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[^TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 1 (HARMER). 
SELECT ENGLISH HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS
OF THE NINTH AND TENTH CENTURIES.
ED. F. E. HARMER.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1914.
NO. 3, 1, 2, 5.

TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 1 (ROBERTSON).
ANGLO-SAXON CHARTERS. 
ED. A. J. ROBERTSON.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1939.
NO. 3.

TEXT: DOCUMENTS 1 (BIRCH).
CARTULARIUM SAXONICUM:
A COLLECTION OF CHARTERS RELATING
TO ANGLO-SAXON HISTORY, VOL. II.
ED. W. DE G. BIRCH.
NEW YORK: JOHNSON REPRINT CORPORATION 
AND LONDON: JOHNSON REPRINT COMPANY 
LIMITED, 1964 (1887).
NO. 451.

PP. 5.26 - 6.28  (3)    (SAMPLE 1) (HARMER)
PP. 1.4  - 2.30  (1)    (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 3.3  - 5.17  (2)
PP. 8.19 - 9.6   (5)
PP. 4.15 - 6.3   (3)               (ROBERTSON)
P. 34.10 - 34.28 (451)  (SAMPLE 3) (BIRCH)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B15.1.7^]
<P 5>
<R 1>
   (\In nomine Domini. Ego\) Berchtwulf cyning sile For+drede
minum +degne nigen higida lond in Wudotune
in ece erfe him to hiobbanne, & to siollanne +daem +de hit
wille mi+d ea+dmodre hernisse him to 
geeornigan ofer his daeg, Cisse+debeorg, Feowertreowehyl, 
<P 6>
& Eanburgemere, Tihhanhyl, & ut bi Geht tu
higida lond in erfe ece.
<R 6>
& he salde to londceape XXX mancessan & nigen hund
scillinga wi+d +daem londe him in ece erfe.
<R 8>
   Ic Berhtwulf (\rex\) +das mine gesaldnisse trymme & 
faestna in Cristes rode tacne & in his +daere 
haligran a & in his wotona gewitnisse.
[^THE LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED^]
<R 11>
   & we aec alle bibeoda+d +de aet +disse gewitnisse werun, on
Cristes noman & on his +daere haligran, 
gif aenig monn +das ure gewitnisse incerre on owihte, +daet he
aebbe +daes aelmaehtgan Godes 
[{unhlisse{] & his +daere haligran up in heofnum +daes we him
[{gebeodan{] maege.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O1 XX DOC HARM1>
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[^B15.2.1^]
<P 1>
<R 1>
Ic Oswulf aldormonn mid Godes g+afe ond Beorn+dry+d min
gemecca sella+d to Cantuarabyrg to Cristes cirican 
+d+at lond +at Stanhamstede, XX swuluncga, Gode
allmehtgum & +dere halgon gesomnuncg+a, fore hyhte 
& fore aedleane +d+as aecan & +d+as towardon lifes &
fore uncerra saula hela & uncerra bearna.
<R 5>
Ond mid micelre ea+dmodnisse bidda+d +d+at wit moten bion on
+dem gemanon +de +daer Godes +diowas siondan 
& +da menn +da +daer hlafordas w+aron & +dara monna +de
hiora lond to +daere cirican saldon and +d+att+a 
mon unce tide ymb tu+alf mona+d mon geweor+di+a on
godcundum godum & +ac on aelmessan su+a mon hiora 
doe+d.
<R 12>
Ic +donne Wlfred mid Godes gaefe (\archiepiscopus\) +das
forecuaedenan word fulliae, & bebeode +d+at mon
ymb tu+alf mona+d hiora tid boega +dus geweor+diae to anes
daeges to Oswulfes tide ge mid godcundum
godum ge mid aelmessan ge aec mid higna suesendum.
<R 16>
+donne bebeode ic +daet mon +das +ding selle ymb tu+alf
mona+d of Liminum, +de +dis forecuaedene lond to limpe+d, 
of +daem ilcan londe +at Stanhamstede, CXX
huaetenra hlafa & XXX clenra & an hri+der dugunde 
& IIII sc+ep & tua flicca & V goes & X
hennfuglas & X pund caeses, gif hit fuguldaeg 
<P 2>
sie, gif hit +donne festend+ag sie, selle mon w+ege c+asa, &
fisces & butran & aegera +daet mon begeotan 
maege, & XXX ombra godes welesces alo+d, +det limpe+d
to XV mittum, & mittan fulne huniges o+d+da 
tu+egen wines, su+e hwaeder suae mon +donne begeotan maege.
<R 25>
Ond of higna gem+enum godum +daer aet ham, mon geselle CXX
gesuflra hlafa to aelmessan for hiora 
saula suae mon aet hlaforda tidum doe+d.
<R 27>
Ond +das forecu+edenan su+esenda all agefe mon +d+em 
reogolwarde & he brytni+e sw+a higum maest red sie 
& +daem sawlum soelest.
<R 29>
Aec mon +daet weax ag+afe to cirican & hiora sawlum nytt
gedoe +de hit man fore doe+d.
<R 31>
Aec ic bebeode minum aefterfylgendum +de +daet lond h+ebben
aet Burnan +daet hiae simle ymb XII mona+d 
foran to +d+are tide gegeorwien ten hund hlafa & swae
feola sufla & +d+et mon gedele to aelmessan aet 
+dere tide fore mine sawle & Oswlfes & Beorn+dry+de aet
Cristes cirican & him se reogolweord on 
byrg gebeode foran to hwonne sio tid sie.
<R 37>
Aec ic bidde higon +dette hie +das godcundan god gedon aet
+dere tide fore hiora sawlum, +daet +eghwilc 
messepriost gesinge fore Oswlfes sawle twa messan, twa fore
Beorn+dry+de sawle & aeghwilc diacon
arede twa passione fore his sawle, twa fore
<R 41>
hire ond +eghwilc Godes +diow gesinge twa fiftig fore his
sawle, twa fore hire +daette ge fore weorolde 
sien geblitsade mid +dem weoroldcundum godum & hiora saula
mid +dem godcundum godum.
<R 44>
Aec ic biddo higon +daet ge me gemynen aet +dere tide mid
suilce godcunde gode suilce iow cynlic +dynce, 
ic +de +das gesettnesse sette gehueder ge for higna
lufon ge +deara saula +de haer beforan hiora 
namon awritene siondon.
<R 47>
(\Valete in Domino.\) +tis is gesetnes [{Osulfes{] [{&{]
Biarn+dry+de.

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[^B15.6.1^]
<P 3>
<R 1>
Ic Abba geroefa cy+de & writan hate hu min willa is +t+at
mon ymb min +arfe gedoe +after minum d+age.
<R 3>
+arest ymb min lond +te ic h+abbe, & me God lah, & ic +at
minum hlafordum beg+at, is min willa gif me God 
bearnes unnan wille, +d+at hit foe to londe +after me & his
bruce mid minum gemeccan & sio+d+dan sw+a for+d 
min cynn +da hwile +te God wille +d+at +deara +anig sie
+te londes weor+de sie & land gehaldan cunne.
<R 8>
Gif me +donne gife+de sie, +d+at ic bearn begeotan ne mege,
+tonne is min willa +t+at hit h+abbe min wiif +da 
hwile +de hia hit mid clennisse gehaldan wile.
<R 10>
& min bro+dar Alchhere hire fultume & +t+at lond hire nytt
gedoe & him man s+elle an half swulung an Ciollandene 
to habbanne & to brucanne, wi+d +dan +de he +dy
geornliocar hire +dearfa bega & bewiotige & mon 
selle him to +dem londe IIII oxan & II cy & L
sc+epa & +anne horn.
<R 15>
Gif min wiif +donne hia nylle mid clennisse sw+a gehaldan, &
hire liofre sie o+der hemed to niomanne, 
+donne foen mine megas to +dem londe & hire agefen hire agen.
<R 17>
Gif hire +donne liofre sie an mynster to ganganne o+d+da su+d
to faranne, +donne agefen hie tw+agen mine 
m+egas Alchhere & Ae+delwold hire twa +dusenda & fon him to
+dem londe & agefe mon to Liminge L eawa 
& V cy fore hie.
<R 21>
& mon selle to Folcanstane in mid minum lice X oxan &
X cy & C eawa & C swina & higum ansundran 
D pending wi+d +dan +de min wiif +t+ar benuge
innganges sw+a mid minum lice sw+a sio+d+dan yferran dogre
[^TORONTO CORPUS: doqre^] sw+a hw+ader sw+a hire liofre sie.
<R 25>
Gif higan +donne o+d+de hlaford +t+at nylle hire mynsterlifes
geunnan, o+d+da hia siolf nylle, & hire o+der
+ding liofre sie, +tonne agefe mon ten hund pending inn mid
minum lice 
<P 4>
me wi+d legerstowe, & higum an
sundran fif hund pending fore mine sawle.
<R 30>
& ic bidde & bebeode sw+alc monn se +d+at min lond hebbe
+d+at he +alce gere agefe +dem higum +at Folcanstane 
L ambra maltes & VI ambra gruta & III wega
spices & ceses & CCCC hlafa & an hri+dr & VI 
scep.
<R 33>
& sw+alc monn se +de to minum +arfe foe, +donne gedele he
+alcum messepreoste binnan Cent mancus goldes 
& +alcum Godes +diowe pending & to Sancte Petre min w+argeld 
twa +dusenda.
<R 36>
& Freo+domund foe to minum sweorde & agefe +der+at feower
+dusenda, & him mon forgefe +deran +dreotene hund 
pending.
<R 39>
& gif mine bro+dar +arfeweard gestrionen +de londes weor+de
sie, +tonne ann ic +dem londes.
<R 40>
Gif hie ne gestrionen o+d+da him sylfum +alles hw+at s+ele,
+after hiora dege ann ic his Freo+domunde gif 
he +donne lifes bi+d.
<R 42>
Gif him elles hw+at s+ale+d, +donne ann ic his minra
sw+astarsuna sw+alcum se hit ge+dian wile & him gife+de 
bi+d.
<R 44>
& gif +t+at gesele +t+at min cynn to +dan clane gewite +d+at
+der +deara nan ne sie +de londes weor+de sie, +tonne 
foe se hlaford to & +da higon +at Kristes cirican & hit
minum gaste nytt gedoen.
<R 46>
An +das redenne ic hit +dider selle, +de se monn se +de
Kristes cirican hlaford sie, se min & minra erfewearda 
forespreoca & mundbora, & an his hlaforddome we bian
moten.
<R 50>
Ic Ciolno+d mid Godes gefe +arcebiscop +dis write & +deafie &
mid Cristes rode tacne hit festni+a.
<R 52>
Ic Beagmund preost +dis +deafie & write.
<R 53>
Ic W+arhard preost abbod +dis +deafie & write.
<R 54>
Ic Abba geroefa +dis write & festnie mid Kristes rode tacne.
<R 55>
Ic Ae+delhun preost +dis +deafie & write.
<R 56>
Ic Abba preost +dis +deafie & write.
<R 57>
Ic Wigmund preost +dis write & +deafie.
<R 58>
Ic Iof preost +dis +deafie & write.
<R 59>
Ic Osmund preost +dis +deafie & write.
<R 60>
Ic Wealhhere diacon +dis write & +deafie.
<R 61>
Ic Badano+d diacon +dis write & +deafie.
<R 62>
Ic Heaberht diacon +dis write & +deafie.
<R 63>
Ic No+dwulf subdiacon +dis write & +deafie.
<R 64>
Ic Wealhhere subdiacon +dis write & +deafie.
<P 5>
<R 65>
Ic Ciolwulf subdiacon +dis write & +deafie.
<R 66>
Heregy+d hafa+d +das wisan binemned ofer hire deg & ofer Abban
+d+am higum et Cristes cirican of +d+am londe 
et Cealflocan.
<R 68>
+d+at is +donne +dritig ombra ala+d & +dreo hund hlafa, +deara
bi+d fiftig hwitehlafa an weg spices & ceses, 
an ald hri+der, feower we+dras, an suin, o+d+de sex we+dras,
sex gosfuglas, ten hennfuglas, +dritig teapera, 
gif hit wintres deg sie, sester fulne huniges, sester
fulne butran, sester fulne saltes.
<R 72>
& Heregy+d bibeade+d +dem mannum +de efter hire to londe foen,
on Godes noman, +d+at hie fulgere witen +d+at 
hie +diss gel+esten +de on +dissem gewrite binemned is +dem
higum to Cristes cirican, & +d+at sie simle 
to higna blodlese ymb twelf mona+d agefen.
<R 76>
& se mann se to londe foe, agefe hire erfehonda XIII pund
pendinga.
<R 77>
& hio forgife+d fiftene pund for +dy +de mon +das feorme +dy
soel gel+aste.
<R 79>
Abban geroefan [{arfegedal{] , his ge+dinga to Kristes cirican.

<Q O1 XX DOC HARM5>
<N DOC HARM 5>
<A X>
<C O1>
<O -850>
<M -850>
<K SAME>
<D K>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
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<U X>
<E X>
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[^B15.2.2^]
<P 8>
<R 1>
+dis sindan ge+dinga Ealhburge & Eadwealdes et +dem lande
et Burnan, hwet man elce gere ob +dem lande 
to Cristes cirican +dem hiwum agiaban scel, for Ealhburge &
for Ealdred & fore Eadweald & Ealawynne, 
XL ambra mealtes, & XL & CC hlaba, I
wege cesa, I wege speces, I eald hri+der, IIII 
we+dras, X goes, XX henfugla, IIII fo+dra
weada.
<R 6>
& ic Ealhburg bebiade Eadwealde minem mege an Godes naman &
an ealra his haligra +det he +dis wel healde 
his dei & si+d+dan for+d bebeode his erbum to healdenne
+da hwile +de hit cristen se.
<R 9>
& suelc mon se +det lond hebbe eghwylce sunnandege XX
gesuflra hlafa to +dare cirican for Ealdredes 
saule & for Ealhburge.
<P 9>
<R 12>
+dis is sia elmesse +de Ealhhere bebead Ealawynne his doehter
et +Denglesham, et III sulungum, elce
gere C penega to Cristes cirican +dem higum.
<R 14>
& suelc man se +disses landes bruce, agebe +dis fiah an
Godes gewitnesse & an ealra his haligra, &
suilc man sue hit awege, +donne se hit on his sawale, nas on
+des +de hit don het.

<Q O1 XX DOC ROB3>
<N DOC ROB 3>
<A X>
<C O1>
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[^B15.6.18^]
<P 4>
<R 1>
   +a+delno+d se gerefa to Eastorege & G+anburg his wif 
ar+addan hiora erfe beforan Wulfrede arcebiscope
& +a+delhune his m+asseprioste & Esne cyninges +degne.
<R 3>
Su+a hue+der hiora su+a leng lifes were foe to londe & to alre
+ahte.
<R 4>
Gif hio bearn h+abbe +donne foe +d+at ofer hiora boega dagas
to londe & to +ahte.
<R 5>
Gif hio +donne bearn n+abbe & Wulfred archibiscop lifes sie
+tonne foe he to +d+am londe & hit forgelde
& +d+at wior+d ged+ale fore hiora gastas su+a +almeslice &
su+a rehtlice su+a he him seolfa on his wisdome
geleornie.
<R 9>
& +da sprece n+anig mon uferran dogor on n+ange o+dre halfe
onc+arrende sie nymne su+a +tis gewrit hafa+d.
<P 6>
<R 11>
+tisses londes earan +drie sulong +at H+agy+de +dorne.
& gif hiora o+drum o+d+de b+am su+d for gelimpe biscop +dat
lond gebycge su+a hie +donne geweor+de.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<Q O1 XX DOC BIRCH>
<N DOC BIRCH>
<A X>
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<O -850>
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[^B15.8.62^]
<P 34>
<R 1>
   +arest on merce cumb +donne on grenan pytt +donne on +done
torr +at mercecumbes +awielme +donne on dene
waldes stan.
<R 3>
+Donne on +done dic +d+ar Esne +done weg fordealf +donon of
dune on +d+as w+alles heafod +donne +d+ar of 
dune on broc o+d tiddesford.
<R 5>
+Donne up on broc o+d heottes dic to +d+are flodan from
+d+are flodan of dune +d+ar fyxan dic to broce 
g+a+d & +donne of dune on broc o+d s+a.
<R 7>
+donne from +dyrelan stane up on broc o+d smalan cumb fram
smalan cumbes heafde to gr+awan stane 
+donon wi+dufan +d+as w+alles heafod on odencolc.
<R 9>
+Donon on +done healden weg wi+d huitan stanes +donon to
+d+am beorge +de mon hate+d +at +d+am holne +donon
an haran stan.
<R 11>
+Donon on secgw+alles heafod +donon on +da burg eastewearde
+donon on +da lytlan burg westewearde 
+donon to str+ate.
<R 12>
+Donan benio+dan wuda on geryhte ut on hreodpol +donne up on
afene o+d+d+at +de se alda suinhaga 
utsciote+d to afene +donne be +d+am hagan on anne beorge.
<R 15>
+Donne on sueordleage w+alle +donon on wulfw+alles heafod
+donon on wealweg on +done stan +at +d+are 
flodan from +d+am stane for+d on +done herepa+d on +done dic.
<R 17>
+Donon of dune o+d wealdenes ford +donon on +done holan weg
+donon of dune on broc on hunburgefleot &
+d+ar to s+a.



<B CONORTHU>
<Q O1 XX XX CAEDMON>
<N CAEDMON HYMN>
<A X>
<C O1>
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<V VERSE>
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<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  CAEDMON'S HYMN.
THE ANGLO-SAXON MINOR POEMS.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, VI.
ED. E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1942.
P. 105.1 - 105.9      (SAMPLE 1)

TEXT:  BEDE'S DEATH SONG.
Idem.
P. 107.1 - 107.5      (SAMPLE 2)

TEXT:  THE RUTHWELL CROSS.
THE DREAM OF THE ROOD.
ED. B. DICKINS AND A. S. C. ROSS.
LONDON: METHUEN & CO. LTD., 1956 (1934).
CORRECTIONS BY R. W. V. ELLIOTT,
RUNES: AN INTRODUCTION (MANCHESTER, 1959).
PP. 90 - 96, AND FIGURES 38 - 40.
PP. 25.39 - 29.64     (SAMPLE 3)

TEXT:  THE LEIDEN RIDDLE.
THE ANGLO-SAXON MINOR POEMS.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, VI.
ED. E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1942.
P. 109.1 - 109.14     (SAMPLE 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^A32.1^]
<P 105>
[} [\CAEDMON'S HYMN
NORTHUMBRIAN VERSION\] }]
<R 1>
Nu scylun hergan hefaenricaes uard, metud+as maecti end his
modgidanc, uerc uuldurfadur, sue he uundra gihuaes,
eci dryctin, or astelid+a.
<R 5>
He aerist scop aelda barnum heben til hrofe, haleg scepen;
tha middungeard moncynn+as uard, eci dryctin, +after tiad+a
firum foldu, frea allmectig.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O1 XX XX BEDEDS>
<N BEDE DEATH SONG>
<A X>
<C O1>
<O -850>
<M -850>
<K X>
<D AN>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A33.1^]
<P 107>
[} [\BEDE'S DEATH SONG
NORTHUMBRIAN VERSION\] }]
<R 1>
Fore [{thaem{] neidfaerae naenig uuiurthit thoncsnotturra,
than him tharf sie to ymbhycggannae aer his hiniongae huaet
his gastae godaes aeththa yflaes aefter
deothdaege doemid uueorthae.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<Q O1 XX XX RUTHW>
<N RUTHWELL CROSS>
<A X>
<C O1>
<O -850>
<M -850>
<K X>
<D AN>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
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<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^E39^]
<P 25>
 Gered+a hin+a god almegttig.
+ta he walde on galgu gistiga modig for men Buga.
<P 26>
<R 2>
 Ic riicn+a kyningc heafun+as hlafard h+alda ic ni dorst+a
Bism+ar+adu ungket men ba +atgadr+a ic w+as mi+t 
blod+a bistemid 
<P 27>
Bi.
<P 28>
<R 3>
 Krist w+as on rodi Hwe+tr+a +ter fus+a fearran kwomu
[{+a+t+til+ati{] anum ic +t+at al biheald sar+a ic w+as mi+t
sorgum gidroefid hnag.
<P 29>
<R 4>
 Mi+t strelum giwundad Alegdun hi+a hin+a limwoerign+a
gistoddun  Him lic+as heafdum Bihealdum hi+a +ter.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<Q O1 XX XX LEIDEN>
<N LEIDEN RIDDLE>
<A X>
<C O1>
<O -850>
<M -850>
<K X>
<D AN>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A34^]
<P 109>
[} [\THE LEIDEN RIDDLE\] }]
Mec se ueta uong, uundrum freorig, ob his inna+dae aerest
[{cend{] .
<R 3>
[{Ni{] uaat ic mec biuorth+a uullan fliusum, herum +derh
hehcraeft, hygi+donc.
<R 5>
Uundnae me ni bia+d uefl+a, ni ic uarp haf+a, ni +derih
[{+dreatun{] gi+draec [{+dret{] me hlimmith, ne me hrutendo 
hrisil scelfath, ni mec ouana aam sceal cnyssa.
<R 9>
Uyrmas mec ni auefun uyrdi craeftum, +da +di [{geolu{] godueb
geatum fraetuath.
<R 11>
Uil mec [{huethrae{] suae +deh uid+a ofaer eor+du hatan mith
h+eli+dum hyhtlic giu+ade; ni anoegun ic me aerigfaerae egsan
brogum, +deh +di n[{..{]n si+a niudlicae ob cocrum.



<B COLAW2>
<Q O2 STA LAW ALFLAWIN>
<N LAW ALFRED INTRO>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z STAT>
<S SAMPLE X>

[^TEXT:  ALFRED'S INTRODUCTION TO LAWS.
DIE GESETZE DER ANGELSACHSEN, VOL. I.
ED. F. LIEBERMANN.
HALLE: MAX NIEMEYER, 1903.
PP. 26.17 - 46.23   (SAMPLE 1)

TEXT:  LAWS (ALFRED).
Idem.
PP. 46.27 - 88.7

TEXT:  LAWS (INE).
Idem.
PP. 88.25 - 122.32  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B14.4.3^]
<P 26>
<R 1>
DRYHTEN W+AS SPRECENde +das word to Moyse & +tus cw+a+d: Ic
eom dryhten +din God.
Ic +de utgel+adde of Egipta londe & of hiora +deowdome.
<R 1.1>
Ne lufa +du o+tre fremde godas ofer me.
<R 1.2>
Ne minne noman ne cig +du on idelnesse; for+don +te +du ne
bist unscyldig wi+d me, gif +du on idelnesse
cigst minne noman.
<R 1.3>
Gemyne +t+at +du gehalgige +tone r+asted+ag; wyrcea+d eow VI
dagas & on +tam siofo+dan resta+d eow: for+dam on VI dagum
Crist geworhte heofonas
<P 28>
& eor+dan, s+as & ealle gesceafta +te on him sint,
& hine gereste on +tone siofo+dan
d+ag, & for+don Dryhten hine gehalgode.
<R 1.4>
Ara +dinum f+ader & +tinre medder, +da +te Dryhten sealde,
+t+at +du sie +ty leng libbende on eor+tan.
<R 1.5>
Ne sleah +du.
<R 1.6>
Ne lige +du dearnenga.
<R 1.7>
Ne stala +du.
<R 1.8>
Ne s+age +du lease gewitnesse.
<R 1.9>
Ne wilna +du +tines nehstan ierfes mid unryhte.
<R 1.10>
Ne wyrc +de gyldne godas o+d+de sylfrene.
<R 11.1>
+tis sint +da domas +te +du him settan scealt: Gif hwa
gebycgge cristenne +teow, VI gear +deowige he; +dy
siofo+dan beo he frioh orceapunga; mid swelce hr+agle he
ineode, mid swelce gange he ut.
<R 11.2>
Gif he wif self h+abbe, gange hio ut mid him.
<R 11.3>
Gif se hlaford him +tonne wif sealde, sie hio & hire bearn
+t+as hlafordes.
<R 11.4>
Gif se +teowa +tonne cwe+de: Nelle ic from minum hlaforde ne
from minum wife, ne from minum bearne ne
from minum ierfe, brenge hine +tonne his hlaford to +d+are
dura +t+as temples & +turh+tyrlige his eare mid
+ale, to tacne +t+at he sie +afre si+d+dan +teow.
<P 30>
<R 12.1>
+deah hwa gebycgge his dohtor on +teowenne, ne sie hio ealles
swa +deowu swa o+dru mennenu: nage he hie ut on el+deodig folc
to bebycgganne.
<R 12.2>
Ac gif he hire ne recce, se +de hie bohte, l+ate hie freo on
el+deodig folc.
<R 12.3>
Gif he +donne alefe his suna mid to h+amanne, do hiere gyfta:
locige +t+at hio h+abbe hr+agl; & +t+at weor+d
sie hiere m+ag+dhades, +t+at is se weotuma, agife he hire
+tone.
<R 12.4>
Gif he hire +tara nan ne do, +tonne sie hio frioh.
<R 13.1>
Se mon se +de his gewealdes monnan ofslea, swelte se dea+de.
<R 13.2>
Se +de hine +tonne nedes ofsloge o+d+de unwillum o+d+de
ungewealdes, swelce hine God swa sende on his honda, & he hine
ne ymbsyrede, sie he feores wyr+de & folcryhtre
bote, gif he fri+dstowe gesece.
<R 13.3>
Gif hwa +donne of giernesse & gewealdes ofslea his +tone
nehstan +turh searwa, aluc +du hine from minum
weofode, to +tam +t+at he dea+de swelte.
<R 1.14>
Se +de slea his f+ader o+d+de his modor, se sceal dea+de
sweltan.
<R 1.15>
Se +de frione forstele & he hine bebycgge, & hit onbest+aled
sie, +t+at he hine bereccean ne m+age, swelte se dea+de.
Se +de werge his f+ader o+d+de his modor, swelte se dea+de.
<P 32>
<R 1.16>
Gif hwa slea his +done nehstan mid stane o+d+de mid fyste, &
he +teah utgongan m+age bi stafe, begite him l+ace & wyrce his
weorc +da hwile +te he self ne m+age.
<R 17.1>
Se +de slea his agenne +teowne esne o+d+de his mennen, & he
ne sie id+ages dead, +deah he libbe twa niht
o+d+de +dreo, ne bi+d he ealles swa scyldig, for+ton +te hit
w+as his agen fioh.
<R 17.2>
Gif he +donne sie id+ages dead, +donne sitte sio scyld on him.
<R 18.1>
Gif hwa on cease eacniende wif gewerde, bete +tone +awerdlan,
swa him domeras gereccen.
<R 18.2>
Gif hio dead sie, selle sawle wi+d sawle.
<R 1.19>
Gif hwa o+drum his eage o+ddo, selle his agen fore: to+d fore
te+d, honda wi+d honda, fet fore fet, b+arning for b+arninge,
wund wi+d wunde, l+al wi+d l+ale.
<R 20.1>
Gif hwa aslea his +deowe o+d+de his +deowenne +t+at eage ut &
he +tonne hie gedo anigge gefreoge hie for
+ton.
<R 20.2>
Gif he +tonne +done to+d ofaslea, do +t+at ilce.
<R 21.1>
Gif oxa ofhnite wer o+d+de wif, +t+at hie dead sien, sie he
mid stanum ofworpod, & ne sie his fl+asc eten; se hlaford bi+d
unscyldig.
<R 21.2>
Gif se oxa hnitol w+are twam dagum +ar o+d+de +drim, & se
hlaford hit wisse & hine inne betynan nolde, &
he +donne wer o+d+de wif ofsloge,
<P 34>
sie he mid stanum ofworpod,
& sie se hlaford ofslegen o+d+de forgolden, swa +d+at witan to
ryhte finden.
<R 21.3>
Sunu o+d+de dohtor gif he ofstinge, +d+as ilcan domes sie he
wyr+de.
<R 21.4>
Gif he +donne +deow o+d+de +deowmennen ofstinge, geselle +tam
hlaforde XXX scillinga seolfres, & se oxa mid stanum ofworpod.
<R 1.22>
Gif hwa adelfe w+aterpyt o+d+de betynedne ontyne & hine eft
ne betyne, gelde swelc neat swelc +d+ar on
befealle, & h+abbe him +d+at deade.
<R 23.1>
Gif oxa o+dres monnes oxan gewundige, & he +donne dead sie,
bebycggen +tone oxan & h+abben him +t+at weor+d gem+ane & eac
+d+at fl+asc swa +d+as deadan.
<R 23.2>
Gif se hlaford +tonne wisse, +t+at se oxa hnitol w+are, & hine
healdan nolde, selle him o+derne oxan fore & h+abbe him eall
+d+at fl+asc.
<R 24.1>
Gif hwa forstele o+dres oxan & hine ofslea o+d+de bebycgge,
selle twegen wi+d & feower sceap wi+d anum.
<R 24.2>
Gif he n+abbe hw+at he selle, sie he self beboht wi+d +dam
fio.
<R 25.1>
Gif +deof brece mannes hus nihtes & he weor+de +t+ar
ofslegen, ne sie he na mansleges scyldig.
<P 36>
<R 25.2>
Gif he si+d+dan +after sunnan upgonge +tis de+d, he bi+d
mansleges scyldig & he +donne self swelte, buton
he niedd+ada w+are.
<R 25.3>
Gif mid him cwicum sie funden +t+at he +ar st+al, be
twyfealdum forgielde hit.
<R 1.26>
Gif hwa gewerde o+dres monnes wingeard o+d+de his +acras
o+d+de his landes awuht, gebete swa hit mon geeahtige.
<R 1.27>
Gif fyr sie ontended ryt to b+arnanne, gebete +tone
+afwerdelsan se +d+at fyr ontent.
<R 28.1>
Gif hwa o+df+aste his friend fioh, gif he hit self st+ale,
forgylde be twyfealdum.
<R 28.2>
Gif he nyte, hwa hit st+ale, geladige hine selfne, +t+at he
+d+ar nan facn ne gefremede.
<R 28.3>
Gif hit +donne cucu feoh w+are, & he secgge, +t+at hit here
name o+d+de hit self acw+ale, & gewitnesse h+abbe, ne +tearf
he +t+at geldan.
<R 28.4>
Gif he +donne gewitnesse n+abbe, & he him ne getriewe, swerige
he +tonne.
<P 38>
<R 29.1>
Gif hwa f+amnan beswice unbeweddode & hire mid sl+ape,
forgielde hie & h+abbe hi si+d+dan him to wife.
<R 29.2>
Gif +d+are f+amnan f+ader hie +donne sellan nelle, agife he
+d+at feoh +after +tam weotuman.
<R 1.30>
+da f+amnan +te gewunia+d onfon gealdorcr+aftigan &
scinl+acan & wiccan, ne l+at +tu +da libban.
<R 1.31>
& se +de h+ame mid netene, swelte he dea+de.
<R 1.32>
& se +de godgeldum onsecge ofer God anne, swelte se dea+de.
<R 1.33>
Utan cumene & el+deodige ne geswenc +du no, for+don +de ge
w+aron giu el+deodige on Egipta londe.
<R 34.1>
+ta wuduwan & +ta stiopcild ne sce+d+da+d ge, ne hie nawer
deria+d.
<R 34.2>
Gif ge +tonne elles do+d, hie cleopia+d to me, & ic gehiere
hie & ic eow +tonne slea mid minum sweorde
& ic gedo, +t+at eowru wif beo+d wydewan & eowru bearn beo+d
steopcild.
<R 1.35>
Gif +du fioh to borge selle +tinum geferan, +te mid +te
eardian wille, ne niede +du hine swa swa niedling & ne gehene
+tu hine mid +dy eacan.
<R 36.1>
Gif mon n+abbe buton anfeald hr+agl hine mid to wreonne & to
werianne, & he hit to wedde selle, +ar sunnan setlgonge sie
hit agifen.
<R 36.2>
Gif +du swa ne dest, +tonne cleopa+d he to me, & ic hine
gehiere, for+don +de ic eom swi+de mildheort.
<P 40>
<R 1.37>
Ne t+al +du +dinne Dryhten, ne +done hlaford +t+as folces ne
werge +tu.
<R 1.38>
+tine teo+dan sceattas & +tine frumripan gongendes &
weaxendes agif +tu Gode.
<R 1.39>
Eal +d+at fl+asc +t+at wildeor l+afen ne eten ge +t+at, ac
sella+d hit hundum.
<R 1.40>
Leases monnes word ne rec +du no +t+as to gehieranne, ne his
domas ne ge+dafa +du, ne nane gewitnesse +after him
ne saga +du.
<R 1.41>
Ne wend +du +de no on +t+as folces unr+ad & unryht gewill on
hiora spr+ace & geclysp ofer +din ryht, & +d+as unwisestan
lare ne him ne ge+dafa.
<R 1.42>
Gif +de becume o+dres mannes giemeleas fioh on hond +teah hit
sie +din feond, gecy+de hit him.
<R 1.43>
Dem +du swi+de emne.
<R 2.43>
Ne dem +du o+derne dom +tam welegan, o+derne +dam earman; ne
o+derne +tam liofran & o+derne +tam la+dran ne dem +du.
<R 1.44>
Onscuna +du a leasunga.
<R 1.45>
So+df+astne man & unscyldigne ne acwele +du +tone n+afre.
<R 1.46>
Ne onfoh +du n+afre medsceattum, for+don hie ablenda+d ful
oft wisra monna ge+doht & hiora word onwenda+d.
<P 42>
<R 1.47>
+tam el+deodegan & utan cumenan ne l+at +du no uncu+dlice
wi+d hine, ne mid nanum unryhtum +tu hine ne drece.
<R 1.48>
Ne swergen ge n+afre under h+a+dne godas, ne on nanum +dingum
ne cleopien ge to him.
<R 49>
+tis sindan +da domas +te se +almihtega God self sprecende
w+as to Moyse & him bebead to healdanne.
& si+d+dan se ancenneda Dryhtnes sunu, ure God, +t+at is
h+alend Crist, on middangeard cwom, he cw+a+d, +d+at he ne
come no +das bebodu to brecanne ne to forbeodanne,
ac mid eallum godum to ecanne; & mildheortnesse & ea+dmodnesse
he l+arde.
<R 49.1>
+da +after his +drowunge, +ar +tam +te his apostolas tofarene
w+aron geond ealle eor+dan to l+aranne, & +ta
giet +da hie +atg+adere w+aron, monega h+a+dena +deoda hie to
Gode gecerdon.
+ta hie ealle +atsomne w+aron, hie sendan +arendwrecan to
Antiohhia & to Syrie, Cristes +a to l+aranne.
<R 49.2>
+ta hie +da ongeaton, +t+at him ne speow, +da sendon hie
+arendgewrit to him.
+tis is +donne +t+at +arendgewrit +te +da apostolas sendon
ealle to Antiohhia & to Syria & to Cilicia, +da
sint nu of h+a+denum +deodum to Criste gecirde.
<R 49.3>
+da apostolas & +ta eldran bro+dor h+alo eow wysca+d; & we
eow cy+da+d, +t+at we geascodon, +t+at ure geferan sume mid
urum wordum to eow comon & eow hefigran wisan budon
to healdanne +tonne we him budon, & eow to swi+de gedwealdon
mid +dam mannigfealdum gebodum, & eowra
<P 44>
sawla ma forhwerfdon +tonne hie geryhton.
+da gesomnodon we us ymb +d+at, & us eallum gelicode +da,
+t+at we sendon Paulus & Barnaban; +da men wilnia+d hiora
sawla sellan for Dryhtnes naman.
<R 49.4>
Mid him we sendon Iudam & Silam, +t+at eow +t+at ilce
seccgen.
<R 49.5>
+t+am halgan Gaste w+as ge+duht & us, +t+at we nane byr+denne
on eow settan noldon ofer +t+at +de eow ned+dearf w+as to
healdanne: +t+at [{is{] +donne, +t+at ge forberen,
+t+at ge deofolgeld ne weor+dien, ne blod ne +dicggen ne
asmorod, & from diernum geligerum; & +t+at ge willen,
+t+at o+dre men eow ne don, ne do+d ge +d+at o+trum monnum.
<R 49.6>
Of +dissum anum dome mon m+ag ge+dencean, +t+at he +aghwelcne
on ryht gedeme+d; ne +dearf he nanra domboca
o+terra.
Ge+dence he, +t+at he nanum men ne deme +t+at he nolde +d+at
he him demde, gif he +done dom ofer hine sohte.
<R 49.7>
Si+d+dan +d+at +ta gelamp, +t+at monega +deoda Cristes
geleafan onfengon, +ta wurdon monega seono+das geond
ealne middangeard gegaderode, & eac swa geond Angelcyn,
si+d+dan hie Cristes geleafan onfengon, halegra biscepa & eac
o+derra ge+dungenra witena.
hie +da gesetton, for +d+are mildheortnesse +te Crist l+arde,
+at m+astra hwelcre misd+ade +t+atte +da weoruldhlafordas
moston mid hiora 
<P 46>
leafan buton synne +at +tam forman
gylte +t+are fiohbote onfon, +te hie +da gesettan.
buton +at hlafordsearwe hie nane mildheortnesse ne dorston
gecwe+dan, for+tam +de God +almihtig +tam nane ne gedemde +te
hine oferhogdon, ne Crist Godes sunu +tam
nane ne gedemde +te hine to dea+de sealde,
& he bebead +tone hlaford lufian swa hine.
<R 49.8>
Hie +da on monegum seno+dum monegra menniscra misd+ada bote
gesetton, & on monega seno+dbec hie writan, hw+ar anne dom
hw+ar o+terne.
<R 49.9>
Ic +da +alfred cyning +tas tog+adere gegaderode & awritan
het, monege +tara +te ure foregengan heoldon,
+da +de me licodon; & manege +tara +te me ne licodon ic awearp
mid minra witena ge+deahte, & on o+dre wisan bebead
to healdanne.
For+dam ic ne dorste ge+dristl+acan +tara minra awuht fela on
gewrit settan, for+dam me w+as uncu+d, hw+at
+t+as +dam lician wolde +de +after us w+aren.
Ac +da +de ic gemette aw+der o+d+de on Ines d+age, mines
m+ages, o+d+de on Offan Mercna cyninges o+d+de on
+a+telbryhtes, +te +arest fulluhte onfeng on Angelcynne,
+ta +de me ryhtoste +duhton, ic +ta heron gegaderode,
& +ta o+dre forlet.

<Q O2 STA LAW ALFLAW>
<N LAW ALFRED>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z STAT>

[^B14.4.4^]
<P 46>
<R 1>
+at +arestan we l+ara+d, +t+at m+ast +dearf is, +t+at
+aghwelc mon his a+d & his wed w+arlice healde.
<R 1.1>
Gif hwa to hw+a+drum +tissa genied sie on woh, o+d+de to
hlafordsearwe o+d+de to +angum unryhtum fultume, 
+t+at is +tonne ryhtre to aleoganne +tonne to gel+astanne.
<P 48>
<R 1.2>
Gif he +tonne +t+as weddige +te him riht sie to gel+astanne &
+t+at aleoge, selle mid ea+dmedum his w+apn &
his +ahta his freondum to gehealdanne & beo feowertig nihta
on carcerne on cyninges tune, +drowige +d+ar 
swa biscep him scrife, & his m+agas hine feden, gif he
self mete n+abbe.
<R 1.3>
Gif he m+agas n+abbe o+d+de +tone mete n+abbe, fede cyninges
gerefa hine.
<R 1.4>
Gif hine mon togenedan scyle, & he elles nylle, gif hine mon
gebinde, +tolige his w+apna & his ierfes.
<R 1.5>
Gif hine mon ofslea, licgge he orgilde.
<R 1.6>
Gif he ut o+dfleo +ar +tam fierste, & hine mon gefo, sie he
feowertig nihta on carcerne, swa he +ar sceolde.
<R 1.7>
Gif he losige, sie he afliemed & sie am+ansumod of eallum
Cristes ciricum.
<R 1.8>
Gif +t+ar +donne o+ter mennisc borg sie, bete +tone borgbryce
swa him ryht wisie, & +done wedbryce swa him his scrift scrife.
<R 2>
Gif hwa +tara mynsterhama hwelcne for hwelcere scylde gesece,
+te cyninges feorm to belimpe, o+t+te o+derne 
frione hiered +te arwyr+de sie, age he +treora nihta
fierst him to gebeorganne, buton he +dingian wille.
<R 2.1>
Gif hine mon on +dam fierste geyflige mid slege o+d+de mid
bende o+d+de +turh wunde, bete +tara +aghwelc mid 
ryhte +deodscipe, ge mid were ge mid wite, & +tam hiwum
hundtwelftig scillinga ciricfri+des to bote
& n+abbe his agne forfongen.
<P 50>
<R 3>
Gif hwa cyninges borg abrece, gebete +tone tyht swa him ryht
wisie, & +t+as borges bryce mid V pundum m+arra p+aninga.
<R 3.1>
+arcebiscepes borges bryce o+d+de his mundbyrd gebete mid
+drim pundum.
<R 3.2>
O+dres biscepes o+d+de ealdormonnes borges bryce o+d+de
mundbyrd gebete mid twam pundum.
<R 4>
Gif hwa ymb cyninges feorh sierwe, +durh hine o+d+de +durh
wreccena feormunge o+d+de his manna, sie he his 
feores scyldig & ealles +t+as +de he age.
<R 4.1>
Gif he hine selfne triowan wille, do +t+at be cyninges
wergelde.
<R 4.2>
Swa we eac setta+d be eallum hadum, ge ceorle ge eorle: se
+de ymb his hlafordes fiorh sierwe, sie he 
wi+d +done his feores scyldig & ealles +d+as +de he age,
o+d+de be his hlafordes were hine getriowe.
<R 5>
Eac we setta+d +aghwelcere cirican, +de biscep gehalgode,
+dis fri+d: gif hie fahmon geierne o+d+de ge+arne, 
+t+at hine seofan nihtum nan mon ut ne teo.
Gif hit +tonne hwa do, +donne sie he scyldig cyninges
mundbyrde & +t+are cirican fri+des mare, gif he +d+ar 
mare ofgefo, gif he for hungre libban m+age, buton he self
utfeohte.
<P 52>
<R 5.1>
Gif hiwan hiora cirican maran +tearfe h+abben, healde hine
mon on o+drum +arne, & +d+at n+abbe +don ma dura 
+tonne sio cirice.
<R 5.2>
Gewite +d+are cirican ealdor, +t+at him mon on +tam fierste
mete ne selle.
<R 5.3>
Gif he self his w+apno his gefan utr+acan wille, gehealden hi
hine XXX nihta & hie hine his m+agum gebodien.
<R 5.4>
Eac cirican fri+d: gif hwelc mon cirican gesece for +dara
gylta hwylcum, +tara +de +ar geypped n+are, & 
hine +d+ar on Godes naman geandette, sie hit healf forgifen.
<R 5.5>
Se +de stala+d on Sunnanniht o+d+de on Gehhol o+d+de on
Eastron o+d+de on +done halgan +tunresd+ag on Gangdagas: 
+dara gehwelc we willa+d sie twybote, swa on
Lenctenf+asten.
<R 6>
Gif hwa on cirican hw+at ge+deofige, forgylde +t+at angylde,
& +d+at wite swa to +dam angylde belimpan wille, 
& slea mon +ta hond of +de he hit mid gedyde.
<R 6.1>
Gif he +da hand lesan wille, & him mon +d+at ge+dafian wille,
gelde swa to his were belimpe.
<R 7>
Gif hwa in cyninges healle gefeohte o+d+de his w+apn gebrede,
& hine mon gefo, sie +d+at on cyninges dome, 
swa dea+d swa lif, swa he him forgifan wille.
<P 54>
<R 7.1>
Gif he losige, & hine mon eft gefo, forgielde he hine self a
be his weregilde, & +done gylt gebete,
swa wer swa wite, swa he gewyrht age.
<R 8>
Gif hwa nunnan of mynstere ut al+ade butan kyninges lefnesse
o+d+de biscepes, geselle hundtwelftig scillinga, 
healf cyninge, healf biscepe & +t+are cirican
hlaforde, +de +done munuc age.
<R 8.1>
Gif hio leng libbe +donne se +de hie utl+adde, nage hio his
ierfes owiht.
<R 8.2>
Gif hio bearn gestriene, n+abbe +d+at +d+as ierfes +don mare
+de seo modor.
<R 8.3>
Gif hire bearn mon ofslea, gielde cyninge +tara medrenm+aga
d+al; f+adrenm+agum hiora d+al mon agife.
<R 9>
Gif mon wif mid bearne ofslea, +tonne +t+at bearn in hire
sie, forgielde +done wifman fullan gielde, &
+t+at bearn be +d+as f+adrencnosles were healfan gelde.
<R 9.1>
A sie +t+at wite LX scillinga, o+d +d+at angylde arise to XXX
scillinga; si+d+dan hit to +dam arise +t+at angylde, 
si+d+dan sie +t+at wite CXX scillinga.
<R 9.2>
Geo w+as gold+deofe & stod+deofe & beo+deofe, & manig witu
maran +donne o+tru; nu sint eal gelic buton man+deofe: 
CXX scillinga.
<P 56>
<R 10>
Gif mon h+ame mid twelfhyndes monnes wife, hundtwelftig
scillinga gebete +dam were; syxhyndum men hundteontig 
scillinga gebete; cierliscum men feowertig scillinga
gebete.
<R 11>
Gif mon on cirliscre f+amnan breost gefo, mid V scillingum
hire gebete.
<R 11.1>
Gif he hie oferweorpe & mid ne geh+ame, mid X scillingum
gebete.
<R 11.2>
Gif he mid geh+ame, mid LX scillingum gebete.
<R 11.3>
Gif o+der mon mid hire l+age +ar, sie be healfum +d+am +tonne
sio bot.
<R 11.4>
Gif hie mon teo, geladiege hie be sixtegum hida, o+d+de
+dolige be healfre +t+are bote.
<R 11.5>
Gif borenran wifmen +dis gelimpe, weaxe sio bot be +dam were.
<R 12>
Gif mon o+dres wudu b+arne+d o+d+de heawe+d unaliefedne,
forgielde +alc great treow mid V scillingum, & si+d+dan 
+aghwylc, sie swa fela swa hiora sie, mid V p+aningum;
& XXX scillinga to wite.
<R 13>
Gif mon o+derne +at gem+anan weorce offelle ungewealdes, agife
mon +tam m+agum +t+at treow, & hi hit h+abben 
+ar XXX nihta of +tam lande, o+d+de him fo se to se +de
+done wudu age.
<P 58>
<R 14>
Gif mon sie dumb o+d+de deaf geboren, +t+at he ne m+age synna
onsecggan ne geandettan, bete se f+ader his misd+ada.
<R 15>
Gif mon beforan +arcebiscepe gefeohte o+d+de w+apne gebregde,
mid L scillinga & hundteontegum gebete; 
gif beforan o+drum biscepe o+d+de ealdormen +dis gelimpe, mid
hundteontegum scillingum gebete.
<R 16>
Gif mon cu o+d+de stodmyran forstele & folan o+d+de cealf
ofadrife, forgelde mid scillingum & +ta moder
be hiora weor+de.
<R 17>
Gif hwa o+drum his unmagan o+df+aste, & he hine on +d+are
f+astinge forferie, getriowe hine facnes se +de
hine fede, gif hine hwa hwelces teo.
<R 18>
Gif hwa nunnan mid h+ame+d+tinge o+d+de on hire hr+agl o+d+de
on hire breost butan hire leafe gefo, sie hit 
twybete swa we +ar be l+awdum men fundon.
<R 18.1>
Gif beweddodu f+amne hie forlicgge, gif hio sie cirlisc, mid
LX scillingum gebete +tam byrgean, 
<P 60>
& +t+at 
sie on cwic+ahtum feogodum, & mon n+anigne mon on +d+at ne
selle.
<R 18.2>
Gif hio sie syxhyndu, hundteontig scillinga geselle +tam
byrgean.
<R 18.3>
Gif hio sie twelfhyndu, CXX scillinga gebete +tam byrgean.
<R 19>
Gif hwa his w+apnes o+drum onl+ane, +t+at he mon mid ofslea,
hie moton hie gesomnian, gif hie willa+d, to +tam were.
<R 19.1>
Gif hi hie ne gesamnien, gielde se +d+as w+apnes onlah +t+as
weres +driddan d+al & +t+as wites +driddan d+al.
<R 19.2>
Gif he hine triewan wille, +t+at he to +d+are l+ane facn ne
wiste, +t+at he mot.
<R 19.3>
Gif sweordhwita o+dres monnes w+apn to feormunge onfo, o+d+de
smi+d monnes andweorc, hie hit gesund begen 
agifan, swa hit hw+a+der hiora +ar onfenge, buton hiora
hw+a+der +ar +tingode, +t+at he hit angylde healdan 
ne +dorfte.
<R 20>
Gif mon o+dres monnes munuce feoh o+df+aste butan +d+as
munuces hlafordes lefnesse, & hit him losige, +tolige 
his se +de hit +ar ahte.
<P 62>
<R 21>
Gif preost o+derne mon ofslea, weorpe mon to handa & eall
+d+at he him hames bohte, & hine biscep onhadige, 
+tonne hine mon of +dam mynstre agife, buton se hlaford
+tone wer for+dingian wille.
<R 22>
Gif mon on folces gemote cyninges gerefan geyppe eofot, &
his eft geswican wille, gest+ale on ryhtran 
hand, gif he m+age; gif he ne m+age, +dolie his angyldes.
<R 23>
Gif hund mon toslite o+d+de abite, +at forman misd+ade
geselle VI scillinga, gif he him mete selle, +at
+afteran cerre XII scillinga, +at +driddan XXX scillinga.
<R 23.1>
Gif +at +dissa misd+ada hwelcere se hund losige, ga +deos bot
hw+a+dre for+d.
<R 23.2>
Gif se hund ma misd+ada gewyrce, & he hine h+abbe, bete be
fullan were swa dolgbote swa he wyrce.
<R 24>
Gif neat mon gewundige, weorpe +d+at neat to honda o+d+de
fore+dingie.
<R 25>
Gif mon ceorles mennen to nedh+amde ge+dreata+d, mid V
<P 64>
scillingum gebete +tam ceorle; & LX scillinga to wite.
<R 25.1>
Gif +deowmon +teowne to nedh+amde genede, bete mid his
eowende.
<R 29>
Gif mon twyhyndne mon unsynnigne mid hlo+de ofslea, gielde se
+d+as sleges andetta sie wer & wite; & +aghwelc 
mon +de on si+de w+are geselle XXX scillinga to hlo+dbote.
<R 30>
Gif hit sie syxhynde mon, +alc mon to hlo+dbote LX scillinga
& se slaga wer & fulwite.
<R 31>
Gif he sie twelfhynde, +alc hiora hundtwelftig scillinga, se
slaga wer & wite.
<R 31.1>
Gif hlo+d +dis gedo & eft o+dswerian wille, tio hie ealle; &
+tonne ealle forgielden +tone wer gem+anum 
hondum & ealle an wite, swa to +dam were belimpe.
<R 26>
Gif mon ungewintr+adne wifmon to niedh+amde 
<P 66>
ge+dreatige, sie
+d+at swa +d+as gewintredan monnes bot.
<R 27>
Gif f+adrenm+aga m+agleas mon gefeohte & mon ofslea, & +tonne
gif medrenm+agas h+abbe, gielden +da +t+as weres 
+driddan d+al & +driddan d+al +ta gegildan, for +driddan
d+al he fleo.
<R 27.1>
Gif he medrenm+agas nage, gielden +ta gegildan healfne, for
healfne he fleo.
<R 28>
Gif mon swa geradne mon ofslea, gif he m+agas nage, gielde
mon healfne cyninge, healfne +tam gegildan.
<R 32>
Gif mon folcleasunge gewyrce, & hio on hine geresp weor+de,
mid nanum leohtran +dinge gebete +tonne him 
mon aceorfe +ta tungon of, +t+at hie mon na undeorran
weor+de moste lesan, +donne hie mon be +tam were
geeahtige.
<R 33>
Gif hwa o+derne godborges oncunne & tion wille, +t+at he
hwelcne ne gel+aste +dara +de he him gesealde, agife 
+tone forea+d on feower ciricum, & se o+der, gif he hine
treowan wille in XII ciricum do he +d+at.
<P 68>
<R 34>
Eac is ciepemonnum gereht: +da men +de hie up mid him l+aden,
gebrengen beforan kyninges gerefan on folcgemote, 
& gerecce hu manige +tara sien; & hie nimen +ta men
mid him +te hie m+agen eft to folcgemote
to ryhte brengan.
<R 34.1>
& +tonne him +dearf sie ma manna up mid him to habbanne on
hiora fore, gecy+de symle, swa oft swa him
+dearf sie, in gemotes gewitnesse cyninges gerefan.
<R 35>
Gif mon cierliscne mon gebinde unsynnigne, gebete mid X
scillingum.
<R 35.1>
Gif hine mon beswinge, mid XX scillingum gebete.
<R 35.2>
Gif he hine on hengenne alecgge, mid XXX scillingum gebete.
<R 35.3>
Gif he hine on bismor to homolan bescire, mid X scillingum
gebete.
<R 35.4>
Gif he hine to preoste bescire unbundenne, mid XXX scillingum
gebete.
<R 35.5>
Gif he +done beard ofascire, mid XX scillingum gebete.
<R 35.6>
Gif he hine gebinde & +tonne to preoste bescire, mid LX
scillingum gebete.
<R 36>
Eac is funden: gif mon hafa+d spere ofer eaxle, & hine mon on
asnase+d, gielde +tone wer butan wite.
<R 36.1>
Gif beforan eagum asnase, gielde +tone wer; gif hine mon tio
gewealdes on +d+are d+ade, getriowe 
<P 70>
hine 
be +tam wite & mid +dy +t+at wite afelle, gif se ord sie ufor
+tonne hindeweard sceaft.
<R 36.2>
Gif hie sien bu gelic, ord & hindeweard sceaft, +t+at sie
butan pleo.
<R 37>
Gif mon wille of boldgetale in o+der boldget+al hlaford
secan, do +d+at mid +d+as ealdormonnes gewitnesse, 
+te he +ar in his scire folgode.
<R 37.1>
Gif he hit butan his gewitnesse do, geselle se +te hine to
men feormie CXX scillinga to wite: d+ale 
he hw+a+dre +d+at, healf cyninge in +da scire +de he +ar
folgode, healf in +ta +de he oncym+d.
<R 37.2>
Gif he hw+at yfla gedon h+abbe +d+ar he +ar w+as, bete +d+at
se +de hine +donne to men onfo, & cyninge CXX scillinga 
to wite.
<R 38>
Gif mon beforan cyninges ealdormen on gemote gefeohte, bete
wer & wite, swa hit ryht sie, & beforan 
+tam CXX scillinga +dam ealdormen to wite.
<P 72>
<R 38.1>
Gif he folcgemot mid w+apnes bryde ar+are, +dam ealdormen
hundtwelftig scillinga to wite.
<R 38.2>
Gif +dises hw+at beforan cyninges ealdormonnes gingran
gelimpe o+d+de cyninges preoste, XXX scillinga to wite.
<R 39>
Gif hwa on cierlisces monnes flette gefeohte, mid syx
scillinga gebete +dam ceorle.
<R 39.1>
Gif he w+apne gebrede & no feohte, sie be healfum +dam.
<R 39.2>
Gif syxhyndum +tissa hw+a+der gelimpe, +driefealdlice arise
be +d+are cierliscan bote, twelfhyndum men twyfealdlice 
be +t+as syxhyndan bote.
<R 40>
Cyninges burgbryce bi+d CXX scillinga +arcebiscepes
hundnigontig scillinga, o+dres biscepes & ealdormonnes 
LX scillinga, twelfhyndes monnes XXX scillinga syxhyndes
monnes XV scillinga; ceorles edorbryce V scillinga.
<P 74>
<R 40.1>
Gif +disses hw+at gelimpe +denden fyrd ute sie, o+d+de in
lenctenf+asten, hit sie twybote.
<R 40.2>
Gif mon in lenctenne halig ryht in folce butan leafe alecgge,
gebete mid CXX scillingum.
<R 41>
Se mon se +de bocland h+abbe, & him his m+agas l+afden,
+tonne setton we, +t+at he hit ne moste sellan of
his m+agburge, gif +t+ar bi+d gewrit o+d+de gewitnes, +d+at
hit +dara manna forbod w+are +te hit on fruman gestrindon 
& +tara +te hit him sealdon, +t+at he swa ne mote.
<R 41.1>
& +t+at +tonne on cyninges & on biscopes gewitnesse gerecce
beforan his m+agum.
<R 42>
Eac we beoda+d: se mon se +de his gefan hamsittendne wite,
+t+at he ne feohte, +ar +dam he him ryhtes bidde.
<R 42.1>
Gif he m+agnes h+abbe, +t+at he his gefan beride & inne
besitte, gehealde hine VII niht inne & hine on
ne feohte, gif he inne ge+dolian wille; & +tonne ymb VII
niht, gif he wille on hand gan & w+apenu sellan, 
gehealde hine XXX nihta gesundne & hine his m+agum
gebodie & his friondum.
<P 76>
<R 42.2>
Gif he +donne cirican geierne, sie +donne be +d+are cirican
are, swa we +ar bufan cw+adon.
<R 42.3>
Gif he +donne +t+as m+agenes ne h+abbe, +t+at he hine inne
besitte, ride to +tam ealdormen, bidde hine fultumes; 
gif he him fultuman ne wille, ride to cyninge, +ar he feohte.
<R 42.4>
Eac swelce, gif mon becume on his gefan, & he hine +ar
hamf+astne ne wite, gif he wille his w+apen sellan, 
hine mon gehealde XXX nihta & hine his freondum gecy+de;
gif he ne wille his w+apenu sellan, +tonne 
mot he feohtan on hine.
Gif he wille on hond gan & his w+apenu sellan, & hwa ofer
+d+at on him feohte, gielde swa wer swa wunde 
swa he gewyrce, & wite & h+abbe his m+ag forworht.
<R 42.5>
Eac we cwe+da+d, +t+at mon mote mid his hlaforde feohtan
orwige, gif mon on +done hlaford fiohte; swa mot 
se hlaford mid +ty men feohtan.
<R 42.6>
+after +t+are ilcan wisan mon mot feohtan mid his geborene
m+age, gif hine mon on woh onfeohte+d, buton
wi+d his hlaforde: +t+at we ne liefa+d.
<R 42.7>
& mon mot feohtan orwige, gif he gemete+d o+terne +at his
+awum wife, betynedum durum o+d+de under anre 
reon, o+d+de +at his dehter +awumborenre o+d+de +at his
swist+ar borenre o+d+de +at his medder +de w+are to +awum
wife forgifen his f+ader.
<P 78>
<R 43>
Eallum frioum monnum +das dagas sien forgifene, butan +teowum
monnum & esnewyrhtan: XII dagas on gehhol 
& +done d+ag +te Crist +done deofol oferswi+dde & sanctus
Gregorius gemyndd+ag & VII dagas to eastron 
& VII ofer & an d+ag +at sancte Petres tide & sancte
Paules & on h+arfeste +da fullan wican +ar sancta 
Marian m+assan & +at Eallra haligra weor+dunge anne
d+ag.
<R 43.1>
& IIII Wodnesdagas on IIII ymbrenwicum +deowum monnum eallum
sien forgifen, +tam +te him leofost sie 
to sellanne +aghw+at +d+as +de him +anig mon for Godes noman
geselle o+d+de hie on +anegum hiora hwilsticcum
geearnian m+agen.
<R 44>
Heafodwunde to bote, gif +da ban beo+d butu +dyrel, XXX
scillinga geselle him mon.
<R 44.1>
Gif +d+at uterre ban bi+d +tyrel, geselle XV scillinga to
bote.
<R 45>
Gif in feaxe bi+d wund inces lang, geselle anne scilling to
bote.
<R 45.1>
Gif beforan feaxe bi+d wund inces lang, twegen scillinga to
bote.
<R 46>
Gif him mon aslea o+ter eare of, geselle XXX scillinga to
bote.
<P 80>
<R 46.1>
Gif se hlyst o+dstande, +t+at he ne m+age gehieran, geselle
LX scillinga to bote.
<R 47>
Gif mon men eage ofaslea, geselle him mon LX scillinga & VI
scillinga & VI p+aningas & +driddan d+al p+aninges to bote.
<R 47.1>
Gif hit in +dam heafde sie, & he noht geseon ne m+age mid,
stande +driddan d+al +t+are bote inne.
<R 48>
Gif mon o+drum +t+at neb ofaslea, gebete him mid LX
scillingum.
<R 49>
Gif mon o+drum +done to+d onforan heafde ofaslea, gebete
+t+at mid VIII scillingum.
<R 49.1>
Gif hit sie se wongto+d, geselle IIII scillinga to bote.
<R 49.2>
Monnes tux bi+d XV scillinga weor+d.
<R 50>
Gif monnes ceacan mon forslih+d, +t+at hie beo+d forode,
gebete mid XV scillingum.
<R 50.1>
Monnes cinban, gif hit bi+d toclofen, geselle mon XII
scillinga to bote.
<R 51>
Gif monnes +drotbolla bi+d +tyrel, gebete mid XII scillingum.
<R 52>
Gif monnes tunge bi+d of heafde o+tres monnes d+adum don,
+t+at bi+t gelic & eagan bot.
<R 53>
Gif mon bi+d on eaxle wund, +t+at +t+at li+dseaw utflowe,
gebete mid XXX scillingum.
<P 82>
<R 54>
Gif se earm bi+d forad bufan elmbogan, +t+ar sculon XV
scillinga to bote.
<R 55>
Gif +da earmscancan beo+d begen forade, sio bot bi+d XXX
scillinga.
<R 56>
Gif se +duma bi+d ofasl+agen, +tam sceal XXX scillinga to
bote.
<R 56.1>
Gif se n+agl bi+d ofaslegen, +dam sculon V scillinga to bote.
<R 57>
Gif se scytefinger bi+d ofaslegen, sio bot bi+d XV scillinga;
his n+agles bi+d III scillinga.
<R 58>
Gif se midlesta finger sie ofaslegen, sio bot bi+d XII
scillinga; & his n+agles bot bi+d II scillinga.
<R 59>
Gif se goldfinger sie ofaslegen, to +tam sculon XVII
scillinga to bote; & his n+agles IIII scillinga
to bote.
<R 60>
Gif se lytla finger bi+d ofaslegen, +dam sceal to bote VIIII
scillinga, & an scilling his n+agles, gif se sie ofaslegen.
<R 61>
Gif mon bi+d on hrif wund, geselle him mon XXX scillinga to
bote.
<R 61.1>
Gif he +durhwund bi+d, +at gehwe+derum mu+de XX scillinga.
<R 62>
Gif monnes +deoh bi+d +tyrel, geselle him mon XXX scillinga
to bote.
<R 62.1>
Gif hit forad sie, sio bot eac bi+d XXX scillinga.
<R 63>
Gif se sconca bi+d +tyrel beneo+dan cneowe, +d+ar sculon XII
scillinga to bote.
<P 84> 
<R 63.1>
Gif he forad sie beneo+dan cneowe, geselle him XXX scillinga
to bote.
<R 64>
Gif sio micle ta bi+d ofaslegen, geselle him XX scillinga to
bote.
<R 64.1>
Gif hit sie sio +afterre ta, XV scillinga to bote geselle him
mon.
<R 64.2>
Gif seo midleste ta sie ofaslegen, +t+ar sculon VIIII
scillinga to bote.
<R 64.3>
Gif hit bi+d sio feor+te ta, +d+ar sculon VI scillinga to
bote.
<R 64.4>
Gif sio lytle ta sie ofaslegen, geselle him V scillinga.
<R 65>
Gif mon sie on +ta her+dan to +dam swi+de wund, +t+at he ne
m+age bearn gestrienan, gebete him +d+at mid LXXX scillinga.
<R 66>
Gif men sie se earm mid honda mid ealle ofacorfen beforan
elmbogan, gebete +d+at mid LXXX scillinga.
<R 66.1>
+aghwelcere wunde beforan feaxe & beforan sliefan & beneo+dan
cneowe sio bot bi+d twysceatte mare.
<R 67>
Gif sio lendenbr+ade bi+d forslegen, +t+ar sceal LX scillinga
to bote.
<R 67.1>
Gif hio bi+d onbestungen, geselle XV scillinga to bote.
<R 67.2>
Gif hio bi+d +durh+dyrel, +donne sceal +d+ar XXX scillinga to
bote.
<R 68>
Gif mon bi+d in eaxle wund, gebete mid LXXX scillinga, gif se
mon cwic sie.
<P 86>
<R 69>
Gif mon o+drum +da hond utan forslea, geselle him XX
scillinga to bote, gif hine mon gelacnian m+age.
<R 69.1>
Gif hio healf onweg fleoge, +tonne sceal XL scillinga to
bote.
<R 70>
Gif mon o+trum rib forslea binnan gehaldre hyde, geselle X
scillinga to bote.
<R 70.1>
Gif sio hyd sie tobrocen, & mon ban ofado, geselle XV
scillinga to bote.
<R 71>
Gif monnes eage him mon ofaslea, o+d+de his hand o+d+de his
fot, +d+ar g+a+d gelic bot to eallum: VI p+aningas 
& VI scillinga & LX scillinga & +driddan d+al p+aninges.
<R 72>
Gif monnes sconca bi+d ofaslegen wi+d +d+at cneou, +d+ar
sceal LXXX scillinga to bote.
<R 73>
Gif mon o+drum +da sculdru forslea, geselle him mon XX
scillinga to bote.
<R 74>
Gif hie mon inbeslea & mon ban ofado, geselle mon +d+as to
bote XV scillinga.
<R 75>
Gif mon +da greatan sinwe forslea, gif hie mon gelacnian
m+age, +t+at hio hal sie, geselle XII scillinga to bote.
<R 75.1>
Gif se mon healt sie for +t+are sinwe wunde, & hine mon
gelacnian ne m+age, geselle XXX scillinga to bote.
<R 76>
Gif +da smalan sinwe mon forslea, geselle him mon VI
scillinga to bote.
<P 88>
<R 77>
Gif mon o+drum +da geweald forslea uppe on +tam sweoran &
forwundie to +tam swi+de, +t+at he nage +t+are geweald, 
& hw+a+dre lifie swa gescended, geselle him mon C
scillinga to bote, buton him witan ryhtre & mare gereccan.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q OX/2 STA LAW INE>
<N LAW INE>
<A X>
<C OX/2>
<O X>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z STAT>

[^B14.4.5^]
<P 88>
+arest we bebeoda+d, +t+atte Godes +deowas hiora ryhtregol on
ryht healdan.
<R 1.1>
+after +tam we bebeoda+d, +t+atte ealles folces +aw & domas
+dus sien gehealdene: 
<P 90>
Cild binnan +dritegum nihta 
sie gefulwad; gif hit swa ne sie, XXX scillinga gebete.
<R 2.1>
Gif hit +donne sie dead butan fulwihte, gebete he hit mid
eallum +dam +de he age.
<R 3>
Gif +deowmon wyrce on Sunnand+ag be his hlafordes h+ase, sie
he frioh, & se hlaford geselle XXX scillinga to wite.
<R 3.1>
Gif +tonne se +deowa butan his gewitnesse wyrce, +tolie his
hyde.
<R 3.2>
Gif +donne se frigea +dy d+age wyrce butan his hlafordes
h+ase, +dolie his freotes.
<R 4>
Ciricsceattas sin agifene be sancte Martines m+assan; gif hwa
+d+at ne gel+aste, sie he scyldig LX scillinga 
be XIIfealdum agife +tone ciricsceat.
<R 5>
Gif hwa sie dea+des scyldig & he cirican geierne, h+abbe his
feorh & bete, swa him ryht wisige.
<R 5.1>
Gif hwa his hyde forwyrce & cirican geierne, sie him sio
swingelle forgifen.
<R 6>
Gif hwa gefeohte on cyninges huse, sie he scyldig ealles his
ierfes, & sie on cyninges dome, hw+a+der he lif age +te nage.
<R 6.1>
Gif hwa on mynster gefeohte, CXX scillinga gebete.
<R 6.2>
Gif hwa on ealdormonnes huse gefeohte o+d+de on o+dres
ge+dungenes 
<P 92>
witan, LX scillinga gebete he & o+ter 
LX geselle to wite.
<R 6.3>
Gif +donne on gafolgeldan huse o+d+de on gebures gefeohte,
CXX scillinga to wite geselle & +tam gebure VI scillinga.
<R 6.4>
& +teah hit sie on middum felda gefohten, CXX scillinga to
wite sie agifen.
<R 6.5>
Gif +donne on gebeorscipe hie geciden, & o+der hiora mid
ge+dylde hit forbere, geselle se o+der XXX scillinga to wite.
<R 7>
Gif hwa stalie, swa his wif nyte & his bearn, geselle LX
scillinga to wite.
<R 7.1>
Gif he +donne stalie on gewitnesse ealles his hiredes, gongen
hie ealle on +deowot.
<R 7.2>
X wintre cniht m+ag bion +dief+de gewita.
<R 8>
Gif hwa him ryhtes bidde beforan hwelcum scirmen o+d+de
o+trum deman & abiddan ne m+age, & him wedd sellan 
nelle, gebete XXX scillinga & binnan VII nihton gedo hine
ryhtes wier+dne.
<R 9>
Gif hwa wrace do, +ar+don he him ryhtes bidde, +t+at 
<P 94>
he him
onnime agife & forgielde & gebete mid XXX scillingum.
<R 10>
Gif hwa binnan +tam gem+arum ures rices reaflac & niedn+ame
do, agife he +done reaflac & geselle LX scillinga to wite.
<R 11>
Gif hwa his agenne geleod bebycgge, +deowne o+d+de frigne,
+deah he scyldig sie, ofer s+a, forgielde hine his were.
<R 12>
Gif +deof sie gefongen, swelte he dea+de, o+d+de his lif be
his were man aliese.
<R 13>
Gif hwa beforan biscepe his gewitnesse & his wed aleoge,
gebete mid CXX scillingum.
<R 13.1>
+deofas we hata+d o+d VII men; from VII hlo+d o+d XXXV;
si+d+dan bi+d here.
<R 14>
Se +de hlo+te betygen sie, geswicne se hine be CXX hida
o+d+de swa bete.
<P 96>
<R 15>
Se +de hereteama betygen sie, he hine be his wergilde aliese
o+d+de be his were geswicne.
<R 15.1>
Se a+d sceal bion healf be huslgengum.
<R 15.2>
+teof, si+d+dan he bi+d on cyninges bende, nah he +ta swicne.
<R 16>
Se +de +deof ofslih+d, se mot gecy+dan mid a+de, +t+at he
hine synnigne ofsloge, nalles +da gegildan.
<R 17>
Se +de forstolen fl+asc finde+d & gedyrne+d, gif he dear, he
mot mid a+de gecy+dan, +t+at he hit age; se +de 
hit ofspyre+d, he ah +d+at meldfeoh.
<R 18>
Cierlisc mon gif he oft betygen w+are, gif he +at si+destan
sie gefongen, slea mon hond o+d+de fot.
<R 19>
Cyninges geneat, gif his wer bi+d twelfhund scillinga, he mot
swerian for syxtig hida, gif he bi+d huslgengea.
<P 98>
<R 20>
Gif feorcund mon o+d+de fremde butan wege geond wudu gonge &
ne hrieme ne horn blawe, for +deof he bi+d 
to profianne: o+d+de to sleanne o+d+de to aliesanne.
<R 21>
Gif mon +donne +t+as ofsl+agenan weres bidde, he mot
gecy+tan, +t+at he hine for +deof ofsloge, nalles +t+as
ofslegenan gegildan ne his hlaford.
<R 21.1>
Gif he hit +donne dierne+d, & weor+de+d ymb long yppe, +donne
ryme+d he +dam deadan to +dam a+de, +t+at hine 
moton his m+agas unsyngian.
<R 22>
Gif +din geneat stalie & losie +de, gif +du h+abbe byrgean,
mana +tone +t+as angyldes; gif he n+abbe, gyld
+du +t+at angylde, & ne sie him no +dy +dingodre.
<R 23>
Gif mon el+deodigne ofslea, se cyning ah tw+adne d+al weres,
+triddan d+al sunu o+d+de m+agas.
<R 23.1>
Gif he +donne m+agleas sie, healf kyninge, healf se gesi+d.
<R 23.2>
Gif hit +donne abbod sie o+d+de abbodesse, d+alen on +ta
ilcan wisan wi+d +tone kyning.
<P 100>
<R 23.3>
Wealh gafolgelda CXX scillinga his sunu C, +deowne LX,
somhwelcne fiftegum; Weales hyd twelfum.
<R 24>
Gif wite+deow Engliscmon hine forstalie, ho hine mon & ne
gylde his hlaforde.
<R 24.1>
Gif hine mon ofslea, ne gylde hine mon his m+agum, gif hie
hine on XII mon+dum ne aliesden.
<R 24.2>
Wealh, gif he hafa+d V hida, he bi+d syxhynde.
<R 25>
Gif ciepemon uppe on folce ceapie, do +t+at beforan
gewitnessum.
<R 25.1>
Gif +diefefioh mon +at ciepan befo, & he hit n+abbe beforan
godum weotum geceapod, gecy+de hit be wite, 
+t+at he ne gewita ne gestala n+are, o+d+de gielde to wite
VI & XXX scillinga.
<R 26>
To fundes cildes fostre, +dy forman geare geselle VI
scillinga, +dy +afterran XII, +dy +driddan XXX, si+d+dan 
be his wlite.
<R 27>
Se +de dearnenga bearn gestriene+d & gehile+d, nah se his
dea+des wer, ac his hlaford & se cyning.
<R 28>
Se +deof gefeh+d, ah X scillinga, & se cyning +done +deof; &
+ta m+agas him swerian a+das unf+ah+da.
<R 28.1>
Gif he +donne o+dierne & orige weor+de, +tonne bi+d he wites
scyldig.
<P 102>
<R 28.2>
Gif he onsacan wille, do he +d+at be +dam feo & be +dam wite.
<R 29>
Gif mon sweordes onl+ane o+dres esne, & he losie, gielde he
hine +driddan d+ale; gif mon spere selle, healfne; 
gif he horses onl+ane, ealne he hine gylde.
<R 30>
Gif mon cierliscne monnan fliemanfeorme teo, be his agnum
were geladige he hine; gif he ne m+age, gielde 
hine his agne were; & se gesi+dmon swa be his were.
<R 31>
Gif mon wif gebyccge, & sio gyft for+d ne cume, agife +t+at
feoh & forgielde & gebete +tam byrgean, swa his borgbryce sie.
<R 32>
Gif Wilisc mon h+abbe hide londes, his wer bi+d CXX
scillinga; gif he +tonne healfes h+abbe, LXXX scillinga; 
gif he n+anig h+abbe, LX scillinga.
<R 33>
Cyninges horswealh, se +de him m+age ge+arendian, +d+as
wergield bi+d CC scillinga.
<R 34>
Se +de on +d+are fore w+are, +t+at mon monnan ofsloge,
getriewe hine +d+as sleges & +da fore gebete be +d+as 
ofslegenan wergielde: 
<P 104>
Gif his wergield sie CC scillinga,
gebete mid L scillingum, & +dy ilcan ryhte
do man be +dam deorborenran.
<R 35>
Se +de +deof slih+d, he mot a+de gecy+dan, +t+at he hine
fleondne for +deof sloge, & +t+as deadan m+agas him 
swerian unceases a+d.
Gif he hit +tonne dierne, & sie eft yppe, +tonne forgielde he
hine.
<R 35.1>
Gif mon to +tam men feoh geteme, +de his +ar o+dswaren h+afde
& eft o+dswerian wille, o+dswerige be +dam wite 
& be +d+as feos weor+de; gif he o+dswerian nylle, gebete
+tone m+anan a+d twybote.
<R 36>
Se +de +deof gefeh+d, o+d+de him mon gefongenne agif+d, & he
hine +tonne al+ate, o+d+de +ta +dief+de gedierne, 
forgielde +tone +teof his were.
<R 36.1>
Gif he ealdormon sie, +dolie his scire, buton him kyning
arian wille.
<R 37>
Se cirlisca mon, se +de oft betygen w+are +dief+de, & +tonne
+at si+destan synnigne gefo in ceape o+d+de elles 
+at openre scylde , slea him mon hond of o+d+de fot.
<R 38>
Gif ceorl & his wif bearn h+abben gem+ane, & fere se ceorl
for+d, h+abbe sio modor hire bearn & fede: 
agife hire 
<P 106>
mon VI scillinga to fostre, cu on sumera, oxan on
wintra; healden +ta m+agas +tone frumstol, 
o+d +d+at hit gewintred sie.
<R 39>
Gif hwa fare unaliefed fram his hlaforde o+d+de on o+dre
scire hine bestele, & hine mon geahsige, fare 
+t+ar he +ar w+as & geselle his hlaforde LX scillinga.
<R 40>
Ceorles wor+dig sceal beon wintres & sumeres betyned; gif he
bi+d untyne+d, & rec+d his neahgebures ceap 
in on his agen geat, nah he +at +tam ceape nan wuht: adrife
hine ut & +dolie +afwerdlan.
<R 41>
Borges mon mot o+dsacan, gif he wat, +t+at he ryht de+d.
<R 42>
Gif ceorlas g+arstun h+abben gem+anne o+d+de o+ter gedalland
to tynanne, & h+abben sume getyned hiora d+al, 
sume n+abben, & etten hiora gem+anan +aceras o+d+de g+ars,
gan +ta +tonne, +te +d+at geat agan, & gebete +tam
o+drum +te hiora d+al getynedne h+abben, +tone +awerdlan +te
+d+ar gedon sie.
abidden him +at +tam ceape swylc ryht swylce hit kyn sie.
<R 42.1>
Gif +tonne hry+dera hwelc sie +te hegas brece & ga in
gehw+ar, & se hit nolde gehealdan, se hit 
<P 108>
age o+d+de 
ne m+age, nime se hit on his +acere mete & ofslea; & nime
se agenfrigea his fel & fl+asc & +tolie +t+as o+dres.
<R 43>
+donne mon beam on wuda forb+arne, & weor+de yppe on +tone
+de hit dyde, gielde he fulwite: geselle LX scillinga; 
for+tam+te fyr bi+d +teof.
<R 43.1>
Gif mon afelle on wuda wel monega treowa, & wyr+d eft
undierne, forgielde III treowu +alc mid XXX scillingum; 
ne +dearf he hiora ma geldan, w+are hiora swa fela
swa hiora w+are: for+ton sio +asc bi+d melda, nalles +deof.
<R 44>
Gif mon +tonne aceorfe an treow, +t+at m+age XXX swina
undergestandan, & wyr+d undierne, geselle LX scillinga.
<R 44.1>
Gafolhwitel sceal bion +at hiwisce VI p+aninga weor+d.
<R 45>
Burgbryce mon sceal betan CXX scillinga kyninges & biscepes,
+t+ar his rice bi+d; ealdormonnes LXXX scillinga; 
cyninges +degnes LX scillinga; gesi+dcundes monnes
landh+abbendes XXXV; & bi +don ansacan.
<R 46>
+donne mon monnan betyh+d, +t+at he ceap forstele o+d+de
forstolenne gefeormie, +tonne sceal he be LX hida 
onsacan +t+are +tief+de, gif he a+dwyr+de bi+d.
<P 110>
<R 46.1>
Gif +donne Englisc onstal ga for+d, onsace +tonne be
twyfealdum; gif hit +donne bi+d Wilisc onstal, ne 
bi+d se a+d na +dy mara.
<R 46.2>
+alc mon mot onsacan frym+te & werf+ah+de, gif he m+ag o+d+de
dear.
<R 47>
Gif mon forstolenne ceap befeh+d, ne mot hine mon tieman to
+deowum men.
<R 48>
Gif hwelc mon bi+d wite+deow niwan ge+deowad, & hine mon
betyh+d, +t+at he h+abbe +ar ge+diefed, +ar hine mon 
ge+deowode, +tonne ah se teond ane swingellan +at him:
bedrife hine to swingum be his ceape.
<R 49>
Gif mon on his m+astenne unaliefed swin gemete, genime +tonne
VI scillinga weor+d wed.
<R 49.1>
Gif hie +tonne +t+ar n+aren oftor +tonne +ane, geselle
scilling se agenfrigea & gecy+de, +t+at hie +t+ar oftor 
ne comen, be +t+as ceapes weor+de.
<R 49.2>
Gif hi +d+ar tuwa w+aren, geselle twegen scillinga.
<R 49.3>
Gif mon nime +afesne on swynum: +at +tryfingrum +t+at
+dridde, +at twyfingrum +t+at feor+de, +at +tymelum +t+at 
fifte.
<R 50>
Gif gesi+dcund mon +tinga+d wi+d cyning o+d+de wi+d kyninges
ealdormonnan for his inhiwan 
<P 112>
o+d+de wi+d his hlaford 
for +deowe o+d+de for frige, nah he +t+ar nane
witer+adenne, se gesi+d, for+don he him nolde +ar yfles
gestieran +at ham.
<R 51>
Gif gesi+dcund mon landagende forsitte fierd, geselle CXX
scillinga & +dolie his landes; unlandagende 
LX scillinga; cierlisc XXX scillinga to fierdwite.
<R 52>
Se +de diernum ge+dingum betygen sie, geswicne hine be CXX
hida +tara ge+dingea o+d+de CXX scillinga geselle.
<R 53>
Gif mon forstolenne man befo +at o+trum, & sie sio hand
o+dcwolen, sio hine sealde +tam men +te hine mon 
+atbefeng, tieme +tonne +tone mon to +t+as deadan byrgelse,
swa o+der fioh swa hit sie, & cy+de on +tam a+de 
be LX hida, +t+at sio deade hond hine him sealde.
+tonne h+af+d he +t+at wite afylled mid +ty a+de, agife +tam
agendfrio +tone monnan.
<R 53.1>
Gif he +tonne wite, hwa +d+as deadan ierfe h+abbe, tieme
+tonne to +tam ierfe & bidde +da hond +te +t+at ierfe 
hafa+d, +t+at he him gedo +tone ceap unbeceasne o+t+te
gecy+de, +t+at se deada n+afre +t+at ierfe ahte.
<R 54>
Se +te bi+d werf+ah+de betogen & he onsacan wille +t+as
sleges mid a+de, +tonne sceal bion on +t+are hyndenne 
an kyning+ade be XXX hida, swa be gesi+dcundum 
<P 114>
men swa be
cierliscum, swa hw+a+ter swa hit sie.
<R 54.1>
Gif hine mon gilt, +tonne mot he gesellan on +tara hyndenna
gehwelcere monnan & byrnan & sweord on +t+at 
wergild, gif he +dyrfe.
<R 54.2>
Wite+deowne monnan Wyliscne mon sceal bedrifan be XII hidum
swa +deowne to swingum, Engliscne be feower & XXX hida.
<R 55>
Ewo bi+d mid hire giunge sceape scilling weor+d o+t+t+at XII
niht ofer eastran.
<R 56>
Gif mon hwelcne ceap gebyg+d & he +donne onfinde him hwelc
unh+alo on binnan XXX nihta, +tonne weorpe 
+tone ceap to honda; o+d+de swerie, +t+at he him nan facn on
nyste, +ta he hine him sealde.
<R 57>
Gif ceorl ceap forstil+d & bire+d into his +arne, & befeh+d
+t+arinne mon, +tonne bi+d se his d+al synnig butan 
+tam wife anum, for+don hio sceal hire ealdore hieran:
gif hio dear mid a+de gecy+dan, +t+at hio +t+as
forstolenan ne onbite, nime hire +driddan sceat.
<R 58>
Oxan horn bi+d X p+aninga weor+d.
<P 116>
<R 59>
Cuuhorn bi+d twegea p+aninga; oxan t+agl bi+d scillinges
weor+d, cus bi+d fifa; oxan eage bi+d V p+aninga 
weor+d, cus bi+d scillinges weor+t.
<R 59.1>
Mon sceal simle to beregafole agifan +at anum wyrhtan VI
w+aga.
<R 60>
Se ceorl se +de h+af+d o+dres geoht ahyrod, gif he h+abbe
ealle on fo+dre to agifanne, gesceawige mon, agife 
ealle; gif he n+abbe, agife healf on fodre, healfe on
o+trum ceape.
<R 61>
Ciricsceat mon sceal agifan to +tam healme & to +tam heor+de,
+te se mon on bi+d to middum wintra.
<R 62>
+tonne mon bi+d tyhtlan betygen, & hine mon bedrife+d to
ceape, nah +tonne self nane wiht to gesellanne 
beforan ceape.
+tonne g+a+d o+der mon, sele+d his ceap fore, swa he +tonne
ge+tingian m+age, on +da r+adenne, +te he him ga 
to honda, o+d +d+at he his ceap him geinnian m+age.
+tonne betyh+d hine mon eft o+tre si+de & bedrif+d to ceape.
gif hine for+d nele forstandan se +de him +ar ceap
foresealde, & he hine +tonne forfeh+d, +tolige +tonne 
his ceapes se, +de he him +ar foresealde.
<P 118>
<R 63>
Gif gesi+dcund mon fare, +tonne mot he habban his gerefan mid
him & his smi+d & his cildfestran.
<R 64>
Se +de h+af+d XX hida, se sceal t+acnan XII hida gesettes
landes, +tonne he faran wille.
<R 65>
Se +de h+af+d X hida, se sceal t+acnan VI hida gesettes
landes.
<R 66>
Se +de h+abbe +treora hida, t+acne o+tres healfes.
<R 67>
Gif mon ge+tinga+d gyrde landes o+t+te mare to r+adegafole &
geere+d, gif se hlaford him wile +t+at land ar+aran 
to weorce & to gafole, ne +tearf he him onfon, gif he
him nan botl ne sel+d, & +tolie +tara +acra.
<R 68>
Gif mon gesi+dcundne monnan adrife, fordrife +ty botle, n+as
+t+are setene.
<R 69>
Sceap sceal gongan mid his fliese o+d midne sumor; o+d+de
gilde +t+at flies mid twam p+aningum.
<R 70>
+at twyhyndum were mon sceal sellan to monbote XXX scillinga,
+at VI hyndum LXXX scillinga, +at XII hyndum CXX scillingum.
<R 70.1>
+at X hidum to fostre X fata hunies, CCC hlafa, XII ambra
Wilisc eala+d, XXX hluttres, tu eald hri+deru 
o+d+de X we+deras, X gees, XX henna, X 
<P 120>
cesas, amber fulne
buteran, V leaxas, XX pundw+aga fo+dres & hundteontig +ala.
<R 71>
Gif mon sie wertyhtlan betogen & he hit +tonne geondette
beforan a+de & onsace +ar, bide mon mid +t+are
witer+adenne, o+d +d+at se wer gegolden sie.
<R 72>
Gif mon wergild+deof gefeh+d, & he losige +dy d+age +tam
monnum +de hine gefo+d, +teah hine mon gefo ymb niht, 
nah him mon mare +at +donne fulwite.
<R 73>
Gif hit bi+d niht eald +tief+d, gebeten +ta +tone gylt +te
hine gefengon, swa hie ge+tingian m+agen wi+d cyning 
& his gerefan.
<R 74>
Gif +deowwealh Engliscne monnan ofslih+d, +tonne sceal se +de
hine ah weorpan hine to honda hlaforde &
m+agum o+d+de LX scillinga gesellan wi+d his feore.
<R 74.1>
Gif he +tonne +tone ceap nelle foregesellan, +tonne mot hine
se hlaford gefreogean; gielden si+d+dan his 
m+agas +tone wer, gif he m+agburg h+abbe freo; gif he
n+abbe, heden his +ta gefan.
<P 122>
<R 74.2>
Ne +tearf se frige mid +tam +teowan m+ag gieldan, buton he
him wille f+ah+de ofaceapian, ne se +teowa mid
+ty frigean.
<R 75>
Gif mon ceap befeh+t forstolenne, & sio hond tiem+d +tonne,
sio hine mon +atbefeh+t, to o+trum men, gif 
se mon hine +tonne onfon ne wille & s+ag+t, +t+at he him
n+afre +t+at ne sealde, ac sealde o+ter, +tonne mot 
se gecy+dan, se +de hit tiem+t to +t+are honda, +t+at he him
nan o+der ne sealde buton +t+at ilce.
<R 76>
Gif hwa o+dres godsunu slea o+d+de his godf+ader, sie sio
m+agbot & sio manbot gelic; weaxe sio bot be 
+dam were, swa ilce swa sio manbot de+d +te +tam hlaforde
sceal.
<R 76.1>
Gif hit +tonne kyninges godsunu sie, bete be his were +tam
cyninge swa ilce swa +t+are m+ag+te.
<R 76.2>
Gif he +tonne on +tone geonbyrde +te hine slog, +tonne
+atfealle sio bot +t+am godf+ader, swa ilce swa +t+at
wite +tam hlaforde de+d.
<R 76.3>
Gif hit biscepsunu sie, sie be healfum +tam.



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[^TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 2 (HARMER).
SELECT ENGLISH HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS
OF THE NINTH AND TENTH CENTURIES.
ED. F. E. HARMER.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 
1914.
NO. 4, 7, 18.

TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 2 (ROBERTSON).
ANGLO-SAXON CHARTERS.
ED. A. J. ROBERTSON.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 
1939.
NO. 10, 6, 16, 26.

TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 2 (SWEET-WHITELOCK).
SWEET'S ANGLO-SAXON READER IN PROSE 
AND VERSE. REVISED BY D. WHITELOCK.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1967 (1876).
NO. 35.

PP. 7.3    - 8.7    (4) (SAMPLE 1) (HARMER)
PP. 10.14  - 11.2   (7)
P.  16.5   - 16.12  (10)           (ROBERTSON)
P.  10.1   - 10.26  (6)
PP. 28.18  - 30.11  (16)(SAMPLE 2)
P.  205.1  - 205.17 (35)           (SWEET-WHITELOCK)
PP. 30.17  - 32.25  (18)(SAMPLE 3) (HARMER)
P.  52.1   - 52.32  (26)(SAMPLE 4) (ROBERTSON)^]


<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B15.2.4^]
<P 7>
Ic Lufa mid Godes gefe (\ancilla Dei\) wes soecende &
smeagende ymb mine saul+dearfe mid Ceolno+des +arcebiscopes 
ge+deahte & +dara hiona et Cristes cirican.
<R 3>
Willa ic gesellan of +dem +arfe +de me God forgef & mine
friond to gefultemedan +elce gere LX ambra 
maltes & CL hlafa, L hwitehlafa, CXX
elmeshlafes, an hri+der, an suin, IIII we+dras, II 
w+ege spices & ceses, +dem higum to Cristes circcan for mine
saule & minra frionda & mega +de me to
gode gefultumedan & +d+et sie simle to adsumsio Sanct+a Marie
ymb XII mona+d.
<R 9>
End sue eihwelc mon swe +dis lond hebbe minra +arbenumena
+dis agefe & mittan fulne huniges, X goes, 
XX henfuglas.
<R 12>
Ic Ceolno+d mid Godes gefe ercebiscop mid Cristes rode tacne
+dis festnie & write.
<R 14>
Beagmund preost ge+dafie & mid write.
<R 15>
Beornfri+d preost ge+dafie & mid write.
[^THE LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED^]
<R 16>
Ic Luba ea+dmod Godes +diwen +das forecwedenan god & +das
elmessan gesette & gefestnie ob minem erfelande 
et Mundlingham +dem hiium to Cristes cirican.
<R 18>
& ic bidde, & an Godes 
<P 8>
libgendes naman bebiade +d+am men +de
+dis land & +dis erbe hebbe et Mundlingham, 
+det he +das god for+dleste o+d wiaralde ende.
<R 21>
Se man se +dis healdan wille & lestan +det ic beboden hebbe an
+disem gewrite, se him seald & gehealden 
sia hiabenlice bledsung.
<R 23>
Se his ferwerne o+d+de hit agele, se him seald & gehealden
helle wite, bute he to fulre bote gecerran 
wille Gode & mannum.
(\Uene ualete.\)

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[^B15.2.6^]
<P 10>
<R 1>
+dis is ge+dinge Eadwaldes Osheringes & Cyne+dry+de,
E+delmodes lafe aldormonnes, ymbe +det lond et Cert 
+de hire E+delmod hire hlabard salde.
<R 3>
Wes hit becueden Osbearte his bro+dar suna, gif he
Cyne+dry+de oferlifde, & si+d+dan neniggra meihanda
ma +des cynnes.
<R 5>
Ac hia hit atuge yfter hira dege swe hit him boem rehtlicast
& elmestlicast were.
<R 7>
+donne hebfa+d Eadwald & Cyne +das wisan +dus fundene mid
hira friandum.
<R 8>
Gib Eadweald leng lifige +donne Cyne+dry+d, geselle et +dem
londe et Cert X +dusenda.
<R 9>
Gif he gewite er +donne hia, his barna sue hwelc sue lifes
sie agefe +det feoh ond atee sue hit soelest 
sie for +da hit begetan.
<R 11>
Nis E+delmode enig meghond neor +des cynnes +danne Eadwald,
his modar his bro+dar dohtar, mest cyn +det 
he +det lond hebbe & his beorn yfter him, & sue ateon sue
him [{nytlicast{] +dynce for +da +de hit mid
reohte begetan.
<P 11>
<R 16>
(\Ego\) Ceolno+d mid Godes gefe ercebisceop +tis mid Christus
rode tacne festnie & write.
[^THE LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED^]

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[^B15.1.14^]
<P 16>
<R 3.1>
   +dis siondan +des landes boec et Wassingwellan +det
E+delbearht cyning Wullafe sealde his +degne wi+d 
o+drum sue miclum lande et Mersaham.
<R 3.3>
Se cyning sealde & gebocade Wullafe fif sulung landes et
Wassingwellan wi+d +dem fif sulungum et 
Mersaham.
<R 3.4>
& se cyning dyde +det land et Mersaham him to folclande +da
hie +dem landum iehwerfed hefdan butan
+dem merscum & butan +dem sealtern et Fefresham & butan +dem
wioda +de to +dem sealtern limp+d.

<Q O1/2 XX DOC ROB6>
<N DOC ROB 6>
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[^B15.6.27^]
<P 10>
<R 1>
   Ic Badano+d Beotting cy+do & writan hato hu min willa is 
+det min +arfe lond fere +de ic et 
Ae+deluulfe cyninge beg+at & gebohte mid fullum friodome on 
+ace +arfe, +after minum dege & minra +arfewearda,
+det is mines wifes & minra bearna.
<R 4>
Ic wille +arist me siolfne Gode allmehtgum forgeofan to +dere
stowe +at Cristes cirican & min bearn 
+d+er liffest gedoan & wiib & cild +d+am hlaforde & higum & 
+d+are stowe befestan ober minne dei to fri+de &
to mundbyrde & to hlaforddome on +d+am +dingum +de him +dearf
sie.
<R 9>
& hie brucen londes hiora dei & higon gefeormien to minre tide
sw+a hie soelest +durhtion megen & 
higon us mid heora godcundum godum sw+e gemynen sw+a us arlic &
him +almeslic si+e.
<R 11>
& +donne ofer hiora dei wifes & cilda ic bebeode on Godes
noman +d+at mon agefe +d+at lond inn higum to
heora beode him to brucanne on ece +arfe sw+a him liofast sie.
<R 14>
& ic biddo higon for Godes lufe +d+at se monn se higon londes
unnen to brucanne +da ilcan wisan leste
on sw+asendum to minre tide & +da godcundan lean minre saule
mid gerece sw+e hit mine +arfenuman +ar 
onstellen.
<R 18>
+donne is min willa +d+at +dissa gewriota sien twa gelice,
o+der habben higon mid boecum o+der mine 
+arfeweardas heora dei.
<R 20>
+donne is +des londes +de ic higum selle, XVI gioc +ar+de
londes & medwe all on +ace +arfe to brucanne ge
minne dei ge +after sw+a to ationne sw+a me mest red & liofast
sie.
<R 23>
Ceolno+d (\arc~ episc~\) +diss writo & festni+e mid Cristes 
rode tacne.
<R 24>
Alchhere (\dux\) +diss writo & +deafi+e.
<R 25>
B+agmund (\prb~ ab~\) +diss writo & +deafi+e.
<R 26>
Hyseno+d (\pr~\) +diss writo & +deafie.
[^THE LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED^]

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O2 XX DOC ROB16>
<N DOC ROB 16>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
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<D AM>
<V PROSE>
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<Z X>

[^B15.3.5^]
<P 28>
<R 1>
   In usses Dryhtnes noman H+alendes Cristes ic Uuerfri+t
biscop mid alles +d+as heoredes leafe on 
Weogornaceastre ge gunges ge aldes selle Cyneswi+te mire megan
+dreora hida lond on Alhmundingtune +daes
fif hida +de higen me gebocedan aer on +dreora monna d+ag.
<R 5>
Nu gewrite ic hit eft hire mid hina leafe +daet +dreora hida
lond on +dreora monna daeg.
<R 6>
& heo h+abbe +da wuduraeddenne in +d+am wuda +de +da ceorlas
bruca+t.
<R 7>
& ec ic hire lete to +daet ceorla graf to sundran.
<R 8>
& elles +d+at twega hida lond & +da ceorlas & se Alhmunding
snaed here into Preosdabyrig +da hwile 
hit unagaen seo.
<R 10>
Ond Cyneswi+d hit to n+angum o+trum men ne lete +da hwile hit
unag+an se butun to hire bearna sumum, 
swa hweolcum swa heo +donne wille, gif heo lifigen.
<R 12>
Gif heo +donne ne 
<P 30>
lifigen lete hit to sweolcum hire mega
swelce hit hire to geearnigan wille.
<R 14>
Ond ic Uuerfri+d biscop biddu & halsigu +d+at +dis +dreora
hida lond & ec +d+at twega +donne hit ag+an seo
+d+at hit se agefen into Clife to +d+am biscoprice butan
eghweolcum wi+dercwide.
<R 17>
Ond ec ic Uuerfri+t biscop & all higen halsiga+t usse
+aterfylgend +d+at heora n+anig +das gefe gewonige
+ar hit swa ag+an se swa hit on +dissum gewrite stonde+t.
<R 19>
& all higen eodan to minum bure on Weogornaceastre & me
saldan heora hondsetene +disse 
geraednesse.
<R 21>
+dara noman her beneo+tan awriten stonda+t.
<R 22>
& heo hit haebben eghw+as to freon butun agefen elce gere
+dreo mittan hw+ates to ciricsceatte to 
Clife.

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[^B16.6.5^]
<P 205>
<R 1>
   (\In nomine Domini nostri Ihesu Christi\) Ic Aelfred 
aldormon ond Werburg min gefera begetan +das 
bec +at hae+dnum herge mid uncre claene feo, +d+at +donne w+as
mid cl+ane golde.
<R 3>
Ond +d+at wit deodan for Godes lufan ond for uncre saule
+dearfe, ond for +don +de wit noldan +d+at 
+das halgan beoc lencg in +d+are hae+denesse wunaden, ond nu
willa+d heo gesellan inn to Cristes circan
Gode to lofe ond to wuldre ond to weor+dunga, ond his
+drowunga to +doncunga, ond +d+am godcundan 
geferscipe to brucenne +de in Cristes circan d+aghw+amlice 
Godes lof r+ara+d, to +d+am gerade +d+at heo mon 
arede eghwelce mona+de for Aelfred ond for Werburge ond for
Alh+dry+de, heora saulum to ecum 
lecedome, +da hwile +de God gesegen haebbe +d+at fulwiht +at 
+deosse stowe beon mote.
<R 13>
Ec swelce ic Aelfred (\dux\) ond Werburg bidda+d ond
halsia+d on Godes almaehtiges noman ond on allra
his haligra +d+at n+anig mon seo to +don gedyrstig +d+atte
+das halgan beoc aselle o+d+de a+deode from 
Cristes circan +da hwile +de fulwiht [{stondan{] [{mote{] .

<S SAMPLE 3>
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<N DOC HARM 18>
<A X>
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[^B15.5.7^]
<P 30>
<R 1>
Leof, ic +de cy+de hu hit w+as ymb +d+at lond +at Funtial +da
fif hida +de +a+delm Higa ymb spyc+d.
<R 2>
+da Helmstan +da und+ade gedyde +d+at he +a+deredes belt
forst+al, +da ongon Higa him specan sona on mid o+dran 
onspecendan & wolde him o+dflitan +d+at lond.
<R 5>
+da sohte he me & b+ad me +d+at ic him w+are forespeca,
for+don ic his h+afde +ar onfongen +at biscopes honda 
+ar he +da und+ade gedyde.
<R 7>
+da sp+ac ic him fore & +dingade him to +alfrede cinge.
<R 8>
+da, God forgelde his saule, +da lyfde he +d+at he moste beon
ryhtes wyr+de for mire forsp+ace & ryhtrace
wi+d +a+delm ymb +d+at lond.
<R 10>
+da het he hie seman, +da w+as ic +dara monna sum +de +d+arto
genemned w+aran, & Wihtbord & +alfric, w+as +da 
hr+al+den, & Byrhthelm & Wulfhun +des blaca +at Sumortune &
Strica & Ubba & ma monna +donne ic nu genemnan 
m+age.
<R 13>
+da reahte 
<P 31>
heora +ag+der his spell, +da +duhte us eallan +d+at
Helmstan moste gan for+d mid +don bocon & geagnigean 
him +d+at lond, +d+at he hit h+afde swa +a+deldry+d
hit Osulfe on +aht gesealde wi+d gemedan feo, & heo 
cw+a+d to Osulfe +d+at heo hit ahte him wel to syllanne
for+don hit w+as hire morgengifu +da heo +arest 
to A+dulfe com.
<R 19>
& Helmstan +dis eal on +don a+de befeng.
& +alfred cing +da Osulfe his hondsetene sealde, +da he +d+at
lond +at +a+deldry+de bohte, +d+at hit swa stondan 
moste, & Eadweard his & +a+delna+d his & Deormod his &
+alces +dara monna +de mon +da habban wolde.
<R 22>
+da we hie +at Weardoran nu semdan, +da b+ar mon +da boc for+d
& r+adde hie, +da stod seo hondseten eal +d+aron.
<R 24>
+da +duhte us eallan +de +at +d+are some w+aran, +d+at
Helmstan w+are a+de +d+as +de near.
<R 26>
+da n+as +a+delm na fullice ge+dafa +ar we eodan in to cinge &
s+adan eall hu we hit reahtan & be hwy we hit 
reahtan.
<R 27>
& +a+delm stod self +d+arinne mid.
<R 28>
& cing stod, +dwoh his honda, +at Weardoran innan +don bure.
<R 29>
+da he +d+at gedon h+afde, +da ascade he +a+delm hwy hit him
ryht ne +duhte +d+at we him gereaht h+afdan, cw+a+d
+d+at he nan ryhtre ge+dencan ne meahte +donne he +done a+d
agifan moste gif he meahte.
<R 32>
+da cw+a+d ic +d+at he wolde cunnigan & b+ad +done cing +d+at
he hit andagade.
<R 33>
& he +da swa dyde.
& he gel+adde +da to +don andagan +done a+d be fullan & b+ad
me +d+at ic him fultemade & cw+a+d +d+at him w+are 
leofre +d+at he [{+d+at{] [{land{] [{me{] [{sealde{] +donne se
a+d forburste o+d+de hit [{+afr{] [{+ade{] .
<R 36>
+da cw+a+d ic +d+at ic him wolde fylstan to ryhte, & n+afre to
nanan wo, on +ta gerada +de he his me u+de.
<R 38>
& he me +d+at on wedde gesealde.
<R 39>
& we ridan +da to +don andagan.
ic & Wihtbord rad mid me & Byrhthelm rad +dider mid +a+delme.
<R 40>
& we gehyrdan ealle +d+at he +done a+d be fulan ageaf.
<R 41>
+da we cw+adan ealle +d+at hit w+are geendodu sp+ac +da se dom
w+as gefylled.
<R 42>
& leof, hwonne bi+d engu sp+ac geendedu gif mon ne m+ag
now+der ne mid feo ne mid a+da geendigan?
<R 44>
O+d+de gif mon +alcne dom wile onwendan +de +alfred cing
gesette, hwonne habbe we +donne gemota+d?
<R 45>
& he me +da boc +da ageaf swa he me on +don wedde +ar geseald
h+afde, sona swa se a+d agifen was.
<R 47>
& ic him gehet +d+at he moste +des londes brucan +da hwile +de
he lifde, gif he hine wolde butan bysmore
gehealdan.
<P 32>
<R 49>
+da onufan +d+at ymban o+der healf gear nat ic hwe+der +de ymb
tua, +da forst+al he +da unl+adan oxan +at Funtial, 
+de he mid ealle fore forwear+d, & draf to Cytlid.
<R 51>
& hine mon +d+ar+at aparade.
& his speremon ahredde +da sporwreclas.
<R 52>
+da he fleah, +da torypte hine an breber ofer +d+at nebb.
<R 53>
+da he +atsacan wolde, +da s+ade him mon +d+at to tacne.
<R 54>
+da swaf Eanulf Penearding on, w+as gerefa, +da genom eal
+d+at yrfe him on +d+at he ahte to Tyssebyrig.
<R 55>
+da ascade ic hine hwy he swa dyde, +da cw+a+d he +d+at he
w+are +deof.
<R 57>
& mon gerehte +d+at yrfe cinge for+don he w+as cinges mon.
& Ordlaf feng to his londe for+don hit w+as his l+an +d+at he
on s+at, he ne meahte na his forwyrcan.
<R 59>
& tu hine hete +da flyman.
<R 60>
+da [{gesohte{] he +dines f+ader lic & brohte insigle to me.
& ic w+as +at Cippanhomme mit te.
<R 61>
+da ageaf ic +d+at insigle +de.
& +du him forgeafe his eard & +da are +de he get on gebogen
h+af+d.
<R 62>
& ic feng to minan londe & sealde hit +don biscope +da on
+dine gewitnesse & +dinra weotena +da fif hida
wi+d +don londe +at Lidgeard wi+d fif hidan.
<R 65>
& biscop & eal hiwan forgeafan me +da feower & an was
teo+dinglond.
<R 66>
+donne, leof, is me micel neod+dearf +d+at hit mote stondan
swa hit nu gedon is & gefyrn w+as.
<R 67>
Gif hit elleshw+at bi+d, +donne sceal ic & wylle beon
gehealden on +don +de +de to +almessan ryht +dinc+d.
<R 70>
& +a+delm Higa eode of +dam geflite +da cing w+as +at
Worgemynster on Ordlafes gewitnesse & on Osfer+des &
on Oddan & on Wihtbordes & on +alfstanes +dys blerian & on
+a+delno+des.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<Q O2 XX DOC ROB26>
<N DOC ROB 26>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.6.46^]
<P 52>
<R 1>
   Ic Wulfgar an +t+as landes +at Collingaburnan ofer minne
d+ag +Affan hiere d+ag.
<R 2>
& heo tilige uncer begea sawla +tearfe gem+anelice +d+aron &
feormige +trie dagas +ta Godes +teowas +t+ar 
min lic reste on +tone gemyndd+ag & selle +tam m+assepreoste 
fif peningas & +tara o+tra +alcum twegen.
<R 5>
& ofer hiere d+ag to Winteceastre +tam niwan hierede for mine
sawle to habbenne & to brucenne & na of
+tam mynstre to sellanne.
<R 7>
& ic an +t+as landes +at Ingepenne ofer minne d+ag +Affan to
brucenne & to bewitanne & +t+at heo h+abbe 
+alce gere to +tam tune ealra gearw+astma +ta +trie d+alas & 
+tone feor+tan to Cynetanbyrig +tam Godes +teowum 
for mine sawle & for mines f+ader & for mines ieldran f+ader.
<R 12>
+tonne ofer hiere d+ag into Cynetanbyrig to +t+are halgan
stowe for Wulfgares sawle +te ic hit in selle
& for Wulfrices & for Wulfheres +te hit +arest begeat to
habbenne & to brucenne & n+afre ut to 
sellanne.
<R 15>
+tonne an ic +t+as landes +at Cr+aft ofer minne d+ag Wynsige &
+Alfsige & ealles +t+as +te ic +t+aron begite.
<R 17>
& ic an +t+as landes +at Denforda ofer minne d+ag +A+telstane
& Cynestane gif hie me o+t +t+at on ryht 
gehiera+t.
<R 18>
& ic an +t+as landes +at Butermere ofer minne d+ag Byrhtsige
twegea hida & Ceolstanes sunum anes gif 
hie me o+d +d+at on ryht gehiera+t.
<R 20>
& ic cwe+te on wordum be +Asc mere on minum geongum magum
swelce me betst gehiera+t.
<R 23>
& ic wille +t+at +Affe feormige of +t+am +trim d+alum +at
Ingepenne +ta Godes +teowas +at Cynetanbyrig +trie 
dagas on twelf mon+tum +anne d+ag for me o+terne for minne
f+ader +triddan for minne ieldran f+ader.
<R 26>
& ic an +t+as landes +at Hamme +Affan ofer minne d+ag.
<R 27>
& heo tilige +t+aron uncer begea sawla +tearfe & feormige
+trie dagas +ta Godes +teowas +t+ar min lic reste
on Eastron & ofer hiere d+ag into Winteceastre to +t+am
ealdan hierede to (\sancte Trinitate\) to 
h+abbenne & to brucenne & n+afre ut to sellanne.
<R 31>
Her swutela+t +t+at Wulfgar geu+te Hamme into ealdan mynstre
+after +Affan d+age hys wifes.



<B COLAECE>
<Q O2 IS HANDM LAECEB>
<N LAECEBOC>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB MEDICINE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  LAECEBOC.
LEECHDOMS, WORTCUNNING, AND STARCRAFT
OF EARLY ENGLAND, VOL. II.
ROLLS SERIES, 35.
ED. O. COCKAYNE.
LONDON, 1865.
PP. 26.6   - 54.24  (BOOK I, II-XI)        (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 174.21 - 204.3  (BOOK II, I-XX)        (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 320.15 - 344.7  (BOOK III, XXII-LX)    (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 352.20 - 358.27 (BOOK III, LXV-LXXIII) (SAMPLE 4)^]

[^INITIAL GRAPHEMES V, W AND WYNN IN WORDS SUCH AS wi+t AND 
vi+t HAVE BEEN CHECKED AGAINST THE MS; THE GRAPHEMES V AND W
HAVE BEEN RETAINED AND WYNN REPRESENTED BY W^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B21.2.1.1.2^]
<P 26>
[}.I.}]
<R 2.1.1>
   L+acedomas wi+t eagna miste, genim cele+tenian seaw o+t+te
blostman, gemeng wi+d dorena hunig, gedo on 
+aren f+at, wlece listum on wearmum gledum o+t+t+at hit
gesoden sie.
<R 2.1.3>
+tis bi+d god l+acedom wi+t eagna dimnesse.
<R 2.1.4>
Wi+t +ton ilcan eft wildre rudan gedeawre & getrifuladre seaw
gemeng wi+d aseownes huniges em micel,
smyre mid +ta eagan.
<R 2.1.5>
Wi+t eagna miste monige men +ty l+as hiora eagan +ta adle
+trowian locia+d on ceald w+ater & +tonne magon 
fyr geseon, ne wyrt +t+at +ta seon.
<R 2.1.7>
Ac micel win gedrinc & o+tre geswette drincan & mettas & +ta
swi+tost +ta +de on +d+are uferan wambe gewunia+d 
& ne magon meltan ac +t+ar yfele w+atan wyrcea+d &
+ticce, por & cawel & eal +ta +te syn swa afer 
sind to fleoganne, & +t+at +te mon on bedde d+ages upweard ne
licge.
<R 2.1.11>
& cyle & wind & rec & dust +tas +ting & +tisum gelic +alce
d+age sce+t+ta+d +tam eagum.
<R 2.1.12>
Wi+t eagna miste genim grenne finul, gedo on w+ater XXX
nihta on +anne croccan +tone +te sie gepicod
utan, gefylle +tonne mid ren w+atere.
<R 2.1.14>
+after +ton aweorpe of +tone finul & mid +ty w+atere +alce
d+age +tweah +ta eagan & ontyne.
<R 2.1.15>
Eft of homena +a+tme & stieme & of wl+atan cym+d 
<P 28>
eagna mist & sio scearpnes & sogo+ta +t+at de+t 
wi+t +ton is +tis to donne.
<R 2.1.17>
Wi+d eagna miste genim cile+tonian seawes cucler fulne
o+terne finoles +triddan aprotanan seawes & huniges 
teares tu cucler m+al, meng tog+adere & +tonne mid
fe+tere gedo in +ta eagan on morgenne & +tonne 
midd+ag sie & eft on +afen +after +ton +tonne +t+at adrugod
sie & togoten.
<R 2.1.20>
For +t+are sealfe scearpnesse genim wifes meoluc +t+as +te
cild h+abbe, do on +ta eagan.
<R 2.2.1>
   Eft +a+tele cr+aft, genim balsami & huniges teares em micel
gemeng tog+adere & smire mid +ty.
<R 2.3.1>
   Eft wi+d +ton ilcan cele+tonian seaw & s+aw+ater, smire mid
+ta eagan & be+de.
<R 2.3.2>
Bi+t +tonne selest +t+at +tu nime +t+are cele+tonian seaw &
mucgwyrte & rudan ealra em fela, do hunig to &
baldsamum gif +tu h+abbe, gedo on +t+at f+at +te +tu hit
m+age on mid gefoge geseo+tan & nytta.
<R 2.3.4>
Wel +t+at bet.
<R 2.4.1>
   Wi+t eagna miste geb+arned sealt & gegniden & wi+t dorena
hunig gemenged, smire mid.
<R 2.5.1>
   Eft finoles & rosan & rudan seaw & doran hunig & ticcenes
geallan tog+adere gemenged, smire mid +ta
eagan.
<R 2.5.2>
Eft grene cellendre gegniden & wi+t wifes meoluc gemenged
alege ofer +ta eagan.
<R 2.6.1>
   Eft haran geallan genime & smire mid.
<R 2.7.1>
   Eft cwice wine winclan geb+arnde to ahsan & +ta ahsan 
gemenge wi+d dorena hunig.
<P 30>
<R 2.8.1>
   Eft ryslas ealra ea fisca on sunnan gemylte & wi+d hunig
gemengde, smire mid.
<R 2.9.1>
   Wi+d eagna miste eft betonican seaw gebeatenre mid hire
wyrttruman & awrungenre & gearwan seaw & cele+tonian 
em micel ealra, meng tog+adere, do on eage.
<R 2.9.3>
Eft finoles wyrttruman gecnuadne gemeng wi+d huniges seaw,
seo+d +tonne +at leohtum fyre listelice o+t 
huniges +ticnesse gedo +tonne on +arene ampullan & +tonne
+tearf sie smire mid.
<R 2.9.5>
+tis todrif+t +ta eahmistas +teah +te hie +ticce synd.
<R 2.10.1>
   Wi+t eagna miste eft cele+tonian seaw o+t+te +tara blostmena
gewring & gemeng wi+d dorena hunig, gedo on 
+aren f+at, wlece +tonne listum on wearmum gledum o+t+te
on ahsan o+t +t+at hit gedon sie.
<R 2.10.3>
+t+at bi+d anspilde lyb wi+t eagena dimnesse.
<R 2.11.1>
   Sume +t+as seawes anlipiges nyttia+d & +ta eagan mid +ty
smiria+d.
Wi+t eagena miste eft eor+difies seaw & finoles seaw, gedo
begea em fela on ampullan, drige +tonne on 
hatre sunnan & +ta eagan inneweard mid +ty smire.
<R 2.11.4>
Wi+t eagena miste eft eor+dgeallan seaw +t+at is hyrdewyrt
smire on +ta eagan.
<R 2.11.5>
Sio syn bi+t +ty scearpre.
Gif +tu hunig to dest +t+at deah.
Genim +tonne +t+are ilcan wyrte godne gelm, gedo on ceac
fulne wines & geseo+t ofnete +ar +try dagas &
+tonne hio gesoden sie, awring +ta wyrt of & +t+as woses
geswettes mid hunige gedrinc +alce d+age neaht 
nestig bollan fulne.
<R 2.12.1>
   Ealdes mannes eagan beo+t unscearpsyno.
+tonne sceal he +ta eagan weccan mid gnidingum, mid gongum,
mid radum o+t+te mid +ty +te hine mon bere 
o+t+te on w+ane ferige.
<R 2.12.3>
& hy sculan nyttian lytlum & forhtlicum metum & hiora heafod
cemban & wermod drincan +ar +ton +te 
<P 32>
hie mete +ticgean.
<R 2.12.4>
+tus mon sceal unscearpsynum sealfe wyrcean to eagum, genim
pipor & gebeat & swegles +appel & hwon
sealt & win.
<R 2.12.6>
+t+at bi+t god sealf.
<R 2.13.1>
   Wi+t miclum eagece, manig man h+af+t micelne ece on his
eagum, wyrc him +tonne grunde swelgean & bisceop 
wyrt & finol, wyl +ta wyrta ealle on w+atre, meoluc bi+d
selre, l+at +t+at reocan on +ta eagan.
<R 2.13.3>
Eft cele+tonian & wudubindels leaf geaces sure wi+d win
gemenge.
<R 2.14.1>
   Eft to miclum eagece cropleac nio+toweard & witm+ares wyrt
nio+toweard cnua on wine.
<R 2.14.2>
L+at standan twa niht.
Wi+d flie eagsealf genim, bromes ahsan & bollan fulne hates
wines, geot +triwa lytlum on hate +ta ahsan 
& do +tonne on +aren f+at o+d+de cyperen, do huniges hwon
to & meng tog+adere, do on +t+as untruman mannes 
eagan & a+tweah eft +ta eagan on cl+anum wylle.
<R 2.14.6>
Wi+t flie haran geallan do wearmne on ymb twa niht flih+d of
+tam eagum.
<R 2.14.7>
Wi+t flie genim onw+are slah, +t+at seaw & wring +turh cla+d
on +t+at eage, sona g+a+d on +trim dagum of gif
sio slah bi+t grene.
<R 2.14.8>
Wi+t flie eced & geb+arned sealt & beren mela, gemeng
tog+adere, do on +t+at eage, hafa lange hwile +tine hand on.
<R 2.15.1>
   Wi+t flie eahsealf, cele+tonian s+ad genim on +tam
wyrttruman, gnid on eald win & on hunig, do pipor,
to l+at standan neahterne be fyre, nytta +tonne +tu slapan
wille.
<R 2.15.3>
Wi+t flie oxan slyppan ni+tewearde & alor rinde wylle on
buteran.
<R 2.16.1>
   Wi+t +ton +de eagan tyren rudan seaw & gate geallan & 
<P 34>
doran hunig ealra em fela.
<R 2.16.2>
Gif eagan tyren, heorotes hornes ahsan do on geswet win.
<R 2.16.3>
Wyrc eagsealfe wi+t w+anne, genim cropleac & garleac begea em
fela, gecnuwa wel tosomne, genim win &
fearres geallan begea em fela, gemeng wi+t +ty leace, do
+tonne on arf+at, l+at standan nigon niht on
+tam arfate, awring +turh cla+t & gehlyttre wel, do on horn
& ymb niht do mid fe+tere on +t+at eage,
se betsta l+acedom.
<R 2.17.1>
   Wi+t wenne on eagon genim +ta holan cersan, gebr+ad, do on
+t+at eage swa he hatost m+age.
<R 2.18.1>
   Wi+t eagece gewyrce him grundswelgean & bisceop wyrt &
beowyrt & finul, wyl +ta wyrta ealle on w+atere, 
meoluc bi+t betere.
<R 2.19.1>
   Wi+t eagna ece genim +ta readan hofan, awyl on surum swatum
o+t+te on surum eala+d & be+te +ta eagan on 
+tam ba+te, betere swa oftor.
<R 2.20.1>
   Wi+t eagece genim wi+towindan twigu, gecnuwa, awylle on
buteran, do on +ta eagan.
<R 2.21.1>
   Wyrc eagsealfe, genim hnutcyrnla & hw+ate corn, gnid
tog+adere, do win to aseoh +turh cla+d, do +tonne
on +ta eagan.
<R 2.21.2>
Wi+t eagna w+arce & ece hwites hlafes cruman & pipor & eced
meng wel, lege on cla+d, bind on +ta eagan nihterne.
<R 2.21.4>
+tus mon sceal eagsealfe wyrcean, genim streawberian wisan
nio+towearde & pipor, gecnuwa wel, do on cla+t, 
bebind f+aste, lege on geswet win, l+at gedreopan on
+ta eagan +anne dropan.
<R 2.21.6>
Wyrc eagsealfe, wudubindes leaf, wudumerce, streawberian
wisan, su+terne wermod, oxna lyb, cele+tonian, 
gecnuwa +ta wyrte swi+de, meng wi+t 
<P 36>
win, do on cyperen
f+at o+t+te on +arenum fate hafa, l+at standan 
seofon niht o+t+te ma, awringe +ta wyrta swi+de cl+ane,
gedo pipor on & geswet swi+te leohtlice mid hunige, 
do si+t+tan on horn & mid fe+tere do on +ta eagan
+anne dropan.
<R 2.21.11>
Wyrc eagsealfe drige genim swegles +appel & swefl, crecisc
attrum, & geb+arned sealt & pipores m+ast, 
gegrind eall to duste, asift +turh cla+d, do on n+asc,
h+abbe him on +ty l+as hit +tine, do medmicel on 
+ta eagan mid to+t gare.
<R 2.21.14>
Gereste him +after & slape & +tonne a+tweah his eagan mid
cl+ane w+atre & on +t+at w+ater locige.
<R 2.21.16>
Wyrc eagsealfe, cymen & streawbergean wise gecnuwa swi+de wel
& of geot mid geswette wine, do in cyperen 
f+at o+d+de on +aren, l+at standan fela nihta on,
awring +ta wyrte +turh cla+d & ahluttra swi+te wel,
do +tonne on +ta eagan +tonne +tu wille restan.
<R 2.21.19>
Gif sio sealf sie to hear geswet mi+d hunige.
<R 2.21.20>
Wi+d +asm+alum genim attrum, gemeng wi+d spatl, +ta eagan
uteweard nal+as innan.
<R 2.22.1>
   Wi+d +asm+alum ni+teweard +asc+trotu gecowen on mu+te &
awringen +turh cla+d on eage gedon wundorlice h+al+t.
<R 2.22.2>
Wi+t +ton +te mon surege sie genim agrimonian, welle swi+te
o+t +triddan d+al, +tweah gelome +ta eagan mid +ty.
<R 2.22.4>
Wi+t pocce on eagum genim wad & ribban & hleomocan, wyl on
meolce, on buteran is betere, & wyrc be+tinge, 
wyl hleomoc & gearwan & wudu cearfillan on meolcum.
<P 38>
<R 2.23.1>
   Wi+t wyrmum on eagum genim beolonan s+ad, scead on gleda, do
twa bleda fulle w+ateres to, sete on twa 
healfe & site +t+ar ofer, br+ad +tonne +t+at heafod hider
& geond ofer +t+at fyr & +ta bleda eac, +tonne sceada+t 
+ta wyrmas on +t+at w+ater.
<R 2.23.4>
Wi+t +teoradle on eagum, +te mon gefigo h+at, on l+aden
hatte (\cimosis\) , h+anne +ages geolocan & merces s+ad 
& attrum & tunmintan.
<R 2.23.6>
Eft wi+d gefigon sceapes hohscancan unsodenne tobrec, gedo
+t+at mearh on +ta eagan.
<R 2.23.7>
Wi+t +ticcum br+awum genim +treo hand fulla mucwyrte, +treo
sealtes, +treo wapan, wylle +tonne o+t +t+at sie
tw+ade bewylled +t+as woses, heald +tonne on cyperenum fate.
<R 2.23.9>
+tam men +te habba+d +ticce br+awas genim cyperen f+at, do
+t+aron lybcorn & sealt gemeng, genim cele+tonian 
& bisceopwyrt & geaces suran & attorla+tan & springwyrt &
englisce moran & hwon r+adices & hrefnes 
fot, aw+asc +tonne ealle, geot +tonne win on l+at standan,
aseoh eft on +t+at cyperene f+at, l+at +tonne 
standan fiftyne niht & +ta derstan beo+t gode.
<R 2.23.14>
Hafa +te cl+ane fletan, do on +t+at f+at +te +ta derstan on
syn swa fela swa +tara flietna +t+ar on clifian 
m+age, screp +tonne of +tam f+ate.
<R 2.23.15>
+t+at bi+t swi+de god sealf +tam men +te h+af+d +ticce
br+awas.
[}.III.}]
<R 3.1.1>
   L+acedomas wi+d eallum earena sare & ece & wi+d earena
adeafunge & gif wyrmas on earan synd o+t+te 
<P 40>
earwicga & gif earan dynien & earsealfa, fiftyne cr+aftas.
<R 3.2.1>
   Wi+t earena sare & ece betonican niwan geworhte +ta leaf 
self gecnuwa on wearmum w+atere, do hwon gerosodes 
eles to, genim +t+at swa wlacu mid +ticre wulle,
drype on +t+at eare.
<R 3.2.3>
Eft wi+t +ton ilcan genim ciepan, geseo+t on ele, drype on
+t+at eare +tone ele.
<R 3.2.4>
Wi+t earw+arce & wi+d deafe hundes tunge & fenminte &
cellendre gecnuwa on win o+t+te on eala, aseoh, do on eare.
<R 3.2.6>
Wi+t +ton ilcan genim h+anne rysele, gemylte & +tonne gedo
wlaco on eare, gedrype on.
<R 3.2.7>
Wi+t +ton ilcan genim ele, genim eac gose rysele, geot on.
<R 3.2.8>
+tonne gewit +t+at sar aweg.
<R 3.3.1>
   Wi+t +ton ilcan genim beolonan seaw, gewlece & +tonne on 
eare gedryp.
<R 3.3.2>
+tonne +t+at sar gestil+d.
<R 3.4.1>
   Wi+t +ton ilcan genim garleac & cipan & gose rysele, 
gemylte tog+adere, wring on eare.
<R 3.5.1>
   Wi+t +ton ilcan genim +ametan +agru, getrifula, wring on
eare.
Wi+d earena sare genim gate geallan, drype on +t+at eare,
meng wi+d cu meoluc gif +tu wille.
<R 3.5.3>
Wi+d earena deafe genim hry+teres geallan wi+t g+aten hland
gemenged, gedrype gewleced on +t+at eare.
<R 3.6.1>
   Wi+t +ton ilcan gif earan willen adeafian o+t+te yfel hlyst
sie genim eofores geallan, fearres geallan, 
buccan geallan, gemeng wi+t hunig ealra em fela, drype on
+t+at eare.
<R 3.7.1>
   Wi+t +ton ilcan gif yfelne hlyst h+abbe ifies seaw +t+as +te
be eor+tan flih+d +t+at cl+anoste seaw gemeng wi+d 
win, drype on eare.
<R 3.8.1>
   Eft ribban seaw & gewlecedne ele tog+adere gemenged drype 
on, wundorlice h+al+d.
<R 3.8.2>
Wi+t +ton ilcan genim rammes 
<P 42>
geallan mid his selfes
nihtnestiges migo+tan, gemenge wi+d buteran, geot
on eare.
<R 3.8.3>
Eft wi+t +ton ilcan hnutbeames rinde seaw gewleced drype on
eare.
<R 3.9.1>
   Wi+t +don ilcan genim celendran seaw grenre meng wi+t wifes
meoluc & huniges dropan & wines gewleht tosamne.
<R 3.9.2>
Vi+t earena adeafunge eft ellencroppan getrifulad, +t+at seaw
wring on +t+at eare.
<R 3.9.3>
Eft wi+t +ton ilcan genim eofores geallan & fearres & buccan,
meng wi+t hunig o+t+te on ele, wring on eare.
<R 3.10.1>
   Eft wi+d +ton ilcan genim grenne +ascenne st+af, lege on 
fyr, genim +tonne +t+at seaw +te him of g+a+t, do 
on +ta ilcan wulle, wring on eare & mid +t+are ilcan wulle
forstoppa +t+at eare.
<R 3.11.1>
   Wi+t +t+at ilce eft genim +ametan hors & cropleac &
neo+towearde ellenrinde o+t+te beolonan & ele, gecnuwa 
tosomne, wyrme on scille, do +tonne on eare +tara readena
+ametena hors, genim +tonne r+adic & eced,
cnuwa tosomne, wring on +t+at eare.
<R 3.11.4>
Gif wyrmas on earan syn genim eor+d geallan grenes seaw
o+t+te hunan seaw o+t+te wermodes seaw swilc +tara 
an swa +tu wille, geot +t+at seaw on +t+at eare.
<R 3.11.6>
+t+at tih+d +tone wyrm ut.
Wyrc sealfe, gecnuwa sinfullan & leo+towyrt & por, gedo
+tonne on gl+as f+at mid ecede & +turh cla+d awring, 
drype on +t+at eare.
<R 3.11.8>
Wi+t +ton gif earan dynien genim ele, do on mid eowocigre
wulle & fordytte +t+at eare mid +t+are wulle 
+tonne +tu slapan wille & do eft of +tonne +tu onw+acne.
<P 44>
<R 3.12.1>
   Eft wi+t +ton ilcan wermod gesodenne on w+atere on niwum
cytele, do of heor+de, l+at reccan +tone steam
on +t+at eare & fordytte mid +t+are wyrte si+t+tan hit
ingegan sie.
<R 3.12.3>
Wi+t earwicgan genim +t+at micle greate windel streaw twyecge
+t+at on wor+tium wix+d, ceow on +t+at eare.
<R 3.12.4>
He bi+d of sona.
[}.IIII.}]
<R 4.1.1>
   L+acedomas wi+d healsgunde & +t+as tacn, hw+a+ter he hit 
sie, & eac wi+d gealhswile & +trotan & wasende, 
wi+t sweorco+te, XIIII cr+aftas.
<R 4.2.1>
   Wi+t healsgunde, +tonne +arest onginne se healsgund wesan
smire hine sona mid hry+teres o+t+te swi+dost 
mid oxan geallan, +t+at is acunnod.
<R 4.2.3>
Ymb feawa niht bi+d hal.
Gif +tu wolde witan hw+a+ter +t+at heals gund sie genim
angeltw+accean gehalne lege on +ta stowe +t+ar hit
a+truten sie & bewreoh f+aste ufan mid leafum.
<R 4.2.5>
Gif hit healsgund bi+d se wyrm wyr+d to eor+tan, gif hit ne
bi+t he bi+t gehal.
<R 4.2.6>
Eft wi+t heals gunde, genim celender & beana tog+adere
gesodene & alege on.
<R 4.2.7>
Sona tofere+t.
Eft l+acedom wi+t +ton ilcan, genim w+aterh+afern geb+arnedne
& +tonne gegniden smale & wi+t hunig gemenged & on gedon.
<R 4.2.9>
Sona bi+d sel.
Wi+t +ton ilcan eft, galbanum hatte su+terne wyrt, lege +ta
on +tone sweorw+arc.
<R 4.2.10>
+tonne atih+d hio mid ealle +ta yfelan w+atan ut & +tone
gund.
<R 4.3.1>
   Wi+t +ton ilcan eft, beren melo & hluttor pic & weax & ele
meng tosomne, seo+t, do cnihtes o+t+te cildes 
mige+tan to, to onlegene do on +tone gund.
<R 4.3.3>
Wi+d heals gunde 
<P 46>
eft, +t+are readan netelan wyrttruman
gesodenne on ecede & gebeatenne & on weaxhlafes wisan on aled.
<R 4.3.4>
Gif se gund bi+t +tonne onginnende sio sealf hine todrif+t,
gif he bi+t eald hio hine ontyn+d.
<R 4.3.5>
& swa astih+d +t+at yfel ut o+t +t+at he hal bi+d.
<R 4.4.1>
   Eft wi+t +ton, manigfeald tacn & l+acedom wi+d healsgunde
o+t+te geaglswile o+d+de +trotan o+t+te wasende, sio 
adl is twegea cynna.
<R 4.4.2>
O+ter is on +tam geagle & +tonne mon +tone mu+t ontyn+d bi+t
gehw+a+ter geswollen & bi+t read ymb +ta hr+actunga 
& ne m+ag se man e+telice e+tian ac bi+t asmorod, ne
m+ag eac naht forswelgan ne wel sprecan ne stemne n+af+t.
<R 4.4.5>
Ne bi+d +teos adl hw+a+tere to frecne.
<R 4.4.6>
O+ter is +tonne on +t+are +trotan bi+t swyle & lyssen, se ne
m+ag naht gecwe+tan & bi+d se swile ge on +tam 
sweoran ge on +t+are tungan, ne m+ag se man wel e+tian ne
+tone sweoran on cerran ne his heafod for+d on 
hyldan +t+at he his nafolan geseon m+age.
<R 4.4.9>
& butan his man ra+tor tilige he bi+t ymb +treo niht gefaren.
<R 4.4.10>
Gif sie +t+are adle bryne innan +t+as strang +t+at mon ne
m+age utan geseon sio bi+t +dy frecenre.
<R 4.4.11>
Gif +tonne sie on gehw+a+tere healfe +ta ceacan aswollen &
sio +trotu & +tu +ta tacn geseo +tonne sona l+at
+tu him blod on +adre.
<R 4.4.13>
Gif +tu +t+at +turhteon ne m+age scearpa him +ta scancan.
<R 4.4.14>
+t+at him deah.
<R 4.5.1>
   Sele him scearpne wyrtdrenc, wyrne him metes.
+after +ton bewind +tone sweoran & lege on l+acedomas +ta +te
utteon +ta yfelan w+atan & +t+at sar.
<R 4.5.3>
+tonne bi+t +t+ar wyrpe wen.
Wyrc him +ta sealfe, genim swines rysle, gesmyre ane brade
pannan innewearde mid +tam rysele, wyl, 
+tonne weorp gose scearn to on +ta pannan & gewlece & +tonne
hit sy gemylt do +tonne on linenne cla+d, 
lege on +t+at sar & beswe+te do, +t+at wel oft on on d+ag.
<R 4.5.6>
& bi+t swa betere swa 
<P 48>
+tu oftor edniwast +ta sealfe & oftor onlegest.
<R 4.5.7>
Sio tih+d +t+at yfel ut.
<R 4.6.1>
   Wi+t healsgunde genim weax & ele, gemeng wi+t rosan 
blostman & gemelt tog+adere, do +t+ar on.
<R 4.6.2>
Wi+t sweorco+te wyrc on lecgende sealfe, genim fearres
gelyndo & beran smeru & weax, ealra em fela,
wyrc to sealfe, smire mid.
<R 4.6.4>
Eft wi+t +ton ilcan, gif +tu finde hwitne hundes +tost, adrige
+tone & gegnid & asyft & geheald +t+at wi+t
+t+are sweorco+te & +tonne +tearf sie meng wi+t hunig,
smire +tone sweoran mid.
<R 4.6.6>
+t+at bi+t strang sealf & god wi+d swelcre ablawunge &
brune+tan & wi+t +tara ceacna geswelle o+d+de asmorunge.
<R 4.6.8>
Sceal +teah se hund ban gnagan +ar, +ty bi+t se +tost hwit &
micel.
Gif +tu hine nimest & gaderast +at fylne +tonne ne bi+t he to
unswete to gestincanne.
<R 4.6.10>
+tonne sceal mon +tone geagl eac swillan gelome on +t+are adle
& swolgettan eced wi+t sealt gemenged.
<R 4.6.11>
Eft fifleafan seawes +try bollan fulle lytle sceal
forcuuolstan.
<R 4.6.12>
Wi+t sweorco+de eft, garleac gegniden on eced +t+at +te sie
wi+t w+ater gemenged, swille +tone geagl mid +ty.
<R 4.6.13>
Wi+t sweorco+te eft, riges seofo+ta seo+t on geswettum
w+atere, swille +ta ceolan mid +ty.
<R 4.6.14>
Gif se sweora sar sie syn eac +ta swillinga hwilum hate.
<R 4.6.15>
+tonne is eac to +tisse adle geset +t+at mon under +t+are
tungan l+ate blod o+t+te of earme & on morgen on sprenge.
<R 4.6.17>
Gif hit +tonne cniht sie l+at on +tam sweoran.
& on +t+are adle is to forwyrnanne wines & fl+asces swi+tost
+ty l+as sio ceole sie aswollen.
[}.V.}]
<R 5.1.1>
   Wi+t +ton gif mannes mu+d sar sie genim betonican &
getrifula, lege on +ta weolore.
<R 5.1.2>
To mu+d sealfe & to 
<P 50>
geblegenadre tungan, fifleafe & brembel
leaf wyl on w+atere, hafa lange on mu+de & gelome.
<R 5.1.3>
Gif monnes ora+d sie ful genim beren mela god & cl+ane hunig
& hwit sealt, gemeng eall tosomne & gnid 
+ta te+t mid swi+de & gelome.
[}.VI.}]
<R 6.1.1>
   L+acedomas wi+t to+d w+arce & wi+t wyrmum, ge wi+t +tam
uferan to+dece ge wi+t +tam ni+teran.
<R 6.2.1>
   Wi+t to+t w+arce betonican seo+d on wine o+t +triddan d+al,
swile +tonne geond +tone mu+d lange hwile.
<R 6.3.1>
   Wi+d to+t w+arce, gif wyrm ete genim eald holen leaf & 
heorot crop neo+teweardne & saluian ufewearde,
bewyl twy d+al on w+atre, geot on bollan & geona ymb.
<R 6.3.3>
+tonne fealla+d +ta wyrmas on +tone bollan.
Gif wyrm ete +ta te+d genim ofer geare holen rinde & eofor
+trotan moran, wel on swa hatum, hafa on
mu+te swa hat swa +tu hatost m+age.
<R 6.3.5>
Wi+t to+d wyrmum genim ac mela & beolonan s+ad & weax, ealra
em fela, meng tosomne, wyrc to weax candelle 
& b+arn, l+at reocan on +tone mu+d.
<R 6.3.7>
Do bl+ac hr+agl under, +tonne fealla+t +ta wyrmas on.
<R 6.4.1>
   Wi+d to+t w+arce geb+arn hwit sealt & garleac, berec on
gledum, gebr+ad & berend & pipor & str+alwyrt, 
gegnid eal tosomne, lege on.
<R 6.5.1>
   Wi+t to+t w+arce, hrefnes fot wel on wine neo+toweardne
o+d+de on ecede, sup swa +du hatost m+age.
<R 6.5.2>
Wi+t to+dw+arce 
<P 52>
hnutbeames rinde & +torn rinde gecnua to
duste, adrig on pannan, sni+d utan +ta te+t, scead on gelome.
<R 6.6.1>
   Wyrc +tus to+tsealfe, ofers+awisc rind & hunig & pipor meng
tosomne, lege on.
<R 6.6.2>
Wyrc eac sealfe of wenwyrte on +ta ilcan wisan.
<R 6.7.1>
   Wi+t +tam uferan to+tece genim wi+towindan leaf, awring on
+ta nosu.
<R 6.7.2>
Wi+t +tam ni+teran to+tece slit mid +te fo+torne o+t +t+at hie
bleden.
<R 6.8.1>
   Eft genim elmes rinde, geb+arn to ahsan, gemeng +ta ahsan
wi+t w+ater & aseoh, hafa +t+at w+ater lange on mu+te.
<R 6.8.2>
Eft genim gearwan, ceow swi+te.
[}.VII.}]
<R 7.1.1>
   Gif mon blode hr+ace genim betonican swilce swa III
penegas gewegen, gegnid on g+ate meolc, sele 
+try dagas +try bollan fulle to drincanne.
[}.VIII.}]
<R 8.1.1>
   Wi+t bl+ace on andwlitan wyl to b+a+te fencersan &
neo+toweardne secg, +ascrinde, earfan, wyl on w+atere
lange, be+te mid.
<R 8.2.1>
   To sealfe wi+t bl+ace on andwlitan, ompran neo+towearde +ta
+te swimme, do sealt to & flietan & +ag.
<R 8.2.2>
Briw wi+t bl+ace on andwlitan, gemelte eald spic, briw on
+ton, do gegrundenne pipor on & cropleac, 
hw+atenes melwes twy d+al swilce +t+as pipores, awyl
[{hw+athwega{] [^TORONTO CORPUS AND COCKAYNE: hr+at
hwega^] , genim +t+as +treo sn+ada, gerest +after wearme.
<R 8.2.5>
Wi+d bl+ace genim heorotes horn, geb+arn to ahsan & swefl &
geb+arned sealt & pic to ahsan & swa oster
scella & gecnuwa ompran smale & gemeng eall to briwe & smire
<P 54>
mid.
<R 8.2.7>
Eft sealf, wel on a+tydum sceapes smeruwe h+ag+tornes
blostman & +ta smalan singrenan & wudurofan, meng 
+tonne hwitcwudu wi+t & hwon buteran.
[}.VIIII.}]
<R 9.1.1>
   Gif men yrne blod of nebbe to swi+de genim grene betonican 
& rudan, gecnuwa on eced.
<R 9.1.2>
Gewring tosomne swilce sie an slah, sting on +ta nosu.
<R 9.1.3>
Blod seten, bisceop wyrt nio+towearde ete o+d+de on meolce
drince.
Blod seten eft, genim hegeclifan, gebinde on sweoran.
<R 9.2.1>
   Blod seten eft, spring wyrt do on eare.
<R 9.3.1>
   Blod seten eft, wegbr+adan do on eare.
<R 9.4.1>
   Blod seten eft, gehal beren ear bestinge on eare swa he 
nyte.
<R 9.4.2>
Sume +tis writa+d, [^4 LINES OMITTED^] 
[{ge{] horse ge men blod seten.
[}.X.}]
<R 10.1.1>
   Wi+t gesnote & geposum genim oxna lyb ni+teweard, gecnuwa 
wel wi+d w+atre, gif hio sie grene ne do +tu
+t+ar w+ater to, wring +tonne on +t+at neb.
[}.XI.}]
<R 11.1.1>
   Wi+t sarum weolorum gesmire mid hunige +ta weoloras, genim
+tonne +agerfelman, bescead mid pipore, lege on.

<S SAMPLE 2>
[^B21.2.1.2.2^]
<P 174>
[} [{I.{] }]
<R 1.1.1>
   +tis sint tacn adlies magan, +arest gelome sp+atunga o+d+de
hr+acunga, cisnes, & se man hine gelome to 
spiwanne & he onfinde+t swile & +t+at +ta oman beo+d inne
betynde +turh +ta ablawunge & him bi+d une+te +turst getenge.
<R 1.1.4>
Eac of +t+as magan adle cuma+d monige & missenlica adla
geborstena wunda & hramma & fylle w+arc & fienda 
adl & micla murnunga & unrotnessa butan +tearfe & oman &
ungemetlica mete socna & ungemetlice unlustas 
& cisnessa & sara inadle on wifes 
<P 176>
gecyndon & on fotum & bl+adran & on unmode & on ungemet
w+accum & ungewitlico word.
<R 1.1.8>
Se maga bi+t neah +t+are heortan & +t+are gelodr &
geadortenge +tam [{br+agene{] of +tam cuma+d +ta adla swi+tost 
of +t+as magan intingan & on yflum seawum, w+atan
atterberendum.
<R 1.1.10>
+tonne +da [{w+atan{] +ta yfelan weor+ta+t gegaderode on
+tone magan & +t+ar rixia+d mid scearfunga innan, swi+tost 
on +tam monnum +te habba+d swi+te gefelne & sarcrenne
magan swa +t+at hie sume somnunga swelta+t,
ne magon aberan +ta strangan scearfunga +t+ara +aterna
w+atena.
<R 1.1.14>
Hwilum wyrmas of +tam in+terran d+alum geseca+d +ta uferran
d+alas to +tam magan & eac heortco+te wyrcea+d
& angnessa & geswowunga swa +t+atte hwilum sume men fram
+tara wyrma slitunge swelta+d & forweor+ta+d.
<R 1.1.17>
For+ton +t+am mannum deah +t+at him mon on fruman +ta mettas
gife +te celunge & strangunge m+agen h+abben 
swa swa beo+t +appla, nales to swete ealles ac surmelsce, &
peran & persucas & hlaf gedon on ceald 
w+ater o+t+te on hat be +t+are gelicunge +t+as magan +te +ta
yfelan w+atan sceorfendan & scearpan h+af+d.
<R 1.1.21>
+tis deah eac on fruman +tam +de +ta heortco+de & +t+at
gesceorf +drowia+d.
+alcra gerist +t+at him mon lytlum +ta mettas selle +ta +te
late melten, leax & +ta fixas +ta +de late meltan, 
gose innefle & swines fet, +ta +de m+agen wi+t habban
+tam yfelan w+atan & +tonne him sel sie +tonne 
+ticge he swetran mettas.
<R 1.1.24>
Ne bi+t him nanwuht selre +tonne he +ta +ticge +ta +te late
melten & 
<P 178>
swa +teah ne synd scitole, +ticge to 
undernes hlaf gebrocenne on hat w+ater o+t+te +appla
berindede.
<R 1.1.27>
Eac bi+t god fultum on godum wyrtdrencum swa l+acas wyrca+d
of ecede & of finoles wyrttruman & of rinde 
& of alwan & of doran hunige, gemeng +t+at & sele +t+as
cucler fulne o+t+te twegen.
<R 1.1.29>
+tonne hnesca+d +t+at +ta wambe & tryme+t & +t+at deah wi+t
breost w+arce & wi+t heortco+te & wi+d fellew+arce 
& wi+t +ton +te mon sie on +tam magan omigre w+atan gefylled
& wi+d manegum adlum +t+at deah +da +te cuma+d 
of oferfyllo & of missenlicum yflum w+atum.
<R 1.1.33>
Gif hie cumen of oferfyllo mid spiwe +tan hy mon sceal
lytlian.
Gif hie +tonne cuma+d of o+trum biterum & yfelum w+atum +ta
+te wyrcea+d oman +tonne beo+t +ta elcran to 
stillanne o+t+t+at +te hie unstrangran weor+tan, swi+tost gif
+ta w+atan beo+d +ticce & slipegran.
<R 1.2.1>
   Be wambe co+te o+t+te gif of +t+are wambe anre +ta yfelan
w+atan cumen & ne oferyrnen ealne +tone lichoman, 
+t+at mon sceall mid halwendum mettum anum lacnian.
<R 1.2.3>
Gif +tonne sio yfele w+ate of +t+are wambe oferyrne+t ealne
+tone lichoman +t+as mon sceal mid maran lacnunge 
tilian, hwilum him mon sceal of +adran blod l+atan gif
+t+as blodes to fela +tince & +t+are yflan w+atan, 
& eac wyrtdrenc sellan, ac +arest mon sceal blod l+atan
+after +ton wyrtdrenc sellan.
[}.II.}]
<R 2.1.1>
   Wi+t sarum & a+tundenum magan genim ele & gedo hwit cwuda &
dile & su+terne wermod on +tone ele, 
<P 180>
l+at standan +treo niht & gedo +t+at +ta wyrta syn gesodene on
+tam ele, gedo +donne on hnesce wulle, smire +tone magan mid.
<R 2.1.4>
Eft wi+t +ton ilcan genim ealdne rysle, getrifula on treowenum
mortere, meng wi+d +ages +t+at hwite, do on cla+d, lege on.
<R 2.1.5>
Wi+t sarum magan eft, gedo on wearmne ele +ta wyrt, +te hatte
fenogrecum & laures croppan & dile, smire +tone magan mid +ty.
<R 2.2.1>
   Wi+t sarum magan, wegbr+adan seaw, & eced do on cla+d, 
lege on.
Eft, gif se maga a+tunden sie o+t+te a+tened genim +t+as
selestan wines & grenes eles swilc healf, seo+t
wermodes croppan, do on hnesce wulle, smire mid, selle him
+tonne fl+asc etan lytelra wuhta, sm+alra
fugla, gesodenra & gebr+adra, & manigfeald +appelcyn, peran,
+apeningas, pisan of+t+anda & gesodena 
on ecede & on w+atre & on wine wel scearpum.
<R 2.2.6>
Wi+t sarum magan, rosan leafa, V o+t+te VII o+d+de
nigon, & pipores corna emfela, gegnid smale & on 
hatum w+atere sele drincan.
<R 2.2.8>
Eft wi+t +ton ilcan genim of pinhnyte XX gecl+ansodra
cyrnela & cymenes swa micel swa +tu m+age mid +trim 
fingrum foreweardum genimam, getrifula +tonne bollan
fulne, wyl on mortere, gedo cealdes w+ateres 
to II gode bollan fulle, sele +donne +arest +t+at healf
to drincanne.
<R 2.3.1>
   Eft is onlegen to trymmanne +tone magan & to bindanne 
+after utsihtan o+t+te +after wyrtdrence, geb+arnedne 
hlaf cl+anne seo+t on ealdum wine gif +tu h+abbe, gif
hit sie sumor do wermodes s+ades dust to seo+t 
+atg+adere, do on cla+d, ofersmit mid ele, lege on +tone
magan.
<R 2.3.4>
Gif hit sie winter ne +tearft +tu +tone wermod to don.
[}.III.}]
<R 3.1.1>
   Be geswelle & sare +t+as magan, gif se man +t+at m+agen
h+abbe l+at him blod, +after +ton mid +ty ele smire +te 
<P 182>
+ta wyrta syn on gesodene +te we +ar nemdon, +after +ton
mid hate hunige smire & ofersceade +tonne mid 
hwites cwidues & alwan duste & pipores hw+athwega,
oferlecge +tonne mid linene cla+de o+d+de mid eowocigre 
wulle & sele wermod on wearmum w+atere twam nihtum
+ar ofgotenne +t+at se +tam omum stille & sele 
+tonne gepiporodne wyrtdrenc.
<R 3.1.7>
& +donne sceal mon +tam men mid drium handum on morgenne & on
+afenne +ta handa & +ta fet gnidan swi+de 
& +tyn & gif hit sie god weder he him on underne gife gange
him ut hwider hwega sume hwile, gif hit
ne sie weder gange him in geond his hus.
[}.IIII.}]
<R 4.1.1>
   Wi+t heardum swile +t+as magan sele +tu him sealte mettas &
haran fl+asc & eofores, rudan wyrttruman &
cersan & scir win & ea+dmelte mettas & onlegena utteonde
+tone heardan swile & b+a+d, +tenda smerwunga
wyrce of ele & of wermode & of hwitum cwidue & wine, be+te
+donne, smire mid +ty, oflege +tonne mid
eowecigre wulle & beswe+te, genim eac milsce +appla, gedo
neahterne on win & +tonne geseo+d, geswete 
+tonne +t+at wos mid huniges teare & gepipera mid XX
corna, sele him +tonne on morgenne lytelne bollan 
fullne o+d+de cucler fulne +tus geworhtes drincan.
[}.V.}]
<R 5.1.1>
   L+acedom wi+t +t+as magan a+tundennesse, +t+as mannes fet &
handa man sceal swi+te on morgentidum +tyn & hine 
mon sceal swi+de hlude hatan gr+adan o+d+de 
<P 184>
singan & hine mon scel [{neahtnestigne{] tyhtan & gremian
to spiwanne & on morgen smirewan mid ele on +tam +de sie
gesoden rude & wermod & +ta +ar genemnedan
mettas +ticge.
[}.VI.}]
<R 6.1.1>
   Wi+t unluste & wl+attan +te of magan cym+d & be his mete 
sele him drincan neahtnestigum wermod o+d+de +treobread, 
gedon on scearp win, sele neahtnestigum & +after +ton
sealte mettas mid ecede geswete & gerenodne 
senep & r+adic +ticgen & ealle +ta mettas ge drincan +ta +te
habban hat m+agen & scearp sele +ticgean.
<R 6.1.5>
& gebeorh +t+at hie ungemeltnesse ne +trowian & god win geh+at
& hluttor +ticgen on neaht nestig & neaht 
nestige lapien on hunig & secen him broc on onrade & on
w+ane o+d+de on +ton +te hie a +trowian m+agen.
<R 6.1.7>
Eft wi+t metes unluste genim su+terne cymen, of+t+ane mid
ecede, adrige +donne & gegnid on mortere & 
finoles s+ades & diles +treo cuclerm+al, gegnid eall
tog+adere, geece pipores +treo cuclerm+al & rudan leafa 
VII cuclerm+al & +t+as selestan huniges asiwenes an
pund, getrifula eal tog+adere, yce +tonne mid ecede swa 
+te +tince +t+at hit sie on +ta onlicnesse
geworht +te senop bi+d getemprod to inwisan, gedo 
+tonne on gl+as f+at & +tonne mid hlafe o+d+de mid swa
hwilcum mete swa +tu wille, lapa on & nytta ge 
+teah +tu mid cuclere +t+at supe +t+at hylp+t.
<R 6.1.15>
+tises +tu nytta ge on +afenne ge on underne.
Nis +t+at wi+t +tam unluste anum god +t+as magan ac eallum
+tam lichoman +t+at deah.
<R 6.2.1>
   Wi+t metes unluste, dweorgedwostlan on w+atre of+t+ande
gegnid mid ecede, sele drincan wi+d wl+attan.
<R 6.2.2>
Wi+t 
<P 186>
unluste eft mintan & pipores nigan corn gegniden on wine
sele drincan.
[}.VII.}]
<R 7.1.1>
   +tis sceal wi+d adeadodum magan, genim huniges & eced
tog+adere gemenged & gebeatenne pipor, sele on
morgenne cuclerfulne neahtnestigum, nyttige scearpera
drincena & metta & +at ba+te mid sinope gnide
& smerwe.
<R 7.1.3>
Sele him eac neahtnestigum +tis, genim eced wi+t gl+adenan
gemenged hw+athwega & langes pipores X
corn o+t+te croppan & senep, menge eall tog+adere &
trifolige, sele nihtnestigum an cuclerm+al.
<R 7.1.6>
Ge+tenc +du +tonne hw+a+tre +t+atte ealle +ta +ar genemnedan
l+acedomas & +ta +after writenan ne sculon on ane
+trage to lange beon to gedone ac sculon f+ac habban
betweonum & reste, hwilum twegen dagas hwilum
+try, & +tonne him mon blod l+ate on +adre on +tam dagum ne
do him mon nanne o+terne l+acedom to nym+te ymb 
V niht o+t+te ma.
<R 7.1.10>
Wi+t forsogenum magan o+t+te a+tundenum genim hry+teren
fl+asc gesoden on ecede & mid ele gerenod mid sealte 
& dile & por, +ticge +t+at seofon niht, +tonne liht
+t+at +tone geswencedan magan.
<R 7.1.13>
+tis synd tacn adeadodes magan, +t+at he +tig+d ne gemylt
+t+at ac se ge+tigeda mete hefega+t +tone magan &
he +tone sammeltan +turh +da wambe utsent.
[}.VIII.}]
<R 8.1.1>
   Wi+t sare & unluste +t+as magan se +te ne m+ag ne mid mete 
ne mid drincan beon gelacnod, & bitere hr+acetunge 
nim centaurian, +t+at is felterre, sume hata+d hyrde
wyrt, sume eor+d geallan, gegnid an pund 
<P 188>
& gedo +t+aron hates w+ateres IIII bollan fulle, sele him
neahtnestigum drincan +try dagas.
<R 8.1.6>
   Eft, genim +ta reade netlan ufewearde h+abbende s+ad, 
a+tweah cl+ane & wyrce to supanne.
<R 8.1.7>
Eft, grenes merces getrifulades seaw & awrungenes sele drincan
& on +ta ilcan wisan sele him drincan hunan seaw.
<R 8.1.8>
Eft, wi+d magan sare, rudan & mintan, dile, dweorgedwostlan,
agrimonian, sume hata+d garclife, & cersan, 
gecnua ealle on wine o+t+te on eala+d, sele +alce d+age
to drincanne.
[}.VIIII.}]
<R 9.1.1>
   Wi+t inwunde magan nim gate meoluc +tonne hio fur+tum 
amolcen sie, sele drincan.
<R 9.1.2>
Sume wearme eowo meoluc drinca+d wi+t magan sare, sume +tone
selestan ele gewyrmedne, sume wi+t +ta gate 
meoluc menga+d o+t +t+at hie spiwa+d +t+at hi +de y+t
spiwan magon.
[}.X.}]
<R 10.1.1>
   Vi+d wl+attan & to h+atanne magan, w+ater besoden on 
wermode & on dile o+t +tone +triddan d+al, sele +t+at drincan.
<R 10.1.2>
+t+at wyrm+d & hearda+t +tone magan.
[}.XI.}]
<R 11.1.1>
   Wi+t a+tundenesse & e+tunge magan, finoles wyrttruman &
merces of geot mid scire wine ealde & of +ton
sele drincan nehtnestigum II bollan fulle lytle.
<R 11.1.3>
Wi+t windigre a+tundenesse magan to wyrmanne +tone cealdan
magan, rudan & dile, mintan & merce, syndrige 
sceafas geseo+d on +trim ceac fullum w+ateres +t+at +t+ar
ne sie butan an ful, sele +tonne +t+at w+ater drincan.
<P 190>
[}.XII.}]
<R 12.1.1>
   Vi+d spiw+tan & wi+d +ton +te him mete under ne gewunige
genim sinfullan, gegnid on scearp win, sele bollan 
fulne to gedrincanne +after +afen geweorce.
<R 12.1.3>
Genim wi+t +ton ilcan finoles seawes twegen d+alas, huniges
+anne, seo+t o+t +t+at +t+at h+abbe huniges +ticnesse, 
sele +tonne neahtnestigum cuclerm+al full.
<R 12.1.5>
+t+at wl+attan gestire+d, +t+at lungenne bet, +t+at lifre
h+al+d.
Wi+d miclan spiwe+tan & he ne m+age nanne mete gehabban
genim diles s+ades ane yntsan, pipores feower, 
cymenes +treo, gegnid swi+te smale, do +tonne on w+ater +te
w+are minte on gesoden & sure +appla o+d+de
wingeardes twigu ufeweard merwe.
<R 12.1.9>
Gif se mon ne sie on fefre yce mid wine & sele drincan +tonne
ne to reste gan wille & [{lege{] utan on 
+tone magan gesodene wudu +apla & hlafes cruman & swilce
onlegena.
[}.XIII.}]
<R 13.1.1>
   +tonne sceal +tis wi+t +t+as magan springe, sum pyse cyn
hatte lenticulas, ete +tara hund teontig hreawra.
<R 13.1.2>
Eft, scearpes ecedes gesupe +treo cuclerm+al +tonne he slapan
wille on +afen.
[}.XIIII.}]
<R 14.1.1>
   Wi+t eallum magan untrumnessum genim finoles wyrttruman
uteweardra, +t+at +t+ar m+arwost sie, ado of +tam 
finole swa micel swa o+ter healf pund sie, geot 
<P 192>
+tonne ecedes on swa o+ter healf sester sie, l+at +tonne 
+treo niht standan swa +atg+adere, +after +ton oferseo+d
+ta wyrttruman hw+at hwega on +tam ecede & awring 
of +tam ecede cl+ane.
<R 14.1.5>
Gedo +tonne on +t+at eced huniges mid +ty ecede, gedo +tonne
alwan godne d+al +t+ar on +t+atte yntsan gewege
o+d+de ma & o+ter swilc hwites cweodowes & ameos hatte
su+terne wyrt o+ter asaru, do +tara l+as, gemenge 
hw+a+tere ealle tog+adere & +tonne selle him +treo
cuclerm+al.
<R 14.1.9>
Do +tis wi+d magan bryne & +turste, wlaco w+ater menge wi+d
+tone selestan ele, sele drincan.
<R 14.1.10>
+t+at styr+d +tam +turste.
[}.XV.}]
<R 15.1.1>
   Wi+t +t+as magan springe +tonne +turh mu+d bitere hr+ac+d
o+t+te bealcet o+d+de him on +tam magan suge+d, genim
pipores swilce an mynet gewege, diles s+ades swilce IIII
mynet gewegen, o+ter swilc cymenes, gegnid 
eall & sele on wine cuclerm+al +tonne he slapan gan wille.
<R 15.1.4>
Sio a+tenung +t+as magan & sio ablawunge h+ato cyme+d of
+tam blacum omum.
<R 15.1.5>
Ac genim +tonne spiungean, gedo on scearp eced, gew+ate
swi+de, lege ofer +tone magan +tonne hit swilc
sie.
<R 15.1.7>
+after +ton gif +t+as ne fele lege o+tra onlegena on strengran
& aferran swa swa is [{ar{] om wi+d hunig gemenged 
& +ton gelic swa l+acas cunnon.
[}.XVI.}]
<R 16.1.1>
   +tis sint tacn +t+as hatan magan omihtan ungemet, 
f+astlican, & +t+as ofercealdan.
<R 16.1.2>
+t+as hatan magan ungemetf+astan 
<P 194>
tacn sindon +tonne he bi+d
mid omum geswenced, +tam men bi+d +turst getenge 
& nearones & geswogunga & modes tweonung & unlust &
wl+atta.
<R 16.1.4>
Him is nyt +t+at he hlaf +ticgen on cealdum w+atre o+d+de on
ecede & swi+de f+aste gesoden +agra o+t+te gebr+adde 
to undernes & wyrta & lactucas, +t+at is leahtric, &
mealwan & h+anne fl+asc n+as swi+te gesoden
& gose +ta ytmestan limo & fixas +ta +te heard fl+asc habban
& wine winclan & ostran & o+tru, pysena cyn 
& mylsce +appla & b+a+t of swetum ferscum w+aterum sceal
beon geworht, hat b+a+t him ne deah.
<R 16.1.9>
Tacn +t+as ofercealdan magan, +t+at +ta men ne +tyrst ne hi
swol gefela+t on magan & ne bi+t him +anig wearm 
+trowung getenge.
<R 16.1.11>
Ac hy girna+d metta swi+tor +tonne hit geliclic sie & gif him
ofstonde+t on innan +anigu ceald w+ate +tonne 
spiwa+d hie +t+at horh & +ta mettas gehabban ne magon +te
hie ge+ticgea+d & +after +tam spiwa+d sona him
to gifanne bidda+d.
<R 16.1.14>
+ta men +tu scealt smerwan mid +ty ele +te mon wermod on
seo+de & +ta +ticcan geurnen on & +ta slipinga w+atan 
on +tam magan & +ta acolodan & +t+at ofstandene +ticce
slipige horh +tu scealt mid +tam +ar genemnedan 
l+acedomum wyrman & +tynnian.
<R 16.1.17>
Wyrc him +tonne wyrtdrenc of finoles wyrttruman rinde &
merwost sie +t+atte six yntsan gewege & ecedes 
anne sester & alwan +treo yntsan, seo+t +tonne on +tam
ecede +tone finol o+t +t+at hit sie wel gesoden,
awring +tonne +ta wyrta of +tam ecede, gedo +tonne to +tam
ecede cl+anes huniges pund, seo+t +tonne +atg+adere 
o+t +t+at hit sie swa +ticce swa hunig, scead +tonne +ta
alwan on wel gegnidene & sele +treo cuclerm+al mid w+atere.
<R 16.1.23>
+t+at deah wi+t heort ece & wi+t felle w+arce.
<P 196>
<R 16.2.1>
   Be +t+are ofermiclan friclo, +tonne of +t+are selfan 
cealdan adle +t+as magan cym+d +t+at sio ofermiclo friclo 
& gifernes arist of +t+as hores w+atan +te of +tam magan
cym+d & hie beo+t spiwende &, swa swa hund, 
eft sona seca+d +ta mettas, +tam +tu scealt sellan cl+ane &
hluttor win & read swi+de geh+at, ne sie to 
scearp ne se mete ne sie to scearp ne to sur +te +tu him
selle ac sme+te & f+at.
<R 16.2.6>
Gif orm+ate hungor cym+d of ungemetlicre h+ato +t+as magan &
tyddernesse +t+at hie syn sona geswogene gif
hie +tone mete n+abben, wi+t orm+atum hungre +tonne scealt
+tu sona +t+as mannes tilian, bind his ytmestan 
limo mid byndellum, teoh him +ta loccas & wringe +ta earan
& +tone wangbeard twiccige.
<R 16.2.10>
+tonne him sel sie sele him sona hlaf on wine gebrocenne +ar
he o+tre mettas +ticge.
<R 16.2.11>
Sele him +ta mettas +ta +te ne sien to ra+de gemelte, late
mylt hry+teres fl+asc g+aten & hiorota, buccena 
is wyrrest & ramma & fearra & +ta +te swi+de ealde beo+d
on feo+torfotum nietenum & fuglas +ta +te heard 
fl+asc habba+d, pawa, swan, +aned.
<R 16.2.14>
+tam +de cealde wambe habba+d +tu scealt sellan wel meltende
mettas, scellihte fiscas & culfrena briddas, 
h+anne fl+asc & gose fi+tru, swa betere swa f+atran sien
& ferscran.
<R 16.2.16>
+ta ytmestan leomo swina beo+d ea+dmelte & geong hry+ter &
ticcenu & swete win sel mylt +tonne +t+at afre.
[}.XVII.}]
<R 17.1.1>
   Wi+t eallum lifer adlum & gecyndum & w+astmum & be +tam sex
+tingum +te +done lifer w+arc wyrcea+d & lacnung 
+tara ealra & sweotol tacn, ge be micgean ge be unluste
ge hira hiwe, sio bi+t on +ta swi+tran sidan 
a+tened o+t +tone 
<P 198>
neweseo+tan, sio h+af+d fif l+appan,
helt +ta lendenbr+adan, sio is blodes timber, &
blodes hus & fostor.
<R 17.1.5>
+tonne +tara metta meltung bi+t & +tynnes +ta becuma+t on
+ta lifer, +tonne wenda+t hie hiora hiw & cerra+d
on blod & +ta unsefernessa +te +t+ar beo+t hio awyrp+t ut &
+t+at cl+ane blod gesomna+t & +turh feower +adra
swi+tost onsent to +t+are heortan & eac geond ealne +tone
lichoman o+t +ta ytmestan limo.
<R 17.1.9>
Be sex +tingum +te +tone liferw+arc wyrcea+d, +arest geswel,
+t+at is a+tundenes +t+are lifer, o+ter is +t+as geswelles 
toberstung, +tridde is wund +t+are lifre, feor+te
is welmes h+ato mid gefelnesse & mid sare 
geswelle, fifte is aheardung +t+as magan mid gefelnesse & mid
sare, sexte is heardung +t+are lifre butan 
gefelnesse & butan sare.
<R 17.1.13>
+t+are lifre geswel o+t+te a+tundenesse +tu meaht +tus
ongitan, on +ta swi+dran healfe under +tam hnescan 
ribbe bi+t +arest se swile on +t+are lifre & gefel+d se mon
+arest +t+ar hefignesse & sar & of +t+are stowe
ofer ealle +ta sidan astih+d o+t +t+at wi+toban & o+t +done
swi+tran sculdor +t+at sar & his micgge bi+d blodread 
swilce hio blodig sie.
<R 17.1.18>
Bi+t him unlust getenge & his hiw blac & he bi+t hw+at hwega
hri+tende & singalne cyle +trowa+t & cwaca+t
swa mon on lencten adle de+t.
<R 17.1.20>
Ne m+ag him mete under gewunian, +tint sio lifer & ne m+ag
+tam sare mid handa onhrinan bi+d to +ton strang 
& n+af+t nanne sl+ap +tonne hit strangost bi+t.
<R 17.1.22>
+tonne se swile tobyrst +tonne bi+d seo micge lyswen swilce
worms, gif he utyrn+d +tonne bi+t +t+at sar l+asse.
<P 200>
[}.XVIII.}]
<R 18.1.1>
   Vi+t +t+are lifre swile o+d+de a+tundenesse, gif se utgang
forsitte, him is on fruman blod to forl+atenne 
on +adre on +ta winestran healfe.
<R 18.1.2>
Wyrc him +tonne be+tinge +tus & sealfe, of ele & rudan &
dile & of merces s+ade swa micel swa +te +tince, 
seo+d eall mid +ty ele & +tonne mid hnescre wulle be+te
mid +ty wose lange +ta swi+dran sidan & +tonne 
oferlege mid wulle & beswe+te f+aste ymb III niht.
<R 18.1.6>
Wyrc him eft onlecgende sealfe & beren grytte geond gotene
mid wine & +tonne gesodene & mid ecede &
mid hunige eall getrifulad & eft gesoden, lege on +tone
+ticcestan cla+d o+t+de on fel, swi+de mid swa 
wearme & on +t+at sar bind & hwilum teoh mid gl+ase o+t+te
mid horne.
<R 18.1.10>
Gif se utgang forsitte mid wyrtdrencum ateoh hine ut.
Wyrc of wermode & of hirde wyrte & of rudan s+ade do
aseowones huniges genoh to sele neahtnestigum
cucler m+al.
[}.XVIIII.}]
<R 19.1.1>
   Tacn be aswollenre & gewundadre lifre, l+acedomas wi+t +ton
& be +t+are lifre aheardunge.
<R 19.1.2>
Se +te bi+d gewundod +tonne on +ta lifre & gif he ne bi+t
+ton ra+tor gelacnod +tonne becym+d he on +ta adle 
+te mon wormse spiwe+t.
<R 19.1.3>
Gif se geswollena mon on +t+are lifre o+d+de se a+tundena swa
aswollen gebit o+t +tone fif & twentige+tan 
d+ag swa se swile ne berste+t +tonne ongin+d sio lifer
heardian, gif hio gebyrst +tonne bi+d +t+ar wind 
on +t+are lifre.
<R 19.1.6>
+t+are wunde tacn sindon, +tonne sio wund 
<P 202>
geborsten bi+t
+tonne bi+d +turh +ta wambe se utryne swilce blodig 
w+ater & bi+t his neb read & aswollen & +tonne +tu him
+tine hand setest on +ta lifre +tonne gefel+t
he swi+te [{micel{] sar & bi+t se man swi+de mearo & of
+t+are adle cym+d ful oft w+ater bolla.
<R 19.1.10>
Wi+t geswollenum sare, on fruman mid onlegenum & sealfum
sceal mon lacnian, sio sceal beon of berenum 
gryttum on leage gesodenum & of culfrena scearne geworht
mid hunige & +tonne alecge mon +ta sealfe 
on hatne cla+d o+t+te fel o+t+te cartan, beswe+te mid
+tonne.
<R 19.1.14>
Hnesca+d se swile sona & geberste+t innan.
Drince mulsa, +t+at is gemilscede drincan, +alce d+age & gate
meoluc gesodene & w+ater on +tam sien gesodene gode wyrta.
[}.XX.}]
<R 20.1.1>
   L+acedomas wi+t +t+are lifre wunde +tonne se swile 
gewyrsmed tobyrst, nim gate meoluc swa wearme niwan
amolcene, sele drincan.
<R 20.1.2>
Do eac to drence n+adran geworhte swa l+acas cunnon & +tonne
hie +alcra drincan willen drincan hie nemne 
w+ater +ar gesoden of wyrtum, on wermode & on o+trum
swelcum & swilca onlegena swa we +ar writon.
<R 20.1.5>
Ac mon sceal +ar mid wearmum springum & hate w+atre be+tian
& +twean +ta stowe & on +tam w+atre sien gesodene 
laures croppan & hirdewyrt, +t+at is eor+dgealla, &
wermod.
<R 20.1.7>
Mid +ty +tu +ta saran stowa lange +arest be+te & l+at reocan
on.
<R 20.1.8>
Gif +tonne sio wund swi+de rotige +t+are lifre o+t +t+at he
+t+at wursm of mu+de hr+ace gewyrce him gemilscade 
drincan, +t+at is micel d+al bewylledes w+ateres on huniges
godum d+ale, 
<P 204>
of +tam sceal beon +t+at rot gelome 
adon +tenden hit mon wel+d [{o+t{] +t+at +t+ar nan ne
sie, l+at +tonne colian & sele +tonne drincan.

<S SAMPLE 3>
[^B21.2.1.3.2^]
<P 320>
[}.XXII.}]
<R 22.1.1>
   Wi+t utsiht adle, V leafan, hleomoce, curmealle, 
elehtre, gecnua +ta wyrta & wyl on meolce, sele 
him drincan wearm on morgenne & on +afen.
<R 22.1.3>
Wyrc briw to +ton ilcan, wudu cunellan, hleomoc, bewyl
[{+tara{] meolce +triddan d+al, [{+t+are{] wyrte of +tam 
meolcum, scead hw+aten mela +t+ar on & ete +tone briw
cealdne, & supe +ta meoluc.
<R 22.1.5>
Him bi+d sona sel.
Gif se briw & se drenc inne gewunia+d +tu meaht +tone man
gelacnian, gif him offleoge+d him bi+d selre
+t+at +tu hine na ne grete.
<R 22.1.7>
Him bi+t his feorh adl getenge.
[}.XXIII.}]
<R 23.1.1>
   Gif wyrmas beo+t on mannes inno+de wyl on buteran grene
rudan, drinc on neaht nestig scenc fulne.
<R 23.1.2>
Hi 
<P 322>
gewita+d ealle aweg mid +ty utgange & he bi+d sona hal.
<R 23.2.1>
   To +ton ilcan genim cymenes dust, meng to gate geallan &
fearres, gnid +tone nafolan mid ealle.
<R 23.2.2>
Hi gewita+t ni+ter of +t+am men.
[}.XXIIII.}]
<R 24.1.1>
   Wi+t li+d w+arce sing VIIII si+tum +tis gealdor +t+ar on
& +tin spatl spiw on, (\Malignus obligauit, angelus 
curauit, dominus saluauit\) .
<R 24.1.2>
Him bi+t sona sel.
<R 24.2.1>
   To +ton ilcan genim culfran tord & gate tord, drige swi+de 
& gnid to duste, meng wi+t hunig & wi+t butran, 
smire mid +ta leo+tu.
[}.XXV.}]
<R 25.1.1>
   Wi+t weartum genim hundes micgean & muse blod, meng to 
somne, smire mid +ta weartan.
<R 25.1.2>
Hi gewita+t sona aweg.
[}.XXVI.}]
<R 26.1.1>
   Wi+t miclan lice genim nio+towearde elenan & +tung & ompran
+ta +te swimman wile, ealra emfela, & gecnua 
wel & wyl on buteran, do wel sealtes on & smire mid.
<R 26.1.3>
Wyrc bi+d wi+t +tam miclan lice, elene, +alf+tone, marubie,
curmealle, ellen tanas & ac tanas, wyl swi+de 
on w+atre & be+te on swi+de hatum +t+at lic.
<R 26.1.5>
Wyrc drenc wi+d +tam miclan lice, hindhiolo+tan, curmeallan,
bogen, nefte, agrimonia, betonica, finul, 
dile, do on god ealo, sele drincan on d+age III
scencas fulle.
<R 26.1.7>
Wyrc briw wi+t +ton ilcan, genim nio+towearde elenan & eofor
+trotan, redic & +ta readan netlan nio+towearde, 
scearfa sm+ale & gecnua wel, wyl si+t+tan on buteran,
do cl+ane ifig taran +t+ar on gif +tu h+abbe
& hwon berenes melwes, do on blede mid +tam wyrtum & hrer
mid sticcan o+t 
<P 324>
+t+at hit col sie, sele etan 
on neaht nestig III sn+ada, sele +tone briw & +tone
drenc +ar +tam b+a+te +ty l+as hit inslea +after +tam
ba+te.
[}.XXVII.}]
<R 27.1.1>
   Wi+t singalum [{+turste{] untrumra manna nim wermod & hind
hiolo+tan & gy+trifan, wylle on eala+t, geswete 
hwon, sele him drincan.
<R 27.1.2>
Hit h+al+t +tone [{+turst{] wundorlice.
[}.XXVIII.}]
<R 28.1.1>
   Wi+t innan fortoge, sm+al +tearma ece, genim betonican
& wermod, merce, r+adic, finul, gecnua ealle 
& do on eala, sete +tonne & bewreoh, drinc on neaht nestig
scenc fulne.
[}.XXVIIII.}]
<R 29.1.1>
   Vi+t bryne, gif mon sie mid fyre ane forb+arned nim 
wudurofan & lilian & hleomoc, wyl on buteran & smire mid.
<R 29.1.2>
Gif mon sie mid w+atan forb+arned nime elm rinde & lilian
moran, wyl on meolcum, smire mid +triwa on d+ag.
<R 29.1.4>
Wi+t sunbryne, merwe ifig twigu wyl on butran, smire mid.
[}.XXX.}]
<R 30.1.1>
   Wyrc godne +deor drenc, wermod, bogen, garclifan, polleian,
wenwyrt, +ta smalan fel terre, eagwyrt,
+teorwyrt, ceaster +asces II sn+ada, elenan III,
commuces [{VIII{] , wuduweaxan godne d+al, curmeallan, 
gescearfa +tas wyrta on god hluttor eala o+t+te wylisc
ealu, l+at standan III niht bewrigen, sele 
drincan scenc fulne tide +ar o+trum mete.
<R 30.1.5>
Wi+t +teore & wi+t sceotendum wenne nim bogen & gearwan &
wudu weax 
<P 326>
& hrefnes fot, do on god ealu, sele 
drincan on d+age III scencas fulle.
<R 30.1.7>
Gif +teor gewunige on anre stowe wyrc be+tinge, nim +t+at
ifig +te on stane weaxe & gearwan & wudu bindes 
leaf & cuslyppan, gecnua ealle wel, lege on hatne stan on
troge, geot hwon w+ateres on, l+at reocan 
on +t+at lic +t+ar +t+ar him +tearf sie, +tonne se col
sie do o+terne hatne on, be+te swa gelome.
<R 30.1.11>
Him bi+t sona sel.
[}.XXXI.}]
<R 31.1.1>
   Wyrc gode wensealfe, nim wudu merce & hrefnes fot & wermod
nio+toweardne, cuslyppan, rudan, wudubindes leaf, 
ifig leaf +te on eor+tan wix+t, +ta clufihtan
wenwyrt, gecnua ealle, wyl on rammes smerwe 
o+t+te on buccan, do +triddan d+al buteran, awring +turh
cla+t, do +tonne godne scip taran to & hrer 
o+t +t+at hit col sie.
[}.XXXII.}]
<R 32.1.1>
   Wyrc gode dolh sealfe, nim gearwan & wudu rofan 
nio+towearde, feld moran, & nio+toweardne sigelhweorfan, 
wyl on godre buteran, awring +turh cla+d & l+at
gestandan.
<R 32.1.3>
Wel +alc dolh +tu meaht lacnian mid.
[}.XXXIII.}]
<R 33.1.1>
   Gif mon sie ufan on heafod wund & sie ban gebrocen nim
sigelhweorfan & hwite cl+afran wisan & wudurofan, 
do on gode butran, aseoh +turh cla+d & lacna si+t+tan.
<R 33.2.1>
   Gif sio eaxl upstige [{nim{] +ta sealfe, do hwon wearme mid
fe+tere.
Him bi+d sona sel.
<R 33.2.2>
Wyrc godne dolh drenc, nim agrimonian & wudu rofan, do on god
ealo, sele drincan godne scenc fulne
on neaht nestig.
<R 33.2.3>
Gif gebrocen 
<P 328>
ban sie on heafde & of nelle cnua grene
betonican & lege on +t+at dolh gelome o+t +t+at
+ta ban of syn & +t+at dolh gebatod.
[}.XXXIIII.}]
<R 34.1.1>
   Wi+t hundes slite cnuwa ribban, lege on +t+at dolh & rudan
wyl on butran, lacna mid +t+at dolh.
<R 34.1.2>
Gif sinwe syn forcorfene nim renwyrmas, gecnuwa wel, lege on
o+t +t+at hi hale synd.
<R 34.1.3>
Gif sinwe sien gescruncene nime +amettan mid hiora bedgeride,
wyl on w+atre & be+te mid & rece +ta sinwe geornlice.
[}.XXXV.}]
<R 35.1.1>
   Vi+t gongewifran bite nim henne +ag, gnid on ealu hreaw &
sceapes tord niwe swa he nyte, sele him drincan 
godne scenc fulne.
[}.XXXVI.}]
<R 36.1.1>
   Wi+t cancre nim gate geallan & hunig, meng to somne begea
emfela, do on +t+at dolh.
<R 36.1.2>
To +ton ilcan, niwe hundes heafod b+arn to ahsan, do on dolh.
<R 36.1.3>
Gif hit nelle +t+at nim monnes drogan, drig swi+de, gnid to
duste, do on.
<R 36.1.4>
Gif +tu mid +tys ne meaht gelacnian ne meaht +tu him +afre
nahte.
[}.XXXVII.}]
<R 37.1.1>
   Wi+t +ton +te wif ne m+age bearn acenuan nim feld moran
nio+towearde, wyl on meolcum & on w+atre, do begea 
emfela, sele etan +ta moran & +t+at wos supan.
<R 37.1.3>
To +ton ilcan bind on +t+at winstre +teoh up wi+d +t+at
cennende lim nio+towearde beolonan o+t+te XII corn
cellendran s+ades & +t+at sceal don cniht o+d+de m+aden.
<R 37.1.5>
Swa +t+at bearn sie acenned do +ta wyrta aweg +ty l+as +t+at
innelfe utsige.
<P 330>
<R 37.1.6>
Gif of wife nelle gan +after +tam beor+tre +t+at gecyndelic
sie seo+te eald spic on w+atre, be+te mid +tone 
cwi+t o+d+de hleomoc o+t+te hocces leaf wyl on ealo+t,
sele drincan hit hat.
<R 37.1.8>
Gif on wife sie dead bearn wyl on meolce & on w+atre hleomoc
& polleian, sele drincan on d+ag tuwa.
<R 37.1.9>
Georne is to wyrnanne bearneacnum wife +t+at hio aht sealtes
ete o+d+de swetes o+t+te beor drince ne swines 
fl+asc ete ne naht f+ates ne druncen gedrince ne on weg
ne fere ne on horse to swi+de ride +ty l+as 
+t+at bearn of hire sie +ar riht tide.
<R 37.1.13>
Gif [{hio{] blede to swi+te +after +tam beor+tre nio+towearde
clatan wyl on meolce, sele etan & supan +t+at wos.
[}.XXXVIII.}]
<R 38.1.1>
   Wi+t +ton +te wifum sie forstanden hira mona+t gecynd wyl 
on eala+d hleomoc & twa curmeallan, sele drincan 
& be+te +t+at wif on hatum ba+te & drince +tone drenc on
+tam ba+te.
<R 38.1.3>
Hafa +te +ar geworht clam of beor dr+astan & of grenre
mucgwyrte & merce & of berene melwe, meng ealle 
tosomne, gehrer on pannan, cl+am on +t+at gecynde lim &
on +tone cwi+d nio+toweardne +tonne hio of +tam 
ba+de g+a+t & drince scenc fulne +t+as ilcan [{drences{]
wearmes.
<R 38.1.7>
& bewreoh +t+at wif wel & l+at beon swa becl+amed lange tide
+t+as d+ages, do swa tuwa swa +triwa sw+a+ter +tu scyle.
<R 38.1.8>
+tu scealt simle +tam wife b+a+t wyrcean & drenc sellan on
+ta ilcan tid +te hire sio gecynd +at w+are.
<R 38.1.9>
Ahsa +t+as +at +tam wife.
<R 38.2.1>
   Gif wife to swi+te offlowe sio mona+d gecynd genim niwe
horses tord, lege on hate gleda, l+at reocan swi+te 
<P 332>
betweoh +ta +teoh up under +t+at hr+agl +t+at se mon
sw+ate swi+te.
[}.XXXVIIII.}]
<R 39.1.1>
   Vi+d smeawyrme smiring, nim swines geallan & fisces geallan 
& hrefnes geallan & haran geallan, meng 
to somne, smire +ta dolh mid, blaw mid hreode on +t+at seaw
on +t+at dolh, cnua +tonne heorot brembel 
leaf, lege on +ta dolh.
<R 39.1.4>
Wyrc be+tinge to +ton ilcan, nim +aps rinde & wirrinde, cwic
rinde, slah +torn rinde, wirrinde, berc
rinde, cnua [{ealle{] +ta rinda, wyl on cyse hw+age, +tweah
mid & be+te +t+at lim +te se wyrm on sie & +after 
+t+are be+tinge adrig & smire mid +t+are sealfe & blaw +ta
sealfe on +ta dolh & lege +da brembel leaf
on, do swa on d+age +driwa on sumera & on wintra twiwa.
<R 39.2.1>
   Wyrc +ta blacan sealfe gif +te +tearf sie, gesamna +te tu
ambru hry+tra micgean & amber fulne holen rinda 
& +ascrinda & +tunges, wylle +tonne on cetele o+t +t+at
se w+ata sie tw+ade on bewylled, ado of +ta wyrta 
& +ta rinda, wyl eft o+t +t+at hit sie swa +ticce swa
molcen & swa sweart swa col, smire mid si+t+tan 
+t+at dolh & hafa clam geworht of mealtes smedman & of hwiting
melwe & elehtran, clufa, cnua & gnid 
tosomne, wyrc to clame, gif he sie to drige do on breowende
wyrt hwon, cl+am on +ta dolh & utan ymb.
<R 39.2.7>
Si+t+tan hie gesmyred synd seo sealf wile +arest +ta dolh
ryman & +t+at deade fl+asc ofetan & +tone swile
a+tw+anan & +tone wyrm +t+ar on deadne gede+t o+t+te cwicne
ofdrif+d & +ta dolh gelacna+d.
<P 334>
[}.XL.}]
<R 40.1.1>
   Wi+t +ton +te mon sie mona+t seoc nim mere swines fel, wyrc
to swipan, swing mid +tone man, sona bi+d sel, amen.
[}.XLI.}]
<R 41.1.1>
   [{Vyrc{] godne drenc wi+t eallum feondes costungum, nim
betonican, bisceopwyrt, elehtran, gy+trifan, attorla+tan, 
wulfes camb, gearwan, lege under weofod, gesinge
VIIII m+assan ofer, gescearfa +ta wyrta 
on halig w+ater, sele drincan on neaht nestig scenc fulne &
do +t+at halig w+ater on ealne +tone mete
+te se man +ticge.
<R 41.1.5>
Wyrc gode sealfe wi+t feondes costunga, bisceopwyrt, elehtre,
[{haransprecel{] , streawberian wise, sio
clufihte wenwyrt, eor+drima, brembel +appel, polleian,
wermod, gecnua +ta wyrta ealle awylle on godre 
buteran, wring +turh cla+d, sete under weofod, singe
VIIII m+assan ofer, smire +tone man mid on
+ta +tunwonge & bufan +tam eagum & ufan +t+at heafod & +ta
breost & under +tam earmum +ta sidan.
<R 41.1.10>
+teos sealf is god wi+t +alcre feondes costunga &
+alfsidenne & lencten adle.
<R 41.1.11>
Gif +tu wilt lacnian gewitseocne man gedo bydene fulle
cealdes w+atres, dryp +triwa on +t+as drences, 
be+te +tone man on +tam w+atre & ete se man gehalgodne hlaf &
cyse & garleac & cropleac & drince +t+as 
drences scenc fulne.
<R 41.1.14>
& +tonne he sie beba+tod smire mid +t+are sealfe swi+te &
si+t+tan him sel sie wyrc him +tonne swi+dne drenc 
utyrnendum.
<R 41.1.16>
Wyrc +tus +tone drenc, nim lybcornes leaf & cele+tonian moran
& gl+adenan moran & hocces moran & ellenes 
wyrttruman rinde, wyl on eala+d, l+at standan neahterne 
on +tam wyrtum, 
ahlyttre +tonne & gewyrm, do buteran to & 
<P 336>
sealt, sele drincan.
<R 41.1.19>
Wyrc spiwe drenc utyrnendne, nim feowertig lybcorna, berend
wel & gegnid on nio+towearde cele+tonian 
& hocces moran & twa clufe +t+are clufehtan wenwyrte &
hwerhwette ni+tewearde an lytel & hamwyrte
moran medmicel, gedo ealle +ta wyrta swi+te wel cl+ane &
gecnua, do on eala, bewreoh, l+at standan neahterne, 
sele drincan scenc fulne.
[}.XLII.}]
<R 42.1.1>
   Gif swi+ddrenc on men [^IN THE MS THE WORD men IS GIVEN AS 
THE LETTER m WITH A SUPERSCRIPT TILDE^]  
gesitte & he nelle ofgan, nim
ni+tewearde cele+tonian & lybcornes leaf o+t+te arod, 
wyl on eala+d, do buteran & sealt to, sele drincan
wearmes scenc fulne.
[}.XLIII.}]
<R 43.1.1>
   Wi+t attres drince seo+t henne & hocces leaf on w+atre, ado
+tone fugel of & +ta wyrta, sele supan +t+at
bro+d wel gebuterod swa he hatost m+age.
<R 43.1.3>
Gif he +ar h+af+t attor gedruncen ne bi+t him ahte +te wyrs.
Gif he +t+at bro+d +tonne +ar syp+d ne meaht +tu him +ty
d+age attor gesellan.
[}.XLIIII.}]
<R 44.1.1>
   Vi+t lusum sele him etan gesodenne cawel on neaht nestig
gelome.
<R 44.1.2>
He bi+t lusum bewered.
[}.XLV.}]
<R 45.1.1>
   Gif +torn stinge man on fot o+t+te hreod & nelle ofgan, nime
niwe gose tord & grene gearwan, cnuwige
swi+te tosomne, cl+am on +t+at dolh.
<R 45.1.2>
Sona bi+t sel.
<P 338>
[}.XLVI.}]
<R 46.1.1>
   Wi+t +asm+alum & wi+t eallum eagna w+arce ceow wulfes comb,
wring +tonne +turh h+awenne cla+d wyllenne on 
+ta eagan +t+at seaw on niht +tonne he restan wille & on
morgen do +ages +t+at hwite +t+ar on.
[}.XLVII.}]
<R 47.1.1>
   Vi+t lyft adle gif se mu+d sie woh o+t+te won, nim
cellendran, gnid on wifes meolce, do on +t+at hale eare.
<R 47.1.2>
Him bi+t sona sel.
Eft, nim cellendran, adrig, gewyrc to duste, gemeng +t+at
dust wi+t wifes meoluc +te w+apned fede, awring 
+turh h+awenne cla+d & smire +t+at hale wonge mid &
drype on +t+at eare w+arlice.
<R 47.1.5>
Wyrc +tonne be+tinge, genim brembel rinde & elm rinde, +asc
rinde, slah+torn rinde, apuldor rinde, ifig 
rinde, ealle +tas nio+towearde & hwerhwettan, smeru wyrt,
eofor fearn, elene, +alf+tone, betonice, marubie, 
redic, agrimonia, gescearfa +ta wyrta on cetel & wyl
swi+de.
<R 47.1.8>
+tonne hit sie swi+te gewylled do of +tam fyre & sete &
gewyrc +tam men setl ofer +tam citele & bewreoh 
+done man mid +t+at se +a+tm ne m+age ut nahw+ar butan he
m+age gee+tian, be+te hine mid +tisse be+tinge +ta
hwile +te he m+age ar+afnan.
<R 47.1.11>
Hafa him +tonne o+ter b+a+t geara, genim +amet bed mid
ealle, +tara +te hwilum fleoga+d, beo+t reade, wyl 
on w+atre, be+te hine mid ongemethatum.
<R 47.1.13>
Wyrc him +tonne sealfe, nim +alces +tara cynnes wyrta, wyl on
buteran, smire mid +ta saran limu.
<R 47.1.15>
Hie cwicia+t sona.
Wyrc him leage of ellen ahsan, +treah his heafod mid colre.
<R 47.1.16>
Him bi+t sona bet.
& se man l+ate him blod +alce mon+te on V nihta ealdne
monan & on fiftyne & on XX.
<P 340>
[}.XLVIII.}]
<R 48.1.1>
   Drenc wi+t fic adle, nim bulut & eofor+trotan nio+towearde &
wudu fillan & geaces suran & +afer+tan, gescearfa 
+tas wyrta tosomne, do on gellet innan, l+at standan
neahterne +ar +tu hine drince.
<R 48.1.3>
Wyrc be+tinge, nim +t+at reade ryden, do on trig, h+at
+tonne stanas swi+te hate, lege on +t+at trig innan 
& he sitte on stole ofer +t+are be+tinge +t+at hio hine
m+age tela gereocan & bewreoh +t+at sio h+ato m+age hine tela
gereocan.
<R 48.1.6>
+tonne fealla+d +ta fic wyrmas on +ta be+tinge.
Him bi+t sona sel.
<R 48.1.7>
Drince +tone drenc +ar +t+are be+tinge.
Gif he +tonne +ta be+tinge +turhteon ne m+age drince +tone
drenc +alce d+age o+t +t+at him sel sie.
[}.XLVIIII.}]
<R 49.1.1>
   Vi+t sculdor w+arce & earma wyl betonican on ealo+d, sele
drincan gelome & simle smire hine +at fyre mid wenwyrte.
[}.L.}]
<R 50.1.1>
   Gif cneow sar sie cnua beolenan & hemlic, be+te mid & lege
on.
[}.LI.}]
<R 51.1.1>
   Gif se fot sar sie, ellen leaf & wegbr+adan & mucgwyrt 
gecnua & lege on & gebind hat +t+ar on.
[}.LII.}]
<R 52.1.1>
   Gif +tu ne m+age blod dolh forwri+tan nim niwe horses tord,
adrig on sunnan, gegnid to duste swi+te wel, 
lege +t+at dust swi+te +ticce on linenne cla+t, wri+t mid
+ty +t+at dolh.
[}.LIII.}]
<R 53.1.1>
   Gif meoluc sie awyrd bind tosomne wegbr+adan & gi+trifan &
cersan, lege on +tone fildcumb & ne sete 
+t+at f+at ni+ter on eor+tan seofon nihtum.
<P 342>
[}.LIIII.}]
<R 54.1.1>
   Wyrc sealfe wi+d nihtgengan, wyl on buteran elehtran,
hegerifan, bisceopwyrt, reade mag+tan, cropleac, 
sealt, smire mid.
<R 54.1.2>
Him bi+d sona sel.
[}.LV.}]
<R 55.1.1>
   Gif men sio heafod panne beo gehlenced alege +tone man
upweard, drif II stacan +at +tam eaxlum, lege 
+tonne bred +tweores ofer +ta fet, sleah +tonne +triwa on
mid slege bytle.
<R 55.1.3>
Hio g+a+t on riht sona.
[}.LVI.}]
<R 56.1.1>
   Gif men nelle myltan his mete, ni+teweard clate & merce &
sundcornes leaf wyl on eala+t, sele drincan.
[}.LVII.}]
<R 57.1.1>
   Vi+t wif gem+adlan geberge on neaht nestig r+adices moran.
+ty d+age ne m+ag +te se gem+adla sce+t+tan.
[}.LVIII.}]
<R 58.1.1>
   Wi+t feondes costunge, rud molin hatte wyrt, weaxe+t be
yrnendum w+atre, gif +tu +ta on +te hafast & under 
+tinum heafod bolstre & ofer +tines huses durum ne m+ag
+te deofol sce+t+tan inne ne ute.
[}.LVII[{II.{] }]
<R 59.1.1>
   Wi+t +teor wenne, gif he sie men on cneowe o+t+te on o+trum
lime wyrc clam of surre rigenre grut o+d+de 
dage, do +ages hwit to & broc cersan, lege on +t+at lim
o+t +t+at se clam hatige, do of +tone, lege o+terne +t+ar on.
<P 344>
[}.LX.}]
<R 60.1.1>
   Vyrc gode earsealfe, hundes tunge ni+teweard & singrene &
sinfulle, tunhofe nio+toweard, cele+tonian
leaf, garleac, cropleac, do on win o+d+de on eced, wring
+turh h+awenne cla+d on +t+at eare, l+at standan
III niht +ar +tu hine on do.
<R 60.1.4>
Eft, nim cropleac & sinfullan, gecnua hwon wines to & wring
on +t+at eare.
<R 60.1.5>
Him bi+t sona sel.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 352>
[}.LXV.}]
<R 65.1.1>
   Gif man sie gegymed & +tu hine gelacnian scyle, geseoh 
+t+at he sie toweard +tonne +tu ingange.
<R 65.1.2>
+tonne m+ag he libban.
Gif he +te sie framweard ne gret +tu hine ahte.
<R 65.1.3>
Gif he libban m+age wyl on buteran betonican, 
<P 354>
gy+trifan, gearwan, polleian, dolhrunan, awring +turh cla+t, 
l+at standan.
<R 65.1.4>
Geh+at scenc fulne cu wearmre meolce, do +t+are sealfe V
sn+ada +t+ar on, supe on neaht nestig & ete
fersc fl+asc +t+ar +t+ar hit f+atost sie.
<R 65.1.6>
& +ticge on niht +ta sealfe & +t+at dolh fet mid ealdan
swice o+t+te mid ferscre buteran.
<R 65.1.7>
+tonne hit sie cl+ane & wel read lacna mid +ta ilcan sealfa &
ne l+at tosomne gif hio sie cl+ane, l+at si+t+tan tosomne.
<R 65.1.9>
Gif hit nelle for +tisum l+acedome batian wyl on meolcum +ta
readan gearwan & finul, linwyrt, ealra gelice, 
l+at aweallan V si+tum, awring +turh cla+d.
<R 65.1.11>
Gebriw wel swi+tne briw +t+ar on mid hw+ate melwe & gesceaf
godes weaxes ane sn+ade +t+ar on & hrer tosomne, 
l+at gecolian, genim haran wulle lytle sn+ade III,
bewind mid +ty briwe utan +t+at he m+age forswelgan 
& besupe mid cu wearmum.
[}.LXVI.}]
<R 66.1.1>
   Drenc gif +teor sie on men, nim +tas wyrte nio+tewearde,
finol, bisceopwyrt, +asc+trotan, ealra emfela, 
+tissa twega m+ast, ufewearde rudan & betonican, ofgeot mid
hluttrum eala+t & gesinge III m+assan 
ofer & drince ymb II niht +t+as +te he ofgoten sie +ar
his mete & +after.
[}.LXVII.}]
<R 67.1.1>
   Vi+t deofol seoce do on halig w+ater & on eala bisceopwyrte,
hindhiolo+tan, agrimonian, alexandrian,
gy+trifan, sele him drincan.
<R 67.1.2>
Eft, cassuc, +tefan +torn, stan crop, elehtre, finul,
eofor+trote, cropleac, ofgeot gelice.
<R 67.1.3>
Eft spiwe drenc wi+d deofle, nim micle hand 
<P 356>
fulle secges & gl+adenan, do on pannan, geot micelne bollan 
fulne eala+t on, bewyl healf, gegnid XX lybcorna, do
on +t+at.
<R 67.1.6>
+tis is god drenc wi+t deofle.
[} [{LXVIII.{] }]
<R 68.1.1>
   Leoht drenc wi+t weden heorte, elehtre, bisceopwyrt,
+alf+tone, elene, cropleac, hind hiolo+te, ontre, 
clate, nim +tas wyrta +tonne d+ag & niht scade, sing
+arest on ciricean letania & credan & pater noster.
<R 68.1.3>
Gang mid +ty sange to +tam wyrtum, ymbga hie +triwa +ar +tu
hie nime & ga eft to ciricean, gesing XII 
m+assan ofer +tam wyrtum +tonne +tu hie ofgoten h+abbe.
[}.LXVIIII.}]
<R 69.1.1>
   Gif men sie maga asurod & for+tunden genim holen leafa 
micle twa hand fulla, gescearfa swi+te smale, 
wyl on meolcum o+t +t+at hie syn wel mearuwe, pusla sn+ad
m+alum, ete +tonne VI sn+ada on morgen III 
& on +afen III & +after his mete.
<R 69.1.4>
Do +tus VIIII niht, leng gif him +tearf sie.
<R 69.2.1>
   Gif mon bi+t a+tunden ete rudan & drince, he bi+t hal.
<R 69.3.1>
   Wi+t magan w+arce, rudan s+ad & cwic seolfor & eced bergen 
on neaht nestig.
<R 69.3.2>
Eft, gnid on eced & on w+ater polleian, sele drincan.
Sona +t+at sar toglit.
[}.LXX.}]
<R 70.1.1>
   Vi+t wambe w+arce ofgeot polleian & drince & sume binde to
+tam nafolan & wite georne +t+at sio wyrt aweg ne aglide.
<R 70.1.2>
Sona bi+t sel.
<P 358>
<R 70.2.1>
   Wi+t magan w+arce, wudu +tistles +tone grenan mearh +te 
bi+t on +tam heafde sele him etan mid hatan ele.
<R 70.3.1>
   Vi+t wambe heardnesse gecl+ansa gi+tcorn, gnid on ceald
w+ater, sele him drincan.
[}.LXXI.}]
<R 71.1.1>
   Wi+t springe gnid saluian wi+t hunig, smire mid.
Sona bi+t sel.
Eft, wyrc sealfe, nim hand fulle spring wyrte & hand fulle
wegbr+adan & hand fulle mag+tan & hand 
fulle ni+dewearde doccan +t+are +te swimman, wille on butran,
ahlyttre +t+at sealt of & +t+at fam, do hwon
huniges to englisces, do ofer fyr, awyl.
<R 71.1.5>
+tonne hit wealle sing III pater noster ofer, do eft of,
sing +tonne VIIII si+tum pater noster on
& +triwa awyl & swa gelome, of ado & lacna mid si+t+tan.
[}.LXXII.}]
<R 72.1.1>
   Vi+t +t+are geolwan adle ofgeot +tas wyrte mid swi+te 
beore, ribban hand fulle, cwic rinda hand fulle,
VIIII sn+ada ni+teweardre +asc+trotan & VIIII
ni+teweardre eolenan.
<R 72.2.1>
Eft, dile, celendre, saluian m+ast, wyl on swi+tum beore
+t+at hit sie +ticce & grene, nim ni+tewearde 
eolenan, gesni+t on hunig, ete swa manige sn+ada swa he
m+age, gedrince +t+as drences scenc fulne +after 
& eal +t+at f+ac ete sceapen fl+asc & nan o+ter.
[}.LXXIII.}]
<R 73.1.1>
   Gif men sie innelfe ute gecnua galluc, awring +turh cla+d 
on cu wearme meolce, w+at +tine handa +t+ar on 
& gedo +t+at innelfe on +tone man, geseowe mid seolce, wyl
him +tonne galluc VIIII morgnas butan 
him leng +tearf sie, fed hine mid fersce h+anne fl+asc.



<B COBOETH>
<Q O2 XX PHILO BOETHAL>
<N BOETH ALFRED>
<A ALFRED>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T PHILOSOPHY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ALFRED'S BOETHIUS.
KING ALFRED'S OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF
BOETHIUS DE CONSOLATIONE PHILOSOPHIAE.
ED. W. J. SEDGEFIELD.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1899.
PP. 74.15  - 79.7   (XXXIII)  (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 82.18  - 89.3   (XXXIV)   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 89.24  - 94.13            (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 117.1  - 124.1  (XXXVIII) (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 126.28 - 135.21 (XXXIX)   (SAMPLE 5)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B9.3.2^]
<P 74>
<R 33.74.15>
[{+ta{] se Wisdom +ta +tis leo+d [{asungen{] h+afde, +da
ongan he eft spellian & +tus cw+a+d: Genog ic +te h+abbe 
nu gereaht ymb +da anlicnessa & emb +da sceaduwa +t+are so+dan
ges+al+de.
<R 33.74.18>
Ac gif +tu nu sweotole gecnawan meaht +ta anlicnesse +t+are
so+dan [{ges+al+de{] +tonne is si+d+dan +dearf +t+at ic
+te hi selfe get+ace.
<R 33.74.20>
+ta andwyrde ic & cw+a+d: Nu ic ongite genog openlice +t+atte
+alces goodes genog nis on +dissum 
[{woruldwelum{] , ne +alt+awe anwald nis on nanum weoruldrice, 
ne se so+da weor+dscipe nis on +tisse weorulde, ne +ta
m+astan m+ar+da ne sint on +dysse woruldgylpe, ne sio hehste
blis nis on +tam fl+asclicum lustum.
<R 33.74.25>
+da andsworede se Wisdom & [{cw+a+d{] : Hw+a+ter +tu nu fullice
ongite forhwy hit +tonne swa sie?
<R 33.74.26>
+da andswarede ic & cw+a+d: [{+teah{] ic his nu hw+athwugu
ongite, ic wolde hit +teah fullicor & openlicor 
of +de ongitan.
<R 33.74.28>
+da andsworode se [{Wisdom{] & cw+a+d: Genog sweotol hit is
+t+atte God is anfeald & untod+alendlic, +teah 
hine dysige men on m+anig tod+alen, [{+tonne{] hi dwoliende
seca+d +t+at hehste 
<P 75>
god on +da s+amran gesceafta.
<R 33.75.1>
Hw+a+ter +tu [{nu{] wene +t+at se nauhtes maran ne +tyrfe se
+te m+astne anwald h+af+d +tisse worulde?
<R 33.75.3>
+ta andsworede ic eft & cw+a+d: Ne secge ic no +t+at he
nauhtes maran ne +dyrfe, for+d+am ic wat +t+at nan 
nis +t+as welig +t+at he sumes eacan ne +tyrfe.
<R 33.75.5>
+da andswarode se Wisdom & cw+a+d: [{Genog{] [{rihte{] +tu
s+agst; +teah hwa anwald h+abbe, gif o+der h+af+d maran,
+tonne [{be+tearf{] se unstrengra +t+as [{strengran{]
fultumes.
<R 33.75.8>
+da cw+a+d ic: Eall hit is swa +tu s+agst.
<R 33.75.9>
+da cw+a+d se Wisdom: +teah mon nu [{anweald{] & genyht to
tw+am +tingum nemne, [{+teah{] hit is an.
<R 33.75.10>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Swa me +tinc+d.
<R 33.75.11>
+da he cw+a+d: Wenstu nu [{+t+at{] se anwald & +t+at geniht
sie to forseonne o+d+de eft swi+dor to weor+dianne 
+tonne o+dre good?
<R 33.75.13>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Ne [{m+ag{] n+anne mon +t+as tweogan +t+atte
anwald & genyht is to weor+dianne.
<R 33.75.15>
+da cw+a+d he: Uton nu, gif +de swa +tince, ecan +tone anwald
& +t+at geniht, don +t+ar weor+dscipe to, & 
gereccan +tonne +ta +treo to anum.
<R 33.75.17>
+da andswarode ic & cw+a+d: Uton +t+as, for+d+am hit is so+d.
<R 33.75.18>
+da cw+a+d he: Hwe+ter +te +tonne +tince unweor+d & unm+arlic
sio gegaderunc +tara +driora +tinga +tonne +ta +trio
bio+d to anum gedon, o+d+de hw+a+der hit +te eft +tince
eallra +tinga weor+tlicos+d & m+arlicost?
<R 33.75.21>
[{Gif{] +tu nu +anigne mon cu+de +tara +te h+afde +alces
+tinces anwald & +alcne weor+dscipe h+afde, swa for+d +t+at
he na maran ne +dorfte, ge+tenc nu hu weor+dlic & hu
forem+arlic +te wolde se man +tincan.
<R 33.75.25>
& +teah he nu +ta +treo h+afde, gif he n+are hliseadig, +tonne
w+are him +teah sumes weor+dscipes wana.
<R 33.75.26>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag ic +t+as [{o+dsacan{] .
<R 33.75.27>
+ta cw+a+d he: Hu ne is +t+at +donne genog sweotol +t+at we
sculon don +ta hliseadignesse to [{+t+am{] +trim, & 
don +ta feower to anum?
<R 33.75.29>
+da cw+a+d ic: +t+at is cyn.
<R 33.75.30>
+ta cw+a+d he: Hw+a+ter +tu [{nu{] wene +t+at se auht bli+de
sie +de ealle +tas [{feower{] h+af+d?
<R 33.75.31>
Fifte bi+d seo blis, & m+ag don eall +t+at he wile, & nanes
+tinges maran ne be+tearf +tonne he h+af+d.
<R 33.75.33>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag ic n+afre ge+tencan, gif he swylc w+are
& +t+at eall h+afde, hwonan him +anig unrotnes
<P 76>
cuman sceolde.
<R 33.76.1>
+da cw+a+d he: Swa+teah is to ge+tencanne +t+at +da fif +ting
+te we +ar ymb [{spr+acon{] , +teah hi tonemde sien 
mid wordum, +t+at hit is eall an +ting, +tonne hi gegaderede
bio+d; +t+at is anwald & genyht & forem+arnes &
weor+dscipe & blis.
<R 33.76.4>
+ta fif [{+ding{] , +tonne hi ealle gegaderade bio+d, +tonne
bi+d +t+at God; for+d+am +ta fif eall nan mennisc man
fullice habban ne m+ag +da hwile +te he on +tisse worulde
bi+d.
<R 33.76.7>
Ac +tonne +ta fif +ting, swa we +ar cw+adon, eall gegadorede
bio+d, +tonne bi+d hit eall an +ting, & +t+at an
+ding bi+d God; & he bi+d anfeald untod+aled, +teah he +ar
[{on{] m+anig tonemned w+are.
<R 33.76.10>
+da andsworede ic & cw+a+d: +tisses ic eom ealles ge+tafa.
<R 33.76.12>
+ta cw+a+d he: +teah nu God anfeald sie & untod+aled, swa swa
he is, se mennisca gedwola hine tod+ale+d on
m+anig mid heora unnyttum wordum.
<R 33.76.14>
+alc mon tiohha+d him +t+at to selestum goode +d+at +t+at he
swi+dust lufa+d; +tonne lufa+d sum +d+at, sum elles
hw+at.
<R 33.76.16>
+t+at bi+d +tonne his god +t+at he +t+ar swi+dost lufa+d.
<R 33.76.17>
+tonne hi +tonne heora God on swa monige d+alas to d+ala+d,
+tonne meta+d hi nau+ter ne God selfne ne +tone
d+al godes +de hi swi+dor lufia+d.
<R 33.76.19>
+tonne hi hine selfne don ealne +atg+adere, nabba+d +tonne
nau+der ne hine ealne ne +tone d+al +te hi +t+arof
dydon.
<R 33.76.21>
For+dy ne fint +alc mon +t+at he sec+d for+dy he hit on riht
ne sec+d.
<R 33.76.22>
Ge seca+d +t+at ge findan ne magon, +tonne ge seca+d eal good
on anum [{goode{] .
<R 33.76.23>
+da cw+a+d ic: +t+at is so+d.
<R 33.76.24>
+da cw+a+d he: +tonne se mon w+adla bi+d ne wilna+d he nanes
anwealdes, ac he wilna+d welan & flih+d +ta 
w+adle; ne [{swinc+d{] he nauht +after +t+am hu he forem+arost
sie, ne nan man eac ne begit +t+at he +after ne 
swinc+d.
<R 33.76.27>
He +tonne win+d ealle his weoruld +after +t+am welan, &
forl+at m+anigne weoruldlust wi+d +t+am +te he +tone 
welan begete & gehealde, for+t+am +te his hine lyst ofer eal
o+dru +ting.
<R 33.76.30>
Gif he hine +tonne beget, +tonne +tinc+d him +t+at he n+abbe
genog buton he h+abbe [{eac{] anwald +t+arto, 
for+t+am+te him +tinc+d +t+at he ne m+age +tone welan buton 
anwalde gehealdan.
<R 33.76.33>
Ne him eac n+afre genog 
<P 77>
ne +tinc+d +ar he h+abbe eal +t+at
hine lyst, for+don +te +tone welan lyst anwaldes,
& +tone anwald lyst weor+dscipes, & +tone weor+dscipe lyst
m+ar+da.
<R 33.77.3>
Si+d+dan he +t+as welan full bi+d, +tonne +tinc+d him +t+at he
h+abbe +alcne willan gif he [{h+abbe{] anwald.
<R 33.77.4>
& ges+al+t ealne +tone welan +after +t+am anwalde, buton he
hine mid l+assan begitan m+age; & forl+at +alcne
o+derne [{weor+dscipe{] wi+d +d+am +te he m+age to +d+am
[{anwealde{] cuman.
<R 33.77.7>
& +tonne gebyre+d oft, [{+tonne{] he eall wi+d anwalde geseald
h+af+d +t+at +t+at he h+afde, +t+at he n+af+d nau+der 
ne +tone anwald ne eac +t+at [{+t+at{] he wi+d sealde, ac
[{wyr+d{] +tonne swa earm +t+at he n+af+d fur+tum +ta
ned+tearfe ane; +t+at is wist & w+ada.
<R 33.77.11>
Wilna+d +teah +tonne +t+are ned+dearfe, n+as +t+as anwaldes.
<R 33.77.13>
We spr+acon +ar be +t+am fif ges+al+tum; +t+at is wela &
anwald & weor+dscipe & form+arnes & willa.
<R 33.77.14>
Nu h+abbe we gereaht be welan & be anwalde, & +t+at ilce we
[{magon{] reccan be +t+am +trim +de we [{unareht{] 
habba+d; +t+at is weor+dscipe & forem+arnes & willa.
<R 33.77.17>
+ta +trio +tincg, & +ta tu +te we +ar nemdon, +teah hwa wene
+t+at he on hiora anra hwylcum m+age habban 
fulla ges+al+da, ne bi+d hit no +dy hr+a+tor swa, +deah hi his
wilnigen, buton hi +ta fif ealle habben.
<R 33.77.20>
+da andsworede ic & cw+a+d: Hw+at sculon we +tonne don, nu +tu
cwist +t+at we ne m+agen on +dara anra hwylcum
+t+at hehste good habban & +ta fullan ges+al+da, ne we huru
ne wena+d +t+at ure anra hwelc +ta fif eall 
+atg+adre begite?
<R 33.77.24>
+da andsworede he & cw+d: Gif hwa wilna+d +t+at he +ta fif
eall h+abbe, +tonne wilna+d he +tara hehstena 
[{ges+al+da{] .
<R 33.77.26>
ac he ne m+ag +da fullice begitan on +disse weorulde, for+d+am
+teah he ealle [{+ta{] fif ges+al+da begite, 
+tonne ne bi+d [{hit{] +teah +t+at hehste good ne +ta 
[{selestan{] [{ges+al+da{] ; for+d+am hi ne bio+d ece.
<R 33.77.29>
+ta andswarode ic & cw+a+d: Nu ic ongite genog sweotole +t+at
+da selestan ges+al+da ne sint on +tisse 
weorulde.
<R 33.77.31>
+ta cw+a+d he: Ne +tearf nan mon on +dys andweardan life
spyrian +after +t+am so+dum ges+al+dum, ne +t+as 
<P 78>
wenan +d+at he +ar m+age good genog findan.
<R 33.78.1>
+da cw+a+d ic: So+d +tu s+agst.
<R 33.78.3>
+Ta cw+a+d he: Ic wene [{nu{] +t+at ic +te h+abbe genog ges+ad
[{ymb{] +da leasan ges+al+da, ac ic wolde nu +t+at +du 
wende +tin inge+tonc from +t+am leasum ges+al+dum; +tonne
ongitst +tu swi+de hr+a+de +ta so+dan ges+al+da +te ic +de
+ar gehet +t+at ic +te eowian wolde.
<R 33.78.7>
+ta cw+a+t ic: Ge fur+dum +ta dysegan men ongita+d +t+atte
fulla ges+al+da sint, +teah hi +t+ar ne sien +t+ar hi 
heora wena+d.
<R 33.78.9>
+tu me gehete nu lytle +ar +t+at +du hi wolde me get+acan.
<R 33.78.10>
ac +t+as me +tinc+d +d+at +t+at bio sio so+de & sio fulfremede
ges+al+d +de m+ag +alcum hire folgera sellan 
+durhwunigendne welan & ecne anwald & singalne weor+dscipe & 
ece m+ar+da & fulle geniht.
<R 33.78.13>
Ge fur+dum +t+at ic cwe+de sie sio so+de ges+al+d +te an
+dissa fifa m+ag fullice forgifan, for+d+am+te on +alcum
anum hi sint eall.
<R 33.78.15>
For+d+am ic secge +tas word +de for+ty ic wille +t+at +du wite
+d+at se cwide swi+de f+ast is on minum mode, 
swa f+ast +t+at his me nan mon gedwellan ne m+ag.
<R 33.78.17>
+ta cw+a+d he: Eala, cniht, +ty +tu eart ges+alig +t+at +tu
hit swa ongiten h+afst; ac ic wolde +t+at wyt 
spyredon get +after +t+am +te +te wana is.
<R 33.78.20>
+da cw+a+t ic: Hw+at is +t+at +donne?
+ta cw+a+d he: Wenst +du hw+a+der +anig +tissa andweardana
gooda +te m+age sellan fulle ges+al+da?
<R 33.78.22>
+da andswarode ic & [{cw+a+d{] : Nat ic nan wuht on +dys
andweardan life +te swilc gifan m+age.
<R 33.78.24>
+da cw+a+d he: +tas andweardan good sint anlicnessa +t+as ecan
goodes, n+as ful goode, [{for+tam{] hi ne magon
so+d good & ful good forgifan hiora folgerum.
<R 33.78.26>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Ic eom genog wel ge+tafa +t+as +te +tu s+agst.
<R 33.78.27>
+da cw+a+d he: Nu +du +tonne wast hw+at +da leasan ges+al+da
sint & hw+at +ta [{so+tan{] [{ges+al+da{] sint, nu ic 
wolde +t+at +tu leornodest hu +tu mihtest becuman to +tam 
so+tum ges+al+dum.
<R 33.78.31>
+da cw+a+d ic: Hu ne gehete +tu me gefyrn +ar +t+at +du hit
wolde me get+acan, & me lyste nu +t+at swi+de 
georne geheran.
<P 79>
<R 33.79.1>
+da cw+a+d he: Hw+at sculon we nu don to +ton +t+at we m+agen
cuman to +t+am [{so+dum{] ges+al+dum?
<R 33.79.2>
Hw+a+ter we scylen biddan +tone godcundan fultum +ag+der ge on
l+assan ge on [{maran{] , swa swa ure u+dwita 
s+ade, Plato?
<R 33.79.4>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Ic wene +t+at we scylen biddan +tone f+ader
ealra +tinga; for+d+am se +de hine biddan nyle 
+tonne ne gemet he hine, ne fur+tum ryhtne weg wi+d his ne 
areda+d.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 82>
<R 34.82.18>
+Da se Wisdom +ta +dis leo+d & +tis gebed asungen h+afde, +ta
ongan he eft spellian & +tus cw+a+d: Ic wene 
+t+at hit sie nu +arest +tearf +t+at ic +de [{gerecce{] hw+ar
+t+at hehste good is, nu ic +de +ar h+afde gereaht hw+at
hit w+as, o+d+de hwylc +t+at medeme good w+as, hwylc +t+at
unmedeme.
<R 34.82.22>
Ac anes +tinges ic +te wolde +arest acsian: Hw+a+der +tu wene
+t+at +anig +ting on +tisse worulde swa good sie
+t+at hit +de m+age [{forgifan{] fulla ges+al+da?
<R 34.82.25>
+de ic +de ascige +ty ic nolde +t+at unc beswice +anegu leas
[{anlicnes{] for so+da ges+al+da.
<R 34.82.26>
For+dy [{nan{] [{mon{] ne m+ag o+dsacan +t+at sum good ne sie
+t+at hehste, swa swa sum micel +awelm & diop, & 
irnen m+anege brocas & ri+da of.
<R 34.82.28>
For+dy mon cwi+d be sumum goode +t+at hit ne sie ful good,
for+d+am him bi+d hw+ashwugu wana; & +teah ne bi+d
ealles butan, for+d+am +te +alc +ting wyr+d to nauhte gif hit
nauht goodes on him 
<P 83>
n+af+d.
<R 34.83.1>
Be +ty +du meaht ongitan +t+at of +tam m+astan goode cuma+d
[{+da{] l+assan god, n+as of +d+am l+assan +t+at m+aste, 
+ton [{ma{] +te sio ea m+ag weor+dan to +awelme.
<R 34.83.3>
Ac se +awelm m+ag weor+dan to ea, & +teah sio ea cym+d eft to
+d+am +awelme; swa cym+d +alc good of Gode & 
eft to him, & he is +t+at fulle god & +t+at fullfremede, +t+at
nanes willan wana ne bi+d.
<R 34.83.6>
Nu +tu meaht sweotole ongitan +t+at +t+at is good self.
<R 34.83.7>
Hwi ne meaht +du ge+tencan, gif nanwuht full n+are, +tonne
n+are nan wuht wana, & gif nan wuht wana 
n+are, +tonne n+are nan wuht full?
<R 34.83.10>
For+ty bi+d +anig +ting full +te sum bi+d wana, & for+dy bi+d
+anig +ting wana +de sum bi+d full; +alc +ting bi+d
fullost on his agnum earda.
<R 34.83.12>
Hwy ne meaht +tu +tonne ge+dencan, gif on +anegum +tissa
eor+dlicena gooda +aniges willan & +aniges goodes
wana is, +tonne is sum good full +alces willan, & nis nanes
goodes wana?
<R 34.83.15>
+da andsworede ic & cw+a+d: Swi+de rihtlice & [{swi+de{]
gesceadwislice +tu h+afst me ofercumen & gefangen, 
+t+at ic ne m+ag no wi+dcwe+dan ne fur+dum ongean +d+at 
+tencan, buton +t+at hit is eall swa swa +tu s+agst.
<R 34.83.20>
+ta cw+a+d se Wisdom: Nu ic wolde +t+at +du +dohte geornlice
o+d +t+at +du ongeate hw+ar sio fulle ges+al+d sie.
<R 34.83.21>
Hu ne wast +tu nu +d+atte eall moncyn is anmodlice ge+tafa
+t+at God is fruma ealra gooda & waldend ealra
gesceafta?
<R 34.83.23>
He is +t+at hehste good, ne n+anne mon nu +t+as ne tweo+d;
for+d+am +te hi nauht niton betere, ne fur+dum 
nauht emngoodes.
<R 34.83.25>
For+d+am us s+ag+d +alc gesceadwisnes & ealle men +t+at ilce
andetta+d +t+at God sie +t+at hehste good, 
for+t+am+te hi tacnia+d +t+atte eall good on him sien.
<R 34.83.28>
for+d+am gif hit swa n+are, +tonne n+are he +t+at +t+at he
gehaten is; o+d+de +anig +ting +ar w+are o+d+de +alt+awre,
+tonne w+are +t+at betere +tonne he.
<R 34.83.30>
Ac for+d+am+te nan +ting n+as +ar +tonne he ne +alt+awre
+tonne he ne diorwyr+dre +tonne he, for+d+am he is fruma
& +awelm & hrof eallra gooda.
<R 34.83.32>
Genog 
<P 84>
sweotol hit is +d+at +t+at fulle good w+as +ar+d+am +te
+t+at wana.
<R 34.84.1>
+t+at is to gelefanne +t+at se hehsta God sie +alces godes
fullast, +tyl+as we leng sprecen ymb +tonne we 
ne +tyrfen.
<R 34.84.3>
Se ilca God is, swa swa we +ar s+adon, +t+at hehste good & +ta
selestan ges+al+da, nu hit is openlice cu+d
+t+at +da selestan ges+al+da on nanum o+drum gesceaftum ne
sint buton on Gode.
<R 34.84.6>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Ic eom ge+tafa.
<R 34.84.8>
+da cw+a+d he: Ic +te healsige +t+at +du gesceadwislice +t+at
ongite +t+atte God is full +alcere 
fullfremednesse & +alces godes & +alcere ges+al+de.
<R 34.84.10>
+da cw+a+t ic: Ic ne m+ag fullice ongitan forhwy +du eft
s+agst +t+at ilce +t+at +du +ar s+adest.
<R 34.84.11>
+ta cw+a+d he: For+dy ic [{hit{] +te secge eft, +ty ic nolde
+t+at +du wende +t+at se God +te f+ader is and fruma 
eallra gesceafta, +t+at him ahwonan utan come his sio hea
goodnes +te he full is.
<R 34.84.14>
Ne ic eac nolde +t+at +du wende +t+atte o+der w+are his god &
his ges+al+d, o+der he self.
<R 34.84.16>
for+d+am gif +du wenst +t+at him ahwonan utan come +ta good
+te he h+af+d, +tonne w+are +t+at +ding betre +te hit
him from come +tonne he, gif hit swa w+are.
<R 34.84.18>
Ac +t+at is swi+de dyslic & swi+de micel syn +t+at mon +t+as
wenan scyle be Gode, o+d+de eft wenan +t+at +anig 
+ting +ar him w+are o+d+de betre +donne he o+d+de him gelic.
<R 34.84.21>
Ac we sculon bion ge+tafan +t+atte se God sie ealra +tinga
betst.
<R 34.84.22>
Gif +tu nu gelyfst +t+atte an God sie, swa swa on monnum bi+d:
o+der bi+d se mon, +t+at bi+d saul & lichoma,
o+der bi+d his godnes.
<R 34.84.24>
+ta gegadera+d God & [{eft{] , +atg+adre gehelt & gemetga+d:
gif +tu +tonne gelefst +t+at hit swa sie on Gode, 
+tonne scealt +tu nede gelefan +t+at sum anwald sie mara 
+tonne his, +t+at +tonne his swa gesomnige swa he 
+tone urne de+d.
<R 34.84.28>
Hw+at, +alc +ting +te tosceaden bi+d from o+drum bi+d o+der,
[{o+ter{] +t+at +ting, +teah hi +atg+adre sien; gif 
+tonne hwylc +ting tosceaden bi+d from +t+am hehstan goode, 
+tonne ne bi+d +t+at no +t+at hehste good.
<R 34.84.31>
+t+at is [{+teah{] micel syn to ge+dencanne be Gode, +t+atte
+anig god sie buton on him, o+d+de +anig 
<P 85>
from him ad+aled, for+d+am+te nan wuht nis betere +tonne he, 
ne emngod him.
<R 34.85.2>
Hwilc +ting m+ag beon betre +tonne his sceppend?
<R 34.85.3>
For+d+am ic secge mid ryhtre gesceadwisnesse +t+at +t+at sie
+t+at hehste good on his agenre gecynde +t+atte
fruma is eallra +tinga.
<R 34.85.4>
+da cw+a+d ic: [{Nu{] +tu h+afst me nu swi+de rihte
oferreahtne.
<R 34.85.6>
+ta cw+a+d he: Hw+at, ic +tonne +ar s+ade +t+at +t+at hehste
good & sio hehste ges+al+d an w+are.
<R 34.85.7>
+da cw+a+d ic: Swa hit is.
+ta cw+a+d he: Hw+at, wille we +tonne secgan hw+at +t+at sie
elles buton God?
<R 34.85.9>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag ic +d+as o+dsacan, for+d+am +te ic his
w+as +ar ge+tafa.
<R 34.85.11>
+da cw+a+d he: Hw+a+der +tu hit a sweotolor ongitan m+age gif
ic +te sume bisne get ma secge?
<R 34.85.12>
Gif nu tu good w+aren +te ne meahton +atsomne bion, & w+aren
+teah buto goode, hu ne w+are hit +tonne 
genog sweotol +t+at hiora n+are nau+der +t+at o+der?
<R 34.85.15>
for+dy ne m+ag +t+at fulle god bion no tod+aled.
<R 34.85.16>
Hu m+ag hit bion +ag+ter ge full ge wana?
For+d+am we cwe+da+d +t+at sio fulle ges+al+d & god +t+at hi
sien an good, & +t+at sie +t+at hehste; +ta ne magon
n+afre weor+dan tod+alede.
<R 34.85.18>
Hu ne sculon we +tonne nede bion ge+tafan +t+atte sio hehste
ges+al+d & sio hea godcundnes [{an{] sie?
<R 34.85.20>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Nis nan +ting so+dre +tonne +t+at; ne magon we
nanwuht findan betere +tonne God.
<R 34.85.22>
+da cw+a+d he: Ac ic wolde giet [{mid{] sumre bisne +te
behwerfan utan +t+at +tu ne mihtst n+anne weg findan 
ofer.
<R 34.85.24>
swa swa u+dwitena gewuna is +t+at hi willa+d simle hw+athwugu
niwes & seldcu+tes eowian, +t+at hi m+agen mid
+ty aweccan +t+at mod +tara geherendra.
<R 34.85.27>
Hu ne h+afdon we +ar gereaht +t+at +da ges+al+ta & sio
godcundnes an w+are?
<R 34.85.28>
Se +te +tonne +ta ges+al+da h+af+d, +tonne h+af+d he +ag+ter,
se +te +tone +ag+ter h+af+d.
<R 34.85.29>
Hu ne bi+d se +tonne full eadig?
<R 34.85.30>
Hu ne wast +tu nu +t+at we cwe+da+d +t+at se bio wis +te
wisdom h+af+d, & rihtwis +te rihtwisnesse h+af+d?
<R 34.85.31>
Swa we cwe+da+d eac +t+at +t+at sie God +te +ta godcundnesse
h+af+d & +da 
<P 86>
ges+al+da, & +alc ges+alig [{mon{] bi+d God.
<R 34.86.1>
& +teah is an God, se is stemn & sta+dol eallra goda; of +t+am
cuma+d eall good, & eft hi fundia+d to 
him, & he welt ealra.
<R 34.86.3>
+teah he nu sie se fruma & se sta+dol ealra goodra & ealra
gooda, +teah is m+anig good +te of him cym+d;
swa swa ealle steorran weor+da+d onlihte & gebirhte of +t+are
sunnan, sume +teah beorhtor, sume 
unbeorhtor.
<R 34.86.7>
Swa eac se mona, swa [{miclum{] he lyht swa sio sunne hine
gescin+d; +tonne hio hine ealne geondscin+d, 
+tonne bi+d he eall beorht.
<R 34.86.9>
+da ic +ta +tis spell ongeat, +ta wear+d ic ag+alwed & swi+de
af+ared, & cw+a+d: Is +tis la wundorlic & wynsum
& gesceadwislic spell +t+at +du nu s+agst.
<R 34.86.12>
+da cw+a+d he: Nis nan wuht wynsumre ne gewisre +tonne +t+at
+ding +t+at +tis spell ymbe is & we nu embe 
sprecan willa+d; for+d+am me +tinc+d good +t+at we hit 
gemengen to +d+am +arran.
<R 34.86.15>
+da cw+a+d ic: Hw+at is +t+at, la?
<R 34.86.16>
+da cw+a+d he: Hw+at, +tu wast +d+at ic +te +ar s+ade +t+at
sio so+de ges+al+d w+are good, & of +t+are so+dan ges+al+de
cuma+d eall +da o+dru good +te we +ar embe spr+acon, & eft to.
<R 34.86.18>
swa swa of +t+are s+a cym+d +t+at w+ater innon +da eor+dan, &
+t+ar [{afersca+d{] ; cym+d +tonne up +at +t+am +awelme, 
wyr+d +tonne to broce, +tonne to ea, +tonne andlang ea, o+d 
hit wyr+d eft to s+a.
<R 34.86.22>
Ac ic wolde +te nu ascian hu +tu +tis spell understanden
h+afdest; hw+a+ter +tu wene +t+at +ta fif god +te we
oft +ar ymbe spr+acan, +t+at is anwald & weor+dscipe &
forem+arnes & genyht & blis, ic wolde witan hw+a+der
+tu wende +t+at +tas good w+aren limu +t+are so+tan
ges+al+te, swa swa monegu limu beo+d on anum men, & 
weor+da+d +teah ealle to anum lichoman.
<R 34.86.27>
o+d+de +tu wendest +t+at hwylc an +tara fif [{goda{] worhte
+ta so+dan ges+al+de, & si+t+tan +da feower good w+aren
hire good.
<R 34.86.29>
swa swa nu saul & lichoma wyrca+d anne mon, & se an mon h+af+d
m+anig lim, 
<P 87>
& +teah to +t+am tw+am, +t+at is 
to +t+are saule & to +t+am lichoman, belimpa+d ealle +tas 
+t+as monnes good ge gastlicu ge lichomlicu.
<R 34.87.3>
+t+at is nu +t+as lichoman good +t+at mon [{sie{] f+ager &
strang & lang & brad, & [{manegu{] [{o+tru{] good [{to{] eac
+t+am; & ne bi+d hit +teah se lichoma self, for+d+am +teah he
+tara gooda hwylc forleose, +teah he bi+d +t+at
he +aror w+as.
<R 34.87.7>
+tonne is +d+are saule good w+arscipe & gemetgung & ge+tyld &
rihtwisnes & wisdom, & manege swelce 
cr+aftas; & swa+teah bi+d o+ter sio saul, o+der bio+d hire 
cr+aftas.
<R 34.87.9>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ic wolde +t+at +du me s+adest get sweotolor ymb
+ta o+dru good +te to +d+are so+dan ges+al+de 
belimpa+d.
<R 34.87.11>
+da cw+a+d he: Ne s+ade ic +te +ar +t+at sio ges+al+d good
w+are?
<R 34.87.12>
Gyse, cw+a+d ic, ge +tu +t+at s+adest +t+at hio +t+at hehste
good w+are.
<R 34.87.13>
+da cw+a+d he: Eart +tu nu get ge+tafa +t+atte anweald &
weor+dscipe & forem+arnes & genyht & blis & sio 
eadignes & +t+at hehste god, +t+at +da sien eall an, & +t+at 
an +tonne sie god?
<R 34.87.16>
+da cw+a+d ic: Hu wille ic nu +t+as o+dsacan?
<R 34.87.17>
+ta cw+a+d he: Hw+a+ter +tinc+d +te +tonne +t+at +ta +tincg
sien, +de +dara so+dena ges+al+da limu, +te sio ges+al+d 
self?
<R 34.87.19>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ic wat nu hw+at +tu woldest witan; ac me lyste
bet +t+at +du me s+ade sume hwile ymb +t+at, 
+tonne +tu me ascode.
<R 34.87.21>
+ta cw+a+d he: Hu ne meaht +tu ge+dencan?
gif +ta good w+aron [{+taere{] [{so+tan{] ges+al+de limu,
+tonne w+aron hi hw+athwegu tod+aled; swa swa monnes 
lichoman limu bio+d hw+athwugu tod+aled.
<R 34.87.24>
Ac +tara lima gecynd is +t+at hi gewerca+d +anne lichoman, &
+teah ne bio+d eallunga gelice.
<R 34.87.25>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Ne +tearft +tu ma swincan ymbe +t+at; genog
sweotole +du h+afst me ges+ad +t+at +da good ne sint
[{nanwuht{] tod+aled from +d+are so+dan ges+al+de.
<R 34.87.28>
+ta cw+a+d he: Genog rihte +tu hit ongitst, nu +tu ongitst
+t+at +ta good ealle sint [{+t+at{] ilce +t+at ges+al+d 
is, & sio ges+al+d is +d+at [{hehste{] good, & +t+at hehste
good is God, & se [{God{] is semle on anum 
untod+aled.
<R 34.87.31>
+da cw+a+d ic: Nis +t+as nan tweo; ac ic wolde nu +t+at +du me
s+adest hw+athwugu uncu+des.
<P 88>
<R 34.88.1>
+da cw+a+d he: +t+at is nu sweotol +t+atte eall +ta good +te
we +ar ymbe spr+acon belimpa+d to +d+am hehstan 
goode, & +ti men seca+t god genog +te hi wena+d +t+at +d+at 
sie +t+at hehste good.
<R 34.88.4>
+ty hi seca+d anwald & eac eall o+dru good +te we +ar ymb
spr+acon, +dy hi wena+t +t+at hit sie +t+at hehste 
good.
<R 34.88.5>
Be +ty +tu meaht witan +t+at +t+at hehste good is hrof eallra
+dara o+dra gooda +te men wilnia+d & hi lyst, 
for+d+am+te n+anne mon ne lyst nanes +tinges buton goodes
o+d+de hw+ashwugu +t+as +de goode gelic bi+d.
<R 34.88.9>
Maniges +tinges hi wilnia+t +t+as +de full good ne bi+d, ac
hit h+af+d +teah hw+athwugu gelices goode.
<R 34.88.10>
For+d+am we cwe+da+d +t+at +t+at hehste good sie se hehsta
hrof eallra gooda & sio hior +de eall good on 
hwearfa+d, & eac +d+at +ting +te mon eall good fore de+d; for
+d+am +tinge men lyst +alces +tara gooda +te hi 
lyst.
<R 34.88.14>
+t+at +tu meaht swi+de sweotole ongitan be +t+am +te n+anne
mon ne lyst +t+as +tinges +te hine lyst ne +t+as +te 
he de+d, ac +t+as +te he mid +d+am earna+d.
<R 34.88.16>
for+d+am+de he wen+d, gif he +tonne lust begite & +t+at
+turhtio +t+at he +tonne getiohhad h+af+d, +t+at he +tonne
h+abbe fulle ges+al+da.
<R 34.88.18>
Hu ne wast +tu +t+at nan mon for+dy ne rit +te hine ridan
lyst, ac rit for +dy +te he mid +d+are rade [{earna+d{]
sume earnunga?
<R 34.88.20>
Sume mid +t+are rade earna+d sume +t+at hie sien +ty halran,
sume earnia+d +t+at hie sien +dy cafran, [{sume{] 
+t+at hy woldon cuman to sumre +tara stowa +te hi +donne to
[{fundia+d{] .
<R 34.88.23>
Hu ne is +de +tonne genog sweotol +t+atte men nanwuht swi+dor
ne lufia+d +tonne hi do+d +t+at hehste god?
<R 34.88.25>
for+d+am+te +alc wuht +t+as +de hi wilnia+d o+d+de do+d hi
do+d for+ty+te hi woldon habban +t+at hehste good on 
+d+am.
<R 34.88.27>
Ac hi dwolia+d sume on +d+am +te hi wena+d +d+at hi m+agen
habban full god & fulla [{ges+al+da{] on +tisum 
andweardum godum; ac +ta fullan ges+al+da & +t+at hehste good
[{is{] God self, swa swa we oft +ar s+adon.
<R 34.88.30>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag ic no ge+tencan hu ic +t+as o+dsacan
m+age.
<R 34.88.31>
+da cw+a+d he: Uton l+atan +tonne bion +ta spr+ace, & bion unc
+d+as orsorge, nu +du swa fullice ongiten 
h+afst +t+atte God simle bi+d 
<P 89>
untod+aledlic & full good, & +t+at
his good & sio his ges+al+d him nahwonan utane
ne com, ac w+as symle on him selfum, & nu is, & a bi+d.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 89>
<R 34.89.24>
+da se Wisdom +da +dis leo+d asungen h+afde, +ta cw+a+d ic: Ic
eom ge+tafa +t+as +te +tu s+agst, for+d+am+te +tu hit
h+afst gese+ded mid gesceadwislicere race.
<R 34.89.26>
+da cw+a+d he: Mid hu micle feo woldest +tu nu habban geboht
+t+at +tu meahte ongitan hw+at +t+at so+de god 
w+are, & hwylc hit w+are.
<R 34.89.29>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ic wolde f+agnian mid swi+de [{ungemetlice{]
gefean, & ic wolde mid [{unarimedum{] feo gebycgan
+t+at ic hit moste gesion.
<R 34.89.31>
+da cw+a+d he: Ic hit +te +tonne wille get+acan; ac +t+at an
ic +te bebiode, +t+at +tu +teah for +d+are 
<P 90>
t+acinge ne forgite +t+at +t+at ic +de +ar t+ahte.
<R 34.90.1>
+da cw+a+d ic: Nese, ne forgite ic hit no.
<R 34.90.2>
+da cw+a+d he: Hu ne s+adon we +te +ar +t+at +tis andwearde
lif +te we her wilnia+d n+are no +t+at hehste good, 
for+d+am hit w+are mislic & on swa manigfeald tod+aled, +t+at
hit nan mon ne m+ag eall habban +t+at him ne 
sie sumes +tinges wana?
<R 34.90.6>
Ic +de t+ahte +ta +t+at +t+ar w+are +d+at hehst+a god +t+ar
+t+ar +ta good [{ealle{] gegadrade bio+d, swelce hi sien to
anum wegge gegoten.
<R 34.90.8>
+tonne +t+ar bi+d full good +tonne +ta good ealle +te we +ar
ymb spr+acon beo+d to anum gode gegadrad; +tonne
ne bi+t [{+d+ar{] nanes goodes wana; +tonne +ta good ealle on
annesse bio+d, & sio annes bi+d on ecnesse.
<R 34.90.12>
Gif hi on ecnesse n+aren, +tonne n+are hiora swa swi+de to
girnanne.
<R 34.90.13>
+da cw+a+d ic: +t+at is ges+ad; ne m+ag ic no +t+as twiogean.
<R 34.90.14>
+ta cw+a+d he: +ar ic +te h+afde ges+ad +t+at +t+at n+are full
good +t+at eall +atg+adere n+are, for+d+am is +t+at fulle
good +t+at eall +atg+adre is untod+aled.
<R 34.90.16>
+da cw+a+d ic: Sw+a me +dinc+d.
<R 34.90.17>
+da cw+a+d he: Wenstu nu +t+at eall +da +ting +de gode sint on
+tisse weorulde for+dy goode sien +te hi h+abben
hw+athwugu goodes on him?
<R 34.90.19>
+da cw+a+d ic: Hw+as m+ag ic elles wenan?
<R 34.90.20>
hu ne is hit swa?
+da cw+a+d he: +tu scealt +teah gelyfan +d+at sio annes & sio
[{goodnes{] an +ding sie.
<R 34.90.21>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag ic +t+as o+dsacan.
<R 34.90.22>
+ta cw+a+d he: Hu ne meaht +tu ge+tencan +t+at +alc +ting m+ag
bion, ge on +tisse weorulde ge on +t+are 
toweardan, +ta hwile +te hit untod+aled bi+d?
<R 34.90.24>
+tonne ne bi+d hit eallunga swa swa hit +ar w+as.
<R 34.90.25>
+ta cw+a+d ic: Sege me +t+at sweotolor; ne m+ag [{ic{] fullice
ongitan +after hwam +tu spyrast.
<R 34.90.27>
+da cw+a+d he: Wast +tu hw+at mon sie?
+da cw+a+d ic: Ic wat +t+at hit bi+d sawl & lichoma.
<R 34.90.28>
+da cw+a+d he: [{Hw+at{] , +tu wast +t+at hit bi+d mon, +ta
hwile +te sio saul & se lichoma untod+alde bio+d; ne 
bi+d hit nan mon si+d+dan hi tod+alde bio+d.
<R 34.90.31>
Swa eac se lichoma bi+d lichoma +ta hwile +te he his limu
ealle h+af+d; gif he +tonne hwilc lim forlyst,
+tonne ne bi+d he eall swa he +ar w+as.
<R 34.90.33>
+t+at ilce +tu meaht 
<P 91>
ge+tencan be +alcum +tinge, +t+at nan
+ting ne bi+d swilce hit w+as si+d+dan hit wanian 
ongin+d.
<R 34.91.2>
+da cw+a+d ic: Nu ic [{hit{] wat.
<R 34.91.3>
+da cw+a+d he: Wenst +tu hw+a+der +anig gesceaft sie +te hire
willum nylle ealne weg bion, ac [{wille{] hire 
agnum willum [{forweor+dan{] ?
<R 34.91.6>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag ic nane cwuce [{wuht{] ongitan +tara
+te wite hw+at [{hit{] wille, o+d+de [{hw+at{] hit nylle,
+te ungened lyste forweor+dan.
<R 34.91.8>
for+d+am+te +alc wuht wolde bion hal & libban, +tara +te me
cwuco +dinc+d; bute ic nat be treowum & [{be{] 
wyrtum, & be swelcum gesceaftum swelce nane sawle nabba+d.
<R 34.91.11>
+da smearcode he & cw+a+d: Ne +tearft +tu no be +t+am
gesceaftum tweogan +ton ma +te be +d+am o+drum.
<R 34.91.13>
Hu ne meaht +tu gesion +t+at +alc wyrt & +alc wudu wile weaxan
on +t+am lande selest +te him betst gerist &
him gecynde bi+d & gewunlic, & +t+ar +t+ar hit gefret +t+at
hit hra+dost [{weaxan{] m+ag & latost wealowian?
<R 34.91.16>
Sumra wyrta o+d+de sumes wuda eard bi+d on dunum, sumra on
merscum, sumra on morum, sumra on cludum, 
sumra on [{barum{] sondum.
<R 34.91.19>
Nim +donne swa wuda swa wyrt, swa hw+a+der swa +tu wille, of
+t+are stowe +te his eard & +a+telo bi+d on to 
wexanne, & sete on ungecynde stowe him; +tonne ne [{gegrew+d{]
hit +t+ar nauht, ac forseara+d.
<R 34.91.22>
[{for+d+am{] +alces landes [{gecynd{] is +t+at hit him gelica
wyrta & gelicne wudu tydre, & hit swa de+d.
<R 34.91.24>
Fri+da+d & fyr+dra+d swi+de georne, swa lange swa hiora gecynd
bi+d +t+at hi growan moton.
<R 34.91.25>
Hw+at wenst +tu, forhwy +alc s+ad creope inon +ta eor+dan, &
to ci+dum & to wyrtrumum weor+de on +t+are 
eor+dan, buton for+dy +te hi tiohhia+d +t+at se stemn & se 
helm mote +ty f+astor & +te leng stondan?
<R 34.91.29>
Hwy ne meaht +tu ongitan, +teah +tu hit gesion ne m+age,
+t+at eall se d+al se +de +t+as treowes on twelf 
mon+dum gewex+d, +t+at he ongin+d of +t+am wyrtrumum & swa
upweardes grew+d o+d +done stemn, & si+d+dan andlang 
+t+as pi+dan, & andlang 
<P 92>
+t+are rinde o+d +done helm, & si+d+dan
+after +t+am [{bogum{] , o+d+d+at hit ut aspringe+d on 
leafum & on blostmum & on bledum?
<R 34.92.3>
Hwi ne meaht +tu ongitan +t+atte +alc wuht cwuces bi+d
innanweard hnescost & [{unbrocheardost{] ?
<R 34.92.4>
Hw+at, +tu meht gesion hu +t+at treow bi+d utan gescerped &
bew+afed mid +t+are rinde wi+d +done winter & wi+d
+da stearcan stormas & eac wi+d +t+are sunnan h+ato on
sumera.
<R 34.92.7>
Hwa m+ag +t+at he ne wundrie [{swelcra{] gesceafta ures
scyppendes, & huru +t+as scyppendes?
<R 34.92.9>
& +teah we his nu wundrigen, hwilc ure m+ag areccan medemlice
ures scyppendes willan & anwald, hu his 
[{gesceafta{] wexa+d & eft [{wania+d{] , +tonne +t+as [{tima{]
cym+d, & of hiora s+ade wior+da+d eft geedniwode, 
swylce hi +tonne weor+den to edsceafte?
<R 34.92.13>
Hw+at, hi +tonne eft bio+d, & eac hw+athwugu anlice bio+d
swilce hi a bion, for+d+am hi +alce geare weor+da+d
to edsceafte.
<R 34.92.16>
Hw+a+ter +tu giet ongite +t+at +da uncwe+dendan gesceafta
wilnodon to bionne on ecnesse swa ilce swa men,
gif hi meahten?
<R 34.92.18>
Hw+a+der +tu nu ongite forhwy +t+at fyr fundige up, & sio
eor+de ofdune?
<R 34.92.19>
Forhwy is +t+at buton for+ty+de God gesceop his eard up & hire
ofdune; for+dy fundia+d +alc gesceaft +tider
swi+dost +tider his eard & his h+alo swi+dost bio+d, & flih+d
+t+atte him wi+derweard bi+d & ungebyrde & 
ungelic.
<R 34.92.22>
Hw+at, +ta stanas, for+d+am [{hi{] sint stillre gecynde &
heardre, [{bio+d{] earfo+de to ted+alenne; & eac 
unea+de tosomne cuma+d, gif hi tod+alde weor+ta+d.
<R 34.92.25>
Gif +tu +tonne +anne stan toclifst, ne wyr+d he n+afre
gegadrod swa he +ar w+as; ac +t+at w+ater & sio lyft 
bio+d [{hwene{] hnescran gecynde; hi [{bio+d{] swi+de e+de to
ted+alenne, ac hi bio+d [{eft{] sona +atg+adre.
<R 34.92.28>
+t+at fyr +tonne ne [{m+ag{] n+afre weor+dan [{tod+aled{] .
<R 34.92.29>
Ic s+ade [{+teah{] nu hwene +ar +t+atte nanwuht his [{agenum{]
willum nolde forweor+dan; ac ic eom nu ma ymb 
[{+t+at{] gecynd +tonne ymb +tone willan, for+d+am hi hwilum
willa+d on tu.
<R 34.92.32>
+tu meaht witan be manegum 
<P 93>
+tingum +t+at +t+at gecynd is
swi+de micel; is +t+at formicel gecynd +d+at urum 
lichoman cym+d eall his m+agen of +d+am mete +te we +tigga+d,
[{&{] +teah f+ar+d se mete ut +turh +tone lichoman.
<R 34.93.3>
ac his sw+ac +deah & his cr+aft gecym+d on +alcre +adre, swa
swa mon meolo seft; +d+at meolo +durgcryp+d +alc
+dyrel, & +ta syfe+da weor+da+d asyndred.
<R 34.93.6>
Swa eac ure gast bi+d swi+de wide farende urum unwillum & ures
ungewealdes for his [{gecynde{] , nalles 
for his willan; +t+at bi+d +tonne +tonne we slapa+d.
<R 34.93.9>
Hw+at, [{+ta{] nytenu +donne & eac +ta o+dra [{gesceafta{] ma
wilnia+d +t+as +te hi wilnia+d for gecynde +donne for
willan.
<R 34.93.11>
Ungecyndelic is +alcre wuhte +t+at hit wilnige frecennesse
o+d+de dea+des, ac +teah m+anig +ting bi+d to +t+am
gened +t+at hit wilna+d +tara +ag+dres; for+d+am se willa bi+d
+tonne strengra +tonne +t+at gecynd.
<R 34.93.14>
Hwilum bi+d se willa swi+dra +tonne +t+at gecynd, hwilum +t+at
gecynd ofercym+d +tone willan.
<R 34.93.16>
Swa nu wr+annes de+d; sio bi+d +alcum men gecynde, & hwilum
+teah hire bi+d forwerned hire gecyndes +turh
+t+as monnes willan.
<R 34.93.18>
Eall sio lufu [{+t+as{] h+amed+tinges bi+d for gecynde,
[{nallas{] for willan.
<R 34.93.20>
Be +t+am +tu meaht [{openlice{] witan +t+at se sceppend ealra
[{gesceafta{] h+af+d forgifen +anne [{lust{] & an 
gecynd eallum his gesceaftum; +t+at is +t+at hi woldon a bion.
<R 34.93.22>
+alcre wuhte is gecynde +t+at hit wilnige +t+at hit a sie be
+t+am d+ale +te hit his gecynde healdan mot & m+ag.
<R 34.93.24>
Ne +tearft +du no tweogan ymbe +t+at +te +tu +ar tweodest,
+t+at is be +tam gesceaftum +te nane sawle nabba+d;
+alc +tara gesceafta +te sawle h+af+d, ge eac +ta +te nabba+d,
willnia+d simle to bionne.
<R 34.93.28>
+da cw+a+d ic: Nu ic ongite +t+at +d+at ic +ar ymbe tweode;
+t+at is +d+at +alc gesceaft wilna+d symle to bionne;
+t+at is swi+de sweotol on +d+are tidringe.
<R 34.93.30>
+ta cw+a+d he: Hw+a+ter +tu +tonne [{ongite{] +t+at +alc +tara
wuhta +te him beon [{+tenc+d{] , +t+at hit +tenc+d +atg+adere
bion, gehal, untod+aled?
<R 34.93.32>
for+d+am gif hit 
<P 94>
tod+aled bi+d, +tonne ne bi+d hit no hal.
<R 34.94.1>
+da cw+d ic: +t+at is so+d.
<R 34.94.2>
+da cw+a+d he: +t+at is, eall +ting habba+t [{+teah{] +anne
willan, +d+at is +d+at hi woldon a bion; +turh +tone +anne
[{willan{] hi wilnia+d +d+as anes goodes +te a bi+d, +t+at is
God.
<R 34.94.5>
+da cw+a+d ic: Swa hit is swa +du s+agst.
+da cw+a+d he: Hw+at, +tu [{miht{] openlice ongitan +t+at
+d+at is [{forinlice{] good +ting +te ealra wuhta & ealle
gesceafta wilnia+d to habbanne.
<R 34.94.8>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag nan mon so+dre secgan, for+d+am ic
ongite +t+at ealla [{gesceafta{] toflowen swa swa 
w+ater, & [{nanne{] sibbe ne nane [{endebyrdnesse{] ne 
heolden, ac swi+de ungereclice toslupen & to nauhte 
wurden, swa swa we lange +ar s+adon on +disse ilcan bec, gif 
hi n+afdon +anne God +te him eallum stiorde & racode & r+adde.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 117>
<R 38.117.1>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ic eom ge+tafa +t+at +t+at is so+d +t+at +du
+ar s+adest; +t+at w+as +d+at hit nauht unriht n+are +t+at 
mon +ta yfelwillendan men hete [{netenu{] o+d+de wildior, 
+teah hi mannes [{onlicnesse{] h+abben.
<R 38.117.4>
ac gif ic h+afde [{swilcne{] anwald swilce se +almihtiga God
h+af+d, +tonne ne lete ic no +da [{yfelan{] 
derigan +t+am goodum swa swi+de swa hi nu do+d.
<R 38.117.6>
+da cw+a+d he: Nis hit him no swa longe alefed swa +de
+dinc+d; ac +du meaht ongitan +d+at him bi+d swi+de 
hr+adlice gestiored [{hiora{] orsorgnesse, swa ic +te nu rihte
secgan wille, +teah ic get +amettan n+abbe for
o+dre spr+ace.
<R 38.117.10>
+t+ar hi +tone unnettan anwald n+afden +de hi wena+d +t+at hi
h+abben, +tonne n+afden hi swa micel wite swa hi
habban sculon.
<R 38.117.12>
+da yflan bio+d symle unges+aligran +tonne +tonne hi magon
+durgtion +t+at yfel +t+at hi lyst, +donne hi +tonne
bion +donne hi hit don ne magon, +teah his dysige men ne
gelefen.
<R 38.117.15>
Hit is swi+de yfel +t+at mon yfel wille, & hit is +teah micle
wyrse +t+at hit mon m+age [{don{] ; for+d+am se 
yfla willa bi+d tostenced swa+t+ar rec beforan fyre, gif mon
+d+at weorc +turgtion ne m+ag.
<R 38.117.18>
Ac +da yflan habba+d hwilum +drio uns+al+da; an is +t+at hi
yfel willa+d, o+der +t+at +t+at hi magon, +tridde +t+at
hi hit +turgtio+d; for+d+am+de God h+af+d [{getiohhod{] to
sellanne witu & erm+da +tam yflum monnum for hiora
yflum weorcum.
<R 38.117.22>
+da cw+a+d ic: Hit is swa [{swa{] +du s+agst; & +teah ic wolde
gewyscan, gif ic meahte, +t+at hi n+afden +da 
heards+al+da +t+at hi meahten yfel don.
<R 38.117.25>
+da cw+a+d he: Ic wene +deah +t+at him losige se anwald +ar
+tonne +tu wolde o+d+de hi wenen; for+d+am nanwuht 
[{nis{] longf+ares on +dys andweardan life, +teah monnum 
+dynce +t+at hit long sie.
<R 38.117.28>
Ac swi+de oft se micla anwald +dara yflena gehrist swi+de
f+arlice, swa [{swa{] great beam on wuda wyrc+d 
hludne dynt +tonne men l+ast wena+d; & for +d+am ege hi beo+d
simle swi+de earme.
<R 38.117.31>
Gif hi +tonne hiora yfel earme gede+d, hu ne bi+d +donne semle
+t+at lange yfel wyrse +tonne +d+at scorte?
<P 118>
<R 38.118.1>
+teah nu +da yflan n+afre ne wurden deade, +teah [{ic{] wolde
cwe+dan +t+at hi w+aren earmoste & unges+algoste.
<R 38.118.2>
Gif +ta yrm+da ealla so+da sint +te we longe +ar ymbe reahton
+t+at +da yflan her on weorulde habban 
scolden, +tonne is [{+d+at{] sweotol +t+at +da yrm+da bio+d
[{endelease{] +te ece bio+d.
<R 38.118.5>
+da cw+a+d ic: +t+at is wundorlic +t+at +du s+agst, &
[{swi+de{] earfo+dlic dysegum monnum to ongitanne; ac ic 
ongite +teah +t+at hit belimp+d genog wel to +d+are spr+ace 
+de wit +ar ymbe spr+acon.
<R 38.118.9>
+da cw+a+d he: Ic ne sprece nu no to dysegum monnum, ac sprece
to +dam +te [{wel{] wilnia+d wisdom ongitan;
for+d+am +t+at bi+d tacn wisdomes +t+at hine mon welnige
geheran & ongitan.
<R 38.118.12>
Ac gif dysegra hwone tweoge +aniges +tara spella +te we +ar
ymb spr+acon on +tisse ilcan bec, +donne 
gerecce he gif he m+age o+der twega, o+d+de +tara spella sum 
leas, o+d+de ungelic +t+are spr+ace +te wit 
+afterspyria+d; o+d+de +tridde wend, ongite & gelefe +t+at 
wit on riht spyrigen.
<R 38.118.16>
Gif he +tara nan nyte, +tonne nat he hw+at he m+an+d.
<R 38.118.18>
Ac ic +te m+ag giet t+acan o+der +ting +de dysegum monnum wile
+dincan giet ungelefedlicre, & is +teah 
genog gelic +tam spelle +de wit +afterspyria+d.
<R 38.118.20>
+da cw+a+d ic: Hw+at is +d+at la +dinga?
<R 38.118.21>
+da cw+a+d he: [{Hit{] is +t+at +d+at +ta yflan bio+d micle
ges+aligran +te on +disse weorulde habba+d micelne wean
& manigfeald witu for hiora [{yfelum{] , +donne +ta sien +de
nane wr+ace nabba+d ne nan wite on +disse 
worulde for hiora yfle.
<R 38.118.25>
Ne wene +teah nan mon +t+at ic for +d+am anum +dyllic sprece
+de ic wolde un+deawas t+alan & goode herian &
mid +d+are bysne men +dreatigan & tyhtan to godum +teawum for
+t+am ege +t+as wites; ac for o+drum +dincgum 
ic hit spr+ac get swi+dor.
<R 38.118.29>
+da cw+a+d ic: For hwylcum o+drum +dingum woldes +tu +t+at
sprecan buton for +d+am +te +tu nu s+ades?
<R 38.118.30>
+da cw+a+d he: Gemanst +tu hw+at wit +ar spr+acon?
<R 38.118.31>
+t+at w+as +t+at +da goodan h+afdon symle anwald & ges+al+da,
& +ta yflan n+afden n+afre nau+der.
<P 119>
<R 38.119.1>
+da cw+a+d ic: +t+at ic geman.
+da cw+a+d he: Hw+at wenst +du nu?
<R 38.119.2>
gif +tu gesihst hwylcne swi+de unges+aligne mon, & ongitst
+deah hw+athwugu goodes on him, hw+a+der he sie
swa unges+alig swa se +de nanwuht goodes n+af+d?
<R 38.119.4>
+da cw+a+d ic: Se me +dinc+d ges+aligra +te hw+athwugu h+af+d.
<R 38.119.5>
+da cw+a+d he: Ac hu +tinc+d +te +donne be +d+am +te nanwuht
goodes n+af+d, gif he h+af+d sumne eacan yfeles?
<R 38.119.7>
se +tu wilt secgan +tonne giet sie unges+aligra +tonne se
o+der, for +d+as yfles eacan.
<R 38.119.9>
+da cw+a+d ic: Hwy ne sceolde me swa +tyncan?
+da cw+a+d he: Telo +tonne +t+at +de swa +tinc+d; ongit +tonne
mid innewearde mode +t+at +t+at +da yflan habba+d 
symle hw+athwugu godes on gemong hiora yfle; +t+at is hiora
wite; +t+at mon m+ag swi+de ea+de gereccan mid 
rihte him to goode.
<R 38.119.13>
Ac +ta +te him bi+d [{unwitnode{] eall hiora yfel on +tisse
worulde habba+d sum yfel hefigre & frecenlicre
+tonne +anig wite swa on +tisse worulde.
<R 38.119.16>
+t+at +t+at is +t+at him bi+d unwitnod hiora yfel on +tisse
weorulde, +d+at is +t+at sweotoloste tacen +t+as 
m+astan yfeles on +tisse weorulde, & +t+as wyrrestan edleanes
+after +tisse worulde.
<R 38.119.19>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne m+ag ic +t+as o+dsacan.
+da cw+d he: For+d+am sint unges+aligran +da yflan for+d+am
him bi+d buton gewyrhtum forgifen hiora yfel 
+tonne +da sien +de him bi+d hiora yfel geleanod be hiora
gewyrhtum.
<R 38.119.22>
For+d+am hit is riht +t+at mon [{+ta{] yflige +da yflan, & hit
is wog +t+at hi mon l+ate unwitnode.
<R 38.119.24>
+da cw+d ic: Hwa o+ds+ac+d +t+as?
+da cw+a+d he: Ne m+ag nan mon o+dsacan +t+at hit ne sie eall
good +t+atte riht [{bi+d{] , & eall yfel +t+atte woh
bi+d.
<R 38.119.26>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ic eom swi+de gedrefed mid +disse spr+ace, &
wundrie forhwy swa rihtwis dema +anige unrihte
gife wille forgifan.
<R 38.119.28>
+da cw+d he: Be hw+am cwest +tu +t+at?
<R 38.119.29>
+da cw+a+d ic: For+tam+de +du +ar cw+ade +d+at he unriht dyde
+t+at he lete unwitnod +da yflan.
<R 38.119.31>
+da cw+a+d he: +t+at is his weor+dscipe +t+at he swa giful is,
& swa rumedlice gif+d; +d+at is micel gifo +t+at
he gebit o+d+t+at +da yflan ongita+d hiora yfel & gecierra+d
to goode.
<R 38.119.33>
+da cw+a+d ic: Nu 
<P 120>
ic [{ongite{] +t+at hit [{nis{] ecu gifu
+t+at he gif+d +t+am yflum, ac is hwilchwugu eldcung & 
andbid +t+as hehstan deman.
<R 38.120.2>
For +d+am andbide & for +d+am ge+tylde me +dinc+d +t+at he sie
+de swi+dor forsewen; & +teah me lica+d +tis spell
genog wel, & +dinc+d me genog gelic +d+am +de +du +ar s+ades.
<R 38.120.6>
Ac ic +de healsige giet +d+at +tu me secge hw+a+der +du wene
+t+at +ta yflan habban +anig wite +after +tisse 
weorulde; o+d+de +ta [{godan{] +anig edlean hiora goodes.
<R 38.120.8>
+da cw+a+d he: Hu ne s+ade ic +de +ar +t+at +da goodan habba+d
edlean heora goodes +ag+ter ge her ge on 
ecnesse, & +da yflan eac habba+d edlean hiora yfles, +ag+ter 
ge her ge eft on ecnesse.
<R 38.120.11>
Ac ic wille d+alan +ta yflan +tam yfelum nu on twua;
for+d+am+te o+der d+al +tara yflena h+af+d ece wite, 
for+d+am hi nane mildheortnesse ne geearnodon; o+der d+al 
sceal beon gecl+asnod, & [{+ta{] amered on +d+am 
heofonlican fyre, swa her bi+d seolfor, for+d+am he h+af+d 
sume geearnung+a sumre mildheortnesse.
<R 38.120.17>
for+d+am he mot cuman +after +d+am earfo+dum to ecre are.
Giet ic [{+te{] meahte mare reccan +ag+der ge be +d+am goodum
ge be +t+am yflum, +t+ar ic nu +amettan h+afde.
<R 38.120.19>
Ac ic ondr+ade +t+at ic forl+ate +t+at wyt +ar +afterspyredon;
+t+at w+as +t+at wit woldon gereccan +t+at +tu 
ongeate +t+at +da yflan n+afden n+anne anwald ne n+anne 
weor+dscipe ne on +tisse weorulde ne on +t+are toweardan.
<R 38.120.23>
For+d+am +te +tuhte +ar +t+at eallra +dinga wyrrest +t+at +du
wendes +t+at hi h+afden to micelne; & +d+at eallneg 
siofodes +t+at hi eallneg n+aron on wite.
<R 38.120.25>
& ic +de s+ade eallne weg +t+at hi n+afre ne bio+d buton wite,
+deah +te swa ne +tince.
<R 38.120.26>
Ac ic wat +teah +t+at +du wilt siofian +d+at hi swa longne
fyrst habba+d leafe yfel to donne; & ic +de s+ade
ealne weg +t+at se [{fyrst{] bi+d swi+de lytle hwile.
<R 38.120.29>
& ic +te secge giet, swa swa he lengra bi+d swa hi bio+d
unges+aligran; +t+at him w+are eallra m+ast uns+al+d
[{+t+at{] +t+at se fyrst w+are o+d domes d+ag.
<R 38.120.31>
& ic +te s+ade eac +t+at +da w+aren unges+aligran +te him
unrihtlice hiora yfel 
<P 121>
forboren w+are +tonne +ta 
w+aren +te him heora yfel rihtlice on gewrecen w+are.
<R 38.121.2>
Git hit gebyre+d +t+at +de +dinc+d +d+at +ta orsorgan bio+d
unges+aligran +tonne +tonne +ta gewitnodan.
<R 38.121.4>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne +tinc+d me n+afre nanwuht swa so+dlic swa me
+tinca+d +tine spell +d+am tidum +de ic +da 
gehere.
<R 38.121.6>
Ac gif ic me wende to +tises folces dome, +tonne nis hit no
+d+at an +t+at hi nylla+d +tisse +tinre race 
gelefan, ac hi hit nylla+d fur+dum geheran.
<R 38.121.8>
+da cw+a+d he: [{Nis{] +t+at nan wundor; hw+at, +tu wast +t+at
+ta men +te habba+d unhale eagan ne magon full ea+de
locian ongean +ta sunnan +tonne hio beortost scin+d, ne
fur+dum on fyr ne on nanwuht beortes hi ne 
lyst locian, gif se +appel lef bi+d.
<R 38.121.12>
Swa beo+d +da synfullan mod ablend mid heora yflan willan
+t+at hi ne magon gesion +t+at leoht +t+are 
beorhtan so+df+astnesse, +t+at is se hehsta wisdom.
<R 38.121.14>
Ac him bi+d swa +t+am [{fuglum{] & +t+am diorum +de magon bet
locian on niht +tonne on d+ag; se d+ag blent & 
+tiostra+d heora eagan, & +t+are nihte +diostro hi onlyhta+d.
<R 38.121.17>
For+dy wena+d +da ablendan mod +t+at +t+at sie sio m+aste
ges+al+d +t+at men sie alefed yfel to donne, & sio 
d+ad him mote bion unwitnod.
<R 38.121.19>
For+d+am hi ne lyst spyrian +after +alcre spr+ace swa longe
o+d hi +t+at riht witen, ac wena+d on hiora 
unnettan willan & spyria+d +after +d+am.
<R 38.121.22>
+te ic nat hu nyt +tu me t+ahst to +d+am dysegum monnum, +ta
n+afre +after me ne spyria+d.
<R 38.121.23>
ic ne sprece n+afre to +d+am, ac ic sprece to +te, for+d+am
+tu tiohhast +t+at +tu spyrie +after me, & swi+dor
swincst on +d+am spore +tonne hi don.
<R 38.121.25>
Ne recce ic hw+at hi demen; ic l+ate nu to +tinum dome ma
+tonne to hiora, for+d+am hi eall locia+d mid 
b+am eagum on +tas eor+dlican +dincg, & hi him licia+d 
eallunga +t+ar, ge on +t+as modes eagum ge on +t+as 
lichoman.
<R 38.121.29>
Ac +tu ana hwilum bescylst mid o+dre eagan on +ta heofonlican
+tincg, mid o+dre +tu locast nu giet on +tas
eor+dlican.
<R 38.121.31>
For+d+am wena+d +ta dysegan +t+at +alc mon sie blind swa hi
sint, & +t+at nan mon ne 
<P 122>
m+age gesion +t+at hi gesion ne magon.
<R 38.122.1>
+t+at dysi is anlicost +te sum cild sie full hal & ful
+alt+awe geboren, & swa fullice +dionde on eallum
cystum & cr+aftum +ta hwile +te hit on cnihthade bi+d.
<R 38.122.4>
& swa for+d eallne giogo+dhad, o+d he wyr+d +alces cr+aftes
medeme, & +donne lytle +ar his midferh+de 
weor+de b+am eagum blind, & eac +t+as modes eagan weor+dan swa
ablende +t+at he nanwuht ne gemune +t+as +de [{he{] 
+afre +ar geseah o+d+de geherde, & wene +teah +d+at he sie 
+alces +tinges swa medeme swa he +afre medomest 
w+are, & wen+d +t+at +alcum men sie swa swa him si, & +alcum 
men +dince swa swa him +tinc+d.
<R 38.122.11>
+teah +de he +tonne swa dysig sie +t+at he +t+as wene,
hw+a+der we +donne willen ealle wenan +t+as +de he wen+d?
<R 38.122.12>
Ic wene +deah +t+at we nyllen; ac ic wolde witan hu +te +tuhte
be +t+am monnum +de wit +ar cw+adon +t+at unc 
+duhte +t+at w+aren wildiorum gelicran +tonne monnum, hu 
micelne wisdom +ta h+afden; me +tinc+d +teah [{+de{] 
[^MS: +d^] hi n+abben n+anne.
<R 38.122.17>
Ic +de wolde giet reccan sume swi+de rihte raca; ac ic wat
+t+at +tis folc his nele gelyfan; +t+at is +t+at
+da bio+d ges+alig ran +te mon witna+d, +tonne +ta bion +te hi
witnia+d.
<R 38.122.19>
+da wundrode ic +d+as & cw+a+d: Ic wolde +t+at +tu me gereahte
hu hit swa bion meahte.
<R 38.122.21>
+da cw+a+d he: Hw+a+der +tu ongite +t+at +alc yfelwillende mon
& yfelwyrcende sie wites wyr+de?
<R 38.122.22>
+da cw+a+d ic: Genog sweotole ic +t+at ongite.
<R 38.122.23>
+da cw+a+d he: Hu ne is se +donne yfelwillende & yfelwyrcende
+de +tone unscyldigan witna+d?
<R 38.122.25>
+da cw+d ic: Swa hit is swa +du s+agst.
+da cw+a+d he: Hw+a+der +tu wene +t+at +da sien earme &
unges+alige +te wites wyr+de bio+d?
<R 38.122.27>
+da cw+a+d ic: Ne wene ic his no, ac wat geare.
<R 38.122.28>
+da cw+a+d he: Gif +tu nu deman moste, hw+a+derne woldes +tu
deman wites wyr+dran, +te +done +te +done 
unscyldgan witnode, +de +done +te +t+at wite +tolade?
<R 38.122.30>
+da cw+a+d ic: Nis +t+at gelic; ic wolde helpan +t+as +de
+d+ar unscyldig w+are, & henan +tone +te hine yflode.
<R 38.122.32>
+da cw+a+d he: +tonne 
<P 123>
+te +dinc+d se earmra se +t+at yfel de+d
+donne se +te hit +tafa+d.
<R 38.123.2>
+da cw+a+d ic: +t+as ic gelefe +t+atte +alc unriht witnung sie
+t+as yfel +te hit de+d, n+as +t+as +de hit +daf+a+d, 
for+d+am his yfel hine gede+d earmne.
<R 38.123.4>
& ic ongite +d+at +tis is swi+de riht racu +t+at +tu nu recst,
& swi+de anlic +t+am +te +tu +ar reahtes; ac ic 
wat +teah +t+at +tis folce swa ne +tinc+d.
<R 38.123.7>
+da cw+a+d he: Wel +tu hit ongitst; ac +da +tingeras +tingia+d
nu hwilum +t+am +te l+assan +tearfe ahton; 
+tingia+d +t+am [{+te{] +t+ar man yfla+d, & ne +tingia+d 
+t+am +te +t+at yfel do+d.
<R 38.123.9>
+t+am w+are mare +dearf +te +ta o+dre unscyidige yfla+d +t+at
him mon +tingode to +t+am ricum, & b+ade +t+at him 
mon dyde swa micel wite swa hi +t+am o+drum unscyldgum dydon.
<R 38.123.12>
Swa swa se sioca ah +tearfe +t+at hine mon l+ade to +t+am
l+ace, +t+at he his tilige, swa ah se [{+te{] +d+at yfel
de+d +t+at hine mon l+ade to +t+am ricum, +t+at mon +t+ar
m+age sni+dan & b+arnan his un+teawas.
<R 38.123.15>
Ne cwe+de ic na +t+at +t+at yfel sie +t+at mon helpe +t+as
unscyldgan & him fore+tingie; ac ic cwe+de +t+at hit
is betere +t+at mon wrege +tone scyldgan.
<R 38.123.18>
& ic secge +t+at sio forespr+ac ne dyge nau+der ne +t+am
scyldgan ne +d+am +te him fore+tinga+d, gif hi +t+as 
wilnia+d +t+at him heora yfel unwrecen sie be +d+as gyltes
andefne.
<R 38.123.20>
Ac ic wat gif +da scyldgan +anigne spearcan wisdomes h+afden &
be +anegum d+ale ongeaten +t+at hi meahten
heora scylda +turg +t+at wite gebetan, +te him her on weorulde
on become, +tonne noldon hi na cwe+dan +t+at
hit w+are wite, ac woldan cwe+dan +t+at hit w+are heora
cl+ansung, & heora betrung.
<R 38.123.25>
& noldon n+anne +tingere gesecan, ac lustlice hi woldon l+atan
+ta rican hi tucian +after hiora agnum 
willan.
<R 38.123.27>
For+d+am ne scyle nan wis man n+anne mannan hatian; ne hata+d
nan mon +tone godan, butan se eallra 
dysgosta; ne +t+at nis nan riht +t+at mon +tone yflan hatige, 
ac hit is rihtre +t+at him mon miltsige.
<R 38.123.31>
+T+at is +tonne hiora mildsung +t+at mon wrece hiora un+deawas
be hiora gewyrhtum.
<R 38.123.32>
Ne scyle nan mon siocne monnan & gesargodne swencan, ac hine
mon scel l+adan to +t+am l+ace 
<P 124>
+t+at he his tilige.

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 126>
<R 39.126.28>
+da se Wisdom +ta +tis leo+d asungen h+afde, +ta geswugode he
ane lytle hwile.
<R 39.126.29>
+da cw+a+d ic: Swa hit is swa +tu s+agst; ac ic wolde get
+t+at +tu me hw+athwugu openlicor gereahte be +d+are
wisan +te min mod swi+dost gedrefed h+af+d; +t+at is +t+at ic
+de +ar ymb acsode; for+d+am hit w+as symle giet +tin 
<P 127>
gewuna +t+at +tu woldest +alcum mode deglu +ding t+acan &
sel+dcu+d.
<R 39.127.2>
+da ongon he smearcian & cw+a+d to me: +du sp+anst me on +da
m+astan spr+ace & on +ta earfo+destan to 
gereccanne.
<R 39.127.4>
+ta race sohton ealle u+dwiotan, & swi+de swi+dlice ymb
swuncon, & unea+de +anig com to ende +t+are spr+ace;
for+d+am hit is +teaw +t+are spr+ace & +t+are ascung+a
+t+atte symle +tonne +d+ar an tweo of adon bi+d, +tonne bi+d
+t+ar unrim astyred.
<R 39.127.7>
swa swa mon on ealdspellum s+ag+d +t+at an n+adre w+are +te
h+afde nigon heafdu, & symle gif mon anra hwelc
of aslog, +tonne weoxon +t+ar siofon on +d+am anum heafde.
<R 39.127.10>
+ta geberede hit +t+at +t+ar com se forem+ara Erculus to, se
w+as Iobes sunu; +ta ne meahte he ge+tencan hu
he hi mid +anige cr+afte ofercuman sceolde, +ar he hi bew+ag
mid wuda utan & forb+arnde +ta mid fyre.
<R 39.127.14>
Swa is +disse spr+ace +te +tu me +after acsast; unea+de hire
cym+d +anig mon of, gif he +arest an cem+d; ne 
cym+d he n+afre to openum ende, buton he h+abbe swa scearp
andgit swa+d+ar fyr.
<R 39.127.17>
For+d+am se +de ymb +t+at acsian wile, he sceal +arest witan
hw+at sie sio anfealde foresceawung Godes, &
hw+at wyrd sie, & hw+at weas gebergie, & hw+at sie godcund
andgit & [{godcund{] [{foretiohhung{] , & hw+at 
monna freodom sie.
<R 39.127.21>
Nu +du miht ongitan hu hefig & hu earfo+de +tis is eall to
gerecanne; ac ic sceal +teah hw+athwugu his 
onginnan +te to t+acanne, for+d+am ic h+abbe ongiten +t+at hit
is swi+de micel l+acedom +tinre sorge, gif +tu 
+tises auht ongitst, +teah hit me lange to l+aranne sie.
<R 39.127.26>
For+d+am hit is neah +t+are tide +te ic getiohhod h+afde on
o+der weorc to fonne, & get n+abbe +tis gedon; &
me +tinc+d eac +t+at +tu sadige hw+athwugununges, & +te
+dyncen to +alenge +tas langan spell, swelce +te nu 
lyste lio+da.
<R 39.127.29>
Ic wat eac +t+at +te hiora lyst, ac +du scealt +teah ge+tolian
sume hwile; ic ne m+ag hit nu swa hra+de 
asingan, ne +amettan n+abbe, for+d+am hit is swi+de long spell.
<R 39.127.32>
+da cw+a+d ic: Do sw+a+der +du wolde.
<R 39.127.33>
+ta ongan he sprecan swi+de fiorran ymbutan, swelce 
<P 128>
he na +ta spr+ace ne m+ande, & tiohhode hit +deah 
+tiderweardes & cw+a+d: Ealla gesceafta, gesewenlica &
ungesewenlica, stillu & unstillu, onfo+d +at +t+am 
stillan & +at +t+am gest+a+d+degan & +at +t+am anfealdan 
[{Gode{] endeberdnesse & [{andwlitan{] & gemetgunge.
<R 39.128.5>
& for+t+am hit swa gesceapen w+as, for+d+am he wat hwy he
gesceop eall +t+at he gesceop.
<R 39.128.6>
Nis him nanwiht unnyt +t+as +te he gesceop.
<R 39.128.7>
Se God wuna+d symle on +t+are hean ceastre his anfaldnesse &
bilewitnesse; +tonan he d+al+d manega & 
misleca gemetgunga eallum his gesceaftum, & +tonan he welt 
eallra.
<R 39.128.10>
Ac +t+at +d+atte we hata+d Godes fore+tonc & his foresceawung,
+t+at bi+d +ta hwile +te hit +d+ar mid him bi+d on
his mode, +ar+d+am +te hit gefremed weor+de, +ta hwile +de
hit ge+toht bi+d; ac si+d+dan hit fullfremed bi+d,
+tonne hata+d we hit wyrd.
<R 39.128.14>
Be +ty m+ag +alc mon witan +t+at hit sint +ag+ter ge twegen
naman ge twa +tincg, fore+tonc & wyrd.
<R 39.128.15>
Se fore+tonc is sio godcunde gesceadwisnes; sio is f+ast on
+t+am hean sceppende +te eall fore wat hu 
hit geweor+dan sceall +ar +ar hit geweor+de.
<R 39.128.18>
Ac +t+at +t+at we wyrd hata+d, +t+at bi+d Godes weorc +t+at he
+alce d+ag wyrc+d, +ag+ter ge +t+as [{+de{] we gesio+d ge
+t+as +te us ungesewenlic bi+d.
<R 39.128.20>
Ac se godcunda fore+tonc hea+dera+d ealle gesceafta, +t+at hi
ne moton toslupan of hiora endebyrdnesse.
<R 39.128.22>
Sio wyrd +tonne d+al+d eallum gesceaftum anwlitan & stowa &
tida & gemetgunga; ac sio wyrd cym+d of +d+am
gewitte & of +d+am fore+tonce +t+as +almehtigan Godes.
<R 39.128.25>
Se wyrc+d +after his unasecgendlicum fore+tonce [{+tonne{] swa
hw+at swa he wile.
<R 39.128.27>
Swa swa +alc cr+aftega +denc+d & mearca+d his weorc on his
mode +ar +ar he hit wyrce, & wyrc+d si+d+dan eall,
+tios wandriende wyrd +te we wyrd hata+d f+ar+d +after his
for+tonce & +after his ge+teahte, swa swa he 
tiohha+d +t+at hit sie.
<R 39.128.30>
+teah hit us manigfaldlic +dince, sum good, sum yfel, hit is
+deah him anfeald good; for+d+am he hit 
eall to godum ende breng+d, & 
<P 129>
for goode de+d eall +t+at +t+at he de+d.
<R 39.129.1>
Si+d+dan we hit hata+d wyrd si+d+dan hit geworht bi+d; +ar hit
w+as Godes fore+tanc & his foretiohhung.
<R 39.129.3>
+da wyrd he +tonne wyrc+d o+d+de +turh +da goodan [{englas{]
o+d+de +turh monna sawla, o+d+de +turh o+derra 
gesceafta lif, o+d+de +turh heofones tungl, o+d+de +durh +tara
scuccena mislice lotwrencas; hwilum +turh an +dara, 
hwilum +turh eall +da.
<R 39.129.7>
Ac +t+at is openlice cu+d +t+at sio godcunde foretiohhung is
anfeald & unandwendlic, & welt +alces +tinges
endebyrdlice, & eall +ting gehiwa+d.
<R 39.129.9>
Sumu +ting +tonne on +tisse weorulde sint under+died +t+are
wyrde, sume hire nanwuht under+died ne sint; 
ac sio wyrd & eall +da +ting +te hire under+died sint, sint
under+died +d+am godcundan fore+tonce.
<R 39.129.13>
Be +d+am ic +de m+ag sum bispell secgan, +t+at +tu meaht +ty
sweotolor ongitan hwilce men bio+d under+died 
+t+are wyrde, hwylce ne bio+d.
<R 39.129.15>
Eall +dios unstille gesceaft & +tios hwearfiende hwearfa+d on
+d+am stillan Gode, & on +d+am gest+a+d+degan,
& on +d+am anfealdan; & he welt eallra gesceafta swa swa he
+at fruman getiohhod h+afde & get h+af+d.
<R 39.129.19>
Swa swa on w+anes eaxe hwearfia+d +ta hweol & sio eax stint
stille & byr+d +teah ealne +tone w+an, [{&{] welt
ealles +t+as f+areltes; +t+at [{hweol{] hwerf+d ymbutan & sio
nafu next +t+are eaxe sio f+ar+d micle [{f+astlicor{]
& orsorglicor +tonne +da felgan don, swelce sio eax sie +t+at
hehste god +te we nemna+d God, & +ta 
selestan men faren nehste Gode, swa swa sio nafu f+ar+d neahst
+t+are eaxe, & +ta midmestan swa swa +da spacan.
<R 39.129.26>
for+d+am+te +alces [{spacan{] bi+d o+der ende f+ast on +d+are
nafe, o+der on +t+are felge.
<R 39.129.27>
Swa bi+d +t+am midlestan monnum; o+dre hwile he smea+d on his
mode ymb +tis eor+dlice [{lif{] , o+dre hwile ymb
+d+at godcundlice, swilce he locie mid o+dre eagan to
heofonum, mid o+dre to eor+tan.
<R 39.129.31>
Swa swa +ta spacan sticia+d o+der ende on +t+are felge o+ter
on +t+are nafe, middeweard se spaca bi+d +ag+drum
emnneah, 
<P 130>
+deah o+der ende bio f+ast on +t+are nafe, o+der on
+t+are felge.
<R 39.130.1>
swa bio+d +ta midmestan men onmiddan +tam spacan, & +ta betran
near +t+are nafe, & +ta m+atran near +d+am 
felgum; bio+d +teah f+aste on +d+are nafe, & se nafa on +d+are
eaxe.
<R 39.130.5>
Hw+at, +ta [{felga{] +teah hongia+d on +t+am spacan, [{+teah{]
hi eallunga wealowigen on +t+are eor+dan; swa do+d +ta
m+atestan men on +t+am midmestum, & +ta [{midmestan{] on
+t+am betstan, & +ta betstan on Gode.
<R 39.130.8>
+teah +ta m+atestan ealle hiora lufe wenden to +disse
weorulde, hi ne magon +t+aron wunigan, ne to nauhte
ne weor+da+d, gif hi be nanum d+ale ne beo+d gef+astnode to
Gode.
<R 39.130.11>
+ton ma +te +t+as hweoles felga magon bion on +d+am f+arelte,
gif hi ne bio+d f+aste on +t+am spacum, & +ta 
spacan on +t+are eaxe.
<R 39.130.13>
+ta felgea bio+d fyrrest +d+are eaxe; for+d+am hi fara+d
ungeredelicost.
<R 39.130.14>
Sio nafu f+ar+d neaxst +t+are eaxe; for+dy hio f+ar+d
gesundlicost.
<R 39.130.15>
Swa do+d +da selestan men; swa hi hiora lufe near Gode
l+ata+d, & swi+dor +tas eor+dlicon +ting forsio+d, 
swa hi beo+d orsorgran, & l+as recca+d hu sio wyrd wandrige,
o+d+de hw+at hio brenge.
<R 39.130.19>
Swa swa sio nafu bi+d symle swa gesund, hn+appen +ta felga on
+t+at +de hi hn+appen, & +teah bi+d sio nafu 
hw+athwugu tod+aled from +t+are eaxe.
<R 39.130.21>
Be +ty +tu meaht ongitan +t+at se w+an bi+d micle leng gesund
+te l+as bi+d tod+aled [{from{] +t+are eaxe; swa 
bio+d +ta men eallra orsorgest+a +ag+der ge +tisses
[{andweardan{] lifes earfo+da, ge +t+as [{toweardan{] , +ta +te
f+aste bio+d on Gode.
<R 39.130.25>
ac swa hi swi+dur bio+d asyndrede from Gode, swa hi swi+dur
bio+d gedrefde & geswencte, +ag+ter ge on 
mode ge on lichoman.
<R 39.130.28>
Swylc is +t+at +t+at we wyrd hata+d be +t+am godcundan
fore+tonce, swylce [{sio{] smeaung & sio gesceadwisnes
is to metanne wi+d +tone gearowitan, & swylce +tas l+anan
+ting bio+d to metanne wi+d +da ecan, & swilce 
+t+at hweol bi+d to 
<P 131>
metanne wi+d +da eaxe; for+d+am sio eax welt
ealles +t+as w+anes.
<R 39.131.2>
Swa de+d se godcunda fore+donc; he astere+d +tone rodor & +ta
tunglu, & +ta eor+dan gede+d stille, & 
gemetga+d +ta feower gesceafta; +t+at is w+ater & eor+de & 
fyr & lyft.
<R 39.131.4>
+da he ge+dw+ara+d & wlitega+d, hwilum eft unwlitega+d, & on
o+drum hiwe gebreng+d, & eft geedniwa+d, & 
tidre+d +alc tudor, & hi eft gehyt & gehelt +tonne hit 
forealdod bi+d & forsearod, & eft geew+d & [{geedniwa+d{]
+tonne +tonne he wile.
<R 39.131.8>
Sume u+dwiotan [{+teah{] secga+d +t+at sio wyrd wealde +ag+ter
ge ges+al+da ge unges+al+da +alces monnes.
<R 39.131.10>
Ic +tonne secge, swa swa ealle [{cristene{] men secga+d, +t+at
sio godcunde foretiohhung his walde, n+as 
sio wyrd; & ic wat +t+at hio dem+d eall +ting swi+de rihte,
+teah ungesceadwisum men [{swa{] ne +tince.
<R 39.131.13>
Hi wena+d +t+at [{+tara{] [{+alc{] sie god +te hiora willan
fulg+a+d; nis hit nan wundor, for+d+am hi beo+d ablende
mid +d+am +tiostrum heora scylda.
<R 39.131.16>
Ac se godcunda fore+tonc hit understent eall swi+de rihte,
+teah us +tince for urum dysige +t+at hit on 
woh fare; for+d+am we ne cunnon +t+at riht understandan.
<R 39.131.18>
He dem+d +teah eall swi+de rihte, +teah us hwilum swa ne
+dince.
<R 39.131.20>
Ealle men spiria+d +after +t+am hehstan goode, ge goode ge
yfle; ac for+dy ne magon [{+ta{] yflan cuman to 
+d+am hean hrofe eallra gooda, for+d+am hi ne spyria+d on riht
+after.
<R 39.131.23>
Ic nat +teah +tu cw+a+de nu hwonne to me: hwylc unriht m+ag
beon mare +tonne ge+tafige +t+at hit geweor+de, 
swa hit hwilum gewyr+d, +t+at +t+am goodum becym+d anfeald 
yfel on +tisse weorulde, & +t+am yflum anfeald 
god, & o+dre hwile +ag+der gemenged, +ag+ter ge +d+am goodum 
ge +t+am yflum?
<R 39.131.28>
Ac ic +te acsige hw+a+der +tu wene +t+at +anig mon sie swa
andgitfull +t+at he m+age ongitan +alcne mon on 
ryht hwylc he sie, +t+at he naw+der ne sie ne betra ne wyrsa
+tonne he his wene.
<R 39.131.31>
Ic wat +teah +t+at hi ne magan.
Ac wyr+d swi+de oft on won se sido +te sume men secga+d +t+at
sie mede wyr+de, sume 
<P 132>
men secga+d +t+at he sie wites wyr+de.
<R 39.132.1>
+teah hwa m+age ongitan hw+at o+der do, he ne m+ag witan hw+at
he +tenc+d; +teah he m+age sume his willan 
ongitan, +tonne ne [{m+ag{] he eallne.
<R 39.132.4>
Ic +te m+ag eac reccan sum bispell be +t+am +t+at +tu hit
meaht +te sweotolor ongitan, +deah [{hit{] 
ungesceadwise men ongitan ne m+agen.
<R 39.132.6>
+t+at is forhwi se gooda l+ace selle +tam halum men seftne
drenc & swetne, & o+drum halum biterne & 
strangne; & hwilum eft +tam unhalum, sumum li+dne, [{sumum{]
strangne, sumum swetne, sumum biterne.
<R 39.132.9>
Ic wat +t+at +alc +tara +te +tone cr+aft ne can wile +t+as
wundrian forhwy hi swa don.
<R 39.132.10>
Ac his ne wundria+d +ta l+acas nauht, for+d+am hi [{witon{]
+t+at +da o+dre nyton; for+d+am hi cunnon +alces hiora
medtrymnesse ongiton & oncnawan, & eac +da cr+aftas +te
+t+arwi+d sculon.
<R 39.132.13>
Hw+at is sawla h+alo bute rihtwisnes?
<R 39.132.14>
o+d+de hw+at is hiora untrymnes bute un+teawas?
<R 39.132.15>
Hwa is +tonne betera l+ace +t+are sawle +tonne se +te hi
gesceop, +t+at is God?
<R 39.132.16>
He ara+d +t+am goodan, & witna+d +da yflan; he wat hw+as +alc
wyr+de bi+d.
<R 39.132.17>
Nis hit nan wundor, for+d+am he of +t+am hean hrofe hit eall
gesih+d, & +tonan misca+d & metga+d +alcum be 
his gewyrhtum.
<R 39.132.20>
+T+at we +tonne hata+d wyrd, +tonne se gesceadwisa God, +te
+alces monnes +dearfe wat, hw+at wyrc+d o+d+de 
ge+tafa+d +t+as +te we ne wena+d.
<R 39.132.22>
& git ic +te m+ag sume bisne feaum wordum secgan be +t+am
d+ale +te sio mennisce gesceadwisnes m+ag 
ongitan +ta godcundnesse.
<R 39.132.24>
+t+at is +tonne +t+at we ongita+d hwilum [{mon{] on o+dre
wisan, on o+dre hine God ongit.
<R 39.132.26>
Hwilum we tiohhia+d +t+at he sie se betra, & +tonne wat God
+t+at hit swa ne bi+d.
<R 39.132.27>
+tonne hw+am hw+at cym+d o+d+de goodes o+d+de yfles mare
+tonne +de +tinc+d +t+at he wyr+de sie, ne bi+d sio 
unrihtwisnes no on Gode, ac sio ungleawnes bi+d on +de 
selfum, +t+at +tu hit ne canst on riht gecnawan.
<R 39.132.30>
Oft gebyre+d +teah +t+atte men ongita+d man on +da ilcan wisan
+te hine God ongit.
<R 39.132.31>
Oft hit gebyre+d +t+atte manige men bio+d swa ungetrume 
+ag+ter 
<P 133>
ge on mode ge on lichoman +t+at hi ne magon
nan good don, ne nan yfel nylla+d unnedige, & bio+d eac swa
unge+tyldige +t+at hi ne magon nan earfo+du
ge+tyldelice aberan.
<R 39.133.3>
For+d+am hit gebyre+d oft +t+at God nylle for his
mildheortnesse nan unaberendlice broc him an settan, 
+ty l+as hi forl+aten hiora unsce+dfulnesse & weor+den wyrsan,
gif hi asterede bio+d & geswencte.
<R 39.133.7>
Sume men beo+d +alces cr+aftes full cr+aftige, & full halige
weras & rihtwise.
<R 39.133.8>
+tonne +tinc+d +t+at Gode unriht +t+at he swylce swence; ge
fur+dum +tone dea+d +te eallum monnum is gecynde 
to +tolianne, he him gede+d seftran +tonne o+drum monnum.
<R 39.133.10>
swa swa gio [{sum{] wis mon cw+a+d +t+at se godcunda anwald
gefrio+dode his deorlingas under [{his{] fi+dra 
sceate, & hi scilde swa geornlice swa [{swa{] man de+d +tone
+appel on his eagan.
<R 39.133.14>
Manige tilia+d Gode to cwemanne to +ton georne +t+at hi
wilnia+d hiora agnum willum manigfeald earfo+du 
to +trowianne, for+d+am hi willnia+d maran are & [{maran{]
hlisan & [{maran{] weor+dscipe mid Gode to habbanne
+tonne +ta habba+d +te softor libba+d.
<R 39.133.19>
Oft eac becym+d se anwald +tisse worulde to swi+de goodum
monnum, for+d+am +t+at se anwald +tara yfelana 
weor+de toworpen.
<R 39.133.21>
Sumum monnum God sele+d +ag+der ge good ge yfel gemenged,
for+d+am hi +ag+tres earnia+d; sume he bereafa+d 
hiora welan swi+de hra+de, +t+as +te hi +arest ges+alige
weor+da+d, +ty l+as hi for longum ges+al+dum hi to up 
ah+abben, & +tonan on ofermettum weor+den; sume he l+at 
+treagan mid heardum broce, +t+at hi leornigen +tone
cr+aft ge+tyldelice on +d+am langan geswince.
<R 39.133.27>
Sume him ondr+ada+d earfo+du swi+dor +tonne hi +tyrfen, +teah
hi hi ea+de adreogan m+agen; sume hi gebycga+d
weor+dlicne hlisan +tisses andweardan lifes mid hiora agnum
dea+de, for+d+am hi wena+d +t+at hi n+abben nan
o+der fioh +t+as hlisan wyr+de buton hiora agnum fiore.
<R 39.133.31>
Sume men w+aron gio unoferswi+dedlice, swa +t+at hi nan ne
meahte mid nanum 
<P 134>
wite oferswi+tan; +ta bisnodon 
hiora +aftergengum +t+at hi n+aren mid witum oferswi+dde.
<R 39.134.2>
On +t+am w+as sweotol +t+at hi for heora godum weorcum h+afden
+done cr+aft +t+at hi mon ne meahte 
oferswi+dan.
<R 39.134.4>
Ac +ta yflan for hiora yflum weorcum w+aron gewitnode &
oferswi+dde, for+d+am +t+at +da witu gestirden 
o+drum +t+at [{hi{] swa gedon ne dorsten, & eac +ta gebetan 
+te hi +tonne brocia+d.
<R 39.134.7>
+t+at is swi+de sweotol tacn +t+am wisan +t+at he ne sceal
lufian to ungemetlice +das woruldges+al+da, for+d+am
hie oft cuma+d to +d+am wyrrestum monnum.
<R 39.134.9>
Ac hw+at wille we cwe+dan be +t+am andweardan welan +te oft
cym+d to +d+am goodum, hw+at he elles sie buton
tacn +t+as toweardan welan, & +t+as edleanes angin +te him God
tiohhod h+af+d for his goodan willan?
<R 39.134.13>
Ic wene eac +t+atte God selle m+anegum yfelum men ges+al+da
for+d+am+te he wat hiora gecynd & hiora willan
swa geradne +t+at hi for nanum erm+dum ne byo+d no +ty betran
ac +ty wyrsan.
<R 39.134.16>
Ac se gooda l+ace, +t+at is God, lacna+d hiora mod mid +d+am
welan; wile +t+at [{hi{] ongiten hwonon him se 
wela come & olecce +t+am +te l+as he him +tone welan afyrre,
o+d+de hine [{+tam{] welan, & wende his +teawas to 
gode, & forl+ate +da un+teawas & +ta yfel +te he +ar [{for{]
his erm+dum dyde.
<R 39.134.21>
Sume bio+d +teah +ty wyrson gif hi welan habba+d, for+d+am hi
ofermodiga+d for +d+am welan & his ungemetlice
bruca+d.
<R 39.134.24>
Manegum men bio+d eac forgifene for+d+am +tas weoruldges+al+da
+t+at he scile +t+am goodum leanian hiora 
good, & +t+am yflum hiora yfel.
<R 39.134.26>
For+d+am symle bio+d +ta goodan & +ta yflan unge+twere betwuh
him, ge eac hwilum +ta yflan bio+d ungerade 
betwuh him selfum.
<R 39.134.28>
ge for+dum [^SEDGEFIELD: fur+dum^] an yfel man bi+d simle
unge+tw+are him selfum,
for+d+am +te he wat +t+at he untela de+d, & wen+d 
him +tara leana, & nyle +teah +t+as geswican, ne [{hit{] 
fur+dum him ne l+at hreowan; & +tonne for +d+am singalum
ege ne m+ag no weor+dan ge+tw+are on him 
<P 135>
selfum.
<R 39.135.1>
Oft hit [{eac{] [{gebyre+d{] +t+at se yfla forl+at his yfel
[{for{] sumes o+dres yfles mannes andan, [{for+d+am{] he 
wolde mid +ty t+alan +tone o+derne +t+at he onscunode his
+teawas.
<R 39.135.4>
[{swinc+d{] +tonne ymb +t+at swa he swi+dost m+ag +t+at he
tiola+d ungelic to bionne +t+am [{o+drum{] , for+d+am hit is 
+t+as godcundan [{anwealdes{] gewuna +t+at he wirc+d of yfle
good.
<R 39.135.6>
Ac hit nis nanum men alefed +t+at he m+age witan eall +t+at
God getiohhod h+af+d, ne eac areccan +t+at +t+at 
he geworht h+af+d.
<R 39.135.8>
Ac on +t+am hi habba+d genoh to ongitanne +t+at se scippend &
se waldend eallra gesceafta welt, & rehte
gesceop eall +t+at he gesceop, & nan yfel ne worhte ne get ne
wyrc+d, ac +alc yfel he adrif+d of eallum
his rice.
<R 39.135.12>
Ac gif +tu +after +t+am hean anwalde spyrian wilt +t+as
+almehtigan Godes, +tonne ne ongitst +tu nan yfel on
nanum +tinge, +teah +te nu +dince +t+at her micel on +tys
middangearde sie.
<R 39.135.15>
for+d+am hit is riht +t+at +da goodan h+abben good edlean
hiora godes, & +ta yflan [{h+abban{] wite hiora 
yfles; ne bi+d +t+at nan yfel [{+t+atte{] riht bi+d, ac bi+d 
good.
<R 39.135.18>
Ac ic ongite +d+at ic +te h+abbe a+dretne [{nu{] mid +ty
langan [{spelle{] , for+d+am +te lyst nu leo+da; ac [{onfoh{]
hiora nu, for+d+am hit is se [{l+acedom{] & se drenc +te +tu
lange wilnodest, +t+at +du +ty e+d m+age [{+t+are{] lare
onfon.



<B COCURA>
<Q O2 IR RELT CP>
<N CURA PASTORALIS>
<A ALFRED>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  ALFRED'S CURA PASTORALIS.
KING ALFRED'S WEST-SAXON VERSION
OF GREGORY'S PASTORAL CARE, PARTS I-II.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 45, 50.
ED. H. SWEET.
LONDON, 1958 (1871).
PP. 23.9  - 53.2  (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 237.6 - 271.5 (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 387.5 - 427.7 (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B9.1.3A^]
<P 23>
<R 23.9>
+tu leofusta bro+dur, sui+de freondlice & sui+de fremsumlice
+du me t+aldes+d, & mid ea+dmode inge+donce 
+du me ciddes+d, for+don ic min ma+d, & wolde fleon +da
byr+denne +d+are hirdelecan giemenne.
<R 23.11>
+dara byr+denna hefignesse, eall +d+at ic his geman, ic awrite
on +disse andweardan bec, +dyl+as hi hw+am
leohte +dyncen to underfonne;
<R 23.13>
& ic eac l+are +d+at hira nan +dara ne wilnie +de hine
unw+arlice bega;
<R 23.14>
& se +de hi unw+arlice & unryhtlice gewilnige, ondr+ade he
+d+at he hi +afre underfenge.
<R 23.16>
Nu ic wilnige +d+atte +deos spr+ac stigge on +d+at inge+donc
+d+as leorneres, su+a su+a on sume hl+adre, 
st+apm+alum near & near, o+d+d+at hio f+astlice gestonde on 
+d+am solore +d+as modes +de hi leornige;
<R 23.18>
& for+dy ic hi tod+ale on feower: an is +dara d+ala hu he on
+done folgo+d becume;
<R 23.20>
o+der hu he +d+aron libbe; +dridda is hu he +d+aron l+are;
<R 23.21>
feor+de is hu he his agene un+deawas ongietan wille & hira
ge+d+af bion, +tyl+as he for +dy underfenge his
ea+dmodnesse forl+ate, o+d+de eft his lif sie ungelic his
+denunga, o+d+de he to +driste & to sti+d sie 
for +dy underfenge his lareowdomes;
<R 23.24>
ac gemetgige 
<P 25>
hit se ege his agenra un+deawa, & bef+aste he mid
his lifes bisenum +da lare +d+am +de his 
wordum ne geliefen;
<R 25.2>
& +donne he god weorc wyrce, gemyne he +d+as yfeles +de he
worhte, +dette sio unrotnes, +de he for +d+am 
yflan weorcum h+abbe, gemetgige +done gefean +de he for +d+am
godan weorcum h+afde;
<R 25.5>
+dyl+as he beforan +d+as dieglan deman eagum sie ahafen on his
mode & on ofermettum a+dunden, & 
+donne +durh +d+at selflice his godan weorc forleose.
<R 25.7>
Ac monige sindon me sui+de onlice on ungel+arednesse, +deah
+de hi n+afre leorningcnihtas n+aren, wilnia+d
+deah lareowas to beonne, & +dyncet him sui+de leoht sio
byr+den +d+as lareowdomes, for+don+de hi ne 
cunnon +d+at m+agen his micelnesse.
<R 25.11>
From +d+are dura selfre +disse bec, +d+at is from onginne
+disse spr+ace, sint adrifene & get+alde +da 
unwaran, +de him agniat +done cr+aft +d+as lareowdomes +de hi 
na ne geleornodon.
<R 1.25.14>
[}+D+ATTE UNL+ARDE NE DYRREN UNDERFON LAREOWDOM.}]
<R 1.25.15>
For+don+de nan cr+aft nis to l+aranne +d+am +de hine +ar
geornlice ne leornode, forhwon beo+d +afre su+a 
+driste +da ungel+aredan +d+at hi underfon +da heorde +d+as
lariowdomes, +donne se cr+aft +d+as lareowdomes bi+d 
cr+aft ealra cr+afta?
<R 1.25.18>
Hua nat +d+at +da wunda +d+as modes bio+d digelran +donne +da
wunda +d+as lichaman?
<R 1.25.19>
& +deah +da woroldlecan l+acas scoma+t +d+at hi onginnen +da
wunda lacnian +de hi gesion ne magon, & huru 
gif hi nou+der gecnawan ne cunnan ne +da medtrymnesse ne eac
+da wyrta +de +d+arwi+d sculon.
<R 1.25.22>
& hwilon ne scoma+d +da +de +d+as modes l+aceas beon scoldon,
+deah +de hi nane wuht ongitan ne cunnon 
<P 27>
+dara g+astlecena beboda, +d+at hie him onteo+d +d+at hie sien
heortan l+acas.
<R 1.27.2>
Ac for+don+de nu eall se weor+dscipe +disse worolde is
gecierred, Gode +donc, to weor+dscipe +d+am 
+awf+astam, +d+at +da sindon nu weor+doste +de +awf+astoste 
sindon, for+don licet sui+de monig +d+at he +awf+as+d lareow 
sie, +de he wilna+d micle woroldare habban.
<R 1.27.5>
Be +dam Cris+d selfa cleopode, & +dus cw+a+d: Hi seca+d +d+at
hi mon +arest grete & weor+dige on ceapstowum &
on gebeorscipum, & +d+at hie fyrmest hlynigen +at
+afengieflum, & +d+at ieldes+de setl on gemetengum hi 
seca+d.
<R 1.27.8>
For+don hie sua on ofermettum & mid upahafenesse becuma+d to
+d+are are +d+are hirdelecan giemenne, hi 
ne magon medomlice +denian +da +denunga, & +d+are ea+dmodnesse
lareowas bion;
<R 1.27.11>
ac sio tunge bi+d gescinded on +dam lariowdome +donne hio
o+der l+ar+d, o+der hio liornode.
<R 1.27.12>
Suelcum monnum Dryhten cidde +durh +done witgan, & him suelc
o+dwat, +da he cu+a+d: Hie ricsedon, n+as 
+deah mines +donces;
<R 1.27.14>
ealdormen hi w+aron, & ic hie ne cu+de.
<R 1.27.15>
+da +de sua ricsiea+d, hi ricsia+d of hira agnum dome, n+as
of +d+as hiehstan deman, +donne hi ne beo+d mid
nanre sylle underscotene +d+as godcundlican m+agenes, ne for
nanum cr+afte gecorene, ac mid hira 
agenre gewilnunge hie bio+d onb+arnede, +d+at hie gereafia+d 
sua heane lariowdom sui+dor +donne hi hine geearnien.
<R 1.27.20>
Hie +donne se eca & se diegla dema upahefe+d suelce he hi
nyte, & ge+dafiende he hit forbire+d for +dam
dome his ge+dylde.
<R 1.27.21>
Ac +deah hi on +dam hade fela wundra wyrcen, eft +donne hi to
him cuma+d, he cui+d: Gewita+d from me ge unryhtwyrhtan;
<R 1.27.23>
nat ic hw+at ge sint.
<R 1.27.24>
Eft he hie +dreade +durh +done witgan for hira
ungel+arednesse, +da he cu+a+d: +da hierdas n+afdon andgit:
hie h+afdon mine +a, & hi me 
<P 29>
ne gecniowon.
<R 1.29.1>
Se +de Godes bebodu ne gecn+aw+d, ne bi+d he oncnawen from
Gode.
<R 1.29.2>
+d+at ilce cu+a+d sanctus Paulus: Se +de God ne ongit, ne
ongit God hine.
<R 1.29.3>
Unwise lareowas cuma+d for +d+as folces synnum.
<R 1.29.4>
For+don oft for +d+as lareowes unwisdome misfara+d +da
hieremenn, & oft for +d+as lareowes wisdome 
unwisum hieremonnum bi+d geborgen.
<R 1.29.6>
Gif +donne +ag+der bi+d unwis, +donne is to ge+dencanne hw+at
Cris+d self cu+a+d on his godspelle, he cw+a+d: 
Gif se blinda +done blindan l+at, hi fealla+d begen on +anne
pytt.
<R 1.29.8>
Be +d+am ilcan se sealmscop cu+a+d: Sien hira eagan a+distrode
+d+at hi ne geseon, & hiora hrygc simle gebieged.
<R 1.29.10>
Ne cu+a+d he +d+at for+dy+de he +anegum men +d+as wyscte
o+d+de wilnode, ac he witgode sua sua hit geweor+dan sceolde.
<R 1.29.12>
So+dlice +da eagan +d+at beo+d +da lareowas, & se hrygc +d+at
sint +da hieremenn;
<R 1.29.13>
for+dan +da eagan bio+d on +dam lichoman foreweardum &
ufeweardum, & se hrycg f+ar+d +after +alcre wuhte;
<R 1.29.14>
sua ga+d +da lareowas beforan +d+am folce, & +d+at folc +after.
<R 1.29.15>
+donne +dam lareowum a+distria+d +d+as modes eagan, +de
beforan gan scoldon mid godum bisenum, +donne 
gebig+d +d+at folc hira hrycg to hefegum byr+denum manegum.
<R 2.29.18>
[}NE EFT +DA GEL+AREDAN +DE SWA NYLLA+D LIBBAN SWA HIE ON BOCUM
LEORNEDON, +D+AT HI SCOLDON NE UNDERFON +DA
ARE +D+AS LAREOWDOMES.}]
<R 2.29.21>
Monige eac wise lareowas winna+d mid hira +deawum wi+d +da
g+as+dlecan bebodu +de hi mid wordum l+ara+d, 
+donne hie on o+dre wisan libba+d on o+dre hi l+ara+d.
<R 2.29.23>
Oft +donne se hirde g+a+d on frecne wegas, sio hiord 
<P 31>
+de unw+arre bi+d, gehrist.
<R 2.31.1>
Be suelcum hirdum cw+a+d se witga: Ge fortr+adon Godes sceapa
g+ars & ge gedrefdon hiora w+ater mid 
iowrum fotum, +deah ge hit +ar undrefed druncen.
<R 2.31.3>
Sua +da lareowas hi drinca+d sui+de hluter w+ater, +donne hi
+done godcundan wisdom leornia+d, & eac 
+donne hie hiene l+ara+d;
<R 2.31.5>
ac hie hit gedrefa+d mid hira agnum un+deawum, +donne +d+at
folc bisena+d on hira un+deawum, nals on hira
lare.
<R 2.31.6>
+deah +d+at folc +dyrste +d+are lare, hie hie ne magon
drincan, ac hio bi+d gedrefed mid+dam+de +da lareowas
o+der do+d o+der hie l+ara+d.
<R 2.31.8>
Be +d+am Dryhten cw+a+d eft +durh +done witgan: Yfle preostas
bio+t folces hryre.
<R 2.31.9>
Ne dere+d nan mon sui+dor +d+are halgan gesomnunge +donne +da
+de +done noman underfo+d & +da endebyrdnesse
+d+as halgan hades & +donne on woh do+d;
<R 2.31.12>
for+don hie nan monn ne dearr +dreagean +deah hie agylten, ac
mid +dam beo+d synna sui+de gebr+adda +de hie
beo+d sua geweor+dade.
<R 2.31.14>
Ac hie woldon selfe fleon +da byr+denne sua micelre scylde,
+da +de his unwier+de w+aron, gif hie mid 
hiora heortan earum woldon gehieran & geornlice ge+dencan +done
Cristes cuide, +da he cu+a+d: Se +de 
+anigne +dissa ierminga besuic+d, him w+are betere +d+at him 
w+are sumu esulcweorn to +d+am suiran getiged, & sua
aworpen to s+as grunde.
<R 2.31.18>
+durh +da cweorne is getacnod se ymbhwyrft +disse worolde &
eac monna lifes & hira gesuinces, & +durh
+done s+agrund hira ende & se si+demes+da demm.
<R 2.31.21>
+donne bi+d sio cweorn becierred +donne se monn bi+d geendod;
+donne bi+d sio micle cweorn becierred +donne +deos weorld
bi+d geendod.
<R 2.31.22>
Se +donne to halgum hade becym+d, & +donne mid yflum bisnum
o+d+de worda o+d+de weorca o+dre on won 
gebring+d, betre him w+are +d+at he on l+assan hade & on 
eor+dlicum weorcum his lif geendode;
<R 2.31.25>
for+d+am gif he 
<P 33>
on +d+am wel de+d, he h+af+d +d+as god lean,
gif he yfle de+d, l+asse wite he +drowa+d on helle,
gif he ana +dider cym+d, +donne he do, gif he o+derne mid him
+dider bring+d.
<R 3.33.4>
[}BE +D+ARE BYR+DENNE +D+AS RECCENDDOMES, & HU HE SCYLE EALL
EARFO+DU FORSION, & HU FORHT HE SCEAL BEON 
FOR +ALCRE ORSORGNESSE.}]
<R 3.33.6>
For+don we +diss feawum wordum s+adon, +dy we woldon gecy+dan
hu micel sio byr+den bi+d +d+as lareowdomes, 
+dyl+as +anig hine underfon durre +dara +de his unwier+de sie,
+dyl+as hie +durh +da wilnunga +d+are woroldare
underfo +done latteowdom +d+as forlores.
<R 3.33.9>
Sui+de medomlice Iacobus se apostol his stirde, +da he cu+a+d:
Bro+dor ne beo eower to fela lareowa.
<R 3.33.11>
For+d+am se wealhstod self Godes & monna, +d+at is Crist,
fleah eor+drice to underfonne.
<R 3.33.12>
Se se +de ealne +done wisdom +dara uferrenna g+asta
oferstig+d & +ar worolde ricsode on hefenum, hit is
awriten on +d+am godspelle, Iudeas comon & woldon hine don
niedenga to cyninge.
<R 3.33.15>
+da se H+alend +d+at ongeat, +da becierde he hie & gehydde
hiene.
Hwa meahte ie+d monnum r+adan butan scylde, +donne se +de hi
gescop?
<R 3.33.16>
Ne fleah he +dy rice +dy his +anig monn bet wyr+de w+are, ac
he wolde us +da bisene astellan, +d+at we 
his to sui+de ne gitseden;
<R 3.33.18>
& eac wolde for us +drowian.
<R 3.33.19>
He nolde beon cyning, & his agnum willan he com to rode
gealgan.
<R 3.33.20>
+da weor+dmynde cynehades he fleah, & +d+at wite +d+as
frace+dlecestan dea+des he geceas, for+dam +d+atte we,
+de his liomu sindon, leornedon +at him +d+at we flugen +da
oliccunga +disses middangeardes;
<R 3.33.23>
& eac +d+at +d+at we his ege & his brogan us ne ondreden, &
<P 35>
for so+df+as+dnesse +d+at we lufigen gesuinc,
& orsorgnesse we us ondr+aden, & hi for+dy forbugen.
<R 3.35.2>
For+dam for +d+are orsorgnesse monn oft a+dint on ofermettum,
& +da earfe+du +durh sar & [{+durh{] sorge hiene
gecl+ansia+d & geea+dmeda+d.
<R 3.35.4>
On +d+am gesundfulnessum +d+at mod wier+d upahafen;
<R 3.35.5>
& on +d+am earfe+dum, +deah hit +ar upahafen w+are, hit bi+d
geea+dmedd.
<R 3.35.6>
On +d+are gesundfulnesse mon forgiett his selfes;
<R 3.35.8>
on +d+am gesuincum he sceal hine selfne ge+dencean, +deah he
nylle.
On +d+are orsorgnesse oft +d+at he to gode gedyde he
forlies+d, on +d+am earfo+dum oft +d+at he longe +ar to 
yfle gedyde, he gebett.
<R 3.35.9>
Sui+de oft monn bi+d +d+are earfo+dnesse lareowdome
under+dieded, +deah he +ar nolde his lareowes +deawum &
larum bion.
<R 3.35.11>
Ac +deah hine +donne +da brocu getyn & gel+aren, sona, gif he
on rice becym+d, for +d+are weor+dunge +d+as 
folces, he bi+d on ofermettu awended, & gewuna+d to +d+am
gielpe.
<R 3.35.14>
Sua sua Saul se cyning, +ares+d he fleah +d+at rice, & tealde
hine selfne his sui+de unwier+dne.
<R 3.35.15>
Ac sona sua he +done anwald onfeng +d+as rices, he astag on
ofermetto, & hine bealg wi+d +done ilcan 
Samuel +de hine +ar on +d+am rice gebrohte, & hine to 
gehalgode, for+dam+de he him s+ade beforan +dam folce 
his un+deawas, +da he him +ar hiera +donces gestieran ne
meahte;
<R 3.35.19>
& +da he him from wolde, +da gefeng he hine, & toslat his
hr+agl, & hine geunarode.
<R 3.35.20>
Sua eac Dauit, +de folneah on eallum +dingum Gode licode, sona
sua he +da byr+denne n+afde sua monegra 
earfe+da, he w+as mid ofermettum gewundad, & +d+at sui+de
w+alhreowlice gecy+dde on Urias sl+age his agenes
holdes +degnes, for +d+are scamleaslecan gewilnunge his wifes.
<R 3.35.24>
Se ilca se monegum yfelum 
<P 37>
wi+d hine selfne forworhtum +ar
gearode, he wear+d eft sua ungemetlice 
gr+adig +d+as godan dea+tes, butan +alcre scylde & +alcre
wi+derweardnesse wi+d hine.
<R 3.37.3>
Se ilcan Dauid +de forb+ar +d+at he +done kyning ne yfelode,
+de hine on sua heardum wr+ace gebrohte, & of
his earde adr+afde, +da he his wel geweald ahte on +d+am
scr+afe, he genom his lo+dan +anne l+appan to 
tacne +d+at he his geweald ahte, & hine +deah for +dam ealdan
treowum forlet.
<R 3.37.7>
Se ilca Dauid miclum his agenes herges pleah, & monigne
forsende, +d+ar he ymb his getreowne +degn unsynnigne sierede.
<R 3.37.9>
Sio scyld hine sui+de feorr of ealra haligra rime atuge, +d+ar
him eft +da gesuinc & +da earfe+du ne gehulpen.
<R 4.37.11>
[}OND HU OFT SIO BISGUNG +D+AS RICES & +D+AS RECEDOMES TOSLIT
+D+AT MOD +D+AS RECCERES.}]
<R 4.37.13>
Sui+de oft gedrefe+d +da heortan sio manigfealde giemen +d+as
underfangenan lareowdomes, & +donne +d+at mod
bi+d on monig tod+aled, hit bi+d on anes hw+am +de
unf+astre, & eac +de unyttre.
<R 4.37.15>
Bi +dam cu+a+d Salomonn se snottra: Sunu min, ne tod+al +du on
to fela +din mod, & +din weorc endemes.
<R 4.37.17>
For+dan oft +donne mon forl+at +done ege & +da f+as+dr+adnesse
+de he mid ryhte on him innan habban scolde,
hine sp+an+d his mod to sui+de manegum unnyttum weorce.
<R 4.37.19>
He sorga+d ymb +da, & bi+d +dara sui+de gemyndig, & forgiett
his selfes, +donne he sui+dor his mod 
gebint to +dam unnyttran weorcum +donne he +dyrfe.
<R 4.37.21>
Him bi+d sua sua +dam menn +de bi+d abisgod on f+arelde mid
o+drum cierrum, o+d+d+at he nat hwider he +ar 
wolde, ne ge+dencan ne con hw+at him 
<P 39>
losa+d on +d+are g+alinge
+de he +da hwile amierre+d, & hu sui+de he on +dam gesynga+d.
<R 4.39.2>
Ne wende na Ezechias Israhela kyning +d+at he gesyngade, +da
he l+adde +da +all+deodgan +arenddracan on 
his ma+dmhus, & him geiewde his goldhord.
<R 4.39.4>
Ac he onfunde +deah Godes ierre on +dam hearme +de his bearne
+after his dagum becom.
<R 4.39.5>
& +deah he wende +d+at hit nan syn n+are.
<R 4.39.6>
Oft +donne hw+am gebyre+d +d+at he hw+at m+arlices &
wundorlices gede+d, & his +donne wundria+d +da +de him 
under+diedde bio+d, & hine heriegea+d, +donne ahef+d he hine on
his mode, & his Deman ierre fullice to him
gecig+d, +deah +de he hit on yfelum weorcum ne geopenige.
<R 4.39.10>
Sua+deah mid +dy selflice se Dema bi+d genieded to +d+am
ierre, & se Dema se +de +d+at innge+donc eall wat,
he eac +d+am innge+donce dem+d.
<R 4.39.11>
We magon monnum bemi+dan urne ge+donc & urne willan, ac we ne
magon Gode.
<R 4.39.13>
Hw+at se Babylonia cyning w+as sui+de upahafen on his mode for
his anwalde & for his gelimpe, +da he 
f+agnode +d+as miclan weorces & f+agernesse +d+arre ceastre, &
hine o+dhof innan his ge+dohte eallum o+drum 
monnum, & suigende he cw+a+d on his mode: Hu ne is +dis sio
micle Babilon +de ic self atimbrede to 
kynestole & to +drymme, me selfum to wlite & wuldre, mid mine 
agne m+agene & strengo?
<R 4.39.18>
+da suigendan stefne sui+de hra+de se diegla Dema gehirde, &
him sui+de undeogollice gondwyrde mid +dam
witum +de he hit sui+de hr+adlice wr+ac.
<R 4.39.20>
+da upahafenesse he arasode & hie get+alde, +da he hine ascead
of +dam woroldrice, & hine gehwyrfde to
ungesceadwisum neatum, & sua awende mode he hine ge+diedde to
[{feldgongendum{] deorum;
<R 4.39.23>
& sua +dy +dearlan dome he forleas his mennisce.
<R 4.39.24>
Se ilca se +de wende +d+at he w+are ofer ealle 
<P 41>
o+dere menn, him gebyrede +d+at he nyste self hw+a+der he 
monn w+as.
<R 4.41.2>
Sua+deah, +deah ic nu +dis recce, n+a t+ale ic na micel weorc
ne ryhtne anwald, ac ic t+ale +d+at hine mon
for+dy upahebbe on his mode;
<R 4.41.3>
& +da untrymnesse hiera heortan ic wolde getrymman & gestiran
+d+are wilnunge +d+am unmedemum, +d+at 
hiera nan ne durre gripan sua orsorglice on +d+at rice & on 
+done lareowdom, +dyl+as +da gongen on sua frecne
stige, +da +de ne magon uncwaciende gestondan on emnum felda.
<R 5.41.9>
[}BI +D+AM +DE MAGON ON EALDORDOME NYTTE BEON ON BISNUM & ON
CR+AFTUM, & +DONNE FOR HIRA AGENRE IE+DNESSE +D+AT FLEO+D.}]
<R 5.41.11>
Ac monige siendun mid miclum giefum monegra cr+afta & m+agene
geweor+dode, for+don+de hie hie scoldon 
monegum t+acan, & for o+derra monna +dearfe onfo+d +dyllica
giefa.
<R 5.41.13>
+d+at is +d+at hie gehealda+d hira lichoman firenlusta
cl+anne;
<R 5.41.14>
o+der is +d+at hi beo+d on f+arh+af+dnesse strenge strange;
<R 5.41.15>
+dridde is +d+at hi beo+d mid lara suetmettum gefylde;
feor+de is +d+at hi beo+d on +alengum +dingum & +alcre
longunge ge+dyldige, & on forebyrde ea+dmode;
<R 5.41.17>
fifte is +d+at hie habba+d +da arodnesse & +da bieldo +d+at
hie magon anweald habban;
<R 5.41.18>
siexte is +d+at hi beo+d fremsume;
<R 5.41.19>
siofo+de is +d+at hi beo+d re+de & str+ace for ryhtwisnesse.
+da +de +donne +dyllice beo+d, & him mon suelcne folga+d
beode+d, & hie him wi+dsaca+d, oft him gebyre+d +d+at
hie weor+da+d bereafod +dara giefa +de him God for monigra
monna +dingum geaf, n+as for hiera anra.
<R 5.41.22>
+donne hie synderlice +dencea+d hu hie selfe scylen
fullfremodeste weor+dan, & ne giema+d to hwon 
o+derra monna wise weor+de, mid +dy hi bereafia+d hie 
<P 43>
selfe +dara
goda +de hie wilnia+d synderlice habban.
<R 5.43.1>
Be suelcum monnum Crist on his godspelle cu+a+d: Ne scyle nan
mon bl+acern +alan under mittan.
<R 5.43.3>
& eft he cu+a+d to Petre +d+am apostole: Petrus lufastu me?
He cu+a+d: +du wast +d+at ic +de lufige.
<R 5.43.4>
& +da cu+a+d Dryhten: Fed +donne min sceap, gif +du me
lufige.
<R 5.43.5>
Gif +donne seo feding +dara sceapa bi+d +d+are lufan tacen,
hwi forcwi+d +donne se +de him God suelce 
cr+aftas gief+d +d+at he ne fede his heorde, buton he cue+dan
wielle +d+at he ne lufige +done Hlaford & +done 
hean Hierde eallra gesceafta?
<R 5.43.8>
Be +dam Paulus se apostol cu+a+d: Gif Crist for us eallum dead
w+as, +donne weor+da+d ealle menn deade.
<R 5.43.10>
Hw+at is +donne betere +da hwile +de we libben, +donne we ures
fl+asces lustum ne libben, ac +d+as bebodum
+de for us dead w+as & eft aras?
<R 5.43.12>
Be +dam cu+a+d Moyses: Gif hwa gefare & nan bearn ne
gestriene, gif he bro+dor l+afe, fo se to his wife.
<R 5.43.13>
Gif he +donne bearn +d+arbig gestriene, +donne cenne he +d+at
+dam gefarenan bre+der +de hie +ar ahte.
<R 5.43.15>
Gif he +donne +d+at wif wille forsacan, +donne hr+ace hio him
on +d+at nebb foran, & his m+agas hine 
anscogen o+dre fet, +d+at mon m+age si+d+dan hatan [{his{] tun
+d+as anscodan tun.
<R 5.43.17>
+dis w+as ryht dom on +d+are ealdan +a, & is nu us to
bispelle.
<R 5.43.18>
Se +ar gefarena bro+dor getacna+d Crist.
<R 5.43.19>
He hine +atiede +after +d+are +ariste, & cu+a+d: Fara+d &
cy+da+d minum bro+drum +d+at hie cumen to Galileum;
<R 5.43.20>
+d+ar hie me geseo+d.
<R 5.43.21>
He gefor suelce he butan bearnum gefore, for+don he n+afde
gefylled +dagiet +done rim his gecorenra.
<R 5.43.22>
Sua sua +d+as gefarenan bro+dor wif on +d+are ealdan +a w+as
geboden +d+am lifiendan bre+der to onfonne, sua
is cynn +d+at sio giemen +d+are halgan ciricean, +d+at is
Cristes folces 
<P 45>
gesomnung, sie +dam beboden +de 
hie wel ofer m+age, & hiere wel r+adan cunne.
<R 5.45.2>
Gif hire +donne se wi+dsace, +donne is cynn +d+at him spiwe
+d+at wif on +d+at nebb, +d+at is +d+at hine t+ale 
+d+as folces gesomnung, emne suelce hie him on +d+at nebb 
sp+aten, for+don+de he nyle giefan +d+at him God 
geaf, & helpan +d+as folces mid +dam +de he his healp.
<R 5.45.5>
Sua is cynn +d+at sio halige gesomnung t+ale +alces +dara god
+de hit him anum wile to gode habban, & 
nyle o+dera mid helpan.
<R 5.45.7>
Se bi+d eac mid ryhte o+dre fet anscod, & hine mon scyle on
bismer hatan se anscoda.
<R 5.45.8>
Be +d+am cu+a+d Crist on his gospelle: Sceawia+d iowre fet,
+d+at ge sien gearwe to ganganne on sibbe weg
+after minra boca bebodum.
<R 5.45.10>
Gief we +donne habba+d sua micle sorge & sua micle gieman
urra niehstena sua sua ure selfra, +donne
h+abbe we begen fet gescode sui+de unt+allice;
<R 5.45.12>
gif we +donne agiemeleasia+d urra niehstena +dearfa, &
+dencea+d ymbe ure synderlice, +donne bi+d us sui+de
fraco+dlice o+der fot unscod.
<R 5.45.14>
Monige menn siendon, sua sua we +ar cu+adon, +de beo+d
geweor+dode mid miclum & mid monegum Godes 
giefum, & +donne beo+d on+alede mid +d+are gierninge +dara 
smeaunga Godes wisdomes anes, & fleo+d +donne +da 
nyttwyr+dan hiersumnesse +d+are lare, & nylla+d +d+as +dencean 
hu hie m+agen nyttweor+duste bion hiera niehstum,
ac lufia+d diegla stowa, & fleo+d monna onsiena.
<R 5.45.20>
Gif him +donne God ryhtlice & str+aclice deman wile, & he him
for his mildheortnesse ne ara+d, +donne
beo+d hie sua monegum scyldum scyldige [{sua{] [{hie{]
manegra un+deawa gestiran meahton mid hiora larum &
bisenum, gif hi ongemong monnum beon wolden.
<R 5.45.24>
Hw+at +dencea+d +da +de on suelcum weorcum scina+d, & magon
<P 47>
hiera niehstum sua nytte beon, hwy hie +dara 
geearnunga & diegelnesse & anette bet truwigen +donne +d+are
hu hie o+derra monna m+ast gehelpen?
<R 5.47.3>
Hw+at se ancenneda Godes sunu of his f+ader bosme w+as ferende
to urre andweardnesse +d+at he ure gehulpe.
<R 6.47.5>
[}BI +D+AM +DE FOR EA+DMODNESSE FLEO+D +DA BYR+DENNE +D+AS
LAREOWDOMES, +DONNE HIE BEO+D RYHTLICE EA+DMODE +DONNE
HIE NE WINNA+D WI+D [{+D{]ONE GODCUNDAN DOM.}]
<R 6.47.8>
+donne siendon monige +de fleo+d for ea+dmodnesse anre,
for+don hie noldon +d+at hie mon ahofe ofer +da +de
him beteran +dyncea+d +donne hie selfe.
<R 6.47.10>
Nis +d+as +donne nan tweo, gif suelc ea+dmodnes bi+d mid
o+drum godum +deawum begyrded, +d+at +d+at bi+d 
beforan Godes eagum so+d ea+dmodness, +donne he for nanre
anwielnesse ne wi+dcui+d +dam nyttan weorcum +de him 
mon beode+d to underfonne.
<R 6.47.13>
Ne bi+d +d+at na so+d ea+dmodnes, gif mon ongiett +d+at +d+at
Godes willa sie +d+at he ofer o+dre beon scyle,
+d+at he +donne wi+dsace, ac beo under+dieded Godes willan &
his dome, & forl+ate +da uncyste +d+are 
anwielnesse.
<R 6.47.16>
+donne he oferst+aled bi+d, & him gereaht bi+d +d+at he o+drum
m+ag nytt bion on +dam +de him mon +donne 
bebeode+d, mid his mode he hit sceal fleon & +deah for
hiersumnesse he hit sceal underfon.
<R 7.47.20>
[}+D+ATTE OFT +D+AS LAREOWDOMES +DENUNG BI+D SWI+DE
UNT+ALWYR+DLICE GEWILNAD, & EAC SWI+DE UNT+ALWIER+DLICE 
MONIGE BEO+D TO GENIEDDE.}]
<R 7.47.23>
+teahhw+a+dre monige wilnia+d folgo+des & ealdordomes sui+de
unt+alwier+dlice, 
<P 49>
& monige beo+d togeniedde eac sui+de unt+alwier+dlice.
<R 7.49.1>
+d+at we magon sueotole ongietan, gif we ge+dencea+d +da
twegen witgan +de God wolde sendan to [{l+aranne{] .
<R 7.49.3>
O+der hiene his selfes willum gebead to +d+are lare & to +d+am
f+arelte.
<R 7.49.4>
O+der for +d+am ege, +de he ondred +d+at he hit sua medomlice
don ne meahte, him wi+dsoc.
<R 7.49.5>
+d+at w+as Heremias.
<R 7.49.6>
+da he hine sendan wolde, +da b+ad he ea+dmodlice +d+at he
hiene ne sende & cu+a+d: Eala eala eala 
Dryhten, ic eom cnioht;
<R 7.49.7>
hw+at conn ic sprecan?
<R 7.49.8>
Ac Essaias, +da Dryhten acsode hwone he sendan meahte, +da
cu+a+d Essaias: Ic eom gearo;
<R 7.49.9>
send me.
Loca nu hu ungelic spr+ac eode of +dissa tuega monna mu+de.
<R 7.49.10>
Ac hio w+as of sui+de gelicum willan, for+don hio aweoll of
anum wille;
<R 7.49.11>
+deah heo an tu tefleowe, +deah w+as sio +aspryng sio so+de
lufu.
<R 7.49.12>
Ymb +da we habba+d tua bebodu: an is +d+at we lufigen God,
o+der +d+at we lufien ure niehstan.
<R 7.49.13>
For +d+are lufan Essaias wilnode hu he nyttos+d meahte beon
his nihstum on +dys eor+dlican life, & 
for+don he wilnode +d+are +degnunga +d+as lariowdomes.
<R 7.49.16>
Hieremias +donne wilnode singallice hine ge+diedan to +d+are
lufan his Scippendes, & for+dam he 
forcw+a+d, & nolde +d+at hine mon sende to l+aranne.
<R 7.49.18>
+d+at ilce +d+at he unt+alwyr+dlice ondred to underfonne,
+d+at ilce se o+der swi+de hergeondlice gewilnode.
<R 7.49.19>
O+der ondred +d+at he forlure sprecende +da gestrion +de he on
+d+are swigean ge+dencan meahte;
<R 7.49.20>
o+der ondred +d+at he ongeate on his swygean +d+at he sumne
hearm geswigode +d+ar +d+ar he freme 
gecleopian meahte, gif he ymb +d+at geornlice swunce.
<R 7.49.23>
Ac we sculon swi+de smealice +dissa +ag+der under+dencean,
for+don+de se +de +d+ar wi+dcw+a+d, na fullice ne 
wi+dcw+a+d, & se se +de wolde +d+at hine mon sende, he geseah 
+ar hine cl+ansian +durh +da colu +d+as 
<P 51>
alteres, 
+dyl+as +anig uncl+ansod dorste on swa micelne haligdom fon
+d+are cl+anan +degnenga +d+as sacerdhades, o+d+de 
eft +anig durre on ea+dmodnesse hiwe hit ofermodlice 
forcwe+dan, swelce he licette ea+dmetto, & doo +deah
for gilpe, gif hine gecist sio uplice gifu.
<R 7.51.4>
Ac for+d+am+de hit swa earfo+de is +anegum menn to witanne
hwonne he gecl+ansod sie, he m+ag +dy 
orsorglicor forbugan +da +degnunga;
<R 7.51.7>
ond n+as swa+deah to anwillice ne forbuge he, swa we +ar
cw+adon, +donne he ongiete +done ufancundan 
willan +d+at he hit don scyle.
<R 7.51.9>
+ag+der +dissa gefylde Moyses +da he wi+dsoc swa miclum
ealdordome.
<R 7.51.10>
+ag+der ge he wolde ge he nolde, & +deah for ea+dmodnesse
ge+dafode.
<R 7.51.11>
We witon +d+at he n+are ea+dmod, gif he underfenge +done
ealdordom swelces unrimfolces buton ege;
<R 7.51.12>
& eft he w+are ofermod, gif he wi+dcw+ade +d+at he n+are
under+didd his Scippende.
<R 7.51.13>
Ac +ag+der +dissa he dyde for ea+dmodnesse & for
under+didednesse.
<R 7.51.14>
He sceawode hine selfne, & pinsode, +da +da him +duhte +d+at
he hit doon ne meahte, & swa+deah ge+dafode,
for+dam+de he getruwode +d+as m+agene +de hit him bebead.
<R 7.51.17>
Hw+at se haliga wer ongeat +t+at he h+afde Godes fultom, &
swa+deah ondred +d+at he underfenge +done 
lattiowdom +d+as folces, & nu him ne ondr+ada+d +da dolan for 
hiera agnum scyldum +d+at hie sien ofer o+dre, & ne
magon him gegaderian on +dyllicum bisene [^SWEET: biwene^] 
hu micel synn & hu micel frecennes hit bi+d.
<R 7.51.21>
God selfa tyhte Moyses on +done folgo+d, swa+deah he him
ondred;
<R 7.51.22>
ond nu fandia+d swelce wr+accan & teo+d to, woldon underfon
+done weor+dscipe & eac +da byr+denne;
<R 7.51.23>
& +da +de beo+d mid hira agnum byr+dennum of+drycte +d+at hie
ne magon gestondan, hie willa+d lustlice 
underfon o+derra monna, ond unniedige hie underluta+d 
<P 53>
mid hira sculdrum o+derra byr+denna toeacan hiera agnum;
<R 7.53.1>
he ne m+ag his agne aberan, & wolde +deah maran habban.

<S SAMPLE 2>
[^B9.1.3C^]
<P 237>
<R 35.237.6>
On o+dre wisan sint to manianne +da biliwitan, on o+dre +da
lytegan.
<R 35.237.7>
+da bilewitan sint to herigenne, for+d+am+de hie simle
suinca+d on +d+am +d+at hi tieligea+d +d+at hie ne 
sculen leasunga secgan.
<R 35.237.8>
Hie mon sceal eac l+aran +d+at hi hwilum suigien +d+as so+des,
for+d+am, sua sua sio leasung simle deret 
+d+am secggendum, sua dere+d eac hwilum sumum monnum +d+at 
so+d to gehierenne.
<R 35.237.11>
For+d+am ure Dryhten gemetgode mid suigean his spr+ace beforan
his +degnum, +da he cu+a+d: Fela ic h+abbe
eow to secganne, ac ge hit ne magon nu giet aberan.
<R 35.237.13>
+dy sint to manianne +da bilwitan anfealdan +d+atte, sua sua
hie +da leasunga nyttwyr+dlice fleo+d, +d+at 
hie eac +d+at so+d nytwyr+dlice secgen, & geicen +da god hira
anfealdnesse mid w+arscipe, & sua tilige 
+d+are orsorgnesse mid +d+are anfealdnesse +d+atte he +done
ymbe+donc +d+as w+arscipes ne forl+ate.
<R 35.237.18>
Be +dam cw+a+d se +a+dela lareow sanctus Paulus: Ic wille
+d+at ge sien wise to gode & bilwite to yfele.
<R 35.237.19>
Ond eft be +d+am cw+a+d Dryhten +durh hine selfne to his
gecorenum: Beo ge swa ware sua sua n+adran & sua
bilwite sua culfran.
<R 35.237.21>
For+d+am on +dara acorenra monna heortan sceal +d+are n+adran
lytignes & hire ni+d +d+are culfran 
biliwitnesse gescirpan, & eft +d+are culfran biliwitnesse sceal
gemetgian +d+are n+adran w+arscipe & hire ni+d, 
+dyl+as hine se w+arscipe & se anda 
<P 239>
gel+ade on ealles to micle
hatheortnesse, o+d+de eft sio bilewitnes & 
sio anfealdnes hine to ungeornfulne gedoo to ongietanne, 
+dyl+as he weor+de besolcen.
<R 35.239.3>
Ongean +d+at mon sceal monian +da lytegan, & him secgan +d+at
hie ongieten hu hefig +d+at twiefalde 
gesuinc bi+d +d+at hie him selfe +durh [{hira{] agena scylda 
hira agnes gewealdes him on geteo+d.
<R 35.239.6>
+d+at is +donne +d+at hie eallneg r+aswa+d & ondr+ada+d +d+at
hi mon t+alan wille, & beo+d eallneg mid +d+am 
ymbe+doncan abisgode & ofdr+adde.
<R 35.239.8>
O+der is +dara gesuinca +d+at hi simle secea+d endelease
ladunga, hu hie +donne bereccan m+agen.
<R 35.239.9>
Ac nis nan scild trumra wi+d +d+at tuiefalde gesuinc +donne
mon sie untwiefeald, for+d+am+de nawuht nis 
ie+dre to gesecganne, ne eac to geliefanne +donne so+d.
<R 35.239.11>
Ac +donne hwa on +da leasunga befeh+d, +donne ne m+ag he of,
ac sceal +donne niede +dencean hu he hie 
gelicettan m+age, & gewerga+d +donne his heortan sui+de hearde
mid +dy gesuince.
<R 35.239.14>
Be +d+am gesuince spr+ac se salmscop, +da he cu+a+d: +d+at
gesuinc hira agenra welena hie ge+dryc+d.
<R 35.239.15>
For+d+am se ilca feond se +de nu +d+at mod +durh +da
bisuiculan olicunga forl+are+d, he hit eft mid sui+de 
grimmum edleane ge+drysc+d.
<R 35.239.17>
Be +d+am w+as gecueden +durh Ieremias +done witgan: Hie
l+ardon hira tungan, & wenedon to leasunge, & 
swuncon on unryhtum weorce.
<R 35.239.19>
Suelce he openlice cu+ade: +da +de meahton Godes friend beon
butan gesuince, hie suuncon ymb +d+at hu 
hie meahton gesyngian.
<R 35.239.21>
Wietodlice, +donne hwa nyle bielwitlice libban butan gesuince,
he wile geearnian mid his gesuince his agenne dea+d.
<R 35.239.23>
Ac monige menn, +donne him beo+d un+deawas on anfundene,
+donne anscuniga+d hie +d+at mon wite hwelce hie
sien, & wilnia+d +d+at hie hie gehyden & beheligen under
+d+am ryfte +d+are 
<P 241>
leasunga, ge fur+dum +dara 
scylda +de openlice beo+d gesewena, hie wilnia+d +d+at hie 
scylen hie beladian sua georne +d+atte oft se +de 
wilna+d hiera un+deawas arasian, bi+d openlice besuicen & 
ablend mid +d+am miste +d+are leasunga, sua +d+at 
him fulneah +dync+d +d+atte his nawuht sua ne sie sua sua he
+ar witodlice be him wende.
<R 35.241.5>
Be +d+am ryhtlice bi Iudeum w+as gecueden +durh +done witgan
ymb +d+at synfulle mod +de hit simle wile 
ladian, he cu+a+d: +d+ar +d+ar se iil h+afde his holh.
<R 35.241.7>
Se iil getacna+d +da twiefealdnesse +d+as uncl+anan modes +de
hit symle lytiglice lada+d, sua sua se iil,
+ar+d+am he gefangen weor+de, mon m+ag gesion +ag+der ge his
fet ge his heafod ge eac eall +d+at bodig, ac
sona sua hiene mon gefeh+d, sua gewint he to anum cliewene, &
tih+d his fet sua he inmest m+ag, & 
gehyt his heafod, sua +d+atte betwuh hondum +du nast hw+ar him
aw+der cym+d, o+d+de fet o+d+de heafod, & +ar, +ar
+du his o onhriene, +du meahtes geseon +ag+der ge fet ge
heafod.
<R 35.241.14>
Swa do+d +da lytegan & +da uncl+anan mod: +donne him bi+d sum
un+deaw on onfunden, +donne bi+d +d+as iles heafud gesewen;
<R 35.241.16>
+donne mon m+ag ongietan of hwam hit +ares+d com, & for hw+am.
<R 35.241.17>
& +donne beo+d +da fet gesewene, +donne mon ongiet mid hwelcum
st+apum +d+at nawht w+as +durhtogen, ac +deah
+d+at uncl+ane mod sui+de hr+adlice feh+d on +da ladunga, &
mid +d+are behele+d his fet & +da st+apas his 
unnyttan weorces.
<R 35.241.20>
+donne he tieh+d his heafod in to him, +donne he mid
wunderlicre ladunga +atiew+d +d+at he fur+dum n+afre 
+d+at yfel ne ongunne, sua he hit h+af+d mid his lotwrencium
bewunden oninnan him selfum, suelce se 
lareow h+abbe an cliwen on his honda sui+de nearwe & sui+de
smealice gefealden, & nyte hw+ar se ende sie,
sua feor & sua f+aste hit bi+d 
<P 243>
gefealden oninnan +d+as
synnfullan monnes inge+donce, & mid his lote 
bewunden, +d+atte se lareow +d+as yfeles +de he stieran scolde,
+deah +de he hit +ar wis+de, +d+at he hit +donne 
nat, & eall +d+at he +ar t+alwyr+dlices geseah mid +dam
forhwirfdan gewunan +d+are unryhtan ladunge he bi+d
amierred +d+at he hit eal endemes forl+at, & his nanwuht nat.
<R 35.243.5>
Wietodlice se il h+af+d his holh on +d+as unnyttan monnes
heortan, for+d+am +d+at yfelwillende mod gefielt
hit self twiefald oninnan him selfum, & gehyt hine on +d+am
+diestran mid +d+are ladunge, sua se iil 
hine selfne gehyt on him selfum.
<R 35.243.10>
Gehieren +da uncl+anan & +da lytegan hu hit awriten is on
Salomonnes bocum +d+atte se libbe getreowlice
se +de bilwitlice libbe.
<R 35.243.12>
+d+at is se truwa micelre orsorgnesse, biliwitnes & anfealdnes
his weorca.
<R 35.243.13>
Gehira+d hw+at of +d+as wisan Salomonnes mu+de w+as gecueden;
<R 35.243.14>
he cu+a+d +d+at +d+as Halgan G+astes lar wille fleon
leasunga.
<R 35.243.15>
Gehira+d eac +d+atte +d+ar+after awriten is +d+atte he h+abbe
his ge+deaht & his sundorspr+ace mid +d+am 
bilwitum & mid +d+am anfealdum.
<R 35.243.17>
+donne spric+d God to +d+am menn, +donne he onlieht +d+at
mennisce mod mid his agenre andweardnesse, & him
his dieglan +ding geopena+d.
<R 35.243.19>
+donne is eac gecueden +d+atte God spr+ace to +d+am bilwitum,
+donne he mid +d+am uplicum & mid +d+am dieglum
+dingum hira mod onlieht mid +d+am sciman his giefe & his
fandunga & eac his tiehtinge.
<R 35.243.22>
+d+at beo+d +donne ealles sui+dus+d +da mod +da +de nan sceadu
ne ge+diestra+d +d+are twiefaldnesse.
<R 35.243.23>
Ac +d+at is +deah syndrig yfel twiefaldra monna +d+atte,
+donne +donne hie o+dre menn mid hira lote 
bismria+d, +donne gielpa+d hie & f+agenia+d +d+as, suelce hi 
sien micle w+arran 
<P 245>
& wisran +donne hie, for+d+am+de 
hie ne ge+dencea+d +da +dearlan edlean, ac f+agnia+d irmingas
hiera agnes dysiges & hearmes.
<R 35.245.2>
Gehiren eac +da ilcan mid hwelcum ymbe+donce godcundes
onwaldes hie +dreade Soffonias se witga, +da he
cu+a+d: Giet cym+d se micla & se m+ara & se egeslica Godes
d+ag, se d+ag bi+d irres d+ag & +diestra d+ag & 
mistes & gebreces & biemena d+ag & gedynes ofer ealla truma
ceastra & ofer ealle hea hwammas.
<R 35.245.7>
Hw+at getacnia+d +donne +da truman ceastra butan hwurfulu mod,
getrymedu & ymbtrymedu mid lytelicre 
ladunge, +d+at him ne magon to cuman +da speru +d+are
so+df+as+dnesse, +d+at sindon haligra gewrita manunga?
<R 35.245.10>
Wi+d +da speru +d+are so+df+astnesse hie hie scilda+d, +donne
hi mon t+alan wile & arasian for hira un+deawum.
<R 35.245.11>
Hw+at getacnia+d +donne +da hean hwammas buton uncl+anu &
twiefeald mod?
<R 35.245.13>
For+d+am +alc wag bi+d gebieged twiefeald on +d+am heale.
Sua bi+d +d+as monnes heorte: +donne he +da bilewitnesse & +da
anfealdnesse flih+d, he gefielt his mod 
mid wore & mid unnytre twiefealdnesse, & eac +d+atte wierse
bi+d, he hine ahef+d on his ge+dohte on gielp
& on ofermetto for +d+am w+arscipe his agenre scylde, & de+d
his agenne un+deaw him to weor+dscipe.
<R 35.245.18>
+donne cym+d se Dryhtnes domes d+ag & wrace d+ag ofer +da
truman ceastra & ofer +da hean hwammas, +donne 
+d+at ierre +d+as ytemestan domes +da menniscan heortan
towyrp+d, +da +de nu sindon betynede & getrymede 
mid lytelicum ladungum wi+d +da so+df+as+dnesse, & arafa+d 
+d+at cliwen +d+are twifaldan heortan.
<R 35.245.22>
+donne fealla+d +da truman ceastra, +donne +da mod +de Dryhtne
ungeferu sint weor+da+d gesciende.
<R 35.245.24>
+donne fealla+d +da hean hwammas, +donne +da 
<P 247>
heortan +de hie ahebba+d for +d+are tuiefealdnesse +d+as 
unryhtan w+arscipes +durh ryhtlicne cuide & dom weor+da+d 
ofdune aworpne.
<R 36.247.3>
[}+D+ATTE ON O+TRE WISAN SINT TO MANIENNE +DA HALAN, ON O+DRE
+DA UNHALAN.}]
<R 36.247.5>
On o+dre wisan sint to manianne +da truman, on o+dre +da
untruman.
<R 36.247.6>
+da truman sint to manianne +d+at hie gewilnigen mid +d+as
licuman trumnesse +d+at him ne losige sio h+alo
+d+as modes, +dyl+as him +dy wirs sie, gif hie +da trumnesse
+d+are Godes giefe him to unnyte gehweorfa+d,
& +dyl+as hie si+d+dan geearnigen sua micle hefigre wite sua
hie nu egeleaslicor & unnytlicor bruca+d 
+d+are mildheortlican Godes giefe.
<R 36.247.11>
For+don sint to manianne +da halan +d+at hie ne forhycgen
+d+at hie her on worulde on +d+are hwilendlican
h+alo him geearnigen +da ecan h+alo.
<R 36.247.13>
Ymb +da hwilendlican tida sanctus Paulus spr+ac, +da he
cu+a+d: Nu is hiersumnesse tima & nu sint 
h+alnesse dagas.
<R 36.247.14>
Eac sint to manianne +da halan +d+at hie Gode wilnigen to
licianne +de hwile +de hie m+agen, +dyl+as hie 
eft ne m+agen, +donne hie willen.
<R 36.247.16>
For+don w+as gesprecen +durh +done wisan Salomonn bi +d+am
Wisdome +d+at se Wisdom wille sona fleon +done 
+de hine flieh+d, +donne he hine ful oft +ar to him cleopa+d, &
he fors+ac+d +d+at he him to cume.
<R 36.247.19>
Ac eft, +donne he +done Wisdom habban wolde, & his wilna+d,
+donne cui+d se Wisdom to him: Ic eow 
cleopode +ar to me, ac ge me noldon +at cuman;
<R 36.247.21>
ic r+ahte mine hond to eow, nolde iower nan to locian;
<R 36.247.22>
ac ge forsawon eall min ge+deaht, & leton eow to giemeleste,
+donne ic eow cidde.
<R 36.247.23>
Hw+at sceal ic +donne buton 
<P 249>
hliehchan +d+as, +donne ge to lose
weor+da+d, & habban me +d+at to gamene, +donne
eow +d+at yfel on becym+d +d+at ge eow +ar ondredon?
<R 36.249.2>
Ond eac cui+d se Wisdom eft: +donne hie to me clipia+d, +donne
nylle ic hie gehieran.
<R 36.249.4>
On uhtan hie arisa+d, & me secea+d, ac hi me ne finda+d.
<R 36.249.5>
Ac +donne se mon his lichoman h+alo [{forsih+d{] , +donne
+donne he wel trum bi+d to wyrceanne +d+at he +donne 
wile, +donne +donne him eft sio h+al losa+d, +donne gefred he
+ares+d hwelc heo to habbanne w+as +da hwile +de
he hi h+afde, & wilna+d hire to late & on untiman, +donne he
+ar nolde hie gehealdan, +da +da he hi 
h+afde.
<R 36.249.9>
For+d+am eft sui+de ryhtlice Salomonn cu+a+d: Ne l+at +du to
+al+diodigum +dinne weor+dscipe, ne on +d+as 
w+alhreowan hond +din gear, +dyl+as fremde menn weor+den 
gefylled of +dinum gesuince, & +din m+agen sie on o+dres
monnes gewealdum, & +du +donne sargige for+d+am on las+d,
+donne +din lichoma beo to lore gedon, & +din 
fl+asc gebrosnod.
<R 36.249.14>
Hwa is +donne from us fremde butan +da [{awiergdan{] g+astas,
+da +de from [{+d+as{] hefencundan F+ader e+dle 
adrifene sindon?
<R 36.249.16>
O+d+de hw+at is ure weor+dscipe on +dissum eor+dlicum lichoman
buton +d+at we sint gesceapene +after +d+are 
biesene ures Scippendes?
<R 36.249.18>
& hw+at is elles se w+alhreowa buton +da aworpnan englas, +de
hie selfe mid hiera ofermettum on dea+des
wite gebrohton?
<R 36.249.19>
& on +done ilcan dea+d hie wilnia+d eal moncynn to forspananne
& to forl+adanne.
<R 36.249.21>
Hw+at tacna+d +donne +d+at word elles +d+at mon [{ne{] selle
his weor+dscipe fremdum menn buton +d+atte se +de to
Godes bisene gesceapen is, +donne he +da tid his lifes on
gewil +dara awierdena g+asta gehwierf+d;
<R 36.249.24>
& his gear gesele+d w+alhreowum, se se +de in yfelra &
wi+derweardra onwald forl+at +da hwile his 
lifes?
<R 36.249.25>
Ond eac cu+a+d Salomonn +d+at 
<P 251>
fremde ne scolden beon gefyllede
ures m+agenes, & ure gesuinc ne scolde 
beon on o+dres monnes anwalde.
<R 36.251.2>
Sua hwa +donne sua on +disse worulde h+af+d fulle h+ale his
lichoman, & nyle wisdomes & cr+aftes on his
mode tiligan, ac suince+d on +d+an +d+at he leornige un+deawas
& fremme, ne fyl+d se no his agen hus godra
cr+afta, ac fremdra hus he fyl+d, +d+at sint uncl+ane
g+astas.
<R 36.251.6>
Wiotodlice +da +de hira lif on firenluste & on ofermodnesse
geendiga+d, ne gefylla+d hie godra rim, ac
awiergedra g+asta.
<R 36.251.8>
+donne is +after +d+am gecueden +d+at he sargige +at niehstan,
+donne his lichoma & his fl+asc sie 
gebrosnod, for+d+am oft sio h+alo +d+as lichoman on un+deawas 
wier+d gecierred, ac +donne he +d+are h+alo benumen 
wier+d mid monigfaldum sare +d+as modes & +d+as fl+asces, se
lichoma +donne wier+d gedrefed, for+d+am sio saul,
+donne hio hire un+donces geb+add wier+d +d+at yfel to
forl+atanne +d+at hio +ar longe on woh hire agnes 
+donces gedyde, sec+d +donne +da forlorenan h+alo, & wilna+d
+d+are, suelce he +donne wel & nytwyr+dlice libban
wolde, gif he for+d moste.
<R 36.251.16>
Murcna+d +donne for+dy +d+at he Gode nolde +diowigan +da hwile
+de he meahte, for+don he +donne +done demm his
giemelieste mid nanum gesuince gebetan ne m+ag, buton him
+durh his hreowsung & +durh Godes miltse 
geholpen weor+de.
<R 36.251.19>
For+d+am cu+a+d se sealmscop: +donne God hie slog, +donne
sohton hie hine.
<R 36.251.20>
Ongean +d+at sint to manianne +da mettruman +d+at hie ongieten
& gefreden +d+at hie sua micle ma beo+d 
Godes bearn, & he hie sua micle ma lufa+d sua he hie sui+dur
mana+d & suing+d, for+d+am, gif he +d+am 
gehiersuman mannum n+afde geteohchad his e+del to sellanne, 
hwie wolde he hie mid +anegum unget+asum l+aran?
<R 36.251.25>
For+d+am cu+a+d Dryhten to Iohanne +dam godspellere +durh his
engel, 
<P 253>
he cu+a+d: Ic +dreage & suinge +da +de ic lufige.
<R 36.253.1>
For+d+am eac cu+a+d Salomonn: Sunu min, ne agiemeleasa +du
Godes suingan, ne +du ne beo werig for his 
+dreaunge, for+d+am+de God lufa+d +done +de he +drea+d, &
suinge+d +alc bearn +de he underfon wile.
<R 36.253.4>
Be +dam ilcan se salmscop cu+a+d: Sui+de monigfalde sint
ryhtwisra monna earfo+du.
<R 36.253.5>
Be +d+am eac se eadega Iob cw+a+d on his earfe+dum, &
geomriende cliopode to Dryhtne, & cu+a+d: Gif ic 
ryhtwis w+as, ne ahof ic me no for+dy, & +deah ic eom gefylled
mid broce & mid ierm+dum.
<R 36.253.8>
Eac is to cy+danne +d+am mettrumum, gif hie willen geliefan
+d+atte Godes rice hiera sie, +d+at hie 
+donne her on worulde +doligen earfe+du +d+am timum +de hie
+dyrfen, sua sua mon sceal on el+diode.
<R 36.253.11>
Be +dys ilcan is gecueden on kyninga bocum, sua sua hit
geworden w+as, & eac us to bisene.
<R 36.253.12>
Hit is gecueden +d+atte +da stanas on +d+am m+aran temple
Salomonnes w+aron sua wel gefegede & sua emne 
gesnidene & gesme+dde, +ar hie mon to +d+am stede brohte +de
hie on standan scoldon, +d+atte hie mon eft 
si+d+dan on +d+are halgan stowe sua tosomne gesette +d+at +d+ar
nan monn ne gehierde ne +axe hlem ne bietles sueg.
<R 36.253.17>
+d+at +donne tacna+d us +d+atte we scylen beon on +disse
+al+deodignesse utane beheawene mid suingellan, to
+d+am +d+at we eft sien geteald & gefeged to +d+am
gefogstanum on +d+are Godes ceastre butan +d+am hiewete 
+alcre suingean, +d+atte sua hw+at sua nu on us unnytes sie,
+d+atte +d+at aceorfe sio suingelle from us, 
sua +d+atte si+d+dan an sibb Godes lufe butan +alcum ungerade 
us sui+de f+aste gebinde & gefege tosomne.
<R 36.253.23>
+donne sint eac to manianne +da unhalan +d+at hie ge+dencen
mid hu monigfaldum unget+asum & mid hu 
heardum brocum us swinga+d & +dreaga+d ure worldcunde f+adras 
<P 255>
& hlafordas, for+d+am +de hie wilnia+d +d+at we him
ge+dw+are sien, & eac hira irfes wier+de sien, & hie us +de
bli+dran beon m+agen.
<R 36.255.2>
Ac hwelc wite sceal us +donne to hefig +dyncan +d+are
godcundan +dreaunga wi+d +d+am +de we m+agen geearnian
+done hefonlican e+del +de n+afre to lore ne weor+de+d, &
for+d+am +d+at we m+agen forbugan +d+at wite +d+at 
n+afre ne wier+d geendod?
<R 36.255.6>
For+d+am cu+a+d sanctus Paulus: Ure fl+asclican f+adras
l+ardon us, & we hie ondredon;
<R 36.255.7>
hie +dreadon us, & we weor+dodon hie.
<R 36.255.8>
Hu micle sui+dor sculon we +donne beon gehiersume +d+am +de
ure g+asta F+ader bi+d wi+d +d+am +d+at we moten 
libban on ecnesse.
<R 36.255.9>
Ure fl+asclican f+adras us l+ardon to +d+am +de hira willa
w+as, ac +d+at w+as to sui+de scortre hwile, 
for+d+am+de +dios woruld is sui+de l+anu, ac se g+as+dlica 
F+ader he us l+ar+d nytwyr+dlicu +ding to underfonne, +d+at
is +d+at we [{geearnigen{] +d+at ece lif.
<R 36.255.13>
Eac sint to manianne +da mettruman +d+at hie ge+dencen hu
micel h+alo +d+at bi+d +d+are heortan +d+at se 
lichoma sie medtrum, for+d+am sio medtrymnes +d+at mod 
gehwierf+d gehwelces monnes hine selfne to 
ongietanne, & +d+at gode mod +de sio h+alo ful oft aweg 
adrief+d +d+at gemynd +d+are medtrymnesse geedniewa+d, +d+atte
+d+at mod +de ofer his m+a+d bi+d upah+afen gemyne of +d+am
suingum +de +d+at fl+asc +dola+d to hw+am eal monncynn 
gesceapen is.
<R 36.255.19>
+d+at w+are sui+de ryhte getacnod +durh Balaham on +d+are
lettinge his f+areltes, gif he mid his 
hiersumnesse Godes stemne & his gebodum fullice folgian wolde,
& on his willan fore.
<R 36.255.22>
Baloham +donne fulgeorne feran wolde +d+ar hine mon b+ad, ac
his estfulnesse witteah se esol +de he 
onuppan s+at.
<R 36.255.23>
+d+at w+as for+d+am+de se assa geseah +done engel ongean hine
standan, & him +d+as f+areltes forwiernan, 
+done +de +d+at [{mennisce{] mod geseon ne meahte.
<P 257>
<R 36.257.1>
Sua eac, +donne +d+at fl+asc bi+d gelett mid sumum broce, hit
getacna+d +d+am mode for +d+are suingan hw+at 
Godes willa bi+d, +done illcan willan +de +d+at mod hwilum
ongietan m+ag +de ofer +d+am fl+asce sitt, & his 
wealdan sceolde, for+d+am +d+at fl+asc oft l+att +da
geornfulnesse & +done willan +d+as +diondan modes her on 
worulde.
<R 36.257.5>
Sua mon oft lett fundigendne monnan, & his f+arelt g+al+d, sua
g+al+d se lichoma +d+at mod, o+d+d+at he 
gebrocad wier+d mid sumre mettrymnesse, & +donne +durh +da
mettrymnesse getacna+d se lichoma +d+am mode +done 
ungesewenan engel +de him togenes stent, & him wiern+d his
unnyttan f+arelta +durh +d+as lichoma 
mettrymnesse.
<R 36.257.10>
Be +d+am cw+a+d sanctus Petrus sui+de ryhtlice: +d+at dumbe &
+d+at geh+afte neat +dreade +done witgan for his
yfelan willan, +da hit cleopode sua sua monn, & mid +dy
gestierde +d+am witgan his unryhtre & dyslicre wilnunga.
<R 36.257.13>
+donne +drea+d +d+at dumbe neat +done unwisan monn, +donne
+d+at gebrocode fl+asc gel+ar+d +d+at upah+afene mod 
to ryhttre & to nyttwyr+dre ea+dmodnesse.
<R 36.257.15>
For+d+am ne meahte Balaham geearnian +da Godes giefe +de he
biddende w+as, +da he Israhela folc wirgean 
wolde & for hine selfne gebiddan;
<R 36.257.17>
for+d+am he wear+d untyg+da +de he hwierfde his stemne nales
his mod: +d+at w+as +d+at he spr+ac o+der, o+der
+d+at he sprecan wolde.
<R 36.257.19>
Eac sint +da seocan to monianne +d+at hie ongieten hu micel
Godes giefu him bi+d +d+as fl+asces gesuinc,
for+d+am+de hit +ag+der ge +da gedonan synna aweg a+dwieh+d,
ge hine eac +dara gelett +de he don wolde, gif 
he meahte, for+d+am [{+donne{] he bi+d gesargod on +d+as
lichoman wundum, +donne gewyrcea+d +da wunda on +d+am 
gebrocodan mode hreowsunge wunda.
<R 36.257.24>
Bi +d+am is eac awriten on Salomonnes cuidbocum +d+at sio wund
wolde 
<P 259>
halian, +after+d+am+de heo wyrmsde.
<R 36.259.1>
+donne aflew+d +d+at sar of +d+are wunde mid +dy wormse,
+donne +d+at sar +d+are suingellan +dissa woruldbroca 
a+dwieh+d +ag+der ge +da ge+dohtan synna ge +da gedonan of
+d+are saule.
<R 36.259.4>
Eac cu+a+d Salomon +d+atte +d+at illce beo bi +d+am wundum +de
beo+d oninnan +d+are wambe.
<R 36.259.5>
+d+are wambe nama getacna+d +d+at mod, for+d+am sua sua sio
wamb gemielt +done mete, sua gemielt +d+at mod 
mid +d+are gescadwisnesse his ge+deahtes his sorga.
<R 36.259.7>
Of Salomonnes cuidum we namon +d+atte +d+are wambe nama scolde
tacnian +d+at mod, +da +da he cu+a+d: +d+as 
monnes lif bi+d Godes leohtf+at;
<R 36.259.9>
+d+at Godes leohtf+at gindsec+d & gindlieht ealle +da
diogolnesse +d+are wambe.
<R 36.259.11>
Suelce he cu+ade: +ares+d he hiene onlieht mid his leohtf+ate,
+donne he hiene gelieff+as+d, & eft he hine
onlieht, +donne he hiene on+al+d mid +d+am tapure +d+as
[{godcundan{] lieges.
<R 36.259.13>
+d+at bi+d +donne, +donne he de+d +d+at he ongiet his agne
unnytte +deawas & ge+dohtas +de wen is +d+at he +ar 
h+afde, +deah he hit ge+dencean ne meahte.
<R 36.259.15>
+d+at worms +donne +dara wunda +d+at is +d+at broc +d+as
lichoman, & +d+at sar innan +d+are wambe, +d+at tacna+d +da
sorge +d+as modes.
<R 36.259.17>
Sio sorg +donne asw+ap+d aweg +d+at yfel of +d+am mode.
<R 36.259.18>
+donne we beo+d butan +d+am mode on +d+am lichoman gesuencte,
+donne beo we suigende gemanode mid +d+are 
mettrymnesse ura synna to gemunanne, for+d+am+de +donne bi+d
broht beforan ures modes eagan eall +d+at we +ar
yfeles gedydon, for+d+am sua se lichoma sui+dur utan
+drowa+d, sua +d+at mod sui+dur innan hreowsa+d +d+as 
unnyttes +de he +ar dyde.
<R 36.259.23>
For+d+am gelimp+d +d+atte +durh +da openlican wunda & +durh
+d+at gesewene sar +d+as lichoman bi+d sui+de wel
a+dw+agen sio diegle wund +d+as modes, for+d+am sio diegle
wund 
<P 261>
+d+are hreowsunga h+al+d +da scyl+de +d+as won weorces.
<R 36.261.1>
Eac sint to manianne +da mettruman to +d+am +d+at hie
gehealden +da strenge +d+are ge+dylde.
<R 36.261.3>
Him is to secgeanne +d+at hie unablinnendlice ge+dencen hu
monig yfel ure Dryhten & ure Alisend 
ge+dolode mid +dam ilcan mannum +de he self gesceop, & hu fela
edwites & unnyttra worda he forb+ar, & hu 
manige hleorsl+ageas he underfeng +at +d+am +de hine bismredon.
<R 36.261.7>
Se ilca se +de +alce d+ag saula gereafa+d of +d+as ealdan
feondes honda, se ilca se +de us +dwieh+d mid +dy 
halwyndan w+atre, se na ne forbeag mid his nebbe +dara
triowleasena monna spatl, +donne hie him on 
+d+at nebb sp+atton.
<R 36.261.10>
Se ilca se us gefreo+d mid his forespr+ace from ecum witum, se
ilca suigende ge+dafode swingellan.
<R 36.261.11>
Se +de us sealde ece are betwuxn his engla geferscipe, he
ge+dafode +d+at hine mon mid fyste slog.
<R 36.261.13>
Se +de us geh+ale+d from +d+am stice urra synna, he ge+dafode
+d+at him mon sette +dyrnenne beag on +d+at heafud.
<R 36.261.14>
Se +de us oferdrenc+d mid +d+as ecan lifes li+de, he
gefandode geallan biternesse, +da hine +dyrstte.
<R 36.261.16>
Se +de for us geb+ad to his F+ader, +deah he him emnmiehtig
sie on his godhade, +da +da him mon on bismer
to geb+ad, +da swugode he.
<R 36.261.18>
Se se +de deadum monnum lif gearuwa+d, & he self lif is, he
becom to dea+de.
<R 36.261.19>
Forhwy +donne sceal +anigum menn +dyncan to re+de o+d+de to
unie+de +d+at he Godes suingellan ge+dafige for 
his yfelum d+adum, nu God self sua fela yfeles ge+dafode, sua
sua we +ar cu+adon, for monncynne?
<R 36.261.22>
Hwa sceal +donne, +dara +de hal & good andgiet h+abbe, Gode
un+doncfull beon, for+d+am, +deah he hine for
his synnum suinge, nu se ne for butan suingellan of +dys
middangearde se +de butan +alcre synne w+as & giet is?
<P 263>
<R 37.263.1>
[}+D+ATTE ON O+DRE WISAN SINT TO MANIENNE +DA +DE HIM
ONDR+ADA+D GODES SWINGELLAN O+D+DE MONNA, & FOR+DY 
FORL+ATA+D +D+AT HIE YFEL NE DO+D;
<R 37.263.3>
ON O+DRE WISAN +DA +DE BEO+D SWA AHEARDODE ON UNRYHTWISNESSE
+D+AT HI MON NE M+AG MID NANRE +DREAUNGE 
GE+DREATIAN.}]
<R 37.263.6>
On o+dre wisan sint to monianne +da +de him suingellan
ondr+ada+d, & for+d+am unscea+dfullice libba+d;
<R 37.263.7>
& on o+dre wisan sint to manianne +da +de on hiera
unryhtwisnessum sua aheardode beo+d +d+at hie mon mid
nanre swingellan gebetan ne m+ag.
<R 37.263.9>
+d+at is to cy+danne +de him swingellan ondr+ada+d +d+at hie
+dissa eor+dlicena goda to sui+de ne gietsien, 
+deah hie geseon +d+at +da yfelan hie h+abben ongemong him,
for+d+am hie sint +ag+drum gem+ane ge yfelum monnum
ge godum;
<R 37.263.12>
& ne fleon eac +dis andwearde yfel, suelce hie hit adriogan ne
m+agen, for+don+de hit oft gode menn her
on worlde dreoga+d.
<R 37.263.14>
Eac hie sint to monianne, gif hie geornlice wilnigen +d+at
him yfel +ding losie, +donne beo him sui+de
egefull +d+at ece wite;
<R 37.263.16>
nalles +deah sua egeful +d+at hie ealneg +durhwunigen on +d+am
ege, ac mid +dam fostre +d+are Godes lufan 
hie sculon uparisan & weaxan a ma & ma to lufigeanne +da
godcundan weorc.
<R 37.263.19>
For+d+am Iohannis se godspellere cw+a+d on his +arendgewrite,
ic cw+a+d: Sio fulfremede Godes lufu 
adrife+d aweg +done ege.
<R 37.263.20>
& eft cw+a+d sanctus Paulus: Ne underfengon ge no +done Gast
+at +d+am fulluhte to +deowigeanne for ege,
ac ge hine underfengon to +d+am +d+at ge Gode geagenudu bearn
beon scielen, for+dy we cliepia+d to Gode,
& cwe+da+d, F+ader, F+ader.
<R 37.263.24>
For+d+am cwi+d eft eac se ilca lariow: +d+ar se 
Dryhtnes gast 
<P 265>
is, +d+ar is freodoom.
<R 37.265.1>
Gif +donne hwelc mon forbire+d his synna for +d+am ege anum
+d+as wites, +donne nafa+d +d+as ondr+adendan 
monnes mod nanne gastes freodom, for+d+am, gif he hit for +d+as
wites ege ne forlete, butan tweon he 
fulfremede +da synne.
<R 37.265.4>
+donne nat +d+at mod +d+at him bi+d freodom forgiefen, +donne
hit bi+d gebunden mid +d+as +deowutes ege.
<R 37.265.6>
+deah monn nu good onginne for sumes wites ege, hit mon sceal
+deah geendigean for sumes godes lufum.
<R 37.265.7>
Se +de for +d+am anum god de+d +d+at he sumre +dreaunge yfel
him ondr+att, se wilna+d +d+atte nan +ding ne sie
+de he him ondr+adan +dyrfe, +d+at he +dy orsorglicor dyrre
don unnyttlicu +ding & unalifedu.
<R 37.265.10>
+donne bi+d sui+de sweotol +d+atte him +donne losa+d beforan
Gode his ryhtwisnes, +donne he +durh his agene
geornfulnesse gesynga+d unniedenga, +donne bi+d sui+de
sueotul +d+at he +d+at good na ne dyde +d+ar he hit 
for +d+am ege dorste forl+atan.
<R 37.265.14>
Ongean +d+at +donne sint to monianne +da menn +de suingellan
ne magon forwiernan ne na gelettan hiera unryhtwisnesse.
<R 37.265.15>
Hie beo+d to +dreageanne & to swinganne mid swa micle maran
wite sua hie ungefredelicor beo+d aheardode on hiera un+deawum.
<R 37.265.17>
Oft eac +da swelcan monn sceal forsion mid eallum
forsewennessum, & unweor+dian mid +alcre 
unweor+dnesse, for+d+am +d+atte sio forsewennes him ege & 
ondrysnu on gebringe, & eft +after +d+am +d+at hiene sio 
godcunde manung on wege gebringe, & hine to hyhte gehwierfe.
<R 37.265.21>
+donne sint eac +d+am ilcan monnum sui+de +dearllice to
recceanne +da godcundan cwidas, +d+at hie bi +dam 
oncnaw+an, +donne hie ge+dencen +done ecean dom, to hw+am hiera
agen wise wir+d.
<R 37.265.24>
Eac hie sculon gehieran +d+at on him bi+d gefylled Salomonnes
cwide +de he cw+a+d, he cw+a+d: +deah +du 
portige +done dysegan 
<P 267>
on pilan, swa mon corn de+d mid piilst+afe,
ne meaht +du his dysi him from adrifan.
<R 37.267.2>
+d+at ilce sarette se witga, +da +da he cw+a+d: +du hie
tobr+ace, & +deah hie noldon underfon +dine lare.
<R 37.267.3>
Eft bi +d+am ilcan cw+a+d Dryhten: Ic ofslog +dis folc, & to
forlore gedyde, & hie hie +deah noldon 
onwendan from hiera woom wegum, +d+at is, from hiera yfelum
weorcum.
<R 37.267.6>
Bi +d+am ilcan eft cw+a+d se witga: +dis folc nis no gewend to
+d+am +de hie swing+d.
<R 37.267.7>
Ymb +d+at ilce sargode se witga, sua sua god lareow de+d,
+donne he his gingran suing+d, gif hit him 
nauht ne forstent.
<R 37.267.9>
Be +d+am cw+a+d se witga: We lacnodon Babylon, & hio +deah ne
wear+d geh+aled.
<R 37.267.10>
+donne bi+d Babylon gelacnad, nales +deah fullice geh+aled,
+donne +d+as monnes mod for his unryhtum 
willan & for his won weorcum gehier+d sceamlice +dreaunga, &
sceandlice suingellan underfeh+d, & 
+deahhw+a+dre oferhyg+d +d+at he gecierre to bettran.
<R 37.267.13>
+d+at ilce eac Dryhten o+dwat Israhela folce, +da hie w+aron
gehergeode & of hiera earde al+adde, & 
swa+deah noldon gesuican hiera yfelena weorca, ne hie noldon
awendan of hiera won wegum;
<R 37.267.16>
+da cw+a+d Dryhten: +diss Israhela folc is geworden nu me to
sindrum & to are & to tine & to iserne & 
to leade inne on minum ofne.
<R 37.267.18>
Suelce he openlice cw+ade: Ic hie wolde gecl+ansian mid +d+am
gesode +d+as broces, & wolde +d+at hie wurden
to golde & to seolufre, ac hie wurdon gehwierfde inne on
+dam ofne to are & to tine & to isene & 
to leade, for+d+am+de hie noldon on +d+am gesuincium hie selfe
gecirran to nyttum +dingum, ac +durhwunedon
on hiera un+deawum.
<R 37.267.23>
Witodlice +d+at ar, +donne hit mon slih+d, hit bi+d hludre
+donne +anig o+der ondweorc.
<R 37.267.24>
Sua bi+d +d+am +de 
<P 269>
sui+de gnorna+d on +d+are godcundan
suingellan, he bi+d on middum +d+am ofne gecirred to are.
<R 37.269.2>
+d+at tin +donne, +donne hit mon mid sumum cr+afte gemeng+d, &
to tine gewyrc+d, +donne bi+d hit swi+de 
leaslice on siolufres hiewe.
<R 37.269.4>
Sua hwa +donne sua licet on +d+are swingellan, he bi+d +d+am
tine gelic inne on +d+am ofne.
<R 37.269.5>
Se bi+d +donne +d+am isene gelic inne on +d+am ofne, se +de
for +d+are suingellan nyle his +dweorscipe 
forl+atan, ac ofan his nihstan his lifes.
<R 37.269.7>
+d+at lead +donne is hefigre +donne +anig o+der andweorc.
<R 37.269.8>
For+dy bi+d inne on +d+am ofne geworden to leade se se +de sua
bi+d ge+drysced mid +d+are hefignesse his 
synna +d+at he fur+dum on +d+am broce nyle al+atan his
geornfulnesse & +das eor+dlican wilnunga.
<R 37.269.11>
Bi +d+am ilcan is eft awriten: +d+ar w+as sui+de sui+dlic
gesuinc, & +d+ar w+as micel swat agoten, & +deah ne
meahte monn him of animan +done miclan rust, ne fur+dum mid
fyre ne meahte hiene mon aweg adon.
<R 37.269.14>
He us stiere+d mid fyres broce, for+d+am+de he wolde from us
adon +done rust urra un+deawa, ac we +deah 
for +d+am broce +d+as fyres nylla+d al+atan from us +d+at rust
+dara unnyttra weorca, +donne we on +d+are 
suingellan nylla+d gebetan ure un+deawas.
<R 37.269.18>
Be +d+am cw+a+d eft se witga: Idel w+as se blawere, for+don
hiera awiergdan weorc ne wurdon from him 
asyndred.
<R 37.269.19>
Eac is to witanne +d+atte oft +d+am bi+d gestiered mid
man+dw+arlicre manunga, +d+am +de monn mid heardre 
suingellan gecirran ne m+ag, & +da +de ne magon +drouunga
gestieran yfelra weorca, eft hie hie forl+ata+d 
for li+delicre olicunga, sua sua +da seocan, +da +de mon oft ne
m+ag gelacnian mid +d+am drencium strangra
wyrta gemanges, +da ful oft beo+d mid wlacum watre gelacnode,
& on +d+are ilcan h+alo gebrohte +de hie +ar
<P 271>
h+afdon.
<R 37.271.1>
Sua beo+d eac ful oft +da wunda mid ele geh+alda, +da +de mon
mid gesnide gebetan ne meahte.
<R 37.271.2>
& eac se hearda stan, se +de a+damans hatte, +done mon mid
nane isene ceorfan ne m+ag, gif his mon 
onhrin+d mid buccan blode, he hnesca+d ongean +d+at li+de blod
to +d+am sui+de +d+at hine se cr+aftega wyrcean m+ag
to +d+am +de he wile.

<S SAMPLE 3>
[^B9.1.3D^]
<P 387>
<R 50.387.5>
On o+dre wisan sint to manianne +da +de eall orsorglice
begita+d +disse worulde, +d+at +d+at hie wilnia+d;
<R 50.387.6>
on o+dre wisan +da +de +disses andweardan middangeardes wilna
& welena wilnia+d, & swa+deah mid sumum 
wi+derweardum brocum hiora him bi+d f+arwirned.
<R 50.387.8>
+da +donne sint to manienne +de simle habba+d +disse worulde
+d+at +d+at hie wilnia+d +d+at hie ne 
agiemeleasien, +donne hi hit eall h+abben, +d+at hie ne secen 
+done +de him to eallum gefultema+d, +dyl+as hie lufigen
+das el+diodignesse ofer hiora +agenne e+del, & hiora mod eal
ahon on +d+at +de him her gel+aned bi+d, & 
+dyl+as hie gedwelle sio gehydnes & +da get+asu +de hie on 
+d+am wege habba+d, +d+at hie forgieten hwider hie 
scylen, & +dyl+as hie for +d+am f+ageran monan +de hi on niht
gesio+d forhycgen +d+as d+ages bierhto & +d+are sunnan.
<R 50.387.16>
Eac hi sint to monienne +d+atte hie no ne geliefen +d+atte +da
willan & +da get+asu +de him on +disse 
worulde becuma+d, +d+atte +d+at sien +da lean +de him God 
getiohchod h+af+d, ac bi+d +dissa ierm+da frofor, & +da lean
bio+d on +d+am ecean life +d+as +de we to gode do+d.
<R 50.387.19>
For+dy we sculon ure mod getrymman wi+d +disses middangeardes
oliecunga, +dyl+as we hie mid ealle mode
lufigen, & us mid ealle hiere under+dieden.
<R 50.387.21>
Ac se se +de +das orsorgnesse +de he her h+af+d ne forswi+d
mid +d+are gesceadwisnesse his inge+donces & 
mid +d+are lufan +d+as beteran lifes, +donne [{gehwierf+d{] he
+da olecunga +disse gewitendan worulde him to ecum dea+de.
<R 50.387.25>
For +dissum +dingum w+as +d+atte Ezechiel se witga +dreade
Israhela folc, & cw+a+d +d+at hie wolden weor+dan 
forlorene & oferwunnene mid orsorgnesse, swa swa Idumeas
w+aron, for+d+am hi to swi+de bli+dsodon on 
+disses middangeardes orsorgnesse.
<R 50.387.28>
Ac Dryhten hie +dreade +durh +done witgan, +da he cw+a+d: Hie
dydon min land him selfum to ierfelonde 
mid gefean & mid ealre heortan & mid ealle mode.
<R 50.387.31>
Be +d+am wordum we m+agon gehieran +d+at hie w+aron swi+de
sui+dlice get+alde, n+as no for+d+am+de hie 
f+agnodan, ac for+d+am+de hie mid ealre heortan & mid ealle 
mode f+agnodan.
<R 50.387.33>
Be +d+am cw+a+d Salomon: Giongra monna dolscipe hi ofslih+d, &
dysigra monna orsorgness hi forde+d.
<R 50.387.35>
Be +d+am ilcan cw+a+d sanctus Paulus: Sien +da h+abbendan
<P 389>
swelce hie nowiht h+abben, & +da +de +disses 
middangeardes notiga+d swelce hi his no ne notigen.
<R 50.389.2>
+d+atte we swa lufigen +disne uterran & +disne eor+dlican
fultum +d+atte we for+d+am from +d+are wilnunga & 
from +d+are geornfulnesse +d+are godcundan lufan ure mod ne
awenden, +dyl+as us weor+de to wope & to 
el+diodignesse +d+as ecean lifes +d+at +d+at us on +disse
el+diodignesse to fultume & to are gel+aned is;
<R 50.389.6>
+d+atte we ne f+agnigen, swelce we ges+alige sien for +dissum
gewitendan +dingum, +donne +donne we betweox
+d+am ongieten hu earme we bio+d +dara ecena +dinga.
<R 50.389.9>
Be +dissum ilcan cw+a+d Salomon on (\Cantica Canticorum\)
+d+are bec be +d+are halgan gesomnunge, he cw+a+d: 
Dryhtnes winestre hand is under minum heafde, & his swi+dre 
hand me beclip+d.
<R 50.389.11>
Sio winestre hand Godes he cw+a+d w+are under his heafde.
<R 50.389.12>
+d+at tacna+d orsorgnesse +disses andweardan lifes.
<R 50.389.13>
+da hand +donne ge+dryc+d sio incunde lufu +d+as uplican
lifes.
<R 50.389.14>
Sio swi+dre hand hine +donne beclip+d, +donne [{+donne{] he
hine gehielt on +d+am willan +d+at he mid ealre 
estfulnesse lufa+d +d+at ece lif.
<R 50.389.16>
Eft w+as gecueden +durh Salomon +done snottran +d+atte on his
swi+dran handa w+are lang lif, & on his 
winestran w+are wela & wyr+dmynt.
<R 50.389.18>
+da he l+arde hu we +ag+der lufian sceolden, +da he m+at +done
welan & +done wyr+dmynd to +d+are winestran handa.
<R 50.389.19>
Eft be +d+am ilcan cw+a+d se psalmsceop: Geh+ale me +din sio
swi+dre.
<R 50.389.20>
Ne cw+a+d he no +din sio winestre hond, ac +din sio swi+dre.
<R 50.389.21>
Mid +d+am he [{gecy+dde{] +d+at he ne m+ande +dis andwearde
lif, ac +d+as ecean lifes h+alo he sohte.
<R 50.389.22>
Be +d+am ilcan is eft awriten on Exodo, +d+at is Moyses boc,
hit is awriten: +din swi+dre hand, Dryhten,
gebr+ac +dine feond.
<R 50.389.24>
+da +donne +de Godes fiond bio+d, +deah hi on +d+are winstran
handa bion ge+digene, hi beo+d mid +d+are 
swi+dran tobrocene, +d+at is +d+atte oft +dis andwearde lif
upahefe+d +da yfelan, ac se tocyme +d+are ecan 
eadignesse hie geni+dra+d.
<R 50.389.27>
+dy sint to manienne +da +de on +disse worulde orsorglice
libba+d, +d+at hie geornlice ongieten +d+atte sio
orsorgnes +disses andweardan lifes hwilum bi+d to +d+am
gel+aned +d+at hie sien +durh +da to beteran life 
getogene, hwilum to +d+am +d+at hie sien +dy swi+dur on
ecnesse gesciende.
<R 50.389.31>
Forhwam w+as elles Canonea land [{Israhela{] folce gehaten,
buton for+d+am+de +d+at ungetyde folc nolde 
geliefan +deah him mon feorr land on fierste gehete, gif him 
sona ne sealde sum on neaweste se him +d+at mare gehett?
<R 50.389.35>
Ond eac for+d+am +d+atte hie +dy f+as+dlicor & +dy
untweogendlicor gelifden +dara ecena +dinga, swa hwanne 
swa him +da gehete, +dyl+as 
<P 391>
hi mid +d+am gehatum & mid +d+am
tohopan anum hi spone to +d+are giefe, ac eac 
mid +d+are giefe he hi teah on +done tohopan.
<R 50.391.2>
+d+at eac gecy+dde se psalmsceop swi+de openlice, +da he
cw+a+d: He him sealde ricu o+derra kynrena, & 
manigra folca gestreones hie wieoldon, to +don +d+at hi his
ryhtwisnesse geheolden, & his +a sohten.
<R 50.391.5>
Ac +donne +d+at mennisce mod Godes gl+admodnesse mid godum
weorcum ne geandswora+d, +donne bi+d he swi+de 
ryhtlice mid +d+am gehined +de mon wen+d +d+at he mid gearod
sie.
<R 50.391.8>
Be +d+am w+as eft gecweden +durh +done salmsceop: +du hie
geni+drades, +da hi hi selfe upahofon.
<R 50.391.9>
Swa, +donne +donne unnyttan men +da godcundan gife nylla+d
leanian mid ryhtum weorcum, ac willa+d hi 
selfe her mid ealle fordon mid +d+are fortruwunga +d+as
toflowendan welan & orsorgnesse, & +donon +de hi 
utan bio+d ah+afene, +danon hie bio+d innan afeallene.
<R 50.391.13>
Be +dys ilcan w+as eac gecweden be +d+am welegan +de ges+ad
is +d+atte on [{helle{] +drowude, hit w+as 
gecweden: +du onfenge +din god eal her on worulde.
<R 50.391.15>
For+d+am anfeh+d se yfla auht goodes on +disse worulde +d+at
he eft +dy maran yfles on +d+am toweardan life,
gif he her nolde for +d+am goode to Gode gecierran.
<R 50.391.17>
Angean +d+at sint to manigenne +da +de +dises middangeardes
wilna & weolena wilnia+d, & him swa+deah sum
wi+derweardnes his forwiern+d, & hi geswenc+d on +disse
worulde, +da sint to manienne +d+at hie geornlice
ge+dencen mid hu micelre giefe ofer him waca+d se Scippend &
se Stihtere ealra gesceafta, +donne he hi
nyle l+atan to hiera agnum wilnungum;
<R 50.391.23>
swa swa se l+ace, +donne he +d+am siocan ne truwa+d, & wen+d
+d+at his gehelpan ne m+age, +donne [{alief+d{] he
him eal +d+at +d+at hine lys+d to donne & to +dycganne, ac
+d+as +de he wen+d +d+at he gehelpan m+age, +d+am he 
forwiern+d swi+de feola +d+as +de he wilna+d.
<R 50.391.27>
Hw+at we eac wierna+d urum cildum urra peninga mid to
plegianne, +d+am ilcum +de we eft tiochia+d urne 
eard & urne e+del & ure ierfe eall +atsomne to te forl+atanne,
& hie tiochia+d us to ierfeweardum to habbanne.
<R 50.391.30>
Ac nimen him nu be +disse bisene gefean & tohopan +d+are ecan
ierfeweardnesse, +da +de sio 
wi+derweardnes +disses andweardan lifes geea+dmet: ac gif hi 
God n+afde on ecnesse getiochod to geh+alanne, +donne ne
gebridlode he hi no mid swa swi+dlicre +dreaunga his lare.
<R 50.391.33>
Eac sint to manigenne +da +de +dissa hwilendlicra +dinga
wilnia+d, & him +deah sum broc & sumu 
wi+derweardnes hiera forwiern+d, +d+atte hie geornfullice 
ge+dencen +d+atte oft ryhtwise menn mid +dys hwilendlican
anwealde 
<P 393>
weor+da+d upah+afene, o+d hie +durh +done anwald
weor+da+d mid synnum gefangne, sua sua mid sume
grine, swa swa we +ar herbiufan s+adon on +disse ilcan bec bi
Dauide +d+am Godes dirlinge +d+at he w+are 
ryhtwisra +da +da he +deng w+as +donne he w+are si+d+dan he
kyning w+as.
<R 50.393.4>
+da +da he +degn w+as, he mette his feond, & +deah for Godes
ege & for ryhtwisnesse lufum he hine ne dorste ofslean.
<R 50.393.6>
Ac eft si+d+dan he kyning w+as, for lare & for tiehtinge his
agenes firenlustes he ofslog & besirede his getreowne +degn.
<R 50.393.8>
Hwa m+ag +donne +ahta o+d+de anwaldes o+d+de weor+dscipes
wilnian butan plio, nu se swelc plioh +d+aron 
gefor, se +de his no ne wilnode?
<R 50.393.10>
Hwa m+ag +donne for +dyllecum bion gehealden butan miclum
gesuince & miclum plio, nu se on +d+am rice on
swelce synne befioll, se +de God self to +d+am rice geceas?
<R 50.393.12>
Eac hie sint to manigenne +d+at hie ge+dencen hu hit awriten
is be Salamonne, hu he +after swa miclum
wisdome afioll, emne o+d+d+at he dioflum ongan gieldan.
<R 50.393.15>
Nis hit no ges+ad +d+at he +anig wuht wi+derweardes on +dys
middangearde h+afde, +ar+d+am+de he afeol;
<R 50.393.16>
ac si+d+dan him se wisdom to forl+aten w+as eallunga he forget
hine selfne & +da lare & +done +diodscipe
+de he geliornode, swa +d+at he his nan geswinc habban nolde
ne l+asse ne mare.
<R 51.393.20>
[}+D+ATTE ON O+DRE WISAN SINT TO MANIANNE +DA +DE BEO+D
GEBUNDNE MID SYNR+ADENNE, ON O+DRE WISAN +DA +DE FREO
BIO+D +DARA BENDA.}]
<R 51.393.22>
On o+dre wisan sint to manienne +da +de mid synnr+adenne bio+d
gebundene, on o+dre +da +de +dara benda bio+d frio.
<R 51.393.23>
+da sint to manigenne +de mid +d+am gebundene bio+d, +donne
+donne hie betwuh him +dencea+d hu hiera +ag+der
o+dres willan don scyle, +d+at hira swa tilige +ag+der o+drum
to licianne on hiera gesinscipe, +d+at hi ne
mislicien hiera Scippende;
<R 51.393.27>
& +d+at hie swa wyrcen +disses middangeardes weorc +d+at hie
ne forl+aten to wilnianne +dara +de Godes 
sien, & swa gefeon +dissa andweardena goda +d+at hi him eac
geornlice ondr+aden +da ecan yflu, & swa eac 
+dara yfela +disse worulde hiofen +d+at hi huru hiora tohopan
anwealgne gef+astnigen to +d+am ecum godum;
<R 51.393.31>
& +donne hie ongieten hu gewitendlic +dis andwearde bi+d
+d+at +d+at hie her do+d, & hu +durhwunienede +d+at
bi+d +d+at hi wilnia+d, +d+atte +donne naw+der ne nan yfel
+disses middangeardes hiora mod ne gebrece ne 
nan god hie ne beswice, ac se gefea +dara hefonlicena goda hi
gehierde wi+d +d+am 
<P 395>
brocum;
<R 51.395.1>
& eft se wena +dara toweardena yfela on +d+am toweardan dome
hie geegesige on +d+are orsorgnesse;
<R 51.395.2>
for+d+am +d+at mod +dara cristenra gesamhiwena, +d+atte bi+d
+ag+der ge trum ge untrum & ne m+ag fullice 
forsion +das hwilendlican +ding, he m+ag +deah hine formengan 
to +d+am ecum mid his willan, +deah he +donne 
giet on +d+as fl+asces lustfulnesse licge, mid +d+am +d+at he
hine getrymige & gefylle mid +d+am uplican tohopan.
<R 51.395.7>
Ond +deah he h+abbe hw+at eor+dlices & mennisclices him on
gewunan on +dys wege se weg is +dis andwearde
lif ne forl+ate he +deah +done tohopan +d+at he becume [{to{]
Gode for his godan willan, & swa+deah ne 
fulga he eallunga +d+as lichoman wilnunga, +dyl+as he eallunga
afealle +donon +de he f+as+dlicost tohopian scolde.
<R 51.395.11>
Ymb +d+at reahte Paulus swi+de wel mid feaum wordum on his
+arendgewrite to Corinctheum, he cu+a+d: +da +de
wif h+abben, sien +da swelce hie nan h+abben, & +da +de
wepen, sien +da swelce hi no ne wepen, & +da +de
f+agnigen, sien +da swelce hi no ne f+agnigen.
<R 51.395.15>
Se +donne h+af+d wif swelce he nan n+abbe, se +de hit h+af+d
for licumlicre frofre, & +deah for +d+am bryce &
for +d+are lufe hine ne awent from bettrum weorcum.
<R 51.395.17>
Se h+af+d eac wif swelce he nan n+abbe, se +de ongiet +d+atte
eal +das andweardan +ding bio+d gewitendlicu,
& +deah for nied+dearfe h+af+d giemenne his fl+asces, &
hw+a+dre mid micelre wilnunga his g+astes giern+d 
+d+as ecan gefean.
<R 51.395.20>
+d+at is +donne +d+at mon wepe, & ne wepe, +d+at mon +da
ierm+do +disses middangeardes wepe, & swa+deah wite 
+d+at he sceal bion [{afrefred{] , & blissian on +d+am ecum
gefean.
<R 51.395.23>
& eft is +d+at mon blissige & ne blissige +d+at mon ahebbe his
mod of +dissum eor+dlican to +d+am 
hefonlican, & +deah ne forl+ate +d+at he him ne ondr+ade +d+at
he afealle of +d+am uplican to +d+am ni+derlican.
<R 51.395.25>
Ymb +d+at swi+de wel +d+arryhte +after rehte sanctus Paulus,
+da he cw+a+d: +dyses middangeardes ansien oferg+a+d.
<R 51.395.27>
Swelce he openlice cw+ade: Ne sculon ge no eallunga to swi+de
lufian +disne middangeard, for+dam, +deah
ge hine lufigen, he eow ne m+ag ealneg standan;
<R 51.395.29>
on idelnisse ge f+astnia+d eower mod on him, for+d+am+de he
eow flih+d, +deah ge hine lufigen swelce he 
wunigende sie.
<R 51.395.31>
To manigenne sint +da gesomhiwan, +deah hira hw+a+drum
hw+athwugu hwilum mislicige on o+drum, +d+at hie +d+at
ge+dyldelice forberen;
<R 51.395.33>
& gebidde hira +ag+der for o+der +d+at hie m+agen +durh +d+at
weor+dan geh+alede, for+d+am hit awriten is: 
Bera+d eowre byr+denna gem+anelice betwux iow, +donne gefylle 
ge Godes +a.
<R 51.395.35>
Sio lufu +donne is Godes +a: sio +a & sio lufu us brienga+d
monig [{god{] 
<P 397>
from Criste, & ure yfelu ge+dyldelice forbier+d.
<R 51.397.1>
Ac +donne we onhyriga+d Criste, & eac +da onhyringe gefylla+d,
+donne we lustlice sella+d o+drum +d+at +d+at
us God sel+d, & ge+dyldelice forbera+d hiora yfelu.
<R 51.397.3>
+da gesinhiwan mon sceal manian, & eac gehwelcne mon, +d+at
hie no l+as ne ne ge+dencen hw+at o+dre men 
him forbera+d & ge+dafia+d, +donne hie ge+dencea+d hw+at hi
o+drum monnum forbera+d;
<R 51.397.6>
for+d+am+de he m+ag micle +dy ie+d adreogan +da tionan +de him
o+dre men do+d, gif he wile gemunan +da +de he
o+drum monnum de+d.
<R 51.397.8>
Eac sint to manigenne +da gesinhiwan +d+at hi gemunen +d+at
hie for nanum o+drum +dingum ne bio+d 
gesomnode, buton for+d+am +d+at hie sculon bearna strienan.
<R 51.397.10>
For+d+am hi sculon ge+dencean, gif hie to oftr+adlice & to
ungemetlice hie gemenga+d on +d+am h+amede, +d+at
hie ne bio+d no on ryhtum gesinscipe, gif hie +d+at on gewunan
habba+d, ac for+d+am+de hie gewemma+d +done
aliefedan gesinscipe mid +d+are unliefedan gemengnesse, him
is micel [{nied+dearf{] +d+at hie mid 
oftr+adlicum gebedum +da scylde adiligien.
<R 51.397.15>
For+d+am w+as +d+at se getyda l+ace +d+as hefonlican
l+acedomes, +d+at w+as sanctus Paulus, +ag+der ge +da halan 
l+arde ge +dam unhalum l+acedom eowde, +da he cw+a+d: God bi+d
men +d+at he sie butan wife.
<R 51.397.18>
& eft he cw+a+d: God bi+d mannum +d+at +alc h+abbe his agen
wif, & +alc wif hire ceorl, +dyl+as hi on unryht h+amen.
<R 51.397.19>
+ag+der he dyde, ge he egesode +da +de on unryht h+amdon, ge
he liefde +d+am +de hit forberan ne meahton, 
for+d+am +d+atte +da +de gestondan ne meahton, gif hi afeallan
scolden, +d+at hi afeollen on +d+at hnesce bedd
+d+as gesinscipes, n+as on +da heardan eor+dan +d+as
unryhth+amdes.
<R 51.397.23>
& eft he cw+a+d to +d+am untrumum: Agife se wer his wife hire
ryht on hira gesinscipe, & swa same +d+at wif +d+am were.
<R 51.397.25>
Ac +after+d+am+de he hwelcehwugu gerisenlice leafe dyde +d+am
gesinhiwon hira willan to fremmanne, he 
cw+a+d: Ne cwe+do ic no +d+at +d+at ic +ar cw+a+d bebeodende, 
ac l+arende & ge+dafigende.
<R 51.397.28>
+da he spr+ac gelicost +d+am +de hit hwelchwugu syn w+are,
+da he cw+a+d +d+at he hit forgiefan wolde & ge+dafian.
<R 51.397.30>
For+d+am bi+d sio scyld +dy hra+dor geh+aled, for+d+am+de hio
ne bi+d unliefedo, ac +deah hio aliefedu sie, ne
sceal hi mon to ungemetlice began.
<R 51.397.32>
+d+at us getacnode Loth swi+de wel on him selfum, +da he fleah
+da biernendan ceastre Sodoman, & com to
Segor, +da ne dorste he nawuht hr+adlice ut of +d+are
ceastre faran up on +da muntas.
<R 51.397.34>
Mid+d+am+de he fleah +da birnendan Sodoman, he getacnode +d+at
we sculon fleon +done unliefedan bryne ures lichoman.
<R 51.397.36>
Sio heanes +donne +dara munta getacna+d 
<P 399>
+da cl+annesse +d+are forh+afdnesse.
<R 51.399.1>
+da +donne bio+d swelce hi eardigen upp on +d+am munte +da
+de bio+d gesponnene to gesinscipe, & +deah ne
bio+d na gemengde buton +donne hi wilnia+d bearn to
gestrienanne.
<R 51.399.4>
+donne hie stonda+d up on +d+am munte, +donne +d+at fl+asc
nauht elles ne sec+d to +d+am o+drum buton tudor.
<R 51.399.5>
+d+at is +d+at mon stonde on +d+am munte +d+at +d+at fl+asc ne
sie fl+asclice to +d+am o+drum gef+as+dnod.
<R 51.399.7>
Ac monige bio+d +dara +de hie gehealda+d wi+d unryhth+amed, &
swa+deah his agenra ryhthiwena ne bryc+d swa
swa he mid ryhte sceolde.
<R 51.399.9>
Loth for ut of Sodoman to Segor, & +deah ne com he nauht
hra+de onuppan +d+am muntum.
<R 51.399.10>
Swa, +donne +donne mon forl+at +d+at wyrreste lif, & ne m+ag
+deah +donne git cuman to +d+am betstan, ne +da
forh+afdnesse gehealdan +d+as hean gesinscipes, +donne bi+d
+d+at swa swa Segor stod on midwege betweox 
+d+am muntum & +d+am merscum +de Sodoma on w+as.
<R 51.399.14>
Sio Segor geh+alde Loth fleondne.
Swa de+d sio Segor +d+as medemestan lifes: +da +de hire to
befleo+d hio geh+al+d.
<R 51.399.15>
Ac +donne +da gesinhiwan hi gemenga+d +durh ungemetlice
unforh+afdnesse, +d+ar +d+ar hi +done fiell fleo+d 
+d+are synne, +donne magon hie +deah weor+dan geh+alede sui+de
ie+delice +durh forgiefnesse & +durh gebedu, swa
swa Loth funde +da lytlan ceastre, & hine +d+aron wi+d +d+at
fyr gescilde.
<R 51.399.20>
+d+at lif +dara gesinhiwena, +deah hit ful wundorlic ne sie on
m+agenum weoruldwilnungum to 
wi+dstondanne, hit m+ag +deah bion orsorglic +alcra wita.
<R 51.399.22>
For+d+am cw+a+d Loth to +d+am engle: Her is an lytele burg
swi+de neah, +d+ar ic m+ag min feorh on generian.
<R 51.399.23>
Hio is an lytel, & +deah ic m+ag +d+aron libban.
<R 51.399.24>
He cw+a+d +d+at hio w+are swi+de neah, & +deah genog f+ast on
his h+alo.
<R 51.399.25>
Swa is +d+at lif +dara gesinhiwena.
<R 51.399.26>
Nis hit naht feor ascaden from +disse worulde, ne eac noht
fremde +d+are ecan h+alo, for+d+am for +d+are
d+ade +de hie do+d betwuh him hi beo+d gefri+dode mid
oftr+adlicum gebedum betwuh him, swelce hie sien on
sumere lytelre byrig belocene.
<R 51.399.29>
Be +d+am w+as swi+de ryhte gecweden +durh +done engel to
Lothe: +dinre bene ic wille nu onfon, & for +dinre
bede ic ne toweorpe +da burg +de +du foresprics+d.
<R 51.399.31>
Swa bi+d +d+at lif +dara gesinhiwena.
<R 51.399.32>
Ne bi+d hit no fordemed beforan Gode, gif +d+ar gebedo +after
fylgea+d.
<R 51.399.33>
Ymb +da illcan gebedo sanctus Paulus manode, & +dus cw+a+d: Ne
fornime incer no+der o+der ofer will butan
ge+dafunge, +d+am timum +de he hine wille gebiddan, ac
ge+amtigea+d inc to gebedum.
<R 51.399.36>
Ongean +d+at sint to manigenne +da +de ne beo+d gebundne 
<P 401>
mid +d+am gesinscipe, +da sint to manienne +d+at 
hie swa micle ryhtlecor +da hefonlican bebodo healden swa hie
orsorgran bio+d +disses middangeardes 
ymbhogena, for+d+am hie nan gespann +d+as fl+asclican 
gesinscipes ne gebiege+d on +disse worulde, ne se 
aliefeda gesinscipe hi ne gehefega+d.
<R 51.401.5>
+donne is him micel +dearf +d+atte sio unliefde byr+den +dissa
eor+dlicena sorga hi ne ge+drysce, +d+atte 
hie swa micle gearran finde se ytemesta d+ag, +donne he cume,
swa hi her +amtegran bio+d;
<R 51.401.7>
& +donne hi ge+ametgade bio+d +d+at hie magon bet don +donne
o+dre menn, & hit swa+deah agiemeleasia+d, +d+at
hie +donne +durh +d+at ne geearnigen wyrse wite +donne o+dre
menn.
<R 51.401.10>
Ac hi scoldon gehiran hw+at Paulus cw+a+d, +da +da he sume
men manode to +d+are giefe Godes +diowdomes;
<R 51.401.11>
ne cw+a+d he +deah no +d+at +d+at he cw+a+d for+d+am+de he
gesinscipe t+alde, ac for+d+am+de he wolde +da sorga 
awegadrifan +disses middangeardes of his hieremonna mode +da 
+de bio+d aweaxene of +d+am gesinscipe;
<R 51.401.14>
he cw+a+d: +dis ic cwe+de for eowerre +dearfe, +dyl+as ic eow
mid +anige grine gefoo.
<R 51.401.15>
Ic eow secgge hw+at eow arwyr+dlicost is to beganne, & hu ge
fullecost magon Gode +diowian +d+at eow 
l+ast +dinga mier+d.
<R 51.401.17>
For+d+am of +d+am gesinscipe weaxa+d eor+dlice ymbhogan &
sorga, for+d+am se +a+dela +dioda lareow his 
hieremen to betran life spon, +dyl+as hi mid eor+dlicre sorge 
wurden gebundne;
<R 51.401.20>
for+d+am, +donne se Godes +diow on +d+at gemearr +d+are
woruldsorga befeh+d, +deah [{he{] +donne h+abbe beflogen
+done gesinscipe, +donne n+af+d he no beflogen +da byr+denne.
<R 51.401.22>
Eac sint to manienne +da Godes +diowas +d+at hie ne wenen
+d+at hie butan +d+am demme stranges domes hi 
gemengan m+agen wi+d +da +amtegan wifmen, +da Paulus +d+at yfel
+d+are forlegnesse swa manegum awiergdum leahtrum loh.
<R 51.401.26>
He gecy+dde hwelc sio scyld bi+d, +da he cw+a+d: Naw+der ne
+da wohh+amendan, ne +da +de diofulgieldum 
+diowia+d, ne +da unf+as+dradan, +de ne magon hira 
unryhth+amdes geswican, ne +da +diofas, ne +da gietseras, ne 
+da druncenwillnan, ne +da wiergendan, ne +da reaferas Godes 
rice ne gesitta+d.
<R 51.401.30>
& eft he cw+a+d: +d+am wohh+amerum deme+d Dryhten.
<R 51.401.31>
For+d+am hi sint to manigenne, gif hie +da halwendan
forh+afdnesse gehabban ne m+agen, & +da scuras +d+are
costunga adreogan ne m+agen, +d+at hie wilnigen +d+are hy+de
+d+as gesinscipes;
<R 51.401.33>
for+d+am hit is awriten +d+at hit sie betere +d+at mon
gehiewige +donne he birne, for+d+am butan synne he 
m+ag gehiwian, gif he hit +ar ne forhet.
<R 51.401.35>
Ac se +de mare god gehet +donne he +ar dyde, he gede+d mid
+d+am +d+at l+asse god unaliefed 
<P 403>
+d+at he +ar dyde.
<R 51.403.1>
Hit is awrieten on +d+am godspelle +d+at nan mon ne scyle don
his hond to +d+are sylg, & hawian underb+ac.
<R 51.403.2>
Ne +don ma se +de gehat geh+at, ne wene he +d+at he sie a +dy
near hefonrice, gif he hine from went +d+am gehatum.
<R 51.403.4>
For+d+am se +de hine selfne maran godes beh+at, & +donne
forl+at +da maran god, & went hine to +d+am 
l+assum, +donne bi+d hit swutol +d+at he bi+d fromlociende
oferswi+ded.
<R 52.403.7>
[}+D+ATTE ON O+DRE WISAN SINT TO MANIENNE +DA +DE GEFANDOD
HABBA+D +DARA FL+ASCLICRA SYNNA, ON O+DRE WISAN +DA
+DE +D+AS NOHT NE CUNNON.}]
<R 52.403.10>
On o+dre wisan sint to manienne +da +de ongieta+d & witon
hiera lichoman synna, on o+dre +da +da +de hie nyton.
<R 52.403.11>
+da sint to manienne +de hiera lichoman synna onfunden
habba+d, +d+at hie huru +after +d+am scipgebroce him
+da s+a ondr+aden & +d+at forlor hira frecennesse, +donne hie
hit oncnawen, +d+at hi hit onscunigen;
<R 52.403.14>
+d+atte +da +da +de mildheortlice bio+d gehealdne +after hiora
+durhtogenum synnum, +d+atte hi eft unw+arlice
to ne gecierren, & +donne swelten.
<R 52.403.16>
For+d+am is gecweden to +d+are syngiendan sawle, +de n+afre
hire synna geswican nyle: +du h+afst 
forlegisse andwlitan, for+d+am +de no ne sceama+d.
<R 52.403.18>
+deah hie sint to manienne +d+at hie geornlice giemen, +deah
hi +d+at god hira gecynde gehal nolden 
gehealdan, +d+at hi hit huru tobrocen gebeten.
<R 52.403.20>
Him is +dearf +d+at hie ge+dencen hu micel menigu +d+ara
getreowfulra bi+d, +de +ag+der ge hi selfe cl+ane 
gehealda+d, ge eac o+dre of hira gedwolan ahwierfa+d.
<R 52.403.22>
Ac hw+at cwe+da+d hi +donne, +donne +da o+dre stonda+d on
anwalgre h+alo, & hie nylla+d +after yfelre d+ade 
gecierran?
<R 52.403.24>
O+d+de hw+at cwe+da+d hi, +donne +da o+dre brienga+d +ag+der
ge hie selfe ge eac o+dre mid hiora bisenum to 
hefonrice;
<R 52.403.26>
ond hie, +donne him God +done first alef+d, & him hira yfel
forbier+d, nylla+d fur+dum hie selfe 
briengan?
<R 52.403.27>
Ac hie sint to manienne +d+at hie gemunen hw+at hi godes +ar
forleton +d+as +de hi don meahton, +d+at hi 
huru +donne forbugen +d+at andwearde yfel.
<R 52.403.29>
Be +d+am cw+a+d Dryhten to +d+am gewundedum modum +durh
Ezechiel +done witgan, swelce he to Iudeum spr+ace,
& he +dara gedonena scylda eft gemyndgade, for+d+am+de he
wolde +d+at hi sceamode +d+at hie eft on +d+are 
o+derre worulde w+aren uncl+ane, he cw+a+d +d+at hi hi
forl+agen on Egiptum on hira giogu+de: hi w+aron +d+ar 
forlegene, & +d+ar w+aron gehnescode hiera 
<P 405>
breost, & forbrocene +da dela hiora m+agdenhades.
<R 52.405.1>
On Egiptum beo+d hira breost gehnescod, +donne hi +da
scandlican lustas +disses middangeardes mid hira
modes willan underhniga+d.
<R 52.405.3>
Ond eft on Egiptum bio+d forbrocene +da w+astmas +d+ara dela,
+donne +d+at gecyndelice gewitt +arest sume 
hwile bi+d on him selfun anwalg untosliten, o+d+d+at hit bi+d
gewemmed mid+d+am+de hit cnyssa+d on unryhta 
wilnunga, & hit totera+d.
<R 52.405.7>
For+d+am sint to manienne +da +de hiera synna onfunden
habba+d, +d+atte hie mid wacore mode ongieten 
+after hira misd+adum mid hu miclum godum willan Dryhten 
tobr+at +done greadan his mildheortnesse ongen +da
+de to him gecierra+d.
<R 52.405.10>
Swa swa he +durh Ieremias +done witgan cw+a+d, he cw+a+d: Gif
hwelc wif forl+at hiere ceorl, & nim+d hire
o+derne, wenestu recce he hire +afre ma, o+d+de m+ag hio +afre
eft cuman to him swa cl+anu swa hio +ar w+as?
<R 52.405.13>
Hw+at +du +donne eart [{forlegen{] wi+d manigne copenere, &
swa+deah ic cwe+de: Gecier eft [{to{] me, cw+a+d Dryhten.
<R 52.405.15>
He gereahte +done ryhtestan dom be +d+am forlegenan & +d+am
aworpnan wife, & swa+deah us gecy+dde, gif we
+after +d+am hryre urra scylda to him gecierdon, +d+at us
w+are gearo his miltsung, n+as +d+at ryht.
<R 52.405.18>
Of +dissum wordum we magon oncnawan, nu he us spara+d mid swa
micelre mildheortnesse, +donne we 
gesynngia+d, & +donne giet nylla+d +after +d+are scylde to him
gecierran, +d+at we +donne eft mid micle dysige 
syngia+d, nu sio Godes miltsung is swa micul ofer +da dysegan,
+d+at hiene na ne a+driet +d+at he hi to him
ne la+dige, +after+d+am+de hie gesyngod habba+d.
<R 52.405.23>
Be +d+are miltsunga +after +d+are la+dunga is swi+de wel
ges+ad +durh Essaias +done witgan;
<R 52.405.24>
hit is gecweden to +d+am wi+derweardan men: +din eagan
weor+da+d gesionde +dinne bebiodend, & +din earan 
gehira+d under b+ac.
<R 52.405.26>
Eall moncynn w+as to Gode gewend, +da +da hi +arest
gesceapene w+aron on neorxna wonge;
<R 52.405.27>
& he +da hie manode andwearde, & him forgeaf +d+at hie moston
stondan on frioum anwalde, & him get+ahte
hw+at hi on +d+am don sceolden, hw+at ne scolden.
<R 52.405.29>
+da giet stodon men to him gewende.
<R 52.405.30>
Ac +da hie wendon hiera b+ac to him, +da hi ofermodgiende his
gebod forhogdon.
<R 52.405.31>
& +deah, +deah hi hine oferhogden , ne forhogde he hi no ne
ne forlet: +d+at he gecy+dde, +da +da he him
sealde +a, & hi mid +d+are ham gela+dode, & oft sende his
englas us ham to spananne to him, & on +dissum
deadlican fl+asce he hine selfne +ateowde.
<R 52.405.35>
+da he +dis eal dyde, +da he stod +after us gewend, & cliopode
+after us, +deah we from him gewende w+aren;
<R 52.405.36>
& +deah he oferhogod 
<P 407>
w+are, he us eft la+dude to his hyldo.
<R 52.407.1>
Ac swa swa we nu +dis reahton be eallum monnum, swa hit m+ag
+aghwelc mon be him anum ge+dencean, 
for+d+am+de +aghwelc mon +de his bebod & his forbod ongiet, he
bi+d swelce he beforan him stonde, +ar+d+am+de he gesyngige.
<R 52.407.4>
+donne giet he stent beforan him, +donne he hine ne forhyge+d,
ac for his ege forbier+d +d+at he ne synga+d.
<R 52.407.6>
Ac +donne he forl+at his godnesse & his unscea+dfulnesse, &
gecist unryhtwisnesse, & +da gefreme+d, 
+donne went he his hrycg to him.
<R 52.407.8>
Ac +deah +donne giet him fylg+d God, & him +after cliopa+d,
+donne he hine mona+d +after +d+are gedonan 
scylde, & hine sp+an+d +d+at he to him gecierre.
<R 52.407.10>
+da scylda he nyle gesion, & +done fromweardan he ciege+d, &
+done greadan his arf+astnesse & his 
frofre he gebr+at ongean +da +de to him gecierra+d.
<R 52.407.12>
+donne we gehira+d under b+ac +d+as maniendes stemne, +donne
we to him gecierra+d, +donne +donne he us 
ciege+d huru +after urum scyldum, +donne he us +after cliopa+d,
+deah we +ar nolden +after his lare.
<R 52.407.15>
Hit is cyn +d+at we ure scomigen, +donne he us +after
cliopa+d, gif we us nylla+d ondr+adan his 
ryhtwisnesse, for+d+am we hine mid swa micle maran unryhte & 
dysige oferhycgea+d swa he l+as forhoga+d +d+at he us
+donne giet to him spane, si+d+dan we hiene oferhycggea+d.
<R 52.407.19>
Ongean +d+at sint to manigenne +da +de +donne giet ungefandod
habba+d fl+asclicra scylda, +d+atte hie swa 
micle swi+dor +done spild +d+as hryres him ondr+aden +donne +da
o+dre swa hi ufor stonda+d +donne +da o+dre.
<R 52.407.22>
Hi sint to manienne +d+at hi witen swa swa hie on hira stede
gestonda+d swa him mare gescot & ma flana
hiera feonda to cym+d.
<R 52.407.23>
For+d+am he ongit swa micle swi+dur him on feohtan swa he hine
selfne untrumran gefred on his lichoman.
<R 52.407.25>
Ac gif he +donne +d+am wi+dstent, +donne ongit he swa micle
maran sige on him selfum swa he unie+d wi+dstod.
<R 52.407.27>
Ac hie sint to manienne +d+at hie unablinnendlice +dara leana
wilnigen, & lustlice +d+at geswinc +d+ara 
costunga +de hi +drowia+d hi forsion & ge+dolien, & buton tweon
hi geliefen +dara leana; for+d+am, gif hie
ge+dencea+d +dara ges+al+da +de him ungeendode +after +d+am
geswincum becuman sculon, +donne +dynca+d him +dy 
leohtran +da geswinc +de ofergan sculon.
<R 52.407.32>
Hi sculon gehieran hw+at +durh Essaias +done witgan gecweden
is, he cw+a+d: +dis cwi+d Dryhten: +da 
afyrdan, +da +de behealda+d minne r+asted+ag, & geceosa+d 
+d+at ic wille, & minne freondscipe geheal+da+d, ic him 
selle on minum huse, & binnan minum wealle, wic & beteran noman
+donne o+drum minum sunum o+d+de dohtrum.
<R 52.407.36>
Hw+at elles getacnia+d 
<P 409>
+da afyrdan buton +da +da +de
of+drysca+d +da styringe +d+as fl+asclican lustes, & of 
him selfum aceorfa+d unryhtlico weorc?
<R 52.409.2>
+d+am monnum is gecy+ded hwelce stowe hi moton habban beforan
urum f+ader, swa swa we +ar cw+adon, +d+at 
hie sceolden habban ece eardungstowe on +d+as f+ader huse
fur+dor +donne his +agnu bearn.
<R 52.409.5>
Hi sculon gehieran hw+at +durh sanctus Iohannes gecweden is,
he cw+a+d: +d+at sindan +da +da +de mid wifum
ne beo+d besmitene, & hira m+age+dhad habba+d gehealdenne;
<R 52.409.8>
+da folgia+d +d+am lambe, swa hw+ar swa hit f+ar+d.
+da singa+d +done sang +de nan mon elles singan ne m+ag, buton
+d+at [{hundteontig{] & feowertig & feower +dusendo.
<R 52.409.10>
+d+am is sundorlic sang to singanne mid +d+am lambe on ecnesse
beforan eallum geleaffullum, & to 
blissianne for hira fl+asces cl+annesse, +d+atte +da o+dre 
gecorenan +done song gehiran m+agen, +deah +de hine swa
singan ne m+agen, & for +d+am lufum +de hi to him habba+d, &
for +d+am weor+dscipe +de hi gesio+d +d+at hie 
habba+d hi f+agnigen, & emnswi+de him blissigen, +deah hie +da
geearnunga n+abben +d+at hi +done weor+dscipe 
habban m+agen.
<R 52.409.16>
Gehieren eac +da +de ungefandod habba+d +dara fl+asclicana
scylda hw+at sio so+df+as+dnes +durh hie selfe 
cw+a+d bi +d+are cl+annesse, he cw+a+d: Ne underfo+d no ealle 
men +das lare.
<R 52.409.19>
Mid +d+am worde he cy+dde +d+at hit is se hiehsta cr+aft,
for+d+am he cw+a+d +d+at hine ealle ne gefengen, & 
eac s+ade +d+at he unie+de w+are to gehealdenne, & eac cy+dde
hu w+arlice hi hine healdan scolden, +donne 
hie hine underfangen h+afden.
<R 52.409.22>
Eac sint to manienne +da +de ungefandod habba+d +d+as lichoman
scylda +d+at hie witen +d+at se m+ag+dhad is 
hirra +donne se gesinscipe, & swa+deah hi sint to l+aranne 
+d+at hi hi ne ahebben ofer +da o+dre;
<R 52.409.25>
ac l+aten +d+at lif +d+as m+ag+dhades beforan +d+am o+drum, &
hine selfne bi+aftan, & ne forl+ate +deah +d+at lif
+de he wat +d+atte betere bi+d, & behealde hine selfne +d+at
he hine ne ahebbe on idelnesse.
<R 52.409.27>
Hi sint to manienne +d+at hi ongieten +d+atte oft gebyre+d
+d+atte +d+at lif +dara gesinhiwena oferstig+d +d+at
lif +d+as m+ag+dhades, +donne hi underfo+d +ag+der ge
forh+afdnesse ge ea+dmodnesse fur+dor +donne hie 
gehaten, & +da o+dre ne bega+d fur+dum hira +agne 
endebyrdnesse.
<R 52.409.31>
Be +d+am w+as swi+de wel gecweden +durh Essaias +done witgan
to +d+are byrig +de Sidon hatte, sio stod bi +d+are s+a;
<R 52.409.33>
+d+a cw+a+d se witga: +dios s+a cwi+d +d+at +du +din scamige,
Sidon.
<R 52.409.34>
Swelce sio burg +da w+are +durh +d+as s+as stemne to scame
geworden.
<R 52.409.35>
Swa bi+d +dis eor+dlice lif oft y+dgiende swa swa s+a, &
+deah bi+d oft swi+de acorenlic, & +d+at o+der swi+de
aworpenlic, +d+atte f+astre bion 
<P 411>
scolde & trumlicre.
<R 52.411.1>
Oft weor+da+d monige +after +d+as lichoman scylde to Gode
gecerred, & hi +donne swa micle f+as+dlicor 
gesta+dolia+d on godum weorcum swa hi hi selfe synnigran
ongieta+d.
<R 52.411.3>
& oft +da, +da +de on cl+annesse hiora lichoman gehealdenne
habba+d, swa swa hi l+asse ongietad on him 
selfum +d+as +de him hreowan +dyrfe, swa swa hie swi+dur wena+d
+d+at him genog sie on hira lifes cl+annesse,
+donne hira mod ne beo+d onh+at mid nanre manunge +d+are
hreowsunga.
<R 52.411.7>
+donon wyr+d oft Gode leofre +d+at lif +d+atte +after his
synnum on+aled bi+d mid hreowsunga +donne +d+at 
cl+ane & +d+at unscea+dfulle for sl+aw+de & for orsorgnesse.
<R 52.411.9>
Be +d+am cw+a+d +d+as Deman stemn, +d+at is Crist, be Marian
+d+are forlegisse: Hire sint forgifena swi+de 
manega synna, for+d+am+de hio swi+de hreowsade.
<R 52.411.12>
Ond eft he cw+a+d: Mara gefea wyr+d on hefonum for anum
hreowsiendum +donne ofer nigon & hundnigontig 
ryhtwisra +d+ara +de him nan +dearf ne bi+d hreowsunga.
<R 52.411.14>
+d+at we magon swutolor ongietan & hr+a+dor bi urum agnum
gewunan, gif we willa+d ongietan +done dom 
ures agnes modes.
<R 52.411.16>
Hw+at, we witon +d+at we ma lufia+d +done +acer +de +ar w+as
mid +dornum aswogen, & +after+d+am+de +da +dornas beo+d
aheawene, & se +aker bi+d onered, bring+d godne w+as+dm ma we
lufia+d +done +donne +done +de stent on 
cl+anum lande, & bi+d unw+as+dmb+are o+d+de ungefynde corn 
bring+d o+d+de deaf.
<R 52.411.20>
Eac sint to manienne +da +de ungefandod habba+d +dissa
fl+asclicena scylda, +d+at hie ne wenen for hira 
cl+annesse +d+at hie sien beforan +d+am hirrum hadum,
for+d+am+de hi nyton +deah hi sin behindan +d+am +de l+assan
hades bio+d, & hie wena+d +d+at hie beforan bion scylen;
<R 52.411.24>
for+d+am+de on +d+am dome +d+as ryhtwisan Deman onwent sio
geearnung +done had & +da ge+dync+do.
<R 52.411.25>
Hwa is nu +d+ara +de gesceadwis sie, & to +d+am gleaw sie
+d+at he swelces hw+at tocnawan cunne, +d+atte nyte
+d+atte on gimma gecynde carbunculus bi+d diorra +donne
iacinctus?
<R 52.411.28>
& swa+deah +d+at bleoh +d+as welh+awnan iacintes bi+d betera
+donne +d+as blacan carbuncules;
<R 52.411.29>
for+d+am +d+as +de sio endebyrdnes & +d+at gecynd forwiern+d
+d+am iacinte, se wlite his beorhtnesse hit eft
geiec+d, & eft, +deah +de +d+at gecynd & sio endebyrdnes
+d+as carbuncules hine upahebbe, his blioh hine
gescent.
<R 52.411.32>
Swa bi+d on +disse menniscan gecynde manige on beteran hade &
on beteran endebyrdnesse wyrsan, & on
wyrsan hade & on wyrsan endebyrdnesse beteran;
<R 52.411.34>
swa +d+atte oft on l+awedum hade & on l+awedum girelan mid
godum weorcum & mid ryhte life man ofer+dih+d
+done munuchad, & +da o+dre, +de +done hierran 
<P 413>
had habba+d,
+donne hi nylla+d +d+am +deawum & +d+am geearningum
folgian, +donne gewania+d hie +done had & gewemma+d.
<R 53.413.3>
[}+D+ATTE ON O+DRE WISAN SINT TO MANIANNE +DA +DE +DA GEWORHTAN
SYNNA WEPA+D, ON O+DRE +DA +DE +DA GE+DOHTAN WEPA+D.}]
<R 53.413.5>
On o+dre wisan sint to manienne +da +de hiera geworhtan synna
wepa+d, on o+dre +da +de hira ge+dohtan wepa+d.
<R 53.413.6>
+da sint to manienne +de hira geworhtan wepa+d, +d+atte hie
+da gedonan yfelu mid fullfremedre 
hreowsunga a+dwean, +dyl+as hi sin to swi+de gebundne mid +d+am
+durhtogenum scyldum, & +donne to lange forelden 
+d+at hi hi ne anbinden mid +d+are hreowsunge.
<R 53.413.10>
Be +d+am is awriten on +d+am nigon & hundsiofantigo+dan
sealme: God us drencte swi+de gemetlice mid 
tearum, swa +d+atte +aghwelces mannes mod swa micle oftor w+are
ge+dw+aned mid hreowsunge tearum swa swa he 
gemunde +d+at hit oftor w+are adrugod from Gode on his synnum.
<R 53.413.14>
Hi sint eac to manienne +d+at hi una+drotenlice +da gedonan
synna gel+aden beforan hira modes eagan, & 
+donne hi hi gesewene h+abben, gedon +d+at hie ne +dyrfen bion
gesewene +at +d+am nearwan dome.
<R 53.413.17>
Be +d+am cw+a+d Dauid on psalmum: Ahwyrf, Dryhten, +din eagan
from minum synnum.
<R 53.413.18>
& lytle +ar he cw+a+d: Mine misd+ada bio+d simle beforan me.
<R 53.413.19>
Swelce he cw+ade: Ic +de bidde +d+at +du no ne locige on mine
synna, for+d+am+de ic self him ealneg on locige.
<R 53.413.20>
Be +d+am eac cw+a+d Dryhten +durh Essaias +done witgan: +dinra
synna ne weor+de ic gemunende, ac gemun +du hiora.
<R 53.413.22>
For+d+am hie sint to manienne +d+at hi +alce synne ge+dencen
+d+ara +de hi gemunan m+agen, for+d+am, +donne hie
for anre hwelcre hreowsia+d, +donne hreowsia+d hie for ealle.
<R 53.413.24>
Be +d+am is swi+de wel gecweden +durh Ieremias +done witgan,
+da +da he +d+ara Iudea misd+ada ealle apinsode,
he cw+a+d: Tod+alnessa +dara w+atera utleton min eagan.
<R 53.413.27>
Tod+aldu w+ateru we l+ata+d ut of urum eagum, +donne we for
synderlecum synnum synderleca hreowsunga 
do+d: for+d+am+de hie ne magon ealneg ealla on ane tid emnsare
hreowan, ac hwilum an, hwilum o+dru cym+d 
sarlice to gemynde;
<R 53.413.30>
& +donne he wier+d mid +d+are anre onstyred, +donne wyr+d he
eallra gecl+ansod.
<R 53.413.31>
Eac hie sint to manienne +d+at hi gelefen & baldlice
getruwien +d+at hi +da forgiefnesse habba+d for 
+d+are hreowsunga +de hi wilnia+d, +dyl+as hi to ungemetlice
<P 415>
sien gew+agde mid +d+are [{hreowsunga{] .
<R 53.415.1>
Ne gedyde n+afre se mildheorta Dryhten, ne an his mode ne
gebrohte swelce hreowsunga, gif he hit 
+after +d+am auht swi+de wrecan wolde.
<R 53.415.3>
He gecy+dde swi+de mildheortlice +d+at he him deman nolde,
+da he gedyde +d+at hi him selfe +ar beforan demdan.
<R 53.415.5>
Be +d+am is awriten on +d+am feower & hundnigontigo+dan
psalme, hit is gecweden: Wuton cuman +ar his dome
andettende.
<R 53.415.7>
& eft hit w+as gecweden +durh sanctus Paulus: +d+ar we us
selfum demden, +donne ne [{demde{] us no God.
<R 53.415.8>
& eft hi sint to manienne +d+at hi swa hopigen to +d+are
forgiefnesse +d+at hie for +d+are orsorgnesse to
unw+arlice ne aslawien.
<R 53.415.10>
For+d+am oft +d+at lytige dioful +d+at mod +d+at he mid +d+are
synne ascrence+d, +donne he gesih+d +d+at hit unrot
bi+d for +d+am hryre his synna, +donne forspen+d he hit mid
+d+are wolberendan oliccunge.
<R 53.415.13>
+d+at w+as mid +d+are biesene getacnod +de Dinan gedon w+as
Iacobes dohtor.
<R 53.415.14>
Hit is awriten +d+at Dina w+are ut gangende sceawian +d+as
londes wif.
<R 53.415.15>
+da hi +da geseah Sihhem, Emmores sunu +d+as ebreiscan, se
w+as aldormon +d+as londes, & +da gelicode hio 
him, & he hi genam niedenga, & hire mid geh+amde.
<R 53.415.17>
& +da w+as his mod geh+aft mid +d+am m+adene, & he +da hi swa
unrote oleccende to him geloccode.
<R 53.415.19>
+donne g+a+d Dine ut sceawian +da el+diodigan wif, +donne
hwelces monnes mod forl+at his +agne tilunga, &
sorga+d ymb o+derra monna wisan, +de him nauht to ne limp+d,
& f+ar+d swa wandriende from his hade & of
his endebyrdnesse.
<R 53.415.22>
Sihhem, +d+as landes ealdorman, geniedde +d+at m+aden Dinan,
+da he hie gemette swa wandrian.
<R 53.415.23>
Swa de+d se dioful +d+at mod +d+at he gemet on unnyttum
sorgum: he hit awiert.
<R 53.415.24>
Sihhemes mod w+as +da geh+aft to Dinan.
<R 53.415.25>
Swa +d+at dioful, +donne he gesih+d +d+at mod on +d+am ilcan
unryhtan willan +de he bi+d, & +donne eft gesih+d
+d+at hit +d+as hreowsa+d, +donne gebring+d he beforan +d+as
modes eagan idle orsorgnesse & tohopan, for+d+am
+d+at he him oftio +d+are nyttwyr+dan unrotnesse.
<R 53.415.29>
Be +d+am w+as swi+de ryhtlice gecweden +d+atte Sihhem Dinan
li+delice olehte, +da +da he hi geunrotsod h+afde.
<R 53.415.30>
Swa de+d +d+at dioful +d+am mode: hwilum he gede+d +d+at him
+dync+d +d+at hit nan scyld ne sie +d+at +d+at he de+d;
<R 53.415.32>
hwilum he gede+d +d+at him +dync+d, +deah hit scyld sie, +d+at
o+dre men hefiglicor syngien;
<R 53.415.33>
hwilum he fortruwa+d to swi+de Godes mildheortnesse;
<R 53.415.34>
hwilum him +dync+d +d+at he h+abbe fierst genogne to
hreowsianne.
<R 53.415.35>
& +donne +d+at beswicene mod ymb +dyllic +denc+d, +donne wyr+d
hit amierred from +d+are incundan hreowe, to 
+don +d+at hit nan 
<P 417>
god ne gemete, for+d+am him nan yfel ne hriw+d.
<R 53.417.1>
Ac hit wyr+d swa micle swi+dur beswicen mid +d+am witum swa
hit nu swi+dur gefih+d on his yfelum.
<R 53.417.3>
Ongean +d+at sint to manienne +da +de +da ge+dohtan synna
wepa+d, +d+at hie geornlice giemen on +d+are 
degelnesse hira modes hw+a+der him +d+at ge+doht cume of 
f+arlicum luste, +de of wilnunga & ge+dafunga, +d+at hie 
swa gesyngeden.
<R 53.417.6>
For+d+am hit oft gebyre+d +d+at +d+at mod wyr+d gecostod of
+d+as fl+asces lustfulnesse, & +deah +d+at mod 
wi+dstent +d+as fl+asces lustfulnesse, swa +d+atte se ilca 
lust +de hine geunrotsa+d on +d+are degelnesse his modes
hine eft gerotsat, gif he him wi+dstent.
<R 53.417.10>
Oft eac folga+d +d+am mode swa grundleaslicu costung, & hit
swa forswilg+d, +d+at hit mid nanre 
wi+derweardnesse hire ne wi+dstent, ac ge+dafigende folga+d 
+d+are costunga.
<R 53.417.12>
+donne hit bi+d onstyred mid +d+are lustb+arnesse, & hit
onhaga+d to +d+am +dingum, +donne forl+at hit 
hr+adlice +da weorc +d+as inneran godan willan, +donne hit 
onhaga+d to +d+am uterran.
<R 53.417.15>
Ac +donne +d+at gesih+d se ryhta dom +d+as +dearlwisan Deman,
+donne ne bi+d hit no swa swa ge+doht syn, ac 
swa +durhtogen.
<R 53.417.16>
For+d+am+de +d+at +d+atte hine ne onhagode utane for+d to
brenganne mid weorcun, innane he hit ge+dafode, &
+durhteah mid +dy weorce +d+as fulfremedan willan.
<R 53.417.19>
We habba+d geascod from urum +arestan m+age Adame +d+at us is
from him gecynde +d+at we +alc yfel on +drio
wisan +durhtion: +durh gespan, & +durh lustfulnesse, & +durh
ge+dafunga.
<R 53.417.21>
+d+at gespan bi+d +durh dioful.
<R 53.417.22>
Sio lustb+arnes bi+d +durh +done lichoman.
Sio ge+dafung bi+d +durhtogen +durh +done g+ast.
<R 53.417.23>
Se s+atere, +d+at is se dioful, he hine sp+an+d on woh.
<R 53.417.24>
Se lichoma hine +donne him under+died mid +d+are
lustfulnesse, o+d+d+at se g+ast bi+d oferwunnen mid +d+are 
lustfulnesse, +d+at he hit ge+dafa+d.
<R 53.417.25>
Swa swa sio n+adre on neorxna wonge, +arest hio l+arde Euan on
woh, & Eue hi hire [{under+diodde{] mid 
lustfulnesse, swa swa lichoma.
<R 53.417.27>
+da w+as Adam, swa swa se g+ast, +durh gespan +d+are n+addran
& +durh Euan lustb+arnesse oferswi+ded, +d+at 
he ge+dafode +da synne.
<R 53.417.29>
On +d+am gespane we magon ongietan +da synne, & mid +d+are
lustfullnesse we bio+d genedode, & mid +d+are 
ge+dafunge we bio+d gebundne.
<R 53.417.31>
Ac +da sint to manienne +da +de +da ge+dohtan synna hreowsia+d
+d+at hie geornfullice giemen on hwelce +d+ara
synna hie befeollen, for+d+am +d+at hi m+agen ongean +d+at be
+d+am ilcan gemete hreowsian +de hi on hira 
innge+donce ongieten +d+at hie gesyngoden, +dyl+as him to hwon
hreowen +da ge+dohtan synna, o+d+d+at hi hi fulfremmen.
<R 53.417.36>
& swa+deah we hi scylen manian & bregean +d+at we hi 
<P 419>
on ormodnesse ne gebringen, +dyl+as hi wyrs don.
<R 53.419.1>
For+d+am oft se mildheortaa Dryhten swi+de hr+adlice +da
ge+dohtan synna awega+dwih+d, +donne he him ne 
ge+dafa+d +d+at hi hi +durhtion moten.
<R 53.419.3>
Be +d+am he m+ag witan +d+at hi bio+d hr+adlice forgiefene,
+donne he him ne ge+dafa+d +d+at hi to +d+am weorce 
becumen +d+at he him +donne +dearlur deman scyle.
<R 53.419.5>
Be +d+am is swi+de wel gecweden +durh +done psalmsceop on
+d+am an & +dritigo+dan psalme, he cw+a+d: Ic wille
secgan ongean me selfne min unryht, Dryhten, for+d+am +du
forgeafe +da arleasnesse minre heortan.
<R 53.419.8>
+da he h+afde bef+ast Gode his synna, +da he getiohchod +afde
+d+at he him ondettan sceolde.
<R 53.419.10>
+da cy+dde se witga hu ie+delic bi+d to forgiefenne sio
ge+dohte synn, +da he cw+a+d +d+at hio him sona 
forgiefen w+are swa he ge+doht h+afde +d+at he hi ondettan 
wolde.
<R 53.419.12>
+d+at ilce +d+at he getiohchod h+afde to biddanne he cw+a+d
+d+at him w+are +ar forgiefen.
<R 53.419.13>
For+d+am sio synn ne wear+d +durhtogen mid nanum weorce,
for+d+am ne com seo hreowsung to nanre +drowunge,
ac sio ge+dohte hreowsung adryg+d +da ge+dohtan synne of
+d+am mode.
<R 54.419.17>
[}+D+ATTE ON O+DRE WISAN SINT TO MONIANNE +DA +DE [{+DA{]
+DURHTOGENAN SYNNA WEPA+D, & SWA+DEAH NE FORL+ATA+D;
<R 54.419.18>
ON O+DRE WISAN +DA +DE HIE NO NE HREOWSIA+D, & HIE +DEAH
FORL+ATA+D.}]
<R 54.419.20>
On o+dre wisan sint to manienne +da +de +da gedonan synna
wepa+d, & hi +deah ne forl+ata+d;
<R 54.419.21>
on o+dre wisan +da +de hi [{forl+ata+d{] , & swa+deah no ne
hreowsia+d.
<R 54.419.22>
+da sint to manienne +de +da gedonan synna wepa+d, & hi
swa+deah ne forl+ata+d, +d+at hi geornlice ongieten
+d+at hi on idelnesse tilia+d hi selfe to cl+ansianne mid +dy
wope, +donne hi eft mid unryhte life hie besmita+d;
<R 54.419.25>
swelce hi hi mid +d+are hreowsunga to +d+am a+dwean +d+at hi
hi m+agen eft afylan.
<R 54.419.26>
Be +d+am is awriten +d+at se hund wille etan +d+at he +ar
aspaw, & sio sugu hi wille sylian on hire sole 
+after+d+am+de hio a+dw+agen bi+d.
<R 54.419.28>
Hw+at, se hund wile aspiwan +done mete +de hine hefega+d on
his breostum, & +d+at ilce +d+at he for 
hefignesse aspaw, +donne he hit eft frit, +donne gehefega+d 
hine +d+at ilce +d+at hine +ar gelihte .
<R 54.419.31>
Swa bi+d +d+am +de +da gedonan yfelu hreowsia+d, +donne hi
+d+at yfel mid ondetnesse him of aweorpa+d +d+atte
hira modes inna+d yfele & hefiglice mid gefylled w+as, &
+donne eft fo+d to +d+am ilcan & f+ata+d in +after +d+are 
<P 421>
ondetnesse +d+at ilce yfel +d+at hi +ar mid +d+are
ondetnesse & hreowsunga utawurpun.
<R 54.421.2>
Swa +det swin, +deah hit a+dw+agen sie, gif hit eft fil+d on
+d+at sol, +donne bi+d hit fulre +donne hit +ar
w+as, & ne forstent +d+at +dweal nauht, +deah hit +ar
a+dw+agen w+are;
<R 54.421.4>
swa bi+d +d+am +de his gedonan synna wepe+d, & hi swa+deah ne
forl+at: hefigran scylde & hefigran witum he
hine under+diet, gif he hit ne forl+at.
<R 54.421.6>
For+d+am he forhogde +da forgifnesse +de he mid +d+are
hreowsunga begiten h+afde, for+d+am+de he wealwode on
+d+am gedrofum w+atere;
<R 54.421.8>
& +d+at +d+at he +ar mid +d+are hreowsunga gecl+ansode he
beforan Godes eagum eft afylde.
<R 54.421.9>
Be +d+am is eft awriten on Salomonnes bocum, hit is awriten:
Ne eftga +du +din word on +dinum gebede.
<R 54.421.11>
+d+at is +donne +d+at mon eftgige his word on his gebede,
+d+at mon +after his hreowsunga gewyrce +d+at he 
eft scyle hreowsian.
<R 54.421.13>
Be +d+am is eac gecweden +durh Essaias +done witgan, he
cw+a+d: A+dwea+d iow, +d+at ge sin cl+ane.
<R 54.421.14>
Hw+at, se +donne ne rec+d hw+a+der he cl+ane sie, +de ne sie,
se +de +after +d+are hreowsunga hine ryhtlice &
cl+anlice nyle gehealdan: ealne weg hi hi +dwea+d, & ne beo+d
hie n+afre cl+ane, +deah hi ealneg wepen;
<R 54.421.17>
ealneg hi wepa+d, & +after +d+am wope hi gewyrcea+d +d+at hi
moton eft wepan.
<R 54.421.18>
Be +d+am is gecweden +durh sumne wisne mon: Gif hwa on hand
nim+d hw+at uncl+anes, & hine +after +d+am 
a+dwih+d, & +donne eft feh+d on +d+at ilce +d+at he +ar feng, 
hw+at forstent him +donne +d+at +arre +dweal. Se bi+d 
a+dw+agen of uncl+annesse, se +de a+dwih+d mid hreowsunga his
uncl+annesse. Se +donne gehrin+d eft +d+are uncl+annesse +de
synga+d +after his hreowsunga. Ac +da sint to manienne +de 
+da gedonan scylda hreowsia+d, & hi +deah ne forl+ata+d, 
+d+at hi ongieten +d+at hie beo+d beforan +d+as dieglan 
Deman eagum gelice +d+am monnum +de swi+de ea+dmodlice 
onginna+d beforon ricum monnum, & him swi+de olecca+d 
+da hwile +de hi him beforan beo+d, & eft, +donne hi him 
be+aftan beo+d, +donne do+d hi him to demme & to fiondscipe 
+d+at +d+at hi magon.
<R 54.421.29>
Hw+at is +d+at, +d+at mon hreowsige his synna, buton +d+at mon
eowa+d Gode his ea+dmodnesse & his treowa & 
his hiersumnesse?
<R 54.421.31>
O+d+de hw+at is +d+at, +d+at mon +after his hreowsunga
syngige, buton +d+at, +d+at he de+d feondscipe & 
ofermetto & unhiersumnesse +d+am ilcan Gode +de he +ar olehte?
<R 54.421.33>
Swa swa Iacobus s+ade se apostol, +da he cw+a+d: Swa hwa swa
wille bion +disse weorlde freond to 
ungemetlice, he bi+d gehaten Godes feond.
<R 54.421.35>
+da +donne sint to manienne +de +da gedonan scylda wepa+d, &
hi swa+deah ne forl+ata+d, 
<P 423>
+d+atte hi ongiten 
+d+atte oft bi+d swi+de idel & unnyt +dara yfelena manna
hreowsung, +donne hi +after +d+am ne tilia+d nau+der 
ne god to donne ne yfel to forl+atanne.
<R 54.423.3>
Swa bi+d eac swi+de oft synleas yfel ge+doht +d+am godum,
+donne hi hit mid weorcum ne +dorhtio+d.
<R 54.423.4>
Swa wundorlice hit tod+al+d & gemetga+d se godcunda wisdom be
hira +ag+deres geearnungum, swa +d+atte +da 
yflan betwix eallum hira yflum +de hi fullice gefremma+d hi
fortruwia+d, & hi on ofermetto ahebba+d 
for +d+am lytlan gode +de hi ge+dencea+d, & no ne anginna+d to
wyrceanne.
<R 54.423.8>
Ond eft, +da godan, +donne hi beo+d onstyrede mid +d+am yflum
ge+dohtum +de hi n+afre nylla+d +durhtion, 
+donne beo+d hi geea+dmedde, & forsio+d hi selfe for +d+am 
lytlan yfele, & ne forleosa+d nauht +durh +d+at hira 
ryhtwisnesse, ac hi hi geieca+d mid +d+are ea+dmodnesse.
<R 54.423.12>
Hw+at, Balam cw+a+d, +da he geseah +da wicstowa +dara
ryhtwisena Israhela: Geweor+de min lif swelce +dissa
ryhtwisena, & geweor+de min ende swelce hira.
<R 54.423.14>
Ac eft, +da sio anbryrdnes hine alet, +da funde he swi+de yfel
ge+deaht & searwa ymb hira lif: for+d+am 
hine gehran sio gitsung, he forget +done freondscipe wi+d
Israhele.
<R 54.423.17>
Hw+at, sanctus Paulus cw+a+d +d+at he gesawe o+derne gewunan
& o+derne willan on his limum, & se w+are 
feohtende wi+d +d+am willan his modes, & hine geh+aftne l+adde
on synne gewunan.
<R 54.423.19>
Sio, he cw+a+d, w+are on his limum.
<R 54.423.20>
For+d+am w+as sanctus Paulus gecostod mid his modes
untrumnesse +d+at he ongeate his synna, & for+d+am 
w+are +dy strangra on godum weorcum.
<R 54.423.22>
Forhwy bi+d se synfulla onbryrd mid +d+are hreowsunga, & ne
bi+d no +dy ryhtwisra;
<R 54.423.23>
o+d+de forhwy bi+d se ryhtwisa gecostod mid yfle ge+dohte, &
ne bi+d +deah gewemmed mid +d+are scylde;
<R 54.423.25>
buton for+dy+de +d+am synfullan nauht ne helpa+d his godan
ge+dohtas , for+d+am+de he n+af+d gearone willan 
untweogendne to +d+am weorce, ne eft +d+am ryhtwisan ne deria+d
his yflan ge+dohtas, for+d+am+de he n+af+d 
gearone willan +d+at woh to fulfremmanne?
<R 54.423.28>
Ongean +d+at sint to manienne +da +de hira synna forl+ata+d, &
hi +deah ne beta+d ne ne hreowsia+d, +d+at hi 
ne wenen, +deah hi hira synna forl+aten, +d+at hi God him
forl+ate, gif hi hi mid nanum +dingum ne beta+d 
ne ne hreowsia+d.
<R 54.423.32>
Swa se writere, gif he ne dilega+d +d+at he +ar wrat, +deah
he n+afre ma nauht ne write, +d+at bi+d +deah 
undilegod +d+at he +ar wrat.
<R 54.423.33>
& swa eac se +de o+drum bismer cwi+d, o+d+de de+d, +deah he
geswice, & hit n+afre eft ne do, +deah hit bi+d 
gedon +d+at he dyde, & un+dingad, gif he hit ne bet.
<R 54.423.36>
Ac he sceal +da ofermodlican word mid ea+dmodlicum wordum
gemetgian, 
<P 425>
gif he wi+d +done o+derne ge+dingian wile.
<R 54.425.1>
Wenstu, gif hwa o+drum hw+at gieldan sceal, hw+a+der he hine
mid +dy gehealdan m+age +d+at he him nauht 
mare on ne nime, ne +d+at ne gielde +d+at he +ar nam?
<R 54.425.3>
Swa us bi+d +at Gode, +donne we wi+d hine gesyngia+d: +deah we
n+abre eft swa ne don, gif we +d+at gedone 
mid nanum +dingum ne beta+d ne ne hreowsia+d, ne bio we no
+d+as sicore, gif us +d+at ne mislica+d +d+at us +ar
licode, +donne ne bi+d hit no us f+argiefen, +deah we nu
nauht yfeles ne don on +disse worulde.
<R 54.425.8>
Ne sculon we +deah for+dy bion to orsorge, gif we nauht to
gode ne do+d, for+d+am+de swi+de fela 
unalefedes we oft ge+dencea+d.
<R 54.425.9>
Hu m+ag se +donne bion orsorg se +de him self wat +d+at he
gesynga+d?
<R 54.425.10>
Hwelce i+dnesse h+af+d God +at urum witum, o+d+de hwelcne
weor+dscipe h+af+d he +at urre +drowunga, butan +d+at
he wile geh+alan +da wunde urra scylda mid strangum
l+acedome, gif he ne m+ag mid li+dum, +d+atte us 
biterige sio hreowsung, swa swa us +ar swetedon +da synna?
<R 54.425.14>
& swa swa we sigon +ar on +d+at unaliefede, o+d+d+at we
afeollon, swa we sculon nu forberan +d+at 
aliefede, o+d+d+at we arisen;
<R 54.425.16>
+d+atte +d+at mod +d+atte w+as abisegad mid unryhtre blisse si
eft abisegad on halwyndre & on ryhtlicre 
hreowsunga, swa +d+atte +d+at mod +d+atte sio upah+afenes & +da
ofermetto gewundedon eft geh+ale sio ea+dmodnes
& sio forsewennes his selfes.
<R 54.425.20>
Be +d+am cw+a+d Dauid on +d+am feower & hundsiofantigo+dan
psalme: Ic cw+a+d to +d+am [{unryhtwisum{] , ne do ge
unryhtwislice, & cw+a+d to +d+am +de +d+ar syngedon, ne hebbe
ge to up eowre hornas.
<R 54.425.22>
+donne ahebba+d +da synfullan swi+de up hira hornas, +donne hi
hi n+afre nylla+d geea+dmedan to +d+am +d+at hie
ongieten hira unryhtwisnesse, & +da hreowsian.
<R 54.425.25>
Be +d+am w+as eft gecweden on +d+am fiftego+dan psalme: +da
gedrefedan heortan & +da geea+dmeddan ne 
forsih+d hi n+afre Dryhten.
<R 54.425.26>
Swa hwa +donne swa his synna hreowsa+d, & hi swa+deah ne
forl+at, se gedref+d his heortan, & +deah 
oferhyg+d +d+at he hi geea+dmede.
<R 54.425.28>
Se +donne, se +de his synna forl+at, & hi swa+deah ne
hreowsa+d, se hine ea+dmed, & nyle +deah his mod gedrefan.
<R 54.425.30>
Be +d+am cw+a+d sanctus Paulus on his +arendgewrite 
to Corinctheum, he cw+a+d: Ge w+aron +ar on 
yflum weorcum, ac ge sint nu gecl+ansode & gehalgode.
<R 54.425.32>
For+d+am+de +aghwelc man bi+d +after +d+are hreowsunga his
synna cl+anra +donne he +ar w+as, +ar he gesyngade.
<R 54.425.34>
Be +d+am cw+a+d sanctus Petrus, +da he geseah manige men
ormode for hira +arron yflun, he cw+a+d: Hreowsia+d
& weor+da+d gefulwade eower +alc.
<R 54.425.36>
+arest he l+arde +d+at hi hreowsodon, & si+d+dan +d+at 
<P 427>
hi wurden gefullwode, swelce he cw+ade: Hreowsia+d 
+arest on eowrum mode, & si+d+dan +after fierste a+dwea+d eow,
& gecl+ansia+d mid eowrum tearum.
<R 54.427.3>
Hu m+ag se bion orsorg +d+are wrace his scylda, se +de nu
agiemeleasa+d +d+at he hreowsige his synna?
<R 54.427.4>
Hu m+ag he hira bion orsorg, nu se hiehsta hierde +d+are
halgan ciricean cw+a+d +d+atte sio hreowsung 
scolde bion +ar +d+am fulwihte?
<R 54.427.6>
Se fullwuht +done mon gecl+ansa+d from his synnum, & ealra
+dinga swi+dos+d +da synna adw+asc+d.



<B COPREFCP>
<Q O2 XX PREF PRCP>
<N PREF CP>
<A ALFRED>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  ALFRED'S PREFACE TO CURA PASTORALIS.
KING ALFRED'S WEST-SAXON VERSION
OF GREGORY'S PASTORAL CARE, PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 45.
ED. H. SWEET. 
LONDON, 1958 (1871).
PP. 3.1 - 9.7^]

[^B9.1.1^]
<P 3>
<R 1>
[}+DEOS BOC SCEAL TO WIOGORA CEASTRE.}]
+alfred kyning hate+d gretan W+arfer+d biscep his wordum
luflice & freondlice;
<R 2>
& +de cy+dan hate +d+at me com swi+de oft on gemynd, hwelce
wiotan iu w+aron giond Angelcynn, +ag+der ge godcundra 
hada ge woruldcundra;
<R 4>
& hu ges+aliglica tida +da w+aron giond Angelcynn;
<R 5>
& hu +da kyningas +de +done onwald h+afdon +d+as folces on
+dam dagum Gode & his +arendwrecum hyrsumedon;
<R 6>
& hie +ag+der ge hiora sibbe ge hiora siodo ge hiora onweald
innanbordes wel [^MS: wel WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE^] gehioldon, 
& eac ut hiora e+del gerymdon;
<R 8>
& hu him +da speow +ag+der ge mid wige ge mid wisdome;
<R 9>
& eac +da godcundan hadas hu giorne hie w+aron +ag+der ge ymb
lare ge ymb liornunga, ge ymb ealle +da +diowotdomas 
+de hie Gode don scoldon;
<R 11>
& hu man utanbordes wisdom & lare hieder on lond sohte, & hu
we hie nu sceoldon ute begietan gif we
hie habban sceoldon.
<R 13>
Sw+a cl+ane hio w+as o+dfeallenu on Angelcynne +d+at swi+de
feawa w+aron behionan Humbre +de hiora +deninga cu+den 
understondan on Englisc, o+d+de fur+dum an +arendgewrit
of L+adene on Englisc areccean;
<R 16>
& ic wene +d+atte noht monige begiondan Humbre n+aren.
<R 17>
Sw+a feawa hiora w+aron +d+at ic fur+dum anne anlepne ne m+ag
ge+dencean besu+dan Temese +da +da ic +arest [^MS: +arest 
WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE^] to rice feng.
<R 18>
Gode +almihtegum 
<P 5>
sie +donc +d+atte we nu +anigne onstal
habba+d lareowa.
<R 1>
& for+don ic +de bebiode +d+at +du do sw+a ic geliefe +d+at
+du wille, +d+at +du +de +dissa woruld+dinga to +d+am 
ge+ametige sw+a +du oftost m+age, +d+at +du +done wisdom +de
+de God sealde +d+ar +d+ar +du hiene bef+astan m+age, georne 
[^MS: georne ADDED IN THE MARGIN^] bef+aste.
<R 5>
Ge+denc hwelc witu us +da becomon for +disse worulde, +da +da
we hit nohw+a+der ne selfe ne lufodon ne eac
o+drum monnum ne lefdon: +done naman anne we lufodon +d+at
[^MS: ORIGINALLY +d+atte; te ERASED BUT STILL LARGELY 
VISIBLE^] we Cristne w+aren, & swi+de feawe +da +deawas.
<R 8>
+da ic +da +dis eall gemunde +da gemunde ic eac hu ic geseah,
+ar+d+am+de hit eall forhergod w+are & forb+arned, 
hu +da ciricean giond eall Angelcynn stodon ma+dma & boca
gefyld+a ond eac micel menigeo Godes +diowa 
& +da swi+de lytle fiorme +dara boca wiston, for+d+am+de
hie hiora nan wuht ongiotan ne meahton [^THE NEXT THREE
WORDS WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE IN THE MS^] ond +t+at w+as
for+d+am+de hy [^MS NOW hy; ORIGINAL READING hie STILL 
VISIBLE^] n+aron on hiora agen ge+diode awritene.
<R 13>
Swelce hie cw+aden: Ure yldran [^MS NOW yldran; ORIGINAL 
READING ieldran STILL VISIBLE^] , +da +de +das stowa +ar
hioldon, hie lufodon wisdom & +durh +done hie begeaton 
welan & us l+afdon.
<R 15>
Her mon m+ag giet gesion hiora sw+a+d, ac we him ne cunnon
+afterspyrigean, & for+d+am we habba+d nu +ag+der 
forl+aten ge +done welan ge +done wisdom, for+d+am+de we
noldon to +d+am spore mid ure mode onlutan.
<R 18>
+da ic +da +dis eall gemunde, +da wundrade ic swi+de swi+de
+dara godena wiotona +de giu w+aron giond Angelcynn, 
& +da bec eall+a befullan geliornod h+afdon, +d+at hie
hiora +da n+anne d+al noldon on hiora agen ge+diode wendan.
<R 21>
Ac ic +da sona eft me selfum andwyrde & cw+a+d: Hie ne wendon
[{+d+atte{] +afre menn sceolden sw+a recelease 
[^MS ORIGINALLY reccelease; FIRST c HAS BEEN ERASED^]
weor+dan & sio lar sw+a o+dfeallan;
<R 23>
for +d+are wilnunga hy [^MS NOW hy; ORIGINAL READING hie 
STILL PARTLY VISIBLE^] hit forleton, & woldon +d+at her +dy
mara wisdom on londe w+are +dy we ma ge+deoda cu+don.
<R 25>
+da gemunde ic hu sio +a w+as +arest 
<P 7>
on Ebreisc ge+diode
funden, & eft, +da hie Creccas [^EDITION: Creacas^] 
geliornodon, +da 
wendon hie hie on hiora agen ge+diode ealle, & eac ealle o+dre
bec.
<R 3>
& eft L+adenware sw+a same, si+d+dan hie hie geliornodon, hie
hie wendon [{ealla{] +durh wise wealhstodas on 
hiora agen ge+diode.
<R 4>
Ond eac ealla o+dr+a Cristn+a +dioda sumne d+al hiora on hiora
agen ge+diode wendon.
<R 6>
For+dy me +dync+d betre, gif iow sw+a +dync+d, +d+at we eac
sum+a bec, +da +de niedbe+dearfosta sien eallum monnum 
to wiotonne, +d+at we +da on +d+at ge+diode wenden +de we
ealle gecnawan m+agen, & gedon [^EDITION: ge don^] sw+a we
swi+de ea+de magon mid Godes fultume, gif we +da
stilnesse habba+d, +d+at [^THE ERASED END te STILL PARTLY
VISIBLE^] eall sio giogu+d +de nu is on Angelcynne
friora monna, +dara +de +da speda h+abben +d+at hie +d+am
befeolan m+agen, sien to liornunga o+df+aste, +da
hwile +de hie to nanre o+derre note ne m+agen, o+d +done
first +de hie wel cunnen Englisc gewrit ar+adan:
l+are mon si+d+dan fur+dur on L+adenge+diode +da +de mon
fur+dor l+aran wille & to hieran hade don wille.
<R 15>
+da ic +da gemunde hu sio lar L+adenge+diodes +ar +dissum
afeallen w+as giond Angelcynn, & +deah monige cu+don 
Englisc gewrit ar+adan, +da ongan ic ongemang o+drum
mislicum & manigfealdum bisgum +disses kynerices 
+da boc wendan on Englisc +de is genemned on L+aden
(\Pastoralis\) , & on Englisc Hierdeboc, hwilum word 
be worde, hwilum andgit of andgiete, sw+a sw+a ic hie
geliornode +at Plegmunde minum +arcebiscepe & 
+at Assere minum biscepe & +at Grimbolde minum m+asseprioste
& +at Iohanne minum m+assepreoste.
<R 23>
Si+d+dan ic hie +da geliornod h+afde, sw+a sw+a ic hie
forstod, & sw+a ic hie andgitfullicost areccean meahte, 
ic hie on Englisc awende: ond to +alcum biscepstole on
minum rice wille ane 
<P 9>
onsendan;
<R 1>
& on +alcre bi+d an +astel, se bi+d on fiftegum mancessan.
<R 2>
Ond ic bebiode on Godes naman +d+at nan mon +done +astel from
+d+are bec ne do, ne +da boc from +d+am mynstre: 
uncu+d hu longe +d+ar sw+a gel+arede biscepas sien, sw+a
sw+a nu Gode +donc ge [^MS: ge ABOVE THE LINE^] wel hw+ar 
siendon;
<R 5>
for+dy ic wolde +d+atte hie ealneg +at +d+are stowe w+aren,
buton se biscep hie mid him habban wille o+d+de 
hio hw+ar to l+ane sie, o+d+de hwa o+dre biwrite.



<B COCHROA2>
<Q O2 NN HIST CHRONA2>
<N CHRON A EARLY>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  CHRONICLE MS A EARLY (O2).
TWO OF THE SAXON CHRONICLES PARALLEL,
VOL. I.
ED. C. PLUMMER.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1965 (1892).
PP. 2.1 - 112.5^] 

[^THE TEXT BELOW CONTAINS LATER INTERPOLATIONS
GIVEN IN ITALICS OR SMALL PRINT IN THE EDITION.^]

[^B17.1^]
<P 2>
<R 1>
+TY GEARE +TE W+AS AGAN FRAM CRISTES ACENnesse cccc
wintra. & xciiii uuintra. +ta Cerdic & Cynric his 
sunu cuom up +at Cerdices oran. mid v scipum. &
se Cerdic w+as. Elesing. Elesa. Esling. 
Esla. Gewising. Giwis. Wiging. Wig. Freawining.
Freawine. Fri+tugaring. Fri+tugar. 
Bronding. Brond B+ald+aging. B+ald+ag Wodening.
<R 7>
Ond +t+as ymb vi gear +t+as +te hie up cuomon geeodon West
Seaxna rice, & +t+at uu+arun +ta +arestan cyningas 
+te West Seaxna lond on Wealum geeodon; & he h+afde +t+at
rice xvi gear, & +ta he gefor +ta feng his
sunu Cynric to +tam rice, & heold xvii winter.
<R 11>
+ta he gefor +ta feng Ceol to +tam rice, & heold vi gear.
<R 12>
+ta he gefor +ta feng Ceolwulf to his bro+tur, & he ricsode
xvii gear, & hiera cyn g+a+t to Cerdice.
<R 14>
+ta feng Cynegils Ceolwulfes bro+tursunu to rice, & ricsode
xxxi wintra, & he onfeng +arest fulwihte Wesseaxna 
cyninga; & +ta feng Cenwalh to, & heold xxxi
wintra, & se Cenwalh w+as Cynegilses sunu; & 
+ta heold Seaxburg his cuen an gear +t+at rice +after him.
<R 17>
+ta feng +ascwine to rice, +t+as cyn g+a+t to Cerdice, & heold
ii gear.
<R 20>
+ta feng Centwine to Wesseaxna rice Cynegilsing, & ricsode
vii gear; +ta feng Ceadwalla to +tam rice, 
+t+as cyn g+a+t to Cerdice, & heold iii gear.
<R 22>
+da feng Ine to Seaxna rice, +t+as cyn g+a+t to Ceardice, &
heold xxxvii 
<P 4>
wintra.
<R 24>
+ta feng +a+telheard to, +t+as cyn g+a+t to Ceardice, & heold
xiiii winter.
<R 25>
+ta feng Cu+tred to, +t+as cyn g+a+t to Cerdice, & heold
xvii gear.
<R 26>
+ta feng Sigebryht to, +t+as cyn g+a+t to Cerdice, & heold an
gear.
<R 27>
+ta feng Cynewulf to rice, +t+as cyn g+a+t to Ceardice, &
heold xxxi wintra.
<R 29>
+ta feng Beorhtric to rice, +t+as cyn g+a+t to Cerdice, &
heold xvi gear.
<R 30>
+ta feng Ecgbryht to +tam rice, & heold xxxvii wintra &
vii mona+t; & +ta feng +a+telwulf his sunu to, 
& heold nigonteo+de healf gear.
<R 31>
Se +a+telwulf w+as Ecgbryhting. Ecgbryht. Ealhmunding.
Eahlmund. Eafing. Eafa. Eopping. Eoppa. Ingilding. 
Ingild. Cenreding. & Ine. Cenreding. & Cu+tburg.
Cenreding. & Cuenburg. Cenreding. Cenred. Ceolwalding. 
Ceolwald. Cu+twulfing. Cu+twulf Cu+twining. Cu+twine.
Celming. Celm. Cynricing. Cynric. Cerdicing.
<R 39>
Ond +ta feng +athelbald his sunu to rice, & heold v gear.
<R 40>
+ta feng +a+telbryht his bro+tur to, & heold v gear.
+ta feng +a+tered hiera bro+tur to rice, & heold v gear.
<R 41>
+ta feng +alfred hiera bro+tur to rice, & +ta was agan his
ielde xxiii wintra. & ccc & xcvi wintra 
+t+as +te his cyn +arest Westseaxna lond on Wealum geodon.
<R 45>
AER Cristes gefl+ascnesse lx wintra. Gaius Iulius se
Casere +arest Romana Bretenlond gesohte. & Brettas 
mid gefeohte cnysede. & hie ofer swi+tde, & swa +teah ne
meahte +t+ar rice gewinnan.
<R 1.1>
(\ANNO\) Octauianus ricsode lvi wintra. & on +tam
xlii geare his rices Crist w+as acenned.
<R 2.1>
+ta tungel witgan of eastd+ale cuomon to +ton +t+at hie Crist
weor+tedon, & +ta cild on Bethlem ofsl+agene 
w+arun for Cristes ehtnesse from Herode.
<R 3.1>
Her swealt Herodus from himselfum ofsticod, & Archilaus his
sunu feng to rice.
<P 6>
<R 6.1>
From frym+te middangeardes o+t +tis gear w+aron agan v
[{+tusendu{] wintra. & cc wintra.
<R 11.1>
Her onfeng Herodes Antipatres sunu to rice in Iudea.
<R 12.1>
& Philippus & Herodes tod+aldun Lysiam, & Iudeam feowricum
tod+aldun.
<R 16.1>
Her feng Tiberius to rice.
<R 27.1>
Her onfeng Pilatus to gymenne ouer +ta Iudeas.
<R 31.1>
Her w+as Crist gefulluhtud. & Petrus & Andreas gehwierfede. &
Iacobus & Iohannes & Philippus & +ta xii 
apostolas.
<R 33.1>
Her w+as Crist ahangen; from fruman middangeardes ymb v
+tusendo wintra. & cc & xxvi wintra.
<R 34.1>
Her w+as Paulus gehwierfed. & Sanctus Stephanus oftorfod.
<R 35.1>
Her se eadiga Petrus [{se{] apostol ges+at biscepsetl in
Antiochia +t+are ceastre.
<R 39.1>
Her onfeng Gaius rice.
<R 45.1>
Her [{se{] eadiga Petrus se apostol ges+at biscepsetl on Rome.
<R 46.1>
Her Herodes aswalt. se +te Iacobum ofslog ane geare +ar his
agnum dea+te.
<R 47.1>
Her Claudius o+ter Romana cyninga Bretene lond gesohte, &
+tone m+astan d+al +t+as ealondes on his gewald
onfeng. & eac swelce Orcadus +ta ealond Romanna cynedome
under+teodde.
<R 47.4>
+tis was +tes feor+des geares his rices. & on +tys ylcan geare
gewear+d se mycela hunger on Siria +te Lucas 
rec+d on +tare boc (\Acta Apostolorum\) .
<P 8>
<R 62.1>
Her Iacobus (\frater Domini\) +trowode.
<R 63.1>
Her Marcus se godspellere for+tferde.
<R 69.1>
Her Petrus & Paulus +trowodon.
<R 70.1>
Her Uespassianus onfeng rice.
<R 71.1>
Her Titus Uespessianus sunu in Hierusalem ofslog Iudea cxi
+tusenda;
<R 81.1>
Her Titus feng to rice, se +te s+ade +t+at he +tone d+ag
forlure +te he noht to gode on ne gedyde;
<R 83.1>
Her Domitianus Tites bro+dur feng to rice.
<R 84.1>
Her Iohannes se godspellere in Pathma +tam ealonde wrat +ta
boc Apocalipsis.
<R 99.1>
Her Symon se apostol w+as anhangen. & Iohannes se godspellere
hine gereste in Epheso.
<R 101.1>
Her Clemens papa for+tferde.
<R 110.1>
Her Ignatus biscep +trowude.
<R 155.1>
Her Marcus Antonius & Aurelius his bro+der fengon to rice.
<R 167.1>
Her Eleutherius on Rome onfeng biscepdom, & +tone wuldor
f+astlice xv winter geheold; To +tam Lucius
Bretene kyning sende stafas, b+ad +t+at he w+are Cristen
gedon. & he +turhteah +t+at he b+ad. & hi sy+d+don 
wunodon on rihton geleauon o+d+de Diaclitianes rice.
<R 189.1>
Her Seuerus onfeng rice, & ricsode xvii winter.
<R 189.2>
Se Bretenlond mid dice begyrdde from s+a o+t s+a. & +ta
geendode on Euerwic. & Bassianus his sunu feng to rice.
<P 10>
<R 200.1>
Twa hund g+ara.
<R 283.1>
Her +trowade Sanctus Albanus martir.
<R 379.1>
+dreo hund g+ara.
Her Gratianus feng to rice.
<R 381.1>
Her Maximianus se casere feng to rice.
<R 1>
he w+as on Bretenlonde geboren. & +tonne for in Gallia walas.
& he +dar ofsloh +done casere Gratianum. 
& his bro+der adraf of +a+dele. se w+as gehaten Ualentinianus.
<R 381.4>
& se Ualentinianus eft gesamnode werod, & ofsloh Maximum &
feng to rice.
<R 381.5>
On +tam timan aras Pelagies gedwyld geond middaneard.
<R 409.1>
Her Gotan abr+acon Romeburg, & n+afre si+tan Romane ne
ricsodon on Bretone.
<R 410.1>
+t+at w+as embe xi hund wintra & x wintra +tes +te heo
getimbred was.
<R 411.1>
Ealles hi rixodon on Brytene feower hundwintra & hund seouanti
wintra. sy+d+dan +arost Gaius Iulius +t+at 
lond +arost gesohte.
<R 418.1>
Her Romane gesomnodon al +ta goldhord +te on Bretene w+aron, &
sume on eor+tan ahyddon. +t+at hie n+anig mon 
si+t+tan findan ne meahte, & sume mid him on Gallia
l+addon.
<R 423.1>
Her +deodosius se gingra feng to rice.
<R 430.1>
Her Palladius vel Patricius se biscep w+as onsended to Scottum
+t+at he hiera geleafan trymede. from C+alestino +tam papan.
<P 12>
<R 443.1>
Her sendon Brytwalas to Rome. & heom fultomes b+adon wi+d
Piohtas. ac hi +tar n+afdan nanne, for+tan +te 
hi fyrdedon wi+d +atla Huna cyning+a.
<R 443.3>
& +ta sendon hi to Anglum. & Angelcynnes +a+delingas +d+as
ylcan b+adan.
<R 449.1>
Her Martianus & Ualentines onfengon rice. & ricsodon vii
winter.
<R 449.2>
& on hiera dagum Hengest & Horsa from Wyrtgeorne gelea+tade
Bretta kyninge gesohton Bretene on +tam sta+te 
+te is genemned Ypwinesfleot. +arest Brettum to fultume,
ac hie eft on hie fuhton.
<R 449.5>
Se cing het hi feohtan agien Pihtas. & hi swa dydan, & sige
h+afdon swa hwar swa hi comon.
Hi +da sende to Angle & heton heom sendan mare fultum. & heom
seggan Brytwalana nahtnesse. & +d+as landes cysta.
<R 449.7>
Hy +ta sendan heom mare fultum.
<R 449.8>
+da comon +ta men of +trim m+ag+dum Germanie. Of Eald Seaxum.
of Anglum, of Iotum.
<R 449.9>
Of Iotum comon Cantware & Wihtware. +t+at ys seo m+ai+d +de nu
earda+d on Wiht & +t+at cynn on Westsexum +te
man gyt h+at Iutna cyn.
<R 449.11>
Of Eald Seaxon comon Eastsexa & Su+dsexa & Westsexan.
Of Angle comon se a si+d+dan stod westi betwyx Iutum & Seaxum.
East Engla. Midel Angla. Mearca & ealle Nor+dhymbra.
<R 455.1>
Her Hengest & Horsa fuhton wi+t Wyrtgeorne +tam cyninge, in
+t+are stowe +te is gecueden Ag+ales+trep, & his 
bro+tur Horsan man ofslog.
<R 457.1>
& +after +tam Hengest feng to rice & +asc his sunu.
Her Hengest & +asc fuhton wi+t Brettas in +t+are stowe +te is
gecueden Crecganford, & +t+ar ofslogon IIII 
wera, & +ta Brettas +ta forleton Centlond, & mid micle ege
flugon to Lundenbyrg.
<R 465.1>
Her Hengest & +asc gefuhton uui+t Walas neah Wippedesfleote, &
+t+ar xii Wilisce aldormenn ofslogon, 
<P 14>
& hiera +tegn an +t+ar wear+t ofsl+agen, +tam w+as noma
Wipped.
<R 473.1>
Her Hengest & +asc gefuhton wi+t Walas, & genamon
unarimedlico herereaf, & +ta Walas flugon +ta Englan
swa fyr.
<R 477.1>
Her [{cuom{] +alle on Breten lond, & his iii suna. Cymen,
& Wlencing, & Cissa. mid iii scipum, on +ta 
stowe +te is nemned Cymenes ora, & +t+ar ofslogon monige
Wealas, & sume on fleame bedrifon on +tone wudu 
+te is genemned Andredes leage.
<R 485.1>
Her +alle gefeaht wi+t Walas neah Mearcr+adesburnan st+a+de.
<R 488.1>
Her +asc feng to rice, & was xxiiii wintra Cantwara
cyning.
<R 491.1>
Her +alle & Cissa ymbs+aton Andredescester, & ofslogon alle
+ta +te +t+arinne eardedon, ne wear+t +t+ar for+ton 
an Bret to lafe;
<R 495.1>
Her cuomon twegen aldormen on Bretene. Cerdic & Cynric his
sunu, mid v scipum. in +tone stede +te is 
gecueden Cerdices ora, & +ty ilcan d+age gefuhtun wi+t
Walum.
<R 501.1>
Her [{cuom{] Port on Bretene. & his ii suna Bieda & M+agla
mid ii scipum. on +t+are stowe +te is gecueden 
Portesmu+ta, & ofslogon anne giongne Brettisc monnan,
swi+te +a+telne monnan.
<R 508.1>
Her Cerdic & Cynric ofslogon +anne Brettisc cyning, +tam was
nama Natanleod. & v +tusendu wera mid him, 
+after +tan +t+at lond wear+d nemned Natan leaga o+t
Cerdicesford.
<R 514.1>
Her [{cuomon{] West Seaxe in Bretene mid iii scipum. in
+ta stowe +te is gecueden Cerdices ora, Stuf 
& Wihtgar. & fuhtun wi+t Brettas & hie gefliemdon.
<P 16>
<R 519.1>
Her Cerdic & Cynric West Sexena rice onfengun, & +ty ilcan
geare hie fuhton wi+t Brettas +t+ar mon nu 
nemne+t Cerdicesford. & si+t+tan ricsadan West Sexana
cynebearn of +tan d+age.
<R 527.1>
Her Cerdic & Cynric fuhton wi+t Brettas. in +t+are stowe +te
is gecueden Cerdices leaga.
<R 530.1>
Her Cerdic & Cynric genamon Wihte ealond. & ofslogon feala men
on Wihtgar+asbyrg.
<R 534.1>
Her Cerdic for+tferde, & Cynric his sunu ricsode for+t
xxvi wintra, & hie saldon hiera tu+am nefum Stufe 
& Wihtgare eall [{Wiehte{] [{ealond{] .
<R 538.1>
Her sunne a+tiestrode xiiii dagum +ar (\Kalend+a Martii\)
from +armergenne o+t undern.
<R 540.1>
Her sunne a+tiestrode on (\xii Kalend+a Iulii\) . & stoerran
hie +atiewdon fulneah healfe tid ofer undern.
<R 544.1>
Her Uuihtgar for+tferde, & hiene mon bebyrgde on Wihtgara
byrg.
<R 547.1>
Her Ida feng to rice, +tonon Nor+tanhymbra cynecyn onwoc &
rixode twelf gear. & he timbrode Bebbanburh. 
seo w+as +arost mid hegge betyned. & +tar+after mid wealle.
<R 549.1>
Ida w+as Eopping, Eoppa Esing, Esa w+as Inguing. Ingui
Angenwitting. Angenwit Alocing. Aloc Benocing.
Benoc Branding, Brand B+ald+aging. B+ald+ag Wodening. Woden
Freo+tolafing, Freo+telaf Freo+tulfing. Fri+tulf 
Finning. Finn Godulfing. Godulf Geating.
<R 552.1>
Her Cynric gefeaht wi+t Brettas in +t+are stowe +te is
genemned [{+at{] Searobyrg. & +ta Bret Walas gefliemde.
<R 554.1>
Cerdic w+as Cynrices f+ader. Cerdic Elesing. Elesa Esling.
Esla Giwising. Giwis Wiging. Wig Freawining. 
Freawine Freo+togaring. Freo+togar Branding. Brand
B+ald+aging. B+ald+ag Wodening.
<R 556.1>
Her Cynric & Ceawlin fuhton wi+t Brettas +at Beranbyrg.
<P 18>
<R 560.1>
Her Ceawlin feng to rice on Wesseaxum, & +alle feng to
Nor+tanhymbra rice.
<R 561.1>
Idan for+dgefarenum. & heora +ag+der rixade xxx wintra.
<R 562.1>
+alle w+as Yffing. Yffe Uxfreaing. Uxfrea Wilgisling. Wilgisl
Westerfalcing. Westerfalca S+afugling. S+afugl 
S+abalding. S+abald Sigegeating. Sigegeat Swebd+aging.
Swebd+ag Sigegaring. Sigegar W+agd+aging. W+agd+ag Wodening.
<R 565.1>
Her feng +a+delbriht to Cantwara rice. & heold liii
wintra.
On his dagum sende Gregorius us fulluht & Columba m+assepreost
com to Pihtum. & hi gecyrde to Cristes geleauan.
<R 565.3>
+t+at synd +tonne w+arteras be nor+dum morum. & heora cyng him
gesealde +t+at igland +te man Ii nemna+d. +tar
syndon fif hida. +t+as +de man segga+d.
<R 565.5>
+tar se Columban getimbrade mynster, & he +tar w+as 
[^PLUMMER: was^] abbod xxxii. [{wintra{] & 
+tar for+dferde. +ta he was lxxvii wintra.
<R 565.7>
+da stowe habba+d gyt his yrfnuman.
Su+t Pihtas w+aron +ar gefullode of Ninna biscope. se was on
Rome gel+ared.
<R 565.8>
his mynster ys Hwiterne on Sanctus Martines naman gehalgod.
+tar he reste+d mid manegum halgum.
<R 565.10>
Nu sceal beon +afre on Ii abbod, & na biscop. & +tan sculon
beon under+deodde ealle Scotta biscopas. for 
+tan +te Columban was abbod, na biscop.
<R 565.13>
Her Columba (\presbiter\) com of Scottum on Bryttas. Peohtas 
to l+arenne. & on Hii +tam ealande mynster worhte.
<R 568.1>
Her Ceaulin & Cu+ta gefuhton wi+t +a+telbryht. & hine in Cent
gefliemdon, & tuegen aldormen on Wibban dune 
ofslogon, Oslaf & Cnebban.
<R 571.1>
Her Cu+twulf feaht wi+t Bretwalas +at Bedcan forda. &
iiii tunas genom, Lygeanburg. & +agelesburg. B+anesingtun.
& Egonesham.
<R 571.3>
& +ty ilcan geare he [{gefor+tferde{] .
<R 577.1>
Her Cu+twine & Ceawlin fuhton wi+t Brettas, & hie iii
kyningas ofslogon, Coinmail, & Condidan, & Farinmail, 
in +t+are stowe +te is gecueden Deorham. & genamon
iii ceastro Gleawanceaster, & Cirenceaster, 
& Ba+tanceaster.
<R 583.1>
Her Mauricius feng to Romana rice.
<P 20>
<R 584.1>
Her Ceawlin & Cu+ta fuhton wi+t Brettas, in +tam stede +te mon
nemne+t Fe+tanleag. & Cu+tan mon ofslog.
<R 584.2>
& Ceaulin monige tunas genom, & unarimedlice herereaf, &
[{ierre{] he hwearf +tonan to his agnum.
<R 588.1>
Her +alle cyning for+tferde, & +a+telric ricsode +after him
v gear.
<R 591.1>
Her Ceolric ricsode vi gear.
<R 592.1>
Her micel w+alfill w+as +at Woddes beorge, & Ceawlin w+as ut
adrifen. & Gregorius feng to papdome on Rome.
<R 593.1>
Her Ceawlin & Cuichelm & Crida forwurdon, & +a+telfri+t feng
to rice on Nor+dhymbrum.
<R 595.1>
Her Gregorius papa sende to Brytene Augustinum. mid wel
manegum munecum. +te Godes word Engla+deoda godspelledon.
<R 597.1>
Her ongon Ceolwulf ricsian on Wesseaxum, & simle he feaht. &
won, o+t+te wi+t Angelcyn, o+t+te uui+t Walas, 
o+t+te wi+t Peohtas, o+t+te wi+t Scottas; Se w+as Cu+taing.
Cu+ta Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing, Cerdic Elesing, 
Elesa Esling, Esla Gewising, Giwis Wiging, Wig
Freawining, Freawine Fri+dugaring, Fri+dugar Bronding, 
Brond B+ald+aging, B+ald+ag Wodening.
<R 601.1>
Her sende Gregorius papa Agustino +arcebiscepe pallium in
Bretene, & wel monige godcunde lareowas him 
to fultome; & Paulinus biscep gehwerfde Edwine Nor+dhymbra
cyning to fulwihte.
<R 603.1>
+ag+dan Scotta cyng feaht wi+d D+alreoda, & wi+d +a+delfer+te
Nor+thymra cynge +at D+agstane, & man ofsloh m+ast 
ealne his here.
<R 603.2>
Her w+as gefeoht +at Egesan stane.
<R 604.1>
Augustinus gehalgode ii biscopas. Mellitum & Iustum.
<R 604.3>
Mellitum he sende to bodiende East Seaxum fulluht. +dar was se
cing gehaten S+abyrht. Ricolan sunu. +a+delberhtes 
swyster. +tone +a+delbyrht gesette to cynge.
<R 604.5>
& +a+delberht gesealde Mellite biscopsetl on Lundewic. & Iusto
on Hrouecystre. seo ys xxiiii mila fram Dorwitceastre.
<R 604.2>
Her East Seaxe onfengon geleafan & fulwihtes b+a+d. under
S+abrihte cinge & Mellite bisceope.
<P 22>
<R 606.1>
Her for+dferde Gregorius ymb x gear +t+as +te he us
fulwiht sende;
<R 607.1>
Her Ceolwulf gefeaht wi+d Su+d Seaxe.
And her +a+delfri+d l+adde his f+arde to Legercyestre, & +dar
ofsloh [^EDITION: of sloh^] unrim Walena.
<R 607.2>
& swa wear+d gefyld Augustinus witegunge. +te he cw+a+d. Gif
Wealas nella+d sibbe wi+d us. hi sculan +at Seaxana 
handa farwur+tan.
<R 607.4>
+tar man sloh eac cc preosta +da comon +dyder +t+at hi
scoldon gebiddan for Walena here.
<R 607.6>
Scrocmail was gehaten heora ealdormann. se atb+arst +danon
fiftiga sum.
<R 611.1>
Her Cynegils feng to rice on Wesseaxum, & heold xxxi
wintra.
<R 611.2>
Se Kynegils w+as Ceoling. Ceola Cu+ting. Cu+ta Cynricing.
<R 614.1>
Her Cynegils & Cuichelm gefuhton on Beandune, & ofslogon
ii +tusendo Wala & lxv.
<R 616.1>
Her +a+telbryht Contwara cyning for+tferde, & Eadbald his sunu
feng to rice.
<R 616.2>
Se forlet his fulluht, & leouode on h+a+denum +teawe swa +t+at
he h+afde his f+ader laue to wiue.
<R 616.3>
+ta mynte Laurentius +de +ta was ercebiscop on Cent +t+at he
wolde su+d ofer s+a & eall forl+aton.
<R 616.5>
ac him com to on niht se apostolus Petrus & hine hetelice
swang, for +dan +de he wolde Godes hyrde forl+aton 
& het hine gan to +tam cynge & bodian him rihtne
geleafan.
<R 616.7>
& he swa dyde & se cing gecyrde to rihtan geleauan.
<R 616.8>
On +tyses cinges dagum Laurentius ercebiscop se was on Cent
+after Agustine 
<P 24>
for+tferde (\iiii Nonae Februarii\) 
& he was bebyred be Agustine.
<R 616.9>
+after him feng Mellitus to arcebiscopdome se was biscop of
Lundinium & +tas binnan fif wintre Mellitus 
[{for+dferde{] .
<R 616.11>
+ta +after him feng to arcebiscopdome Iustus, se was biscop of
Hrouecistre, & +tar to gehalgode Romanum to biscope.
<R 625.1>
Her Paulinus fram Iusto +tam ercebiscop w+as gehadod
Nor+thymbrum to biscepe.
<R 626.1>
Her Eanfled Edwines dohtor cyninges w+as gefulwad in +tone
halgan +afen Pentecosten; & Penda h+afde xxx 
wintra rice. & he h+afde L wintra +ta +ta he to rice
feng.
<R 626.4>
Penda w+as Pybbing. Pybba Creoding. Creoda Cynewalding.
Cynewald Cnebbing. Cnebba Iceling. Icel Eom+aring. 
Eom+ar Angel+teowing. Angel+teow Offing. Offa
W+armunding. W+armund Wihtl+aging. Wihtl+ag Wodening.
<R 627.1>
Her Edwine kyning w+as gefulwad mid his +teode on Eastron.
<R 628.1>
Her Cynegils & Cuichelm gefuhtun wi+t Pendan +at
Cirenceastre, & ge+tingodan +ta.
<R 632.1>
Her was Eorpwald gefulwad.
<R 633.1>
Her Edwine w+as ofsl+agen, & Paulinus huerf eft to Cantwarum,
& ges+at +t+at biscepsetl on Hrofesceastre.
<P 26>
<R 634.1>
Her Birinus biscep bodude West Seaxum fulwuht.
<R 635.1>
Her Cynegils w+as gefulwad from Birino +t+am biscep in
Dorceceastre, & Oswold his onfeng.
<R 636.1>
Her Cuichelm w+as gefulwad in Dorcesceastre, & +ty ilcan geare
for+dferde; & Felix biscep bodade East 
Englum Cristes geleafan.
<R 639.1>
Her Birinus fulwade Cu+dred on Dorcesceastre, & onfeng hine
him to suna.
<R 640.1>
Her Edbald Cantwara cyning for+tferde, & he ricsode xxv
wintra.
<R 640.2>
He h+afde twegene sunu Ermenred & Ercenberht.
<R 640.3>
& +ter Ercenberht rixode +after his f+ader. & Ermenred
gestrynde twegen sunu. +ta sy+d+dan wur+dan gemartirode 
of +dunore.
<R 642.1>
Her Oswald Nor+danhymbra cyning ofsl+agen w+as.
<R 643.1>
Her Cenwalh feng to Wesseaxna rice, & heold xxxi wintra.
& se Cenwalh het atimbran +ta ciricean on Wintunceastre.
<R 644.1>
Her Paulinus for+tferde se was +arcebiscep on Eoforwicceastre,
& eft on Hrofesceastre.
<R 645.1>
Her Cenwalh adrifen w+as from Pendan cyninge.
<R 646.1>
Her Cenwalh w+as gefulwad.
<P 28>
<R 648.1>
Her Cenwalh gesalde Cu+trede his m+age iii +tusendo londes
be +ascesdune; se Cu+tred w+as Cuichelming. 
Cuichelm Cynegilsing.
<R 650.1>
Her +agelbryht of Galwalum. +after Birine +tam Romaniscan
biscep onfeng Wesseaxna biscepdomes.
<R 651.1>
Her Oswine kyning w+as ofsl+agen, & Aidan biscep for+tferde.
<R 652.1>
Her Cenwalh gefeaht +at Bradan forda be Afne.
<R 653.1>
Her Middel Seaxe onfengon under Peadan aldormen ryhtne
geleafan.
<R 654.1>
Her Onna cyning wear+t ofsl+agen. & Botulf ongon mynster
timbran +at Icanho.
<R 655.1>
Her Penda forwear+t, & Mierce wurdon Cristne.
<R 655.2>
+ta was agan from fruman middangeardes v wintra. &
dccc & l wintra.
<R 655.3>
& Peada feng to Mercna rice. Pending.
<P 32>
<R 657.1>
Her for+tferde Peada, & Wulfhere Pending feng to Miercna rice.
<R 658.1>
Her Cenwalh gefeaht +at Peonnum wi+t Walas, & hie gefliemde
o+t Pedridan; +tis w+as gefohten si+t+tan he of 
East Englum com.
<R 658.3>
he w+as +t+ar iii gear on wrece, h+afde hine Penda
adrifenne, & rices benumenne. for+ton he his swostor anforlet.
<R 660.1>
Her +agelbryht biscep gewat from Cenwale, & Wine heold +tone
biscepdom iii gear; & se +agelbryht onfeng 
Persa biscepdomes on Galwalum bi Signe.
<R 661.1>
Her Cenwalh gefeaht in Eastron on Posentesbyrg, & gehergeade
Wulfhere Pending o+t +ascesdune; & Cu+tred 
Cuichelming, & Coenbryht cyning on anum geare for+tferdun; &
on Wiht gehergade Wulfhere Pending, &
gesalde Wihtwaran +a+telwalde Su+t Seaxna cyninge. for+ton
Wulfhere hine onfeng +at fulwihte.
<R 661.6>
& Eoppa 
<P 34>
m+assepreost. be Wilfer+tes worde & Wulfhere cyning
brohte Wihtwarum fulwiht +arest.
<R 664.1>
Her sunne a+tiestrode, & Arcenbryht Cantwara cyng for+tferde;
& Colman mid his geferum for to his cy+d+de.
<R 664.3>
+ty ilcan geare w+as micel mancuealm; & Ceadda & Wilfer+t
w+aron gehadode, & +ty ilcan geare Deusdedit for+tferde.
<R 668.1>
Her +teodorus mon hadode to ercebiscep:
<R 669.1>
Her Ecgbryht cyning salde Basse m+asseprioste Reculf mynster
on to timbranne.
<R 670.1>
Her for+tferde Osweo Nor+tanhymbra cyning, & Ecgfer+t ricsode
+after him; & Hlo+there feng to biscepdome
ofer Wesseaxan +agelbryhtes biscepnefa. & heold vii gear,
+teodor biscep hine gehalgode; & se Oswio 
w+as +a+telfer+ting, +a+telfer+t +a+telricing, +a+telric
Iding, Ida Eopping.
<R 671.1>
Her w+as +t+at micle fugla w+al.
<R 672.1>
Her for+tferde Cenwalh & Seaxburg an gear ricsode his cuen
+after him.
<R 673.1>
Her Ecgbryht Cantwara cyning for+tferde; & +ty geare w+as
seno+d +at Heorotforda, & Sancte +a+teldryht ongon 
+t+at mynst+ar +at Elige:
<R 674.1>
Her feng +ascwine to rice on Wesseaxum, se wes Cenfusing,
Cenfus Cenfer+ting, Cenfer+t Cu+tgilsing, Cu+tgils 
Ceolwulfing, Ceolwulf Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing.
<R 675.1>
Her Wulfhere Pending & +ascwine gefuhton +at Biedanheafde; &
+ty ilcan geare Wulfhere for+tferde, & +a+telred 
feng to rice.
<P 36>
<R 676.1>
Her +ascwine for+tferde, & Hedde feng to biscepdome, 
<P 38>
& Centwine feng to rice; & Centwine was Cynegilsing, 
Cynegils Ceolwulfing; & +a+dered Miercna cyning
oferhergeada Centlond.
<R 678.1>
Her o+tiewde cometa se steorra.
& Wilfri+t biscop w+as adrifen of his biscopdome from
Ecgfer+te cyninge.
<R 679.1>
Her +alfwine w+as ofsl+agen, & Sancte +a+tel+try+t
for+tferde.
<R 680.1>
Her ges+at +teodorius +arcebiscop seno+t on H+a+tfelda,
for+ton he wolde +tone [{Cristes{] geleafan geryhtan; 
& +ty ylcan geare for+tferde Hild abbodesse on Streonesheale.
<R 682.1>
On +tissum geare Centwine gefliemde Bretwealas o+t s+a.
<R 685.1>
Her Ceadwalla ongan +after rice winnan; Se Ceadwalla was
Coenbryhting. Coenbryht Cading, Cadda Cu+taing, 
Cu+ta Ceawlining, Ceawlin Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing; &
Mul was Ceadwallan bro+tur, & +tone mon eft 
on Cent forb+arnde;
<R 685.5>
& +ty ilcan geare Ecgfer+t cyning mon ofslog; Se Ecgfer+t was
Osweoing, Osweo +a+telfer+ting, +a+telfer+t +a+telricing, 
+a+telric Iding, Ida Eopping; & Hlo+there +ty
ilcan geare for+tferde.
<R 686.1>
Her Ceadwalla & Mul Cent & Wieht forhergedon.
<R 687.1>
Her Mul wear+t on Cent forb+arned, & o+tre xii men mid
him, & +ty geare Ceadwalla eft Cent forhergeada.
<P 40>
<R 688.1>
Her Ine feng to Wesseaxna rice, & he getimbrade +t+at menster
+at Gl+astingabyrig. & heold xxxvii wintra.
<R 688.2>
& +ty ilcan geare Ceadwalla for to Rome, & fulwihte onfeng
from +tam papan, & se papa hine heht Petrus. 
& ymb vii niht he for+tferde.
<R 688.5>
+tonne was se Ine Cenreding, Cenred Ceolwalding, Ceolwald was
Cynegilses bro+tur, & +ta w+aron Cu+twines
suna Ceaulininges, Ceaulin Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing.
<R 690.1>
Her +teodorius +arcebiscop for+tferde, & feng Beorhtwald to
+tam biscopdome.
<R 690.2>
+ar w+arun Romanisce biscepas, si+t+tan w+arun Englisce.
<R 694.1>
Her Cantware ge+tingodan wi+t Ine, & him gesaldon xxx m.
for+ton +te hie +ar Mul forb+arndon; & Wihtred
feng to Cantwara rice, & heold xxxiii wintra; Se Wihtred
was Ecgbryhting, Ecgbryht Arcenbryhting, 
Erconbryht Eadbalding, Eadbald +a+telbryhting.
<R 703.1>
Her Hedde biscep for+tferde, & he heold +tone biscop dom
xxvii wintra on Wintaceastre.
<R 704.1>
Her +a+telred Pending Miercna cyning onfeng munuchade, &
+t+at rice heold xxviiii wintra. +ta feng Coenred to.
<R 705.1>
Her Aldfer+t Nor+danhymbra cyning for+tferde & Seaxuulf
biscep.
<R 709.1>
Her Aldhelm biscep for+tferde, se w+as be westan wuda biscep,
& w+as tod+aled in foreweardum Danieles dagum 
in tua biscepscira West Seaxna lond, & +ar hit w+as an.
o+ter heold Daniel, o+ter Aldhelm;
<R 709.4>
+after Aldhelme feng For+there to; & Ceolred feng to Miercna
rice, & Coenred for to Rome & Offa mid him.
<P 42>
<R 710.1>
Her Beorhtfri+t ealdormon feaht wi+t Peohtas, & Ine & Nun his
m+ag gefuhton wi+t Gerente Walacyninge.
<R 714.1>
Her for+tferde Gu+tlac se halga.
<R 715.1>
Her Ine & Ceolred fuhton +at Woddes beorge.
<R 716.1>
Her Osred Nor+tanhymbra cyning wear+t of sl+agen, & se h+afde
vii winter rice +after Aldfer+te; +ta feng
Coenred to rice, & heold ii gear; +ta Osric & heold
xi gear;
<R 716.3>
& on +tam ilcan geare Ceolred Miercna cyning for+tferde, & his
lic reste+t on Licetfelda, & +a+telr+ades 
Pendinges on Bearddan igge; & +ta feng +a+telbald to rice on
Mercium, & heold xli wintra +a+telbald w+as 
Alweoing, Alweo Eawing, Eawa Pybing, +t+as cyn is beforan
awriten;
<R 716.9>
& Ecgbryht se arwier+ta wer on Hii +tam ealonde +ta munecas on
ryht gecierde. +t+at hie Eastron onryht heoldon, 
& +ta ciriclecan scare.
<R 718.1>
Her Ingild for+tferde Ines bro+tur, & hiera swostur w+arun
Cuenburg & Cu+tburh, & sio Cu+tburg +t+at liif 
+at Winburnan ar+arde, & hio w+as forgifen Nor+tanhymbra
cyninge Aldfer+te, & hie be him lifgendum hie ged+aldun.
<R 721.1>
Her Daniel ferde to Rome; & +ty ilcan geare Ine ofslog
Cynewulf.
<R 722.1>
Her +a+telburg cuen towearp Tantun +te Ine +ar timbrede; &
Aldbryht wr+accea gewat on Su+trige & on Su+t Seaxe; 
& Ine gefeaht wi+t Su+t Seaxum.
<R 725.1>
Her Wihtred Cantwara cyning for+tferde. +t+as cyn is beforan.
& Eadberht feng to Centrice.
<R 725.2>
& Ine feaht wi+t Su+t Seaxan, & +t+ar ofslog Aldbryht.
<R 728.1>
Her Ine ferde to Rome. & +t+ar his feorh gesealde & feng
+a+telheard to Wesseaxna rice & heold xiiii
gear.
<R 728.2>
& +ty geare gefuhton +a+telheard & Oswald se +a+teling; & se
Oswald was +a+telbalding, +a+telbald Cynebalding, 
Cynebald Cu+twining, Cu+twine Ceaulining.
<P 44>
<R 729.1>
Her cometa se steorra hiene o+tiewde, & Sanctus Ecgbryht
for+tferde;
<R 730.1>
Her Oswald se +a+teling for+tferde.
<R 731.1>
Her was ofsl+agen Osric Nor+tanhymbra cyning, & feng Ceoluulf
to +tam rice, & heold viii gear. & se
Ceolwulf w+as Cu+taing, Cu+ta Cu+twining, Cu+twine
Leodwalding. Leodwald Ecgwalding, Ecgwald Aldhelming, 
Aldhelm Ocging, Ocga Iding, Ida Eopping;
<R 731.5>
& Beorhtwald +arcebiscep gefor; & +ty ilcan geare Tatwine w+as
gehalgod to +arcebiscep.
<R 733.1>
Her +a+telbald geeode Sumurtun; & sunne a+tiestrode.
<R 734.1>
Her w+as se mona swelce he w+are mid blode begoten; & ferdon
for+t Tatwine & Bieda.
<R 736.1>
Her No+thelm +arcebiscep onfeng pallium from Romana biscep.
<R 737.1>
Her For+there biscep & Fri+togi+t cuen ferdun to Rome.
<R 738.1>
Her Eadbryht Eating, Eata Leodwalding, feng to Nor+tanhymbra
rice. & heold xxi wintra. & his bro+tor 
w+as Ecgbryht Eating +arcebiscep, & hie resta+t begen on
Eoforwicceastre on anum portice.
<R 741.1>
Her +a+telheard cyning for+tferde, & feng Cu+tr+ad to
Wesseaxna rice, & heold xvi wintra, & heardlice 
gewon wi+t +a+telbald cyning; & cu+tbryht w+as to +arcebiscep
gehalgod, & Dun biscep to Hrofesceastre.
<P 46>
<R 743.1>
Her +a+delbald & Cu+tr+ad fuhton wi+t Walas.
<R 744.1>
Her Danihel ges+at on Wintanceastre, & Hunfer+t feng to
biscepdome.
<R 745.1>
Her Danihel for+tferde, +ta was xliii wintra agan si+t+tan
he onfeng biscepdome.
<R 746.1>
Her mon slog Selred cyning.
<R 748.1>
Her w+as ofsl+agen Cynric Wesseaxna +a+teling, & Eadbryht
Cantwara cyning for+tferde. & +athelbyrht Wihtredes 
sunu cinges feng to +tam rice.
<R 750.1>
Her Cu+tred cyning gefeaht uui+t +a+telhun +tone ofermedan
aldormonn.
<R 752.1>
Her cu+tred gefeaht +ty xii geare his rices +at
Beorgfeorda wi+t +a+telbald.
<R 753.1>
Her Cu+tred feaht wi+t Walas.
<R 754.1>
Her cu+tred for+tferde, & Cyneheard onfeng biscepdome +after
Hunfer+te on Wintanceastre; & Cantwara burg 
forb+arn +ty geare, & Sigebryht feng to Wesseaxna rice, &
heold an gear.
<R 755.1>
Her Cynewulf benam Sigebryht his rices & West Seaxna wiotan
for unryhtum d+adum, buton Hamtunscire; 
& he h+afde +ta o+t he ofslog +tone aldormon +te him lengest
wunode; & hiene +ta Cynewulf on Andred adr+afde, 
& he +t+ar wunade o+t +t+at hiene an swan ofstang +at
Pryfetes flodan;
<R 755.6>
& he wr+ac +tone aldor mon Cumbran; & se Cynewulf oft miclum
gefeohtum feaht uui+t Bretwalum; & ymb xxxi 
wintra +t+as +te he rice h+afde, he wolde adr+afan anne
+a+teling se was Cyneheard haten, & se Cyneheard 
w+as +t+as Sigebryhtes bro+tur;
<R 755.10>
& +ta geascode he +tone cyning lytle werode on wifcy+t+te on
Merantune, & hine +t+ar berad, & +tone bur utan 
beeode +ar hine +ta men onfunden +te 
<P 48>
mid +tam kyninge
w+arun;
<R 755.13>
& +ta ongeat se cyning +t+at, & he on +ta duru eode, & +ta
unheanlice hine werede, o+t he on +tone +a+teling
locude, & +ta utr+asde on hine, & hine miclum gewundode.
<R 755.16>
& hie alle on +tone Cyning w+arun feohtende o+t +t+at hie hine
ofsl+agenne h+afdon; & +ta on +t+as wifes geb+arum 
onfundon +t+as cyninges +tegnas +ta unstilnesse, & +ta
+tider urnon swa hwelc swa +tonne gearo wear+t &
radost; & hiera se +a+teling gehwelcum feoh & feorh gebead, &
hiera n+anig hit ge+ticgean nolde.
<R 755.21>
Ac hie simle feohtende w+aran o+t hie alle l+agon butan anum
Bryttiscum gisle, & se swi+te gewundad w+as.
<R 755.23>
+da on morgenne gehierdun +t+at +t+as cyninges +tegnas +te him
be+aftan w+arun +t+at se cyning ofsl+agen w+as, +ta 
ridon hie +tider, & his aldormon Osric, & Wifer+t his +tegn,
& +ta men +te he be+aftan him l+afde +ar, & 
+tone +a+teling on +t+are byrig metton +t+ar se cyning
ofsl+agen l+ag, & +ta gatu him to belocen h+afdon & +ta 
+t+ar to eodon;
<R 755.29>
& +ta gebead he him hiera agenne dom feos & londes gif hie him
+t+as rices u+ton, & him cy+tdon +t+at hiera 
m+agas him mid w+aron +ta +te him from noldon;
<R 755.31>
& +ta cu+adon hie +t+at him n+anig m+ag leofra n+are +tonne
hiera hlaford, & hie n+afre his banan folgian noldon, 
& +ta budon hie hiera m+agum +t+at hie gesunde from
eodon;
<R 755.34>
& hie cu+adon +t+at t+at ilce hiera geferum geboden w+are, +te
+ar mid +tam cyninge w+arun; +ta cu+adon hie +t+at 
hie hie +t+as ne onmunden +ton ma +te eowre geferan +te mid
+tam cyninge ofsl+agene w+arun.
<R 755.38>
& hie +ta ymb +ta gatu feohtende w+aron o+t+t+at hie +t+ar
inne fulgon, & +tone +a+teling ofslogon, & +ta men +te 
him mid w+arun alle butan anum, se w+as +t+as aldormonnes
godsunu, & he his feorh generede & +teah he 
w+as oft gewundad.
<R 755.43>
& se Cynewulf ricsode xxxi wintra. & his lic li+t +at
Wintanceastre, & +t+as +a+telinges +at Ascanmynster, 
& hiera ryht f+aderencyn g+a+t to Cerdice;
<R 755.45>
& +ty ilcan geare mon ofslog +a+telbald Miercna cyning on
Seccandune, & his lic li+t on Hreopadune; & 
Beornr+ad feng to rice, & lytle hwile 
<P 50>
heold & ungefealice; &
+ty ilcan geare Offa feng to rice, & heold 
xxxviiii wintra. & his sunu Egfer heold xli daga &
c daga.
<R 755.50>
Se Offa w+as +tincgfer+ting, +tincgfer+t Eanwulfing, Eanwulf
Osmoding, Osmod Eawing, Eawa Pybing, Pybba 
Creoding, Creoda Cynewalding, Cynewald Cnebing, Cnebba
Iceling, Icel Eom+aring, Eom+ar Angel+towing, Angel+teow 
Offing, Offa W+armunding, W+armund Wyhtl+aging,
Wihtl+ag Wodening.
<R 758.1>
Her Cu+tbryht arcebiscep for+tferde.
<R 759.1>
Her Bregowine w+as to ercebiscep gehadod to Sancte Michaeles
tide.
<R 760.1>
Her +a+telbryht Cantwara cyning for+tferde. se was Wihtredes
sunu [{cinges{] .
<R 761.1>
Her w+as se mycla winter.
<R 763.1>
Her Ianbryht w+as gehadod to +arcebiscep on +tone feowertegan
d+ag ofer midne winter.
<R 764.1>
Her Iaenbryht +arcebiscep onfeng pallium.
<R 768.1>
Her for+tferde Eadberht Eating cing.
<R 772.1>
Her Milred biscep for+tferde.
<R 773.1>
Her o+tiewde read Cristes m+al on hefenum +after sunnan
setlgonge; & +ty geare gefuhton Mierce & Cantware 
+at Ottanforda; & wunderleca n+adran w+aron gesewene on
Su+t Seaxna londe.
<R 777.1>
Her Cynewulf & Offa gefuhton ymb Benesingtun & Offa nam +tone
tuun.
<P 52>
<R 780.1>
Her Ald Seaxe & Francan gefuhtun.
<R 784.1>
Her Cyneheard ofslog Cynewulf cyning, & he +t+ar wear+t
ofsl+agen, & lxxxiiii monna mid him; & +ta onfeng 
Beorhtric Wesseaxna rices, & he ricsode xvi gear, &
his lic li+t +at Werham, & his ryht f+adrencyn 
g+a+t to Cerdice.
<R 784.4>
To +tysan timan rixode Ealhmund cing innon Cent.
<R 785.1>
Her w+as geflitfullic seno+t +at Cealchy+te, & Iaenbryht
+arcebiscep forlet sumne d+al his biscepdomes, &
from 
<P 54>
Offan kyninge Hygebryht w+as gecoren, & Ecgfer+t to
cyninge gehalgod.
<R 787.1>
Her nom Beorhtric cyning Offan dohtor Eadburge; & on his dagum
cuomon +arest iii scipu, & +ta se gerefa 
+t+arto rad, & hie wolde drifan to +t+as cyninges tune
+ty he nyste hw+at hie w+aron; & hiene mon ofslog;
<R 787.4>
+t+at w+aron +ta +arestan scipu Deniscra monna +te Angelcynnes
lond gesohton.
<R 790.1>
Her Iaenbryht +arcebiscep for+tferde, & +ty ilcan geare w+as
gecoren +a+telheard abbud to biscepe.
<R 792.1>
Her Offa Miercna cyning het +a+telbryhte (\rex\) +t+at heafod
ofaslean.
<P 56>
<R 794.1>
Her Adrianus papa & Offa cyning for+tferdon; & +a+telred
Nor+tanhymbra cyning w+as ofsl+agen from his agenre 
+teode, & Ceolwulf biscep & Eadbald biscep of +t+am londe
aforon;
<R 794.3>
& Ecgfer+t feng to Miercna rice. & +ty ilcan geare for+tferde;
& Eadbryht onfeng rice on Cent. +tam was
o+ter noma nemned Pr+an.
<R 796.1>
Her Ceolwulf Miercna cyning oferhergeade Cantware o+t Mersc, &
gefengun Praen hiera cyning, & gebundenne 
hine on Mierce l+addon;
<R 797.1>
Her Romane Leone +t+am papan his tungon forcurfon, & his eagan
astungon, & hine of his setle afliemdon; 
& +ta sona eft Gode fultomiendum he meahte geseon &
sprecan, & eft was papa swa he +ar w+as.
<P 58>
<R 799.1>
Her +a+telheard +arcebiscep & Cynebryht Wesseaxna biscep foron
to Rome.
<R 800.1>
Her Beorhtric cyning for+tferde & Worr aldormon; & Ecgbryht
feng to Wesseaxna rice; & +ty ilcan d+age 
rad +a+telmund aldorman of Hwiccium ofer +at Cynem+ares forda,
+ta mette hine Weoxtan aldorman mid Wils+atum; 
+t+ar wear+t micel gefeoht, & +t+ar begen ofsl+agene +ta
aldormen, & Wils+atan namon sige.
<R 802.1>
Her w+as gehadod Beornmod biscep to Hrofesceastre.
<R 803.1>
Her +a+telheard +arcebiscep for+tferde, & Wulfred w+as to
+arcebiscep gehadod, & For+tred abbud for+tferde.
<R 804.1>
Her Wulfred +arcebiscep pallium onfeng.
<R 805.1>
Her Cu+tred cyning for+tferde on Cantwarum, & Ceolburg
abbudesse, & Heabryht aldorman.
<R 812.1>
Her Carl cyning for+tferde, & he ricsode xlv wintra. &
Wulfred arcebiscep & Wigbryht Wesseaxna biscep 
foron begen to Rome;
<R 813.1>
Her Wulfred +arcebiscep mid bledsunge +t+as papan Leon hwearf
eft to his agnum biscepdome; & +ty geare 
gehergade Ecgbryht cyning on West Walas from easte weardum o+t
weste wearde.
<R 814.1>
Her Leo se +a+tela papa & se halga for+tferde, & +after him
Stephanus feng to rice.
<P 60>
<R 816.1>
Her Stephanus papa for+tferde, & +after him was Paschalis to
papan gehadod; & +ty ilcan geare forborn Ongolcynnes scolu.
<R 819.1>
Her Cenwulf Miercna cyning for+tferde, & Ceolwulf feng to
rice, & Eadbryht aldormon for+tferde.
<R 821.1>
Her wear+t Ceolwulf his rices besciered.
<R 822.1>
Her tuegen aldormen wurdon ofsl+agene, Burghelm & Muca; &
seno+t w+as +at Clofeshoo.
<R 823.1>
Her w+as Wala gefeoht & Defna +at Gafulforda; & +ty ilcan
geare gefeaht Ecbryht cyning & Beornwulf cyning 
on Ellen dune, & Ecgbryht sige nam, & +t+ar w+as micel
w+al gesl+agen;
<R 823.4>
+ta sende he +a+tlwulf his sunu of +t+are fierde, & Ealhstan
his biscep, & Wulfheard his aldormon to Cent 
micle werede, & hie Baldred +tone cyning nor+t ofer Temese
adrifon, & Cantware him to cirdon, & Su+trige, 
& Su+t Seaxe, & East Seaxe, +ty hie from his m+agum +ar
mid unryhte anidde w+arun;
<R 823.9>
& +ty ilcan geare East Engla cyning, & seo +teod gesohte
Ecgbryht cyning him to fri+te & to mundboran
for Miercna ege, & +ty geare slogon East Engle Beornwulf
Miercna cyning.
<R 825.1>
Her Ludecan Miercna cyning & his v aldormen mon ofslogmid him &
Wiig laf feng to rice.
<R 827.1>
Her mona a+tistrode on middes wintres m+asseniht;
<R 827.2>
& +ty ilcan geare geeode Ecgbryht cyning Miercna rice & al
+t+at be su+tan Humbre w+as, & he w+as se eahte+ta 
cyning se+te Bretwalda w+as;
<R 827.4>
+arest +alle su+t Seaxna cyning se +tus micel rice h+afde, se
+aftera w+as Ceawlin Wesseaxna cyning, se +tridda 
w+as +a+telbryht Cantwara cyning, se feor+ta w+as
R+adwald East Engla cyning, fifta was Eadwine Nor+tanhymbra 
cyning, siexta w+as Oswald se +after him ricsode,
seofo+ta w+as Oswio Oswaldes bro+tur, eahto+ta
w+as Ecgbryht Wesseaxna cyning;
<R 827.10>
& se Ecgbryht l+adde fierd to Dore wi+t Nor+tanhymbre, & hie
him +t+ar ea+tmedo budon & ge+tu+arnesse, & hie 
on +tam tohwurfon.
<P 62>
<R 828.1>
Her eft Wilaf onfeng Miercna rices, & +a+telwald biscop
for+tferde, & +ty ilcan geare l+adde Ecgbryht cyning 
fierd on Nor+t Walas, & he hie to ea+tmodre hersumnesse
gedyde.
<R 829.1>
Her Wulfred +arcebiscep for+tferde.
<R 830.1>
Her Ceolno+t w+as gecoren to biscep & gehadod, & Feologid
abbud for+tferde.
<R 831.1>
Her Ceolno+t +arcebiscep onfeng pallium.
<R 832.1>
Her h+a+tne men oferhergeadon Sceapige.
<R 833.1>
Her gefeaht Ecgbryht cyning wi+t xxxv scip hl+asta +at
Carrum. & +t+ar wear+t micel w+al gesl+agen, & +ta 
Denescan ahton w+al stowe gewald;
<R 833.3>
& Herefer+t & Wig+ten tuegen biscepas for+tferdon, & Dudda &
Osmod tuegen aldormen for+tferdon.
<R 835.1>
Her cuom micel sciphere on West Walas, & hie to anum
gecierdon, & wi+t Ecgbryht West Seaxna cyning 
winnende w+aron;
<R 835.3>
+ta he +t+at hierde, & mid fierde ferde, & him wi+t feaht +at
Hengestdune, & +t+ar gefliemde ge +ta Walas ge +ta Deniscan.
<R 836.1>
Her Ecgbryht cyning for+tferde, & hine h+afde +ar Offa Miercna
cyning & Beorhtric Wesseaxna cyning afliemed 
iii gear of Angelcynnes lande on Fronclond +ar he
cyning w+are, & +ty fultumode Beorhtric Offan 
+ty he h+afde his dohtor him to cuene; & se Ecgbryht ricsode
xxxvii wintra [{&{] vii mona+t.
<R 836.6>
& feng E+telwulf Ecgbrehting to Wesseaxna rice, & he salde his
suna +a+telstane Cantwara rice & East Seaxna 
& Su+trigea & Su+t Seaxna.
<R 837.1>
Her Wulfheard aldorman gefeaht +at Hamtune wi+t xxxiii
sciphl+asta, & +t+ar micel w+al geslog, & sige 
nom; & +ty geare for+tferde Wulfheard; & +ty ilcan geare
gefeaht +a+telhelm (\dux\) wi+t Deniscne here on Port 
mid Dorns+atum, & gode hwile +tone here gefliemde, & +ta
Deniscan ahton w+alstowe gewald, & +tone aldormon ofslogon.
<R 838.1>
Her Herebryht aldormon w+as ofsl+agen from h+a+tnum monnum, &
monige mid him on Merscwarum, & 
<P 64>
+ty ilcan 
geare eft on Lindesse, & on East Englum, & on Cantwarum wurdon
monige men ofsl+agene from +tam herige.
<R 839.1>
Her w+as micel w+alsliht on Lundenne, & on Cwantawic, & on
Hrofesceastre.
<R 840.1>
Her +a+telwulf cyning gefeaht +at Carrum wi+t xxxv
sciphl+asta, & +ta Deniscan ahton w+alstowe gewald.
<R 845.1>
Her Eanulf aldorman gefeaht mid Sumurs+atum, & Ealchstan
biscep & Osric aldorman mid Dorns+atum gefuhton 
+at Pedridan mu+tan wi+t Deniscne here, & +t+ar micel w+al
geslogon & sige namon.
<R 851.1>
Her Ceorl aldormon gefeaht wi+t h+a+tene men mid Defenascire
+at Wicganbeorge, & +t+ar micel w+al geslogon, 
& sige namon;
<R 851.3>
& +ty ilcan geare +a+telstan cyning, & Ealchere (\dux\) 
micelne here ofslogon +at Sondwic on Cent. & ix scipu 
gefengun, & +ta o+tre gefliemdon;
<R 851.5>
& h+a+tne men +arest ofer winter s+aton;
<R 851.6>
& +ty ilcan geare cuom feor+de healfhund scipa on
Temesemu+tan, & br+acon Contwaraburg, & Lundenburg, &
gefliemdon Beorhtwulf Miercna cyning mid his fierde, & foron
+ta su+t ofer Temese on Su+trige, & him 
gefeaht wi+t +a+telwulf cyning & +a+telbald his sunu +at Aclea
mid West Seaxna fierde, & +t+ar +t+at m+aste w+al 
geslogon on h+a+tnum herige +te we secgan hierdon o+t +tisne
ondweardan d+ag, & +t+ar sige namon.
<R 853.1>
Her b+ad Burgred Miercna cyning & his wiotan +a+telwulf cyning
+t+at he him gefultumade +t+at him Nor+t Walas gehiersumade;
<R 853.3>
He +ta swa dyde, & mid fierde for ofer Mierce on Nor+t Walas,
& hie him alle gehiersume dydon;
<R 853.5>
& +ty ilcan geare sende +a+telwulf cyning +alfred his sunu to
Rome.
<R 853.6>
+ta was domne Leo papa on Rome, & he hine to cyninge
gehalgode, & hiene him to biscepsuna nam;
<R 853.8>
+ta +ty ilcan geare Ealhere mid Cantwarum, & Huda mid
Su+trigium gefuhton on Tenet wi+t h+a+tnum herige, & 
<P 66>
+arest sige namon, & +t+ar wear+t monig mon ofsl+agen, &
adruncen on gehw+a+tere hond.
<R 853.11>
Ond +t+as ofer Eastron geaf +a+telwulf cyning his dohtor
Burgrede cyninge of Wesseaxum on Merce.
<R 855.1>
Her h+a+tne men +arest on Sceapige ofer winter s+atun; & +ty
ilcan geare gebocude +a+telwulf cyning teo+tan
d+al his londes ofer al his rice [{Gode{] to lofe, & him
selfum to ecere h+alo;
<R 855.4>
& +ty ilcan geare ferde to Rome mid micelre weor+tnesse, &
+t+ar was xii mona+t wuniende, & +ta him hamweard 
for, & him +ta Carl Francna cyning his dohtor geaf him
to cuene, & +after +tam to his leodum cuom, 
& hie +t+as gef+agene w+arun.
<R 855.8>
& ymb ii gear +t+as +de he on Francum com he gefor. & his
lic li+t +at Wintanceastre, & he ricsode nigonteo+te 
healfgear.
<R 855.10>
Ond se +a+telwulf w+as Ecgbrehting, Ecgbryht Ealhmunding,
Ealhmund Eafing, Eafa Eopping, Eoppa Ingilding;
<R 855.12>
Ingild w+as Ines bro+tur West Seaxna cyninges, +t+as +te eft
ferde to Sancte Petre & +t+ar eft his feorh geseald;
<R 855.14>
& hie w+aron Cenredes suna, Cenred w+as Ceolwalding, Ceolwald
Cu+taing, Cu+ta Cu+twining, Cu+twine Ceaulining, 
Ceawlin Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing, Cerdic Elesing,
Elesa Esling, Esla Giwising, Giwis Wiging, 
Wig Freawining, Freawine Fri+togaring, Fri+togar Bronding,
Brond B+ald+aging, B+ald+ag Wodening, Woden
Fri+towalding, Fri+tuwald Freawining, Frealaf Fri+tuwulfing,
Fri+tuwulf Finning, Fin Godwulfing, Godwulf 
Geating, Geat T+atwaing, T+atwa Beawing, Beaw Sceldwaing,
Sceldwea Heremoding, Heremod Itermoning,
Itermon Hra+traing, se w+as geboren in +t+are earce; Noe,
Lamach, Matusalem, Enoh, Iaered, Maleel, Camon, 
Enos, Sed, Adam.
<R 855.25>
(\primus homo et pater noster est Cristus, Amen\) .
<R 855.27>
Ond +ta fengon +a+telwulfes suna twegen to rice, +a+telbald
to Wesseaxna rice, & +a+telbryht to Cantwara 
rice, & to East Seaxna rice, & to Su+trigea, & to Su+t Seaxna
rice; & +ta ricsode +a+telbald v gear.
<R 860.1>
Her +a+telbald cyng for+tferde, & his lic li+t +at
Sciraburnan, & feng +a+telbryht to allum +tam rice his 
bro+tur, & 
<P 68>
he hit heold on godre ge+tu+arnesse & on micelre
sibsumnesse; & on his d+age cuom micel sciphere 
up & abr+acon Wintanceastre.
<R 860.5>
& wi+t +tone here gefuhton Osric aldorman mid Hamtunscire, &
+a+telwulf aldormon mid Bearrucscire, & +tone 
here gefliemdon, & w+alstowe gewald ahton; & se +a+telbryht
ricsode v gear, & his lic li+t +at Scireburnan.
<R 865.1>
Her s+at h+a+ten here on Tenet, & genamon fri+t wi+t
Cantwarum, & Cantware him feoh geheton wi+t +tam fri+te, 
& under +tam fri+te & +tam feoh gehate se here hiene on
niht up best+al, & oferhergeade alle Cent eastewearde;
<R 866.1>
Her feng +a+tered +a+telbryhtes bro+tur to Wesseaxna rice; &
+ty ilcan geare cuom micel here on Angel cynnes 
lond, & wintersetl namon on East Englum, & +t+ar gehorsude
wurdon, & hie him fri+t [{wi+t{] namon.
<R 867.1>
Her for se here of East Englum ofer Humbre mu+tan to
Eoforwicceastre on Nor+thymbre, & +t+ar w+as micel 
unge+tu+arnes +t+are +teode betweox him selfum, & hie h+afdun
hiera cyning aworpenne Osbryht, & ungecyndne 
cyning underfengon +allan;
<R 867.5>
& hie late on geare to +tam gecirdon +t+at hie wi+t +tone
here winnende w+arun, & hie +teah micle fierd gegadrodon, 
& +tone here sohton +at Eoforwicceastre, & on +ta
ceastre br+acon, & hie sume inne wurdon, &
+t+ar was ungemetlic w+al gesl+agen Nor+tanhymbra, sume
binnan, sume butan;
<R 867.10>
& +ta cyningas begen ofsl+agene, & sio laf wi+t +tone here
fri+t nam; & +ty ilcan geare gefor Ealchstan biscep, 
& he h+afde +t+at bisceprice l wintra +at
Scireburnan, & his lic li+t +t+ar on tune.
<R 868.1>
Her for se ilca here innan Mierce to Snotengaham, & +t+ar
wintersetl namon; & Burgr+ad Miercna cyning 
& his wiotan b+adon +a+tered West Seaxna cyning & +alfred his
bro+tur +t+at hie him gefultumadon, +t+at hie 
wi+t +tone here gefuhton;
& +ta ferdon hie mid Wesseaxna fierde innan Mierce o+t
Snotengaham, & +tone here +t+ar metton on 
<P 70>
+tam geweorce, 
& +t+ar nan hefelic gefeoht ne wear+t, & Mierce fri+t
namon wi+t +tone here;
<R 869.1>
Her for se here eft to Eoforwicceastre, & +t+ar s+at i
gear.
<R 870.1>
Her rad se here ofer Mierce innan East Engle & wintersetl
namon. +at +teodforda, & +ty wintre Eadmund 
cyning him wi+t feaht, & +ta Deniscan sige namon, & +tone
cyning ofslogon, & +t+at lond all geeodon;
<R 870.4>
& +ty geare gefor Ceolno+t +arcebiscop. & +a+tered Wiltunscire
biscop wear+t gecoren to +arcebiscpe to Cantuareberi.
<R 871.1>
Her cuom se here to Readingum on West Seaxe, & +t+as ymb
iii niht ridon ii eorlas up;
<R 871.2>
+ta gemette hie +a+telwulf aldorman on Englafelda, & him +t+ar
wi+t gefeaht & sige nam;
<R 871.4>
+t+as ymb iiii niht +a+tered cyning & +alfred his bro+tur
+t+ar micle fierd to Readingum gel+addon, & wi+t 
+tone here gefuhton, & +t+ar w+as micel w+al gesl+agen on
gehw+a+tre hond, & +a+telwulf aldormon wear+t ofsl+agen, 
& +ta Deniscan ahton w+alstowe gewald;
<R 871.8>
& +t+as ymb iiii niht gefeaht +a+tered cyning & +alfred
his bro+tur wi+t alne +tone here on +ascesdune, & 
hie w+arun on tw+am gefylcum, on o+trum w+as Bachsecg &
Halfdene +ta h+a+tnan cyningas, & on o+trum w+aron +ta eorlas;
<R 871.12>
& +ta gefeaht se cyning +a+tered wi+t +tara cyninga getruman,
& +t+ar wear+t se cyning Bagsecg ofsl+agen;
<R 871.14>
& +alfred his bro+tur wi+t +tara eorla getruman, & +t+ar
wear+t Sidroc eorl ofsl+agen se alda, & Sidroc eorl 
se gioncga, & Osbearn eorl, & Fr+ana eorl, & Hareld eorl, &
+ta hergas begen gefliemde, & fela +tusenda 
ofsl+agenra, & onfeohtende w+aron o+t niht.
<R 871.18>
& +t+as ymb xiiii niht gefeaht +a+tered cyning & +alfred
his bro+dur wi+t +tone here +at Basengum, & +t+ar +ta 
Deniscan sige namon;
<R 871.21>
& +t+as ymb ii mona+t gefeaht +a+tered cyning & +alfred
his bro+tur wi+t +tone here +at Meretune, & hie 
<P 72>
w+arun 
on tu+am gefylcium, & hie butu gefliemdon, & longe on d+ag
sige ahton, & +t+ar wear+t micel w+alsliht 
on gehw+a+tere hond, & +ta Deniscan ahton w+alstowe gewald;
<R 871.25>
& +t+ar wear+t Heahmund biscep ofsl+agen, & fela godra monna;
& +after +tissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida; 
& +t+as ofer Eastron gefor +a+tered cyning, & he ricsode
v gear, & his lic li+t +at Winburnan.
<R 871.30>
+ta feng +alfred +a+telwulfing his bro+tur to Wesseaxna rice;
<R 871.31>
& +t+as ymb anne mona+t gefeaht +alfred cyning wi+t alne +tone
here lytle werede +at Wiltune, & hine longe
on d+ag gefliemde, & +ta Deniscan ahton w+alstowe gewald;
<R 871.33>
& +t+as geares wurdon viiii folc gefeoht gefohten wi+t
+tone here on +ty cynerice be su+tan Temese, & butan 
+tam +te him +alfred +t+as cyninges bro+tur, & anlipig
aldormon, & cyninges +tegnas oft rade onridon 
+te mon na ne rimde, & +t+as geares w+arun ofsl+agene
viiii eorlas & an cyning; & +ty geare namon West 
Seaxe fri+t wi+t +tone here.
<R 872.1>
Her for se here to Lundenbyrig from Readingum, & +t+ar
wintersetl nam, & +ta namon Mierce fri+t wi+t +tone here.
<R 873.1>
Her for se here on Nor+thymbre, & he nam wintersetl on
Lindesse +at Tureces iege, & +ta namon Mierce fri+t 
wi+t +tone here.
<R 874.1>
Her for se here from Lindesse to Hreopedune, & +t+ar
wintersetl nam, & +tone cyning Burgr+ad ofer s+a adr+afdon 
ymb xxii wintra +t+as +te he rice h+afde, & +t+at
lond all geeodon;
<R 874.3>
& he for to Rome & +t+ar ges+at & his lic li+t on Sancta
Marian ciricean on Angelcynnes scole;
<R 874.5>
& +ty ilcan geare hie sealdon anum unwisum cyninges +tegne
Miercna rice to haldanne, & he him a+tas swor 
& gislas salde, +t+at he him gearo w+are swa hwelce d+age
swa hie hit habban wolden, & he gearo w+are 
mid him selfum, & on allum +tam +te him l+astan woldon. to
+t+as heres +tearfe.
<R 875.1>
Her for se here from Hreopedune, & Healfdene for mid sumum
+tam here on Nor+thymbre. & nam wintersetl
<P 74>
be Tinan +t+are ea, & se here +t+at lond geeode. & oft
hergade on Peohtas, & on Str+acled Walas;
<R 875.4>
& for Godrum & Oscytel & Anwynd. +ta iii cyningas, of
Hreopedune to Grante brycge mid micle here,
& s+aton +t+ar an gear; & +ty sumera for +alfred cyning ut on
s+a mid sciphere, & gefeaht wi+t vii sciphl+astas, 
& hiera an gefeng. & +ta o+tru gefliemde.
<R 871.876>
Her hiene best+al se here into Werham Wesseaxna fierde, & wi+t
+tone here se cyning fri+t nam, & him +ta
a+tas sworon on +tam halgan beage, +te hie +ar nanre +teode
noldon, +t+at hie hr+adlice of his rice foren;
& hie +ta under +tam hie nihtes best+alon +t+are fierde se
gehorsoda here into Escanceaster;
<R 876.6>
& +ty geare Healfdene Nor+tanhymbra lond ged+alde. & ergende
w+aron & hiera tilgende.
<R 877.1>
Her cuom se here into Escanceastre from Werham, & se sciphere
sigelede west ymbutan, & +ta mette hie
micel yst on s+a, & +t+ar forwear+t cxx scipa +at
Swanawic;
<R 877.3>
& se cyning +alfred +after +tam gehorsudan here mid fierde rad
o+t Exanceaster & hie hindan ofridan ne 
meahte +ar hie on +tam f+astene w+aron, +t+ar him mon to ne
meahte; & hie him +t+ar foregislas saldon. swa 
fela swa he habban wolde, & micle a+tas sworon, & +ta godne
fri+t heoldon;
<R 877.8>
& +ta on h+arf+aste gefor se here on Miercna lond, & hit
ged+aldon sum, & sum Ceolwulfe saldon.
<R 878.1>
Her hiene best+al se here on midne winter ofer [{tuelftan{]
niht to Cippanhamme, & geridon Wesseaxna lond 
& ges+aton micel +t+as folces & ofer s+a adr+afdon, & +t+as
o+tres +tone m+astan d+al hie geridon, & him to
gecirdon buton +tam cyninge +alfrede. & he lytle werede
unie+telice +after wudum for, & on morf+astenum;
<R 878.6>
& +t+as ilcan wintra w+as Inw+ares bro+tur & Healfdenes on
West Seaxum on 
<P 76>
Defenascire mid xxiii scipum, 
& hiene mon +t+ar ofslog, & dccc monna mid him. & xl
monna his heres;
<R 878.9>
& +t+as on Eastron worhte +alfred cyning lytle werede geweorc
+at +a+telinga eigge, & of +tam geweorce was
winnende wi+t +tone here, & Sumurs+atna se d+al, se +t+ar
niehst w+as;
<R 878.12>
+ta on +t+are seofo+dan wiecan ofer Eastron he gerad to
Ecgbryhtes stane be eastan Sealwyda, & him to 
com mon +t+ar ongen Sumors+ate alle, & Wils+atan, & Hamtunscir
se d+al, se hiere behinon s+a was, & his gef+agene w+arun;
<R 878.16>
& he for ymb ane niht of +tam wicum to Iglea, & +t+as ymb ane
to E+tandune, & +t+ar gefeaht wi+t alne +tone
here, & hiene gefliemde, & him +after rad o+t +t+at geweorc,
& +t+ar s+at xiiii niht;
<R 878.20>
& +ta salde se here him foregislas & micle a+tas, +t+at hie of
his rice uuoldon, & him eac geheton +t+at 
hiera kyning fulwihte onfon wolde, & hie +t+at gel+aston swa;
<R 878.22>
& +t+as ymb iii wiecan com se cyning to him Godrum
+tritiga sum +tara monna +te in +tam here weor+tuste 
w+aron +at Alre, & +t+at is wi+t +a+telingga eige;
<R 878.25>
& his se cyning +t+ar onfeng +at fulwihte, & his crismlising
was +at We+tmor, & he was xii niht mid +tam 
cyninge, & he hine miclum & his geferan mid feo weor+dude.
<R 879.1>
Her for se here to Cirenceastre of Cippan hamme. & s+at +t+ar
an gear; & +ty geare gegadrode on hlo+t wicenga, 
& ges+at +at Fullan hamme be Temese; & +ty ilcan geare
a+tiestrode sio sunne ane tid d+ages.
<R 880.1>
Her for se here of Cirenceastre on East Engle, & ges+at +t+at
lond, & ged+alde.
<R 880.2>
& +ty ilcan geare for se here ofer s+a +te +ar on Fullan homme
s+at on Fronclond to Gend, & s+at +t+ar an gear.
<R 881.1>
Her for se here ufor on Fronclond, & +ta Francan him wi+t
gefuhton, & +t+ar +ta wear+t se here gehorsod +after 
+tam gefeohte.
<R 882.1>
Her for se here up on long M+ase feor on Fronclond, & +t+ar
s+at an gear.
<R 882.2>
& +ty ilcan geare for +alfred cyning mid scipum ut on s+a. &
gefeaht wi+t feower sciphl+astas 
<P 78>
Deniscra monna, 
& +tara scipa tu genam, & +ta men ofsl+agene w+aron +te
+d+ar on w+aron, & tuegen sciphl+astas him on 
hond eodon, & +ta w+aron miclum forsl+agene & forwundode +ar
hie on hond eodon.
<R 883.1>
Her for se here up on Scald to Cundo+t, & +t+ar s+at an gear.
<R 884.1>
Her for se here up on Sunnan to Embenum, & +t+ar s+at an gear.
<R 885.1>
Her tod+alde se foresprecena here on tu, o+ter d+al east.
o+ter d+al to Hrofesceastre; & ymbs+aton +da ceastre, 
& worhton o+ter f+asten ymb hie selfe. & hie +teah +ta
ceastre aweredon o+t+t+at +alfred com utan mid
fierde;
<R 885.4>
+ta eode se here to hiera scipum, & forlet +t+at geweorc. &
hie wurdon +t+ar behorsude, & sona +ty ilcan 
sumere ofer s+a gewiton;
<R 885.7>
& +ty ilcan geare sende +alfred cyning sciphere on East Engle;
sona swa hie comon on Stufemu+tan, +ta metton 
hie xvi scipu wicenga, & wi+t +da gefuhton, & +ta
scipo alle ger+ahton, & +ta men ofslogon;
<R 885.10>
+ta hie +ta hamweard wendon mid +t+are here hy+te, +ta metton
hie micelne sciphere wicenga, & +ta wi+t +ta 
gefuhton +ty ilcan d+age, & +ta Deniscan ahton sige;
<R 885.13>
+ty ilcan geare +ar middum wintra. for+tferde Carl Francna
cyning, & hiene ofslog an efor, & ane geare
+ar his bro+dur for+tferde, se h+afde eac +t+at westrice, &
hie w+aron begen Hlo+twiges suna.
<R 885.16>
Se h+afde eac +t+at westrice, & for+tferde +ty geare +te sio
sunne a+tiestrode.
<R 885.18>
Se w+as Karles sunu +te +a+telwulf West Seaxna cyning his
dohtor h+afde him to cuene.
<R 885.19>
& +ty ilcan geare gegadrode micel sciphere on Aldseaxum, &
+t+ar wear+t micel gefeoht tua on geare, & +ta 
Seaxan h+afdun sige, & +t+ar w+aron Frisan mid.
<R 885.22>
+ty ilcan geare feng Carl to +tam westrice, & to allum +tam
westrice behienan Wendels+a, & begeondan +tisse 
s+a, swa hit his +tridda f+ader h+afde, butan Lidwiccium.
<R 885.24>
Se 
<P 80>
Carl was Hlo+twiges sunu, se Hlo+twig was Carles bro+tur,
se w+as Iu+tyttan f+ader +te +a+telwulf cyning 
h+afde, & hie w+aron Hlo+twiges suna, se Hlo+twig was +t+as
aldan Carles sunu, se Carl was Pippenes sunu.
<R 885.28>
& +ty ilcan geare for+tferde se goda papa Marinus, se gefreode
Ongelcynnes scole be +alfredes bene West 
Seaxna cyninges, & he sende him micla gifa, & +t+are rode
d+al +te Crist on +trowude.
<R 885.31>
& +ty ilcan geare se here on East Englum br+ac fri+t wi+t
+alfred cyning.
<R 886.1>
Her for se here eft west +te +ar east gelende, & +ta up on
Sigene, & +t+ar winter setl namon.
<R 886.2>
+ty ilcan geare gesette +alfred cyning Lundenburg, & him all
Angelcyn to cirde, +t+at buton Deniscra monna 
h+aftniede was, & hie +ta bef+aste +ta burg +a+terede
aldormen to haldonne.
<R 887.1>
Her for se here up +turh +ta brycge +at Paris, & +ta up
andlang Sigene o+t M+aterne, o+t Cariei; & +ta s+aton 
+tara & innan Ionan tu winter on +tam twam stedum;
<R 887.3>
& +ty ilcan geare for+tferde Karl Francna cyning, & Earnulf
his bro+tur sunu hine vi wicum +ar he for+tferde 
ber+adde +at +tam rice, & +ta wear+t +t+at rice
tod+aled on v & v kyningas to gehalgode.
<R 887.7>
+t+at w+as +teah mid Earnulfes ge+tafunge, & hi cu+adon +t+at
hie +t+at to his honda healdan sceoldon. for+t+am
hira nan n+as on f+adren healfe to geboren. buton him anum.
<R 887.10>
Earnulf +ta wunode on +t+am londe be eastan Rin, & Ro+tulf +ta
feng to +t+am middelrice, & Oda to +t+am westd+ale, 
& Beorngar & Wi+ta to Longbeardna londe, & to +t+am
londum on +ta healfe muntes, & +t+at heoldun mid 
micelre unsibbe, & tu folc gefeoht gefuhton, & +t+at lond
oft & gelome forhergodon, & +aghw+a+ter o+terne 
oftr+adlice utdr+afde;
<R 887.16>
& +ty ilcan geare +te se here for for+t up ofer +ta brycge +at
Paris.
<R 887.17>
+a+telhelm aldormon l+adde Wesseaxna +almessan & +alfredes
cyninges to Rome.
<R 888.1>
Her l+adde Beocca aldormon Wesseaxna +almessan 
<P 82>
& +alfredes
cyninges to Rome. & +a+telswi+t cuen, sio w+as 
+alfredes sweostor cyninges, for+tferde, & hire lic li+t +at
Pafian; & +ty ilcan geare +a+telred ercebiscep 
& +a+telwold aldormon. for+tferdon on anum mon+te.
<R 889.1>
On +tissum geare n+as nan f+areld to Rome, buton tuegen
hleaperas +alfred cyning sende mid gewritum.
<R 890.1>
Her l+adde Beornhelm abbod West Seaxna +almessan to Rome &
+alfredes cyninges; & Godrum se nor+terna cyning 
for+tferde, +t+as fulluht nama w+as +a+telstan, se w+as
+alfredes cyninges godsunu, & he bude on East 
Englum, & +t+at lond +arest ges+at;
<R 890.5>
& +ty ilcan geare for se here of Sigene to Sant Laudan, +t+at
is butueoh Brettum & Francum, & Brettas 
him wi+t gefuhton, & h+afdon sige, & hie bedrifon ut on ane
ea, & monige adrencton.
<R 890.9>
Her w+as Plegemund gecoron of Gode & of eallen his halechen.
<R 891.1>
Her for se here east. & Earnulf cyning gefeaht wi+d +d+am
r+ade here +ar +ta scipu cuomon, mid East Francum, 
& Seaxum, & B+agerum. & hine gefliemde;
<R 891.3>
& +trie Scottas comon to +alfrede cyninge, on anum bate butan
+alcum gere+trum of Hibernia, +tonon hi hi
best+alon for+ton +te hi woldon for Godes lufan on
el+tiodignesse beon, hi ne rohton hw+ar.
<R 891.7>
Se bat w+as geworht of +triddan healfre hyde +te hi on foron,
& hi namon mid him +t+at hi h+afdun to seofon 
nihtum mete; & +ta comon hie ymb vii niht to londe on
Cornwalum. & foron +ta sona to +alfrede cyninge;
<R 891.10>
+tus hie w+aron genemnde, Dubslane & Maccbethu. & Maelinmun. &
Swifneh se betsta lareow +te on Scottum
w+as gefor.
<R 892.1>
& +ty ilcan geare ofer Eastron. ymbe gang dagas o+t+te +ar,
+ateowde se steorra +te mon on bocl+aden h+at cometa,
<R 892.3>
same [^sume IN The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ED. J. M. BATELY,
1986, P. 55^] men cwe+ta+t on Englisc
+t+at hit sie feaxede steorra.
for+t+am +t+ar stent lang leoma of, hwilum on ane 
healfe hwilum on +alce healfe:
<P 84>
<R 893.1>
Her on +tysum geare for se micla here. +te we gefyrn ymbe
spr+acon, eft of +t+am eastrice westweard to Bunnan. 
& +t+ar wurdon gescipode, swa +t+at hie asettan him on
anne si+t ofer mid horsum mid ealle, & +ta 
comon up on Limene mu+tan. mid ccl hunde scipa.
<R 893.5>
se mu+ta is on easte weardre Cent. +at +t+as miclan wuda
eastende +te we Andred hata+d; se wudu is eastlang 
& westlang hundtwelftiges mila lang o+t+te lengra, &
+tritiges mila brad; seo ea +te we +ar ymbe spr+acon 
li+d ut of +t+am wealda;
<R 893.9>
on +ta ea hi tugon up hiora scipu o+t +tone weald iiii
mila fram +t+am mu+tan uteweardum. & +t+ar abr+acon
an geweorc. inne on +t+am [{f+astenne{] s+aton feawa cirlisce
men on, & w+as sam worht.
<R 893.14>
+ta sona +after +t+am com H+asten mid lxxx scipa up on
Temese mu+dan, & worhte him geweorc +at Middeltune, 
& se o+ter here +at Apuldre.
<R 894.1>
On +tys geare, +t+at w+as ymb twelf mona+d +t+as +te hie on
+t+am eastrice geweorc geworht h+afdon, Nor+thymbre
& East Engle h+afdon +alfrede cyninge a+tas geseald, & East
Engle foregisla vi & +teh ofer +ta treowa, 
swa oft swa +ta o+tre hergas mid ealle herige utforon,
+tonne foron hie, o+t+te mid, o+t+te on heora healfe on.
<R 894.6>
+ta gegaderade +alfred cyning his fierd, & for +t+at he
gewicode betwuh +t+am twam hergum. +t+ar +t+ar he niehst 
rymet h+afde for wuduf+astenne ond for w+aterf+astenne swa
+t+at he mehte +ag+terne ger+acan gif hie +anigne 
feld secan wolden;
<R 894.11>
+ta foron hie si+t+tan +after +t+am wealda hlo+tum & floc
radum. bi swa hwa+terre efes swa hit +tonne fierdleas 
w+as. & him mon eac mid o+trum floccum sohte m+astra daga
+alce, [{o+t+te{] [{on{] [{d+ag{] o+t+te on niht. ge of
+t+are fierde, ge eac of +t+am burgum;
<R 894.15>
h+afde se cyning his fierd on tu tonumen, swa +t+at hie w+aron
simle healfe +at ham, healfe ute, butan +t+am 
monnum +te +ta burga healdan scolden.
<R 894.17>
ne com se here oftor eall ute of +t+am setum +tonne tuwwa.
o+tre si+te +ta hie +arest to londe comon, +ar sio 
fierd gesamnod w+are, o+tre 
<P 85>
si+te +ta hie of +t+am setum
faran woldon;
<R 894.20>
+ta hie gefengon micle here hy+d, & +ta woldon ferian
nor+tweardes ofer Temese in on East Seaxe ongean +ta scipu.
<R 894.22>
+ta forrad sio fierd hie foran, & him wi+d gefeaht +at
Fearnhamme, & +tone here gefliemde, & +ta here hy+ta 
ahreddon, & hie flugon ofer Temese buton +alcum forda +ta
up be Colne on anne igga+d.
<R 894.26>
+ta bes+at sio fierd hie +t+ar utan +ta hwile +te hie +t+ar
lengest mete h+afdon.
<R 894.27>
Ac hie h+afdon +ta heora 
<P 86>
stemn gesetenne, & hiora mete
genotudne, & w+as se cyng +ta +tiderweardes on f+are. 
mid +t+are scire +te mid him fierdedon;
<R 894.30>
+ta he +ta w+as +tiderweardes, & sio o+teru fierd w+as
hamweardes, & +da Deniscan s+aton +t+ar behindan, for+t+am 
hiora cyning w+as gewundod on +t+am gefeohte, +t+at hi
hine ne mehton ferian;
<R 894.34>
+ta gegaderedon +ta +te in Nor+thymbrum bugea+d, & on East
Englum, sum hund scipa, & foron su+d ymbutan, 
& sum feowertig scipa nor+t ymbutan, & ymbs+aton an geweorc on
Defna scire be +t+are nor+t s+a;
<R 894.37>
& +ta +te su+d ymbutan foron. ymb s+aton Exancester.
<R 894.38>
+ta se cyng +t+at hierde, +ta wende he hine west wi+d
Exanceastres mid ealre +t+are fierde, buton swi+te gewaldenum 
d+ale easteweardes +t+as folces.
<R 894.41>
+ta foron for+d o+t+te hie comon to Lundenbyrg, & +ta mid
+t+am burgwarum & +t+am fultume +te him westan com,
foron east to Beamfleote;
<R 894.43>
w+as H+asten +ta +t+ar cumen mid his herge, +te +ar +at
Middeltune s+at. & eac se micla here w+as +ta +t+ar tocumen, 
+te +ar on Limene mu+tan s+at +at Apuldre;
<R 894.46>
h+afde H+asten +ar geworht +t+at geweorc +at Beamfleote, &
w+as +ta utafaren on herga+t, & w+as se micla here
+at ham;
<R 894.48>
+ta foron hie to & gefliemdon +tone here, & +t+at geweorc
abr+acon, & genamon eal +t+at +t+ar binnan w+as, ge
on feo. ge on wifum, ge eac on bearnum, & brohton eall in to
Lundenbyrig, & +ta scipu eall o+d+te tobr+acon, 
o+t+te forb+arndon, o+t+te to Lundenbyrig brohton
o+t+te to Hrofesceastre.
<R 894.52>
& H+astenes wif & his suna twegen mon brohte to +t+am cyninge,
& he hi him eft ageaf, for+t+am +te hiora 
w+as o+ter his godsunu, o+ter +a+deredes ealdormonnes;
<R 894.55>
h+afdon hi hiora onfangen +ar H+asten to Beamfleote come, & he
him h+afde geseald gislas & a+das, & se cyng 
him eac wel feoh sealde, & eac swa +ta he +tone cniht agef
& +t+at wif.
<R 894.58>
ac sona 
<P 87>
w+as. swa hergode he on his rice +tone ilcan ende +te
+a+tered his cump+ader healdan sceolde, & eft 
o+tre si+te he w+as on herga+d gelend on +t+at ilce rice
+ta +ta mon his geweorc abr+ac.
<R 894.62>
+ta se cyning hine +ta west wende mid +t+are fierde wi+d
Exancestres. swa ic +ar s+ade, & se here +ta burg 
beseten h+afde;
<R 894.64>
+ta he +t+ar togefaren w+as, +ta eodon hie to hiora scipum.
<R 894.66>
+ta he +ta wi+d +tone here +t+ar w+ast abisgod w+as, & +ta
hergas w+aron +ta gegaderode begen to Sceobyrig on 
East Seaxum, & +t+ar geweorc worhtun.
<R 894.68>
foron begen +atg+adere up be Temese, & him com micel eaca to.
+ag+ter ge of East Englum, ge of Nor+thymbrum.
<R 894.70>
Foron +ta up be Temese o+t+t+at hie gedydon +at S+aferne, +ta
up be S+aferne.
<R 894.71>
+ta gegaderode +a+tered ealdormon, & +a+telm ealdorman. &
+a+telno+t ealdorman, & +ta cinges +tegnas +te +ta +at
ham +at +t+am geweorcum w+aron, of +alcre byrig be eastan
Pedredan, ge be westan Sealwuda ge be eastan,
ge eac be nor+tan Temese, & be westan S+afern, ge eac sum
d+al +t+as Nor+d Weal cynnes.
<R 894.77>
+ta hie +ta ealle gegaderode w+aron, +ta offoron hie +tone
here hindan +at Buttingtune. on S+aferne sta+te,
& hine +t+ar utan bes+aton on +alce healfe, on anum
f+astenne.
<R 894.80>
+ta hie +da fela wucena s+aton on twa healfe [{+t+are{] e, &
se cyng w+as west on Defnum wi+t +tone sciphere, 
+ta w+aron hie mid metelieste gew+agde, & h+afdon miclne d+al
+tara horsa freten. & +ta o+tre w+aron hungre acwolen.
<R 894.83>
+ta eodon hie ut to +d+am monnum +te on easthealfe +t+are e
wicodon, & him wi+t gefuhton, & +ta Cristnan h+afdon 
sige;
<R 894.85>
& +t+ar wear+d Ordheh cyninges +tegn ofsl+agen, & eac monige
o+tre cyninges +tegnas, & +tara Deniscra +t+ar wear+d 
swi+te mycel w+al geslegen, & se d+al +te +t+ar aweg com
wurdon 
<P 88>
on fleame generede.
<R 894.89>
+ta hie on East Seaxe comon to hiora geweorce. & to hiora
scipum. +ta gegaderade sio laf eft of East 
Englum, & of Nor+dhymbrum. micelne here onforan winter. &
bef+aston hira wif, & hira scipu, & hira feoh 
on East Englum, & foron anstreces d+ages & nihtes, +t+at
hie gedydon on anre westre ceastre on Wirhealum, 
seo is Legaceaster gehaten;
<R 894.95>
+ta ne mehte seo fird hie na hindan offaran, +ar hie w+aron
inne on +t+am geweorce;
<R 894.96>
bes+aton +teah +t+at geweorc utan sume twegen dagas, & genamon
ceapes eall +t+at +t+ar buton w+as, & +ta men 
ofslogon +te hie foran forridan mehton butan geweorce, & +t+at
corn eall forb+arndon, & mid hira horsum
fretton on +alcre efeneh+de.
<R 894.100>
& +t+at w+as ymb twelf mona+d +t+as +te hie +ar hider ofer s+a
comon.
<R 895.1>
Ond +ta sona +after +t+am on +dys gere for se here of
Wirheale in on Nor+d Wealas. for+t+am hie +d+ar sittan
ne mehton; +t+at w+as for+dy +te hie w+aron benumene +ag+der
ge +t+as ceapes, ge +t+as cornes, +de hie gehergod
h+afdon;
<R 895.4>
+ta hie +da eft ut of Nor+d Wealum wendon mid +t+are here
hy+de +te hie +d+ar genumen h+afdon, +ta foron hie ofer 
Nor+dhymbra lond & East Engla, swa swa sio fird hie
ger+acan ne mehte, o+t+t+at hie comon on East Seaxna 
lond easteweard, on an igland +t+at is ute on +t+are s+a,
+t+at is Meres ig haten.
<R 895.10>
& +ta se here eft hamweard wende. +te Exanceaster beseten
h+afde, +ta hergodon hie up on Su+d Seaxum neah 
Cisseceastre, & +ta burgware hie gefliemdon, & hira monig
hund ofslogon, & hira scipu sumu genamon.
<R 895.14>
+da +ty ylcan gere onforan winter +ta Deniscan +te on Meres
ige s+aton. tugon hira scipu up on Temese, &
+ta up 
<P 89>
on Lygan; +t+at w+as ymb twa ger +t+as +te hie hider
ofer s+a comon.
<R 896.1>
On +ty ylcan gere worhte se foresprecena here geweorc be Lygan
xx mila bufan Lundenbyrig.
<R 896.2>
+ta +t+as on sumera foron micel d+al +tara burgwara, & eac swa
o+tres folces, +t+at hie gedydon +at +tara Deniscana 
geweorce, & +t+ar wurdon gefliemde, & sume feower
cyninges +tegnas ofsl+agene.
<R 896.6>
+ta +t+as on h+arf+aste +ta wicode se cyng on neaweste +tare
byrig, +ta hwile +te hie hira corn gerypon, +t+at
+ta Deniscan him ne mehton +t+as ripes forwiernan.
<R 896.8>
+ta sume d+age rad se cyng up be +t+are e+a, & gehawade hw+ar
mon mehte +ta ea forwyrcan, +t+at hie ne mehton 
+ta scipu ut brengan.
<R 896.11>
& hie +da swa dydon. worhton +da tu geweorc. on twa healfe
+t+are eas.
<R 896.12>
+ta hie +da +t+at geweorc fur+tum ongunnen h+afdon, & +t+ar to
gewicod h+afdon. +ta onget se here +t+at hie ne 
mehton +ta scypu ut brengan;
<R 896.14>
+ta forleton hie hie, & eodon ofer land +t+at hie gedydon +at
Cwatbrycge be S+afern, & +t+ar gewerc worhton.
<R 896.16>
+ta rad seo fird west +after +t+am herige, & +ta men of
Lundenbyrig gefetedon +ta scipu, & +ta ealle +te hie 
al+adan ne mehton tobr+acon, & +ta +te +t+ar st+alwyr+de
w+aron binnan Lundenbyrig gebrohton;
<R 896.19>
& +ta Deniscan h+afdon hira wif bef+ast innan East Engle +ar
hie ut of +t+am geweorce foron;
<R 896.21>
+ta s+aton hie +tone winter +at Cwatbrycge.
<R 896.22>
+t+at w+as ymb +treo ger +t+as +te hie on Limene mu+dan comon
hider ofer s+a.
<R 897.1>
+da +t+as on sumera on +dysum gere tofor se here, sum on East
Engle, sum on Nor+dhymbre, & +ta +te feohlease 
w+aron him +t+ar scipu begeton, & su+d ofer s+a foron to
Sigene.
<R 897.5>
N+afde se here, Godes +tonces. Angelcyn ealles for swi+de
gebrocod;
<R 897.6>
Ac hie w+aron micle swi+tor gebrocede on 
<P 90>
+t+am +trim gearum
mid ceapes cwilde & monna, ealles swi+tost mid 
+t+am +t+at manige +tara selestena cynges +tena +te +t+ar
on londe w+aron for+dferdon on +t+am +trim gearum;
<R 897.10>
+tara w+as sum Swi+dulf biscop on Hrofesceastre, & Ceolmund
ealdormon on Cent, & Beorhtulf ealdormon on 
East Seaxum, & Wulfred ealdormon on Hamtunscire, & Ealhheard
biscop +at Dorceceastre, & Eadulf cynges 
+tegn on Su+d SEaxum, & Beornulf wicgefera on
Winteceastre, & Ecgulf cynges hors+tegn, & manige eac 
him +teh ic +da ge+dungnestan nemde.
<R 897.17>
+ty ilcan geare drehton +ta hergas on East Englum & on
Nor+dhymbrum West Seaxna lond swi+de be +t+am su+dst+a+de 
mid st+alhergum, ealra swi+tust mid +d+am +ascum +te
hie fela geara +ar timbredon.
<R 897.20>
+ta het +alfred cyng timbran lang scipu ongen +da +ascas; +ta
w+aron fulneah tu swa lange swa +ta o+dru. sume 
h+afdon lx ara. sume ma.
<R 897.22>
+ta w+aron +ag+der ge swiftran ge unwealtran, ge eac hieran
+tonne +ta o+dru. n+aron naw+der ne on Fresisc gesc+apene 
ne on Denisc, bute swa him selfum +duhte +t+at hie
nytwyr+doste beon meahten.
<R 897.26>
+ta +at sumum cirre +t+as ilcan geares comon +t+ar sex scipu
to Wiht, & +t+ar micel yfel gedydon, +ag+der ge 
on Defenum ge welhw+ar be +d+am s+a riman.
<R 897.28>
+ta het se cyng faran mid nigonum to +tara niwena scipa, &
forforon him +tone mu+dan foran on utermere;
<R 897.30>
+ta foron hie mid +trim scipum ut ongen hie, & +treo stodon
+at ufeweardum +t+am mu+dan on drygum, w+aron +ta 
men uppe on londe of agane, +ta gefengon hie +tara +treora
scipa tu +at +d+am mu+dan uteweardum, & +ta men 
ofslogon, & +t+at an o+dwand;
<R 897.34>
on +t+am w+aron eac +ta men ofsl+agene buton fifum.
<R 897.35>
+ta comon for+dy on weg +de +dara o+terra scipu as+aton, +ta
wurdon eac swi+de une+delice 
<P 91>
aseten.
<R 897.37>
+treo as+aton on +da healfe +t+as deopes +de +da Deniscan
scipu aseten w+aron, & +ta o+dru eall on o+tre healfe, 
+t+at hira ne mehte nan to o+drum.
<R 897.39>
Ac +da +t+at w+ater w+as ahebbad fela furlanga from +t+am
scipum. +ta eodan +da Deniscan from +t+am +trim scipum
to +t+am o+drum +trim +te on hira healfe beebbade w+aron, &
hie +ta +t+ar gefuhton.
<R 897.42>
+t+ar wear+d ofsl+agen Lucumon cynges gerefa. & Wulfheard
Friesa. & +abbe Friesa, & +a+delhere Friesa, & +a+delfer+d 
cynges geneat, & ealra monna Fresiscra & Engliscra
lxii & +tara Deniscena cxx +ta com +t+am
Deniscum scipum +teh +ar flod to, +ar +ta Cristnan mehten
hira utascufan, & hie for+dy ut o+dreowon;
<R 897.48>
+ta w+aron hie to +t+am gesargode. +t+at hie ne mehton Su+d
Seaxna lond utan berowan, ac hira +t+ar tu s+a on
lond wearp.
<R 897.50>
& +ta men mon l+adde to Winteceastre to +t+am cynge, & he hie
+d+ar ahon het.
<R 897.51>
& +ta men comon on East Engle. +te on +t+am anum scipe w+aron.
swi+de forwundode.
<R 897.53>
+ty ilcan sumera forwear+d nol+as +tonne xx scipa mid
monnum mid ealle. be +tam su+d riman.
<R 897.54>
+ty ilcan gere for+dferde Wulfric cynges hors+degn, se w+as
eac Wealh gefera.
<R 898.1>
Her on +tysum gere gefor +a+delm Wiltunscire ealdormon, nigon
nihtum +ar middum sumere.
<R 898.2>
& her for+dferde Heahstan, se w+as on Lundenne biscop.
<R 901.1>
Her gefor +alfred A+tulfing, syx nihtum +ar ealra haligra
m+assan; Se w+as cyning ofer eall Ongelcyn butan 
+d+am d+ale +te under Dena onwalde w+as, & he heold +t+at
rice. 
<P 92>
o+trum healfum l+as +te xxx wintra. & +ta 
feng Eadweard his sunu to rice.
<R 901.6>
+ta gerad +a+delwald his f+adran sunu. +tone ham +at
Winburnan, & +at Tweoxn eam butan +d+as cyninges leafe 
& his witena.
<R 901.8>
+ta rad se cyning mid firde +d+at he gewicode +at Baddan byrig
wi+d Winburnan, & +a+delwald s+at binnan +t+am
ham mid +t+am monnum +te him to gebugon, & h+afde ealle +ta
geatu forworht in to him, & s+ade +t+at he wolde 
o+der o+d+de +t+ar libban o+d+de +t+ar licgan.
<R 901.12>
+ta under +t+am +ta best+al he hine on niht on weg, & gesohte
+tone here on Nor+dhymbrum, & se cyng het ridan 
+after, & +ta ne mehte hine mon ofridan;
<R 901.15>
+ta berad mon +t+at wif +t+at he h+afde +ar genumen butan
cynges leafe & ofer +tara biscopa gebod, for+don 
+de heo w+as +ar to nunnan gehalgod.
<R 901.17>
& on +tys ilcan gere for+dferde +a+tered. w+as on Defenum
ealdormon, feower wucum +ar +alfred cyning.
<R 903.1>
Her gefor A+tulf ealdormon Ealhswi+de bro+dor & Uirgilius
abbud of Scottum. & Grimbald m+assepreost. (\viii 
idus Iulii\) .
<R 904.1>
Her com +a+delwald hider ofer s+a mid +t+am flotan +te he mid
w+as on East Sexe.
<R 905.1>
Her aspon +a+delwald +tone here on East Englum to unfri+de,
+t+at hie hergodon ofer Mercnaland o+d hie comon 
to Crecca gelade, & foron +t+ar ofer Temese, & namon
+ag+der ge on Bradene ge +d+ar ymbutan eall +t+at hie 
gehentan mehton, & wendan +da eft hamweard;
<R 905.5>
+ta for Eadweard 
<P 94>
cyning +after, swa he ra+dost mehte his fird
gegadrian, & oferhergade eall hira land
betwuh dicum & Wusan. eall o+d +da fennas nor+d;
<R 905.8>
+ta he +da eft +tonan utfaran wolde, +ta het he beodan ofer
ealle +ta fird +t+at hie foron ealle ut +at somne.
<R 905.10>
+ta +ats+aton +da Centiscan +t+ar be+aftan ofer his bebod, &
seofon +arendracan he him h+afde to asend.
<R 905.11>
+ta befor se here hie +d+ar, & hie +d+ar gefuhton, & +t+ar
wear+d Sigulf ealdormon ofsl+agen, & Sigelm ealdormon, 
& Eadwold cynges +degen, & Cenulf abbod, & Sigebreht
Sigulfes sunu, & Eadwald Accan sunu, & monige 
eac him, +teh ic +da ge+dungnestan nemde.
<R 905.16>
& on +dara Deniscena healfe wear+d ofsl+agen Eohric hira cyng,
& +a+delwald +a+deling +de hine to +t+am unfri+de 
gespon, & Byrhtsige Beorno+des sunu +a+delinges. & Ysopa
hold, & Oscytel hold, & swi+de monige eac him, 
+te we nu genemnan ne magon;
<R 905.20>
& +t+ar w+as on gehw+a+dre hond micel w+al gesl+agen, & +tara
Deniscena +t+ar wear+d ma ofsl+agen, +teh hie w+alstowe 
gewald ahton.
<R 905.24>
& Ealhswi+d gefor +ty ilcan geare.
<R 906.1>
Her on +tys geare gefor +alfred, w+as +at Ba+dum gerefa.
& on +t+am ilcan gere mon f+astnode +tone fri+d +at Yttinga
forda, swa swa Eadweard cyng ger+adde, +ag+der wi+d 
East Engle ge wi+d Nor+dhymbre.
<R 909.1>
Her gefor Denulf, se w+as on Winteceastre biscop;
Her feng Fri+destan to biscopdome on Winteceastre, & Asser
biscop gefor +after +d+am, se w+as +at Scireburnan biscop.
<R 910.3>
& +ty ilcan gere sende Eadweard cyng firde +ag+der ge of West
Seaxum ge of Mercum, & heo gehergade swi+de 
micel on +t+am nor+dhere, +ag+der ge on mannum 
<P 96>
ge on
gehwelces cynnes yrfe, & manega men ofslogon +tara 
Deniscena. & +t+ar w+aron fif wucan inne.
<R 911.1>
Her br+ac se here on Nor+dhymbrum +tone fri+d, & forsawon +alc
fri+d +te Eadweard cyng & his witan him budon. 
& hergodon ofer Mercna lond;
<R 911.3>
& se cyng h+afde gegadrod sum hund scipa. & w+as +ta on Cent,
& +ta scipu foran be su+dan east andlang s+a togenes him.
<R 911.5>
+ta wende se here +t+at his fultumes se m+asta d+al w+are on
+t+am scipum, & +t+at hie mehten faran unbefohtene 
+t+ar +t+ar hie wolden.
<R 911.8>
+ta geascade se cyng +t+at +t+at hie ut on herga+d foron, +ta
sende he his fird +ag+der ge of West Seaxum ge
of Mercum, & hie offoron +done here hindan, +ta he hamweard
w+as, & him +ta wi+t gefuhton, & +tone here 
gefliemdon, & his fela +tusenda ofslogon, & +t+ar w+as Ecwils
cyng ofsl+agen.
<R 912.1>
Her gefor +a+dered ealdormon on Mercum; & Eadweard cyng feng
to Lundenbyrg & to Oxnaforda, & to +d+am 
landum eallum +te +t+ar to hierdon.
<R 913.1>
Her on +tys geare ymb Martines m+assan het Eadweard cyning
atimbran +ta nor+dran burg +at Heorotforda betweox 
Memeran & Beneficcan & Lygean;
<R 913.3>
& +ta +after +tam +t+as on sumera. betweox gangdagum & middum
sumera, +ta for Eadweard cyning mid sumum his 
fultume on East Seaxe to M+aldune. & wicode +t+ar +ta hwile
+te man +ta burg worhte & getimbrede +at Witham;
<R 913.7>
& him beag god d+al +t+as folces to +te +ar under Deniscra
manna anwalde w+aron, & sum his fultum worhte 
+ta burg +ta hwile +at Heorotforda on su+thealfe Lygean.
<P 98>
<R 917.1>
Her on +tys gere rad se here ut ofer Eastron of Hamtune, & of
Ligeraceastre. & br+acon +tone fri+t. & 
slogon monige men +at Hocneratune, & +t+ar onbutan;
<R 917.3>
& +ta swi+de ra+te +after +t+am, swa +ta o+tre ham comon, +ta
fundon hie o+tre flocrade, +t+at rad ut wi+d Lygtunes, 
& +ta wurdon +ta landleode his ware, & him wi+t gefuhton,
& gebrohton hie on fullum fleame, & ahreddon 
eall +t+at hie genumen h+afdon, & eac hira horsa & hira
w+apna micelne d+al:
<R 918.1>
Her on +tysum geare com micel sciphere hider ofer su+tan of
Lidwiccum, & twegen eorlas mid, Ohtor & Hroald, 
& foron west onbutan +t+at hie gedydon innan S+aferne
mu+tan, & hergodon on Nor+t Wealas +aghw+ar be 
+tam s+a, +t+ar hie +tonne on hagode;
<R 918.5>
& gefengon Cameleac biscop on Ircinga felda, & l+addon hine
mid him to scipum, & +ta aliesde Eadweard
cyning hine eft mid xl pundum.
<R 918.7>
+ta +after +tam for se here eall up, & wolde faran +ta giet on
herga+t wi+d Ircingafeldes; +ta gemetton +ta
men hie of Hereforda & of Gleaweceastre. & of +tam niehstum
burgum, & him wi+d gefuhton, & hie gefliemdon;
<R 918.11>
& ofslogon +tone eorl Hroald & +t+as o+tres eorles bro+tor
Ohteres, & micel +t+as heres. & bedrifon hie on
anne pearruc, & bes+aton hie +t+ar utan, o+t+te hie him
sealdon gislas, +t+at hie of Eadweardes cyninges 
anwalde afaran woldon;
<R 918.15>
& se cyng h+afde funden +t+at him mon s+at wi+t on su+thealfe
S+afernmu+tan, westan from Wealum, east o+t Afenemu+tan, 
+t+at hie ne dorston +t+at land nawer gesecan on
+ta healfe;
<R 918.18>
+ta best+alon hie hie +teah nihtes upp +at sumum twam cirron,
+at o+trum cierre be eastan W+aced, & +at o+trum 
cierre +at Portlocan;
<R 918.21>
+ta slog hie mon +at +ag+trum cirre, +t+at hira feawa on weg
comon, buton +ta ane +te +t+ar ut +atswummon to 
+tam scipum, & +ta s+aton hie ute on +tam iglande +at Bradan
Relice, o+t +tone first +te hie wurdon swi+te metelease, 
& monige men hungre acw+alon, for+ton hie ne meahton
<P 100>
nanne mete ger+acan;
<R 918.26>
foran +ta +tonan to Deomodum, & +ta ut to Irlande. & +tis w+as
on h+arfest;
<R 918.27>
& +ta +after +tam on +tam ilcan gere foran to Martines
m+assan, +da for Eadweard cyning to Buccingahamme 
mid his firde, & s+at +t+ar feower wucan, & geworhte +ta burga
buta on +ag+tere healfe eas +ar he +tonon fore;
<R 918.31>
& +turcytel eorl hine gesohte him to hlaforde, & +ta holdas
ealle, & +ta ieldstan men ealle m+aste +de to 
Bedanforda hierdon, & eac monige +tara +te to Hamtune
hierdon.
<R 919.1>
Her on +tys gere Eadweard cyng for mid fierde to Bedanforda
foran to Martines m+assan, & beget +ta burg, 
& him cirdon to m+ast ealle +ta burgware +te hie +ar budon,
& he s+at +t+ar feower wucan, & het atimbran 
+ta burg on su+t healfe +t+are eas +ar he +tonan fore:
<R 920.1>
Her on +tys gere foran to middum sumera for Eadweard cyning to
M+aldune, & getimbrede +ta burg & gesta+dolode 
+ar he +tonon fore;
<R 920.3>
& +ty ilcan geare for +turcytel eorl ofer s+a on Froncland.
mid +tam mannum +te him gel+astan woldon. mid
Eadweardes cynges fri+te & fultume.
<P 101>
<R 921.1>
Her on +tysum gere foran to Eastron Eadweard cyning het
gefaran +ta burg +at Tofeceastre. & hie getimbran;
<R 921.3>
& +ta eft +after +tam on +tam ilcan geare to gangdagum he het
atimbran +ta burg +at Wiginga mere;
<R 921.5>
+ty ilcan sumera betwix hlafm+assan & middum sumera se here
br+ac +tone fri+t of Hamtune, & of Ligeraceastre, 
& +tonan nor+tan, & foron to Tofeceastre, & fuhton on
+ta burg ealne d+ag, & +tohton +t+at hie hie sceolden 
abrecen;
<R 921.8>
ac hie +teah awerede +t+at folc +te +t+ar binnan w+as o+t him
mara fultum tocom, & hie forleton +ta +ta burg,
& foron aweg;
<R 921.10>
& +ta eft swi+de ra+te +after +tam hie foron eft ut mid
st+alherge nihtes, & comon on ungearwe men, & genomon 
unlytel, +ag+ter ge on mannum, ge on ierfe. betweox
Byrnewuda & +aglesbyrig.
<R 921.15>
+ty ilcan si+te for se here of Huntandune, & of East Englum, &
worhton +t+at geweorc +at T+ameseforda, & 
hit budon & bytledon, & forleton +t+at o+ter +at Huntandune, &
+tohton +t+at hie sceoldon +tanon of mid gewinne 
& mid unfri+de eft +t+as landes mare ger+acan;
<R 921.19>
& foran +t+at hie gedydon +at Bedanforda, & +ta foran +ta men
ut ongean +te +t+ar binnan w+aron, & him wi+t gefuhton, 
& hie gefliemdon, & hira godne d+al ofslogon.
<R 921.23>
+ta eft +after +tam +ta giet gegadorode micel here hine of
East Englum & of Mercnalande, & foran to +t+are 
byrig +at Wigingamere, & ymbs+aton hie utan, & fuhton lange
on d+ag on, & namon +tone ceap onbutan; &
+ta men aweredon 
<P 102>
+teah +ta burg +te +t+ar binnan w+aron, &
+ta forleton hie +ta burg & foron aweg.
<R 921.29>
+ta +after +tam +t+as ilcan sumeres gegadorode micel folc hit
on Eadweardes cynges anwalde. of +tam niehstum 
burgum, +te hit +da gefaran mehte, & foron to
T+ameseforda. & bes+aton +da burg. & fuhton +d+ar on o+d 
hi hie abr+acon, & ofslogon +tone cyning, & Toglos eorl, &
Mannan eorl his sunu, & his bro+tor, & ealle 
+ta +te +t+ar binnan w+aron, & hie wergan woldon, & namon
+ta o+tre & eal +t+at +t+ar binnan w+as.
<R 921.36>
+ta +after +tam +t+as forhra+te gegadorode micel folc hit on
h+arfest, +ag+ter ge of Cent, ge of Su+trigum, ge 
of East Seaxum, ge +aghwonan of +tam nihstum burgum, & foron
to Colneceastre, & ymbs+aton +ta burg, &
+t+ar on fuhton o+t hie +ta geeodon, & +t+at folc eall
ofslogon, & genamon eal +t+at +t+ar binnan w+as, buton
+tam mannum +te +t+ar o+tflugon ofer +tone weall.
<R 921.43>
+ta +after +tam +ta giet +t+as ilcan h+arfestes gegadorode
micel here hine of East Englum. +ag+ter ge +t+as landheres 
ge +tara wicinga +te hie him to fultume aspanen
h+afdon, & +tohton +t+at hie sceoldon gewrecan hira 
teonun, & foron to M+aldune, & ymbs+aton +ta burg, & fuhton
+t+ar on, o+t +tam burgwarum com mara fultum 
to utan to helpe, & forlet se here +ta burg, & for fram;
<R 921.49>
& +ta foron +ta men +after ut of +t+are byrig, & eac +ta +te
him utan comon to fultume, & gefliemdon +tone 
here & ofslogon hira monig hund, +ag+ter ge +asc manna ge
o+terra.
<R 921.53>
+ta +t+as forhra+te +t+as ilcan h+arfestes for Eadweard cyning
mid West Sexna fierde to Passanhamme, & s+at
+t+ar +ta hwile +te mon worhte +ta burg +at Tofeceastre mid
stanwealle, & him cirde to +turfer+t eorl, & +ta 
holdas, & eal se here +te to Hamtune hierde nor+t o+t
Weolud, & sohton hine him to hlaforde & to mundboran;
<R 921.58>
& +ta se firdstemn for ham, +ta for o+ter ut, & gefor +ta burg
+at Huntandune, & hie gebette & geedneowade 
+t+ar heo +ar tobrocen w+as, be Eadweardes cyninges h+ase,
& +t+at folc eal +t+at +t+ar to lafe w+as +tara landleoda 
beag to Eadwearde cyninge, & sohton his fri+t & his
mundbyrde.
<R 921.64>
+ta giet +after +tam +t+as ilcan geres foran to Martines
m+assan for Eadweard cyning mid West Sexna fierde 
to Colneceastre, & gebette +ta burg & geedneowade +t+ar heo
+ar tobrocen w+as, & him cirde micel folc 
to, +ag+ter ge on East Englum, ge on East Seaxum, +te +ar
under Dena anwalde w+as;
<R 921.69>
& eal se here on East Englum him swor annesse, +t+at hie eal
+t+at woldon +t+at he wolde, & eall +t+at fri+tian 
woldon +t+at se cyng fri+tian wolde, +ag+ter ge on s+a, ge
on lande;
<R 921.72>
& se here +te to Grantanbrycge hierde hine geces synderlice
him to hlaforde & to mundboran, & +t+at f+astnodon 
mid a+tum. swa swa he hit +ta ared.
<R 922.1>
Her on +dysum gere [{betweox{] gangdagum & middan sumera for
Eadweard cyng mid firde to Steanforda. & het 
gewyrcan +da burg on su+dhealfe +d+are eas, & +d+at folc
eal +de to +d+are nor+terran byrig hierde. him beah 
to, & sohtan hine him to hlaforde.
<R 922.5>
& +ta on +t+am setle +de he +t+ar s+at, +ta ge for +a+telfl+ad
his swystar +at Tame wor+tige xii nihtum +ar middum 
sumera;
<R 922.7>
& +ta gerad he +ta burg +at Tame wor+tige, & him cierde to
eall se +teodscype on Myrcnalande +te +a+telfl+ade 
+ar under+teoded w+as;
<R 922.9>
& +ta cyningas on Nor+t Wealum, Howel, & Cledauc, & Ieo+twel,
<P 104>
& eall Nor+t Weallcyn hine sohton him to hlaforde.
<R 922.11>
+ta for he +tonan to Snotingaham & gefor +ta burg, & het hie
gebetan & gesettan, +ag+ter ge mid Engliscum 
mannum, ge mid Deniscum;
<R 922.14>
& him cierde eall +t+at folc to +te on Mercnalande geseten
w+as, +ag+ter ge Denisc ge Englisce.
<R 923.1>
Her on +tysum geare for Eadweard cyning mid fierde on ufan
h+arfest to +telw+ale, & het gewyrcan +ta burg, 
& gesettan, & gemannian; & het o+tre fierd eac of Miercna
+teode +ta hwile +te he +t+ar s+at gefaran Mameceaster 
on Nor+thymbrum, & hie gebetan & gemannian.
<R 923.6>
Her for+tferde Plegemund arcebisceop.
<R 924.1>
Her on +tysum gere foran to middum sumera for Eadweard cyning
mid fierde to Snotingaham, & het gewyrcan 
+ta burg on su+thealfe +t+are eas, ongean +ta o+tre, & +ta
brycge ofer Treontan betwix +tam twam burgum;
<R 924.4>
& for +ta +tonan on Peaclond to Badecan wiellon, & het
gewyrcan ane burg +t+ar on neaweste, & gemannian;
<R 924.6>
& hine geces +ta to f+ader & to hlaforde Scotta cyning & eall
Scotta +teod; & R+agnald, & Eadulfes suna, 
& ealle +ta +te on Nor+thymbrum bugea+t, +ag+ter ge
Englisce, ge Denisce, ge Nor+tmen, ge o+tre; & eac Str+acled 
Weala cyning, & ealle Str+acled Wealas.
<R 925.1>
Her Eadweard cing for+tferde, & +a+telstan his sunu feng to
rice.
<R 925.2>
& Sancte Dunstan wear+d ak+anned. & Wulfelm feng to +tan
arcebiscop rice on Cantuarebyri.
<P 106>
<R 931.1>
Her mon hadode Byrnstan bisceop to Wintanceastre (\iiii
Kalend+a IUNII\) . & he heold +tridde healf gear
biscepdom.
<R 932.1>
Her for+tferde Fry+testan bisceop.
<R 933.1>
Her for +a+telstan cyning in on Scotland, +ag+ter ge mid
landhere, ge mid scyphere, & his micel oferhergade.
<R 933.3>
& Byrnstan biscep for+tferde on Wintanceastre. to (\Omnium
Sanctorum\) .
<R 934.1>
Her feng +alfheah biscep to bisceopdome.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 110>
<R 941.1>
Her +a+telstan cyning for+dferde on (\vi Kalend+a Novembris\) .
ymbe xli wintra butan anre niht +t+as +te +alfred 
cyning for+tferde;
<R 941.3>
& Eadmund +a+teling feng to rice. & he w+as +ta xviii
wintre. & +a+telstan cyning rixade xiiii gear &
x wucan.
<R 941.5>
+ta was Wulfelm arcebiscop on Cantwara.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<R 942.1>
Onfeng Anlafe cyninge +at fulluhte; & +ty ylecan geare ymb
tela micel f+ac he onfeng R+agenolde cyninge
+at bisceopes handa.
<R 943.1>
Her Eadmund cing Sancta Dunstane Gl+astingeberig arcebisceop
bet+ahte +d+ar he sy+d+dan +arest abbud wear+d.
<R 944.1>
Her Eadmund cyning geeode eal Nor+thymbra land him to
gewealdan, & aflymde ut twegen cyningas, Anlaf
Syhtrices sunu, & R+agenald Cu+dfer+tes sunu.
<R 945.1>
Her Eadmund cyning oferhergode eal Cumbraland: & hit let to
eal Malculme Scotta cyninge. on +t+at gerad 
+t+at he w+are his midwyrhta +ag+ter ge on s+a ge on
lande.
<P 112>
<R 946.1>
Her Eadmund cyning for+tferde on Sanctus Agustinus
m+assed+age. & he h+afde rice seofo+te healf gear;
<R 946.2>
& +ta feng Eadred +a+teling his bro+tor to rice, & gerad eal
Nor+thymbra land him to gewealde. & Scottas
him a+tas sealdan, +t+at hie woldan eal +t+at he wolde.



<B COBEDE>
<Q O2 NN HIST BEDEHE>
<N BEDE>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  BEDE'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.
THE OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF
'BEDE'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY
OF THE ENGLISH PEOPLE', PARTS I,1; I,2.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 95, 96.
ED. T. MILLER.
LONDON, 1959 (1890; 1891).
PP. 104.12 - 124.24      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 252.4  - 272.18      (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 418.22 - 436.19      (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B9.6.4^]
<P 104>
[}III.}]
<R 3.104.12>
   +da w+as +after +dissum +t+atte Agustinus Breotone
+arcebiscop gehalgade twegen biscopas: o+der w+as Mellitus 
haten, o+der Iustus.
<R 3.104.14>
+tone Mellitum he sende Eastseaxum to [{bodigenne{] godcunde
lare, +ta seondon Temese streame tosceadne 
from Centlonde & to easts+a ge+deodde.
<R 3.104.16>
Is heora aldorburg nemned Lundenceaster, on ofere geseted
+t+as foresprecenan streames; ond seo is monigra 
folca ceapstow of londe & of s+a cumendra.
<R 3.104.18>
In +t+are +teode w+as in +ta tid S+aberht cyning,
+a+delberhtes swustorsunu & his hera.
<R 3.104.19>
+da onfeng Eastseaxna +teod so+df+astnisse word & Cristes
geleafan +turh Mellitus lare +t+as biscopes.
<R 3.104.21>
+ta heht +a+delberht cyning in Lundenceastre cirican
getimbran, & +ta gehalgian Sancti Pauli +t+am apostoli,        
+t+at he in +d+are stowe biscopsetl h+afde & his
+afterfylgend.
<R 3.104.23>
+tone Iustum he in Cent sylfre to biscope gehalgode to
Hrofesceastre.
<R 3.104.24>
Seo is from Cantwarena byrig on feower & twentigum mila
westrihte.
<R 3.104.25>
In +t+are ceastre eac swylce +a+delberht cyning heht cirican
getimbran & +ta gehalgian Sancte Andre+a +t+am apostoli.
<R 3.104.27>
Ond se cyning +aghw+a+derum +tissa biscopa his gyfe sealde &
boclond & ahte, him to brucanne mid heora geferum.
<R 3.104.29>
After +tissum +ta for+dferde Gode se leofa f+ader Agustinus: &
his lichoma w+as ute bebyrged neah [{cirican{] 
+tara eadigra apostola Petrus & Paulus, +te we +ar
gemyndgodon.
<R 3.104.32>
for+don heo +ta gyta n+as fullice geworht ne gehalgod.
Sona +t+as +te 
<P 106>
heo gehalgad w+as, +ta dyde mon his lichoman
in; & in +t+are cirican nor+dportice w+as bebyrged ged+aftlice.
<R 3.106.2>
In +t+am eac swilce ealra +tara +afterfylgendra +arcebiscopa
lichoman sindon bebyrgede, buton twegra, +t+at 
is +teodoris & Berhtwaldes.
<R 3.106.4>
heora lichoman syndon in +t+are circan seolfre gesette,
for+don in +tone forecwedenan portic ma ne meahte.
<R 3.106.6>
Is wel neah in middre +t+are miclan cirican wigbed geseted &
+t+at on Sancte Gregorius naman gehalgod.
<R 3.106.7>
In +d+am +aghwylce S+aternes d+age from +t+are stowe
m+assepreost heora gemynde & for+dfore mid m+assesonge
m+arsode syndon.
<R 3.106.9>
Is awriten in Sancte Agustinus byrgenne +tisses gemetes
gewrit: Her reste+d domne Agustinus se +aresta
+arcebiscop Contwarena burge, se geara hider from +t+am
eadigan Gregori+a +t+are Romaniscan burge biscope 
sended w+as, & from Gode mid wundra weorcnesse awre+ded
w+as.
<R 3.106.13>
+a+delberht cyning & his +teode from deofulgilda ongonge to
Cristes geleafan he gel+ade, & on sibbe gefylldum 
dagum his +tegnunge for+dfered w+as, +dy d+age (\septima
Kalendas Iunias\) in +t+as ylcan cyninges rice.
[}IIII.}]
<R 4.106.17>
   +after Agustini fyligde in biscophade Laurentius, +tone he
for+don bi him lifigendum gehalgode, +ty l+as 
him for+dferendum se steall swa neowre cirican +anige hwile
buton heorde taltrigan ongunne.
<R 4.106.20>
Onhyrede he on +ton +ta bysene +t+as +arestan heordes Godes
cirican Sancte Petres +t+as apostoles, +ta he 
+at Rome +arest Cristes cirican sta+dolode: is s+agd +t+at he
Clementem him to fultome [{godcundre{] lare & 
him to +afterfylgende gehalgade.
<R 4.106.23>
+ta he +da Laurentius +arcebiscophade onfeng, +da ongon
fromlice +ta sta+dolas +t+are cyrican, +te he ea+delice 
alegde geseah, ecan; & [{to{] for+dspownisse gedefre
heannisse mid gelomlicre stefne haligre trymnisse 
& lare & mid singalum bysenum arf+astre wyrcnesse he ongon
hean & miclian.
<R 4.106.28>
Nales +t+at an +t+at he gem+ane dyde +t+are neowan cirican,
+te of Ongolcynne gesomnod w+as, ac swilce eac +tara 
ealdra biggengena Bretta & Scotta.
<R 4.106.30>
For+don he ongeat +t+at heo on monegum +tingum Godes cirican
unge+tw+arodon, ond ealra swi+dust +t+at heo +ta 
symbelnesse 
<P 108>
Eastrana & +tone d+ag +t+are drihtenlecan
+ariste ne weor+dodon mid rihtre tide.
<R 4.108.2>
Wrat he & sende +arendgewrit to him: b+ad heo & halsade, +t+at
heo in annesse sibbe & in geh+alde rihtra
Eastrana ge+tw+arede mid +ta Cristes cirican, seo geond ealne
middangeard togoten is.
<R 4.108.5>
Ac +teah +te he +tas +ting dyde, hu swi+de him speow, nu gen
+tas ondweardan tide, +ta ilcan +teowas cy+da+d.
<R 4.108.7>
+dissum tidum cwom Mellitus Lundenceastre biscop to Rome bi
+t+am ned+tearflicum intingan Ongolcirican.
<R 4.108.8>
Ond he +da w+as smeagende mid +tone apostolican papan
Bonefatio, se w+as feor+da biscop +t+are Romaniscan
burge from Sancti Gregorii.
<R 4.108.10>
Ond he +da +des ilca papa seono+d gesomnode Eotolwara biscopa;
& he w+as endebyrdlice settende bi muneca 
life & bi heora stilnesse.
<R 4.108.12>
W+as +tes seono+d +ty eahte+dan geare Uocatis rices +t+as
caseres.
<R 4.108.13>
& Mellitus betweoh hy +at +t+am seono+de s+at. & +ta +ding,
+te +d+ar regollico gedemed w+aron, mid his aldorlicnesse 
mid Cristes rode tacne wrat & f+astnode.
<R 4.108.15>
ond eft hwearf to Breotone, & +ta mid hine Ongolciricum to
healdanne awriten brohte +atg+adre mid +t+am
+arendgewritum, +te se ilca papa Gode +tam leofan
+arcebiscope Laurentie & eallum his geferum & +a+delberhte 
cyninge & ealre Ongol+teode sende, to frofre & to
trymnisse rihtes lifes.
[}V.}]
<R 5.108.21>
   +ta w+as ymb syx hund wintra & syxteno winter from Drihtnes
menniscnesse, +t+at w+as ymb an & twentig wintra, 
+t+as Agustinus mid his geferum to l+aranne Ongol+teode
sended w+as, +t+atte +a+delberht Contwara cyning 
+after +t+am willendlecan rice, +t+at he syx & fiftig
wintra wuldorlice h+afde, ond +ta to +tam heofonlican 
rice mid gefean astag.
<R 5.108.26>
W+as he se +dridda cyning in Ongol+teode cyningum +t+at allum
su+dm+ag+tum weold & rice h+afde o+d Humbre stream.
<R 5.108.28>
H+afde +arest +tisses gemetes rice +alle Su+dseaxna cyning.
Se +aftera w+as Ceawlin haten Westseaxna cyning.
<R 5.108.29>
Se +tridda w+as, swa we +ar cw+adon, +a+delbehrt Contwara
cyning.
<R 5.108.30>
Feor+da w+as R+adwold Eastengla cyning: fifta Eadwine
Nor+danhymbra cyning, se h+afde rice ofer ealle Breotone 
buton Contwarum anum.
<R 5.108.32>
Swelce he 
<P 110>
eac Monige Bretta ealond, +ta seondon geseted betweoh
Ibernia, Scotlond & Breotone, Ongolcynnes rice under+teodde.
<R 5.110.2>
Syxta w+as Oswald, Nor+danhymbra cyning se betsta & se
[{cristenesta{] , se +tissum ilcum gem+arum rice h+afde.
<R 5.110.4>
Seofo+da w+as Osweo his bro+dor, se eac swylce Peohta +teode &
Scotta of miclum d+ale geeode, & [{to{] gafolgyldum gesette.
<R 5.110.6>
+ta for+dferde +a+delberht cyning +after an & twentegum wintra
+t+as +te he fulwihte & Cristes geleafan onfeng, 
ond in cirican +tara eadigra apostola Petrus & Paulus in
Sancte Martinus portice bebyrged w+as;
& +t+ar eac Beorhte seo cwen bebyrged is.
<R 5.110.10>
Se cyning betweoh +ta o+der god, +te he his leodum +turh
ge+teaht gefremede, eac swylce rihtra doma gesetenisse 
mid snotera ge+teahte gesette +after Romana bysene, &
+ta heht on Englisc gewritan: +ta nu gena 
o+d +tis mid him h+afde & haldne syndon.
<R 5.110.13>
In +t+am he +arest sette hu mon +t+at betan scolde, se +de
o+d+te cirican eahte o+d+te biscopes o+t+de o+derra hada 
mid stale afyrde.
<R 5.110.15>
Wolde he +dam gescyldnesse gegearwian, +te he heora lare
onfeng.
<R 5.110.16>
W+as +tes ilca +a+delbehrt Eormanrices sunu; +t+as f+ader w+as
Octa haten; +t+as f+ader w+as Oeric; w+as his freonama 
+asc, from +t+am sy+d+tan Contwara cyningas w+aron
+ascingas nemnde.
<R 5.110.19>
+t+as +asces f+ader w+as se Hengest, se +de w+as +arest
latteow & heretoga Ongolcynnes in Breotone, swa we 
+ar beforan s+agdon.
<R 5.110.22>
+ta w+as +after +a+delbehrtes for+dfore, Eadbald his sunu feng
to +dam rice, ond he sona micle wonunge & 
+awerdlan w+as +t+are m+arwan cyrican weaxnisse.
<R 5.110.24>
For+don nales +t+at aan +t+at he Cristes geleafan onfon ne
wolde, ac swylce eac unalyfedre forlegenesse 
& egeslicre w+as besmiten, swa +t+at he eode to his f+ader
wife.
<R 5.110.27>
For +aghw+a+drum +tissa mana he intingan sealde +t+am, +t+at
heo hwurfe to +t+are +arran uncl+annisse, +ta +de under 
his f+ader rice o+d+te mid +ty cynelecan fultome o+d+de
his ege cl+annisse reht & Cristes geleafon onfengon.
<R 5.110.30>
Ne +t+am treowleasan cyninge +t+are uplecan +trea sweopon
gewon w+aron, +t+at he +turh +ta [{gecl+ansed{] & gereht 
beon sceolde; for+don he gelomlice mid wedenheortnesse
modes & +t+as uncl+anan gastes inswogennisse +trycced w+as.
<P 112>
<R 5.112.1>
Swelce eac to+atecte +tisse gedrefnisse storm S+aberhtes dea+d
Eastseaxna cyninges.
<R 5.112.2>
For+don +ta he w+as +ta ecan riceo secende, forlet he +t+as
hwilenlecan rices yrfeweardas his suna +dry.
<R 5.112.3>
+ta ongunnon heo sona openlice deofolgildum +teowian, +te
monnum +tuhte +t+at heo hw+athwugu forl+aten h+afde 
bi +t+am f+ader lifiendum.
<R 5.112.6>
ond heo freo lefnesse sealdon deofolgyld to bigongenne +tam
folcum, +te him under+teodde w+aron.
<R 5.112.7>
Mid +ty heo +ta gesegon +tone biscop m+assan onsymbelnesse
m+arsian in Godes cirican & +t+am folce husl syllan, 
w+aron heo mid elreorde dysignesse onblawne.
<R 5.112.9>
Cw+adon to him: Forhwon ne recst +tu us +tone hwitan hlaf,
+tone +tu sealdest Saban ussum f+ader nemdon heo 
hine swa & nu gena folce in cirican sylest?
<R 5.112.12>
Ondswarede se biscop him: Gif ge willa+d on+twegene beon
[{+dy{] halwendan wellan fulwihtes b+a+des, swa eower 
f+ader a+dwegen w+as, +tonne magon ge eac swylce +t+as
halgan hlafes d+alneomende beon, swa he d+alneomende w+as.
<R 5.112.15>
Gif +tonne ge lifes b+a+d forhycga+d, ne magon ge +anige
+tinga lifes hlafe onfon.
<R 5.112.16>
Cw+adon heo: Ne willa+d we in +t+at b+a+d gongan, for+don we
weotan +t+at we +t+as +tearfe nabba+d; ac hw+a+dre we
willa+d mid +ty hlafe gereorde beon.
<R 5.112.19>
Mid +ty heo oft & geornlice from him monode w+aron, +t+at
+t+at N+anige +tinga beon meahte, +t+at hy buton 
+t+are halgan gecl+asnunge fulwihtes b+a+des +t+am halgan
hlafe gem+ansumede, +ta +at neahstan w+aron heo mid 
hatheortnesse onstyrede.
<R 5.112.22>
Cw+adon him to: Gif +tu ne wilt us ge+dafian in swa +a+delicum
+tinge, +te we bidda+d, ne meaht +tu in usse 
m+ag+de ne ussum gemanan wunian.
<R 5.112.24>
& dreofon hine onweg, & heton +t+at he mid his geferum of
heora rice gewite.
<R 5.112.25>
+ta he onweg adrifen w+as, cwom he to Cent, sohte & smeade mid
Laurentio & Iusto his efnbiscopum, hw+at 
him be +dyssum +tingum to donne w+are.
<R 5.112.28>
Ond +ta to r+ade fundon mid gem+anre ge+teahte, +t+at him
selre & geh+aledre w+are, +t+at heo ealle hwurfon to 
heora e+dle & +t+ar mid freo mode Drihtne +teowede, +tonne
heo betweoh +ta elreordan & +ta wi+dfeohtend
Cristes geleafan leng buton w+astme s+aton.
<R 5.112.31>
+da geweoton +arest ofer s+a twegen biscopas Mellitus & Iustus
& cwomon in on d+alas Gallia rices, & gestihtedon 
+t+at heo +t+ar wolden +t+are wisan ende gebidan.
<R 5.112.34>
Ac +ta arleasan cyningas nales micelre 
<P 114>
tide, +after +ton +te
heo +tone so+df+astnisse bodan from him adrifon, 
+t+at heo deofla big+angum freolice +teowedon.
<R 5.114.2>
Ac heo w+aran cumene wi+d Westseaxna +teode to gefeohte, &
ealle +atg+adre gehruron & ofslegene w+aron mid 
heora compweorode.
<R 5.114.4>
Ond +teah +de heora alderas forlorene w+aren, ne meahte +t+at
folc +ta gen gereaht beon, +t+atte +ar to manum 
getogen w+as, ne eft geceed beon to hluttornisse geleafan
ne to Godes lufan.
[}VI.}]
<R 6.114.8>
   Mid +dy he +da Laurentius se +arcebiscop +ta o+dre biscopas
his geferan fylgan wolde & Breotone [{forl+atan{] , 
+da heht he in +t+are seolfan nihte, +ta he on morne
feran wolde, in cirican +tara eadigra apostola 
Petrus & Paulus, bi +t+are we gelomlice s+agdon, him streowne
gegearwian, +t+at he hine gerestan meahte.
<R 6.114.12>
Ond +ta +arest longe nihtes in halgum gebedum w+as, & his
tearas geat, & his bene to Gode sende for +t+are 
cirican stealle; & geswenced & werig gesette +ta his leomu
to restenne & hw+athwugo onslepte.
<R 6.114.15>
+da +ateawde him sona se eadgesta aldor +tara apostola Sanctus
Petrus, & hine micelre tide +t+are deahlan 
neahte mid grimmum swingum swong & +treade.
<R 6.114.18>
ond hine w+as frignende mid +ta apostolican +tearlwisnesse,
forhwon he +t+at Godes eowde forl+atan wolde, 
+t+atte he him bead to healdanne, o+d+te +ta gesettan
Cristes scep in middum wulfum hwylcum heorde he 
fleonde forlete.
<R 6.114.21>
Cw+a+d him eac to: W+are +tu ofergeotende minre bysne, hw+at
ic fore Cristes cneohtum, +ta he me in tacnunge 
his lufan bebead, bende & swingan & carcern & monige
geswencednesse & +at neahstan +tone seolfan
dea+d & rode dea+d from ungeleafsumum & Cristes feondum ic
+trowade & ar+afnde, +t+at ic mid Criste gesigef+asted w+are?
<R 6.114.26>
+ta w+as he se Cristes +teow Laurentius mid +t+as apostoles
swingum & trymnessum swi+de gebylded.
<R 6.114.27>
cwom sona on marne to +tam cyninge, & his hr+agl onwrag & him
eawde, mid hu miclum swingum he +tread & witnod w+as.
<R 6.114.29>
+ta wundrade he swi+de, & ahsode hwylc mon to +d+as gedyrstig
w+are, +t+at he swa miclum were swilc witu dyde.
<R 6.114.31>
+ta he +da se cyning gehyrde & oncneow, +t+atte he se biscop
fore his h+alo intingan from Cristes 
<P 116>
apostole 
swa micele tintregu & witu +trowade, +ta w+as he swi+de
forht geworden, & him swi+de ondred ond sona 
towearp al +ta bigong +tara deofolgelda, +ta he +ar beeode,
& forlet +ta unrihtwifunge & Cristes geleafan 
onfeng; ond se biscop hine gefulwade.
<R 6.116.4>
& sona in eallum +tingum +t+are cirican eahtum & godum
freo+dode & fultemede, swa he fyrmest meahte.
<R 6.116.6>
Ond he swelce eac sende +arendwrecan in Gallia rice, & heht
ham la+tian +ta biscopas Mellitum & Iustum; 
& he het freolice to heora biscopscire ham hweorfan.
<R 6.116.8>
& heo ymb an ger ham hwurfon +d+as +te heo +ar of Breotone
ferdon.
<R 6.116.9>
Iustus hwearf to Hrofesceastre, +t+ar he +ar biscop w+as.
<R 6.116.10>
Mellitum +tone biscop Lundenwaran onfon ne woldon, ac ma
lufodon +t+at heo +teowedan heora deofolgelda biscopum.
<R 6.116.12>
Ond heo Eadbaldes +t+as cyninges worda ne gemdon, for+don his
rice ne w+as ofer heo, swa swa his f+ader h+afde.
<R 6.116.14>
Hw+a+dre he mid his +teode mid Contwarum, seo+d+tan he to
Drihtne gecerred w+as, +t+am godcundan bebodum +teowode 
& hearsumede.
<R 6.116.16>
+t+as gen to tacne is, +t+at he het in Sancte Petres mynstre
cirican getimbran in are +t+are eadigan f+amnan 
Sancta Marian, +da eft Mellitus on hyre noman gehalgode,
+ta he w+as +arcebiscop.
[}VII.}]
<R 7.116.20>
   In +disses cyninges rice se eadiga +arcebiscop Sanctus
Laurentius for+dferde, & +t+at heofonlice rice gestah; 
& in circan & in mynstre +t+as eadigan apostoles Sancte
Petres bii his foregengan Sancte Agustine 
bebyrged w+as +ty feor+dan d+age nonarum Februarium.
<R 7.116.23>
+after +t+am Mellitus, se w+as +ar Lundenceastre biscop, feng
to +tam biscopse+dle Contwara burge cirican
+dridda biscop from Sancte Agustine.
<R 7.116.26>
W+as Iustus se biscop +ta gen lifigende & reahte +ta
gesomnunge +at Hrofesceastre.
<R 7.116.27>
Ond heo begen mid micle gem+anne & gewinne Ongolciricean
heoldon & reahton.
<R 7.116.29>
W+as he Mellitus mid lichoman untrymnesse mid fotadle swi+de
gehefigad; ac hw+a+dre halgum gongum his 
modes he gl+adlice all eor+dlic +ting w+as oferhleapende, ond
symle mid his mode w+as flegende +ta heofonlecan 
to lufienne & to biddenne & to secenne.
<R 7.116.32>
W+as he lichomlicre gebyrde +a+deles cynnes, ac mid modes
heanisse micle +a+delra.
<P 118>
<R 7.118.1>
Sculon we ane cy+dnesse his m+agenes secgan, +t+at we his
o+der m+agen +ty ea+d ongytan magon.
<R 7.118.2>
Gelomp sumre tide, +t+at seo ceaster Contwara burge +turh
ungem+anne synna wear+d fyre onb+arned.
<R 7.118.4>
& +t+at fyr & +t+at leg swi+de weox & miclade, & him n+anig
mon mid w+atra onweorpnesse wi+dstondan meahte;
& micel d+al +t+are ceastre w+as fornumen.
<R 7.118.6>
+da for se wallenda leg & hine br+adde to +tam biscope, +ta
getreowde he in godcundne fultom, +t+ar se mennesca 
wan w+as; heht his +tegnas hine selfne beran ongean
+t+am fyre & asettan, +t+ar se leg & seo frecnis m+ast w+as.
<R 7.118.9>
ond [{untrum{] ongon +turh his gebed +ta frecenisse +t+as
fyres onweg adrifan, +t+atte +ar seo trume [{hond{] 
strongra monna +turh micel gewin don ne [{meahte{] .
<R 7.118.12>
& se wind sona, se +de +ar su+dan bleow & +ta b+arnnisse in
+ta burg str+agd, hine nor+dan awearp ond +ta b+arnnisse 
ut ofbegde; & sona eallinga +turh his gebed +t+at fyr
acwan & adw+asced w+as.
<R 7.118.14>
Ond for+don +te se Godes wer stronglice innon born mid +ty
fyre godcundre lufan, & [{oft{] stormas & hreonisse 
+tara werigra gasta from his seolfes sce+denisse & his
geferena mid his gelomelicum gebedum & 
trymenissum scilde & wi+dsceaf, w+as +t+at +t+as wyr+de, +t+at
he wi+d +tam middangeardlicum windum & legum swi+dan 
meahte, +ty l+as heo him & his freondum sce+deden.
<R 7.118.20>
Onu +tes halga biscop, +after +ton +te he fif winter +ta
cirican heold & reahte in Eadbaldes rice leorde 
to heofonum, & bebyrged w+as mid his f+adrum in +t+am oft
cwedenan mynstre & cirican Sancte Petres +ty
eahte+dan d+age (\Calendarum Maiarum\) .
<R 7.118.25>
+t+am sona +afterfylgde Iustus in biscophade, se w+as +at
Hrofesceastre +ar biscop.
<R 7.118.26>
& he +d+are cirican for hine o+derne biscop gehalgode, Romanus
w+as haten, for+don he aldorlicnisse onfeng 
from Bonefatio +tam papan, +t+at he biscopas hadian moste.
[}VIII.}]
<R 8.118.29>
   +t+are tide eac swylce Nor+danhymbra +teod mid heora cyninge
Eadwine Cristes geleafan onfeng, +te him Paulinus 
bodade se halga biscop & l+arde.
<R 8.118.31>
+t+am cyninge +t+are onfongennisse Cristes 
<P 120>
geleafan & +t+as
heofonlecan rices eac swelce on healsunge, geweox 
meaht eor+dlices rices, swa [{+t+at{] , +t+atte n+anig
Ongolcynna +ar him, eall Breotono gem+aro on anweald 
onfeng, +da +de o+d+de heora m+eg+te Ongolcynnes o+d+te
Bretta eardodon: all +t+at he on anwald onfeng.
<R 8.120.5>
ge eac Monige swelce Bretta ealond Ongolcynnes rice
under+teodde, swa we +ar beforan s+agdon.
<R 8.120.7>
+disse +teode, +t+at is Nor+danhymbrum, w+as se +aresta
intinga to onfonne Cristes geleafan, +t+atte se foresprecena 
heora cyning Edwini w+as mid m+agsibbe ge+teoded
Contwara cyningum.
<R 8.120.9>
onfeng he +tonan wiife +a+telbeorge, +a+delberhtes dohtor
+t+as cyninges, seo o+dre noman w+as Tate haten.
<R 8.120.11>
+ta he +arest his +arendwrecan sende to Eadbolde hire
bre+der, se w+as +ta Contwara cyning, & +tisse f+amnan 
gemanan b+ad & wilnade, ondswarede he +t+at +t+at alyfed
n+are, +t+atte cristeno f+amne h+a+dnan men to wiife 
seald w+are, +ty l+as se geleafa & +ta geryno +t+as
heofonlecan cyninges mid +t+as cyninges gemanan [{aidlad{] 
w+are, se +de +t+as so+dan cyninges bigong ne cu+de.
<R 8.120.17>
+ta +da +arendwrecan eft Eadwine s+agdon +tas word, +ta gehet
he sona +t+at he noht wi+derweardes don wolde 
+t+am cristenan geleafan, +te seo f+amne beeode, ac +t+at heo
moste +tone geleafan & bigong hire +afestnisse 
mid eallum hire geferum, +te heo mid cwomen, +ty cristnan
+teawe lifian & +tone wel healdan.
<R 8.120.21>
Ne he ne wi+dsoc +t+at he seolfa eac +ta ilcan +afestnisse
underfenge, gif wise witan +t+at funde +t+at heo
haligra gemeted beon meahte.
<R 8.120.23>
+ta w+as seo f+amne gehaten, & +after f+ace Eadwine onsended.
<R 8.120.24>
Ond +after +ton +te heo +ar funden h+afdon, w+as gehalgod to
biscope Gode se leofa wer Sanctus Paulinus, 
se mid heo feran scolde, to +don +t+at he +ta f+amnan & hire
geferan +aghw+a+der ge mid +ta m+arsunge heofonlicra 
geryna ge mid his d+aghwamlicre lare trymede, +t+at heo
in +tam gemanan +tara h+a+denra besmiten ne w+are.
<R 8.120.30>
W+as he Paulinus to biscope gehalgod from Iusto +tam
+arcebiscope +ty twelftan d+age (\Calendarum Augustarum\) .
<R 8.120.31>
+da cwom he mid +ta foresprecenan f+amnan to Eadwini +t+am
cyninge, swa swa he w+are gesi+d licumlicre gegaderunge.
<R 8.120.33>
ac he ma mid ealle his mode beheold, +t+at he +ta +teode, +te
he gesohte, to ongytenisse +t+as so+dan Godes 
& to Cristes geleafan +turh his lare gecegde.
<R 8.120.35>
Mid +ty he +da 
<P 122>
se biscop in +ta m+ag+de cwom mid +t+are
f+amnan, +ta wonn he swi+de, +t+at he +aghw+a+der ge his feran, 
+ta +de mid him cwomon, +turh Drihtnes gife geheolde
+t+at heo ne asprunge from heora geleafan, &
gif he hwylce meahte +tara h+a+denra, [{+t+at{] he +turh his
lare to Cristes geleafan gecerde.
<R 8.122.5>
Ac swa se apostol cw+a+d, +teah +de he micelre tide wunne in
his lare, +t+atte God +ta mood +tara ungeleafsumra 
abl+ande, +ty l+as him scine seo onlihtnes Cristes
godspelles & his wuldres.
<R 8.122.8>
+da w+as +ty +afteran geare, cwom sum monn in Nor+danhymbra
m+ag+de; w+as his noma Eom+ar.
<R 8.122.9>
W+as he sended from Westseaxna cyninge, se w+as haten
Cwichelm, +t+at he scolde Eadwine +tone cyning somed 
ge rice ge lif beneoman.
<R 8.122.11>
H+afde he & w+ag mid hine twiecge handseax ge+attred, +t+at
gif seo wund to lyt genihtsumode to +t+as cyninges 
dea+de, +t+at +t+at attor gefultmade.
<R 8.122.13>
Cwom he to +tam cyninge +ty +arestan Eastord+age bii
Deorwentan +t+are ea, +t+ar w+as +ta cyninges aldorbold.
<R 8.122.15>
+ta eode he inn, swa swa he his hlafordes +arendo secgan
scolde.
<R 8.122.16>
Ond mid +ty he +ta geswippre mu+te licetende +arend wreahte
& lease fleosewade, +ta astod he semninga,
& getogene +ty w+apne under his sceate, r+asde on +tone
cyning.
<R 8.122.19>
+ta +t+at +ta Lilla geseah, se cyninges +tegn him se holdesta,
n+afde he scyld +at honda, +t+at he +tone cyning 
mid scyldan meahte: sette +ta his lichoman betweoh beforan
+tam stynge.
<R 8.122.21>
& +turhstong +tone cyninges +tegn & +tone cyning gewundade.
<R 8.122.22>
+ta w+as sona +aghwonan mid w+apnum ymbheped.
<R 8.122.23>
Hw+at +ta gena o+derne cyninges +tegn in +t+am ungerecce, se
w+as For+dhere haten, mid +ty manfullan w+apne acwealde.
<R 8.122.26>
+ta w+as +t+are ilcan neahte +t+are halgan Eastrena, cende seo
cwen dohtor +t+am cyninge, +t+are noma w+as Eanfl+ad.
<R 8.122.27>
Mid +ty +te he +da se ilca cyning in +t+as biscopes
ondweardnesse +toncunge dyde his Godum for +t+are deahter, 
+te him acenned w+as, ongegn +ton ongon se biscop
+toncunge don Drihtne Criste ond +tam cyninge cy+tan, 
+t+at he +t+at mid his benum +at him onfenge, +t+at heo seo
cwen gesund & buton hefigum sare +t+at bearn
cende.
<R 8.122.32>
+ta se cyning +tis gehyrde, +ta ongon he lustfullian +t+as
biscopes wordum, & geheht hine sylfne deofolgildum 
wi+dsacan; & +t+at he wolde Cristes +deowdom geceosan,
<P 124>
gif he him lif & sige forgefe on +t+am gewinne, 
+te he gehogad h+afde wi+d +tam cyninge, from +t+am +te se
myr+dra +ar sended w+as, se +te hine gewundade.
<R 8.124.3>
Ond +ta ilcan his dohtor to gehalgienne Criste +tam biscope to
wedde gesealde, +t+at he +t+at gehat gel+astan wolde.
<R 8.124.5>
Seo w+as gefulwad +ty halgan d+age +at Pentecosten +arest
monna of Nor+danhymbra +teode, mid endleofan f+amnan 
o+drum of +t+are cwene hyrede; heo w+as twelfta.
<R 8.124.8>
+t+are tide eac w+as se cyning geh+aled from +t+are wunde,
+te him +ar gedon w+as.
<R 8.124.9>
+ta gesomnode he his fyrd wi+d Westseaxum & +tider cwom; &
sona +t+as +te he on heo feaht, w+aron him ealle 
his fynd gecy+dede, +ta +te +ar ymb his feorh syredon.
<R 8.124.11>
& he +ta sume ofslog, sume on onweald onfeng; & he sigef+ast
swa eft ham ferde.
<R 8.124.13>
Nales +t+at sona +t+at innst+ape & unge+teahtenlice +t+am
gerynum onfon wolde +t+as Cristenan geleafan, +teah
+te +t+at w+are, +t+at ofer +t+at deofolgeldum ne +teowode,
seo+d+tan he hine to Cristes +teowdome gehatenne h+afde.
<R 8.124.16>
Ac he +arest geornlice aa of tide +aghw+a+der ge from +t+am
arwyr+dan were Sancte Paulini +t+at riht leornade 
+t+as halgan geleafan.
<R 8.124.18>
ge eac mid his ealdormonnum, +ta +de he wiseste & snottroste
wiste, +t+at he gelomlice mid him +teahtode 
& sohte, hw+at be +tissum +tingum to donne w+are.
<R 8.124.20>
Ge eac he seolfa, mid +ty +te he w+as in gecynde se gleawesta
mon, oft longe ana s+at swigende mu+de, ac
mid inneweardre heortan monig mid hine sprecende smeade,
hw+at him selest to donne w+are & hwylce +af+astnis 
him to healdenne w+are.

<S SAMPLE 2>
[^B9.6.6^]
<P 252>
[} (\INCIPIT LIBER QUARTUS ISTORIAE GENTIS ANGLORUM.\) }]
[}I.}]
<R 1.252.4>
   +Ty gemyndgadan gere +t+are foresprecenan sunnan
asprungennisse & hr+a+de sona +t+as +afterfylgendan wooles
& moncwilde, +dy geare Deosdedit se sexta +arcebiscop
Contwaraburge cirican for+dferde +ty +arran d+age 
(\iduum Iuliarum\) .
<R 1.252.7>
Swelce eac Erconberht Contwara cyning +ty ylcan mon+de
[{ond{] d+age for+dgeleorde, & his riices e+del forlet 
Ecgberhte his suna, +t+at he h+afde & heold anes won+de
twentig wintra.
<R 1.252.10>
+ta blon micelre tiide se biscopdom, +da w+as sended to Rome
from Ecgberhte & from Osweo Nor+danhymbra 
cyninge Wigheard m+assepreost, swa swa we in +tisse +arran bec
feaum wordum forecw+adon.
<R 1.252.13>
W+as se mon in ciriclecum +teodscipum of Ongolcynne wel
gel+ared.
<R 1.252.14>
Swylce hy eac +ta cyningas begen +atg+adre sendon +t+am
apostolican [{papan{] micle gife on monegum goldfatum 
& seolforfatum: ond b+adon, +t+at he Wigheard Ongolcynnes
ciricum to +arcebiscope gehalgode.
<R 1.252.17>
+da he +da to Rome cwom, +ta w+as in +ta tid Uitalius papa
+t+as apostolican se+dles aldorbiscop.
<R 1.252.19>
+after +ton +te he +tone intingan his si+df+ates +t+am
apostolican papan gecy+ded h+afde, +ta +after medmicelre
tide se Wigheard & lytestne alle his geferan, +ta +de mid him
cwomon, +ty ofercumendan woole fordilgade 
w+aron & for+dgeleorde.
<R 1.252.23>
+da h+afde se apostolica papa ge+teaht be +tissum +tingum &
georne sohte, hwelcne +arcebiscop he onsendan 
meahte Ongol+deode ciricum.
<P 254>
<R 1.254.1>
+da w+as in Niridano +t+am mynstre, +t+at is unfeor +t+are
byrig Neapoli in Campanie +t+are m+ag+de, Adrianus abbud.
<R 1.254.2>
W+as se mon in halgum gewreotum & in mynsterlecum +teodscipum
& in ciriclecum wel gel+ared, & weor+dlice 
getyd ge in L+adenisc gereorde ge in Grecisc.
<R 1.254.5>
+ta het se papa +tone mon to him gela+dian, & heht +t+at he
biscophade onfenge & to Breotone ferde.
<R 1.254.6>
+ta ondswarede he him & cw+a+d, +t+at he w+are swa micles
hades unwyr+de; & cw+a+d +t+at he meahte o+derne get+acnan, 
+te biscophada wyr+dra w+are ge on gel+arednesse ge on
his lifes gegearnunge ge on [{gedefre{] eldo.
<R 1.254.9>
T+ahte +ta +tam biscope in +t+am neahnunnmynstre sumne gedefne
munuc, +t+as noma w+as Andreas.
<R 1.254.11>
Ac +da wi+dstod his lichomlic untrymnes, +t+at he biscop beon
ne meahte.
<R 1.254.12>
Eft se papa nedde +tone abbud Adrianus, +t+at he biscophade
onfenge.
<R 1.254.13>
+ta b+ad he hine eldenne & fyrstes, hw+a+der he +after f+ace
meahte o+derne findan, +te mon to biscope hadian meahte.
<R 1.254.15>
W+as in +ta tid sum munuc in Rome, se w+as cu+d [{Adriane{]
+t+am abbude, +t+as noma w+as Theodorus.
<R 1.254.16>
Se w+as acenned in Tarso Cilicio: w+as se mon ge in
weoruldgewreotum, ge in godcundum, ge in Grecisc 
ge in L+aden wel gel+ared; & he gecoren w+as in his +teawum &
arwyr+dre +aldo, +t+at is +t+at he h+afde syx &
syxtig wintra.
<R 1.254.20>
+teosne mon Adrianus se abbud +t+am papan cy+dde, & s+agde
+t+at he to biscope gehalgad beon meahte: & he +t+at ge+tafode.
<R 1.254.22>
Ond hw+a+dre +tis ar+addon betweonum him, +t+at he se abbud
his latteow beon sceolde in Breotone, for+ton 
+te he +ar twiga +ta d+alas Gallia rices fore missenlecum
intingum geferde & gesohte, & for+ton +te him 
se weg +t+as si+df+ates genoh cu+d w+as, & eac swylce +t+at he
w+as in his agnum geferscipe wel gemonnad.
<R 1.254.26>
ond +tonne gen eac +t+atte he scolde his fultemend beon in
godcundre lare, ond +t+at he geornlice bihealdan 
scolde, +t+at he nowiht wi+derweardes +t+are
so+df+astnesse +t+as geleafan Greca +teawe in Ongolcynnes 
cirican inn gel+adde, +te he ofer beon sceolde.
<R 1.254.30>
+ta w+as he +arest to subdiacone gehalgad; & +ta baad feower
mona+d, o+d+d+at him feax geweoxe, +t+at he to preoste 
bescoren beon meahte, for+ton +te he +ar sceare h+afde
eastleoda +teawe Sancte Paule +t+as apostoles.
<R 1.254.33>
+ta w+as he gehalgad 
<P 256>
from Uitalio +t+am papan to biscope ymb
syx hund wintra & eahta & syxtig wintra from 
Drihtnes menniscnesse, +ty seofe+dan d+age & +ty
drihtenlecan (\Kalendarum Aprelium\) .
<R 1.256.3>
& swa +atg+adre mid Adriano +tam abbude in (\Sexta Kalendas
Junias\) w+as to Breotone onsended.
<R 1.256.6>
+ta ferdon heo +atg+adre +arest to Masilia & +tonon +turh
Arela lond, +t+at heo cwomon to Iohanne +t+am +arcebiscope 
+t+are ceastre; & him sealdon Uitalianus gewrit +t+as
papan, +t+at heo mon mid are onfenge.
<R 1.256.9>
& he swa dyde; h+afde heo mid micelre are mid him, o+d+t+at
Ebrinus se ealdormon him spede & leafnesse 
sealde to ferenne, swa hwider swa heo woldon.
<R 1.256.11>
+da ferde Theodorus se biscop to +agelberhte biscope
Parissiorum, bi +t+am we beforan s+agdon; ond from 
him fremsumlice w+as onfongen, & micle tid mid him wel geh+afd
w+as.
<R 1.256.14>
Adrianus ferde +arest to Emme Senonum & +after +tam to
Pharaonem M+alda biscopum, & longe mid him wel geh+afd w+as.
<R 1.256.15>
For+ton hy nedde se towearda winter, +t+at heo stille
wunedon, swa hw+ar swa heo meahten.
<R 1.256.17>
+ta +d+at +ta cu+de +arendwrecan s+agdon Ecgberhte +t+am
cyninge, +t+atte se biscop w+are in Froncna rice, +tone
+te hy Osweo b+adon from +tam Romaniscan biscope, +da sende
he sona Re+dfri+d his gerefan +tider, +t+at he 
scolde hine fetigan & to him gel+adan.
<R 1.256.20>
+ta he +ta +tider cwom, +ta nom he Theodor biscop mid
Ebrinus leafnesse +t+as ealdormonnes, & hine gel+adde 
to +tam porte, +te is nemned Cw+antwic.
<R 1.256.23>
+t+ar hine gestod sumu untrymnis, & he +t+ar f+ac gewunade; &
sona swa he trumian ongon, swa eode he in 
scip & ferde to Breotone.
<R 1.256.25>
Ebrinus se ealdormon genom Adrianum +tone abbud & on f+astene
h+afde, for+ton he resade, +t+at he h+afde 
caseres +arendo sumo to Breotone cyningum wi+d Froncna rice,
+t+as he +da micle gemenne [{h+afde{] .
<R 1.256.28>
Ac +ta he +ta so+dlice onget & onfand, +t+at hit swa ne w+as,
swa he resade, +ta onlesde he hine & let feran 
+after +tam biscope.
<R 1.256.30>
Ond sona +t+as +te he to him cwom, +ta sealde he him Sancte
Petres mynster, +t+ar +t+ara +arcebiscopa liic 
bebyrged seondon, swa swa we +ar beforan s+agdon.
<R 1.256.31>
For+ton se apostolica papa bebead Theodore biscope, +ta he
from him ferde, +t+at he him on his biscopscire 
gerisne stowe foresege & salde, in +t+are he mid his
geferum wunian meahte.
<P 258>
<R 1.258.1>
+ta cwom he Theodor biscop to his cirican in Contwara burg
+ty +afteran geare halgunge +dy syxtan d+age
(\Kalendarum Iuniarum\) .
<R 1.258.2>
& he lifde on biscophade aan & twentig wintra & +treo mona+d &
syx & twentig daga.
[}II.}]
<R 2.258.5>
   Ond he sona +durhferde eall Breotone ealond, swa hwyder ymb
swa Ongol+teode drohtedon & wunedon; & he 
lustlice from eallum onfongen w+as, & his word geornlice
geherdon.
<R 2.258.7>
Ond he rehte endebyrdnesse lifes +ateawde, & rihte Eastran to
weor+dianne l+arde.
<R 2.258.9>
Ond him Adrianus se abbud mid ferde, & to eallum rehte
fultemade.
<R 2.258.10>
W+as he +arest +arcebiscopa, +t+at him eall Ongolcyn hyrnesse
ge+tafode.
<R 2.258.11>
Ond for+don heo begen w+aron ge se biscop ge se abbud, swa swa
we +ar cw+adon, wel gel+ared ge on godcundum 
gewreotum ge in weoruldcundum, ond heo gesomnodon micelne
+treat discipula; & heo betweoh halige 
bec & ciriclicne +teodscipe in metercr+aft & in tungolcr+aft
& in grammaticcr+aft [{tydon{] & l+ardon.
<R 2.258.16>
W+as +t+at sweotol tacn, +t+atte heora discipulas w+aron wel
gel+arde ge in Grecisc gereorde ge in L+adenisc; 
ond him +ta swa cu+de w+aron swa heora agen, +te heo in
fedde w+aron.
<R 2.258.18>
Ne w+aron her +afre, seo+t+dan Ongolcyn Breotone gesohte,
ges+aligran tide ne f+ageran.
<R 2.258.20>
W+aron her stronge cyningas & wel cristne ond eallum
ellreordum cynnum ut in miclum ege; ond ealra willa 
hleonade to geheranne +ta gefean +t+as heofonlecan rices.
<R 2.258.22>
ond swa hwelce men swa swa wilnadon +t+at heo in halgum
leorningum tyde w+aron, heo h+afdon gearwe magistras, 
+ta +de heo l+ardon & tydon.
<R 2.258.24>
Swylce eac sonas to singenne in circan, +da +de o+d+d+at in
Cent anre menn cu+don, of +t+are tide ongunnon 
men leornian +turh ealle cirican Ongolcynnes.
<R 2.258.26>
Ond +arest, buton Iacobe +t+am songere bi +t+am we beforan +ar
s+agdon, w+as songes magister Nor+danhymbra cirican 
+adde haten, +t+as freo noma w+as Steffanus.
<R 2.258.29>
W+as se asponen from Cent from Wilfer+de +t+am arwyr+dan
biscope, se +arest betweoh biscopum, +ta +de of Ongol+teode 
w+aron, regollicne +teaw to lifgenne Ongolcynnes
ciricum [{s+agde{] & l+arde.
<R 2.258.33>
+ta ferde Theodor biscop geond ealle Ongolcynnes m+ag+de, &
<P 260>
biscopas halgode in gelimplecum stowum.
<R 2.260.1>
Ond +ta +ting, +te he unfulfremed gemette, mid heora fultume
he +da rehte & bette.
<R 2.260.3>
Betweoh +ton, +ta he Ceddan biscop mid wordum +treade, +t+at
he rihtlice gehalgad ne w+are, +ta ondsworede
he ea+dmodre stefne: Gif +tu +t+at wast, +t+at ic unrehtlice
biscophade onfeng, ic lustlice from +t+are +tegnunge 
gewite, for+ton ic +ty hade mec seolfne n+afre wyr+dne
demde.
<R 2.260.7>
Ac for intingan hersumnesse ic haten ge+tafode, +t+at ic +tone
had underhnah, +teah +de ic unwyr+de w+are.
<R 2.260.8>
+ta he +da gehyrde +ta ea+dmodnesse his ondsware, cw+a+d he
+t+at he +tone biscophad forl+atan ne scolde.
<R 2.260.10>
Ac he eft his hadunge mid ciriclice rihte gefylde.
In +ta tid Deosdedit se biscop for+dferde; & Contwara burge
biscop soht & sended w+as to hadienne.
<R 2.260.12>
Ond Willfer+d biscop eac swylce of Breotone in Gallia rice to
hadienne sended w+as.
<R 2.260.13>
He +da eac in Cent m+assepreostas & diaconas hadode, o+d+t+at
+te Theodor +arcebiscop to his se+dle cwom.
<R 2.260.15>
Sona +t+as +de he cwom to Hrofesceastre, & for+dferdum
Damiano +tam biscope se biscophad longe blon, +ta
gehadode he sumne mon, se w+as ma in ciriclecum +teodscipum &
in lifes bylwitnesse gel+ared, +ton he from 
w+are in worulde +tingum, +t+as noma w+as Putta.
<R 2.260.19>
W+as he swi+dost in cirican songcr+aft getyd Romanisce +teawe,
+tone he geleornade from Sancte Gregories
discipulum.
[}III.}]
<R 3.260.22>
   In +da tid w+as in Mercna m+ag+de Wulfhere cyning.
+da for+dferdum Gearomonne biscope b+ad he Theodor biscop,
+t+at he him & his leodum biscop funde & sealde, 
+ta ne wolde he him neowne biscop halgian, ac b+ad Osweo
Nor+danhymbra cyning, +t+at he him Ceaddan
gehalgodne biscop sealde, se +da in his mynstre, +t+at is in
L+astinge, in stillnesse liifde.
<R 3.260.27>
+tegnade Wilfer+d biscop +tone biscophad in Eoforwicceastre &
eac swylce in eallum Nor+danhymbrum ge eac 
in Peohtum, swa Osweoes rice w+as +t+as cyninges.
<R 3.260.29>
Ond for+ton +teaw w+as +t+am ilcan arwyr+dan biscope, +t+at he
+t+at weorc +t+as halgan godspelles, ma +turh his 
fota gong gefremede, +tonne on horse ride, heht hine Theodor
biscop ridan, +t+ar him se weg lengra gelumpe.
<R 3.260.33>
& he swi+de wi+d +ton wonn for geornfulnesse & for lufan 
<P 262>
+t+as aarf+astan gewinnes.
<R 3.262.1>
+ta nedde se +arcebiscop hine swi+de, +t+at he ridan scolde,
swa hwyder swa +d+as +tearf w+are, & efne +at nehstan 
mid his seolfes hondum up on hors hof; for+ton he +done
mon micelne & haligne gemette in his lifes geearnungum.
<R 3.262.4>
+da onfeng Ceadda biscopdom Mercna +teode +atg+adre &
Lindesfearena; ond he sona +after bisene haligra f+adra 
in micelre fulfremednesse lifes +tone biscophad heold &
+tegnade.
<R 3.262.7>
Sealde him & geaf Wulfhere se cyning fiftig hida in Lindisse
him mynster on to getimbrenne in +t+are
stowe +te is nemned +at Bearwe.
<R 3.262.9>
In +t+am mynstre nu gen o+d to d+age +ta swe+de awunia+d
regollices lifes, +te he +t+ar gesette.
<R 3.262.11>
H+afde he bisceopse+dl in +t+are stowe, +te geceged is
Liccedfeld, +t+ar he for+dferde & bebyrged is.
<R 3.262.12>
+t+ar gen to d+age se+del is M+arcna m+ag+de +tara
+afterfylgendra biscopa.
<R 3.262.13>
Getimbrede he eac sundorwic noht feor from +t+are cirican, bi
+d+am he deagolice mid feaum bro+drum, +t+at
is seofonum o+d+to eahtum, he gewunade, +t+at he him geb+ad,
& his bec r+adde, swa oft swa he from +t+am gewinne 
+t+are +tegnunge godcundre lare +ametig w+as.
<R 3.262.17>
+ta he +da in +t+are m+ag+de tu ger & +tridda healf +ta
cirican wuldorlice heold & rehte, +da cwom seo tid,
+te uplican dome stihtigende, bi +t+are sprice+d Eclesiastes
seo boc: (\Tempus mittendi lapides et tempus 
colligendi:\) +t+atte tid w+are stanas to sendenne & tid to
somnienne.
<R 3.262.21>
+ta cwom micel w+al & moncwild godcundlice sended, +t+at +turh
lichoman dea+d +ta lifigendan stanas +t+are 
cirican of eor+dlicum se+tlum to +t+am heofonlican timbre
geb+ar.
<R 3.262.24>
Mid +ty +ta monige of +t+are gesomnunge +t+as ilcan arwyr+dan
biscopes of lichoman al+adde w+aron, +ta cwom his 
tid, +t+at he scolde of middangearde to Drihtne feran.
<R 3.262.27>
+ta gelomp sume d+age, +t+at he w+as in +t+am foresprecenan
wicum mid ane bre+der wuniende, +t+as noma w+as Owine.
<R 3.262.28>
His o+dre geferan fore gelimplicum intingum hwurfon to cirican
in +t+at mynster.
<R 3.262.30>
W+as he se ilca Oowine munuc micelre geearnunge mon, & mid
hlutre ingehygde +t+as uplecan edleanes w+as
[{iu{] middangeard forl+atende; & he w+as +turh all meodum &
Gode gecoren; ond him Drihten synderlice his 
deagolnisse onwrah.
<R 3.262.34>
Cwom he mid +a+del+try+te of Eastenglum; ond he w+as hire
+tegna 
<P 264>
& huses & hire geferscipes ofer all aldormon.
<R 3.264.1>
+da Godes geleafa +ta weox & haat w+as, +ta +tohte he +t+at he
sceolde worulde wi+dsacan, & +t+at unaswundenlice swa gedyde.
<R 3.264.3>
& hine middangeardes +tingum to +ton ongyrede & genacodade,
+t+at he eal forlet, +ta +de he h+afde, nemne 
his anfealdne gegyrelan, ond cwom to L+astinga ea to +t+am
mynstre +t+as aarwyr+dan biscopes.
<R 3.264.6>
B+ar him +axe & adosan on honda; tacnode in +ton, +t+at he
nales to idelnesse, swa sume o+dre, ac to gewinne 
in +t+at mynster eode; & +t+at seolfe eac swylce mid
d+adum gecy+dde.
<R 3.264.9>
Ond for+ton +te he lyt genihtsumade in smeaunge & in leornunge
haligra gewreota, he +ty ma mid his hondum 
wonn & worhte +ta +ting, +te nyd+tearfleco w+aron.
<R 3.264.11>
+t+as is to tacne, +t+at he mid +tone biscop in +t+am
foresprecenan wicum for his arwyr+dnesse & for his 
geornfullnesse betweoh +ta bro+dor w+as h+afd.
<R 3.264.13>
+donne heo inne heora leornunge & heora becr+adon beeodon,
+tonne w+as he ute wyrcende, swa hw+at swa
+tearf gesegen w+as.
<R 3.264.16>
+da he +ta sume d+age hw+athwugu swelces ute dyde, & his
geferan to byrig to cirican eodon, swa heo gelomlice 
dydon, ond se biscop ana in +t+are cirican o+d+to in
becr+adinge o+d+do in gebedum geornful w+as, +ta 
geherde he semninga, swa swa he eft +after +ton s+agde, +ta
swetestan stefne & +ta f+agrestan singendra
& blissiendra of heofonum o+d eor+dan astigan.
<R 3.264.21>
+da stefne & +tone song he cw+a+d +t+at he +arest geherde from
eastsu+dd+ale heofones, +t+at is from heanisse 
+t+are winterlecan sunnan upgonge, & +tonon to him
sticcem+alum nealecton, o+d+t+at he bicwom to +teacan +t+are 
cirican, +te se biscop in w+as; & ingongende ealle
gefylde, & in ymbhwyrfte ymbsealde.
<R 3.264.26>
Ond he +ta geornlice his mod a+denede in +ta +ting +de he
gehyrde.
<R 3.264.27>
+ta geherde he eft, swa swa healfre tide f+ace, of hrofe
+t+are ilcan cirican up astigan +tone ilcan blissesong, 
& +ty ylcan wege, +te he +ar cwom, [{upp{] o+d
heofonas mid unasecgendre swetnesse eft hweorfan.
<R 3.264.30>
+da wunade he +d+ar sum f+ac tide wundriende & wafiende, & mid
behygdige mode +tohte & smeade, hw+at +ta +ting beon sceolde.
<R 3.264.32>
+da ontynde se biscop +t+at eagh+tyrel +t+are cirican & mid
his honda slog tacen, swa swa his gewuna w+as, 
gif hwylc mon ute w+are, +t+at he in to him eode.
<P 266>
<R 3.266.1>
+da eode he sona in to him.
Cw+a+d he se biscop him to: Gong hr+a+de to cirican, & hat ure
seofon bro+dor hider to me cuman: & +tu eac swelce mid w+as.
<R 3.266.3>
+ta heo +ta to him cwomon, +ta monade he heo +arest, +t+at heo
betweonan him +t+at m+agen lufan & sibbe & betweohn 
eallum Godes monnum geornlice heolde; ond eac swelce
+ta gesetenesse +t+as regollican +teodscipes, 
+te hy from him geleornodon & on him gesegon, o+d+te in
+tara for+dgeleoredra f+adra d+adum o+d+te godcundum 
gemete, +t+at heo +ta ungewergedre geornfulnisse fylgden
& l+asten.
<R 3.266.9>
+after +ton he under+teodde & him s+agde, +t+at se d+ag
swi+de neah stode his for+dfore, & +tus cw+a+d: Se leofa 
cuma & se lufiendleca, se +de gewunade ure bro+dor neosian,
se cwom swelce to d+age to me & mec of worulde cegde & la+dode.
<R 3.266.13>
For+don ge +tonne nu eft hweorfa+d to cirican & bidda+d ure
bro+dor, +t+at heo mine for+dfore mid heora gebedum 
& benum Drihtne bebeoden, ond swelce eac heora seolfra
for+dfore, +t+are tide is uncu+d, +t+at heo 
gemynen mid w+accenum & gebedum & mid godum forecuman.
<R 3.266.17>
Mid +ty he +da +tas word & +tyses gemetes monig to him
sprecende w+as, & heo onfongenre his bletsunge swi+de 
unrote ut from him eodon, +da hwearf se ana eft in to
him, se +de +tone heofonlican song gehyrde,
& hine ea+dmodlice on eor+dan astreahte fore +tone biscop; &
+tus cw+a+d: Min f+ader, mot ic +te ohtes ahsian.
<R 3.266.22>
Cw+a+d he: Ahsa +t+as +tu wille.
+ta cw+a+d he: Ic +ta la halsie & bidde fore Godes lufan,
+t+at +tu me gesecge hw+at se song w+are blissiendra, 
+te ic gehyrde of heofonum cumendra ofer +tas cirican ond
+after tide eft hweorfendra to heofonum.
<R 3.266.26>
Ondswarede he se biscop: Gif +tu songes stefne gehyrde & +tu
heofonlic weorod ongete ofer us eac cuman, 
ic +de bebeode on Drihtnes noman, +t+at +tu +t+at n+anegum
men cy+de, ne secge +ar minre for+dfore.
<R 3.266.29>
Ic +te so+dlice secgo, +t+atte +t+at w+aron engla gastas +te
+t+ar cwomon, +ta me to +tam heofonlecan medum cegdon 
& la+dodon, +ta ic symle lufade & wilnade.
<R 3.266.31>
Ond +after seofon dagum heo eft hweorfende & cumende me
gehehton; & me +tonne mid him l+adan woldon.
<R 3.266.33>
+t+at w+as swa so+dlice mid d+ad gefylled, swa him to cweden
w+as.
<R 3.266.34>
+ta w+as he sona gehrinen lichomlicre untrymnesse, & seo
d+aghwamlice weox & hefigade; & +ta +dy seofo+tan 
<P 268>
d+age, swa him gehaten w+as, +after +ton +te his for+dfore
getrymede mid onfongennesse +t+as Drihtenlecan 
lichoman & blodes, +t+atte seo halige sawl w+as onlesed from
+t+as lichoman hefignessum, & mid engla latteowdome 
& geferscipe, swa riht is to gelyfanne, +ta ecan
gefean & +ta heofonlecan eadignesse gestah & gesohte.
<R 3.268.6>
Is +t+at hwelc wundor, +teah +de he +tone d+ag his dea+des
o+d+te ma +tone Drihtnes d+ag bli+de gesege, +tone he
symle sorgende bad, o+d +t+at he cwome?
<R 3.268.8>
For+don betweohn monige geearnunge his m+agena in
forh+afednesse & in ea+dmodnesse & in godcundre lare 
& in gebedum & in wilsumlicre +tearfe+dnisse & eac o+derra
m+agena, +t+at he w+as swa swi+de Drihtnes ege 
under+teoded ond swa swi+de his +tara nehstena dogra gemyndig
in eallum his weorcum, +t+atte swa swa me 
sum bro+dor s+agde of +t+am +te me in wreotum cyde & l+arde, &
se w+as in mynstre & in his lareowdome afeded 
& gel+ared; w+as his noma Trumberht; s+agde he gif he +at
leorninga s+ate o+d+de elles hw+at dyde, gif
semninga mare bl+ad windes astah, +t+at he sona inst+ape
Drihtnes mildheortnesse gecegde & +ta miltse b+ad monna cynne.
<R 3.268.18>
Gif +tonne swi+dra wind aras, +tonne tynde he his bec &
for+tleat in his ondwlitan & geornlice in his gebede 
hleo+drade: ond +tonne he gen, gif strengra storm &
genip swi+dor +treade, & legete & +tunorrade 
eor+dan & lyfte br+agden & fyrhten, +tonne eode he to cirican
& bighigdelice in gebedum & on sealmsonge 
f+aste moode awunade, o+d+d+at +t+are lyfte smyltnis eft
hwearf & cwom.
<R 3.268.23>
Mid +ty hine frugnon & ascodon his geferan, for hwon he +tis
dyde, ondswarode he: Ac ge ne leornodon: 
(\Quia intonuit de celo dominus et altissimus dedit uocem
suam: misit sagittas suas et dissipauit 
eos, fulgora multiplicauit et conturbauit eos:\) +d+atte
Drihten hleo+dra+d of heofonum & se hehsta sele+d 
his stefne; he sende+d his str+ale & heo toweorpe+d:
legetas gemonigfealda+d & heo gedrefe+d.
<R 3.268.29>
For+ton Drihten lyfte ontyne+d, windas wece+d, legetas
sceota+d of heofonum & hleo+dra+d, +t+at he eor+dbigengan 
awecce hine to ondr+adanne; +t+at he heora heortan in
gemynd gecege +t+as toweardan domes; +t+at he 
heora oferhygd toweorpe & ge+tyrstignesse drefe, to heora mode
[{gel+addre{] +t+are forhtiendan tide, hwonne 
he, heofonum & eor+dan byrnendum, 
<P 270>
toweard sy in heofones
wolcnum in micelre meahte & +trymme to demanne cwice & deade.
<R 3.270.2>
For+ton us gedafena+d, +t+at we his heofonlicre monunge mid
gedefenlice ege & lufan ondswarige; +t+atte, 
swa he lyft onstyrge ond his hond swa swa us to sleanne
beotiende +ateawe+d, ne hw+a+dre nu gyt sl+a+d, +t+at 
we sona cleopien & bidden his mildheortnesse, &
geondsmeage +da deagolnesse usse heortan & gecl+asnien 
+ta unsyfernesse uncysta, & bihigdelice don, +t+at we
n+afre ne geearnien +t+at we slegene beon scylon.
<R 3.270.8>
Ge+tw+ara+d eac swylce +t+are onwrigenesse & +t+are gesegene
+t+as foresprecenan bro+dor bi for+dfore +tisses biscopes 
& eac +t+at word +t+as arwyr+dan f+ader Ecgberhtes,
bi +t+am we beforan s+agdon.
<R 3.270.11>
Se geo +ar mid +tone ilcan Ceaddan in Hibernia Scotta ealonde,
begen in geogu+de, in munuclife in gebedum 
& in forh+afdnesse & in leornunge haligra gewrita Gode
lifdon.
<R 3.270.14>
Ac he Ceadda eft +after f+ace in his e+del hwyrfde in
Breotone; se Ecgberht +t+ar in el+teodignesse fore 
Godes noman awunode o+d his lifes ende.
<R 3.270.16>
Mid +ty +da [{+after{] longre tiide cwom to him of Breotone
fore neosunge intingan se halgesta wer & se forh+afdesta, 
Hygebald hatte, se w+as abbud in Lindesse, +ta
spr+acon heo be liife haligra f+adra, swa swa 
halige men gedafonode, & +t+at eac onhyrgan wolden.
<R 3.270.20>
Betweoh +ta cwom gemynd +t+as arwyr+dan biscopes Ceaddan.
<R 3.270.21>
+ta cw+a+d he Ecgberht: Ic wat sumne mon in +tissum ealonde nu
gena in lichoman lifigende, mid +ty se wer 
of middangearde leorde, +t+at he geseah Ceaddan sawle his
bro+dor mid engla weorude of heofonum astigan: 
& gefetedon his sawle & mid him genoman & eft hweorfan to
+tam heofonlecan rice.
<R 3.270.26>
Hw+a+der he +t+at bi him seolfum cw+ade +te bi o+drum men
hwelcum, +t+at us is uncu+d.
<R 3.270.27>
Hw+a+dre +ta swa micel wer hit gecw+a+d, [{we{] weotan +t+at
hit so+d w+as.
<R 3.270.28>
+ta for+dferde Ceadda +ty syxtan d+age (\Nonarum Martiarum\) :
& w+as +arest bibyrged bi Sancta Marian cirican.
<R 3.270.29>
Ac +after f+ace, +t+ar getimbrede cirican +t+as eadgan aldores
+tara apostola Sancte Petres, +ta w+aron in 
+ta his ban geseted.
<R 3.270.31>
In +aghw+a+dre +tara stowa gewunia+d to tacnunge his m+agenes
& halignisse gelomlecu wundor h+alo geworden
beon.
<R 3.270.33>
+t+as is to tacne, +t+atte neowan sum gebr+acseoc man, mid +ty
he +turh monige stowe dwoliende orn & ferde, 
+ta bicwom he +tider on +afenne, ne weotendum o+d+do ne
gem+andum 
<P 272>
+t+am heordum +t+are stowe, & +t+ar ealle 
neaht w+as restende: & +ta on morne geh+alde witte aras & ut
eode.
<R 3.272.2>
+ta wundredon ealle [{menn{] & on +t+at gefegon, hwylc wundor
+t+ar h+alo +turh Drihtnes gife +ateawde & geworden w+as.
<R 3.272.4>
Is ofer his byrgenne stowe treowgeweorc on gelicnesse
medmicles huses geworht mid hr+agle gegyrwed.
<R 3.272.6>
+tonne is on +t+am medmicel +tyrel geworht, +turh +t+at
gewunia+d +ta men, +ta +dider for intingan wilsumnisse
cuma+d, heora hond insendan & d+al +t+are moldan +tonon
neoman.
<R 3.272.8>
Mid +ty heo +ta in w+ater senda+d & untrumum monnum & neatum
to byrgenne sella+d, & heo sona from hefignesse 
+t+are untrumnesse generede beo+d, & +t+ar gefean +t+are
willendan gesynta onfo+d.
<R 3.272.12>
In +t+as biscopes stowe gehalgode Theodor biscop Wynnfer+d
godne wer & gemetf+astne, se fore w+as in +tegnunge 
biscophades, swa swa his foregengan, Mercna m+ag+de &
Middelengla & Lindesfarona; in eallum +t+am
Wulfhere, se +da gena lifiende w+as, riices onweald h+afde.
<R 3.272.16>
W+as se Wynnfer+d of +t+as biscopes geferscipe, +t+am he eft
+afterfylgde, ond under him diacon+degnunge micelre 
tide brucende w+as.

<S SAMPLE 3>
[^B9.6.7^]
<P 418>
[}XII.}]
<R 12.418.22>
   Sona +t+am erestan tidum, +tes +da lareowas cuomon in 
Fresena lond, & Willbrod from +dem cyninge lefnesse 
onfeng +t+at he +d+ar l+aran moste, +ta wolde he hredlice
to Rome cuman, +ta wes bisscop +d+as apostolican 
se+dles Sergius papa, +t+at he wolde mid his l+afnesse &
mid his bl+atsunge +t+at willsume weorc onginnan 
& gefyllan +tem +diodum godspel to l+aranne.
<R 12.418.27>
Ond somod he willnade from him onfon +tera eadigra apastola
reliquias & Cristes martira, +t+at mid +ty 
he diofolgeld towurpe & cirican timbrede & r+arde in 
<P 420>
+t+are +diode +te he l+arde, +d+at he +der gearwe hefde
haligra [{reliquias{] in to settenne, & he gerisenlice
meahte in +dara haligra aare syndrige stowe gehwylce 
haligra halgian, +te hiora reliquias +t+ar in weran.
<R 12.420.4>
Swylce ec monige o+dre intingan he sohte & willnade o+d+de
+ter leornian o+d+de +tanon onfon.
<R 12.420.5>
In +dem eallum mid +dy he willfegen wes gefremed, he eft
hwearf to codcundre laare.
<R 12.420.7>
+t+are tiide +ta bro+dor, +da +de in Fresum weran mid hine in
+dere +tegnunge +des Godes wordes, gecuron hio 
of hiora riime gemetf+astne monn in his +teaum & mon+tuerne
heortan Swi+dberht, +t+at se him gehalgad were to bisscope.
<R 12.420.10>
Sendon hine +ta to Breotene & for hiora bene se aarwyr+da
bisscop Willfer+d hine gehalgade, se wes in 
+ta tiid of his +a+dele adrifen & in Mercna lande folgade,
ond for+don +te in +da tiid Contweara nefdan
bisscop.
<R 12.420.13>
Wes Theodor bisscop for+dfered, & Berhwald his efterfylgend
+ta get ne cuom to his bisscopse+dle, for+don 
he wes ofer s+a sended to hadienne.
<R 12.420.15>
+da Swi+dberht hefde bisscophade onfongen, +ta ferde he eft of
Breotene & efter medmicelum fece he gewat 
to +dere +teode Boruchtuarorum, & monige hiora +turh his
lare to so+dfestnesse wege gecerde.
<R 12.420.18>
Ah +da aefter noht longre tiide sio ilce +tiod wes oferwunnen
from Ealdseaxum; & +da geleafsuman menn,
+ta +de Godes worde onfengon, weran wide todrifene.
<R 12.420.21>
Ond se bisscop mid his geferum sumum sohte Pipiin Froncna
cyning; & him +da geerendade Bli+dry+d his 
cuen, +tet he him wunesse stowe gesealde in sumum ealonde bi
Riine, +tet is on hiora gereorde geceged
& nemned In Litore, in +dem he mynster getimbrede, +tet nu
gen o+d+d +tis agon his erfeweardas.
<R 12.420.25>
& he +ter sum fec in forhebbendum liife lifde & +der his
deagas geendade.
<R 12.420.28>
Efter +don +te hie +ta sum gear codcunde lare l+ardon in
Fresena riice, +ta +de mid hine cuomon, +ta sende
Pipin mid ealra hiora ge+tafunge +tone arwyr+dan wer
Willbrord to Roome to Sergie +tem papan, ond b+ad 
+t+at he hine Fresna +deode to ercebiscope gehalgade.
<P 422>
<R 12.422.1>
& he swa dyde swa he b+ad.
W+as he gehadod in circan +t+are halgan f+amnan & martires
Sancte Cecilian +ty d+age, +de hire gemyndd+ag wes; 
& se papa hine nemde freonaman Clemens.
<R 12.422.3>
& sona +t+as +te he gehaadad w+as, +tet is +after feowertene
dagum, +tes +de he in Romeburh cuom, +tet he hine 
eft sende to his bisscopse+dle.
<R 12.422.5>
Salde him & forgeaf Piipin bisscopse+dl in his +tere meran
byrig, sio alde worde +tere +tiode [{is{] nemned 
Wiltaburg; Galleas nemna+d Traiectum; we cue+da+d
+attreocum.
<R 12.422.8>
Bi +d+are se arwyr+da bisscop ciirican getimbrede & feorr &
wide Godes word ymbe Cristes geleafan bodade 
& l+arde; & monige wes cegende from h+a+dnesse gedwolan
hiora liifes.
<R 12.422.11>
& he monig mynster & cirican in +d+am londe getimbrede; ond
+after f+ace monige o+dre bisscopas +ter gesette 
& gehalgade of +tara bro+dra riime, +ta +de mid hine
o+d+de a+after him cuomon codcunde lare to bodienne; 
+tara monige for+dgeleordon in Drihten.
<R 12.422.15>
Ah he Willbrord, +te se papa Clemens nemde, longe aeldo &
arwyr+de he hefde; six & +dritig wintra in 
bisscophade liifde, ond efter monigfealdum gewinnum
heofonlices comphades to meordum +tes uplican edleanes 
becuom to aare.
[}XIII.}]
<R 13.422.19>
   +dassum tidum gemyndelic wundar & ealdum wundrum geliic in
Breotene w+as geworden.
<R 13.422.20>
For+don +de to awehtnesse lifgendra monna of saule dea+de sum
mon wes sum faec dead & eft to life [{lichoman{] 
aras & monig +ding gemyndewyr+de segde, +ta he
geseah, +tara sume we her hredlice areccan & aasecgan 
& aawritan willa+d.
<R 13.422.24>
Uues sum hioscipes f+ader & higina aldor in +deodlonde
Nor+danhymbra, +det is geceged In Cununingum; liifde 
he aefestlice his liif mid his heorde.
<R 13.422.26>
+da wear+d he licumlicre untrumnesse gehrinen & gestonden; &
seo deghwemlice weox, o+d+det he to +dem ytemestan 
dege gel+aded wes, & in forewearde neaht for+dferde.
<R 13.422.28>
Ah in dagunge he eft acuicode & semninga up heh as+at; ond
ealle +ta +de +at his lichoman woepende s+aton 
mid unm+ate [{ege{] gesl+agene weron & utflugon butan his
wiif an, +de hine swi+dust lufade, sio an hinne 
<P 424>
aawunade, +teh +de hio swi+de forht were & beofiende.
<R 13.424.1>
+da frefrede he hio & cue+d: Ne welle +tu +de ondredan,
for+don +te ic so+dlice from dea+de aaras & eam eft 
[{forl+aten{] mid monnum liifgan, nales hwe+dre +ty liife
+te ic +ar liifde, ah swi+de ungelice of +disse tiide 
me is to lifigenne.
<R 13.424.5>
Ond +da sona aaras & eode to +d+are cirican +tes tunes & o+d
lutterne d+ag in gebede stod.
<R 13.424.6>
Ond sona +after +ton ealle his +aahte in +treo tod+alde; enne
d+al he his wiife sealde, o+derne his bearnum, 
+tone +triddan, +te him gelomp, he instepe +tearrfum
gedelde: & +after medmiclum f+ace all weoruld+ting 
forleorte & to Mailros +dem mynstre cuoom, +tet is of +dem
mestan d+ale mid ymbebegnesse Tuede streames betyned.
<R 13.424.11>
& he +ter Godes +tiohade & scare onfeng, & in dygle
aancorstowe +eode, +te se abbud him foreseah; & +ter 
o+d +done d+ag his dea+des in swa micelum gedrehtnessum &
forhefdnessum modes & lichoman aheardade & 
awunade, +tette menn mehtan ongeotan, +t+at he monig +ding ge
egslice ge willsumlice geseh, +te o+dre meo+don, 
+teh +de sio tunge swigade, +tet his liif wes
[{sprecende{] .
<R 13.424.18>
S+agde he +tys gemete +d+atte he geseah, & cue+d: Leohte
gesih+de & onsione & berhte gegerelan wes, se +de
me l+adde.
<R 13.424.19>
Eodon wiit suigiende, +tes +de me +duhte & gesegn wes, ongen
nor+deast rodor, swa sunnan upgong bi+d +at middum sumere.
<R 13.424.21>
[{Mid{] +dy wit +da hwiile eodan, bicuomon wit to sumere
dene, sio w+as micelre br+ado & deopnese & ungeaendadre 
l+ange; wes unc on +da wynstran healfe geseted.
<R 13.424.24>
O+der d+al w+as wallendum l+agum full sui+de [{egesfullice{] ,
o+der wes nohte +ton l+as unaarefndlice cele h+agles & snawes.
<R 13.424.26>
Wes gehwe+der manna saula full, +ta wrixendlice on tua healfe
gesegene weeran, swa swa mid [{unm+atnesse{] 
miceles stormes, worpene beon.
<R 13.424.28>
+tonne hio +t+at m+agn +tere unmetan h+atton aarefnan ne
mehtan, +tonne st+aldan heo eft earmlice in middel
+t+as unm+atan ciles.
<R 13.424.30>
& mid +ty heo +d+ar n+anige reste gemetan mihtan, +tonne
st+aldon heo eft in middan +t+as byrnendan fyres 
& +d+as unadw+ascedan leges.
<R 13.424.32>
Mid +ty heo +da +t+as unges+algan wrixles feor & wide, swa
geseon meahton, butan fyrstmearce +anigre 
<P 426>
r+aste 
mid +ta [{unriman{] m+ango sweartra gasta +treste w+aron,
+ta ongan ic +tencan, & wende +t+at hit hel w+are, 
be +dam tintregum unar+afnendlicum ic oft s+acgan herde.
<R 13.426.3>
+ta ondswarede he minum ge+dohte se min latteow, se +de me
foreeode, & +tus cw+a+d: Nis +dis seo hel, swa
+du talest & wenest.
<R 13.426.6>
Mid +ty ic +da w+as mid +tisse ongryslican w+aferseone swi+de
gefyrhted & gebreged, +ta l+adde he me styccem+alum 
for+d on fyran lond.
<R 13.426.8>
+ta geseah ic s+amninga beforan unc onginnan +deostrian +da
stowe & miclum +teostrum all gefylled.
<R 13.426.9>
Mid +dy wit +da in +da +teostro ineodon, & heo styccem+alum
swa micel & swa +dicco w+aron, +t+at ic noht geseon 
meahte, nemne +t+at seo ansien scan & +ta hr+agl leoht
w+aron, se +de m+ac l+adde.
<R 13.426.12>
& mid +dy wit +da for+dgongende w+aron under +d+am scuan
+t+are +deostran nihte, +da +ateowdan s+amninga beforan 
unc monige heapas sweartra lega, +da w+aron up astigende
swa swa of miclum sea+de, & eft w+aron fallende 
& gewitende in +done ilcan sea+d.
<R 13.426.16>
Mid +dy ic +da +dyder gel+aded w+as, +da ne wiste ic s+amninga
hw+ar min latteow becom; & he mec forlet in 
middum +t+am +teostrum ond +d+are ongrislican gesih+de.
<R 13.426.18>
& mid +dy +ta ilcan heapas +tara fyra butan blinne hwilum upp
astigon in heanesse, hwilum ni+der gewiton 
in +da niolnesse +d+as sea+des, geseah ic & sceawade.
<R 13.426.21>
ealle +da heanesse +tara upastigendra lega fulle w+aron monna
gasta, +ta on onlicnesse upastigendra yselena 
mid rece, hwilum in heanesse beo+d up worpene, hwilum
eft [{togenum{] +dara fyra +dearsmum w+aron eft 
aslidene in neolnesse & in grund.
<R 13.426.25>
Swelce eac unar+afnedlic fullness w+as mid +t+as fyres +trosme
uppawallende, & ealle +da stowe +dara +tiostra gefylde.
<R 13.426.26>
Mid +dy ic +da longe +t+ar forht stod, & me w+as uncu+d, hw+at
ic dyde o+d+te hwider ic eode o+d+te hwelc ende
me come, +da geherde ic s+amninga micelne sw+ag me on
b+acling unm+ates wopes & earmlices, swelce eac 
micel gehled & ceahetunge swa swa ungel+aredes folces &
biosmriendes geh+aftum heora feondum.
<R 13.426.31>
+ta he +da se sweg me near w+as & to me becom, +ta geseah ic
m+anigo +tara [{wergra{] gasta v manna saula grornende 
& heofende teon & l+adan on midde +ta +teostra, & heo on 
<P 428>
+don swi+de blissedon & ceahheton.
<R 13.428.1>
+tara manna sum w+as, +t+as +de ic gewiton meahte, bescoren
preost, sum wes l+awde, sum w+as wifmon.
<R 13.428.3>
Tugon heo +da wergan gastas & ni+der mid geweotan in midde +da
niolnesse +d+as byrnendan leges.
<R 13.428.4>
Mid +dy heo +da fir gewiten w+aron, & ic +done wop +tara manna
& +tone hleahtor +tara diofla sweotolice geheran 
ne meahte, hw+a+dre ic +done sweg +da gena gemengedne
in earum h+afde.
<R 13.428.7>
Betwioh +das +ting +da upp comon sume +dara +tiostra gasta of
+dere niolnesse, & of +d+are witestowe, & mec
utan ymbsaldon.
<R 13.428.9>
H+afdon heo fyrene eagan & full fyr of heora mu+de & of heora
nasum w+aron ut blawende; ond fyrene tangan 
him on handa h+afdon, & m+ac nerwdon, & me tobeotedon,
+t+at heo mid +tam gegripan woldon, & in +da forwyrd sendan.
<R 13.428.12>
Ond +teah +de heo mec swa bregdan & fyrhton, ne dorston heo
mec hw+a+dre ongehrinan.
<R 13.428.15>
Mid +dy ic +da w+as +aghwonan mid +dam feondum ymbsald & mid
+da [{blindnesse{] +tara +deostra utan betyned, 
+da ahof ic mine eagan upp & locade hider & geond, hw+a+der me
+anig fultum toweard w+are, +d+at ic geh+aled beon meahte.
<R 13.428.18>
+ta +ateowde me +after +t+am wege, +te ic +ar com on, betwioh
+da +teostra swa beorht scinende steorra.
<R 13.428.19>
& +d+at leoht w+as weaxende mare & mare, & hra+de to me w+as
efstende; & sona +d+as +de hit me nealehte, 
+da w+aron tostencte & onw+ag flugon ealle +da awergdan
gastas, +da +de me +ar mid heora tangan tobeotodan.
<R 13.428.23>
W+as +d+at se min latteow, se +de mec l+adde.
+ta cerde he +da sona on +da swi+dran hond, & mec ongon l+adan
su+deast on +don ro+dor, swa swa on wintre sunne upp gonge+d.
<R 13.428.25>
+ta w+are wit sona of +dam +teostrum abrogdene, & he mec
l+adde in f+agernesse smoltes leohtes.
<R 13.428.27>
Mid +dy he mec +da in openum leohte l+adde, +ta geseah ic
beforan unc +tone m+astan weall, +t+as l+ango on twa
healfe ne his heanesse +anig ende gesen w+as.
<R 13.428.29>
+ta ongan ic wundrian, for hwon wit to +tam walle eodan, mid
+dy ic on him n+anige duru ne eah+tyrl ne 
uppastignesse onhwonan on +ange halfe geseon meahte.
<R 13.428.32>
Mid +dy wit +da becoman to +dam walle, +ta sona inst+ape, ne
wat ic 
<P 430>
hwelcre endebyrdnesse, w+aron wit on 
his heanesse on +dam walle ufonweardum.
<R 13.430.2>
& +ta geseah ic +d+ar +tone rumestan feld & +tone f+agerestan,
& se w+as eall swetnesse anre full [{growendra{] blostmena.
<R 13.430.4>
Ond seo wundrigende swetnesse +t+as miclan swicces sona ealle
+da fullnessa +t+as fullan ofnes & +t+as +teostran, 
+te mec +ar [{+durhseah{] , onw+ag aflemde.
<R 13.430.6>
Ond swa micel leoht & beorhtnes ealle +ta stowe geondscan,
+t+at he ealles d+ages beorhtnisse o+d+te +d+are
midd+aglican sunnan sciman w+as beorhtre gesewen.
<R 13.430.8>
W+aron on +dissum felda unrime gesomnunge hwitra manna &
f+agra & monig se+del gefeondra w+aroda & [{blissigendra{] .
<R 13.430.10>
Mid +dy he mec +da l+adde betwih midde +da +treatas +tara
ges+aligra woruda, +ta ongan ic +tencan & me huru 
+tuhte, +t+at +t+ar w+are heofona rice, be +dam ic oft s+acgan
herde.
<R 13.430.13>
+ta ondswarode he minum ge+dohte & cw+a+d: Nis +dis, cw+a+d
he, heofona rice, swa swa +du talest & wenest.
<R 13.430.15>
Mid +dy wit +da w+aron for+dgongende & oferferdon +tas
wunenesse +tara eadigra gasta, +ta geseah ic beforan 
unc micle maran gefe leohtes & beorhtnesse +tonne ic +ar
geseah, in +d+are ic eac swylce +ta swetestan
st+afne geherde Godes lof singendra.
<R 13.430.18>
Swylce eac of +d+are stowe swa micel swetnes wundorlices
st+ances w+as onsended, +t+at sio sw+atnis, +te ic 
+ar bregde & me micel +tuhte, in +da witgemetnisse +t+as
+afteran leohtes & beorhtnesse w+as lytel & medmicel ges+awen.
<R 13.430.22>
Swylce eac swelce +t+at leoht & seo biorhtnes +t+as
blostmiendan feldes w+as medmicel gesewen in +d+are stowe 
wynsumnesse.
<R 13.430.24>
Mid +dy ic unc wende inngongende bion, +ta somninga se min
latteow gestod & butan eldenne w+as eft his 
gong cerrende: & mec eft l+adde +dy selfan w+age, +de wit
+ar coman.
<R 13.430.27>
Mid +dy wit +da eft hwerfende becoman to +dan bli+dan
wunenessum +dara hwittra gasta & f+agra, cw+a+d he to 
me: Wast +du hw+at +das +ting ealle seon, +de +tu
sceawadest & gesawa?
<R 13.430.29>
Andswarode ic him: Nese, cw+a+d ic, ne wat ic heo.
<R 13.430.30>
Cw+a+d he: Seo stow +t+ar seo denu w+as +de +tu gesawe
wallende lege & strongum celum egeslice beon, +t+at is 
seo stow, in +d+are siondon to ademanne & to cl+ansienne
+t+ara manna saula, +ta +de eldende w+aran to andettenne 
& to betenne 
<P 432>
heora synna & mand+ada, +ta hio
gefremedan: & hw+a+dre +at nehstan in +da seolfan 
tid heora dea+des to reowe geflugon, & swa of lichoman eodon.
<R 13.432.3>
+ta hw+a+dre, for+don +te heo andetnesse & hreowe in +tam
seolfan dea+de h+afdon, ealle in domes d+age to heofona 
rice becuma+d; & monige eac swylce lifigendra manna bene
& gebeda & +almesse & f+asten & ealra 
swi+dust m+assesong gefultume+d, +t+at heo +ar domes d+age
generede beo+d.
<R 13.432.7>
& wite +du +t+at se legfamblawenda sea+d & se fula, +tone +du
gesawe, +t+at w+as helle tintreges mu+d, in +done 
swa hwelc mon swa +anige si+de in befalle+d, n+afre he
+tonan in ecnisse genered bi+d.
<R 13.432.10>
Sio blostmberende stow +tonne, in +d+are +tu +d+at f+agreste
weorud in giogo+dhadnesse gesawe scinan & wynsumian, 
+t+at is seo stow, in +d+are beo+d onfangne
so+df+astra saula, +da +te on godum wiorcum of lichoman
gonga+d, & hw+a+dre ne beo+d swa micelre fullfremednesse,
+t+at hio sona sion to heofona rice gel+adde.
<R 13.432.14>
Ealle +da hw+a+dre in domes d+age to Cristes gesih+de & to
gefean +t+as heofonlican rices ingonga+d.
<R 13.432.16>
For+don swa hwelc swa in eallum worde & wiorce & in ge+dohte
fullfremede beo+d, sona +d+as +de of lichoman 
gonga+d, becuma+d to +dam heofonlican rice.
<R 13.432.18>
To +d+as rices nioweste belimpe+d sio stow, +t+ar +du +tone
sweg +d+as we+dan songes mid +dy swicce +t+are swetnisse 
geherdest, & +ta beorhtnesse +t+as miclan leohtes
gesawa.
<R 13.432.21>
Ac +du +tonne, for+don +tu nu scealt eft to lichoman hweorfan
& eft betwih mannum lifgan, gif +du +dine d+ade 
& +teawas & +tin word in rihtnesse & in bilewitnisse
geornlice haldan wilt, +tonne onfehstu +after 
dea+de +ta wunenesse stowe betwih +da blissiendan weorud +tara
eadigra gasta, +de +du nu nehst gesawe & sceawadest.
<R 13.432.26>
Ond eac wite +du, +ta ic sume tid fram +de gewat, to +don ic
+d+at dyde, +t+at ic wolde geahsian & gewitan 
hw+at be +de beon scolde.
<R 13.432.28>
Mid +dy he +da to me cw+a+d, +t+at ic eft to lichoman hweorfan
scolde, +ta w+as ic +d+as swi+de wundrigende & 
onscuniende & me la+d w+as.
<R 13.432.30>
For+don +te ic lustfullede +t+are stowe swetnesse & wlite,
+de ic +d+ar geseah, & eac somod +tara gem+anan 
& eadignesse brucan, +de ic on +d+are stowe sceawade.
<R 13.432.32>
& ic hw+a+dre minne lateow 
<P 434>
ne dorste owiht biddan.
<R 13.434.1>
Ah nu betwihn +das +ding, ne wat ic hwelcre +andebyrdnisse, ic
mec nu geseo betwih monnum lifigan.
<R 13.434.4>
+da +ding & eac o+dero, +de se Dryhtnes wer geseah, nales
eallum monnum +ahwer suongrum & heora liifes 
ungemendum s+acgan wolde; ah +d+am anum, +da +de o+d+te for
ege tinterigo afyrhte w+aron, o+d+te mid hyhte +tara 
ecra gefeana & eadignesse lustfulledon, +t+am he wolde mid
arf+astnesse lufan +da +ting cy+dan & s+acgan.
<R 13.434.8>
W+as sum munuc & m+assepreost in [{nehnesse{] his cetan
eardigende, +t+as noma w+as Hamgels, & +tone h+ad mid 
godum d+adum efenlice heold; se eft in Ibernia +t+am ealonde
+t+are ytmestan eldo his lifes in ancorsetle 
mid medmicle hlafe & cealdan w+atre awre+dede.
<R 13.434.12>
+ta gelomlice w+as inngongende to +dam ilcan were & +turh his
geornfulle frygenisse fram him geherde hwilice 
+ding +de he geseah +da he w+as lichoman ongerwed.
<R 13.434.15>
+turh +t+as onwriginesse & gesegene eac swylce +da feoo +de we
her writon to usse cy+d+te becuoman.
<R 13.434.16>
S+agde he eac swylce his gesih+de Aldfri+de +d+am cyninge, se
w+as in halgum gebedum se gel+aredesta; & he
swa lustlice & swa geornfullice w+as fram him gehered, +t+at
he in +d+at gemyndgade mynster mid his bene 
inngedon w+as & inn munuchade bescoren.
<R 13.434.20>
Ond +tonne he se cynng in +da d+alas +d+as londes becom, +t+at
he gelomlice w+as to him gongende +t+at he wolde 
his word & his s+agene geheran.
<R 13.434.22>
In +d+am mynstre w+as in +da tid +afestes lifes & gemetf+astes
liifes abbud & m+assepreost +a+delwald haten, 
se efter +don eft +d+at biscopsetl efenwyr+dum d+adum his
hades +d+are cirican +at Lindesfearona ea s+at & heold.
<R 13.434.27>
Onf+ang he se Godes mon in +d+am ilcan mynstre dehle stowe
wunenesse, +t+at he +d+ar meahte freolslice in 
singalum gebedum his sceppende heran & +deowigan.
<R 13.434.29>
Ond for+don seo seolfe stow on ofer +d+as streames w+as
geseted, w+as his gewuna for +d+are miclan lufan his 
lichoman cl+ansunge, +t+at he gelomlice inn +done stream
eode & +d+ar in sealmsonge & in gebedum stod 
& f+aste awunode hwilum o+d 
<P 436>
midden sidan, hwilum o+d +done
sweoran; & hiene in +d+am streame s+ancte & defde, 
swa longe sw+a he gesegen w+as +t+at he ar+afnan meahte.
<R 13.436.3>
& +tonne he +donan gongende w+as to londe, n+afre he +da his
w+atan hr+al & +ta cealdan forl+atan wolde, o+d+t+at 
hio eft of his seolfes lichoman gewermedon & adrugedon.
<R 13.436.5>
Mid +dy [{+te{] in midwintres tide, ymb hiene flowendum +t+am
sticcum halfbrocenra iisa, +da he seolfa oft
gebr+ac & gescende, +t+at he stowe h+afde in +d+am streame to
standenne o+d+te hiene to bis+ancenne, cw+adon
him men to, +ta +d+at gesawon: Hw+at +t+at is wundor, bro+dor
Dryhthelm w+as +d+at +t+as weres nama +t+at +du swa
[{micle{] re+dnesse celes +ange rehte ar+afnan meaht:
ondswarode he bilwitlice, for+don +te he w+as bilwitre 
gleawnisse & gemetf+astre gecynde mon, & cw+a+d: Caldran ic
geseah.
<R 13.436.12>
Ond mid +dy heo cw+adon: +t+at is wundor, +t+at +du swa r+a+de
forh+afdnisse & swa hearde habban wilt: ondswarode 
he him: Heardran & hr+a+d+tran ic geseah.
<R 13.436.15>
& he swa o+d +tone d+ag his gec+anenisse of middangearde mid
ungeswencedlice luste heofonlicra goda +tone 
ealdan lichoman his betwihn d+aghw+amlice f+asteno sw+ancte
& temede; & he monegum mannum ge in wordum 
ge on his lifes bisene on h+alo w+as.



<B COOHTWU2>
<Q O2 NN HIST OHTHR2>
<N OHTHERE 2>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  OHTHERE AND WULFSTAN (MS L).
KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS, PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 79.
ED. H. SWEET.
LONDON, 1959 (1883).
PP. 17.1 - 18.2^]

[^B9.2.2^]
<P 17>
<R 1.17.1>
Ohthere s+ade his hlaforde, +Alfrede cyninge, +t+at he ealra
Nor+dmonna nor+tmest bude.
<R 1.17.2>
He cw+a+d +t+at he bude on +t+am lande nor+tweardum wi+t +ta
Wests+a.
<R 1.17.3>
He s+ade +teah [{+t+at{] +t+at land sie swi+te lang nor+t
+tonan; ac hit is eal weste, buton on feawum stowum 
styccem+alum wicia+d Finnas, on hunto+de on wintra, & on sumera
on fisca+te be +t+are s+a.
<R 1.17.7>
He s+ade +t+at he +at sumum cirre wolde fandian hu longe +t+at
land nor+tryhte l+age, o+t+te hw+a+der +anig mon 
be nor+dan +t+am westenne bude.
<R 1.17.9>
+ta for he nor+tryhte be +t+am lande: let him ealne weg +t+at
weste land on +d+at steorbord, & +ta wids+a on 
+d+at b+acbord +trie dagas.
<R 1.17.11>
+ta w+as he swa feor nor+t swa +ta hw+alhuntan firrest fara+t.
<R 1.17.12>
+ta for he +tagiet nor+tryhte swa feor swa he meahte on +t+am
o+trum +trim dagum gesiglan.
<R 1.17.13>
+ta beag +t+at land +t+ar eastryhte, o+t+te seo s+a in on
+d+at lond, he nysse hw+a+der; buton he wisse +d+at he 
+d+ar bad westanwindes & hwon nor+tan, & siglde +da east be
lande swa swa he meahte on feower dagum gesiglan.
<R 1.17.17>
+ta sceolde he +d+ar bidan ryhtnor+tanwindes, for +d+am +t+at
land beag +t+ar su+tryhte, o+t+te seo s+a in on +d+at
 land, he nysse hw+a+ter.
<R 1.17.19>
+ta siglde he +tonan su+dryhte be lande swa swa he mehte on
fif dagum gesiglan.
<R 1.17.20>
+da l+ag +t+ar an micel ea up in on +t+at land.
<R 1.17.21>
+ta cirdon hie up in on +da ea, for +t+am hie ne dorston for+t
bi +t+are ea siglan for unfri+te; for +t+am +d+at 
land w+as eall gebun on o+tre healfe +t+are eas.
<R 1.17.23>
Ne mette he +ar nan gebun land, si+t+tan he from his agnum ham
for.
<R 1.17.24>
Ac him w+as ealne weg weste land on +t+at steorbord, butan
fiscerum & fugelerum & huntum, & +t+at w+aron 
eall Finnas; & him w+as a wids+a on +d+at b+acbord.
<R 1.17.27>
+ta Beormas h+afdon swi+te wel gebud hira land; ac hie ne
dorston +t+ar on cuman.
<R 1.17.28>
Ac +tara Terfinna land w+as eal weste buton +d+ar huntan
gewicodon, o+t+te fisceras, o+t+te fugeleras.
<R 1.17.31>
Fela spella him s+adon +ta Beormas +ag+ter ge of hiera agnum
lande ge of +t+am landum +te ymb hie utan w+aron; 
ac he nyste hw+at +t+as so+tes w+as, for +t+am he hit self
ne geseah +ta Finnas, him +tuhte, & +ta Beormas 
spr+acon neah an ge+teode.
<R 1.17.35>
Swi+tost he for +dider, toeacan +t+as landes sceawunge, for
+t+am horschw+alum, for +d+am hie habba+d swi+te +a+tele 
ban on hiora 
<P 18>
to+tum +ta te+d hie brohton sume +t+am cyninge, 
& hiora hyd



<B COOROSIU>
<Q O2 NN HIST OROS>
<N OROSIUS>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  ALFRED'S OROSIUS.
KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS, PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 79.
ED. H. SWEET.
LONDON, 1959 (1883).
PP. 58.13 - 78.30   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 102.1 - 120.18  (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 228.1 - 238.14  (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B9.2.3^]
<P 58>
<R 1.58.13>
Ic wene, cw+a+d Orosius, +t+at nan wis mon ne sie, buton he
genoh geare wite +t+atte God +tone +arestan monn 
ryhtne & godne gesceop, & eal monncynn mid him.
<R 1.58.15>
Ond for +ton +te he +t+at god forlet +te him geseald w+as, &
wyrse geceas, hit God si+t+tan longsumlice wrecende 
w+as, +arest on him selfum, & si+t+tan on his bearnum
gind ealne +tisne middangeard mid monigfealdum 
brocum & gewinnum, ge eac +tas eor+tan, +te ealle cwice
wyhta bi libba+d, ealle hiere w+astmb+aro [{he{] gelytlade.
<R 1.58.21>
Nu we witan +t+at ure Dryhten us gesceop; we witon eac +t+at
he ure reccend is, & us mid ryhtlicran lufan 
lufa+d +tonne +anig mon.
<R 1.58.23>
Nu we witon +t+at ealle onwealdas from him sindon; we witon
eac +t+at ealle ricu sint from him, for +ton
 ealle onwealdas of rice sindon.
<R 1.58.25>
Nu he +tara l+assena rica reccend is, hu micle swi+tor wene we
+t+at he ofer +ta maran sie, +te on swa unmetlican 
onwealdun ricsedon.
<R 1.58.28>
An w+as Babylonicum, +t+ar Ninus ricsade; +t+at o+der w+as
Creca, +t+ar Alexander ricsade; +tridda w+as Affricanum, 
[{+t+ar{] Ptolome ricsedon; se feor+da is Romane, +te
giet ricsiende sindon.
<R 1.58.31>
+tas feower heafodricu sindon on feower endum +tyses
<P 60>
middangeardes, mid unasecgendlicre Godes tacnunge.
<R 1.60.1>
+t+at Babylonicum w+as +t+at forme, & on easteweardum; +t+at
+afterre w+as +t+at Crecisce, & on nor+deweardum; 
+t+at +tridde w+as +t+at Affricanum, & on su+dweardum; +t+at
feor+te is Romane, & on westeweardum.
<R 1.60.5>
Babylonisce +t+at +areste & Romane +t+at si+dmeste hie w+aron
swa f+ader & sunu, +tonne hie heora willan moton wel wealdan.
<R 1.60.7>
+t+at Crecisce & +t+at [{Affricanisce{] w+aron swa swa hie him
hiersumedon, & him under+tieded w+are.
<R 1.60.8>
+t+at ic wille eac gescadwislecor gesecgean, +t+at hit mon
geornor ongietan [{m+age{] .
<R 1.60.11>
 Se +aresta cyning w+as Ninus haten, swa we +ar beforan
s+agden.
<R 1.60.12>
+ta hiene mon ofslog, +ta feng Sameramis his cwen to +t+am
rice, & getimbrede +ta burg Babylonie, to +ton
 +t+at heo w+are heafod ealra Asiria; & hit fela wintra
si+t+tan on +t+am stod, o+d +d+at Arbatus, Me+ta ealdormon, 
Sardanopolum Babylonia cyning ofslog.
<R 1.60.16>
+ta wear+d Babylonia & Asiria anwald geendad, & gehwearf on
Me+das.
<R 1.60.17>
On +t+am ilcan geare +te +tiss w+as, Procos, Numetores f+ader,
ongon ricsian in Italia +t+am londe, +t+ar eft
 Romeburg getimbred wear+d.
<R 1.60.19>
Se Procos w+as Numetores f+ader & Mulieses, & w+as Siluian
eam.
<R 1.60.20>
Seo Siluie w+as Romuses modor & Romules, +te Romeburg
getimbredon.
<R 1.60.21>
+d+at wille ic gecy+tan, +t+at +ta ricu of nanes monnes mihtum
swa gecr+aftgade ne wurdon, ne for nanre wyrde 
buton from Godes gestihtunge.
<R 1.60.25>
Ealle st+arwriteras secga+d +t+at Asiria rice +at Ninuse
begunne, & Romana rice +at Procose begunne.
<R 1.60.26>
From +d+am +arestan geare Ninuses rices o+d+t+at Babylonia
burg getimbred w+as, w+aron LXIIII wintra; eac of 
+d+am ilcan geare +te Procos ricsade in Italia w+aron eac
swilce LXIIII wintra, +ar mon Romeburg getimbrede.
<R 1.60.30>
+ty ilcan geare +te Romana rice weaxan ongann ond miclian, on
Procos d+age +t+as cyninges, +ty ilcan geare 
gefeoll Babylonia & eall Asiria rice & hiora anwald, +after
+t+am +de mon heora cyning ofslog Sardanopolum.
<R 1.60.33>
 Si+t+tan h+afdon Caldei +ta lond gebun on freodome, +te nihst
+t+are byrig w+aron, 
<P 62>
+teh +te M+a+de h+afden +tone
 anwald ofer hie, o+d+t+at Cirus, Persea cyning, ricsian
ongann, & ealle Babylonia aweste, & ealle Asirie 
& ealle M+a+te on Persa anwald gedyde.
<R 1.62.3>
+t+at +ta swa gelomp, +d+atte on +t+are ilcan tide +te
Babylonia +diowdome onfeng from Ciruse +d+am cyninge, +t+atte 
Roma aliesed wear+d of +teowdome +tara unryhtwisestana
cyninga & +tara ofermodgestana, +te mon h+at 
Tarcuinie; & +da +d+at eastrice in Asiria gefeoll, +ta eac
+t+at westrice in Roma aras.
<R 1.62.9>
Giet sc+al ic, cw+a+d Orosius, monigfealdlecor sprecan wi+t
+ta +te secga+d +t+at +ta anwaldas sien of wyrda 
m+agenum gewordene, nales of Godes gestihtunge, hu emnlice hit
gelomp ymb +das tu heofodricu, Asiria 
& Romana, swa swa we +ar s+agdon, +t+atte Ninus ricsade on
+don eastrice LII wintra, & +after him his cwen
Sameramis XLII wintra, & on middeweardum hire rice hio
getimbrede Babylonia +ta burg.
<R 1.62.15>
From +t+am geare +te heo getimbred wear+d, w+as hire anwald M
wintra & C & LX & foln+ah feower, +ar hio hiere 
anwaldes benumen wurde & beswicen from Arbate hiere agnum
ealdormenn & Me+ta cyninge; +teh +te si+d+tan 
ymbe +ta burg lytle hwile freodom w+are buton onwalde,
swa we +ar s+agdon, from Caldei +t+am leodum.
<R 1.62.19>
Swa eac swilce wear+d Romeburg ymb M wintra & C & LX & folneah
feower, +t+atte Alrica hiere ealdormon 
& Gotona cyning hiere onwaldes hie beniman woldon; & heo
hw+a+dere onwealg on hiere onwalde +after +turhwunade.
<R 1.62.24>
+teh +te +ag+ter +tissa burga +turh Godes diegelnessa +tus
getacnod wurde: +arest Babylonia +turh hiere agenne 
ealdormon, +ta he hiere cyning beswac; swa eac Roma, +ta hi
hiere agen ealdormonn & Gotona cyning 
hiere anwaldes beniman woldon, hit +teh God for heora
cristendome ne ge+tafode, na+ter ne for heora caseras 
ne for heora selfra, ac hie nugiet ricsiende sindon
+ag+ter ge mid hiera cristendome ge mid hiora 
anwalde ge mid hiera caserum.
<R 1.62.32>
+tis ic sprece nu for +d+am +te ic wolde +t+at +ta ongeaten,
+te +ta tida ures cristendomes leahtria+d, hwelc
 mildsung si+t+tan w+as, si+t+tan se cristendom w+as; & hu
monigfeald wolb+arnes +d+are worulde +ar +t+am w+as; 
& eac +t+at hie oncnewen hu 
<P 64>
gelimplice ure God on +t+am +arran
tidum +ta anwaldas & +ta ricu sette, se ilca 
se +te giet settende is & wendende +alce onwaldas & +alc
rice to his willan.
<R 1.64.3>
Hu gelice onginn +ta twa byrg h+afdon, & hu gelice heora dagas
w+aron, +ag+der ge on [{+d+am{] gode ge on +d+am
 yfele.
<R 1.64.5>
Ac hiora anwalda endas w+aron swi+te ungelice; for +ton +te
Babylonie mid monigfealdum unryhtum & firenlustum 
mid heora cyninge buton +alcre hreowe libbende w+aran,
+t+at hie hit na gebetan noldan, +ar +ton hie 
God mid +t+am m+astan bismere geea+dmedde, +ta he hie
+ag+dres benam ge heora cyninges ge heora anwaldes; 
ac Romane mid hiora cristnan cyninge Gode +towiende w+aron,
+t+atte he him for +t+am +ag+tres geu+te, ge 
hiora cyninges ge heora anwaldes.
<R 1.64.13>
For +t+am magan hiora spr+ace gemetgian +ta +te +t+as
cristendomes wi+terflitan sint, gif hie gemunan willa+d 
hiora ieldrena uncl+annessa, & heora wolgewinna, & hiora
monigfealdan unsibbe, & hiora unmiltsunge
 +te hie to gode h+afdon, ge eac him selfum betweonum; +d+at
hie nane mildheortnesse +turhteon ne mehtan, 
+ar +t+am him seo bot of +d+am cristendome com, +te hie nu
swi+tost t+ala+d.
<R 2.64.20>
Ymb feower hunde wintra & ymb feowertig +t+as +te Troia Creca
burg awested w+as, wear+d Romeburg getimbred 
from twam gebro+drum, Remuse & Romuluse.
<R 2.64.22>
& ra+de +after Romulus hiora anginn geuncl+ansade mid his
bro+dor slege, & eac si+t+tan mid his hiwunge &
 his geferena: hwelce bisena he +d+ar stellende w+as, mid
+t+am +te hie b+adon Sabini +ta burgware +t+atte hi
 him geu+den hiora dohtra him to wifum to habbanne, & hie him
+tara bena forwierndon.
<R 2.64.27>
Hi swa+teah heora un+dances mid swicdome hie begeaton, mid
+t+am +te hie b+adon +t+at hie him fylstan mosten 
+d+at hie hiera godum +te ie+d blotan mehten: +ta hie him
+t+as getyg+dedon, +ta h+afdon hi him to wifum, &
 heora f+aderum eft agiefan noldon.
<R 2.64.31>
Ymb +t+at wear+d +t+at m+aste gewinn monig gear, o+d hie
forn+ah mid ealle forsl+agene & forwordene w+aron on
 +ag+tere healfe, +t+at hie mid nanum +tinge ne mehton
gesemede wero+tan, +ar +tara Romana wif mid heora 
<P 66>
cildum iernende w+aron gemong +d+am gefeohtum, & heora f+aderum
w+aron to fotum feallende, & biddende +t+at 
hie for +tara cilda lufan +t+as gewinnes sumne ende gedyden.
<R 2.66.3>
Swa weor+dlice & swa mildelice w+as Romeburg on fruman
gehalgod, mid bro+dor blode, & mid sweora, & mid 
Romuluses eame Numetores, +tone he eac ofslog, +da he cyning
w+as, & him self si+t+tan to +d+am rice feng.
<R 2.66.7>
+tuss gebletsade Romulus Romana rice on fruman: mid his
bro+dor blode +tone weall, & mid +tara sweora blode 
+ta ciricean, & mid his eames blode +t+at rice.
<R 2.66.9>
Ond si+t+tan his agenne sweor to dea+de beswac, +ta he hiene
to him aspon, & him gehet +d+at he his rice 
wi+d hiene d+alan wolde, & hiene under +d+am ofslog.
<R 2.66.13>
He +ta Romulus +after +tiosan underfeng Cirinensa gewinn +tara
burgwarana, for +ton +te he +tagiet lytel landrice 
h+afde buton +t+are byrig anre, for +ton +te Romulus &
ealle Romware o+terum folcum unweor+de w+aran, 
for +ton +de hie on cnihthade w+aron o+terra manna
niedlingas.
<R 2.66.17>
+ta hie +da h+afdon Cirinen +ta burg ymbseten, & +d+ar
micelne hungor +toliende w+aron, +ta gecw+adan hie +t+at 
him leofre w+are +t+at hie on +d+am ierm+tum heora lif
geendodon +tonne hie +d+at gewinn forleten, o+d+de fri+d 
genamen.
<R 2.66.21>
Hie +d+ar +ta winnende w+aron o+d hie +ta burg abr+acon, &
+after +t+am wi+d +ta londleode on +alce healfe 
unablinnendlice winnende w+aron, o+d hie +d+arymbutan h+afdon
monega byrig begietena.
<R 2.66.25>
Ac +ta cyningas +te +after Romuluse ricsedon w+aron forcu+dran
& eargran +tonne he w+are, & +t+am folcum la+dran 
& unget+asran, o+d +t+atte Tarcuinius, +de we +ar ymbe
s+adon, +te hira [{eallra{] fraco+tast w+as, +ag+ter ge
 eargast, ge wr+anast, ge ofermodgast, ealra +tara Romana wif
+da +te he mehte he to [{geligre{] geniedde,
 & his suna ge+tafode +t+at he l+ag mid Latinus wife,
Lucrettie hatte, [{Brutuses{] sweostor, [{+ta{] heo on firde 
w+aron, +deh +te hie Romana bremuste w+aron to +d+am
cyninge.
<R 2.66.32>
Heo +da Lucretie hi selfe for +t+am acwealde.
<R 2.66.33>
+da +t+at Latinus hiere wer geascade, & Brutus hiere bro+dor,
+ta forleton hie +da firde +te hie bewitan sceoldan, 
& +ta hie ham comon, +ta adr+afdon hie +ag+der ge
+tone cyning, ge his sunu, ge ealle +ta +te +t+ar 
<P 68>
cynecynnes w+aron of +ty rice mid ealle.
<R 2.68.1>
Him +da Romane +after +t+am ladteowas gesetton, +te hie
consulas heton, +t+at heora rice heolde an gear an
 monn.
<R 3.68.4>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as II hunde wintrum &
IIII, +t+atte Brutus w+as se forma consul.
<R 3.68.5>
Romulus heora forma cyning & Brutus heora forma consul wurdon
emnre+de.
<R 3.68.7>
Romulus slog his bro+dor, & his eam, & his sweor.
Brutus slog his V suna & his wifes twegen bro+dor, for +ton
+te hie spr+acon +d+at hit betere w+are +t+atte Romane 
eft heora cynecynne onfengen, swa hie +ar h+afdon; for
+t+am he hie het gebindan, & beforan eallum 
+t+am folce mid besman swingan, & si+t+tan mid +axsum heora
heafda of aceorfan.
<R 3.68.13>
Tarcuinius [{+ta{] , +de +ar Romana cyning w+as, aspon Tuscea
cyning him on fultum, Porsenna w+as haten, +t+at
 he +de ie+d mehte winnan wi+d Brutuse & wi+d eallum Romanum.
<R 3.68.15>
He +da Brutus gecw+a+d anwig wi+d +tone cyning ymb heora
feondscipe; ac him Tarcuinius o+derne +degn ongean 
sende, Arrunses sunu +d+as ofermodgan, & heora +t+ar +ag+der
o+derne ofslog.
<R 3.68.19>
+after +t+am Porsenna & Tarcuinius +ta cyningas ymbs+aton
Romeburg, & hie eac begeaton, +t+ar Mutius n+are,
 an monn of +d+are byrig: he hi mid his wordum geegsade.
<R 3.68.21>
+da hie hiene gefengon, +da pinedon hie hiene mid +t+am +t+at
hie his hand forb+arndon, anne finger & anne, 
& hiene secgan heton, hu fela +t+ara manna w+are +te wi+d
+t+am cyninge Tarcuinie swi+dost wi+dsacen h+afde.
<R 3.68.25>
+ta he +d+at secgean nolde, +ta acsedon hie hine hu fela +t+ar
swelcerra manna w+are swelce he w+as.
<R 3.68.26>
+ta s+agde he him +d+at +d+ar fela +tara monna [{w+are{] , &
eac gesworen h+afdon +d+at hie o+ter forleosan woldon,
 o+t+te hira agen lif, o+t+te Porsennes +t+as cyninges.
<R 3.68.29>
+ta +t+at +ta Porsenna gehierde, he +d+at setl & +t+at gewin
mid ealle forlet, +te he +ar +treo winter dreogende w+as.
<R 4.68.32>
+after +t+am w+as +t+at Sabinisce gewinn, & him Romane +t+at
<P 70>
swi+de ondr+adende w+aron, & him gesetton [{hirran{]
 ladteow +tonne hiera consul w+are, +tone +de hie tictatores
heton, & hie mid +t+am tictatore micelne sige h+afdon.
<R 4.70.3>
+after +t+am Romane betux him selfum, +ta rican menn & +ta
earmran, micel gewinn upahofon, & him +d+at to 
longsumere wrace come, +t+ar hie +de ra+dor gesemed ne wurden.
<R 4.70.6>
On +t+am dagum w+aron +ta m+astan ungetina on Romanum, +ag+der
ge on hungre ge on moncwealme, under +t+am tw+am 
consulum, Tita & Publia hatton.
<R 4.70.8>
& hie heora gefeohta +ta hwile hie gerestan, +teh hie +t+as
hungres & +t+as moncwealmes ne mehte, ac +ta monigfealdan 
ierm+to +ta werigan burg swi+te brociende w+aran.
<R 4.70.12>
+ar +d+am +te seo wol geendod w+are, Ueigentes & Etrusci +ta
leode wi+d Romanum gewinn up ahofon, & wi+d +t+am 
tw+am consulum, Marcuse & Grease.
<R 4.70.14>
& +ta Romane him ongean foran, & him betweonum a+tas gesworan
+t+at hiera nan nolde eft eard gesecan buton hie sige h+afden.
<R 4.70.16>
+t+ar w+aron Romane swa swi+te forsl+agene, +teh hie sige
h+afden, +t+at heora an consul +te him to [{lafe{] wear+d 
forsoc +tone triumhpan, +te him mon ongean brohte +ta he
hamweard w+as, & s+ade +t+at hie h+afden bet [{gewyrht{] 
+t+at him mon mid heafe ongean come +tonne mid
triumphan.
<R 4.70.22>
+t+at hie triumphan heton, +t+at w+as +tonne hie hwelc folc
mid gefeohte ofercumen h+afdon, +tonne w+as heora 
+teaw +t+at sceoldon ealle hiera senatus cuman ongean heora
consulas +after +t+am gefeohte, siex mila from 
+d+are byrig, mid cr+atw+ane, mid golde & mid gimstanum
gefr+atwedum, & hie sceoldon bringan feowerfetes 
twa hwit.
<R 4.70.27>
+tonne hie hamweard foran, +tonne sceoldon hiera senatus ridan
on cr+atw+anum wi+d+aftan +t+am consulum, & 
+ta menn beforan him drifan gebundene +te +t+ar gefongene
w+aron, +d+at heora m+ar+ta sceoldon +ty +trymlicran
 beon.
<R 4.70.31>
Ac +tonne hie hwelc folc buton gefeohte on heora geweald
genieddon, +tonne hie hamweard w+aron, +tonne 
sceolde him man bringan ongean of +t+are byrig cr+atw+an, se
w+as mid siolfre gegiered, & +alces cynnes feowerfetes 
feos an, hiora consulum to m+ar+te.
<R 4.70.35>
+t+at w+as +tonne triumpheum.
<R 4.70.36>
Romulus gesette +arest monna senatum: +d+at w+as, an hund
<P 72>
monna, +teh heora +after fyrste w+are +treo hund.
<R 4.72.1>
+ta w+aron simbel binnan Romebyrg wuniende, to +ton +t+at hie
heora r+ad+teahteras w+aron, & consulas setton, 
& +t+at ealle Romane him hirsumeden, & +t+at hie bewisten
eal +t+at licgende feoh under anum hrofe +t+at
 hie begeaton o+t+te on gafole o+t+te on hergiunga, +t+at hie
hit si+t+tan mehten him eallum gem+anelice to 
nytte gedon, +t+am +te +t+ar buton +teowdome w+aron.
<R 4.72.8>
+ta consulas +te on +d+am dagum +t+at Sabinisce gewinn
underfengon, +te mon het eall hiera cynn Fabiane, for 
+ton hit ealra Romana +anlicost w+as & cr+aftegast.
<R 4.72.10>
Nu giet tod+age hit is on leo+dum sungen hwelcne demm hie
Romanum gefeollan.
<R 4.72.12>
Eac +t+am monega ea sindon be noman nemnede for +t+am
gefeohte, & eac +ta geata [{+te{] hie ut of Romebyrig 
to +t+am gefeohte ferdon him mon ascop +ta noman +te hie giet
habba+d.
<R 4.72.15>
+after +t+am Romane curon III hund cempena & siex, +t+at
sceolde to anwige gangan wi+d swa fela Sabina, &
 getruwedon +t+at hie mid hiera cr+aftum sceolden sige
gefeohtan.
<R 4.72.17>
Ac Sabini mid heora searwum hie ealle +t+ar ofslogon buton
anum, se +t+at la+dspel +at ham gebodade.
<R 4.72.19>
N+as na on Romanum anum, ac swa hit an scopleo+dum sungen is
+t+at gind ealne middangeard w+are caru & gewin & ege.
<R 4.72.22>
Cirus, Persa cyning, +te we +ar beforan s+agdon, +ta hwile +de
Sabini & Romane wunnon on +t+am westd+ale, +ta 
hwile wonn he +ag+ter ge on Sci+t+tie ge on Indie, o+t he
h+afde m+ast ealne +tone eastd+al awest; & +after
 +d+am fird gel+adde to Babylonia, +te +ta welegre w+as +tonne
+anigu o+teru burg.
<R 4.72.26>
Ac hiene Gandes seo [{ea{] +t+as oferf+areldes longe gelette,
for +t+am +te +t+ar scipa n+aron: +t+at is ealra ferscra 
w+atera m+ast buton Eufrate.
<R 4.72.28>
+ta gebeotode an his +degna +t+at he mid sunde +ta ea
oferfaran wolde, mid twam tyncenum; ac hiene se stream fordraf.
<R 4.72.30>
+da gebeotode Cirus +d+at he his +degn on hire swa gewrecan
wolde, +ta he swa grom wear+d on his mode & wi+t 
+ta ea gebolgen, +t+at hie mehte wifmon be hiere cneowe
oferwadan, +t+ar heo +ar w+as nigon mila brad +tonne 
heo fledu w+as.
<R 4.72.34>
He +t+at mid d+adum 
<P 74>
gel+aste, & hie upp forlet an feower hund
ea & on LX, & si+t+tan mid his firde +t+ar ofer for.
<R 4.74.2>
& +after +t+am Eufrate +ta ea, seo is m+ast eallra ferscra
w+atera, & is irnende +turh middewearde Babylonia 
burg, he hie eac mid gedelfe on monige ea upp forlet, &
si+t+tan mid eallum his folce on +d+are ea gong 
on +ta burg f+arende w+as, & hie gerahte.
<R 4.74.7>
Swa ungeliefedlic is +anigum menn +t+at to gesecgenne, hu
+anig mon mehte swelce burg gewyrcan swelce sio 
w+as, o+d+te eft abrecan.
<R 4.74.9>
Membra+d se ent angan +arest timbran Babylonia, & Ninus se
cyning +after him; & Sameramis his cwen hie
 geendade +after him on middeweardum hiere rice.
<R 4.74.11>
Seo burg w+as getimbred an fildum lande & on swi+te emnum, &
heo w+as swi+te f+ager an to locianne; & heo 
is swi+te ryhte feowerscyte; & +t+as wealles micelness &
f+astness is ungeliefedlic to secgenne: +t+at 
is, +t+at he is L elna brad, & II hund elna heah, & his
ymbgong is hundseofontig mila & seofe+da d+al anre 
mile, & he is geworht of tigelan & of eor+dtyrewan, &
ymbutan +tone weall is se m+asta dic, on +t+am
 is iernende se ungefoglecesta stream; & wi+dutan +t+am dice
is geworht twegea elna heah weall, & bufan 
+d+am maran wealle ofer ealne +tone ymbgong he is mid
st+anenum wighusum beworht.
<R 4.74.22>
Seo ilce burg Babylonia, seo +de m+ast w+as & +arest ealra
burga, seo is nu l+ast & westast.
<R 4.74.23>
Nu seo burg swelc is, +te +ar w+as ealra weorca f+astast &
wunderlecast & m+arast, gelice & heo w+are to 
bisene asteald eallum middangearde, & eac swelce heo self
sprecende sie to eallum moncynne, & cwe+te: 
Nu ic +tuss gehroren eam & aweg gewiten, hw+at, ge magan on
me ongietan & oncnawan +t+at ge nanuht mid 
eow nabba+d f+astes ne stronges +t+atte +turhwunigean m+age.
<R 4.74.29>
On +d+am dagum +te Cirus Persa cyning Babylonia abr+ac, +da
w+as Croesus se li+ta cyning mid firde gefaren
 Babylonium to fultume; ac +ta he wiste +t+at hie him on nanum
fultome beon ne m+ahte, & +t+at seo burg abrocen 
w+as, he him hamweard ferde to his agnum rice.
<R 4.74.33>
& him Cirus w+as +afterfylgende, o+t he hiene gefeng, &
ofslog.
<R 4.74.34>
Ond nu ure Cristne Roma bespric+d +t+at hiere [{weallas{] for
ealdunge brosnien, nales na for +t+am +te hio 
mid forheriunge swa gebismrad w+are swa Babylonia 
<P 76>
w+as; ac heo
for hiere cristendome nugiet is gescild, 
+d+at +ag+ter ge hio self ge hiere anweald is ma hreosende
for ealddome +tonne of +aniges cyninges niede.
<R 4.76.4>
+after +t+am Cirus gel+adde fird on Sci+t+tie, & him +d+ar an
giong cyning mid firde ongean for, & his modor mid him Damaris.
<R 4.76.6>
+ta Cirus for ofer +t+at londgem+are, ofer +ta ea +te hatte
Araxis, him +t+ar se gionga cyning +t+as oferf+areldes 
forwiernan mehte; ac he for +t+am nolde +ty he mid his
folce getruwade +d+at he hiene beswican mehte, 
si+t+tan he binnan +d+am gem+are w+are, & wicstowa name.
<R 4.76.10>
Ac +ta Cirus geahsade +t+at hiene se gionga cyning +t+ar
secean wolde, & eac +t+at +t+am folce seldsiene & uncu+de 
w+aron wines dryncas, he for +t+am of +d+are wicstowe
afor on ane digle stowe, & +t+ar be+aftan forlet 
eall +t+at +t+ar li+des w+as & swetes; +t+at +ta se gionga
cyning swi+dor micle wenende w+as +t+at hie +tonon fleonde 
w+aren +tonne hie +anigne swicdom cy+tan dorsten.
<R 4.76.16>
+ta hie hit +t+ar swa +amenne metton, hie +d+ar +ta mid
micelre bli+dnesse buton gemetgunge +t+at win drincende 
w+aron, o+d hi heora selfra lytel geweald h+afdon.
<R 4.76.19>
He +ta Cirus hie +t+ar besyrede & mid ealle ofslog; & si+t+tan
w+as farende +t+ar +d+as cyninges modor mid +t+am 
tw+am d+alum +t+as folces wuniende w+as, +ta he +tone
+driddan d+al mid +d+am cyninge beswicen h+afde.
<R 4.76.22>
Hio +ta seo cwen Dameris mid micelre gnornunge ymb +t+as
cyninges slege hiere suna +tencende w+as, hu heo 
hit gewrecan mehte; & +t+at eac mid d+adum gel+aste, & hier
folc on tu tod+alde, +ag+ter ge wifmen ge w+apnedmen, 
for +ton +te +t+ar wifmenn feohta+d swa same swa
w+apnedmen.
<R 4.76.27>
Hio mid +t+am healfan d+ale beforan +t+am cyninge farende
w+as, swelce heo fleonde w+are, o+d hio hiene gel+adde 
on an micel sl+ad, & se healfa d+al w+as Ciruse
+afterfylgende.
<R 4.76.30>
+t+ar wear+t Cirus ofsl+agen, & twa +tusend monna mid him.
<R 4.76.31>
Seo cwen het +ta +d+am cyninge +t+at heafod of aceorfan, &
beweorpan on anne cylle, se w+as afylled monnes 
blodes, & +tus cw+a+d: +tu +te +tyrstende w+are monnes
blodes XXX wintra, drync nu +tine fylle.
<P 78>
<R 5.78.1>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as twa hunde wintra &
IIIIX, +t+atte [{Cambisis{] feng to Persa rice, Ciruses 
sunu, se, mid +ton +te he Egypte oferwon, gedyde +t+at
nan h+a+ten cyning +ar gedon ne dorste, +t+at 
w+as +t+at he heora godgieldum eallum wi+dsoc, & hie +after
+t+am mid ealle towearp.
<R 5.78.6>
+after him ricsade Darius, se awende ealle Asiri+e & Caldei
eft to Perseum, +te +ar from him gebogene w+aron.
<R 5.78.7>
+after +t+am he wonn on Sci+t+tie, +ag+ter ge for Ciruses
slege +t+as cyninges, his m+ages, ge eac for +t+am +te
 him [{mon{] +d+ar wifes forwiernde.
<R 5.78.10>
 His heres w+as seofon hund +tusenda, +ta he on Sci+d+tie for.
<R 5.78.11>
Hw+a+tere +da Sci+t+tie noldon hiene gesecan to folcgefeohte,
ac +tonne hie gind +t+at lond tofarene w+aron,
 hie +tonne hie floccm+alum slogan.
<R 5.78.13>
+ta w+aron +da Perse mid +t+am swi+te geegsade, & eac ondredon
+t+at mon +ta brycge forwyrcan wolde +te +at +t+am 
gem+are w+as, +t+at hie si+t+tan nysten hu hie +tonan comen.
<R 5.78.16>
He +ta se cyning, +after +d+am +te his folc swi+te forsl+agen
w+as, +t+ar forlet hundeahtatig +tusenda be+aftan
 him, +t+at hie +d+ar +tagiet leng winnan sceoldon, & he self
+tonan gewat on +ta l+assan Asiam, & hie forhergeade; 
& si+t+tan on M+acedoniam, & on Ionas Creca leode, & 
+ta hie butu oferhergeade; & for si+d+dan firr 
an Crecas, & gewin upp ahof wi+d Athenienses, for +t+am
hie M+acedoniam on fultume w+aron.
<R 5.78.22>
Sona swa Atheniense [{wiston{] +t+at Darius hie mid gefeohte
secan wolde, hie acuron endlefan +tusend monna, 
& him ongean foran, & +tone cyning +at +d+are dune metton
+te mon h+att [{Morotthonie{] .
<R 5.78.26>
Heora ladteow w+as haten Htesseus; se w+as mid his d+adum
snelra +tonne he m+agenes h+afde; se geworhte micelne 
dom on +d+am gefeohte.
<R 5.78.28>
+ta wear+d tu hund +tusenda Persea ofsl+agen, & +ta o+tre
gefliemed.
<R 5.78.29>
+Da he eft h+afde fird gegaderod on Perseum, & +t+at wrecan
+tohte, +ta gefor he.

<S SAMPLE 2>
[^B9.2.4^]
<P 102>
<R 3.102.1>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as III hund wintra &
LXXXIII, +ta +ta Laucius, +te o+tre noman w+as haten 
Genutius, & Quintus, +te o+tre noman w+as haten Serfilius,
+da hie w+aron consulas on Rome, gewear+d se 
micla moncwealm on +t+am londe: na, swa hit gewuna is, of
untidlican gewideran, +t+at is, of w+atum sumerum, 
& of drygum wintrum, & of re+dre lenctenh+ate, & mid
ungem+atre h+arfestw+atan & +afterh+a+tan; ac an 
wind com of Calabria wealde, & se wol mid +t+am winde.
<R 3.102.8>
+tes moncwealm w+as on Romanum full II gear ofer ealle menn
gelice, +teh +te sume deade w+aron, sume unea+te 
gedrycnede aweg coman; o+t +t+at heora biscepas s+adon
+t+at heora godas b+adon +t+at him man worhte anfiteatra, 
+t+at mon mehte +tone h+a+deniscan plegan +t+arinne
don, & hiora diofolgield, +t+at w+aron openlice 
ealle uncl+annessa.
<R 3.102.14>
Her [{me{] magon nu, cw+a+d Orosius, +ta geondwyrdon +te +t+as
cristendomes wi+derflitan sint, hu heora godas
 +turh heora blotunge & +turh hiera diofolgield +t+as
monncwealmes gehulpon, buton +t+at hie ne angeatan 
mid hwelcum scinncr+afte & mid hwelcum lotwrence hit deofla
dydon, n+as na se so+da God, +d+at hie mid +ty 
yfele +ta menn swenctan, to +don +t+at hie geliefdon heora
ofrunga & heora deofolgieldum, & +t+at hie +tonan 
mosten to +t+am sawlum becuman, & +t+at hie [{hie{]
mosten tawian mid +t+are m+astan bismrunge +at heora 
anfiteatra.
<R 3.102.22>
+ta w+aron unarimede, & me nu monigfeald to secganne, for +ton
+tu, f+ader Agustinus, hie h+afst on +tinum
 bocum sweotole ges+ad; & ic gehwam wille +t+arto t+acan +te
hiene his lyst ma to witanne.
<R 3.102.26>
+after +teosan on +t+am ilcan geare tohlad seo eor+te binnan
Romebyrig.
<R 3.102.27>
+ta s+adon heora biscepas eft +t+at heora godas b+adan +t+at
him mon sealde +anne cucne mon, +ta him +tuhte +t+at 
heo heora deadra to lyt h+afden.
<R 3.102.29>
& seo eor+te swa giniende bad, o+t +t+at Marcus, +te o+tre
noman hatte Curtius, mid horse & mid w+apnum +t+aroninnan 
besceat; & hio si+t+tan tog+adre behlad.
<P 104>
<R 4.104.1>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as III hund wintra &
LXXXVIII, +t+atte Gallie oferhergedan Romana lond 
o+d IIII mila to +d+are byrig, & +ta burg mehton ea+de
begitan gif hie +t+ar ne gewicadon; for +ton Romane 
w+aron swa forhte & swa +amode, +t+at hie ne wendon +t+at
hie +ta burg bewerian mehton.
<R 4.104.5>
Ac +t+as on morgenne Titus heora ladteow, +te o+dre noman w+as
haten Quintius, hie mid firde gesohte.
<R 4.104.7>
+t+ar gefeaht Mallius anwig, +te o+dre noman w+as haten
Tarcwatus, wi+d anne Galliscne monn, & hiene ofslog; 
& Titus Cuintius +ta o+dre sume gefliemde sume ofslog.
<R 4.104.10>
Be +t+am mon mehte ongietan hw+at +d+ar ofslagen w+as, +ta
heora fela +dusenda gefongen w+as.
<R 5.104.12>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as IIII hunde wintra &
II, +d+atte Cartaina +t+are burge +arendracan comon 
to Rome, & him gebudon +t+at hie fri+d him betweonum
h+afden, for +ton [{hie on an{] [^FOR THE EMENDATION MS. 
READS he nan^] land +ta winnende w+aron, 
+t+at w+as on Benefente.
<R 5.104.15>
Mid +t+am +te +ta +arendracan to Rome comon, +ta com eac mid
him seo oferm+ate heards+alnesse & monegra +deoda 
ierm+ta, seo longe +after +t+am weaxende w+as, swa hit
heofones tungul on +t+am tidun cy+tende w+aron, +t+at 
hit w+as niht o+d midne d+ag, & on sumre tide hit hagalade
stanum ofer ealle Romane.
<R 5.104.21>
On +t+am dagum w+as Alexander geboren on Crecum swa swa an
micel yst come ofer ealne middangeard.
<R 5.104.22>
& Ocus, Persa cyning, +tone mon o+tere noman het Artecsersis,
+after +t+am +te he Egyptum forhergede, he 
gefor si+t+tan on Iudana lond, & hiera fela forhergeade;
si+t+tan on Ircaniam +t+am londe he heora [{swi+de{]
 fela gesette wi+d +tone s+a +te mon Caspia h+att, & hie +t+ar
gesetene sint giet o+d +tisne d+ag mid bradum 
folcum, on +d+am tohopan +t+at hie sume si+de God +tonan ado
to heora agnum lande.
<R 5.104.29>
Si+t+tan Artecsersis abr+ac Sidonem, Fenitia burg, seo w+as
+ta welegast on +d+am dagum.
<P 106>
<R 5.106.1>
+after +t+am Romane angunnan +t+at Somniticum gewinn ymbe
Campena land.
<R 5.106.2>
Hie +ta longe & oftr+adlice ymb +t+at fuhton on hweorfendum
sigum.
<R 5.106.3>
+ta getugon Somnite him on fultum Pirrusan Epira cyning, +tone
m+astan feond Romanum.
<R 5.106.4>
+t+at gewinn wear+d hw+a+dre sume hwile gestilled, for +ton
Punici wi+d Romane winnan angunnan.
<R 5.106.7>
Si+t+tan +t+at gewin angunnen w+as, gif +anig mon sie, cw+a+d
Orosius, +te on gewritun findan m+age +t+at Ianas
 dura si+t+tan belocen wurde buton anum geare, & +t+at w+as
for +t+am +te Romane eallne +tone gear an monncwealme 
l+agan, +ar eft Octauianus d+age +t+as caseres.
<R 5.106.11>
+t+at hus h+afdon Romane to +d+am anum tacne geworht +t+at on
swelce healfe swelce hie +tonne winnende beon
 woldan, swa su+t, swa nor+t, swa east, swa west, +tonne
andydan hie +ta duru +te on +ta healfe open w+as,
 +t+at hie be +t+am wiston hwider hie sceoldon.
<R 5.106.15>
& mi+d +t+am +te hie +tara dura hwelce opene gesawon, +tonne
tugon hie heora hr+agl bufan cneow, & giredon
 hie to wige; & be +t+am wiston +t+at hie wi+d sum folc fri+d
ne h+afdon.
<R 5.106.18>
& +tonne hie fri+d h+afdon, +tonne w+aron ealle +ta dura
betyneda, & hie leton hiera hr+agl ofdune to fotum.
<R 5.106.20>
Ac +ta +ta Octauianus se casere to rice feng, +ta wurdon Ianas
dura betyneda, & wear+d sibb & fri+t ofer
 ealne middangeard.
<R 5.106.22>
+after +t+am +te Perse fri+d genaman wi+d Romanum si+t+tan
gelicade eallum folcum +t+at hie Romanum under+tieded 
w+are, & hiora +a to behealdanne; & swa swi+te +tone fri+d
lufedon +t+at him leofre w+as +t+at hie Romanisce 
cyningas h+afden +tonne of heora agnum cynne.
<R 5.106.26>
On +t+am w+as sweotole getacnod +t+at nan eor+tlic man ne
mehte swelce lufe & swelce sibbe ofer eallne middangeard 
gedon swelce +ta w+as, ac heo for +t+am w+as +te
Crist on +t+am dagum geboren w+as, +te sibb is heofonwara 
& eor+dwara.
<R 5.106.30>
+t+at eac Octauianus sweotole getacnade, +ta +ta Romane him
woldon ofrian swa heora gewuna w+as, & s+adon
 +t+at sio sibb of his mihte w+are; ac he +ag+der fleah ge +ta
d+ad ge +ta s+agene, & eac self s+ade +t+at seo 
d+ad his n+are, ne eac beon ne mehte nanes eor+dlices monnes,
+t+atte ealre worolde 
<P 108>
swelce sibbe bringan
 mehte, +t+atte twa +teoda +ar habban ne mehton, ne, +d+atte
l+asse w+as, twa gem+ag+ta.
<R 6.108.3>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as IIII hunde wintrum &
VIII, gewear+d +t+atte Romane & Latine wunnon.
<R 6.108.4>
On +t+am forman gefeohte wear+d Romane consul ofslagen
Mallius, +te o+dre noman w+as haten Tarcuatus.
<R 6.108.6>
& heora o+ter consul, +te mon Detius hett, & o+dre noman Mure,
his agenne sunu [^TORONTO CORPUS: sunn^] ofslog, for +ton he
oferbr+ac heora gecwedr+adenne, +t+at w+as +t+at [{hie{] 
h+afdon gecweden +t+at hie ealle emlice on Latine tengden.
<R 6.108.9>
Ac +t+ar an ut asceat of Latina weorode, & anwiges b+ad, & him
+d+as consules sunu ongean com, & hiene +t+ar ofslog.
<R 6.108.11>
For +t+am gylte hiene eft hett his f+ader ofslean.
<R 6.108.12>
For +t+am slege noldan Romane brengan +t+am consule +tone
triumphan, +te heora gewuna w+as, +teh he sige h+afde.
<R 6.108.15>
On +d+am +afterran geare +t+as, Minutia hatte an wifmon, +te
on heora wisan sceolde nunne beon.
<R 6.108.16>
Seo h+afde gehaten heora gydenne Dianan +t+at heo wolde hiere
lif on f+amnhade alibban.
<R 6.108.18>
+ta forl+ag heo hie [{sona{] .
Hie +ta Romane for +t+am gylte +te heo hiere beot aleag, swa
cuce on eor+tan bedulfan, & nugiet to d+age 
+t+am gylte to tacne mon h+att +d+at lond Manfeld +t+ar hie
mon byrgde.
<R 6.108.22>
Ra+te +after +t+am on +tara twegea consula d+age, Claudius,
+te o+dre noman hatte Marcellus, & Ualerius, +te
 o+dre noman hatte Flaccus, +ta gewear+d hit, +teh hit me
scondlic sie, cw+a+d Orosius, +t+atte sume Romana
 wif on swelcum scinlace wurdon, & on swelcum wodan dreame,
+t+at hie woldon +alcne mon, ge wif ge w+apned, 
+tara +te hie mehton, mid atre acwellan, & hit on mete
o+t+te on drynce to ge+ticgenne gesellan.
<R 6.108.28>
& +t+at longe donde w+aron +ar +t+at folc wiste hwonan +t+at
yfel come, buton +t+at hie s+adon +t+at hit ufane of 
+d+are lyfte come, +ar +ton hit +turh +anne +teowne mon
geypped wear+d.
<R 6.108.31>
+ta w+aron ealle +ta wif beforan Romana witan gela+dede; +tara
w+as III hund & hundeahtatig.
<P 110>
<R 6.110.1>
[{&{] +t+ar w+aron geniedde +t+at hie +t+at ilce +tigedan
+t+at hie +ar o+trum sealdon, +t+at hie +t+arryhte deade 
w+aron beforan eallum +t+am monnum.
<R 7.110.4>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as IIII hund wintra &
XXII, Alexander, Epirotarum cyning, +t+as maran 
Alexandres eam, he mid eallum his m+agene wi+d Romane winnan
angan, & +at Somnite gem+are & Romana ges+at, 
& +ta nihstan landleode on +ag+tere healfe him on fultum
geteah, o+t Somnite him gefuhton wi+d, & +tone cyning ofslogon.
<R 7.110.9>
Nu ic +tyses Alexandres her gemyndgade, cw+a+d Orosius, nu ic
wille eac +t+as maran Alexandres gemunende
 beon, +t+as o+tres nefan, +teh ic ymbe Romana gewin on +t+am
gearrime for+d ofer +t+at geteled h+abbe.
<R 7.110.13>
Ic sceal hw+a+dre eft gewendan +t+at ic hwelcnehugu d+al
gesecge [{Alexandres{] d+ada; & hu Philippus his f+ader 
IIII hund wintrum +after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred
w+as, he feng to M+acedonia rice on Crecum, & +t+at 
h+afde XXV wintra, & binnan +t+am gearum he geeode ealle
+ta cynericu +te on Crecum w+aron.
<R 7.110.17>
An w+as Ahteniense, o+ter w+as Thebane, III w+as Thesali, IIII
[{w+as{] L+acedemonie, V Focenses, VI Mesi, VII 
Macedonie, +t+at he +arest h+afde.
<R 7.110.20>
Philippus +ta he cniht w+as, w+as Thebanum to gisle geseald,
Paminunde, +t+am strongan cyninge & +t+am gel+aredestan 
philosophe, from his agnum bre+ter Alexandre, +te
L+acedemonia rice +ta h+afde, & mid him gel+ared 
wear+d on +tam +trim gearum +ta he +d+ar w+as.
<R 7.110.24>
+ta wear+d Alexander ofslagen his bro+dor from his agenre
meder, +teh heo hiere o+terne sunu eac +ar ofsloge 
for hiere geligernesse; & heo w+as Philippuses
[{steopmodor{] .
<R 7.110.26>
+ta feng Philippus to M+acedonia rice, & hit ealle hwile on
miclan pleo & on miclan earfe+tan h+afde, +t+at 
+ag+ter ge him mon utane of o+drum londum an wann, ge eac
+t+at his agen folc ymbe his feorh sierede,
 +t+at him +ta +at nihstan leofre w+as +t+at he ute wunne
+tonne he +at ham w+are.
<R 7.110.31>
His forme gefeoht w+as wi+d Atheniense, & hie oferwonn; &
+after +t+am wi+d Hiliricos, +te we Pulgare hata+d, 
& heora monig +dusend ofslog, & heora m+astan 
<P 112>
burg geeode,
Larisan.
<R 7.112.1>
& si+t+tan on Thesali he +t+at gewinn swi+tost dyde for +t+are
gewilnunge +te he wolde hi him on fultum geteon 
for heora wigcr+afte, for +ton hie cu+ton on horsum ealra
folca feohtan betst & +arest.
<R 7.112.4>
Hie +ta +ag+der ge for his ege ge for his olecunge him to
gecierdon.
<R 7.112.5>
He +ta gegaderade mid heora fultume & mid his agene +ag+ter ge
ridendra ge [{gongendra{] [{unoferwinnendlicne{] here.
<R 7.112.8>
+after +t+am +te Philippus h+afde Atheniense & Thesali him
under+dieded, he begeat Arues dohtor him to wife, 
Malosorum cyninges, Olimphiade w+as hatenu.
<R 7.112.10>
Arues wende +t+at he his rice gemiclian sceolde +ta he his
dohtor Philippuse sealde.
<R 7.112.11>
Ac he hiene on +d+are wenunge geband, & him +d+at an genam
+t+at he self h+afde, & hiene si+t+tan forsende o+t 
he his lif forlet.
<R 7.112.13>
+after +t+am Philippus feaht on Thona +ta burg, on Thebana
rice; & him +d+ar wear+t o+ter eage mid anre flan ut ascoten.
<R 7.112.15>
He hw+a+dre +ta burg gewann, & eall +t+at moncynn acwealde
+t+at he +d+arinne mette.
<R 7.112.18>
& +after +t+am mid searewan he geeode eall Creca folc, for
+ton heora gewuna w+as +t+at hie woldon of +alcerre 
byrig him self anwald habban, & nan o+derre under+tied
beon, ac w+aron him swa betweonum winnende.
<R 7.112.21>
+ta b+adan hie Philippus +ast of anre byrig, +tonne of
o+terre, +t+at hie him on fultume w+are wi+t +ta +te him 
on wunnon.
<R 7.112.23>
+tonne he +ta oferswi+ded h+afde +te he +tonne on winnende
w+as mid +t+am folce +te hiene +ar fultumes b+ad, +tonne 
dyde he him +ag+ter to gewealdon: swa he belytegade ealle
Crece on his geweald.
<R 7.112.26>
+ta Crece +t+at +ta undergeaton, & eac him swi+te of+tyncendum
+t+at hie an cyning swa ie+delice forneah buton 
+alcon gewinne on his geweald be+tridian sceolde, gelice &
hie him +teowiende w+aron, he hie eac o+trum 
folcum oftr+adlice on +teowot sealde, +te +ar nan folc ne
mehte mid gefeohte gewinnan, hie +ta ealle 
wi+d hiene gewin up ahofan; & he hiene geea+dmedde to +t+am
folce +te he him +t+ar heardost ondred, +t+at w+aron 
Thesalii, & on hie gelec +t+at hie mid him [{on{] Athene
wunnon.
<R 7.112.34>
+ta hie to +d+am gem+are comon mid heora firde, +ta h+afdon
hie hiera clusan belocene.
<R 7.112.35>
+ta Philippus +t+arbinnan ne mehte +t+at he his teonan
gewr+ace, he 
<P 114>
+ta wende on +ta ane +te him +ta getriewe
 w+aron, & heora burg gefor, & +t+at folc mid ealle fordyde, &
heora hergas towearp, swa he ealle dyde
 +te he awer mette, ge eac his agene; o+t him +ta biscepas
s+adon +t+at ealle godas him irre w+aren & wi+dwinnende; 
& +teh hie him ealle irre w+aren, on +t+am XXV
wintrum +te he winnende w+as & feohtende he na oferwunnen 
ne wear+d.
<R 7.114.7>
+after he gefor on Capadotiam +t+at lond, & +t+ar ealle +ta
cyningas mid biswice ofslog.
<R 7.114.8>
Si+t+tan ealle Capadotiam him gehiersumedon.
<R 7.114.9>
& hiene si+t+tan wende on his +trie gebro+dor, & +anne ofslog,
& +ta twegen o+dflugon on Olinthum +ta burg,
 seo w+as f+astast & welegast M+acedonia rices.
<R 7.114.11>
& him Philippus +after for, & +ta burg abr+ac, & +ta bro+dor
ofslog & eall +t+at +t+arinne w+as.
<R 7.114.13>
+ta +trie gebro+dor n+aron na Philippuse gemedren, ac w+aron
gef+aderen.
<R 7.114.15>
On +t+am dagum on Tracia +t+am londe w+aron twegen cyningas
ymb +t+at [{rice{] winnende: +ta w+aron gebro+tor.
<R 7.114.16>
+ta sendan hie to Philippuse, & b+adon +t+at he hie ymb +t+at
rice gesemde, & on +t+are gewitnesse w+are +t+at
 hit emne ged+aled w+are.
<R 7.114.19>
He +ta Philippus to heora gemote com mid micelre firde, & +ta
cyningas begen ofslog & ealle +ta witan,
 & feng him to +t+am ricum b+am.
<R 7.114.21>
+after +t+am Atheniense b+adan Philippus, +t+at he heora
ladteow w+are wi+d Focenses +t+am folce, +teh hie +ar 
hiera clusan him ongean belucen, & +t+at he o+der +dara dyde,
o+t+te hie gesemde, o+t+te him gefultumade +t+at 
hi hie oferwinnan mehten.
<R 7.114.25>
He him +ta gehet +t+at he him gefultuman wolde +t+at hie hie
oferwunnen.
<R 7.114.26>
Eac +at +t+am ilcan cirre b+adan Focense his fultumes wi+d
Athene.
<R 7.114.27>
He him +ta gehet +t+at he hie geseman wolde.
<R 7.114.28>
Si+t+tan he buta +ta clusan on his gewealde h+afde, +ta dyde
he him eac +ta ricu to gewealdon; & his here
 geond +ta byrig tod+alde, & him bebead +t+at hie +d+at lond
hergiende w+aron o+t hie hit awesten; +t+at +t+am 
folce w+as +ag+tres waa, ge +t+at hie +t+at m+aste yfel
forberan sceoldon, ge eac +t+at hie his sciran ne dorstan.
<R 7.114.33>
Ac he ealle +ta ricestan forslean het, & +ta o+dre sume on
wr+acsi+d forsende, sume on o+dra mearca gesette.
<R 7.114.34>
Swa he Philippus +ta miclan ricu geni+terade, +teh +te +ar
anra gehwelc wende +t+at hit ofer monig o+tru anwald 
habban mehte, +t+at hie +ta +at nihstan hie selfe to
nohte bem+atan.
<P 116>
<R 7.116.1>
Philippuse ge+tuhte +after +t+am +t+at he an land ne mehte
+t+am folce mid gifan gecweman +te him an simbel 
w+aron mid winnende; ac he scipa gegaderode, & wicingas
wurdon, & sona +at anum cirre an C & eahtatig
 ceapscipa gefengon.
<R 7.116.4>
+ta geceas he him ane burg wi+d +tone s+a, Bizantium w+as
hatenu, to +don +t+at him gelicade +t+at hie +t+ar mehten 
betst fri+d binnan habban, & eac +t+at hie [{+t+ar{]
gehendaste w+aren on gehwelc lond +tonan to winnanne; 
ac him +ta burgleode +t+as wi+dcw+adon.
<R 7.116.8>
Philippus mid his fultume hi bes+at, & him an wann.
<R 7.116.9>
Seo ilce Bizantium w+as +arest getimbred from Pausania,
L+acedemonia ladteowe, & +after +t+am from Constantino 
+t+am cristenan casere geieced, & be his noman heo w+as
gehatenu Constantinopolim, & is nu +t+at hehste 
cynesetl & heafod ealles eastrices.
<R 7.116.13>
+after +t+am +te Philippus longe +ta burg beseten h+afde, +ta
of+tuhte him +t+at he +t+at feoh to sellanne n+afde 
his here swa hie bewuna w+aron.
<R 7.116.16>
He +ta his here on tu tod+alde: sum ymb +ta burg s+att; & he
mid sumum hlo+tum for, & monega byrg bereafode 
on Cheranisse, Creca folce; & si+t+tan for an Sci+t+tie
mid Alexandre his suna, +t+ar Atheas se cyning 
rice h+afde, +te +ar his [{ge+tofta{] w+as wi+d Hisdriana
gewinne & +ta on +d+at lond faran wolde.
<R 7.116.20>
Ac hie +ta landleode wi+d +t+at gewarnedon, & him mid firde
angean foran.
<R 7.116.22>
+ta +t+at +ta Philippus geacsade, +ta sende he +after maran
fultume to +d+am +te +ta burg ymbseten h+afdon, & 
mid ealle m+agene an hie for.
<R 7.116.24>
+teh +te Sci+t+tie h+afdon maran monmenie, & self hw+atran
w+aron, hie +teh Philippus besirede mid his lotwrencum, 
mid [{+t+am{] +t+at he his heres +triddan d+al
gehydde, & him self mid w+as, & +t+am twam d+alum bebead,
 swa hie feohtan angunnen, +t+at hie wi+d his flugen, +t+at he
si+t+tan mid +t+am +driddan d+ale hie beswican 
mehte, +tonne hie tofarene w+aron.
<R 7.116.30>
+t+ar wear+d Sci+t+tia XX M ofslagen & gefangen wifmonna &
w+apnedmonna, & +t+ar w+as XX M horsa gefangen, +teh 
hie +d+ar nan licgende feoh ne metten, swa hie +ar bewuna
w+aron +tonne hie w+alstowe geweald ahton.
<R 7.116.33>
On +t+am gefeohte w+as +arest anfunden Sci+t+tia wanspeda.
<R 7.116.34>
Eft +ta Philippus w+as 
<P 118>
+tonan cirrende, +ta offor hiene o+dere
Sci+t+tie mid lytelre firde, [{Triballe{] w+aron hatene.
<R 7.118.2>
Philippus him dyde heora wig unweor+d, o+t hiene an cwene
sceat +turh +t+at +teoh, +t+at +t+at hors w+as dead 
+te he onufan s+at.
<R 7.118.4>
+ta his here geseah +t+at he mid +ty horse afeoll, hie +ta
ealle flugon, & eal +t+at herefeoh forleton +te 
hie +ar gefangen h+afdon.
<R 7.118.6>
W+as +t+at micel wundor +t+at swa micel here for +t+as cynges
[{fielle{] fleah, +te na +ar +d+am fleon nolde, +teh
 his mon fela +tusenda ofsloge.
<R 7.118.8>
Philippus mid his lotwrence, +ta hwile +te he wund w+as,
aliefde eallum Crecum +t+at heora anwaldas moston 
standan him betweonum, swa hie +ar on ealddagum dydon.
<R 7.118.11>
Ac sona swa he gelacnad w+as, swa hergeade he on Athene.
<R 7.118.12>
+ta sendon hie to L+acedemonium & b+adon +t+at hie gefriend
wurden, +teh hie +ar longe gefiend w+aren, & b+adon 
+t+at hie ealle gem+anelice cunnoden, mehten hi heora
gem+anan fiend him from adon.
<R 7.118.15>
Hie +ta sume him getyg+dedon, & gegaderodon maran monfultum
+tonne Philippus h+afde, sume for his ege ne dorstan.
<R 7.118.17>
Philippuse ge+tuhte +ta +t+at he leng mid folcgefeohtum wi+d
hie ne mehte, ac oftr+adlice he w+as mid hlo+tum 
on hi hergende, & onbutan sierwende o+t hie eft totw+amde
w+aron, & +da on ungearwe on Ahtene mid firde gefor.
<R 7.118.21>
+at +t+am cirre wurdon Ahteniense swa w+alhreowlice forslagen
& forhiened +t+at hie na si+t+tan nanes anwaldes 
hi ne bem+atan ne nanes freodomes.
<R 7.118.24>
+after +t+am Philippus gel+adde fird on L+acedemonie & on
Thebane, & hi miclum tintrade & bismrade, o+t hie 
mid ealle w+aron fordon & forhiened.
<R 7.118.26>
+after +t+am +te Philippus h+afde ealle Crecas on his geweald
gedon, he sealde his dohtor Alexandre +t+am 
cyninge his agnum m+age, +te he +ar +Apira rice geseald
h+afde.
<R 7.118.29>
+ta on +d+am d+age plegedon hie of horsum, +ag+ter ge
Philippus ge Alexander, +te he his dohtor him sellan
 wolde, ge Alexander his agen sunu, swa heora +teaw +at
swelcum w+as, & eac monige o+tere mid him.
<R 7.118.32>
+ta Philippuse gebyrede +t+at he for +d+am plegan ut of +d+am
monweorode arad, +ta mette hiene his ealdgefana 
sum, & hiene ofstang.
<P 120>
<R 7.120.1>
Ic nat, cw+a+d Orosius, for hwi eow Romanum sindon +ta +arran
gewin swa wel gelicad & swa lustsumlice on 
leo+dcwidum to gehieranne, & for hwy ge +ta tida swelcra
broca swa wel hergea+d, & nu, +teh eow lytles 
hw+at swelcra gebroca on becume, +tonne gem+ana+d ge hit to
+t+am wyrrestan tidum, & magon hie swa hreowlice 
wepan swa ge magon +tara o+tra bli+telice hlihhan.
<R 7.120.7>
Gif ge swelce +tegnas sint, swelce ge wena+d [{+t+at{] ge
sien, +tonne sceoldon ge swa lustlice eowre agnu 
brocu ar+afnan, +teh hie l+assan sien, swa ge heora sint to
gehieranne.
<R 7.120.10>
+tonne +tuhte eow +tas tida beteran +tonne +ta, for +ton eowre
brocu nu l+assan sindon +tonne heora +ta w+are.
<R 7.120.11>
For +ton Philippus w+as XXV wintra Creca folc hienende,
+ag+ter ge heora byrig b+arnende ge hiera folc sleande, 
& sume on el+tiodige forsende; & eower Romana brocu,
+te ge +d+ar ealneg drifa+d, n+as buton +trie
 dagas.
<R 7.120.15>
Philippuses yfel mehte +teh +tagiet be sumum d+ale gemetlic
+tyncan, +ar se swelgend to rice feng, Alexander 
his sunu, +teh ic nu his d+ada sume hwile gesugian scyle,
o+t ic Romana gesecge +te on +d+am ilcan tidun gedon w+aran.

<S SAMPLE 3>
[^B9.2.6^]
<P 228>
<R 6.228.1>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as DC wintrum & XXVII,
Fauius se consul gemette [{Betuitusan{] , Gallia 
cyning, & hiene mid lytlum fultume ofercom.
<R 7.228.4>
 +after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as DC wintra & XXXV,
+ta +ta Scipia Nasica & Lucius [{Calfurnius{] w+aron 
consulas on Rome, Romane wunnon wi+d Geoweor+tan, Nume+dia
cyninge.
<R 7.228.7>
Se ilca Geoweor+da w+as Mecipsuses m+ag, Nume+dia cyninges.
& he hiene on his geogo+de underfeng, & hiene fedan het, &
tyhtan mid his twam sunum.
<R 7.228.9>
& +ta se cyning gefor, he bebead his tw+am sunum +t+at hie
+t+as rices +triddan d+al Geoweor+tan sealden.
<R 7.228.11>
Ac si+t+tan se +tridda d+al on his gewealde w+as, he beswac
begen +ta suna: o+terne he ofslog, o+terne adr+afde.
<R 7.228.12>
& he si+t+tan gesohte Romane him to fri+te.
<R 7.228.13>
& hie sendon Calfurnan +tone consul mid him mid firde.
<R 7.228.14>
Ac Geoweor+da geceapade mid his feo +at +t+am consule +t+at he
+t+as gewinnes lytel +turhteah.
<R 7.228.16>
+After +t+am Geoweor+ta com to Rome, & diegellice geceapade to
+t+am senatum, to anum & to anum, +t+at hie 
ealle [{w+aron{] ymb hiene twywyrdige.
<R 7.228.18>
+ta he hiene hamweard of +t+are byrig wende, +ta t+alde he
Romane, & hie swi+te bismrade mid his wordum, 
& s+ade +t+at mon nane burg ne mehte ie+d mid feo geceapian,
gif hiere +anig mon ceapode.
<R 7.228.22>
+t+as on +t+am +afterran geare Romane sendon Anilius Mostumius
+tone consul mid LX M angean Geoweor+tan.
<R 7.228.23>
Heora [{gemeting{] [^MS: gemetig^] w+as +at Colima +t+are 
byrig, & +t+ar w+aron Romane oferwunnen.
<R 7.228.25>
& si+t+tan lytle hwile hie genamon fri+t him betweonum, &
si+t+tan m+ast ealle Africe gecirdon to Geoweor+tan.
<R 7.228.27>
+after +t+am Romane sendon eft Metellus mid firde angean
Geoweor+tan, & he sige h+afde +at twam cierrun, 
& +at [{+t+am{] +triddan cierre he bedraf Geoweor+tan on
Nume+diam his agen lond, & hiene geniedde +t+at he sealde 
Romanum +treo hund gisla.
<R 7.228.31>
& he +teh si+t+tan na +ty l+as ne hergeade on Romane.
+ta sendon hie eft Marius +tone consul angean Geoweor+tan, a
swa lytigne & 
<P 230>
a swa br+agdenne swa he w+as;
 & for to anre byrg gelicost +t+am +te he hie abrecan +tohte.
<R 7.230.2>
Ac sona swa Geoweor+ta h+afde his fultum to +t+are byrg
gel+add angean Marius, +ta forlet he Marius +t+at f+asten, 
& for to o+trum, +t+ar he geascade +t+at Geoweor+tan
goldhord w+as, & gemedde +ta burgleode +t+at hie 
him eodon on hond, & him ageafon eall +t+at [{licgende{] feoh
+t+at +t+arbinnan w+as.
<R 7.230.7>
+ta ne getruwade Geoweor+ta his agnum folce ofer +t+at, ac
ge+toftade him wi+t Bohan, Mauritania cyning.
<R 7.230.8>
& he him com to mid micle monfultume, & oftr+adlice on Romane
stalade, o+t hie gecw+adon folcgefeoht him betweonum.
<R 7.230.10>
To +t+am gefeohte h+afde Boho Geoweor+tan broht to fultume LX
M gehorsedra butan fe+tan.
<R 7.230.12>
N+as na mid Romanum +ar ne si+t+tan swa heard gefeoht swa
+t+ar w+as, for +ton +te hie wurdon on +alce healfe
utan befangen, & heora eac m+ast for +ton forwear+t +te hiora
gemitting w+as on sondihtre dune, +t+at hie
 for duste ne mehton geseon hu hi hi behealdan sceolden.
<R 7.230.16>
Toeacan +t+am hie derede +ag+ter ge +turst ge h+ate, & ealne
+done d+ag w+aron +t+at +tafiende o+t niht.
<R 7.230.18>
+ta on mergen hie w+aron +t+at ilce donde, & eft w+aron on
+alce healfe utan befangen, swa hie +ar w+aron.
<R 7.230.19>
& +ta hie swi+dost tweode hw+a+der hie aweg comen, +ta
gecw+adon hie +t+at hie sume hie be+aftan wereden, & 
sume [{+turh{] ealle +ta truman ut afuhten, gif hie mehten.
<R 7.230.22>
+ta hie swa gedon h+afdon, +ta com [{an{] ren; & swi+te
Mauritani+a w+aron mid +t+am gewergade, for +ton +te hiera 
sceldas w+aron betogen mid elpenda hydum, +t+at hie heora
feawa [{for +tam w+atan{] ahebban mehton, & for
 +t+am gefliemde wurdon, for +ton +te elpendes hyd wile
drincan w+atan, gelice & spynge de+d.
<R 7.230.27>
+t+ar wear+d Mauritania ofslagen LX M & an hund [{manna{] .
<R 7.230.28>
+after +t+am Boho genom fri+t wi+d Romanum, & him Geoweor+tan
gebundenne ageaf, & hiene mon dyde si+t+tan on 
carcern & his twegen suna, o+t hie +t+ar ealle acw+alon.
<R 8.230.31>
 +after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as VI hunde wintra &
XLII, +ta +ta Malius & Cuintinus w+aron consulas, 
Romane gefuhton wi+d Cimbros & wi+d Teutonas & wi+d
Ambronos, +tas +teoda w+aron on Gallium, & +t+ar ealle 
ofslagene wurdon buton 
<P 232>
X [{monnum{] , +t+at w+as XL M.
<R 8.232.1>
& +t+ar w+as Romane ofslagen eahtatig +tusenda, & heora consul
& his twegen suna.
<R 8.232.2>
+after +t+am +ta ilcan +deoda bes+atan Marius +tone consul on
anum f+astenne, & hit long first w+as +ar he ut
 wolde faran to gefeohte, +ar him mon s+ade +t+at hie wolden
faran on Italiam, Romana lond.
<R 8.232.6>
Ac si+t+tan he him for to ut of +t+am f+astenne, +ta hi hi on
anre dune gemetton, +ta m+ande +t+as consules folc 
to him heora +turst, +te him getenge w+as.
<R 8.232.8>
+ta andwyrde he him, & cw+a+d: ea+te we magon geseon on o+tre
healfe urra feonda hw+ar se drinca is gelang 
+te us nihst is; ac for +t+am +te hie us near sint, we him
ne magon buton gefeohte to cuman.
<R 8.232.11>
+t+ar h+afdon Romane sige, & +t+ar w+as Gallia ofslagen twa
hund M, & hiora latteow, & eahtatig M gefangen.
<R 9.232.14>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as VI hunde wintrum &
XLV, on +t+am fiftan geare +te Marius w+as consul, 
& eac +ta mid Romanum w+as sibb of o+trum folcum, +ta
ongunnon Romane +ta m+astan sace him betweonum up 
ar+aran, +teh ic hit nu scortlice secgan scyle, cw+a+d
Orosius, hwa +t+as ordfruman w+aron.
<R 9.232.18>
+t+at w+as +arest Marius se consul, & Lucius, & Apulcius, &
Saturninus, +t+at hie adr+afdon Metellus +tone 
consul on el+teode, se w+as consul +ar Marius.
<R 9.232.21>
Hit w+as +ta swi+te o+t+tyncende +tam o+trum consulum,
Pompeiuse & Caton; +teh +te hie mid +t+are wrace +t+am 
adr+afdan on nanum stale beon ne mehton, hie +teh +turhtugon
+t+at hie ofslogon Lucius & Saturninus, & eft
 w+aron biddende +t+at Metellus to Rome moste.
<R 9.232.25>
Ac him +tagiet Marius & Furius forwierndon, & him +ta si+t+tan
se feondscipe w+as betweonum weaxende, +teh 
+te hie hit openlice cy+tan ne dorsten for +tara senatum
ege.
<R 10.232.29>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as VI C wintra & LXI, on
+t+am siextan geare +te Iulius se [{casere{] w+as 
consul & Lucius Martius, wear+t ofer ealle [{Italia{]
ungeferlic unsibb & openlice cu+d betuh Iuliuse 
& Pompeiuse, +teh hie hit +ar swi+te him 
<P 234>
betweonum diernden.
<R 10.234.1>
& eac on +t+am geare gewurdon monega wundor on monegum londum.
<R 10.234.2>
An w+as +t+at mon geseah swelce an fyren hring nor+dan cumen
mid micle swege.
<R 10.234.3>
o+ter wear+t on Tarentan +t+are byrig +at anre feorme: +tonne
mon +ta hlafas wrat to +ticgeanne, +tonne orn +t+ar blod ut.
<R 10.234.5>
+t+at +tridde w+as +t+at hit hagolade seofon niht, d+ages &
nihtes, ofer ealle Romane.
<R 10.234.7>
& on Somnia +t+am londe seo eor+te tob+arst, & +tonan up w+as
biernende fyr wi+d +t+as hefones.
<R 10.234.8>
& mon geseah swelce hit w+are an gylden hring on heofonum
br+adre +tonne sunne; & w+as from +t+am heofone
 bradiende ni+ter o+t +ta eor+tan, & w+as eft farende wi+d
+t+as heofones.
<R 10.234.12>
On +t+are tide Pincente +t+at folc, & Uestine, & Marse, &
Peligni, & Marrucine, & Somnite, & Lucani hie
 ealle gewear+d him betweonum +t+at hie wolden Romanum
geswican, & ofslogon Gaius Seruius, Romana ealdormon, 
se w+as mid +arendum to him onsended.
<R 10.234.15>
On +d+am dagum aweddon +ta nietenu & +ta hundas +te w+aron on
Somnitum.
<R 10.234.17>
+after +t+am gefeaht Pompeius se consul wi+d eal +ta folc, &
gefliemed wear+t.
<R 10.234.18>
& Iulius se cesar gefeaht wi+d Marse +t+am folce, & gefliemed
wear+d.
<R 10.234.19>
Ra+te +t+as Iulius gefeaht wi+d Somnitum, & wi+d Lucanum, &
hie gefliemde.
<R 10.234.20>
+after +t+am hiene mon het casere.
<R 10.234.21>
+ta b+ad he +t+at mon +tone triumphan him ongean brohte.
+ta sende him mon ane blace hacelan angean, him on bismer, for
triumphan.
<R 10.234.23>
& eft hie him sendon ane tunecan ongean, +ta +te hie to
geheton, +t+at he ealles buton arunge to Rome ne com.
<R 10.234.25>
+after +t+am Silla se consul, Pompeiuses gefera, gefeaht wi+d
Esernium +t+am folce, & hie gefliemde.
<R 10.234.26>
+after +t+am gefeaht Pompeius wi+d Pincentes +t+am folce, &
hie gefliemde.
<R 10.234.27>
+ta brohton Romane +tone triumphan angean Pompeius mid micelre
weor+tfulnesse for +t+am lytlan sige +te he 
+ta h+afde, & noldon Iuliuse n+anne weor+tscipe don, +teh he
maran d+ad gedon h+afde, buton ane tunecan,
 & hi heora gewin mid +t+am swi+te geiecton.
<R 10.234.32>
+after +t+am Iulius & Pompeius abr+acan Asculum +ta burg on
[{M+arsum{] , & +t+ar ofslogon eahtatiene M.
<R 10.234.33>
+after +t+am gefeaht Silla se consul wi+d Somnitum, & heora
ofslog eahtatiene M.
<P 236>
<R 11.236.1>
+after +t+am +te Romeburg getimbred w+as VI hunde wintra &
LXII, +t+atte Romane sendon Sillan +tone consul 
ongean Metre+tatis Partha cyning.
<R 11.236.3>
+ta of+tuhte +t+at Mariuse +t+am consule, Iuliuses eame, +t+at
mon +d+at gewin nolde him bet+acan.
<R 11.236.4>
& b+ad +t+at him mon sealde +tone seofo+tan consulatum, & eac
+t+at gewin, for +ton +te hit w+as +teaw mid him
 +t+at mon ymbe XII mona+d dyde +alces consules setl ane pyle
hierre +tonne hit +ar w+as.
<R 11.236.8>
+ta Silla geacsade on hwelc gerad Marius com to Rome, he +ta
hr+adlice mid ealre his firde wi+d Rome weard 
farende w+as, & Marius bedraf into Romeburg mid eallum his
folce, & hiene si+t+tan +ta burgleode gefengon 
& gebundon, & hiene si+t+tan +tohton Sillan agifan.
<R 11.236.12>
Ac he fealh +t+are ilcan niht of +t+am bendum +te hiene mon on
d+ag gebende, & si+t+tan fleah su+t ofer sae 
on Affricam, +t+ar his fultum m+ast w+as; & ra+te eft w+as
cirrende wi+d Rome weard.
<R 11.236.15>
Him w+aron twegen consulas on fultume, Cinna & Sertorius, +ta
w+aron simle +alces yfles ordfruman.
<R 11.236.17>
& ra+de +t+as +te +ta senatus gehierdon +t+at Marius [{to{]
Rome neal+acte, hie ealle ut aflugon on Creca lond
 +after Sillan & +after Pompeiuse, +tider hi +ta mid firde
gefaren w+aron.
<R 11.236.18>
+ta w+as Silla mid micelre geornfulnisse farende of Crecum
wi+t Rome weard, & wi+d Marius heardlice gefeaht 
+turhteah, & hiene gefliemde, & ealle ofslog binnan
Romebyrg +te Mariuse on fultume w+aron.
<R 11.236.23>
Ra+de +t+as ealle +ta consulas w+aron deade buton tw+am.
<R 11.236.24>
Marius & Silla geforan him self, & Cinna w+as ofslagen on
Smyrna, Asia byrg, & Sertorius w+as ofslagen on [{Ispania{] .
<R 11.236.26>
+ta underfeng Pompeius Partha gewin, for +ton Metre+tatis
heora cyning teah him to +ta l+assan Asiam & eall Creca lond.
<R 11.236.28>
Ac hiene Pompeius of eallum +t+am londe afliemde, & hiene
bedraf on Armenie, & him +afterfylgende w+as,
 o+t hiene o+t+tre 
<P 238>
men ofslogan, & geniedde Arhalaus +tone
latteow +t+at he w+as his under+teow.
<R 11.238.2>
Hit is [{nu{] ungeliefedlic to secganne, cw+a+d Orosius, hw+at
on +t+am gewinne forwear+t +t+at hie w+aron dreogende 
XL wintra, +ar hit geendad mehte beon, +ag+ter ge on
+teoda forhergiunge, ge on cyninga slihtum, ge on hungre.
<R 11.238.6>
+ta Pompeius hamweard w+as, +ta noldan him +ta londleode +t+at
f+asten aliefan +at Hierusalem.
<R 11.238.7>
Him w+aron on fultume XXII cyninga.
<R 11.238.8>
+ta het Pompeius +t+at mon +t+at f+asten br+ace, & on fuhte
d+ages & nihtes, simle an [{legie{] +after o+terre unwerig; 
& +t+at folc mid +t+am a+trytton +t+at hie him on hond
eodon, ymbe +treo mona+d +t+as +te hie mon +ar ongon.
<R 11.238.11>
+t+ar w+as Iudea ofslagen XIII M.
<R 11.238.12>
& mon towearp +tone weal ni+ter o+t +tone grund.
<R 11.238.13>
& mon l+adde Aristobolus to Rome gebundenne; se w+as +ag+ter
ge heora cyning ge heora biscop.



<B COVESPS>
<Q OX/2 XX OLDT VESP>
<N PSALT VESPASIAN>
<A X>
<C OX/2>
<O X>
<M 850-950>
<K X>
<D AM>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G GLOSS>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE VESPASIAN PSALTER.
ED. S. M. KUHN.
ANN ARBOR: THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
PRESS, 1965.
PSALMS 2.4 - 42.6, PP. 1.1 - 42.16^]

[^C7.7^]
<P 1>
<R 2.4>
se earda+d in heofenum bismerad hie & dryhten hyspe+d hie
(\Qui habitat in caelis inridebit eos et dominus 
subsannabit eos.\) .
<R 2.5>
+donne sprice+d to him in eorre his & in hatheortnisse his
gedroefe+d hie (\Tunc loquetur ad eos in 
ira sua et in furore suo conturbabit eos.\) .
<R 2.6>
ic so+dlice geseted ic eam cyning from him ofer sion mont
+done halgan his bodiende bibod dryhten 
(\Ego autem constitutus sum rex ab eo, super sion montem
sanctum eius, praedicans praeceptum domini.\) .
<R 2.7>
dryhten cw+a+d to me sunu min +du ear+d ic to dege ic cende
+dec (\Dominus dixit ad me filius meus es tu 
ego hodie genui te.\) .
<R 2.8>
bide from me & ic sellu +de +deode erfeweardnisse +dine & on
+ahte +dine gem+aru eor+dan (\Postula a me 
et dabo tibi gentes hereditate tuam, et possessionem tuam
terminos terre.\) .
<R 2.9>
+du reces hie in gerde iserre & swe swe f+et lames +du
gebrices hie (\Reges eos in uirga ferrea, et tamquam 
uas figuli confringes eos.\) .
<R 2.10>
& nu cyningas ongeota+d bio+d gel+arde alle +da +de doema+d
eordan (\Et nunc reges intellegite, erudimini 
omnes qui iudicatis terram.\) .
<R 2.11>
+deowia+d dryhtne in ege & wynsumia+d him mid cwaecunge
(\Seruite domino in timore, et exultate ei cum tremore.\) .
<R 2.12>
gegripa+d +dy l+es hwonne eorsie dryhten & ge forweor+den of
wege (\Adpraehendite disciplinam nequando
irascatur dominus, et pereatis de uia iusta.\) .
<R 2.13>
+donne beorne+d in scortnisse eorre his eadge alle +da +de
getreowa+d in hine (\Cum exarserit in breui
ira eius beati omnes qui confidunt in eum.\) .
[} (\PSALM~ DAVID CVM FVGERET A FACIE ABESSALO FILII SVI.\) }]
<R 3.1>
dryhten hwet gemonigfaldade sindun +da +de swenca+d mec monge
arisa+d wi+d me monge cweo+da+d salwle minre 
nis haelu hire in (\deo\) hire (\Domine quid multiplicati sunt
qui tribulant me multi insurgunt aduersum 
me, multi dicunt animae meae, non est salus illi in deo
eius.\) .
<R 3.2>
+du so+dlice dryhten ondfenge min ear+d wuldur min &
uphebbende heafud min (\Tu autem domine susceptor 
meus es, gloria mea, et exaltans caput meum.\) .
<R 3.3>
mid id stefne minre to dryhten ic cleopede & geherde mec of
munte +d+am halgan his (\Uoce mea ad dominum 
clamaui et exaudiuit me de monte sancto suo.\) .
<R 3.4>
ic hneappade & slepan ongon & ic eftaras for +don dryhten
onfeng mec (\Ego dormiui et somnum coepi, 
et resurrexi quoniam dominus suscepit me.\) .
<R 3.5>
ne ondredu ic +dusend folces ymsellendes me aris dryhten
halne me doa god min (\Non timebo milia populi 
circumdantis me exurge domine saluum me fac deus
meus.\) .
<R 3.6>
for +don +du sloge alle wi+derbrocan me 
<P 2>
butan intingan toe+d
synfulra +du for+dr+astes (\Quoniam tu percussisti 
omnes aduersantes mihi sine causa, dentes peccatorum
conteruisti\) .
<R 3.7>
dryhtnes is haelu & ofer folc +din bledsung +din (\Domini
est salus, et super populum tuum benedictio tua.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALM~ DAVID CANTICVM.\) }]
<R 4.1>
mid +dy ic gecede +de +du geherdes me god rehtwisnisse minre
in geswencednisse +du gebr+eddes me (\Cum
inuocarem te exaudisti me, deus iustitie meae in tribulatione
dilatasti me.\) .
<R 4.2>
mildsa me dryhten & geher gebed min (\Miserere mihi domine
et exaudi orationem meam.\) .
<R 4.3>
bearn monnan hu longe hwefie on heortan to hwon lufia+d ge
idelnisse & soeca+d leasunge (\Filii hominum 
usquequo graues corde ut quid diligitis uanitatem et
queritis mendacium.\) .
<R 4.4>
weota+d +d+atte gemicla+d dryhten +done halgan his dryhten
gehere+d me +donne ic cleopiu to him (\Scitote 
quoniam magnificauit dominus sanctum suum dominus exaudiuit
me dum clamerem ad eum.\) .
<R 4.5>
eorsia+d & nylla+d syngian +da +de cweo+da+d in heortum
eowrum & in bedcleofum eowrum bio+d geinbryrde (\Irascimini 
et nolite peccare qui dicitis in cordibus uestris
et in cubilibus uestris conpungimini.\) .
<R 4.6>
onsecga+d onsegdnisse rehtwisnisse & gehyhta+d in dryhten
(\Sacrificate sacrificium iustitiae et sperate in domino.\) .
<R 4.7>
monge cweo+da+d hwelc oteawe+d us god getacnad is ofer us
leht ondwlitan +dines dryhten (\Multi dicunt 
quis ostendit nobis bona, signatum est super nos lumen
uultus tui domine.\) .
<R 4.8>
+du saldes blisse in heortan minre from tide hw+etes wines &
eles his gemonigfaldade sindun (\Dedisti 
laetitiam in corde meo a tempore frumenti, uini et olei sui
multiplicati sunt.\) .
<R 4.9>
in sibbe in +da ilcan ic neapiu & gerestu (\In pace in id
ipsum obdormiam et requiescam.\) .
<R 4.10>
for +don +du dryhten synderlice in hyhte gesettes me
(\Quoniam tu domine singulariter in spe constituisti me.\) .
[} (\IN FIN~. PRO EA QVAE HEREDITATEM CONSEQVITVR. PSALM~ 
DAVID.\) }]
<R 5.1>
word min mid earum onfoh dryhten onget cleopunge mine behald
stefne gespreces mines cynin min & god 
min (\Uerba mea auribus percipe domine, intellege clamorem
meum intende uoci orationis meae, rex meus et deus meus.\) .
<R 5.2>
for +don to +de ic gebidu dryhten on marne & +du geheres
stefne mine (\Quoniam ad te orabo domine mane, 
et exaudies uocem me.\) .
<R 5.3>
on marne ic +atstondu +de & gesio for +don ne wellende god
unrehtwisnisse +du ear+d (\Mane adstabo tibi 
et uidebo, quoniam non uolens deus iniquitatem tu es.\) .
<R 5.4>
ne earda+d neh +de awerged ne +dorhwunia+d +da unrehtwisan
biforan egum +dinum (\Non habitabit iuxta te
malignus, neque permanebunt iniusti ante oculos tuos.\) .
<R 5.5>
+du fedest dryhten alle +da +de 
<P 3>
wirca+d unrehtwisnisse +du
forspildes hie +da +da spreoca+d leasunge (\Odisti 
domine omnes qui operantur iniquitatem perdes eos qui
loquuntur mendacium.\) .
<R 5.6>
wer bloda & +done f+acnan onscuna+d dryhten (\Uirum
sanguinum et dolosum abominabitur dominus.\) .
<R 5.7>
ic so+dlice in mengu mildheortnisse +dinre ic inga dryhten in
hus +din ic gebidda to temple +d+am halgan 
+dinum in ege +dinum (\Ego autem in multitudine
misericordiae tuae, introibo domine in domum tuam 
adorabo ad templum sanctum tuum in timore tuo.\) .
<R 5.8>
gelaed me dryhten in +dine rehtwisnisse fore feondum minum
gerece in gesih+de +dinre weg minne (\Deduc 
me domine in tua iustitia propter inimicos meos dirige in
conspectu tuo uiam meam.\) .
<R 5.9>
for +don nis in mu+de heara so+dfestnis heorte heara idel is
(\Quoniam non est in ore eorum ueritas cor eorum uanum est.\) .
<R 5.10>
byrgen open is hraece heara tungum heara faccenlice dydun
doem hie god (\Sepulchrum patens est guttur 
eorum linguis suis dolose agebant iudica illos deus.\) .
<R 5.11>
gefallen from ge+dohtum heara efter mengu arleasnissa heara
on weg adrif hie for +don onscunedon +de
dryhten (\Decidant a cogitationibus suis, secundum
multitudinem impietatum eorum expelle eos, quoniam 
exaceruauerunt te domine.\) .
<R 5.12>
& blissien alle +da gehyhta+d in +de in ecnisse gefio+d & +du
ineardas in him & wuldria+d in +de alle +da
+de lufia+d noman +dinne (\Et laetentur omnes qui sperant in
te, in aeternum exultabunt et inhabitabis 
in eis, et gloriabuntur in te omnes qui diligunt nomen
tuum.\) .
<R 5.13>
for +don +du dryhten +du bledsas +done rehtwisan dryhten swe
swe mid scelde godes willan dines +du gebegades 
usic (\Qum tu domine benedices iustum, domine ut scuto
bonae uoluntatis tuae coronasti nos.\) .
[} (\PSALMVS DAVID.\) }]
<R 6.1>
dryhten nales in eorre +dinum +du dreast me ne in
hatheortnisse +dinre +du +dreast me (\Domine ne in ira 
tua arguas me neque in furore tuo corripias me.\) .
<R 6.2>
mildsa me dryhten for +don untrum ic eam hael me dryhten for
+don gedroefed sindun all ban min & sawl 
min gedroefed is swi+de (\Miserere mihi domine quoniam
infirmus sum sana me domine quoniam conturbata 
sunt omnia ossa mea et anima mea turbata est ualde.\) .
<R 6.3>
& +du dryhten hu longe gecer & genere sawle mine halne me do
fore mildheortnisse +dine (\Et tu domine 
usquequo, conuertere et eripe animam meam, saluum me fac
propter misericordiam tuam.\) .
<R 6.4>
for +don nis in +dea+de se gemyndig sie +din in helle
so+dlice hwelc ondette+d +d+a (\Quoniam non est in morte 
qui memor sit tui, in inferno autem quis confitebitur
tibi.\) .
<R 6.5>
ic won in geamrunge minre ic +dwea +dorh syndrie neht bed min
mid tearum strene mine ic wetu (\Laboraui 
in gemitu meo, lauabo per singulas noctes lectum meum,
lacrimis stratum meum rigabo.\) .
<R 6.6>
gedroefed is fore eorre ege min ic aldade betwih alle feond
mine (\Turbatus est prae ira oculus meus, 
inueteraui inter omnes inimicos meos.\) .
<R 6.7>
gewita+d from me alle +da wirca+d unrehtwisnisse for +don
geherde 
<P 4>
dryhten stefne wopes mines geherde dryhten 
boene mine dryhten gebed min genom (\Discedite a me
omnes qui operamini iniquitatem quoniam
exaudiuit dominus uocem fletus mei exaudiuit dominus
deprecationem meam, dominus orationem meam adsumpsit.\) .
<R 6.8>
scomien & sien gedroefde alle feond mine sien forcerred on
bec & scomien swi+de hre+dlice (\Erubescant 
et conturbentur omnes inimici mei, auertantur retrorsum et
erubescant ualde uelociter.\) .
[} (\PSALM~. DAVID. QVEM CANTAVIT DN~O PRO VERBIS CHVSI
FILII IEMINI.\) }]
<R 7.1>
dryhten god min in +de ic gehyhte gefrea me from allum
oehtendum me & genere me (\Domine deus meus
in te speraui, libera me ab omnibus persequentibus me et
eripe [{me{] .\) .
<R 7.2>
+dy les +afre gesl+acce swe swe lea sawle mine +donne nis se
+de alese ne se +de hie hale gedoe (\Nequando 
rapiat ut leo animam meam, dum non est qui redimat, neque
qui saluam faciat.\) .
<R 7.3>
dryhten god min gif ic dyde +dis gif is unrehtwisnis in
hondum minum (\Domine deus meus si feci istud, 
si est iniquitas in manibus meis.\) .
<R 7.4>
gif ic agald +daem geldendum me yfel ic gefallu bi gewyrhtum
from feondum minum idelhende (\Si reddidi 
retribuentibus mihi mala, decidam merito ab inimicis meis
inanis.\) .
<R 7.5>
oehte+d se feond sawle mine & gegripe+d hie & fortride+d in
eor+dan lif min & wuldur min in dust gelaede+d 
(\Persequatur inimicus animam meam et conpraehendat eam
et conculcet in terra uitam meam, et 
gloriam meam in puluerem deducat.\) .
<R 7.6>
aris dryhten in eorre +dinum & hefe up in endum feonda +dinra
(\Exurge domine in ira tua. Diapsalma et exaltare 
in finibus inimicorum tuorum.\) .
<R 7.7>
aris dryhten god min in bebode +d+at +du bibude & gesomnunge
folca ymbsele+d +de (\Exurge domine deus 
meus in praecepto quod mandasti et synagoga populorum
circumdabit te.\) .
<R 7.8>
& fore +dissum in heanisse gaa eft dryhten doem folc doem mec
dryhten (\Et propter hanc in altum regredere 
domine iudica populos iudica me domine.\) .
<R 7.9>
efter rehtwisnisse minre & efter unsce+dfulnisse honda minra
ofer me (\Secundum iustitiam meam, et 
secundum innocentiam manuum mearum super me.\) .
<R 7.10>
sie fornumen ni+d +deara synfulra & gerece +done rehtwisan
smegende heortan & e+dre god (\Consummetur 
nequitia peccatorum, et dirige iustum, scrutans corda et
renes deus.\) .
<R 7.11>
rehtwisne fultum minne from dryhtne se hale gedoe+d +da
rehtan on heortan (\Iustum adiutorium meum 
a domino qui saluos facit rectos corde.\) .
<R 7.12>
god doema rehtwis strong & longmod ah eorsa+d +dorh syndrie
d+agas nemne ge sien gecerde sweord his 
cwece+d (\Deus iudex iustus fortis et longanimis, numquid
irascitur per singulos dies, nisi conuertamini 
gladium suum uibrabit.\) .
<R 7.13>
bogan his +dene+d & gearwa+d +done & in him gearwa+d featu
dea+des strelas his beornedvm gefremede (\Arcum 
suum tetendit et parauit illum, et in ipso parauit uasa
mortis sagittas suas ardentibus effecit.\) .
<R 7.14>
seh+de 
<P 5>
cenne+d unrehtwisnisse geecna+d sar & cenne+d
unrehtwisnisse (\Ecce parturit iniustitia, concepit 
dolorem et peperit iniquitatem.\) .
<R 7.15>
sea+d ontynde & dalf +done & ingefeol in sea+d +done +de he
dyde (\Lacum aperuit et effodit eum, et incidit 
in foueam quam fecit.\) .
<R 7.16>
sie gecerred sar his in heafde his & in hnolle his
unrehtwisnis his astige+d (\Conuertetur dolor eius 
in capite eius, et in uertice eius iniquitas eius
descendit.\) .
<R 7.17>
ic ondettu dryhtne efter rehtwisnisse his & ic singu noman
dryhten +d+as hestan (\Confitebor domino
secundum iustitiam eius et psallam nomini domini
altissimi.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PRO TORCVLARIB: PSALM~ DAVID.\) }]
<R 8.1>
dryhten dryhten ur hu wundurlic is noma +din in alre eor+dan
(\Domine dominus noster, quam ammirabile 
est nomen tuum in uniuersa terra.\) .
<R 8.2>
for +don upahefen is micelnis +din ofer heofenas of mu+de
cilda & milcdeondra +du gefremedes lof (\Quoniam 
eleuata est magnificentia tua super caelos, ex ore
infantium et lactantium perfecisti laudem.\) .
<R 8.3>
fore feondum +dinum +d+at +du toweorpe feond & gescildend
(\Propter inimicos tuos, ut destruas inimicum 
et defensorem.\) .
<R 8.4>
for +don ic gesie heofenas werc fingra +dinra monan &
steorran +da +du gestea+dulades (\Quoniam uidebo
caelos opera digitorum tuorum, lunam et stellas quas tu
fundasti.\) .
<R 8.5>
hwet is mon +d+at gemyndig +du sie his o+d+de sunu monnes for
+don +du neosas hine (\Quid est homo quod 
memor, es eius aut filius hominis quoniam uisitas eum.\) .
<R 8.6>
+du gewonedes hine hwoene laessan from englum mid wuldre &
mid are +du gebegades hine & gesettes hine 
ofer werc honda +dinra (\Minuisti eum paulo minus ab
angelis, gloria et honore coronasti eum, et
constituisti eum super opera manuum tuarum.\) .
<R 8.7>
all +du underdeodes under fotum his scep & oxan all ec +don &
netenu feldes (\Omnia subiecisti sub 
pedibus eius, oues et boues uniuersa insuper et pecora
campi.\) .
<R 8.8>
fuglas heofenes & fiscas saes +da geondga+d stige saes
(\Uolucres caeli et pisces maris, qui perambulant 
semitas maris.\) .
<R 8.9>
dryhten dryhten ur hu wundurlic is noma +din in alre eor+dan
(\Domine dominus noster, quam ammirabile 
est nomen tuum in uniuersa terra.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PRO OCCVLTIS FILII PSALM~ DAVID.\) }]
<R 9.1>
ic ondetto +de dryhten in alre heortan minre ic secgo all
wundur +din (\Confitebor tibi domine in toto 
corde meo narrabo omnia mirabilia tua.\) .
<R 9.2>
ic biom geblissad & ic gefie in +de & singu noman +dinum +du
hehsta (\Laetabor et exultabo in te, et 
psallam nomini tuo altissime.\) .
<R 9.3>
in forcerringe fienda min on bec bio+d geuntrumad &
forweorda+d from 
<P 6>
onsiene +dinre (\In conuertendo
inimicum meum retrorsum infirmabuntur et perient a facie
tua.\) .
<R 9.4>
for +don +du dydest dom minne & intingan minne +du sites ofer
+drymseld +du doemes efennisse (\Quoniam
fecisti iudicium meum et causam meam sedes super thronum qui
iudicas aequitatem.\) .
<R 9.5>
+du +dreades +deode & forweor+ded se arleasa noman heara +du
adilgades in ecnisse & in weoruld weorulde 
(\Increpasti gentes et periet impius, nomen eorum delesti
in aeternum et in saeculum saeculi.\) .
<R 9.6>
feond asprungun mid sweorde in ende & cestre heara +du
towurpe (\Inimici defecerunt framea in finem, 
et ciuitates eorum destruxisti.\) .
<R 9.7>
forwear+d gemynd heara mid swoege & dryhten in ecnesse
+dorhwuna+d (\Perit memoria eorum cum sonitu, 
et dominus in aeternum permanet.\) .
<R 9.8>
gearwade in dome seld his & he doeme+d ymbhwyrft ear+dan in
efennisse (\Parauit in iudicio sedem suam 
et ipse iudicabit orbem terrae in aequitate.\) .
<R 9.9>
doeme+d folc mid rehtwisnisse & geworden is dryhten geberg
+dearfena (\Iudicabit populos cum iustitia 
et factus est dominus refugium pauperum.\) .
<R 9.10>
fultum in gelimplicnissum in geswencednisse & gehta+d in +de
alle +da cunnun noman +dinne (\Adiutor in 
oportunitatibus in tribulatione et sperent in te omnes qui
nouerunt nomen tuum.\) .
<R 9.11>
for +don +du ne forletes +da soecendan +de dryhten singa+d
dryhten se earda+d in sion (\Quoniam non derelinques 
quaerentes te domine psallite domino qui habitat in
sion.\) .
<R 9.12>
secga+d betwih +deode wundur his for +don soecende blod heara
gemynd is & nis ofergeotol gebed +dearfena 
(\Adnuntiate inter gentes mirabilia eius, quoniam
requirens sanguinem eorum memoratus est et non 
est oblitus orationem pauperum.\) .
<R 9.13>
mildsa me dryhten & geseh ea+dmodnisse mine of fiendum minum
+du uphest mec of geatum dea+des +d+at ic
secge all lofu +din in geatum doehter sine (\Miserere mihi
domine et uide humilitatem meam de inimicis 
meis, qui exaltas me de portis mortis, ut annuntiem
omnes laudes tuas in portis filiae sion.\) .
<R 9.14>
ic gefio in haelu +dinre gefestnade sindon +deode in forwyrd
+da dydun in grin +dissum +da gedegladon 
gegripen is fot heara (\Exultabo in salutari tuo infixae sunt
gentes in interitum quem fecerunt in
laqueo isto quem occultauerunt conpraehensus est pes
eorum.\) .
<R 9.15>
oncnawe+d dryhten dryht domas donde in wercum honda his
bifongen bi+d se synfulla (\Cognoscitur dominus 
iudicia faciens, in operibus manuum suarum conpraehensus
est peccator.\) .
<R 9.16>
bio+d gecerde +da synfullan in helle alle +deode +da +de
ofergeotelia+d dryhten (\Conuertantur peccatores, 
in infernum omnes gentes quae obliuiscuntur dominum.\) .
<R 9.17>
for +don nales in ende ofergeotulnis bi+d +dearfena ge+dyld
+dearfena ne forweor+de+d in ende (\Quoniam 
non in finem obliuio erit pauperum patientia pauperum non
peribit in finem.\) .
<R 9.18>
aris dryhten ne meg mon sien doemed +deode in gesih+de +dinre
(\Exurge domine non praeualeat homo iudicentur 
gentes in conspectu tuo.\) .
<R 9.19>
gesete dryhten aeeladtow ofer hie +d+at witen +deode +dette
men hie sindun (\Constitue domine legislatorem 
super eos ut sciant gentes quoniam homines sunt.\) .
<R 9.20>
to hwon dryhten gewite +du 
<P 7>
feor +du forsist in gemalicnissum
in geswencednisse (\Ut quid domine recessisti 
longe, despicis in oportunitatibus in tribulatione.\) .
<R 9.21>
+donne oferhygdga+d se arleasa bi+d in+aled +dearfa bio+d
bifongne in ge+dohtum heara +da hie denca+d (\Dum 
superbit impius incenditur pauper, conpraehenduntur in
cogitationibus suis quas cogitant.\) .
<R 9.22>
for +don bi+d hered se synfulla in lustum sawle his & se +da
unrehtan doe+d bi+d bi+d bledsad (\Quoniam
laudatur peccator in desideriis animae suae, et qui iniqua
gerit benedicitur.\) .
<R 9.23>
bismera+d dryhten se synfulla efter mengu eare his he ne
soece+d (\Irritauit dominum peccator secundum 
multitudinem irae suae non inquiret.\) .
<R 9.24>
nis god in gesih+de his bio+d bismiten wegas his in alle tid
(\Non est deus in conspectu eius, polluuntur 
uiae eius in omni tempore.\) .
<R 9.25>
bio+d afirred domas +dine from onsiene his allra fienda his
walde+d (\Auferuntur iudicia tua a facie 
eius omnium inimicorum suorum dominabitur.\) .
<R 9.26>
cwe+d so+dlice in heortan his ne biom ic onstyred of
cneorisse in cneorisse butan yfle (\Dixit enim
in corde suo, non mouebor de generatione in generationem
sine malo.\) .
<R 9.27>
+des mu+d awergednisse & bitternisse ful is & facne (\Cuius
os maledictione et amaritudine plenum est, et dolo.\) .
<R 9.28>
under tungan his gewin & sar site+d in searwum mid +d+am
weoligum in degulnissum det he ofsle +done unscyldgan 
(\Sub lingua eius labor et dolor sedet in insidiis
cum diuitibus in occultis ut interficiat innocentem.\) .
<R 9.29>
egan his in +dearfan gelocia+d seta+d in degulnisse swe swe
lea in bedcleofan his (\Oculi eius in pauperem 
respiciunt insidiatur in occulto sicut leo in cubili
suo.\) .
<R 9.30>
seta+d +t+at he ger+aafie +dearfan gereafian +dearfan +donne
he ati+d hine in gerene his geea+dmoda+d hine 
onhelde+d hine & falle+d +donne he walde+d +dearfan
(\Insidiatur ut rapiat pauperem, rapere pauperem dum 
abstrahet eum in laqueo suo humiliabit eum, inclinabit se
et cadet dum dominabitur pauperi.\) .
<R 9.31>
cwe+d so+dlice in his heortan ofergeotul is god forcerre+d
onsiene his +d+at he ne gese o+d ende (\Dixit 
enim in corde suo oblitus est deus, auertit faciem suam ne
uideat usque in finem.\) .
<R 9.32>
aris dryhten god min & sie upahefen hond +din ne ofergeotela
+du +dearfena in ende (\Exurge domine deus 
meus et exaltetur manus tua ne obliuiscaris pauperum in
finem.\) .
<R 9.33>
for +don bismira+d se arleasa dryhten cw+a+d so+dlice in
heortan his ne soece+d god (\Propter quid irritauit 
impius dominum dixit enim in corde suo non requiret
deus.\) .
<R 9.34>
+du gesist +d+atte +du gewin & sar +du sceawas +d+at +du
selle hie in honda +dine +de so+dlice forlen is +dearfa 
feadurleasum +du bist fultum (\Uides quoniam tu laborem
et dolorem consideras, ut tradas eos in 
manus tuas, tibi enim derelictus est pauper pupillo tu eris
adiutor.\) .
<R 9.35>
for+dr+ast earm +des synfullan & +des awergdan bi+d soht
scyld his ne bi+d gemoeted (\Contere brachium 
peccatoris et maligni requiretur delictum eius nec
inuenietur.\) .
<R 9.36>
ricsa+d dryhten in ecnisse & in weoruld weorulde
forweor+da+d +deode of eor+dan his (\Regnabit dominus 
in aeternum et in saeculum saeculi peribitis gentes de
terra eius.\) .
<R 9.37>
lust +dearfena geherde dryhten lustas heortan heara geherde
eare +din (\Desiderium pauperum exaudiuit 
dominus desideria cordis eorum exaudiuit auris tua.\) .
<P 8>
<R 9.38>
doem +d+am freondleasan & +d+am heanan +d+atte no tosette mae
gemicla hine mon ofer eor+dan (\Iudicare pupillo 
et humili, ut non adponat ultra magnificare se homo
super terram.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }]
<R 10.1>
in dryhtne ic getreowu hu cwea+da+d ge to minre sawle fer in
mont swe swe spearwa (\In domino confido 
quomodo dicitis animae meae transmigra in montem sicut
passer.\) .
<R 10.2>
for +don sehde +da synfullan +denedon bogan gearwadon strelas
heara in cocere +d+at hie scoteden in degelnisse 
+da rehtan on heortan (\Quoniam ecce peccatores
tetenderunt arcum parauerunt sagittas suas 
in faretra ut sagittent in obscuro rectos corde.\) .
<R 10.3>
for +don +da +du gefredes hie towurpun se rehtwisa so+dlice
hwet dyde he (\Quoniam quae perfecisti destruxerunt 
iustus autem quid fecit.\) .
<R 10.4>
dryhten in temple +d+am halgan his dryhten in heofene seld
his (\Dominus in templo sancto suo, dominus 
in caelo sedis eius.\) .
<R 10.5>
egan his in +dearfan gelocia+d bregas his frigna+d bearn
monna (\Oculi eius in pauperem respiciunt palpebrae 
eius interrogant filios hominum.\) .
<R 10.6>
dryhten frigne+d +done rehtwisan & +done arleasan se so+dlice
lufa+d unrehtwisnisse fia+d sawle his (\Dominus 
interrogat iustum et impium, qui autem diligit
iniquitatem odit animam suam.\) .
<R 10.7>
rine+d ofer +da synfullan giren fyres & swefelrec & gast
ysta dael calices heara (\Pluet super peccatores 
laqueos ignis et sulphur et spiritus procellarum pars
calicis eorum.\) .
<R 10.8>
for +don rehtwis dryhten & rehtwisnisse lufa+d rehtwisnesse
gesi+d ondwleota his (\Quoniam iustus dominus 
et iustitiam dilexit aequitatem uidit uultus eius.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PRO OCTAVA DIE PSALM~ DAVID.\) }]
<R 11.1>
halne me doo dryhten for +don asprong se halga for +don
gewonade sind so+dfestnisse from bearnum monna 
(\Saluum me fac domine quoniam defecit sanctus, quoniam
diminutae sunt ueritates a filiis hominum.\) .
<R 11.2>
+da idlan spreocende is anra gehwelc to +d+am nestan his
welure faecne in heortan & heortan spreocende 
sindun +da yflan (\Uana locutus est unusquisque ad proximum
suum, labia dolosa in corde et corde 
locuti sunt mala.\) .
<R 11.3>
tostrigde+d dryhten alle weolure faecne & tungan yfel
spreocende (\Disperdat dominus uniuersa labia
dolosa et linguam maliloquam.\) .
<R 11.4>
+da cwedun tungan ure we miclia+d weolre ure from us sindun
hwelc ur is dryhten (\Qui dixerunt linguam 
nostram magnificabimus, labia nostra a nobis sunt quis
noster est dominus.\) .
<R 11.5>
fore erm+de we+dlena & geamrunge +dearfena nu ic arisu cwi+d
dryhten (\Propter miseriam inopum et gemitum 
pauperum, nunc exurgam dicit dominus.\) .
<R 11.6>
ic setto ofer helu mine getrewlice ic dom in hine (\Ponam
super salutare meum, fiducialiter agam in eo.\) .
<R 11.7>
gesprec 
<P 9>
dryhtnes gesprec cl+ane seolfur fyre amearad ear+dan
geclasnad seofenfaldlice (\Eloquia domini 
eloquia casta argentum igne examinatum terrae purgatum
septuplum.\) .
<R 11.8>
+du dryhten aldes usic & gehaldes usic from cneorisse +disse
in ecnisse (\Tu domine seruabis nos et
custodies nos a generatione hac in aeternum.\) .
<R 11.9>
in ymbhwyrfte +da arleasan gonga+d efter hehnisse +dinre +du
gemonigfaldades bearn monna (\In circuitu 
impii ambulant, secundum altitudinem tuam multiplicasti
filios hominum.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }]
<R 12.1>
hu longe dryhten ofergeotulas +du mec in ende hu longe
acerres +du onsiene +dine from me (\Usquequo 
domine obliuisceris me in finem quousque auertis faciem tuam a
me.\) .
<R 12.2>
hu longe settu ic ge+daeht in saule mine sar in heortan minre
+dorh deg (\Quamdiu ponam consilium in 
animam meam dolorem in corde meo per diem.\) .
<R 12.3>
hu longe bi+d upahefen se feond min ofer mec geloca & geher
me dryhten god min (\Usquequo exaltabitur 
inimicus meus super me, respice et exaudi me domine deus
meus.\) .
<R 12.4>
inliht egan min ne +afre ic aslepe in dea+de (\Inlumina
oculos meos, ne umquam obdormiam in mortem.\) .
<R 12.5>
ne +afre cwe+de feond min ic strongade wi+d him (\Nequando
dicat inimicus meus, praeualui aduersus eum.\) .
<R 12.6>
+da swenca+d me gefia+d gif onstyred ic beam ic so+dlice in
+dinre mildhertnisse ic gehyhtu (\Qui tribulant 
me exultabunt si motus fuero ego autem in tua
misericordia sperabo.\) .
<R 12.7>
gefi+d heorte min in haelu +dinre ic singu dryhtne se god
sel+d me & ic singu noman +dinum +du hehsta 
(\Exultabit cor meum in salutari tuo cantabo domino qui bona
tribuit mihi et psallam nomini tuo altissime.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS.\) }] 
<R 13.1>
cwe+d se unwisa in his heortan nis god gewemde sindun &
onscuniendlice gewordne sind in lustum heara 
(\Dixit insipiens in corde suo non est deus, corrupti sunt
et abominabiles facti sunt in uoluntatibus suis.\) .
<R 13.2>
nis se +de doe god nis o+d enne (\Non est qui faciat bonum
non est usque ad unum.\) .
<R 13.3>
dryhten of heofene for+dloca+d ofer bearn monna +d+at he gese
hwe+der sie ongeotende o+d+de soecende god
(\Dominus de caelo prospexit super filios hominum ut uideat
si est intellegens aut requirens deum.\) .
<R 13.4>
alle onhaeldon somud unnytte gewordne werun nis se +de doe
god nis o+d enne (\Omnes declinauerunt simul inutiles facti 
sunt non est qui faciat bonum non est
usque ad unum.\) .
<R 13.5>
byrgen open is hraecae heara tungum heara faecenlice dydun
atur nedrena under weolerum heara (\Sepulchrum patens est 
guttur eorum, linguis suis dolose
agebant, uenenum aspidum sub labiis eorum.\) .
<R 13.6>
+deara mu+d awergednisse & 
<P 10>
bitternisse ful bi+d hre+de foet
heara to ageotenne blod (\Quorum os maledictione et 
amaritudine plenum est, ueloces pedes eorum ad 
effundendum sanguinem.\) .
<R 13.7>
for+drestednis & ungeselignis in wegum heara & weg sibbe ne
oncneowun (\Contritio et infelicitas in
uiis eorum et uiam pacis non cognouerunt.\) .
<R 13.8>
nis ege godes biforan egum heara ah ne oncnawa+d alle +da +da
wirca+d unrehtwisnisse (\Non est timor 
dei ante occulos eorum nonne cognoscent omnes qui operantur
iniquitatem.\) .
<R 13.9>
+da forswelgad folc min swe mete hlafes god ne gecedun der
forhta+dum mid ege +der ne wes ege (\Qui 
deuorant plebem meam sicut escam panis, deum non inuocauerunt,
illic trepidauerunt timore ubi non 
erat timor.\) .
<R 13.10>
for +don god in cneorisse +dere rehtan is ge+daeht we+dlan
+du gescendes for +don god hyht his is (\Quoniam deus in 
generatione iusta est, consilium inopis
confudistis quia deus spes eius est.\) .
<R 13.11>
hwelc sele+d ofer sion haelu israel +donne forcerre+d dryhten
heftned folces his (\Quis dabit ex sion salutare israhel dum 
auertit dominus captiuitatem plebis suae.\) .
<R 13.12>
blissa+d & gefi+d (\Laetetur iacob, et exultet israhel.\) .
[} (\PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 14.1>
dryhten hwelc earda+d in selegescote +dinum o+d+de hwelc
gereste+d in munte +d+am halgan +dinum (\Domine 
quis habitabit in tabernaculo tuo aut quis requiescet in monte
sancto tuo.\) .
<R 14.2>
se inge+d butan womme & wirce+d rehtwisnisse (\Qui
ingreditur sine macula et operatur iustitiam.\) .
<R 14.3>
se sprice+d so+dfestnisse in heortan his & nis fac+an in
tungan his (\Qui loquitur ueritatem in corde
suo et non egit dolum in lingua sua.\) .
<R 14.4>
ne he dyde +d+am nestan his yfel & edwit ne onfeng wi+d +d+am
nestan his (\Nec fecit proximo suo malum
et opprobrium non accepit aduersus proximum, suum.\) .
<R 14.5>
to nowihte gelaeded bi+d in gesih+de his se awergda
ondredende so+dlice dryten gemicla+d (\Ad nihilum
deductus est in conspectu eius malignus, timentes autem
dominum magnificat.\) .
<R 14.6>
se swere+d +d+am nestan his & ne bswac hine se feh his ne
salde to westemscette & gefe ofer +done unsce+dfullan ne 
onfeng (\Qui iurat proximo suo et non decepit
eum qui pecuniam suam non dedit ad usuram et munera super 
innocentem non accepit.\) .
<R 14.7>
se doe+d +das ne bi+d he onstyred in ecnisse (\Qui facit
haec non commouebitur in aeternum.\) .
[} (\TITVLI INSCRIBTIO IPSI DAVID.\) }] 
<R 15.1>
gehald me dryhten for +don in de ic gehyhte ic cwe+d to
dryhten god min +du ear+d for +don goda minra 
+du ne bi+dearft (\Conserua me domine quoniam in te speraui
dixi domino deus meus es tu, quoniam bonorum meorum non 
indiges.\) .
<R 15.2>
halge +da in eor+dan sindun his 
<P 11>
gewundrade alle willan mine
bitwih hie (\Sanctos qui in terra sunt 
eius mirificauit omnes uoluntates meas inter illos.\) .
<R 15.3>
gemonigfaldade sindun so+dlice medtrymnisse heara efter +don
hrea+dedon (\Multiplicatae sunt enim infirmitates eorum postea 
accelerauerunt.\) .
<R 15.4>
ne gesomniu ic gesomnunge heara of blodum ne gemyndig ic biom
nomena heara +dorh weolure mine (\Non congregabo conuenticula 
eorum de sanguinibus: nec memor ero
nominum illorum per labia mea.\) .
<R 15.5>
dryhten dael erfewordnisse minre & celces mines +du ear+d +du
gesettes me erfeweardnisse mine (\Dominus pars hereditatis 
meae et calicis mei, tu es qui
restituisti mihi hereditatem meam.\) .
<R 15.6>
rapas gefeollun me in berhtnisse & so+dlice erfeweardnis min
berht is me (\Funes ceciderunt mihi in praeclaris etenim 
hereditas mea praeclara est mihi.\) .
<R 15.7>
ic bledsiu dryhten se me sele+d ondget ec +don & o+d neht
+dreadun me e+dre mine (\Benedicam dominum qui mihi tribuit 
intellectum insuper et usque ad noctem
increpauerunt me renes mei.\) .
<R 15.8>
ic foresaeh dryhten in gesih+de minre aa for +don to +dere
swi+dra is me ne biom ic onstyred (\Prouidebam dominum in 
conspectu meo semper quoniam a dextris est
mihi ne commouear.\) .
<R 15.9>
fore +dissum gelustfullad is heorte min & gefiht tunge min ec
+don & flesc min gereste+d in hyhte (\Propter hoc delectatum 
est cor meum, et exultauit lingua mea,
insuper et caro mea requiescet in spe.\) .
<R 15.10>
for +don ne forletesde sawle min in helle ne +du seles +done
halgan +dinne gesean gebrosnunge (\Quoniam non derelinques 
animam meam in inferno, nec dabis sanctum
tuum uidere corruptionem.\) .
<R 15.11>
cu+de me +du dydest wegas lifes +du gefylles me blisse mid
ondwleotan +dinum gelustfullunge in +dere swi+dran +dinre o+d 
ende (\Notas mihi fecisti uias uitae
adinplebis me laetitia cum uultu tuo, delectationes in dextera 
tua usque in finem.\) .
[} (\ORATIO DAVID.\) }] 
<R 16.1>
geher dryhten rehtwisnisse mine bihald boene mine (\Exaudi
domine iustitiam meam, intende deprecationem meam.\) .
<R 16.2>
mid earum onfoh gebed min nales in weolerum faecnum of
ondwlitan +dinum dom minne for+dyppe+d egan min gesia+d 
efennisse (\Auribus percipe orationem meam, non in
labiis dolosis, de uultu tuo iudicium
meum prodeat oculi mei uideant aequitatem.\) .
<R 16.3>
+du acunnadest heortan mine & neasades on n+aht mid fyre me
amearedes & nis gemoeted in me unrehtwisnis (\Probasti cor 
meum et uisitasti nocte, igne me
examinasti, et non est inuenta in me iniquitas.\) .
<R 16.4>
+d+atte he ne sprece mu+d min wirc monna fore wordum weolura
+dinra ic heold weagas +da heardan (\Ut non loquatur os meum 
opera hominum propter uerba labiorum
tuorum, ego custodiui uias duras.\) .
<R 16.5>
gefreme gongas mine in stigum +dinum +d+at ne sien onwende
swe+de mine (\Perfice gressvs meos in semitis tuis ut non 
moueantur uestigia mea.\) .
<R 16.6>
ic cleapede for +don +du geherdes me god onh+ald eare +din me
& geher word min (\Ego clamaui quoniam 
exaudisti me deus, inclina aurem tuam mihi, et exaudi uerba
mea.\) .
<R 16.7>
gewundra mildheornisse +dine se 
<P 12>
hale gedoest +da gehyhtendan
in +dec from +d+am wi+dstondendum +dere swi+dra +dinre 
(\Mirifica misericordias tuas, qui saluos facis
sperantes in te, a resistentibus dexterae tuae.\) .
<R 16.8>
gehald mec dryhten swe swe sean egan under scuan fi+dra
+dinra gesild me from onsiene arleasra +da me swencton 
(\Custodi me domine ut pupillam oculi, sub umbra
alarum tuarum protege me, a facie impiorum qui me 
adflixerunt.\) .
<R 16.9>
fiond mine sawle mine ymbsaldun smeoru his bilucun mu+d heara
spreocende wes in oferhygde (\Inimici mei animam meam 
circumdederunt adipem suum concluserunt, os
eorum locutum est in superbia.\) .
<R 16.10>
aweorpende me nu ymbsaldun me egan heara gesetton onh+aldan
in eor+dan (\Proicientes me nunc circumdederunt, me oculos 
suos statuerunt declinare in terram.\) .
<R 16.11>
onfengun me swe swe lea gearu to herehy+de & swe swe hwelp
leon eardiende in degulnissum (\Susciperunt me sicut leo 
paratus ad praedam et sicut catulus leonis
habitans in abditis.\) .
<R 16.12>
aris dryhten forecym hie & forcer hie genere sawle mine from
+d+am arleasan sweorde feonda of honda
+dinra (\Exurge domine praeueni eos, et subuerte eos eripe
animam meam ab impio, frameam inimicorum de manu tua.\) .
<R 16.13>
dryhten from feam from eor+dan todael hie & gescrenc hie in
life heara (\Domine a paucis a terra dispartire eos et 
supplanta eos in uita ipsorum.\) .
<R 16.14>
of degelnissum +dinum gefylled is womb heara gereorde sind
+da swinnan & forleortun +da to lafe werun lytlingum heara 
(\De absconditis tuis adimpletus est uenter
eorum, saturati sunt porcina, et reliquerunt quae 
superfuerunt paruulis suis.\) .
<R 16.15>
ic so+dlice mid rehtwisnisse oteawu in gesih+de +dinre ic
biom gereorded +donne bi+d gesweotulad wuldur +din (\Ego autem 
cum iustitia apparebo in conspectu tuo,
satiabor dum manifestabitur gloria tua.\) .
[} (\UERBA CANTICI HUIUS, IN DIE QUA ERIPUIT EUM DN~S DE MANU 
OMNIUMICORUM EIUS ET DE MANU SAUL ET DIXIT.\) }] 
<R 17.1>
ic lufiu +de dryhten megen min dryhten trymenis min & geberg
min (\Diligam te domine uirtus mea, domine firmamentum meum et 
refugium meum.\) .
<R 17.2>
& gefrigend min god min fultum min ic gehyhtu in hine (\Et
liberator meus deus meus, adiutor meus 
sperabo in eum.\) .
<R 17.3>
gescildend min & horn haelu minre fultum min hergende ic
gecegu dryhten & from feondum minum hal 
ic biom (\Protector meus et cornu salutis meae adiutor meus,
laudans inuocabo dominum et ab inimicis meis saluus ero.\) .
<R 17.4>
ymbsaldon me geamrunge dea+des & burnan unrehtwisnisse
gedroefdon me (\Circumdederunt me gemitus mortis et torrentes 
iniquitatis conturbauerunt me.\) .
<R 17.5>
sar helle ymbsaldon me forecwomon me gerene dea+des & in
<P 13>
geswencednisse minre ic gecede dryhten & 
to gode minum ic cleopede (\Dolores inferni circumdederunt
me, praeuenerunt me laquei mortis, et in
tribulatione mea inuocaui dominum, et ad deum meum
clamaui.\) .
<R 17.6>
& he geherde of temple +d+am halgan his stefne mine &
cleopung min in gesih+de his ineode in earan his (\Et 
exaudiuit de templo sancto suo uocem meam et clamor
meus in conspectu eius introiuit in aures eius.\) .
<R 17.7>
& onstyred wes & cwecede eor+de & stea+delas munta gedroefde
sind & onstyrede sind for +don eorre is
him god (\Et commota est et contremuit terra et fundamenta
montium conturbata sunt et commota sunt, quoniam iratus est 
eis deus.\) .
<R 17.8>
astag rec in eorre his & fyr from onsiene his born
(\Ascendit fumus in ira eius, et ignis a facie 
eius exardescit.\) .
<R 17.9>
colu onelde sind from him & he onhaelde heofenas & ofdune
astag & dimnis under fotum his (\Carbones succensi sunt ab eo, 
et inclinauit caelos et descendit, et
caligo sub pedibus eius.\) .
<R 17.10>
& astag ofer cerubim & fleg fleg ofer fi+dru winda (\Et
ascendit super cherubin, et uolauit uolauit
super pinnas uentorum.\) .
<R 17.11>
& sette +deostru heolstur his in ymbhwyrfte his geteld his
+deostre weter in wolcnum lyfte (\Et posuit tenebras latibulum 
suum in circuitu eius, tabernaculum
eius tenebrosa aqua in nubibus aeris.\) .
<R 17.12>
fore sciman in gesih+de his wolcen leordon hegel & colu fyres
(\Prae fulgure in conspectu eius nubes transierunt grando et 
carbones ignis.\) .
<R 17.13>
& hleo+dra+d of heofene dryhten & se hehsta salde stefne his
(\Et intonuit de caelo dominus, et altissimus dedit uocem 
suam.\) .
<R 17.14>
sende strele his & tostencte hie & legite gemonigfaldade &
gedroefde hie (\Misit sagittas suas et
dissipauit eos et fulgura multiplicauit et conturbauit
eos.\) .
<R 17.15>
& oteawdon waellan wetra & onwrigen werun stea+delas
ymbhwyrftes eor+dan (\Et apparuerunt fontes aquarum et 
reuelata sunt fundamenta orbis terrae.\) .
<R 17.16>
from +dreange +dinre dryhten from onoe+dunge gastes earres
+dines (\Ab increpatione tua domine, ab inspiratione spiritus 
irae tuae.\) .
<R 17.17>
sende of heanisse & onfeng me & genom me of menge wetra
(\Misit de summo et accepit me, et adsumpsit me de multitudine 
aquarum.\) .
<R 17.18>
generede me of feondum minum +d+am strongestum & from +dissum
+da fiodon me for +don gestrongade werun
ofer me (\Eripuit me de inimicis meis fortissimis et ab his
qui oderunt me, quoniam confortati sunt super me.\) .
<R 17.19>
forecomun me in dege geswinces mines & geworden is dryhten
gescildend min & utalaedde me in braedu halne me doo for +don 
walde me (\Praeuenerunt me in die
adflictionis meae et factus est dominus protector meus, et 
eduxit me in latitudinem, saluum me fecit
quoniam uoluit me.\) .
<R 17.20>
& geedleanade me dryhten efter rehtwisnisse mine & efter
unsce+dfulnisse honda minra geedleanad me
(\Et retribuet mihi dominus secundum iustitiam meam, et
secundum innocentiam manuum mearum retribuet mihi.\) .
<R 17.21>
for +don ic heold weagas dryhten ne arleaslice ic dyde from
gode minum (\Quia custodiui uias deomini, nec impie gessi a do 
meo.\) .
<R 17.22>
for +don alle domas his in gesih+de minre sindun aa &
rehtwissnisse his ic on weg ne adraf from me 
(\Quoniam omnia iudicia eius in conspectu meo sunt semper, et
iustitias eius non reppuli a me.\) .
<R 17.23>
& 
<P 14>
ic biom unwemme biom him & ic haldu me from unrehtwisnisse
minre (\Et ero inmaculatus coram eo et obseruabo me ab 
iniquitate mea.\) .
<R 17.24>
& geedleana+d me dryhten efter rehtwisnisse minre & efter
unsce+dfulnisse honda minra in gesih+de egena his (\Et 
retribuet mihi dominus secundum iustitiam meam et
secundum innocentiam manuum mearum in conspectu oculorum 
eius.\) .
<R 17.25>
mid +done halgan halig +du bis & mid were unscedendum
unsce+d+dende +du bist & mid +dy upahefenan upahefen +du bist 
& mid +dy +dweoran +du bist forcerred (\Cum
sancto sanctus eris, et cum uiro innocente innocens eris, et 
cum electo electus eris et cum peruerso
subuerteris.\) .
<R 17.26>
for +don +du folc ea+dmod hal gedoest, & egan oferhygdigra
+du gehenes (\Quoniam tu populum humilem saluum facies, et 
oculos superborum humiliabis.\) .
<R 17.27>
for +don +du inlihtes lehtfet min dryhten god min inliht
+deostru min (\Quoniam tu inluminas lucernam meam domine deus 
meus inlumina tenebras meas.\) .
<R 17.28>
for +don from +de ic biom genered from +de costunge & in gode
minum ic ofergaa wall (\Quoniam a te eripiar a temptatione et 
in deo meo transgrediar murum.\) .
<R 17.29>
god min unbesmiten weg his gespreocu dryhten mid fyre amearad
gescildend is alra gehyhtendra in hine (\Deus meus inpolluta 
uia eius, eloquia domini igne
examinata, protector est omnium sperantium
in se.\) .
<R 17.30>
for +don hwelc god butan dryhten o+d+de hwelc god butan gode
uram (\Quoniam quis deus praeter dominum
aut quis deus praeter deum nostrum.\) .
<R 17.31>
god se bigyrde me mid megne & sette unwemne weg minne (\Deus
qui praecinxit me uirtute et posuit inmaculatam uiam meam.\) .
<R 17.32>
se gefremede foet mine swe swe heorutes & ofer +da hean
gesette me (\Qui perficit pedes meos tamquam cerui et super 
excelsa statuit me.\) .
<R 17.33>
se laered honda mine to gefehte & sette swe swe bogan +arenne
earmas mine (\Qui docet manus meas ad proelium et posuit ut 
arcum aereum brachia mea.\) .
<R 17.34>
& +du saldes me gescildnisse haelu +dinre & sie swi+dre +din
onfeng me & +deodscipe +din he me l+arde (\Et dedisti mihi 
protectionem salutis tuae et dextera tua
suscipit me, et disciplina tua ipsa me docuit.\) .
<R 17.35>
+du gebraeddes gongas mine under me & ne sind geuntrumad
swe+de mine (\Dilatasti gressus meos subtus me et non sunt 
infirmata uestigia mea.\) .
<R 17.36>
ic oehtu feond mine & gegripo hie & ic ne gecerru +ar +don
hie aspringa+d ic swencu hio ne hie magun
stondan (\Persequar inimicos meos et conpraehendam illos, et
non conuertar donec deficiant adfligam illos nec potuerunt 
stare.\) .
<R 17.37>
falla+d under foet mine & +du bigyrdes me mid megne to
gefehte (\Cadent subtus pedes meos, et praecinxisti me uirtute 
ad bellum.\) .
<R 17.38>
& gescrenctes alle arisende in me under me & feonda minra +du
saldes me bec & +da figendan me +du tostenctes (\Et 
supplantasti omnes insurgentes in me subtus me,
et inimicorum meorum dedisti mihi dorsum, et odientes me 
disperdidisti.\) .
<R 17.39>
cleopedun ne wes se hale dyde to dryhten ne he geherde hie
(\Clamauerunt nec erat qui saluos faceret ad dominum nec 
exaudiuit eos.\) .
<R 17.40>
& ic gebreocu hie swe swe dust biforan onsiene windes swe swe
lam 
<P 15>
wor+digna ic adilgiu hie (\Et comminuam illos ut puluerem ante 
faciem uenti, ut lutum
platearum delebo eos.\) .
<R 17.41>
+du genes me of wi+dcwedenisse folces +du gesetes me in
heafud +dieda (\Eripies me de contradictionibus populi 
constitues me in caput gentium.\) .
<R 17.42>
folc +d+at ic ne oncnew +deawde me from gehernisse earan
hersumade me (\Populus quem non cognoui seruiuit mihi ob 
auditu auris obaudiuit mihi.\) .
<R 17.43>
bearn frem+de ligende werun me bearn frem+de aldadon &
haltadon from stigum heara (\Filii alieni mentiti sunt mihi, 
filii alieni inueterauerunt, et
claudicauerunt a semitis suis.\) .
<R 17.44>
leafa+d dryhten & gebledsad god min & sie uppahefen god helu
minre (\Viuit dominus et benedictus deus meus et exaltetur 
deus salutis meae.\) .
<R 17.45>
god +du seles wrece me & under+deo+des folc under me (\Deus
qui das uindictam mihi, et subdidisti populos sub me.\) .
<R 17.46>
gefrigend min dryhten of +deodum eorsendum & from +d+am
arisendum in me +du upahefes me from were +d+am
unrehtwisan generes me (\Liberator meus dominus de gentibus
iracundis et ab insurgentibus in me exaltabis me, a uiro 
iniquo eripies me.\) .
<R 17.47>
fore +don ic ondetto +de in folcum dryhten & noman +dinum
salm ic cweo+du (\Propterea confitebor tibi
in populis domine et nomini tuo psalmum dicam.\) .
<R 17.48>
gemicliende haelu cyninges his & donde mildheortnisse criste
his & sede his o+d in weoruld (\Magnificans salutare regis 
ipsius, et faciens misericordiam Christo
suo dauid, et semini eius usque in 
saeculum.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 18.1>
heofenas asecga+d wuldur godes & werc honda his sege+d
trymenis (\Caeli enarrant gloriam dei, et opera manvum eius 
annuntiat firmamentum.\) .
<R 18.2>
deg dege roccette+d word & neht nehte getacna+d wisdom
(\Dies diei eructat uerbum, et nox nocti indicat scientiam.\) .
<R 18.3>
ne sind gespreocu ne word +deara ne bio+d geherde stefne
heara (\Non sunt loquellae neque sermones,
quorum non audientur uoces eorum.\) .
<R 18.4>
in alle eor+dan uteode swoeg heara & in endas ymbhwyrftes
eor+dan word heara (\In omnem terram exiuit sonus eorum, et in 
fines orbis terrae uerba eurum.\) .
<R 18.5>
in sunnan he sette geteld his & he swe swe brydguma
for+dgande of brydbure his (\In sole posuit tabernaculum suum, 
et ipse tamquam sponsus procedens de thalamo
suo.\) .
<R 18.6>
gefaeh swe swe gigent to earnenne on weg from +d+am hean
heofene utgong his & eftyrn his o+d hehnisse his ne is se +de 
hine ahyde from haeto his (\Exultauit ut
gigans ad currendam uiam, a summo caelo
egressio eius, et occursus eius usque ad summum eius, nec
est qui se abscondat a calore eius.\) .
<R 18.7>
eew dryhten untelwyr+de gecerrende sawle cy+dnis dryhten
getreowu snyttro [^KUHN AND TORONTO CORPUS: ro^] gearwiende 
cilde (\Lex domini inrepraehensibilis, conuertens animas,
testimonium domini fidele sapientiam [^KUHN AND TORONTO 
CORPUS: ientiam^] praestans paruulis.\) .
<R 18.8>
rehtwisnisse dryhten rehtlice blissiende heortan bibod
dryhten leht inlihtende egan (\Iustitiae domini rectae 
laetificantes corda praeceptum dni lucidum
inluminans oculos.\) .
<R 18.9>
ege dryhten halig +dorhwuna+d in 
<P 16>
weoruld weorulde domas godes
so+de gerehtwisade in him seolfum (\Timor domini sanctus 
permanet in saeculum saeculi iudicia dei
uera iustificata in semetipsa.\) .
<R 18.10>
wilsum ofer gold & stan deorwyr+dne swi+de & swoetran ofer
hunig & biobread (\Desiderabilia super aurum, et lapidem 
praetiosum multum et dulciora super mel et
fauum.\) .
<R 18.11>
weotudlice & +deow +din halde+d +da in geh+alde dere edlean
micel (\Nam et seruus tuus custodiet ea, in
custodiendo illa retributio multa.\) .
<R 18.12>
scylde hwelc ongete+d from degelnissum minum geclasna me
dryhten & from +d+am frem+dum spreara +diowe 
+dinum (\Delicta quis intellegit ab occultis meis munda me
domine, et ab alienis parce seruo tuo.\) .
<R 18.13>
gif min ne bio+d waldende +donne unwemme ic biom & ic biom
geclasnad from scylde +dere m+astan (\Si mei non fuerint 
dominati tunc inmaculatus ero, et emundabor a
delicto maximo.\) .
<R 18.14>
& bio+d +d+at hie gelicien gespreocu mudes mines & smeang
heortan minre in gesih+de +dinre aa (\Et erunt ut conplaceant 
eloquia oris mei et meditatio cordis mei in
conspectu tuo semper.\) .
<R 18.15>
dryhten fultum min & alesend min (\Domine adiutor meus et
redemptor meus.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 19.1>
gehere +de dryhten in dege geswinces gescilde +de noma godes
iacefes (\Exaudiat te dominus, in die 
tribulationis, protegat te nomen dei iacob.\) .
<R 19.2>
sende +de fultum of halgum & of sion gescilde +de (\Mittat
tibi auxilium de sancto, et de sion tueatur te.\) .
<R 19.3>
gemyndig sie dryhten alre onsegdnisse +dinre & onsegdnisse
+dine gefaettie (\Memor sit dominus omnis sacrificii tui et 
holocaustum tuum pinguefiat.
diapsalma.\) .
<R 19.4>
selle +de dryhten efter heortan +dinre & all gedaeh +din
getrymme (\Tribuat tibi dominus secundum cor
tuum et omne consilium tuum confirmet.\) .
<R 19.5>
we bio+d geblissade in haelu +dinre & in noman dryhten godes
ures we bio+d gemiclade (\Laetabimur in
salutari tuo, et in nomine domini dei nostri
magnificabimur.\) .
<R 19.6>
gefylle+d dryhten alle boene +dine nu ic oncneow +d+atte
halne doe+d +dryhtum crist his & gehere+d hine 
of heofene +d+am halgan his in maehtum haelu swi+dran his
(\Impleat dominus omnes petitiones tuas, nunc cognoui quoniam 
saluum faciet dominus christum suum, et
exaudiet illum de caelo sancto suo, in 
potentatibus salus dexterae eius.\) .
<R 19.7>
+das in creatum & +das in horsum we so+dlice in noman dryhten
godes ures we bio+d gemiclade (\Hii in 
curribus et hii in equis, nos autem in nomine domini dei
nostri magnificabimur.\) .
<R 19.8>
hie gebundne sindun & gefeollun we so+dlice aresun & uparehte
sindun (\Ipsi obligati sunt et ceciderunt, nos uero 
resurreximus et erecti sumus.\) .
<R 19.9>
dryhten halne do cyning & geher us in dege in +d+am we
gecega+d +dec (\Dne saluum fac regem, et exaudi
nos in die in qua inuocauerimus te.\) .
<P 17>
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 20.1>
dryhten in megne +dinum bi+d geblissad cyning & ofer haelu
+dine gefih+d swi+dlice (\Domine in uirtute
tua laetabitur rex, et super salutare tuum exultabit
uehementer.\) .
<R 20.2>
lust sawle his +du saldes him & willan weolera his +du ne
bisceredes hine (\Desiderium animae eius 
tribuisti ei et uoluntate labiorum eius non fraudasti eum.
diapsalma.\) .
<R 20.3>
for +don +du forecwome hine in bledsunge swoetnisse +du
settes heafde his beg of stane deorwyr+dum (\Quoniam 
praeuenisti eum in benedictione dulcidinis, posuisti
in capite eius coronam de lapide praetioso.\) .
<R 20.4>
lif bed & +du saldes him lengu dega in weoruld weorulde
(\Vitam petit, et tribuisti ei longitudinem
dierum in saeculum saeculi.\) .
<R 20.5>
micel is wuldur his in haelu +dinre wuldur & micelne wlite
+du onsetes ofer hine (\Magna est gloria
eius in salutari tuo, gloriam et magnum decorem inpones
super eum.\) .
<R 20.6>
for +don +du selest hine in bledsunge in weoruld weorulde +du
geblissas hine in gefian mid ondwleotan +dinum (\Quoniam dabis 
eum in benedictionem in saeculum
saeculi, laetificabis eum in gaudio cum uultu tuo.\) .
<R 20.7>
for +don cyning gehyhte+d in dryhtne & in mildheortnisse +des
hestan ne bi+d onstyred (\Quoniam rex sperabit in domino, et 
in misericordia altissimi non
commouebitur.\) .
<R 20.8>
sie bi+d gemoeted hond +din allum feondum +dinum sie swi+dre
+din gemoete+d alle +da +de +de figa+d (\Inueniatur manus tua 
omnibus inimicis tuis, dextera tua inueniat
omnes qui te oderunt.\) .
<R 20.9>
+du setes hie swe swe ofen fyres in tid ondwliotan +dines
dryhten in eorre his gedroefe+d his & forswilge+d hie fyr 
(\Pones eos ut clibanum ignis in tempore
uultus tui dominus in ira sua conturbabit 
eos et deuorabit eos ignis.\) .
<R 20.10>
westem heara of eor+dan +du forspildes & sed heara from
bearnum monna (\Fructum eorum de terra perdes et semen eorum a 
filiis hominum.\) .
<R 20.11>
for +don hie onhaeldon in +de yfel +dohtun ge+daeht +d+at hie
ne maehtun gestea+dulfestian (\Quoniam declinauerunt in te 
mala cogitauerunt, consilium, quod non
potuerunt stabilire.\) .
<R 20.12>
for +don +du setes hie bec in lafum +dinum +du gearwas
ondwleotan heara (\Quoniam pones eos deorsum in reliquiis tuis 
praeparabis uultum illorum.\) .
<R 20.13>
hefe up dryhten in megne +dinum we singa+d & singa+d megen
+din (\Exaltare domine in uirtute tua, cantabimus et psallimus 
uirtutes tuas.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PRO ADSVMPTIONE MATVTINA PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 21.1>
god god min geloca in me for hon me forleorte +du feor from
haelu minre (\Deus deus meus respice in me, quare me 
dereliquisti longe a salute mea.\) .
<R 21.2>
word scylda minra god min ic cleopiu +dorh deg ne +du geheres
& on naeht & nales to unwisdome me (\Verba delictorum meorum 
deus meus clamabo per diem nec
exaudies, et nocte et non ad insipientiam mihi.\) .
<R 21.3>
+du so+dlice in halgum eardas lof in +de gehyhtan fedras ure
gehyhton & +du gefreodes hie (\Tu autem 
in sancto habitas, laus israhel, in te sperauerunt patres
nostri, sperauerunt et liberasti eos.\) .
<R 21.4>
to +de cleopedon & hale gewordne sind in +de gehyhton 
<P 18>
& ne werun gescende (\Ad te clamauerunt et salui facti sunt in 
te sperauerunt et non sunt confusi.\) .
<R 21.5>
ic so+dlice eam wyrm & nales mon edwit monna & aworpnes
folces (\Ego autem sum uermis et non homo, 
opprobrium hominum et abiectio plebis.\) .
<R 21.6>
alle +da gesegun me herwdun me spreocende werun mid weolerum
& hrisedon heafud (\Omnes qui uidebant me aspernabantur me 
locuti sunt labiis et mouerunt
caput.\) .
<R 21.7>
gehyhte+d in dryhten genere+d hine halne doe hine for +don he
wile hine (\Sperauit in domino eripiat
eum, saluum faciat eum quoniam uult eum.\) .
<R 21.8>
for +don +du ear+d +du atuge me of wombe hyht min from
breostum modur minre in +de aworpen ic eam of inno+de of wombe 
modur minre god min +du ear+d (\Quoniam tu
es qui abstraxisti me de uentre, spes mea 
ab uberibus matris meae, in te iactatus sum ex utero, de
uentre matris meae deus meus es tu.\) .
<R 21.9>
ne gewit +du from me for +don geswinc on neoweste is & nis se
+de gefultume (\Ne discesseris a me quoniam tribulatio proxima 
est, et non est qui adiuuet.\) .
<R 21.10>
ymbsaldon me calfur monig fearras faette oferseton me
(\Circumdederunt me uituli multi tauri pingues
obsederunt me.\) .
<R 21.11>
ontyndon in me mu+d his swe swe leo reafiende & grymetiende
swe swe weter agotene sind & tostrogden sind all ban min 
(\Aperuerunt in me os suum sicut leo
rapiens et rugiens, sicut aqua effusa sunt
et dispersa sunt uniuersa ossa mea.\) .
<R 21.12>
geworden wes heorte min swe swe w+ax gemaeltende in midle
wombe minre (\Factum est cor meum tamquam cera, liquefiens in 
medio uentris mei.\) .
<R 21.13>
adrugade swe swe tigule megen min & tunge min +atfalh gomum
minum & in dust dea+des gelaeddon me (\Exaruit uelut testa 
uirtus mea, et lingua mea adhesit faucibus
meis, et in puluerem mortis deduxerunt me.\) .
<R 21.14>
for +don ymbsaldon me hundas monge ge+daeht awergedra oset
mec (\Quoniam circumdederunt me canes multi concilium 
malignantium obsedit me.\) .
<R 21.15>
dulfun honda mine & foet mine arimdon all ban min (\Foderunt
manus meas et pedes meos dinumerauerunt omnia ossa mea.\) .
<R 21.16>
hie so+dlice sceawedun & gelocadon me todaeldun him hregl min
& ofer hregl min sendon hlet (\Ipsi 
uero considerauerunt et conspexerunt me diuiserunt sibi
uestimenta mea, et super uestem meam miserunt sortem.\) .
<R 21.17>
+du so+dlice dryhten nales feor do +du fultum +dinne from me
to gescildnisse minre geloca (\Tu autem 
domine ne longe facias auxilium tuum a me, ad defensionem meam
aspice.\) .
<R 21.18>
genere from sweorde sawle mine & of honda hundes +da angan
mine (\Erue a framea animam meam, et de 
manu canis unicam meam.\) .
<R 21.19>
gefrea me of mu+de leon & from hornum anhyrnera ea+dmodnisse
mine (\Libera me de ore leonis, et a cornibus unicornuorum 
humilitatem meam.\) .
<R 21.20>
ic secgu noman +dinne bro+drum minum in midle cirican ic
hergo +de (\Narrabo nomen tuum fratribus meis in medio 
ecclesiae laudabo te.\) .
<R 21.21>
+da +de ondre+da+d dryhten herga+d hine all sed iacobes
miclia+d hine (\Qui timetis dominum laudate eum,
uniuersum semen iacob magnificate eum.\) .
<R 21.22>
ondrede hine all sed israela for +don ne forhogde ne forsaeh
boene +dearfena 
<P 19>
ne forcerre+d onsiene his from me & mid +dy ic cleapade to him 
geherde me (\Timeat
eum omne semen israhel, quoniam non spreuit neque dispexit 
precem pauperum, neque auertit faciem
suam a me, et dum clamarem ad eum exaudiuit me.\) .
<R 21.23>
mid +de lof me in cirican micelre gehat min dryhten ic ageofu
biforan ondredendum hine (\Apud te laus mihi in ecclesia 
magna, uota mea domino reddam coram
timentibus eum.\) .
<R 21.24>
eata+d +dearfan & bi+d gefylled & herga+d dryhten +da soeca+d
hine (\Edent pauperes et saturabuntur, et 
laudabunt dominum qui requirunt eum.\) .
<R 21.25>
leofa+d heorte heara in weoruld weorulde gemynen & sien
gecered to dryhten alle gem+aru eor+dan (\Viuet cor eorum in 
saeculum saeculi, reminiscentur et
conuertentur ad dominum uniuersi fines terrae.\) .
<R 21.26>
& gebidda+d in gesih+de his alle oe+dlas +deoda for +don
dryhten is rice & he walde+d +deada (\Et adorabunt in 
conspectu eius omnes patriae gentium, quoniam domini
est regnum, et ipse dominabitur gentium.\) .
<R 21.27>
eton & weor+dadon alle weolie eor+dan in gesih+de his
for+dga+d alle +da astiga+d in eor+dan (\Manducauerunt et 
adorauerunt omnes diuites terrae, in conspectu eius
procedunt uniuersi qui descendunt in terram.\) .
<R 21.28>
& sawul min him leofa+d & sed min +diowa+d him (\Et anima
mea ipsi uiuet, et semen meum seruiet illi.\) .
<R 21.29>
sege+d dryhten cneoris toword & secga+d heofenes rehtwisnisse
his folce +d+at bi+d acenned +d+at dyde dryhten 
(\Adnuntiabitur domino generatio uentura, et
annuntiabunt caeli iustitiam eius, populo qui nascetur quem 
fecit dominus.\) .
[} (\PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 22.1>
dryhten rece+d me & nowiht me wonu bi+d in stowe leswe +der
mec gestea+delade (\Dominus regit me et nihil mihi deerit in 
loco pascuae ibi me conlocauit.\) .
<R 22.2>
ofer weter gereodnisse aledde mec sawle mine gecerde (\Super
aquam refectionis educauit me, animam
meam conuertit.\) .
<R 22.3>
gelaedde me ofer stige rehtwisnisse fore noman his (\Deduxit
me super semitam iustitiae propter nomen suum.\) .
<R 22.4>
weotudlice & +d+ah +de ic gonge in midle scuan dea+des ne
ondredu ic yfel for +don +du mid me er+d (\Nam
etsi ambulem in medio umbrae mortis non timebo mala quoniam
tu mecum, es.\) .
<R 22.5>
gerd +din & cryc +din hie me froefrende werun (\Virga tua et
baculus tuus, ipsa me consolata sunt.\) .
<R 22.6>
+du gearwades in gesih+de minre biod wi+d him +da swenca+d
mec (\Parasti in conspectu meo mensam aduersus eos qui 
tribulant me.\) .
<R 22.7>
+du faettades in ele heafud min & drync +dinne indrencende
swide freaberht is (\Inpinguasti in oleo 
caput meum, et poculum tuum inebrians quam praeclarum est.\) .
<R 22.8>
& milheortniss +din efterfylge+d mec allum degum lifes mines
(\Et misericordia tua subsequitur me omnibus diebus uitae 
meae.\) .
<R 22.9>
+d+at ic ineardie in huse dryhten in lengu dega (\Vt
inhabitem in domo domini, in longitudinem dierum.\) .
<P 20>
[} (\PSALM~ DAVID PRIMA SABBATI.\) }] 
<R 23.1>
dryhten is ear+de & fylnis his ymbhwyrft eor+dena & alle +da
eardia+d in hire (\Domini est terra et plenitudo eius, orbis 
terrarum et uniuersi qui habitant in
ea.\) .
<R 23.2>
he ofer seas gestea+delade hie & ofer flodas gearwa+d +da
(\Ipse super maria fundauit eam, et super flumina praeparauit 
illam.\) .
<R 23.3>
hwelc astige+d in munt dryhten o+d+de hwelc stonde+d in stowe
+dere halgan his (\Quis ascendit in montem domini aut quis 
stabit in loco sancto eius.\) .
<R 23.4>
unsce+d+dende on hondum & cl+anre heortan se ne onfeng in
idelnisse sawle his ne he swor in facne +d+am nestan his 
(\Innocens manibus et mundo corde, qui non
accipit in uano animam suam,
nec iurauit in dolo proximo suo.\) .
<R 23.5>
+des onfoe+d bledsunge from dryhtne & mildheortnisse from
gode +d+am halwendan his (\Hic accipiet benedictionem a 
domino, et misericordiam a deo salutari suo.\) .
<R 23.6>
+dis is cneoris soecendra dryhten socendra onsiene godes
iacobes (\Haec est generatio quaerentium dominum requirentium 
faciem dei iacob. diapsalma.\) .
<R 23.7>
onhebba+d geatu aldres eowres & bio+d upahefene geatu ecelice
& ingae+d cyning wuldres (\Tollite portas principes uestras, 
et eleuamini portae aeternales, et
introibit rex gloriae.\) .
<R 23.8>
hwelc is +des cyning wuldres dryhten strong & maehtig dryhten
maehtig in gefehte (\Quis est iste rex gloriae, dns fortis et 
potens, dns potens in proelio.\) .
<R 23.9>
onhebba+d geatu aldermen eowres & bio+d upahefene geatu
ecelice & ingae+d cyning wuldres (\Tollite portas principes 
uestras, et eleuamini portae +aternales, et
introibit rex gloriae.\) .
<R 23.10>
hwet is +des cyning wuldres dryhten megna he is cyning
wuldres (\Quis est iste rex gloriae, dominus
uirtutum, ipse est rex gloriae. diapsalma.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 24.1>
to +de dryhten ic upahof sawle mine god min in +de ic
getreowu ne scomiu ic (\Ad te domine leuaui 
animam meam, deus meus in te confido non erubescam.\) .
<R 24.2>
ne bismeria+d mec feond mine & so+dlice alle +da +de bida+d
dryhten ne sien gescende (\Neque inrideant
me inimici mei, etenim uniuersi qui te expectant domine non
confundentur.\) .
<R 24.3>
sien gescende +da unrehtwisan donde +da idlan wegas +dine
dryhten cu+de doo me & stige +dine l+ar me (\Confundantur 
iniqui facientes uana, uias tuas domine notas fac
mihi, et semitas tuas edoce me.\) .
<R 24.4>
gerece me in so+dfestnisse +dinre & l+ar me for +don +du
ear+d god haelend min & +de ic arefnde alne deg
(\Dirige me in ueritate tua, et doce me, quia tu es deus
saluator meus, et te sustinui tota die.\) .
<R 24.5>
gemyne mildsa +dinra dryhten & mildheortnis +din +da from
werulde sind (\Reminiscere miserationum tuarum domine et 
misericordia tua quae a saeculo sunt.\) .
<R 24.6>
scyld guiu+du & unondcy+dignisse minre ne +du gemynes efter
miclan mildheortnisse +dinre gemyndig bio
+du min god (\Delicta iuuentutis et ignorantiae meae ne
memineris, secundum magnam misericordiam tuam memor esto mei 
deus.\) .
<P 21>
<R 24.7>
fore godnisse +dine dryhten swoete & reht dryhten (\Propter
bonitatem tuam domine, dulcis et rectus
dominus.\) .
<R 24.8>
fore +dissum aee gesette gyltendum in wege gerece+d +da
mildan in dome lere+d +da mon+dweran wegas heara (\Propter hoc 
legem statuit delinquentibus in uia, dirigit
mites in iudicio, docebit mansuetos uias suas.\) .
<R 24.9>
alle wegas dryhten mildheortnis & so+dfestnis soecendum
cy+dnisse his & cy+dnisse his (\Vniuersae uiae domini 
misericordia et ueritas requirentibus testamentum
eius et testimonia eius.\) .
<R 24.10>
fore noman +dinum dryhten +du gemildsas synne minre genyhtsum
is so+dlice (\Propter nomen tuum domine propitiaberis peccato 
meo, copiosum est enim.\) .
<R 24.11>
hwelc is mon se +de ondrede dryhten ee sette him in wege
+done geceas (\Quis est homo qui timeat dominum, legem statuit 
ei in uai quam elegit.\) .
<R 24.12>
sawul his in godum wuna+d & sed his erfeweardnisse gesite+d
eor+dan (\Anima eius in bonis demorabitur, et semen eius 
hereditate possidebit terram.\) .
<R 24.13>
trymenis is dryhten ondredendum hine & cy+dnes his +d+at sie
gesweocelad him (\Firmamentum est dominus timentibus eum et 
testamentum ipsius ut manifestetur
illis.\) .
<R 24.14>
egan mine aa to dryhten for +don he aluce+d of girene foet
mine (\Oculi mei semper ad dominum, quoniam ipse euellet de 
laqueo pedes meos.\) .
<R 24.15>
geloca in mec & mildsa min for +don anga & +dearfa ic eam
(\Respice in me et miserere mei, quoniam unicus et pauper sum 
ego.\) .
<R 24.16>
geswencednisse heortan minre gebredde sind of ned+dearfnissum
minum genere me (\Tribulationes cordis mei dilatatae sunt de 
necessitatibus meis eripe me.\) .
<R 24.17>
geseh ea+dmodnisse mine & gewin min & forlet alle synne mine
(\Uide humilitatem meam et laborem meum, et demitte omnia 
peccata mea.\) .
<R 24.18>
geloca feond mine for +don gemonigfaldade sind & lae+d+du
unrehtwisre fiedon mec (\Respice inimicos 
meos quoniam multiplicati sunt et odio iniquo oderunt me.\) .
<R 24.19>
hald sawle mine & genere mec ne biom ic gescended for +don ic
gecede +de (\Custodi animam meam et eripe me non confundar 
quoniam inuocaui te.\) .
<R 24.20>
unsce+d+dende & rehtwise +atfelun me for +don ic arefnde +de
dryhten (\Innocentes et recti adheserunt mihi, quoniam 
sustinui, te domine.\) .
<R 24.21>
ales me god of allum nearenissum minum (\Redime me deus
israhel, ex omnibus angustiis meis.\) .
[} (\PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 25.1>
doem mec dryhten for +don ic in unsce+dfulnisse minre
ingongende ic eam & in dryhten gehyhtende ic 
ne biom geuntrumad (\Ivdica me domine quoniam ego in
innocentia mea ingressus sum, et in domino sperans non 
infirmabor.\) .
<R 25.2>
acunna me dryhten & costa me bern e+dre mine & heortan mine
(\Proba me domine et tempta me, ure renes meos et cor meum.\) .
<R 25.3>
for +don mildheortnis +din biforan egum minum is & ic
gelicade in so+dfestnisse +dinre (\Quoniam misericordia tua 
ante oculos meos est et conplacui in ueritate
tua.\) .
<R 25.4>
ic ne set in ge+daehte idelnisse & mid +da unrehtan 
<P 22>
+dondum ic in ne ga (\Non sedi in concilio uanitatis, et cum 
iniqua gerentibus non introibo.\) .
<R 25.5>
ic fiode gesomnunge awergedra & mid arleasum ic ne sitto
(\Odiui congregationem malignorum et cum 
impiis non sedebo.\) .
<R 25.6>
ic +dwea betwih alle unsce+dende honda mine & ic ymbgaa wibed
+din dryhten (\Lauabo inter innocentes
manus meas et circuibo altare tuum domine.\) .
<R 25.7>
+d+at ic geheru stefne lofes +dines & ic asecgu all wvndur
+din (\Vt audiam uocem laudis tuae, et enarrem uniuersa 
mirabilia tua.\) .
<R 25.8>
dryhten ic lufade wlite huses +dines & stowe getedes wuldres
+dines (\Domine dilexi decorem domus tuae et locum 
tabernaculis gloriae tuae.\) .
<R 25.9>
ne forspild +du mid +d+am arleasum sawle mine & mid weorum
bloda lif min in +deara hondum unrehtwisnisse sindun (\Ne 
perdas cum impiis animam meam et cum uiris
sanguinum uitam meam in quorum manibus 
iniquitates sunt.\) .
<R 25.10>
seo swi+dre heara gefylled is geofum ic so+dlice in
unsce+dfulnisse minre ingongende ic eam ales me 
& mildsa min (\Dextera eorum repleta est muneribus ego autem
in innocentia mea ingressus sum, redime me et miserere mei.\) .
<R 25.11>
fot so+dlice min stod in wege +d+am rehtan in cirecum ic
bledsiu dryhten (\Pes enim meus stetit in uia recta in 
ecclesiis benedicam dominum.\) .
[} (\PSALM~. DAVID. PRIVSQVAM LINERETVR.\) }] 
<R 26.1>
dryhten inlihtnis mine & haelu min +done ic ondredo
(\Dominus inlvminatio mea et salus mea quem timebo.\) .
<R 26.2>
dryhten gescildend lifes mines from d+am ic forhtiu
(\Dominus defensor uitae meae a quo trepidabo.\) .
<R 26.3>
+donne toneolica+d ofer me sce+d+dende +d+at hie eten fl+asc
min +da +de me fiond mine hie geuntrumede sind & gefeollun 
(\Dum adpropiant super me nocentes ut edant
carnes meas qui tribulant me inimici mei
ipsi infirmati sunt et ceciderunt.\) .
<R 26.4>
gif gestonda+d wi+d me ferdwic ne ondrede+d heorte min gif
arise+d in me gefeht in +dis ic gehyhtu (\Si consistant 
aduersum me castra non timebit cor meum, si
insurgat in me proelium in hoc ego sperabo.\) .
<R 26.5>
an ic bed from dryhtne +das ic soecu +d+at ic ineardie in
huse dryhten allum d+agum lifes mines (\Unam petii a domino 
hanc requiram ut inhabitem in domo domini
omnibus diebus uitae meae.\) .
<R 26.6>
+d+at ic gese willan dryhten & ic siem gescilded from tempe
+d+am halga (\Ut uideam uoluntatem domini
et protegar a templo sancto eius.\) .
<R 26.7>
for +don ahyde+d me in getelde his in dege +d+ara yfla
gescilde me in degulnisse geteldes his in stane upahof mec 
(\Quoniam abscondit me in tabernaculo suo in die
malorum protexit me in abscondito tabernaculi sui in petra 
exaltauit me.\) .
<R 26.8>
nu so+dlice upahof heafud min ofer fiond mine ic ymbgaa &
ageldu in getelde his onsegdnisse wynsumnisse ic singu & salm 
ic cweo+d (\Nunc autem exaltauit caput
meum super inimicos meos circuibo et immolabo in tabernaculo 
eius hostiam iubilationis cantabo et
psalmum dicam domino.\) .
<R 26.9>
geher dryhten stefne mine mid +dere ic cleopede to de mildsa
min & geher mec (\Exaudi domine uocem
meam qua clamaui ad te miserere mei et exaudi me.\) .
<R 26.10>
to +de cwe+d heorte 
<P 23>
min ic sohte ondwleotan +dinne ondwleotan
+dinne dryhten ic soecu (\Tibi dixit cor meum quesiui uultum 
tuum uultum tuum domine requiram.\) .
<R 26.11>
ne acer +du onsiene +dine from me & ne ahaeld +du in eorre
from +diowe +dinum (\Ne auertas faciem tuam
a me et ne declines in ira a seruo tuo.\) .
<R 26.12>
fultum min +du ear+d forlet +du me ne forseh me god se
halwynde min (\Adiutor meus esto ne derelinquas me neque 
despicias me deus salutaris meus.\) .
<R 26.13>
for +don feder min & modur min forleorton mec dryhten
so+dlice genom mec (\Quoniam pater meus et mater mea 
dereliquerunt me dominus autem adsumpsit me.\) .
<R 26.14>
aee me gesete dryhten in wege +dinum & gerece mec in stige
+de rehtan fore fiendum minum (\Legem mihi constitue domine in 
uia tua et dirige me in semita recta
propter inimicos meos.\) .
<R 26.15>
ne sele +du mec in sawle oehtendra mec for +don areosun in
mec geweotan unrehte & legende wes unrehtwisnis him (\Ne 
tradideris me in animas persequentium me
quoniam insurrexerunt in me testes iniqui et mentita est 
iniquitas sibi.\) .
<R 26.16>
ic gelefu gesian god dryhten in ear+dan lifgendra abid
dryhten werlice doo & sie gestrongad heorte
+din & abid dryhten (\Credo uidere bona domini in terra
uiuentium exspecta dominum uiriliter age et
confortetur cor tuum et sustine dominum.\) .
[} (\IPSI DAVID.\) }] 
<R 27.1>
to +de dryhten ic cleopiu god min ne swiga +du from me & ic
biom gelic astigendum in sea+d (\Ad te domine clamabo deus
meus ne sileas a me et ero similis
descendentibus in lacum.\) .
<R 27.2>
geher stefne boene minre +donne ic gebiddu to +de & +donne ic
uphebbu honda mine to temple halgum +dinum (\Exaudi uocem 
deprecationis meae dum oro ad te et dum
extollo manus meas ad templum sanctum tuum.\) .
<R 27.3>
ne somud sele mec mid +d+am synfullum & mid wircendum
unrehtwisnisse ne forspild +du me (\Ne simul tradas me cum 
peccatoribus et cum operantibus iniquitatem ne
perdas me.\) .
<R 27.4>
mid +dissum +da +de spreoca+d sibbe mid +done nestan his yfel
so+dlice sind in hortum heara (\Cum his qui loquuntur pacem 
cum proximo suo, mala autem sunt in
cordibus eorum.\) .
<R 27.5>
sele him efter wercum heara & efter ni+dum teolunge heara
geedleana him (\Da illis secundum opera 
eorum, et secundum nequitias studiorum ipsorum retribue
illis.\) .
<R 27.6>
agef edlean heara him for +don hie ne ongetun in werc dryhten
& in werc honda his ne sceawia+d (\Redde retributionem eorum 
ipsis, quoniam non intellexerunt in
opera domini et in opera manuum eius non considerant.\) .
<R 27.7>
toweorp hie ne +du timbres his gebledsad dryhten for +don
geherde stefne boene minre (\Destrue illos nec aedificabis eos 
benedictus dominus quoniam exaudiuit
uocem deprecationis meae.\) .
<R 27.8>
dryhten fultum min & gescildend min & in hine gehyhte+d
heorte min & gefultumad ic eam (\Dominus adiutor meus et 
protector meus et in ipso sperauit cor meum et
adiutus sum.\) .
<R 27.9>
& bleow flesc min & of willan minum ic ondetto him (\Et
refloruit caro mea et ex uoluntate mea, confitebor illi.\) .
<R 27.10>
dryhten strengo folces his & 
<P 24>
gescildend +deara halwendra
cristes his is (\Dominus fortitudo plebis
suae et protector salutarium christi sui est.\) .
<R 27.11>
hal doo folc +din dryhten & bledsa erfweardnisse +dine & rece
hie & uphefe hie (\Saluum fac populum
tuum domine et benedic hereditati tuae et rege eos et
extolle illos usque in saeculum.\) .
[} (\PSALM~ DD~ IN CONSUMMATIONE TABERNACVLI.\) }] 
<R 28.1>
tobringa+d to dryhtne bearn godes tobringa+d to dryhten bearn
romma (\Afferte domino filii dei afferte domino filios 
arietum.\) .
<R 28.2>
tobringa+d to dryhten wuldur & are tobringa+d to dryhten
wuldur noman his (\Afferte domino gloriam 
et honorem afferte domino gloriam nomini eius.\) .
<R 28.3>
wear+dia+d dryhten in halle +dere halgan his stefn dryhten
ofer weter god megendrymmes hleo+dra+d dreyhten ofer weter 
micel (\Adorate dominum in aula sancta eius,
uox domini super aquas deus maiestatis
intonuit, dominus super aquas multas.\) .
<R 28.4>
stefn dryhten in megne stefn dryhten in micelnisse (\Uox
domini in uirtute uox domini in magnificentia.\) .
<R 28.5>
stefn dryhten gebreocendes cederbeamas & gebrice+d dryhten
cederbeamas +des muntes & gesc+ane+d hie swe swe caelf & se 
leofa swe swe sunu anhyrnra (\Vox domini
confringentis cedros et confringet dominus cedros libani et 
comminuet eas tamquam uitulum libani et
dilectus sicut filius unicornuorum.\) .
<R 28.6>
stefn dryhten betwihgongendes legfyr stefn dryhten
tosaecendes bihygdignisse & onstyre+d dryhten woesten (\Uox 
domini intercidentis flammam ignis uox domini
concutientis solitudinem et commouebit 
dominus desertum cades.\) .
<R 28.7>
stefn dryhten gearwiendes heoretas & biwrah +da +diccan & in
temple his alle cweo+da+d wuldur (\Uox domini praeparantis 
ceruos et reuelabit condensa et in templo
eius omnes dicent gloriam.\) .
<R 28.8>
dryhten cwildeflod inearda+d & site+d dryhten cyning in
ecnisse (\Dominus diluuium inhabitat, et sedebit dominus rex 
in aeternum.\) .
<R 28.9>
dryhten megen folce his sele+d & bledsa+d folc his in sibbe
(\Dominus uirtutem populo suo dabit, et 
benedicet populum suum in pace.\) .
[} (\PSALM~ CANTICI DEDICATIONIS DOMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 29.1>
ic uphebbu +dec dryhten for +don +du onfenge me d ne +du
gelustfullades feond mine ofer mec (\Exaltabo te domine 
quoniam suscepisti me nec delectasti inimicos meos
super me.\) .
<R 29.2>
dryhten god min ic cleopade to +de & +du gehaeldes mec
dryhten +du atuge from helwearum sawle mine +du gehaeldes mec 
from dunestigendum in sea+d (\Domine deus
meus clamaui ad te et sanasti me domine abstraxisti ab inferis 
animam meam, saluasti me a
descendentibus in lacum.\) .
<R 29.3>
singa+d dryhten halge his & ondetta+d gemydde halignisse his
(\Psallite domino sancti eius et confitemini memoriae 
sanctitatis eius.\) .
<R 29.4>
for +don eorre in ebylg+du his & lif in willan his (\Quoniam
ira in indignatione eius, et uita in uoluntate eius.\) .
<R 29.5>
+at efenne wuna+d wop & to margentide blis (\Ad uesperum
demorabitur fletus, et ad matutinatum laetitia.\) .
<R 29.6>
ic so+dlice 
<P 25>
ic ce+d in minre genyhtsumnisse ne biom onstyred
in ecnisse (\Ego autem dixi in mea abundantia non mouebor in 
aeternum.\) .
<R 29.7>
dryhten in godum willan +dinum +du gearwades wlite minum
megen +du forcerdes onsiene +dine from me & 
geworden ic eam gedroefed (\Domine in bona uoluntate tua
praestitisti decori meo uirtutem, auertisti faciem tuam a me 
et factus sum conturbatus.\) .
<R 29.8>
to +de dryhten ic cleopiu & to gode minum ic biddu hwelc
nyttnis in blode mine +donne ic astigo in 
gebrosnunge (\Ad te domine clamabo et ad deum meum deprecabor
quae utilitas in sanguine meo dum discendo in corruptionem.\) .
<R 29.9>
ah ondette+d +de dust o+d+de seged so+dfestnisse +dine
(\Numquid confitebitur tibi puluis aut annuntiabit ueritatem 
tuam.\) .
<R 29.10>
geherde dryhten & mildsiendie is me dryhten geworden is
fultum min (\Audiuit dominus et misertus 
est mihi dominus factus est adiutor meus.\) .
<R 29.11>
+du gecerdes wop minne in gefean me +du toslite sec minne &
bigyrdes me mid blisse +d+at singe +de wuldur min & ic ne biom 
inbr (\Conuertisti planctum meum in
gaudium mihi conscidisti saccum meum et praecinxisti me 
laetitia, ut cantet tibi gloria mea et non
conpungar.\) .
<R 29.12>
dryhten god min in ecnisse ic ondettu +de (\Domine deus meus
in aeternum confitebor tibi.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 30.1>
in +de dryhten ic gehyhte ne biom ic gescended in ecnisse in
+dire rehtwisnisse gefrea me & genere 
me (\In te dne speraui non confundar in aeternum in tua
iustitia libera me et eripe me.\) .
<R 30.2>
onhaeld to me eare +din hrea+da +d+at +du generge mec
(\Inclina ad me aurem tuam acelera ut eripias me.\) .
<R 30.3>
bia +du me in god gescildend & in stowe geberges +d+at halne
mec +du gedoe (\Esto mihi in deum protectorem et in locum 
refugii ut saluum me facias.\) .
<R 30.4>
for +don trymenis min & geberg min +du ear+d & fore noman
+dinum ladtow me +du bist & foedes me (\Quoniam firmamentum 
meum et refugium meum es tu, et propter nomen
tuum dux mihi eris et enutries me.\) .
<R 30.5>
& utaledes mec of gerene +disse +da gedegladon mec for +don
+du ear+d gescildend min dryhten in honda 
+dine ic bibiodu gast minne (\Et educis me de laqueo isto
quem occultauerunt mihi quoniam tu es protector meus domine 
in manus tuas commendo spiritum meum.\) .
<R 30.6>
+du alesdes mec dryhten god so+dfestnisse +du fiodes haldende
idelnisse idellice (\Redimisti me domine deus ueritatis, 
odisti obseruantes uanitatem superuacue.\) .
<R 30.7>
ic so+dlice in dryhten ic gehyhtu ic gefie & blisie in +dinre
mildheortnisse (\Ego autem in domino 
sperabo exultabo et laetabor in tua misericordia.\) .
<R 30.8>
for +don gelocades ea+dmodnisse mine hale +du dydes of
ned+dearfnissum sawle mine ne biluce me in honda feondes 
(\Quia respexisti humilitatem meam saluam fecisti
de necessitatibus animam meam nec conclusisti me in manus 
inimici.\) .
<R 30.9>
+du gesettes in stowe rumre foet mine mildsa me dryhten for
+don ic biom geswenced (\Statuisti in loco spatioso pedes meos 
miserere mihi domine quoniam
tribulor.\) .
<R 30.10>
gedroefed is in eorre ege min sawul 
<P 26>
min & womb min
(\Conturbatus est in ira oculus meus anima mea 
et uenter meus.\) .
<R 30.11>
for +don asprong in sare lif min & ger min geamringum
(\Quoniam defecit in dolore uita mea et anni
mei in gemitibus.\) .
<R 30.12>
geuntrumad is in +dearfednisse megen min & ban min gedroefed
sind (\Infirmata est in paupertate uirtus mea et ossa mea 
conturbata sunt.\) .
<R 30.13>
ofer alle fiond mine geworden ic eam edwit nehgehusum minum
swi+de & ege cu+dum minum (\Super omnes
inimicos meos factus sum opprobrium uicinis meis nimium, et
timor notis meis.\) .
<R 30.14>
+da gesegun me ute flugun from me ic gesnerc swe swe dead
from heortan & geworden ic eam swe swe fet forloren (\Qui 
uidebant me foris fugiebant a me excidi
tamquam mortuus a corde et factus sum sicut uas perditum.\) .
<R 30.15>
for +don ic geherde telnisse monigra ymbeardiendra (\Quoniam
audiui uituperationem multorum circumhabitantium.\) .
<R 30.16>
in +don +donne bio+d gesomnade alle somud wi+d me +d+at hie
onfoen sawle mine ge+daehtende werun (\In eo
dum congregarentur omnes simul aduersum me ut acciperent
animam meam consiliati sunt.\) .
<R 30.17>
ic so+dlice in +de gehyhte dryhten ic cwe+d +du ear+d god min
in hondum +dinum tide mine (\Ego uero in 
te speraui domine dixi tu es deus meus in manibus tuis tempora
mea.\) .
<R 30.18>
gefrea me & genere me of hondum feonda minra & from oehtendum
me (\Libera me et eripe me de manibus inimicorum meorum et a 
persequentibus me.\) .
<R 30.19>
inliht onsiene +dine ofer +diow +dinne & halne mec doa in
+dinre mildheortnisse dryhten ne biom ic gescended for +don ic 
gecede +dec (\Inlumina faciem tuam super
seruum tuum et saluum me fac in tua misericordia domine non 
confundar quoniam inuocaui te.\) .
<R 30.20>
scomien arlease & sien geledde in helle dumbe sien gefremed
weolere faecne +da spreoca+d wi+d +d+am rehtwisan 
unrehtwisnisse in oferhygde & forhogadnisse
(\Erubescant impii et deducantur in infernum muta efficiantur 
labia dolosa quae loquuntur aduersus iustum
iniquitatem in superbia et contemptu.\) .
<R 30.21>
swi+de micel mengu swoetnisse +dinre dryhten +da +du ahydes
ondredendum +de & +du gefremedes +da gehyhtendum in +dec in 
gesih+de bearn monna (\Quam magna multitudo
dulcidinis tuae domine quam abscondisti timentibus te et 
perfecisti eam sperantibus in te in conspectu
filiorum hominum.\) .
<R 30.22>
+du ahydes hie in degulnisse ondwleotan +dines from
gedroefednisse monna (\Abscondes eos in adbitu 
uultus tui a conturbatione hominum.\) .
<R 30.23>
gescildes hie in getelde +dinum from wi+dcwedenisse ge+dieda
(\Proteges eos in tabernaculo tuo, a contradictione 
linguarum.\) .
<R 30.24>
gebledsad dryhten for +don gemiclade mildheortnisse his in
cestre ymbstondnisse (\Benedictus dominus quoniam mirificauit 
misericordiam suam in ciuitate
circumstantiae.\) .
<R 30.25>
ic so+dlice ic cwe+d in fyrhtu minre aworpen ic eam from
ondwleotan egena +dinra (\Egc autem dixi in
pauore meo proiectus sum a uultu oculorum tuorum.\) .
<R 30.26>
for +don +du geherdes stefne boene minre mi+d +dy ic cleopiu
to +de (\Ideo exaudisti uocem depraecationis meae dum clamarem 
ad te. diapsalma.\) .
<R 30.27>
lufia+d dryhten alle halge his for +don so+dfestnisse soece+d
dryhten & geedleana+d +deossu +ta genyhtsumlice doo+d oferhygd 
(\Diligite dominum omnes sancti eius
quoniam ueritatem requiret dominus et retribuet his qui 
abundanter faciunt superbiam.\) .
<P 27>
<R 30.28>
werlice do+d & sie gestrongad heorte eower alle +da +de
gehyhta+d in dryhtne (\Viriliter agite et confortetur cor 
uestrum, omnes qui speratis in domino.\) .
[} (\DAVID INTELLECTVS.\) }] 
<R 31.1>
eadge +deara forletne sind unrehtwisnisse & +deara biwrigen
sind synne (\Beati quorum remissae sunt
iniquitates et quorum tecta sunt peccata.\) .
<R 31.2>
eadig wer +d+am ne getele+d dryhten synne ne is in mu+de his
facen (\Beatus uir cui non imputabit dominus peccatum nec est 
in ore eius dolus.\) .
<R 31.3>
for +don ic swigade aldadon all ban min mid +dy ic cleapade
alne deg (\Quoniam tacui inueterauerunt 
omnia ossa mea dum clamarem tota die.\) .
<R 31.4>
for +don deges & naehtes gehefegad is ofer me hond +din
gecerred ic eam in erm+du +donne bi+d gebrocen
+dorn (\Quoniam die ac nocte grauata est super me manus tua,
conuersus sum in erumna dum confringitur spina.\) .
<R 31.5>
scyld min cu+de +de ic dyde & unrehtwisnisse mine ic ne
oferwrah (\Delictum meum cognitum tibi feci 
et iniustitias meas non operui.\) .
<R 31.6>
ic cwe+d ic for+dsegcgo wi+d me unrehtwisnisse mine from
dryhten & +du geedleanedes arleasnisse heortan minre (\Dixi 
pronuntiabo aduersum me iniustitias meas
domino et tu remisisiti impietatem cordis
mei.\) .
<R 31.7>
fore +dissum gebide+d to +de all halig in tid geliplice
hwe+dre so+dlice in cwildeflode wetra micelra 
to him to ne geneolaeca+d (\Pro hac orabit ad te omnis
sanctus in tempore oportuno uerumtamen in diluuio aquarum 
multarum ad eum non adproximabunt.\) .
<R 31.8>
+du me ear+d geberg from fer+drycednisse sie ymbseled salde
me wynsumnis min ales mec from ymbsellendum me (\Tu mihi es 
refugium a pressura quae circumdedit me
exultatio mea redime me a circumdantibus me. diapsalma.\) .
<R 31.9>
ondget ic sellu +de & getimbru +de in wege +dissum +d+am +du
ing+ast ic getrymmu ofer +de egan min (\Intellectum dabo tibi 
et instruam te in uia hac qua ingredieris
firmabo super te oculos meos.\) .
<R 31.10>
nylla+d bion swe swe hors & mul in d+am nis ondget (\Nolite
fieri sicut equus et mulus in quibus non
est intellectus.\) .
<R 31.11>
in bridelse & haelftreo cecan heara geteh +da to ne
genehlaeca+d to +de (\In freno et camo maxillas 
eorum constringe qui non adproximant ad te.\) .
<R 31.12>
monge drea synfulra gehyhtende so+dlice in dryhtne
mildheortnis ymbsele+d (\Multa flagella peccatorum sperantes 
autem in domino misericordia circumdabit.\) .
<R 31.13>
blisia+d in dryhtne & gefia+d rehtwise & wuldria+d alle rehte
on heortan (\Laetamini in domino et exultate iusti et 
gloriamini omnes recti corde.\) .
<P 28>
[} (\PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 32.1>
gefio+d rehtwise in dryhten rehtwise gedeofena+d efenherenis
(\Gaudete iusti in domino rectos decet 
conlaudatio.\) .
<R 32.2>
ondetta+d dryhten in citra in hearpan ten strenga singa+d him
(\Confitemini domino in cythara in psalterio decem chordarum 
psallite ei.\) .
<R 32.3>
singa+d him song neowne wel singa+d in wynsumnisse (\Cantate
ei canticum nouum bene psallite in iubilatione.\) .
<R 32.4>
for +don reht is word dryhten & all werc his in geleafan
(\Quoniam rectus est sermo domini et omnia
opera eius in fide.\) .
<R 32.5>
lufa+d mildheortnisse & dom mildheortnisse dryhten ful is
eor+de worde dryhten heofenas getrymede sind & gaste mu+des 
his all megen heara (\Diligit
misericordiam et iudicium misericordia domini plena est terra 
uerbo domini caeli firmati sunt et spiritu oris
eius omnis uirtus eorum.\) .
<R 32.6>
gesomnende swe swe in cylle weter s+as settende in goldhordum
neolnisse (\Congregans sicut in utrem aquas maris ponens in 
thesauris abyssos.\) .
<R 32.7>
ondrede dryhten all eor+de from him so+dlice bio+d onstyred
alle & alle +da eardia+d ymbhwyrst (\Timeat dominum omnis 
terra ab ipso autem commoueantur uniuersi et
omnes qui habitant orbem.\) .
<R 32.8>
for +don he cwe+d & werun geworden hie et & gecwicad werun
(\Quoniam ipse dixit et facta sunt ipse mandauit et creata 
suut.\) .
<R 32.9>
dryhten tostence+d ge+d+aht +dieda wi+dceose+d so+dlice
ge+dohtas folca & wi+dceose+d ge+daeht aldermonna (\Dominus 
dissipat consilia gentium reprobat autem cogitationes
populorum et reprobat consilia principum.\) .
<R 32.10>
ge+daeht so+dli dryhten wuna+d in ecnisse ge+dohtas heortan
his in weoruld weorulde (\Consilium uero 
domini manet in aeternum cogitationes cordis eius in saeculum
saeculi.\) .
<R 32.11>
eadigu +diod +dere is dryhten god heara folc +d+at geceas
dryhten in erfeweardnisse him (\Beata gens 
cuius est dominus deus eorum populum quem elegit dominus in
hereditatem sibi.\) .
<R 32.12>
of hiefene gelocade dryhten & gesaeh alle bearn monna of
+d+am gegearwedan eardunghuse his geloca+d 
ofer alle +da +de eardia+d ymbhwyrft (\De caelo prospexit
dominus et uidit omnes filios hominum de praeparato habitaculo 
suo respexit super omnes qui habitant
orbem.\) .
<R 32.13>
se gehiewade wrixendlice heortan heara se ongite+d in all
werc hiera (\Qui finxit singillatim corda eorum qui intellegit 
in omnia opera eorum.\) .
<R 32.14>
ne bi geheled cyning +dorh micel megen his ne gigent hal bi+d
in mengu streng his (\Non saluabitur 
rex per multam uirtutem suam nec gigans saluus erit in
multitudine fortitudinis suae.\) .
<R 32.15>
leas hors to haelu in genyhtsumnisse so+dlice megnes his ne
bi+d halu (\Falsus equus ad salutem in 
abundantia autem, uirtutis suae non erit saluus.\) .
<R 32.16>
seh+de egan dryhten ofer +da ondredendan hine gehyhtende
so+dlice in mildheortnisse his +det he ge from dea+de sawle 
heara & foede+d his in hungre (\Ecce oculi
domini super timentes eum sperantes autem
in misericordia eius ut eripiat a morte animas eorum et alat
eos in fame.\) .
<R 32.17>
sawul so+dlice ur abide+d dryhten for +don fultum &
gescildend ur is & in him bi+d geblissad heorte ur & in noman 
+d+am halgan his we gehyhta+d (\Anima autem
nostra sustinet dominum quoniam adiutor et protector noster 
est et in ipso laetabitur cor nostrum et in
nomine sancto eius sperabimus.\) .
<R 32.18>
sie dryhten mildheortnis +din ofer us swe swe we gehyhta+d in
+de (\Fiat domine misericordia tua super nos sicut sperabimus 
in te.\) .
<P 29>
[} (\PSALM~ DD~. CVM INMVTAVIT VVL TVM SVV~ CORAM ABIM ET
DIMISIT EVM ET ABIIT.\) }] 
<R 33.1>
ic bledsiu dryhten in alle tid aa lof his in mu+de minum
(\Benedicam dominum in omni tempore, semper laus eius in ore 
meo.\) .
<R 33.2>
in dryhtne bi+d hered sawul min geheren +da mon+dueran &
blissien (\In domino laudabitur anima mea audiant mansueti et 
laetentur.\) .
<R 33.3>
miclia+d dryhten mid me & uphebba+d we noman his betwinum
(\Magnificate dominum mecum, et exaltemus 
nomen eius in inuicem.\) .
<R 33.4>
ic sohte dryhten & he geherde me & of allum geswencednissum
minum generede me (\Inquisiui dominum
et exaudiuit me et ex omnibus tribulationibus meis eripuit
me.\) .
<R 33.5>
togenehlaeca+d to him & bio+d inlihte & ondwleotan eowre ne
scomien (\Accedite ad eum et inluminamini et uultus uestri non 
erubescent.\) .
<R 33.6>
+des +dearfa cleopede & dryhten geherde hine & of allum
geswencednissum his gefriode hine (\Iste pauper clamauit et 
dominus exaudiuit eum, et ex omnibus
tribulationibus eius liberauit eum.\) .
<R 33.7>
insende engel dryhten in ymbhwyrfte ondredendra hine &
genere+d hie (\Inmittit angelum dominus in 
circuitu timentium eum et eripiet eos.\) .
<R 33.8>
berga+d & gesia+d +d+atte wynsum is dryhten eadig wer se
gehyhte+d in hine (\Gustate et uidete quoniam
suauis est dominus beatus uir qui sperat in eum.\) .
<R 33.9>
ondreda+d dryhten alle halge his for +don nowiht wonu bi+d
+d+am ondredendum hine (\Timete dominum omnes sancti eius, 
quoniam nihil deest timentibus eum.\) .
<R 33.10>
weolie we+dladon & hyngradun socende so+dlice dryhten ne
aspringa+d +angum gode (\Diuites eguerunt et
esurierunt, inquirentes autem dominum non deficient omni
bono.\) .
<R 33.11>
cuma+d bearn gehera+d me ege dryhten ic l+aru eow (\Venite
filii audite me, timorem domini docebo uos.\) .
<R 33.12>
hwelc is mon se wile lif & willa+d gesian d+agas gode (\Quis
est homo qui uult uitam, et cupit uidere dies bonos.\) .
<R 33.13>
bewere tungan +dine from yfle & weolure +dy l+as sprecen
facen (\Cohibe linguam tuam a malo et labia 
tua ne loquantur dolum.\) .
<R 33.14>
acer from yfle & doa god soec sibbe & fylg +da (\Diuerte a
malo et fac bonum, inquire pace et sequere eam.\) .
<R 33.15>
egan dryhten ofer rehtwise & earan his to boene heara
(\Oculi domini super iustos, et aures eius ad preces eorum.\) .
<R 33.16>
ondwleotan so+dlice dryhten ofer +da dondan yfel +det he
forspilde of eor+dan gemynd heara (\Vultus autem domini super 
facientes mala ut perdat de terra memoriam
eorum.\) .
<R 33.17>
cleopedon rehtwise & dryhten geherde hie & of allum
geswencednissum heara gefrede hie (\Clamauerunt iusti, et 
dominus exaudiuit eos, et ex omiibus
tribulationibus eorum liberauit eos.\) .
<R 33.18>
neh is dryhten +dissum +da geswencedre sind on heortan &
ea+dmode on gaste gehaele+d (\Iuxta est dominus his qui 
tribulato sunt corde, et humiles spiritu
saluabit.\) .
<R 33.19>
mong geswenced rehtwisra & of +dissum allum gefrea+d hie
dryhten (\Multae tribulationes iustorum et 
de his omnibus liberabit eos dominus.\) .
<R 33.20>
dryhten halde+d all ban heara an of +d+am ne bi+d fordrested
(\Dominus custodit omnia ossa eorum, unum
ex eis non conteretur.\) .
<R 33.21>
dea+d synfulra se wyrresta & +da +da figa+d +done rehtwisan
agylta+d (\Mors peccatorum pessima, et qui oderunt iustum 
delinquent.\) .
<P 30>
<R 33.22>
alese+d dryhten sawle +diowa his & ne forlete+d alle +da +de
gehyhta+d in hine (\Redimet dominus animas
seruorum suorum et non derelinquet omnes qui sperant in
eum.\) .
[} (\IPSI DAVID.\) }] 
<R 34.1>
doem dryhten +da sce+d+dendan me oferfeht +da onfehtendan mec
(\Ivdica domine nocentes me expungna inpugnantes me.\) .
<R 34.2>
gegrip wepen & sceld & aris in fultum me (\Adpraehende arma
et scutum, et exurge in adiutorium mihi.\) .
<R 34.3>
ageot sweord & biluc wi+d him +da +de me oehta+d cwe+d to
sawle minre h+alu +din ic eam (\Effunde frameam et conclude 
aduersus eos qui me persequuntur dic animae
meae salus tua ego sum.\) .
<R 34.4>
sien gescilde & onscunien feond mine +da soeca+d sawle mine
(\Confundantur et reuereantur inimici mei, qui quaerunt animam 
meam.\) .
<R 34.5>
sien forcerred on bec & scomien +da +denca+d me yfel
(\Auertantur retrorsum et erubescant qui cogitant 
mihi mala.\) .
<R 34.6>
sien swe swe dus biforan onsiene windes & engel dryhten
swencende hie (\Fiant tamquam puluis ante 
faciem uenti, et angelus domini adfligens eos.\) .
<R 34.7>
sien wegas heara +deostre & glidd & +angel dryhten oehtende
his (\Fiant uiae eorum tenebrae et lubricum et angelus domini 
persequens eos.\) .
<R 34.8>
for +don bi ungewyrhtum ahyddon me forwyrd girene heara
idellice edwittun sawle mine (\Quoniam gratis absconderunt 
mihi interitum laquei sui, uane
exprobrauerunt animam meam.\) .
<R 34.9>
cyme him giren +da hie neoton & geheftednis +da gedegladon
gegripe+d hie in girene ingefallen hie in
+d+at ilce (\Ueniat illis laqueus quem ignorant et captio
quam occultauerunt adpraehendat eos in laqueo incidant in id 
ipso.\) .
<R 34.10>
sawul so+dlice min gefi+d in dryhtne & bi+d gelustfulla+d
ofer haelu his (\Anima autem mea exultabit 
in domino, et delectabitur super salutare eius.\) .
<R 34.11>
all ban min cweoda+d dryhten hwelc gelic +de genergende
we+dlan of honda strongran his we+dlan & +dearfan from +d+am 
reafiendum hine (\Omnia ossa mea dicent,
domine quis similis tibi, eripiens inopem de
manu fortioris eius egenum et pauperem a rapientibus eum.\) .
<R 34.12>
arisende cy+deras unrehte +da ic nysse frugnon mec &
geedleanedun me yfel fore godum & unbeorednisse sawle minre 
(\Exsurgentes testes iniqui quae ignorabam
interrogabant me et retribuebant mihi mala pro bonis, et 
sterelitatem animae meae.\) .
<R 34.13>
ic so+dlice +donne me hefie werun ic gegerede mec mid heran &
ic geea+dmodade in festenne sawle mine
& gebed min in seate minum sie forcerred (\Ego autem dum
mihi molesti essent induebam me cilicio, 
et humiliabam in ieiunio animam meam et oratio mea in sinu
meo conuertetur.\) .
<R 34.14>
swe +done nestan swe bro+dur urne swe ic gelicie swe swe
hiofende & geunrotsad swe ic wes geea+dmodad (\Sicut proximum 
sicut fratrem nostrum ita conplacebam
tamquam lugens et contristatus ita humiliabar.\) .
<R 34.15>
wi+d me geblissade werun & tosomne bicwomun gesomnadon 
<P 31>
in mec
+drea & hie hit nyston (\Aduersum me 
laetati sunt et conuenerunt, congregauerunt in me flagella et
ignorauerunt.\) .
<R 34.16>
tolesde sind ne geinbryrde sind costadon mec & bismeradon mid
bismerunge grymetadon in mec mid to+dum heara (\Dissoluti sunt 
nec conpuncti sunt temptauerunt
me et diriserunt derisu striderunt in me dentibus suis.\) .
<R 34.17>
dryhten hwonne gelocas +du gesete sawle mine from yfeldedum
heara from leom +da angan mine (\Domine
quando respicies restitue animam meam a malefactis eorum, a
leonibus unicam meam.\) .
<R 34.18>
ic ondetto +de dryhten in cirican micelre in folce hefigum ic
hergu +de (\Confitebor tibi domine in
ecclesia magna, in populo graui laudabo te.\) .
<R 34.19>
+d+at ne bismerien in mec +da +de wi+derbrocia+d me
unrehtlice +da +de fia+d me bi ungewyrhtum & becnadon 
mid egum (\Vt non insultent in me qui aduersantur mihi inique
qui oderunt me gratis et annuebant oculis.\) .
<R 34.20>
for +don me efne sibsumlice spreoca+d & ofer eorre faecenlice
+dohtun (\Quoniam mihi quidem pacifice 
loquebantur et super iram dolose cogitabant.\) .
<R 34.21>
gebreddon in me mu+d his cwedon wel +de wel +de gesegan egan
ur +du gesege dryhten ne swiga +du dryhten ne gewit +d from me 
(\Dilatauerunt in me os suum dixerunt
euge euge uiderunt oculi nostri uidisti
domine ne sileas domine ne discedas a me.\) .
<R 34.22>
aris dryhten & bihald dom minne god min & dryhten min in
intingan minne (\Exsurge domine et intende iudicium meum, deus 
meus et dominus meus in causam meam.\) .
<R 34.23>
doem me dryhten efter mildheortnisse +dinre dryhten god min
+t+at ne bismerien in mec feond mine ne 
cwe+den in heortum heara wel +de wel +de sawle ure ne cwe+den
we forswelga+d hine (\Iudica me domine secundum misericordiam 
tuam domine deus meus ut non insultent
in me inimici mei nec dicant in cordibus suis euge euge animae 
nostrae nec dicant absorbuimus
eum.\) .
<R 34.24>
scomien & onscunien somud +da blissia+d yflum minum sien
gerede scome & awescnisse +da +da miclan spreoca+d wi+d me 
(\Erubescant et reuereantur simul qui
gratulantur malis meis induantur pudore et reuerentia qui 
magna loquuntur aduersum me.\) .
<R 34.25>
gefia+d & blissia+d +da willa+d rehtwinisse mine & cweo+da+d
aa sie miclad dryhten +da willa+d sibb +deowes his (\Exultent 
et laetentur qui uolunt iustitiam meam et
dicant semper magnificetur dominus qui 
uolunt pacem serui eius.\) .
<R 34.26>
ah & mid tungan min bi+d smegende rehtwisnisse +dine alne deg
lof +din (\Sed et lingua mea meditabitur iustitiam tuam tota 
die laudem tuam.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM SERVO DN~I PSALM~ DAVID.\) }] 
<R 35.1>
cwe+d se unrehtwisa +d+atte in him seolfum nis ege godes
biforan egum his (\Dixit iniustus ut delinquat in semetipso 
non est timor dei ante oculos eius.\) .
<R 35.2>
for +don faccenlice dyde in gesih+de his +d+at gemoette
unrehtwisnisse his & lae+du (\Quoniam dolose egit in conspectu 
eius ut inueniret iniquitatem suam et
odium.\) .
<R 35.3>
word mu+des his unrehtwisse & facen nalde ongeotan +d+at wel
dyde unrehtwisnisse smegende is in bedcleofan his (\Uerba oris 
eius iniquitas et dolus, noluit
intellegere ut bene ageret, iniquitatem, meditatus est in 
cubili suo.\) .
<P 32>
<R 35.4>
+atstod allum wege noht gode hete so+dlice ne fiede
(\Adstitit omni uiae non bonae, malitiam autem non odiuit.\) .
<R 35.5>
dryhten in heofene mildheortnis +din & so+dfestnis +din o+d
wolcen (\Domine in caelo misericordia tua 
et ueritas tua usque ad nubes.\) .
<R 35.6>
rehtwisnis +din swe swe muntas godes domas +dine niolnis
micelu (\Iustitia tua sicut montes dei iudicia tua abyssus 
multa.\) .
<R 35.7>
men & neat hale +du does dryhten to +d+am gemete
gemonigfaldade mildheortnisse +dine god (\Homines et
iumenta saluos facies domine quemammodum multiplicasti
misericordias tuas deus.\) .
<R 35.8>
bearn so+dlice monna in gescildnisse fi+dra +dinra gehyhta+d
bio+d geindrencte from breostum huses +dines & burnan willan 
+dines drences hie (\Filii autem hominum
in protectione alarum tuarum sperabunt, 
inebriabuntur ab, ubertate domus tuae, et torrente uoluntatis
tuae potabis eos.\) .
<R 35.9>
for +don mid +de is waelle lifes & in lehte +dinum we gesia+d
leht (\Quoniam apud te est fons uitae et
in lumine tuo uidebimus lumen.\) .
<R 35.10>
+dene mildheortnisse +dine weotendum +dec & rehwisnisse +dine
+dissum +da rehte sind on heortan (\Praetende misericordiam 
tuam scientibus te, et iustitiam tuam his
qui recto sunt corde.\) .
<R 35.11>
ne cyme me fot oferhygde & hond synfulra ne onwende+d mec
(\Non ueniat mihi pes superbiae et manus 
peccatorum non moueat me.\) .
<R 35.12>
+der gefeollun alle +da +da wirca+d unrehwisnisse on weg
adrifene sind ne hie maegon stondan (\Ibi ceciderunt omnes qui 
operantur iniquitatem expulsi sunt nec
potuerunt stare.\) .
[} (\IPSI DAVID.\) }] 
<R 36.1>
nyl +du elnian betwih awergde ne elnende +du sie donde
unrehtwisnisse (\Noli aemulari inter malignantes, neque 
aemulatus fueris facientes iniquitatem.\) .
<R 36.2>
for +don swe swe heg hre+dlice adrugia+d & swe swe leaf wyrta
hre+de falla+d (\Quoniam tamquam faenum 
uelociter arescent et sicut holera herbarum cito cadent.\) .
<R 36.3>
gehyht in dryhten & doa godnisse & inearda eor+dan & +du
bist foeded in weolum hire (\Spera in domino et fac bonitatem 
et inhabita terram et pasceris in
diuitiis eius.\) .
<R 36.4>
gelustfulla in dryhten & sele+d +de boene heortan +dinre
(\Delectare in domino et dabit tibi petitionem cordis tui.\) .
<R 36.5>
onwrih dryhtne wig +dinne & gehyht in hine & he doe+d
(\Reuela domino uiam tuam et spera in eu et ipse faciet.\) .
<R 36.6>
& utalede+d swe swe leht rehtwisnisse +dine & dom +dinne swe
on midne deg (\Et educet tamquam lumen 
iustitiam tuam, et iudicium tuum sicut meridie.\) .
<R 36.7>
under+dioded bio +du dryhten & halsa hine ne elnende +du sie
hine se bi+d gesundfullad in wege his in
men dondum unrehtwisnisse (\Subditus esto domino et obsecra
eum, ne aemulatus fueris eum qui prosperatur in uia sua in 
homine faciente iniquitatem.\) .
<R 36.8>
blin from eorre & forlet hatheortnisse ne elna +du +t+atte
nohtlice +du doe (\Desine ab, ira et derelinque furorem, ne 
aemuleris ut nequiter facias.\) .
<R 36.9>
for +don +da nohtlice do+d bia+d abreotte +da so+dlice
abida+d dryhten he erfewordnisse 
<P 33>
gesitta+d eor+dan 
(\Qum qui nequiter agunt exterminabuntur, qui uero expectant
dominum, ipsi hereditate possidebunt 
terram.\) .
<R 36.10>
lytel nu get & ne bi+d se synfulla & soeces stowe his ne +du
gemotes (\Pusillum adhuc et non erit peccator, et quaeres 
locum eius nec inuenies.\) .
<R 36.11>
+da mon+duaeran so+dlice gesitta+d eor+dan & bio+d
gelustfullade in menge sibbe (\Mansueti autem possidebunt 
terram, et delectabuntur in multitudine pacis.\) .
<R 36.12>
halde+d se synfulla +done rehtwisan & grymetad ofer hine mid
to+dum his dryhten so+dlice bismera+d hine for +don geloca+d 
+d+at cyme+d deg his (\Obseruabit
peccator iustum et fremebit super eum dentibus suis, dominus 
autem inridebit eum quoniam prospicit quod ueniet
dies eius.\) .
<R 36.13>
sweord gebrugdun +da synfullan +denedon bogan his +d+at hie
awurpen we+dlan & +dearfan +d+at hie cwaelmen
+da rehtheortan (\Gladium euaginauerunt peccatores
tetenderunt arcum suum ut deiciant inopem et pauperem ut 
trucident rectos corde.\) .
<R 36.14>
sweord heara ingae+d in heortan heara & boga heara bi+d
for+drested (\Gladius eorum intret in cor ipsorum et arcus 
eorum conteratur.\) .
<R 36.15>
bettre is lytel +d+am rehtwisan ofer weolan synfulra monge
(\Melius est modicum iusto super diuitias
peccatorum multas.\) .
<R 36.16>
for +don earm synfulra sien for+dreste+d getryme+d so+dlice
+da rehtwisan dryhten (\Quoniam brachia peccatorum conterentur 
confirmat autem iustos dominus.\) .
<R 36.17>
wat dryhten weagas unwemra & erfewordnis heara in ecnisse
bi+d (\Nouit dominus uias inmaculatorum et hereditas eorum in 
aeternum erit.\) .
<R 36.18>
ne bio+d gescende in tid yfle & in d+agum hungres bio+d
gefylde for +don synfulle forweor+da+d (\Non confundentur in 
tempore malo et in diebus famis saturabuntur,
quoniam peccatores peribunt.\) .
<R 36.19>
feond so+dlice dryhten sona gearade & upahefene bia+d
aspringende swe swe rec hie aspringa+d (\Inimici autem domini 
mox honorati et exaltati fuerint deficientes
ut fumus deficient.\) .
<R 36.20>
bi+d onwende se synfulla & ne onlese+d se rehtwisa so+dlice
mildsa+d & ge+dwaera+d (\Mutuatur peccator 
et non soluet iustus autem miseretur et commodat.\) .
<R 36.21>
for +don bledsiende hine gesitta+d eor+dan wercweo+dende
so+dlice hine forweor+da+d (\Quoniam benedicentes eum 
possidebunt terram maledicientes autem illum
disperient.\) .
<R 36.22>
from dryhtne gong monnes bio+d gereht & weg his gewilla+d
swi+de (\A domino gressus hominis dirigentur et uiam eius 
cupiet nimis.\) .
<R 36.23>
+donne gefalle+d se rehtwisa ne bi+d gedroefede for +don
dryhten tryme+d hond his (\Cum ceciderit iustus non 
conturbabitur quia dominus firmat manuum eius.\) .
<R 36.24>
gungra ic wes & ic aldade & ic ne gesaeh +done rehtwisan
forletenne ne sed his we+dliende hlaf (\Iuuenior fui et senui 
et non uidi iustum derelictum nec semen
eius egens panem.\) .
<R 36.25>
alne deg mildsa+d & ge+tw+ara+d & sed his in bledsunge bi+d
(\Tota die miseretur et commodat et semen eius in benedictione 
erit.\) .
<R 36.26>
onhaeld from yfle & doo god & inearda in weoruld weorulde
(\Declina a malo et fac bonum et inhabita in saeculum 
saeculi.\) .
<R 36.27>
for +don dryhten lufa+d dom & ne forlete+d halge his in
ecnisse bio+d gehaldne (\Quoniam dominus amat
iudicium et non derelinquit sanctos suos in aeternum,
conseruabuntur.\) .
<R 36.28>
+da unrehtwisan so+dlice bio+d wicnade & sed arleasra
forweor+de+d (\Iniusti autem punientur et semen impiorum 
peribit.\) .
<P 34>
<R 36.29>
+da rehtwisan so+dlice erfewordnisse gesitta+d eor+dan &
ineardia+d in weoruld weorulde ofer hie (\Iusti uero 
hereditate possidebunt terram et inhabitabunt in
saeculum saeculi super eam.\) .
<R 36.30>
mu+d +des rehtwisan bi+d smead snyttru & tunge his spriced
dom (\Os iusti meditabitur sapientiam et lingua eius loquetur 
iudicium.\) .
<R 36.31>
ae godes his in heortan his & ne bio+d gescrenote gongas his
(\Lex dei eius in corde ipsius et non 
supplantabuntur gressus eius.\) .
<R 36.32>
sceawa+d se synfulla +done rehtwisan & soece+d forspildan
hine dryhten so+dlice ne forlete+d hine in hondum his ne 
genidera+d hine +donne bi+d omed him
(\Considerat peccator iustum et queret perdere eum, dominus 
autem non derelinquet eum in manibus eius nec
damnabit eum cum iudicabitur illi.\) .
<R 36.33>
abid dryhten & gehald wegas his & hefe+d up +de +t+at +du
ineardie eor+dan +donne forweor+da+d +da synfullan +du gesist 
(\Expecta dominum et custodi uias eius et
exaltabit te ut inhabites terram cum pereant
peccatores uidebis.\) .
<R 36.34>
asan upahefenne & upahefenne ofer cederbeamas (\Uidi impium
superexaltatum et eleuatum super cedros libani.\) .
<R 36.35>
& ic leorde & seh+de ne wes & ic sohte hine & ne wes gemoted
stow his (\Et transiui et ecce non erat et quaesiui eum et non 
est inuentus locus eius.\) .
<R 36.36>
hald so+dfestnisse & geseh efennisse for +don sind lafe menn
+d+am sibsuman (\Custodi ueritatem et uide aequitatem, quoniam 
sunt reliquiae homini pacifico.\) .
<R 36.37>
+da unrehtan so+dlice forweor+da+d somud lafe arleasra
forweor+da+d (\Iniusti autem disperient simul reliquiae 
impiorum peribunt.\) .
<R 36.38>
haelu so+dlice rehtwisra from dryhtne is & gescildend heara
is on tid geswinces (\Salus autem iustorum a domino est et 
protector eorum est in tempore
tribulationis.\) .
<R 36.39>
& gefultume+d hie dryhten & gefreo+d hie & genere+d hie from
synfullum & hale gedoe+d hie for +don gehyhton in hine (\Et 
adiuuabit eos dominus et liberabit eos et
eripiet eos a peccatoribus et saluos 
faciet eos quoniam sperauerunt in eum.\) .
[} (\PSALMVS DAVID IN COMMEMORATIONE.\) }] 
<R 37.1>
dryhten nales in eorre +dinum +drea me n in hatheortnisse
+dinre ge+drea mec (\Domine ne in ira tua arguas me neque in 
furore tuo corripias me.\) .
<R 37.2>
for +don strele +dine gefestnade sind me & getrymedes ofer
mec hond +dine (\Quoniam sagittae tuae infixae sunt mihi et 
confirmasti super me manum tuam.\) .
<R 37.3>
ne is haelu in flesce minum fro ondwleatan eorres +dines nis
sib banum minum from onsiene synna minra (\Nec est sanitas 
in carne mea a uultu irae tuae non est
pax ossibus meis a facie peccatorum meorum.\) .
<R 37.4>
for +don unrehtwisnisse mine ofergesetton heafud min swe swe
byr+den hefig gehefegade sind ofer mec
(\Quoniam iniquitates meae superposuerunt caput meum, sicut
onus graue grauatae sunt super me.\) .
<P 35>
<R 37.5>
fuladun & wyrsadon wundswe+de mine from onsiene unwisdomes
mines (\Conputruerunt et deteriorauerunt
cicatrices meae a facie insipientiae meae.\) .
<R 37.6>
erm+dum geswenced ic eam & gedroefed ic eam o+d in ende alne
deg geunrotsad ic ineode (\Miseriis afflictus sum et turbatus 
sum usque in finem tota die
contristatus ingrediebar.\) .
<R 37.7>
for +don sawul min gefylled is bismernissum & ne wes haelu in
flaesce minum (\Quoniam anima mea conpleta est inlusionibus et 
non est sanitas in carne mea.\) .
<R 37.8>
gebeged ic eam & gehened ic eam a hu lenge swi+du ic
grymetede from geamrunge heortan minre & biforan +de is all 
lust min & gemrung min from +de nis ahyded
(\Incurbatus sum et humiliatus sum usquequaque rugiebam a 
gemitu cordis mei et ante te est omne
desiderium meum et gemitus meus a te non est
absconditus.\) .
<R 37.9>
heorte min gedroefed is in me & forleort mec strengu min &
leht egena minra nis mid me (\Cor meum
conturbatum est in me et deseruit me fortitudo mea et lumen
oculorum meorum non est mecum.\) .
<R 37.10>
freod mine & +da nestan mine wi+d me tolehlaeca+d & stodon &
+da nestan mine feor stodon (\Amici mei 
et proximi mei aduersum me adpropiauerunt et steterunt et
proximi mei a longe steterunt.\) .
<R 37.11>
& ned dydun +da sohton sawle mine & +da sohton yfel me
spreocende werun idelnisse & facen alne deg 
werun smegende (\Et uim faciebant qui querebant animam meam
et qui inquirebant mala mihi locuti sunt uanitatem et dolos 
tota die meditabantur.\) .
<R 37.12>
ic so+dlice swe swe deaf ic ne geherde & swe swe dumb se ne
ontyne+d mu+d his (\Ego autem uelut surdus non audiebam et 
sicut mutus qui non aperiet os suum.\) .
<R 37.13>
& geworden ic eam swe swe mon no geherrende & nabbende in
mu+de his +dreange (\Et factus sum ut homo non audiens et non 
habens in ore suo increpationem.\) .
<R 37.14>
for +don in +de dryhten ic gehyhte ic cwe+d +du +d geheres
dryhten god min (\Quoniam in te domine speraui dixi tu 
exaudies domine deus meus.\) .
<R 37.15>
for +don ic cwe+d ne ahwonne bismerien in mec feond mine &
mid +dy bio+d onstyrede foet min in me +da 
miclan spreocende sind (\Quia dixi nequando insultent in me
inimici mei et dum commouerentur pedes
mei in me magna locuti sunt.\) .
<R 37.16>
for +don ic to +dream gearu ic eam & sar min biforan me is aa
(\Quoniam ego ad flagella paratus sum 
et dolor meus ante me est semper.\) .
<R 37.17>
for +don unrehtwisniss mine ic for+dsegcga & +denco fore
scylde minre (\Quoniam iniquitatem meam ego
pronuntio et cogitabo pro peccato meo.\) .
<R 37.18>
feond so+dlice mine lifga+d & gestrongade sind ofer me &
gemonigfaldade sind +da +de fiedon mec unrehtlice (\Inimici 
autem mei uiuent et confortati sunt super me,
et multiplicati sunt qui oderunt me 
inique.\) .
<R 37.19>
+da geedleanedon me yfel fore godum hi teldon me for +don
esterfylgende ic eam rehtwinisse (\Qui retribuebant mihi mala 
pro bonis, detrahebant mihi quoniam
subsecutus sum iustitiam.\) .
<R 37.20>
ne forlet +du me dryhten god min ne gewit +du from me bihald
in fultum minne dryhten god halu minre
(\Ne derelinquas me domine deus meus, ne discesseris a me,
intende in adiutorium meum domine deus
salutis meae.\) .
<P 36>
[} (\IN FIN~. IDITHVN CANTICVM DAVID.\) }] 
<R 38.1>
ic cwe+d ic haldu wegas mine +det ic ne agylte in tungan
minre (\Dixi cvstodiam uias meas ut non delinquam in lingua 
mea.\) .
<R 38.2>
ic sette mu+de minum gehaeld +donne gestonde+d se synfulla
wi+d me (\Posui ori meo custodiam dum consistit peccator 
aduersus me.\) .
<R 38.3>
ic adumbade & geea+dmodad ic eam & ic swigade from godum &
sar min geedneowad is (\Obmutui et humiliatus sum et silui a 
bonis et dolor meus renouatus est.\) .
<R 38.4>
hatade heorte min binnan me & in smeange minre born fyr
(\Concaluit cor meum intra me et in meditatione mea exardescit 
ignis.\) .
<R 38.5>
spreocende ic eam in tungan minre cu+d me doa dryhten ende
minne & rim d+aga minra hwelc is +d+at ic 
wite hwet wone sie me (\Locutus sum in lingua mea notum mihi
fac domine finem meum et numerum dierum meorum quis est, ut 
sciam quid desit mihi.\) .
<R 38.6>
seh+de alde +du settes degas mine & spoede mine swe swe
nowiht biforan +de bi+d (\Ecce ueteres posuisti dies meos, et 
substantia mea tamquam nihil ante te est.\) .
<R 38.7>
ah hwe+dre al idelnis ylc mon lifgende +daeh +de in
onlicnisse godes gonge mon hwe+dre idellice bi+d gedroefed 
(\Uerumtamen uniuersa uanitas omnis homo uiuens
quanquam in imagine dei ambulet homo, tamen uane 
conturbabitur.\) .
<R 38.8>
goldhorda+d & nat hw+am gesomna+d +da & nu hwet is bad min ah
ne dryhten & sie spoed min biforan +de is (\Thesaurizat et 
ignorat cui congregat ea, et nunc quae est
expectatio mea nonne dominus, et substantia mea ante te 
est.\) .
<R 38.9>
from allum unrehtwisnissum minum genere mec edwit +d+am
unwisan +du saldes mec (\Ab omnibus iniquitatibus meis eripe 
me opprobrium insipienti dedisti me.\) .
<R 38.10>
ic adumbade & ne ontynde mu+d minne for +don +du dydest awend
frome witu +din from strengu so+dlice honda +dine ic asprong 
in +dreangum (\Obmutui et non aperui os
meum quoniam tu fecisti amoue a me plagas tuas a fortitudine 
enim manus tuae ego defeci in
increpationibus.\) .
<R 38.11>
fore unrehtwisnisse +du +dreades mon & aswindan +du des swe
gongeweafran sawle his (\Propter iniquitatem corripuisti 
hominem et tabescere fecisti sicut aranea
animam eius.\) .
<R 38.12>
ah hwe+dre all idelnis ylc mon lifgen (\Uerumtamen uniuersa
uanitas omnis homo uiuens. Diapsalma.\) .
<R 38.13>
geher god gebed min & boene mine mid earum onfoh tearas mine
ne swiga +du from me (\Exaudi deus orationem meam et 
deprecationem meam auribus percipe lacrimas
meas ne sileas a me.\) .
<R 38.14>
for +don londleod ic ic eam mid +de in eor+dan & el+deo+dig
swe swe alle fedras mine (\Quoniam incola 
ego sum apud te in terra, et peregrinus sicut omnes patres
mei.\) .
<R 38.15>
forleta+d me +d+at ic sie gecoeled +ar +don ic gewite & mee
ic ne biom (\Remitte mihi ut refrigerer priusquam abeam 
[^KUHN: ab, eam^] et amplius non ero.\) .
<P 37>
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 39.1>
bidende ic abad dryhten & gelocade mec & geherde boene mine &
utalaedde mec of sea+de erm+da & of lame derstan (\Exspectans 
expectaui dominum et respexit me et
exaudiuit deprecationem meam et eduxit me de lacu miseriae et 
de luto fecis.\) .
<R 39.2>
& sette ofer stan foet mine & gerec hte gongas mine & insende
in mu+d minne song niowne ymen gode 
urum (\Et statuit supra petram pedes meos, et direxit gressus
meos, et inmisit in os meum canticum
nouum hymnum deo nostro.\) .
<R 39.3>
gesio+d monge & ondreda+d & gehyhta+d in dryhten (\Uidebunt
multi et timebunt et sperabunt in domino.\) .
<R 39.4>
eadig wer +des is noma dryhten hyht his & ne geloca+d in
idelnisse & in woedenheortnisse lease (\Beatus uir cuius est 
nomen domini spes eius et non respexit in
uanitatem et in insanias falsas.\) .
<R 39.5>
feolu +du dydes +du dryhten god min wundur +din & ge+dohtum
+dinum nis hwelc gelic +de (\Multa fecisti 
tu domine deus meus mirabilia tua et cogitationibus tuis non
est quis similis tibi.\) .
<R 39.6>
ic segde & spreocende ic eam gemonigfaldade sind ofer rim
onsegdnisse & onsegdnisse naldes +du lichoman so+dlice +du 
gefremedes me (\Annuntiaui et locutus sum
multiplicati sunt super numerum, sacrificium et oblationem 
noluisti, corpus autem perfecisti mihi.\) .
<R 39.7>
onsegdnisse ec swelce fore scylde +du ne bede +da ic cwe+d
seh+de ic cumu (\Holocausta etiam pro delicto non postulasti 
tunc dixi ecce uenio.\) .
<R 39.8>
in heafde boec awriten is bi me +d+at ic doe willan +dinne
god min ic walde & ae +dine in midle heortan minre (\In capite 
libri scriptum est de me ut faciam
uoluntatem tuam deus meus uolui, et legem 
tuam in medio cordis mei.\) .
<R 39.9>
wel ic segde rehtwisnisse +dine in cirican micelre seh+de
weolure mine ic ne biwergu (\Bene nuntiaui iustitiam tuam in 
ecclesia magna, ecce labia mea non
prohibebo.\) .
<R 39.10>
dryhten +du oncneowe rehtwinisse +dine ic ne ahydde in
heortan minre so+dfestnisse +dine & haelu +dine
ic segde (\Domine tu cognouisti, iustitiam tuam non abscondi
in corde meo, ueritatem tuam et salutarem tuum dixi.\) .
<R 39.11>
ne hel ic mildheortnisse +dine & so+dfestnisse +dine from
gesomnunge micelre (\Non celaui misericordiam tuam et 
ueritatem tuam a synagoga multa.\) .
<R 39.12>
+du so+dlice dryhten nales feor doa +du mildheortnisse +dine
frome mildheortnis +din & so+dfestnis +din 
aa onfengun me (\Tu autem domine ne longe facias
misericordias tuas a me, misericordia tua et ueritas tua, 
semper susciperunt me.\) .
<R 39.13>
for +don ymbsaldon me yfel +deara ne wes rim bifengon me
unrehtwisnisse mine & ic me maehte +d+at ic 
gesege (\Quoniam circumdederunt me mala quorum non est
numerus conpraehenderunt me iniquitates meae et non potui ut 
uiderem.\) .
<R 39.14>
gemonigfaldade sind ofer loccas heasdes mines & heorte min
forleort me (\Multiplicati sunt super 
capillos capitis mei cor meum dereliquit me.\) .
<R 39.15>
gelica+d +de dryhten +d+at generge mec dryhten in fultum
minne geloca (\Conplaceat tibi domine ut eripias me, domine in 
auxilium meum respice.\) .
<R 39.16>
sien gescende & onscunien somud +da +de soeca+d sawle mine
+d+at hie afirren hie (\Confundantur et reuereantur simul qui 
quaerunt animam meam ut auferant eam.\) .
<R 39.17>
sien forcerred on bec & scomien +da 
<P 38>
+denca+d me yfel
(\Auertantur retrorsum, et erubescant
qui cogitant mihi mala.\) .
<R 39.18>
for+dberen sona scome his +da cweo+da+d me wel +de wel +de
(\Ferant confestim confusionem suam qui dicunt mihi 
euge euge.\) .
<R 39.19>
gefen & blissien +da soeca+d +dec dryhten & cweo+da+d aa sie
gemiclad dryhten +da lufia+d haelu +dine (\Exultent et 
laetentur qui quaerunt te domine et dicant semper
magnificetur dominus qui diligunt salutare tuum.\) .
<R 39.20>
ic so+dlice we+dla & +dearfa ic eam dryhten gemnisse hafa+d
min (\Ego uero egenus et pauper sum,
dominus curam habet mei.\) .
<R 39.21>
fultum min & gefrigend min wes +de dryhten ne leata +du
(\Adiutor meus et liberator meus es tu,
domine ne tardaueris.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 40.1>
eadig se ongite+d ofer we+dlan & +dearfan in dege yflum
gefrea+d hine dryhten (\Beatus qui intellegit
super egenum et pauperem in die mala liberabit eum
dominus.\) .
<R 40.2>
dryhten gehalde+d hine & gelifeste+d hine & eadigne 
gedoe+d hine & geclasna+d in eor+dan sawle his
& ne sele+d hine in hond feond his (\dominus conseruet
eum et uiuificet eum et beatum faciet eum et emundet
in terra animam eius et non tradat eum in manus inimici
eius.\)
<R 40.3>
dryhten weolan bire+d him ofer bed sares his alle strene 
his +du gecerdes in untrynisse his (\dominus opem ferat
illi super lectum doloris eius uniuersum stratum eius
uersasti in infirmitate eius.\) .
<R 40.4>
ic ic cwe+d dryhten mildsa min hael sawle mine for+don ic 
syngade +de
<R 40.5>
(\Ego dixi domine miserere mei sana animam meam quia peccaui
tibi.\) .
feond mine cwedon yfel me hwonne swilte+d & forweor+de+d noma
his (\Inimici mei dixerunt mala mihi quando morietur et periet 
nomen eius.\) .
<R 40.6>
& inneodan +d+at hie gesegen +da idlan spreocende wes heorte
heara gesomnadon unreht him (\Et ingrediebantur ut uiderent 
uana locutum est cor eorum congregauerunt
iniquitatem sibi.\) .
<R 40.7>
& uteodon ut & werun spreocende somud in anisse hyspton (\Et
egrediebantur foras et loquebantur simul
in unum susurrabunt.\) .
<R 40.8>
alle feond mine wi+d me me +dohton yfel me word unreht
onbudun wi+d me (\Omnes inimici mei aduersum 
me cogitabant mala mihi, uerbum iniquum mandauerunt aduersum
me.\) .
<R 40.9>
ah se hneapa+d to ne geece+d +t+at arise & so+dlice mon sibbe
minre in +d+am ic gehyhte se +de et hlafas 
mine gemonigfaldade wi+d me gescrencednisse (\Numquid qui
dormit non adiciet ut resurgat etenim homo
pacis meae in quo sperabam, qui edebat panes meos ampliauit
aduersum me supplantationem.\) .
<R 40.10>
+du so+dlice dryhten mildsa min & awece me & ic geedleaniu
him (\Tu autem domine miserere mei et resuscita me et 
retribuam illis.\) .
<R 40.11>
in +dissum ic oncneow +d+atte +du waldes mec for +don ne
gefi+d se feond min ofer me (\In hoc cognoui quoniam uoluisti 
me quia non gaudebit inimicus meus super
me.\) .
<R 40.12>
for +don unsce+dfulnisse so+dlice mine +du onfenge mec &
getrymedes mec in gesih+de +dinre in ecnisse 
(\Propter innocentiam autem meam suscepisti me et confirmasti
me in conspectu tuo in aeternum.\) .
<P 39>
<R 40.13>
gebledsad dryhten god from weorulde & o+d in weoruld sie sie
(\Benedictus dominus deus israhel, a saeculo et usque in 
saeculum fiat fiat.\) .
[} (\IN FINEM INTELLECTVS FILIIS CHORE.\) }] 
<R 41.1>
swe swe heorut gewilla+d to waellum wetra swe gewilla+d sawul
min to +de god (\Sicut ceruus desiderat ad fontes aquarum ita 
desiderat anima mea ad te deus.\) .
<R 41.2>
+dyrste+d sawul min to gode +d+am lifgendan hwonne ic cyme &
oteawe biforan onsien godes (\Sitiuit anima mea ad deum uiuum 
quando ueniam et parebo ante faciem
dei.\) .
<R 41.3>
werun me tearas mine hlafas deges & naehtes +donne bi+d
cweden to me deghw+amlice hwer is god +din (\Fuerunt mihi 
lacrimae meae panes die ac nocte dum dicitur mihi
cotidie ubi est deus tuus.\) .
<R 41.4>
+das gemyndig ic eam & ageat in me sawle mine for +don ic
inga in stowe geteldes wundurlic o+d godes
hus godes in stefne wynsumnisse & ondetnisse swoeg
symbliendes (\Haec recordatus sum et effudi in
me animam meam quoniam ingrediar in locum tabernaculi
ammirabilis usque ad domum dei in uoce exultationis et 
confessionis sonus aepulantis.\) .
<R 41.5>
for hwon unrot ear+du sawul min & for hon gedroefdes +du me
gehyht in gode for +don ic ondetto him haelu ondwlitan minis & 
god min (\Quare tristis es anima mea
et quare conturbas me, spera in deum quoniam confitebor illi, 
salutare uultus mei et deus meus.\) .
<R 41.6>
from me seolfum sawul min gedroefed is for +don gemyndig ic
biom +din +dryhten of eor+dan & from munte +d+am lytlan (\A me 
ipso anima mea turbata est, propterea
memor ero tui domine de terra iordanis et hermonis a monte 
modico.\) .
<R 41.7>
niolnis niolnisse gece+d in stefne +deotena +dinra all +da
hean +din & y+de +dine ofer mec leordun (\Abyssus abyssum 
inuocat in uoce cataractarum tuarum, omnia
excelsa tua et fluctus tui super me transierunt.\) .
<R 41.8>
in dege onbead dryhten mildheortnisse his & on naeht gebirhte
(\In die mandauit dominus misericordiam suam et nocte 
declarauit.\) .
<R 41.9>
mid mec gebe gode mines lifes ic cweo+du gode ondfenga min
+du ear+d (\Apud me oratio deo uitae meae
dicam deo susceptor meus es.\) .
<R 41.10>
for hwon mec ofergeotul ear+d & for hwon mec on weg adrife
+du & for hwon unrot ic ingaa +donne swence+d mec fiond 
(\Quare me oblitus es et quare me reppulisti
et quare tristis incedo dum affligit me
inimicus.\) .
<R 41.11>
+donne bio+d gebrocen all ban min edwiton mec +da swenca+d
mec +donne bi+d cweden to me +dorh syndrie d+agas hwer is god 
+din (\Dum confringuntur omnia ossa mea
exprobrauerunt me qui tribulant me, dum dicitur mihi per 
singulos dies ubi est deus tuus.\) .
<R 41.12>
for hwon unrot ear+du sawul him & for hwon gedroefes +du mec
gehyht in god for +don ic ondetto him haelu ondwleotan mines & 
god min (\Quare tristis es anima mea
et quare conturbas me, spera in deum quoniam confitebor illi 
salutare uultus mei et deus meus.\) .
<P 40>
[} (\PSALMVS DAVID.\) }] 
<R 42.1>
doem mec god & toscad intingan minne of +deode noht haligre
from men unrehtum & facnum genere me 
(\Ivdica me deus et discerne causam meam de gente non sancta
ab homine iniquo et doloso eripe me.\) .
<R 42.2>
for +don +du ear+d god min & strengu min for hwon me on weg
adrife +du & for hwon unrot ic inga +donne
swence+d mec se feond (\Quia tu es deus meus et fortitudo
mea quare me reppulisti, et quare tristis incedo dum adfligit 
me inimicus.\) .
<R 42.3>
onsend leht +din & so+dfestnisse +dine hie mec gelaedon &
togelaeddon in munte +d+am halgan +dinum & in
getelde +dinum (\Emitte lucem tuam et ueritatem tuam ipsa me
deduxerunt et adduxerunt in monte sancto tuo et in tabernaculo 
tuo.\) .
<R 42.4>
ic ingaa to wibede godes to gode se geblissa+d iugu+de mine
(\Introibo ad altare dei ad deum qui laetificat iuuentutem 
meam.\) .
<R 42.5>
ic ondetto +de in citran god god min for hwon unrot ear+du
sawul min & for hwon gedroefes me (\Confitebor tibi in cythara 
deus deus meus quare tristis es anima
mea et quare conturbas me.\) .
<R 42.6>
gehyht in god for +don ic ondettu him haelu ondwleotan mines
& god min (\Spera in deum quoniam confitebor illi salutare
uultus mei et deus meus.\) .



<B COBRUNAN>
<Q O2 XX XX BRUNANB>
<N BRUNANBURH>
<A X>
<C O2>
<O 850-950>
<M 850-950>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE BATTLE OF BRUNANBURH.
THE ANGLO-SAXON MINOR POEMS.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, VI.
ED. E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1942.
PP. 16.1 - 20.73^]

[^A10.1^]
<P 16>
[} [\THE BATTLE OF BRUNANBURH (937)\] }]
<R 1>
Her +a+telstan cyning, eorla dryhten, beorna beahgifa, and his
bro+tor eac, Eadmund +a+teling, ealdorlangne tir geslogon +at
s+acce sweorda ecgum  ymbe Brunanburh.
<R 5>
Bordweal clufan, heowan hea+tolinde hamora lafan, afaran
Eadweardes, swa him ge+a+tele w+as
<P 17>
from cneom+agum, +t+at hi +at campe oft wi+t la+tra
gehw+ane land ealgodon, hord and hamas.
<R 10>
Hettend crungun, Sceotta leoda and scipflotan f+age feollan,
feld d+annede secga [{swate{] , si+d+tan sunne
up on morgentid, m+are tungol, glad ofer grundas, godes
condel beorht, eces drihtnes, o+d sio +a+tele
gesceaft sah to setle.
<R 17>
+t+ar l+ag secg m+anig garum ageted, guma nor+terna ofer scild
scoten, swilce Scittisc eac, werig, wiges
s+ad.
<R 20>
Wesseaxe for+d ondlongne d+ag eorodcistum on last legdun
la+tum +teodum, heowan herefleman hindan +tearle mecum
mylenscearpan.
<R 24>
Myrce ne wyrndon heardes hondplegan h+ale+ta nanum [{+t+ara{]
[{+te{] mid Anlafe ofer +ara gebland on lides bosme land
gesohtun,
<P 18>
f+age to gefeohte.
<R 28>
Fife l+agun on +tam campstede cyningas giunge, sweordum
aswefede, swilce seofene eac eorlas Anlafes,
unrim heriges, flotan and Sceotta.
<R 32>
+t+ar geflemed wear+d Nor+dmanna bregu, nede gebeded, to lides
stefne litle weorode; cread cnear [{on{] flot, cyning ut gewat
on fealene flod, feorh generede.
<R 37>
Swilce +t+ar eac se froda mid fleame com on his cy+t+te nor+d,
Costontinus, har [{hilderinc{] , hreman ne +torfte m+aca
gemanan.
<R 40>
he w+as his m+aga sceard, freonda gefylled on folcstede,
beslagen +at s+acce, and his sunu forlet on w+alstowe wundun
[{forgrunden{] , giungne +at gu+de.
<R 44>
Gelpan ne +torfte beorn blandenfeax bilgeslehtes, eald
inwidda, ne Anlaf +ty ma.
<P 19>
<R 47>
mid heora herelafum hlehhan ne +torftun +t+at heo beaduweorca
beteran wurdun on campstede [{cumbolgehnastes{] , garmittinge,
gumena gemotes, w+apengewrixles, +t+as hi on w+alfelda wi+t
Eadweardes afaran plegodan.
<R 53>
Gewitan him +ta Nor+tmen n+agledcnearrum, dreorig dara+da laf,
on Dinges mere ofer deop w+ater Difelin secan,
eft [{Iraland{] , +awiscmode.
<R 57>
Swilce +ta gebro+ter begen +atsamne, cyning and +a+teling,
cy+t+te sohton, Wesseaxena land, wiges hremige.
<R 60>
Letan him behindan hr+aw bryttian saluwigpadan, +tone sweartan
hr+afn, hyrnednebban, and +tane hasewanpadan,
<P 20>
earn +aftan hwit, +ases brucan, gr+adigne gu+dhafoc and
+t+at gr+age deor, wulf on wealde.
<R 65>
Ne wear+d w+al mare ; on +tis eiglande +afre gieta folces
gefylled beforan +tissum sweordes ecgum, +t+as +te us
secga+d bec, ealde u+dwitan, si+t+tan eastan hider Engle
and Seaxe up becoman, ofer brad brimu Brytene sohtan,
wlance wigsmi+tas, [{Wealas{] ofercoman, eorlas
arhwate eard begeatan.



<B COLAW3>
<Q O3 STA LAW LAW11C>
<N LAW 11 CENT>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z STAT>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  LAWS (ELEVENTH CENTURY).
DIE GESETZE DER ANGELSACHSEN, VOL. I.
ED. F. LIEBERMANN.
HALLE: MAX NIEMEYER, 1903.
PP. 236.23 - 246.4  (V AETHELRED)                 
PP. 246.9  - 256.27 (VI AETHELRED)
PP. 278.10 - 296.5  (I CNUT)
PP. 308.1  - 326.12 (II CNUT)
PP. 380.1  - 385.5  (NORTHYMBRA PREOSTA LAGU)^]

[^B14.23^]
<P 236>
(\In nomine Domini, anno dominicae incarnationis MVIII\) .
+dis is seo ger+adnes, +te Engla cyng & +ag+der ge gehadode ge
l+awede witan gecuran and ger+addan.
<R 1>
+d+at is +tonne +arest, +t+at we ealle +anne God lufian &
weor+dian & +anne Cristendom georne healdan & +alcne 
h+a+dendom mid ealle aweorpan; & +t+at we habba+d ealle
+ag+ter ge mid worde ge mid wedde gef+astnod, +t+at 
we under anum cynedome +anne Cristendom healdan willa+d.
<R 1.1>
& ures hlafordes ger+adnes & his witena is, +t+at man rihte
laga up ar+are & +alce unlaga georne afylle, 
& +t+at man l+ate beon +aghwylcne man rihtes wyr+te, 
<P 238>
& +t+at man fri+d & freondscype rihtlice healde innan 
+tysan earde for Gode & for worolde.
<R 2>
& ures hlafordes ger+adnes & his witena is, +t+at man
Cristene menn & unforworhte of earde ne sylle, 
ne huru on h+a+tene leode, ac beorge man georne, +t+at man +ta
sawla ne forfare, +te Crist mid his agenum life gebohte.
<R 3>
& ures hlafordes ger+adnes & his witena is, +t+at man
Cristene men for ealles to lytlum to dea+de ne fordeme.
<R 3.1>
Ac elles ger+ade man fri+dlice steora folce to +tearfe & ne
forspille for lytlum Godes handgeweorc & 
his agenne ceap, +te he deore gebohte.
<R 4>
& ures hlafordes ger+adnes & his witena is, +t+at +alces
hades menn georne gebugan for Gode & for worolde, 
+alc to +tam rihte, +te him to gebyrige.
<R 4.1>
& huru+tinga Godes +teowas biscopas & abbudas, munecas &
mynecena, preostas & nunnan to rihte gebugan 
& regollice libban & for eall Cristen folc +tingian georne.
<R 5>
& ures hlafordes ger+adnes & his witena is, +t+at muneca
gehwylc, +te ute sy of mynstre & regoles ne gyme, 
do swa him +tearf is: gebuge georne into mynstre mid
eallum eadmettum & misd+ada geswice & bete 
swy+te georne +t+at he abrocen h+abbe; ge+dence word & wedd,
+te he Gode bet+ahte.
<R 6>
& se munuc, +te mynster n+abbe, cume scirebiscope & trywsie
hine sylfne wi+d God & wi+d men, & he huru
+treo +ting +tanan for+d healdan wille, +t+at is his
cl+annese & munuclice scrudware & +teowian his Drihtne, 
swa wel swa he betst m+age.
<R 6.1>
& gyf he +t+at gel+aste, +tonne bi+d he wyr+de, +t+at hine
man +te bet healde, wunige +t+ar he wunige.
<R 7>
& canonicas, +t+ar seo ar sy, +t+at hy beoddern & sl+apern
habban magan, healdan heora mynster mid rihte 
& mid cl+annesse, swa heora regol t+ace: o+d+don riht is,
+t+at +tolige +t+are are se +de +t+at nelle.
<R 8>
& ealle m+assepreostas we bidda+d & l+ara+d, +t+at hy beorgan
heom sylfum wi+d Godes yrre.
<R 9>
Fulgeorne hy witan, +t+at hy nagon mid rihte +turh
h+amed+ting wifes gemanan.
<P 240>
<R 9.1>
& se +de +t+as geswican wille & cl+annesse healdan, h+abbe he
Godes miltse, & +t+ar to eacan to woroldweor+dscype, 
+t+at he sy +tegenweres & +tegenrihtes wyr+de, ge on
life ge on legere.
<R 9.2>
& se +te +t+at nelle +t+at his hade gebyrige: wanige his
weor+dscype ge for Gode ge for worolde.
<R 10>
& +aghwylc Cristen man eac unriht h+amed georne forbuge &
godcunde laga rihtlice healde.
<R 10.1>
& sy +alc cyrice on Godes gri+de & on +d+as cynges & on
ealles Cristenes folces.
<R 10.2>
& +anig man heonan for+d cyrican ne +deowige, ne cyricmagunge
mid unriht ne macie, ne cyric+ten ne utige 
butan biscopes ge+tehte.
<R 11>
& gel+aste man Godes gerihta georne +aghwylce geare.
<R 11.1>
+d+at is sulh+almessan XV niht onufan eastran & geogo+de
teo+dunge be pentecosten & eor+dw+astma be ealra
halgena m+assan & Romfeoh be Petres m+assan & leohtgescot
+triwa on geare.
<R 12>
& saulsceat is rihtast, +t+at man symle gel+aste +at openum
gr+afe.
<R 12.1>
& gyf man +anig lic of rihtscriftscire elles hwar lecge,
gel+aste man saulsceat swa +teh into +tam mynstre, 
+te hit to hyrde.
<R 12.2>
& ealle Godes gerihta fyr+drige man georne, ealswa hit +tearf
is.
<R 12.3>
& freolsa & f+astena healde man rihtlice.
<R 13>
Sunnand+ages freols healde man georne, swa +t+arto gebyrige.
<R 13.1>
& cypinga & folcgemota on +dam halgan d+age geswice man
georne.
<R 14>
& sancte Marian freolstida ealle weor+die man georne +arest
mid f+astene & sy+d+dan mid freolse.
<R 14.1>
& to +aghwylces apostoles heahtide f+aste man & freolsige;
buton to Philippus & Iacobus freolse ne beode 
we nan f+asten for +tam eastorlican freolse.
<R 15>
Elles o+dre freolsa & f+astena healde man georne, swa swa +ta
heoldan +ta +de betst heoldan.
<R 16>
& sancte Eadwerdes m+assed+ag witan habba+d gecoren, +t+at
man freolsian sceal ofer eal Englaland on (\XV 
kalendas Aprilis\) .
<R 17>
& f+astan +alce Friged+ag, butan hit freols sy.
<P 242>
<R 18>
& ordal & a+das syndan tocwe+den freolsdagum &
rihtymbrendagum & fram Adventum Domini o+d octabas Epiphani+e
& fram Septuagessimam o+d XV niht ofer eastran.
<R 19>
& beo +dam halgum tidan, ealswa hit riht is, eallum Cristenum
mannum sib & som gem+ane, & +alc sacu getw+amed.
<R 20>
& gyf hwa o+drum scyle borh o+d+don bote +at woroldlican
+tingan, gel+aste hit georne +ar o+d+don +after.
<R 21>
& sy +alc wydewe, +te hy sylfe mid rihte gehealde, on Godes
gri+de & on +t+as cynges.
<R 21.1>
& sitte +alc XII mona+d werleas; ceose sy+d+dan +t+at heo
sylf wille.
<R 22>
& +aghwylc Cristen man do, swa him +tearf is: gyme his
Cristendomes georne & gewunige gelomlice to scrifte 
& unforwandodlice his synna gecy+de & geornlice bete,
swa swa him man t+ace.
<R 22.1>
& gearwige eac to huslgange oft & gelome gehwa hine sylfne,
& word & weorc fadige mid rihte & a+d
& wedd w+arlice healde.
<R 23>
& +aghwylc unriht aweorpe man georne of +tysan earde, +t+as
+te man gedon m+age.
<R 24>
& swicollice d+ada & la+dlice unlaga ascunige man swy+de,
+t+at is: false gewihta & woge gemeta & lease
gewitnessa & fracodlice ficunga, & egeslice manswara &
deoflice d+ada on mor+dweorcan & on manslihtan, 
on stalan & on strudungan, on gitsungan & on gifernessan,
on ofermettan & on oferfyllan, on swiccr+aftan 
& on mistlican lahbrycan, on hadbrycan & on
+awbrican & on m+aniges cynnes misd+adan.
<R 26>
Ac lufige man Godes riht heonan for+d georne wordes & d+ade;
+tonne wyr+d +tysse +teode sona God milde.
<R 26.1>
& beo man georne ymbe fri+des bote & ymbe feos bote +aghwar
on earde, & ymbe burhbota on +aghwylcan ende 
& ymbe fyrdunga eac, be +dam +te man ger+ade, aa +tonne 
neod sy.
<R 27>
& ymbe scipfyr+dunga, swa man geornost m+age, +t+at +aghwylc
geset sy sona ofer eastran +aghwylce geare.
<P 244>
<R 28>
& gyf hwa butan leafe of fyrde gewende, +te se cyning sylf on
sy, plihte him sylfum & ealre his are.
<R 28.1>
& se +te elles of fyrde gewende, beo se CXX scillinga
scyldig.
<R 29>
& gyf +anig amansumad man, butan hit fri+dbena sy, on +t+as
cynges neaweste ahwar gewunige, +ar +dam +te 
he h+abbe godcunde bote georne gebogene, +tonne plihte he him
sylfum & eallan his +ahtan.
<R 30>
& gyf hwa ymb cyninges feorh syrwe, sy he his feores scyldig;
& gif he ladian wille, do +t+at be +d+as
cynges wergylde o+d+de mid +tryfealdan ordale on Engla lage.
<R 31>
& gyf hwa forsteal o+d+don openne wi+tercwyde ongean lahriht
Christes o+d+de cyninges ahwar gewyrce, gylde 
swa wer swa wite swa lahslite, aa be +dam +te seo d+ad sy.
<R 31.1>
& gyf he ongean riht +turh +ahlyp geonbyrde & swa gewyrce,
+t+at hine man afylle, licge +agylde eallan his freondan.
<R 32>
& +afre alicgan heonan for+d +ta unlaga, +te +ar +tysan
w+aran to gewunelice wide.
<R 33>
& +aghwylce unlaga alecge man georne.
<R 33.1>
For+tam +turh +t+at hit sceal on earde godian to ahte, +te
man unriht alecge & rihtwisnesse lufie for Gode & for worolde.
<R 34>
Ealle we scylan +anne God lufian & weor+dian & +alcne
h+a+dendom mid ealle aweorpan.
<P 246>
<R 35>
& utan +anne cynehlaford holdlice healdan & lif & land samod
ealle werian, swa wel swa we betst magan, 
& God ealmihtigne inwerdre heortan fultumes biddan.

[^B14.24^]
<P 246>
Be witena ger+adnessan.
+tis syndan +ta ger+adnessa, +te Engla r+adgifan gecuran &
gecw+adan & geornlice l+ardan, +t+at man scolde healdan.
<R 1>
& +t+at is +tonne +arest +t+ara biscpa frumr+ad, +t+at we
ealle fram synnum georne gecyrran, +t+as +te we don magan, 
& ure misd+ada andettan georne & geornlice betan, &
+anne God rihtlice lufian & weor+dian & +anne 
Cristendom anr+adlice healdan & +alcne h+a+tendom georne
forbugan, & gebedr+adene ar+aran georne us betweonan, 
& sibbe & some lufian georne, & anum cynehlaforde
holdlice hyran & georne hine healdan mid rihtan getryw+dan.
<R 2>
& witena ger+adnes is, +t+at abbodas & abbodissan heora agen
lif rihtlice fadian & eac heora heorda wislice healdan.
<R 2.1>
& +t+at +alces hades men georne gebugan for Gode & for
worolde, +alc to +tam rihte +te him to gebyrige.
<R 2.2>
& huru+tinga Godes +teowas biscpas & abbodas, munecas &
mynecena, canonicas & nunnan to rihte gecyrran 
& regollice libban & for eall Cristen folc +tingian
georne.
<P 248>
<R 3>
& witena ger+adnes is, +t+at muneca gehwilc, +te ute of
mynstre sy, & regoles ne gyme, do swa him +tearf is.
gebuge georne into mynstre mid eallum ea+dmettum & misd+ada
geswice & bete swy+te georne +t+at he abrocen 
h+abbe; ge+tence word & wedd, +te he Gode bet+ahte.
<R 3.1>
& se munuc, +te mynster n+abbe, cume to scirebisceope &
trywsige hine sylfne wi+d God & wi+d men, +t+at he
huru +treo +ting +tanon for+d healdan wille, +t+at is: his
cl+annesse & munuclice scrudware & +teowian his
Drihtne, swa wel swa he betst m+age.
<R 3.2>
& gif he +t+at gel+aste, +tonne bi+d he weor+de, +t+at hine
man +te bet healde, wunige +t+ar he wunige.
<R 4>
& canonicas, +t+ar seo ar sy, +t+at hy beodern & sl+apern
habban magan, healdan heora mynster mid cl+annesse, 
swa heora regol t+ace; o+t+ton riht is, +t+at +tolige
+t+are are se +te +t+at nelle.
<R 5>
& ealle Godes +teowas, & huru+tinga sacerdas, we bidda+d &
l+ara+d, +t+at hy Gode hyran & cl+annesse lufian 
& beorhgan him sylfum wi+d Godes yrre.
<R 5.1>
Fulgeorne hi witan, +t+at hy nagon mid rihte +turh +anig
h+amed+ting wifes gemanan.
<R 5.2>
Ac hit is +te wyrse, +te sume habba+d twa o+d+de ma, & sum,
+teh he forl+ate +ta he +ar h+afde, he be lifiendre 
+t+are eft o+tere nim+d, swa +anigan Cristenan m+an ne
gedafena+d to donne.
<R 5.3>
& se +de +t+as geswican wille & cl+annesse healdan, h+abbe he
Godes miltse, & +t+ar to eacan to woroldweor+dscipe, 
+t+at he sy +tegenweres & +tegenrihtes wyr+te ge on
life ge on legere.
<R 5.4>
& se +te +t+at nelle, +t+at his hade gebyrige, wanige his
weor+dscipe +ag+der ge for Gode ge for worolde.
<R 6>
& la gyt we willa+d biddan freonda gehwylcne & eal folc eac
l+aran georne, +t+at hy inwerdre heortan +anne 
God lufian & +alcne h+a+tendom georne ascunian.
<R 7>
& gif wiccan o+d+de wigeleras, scincr+aftcan o+d+de
horcwenan, mor+dwyrhtan o+d+de mansworan ahwar on earde 
wur+dan agytene, fyse hy man georne ut of +tysan earde &
[{cl+ansige{] +tas +teode, o+t+te on earde forfare
hy mid ealle, butan hy geswican & +te deoppor gebetan.
<P 250>
<R 8>
& witena ger+adnes is, +t+at man rihte laga up ar+are for
Gode & for worolde & +aghwilce unlaga georne afylle, 
& +t+at man heonan for+d l+ate manna gehwylcne, ge
earmne ge eadigne, folcrihtes wyr+de, & +t+at
man fri+d & freondscipe rihtlice healde innan +tysan earde
for Gode & for worolde.
<R 9>
& witena ger+adnes is, +t+at man Christene men & unforworhte
of earde ne sylle, ne huru on h+a+tene +teode; 
ac beorge man georne, +t+at man +ta sawla ne forfare, +te
Crist mid his agenum life gebohte.
<R 10>
& witena ger+adnes is, +t+at man Christene men for ealles to
lytlan to dea+de ne forr+ade.
<R 10.1>
Ac elles ger+ade man fri+dlice steora, folce to +tearfe, & ne
forspille for lytlum Godes agen handgeweorc 
& his agenne ceap, +te he deore gebohte.
<R 10.2>
Ac +aghwilce d+ade toscade man w+arlice & dom +after d+ade
medemige be m+a+te, swa for Gode sy gebeorhlic
& for worolde aberendlic.
<R 10.3>
& ge+tence swy+te georne se +te o+trum deme, hw+as he sylf
gyrne, +tonne he +tus cwe+de: (\Et dimitte nobis
debita nostra et reliqua\) .
<R 11>
& we l+ara+d swy+te geornlice, +t+at +aghwilc Christen man
unriht h+amed georne forbuge & Christene lage rihtlice healde.
<R 12>
& +afre ne geweor+de, +t+at Christen man gewifige in VI manna
sibf+ace on his agenum cynne, +t+at is binnan 
+tam feor+tan cneowe, ne on +t+as lafe, +te swa neah w+are
on woroldcundre sibbe, ne on +t+as wifes nydmagan, 
+te he +ar h+afde.
<R 12.1>
Ne on gehalgodre +anigre nunnan, ne on his gef+aderan, ne on
+al+atan +anig Cristen man ne gewifige +afre.
<R 12.2>
ne na ma wifa +tonne an h+abbe; ac beo be +t+are anre, +ta
hwile +te heo libbe, se +te wille Godes lage 
gyman mid rihte & wi+t hellebryne beorgan his sawle.
<R 13>
& sy +alc cyrice on Godes gri+te & on +t+as cynges & on
ealles Cristenes folces.
<R 14>
& sy +alc cyricgri+d binnan wagum & cyninges handgri+d efen
unwemme.
<R 15>
& +anig man heonan for+d cyrican ne +towige, ne cyricmangunge
mid unrihte ne macige, ne cyric+ten ne 
utige butan biscopes ge+tehte.
<P 252>
<R 16>
& gel+aste man Godes gerihta +aghwilce geare rihtlice georne,
+t+at is sulh+almessan huru XV niht ofer eastron 
<R 17>
& geogo+de teo+tunge be pentecosten & eor+dw+astma be
ealra halgena m+assan 
<R 18>
& Romfeoh be Petres m+assan & cyricsceat to Martinus m+assan 
<R 19>
& leohtgescot +triwa on geare 
<R 20>
& saulsceat is rihtast, +t+at man symble gel+aste aa 
+at openum gr+afe.
<R 21>
& gif man +anig lic of rihtscire elles hwar lecge, gel+aste
man +tone saulsceat swa +teh into +tam mynstre, 
+te hit to hyrde.
<R 21.1>
& ealle Godes gerihta fyr+trige man georne, ealswa hit +tearf
is.
<R 22>
& freolsa & f+astena healde man rihtlice.
<R 22.1>
Sunnand+ages freols healde man georne, swa +t+arto gebyrige;
& cypinga & folcgemota & hunta+dfara & woroldlicra 
weorca on +tam halgan d+age geswice man georne.
<R 22.2>
& sancta Marian heahfreolstida ealle weor+dige man georne,
+arest mid f+astene & sy+t+tan mid freolse.
<R 22.3>
& to +aghwilces apostoles heahtide f+aste man georne, butan
to Philippus & Iacobus freolse ne beode 
we nan f+asten for +tam easterlican freolse, butan hwa wille.
elles o+tre freolsa & f+astena healde man georne, swa swa +ta
heoldan +ta +te betst heoldan, 
<R 23>
& ymbren & f+astena, swa swa sanctus Gregorius Angelcynne 
sylf hit gedihte.
<R 24>
& f+aste man +alce Friged+age, butan hit freols sy.
<R 25>
& ordal & a+tas & wifunga +afre syndan tocwedene
[{heahfreolsdagum{] & rihtymbrenum & fram (\Aduentum Domini\)
o+d (\octabas Epiphanige\) & fram Septuagessima o+d XV niht
ofer eastran.
<R 25.1>
& beo +tam halgan tidan, ealswa hit [{riht{] is, eallum
Cristenum mannum sibb & som gem+ane, & +alc sacu
totw+amed.
<P 254>
<R 25.2>
& gif hwa o+drum scyle borh o+d+de bote +at woroldlican
+tingan, gel+aste hit him georne +ar o+d+don +after.
<R 26>
& sy +alc wydewe, +te hy sylfe mid rihte gehealde, on Godes
gri+de & on +t+as cynges.
<R 26.1>
& sitte +alc XII mona+d werleas; ceose sy+t+tan +t+at heo
sylf wille.
<R 27>
& +aghwilc Christen man do, swa him +tearf is: gyme his
Christendomes georne & gewunige gelomlice to
scrifte & unforwandodlice his synna gecy+de & geornlice bete,
swa swa him man t+ace.
<R 27.1>
& gearwige eac to huslgange huru +triwa on geare gehwa hine
sylfne, +te his agene +tearfe wille understandan, 
swa swa him +tearf is.
<R 28>
& word & weorc freonda gehwilc fadige mid rihte & a+d & wedd
w+arlice healde.
<R 28.1>
& +aghwilc unriht aweorpe man georne of +tysan earde, +t+as
+te man don m+age.
<R 28.2>
& swicollice d+ada & la+dlice unlaga ascunige man swy+de,
+t+at is false gewihta & woge gemeta & lease 
gewitnessa & fracodlice ficunga & fule forligra & egeslice
manswara & deoflice d+ada on mor+dweorcum
& on manslihtan, on stalan & on strudungan, on gitsungan & on
gifernessan, on ofermettan & on oferfyllan, 
on swiccr+aftan & on mistlican lahbrican, on +awbrican
& on hadbrican, on freolsbricon & on f+astenbricon, 
on cyricrenan & on m+aniges cynnes misd+adan.
<R 29>
& la understande man georne, +t+at eal swylc is to leanne &
n+afre to lufianne.
<R 30>
Ac lufige man Godes riht heonan for+t georne wordes &
weorces; +tonne wyr+d +tysse +teode sona God milde.
<R 31>
Wutan eac ealle ymbe fri+tes bote & ymbe feos bote smeagean
swy+de georne: 
<R 32>
swa ymbe fri+tes bote, swa 
+tam bondan sy selost & +tam +teofan sy la+tost, 
<R 32.1>
& swa ymbe feos bote, +t+at an mynet gange ofer ealles 
+tas +teode butan +alcon false.
<R 32.2>
& gemeta & gewihta rihte man georne, & +alces unrihtes heonan
for+d geswice.
<R 32.3>
& burhbota & bricbota aginne man georne on +aghwilcon ende, &
fyrdunga eac & scipfyrdunga ealswa, a
+tonne neod sy, swa swa man ger+ade for gem+anelicre neode.
<R 33>
& w+arlic bi+d, +t+at man +aghwilce geare sona +after eastron
fyrdscipa gearwige.
<R 34>
& gyf hwa folces fyrdscip awyrde, gebete +t+at georne, &
cyninge +ta munde; & gif hit man amyrre, +t+at
hit +anote weor+de, forgylde hit fullice, & cyninge +tone
mundbrice.
<P 256>
<R 35>
& gif hwa of fyrde butan leafe gewende, +te cyning [{sylf{]
[{on{] sy, plihte his are.
<R 36>
& gif mor+dwyrhtan o+d+de mansworan o+d+de +ab+are manslagan
to +tam ge+tristian, +t+at hy on +t+as cyninges neaweste 
gewunian, +ar +tam +te hy habban bote agunnen for Gode
& for worolde, +tonne plihton hy heora are 
& eallon heora +ahtan, butan hit fri+dbenan syndan.
<R 37>
& gyf hwa ymbe cyninges feorh syrwe, sy he his feores scyldig
& ealles +t+as +te he age, gif hit him 
ongeso+tod weor+de; & gif he hine ladian wille & mage, do
+t+at be +tam deopestan a+de o+t+te mid +tryfealdan 
ordale on +angla lage, & on Dena lage be +tam +te heora lagu
sy.
<R 38>
& gif hwa forsteal ongean lahriht Cristes o+t+te cyninges
ahwar gewyrce, gylde wer o+t+te wite be +tam 
+te seo d+ad sy; & gif he geonbyrde & sylf gewyrce, +t+at hine
man afylle, licge +agylde.
<R 39>
& gif hwa nunnan gewemme o+t+te wydewan nydn+ame, gebete
+t+at deope for Gode & for worolde.
<R 40>
& smeage man symle on +aghwilce wisan, hu man fyrmest m+age
r+ad aredian, +teode to +tearfe, & rihtne Christendom 
swy+tost ar+aran & +aghwilce unlaga geornost afyllan.
<R 40.1>
For+tam +turh +t+at hit sceal on earde godian to ahte, +te
man unriht alecge & rihtwisnesse lufige for Gode & for worolde.

[^B14.30.1^]
<P 278>
+dis is seo ger+adnys, +te Cnut ciningc, ealles Englalandes
ciningc & Dena cining mid his witena ge+teahte 
ger+adde, Gode to lofe & him sylfum to cynescipe & to
+tearfe; & +t+at w+as on +d+are halgan midewintres 
tide on Winceastre.
<R 1>
+d+at is +tonne +arest, +t+at hi ofer ealle o+tre +tingc
+anne God +afre woldan lufian & wur+dian & +anne Cristendom 
anr+adlice healdan, and Cnut cingc lufian mid rihtan
getryw+tan.
<P 280>
<R 2>
And Godes cyrican gri+dian & fri+dian & gelomlice secean
saulum to h+ale & us sylfum to +tearfe.
<R 2.1>
+alc cyrice is mid rihte on Cristes agenan gri+de; & +alc
Cristen man ah mycele +tearfe, +t+at he on +tam
gri+de mycele m+a+de wite; for+dam Godes gri+d is ealra
gri+da selost to geearnigenne & geornost to healdenne, 
& +t+ar nehst cininges.
<R 2.2>
+tonne is swi+de rihtlic, +t+at Godes ciricgri+d binnon wagum
& Cristenes ciningces handgri+d stande +afre 
unwemme; & se +de a+dor fulbrece, +tolige landes & lifes,
butan se ciningc gearian wylle.
<R 2.3>
And gyf +afre +anig mann heonon for+d Godes cyricgri+d swa
abrece, +t+at he binnon ciricwagum mannslaga 
weor+de, +tonne sig +t+at botleas, & ehte his +alc +t+ara +te
Godes freond sig, butan +t+at geweor+de, +t+at he 
+tanon +atberste & swa deope fri+dsocne gesece, +t+at se
cyningc him +turh +d+at feores geunne, wi+t fulre bote 
ge wi+d God ge wi+d menn.
<R 2.4>
And +t+at is +tonne +arest, +t+at he his agenne wer Criste &
+tam cyningce gesylle, & mid +tam hine sylfne
inlagie to bote.
<P 282>
<R 2.5>
& gif hit +tonne to bote gega, & se cyningc +t+at ge+tafige,
+tonne bete man +t+at cyricgri+d into +t+are cyricean 
be ciningces fullan mundbryce, & +ta
[{mynstercl+ansunge{] begyte, swa +t+arto gebyrige, & +ag+ter
m+agbote ge manbote fullice gebete, & wi+d God huru +tingie
georne.
<R 3>
And gyf elles be cwicum mannum ciricgri+d abrocen sy, bete
man georne be +tam +te seo d+ad sy, sy hit 
+turh feohtlac, si hit +turh reaflac, sig +turh +t+at +te
[{hit{] sy.
Bete man +arest +tone gri+dbryce into +t+are cyrican, be +tam
+te seo d+ad sy & be +tam +te +d+are cyricean m+a+d sy.
<R 3.1>
Ne synd ealle cyricean na gelicre m+a+de woruldlice
wur+dscipes wyr+de, +teah hig godcundlice habban halsunge 
gelice.
<R 3.2>
Heafodmynstres gri+dbryce is +at botwyr+tum +tingum be
cingces munde, +t+at is mid V pundum on Engla lage 
& on Centlande +at +tam mundbryce V pund +tam cingce & +treo
+tam arcebiscope, & medemran mynstres mid
CXX scillingum, +t+at is be cingces wite, & +tonne gyt
l+assan, +t+ar lytel +teowdom sig, & legerstow +teah 
sig, mid LX scillingum, and feldcyricean, +t+ar legerstow ne
sig, mid XXX scyllingum.
<P 284>
<R 4>
Eallum Cristenum mannum gebyra+d swi+de rihte, +t+at hig
haligdom & hadas & gehalgode Godes hus +afre swi+te 
georne gri+dian & fri+dian, & +t+at hi hada gehwylcne
weor+dian be m+a+de.
<R 4.1>
For+tam, understande se +de cunne, mycel is & m+are +t+at
sacerd ah to donne folce to +tearfe, gif he his 
Drihtne gecweme+d mid rihte.
<R 4.2>
Mycel is seo halsung & m+are is seo halgung, +te deofla
afyrsa+d & on fleame gebringe+d, swa oft swa man 
fulla+d o+d+de husel halga+d; & halige englas +t+ar abutan
hwearfia+d & +ta d+ada beweardia+d & +turh Godes
mihta +tam sacerdon fylsta+d, swa oft swa hig Criste +denia+d
mid rihte.
<R 4.3>
& swa hi do+d symle, swa oft swa hig geornlice inweardre
heortan clypia+d to Criste & for folces neode 
+tingia+d georne; & +ti man sceal for Godes ege m+a+de on
hade gecnawan mid gesceade.
<R 5>
And gyf hit geweor+de, +t+at man mid tyhtlan & mid uncr+aftum
sacerd belecge, +te regollice libbe, & he
hine sylfne wite +t+as cl+anne, m+assige, gyf he durre, &
ladige on +tam husle he ana hine sylfne, +at anfealdre 
sp+ace.
& +at +tryfealdre sp+ace ladige he, gyf he durre, eac on +tam
husle mid twam his gehadan.
<P 286>
<R 5.1>
Gif man deacon tihtlige, +te regollice libbe, anfealdre
sp+ace, nime twegen his gehadan & ladige hine mid +tam.
& gyf man hine tihtlige +tryfealdre sp+ace, nime VI his
gehadan & ladige hine mid +dam & beo he sylf seofe+ta.
<R 5.2>
Gif man folciscne m+assepreost mid tihtlan belecge, +de
regollif n+abbe, ladige hine swa diacon +te regollife libbe.
And gyf man freondleasne weofod+ten mid tihtlan belecge, +te
a+dfultum n+abbe, ga to corsn+ade & +t+ar +tonne 
+at gefare +t+at +t+at God wylle, buton he on husle
geladian mote.
And gyf man gehadodne mid f+ah+te belecge & secge, +t+at he
w+are d+adbana o+d+de r+adbana, ladige mid his magum, 
+te f+ah+de moton mid beran o+d+de forebetan.
& gyf he sig m+agleas, ladige mid geferan o+d+de on f+asten
fo, gif he +t+at +turfe, & ga to corsn+ade & +t+ar+at 
gefare, swa swa God r+ade.
And na +tearf +anig mynstermunuc ahw+ar mid rihte f+ah+dbote
biddan ne f+ah+tbote betan: he g+a+d of his m+ag+dlage, 
+tonne he gebyh+d to regollage.
<R 5.3>
And gyf m+assepreost +afre ahw+ar stande on leasre gewitnesse
<P 288>
o+d+de on m+anan a+de o+d+de +teofa gewita o+d+de 
gewyrhta beo, +tonne sy he aworpen of gehadodra gemanan &
+tolige +ag+ter ge geferscipes ge freondscipes 
ge +aghwylces weor+dscipes, butan he wi+d God & wi+d menn
+te deoplicor gebete, swa bisceop him t+ace, 
& him borh finde, +t+at he +tanon for+d +afre swylces
geswice.
<R 5.4>
& gyf he ladian wylle, geladige +tonne be d+ade m+a+de, swa
mid +tryfealdre swa mid anfealdre lade, be 
+dam +te seo d+ad sy.
<R 6>
And we wylla+d, +t+at +alces hades menn georne gebugan, +alc
to +tam rihte +te him to gebyrige.
& huru+tinga Godes +teowas bisceopas & abbodas, munecas &
mynecena, canonicas & nunnan to rihte gebugan 
& regollice libban & d+ages & nihtes oft & gelome clypian
to Criste & for eall Cristen folc +tingian georne.
<R 6.1>
& ealle Godes +teowas we bidda+d & l+ara+d & huru+tinga
sacerdas, +t+at hi Gode hyran & cl+annesse lufian 
& beorgan heom sylfum wi+d Godes yrre & wi+d +done weallendan
bryne, +te wealla+d on helle.
<R 6.2>
Fullgeorne hig witan, +t+at hig nagon mid rihte +turh
h+amed+tingc wifes gemanan.
<P 290>
& se +de +t+as geswican wille & cl+annesse healdan, h+abbe he
Godes miltse & to woruldwur+dscipe si he +tegenlage wyr+de.
<R 6.3>
And +aghwylc Cristen mann eac for his Drihtenes ege
unrihth+amed georne forbuge & godcunde lage rihtlice healde.
<R 7>
And we l+ara+d & bidda+d & on Godes naman beoda+d, +t+at
+anig Cristen mann binnon VI manna sibf+ace on his 
agenum cynne +afre ne gewifie, ne on his m+ages lafe, +te
swa neahsib w+are, ne on +t+as wifes nedmagon, 
+te he sylf +ar h+afde.
<R 7.1>
ne on his gef+aderan, ne on gehalgodre nunnan, ne on
+al+atan +anig Cristen mann +afre ne gewifige.
<R 7.2>
ne +anige forligru ahwar ne begange.
<R 7.3>
ne na ma wifa +tonne an h+abbe, & +t+at beo his beweddode
wif, & beo be +t+are anre, +ta hwile +te heo libbe 
+tus scyldon +afre ge, se +de wyle Godes lage giman mid
rihte & wi+d hellebryne beorhgan his sawle.
<R 8>
And gel+aste mann Godes gerihta +aghwylce geare rihtlice
georne.
<R 8.1>
+t+at is sulh+almesse XV niht ofer Eastran & geogu+te
teo+dunge 
<P 292>
be Pentecosten & eor+dw+astma be Ealra halgena 
m+assan.
<R 8.2>
& gyf hwa +tonne +ta teo+tunge gel+astan nelle, swa we
gecweden habba+d, +t+at is se teo+da +acer, ealswa seo 
sulh hit gega, +tonne fare +t+as cingces gerefa to & +t+as
bisceopes & +t+as landrican & +t+as mynstres m+assepreost, 
& nime un+tances +done teo+dan d+al to +tam
mynstre, +te hit to gebyrige.
& t+acan him to +tam nigo+dan d+ale, & tod+ale mann +ta eahta
d+alas on twa, & fo se landhlaford to healfum, 
to healfum se bisceop, si hit ciningces mann, se hit
+tegnes.
<R 9>
And Romfeoh be Petres m+assan; & se +de ofer +t+ane d+ag
hit healde, agyfe +tam bisceope +t+ane penig &
+t+arto XXX & +tam cingce CXX scyllinga.
<R 10>
And cyricsceat to Martines m+assan. & se +de hine ofer
+t+ane d+ag healde, agyfe hine +tam bisceope
& forgylde hine XI si+dan & +dam cingce CXX scyllinga.
<P 294>
<R 11>
Gyf hwa +tonne +tegna sig, +te on his boclande cyrican
h+abbe, +te legerstow on sig, gesylle +tone +triddan 
d+al his agenre teo+tunge into his cyrican.
<R 11.1>
And gyf hwa cyricean h+abbe, +te legerstow on ne sig, do he
of +dam nigon d+alum his preoste +t+at +t+at he wylle.
<R 11.2>
& ga +alc cyricsceat into +tam ealdan mynstre be +alcon
frigan heor+de.
<R 12>
And leohtgesceot +triwa on geare: +arest on Easter+afen
healfpenigwur+d wexes +at +alcere hide & eft on 
Ealra halgena m+assan ealswa mycel & eft to +t+am sanctan
Marian cl+ansunge ealswa.
<R 13>
And sawlsceat is rihtast, +t+at man symle gel+aste a +at
openum gr+afe.
<R 13.1>
And gyf man +anig lic of rihtscriftscire elles hw+ar lecge,
gel+aste man +tone sawlsceat swa +teah into
+tam mynstre, +te hit to hyrde.
<R 14>
And ealle Godes gerihta fyr+drige man georne, ealswa hit
+tearf is.
<R 14.1>
And freolsa & f+astena healde mon rihtlice.
<R 14.2>
& healde man +alces Sunnand+ages freolsunge fram
S+aternesd+ages none o+d Monand+ages lihtingce & +alcne 
o+derne m+assed+ag, swa he beboden beo.
<R 15>
& Sunnandaga cypingce we forbeoda+d eac eornostlice & +alc
folcgemot, 
<P 296>
butan hit for micelre neod+tearfe sig.
<R 15.1>
& hunta+dfara & ealra woruldlicra weorca on +tam halgan d+age
geswic+a man georne.

[^B14.30.2^]
<P 308>
<R 1>
+tis is seo woruldcunde ger+adnes, +te ic wylle mid minan
witenan r+ade, +t+at man healde ofer eall Englaland.
+d+at is +tonne +arest, +t+at ic wylle, +t+at man rihte laga
upp ar+are & +aghwylce unlaga georne afylle, & +t+at 
man aweodige & awyrtwalige +aghwylce unriht, swa man
geornost m+age, of +tysum earde, & ar+are up Godes riht.
<R 1.1>
& heonon for+d l+ate manna gehwylcne, ge earmne ge eadigne,
folcrihtes weor+dne, and him man rihte domas deme.
<R 2>
And we l+ara+d, +t+at, +teah hwa agylte & hine sylfne deope
forwyrce, +tonne gefadige man steore, swa hit 
for Gode sy gebeorhlic & for worulde aberendlic.
& ge+tence swy+te georne se +de domes geweald age, hw+as he
sylf gyrne, +tonne he +tus cwe+de: (\Et dimitte
nobis debita nostra, sicut et nos dimittimus\) ; +t+at is on
Englisc: & forgyf us, Drihten, ure gyltas, 
swa we forgyfa+d +tam +de wi+d us agylta+d.
<R 2.1>
And we beoda+d, +t+at man Cristene men for ealles to lytlum
huru to dea+te ne forr+ade; 
<P 310>
ac elles ger+ade
man fri+dlice steora folce to +tearfe & ne forspille for
lytlum Godes handgeweorc & his agenne ceap,
+te he deore gebohte.
<R 3>
And we beoda+d, +t+at man Cristene men ealles to swi+de of
earde ne sylle ne on h+a+dendome huru ne gebringe; 
ac beorge man georne, +t+at man +ta saule ne forfare,
+te Crist mid his agenum life gebohte.
<R 4>
And we beoda+d, +t+at man eard georne cl+ansian aginne on
+aghwylcan ende & manfulra d+ada +aghw+ar geswice.
And gif wiccean o+d+de wigleras, mor+dwyrhtan o+d+de horcwenan
ahw+ar on lande wur+dan agitene, fyse hig man 
georne ut of +tysum earde, o+d+don on earde forfaran hig
mid ealle, butan hig geswican & +te deoppar gebetan.
<R 4.1>
And we beoda+d, +t+at wi+dersacan & utlagan Godes & manna of
eard+a gewitan, butan hig gebugan & +te geornor gebetan.
<P 312>
<R 4.2>
And +teofas & +teodscea+dan to timan forweor+dan, butan hig
geswican.
<R 5>
And [{we{] forbeoda+d eornostlice +alcne h+a+denscipe.
<R 5.1>
H+a+denscipe by+d, +t+at man deofolgyld weor+dige, +t+at is
+t+at man weor+tige h+a+dene godas & sunnan o+d+de monan, 
fyr o+d+de flod, w+aterwyllas o+d+de stanas o+d+de
+aniges cynnes wudutreowa, o+d+don wiccecr+aft lufige 
o+d+don mor+dweorc gefremme on +anige wisan, o+d+don on blote
o+d+don fyrhte, o+d+don swylcra gedwimera +anig +tingc dreoge.
<R 6>
Manslagan & manswaran, hadbrecan & +awbrecan gebugan &
gebetan, o+d+de of cy+d+de mid synnan gewitan.
<R 7>
Licceteras & leogeras, ryperas & reaferas Godes graman
habban, butan hig geswican & +te deoppar gebetan.
<R 7.1>
& se +de eard wylle rihtlice cl+ansian & unriht alecgan &
rihtwisnesse lufian, +tonne mot he georne +tyllices 
styran & +tyllic ascunian.
<P 314>
<R 7.8>
Uton eac ealle ymbe fri+des bote & feos bote smeagan swy+de
[{georne{] : swa embe fri+des bote, swa +dam bondan 
si selost & +tam +teofan si la+tast; and swa embe feos
bote, +t+at an mynet gange ofer ealle +tas +teode 
butan +alcan false; & +t+at nan man ne forsace.
<R 8.1>
And se +de ofer +tis fals wyrce, +tolige +t+ara handa, +te he
+t+at fals mid worhte; & he hi mid nanon +tingon 
ne gebicge, ne mid golde ne mid seolfre.
<R 8.2>
And gyf man +tonne +t+ane gerefan teo, +t+at he be his leafe
+t+at fals worhte, ladige hine mid +tryfealdre 
lade; & gyf seo lad +tonne berste, h+abbe +tone ylcan dom,
+te se +te +t+at fals worhte.
<R 9>
And gemeta & gewihta rihte man georne & +alces unrihtes
heonon for+d geswice.
<R 10>
& burhbota & bricbota & scipfor+dunga aginne man georne, &
fyrdunga eac swa, a +t+anne +tearf si for gem+anelicre neode.
<P 316>
<R 11>
And smeage man symle on +aghwylce wisan, hu man fyrmest m+age
r+ad aredian +teode to +tearfe & rihtne Cristendom 
swy+dost ar+aran & +aghwylce unlage geornost
afyllan.
<R 11.1>
For+dam +turh +t+at hit sceal on earde godian to ahte, +t+at
man unriht alecge & rihtwisnesse lufige for
Gode & for worulde. Amen.
<R 12>
+dis syndon +ta gerihta, +te se cingc ah ofer ealle men on
Wessexan: +t+at is mundbryce & hamsocne, forsteal 
& flymena fyrm+de & fyrdwite, butan he hw+ane +de
fur+dor gem+a+drian wylle & he him +d+as weor+dscipes geunne.
<R 13>
& se +de utlages weorc gewyrce, wealde se cingc +t+as fri+tes.
<R 13.1>
And gyf he bocland h+abbe, +t+at sy forworht +tam cingce to
handa, si +d+as mannes man, +te he sig.
<R 13.2>
And lochwa +tone flyman fede o+d+de feormie, gylde V pund
+tam cingce, butan he hine geladige, +t+at he 
hine fleame nyste.
<P 318>
<R 14>
And on Myrcean he ah, eallswa her beforan awriten is, ofer
eall men.
<R 15>
And on D+ana lage he ah fihtewita & fyrdwita, gry+dbryce &
hamsocne, butan he hw+ane +de fur+dur gem+a+drian wylle.
And gyf hwa +t+ane fri+dleasan man healde o+d+de flyman
feormie, bete +t+at, swa hit +ar lagu w+as.
<R 15.1>
And se +de unlage r+are o+d+de undom gedeme heonon for+d, for
l+a+d+de o+d+de for feohfange, beo se wi+d +tone
cingc CXX scyllinga scyldig on Engla lage, butan he mid a+de
cy+dan durre, +t+at he hit na rihtor ne cu+te, 
& +tolige aa his +tegnscipes, butan he hine +at +tam
cingce eft gebicge, swa he him ge+tafian wylle.
And on Dena lage lahslites scyldig, butan he geladige, +t+at
he na bet ne cu+de.
<P 320>
<R 15.2>
And se +de rihte lage & rihtne dom forsace, beo se scyldig
wi+d +tone +te hit age: swa wi+d cyningc CXX
scyllinga, swa wi+d eorl LX scyllinga, swa wi+d hundred XXX
scyllinga, swa wi+d +alc +t+ara, gyf hit swa
geweor+de+t, on Engla lage.
<R 15.3>
And se +de on Dena lage rihte lage wyrde, gylde he lahslit.
<R 16>
And se +te o+terne mid wo forsecgan wylle, +t+at he a+der
o+d+de feo o+d+de freme +te wyrse sig, gyf +tonne se 
o+der +t+at geunso+dian m+age, +t+at him man on secgan
wolde, sy he his tungan scyldig, butan he hine mid 
his were forgylde.
<R 17>
And ne gesece nan man +done cingc, butan he ne mote beon
nanes rihtes wyr+de innan his hundrede.
<R 17.1>
And sece man hundredes gemot be wite, eallswa hit is to
secenne.
<R 18>
& h+abbe mann +triwa on geare burhgemot & tuwa scirgemot,
butan hit oftor sig.
<R 18.1>
& +t+ar beo on +t+are scire bisceop & se ealdorman, & +t+ar
+ag+ter t+acan ge Godes riht ge woruldriht.
<R 19>
And ne nime nan man nane n+ame ne innan scire ne ut of 
<P 322>
scire,
+ar mann h+abbe +triwa on hundrede his rihtes gebeden.
<R 19.1>
Gif he +at +tam +triddan cyrre nan riht n+abbe, +tonne fare
he feor+dan si+de to scirgemote, & seo scir him 
sette +tone feor+dan andagan.
<R 19.2>
Gyf se +tonne berste, nime +tonne leafe +ag+ter ge heonon ge
+tanan, +t+at he mote hentan +after his agenan.
<R 20>
& we wylla+d, +t+at +alc freoman beo on hundrede & on
teo+dunge gebroht, +te lade wyr+de beon wylle o+d+don
weres wyr+de, gyf hine hwa teon wylle, ofer +t+at he by+d
XIIwintre; o+d+don he ne beo sy+d+dan +aniges freorihtes 
wyr+de.
Si he heor+df+ast, si he folgere, +t+at +alc si on hundrede &
on borge gebroht, & gehealde se borh hine 
& gel+ade to +alcan rihte.
<R 20.1>
Manig strec man wyle, gyf he m+ag & mot, werian his man, swa
hw+a+der swa him +ting+d, +t+at he hine ea+d 
awerian m+age, 
<P 324>
swa for frigne swa for +teowne; ac we nella+d
ge+dafian +t+at unriht.
<R 21>
Ac we wylla+d, +t+at +alc man ofer XII wintre sylle +tone a+d,
+t+at he nelle +teof beon ne +teofes gewita.
<R 22>
& sy +alc getrywa man, +te tihtbysig n+are, & na+dor ne
burste ne a+d ne ordal, innan hundrede anfealdre lade wyr+de.
<R 22.1>
And ungetrywan men ceose man anfealdne a+d on +trim
hundredum, & +tryfealdne a+d, swa wide swa hit to 
+d+are byrig hyre; o+d+don ga to +tam ordale.
And ofga man anfealde lade mid anfealdan fora+de & +tryfealde
lade mid +tryfealdan fora+de.
<R 22.2>
And gyf +tegen h+abbe getrywne man to fora+de for hine,
+t+at swa sig; gyf he n+abbe, ofga sylf his sp+ace.
<P 326>
<R 22.3>
& ne beo +afre +anig fora+d forgyfen.
<R 23>
& ne beo +anig man +aniges teames wyr+de, butan he getrywe
witnesse h+abbe, hwanan him come +t+at him man +at befeh+t.
<R 23.1>
& gecy+de seo gewitnes +t+at on Godes helde & on hlafordes,
+t+at heo him on so+dre gewitnesse sy, swa heo 
hit eagum oferseah & earum oferhyrde, +t+at he hit mid
rihte begeate.

[^B14.32^]
<P 380>
<R 1>
Nor+dhymbra preosta lagu.
Gyf hwa +anigum preoste +anig woh beode, beon ealle geferan
mid biscopes filste georne ymbe +ta bote 
& beon to +alcan rihte, swa swa hit awriten is, (\quasi cor
unum et anima una\) .
<R 2>
And Godes forboda we forbeoda+d, +t+at +anig preost o+dre
cirican na+der ne [{gebicg+a{] ne [{ge+ticg+a{] , buton 
hine hwa mid heafodgilte forwyrce, +t+at he weofod+tenunge
+tanon for+d wyr+de ne sy.
<R 2.1>
& gif hit +anig preost elles gedo, +tolige his wur+dscipes &
geferena freondscipes & he nahwar ne m+assige, 
+ar hig h+abbe se +te hi mid rihte age.
<R 2.2>
& gilde se +te woh dide XX or +tam biscope, XII or +tam
preoste, +te he of his circan asette, XII or eallum 
geferan, & +tolige +t+as feos eac, gif he on unriht
+anig for o+dres preostes circan sealde.
<R 2.3>
& +alc preost finde him XII festermen, +t+at he preostlage
wille healdan mid rihte.
<R 3>
And gif hwilc preost agilte & he ofer biscopes gebod
m+assige, gilde for +dam gebode XX or, & +tar to
eacan +tone gilt gebete, +de hit +ar geworhte.
<R 4>
Gif preost biscopes agen geban forbuge, gilde XX or.
<R 5>
Gif preost dom to l+awedum sceote, +te he to gehadedum
scolde, gilde XX or.
<R 6>
Gif preost arcediacones geban forbuge, gilde XII or.
<R 7>
Gif preost scildig sy & he ofer arcediacones gebod m+assige,
gilde XII or.
<R 8>
Gif preost fulluhtes o+d+de scriftes forwyrne, gebete +t+at
mid XII or & huru wi+d God +tingige georne.
<R 9>
Gif preost to rihtes timan crisman ne fecce, gilde XII or.
<R 10>
+aghwilc cild sy, we l+ara+d, gefullod binnon nigon nihton,
be wite VI or.
<P 381>
<R 10.1>
& gif h+a+ten cild binnon IX nihton +turh gimeliste forfaren
sy, betan for Gode buton worldwite; & gif 
hit ofer nigan niht gewur+de, betan for Gode, & gilde XII or
for +dare heorde, +te he w+as h+a+ten swa lange.
<R 11>
Gif preost folce miswissige +at freolse o+d+de f+astene, bete
wi+d God & gilde XII or.
<R 12>
Gif preost on unriht ut of scire had begite, gilde XII or, &
diacon VI or; & +tolian his hades, buton 
scirebiscop heom hades geunne.
<R 13>
Gif preost on unhalgodon huse m+assige, gilde XII or.
<R 14>
Gif preost buton gehalgedon weofode m+assige, gilde XII or.
<R 15>
Gif preost on treowenan calice husl gehalgige, XII or.
<R 16>
Gif preost buton wine m+assige, gilde XII or.
<R 17>
Gif preost husl forgime, gilde XII or.
<R 18>
Gif preost anes d+ages m+assige oftor +tonne +driwa, gilde
XII or.
<R 19>
Gif man ciricgri+d abrece, bete be circan m+a+de & be +tam
+te hire mund sy.
<R 20>
Gif man mid cirican mangie, bete be lahslite.
<R 21>
Gif man cirican nyd+teowige, gebete +t+at be lahslihte.
<R 22>
Gif man preost of circan on unriht utige, bete +t+at be
lahslite.
<R 23>
Gif man preost gewundige, gebete man +ta wyndlan &
[{biscope{] to weofodbote for his hade sille XII or; 
+at diacone VI or to weofodbote.
<R 24>
Gif man preost ofslea, forgilde man hine be fullan were &
biscope feower & XX or to weofodbote; +at
diacone XII or to weofodbote.
<R 25>
Gif preost circan miswur+dige, +te eal his wur+dscipe of
sceal arisan, gebete +t+at.
<R 26>
Gif preost on circan ungedafenlice +tingc gelogige, gebete
+t+at.
<R 27>
Gif preost ciric+tingc utige, gebete +t+at.
<R 28>
Gif preost silfwilles +ta circan forl+ate, +de he to gehadod
w+as, gebete +t+at.
<P 382>
<R 29>
Gif preost o+derne forseo o+d+de gebismrige mid worde o+d+de
mid weorce, gebete +t+at.
<R 30>
Gif preost wi+d o+derne gefeohte, bete him & biscope.
<R 31>
Gif preost o+drum on unriht on fultume beo, gebete +t+at.
<R 32>
Gif preost o+drum rihtes fultumes forwyrne, gebete +t+at.
<R 33>
Gif preost o+derne unwarnode l+ate +t+as, +te he wite, +t+at
him hearmian wille, gebete +t+at.
<R 34>
Gif preost sceare misgime beardes o+d+de feaxes, gebete
+t+at.
<R 35>
Gif preost cwenan forl+ate & o+dre nime, (\anathema sit\) .
<R 36>
Gif preost on gesetne timan tida ne ringe o+d+de tida ne
singe, gebete +t+at.
<R 37>
Gif preost mid w+apnum innan circan cume, gebete +t+at.
<R 38>
Gif preost misendebirde ciriclice gear+tenunga, d+ages o+d+de
nihtes, gebete +t+at.
<R 39>
Gif preost ordol misfadige, gebete +t+at.
<R 40>
Gif preost searwa+d bewinde, gebete +t+at.
<R 41>
Gif preost oferdruncen lufige o+d+de gliman o+d+de ealascop
wur+de, gebete +t+at.
<R 42>
Gif preost forhele, hw+at on his scriftscire betweox mannum
to unrihte rixige, gebete +t+at.
<R 43>
Gif preost geargerihta unmynegode l+ate, gebete +t+at.
<R 44>
Gif preost sino+d forbuge, gebete +t+at.
<R 45>
Gif preost to rihte gebugan nelle, ac ongean biscopes
ger+adnesse wi+derige, gebete +t+at o+d+de beo he 
asyndred of gehadodra gemanan & +tolige +ag+der ge geferscipes
ge +aghwilces wur+dscipes, buton he gebuge 
& +de deoppor gebete.
<R 46>
Gif hwa Godes lage o+d+de folclage wirde, gebete hit georne.
<R 47>
Ealle we sculon +anne God wur+dian & lufian & +anne
Cristendom georne healdan & +alcne h+a+tendom mid ealle 
awurpan.
<P 383>
<R 48>
Gif +tonne +ani man agiten wur+de, +t+at +anigne h+a+denscipe
heonan for+d dreoge o+d+de on blot o+d+de on firhte 
o+d+de on +anig wiccecr+aft lufige o+d+de idola wur+dinge,
gif he sy cynges +tegn, gilde X healfmarc, healf 
Criste, healf +tam cynge.
<R 49>
Gif hit sy elles landagende man, gilde VI healfmarc, healf
Criste & healf landrican.
<R 50>
Gif hit si f+arbena, gilde XII or.
<R 51>
Gif cyninges +tegn +atsace, +tonne nemne man him XII, and
nime his maga XII & XII wallerwente; & gif 
his berste, +tonne gilde he lahsliht: X healfmarc.
<R 52>
Gif landagende man +atsace, +tonne nemne man him his gelican
ealswa micel wente swa cyninges +tegne; 
gif him +t+at berste, gilde lahsliht: VI healfmarc.
<R 53>
Gif cyrlisc man +ats+ace, +tonne nemne man him his gelicena
ealswa micel wente swa +dam o+drum; gif him
+t+at berste, +tonne gilde he lahsliht: XII or.
<R 54>
Gif fri+dgeard sy on hw+as lande abuton stan o+d+de treow
o+d+de wille o+d+de swilces +anigge fleard, +tonne
gilde se +de hit worhte lahsliht, healf Criste healf
landrican.
<R 54.1>
& gif se landrica nelle to steore filstan, +tonne habbe Crist
& cyningc +ta bote.
<R 55>
Sunnand+ages cypingc we forbeoda+d +aghwar & +alc folcgemot &
+alc weorc & +alce lade +ag+der ge on w+ane ge 
on horse ge on byrdene.
<R 56>
Se +te +anig +tissa do, gilde wite: friman XII or, +deowman
+da hyde; buton wegferende, +ta moton for neode 
meteneade ferian; & for unfri+de man mot freols+afenan
nide fulfaran betweonan Eferwic & six mila
gemete.
<P 384>
<R 57>
Se +te freols o+d+de riht f+asten brece, gilde wite XII or.
<R 57.1>
& we willa+d, +t+at +alc Romp+ani beo gel+ast be Petres
m+assan to +dam bisceopstole.
<R 57.2>
& we willa+d, +t+at man namige on +alcon w+apengetace II
triwe +tegnas & +anne m+assepreost, +t+at hi hit gegaderian 
& eft agifan, swa hi durran to swerian.
<R 58>
Gif cyninges +tegn o+d+de +anig landrica hit forh+abbe, gilde
X healfmarc, healf Criste healf cynge.
<R 59>
Gif hwilc tunesman +anigne p+anig forhele o+d+de forh+abbe,
gilde se landrica +tone p+anig & nime +anne oxan 
+at +dam men; & gif landrica +t+at forgime, +tonne fo Crist
& cyningc to fulre bote: XII or.
<R 60>
Gif hwa teo+dinge forhealde & he sy cyninges +tegn, gilde X
healfmarc, landagende VI healfmarc, ceorl XII or.
<R 61>
And we forbeoda+d on Godes forbode, +t+at nan man na ma wifa
n+abbe buton I; & seo beo mid rihte beweddod & forgifen.
<R 61.1>
& +t+at nan man ne wifige on neahsibban men +tonne wi+dutan
+tam IIII cneowe; ne nan man on his godsibbe ne wifige.
<R 61.2>
& gif hit hwa gedo, nabbe he Godes mildse, buton he geswice &
bete, swa biscop get+ace.
<R 61.3>
Gif he +tonne on +dam unrihte geendige, +tolige he cl+anes
legeres & Godes mildse.
<R 63>
Gif hwa wi+d nunnan forlicge, sy +ag+der his weres scildig,
ge he ge heo.
<R 63.1>
& gif hi on +dam geendigan buton geswicennesse, +tolian
cl+anes legeres & Godes mildse.
<R 64>
Gif hwa his riht+awe lifigende forl+ate & on o+dran wife on
unriht gewifige, n+abbe he Godes myldse, buton he hit gebete.
<R 65>
Ac healde gehwa mid rihte his +awe +ta hwile +te heo libbe;
buton +t+at gewur+de, +t+at hi buta geceosan be 
biscopes ge+teahte, +t+at hi getw+aman & +tanon for+d willan
cl+annesse healdan.
<R 66>
Gif +anig man heonan for+d rihte laga wyrde, gebete hit
georne.
<R 67>
Ealle we sculon +anne God lufian & wur+dian & +anne
Cristendom georne healdan & +alcne h+a+dendom mid ealle 
awurpan.
<P 385>
<R 67.1>
& we willa+d, +t+at landceap & lahceap & witword & getrywe
gewitnes & riht dom & fulloc & frumtalu f+aste 
stande & dryncelean & hlafordes rihtgifu, & huru an
Cristendom & an cynedom +afre on +deode.



<B CODOCU3>
<Q O2/3 XX DOC HARM12>
<N DOC HARM 12>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D AM/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 3 (HARMER).
SELECT ENGLISH HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS
OF THE NINTH AND TENTH CENTURIES.  
ED. F. E. HARMER.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1914.
NO. 12.

TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 3 (ROBERTSON).
ANGLO-SAXON CHARTERS.
ED. A. J. ROBERTSON.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1939.
NO. 1, 32, 41, 44, 46, 66, 83,
87, 91, 94, 101, 103.

TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 3 (WHITELOCK).
ANGLO-SAXON WILLS. 
ED. D. WHITELOCK.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1930. 
NO. 14, 15, 13, 16.1, 19, 20, 30.

PP. 20.14  - 22.17  (12)   (SAMPLE 1) (HARMER)
P.  2.1    - 2.21   (1)               (ROBERTSON)
PP. 34.13  - 36.32  (14)   (SAMPLE 2) (WHITELOCK)
PP. 38.1   - 42.5   (15)
PP. 58.19  - 60.29  (32)   (SAMPLE 3) (ROBERTSON)
PP. 84.1   - 86.10  (41)   (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 90.1   - 92.17  (44)                    
P.  96.1   - 96.21  (46)
PP. 136.1  - 138.9  (66)
PP. 162.1  - 164.22 (83)                    
P.  172.10 - 172.19 (87)                    
PP. 174.14 - 178.11 (91)                    
P.  180.1  - 180.23 (94)                    
PP. 188.1  - 190.7  (101)                    
P.  192.1  - 192.13 (103) 
PP. 30.16  - 34.12  (13)              (WHITELOCK)
P.  42.6   - 42.24  (16.1)
PP. 54.7   - 56.9   (19)
PP. 56.10  - 62.12  (20)
P.  78.11  - 78.27  (30)^]



<S SAMPLE 1>

[^B15.1.8^]
<P 20>
<R 1>
For +t+are wisan, ic +a+delr+ad ealdorman, inbryrdendre
Godes gefe gewelegod & gewlenced mid sume d+ale
Mercna rices, for Godes lufan & for alesnessa minra gylta &
synna & for benum abbodes & +t+are heor+adene
+at Berclea, & eac for ealre Merce, ic heo
gefreoge ecelice +t+as gafoles +te hio nu get to
cyninges handa ageofan sceolan of +dam d+ale +te +t+ar
ungefreod to lafe w+as +t+are cyningfeorme, ge on
hlutrum ala+d, ge on beore, ge on hunige, ge hry+drum ge on
swynum, ge on sceapum.
<R 8>
And +t+at ic dyde for hiora godcundre gebedredenne & for+tan
eac +te hio me hiora landes sumne d+al
in ece +arfewerdnesse to forleortan, +t+at is +at Stoce
twelf hida & +dritig mancusa goldes hio sealdan eac me.
<R 12>
& +t+at ic +t+at mynster fram +aghwelcum gafolum gefreoge +te
to +tiode hlafarde belimpe+d, litles o+d+de micles, cu+des
ge uncu+des, butan angilde wi+d o+drum & f+astengewerce &
<P 21>
fyrdsocne & brycggeweorce.
<R 15>
& +t+at ic do mid +alfredes cyninges leafe & gewitnesse & mid
ealra Myrcna witena, godcundra hada & woroldcundra.
<R 18>
And nu +aft +t+at ilce land +at Stoce +t+at is twelf hida, ic
sylle Cynulfe, Ceoluhtes suna, in +dreora manna d+ag,
for syxtigum mancesa cl+anes goldes, +aghwelces
+tinges to freon, ge wi+d cyning, ge wi+d
ealdorman, ge wi+d gerefan, +aghwelces +teodomes, lytles &
micles, butan fyrdsocne & f+astengeworce &
brycggeweorce & angylde wi+d o+drum, & noht ut to wite.
<R 23>
Ond we beoda+d +t+at n+anig mon on Ceoluhte gesib o+d+de
fremde hit gereafige in +anigum +dingum, +ta hwyle
+te he lyfie, for+ton +te he hit geearnode +at Mercna
hlafordum mid rihtre eadmodnysse.
<R 27>
Ond nu we beoda+d in Godes almihtiges naman, +t+at +des
bufancwedena freodom +t+as mynstres +at Berclea &
eac sio geofu +t+as landes +te we Cynulfe sylla+d in
+dreora manna [{d+ag{] , unbereafod +torhwunige on
ecnesse, on +tas gerad, +t+at +after Cynewulfes & his
erfewerda twega, +t+at twelf hida land +at Stoce
butan +alcum wi+dercwide sio agefen to Wigornacestre +tam
bisceopstole for +a+delred ealdormon & for ealle
Merce him to ecre +almessan.
<R 34>
Eac we bidda+d & alsia+d in naman +t+are halgan +trinesse
+t+at gif hwelc mon sio, +t+at he mid yfle wyllan
oht +t+as abrecan wylle +te on +tisse cartan awriten is,
wite he +tonne +t+at he hit de ofer Godes est,
& ofer ealra his haligra, & eac ofer monna godcundra
hada & woroldcundra elces +t+ara +te +anig riht
ge+tencean cunne o+d+de wylle.
<R 39>
& he hit gebete beforan +tam heahsetle +t+as ecean deman
butan he hit +ar mid rihtre bote gebetan wille Gode & monnum.
[^SEVERAL LINES OF LATIN OMITTED^]
<P 22>
<R 42>
(\Terra autem ista hiis circumcingitur terminibus.\) +arest of
H+aslwellan in H+asldene, +tonne of H+asldene on Waldeswellan,
of Waldeswellan on Sweordesstan, of Sweordesstane in Eowcumb,
of Eowcumbe in Afene stream, of Afene streame eft up +t+at in
Hricgleage, +tonne of Hrycgleage +t+at on Penpau, of Penpau
+t+at in S+aferne stream, of H+aslwellan eft +t+at
in leadgedelf, of leadgedelfe on mylepul,
of mylenpulle in Afene stream.

<Q O2/3 XX DOC ROB1>
<N DOC ROB 1>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
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<H X>
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<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.1.3^]
<P 2>
<R 1>
   In usses Dryhtnes noman H+alendes Cristes ic +a+delbald
Myrcna cincg w+as beden from +t+am arfullan 
bisceope Milrede +t+att ic him alefde & his +t+am halegan
hirede alle nedbade tuegra sceopa +te +t+arto 
limpende beo+d, +tett ic him forgefe +ta +t+am eadgan Petre
apostola aldormen in +t+am mynstre +teowia+d 
+t+at is geseted in Huicca m+ag+de in +t+are stowe +te mon
hate+d Weogernacester.
<R 7>
+t+are bene swy+de arfulre ge+dafunge ic w+as syllende for
minre sawle l+acedome to +don +t+att for minum
synnum hi heo geea+dmedden +t+atte heo w+aren gelomlice
+tingeras wi+d Drihten.
<R 10>
Swy+de lustfullice +ta forgeofende ic him alyfde alle nedbade
tuegra sceopa +ta +te +t+ar ab+adde beo+d 
from +t+am nedbaderum in Lundentunes hy+de.
<R 12>
Ond n+afre ic ne mine lastweardas ne +da nedbaderas
ge+dristl+acen +t+at heo hit onwenden o+d+de +ton 
wi+dg+an.
<R 14>
Gif heo +t+at nyllen syn heo +tonne amansumade from
d+alneomencge liceman & blodes usses Drihtnes 
H+alendes Cristes & from alre neweste geleafulra syn heo
asceadene & asyndrade nym+de heo hit her 
mid +tingonge bote gebete.
<R 18>
Ic +a+telbald cincg mine agene sylene trymmende, ic heo wrat.
<R 19>
Milred bisceop +tare halegan rode tacen he heron gef+astnode.
<R 20>
Inguwald biscop ge+dafiende he hit wrat.
Wilfri+d biscop he hit wrat.
<R 21>
Alda cinges gefera he hit wrat.


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q O3 XX DOC WHIT14>
<N DOC WHITEL 14>
<A X>
<C O3>
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<Y X>
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<U X>
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<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.6.12^]
<P 34>
<R 1>
+tis is +A+telfl+ade cwyde.
+t+at is +arest +t+at ic gean minum hlaforde +tes landes +at
Lamburnan & +t+as +at Ceolsige & +at Readingan & 
feower beagas on twam hund mancys goldes & IIII pellas &
IIII cuppan & IIII bleda & IIII hors.
<R 4>
& ic bidde minne leouan hlaford for Godes lufun +t+at min
cwyde standan mote & ic nan o+der nebbe geworht, 
on Godes gewitnesse.
<R 6>
& ic gean +t+as landes +at Domarhame into Glestingabyrig for
+Admundes cinges sawle & for +Aadgares cinges 
& for mire sawle.
<R 8>
& ic gean +tes landes +at Hamme into Cristes cyrcan +at
Cantwarebyrig for Eadmund+as cinges sawle & for mire sawle.
<R 10>
& ic gean +tes landes +at Wudaham B+aorhtno+de +aaldormen &
mire swust+ar hyre d+ag & ofer hire deg into sancta 
Marian cyrcan +at Byorcingan.
<R 13>
& ic gean +tes landes +at Hedham B+aorhtno+d+a ealdormen &
mire swuster h+aora d+ag & +after h+aora d+age into 
Paulusbyrig +at Lund+an+a to bisceopham+a.
<R 15>
& ic gean +t+as land+as +at Dictun+a 
<P 36>
into Ylig to sanct+a
+A+t+al+dry+d & to hire geswustran.
<R 16>
& ic gean +tara twegra landa +at Cohhanfeld+aa & +at
C+aorlesweor+te B+aorhtno+d+a +aaldormen & mir+a swuster 
hire d+ag & ofer hire d+ag into sanct+a Eadmundes stowe to
Bydericeswyr+de.
<R 19>
& ic gean +t+as landes +at Fingringaho B+aorhtno+de +aaldermen
& mire swuster hir+a deg & ofer hire d+ag into 
sanct+a P+atres cyrcan +at Myresig+a.
<R 22>
& ic g+aan +t+as landes +at Polstede B+aorhtno+de +aaldorm+an
& mire swuster hire deg & ofor hira d+ag into Stocy.
<R 23>
& ic g+aan +t+as land+as +at Hwifersce into Stocy ofer minn+a
deg.
<R 24>
& ic g+aan B+aorhtno+d+a +aaldermen & mire swuster +t+as
landes +at Str+atforda hire d+ag & ofer hire d+ag ic 
his g+aan into Stocy.
<R 26>
& ic will+a +t+at Lauanham ga into Stoce of+ar +tes
+aaldermannes d+ag & mire swuster.
<R 28>
& ic gean +t+as landes +at Byligesdyn+a into Stocy ofer +t+as
+aaldermanes d+ag & mire swuster.
<R 29>
& ic gean +tara landa +at Peltandune & et Myresige & +at
Grenstede into Stocy ofer minn+a d+ag & ofer B+aorhtno+des 
+aaldormann+as & of+ar mire swuster.
<R 32>
& ic gean +tes landes +at Ylmes+aton Beorhtno+de +aaldormen &
mire swuster hira d+ag & of+ar hira d+ag ic his 
g+aan +Aadmund+a.
<R 34>
& ic an +t+ar+a ar+a hide +at +torp+a into Hedl+age for mire
sawle & for mira eldrena ofer minne [{d+age{] .
<R 35>
& ic gean +d+ara X hida +at Wicforda Sibrihte minum m+ag+a
ofer minne d+ag.
<R 37>
& ic gean +Agwin+a minum ger+afan +tara IIII hida +at
Hedham ofer miminne deg swa hit on +aalddagum gestod.
<R 39>
& ic g+aan Brihtwolde minum cniht+a +tara twegra hida on
Dunninclande ofer minn+a d+ag.
<R 40>
& ic an Alfwolde minum preoste tw+agra hida on Dunninglande
ofer minne d+ag.
<R 41>
& ic gean +A+t+alm+are minum pr+aoste tw+agra hida on
Dunningland+a of+ar minne d+ag.
<R 43>
& ic g+aan +Alfg+aate minum meg+a twegra hida on Dunninglande
ofar minn+a d+ag.
<R 44>
& ic g+aan +d+as land+as +at W+aaldingaf+alda Crawa mira magan
ou+ar minn+a d+ag.
<R 45>
& ic wille +t+at man frig+a h+aalue mine men on elcum tune for
mine sawl+a & +t+at man dele +aal healf +t+at 
yrue +t+at ic h+abb+a on +alcum tune for mire sawle.

<Q O3 XX DOC WHIT15>
<N DOC WHITEL 15>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D A/X>
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<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.6.5^]
<P 38>
<R 1>
+Alfl+ad g+aswytela+t on +tis gewrite hu h+ao wile habban
gefadad hir+a +ahta for Gode & for world+a.
<R 2>
+arest +t+at ic an minum hlaforde +tara VIII landa +after
minum dege, +t+at is erest +at Douorcort+a & +at 
Fulanpett+a & +at +Alesforda & +at Stanw+agun & +at Byr+atune
& +at l+axadyne & +at Ylmes+atun & +at Bucysheal+a
& tw+agra b+aha on twera punda gewihte & twa sopcuppan & an
s+aolfran f+at.
<R 7>
& +t+a, leof, +aadmodlice bidde for Godes luuan & for mines
hlaford+as sawle lufan & for minr+a swystor 
sawl+a lufan +t+at +tu amundie +ta halgan stow+a et Stoc+a
+t+a mine yldran on resta+t & +ta are +t+a hi +tiderin
s+aadon a to freogon God+as rihte, +t+at is +tonno +t+at ic
gean +aalswa mine yldran his er g+au+tan, +t+at is
+tonne +t+at land +at Stoce into +ter+a halagan stow+a & +aal
+t+at +t+at +t+ar to tun+a g+ahyr+d & +ton+a wuda +at 
h+a+tf+alda +t+a min swystar g+au+t+a & mine yldran.
<R 14>
+tonne synd +tis +ta land +t+a min+a yldran +t+arto b+acw+adon
of+ar minre swystor d+ag & of+ar minne, +t+at is +donne 
Stredford+a & Fresantun & Wiswy+tetun & Lauanham &
Byliesdyne & Polstyde & Wif+armyrsc & Gr+anstyd+a
& Peltandune & Myr+aseg+a & +t+at wud+aland +at Totham +t+a
min f+ader geu+t+a into Myresi+a & Colne & Tigan.
<R 19>
+tonne synd +tis +ta land +te min+a yldran becw+adon into
o+trum halgum stowum, +t+at is +tonne into Cantwarabyrig 
to Crist+as circan +tan hired to brece +tes landes +at
Illanlege & into Paules mynstre into Lundene 
+tes landes +at Hedham to biscophame & +tes landes +at
Tidwoldingtune +tan hirede to brece into Paules 
mynstre & into Beorcingan +tam hirede to brece +tes landes
+at Babbing+tyrnan.
<R 26>
& ic gean +Alf+tr+a+de min+as hlauord+as medder Wuduham+as
+aft+ar minum d+age & +after hir+a dege gange hit into 
sancta Marian stow+a into Beorcingan +aalswa hit st+ant mid
m+ate & mid mannum.
<R 29>
& ic g+aan into sancte +Aadmunde +tara twegra landa
C+aorlesweor+t+a & Cochanfelde +tam hirede to [{brece{] 
+aalswa 
mine yldran his er geu+tan & +t+as landes +at Hnyddinge
+aft+ar Crawan deg+a mir+a magan.
<R 32>
& ic g+aan into 
<P 40>
Myresie +after minum deg+a ealswa min hlaford
& min swester geu+tan, +t+at is Fingringaho
& +tara six hida +t+a +t+at mynst+ar on stent.
<R 35>
& ic g+aan efter Crawan dege +tes landes +at Wealdingafelda
into Su+dbyrig to sanct+a Gregori+a ealswa min 
swestar hit er for+awyrde.
<R 37>
& ic gean into +Alig sanct+a Petre & sanct+a +A+t+aldry+te &
sancte Wihtburhe & sanct+a Sexburhe & sancte +Aormenhilde 
+ter mines hlafordes lichoma rest +tara +treo landa
+te wit buta geheotan Gode & his halgan,
+t+at is +at Rettendune +te wes min morgangyfu & +at S+agham
& +at Dictune ealswa min hlaford & min sw+astar 
his er geu+tan & +tar+a anre hide +at C+aafle +te min
swystar begeat & +tes b+aahges gemacan +te man s+aalde 
minum hlaforde to sawlesc+aatte.
<R 44>
& ic gean +A+delm+are +aaldorman +tes landes +at Lellinge ofer
mine deg mid mete & mid mannum +aalswa hit 
stent on +tet gerad +t+at he beo on minum life min fulla freod
& forespreca & mira manna & efter minum
dege beo +tara halgan stowe & +ter+a are ful freod &
forespeca +at Stoc+a +te mine yldran on resta+t.
<R 49>
& ic gean +tes landes +at Lissingtune E+delmere mines mid
[{mete{] & mid mannum ealswa hit stent & hine eadmodlice 
bidde +t+at he min fulla freod & mundiend beo on
minum dege & efter minum dege gefelste +t+at
min cwide & mira yldran standan mote.
<R 53>
+tis sind +ta landmearca to Byligesdyne, of +da burnan +at
Humelcyrre, fram [{Humelcyrre{] Heregeresheafode, 
fram Heregeresheafode +after +dam ealdan hege to +dare
grene +ac, +tonne for+d +t+at hit cym+d to +tare stanstr+ate, 
of +tare stanstr+ate andlang scrybbe +t+at hit
cym+d to Acantune, fram Acyntune +t+at hit cym+d to 
Rigendune, fram Rigindune +aft to +tara burnan.
<R 59>
& +t+ar is landes fif hida.
+tis sind +ta landgem+ara to Hwifermirsce & to Polestede, of
Loppandune to Scelfleage, fram Leage to Mercyl, 
andlang Mercyle into Sture, andlang Sture to Leofmannes
gem+are, andlang Leofmannes g+am+are to 
Amalburnan, fram Amalburnan to Nor+dfelda, +donne for+d to
Bindh+acce, fram Bindh+acce to Tudanh+acce, fram 
Tudanh+acce to Giddincgforda 
<P 42>
fram Giddingforda to
Hnutstede, fram Huntstede to Hwitincgho, fram Hwitingho 
to Wudemannestune, fram Wudemannestune to C+aresige
g+am+are, fram C+aresige gem+are to H+adleage 
gem+are, fram H+adleage g+am+are to Hligham gem+are, fram
Hligham gem+are eft to Loppandun.


<S SAMPLE 3>

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<U X>
<E X>
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<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.6.23^]
<P 58>
<R 1>
   +tis is +a+delwyrd+as cwide mid ge+d+ahte Odan
+arcebisscop+as & +d+as hiored+as +at Crist+as cirican.
<R 2>
+t+at is +donne +t+at +a+delwyrd bruce +d+as land+as on
Geocham his d+ag on freodome be Godes leafe & be +d+as 
+arcebisscop+as & be +d+as heored+as, +donne yft+ar his d+age
Eadric, gif he libbe, his d+ag wi+d +don gofole 
+de hit gecwed+an is, +d+at sint V pund & +alce g+are 
+ane d+ag feorme in hiowum.
<R 6>
+t+at is +donne XL s+astra eala+d, LX hlafa, 
we+d+ar & flicce & an hri+dres 
<P 60>
l+auw, II cesas, IIII h+an fugulas & V p+anningas 
to be+de.
<R 8>
& +dis sio gel+ast to sancte Michael+as tide.
<R 9>
& bio he +alces wites wyr+de.
& gif hwilc forwyrht man hiowan ges+ace bio se +dinga+d swa
hit medlic sia be +d+as geltes me+de.
<R 11>
Gif hit +donne geb+arige +d+at +a+delwyrd l+ang libbe +done
Eadric +donne fo +a+delgifu to wi+d +dan ilcan 
gofole +de hit h+ar beufan gecwed+an is hire d+ag.
<R 14>
Gif hit +tonne geberige +d+at +a+delwyrd l+ang libbe +done
Eadric o+d+de +a+delgifu & he +da un+atnessa gebidan
scel agefe man land & boc in yfter his d+age in mid him selfum
for hine & for +da +de him land fram 
com.
<R 18>
+dis+as is Oda +arcebisscop gewita & Byrhtere m+asse preost
C+anwig m+asse preost Wealdred m+asse preost 
Sigefre+d diacon Osweald diacon Fre+degod diacon Sigered diacon
Heared diacon Sired preost Byrhtmund 
Eadsige Eadelm Byrhtsige +a+delm Byrhtsige Byrhtwig Liofric
Sielm Wulfred C+anric Eadweard.
<R 23>
+dis+as wes gewita Eadelm abbod +at sancte Agustine &
Byrhtsige diacon +aorlebyrht m+asse preost Ro+din 
m+asse preost B+arhtram m+asse Beornmund preost & +da III
+alfstanas +a+delweald Eadmund Wenelm Cynsige 
Eadric Liofing Eadsige Wulfelm Sigefre+d Liofric Liofstan
Eadstan Eadmund stan cynges +d+agen Byrhtric
Wyhtgar Wulfstan & +da III geferscipas Innanburwara &
utanburhwara & micle m+attan.
<R 20>
+Tis [{is{] seo geredn+as +te Eadric h+af+d wi+d +dane hired
to Cristes cirican.
<R 21>
+t+at is +donne +d+at Eadric gesealde +dan hirede to gerisenum
V pund, twa +d+am +ald+astum & +dreo eallum 
hirede, an +t+at gerad +t+at he hebbe land mid fullre unnan 
+alde & gege+de mid eall+an +dan netwyr+dan +dingum
lessan & maran +de to +d+am lande belimppa+d unbesprec+an wi+d
+aghwylcne lifes man.


<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB41>
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<A X>
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<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.5.18^]
<P 84>
<R 1>
   +tus w+aron +da seox sulung +at Wuldaham sancte Andrea
geseald into Hrofesceastre.
<R 2>
+a+delbryht cinc hit gebocode +tam apostole on ece yrfe &
bet+ahte hit +dam biscope Eardulfe to 
bewitenne & his +afterg+ancan.
<R 4>
+da betweonan +tam wear+d hit ute & h+afdon hit cynegas o+d
Eadmund cinc.
<R 5>
+da gebohte hit +alfstan Heahstaninc +at +d+am cince mid
hundtwelftigan mancesan goldes & +drittigan 
pundan & +d+at him sealde m+ast eal +alfeh his sunu.
<R 7>
+after Eadmunde cincge +da gebocode hit Eadred cinc +alfstane
on ece yrfe.
<R 9>
+ta +after +alfstanes d+age w+as +alfeh his sunu his yrfew+ard
& +t+at he beleac on halre tungon & ofteah 
+alfrice his bre+der landes & +ahta butan he hw+at +at him
geearnode.
<R 11>
+da for +d+are bro+dorsibbe geu+de he him Earhi+des & Cr+agan
& +anesfordes & Wuldahames his d+ag.
<R 13>
+da oferbad +alfeh +d+ane bro+dor & feng to his l+ane.
<R 14>
+ta h+afde +alfric suna Eadric hatte & +alfeh n+anne.
<R 15>
+da geu+de +alfeh +tam Eadrice Earhi+des & Cr+agan &
Wuldahames & h+afde himsylf +anesford.
<R 16>
+ta gewat Eadric +ar +alfeh cwideleas & +alfeh feng to his
l+ane.
<R 17>
+da h+afde Eadric lafe & nan bearn.
<R 18>
+ta geu+te +alfeh hire hire morgengife +at Cr+agan & stod
Earhi+d & Wuldaham & Lytlanbroc on his l+ane.
<R 19>
+da him eft ge+duhte +da nam he his feorme on Wuldaham & on
+dam o+tran wolde ac hine geyflade.
<R 21>
& he +da s+ande to +dam arcebiscope Dunstane & he com to
Scylfe to him & he cw+a+t his cwide beforan him
& he sette +anne cwide to Cristes cyrican & o+derne to sancte
Andrea & +dane +driddan sealde his lafe.
<R 24>
+da br+ac sy+d+dan Leofsunu +durh +t+at wif +de he nam
Eadrices lafe +d+ane cwide & herewade +t+as arcebiscopes
gewitnesse rad +da innon +da land mid +tam wife butan witena
dome.
<R 27>
+ta man +t+at +dam biscope cy+dde +da gel+adde se biscop
ahnunga ealles +alfehes cwides to Earhi+de 
<P 86>
on gewitnesse +alfstanes biscopes on Lundene & ealles +t+as 
hiredes & +d+as +at Cristes cyrican & +d+as biscopes 
+alfstanes an Hrofesceastre & Wulfsies preostes +t+as
scirigmannes & Bryhtwaldes on M+areweor+de & ealra 
East Cantwarena & West Cantwarena.
<R 33>
& hit w+as gecn+awe on Su+t Seaxan & on West Seaxan & on
Middel Seaxan & on East Seaxan +t+at se 
arcebiscop mid his selfes a+de geahnode Gode & sancte Andrea 
mid +tam boca on Cristes rode +da land +te 
Leofsunu him toteah.
<R 36>
& +d+ane a+t nam Wulfsige se scirigman +da he nolde to +d+as
cinges handa.
<R 37>
& +t+ar w+as god eaca ten hundan mannan +de +tane a+d sealdan.

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB44>
<N DOC ROB 44>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.5.9^]
<P 90>
<R 1>
   Se fruma w+as +t+at mon forst+al +anne wimman +at Ieceslea
+alfsige Byrhsiges suna.
<R 2>
+turwif hatte se wimman.
+ta befeng +alfsige +tone mann +at Wulfstane Wulfgares f+ader.
<R 3>
+ta tymde Wulfstan hine to +a+telstane +at Sunnanbyrg.
<R 4>
+ta cende he tem & let +tone forberstan & forbeh +tone
andagan.
<R 5>
+after +tam b+ad +alfsige +agiftes his mannes & he hine agef &
forgeald him mid twam pundum.
<R 7>
+ta b+ad Byrhfer+d ealdormann +a+telstan hys wer for +tam
tembyrste.
<R 8>
+ta cw+a+d +a+delstan +t+at he n+afde him to syllanne.
<R 9>
+ta cleopode Eadweard +a+delstanes bro+dor & cw+a+d, ic h+abbe
Sunnanburges boc +de uncre yldran me l+afdon,
L+at me +t+at land to handa ic agife +tinne wer +dam cynge.
<R 11>
+ta cw+a+d +a+delstan +t+at him leofre w+are +t+at hit to fyre
o+d+de flode gewurde +tonne he hit +afre gebide.
<R 13>
+da cw+a+d eadweard, hit is wyrse +t+at uncer na+dor hit
n+abbe.
<R 14>
+ta w+as +t+at swa.
& forbead Byrhfer+d +t+at land +a+delstane & he of ferde &
gebeh under Wulfgare +at Nor+dhealum.
<R 15>
Binnan +dam wendun gewyrda & gewat Eadr+ad cyng & feng Eadwig
to rice.
<R 17>
& wende +a+delstan hine eft into Sunnanbyrg ungebetra +tinga.
<R 18>
+ta geahsode +t+at Eadwig cyng & gesealde +t+at land Byrnrice
& he feng to & wearp +a+delstan ut.
<R 19>
Gemang +tam getidde +t+at Myrce gecuran Eadgar to cynge & him
anweald gesealdan ealra cynerihta.
<R 21>
+ta gesohte +a+delstan Eadgar cyng & b+ad domes.
<R 22>
+ta +atdemdon him Myrcna witan land buton he his wer agulde
+tam cynge swa he o+drum +ar sceolde.
<R 23>
+ta n+afde he hwanon ne he hit Eadwearde his bre+der ge+dafian
nolde.
<R 24>
+ta gesealde se cyng & gebecte +t+at land +a+delstane
ealdormenn to h+abbenne & to syllanne for life & 
for legere +tam him leofost w+are.
<R 27>
+after +tam getidde +t+at Ecgfer+d gebohte boc & land +at
+a+delstane ealdormenn on cynges gewitnesse & his
witena swa 
<P 92>
his gemedo w+aron h+afde & breac o+d his ende.
<R 29>
+ta bet+ahte Ecgfer+d on halre tungan land & boc on cynges
gewitnesse Dunstane arcebisceope to 
mundgenne his lafe & his bearne.
<R 32>
+ta he geendod w+as +ta rad se bisceop to +tam cynge myngude
+t+are munde & his gewitnesse.
<R 33>
+ta cw+a+d se cyng him to andsware, mine witan habba+d
+atrec+d Ecgfer+de ealle his are +turh +t+at swyrd +te
him on hype hangode +ta he adranc.
<R 35>
Nam +ta se cyng +da are +te he ahte XX hyda +at Sendan
X +at Sunnanbyrg, & forgef +alfhege 
ealdormenn.
<R 37>
+ta bead se bisceop his wer +tam cynge.
<R 38>
+ta cw+a+d se cyng, +t+at mihte beon geboden him wi+d cl+anum
legere ac ic h+abbe ealle +ta sp+ace to +alfhege
l+aten.
<R 40>
+t+as on syxtan gere gebohte se arcebisceop +at +alfhege
ealdormenn +t+at land +at Sendan mid XC pundum
& +at Sunnanbyrg mid CC mancussan goldes unbecwedene &
unforbodene wi+d +alcne mann to +t+are 
d+agtide.
<R 43>
& he him swa +ta land geagnian derr swa him se sealde +de to
syllenne ahte & hi +tam se cyng sealde 
swa hi him his witan gerehton.

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB46>
<N DOC ROB 46>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.3.23^]
<P 96>
<R 1>
   Ic Oswold bisceop +turh Godes gefe mid ge+tafunge & leafe
Eadgares Angulkynincges & +Alfheres Mercna
heretogan & +t+as hieredes on Wiogerneceastre landes sumne
d+al.
<R 3>
+t+at sint [{hida{] on twuam tunum +te fram cu+tum mannum
Teottingctun & +Alfsigestun sint gehatenne 
sumum cnihte +t+am is Osulf nama for Godes lufan & for uncre
sibbe mid eallum +tingum tofreon +te 
+t+arto belimpa+d his d+ag forgeaf & +after his d+age twam
erfeweardum +t+at beo his bearn swilc lengest mote
gief him +t+at giefe+te bi+d.
<R 9>
+after +tara bearna d+age fo Eadleofu to his gebedde hire
d+ag.
<R 10>
+after hire d+age becwe+te hire bro+trum twam swilc hire
leofest sy.
<R 11>
+after hieora d+age eft into +t+are halgan stowe.
<R 12>
Sy hit +alces +tinges freoh butan ferdfare & walgeweorc &
brygcgeweorc.
<R 13>
+tis w+as godon ymbe nigon hund wintra & nigon & seoxtig
+t+as +te Drihtnes gebyrdtide w+as on +ty 
nigo+tan geare +t+as +te Oswold bisceop to folga+te fengc.
<R 15>
(\Sancta Maria & sanctes Michahel cum sancto Petro\) &
eallum Godes halgum gemiltsien +tis 
healdendum.
<R 17>
Gief hwa buton gewyrhtum hit awendan wille God adilgie his
noman of lifes bocum & habbe him 
gem+ane wi+d hine on +tam ytemestan d+age +tysses lifes butan 
he to rihtere bote gecerre.
<R 20>
Her is seo hondseten Oswoldes bisceopes & unna +t+as hierdes
on Wiogernaceastre.

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB66>
<N DOC ROB 66>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.5.14^]
<P 136>
<R 1>
   Her cy+t on +tysum gewrite hu Wynfl+ad gel+adde hyre
gewitnesse +at Wulfamere beforan +a+telrede cyninge.
<R 2>
+t+at w+as +tonne Sigeric arcebiscop & Ordbyrht biscop &
+alfric ealderman & +alf+try+t +t+as cyninges modor
+t+at hi w+aron ealle to gewitnesse +t+at +alfric sealde
Wynfl+ade +t+at land +at Hacceburnan & +at 
Bradanfelda ongean +t+at land +at Deccet.
<R 6>
+ta sende se cyning +t+ar rihte be +tam arcebiscope & be +tam
+te +t+ar mid him to gewitnesse w+aron to 
Leofwine & cy+tdon him +tis +ta nolde he butan hit man sceote 
to scirgemote.
<R 9>
+ta dyde man swa.
+ta sende se cyning be +aluere abbude his insegel to +tam
gemote +at Cwicelmeshl+awe & grette ealle +ta 
witan +te +t+ar gesomnode w+aron.
<R 11>
+t+at w+as +a+telsige biscop & +ascwig biscop & +alfric abbud
& eal sio scir & b+ad & het +t+at hi scioldon 
Wynfl+ade & Leofwine swa rihtlice geseman swa him +afre
rihtlicost +tuhte.
<R 14>
& Sigeric arcebiscop sende his swutelunga +t+arto & Ordbyrht
biscop his.
<R 15>
+ta get+ahte man Wynfl+ade +t+at hio moste hit hyre geahnian.
<R 16>
+ta gel+adde hio +ta ahnunga mid +alf+try+te fultume +t+as
cyninges modor.
<R 17>
+t+at is +tonne +arest Wulfgar abbud & Wulfstan priost & +afic
+tara +a+telinga discsten & Eadwine & Eadelm
& +alfelm & +alfwine & +alfweard & Eadwold & Eadric & +alfgar
& Eadgyfu abbudisse & Liofrun abbudisse
& +a+telhild & Eadgyfu +at Leofecanoran & hyre swustor & hyre
dohtor & +alfgyfu & hyre dohtor & Wulfwyn
& +a+telgyfu & +alfwaru & +alfgyfu & +a+telfl+ad & menig god
+tegen & god wif +te we ealle atellan ne magon
+t+at +t+ar for+tcom eal se fulla ge on werum ge on wifum.
<R 26>
+ta cw+adon +ta witan +te +t+ar w+aron +t+at betere w+are
+t+at man +tene a+t aweg lete +tonne hine man sealde 
for+tan +t+ar sy+t+tan nan freondscype n+are & man wolde biddan
+t+as reaflaces +t+at he hit sciolde agyfan & 
forgyldan & +tam cyninge his wer.
<R 29>
+ta let he 
<P 138>
+tone a+t aweg & sealde +a+telsige biscope
unbesacen land on hand +t+at he +tanon for+d sy+t+tan 
+t+aron ne spr+ace.
<R 31>
+ta t+ahte man hyre +t+at hio sciolde bringan his f+ader gold
& siolfor eal +t+at hio h+afde.
<R 33>
+ta dyde hio swa hio dorste hyre a+te gebiorgan.
+ta n+as he +tagyt on +tam gehealden butan hio sceolde swerian
+t+at his +ahta +t+ar ealle w+aron.
<R 35>
+ta cw+a+t hio +t+at hio ne mihte hyre d+ales ne he his.
<R 36>
& +tyses w+as +alfgar +t+as cyninges gerefa to gewitnesse &
Byrhtric & Leofric +at Hwitecyrcan & menig 
god man toeacan him.

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB83>
<N DOC ROB 83>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.5.20^]
<P 162>
<R 1>
   Her swutela+d on +dissum gewrite +t+at +a+telstan bisceop
gebohte +at Leofrice +at Blacewellan fif hide 
landes +at Intebyrgan be +a+telredes cynges leafe & be
+alfeges arcebisceopes gewitnesse & be 
Wulfstanes Arcebisceopes & be ealra +t+ara witena +te +da on
Englalande lifes w+aron mid ten pundan reodes 
goldes & hwites seolfres unforboden & unbesacan to geofene
& to syllanne +ar d+age & +after d+age 
sibban o+d+de fremdan +t+ar him leofost w+are.
<R 8>
& Se cyng het +tone arcebisceop Wulfstan +t+arto boc settan &
+a+telstane bisceope boc & land bet+acan 
unnendere heortan.
<R 10>
+ta +after +tysan manegum gearum soc Wulfstan & his sunu
Wulfric on sum +t+at land +ta ferde se bisceop 
to sciregemote to Wigeranceastre & draf +t+ar his spr+ace.
<R 13>
+ta sealde Leofwine [{ealdorman{] & Hacun & Leofric & eal seo
scir his land cl+ane +ta he hit unforbodan
& unbesacan bohte & settan d+ag to +t+at man to +dam lande
scolde faran & +ta ilcan +te him +ar landgem+are
l+addon [{hit{] .
<R 16>
& cw+adan gif +da landgem+are ealswa w+aron swa man heo on
fruman l+adde +t+at se bisceop +t+at land fulriht
ahte.
<R 18>
+ta com se bisceop +t+arto & se +te him land sealde & +ta +te
him +ar to [{gewitnesse{] w+aron.
<R 20>
& com Wulfstan & his sunu & +ta +te hyra geferan w+aron.
& heo ealle +ta +ta landgem+are geridan eal swa heo man on
fruman +tam bisceope l+adde.
<R 22>
& heo ealle cw+adan +te +t+ar [{+at{] w+aron +t+at se bisceop
fulriht +t+at land ahte.
<R 23>
+ta se +t+ar geanwyrde w+as +te him land sealde.
<R 24>
Sp+acon +da Leofrices freond & Wulfstanes freond +t+at hit
betere w+are +t+at heora seht tog+adere [{wurde{] 
+tonne hy +anige [{sace{] hym betweonan heoldan.
<R 26>
[{Worhtan{] +ta hyra seht, +t+at w+as +t+at Leofric sealde
Wulfstane & his suna an 
<P 164>
pund & twegra +tegna a+d &
w+are himsylf +tridde +t+at he on [{+tam{] ilcan wolde beon
gehealden gif seo sp+ac to Leofrice eode swa swa
heo +ta w+as to Wulfstane gegan.
<R 30>
+tis w+as ure ealra seht.
<R 31>
Wulfstan & his sunu sealdon +ta +t+at land cl+ane Leofrice.
<R 32>
& Leofric & Wulfstan & Wulfric +tam bisceope cl+ane land &
unbesacan +ar d+age & +after to gyfanne +t+ar 
him leofost w+are.
<R 34>
Her swutela+d seo gewitnes & se borh +te +t+ar +at w+aron,
+t+at w+as +arest se bisceop & Leofric & Wulfstan
& Brihtwine & Cynsig & Wynstan & +agelwig munuc & +alwine
m+assepreost & +alm+ar m+assepreost & Wulfric 
m+assepreost & Cyneword +at Pebbewur+dy & +alewig & Eadwig his
m+ag & Wulfric +at Cloddesheale & S+aword +at
Uptuny & Wulfric +at Bynningtune & Wulfsig Madding & m+anig
god cniht toeacan +tysan.
<R 41>
Nu syndan +tissa gewrita +treo, an on Wigernaceastre +at
Sancta Marian +t+ar +t+at land toher+d & o+der on 
Hereforda +at Sancte +a+telbrihte & +tridde a mid +tam +te
+t+at land on hande stande.
<R 44>
God +almihtig +tone gehealde +te +tis wille rihtlice healdan.
<R 45>
& gif +anig man +tonne seo +te +tis awendan wille God
+almihtig & Sancta Maria & ealle his leofan halgan
+t+ane ani+derige +ag+t+ar ge her on life ge +t+ar he
l+angast wunian sceal buton he hit +te deoppor +ar 
[{gebete{] swa bisceop him t+ace.

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB87>
<N DOC ROB 87>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.3.53^]
<P 172>
<R 1>
   (\In nomine domini\) .
Ic Byrhteh biscop mid Godes ge+deahte & +t+as arwyr+dan
hiredes on Wigernaceastre & on ealre +t+ara 
+degena gewitnysse into Gl+aaweceastrescire, ic cy+te +t+at ic
gean Wulm+are minum cnihte twegra hida 
landes in Easttune for his godra gearnunge swa ful & swa for+d
swa he hit h+afde under Leofsige 
biscop.
<R 6>
& under me sy+d+tan h+abbe he & wel bruce +treora manna d+ag
to rihtere geyrsumnysse into +d+are halgan 
stowe to Wigernaceastre butan he hit forwyrce.
<R 8>
+d+as is to gewitnysse, se hired on Wigraceastre & on
Gl+aaweceastre & on Eofeshom & on 
Prescoran.

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB91>
<N DOC ROB 91>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
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<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.5.26^]
<P 174>
<R 1>
   Her ky+t on +tison gewrite +t+at Harold king let beridan
Sandwic of Cristes cyrcean him sylfan to 
handa & h+afde hit him wel neh twelf mona+d & twegen h+aringc
timan swa +teah fullice eall ongean 
Godes willan & agen ealra +tara halgena +te resta+d innon
Cristes cyrcean swa swa hit him sy+d+dan 
sorhlice +t+ar +after agiode.
<R 6>
& amanc [{+tisan{] si+tan si+de wear+d +Alfstan abbod +at
sancte Augustine & begeat mid his smehwrencan & 
mid his golde & seolfre eall dyrnuncga +at Steorran +te +ta 
w+as +t+as kinges r+adesmann +t+at him gewear+d se
+tridda penig of +t+are tolne on Sandwic.
<R 9>
+ta 
<P 176>
ger+adde Eadsige arcebiscop +ta he +tis wiste & eall se
hired +at Cristes cyrcean betweonan heom +t+at
man sende +Alfgar munuc of Cristes cyrcean to Harolde kingce.
<R 12>
& w+as se king +ta binnan Oxanaforde swy+te geseocled swa
+t+at he l+ag orwene his lifes +ta w+as Lyfingc 
biscop of Defenanscire mid +tam kincge & +tancred munuc mid
him.
<R 15>
+ta com Cristes cyrcean sand to +tam biscop & he for+d +ta to
+tam kincge & +Alfgar munuc mid him & 
Oswerd +at Hergerdesham & +tancred & s+adon +tam kinge +t+at he
h+afde swy+de agylt wi+d Crist +t+at he +afre 
sceolde niman +anig +ting of Cristes cyrcean +te his 
foragengceon dydon +tiderinn.
<R 19>
S+adon +tam kinge +ta embe Sandwic +t+at hit w+as him to handa
geriden.
<R 20>
+ta l+ag se king & asweartode eall mid +tare sage & swor
sy+t+tan under God +almihtine & under ealle 
halgan +tarto +t+at hit n+afre n+as na his r+ad na his d+ad 
+t+at man sceolde +afre Sandwic don ut of Cristes 
cyrcean.
<R 24>
+ta w+as so+dlice gesyne +t+at hit w+as o+dra manna ge+teaht
n+as na Haroldes kinges & so+dlice +Alfstanes 
abbodes r+ad w+as mid +tam mannan +te hit of Cristes cyrcean ut
ger+addon.
<R 26>
+ta sende Harold king +Alfgar munuc agen to +tam arcebiscop
Eadsige & to eallon Cristes cyrcean 
munecan & grette hig ealle Godes gretincge & his & het +t+at 
hig sceoldan habban Sandwic into Cristes 
cyrcean swa full & swa for+d swa hig hit +afre h+afdon on 
+anies kinges d+age ge on gafole ge on streame ge 
on strande ge on witun ge on eallon +tam +tingan +te hit +afre
+anig king fyrmest h+afde +atforan him.
<R 33>
+ta +Alfstan abbod +tis ofaxode +ta com he to Eadsige
arcebiscop & b+ad hine fultumes to +tam hirode 
embe +tone +triddan penig.
<R 35>
& hi begen +ta to eallon gebro+tran & b+adon +tone hired +t+at
+Alfstan abbod moste beon +t+as +triddan 
peniges wur+de of +t+are tolne & gyfan +tam hirede X 
pundan.
<R 37>
Ac hy forwyrndon heom ealle tog+adere endemes +t+at he hit na
sceolde n+afre gebidan & w+as +teah Eadsige
arcebiscop swi+dor his fultum +tonne +t+as hiredes.
<R 39>
& +ta he ne mihte na for+d hermid +ta gyrnde he +t+at he moste
macian fornan gen Mildry+te +aker +anne 
hwerf wi+d +tone wodan to werianne.
<R 42>
Ac eall se hired him forwyrnde +t+as for+d ut mid ealle 
<P 178>
& se
arcebiscop Eadsige let hit eall to heora
agene r+ade.
<R 43>
+ta gewear+d se abbod +Alfstan +at mid micelan fultume & let
delfon +at Hyppeles fleote an mycel gedelf
& wolde +t+at scipryne sceolde +t+arinne licgean eall swa hig
dydon on Sandwic.
<R 46>
Ac him na speow nan +tingc +t+aron for+tam he swing+d eall on
idel +te swinc+d ongean Cristes willan.
<R 48>
& se abbod let hit eall +tus & se hired fengc to heora agenan
on Godes gewitnesse & sancta Marian &
ealra +tara halgena +te resta+d innan Cristes cyrcean & +at
sancte Augustine.
<R 50>
+tis is eall so+d gelyfe se +te wylle.
<R 51>
Na gebad +Alfstan abbod n+afre on nanan o+tre wisan +tone
+triddan penig of Sandwic.
<R 52>
Godes bletsung si mid us eallon a on ecnysse, amen.

<Q O3 XX DOC ROB94>
<N DOC ROB 94>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
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[^B15.3.52^]
<P 180>
<R 1>
   In ures Drihtnes naman H+alendes Cristes, ic Leofinc bisceop
mid +tafunge & leafe Hear+dacnutes 
cynges & +t+as arwur+tan hiredes +at Wigornaceastre ge iunges 
ge ealdes gebocige sumne d+al landes minan 
holdan & getreowan +tegene +tam is +Agelric nama.
<R 5>
II hida +at Eadmunddescotan h+abbe he & wel bruce for his
eadmodre gehersumnysse & for his 
licwur+dan sceatte, +t+at is +t+at he hit h+abbe & well bruce 
his d+ag & +after his d+age twam erfewardum +tan+de 
him leofest sy & him betst to geearnian wylle.
<R 9>
& he hit h+abbe to freon +alces +tinges butan wallgeweorce &
brygcgeweorce & ferdsocne.
<R 10>
God +almihtig +tone gehealde +te +tas ure sylena & ure
ger+adnyssa healdan wylle on +alce healfe.
<R 12>
Gif +anig +tonne sy uppahofen & inblawen on +ta oferhyda
+t+are ge+attredan deofles lare & wylle +tas 
ure sylena gewemman o+d+de gewonian on +anigum +tingum wite
he hine amansumadne mid Annaniam & 
Saphiram on ece forwyrd butan he hit her +ar wur+dlice gebete 
Gode & mannum.
<R 17>
+dis w+as gedon +ty geare +te w+as agan fram Cristes gebyrtide
an +tusend wintra & twa & XLII wintra.
<R 18>
+dis is seo gewitnes, +t+at is Hear+tacnut cyng & +Alfgeofu
his modor & Lyfing biscop & eall se hired
on Wigraceastre & +Alfward biscop & se hired on Eofeshomme &
Godwine abbod & se hired on 
Wincelcumbe & Leofric eorl & ealle +ta +tegenas on 
Wigraceastrescire ge englisce ge denisce.

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[^B15.5.30^]
<P 188>
<R 1>
   Her swutela+d on +tisum gewrite embe +ta forewyrd +te
+Agelric worhte wi+d Eadsige arcebisceop +at +tam 
lande +at Cert +te Ceolno+d arcebisceop gebohte +at H+ale+tan
+tam +tegene mid his agenan sceatte & 
A+telulf cing hit gebocode Ceolno+te arcebisceope on ece yrfe.
<R 5>
+tis synd +t+anne +ta forewyrd +t+at +Agelric h+abbe +t+at
land +at Cert his d+ag & +after his d+age ga +t+anne +t+at
land +tam arcebisceope Eadsige on hand swa gegodod swa heom
bam gerisan mage.
<R 8>
& sy+d+dan heora begra d+ag agan si, +Agelrices & +t+as
arcebisceopes Eadsiges, +t+anne ga +tis foresprecene
land into Cristes cyricean mid mete & mid mannan eal swa hit
stande for +Agelrices sawle & for 
Eadsiges arcebisceopes +tam Godes +teowan to fostre & to scrude
+te +t+arinne Godes lof dreogan sceolan 
d+ages & nihtes.
<R 13>
& +Agelric gif+d +ta landboc +te +t+arto gebyre+d on his life
Criste & +tam hirede him to ecere +almessan &
bruce +Agelric & Esbearn his sunu +tara o+dra landa heora
twegra d+ag to +tam ilcan forewyrdan +te 
+Agelno+d arcebisceop & +Agelric +ar geworhtan, +t+at is 
Stuting & Melentun & se haga binnan port +te +Agelric 
himsylfan getimbrod h+afde.
<R 18>
& +after heora twegra d+age fo se arcebisceop Eadsige +t+arto
gyf he leng libbe +t+anne hi o+d+de loc hwa 
his +aftergencga +t+anne beo butan sum heora freonda +ta land
fur+tor on +t+as arcebisceopes gemede ofgan 
mage to rihtan gafole o+d+de to o+tran forewyrdan swa hit man
+t+anne findan mage wi+d +tone arcebisceop +te
+tanne libbe.
<R 24>
& +tises is to gewitnesse, Eadweard cyncg & +Alfgyfu seo
hl+afdige & +Alfwine biscop & Stigand biscop &
Godwine biscop & Godric decanus & eal se hired +at Cristes
cyricean & Wulfric abbud & eal se hired
+at sancte Augustine & +Alfwine abbud & Siweard abbud &
Wulno+d abbot & Godwine eorl & Leofric eorl &
Atsur roda & +Alfstan steall+are & Eadm+ar +at Burhham &
Godric +at Burnan & +Alfwine se reada & m+anig 
man +t+artoeacan ge gehadude ge l+awede binnan burgan & butan.
<R 31>
& gif +anig 
<P 190>
man on uferan dagan gehadud o+d+de l+awede +tisne
cwyde wille awendan awende hine God 
+almihtig hr+adlice of +tisan l+anan life into helle wite & 
+t+ar a wunige mid eallan +tam deoflan +te seo 
la+dlice wunung bet+aht is buton he +te deoppor hit gebete +ar
his ende wi+d Crist sylfne & wi+d +tone hired.
<R 36>
Nu synd +tissa gewrita +treo an is innan Cristes cyricean &
o+ter +at sancte Augustine & +t+at +tridde 
h+af+d +Agelric mid him sylfan.

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[^B15.5.32^]
<P 192>
<R 1>
   Her swutela+d on +tisum gewrite hu Godric +at Burnan begeat
+t+at land +at Offaham.
<R 2>
+t+at is +donne +t+at he sealde Eadgyuan his sweostor an marc
goldes & XIII pundan & LXIII penega on
geceapodne ceap to gyfanne & to syllanne on d+age & +after
d+age +tam +te him leofust sy.
<R 5>
+tes ceap w+as geceapod on Wii +atforan ealra scyre.
+tises is to gewitnesse, Eadsige arcebiscop & Siward biscop &
Godric decanus & eall se hired +at 
Cristes cyricean & Wulfric abbod & se hired +at sancte 
Augustine & +Agelric bygga & +Turgar +Alfgares sunu
& Eadric +Alfrices sunu & Osweard +at Hergeardesham & Leofwine
preost & Godric portgerefa & Wulfsige
+t+as cynges gerefa & manig god mann +tarto.
<R 11>
Nu synd +tissa gewrita +treo, an is +at Cristes cyricean &
o+ter +at sancte Augustine & +tridde h+af+d 
Godric mid him.

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[^B15.6.6^]
<P 30>
<R 1>
Her is on sio swutelung hu +Alfhelm his are & his +ahta
geuadod h+af+d for Gode & for wurulde.
<R 2>
+t+at is +tonne +arest his hlaforde an hund mancosa goldes &
twa swurd & feorwer scyldas & feower speru
& feower hors, twa ger+adode, twa unger+adode.
<R 5>
& he gean for his sawle +t+as landes +at Wr+attincge into
sancte +A+teldry+de buton +tam twam hydon +te +A+telric 
h+af+d.
<R 7>
& ic gean +t+as landes +at Brycandune into sancte Petre to
Westmenstre buton ic wylle +t+at man m+aste minum 
wiue twa hund swyna +t+anne +t+ar m+asten sy +tider hire
leouest sy.
<R 9>
& ic gean +Alfgare minum suna +t+as landes +at Hwipstede &
+t+as +at Wealtune his d+ag & +after his d+age ga 
hyt for uncra begra sawle +tider him leouest sy.
<R 12>
& ic cy+te hw+at ic minum wiue to 
<P 32>
morgengyue sealde, +t+at is
Beadewan & Burgestede & Str+atford & +ta +treo 
hyda +at Heanhealan.
<R 14>
& ic gef hire +ta wyt +arest tog+adere comon +ta twa hyda +at
Wilburgeham & +at Hr+agenan & +t+at +t+arto li+d.
<R 16>
& ic gean hire Carletunes & ic gean hire +t+as heauodbotles
+at Gyrstlinga+torpe & ealra +tara +ahta +te +t+aron 
standa+d mid mete & mid mannum buton ic gean Godrice &
minre dehter healues +t+as landes be wuda 
& be felda buton +tam +te ic minum preoste gean.
<R 20>
& ic gean minum wiue & minre dehter healues +t+as landes +at
Cunningtune to gedale buton +tam feower hydon 
+te ic +A+telrice & Alfwolde gean & +ta healuan hyde +te
ic gean Osm+are minum cnihte.
<R 23>
& ic gean +Alfm+are & his bre+der +Alfstane +tara twegra landa
to gedale +at H+attanlea & +at Pottune buton
+tam +te ic Osgare gean.
<R 25>
& ic gean Godere +t+as +te ic +at Wimunde gebohte.
<R 26>
& ic gean Leofsige Lytlanbyrig +after minum d+age on +t+at
gerad +te +t+at stande +te wyt beforan +tan ealdormen lucan.
<R 28>
& ic gean him & his wiue +t+as landes +at Stoctune wi+d an
hund mancosa goldes & ic wylle +t+at man selle
minum hlaforde +t+at gold to minum heregeatum.
<R 30>
& ic gean minum +trym bro+tron to gedale +t+as landes +at
Trostingtune buton +tam +te ic gean Alfwolde +t+as
+te +A+telric h+afde.
<R 33>
& ic gean +Alfhelme +t+are hyde +at Icelingtune & +t+as +at
Mawyr+te & ic gean Wulfm+are +t+as +te ic +at Byornham 
h+afde.
<R 35>
& ic gean minre sc+a+de for mire sawle into Hramesege, healfe
+tan abbode & healue +tam hirede.
<R 36>
& ic gean minum wiue healues +t+as stodes +at Trostingtune &
minan geferan healues +te me mid rida+d.
<R 38>
& fo min wif to healuan +te on wealde is & min dohter to
healuan.
<R 39>
& ic wylle +t+at min wif fo +afre to healfan +ahtan on +alcon
tune fo to lande se +te fo swa hio to forgyuen w+as.
<R 41>
Nu bydde ic +te leof hlaford +t+at min cwyde standan mote &
+t+at +tu ne ge+tauige +t+at hine man mid wuo wende.
<R 42>
God is min 
<P 34>
gewyta, ic w+as +tinum f+ader swa gehyrsum swa ic
fyrmest myhte & fullice hold on mode & on
m+agene & +te +afre on fullon hyldon hold & on fulre luue,
+t+as me is god gewyta.
<R 46>
Se man se +te minne cwyde wende buton +tu hyt sy, leof, & ic
h+abbe geleauan +t+at +tu nelle, God afyrre 
hine of his rice buton he +te hra+tor ongen wende.
<R 48>
& God & ealle his halgan gehealde +acne +tara +te +t+arto
gefyr+tryge +t+at he standan mote.
<R 50>
Gif hwa +afre +anig +tinc of +tysum cwyde awende o+t+te
+atbrede sy him Godes ar & his ece edlean +afre +atbroden 
& he n+afre ne wur+te on his myltse gemet ac he sy
amansumod of +tam gemanan ealra gecorenra Cristes 
heapa, ge nu ge on ecnysse, buton he +te hr+adlicor +t+at
forl+ate & on riht eac eft gewende.

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[^B15.6.19^]
<P 42>
<R 1>
Her cy+d +a+teric on +tissum gewrite hwam he geann ofor his
d+aig +t+ara +ahta +te him God al+aned h+af+d.
<R 2>
+t+at is +arest sona minum hlaforde syxti mancusa goldes &
mines swyrdes mid fetele & +tarto twa hors &
twa targan & twegen francan.
<R 4>
& ic geann Leofwynne minan wife ealles +t+as +te ic l+afe hire
d+aig & ofor hire d+ag gange +t+at land on Boccinge 
into Cristes circean +tam hirede for uncera saule &
for mines f+ader +te hit +ar begeat, eall buton 
anre hide ic gean into +t+are cyrcean +tam preoste +te
+tar Gode +teowa+t.
<R 9>
& ic geann +t+as landes +at R+agene be westan into sancte
Paule +tam bisceope to to geleohtenne & +tar on
Godes folce cristendom to d+alenne.
<R 11>
& ic geann +tarto twegra hida +te Eadric gafela+t +alce geare
mid healfum punde & mid anre garan.
<R 13>
& ic geann be eastan str+ate +ag+ter ge wudas ge feldas
+alfstane bisceope into Coppanforde & +t+as heges on Gl+asne.
<R 14>
& ic geann +t+as landes +at Nor+dho healf into sancte Gregorie
on Su+tbyrig & healf into sancte Eadmunde
on Bedericeswyr+te.
<R 16>
Nu bidde ic +tone bisceop +alfstan +t+at he amundige mine lafe
& +ta +tincg +te ic hyre l+afe & gif him God
lifes geunne lencg +tonne unc +t+at he gefultumige +t+at +alc
+tara +tinga stande +te ic gecweden h+abbe.

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[^B15.6.47^]
<P 54>
<R 1>
+tis is Wulfgates gecwide +at Dunnintune.
+t+at is +tonne +t+at he geann +arest Gode his sawelsc+attas,
+t+at is I hid +at T+ardebicgan & I pund penega 
& VI & twentig freotmonna for his sawle & into Wigerac+astre
an bry+ten mealtes healf of Dunnintune healf 
of Cylleshale & into sancte +A+telbrihte healfes pundes
weor+d & into sancte Gu+dlace healfes pundes 
weor+d & into Leomynstre IIII aldhry+dra & into Bromgearde
I hry+der o+der into Cliftune & into Heantune 
IIII hry+dra & to Pencric II hry+dra & into Tweongan
II hry+dra.
<R 9>
& he geann forgifnesse +alcan +tara +te wi+d hine agylt h+abbe
for his sawle +tearfe.
<R 10>
& he geann anes geares gafol his monnum to gyfe.
<R 11>
Swa heo +ta are brucon swa heo +ta +almessan gel+astan +ta
+der to londe fo+d.
<R 12>
& he geann his hlaforde II hors & II sweord & IIII
scyldas & IIII spera & X m+aran mid X coltan.
<R 14>
& he bit his hlaford for Godes lufan +t+at he beo his wifes
freond & his dohter.
<R 15>
& he ann his wife +t+as landes +at Cylleshale & +at Eowniglade
& +at Hrodene +ta hwile hire d+ag beo.
<R 17>
& ofer hire d+ag ga +t+at land eft in min cynn +ta +d+ar
nehste syn.
<R 18>
& Wulfgyfe minre dohter +t+at land +at Dunnintune swa hit
stont & +at +tornbyrig +t+at land +te w+as mid hire 
moder golde geboht +at Leofno+de & Wulfgyfe suna mire dohter
+t+at land 
<P 56>
+at Ingewyr+de & Wilflede minre
dohter +ta o+dre hide +at T+ardebicgan & +Alfilde mire magan
+ta hide beneo+tan wuda eall swa wit on wedd gesealdon.
<R 23>
& gif ic lengc beo +tonne heo +tonne h+abbe ic +t+at land +at
Wrotteslea.
<R 24>
& ealle +ta +de to mire ahte fon gylde Brune XX mancses
goldes.
<R 25>
& ic geann him VI m+aran.
<R 26>
mid VI coltan to +tance.
& +ta hors +ta +te +t+ar to hlafe beon mine wife & minre
dohtran eallum gelice fela.
<R 27>
& +teo wellinc +at +t+are wic into Dunnintune.
<R 28>
& +A+telsige, leof, cy+d +tis mine hlaforde & ealle mine
freondum.

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[^B15.6.20^]
<P 56>
<R 1>
On Godes +almihtiges naman.
Ic +a+testan +a+teling geswutelige on +tysum gewrite hu ic
mine are & mine +ahta geunnen h+abbe Gode to lofe 
& minre saule to alysednysse & mines f+ader +a+telredes
cynges +te ic hit +at geearnode.
<R 4>
+t+at is +arest +t+at ic geann +t+at man gefreoge +alcne
witef+astne mann +te ic on spr+ace ahte.
<R 6>
& ic geann in mid me +t+ar ic me reste Criste & sancte petre
+t+as landes +at Eadburgebyrig +te ic gebohte 
+at minan f+ader mid twam hund mancosan goldes be gewihte &
mid V pundan seolfres.
<R 9>
& +t+at land +at Merelafan +te ic gebohte +at minum f+ader mid
+tridde healf hund mancosan goldes be gewihte 
& +t+at land +at Mordune +t+at min f+ader me to let ic gean
into +t+are stowe for uncer begra saule.
<R 12>
& ic hine +t+as bidde for Godes lufan & for sancta Marian &
for sancte Petres +t+at hit standan mote.
<R 14>
& +t+as swurdes mid +tam sylfrenan hiltan +te Wulfric worhte &
+tone gyldenan fetels & +t+ane beh +te Wulfric 
worhte & +tone drencehorn +te ic +ar +at +tam hirede
gebohte on ealdan mynstre.
<R 17>
& ic wille +t+at man nime +t+at feoh +te A+telwoldes laf me ah
to gyldene +te ic for hyre are gesceoten 
<P 58>
h+abbe 
& bet+ace +alfsige bisceope into ealdan mynstre for mine
saule, +t+at synd XII pund be getale.
<R 20>
& ic geann into Cristes cyrican on Cantwarabyrig +t+as landes
+at Holungaburnan & +t+as +te +t+arto hyr+d buton 
+t+are anre sulunge +te ic Sifer+de geunnen h+abbe & +t+as
landes +at Garwaldintune.
<R 23>
& ic ann +t+as landes +at Hry+derafelda into nunnan mynstre
Sancta Marian +tances & +anne sylfrene mele on 
fif pundon & into niwan mynstre +anne sylfrene hwer on fif
pundon on +t+are halgan +trymnesse naman +te 
seo stow is forehalig.
<R 27>
& ic geann to Sceaftenesbyrig to +t+are halgan rode & to
sancte Eadwearde +tara VI punda +te ic Eadmunde 
minon bre+der gewissod h+abbe.
<R 30>
& ic geann minon f+ader +a+telr+ade cynge +t+as landes +at
Cealhtune buton +tam ehta hidan +te ic +alm+are minon 
cnihte geunnennen h+abbe & +t+as landes +at Nor+dtune &
+t+as landes +at Mollintune & +t+as seolferhiltan 
swurdes +te Ulfcytel ahte & +t+are byrnan +te mid Mork+are is
& +t+as horses +te +turbrand me geaf & +t+as hwitan 
horses +te Leofwine me geaf.
<R 35>
& ic geann Eadmunde minon bre+der +t+as swurdes +te Offa cyng
ahte & +t+as swurdes mid +tam pyttedan hiltan 
& anes brandes & +anne seolforhammenne bl+adhorn & +tara
landa +te ic ahte on East Englan & +t+as landes 
+at Peacesdele.
<R 39>
& ic wylle +t+at mon gel+aste +alce geare ane d+agfeorme +tam
hirede into Elig of +tysse are on Sancte +a+teldry+de 
m+assed+ag & gesylle +t+ar to mynstre an hund penega &
gefede +t+ar on +tone d+ag C +tearfena & sy +afre 
seo +almesse gel+ast gearhwamlice age land se +te age +ta
hwile +te Cristendom stande.
<R 44>
& gif +ta nella+d +ta +almessan gefor+dian +te +ta land
habba+d gange seo ar into sancte +a+teldry+de.
<R 45>
& ic geann Eadwige minon bre+der anes seolforhiltes swurdes.
<R 46>
& ic geann +alfsige bisceope +t+are gyldenan rode +te is mid
Eadrice Wynfl+ade suna & anne blacne stedan.
<R 48>
& ic geann +alm+are +t+as landes +at Hamelandene +te he +ar
ahte.
<R 49>
& ic bidde minne 
<P 60>
f+ader fur Godes +almihtiges lufan & fur
minon +t+at he +t+as geunne +te ic him geunnen h+abbe.
<R 51>
& ic geann Godwine Wulfno+des suna +t+as landes +at Cumtune
+te his f+ader +ar ahte.
<R 53>
& ic geann +alfswy+de minre fostermeder for hire myclon
geearnungon +t+as landes +at Westune +te ic gebohte 
+at minon f+ader mid +tridde healf hund mancusan goldes be
gewihte.
<R 56>
& ic gean +alfwine minon m+assepreoste +t+as landes +at
Heorulfestune & +t+as malswurdes +te Wi+der ahte & mines 
horses mid minon ger+adon.
<R 58>
& ic geann +alm+are minon disc+tene +tara ehta hida +at
Cateringatune & anes fagan stedan & +t+as sceardan
swurdes & mines targan.
<R 60>
& ic geann Sifer+de +t+as landes +at Hocganclife & anes
swurdes & anes horses & mines bohscyldes.
<R 62>
& ic geann +a+telwerde Stameran & Lyfingce +t+as landes +at
Tywingan.
<R 63>
& ic ann Leofstane Leofwines bre+der Cwattes +t+are landare
+te ic of his bre+der nam.
<R 64>
& ic geann Leomm+are +at Biggrafan +t+as landes +te ic him +ar
of nam.
<R 65>
& ic geann Godwine Dreflan +tara +treora hida +at
Lutegaresheale.
<R 67>
& ic geann Eadrice Wynfl+ade Sunu +t+as swurdes +te seo hand
is on gemearcod.
<R 68>
& ic geann +a+telwine minon cnihte +t+as swurdes +te he me +ar
sealde.
<R 69>
& ic geann +alfno+de minon swurdhwitan +t+as sceardan
malswurdes & minon heardeorhunton +t+as stodes +te is 
on Colungahrycge.
<R 71>
& gehealde mon of minon golde +alfric +at Bertune & Godwine
Drefelan +at swa miclon swa Eadmund min bro+dor 
wat +t+at ic heom mid rihte to gyldanne ah.
<R 74>
Nu +tancige ic minon f+ader mid ealre eadmodnesse on Godes
+almihtiges naman +t+are andsware +te he me sende 
on friged+ag +after middessumeres m+assed+age be +alfgare
+alffan suna.
<R 77>
+t+at w+as +t+at he me cydde mines f+ader worde +t+at ic moste
be Godes leafe & be his geunnan minre are & 
minra +ahta swa me m+ast r+ad +tuhte +ag+der ge for Gode ge
for worulde.
<P 62>
<R 80>
& +tysse andsware is to gewitnesse Eadmund min bro+dor &
+alfsige bisceop & Byrhtm+ar abbod & +alm+ar +alfrices sunu.
<R 82>
Nu bidde ic ealle +ta witan +te minne cwyde gehyron r+adan
+ag+der ge gehadode ge l+awede +t+at hi beon on 
fultume +t+at min cwyde standan mote swa mines f+ader leaf on
minon cwyde st+ant.
<R 85>
Nu cy+de ic +t+at ealle +ta +tingc +te ic to Gode into Godes
cyrican & Godes +teowan geunnen h+abbe sy gedon 
for mines leofan f+ader sawle +a+telredes cyncges & for
minre & +alf+try+de minre ealdemodor +te me afedde 
& for ealra +tara +te me to +tyson godan gefylstan.
<R 89>
& se +te +tysne cwyde +turh +anig +tingc awende habbe him wi+d
God +almihtigne gem+ane & wi+d Sancta Marian 
& wi+d Sancte Peter & wi+d ealle +ta +te Godes naman heria+d.

<Q O3 XX DOC WHIT30>
<N DOC WHITEL 30>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.6.44^]
<P 78>
<R 1>
Her cy+d on +tisan gewritu +t+at +turstan geann +t+as landes
+at Wimbisc into Xpes cyrcean for his sawle
& for Leofware & for +a+telgy+de +tam hirede to fostre
+after +turstanes d+age & +after +a+delgy+te.
<R 4>
& +alcon geare an pund to fulre sutelunge +ta hwile +te we
libban.
<R 5>
& gel+aste se hired +at Xpes cyrcean swa hw+ader swa he wille
+tam hirede into sancte Augustine, +te twelf 
pund be getale o+d+de twa hida.
<R 7>
+tis syndon +ta gewitnysse +t+as cwydes, Eadwerd kyncg &
+Alfgifu seo hl+afdige & Eadsige arcebiscop & Godwine 
eorl & Leofric eorl & +Alfw+ard biscop on Lundene &
+Alfwine biscop on Winceastre & Stigand preost 
& Eadwold preost & Leofcild scirgerefa & Osulf Fila & Ufic
& +Alfwine Wulfredes sunu & +Alfric Wihtgares 
sunu & ealle +ta +tegenas on Eastsexan.
<R 13>
& beon heora menn frige +after heora beira d+age.
& na stinge nan mann +after heora d+age on +t+at land buton se
hired +at Xpes circean & yrfan hi swa hi wyr+de witan.
<R 15>
& +tissera gewritu syndan +treo, an is +at Xpes cyrcean, o+ter
+at sancte Augustine & +tridde bi+t mid heom sylfan.




<B COLACNU>
<Q O2/3 IS HANDM LACN>
<N LACNUNGA>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB MEDICINE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  LACNUNGA.
ANGLO-SAXON MAGIC AND MEDICINE,
ILLUSTRATED SPECIALLY FROM THE SEMI-PAGAN
TEXT 'LACNUNGA'.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE WELLCOME HISTORICAL
MEDICAL MUSEUM, N.S. 3.
ED. J. H. G. GRATTAN AND C. SINGER.
LONDON: RICHARD WEST, 1972 (1952).
PP. 96.1  - 106.3   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 108.3 - 124.14  (SAMPLE 2)^]
  
<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B21.3^]
<P 96>
<R 1.1>
[{Wi+d{] heafodwr+ace, genim hamorwyrt & efenlastan
ny+dowearde, cnuca, lege on cla+d, gnid in w+ater, gnid swi+de
+t+at heo sy eall gele+dred, +tweah mid +ty lea+dre
+t+at heafod gelome.
<R 2.1>
Wi+d heafodwr+ace, hindh+ale+da & grundeswylgean & f+ancyrsan
& gi+drifan wyl in w+atere, l+at reocan in
+ta eagan +ta hwile hy hate synd, & ymb +da eagan gnid mid
+tam wyrtum swa hatum.
<R 3.1>
Wi+d heafodw+arce, betan wyrtruman, cnuca mid hunige, awring,
do +t+at seaw on +t+at neb, gelicge upweard wi+d hatre sunnan,
& ahoh +t+at heafod ny+terweard o+d+d+at seo ex sy gesoht,
h+abbe him +ar on mu+de buteran o+d+de ele, asitte +tonne
uplang, hnige +tonne for+d, l+ate flowan of +t+an nebbe +ta
gilstre, do +t+at gelome o+d+d+at hyt cl+ane sy.
<R 4.1>
To heafodsealfe & to ehsealfe, aluwan, gegnid in eced, smyre
+t+at heafod mid & in +ta eagan do.
<P 98>
<R 5.1>
Eahsealf, win & piper, do in horn, & in +ta eagan +tonne +tu
+de restan wille.
<R 6.1>
Eahsealf, genim streawberian [{ny+tewearde{] & pipor, do in
cla+d, bebind, lege on gesweted win, drype of +tan cla+de
+anne dropan in +ag+der eage.
<R 7.1>
Gif eagan forsetene beo+d, genim hr+afnes geallan &
hwitm+aringc, wudulehtric & leaxes geallan, do tosomne, dryp
on +t+at eage +turh linh+awenne cla+d & gehw+ade arodes woses,
+tonne waca+d +t+at eage.
<R 8.1>
+tis [{is{] seo seleste eahsealf, nim doran hunig & foxes
smero & rahdeores mearh, m+ang tosomne.
<R 9.1>
Gif poc sy on eagan, nim m+arcsapan & hinde meolc, m+ang
tosomne & [^TORONTO CORPUS: & &^] swingc, l+at standan o+d
hit sy hluttor, nim +tonne +t+at hluttre, do on +da eagan,
mid godes fultume he sceal aweg.
<R 10.1>
+tis is seo +a+deleste eahsealf, wi+d eahwyrce & wi+d miste,
& wi+d w+anne, & wi+d weormum, & wi+d gic+dan,
& wi+d tyrendum eagan, & wi+d +alcum uncu+dum geswelle,
genim feferfugian blosman & +dunorcl+afran blosman & dyles
blosman & hamorwyrte blosman & twegra cynna wyrmod &
pollegian & neo+dowearde lilian & h+awene hnydelan & lufestice
& dolhrunan, & geporta +da wyrta tosomne,
<P 100>
& awyll on heortes mearge o+d+de on his smerwe, & menge, do
+donne on tela micel in +da eagan & smere utan & wyrm to fyre,
& +deos sealf deah wi+d +aghwylcum geswelle to +dicganne & to
smergenne, on swa hwylcum lime swa hit on bi+d.
<R 11.1>
Wi+d hwostan, nim huniges tear & merces s+ad & diles s+ad,
cnuca [{+ta{] s+ad smale, m+ang [{+dicce{] wi+d +done
tear, & pipera swi+de, nim +dry sticcan fulle on
[{nihtnihstig{] .
<R 12.1>
Wi+d eagena dymnesse, nim wulfes camb neo+deweardne & lege on
hunig +dreo niht, nim +tonne & wipa +t+at
hunig of, cnuca +tonne an sticce +d+are [{wyrte{] , wring
+tonne +durh linh+awenne cla+d on +t+at eage.
<R 13.1>
Gif eagan tyran, genim grene rudan, cnuca smale & wes mid
doran hunige o+d+de mid dunhunige, wring +turh linenne
cla+d on +t+at eage swa lange swa him +dearf sy.
<R 14.1>
Se man se +de bi+t on healsoman, nime healswyrt & wudamerce &
wudafillan, & streawbergean wisan, &
eofor+trotan & garclifan, & isenheardan butan +alcan isene
genumen, & +a+delfer+d+tincwyrt & cneowholen
& bradbisceopwyrt & brunwyrt, gesomnige ealle +tas wyrta
tog+adere +trim nihtan +ar sumor on tun ga,
+alcre efenmicel, & gewyrce to dr+ance on wyliscan eala+t, &
+tonne on [{niht{] +tonne sumor on tun g+a+d on mergen, +tonne
sceal se man wacyan ealle +ta niht, +te +done drenc drincan
wile, & [{+tonne{] coccas crawan forman sy+de +tonne drince he
+ane, o+tre si+de +tonne d+ag & niht scade, +triddan si+de
+tonne sunne upga, & reste hine sy+t+tan.
<R 15.1>
+tis is seo grene sealf, betonica, rude, lufestice, finol,
saluie, +a+delfer+tincwyrt, sauine, helde,
galluces moran, slarige, merce,
<P 102>
cearfille, hr+amnes fot, mugwyrt, organa, melde,
quinquefolium, ualeriane, clate, medewyrt, dweorgedwoslan,
pipeneale, solsequium, biscupwyrt, h+asel, quice, hegecliue,
grundeswylie, brocminte & o+tre mintan, cicena mete, gagel,
hegehymele, cost, eor+dnafala, hnutbeames leaf, lauberge,
cymen, ele, weax.
<R 16.1>
Wi+d adle, nim [{+treo{] leaf gageles on gewylledre mealtre
meolce, syle +try morhgenas drincan.
<R 17.1>
Wi+d heafodece, rude & dweorgedwosle & betan more & wuduroue,
nim ealra euenmicel swa +du m+age mid
+tinan scitefingre to +tinum +duman befon, cnuca hy smale, &
mylt buteran & do of eall +t+at fule & do
on cl+ane pannan, & awyl+da wyrta +t+aron wel, & wring +durh
cla+d, do ele to, gif +du begytan m+age, &
smyre his heafod mid, +t+ar hit acy.
<R 18.1>
Sealf wi+d fleogendum attre & f+arspryngum, nim hamorwyrte
handfulle & m+age+dan handfulle & wegbr+adan handfulle, &
eadoccan moran, sece +da +te fleotan wille, +t+are +deah
l+ast, & cl+anes huniges ane +agscylle fulle, nim +tonne
cl+ane buteran, +trywa gemylte +de +ta sealfe midweorcean
wile, singe man ane m+assan ofer +dam wyrtum +ar man hy
tosomne do & +ta sealfe wyrce.
<R 19.1>
Wi+d +done [{bledendan{] fic, nim murran +da wyrt, &
[{ceorf{] of nygan penegas & do on +alcne hunig, & +dige +da
on +afen, & eft o+dre
<P 104>
nygan on mergen, & do swa nigon dagas & IX niht butan
+de ra+dor bot cume.
[^FIVE LINES OF LATIN OMITTED^]
<R 21.1>
Cardiacus hatte seo adl +de man swi+de sw+ate+d on, [{on{] hy
man sceal wyrcean utyrnende dr+anceas & him
wyrcean cli+dan toforan his heafde & to his breostan, genim
grene rudan leaf, scearfa smale & cnuca swi+de, & beren meala
gesyft do +d+arto, & swetedne [{eced{] , wyrc to cli+dan & do
on +ticne cla+d & bind on +treo niht & +try dagas, do eft
niwne to, & drince seoca of br+amelberian gewrungene oft.
<R 22.1>
Sing +dis wi+d to+dece, sy+d+dan sunne beo on setle, swi+de
oft, (\caio laio quaque uoaque ofer s+aloficia\) sleah manna
wyrm, nemne her +tone man & his [{f+ader{] , cwe+d +tonne,
(\lilumenne\) +ace+d +t+at ofer eall +tonne ali+d, [{cola+d{]
+tonne hit on eor+dan hatost byrne+d, (\finit, amen\) .
<R 23.1>
Wi+d +done dropan, iue & fifleafe, n+adderwyrt & hl+adderwyrt
& eor+dgeallan, wyrc +das wyrta on h+arfeste & [{scearfa{] hy
smale & drige hy, & [{heald{] hy ofer winter, & nytta hy
+tonne +de +dearf sy, wylle hy on eala+d.
<P 106>
<R 24.1>
Wi+d geswel, genim lilian moran & ellenes spryttinge &
porleaces leaf, & scearfa swi+de smale & cnuca swi+de, & do
on +dicne cla+d, & bind on.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 108>
<R 28.1>
Wi+d +don +de mon attor gedrince, nim marubian s+ad, m+angc
wi+d wine, syle drincan.
<R 29.1>
+tis is se halga dr+anc wi+d +alfsidene & wi+d eallum feondes
costungum, writ on husldisce, (\In principio erat uerbum usque
non conprehenderunt, et plura et circumibat iesus totam
galileam docens usque et secuti sunt eum turbe multe, Deus
in nomine tuo usque in finem, Deus misereatur nobis usque
in finem, Domine deus in adiutorium usque in finem\) .
<R 29.5>
Nim cristallan & disman & sidewaran & cassuc & finol, & nim
sester fulne gehalgodes wines, & hat
unm+alne mon gefeccean swigende ongean streame healfne sester
yrnendes w+ateres, nim +tonne & lege +da
wyrta ealle in +t+at w+ater & +tweah +t+at gewrit of +dan
husldisce +t+arin swi+de cl+ane, geot +tonne +t+at gehalgade
win ufon on +d+at o+ter.
<R 29.10>
Ber [{+tonne{] to ciricean, l+at singan m+assan ofer, ane
(\omnibus sanctis\) o+dre (\Contra tribulatione\) ,
+triddan (\sanctam marian\) , sing +das gebedsealmas,
(\Miserere mei deus, Deus in nomine tuo, Deus misereatur
nobis, Domine deus, Inclina domine, & credo, & Gloria
in excelsis deo, & letanias, Pater noster\) , & bletsa
<P 110>
georne in +almihtiges drihtnes naman & cwe+d, (\in nomine
patris et filii et spiritus sancti sit benedictum\) ,
bruc sy+t+tan.
<R 30.1>
To wensealfe, Nim elenan & r+adic, cyrfillan & hr+amnes fot,
+angliscne n+ap & finul & saluian & su+ternewuda & cnuca
tosomne, & nim garleaces godne d+al, cnuca, & wring, +turh
cla+d on gemered hunig, +tonne hit swi+de gesoden sy, +tonne
do +du pipor & [{sidewaran{] , gallengar & gingifre & rinde &
lawerbergean & pyretran, godne d+al +alces be +d+are m+a+de, &
sy+d+dan hit swa gem+anged +tara wyrta wos & +t+at hunig,
+tonne seo+d +du hit twa swa swi+de swa hit +ar w+as,
+tonne h+afs +tu gode sealfe wi+d wennas & wi+d nyrwet.
<R 31.1>
To godre bansealfe +te m+ag wi+d heafodece & wi+d ealra lyma
tyddernysse, sceal rude, r+adic & ampre,
uane, feuerfuge, +asc+drote, eofor+drote, cil+denige, bete &
betonican, ribbe & reade hofe, elene, alexandrian moran,
cluf+dung & clate, li+dwyrt & lambes cerse,
hylwyrt, h+asel, cwice, wudurofe & wr+attes ci+d, springwyrt,
sperewyrt, wegbr+ade & wermod, ealhtran
& h+afer+dan, hegeclife & hymelan, gearwan & geaces suran,
belenan & bradeleac, nim ealra +dyssa wyrta efenfela, do on
mortere, cnuca eall tosomne & do +d+arto ifigcroppas.
<R 31.8>
& nim +ascrinde & weliges twiga & acrinde & wirrinde & surre
[{apoldrerinde{] & seales rinde & wudubindan leaf, +tas ealle
sculan beon genumene on [{neo+doweardan{] & on easteweardan
+tan treowan, scearfige ealle +das rinda tog+adere & wylle
on haligw+atere o+d+d+at hy wel hnexian, do +tonne to +tan
wyrtum on
<P 112>
mortere, cnuca eall tosomne.
<R 31.12>
Nim +tonne heortes smera & h+aferes smera & eald morod &
fearres smeru & bares smeru & rammes smeru, mylte mon ealle
tosomne & geote to trindan, somnige mon +tonne ealle +ta ban
tosomne +de man gegaderian m+age, & cnocie man +ta ban mid
+axse yre & seo+de & fleote +t+at smeru, wyrce to trindan,
nime +tonne ealde buteran & wylle +ta wyrta & +ta rinda, don
eall tosomne, +tonne hit beo +ane awylled sette +tonne,
scearfa +tonne eall +t+at smera on pannan swa micel swa +tu
sealfe [{habban{] wille & +tu getyrwan m+age, sete ofer fyr,
l+at socian, n+as to swi+de weallan, o+d+daet hyo genoh sy,
seoh +durh cla+d, sete eft ofer fyr.
<R 31.21>
Nim +tonne nygon clufa garleaces gehalgodes, cnuca on wine,
wring +turh cla+d, scaf on myrran +ta wyrt & fanthalig wex
& [{brynestor{] & hwitne rycels, geot +tonne innan +da sealfe,
swa micel +t+at sy III +agscylla gewyr+de, nim +tonne
ealde sapan & ealdes oxsan mearh & earnes mearh, do +tonne
+da tyrwan, ond m+ang +tonne mid cwicbeamenum sticcan o+d
heo brun sy.
<R 31.26>
Sing +tonne +t+arofer, (\Benedictus dominus deus meus\) &
+tone o+terne (\benedictus dominus deus israel,
& mangnifica+d, & credo in unum\) , & +t+at gebed, matheus,
marcus, lucas, iohannes, sy +t+at sar +t+ar hit
sy, smite mon +da sealfe +arest on +t+at heafod.
<R 32.1>
Gif poc sy on eagan, nim [{mearhsapan{] & hinde meoluc, m+ang
tosomne & swyng, l+at standan o+d hit sy
hluttor, nim +tonne +t+at hlutre, do on +da eagan, mid godes
fultume heo sceal aweg.
<R 32.3>
Nim clatan moran, cnuca swi+de & wyl on beore, syle drincan
wel wearm +tonne +du geseo +t+at hy utslean, mid godes fultume
ne wyr+d him nan orne.
<P 114>
<R 33.1>
+tas wyrte sculon to lungensealfe, banwyrt & brunwyrt,
betonican & streawberian wise, su+ternewuda
& isopo, saluie & sauine & [{rude{] , garclife & h+asel,
cwice, medewyrt, dolhrune.
<R 34.1>
Wi+d heafodece, wyl in w+atere pollegian & leac, mintan,
fenmintan & +t+at +dridde cyn mintan +t+at blowe+d hwite,
+tweah +t+at heafod mid +tys wose gelome.
<R 35.1>
Wi+d hreofum lice, adelf ampron & gelodwyrt, teon ut lange,
cnuca ealle wel, wyll in buteran, do hwon sealtes in, +t+at
bi+d god sealf wi+d hreofum lice, +tweah +tone man mid hate
& mid +dare sealfe smyre.
<R 36.1>
Wi+d cneow+arce, genim [{weodobende{] wisan & hegerifan,
gecnuca well tosomne & do [{meda{] , l+at standan
nyhternum on +t+am wyrtum, syle drincan.
<R 37.1>
To eahsealfe, nim aluwan & sidewaran, lawerberian & pipor,
gescaf smale, & cubuteran fersce lege
on w+ater, nim +tonne hwetstan bradne & gnid +da buteran on
+d+am hwetstane mid copore +t+at heo beo wel
toh, do +tonne sumne d+al +tara wyrta +t+arto, cl+am +donne
on arf+at, l+at standan nygon niht, wende man
+alce d+age, mylte si+t+tan on +d+am arf+ate sylfan, aseoh
+turh cla+d, do sy+t+dan on swylc f+atels swylce +du
wille, nyttige +tonne +te +tearf sy, +teos sealf m+ag wi+d
+alces cynnes untrumnysse +de eagan eiglia+d.
<R 38.1>
Wi+d utsihte, genim h+anne +ag, lege twa niht on eced, gif
hit ne tocine, tosleah hwon, lege eft in
+done eced nyhterne, gesleah +tonne in buteran, lege in ele,
ado +tonne hwon ofer fyr, syle etan.
<R 39.1>
Eft wi+d [{+ton{] , hunig & hw+atesmedman & unsylt smeoru &
wex, wyl eall tosomne, syle etan gelome.
<P 116>
<R 40.1>
Wyll wi+d +don miclan eor+dnafolan & [{fifleafan{] &
gy+dhrofan & gearwan & efer+ton & eoforfearn & moldcorn &
medewyrt neo+dewearde, drinc gelome.
<R 41.1>
Sc+af efic wi+d [{+tone{] bol in meolc, & +tige w+arlice, &
seo+d ealle +da in meolce, & hwilum +ta meolc geren mid
[{cyslybbe{] & +dige hy.
<R 42.1>
Wyrc utyrnendne dr+anc, genim fif & hundeahtatig lybcorna &
neogon piporcorn, fiftene sundcorn wel
berended, cnuca smale, do sealt in & [{wyrmelan{] , m+ang
tosomne & gnid swi+de +t+at hit sy +t+at sm+alste,
geworht to duste, genim sc+ancbollan fulne leohtes beores,
o+d+de hluttor eala wel gesweted o+d+de gesweted win, m+angc
+da wyrta +t+arwi+d geornlice, l+at stondan nihterne, hrer
hine eft on mergen +tonne he hine drincan scyle swi+de wel,
& +da wyrte geornlice wi+d +tone w+atan gemengce, drince
+tonne.
<R 43.1>
Gif he sy to unswi+d, wyl merce in w+atere, syle drincan, gif
he to swi+d sy, wyl curmeallan.
<R 44.1>
O+ter utyrnynde dr+anc, genim medmicle moran gl+adenon f+adme
longe & swa greata swa +din +tuma, & swylc [{tu{] hamwyrte &
<P 118>
cel+denian moran & heleleafes moran & ellenrinde neo+dewearde,
& w+asc +da moran ealle swi+de wel & besc+af utan swi+de
cl+ane +da moran & +da rinde, gecnuca ealle +da wyrte swi+de,
ado in hluttor eala, [{berend{] & gegnid feowertig lybcorna
[{&{] ado +tonne [{into{] +d+am wyrtum, l+at standan +treo
niht, syle drincan +ar uhton lytelne sc+anc fulne +t+at se
dr+anc sy +de +ar geleored.
<R 45.1>
+tridde utyrnende dr+anc, wyl secg & gl+adenan neo+dewearde
in suran eala+d, asih +tonne, lege eft in niwe, l+at ane niht
inne beon, syle drincan.
<R 46.1>
Wyrc spiwdr+anc, wyl hwerhwettan in w+atere, l+at weallan
[{lancge{] , asih +tonne healfne bollan, gegnid
hundeahtatig libcorna in [{+tone{] dr+anc.
<R 47.1>
Wyrc o+derne of beore & of feowertig lybcorna, ado seofontene
[{pipercorn{] gif +du wille.
<R 48.1>
Spiwdr+anc, ado in beor o+d+de in win finul, l+at standan ane
niht, syle drincan.
<R 49.1>
Wyrc sealfe wi+d heafodw+arce & wi+d li+dwyrce & wi+d
eahwyrce & wi+d wenne & wi+d +deore, genim eolonon
& r+adic, wermod & bisceopwyrt, cropleac, garleac & holleac,
ealra efenfela, gecnuca, wyl in buteran, & celle+denian &
reade netelan, ado in +aren f+at, l+at +d+arin o+t+t+at hit
h+awen sy, asih +durh cla+d, smyre mid +t+at heafod & +da
[{leomu{] +t+ar hit sar sy.
<R 50.1>
Wi+d sidw+arce, betonican, bisceopwyrt, eolonan, r+adic,
[{ompran{] +da +de swimman, marufian, grundeswylie, cropleac,
garleac, rude, [{hindh+ale+de{] , ealhtre, hune, seo+d in
buteran, smyre mid +da sidan, him bi+d sel.
<P 120>
<R 51.1>
Wyrc briw wi+d lungenadle, wyll in buteran +tas wyrte &
scearfa smale, cropleac +arest, wyl hwile, ado +donne hr+adic
in & eolonan & beren mela & hwites sealtes fela, wyl loncge,
& hatne ete.
<R 52.1>
Wyrc o+derne, wyl in buteran gi+dhrofan, attorla+dan,
betonican, m+anc ealle tosomne, ado sy+d+dan ofer fyr.
<R 53.1>
Wyrc +triddan briw, wyl in buteran merce, eolonan, r+adic,
+ta clufehton wenwyrt, hoc, wermod l+ast,
cnuca ealle swi+de wel, syle wearm etan, & on ufan drincon
+triwa on d+ag +ar +ton he ete.
<R 54.1>
Feor+da briw, wyl in hunige beton o+d+de marubian, syle etan
wearme.
<R 54.2>
Wyrc +ar dr+anc of +d+are beton anre, wyll in wine o+d+de on
eala+d, he drince +ar he +done briw ete.
<R 55.1>
Dr+anc wi+d lungenadle, wyl marubian in wine o+d+de in
eala+d, geswet hwon mid hunige, syle drincan wearme on
nihtnicstig, & +tonne licge on +da swi+dran sidan
gode hwile +after +d+am dr+ance & +t+anne +tone swi+dran
earm swa he swi+tast m+age.
<R 56.1>
Genim betan, seo+d on buteran, syle hate etan mid +d+are
buteran, a bi+d swa selre swa he f+attron mete ete & gif
he m+age gedrincan hwilum [{hw+athwega{] +d+are buteran.
<R 57.1>
Eft dr+anc, genim marubian & +ta [{lancgan{] cliton & wermod
& bo+den, gearwan, betonican godne d+al, do
ealle in eala, syle drincan on nyhtnicstig.
<R 58.1>
Genim feldmoran, gecnuca swi+de, lege in win o+d+de in eala,
l+at standan [{ane{] niht o+d+de twa, syle drincan on
nihtnicstig.
<R 59.1>
Eft wi+d +ton, genim gagel & marubian & acrimonian, wyl in
eala+d, geswet mid hunige.
<R 60.1>
Wyrc briw, wyll ysopon in buteran & r+adic & eolonan & beren
mela nest wel longe, syle wearm etan.
<P 122>
<R 61.1>
Briw, seo+d in buteran & in hunige beton swi+de, o+d+d+at he
swa +dicce sy swa briw, ete on nihtnicstig
+dreo [{sn+ada{] swa hates.
<R 62.1>
Sl+apdr+anc, r+adic, hymlic, wermod, belone, cnuca ealle +ta
wyrte, do in eala+d, l+at standan ane niht, drince +donne.
<R 63.1>
To haligre sealfe, sceal betonican & benedicte, &
hindh+ale+de & h+anep, hind brer [{&{] isenhearde, salfige
& safine, bisceopwyrt & bo+den, finul & fifleafe, healswyrt
& hune, mucgwyrt, medewyrt, & mergelle, [{agrimonia{] , &
+a+delfer+dingwyrt, r+adic & ribbe & seo reade gearuwe, dile,
oportanie [{&{] draganse, cassuc & cawlic [{&{] cyle+denie,
wyirrind, [{wuduweaxe{] , wudurofe & wr+attes ci+d, saturege
& sigelhweorfa, brunewyrt & rude, & berbene, streawberian wise
& bl+aces snegles dust, ealhtre, fanan, merce, pollegian,
attorla+de, haran spicel, wudufille, wermod, eofor+trote,
[{&{] +ancglisc cost, h+awen hnydele, hofe, [{cymen{] ,
[{uinca{] [{peruinca{] , [{&{] feferfuge, lilige, leuastica,
[{alehsandrie{] , petresilige, grundeswylige.
<P 124>
<R 63.2>
+tysra [{feower{] wyrta man sceal m+ast don to & eallra o+dra
+alcre efenfela, & +dus man sceal +da buteran gewyrcean to
+d+are haligan sealfe, +at anes [{heowes{] cy, +t+at heo sy
eall reod o+d+de hwit & unm+ale, mon +da buteran a+dwere, &
gif +du n+abbe buteran genoge, aw+asc swi+de cl+ane [{&{]
m+angc o+dre wi+d, & +da wyrta ealle gescearfa swi+de smale
tosomne, & w+ater gehalga fonthalgunge, & do ceac innan in
+da buteran, genim +tonne +anne sticcan & gewyrc hine
fe+dorbyrste, writ onforan +das halgan naman, Matheus,
marcus, lucas, iohannes.
<R 63.9>
Styre +tonne mid +dy sticcan +da buteran, eal +t+at f+at, +du
sing ofer +das sealmas, (\Beati immaculati\) ,
+alcne +driwa ofer, & (\gloria in excelsis deo, & Credo in
deum patrem\) , & letanias arime ofer, +t+at is +dara haligra
naman & (\deus meus et pater, et in principio\) , & +t+at
wyrmgealdor, & +tis gealdor singe ofer:
[^AFTER THE COLON THERE IS AN INCANTATION IN AN UNKNOWN 
LANGUAGE^]



<B COQUADRU>
<Q O2/3 IS HANDM QUADR>
<N MEDIC QUADRUPEDIBUS>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB MEDICINE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  QUADRUPEDIBUS.
THE OLD ENGLISH MEDICINA DE QUADRUPEDIBUS.
ED. H. J. DE VRIEND.
TILBURG: H. GIANOTTEN, 1972 (DOCTORAL
DISSERTATION GRONINGEN).
PP. 3.2 - 61.15^]

[^B21.1.1.3^]
<P 3>
<R 1>
Saga+d +d+at +agypta cyning, Idpartus w+as haten
Octauiano +tam casere his freonde h+alo bodade
+tyssum wordum +tus cwe+dende, Monegum bisenum ic eom
gewis +tinra m+agena & snytro & hw+a+tere ic wene +t+at +tu
n+afre to +dus mycles m+agnes l+acedomum become
swylcum swa ic gefregn +da we fram +Ascolupio ferdon.
<R 10>
Ic +t+at +ta for +dinre cy+d+de & +te weor+dne wiste +tyses
to gewitanne, +t+at ys be wylddeora l+acecr+aftum swa +t+at
wel ges+ad ys.
<R 15>
Sum fy+terfete nyten is +t+at we nemna+d taxonem, +t+at ys
broc on Englisc.
<R 17>
Gefoh +t+at deor & him +tonne of cwicum +ta te+t ado +ta +te
he m+aste h+abbe & +tus cwe+d, On naman +t+as
+almihtigan Godes ic +te ofslea & +te +tine te+t of abeate.
<R 21>
& +tonne hy sy+d+dan on linenum hr+agle bewind & on golde
o+t+te on seolfre bewyrc, +t+at hio ne m+agen +tinum lice
+athrinan.
<R 25>
Hafa mid +te, +donne ne sce+t+te+d +te ne tungol ne hagol
ne strang storm ne yfel man ne wolberendes
awiht; ne +te +aniges yfeles onhrine dere+t.
<P 5>
<R 30>
O+d+de gyf hw+at yfeles bi+d hra+te hyt by+d tosliten swa
w+as Abdias gyrdels +t+as witegan.
<R 32>
Nim +tonne +tone swy+tran fot +tone fur+dran +dissum wordum
& +tus cwe+t, On naman +t+as lifigendan Godes ic +te nime to
l+acedome.
<R 36>
+tonne on swa hwylcum geflite o+d+de gefeohte swa +du bist
sigef+ast; & +tu +t+at gedigest gif +tu +done fot mid +te
hafast.
<R 40>
Mid his gelynde smyre +ta hors +ta +te syn on feofre o+t+te
on +anigre adle.
<R 43>
Hio him fram ahylde+t & lifes tid him ofer by+d; & +teah hyt
mycel adl sy, hra+te heo onweg gewite+t.
<R 46>
Meng hys blod wy+t lytlum sealte horsum & mulum & +alcum
fi+terfetum neate +te on wole winnen o+t+te on +anigum yfle.
<R 49>
Do +turh horn on mu+d +after +t+as deores mihte, & efne
ymb +treo niht hy beo+d hale.
<R 52>
His br+agen geseo+d on +trim sestrum eles on niwon croccan
o+d+t+at +trydda d+al sy beweallen, f+atelsa & heald hyt.
<R 56>
Gif hwa sy on heafodwr+ace, +after b+a+te smyre mid on +trim
nyhtum, he by+d geh+aled & swa eac +ta fet.
<R 59>
& +teah man sy on hwylcre ungewendendlicre adle &
unhalwendlicre seo wise hine h+ale+d & lacna+d.
<P 7>
<R 62>
Nim his lifre, tod+al, & bedealf +at +tam ymbhwyrftum +tinra
landgem+ara & +tinra burhsta+dola, & +ta heortan +at +tinum
burhgeatum behele.
<R 66>
+tonne +tu & +tine beo+d alysde hale to feranne & ham to
cyrrenne, eall wol by+t aweg astyred; & +t+at +ar gedon w+as
naht sce+t+te+d; & by+t lytel frecne fram fyre.
<R 71>
Cu+t ys eac +t+at his hyd is bryce hundum & eallum
fi+terfetum nytenum wi+d woles gewinne on to donne.
<R 74>
Hafa +t+are [{hyde{] fellsticceo on +tinum sceon; ne
gefelest +tu gewin on +tinum fotum.
<R 77>
+du halgusta casere ic wille +t+at +du gelyfe +t+at +tis
wilddeor well frema+d, gif +tu +tinum cl+ansungdagum, +t+ar
+tu f+arest geond eor+dan ymbhwyrft, hys fl+asc gesoden etest
& +tigest, hyt by+t god +te & +tinum weorudum.
<R 84>
Gif hwam hw+at yfeles gedon bi+d, +t+at he ne m+age hys
wynlusta brucan seo+de +tonne his sceallan on yrnendum
wyllew+atere & on hunige, & +dicge +tonne f+astende
+try dagas.
<R 89>
Sona he bi+d gebeted.
<P 9>
<R 90>
Wi+d blodes flewsan, +tonne eallum mannum sy seofontyne
nihta eald mona, +after sunnan setlgange 
+ar monan upryne cyme to +tam treowe +te man hate+t morbeam,
& of +dam nim +appel mid +tinre wynstran
handa mid twam fingrum, +t+at is mid +tuman & mid
hringfingre, hwitne +appel +te +tonne gyt ne readige.
<R 99>
Ahefe hyne +tonne upp & upp aris.
<R 100>
He bi+d brice to +dam uferan d+ale +t+as lichaman.
<R 102>
Eft do hyne adune & onlut.
<R 103>
He bi+d behefe to +dam neo+dran d+ale +t+as lichoman.
<R 105>
+ar+don +tu +tysne +appel nime, cwe+d +tonne +tas word,
(\Aps aps aps sparare rose prospasam emorragiam
pantosani opum +amesstanes\) .
<R 109>
+tonne +tu +tas word gecweden h+abbe genim +tone +appel &
hine +tonne bewind on weolcreadum godwebbe & seo+d +tonne eft
mid sceate o+tres godwebbes, & beheald +t+at +tes l+acedom ne
hrine ne w+ateres ne eor+dan.
<R 115>
+tonne nead+tearf sy & se ufera d+al +t+as lichoman on
+anigum sare o+d+de on earfe+tum geswince, wri+d on +tone
andwlitan.
<R 119>
Gyf hyt sy on +tam neo+dran d+ale, wri+d on +ta wambe.
<P 11>
<R 121>
Wi+d wifes flewsan, genim +tone camb +te heo ana hyre heafod
mid cemde, & n+anig man +ar mid cemde ne +after cembe.
<R 125>
Under +dam treowe morbeame cembe +t+ar hyre feax, +t+at
+t+ar on +tam cambe ge+tolige, gesomnige, & aho
on up standende twig +t+as morbeames, & eft ymb hwyle
cl+ane him to gesomnige & gehealde, +t+at hyre bi+d l+acedom
+t+are +de hyre heafod +t+ar cembe+t.
<R 133>
Eft gif heo wylle +t+at +d+at hyre blodryne cyme to, cembe
eft hyre heafod under morbeame, & +t+at feax +te on +tam cambe
cleofige, somnige & do on anne telgran +de sy adune gecyrred,
& gesamnige eft.
<R 139>
+t+at hyre by+t l+acedom.
<R 141>
Gyf +du wylle +t+at wif sy gecl+ansod +te n+afre mihte clene
beon, wyrc hyre sealfe of [{+tam{] feaxe, & hit +athwego
adrig, & do on hyre lic.
<R 145>
+tonne by+t heo gecl+ansod.
<P 13>
<R 147>
Wi+t n+adran slite, heortes horn hafa+d m+agen +alcne
w+atan to adrigenne; for +tam his man bruce+t on eagsealfe.
<R 151>
Wi+t heafodsare, heortes hornes axan fif penega gew+age
drinc, nim anne sester wines & twegen w+ateres, nim +t+as
+aghwylce d+age scenc fulne & drince.
<R 155>
+tes drenc eac wambesar geha+tera+d.
<R 157>
Wi+t to+ta wagunge, heortes horn geb+arned & gecnucod +ta
te+d getryme+t, gif his man wislice bruce+d.
<R 161>
Wi+d wifes flewsan, heortes horn to duste gebeaten & drince
on wine.
<R 163>
Sona him by+t sel.
<R 164>
Wi+d wyrmas to cwellenne, heortes horn geb+arnedne drince
on hatum w+atere.
<R 166>
+ta wyrmas he acwelle+d & ut aweorpe+t.
<R 168>
N+adran eac to acwellanne, nim +t+as hornes acxan & stred
+t+ar hi syn.
<R 170>
Hi fleo+d sona onweg.
<R 171>
Wi+d wifa earfodnyssum, +tas uncyste Grecas hata+d (\hystem
cepnizam\) heortes hornes +t+as sm+alestan
dustes bruce +try dagas on wines drince.
<R 175>
Gif he feforig sy drince +tonne on wearmum w+atere.
<R 177>
+t+at bi+d god l+acecr+aft.
<P 15>
<R 178>
Wi+t miltan sare, heortes horn geb+arnedne +ticge on
geswettum drince.
<R 180>
He +ta miltan adrige+d & +t+at sar onweg afyrre+t.
<R 182>
Wi+d teter, heortes horn geb+arnedne meng wi+d eced, smyre
mid +tam.
<R 184>
Hr+adlice him cyme+t bot.
<R 185>
Eft wi+d teter of andwlitan to donne, heortes horn
geb+arnedne meng wi+d ele, smyre, & +tonne +t+at
bedrugud sy, eft +tu hit geniwa.
<R 189>
Do +tis on sunnan upgange.
<R 190>
Hr+adlice hit h+ale+t.
<R 191>
Eft wi+d +tam ylcan, heortes horn geb+arnedne nigon penega
gew+age do +t+arto & geswyrfes of seolfre  syx peninga
gew+age; gemeng & gegnid swi+te wel, & gewyrc to cly+tan
& smyre mid.
<R 197>
Hyt h+ale+t wel +t+at sar.
<R 198>
Wi+d cyrnlu, (\patella\) , +t+at ys heortes heagospind, gif 
+tu hafast mid +te ne arisa+d +te cyrnlu, & +ta
+te +ar arison, mid hys +athrine hy onweg gewita+d.
<R 203>
Wifgemanan to aweccanne, nim heortes sceallan, dryg, wyrc to
duste, do hys d+al on wines drinc.
<R 206>
+t+at awecce+t wifgemanan lust.
<P 17>
<R 207>
Wi+d n+adran bite, heortes gecyndlimu drig to duste & gedo
rosan dust +t+arto +treora peninga gew+age on drince & +ticge
on d+age.
<R 210>
Scearplice se drenc h+ale+t n+adran bite.
<R 212>
Wi+d stede & for gebinde, heortes h+ar beo+d swi+de gode mid
to smeocanne wifmannum.
<R 215>
Wi+d wifes geeacnunge, ban bi+d funden on heortes heortan,
hwilum on hrife, +t+at ylce hyt gegearwa+d.
<R 218>
Gif +du +t+at ban on wifmannes earm ahehst, gewri+dest
scearplice, hr+a+te heo geeacna+d.
<R 221>
Wi+d inno+ta wr+ace & gif gebind men by+t, heortes mearh
gemylted syle him on wearmum w+atere.
<R 224>
Hr+adlice hyt h+ale+t.
<R 225>
Wi+d n+adrena afligenge, heortes mearh geb+arned o+d+t+at
hyt smeoce o+t+te +tu hit mid +te h+abbe.
<R 227>
Hit aflige+t +da n+adran.
<R 229>
Wi+d la+dum l+alum & wommum, heortes smeoro gemylted & mid
storscyllum gecnucud & gemenged & to sealfe gedon & on geseted.
<R 232>
Wundorlice hyt h+ale+t.
<P 19>
<R 234>
Wi+d wifa earfo+dnyssum +te on heora inwerdlicum stowum
earfe+tu +trowia+d, foxes leo+tu & his smeoru 
mid ealdon ele & mid tyrwan wyrc him to sealfe, do on wifa
stowe.
<R 239>
Hra+te hit +ta earfe+tu geh+ale+t.
<R 240>
Wi+d heafodsare, +tam gelice +te hyt her bufan gecweden ys,
smyre +t+at heafod.
<R 242>
Hyt h+ale+t wundorlice.
<R 243>
Wi+d earena sare, eft gelice +ton +te her bufan gecweden is,
genim +ta ylcan sealfe hluttre, drype on +t+at eare.
<R 246>
Wundorlice hyt h+ale+t.
<R 247>
Wi+d miltan sare, foxes lungen on hattre +ascan gesoden &
+ar gecnucud & to drence gedon, +ta miltan hyt wundorlice
geh+ale+t; swa de+t hys lifer +t+at ylce.
<R 252>
Wi+d weartan, genim foxes sceallan, gegnid swi+te oft
+t+armid +ta weartan.
<R 254>
Hra+te hyt hy tobrece+t & onweg ade+t.
<R 256>
Wi+d nearwre sworetunge, foxes lungen gesoden & on geswettum
wine gedon & geseald, wundorlice hit h+ale+t.
<R 260>
Wi+d sare cyrnlu, foxes sceallan genim & gnid mid gelome.
<R 262>
Hra+te hi beo+d hale.
<P 21>
<R 263>
Wi+d gomena sare, foxes sina genim & on hunige gew+at &
gnid mid +ta goman swi+te oft.
<R 266>
Sona him by+t sel +t+as broces.
<R 267>
Wi+d heafodece, genim foxes gecynd, ymfoh +t+at heafod utan.
<R 268>
Hra+te +t+as heafodes sar by+t aweg afyrred.
<R 270>
To wif+tingum, foxes t+agles se ytem+asta d+al on earm
ahangen, +tu gelyfest +t+at +tis sy to wif+tingum
on bysm+ar gedon.
<R 274>
Wi+d li+tadle, genim cwicenne fox & seo+d +t+at +ta ban ane
beon l+afed, astige +t+arin gelomlice, & in o+ter b+a+d, do he
swa swi+te oft.
<R 277>
Wundorlice hit h+ale+t.
<R 278>
& +aghwylce geare +tys fultum he him sceal gegearwian; & ele
do +t+arto +donne he hine seo+de, & his
+tyssum gemete to +tearfe bruce.
<R 282>
Wi+d earena sare, genim foxes geallan, menc wi+d ele, drype
on +ta earan.
<R 284>
Hyt wel geh+ale+t.
<R 285>
Wi+d eagena dymnysse, genim foxes geallan gemencged mid
doran hunige & on eagan gedon.
<R 287>
Hyt h+ale+t.
<R 288>
Wi+d earena sare, genim foxes gelynde gemylted, drype on +ta
earan, him cym+d god h+al.
<R 291>
Wi+d fotwr+ace, gif se innera d+al +t+as sceos by+t fixenhyd,
& gyf hit sy fotadl, smyre mid ele +ta fet.
<R 293>
Hy habba+t +t+as +te leohtran gang.
<P 23>
<R 295>
Wi+d ofersl+ape, haran br+agen on wine geseald to drence.
<R 296>
Wundorlice hyt bete+t.
<R 297>
Wi+t eagena sare, haran lungen on geseted & +t+arto
gewri+ten, +t+at sar by+t geh+aled.
<R 300>
Wi+d fotswylum & sce+t+tum, haran lungen ufan on & neo+tan
to gewri+ten, wundorlice +ta gongas beo+d geh+alede.
<R 304>
+dam wifum +te him hyra beor+dor losie, haran heortan adrige
& wyrc to duste, & +triddan d+al recelses dustes, syle drincan
seofon dagas on scirum wine.
<R 309>
+tam +tonne +te hyt oft o+dfealle+t, +tritig daga ge on wine
ge on wyrtunge.
<R 312>
+donne +tam wifum +te +after beor+tre on sumum stowum
swincen, +t+at ylce do to drence f+astendum on wearmum w+atere.
<R 315>
Sona hyt by+t geh+aled.
<R 316>
Wi+d eagena dymnysse, haran geallan wi+d hunig gemencged &
mid [{gesmyred{] , +ta eagan gebeorhtigea+t.
<R 319>
+dam mannum +te swinclunge +trowia+d, haran lungen & seo
lifer somod gemencged & feower penega gew+age myrran & +dreora
[{befores{] & anes huniges, +tis sceal beon awylled on godum
ecede & sy+t+tan mid geswetton wine gewesed.
<R 325>
& +after +tam drince sona hyt h+ale+t.
<P 25>
<R 326>
Wi+d bl+adran sare, haran sina gedrygede & mid sealte
gebr+adde & gehyrste sceaf on his drinc.
<R 329>
Wundorlice hyt h+ale+t.
<R 330>
Wi+d attorcoppan bite, haran sina gegyre & him syle +ticgan,
eac hyt is +alt+awe gyf hi mon hreawe swylge+t.
<R 333>
Eac wi+d wl+attan hi beo+d gode gesodene.
<R 335>
Wi+t feallendum feaxe, haran wambe seo+d o+t+te br+ad on
pannan on godum ele, smyre +t+at feax & +t+at heafod.
<R 338>
+tonne nime+t +t+at feax to, & seo sealf genyde+d +t+at hyt
weaxe+t.
<R 341>
To +tan +t+at wif cenne w+apned cild, haran hrif gedryged &
gesceafen o+d+de gegniden on drinc drincen butu.
<R 344>
Gif +t+at wif ana hyt drince+t, +donne cen+d heo
androginem, ne by+t +t+at to nahte, na+ter ne wer ne wif.
<R 348>
Eft to +tam ylcan, haran sceallan wife +after hyre
cl+ansunge syle on wine drincan.
<R 350>
+tonne cen+d heo w+apned cild.
<P 27>
<R 352>
Wif to geeacnigenne haran cyslybb feower penega gew+age
syle on wine drincan +tam wife of wife &
+tam were of were & +tonne don hyra gemanan & +after
+ton hy forh+abben.
<R 357>
+tonne hra+te geeacna+d heo, & for mete heo sceal sume
hwyle swamma brucan & for b+a+d smyrenysse, wundorlice heo
geeacna+t.
<R 362>
Wi+d scorpiones bite & n+adran slite, haran cyslyb geseald
on wines drince.
<R 364>
+t+at wel geh+ale+t.
<R 365>
Wi+d +t+at cildum butan sare te+d wexen, haran br+agen
gesoden, gnid gelome mid +ta to+dreoman.
<R 368>
Hi beo+d cl+ane & unsare.
<R 369>
Wi+d wambewr+ace, genim haran helan, ber on +tinum
hedcla+te.
<R 371>
Wundorlice hit h+ale+d.
<R 372>
Wi+d eagena sare, haran lifer gesoden ys god on wine to
drincenne, & mid +tam bro+te +da eagan to be+tianne.
<P 29>
<R 375>
+dam manum +te fram +t+are teo+tan tide ne geseo+d, +t+as
ylcan drinces smyc heora eagan onfon, & mid +tam bro+te recen
& +ta lifre w+aten & gniden & mid smyrwen.
<R 380>
Wi+d blodryne, geb+arned haran lifer & gegniden & on
gestreded hra+te hyt gestille+t.
<R 383>
Wi+d blodryne of nebbe, firginbuccan, +t+at ys wudubucca
o+d+de gat +t+as lifer gebryted wi+d ecede & on n+as+tyrl
bestungen, wundorlice hra+te hyt +done blodryne gestille+t.
<R 388>
To eagena beorhtnysse, wudubuccan gealla gemencged wi+d
feldbeona hunige & on gesmyred, seo beorhtnys him to cym+d.
<R 392>
+t+at ylce [{m+ag{] wi+d gomena sare, gemeng +tone geallan &
hunig tosomne, hrin +ta goman mid, hyt h+al+d.
<R 396>
To eallum uncystum +te on gomum beo+d acenned, wudugate
geallan mid feldbeona hunige gemenged, 
+t+ar sceal eac gelice awegen myrre & pipor & croh.
<R 400>
Seo+d eall on wine o+t+t+at hyt sy wel to sealfe geworht,
smyre +tonne +ta saran goman mid daga gehwylce o+d+t+at hy
haligen.
<P 31>
<R 404>
Wi+d eagena dymnesse, wudugate geallan & lytel wines meng
tosomne, smyre mid +driwa.
<R 407>
+tonne beo+d hi geh+alede.
<R 408>
Wi+d dropfagum andwlatan, wudubucan geallan o+d+de gate
gemencged wi+d w+atere & on gesmyred.
<R 411>
Hra+te hit gelacna+d.
<R 412>
Wi+d nebcorn +te wexa+d on +tam andwlatan, smyre mid gate
geallan.
<R 414>
Ealle +ta nebcorn he of +tam andwlitan acl+ansa+d & ealne
+tone wom he ge+dynna+d.
<R 417>
Wi+d earena sare & swege, wudugate gealla mid neowum ele
o+d+de +appeles seawe wl+ac gemencged & on
+ta earan gedon, hyt h+ale+t.
<P 33>
<R 422>
Wi+d to+tece, wudugate geallan mencg wi+d ele, smyre mid
swy+te gelome.
<R 424>
+tonne beo+d hi hale.
<R 425>
Wi+d her+dbylges sare o+d+de wunde, fyregate geallan meng
wi+d hunig, do to +tam sare, hit h+ale+t wel.
<R 428>
To wifes willan, +t+as buccan geallan meng wi+d recels & wi+d
netelan s+ad; smyre +tone teors mid +ar
foran to +t+as restgemanan.
<R 432>
+t+at wif [{onfeh+d{] +t+as willan on +dam h+amede.
<R 434>
+ty l+as cild sy hreosende, +t+at is fylleseoc, o+t+te
scinlac mete, fyregate br+agen teoh +turh gyldenne hring,
syle +tam cilde swelgan +ar+tam hyt meolc onbyrge.
<R 439>
Hyt by+t geh+aled.
<P 35>
<R 440>
Wi+d homum, nim gate horn & lege to fyre, +t+at he byrne on
fyrle, do +tonne of +ta scylle on niwe f+at, cnuca hyt +tonne
swi+te wi+d scearpum ecede.
<R 444>
Do on +ta homan o+t+t+at hy hale syn.
<R 446>
To sl+ape, gate horn under heafod geled, weccan he on
sl+ape gecyrre+t.
<R 449>
Wi+d cyrnla sare, smeoc +tone man mid gate h+arum.
<R 450>
Hra+te he by+t +t+as sares hal.
<R 452>
Wi+d blodryne of nosum, adryg gate blod & gnid to duste.
<R 453>
Do on +t+at n+as+tyrl, hyt wi+dstande+t.
<R 455>
Wi+d eagena h+atan & stice, niwe gate cyse, ofer geseted
mid +ta eagbr+awas.
<R 457>
Him by+t hr+adlice bot.
<R 459>
Wi+d heafodece, niwe gate cyse +t+arto gewri+ten, hyt h+ale+t.
<R 461>
Wi+d fotadle, gate cyse niwe on gelegd +t+at sar geli+dega+d.
<P 37>
<R 463>
Wi+d n+adran slite, sceaf gate horn on +try scenceas & +tare
ylcan gate meolc wi+d wine gemencgede on +try si+tas drince.
<R 467>
Syllice hyt +t+at attor tosceade+t.
<R 468>
Wi+d inno+des flewsan, gate horn gesceafen & wi+d hunige
gemencged & gecweden & +after +tam ge+tiged, +t+are wambe
flewsan he for+tryce+d.
<R 472>
Wi+d hreofe & wi+d toflogen lic, genim +t+at w+ater +te
innan g+at by+t & heo hwilum ut geote+d.
<R 474>
Menge +tone w+atan wi+d hunige & sealte, & symle on +afenne
his heafod & his lic mid +ty +twea & gnide.
<R 478>
Wi+d inno+des heardnysse, swa hw+at swa he [{ete{] menge wi+d
+tone w+atan & +tone ylcan drince wi+d +t+as inno+des
heardnysse, +t+at seo getogene wamb sy alysed.
<R 483>
Swa he ma drince+d, swa hyt fur+dor cl+ansa+d.
<R 485>
Wi+d +tone w+atan, do him eac drince gate blod.
<R 486>
Wel +t+at hyne h+ale+d.
<R 487>
Gif inno+d +tinde, nim gate blod mid hyre smeorwe & berene
gryta gemeng, & on wambe utan gewri+d.
<R 490>
Wundorlice hyt h+al+t.
<P 39>
<R 491>
Wi+d +alces cynnes n+addran bite, gate smeoro & hyre tord &
weax mylt & gemeng tosomne, wyrc swa hit man gehal forswelgan
m+age.
<R 495>
Onfo se +te him +dearf sy, +tonne bi+d he geh+aled.
<R 497>
+te man se +te him seo w+ateradl, g+aten smeoro ge+tyd to
poslum swelge, & drince mid ceald w+ater, 
& somod swelge, & drince +after +tam gate blod.
<R 501>
Hym by+t hr+ad bot.
<R 502>
[{Drince{] eft buccan micgan & ete nardes ear & w+alwyrte
moran.
<R 504>
Selost ys se micga, +t+at he sy oftost mid feded.
<R 506>
Wi+d earena sare, gate micgan do on +t+at eare, +t+at sar
geli+diga+d.
<R 508>
Gif +t+ar wyrms inne bi+d.
Hyt +t+at ut awyrp+d.
<R 510>
Wi+d cyrnlu, gate tord menge wi+d hunige, smyre mid.
<R 511>
Sona bi+d sel.
<R 512>
Wi+d +teohwr+ace, gate tord cned swy+te, +t+at hyt sy swylce
sealf & smyre mid +ta +teoh.
<R 514>
Sona hy beo+d hale.
<R 516>
Wi+d li+ta sare, nim gate tord, meng wi+d scearpum ecede, &
smyre mid.
<R 518>
Wel hyt h+ale+t & smeoce mid h+a+te & +t+at ylce on wine
drince.
<P 41>
<R 520>
Wi+d cancre, gate tord gemenged wi+d hunige & on +ta wunde
gedon.
<R 522>
Hra+te hyt h+ale+t.
<R 523>
Wi+d swylas, gate tord, smyre mid +ta swylas.
<R 524>
Hyt hy todrif+d & geh+ale+t & gede+t +t+at hy eft ne
arisa+d.
<R 526>
Wi+d sina getoge, gate tord meng wi+d ecede & smyre mid +t+at
sar, hyt h+al+t.
<R 529>
Wi+d springum, gate tord meng wi+d hunige, smyre & on
gelege.
<R 530>
Eac +ta springas +te beo+d on mannes inno+de acenned hyt
todrife+t.
<R 533>
Gate geallan on wine gedruncen, wifa halan him of ade+t & hi
geh+ale+t.
<R 536>
Wi+t wearras & wi+d swylas, blacu rammes wul on w+atere
gedyfed & +after +tam on ele & sy+t+tan aled 
on +ta saran stowe +t+at sar heo onweg afyrre+t.
<R 540>
& gyf hyt bi+d mid gereced, +ta toslitenan wunda heo
for+trycce+t.
<R 543>
+ta wearras & +da swylas +te beo+d on mannes handum o+d+de
on o+trum limum o+d+de ymb +tone utgang smyre mid +tam w+atan
+te drype of ealfsodenre rammes lungenne.
<R 548>
Hra+te heo hy onweg afyrre+d.
<P 43>
<R 549>
Wi+d wundspringum & anwlatan, rammes lungen smel tocorfen
& to +tam sare geled, sona hyt geh+al+t.
<R 553>
Wi+d scurfum, rammes smeoru, & meng +d+arto sot & sealt &
sand, & hyt wulla onweg & +after smyre.
<R 556>
Hyt by+t eft li+dre.
<R 557>
Wi+d +alc sar, bares br+agen gesoden & to drence [{geworht{]
on wine, ealle sar hyt geli+dega+t.
<R 560>
Wi+d h+ar+tena sare & teorses, bares br+agen meng wi+d hunig
& wri+d on, wundorlice hyt h+ale+t.
<R 563>
Wi+d n+adran bite, bares br+agen gesoden & gemencged wi+d
hunig, wundorlice hyt geh+ale+t.
<R 566>
Eft wi+d sarum & gewundedum fotum, bares lungen gebeaten
swi+de smale & wi+d hunig gemenged & to sealfe gedon.
<R 569>
Hra+te heo +t+at sar geh+ale+t.
<R 571>
Wi+d inno+des flewsan, niwe bares lifre wyrc to drence on
wine & +tonne drince.
<R 573>
Sona him bi+d sel.
<R 574>
Oras onweg to adonne, nim bares lifre & swetre apuldre
rinde, wyl tosomne on wine gemenged & drince.
<R 577>
Hra+de hy fleo+d onweg fram him.
<P 45>
<R 579>
Gif earan syn innan sare & +t+ar wyrms sy, on do +ta ylcan
sealfe.
<R 581>
Heo ys swy+te god to +tam.
<R 582>
Weres wylla to gefremmanne, nime bares geallan & smyre mid
+tone teors & +ta h+ar+tan.
<R 585>
+tonne hafa+d he mycelne lust.
<R 586>
Wi+d fylleseocum men, bares sceallan wyrc to drence on wine
o+d+de on w+atere.
<R 588>
Se [{drenc{] hyne geh+ale+t.
<R 590>
Wi+d spiw+tan & wl+attan & [{hnappunge{] , genim bares
gelynde & seo+d on +trim sestrum w+ateres o+t+t+at se
+dridda d+al sy beweallen.
<R 593>
Do +t+arto bares fam & drince, he by+t hal.
<R 595>
& he sylf wundra+d & wene+t +t+at hyt sy o+ter l+acedom
+t+at he dranc.
<R 597>
Wi+d stede & wi+d bl+addran sare, genim eoferes bl+adran mid
+tam micgan, ahefe upp & abid o+t+t+at se w+ata of aflogen sy,
seo+d sy+d+dan, & syle etan +tam +te earfo+to +trowie.
<R 602>
Wundorlice hit geh+ale+t.
<R 604>
+tam +te under hy miga+d, bares bl+adre gebr+aded & geseald
to etanne, +ta unh+ale heo geh+al+t.
<R 607>
Wi+d homum, bares scearn & swefel gegniden on wine, & gelome
drince.
<R 609>
+ta homan hyt bete+t.
<P 47>
<R 610>
Wi+t deofulseocnysse & wi+d yfelre gesih+de, wulfes fl+asc
wel getawod & gesoden syle etan +dam +te +tearf sy.
<R 613>
+ta scinlac +te him +ar +atywdon, ne geunstilla+d hy hine.
<R 616>
To sl+ape, hundes heafod lege under +tone pyle.
<R 617>
Se unhala sl+ape+t.
<R 618>
Gif +tu gesyxt wulfes spor +ar +tonne hyne ne gesce+t+te+d
he +te, gif +du hafast mid +te wulfes hrycgh+ar & t+aglh+ar
+ta ytem+astan on si+df+ate.
<R 622>
Butan fyrhtu +tu +done si+d gefremest, ac se wulf sorga+d
ymbe si+d.
<R 625>
Eagwr+ac onweg to donne, genim wulfes swy+tre eage & hyt
tosting & gewri+d to +dam eagon.
<R 628>
Hit gewana+d +t+at sar, gyf hyt gelomlice +t+armid gesmyred
by+t.
<R 630>
Wi+d miltwr+ace, cwices hundes milte abred of, wyrc to
drence on wine, syle drincan, hyt h+ale+t.
<R 632>
Sume nima+d hwelpes inylfe & wri+da+t on.
<R 634>
Wi+d wi+terweard h+ar onweg to adonne, gif +tu nimest wulfes
mearh & smyrest mid hra+de +da stowe +te +ta h+ar beo+d of
[{apullod{] , ne ge+tafa+d seo smyrung +t+at hy eft wexen.
<P 49>
<R 639>
Se wifman se +te h+abbe dead bearn on inno+de gif he
drince+d wylfene meolc mid wine & hunige gemenged gelice efne,
sona hyt h+al+d.
<R 644>
Biccean meolc gif +du gelome cilda to+dreoman mid smyrest &
+athrinest, butan sare hy wexa+d.
<R 647>
Wearras & weartan onweg to donne, nim wulle & w+at mid
biccean hlonde, wri+d on +ta weartan & on +ta wearras.
<R 650>
Hra+te hi beo+d awege.
<R 651>
+tam mannum +te magon hwon gehyran, hundes gelynde & wermodes
seaw mid ealdum ele gemylt, dryp on +t+at eare.
<R 654>
Hyt +ta deafan gebete+t.
<R 655>
Wi+d wedes hundes slite, nim +ta wyrmas +te beo+d under
wedehundes tungan, sni+d onweg, ymb l+ad utan
fictreow, syle +tam +te tosliten sy.
<R 659>
He bi+d sona hal.
<R 660>
Wi+d fefore, nim bl+aces hundes deades +tone swy+tran
fotensceancan, hoh on earm.
<R 662>
He tosceace+d +tone fefor.
<P 51>
<R 664>
Warna +de +t+at +du ne mige +t+ar se hund gemah.
<R 665>
Sume men secga+d +t+at +t+ar oncyrre mannes lichama, +t+at
he ne m+age +tonne he cyme+t to his wife, hyre mid gerestan.
<R 669>
Scinseocum men wyrc drenc of hwites hundes +toste on bitere
lege.
<R 671>
Wundorlice hyt h+ale+t.
<R 672>
Hnite & wyrmas onweg to donne +de on cildum beo+d b+arn
hundes +dost & gnid smale, mengc wi+d hunige & smyre mid.
<R 675>
Seo self ade+t +da wyrmas onweg.
<R 676>
Nim eac +t+at gr+as +t+ar hund gedrite+t, cnuca, wri+d on.
<R 678>
Hra+de hyt h+al+d.
<R 679>
Wi+d w+ateradle, nim drigne hundes +tost, wyrc to drence.
<R 680>
He h+ale+d w+aterseoce.
<R 682>
Dweorg onweg to donne, hwites hundes +tost gecnucadne to
duste & gemengen wi+d meolowe & cicle abacen syle etan +tam
untruman men +ar +t+ar tide hys tocymes,
[{swa{] on d+age swa on nihte sw+a+ter hyt sy,
his togan bi+d +dearle strang.
<R 689>
& +after +tam he lytla+d & onweg gewite+t.
<P 53>
<R 691>
Wi+d w+ateradle, hundes spiw+tan lege & wri+d on +tam
inno+de, +turh +tone utgang seo w+ateradl ut aflowe+d.
<R 695>
+da +te scinlac +trowien etan leon fl+asc.
<R 696>
Ne +trowia+d hy ofer +t+at +anig scinlac.
<R 698>
Wi+d earena sare, nim leon gelynde, mylt on scylle, drype
on +t+at eare.
<R 700>
Sona him by+t sel.
<R 701>
Wi+d +alcum sare, gemylted leon gelynde & +t+armid gesmyred.
<R 703>
+alc sar hyt geli+diga+d.
<R 704>
Wi+d sina & wi+d cneowa leo+da sarum, nim leon gelynde &
heortes mearg, mylt & gemeng tosomne, smyre mid +t+at sar
+d+as lichoman.
<R 708>
Sona hyt by+t hal.
<R 709>
Wi+d n+addrena eardunge & aflygennysse fearres horn
geb+arnedne to acsan stred +t+ar n+adran eardien.
<R 712>
Hy fleo+d onweg.
<R 713>
Wommas of andwlatan to donne, smyre mid fearres blode.
<R 714>
Ealle +ta wommas hyt of genime+t.
<P 55>
<R 716>
Fearres geallan, wi+d eagena +tystru & genipe, meng wi+d
feldbeona hunig, do on +ta eagan.
<R 718>
Wundorlice hyt geh+ale+t.
<R 720>
Wambe to astyrigenne, nim fearres geallan, somna on wulle,
wri+d under +t+at setl neo+dan.
<R 722>
Sona he +ta wambe onlyse+t.
<R 723>
Do +t+at ylce cildum ofer +done nafolan, he weorpe+t ut
+ta wyrmas.
<R 726>
Wi+d earena sare, fearres geallan meng wi+d hunige & drype
on +da earan.
<R 728>
Sona him by+t sel.
<R 729>
Wi+d cyrnlu +de beo+t on mannes andwlatan.
<R 730>
Smyre mid fearres geallan.
<R 731>
Sona he by+t cl+ane.
<R 732>
Wi+d apan bite o+d+de mannes smyre mid fearres geallan.
<R 733>
Sona heo bi+d hal.
<R 735>
Wi+d +alce heardnysse, fearres smeru mylt wi+d tyrwan &
lege on.
<R 737>
Ealle +ta sar & +t+at hearde hyt geli+diga+d & gehnescea+t.
<R 739>
Wi+t fortogonysse, fearremearg on geh+attum wine drince,
+t+at bete+t.
<R 741>
Wi+d +alcum sare, drince fearres gor on hatum w+atere, sona
hyt h+al+t.
<R 743>
Wi+t bryce, fearres gor wearm lege on +tone bryce.
<R 744>
Sy+t+tan him bi+d sel.
<R 745>
Wi+d w+ateres bryne o+d+de fyres, b+arn fearres gor & scead
+t+aron.
<P 57>
<R 747>
Gyf +tu wylle don beorhtne andwlitan, nim fearres scytel,
cnuca & bryt & gnid swi+de smale on eced, smyre mid +tone
andwlatan.
<R 751>
+donne by+d he beorht.
<R 752>
Wifgemanan to donne, nim drige fearres sceallan, wyrc to
[{duste{] , o+d+de elcor gnid on win, & drince gelome.
<R 755>
He bi+d +ty gearwra to wif+tingum.
<R 757>
Wi+d gehwylce wommas of lichoman onweg to nimenne, genim
ylpenban mid hunige gecnucud & to geled.
<R 760>
Wundorlice hyt +ta wommas of genime+d.
<R 761>
Eft wi+d wommas of andwlatan to donne, gyf wifman mid +tam
sylfan duste d+aghwamlice hyre andwlatan smyre+d, heo +ta
wommas afeorma+t.
<R 765>
Wi+d ealle sar, gyf +tu on foreweardon sumera +tigest
hwylcne hwelp na +tonne gyt geseondne, ne ongitest +tu
+anig sar.
<R 769>
Wi+d fortogenysse, drince hundes blod, hyt h+ale+t
wundorlice.
<R 771>
Wi+d geswel +t+ara gecyndlima, hundes heafodpanne gecnucud &
to gelegd, wundorlice heo h+ale+t.
<R 774>
Wi+d cynelice adle, wedehundes heafod gecnucud & mid wine
gemenged to drence, hyt h+ale+t.
<P 59>
<R 777>
Wi+d cancorwund, hundes heafod to acxan geb+arned & on
gestreded, hit +ta cancorwunda geh+ale+t.
<R 780>
Wi+d [{scurfedum{] n+aglum, geb+arned hundes heafod & seo
acxe +t+aron gedon, +ta ungerisnu hyt onweg afyrre+t.
<R 784>
Wi+d wedehundes slite, hundes heafod geb+arned to acxan &
+t+aron gedon, eall +t+at attor & +ta fulnysse hyt ut
awyrpe+d & +ta wedendan bitas geh+ale+t.
<R 789>
Eft, wedehundes heafod & his lifer gesoden & geseald to
etanne +tam +te tosliten bi+d, wundorlice hyt hyne geh+ale+t.
<R 792>
To gehwylcum bryce, hundes br+agen aled on wulle & on +t+at
tobrocene to gewri+ten feowertyne dagas.
<R 795>
+tonne by+t hyt f+aste gebatod, & +t+ar by+d +tearf to
f+astere gewri+dennysse.
<R 797>
Wi+d eagwr+ace & stice, tobrec hundes heafod.
<R 798>
Gif +t+at swy+tre eage ace nim +t+at swy+tre eage, gif +t+at
wynstre eage ace nim +t+at wynstre, & wri+d utan on.
<R 801>
Hyt h+ale+t wel.
<P 61>
<R 802>
Wi+d to+twr+ace, hundes tuxas b+arn to acxan, h+at scenc
fulne wines, do +t+at dust on, & drince, & do swa gelome.
<R 805>
+ta te+t beo+d hale.
<R 806>
Wi+d to+treomena geswelle, hundes tux geb+arned & gegniden &
seted on, he wel h+ale+t.
<R 809>
Wi+d +t+at te+t wexen buton sare, hundes tux geb+arned &
smale gegniden & on gedon to+treomena swylas gedw+ascea+d.
<R 813>
Wi+d hunda re+dnysse & wi+derr+adnysse, se +te hafa+d hundes
heortan mid him, ne beo+d ongean hine hundas cene.



<B COBYRHTF>
<Q O3 IS SCIA BYRHTF>
<N BYRHTFERTH MANUAL>
<A BYRHTFERTH>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE ASTRONOMY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BYRHTFERTH'S MANUAL (A. D. 1011), VOL. I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 177.
ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.
LONDON, 1966 (1929).
PP. 44.1  - 64.30 (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 78.13 - 94.3  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B20.20.1^]
<P 44>
<R 44.1>
Beda +tus giddode, gumena se getyddusta: he cw+a+d +t+at
Ianuarius & October w+aron mid twam bendum gerihte,
+t+at ys +t+at hig habba+d twa rihtinga, & Februarius
& Martius & Nouember gladia+d on fifum, & 
Aprelis so+dlice & Iulius habba+d ane rihtinge, & Maius h+af+d
+try & Agustus mid feowrum glitna+d gerisenlice swy+de.
<R 44.7>
Iunius ana swutollice h+af+d syx rihtinga, & September &
December mid heora seofon geferum gladia+d swa wenlice swy+de.
<R 44.10>
Hyt gerist borlice wel +t+at we +after +t+as foresprecenan
weres dihte +ta (\regulares [{lunares{] \) mid leo+de gegretun.
<R 44.24>
Se foresprecena [^TORONTO CORPUS: foresprecan^] lareow cwy+d 
+t+at September & October habba+d gelice rihtinga, & Nouember 
& December mid seofon rihtingum gl+adlice genga+d.
<R 44.32>
+after +tisre gewritenan forespr+ace, on endebyrdnysse +t+as
gerimes synt gemearcode +ta (\concurrentes\) , +ta synt 
<P 46>
samodrynelas genemned.
<R 46.1>
+tara circul habba+d feower si+don seofon gear, +t+at beo+d
eahta & twentig geara; for+dan he ne m+ag beon 
geendod +ar+dam +te (\bissextus\) , +te on gewunan h+af+d
+t+at [{+t+at{] he binnan +tam feor+dan geare ealle +t+are 
wucan dagas +trydlice +athrine: Sunnand+ag we cwe+da+d
+arest, Friged+ag, Wodnesd+ag, S+aternesd+ag, +tunresd+ag, 
Monand+ag, Tiwesd+ag.
<R 46.8>
Witodlice on +tisre endebyrdnysse geondscri+d se circul his
ryne: gyme +tu, cleric, gif +tu wille.
<R 46.10>
+deah +de ealle dagas +alce geare habbon heora
(\concurrentes\) , synderlice se d+ag +te by+d on 
(\ix kl Aprl\) getacna+d hu fela beo+d on geare.
<R 46.12>
On hwylcum d+age man r+at (\ix kl Apr\) , swa fela beo+d
(\concurrentes\) .
<R 46.14>
Swylce ic +tus cwe+de: gif man r+at +t+ane datarum on
Sunnand+ag, +t+anne by+d an; gif on S+aternd+ag +tonne
beo+d seofon.
<R 46.16>
+t+at ylce we cwe+da+d be (\pridie kl Aprl & vii id Aprl &
xviii kl Mai & xi\) .
<R 46.18>
+tises circules gewuna ys, o+d+de ryne, +t+at locahwylce
(\concurrentes\) beon on +tam geare +te by+d (\bissextus\) , 
+t+at +ta w+aron fif wintrum +ar, & eft binnan syx
wintrum hig cuma+d.
<R 46.21>
& +ta beo+d +ty forman geare +after (\bissextum\) , hig
gewiton +ar endlufon wintrum, & eft hig gehwyrfa+d 
binnan syx geara fyrste.
<R 46.23>
& +ta +te beo+d on +tam o+drum geare +after +tam
(\bissextum\) , +ta ylcan urnon +ar syx wintrum, & binnan 
endlufon hig eft gecyrra+d.
<R 46.25>
& +ta +te beo+d on +tam +triddan geare +after (\bissextum\) ,
+ta w+aron syx wintrum +ar, & +after fif wintrum
hig gehwyrfa+d mid so+dre fyrdunge, +t+at ys mid fullum
gesceade.
<R 46.29>
(\Concurrentes\) on Grecisc synt gecwedene (\epacte\) , & on
Lyden (\adiectiones\) , +t+at synt togeihtnyssa.
<R 46.30>
Vs gelustfulla+d +tissera [{samodrynela{] , (\concurrentium\) ,
angin preostum +atywan.
<R 46.32>
Witodlice hi ne oferstiga+d +t+at seofonfealde get+al.
<R 46.33>
+t+are sunnan geares dagas +after +t+are sunnan ryne synt to
asmeagenne, & synt eac to asmuganne mid 
scrutniendre scrutnunge, for+don na+t+atan +t+at man sceal
findan +ta (\concurrentes\) , ac to eacan man sceal gemetan 
<P 48>
+ta rihtinga +t+ara daga, & eac +t+as monan.
<R 48.1>
We tod+ala+d +ta dagas +t+as geares +turh seofon, & swa
gl+adlice we becuma+d to +tam andgite swa myceles
[{gerenes{] .
<R 48.3>
We wilnia+d +t+at ne beo behydd +t+as cynlica weg heononfor+d
fram +t+ara eagum +te +tis sceawia+d.
<R 48.5>
We cwe+da+d openlice +ta tod+alednyssa +t+as seofonfealdan
get+ales on +t+at gerad, +t+at we magon, Criste
miltsigendum, +te ea+d gesundfullice in gan to +tam +tingum
+te we ymbe spreca+d.
<R 48.9>
[{Efne{] seofon beo+d sufon; twia seofon beo+d feowertyne;
+triwa seofon beo+d an & twentig; feower si+don 
seofon beo+d eahta & twentig; fif si+don seofon beo+d
fif & +trittig; syx si+don seofon beo+d twa &
feowertig; seofon si+don seofon beo+d nigon & feowertig;
eahta si+don seofon beo+d syx & fiftig; nigon 
si+don seofon beo+d +treo & syxtig; tyn si+don seofon
beo+d hundseofontig; twentig si+don seofon beo+d 
an hund & feowertig; +trittig si+don seofon beo+d twa
hundred & tyn; feowertig si+don seofon beo+d 
twa hundred & hundeahtatig; fiftig si+don seofon beo+d
+treo hundred & fiftig.
<R 48.19>
[{Git{] +t+ar synt fiftene to lafe; tod+ala+d +ta eall swa
+ta o+dre.
<R 48.20>
Twia seofon beo+d feowertyne.
<R 48.21>
Nu +t+ar ys an to lafe: nim +t+at an & sete on foreweardum
+tam (\concurrentium\) , & cwe+d (\primus cum bissexto\) .
<P 50>
<R 50.22>
Uton nu on Englisc ymbe +tys be d+ale wurdlian.
<R 50.23>
Hwanon +ta (\concurrentes\) uparison, we s+adon feawum
wordum.
<R 50.24>
Uton nu aginnan in to farenne to +tisses wingeardes weorce
mid wynsumum fotum.
<R 50.25>
For+don we sitta+d ymb +tam wege w+adligende mid Timeus sunu,
uton biddan +t+as +a+delan Dauides sunu +t+at 
he geopenige ure gesyh+de, +t+at we butan gedwylde +t+at
weorc magon began, +te we ongunnen habba+d.
<R 50.29>
Vton nu gleawlice swy+de geseon hwanon +arest arison +ta
(\regulares\) , +te man h+at (\feriarum\) .
<P 52>
<R 52.1>
+t+at ger +te man h+at solaris, swa hyt herbufan gecweden
ys, hyt +turhsmih+d zodiacum +tone circul 
on +trim hund dagum & fif & syxtigum, & on +tissum +tingum
seo sunne wuna+d on +tam twelf tacnum +trittig 
nihta & tyn tida & healfe tid, swa we herbufan
+atywdon, & gyt us lyst fulfremedlicor & swy+dor 
+tas +ting geopenian.
<R 52.6>
+te ys behefe +ting, la arwur+da cleric, +t+at +tu gemete on
get+al, +t+at ys swylce ic +tus hyt gehradige:
Nim ealle +ta dagas +te beo+d on twelf mon+dum, +t+at synt
+treohund daga & fif & syxtig daga.
<R 52.10>
Cwe+d hw+a+der +te selre +tince swa +trittig si+don twelf swa
xiielf si+don xxx.
<R 52.11>
+tonne beo+d +t+ar gegaderode [{ccclx{] .
<R 52.12>
Nim +ta fife & syle Martio.
<R 52.13>
Ymbe +t+ara o+dra mon+da rihtinge do +tus: nim +t+as +arran
mon+des dagas & his rihtinga, & do tosamne, for+don 
of +t+as +arran mon+des dagum & his rihtingum +tu
scealt findan +t+as +aftran; swylce ic +tis do to bisne.
<R 52.17>
Martius h+af+d an & +trittig daga & fif (\regulares\) , +t+at
synt rihtinga.
<R 52.18>
+t+at beo+d syx [{& +trittig{] .
[{Tod+ala+d +ta{] +turh seofon, swa we herbufan +atywdon.
<R 52.19>
Efne seofon beo+d seofon, twia seofon beo+d feowertyne,
+triwa seofon [{beo+d{] an & twentig, feower 
si+don seofon beo+d eahta & twentig, fif si+don seofon beo+d
fif & +trittig.
<R 52.23>
Nu +t+ar ys an to lafe; gif [{+t+are{] Aprili.
<R 52.24>
Of Aprilis dagum & his rihtingum +tu scealt findan Maius
rihtinga.
<R 52.25>
Aprilis h+af+d +trittig daga & anne (\regularem\) ; +t+at
beo+d an & xxx.
<R 52.26>
Tod+ala+d +ta, swa we +ar dydon & gyt wylla+d.
<R 52.27>
Feower si+don seofon beo+d eahta & twentig: +ar +t+ar w+aron
an & +trittig.
<R 52.29>
Nim +ta +treo +te +t+ar synt to lafe, & gif Maio, & cwe+d:
(\Maius tres\) .
<R 52.30>
+t+at we eow cy+da+d, gif eall +t+at get+al by+d tod+aled
+turh seofon, & +t+ar nan +ting ne by+d ofer +ta seofon, 
+tonne beo+d +t+ar seofon (\regulares\) .
<R 52.32>
Gyf +t+ar by+d an ofer +ta seofon, o+d+de twa, +treo o+d+de
feower, fife o+d+de syxe, +tonne beo+d +t+ar swa fela 
(\concurrentes\) o+d+de rihtinga.
<R 52.36>
Her+after we moton us gegearwian mid gastlicum w+apnum, +t+at
we magon +tam scolierum +tas +ting rumlice gecy+dan.
<R 52.38>
We wylla+d +t+at hig understandon +tisne cwide, (\Vasa
fictilia tanto solent esse utiliora quanto et uiliora\) , 
<P 54>
+teah we wace syn & +tas +ting leohtlice unwreon,
hig magon fremian bet +tonne +ta +te beo+d on 
leo+dwisan f+agre geglenged.
<R 54.4>
Nu we wylla+d gecy+dan hu man sceal mid +tam (\concurrentium\)
& +t+ara mon+da rihtingum findan hwylce d+age 
+ta mon+das gan on tun.
<R 54.15>
Eala wur+dfulla wer, gyf +tu wylt witan +aniges mon+des
gescead, hwylce d+age he cume to mannum, +tonne
nim +tu +t+as mon+d+as rihtinga & +ta (\concurrentes\) +te +ty
geare yrna+d, +t+ara fare we herbufan +atywdon.
<R 54.18>
Gif +t+ar beon ma +tonne seofon, do aweg +ta +t+ar ofer
beo+d, & wite mid fullum gesceade, gif +t+ar by+d
an ofer +ta seofon, +tonne tacna+d +t+at +t+at se mon+d
g+a+d on Sunnand+ag on tune.
<R 54.22>
gif +t+ar beo+d ofer +ta seofon twa o+d+de +treo, feower
o+d+de fife o+d+de syxe, wite +tu to so+de +t+at +ty d+ages 
cym+d se mon+d to mannum.
<R 54.25>
Her+after hyt gerist +t+at we gecy+don +after +tam forman
d+age, +t+at ys +after (\kl\) , hwylce [{d+age{] hyt sy.
<R 54.26>
Nim +tu, la geornfulla scoliere, ealle +ta dagas +te beo+d
agan +after +tam (\kl\) & do tog+adere & +t+as d+ages 
gerim, +t+at ys his (\feria\) .
<R 54.29>
Sunnand+ag h+af+d (\primam feriam\) & Monand+ag (\secundam\)
& S+aternd+ag (\septimam\) .
<R 54.30>
Sy+d+dan +tis sig gedon, forl+at +t+ane anwyr+dan d+ag: gif
+t+ar beo l+as +tonne seofon, 
<P 56>
swylc d+ag hyt by+d; 
gif +t+ar beo+d seofon, +tonne by+d hyt S+aternd+ag, swa
+teos r+ading +atyw+d.
<R 56.10>
Gerysenlic [{+tis{] +ting by+d +tam lareowe, +t+at he na
forhele his hlosnere +t+at riht +te he on +tam cr+afte
can.
<R 56.12>
Nu wylle ic bysne +atywan ymbe +ta +ting +te we nu handledon
& f+aste ymbe w+aron.
<R 56.13>
(\Kl Febris\) , +te nu is, eode on tun on +tunresd+ag, & nu to
d+ag, +tonne ic [^TORONTO CORPUS: is^] +tis write, ys se 
fifta d+ag.
<R 56.15>
Do +t+arto fife, for+ton +tunresd+ag h+af+d fif
(\regulares\) : +tonne beo+d +t+ar tyn.
<R 56.16>
Forl+at +tisne d+ag: +tonne beo+d +t+ar nigon.
<R 56.17>
Tod+al +ta nigon +turh seofon: +ane seofon beo+d seofon.
<R 56.18>
Twa +t+ar synt to lafe.
<R 56.19>
+ta tacnia+d +t+at hyt ys Monand+ag, +te ic +tis gesette.
+tis ylce understand be +tam o+drum dagum.
<R 56.21>
+at sumum cyrre, [{Prudens{] , an snotor wita, me get+ahte
+tisne cr+aft: (\Qualis feria est hodie\) ? [^LATIN OMITTED;
A LACUNA IN THE TEXT AFTER THE PASSAGE IN LATIN^]
<R 56.30>
healda+d an, & Februarius & Aprelis mid tyn rihtingum synd
underwri+dode.
<R 56.31>
Her+after Maius [{seh+d{] mid his endebyrdnysse endlufon
geferan, & [{Iunius{] gl+adlice 
<P 58>
upaspryt twelf rihtinga.
<R 58.1>
& +t+aron stent Iulius Casere mid +tryttenum +tegnum f+agere
gefr+atwod.
<R 58.2>
& Agustus eac, ealles folces frofor, mid feowertynum
rihtingum kynlice rixa+d.
<R 58.5>
Nu on Lyden we wylla+d +tas +ting preostum amearkian.
<R 58.27>
Gyf +tu wille witan mid fullum gesceade hwanon +ta
(\concurrentes\) cumon, +tonne gedo +tu tog+adere ealle 
+t+as geares dagas, +t+ara synt +treo hundred & fif &
syxtig daga on so+dum get+ale.
<R 58.30>
Tod+al +tas, eallswa we herbufan get+ahton, +turh seofon:
(\Septies quinquais fiunt trecentos quinquaginta\) ; 
+t+at ys on Englisc, Fiftig si+don seofon by+d +treo
hundred & fiftig.
<R 58.33>
& gyt +t+ar synt fiftyne.
<R 58.34>
Tod+ala+d +ta +turh seofon: twia seofon beo+d feowertyne.
<P 60>
<R 60.1>
+t+at an +te +t+ar ys to lafe, sete on foreweardum +tam
circule +te man nem+d (\concurrentium\) .
<R 60.2>
+alces geares (\concurrentes\) +tu miht witan be +tam
(\datarum nonarum Aprilium\) : locahwylce hig beo+d,
[{beo+d{] swa fela (\concurrentes\) .
<R 60.5>
Gif hig beo+d on Sunnand+ag, +tonne by+d an; gif hig beo+d
on S+aternd+ag, +tonne beo+d seofon.
<R 60.7>
[} (\DE REGVLARIBVS FERIARVM.\) }]
<R 60.8>
Gyf +tu wylle witan mid boclicum get+ale hwanon +ta
(\regulares\) cumon +te preostas cigea+d (\feriarum\) ,
+tonne tod+al +tu +t+ara daga get+al +te beo+d on twelf
mon+dum on +ta wisan +te we nu dydon, ac +turh twelf.
<R 60.11>
Twelf si+don +trittig, o+d+de +trittig si+don twelf, beo+d
+treo hundred & syxtig.
<R 60.13>
Nim +ta fife & gif Martio, & cwe+d, (\Martius quinque\) .
<R 60.15>
[} (\DE REGVLARIBVS LVNE.\) }]
<R 60.16>
Gyf +tu wylle witan mid wisdome +t+ara rihtinga gescead, +te
ge+tungene preostas cwe+da+d (\lunares\) , +tonne 
do +tu eallswa +tu nu dydest.
<R 60.18>
Tod+al +t+as geares dagas +turh +trittig si+don twelf, o+d+de
twelf si+don +trittig: beo+d +treo hundred & syxtig.
<R 60.20>
Nim +ta fife & gif Septembri.
Of Septembres dagum & his [{monan{] ylde +tu scealt findan
+t+as +aftran mon+des rihtinga.
<R 60.22>
Swylce ic +tus cwe+de: September h+af+d +trittig daga & fif
rihtinga.
<R 60.24>
Forl+at +ta +trittig, for+ton swa ealdne monan he h+af+d, &
nim +ta fife & gif Octobri.
<R 60.25>
October h+af+d an & +trittig daga & fif (\regulares\) , & he
h+af+d nigon & twentig nihta ealdne monan.
<R 60.27>
Nim +t+at +trittig get+al & +t+at an, & do to +tam fifum +te
October h+af+d: [{beo+d syx & +trittig{] .
<R 60.29>
[{Forl+at nigon & twentig for+don swa eald sceal beon his 
mona{] , +tonne beo+d +t+ar seofon.
<R 60.30>
Gif +ta Nouembri.
<R 60.31>
Do +t+at ylce be eallum +tam o+drum.
<R 60.32>
[} (\DE EPACTIS.\) }]
<R 60.33>
Nu hyt gerist +t+at we ymbe +ta epactas wurdlion.
<R 60.34>
Hig cuma+d, +t+as +de ge+tungene preostas recca+d, of +t+are
sunnan geres dagum.
<R 60.35>
On twelf mon+dum +after +t+are 
<P 62>
sunnan ryne beo+d +treo hund
daga & fif & syxtig daga, & +after +t+as monan 
ryne beo+d +treo hund daga & feower & fyftig.
<R 62.3>
Nu geswutelige ic heron, understande se +de wille, +t+at
+t+are sunnan ger h+af+d endlufon dagas ma +tonne 
+t+as monan ger.
<R 62.5>
+tas endlufon we setta+d on foreweardum +tam circule +te man
h+at (\epactarum: nulle, xi\) .
<R 62.8>
[} (\DE DVODECIM MENSIBVS.\) }]
<R 62.9>
Her+after we wylla+d amearkian +t+ara twelf mon+da naman, &
+t+aron gecy+dan eall +t+at gerad +t+at heora 
gehwylcum folga+d.
<R 62.11>
+arest we wylla+d fon on Ianuarium, for+ton he ys heafodhebba
& eac +t+as geares geendung, swa be him 
cw+a+d sum ge+tungen wita: (\Ianuarius dictus est eo quod sit
limes et [{ianua{] anni\) .
<R 62.15>
(\DE IANVARIO\) .
<R 62.16>
Se forma d+ag, & eall se mon+d, ys gehalgod mid Cristes
gebyrdtide.
<R 62.17>
& he h+af+d an & +trittig daga +after sunnan ryne, & +after
+t+as monan ryne +trittig, & seo niht by+d [{syxtyne{] 
tida lang, & se d+ag h+af+d eahta tida.
<R 62.19>
Ealra tida +tes mon+d h+af+d seofon hund tida & feower &
feowertig; & on +tissum mon+de g+a+d seo sunne 
on +t+at tacn +te is (\Aquarium\) genemned, & +t+aron wuna+d
+trittig daga & tyn tida & healfe tid.
<R 62.24>
(\DE FEBRVARIO\) .
<R 62.25>
Se o+der mon+d hatte Februarius.
He h+af+d eahta & twentig daga +after +t+are sunnan ryne
+treo ger; on +tam feor+dan geare, he h+af+d nigon 
& twentig, for+don+te an d+ag awyxst binnan feower
wintrum, & se by+d (\bissextus\) geciged, swa +ta 
ealdan witan us gecyddon, & we wylla+d nu ymbe his gerynu
geornlice smeagan.
<R 62.30>
Ac +arest ys to witanne +t+at se mona sceal habban his
(\bissextum\) , +t+at ys +t+at he h+af+d +ty geare anum
d+age ma daga +tonne +ty o+drum geare.
<R 62.33>
Februarius h+af+d (\lunam uigessimam 
<P 64>
nonam\) +treo
gear, & +tonne he sceal habban +trittig nihta ealdne monan.
<R 62.36>
Nu we ealles spr+ace habba+d ymbe +tone wundorlican
(\bissextum\) , hyt by+d geradlic +t+at we ascrutnion 
his fare & apinsiun his si+d, hwanon he come, & hwa hine
gesette, o+d+de hu he sy o+d+de to hwam he m+age.
<R 64.7>
[} (\DE BISSEXTO.\) }]
<R 64.8>
On +tam geare +te man h+at (\solarem\) on Lyden beo+d +treo
hund daga & fif & syxtig daga, & syx tida.
<R 64.9>
+ta synd on Lyden (\quadrantes\) genemned.
<R 64.10>
Of +tissum syx tidum aspring+d up (\bissextus\) .
<R 64.11>
Feower si+don syx beo+d feower & twentig: swa fela tida beo+d
+t+anne on +tam d+age & on +t+are nihte.
<R 64.14>
[} (\DE BISSEXTO.\) }]
<R 64.15>
Gyt we eow cy+da+d ymbe +tone arwyr+dan (\bissextum\) .
<R 64.16>
For+ton Romani hine gelogodon on +tissum mon+de, +t+at ys on
Februario, for+tam he ys scyrtest ealra mon+da 
& se ytemesta +after Lydenwarum.
<R 64.18>
(\Bissextus\) ys for+ton geciged, for+ton (\bis\) ys twia &
(\sextus\) ys se syxta, for+tam we cwe+da+d on 
+tam geare nu tod+ag: (\vi kl Martii\) & eft on morgen (\vi
kl\) .
<R 64.21>
Hyt gelimp+d +afre binnan feower geara f+ace +t+at an d+ag &
an niht gewixst, & se d+ag mid +t+are nihte 
sceal beon swa deoplice asmead, +t+at he fullice gefr+atwod
sy mid feower & twentig tidum.
<R 64.25>
[} (\DE BISSEXTO.\) }]
<R 64.26>
Ymbe +tises (\bissextus\) upasprungnysse o+d+de gefyllednysse,
we wylla+d rumlicor iungum cnihtum geopenian, 
+t+at hig cyrtenlice his fandunga understandon, & +t+at
hig sy+d+dan his sydunge o+drum gecy+don +te
his gerena ne cunnon.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 78>
<R 78.13>
Nu we habba+d be +tam (\bissextum\) & +tam (\saltum\) gemotud
& be Ianuarium & Februarium manega +ting gehrepode, 
nu wylle we for iungra manna +tingon [{uel{]
[{lufe{] fur+dor ure spr+ace a+tenian.
<R 78.16>
Oft seo brodige henn, +teah heo sarlice cloccige, heo
tospr+at hyre fy+dera & +ta briddas gewyrm+d; 
swa we +tencea+d iunglingas to frefrianne mid +tissere lare.
<R 78.20>
Crissimon ys +tis tacen geciged, & man hyt m+ag settan to
gewitnysse locahw+ar +tam writere ge+tince.
<R 78.23>
+deah ealle +ta mon+das synd mid mislicre blisse & wur+dscipe
geglengde, +teah is Martius swy+dost.
<R 78.24>
He h+af+d an & +trittig daga +after +t+are sunnan ryne, &
+after +t+as monan +trittig, & se +tridda & eac
se feor+da (\embolismus\) by+d on him.
<R 78.27>
Se mon+d +te by+d (\embolismus\) , he 
<P 80>
sceal habban xxxtig
daga, & he geic+d +t+at ger wel trumlice, +t+at
+t+as geares beo+d +treottyne mon+das fram +t+are
Easterlican tide +t+at heo eft cume.
<R 80.3>
+tu scealt gyman swy+de georne hw+anne (\viii id Martius\) ga
on tun, & loca swy+de georne hw+ar beo (\luna prima\) 
+t+ar+after, & wite +t+at he gebyra+d to +t+are
Easterlican tide.
<R 80.6>
& hawa swy+de scearplice hw+ar sy (\xii kl Aprelis\) , & wite
+tu to so+de +t+at Easterd+ages [{ (\terminus\) {]
ne m+ag beon +ar +tam datarum, +t+at ys +ar +tam d+age,
ne begeondan (\xiiii kl Mai\) .
<R 80.10>
& wite +tu mid fullum gesceade, +t+at Easterd+ag ne m+ag beon
+ar (\xi kl Aprl\) , ne begeondan (\vii kl Mai\) .
<R 80.13>
+dis tacen bi+d gesett +t+ar +ta deopan +ting beo+d unkydde.
<R 80.15>
On +tissum mon+de gesceop God +almihtig ealle gesceafta
gesewenlice & ungesewenlice.
<R 80.17>
He cw+a+d, Gewur+de leoht; & hyt gewear+d; Se
d+ag w+as on
(\xv kl Aprelis\) .
<R 80.18>
On +tam o+drum d+age, He geworhte (\firmamentum\) , +t+at ys
+teos heofon.
<R 80.20>
Heo ys gesewenlic & lichamlic, ac swa+teah we ne magon hig
n+afre geseon for +t+are fyrlenan heahnysse.
<R 80.22>
Seo heofon belig+d on hyre bosme ealne middaneard, & heo
+afre tyrn+d onbutan us.
<R 80.23>
Heo ys swyftre +tonne +anig mylenhwiol, eall swa deop
under +tisre eor+dan swa heo ys bufan.
<R 80.25>
Eall heo ys synewealt & ansund, & mid steorrum amet.
<R 80.26>
So+dlice +ta o+dre heofenan, +te bufan hyre synt & beneo+dan,
synt ungesewenlice & mannum [{unasmeagendlice{] .
<R 80.28>
Synd swa +teah ma heofena, swa swa se witega cwy+d: (\Celi
<P 82>
celorum\) .
<R 80.30>
+tas heofona tacnia+d +ta apostolas & +ta witegan: be heom ys
gecweden: (\Celi enarrant gloriam Dei\) .
<R 80.32>
On +tam +triddan d+age, +t+at ys on (\xiii kl Aprelis\) , He
gesceop ealle trywcynna & ealle grennyssa.
<R 82.5>
On +tam feor+dan d+age, +t+at ys on (\xii kl Aprelis\) , He
gesceop sunnan & monan & steorran & ealle tungla, 
& on +arne mergen +t+as d+ages up aras seo beorhte
sunne riht on eastende +t+are [{heofone{] , & +t+ane
monan +t+as ylcan +afenes He gesette on +t+are ylcan stowe,
& he w+as full swa swa he by+d +tonne he by+d 
fiftyne nihta eald.
<R 82.11>
+t+ane forman d+ag +tisre worulde man m+ag findan, swa ic
herbufan cw+a+d, +turh +t+as lengtenlican emnihtes
d+ag, for+ton se emnihtes d+ag ys se feor+da d+ag +tissere
worulde [{gescapennysse{] .
<R 82.14>
+try dagas w+aron +ar +tam d+age butan sunnan & monan &
eallum steorrum.
<R 82.15>
On +tam fiftan d+age, +t+at ys on (\xi kl\) , He gescop eall
wyrmcynn & creopende & fleogende & swymmende 
& slincgende & +ta myclan hw+alas & +ta lytlan sprottas &
eall fisckynn on myslicum & m+anigfealdum
hiwum.
<R 82.19>
On +tam syxtan d+age, +t+at ys on (\x kl Aprelis\) , He
gescop eall deorcynn & ealle nytenu +te on feower 
fotum ga+d & +t+ane man, Adam & Euan, & +ta He gebletsode.
<R 82.22>
On +tam seofo+dan d+age, He geendode His weorc, +t+at ys
(\ix kl Aprelis\) , & seo wucu w+as agan, & He gebletsode 
+t+ane d+ag.
<R 82.25>
Se eahto+da d+ag com +ta +after +tam seofo+dan & gewear+d
to +tam +t+as d+ages +te w+as (\viii kl Aprelis\) .
<R 82.26>
Se d+ag w+as amearcod on Godes foresceawunge.
<R 82.27>
On +tam d+age w+aron englas gesceapene; on +tam d+age w+as
se heahengel Gabriel asend to Sancta Maria;
on +tam +d+age he aras of dea+de; on +tam d+age Godes gast
com to mancynne.
<R 82.30>
He ys halig sunnad+ag: 
<P 84>
+tonne ealle dagas ateoria+d, +tonne
+turhwuna+d he aa on his symbelnysse.
<R 84.2>
He ys engla bliss & ealra haligra ece frofor.
<R 84.4>
God +trowode on +tissum mon+de, & He aras of dea+de & He
Hine +atywde His leorningcnihtum on +tam datarum 
+te we r+ada+d (\vi kl Aprelis\) .
<R 84.7>
Be d+ale we habba+d gehrepod Martius mon+d; nu wylle we ymbe
Aprilis wur+dscipe wurdlian.
<R 84.8>
He ys mid manegum +tingum gefr+atwod.
<R 84.9>
An +t+ara +tinga ys +t+at we sceolon witan mid fullum
gesceade hw+ar +t+as monan niwnys beo on Martio up 
asprungen, & o+der +t+at we sceolon witan hw+ar he beo
xiiiima +after +t+are emnihte, & +tridde +t+at 
we sceolon healdan +ta Eastertid on +t+are +triddan wucan, &
feor+de +ting ys +t+at we anbydion +t+as sunnand+ages 
& se mona ne beo +ty d+ages na l+assa +tonne
fiftyne nihta ne +t+as d+ages na yldra +tonne an & 
twentig nihta.
<R 84.17>
On +tissum mon+de oft by+d se Easterlice tid gehealden, & on
(\pridie non Aprelis\) by+d geendod se +tridda 
(\embolismus\) & se seofo+da.
<R 84.19>
& on (\non Aprilis\) by+d se forma termen on +tam circule
+te ys (\decennouenalis\) o+d+de (\pascalis\) gehaten.
<R 84.21>
& on (\xv kl Mai\) g+a+d seo sunne on +t+at tacen +te ys
Taurus geciged.
<R 84.23>
Easterd+ag ne m+ag beon n+afre +ar (\xi kl Aprelis\) ne
+after (\vii kl Mai\) .
<R 84.24>
+teah se mona beo xiiii nihta eald +ar (\xi kl Aprelis\)
o+d+de +after (\vii kl Mai\) , wite +tu to so+de 
+t+at he ne gebyra+d to +t+are Easterlican tide.
<R 84.28>
+tes mon+d h+af+d tyn tida on niht & xiiii on d+ag.
<P 86>
<R 86.1>
Vton nu her+after sceortlice sprecan ymbe Maium.
<R 86.2>
+teah he wynsumlice blowe & bl+adnyssa f+agere geyppe, seo
Easterlice tid hine wynsumlicor gefr+atwa+d.
<R 86.3>
Maius h+af+d an & +trittig daga, & on +tam nigo+dan d+age
sumor g+a+d on tun, & on +tam eahtateo+dan d+age
seo sunne g+a+d on +tam tacne +te ys Gemini genemned: & he
h+af+d eahta tida on niht & syxtyne on d+ag.
<R 86.8>
+after him Iunius sih+d to mancynne; & he h+af+d +trittig
daga, & wel gelome by+d Pentecosten on him geendod.
<R 86.10>
& seo sunne g+a+d on +tam tacne +te ys Cancer gehaten.
<R 86.11>
& on (\xii kl Iulius\) by+d sunstede, +t+at ys on Lyden
(\solstitium\) & on Englisc midsumor.
<R 86.12>
Twegen sunstedas synd & twa emniht on +tam twelf mon+dum, &
twelf tacna, & feower timan, & feower 
ylda on mankynne, & feower stafas on Adames naman, & feower
gesceaft.
<R 86.16>
Ealle +tas +ting we wylla+d her amearkian, +t+at se iunga
preost m+age beon +te wisra, +te he +tas +ting gesih+d.
<R 86.18>
Eac her ys geswutelod Godes nama, +t+at ys (\Deus\) .
<R 86.19>
Ram; fearr; getwysan; crabba; lyo; m+aden; w+age, vel pund;
n+addre; scytta; bucca; w+atergita; fixas.
<R 86.20>
+after Iunium cym+d Iulius: he h+af+d an & +trittig daga
+after +t+are sunnan ryne, & +after +t+as monan +trittig: 
& (\xv kl Augustus\) g+a+d seo sunne on +t+at tacen +te
ys genemned Leo.
<R 86.24>
& ymbe fiftyne niht Agustus sih+d to mannum mid genihtsumum
h+arfeste; & (\autumnus\) , +t+at ys h+arfesttima, 
cym+d to mancynne binnan seofon nihta fyrste.
<R 86.27>
& +tes mon+d h+af+d an & +trittig nihta +after +t+are sunnan
ryne, & nigon & twentig +after +t+as monan: & seo 
sunne g+a+d on +t+at tacen +te hatte Virgo on (\xv kl
Septembris\) ; 
<P 88>
& seo niht h+af+d tyn tida & se d+ag 
feowertyne; & se (\saltus lune\) , +t+at ys +t+as monan
hlyp, by+d betwyx (\pridie kl [{Augusti{] \) & betwyx (\kl\) .
<R 88.4>
September h+af+d +trittig daga +after +t+are sunnan ryne, &
eall swa +after +t+as monan; & seo sunne g+a+d on 
+t+at tacen +te hatte Libra, on (\xv kl Octobris\) ; & seo
emniht by+d +t+ar+after on (\xii kl Octobris\) , 
eall swa we hyt habba+d amearcod her beforan; & +tes mon+d
h+af+d twelf tida on +t+are nihte +te seo emniht 
by+d, & twelf on d+ag.
<R 88.9>
Sy+d+dan langa+d seo niht & wana+d se d+ag eall +t+at
(\xiima kl Ianuarii\) cym+d to mancynne.
<R 88.12>
October h+af+d an & +trittig daga +after +t+are sunnan ryne,
& +after +t+as monan +trittig: & seo sunne g+a+d
on (\xv kl Nouember\) on +t+at tacen +te hatte Scorpio: &
+tes mon+d h+af+d feowertyne tida on niht & x on d+age.
<R 88.16>
Her+after cym+d Nouember m+arlice geglenged to mancynne; & he
h+af+d +trittig daga +after +t+are sunnan ryne, 
& eall swa +after +t+as monan; & seo sunne g+a+d on (\xv
kl December\) on +t+at tacen +te ys Sagittarius 
genemned; & her+after cym+d (\kl Decembris\) .
<R 88.20>
He h+af+d an & +trittig daga +after +t+are sunnan ryne, &
+after +t+as monan ix & twentig; & seo sunne g+a+d 
on (\xv kl Ianuarii\) on +t+at tacen +te hatte
Capricornus; & +t+at ymbrenf+asten by+d on +tissum mon+de, 
& hyt sceal beon gef+ast onsundron.
<R 88.25>
Gyf middeswintres m+assed+ag by+d on Sunnand+ag, +tonne
sceal man f+astan on +tam +arran S+aternesd+age.
<R 88.27>
+tes mon+d h+af+d eahtatyne tida on niht & syx on d+ag.
<R 88.28>
+tas twelf mon+das +te we habba+d ymbe gereht, hig habba+d
ealra daga +treohund daga & fif & syxtig daga 
<P 90>
& syx tida, +t+at ys twa & fiftig wucan.
<R 90.1>
Ealle +tas mon+das habba+d +atg+adere eahta +tusend tida &
seofonhund tida & [{syx & syxtig{] tida.
<R 90.3>
Se mon+d +te h+af+d +trittig daga & anne d+ag, he h+af+d
seofonhund tida & feower & feowertig.
<R 90.5>
Swa Ianuarius & Martius & Maius & Iulius, Augustus, October
& December +tas habba+d swa fela tida swa we nu cw+adon.
<R 90.7>
Aprelis, Iunius, September & Nouember habba+d feower &
twentig l+as: & Februarius, for+don he ys se 
l+asta & he h+af+d twegra daga l+as +tonne +ta o+dre, for+ton
he forl+at [{eahta{] & feowertig tida.
<R 90.11>
Her+after we wylla+d eow amearkian hwylce mon+das habba+d
+trittig nihta ealdne monan, hwylce nigon & twentig.
<R 90.13>
Ianuarius, Martius, Maius, Iulius, September, Nouember +ta
sceolon habban +trittig nihta ealdne monan, 
buton hyt awende se mihtiga (\embolismus\) .
<R 90.15>
Hyt getima+d +t+at se (\embolismus\) by+d on (\kl
Decembris\) , +t+at ys on +tam mon+de +tonne sceal he habban 
+trittig nihta ealdne monan agen gecynde, & Ianuarius +turh
gewunan, & Februarius for +tan (\bissextus\) , 
+te +afre binnan +tam feor+dan geare cym+d mid gewisse,
& Martius sceal habban +trittig nihta ealdne 
monan for+tam hyt him swa gedihte mid fulre mihte se +de
mid eallum gesceade +ta +ting gegaderode.
<R 90.24>
+t+at sceolon preostas witan mid fullum gerade, +t+at feower
ymbrenf+astenu beo+d on twelf mon+dum, eall
swa feower timan beo+d & feower ylda & twegen sunstedas &
twa emniht.
<R 90.28>
Her synd +t+ara twelf mon+da naman awritene.
<R 90.29>
+das +ting we underwri+da+d mid +trim swerum, +ta synd
f+agere geciged, swa +ta fotstanas wynsumlice geswutelia+d 
+tam +te hig sceawia+d.
<R 90.32>
Ymbe +ta feower timan we wylla+d cy+dan iungum preostum ma
+tinga, +t+at hig magon +te ranclicor +tas +ting
heora clericum geswutelian.
<R 90.34>
(\Ver\) ys lengtentima, & he 
<P 92>
g+a+d to tune on (\vii id
Februarii\) ; & he by+d w+at & wearm; & +try mon+das
he by+d betwux mannum; & he h+af+d an & hundnigontig daga;
& he h+af+d emniht.
<R 92.3>
Se o+der tima hatte (\+astas\) , +t+at by+d sumor.
<R 92.4>
On [{lengtentiman{] springa+d o+d+de grenia+d w+astmas, & on
sumera hig weaxa+d, & on h+arfest hig ripia+d.
<R 92.6>
Sumor by+d wearm & drigge; & +tes tima by+d +try mon+das, &
he h+af+d hundnigontig daga; & he g+a+d to mannum 
on (\vii id Mai\) ; & he h+af+d sunstede.
<R 92.9>
Se +tridda tima ys (\autumnus\) on Lyden gecweden, & on
Englisc h+arfest: boceras getrahtnia+d +t+ane naman 
for +t+are ripunge o+d+de for +t+are gaderunge.
<R 92.12>
Hig cwe+da+d: (\Autumnus propter autumationem uel propter
maturitatem\) .
<R 92.13>
Se g+a+d on (\vii id Augusti\) to tune; & he by+d +try
mon+das; & he h+af+d emniht; & he h+af+d hundnigontig 
daga; & he by+d drigge & ceald.
<R 92.16>
Se feor+da tima ys genemned (\hiemps\) on Lyden & winter on
Englisc.
<R 92.17>
He h+af+d sunstede, & twa & hundnigontig daga; & he by+d
+try mon+das; & he by+d ceald & w+at.
<R 92.19>
Eall swa +tas feower timan synd on +tam gerime amearcod swa
hig eac wrixlia+d wy+d mancynne.
<R 92.21>
Eac ys +tam preoste to witanne +t+at +tes middaneard stent
on feower gesceaftum underwry+ded, & eac mid 
feower m+agen+trymmum gefr+atwod.
<R 92.23>
+ta feower gesceaft synd +tus geciged: (\+ar, ignis, aqua,
terra\) ; & +ta feower m+agna +tus synd genemned: 
(\iustitia, prudentia, temperantia, fortitudo\) .
<R 92.26>
& +tas +ting we wylla+d her amearkian.
<R 92.30>
Fela we habba+d gesett & manige +ting gehrepod ymbe +tissum
+tingum, & gyt us gelustfulla+d +tas +ting to geopenianne.
<R 92.32>
We witon +t+at +t+are n+addran attor ys +t+as mannes
<P 94>
unh+alo: swa +tas +ting +tinca+d +tam arasedum clericum 
unweor+dlice, ac +tam +te +t+at Lyden ne understanda+d, hig
magon +te leohtlicor witan hw+at gerimcr+aft forstande.



<B COTEMPO>
<Q O3 EX SCIA TEMP>
<N DE TEMPORIBUS ANNI>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE ASTRONOMY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^AELFRIC'S DE TEMPORIBUS ANNI.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 213.
ED. H. HENEL.
LONDON, 1942.
PP. 2.1 - 82.16^]

[^B1.9.4^]
<P 2>
<R 1>
[} (\DE TEMPORIBUS ANNI\) }]
   Her +after fylig+d an lytel cwyde be gearlicum tidum.
<R 2>
+t+at nis to spelle geteald ac elles to r+adenne +tam +de hit
lica+d.
<R 1.1>
[} [\ (\DE DIE.\) \] }]
   Ic wolde eac gif ic dorste gadrian sum gehw+ade andgit of
+d+are bec +te BEDA, se snotera lareow gesette, 
& gegaderode of manegra wisra lareowa bocum be +d+as geares
ymbrenum, fram anginne middaneardes.
<R 1.2>
Witodlice +da +da se +almihtiga scyppend +tisne middaneard
gesceop, +ta cw+a+d he, gewur+de leoht, & leoht 
w+as +d+arrihte geworden.
<R 1.3>
+da geseah God +t+at +t+at leoht w+as god, & tod+alde +t+at
leoht fram +dam +teostrum, & het +t+at leoht d+ag & +da 
+teostru niht, & w+as +da geteald +afen & merigen to anum
d+age.
<R 1.4>
On +dam o+drum d+age gesceop God heofonan, seo +te is gehaten
(\firmamentum\) , seo is gesewenlic & lichamlic, 
ac swa +deah we ne magon for +d+are fyrlenan heahnysse,
& +t+ara 
<P 4>
wolcna +ticnysse, & for ure eagena 
tyddernysse hi n+afre geseon.
<R 1.5>
Seo heofen belic+d on hire bosme ealne middaneard, & heo +afre
tyrn+d onbuton us swyftre +donne +anig mylenhweowul, 
eal swa deop under +tyssere eor+dan swa heo is bufon.
<R 1.6>
Eall heo is sinewealt & ansund, & mid steorrum amett.
<R 1.7>
So+dlice +da o+dre heofenan +de bufon hire sind, & beneo+dan,
sind ungesewenlice, & mannum unasmeagendlice.
<P 6>
<R 1.8>
Sind swa +deah ma heofenan, swa swa se witega cw+a+d; (\Celi
celorum\) , +t+at is heofena heofenan.
<R 1.9>
Eac se apostol Paulus awrat +t+at he w+as gel+ad o+d +ta
+driddan heofenan, & he +d+ar gehyrde +da digelan word 
+de nan man sprecan ne mot.
<R 1.10>
On +dam +driddan d+age gesceop se +almihtiga God s+a, &
eor+dan, & ealle eor+dlice spryttinga.
<R 1.11>
+tas +dry dagas w+aron buton sunnan & monan, & steorran &
eallum tidum, gelicere w+agan mid leohte & +teostrum a+denede.
<R 1.12>
On +dam feor+dan d+age gesceop God twa miccle leoht, +t+at is
sunne & mona; & bet+ahte +t+at mare leoht +t+at
is seo sunne to +dam d+age, & +t+at l+asse leoht +t+at is se
mona to +d+are nihte.
<R 1.13>
On +dam ylcan d+age he geworhte ealle steorran, & tida gesette.
<P 8>
<R 1.14>
On +dam fiftan d+age he gesceop eal wyrmcynn, & +da micclan
hwalas & eal fisccynn, on mislicum & menigfealdum hiwum.
<R 1.15>
On +dam sixtan d+age he gesceop eal deorcynn, & ealle nytenu
+te on feower fotum ga+d, & +ta twegen men Adam & Euan.
<R 1.16>
On +dam seofo+dan d+age he geendode his weorc & seo wucu w+as
+da agan.
<R 1.17>
Nu is +alc d+ag on +disum middanearde of +d+are sunnan 
lihtinge.
<R 1.18>
So+dlice seo sunne g+a+d be Godes dihte betwux heofenan &
eor+dan, on d+ag bufon eor+dan & on niht under 
+dysse eor+dan, eal swa feorr adune on nihtlicere tide under
+t+are eor+dan swa heo on d+ag bufon upastih+d.
<P 10>
<R 1.19>
+afre heo bi+d yrnende ymbe +das eor+dan, & eal swa leohte
scin+d under +d+are eor+dan on nihtlicere tide,
swa swa heo on d+ag de+d bufon urum heafdum.
<R 1.20>
On +da healfe +de heo scin+d +t+ar bi+d d+ag, & on +da healfe
+de heo ne scin+d +t+ar bi+d niht.
<R 1.21>
+afre bi+d on sumere sidan +t+are eor+dan d+ag, & +afre on
sumere sidan niht.
<R 1.22>
+t+at leoht +de we hata+d d+agered, cym+d of +d+are sunnan
+tonne heo upweard bi+d; & heo +donne todr+af+d +ta nihtlican 
+deostru +durh hire micclan leohte.
<R 1.23>
Eal swa +dicce is seo heofen mid steorrum afylled on d+ag swa
on niht, ac hi nabba+d nane lihtinge for
+d+are sunnan andwerdnysse.
<R 1.24>
We hata+d +anne d+ag fram sunnan upgange o+d +afen, ac swa
+deah on bocum is geteald to anum d+age fram +d+are 
sunnan upgange o+d +t+at heo eft becume +t+ar heo +ar
uppstah, on +dam f+ace sind getealde feower & twentig tida.
<P 12>
<R 1.25>
Seo sunne is swi+de micel, eal swa brad heo is +t+as +de bec
secga+d, swa eal eor+dan ymbhwyrft, ac heo +dinc+d 
us swi+de unbrad, for+dan +de heo is swi+de feor fram
urum gesih+dum.
<R 1.26>
+alc +ding swa hit +de fyrr bi+d, swa hit +de l+asse +dinc+d.
<R 1.27>
We magon hw+a+dere tocnawan be hire leoman, +t+at heo unlytel
is.
<R 1.28>
Swa hra+de swa heo upastih+d heo scin+d geond ealle eor+dan
gelice, & ealre eor+dan bradnysse endemes oferwrih+d.
<R 1.29>
Eac swilce +da steorran +de us lytle +dinca+d, sind swi+de
brade, ac for +dam micclum f+ace +te us betweonan 
is hi sind ge+duhte urum gesih+dum swi+de gehw+ade.
<R 1.30>
Hi ne mihton swa +deah nan leoht to eor+dan asendan, fram
+d+are healican heofenan, gif hi swa gehw+ade
w+aron swa swa urum eagum +dinc+d.
<R 1.31>
So+dlice se mona & ealle steorran underfo+d leoht of +d+are
micclan sunnan, & heora nan n+af+d n+anne leoman 
buton of +d+are sunnan leoman.
<R 1.32>
& +deah +de seo sunne under eor+dan on nihtlicere tide scine,
+teah astih+d hire leoht on sumere sidan +t+are eor+dan 
<P 14>
+te +da steorran bufon us onliht, & +donne heo
upag+a+d, heo oferswi+d ealra +d+ara steorrena, 
& eac +t+as monan leoht mid hire orm+atan leohte.
<R 1.33>
Seo sunne getacna+d urne h+alend Crist, se +de is rihtwisnysse
sunne, swa swa se witega cw+a+d.
<R 1.34>
(\Timentibus autem nomen domini, orietur sol iustiti+e, et
sanitas in pennis eius\) ; +tam mannum +te him
ondr+ada+d Godes naman, +dam arist rihtwisnysse sunne, &
h+al+d is on hire fi+derum.
<R 1.35>
Se mona +de weax+d & wana+d getacna+d +tas andwerdan
gela+dunge, +de we on sind.
<R 1.36>
Seo is weaxende +turh acennedum cildum, & wanigende +turh
for+dfarendum.
<R 1.37>
+da beorhtan steorran getacnia+d +da geleaffullan on Godes
gela+dunge, +de on goddre drohtnunge scina+d.
<R 1.38>
Crist so+dlice onliht hi ealle +turh his gife, swa swa se
godspellere Iohannes cw+a+d; (\Erat lux uera, 
que inluminat omnem hominem uenientem in hunc mundum\) ; +t+at
so+de leoht com +te onliht +alcne mannan cumendne 
to +disum middanearde.
<P 16>
<R 1.40>
N+af+d ure nan nan leoht +anigre godnysse buton of Cristes
gife, se +de is so+dre rihtwisnysse sunne gehaten.
<R 2.1>
[} (\DE PRIMO DIE SAECULI, SIUE DE EQUINOCTIO UERNALI.\) }]
   +done forman d+ag +tyssere worulde we magon afindan +turh
+d+as lenctenlices emnihtes d+age, for+dan +de se 
emnihtes d+ag is se feor+da d+ag +tissere worulde
gesceapennysse.
<R 2.2>
+dry dagas w+aron +ar +dam d+age buton sunnan & monan & eallum
steorrum; & on +tam feor+dan d+age +tyssere worulde 
gesceapennysse, gesceop se +almihtiga scyppend sunnan,
& gesette hi on +arne merigen on middan
eastd+ale, +t+ar [{+d+as{] emnihtes circul is geteald, +t+at
heo +afre ymbe geares ymbrynum +t+ar +done d+ag, & +da 
niht geemnytte on gelicere w+agan.
<P 18>
<R 2.3>
+d+as ylcan d+ages he gesette +done monan fulne on +afnunge,
on eastd+ale mid scinendum steorrum samod, on 
+d+as h+arfestlican emnihtes ryne, & +da easterlican tid
+turh +d+as monan anginn gesette.
<R 2.4>
We willa+d fur+dor ymbe +das emnihte swi+dor sprecan on
gedafenlicere stowe; & we secga+d nu sceortlice 
+t+at se forma d+ag +dyssere worulde is geteald to +dam d+age
+te we hata+d (\Quinta decima kalendas Aprilis\) ,
& +d+as emnihtes d+ag is geh+afd, swa swa Beda t+ac+d,
+d+as on +dam feor+dan d+age, +t+at is, (\on duodecima 
kalendas Aprelis\) .
<R 2.5>
Embe +dis we spreca+d eft swi+dor, swa swa we +ar beheton.
<R 3.1>
[} (\DE NOCTE.\) }]
   Niht is gesett mannum to reste on +disum middanearde.
<R 3.2>
So+dlice on +dam heofenlicum e+dele nis nan niht geh+afd, ac
+d+ar is singal leoht buton +alcum +deostrum.
<P 20>
<R 3.3>
Ure eor+dlice niht so+dlice cym+d +turh +d+are eor+dan sceade.
<R 3.4>
+tonne seo sunne g+a+d on +afnunge under +dyssere eor+dan,
+tonne bi+d +t+are eor+dan bradnys betwux us & +d+are
sunnan, +t+at we hire leoman lihtinge nabba+d o+d +t+at heo
eft on o+derne ende upastih+d.
<R 3.5>
Witodlice +deah +de hit wunderlic +dince, nis +deos woruldlice
niht nan +ding buton +d+are eor+dan sceadu betwux 
+d+are sunnan & mancynne.
<R 3.6>
Woruldlice u+dwitan s+adon +t+at seo sceadu astih+d up o+d
+t+at heo becym+d to +t+are lyfte ufweardan, & +donne 
beyrn+d se mona hwiltidum +tonne he full bi+d on +d+are
sceade ufwearde, & fagette+d o+t+te mid ealle aswearta+d, 
for+dan +de he n+af+d +t+are sunnan leoht +da hwile
+de he +t+are sceade ord oferyrn+d, o+d +t+at +d+are sunnan 
leoman hine eft onlihton.
<R 3.7>
Se mona n+af+d nan leoht buton of +d+are sunnan leoman, & he
is ealra tungla ny+demest, & for+di beyrn+d on 
+t+are eor+dan sceade +tonne he full bi+d, na symle swa
+deah for +dam bradan circule +te is zodiacus gehaten, 
under +dam circule yrn+d seo sunne & se mona & +da twelf
tunglena tacna.
<P 22>
<R 3.8>
Witodlice +t+as monan trendel is symle gehal & ansund, +deah
+de he eal endemes eallunge ne scine.
<R 3.9>
D+aghwomlice +t+as monan leoht bi+d weaxende o+d+de wanigende
feower pricon +durh +d+are sunnan leoman.
<R 3.10>
& he g+a+d d+aghwomlice o+t+te to +d+are sunnan o+d+de fram
+d+are sunnan swa fela pricon, na +t+at he becume to 
+d+are sunnan, for+dan +de seo sunne is micele ufor +tonne
se mona sy.
<R 3.11>
He cym+d swa +deah foron ongean +t+are sunnan, +donne he of
hire ontend bi+d.
<R 3.12>
Symle he went his hricg to +d+are sunnan, +t+at is se
sinewealta ende +te +t+ar onliht bi+d.
<R 3.13>
We cwe+da+d +tonne niwne monan +after menniscum gewunan, ac he
is +afre se ylca +deah +te his leoht gelomlice hweorfe.
<R 3.14>
+t+at +amtige f+ac bufon +d+are lyfte is +afre scinende of
+dam heofenlicum tunglum.
<P 24>
<R 3.15>
Hit getima+d hwiltidum +tonne se mona beyrn+d on +dam ylcan
strican +te seo sunne yrn+d, +t+at his trendel 
underscyt +d+are sunnan to +dan swi+de +t+at heo eal
a+deostra+d, & steorran +ateowia+d swylce on nihte.
<R 3.16>
+dis gelimp+d seldon, & n+afre buton on niwum monan.
<R 3.17>
Be +dam is to understandenne +t+at se mona is orm+ate brad,
+tonne he m+ag +durh his underscyte +ta sunnan a+deostrian.
<R 3.18>
Seo niht h+af+d seofon d+alas, fram +d+are sunnan setlunge o+d
hire upgang.
<R 3.19>
An +d+ara d+ala is (\Crepusculum\) , +t+at is +afengloma.
<R 3.20>
O+der is (\Uesperum\) , +tonne se +afensteorra betwux +t+are
repsunge +ateowa+d.
<R 3.21>
+dridde is (\Conticinium\) , +tonne ealle +ding suwia+d on
heora reste.
<R 3.22>
Feor+da is (\Intempestum\) , +t+at is midniht.
<P 26>
<R 3.23>
Fifta is (\Gallicinium\) , +t+at is hancred.
<R 3.24>
Sixta is (\Matutinum uel Aurora\) , +t+at is d+agred.
<R 3.25>
Seofo+da is (\Diluculum\) , +t+at is se +armergen, betwux +dam
d+agrede & sunnan upgange.
<R 3.26>
Wucan & mon+das sind mannum cu+de +after heora andgite, &
+deah +de we hi +after boclicum andgite awriton, 
hit wile +dincan ungel+aredum mannum to deoplic & ungewunelic.
<R 3.27>
We secga+d swa +deah be +d+are halgan eastertide, +t+at swa
hw+ar swa bi+d se mona feowertyne nihta eald, fram 
(\duodecima kalendas Aprelis\) , +t+at on +dam d+age bi+d
seo easterlice gem+aru, +te we hata+d (\terminus\) .
<R 3.28>
& gif se (\terminus\) +t+at is se (\quarta decima luna\)
becym+d on +done sunnand+ag,
+tonne bi+d se d+ag Palmsunnand+ag.
<R 3.29>
Gif se (\terminus\) bescyt on sumum d+age +t+are wucan, +donne
bi+d se sunnand+ag +t+ar +after easterd+ag.
<P 28>
<R 4.1>
[} (\DE ANNO.\) }]
   +t+are sunnan gear is +t+at heo beyrne +done micelan circul
Zodiacum, & gecume under +alc +t+ara twelf tacna.
<R 4.2>
+alce mona+d heo yrn+d under an +d+ara tacna.
<R 4.3>
An +d+ara tacna is gehaten Aries, +t+at is Ramm.
<R 4.4>
O+der, Taurus, +t+at is fearr.
<R 4.5>
+dridda, Gemini, +t+at sind getwisan.
<R 4.6>
Feor+da, Cancer, +t+at is Crabba.
<R 4.7>
Fifta, Leo.
<R 4.8>
Sixta, Uirgo, +t+at is m+aden.
<R 4.9>
Seofo+da, Libra, +t+at is pund o+t+te w+age.
<R 4.10>
Eahteo+de is Scorpius, +t+at is +drowend.
<R 4.11>
Nigo+de is Sagittarius, +t+at is Scytta.
<R 4.12>
Teo+de is Capricornus, +t+at is buccan horn o+d+de bucca.
<R 4.13>
Endlyfte is Aquarius, +t+at is w+atergyte o+t+te se +de
w+ater gyt.
<R 4.14>
Twelfte is Pisces, +t+at sind fixas.
<P 30>
<R 4.15>
+das twelf tacna sind swa gehiwode on +dam heofonlicum rodere
& sind swa brade +t+at hi gefylla+d twa tida 
mid hire upgange o+d+de ni+dergange.
<R 4.16>
+alc +d+ara twelf tacna hylt his mona+d, & +tonne seo sunne hi
h+af+d ealle underurnen, +donne bi+d an gear agan.
<R 4.17>
On +dam geare sind getealde twelf mon+das, & twa & fiftig
wucan, +treo hund daga & fif & sixtig daga, & 
+t+ar to eacan six tida, +te macia+d +afre embe +t+at
feor+de gear +tone d+ag & +da niht +te we hata+d 
(\bissextum\) .
<R 4.18>
Romanisce leoda onginna+d heora gear +after h+a+denum gewunan,
on winterlicere tide.
<R 4.19>
Ebrei healda+d heora geares anginn, on lenctenlicere emnihte.
<R 4.20>
+ta Greciscan onginna+d heora gear +at +dam sunstede, & +da
Egyptiscan on h+arfeste.
<R 4.21>
Ac +da Ebreiscan +deoda +te Godes +a heoldon ongunnon heora
geares anginn ealra rihtlicost, +t+at is on +d+are 
lenctenlican emnihte (\XIIa kalendas aprilis\) , on +dam
d+age +te seo 
<P 32>
sunne & [{se{] mona & ealle tunglan 
& gearlice tida gesette w+aron.
<R 4.22>
So+dlice +t+as monan gear h+af+d seofon & twentig daga & eahta
tida.
<R 4.23>
On +dam fyrste he underyrn+d ealle +da twelf tacna, +te seo
sunne underg+a+d twelf mona+d.
<R 4.24>
Se mona is so+dlice be sumon d+ale swiftra +donne seo sunne,
ac swa +deah +turh +da swyftnysse ne mihte he 
underyrnan ealle +da twelf tunglan binnon seofon & twentigum
dagum & eahta tidum, gif he urne swa up swa seo sunne.
<R 4.25>
+d+are sunnan ryne is swi+de rum, for+dan +de heo is swi+de
upp; & +t+as monan ryne is nearo, for+dan +te he 
yrn+d ealra tungla ny+demyst, & +t+are eor+dan gehendost.
<R 4.27>
Nu miht +du understandan, +t+at l+assan ymbgang h+af+d se man
+te g+a+d onbuton an hus, +tonne se +de ealle +ta
burh beg+a+d.
<P 34>
<R 4.28>
Swa eac se mona h+af+d his ryne hra+dor aurnen on +dam l+assan
ymbhwyrfte +tonne seo sunne h+abbe on +dam maran.
<R 4.29>
+tis is +t+as monan gear, ac his mona+d is mare, +t+at is
+donne he gecyr+d niwe fram +d+are sunnan o+d +t+at he
eft cume hire forne gean, eald & ateorod, & eft +durh hi beo
ontend.
<R 4.30>
On +dam mon+de sind getealde nigon & twentig daga & twelf
tida; +tis is se monlica mona+d, & his gear 
is +t+at he underyrne ealle +da twelf tunglan.
<R 4.31>
On sumon geare bi+d se mona twelf si+don geniwod, fram +d+are
halgan eastertide o+d eft eastron, & on sumon 
geare he bi+d +treottyne si+don geedniwod.
<R 4.32>
+t+at gear +te we hata+d (\Communis\) h+af+d twelf niwe monan,
& +t+at gear +de we hata+d (\embolismus\) h+af+d +treottyne 
niwe monan.
<R 4.33>
Se monlica mona+d h+af+d +afre on anum mon+de +tritig nihta, &
on o+drum nigon & twentig.
<R 4.34>
On swa hwilcum sunlicum mon+de swa swa se mona geenda+d, se
bi+d his mona+d.
<P 36>
<R 4.35>
Ic cwe+de nu gewislicor, gif se ealda mona geenda+d twam dagum
o+d+de +drim binnon hlydan mon+de, +tonne bi+d 
he geteald to +dam mon+de, & be his regolum acunnod, & swa
for+d be +dam o+drum.
<R 4.36>
Feower tida sind getealde on anum geare; +t+at sind (\UER,
ESTAS, AUTUMNUS, HIEMPS\) .
<R 4.37>
(\Uer\) is lenctentid, seo h+af+d emnihte.
<R 4.38>
(\Estas\) is sumor, se h+af+d sunstede.
<R 4.39>
(\Autumnus\) is h+arfest, se h+af+d o+dre emnihte.
<R 4.40>
(\Hiemps\) is winter, se h+af+d o+derne sunstede.
<R 4.41>
On +disum feower tidum yrn+d seo sunne geond mislice d+alas
bufon +disum ymbhwyrfte, & +tas eor+dan getempra+d.
<R 4.42>
So+dlice +turh Godes foresceawunge +t+at heo symle on anre
stowe ne wunige, & mid hire h+atan middaneardlice 
w+astmas forb+arne.
<R 4.43>
Ac heo g+a+d geond stowa, & tempra+d +ta eor+dlican w+astmas,
+ag+der ge on w+astme ge on ripunge.
<R 4.44>
+tonne se d+ag langa+d +tonne g+a+d seo sunne nor+dweard o+d
+t+at heo becym+d to +dam tacne +te is gehaten cancer; 
+t+ar is se sumerlica sunstede, for+dan +te heo cyr+d
+t+ar ongean eft 
<P 38>
su+dweard & se d+ag +donne sceorta+d, 
o+d +t+at seo sunne cym+d eft su+d to +dam winterlicum
sunstede, & +t+ar +atstent.
<R 4.45>
+donne heo nor+dweard bi+d, +tonne maca+d heo lenctenlice
emnihte on middeweardum hire ryne.
<R 4.46>
Eft +donne heo su+dweard bi+d, +tonne maca+d heo h+arfestlice
emnihte.
<R 4.47>
Swa heo su+dor bi+d swa hit swi+dor winterl+ac+d, & g+a+d se
winterlica cyle +after hire, ac +donne heo eft
gewent ongean, +donne todr+af+d heo +tone winterlican cyle
mid hire hatum leoman.
<R 4.48>
Se langigenda d+ag is ceald for+dan +te seo eor+de bi+d mid
+dam winterlicum cyle +turhgan, & bi+d langsum 
+ar +dan +de heo eft gebe+dod sy.
<R 4.49>
Se sceortigenda d+ag h+af+d li+dran gewederu +tonne se
langigenda, for+dan +te seo eor+de is eal gebe+dod mid 
+t+are sumerlican h+atan, & ne bi+d eft swa hra+de acoled.
<R 4.50>
Witodlice se winterlica mona g+a+d nor+dor +tonne seo sunne
gange on sumera, & for+di h+af+d scyrtran sceade 
+tonne seo sunne.
<P 40>
<R 4.51>
Eft on langiendum dagum he oferg+a+d +done su+dran sunstede,
& for+di bi+d ny+dor gesewen +donne seo sunne on wintra.
<R 4.52>
Swa +teah ne g+a+d heora na+dor +anne prican ofer +dam +te him
geset is, ne dagas ne sind nu na+dor ne lengran 
ne scyrtran +donne hi +at fruman w+aron.
<R 4.53>
On Egypta lande ne cym+d n+afre nan winter, ne renscuras, ac
on middan urum wintra beo+d heora feldas 
mid wyrtum blowende, & heora orcyrdas mid +applum afyllede.
<R 4.54>
+after heora geripe g+a+d seo ea upp Nilus, & oferflet eal
+t+at Egyptisce land, & stent oferflede hwilon 
mona+d hwilon leng, & si+d+dan to twelf mon+dum ne cym+d
+t+ar nan o+der scur, o+d +t+at seo ea eft up abrece, 
swa swa hire gewuna is, +alce geare +ane; & hi habba+d
+turh +t+at, cornes swa fela swa hi m+ast recca+d.
<R 5.1>
[} (\DE MUNDO.\) }]
   Middangeard is gehaten eal +t+at binnon +tam (\firmamentum\)
is.
<P 42>
<R 5.2>
(\Firmamentum\) is +deos roderlice heofen mid manegum
steorrum amet.
<R 5.3>
Seo heofen & s+a & eor+de sind gehatene middangeard.
<R 5.4>
Seo (\firmamentum\) tyrn+d symle onbutan us under +dyssere
eor+dan & bufon, ac +t+ar is ungerim f+ac betwux
hire & +d+are eor+dan.
<R 5.5>
Feower & twentig tida beo+d agane, +t+at is an d+ag & an niht,
+ar +dan +de heo beo +ane ymbtyrnd & ealle +da 
steorran +te hire on f+aste sind turnia+d onbutan mid hire.
<R 5.6>
Seo eor+de stent on +alemiddan +durh Godes mihte swa
gef+astnod, +t+at heo n+afre ne bih+d, ufor ne neo+dor,
+tonne se +almihtiga scyppend, +de ealle +ding hylt buton
geswince, hi gesta+delode.
<R 5.7>
+alc s+a +teah heo deop sy, h+af+d grund on +d+are eor+dan, &
seo eor+de aber+d ealle s+a, & +done micclan garsecg, 
& ealle wylspringas, & ean +durh hire yrna+d.
<R 5.8>
Swa swa +addran licga+d on +t+as mannes lichaman swa licga+d
+da w+ater+addran geond +tas eor+dan.
<R 5.9>
N+af+d na+dor ne s+a ne ea n+anne stede buton on eor+dan.
<P 44>
[} (\DE EQUINOCTIIS.\) }]
<R 6.1>
   Manegra manna cwyddung is +t+at seo lenctenlice emniht
gebyrige rihtlice on (\octaua kalendas aprilis\) , 
+t+at is on Marian m+assed+ag; ac ealle +da Easternan &
Egyptiscan, +te selost cunnon on gerimcr+afte, tealdon 
+t+at seo lenctenlice emniht is gewislice on (\XIIma
kalendas aprilis\) , +t+at is on Sancte Benedictes 
m+assed+ag.
<R 6.2>
Eft is beboden on +tam regole, +te us gewissa+d be +t+are
halgan eastertide, +t+at n+afre ne sy se halga easterd+ag 
gem+arsod +ar +dan +de seo lenctenlice emniht sy
agan, & +d+as d+ages lencge oferstige +ta niht.
<R 6.3>
Wite nu for+di gif hit w+are rihtlice emniht on Marian
m+assed+ag, +t+at se d+ag ne gelumpe n+afre ofer +dam
easterd+age, swa swa he foroft de+d.
<P 46>
<R 6.4>
Us is neod +t+at we +da halgan eastertide be +dam so+dum
regole healdon n+afre +ar emnihte, & oferswi+ddum +teostrum.
<R 6.5>
For+di we secga+d so+dlice +t+at seo emniht is swa swa we +ar
cw+adon on (\XIIa kalendas aprilis\) , swa swa
+ta geleaffullan f+aderas gesetton, & eac gewisse d+agm+al us
swa t+aca+d.
<R 6.6>
Eac +da o+dre +treo tida +t+at is se sumerlica sunstede, & se
winterlica, & seo h+arfestlice emniht sind 
to emnettenne be +dyssere emnihte, +t+at hi syn sume dagas
gehealdene +ar +dam (\octaua kalendas\) .
<R 6.7>
Witodlice se emnihtes d+ag is eallum middanearde an & gelice
lang, & ealle o+dre dagas on twelf mon+dum 
habba+d mislice langsumnysse.
<R 6.8>
On sumum earde hi beo+d lengran, on sumum scyrtran for +d+are
eor+dan sceadewunge, & +d+are sunnan ymbgange.
<R 6.9>
Seo eor+de stent on gelicnysse anre pinnhnyte, & seo sunne
glit onbutan be Godes gesetnysse, & on +tone 
ende +te heo scin+d is d+ag +durh hire lihtinge, & se ende
+te heo forl+at bi+d mid +deostrum ofer+deaht 
o+d +t+at heo eft +tider geneal+ace.
<P 48>
<R 6.10>
Nu is +t+are eor+dan sinewealtnys, & +d+are sunnan ymbgang,
hremming +t+at se d+ag ne bi+d on +alcum earde gelice lang.
<R 6.11>
On India lande wenda+d heora sceada on sumera su+dweard & on
wintra nor+dweard.
<R 6.12>
Eft on Alexandria g+a+d seo sunne upprihte on +dam sumerlicum
sunstede on midd+age, & ne bi+d nan sceadu on nane healfe.
<R 6.13>
+dis ylce getima+d eac on sumum o+drum stowum.
<R 6.14>
Meroe hatte an igland, +t+at is +d+ara Silhearwena eard; on
+dam iglande h+af+d se lengsta d+ag on geare twelf 
tida, & lytle mare +donne ane [{healfe{] tide.
<R 6.15>
On +dam earde +de is gehaten Alexandria h+af+d se lengsta d+ag
feowertyne tida.
<R 6.16>
On Italia, +t+at is Romana rice, h+af+d se [{lengsta{] d+ag
fiftyne tida.
<R 6.17>
On Engla lande h+af+d se lengsta d+ag seofontyne tida.
<P 50>
<R 6.18>
On +dam ylcan earde nor+deweardan beo+d leohte nihta on
sumera, swilce hit ealle niht dagige, swa swa
we sylfe foroft gesawon.
<R 6.19>
Thile atte an igland benor+dan +tisum iglande, six daga f+ar
on s+a, on +dam ne bi+d nan niht on sumerlicum 
sunstede six dagum, for+dan +de seo sunne bi+d +tonne swa
feorr nor+d agan, +t+at heo hwonlice underg+a+d
+t+are eor+dan geendunge swilce hit +afnige, & +t+arrihte eft
upg+a+d.
<R 6.20>
Eft on winterlicum sunstede, ne bi+d nan d+ag on +dam
fores+adan iglande, for+dan +de seo sunne bi+d +tonne
swa feorr su+d agan, +t+at hire leoman ne magon to +dam lande
ger+acan for +d+are eor+dan sinewealtnysse.
<R 6.21>
Is +deah to witenne +t+at symle bi+d under d+age & nihte
feower & twentig tida, & on emnihtes d+age, +t+at 
is +donne se d+ag & seo niht gelice lange beo+d, +tonne h+af+d
hyra +ag+der twelf tida, swa swa Crist sylf 
on his godspelle cw+a+d; (\Nonne XII hor+e sunt diei\) La hu
ne h+af+d se d+ag twelf tida?
<R 6.23>
So+dlice +t+are sunnan orm+atan h+atu wyrc+d fif d+alas on
middanearde, +ta we hata+d on leden (\quinque zonas\) , 
+t+at sind fif gyrdlas.
<P 52>
<R 6.24>
An +d+ara d+ala is on +alemiddan weallende & unwunigendlic,
for +d+are sunnan neawiste, on +dam ne earda+d
nan eor+dlic man for +dam unaberendlicum bryne, +tonne beo+d
on twa healfa +t+are h+atan twegen d+alas gemetegode, 
na+dor ne to hate ne to cealde.
<R 6.25>
On +dam nor+dran d+ale wuna+d eal mancynn under +tam bradan
circule +te is gehaten Zodiacus.
<R 6.26>
Beo+d +tonne gyt twegen d+alas on twa healfa +tam gemetegodum
d+alum on [{su+deweardan{] & nor+deweardan +tises 
ymbhwyrftes cealde & unwunigendlice, for+dan +de seo sunne
ne cym+d him n+afre to, ac +atstent on +ag+dre 
healfe +at +dam sunstedum.
<R 7.1>
[} (\DE BISSEXTO.\) }]
   Sume preostas secga+d +t+at (\bissextus\) come +durh +t+at,
+t+at Iosue ab+ad +at Gode +t+at seo sunne stod stille 
anes d+ages lencge, +da +da he +ta h+a+denan of +dan earde
adylegode, +te him God forgeaf.
<P 54>
<R 7.2>
So+d +t+at is +t+at seo sunne +da stod anes d+ages lencge
bufon +d+are byrig Gabaon, +durh +t+as +degenes bene, 
ac se d+ag eode for+d swa swa o+dre dagas, & nis n+afre +turh
+t+at (\bissextus\) , +teah +de +ta ungel+aredan swa wenon.
<R 7.3>
(\Bis\) is tuwa; (\Sextus\) , se sixta.
(\Bissextus\) tuwa six, for+dan +de we cwe+da+d on +tam geare
nu tod+ag (\VI kalendas martii\) , & eft on merigen 
(\VI kalendas martii\) , for+dan +te +afre bi+d an d+ag &
an niht ma on +dam feor+dan geare, +tonne w+are on 
+dam +drim +ar.
<R 7.4>
Se d+ag & seo niht weaxa+d of +tam six tidum +te +alce geare
beo+d to lafe to eacan +tam +drim hund dagum &
fif & sixtig dagum.
<R 7.5>
Seo sunne beyrn+d +ta twelf tacna on +drim hund dagum & fif &
sixtig dagum & on six tidum, swylce heo 
nu togeare gange on +arne merigen on +t+as emnihtes circule,
o+dre geare 
<P 56>
on midd+age, +triddan geare on +afen, 
feor+dan geare on middere nihte, on +dam fiftan geare eft
on +arne merigen.
<R 7.6>
Witodlice +alc +d+ara feower geara agif+d six tida, +t+at sind
feower & twentig tida, an d+ag & an niht.
<R 7.7>
+tone d+ag setton Romanisce witan to +dam mon+de +te we hata+d
(\Februarius\) , for+dan +de se mona+d is ealra 
scyrtst & endenext.
<R 7.8>
Be +dam d+age spr+ac se wisa Augustinus +t+at se +almihtiga
scyppend hine gesceope fram frim+de middaneardes 
to micelre gerynu, & gif he bi+d forl+aten unateald,
+t+arrihte awent eal +t+as geares ymbrene +dwyres,
& he belimp+d +ag+der ge to +d+are sunnan ge to +dam monan,
for+dan +te +d+ar is an d+ag & an niht.
<R 7.9>
Gif +du nelt hine tellan eac to +dam monan swa swa to +t+are
sunnan, +donne aw+agst +du +tone easterlican regol, 
& +alces niwan monan gerim ealles +t+as geares.
<P 58>
<R 8.1>
[} (\DE SALTU LUNE.\) }]
   Swa swa +t+are sunnan sleacnys acen+d +anne d+ag & ane niht
+afre ymbe feower gear, swa eac +t+as monan swyftnys 
awyrp+d ut +anne d+ag, & ane niht of +dam getele his
rynes +afre embe nigontyne gear, & se d+ag is 
gehaten (\Saltus lune\) , +t+at is +d+as monan hlyp, for+dan
+de he oferhlyp+d +anne d+ag, & swa near +tam nigonteo+dan 
geare swa bi+d se [{niwa{] mona braddra gesewen.
<R 8.2>
Se mona w+as +at fruman on +afen gesceapen, & +afre si+d+dan
on +afen his ylde awent.
<P 60>
<R 8.3>
Gif he bi+d +ar +afene fram +d+are sunnan geedniwod, he bi+d
+tonne sona +after sunnan setlunge niwe geteald.
<R 8.4>
Gif he +donne +after sunnan setlunge ontend bi+d, o+t+te on
middere nihte o+d+de on hancrede, ne bi+d he n+afre 
niwe geteald, +teah +de he h+abbe +treo & twentig tida,
+ar +dan +de he becume to +dan +afene +te he on gesceapen w+as.
<R 8.5>
Be +disum is oft micel embspr+ac, +tonne +da l+awedan wylla+d
habban +done monan, be +dan +te hi hine geseo+d, 
& +da gel+aredan hine healda+d be +disum fores+adan gesceade.
<R 8.6>
Hwilon bi+d se mona ontend of +t+are sunnan on d+ag, hwilon on
niht, hwilon on +arne merigen, hwilon on +afen, 
& swa mislice; ac he ne bi+d +teah niwe +ar +dan +de he
+tone +afen gesih+d.
<R 8.7>
Ne sceal nan cristenman nan +ding be +dam monan wiglian.
Gif he hit de+d, his geleafa ne bi+d naht.
<P 62>
<R 8.8>
Swa lengra d+ag swa bi+d se niwa mona ufor gesewen & swa
scyrtra d+ag swa bi+d se niwa mona ny+dor gesewen.
<R 8.9>
Gif seo sunne hine on+al+d ufan, +tonne stupa+d he; gif heo
hine on+al+d riht +dwyrs, +tonne bi+d he emlice gehyrned; 
gif heo hine ontent neo+dan, +tonne capa+d he upp,
for+dan +de he went +afre +done hricg to +d+are sunnan weard.
<R 8.10>
He bi+d swa awend, swa swa heo hine atent.
<R 8.11>
Nu cwe+da+d sume men +te +dis gescead ne cunnon +t+at se mona
hine wende be +dan +de hit wedrian sceall on +dam mon+de, 
<P 64>
ac [{hine{] ne went n+afre na+dor, ne weder ne
unweder, of +dam +de his gecynde is.
<R 8.12>
Men magon swa +deah +ta +de fyrwite beo+d cepan be his bleo &
be +d+are sunnan, o+d+de +t+as roderes, hwilc weder 
toweard bi+d.
<R 8.13>
Hit is gecyndelic +t+at ealle eor+dlice lichaman beo+d fulran
on weaxendum monan +tonne on wanigendum.
<R 8.14>
Eac +da treowu +te beo+d aheawene on fullum monan beo+d
heardran wi+d wyrm+atan & langf+arran, +tonne +da +te
beo+d on niwum monan aheawene.
<P 66>
<R 8.15>
Seo s+a & se mona ge+dw+arl+aca+d him betweonan, +afre hi
beo+d geferan on w+astme & on wanunge, & swa swa 
se mona d+aghwomlice feower pricon lator arist, +donne he on
+dam o+drum d+age dyde, swa eac seo s+a symle 
feower pricon lator flew+d.
<R 8.9>
[} (\DE DIUERSIS STELLIS.\) }]
<R 9.1>
   Sume men cwe+da+d +t+at steorran fealla+d of heofenum.
Ac hit ne sind na steorran +t+at +d+ar fealla+d, ac is fyr of
+dam rodore, +te sprinc+d of +dam tunglum swa 
swa spearcan do+d of fyre.
<R 9.2>
Witodlice swa fela steorran sind gyt on heofenum swa swa on
frym+de w+aron, +ta +da hi God gesceop.
<R 9.3>
Ealle m+ast hi sind f+aste on +dam (\firmamentum\) , & +danon
ne afealla+d +da hwile +te +deos woruld stent.
<R 9.4>
Seo sunne & se mona & +afensteorra & d+agsteorra & o+dre +dry
steorran ne sind na f+aste on +dam (\firmamentum\) , 
ac habba+d heora agenne gang on sundron.
<P 68>
<R 9.5>
+ta seofon sind gehatene (\Septem planete\) , & ic wat +t+at 
hit wile +tincan swi+de ungeleaffullic ungel+aredum 
mannum, gif we secga+d gewislice be +dam steorrum & be
heora gange.
<R 9.6>
Arcton hatte an tungel on nor+dd+ale; se h+af+d seofon
steorran, & is for+di o+drum naman gehaten (\Septemtrio\) , 
+tone hata+d l+awede men Carles w+an, se ne g+a+d n+afre
adune under +dissere eor+dan swa swa o+dre tunglan do+d.
Ac he went abutan hwilon up hwilon adune, ofer d+ag & ofer
niht.
<R 9.7>
O+der tungel is on su+dd+ale +tisum gelic, +done we ne magon
n+afre geseon.
<R 9.8>
Twegen steorran standa+d eac stille, an on su+dd+ale, o+ter on
nor+dd+ale, +da sind on leden (\Axis\) gehatene; 
+tone su+dran steorran we ne geseo+d n+afre, +tone
nor+dran we geseo+d, +tone hata+d men Scipsteorra.
<R 9.9>
Hi sind gehatene (\axis\) , +t+at is ex, for+dan +de se
(\firmamentum\) 
<P 70>
went on +dam twam steorrum, swa swa hweowul 
tyrn+d on exe, & for+di hi standan symle stille.
<R 9.10>
Pliade sind gehatene +da seofon steorran +te on h+arfeste
upaga+d, & ofer ealne winter scina+d, gangende
eastan westweard.
<R 9.11>
Ofer ealne sumor hi ga+d on nihtlicere tide under +tyssere
eor+dan & on d+ag bufon.
<R 9.12>
On winterlicere tide hi beo+d on niht uppe & on d+ag adune.
<R 9.13>
Comete sind gehatene +ta steorran +de f+arlice & ungewunelice
+ateowia+d, & sind geleomode swa +t+at him g+a+d 
of se leoma swilce o+der sunbeam, hi ne beo+d na lange
hwile gesewene; ac swa oft swa hi +ateowia+d,
hi gebicnia+d sum +ding niwes toweard +t+are leode +de hi
ofer scina+d.
<R 9.14>
+teah +de we swi+dor sprecon be heofenlicum tunglum, ne m+ag
swa +deah se ungel+areda leornian heora leohtb+aran ryne.
<P 72>
<R 10.1>
[} (\DE DUODECIM UENTIS.\) }]
   +teos lyft +te we on lybba+d is an +d+ara feower gesceafta,
+te +alc lichamlic +ding on wuna+d.
<R 10.2>
Feower gesceafta sind +te ealle eor+dlice lichaman on wunia+d,
+t+at sind (\Aer, Ignis, Terra, Aqua\) .
<R 10.3>
(\Aer\) is lyft; (\Ignis\) , fyr; (\Terra\) , eor+de; 
(\Aqua\) , w+ater.
<R 10.4>
Lyft is lichamlic gesceaft swi+de +tynne, seo oferg+a+d ealne
middaneard & upastih+d fornean o+d +tone monan, 
on +dam fleo+d fugelas, swa swa fixas swymma+d on w+atere.
<R 10.5>
Ne mihte heora nan fleon, n+are seo lyft +de hi ber+d.
<R 10.6>
Ne nan man ne nyten n+af+d nane or+dunge, buton +durh +da
lyfte.
<R 10.7>
Nis na seo or+dung +de we utblawa+d & innateo+d ure sawul, ac
is seo lyft +te we on lybba+d on +disum deadlicum life.
<R 10.8>
Swa swa fixas cwela+d gif hi of w+atere beo+d, swa eac cwel+d
+alc eor+dlic lichama, gif he bi+d +t+are lyfte bed+aled.
<P 74>
<R 10.9>
Nis nan lichamlic +ding +te n+abbe +da feower gesceafta him
mid, +t+at is lyft & fyr, eor+de & w+ater.
<R 10.10>
On +alcum lichaman sind +tas feower +ding.
Nimm +anne sticcan, & gnid to sumum +dince; hit hata+d
+t+arrihte of +dam fyre +te him on luta+d.
<R 10.11>
Forb+arn +done o+derne ende, +tonne g+a+d se w+ata ut +at
+dam o+drum ende mid +dam smice.
<R 10.12>
Swa eac ure lichaman habba+d +ag+der geh+atan, gew+atan,
eor+dan & lyft.
<R 10.13>
Seo lyft +te we embe spreca+d astih+d up fornean o+d +tone
monan, & aber+d ealle wolcnu & stormas.
<R 10.14>
Seo lyft +donne heo astyred bi+d is wind.
<R 10.15>
Se wind h+af+d mislice naman on bocum.
<R 10.16>
+danon +de he bl+aw+d, him bi+d nama gesett.
<R 10.17>
Feower heafodwindas sind; se fyrmesta is easterne wind,
(\Subsolanus\) gehaten, for+dan +de he bl+aw+d fram 
+d+are sunnan upsprincge & is swi+de gemetegod.
<R 10.18>
Se o+der heafodwind is su+derne, (\Auster\) gehaten, se
astyra+d wolcnu & ligettu, & mislice cwyld bl+aw+d
geond +tas eor+dan.
<P 76>
<R 10.19>
Se +dridda heafodwind hatte (\zephirus\) on greciscum
gereorde, & on ledenum, (\fabonius\) , se bl+aw+d westan, 
& +durh his bl+ad acucia+d ealle eor+dlice bl+ada &
blowa+d, & se wind towyrp+d & +dawa+d +alcne winter.
<R 10.20>
Se feor+da heafodwind hatte (\Septemtrio\) , se bl+aw+d nor+dan
ceald & snawlic, & wyrc+d drie wolcnu.
<R 10.21>
+tas feower heafodwindas habba+d betwux him on ymbhwyrfte
o+dre eahta windas, +afre betwux +tam heafodwindum 
twegen windas.
<R 10.22>
+t+ara naman & blawunge, we mihton secgan, gif hit ne +duhte
+a+dryt to awritenne.
<R 10.23>
Is swa +deah hw+a+dere an +d+ara eahta winda, (\Aquilo\)
gehaten, se bl+aw+d nor+dan & eastan, healic & ceald, 
& swi+de drie; se is gehaten o+drum naman boreas, & ealne
+done cwyld, +te se su+derna wind (\auster\) 
acen+d, ealne he todr+af+d & aflig+d.
<R 10.24>
Us +dinc+d to menigfeald +t+at we swi+dor embe +dis sprecon.
<R 11.1>
[} (\DE PLUUIA.\) }]
   Renas cuma+d of +d+are lyfte, +turh Godes mihte.
<P 78>
<R 11.2>
Seo lyft licca+d & atih+d +tone w+atan of ealre eor+dan, & of
+d+are s+a, & gegadera+d to scurum, & +tonne heo 
mare aberan ne m+ag, +tonne feal+d hit adune to rene alysed
& toworpen, hwilon +turh windes bl+adum, hwilon 
+durh +d+are sunnan h+atan.
<R 11.3>
We r+ada+d on +d+are bec +te is gehaten (\Liber regum\) , +t+at
se witega Helias ab+ade +at Gode, for +d+as folces 
+dwyrnyssum, +t+at nan ren ne com ofer eor+dan feor+dan
healfan geare.
<R 11.4>
+da b+ad se witega eft +at Gode +t+at he his folce miltsian
sceolde, & him renas & eor+dlice w+astmas forgifan.
<R 11.5>
+da astah he up on anre dune, & gebigedum cneowum geb+ad for
+dam folce, & het his cnapan +da hwile behealdan 
to +d+are s+a, gif he aht gesawe.
<R 11.6>
+ta +at nextan cw+a+d se cnapa +t+at he gesawe arisan of
+d+are s+a an lytel wolcn, & +d+arrihte asweartode seo 
heofen & wolcnu arison, & se wind bleow, & wear+d micel ren
geworden.
<R 11.7>
Hit is swa swa we +ar s+adon, +t+at seo lyft atih+d up of
+d+are eor+dan, & of +d+are s+a ealne +done w+atan, +te
bi+d to renum awend.
<P 80>
<R 11.8>
+d+are lyfte gecynd is +t+at heo sic+d +alcne w+atan upp to
hire.
<R 11.9>
+dis m+ag sceawian se +de wile, hu se w+ata g+a+d upp, swilce
mid smice o+d+de mid miste, & gif hit sealt bi+d 
of +d+are s+a, hit bi+d [{+turh{] +t+are sunnan h+atan, &
+durh +d+are lyfte bradnysse to ferscum w+atan awend.
<R 11.10>
So+dlice Godes miht gefada+d ealle gewederu, se +de ealle
+ding buton earfo+dnysse gediht.
<R 11.11>
He n+are na +almihtig, gif him +anig gefadung earfo+de w+are.
<R 11.12>
His nama is (\omnipotens\) , +t+at is +almihtig, for+dan +de he
m+ag eal +t+at he wile, & his miht nawar ne swinc+d.
<R 12.1>
[} (\DE GRANDINE.\) }]
   Hagol cym+d of +dam rendropum, +tonne hi beo+d gefrorene upp
on +t+are lyfte, & swa si+d+dan fealla+d.
<R 13.1>
[} (\DE NIUE.\) }]
   Snaw cym+d of +dam +dynnum w+atan, +te bi+d uppatogen mid
+t+are lyfte, & bi+d gefroren +ar +dan +de he to dropum 
geurnen sy, & swa s+amtincges fyl+d.
<P 82>
<R 14.1>
[} (\DE TONITRU.\) }]
   +tunor cym+d of h+atan & of w+atan, seo lyft tyh+d +tone
w+atan to hire neo+dan, & +da h+atan ufan; & +donne hi 
gegaderode beo+d, seo h+ate & se w+ata, binnon +t+are lyfte,
+tonne winna+d hi him betwynan mid egeslicum 
swege, & +t+at fyr aberst ut +durh ligette, & dera+d
w+astmum, gif he mare bi+d +tonne se w+ata; gif se w+ata 
bi+d mare +donne +t+at fyr, +tonne frema+d hit, swa
hattre sumor swa mare +dunor & liget on geare.
<R 14.2>
So+dlice +da +tuneras +te Iohannes ne moste awritan on
apocalipsin sind gastlice to understandenne, & hi 
naht ne belimpa+d to +tam +dunere +de on +dissere lyfte oft
egeslice brastla+d, se bi+d hlud for +t+are lyfte 
bradnysse, & frecenful for +t+as fyres sceotungum.
<R 14.3>
Sy +deos gesetnys +dus her geendod.
(\EXPLICIT HEC BREUITAS DE TEMPORIBUS.\)



<B COWULF3>
<Q O3 IR HOM WULF8C>
<N WHOM 8C>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  WULFSTAN'S HOMILIES (O3).
THE HOMILIES OF WULFSTAN.
ED. D. BETHURUM.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1957.
PP. 175.3 - 184.180 (VIIIc)
PP. 200.3 - 210.203 (Xc)
PP. 225.3 - 232.106 (XIII)
PP. 267.7 - 275.202 (XX)^]

[^B2.2.5^]
<P 175>
[} (\SERMO DE BAPTISMATE\) }]
<R 2>
Leofan men, eallum cristenum mannum is mycel +tearf +t+at hy
heora fulluhtes gescead witan; and gehadedum
mannum gebyre+d swy+de rihte +t+at hi geornlice
understandan huru +t+at manna gehwylc, gyf he +t+are ylde
& +d+as andgytes h+af+d +t+at he hit understandan m+ag
hw+at him man to +dearfe seg+d, +tonne mot he beon
+arost +dinga gemynegad & gewisod +t+at he cunne hu he of
h+a+tendome m+age to cristendome +durh rihtne geleafan
& +durh fulluht cuman.
<R 8>
+tonne is +arost se fruma +t+at man gedo +turh gode wissunge
+t+at he his Drihten ongyte rihtlice & +t+at he
eac wi+dsace anr+adlice deofles gemanan; +t+at is, +t+at he
forsace & forbuge his unlara, +t+as +de he +afre
m+age, & +d+at he geswutelige eac +t+at he h+abbe & +afre
habban wille anr+ade ge+danc & anr+adne
<P 176>
geleafan on +anne so+dne & ealmihtigne Godd.
<R 13>
And leornige +t+at he cunne +t+at +alc cristen man huru cunnan
sceal, pater noster & credan.
<R 15>
Mid +tam pater nostre man sceal to Gode gebiddan & mid +tam
credan geswutelian rihtne geleafan.
<R 17>
And sy+d+dan se man +t+at can & rihtne geleafan h+af+d ariht
understanden, +tonne bi+d he wyr+de +t+at he fulluht
underfo, gif he +tis huru +arest, ealswa ic cw+a+d
beforan, gede+d; +t+at is, +t+at he deofol & his gemanan
ealne fors+ac+d & him mid ealle fram byh+d & Crist gecyst
& him to gebyh+d & on hine anr+adlice gelyf+d.
<R 21>
Se gelyf+d anr+adlice & rihtlice on hine se +de hine rihtlice
lufa+d, & se hine lufa+d rihtlice +de his beboda & his 
laga gehealde+d.
<R 23>
Elles ne by+d seo lufu naht, & elles ne freme+d eac +t+at
fulluht na swy+de, butan man Godes beboda gyme
+te geornor & man his lara & laga +te rihtlicor healde.
<R 27>
Leofan men, on +d+are cristnunge +de man de+d +ar +dam fulluhte
is mycel getacnung.
<R 28>
+tonne se sacerd cristna+d, +tonne or+da+t he on +tone man,
+tonne hit swa gebyra+d, (\in modum crucis\) , & +donne
<P 177>
wyr+d +turh Godes mihte sona deofol swy+de geyrged, & mid
+t+as sacerdes halsunge se deofol wyr+d aflymed
fram +tare menniscan gesceafte +te +ar +durh Adam
forworht w+as, & +dam halgum gaste by+d sona eardungstow
on +tam menn gerymed.
<R 34>
Twa +ding syndon +turh Godes mihte swa myccle & swa m+are
+t+at +afre +anig man ne m+ag +d+aron +anig +ding awyrdan
ne gewanian, fulluht & huslhalgung.
<R 36>
Nis se m+assepreost on worulde swa synful ne swa fracod on his
d+adan, gyf he +d+ara +tenunga a+tere de+d
swa swa +d+arto gebyre+d, +teah he sylf +alc unriht dreoge on
his life, ne by+d seo +tenung +t+as na +te wyrse.
<R 40>
Ne eft nis +anig swa m+are ne swa haliges lifes +t+at a+dor
+d+ara +tenunga gegodian o+d+don gemycclian m+age.
<R 41>
Do swa hwylc swa hit do, Godes sylfes miht by+d on +t+are
d+ade +turh halig geryne.
<R 43>
Ac se earma synfulla man hearma+d +teah him sylfum egeslice
swy+de se +te ge+tristl+ac+d to m+assianne o+d+don
husl to +dicganne & wat hine sylfne on synnum to fulne &
swy+de
<P 178>
forwyrhtne & nele +ar hit geandettan
& betan +ar he to +dam ge+tristl+ace.
<R 47>
His dyrstignes witodlice dere+d him sylfum, ac +t+at ne dere+d
elles +tam na +te swy+dor +te +ta +denunga underfo+d
mid rihtum geleafan.
<R 49>
For+dam ne m+ag +anig man Godes mihta ne his m+ar+da geminsian
ne +anig +ding awyrdan.
<R 51>
+t+at sealt +t+at se sacerd +tam men on mu+d de+d +tonne he
cristna+d, +t+at getacna+d godcundne wisdom, & ealswa
se lichama +tonne gefel+d +t+as sealtes scearpnesse, swa
sceal seo sawul ongytan wisdomes snotornesse.
<R 54>
And +donne se sacerd him +atforan sing+d, (\Credo in Deum\) ,
+tonne tryme+d he his geleafan & mid +dam geleafan
gefr+atewa+d & gew+ada+d his hus; +t+at is, +t+at he
gegearwa+d his heortan Gode on to wunianne.
<R 57>
And +donne se sacerd +athrin+d mid his spatle +t+as mannes
nose & earan, +tonne tacna+d he mid +tam +t+at he
sceal +ag+der ge +turh stenc ge +durh hlyst underfon godcunde
halignesse & gesceadwisnesse.
<R 60>
And +donne se sacerd smyre+d mid +tam halgan crisman breost &
sculdru, +tonne befeh+d he +t+ane man mid Godes
scylde on
<P 179>
+ag+dre healfe, +t+at deofol ne m+ag +anig his
+attrenra w+apna him on af+astnian, na+dor ne beforan
ne wi+d+aftan, gif he +tanonfor+d +turhwuna+d anr+adlice
on rihtan geleafan & Godes lagum folga+d.
<R 67>
And +donne +tis gedon bi+d eal fullice wel swa to +d+are
cristnunge gebyre+d, +tonne is +after eallum +tisum
mid rihtum geleafan to efstanne wi+d fontb+a+des georne.
<R 69>
And +durh +ta fonthalgunge +t+ar gewyr+d sona Godes
+almihtiges midwist.
<R 71>
And +durh +da or+dunge +te se sacerd on +t+at w+ater or+da+d
+tonne he font halga+d wyr+d deofol +tanon afyrsad.
<R 72>
And +donne se sacerd gehalgodne tapor in +t+at w+ater de+d,
+tonne wyr+d +t+at w+ater mid +tam halgan gaste +durhgoten.
<R 74>
And, hr+adest to secganne, eal +t+at se sacerd de+d +turh +da
halgan +tenunge gesawenlice, eal hit fulfreme+d
se halga gast gerynelice.
<R 76>
+ta +dreo dyfinga on fontb+a+de getacnia+d +t+at we beo+d
geedcennede +tonne to ecan life +durh +ta halgan +trynnesse,
(\patris et filii et spiritus sancti\) , +t+at is eal
an so+d Godd.
<R 79>
And +t+at hwite hr+agel +de man mid +t+ane mann befeh+d +tonne
he gefullod bi+d, +t+at getacna+d +t+ane gastlican
wlite +te se man +durh Godes
<P 180>
gife habban sceal; +t+at syn +ta
godan & +da cl+anan d+ada +te he on cristendome
+tanonfor+d began sceal.
<R 83>
And mid +tam crismale +te man him onufan +t+at heafod de+d man
tacna+d +t+ane cristenan cynehelm +te he on heofonum
ah gyf he +tanonfor+d his cristendom mid rihte
gehealde+d & on rihtan geleafan rihtlice +turhwuna+d.
<R 87>
For+dam gyf he +t+at gehealde+d, he bi+d Criste to bearne
geteald, & he bi+d cynehelmes swy+de wel wyr+de,
gif he mid rihte gehyr+d his f+ader, +t+at is heofonlicum
cyninge.
<R 89>
He is ure ealra f+ader, & +t+at we swutelia+d +tonne we
singa+d, (\Pater noster qui es in celis sanctificetur
nomen tuum, et reliqua\) .
<R 91>
Be +dysum we magon gecnawan +t+at we syn +turh cristendom
ealle gebro+dra +tonne we ealle to anum heofonlicum
f+ader swa oft clypia+d swa we pater noster singa+d.
<R 94>
+tonne eac +after +dysum he bi+d wel husles wyr+de, & him
gebyre+d +t+at swy+de rihte +t+at he +tonne +ticge Cristes
lichaman & his blod, for+dan he bi+d +tonne Cristes lima
an.
<R 98>
Leofan men, understanda+d +t+at Crist is cristenra heafod, &
ealle cristene men syndon to Cristes limum getealde.
<R 99>
+donne is mycel +dearf +t+at cristenra manna gehwylc +t+at
understande & +t+at he his cristendom mid rihte
gehealde.
<R 101>
Se gehealt his cristendom rihtlice se +de Criste mid rihte
gehyr+d, +t+at by+d se +de his bebodu gehealde+d,
& deofles unlarum eornostlice wi+dstande+d, ealswa man
behet +t+at man don wolde +ta man
<P 181>
fulluhtes gyrnde.
<R 105>
Understanda+d Godes beboda georne.
Godes agen +t+at forme bebod is +t+at man lufige Godd sylfne
+arest eallum mode & eallum m+agene, & o+der
bebod is +t+at man lufige his nyhstan swa swa hine sylfne.
<R 108>
+alc cristen man is o+dres nyhsta, for+dam we synd +turh
cristendom ealle gebro+dra, & we syndon Cristes
agene bearn gyf we sylfe willa+d.
<R 110>
And +dy hit is rihtlic dom +t+at +anig cristen man o+drum ne
beode butan +t+at he wille +t+at man him beode,
& se by+d swy+de ges+alig +te +t+ane dom rihtlice
gehealde+d.
<R 114>
Leofan men, we motan swy+de w+arlice on +alce wisan us healdan
gyf we us sculan wi+d deofol gescyldan,
for+dam he by+d +afre ymbe +t+at an, +t+at he wyle us beswican
& gedon, gyf he m+ag, +t+at we aleogan +t+at +t+at
we behetan +ta we fulluht underfengon.
<R 118>
Ac utan understandan hw+at +da twa word m+anan, (\abrenuntio &
credo\) , +te man +at fulluht+tenunge on gewunan h+af+d.
<R 120>
(\Abrenuntio\) , +t+at is on Englisc, ic wi+dsace heononfor+d
+afre deofles gemanan.
<R 121>
(\Credo\) , +t+at is on Englisc, ic gelyfe on God +almihtigne
+te ealle +ding gescop & geworhte.
<R 123>
Nage we nane +dearfe +t+at we +dyses weor+dan lease; ac utan
don swa us +tearf is, gel+astan hit georne.
<R 124>
And +deah +t+at cild to +dam geong sy +t+at hit specan ne
m+age, +tonne hit man fulla+d, his
<P 182>
freonda forsp+ac
forstent him eal +t+at sylfe swylce hit sylf sp+ace.
<R 126>
& butan hit gel+aste, +donne hit ylde h+af+d, eal +t+at on his
geogo+de for hit Gode w+as behaten, hit mot
forweor+dan +at his ended+age, gyf hit Godes lage forgymde,
sy+d+dan hit +da ylde & +t+at andgyt h+afde +t+at
hit Godes lage gyman mihte.
<R 130>
+tonne agan +ta yldran eac on cristenum folce +d+as
ofer+tearfe +t+at hi heora gingran Gode gestrynan & hi
deofle +atw+anian,
<R 133>
for+dam eal +t+at hi to unrihte ge+dafia+d heora gingran, eal
hit by+d ongean +t+at +de hy Gode behetan +ta hy
him fulluht begeatan, & ealles +d+as hy motan sti+d wite
+dolian +after Godes dome, butan hy hit gebetan
+t+as +de hy don magan.
<R 136>
Cristenra manna gehwylc ah swy+de mycle +tearfe +t+at he
rihtne geleafan on +anne Godd +afre habbe, & +t+at
he his fulluhtes gescad wite & +t+at symle rihtlice healde &
his gingran georne tihte to +dam ylcan.
<R 140>
And +afre swa +t+at cild ra+dost +anig +ding specan m+age,
t+ace man him sona ealra +tinga +arest pater noster
& credan; +tonne sceal him +dananfor+d a +te bet gelimpan.
<R 142>
And eac ic
<P 183>
on Godes naman bidde & beode, gyf +anig cristen man
+te ylde h+abbe swa sy forgymed +t+at he
hit ne cunne, leornige hit georne; & ne sceamige +anigum men
for his ylde, ac do swa him +tearf is, helpe
his sylfes, for+dam he ne bi+d wel cristen +te +t+at
geleornian nele, ne he nah mid rihte +aniges mannes
+at fulluhte to onfonne, ne +at bisceopes handa se +de
+t+at ne cann, +ar he hit geleornige, ne he rihtlice
ne bi+d husles wyr+de ne cl+anes legeres, se +de on
life +t+at geleornian nele, huru on Englisc,
buton he on L+aden m+age.
<R 151>
Ac do manna gehwylc swa swa him +dearf is, leornige his
+tearfe & hine sylfne w+arlice be+dence & his cristendom
cl+anlice healde, & +alcne h+a+tendom mid ealle aweorpe.
<R 154>
Leofan men, beorga+d eow georne wi+d deofles lara.
Ne beon ge na+dor ne to swicole ne to ficole, ne lease ne
lu+derfulle ne fule ne fracode, ne on +anige
wisan to lehterfulle.
<R 156>
Ne ge ahwar ne beon, +t+as +de ge betan magan, gewitan ne
gewyrhtan +aniges mor+dres o+d+don manslihtas, stala
ne strudunga, ac stryna+d mid rihte.
<R 159>
Scylda+d eow wi+d gitsunga & wi+d gifornessa, & +d+at ge ahwar
ne beon manswican ne mansworan, wedlogan
ne wordlogan, ne on leasre gewitnesse ahwar standan.
<R 161>
And scylda+d eow wi+d galscypas & swy+de georne wi+d
+awbrecas, &
<P 184>
wi+d oferfylle beorga+d eow georne.
<R 163>
And ne gyman ge galdra ne idelra hwata, ne wigelunga ne
wiccecr+afta; & ne weor+dian ge wyllas ne +anige
wudutreowu, for+dam +aghwylce idele syndon deofles
gedwimeru.
<R 166>
Ne beon ge ofermode ne to weamode ne to ni+dfulle ne to
flitgeorne ne to felawyrde ne ealles to hlagole
ne eft to asolcene ne to unrote.
<R 168>
And ne beon ge to rance ne to gylpgeorne ne f+aringa to
f+agene ne eft to ormode, & ne beon ge to slapole
ne ealles to sleace, ac scylda+d eow georne wi+d deofles
dare.
<R 171>
Ealle un+deawas awealla+d of deofle & he +t+at uns+ad sawe+d
to wide.
<R 172>
Ac utan don swa us +dearf is, helpan ure sylfra, & +d+as huru
efstan, nu we fyrst habba+d +ta hwile +de God
wile, +te l+as +de we forweor+dan +tonne we l+ast wenan.
<R 175>
And utan +durh +aghw+at Godes willan wyrcan swa we geornost
magan; +tonne geleana+d he hit us +t+ar we betst be+durfon.
<R 177>
Him symle sy lof & wuldor in ealra worulda woruld a butan
ende, amen.

<Q O3 IR HOM WULF10C>
<N WHOM 10C>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B2.2.8^]
<P 200>
<R 1>
[}HER ONGYN+D BE CRISTENDOME.}]
Leofan men, eallum cristenum mannum is mycel +tearf +t+at hy
heora cristendomes gescad witan, & +t+at hy
heora cristendom rihtlice healdan.
<R 4>
Be Cristes agenum naman syn cristene genamode, for+dam Crist
is cristenra heafod, & ealle cristene men
syndon to Cristes limum getealde, gyf hy heora cristendom
gehealda+d mid rihte.
<R 6>
Lytel frema+d +teah cristen nama butan cristenum d+adum, ac se
bi+d rihtlice cristen +te Cristes larum &
his lagum folga+d ealswa se apostol cw+a+d: (\Qui se dicit in
Cristum credere debet ambulare sicut et
ipse ambulauit\) .
<R 10>
Se +te secge +t+at he on Crist gelyfe, fare se +t+as rihtweges
+te Crist sylf ferde.
<R 11>
And +deah hwa cwe+de +t+at he on Crist rihtlice gelyfe & nele
his larum ne his lagum folgian, he lih+d him
sylfum; & Crist sylf eac on his godspelle swytollice +tus
sp+ac: (\Si diligitis me, mandata mea seruate\) .
<R 14>
Gyf ge me lufian, he cw+a+d, folgia+d minum larum, for+dam se
me ne lufia+d na +te nele minum larum
<P 201>
rihtlice fyligean.
<R 16>
Nu age we +tearfe +te cristene syndon +t+at we georne his
larum & his lagum fyligean.
<R 18>
Leofan men, hit gewear+d on geardagum +t+at God sylf sp+ac
hludre stefne of Synai Munte to Moyse +tam heretogan
& to Israhela folce & +dus cw+a+t be him sylfum & be
his agenum lagum: (\Ego sum Dominus Deus tuus,
et reliqua\) .
<R 21>
Ic eom +din Drihten, he cw+a+d, +te gel+adde +te ut of
Egyptum.
<R 22>
Ne weor+da +tu fremde godas.
<R 23>
Ne +tu +tines Drihtnes naman ne namie on idel.
<R 24>
Wite +t+at +du +t+ane rested+ag freolsige georne.
Weor+da geornlice f+ader & modor.
<R 25>
Ne beo +du +anig manslaga.
Ne afyl +te mid forligere.
<R 26>
Ne scea+ta +du.
Ne leoh +tu.
Ne gyrn +du o+dres mannes wifes, ne +aniges +tinges +te o+der
man age ne gyrn +tu on unriht.
<R 28>
+das tyn beboda God sylf gedihte & awrat & Moyse bef+aste; &
Crist on his godspelle eft hy geswutelode,
& he georne eac l+arde +t+at manna gehwilc o+drum beode
+t+at +t+at he wille +t+at man him beode.
<R 31>
+d+at is rihtlic lagu, & se bi+d ges+alig se +te hy
gehealde+d.
<R 32>
+tas beboda & fela hertoeacan we sculon healdan, be +tam +te
us Cristes bec gelomlice l+ara+d, gif we Gode
willa+t rihtlice hyran, swa swa us +tearf is, & eal +t+at
gel+astan +t+at +t+at we behetan +ta we fulluht
underfengan o+d+don +ta +te +at fontb+a+te ure forespecan
w+aran.
<R 37>
Eala, leofan men, us is swy+de mycel +tearf +t+at we ofer
ealle o+dre +ting God huru lufian & his larum &
lagum geornlice
<P 202>
fyligean & his halgan cyrican syngallice weor+dian.
<R 39>
Ealle we habba+d +anne heofonlicne f+ader & ane gastlice
modor, seo is (\ecclesia\) genamod, +t+at is Godes
cyrice, & +da we sculan +afre lufian & weor+dian & n+afre
hyre derian wordes ne weorces, ac gri+dian hy
symle & healdan unwemme & a butan glemme.
<R 43>
La hw+at, frema+d cyrichatan cristendom on unnyt, for+dam +alc
+t+ara bi+d Godes feond +te bi+d Godes cyrcena
feond, & +de Godes cyrcena riht wana+d o+d+de wyrde+d.
<R 46>
And egeslice sp+ac Gregorius be +dam +ta +da he +tus cw+a+d:
(\si quis ecclesiam Dei denudauerit uel sanctimonia
uiolauerit, anathema sit; ad quod respondentes omnes
dixerunt, amen\) .
<R 49>
Se +de Godes cyrican, he cw+a+d, rype o+d+de reafige o+d+de
halignessa gri+d scyrde o+d+de wyrde, a he forwyr+de;
& Romana witan him andwyrdan sona & anmodlice cw+adon,
(\amen\) , ealle; +t+at bi+d on Englisc, swa hit geweor+de.
<R 53>
Eala, rihte gedafena+d cristenum mannum +t+at hi Crist sylfne
geefenl+acan georne, +t+as +de hy don magon,
& Cristes cyrican weor+dian & werian & swa don eac georne swa
se halga gast l+ar+d +t+at we don sculon.
<R 56>
+d+at is, +t+at gehwa georne unriht forl+ate & inwerdre
heortan hwyrfe to rihte for Gode & for worulde.
<R 58>
La, hu m+ag man ea+dost gehwyrfan fram yfele & fram unrihte,
<P 203>
butan +t+at man deofol georne forbuge & his
und+ada ealle oferhogie & wi+d his unlara geornlice scylde &
wi+d +ta deoflican eahta leahtras d+ages
& nihtes warnie symle?
<R 61>
+d+at is gitsung & gifernes, galnes & weamodnys, unrotnys &
asolcennys, gylpgeornys & ofermodignys.
<R 63>
Of +dyson eahta deofles cr+aftan ealle un+teawas up aspringa+d
& sy+d+tan tobr+ada+d ealles to wide.
<R 65>
+donne syndon eahta healice m+agnu +turh Godes mihte mannum
gescyfte: +d+at is rumheortnys & syfernys, cl+annes
& mod+tw+arnes, gl+adnes & anr+adnys, sybgeornes &
eadmodnes.
<R 68>
Mid +tysan m+agenan we us sculon werian & +durh Godes fultum
deofol oferwinnan & his un+teawan f+aste wi+dstandan.
<R 69>
Leofan men, ure Drihten sp+ac to Moyse hwilum & be +d+are
gitsunge +tus cw+a+d: (\Non concupiscas ullam rem
proximi tui\) .
<R 71>
Ne gyrn +du on unriht, he cw+a+d, +aniges +tinges +te o+der
man age, & se apostol cw+a+d: (\radix omnium malorum
est cupiditas\) .
<R 73>
Gitsung is wyrtruma, he cw+a+d, +aghwylces yfeles.
<R 74>
Leofan men, do+d swa ic l+are, scylda+d wi+d +ta gitsunge
+afre swy+de georne & warnia+d eac symle wi+d gyfernesse
georne.
<R 76>
+durh gifernesse Adam
<P 204>
forlet +arest paradisum.
<R 77>
And eac ic l+are georne manna gehwylcne +t+at +anig ne afyle
mid fulan forligere +afre hine sylfne.
<R 79>
Ne +anig ne healde yrre on his heortan ealles to lange.
<R 80>
Ne +anig +durh worldhoge forsorgie to swy+de, ac hihte on his
Drihten.
<R 81>
Ne +afre +anig man idelnesse lufige ealles to gelome.
<R 82>
Ne +afre +anig man unnyt lof & idel gylp lufige to swy+de.
<R 83>
Ne +afre +anig man ofermetta lufie, ac +afre hy ascunie.
<R 84>
And scylde man eac wi+d mansliht +afre swy+de georne, &
scylde man wi+d galnysse & wi+d +awbryce georne;
& wi+d +alc woh gestreon beorge man georne, ac stryne mid
rihte.
<R 86>
Unrihte gemeta & woge gewihta aweorpe man georne, & +afre
+anig man o+drum ne swicie ealles to swy+de.
<R 88>
Ne +anig man o+derne to nearwe ne h+afte ne on unriht ne
ge+teowige.
<R 89>
Ne +anig man +turh reaflac o+derne ne rype.
<R 90>
Ne +anig man o+derne on unriht ne fordeme.
<R 91>
Ne +anig man o+derne ne tyrie ne ne tyne ealles to swy+de.
<R 92>
Ne +anig man hine sylfne mid mane ne forswerie.
Ne on leasre gewitnesse +anig man ne stande.
<R 93>
Ne +anig man ne
<P 205>
gewunie +t+at he huxlice onhisce, ne +durh
hyrwnesse God ne gegremie.
<R 95>
Ne +anig man to hlagol sy ne f+aringa to f+agen ne eft ne beo
to ormod.
<R 96>
Ne +anig man o+terne b+aftan ne t+ale ne hyrwe to swy+de.
<R 97>
Ne +anig man andan ne healde on his heortan ealles to f+aste.
<R 98>
Ne +anig man o+derne ne hatie to swy+de.
<R 99>
Ne +anig man ne gewunie +t+at he mid yfelum wordum to wyriende
weor+de.
<R 100>
Ne +anig man ne sy to sacfull ne ealles to geflitgeorn.
<R 101>
Ne +anig man ne lufige druncen to swy+de ne fule oferfylle.
<R 102>
Ne +anig man myrtenes +afre ne abite ne blodes ne abyrige.
<R 103>
Ne +anig man wiccecr+aft +afre begange.
Ne +anig man idola weor+die +afre.
<R 104>
Ne +anig man gemanan wi+d amansode h+abbe.
<R 105>
Sunnand+ages weor+dunge n+anig man forgyme.
+alc man his teo+dunga gel+aste mid rihte.
<R 106>
Freolsa & f+astena healde man georne.
<R 107>
+d+at man Gode behate ne aleoge man +afre.
Ne +anig man mid unandettan heafodleahtrum husles ne abyrige,
ac andette & bete +ar he husel +dicge.
<R 109>
Eac ic l+are georne manna gehwilcne +t+at he his synna
andette gelome & mid d+adbote
<P 206>
cl+ansie hine sylfne
& bletsunge +at biscope & mildsunge gyrne.
<R 112>
for+dam, understande se +de wille, eal hit m+ag to +dearfe,
ealswa +t+at godspel cw+a+d: (\Penitentiam agite;
adpropinquabit uobis regnum celorum\) .
<R 114>
Do+d d+adbote eowra synna & eow sona wyr+d heofona rices duru
ra+de untyned.
<R 116>
Leofan man, on eornost ic l+are, cyrra+d from yfele & fram
unrihte & do+d to gode a swa leng swa mare.
<R 117>
Gyma+d georne Godes lage & healda+d hy f+aste & gelome on
gearf+ace gearwia+d eow to husle.
<R 119>
Eala, leofan men, ne latia+d na, ne latia+d, ac ofstlice
efsta+d & to Gode wenda+d.
<R 120>
And se +de w+are gitsiende o+dra manna +tinga & +ahta, weor+de
of his agenan rihte begytenan +almesgyfa georne.
<R 122>
Se +te w+are gifre, weor+de se syfre; & se +de w+are galsere
on fulan forligere, weor+de se cl+ansere his
agenre sawle.
<R 124>
Se +te w+are weamod, weor+de se ge+tyldmod.
Se +de w+are hohmod, weor+de se gl+admod.
<R 125>
Se +de w+are idelgeorn,
<P 207>
weor+de se notgeorn.
<R 126>
Se +de w+are lofgeorn for idelan weor+dscype, weor+de se
carfull hu he swy+tast m+age gecweman his Drihtne.
<R 128>
Se +de w+are ofermod, weor+de se eadmod.
Se +de w+are sca+diende, weor+de se tiligende on rihtlicre
til+de.
<R 129>
Se +de w+are slapol, weor+de se ful wacor, & se +de w+are full
slaw, weor+de se unslaw to cyrican gelome
for agenre +tearfe.
<R 131>
Se +de w+are leassagol, weor+de se so+dsagol.
<R 132>
Se +de w+are b+acslitol, weor+de se w+arsagol.
<R 133>
Se +de w+are stuntwyrde, weor+de se wiswyrde.
And se +de on unriht abysgode hine sylfne, se on halgum
gebedum abysgie hine symle.
<R 135>
And se +de w+are ungeleafful rihtes geleafan, weor+de se
geleafful godcundes rihtes.
<R 136>
+dus man sceal +alc unriht mid rihte gebetan & unweod aweodian
& god s+ad ar+aran.
<R 139>
Nu la, leofan men, gelyfa+d huru georne & anr+adlice
be+tenca+d +t+at annes & +drynnes on godcundnesse an
is; +d+at is f+ader & sunu & frofergast.
<R 141>
Ealle +ta +dry naman befeh+d an godcund miht & is untod+aled
an ece God, wealdend & wyrhta ealra gesceafta.
<R 143>
Se is to lufianne & to weor+dianne ofer ealle o+dre +ding.
<R 144>
And riht is +t+at +alc cristen man eac o+derne lufie & healde
mid rihte, & +t+at +anig o+drum ne beode butan +t+at he wylle
<P 208>
+t+at man him beode.
<R 146>
Ne +anig ne syrwe ne o+drum ne swicie, ac healde +alc o+derne
mid rihtre getryw+de.
<R 147>
Ic l+are eac georne manna gehwylcne +t+at he Godes ege h+abbe
+afre on gemynde & Godes hus symle weor+die
& werie & sece gelome him sylfum to +tearfe.
<R 150>
Sibbe & some lufie man georne & +alc fracodlic facn +afre
aweorpe & +aghwylcne h+a+denscype wordes & weorces
forhogie man +afre.
<R 152>
Godcundre lare folgie man georne & inweardre heortan clypie
man to Criste oft & gelome, & cyrican gegrete
mid leohte & lacum swa man oftost m+age.
<R 155>
Rihte teo+dunga gel+aste man gl+adlice, & Godes sacerdan
hlyste man georne & hy for Godes ege lufige &
weor+die, (\ut Dominus dicit: Qui uos audit, et reliqua\) .
<R 157>
+almesgedal d+ale man gelome, Mete +tam ofhingredum, drenc
+tam of+dyrstum, hushleow gefarenum, w+afels +tam
nacedum, frofer +tam dreorigan, neosunge +tam seocan, &
byrgenne +tam deadan.
<R 160>
Wydewan & steopcild werie man & nerie, & +dearfena gehwylcum
helpe man georne.
<R 162>
Domas & dihtas rihte man geornlice, +t+at
<P 209>
leod & lagu trumlice
stande.
<R 163>
Beo manna gehwylc hold & getrywe his worldhlaforde +afre mid
rihte, & beo hlaforda gehwylc milde his
mannum & hy n+afre ne swence on unriht to swy+de.
<R 166>
Beo manna gehwylc milde on mode & miltsie for Godes ege, +t+ar
he derian m+age.
<R 167>
Godf+ader his godbearn lufie & l+are & unrihtes styre.
<R 168>
Pater noster & credan mymerian +ta yldran & t+acan heora
gingran mid rihtan geleafan.
<R 169>
On manna gehwylces mode & mu+de so+dsagu stande.
<R 170>
On heortan & on weorcan cl+annes gelufie; on ge+dance & on
+teawan syfernes gelicie.
<R 172>
Eac ic l+are georne manna gehwylcne +t+at he his luste to
swy+de ne fulgange, ac mid forh+afednesse oft
& gelome wylde hine sylfne him sylfum to +dearfe.
<R 174>
And do+d swa ic l+are, hyran +ta gingran georne heora yldran,
& lufian & l+aran +ta yldran heora gingran;
& +da +te lifes weg l+adan cunnan gebringan on rihtwege +ta
+de +ar dweledan.
<R 177>
And styre man +tam stuntum, & hlyste man +tam wisan, &
af+astnie man symle georne on heortan godcunde
+tearfe, & ealne modes hiht on God sylfne besette man f+aste.
<R 180>
Ondr+ade man domd+ag & for helle agrise, & ecre reste earnie
man georne, & +aghwylce d+age a manna
<P 210>
gehwylc forhtige for synnum & +afre him gehende ended+ages 
wene.
<R 183>
Eala, hw+at se bi+d on worulde wis & ges+alig +te +dis eal
ge+dence+d oft & gelome & +de Godes beboda geornlice
gyme+d [^MS: SUPERSCRIPT e ABOVE y^] & on Godes mildheortnesse
fullice gehyhte+d, & se +de so+de lufe to Gode & to mannum
gehealde+d mid rihte, & mid rihtre d+adbote cl+ansa+d hine 
sylfne & +arran gewyrhta georne begeomera+d.
<R 188>
For+dam God sylfa behet synfullum mannum +t+at he wolde
miltsian, gyf hi woldon earnian.
<R 189>
Ealswa se witega sang & s+ade +ta +da he +dus cw+a+d:
(\Querite Dominum dum inueniri potest, et reliqua.
<R 191>
Item propheta dicit: In quacumque die peccator conuersus
fuerit, et reliqua\) .
<R 192>
(\Et Dominus in euangelio dicit: Gaudium est angelis Dei
super, et reliqua\) .
<R 194>
Eala, leofan men, utan nu efstan & ealle ure lifwegas
geornlice rihtan, & ne latian na to lange ne
ealles to swy+de, +te l+as +te we forweor+dan +tonne we l+ast
wenan.
<R 196>
Ac utan us sylfe mid godan ge+tance on worde & on weorce
wenian to rihte & geearnian +ta myrh+de mid Godes
fylste +te +dam is gegearwod +te Gode wel gehyra+d & his
lage healda+d +ta hwyle +te hy libba+d.
<R 200>
A sy ecum Gode lof & wyr+dmynt in ealra woruld +afre butan
ende, amen.

<Q O3 IR HOM WULF13>
<N WHOM 13>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B2.3.1^]
<P 225>
[} (\SERMO AD POPULUM\) }]
<R 2>
Leofan men, understanda+d +t+at +arest cristenra manna gehwylc
ah ealra +tinga m+aste +dearfe +t+at he cunne
Godesriht ongytan +turh lare & lage & gelyfan anr+adlice on
God +almihtigne, +te is waldend & wyrhta ealra gesceafta.
<R 5>
And sy+d+dan is eac +tearf +t+at gehwa understande hwanan he
sylf com, & hw+at he is, & to hwan he geweor+dan sceal.
<R 6>
Of eor+dan gewurdan +arest geworhte +ta +de we ealle of coman,
& to eor+dan we sculan ealle geweor+dan &
sy+d+dan habban swa ece wite a butan ende, swa ece blisse, swa
hw+a+der swa we on life +ar geearnedon.
<P 226>
<R 10>
Eala, lytel is se fyrst +tyses lifes, & ly+dre is, +t+at we
lufia+d & on wunia+d, & for oft hit wyr+d ra+dost
forloren +tonne hit w+are leofost gehealden.
<R 12>
Ac utan don swa us mycel +tearf is, tylian +t+as +de us n+afre
ne ateora+d, lufian Godd eallum mode & eallum
m+agne & wyrcan georne his willan.
<R 14>
His wylla is +t+at we aa +after ure agenre +tearfe geornlice
winnan & +t+at geearnian +t+at we to gela+dode
syn, +t+at is heofona rice +d+at he h+af+d gegearwod +alcum
+t+ara +te his willan gewyrc+d her on worulde.
<R 17>
Utan don eac swa we +tearfe agan, beon mildheorte &
+almesgeorne & eadmode & so+df+aste & unswicole & rihtwise
+t+as +te we magan on eallum +dingum, & ge+dencan
hw+at we behetan +ta we fulluht underfengan, o+d+ton
+ta +de +at fulluhte ure foresprecan w+aran.
<R 22>
+t+at is, +t+at we woldan a God lufian & on hine gelyfan & his
bebodu healdan & deofol ascunian & his unlara georne forbugan.
<R 24>
+Tis man beh+at for +alcne +t+ara +te fulluht underfeh+d; &
+deah +t+at cild for geogo+de sprecan ne mage +tonne
hit man fulla+d, his freonda forespr+ac forstent him eal
+t+at ylce +te hit
<P 227>
sylf spr+ace.
<R 27>
Is +teah ma manna +tonne +tearf w+are +te +tises behates
gescad ne cunnan.
<R 28>
Twa word behealda+d mycel: (\Abrenuntio & credo\) .
<R 30>
Leofan men, for ure ealra +tearfe Crist com on +tis lif & for
ure neode dea+d +trowode.
<R 31>
+Ar +dam timan n+as +anig man on worulde swa m+are +t+at he on
an ne sceolde to helle, swa he heonan ferde,
swa for+d ahte deofol geweald ealles manncynnes eal for ure
yldrena gewyrhtan.
<R 34>
Ac mycel ge+tolode +durh his mildheortnesse Crist for ure
+tearfe +ta he let hine sylfne bindan & swingan
& on rode ahon & him +ag+der +turhdrifan mid isenum n+aglum
ge fet ge handa & swa to dea+de acwellan.
<R 37>
Ac he geswutelode swa+deah +ty +driddan d+age +ta he of dea+de
aras +t+at he +ag+dres geweald h+af+d ge lifes ge dea+tes.
<R 40>
Leofan men, hwa m+ag +afre o+drum fur+dor freondscype gecy+dan
+tonne he his agen feorh gesylle & +durh +t+at
his freond wi+d dea+d ahredde?
<R 42>
Ealle, we scoldan forweor+dan ecan dea+de,
<P 228>
n+are +t+at Crist
for us dea+d +trowode.
<R 43>
Ac he gebohte us +ta ealle mid his deorwur+dan blode of helle
wite & h+af+d nu +turh his gyfe manna gehwylc,
gif he geearnian wylle, heofona rice.
<R 46>
+Donne ne +tince us +afre to mycel, ac us m+ag aa to lytel,
+t+at we Godes +tances to Gode gedon, for+dam ne
cunne we n+afre him geleanian +ta +ding ealle +te he us
gedon h+af+d & d+aghwamlice de+d & gyt don wile,
+t+ar we betst be+durfan, gyf we sylfe +t+as geearnian
wylla+d.
<R 51>
Leofan men, utan don swa us +tearf is, beon geornfulle ure
agenre +tearfe, geswican ure synna, & forbugan
+alc unriht & gebugan georne to rihte.
<R 53>
And utan understandan +t+at nis nan rihtra dom +tonne ure +alc
o+drum beode +t+at we willan +t+at man us beode.
<R 55>
And utan ge+tencan +t+at we habba+d +anne heofonlicne f+ader &
+t+at we syndan +turh cristendom ealle gebro+dra.
<R 57>
+Dy ne misbeode cristenra manna +anig o+drum ealles to swy+de,
for+dam eal +t+at +anig man o+drum her on unriht
to hearme gede+d wordes o+d+don weorces, eal hit sceal eft
m+anigfealdlice derian him sylfum, butan
he hit +ar gebete.
<P 229>
<R 61>
Ac utan gladian georne God +almihtigne, habban us so+de sibbe
& some gem+ane & don a to gode +t+ane d+al
+te we magan & geearnian us mid +tam ece blisse.
<R 63>
Utan gyman +t+at we urne cristendom cl+anlice gehealdan &
aweorpan alcne h+a+dendom & habban rihtne geleafan,
& lufian cyricsocne d+ages & nihtes oft & gelome, &
libban +tam life +te scrift us wisige, & a a+d
& wedd w+arlice healdan, & freolstida & f+astentida
rihtlice understandan, & ure +almessan geornlice
d+alan & gel+astan bli+dum mode Gode +ta gerihta +te him to
gebyrian, +t+at is se teo+da d+al ealra +t+ara +dinga
+te he us on +dysum l+anan life to forl+aten h+af+d, & ure
frumgripan gangendes & weaxendes, & geearnian
us mid +tam lytlum mycle mare us sylfum to +tearfe.
<R 72>
+Donne is +t+artoeacan gyt to understandenne +t+at we eac
eadmodlice eal gel+astan on geargerihtan +t+at ure
yldran hwilum +ar Gode behetan; +d+at is sulh+almessan &
rompenegas & cyricsceattas
<P 230>
& leohtgescota.
<R 76>
& se +de +t+at de+d +t+at ic ymbe spece, he de+d him sylfum
mycle +dearfe.
<R 77>
And +t+at is witodlice ful so+d, gelyfe se +de wylle, an tima
cym+d ure +aghwylcum +t+at us w+are leofre +tonne
eal +t+at we on worulde wi+d+aftan us l+afa+d, +t+ar we a
worhton, +ta hwile +te we mihtan, georne +t+at God
licode.
<R 80>
Ac +t+anne we sculan habban anfeald lean +t+as +te we on life
+ar geworhton.
<R 82>
Wa +dam +tonne +te +ar geearnode helle wite.
+D+ar is ece bryne grimme gemencged, & +d+ar is ece gryre;
+d+ar is ece +ace, & +d+ar is sorgung & sargung,
& a singal heof; +t+ar is wanung & granung; +d+ar is yrm+da
gehwylc & ealra deofla ge+dring.
<R 85>
Wa +dam +te +t+ar sceal wunian on wite.
<R 86>
Betere him w+are +t+at he man n+are +afre geworden +tonne he
gewurde.
<R 87>
Nis se man on life +te areccan m+age ealle +ta yrm+da +te se
gebidan sceal se +de
<P 231>
on +da witu ealles behreose+d; & hit is ealles +te wyrse +te
his +anig ende ne cym+d +afre to worulde.
<R 90>
+Dyder sculan manslagan, & +dider sculan mansworan; +tyder
sculan +awbrecan & +da fulan forlegenan; +dider
sculan wiccan & bearnmyr+dran; +dider sculan +teofas &
+deodsca+dan, ryperas & reaferas, &, hr+adest to
secganne, ealle +ta manfullan +te God gremia+d, butan hy
geswican & +de deoppor gebetan.
<R 95>
For Godes lufan we bidda+d manna gehwylcne +t+at he be+tence
georne hine sylfne.
<R 96>
Utan gecyrran georne fram synnum & God biddan inweardre
heortan +t+at he us gebeorge wi+d +tone egsan.
<R 98>
Utan forfleon geornlice man & mor+dor & manslihtas, stala &
strudunga & searacr+aftas, & utan scyldan
wi+d forliger & wi+d +aghwylce fyl+de, & utan lufian riht
georne & +alc unriht ascunian.
<R 101>
Utan andettan ure synna
<P 232>
urum scriftan +ta hwile +te we magan &
motan, & betan & a geswican & don to gode
swa mycel swa we m+ast magan.
<R 103>
+Tonne beorge we us sylfum wi+d ece wite, & geearnia+d us
heofona rice.

<Q O3 IR HOM WULF20>
<N WHOM 20>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B2.4.2.C^]
<P 267>
[} (\SERMO LUPI AD ANGLOS QUANDO DANI MAXIME PERSECUTI SUNT 
EOS, QUOD FUIT ANNO MILLESIMO .XIIII. AB INCARNATIONE DOMINI
NOSTRI IESU CRISTI\) }]
<R 2>
Leofan men, gecnawa+d +t+at so+d is: +deos worold is on ofste,
& hit neal+ac+d +tam ende, & +ty hit is on worolde
aa swa leng swa wyrse; & swa hit sceal nyde for folces
synnan +ar Antecristes tocyme yfelian swy+te,
& huru hit wyr+d +t+anne egeslic & grimlic wide on
worolde.
<R 5>
Understanda+d eac georne +t+at deofol +tas +teode nu fela
geara dwelode to swy+te, & +t+at lytle getreow+ta
w+aran mid mannum, +teah hy wel sp+acan, & unrihta to fela
ricsode on lande.
<R 8>
And n+as a fela manna +te smeade ymbe +ta bote swa georne swa
man scolde, ac d+aghwamlice man ihte yfel
+after o+drum & unriht r+arde & unlaga manege ealles to wide
gynd ealle +tas +teode.
<R 11>
And we eac for+tam habba+d fela byrsta & bysmara gebiden, &
gif we +anige bote gebidan scylan, +tonne mote
we +t+as to Gode earnian bet +tonne we +ar +tysan dydan.
<R 14>
For+tam mid miclan earnungan we geearnedan +ta yrm+da +te us
onsitta+d, & mid swy+te micelan earnungan we
+ta
<P 268>
bote motan +at Gode ger+acan gif hit sceal heonanfor+d
godiende weor+dan.
<R 17>
La hw+at, we witan ful georne +t+at to miclan bryce sceal
micel bot nyde, & to miclan bryne w+ater unlytel,
gif man +t+at fyr sceal to ahte acwencan.
<R 19>
And micel is nyd+tearf manna gehwilcum +t+at he Godes lage
gyme heonanfor+d georne & Godes gerihta mid
rihte gel+aste.
<R 21>
On h+a+tenum +teodum ne dear man forhealdan lytel ne micel
+t+as +te gelagod is to gedwolgoda weor+dunge,
& we forhealda+d +aghw+ar Godes gerihta ealles to gelome.
<R 24>
And ne dear man gewanian on h+a+tenum +teodum inne ne ute
+anig +t+ara +tinga +te gedwolgodan broht bi+d & to
lacum bet+aht bi+d, & we habba+d Godes hus inne & ute cl+ane
berypte.
<R 27>
And Godes +teowas syndan m+a+te & munde gewelhw+ar bed+alde; &
gedwolgoda +tenan ne dear man misbeodan on
+anige wisan mid h+a+tenum leodum, swa swa man Godes +teowum
nu de+d to wide +t+ar cristene scoldan Godes
lage healdan & Godes +teowas gri+dian.
<R 31>
Ac so+d is +t+at ic secge, +tearf is +t+are bote, for+tam
Godes gerihta wandean to lange innan +tysse +teode
on +aghwylcan ende, & folclaga wyrsedan ealles to swy+te, &
halignessa syndan to gri+dlease wide, & Godes
hus syndan to cl+ane berypte ealdra gerihta & innan
bestrypte +alcra gerisena, & wydewan syndan
fornydde on unriht to ceorle, & to m+anege foryrmde & gehynede
swy+te, & earme men syndan sare beswicene
& hreowlice besyrwde & ut of +tysan earde wide gesealde,
swy+te unforworhte, fremdum to gewealde,
<P 269>
& cradolcild ge+teowede +turh w+alhreowe unlaga for lytelre
+tyf+te wide gynd +tas +teode, & freoriht fornumene
& +tr+alriht genyrwde & +almesriht gewanode.
<R 42>
&, hr+adest is to cwe+tenne, Godes laga la+de & lara
forsawene.
<R 43>
And +t+as we habba+d ealle +turh Godes yrre bysmor gelome,
gecnawe se +de cunne; & se byrst wyr+d gem+ane,
+teh man swa ne wene, eallre +tysse +teode, butan God beorge.
<R 47>
For+tam hit is on us eallum swutol & gesene +t+at we +ar
+tysan oftor br+acan +tonne we bettan, & +ty is +tysse
+teode fela ons+age.
<R 49>
Ne dohte hit nu lange inne ne ute, ac w+as here & hunger,
bryne & blodgyte, on gewelhwylcan ende oft
& gelome.
<R 50>
And us stalu & cwalu, stric & steorfa, orfcwealm & unco+tu,
hol & hete & rypera reaflac derede swy+te
+tearle; & us ungylda swy+te gedrehtan, & us unwedera foroft
weoldan unw+astma.
<R 53>
for+tam on +tysan earde w+as, swa hit +tincan m+ag, nu fela
geara unriht fela & tealte getryw+da +aghw+ar mid mannum.
<R 55>
Ne bearh nu foroft gesib gesibban +te ma +te fremdan, ne
f+ader his bearne, ne hwilum bearn his agenum
f+ader, ne bro+tor o+trum; ne ure +anig his lif ne fadode swa
swa he scolde, ne gehadode regollice, ne
l+awede lahlice.
<R 59>
Ac worhtan lust us to lage ealles to gelome, & na+tor ne
heoldan ne lare ne lage Godes ne manna swa
swa we scoldan.
<R 61>
ne +anig wi+d o+terne getrywlice +tohte swa rihte swa he
scolde, ac m+ast +alc swicode & o+trum derede wordes
& d+ade, & huru unrihtlice m+ast +alc o+terne +aftan
heawe+t sceandlican onscytan, do mare gif he m+age.
<P 270>
<R 65>
For+tam her syn on lande ungetryw+ta micle for Gode & for
worolde, & eac her syn on earde on mistlice
wisan hlafordswican manege.
<R 67>
And ealra m+ast hlafordswice se bi+d on worolde +t+at man his
hlafordes saule beswice; & ful micel hlafordswice
eac bi+d on worolde +t+at man his hlaford of life
forr+ade o+d+don of lande lifiendne drife; & +ag+ter
is geworden on +tysan earde.
<R 71>
Eadweard man forr+adde & sy+d+dan acwealde & +after +tam
forb+arnde.
<R 72>
And godsibbas & godbearn to fela man forspilde wide gynd +tas
+teode toeacan o+dran ealles to manegan
+te man unscyldgige forfor ealles to wide.
<R 74>
And ealles to manege halige stowa wide forwurdan +turh +t+at
+te man sume men +ar +tam gelogode swa man na
ne scolde, gif man on Godes gri+de m+a+te witan wolde; &
cristenes folces to fela man gesealde ut of
+tysan earde nu ealle hwile.
<R 78>
And eal +t+at is Gode la+d, gelyfe se +te wille.
<R 79>
And scandlic is to specenne +t+at geworden is to wide &
egeslic is to witanne +t+at oft do+d to manege +te
dreoga+d +ta yrm+te, +t+at sceota+d tog+adere & ane cwenan
gem+anum ceape bicga+d gem+ane, & wi+d +ta ane fyl+te
adreoga+d, an after anum & +alc +after o+drum, hundum
gelicost +te for fyl+te ne scrifa+d, & sy+d+dan wi+d
weor+de sylla+d of lande feondum to gewealde Godes gesceafte
& his agenne ceap +te he deore gebohte.
<R 86>
Eac we witan georne hw+ar seo yrm+d gewear+d +t+at f+ader
gesealde bearn wi+d weor+te & bearn his modor, &
bro+tor sealde
<P 271>
o+terne fremdum to gewealde; & eal +t+at syndan
micle & egeslice d+ada, understande se +te
wille.
<R 89>
And git hit is mare & eac m+anigfealdre +t+at dere+d +tysse
+teode.
<R 90>
M+anige synd forsworene & swy+te forlogene, & wed synd
tobrocene oft & gelome, & +t+at is gesyne on +tysse
+teode +t+at us Godes yrre hetelice onsit, gecnawe se +te
cunne.
<R 94>
And la, hu m+ag mare scamu +turh Godes yrre mannum gelimpan
+tonne us de+d gelome for agenum gewyrhtum?
<R 95>
+deah +tr+ala hwylc hlaforde +atleape & of cristendome to
wicinge weor+te, & hit +after +tam eft geweor+te
+t+at w+apengewrixl weor+de gem+ane +tegene & +tr+ale, gif
+tr+al +t+ane +tegen fullice afylle, licge +agylde ealre
his m+ag+de.
<R 99>
& gif se +tegen +t+ane +tr+al +te he +ar ahte fullice afylle,
gylde +tegengylde.
<R 100>
Ful earhlice laga & scandlice nydgyld +turh Godes yrre us syn
gem+ane, understande se +te cunne, & fela
ungelimpa gelimp+d +tysse +teode oft & gelome.
<R 103>
Ne dohte hit nu lange inne ne ute, ac w+as here & hete on
gewelhwilcan ende oft & gelome, & Engle nu
lange eal sigelease & to swy+te geyrgde +turh Godes yrre, &
flotmen swa strange +turh Godes +tafunge +t+at
oft on gefeohte an fese+d tyne & hwilum l+as, hwilum ma,
eal for urum synnum.
<R 107>
And oft tyne o+d+de twelfe, +alc +after o+trum, scenda+d to
bysmore +t+as +tegenes cwenan & hwilum his dohtor
o+d+de nydmagan +t+ar he on loca+d +te l+at hine sylfne
rancne & ricne & genoh godne +ar +t+at gewurde.
<R 111>
And oft +tr+al +t+ane +tegen +te +ar w+as his hlaford cnyt
swy+te f+aste & wyrc+d him to +tr+ale +turh Godes yrre.
<R 113>
Wala +t+are yrm+de & wala +t+are woroldscame +te nu habba+d
Engle eal +turh Godes yrre.
<R 114>
Oft twegen s+amen o+d+de +try hwilum drifa+d +ta drafe
cristenra manna fram s+a to s+a
<P 272>
ut +turh +tas +teode gewelede tog+adere, us eallum to 
woroldscame, gif we on eornost +anige cu+ton ariht
understandan.
<R 117>
Ac ealne +t+ane bysmor +te we oft +tolia+d we gylda+d mid
weor+dscipe +tam +te us scenda+d.
<R 119>
we him gylda+d singallice, & hy us hyna+d d+aghwamlice.
<R 120>
Hy hergia+d & hy b+arna+d, rypa+t & reafia+d & to scipe
l+ada+d; & la, hw+at is +anig o+der on eallum +tam gelimpum
butan Godes yrre ofer +tas +teode, swutol & ges+ane?
<R 123>
Nis eac nan wundor +teah us mislimpe, for+tam we witan ful
georne +t+at nu fela geara men na ne rohtan
foroft hw+at hy worhtan wordes o+d+de d+ade, ac wear+d +tes
+teodscipe, swa hit +tincan m+ag, swy+te forsyngod
+turh m+anigfealde synna & +turh fela misd+ada: +turh
mor+dd+ada & +turh mand+ada, +turh gitsunga & +turh gifernessa,
+turh stala & +turh strudunga, +turh mannsylena &
+turh h+a+tene unsida, +turh swicdomas & +turh
searacr+aftas, +turh lahbrycas & +turh +awswicas, +turh
m+agr+asas & +turh manslyhtas, +turh hadbrycas & +turh
+awbrycas, +turh siblegeru & +turh mistlice forligru.
<R 132>
And eac syndan wide, swa we +ar cw+adan, +turh a+dbricas &
+turh wedbrycas & +turh mistlice leasunga forloren
& forlogen ma +tonne scolde, & freolsbricas &
f+astenbrycas wide geworhte oft & gelome.
<R 135>
And eac her syn on earde apostatan abro+tene & cyrichatan
hetole & leodhatan grimme ealles to manege,
& oferhogan wide godcundra rihtlaga & cristenra +teawa, &
hocorwyrde dysige +aghw+ar on +teode oftost
on +ta +ting +te Godes bodan beoda+t & swy+tost on +ta +ting
+te +afre to Godes lage gebyria+d mid rihte.
<R 141>
And +ty is nu geworden wide & side to ful yfelan gewunan,
+t+at menn swy+tor scama+d nu for godd+adan +tonne
for misd+adan;
<P 273>
for+tam to oft man mid hocere godd+ada
hyrwe+d & godfyrhte lehtre+d ealles to swy+te, &
swy+tost man t+ale+d & mid olle gegrete+d ealles to gelome
+ta +te riht lufia+d & Godes ege habba+d be +anigum d+ale.
<R 146>
And +turh +t+at +te man swa de+d +t+at man eal hyrwe+d +t+at
man scolde heregian & to for+d la+det +t+at man scolde
lufian, +turh +t+at man gebringe+d ealles to manege on
yfelan ge+tance & on und+ade, swa +t+at hy ne scama+d
na +teah hy syngian swy+de & wi+d God sylfne forwyrcan hy
mid ealle, ac for idelan onscytan hy scama+d
+t+at hy betan heora misd+ada, swa swa bec t+acan, gelice
+tam dw+asan +te for heora prytan lewe nella+d
beorgan +ar hy na ne magan, +teah hy eal willan.
<R 154>
Her syndan +turh synleawa, swa hit +tincan m+ag, sare gelewede
to manege on earde.
<R 155>
Her syndan mannslagan & m+agslagan & m+asserbanan &
mynsterhatan; & her syndan mansworan & mor+torwyrhtan;
& her syndan myltestran & bearnmyr+dran & fule forlegene
horingas manege; & her syndan wiccan & w+alcyrian.
<R 159>
& her syndan ryperas & reaferas & woroldstruderas &, hr+adest
is to cwe+tenne, mana & misd+ada ungerim
ealra.
<R 160>
And +t+as us ne scama+d na, ac +t+as us scama+d swy+te +t+at
we bote aginnan
<P 274>
swa swa bec t+acan, & +t+at is gesyne on +tysse earman
forsyngodon +teode.
<R 163>
Eala, micel magan manege gyt heretoeacan ea+te be+tencan +t+as
+te an man ne mehte on hr+adinge asmeagan,
hu earmlice hit gefaren is nu ealle hwile wide gynd +tas
+teode.
<R 166>
And smeage huru georne gehwa hine sylfne & +t+as na ne latige
ealles to lange.
<R 168>
Ac la, on Godes naman utan don swa us neod is, beorgan us
sylfum swa we geornost magan +te l+as we +atg+adere
ealle forweor+dan.
<R 170>
An +teodwita w+as on Brytta tidum Gildas hatte.
<R 171>
Se awrat be heora misd+adum hu hy mid heora synnum swa
oferlice swy+te God gegr+amedan +t+at he let +at nyhstan
Engla here heora eard gewinnan & Brytta duge+te fordon
mid ealle.
<R 174>
And +t+at w+as geworden +t+as +te he s+ade, +turh ricra
reaflac & +turh gitsunge wohgestreona, +durh leode unlaga
& +turh wohdomas, +durh biscopa asolcennesse & +turh
ly+dre yrh+de Godes bydela +te so+tes geswugedan
ealles to gelome & clumedan mid ceaflum +t+ar hy scoldan
clypian.
<R 178>
+turh fulne eac folces g+alsan & +turh oferfylla &
m+anigfealde synna heora eard hy forworhtan & selfe
hy forwurdan.
<R 180>
Ac utan don swa us +tearf is, warnian us be swilcan; & so+t is
+t+at ic secge, wyrsan d+ada we witan mid
Englum +tonne we mid Bryttan ahwar
<P 275>
gehyrdan.
<R 183>
And +ty us is +tearf micel +t+at we us be+tencan & wi+d God
sylfne +tingian georne.
<R 184>
And utan don swa us +tearf is, gebugan to rihte & be suman
d+ale unriht forl+atan & betan swy+te georne
+t+at we +ar br+acan.
<R 186>
And utan God lufian & Godes lagum fylgean, & gel+astan swy+te
georne +t+at +t+at we behetan +ta we fulluht
underfengan, o+d+don +ta +te +at fulluhte ure forespecan
w+aran.
<R 189>
And utan word & weorc rihtlice fadian & ure inge+tanc
cl+ansian georne & a+d & wed w+arlice healdan & sume
getryw+da habban us betweonan butan uncr+aftan.
<R 191>
And utan gelome understandan +tone miclan dom +te we ealle to
sculon, & beorgan us georne wi+d +tone weallendan
bryne hellewites, & geearnian us +ta m+ar+da & +ta
myrh+da +te God h+af+d gegearwod +tam +te his willan
on worolde gewyrca+d.
<R 196>
God ure helpe, amen.



<B COBLICK>
<Q O2/3 IR HOM BLICK2>
<N BL HOM 2>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE BLICKLING HOMILIES.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY,
O.S. 58, 63, 73.
ED. R. MORRIS.
LONDON, 1967 (1874-1880).
PP. 15.1  - 25.36  (II)
PP. 65.27 - 83.4   (VI)
PP. 131.7 - 137.17 (XII)
PP. 107.8 - 115.25 (X)
PP. 197.1 - 211.9  (XVII)^]

[^B3.2.8^]
<P 15>
<R 1>
[} (\DOMINICA PRIMA IN QUINQVAGESIMA.\) }]
Gehera+d nu, men +ta leofestan, hu Lucas se godspellere
s+agde be +tisse ondweardan tide, ge eac be +t+are
toweardan, & hu Drihten wolde cuman to +t+are stowe +te
he on +trowian wolde.
<R 4>
+ta mid +ty +te hit neal+ahte +t+are tide, H+alend genam his
twelf +tegnas sundor of +t+am weorode, & him to
cw+a+t, Nu we fara+t to Gerusalem, & +tonne beo+d gefylde
ealle +ta halgan gewreotu +te be mannes suna
awritene w+aron.
<R 7>
& he bi+d geseald h+a+tnum mannum, +t+at hie hine bysmrian.
<R 8>
hie hine binda+d & swinga+t & sp+atlia+d on his onsyne; &
+after +t+are swinglan hie hine ofslea+d; & +ty
+triddan d+age he of dea+te arise+t.
<R 10>
Hi +ta +ta Cristes +tegnas +teossa worda nan ongeotan ne
mehton; ac hie w+aron him bediglede, for+ton +te
hie w+aron +tagyt mid worldge+tohtum bewrigene.
<R 13>
+ta w+as geworden +t+at H+alend geneal+ahte Gericho.
<R 14>
+ta s+at +t+ar sum blind +tearfa be +don wege, & gehyrde
myccle menigo him beforan feran; +ta ahsode he
hw+at +t+at w+are.
<R 16>
Hie him ondsworedon & cw+adon, Hit is H+alend se Nazarenisca.
<R 17>
He +ta cleopode hluddre stefne, & +tus cw+a+t: Miltsa me,
Dauides sunu, miltsa me.
<R 18>
+ta foreferendan him budon +t+at he swigade; & swa hie him
swy+tor styrdon, swa he hludor cleopode,
& +tus cw+a+t: Miltsa me, Dauides sunu, miltsa me.
<R 21>
H+alend +ta gestod, & hine het to him gel+adon; & mid +ty +te
he him geneal+ahte, he him tocw+a+t, Hw+at wilt
+tu +t+at ic +te do?
<R 23>
Se blinda him ondswerede & cw+a+t, Drihten, +t+at ic m+age
geseon.
<R 24>
H+alend him tocw+a+t, Loca nu; +tin agen geleafa +te h+af+t
geh+aledne.
<R 25>
He +ta sona inst+apes geseh, & +ta sona w+as Drihtne
fylgende; & hine herede & weor+tode.
<R 27>
& eal +t+at folc +te +tis wundor geseah, his noman myccledon.
<R 28>
Hw+at we nu gehyrdon +tis halige godspel beforan us r+adan, &
+teh we hit sceolan eft ofercwe+tan, +t+at
we +te geornor witon +t+at hit us to bysene belimpe+t eces
lifes.
<R 30>
Nu +ar we gehyrdon +t+at H+alend his +tegnum s+ade his
+trowunga & +ta sar & +da bysmra +te he mid Iudeum adreogan
wolde.
<R 32>
for+don he +tis dyde +t+at
<P 17>
he wolde +tonne hie gesawon his
+da heardan bendas, +t+at hie ne w+aron on heora
mode gedrefede.
<R 34>
&, +donne me hine gesawon sweltendne, +t+at hie +tonne
w+aron afrefrede, he him gehet his +ariste, swa
he +ta mid so+de gefylde, gelice swa he +ar +ta +trowunge
dyde.
<R 37>
His +tegnas w+aron +tagyt fl+asclices modes, & n+aron mid
gastes m+agene getremede.
<R 38>
for+ton hie ne mihton +ta word ongeotan +t+as heofonlican
gerynes, hw+a+tre he getrymede heora geleafan
mid +ton heofonlicon weorce, +teah hie +t+at word +t+as
heofonlican gerynes ne ongeaton.
<R 41>
Nu we sceolan, men +ta leofestan, +da wundor gecyrran on
so+tf+astnesse geleafan ures Drihtnes H+alendes
Cristes, +ta he +turh his +ta mycclan miht worhte beforan
manna eagum.
<R 44>
We nestan +ar hw+at se blinda w+as; nu we magon +tonne
ongytan hw+at +t+at geryne tacna+t.
<R 46>
Eal +tis mennisce cyn w+as on blindnesse, seo+d+dan +ta
+arestan men asceofene w+aron of gefean neorxnawanges,
& +ta beorhtnessa forleton +t+as heofonlican leohtes, &
+tisse worlde +teostro & erm+da +trowodan.
<R 49>
Drihten +ta +turh his tocyme +tysne middangeard onlyhte, &
eallum geleaffulum monnum heora gong gesta+telade
to lifes wege, +t+at hie magon +turh +ta
lustfulnesse heora modes, mid godum d+adum, geearnian
leoht +t+as ecan lifes.
<R 53>
Halige gewreotu us tacnia+t +tas world +turh +tone monan;
for+ton +tonne he wexe+t, he bi+d gelic +t+am godum
men +te ahopa+d to +t+am ecean leohte, & +tonne se mona
wana+d, +tonne tacna+d he ure dea+tlicnesse, &
+tisse worlde wanunge.
<R 57>
Cw+a+t se godspellere, mid +ty +te se H+alend geneal+ahte
Gericho, +t+at leoht cyrde to +ton blindan.
<R 58>
+t+at tacna+t +t+at seo godcundnes onfeng ure tydran gecynde.
<R 59>
+ta cyrde sona +t+at heofonlice leoht to +tyssum menniscan
cynne, +te se +aresta man forlet; & for+don
God to us ni+ter [{astahg{] +te he wolde +t+at we w+aron
upahafene to his godcundnesse.
<R 62>
Rihtlic +t+at w+as +t+at se blinda be +d+am wege s+ate
w+adliende; for+ton +te Drihten sylfa cw+a+t, Ic eom weg
so+df+astnesse; & se +te ne can +ta beorhtnesse +t+as ecan
leohtes, se bi+d blind.
<R 65>
& se leofa+d & gelyfe+t se +te site+t be +t+am wege
w+adliende, & +tonne bide+t +t+as ecan leohtes, & no ne
geblinne+t.
<R 67>
Se +tonne ne ongyte+t +ta +teostra his agenra synna, wite he
+t+at he bi+d wana
<P 19>
+t+as ecan leohtes, buton
he gebete +t+at he +ar forgiten h+afde.
<R 70>
Cleopian we nu in eglum mode & inneweardre heortan, swa se
blinda dyde, & cwe+tan, Miltsa me, Dauides
sunu, miltsa me.
<R 72>
Smeagean we nu & +tencan hw+at +t+at tacnode, +t+at seo
menigo styrde +t+am blindan +t+at he cleopode.
<R 73>
Ic +te secge hw+at seo menego tacnode, +ta fl+asclican willan
& +ta ungereclican uncysta.
<R 75>
+ta cuma+t oft +turh deofles sceonessa +ar to manna heortan,
+ar Drihtnes weorc +t+ar wunian mote; & hie
beo+t on heora mode mid mislicum ge+tohtum onstyrede, +t+at
seo stemn +t+are heortan bi+d swi+te gedrefed
on +t+am gebede.
<R 78>
Gehyran we nu forhwon se blinda leoht onfeng, & hw+at he dyde
+ta hine seo menego +treade +t+at he swigode.
<R 80>
He ma cegde & geornor b+ad +t+at H+alend him miltsade: +t+at
is +tonne +t+at we sceolan beon gel+arede mid
+tysse bysene, +tonne we beo+t mid mycclum hungre yfelra
ge+tohta abisgode, +tonne sceolan we geornlice
biddan +t+at he us gescylde wi+t +ta +tusendlican cr+aftas
deofles costunga.
<R 85>
Cw+a+t se godspellere, H+alend ferde +t+ar for+t, & +ta
gehyrde +tone blindan cleopian, & he sona gestod,
& +t+at wundor worhte +t+at he +tone blindan onlyhte.
<R 87>
Gehyra+t we nu +t+at seo mennisce gecynd bi+t a f+arende, &
seo godcunde meht a sta+tolf+astlice stonde+t.
<R 89>
Hw+at h+afde seo godcunde +turh +ta menniscan nemne buton
+t+at heo mihte beon acenned, & wacian, & arisan,
& faran of stowe to o+terre.
<R 91>
+tonne [{mar+ton{] +t+are godcundnesse n+anig onwendnesse on
carcerne w+as of +t+are menniscan gecynde, nalas
of +t+are godcundan miht.
<R 93>
he bi+d a wesende, & +aghw+ar ondweard, & +alce stowe he
gefyl+t & ufan oferwryh+t, & a bi+t ece.
<R 95>
+t+at us tacna+t +t+at he +turh +ta menniscan gecynd ure
stefne blindnesse gehyre+t; +tonne we ure synna ondetta+t
& us forgifnessa bidda+t, +tonne bi+d he sona us
efen+trowiende, & hra+te miltsiende & forgifende
ura synna.
<R 99>
Eac is to ge+tencenne hw+at Drihten spr+ac, +ta se blinda to
him com; he cw+a+t, Hw+at wilt +tu +t+at ic +te
do?
<R 100>
N+as +t+at na +t+at he nyste hw+at se blinda wolde, se ealle
+ting wat, & him leoht forgeaf; ah Drihten
wile +t+at hine mon bidde, se +te +ar geteod h+afde +t+at he
+ton biddendan ece lif forgeafe.
<R 103>
Gelimplice he us l+arde & monade, hu we us gebiddan sceoldan,
& hw+a+tere
<P 21>
cw+a+t, Eower F+ader se on heofenum
is, wat hw+as eow +tearf bi+t, +ar ge hine o biddan.
<R 106>
We magan ongytan +t+at he for+ton us gesette +t+at we hine
biddan sceoldan, +ty we sceolan +tonne eac, in
+ta tid +t+as gebedes, ure heortan gecl+ansian from o+trum
ge+tohtum.
<R 109>
Gehyran we eac +t+at se blinda ne b+ad goldes, ne seolfres,
ne worldglenga, ah b+ad his eagena leohtes.
<R 110>
Hw+at we witon +tonne se mon bi+d blind, +teah he mycel age &
feala f+ageres, +t+at him bi+d mycel daru,
gif he hit geseon ne m+ag.
<R 113>
Men +ta leofestan, onhyrgean we +tone blindan +te on lichoman
w+as geh+aled ge eac on mode.
<R 114>
Ne biddan we urne Drihten +tyses l+anan welan, ne +tyssa
eor+tlicra geofa +te hr+adlice from monnum gewita+t,
[{ac{] biddon we Drihten +t+as leohtes +te n+afre ne
geenda+d.
<R 117>
+tis leoht we habba+t wi+d nytenu gem+ane, ac +t+at leoht we
sceolan secan +t+at we motan habban mid englum
gem+ane, in +t+am gastlicum +trymmum.
<R 119>
+t+at leoht on nanre tide ne ablinne+t; o+ton leohte is
fulfremednesse weg +te we on feran sceolan, +t+at
is se rihta geleafa.
<R 121>
Swi+te ea+te +t+at m+ag beon +t+at sume men +tencan o+t+te
cwe+tan, hu m+ag ic secan +t+at gastlice leoht +te ic
geseon ne m+ag, o+t+te hwanan sceal me cu+t beon +t+at ic
mid lichomlicum eagum geseon ne m+ag?
<R 125>
+t+am men m+ag beon swi+te ra+te geondweard.
Hw+at gelyfe+t se lichoma butan +turh +ta sawle?
<R 126>
Ge+tencean +ta men +t+at hie heora sylfra sawla geseon ne
magon; ac eal swa hw+at swa se gesenelica lichama
de+t o+t+te wyrce+t, eal +t+at de+t seo ungesynelice
sawl +turh +tone lichoman.
<R 129>
& +tonne seo sawl hie ged+ale+t wi+tone lichoman, hwylc bi+d
he +tonne buton swylce stan, o+t+te treow?
<R 131>
Ne he hine na ne onstyre+t, sy+t+tan seo ungesynelice sawl
him of bi+t; ac sona he molsna+t, & wyr+t to
+t+are ilcan eor+tan +te he +ar of gesceapen w+as, o+t+t+at
Drihten cyme+t on domes d+ag, & hate+t +ta eor+tan
eft agifan +t+at heo +ar onfeng.
<R 135>
& bi+d +tonne undea+tlic, +teah he +ar dea+tlic w+are +ta heo
hine onfeng, & sceal +teah beon gelic his geearnungum.
<R 137>
Gehyron we nu, men +ta leofestan, hw+at awriten is on Godes
bocum, +t+at se mon se +te god onginne+t & +tonne
ablinne+t, ne bi+t he Godes leof on +t+am nehstan d+age.
<R 139>
Ac se +te god onginne+t, & on +ton +turhwuna+t o+t ende his
lifes, se bi+d hal
<P 23>
geworden.
<R 141>
For+ton we habba+t ned+tearfe +t+at we ongyton +ta blindnesse
ure +al+teodignesse; we send on +tisse worlde
+al+teodignesse.
<R 143>
we synd on +tisse worlde +al+teodige, & swa w+aron si+t+ton
se +aresta ealdor +tisses menniscan cynnes Godes
bebodu abr+ac.
<R 145>
& for+ton gylte we w+aron on +tysne wr+acsi+t sende, & nu eft
sceolon o+terne e+tel secan, swa wite, swa
wuldor, swe we nu geearnian willa+t.
<R 147>
Gif we willa+t nu on Drihten gelyfan, & hine ongytan, +tonne
beo we sittende be +t+am wege, swa se blinda dyde.
<R 149>
+t+at is +tonne +t+at we sceolon +tone geleafan & +t+at
ondgit mid godum d+adum gefyllan, +tonne beo we urum
H+alende fylgende, swa se blinda w+as, sy+t+tan he geseon
mihte.
<R 152>
Her us cy+t +t+at se godspellere s+ade hu Drihten cw+a+t to
Petre, +ta he b+ad +t+at he moste faran & his f+ader
bebyrgean.
<R 154>
H+alend him +ta ondswarede & cw+a+t, +tu scealt fylgean me,
& l+atan +ta deadan bergean heora deade.
<R 155>
On +ton he us bysene onstealde +t+at n+anig mon ne sceal
lufian ne ne geman his gesibbes, gif he hine
+arost ag+alde Godes +teowdomes.
<R 158>
Ge+tencean we eac +t+at Drihten his englas gesceop, & heofen
& eor+tan, s+a, & ealle +ta gesceafta +te on
+t+am syndon; ealle stowa he gefylle+t & ymbfeh+t & neo+tan
underwre+te+t, & +aghwar he bi+t ondweard.
<R 161>
hw+a+tere he hine to +ton geea+tmedde for ure ned+tearfe,
+t+at he astah on medmycelne inno+d +t+are a cl+anan
f+amnan, & he onfeng +ta ilcan gecynde for urum lufon +te
he +ar gesceop.
<R 164>
& +ta nolde he him geceosan welige yldran, ac +ta +te
h+afdon lytle worldspeda, ne hie n+afdan for him
lamb to syllenne, ah twegen culfran briddas him
genihtsumedan, & twegen turturan gem+accan.
<R 168>
& hw+a+tere hie w+aron of Dauides cynnes strynde, +t+as
rihtcynecynnes.
<R 169>
Nu we gehyra+d +t+at Drihten forseah +tone welan +tisse
worlde; & he eft +after f+ace +at +t+am unl+adum Iudeum
manig bysmor ge+trowade.
<R 171>
hie hine swungon, & bundon, & sp+atledon on his onsyne, & mid
bradre hand slogan, & mid heora fystum
beotan; & +ta wundan beag of +tornum & him setton on
heafod for cynehelme; & hine +ta on rode ahengon.
<R 175>
Eal +tis he +trowode for ure lufan & h+alo; +ty he wolde
+t+at we +t+at heofenlice rice onfengon, +t+at +ta +arestan
<P 25>
men forworhtan +turh heora gifernesse & oferhygde.
<R 177>
Hw+at wille we on domes d+ag for+tberan +t+as we for urum
Drihtne arefnedon, nu he swa mycel for ure lufan ge+trowode?
<R 179>
Monige men syndon +te cwe+ta+t +t+at hie on God gelyfon &
hine lufian, & +tonne hwe+tere nella+t ablinnan
from heora unrihtum gestreonum & gitsunga, ah hie beo+d
upahafene on oforhygde & eac beo+t onb+arnde
mid +t+are biteran +afeste, ge eac beo+t besmitene mid +t+am
[^MORRIS: +tem^] uncl+anan firenluste.
<R 184>
Men +ta men +te +tyssum uncystum fylga+d, ne healda+t hie
Drihtnes bebodu ne his bysenum ne fylgea+d;
ac hie swi+tor fylga+t deofles larum, & his sceonessum; symle
he hie getyh+t to eallum uncystum, & to
+t+are lufan +tisse worlde mid his leascr+aftum.
<R 188>
& se +te him +tonne ne wile wi+tstondan, he him +at his ende
grim geweor+te+t & hine gel+ade+t on ece forwyrd.
<R 190>
Gemunon we nu ure d+aghwamlican synna +te we wi+d Godes
willan geworht habba+t, +t+at we mid eallum m+agene
hie beton mid f+astenum, & mid gebedum, & mid
+almesweorcum, & mid so+tre hreowe.
<R 193>
+t+at bi+d seo so+te hreow +t+at mon +ta geworhtan synna
andette & georne bete.
<R 195>
Wepan we nu, & cwe+tan & ge+tencan hu Drihten cw+a+d, Eadige
beo+t +ta +te nu wepa+d, for+ton +te hi beo+t eft afrefrede.
<R 197>
Hw+at we nu gehyra+t +t+at we magon mid +t+are so+dan hreowe
ece blisse geearnian.
<R 198>
& eft he cw+a+t, Wa eow +te nu hliha+t, for+ton ge eft wepa+d
on ecnesse, +t+at is +t+at unasecgenlice wr+ac
& +t+at ungeendode wite, +t+at +ton unl+adon +t+ar
geteohhod bi+t; him w+are betere +t+at he n+afre geboren
n+are.
<R 202>
For+ton we sceolan beon gemyndige Godes beboda, & ure sawle
+tearfe, +ta hwile +te we motan, & biddan
we georne urne Drihten +t+at he us generige from +ton ecan
cwealme, & us gel+ade on +tone gefean his
wuldres.
<R 205>
+t+ar is ece blis & +t+at ungeendode rice; nis +t+ar +anig
sar gemeted, ne adl, ne ece, ne n+anig unrotnes;
nis +t+ar ege, ne geflit, ne yrre, ne n+anig
wi+terweardnes.
<R 208>
ac +t+ar is gefea, & blis, & [{f+agernes{] , & se ham is
gefylled mid heofonlicum gastum, mid englum &
heahenglum, mid heahf+aderum & apostolum, & mid +ty
unarimedan weorode haligra martyra +ta ealle motan
wunian mid Drihtne in eallra worlda world.
<R 212>
Amen.

<Q O2/3 IR HOM BLICK6>
<N BL HOM 6>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B3.2.21^]
<P 65>
<R 1>
[} (\DOMINICA SEXTA IN QUADRAGESIMA.\) }]
Her s+ag+t, men +ta leofestan, be +tisse halgan tide
arwyr+tnesse, hu se mildheorta Drihten, & se Alysend
+tysses menniscan cynnes hine sylfne geea+tmedde +t+at of
heh+te +t+as f+aderlican +trymmes to eor+tan
astag, to +ton +t+at he wolde +trowian for ealra manna
h+ale, & us gefreolsian from deofles +teowdome, & us 
<P 67>
+ateowan his mihte & his willan; & hu, unforhte mode, he
geneal+ahte +t+are stowe +te he on +drowian
wolde [{for{] [{ure{] onlesnesse, & deofles geny+terunge.
<R 8>
On +tyssum d+age ure Drihten H+alend w+as weor+tod & hered
from Iudea folce; for+ton +te hie ongeaton +t+at
he w+as H+alend Crist, +turh +t+at wundorgeweorc +te he
Lazarum awehte of dea+te +ty feor+tan d+age, +t+as
+te he on byrgenne w+as.
<R 12>
+ta b+aron hie him togeanes blowende palmtwigu; for+ton +te
hit w+as Iudisc +teaw, +tonne heora ciningas
h+afdon sige geworht on heora feondum, & hie w+aron eft ham
hweorfende, +tonne eodan hie him togeanes
mid blowendum palmtwigum, heora siges to wyor+tmyndum.
<R 17>
Wel +t+at gedafenode +t+at Drihten swa dyde on +ta gelicnesse;
for+ton +te he w+as wuldres cyning.
<R 18>
+tysne d+ag hie nemdon siges d+ag; se nama tacna+t +tone sige
+te Drihten gesigef+asted wi+tstod deofle,
+ta he mid his dea+te +tone ecan dea+t oferswi+tde, swa he
sylf +turh +tone witgan s+agde; he cw+a+t, Eala
dea+t, ic beo +tin dea+t, & ic beo +tin bite on helle.
<R 22>
Mycelne bite Drihten dyde on helle +ta he +tyder astag, &
helle bereafode, & +ta halgan sauwla +tonon
al+adde, & hie generede of deofles anwalde, +ta he to
+teowdome +tyder on fruman middangeardes gesamnode w+aron.
<R 26>
He hie eft al+adde of helle grunde on +ta hean +trymmas
heofona rices.
<R 27>
Iohannes, se deora +tegn, us cy+tde on +t+am godspelle, &
+tus cw+a+t: H+alend cwom syx dagum +ar Iudea eastrum,
to Bethania +t+ar Lazarus w+as for+tfered, & he hine
awehte of dea+te.
<R 30>
Martha his sweostor +ta gearwode +tam H+alende +afengereordu;
& hire sweostor ges+at big H+alendes fotum,
+t+are nama w+as Maria; for+ton +te heo wolde gehyran his
word & his lare.
<R 33>
Martha w+as geornful +t+at heo +ton H+alende to gecwemnesse
+tegnode; heo gestod beforan him, & him tocw+a+t,
Hwy nelt +tu geman +t+at min sweostor me l+at ane
+tegnian?
<R 36>
cw+a+t to hire +t+at heo me fultumie.
H+alend hire +ta ondswarode, & cw+a+t, Martha, Martha, wes
+tu behydig & gemyndig Marian +tinga, +t+at is,
+t+at +tu scealt on +aghwylce tid Godes willan wercan,
+t+at an +te is selost +t+at +tu Gode licie.
<R 40>
Maria hire geceas +tone betstan d+al, se ne bi+d n+afre fram
hire afyrred.
<R 41>
Lazarus +t+ar w+as ana sittende mid H+alende, & mid
<P 69>
his +tegnum; Maria genam an pund deorwyr+tre smerenesse,
& smerede +t+as H+alendes fet, & eft mid hire loccum
drygde.
<R 43>
+ta w+as eall +t+at hus gefylled mid +ton swetan stence
+t+are deorwyr+dan smerenesse.
<R 45>
H+alendes +tegna sum +ta w+as swy+te gebolgen, se w+as haten
Iudas se Scariothisca; for+ton he com of +t+am
tune +te Scariot hatte; he cw+a+t, To hwon sceolde +teos
smyrenes +tus beon to lore gedon?
<R 48>
ea+te heo mehte beon geseald to +trim hunde penega, & +t+at
ged+aled [{+tearfendum{] mannum.
<R 50>
Ne cw+a+t he +t+at na for+ton +te him w+are +anig gemynd
+tearfendra manna, ah he w+as gitsere, & se wyresta
scea+ta; for+ton +ta apostolas hine letan heora seodas beran
+t+at hie woldan mid +ton his gitsunga cunnian.
<R 53>
He w+as eac se wyresta gitsere, +te he gesealde wi+t feo
heofones Hlaford & ealles middangeardes.
<R 55>
H+alend him +ta ondswarede, & cw+a+t, Tohwon syndon ge +tyses
weorces swa hefige; god weorc heo w+as wyrcende on me.
<R 57>
Symle ge habba+t +tearfan, gif [{ge{] willa+t teala don, ah
ge nabba+t me symle, ac l+ata+t +tis +tus wesan to
cy+tnesse minre bebyrgednesse.
<R 59>
So+t is +t+at ic eow secgge, +t+at +tis godspell sceal beon
s+agd & bodad geond ealne middangeard; for+don
+tis w+as gedon on min gemynd.
<R 61>
+t+at Iudisce folc +ta wiste +t+at H+alend com to Lazares
ham, foran +ta +tyder; n+as +teah na for his lufon,
ac for fyrwetgeornnesse +t+as wundres, & woldan geseon
Lazarus +tone +te he +ar of dea+te awehte.
<R 64>
+da w+as gefylled +t+at +ar gecweden w+as, +tis folc me
weor+ta+t mid wordum, & is +teah heora heorte feor
fram me.
<R 66>
+ta ealdormen +ta +tohtan, & +ta witan, +t+at hie woldan
Lazarus acwellan; for+ton +te manige men gelyfdon
on H+alend +ta he hine of dea+te awehte.
<R 69>
+ta com +tyder on morgen mycel menigo for +ton symbeld+age.
<R 70>
H+alend +ta +tonon ferde to Hierusalem, mid +ty +te hie +t+at
gesawon, hie naman blowende palmtwigu, & b+aron
him togeanes, & him to onluton, & hine weor+todan swa
cinige gerise+t.
<R 73>
+ta he +ta geneal+ahte Gerusalem, +ta becom he +ar to Betfage
+t+am tune neh Oliuetes dune.
<R 74>
H+alend +ta cw+a+t to his twam +tegnum, to Petre & Iohanne,
Ganga+t nu on +tas ceasterwic +te inc ongean
stande+t, +tonne gemete gyt +t+ar eoselan ges+alede & hire
folan; ons+ala+t hie & to me gel+ada+t; & gif inc
<P 71>
hwa +t+as wi+tcwe+te, secgga+t +t+at Drihten +t+as ah
+tearfe, ra+te hie mon +tonne forl+ate+t to me.
<R 79>
+tis w+as geworden, for+ton +t+at se witedom w+are gefylled
+te +ar gecweden w+as, Secgga+t Siones dohtrum
+t+at heora cining cyme+t, milde & mon+tw+are, & bi+t
sittende ofor eoselan folan +t+as nytenes.
<R 82>
His +tegnas +ta dydon swa he him bebead, l+addon him to +tone
eosol, & gedydon +t+at he +t+ar on gesittan
mihte.
<R 84>
Eal +t+at folc +t+at +t+ar beforan ferde, streowodan heora
hr+agl him togeanes, sume naman +ta twigu of
+t+am treowum, & streowodan on +tone weg.
<R 86>
Seo menigo +te +t+ar beforan ferde, & seo se +t+ar +after
fylgde, ealle hie cegdon, & cw+adon, H+alend, Dauides
Sunu, +tu eart gebletsad on Drihtnes naman, h+al us on
heanessum.
<R 89>
Mid +ty +te H+alend +ta eode on +ta ceastre, eal seo burh
w+as onstyred, & +ta ceasterware cegdon & cw+adon,
hw+at is +tes mihtiga +te her +tus m+arlice fere+t?
<R 92>
+t+at folc him ondswarode & cw+a+t, Hit is se Nadzarenisca
witga of Galileum, se sceal beon gehered ofor
ealle +teoda, & geweor+tod ge of cilda mu+te
meolcsucendra.
<R 94>
He +ta ineode on +t+at halige Salemannes templ, & +ta ut
awearp +ta sceomolas +tara cypemanna, & +ta setl
+tara mynetera, & cw+a+t, Min hus sceal beon gebedhus
geceged, & ge hit do+t scea+tum to scrafum.
<R 98>
Him +ta to eodan blinde & healte, & he hie ra+te geh+alde.
<R 99>
Eal +tis w+as geworden to+ton +t+at we sceoldan ures Drihtnes
wundor oncnawan, & mid mycelre lufan hine arwyr+tian.
<R 101>
Cw+a+t se godspellere, H+alend com syx dagum +ar eastrum to
Bethania; on +ton is getacnod +t+at he com on
+t+are syxtan ylde on +tysne middangeard mancyn to alysenne.
<R 103>
Ne forlet ure Drihten +tysne middangeard na leng buton
lareowum +tonne twa hund wintra, ac he sende
hehf+aderas & witgan +ta hine toweard s+adon.
<R 106>
swa he +tonne +ta syx dagas +ar his +trowunga synderlic weorc
+alce d+age cy+tde, +arest on +t+am S+ateres d+age
he awehte Ladzarum of dea+te, & on +t+am drihtenlican
Sunnand+age +te nu ondweard is, he w+as to cinge
ongyten & gehered, ge of cilda mu+te gecnawen & weor+tad.
<R 110>
& on +t+am +afteran d+age he awergde +t+at fictreow, on +t+am
he nanne w+astm ne funde; +t+at getacna+t +ta synfullan
+te nabba+t nanne w+astm godra weorca.
<R 113>
+ty +triddan d+age he cw+a+t to his +tegnum,
<P 73>
Nu on twam nihtum bi+t mannes sunu geseald on
synfulra hand.
<R 115>
+ty feor+tan d+age he w+as on Simones huse +t+as
lic+troweres, +t+arin geat +t+at wif +ta deorwyr+tan
smerenesse on his heafod.
<R 117>
+ty fiftan d+age he +twoh his +tegna fet, & s+at mid him +at
+t+am +afengereordum, & his lichoman him sealde
on hlafe, & his blod on wine.
<R 119>
& +te syxtan d+age Iudeas hine ahengan on rode, +t+ar he his
blod ageat for ure h+ale, & us alesde of
deofles +teowdome.
<R 121>
Cw+a+t se godspellere, Martha & Maria getacnia+t +tis
l+anelice lif & +tis gewitendlice; Martha onfeng Crist
on hire hus +t+at heo him +tegnode.
<R 123>
hw+at tacna+t heo buton +ta halgan cyricean, +t+at synd
geleaffulle menn +ta gearwia+t cl+ane wununga on
heora heortum Criste sylfum?
<R 125>
He cw+a+t, Ic eardige on him, & ic beo heora God on ecnesse.
<R 126>
Be +t+am se apostol cw+a+t, Se +almihtiga God sec+t +ta
cl+anan heortan him on to eardienne; +tonne ne m+ag
+t+at Godes templ beon besmiten, ac se Godes man sceal beon
fulfremed on rihtwisum weorcum.
<R 130>
cw+a+t se writere +t+at Maria gename an pund deorwyr+tre
smyrenesse, & smyrede mid +t+as H+alendes fet, &
mid hire loccum dregde; +ta w+as eal +t+at hus gefylled mid
+ton swetan stence.
<R 133>
+teos smerenes w+as geworht of ehtatene cynna wyrtum, +t+ar
w+aron +treo +ta betstan ele, & nardus, & spica,
seo is brunes heowes & godes stences, & +t+at n+afre ne
afula+t +t+at mid hire gesmered bi+t.
<R 136>
+tis w+as us gedon to lifes bysene, & gif we nu willa+t ure
saula smerian mid mildheortnesse ele, +tonne
magon we bringan Drihtne unforwealwodne w+astm godra
weorca.
<R 139>
Gemunon we symle +t+at we +ta god don +te us Godes bec
l+ara+t, +t+at is +tonne, f+asten and halige w+accan,
& +almessylena +after urum gemete; & mid manegum o+trum
gastlicum m+agenum we magon geearnian +t+at we
urum Drihtne bringa+t godra weorca swetne stenc.
<R 143>
Maria seo +te s+at be H+alendes fotum +t+at heo wolde geheran
his word & his lara, heo tacna+t +ta halgan
cyricean on +t+are toweardan worlde, seo bi+t gefreolsod
fram eallum gewinnum, & heo bi+t on +t+are sceawunga
anre +t+as heofonlican +tremmes, & heo reste+t on
onsyne ures Drihtnes, & hine here+t unablinnendlice.
<R 148>
+t+at cy+tde Iohannes se godspellere, +t+at he geherde engla
+treatas Gode lof singan, & +tus
<P 75>
cwe+tan, Wyr+te +tu eart, Drihten God, +t+at +tu onfo wuldor, 
& are, & m+agen, & bletsunga, & d+ada +tancunga, ealra
+tinra gesceafta +te +tu gesceope, on heofenum & on eor+tan,
+after +tinum willan.
<R 153>
Lazarus, +te Crist awehte +ty feor+tan d+age +t+as +te he on
byrgenne w+as ful wunigende, he getacna+t +tysne
middangeard, se w+as mid +ton gewunon +t+are heofogoston
gewemmednesse synna & mana full.
<R 156>
Efne swa seo hefige byr+ten site+t on +t+am deadan lichoman
+t+are byrgenne & +t+as dea+tes, & hie se stan
& seo eor+te +trycce, swa s+at +tonne seo unar+afnedlice
byr+ten synna on eallum +tysum menniscan cynne
ures Drihtnes H+alendes Cristes.
<R 160>
Nu we sceolan onherian Marian +t+are +te smerede H+alendes
fet, & mid hire loccum drygde; +t+at is +tonne,
+t+at we sceolan god weorc wyricean, & rihtlice libban,
+tonne fylge we Drihtnes sw+a+te, +t+at is gif
we o+tre men teala l+ara+t, & hie be urum larum rihtlice for
Gode libba+t, +tonne bringe we Drihtne
swetne stenc on urum d+adum & larum.
<R 165>
Swa Paulus se apostol cw+a+t, Drihtnes fet we magon smerian,
gif we willa+t o+trum geleaffullum teala
don, & helpan +t+as earman se +te bet m+age, & beon symle
efen+trowgende o+tres earfo+tum, swylce eac on
o+tres gode beon swi+te gefeonde.
<R 169>
Cw+a+t se godspellere +t+at Iudas w+are swy+te gebolgen for
+t+are smerenesse; he cw+a+t +t+at nyttre w+are +t+at
hie man gesealde to +trim hunde penega, & +ta +tonne
ged+alde +tearfendum mannum.
<R 172>
Iudas h+afde onlicnesse +tara manna +te willa+t Godes
cyricean yfelian & strudan, & hw+a+tere se +te w+as
lareow, & so+tf+astnesse bysen, & cining ealre cl+annesse,
forlet mid him beon +tone godwracan +teof.
<R 175>
Ac mid +t+are bysene, he gecy+tde +t+at so+tf+aste men
habba+t mid him +teofas & synfulle men; & hw+a+tere hie
sceolan heora yfel ge+tylde arefnan on him selfum.
<R 178>
Crist us onstealde ge+tyldelice bysene; ne cw+a+t he na to
Iudan, +tis +tu cwist for +tinre gitsunge & for
+tinre stale; ac he cw+a+t, L+at +tis +tus wesan, god
weorc heo w+as wyrcende in me.
<R 181>
Mid +tyssum wordum he gecy+tde +t+at he wolde beon swyltende;
he cw+a+t, Symle ge habba+d +tearfan, ac ge
me symle nabba+t.
<R 183>
Ne bi+t seo halige cirice n+afre buton +tearfan.
<R 184>
+ta ane men habba+t Crist on heora heortan, +te geteode beo+t
to +ton ecean life.
<R 185>
Crist sylfa cw+a+t, Symle ge me habba+t mid
<P 77>
geleaffullum mannum ondweardne, +turh +tone m+agen+trym minre
[{godcundnesse{] ; hw+a+tere seo beholene ondweardnes ne
gewat from us.
<R 188>
Manige men hine habba+t +turh +t+at halige fulwiht, & +turh
rihtne geleafan Cristes ons+agdnesse, +te we
+at +t+am weofode nima+t; ac +ta men +ta +te on woh lifia+t,
nabba+t hie na Crist on heora heortan, ac hie
gearwia+t deoflum eardunga, & him selfum ece wite.
<R 192>
Cw+a+t se godspellere, +ta ealdormen +tara sacerda +tohtan
+t+at hie woldan Lazarum ofslean, & +ta unl+adan
noldan ge+tencean +t+at Drihten hine mihte eft aweccean,
swa he hine +ar of sawle dea+te awehte +turh
+tone m+agen+trym.
<R 196>
Matheus se godspellere s+agde, +ta H+alend wolde geneal+acean
Gerusalem, +ta com he +ar to Betfage.
<R 197>
Wel +t+at gedafenode +ta he of heofenum to eor+tan cwom,
+t+at he wolde +trowian for +tis mennisce cynn,
& +t+are tide neal+ahte ure alesnesse.
<R 199>
Betfage, se tun, getacna+t +ta halgan cyricean on +t+are
bi+t sungen +t+at halige geryne, & men +t+ar heora
synna andetta+t, & him +t+ar forgifnesse bidda+t.
<R 202>
We gehyrdan +ar +t+atte H+alend sende his twegen +tegnas; +ta
tacnia+t halige lareowas, +t+at hie sceolan
+turhwunian on rihtum geleafan & on fulfremedlicum weorcum,
& hie sceolan l+aran Godes lufan & manna,
buton +t+am twam ne m+ag nan man becuman to +t+am ecean
life.
<R 206>
He cw+a+t: Ga+t on +ta wic +te beforan inc stonde+d.
<R 207>
Hw+at Drihten +ta cynelican burh forhogodlice naman nemde;
for+ton oft wic beo+t on manegum stowum medmyccle
gesette; seo ceaster +tonne w+as heh & aldorlic; ah
for+ton Crist +ta mycclan burh & +ta halgan
Gerusalem swa forhogdlice nemde, for+ton +te +ta burhware
him w+aron for heora ungeleafan & mand+adum
swi+te forhogde & ungecorene.
<R 213>
& eac he wiste +t+at wite +t+at him toweard w+as, & +t+at
+t+at seo burh sceolde abrocen weor+tan & bereafod,
swa he his apostolum s+agde, +ta [{hie{] emb +tone +trym
& emb +ta f+agernesse +t+as temples & +d+are burge
to Criste spr+acan, & cw+adan +t+at hit w+are +trymlic
geweorc & f+ager.
<R 218>
Drihten him +ta ondswerede & cw+a+t, Hw+at ge nu geseo+t
ealle +ta f+agernessa +tissa getimbra, so+t is +t+at
ic eow seccge; +t+at +t+at geo weor+te+d for +tyses folces
synnum & mand+adum, +t+at ealle +tas getimbro
beo+t toworpene, & her ne bi+d forl+aten
<P 79>
stan ofor stan, +t+at +alc ne sy fram o+trum adon.
<R 222>
Swa swa hit seo+t+tan gelamp xl wintra +after +ton +de
hie Crist on rode ahengon, & for manna h+alo lichoman
dea+t he +trowode.
<R 224>
A he onbad, +turh +ta mycclan ge+tyld, +t+at feowertig
wintra hwe+ter hie gecyrran woldan, o+t+te +anige
hreowe & d+adbote don +t+as mycclan yfeles & manes, +te hie
wi+d heora Drihten gedydon, & eac wi+t manige his haligra.
<R 228>
+ta he +ta geseah +t+at hie n+anige bote ne hreowe don
noldan, ah hie for +ton heora yfelum +turhwunedon,
Drihten +ta sende on hie maran wr+ace +tonne +afre +ar
+anigu o+tru gelumpe, buton Sodomwarum anum.
<R 231>
+t+at w+as +tonne +ta Titus com mid Romana herige, & him
wr+ac +t+at hie heora cyning on rode ahengon.
<R 233>
+ta leode +ta flugon +ta hie +tone here toweardne wiston on
+ta burh Gerusalem.
<R 234>
Titus +ta se casere embs+at +ta burh utan mid herige, &
+t+ar lange gewicode, o+t+t+at hie hungre swultan
+te on +t+are byrig w+aron; and hie for +t+am hungre +ta
burh werian [{ne{] mihton, ac se casere hie +ta abr+ac,
& +t+as folces +t+ane m+astan d+al ofslog.
<R 238>
W+as +tara manna eallra +te +t+ar ofslegene w+aron & hungre
swultan, mid wifmannum & w+apnedmannum, endleofan
si+tum hund [{teontig{] +tusenda; & +ta hi gyt genaman
+t+as folces +te +t+ar to lafe w+as, & him selost
licodan, hund teontig +tusenda, and mid him l+addon on
h+aftned; & ehtatyne sy+tum hund teontig +tusenda
hi tosendon, & wi+d feo sealdon wide into leodscipas.
<R 244>
Ealles +t+as folces w+as, +te se casere Titus innon
Ierusalem beferde, +trittigun sy+tum hund teontig
+tusenda, & +t+at eal for Godes wr+ace fordyde, & +t+at land
gesetton swa hie sylfe woldon.
<R 248>
W+as +t+at wite swa strang, swa Godes ge+teld +ar mycel w+as.
<R 249>
Drihten cw+a+t to his +tegnum, Gyt gemeta+t eoselan gebundene
& hire folan, l+ada+d hine to me.
<R 250>
Hw+at tacna+t se eosel +te Drihten Crist on sittan wolde,
buton +t+at geleaffulle folc Iudea, and eac
o+tor manig +ta +te beo+d Gode under+teodde on godum willan,
& +t+as wyr+te beo+t +t+at hie heofon cining on
heora heortum beran?
<R 254>
He hie gerece+t to eallum godum, and he hie gel+ade+t on
sibbe gesyh+te; for+ton +t+are burge nama +te
<P 81>
is nemned Gerusalem is gereht sibbe gesyh+t, for+ton +te
halige saula +t+ar resta+t.
<R 257>
He cw+a+t +t+at his +tegnas dydon swa he him bebead.
<R 258>
Cu+tlice +t+at tacna+t +t+at +tas lareowas ne sceolan Godes
domas naw+ter ne na wanian ne ne ecan, buton swa
hie God sylf gesette.
<R 260>
+ta lareowas sceolan heora agenne lichoman swencean on
forh+afdnesse, & godes lifes bysene onstellan
+t+am +te him +after fylgeon, & Drihtnes weg gegearwian to
heora modum.
<R 263>
Hw+at tacna+t seo menigo +te +t+ar beforan ferde, buton +t+at
Iudisce folc on +t+am w+as se halga heap hehf+adera
& witgena, +ta +te Cristes tocyme wiston & fores+agdon,
& +ta wundro +te he worhte, & his +trowunga,
& his +ariste, & his upastignesse.
<R 267>
Ealle hie cleopodan & cw+adon anre stefne: H+alend, Dauides
sunu, +tu eart gebletsod, +tu +te come on Drihtnes
naman, h+al us on +t+am hehstan.
<R 269>
+t+at +afterfylgende weorod tacna+t ealle +ta+te seo+t+tan
+after Cristes cyme w+aron to gode gecyrrede.
<R 270>
Nu +tonne sceolan cleopian ealle geleaffulle mid cl+anre
heortan & mid hlutrum gebedum, & mid lare
haligra gewreota, +ta +te hine lufian & ongelyfan.
<R 273>
Hie cw+adon, h+al us on +ton hehstan, efne swa swa hie
openlice cw+adon, H+ale us on eor+tan, +tu +te godcund
m+agen hafast on heofenum.
<R 275>
Eac us is to ongytene +t+at hie cw+adon, H+al us on eor+tan
we +te synt on lichomum lifgende, & eac +ta
+te on helle synt bidda+t +tinre onlesnesse & +tinre h+alo, &
swa dydon fram fruman middangeardes.
<R 279>
Wel +t+at gedafenode +t+at +t+at +arre folc cw+ade & eac
+t+at +afterre, Gebletsad +tu eart, +tu +te come on Drihtnes
noman; for+ton hit w+as an geleafa & an hiht on +ta
halgan +trynesse +ar Cristes tocyme.
<R 282>
& +after +ton we singa+t rihtlice on his lof, H+al us on
+t+am hehstan.
<R 283>
Eal seo stihtung w+as gefremed on +t+are so+tan onfl+ascnesse
for gefyllnesse +t+as heofonlican e+tles.
<R 285>
+ta halgan +ar Cristes cyme on hine gelyfdon, & hine lufodan,
& hine toweardne s+agdon, & mid his +trowunga
hie wurdan alesde of helle wite, & mid his +ariste
geh+alde.
<R 288>
We +tonne synt +te +t+ar +after fylgea+t; & we witon eall +tis
+tus geworden, for+don we sceolan on hine gelyfan,
& hine lufian, & we eac witon +t+at he is toweard to
demenne, & +tas world to geendenne.
<R 291>
Nu we habba+t myccle ned+tearfe +t+at he
<P 83>
us gearwe finde.
<R 292>
We witon ful geare +t+at we sceolan on +tisse sceortan tide
geearnian ece r+aste, +tonne motan we in +t+are
engellican blisse gefeon mid urum Drihtne, +t+ar he
leofa+d & rixa+d abuton ende, on ecnesse, Amen.

<Q O2/3 IR HOM BLICK12>
<N BL HOM 12>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B3.2.47^]
<P 131>
[} (\IN DIE PENTECOSTE.\) }]
<R 1>
Men +ta leofestan, weor+todan we & bremdon nu unfyrn, for
ten nihtum, +tone myclan & +tone m+aron symbeld+ag
Drihtnes upstiges foran to +tyssum ondweardan d+age.
<R 3>
weor+tian we nu tod+ag +tone tocyme +t+as Halgan Gastes, se
w+as of heofenum onsended, & +t+am apostolum
to frofre gehaten for +t+are miclan langunga Drihtnes
framfundunga, & to wedde +t+as heofonlican e+tles,
swa we on Godes bocum leornodan, +t+at Drihten sylfa to
his gingrum cw+ade, +ar+ton +te he on heofenas
astige, +tonon he n+afre won w+as +turh his godcundnesse
miht.
<R 10>
Ac se hea+trym +t+as Godes hades +t+am englicum weorodum
simle ondweard w+as, +teah +te he +trage mid us wunode,
swa he Drihten gehet his leornerum, & +tus cw+a+t: he
cw+a+t, Ne forl+ate ic eow aldorlease, ac eow
sende frofre Gast.
<R 14>
Swa swa +t+at gelimplic w+as +t+at he his leornerum frofre
sende, se +te ealra so+tf+astra Frefrend w+as,
swa we magon ongeotan be us sylfum, +tonne hwylcum men
gelimpe+t +t+at his ful leof f+ader gef+ar+t, ne
m+ag +t+at na beon +t+at +ta bearn +te unbli+tran ne syn, &
langunga nabban +after +t+am freondum.
<R 18>
Swa gemunde & wiste ure se heofonlica F+ader his +ta leofan &
+ta gestreonfullan bearn afysed & on
myclum ymbhygdum w+aron +after him.
<R 20>
+ta wolde he se H+alend hie afrefran.
<R 21>
Se Halga
Gast hie +aghwylc god l+arde, & him +aghwylc yfel
bewerede, swa he Drihten ondweardlice spr+ac
to his gingrum, +ta he on lichoman w+as, & +tus cw+a+t,
To eow cyme+t Halig frofre Gast, +tone eow sende+d
F+ader on minum naman, se eow ealle +ta +ting l+are+t
to donne, +te ic eow fores+agde +t+at ge don sceoldon
+after minum upstige.
<R 26>
Se Halga  
<P 133>
Gast dihtode ealle +ta +ting +te halige men writon,
o+t+te on ealdum o+t+te on neowum +teodscipe.
<R 28>
So+tlice +tes d+ag is geweor+tod mid manegum godcundum
geofum, n+as +tara gifena l+as +tonne Drihtnes +arist,
& eac +tonne seo gifu +t+as Halgan Gastes, +te to
+tyssum d+age sended w+as ofor his apostolas.
<R 31>
Swylce +tes d+ag h+af+t +alcere wucan frym+te & ende.
<R 32>
For+ton us is swi+te mycel ned+tearf, bro+tor mine, +t+at we
swi+te geornfullice & ea+tmodlice us ge+tydon
on +tysne andweardan d+ag to urum reliquium & to urum
halgum gebedum; for+ton +te we witon +t+at se d+ag
w+as fruma +tyses l+anan leohtes, & he bi+t fruma +t+as
ecan +afterfylgendan.
<R 37>
Lucas se godspellere cw+a+t on +t+am bocum +te nemned is
(\Actus Apostolorum\) be +tyses d+ages weor+tunga, he
cw+a+t, Mid +ton d+age w+as gefylled se d+ag +te is nemned
Pentecosten ymb fiftig nihta +after +t+are gecy+tdan
+ariste, +ta w+aron ealle +ta apostolas wunigende on
anre stowe.
<R 41>
+ta w+as geworden to him sweg, se w+as of heofenum sended on
windes onlicnesse, +t+at w+as sweg +t+as Halgan
Gastes to him cumende.
<R 43>
& hie w+aron ealle gefylled +turh +ta gife +t+as Halgan
Gastes, +t+ar hie +atg+adere w+aron on heora gebedstowe.
<R 45>
Hie onfengon +t+am Halgan Gaste to heora heortan on fyrenra
lega onlicnesse, swa hit gecweden w+as +t+at
+t+at hus w+are Haliges Gastes gefylled.
<R 47>
Se sweg gefylde +t+at hus, se Halga Gast gefylde +ta halgan
apostolas, & +turh +tone Halgan Gast hie inneweardum
heortum ecelice burnon +t+are Godes lufan, swa
+t+at gelimplic w+as +t+at +ta +atg+adere w+aron on
ecre stowe, +ta +te on heora heortan & on willan on God
gecyrred w+aron.
<R 52>
Swylce is gecweden +t+at hie ealle on yppan wunedon, +tonen
bidende +t+as Halgan Gastes, se on underntid
& on windes onlicnesse ofer hie [{astag{] .
<R 54>
Be +t+am bryne witgode Dauid, & +tus cw+a+t to him:
For+tl+ate+t wind of his goldhordum, se is waldend windes
& goldes.
<R 56>
Se sweg w+as +t+as Halgan Gastes be winde meten, & +turh
witgan witgod; for+ton +ta halgan apostolas w+aron
gefylde +turh godspelles lare, +ta w+as heora lar sawen &
strogden betuh feower sceatum middangeardes,
swa on +t+are ilcan lare nemned is.
<R 60>
He cw+a+t, Geond ealle eor+tan g+a+t heora sweg, +at +ta
ytmestan gem+aro heora lar & heora word.
<R 62>
We leornedon, & on +t+am godspelle cwi+d, +t+at se Drihtnes
Gast
<P 135>
ofer hiene astige on culfran onlicnesse.
<R 63>
for+ton +te he w+as ealra fyrena leas, +te fyr cl+ansian
sceolde, +tonne w+as se Halga Gast ahafen ofer
+ta godes leorneras on anlicnesse fyrenra legea.
<R 65>
& +turh +t+at hie w+aron fram eallum synnum alesde, & to
+t+am ecean life gel+adde, ge eac +t+at hie mihton
+turh +ta gife o+terra manna synna adilegian, & getrymman
+turh +ta gife +t+as Halgan Gastes byr+tenne
+te ea+telicor & +te wynsumlicor +ta myclan byr+tenne & +ta
hefian aberan mihton +t+are mycclan langunga
heora +t+as leofan Hlafordes.
<R 71>
& swylce he eac wolde +t+at hie mihton +turh +ta gife +t+as
Halgan Gastes +te e+telicor & +te f+astlicor +t+am
wergan gaste wi+tstondan & ofercuman, & oferswi+tan +ta men
+te hie ongeaton +t+at wi+derwearde w+aron Godes
beboda & +t+as gastlican rihtes.
<R 75>
swa he seolfa to his gingrum cw+a+t: he cw+a+t, Swa me lufode
min f+ader, swa ic eow lufige.
<R 76>
Se H+alend wiste +t+at his gingran woldan unrote beon for his
framfundunga, for+ton +te he w+as se leofa
Lareow, & eac ealles middangeardes Scyppend, & hie eac
gesawon +t+at +ta halgan heofenware him hyrsumedon.
<R 80>
For+ton w+aron swa manigfealdlice sorga Cristes +tegnum on
heora heortum, for+ton +te hie hine lichomlice
gesawon, & him +after eor+tlicre wisan ea+tmodlice
hyrdon.
<R 82>
+ta w+as him micel langung & sorh on heora heortan +ta hie
+t+at ongeaton +t+at he leng mid him lichomlice wunian nolde.
<R 84>
he hie +ta +t+am gastlicum wordum frefrede for +t+are
gelomlican sorge, +te hie swa mycle gefylnesse h+afdon,
& he +tus cw+a+t, Ne +turfe ge beon unrote, ne
gedrefed eower heorte; ac ic eow freo+tige to F+ader
+t+at he eow gehealde +turh +t+at heofenlice anwald.
<R 88>
Hr+adlice him +ta w+as +t+at heofenlice gehat, & +t+are
gastlican strenge to+ton mycel hyht +t+at hie ealle
+ta eor+tlican sorga forleton, & +ta ingehyd heora heortan
ful f+astlice on +tone heofonlican hyht gesta+telodon.
<R 92>
& him ne w+as n+anig earfo+te +t+at lichomlice gedal on
+t+are neowan wyrde.
<R 93>
+after +teossum wordum se H+alend cw+a+t to his leornerum, Ic
eow sende frofre Gast.
<R 95>
+t+as wordes andgit is swa mon cwe+te +tingere, o+t+te
frefrend.
<R 96>
+after +tissum wordum hi +da onfengon +d+are m+astan strenge
+t+as heofonlican fultomes +turh +ta onfengnesse
+t+as Halgan Gastes.
<R 98>
hie w+aron to+don frome & to+ton strange, +t+at hie
<P 137>
mihtan +aghw+at gefremman mid Godes fultome +d+as +te hie 
woldan.
<R 100>
eac +tonne heora wegas onlihton +turh heora lare & +turh gife
+d+as Halgan Gastes.
<R 101>
Sona swa +deos geofu +turh Drihtnes miht on heora heortan
alegd wes, hie w+aron to+don frome & to+don
anrode, +t+at hie forhogodan ege ealra eor+dlicra cyninga;
to+don hie +dam Halgan Gaste onfengon on heora
sefan & +tone eor+dlican egsan forsawon, & he him forgeaf
eces lifes hyht.
<R 106>
Bro+dor mine, nu we gehyrdon secgan +ta weor+dunga +tyses
ondweardan d+ages, & eac +ta gife +te +dam halgan
apostolum seald w+as on +dysne ondweardan d+ag.
<R 108>
Nis hit +t+at an +t+at him anum +t+am apostolum w+are geofu
seald, ac eac +tonne eallum manna cynne forgifnes
w+as seald ealra synna, & eac se freodom +t+as
unar+afnedlican +teowdomes, +t+at is +d+as deofollican
onwaldes eallum welwyrcendum.
<R 112>
eac us is alefed edhwyrft to +t+am ecean life, & heofena rice
to gesittenne mid eallum halgum & mid
Drihtne sylfum, +t+am Drihtne sy lof & wuldor on worlda
world, a buton ende, on ecnesse.
<R 115>
AMEN.

<Q O2/3 IR HOM BLICK10>
<N BL HOM 10>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B3.4.20^]
<P 107>
[} (\ASSUMPTIO S. MARI+A VIRGINIS.\) }]
<R 1>
Men +da leofostan, hw+at nu anra manna gehwylcne ic myngie &
l+are, ge weras ge wif, ge geonge ge ealde,
ge snottre ge unwise, ge +ta welegan ge +ta +tearfan,
+t+at anra gehwylc hine sylfne sceawige & ongyte,
& swa hw+at swa he on mycclum gyltum o+t+te on
medmycclum gefremede, +t+at he +tonne hr+adlice gecyrre
to +tam selran & to +ton so+tan l+acedome.
<R 6>
+tonne magon we us God +almihtigne mildne habban; for+ton +te
Drihten wile +t+at ealle men syn hale & gesunde,
& to +ton so+tan andgite gecyrran.
<R 9>
swa Dauid cw+a+t, +ta ea+dmodan heortan & +ta forhtgendan &
+ta bifigendan & +ta cwacigendan & +ta ondr+adendan
heora Scyppend, ne forhoga+t +ta n+afre God ne ne
forsyh+t; ah heora bena he gehyre+d, +tonne hie
to him cleopia+d & him are bidda+t.
<R 13>
Magon we +tonne nu geseon & oncnawan & swi+te gearelice
ongeotan +t+at +tisses middangeardes ende swi+te
neah is, & manige frecnessa +ateowde & manna wohd+ada &
wonessa swi+te gemonigfealdode.
<R 16>
& we fram d+age to o+trum geaxia+d ungecyndelico witu &
ungecynelice dea+tas geond +teodland to mannum
cumene, & we oft ongyta+t +t+at arise+t +teod wi+t +teode, &
ungelimplico gefeoht on wolicum d+adum.
<R 19>
& we gehyra+t oft secggan gelome worldricra manna dea+t +te
heora lif mannum leof w+are, & +tuhte f+ager
& wlitig heora lif & wynsumlic.
<R 21>
swa we eac geaxia+d mislice adla on manegum stowum
<P 109>
middangeardes, & hungras wexende.
<R 23>
& manig yfel we geaxia+t her on life gelomlician & w+astmian,
& n+anig god awunigende & ealle worldlicu
+ting swi+te synlicu; & cola+t to swi+te seo lufu +te we
to urum H+alende habban sceoldan, & +ta godan
weorc we anforl+ata+t +te we for ure saule h+ale began
sceoldan.
<R 27>
+tas tacno +tyslico syndon +te ic nu hwile big s+agde be
+tisse worlde earfo+tnessum & fr+acnessum, swa
Crist sylfa his geongrum s+agde, +t+at +tas +ting ealle
geweor+tan sceoldan +ar +tisse worlde ende.
<R 31>
Uton we nu efstan ealle m+agene godra weorca, & geornfulle
beon Godes miltsa; nu we ongeotan magon
+t+at +tis neal+ac+t worlde forwyrde; for+ton ic myngige &
manige manna gehwylcne +t+at he his agene d+ada
georne smeage, +t+at he her on worlde for Gode rihtlice
lifge, & on gesyh+te +t+as hehstan Cyninges.
<R 36>
Syn we rummode +tearfendum mannum, & earmum +almesgeorne, swa
us God sylfa bebead +t+at we so+te sibbe
heoldan, & ge+tw+arnesse us betweonon habban.
<R 38>
& +ta men +te bearn habban l+aran hie +tam rihtne +teodscipe,
& him t+acean lifes weg & rihtne gang to
heofonum.
<R 40>
& gif hie on +anigum d+ale wolice libban heora lif, syn hie
+tonne sona from heora wonessum onwende,
& fram heora unrihtum oncyrron.
<R 42>
+t+at we +turh +t+at ealle Gode lician, swa hit eallum
geleaffullum folcum beboden stande+t, n+as na +tam
anum +te Gode sylfum under+teodde syndon mid myclum hadum,
biscopas, & cyningas, and m+assepreostas,
& heahdiaconas, ac eac so+tlice hit is beboden subdiaconum
& munecum.
<R 47>
& is eallum mannum ned+tearf & nytlic +t+at hie heora fulwiht
hadas wel gehealdan.
<R 48>
Ne beo n+anig man her on worldrice on his ge+tohte to modig,
ne on his lichoman to strang, ne ni+ta
to georn, ne bealwes to beald, ne bregda to full, ne inwit
to leof, ne wrohtas to webgenne, ne searo to renigenne.
<R 52>
Ne +tearf +t+as nan man wenan +t+at his lichama mote o+t+te
m+age +ta synbyr+tenna on eor+tscrafe gebetan.
<R 54>
ah he +t+ar on moldan gemolsna+t & +t+ar wyrde bide+t, hwonne
se +almihtiga God wille +tisse worlde ende
gewyricean, & +tonne he his byrnsweord getyh+t & +tas world
ealle +turhslyh+t, & +ta lichoman +turh sceote+d,
& +tysne middangeard tocleofe+d, & +ta deadan
upastanda+t, bi+t +tonne se fl+aschoma ascyred swa gl+as,
<P 111>
ne m+ag +d+as unrihtes beon awiht bedigled.
<R 59>
For+don we habba+t ned+tearfe +t+at we to lange ne fylgeon
unwitweorcum, ac we sceolan us geearnian +ta
siblecan w+ara Godes & manna, & +tone rihtan geleafan
f+aste sta+delian on urum heortum +t+at he +d+ar
wunian m+age & mote, & +t+ar growan & blowan.
<R 63>
& we sceolan andettan +ta so+tan geleaffulnesse on urne
Drihten H+alende Crist, & on his +done acendan
Suna & on +done Halgan Gast, se is efnece F+ader & Sunu.
<R 66>
& we sceolan gehyhtan on Godes +ta gehalgodan cyricean & on
+da rihtgelefedan, & we sceolan gelyfan
synna forl+atnessa & lichoman +aristes on domos d+ag.
<R 68>
& we sceolan gelefan on +t+at ece lif & on +t+at heofonlice
rice +t+at is gehaten eallum +te nu syndan
godes wyrhtan.
<R 70>
+tis is se rihta geleafa +te +aghwylcum men gebyre+d +t+at he
wel gehealde & gel+aste; for+don +te nan wyrhta
ne m+ag god weorc wyrcean for Gode buton lufon &
geleafan.
<R 73>
& us is mycel ned+tearf +t+at we us sylfe ge+dencean &
gemunan & +tonne geornost, +tonne we gehyron Godes
bec us beforan reccean & r+adan, & godspell secggean, &
his wuldor+trymmas mannum cy+tan.
<R 76>
Vton we +tonne georne teolian +t+at we +after +ton +de
beteran syn & +te selran for +d+are lare +de we oft
gehyrdon.
<R 78>
Eala men +da leofostan, hw+at we sceolan ge+dencean +t+at we
ne lufian to swy+te +t+at +t+at we forl+aton sceolan,
ne +t+at huru ne forl+atan to swi+te +t+at we ecelice
habban sceolan.
<R 80>
Geseo we nu forgeorne +t+at n+anig man on worlde to+d+as
mycelne welan nafa+d, ne to+don modelico gestreon
her on worlde +t+at se on medmycclum fyrste to ende ne
cume, & +t+at eall forl+ate+d +t+at him +ar her
on worlde wynsumlic w+as, & leofost to agenne & to h+abbene.
<R 85>
& se man n+afre to+don leof ne bi+d his nehmagum & his
worldfreondum, ne heora nan hine to +t+as swi+te
ne lufa+d +t+at he sona sy+t+tan ne sy onscungend, seo+t+tan
se lichoma & se gast ged+alde beo+t, & +tinc+d
his neawist la+tlico & unf+ager.
<R 88>
Nis +t+at nan wundor; hw+at bi+t hit la elles buton fl+asc
seo+d+dan se ecea d+al ofbi+t, +t+at is seo sawl?
<R 90>
hw+at bi+t la elles seo laf buton wyrma mete?
<R 91>
Hw+ar beo+t +tonne his welan & his wista?
<R 92>
hw+ar beo+d +tonne his wlencea & his anmedlan?
hw+ar beo+t +tonne his idlan gescyrplan?
<R 93>
hw+ar beo+t +donne +ta glengeas & +ta mycclan gegyrelan +te
he +tone lichoman +ar mid fr+atwode?
<P 113>
<R 95>
hw+ar cuma+t +tonne his willan & his fyrenlustas +de he her
on worlde beeode?
<R 96>
Hw+at he +tonne sceal mid his saule anre Gode +almihtigum
riht agyldan, ealles +t+as +te he her on worlde
to wommum gefremede.
<R 98>
Magon we nu geheran [{secggean{] be [{sumum{] [{welegum{]
[{men{] & worldricum; ahte he on +tysse worlde mycelne
welan & swi+de modelico gestreon & manigfealde, & on
wynsumnesse lifde.
<R 101>
+ta gelamp him +t+at his lif wear+d geendod, & f+arlic ende
onbecom +tisses l+anan lif+as.
<R 103>
+ta w+as his nehmaga sum & his worldfreonda +t+at hine swy+tor
lufode +tonne +anig [{o+tor{] man, he +ta for +t+are
langunga & for +t+are geomrunga +t+as o+tres dea+tes
leng on +tam lande gewunian ne mihte.
<R 106>
ac he unrotmod of his cy+t+te gewat & of his earde, & on
+t+am lande feala wintra wunode, & him n+afre
seo langung ne geteorode, ac hine swi+te gehyrde & +treade.
<R 108>
+ta ongan hine eft langian on his cy+t+te, for+ton +t+at he
wolde geseon eft & sceawian +ta byrgenne, hwylc
se w+are +te he oft +ar mid wlite & mid w+astmum
f+agerne [{m{] geseah.
<R 111>
him +ta tocleopodan +t+as deadan ban, & +tus cw+adon, Forhwon
come +tu hider us to sceawigenne?
<R 113>
Nu +tu miht her geseon moldan d+al & wyrmes lafe, +t+ar +tu
+ar gesawe godweb mid golde gefagod.
<R 114>
Sceawa +t+ar nu dust & dryge ban, +t+ar +t+ar +tu +ar gesawe
+after fl+asclicre gecynde f+agre leomu on to
seonne.
<R 116>
Eala +tu freond & min m+ag, gemyne +tis & ongyt +te sylfne,
+t+at +tu eart nu +t+at ic w+as io; & +tu byst +after
f+ace +t+at ic nu eom.
<R 118>
gemyne +tis & oncnaw +t+at mine welan +te ic io h+afde syndon
ealle gewitene & gedrorene, & mine herewic
syndon gebrosnode & gemolsnode.
<R 120>
Ac onwend +te to +te sylfum & +tine heortan to r+ade gecyr &
geearna +t+at +tine bena syn Gode +almihtigum andfenge.
<R 122>
He +ta swa geomor, & swa gnorngende, gewat from +t+are
dustsceawunga & hine +ta onwende from ealre +tisse
worlde begangum, & he ongan godes lof leornian & +t+at
l+aran, & +t+at gastlice m+agen lufian; & +turh
+t+at geearnode him +ta gife Haliges Gastes, & eac +t+as
o+tres saule of witum generede, & of tintregum alesde.
<R 127>
Magon we +tonne, men +ta leofestan, us +tis to gemyndum
habban, & +tas
<P 115>
bysene on urum heortum sta+telian,
+t+at we ne sceolan lufian worlde glengas to swi+te ne
+tysne middangeard; for+ton +te +teos world
is eall forwordenlic & gedrofenlic & gebrosnodlic &
feallendlic, & +teos world is eall gewiten.
<R 132>
Uton we +tonne geornlice ge+tencean & oncnawan be +tyses
middangeardes fruman, +ta he +arest gesceapen
w+as, +ta w+as he ealre f+agernesse full, & he w+as
blowende on him sylfum on swy+te manigfealdre wynsumnesse,
& on +ta tid w+as mannum leof ofor eor+tan, &
halwende & heal smyltnes w+as ofor eor+tan, & sibba
genihtsumnes, & tuddres +a+telnes.
<R 138>
& +tes middangeard w+as on +ta tid to+ton f+ager & to+ton
[{wynsumlic{] , +t+at he teah men to him +turh his wlite
& +turh his f+agernesse & wynsumnesse fram +ton
+almihtegan Gode; & +ta he +tus f+ager w+as & +tus wynsum,
+ta wisnode he on Cristes haligra heortum, & is nu on
urum heortum blowende swa hit gedafen is.
<R 143>
Nu is +aghwonon hream & wop, nu is heaf +aghwonon, & sibbe
tolesnes, nu is +aghwonon yfel & slege,
& +aghwonon +tes middangeard flyh+t from us mid mycelre
biternesse, & we him fleondum fylgea+t & hine
feallendne lufia+t.
<R 147>
Hw+at we on +tam gecnawan magon +t+at +teos world is scyndende
& heononweard.
<R 148>
Uton we +tonne +t+as ge+tencean, +ta hwile +te we magon
[{and{] moton, +t+at we us georne to gode +tydon.
<R 149>
Uton urum Drihtne hyran georne, & him +tancas secggan ealra
his geofena, & ealra his miltsa, & ealra
his ea+dmodnessa & fremsumnessa +te he wi+t us +afre
gecy+tde, +t+am heofonlican Cininge +te leofa+d &
rixa+t on worlda world aa buton ende on ecnesse, AMEN.



<Q O2/3 IR HOM BLICK17>
<N BL HOM 17>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B3.3.25^]
<P 197>
<R 1>
[}TO SANCTAE MICHAHELES M+ASSAN.}]
MEN +da leofestan, mana+t us & mynga+t seo ar & seo eadignes
+t+as hean & +t+as halgan heahengles tid, +t+at
we hw+at hwugu be +t+are his eadgan gemynde se +te is on
ealra ymbhwyrfte to weor+tienne & to wuldrienne
his ciricean, gehwe+ter ge his agen geweorc ge on his
naman gehalgod.
<R 5>
& +tus +arest mannum +ateawde & gecy+tde.
<R 6>
Heo +tonne nalles on goldes wlite & on seolfres ne scine+t,
ac on sundorweor+tunge +turh godcundra m+agen
heo gewuldrad stonde+t.
<R 8>
Heo is eac on onsyne utan yfeles heowes, ac heo is innan mid
ece m+agene geweor+tod.
<R 10>
Swa hit ea+te beon m+ag +t+at se halga heahengel of heofenum
cumen w+are, & w+are gemyndig manna tyddernesse,
+t+at he hine geea+dmedde +t+at he hie mid his sylfes
handum gesette & geworhte, to +t+am +t+at he wolde
+t+at +t+ar mihten dea+tlice men gyrnan +tara uplicra
burhwara & +t+as ecean geferscipes.
<R 15>
+tonne is seo halige cirice Michaeles geseted on +t+am hean
cnolle sumes muntes, on scr+afes onlicnesse
w+as +ateowed; +tonne is seo cirice on Campania +t+as
landes gem+aro.
<R 18>
+donne is +t+ar on neaweste sum swi+te m+are burh betwih
+t+are s+a seo is nemned Adriaticus on +t+am munte
Garganus geseted, se is haten Sepontus.
<R 20>
+tonne syndon from +t+are burge weallum twelf mila ametene up
to +t+am hean cnolle, +te ic +ar big s+agde,
+t+as hean engles ciricean; & heo mid gefean & mid blisse
growende stande+t.
<R 23>
+das circean heo +tonne +tus +ateowde & gecy+tde +at fruman
seo ilce boc seo on +t+are ciricean funden w+as
& gemeted.
<R 25>
Sege+t +t+aron +t+at sum rice man & for worlde +ahtspedig
w+are on +t+are burh +t+as nama w+as Garganus.
<R 26>
Se welega man +t+am munte gesette +tone ilcan naman swa swa
he hatte.
<R 27>
Se man ahte mycelne welan; mid +ty +te +tas welegan mannes
<P 199>
ungeendod [{weorod{] & unarimed mengeo on hry+trum
& on manigfealdum ceapum geweox & gewridode, to+ton
+t+at he w+as geond +t+as muntes feld mid +ty
feo oferbr+aded & be+teaht.
<R 31>
+ta gelamp +t+at sum fearhry+ter +t+as o+tr+as ceapes
geferscipe oferhogode, & him gewunode +t+at he w+as geond
+t+at westen sundorgenga, & +ta +at nehstan eft hwyrfende
w+as to+t+am yrfe & to +t+am ceape & to heora gesetum.
<R 35>
He +ta se fear +t+as hyrdes drafe forhogode & him on +t+at
westen gewunode to sumes scr+afes dura.
<R 37>
+da +t+at se hlaford geahsode +t+at +t+at hry+ter swa on
wlencu geond +t+at westen ferde, +ta forbealh he hine
for+ton +te +t+at hry+ter him +tuhte onwedenheorte +te
+t+ar swa ferde geond +tone widgillan munt.
<R 40>
+ta gesamnode he mycel weorod his manna & hwearf +after wegum
ge buton geond +tone wudu, & sohton +t+at
forwlencte hry+t+ar.
<R 42>
+da gemette he hit +at nehstan on +t+as muntes cnolle, &
geseah +t+at hit stod an sumes scr+afes dura.
<R 44>
+ta w+as he mid yrre swi+dlice onstyred, for+don +te hit swa
wedende eode, & swa ofermodlice ferde.
<R 45>
+ta genam he his bogan & hine gebende, & +da mid ge+attredum
str+ale ongan sceotan wi+t +t+as +te he geseah
+t+at hry+ter stondan.
<R 47>
+da sona mid +tan +te se str+al on flyge w+as, +ta com swi+de
mycel windes bl+ad foran ongean, +t+at seo str+al
instepe wear+d eft gecyrred, & +da +tone ilcan welegan
mon, +te heo +ar from sended w+as, he sceat,
+t+at he sona dead w+as.
<R 51>
+da +t+at gesawon +da burgware, +da wurdon hie swi+de forhte
for +d+am f+are +te heo n+afre swylc wundor ne
gesawon.
<R 53>
Ond +ta ne dorstan hie +t+are stowe geneal+acan +te hie +t+at
hry+ter gesawon +at stondan.
<R 55>
+da w+as on +ta ilcan tid on +t+are heora byrig se w+as
haten Sepontus halig biscep.
<R 56>
+ta gesohtan hie hine & him +t+at wundor s+agdon, & hie hine
lare beahsodan, hw+at him +t+as to donne w+are.
<R 58>
+ta l+arde he hie & him to r+ade fand +t+at hie +try dagas
f+aston, & to Sancte Michaele +t+at hie wilnodan
+t+at God gecy+tde +t+at mannum bemi+den w+as & bedigled.
<R 61>
+ta hie +t+at gedon h+afdon ge on f+astenne, ge on
sealmsange, ge on +almessan, +da w+as +t+am ilcan biscepe
+atiewed on niht se hea & se halga heahengel Michahel.
<R 63>
& him +ta ea+dmodlice & luflice tospr+ac & +tus cw+a+d,
Weoroldlice &
<P 201>
wislice ge dyde +t+atte mannum bedigled
w+as on eor+dan +t+at ge +t+at on heofenas to Gode
sohtan.
<R 66>
Wite +tu eac +t+at se mon se +t+ar mid his agenum str+ale
ofsceoten w+as, +ta +t+at w+as mid minum willan gedon;
& min nama is Michael; ic eom heahengel Heofoncyninges &
ic on his gesih+te simle stonde.
<R 70>
Secgge ic +te nu eac +t+at ic onsundrum +ta stowe her on
eor+dan lufige, & ofer ealle o+tre ic hie geceas
& eac gecy+te on eallum +d+am tacnum +te +t+ar gelimpe+d,
+t+at ic eom +d+are stowe on sundran scyppend &
hyrde.
<R 73>
+da +t+at w+as +tus gesprecen & gecy+ded, hie +ta +ta
burgware swi+te bli+te & gefeonde mid +ton heora halgan
bisceope +ta stowe sohtan.
<R 75>
& +ta +after heora gewunon +t+ar +tone lifgendan God & +tone
halgan heahengel Michael meagollice geb+adon;
& Gode +t+ar ea+dmodlice lac ons+agdon.
<R 78>
& hie +ta +d+ar twa dura sceawodan on +t+are ciricean; +d+ar
w+as seo su+dduru hw+at hwega hade mare.
<R 79>
& +ta gyt hi ne mihton ofer +t+at scr+af swa sw+a+dhlype
+t+ar hi gongan, +ar+don hie gerymdon +tone upgang
& geworhtan.
<R 81>
Ac hie daga gehwylce geornlice +t+ar ute heora gebedum +at
fulgon.
<R 83>
On +ta ilcan tid Neapolite +da heora nehgeburas +ta +te +ta
giet on h+a+dnum +teawum dwelgende w+aron, & deoflum hyrdon.
<R 85>
Hie +ta +ta burgware Beneuentius & Sepontanus hatton, +ta
twa leode, hie +ta ongunnon anwigges biddan
& heora land to bismere oferhergodan, & him +d+as n+anige
bote dydon, buton ofermodlice wig & +treatunge.
<R 88>
Hie +ta l+arde se heora halga bisceop, & him to r+ade fand
+t+at hie dydon +treora daga f+asten & manigfealde
+almessan & halige lofsangas, & to +d+am heahengle
Michaele, swa to +d+am getreowestan mundboran,
+t+at hie him frofre & fultomes wilnodan, +t+at hie moston
+dara feonda searo beswican & ofercuman.
<R 93>
+ta on +ta ilcan tid +ta h+a+dnan bysmerlice & synlice heora
+ta leasan godas mid mislicum deofolgeldum
hie him la+todan on fultum.
<R 95>
+ta on +da ilcan tid w+as se eadiga engel Michahel +atiewed
+t+am hera bisceope on gesih+te, & him sige
toweardne geheht, & him s+agde +t+at heora bena w+aron +at
Gode gehyrede, & hie l+arde +d+at hie +at +t+are
+triddan tide on morgenne hie for+d trymedan ongean heora
feondum.
<R 100>
& him eac geheht, +t+at he wolde him
<P 203>
sylfa geseon heora geb+aro, & him +t+ar on fultume beon.
<R 101>
Hie +ta swa bli+te on morgenne w+aron, & gefeonde ferdon
ongean +t+am he+dnum.
<R 103>
& hie wiston be +t+as engles s+agenum, ge be heora sige, ge
eac be +tara h+a+tenra manna fleame [{&{] ondfylle.
<R 105>
& +ta sona on +d+are frym+te +t+as gefeohtes, +da w+as
Garganus se munt, se +te hie onfeohtan sceoldan, mid
mycclum brogan & mid ongryslan eall oferl+aded; & unhierlic
storm of +d+am munte astag, & mid +tystro genipum
+t+as muntes cnoll eal oferswogen w+as.
<R 109>
+da flugon +ta legetu swylce fyrene str+alas ongean +ta
h+a+dnan leode, to+d+am +ticce +t+at hie n+anige +tinga
ongean locian ne mihton for +d+as leges bryne.
<R 111>
+ta w+as gefylled +t+at se witga fores+agde; & Drihten herede
& +tus cw+a+d: (\Qui facit angelos suos spiritus
et ministros suos ignem urentem\) ; Hwilum se ilca God
sende+t his engla gastas to +arendwrecum,
hwilum he sende+t +turh fyres leg.
<R 115>
+da flugon +ta h+a+dnan leode, & gelice se leg hie cwylmde,
gelice +ta Cristenan him mid heora w+apnum
hyndon & onsetton, o+t+t+at hie unsofte [{+to{] [{Neapulite{]
& ofercomon +da h+a+tnan leode, +ta +te lifdon heora
burh healfcwice, & oferfeollan +ta +de +ta frecennesse &
yrm+to gen+ason.
<R 120>
+ta us +ta w+as gecy+ted Cristenum leodum, se Godes engel
+t+ar cwom on fultum & on frofre.
<R 121>
& +ta sona ealle ea+dmodlice to +t+am cyninga Cyninge, to
Criste sylfum, onhnigan.
<R 123>
& him ealle on hand eodan +ta h+a+dnan leode, & be +tara
Cristenra lare lifdon & fulwihte onfengon.
<R 124>
& hie ongeaton geornlice +t+at +t+am Cristenum leodum com
Godes engel on fultum & on frofre.
<R 126>
& +ta mid +ty +te +ta Cristenan leode +t+at wel sceawodan,
+da gesawon hie & getealdon +t+at +t+ar w+as eac syx
hund manna mid +ty lege anum & mid +t+am fyrenum str+alum
acweald, buton +t+am +te hie mid heora w+apnum
acwealdon & ofslogan.
<R 130>
Hie +ta swa sigebeorhte & swa gebegde mid mycelre blisse to
ham foran, & sona +t+am +almihtigan Gode
& +t+am heahengle Michaele to +t+are halgan ciricean hie
ea+dmodlice & luflice +tancudan +t+as siges +de hie
gefered h+afdon.
<R 134>
+ta gemittan hie eac beforan +d+are nor+ddura +t+are ciricean
on +t+am marmanstane swylce mannes swa+du, +ton
gelicost +te +t+ar sum mon +ta gestode.
<R 136>
& +ta fotlastas w+aron swutole & gesyne
<P 205>
on +t+am stane, swa hie on wexe w+aron a+dyde.
<R 137>
+ta ongeaton hie geornlice +t+at se eadiga Michael +t+ar w+as
toweard him to fultome, +da hwile +de hie +at
+t+am gefeohte w+aron.
<R 139>
& him sylfa +t+at tanc +t+as siges gesette, & gecy+dde
into +ty swi+dan sl+ape.
<R 140>
On +d+am stane hi +ta sona +d+ar ciricean ofergetimbredon &
+t+ar weofod inne wlitelice geworhtan & gegyredon.
<R 142>
& +ta stowe mid mycclum gefean seo+t+tan weor+todan &
beeodan, hie +ta h+afdan miccle lufan & geleafan
to +t+are ciricean.
<R 144>
Ond eac healico ondrysnu +ta leode.
<R 145>
& him w+as on mode myccle weorce & mycel tweo hw+at hie be
+t+are dorstan don, hwe+ter hie +ta ciricean
halgedon, o+t+te hw+at +d+as Godes willa w+are, & +t+as
halgan wyrhtan +te hie his hand geworhte.
<R 148>
Hie +ta +t+at to r+ade +arest fundon, +t+at hie ciricean
ar+ardon be eastan +t+are stowe, & +ta gehalgodan
on Sancte Petres naman, +t+as halgan Cristes +degnes.
<R 151>
& +t+ar gedydon twa weofedu in, & gehalgodan on Sanct+a
Marian noman Cristes modor, & o+der on Sancte
Iohannes Baptistan, Cristes fulwihtf+ader.
<R 153>
Him +ta se heora arwyr+da bisceop eadiglice & halwendlice
ge+deaht for+dbrohte, & hie l+arede +t+at hie
ra+dost to Rome sendon to +d+am papan, & +done papan & +t+at
papseld +t+at hie befrinon & beahsodan hw+at
him +t+as to r+ade +tuhte, hwe+ter hie +ta ciricean halgian
dorston on o+tre wisan.
<R 158>
+tislic +arende se eadiga papa +da +d+ar eft onsende & +tas
word cw+a+d, Gif hit sie mannes gemet +t+at he ciricean
halgian sceole, +donne is hit ealles gerisnost +t+at
hit sy on +d+am d+age +de se sige onseald
w+as.
<R 161>
gif hit +tonne hw+at elles +d+am halgan hirede be +t+are
stowe licige, & him leofre sie, +tonne is hit ealles
selest to +d+am d+age to secenne hw+at +t+as willa sie.
<R 164>
Ond +tonne seo tid neal+ace uton wit +tonne begen don mid
uncrum burhwarum feower daga f+asten, & +da
halgan +trynesse georne biddan +t+at heo +t+at lac +t+at hie
+turh +done halgan heahengel +arest +ateowde mannum
wundorlic tacn, +t+at hie +t+at mannum to fylgenne on
cy+dde, for+dgel+adde & gebringe.
<R 169>
Hie +da ealle ea+dmodlice, swa heora +a+tela bisceo+t l+arde,
feower daga f+asten gedydon.
<R 170>
+ta +d+are nihte +te hie +t+at f+asten gef+ast h+afdon, +ta
w+as Sanctus Michael +t+am bisceope on gesih+te +ateowed
& him cw+a+d to, Nis eow +d+as weorces +tearf +t+at
<P 207>
ge +da ciricean halgian, for+don +te ic hie geworhte
& ic hie gehalgode.
<R 174>
ge +tonne nu +tyder ingonga+d & me +atsonda+d, & geornlice
mundbyrde gelyfa+d to +d+are stowe, & hie genehge
mid gebedum secea+d.
<R 176>
+din is +tonne +t+at +tu +t+ar to morgne m+assan inne
gesinge, & +tis folc +t+ar +after +deawe to husle gange.
<R 178>
min is +tonne +t+at ic mid arwyr+dnesse tacne +ateowe &
gecy+te hine, +turh hine sylfne hie gehalgode & gebletsode.
<R 180>
Hie +da sona on morgenne swi+de gefeonde for +d+are andsware
mid mycelre anr+adnesse gebeda & mid haligra
lofsanga lacum +tyder coman, & +da eodan ealle on +da
ciricean.
<R 182>
Of +d+as portices dura +t+as +d+arscwolde w+as gesyne +t+at
+ta swa+do w+aron +arest utwearde ongunnen, +de ic
+ar s+agde +t+at +t+ar +arest on +d+am marmanstane gemeted
w+aron.
<R 185>
+teos circe mid +tys portice mihte hu hwego fif hund manna
befon & behabban.
<R 186>
+donne w+as +ateowed +t+at arwyr+de weofod wi+d +tone su+dwag
to middes hu hwega +d+as wages.
<R 188>
W+as hit eac bewrigen & oferbr+aded mid baswe godwebbe.
<R 189>
w+as +t+at ilce hus eac hwem dragen, nalas +after gewunan
mennisces weorces +t+at +ta wagas w+aron rihte,
ac git swi+dor on scr+afes onlicnesse +t+at w+as +ateowed.
<R 191>
& gelomlice +da stanas swa of o+drum clife st+a+dhlyplice ut
sceoredon.
<R 193>
Eac swylce se hrof w+as on mislicre heanesse; on sumre stowe
he w+as +t+at man mid his handa nealice ger+acean
mihte, in sumre ea+telice mid heafde gehrinan.
<R 195>
Ic +tonne gelyfe +t+at se heahengel ures Drihtnes miccle
swi+dor sohte & lufode +t+are heortan cl+annesse
+tonne +tara stana fr+atwednesse.
<R 197>
+donne w+as se cnoll swa hit nu cu+d is, +t+at se munt is
mycel uteweard; & he is styccem+alum mid hsomige
wuda oferwexen; sum mid grenum felda oferbr+aded.
<R 200>
Ond +ta +after +ton +te +d+ar w+aron +da halgan lofsangas &
m+assan gefyllede, hie +da mid mycclum gefean &
blisse & mid +t+as engles bletsunga eft hwyrfende w+aron to
heora husum.
<R 203>
Se bisceop +ta +d+ar gesette gode sangeras & m+assepreostas &
manigfealdlice ciricean +tegnas, +ta +t+ar
seo+d+dan d+aghwamlice mid gelimplicre endebyrdnesse
weor+dode.
<R 206>
n+as hwe+dre n+anig man +te +t+ar +afre nihtes tidum dorste
on +t+are ciricean cuman.
<R 207>
Ac on d+agred si+t+tan hit frumlyhte, hie +tyder inw+aron to
+d+am lofsangum gesamnode.
<R 208>
+tonne w+as
<P 209>
+t+ar eac of +t+am ilcan stane +t+are ciricean
hrofes on +ta nor+dhealfe +t+as weofodes swi+te wynsum
ond hluttor w+ata utflowende, +t+at +ta biggengan +te on
+d+are stowe stille wunodan.
<R 212>
+tonne w+as ongean +dyssum w+aterscipe gl+asen f+at on
seolfrenre racenteage ahangen +t+at +d+as wynsuman w+atan
+t+ar onfeng.
<R 214>
+t+ar w+as gewuna +t+am folce +tonne hie to husle gegangen
h+afdon, +t+at hie +after hl+addrum up to +d+am gl+asenum
f+ate astigon & +t+are heofonlican w+atan hie +t+ar
onfengon & onbyrigdon.
<R 217>
Seo +tonne w+as wynsumu on +d+are onbyrignesse, & heo w+as on
+t+am inno+de halwende.
<R 218>
Is +tis eac to tacne +t+at manige men on feforadle & on
mislicum o+trum untrumnessum +turh +tyses w+atan
onbyrignesse wurdan sona geh+alde.
<R 220>
Eac swylce o+trum gemetum unarimede manna untrumnessa +d+ar
w+aron oft & gelome geh+alde.
<R 222>
& manigfeald onlic wundor +dysum, +dam +te heora miht w+as
gelimplic & arwyr+de, +d+ar w+aron & gyt beo+d
+ateowed & gecy+ded, ealles oftost hwe+dre on +d+am d+age
+te seo tid bi+d & his weor+dung.
<R 225>
+donne of +d+am +teodlande +t+am +te +t+ar ymbsyndon +da folc
+t+ar cumende beo+d, +tonne is to gelyfenne & geare
to witenne +t+at +t+ar manigfealde & mislice untrumra
manna beo+d geh+alde.
<R 228>
& +d+as engles m+agen & his wundor +t+ar +tonne weor+dod
bi+d, & oftost +ateowed on +t+am d+age.
<R 229>
swa cw+a+d Sanctus Paulus, (\Qui ad ministrum summis\) ;
Englas beo+d to +degnunge g+astum fram Gode hider
on world sended, to +d+am +de +tone ecean e+del mid mode &
mid m+agene to Gode geearnia+d, +t+at him syn
on fultume +da +te wi+d +t+am awergdum gastum syngallice
feohtan sceolan.
<R 234>
Ac uton nu biddan +tone heahengel Sanctus Michahel & +da
nigen endebyrdnessa +dara haligra engla, +t+at
hie us syn on fultume wi+d helscea+dum.
<R 236>
Hie w+aron +ta halgan on onfenge manna saulum.
<R 237>
Swa Sanctus Paulus w+as geseonde on nor+danweardne +tisne
middangeard, +t+ar ealle w+atero ni+dergewita+d,
& he +t+ar geseah ofer +d+am w+atere sumne harne stan.
<R 240>
& w+aron nor+d of +d+am stane awexene swi+de hrimige bearwas,
& +d+ar w+aron +tystrogenipo, & under +t+am stane
w+as niccra eardung & wearga.
<R 242>
& he geseah +t+at on +d+am clife hangodan on +d+am isigean
bearwum manige swearte saula be heora handum
gebundne.
<R 244>
& +ta fynd +tara on nicra onlicnesse heora
<P 211>
gripende w+aron, swa swa gr+adig wulf.
<R 245>
& +t+at w+ater w+as sweart under +t+am clife neo+dan.
<R 246>
& betuh +t+am clife on +d+am w+atre w+aron swylce twelf mila.
<R 247>
& +donne +da twigo forburston +tonne gewitan +ta saula ni+der
+ta +te on +d+am twigum hangodan, & him onfengon
+da nicras.
<R 249>
+dis +donne w+aron +da saula +ta +de her on worlde mid
unrihte gefyrenode w+aron, & +d+as noldan geswican
+ar heora lifes ende.
<R 251>
Ac uton nu biddan Sanctus Michael geornlice +t+at he ure
saula gel+ade on gefean, +t+ar hie motan blissian
abuton ende on ecnesse.
<R 253>
AMEN.



<B COAELHOM>
<Q O3 IR HOM AELFR2/8>
<N CATH HOM II/8>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  AELFRIC'S CATHOLIC HOMILIES (II).
1)   AELFRIC'S SECOND SERIES OF 'CATHOLIC
HOMILIES': THE TEXT AND MANUSCRIPT
TRADITION.
ED. M. GODDEN.
CAMBRIDGE DISSERTATION, 1970.
2)   AELFRIC'S CATHOLIC HOMILIES.
THE SECOND SERIES, TEXT.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, S.S. 5.
ED. M. GODDEN.
LONDON, 1979.
(THE TEXT OF SAMPLE 1 IS DRAWN FROM 
GODDEN 1970 BUT FOLLOWS THE LINEATION 
OF GODDEN 1979).
PP. 67.1    - 71.131  (8)     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 247.182 - 248.231 (27.2)
PP. 255.1   - 259.137 (29)

TEXT:  AELFRIC'S HOMILIES (SUPPL. II).
HOMILIES OF AELFRIC. A SUPPLEMENTARY
COLLECTION, VOL. II.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 260.
ED. J. C. POPE.
LONDON, 1968.
PP. 531.1 - 541.230 (15)      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B1.2.9^]
<P 67>
<R 67.1>
[} [\VIII\] }]
[} (\DOMINICA SECUNDA IN QUADRAGESIMA.\) }]
(\EGressus inde IESUS. Secessit in partes tyri et sidonis; ET
RELIQUA.\) Drihten h+alend +dreade mid wordum +t+ara Iudeiscra
+dwyrnysse. and geleafleaste. and hi mid hospe his lare
forsawon;
<R 67.4>
+Ta ferde he +danon to +d+are burhscire +te is gehaten Tyrus.
and to +d+are o+dre +te is gehaten sidon;
<R 67.6>
And efne +da ferde an Chananeisc wif of +dam gem+arum togeanes
+dam h+alende. and him to clypode +tus cwe+dende;
<R 67.8>
Dauides bearn. gemiltsa me. min dohtor is yfele fram deofle
gedreht. and awedd;
<R 67.9>
He suwade. and hire nan word ne geandwyrde;
<R 67.10>
+Ta genealehton his leorningcnihtas him to. and hine b+adon.
La leof forl+at hi. for +dan +de heo clypa+d +after us;
<R 67.12>
+Ta andwyrde se h+alend. and cw+a+d; Ne eom ic asend buton
to +dam sceapum. Israhela hiwr+adenne. +de losedon;
<R 67.14>
Mid +tam +da com +t+at wif. and hi astrehte +at his fotum.
+tus cwe+dende;
<R 67.15>
Drihten leof. help min;
He andwyrde;
<R 67.16>
Nis na god +t+at man nyme his bearna hlaf. and awurpe hundum;
<R 67.17>
+T+at wif andwyrde. Gea leof drihten. swa +deah +da hwelpas
eta+d of +dam crumum +te fealla+d of heora hlafordes mysan;
<R 67.18>
+Ta andwyrde se h+alend +tam wife and cw+a+d;
<R 67.19>
Eala +du wif. micel is +din geleafa;
<R 67.20>
Getimige +da swa swa +du wilt. and +d+arrihte of +d+are tide
wear+d hire dohtor geh+aled and gewittig;
<R 67.22>
+Tis chananeisce wif w+as of h+a+denum folce. and h+afde
getacnunge godes gela+dunge. +te fram h+a+denscipe
to criste mid so+dum geleafan gebeah. +ta +da +ta Iudeiscan
hine forleton;
<P 68>
<R 68.25>
+T+at wif w+as afaren fram gem+arum hire e+deles. for +dan +te
heo forlet +da ealdan gedwyld hire h+a+denscipes. and mid
geleaffullum mode +tone so+dan h+alend gesohte. to
biddenne hire wodan dehter gesundfulnysse;
<R 68.29>
Heo clypode;
Dauides bearn. gemiltsa me. min dohtor is yfele fram deofle
gedreht;
<R 68.30>
Hit w+as so+dlice swa gedon. ac seo dohtor +te on wodum dreame
l+ag dweligende. getacnode +t+ara h+a+denra manna sawle.
+de w+aron yfele +turh deofol gedrehte. +da +da hi ne cu+don
heora scyppend. ac gelyfdon on deofolgyldum;
<R 68.34>
Seo moder cw+a+d dauides bearn gemiltsa min. and godes
gela+dung seo +de is ure moder gelyf+d. +t+at crist is dauides
bearn on +t+are menniscnysse. and heo bitt us miltsunge +at
him. for +dan +de he is god +almihtig ure alysend;
<R 68.37>
+after +deawlicum andgite se +de leahtras beg+a+d deofle to
gecwemednysse his scyppende on teonan. his dohtor is untwylice
awedd. for +dan +de his sawul is +dearle +durh deofol gedreht. 
ac him is neod +t+at he his agene wodnysse tocnawe. and mid
geleafan +at godes halgum +tingunge bidde. and mid micelre
anr+adnysse drihtnes fet gesece. biddende +t+at he his sawle 
fram +dam wodan dreame ahredde. swa swa he dyde +t+at 
chananeisce m+aden;
<R 68.45>
He ne andwyrde +dam wife +at fruman na for modignysse. ac he
nolde his cwyde awendan +durh +done +te he
bead his leorningcnihtum +ar his +drowunge +tus cwe+dende;
<R 68.47>
Ne fare ge on h+a+denra manna wege. and on Samaritaniscra
burgum ne becume ge. he nolde syllan intingan +tam Iudeiscum
+t+at he hi forsawe. +de godes .+a. heoldon. and +t+at
h+a+dene folc him to getuge +te deofolgild beeodon;
<R 68.51>
Nu suwade crist +at fruman wi+d +t+as wifes clypunge. for +dan
+de he +da liflican bodunge on his andwerdnysse h+a+denum
leodum bedigelode;
<R 68.53>
Witodlice +after his +ariste of dea+de he bebead his apostolum
+tus cwe+dende;
<R 68.54>
Fara+d. and l+ara+d. ealle +deoda. and fullia+d hi on naman
+t+as +almihtigan f+ader. and his suna. and +t+as
halgan gastes. and l+ara+d hi +t+at hi healdon ealle +da +ding
+te ic eow bebead;
<P 69>
<R 69.58>
Cristes leorningcnihtas to him geneal+ahton. and +dam wife to
him ge+dingodon. +tus cwe+dende;
<R 69.59>
La leof. forl+at hi. for +dan +de heo clypa+d +after us;
<R 69.60>
Swilce hi cw+adon forl+at +done gylt. and forgif hire +tine
miltsunge. for +dan +de heo urne fultum mid inweardre heortan
seh+d;
<R 69.62>
Ne clypode heo synderlice to Petre. ne heo ne namode Andream.
ne heora n+anne synderlice. ac eal +t+at
apostolice werod samod mid micelre anr+adnysse b+ad. +t+at hi
to +dam mildheortan h+alende hire ge+dingodon;
<R 69.66>
Drihten andwyrde his apostolum mid +tisum wordum. and cw+a+d;
<R 69.67>
Ne eom ic asend buton to +dam sceapum israhela hiwr+adene. +te
losedon;
<R 69.68>
So+dlice se +almihtiga f+ader asende his ancennedan sunu. mid
so+dre menniscnysse befangenne to +dam Iudeiscum folce. +t+at
hi sceoldon +arest gif hi woldon to fulluhte bugan. +durh
cristes lare;
<R 69.71>
Him gedafenode +t+at hi +arest on crist gelyfdon. for +dan +de
hi heoldon +ta ealdan .+a. and h+afdon cy+d+de to gode fram
ealdum dagum. +da bodade crist +turh hine sylfne +dam anum
folce. and of +dam his apostolas geceas. and fela o+dre
gecorene halgan;
<R 69.75>
Ac +da +da he geseah +t+at se m+asta d+al +d+are +deode his
lare forsawon. and sume eac ymbe his lif syrwdon. +da forlet
he hi on heora geleafleaste. and geceas +da h+a+denan leoda
+te geond ealne middaneard on deofolgyldum gelyfdon o+d +t+at;
<R 69.80>
+T+at wif com. and hi astrehte +atforan drihtne. +tus
cwe+dende;
<R 69.81>
Drihten leof help min;
+Treo halige m+agnu we gehyra+d be +disum wife on +dissere
r+adinge. +t+at is geleafa. and ge+dyld. and eadmodnyss;
<R 69.83>
Geleafan heo h+afde for +dan +de heo gelyfde +t+at drihten
mihte hire aweddan dohtor geh+alan;
<R 69.84>
Ge+dyld heo h+afde. +da +da heo forsewen w+as. and swa +deah
anr+adlice on hire benum +turhwunade;
<R 69.86>
Eadmod heo w+as. +da +da heo hi sylfe to hwelpum geemnette;
<R 69.88>
Drihten cw+a+d to +dam wife. Nis na god +t+at man nime his
<P 70>
bearna hlaf. and wurpe hundum;
<R 70.89>
+T+at israhela folc w+as gyo geteald to godes bearnum. and
h+a+den folc geond ealle woruld to hundum. for heora fulum
+deawum;
<R 70.91>
Nu is seo endebyrdnys +t+ara namena awend. mid +dam geleafan;
<R 70.92>
Hi sind gehatene hundas. and we scep;
<R 70.93>
Witodlice se witega cw+a+d be cristes ehterum. +de hine
acwealdon;
<R 70.94>
Fela hundas me ymbe eodon;
Se witega +turh godes gast het +da Iudeiscan cristes slagan
hundas. +te hine mid facenfullum mode ymbe eodon;
<R 70.96>
Eft crist sylf cw+a+d be us. Ic h+abbe o+dre scep. +ta +de ne
sind of +dyssere eowde. and +da ic sceal l+adan. and hi
gehyra+d mine stemne;
<R 70.99>
+T+at wif cw+a+d to criste;
Gea leof drihten;
Swa +deah +da hwelpas eta+d of +dam crumon. +te fealla+d of
heora hlafordes mysan;
<R 70.101>
Swi+de getacnigendlice spr+ac +tis wif;
Witodlice seo myse is seo boclice lar. seo +de us +dena+d
lifes hlaf;
<R 70.102>
Be +d+are mysan cw+a+d se witega;
<R 70.103>
Drihten +tu gegearcodest mysan on minre gesih+de. togeanes
+dam +te me gedr+afdon;
<R 70.104>
So+dlice +after gastlicum andgite. +ta hwelpas eta+d +da
cruman +te of heora hlafordes beode fealla+d. +tonne +da
+deoda +te on h+a+denscipe +ar lagon. nu sind mid geleafan
to heora scyppende gebigede. and +t+are gastlican lare
haligra gewrita bruca+d;
<R 70.108>
We heda+d +t+ara crumena +d+as hlafes. and +da Iudeiscan
gnaga+d +ta rinde. for +dan +de we understanda+d +t+at
gastlice andgit +t+ara boca. and hi r+ada+d +ta st+aflican
gereccednysse buton andgite;
<R 70.112>
Ealle heora bec +de se heretoga moyses. o+d+de witegan be
godes dihte gesetton. ealle hi spreca+d ymbe
cristes menniscnysse. and ymbe cristenra manna lif mid digelum
andgite. and +da Iudeiscan ne heda+d na mare. buton +d+are
st+aflican gereccednysse;
<R 70.116>
We cristene men so+dlice licga+d under godes mysan. and
eta+d +ta cruman his gastlican lare. for +dan
+de we sind eadmodlice mid lichaman and mid sawle godcundlicum
spr+acum under+deodde. to gefyllenne his beboda. +t+at he us
his behat gel+aste;
<R 70.120>
Drihten andwyrde. +tam chananeiscum wife. and cw+a+d;
<R 70.121>
Eala +du wif. micel is +din geleafa. Getimige +de swa swa +du
wylt;
<R 70.122>
And hire dohtor wear+d +ta geh+aled of +d+are tide;
For +dam
<P 71>
micclum geleafan +t+are meder. forlet se deofol +da dohtor;
<R 71.123>
Mid +dam is geseald bysen urum fulluhte. +t+at +da
unsprecendan cild beo+d gehealdene on +dam fulluhte +durh
geleafan +t+as f+ader. and +d+are moder. and +t+as
foresprecendan godf+ader. +deah +de +t+at cild nyten sy;
<R 71.127>
Cristenra manna geleafan h+af+d se +almihtiga god mid manegum
tacnum gewur+dod. +turh his halgan. +arest on heora life.
and si+d+dan +at heora halgum byrgenum. +tam sy
wuldor and wur+dmynt. A. on ecnysse. Amen

<Q O3 IR HOM AELFR2/27>
<N CATH HOM II/27.2>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B1.2.34^]
<P 247>
[} [\XXVII\] }]
[} (\NATALE SANCTI IACOBI APOSTOLI\) }]
[^27.1^]
<R 247.184>
[} (\VI. KALENDAS AGUSTI. SANCTORUM SEPTEM DORMIENTIUM.\) }] 
We willa+d eow eac gereccan sceortlice +t+at nu +after twam 
dagum is +d+ara seofon slapera gemynd. +t+ara naman
sind +dus gecwedene;
<R 247.186>
Maximianus. Malchus. Martinianus. Dionisius. Iohannes.
Seraphion. Constantinus;
<R 247.187>
+Tas seofon geleaffullan godes cempan w+aron on Decies dagum
+t+as caseres wunigende on +d+are byrig Ephesum;
<R 247.189>
Hi w+aron +a+delborene for worulde. and wurdon to +dam
h+a+denan cwellere gewrehte. for heora cristendome;
<R 247.191>
+da nolde he hi s+amtinges acwellan. ac let him fyrst for
heora +a+telborennysse +t+at hi hi be+dencan sceoldon. and
bugan to his h+a+dengylde. +tonne he eft come. o+d+de heora
lichaman sceoldon beon mid mislicum tintregum gecwylmede;
<R 247.195>
Decius +da gewende to o+drum burgum to tintregienne +da
cristenan. and +da seofan godes +degenas beceapodon heora
+ahta wi+d feo. and +t+at +dearfum digellice d+aldon. and
eodon of +d+are byrig into anum micclum screafe under anre
dune. and +t+ar on gebedum +durhwunodon. d+ages and nihtes;
<R 247.199>
Eft +da +da decius com +da het he hi gelangian;
<R 247.200>
+Ta wear+d him ges+ad +t+at hi on +dam scr+afe behydde w+aron.
and he +da gehathyrt het fordyttan +t+as scr+afes mu+d mid
orm+atum weorcstanum;
<R 247.202>
Ac se mildheorta
<P 248>
god h+afde lytle +ar hi ealle geswefode binnon +dam scr+afe.
and hi swa slapende lagon +dreo hund geara. and twa and
hundseofontig geara. o+d +t+at cristendom becom ofer ealne
middaneard;
<R 248.206>
Eft +da +after +disum fyrste on +d+as caseres dagum Theodosies
se +de micclum on crist belyfde. getimode +t+at sume wyrhtan
afundon +done stan +at +t+as scr+afes mu+de. and hine aweg
awiligdon;
<R 248.209>
Hw+at +da se +almihtiga scyppend forgeaf +tam seofon halgum
+te on +dam scr+afe lagon lif and +arist. +after
swa langum sl+ape. and hi wurdon +da ameldode +tam burhwarum;
<R 248.211>
+Tis wundor wear+d +da +tam cristenum casere theodosie gecyd.
and he mid bli+dum mode +dider si+dode. mid
ealre +t+are burhware and biscopum and heafodmannum;
<R 248.214>
+da halgan martyras +da ut eodon of +dam scr+afe togeanes +dam
casere. and heora nebwlitu scean swa swa sunne;
<R 248.216>
Se casere +da theodosius feoll +atforan him. and heora +alcne
synderlice cyste. micclum blissigende and cw+a+d;
<R 248.218>
Swa ic geseo eow. swilce ic gesawe h+alend crist. +ta +da he
lazarum of his byrgene ar+arde;
<R 248.219>
+Ta cw+a+d se yldesta Maximianus to +dam casere;
<R 248.220>
Gelyf us. for +de ar+arde se +almihtiga god us of eor+dan +ar
+dam micclum d+age. +t+at +du buton twyn gelyfe. +t+at deadra
manna +arist bi+d. nu we arison of dea+de. and we lybba+d;
<R 248.223>
Stande nu +din cynedom on sibbe. and on so+dum geleafan. and
crist hine gescylde wi+d deofles costnungum;
<R 248.225>
+after +dison feollon hi eft ealle +atforan +tam casere. swa
swa god bebead. and heora gast ageafon;
<R 248.226>
+Ta wolde se casere wyrcan him eallum gyldene scryn. ac hi
+ateowodon him on +d+are ylcan nihte. and s+adon;
<R 248.228>
Of eor+dan we arison. l+at us on eor+dan gerestan. o+d +t+at
god us eft ar+are;
<R 248.229>
Se casere +da and his biscopas ar+ardon m+are cyrcan ofer
heora lichaman to lofe +dam +almihtigum gode.
se +de leofa+d and rixa+d. a. on ecnysse. amen:

<Q O3 IR HOM AELFR2/29>
<N CATH HOM II/29>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B1.2.36^]
<P 255>
<R 255.1>
[} [\XXIX\] }]
[} (\VIII. X. KALENDAS SEPTEMBRIS. ASSUMPTIO SANCTE MARIE
UIRGINIS.\) }] 
Men +da leofostan hwilon +ar we rehton eow +done
pistol +te se halga Hieronimus sette be for+dsi+de +t+are
eadigan Marian cristes meder. +turh +tone he adw+ascte +da
dwollican gesetnysse +te saml+arede men s+adon be hire
for+dsi+de;
<R 255.4>
Nu wylle we eow gereccan be +dam halgum godspelle +te man +at
+dyssere m+assan eow +atforan r+adde;
<R 255.7>
(\Intrauit iesus in quoddam castellum. Et reliqua;\) Se
h+alend becom into sumere ea+delican byrig. and
an wif martha gehaten gela+dode hine to hire gereorde;
<R 255.9>
Heo h+afde ane swustor maria gehaten. seo s+at +at drihtnes
fotum and georne his lare hlyste;
<R 255.11>
Martha so+dlice hire swuster eode carful. ymbe drihtnes
+denunge;
<R 255.12>
Heo stod +da. and cw+a+d to +dam h+alende;
Drihten. hwi nelt +du hogian. +t+at min swuster me l+at ana
+denian. sege hire +t+at heo me fylste;
<R 255.14>
Hire andwyrde se h+alend and cw+a+d;
<R 255.15>
Martha. martha. +tu eart carful and bysig ymbe fela +ding;
<R 255.16>
Witodlice. an +ding is nydbehof;
Maria geceas +tone selestan d+al. se +de ne bi+d hire n+afre
+atbroden;
<R 255.18>
Ne sprec+d +tis godspel nan +ding sinderlice be cristes meder.
ac man hit r+at swa +deah gewunelice +at hire m+assan. for
+d+are cyrclican gesetnysse;
<R 255.20>
Augustinus trahtnunge we fylia+d. on
<P 256>
+disum godspelle;
<R 256.21>
+Tas twa wif martha and maria w+aron +t+as lazares geswustru.
+te se h+alend of dea+de ar+arde;
<R 256.22>
Hi w+aron butu +t+as h+alendes leorningmen. and he gelome +at
heora huse hine gereordode. mid his leorningcnihtum;
<R 256.24>
Hi w+aron gecyrrede to micelre eawf+astnysse +durh cristes
lare and wundrum. and he hi lufode for +di;
<R 256.26>
He underfeng heora +denunga. for +dan +de he h+afde so+dne
lichaman. +turh +done +de him hingrode and +tyrste;
<R 256.28>
Se underfeng +t+ara wimmanna +tenunge. in +dam huse. se +de on
westene w+as fram englum gereordod;
<R 256.29>
Nu +denca+d sume men +t+at +da wif w+aron ges+alige. +t+at hi
swilcne cuman underfengon;
<R 256.31>
So+d +t+at is. ges+alige hi w+aron. ac swa +deah ne +durfe we
ceorian +t+at drihten nis lichamlice on +dyssere worulde
wunigende nu swa swa he +da w+as. +t+at we mihton hine eac
to us gela+dian. for +dan +de he cw+a+d. swa hw+at swa ge do+d
on minum naman anum +dam l+astum. +t+at ge do+d me sylfum;
<R 256.36>
Martha w+as swi+de bysig ymbe drihtnes +denunge. and hire
swuster maria s+at stille +at drihtnes fotum.
heorcnigende his lare;
<R 256.38>
Martha swanc. and maria s+at +amtig; On +disum twam
geswustrum w+aron getacnode twa lif. +tis geswincfulle +de
we on wunia+d. and +t+at ece +de we gewilnia+d;
<R 256.40>
+T+at an lif is wr+acful. +t+at o+der is eadig;
<R 256.41>
An hwilwendlic. o+der ece;
Martha spr+ac cu+dlice to +dan h+alende. wolde +t+at he hete
hire swuster hire fylstan +at +d+are +denunge +te heo micclum
ymbhogode. +ta beladode drihten marian and cw+a+d;
<R 256.44>
Martha. martha. +tu eart carful and bysig ymbe fela +ding.
witodlice an +ding is nydbehof;
<R 256.46>
An +ding bi+d geset. toforan eallum;
Nis +t+at an +ding fram manegum. ac manega +ding sind fram
+dam anum;
<R 256.47>
Fela +ding sind geworhte. ac an is se +de geworhte heofenas
and eor+dan. s+a and ealle gesceafta. +ta ealle gescop and
geworhte an god. se +de ana is so+d god. on +drim hadum
wunigende;
<R 256.50>
Efne +da gesceafta
<P 257>
sindon swi+de gode. ac se ana is betere +de hi ealle gescop;
<R 257.52>
+Tises anes gewilnode maria. +da +da heo ges+at +at godes
fotum his word heorcniende;
<R 257.54>
Martha w+as geornful hu heo mihte god fedan. maria hogode
swi+dor hu heo mihte +turh godes lare hire sawle gereordigan.
for +dan +te +d+as modes gereordung is betere. +tonne +d+are
wambe;
<R 257.57>
Seo swuster hi wolde habban to hire bysegan. ac drihten w+as
hire forespreca. and heo s+at +da orsorhgre;
<R 257.59>
Drihten cw+a+d;
Maria geceas +tone selestan d+al. se +de ne bi+d hire n+afre
+atbroden;
<R 257.60>
God w+as marthan +denung +da +da heo +dam +almihtigan +tenode.
ac swa +deah maria geceas +tone selran d+al;
<R 257.62>
Hwi selra? For +dan +de hit ne bi+d hire n+afre +atbroden;
<R 257.63>
Witodlice +t+at +t+at martha geceas. is hire nu +atbroden;
Heo geceas geswinc. ac hire is +t+at +atbroden. for +dan +de
crist hi gebrohte to ecere reste on his rice. swa swa he behet
eallum him +deniendum. +tus cwe+dende;
<R 257.66>
+d+ar +d+ar ic sylf beo. +t+ar bi+d min +den;
<R 257.67>
Martha swanc +da swilce on rewette. and maria s+at stille
swilce +at +d+are hy+de;
<R 257.68>
Heo w+as bysig ymbe anum +dinge. and heold +t+as witegan cwyde
+te cw+a+d;
<R 257.69>
Me is god +t+at ic me to gode ge+deode. and sette minne hiht
on drihtne;
<R 257.70>
Swi+de god +denung is and herigendlic. +t+at gehwa godes
+dearfum +denige. and swi+dost +dam eawf+astum godes +deowum.
ac swa +deah mare is +t+at man +ta heofenlican lare secge +tam
ungel+aredum. and heora sawla gereordige +te n+afre ne
ateoria+d. +tonne man +done deadlican lichaman mid
brosniendlicum mettum afylle;
<R 257.75>
+ag+dres men behofia+d. ge bigleofan ge lare. ac swa +deah
hwonlice frema+d +t+as mannes lif. +de bi+d nytene gelic.
+de hawa+d symle to +d+are eor+dan +t+at is to eor+dlicum
+dingum. and for andgitleaste ne cann his mod awendan to
+dam upplicum +dingum ne to +dam ecan life;
<R 257.80>
Paulus cw+a+d. Se +de ne cann. hine man eac ne cann;
<P 258>
<R 258.81>
Eft he cw+a+d;
+Ta +de buton godes +a. syngia+d. +da losia+d eac buton godes
.+a;
<R 258.83>
On +disum wr+acfullum life we sceolon earmra manna helpan. we
sceolon +da hungrian fedan. nacode scrydan. cuman underfon.
h+aftlingas ut alysan. +da unge+dw+aran gesibbian. untrume
geneosian. deade bebyrian;
<R 258.86>
+das +denunga sindon on +disum life. +te martha getacnode;
<R 258.87>
Witodlice on +dam toweardan life +de maria getacnode ne beo+d
+das neoda. ne +das +denunga;
<R 258.88>
+T+ar we beo+d gefedde. and we +d+ar n+anne ne afeda+d. +t+ar
bi+d fulfremed +t+at maria her geceas;
<R 258.90>
Be +dan life cw+a+d se h+alend. +t+at he de+d his halgan
sittan. and he sylf farende him +dena+d;
<R 258.91>
+dam he +dena+d +tonne. +de him nu +denia+d. +turh +dearfena
+denunge;
<R 258.92>
For +di is marthan +denung swi+de herigendlic. +durh hi w+as
maria geherod;
<R 258.94>
+Teah +de se lareow halig beo. hra+de asleaca+d his tunge to
+d+are godcundan bodunge. gif he n+af+d +tone lichamlican
fodan. is swa +deah selre +t+at +t+at ece is;
<R 258.96>
We s+adon eow and gyt secga+d. +t+at +das twa geswustru
h+afdon getacnunge +dises andwerdan lifes. and +d+as ecan;
<R 258.98>
On +dam anum huse w+aron twa lif. and +t+at so+de lif crist;
<R 258.99>
On marthan w+as getacnung +dises andwerdan lifes. on marian
+d+as toweardan;
<R 258.100>
+T+at +t+at martha dyde. +t+ar we sind;
<R 258.101>
+T+at +t+at maria dyde. to +dam we hopia+d; 
+ag+der lif is herigendlic. ac +t+at an is swa +deah
geswincful;
<R 258.102>
Ne beo se carfulla leahterful. ne se ne lufige idelnysse se
+de on stilnysse is;
<R 258.104>
+da +de ymbe o+dra manna bigleofan and scrude hogia+d. +ta
geefenl+aca+d marthan;
<R 258.105>
+Ta +de gyma+d +t+are heofenlican lare +da geefenl+aca+d
marian. +de drihten swi+dor herode;
<R 258.106>
Witodlice swa oft swa we ymbe o+dra manna neode hogia+d. we
geefenl+aca+d marthan. and swa oft swa we to godes huse ga+d
his lof to gehyrenne. and us to gebiddenne we geefenl+aca+d
marian;
<R 258.110>
+Tis godspel is nu sceortlice getrahtnod. and we secga+d eow
+t+at nan man hine ne sceal beladian +t+at he godes cyrcan ne
<P 259>
gesece. +deah +de he fyrlen sy;
<R 259.112>
Swa he feorran godes hus gesec+d. swa his med mare bi+d;
<R 259.113>
Nis nan twyn +t+at eow ne beo forgolden +alc +d+ara stapa +de
ge to godes huse st+appa+d. ymbe eowere sawle +dearfe;
<R 259.115>
Hw+at wille we eow swi+dor secgan be +disum symbeld+age. buton
+t+at maria cristes modor wear+d on +disum d+age of +disum
geswincfullum middanearde genumen up to heofenan rice.
to hire leofan suna. +de heo on life ab+ar. mid +dam heo
blissa+d on ecere myrh+de. a to worulde;
<R 259.119>
Gif we mare secga+d be +disum symbeld+age +tonne we on +dam
halgum bocum r+ada+d +te +durh godes dihte gesette w+aron.
+donne beo we +dam dwolmannum gelice. +te be heora agenum
dihte o+d+de be swefnum fela lease gesetnyssa awriton. ac +da
geleaffullan lareowas Augustinus. Hieronimus. Gregorius.
and gehwilce o+dre +turh heora wisdom hi towurpon;
<R 259.125>
Sind swa +deah gyt +da dwollican bec +ag+der ge on leden. ge
on englisc. and hi r+ada+d ungerade menn;
<R 259.127>
Genoh is geleaffullum mannum to r+adenne and to secgenne +t+at
+t+at so+d is. and feawa is +d+ara manna +de
mage ealle +da halgan bec. +de +turh godes mu+d. o+d+de +durh
godes gast gedihte w+aron fulfremedlice +turhsmeagan;
<R 259.130>
L+ate gehwa aweg +da dwollican leasunga +de +da unw+aran to
forwyrde l+ada+d. and r+ade gehwa o+d+de hlyste +t+are halgan
lare +de us to heofenan rice gewissa+d. gif we hi gehyran
wylla+d;
<R 259.134>
Uton nu geornlice biddan. +ta eadigan marian. +te nu tod+ag
w+as ahafen. and geuferod. bufon engla +drymme. +t+at heo us
+dingige. to +dam +almihtigan gode. se +de leofa+d and rixa+d.
on ealra worulda woruld. amen:


<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O3 IR HOM AELFR15>
<N AEHOM 15>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B1.4.16^]
<P 531>
[} (\DOMINICA VII POST PENTECOSTEN\) }]
(\Amen, dico uobis, nisi abundauerit, et reliqua.\)
<R 1>
Matheus se godspellere, +te w+as mid Criste on life, and his
lare gehyrde, on his hirede wuniende, he
awrat be Criste +t+at he gecw+a+d hwilon +tus to his halgum
apostolum, and +turh hy eac to us: So+d ic eow secge, +t+at
ge sylfe ne becuma+d into heofonan rice, butan eower rihtwisnys
beo eallunga mare +atforan minum F+ader +tonne +t+ara bocera
is and +d+ara Sunderhalgena.
<R 9>
Ge gehyrdon +ta bebodu +te God bebead gefyrn +tam ealdan
Israhele under Moyses lage, and hym +tus s+ade:
Ne ofsleh +tu mannan;
<P 532>
and se +de man ofslih+d, se bi+d domes scyldig.
<R 13>
Ic secge eow to so+dan +t+at se bi+d domes scyldig, se +de nu
yrsa+d wi+d his [{agenne{] bro+dor.
<R 15>
Se +de him hosp gecwy+d, se bi+d +teahtes scyldig, and se +de
[{hine{] [{h+at{] stuntne, se bi+d wites scyldig on +tam
witnigendlican fyre +t+are toweardan worulde, buton he
+done gylt gebete on his life.
<R 19>
Gif +du geoffrast Gode +anige lac +at his weofode, and +tu
+tonne ge+tencst +t+at +tin bro+dor h+af+d sum +ting
ongean +te, gesete +tine lac +atforan +tam weofode, and f+ar
+de +arest hra+de to +tinum agnum bre+der, and hine geglada;
and +tonne +tu eft cymst, geoffra +tine lac.
<R 25>
+tis godspel is nu ges+ad sceortlice eow +tus; and we secga+d
eow +t+at sume men wendon +t+at seo ealde +a on Moyses timan
w+are miccle sti+dre mannum to gehealdenne +tonne Cristes
boboda, +te he gecw+a+d him sylf on +d+are niwan lage +after
his tocyme, under Godes gife, on +d+as godspelles timan,
swa swa we healdan sceolon gif we hyra+d Gode; ac hy magon
gehyran her on +disum godspelle +t+at Cristes beboda, +te he
bebead mannum, syndon miccle maran +tonne Moyses lagu; and we
sceolon li+dian and ure lif awendan to +d+as H+alendes bebodum,
gif we habban wylla+d +ta micclan myrh+de mid him, swa swa he
us behet.
<R 39>
We ne magon libban on +disum life nateshwon, +t+at we ne
agylton wi+d God and wi+d men on worde and on weorce; ac we
sceolon symble
<P 533>
to Gode gecyrran and his mildsunge biddan; for +don +te he is
gearu, gif we hine bidda+d mid inneweardre heortan, +t+at he
us mildsige; and him is miccle leofre ures lifes [{rihting{]
+tonne +anig o+der sceat, gif we geswica+d yfeles.
<R 47>
+alce d+ag we syngia+d, and +alce d+ag we sceolon urne H+alend
gladian mid sumre godnysse, se +de +afre [{wile{] us mannum
mildsian; and he nyle naht ea+de +t+as synfullan dea+d, ac he
swy+dor wyle +t+at he gecyrre and lybbe; and se +de bote
underfeh+d, and he beo sy+d+dan hr+a+de +t+as of life, he 
sceal to reste gewiss, for +ton +te he gecyrde fram his 
synnum to Gode.
<R 55>
Se H+alend us s+ade, swa swa ge gehyrdon +ar, So+d ic eow
secge, +t+at ge sylfe ne becuma+d into heofonan
rice, buton eower rihtwisnys beo eallunga mare +atforan minum
F+ader +tonne +t+ara bocera is and +d+ara Sunderhalgena.
<R 60>
+ta boceras syndon and +ta Sundorhalgan +ta ealdan witan, +te
w+aron gefyrn, under Moyses lage, swa micclum gel+arede +t+at
hy +da ealdan +a on heora wisan cu+don; ac hy ne heoldon
swa+teah +ta halgan Godes +a swa wel swa hy sceoldon.
<R 65>
+ta cidde hym se H+alend swi+de oftr+adlice, for +dan +te hy
ne heoldon +ta halgan beboda swa swa God sylf
hym bebead;
<P 534>
ac hy woldon hym sylfe +t+at hy halige w+aron,
and w+aron swa+teah misworohte wi+dinnan.
<R 70>
+ta s+ade se H+alend, +te geseah heora heortan, swi+de
egeslice word, hym +tus cidende: (\Uos iustificatis
uos coram hominibus; Deus, autem, nouit corda uestra\) : Ge
tella+d eow rihtwise on manna gesih+tum, ac God so+dlice cann
swa+deah eowere heortan; ge synd swa swa byrgenu +te beo+d
wi+dutan agrafene mid ofergeweorcum, swi+de wel amette,
and syndon afyllede mid forrotodnysse; and ge swa+teah lufia+d
hlisan and herunge.
<R 80>
Hym w+as beboden, on heora gehealdsumnyssum on Moyses lage,
+t+at hy moston lufian heora agene frynd,
and hatian heora fynd; ac us bead se H+alend, her on +dysum
life, +t+at we lufian sceolon symble, butan hiwunge, ure
agene freond, and +alcne Cristene man, and eac for Godes
lufan lufian ure fynd, +t+at ure rihtwisnys beo mare +tonne
heora, we +de habban sceolon +t+at heofonlice lif, gif we
gehyrsume beo+d Godes h+asum mid weorcum.
<R 90>
Hym w+as beboden +t+at hy ne h+amdon unrihtlice
<P 535>
wi+d o+tra manna wif; ac us s+ade Crist +tus: (\Omnis qui
uiderit mulierem ad concupiscendum eam iam mechatus est eam
in corde suo\) ; +t+at is on Englisc, +alc man
+te sceawa+d wifman mid luste, +t+at he hy habban wolde,
+t+at him witodlice bi+d +t+at forliger gefremod on his
agenre heortan +turh +tone unlust, +t+at he hire gewilnode.
<R 99>
We secga+d swa+deah +t+at si ea+dre to betenne +ta yfelan
[{ge+tohtas{] [{+tonne{] [{+ta{] [{yfelan{] [{d+ada{] , [{gyf{]
[{man{] [{+tone{] [{yfelan{] willan [{awent{] to beteran.
<R 102>
Hy teo+dodon heora wyrta, and wolice forleton +ta maran beboda
+te Moyses bebead on +t+are halgan Godes +a hym to gehealdenne.
<R 105>
Nu sceole we healdan swa +ta l+assan beboda, +t+at we +da
maran eac mid weorcum gefyllan.
<R 107>
Hy t+ahton mid wordum, swa swa hit awriten is, Godes lare
mannum, and forleton +ta weorc; ac se bi+t m+are lareow,
swa swa se H+alend s+ade, se +te him sylf gede+d, and he
sy+d+dan swa t+ac+d, and onginne+d +ta bysne on him sylfum
+arest.
<P 536>
<R 112>
Hym w+as behaten, gif hy heoldon Godes +a, eor+dlice w+astmas,
and Crist witodlice behet +t+at ece lif +tam +te his word
healda+d, +t+at +te mannes eage ne mihte geseon, ne eare
gehyran, ne heorte asmeagan, +ta micclan m+ar+de +te se
mildheorta Crist +tam eallum behet +te hine lufia+d;
and +t+artoeacan he forgif+d us ure neode.
<R 120>
Nu mote we habban maran rihtwisnysse, nu us synd behatene +ta
heofonlican speda, +t+at we moton sona
si+tian to Criste on urum for+dsi+te, gif we +ar mid w+arscipe
ure synna gebeta+d sylfwilles on life.
<R 125>
Ge gehyrdon +ta bebodu +te God bebead gefyrn +tam ealdan
Israhele under Moyses lage, and hym +tus s+ade:
Ne ofslih +du mannan; and se +de [{man{] ofslih+d, se bi+d
domes scyldig.
<R 129>
Ic secge eow to so+tan +t+at se bi+d domes scyldig, se +de nu
yrsa+d wi+d his agenne bro+dor.
<R 131>
On +dam dome man tosc+at hwilc his scyld w+are, and oft he
bi+d unscyldig on +dam dome get+aht, se +de +ar
w+as geteald +t+at he scyldig w+are; and man m+ag gegladian
mid godum willan
<P 537>
+ta f+arlican yrsunge, and forfon mid wisdome,
ea+d +tonne he gebete gif he bi+d ofslagen.
<R 137>
To +ag+ter +t+ara +tinga, +t+at is yrre and mansliht, g+a+d se
rihta dom; ac hit bi+d swa+teah leohtre on bote on +dam
lybbendan men, +teah +te he yrsige, and hit eft geh+ale, swa
swa +tis godspell on +afteweardan s+ag+d, +t+at we magon
gegladian +tone +te we +ar abulgon.
<R 143>
Se +te his bre+ter hosp gecwy+d, se bi+d +teahtes scyldig.
<R 144>
Her syndon nu twa +ting, +t+at yrre and se hosp, and +t+ar
g+a+d ge+teaht to +tam twam +tingum, +t+at man mid ge+teahte
secge him his wite, hw+at he sylf +trowige for +dam twam
+tingum; ac swa+teah hwilon swa scyldig man +atwint,
be +dam +te se trahtnere us s+ag+d on Leden.
<R 150>
And se +de hine h+at stuntne, se bi+d wites scyldig on +dam
witnigendlican fyre +t+are toweardan worulde.
<R 152>
Her syndon nu +treo +ting, and for+tig mare wite: +t+at yrre
and se hosp, and eac teonr+aden; and +tas +ting sceolon,
swa swa us s+ag+d seo boc, on +dam toweardan wite
beon afeormode, buton se man hy sylfwilles gebete.
<R 157>
Micele maran gyltas man m+ag gebetan her on +tisum life, and
+tone H+alend gegladian,
<P 538>
+t+at he ne +turfe +trowian on +dam toweardan life.
<R 160>
God cw+a+d +turh his witegan +t+at he wolde mildsian +alcum
men +te gecyr+d fram his synnum to him, +tam +te
mid geomerunge gewyrc+d d+adbote, and his synna [{ne{] 
[{beo+d{] [{sy+t+tan{] on gemynde.
<R 163>
Lareowas sceolon l+aran and styran, and witan sceolon +treagan
+ta +dwyran and +ta stuntan, +ag+ter ge mid wordum ge mid
weorcum hwilon, swa swa Crist sylf dyde, +te cidde +tam
Iudeiscum for heora gedwyldum and dyrstigan anginne.
<R 169>
Paulus se Apostol on his pistole cw+a+d +tus: (\Argue,
[{obsecra{] , increpa, in omni patientia et doctrina\) : +trea
+du and bide, cid mid ge+dylde, on ealre lare to
lifes bebodum.
<R 173>
Gif hwa nu +turh steore sum styrne word gecwy+d to his
under+teoddum for heora stuntnysse, ne bi+d na +t+at gelic
+tam un+teawf+astan men, +te for his receleaste
misr+ace+d o+derne, for nanre steore, ac for stuntnesse.
<P 539>
<R 178>
We sceolon us gebletsian and abiddan +at Gode +tat he us
gehealde, and urne mu+d [{+turhhlynne{] , swa swa
se witega b+ad, +tysum wordum cwe+dende: (\Pone, Domine,
custodiam ori meo, et hostium circumstantie labiis meis\) :
Sete +tu, leof Drihten, minum mu+de hyrdr+adene,
[{and{] duru minum welerum, +tinre wearde abutan.
<R 184>
Duru he ab+ad, +t+at he fordyttan mihte +ta idelan spr+aca,
and undon his mu+d to wisdomes spr+acum, and to wur+dianne
God, swa swa man belyc+d and geopena+d +ta duru.
<R 188>
Vton nu gehyran +t+as H+alendes l+acedom, hu we magon geh+alan
her on +disum life ure yfelan word wi+d +done +te we
gegremodon.
<R 191>
Gif +du geoffrast Gode +anige lac +at his weofode, and +tu
+tonne ge+dencst +t+at +tin bro+dor h+af+d sum +ding
ongean +te, gesete +tine lac +atforan +tam weofode, and far
+te +arest ra+de to +tinum agenum bre+der, and hine geglada;
and +tonne +tu eft cymst, geoffra +tine lac.
<R 197>
Se H+alend cw+a+d eft on sumere o+dre stowe, +tonne ge sylfe
standa+d on eowrum gebedum, forgifa+d +tonne on eowrum heortum
eallum o+drum mannum +te wi+d eow agylta+d +t+at se Heofonlica
F+ader eowre synna forgife; and butan ge forgifon, ne forgif+d
he na eow.
<P 540>
<R 203>
+tonne h+af+d ure bro+dor sum +ting ongean us, gif we him
deredon o+d+de gedydon un+danc; +tonne sceole we don be ures
Drihtnes lare, gegladian urne bro+dor mid goodum ingehyde,
+tone Cristenan man, butan +alcere hiwunge, +t+at God sylf
underfo gl+adlice ure lac, se +de nele underfon nan +ting
+ar +at us, +ar we habban sibbe on so+df+astum mode.
<R 211>
Gif us +anig man dera+d o+d+de gede+d un+tanc, +t+at we
sceolon forgifan, swa swa se H+alend s+ade, +t+at us ure synna
sy+d+dan [{beon{] forgifene.
<R 214>
Vre lac syndon +te we offria+d Gode ure halgan gebedu, and
+t+at we gehelpon +tam earmum mid urum +almessum, and +alc
+ting +te we do+d urum Drihtne to lofe; +ta beo+d ealle Godes
lac, and we mid godum willan +ta sceolon geoffrian, +t+at
hy andfenge beon, and Gode licwyr+de, +te lufia+d +afre sibbe,
and he mid smyltnysse symble dem+d eallum.
<P 541>
<R 222>
Be +dam sang se sealmwyrhta, +tus secgende him to: (\Adiutor
meus, tibi sallam, et cetera\) ; +t+at is on Engliscre spr+ace,
+tu eart min gefylsta; +te sylfum ic singe; +tu eart min
onfond, min agen so+d God, and min mildheortnys.
<R 227>
He het hine mildheortnys, for +dan +te he milde is, and he on
manega wisan +tam mannum gehylp+d +te mid
anr+adnysse to him +afre hopia+d.
<R 230>
+tam is wuldor and wur+dmynt a to worulde, AMEN.



<B COBENRUL>
<Q O3 IR RULE BENEDOE>
<N BEN RULE OE>
<A AETHELWOLD>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T RULE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE BENEDICTINE RULE.
DIE ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSABEARBEITUNGEN
DER BENEDIKTINERREGEL.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, II.
ED. A. SCHROEER.
DARMSTADT: WISSENSCHAFTLICHE
BUCHGESELLSCHAFT, 1964 (1885-1888).
PP. 1.1 - 6.3       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 9.2 - 57.13     (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B10.3.1.1^]
<P 1>
[}HER BEGIN+D SEO FORESPR+AC MUNECA REGULES.}]
<R 2>
GEHYR +DU MIN BEARN geboda +dines lareowes and anhyld +tinre
heortan eare, and myngunge +tines arf+astan
f+ader lustlice underfoh and caflice gefyl, +t+at +du mid
+tinre hyrsumnesse geswince to Gode gecyrre,
+te +tu +ar fram buge mid asolcennysse +dinre unhyrsumnesse.
<R 6>
Eornestlice min spr+ec and lar is to +aghwylcum +tara asend,
+te his agenum lustum wi+ds+ac+d and mid +tam
strencstum and +tam beorhtestum hyrsumnesse w+apnum drihtnum
Criste so+dum cyninge hyrsumian wile, +arest
+tinga swa hwylc god swa +tu beginst, +t+at hit +durh
drihten to fulfremedum ende cuman mote, mid singalum
gebede geornfullice gewilna.
<R 13>
+t+at ure heofenlica f+ader, +te us him to bearnum tele+d,
n+afre +durh ure yfelan d+ada ne geunrotsige and
on us his graman sette, him is on elcne timan to hyrsumienne
mid +tam godum, +te he us geunnen h+af+d,
+til+as +te he us beyrfewerdige, +d+at is, fram his
eadignesse ascyrie, swa swa f+ader de+t his bearn, +tonne
he him for his gyltum gram bi+d and his +ahta
<P 2>
him ne an, na +t+at an, +t+at he us +ahta bed+ale, ac +t+at
he us, +te him to wuldre fylian nella+t, swa swa egeful
hlaford, mid urum yfelum d+adum gegremed,
to ecum wite ne sylle.
<R 22>
Utan eornestlice on sumne timan astandan +durh haliges
gewrites myngunge, +te +tus cwy+d: Nu is tima, +t+at
we of slepe arisen, +t+at is, +t+at we synna geswicen and
on godum weorcum wacule syn.
<R 28>
mid openre gymenne godcundes andgytes we eac gehyren, hw+at
d+aghwamlice sio godcunde stefn mynga+d and
clypa+d +dus cwe+tende: Gyf ge tod+ag Godes stefne gehyren,
nellen ge elciende eowere heortan ahyrdan;
and eft +tus cwe+t: Se +te hlystes earan hebbe, gehyre
hw+at +t+at haliggast to eallum +tam, +de to Gode
gela+dede syn, cwi+t: Cume ge mine bearn, gehyra+d me; Godes
ege ic eow t+ace; yrna+d and onetta+d, +ta
hwile +de ge lifes leoht habban, +tyl+as +de dea+des +tystra
eow gel+accen.
<R 34>
And drihten on micelre folces menige smea+d and scrutno+d,
hw+at +da feawa syndan, +te his willan wyrcen
willen, and +dus acsiende cwy+t: Hwa is manna, +t+at lifes
wilnige and gode dagas geseon wille?
<R 37>
Gif +tu +tis gehyrende andswarast: ic eom se +te +d+as
wilna+d, God +almihtig +dus to +te cwy+t: Gif +du habban
wille so+d lif and ece, forhafa +tine tungan fram yfelre
spr+ace and +dine welras nan +ding facenlices
ne sprecen; buh fram yfele and wyrc god; sec sibbe and hyre
gefolga.
<P 3>
<R 41>
+denne ge +tus do+d, min ansyn bi+d ofer eow and min hlyst +at
eowrum benum, and +ar ge me to clypian, ic
cwe+te: Efene nu ic eom geara to eowere neode.
<R 43>
Hw+at is lustlicre to gehyrenne +tenne +teos la+tiende Godes
stefn?
<R 45>
Efene nu drihten +durh his mildheortnesse us lifes wegas
anywy+t.
<R 46>
We eornestlice mid cl+annesse modes and lichoman and mid
geleafan and godra weorca biggenge and mid
haligra m+agena h+afene his wegas geornlice faren and
geearnian, +t+at we hine, +te us to +dam wege gela+tode,
on his rice geseon moten.
<R 50>
Nato+t+ashwon his rices eardung bi+d gefaren buton mid gymene
and gehealdsumnesse godra d+ada; ofst and
hradung godra weorca is to +t+am rice weges f+areld.
<R 53>
Ac uten ahsien urne drihten +turh +t+as witegan myndgunge
+tus cwe+tende: Drihten, hwa mot wunigean on
+tinre eardungstowe and hwam is rest geunnen on +tinre halgan
dune?
<R 56>
We gehyra+t +after +disse +ascan drihten andswariendne and
+tone weg his eardunge +tus t+acendne: Se on rihtne
weg f+ar+d to minum rice, +te butan leahtra besmitenesse
wuna+d and rihtwise weorc beg+a+t, and se
+te so+d on his heortan be+denc+d and facenlices nan +ding mid
his mu+te ne clypa+d, and se +te his neahstan
yfeles nan +ding ne dyde, and se +te hosp and edwit on his
neahstan ne sette, and se +te +tone awirigedan
deofol, +alces yfeles lareow fram his heortan awyrp+d
mid ealre his lare and hine for naht tele+d,
and ealle his ge+tohtas and hopan on God beset,
<P 4>
and +ta +te God ondr+eda+t and hy +turh heora godan d+ada
ne anhebba+t, ac drihten, +te +ta god on hi worhte,
weor+dia+t and m+arsia+d, +tus mid +t+am witegan clipiende:
Na us, drihten, na us, ac +tinum naman sele +tu wulder.
<R 69>
swa eac Paulus +turh his m+aran bodunge him sylfan nanes
lofes ne tilade, ac eal +t+at lof Gode bet+ahte,
+te him snytera and wisdom sealde, +dus cwe+tende: +turh
Godes gife ic eom +t+at +t+at ic eom; eft se sylfa
Paulus cwi+t: Se +te wuldrige, wuldrige on God
+almihtigne and no on hine sylfne.
<R 74>
Be +t+am ilican andgyte se h+alend cwi+t on +t+am halgan
godspelle +tus clypiende: Se +te gehyr+t +tas mine
word and hi mid weorcum gefyl+d, ic hine gelicne l+ate wisum
were, +de ofer f+astum stane bytlode; flodas
coman, windas bleowan and +t+at hus swi+dlice gespurnun,
and hit no feol, for+dy +te hit gesta+tolod
w+as ofer f+astum stane.
<R 80>
Ealle god wyrcende and on his halgan gefyllende and
tremegende drihten geanbida+t, hw+a+ter we mid weorcum
his lare gefyllan willen.
<R 82>
For bote urra synna +tises lifes dagas us to fyrste forl+atene
synt, swa cwy+t se apostol: Wast +tu +de
nast, +t+at Godes ge+tyld +te to d+adbote gela+ta+t?
<R 84>
So+dlice mildheort drihten +tus cwy+t: Ne wilnege ic +d+as
synfullan dea+des, ac +t+at he gecyrre and lif
age.
<R 86>
+ta we eornostlice urne drihten ahsedon be +t+am bugendum his
eardungstowe, we gehyrdan hw+at +ta gebodu
synd, +te we +ta eardunge mid geearnian sceolon; mid
gefyllednesse goddere +tenunge we weor+da+t heofena
rices yrfeweardes.
<P 5>
<R 91>
We for+ty heortan and ealne lichoman to gecampe gegearwian and
to hyrsumnesse halgra gebeda.
<R 92>
+t+at we +turh tyddyrnesse mennisces gecyndes +turhteon ne
magon, we urne drihten geornlice bidd+an, +t+at
he us +turh his gife gefultumige to gelaste his geboda.
<R 95>
And gif we hellewites susla forbugan willa+d and to ecum life
cuman, +ta hwile +te we moten and on +tisum
lichoman wunia+d and ealle +tas forsprecenan +ting +durh
lifes lyhtinge gefyllen magon, is to hradienne
and to efstenne +t+at us on ecnesse to life gefyr+drige.
<R 100>
To+ti +tenne ic eornestlice settan wille bysega and bigengas
+tysses drihtenlican +teowdomes.
<R 101>
+teah hwet teartlices hw+athwara sti+dlice on +tisum regule,
+te ures f+aryldes latteow to Criste is, geset
and get+aht sy, for gesceades rihtinge and for synna bote
and so+dere sibbe gehealdsumnesse, ne beo
+tu +turh +ti forht and af+ared, ne +turh yrh+te +dinre
h+ale weg ne forl+at.
<R 106>
+t+as weges ongin, +te to Criste l+at, ne meg beon begunnen
on fruman butan sumre ancsumnysse, ac +ta ge+ting+ta
halegera m+agena and se gewuna +tisse halgan
drohtnunge, +te gede+t leafleoht and ea+te, +t+at +de
+ar earfo+de and ancsumlic +tuhte.
<R 110>
se weg is rum and for+dheald, +te to dea+de and to hellewite
l+at; se is neara and sticol, +te to life
and to heofona rice l+at.
<R 112>
he is us +teah to gefarenne mid rumheortum mode and mid godum
and gl+adum ge+tance and mid gefyllednesse
Godes geboda, swa +t+at we on mynstre +turhwunigen on
Cristes lare
<P 6>
and t+acinge, +t+at we hine geefenl+acende
mid ge+tylde earfe+ta and eahtnesse +tolien, +t+at
we his rices gem+annesse and gefean mid him agan moten.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 9>
<R 1>
[}BE MUNUCA CYNNE.}]
<R 1.1>
Feower synt muneca cyn.
+d+at forme is mynstermonna, +t+at is +tara +te under regule
and abbodes t+acincge on gecampe wunia+d.
<R 1.3>
O+ter cyn is ancrena, +t+at is westensetlena, +te no on niwan
wylme, ac on lancsumere mynsteres drohtnunge
geleornia+d, +t+at hie anstandonde mid Godes fultume
+turh bro+dra getrymnesse ongean deofol and his
fl+asces and ge+tohta leahtras winnan magan.
<R 1.7>
+tridde cyn is muneca ealra atelucost, sylfdemena, +te no on
regules and lareowa t+acinge ne beo+d afandode
swa swa gold on heor+de, ac +after leades gecynde on
costnunge gemylta+d and awaciga+d and on woruld+tingum
ealne heora hiht besetta+d, and swylce hie mid
sceare and munuces hiwe God +almihtigne p+acen.
<R 1.13>
+da wunia+d twam and +trim +atg+adere and hwilon +anlipige,
no on Godes eowode belocene, ac on agenum lustum
beswicene; him is for +a heora idelra gewilnunge lust;
swa hwylc idel swa him to ge+tance yrn+d
and him gecoren bi+d, +t+at hie talia+d halig, and swa hw+at
swa him oflica+d, +teah hit halig sy, hie hit
l+ata+d unalyfed.
<R 1.18>
+t+at feor+de muneca cyn is, +te is widscri+tul gen+amned,
+ta ealle heora liflade geond missenlice +teoda
fara+d and twam and +trim dagum geond missenlicra monna husum
wunia+d, +afre unsta+tolf+aste and woriende,
agenum lustum and heora gitsunge unalyfedlice fylia+d and
hyrsumia+d.
<P 10>
<R 1.23>
on eallum +tingum hie synt wyrsan +t+anne +ta sylfedeman, +te
on anre wununge stilnesse healda+d; be heora
ealra earman drohtunge sel is to swigienne, +tonne embe to
sprecenne.
<R 1.26>
We +tas for+di forl+aten and to +t+am str+acstum mynstermonna
cynne gecyrren and Gode fultumigendum heora
drohtnunge geendebyrden.
<R 2>
[}HWYLC SE ABBOD BEON SCYLE.}]
<R 2.1>
Abbod, +de +d+as wyr+de sy, +t+at he mynsteres wealde, he
sceal a gemunan, hw+at he gecweden is, and +t+as
ealdorscipes noman mid d+adum gefyllan.
<R 2.3>
Cristes gespelia he is and his note and spelinge on mynstre
healt; he for+ti his agenum naman geciged
is, gese+dendum apostole and +tus cwe+dendum: Ge onfengon
bearna gewiscinge gast, on +t+am we clypia+d
abba, +t+at is f+ader.
<R 2.8>
And hit for+di n+afre ne geweor+te, +t+at abbod +anig +ting
l+are o+t+te gesette o+d+te hate, butan Godes bebode;
ac his h+as and lar, +t+asma godcundre rihtwisnesse, on
his under+teoddera modum sy symble geondstregd;
sy he a gemyndig, +t+at mycel smeauncg bi+d on +t+am
egefullum Godes dome, +ag+der ge ymbe his lare,
ge ymbe his under+teoddra hyrsumnesse.
<R 2.13>
Wite he
<P 11>
eac, +t+at he bi+d gewitnod swa swa gymeleas
hyrde, gif se hyredes ealdor, +t+at is drihten,
to lytele note and nytwyr+dnesse on his heorde angyt.
<R 2.16>
And he eft +at +tam dome freo and carleas bi+d, gif he mid
ealre gymene +ta ungehyrsuman heorde gehylt
and his seocum, +t+at is synfullum d+adum ealle lacnunge
gegearewade, +tus mid +t+am witegan cwe+tende: +tine
rihtwisnesse, drihten, ic on minre heortan ne bediglode,
so+df+astnesse +tine and halwendnesse ic
ges+ade, hy +teah forhogiende me forsawon, +durh +ty +tonne
wite and dea+d ricsa+d on +ta ungehyrsuman heorde his gymene.
<R 2.24>
Eornostlice, se +te +tone m+aran noman abbodes underfeh+d,
he sceal mid twyfealdre lare +ta wyldan and
tyn, +te him under+teodde synt, +t+at is +t+at he +alc god
and halignesse mid godum d+adum swi+dor t+ace, +tonne
mid worda lare, +t+at +ta andgytfullan mid worda lare to
Godes willan gemyngode syn and +ta unandgytfullan
mid godum d+adum getrymede and anbryrde hine geefenl+acen.
<R 2.30>
Eal +t+at he forbeode and his gingrum l+a+te, he +t+at no mid
weorce ne gefremme; gif he +tonne wel l+ar+d and
yfele mid weorce bysena+d, he bi+d for+tearlice aworpen,
and drihten +turh his witigan to him synfullum
+tus clypa+d:
<P 12>
Hwy cwyst +tu mine rihtwisnesse and hwy
nimest +tu mine beboda on +tinne mu+d?
<R 2.35>
+tu so+dlice hatodest rihte lare and awurpe mine word
wi+d+aftan +te.
<R 2.36>
+tu gesawe gehw+ade mot on +tines bro+dor eage and ne gesawe
+tone m+astam cyp on +tinum agenum eagan.
<R 2.38>
+t+at is on andgite: +tu asceonudest +ta l+astan gyltas on
+tine gingran and +ta m+astan noldest on +te sylfne.
<R 2.40>
Ne sie fram abbode hada toscead on mynstre gehealden, +t+at
is ne sy nan fram him geweor+dad for gebyrdum
o+d+te for ylde o+t+te for +anigum o+trum +tingum, butan
for Godes ege anum and for so+tes wisdomes gesceade.
<R 2.43>
Ne sceal he n+anne swi+dor lufian +tonne o+terne, butan he
hwylcne on godum d+adum and on hyrsumnesse beteran
ongyte; ne sceal he +tone +a+telborenan settan beforan
+tane +teowborenan, gif se +teowborena +ar on
+t+am mynstre w+as, butan he for hwylcum gesceade hit do,
+t+at is, gif se +a+telborena mid godcundum cr+afte
+tone un+a+telborenan ofer+tyh+d, sy he gemedemad
fur+dur be his geearnungum +tonne se un+a+telborena.
<R 2.50>
na be gebyrdum anum +tis is to healdenne, ac be ealles
mynstres endebyrdnesse, +t+at se sy fur+tor forl+aten
on stealle and on setle, se +te fur+dor on geearnunge
for Gode sy.
<R 2.53>
sy swylcera gebyrda o+t+te gecyrrednesse swylce he sy, butan
hwylc +tonne o+terne mid geearnunge ofer+teo,
<P 13>
sy he gemedemad on stede and on setle, swa swa his
gecerrednes sy, for +ton ge +teow ge freoh, ealle
we synd an Criste an.
<R 2.57>
and under anum Gode gelicne +teowdom we underfengon, for+dan
+te mid Gode nis anfangennes nanra hada,
+t+at is nanes riceteres, ne ylde, butan geearnunge anre.
<R 2.59>
Ealle he sceal gelice lufian his under+teoddan, and eallum
him sceal beon an steor and an lar, +after
heora geearnunga anddyfene.
<R 2.62>
Abbud sceal symle on his lare healdan +tone apostolican cwide,
on +dam he cw+a+t: +trea and witna and halsa
and cid; he sceal mencgan +ta re+dnesse wi+d +ta
li+dnesse.
he sceal gedon, +t+at his re+dnes ateowe f+aderlice and
arf+aste lufe, +t+at is, +ta unstillan and +ta heordheortan
he sceal +treagean, and +ta gehyrsuman and +ta
mildan and +ta ge+tyldigan he sceal witnian and
halsian, +t+at hy bet and bet don, and +ta gymeleasan and +ta
oferhogiendan he sceal +ag+der ge mid wordum,
ge mid d+adum +treagan.
<R 2.70>
Ne sceal he hit no yldan and hiwian, swilce hit him uncu+d sy,
ac sona swa he hw+at unrihtes ongyte,
he hit sceal sona mid ealle him framadon; he sceal ge+tencean
+t+as sacerdes frecednesse Eli of Silo.
<R 2.73>
+tam godum, gif hy hw+at misdo+d, he sceal mid wordum styran,
and +t+am +tweortymum mid swingellum and mid
licumlicre cl+ansunge; he sceal ge+tencean +t+at hit is
awriten: +dam dysegan ne m+ag mon na mid wordum
gestyran,
<P 14>
and eft on o+tre stowe: Sleah +tine sunu mid
gyrde, +tonne alyst +tu his saule from dea+de.
<R 2.79>
Se abbod sceal simle gemunan, +t+at hit awriten is, +t+am +te
bi+d mare bef+ast, from +t+am eac mare bi+d abeden.
<R 2.80>
He sceal ge+tencan, +t+at he swi+de une+telice wisan
underfeh+d, +t+at is, +t+at he sceal r+adan and racian o+tra
manna saulum, sumum mid ol+acungum, sumum mid +treaungum,
sumum mid lare, no +t+at an, +t+at he sceole
symle gyrnan, +t+at he him +t+as bef+asten eowdes nanne
+afwirdlan n+abbe, ac eac +t+at he mage gefeon be
+t+am w+astme heora godra weorca.
<R 2.87>
Ne sceal him na lytel +tincean, se underfeng saula
reccendomes, +tara he sceal ealra riht agyldan on
domesd+age.
<R 2.88>
Ne sceal he syfian ne m+anan ymb woruldspeda, for+t+am hit is
awriten: Seca+d +arest Godes rice and his
rihtwisnesse, he eow gife+t eal, +t+at ge be+turfan; and eft
hit is awriten: Ne bi+d nan wana, +tam +te
God on riht ondr+ada+d.
<R 2.92>
Wite eac se abbod, +t+at se +te onfeh+d saula to r+acc+anne,
he gearwa+d hine selfne to dome on +t+am dome on
domesd+age, and +t+ar he sceal riht agyldan for ealle +ta
+te he onfeng, and eac for his agene saule.
<P 15>
<R 3>
[}BE +DY +DE MON EAL GEFERE ON HEALECUM GE+DEAHTE GELA+DIGE.}]
<R 3.1>
Swa oft swa +anig +ding healices on mynstre to donne sy,
gela+dige se abbod eal +t+at gefere and secge
eallum, embe hw+at neoda to smeagenne sy.
<R 3.3>
And heora ealra ge+teaht gehyrende smeage on his agenum
ge+tance and +t+at do, +t+at him selost +tince.
<R 3.5>
For+ti +tonne we eal gefere to ge+teahte gela+dian heton,
for+di +te oft God +tan ginstum anwryh+d, hw+at selost
sy to healdenne.
<R 3.8>
+teahtigen +t+anne +ta bro+tru and swa r+ad syllen mid ealre
eadmodnesse and under+teodnesse, +t+at nan ne gedyrstl+ace
mid anwilnesse his agenne r+ad to bewerigenne, ac
stande eal seo ge+teahtung on +t+as abbodes
dome, and do +t+at him selost and halwendost +tince, and hie
ealle gem+anelice him to +t+am hyren geornlice.
<R 3.13>
Ac ealswa hit gerise+d, +t+at +ta geongran +tam yldrum hyren,
swa eac gerise+t, +t+at se ealdor, +t+at is se
abbud, swi+de rihtlice and fore+tanclice eal gestyhtige and
gesette, +t+at him gem+ane bi+d.
<R 3.17>
On +alcum +tingum hie sceolon habban +tone regol to lareowe,
and no of +t+am abugan +turh +anige gedyrstignesse; ne
<P 16>
sceal nan mon on mynstre girnan, +t+at he his agenum
willan folgie.
<R 3.20>
Ne eac sceal nan mon ge+tristl+acan, +t+at he aht sti+tlices
spr+ace ongean his abbod, nau+ter ne binnan mynstre
ne butan; gif hit hwa de+t, +tonne sceal he underhnigan
+t+are steore regollicre lare.
<R 3.23>
Wite se abbod +teah, eal +t+at he do, +t+at he hit do mid
Godes ege and gehealdsumnesse +t+as regoles, for+d+am
+te butan tweon he sceal ealra his doma riht agyldan
beforan +t+am rihtwisan deman on domesd+age.
<R 3.27>
Gif +tonne hwylc l+asse +ting sie to smeagenne, +tonne h+abbe
he +tara yldestra manna ge+teaht, for+d+am hit
is awriten: Eall +t+at +tu do, do hit mid ge+teahte, +tonne
ne gehreowe+d hit +te na.
<R 4>
[}BE GODDRA WEORCA TOLUM.}]
<R 4.1>
+arest mon sceal God lufian of ealre heortan and of eallum
mode and of eallum m+agene, and +after +ton
his nyhstan, swa swa hine sylfne.
<R 4.4>
Ne sceal mon manslean, ne on unriht h+aman, ne stelan, ne
unalyfedlice gelustfullian, ne leasunga secgan,
ac +alcne man mon sceal arweor+dian, and ne sceal nan
mon don o+trum, +t+at he nelle, +t+at him mon
do.
<R 4.7>
Mon sceal his agnum lustum wi+dsacan and folgian Cristes lare;
his lichoman gehwa sceal cl+ansian, +t+at
is mid forh+afdnesse wyldan; estmettas no to
<P 17>
gr+adiglice mon ne sceal lufian, ac f+asten mon sceal
lufian.
<R 4.11>
Earme mon sceal hyrtan and nacode scrydan; untrume neosian and
deade bebyrgean; geswenctum helpan and sariendne frefrian.
<R 4.13>
And fram weoruldwilnungum hine sceal gehwa fremdian and nan
+ting beforan Cristes lufe settan.
<R 4.14>
Yrre ne sceal mon fulfremman; yrsunge tidelice sceal mon
gehealdan; facn ne sceal mon on heortan gehabban;
lease sibbe ne sceal mon syllan; so+te lufe ne sceal
mon forl+atan.
<R 4.17>
Swerian ne sceal mon, +tyl+as mon forswerige; so+df+astnesse
of heortan and of mu+de mon sceal simle for+dbringan.
<R 4.19>
Ne sceal mon yfel mid yfele gyldan, ne nanum men n+anne
teonan ne don, ac +tonne him mon yfel do, he
sceal ge+tyldelice ar+afnian; his fynd mon sceal lufian for
Godes lufan; +ta wergendan ne sceal mon
na ongeanwerian, ac ma bletsian; ehtnesse for rihte mon sceal
ea+dmodlice ge+tolian.
<R 4.24>
Ne sceal mon beon ofermod, ne druncengeorn, ne ofer+ate, ne
toslapol, ne slaw, ne gnorniende, ne t+alende.
<R 4.25>
Ac ealne his tohopan he sceal habban on God; +donne he hw+at
godes de+t, +tonne sceal he +t+at eal tellan
to Gode, and +tonne he hw+at yfeles de+t, he sceal witan,
+t+at +t+at cym+d of him sylfum.
<R 4.29>
Domesd+ag he sceal simle ge+t+ancean, and hellewitu he him
sceal a ondr+adan, and +t+as ecean lifes he sceal
mid ealre geornfulnesse girnan, and +alce d+age he him
sceal dea+des wenan.
<R 4.32>
His weorca he sceal giman on +alce tide, +t+at +ta gode sien,
<P 18>
and he sceal ge+tencan, +t+at he nahwer Gode
dygle ne bi+d, ac he hine +aghw+ar gesih+t; +ta yflan
ge+tohtas, +te him on mod becuma+d, he sceal sona on
Criste toslean and his gastlican lareowe andedtan.
<R 4.36>
+donne he hie toslyh+d on Criste, +tonne he ge+dence+d Cristes
+trowunge and his wundra and mid +t+am ge+tohtum
aflyme+d +ta yfelam ge+tohtas.
<R 4.38>
His mu+d he sceal from +alcum +tweoran and yflum wordum
gehealdan; ne sceal he fela sprecan, ne idele
word ne leahtorbere; ne hleahter ne sceal he lufian.
<R 4.41>
Halige r+adan he sceal lustlice gehyran and gelome on gebedum
beon; his for+dgewitenan yfelu he sceal
d+aghwamlice mid tearum Gode andettan and hie georne betan.
<R 4.44>
Ne sceal he his lichoman luste folgian; his agenne willan he
sceal onscunian, and his abbodes bebodum
on eallum +tingum he sceal hyran, +teah hit sy, swa swa
hit ne gedafena+d, +t+at he wyrs do, +tonne he l+are.
<R 4.47>
hie sceolan gemunan +tone drihtenlican cwide, on +d+am he
cw+a+t: +t+at +t+at hie eow secgan, do ge +t+at, and
+t+at +t+at hie don, ne don ge +t+at.
<R 4.49>
Ne sy nan lofgeorn, ne wilnigende, +t+at his d+ada halige
ges+ade sien, +ar hie halige weor+dan, ac hicge,
+t+at hit mid so+de ges+ad beon m+age; he sceal Godes
bebodu d+aghwamlice mid godum d+adum gefyllan and
his cl+annesse lufian; ne sceal he n+anne mon hatigan; ne
sceal he andan and +afest healdan, ne geflit lufian.
<R 4.55>
he sceal upahefednesse forfleon and his ealderas weor+dian
and his geongran lufian; for Godes lufan
for heora fynd hie sceolan
<P 19>
gebiddan; +ar sunnan setlgange hie
sceolan to sibbe fon wi+t +ta unge+tw+aran;
and he n+afre ne geortreowe be Godes mildse.
<R 4.59>
Efne nu +tis synd gastlices cr+aftes tol and gebytla; +d+anne
hie from us d+ages and nihtes unablinnendlice
beo+t gefyllede and on domesd+age eft bet+ahte, seo med
us bi+d from drihtne agolden, +te he sylfa
behet, +t+at is: +t+at m+annisc eage for hire m+ar+de
micelnesse geseon ne mihte, ne mannes eare gehyran,
ne on mannes heortan ne astah, +de God +almihtig gegearwa+d
eallum +tam, +te hine lufia+d.
<R 4.65>
On mynstres claustre geferr+adene sta+tolf+astnes ealle +tas
+tenunge began sceal and geornfullice wyrcean.
<R 5>
[}BE HYRSUMNESSE.}]
<R 5.1>
+d+are forman ea+dmodnesse stepe is hyrsumnes butan elcunge.
<R 5.2>
Seo gedafena+d +t+am +te nan +ting him leofre ne l+ata+d,
+tonne Crist +almihtigne.
<R 5.3>
+ta hie bega+d for heora halgan +teowdomes behate, o+t+te for
hellewites ogan, o+d+de for +d+as ecan lifes
wuldre.
<R 5.5>
Sona swa heom +anig +ting fram heora ealdre geboden bi+d, hi
+t+at butan elcunge mid weorce gefremma+d, swylce
hit fram Gode sylfum geboden sy.
<R 5.7>
Be swilcum drihten +tus cwy+d: Of eares hlyste he hyrsumode
me.
<R 5.8>
Eft he to lareowum +tus cwi+d: Se +te eow gehyr+d, he gehyr+d
me, and se +te eow mishyr+d, he mishyr+d me.
<P 20>
<R 5.11>
Eornostlice, +ta +te +tyllice synt, sona swa him hw+at beboden
bi+d, heora agenne willan aweorpa+d and swa
hwilce bysiga, swa hy on handa h+afdan, unfulworhte l+ata+d
and mid hwatum hyrsumnesse fet +t+as beodendan
stefne mid weorce gefolgia+d, and swilce on are
berhthwile seo fores+ade +t+as lareowes h+as and
+ta fulfremedan +t+as l+arincmannes weorc mid Godes eges
cafscipe gem+anelice butu +ta +ting beo+d gefyllede.
<R 5.18>
On swylcum wuna+d seo lufu +t+as f+areldes to ecum life,
for+di +tonne hi +t+ane ancsuman weg geceosa+d, be
+t+am se h+alend cwy+d: Ancsum and neara is se weg, +te to
life l+at, +t+at is, +t+at he be his agenum dome
ne libbe, ne he agenum lustum ne hyrsumige, ac be fremedum
dome and h+ase donde sy, on mynstre wunigende,
+t+at abbod his wealde and t+ace, a gewilnige.
<R 5.24>
Buton tweon, +ta +te +tilice beo+d, hi geefenl+aca+d +tone
cwide, +te drihten be him sylfum +tus cw+a+t: Ne com
ic to+ti, +t+at ic minne agenne willan worhte, ac +t+as,
+te me hider s+ande.
<R 5.27>
+deos sylfe hyrsumnes bi+d Gode antfenge and mannum lufteme,
gif +t+at gebodene bi+d gefremed unforhtlice
and unsleaclice and unasolcenlice and butan ceorunge and
butan nellendes andsware; seo hyrsumnes
to so+de, +te bi+d +t+am ealdrum gegearwod, heo bi+d Gode
gedon; he so+dlice sylf +tus cw+a+t: Se +te eow gehyr+d,
he gehyr+d me.
<R 5.32>
And mid godum mode and gl+adum ge+tance +ta
under+teoddan leorneras heora ealdrum hyran sceolan,
for+di butan tweon +t+ane gl+adan hyran God lufa+d and +tone
unrotan hata+t.
<R 5.35>
witodlice, +teah hwylc leorninccniht his ealdres
<P 21>
gebodu mid weorce gefremme, gif he hit mid mu+de beceora+d
o+t+te mid mode besarga+d, ne bi+d hit +teah Gode
andfenge, +te +alces mannes heortan +turhsyh+d, ac
for swylcere d+ade he nane mede +at Gode ne onfeh+d, ac gyt ma
on ecum wite mid +tam murcnerum, +te Gode
mishyrdon, bi+d geset, butan he mid fulre d+adbote his
unge+tanc gebete.
<R 6>
[}BE SWIGAN.}]
<R 6.1>
Utan don swa swa se witega mynga+d, +tus cwe+dende: Ic
cw+a+t, +t+at ic beheolde mine wegas, +t+at ic ne gylte
+turh mine tungan; ic gesette minum mu+te heordnesse; ic
adumbade and an godum clypungum gestilde.
<R 6.4>
Mid +tissum wordum se halga witega gesweotula+d, +t+at we
sceolan idelra worda for synna wite geswigian:
+tonne he for swigan m+agene foroft godra clypunge geswac,
eornostlice mon sceal idelra worda geswican.
<R 6.8>
+teah fulfremedum leornerum for swigean hefignesse seldhw+anne
leaf geseald sie to sprecenne ymbe halige
spr+aca and ymbe +t+are saule getimbrunge, for+di hit
+tus awriten is on halgum bocum: On m+anigfealdre
spr+ace ne bi+d syn forbogen; and eft is awriten: Dea+d
and lif on +t+are tungan handa.
<R 6.13>
So+tlice +t+am lareowe gedafena+d, +t+at he sprece and t+ace,
+tam leornere gerist, +t+at he swigie and gehyre.
<R 6.14>
For+ti
<P 22>
+tonne gif hw+at to ahsienne sy fram +tam ealdre,
+t+at sy geahsod mid ealre ea+dmodnesse and under+teodnesse
willa and micelre arweor+dnesse.
<R 6.17>
Ne he on +dam fur+tor ne sprece, +tonne hit framige;
gegafspr+ace and idele word and +ta word, +te leahter
astyrien, ecum loce on eallum stowum we geneo+teria+d and
forbeoda+t, and to swylcere spr+ace nan leornere
his mu+d n+afre mid minre leafe ne ontyne.
<R 7>
[}BE EA+DMODNESSE.}]
<R 7.1>
Godcund gewrit us to ea+dmodnesse mynga+d +tus clypiende:
+alc +te hine anhef+d, he bi+d geneo+terad, and
+alc +te hine mid ea+dmodnesse geneo+tera+d, he bi+d mid
weor+dmynte onhafen.
<R 7.4>
+turh +tas clypunge is gesweotolad, +t+at +alc upahafednes
asprinc+d of modignesse cynrene; wi+d +tone un+teaw
hine bewarode se witega, +tus cwe+tende: Drihten, nis min
heorte onhafen, ne mine eagan upabrodene,
ne ic ne ferde on m+ar+dum, ne wundorlice mid getote ne
bode.
<R 7.8>
Ac hw+at +tonne, gif ic ea+dmodlice me sylfne ne understode,
ac min mod on modignesse anhofe?
<R 7.10>
Agyld +tu me, drihten, mid biternesse lean, swa swa modor de+t
hyre bearne, +tonne hio hit fram hire breosta gesoce wene+t.
<P 23>
<R 7.13>
For+di +tonne gif we +tone hrof +t+are healican ea+dmodnesse
getillan willa+d and to +d+are heofonlican anhefednesse,
+te mid +tises andweardes lifes ea+dmodnesse bi+d
gestigen, caflice cuman +tenca+d, seo hl+adder
is urum d+adum to ar+arenne, +te Jacobe on swefne wear+d
anywed, +turh +da him w+aron gesweotolade +ag+der
ge upstigende englas ge ni+terstigende.
<R 7.18>
Nis butan tweon to understandenne se upstige and se
ni+terstige on nane o+tere wisan, butan +t+at heofona
rices upstige mid eadmodnesse geearnod bi+d and mid
ofermettum forwyrht.
<R 7.21>
Seo ar+arede hl+adder tacna+d ure lif on +disse weorulde,
+d+at bi+d mid ea+dmodre heortan +turh drihten ar+ared
to heofonum; +t+are hl+adre sidan tacnia+d lichoman and
saule; on +d+am twam sidum, +t+at is on saule and
on lichoman, missenlice st+apas ea+dmodnesse and
+teawf+astnesse sio godcunde gela+dung to +d+am upstige
gef+astnode.
<R 7.27>
[}BE +DAM TWELF ST+APUM EALRE EA+DMODNESSE.}]
<R 7.28>
+d+are forman ea+dmodnysse st+ape is, +t+at gehwa Godes ege
h+abbe and +atforan his eagena gesyh+de singallice
sette
<P 24>
and ne sy ofergyttol, ac a gemyndig ealra +tara
+tinga, +te ure drihten bebead.
<R 7.31>
sy he eac gemyndig, hu +da for hiora synnum on helle
behreosa+d, +te his beboda forseo+d, eac swylce wealce
a on his mode embe +t+at ece lif, +te God gegearwod
h+af+d eallum +t+am, +te hine andr+ada+d.
<R 7.35>
And +tus smeagende gehealde he on +alcne timan fram his
synnum and leahtrum, +ag+ter ge ge+tohta, ge spr+ace,
ge gesyh+te, and fram eallum yfelum d+adum mid ofste
his agene lustas and his fl+asces gewilnunga
gewanige; wite manna gehwylc, +t+at he bi+d a gesewen fram
drihtne of heofonum on +alcne timan.
<R 7.40>
On +alcere stowe his d+ada beo+d gesewene fram godcundre
gesyh+te and on +alcne timan fram englum gebodode;
+t+at God on urum ge+tohtum andwearde is, se witega
gesweotela+d +tus cwe+tende: God asmea+d +ag+der ge
manna heortan ge +addran; eft he cwe+d: God cann manna
ge+tohtas; eft he cwy+d: Drihten, +tu angete mine
ge+tohtas feorrene, and: Mannes ge+tanc ge geandet.
<R 7.46>
To+ti +t+at he carful sy ymbe his +tweoran ge+tohtas, simle se
nytwyr+da bro+dor +tus mid his heortan clypige:
+tonne ic beo unwemmed beforan Gode, gif ic me gehealde
fram minre unrihtwisnesse.
<R 7.50>
Ure agen willa us is forboden, +tonne halig gewrit +tus
clypa+t: Gecyr +tu fram +tinum lustum; eft on
gebede we
<P 25>
halsia+d urne drihten, +t+at his willa on us gewunige.
<R 7.52>
Eornostlice we synt gel+arede be geweorhtan, +t+at we be
agenum willan ne wyrcen, +tonne we +t+at bewarnia+d,
+t+at halig gewrit, +te +tus clypa+d: Sume wegas syndan,
+te mannum syn rihte ge+tuhte, +tara +ande +teah
besenc+d on helle grunde.
<R 7.56>
we us eft andr+ada+d +turh +t+at halige gewrit, +te +tus
clypa+d: Hy synt gewemmede and ands+ate gewordene
on heora agenum lustum.
<R 7.59>
Wite we eac to so+de, +t+at drihten a bi+d andweard on urum
fl+aslicum lustum and him ures anginnes nan
+ding digle ne bi+d; +d+at gesweotela+d se witega, +tus to
Gode clypiende: Beforan +te is, drihten, eall
min gewilnung.
<R 7.62>
Be +tam halig gewrit mona+d, +tus cwe+tende: Ne far +du +after
+tinum lustum.
<R 7.64>
Eornostlice, nu Godes gesyh+da behealda+d +ag+der ge gode ge
yfele, and drihten of heofonum symle behylt
ofer manna bearn, +t+at he geseo hw+a+ter heora +anig
andgyttol sy and God secende, and nu fram +tam englum
us bet+ahtum ure weorc d+ages and nihtes drihtne, urum
scyppendum, beo+d gebodude, us is miclom
to warnienne, leofe gebro+tra, swa hit on +tam salmum awriten
is, +tyl+as +te God on +anigne timan us geseo
bugende to yfele and to nahte gehweorfan, and us +teah on
+tisne timan arige, for+dan +te he milde
is and geanbida+d, +t+at we to beteran
<P 26>
gecyrren, +t+at he us eft ne afyrre on +tam toweardum, 
+tus cwe+dende: +tis ge dydon, and ic swigode.
<R 7.75>
[}BE +DAM O+DRAN EADMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.76>
O+der eadmodnesse st+ape is, +t+at hwa his agenne willan ne
lufige, ne his agenum lustum ne fylige, ac
mid d+adum ures drihtnes stefne geefenl+ace, +te +tus be him
sylfum cwy+d: Ne com ic to+ty, +t+at ic minne
willan worhte, ac +t+as +te me hider as+ande, +t+at is mines
heofonlican f+ader.
<R 7.80>
and eft is gecweden: Lust h+af+d wite and nead wuldorbeah
gegearwa+d, +t+at is +t+at hwa hine sylfne to Gode
nyde and his agene lustas aweorpe.
<R 7.83>
[}BE +DAM +DRIDDAN EADMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.84>
+dridde ea+dmodnesse st+ape is, +t+at gehwylc for Godes lufan
hine sylfne mid ealre ea+dmodnesse his ealdrum
under+teode, urne drihten geefenl+acende, be him se
apostol +tus cwi+d: He wear+d gehyrsum to+ti, +t+at
he willes dea+d +trowade.
<R 7.88>
[}BE +DAM FEOR+DAN EADMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.89>
Feor+da st+ape ea+dmodnesse is, gif he on +t+are sylfan
hyrsumnesse +tolemod bi+d on heardum and on wi+terweardum
<P 27>
+tingum and on gehwylcum teonr+adennum ge+tyld lufige
and ne awacige, na ne his sta+tel ne l+atende
fram Gode ne buge.
<R 7.92>
be +tissum halig gewrit +tus mynga+d: Se +de +turhwuna+d o+t
ende, he bi+d gehealden; eft is gecweden on haligum
gewrite: Si gestrangod +tin heorte and for+tyldiga
+tinne drihten, +t+at is, +tola eall, +t+at God
be +te ge+tafa+d.
<R 7.96>
And eft is onywed, +t+at +ta getreowfullan for Godes ege ealle
lifes wi+derweardnesse for+tyldigian scylun,
be hiora +tolemodnesse is +tus awriten: For +te, drihten,
we synd ealne d+ag to dea+te gew+ahte; we synd
to dea+te getealde swa swa sceap to gesnide.
<R 7.100>
hie +teah orsorge be +tam tohopan +t+as godcundan edleanes,
+tus +afterfylgendlice mid blisse clypia+d: We
oferswi+dredon on +tysum eallum +turh +tone +te us lufode,
+t+at is drihten; eft be +t+are ylecan +tolemodnesse
on halegum gewritum is +tus gecweden: Drihten, +tu
fandodest ure; +tu ameredest us on fyres fandunge,
swa swa seolfor on fyre amered bi+d; +du us bel+addest
on grin, +tu gesettest gedrefednessa on urum b+acum.
<R 7.107>
eft +t+at ilce halige gewrit for+don geswutela+d, +t+at we
under ealdra gymene beon scylen, +tus cwe+dende:
+tu settest men ofer ure heafda, +t+at is ealdras, +te us
gewyldon.
<R 7.110>
Ge eac +turh Godes gebod earfe+ta and teonr+adena mid
ge+tylde forbera+d, +t+as halgan godspelles cwide gefyllende,
+te +tus cleopa+d: +tonne +tu geslegen sie on
<P 28>
an gewenge, w+and +t+at o+der to; +dam +te +tine tunecan
+te ben+ame, l+at +tinne w+afels to; geneadod to anre mile
gange, gang willes twa.
<R 7.115>
+d+at is on andgite: Se went o+ter hleor to sleandum, se +te
god de+t +t+am, +te him yfeles u+te, se +te bletsa+d
+t+ane, +te hine wyrigde, he l+at +ta hacelan to +t+am,
+te hine tunecan ben+ambe, se g+a+t sylfwilles twa
mila, to anre geneadod, +tonne he bi+d oferswi+ded fram +tam
yfelan, he gew+ant +tane yfelan to gode.
<R 7.120>
se +te +tyllic bi+d, butan tweon he de+d, swa swa Paulus
cw+a+t, +t+at is, ge+tyldelice lease gebro+dru forbyr+d
and eahtnesse for rihtwisnesse +tola+d and +ta bletsa+d,
+te hine wyrigdon.
<R 7.123>
[}BE +DAM FIFTAN EA+DMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.124>
Se fifta st+ape ea+dmodnesse is, gif he +turh ea+dmodre
andetnesse his abbode ne digla+d ealle +ta ge+dohtas,
+te his heortan cumende and +ta yfelu, +te on diglan fram
him +turhtogene synd.
<R 7.127>
Be +tam us halig gewrit mynga+d, +tus cwe+tende: Onwreoh
drihtne +tinne weg, +t+at is +tine d+ade, and hyht
on hine; and eft hit cwi+d: Andetta+d drihtne, for+tan +te he
is god, for+tan +te his mildheortnes is on
ecnesse.
<R 7.130>
and eft cwi+d se witega: Minne gylt ic gecydde +te and mine
unrihtwisnesse ic ne bediglode; ic gecw+a+d,
ic bodige ongean me mine unrihtwisnesse drihtne, and +tu
forgeafe +ta arleasnesse minre heortan.
<P 29>
<R 7.134>
[}BE +DAM SYXTAN EA+DMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.135>
Se syxta st+ape eadmodnesse is, gif munuc ea+dhylde bi+d and
ge+t+af, +teah hine man wacne and unweor+dne
talige and an uteweardum forl+ate and to uteweardum medemige.
<R 7.137>
on eallum bet+ahtum notum hine sylfne mid his mode wacne
wyrhtan talige and unweor+dne and +tus mittan
witegan clypige: To nahte ic w+as gehworfen, and ic hit
nyste; ic eom geworden swilce nyten mid +te,
and ic +teah simle mid +te.
<R 7.142>
[}BE +DAM SEOFO+DAN EA+DMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.143>
Se seofe+da st+ape ea+dmodnesse is, gif munuc hine sylfne
yttran and unweor+dran tala+d +tonne +anigne o+terne;
he hine sylfne geea+dmede and +tus mid +tam witegan
cwede: Ic so+dlice eom wyrm and no man, manna
hosp and folces +awyrp.
<R 7.147>
Anhafen ic w+as, geny+terod and gescend; and eft: God me is,
+t+at +tu me geny+teradest, +t+at ic leornige
+tine bebode.
<R 7.149>
[}BE +DAM EHTE+DAN EA+DMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.150>
Se eahteo+da st+ape ea+dmodnesse is, gif se munuc nan +ting
ne de+t, butan +t+at se gem+ana mynstres regol
t+ac+d, o+t+te +t+at +ta bysena heah+tungenra l+ara+d.
<P 30>
<R 7.153>
[}BE +DAM NIGE+DAN EA+DMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.154>
Se nyge+da st+ape ea+dmodnesse is, gif munuc his tungan fram
spr+ace forh+af+d and swigean healdende ne
sprece, o+d +t+at he geahsod sy, be +tam halig gewrit +tus
gesweotola+d: On m+anigfealdre spr+ace ne bi+d syn
forbogen, and se ofersprecola wer ne +tyh+d ofer eor+dan.
<R 7.159>
[}BE +DAM TEO+DAN EA+DMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.160>
Se teo+da ea+dmodnesse st+ape is, gif se munuc ne bi+d
galsm+are and ea+de and hr+ad on hlehtre, for+ty hit
is awriten: Se stunta on lehtre his stefne geufera+d.
<R 7.163>
[}BE +DAM ENDLYFTAN EADMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.164>
Se endlyfta eadmodnesse st+ape is, +t+anne se munuc spr+ace,
li+telice butan hlehtre and ea+dmodlice mid
gest+a+t+tignesse feawa word and gesceadwise clypige, and he
ne sy oferhlyde on stefne, swa hit awriten
is: Se +te wita is, mid feaum wordum geswytela+d.
<P 31>
<R 7.169>
[}BE +DAM TWELFTAN EADMODNESSE ST+APE.}]
<R 7.180>
Se twelfta st+ape ea+dmodnesse is, gif munuc inne on his
heortan ea+dmod bi+d and na +t+at an, ac eac swylce
utene mid his lichoman ea+dmodnesse eallum +tam, +te him
onlocia+d, simle gebycnige, +t+at sy +aghw+ar,
ge on weorce, ge on gebedhuse, ge innan mynstre, ge on
wyrtgearde, ge on fare, ge on +acere and
swa hw+ar swa he sy sittende, standende, o+d+te gangende,
onhnigenum heafde simle his gesyh+da aduna on
eor+dan besette.
<R 7.187>
And hine sylfne on +alcne timan scyldigne for his synnum
talige, swylce he +t+anne geo to +tam egefullan
Godes dome geandweardod beon scyle.
<R 7.189>
cwe+te a mid his ge+tance, +t+at se manfulla besettum eagum
on eor+dan gecw+a+t, +tonne +t+at halige godspel
here+d be +tam, +te he hine sylfne scyldigne and forwyrhtne
gecneow and +tus geomriende clypude: Drihten,
ne eom ic wyr+de, ic synfulla, +t+at ic mine eagan to
heofenum ahebbe.
<R 7.194>
Uton eft +tus cwe+dan [{mid{] +tam witegan: Ic eom gebiged
+aghw+ar and geny+terad.
<R 7.196>
Eornostlice, si+d+dan se munuc ealle +tisse ea+dmodnesse
st+apas gestih+t, he cym+d sona to +t+are so+dan
Godes lufe, +turh +ta lufe he bi+d ascyred fram hellewites
ogan; +turh +ta lufe he
<P 32>
begin+d to healdenne swylce gecyndelice and gewunlice,
+te he +ar butan miclan ege healdan ne mihte; he gehylt
+ta gewunlican god haligre drohtnunge, na for hellewites ege,
ac for Godes lufe anre and haligra m+agena luste.
<R 7.202>
+da drihten on sumne timan +turh haligne gast gesweotela+d on
his wyrhtan, +te cl+ane is fram leahtrum and synnum.
<R 8>
[}BE GODCUNDUM +DENUNGUM ON NIHTLICUM TIDUM.}]
<R 8.1>
On wintres timan, +t+at is fram +tan anginne +t+as mon+des,
+te is nouember gehaten, o+t eastran, +after gesceades
foresceawunge, on +t+are eahte+tan tide +t+are nihte
is to arisenne, +t+at +ta munecas hw+athwara fur+tor
restan +tonne healfe niht, +t+at seo d+ages +tigen
tofered sy on +t+are nihtelicam reste and seo h+ate
+t+are +tigene oferslegen and se maga gelyht, +t+at he +te
ea+d his w+accean healdan m+age.
<R 8.7>
+d+at +t+are nihte to lafe sie +after +tam uhtsange, +t+at se
genotod mid sealmsange and mid leornunge gastlicra
cr+afta buton sl+ape.
<R 8.10>
From eastron o+d +da fores+adan (\kalendas nouembris\) sy se
+arest +t+as uhtsanges swa gemetegad, +t+at lytel
f+ac gehealden sy betwyh +t+am uhtsange and +t+am
d+agredsange, +t+at gehwa to gedreoge on +t+am lytlum f+ace
gan m+age, and +t+arrihte
<P 33>
upasprungenum d+agriman d+agredsang sy begunnen [^TORONTO
CORPUS: begunne^] .
<R 8.14>
Se tidsang is swa to beginnenne on +alcne timan, ge on wintra
ge on sumera.
<R 9>
[}HU FELA SEALMA ON NIHTLICUM TIDUM TO SINGENGE SYNT.}]
<R 9.1>
On wintres timan is se uhtsang +tus to beginnenne; cwe+te
+arest +tis fers: (\Deus in adiutorium meum intende\) ;
+tonne sy+d+dan +triwa: (\Domine labia mea
aperies\) ; +tonne +after +tisan +tone sealm: (\Domine quid
multiplicati sunt\) ; +tonne inuitatorium mid +t+am sealme:
(\Venite exultemus domino\) ; +after +tysum is
ymen to singenne, +te to +t+are tide belimp+d; +after +t+am
syx sealmas mid +trim antefenum.
<R 9.7>
+ton geendedum sylle se abbod bletsunge; and man +treo
r+adinga r+ade and +try r+apsas, and ealle +ta gebro+tra
+ta hwile sittan.
<R 9.9>
+at +tam +triddan repse singe se sangere (\Gloria patri\) and
+ta gebro+dro ealle arisen to arweor+dnesse
+t+are halgan +trynesse.
<R 9.11>
+at +tam uhtsange r+ade man +t+are godcundan lare bec, +ag+der
ge of +t+are ealdan cy+dnesse ge of +t+are niwan,
and eac swa +ta haligan trahtas fram namcu+tum f+aderum and
rihtgelyfedum geworhte synt.
<R 9.15>
+after +tam +trim r+adingum and +trim r+apsum +afterfyligan
o+tre syx sealmas and +ta syn gesungene mid Alleluia;
+after +tam
<P 34>
fylige capitel of +t+are apostola lare
gemyndelice butan bec ges+ad and +after +tam fers
and sy+d+tan halsunge ben, +t+at is Kyrieleison, and
+tus sy geendad se nihtlica uhtsang.
<R 10>
[}HU ON SUMERA SEO NIHTLICE TID TO HEALDENNE SY.}]
<R 10.1>
From eastron o+t (\kalendas nouembris\) sy +at uhtsange         #
gehealden
se ylca gewuna, +te we her beforan gecw+adan
and seo ylece mycelnes sealmsanges, butan +tam anum
+t+at man r+adinge ne +tearf r+adan on nanre bec
for +tan scortan nihton, +te on sumera beo+d, ac for +tan
+trim r+adingum sy an +anlypig r+adincg ger+ad of
+t+are ealdan cy+tnesse gemyndelice butan bec, and an swy+te
scort r+aps +afterfylige.
<R 10.7>
elles +alc o+ter +ting butan +tysum sy gehealden on sumera,
+t+as +te mon on wintra hylt, +t+at sy swa +t+at
n+afre l+as sealma ne sy gesungen +at uhtsange +tonne twelf,
butan (\Domine quid multiplicati sunt\) and
(\Uenite exultemus Domino\) .
<P 35>
<R 11>
[}HU ON SUNNANNIHTUM NIHTLIC W+ACCE TO HEALDENNE SY.}]
<R 11.1>
On sunnand+age mon sceal hra+dor arisan to uhtsange.
<R 11.2>
On +tam uhtsange mon sceal healdan +t+at ylce gemet, +te we
her bufan gecw+adon, +t+at is be twelf sealmum;
singe man +arest six sealmas and +tonne on ende fers; +after
+tam, him eallum endebyrdlice sittendum,
r+ade man feower r+adinga mid feower r+apsum.
<R 11.6>
+at +tam feor+dan r+apse, +tonne me (\Gloria patri\) singe,
arisen hi mid arwyr+dnesse, and singan o+tre syx
sealmas mid +trim antefenum and fers +after +tam, and
+after fyligan o+tre feower r+adinga mid feower r+apsum
+t+are ylecan endebyrdnesse, +te we bufan cw+adan,
+after +t+am +try canticas of witigena bocum swylce
se abbod gesette, and +ta syn mid alleluian begunnene.
<R 11.12>
+after +tam fers and gesealdre bletsunge fram +tam abbode,
syn ger+adde o+tre feower r+adinga of +t+are niwan
cy+tnesse +t+are ylecan endebyrdnesse, +te we bufan
cw+adon.
<R 11.15>
+after +t+am glorian +t+as feor+tan repses beginne se abbod
+t+ane lofsang (\Te deum laudamus\) ; +tam geendedum,
r+ade se abbod godspel mid arwyr+dnesse and mid godcundum
ege, him eallum standendum; +at +t+as godspelles
endunge andswarien ealle Amen, +after +dam beginne
se abbod: (\Te decet laus\) , and geendadre
bletsunge sy d+ageredsang begunnen.
<P 36>
<R 11.21>
Seo endebyrdnes sunnandaga uhtsanges sy gelice gehealden on
+alcne timan, ge on wintra ge on sumera,
butan hit f+arlice swa gelimpe, +t+at man lator arise, +tonne
hit gebyrige, and man bed+ale repsas and
r+adinga gescyrte, +t+at la ne geweor+de, +t+at +tyllic
gymelest gelimpe.
<R 11.25>
Sy georne bewarnod, +t+at hit na ne ges+ale; +d+at gif hit
gelimpe, d+adbete se Gode on his gebedhuse, +te
hit +turh his gymeleste gelamp.
<R 12>
[}HU D+AGREDSANGAS ON FREOLSTIDUM TO HEALDENNE SYN.}]
<R 12.1>
On +t+am d+agredsangum on sunnand+age +arest mon sceal singan
+tone syxandsyxtige+tan sealm, +t+at is (\Deus
misereatur nostri\) .
<R 12.3>
+after +tam man sceal mid allelugeam +tone fiftige+tan sealm
beginnan, +t+at is (\Miserere mei deus\) ; +after
+ton +tone hundteontige+dan and +tone seofonteo+tan, +t+at
is (\Confitemini domino\) , si+d+tan +tane twaandsyxtige+tan,
+t+at is (\Deus, deus meus, ad te de luce\) .
<R 12.7>
+after +tisum +tone bletsingsealm, +t+at is (\Benedicite\) ,
+after +ton +tone lofsealm, +t+at is (\Laudate dominum
de celis\) ; +after +tysum sy gecweden an r+ading of
apocalipsin gemyndelice butan bec, +after +tam reps,
ymen, fers and lofsang of +tam godspelle,
<P 37>
+t+at is (\Benedictus dominus deus Israhel\) , and halsung,
+t+at is Kyrieleison, Pater noster and collectan, and
swa bi+d gefylled.
<R 13>
[}HU HIE ON WEORCDAGUM TO HEALDENNE SYN.}]
<R 13.1>
On weorcdagum d+agredsanges weor+dung is +tus to healdenne,
+t+at is +t+at se syxandsyxtige+ta sealm, +t+at
is (\Deus misereatur nostri\) , sy gecweden butan antefene, and
he sy on swege gelencged hw+athwara ealswa
on sunnand+age, +t+at eal se hired sy gegaderad +at +tam
anginne +t+as fiftige+dan sealmes, +te is mid
antefene to beginnene, +t+at is (\Miserere mei deus\) .
<R 13.7>
+after +tisum o+tre twegen sealmas +after gewunelicum +teawe,
+t+at is +dy o+tran d+age se fifta sealm and se
fifand+trittige+da, +t+at is (\Uerba mea\) and (\Dixit
iniustus\) ; +dy +triddan d+age se twaandfeowertige+da sealm
and syxandfiftige+ta, +t+at is (\Judica me deus\) and
(\Miserere mei deus, miserere mei\) ; +dy feor+tam d+age
se +treoandsyxtige+da and se feowerandsyxtige+ta, +t+at is
(\Exaudi deus orationem meam cum tribulor\) and
(\Te decet ymnus deus\) .
<R 13.14>
+ty fiftan d+age se seofan and hundeahtatige+ta and se nigan
and hundeahtatige+da, +t+at is (\Domine deus
salutis mee\) and (\Domine refugium\) ; +dy syxtan d+age se fif
and hundseofontige+ta and se an and hundnigonteo+da,
+t+at is (\Notus in Judea deus\) and (\Bonum est
confiteri domino\) .
<R 13.19>
+ty s+atresd+age se hundteontige+ta and twa
<P 38>
and feowertige+ta, +t+at is (\Domine exaudi orationem meam
auribus percipe\) and cantic deuteronomio, +t+at is
(\Adtende celum\) , se sy tod+aled on twegen glorian.
<R 13.22>
Elles o+trum dagum on +d+are wucan sy cantic gesungen, +t+at
is lofsang, +te to +tam d+age belimp+d, ealswa
hit romana eclesia hylt, +t+at is on monand+age
(\Confitebor\) , on tiwesd+ag (\Ego dixi\) , on wodnesd+ag
(\Exultauit\) , on +tunresd+ag (\Cantemus\) , on friged+ag
(\Domine audiui\) , on s+atresd+ag (\Adtende celum\) .
<R 13.27>
+after +tam +alce d+age +tone lofsealm, +t+at is (\Laudate
dominum de celis\) , and sy+d+tan an r+ading of +t+are
apostola lare gemyndelice butan bec gecweden, and sy+t+tan
r+aps, imen, fers, cantic of +tam godspelle,
+t+at is Benedictus, and halsung; and swa bi+d gefylled.
<R 13.33>
Ne sy nate+t+ashwon geendod na+der ne d+agredsang ne +afensang
butan +tam drihtlican gebede, +t+at is Pater
noster, ac se ealdor hluddre stefne eallum gehyrendum
+t+at gebed eal singe, +t+at gehwa hine sylfne
becnawe, gif he +anig +ting unge+tw+arlices and swicollices
on his ge+tance rixade, and hine sylfne gecl+ansige
fram +alcre hatunge leahtre, +turh +t+at +te he on
+tam gebede gehyr+d: (\Dimitte nobis debita nostra,
sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris\) , +t+at is
on ure ge+teode: Drihten forgif us ure synna,
swa swa we forgifa+d +tam, +te wi+d us gylta+d.
<R 13.42>
At +alcan o+tran tidsange se ende an sy hlude geclypod fram
+tam sacerde, +t+at fram eallum sy geandswarad:
(\Sed libera nos a malo\) .
<P 39>
<R 14>
[}HU ON FREOLSDAGUM SEO NIHTLICE W+ACCE TO HEALDENNE SY.}]
<R 14.1>
On Godes halgena freolstidum and on eallum freolstidum, +te
on geares ymbryne gelimpa+d, eal +tenung
is to donne on +t+at ylece gemet and +t+are ylecan
endebyrdnesse, +te man on sunnand+age de+t, butan +tam anum,
+t+at sealmas and antefenas and r+apsas and r+adinga syn
gesungene, +te to +tam freolsd+age belimpa+d,
elles on o+trum +tingum sy gehealden +t+at ylece gemet, +te
man on sunnand+age hylt.
<R 15>
[}ON HWYLCUM TIDUM ALLELUIA SCEOLE BEON SUNGEN.}]
<R 15.1>
Fram eastron o+d pentecosten sy alleluia butan tod+alednesse
gecweden, +ag+der ge on sealmum ge on r+apsum.
<R 15.2>
Fram pentecosten o+t lenctenes anginne +alce niht +at uhtsange
sy alleluia gecweden mid +tam syx +aftrum
sealmum; +alce sunnanniht butan lenctene +ta canticas and
d+agredsang, primsang, undernsang, midd+agsang,
nonsang mid alleluian syn gesungene, and se +afensancg
mid antefene sy gecweden.
<R 15.7>
r+apsas ne syn n+afre gesungene mid alleluian, butan fram
eastran o+t pentecosten.
<P 40>
<R 16>
[}HU +DA GODCUNDAN WEORC ON D+AGE SCEOLON BEON GEDONNE.}]
<R 16.1>
Vton don swa se witega cw+a+t: Seofonsi+dum on d+ag ic +te,
drihten, herede and +tin lof s+ade.
<R 16.2>
+d+at seofonfealde get+al bi+d +tus +turh us gefylled, gif
d+agredsang, primsang, undernsang, midd+agsang,
nonsang, +afensang, nihtsang bi+d gefylled +turh ures
+teowdomes +tenunge.
<R 16.5>
be +tam tidum cw+a+d se witega: Seofonsi+tum on d+ag ic
drihten +te herede; so+tes se yleca witega be +tam
uhtw+accum +tus cw+a+t: To middre nihte ic aras, drihten, +te
to andettenne.
<R 16.8>
Eornostlice on +tysum tidum we herien urne scyppend be +tam
domum his rihtwisnesse, +t+at is on d+agred,
on prim, on undern, on midd+ag, on non, on +afen, on
nihtsange; and on niht arisan and drihtne geandettan.
<R 17>
[}HU FELA SEALMA +DURH +DA SYLFAN TIDA SCEOLON
BEON GECWEDENE.}]
<R 17.1>
Nu geo we habba+d gefadod +ta endebyrdnesse +t+as
sealmsanges, +te to uhtsange o+t+te d+agredsange gebyre+d;
uton nu behawian be +tam o+trum tidum.
<R 17.3>
To primsange syn +try sealmas gecwedene, +alc on sundron and
nan under anum gloria; +ar man +ta sealmas
beginne, sy ymen gesungen, +te to +t+are tide belimpe,
+after +tam ferse: (\Deus in adiutorium meum intende\) .
<P 41>
<R 17.7>
+after geendunge +tara +treora sealma sie an capitul gecweden
and fers and kyrrieleison, and +ta beon mid gebedum geendode.
<R 17.9>
On undern and on midd+ag and on non +t+at ilece gebed +t+are
ylecan endebyrdnesse sy geweor+dod, +t+at is
mid ferse and mid imene +t+ara sylfra tida mid +trim sealmum,
mid r+adinge and ferse and kyrrieleyson,
and swa mid gebede beon geendode.
<R 17.13>
Gif hit mycel gefer+aden is, syn hy mid antefene gesungene,
gif seo gefer+aden lytel is, syn hy for+drihte
butan sone gesungene.
<R 17.15>
+t+as +afensanges lof sy mid feower sealmum geendod mid heora
antephanum, +after +tam sealmum sy anes capitules
r+ading gecweden, and si+d+tan reps, ymen, fers,
lofsang of +dam godspelle, +t+at is Magnificat,
halsung, +t+at is Kyrrieleison and drihtenlic gebed,
+t+at is Pater noster, and sy swa mid gebede geendad.
<R 17.20>
Nihtsang sy mid +trim sealmum geendod; +da sealmas syn
gesungene for+drihte butan antefene; +after +tam
ymen, +te to +t+are tide belimpe, anes capitules r+ading,
fers, kyrrieleison, and sy swa mid gebede geendod.
<R 18>
[}HWYLCERE ENDEBYRDNESSE +DA SEALMAS TO CWE+DENE SYN.}]
<R 18.1>
Syn simle +ta d+aglican tida on fruman begunnene mid ferse:
(\Deus in adiutorium meum intende\) , and mid:
(\Gloria patri\) , and +after +tam ymen, +te to +t+are tide
belimpe.
<R 18.3>
+after
<P 42>
+tam feower capitulas, +t+at is feower todala angin
+t+as hundteontige+dan and eahtateo+dan sealmas,
+t+at is (\Beati inmaculati\) o+d (\legem pone\) .
<R 18.6>
on +tam o+drum tidum, +t+at is on undern and on midd+ag ond
on non +try capitulas syn gesungene of +dam fores+adan
sealme, +t+at is on undern fram (\legem pone\) o+t
(\portio mea\) , fram (\portio mea\) o+d (\defecit\) ,
fram (\defecit\) o+d (\lucerna\) .
<R 18.10>
On monand+age to primsange syn gesungene +try sealmas, +t+at
is se forma and se o+ter and se syxta, +t+at
is (\Beatus uir, Quare fremuerunt gentes\) and (\Domine, ne in
furore tuo\) , and swa o+trum dagum on +t+are
wucan syn for+don +try sealmas gesungen o+d +tone nigonteo+dan
sealm, swa +tonne, +t+at se nige+da sealm and
se seofonteo+da syn tod+aled on twegen glorian, +t+at is
(\Confitebor\) and (\Diligam te\) .
<R 18.17>
And swa syn gefadod, +t+at se uhtsang sy begunnen on
sunnannihtum fram +dam twentige+dan sealme,
+t+at is (\Domine, in uirtute tua\) .
<R 18.20>
On monand+age to undernsange and to midd+agsange and to
nonsange syn to +alcan +try capitulas gesungene
of +tam nigan capitulum, +te to lafe synt of +tam
hundteontige+dan and eahtateo+dan sealme.
<R 18.23>
sy +tonne +tus geendod se hundteontige+ta and se eahtateo+da
sealm on twam dagum, +t+at is on sunnand+age
and on monand+age, on tiwesd+age on undern and on midd+ag
and on non syn +dry sealmas to +alcan +t+ara
gesungene of +tisum nigum sealmum, +t+at is fram +dam
hundteontige+dan and nigonteo+dan sealme o+t +tone
hundteontige+dan and +tone seofon and twentige+dan.
<R 18.29>
+da sylfan sealmas syn d+aghwamlice
<P 43>
geedl+ahte ofer ealle wucan gynd +ta sylfan tida o+d +tone
sunnand+ag; ymenas and capitula r+adinga and fers and halsunga
syn anum gemete gehealdene eallum dagum, be +tam
+te we +ar cw+adon, and swa symle eft beginne on +tone
sunnand+ag fram +tam hundteontige+tan and +tan eahtateo+dan
sealme, +t+at is (\Beati inmaculati\) .
<R 18.36>
Se +afensang sy d+aghwamlice gehendod mid feower sealma
dreame.
<R 18.37>
+ta sealmas beginnen fram +dam hundteontige+dan and +tam
nige+dan; o+d +tene hundteontige+tan and +tane seofan
and feowertige+dan, +t+at is fram (\Dixit dominus\) o+d
(\Laudate dominum de celis\) , butan +tam, +te +t+ar betweox
ascyrede synt to o+drum tidsangum, +t+at is fram +dam
hundteontige+tan and seofonteo+dan o+d +tone hundteontige+dan
and seofon and twentige+dan, +t+at is fram
(\Beati inmaculati\) o+t (\Sepe expugnauerunt me\) ,
and butan +tam hundteontige+tan and +treo and +tritige+dan
and +tam hundteontige+tan and twa and feowertige+tan,
+t+at is (\Ecce nunc\) and (\Domine exaudi\) , elles
ealle +ta o+tre syn to +dan +afendreame gesungene.
<R 18.47>
For+dam +te +t+as sealmget+ales is elles to lyt, +ta +try
m+astan sealmas sculon beon tod+alede on twegen glorian,
+t+at is se hundteontige+da and se eahta and
+trittige+ta and se hundteontige+da and se +treo and
feowertige+da and se hundteontige+da and se feower and
feowertige+ta, +t+at is (\Domine probasti me\) , and
Benedictus, and (\Exaltabo te domine\) .
<R 18.53>
se hundteontige+da and se syxteo+da, for +tan +te hy lytel
is, he sceal beon ge+teod +tam hundteontige+dan
and +tam fifteo+dan and +ta twegen to anum
<P 44>
sealme gesungen.
<R 18.56>
To eacan +t+are endebyrdnesse +tara sealma +t+as +afensanges
syn o+dre +ting gefyllede, swa ic bufan gewissode,
+t+at is r+adinga, r+apsas, ymen, fers and canticas,
+t+at is Magnificat.
<R 18.60>
To nihtsange mon sceal +ta sylfan sealmas +alce niht
geedl+acan, +t+at is +tone feor+dan and +tone 
hundnigontige+dan and +tone hundteontige+dan and +treo and
+dritige+tan, +t+at is (\Cum inuocarem te, Qui habitat\) ,
and (\Ecce nunc\) .
<R 18.64>
+tus gefadodre endebyrdnesse +t+as d+aglican sealmsanges,
ealle +ta o+dre sealmas, +te +t+ar to lafe synt,
syn gelice tod+alede to +tan seofon uhtsangum +t+are wucan,
swa +t+at +ta m+astan syn tod+alede on twegen glorian,
and swa to +alcan uhtsange syn twelf sealmas
gesungene.
<R 18.68>
We +t+as healice myngia+d, gif hwam +tises sealmsanges fadung
and endebyrdnes mislica+d, fadige he sel
and endebyrde, gif him swa +tince.
<R 18.70>
swa +teah +t+at he +t+as gyme, +t+at +ta hundteontigandfiftig
+t+as salteres sealmas syn on +alcere wucan ealle
to +t+am tidsangum tod+alede and gesungene, for+ti hit is
ealles to sleac munuca +teowdom heora hyrsumnesse,
gif hie l+asse singa+d on +t+are wucan +tonne +t+ane
saltere ealne mid gewunelican cantican.
<R 18.75>
we r+ada+d, +t+at +ta ealdan f+aderas on anum d+age +t+at
sti+dlice gefyldon, eala +t+ar we asolcene and awacode
on are wucan gel+asten.
<P 45>
<R 19>
[}BE SEALMSANGES +DEAWF+ASTNESSE.}]
<R 19.1>
+aghwar we gelyfa+d, +t+at Godes andweardnes sy and gesih+d,
and his eagan behealda+d +ag+ter ge +ta godan
ge +ta yfelan; +teah swi+tost we +t+as butan +alcere tweonunge
gelyfen, +tonne we +at Godes weorce wunia+d.
<R 19.4>
For+ty +tonne syn we a gemyndige, +t+as +te se witiga +tus
cw+a+d: +deowia+d eoweran drihtne mid ege; and eft:
Singa+d wislice, and: On engla gesih+de ic singe +de.
<R 19.7>
Eornostlice uton besceawian, hu we wunien on Godes gesyh+te
and on his engla; and +tonne swa standan
+at +tam sealmsange, +t+at ure mod ge+tw+arige mid +t+as
mu+des clypunge.
<R 20>
[}BE GEBEDES ARWEOR+DNESSE.}]
<R 20.1>
Gif we mid rican mannan hw+at embe ure neode manian willa+d,
+t+at we ne gedyrstl+acat butan mid micelre
ea+dmodnesse; micle swy+tor is to halsienne ealra gesceafta
drihten mid ealre ea+dmodnesse and mid ealre
under+teodnesse and modes hlutternesse.
<R 20.5>
We na ne wenen +t+at we no +turh +da m+anigfealdnesse ura
gebeda syn gehyrede, ac mid ure heortan hlutternesse
and mid teara anbryrdnesse ure gebeda beo+d andfenge.
<R 20.8>
For+dy +tonne +t+at gebed sceal beon scort and hlutter,
<P 46>
butan hwa mid godcundre anbryrdnesse gemanod sy,
+t+at he his gebed gelenge; an metincge +teah +t+as geferes
sy +t+at gebed gescyrt, and geworhtum beacne
fram +tam ealdre ealle endemes arisen.
<R 21>
[}HWYLCE MYNSTRES TEO+DINGEALDRAS BEON SCEOLON.}]
<R 21.1>
Gif seo geferr+aden to +tam micel sy, syn gecorene of +dam
sylfum gebro+drum, +ta +de godes gewittes syn
and haligre drohtnunge, and syn gesette to teo+dingealdrum,
+da syn emhydige and cariende embe heora
ealdorscypas on eallum +tingum +after Godes bebodum and
heora abbodes h+ase.
<R 21.5>
Syn +ta ealdras swylce gecorene, +t+at se abbod his byr+denna
on hy tod+alan m+age; ne syn hy gecorene be
nanre endebyrdnesse, ac be lifes geearnunge and wisdomes
lare.
<R 21.8>
Gif heora hwylc +turh +t+ane truwan his ealdorscipes f+aringa
to+dint and hine on modignesse onhef+d, and
he on +tam leahtre bi+d onfunden, sy him +ane gestyred and
eft and +triddan si+de; gif he +tonne swa ne
bete and rihtl+ace, he sy of +dam ealdorscype aworpen, and
o+ter sy ongeset, +de +t+as wyr+de is.
<R 21.13>
And +t+at sylfe we setta+d and t+aca+d be +tam prafoste.
<P 47>
<R 22>
[}BE MUNECA RESTE.}]
<R 22.1>
+anlypige munecas geond +anlypige bed restan.
Hy bedreaf onfon +after heora drohtnunge gemete and +after
heora abbodes dyhte.
<R 22.3>
Gif hit beon m+age, hy ealle on anum huse restan; gif seo
menigo to +tam micel sy, +t+at hy ne m+agen,
tynum and twentigum on anum inne +atg+adere restan mid heora
ealdrum, +te embe hy carien.
<R 22.6>
Leoht on +d+am selfum inne singallice ofer ealle niht byrne
o+d leohtne mergen.
<R 22.7>
Hy gew+adode and begyrde resten and nane sex be heora sidan
n+abben, +te l+as +te hy on sl+ape gewundade weor+tan,
ac +t+at hy symle gearowe syn, and geworhtum beacne
hy butan elcunge arisende caflice gehwylc
o+terne forest+appe and to +dam Godes weorce efste +t+at
+tonne sy mid mycelre gest+a+t+dignesse and gemetf+astnesse.
<R 22.13>
Seo geogo+d na getanglice ne licge, ac sio yld +ta geogo+de
tolicge.
<R 22.14>
To +tam Godes weorce arisende, heora +alc o+terne myngige,
+t+at +ta slapule nane lade n+abben.
<P 48>
<R 23>
[}BE GYLTA BOTE.}]
<R 23.1>
Gyf hwylc bro+dor ongyten bi+d to+tunden, o+t+te ungehyrsum,
o+t+te modig, o+d+te ceoriende, o+t+te on +anigum
+tinge wi+derweard wuniende +tam halgum regule, and his
yldrena geboda oferhogiend, +tes +tyllica +after
Godes gebode sy dyhlice mid wordum tuwa o+d+te +triwa
gemyngod.
<R 23.5>
Gif he swa ne bete and hine sylfne ne gerihte, he sy ge+tread
openlice beforan eallum.
<R 23.7>
Gif he +tonne swa gyt hine selfne ne geriht, gif he ongyt hu
hefigtyme wite hit is, he am+ansumenge underhnige;
gif he +tonne gyt wi+derr+ade bi+d, he lichamlice
wrace mid swingelle +tolige.
<R 24>
[}HWYLC GEMET ON +D+ARE BOTE TO HEALDENNE SY.}]
<R 24.1>
+after +t+as gyltes gemete sceal beon gelengen +t+are
amansumunge gemet o+d+te +t+are steore; stande +tara gylta
gemetgung on +t+as abbodes dome.
<P 49>
<R 24.4>
+teahhw+a+tere gif hwylc bro+dor on lytlum gyltum by+d
onfunden, sy he ascyred fram beodes gem+annesse.
<R 24.5>
+dis is mid gesceade to healdenne +t+am +te ascyrede syn fram
+tam gem+anan gereorde, +d+at is +t+at hy an cyricean
ne beginnen na+der ne sealm ne antefene, ne r+adinge ne
r+aden o+t fulre d+adbote; his gereordes
+tigene he ana underfo +after gebro+dra gereorde.
<R 24.10>
swylc ic +tus cwe+te: gif +ta gebro+tru on midd+ag gereorden,
gereorde he on non; gif hy on non, he on
+afen, o+t +t+at he o mid +t+aslicre d+adbote forgifenesse +at
Gode begyte.
<R 25>
[}BE HEFIGTYMUM GYLTUM.}]
<R 25.1>
Se bro+dor, se +te mid sw+arra gylta h+afene bi+d gedered and
on hefigtymum gyltum bi+d arasod, sy he ascyred
fram gem+anre mysan +tigene and eac swa fram +tam
ingange +t+are halgan cyrican.
<R 25.4>
Nan bro+dor him nane ge+teodr+adene to n+abbe, ne on spr+ace
ne on nanum o+trum gemanan; sy he ana wuniende
on bet+ahtre note mid d+adbote and hefefulre hreowesunge,
understande eac +tone egefullan cwide, +te
se apostol be
<P 50>
swa forgyltum cwy+t: Si +tus gerad man
sceoccan bet+aht to fl+asces forwyrde, to+ty +t+at
se gast on Godes dome gehealden sy.
<R 25.10>
His metes gereord he ana underfo, +tam gemete and on +t+are
tide, +te se abbod understande, +te him gebyrige.
<R 25.11>
Ne he ne sy gebletsod fram nanum +tara, +te hine met, ne se
mete +te ma, +te him geseald bi+d.
<R 26>
[}BE +DAM +DE BUTAN HESE +D+AS ABBODES WI+D +DA D+ADBETENDAN
+DEODA+D.}]
<R 26.1>
Gif hwylc bro+dor butan his abbodes h+ase gedyrstl+ac+d,
+t+at he on +anige wisan +anige ge+teodr+adene nime
wi+d +tone amansumedan, o+d+te +turh +anige spr+ace o+d+te
+turh +aniges o+tres mannes +arendunge, sy he gelicum
gelimpe amansumad, and on gelicre wrace d+adbete.
<R 27>
[}HU ABBOD CAREFUL BEON SCEAL YMBE +DA D+ADBETENDAN.}]
<R 27.1>
Se abbod mid ealre emhydignesse carige embe +ta gyltendan
gebro+dru, for+dy +ta halan l+aces ne lacnunge
ne behofia+d,
<P 51>
ac +ta untruman.
<R 27.3>
For+dy on eallum gemete hy scylun l+aca +teawe on heora
heordr+addenne notian; he sceal oft dyhlice ealde
witan and gest+a+t+tige sendan, +t+at +tone
unsta+dolf+astan bro+dor and +tone tweonigendan to d+adbote
and to his agenre +tearfe manigean and hine swa frefrigean,
+t+at he +turh mycele gnornunge ne sy on lyre forswolgen.
<R 27.8>
sy on +tone synnigan bro+dor seo so+de lufu acyd and
gef+astnod, and ealle gebro+dru for hine gebiddan.
<R 27.11>
+tearle swy+te se abbod sceal gyman and mid eallan gleawscipe
hogian, +t+at nan sceap of +t+are heorde ne
losige, +te him bet+aht is.
<R 27.13>
Wite he, +t+at he +ta gymenne +tara untrumra saula to rihtre
lacnunge underfeng and na for ricetere, +te
he ofer +da h+abbe, +te hale syndon; he eac ondr+ade +ta
+teowwrace, +te drihten +turh his witigan +dyw+d,
+tus cwe+tende: +t+at ge f+attas gesawan, +t+at ge gecuran,
and +t+at wanhal w+as and alewed, +t+at ge awurpan.
<R 27.18>
ac se abbod geefenl+ace +ta bysene +t+as arf+astan and +t+as
mildheortan hyrdes, +te uppan +t+are dune forlet
niganandhundnigantig sceapa, and an, +te +d+ar losode and
dwelede, geornlice sohte and funde, and +t+as
sceapes untrumnesse him to +dam swi+de ofhreaw, +t+at he
hit ofer his eaxla lede and eft up to +t+are
heorde b+ar.
<P 52>
<R 38>
[}BE +DAM +DE OFT GE+DREAD BEO+D AND NA +DE BETERAN NE BEO+D.}]
<R 28.1>
Gif hwylc bro+dor oftr+adlice [^SCHROEER: oft r+adlice^] 
ge+tread for hwylcum gylte bi+d, ne he fur+don for amansunge
gebetan nelle, ne his +teawas gerihtl+acan, hine man +treage 
mid teartran steore, +t+at is him sige on swingella wracu.
<R 28.5>
Gif he +t+anne +turh +da swingella ne bi+d geriht, ac on
modignesse wuniende mid upahefednesse his yfelan
d+ada mid leasum talum bewarian wile, do +t+anne se abbod
swa swa wis l+ace.
<R 28.8>
gif he swe+dunga gegearwode and godcundra myngunga sealfunga,
haligra gewrita lacnunga, and +at nyhstan
amansumunge b+arnet and swingella wita +turhteah and
ongyt, +t+at eal his hogu and gleawscipe naht
frama+d, he +tonne gegearwige, +t+at +t+at m+ast is, his agen
gebed and ealra bro+dra for hine, +t+at drihten,
+te ealle +ting m+ag and ealra +tinga wylt, geh+ale +tone
untruman and +tone leahterfullan bro+dor.
<R 28.15>
Gif he fur+don +turh +ta gebedu geh+aled ne bi+d, notige
+tonne se abbod cyrfes, and mid isene +ta unco+de
aceorfe
<P 53>
and fram +t+are h+ale ascyrige, +turh +d+as apostoles
mungunge, +te +dus cw+a+t: Afyrra+d +tone yfelan
fram eow; and eft he cwy+d: Gif se getreowleasa gewite, he
gewite, +tyl+as +te an adlig sceap ealle heorde besmite.
<R 29>
[}BE +DAM +DE UTFARA+D HW+A+DER HI MON EFT UNDERFON SCYLE.}]
<R 29.1>
Se bro+dor, +te for his agenum lehtre o+d+te un+deawe of
mynstre f+ar+d o+d+te adr+afed bi+d, gif he eft gecyrran
wile, behate +arest bote and geswicenesse ealra +t+ara
un+teawa, +te he fore adr+afed w+as, and he sy
onfangen on uteweardre endebyrdnesse, +t+at he +turh +t+at
sy afandod, hw+a+ter he mid eadmodnesse gecyrre.
<R 29.7>
Gif he +t+anne eft for his un+deawum utf+ar+d, o+t+te adr+afed
bi+d, he +teah sy onfangen o+d +tan +triddan si+de;
wite he +tonne, ofer +d+at +t+at him +alces inf+ares
forwyrned bi+d and he n+afre eft to +tam mynstre gecyrran
ne +tearf.
<R 30>
[}BE GEONGRA MANNA STEORE.}]
<R 30.1>
+alc yld and andgit scylun habban on steore agene gemetu;
for+dy +tonne geonge cild and sti+de cnapan
o+d+te +ta, +de
<P 54>
hwonlice understandan magan, hu micel wite is
and hu hefigtyme, +t+at man on amansumunge
sie, +ta +dyllice, +tonne hy agylta+d, him man styre o+d+te
mid swi+dlicum f+astenum, o+d+te mid teartum swingellum
hy wylde, +t+at hy geh+alede syn.
<R 31>
[}BE MYNSTRES HORDERE.}]
<R 31.1>
Se mynstres hordere si gecoren of +t+are gesamnunge, wis, on
geripedum +teawum, syfre and na oferettol,
na drefend, ne teonful, ne lofgeorn, ac God ondr+adende; sy
he ealre geferr+adenne swa swa f+ader.
<R 31.5>
He hogige embe ealle +ding; ne do he nan +ding butan +t+as
abbodes h+ase; healde +t+at him beboden sy.
<R 31.6>
He his gebro+dru ne geunrotsige; gif hwylc bro+dor
unsceadelice hw+as bidde, he +teah mid forseawennesse
hine ne geunrotsige, ac gesceadwislice mid ea+dmodnesse his
yfelan bene forwyrne.
<R 31.9>
Gehealde he a his ge+tanc, +t+at he mid godan mode +tenige,
and sy gemyndig +t+as, +te se apostol +tus cwy+d:
Se +te wel +tena+d, he godne wyr+dscipe him sylfum
gestryn+d.
<R 31.12>
H+abbe he care and gymene untrumra manna mid ealre
emhydignesse and eac swa cildra and cumena and +tearuena,
wite he butan tweon, +t+at he +at Godes dome be heom
eallum gescead agyldan sceal.
<P 55>
<R 31.16>
Ealle mynstres fata and spede he sceal beseon, swylce +ta
gehalgedan fata +t+as weouedes; ne l+ate he nan
+ting to gymeleste; ne he uncysta na begange, na he
lofgeorn ne sy, and he na mynstres +ahta ne yte,
ne na myrre, ac ealle +ting gemetlice do and +after his
abbodes h+ase.
<R 31.21>
H+abbe he ea+dmodnesse toforan eallum +tingum, +d+am +te he of
mynstres +ahta n+abbe to syllanne, sylle gode
andsware, for+dy hit is awriten, +t+at seo gode antswaru sy
ouer +da selestan selene.
<R 31.24>
H+abbe he under his gymene eal, +t+at se abbod him bet+ace;
and he fur+dor ne gedyrstl+ace to donne, +tonne
him beboden sy.
<R 31.26>
+ta gesettan bileouene his gebro+drum gebeode on rihtne timan
buton late and gnornunge, +t+at hy ne geunrotsigen,
sy gemyndig +t+are godcundan clypunge, hw+at se
geearnige, +te ge+abyli+d enne +tara l+astena, +te
on God behycga+d.
<R 31.30>
Gif seo geferr+aden swa micel sy, sy him frouer and fultum
geseald, he mid heora fultume efnum mode
and gladum +ta +denunga, +te him bef+aste syn, lustb+are
gefylle.
<R 31.33>
On gedafenum tidum syn gesealde +ta +tincg, +te to syllenne
synt, and syn gebedene, +te to biddene synt,
+t+at n+anig sy gedreued, ne geunrotsige on Godes huse.
<P 56>
<R 32>
[}BE MYNSTRES TOLUM AND GEHWYLCUM +AHTUM.}]
<R 32.1>
Mynstres +ahta on tolum o+d+te on reafum o+d+te on o+drum
gehwylcum +tingum syn bet+ahte to bewitenne +tam
gebro+trum, +te heora lif and +teawas gode gecorene syn and
+tam abbode orsorge, and he +ta bet+ace +t+am,
+te heora notian sceolan and heora eft underfon.
<R 32.5>
H+abbe se abbod a mid him gewrit ealra +t+ara +ahta; +tonne
seo notu on gebro+dra gewrixle bi+d, sy +t+at gewis
a mid +tam abbode, +t+at he wite, hw+at bet+aht sy and
hw+at underfangen.
<R 32.9>
Gif heora hwylc fullice o+d+te gymeleaslice mynstres +ting
behwyrfe, sy him gestyred; gif he betan nele,
underlicgge he rihtlicre +treale.
<R 33>
[}BE +DAM +D+AT MUNECAS SYNDRIGE +AHTE N+ABBEN.}]
<R 33.1>
Healicast and swidost mon scel +tone un+teaw of mynstre
wanian and mid ealle awyrtwalian, +t+at n+anig
ne gedyrstl+ace, +anig +ding to syllenne o+d+te to nimine,
butan +t+as abbodes h+ase, ne he nan +ding syndries
ne age, ne nan +ting eallunga, ne fur+don boc, ne
weaxbreda, ne gr+af, ne on eallum +tingum
<P 57>
nan +ding.
<R 33.6>
eornestlice, hw+at scel he agan on sundrum, +te fur+don his
agenne lichoman ne his agen mod ne sceal
agan on his agenum gewealde?
<R 33.8>
ealra nead+tinga he sceal hihtan and wilnigan fram his
mynstres f+ader.
<R 33.9>
Ne he nan +ting n+abbe butan +t+as abbodes sylene and
ge+tauunge; syn heom ealle +ting gem+ane, swa swa hit
awriten is on +tara apostola drohtnunge, be +tam muneca lif
is gebysenod.
<R 33.12>
ne nan ne gedyrstl+ace, +t+at he +anig +ting syndries h+abbe
o+d+te fur+don +t+at word gecwe+te, +t+at he agen h+abbe.
<R 33.15>
Gif hwa on +tysan manfullan and forcu+destan un+deawe +anigne
lust h+abbe, o+d+te +turh myngunge his ealdrena
geswice, o+d+te hine man mid swy+dlicum and lichwamlicum
+trealum gewylde.



<B CODURHAM>
<Q O3 IR RULE DURHAM>
<N DURHAM RITUAL>
<A ALDRED>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K SAME>
<D AN>
<V PROSE>
<T RULE>
<G GLOSS>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE DURHAM RITUAL.
RITUALE ECCLESIAE DUNELMENSIS.
THE DURHAM COLLECTAR.
SURTEES SOCIETY, CXL.
ED. A. H. THOMPSON AND U. LINDELOEF.
DURHAM, 1927.
PP. 1.1 - 68.43^]

[^C21.1^]
<P 1>
<R 1.1>
(\Jerusalem laudem in terra\) [{hierus{] herenise vel lof on
ear+de.
<R 1.2>
(\Ecce seruus meus suscipiam eum electus meus honorificabit
te anima mea\) heono esne min ic underfoe
hine gicoren min giarwyr+dige+d +dec sauel min.
<R 1.3>
(\Domine deus meus honorificabo te laudem tribuam nomini tuo
qui facis mirabilis res consilium tuum
antiquum uerum fiat\) drihten god min ic wor+digo +dec lof
ic sello nome +dinum +du +de doest wundurlic
+ding [{gi+d+aht{] +din aldgeddung so+d sie.
<R 1.4>
(\Domine excelsum est brachium tuum deus sabaoth corona spei
qu+e ornata est gloriae\) [{drihten{] heh
is arm +din god alles herges sigbeg hyhtes +diu gifreatuad is
to wuldre.
<R 1.5>
(\Exultet desertum exultent solitudines iordanis et populus
meus uidebit altitudinem domini et maiestatem
dei\) wynsumia+d woesten giwynsumia+d unbyengo
[{iordan{] & folc min gisene bi+d heannisse [{drihten{]
& megewlit godes.
<R 1.6>
(\Haec dicit dominus aperiam in montibus flumina in mediis
campis fontes disrumpam et terram sicientem
sine aqua confundam\) +das cuoe+d drihten ic untyno in
morum streamas in middum feldum espryngo
ic toslito & ear+de +dyrstende butan u+atre ic scendo.
<R 1.7>
(\Ecce puer meus exaltabitur et eleuabitur et sublimis erit
ualde\) heono cn+aht min wynsummende bi+d
& upahefen bi+d & heh+dungen bi+d sui+de.
<P 2>
<R 2>
(\Item collecta in epiphania\) eft somnungcuido in
b+a+dd+ag.
<R 2.1>
(\Deus qui hodierna die unigenitum tuum gentibus stella duce
reuelasti concede propitius ut qui iam
te ex fide cognouimus usque ad contemplandam speciem tu+a
celsitudinis perducamur per eundem\) god
+du +de longsumne (}d+ag}) ancende +din cynnum stearre latua
aedeauades [{forgef{] rummodlice +t+atte +da
+de gie +dec of lufa we ongeton o+d+t+at to [{ymbsceawge{]
megwlite +dines [{heannis{] ue sie +derhl+aded +derh.
<R 2.2>
(\Deus inluminator omnium gentium da populis tuis perpetua
pace gaudere et illud lumen splendidum
infunde cordibus nostris quod trium magorum mentibus
aspirasti per dominum\) god inlihtend allra cynno sel
folcum +dinum ece sibbe gifeage & +t+at leht scinende ind+al
heartum usum +t+atte +drea tungelcr+aftigo +dohtum +du ableawe.
<R 2.3>
(\Deus cuius unigenitus in substantia nostre carnis apparuit
presta quesumus ut per eum quem similem
nobis foris agnouimus intus reformari mereamur qui tecum\)
god +d+as ancende in unstondennisse vel
user lichomes +adeawde gionn we biddas +t+atte +derh hine
+done gilic us uta we ongeton [{innabord{] +t+atte
we se eft niuado ue giearnigo se +de +dec mi+d.
<R 2.4>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus fidelium splendor animarum qui
hanc solempnitatem electionis gentium
primitiis consecrasti imple mundum gloria tua et subditis
tibi populis per luminis tui appare claritatem
per\) [{allmihtig{] ece god gileaffullra berhtnisse
saula +du +de +das symbbeltid gicorenscipes cynno
frumcendo +du gih+algedest fyll middangeard wuldor +din
& under+diodo +de folcum +derh lehtes +dines
aedeaua +t+at berhtnisse.
<R 2.5>
(\Concede omnipotens deus ut salutare tuum noua c+alorum luce
mirabili quod ad salutem mundi hodierna
festiuitate processit nostris semper in nouandis cordibus
oriatur per dominum\) gilef [{allmihtig{] god +t+atte
halwende +din niue heafna lehte [{wundurlic{] +t+at to
h+alo [{middangeardes{] ece (}d+ag}) [{symbelnis{] so+dcuom
usum symle in niwungum heartum sie arisen +derh.
<R 2.6>
(\Da nobis quesumus domine digne celebrare misterium quod in
nostri saluatoris infantia miraculis
coruscantibus declaratur et corporalibus incrementis
manifesta designatur humanitas per eundem\) sel
us ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] meodomlice gimersiga degla
giryne
<P 3>
+t+at in [{usuer{] halwendes vel h+alendes cildhad
wundrum licx+andum is giberhtad & mennisscniss +derh.
<R 2.7>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt saluatoris mundi stella
duce manifestata natiuitas mentibus nostris
reueletur semper et crescat per\) gionn ue [{bidda+t{]
[{almihtig{] god +t+atte h+alendes [{middangeard{]
stearre latua giypedo acennisse +dohtum usum eft se +adeawde
symle & gew+axe.
<R 2.8>
(\Inlumina domine quesumus populum tuum et splendore glori+e
tu+a cor eius semper accende ut salutare
suum et incensanter agnoscat et ueraciter adprehendat qui
tecum\) geinlihte [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{]
folc +din & lixunge wuldres +dines hearte his symle giinliht
+t+atte halwende sinum & unablinnendlice
ongette & so+dlice togigripe se +de +dec mid.
<R 3>
(\Non februarii purificatio sancte mari+a\) .
<R 3.1>
(\Ego quasi uitis fructificaui suauitatem odoris et flores
mei fructum odoris et honestatis\) ic suoelce
wingeard ic w+astmede [{suoetnisse{] gistences &
blostmo mines w+astm [{gistencnisse{] & [{fegernisse{] .
<R 3.2>
(\Ego mater pulcr+e dilectionis et timoris et magnitudinis et
sanct+e spei in me gratia omnis vit+e et
ueritatis in me omnis spes uitae et uirtutis\) ic moder
[{fegernisse{] [{lufsumnisse{] [{ondesnisse{] & [{micelnisse{]
& h+alges hygtes in mec geafa alles lifes &
[{so+df+astnisse{] in [{mec{] +alc hyht lifes & m+ahtes.
<R 3.3>
(\Transite ad me omnes qui concupiscitis me et a
generationibus meis implemini spiritus enim meus
super mel dulcis et hereditas mea super mel et fauum memoria
mea in generatione saeculorum\) oferf+are+d
to me alle +da +de giwilniga+d mec & from cynnum minum
gie sie gifylledo gast [{for+don{] min [{ofer{]
huniges [{suoete{] & [{erfeweardnisse{] [{mino{] [{ofer{]
hunig & biobread gimynd mino in gecneoreso woruldo.
<R 3.4>
(\Osculetur me osculo oris sui quia meliora sunt vbera tua
uino et odor unguentorum tuorum super omnia
aromata\) gicysse mec cysse mu+des sines [{for+don{]
betro aron tido +dino wine & [{stengcnisse{] [{smirenisse{]
+dinra [{ofer{] allo gimongo wyrtana vel wyrteno
gimonge.
<P 4>
<R 3.5>
(\Pulchra est gena tua amica mea sicut turturis collum tuum
sicut monilia murenulas aureas faciemus
tibi uermiculatas argento\) feger is leur vel hagospind
+din mego min su+a turtures suire +din su+alce
suirbeg bulas gyldenno gidoe ue +de giberbedo sulfere.
<R 3.6>
(\Ecce tu pulchra es amica mea ecce tu pulchra occuli tui
columbarum\) heono +du feger ar+d mego min
heonu +du feger ego +dino culfra.
<R 3.7>
(\Dum esset rex in accubitu suo nardus mea dedit odorem suum
fassciculus myrr+e dilectus meus mihi
inter ubera mea commorabitur\) mi+d +dy uere cynig in his
gir+este vel sinum nebb min min salde vel gisalde
[{stencgnisse{] sin [{forawlit{] vel recelces leof min
me bituen titto mino giwune+d vel.
<R 4>
(\Item collectiones\) .
<R 4.1>
(\Erudi quesumus domine plebem tuam et que extrinsecus annua
tribuis deuotione uenerari interius assequi
grati+a tu+a luce concede per dominum nostrum\)
gil+ar ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] folc +din & +da +de uta
gerlico gisele+d oeste +t+at ue se giwor+diad
[{innueardlic{] from him vel gifylge geaf+a +dines lehte gilef
+derh [{drihten{] .
<R 4.2>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus maiestatem tuam supplices
exoramus ut sicut unigenitus filius tuus hodierna
die cum nostr+e carnis substantia in templo est
presentatus ita nos facias purificatis tibi
mentibus presentari per eundem\) [{allm+ahtig{] ece god
m+agen+drym +din gi+doncle vel ue bidda+d +t+at su+a
[{ancenda{] sunu +din ecelic (}d+ag}) mi+d user lichome bisene
in temple is giondueardad sua us gidoe gicl+ansadum
+de +dohtum ue se gionduardedo +derh.
<R 4.3>
(\Perfice in nobis quesumus domine gratiam tuam qui iusti
symeonis expectationem inplesti vt sicut
ille mortem non uidit priusquam christum dominum uidere
mereretur ita et nos uitam optineamus aeternam
per eundem\) +derhendig in usig ue [{bidda+t{]
[{driht{] gefe +din +du +de so+df+astes simeones onbasnung
+du gifyldest +t+at su+a he dea+d ne gisege +ar +t+at +done
gicoren driht gisea giearnade su+a +ac [{usig{] vel
ue lif gihalda we ece +derh.
<P 5>
<R 5>
(\Item capitula in caput ieiunii\) .
<R 5.1>
(\Haec dicit dominus conuertimini ad me in toto corde uestro
in ieiunio et fletu et planctu et scindite
corda uestra et non uestimenta uestra\) +das cuoe+d
[{drihten{] gicerre+d gie to me in allre hearte
iero in feast~ne & uope & hreame vel & cleafa+d hearta
iuero & no uoedo iuero.
<R 5.2>
(\Conuertimini ad dominum deum uestrum quia benignus et
misericors est patiens et mult+e misericordi+a
et prestabilis super malitia\) gicerra+d to [{drihten{]
god [{iuer{] [{for+don{] rummod & mildheart is gi+dyldig
& [{monigfald{] [{miltheart{] & unnend vel [{forgefend{]
ofer yfelgiornisse.
<R 5.3>
(\Clama ne cesses quasi tuba exalta uocem tuam et annuntia
populo meo scelera eorum et domui iacob
peccata eorum me etenim de die in diem quaerunt et scire
uias meas uolunt\) ceig vel clioppa ne [{blinne{]
su+alce bema upahef stefne +din & gis+agi folce
minum hehsynna hiara & huse [{iacob{] synno hiara
mehc & [{for+don{] of (}d+ag}) in (}d+ag}) soeca+d & giuta
uegas mino ualla+d.
<R 5.4>
(\Cvm effuderis esurienti animam tuam et animam afflictam
repleueris orietur in tenebris lux tua et
tenebr+e tuae erunt sicut meridies\) mi+d +dy +du ageatas
+d+am hungrige sauel +din & sawel awoerdedo vel
[{asuoenc{] +du gifylldest arise+d in +diostrum leht +din &
+diostro +dino bi+don suoelce mid (}d+ag}) .
<R 5.5>
(\Ecce non est adbreuiata manus domini vt saluare nequeat
neque adgrauata est auris eius ut non exaudiat\)
heono ne is giscyrtedo hond [{drihtnes{] +t+atte
h+ale +dy l+as m+agi ne +ac gihefigad is eare his
+t+atte ne gihere.
<R 6>
(\Incipit capitula in lxx\) .
<R 6.1>
(\Fratres ne scitis quod hii qui in stadio currunt omnes
quidem currunt sed unus accepit bradium sic
currite ut conprehendatis\) bro+dro nuton gie +t+at +da
+da +de in spyrde iorna+d allo [{wuted{] iorna+d ah
an onfoa+d +done sig su+a iorna+d gie +t+atte gie gigripa.
<R 6.2>
(\Fratres omnis qui in agone contendit ab omnibus se abstinet
et illi quidem ut corruptibilem coronam
accipiant nos autem incorruptam\) bro+dro +alc se +de in
erning giflita+d vel gite+d from allum hine
<P 6>
bihalde & +ta [{wuted{] +t+at sceomlic sigbeg hia onfoe ue
[{wuted{] [{unsceomlic{] .
<R 6.3>
(\Fratres ego igitur sic curro non quasi in incertum sic
pugno non quasi aeram uerberans sed castigo
corpus meum et in seruitutem redigo ne forte cum aliis
predicauerim ipse reprobus efficiar\) bro+dro
ic cu+dlice sua ic iorne no su+alce in [{unwuted{] su+a
ic fehto no suoelce lytt +derscende ah bego vel
cl+ansigo lichoma min & in nedhernise vel in +deodome ic
bego +dy l+as mi+d o+drum ic mersigo seolfa
[{forcy+ded{] ic sie gifremmad.
<R 7>
(\In lx\) .
<R 7.1>
(\Fratres libenter gloriabor in infirmitatibus meis ut
inhabitet in me uirtus christi\) [{bro+dro{] lustlice
ic wuldrigo in untrymnissum minum +t+atte inbye in mec
m+agn cristes.
<R 7.2>
(\Fratres cum essem paruulus loquebar ut paruulus sapiebam ut
paruulus cogitabam ut paruulus quando
autem factus sum uir euacuaui qu+e erant paruuli\)
[{bro+dro{] mi+d +dy ic u+as lytel ic spr+ac su+a lytel
ic hogade su+a lytel ic gi+dohte su+a lytel +da [{wuted{]
aworden ic am uoer ic giidlade +da +de uoeron lytles.
<R 7.3>
(\Fratres nunc autem manent fides spes caritas tria haec
maior autem horum est caritas\) [{bro+dro{] nu
[{wuted{] wuna+d lufu vel gileafa hyht godes lufu +drim +das
mara [{wuted{] +disra is bro+derlufu.
<R 7.4>
(\Fratres nemini quicquam debeatis nisi ut inuicem diligatis
qui enim diligit proximum legem impleuit\)
[{bro+dro{] menn ne +angum gie gid+afna+d butan +t+atte
bitwien gie lufige se +de [{for+don{] lufa+d +done neste
+a gifylle+d.
<R 7.5>
(\Fratres si quod est mandatum in hoc uerbo instauratur
diliges proximum tuum sicut te ipsum\) [{bro+dro{]
gif +t+at is bibod in +dissum worde eft is giboeted
lufa +du +done neste +din su+a +dec seolfne.
<R 7.6>
(\Fratres dilectio proximi malum non operatur plenitudo ergo
legis est dilectio\) [{bro+dro{] lufu +d+as
nestes yfel ne wyrce+d fylnisse [{for+don{] +aes is.
<R 8>
(\Hae sunt collectiones in septuagessima usque caput
ieiunii\) .
<R 8.1>
(\Preces populi tui quesumus domine clementer exaudi vt qui
iuste pro peccatis nostris affligimur
pro tui nominis gloria misericorditer liberemur\) beado
folces +dines ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] rummodlice
giher +t+atte
<P 7>
+da +de so+dlic [{fore{] synnum usum ue
bi+don asuoencde [{fore{] +dines nome wuldre miltheartlice
ue sie friado.
<R 8.2>
(\Deus qui conspicis quia ex nulla nostr+e actione confidimus
concede propitius ut contra aduersa omnia
doctoris gentium protectione tua muniamur per\) god +du
+de gisceawast [{for+don{] of n+angum [{user{]
dede ue gitriuadon gilef rummodlice +t+atte wi+d
wi+dirwordniso allo larwes h+a+dinra scildnise +dinum ue
sie gitrymmedo.
<R 8.3>
(\Preces nostras quesumus domine clementer exaudi atque a
peccatorum uinculis absolutos ab omni nos
aduersitate custodi per dominum\) gibeado usra ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] rummodlice giher & +ac from synna
bendum unbundeno from +alcum usig wi+dirwordnissum gihald
[{drihten{] .
<R 8.4>
(\Deus qui per ineffabilem obseruantium sacramenti famulorum
tuorum preparas uoluntates donis gratiae
tuae corda nostra purifica ut quod sancta est deuotione
tractandum sinceris mentibus exsequamur
per dominum\) god +du +de +derh [{unas+acgendlic{] bihaldnise
halges gihrynes +deana +dinra [{foregearwast{] willo
geafum gefe +dines hearta usra gicl+ansig +t+atte h+algo
is oeste to smeanne smyltum +dohtum ue gifylga
[{drihten{] .
<R 8.5>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus fragilitati nostr+e
sufficientiam competentem ut su+e reparationis
affectum et pia conuersatione recenseat et cum exultatione
suscipiat per\) gilef ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god [{tedernisse{] [{user{] [{cuoemlic{] gi+dafende
+t+at his eftniuuwunges tohigung & [{arf+ast{] lifbrycgung
[{gilehta{] & mi+d [{wynsumnisse{] underfoe.
<R 8.6>
(\Aufer a nobis domine quesumus iniquitates nostras ut ad
sancta sanctorum puris mereamur sensibus
introire per dominum\) afirr from us driht ue [{bidda+t{]
unrehtuisso usra +t+atte to halgo h+algana cl+anum we
giearniga +dohtum inngeonga.
<R 8.7>
(\Deus qui nos in tantis periculis constitutos scis
fragilitate non posse subsistere da nobis salutem
mentis et corporis ut ea quae pro peccatis nostris
patimur te adiuuante uincamus per dominum\) god +du +de
usig in miclum froecelnisum gisetedo uast tedernise ne m+agi
underbeara sel us h+alo +dohtes & lichomes
+t+atte +da +da +de [{fore{] synnum usum ue gi+doliga+d
+dec fultemmende [{foresui+de{] ue.
<P 8>
<R 8.8>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus infirmitatem nostram propitius
respice atque ad protegendum nos dexteram
tu+a maiestatis extende per\) [{allm+ahtig{] ece god
untrymmnise [{usa{] mildelice biseh & +ac to [{scildnise{]
usig sui+dra +dines m+agen+drymmes.
<R 8.9>
(\Rege quesumus domine populum tuum et grati+a tu+a in eo
dona multiplica ut ab omnibus liber offensis
et temporalibus non destituatur auxiliis et sempiternis
gaudiat institutis per\) giricsa ue [{bidda+d{]
[{drihten{] folc +din & gefe +dines in +d+am geafo
gimonigfalda +t+atte from allum frio ondspyrnisum &
tidlicum ne sie asundrad vel fultumum & ecelicum gifeaga
insetenum.
<R 9>
(\Feria iiii caput ieiunium\) .
<R 9.1>
(\Concede nobis domine presidia militi+a christiane sanctis
inchoare ieiuniis ut contra spiritales
nequitias pugnaturi continenti+e muniamur auxiliis per\)
gilef us [{drihten{] fultumo compdomes [{cristines{]
halgum onginna f+estinum +t+atte ong+agn gastlico
unrehtuiso gifehtendo [{bihaldennise{] ue sie af+astnado
fultemum.
<R 9.2>
(\Presta domine fidelibus tuis ut ieiuniorum est ueneranda
solemnia et congrua pietate suscipiant
et secura deuotione percurrant per dominum\) gionn
[{drihten{] gileaffullum +dinum +t+atte f+astinra is +da
arwyr+do hehtido & gibyredlicum [{arf+ast{] hia onfoe &
sorgleasum oeste hie +derhiorne.
<R 9.3>
(\Tuere domine populum tuum et ab omnibus peccatis clementer
emunda quia nulla ei nocebit aduersitas
si nulla dominetur iniquitas per\) giscild [{drihten{]
folc +din & from allum synnum rummodlice gicl+ansig
[{fore+don{] n+ango him vel gisce+de+d ui+derwordnise
gif n+ango gionu+alde+d unrehtuise.
<R 9.4>
(\Deus qui culpa offenderis penitentia placaris preces populi
tui supplicantis propitius respice et
flagella tuae iracundi+a qu+e pro peccatis nostris meremur
auerte per dominum\) god +du +de synno ondspyrnas
vel mi+d hreounisse gicuoemes vel gicuoemed bist beado
folces +dines biddendes rummodlice biseh & suyppa
+dines ura+d+do +dio vel +da +de fore synnum usum ue
giearnia ymbwoend.
<R 9.5>
(\Inchoata ieiunia quesumus domine benigno fauore prosequere
ut obseruantiam quam corporaliter exhibemus
mentibus ualeamus implere sinceris per dominum\) +da
onginnendo f+asteno ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] godlicum
mersunge
<P 9>
[{forefylg{] +t+atte bihaldennisse +t+at lichomlice
ue agefe +dohtum ue m+agi gifylle [{smyltlicum{] [{+derh{] .
<R 9.6>
(\Da quesumus domine fidelibus tuis ieiuniis paschalibus
conuenienter aptari ut suscepta solempniter
castigatio corporalis cunctis ad fructum proficiat
animarum per\) sel ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] gitriwum
+dinum f+astinum eastorlicum gibyredlice +t+at ue se
coreno +t+atte onfengo symbellice cl+ansunge lichomes
allum to u+astme giu+axe saula [{+derh{] .
<R 9.7>
(\Fac nos quesumus domine salutis nostr+e causas et deuotis
semper frequentare seruitutis et deuotius
recolere principaliter inchoatas per dominum\) do us ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] h+alo usra intingo & oestum
symle giniwia +deadomes & [{oestlice{] eft bigeonga
aldorlice agunneno [{+derh{] .
<R 9.8>
(\Adiuua nos deus noster ut inchoata ieiunia honorabiliter
recensentes deuotis mentibus assequamur
per\) gihelp usig god [{user{] +t+atte agunneno f+astino
wor+dlice eft niuando oestlicum +dohtum gifylga
we.
<R 9.9>
(\Obsecrationis huius annua celebritate laetantes quesumus
domine ut paschalibus actionibus inherentes
plenis eius effectibus gaudeamus per dominum\) gibedes +disses
[{gerlice{] mersunge gladiendo ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{]
+t+atte [{eastorlicum{] woercum on+diodendo fullum
his gifremmissum gigladia ue [{+derh{] .
<R 9.10>
(\Adesto domine suplicationibus nostris ut hoc solemne
ieiunium quod animis corporibusque curandis
salubriter institutum est deuoto seruitio celebremus per\)
tocym vel [{drihten{] gibeadum usum +t+atte
+dis [{hehtidlic{] f+astin +t+at +dohtum lichomum +ac
gemendum halwoendlice gisetted is [{oestlic{] hernise ue
gimersia.
<R 10>
(\Capitula in quadragessima i\) .
<R 10.1>
(\Haec dicit dominus deus ecce ego ipse requiram oues meas et
uisitabo eas sicut uisitat pastor gregem
suum in die quando fuerit in medio ouium suarum
dissipatarum\) +das cuoe+d drihten god heono ic
seolf eft soeca scip mino & ic soeco vel hia suae giniosa+d
hiorde ede his on d+agi +donne bi+d in middum
scipa hiora tostrogdenra.
<R 10.2>
(\Visitabo oues meas et liberabo eas de omnibus locis in
quibus dispers+e fuerant in die nubis et caliginis\)
ic giniosige scip mino & ic fria hia of allum
stoum in
<P 10>
+d+am tostrogdeno ueron on d+agi uolcenes
& mistes.
<R 10.3>
(\Ego pascam oues meas et ego eas accubare faciam dicit
dominus\) ic gilese scip mino & ic hia giresta
dom cuoe+d [{drihten{] .
<R 10.4>
(\Vir si fuerit iustus et fecerit iudicium et iustitiam inter
uirum et uirum\) uer gife bi+d so+df+ast
& gedoe+d dom & [{so+df+astnisse{] .
<R 10.5>
(\In preceptis meis ambulauerit et iudicia mea custodierit ut
faciat ueritatem hic iustus est uita
uiuet ait dominus\) in bibodum minum gig+a+d & domas mino
gihalde+d +t+atte gidoe [{so+df+astn{] +des so+df+ast
is life gilife+d cuoe+d [{drihten{] .
<R 10.6>
(\Haec dicit dominus deus anima quae peccauerit ipsa morietur
filius non portabit iniquitatem patris
et pater non portabit iniquitatem filii\) +das cuoe+d
[{drihten{] god sawel +dio +de gisynnga+d +dio sie dead
bearn ne bere+d unrehtuisnisse [^THE FOLLOWING SEVEN
WORDS ARE MISSING FROM THE TORONTO CORPUS^] fadores
& se f+ader ne beres unrehtvissnise bearnes.
<R 10.7>
(\Haec dicit dominus deus cum auerterit se impius ab
impietate sua quam operatus est et fecerit iudicium
et iustiam ipse animam suam uiuificabit\) +das
cvoe+d drihten god mi+d +dy ymwoendes hine se arleasa
from arleasnisse his +t+at wyrcend u+as & gidoe+d dom
& so+df+astnis +de ilca savel his giliff+asta+d.
<R 10.8>
(\Querite dominum dum inueniri potest inuocate eum dum prope
est\) soeca+d gie [{drihten{] mi+d +dy gimitta
m+agi [{innueardlice{] cliopa+d hine mi+d +dy neh is.
<R 10.9>
(\Derelinquat impius uiam suam et uir iniquus cogitationes
suas et reuertatur ad dominum et miserebitur
eius et ad deum nostrum quoniam multus est ad
ignoscendum\) [{forleta{] se arleasa weg his & wer
unrehtwis smeawngo his & eft giwoende to [{drihten{] &
milsend bi+d his & to gode userne for+don monig
is to [{forgeafanne{] .
<R 10.10>
(\Miserere nostri deus omnium et respice nos et ostende nobis
lucem miserationum tuarum\) gimilsa
[{user{] god alra & biseh usig & +adeaua us leht milsa +dinra.
<R 10.11>
(\Peccauimus iniquitatem fecimus domine in omni iustitia tua
auertatur obsecro ira tua et furor tuus
a ciuitate tua hierusalem et monte sancto tuo\) ue
syngadon unrehtuisnise ue dydon [{drihten{] in
alle [{so+df+astnisse{]
<P 11>
+din se ymbuoended ic biddo wr+a+do
+din & [{w+alm{] +din from ceastre +din [{hierusalem{] &
from more halgum +dinum.
<R 10.12>
(\Fili si habes bene fac tecum et deo dignas oblationes offer
memor esto quoniam mors non tardat et
testamentum inferorum quia demonstratum est tibi\) sunu
gif +du h+afe+d wel doe +dec mi+d & gode wyr+do
as+agdnisse gibreng gimyndig w+as +du [{for+don{] dea+d ne
latta+d & cy+dnise helluarana [{for+don{] +adeawad is +de.
<R 10.13>
(\Fili conuertere ad deum et relinque peccata tua pr+eca autem
faciem eius et minue offendiculum\) 
sunu gicerr to gode & [{forlet{] synno +dino gibidde [{wuted{]
ondwliote his & wona +t+at [{ondspyrnisse{] .
<R 10.14>
(\Fili peccasti ne adicias iterum sed et de pristinis
deprecare ut tibi remittantur\) sunu +du gisyngades
+dy l+as +du giece [{eft{] ah & of +d+am aldum gibidda
+t+atte +de bi+don [{forgefeno{] .
<R 10.15>
(\Fratres operamini opus uestrum ante tempus et dabit uobis
dominus mercedem uestram in tempore suo\)
bro+dro wyrca+d gie woerc [{iuer{] aer tiid & gisile+d
iuh [{drihten{] meard [{iuer{] in tid his.
<R 10.16>
(\Fratres ortamur vos ne in uacuum gratiam dei recipiatis ait
enim tempore accepto exaudiui te et
in die salutis adiuui te\) ue gitrymme+d iuih +dy l+as in
[{idilnisse{] gefe godes gie eft onfoe cuoe+d [{for+don{]
tide ondfenge ic giherde +dec & on d+agi h+ales ic
gihalp +dec.
<R 10.17>
(\Fratres ecce nunc tempus acceptabile ecce nunc dies salutis
nemini dantes ullam offensionem ut non
uituperetur ministerium nostrum sed in omnibus exhibeamus
nosmetipsos sicut dei ministros\) [{bro+dro{]
heono nu tid e+d ondfengelic heone nu d+agi h+ales
n+angum menn sellendo +angum [{ondspyrnisse{] +t+atte
no ateled sie hernise [{usa{] ah in allum agefe ue usig
seolfa su+a godes hero.
<R 10.18>
(\Fratres rogamus uos corripite inquietos consolamini
pusillanimes suscipite infirmos patientes estote
ad omnes\) [{bro+dro{] ue bidda+d iuih gi+drea+d gie +da
unbli+do gifroefra+d +da metmiclo underfoa+d +d+am
untrymmigum gi+dyldigo wosa+d to allum.
<R 10.19>
(\Fratres videte ne quis malum pro malo alicui reddat sed
semper quod bonum est sectamini inuicem
et in omnes\) [{bro+dro{] gisea+d gie +dy l+as aenig (}monn})
yfel [{fore{] yfle +angum 
<P 12>
agelda ah symle +t+atte
god is fylge+d gie bituen & in allum.
<R 10.20>
(\Fratres semper gaudete sine intermissione orate in omnibus
gratias agite haec est enim uoluntas
dei in christo iesu in omnibus uobis\) [{bro+dro{] symle 
gefea+d butan bituihblinnisse gibidda+d in allum
+doncunco doe+d gie +dis is [{for+don{] uillo godes in
criste h+alende in allum iuih.
<R 10.21>
(\Fratres estote imitatores dei sicut filii karissimi et
ambulate in dilectione sicut et christus
dilexit nos et tradidit semetipsum pro nobis oblationem et
hostiam deo in odorem suauitatis\) [{bro+dro{]
wosa+d gie gimaco vel gilicbiseno godes su+a sunu leafa
& ga+d gie in lufu su+a +ac crist gilufade
usig & gisalde seolfe hine fore usig geafa & as+agdnisse gode
in gistene suoetnises.
<R 10.22>
(\Fratres eratis enim aliquando tenebre nunc autem lux in
domino ut filii lucis ambulate fructus enim
lucis est in omni bonitate et iustitia et ueritate\)
[{bro+dro{] gie ueron for+don huilum +diostres
nu [{wuted{] leht in [{drihtne{] su+a beorno lehtes gaa+d gie
w+ast [{for+don{] lehtes is in +alcum godscipe &
[{so+df+astnisse{] & so+dnise.
<R 10.23>
(\Fratres omnis sermo malus ex ore uestro non procedat sed si
quis bonus ad edificationem oportunitatis
ut det gratiam audientibus\) [{bro+dro{] +alc word yfel
of mu+de iuerum ne so+dcyme ah gif huoelc god
to girine gibyredlices +t+atte giselle geafa +d+am
herendum.
<R 10.24>
(\Fratres nolite contristari spiritum sanctum in quo signati
estis in die redemptionis\) [{bro+dro{] n+alla+d
gie +t+atte unrotsiga gast haligne in +don gimercado
aron gie on d+agi gilesnisses.
<R 10.25>
(\Fratres omnis amaritudo et ira et indignatio et clamor et
blasphemia tollatur a uobis cum omni malitia\)
aelc bitternisse & irra & wr+a+d+do & ceir &
ebolsung sie ginummen from iuh mi+d +alcum yfelgiornise.
<R 10.26>
(\Fratres estote inuicem benigni misericordes donantes
inuicem sicut et deus in christo donauit uobis\)
[{bro+dro{] wosa+d gie bituen uel rummodo miltheorto
gefendo bituien su+a +ac god in criste salde iuh.
<P 13>
<R 10.27>
(\Fratres semper nos qui uiuimus in mortem tradimur propter
iesum ut et uita iesu manifestetur in
carne nostra mortali\) [{bro+dro{] symle usig +da +de ue
lifiga+d in dea+d ue bi+don sald [{fore{] +d+am h+alende
+t+atte +ac lif h+alendes giypped se in lichoma usra
deadlicum.
<R 10.28>
(\Fratres omnes nos manifestari oportet ante tribunal christi
ut referat unusquisque propria corporis
prout gessit siue bonum siue malum\) [{bro+dro{] alle
usig +t+at ue sie giyppedo gid+afna+d [{biforan{] hehse+dle
cristes +t+atte gibrenga an eghuoelc syndrigo dedo
lichomes su+a dyde o+d+de god o+d+de yfel.
<R 10.29>
(\Fratres potens est deus omnem gratiam habundare facere in
uobis ut in omnibus semper omne sufficientiam
habentes abundetis in omne opus bonum\) [{bro+dro{]
m+ahtig is god +alc gefe gimonigfaldiga gidoa
in iwih +t+atte in allum symle +alc gicuoemnise vel
h+abbendo gie monigfaldiga in +alcum woerc god.
<R 10.30>
(\Fratres gaudete perfecti estote exortamini idem sapite
pacem habete et deus dilectionis et pacis
erit uobiscum\) [{bro+dro{] gifea+d wisf+asto wossa+d gie
gitrumma+d gie +t+at ilca hoga+d gie sibb habba+d &
god [{lufsumnis{] & sibbes bi+d iuih mi+d.
<R 10.31>
(\Fratres nemo uos iudicet in cibo aut in potu aut in parte
diei festi aut nomine aut sabbatorum que
sunt umbra futurorum corpus autem christi nemo uos
seducat\) ne +anig (}monn}) iuih gidoeme in mette
vel in drince vel in d+al d+ages [{symbel{] vel nome vel
sunnadaga +da sindon [{forescya{] +dara toweardra
lichoma [{wuted{] cristes ne +anig (}monn}) iuih gisuica.
<R 10.32>
(\Fratres induite uos sicut electi dei sancti et dilecti
uiscera misericordi+a benignitatem humilitatem
modestiam patientiam subportantes inuicem et dominantes
uobismetipsis\) [{bro+dro{] giwoedes vel
iuih suoelce gicoreno godes h+algo & gileafo inna+do
miltheartnisses [{weldonis{] vel [{rummod{] e+dmodnise
[{gimetf+astnis{] gi+dyld underbeara+d bituien & onw+alda+d
iuih seolfum.
<R 10.33>
(\Fratres pax christi exultet in cordibus uestris in qua et
uocati estis in uno corpore et grati estote
uerbum christi habitet in uobis abundanter\)
[{bro+dro{] sibb cristes giwynsumiga in heartum [{iur{]
in +d+am +ac gie giceigdo aron in anum lichome & gi+doncolo
wosa+d gie word cristes gibye in iuih monigfaldlice.
<P 14>
<R 10.34>
(\Fratres omne quodcumque facitis in uerbo aut in opere omnia
in nomine domini iesu facite gratias
agentes deo et patri per ipsum\) [{bro+dro{] all +t+at su+a
hu+add gie gidoe in worde in woerce alle in nome
[{drihtnes{] h+alendes doa+d gie +doncunga doendo gode &
feder +derh +done.
<R 11>
(\Collectiones unde supra\) .
<R 11.1>
(\Deus qui aeclesiam tuam annua quadragesimali obseruatione
purificas presta famili+a tu+a ut quod a
te optinere abstinendo nititur hoc bonis operibus exequamur
per\) god +du +de cirica +din gerlicum [{f+astnlic{]
bihaldnisse +du gicl+ansas gionn +diuonum +dinum
vel higo +dine +t+atte +t+at from +de gihalda mi+d
[{forh+aftnise{] bi+d gicostad +disum godum woercum we
gifylga.
<R 11.2>
(\Da nobis quesumus omnipotens deus +aterne promissionis
gaudia querere et quaesita citius inuenire
per dominum\) sel us ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god ece
[{hates{] gifea soeca & +da bigetno [{hrae+de{] gimitta.
<R 11.3>
(\Adesto quesumus domine supplicationibus nostris et in tua
misericordia confidentes ab omni nos aduersitate
custodi per\) ues +du vel tocym ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] gibeadum usum & in +dinum [{miltheartnisse{]
gitriwendo from +alcum usig wi+dirwordnise gihald.
<R 11.4>
(\Conuerte nos deus salutaris noster et ut nobis ieiunium
quadragesimale proficiat mentes nostras c+alestibus
instrue disciplinis per\) gicerr usig god
[{halwoend{] [{usern{] & +t+atte us [{f+astn{] [{f+astin{]
gi+dii +dohtum vel +dohto usra heofonlicum gil+ar +deadscipum.
<R 11.5>
(\Respice domine familiam tuam et presta ut aput te mens
nostra tuo desiderio fulgeat que se carnis
maceratione castigat per dominum\) biseh [{drihten{] higo 
+din & gionn +t+atte mi+d +de +doht usra +dinum uillo giscina
+da +de hine fl+asces wonunge gibega.
<R 11.6>
(\Preces nostras quesumus domine clementer exaudi et contra
cuncta nobis aduersantia dexteram tuae
maiestatis extende per\) gibeodo usra ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] rummodlice giher & ong+agn allo us
[{wi+dirwordnisse{] sui+dre +dines [{m+agen+drym{] gir+ac
[{+derh{] .
<P 15>
<R 11.7>
(\Deuotionem populi tui quesumus domine benignus intende ut
qui per abstinentiam macerantur in corpore
per fructum boni operis reficiantur in mente per dominum\) 
oest folces +dines ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] rummod
bihald +t+atte +da +de +derh [{forh+afnise{] [{awonad{]
bi+don in lichoma +derh w+astem godes woerces hia sie
giriordado in +dohte [{+derh{] .
<R 11.8>
(\Mentes nostras quesumus domine lumine tu+a claritatis
inlustra ut uidere possimus que agenda sunt
et que recta sunt agere ualeamus per dominum\) +dohto usra
ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] lehtum +dines brehtnises
gieondf+ar vel +t+atte gisea ue m+agi +da +de doendo
aron & +da +de rehto sint gidoa ue m+agi [{+derh{] .
<R 11.9>
(\Da quesumus domine populis christianis et que profitentur
agnoscere et celeste munus diligere quod
frequentant per\) sel ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] folcum
cristinum & +da +de giondeta+d to ongeattanne vel
& heofonlic +ding lufiga +t+at symliga+d vel oft giniosa+d.
<R 11.10>
(\Esto domine propitius plebi tuae et quam tibi facis esse
deuotam benigno refoue miseratus auxilio
per\) ues +du [{drihten{] miltheort folcum +dinum & +t+at
+de doest uossa oestig rummode gihelp [{milsend{]
fultumme.
<R 11.11>
(\Populum tuum domine quesumus propitius respice atque ab eo
flagella tu+a iracundie clementer auerte
per\) folc +din [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] mildelice
bisigh & +ac from +d+am syppo +dines wr+a+d+do rumodlice
ymbwoend.
<R 11.12>
(\Protector noster aspice deus et qui malorum nostrorum
pondere premimur percepta misericordia libera
tibi mente famulemur per\) scildend userne bihald god &
+da +de yfelra [{usera{] hefignisse ue bi+don
a+dryht +derh ondfenge [{miltheortnisse{] ue sie friad +de
+dohte ue gehersumiga.
<R 11.13>
(\Adesto quesumus domine supplicationibus nostris ut esse te
largiente mereamur et inter prospera
humiles et inter aduersa securi per dominum\) tocym ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] gibeadum usum +t+at wossa +dec
gefende we giearniga & bituih wala e+dmodo & bituien
wi+dirwordnisso orsorgo.
<R 11.14>
(\Actiones nostras quesumus domine et aspirando preueni et
adiuuando prosequere ut cunta operatio
et a te semper incipiat et per te cepta finiatur per\) dedo
usra ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] & +da inbolgeno
[{foracym{] & mi+d helpe gifylga +t+atte allo wyrcengo &
from +de
<P 16>
symle onginne & +derh +dec +da onfoendo
sie giendado [{+derh{] .
<R 11.15>
(\Deus qui conspicis omni nos uirtute destitui interius
exteriusque custodi et ut ab omnibus aduersitatibus
muniamur in corpore et a prauis cogitationibus
mund+amur in mente per\) god +du +de bisiist
+alc usig m+ahte gisceadest bituih vel [{bina{] butan +ac
gihald +ac +t+at from allum wi+dirweardnissum ue
sie gitrymmed in lichome & fro woewum gi+dohtum ue sie
gicl+ansado in +dohte +derh.
<R 11.16>
(\Praesta quesumus omnipotens deus ut familia tua que se
affligendo carnem ab alimentis abstinet sectando
iustitiam a culpa ieiunet per dominum\) gionn ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte higo +din +da +de
hia mi+d [{woerdnise{] vel fl+asc from giriordum gihalda+d
mi+d fylginge so+df+astnise from synne gifeasta +derh.
<R 11.17>
(\Perfice quesumus domine benignus in nobis obseruanti+a
sancte subsidium ut que te auctore facienda
cognouimus te operante impleamus per\) +derhendig ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] rummod in us bihaldennisses
halges helpe +t+atte +da +dec frumscepend doendo we ongeton
+dec wyrcende we gifylle [{+derh{] .
<R 11.18>
(\Populum tuum domine propitius respice et quos ab escis
carnalibus precipis abstinere a noxiis quoque
uitiis cessare concede per\) folc +din [{drihten{]
miltheart eft biseh & +da from giriordum [{forhabba{]
from sce+d+dendum +ac +don woerdnisum giblinna
[{forgef{] vel gilef.
<R 11.19>
(\Presta nobis domine quesumus auxilium grati+a tu+a ut
ieiuniis et orationibus conuenienter intenti
liberemur ab hostibus mentis et corporis per dominum\) gionn 
us [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] helpe [{gefe{] +dines +t+atte
mi+d f+astinum gibeadum gibyredlice gi+doncolo we sie
alesad from fiondum +dohtes & lichomes [{+derh{] .
<R 11.20>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus ut sacro nos purificante
ieiunio sinceris mentibus ad sancta uentura
facias peruenire per\) sel ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god
+t+atte halgum usig gicl+ansunge f+astinum smyltum
+dohtum to halgo tocymendo +du doest +derhcyme [{+derh{] .
<R 11.21>
(\Da quesumus domine nostris effectum ieiuniis salutarem ut
castigatio carnis assumpta ad nostrarum
uegetationem transeat animarum per dominum\) sel ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] usum gifremnisse f+astinum
<P 17>
halwoende +t+atte cl+ansunge lichomes ondfoengo to usra
ymbwoending vel [{ofliora{] saula [{+derh{] .
<R 11.22>
(\Familiam tuam quesumus domine continua pietate custodi ut
que in sola spe grati+a celestis innititur
c+alesti etiam protectione muniatur per dominum\) hiorad
+din ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] mi+d symlinga [{arf+astnisse{]
giheald +t+atte +da in anra hyht gefes
heofonlices inn bi+d gicosted heofonlicum [{wuted{]
giscildnise we sie gitrymmed [{+derh{] .
<R 11.23>
(\Cordibus nostris quesumus domine benignus infunde ut sicut
ab escis corporalibus abstinemus ita
sensus quoque nostros a noxiis retrahamus excessibus per\)
heortum usum we [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] [{rummod{]
ond+al +t+atte su+a from giriordum lichomlicum we bihalda
usig sig +doht +ac +don usra from woerdnisum
eft we sie afirred fromfarum [^TORONTO CORPUS AND EDITION:      #
from farum^] [{+derh{] .
<R 11.24>
(\Subueniat nobis domine misericordia tua ut ab inminentibus
peccatorum nostrorum periculis te mereamur
protegente saluari per dominum\) unde cyme us
[{drihten{] miltheartnisse +din +t+atte from onbiotendum
synna usra froecilnissum +dec ue giearniga we sie
gih+aledo.
<R 11.25>
(\Presta nobis quesumus domine ut salutaribus ieiuniis
eruditi a noxiis quoque uitiis abstinentes
propitiationem tuam facilius impetremus per\) gionn us ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] +t+atte halwoendum f+astinum
gil+aredo from sce+d+dendum +ac +don woerdnisum vel
[{synnum{] bihaldendo [{rummodnisse{] +din +dy e+delicor vel
ea+dor we bigette.
<R 11.26>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus ut qui protectionis tu+a
gratiam querimus liberati ab omnibus malis
secura tibi mente seruiamus per\) gilef ue [{bidda+t{]
[{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de scildnises +dines
gefe we soeca+d gifriado from allum yflum sorgleasum +de
+dohte gihera we [{+derh{] .
<R 11.27>
(\Ieiunia nostra quesumus domine benigno fauore prosequere ut
sicut ab alimentis in corpore ita a
uitiis ieiunemus in mente per dominum\) f+astino usra we
[{bidda+t{] drihten rummodlicum helpe gifylga
+t+atte suae from giriordum in lichoma su+a from synnum ue
gif+ast+a in +dohte [{+derh{] .
<R 11.28>
(\Deus qui in deserti regione multitudinem populi tua uirtute
satiasti in huius quoque seculi transeuntis
excursu uictum nobis [{spiritalem{] ne deficiamus
inpende per\) god +du +de in woestigum londe
monigfaldnisse folces +dinum
<P 18>
m+ahte giriordest in +disses +ac +don uoruldes giliorendlices
from erninge giriord us gastlic +dy l+as we aspringa agef  
[{+derh{] .
<R 11.29>
(\Deus qui et iustis premia meritorum et peccatoribus per
ieiunium ueniam prebes miserere supplicibus
tuis ut reatus nostri confessio indulgentiam ualeat
percipere delictorum per dominum\) god +du
+de & so+df+ast mearda +dara earnunge & synnum +derh f+astinum
[{forgefnise{] +du giunna gimilsa gi+doncum vel
+dinum +t+atte agyltinges usra ondetnisse [{forgefnisse{]
gitrumma onfoa synn [{+derh{] .
<R 11.30>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus ut quos ieiunia uotiua
castigant ipsa quoque deuotio sancta l+atificet
ut terrenis affectibus mitigatis facilius c+alestia
capiamus per dominum\) gionn we [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god +t+atte +da f+astino oestlico hia
gicl+ansigo +da ilca +ac oesto halig gigladiga +t+atte
ear+dlicum gifremnissum vel gimetgadum +dy ea+dor heofonlico
we giniomma [{+derh{] .
<R 11.31>
(\Deus qui ineffabilibus mundum renouas sacramentis presta
quesumus ut aeclesia tua +aternis proficiat
institutis et temporalibus non destituatur auxiliis per\)
god +du +de mi+d unas+acgendlicum [{middangeard{]
+du eft niwas halgum girynum gearwig vel gionn we
[{bidda+t{] +t+atte cirica +din ecelicum gi+dii [{insetnisum{]
& tidlicum vel ne sie asceaden from fultumum.
<R 11.32>
(\Fiat domine quesumus pro gratiam tuam fructuosus nostre
deuotionis affectus quia tunc nobis proderunt
suscepta ieiunia si tuae sint placita pietati per\)
sie [{drihten{] we [{bidda+t{] [{fore{] gefe +din w+astimlic
[{user{] oestes tohigung vel [{gifremnisse{]
[{for+don{] +da us gi+dungon +da onfoendo f+astino gif +dines
sie gicuoemlico arf+astnise.
<R 11.33>
(\Deus qui sperantibus in te misereri potius eligis quam
irasci da nobis digne flere mala qu+e fecimus
ut tu+e consolationis gratiam inuenire ualeamus per dominum\) 
god +du +de hyhtendum on +dec +t+atte sie gimilsado
rehtlicor +du [{giceas{] +don iorsiga sel us
gimeodomlice woepa yfla +da +de we dydon +t+atte +dines 
[{gifrofor{] geafona gimitta we m+agi [{+derh{] .
<R 12>
(\Item capitula ex profetis de passione domini\) .
<R 12.1>
(\Super montem caligosum leuate signum exaltate uocem leuate
manum et ingrediantur portas duces\) 
ofer mor mistig vel ahefa+d becon gihebba+d stefne ahefa+d
hond & inng+e +da g+ato [{aldormen{] .
<P 19>
<R 12.2>
(\Haec dicit dominus ego sum ego sum qui deleo iniquitates
tuas propter me et peccatorum tuorum non
recordabor\) +das cuoe+d drihten ic am ic am +de +de ic
gidilga [{unrehtwisnisse{] +dino [{fore{] mec & synna
+dinra no eft ic gimyndga.
<R 12.3>
(\In tempore placito exaudiui te et in die salutis auxiliatus
sum tui\) in tide gicuoemlicum ic giherde
+dec & on (}d+ag}) h+ales helpend am +dines.
<R 12.4>
(\Dominus deus aperuit mihi aurem ego autem non contra dico
retrorsum non abii corpus meum dedi percutientibus
et genas meas uellentibus faciem meam non
auerti ab increpantibus et conspuentibus in
me\) [{drihten{] god untynde me eare ic [{wuted{] ne
wi+dcui+do on b+acling ne eadig lichome min ic gisalde
sl+andum & hleawro mino ymbwoendendum onsion min ne
ymbcerdig from gi+dreandum & gispittendum on
mec.
<R 12.5>
(\dominus deus auxiliator meus et ideo non sum confusus ideo
posui faciem meam ut petram durissimam
et scio quoniam non confundar\) [{drihten{] god helpend min
& [{fore+don{] nam ic sceomigende [{for+don{] ic
gisette ondwlioto mino soelce stancarr heard & ic wat
[{for+don{] ne biom ic sceomigende.
<R 12.6>
(\Quis ex uobis timens deum audiens uocem serui sui quis
ambulauit in tenebris et non est lumen ei
speret in nomine domini et innitatur in domino deo suo\)
huoelc of iuh ondredende god herende stefne
esnes sines huoelc gieade in +diostrum & nis leht him
gihyhte in nome [{drihtnes{] & gicunned bi+d
in [{drihtne{] gode sin.
<R 12.7>
(\Domine quis credidit auditui nostro et brachium domini cui
reuelatum est et ascendet sicut uirgultum
coram eo et sicut radix de terra sitienti\) [{drihten{]
huoelc gilefe+d gihernis usum & earm drihtnes
is & astige+d suoelce gibrogne vel [{bifora{] hine &
suoelce wyrtrum of ear+de +dyrstendum.
<R 12.8>
(\Omnes nos quasi oues errauimus unus quisque in uiam suam
declinauit et dominus posuit in eo iniquitatem
omnium nostrum oblatus est quia ipse uoluit et non
aperuit os suum\) alle we suoelce scipo
we gidwaladon an eghuoelc on weg his giw+arlde & [{drihten{]
gisette on hine [{unrehtwisnisse{] allra
<P 20>
usra agefen w+as [{for+don{] he seolf walde & ne untynde mu+d
his.
<R 12.9>
(\Sana me domine et sanabor saluum me fac et saluus ero
quoniam laus mea tu es\) gih+al mec [{drihten{]
& ic biom h+aled hal mec do & hal ic biom [{for+don{]
herenisse min +du ar+d.
<R 12.10>
(\Pars mea dominus dixit anima mea propterea expectabo eum
bonum est dominus sperantibus in eum anime
querenti illum\) d+al min [{drihten{] cuoe+d sauel min
[{fore+don{] ic bido hine god is [{drihten{] [{hyhtendum{]
on hine sawle soecende hine.
<R 12.11>
(\Bonum est prestolari cum silentio salutare domini quia non
repellet in sempiternum dominus sed miserebitur
secundum multitudinem misericordiarum suarum\)
god is gigeafiga mi+d suigunga halwoend [{drihtnes{]
[{for+don{] ne [{fordrifa+d{] in ecnisse
[{drihten{] ah gimilsage+d [{+aft{] monigfaldnise
sinra.
<R 12.12>
(\Scrutetur uias nostras et queramus et reuertamur ad dominum
leuemus corda nostra [{cum manibus{] ad dominum
in caelos\) gismea+d wegas usra & gisoece we & gicerre
we to drihtne ahebbe we hearta usra mi+d
hondum to drihtne in heofnas.
<R 12.13>
(\Ne auertas domine aurem tuam a singultu meo et claribus
adpropinquasti in die quando inuocaui te\)
+dy l+as +du ymbwoende [{drihten{] eore +din from
suoretunge minum & [{brehtum{] to +du gineolecdest on d+agi
[{+don{] [{giincege{] +dec.
<R 12.14>
(\dixisti ne timeas quia ego sum dominus deus tuus\) +du
cuoede +dy l+as +du ondrede [{for+don{] ic am [{drihten{]
god +din.
<R 12.15>
(\Iudicasti domine causam anim+e me+a redemptor uit+e me+a
domine deus meus\) gidoemdest [{drihten{] intinga
sawles mines lesend lifes mines [{drihten{] god min.
<R 12.16>
(\In tempore placito exaudiui te et in die salutis auxiliatus
sum tui et seruaui te et dedi te in
fedus populi ut suscitares terram et possideres
hereditates dissipatas ut diceres his qui uincti
sunt exite et his qui in tenebris reuelamini\) in tide
gicwoemlicum ic giherde +dec & on (}d+ag}) h+ales
helpend am +dines & ic heald +dec & salde +dec in sibbe
folces +t+atte +du awoece vel awoehtest
<P 21>
eor+de & +du giagnige erfwardniso gispilledo +t+atte +du
cuoe+de +d+am +da +de gibundeno aron faras [{gie{] & +d+am
+da +de on +diostrum eft unawria+d gie.
<R 13>
(\Item capitule ex apostolorum\) .
<R 13.1>
(\Fratres christus adsistens pontifex futurorum bonorum per
amplius et perfectius tabernaculum non
manufactum id est non huius creationis neque per sanguinem
hyrcorum et uitulorum sed proprium sanguinem
introiuit semel in sancta aeterna redemptione
inuenta\) [{bro+dro{] crist to stondende hehsceaware
vel biscop towardra god fullunga vel & wistf+astlice
hus vel no hondgiwoerc +t+at is +disses [{no{] [{gisc+appes{]
ne +ac +derh blod heffera & ealfera ah +derh agenligc
blod inn foerde [{+ane{] in halga eco lesinge
gimoeted.
<R 13.2>
(\Fratres hoc enim sentite in uobis quod et in christo iesu
qui cum in forma dei esset non rapinam
arbitratus esse se equalem deo sed semet ipsum exinaniuit
formam serui accipiens in similitutinem
hominum factus et habitu inuentus ut homo\) [{bro+dro{]
+dis [{for+don{] gifoela+d gie in iuih +t+at & in crist
h+alend se +de mi+d +dy on bisine godes were vel u+as no
nednioma gidoemede +t+atte woere hine efne gilic
gode ah hine seolfne ofdune ahnag bisine +dr+eles onfoende
vel on onlicnisse monna aworden & onlicnisse
gimoeted su+a (}monn}) .
<R 13.3>
(\Fratres christus humiliauit semet ipsum factus obediens
usque ad mortem mortem autem crucis\) [{bro+dro{]
crist gie+dmodade hine seolfne aworden hersum o+d to
dea+de dea+d [{wuted{] rodes.
<R 13.4>
(\Fratres christus semel pro peccatis nostris mortuus est
iustus pro iniustis ut nos offerret deo
mortificatus carne uiuificatus autem spiritu\) [{bro+dro{]
crist aene fore synnum usum dead is so+df+ast
fore unso+df+astum +t+atte usig agefe gode gide+ded lichome
giliff+asted [{wuted{] gaste.
<R 13.5>
(\Fratres christo igitur passo in carne et uos eadem
cogitatione armamini quia qui passus est in carne
desiit a peccatis\) bro+dro criste cu+dlice mi+d +dy
gi+drowade in lichome & gie +d+am ilca smeawnge 
iuih giwoepniga+d [{for+don{] se +de +drowende is in lichome
[{forleten{] bi+d [{forloren{] from synnum.
<P 22>
<R 13.6>
(\Fratres deus autem omnis grati+a qui uocauit nos in
aeternam suam gloriam in christo iesu modicum
passus ipse perficiet et confirmabit solidabitque ipsi
gloria et imperium in secula seculorum [{amen{] \)
[{bro+dro{] god [{wuted{] +alces gefe se +de
gicliopade usig in eco his wuldre in criste h+alende lytel
gi+drowade +de ilca +derhgiendiga & gitrymma &
gista+dolf+astniga +d+am wuldur & onw+ald in worlda [{world{]
so+dlice.
<R 13.7>
(\Fratres cum adhuc peccatores essemus christus pro nobis
mortuus est multo magis reconciliati salui
erimus in uita ipsius\) [{bro+dro{] mi+d +dy [{+dageane{]
synnfullo we woeron crist [{fore{] usig dead is micle
mara eft gi+dingado halo we bi+don in lif +d+as.
<R 13.8>
(\Fratres si deus pro nobis quis contra nos qui etiam filio
suo proprio non pepercit sed pro nobis
omnibus tradidit illum\) [{bro+dro{] gif god [{fore{] usig
hua wi+d us se +de gee bearne sinum syndrigum ne
gisp+arede ah [{fore{] usig alle gisalde hine.
<R 13.9>
(\Fratres mihi autem absit gloriari nisi in cruce domini
nostri iesu christi per quem mundus crucifixus
est et ego mundo\) [{bro+dro{] me [{wuted{] sie fearr
+t+at ic wuldrige butan on rode [{drihtnes{] [{uses{]
[{h+alendes{] [{cristes{] +derh +done [{middangeard{]
gi+drowad is & ic [{middangearde{] .
<R 14>
(\Item collecta\) .
<R 14.1>
(\Deus omnipotens deus familiam tuam propitius respice ut te
largiente regatur in corpore et te seruante
custodiatur in mente per dominum\) god [{allm+ahtig{]
god higo +din mildelice eft bisih +t+atte +dec
gefende sie giricsad on lichome & +dec haldende sie
gihalden in +dohte [{+derh{] .
<R 14.2>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui humano generi ad imitandum
humilitatis exemplum saluatorem nostrum
carnem sumere et crucem subire fecisti concede propitius vt
et patienti+a ipsius habere documenta
et resurrectionis consortia mereamur per eundem\)
[{allm+ahtig{] ece god +du +de menniscum cynne to gilicanne
vel [{e+dmodnisse{] bisin h+alend userne lichome onfoa
& rod un gaa dyde gilef rummodlice +t+atte
+ac gi+dyldes +d+as ilca habba laro & erestes gilytto we
giearniga.
<P 23>
<R 14.3>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui in tot aduersis ex
nostra infirmitate deficimus intercedente
unigeniti filii tui passione liberemur qui te\) sel ue
[{bidda+t{] allm+ahtig god +t+atte +da +de in feolo
wi+dirweardnisum of usra [{untrymnisse{] we aspringa+d
gi+dingande vel [{ancendes{] sunu +dines +drownges we
sie friado se +de.
<R 14.4>
(\Adiuua nos deus salutaris noster et ad beneficia recolenda
quibus nos instaurare dignatus es tribue
uenire gaudentes per dominum\) gihelp usig god [{halwoende{]
[{user{] & to welgidoeno eft bigengo vel +d+am usig
eft giboeta gimeadomad ar+d r+ac cyme gifeando [{+derh{] .
<R 14.5>
(\Sanctifica quesumus domine nostra ieiunia et cunctarum
nobis propitius indulgentiam largire culparum
per dominum\) gihalga ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] usra
f+astino & allra us mildelice [{forgefnisse{] gef
[{syna{] vel agyltingo [{+derh{] .
<R 14.6>
(\Nostra tibi domine quesumus sint accepta ieiunia qu+e nos
expiando grati+a tu+a dignos efficiant et
ad remedia perducant eterna per dominum\) usra +de
[{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] aron onfoengo f+astino +da usig
gi+dynge gefe +dines wyr+do gifremmo & to lecedomum
+derhl+ada hia ecum [{+derh{] .
<R 14.7>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus da nobis ita dominic+e passionis
sacramenta peragere ut indulgentiam percipere
mereamur per eundem\) [{allm+ahtig{] ece god sel us
su+a drihtenlices +drounges halga giryno +derhdoa
+t+atte [{forgefnisse{] onfoa we gierniga [{+derh{] .
<R 14.8>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui nostris excessibus
incessanter affligimur per unigeniti tui
passionem liberemur qui tecum\) gearwa vel [{gion{] ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de usum farum
unablinnenlice we bi+don awoerdedo +derh [{ancend{] +dines
+drounge we sie friado se +dec.
<R 14.9>
(\Deus qui pro nobis filium tuum crucis patibulum subire
uoluisti vt inimici a nobis expelleres potestatem
concede nobis famulis tuis ut resurrectionis gratiam
consequamur per eundem\) god +du +de [{fore{]
us sunu +din rodes galgatre undergaa +dy waldest
+t+atte fiondas from usig afirdest m+aht gilef us
+diwum +dinum +t+atte erestes gefe we gifylga [{+derh{] .
<P 24>
<R 14.10>
(\Largire sensibus nostris omnipotens deus vt per temporalem
filii tui mortem quam misteria ueneranda
testantur vitam nobis dedisse perpetuam confidamus per
eundem\) gef +dohtum usum [{alm+ahtig{] god
+t+atte +derh tidlicum bearnes +dines dea+d +t+at is giryno
arwyr+do bi+don gitrymmedo lif us gisalde ece gitriwa we 
[{+derh{] .
<R 14.11>
(\Respice domine quesumus super hanc familiam tuam pro qua
dominus noster iesus christus non dubitauit
manibus tradi nocentium et crucis subire tormentum qui
tecum\) bisih [{drihten{] we [{bidda+t{] [{ofer{]
+das higo +din [{fore{] +d+am [{drihten{] [{us{] [{h+alend{]
crist ne gituieda hondum +t+at woere sald scyldigra &
[{rod{] ungaa pinung [{+derh{] .
<R 14.12>
(\Da misericors deus vt quod in tui filii passione mundus
exercuit salutare nobis fideliter sentiamus
per eundem\) sel milthearta god +t+atte +t+at in +dines
bearnes +drownge [{middangeard{] bieade halwoende
us gitriwalice ue gifoela.
<R 14.13>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens et misericors deus vt sicut in
condemnationem filii tui salus omnium
fuit piaculum perfidorum ita per misericordiam tuam communis
sit cultus iste credentium per eundem\)
gionn ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] & milthearta god
+t+atte suae in ni+drunge bearnes +dines h+alo allra w+as
[{arf+ast{] triwleasra su+a +derh [{miltheartnisse{] +din
[{gim+ansumnisse{] sie bigeon +des gilefendra vel.
<R 15>
(\Capitula de resurrectione domini\) .
<R 15.1>
(\Benedictus deus et pater domini nostri iesu christi qui
secundum magnam misericordiam suam regenerauit
nos in spem uiuam per resurrectionem iesu christi ex
mortuis in hereditatem incorruptam et
incontaminatam et inmarcescibilem conseruatam in c+alis\)
gibloedsad [{god{] & f+ader [{drihtnes{] uses [{h+alendes{]
[{crist{] se +de [{+aft{] micla [{miltheartnisse{]
his eft gicende usig in hyht cuicum +derh erest [{h+alend{]
[{crist{] from deadum in erfeueardnisse unscended &
unawidlad & [{unascryuncan{] gihalden on heofnum.
<R 15.2>
(\Fratres scientes quod non corruptibilibus argento uel auro
redempti estis de uana uestra conuersatione
patern+e traditionis sed pretioso sanguine quasi agni
incontaminati et inmaculati christi\) 
[{bro+dro{] wutas gie +t+at ne sceondlicum seolfre vel golde
gileseno aron gie of idlum iuere wosa vel fadorlices
[{giselenisses{] ah diorwyr+dum blode suoelce
lombes unawidlades & [{unawoemmed{] [{crist{] .
<P 25>
<R 15.3>
(\Fratres si consurrexistis cum christo qu+e sursum sunt
querite ubi christus est in dexteram dei sedens
quae sursum sunt sapite non quae super terram\)
[{bro+dro{] gif gie girioson mi+d criste +da +de upp
sindon soeca+d huer crist is on sui+dre godes sittende +da
+de upp sint hoga+d gie no +da +de [{ofer{] eor+de
aron.
<R 15.4>
(\Fratres mortui estis et uita uestra abscondita est cum
christo in deo cum enim christus apparuerit
uita uestra tunc et uos apparebitis cum ipso in gloria\)
[{bro+dro{] deado aron gie & lif iwero gideglad
is mi+d criste on gode mi+d +dy [{for+don{] crist
+adeawa+d lif iuero +da vel [{+don{] & gie bi+don +adeawado
mi+d +d+am in wuldre.
<R 15.5>
(\Fratres expurgate uetus fermentum ut sitis noua consparsio
etenim pascha nostrum immolatus est
christus\) [{bro+dro{] gicl+ansa+d gie +da alde d+arsto
+t+atte gie sie niwunge gistrogdnisse & +ac [{for+don{]
eastro usra agefen is crist.
<R 15.6>
(\Fratres epulemur non in fermento ueteri neque in fermento
maliti+a et nequiti+a sed in azymis sinceritatis
et ueritatis\) [{bro+dro{] gihriordiga ue no in
daerstum aldum ne +ac in d+arstum yfelgiornisse
& unwisnise ah on d+arstum vel on +dearfum biluitnises &
so+df+astnises.
<R 15.7>
(\Fratres deponentes omnem malitiam et omnem dolum et
simulationes et inuidias et omnes detractiones
sicut modo geniti infantes rationabile et sine dolo lac
concupiscite ut in eo crescatis in salutem\)
[{bro+dro{] ascyfa+d aelc [{yfelgiornisse{] & aelc
facon & esuico & aefisto & allo tuispreco suoelce
nu gicendo cildo rehtuislice & butan facne milc [{wilnig{]
+t+atte in hine gie giw+axe in h+alo.
<R 15.8>
(\Fratres vos genus electum regale sacerdotium gens sancta
populus adquisitionis ut uirtutes annunti+atis
eius qui de tenebris uos uocauit in admirabile lumen
suum qui aliquando non populus nunc autem
populus dei et qui non secuti misericordiam nunc autem
misericordiam consecuti\) [{bro+dro{] gie cynn
gicoren cyne sacerdlic cynn halig folc begetene +t+atte
m+agno gie gis+acge his se +de of +diostrum
iuih gicliopade in wunderlicum lehte his se +de huilum no
folc nu [{wuted{] folc godes & +da +de no fylgendo
miltheartnise nu huoe+dre [{miltheart{] gifylgedon.
<R 15.9>
(\Karissimi christus semel pro peccatis nostris mortuus est
iustus pro iniustis ut nos offerret deo
mortificatus quidem carne uiuificatus autem spiritu\)
leafa crist aene [{fore{] synnum usum dead is
so+df+ast fore unso+df+astum +t+atte usig as+agde gode
gide+ded
<P 26>
so+dlice vel lichome giliff+asted [{wuted{] gaste.
<R 15.10>
(\Fratres christus passus est pro nobis uobis relinquens
exemplum ut sequamini uestigia eius qui peccatum
non fecit nec inuentus est dolus in ore eius\)
[{bro+dro{] crist gi+drowad is [{fore{] us iuh [{forletende{]
bisin +t+at gie folgiga sw+a+de his se +de synn ne
dyde ne gimoeted is facon in mu+de his.
<R 15.11>
(\Fratres quicumque baptizati sunt in christo iesu in morte
ipsius baptizati sumus consepulti enim
sumus cum illo per baptismum in morte vt quomodo resurrexit
christus a mortuis per gloriam patris
ita et nos in nouitate uite ambulemus\) [{bro+dro{] +da
su+a huoelc gifulwwado sint in criste [{h+alend{] on
dea+de +d+as gifwluado we aron gibyrgedo [{for+don{] we
aron mi+d +d+am +derh fulwiht on dea+d su+a su+a eft
aras crist from deadum +derh wuldur [{fador{] sua +ac ue in
niwunge lifes geonga we.
<R 15.12>
(\Fratres hoc scientes quia uetus homo noster simul
crucifixus est ut destruatur corpus peccati ut
ultra non seruiamus peccato qui enim mortuus est
iustificatus est a peccato\) [{bro+dro{] +dis witendo
[{for+don{] se alda (}monn}) [{user{] gilic ahoen is +t+atte
were tostrogden lichoma [{syn{] +t+at [{for+dor{] ne gihere
we to synne se +de [{for+don{] dead is giso+df+asted is
from synne.
<R 15.13>
(\Fratres si mortui sumus cum christo credimus quia simul
etiam uiuemus cum christo scientes quod
christus surgens a mortuis iam non moritur mors illi ultra
non dominabitur\) [{bro+dro{] gif deado ue
sindon mi+d criste ue gilefa+d +t+atte gilic vel +atgeadre
[{wuted{] ue lifiga mi+d criste witende +t+at crist
aras from deadum so+dlice ne bi+d dead dea+d him vel +d+am
[{for+dor{] ne bi+d ricsend vel ne gionw+aldia+d.
<R 15.14>
(\Fratres nemo nostrum sibi uiuit et nemo [^TORONTO CORPUS:
nomo^] sibi moritur siue
enim uiuimus domino uiuimus siue morimur
domino morimur siue ergo uiuimus siue morimur domini
sumus\) bro+dro ne +anig (}monn}) usra him lifa+d
& n+enig him dead bi+d vel [{for+don{] ue lifa+d drihtne
ue liofa+d vel ue deadiga drihtne ue deadiga+d
vel [{for+don{] we lifia vel we deadia drihtnes ue sindon.
<R 15.15>
(\Fratres in hoc christus mortuus est et resurrexit ut et
mortuorum et uiuorum dominetur\) [{bro+dro{]
in +dis crist dead is & eft aras +t+atte +ac deadra &
lifigiendra giricsa+d.
<P 27>
<R 15.16>
(\Fratres empti estis pretio magno glorificate et portate
deum in corpore uestro\) [{bro+dro{] giboht
aron gie wor+de miclum wuldriga+d & beara+d gie god in lichome
iuerum.
<R 15.17>
(\Fratres christus resurrexit a mortuis primiti+e dormientium
quoniam enim per hominem mors et per
hominem resurrectio mortuorum et sicut in adam omnes
moriuntur ita et in christo omnes uiuificabuntur\)
[{bro+dro{] crist eft aras from deadum [{frumcend{]
slependra +t+atte [{for+don{] +derh monno dea+d & +derh
monno erist deadra & suae in adam allo bi+don deado vel
deadiga+d sua +ac in criste alle bi+don giliff+astedo.
<R 15.18>
(\Fratres gratia uobis et pax a deo patre nostro et domino
iesu christo qui dedit semet ipsum pro
peccatis nostris ut eriperet nos de presenti seculo nequam
secundum uoluntatem dei et patris nostri\)
[{bro+dro{] gefe iuh & sibb from gode feder [{user{] &
[{drihtne{] h+alende criste se +de gisalde hine seolfne
[{fore{] synnum usum +t+atte ginerede usig of ondueardum
worulde wogfull [{+aft{] willo godes & [{f+eder{]
[{user{] .
<R 15.19>
(\Fratres cum essemus mortui peccatis conuiuificauit nos
christo cuius gratia estis saluati et conresuscitauit
et consedere fecit in c+alestibus in christo
iesu\) [{bro+dro{] mi+d +dy ue weron deado
synnum giliff+astade usig criste +d+as gefe aro gie gih+aldo
& gilic vel eft giwoehte & gisitte dyde
in heofnum in criste [{h+alende{] .
<R 15.20>
(\Fratres per patientiam curamus propositum nobis certamen
aspicientes in auctorem fidei et consummatorem
iesum qui proposito sibi gaudio sustinuit crucem
confusione contempta atque in dextera sedis
dei sedet\) [{bro+dro{] +derh gi+dyld iorna we
[{forar+aden{] us gifeht bihaldendo on wyrhte gileafes &
endef+astend vel [{h+alend{] se +de [{foraset{] him gifea
underb+ar [{rode{] sceome gihenedo & +ac on sui+dre sedles
godes sitte+d.
<R 15.21>
(\Fratres deus autem pacis qui eduxit de mortuis pastorem
magnum ouium in sanguine testamenti +aterni
dominum nostrum iesum christum aptet uos in omni bono vt
faciatis uoluntatem eius faciens in uobis
quod placeat coram se per iesum christum\) [{bro+dro{]
god [{wuted{] sibbes se +de ofl+adde from deadum
hiorde micil scipa on blode [{gicy+dniss{] +aces drihten
userne [{h+alend{] crist gicease iuih in +alcum gode
+t+atte gie gidoe willa his doende in iuih +t+at gicweme
[{bifora{] him [{+derh h+alend crist{] . 
<P 28>
<R 15.22>
(\Carissimi omne quod natum est ex deo uincit mundum et h+ac
est uictoria quae uincit mundum fides nostra
quis est autem qui uincit mundum nisi qui credit
quoniam iesus est filius dei\) leafa +alc +t+at
[{acenn{] is from gode [{forsui+de+d{] [{middangeard{] &
+dios is +t+at sig [^MS gisig WITH THE FIRST g AND i MARKED 
FOR ERASURE^] +dio [{forsui+de+d{] [{middan{] gileafa
usra huoelc is [{wuted{] se +de ofer [{sui+d{] [{middangeard{]
butan +de +de gilefes +t+atte [{h+alend{] is bearn godes.
<R 15.23>
(\Carissimi omne datum obtimum et omne donum perfectum de
sursum est descendens a patre luminum apud
quem non est transmutatio nec uicissitudinis obumbratio
uoluntarie genuit nos uerbo ueritatis vt
simus initium aliquod creatur+e eius\) leafa +alc gefe
gicoren & +alc geafo wisf+ast ufa is ofdune stigende
from feder lehta +ad vel mi+d +d+am ne is
[{oferymbwoendnise{] ne +ac huoerflunges [{forascywung{]
lustume gicende usig worde so+df+ast +t+atte ue sie fruma
huoelchuoegu gisc+aftes his.
<R 15.24>
(\Scitis fratres mei dilectissimi sit autem omnis homo uelox
ad audiendum tardus autem ad loquendum
et tardus ad iram ira enim uiri iustitiam dei non
operatur\) wuteda+d gie [{bro+dro{] mino leofa vel
+da lefosta sie [{wut{] aelc monn hr+ad to giherann hl+att
[{wuted{] to spreccanne & l+att to iorre iorra [{for+don{]
weres [{so+df+ast{] godes ne giwyrca+d.
<R 15.25>
(\Fratres omnes uos filii lucis estis et filii dei non sumus
noctis neque tenebrarum igitur non dormiamus
sicut et ceteri sed uigilemus et sobrii simus\)
[{bro+dro{] allo gie bearno lehtes aron gie &
bearno godes ne sindon ue n+ahtes ne +ac +diostra [{for+don{]
ne slepa ue sueolce [^EDITION: svoelce^] 
+ac o+doro ah giwoeca ue & bihogodo ue sie.
<R 15.26>
(\Fratres nos qui diei sumus sobrii simus induti lorica fidei
et caritatis et galea salutis\) [{bro+dro{]
ue +da +de d+ages ue aron bihogodo ue sie gigearwad
byrne gileafes & [{bro+derlufu{] &.
<R 15.27>
(\Fratres non posuit nos deus in iram sed in adquisitionem
salutis per iesum christum dominum nostrum
qui mortuus est pro nobis ut siue uigilemus siue
dormiamus simul cum illo uiuamus\) bro+dro ne
gisett usig god in iorra ah in [{tosocnisse{] vel [{h+al{]
+derh [{h+alend{] [{crist{] drihten [{user{] se +de dead is
fore usig +t+atte sua huoe+der we wo+eca vel we slepa gilic
mi+d +d+am ue lifia.
<R 15.28>
(\Fratres consolamini inuicem et edificate alterutrum in
christo iesu domino nostro\) [{bro+dro{] gifroefrad
gie bituien & gitimbra+d on ba halfa in criste
[{h+alende{] [{drihtne{] usum.
<P 29>
<R 15.29>
(\Fratres estote factores uerbi et non auditores tantum
fallentes uosmet ipsos\) [{bro+dro{] wosa+d gie
doendo wordes & no herendo +t+at an bisuicendo iuih seolfa.
<R 15.30>
(\Fratres qui perspexerit in legem perfectam libertatis et
permanserit non auditor obliuiosus factus
sed factor operis hic beatus in facto suo erit\)
[{bro+dro{] se +de +derhbisi+d in ae wisf+ast friodomes
& +derhwuna+d no lysnere [{ofergeotul{] wyrcend ah wyrcend
woerces +des eadig in ded his bi+d.
<R 15.31>
(\Fratres religio munda et inmaculata apud deum et patrem
haec est visitare pupillos et uiduas in
tribulatione eorum et imaculatum se custodire ab hoc seculo\)
bro+dro [{+af+astnisse{] cl+ane & unawoemmedo
+ad gode & f+ader +dios is giniosiga steapcildo & widuas
in costunge hiore & unawoemmed hine gihalde from +dissum
worlde.
<R 15.32>
(\Dignus es domine deus accipere librum et aperire signacula
eius quoniam occisus es et redemisti
nos deo in sanguine tuo\) wyr+de ar+d [{drihten{] god onfoa
boc & untyne insiglae his [{for+don{] ofsl+agen 
ar+d & gilesdes usig gode in blode +dinum.
<R 16>
(\Collecta in sabato sancto pascha\) .
<R 16.1>
(\Deus qui hanc sacratissimam noctem gloria dominic+e
resurrexionis inlustras conserua in nouam famili+a
tuae progeniem adoptionis spiritum quem dedisti vt
corpore et mente renouati puram tibi exhibeant
seruitutem per eundem\) god +du +de +das halga n+aht
wuldre drihtenlices eristes +du inwode vel gihald
in niwa hiorodes +dines so+d gistrynd [{togicorenis{]
gast +done gisaldest +t+atte lichome +ac +dohte eft
giniwado cl+ane +de hia gibrenga hernise.
<R 16.2>
(\Deus qui hodierna die per unigenitum tuum aeternitatis
nobis aditum deuicta morte reserasti vota
nostra quae preueniendo adspiras etiam adiuuando prosequere
per\) god +du +de ecelice (}d+ag}) +derh [{ancend{]
+dinne [{ecenisse{] us f+ar mi+d [{forcummenum{]
dea+de eft biluce vel oesto usra +da +de mi+d [{foracym{]
to +du blawas [{wuted{] to mi+d helpe so+dfylga.
<R 16.3>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui resurrectionis
dominice solemnia colimus innouatione tui
spiritus a morte anim+a resurgamus per eundem\) gilef ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de erestes
drihtenlices symbeltido ue bigaa+d in [{niwang{] +dines
gastes
<P 30>
from dea+de sawles eft ue arisa [{+derh{] .
<R 16.4>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui resurrectionis
dominic+e solemnia colimus ereptionis nostr+e
suscipere laetitiam mereamur per eundem\) gionn we
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de eristes
[{drihtlices{] symbeltido we bigeonga+d [{ginerenise{] [{user{]
onfoa gl+adnisse ue gierniga [{+derh{] .
<R 16.5>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus ut qui gratiam dominicae
resurrectionis agnouimus ipsi per amorem
spiritus a morte anim+e resurgamus per eundem\) gionn we
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de gefe
drihtlices eristes we ongeton +derh lufu [{gast{] [{from{]
dea+de sawles we arise.
<R 16.6>
(\Deus qui ecclesiam tuam nouo semper foetu multiplicas
concede famulis tuis vt sacramentum uiuendo
teneant quod fideliter perceperunt per dominum\) god +du +de
cirica +din niwum symle berendnise +du gimonigfaldas
gilef higum +dinum +t+atte h+aligdom mi+d life hia
gihalde +t+at gitriwalice onfengon [{+derh{] .
<R 16.7>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus ut per haec paschalia
festa qu+e colimus deuoti in tua semper laude
uiuamus per dominum\) gilef ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god
+t+atte +derh +das eostrolica symbeltido +da ue bigaa+d
oestigo in +dinum symle herenise vel lofe ue lifia [{+derh{] .
<R 16.8>
(\Paschale misterium recensentes apostolorum domine beatorum
precibus foueamur quorum magisterium
cognouimus exequendum per dominum\) eostorlic hernisse 
bigiongende [{apostol{] [{drihten{] eadigra beadum ue sie
aholpeno +dara [{gilar{] we ongeton to fylgenne [{+derh{] .
<R 16.9>
(\Deus aecclesi+e tu+a redemptor atque perfector fac quesumus
ut apostolorum precibus paschalis sacramenti
dona capiamus quorum nobis ea tribuisti magisterio
predicari per dominum\) god [{cirica{] +dines
lesend & +ac [{+derhendef+ast{] do ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte
[{apostol{] beadum [{eostorlic{] cl+ano giryno geafo ue onfoe
+dara us +da +du saldest mi+d lare vel ue gimersia [{+derh{] .
<R 16.10>
(\Concede quesumus domine semper nos per mysteria paschalia
gratulari ut continua nostr+a reparationis
operatio perpetua nobis fiat causa laetiti+a per dominum\) 
gilef ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] [{sym{] usig +derh giryno
<P 31>
eostorlico +t+at ue gi+doncage +t+atte gibearsciopo
[{user{] eftniwawnges wyrcing eco us sie intinga
[{gl+adnisse{] [{+derh{] .
<R 16.11>
(\Deus qui solemnitate paschali mundo remedia contulisti
populum tuum quesumus caelesti dono prosequere
ut et perfectam libertatem consequi mereatur et ad
uitam proficiat sempiternam per dominum\) god +du
+de [{symbelnisse{] [{eostorlic{] [{middangearde{] lecedomas
gibrohtes folc +din we [{bidda+t{] [{heofonlic{] gefe gifylga
+t+atte +ac [{wisf+ast{] friodom gifylga giearniga &
to life gi+dii ece.
<R 16.12>
(\Deus qui conspicis familiam tuam omni humana uirtute
destitui paschali interueniente festiuitate
tui eam brachii protectione custodi per dominum\) god +du +de
bisiist higo +din +alcum [{mennisc{] m+agne gisceadest
eastorlic gi+dingende [{symbeltid{] +dines +da armes
scildnisse gihald [{+derh{] .
<R 16.13>
(\Deus qui nos resurrectionis dominicce annua solemnitate
laetificas concede propitius ut per temporalia
festa que agimus peruenire ad gaudia aeterna mereamur
per eundem\) god +du [{+de{] usig erestes [{drihtlices{]
gerlice symbeltide +du gigladas gilef
rummodlice +t+atte +derh tidlico symbeltido +da +de we
doa+d +derhcyme to gigl+adnisso eco we giearniga [{+derh{] .
<R 16.14>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus ut huius paschalis
festiuitatis mirabile sacramentum et temporalem
nobis tranquilitatem tribuat et uitam conferat sempiternam
per dominum\) gionn we bidda+d [{allm+ahtig{] god
+t+atte +disses eastorlices [{symbeltid{] wundurlic cl+ane
giryno & tidlic us [{smyltnisse{] gir+ace & lif gibrenga ece
[{+derh{] .
<R 16.15>
(\Deus qui nos per paschalia festa laetificas concede
propitius ut ea qu+e deuote agimus te adiuuante
fideliter teneamus per dominum\) god +du +de usig +derh
eostorlica [{symb{] [{gigladas{] gilef rummodlice
+t+atte +da +da +de [{oestelice{] we doa+d +dec helpende
+dec gileaffullice halda ue.
<R 16.16>
(\Tribue quesumus omnipotens deus ut illuc tendat christian+e
deuotionis affectus quo tecum est nostra
substantia per dominum\) r+ac we [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] 
god +t+atte +di+der a+denne [{cristes{] oestes tohigung +dona
+dec mi+d is usra [{understondennisse{] .
<P 32>
<R 16.17>
(\Deus qui diuersitatem gentium in confessionem tui nominis
adunasti da ut renatis fonte baptismatis
una sit fides mentium et pietas actionum per dominum\) god +du
+de [{missenlice{] cynno on ondetnisse +dines
[{nome{] gigeadridest sel +t+atte eftacennedum [{esprynge{]
fwlwihtes [{ana{] sie lufu +dohto & arf+ast dedana [{+derh{] .
<R 16.18>
(\Deus qui nobis ad celebrandum paschale sacramentum
liberiores animos prestitisti doce nos et metuere
quod irasceris et amare quod precipis per dominum\) god
+du +de us to gimersanne eastorlic halgo
giryno gifriolico gi+dohtas giw+des vel l+ar usig &
giscynia +t+at +du iorsia & lufiga +t+at +du hates vel 
[{+derh{] .
<R 16.19>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus ut ecclesia tua et suorum
firmitate membrorum et noua semper fecunditate
laetetur per\) sel ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god
+t+atte cirica +din & hiora trymnise liomana & niwa
symle [{berendlice{] gigladia [{+derh{] .
<R 16.20>
(\facias introire atque eo perueniat humilitas gregis quo
praecessit celsitudo pastoris qui te\) +dy
doest [{ingeonga{] & +ac of +don [{+derhcyme{]
[{e+dmodnisse{] edes +dona [{forsui+dde{] heannise hiordes 
se+de.
<R 16.21>
(\Presta nobis omnipotens et misericors deus ut in
resurrectione domini nostri iesu christi percipiamus
ueraciter portionem per eundem\) gionn us
[{allm+ahtig{] & mildheart god +t+atte on erist [{drihtnes{]
uses [{h+alendes{] [{crist{] ue +derhfoe so+dlice d+al 
[{+derh{] .
<R 17>
(\Alia\) .
<R 17.1>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus ut ueterem cum suis
rationibus hominem deponentes illius conuersatione
uiuamus ad cuius nos substantiam paschalibus remediis
transtulisti per\) gilef ue [{bidda+t{]
[{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte aldne mi+d his rihtnissum monno
ofscyfende +d+as giwosa ue lifiga to +d+as usig [{stonden{]
vel eostorlicum lecedomum +du [{oferbrohtes{] [{+derh{] .
<R 18>
(\Alia\) .
<R 18.1>
(\Repelle domine conscriptum peccati lege chyrographum quod
in nobis paschali misterio per resurrectionem
tui filii uacuasti qui tecum\) eft adrif [{drihten{]
[{giwritt{] synnes ae hondgiwrit
<P 33>
+t+at in usig +da eostorlicum [{hernisse{] +derh erest +dines
bearnes giidladest se +de.
<R 19>
(\Alia\) .
<R 19.1>
(\Deus qui ad +eternam uitam in christi resurrectione nos
reparas inple pietatis tu+a ineffabile sacramentum
ut cum in maiestate sua saluator noster aduenerit
quos fecisti baptismo regenerari facias
beata inmortalitate uestiri per eundem\) god +du +de to
ece life in cristes erest usig eft niwas gifyll
[{arf+astnisse{] +dines unas+acgendlic cl+ane giryno
+t+atte mi+d +dy in m+agen+dryme his h+alend userne
tocyme+d +da dydest fwlwihte +t+atte eft were vel sie acennedo
gido +du [{eadignisse{] unawoemmedlicum +t+atte hia sie 
[{+derh{] .
<R 19.2>
(\Deus humani generis conditor et redemptor da quesumus ut
reparationis nostr+e collata subsidia te
iugiter inspirante sectemur per eum\) god [{mennisc{]
cynnes scepend & lesend sel ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte
[{eftbot{] uses gisomnado fultumo +dec symlinga onblawende
gifylge we.
<R 20>
(\Item alia\) .
<R 20.1>
(\Deus qui renatis per aquam et spiritum sanctum c+alestis
regni pandis introitum auge super famulos
tuos gratiam quam dedisti ut qui ab omnibus sunt purgati
peccatis a nullis priuentur promissis per dominum\)
god +du +de eft [{acendum{] +derh w+atre & gast haligne
heofon rices +adeawas inngeong giec [{ofer{] +degnas
+dinum gefe +t+at gisaldest +t+atte +da +de from allum
aron gicl+ans [^gicl+ans, PROBABLY FOR gicl+ansado; A LACUNA
IN THE MS^] synnum from n+angum sie bid+aledo gihatum.
<R 20.2>
(\Gaudeat domine pleps fidelis et cum propri+e recolit
saluationis exordia eius promouetur augmentis
per\) gifeage [{drihten{] folc gileaffull & mi+d +dy
syndriges eft mona+d [{h+alo{] frumo his sie [{forewoended{]
ecum.
<R 20.3>
(\Fac omnipotens deus ut qui paschalibus remediis innouati
similitudinem terreni parentis euassimus
ad formam c+alestis transferamur auctoris per dominum\) do
[{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de eastorlicum
lecedomum giinniwado onlicnisse ear+dcundes aldores we
wi+deadon to bisine heofonlices [{ofer{] we sie
broht scependes [{+derh{] .
<P 34>
<R 20.4>
(\Deus qui nos fecisti hodierna die paschalia festa celebrare
fac nos quesumus in c+alesti regno gaudere
per dominum\) god +du +de usig dydest ecelicum (}d+ag})
eostorlico symbeltido gimers do us we [{bidda+t{] in
heofne ric gifea [{+derh{] .
<R 20.5>
(\Familiam tuam quesumus domine dextera tua perpetua
circumdet auxilio ut paschali interueniente solemnitate
ab omni prauitate defensa donis caelestibus
prosequatur per\) higo +din we [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{]
sui+dre +din ecelice ymbselle [{fultume{] +t+atte
[{eostorlic{] [{foregi+dingendum{] symbeltid from +alcum wuoe
vel wi+dirmoednise giscilded geafum heofonlicum gifylga.
<R 20.6>
(\Concede quesumus misericors deus ut quod paschalibus
exequimus institutis fructiferum nobis omni
tempore sentiamus per dominum\) gilef ue [{bidda+t{] miltheart 
god +t+atte +t+at eostorlicum ue [^TORONTO CORPUS: ne^] 
gifylga insetnissum w+astimberende us +alcum tide we gifoele
[{+derh{] .
<R 20.7>
(\Paschalibus nobis quesumus domine remediis dignanter
inpende ut terrena desideria respuentes discamus
inhiare celestia per dominum\) eostorlicum us ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] lecedomum gimeodumlice agef
+t+atte ear+dlico lusto wi+ds+accende giliorniga we untyna
heofonlico [{+derh{] .
<R 20.8>
(\Conserua in nobis quesumus domine misericordiam tuam et
quos ab erroris liberasti caligine ueritatis
tu+a firmius inherere facias documento per dominum\) gihald 
in usig ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] [{miltheartnisse{]
+din & +da from [{giduoles{] gifriadest [{mist{]
[{so+df+astnisse{] +dines trumlicor ginea +du doe lare.
<R 20.9>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus propensius his diebus tuam
misericordiam consequamur quibus eam plenius
te largiente cognouimus per dominum\) [{allm+ahtig{] ece
god bli+delicor +d+am dagum +dinne [{miltheart{] ue
gifylga of +d+am hia fullicor +dec gefende ue ongeton
[{+derh{] .
<R 20.10>
(\Deus qui pro salute mundi sacrificium paschale fecisti
propitiare supplicationibus nostris ut ut
interpellans pro nobis pontifex sumus nos per id quod
nostri est similis reconciliet per id quod
tibi est aequalis absoluat qui tecum\) god +du +de [{fore{]
h+alo [{middangeard{] husul vel eostorlic +t+atte
[{foregi+dingende{] [{fora{] usig biscop heh vel +de hesta
usig +derh +t+at +t+at user is gilic
<P 35>
eft gi+dingiga +derh +t+at +t+at +de is gilic ontyne se +de
+dec.
<R 20.11>
(\Deus qui ad aeternam uitam in christi resurrectione nos
reparas erige nos ad consedentem in dextera
tua nostr+e salutis auctorem ut qui propter nos iudicandus
aduenit pro nobis iudicaturus adueniat
qui tecum uiuit\) god +du +de to ece lif in cristes erist
usig eft niuas ahef usig to +d+am efne sittende
on sui+dre +din user [{h+ales{] frumwyrhta +t+atte se
+de [{fore{] us doemend tocuom [{fore{] us doemend
bi+d tocyme se +de +dec mi+d liofa+d.
<R 20.12>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui humanam naturam supra prim+e
originis reparas dignitatem respice pietatis
tuae ineffabile sacramentum ut quos regenerationis
misterio innouare dignatus es in his dona
tua perpetu+a gratiae protectione conserua per\)
[{allm+ahtig{] ece god +du +de menisc gicynd bufa vel
[{ofer{] frummes [{frummcend{] eft boetest wyr+dnise biseh
[{arf+astnisse{] +dines unas+agcgendlic cl+ane giryno
+t+atte +da eftacennisses [{hernise{] giniwge gimeodumad
ar+d in +d+am geafo +dino ecelices [{gefe{] scildnise
gihald [{+derh{] .
<R 20.13>
(\Solita quesumus domine quos saluasti pietate custodi ut qui
tua passione sunt redempti tua resurrectione
laetentur qui uiuis\) [{wnulic{] ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] +da +du gih+aldest [{arfeastnisse{] gihald +t+atte
+da +de +dinum +drounge aron eft alesedo +dinum ereste sie
gigladado +du +de liofa+d.
<R 20.14>
(\Presta quesumus domine deus noster ut quae solemni
celebramus officio purificat+e mentis intellegentia
consequamur per dominum\) gionn ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] god +t+atte +da [{symbeltid{] ue mersiga+d hernisse
vel gicl+ansades +dohtes ondgetnisse ue gifylga [{+derh{] .
<R 20.15>
(\Celesti lumine quesumus domine semper et ubique nos preueni
ut misterium cuius nos participes esse
uoluisti et puro cernamus intuitu et digno percipiamus
effectu per dominum\) [{heofonlic{] lehte ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] symle & eghuoer usig +t+at we gicyme vel
+t+atte hernise +d+as ue vel usig d+alnimmende +t+atte
ue were waldest & cl+anum gisceawiga ue ymbseane & wyr+delicum
ue +derhfoe tohigunge vel [{+derh{] .
<R 20.16>
(\Gregem tuum pastor bone quesumus domine placatus intende et
oues quas pretioso sanguine tuo redemisti
diabolica non sinas incursione lacerari qui tecum\)
ede +din hiorde god ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] [{gicuoemlic{]
bihald & scip +da diorwyr+dum blode +dinum eft
gilesdest
<P 36>
diowlica ne [{forlet{] +du [{onernige{]
+t+atte ue sie tosliteno se +dec mid.
<R 21>
(\H+a sunt capitul+a in l+atania maiore\) +t+at is on firi
dagas.
<R 21.1>
(\Haec dicit dominus circuite uias hierusalem et aspicite et
considerate et querite in plateis eius
an inueniatis uirum facientem iudicium et querentem fidem
et propitius ero eius\) +das cuoe+d [{drihten{]
ymhwarfa+d woegas [{hierusalem{] & bihalda+d &
gisceawa+d & soeca+d in pl+agiword vel on pl+acum vel gimoeton
gie woer doende dom & soecende lufu & milsend ic biom
his.
<R 21.2>
(\State super uias et uidete et interrogate de semitis
antiquis qu+e sit uia bona et ambulate in ea
et inuenietis refrigerium animabus uestris\) stonda+d ofer
woegas & gisea+d & gifraigna+d of sedum aldum
huoelc sie woeg god & geonga+d on +d+ar & gie gimoeta+d
coelnisse sawlum iwrum.
<R 21.3>
(\Exercituum deus israel bonas facite uias uestras et studia
uestra et habitabo uobiscum in loco isto
in terra quam dedi patribus uestris a seculo et usque in
seculum nihil patiamur erroris per dominum\)
alles hergies god [{israel{] godo doa+d woegas iuero
& r+ado [{iur{] & ic bya iuih mi+d on stoue +dissum
on eor+de +t+at ic salde faedorum iurum [{from{] worulde
& worulde noht ue gi+doeliga giduoles [{+derh{] .
<R 21.4>
(\Deus qui diem discernis a nocte actus nostros a tenebrarum
distinge caligine ut semper qu+e sancta
sunt meditantes in tua iugiter luce uiuamus per dominum\) 
god +du +de (}d+ag}) gisceadas from n+ahte dedo usra
from +diostra giscead miste +t+atte symle +da +de h+algo
aron [{+dencendo{] in +dinum symlinga leht ue lifia [{+derh{] .
<R 21.5>
(\Gratias agamus domine sancte pater omnipotens aeterne deus
qui nos transacto noctis spatio ad matutinas
horas perducere dignatus es quesumus ut dones nobis
diem hunc sine peccato transire quatenus
ad uesperum tibi deo gratias referamus per dominum\)
gefe+doncgunco gidoe ue [{drihten{] haelga f+ader
[{allm+ahtig{] ece god +du +de usig oferdoene vel n+ahtes
rume [^EDITION: rv~e; TORONTO CORPUS: rune^] 
to morgenlicum tidum +derhl+ade gimeodumad ar+d ue [{bidda+t{]
+t+atte +du gefe us (}d+ag})
+diosne butan synne [{oferfara{] o+d+t+at to eferne +de gode 
geafo eft ue brenga.
<P 37>
<R 21.6>
(\Exsurgentes de cubilibus nostris auxilium grati+a tu+a
matutinis domine precibus inploramus ut discussis
tenebris uitiorum ambulare mereamur in luce uirtutum
per\) arisendo of boetingum usum fultume
gefe +dinr+a morgenlicum beadum gihreme ue +t+atte
asc+accenum diostrum synna vel gionga ue giearniga
in leht m+agna.
<R 21.7>
(\Te lucem ueram et lucis auctorem domine deprecamur ut
digneris a nobis tenebras depellere uitiorum
et clarificare nos luce uirtutum per\) +dec leht so+d &
lehtes frumwyrhte [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte
+du gimeodomia from us +diostro afirra woerdendra &
[{gigibrehta{] usig lehte m+agna.
<R 21.8>
(\Inlumina domine quesumus in te corda credentium ut tuo
semper munimine et tuo auxilio protegamur
per\) inlihta [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] on +dec hearta
gilefendra +t+atte +dinum symle gif+astnunge & +dinum
fultumme ue sie giscildad.
<R 21.9>
(\Inlumina quesumus domine tenebras nostras et totius noctis
insidias tu repelle propitius per dominum\)
giinlihta we [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] +diostro usra &
alles n+ahtes giseto +du eft [{fordrif{] mildelice [{+derh{] .
<R 21.10>
(\Tua nos domine ueritas semper inluminet et ab omni
prauitate defendat per dominum\) +din usig [{drihten{]
[{so+df+astnisse{] symle giinlihta & fro +alcum woe
vel ui+dirweardnisse giscilda.
<R 21.11>
(\Salua nos omnipotens deus et lucem nobis concede
perpetuam\) gih+al usig [{allm+ahtig{] god & leht us
gilef ece vel.
<R 21.12>
(\Veritas tua quesumus domine luceat in cordibus nostris et
falsitas destruatur inimici per\) [{so+df+astnisse{]
+din ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] gilehta in
heartum usum & [{+al{] leasung sie tostrogden fiondes.
<R 21.13>
(\Quesumus domine deus noster diei molestias noctis quiete
sustenta ut necessaria temporum uicissitudine
succedente nostra reficiatur infirmitas per dominum\) ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] god userne d+ages hefignisse
n+ahtes [{smyltnisse{] underure+d +t+atte ned+d+arfo tido
ymbhuoerfnise undercymende usra eft sie gihriordad
untrymnise.
<R 21.14>
(\Exaudi nos misericors deus et mentibus nostris grati+a tu+a
lumen ostende per dominum\) giher usig miltheart
god & +dohtum usum gefe +dinr+a leht +adeawa.
<P 38>
<R 21.15>
(\Auge in nobis domine quesumus fidem tuam et spiritus sancti
lucem in nobis semper accende per\) 
giec in usig [{drihten{] we [{bidda+t{] lufu +din & gastes
halges leht in us symle gibern.
<R 21.16>
(\Gratias agimus inenarrabile pietati tu+a omnipotens deus
qui nos depulsa nobis caligine ad diei huius
principium duxisti et abiecta ignorantiae cecitate ad
cultum tui nominis atque scientiam reuocasti
inlabere sensibus nostris omnipotens pater ut in
preceptorum tuorum lumine gradientes te ducem
sequamur et principem per dominum\) geafona +doncuncgo
unas+acgendlicum arf+astnise +dinum [{allm+ahtig{] god +du
+de usig [{fordrifenum{] us miste to (}d+ag}) +dissum
[{forueard{] vel frumma gil+addest & mi+d afirredum
unwisdomes vel duoles blendnise to bigeongle +dines nome &
+ac wisdom eft giceidest onuorp vel +dohtum
usum [{allm+ahtig{] faeder +t+atte in bibodana vel +dinra
lehte steppende +dec latua ue fylga & aldormonn [{+derh{] .
<R 21.17>
(\Deus qui tenebras ignoranti+a uerbi tui luce depellis auge
in cordibus nostris uirtutem fidei quam
dedisti ut ignis quem gratia tua fecit accendi nullis
tentationibus possit extingui per dominum\) god +du
+de +diostro giduoles wordes +dines lehte [{oferdrifest{] +du
giec in heartum usum m+agn lufes +t+at gisaldest
+t+atte fyr +d+at vel +done gefe +din dyde +t+atte
giberned uere n+angum costungum m+agi +t+atte se adrysned  
[{+derh{] .
<R 21.18>
(\Deus qui uigilantes in laudibus tuis c+alesti mercede
remuneras tenebras de cordibus nostris auferre
digneris ut splendore luminis tui semper gaudeamus per
dominum solationis auxilium per\) god +du
+de w+accendo in herenissum +dinum heofunlicum mearde eft
+donces +du vel +diostro of heartum usum [{irra{]
gimeodomia +du +t+atte licsunge lehtes +dines symle
gigladiga ue [{+derh{] frofres fultumme.
<R 21.19>
(\Adesto domine populis tuis in tua protectione fidentibus et
tuae se dexter+e suppliciter inclinantes
perpetua defentione conserua per\) uoes +du [{drihten{]
folcum +dinum in +dinum scildnise gitriwendum
& +dinr+a hia sui+dre e+dmodlice gibegende ecelicum
giscildnisse gihald.
<R 21.20>
(\Auxiliare domine populo tuo ut sacr+e deuotionis proficiens
incrementis et tuo semper munere gubernetur
et ad redemptionis aetern+a pertineat te ducente
consortium per\) gifultuma [{drihten{] folce +dinum
+t+atte h+algades oestes +diiende on w+astum & +dinum
symle +dinge sie giricsad & to lesinges ecelices
+derhgibyre +dec l+adende gihlytto.
<P 39>
<R 21.21>
(\Da populo tuo quesumus domine spiritum ueritatis et pacis
ut et tota mente cognoscat et qu+e tibi
sunt placita tota corde sectetur per dominum\) sel folce
+dinum ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] gast [{so+df+ast{]
& sibbes +t+atte & allum +dohte ongett & +da +de +de aron
cuoemlico allum hearte gifylga [{+derh{] .
<R 21.22>
(\Da nobis domine quesumus ut et mundi cursus pacificus nobis
tuo ordine dirigatur et ecclesia tua
tranquilla deuotione l+etetur per dominum\) sel us [{drihten{] 
ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte +ac [{middangeardes{] erning [{sibsum{]
us +dinum endebrednisse sie girihtad & cirica +din
smyltlicum oest sie gl+ado [{+derh{] .
<R 21.23>
(\Da salutem domine quesumus populo tuo mentis et corporis et
perpetuis consolationibus tuorum reple corda fidelium ut
protectione tua releuati et pia
deuotione conplaceant et tua semper beneficia
consequantur per\) sel h+alo [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{]
folce +dinum +dohtes & lichomes & ecelicum gifrofrum +dinra
gifyll hearta gileaffullra +t+atte scildnisse +dinum
eft ahefeno & arf+astlicum oeste hia gicuoema & +dino symle
[{uelfremnisse{] hia gifylga [{+derh{] .
<R 21.24>
(\Porrige dexteram tuam quesumus domine plebi tuam
misericordiam tuam postulandi per quam et errores declinet
humanos et solatia uit+e mortalis accipiat et
sempiterna gaudia conprehendat per\) r+ac
sui+dre +din ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] folce +dinum
[{miltheartnisse{] +din giwunges vel +derh +t+at & giduolo
aw+arle mennisco & frofro lifes deadlices onfoe & eeo gifea
gigrippa.
<R 22>
(\Item ali+a orationes pro peccatis\) .
<R 22.1>
(\Exaudi quesumus domine gemitum populi tui supplicantis et
quid meritorum qualitate difidimus non
iudicium sed misericordiam consequi mereamur per\) giher we
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] hream folces +dines biddendes & hu+ad
earnunga micla vel ue mistriua+d ne dom ah
[{miltheartnisse{] +t+atte ue gifylga ue giearnia.
<R 22.2>
(\Exaudi quesumus domine supplicum preces et confitentium
tibi parce peccatis ut pariter nobis indulgentiam tribu+es
benignus et pacem per\) giher ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] boensendra beado & ondettendra
+de sp+ar synnum +t+atte +adgeadre us [{forgefnisse{]
gir+ace +du rummodlice & sib [{+derh{] .
<P 40>
<R 22.3>
(\Exaudi domine gemitum populi tui nec plus aput te ualeat
offensio delinquentium quam misericordia tua indulta fletibus
supplicantium per\) giher [{drihten{]
hream folces +dines ne +ac [{for+dor{] mi+d +dec m+agi
ondspyrnisse agyltendra +don [{miltheartnisse{] +din
unnende vel agefeno vel gilefeno wopum boensandra.
<R 22.4>
(\Exaudi domine populum tuum tota tibi mente subiectum vt
corpore et mente protectus quod pie credit tua gratia
consequatur per\) giher [{drihten{] folc +din
all +de +dohte under+dioded +t+atte lichome & +dohte
giscilded +t+at arf+astlice gilefe+d +dinum gefe gifylga.
<R 22.5>
(\Conserua quesumus domine populum tuum et ab omnibus quas
meremur aduersitatibus rede securum ut
tranquilitate percepta deuota tibi mente deseruiat per\)
gihald we [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] folc +din & from allum
+da +de we giearnia+d wi+dirwordnisum agef sorgleasne
+t+atte smyltnise ondfoende oestigum +de +dohte gihere.
<R 22.6>
(\Deus cui proprium est misereri semper et parcere suscipe
deprecationem nostram et quos delictorum catena constringit
miseratio tu+a pietatis obsoluat per\)
god +d+am syndrig is +t+atte he gimilsage symle & sp+aria
onfoh boene usra vel & +da +de [{synna{]
racenteg gif+astna+d milsa vel +dinr+a [{arf+astnisse{]
undoe.
<R 22.7>
(\Deus refugium pauperum spes humilium salusque miserorum
supplicationes populi tui clementer exaudi ut quos iustitia
uerberum f+acit afflictos abundantia
remediorum faciat consolatos per\) god hleo +dorfendra hyht
e+dmoda & h+alo armra boeno folces +dines
rummodlice giher +t+atte +da [{so+df+astnisse{] +derscincgra
vel [{suinca{] dyde awoerdeno ginyhtsumnise
lecedoma doe [{gifroefrendo{] .
<R 22.8>
(\Deus qui iuste irasceris et clementer ignoscis afflicti
populi lacrimas respice et iram tu+a indignationis quam
iuste meremur propitiatus auerte per\) god
+du +de so+dlice giiorsas & rummodlice ongettest
gisuoenctes folces tehhero eft bisih & iorre +dinr+a
wr+a+d+do +t+at so+dlice ue giearnia mildelice
ymbwoend.
<R 22.9>
(\Deus qui nos conspicis in tot perturbationibus non posse
subsistere afflictorum gemitum propitius respice
et mala omnia qu+e meremur auerte per\) god +du +de
usig gisiist in sua monigum gistyrenisum ne m+agi
understonda gisuoencendra hream rummodlice eft
bihald & yflo alle +da +de ue giearnia+d ymbwoend.
<P 41>
<R 22.10>
(\Deus qui peccantium animas nouis perire sed culpas contine
quam meremur iram et quam precamur super nos
effunde clementiam ut de merore gaudium tu+a
misericordi+a consequi mereamur per\) god +du +de
syngendra saulo nylt +du loesia ah synno gihald +t+at ue
giearnia iorra & +t+at ue biddas [{ofer{] usig
d+al rummodnise +t+atte of rotnise gl+adnise vel gifea +dinr+a
miltheartnise +t+atte ue gifylga ue giearnia.
<R 22.11>
(\Deprecationem nostram quesumum omnipotens deus benignus
exaudi et quibus supplicandi prestas affectum
tribue defensionis auxilium per dominum\) gibed usra ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god uelrumlice giher & +d+am
boensendes +du giwunne gifremmnise r+ac scildnisse fultume.
<R 22.12>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus ut qui iram tu+a
indignationis agnouimus misericordi+a tue indulgentiam
consequamur per\) gionn we [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god +t+atte +da +de iorre +dinr+a ur+a+d+do ue ongeton 
[{miltheartnisse{] +dinr+a [{forgefnisse{] ue gifylga.
<R 22.13>
(\Pr+acibus nostris quesumus domine aurem tuae pietatis
accomoda et orationes supplicum ocultorum
cognitor benignus exaudi ut te largiente ad uitam perueniant
sempiternam per\) beadum usum ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] eare +dinr+a [{arf+astnisse{] alih vel &
gibeodo boensandra [{gideigla{] gicy+dig vel uelrumlice
giher +t+atte +dec gefende to life +derhcyme ece.
<R 22.14>
(\Praesta populo tuo domine quesumus consolationis auxilium
et diuturnis calamitatibus laborantem
propitius respirare concede per\) gionn folce +dinum
[{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] gifrofres fultumme
& longsummum erm+dum winnende vel mildelice eft blawa gilef.
<R 22.15>
(\Pr+asta quesumus omnipotens deus ut qui offensa nostra per
flagella cognoscimus tu+a consolationis
gratiam sentiamus per\) gionn we [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god +t+atte +da +de [{ondspyrniso{] usa +derh
syuipo ue ongeton +dines frofres gefe ue gifoele.
<R 22.16>
(\Afflictionem familiae tu+a quesumus domine intende
placatus ut indulta uenia peccatorum de tuis
beneficiis semper gloriemur per dominum\) gisuoenc hiorodes
+dines ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] bihald
cuoemlic +t+atte agefeno [{forgefnisse{] synna of +dinum
uelfremnisum symle ue sie wuldrad +derh [{drihten{] .
<P 42>
<R 22.17>
(\Ab omnibus nos quesumus domine peccatis propitiatus absolue
ut percepta uenia peccatorum liberis
tibi mentibus seruiamus per dominum\) from allum usig ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] synnum mildelice undo +t+atte
+derhondfoendum [{forgefnise{] synna alesadum +de +dohtum
gihere ue [{+derh{] .
<R 22.18>
(\Auxiliare domine querentibus misericordiam tuam et ad
ueniam confitentibus parce supplicibus ut
qui nostris meritis flagellamur tua miseratione saluemur per
dominum\) fultuma [{drihten{] soecendum
milsendum +din & to gefnise ondetendum sp+ar boensandum
+t+atte +da +de usum earnungum ue se asungeno +dinum
mils+a ue se h+aledo.
<R 22.19>
(\Auerte [{quesumus{] domine iram tuam propitiatus a nobis et
facinora nostra quibus indignationem tuam prouocamus
expelle per\) fromwoend ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] iorre +din mildelice from us
& hehsynno usra +d+am wr+a+d+do +din so+d ue cliopia+d afirr.
<R 22.20>
(\Aures tu+e pietatis quesumus domine precibus nostris inclina
ut qui peccatorum nostrorum flagellis percutimur
miserationis tu+a gratia liberemur per dominum\) earo
+dines [{arf+astnisse{] [^EDITION: arf+ast~^]  ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] beadum usum gibeg +t+atte +da +de synna usra
suippum ue bi+don +derhsl+agen [{milsa{] +dines gefe ue
sie friado.
<R 22.21>
(\Quesumus omnipotens deus ut qui nostris fatigamur offensis
et merito nostr+e iniquitatis affligimur pietatis
tu+e gratiam consequi mereamur per\) ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte
+da +de usum ue bi+don gisuoencdo ondspyrnissum
& earnunge usr+a unrehtuise ue
bi+don awoerdedo [{arf+astnise{] +dinr+a gefe
+t+atte ue gifylga ue giearnia.
<R 22.22>
(\Deus omnipotens deus afflicti populi lacrimas respice et
iram tu+a indignationis aferte ut qui reatum
nostr+a infirmitatis agnoscimus tua consolatione
liberemur per\) god [{allm+ahtig{] god asuoenctes
folces tearo eft bihald & iorre +dinr+a wr+a+d+do ymbwoend
+t+atte +da +de +dea+dsynnignise vel [{scyldignisse{]
ue ongeatta+d +dinum frofre ue bi+don gifriod.
<R 22.23>
(\Subiectum tibi populum quesumus domine propitius actio
caelestis amplificet et tuis semper faciat
seruire mandatis per dominum\) under+dioded +de folc ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] mildelice ded heofonlic
gisomniga & +dinum symle doe gihere bibodum.
<P 43>
<R 22.24>
(\Moueat pietatem tuam quesumus domine subiecte tibi plebis
affectus et misericordiam tuam supplicatio
fidelis obtineat ut quod meritis non presumit
indulgentiae tu+a largitate percipiat per\)
[{arf+astnisse{] +din ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{]
[{under+diode{] +de folces tohigung & miltheortnise
+din halde +t+at [{+din{] [{ginyhtsumnisse{] .
<R 22.25>
(\Memor esto quesumus domine flagilitatis human+e et qui iuste
uerberas peccatores parce propitiatus afflictis per dominum\)
gimyndig uo+as +du ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] asuuncgennisse [{mennisc{] & +da +de vel
+du +de rehtlice +du +dersces synfullo sp+ar mildelice +d+am
asuoenctum [{+derh{] .
<R 22.26>
(\Ne dispicias omnipotens deus populum tuum in afflictione
clamantem sed propter gloriam nominis tui
tribulatis succurre placatus per dominum\) +dy l+as +du
gitela vel ne hen +du [{allm+ahtig{] god folc
+din in gisuoenc vel clioppende ah [{fore{] wuldure nome
[{+dines{] costendum underiorn cuoemlice [{+derh{] .
<R 22.27>
(\Tribulationem nostram quesumus domine propitius respice et
iram tu+a indignationis quam iuste meremur
propitiatus auerte per dominum\) costuncge userne ue 
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] rumlice eft bihald & iorre +dinr+e
wr+a+d+de +t+at rehtlice ue giearnia+d mildelice ymbuoend
[{+derh{] .
<R 22.28>
(\Intende quesumus domine preces nostras et qui non operando
iustitiam correptione meremur afflicti in tribulatione
clamantes respiremus auditi per\) bihald
ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] beodo usra & +da +de
no wyrcende vel wyrcing so+df+astnise gemnisse we giearniga+d
+t+atte ue se asuoencte in costunge ceigende eft
ue [{giblaue{] +t+atte ue gihere.
<R 23>
(\Item alia incipiunt capitula maiorum solemnitatum in
nativitas sancti stephani martiris\) .
<R 23.1>
(\In diebus illis stephanvs plenvs gratia et fortitudine
faciebat prodigia et signa magna in populo\)
in dagum +d+am [{stefan{] full gefe & strenge he gidyde
vel so+d taceno & beceno micla in folce.
<R 23.2>
(\Surrexerunt quidam de sinagoga qu+e apellatur libertinorum
et cyrentium et alexandrinorum et eorum qui erant
a cilicia et asia disputantes cum stephano et non
poterant resistere sapientiae et spiritui quae
loquebatur\) arioson summo of +d+ar somnunge +dio
is giclioppad [{libertin{] & [{cyrinenti{] & 
[{alexan{] & +dara +da +de ueron
<P 44>
from cilicia & asia flittende mi+d & ne maehton [{ui+ds{]
snytro & gaste +da +de u+es spreccen.
<R 23.3>
(\Cum esset stephanus plenus spiritu sancto intendens in
celum uidit gloriam dei et iesum stantem
ad dextris dei et ait ecce uideo c+alos apertos et filium
hominis stantem ad dextris dei\) mi+d +dy u+as
stefan full gaste halgum in heofne gis+ah wuldur godes &
h+alend stondende to sui+drum godes & cuoe+d heono ic sium
heofnas untyndo & sunu monnes stondende to sui+drum godes.
<R 23.4>
(\Positis genibus stephanus clamauit uoce magna dicens domine
ne statuas illis hoc peccatum et cum
hoc dixisset obdormiuit in domino\) gisettedum cneum
[{stefan{] giceide stefne miclum cuoe+dende [{drihten{]
ne tele +du vel him +dis synn & mi+d +dy +dis gicuoe+d
[{foreslepde{] in drihtne.
<R 23.5>
(\Curauerunt stephanum uiri timorati et fecerunt planctum
magnum super eum igitur qui dispersi erant
transiebant euangelizantes uerbum dei\) agemdon
[{stephan{] waras ondredende & worhton [{wop{] micil
[{ofer{] hine [{for+don{] +da +de tostrogdeno uoeron
[{oferfoerdon{] godspell bodende uord godes.
<R 24>
(\Item collecte unde supra\) .
<R 24.1>
(\Da nobis quesumus domine imitari quod colimus ut discamus
et inimicos diligere quia eius natalitia celebramus
qui nouit etiam pro persecutoribus exorare
per\) sel us ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] +t+atte ue
gilic sie vel +t+atte ue bigeongas +t+at ue giliornia &
fiondas lufia [{for+don{] his symbel (}d+ag}) ue
mersias se +de uat [{wuted{] [{fore{] oehterum gibidda 
[{+derh{] .
<R 24.2>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne [^TORONTO CORPUS: sempiterns^]
deus qui primitias martyrum in beati leuite stephani
sanguine dedicasti tribue quesumus ut pro nobis
intercessor existat qui pro suis
etiam persecutoribus exorauit per\) [{allm+ahtig{]
ece god +du +de frumcendo +drouerana in eadgum
[{diacon{] [{stefan{] blode gihaelgadest sel ue
bidda+d +t+atte [{fore{] us gi+dingere astonde se
+de [{fore{] his [{wuted{] [{foreoehtum{] gib+ad [{+derh{] .
<R 24.3>
(\Deus qui nos unigeniti tui clementer incarnatione redemisti
da nobis patrocinia continuata sanctorum quibus
capere ualeamus salutaris mysterii portionem
per dominum\) god +du +de usig ancendes +dines rummodlice
inlichomung
<P 45>
eft gilesdest sel us fadorlica symlinga halguara +d+am
ginioma ue maegi halwoendes h+alges giryne dael [{+derh{] .
<R 24.4>
(\Gratias agimus domine multiplicatis circa nos
miserationibus tuis qui et filii tui natiuitate
nos saluas et beati martyris stephani deprecatione sustentas
per eundem\) geafona +doncunca ue doa+d [{drihten{]
monigfaldum ymb usig milsum vel miltheartnisum
+dinum +du +de & bearnes +dines acennisse usig
h+ales & eadges +droures stefanes gibede +du underwre+d+des
[{+derh{] .
<R 24.5>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt beatus stephanus
l+auita magnificus sicut ante alius imitator
dominice passionis et pietatis inituit ita sit fragilitatis
promptus adiutor per eundem\) gearua vel gionn
we [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte eadge
stefan [{diacon{] [{micildoend{] su+a aer o+derum gibisnere
vel drihtenlices +drounges & [{arf+astnisse{] giscean vel
ongann su+a sie tedernise gearua helpend [{+derh{] .
<R 25>
(\VI kalends Ianuarii nativitas sancti iohannis
evangelistae\) .
<R 25.1>
(\Qvi timet deum faciet bona et qui continens est iustiti+a
adprehendet illam et obuiauit illi quasi mater
honorificata et quasi mulier a uirginitate suscipiet
illum\) se +de ondredes god gidoe godo
& se +de gihaldendgiorn is [{so+df+astnisse{] gigrippe hia
vel & gigegna+d him suoelce moder arwyr+do & suoelce wif from
hehstaldnise underfoe+d hine.
<R 25.2>
(\In medio +acclesie aperiet os eius et impleuit eum dominus
spiritu sapientiae et intellectus et stolam glorie induit eum\)
on middum cirica untyne+d mu+d his & gifylde hine [{drihten{]
gaste snytres & ondgettes & stol wuldres gigeride hine.
<R 25.3>
(\Iocunditatem et exultationem thesaurizavit super eum et
nomine aeterno hereditavit illum dominus
deus noster\) lufsumnise & wynsumnise gistrionde [{ofer{]
hine & nome ecum gierfeueardade hine [{drihten{] god userne.
<R 25.4>
(\Fratres benedictus deus et pater domini nostri [{iesu{]
christi qui benedixit nos in omni benedictione spiritali
in caelestibus in christo iesu domino nostro\)
[{bro+dro{] gibloedsad god & faeder [{drihten{] [{us{]
[{h+alend{] [{crist{] se +de gibloedsade usig
in +alcum gibloedsunge gastlicum in
<P 46>
heofnum in criste [{h+alend{] [{drihten{] usum.
<R 25.5>
(\Beatus vir qui in sapientia sua morabitur et qui in
iustitia meditabitur et in sensu cogitabit circumspectionem
dei\) eadig uer se +de in snytro his bi+d
wnigende vel & se +de in [{so+df+astnisse{] bi+d
smeande & in +dohte gi+dohte vel gi+dence+d ymbsceawung godes.
<R 25.6>
(\Cibauit illum pane uit+e et intellectus et aqua sapientiae
salutaris potabit illum dominus deus noster\)
giriordade hine hlafe lifes & ondgetes & w+atre
snytres halwoendes gidrence+d hine [{drihten{] god [{user{] .
<R 26>
(\Item collectiones\) .
<R 26.1>
(\+Acclesiam tuam domine benignus inlustra vt beati iohannis
euangelistae inluminata doctrinis ad dona perueniat
sempiterna per dominum\) cirica +din [{drihten{]
uelrumlice giinlihte +t+atte eadges [{ioh{] godspelleres
giinlihtado larum to geafum +derhcyme ecelicum.
<R 26.2>
(\Beati iohannis euangelistae quesumus domine supplicatione
placatus et ueniam nobis tribue et remedia
sempiterna concede\) eadges [{ioh{] [{godspellere{] ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] boene gicuoeme & [{forgefnisse{]
gir+ac & lecedomas ecelica gilef.
<R 26.3>
(\Beati euuangeliste iohannis quesumus domine precibus
adiuuemur vt quod possibilitas nostra non optinet
eius nobis intercessione donetur per\) eadges
[{godspelleres{] [{ioh{] ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] beadum
ue sie aholpen +t+atte +t+at m+ahto usra ne haldes his us
+dincgunge se sald [{+derh{] .
<R 26.4>
(\Sit domine beatus iohannes euuangelista nostrae
fragilitatis adiutor ut pro nobis tibi supplicans
copiosius audiatur per dominum\) sie [{drihten{] eadig
[{iohan{] [{godspellere{] [{user{] [{tedern{]
helpend +t+atte [{fore{] us +de boensande
[{monigfaldlicor{] sie gihered [{+derh{] .
<R 26.5>
(\Deus qui per os beati apostoli tui iohannis uerbi tui nobis
archana reserasti presta quesumus vt
quod ille nostris auribus excellenter infudit intellegentiae
conpetentis eruditione capiamus per\)
god se +de +derh eadges [{apostol{] +dines [{ioh{] uordes
+dines us gidegla eft +du onlece gionn ue [{bidda+t{]
+t+atte +t+at he usum
<P 47>
earum syndirlice vel ind+alde ondgetes
biddendes vel gigiuendes lare onfoe ue vel ginimme [{+derh{] .
<R 26.6>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui huius diei uenerandam
sanctamque laetitiam beati apostoli tui iohannis et
euuangeliste festiuitate tribuisti da ecclesiae tu+a
quesumus et amare quod credidit et predicare quod
docuit per\) [{allm+ahtig{] ece god +du +de
+disses (}d+ages}) arwyr+dne haligne +ac [{gl+ad{]
eadges [{apostol{] +dines [{ioh{] & [{godspeller{] symbeltide
gisaldes sel ciricae +dinre ue [{bidda+t{] & lufia +t+atte
lufade & bodia +t+at gil+arde.
<R 27>
(\In nativitas innocentium\) .
<R 27.1>
(\In diebus illis vidi supra montem sion agnum stantem et cum
eo centum quadraginta quatuor milia
habentes nomen eius et nomen patris eius scriptum in
frontibus suis\) in dagum +d+am ic gis+ah bufa
more sion lemb stondende & mi+d +d+am hundra+d feouertig
feouer +dusendo h+abbendo nome his & nome [{fador{]
his awritten in ondliotum his.
<R 27.2>
(\Avdiui uocem de celo tam quam uocem aquarum multarum et tam
quam uocem tonitrui magni et uocem quam audiui
sicut cytharedorum cytharizantium in cytharis
suis\) ic giherde stefne of heofnum suoelce stefne
[{u+atra{] monigra & suoelce stefne +dunures micles
& stefn +t+at ic giherde suae hearpara hearpandra in hearpum
sinum.
<R 27.3>
(\Cantabant sancti quasi canticum nouum ante sedem et ante
quatuor animalia et seniores et nemo poterat dicere
canticum nisi illa centum quadraginta quatuor
milia qui empti sunt de terra\) gisungan halga
waras suoelce lofsong niue aer vel [{fore{] sedle
[^TORONTO CORPUS: selde^] & [{bifora{] feoro netno & 
aldo & n+anig [{monn{]
m+ahte gicuoe+da +t+at lofsong butan +d+am hundra+d feortig
feoro +dusendo +da +de [{gibohto{] aron of ear+de.
<R 27.4>
(\Hi sunt qui cum mulieribus non sunt coinquinati uirgines
enim sunt hi sunt qui secuntur agnum quocumque ierit\)
+das aron +da +de mi+d uifum ne sindon
giuidlado hehstaldo [{for+don{] sindon +das aron +da
+de gifylga+d +t+at lemb sua huidir g+a+d.
<R 27.5>
(\Hi sunt qui uenerunt de tribulatione magna et lauerunt
stolas suas et dealbauerunt eas in sanguine agni
ideo sunt ante thronum dei et seruiunt ei die ac
nocte in templo eius audiui uocem de celo
dicentem scribe beati mortui qui in domino moriuntur\)
+das aron +da +de gicuomon of costunge micle
& a+duogon
<P 48>
gigerela hiora & gihuidadon hia in blode lombes
[{for+don{] aron [{bifora{] hehsedle godes &
gihera+d him (}d+ag}) & n+aht in temple his ic giherde stefen
of heofne cuoe+dende awritt eadgo deado +da +de in drihtne
bi+don deade.
<R 28>
(\Item collectiones ad innocentes\) .
<R 28.1>
(\Deus cuius hodierna die preconium innocentes martyres non
loquendo sed moriendo confessi sunt omnia in nobis
uitiorum mala mortifica ut fidem tuam quam
lingua nostra loquitur etiam moribus uita
fateatur\) god +d+as ecelic (}d+ag}) [{forebodere{] vel
unscyldigo +droueras no sprece ah dea+de ondetendo
aron alle in us synna yfelra gideada +du +t+atte lufu +din
+t+at tunga [{usa{] gisprece+d [{wuted{] +deauum lif
giondeted bi+d.
<R 28.2>
(\Deus qui licet sis magnus mirabilia tamen gloriosius
operaris in minimis da nobis quesumus in eorum
celebritate gaudere qui filio tuo domino nostro
testimonium prebuerunt etiam non loquentes per\)
god +du +de +d+ah +du sie micil wundro sua +d+eh wuldurig
+du wyrces on lytlum sel us ue [{bidda+t{] in hiara
gimersunge gifeaiga +da +de bearne +dinum drihtne usum
gicy+dnisse saldon [{wuted{] no spreccende.
<R 28.3>
(\Discat +acclesia tua deus infantium quos hodie ueneramur
exemplo sinceram tenere pietatem qu+e prius
uitam prestitit sempiternam quam posset nosse presentem
per\) giliornia cirica +din god cildra vel
+da to (}d+ag}) ue wor+dia+d bisene smylte vel
[{bli+delic{] gihalde arf+astnise +dio aerist lif gisili+d
ece +t+at vel +don m+ahte ongeatta vel wutta ondueardne.
<R 28.4>
(\Adiuua nos domine quesumus eorum deprecatione sanctorum qui
filium tuum humana nec dum uoce profitentes c+alesti
sunt pro eius natiuitate gratia coronati
qui\) gihelp usig [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] hiora
gibed halga wara +da +de bearn +din [{mennisc{] ne +da get
stefn ondetende heofonlic sindon [{fore{] his
accennisse gefe gisigf+astado.
<R 28.5>
(\Ipsi nobis domine quesumus postulent mentium puritatem
quorum innocentiam hodie solemniter celebramus per\)
+da us [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] gigiuiga hia
+dohta cl+annisse +dara unscyldignisse to
(}d+ag}) symbellice gimersiga ue.
<P 49>
<R 29>
(\II kalends ianuarii nativitas sancti siluestri\) .
<R 29.1>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus vt beati siluestri confessoris
tui atque pontificis ueneranda solemnitas et deuotionem
nobis augeat et salutem per\) sel ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte eadges [{siluest{]
ondeteres +dines & +ac hehbiscopes arwyr+do symbeltido
& oest us giece & h+alo.
<R 30>
(\XVIII kalends februarii nativitas sancte felicis\) .
<R 30.1>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus vt ad meliorem uitam
sanctorum tuorum exempla nos prouocent quatenus
quorum solemnia agimus etiam actus imitemur per dominum\)
gilef ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte
to +d+am betra life halga wara +dinra biseno usig gicliopia
+da huile vel o+d +t+at +dara symbeltido ue do+e+d [{wuted{]
dedum ue bisen ginime.
<R 31>
(\XVI kalends februarii nativitas sancte marcelle\) .
<R 31.1>
(\Preces populi tui quesumus domine clementer exaudi ut beati
marcelli martyris tui atque pontificis meritis
adiuuemur cuius passione letamur per\) beado
folces +dines ue [{bidda+t{] rumlice giher +t+atte
eadges [{marcell{] +droueres +dines & +ac [{hehbisco{]
earnungum ue sie giholpen +d+as +drounge gigladiga.
<R 32>
(\XV kalends februarii nativitas sancte prisce martyris\) .
<R 32.1>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus ut qui beate prisce martyris
tu+a natalicia colimus et annua solemnitate
l+atemur et tante fidei proficiamus exemplo per\) sel ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de eadges
prisc+a +droueres +dines symbeltido ue bigeonga+d &
gerlico symbelnise gigladia ue & micles [{lufe{]
gi+dii ue bisene.
<R 33>
(\XIII kalends februarii nativitas sancte fabiani martyris\) .
<R 33.1>
(\Infirmitatem nostram respice omnipotens deus et quia pondus
proprie actionis nos grauat beati fabiana martyris
tui atque pontificis intercessio gloriosa nos
protegat per dominum\) untrymnise usa eft bihald
[{allm+ahtig{] god & for+don byr+den agenlices dedes usig
hefiga+d eadges [{fabian{] +droures +dines & +ac
[{hehbisco{] [{fore+dingunge{] wuldrigo usig giscilde 
[{+derh{] .
<P 50>
<R 34>
(\Eodem die sancti sebastiani\) .
<R 34.1>
(\Deus qui beatum sebastianum martyrem tuum uirtute
constanti+a in passione roborasti ex eius nobis
imitatione tribue pro amore tuo prospera mundi dispicere et
nulla eius aduersa formidare per\) god +du +de
eadgum [{sebastian{] +droure +din m+agne
stydf+astnise in +drounge gitrymmedest of his us
gilicbisene vel sel [{fore{] lufe +dinum [{gimoedo{] vel wala
[{middangeardes{] gitela & n+ango his wi+dirweardo onscynia.
<R 35>
(\XII kalends februarii nativitas sancte agnetis virginis\) .
<R 35.1>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui infirma mundi eligis ut
fortia queque confundas concede propitius
ut qui beati agnetis martyris tu+a solemnia colimus et aput
te patrocinia sentiamus per\) [{allm+ahtig{] ece
god +du +de gimetomicla [{middangeardes{] [{giceas{]
+t+atte stronga sua heoelc +du [{forsui+des{]
gilef mildelice +t+atte +da +de eadges agnes +droures +dines
symbeltido ue bigas & mi+d +de fadorlico +ding ue gifoele.
<R 35.2>
(\Presta quesumus domine mentibus nostris cum exultatione
prouectum ut beate agnetis martyris tu+a
cuius diem passionis annua deuotione recolimus etiam fidei
constantiam subsequamur per\) gearuig ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] +dohtum usum mi+d wynsumnise
gi+dynge +t+atte eadges agnes +droures +dines +daere
(}d+ag}) +drounges gerlicum oeste eft bigaa+d [{wuted{] lufes
stydf+astnise underfylga ue.
<R 36>
(\XI kalends sancti vincenti martyris\) .
<R 36.1>
(\Adesto quesumus domine supplicationibus nostris vt qui ex
iniquitate nostra reos nos esse cognoscimus beati
uincentii martyris tui intercessione liberemur
per\) woes +du ue [{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] to boenum
usum +t+atte +da +de of [{unrehtuisse{] scyldigo usig
uosa ongeatta+d eadges [{uincenti{] +droures +dines
+dingunge ue sie gifriad.
<R 37>
(\V kalends octauas agnetis\) .
<R 37.1>
(\Deus qui nos annua beate agnetis martyris tue solemnitate
laetificas da quesumus ut quam ueneramur officio
etiam pi+a conuersationis sequamur exemplo per
dominum nostrum\) god +da +de usig gerlicum
eadges [{ag{] +droures +dines [{symbelnisse{] gigladias sel
ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte +t+at ilca ue wor+dia+d hernisse
<P 51>
[{wuted{] arf+ast [{giwosa{] vel ue gifylga bisene.
<R 38>
(\Non februarii sancte agathe virginis\) .
<R 38.1>
(\Deus qui inter cetera potentiae tue miracula etiam in sexu
fragili uictoriam martyrii contulisti
concede propitius ut cuius natalitia colimus per eius ad te
exempla gradiamur per\) god +du +de bituin o+dro
m+ahtes +dines wundra [{wuted{] in gisc+ap tederlicum
sig +drounges gibrohtest gilef rumlice +t+atte
+d+are [{symbelnisse{] ue bigaa+d +derh +d+ar to +de biseno
gistepe ue.
<R 39>
(\VI decima kalends maii sancti ualentini\) .
<R 39.1>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus ut qui beati valentini
martyris tui natalitia colimus a cunctis malis
inminentibus eius intercessione liberemur per dominum\) 
gearuig ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de
eadges [{ual{] +droures +dines [{symbelnisse{] ue bigas from
allum yflum onbiotendum his +dingunge ue sie
friado.
<R 40>
(\IIII idus martii sancti [{gregorii{] papae\) .
<R 40.1>
(\Deus qui anime famuli tui gregorii aeterne beatitudinis
premia contulisti concede propitius vt [{qui{]
peccatorum nostrorum pondere premimur eius aput te
precibus subleuemur per\) god +du +de saule +deas
+dines [{grego{] eces [{eadignisse{] meardo gibrohtest
gilef mildelice +t+atte +da +de synna usra hefignise
ue bi+don a+dryhto his mi+d +dec beadum ue underlihtad sie.
<R 41.1>
(\VIII kalends aprilis [{adnuntiatio{] sancte marie\) .
(\Deus qui beate uirginis utero uerbum tuum angelo
annuntiante carnem suscipere uoluisti presta supplicibus
tuis ut qui uere eam genetricem dei credimus eius
aput te intercessionibus adiuuemur per
eundem dominum\) god +du +de eadges hehstaldes hrif word
+din engle s+acgende fl+asc onfenge ualdest gionn
giboensandum +dinum +t+atte +da [{+de{] so+dlice hia
acennic vel godes ue gilefdon hir mi+d +dec +dingungum
ue sie aholpen [{+derh{] .
<R 42>
(\XVIII kalends maii sanctorum tiburtii et ualeriani\) .
<R 42.1>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui sanctorum tuorum
tiburtii et ualeriani et maximi solemnia
colimus eorum etiam uirtutes imitemur per dominum\) gionn
ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de halga
wara
<P 52>
+dinra [{tibur{] & [{ualeria{] & maxi symbeltido ue
bigaa+d hiora [{wuted{] m+agno ue gibisnia [{+derh{] .
<R 43>
(\IX kalends maii sancti georgii martyris\) .
<R 43.1>
(\Deus qui nos beati georgii martyris tui meritis et
intercessione l+atificas concede propitius ut
qui eius beneficia posscimus donatione gratie consequamur
per\) god +du +de usig eadges [{georg{] +droures
+dines earnungum & +dingunge gigladias gilef rumlice
+t+atte +da +de his [{uelfremnisse{] ue giuga+d giselenise
gefes ue gifylga [{+derh{] .
<R 44>
(\VII kalends maii nativitas sancti marci euangelistae\) .
<R 44.1>
(\Sit domine beatus marcus martyr et euangelista nostrae
fragilitatis adiutor ut pro nobis tibi supplicans
copiosius audiatur per\) sie [{drihten{] eadig
[{marc{] +drouere & godspellere usra tedernises helpend +t+atte
[{for{] us +de boensande [{monigfald{] sie gihered.
<R 45>
(\IIII kalends mai sancti uitalis martyris\) .
<R 45.1>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt intercedente beato
uitale martyre tuo et cunctis aduersitatibus liberemur
in corpore et a prauis cogitationibus mundemur
in mente per\) gearuig ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god +t+atte gi+dingende eadgum [{uital{] +droure
+dinum & allum wi+dirmoedum vel ue sie friad in lichome
& from woeum vel +dohtum ue se gicl+ansado on +dohte.
<R 46>
(\Kalends maii apostolorum piliphi et iacobi\) .
<R 46.1>
(\Deus qui nos annua apostolorum tuorum philippi et iacobi
solemnitate l+atificas presta quesumus ut quorum
gaudemus meritis instruamur exemplis per\) god +du
+de usig gerlicum [{aposto{] +dinra symbeltide +du
gigladas gionn ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte +dara ue
[{gifeaiga{] earnungum ue se gil+aredo bisenum.
<R 47>
(\V non maii sanctorum alexandri euenti et theodori\) .
<R 47.1>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui sanctorum tuorum
alexandri euentii et teodoli natalicia colimus a cunctis
malis iminentibus eorum intercessionibus
liberemur per\) giunne [{we{] [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god +t+atte +da +de halga wara 
<P 53>
+dinra symbeltido ue bigaas from allum yflum 
onbiotendum +dara vel hiora +dingungum ue sie afriad.
<R 48>
(\II non maii sancti iohannis ante porta latina\) .
<R 48.1>
(\Deus qui conspicis quia nos undique mala nostra perterbant
presta quesumus ut beati iohannis apostoli tui
intercessio gloriosa nos protegat per\) god +du
+de bisiist +t+atte usig eghuona yflo usra +derhstyria+d
gearua ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte eadges [{ioh{]
[{apostol{] +dines +dingunge wuldrig usig giscilde.
<R 49>
(\Vi idus maii sanctorum gordiani et epimachi\) .
<R 49.1>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui beatorum martyrum
gordiani atque epimachi solemnia colimus eorum aput
te intercessionibus adiuuemur per\) sel ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de
eadigra +drouera & +ac symbeltido ue biga+d +dara +at +de
vel mi+d +dec +dingungum ue sie aholpen.
<R 50>
(\IIII Idus maii sanctores nerei & alcillei & pancratii\) .
<R 50.1>
(\Semper nos domine martyrum tuorum nerei et achillei et
pancratii foueat quesumus beata sollemnitas et
tuo dignos reddat obsequio per dominum\) symle usig 
[{drihten{] drih +drouera +dinra & gihelpa ue [{bidda+t{]
eadgo symbeltide & +dinum wyr+do agelde hernise.
<R 50.2>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus ad eorum nos gaudia
aeterna pertingere de quorum nos uirtute tribuis
annua solemnitate gaudere per dominum\) gilef ue [{bidda+t{]
[{allm+ahtig{] god to hiora usig gifea eco +derhgihrina
of +dara usig m+agne +du seles gerlica symbeltido
gifea.
<R 51>
(\VIII kalends iunii sancti urbani episcopi\) .
<R 51.1>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui beati urbani martyris
tui atque pontificis solemnia colimus eius aput te
intercessionibus adiuuemur per dominum\) sel ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de eadges
[{urban{] +droueres +dines & +ac [{hehbisco{] symbeltido
ue bigaa+d his mi+d +dec +dingungum ue sie aholpen.
<P 54>
<R 52>
(\IIII Non iunii sanctorum marcellini et petri\) .
<R 52.1>
(\Deus qui nos annua beatorum marcellini et petri martyrum
tuorum solemnitate l+atificas presta quesumus ut quorum
gaudemus meritis prouocemur exemplis per\)
god +du +de usig gerlico eadigra & +droura
+dinra [{symbeltid{] +du gigladas gearuig ue [{bidda+t{]
+t+atte +dara ue gifea+d earnungum ue gicega+d sie bisenum.
<R 53>
(\V Idus iunii sanctores primi et feliciani\) .
<R 53.1>
(\Fac nos domine quesumus sanctorum tuorum primi et feliciani
semper festa sectari quorum suffragiis protectionis
tu+a dona sentiamus per dominum\) do usig
[{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] haligra +dinra & symle
symbeltido +t+atte ue gifylga +dara fultummum [{scildnise{]
+dines geafo ue gifoela [{+derh{] .
<R 54>
(\II Idus iunii sanctorum basilidis cirini naboris et
nazarii\) .
<R 54.1>
(\Sanctorum basilidis cirini naboris et nazarii quesumus
domine natalitia nobis uotiua resplendeant et quod
illis contullit excellentiam sempiternam fructibus
nostr+a deuotionis accrescat per\) halga wara & ue
[{bidda+t{] [{drihten{] symbeltido us oestlica
eft hia gilixia & +t+at +d+am gibrohte gicorenscipe
vel ece w+astmum [{user{] oestes giu+axe.
<R 55>
(\III kalends iuli marci et marcelliani\) .
<R 55.1>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens ut qui sanctorum marci et
marcelliani natalicia colimus a cunctis malis
inminentibus eorum intercessione liberemur per\) gearuig
ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] +t+atte +da +de halg
[{uara{] & symbelcennise ue bigaa+d from allum yflum
onbiotendum hiora +dingunge ue sie afriodo [{+derh{] .
<R 56>
(\III kalends iuli sanctorum protasi et geruasi\) .
<R 56.1>
(\Deus qui nos annua sanctorum tuorum protasi et gervasii
solemnitate l+etificas concede propitius
ut quorum gaudemus meritis accendamur exemplis per\) god +du
+de gerlico halga [{ua{] +dinra & [{symbeltid{]
+du gigladas gilef rumlice +t+atte +dara ue gifeaiga
earnungum ue sie giberned bisenum.
<P 55>
<R 57>
(\VIIII kalends iuli vigigilia sancti iohannis babtisti\) .
<R 57.1>
(\In diebus illis factum est uerbum domini ad me dicens prius
quam te formarem in utero noui te et
ante quam exires de uulua sanctificate et prophetam in
gentibus dedi te\) on dagum +d+am aworden u+as
word drihtnes to me cuoe+dende aer +t+at +dec ic gisceope
in hrife ic wiste +dec & +ar +t+at giedest of
uombe ic gihalgade & witge in cynnum ic gisalde +de.
<R 57.2>
(\Et dixit dominus ad me noli dicere quia puer sum quoniam ad
omnia quae mittam te ibis et uniuersa qu+e mandauero
tibi loqueris ne timeas a facie eorum quia
tecum sum ut eruam te dicit dominus\) &
cuoe+d [{drihten{] to me n+alle +du gicu+a+da +t+atte cn+aht
am [{for+don{] to allum su+a huidder ic sende +dec +du
g+ast & allo +da +de ic bibeade +de +du gispreces ne ondred
+du from onsione hiora [{for+don{] +dec mi+d am +t+atte ic
genere +dec cuoe+d [{drihten{] .
<R 57.3>
(\Misit dominus manum suam et tetigit os meum et dixit mihi
ecce dedi uerba mea in ore tuo ecce constitui te
super gentes et super regna ut euellas et destruas
et disperdas et dissipes et edifices
et plantes dicit dominus\) sende [{drihten{] hond his &
gihran mu+d min & cuoe+d me heono ic salde worda mino
in mu+de +dinum heono ic gisette +dec [{ofer{] cynno
& [{ofer{] rico +t+atte ahloefa & tostregda & toworpa
& +du spilla & +t+at +du gitimbra & +t+atte +du
giplontia cuoe+d [{drihten{] .
<R 57.4>
(\Haec dicit dominus deus audite insul+e et adtendite populi
de longe dominus ab utero uocauit me de uentre matris
meae recordatus est nominis mei\) +das
cuoe+d [{drihten{] god gihera+d ealondes & to bihalda+d
gie folco fearra [{drihten{] from hrife giceide mec of
uombe [{moder{] minr+a eftgimyndig u+as [{nome{]
mines.
<R 57.5>
(\Haec dicit dominus formans me ex utero seruum sibi dedi te
in lucem gentium ut sis salus mea usque ad extremum terr+e\) .
+das cvoe+d [{drihten{] bisinde vel sceop mec of hrife esne
him ic salde +dec on leht cynna +t+atte [^TORONTO CORPUS:       #
+tte^] sie h+alo mino o+d to vi+d
vtmeste vel ear+des.
<R 57.6>
(\Reges uidebunt et consurgent principes et adorabunt propter
dominum deum tuum et sanctum israhel
qui elegi te\) cyningas gisea+d & arisa+d aldormenn &
giwor+diga+d [{fore{] [{drihten{] gode +dinne & [{halig{]
[{israel{] se +de giceas +dec.
<P 56>
<R 58>
(\Item collecta\) .
<R 58.1>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt familia tua per uiam
salutis incedat et beati iohannis precursoris ortamenta
sectando ad eum quem predixit secura
perueniat qui\) gearuig ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god +t+atte higo +din +derh woeg h+ales ingae & eadges
[{ioh{] [{foreiornere{] gitrymniso fylgincgo to hine
+done [{fore{] cuoe+d sorgleas +derhcyme.
<R 58.2>
(\Concede quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui beati iohannis
baptist+e solemnia colimus eius aput te intercessione 
muniamur\)
gilef ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{]
god +t+atte +da +de eadges [{ioh{] b+achere [{symbel{]
ue biga+d his mi+d +dec +dingunge ue sie gitrymed.
<R 58.3>
(\Deus qui nos beati iohannis baptiste concedis natalicia
perfrui eius nos tribue meritis adiuuari
per\) god +du +de usig eadges [{ioh{] b+acere gilefes
[{symbelcennisse{] +t+atte ue gibruca his usig gir+ac
earnungum +t+atte ue sie giholpeno.
<R 59>
(\Item ut supra\) .
<R 59.1>
(\Deus qui conspicis quia nos undique mala nostra contristant
per precursorem gaudii corda nostra
laetifica per dominum\) god +du +de bisiist +t+atte usig
eghuona yfla usa girotsia+d vel +derh [{foreiornere{]
gifeaiga vel hearta usa giglada +du [{+derh{] .
<R 59.2>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus da cordibus nostris illam tuarum
rectitudinem semitarum quam beati iohannis baptiste
in deserto uox clamantis edocuit per\)
[{allm+ahtig{] ece god sel heortum usum +da ilca
+dinra girihtnise ece +t+at eadges [{ioh{] [{b+acere{] on
woesterne steft clioppendes gil+arde [{+derh{] .
<R 59.3>
(\Omnipotens et misericors deus qui beatum iohannem baptistam
tua prouidentia destinasti ut perfectam plebem christo
domino prepararet da quesumus vt familia
tua huius intercessione preconis et a
peccatis omnibus exuatur et ad eum quem prophetauit peruenire
mereamur per quem\) [{allm+ahtig{] & milthearta god
+du +de +done eadge [{ioh{] b+acere +dinre
[{foresceaunge{] gisundradest +t+atte uisf+ast folc
criste [{drihten{] [{foregearuade{] sel ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte
higo +din +disses +dingunge merseres vel & from synnum
allum sie bireafad & to +d+am +done giuitgade gicyme ue
giearnia.
<P 57>
<R 60>
(\VI kalends iulii sanctorum iohannis et pauli\) .
<R 60.1>
(\Quessumus omnipotens deus vt nos geminata l+atitia
hodiern+a festiuitatis excipiat qu+e de beatorum
iohannis et pauli glorificatione procedit quos eadem fides
et passio uere fecit esse germanos per\)
ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte usig tuifallico
gl+adniso [{ecelic{] d+ag [{symbelnisse{] he onfoe +da +de
of eadigra & wuldrung so+dcuom +da +t+at ilca lufu & +droung
so+dlice dyde +t+atte uere rehtgibro+dro.
<R 61>
(\IIII kalends iuli sancte leonis pape\) .
<R 61.1>
(\Deus qui beatum leonem pontificem sanctorum tuorum meritis
coequasti concede propitius vt qui commemorationis
eius festa percolimus uit+e quoque imitemur
exempla per dominum\) god +du +de +done eadge
[{leon{] [{hehbisc{] halga wara +dinra earnungum giefendes
gilef rumlice +t+atte +da +de efnegimyndes his measso ue
bigeongas lifes +ac+don ue bisen ginime biseno.
<R 62>
(\III kalends iuli passio sancti petri apostoli\) .
<R 62.1>
(\Claudus quidam cum uidisset petrum et iohannem rogabat ut
elimosinam acciperet petrus autem dixit argentum
et aurum non est mihi quod autem habeo hoc tibi do
in nomine iesu christi nazareni surge et ambula\)
halt sum mi+d +dy gisege & gib+ad vel +t+atte
aellmisa onfenge [{wuted{] cuo+d sulfer & gold
ne is me +t+at [{wuted{] ic hafo +dis +de ic sila in nome
[{h+alendes{] [{crist{] [{n+atzaren{] aris & geong.
<R 62.2>
(\Exiliens claudus stetit et ambulabat et intrauit cum illis
in templum ambulans et exiliens et laudans deum\)
sturtende se halta gistod & gieade vel & [{in{]
eade mi+d +d+am in temple geongende & f+arende & hergiende god.
<R 62.3>
(\In diebus illis dans petrus manum thabit+e erexit eam et cum
uocasset sanctos et uiduas adsignauit eam uiuam
notum autem factum est per uniuersam iopen et
crediderunt multi in domino\) in d+agum +daem salde
hond +d+am uife ahof hia & mi+d +dy gicliopade +da
halga [{war{] & +da widuo togimercade hia lifiende
cu+d [{wuted{] aworden u+as +derh allne [{iop{] &
gilefdon monigo in drihtne.
<P 58>
<R 62.4>
(\Petrus quidem seruabatur in carcere oratio autem fiebat
sine intermissione ab +acclesia ad deum pro eo\)
f+astlice haldende u+as in [{carc{] gibed [{wuted{]
u+as butan bituin [{forletnise{] from cirica to gode [{fore{]
hine.
<R 62.5>
(\Angelus domini adstitit et lumen refulsit in habitaculo
carceris percusoque latere petri suscitauit eum
dicens surge uelociter et c+eciderunt cataene de
manibus eius\) engel [{drihtnes{] +atgistod &
leht eft scean in wununise [{carce{] & mi+d +dy gislog side
vel petres awoehte hine cuoe+dende aris hr+a+dlice &
gifeallon +da racentego of hondum his.
<R 62.6>
(\Dixit angelus ad petrum precingere et calcia te calligas
tuas et fecit sic et exiens sequebatur
eum et nesciebat quia uerum est quod fiebat per angelum
estimabat autem se uisum uidere\) cuoe+d engel
to petre [{foregyrd{] & gisceo +dec sceoh+dongum +dinum &
dyde sua & f+arende gifylgede hine & nyste
+t+atte so+d uoere +t+atte u+as +derh engel gitelede
[{wuted{] hine gisih+de gisege.
<R 63>
(\Item ut supra\) .
<R 63.1>
(\Petrus ad se reuersus dixit nunc scio uere quia misit
dominus angelum suum et eripuit me de manu
herodis et de omni expectatione plebis iudeorum\) petre to
him eft ymwoende cuoe+d nu ic uat so+dlice +t+atte
sende [{drihten{] engel his & ginerede mec of
honde & of allum basnunge folces iudeana.
<R 64>
(\Secuntur collecte\) .
<R 64.1>
(\Deus qui nobis apostolorum beatorum petri et pauli
natalicia gloriosa peruenire concedis tribue
quesumus eorum nos semper et beneficiis peruenire et
orationibus adiuuari per\) god +du +de usig [{apostol{]
eadigra & symbeltido wuldrigo gicyme +du gilefes sel
ue [{bidda+t{] +dara usig symle & uelfremnisum gicyme
& gibeadum +t+atte ue sie aholpen.
<R 64.2>
(\Deus qui aecclesiam tuam apostoli tui petri fide et nomine
consecrasti quique beatum illi paulum
ad predicandum gentibus gloriam tuam sociare dignatus es
concede vt omnes qui ad apostolorum tuorum
solemnia conuenerunt spiritali remuneratione ditentur
per\) god +du +de cirica +din [{apostoles{] +dines
lufe & nome gih+algadest +du +de +ac +done eadge +d+am
[{paul{] to [{bodian{] h+a+dnum wuldur +din gigeadriga
gimeodumad ar+d gilef +t+atte alle +da +de to [{apostolum{]
+dinra symbeltido gicuomon gastlicum
<P 59>
eftgeafunge hie awlencedo [^TORONTO CORPUS: awiencedo^]
sie vel giwoelgado.
<R 64.3>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt nullis nos permittas
perturbationibus concuti quos in apostolice confessionis
petra solidasti per\) gearwig ue [{bidda+t{]
[{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte n+angum usig +du giletas
styrenissum +t+atte ue sie asce+accen +da in [{apostolic{]
giondetnisses [{pet{] gitrymedest.
<R 64.4>
(\Deus qui apostolo tuo petro collatis clauibus regni
celestis ligandi atque soluendi pontificium
tradidisti concede vt intercessionis eius auxilio a
peccatorum nostrorum nexibus liberemur per\) god +du
+de [{apost{] +dinum [{pet{] gil+adedum c+agum rices
heofnes gibundennises & +ac [{undoenise{] biscophad
gisaldest gilef +t+atte [{+dingunge{] his fultume from synna
usra gicnyccum ue bi+do.
<R 64.5>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui aecclaesiam tuam in
apostolica soliditate fundatam ab infernorum eruis
terrore portarum [{presta{] ut in tua ueritate persistens
nulla consortia perfidorum per\) [{allm+ahtig{] ece
god +du +de cirica +din in [{apostolic{]
gitrymnise astetted from [{elluar{] +di gineres fryhte vel
g+attana gearuig +t+atte in +dinum [{so+df+astnisse{]
+derhstondende n+ango gihlytto trioleasra.
<R 64.6>
(\Familiam tuam domine [{propitius{] intuere et apostolicis
defende presidiis ut eorum precibus gubernetur quibus
nititur te constituente principibus per\) higo
+din [{drihten{] rumlice bihalda & [{apostolicum{]
giscild fultumum +t+atte hiora beodum sie gistiored
+d+am bi+d acunned +dec gisittende vel [{aldormonnum{] .
<R 64.7>
(\Domine deus omnipotens beatorum apostolorum tuorum petri et
pauli honore continuo pleps tua semper exultet
et his presulibus gubernetur quorum doctrinis
gaudet et meritis per\) [{drihten{] god
[{allm+ahtig{] eadigra [{apostola{] +dinra & wor+dunge symlung
folc +din symle giwyinsumia & +d+am vel +dissum aldormonnum
gistiored sie +dara larum gifeaiga & earnungum.
<R 65>
(\II kalends sancti pauli apostoli\) .
<R 65.1>
(\Fratres notum uobis facio euangelium quod predicaui uobis
quod et accepistis in quo et statis per quod et saluemini\)
[{bro+dro{] cu+d iuh ic dom godspell
+t+at ic bodade
<P 60>
iuh +t+at & gie onfengon in +don
+ac gie stondas +derh +t+at +ac gie bi+don gih+aledo.
<R 65.2>
(\Ego enim sum minimus omnium apostolorum qui non sum dignus
uocari apostolus quoniam persecutus sum +acclesiam
dei gratia dei sum id quod sum et gratia eius
in me uacua non fuit nemo militans deo
inplicat se negotiis secularibus ut ei placeat cui se
probauit nam et qui certat in agone non coronatur
nisi legitime certauerit\) ic [{for+don{] am l+asest
allra [{aposto{] se +de ic ne am wyr+de +t+atte ic
se gicliopad erendwracca [{for+don{] gioehtende am cirica
godes gefe godes am +t+at +t+atte am & gefe his
in mec idil ne u+as n+anig (}monn}) compigende gode gifalde
hine gimotum woruldlicum +t+atte him gicuoeme +d+am
hine gicostade for+don +ac se +de gifehta+d in
erning vel in gefeht ne bi+d gisigf+astad butan
[{gileofa{] vel gifehte.
<R 65.3>
(\Bonum certamen certaui cursum cosummaui fidem seruaui in
reliquo reposita est mihi corona iustitie quam
reddet mihi dominus in illa die iustus iudex\) god
gifeht ic gif+aht erning ic giendade lufu ic
giheald on +d+am lafe asetted is me sigbeg
[{so+df+astnisse{] +t+at ageldes me [{drihten{] on +d+am
so+df+ast doeme.
<R 65.4>
(\Dominus michi adstitit et confortauit me ut per me
predicatio impleatur et audiant omnes gentes
et liberatus sum de ore leonis liberauit me dominus ab omni
ore malo et saluum faciet regnum suum
c+aleste cui gloria in secula seculorum amen\) [{drihten{]
me +atgistod & gitrymmede mec +t+atte +derh mec
[{forebodung{] vel sie gifylled & gihere alle cynno & alesad
am of mu+d leas gifriode mec [{drihten{] from +alcum [{mu+du{]
yfle & hal gidoe ric his heofonlic +d+am
wuldur in worulda woruld.
<R 66>
(\Secuntur collecte\) .
<R 66.1>
(\Deus qui multitudinem gentium beati pauli apostoli
predicatione docuisti da nobis quesumus ut cuius
natalicia colimus eius aput te patrocinia sentiamus per\)
god +du +de monigfaldnise h+a+dna eadges
bodunge gil+ardest sel us ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte +d+as
[{symbelnisse{] ue biga+d.
<R 66.2>
(\Concede quesumus domine apostolos tuos interuenire pro
nobis quia tunc nos saluari posse confidimus si
eorum precibus tua gubernetur +acclesia quibus te
constituente principibus per\) gilef ue [{bidda+t{]
[{drihten{] [{apostol{] +dino gi+dingage
<P 61>
[{fore{] us [{for+don{] +don usig +t+atte ue sie geh+aledo
m+agi ue gitriua+d gif hiora beodum +din sie gistiored cirica
+d+am +dec gisettende [{aldormonnum{] .
<R 66.3>
(\Apostolicis nos domine quesumus beatorum petri et pauli
adtolle presidiis ut quanto fragiliores
sumus tanto ualidioribus auxiliis foueamur per dominum
nostrum\) [{apostolic{] usig [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{]
eadigra & toginim fultummum +t+atte su+a feolo
[{tederlico{] we sindon su+a sui+de strongrum helpum ue
sie aholpen.
<R 67>
(\II Non iuli octauas apostolorum\) .
<R 67.1>
(\Hii sunt uiri misericordi+a quorum iustiti+a obliuionem non
acceperunt cum semine eorum permanent
bona hereditas sancta nepotes eorum et in testamentis stetit
semen eorum et filii eorum propter eos usque in
aeternum manent\) +das sindon waras
[{miltheartnisse{] +dara [{so+df+astnisse{]
[{ofergeottolnisse{] ne onfengon mi+d sed hiora wunia+d godo
erfeuardnisso h+algo [{+aftercneoreso{] hiora & in cy+dnissum
gistod sed hiora & bearno hiora [{fore{] +d+am ui+d in ecnise
hia wnia+d.
<R 67.2>
(\Corpora sanctorum in pace sepulta sunt et nomen eorum uiuet
in secula sapientiam eorum narrabunt
omnes populi et laudem eorum pronuntiet omnis ecclesia
sanctorum\) lichomo halga uara in sibbe bibyrgedo
aron & nome hiora life+d in woruldum snytre hiora
s+agdon vel s+acga+d alle folco & herenisse
hiora gis+acge vel all +dio cirica halga [{wa{] .
<R 68>
(\Secuntur collecte\) .
<R 68.1>
(\Deus cuius dextera beatum petrum ambulantem in fluctibus ne
mergeretur erexit et coapostolum eius paulum tercio
naufragantem de profundo pelagi liberauit
exaudi nos propitius et concede vt amborum meritis
+aternitatis gloriam consequamur per\) god +d+as
sui+dre eadge [{pet{] geongende on y+dum +dy
l+as uere gidruncen ahof & efne [{apostol{] his +dirde
scipdrincende of grunde brymmes gifriade giher usig
rumlice & gilef +t+atte boegra earnungum ecelices wuldur ue
fylga.
<R 68.2>
(\Protege domine populum tuum et apostolorum tuorum
patrocinia confidentem perpetua defentione conserua per\)
giscild [{drihten{] folc +dinne & [{apostola{]
<P 62>
+dinra fadorlico +ding gitriunde ecelicum giscildnise gihald.
<R 68.3>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui nos beatorum apostolorum
petri et pauli multiplici facis celebritate gaudere
da quesumus eorum sepius iterata solemnitas
nostre sit tuitionis augmentum per dominum\) [{allm+ahtig{]
ece god +du +de usig eadigra [{apostola{] &
[{monigfallic{] doest mersunge gifeaia sel ue [{bidda+t{]
+dara oftor giboetado vel [{symbelnisse{] [{user{] sie
giscildnisses [{oferece{] .
<R 69>
(\VI Non iuli sanctorum processi et martiniani\) .
<R 69.1>
(\Deus qui nos sanctorum tuorum processi et martiniani
confessionibus gloriosis circumdas et protegis da
nobis et eorum imittatione proficere et intercessione
gaudere per\) god +du +de usig halga [{wara{] +dinra
& ondetendum wuldirlicum ymbseles &
[{giscildes{] sel us +ac hiora bissene gi+dia & +dingunge
gifeaia.
<R 70>
(\IIII Non iuli translatio beati martini\) .
<R 70.1>
(\Sancti sacerdotis tui martini hodie translationem
celebrantibus tribue nobis domine vt sicut commemorationem
eius deuotissime colimus ita et opus fideliter
immittemur per dominum\) halga sacerd+as +dines
[{mar{] to (}d+ag}) [{oferlad{] mersandum gir+ac us
[{drihten{] +t+atte su+a gimynd his oestlice ue bigaa+d su+a
woerc gileaffullice ue biseno nioma+d vel.
<R 70.2>
(\VI idus iuli sanctorum VII fratrum filiorum sancte
felicitatis\) .
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus vt qui gloriosos martyres
fortes in sua confessione cognouimus
pios aput te in nostra intercessione sentiamus per\) gearuig
ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte +da +de
wuldrigo +drouras strongo in hiora ondetnise ue ongeton
arf+asto mi+d +dec in usra gi+dingunge ue gifoel+a.
<R 71>
(\V idus kalends iuli nativitas sancte benedicti abbatis\) .
<R 71.1>
(\Intercessio nos domine quesumus beati benedicti abbatis
commend+at ut quod nostris meritis non ualemus eius
patrocinio assequamur per\) +dingunge usig
[{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] eadges benedictes
<P 63>
abbudes gif+astnia +t+atte usum earnungum ue ne magon
fadorlico +dingo ue gifylga.
<R 72>
(\VIII kalends agustus nativitas sancti iacopi apostoli\) .
<R 72.1>
(\Esto domine plebi tu+a sanctificator et custos ut apostoli
tui iacobi munita presidiis et conuersatione tibi
placeat et secura deseruiat per\) uoes +du
[{drihten{] folce +dinum h+algare & haldend +t+atte
[{apostol{] +dines [{iacob{] gif+astnado mi+d fultumum &
ymbuoending gicuoeme & sorgleas gihere.
<R 73>
(\IIII kalends agustus sanctorum felicissime simplici
faustini\) .
<R 73.1>
(\Presta domine quesumus ut sicut populus christianus
martyrum tuorum felicis simplicii faustini et
beatricis temporali solemnitate congaudet ita perfruatur
aeterna et quod uotis celebrat comprehendat effectu per\)
geonn [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte
su+a folc cristin [{+drouara{] +dinra & tidlicum
symbeltide gifeagia su+a [{+derhbruca{] eco & +t+at oestum
mersia+d gigrippa [{fremnisse{] vel tohigung.
<R 74>
(\III kalends agustus sanctorum abdo et sennes\) .
<R 74.1>
(\Deus qui sanctis tuis abdo et senni ad hanc gloriam
ueniendi copiosum munus gratie contulisti da
famulis tuis suorum ueniam peccatorum ut sanctorum tuorum
intercedentibus meritis ab omnibus mereamur aduersitatibus
liberari per dominum\) god +du +de halgum +dinum
& to +dassum wuldre cymmendes [{monigfallic{]
+ding gefes gibrohtest sel +deaum +dinum hiora
[{forgefnisse{] synna +t+atte halga +dinra gi+dingendum
earnung from allum ue giearnia [^TORONTO CORPUS: gicearnia^]
ungimoednisum +t+atte ue sie alesado.
<R 75>
(\Kalends agustus sanctorum machabeorum VII fratrum cum
matre\) .
<R 75.1>
(\Fraterna nos domine martyrum tuorum corona l+atificet qu+e
et fidei nostr+e prebeat incitamenta uirtutum et
multiplici nos suffragio consoletur per dominum\)
bro+derscip usig [{drihten{] +drouara +dinra sigbeg
gigladia +dio & lufes user giselle wacana m+agna &
[{monigfalli{] usig fulltume gifroefre.
<R 76>
(\IIII non agustus sancti stephani episcopi et martyris\) .
<P 64>
<R 76.1>
(\cede propitius ut omnes qui martyrii eius merita ueneramur
intercessionibus eius ab +aternis gehenn+e incendiis
liberemur per\) gilef bli+delice +t+atte allo
+da +de +drounges his earnungo ue wor+dia +dingungum
his from ecelicum [{tintges{] byrnum ue sie alesad.
<R 76.2>
(\Da nobis quesumus omnipotens deus uitiorum nostrorum
flammas extinguere qui beato laurentio tribuisti
tormentorum suorum incendia superare per\) sel us ue
[{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god synna usra lego
gidrysne +du +de eadgum [{laur{] gisaldest pinunga hiora
inbyrno [{ofersui+de{] .
<R 76.3>
(\Deus cuius caritatis ardore beatus laurentius aedaces
incendii flammas contempto persecutore deuicit concede
ut omnes qui martirii eius merita ueneramur
protectionis tuae auxilio muniamur per\) 
god +d+as godes lufu byrne eadig [{lau{] biornendo vel byrno
lego giteledum oehtende [{forcuom{] gilef +t+atte alle
+da +de +drounges his earnunga ue wor+dia scildnisses
+dines fultume ue sie trymmed.
<R 76.4>
(\Da quesumus omnipotens deus vt triumphum beati laurentii
martyris tui quem dispectis ignibus consummauit
in terris perpetua c+alorum luce conspicuum digno
feruore fidei ueneremur per dominum\) sel ue [{bidda+t{]
[{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte sig eadges [{lau{]
[{+drou{] +dines +done mi+d giteldum fyrum giendade on ear+du
ece heafna lehte breht [{wyr+delic{] wallunge lufes ue wor+dia.
<R 77>
(\III idus agusti sancti tiburti martyris\) .
<R 77.1>
(\Beati tiburtii nos domine foueant continuata presidia quia
non desinis propitius intueri quos talibus auxiliis
concesseris adiuuari per\) ea+dges usig
[{drihten{] gihelpa gilomlica fultumo [{for+don{] ne
blinnes +du mildelice +t+at +du gisceauia +da +duslicum
fultumum gilefest +t+atte ue sie holpen.
<R 78>
(\Idus agustu nativitas sancti ypolite\) .
<R 78.1>
(\Da nobis omnipotens deus ut beati ypoliti martyris tui
ueneranda solemnitas et deuotionem nobis
augeat et salutem per\) sel us [{allm+ahtig{] god +t+atte
eadges +droueres
<P 65>
+dines arwyr+de [{symbeltid{] & oest us giece & h+alo.
<R 79>
(\XVIIII kalends septembri sancte eusebi presbiteri\) .
<R 79.1>
(\Deus qui nos beati eusebii confessoris tui annua
solemnitate l+atificas concede propitius ut cuius
natalitia colimus per eius ad te exempla gradiamur per\)
god +du +de usig eadges ondeteres +dines [{gerlic{]
symbeltid +du gigladas gilef mildelice +t+atte
+daes symbelcennise ue bigaa+d +derh his to +de bisinum ue
gistepa.
<R 80>
(\Adsumptio sancta mariae\) .
<R 80.1>
(\In omnibus requiem quesivi et in hereditate domini morabor
tunc precepit et dixit mihi creator omnium et qui
creauit me requieuit in tabernaculo meo in iacob
inhabita et in israhel hereditare et
in electis meis mite radices et sic in sion firmata sum et
in ciuitate sanctificata similiter requieui et in
hierusalem potestas mea\) in allum r+ast ic
gisohte & in erfeueardnise [{drihtnes{] ic [^TORONTO
CORPUS: in^] uniga +da giheht & cuoe+d me sceppend allra 
& se +de gisceop mec eft gireste in use minum in iacob 
giinbua & in [{herusalem{] [{gierfeueard{] in gicorenum 
minum send wyrtrumo & su+a in sion gitrymmed am & in
ceastre gihalgadum gilic ic gireste & in [{hierusalem{]
[{m+aht{] min.
<R 80.2>
(\Eradicaui in populo honorificato et in partes dei mei
hereditas illius et in plenitudine sanctorum detentio mea\)
ic giwyrtrumade in folce arwyr+dum & in
d+alo godes mines erfeuardnise +d+as & on fylnise halga
uara hr+acing min.
<R 80.3>
(\Quasi c+adrus exalta sum in libano et quasi cipresus in
montem sion et quasi palma exalta sum in
cades et quasi plantatio ros+a in hiericho et quasi oliua
speciosa in campis et quasi platanus exalta sum iuxta
aquam in plateis\) suoelce cedrisc wynsum+ando
am on [{liban{] & su+alce more sion & su+alce
[{p+alm{] ahefen am on [{cad{] & suoelce plontung ros+as in
hierich & suoelce oelebeam diorwyr+de on feldum & suoelce
[{platan{] ahefen am neh u+atre in pl+acum.
<R 80.4>
(\Sicut cynamomum et balsamum aromatizans odorem dedi quasi
myrra electa dedi suauitatem odoris\) 
su+a [{cynnam{] & +t+at recilc suotstencende stenc ic gisalde
su+a recilc gicoren ic gisalde suotnise vel
stences.
<P 66>
<R 81>
(\Collecte\) .
<R 81.1>
(\Deus qui virginalem aulam beate mari+a in qua habitares
eligere dignatus es da quesumus ut sua nos defensione
munitos iocundos faciat su+e interesse
festiuitati qui uiuit\) god +du +de [{hehstallic{] hall
eadges mari+e in +don +du giwunedest gicease gimeodumad
ar+d sel ue [{bidda+t{] +t+atte his usig giscildnise
gitrymmedo wynsumo gidoe sinum bituien uosa
[{symbelnisse{] se +de liofa+d.
<R 81.2>
(\Magna est domine aput clementiam tuam dei genetricis
oraatio quam idcirco de presenti seculo transtulisti
ut pro peccatis nostris aput te fiducialiter
intercedat per eum\) micil ist [{drihten{] +at
rummodnise +dinum godes sunucennic gibed +t+at [{for+don{] of
ondueardum uorulde +du [{oferl+adest{] +t+atte [{fore{]
synnum usum mi+d +de ballice gi+dingage.
<R 81.3>
(\Concede misericors deus fragilitati nostr+a presidium ut
qui sanct+e dei genetricis requiem celebramus
intercessionis eius auxilio a nostris iniquitatibus
resurgamus per\) gilef milthearta god tedernise usra
fultumme +t+atte +da +de halges godes
sunucennices rest ue gimersas +dingunges his fultume
from usum unrehtuisnisum eft ue arisa.
<R 81.4>
(\Veneranda nobis domine huius est diei festiuitas in qua
sancta dei genetrix mortem subiit temporalem nec tamen
mortis nexibus deprimi potuit qu+e filium tuum
dominum nostrum de se genuit incarnatum qui tecum\)
arwyrde us [{drihten{] +disses is (}d+ag})
[{symbeltid{] in +don halga godes [{sunucenn{] dea+d
undereade tidlic ne +ac su+a +deah dea+des gicnyccum +t+atte
woere of+dryht m+aht +dio bearn +din [{drihten{] [{user{]
gimercade inlichomung.
<R 81.5>
(\Famulorum tuorum domine delictis ignosce et qui placere de
actibus nostris non ualemus genetricis filii tui
domini nostri intercessione saluemur per eum\)
+degna +dinra [{drihten{] gyltingum [{forgef{]
& +da +de gicuoema of dedum usum ne magon ue [{sunucen{]
bearnes +dines [{drihtnes{] [{us{] +dingunge ue sie gih+aled.
<R 81.6>
(\Subueniat domine plebi tu+e dei genetricis oratio quam etsi
pro conditione carnis migrasse cognouimus in caelesti
gloria aput te pro nobis orare sentiamus per
eundem\) undercyme [{drihten{] folce +dinum godes
[{bearncen{] gibed +t+at & +d+ah [{fore{] giwyrd
lichomes foerde ue ongeton in heofunlicum wuldre
mi+d +dec [{fore{] us gibidde ue gifoela.
<P 67>
<R 81.7>
(\Presta quesumus omnipotens deus ut beat+e mari+a semper
uirginis frequentata sollemnitas et presentis uit+a
nobis conferat remedia et premia concedat aeterna
per\) gearuig ue [{bidda+t{] [{allm+ahtig{] god
+t+atte eadges [{mari{] symle [{hehstald{] gilomlica
symbeltido & [{ondueard{] lifes us gibrenga lecedomas &
meardo [{forgefe{] eco.
<R 82>
(\XVI kalends septembri octauas sancti laurentii\) .
<R 82.1>
(\Iterata festiuitate beati laurentii natalitia ueneramur qu+e
in c+alestibus beatitudine fulgere nouimus sempiterna per\)
giboetadum [{symbelnisse{] eadges
[{lau{] [{symbelcennisse{] ue wor+diga +da +de in
heofnum eadignise giscina we wuton eco.
<R 83>
(\XV kalends septembri sancti agapite martyris\) .
<R 83.1>
(\Laetetur aecclesia tua deus beati agapiti martyris tui
confisa suffragiis atque eius precibus gloriosis et
deuota permaneat et secura consistat per\)
gigladad sie cirica [{+din{] god eadges [{agapi{]
+droures +dines gitriua fultumum & +ac his beadum wuldrigum &
oestigum +derhuunia & sorgleas gistonde.
<R 84>
(\XI kalends Septembri sancti thimothei\) .
<R 84.1>
(\Auxilium tuum nobis domine quesumus placatus inpende et
intercedente beato timotheo martyre tuo
dexteram super nos tu+a propitiationis extende per dominum\)
fultume +din us [{drihten{] ue [{bidda+t{] gicuoemlic
gef & gi+dingende eadgum +droure +dinum sui+dre [{ofer{] usig
+dinre [{milsa{] gir+ac.
<R 85>
(\VIII kalends septembri sancti bartholomei apostoli\) .
<R 85.1>
(\Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui huius diei uenerandam
sanctamque laetitiam beati apostoli tui bartholomei
festiuitate tribuisti da ecclesia tu+a quesumus et
amare quod credidit et predicare quod docuit per dominum\)
[{allm+ahtig{] ece god +du +de +disses (}d+ages})
arwyr+de & [{halig{] gl+adnise eadges [{apost{] +dines
[{symbeltid{] gisaldest sel cirica +dinr+a we [{bidda+t{] &
lufia +t+at gilefde & bodia +t+at gil+arde.
<R 86>
(\IIII kalends septembri passio iohannis babtisti\) .
<R 86.1>
(\Sancti iohannis baptiste et martyris tui domine quesumus
ueneranda festiuitas salutaris auxilii
nobis pr+estet efectum per dominum\) halges [{ioh{] [{b+acer{] 
& +droures +droes [{drihten{]
<P 68>
ue [{bidda+t{] arwyr+de [{symbelnisse{] halwoendes fultumes us
giwnne fremnise.
<R 87>
(\III kalends septembri sanctorum filicis\) .
<R 87.1>
(\Maiestatem tuam domine supplices deprecamur ut sicut nos
iugiter sanctorum tuorum commemoratione
l+atificas ita semper supplicatione defendas per dominum\)
m+agen+drymme +din [{drihten{] boensando ue biddas
+t+atte su+a usig symlinga halga uara +dinra gimynd glada +du
su+a symle boene scild +du.
<R 88>
(\VI idus septembris nativitas sancta mari+a\) .
<R 88.1>
(\O quam pulcra est casta generatio cum claritate
inmortalitas enim in memoria illius quoniam aput
deum nota est et aput homines\) la sui+de feger is hygdig
cneorseo mi+d brehtnise undeadlicnise [{for+don{] in
gimynd +d+as [{for+don{] +at gode cu+d is & mi+d
monnum.
<R 88.2>
(\Ab initio ante saeculum creata sum et usque ad futurum
saeculum non desinam et in habitatione sancta coram
ipso ministraui et sic in sion firmata sum et in
ciuitate sanctificata\) from frym+de +ar
woruld asc+apen am & ui+d toweardum worulde ne blinno ic & in
wununisse halgum [{fora{] +d+am ic gi+degnade & su+a in sion
af+astnad am & in ceastre gihalgado.
<R 88.3>
(\Ego ex ore altissimi prodiui primogenita ante omnem
creaturam ego quasi libanus non cisus laboraui
habitationem meam et quasi balsamum non mixtum odor meus
et quasi terebintus extendi ramos meos
et rami mei honoris et grati+e\) ic of mu+de +d+as heistes
ic vel frumcendo +ar +alcum sc+aft ic su+a [{liban{]
no corfen ic wann wununise min & su+alce +de beteste
recilc unblonden stenc min & suoelce ear+dhifign vel
ic girahte telgo mino & tuiggo vel wor+dunges & [{gefe{] .
<R 89>
(\Item capitula\) .
<R 89.1>
(\Vna est columba mea perfecta mea una est matri su+a electa
genetrici su+a viderunt illam filiae et
beatissimam eam predicauerunt regin+e et concubin+e
laudauerunt eam\) an is culfra mino uisf+asto mino
an is moeder his gicoren gicennice his gisegon hia dohtoro
& eadge hia bodadon cuoeno & cefissa giheredon hia.



<B COAELET3>
<Q O3 IR RELT LWSTAN1>
<N LET WULFSTAN 1>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>



[^TEXT:  AELFRIC'S FIRST AND SECOND 
LETTERS TO WULFSTAN.
DIE HIRTENBRIEFE AELFRICS IN
ALTENGLISCHER UND LATEINISCHER FASSUNG.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, IX.
ED. B. FEHR.
HAMBURG: VERLAG VON HENRI GRAND, 1914. 
PP. 68.12 - 144.2 (IV; LWSTAN1)    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 146.1 - 220.7 (V;  LWSTAN2)

TEXT:  AELFRIC'S LETTER TO SIGEFYRTH.
ANGELSAECHSISCHE HOMILIEN
UND HEILIGENLEBEN.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, III.
ED. B. ASSMANN.
DARMSTADT: WISSENSCHAFTLICHE
BUCHGESELLSCHAFT, 1964 (1889).
PP. 13.13 - 23.225                 (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B1.8.2^]
<P 68>
<R 2>
Us bisceopum gedafena+d, +t+at we +ta boclican lare +te ure
canon us t+ac+d and eac seo Cristes boc, eow
preostum geopenigan on engliscum gereorde; for+ton+te ge ealle
ne cunnon +t+at leden understandan.
<R 3>
And we ne durran forsuwian, +t+at we eow ne secgan +ta
<P 70>
deopan lare and ures drihtenes beboda, +tyl+as+te
we scyldige beon, gif we hit forsuwia+d.
Ac we aweriga+d us.
Wite ge hw+at ge don.
<R 4>
Ic wat to gewissan, +t+at wyle mislycian +teos ure mynguncg
eow for wel manegum.
<R 5>
By+d swa+teah sum swa onbryrd +turh God, +t+at him lyst
gehyran +ta halgan lare and hine sylfne gerihtl+acan to his
sawle +tearfe.
<R 6>
+ta godan wylla+d gehyran Godes bebodu and +ta yfelan nella+d.
Ac hi sceolan swa+teah, +t+at him on sumne s+al huru
gesceamige hyra stuntnyssa, +t+at hi geswycan yfeles.
<R 7>
Ge sceolan eowerne had healdan arwur+dlice and mid godum
+teawum symble geglencgan and mid cl+anum mode Criste +tenigan
+at his halgum weofode, swaswa eowrum hade gerist.
<P 72>
<R 8>
For+tan+te ge synd gesette so+dlice to lareowum ofer Godes
folce, +t+at ge hig Gode gestrynan.
<R 8a>
(\Tria enim sunt tempora huius s+aculi: Ante legem, tempore
patriarcharum sub lege, tempore Christianorum, post Christi
aduentum in carne\) ; +treo tyda synt on +tisse worulde:
An tyd w+as +ar Godes +a, on +t+are heahf+adera tyman;
O+ter under Godes +a, on Moyses tyman; +trydde under Cristes
gyfe, +after Cristes tocyme.
<R 9>
Fram Adame menn wunedon on fl+asclicum lustum, and sume on
h+a+tenscype unsnoterlice gelyfdon and mid
deofles biggencgum higsylfe fordydon and +tone scyppend
forsawon, +te hig gesceop to mannum +turh +t+as
deofles lare, +te Adam forl+arde.
<P 74>
<R 10>
Hw+at +ta se +almihtiga God on Moyses tyman, +t+as m+aran
heretogan, mancynne to steore sette +ta fif bec,
on +tam +te is Godes +a, and Moyses hy awrat and mancynne
forbead, +t+at hi n+anne h+a+tenscype habban ne
mostan, ac sceolde efre wur+tian +tone so+tan God, se+te ana
is +almihtig scyppend.
And seo +a forbead eac swylce synna and eac gewitnode +ta +te
wolice syngodon.
<R 11>
+ta +at nyhstan so+dlice se so+df+asta h+alend, +t+as
+almihtigan Godes sunu, +te ealle +ting gesceop, com on
+tas woruld on so+tre menniscnysse, to +tig +t+at he wolde +ta
synfullan alysan and +ta forlorenan to lyfes wege gebringan.
<R 12>
And astealde cristendom and cl+annysse t+ahte.
+ta cl+annysse he lufa+d on his cl+anum +tenum, +te him
sceolan +teowigan symle on cl+annysse, +t+at is, on munecum
and on mynecynum and on m+assepreostum.
(\Cuius gratie tempus permanet usque ad consummationem
<P 76>
s+aculi\) ; +t+as gyfu tyma wuna+d nu o+t +tyssere worulde
geendunge.
<R 13>
Se ylca Godes sunu geceas him to meder +t+at halige m+aden,
Marian gehaten and he sylf is ordfruma eallre cl+annysse
and he ana wunode on +tyssere worulde butan
+alcere synne swaswa nan o+ter man.
<R 14>
Iohannes se fulluhtere, +te hine gefullade, +turhwunade on
m+ag+dhade on mycelre forh+afednysse.
<R 15>
And Iohannes se godspellere, +t+as h+alendes m+ag, lyfode on
m+ag+dhade o+t his lyfes ende.
<R 16>
(\Quia uirginitas non solum in feminis sed etiam in castis
uiris habetur\) +t+at is, for+tan+te +ta haligan bec us
bysnia+d be +tam, +t+at se haliga m+ag+dhad wuna+d on
+tam mannum +te n+afre wifes ne bruca+d, swaswa
he wuna+d on +tam wifmannum +te n+afre weres ne bruca+d, ac
hi for Godes lufan +ta galnysse forhogia+d.
<R 17>
Eac +ta twelf apostolas +te +tam h+alende folgodan, +ta+ta
<P 78>
he her on worulde wunode mid mannum, and +ta twa and
hundseofontig wera, +te wunedon mid him on his lareowdome,
+ta synd leorningccnihtas, ealle hi forletan heora +ahta
and wif and wunedon on cl+annysse, Criste folgigende.
<R 18>
Swaswa Petrus cw+a+d to Criste sylfum: (\Ecce nos reliquimus
omnia et secuti sumus te\) ; +t+at is on englisc: Efne we
forleton ealle ure woruld+ting and we +te folgia+d.
<R 19>
Ge sceolan witan, gif ge wisdom lufia+d, hw+at sy betwux +tam
twam gecy+dnyssum, +t+are ealdan +a, +ar Cristes tocyme,
and +t+are niwan gecy+dnysse, under Cristes gife;
for+ton+te men moston +ar Moyses +a mislice
libban, and under Moyses +a mancyn lifode on o+tre wisan.
On o+tre we sceolan don be ures drihtnes lare.
<R 20>
Swaswa he sylf cw+a+d on his haligan godspelle: (\Lex et
prophet+a usque ad Iohannem\) ;
<P 80>
(\A diebus autem Iohannis
baptist+e usque nunc regnum celorum uim patitur et
uiolenti rapiunt illud\) , +t+at is on englisc: Seo ealde +a
w+as and witigan w+aron on +tissere worulde o+t +t+at
Iohannes com, +te Crist gefullade, and fram his dagum
heofenarice +tola+d mycele neadunge and +ta
strecanmod mid hyra strecnysse hit gegripa+d.
<R 21>
+ta ealdan men leofodon on hyra lustum swi+de, +ar Cristes
tocyme.
<R 22>
Ac he cw+a+d, +t+at we sceoldan mid strecum mode sti+dlicor
libban and winnan wi+d leahtras and unlustas
forseon, +t+at we heofena rice habban motan.
<R 23>
He cwa+d be +tam martyrum, +te he wiste towearde +after his
+trowunge for his geleafan: Ne ondr+ade ge eow +ta +te
ofslea+d eowerne lichaman, for+tan+te hi +ta sawle
ofslean ne magan.
<R 24>
Ac ondr+ada+d +tone +te +ta sawle [{m+ag{] and eac +tone
lichaman on helle besencan.
<R 25>
+turh +tas myngunge and manegum o+trum wordum wur+tan
gemartyrode manega
<P 82>
+tusenda wide into +tas woruld,
+ag+der ge weras ge wifmen for Cristes geleafan mid +anum mode
and hi swa mid strecnysse astigan to heofonum.
<R 26>
Eft cw+a+d se h+alend be his haligum anddetterum, +ta +te
hata+d (\confessores\) on haligum bocum: (\Sint lumbi uestri
precincti Et lucerne ardentes in manibus uestris\) ;
Beon eower lendena ymbgyrde and leohtfatu byrnende on eowrum
handum.
<R 28>
On +tam lendenum is, swaswa we leorniga+d on bocum, seo fule
galnys and we sceolan f+astlice +ta gewri+tan and gewyldan us
to cl+annysse.
<R 29>
And habban us on handum halige weorc, symle on +almes d+adum
and on eallum godnyssum, mannum to bysene, swaswa byrnende
leohtfatu.
<R 30>
Johannes se godspellere on his gastlican gesyh+te +tone
<P 84>
h+alend geseah, sy+t+tan he to heofenum astah, mid alban
his breost w+as gegyrd.
<R 31>
He het us begyrdan ure lendena, swa +t+at we forseon +ta
fulan galnysse, and he sylf w+as begyrd mid gyldenum gyrdle
+at his haligan breoste, for+tan+te we habban sceolan ures
modes cl+annysse on ure heortan symble, we +te Criste
+teniga+d on his haligan +teowdome.
<R 32>
Eft Daniel se witega, awrat on his witegunge +a, +t+at he God
gesawe on his gastlican gesyh+te and he w+as lineweard and
his lendena ymbgyrde.
<R 33>
And Iohannes geseah, swaswa we s+adon +ar, +tone h+alend
ymbgyrdne +at his haligan breoste.
<R 34>
Nu is us geswutelad so+dlice mid +tam, ge on +t+are ealdan +a,
ge eac on +t+are niwan, +t+at God wile habban
on his gastlican +teowdome halige +tenas
<P 86>
and halige +tinena, +ta+te mid cl+annysse lichaman
and modes +t+at halige husel him geoffrian,
swaswa he sylf get+ahte +ar his +trowunge.
<R 35>
+tyses w+aron gemyndige +ta m+aran andetteras, +te we hata+d
(\confessores\) , and +ta haligan m+adenu, +te on cl+annysse
lyfedon hyra lif +afre and Criste +tenedan +after +t+ara
cwellera ehtnyssa, +te +ta martyras ofslogan, swaswa we s+adon
+ar.
<R 36>
+after +t+as h+alendes +trowunge and his upstige to heofenum
com se haliga gast of heofenum to eor+tan swaswa byrnende fyr
mid bradum liggette ofer Cristes apostolos, swaswa Crist him
+ar behet and hig ealle gefylde butan frecednysse, swa +t+at
hi ealle cu+ton eallre +teoda gereord.
<R 37>
And hi ealle +ta lare, +te we leornia+d on bocum, awriton and
gesetton be Godes wissunge.
<R 38>
Hi worhton eac swylce fela wundra +turh Crist, +ta ylcan
wundra, +te he sylf +ar worhte.
<P 88>
<R 39>
+ta bodade Petrus on +t+are byrig Hierusalem +tam iudeiscum
folce and +ta gebugon to fulluhte of +tam folce +treo +tusend
manna on anum d+age and eft gebugon +at o+tre bodunge fif
+tusend manna.
<R 40>
Swa mycclum onbryrde, +t+at hi hyra +ahta ealle beceapedon
and +t+at wur+d brohton to +t+ara apostola fotan, and hyra nan
n+afde naht synderlices, ac didan him gem+ane,
+alcon be his neode.
<R 41>
And Iacob, se rihtwisa, bewyste hi ealle and heold Cristes
setl +trittig geara swa.
<R 42>
Her w+as asteald +turh +tisne haligan heap +t+ara muneca lif,
+te libba+d +after regule under hyra abbode;
ealle hyra +tingc him do+d gem+ane, swaswa him diht se abbod.
<R 43>
+ta toferdon +ta apostolos to fyrlynum landum, geond ealle
+tas woruld, wundra wyrcende and bodigende geleafan,
and +ta gelyfeda gefulledon and cyrcean ar+ardon
<P 90>
and gesetton bisceopas and m+assepreostas gehadedon and manega
Godes +teowan on +tam seofon hadum, swaswa us seg+d se canon.
<R 44>
And Godes geleafa weox and wanode se h+a+tenscype.
<R 45>
Hw+at +ta +after fyrste asprang f+arlice orm+ate ehtnys ofer
+ta cristenan and man hi gemartirode mid m+anigfealdum witum,
and +alcne acwealde +te on Crist gelyfde.
<R 46>
Ac God geworhte +afre wundra +turh hig, swa +t+at +ta
h+a+tenan on +tone h+alend gelyfdon, oft an +tusend manna,
+t+ar man +anne ofsloh, +turh +ta myccla tacna, +te se
martyr gefremode, and se cristendom ne mihte beon acwenced
n+afre and God +ta sy+t+tan sealde sybbe on
fyrste on his gela+tunge, and se geleafa weox.
<R 47>
+ta feng se casere Constantinus to rice on Romana byrig and he
rices geweold ofer
<P 92>
eallne middaneard, swa +t+at him ealle men abugon.
He w+as se forma casere +te on Crist gelyfde, sancte Elenan
sunu, +t+are eadigan cwene.
<R 48>
Se het gegaderigan bisceopa syna+d.
<R 49>
Wolde gehiran +ta haligan lare and +tone so+tan geleafan be
+tam so+df+astan Gode, +te he ongelyfde, aworpenum
h+a+tenscype.
<R 50>
+ta coman +t+ar tog+adere on Nycea byrig +treo hund bisceopa
and (\XVIII\) bisceopas.
<R 51>
And se casere com him +t+ar togeanes and mid eallre
arwur+dnysse hy gewylcumode and him eallon gedon het biglyfan
genohne and hyra lare hliste mid geleaffullan mode.
<R 52>
+t+ar w+aron +ta manega, +te mihtan wyrcean wundra +turh God.
<R 53>
And hig wunedon +t+ar lange.
<R 54>
+t+ar w+as eac sum arleas preost, Arrianus gehaten, of
Alexandrigan byrig, ablend on his mode, se m+asta gedwola
+te of mancynne come.
<R 55>
Se wolde gelytlian +tone lyfigendan h+alend and s+ade, +t+at
<P 94>
he n+are on godcundnysse his f+ader gelic,
ac w+are l+assa on mihte.
<R 56>
+ta amansumedon +ta bisceopas +tone manfullan gedwolan.
<R 57>
Ac he nolde geswycan swa+teah his gedwyldes, +ar+tam+te him
wand ut his inno+d +at his setle, +ta+ta he to
gange eode.
<R 58>
And he geendode swa +amtig on his inno+te, swa he on his
geleafan w+as.
<R 59>
O+ter sino+d w+as eft, +t+at w+as o+ter healf hund bisceopa,
on +teodosiges tyman, +t+as, +a+telan caseres, and
hy +t+ar fordemdon +tone dweligendan bisceop, Macedomum
gehaten, and hine amansumedon, for+ton+te he wi+dsoc and s+ade
on his gedwylde, +t+at se haliga gast n+are on anre
godcundnysse mid +tam heofenlican f+ader and +tam h+alende
Criste, and hi get+ahtan +ta swutelice, +t+at he so+d God is,
on anre godcundnysse mid +tam +almihtigan f+ader and his
acennedan sunu, +afre wunigende.
<R 60>
Se +tridda sino+d w+as eft, +t+at w+as twa hund bisceopa,
under +tam gingran +teodosige,
<P 96>
and hi fordemdon +t+ar Nestorium, +tone gedwolan,
+te dyrstelice cw+a+d, +t+at on Criste w+aron twegen hadas,
and hi his gedwyld adw+ascton +t+ar midealle,
for+tan+te se h+alend is so+dlice an Crist,
on anum hade +afre wunigende. Se feor+ta sino+d w+as eft,
+t+at w+as syx hund bisceopa and +trittig sacerda on Martianus
tyman, +t+as m+aran caseres, se fordemde +tone deoflican abbod,
+te cw+a+d on his gedwylde, +t+at ures drihtenes lichama and
his godcundnes w+are anes gecyndes.
<R 61>
+ta wear+d he amansumod fram +tam mycclan sino+te, for+dan+te
se h+alend is, swaswa ge gehyrdan oft, so+d man and so+d God,
symle wunigende.
<R 62>
Sy+d+dan w+aron for oft o+tre sino+tas wisra bisceopa, ac +tas
w+aron +ta fyrmestan, +te mid fulre lare +tone
geleafan getrymedon and +ta gedwolan amansumedon, +te mid
hyra gedwylde woldon awendan woh to rihte
and adweligan mancyn fram hyra drihtne.
<R 63>
+tas feower sino+tas gesettan eac ealle +ta +tenunga to Godes
+teowdome, to m+assan
<P 98>
and to uhtsange and to eallum tydsangum.
[^LATIN OMITTED^]
<R 69>
Seofan tidsangas hi gesettan us to singanne d+aghwamlice urum
drihtne to lofe.
<R 70>
Swaswa se witega Dauid on his witegunge cw+a+d: Seofan sy+tan,
drihten, ic s+ade +te lof on anum d+age for +tinra doma
rihtwisnyssa.
<R 72>
Se forma tydsang is: Uhtsang mid +tam +aftersange,
<P 100>
+tonne primsang and Undernsang, Midd+agsang, Nonsang,
+afensang, Nihtsang.
<R 73>
+tas seofon tidsangas ge sceolon syngan mid mycelre gymenne
eowrum drihtene to lofe, d+aghwamlice on
cyricean; and eac swylce m+assian.
<R 75>
Mycel bi+d, +t+at man mote m+assian +ane to anum d+age,
+teah+te he hit oftor ne do, for+dan+te ure drihten +ane
+trowade and us ealle alysde.
<R 76>
Nu is seo m+asse gemynd his m+aran +trowunge and mycclum m+ag
fremigan eallum mancynne, +ag+der ge libbendum ge +tam
for+dfarenum; swaswa we leorniga+d on bocum.
<R 77>
Man sceal m+assian mid mycelre cl+annysse.
<R 78>
Swaswa +ta haligan dydan, +te we hata+d (\confessores\) .
<R 79>
Sume hy w+aran wunigende +afre butan wife, sume hy forleton
+t+at unalyfede +ting.
<R 80>
And mid cl+annysse Criste +tenedon.
<P 102>
<R 81>
Swaswa +ta canones us cy+ta+d openlice: (\Quod nullus
episcopus aut presbiter aut diaconus aut regularis canonicus
habeat in domo sua mulierem manentem, nisi sit mater ei aut
soror aut amita aut matertera, ex quibus nulla mala suspicio
nascatur, et si quis aliter facit, degradetur\) ;
+t+at is on englisc, +t+at nan bisceop ne nan m+assepreost,
diacon o+t+te mynsterpreost n+abbe on his wununge ne on his
huse wunigende +anigne wifman, butan hit syg his modor o+t+te
his swustor, fa+tu o+t+te moddrige of +t+am +te ne mage nan
unhlysa aspringan, and gif he elles do, +tolige his hades.
<R 83>
+tis eow +ting+d hefelyc, for+tan+te ge habba+d on gewunan
eowre yrm+te, swa +t+at eow sylfum +ting+d, +t+at eow
nan syn ne sy, +t+at ge swa libban swaswa l+awede men.
<R 84>
Ge secga+d for oft, +t+at Petrus, se apostol, h+afde wif and
cild; and we eac secga+d, +t+at he swa h+afde
and sume +ta o+tre, +te +tam h+alende folgodan, h+afde wif and
cild +ar hyra gecyrrednysse; ac hi geswycon
<P 104>
+t+as, sy+t+tan hi coman to Cristes lareowdome, and hyra
+ahta forleton and ealle woruld+ting.
<R 85>
We ne magan eow neadian, ac we myngia+d eow, +t+at ge
cl+annysse healdan, swaswa Cristes +tegenas on godum
ge+ting+dum, Gode to cwemnysse, swaswa +ta haligan dydon,
+te we her beforan r+addon, +te eall hyra lif lyfedon on
cl+annysse.
<R 86>
Be swylcum witegode se witega Isaisas, +tus cwe+tende: 
<R 87>
(\Fratres, corde simplici audite uerba domini.\) 
<R 88>
(\Ego nunc his, qui custodierint sabbata mea et elegerint 
que ego uolui, et tenuerint foedus meum, dabo eis in 
domo mea et in muris meis locum et nomen melius a filiis 
et a filiabus\) ;
(\Nomen sempiternum dabo eis quod non peribit\) ;
God so+dlice gecw+a+d, swaswa us s+ade
se witega: Ic forgife +tam cl+anum, +te gecuran minne wyllan
and min wed healda+d and mine restendagas, +ta beteran wununge
on minum weallum; And on minum huse hi habba+d wununge, and
hyra nama bi+d toforan o+trum bearnum; Ecne naman ic him
forgife.
<R 89>
Be +tisum ylcan cw+a+d Crist on his godspelle: (\Sunt eunuchi
qui se castrauerunt propter regnum c+elorum\) ;
<P 106>
+t+at is: Ne mot nan man aceorfan his gesceapu him fram;
se man +te hit de+d, he bi+d amansumod.
<R 91>
Ac Crist cw+a+d swa+teah, swaswa her cwy+d on leden, +t+at
synd sume men, ge wel manega syndon, +te for heofenarice
hisylfe gecl+ansia+d fram fulre galnysse and beo+d
gastlice geh+alede.
<R 92>
Hi habba+d hira lima and libba+d on cl+annysse.
Hi ne beo+d na forcorfene, ac Gode gecorene.
<R 93>
+t+at synd w+apmen and wifmen, +te wunia+d on cl+annysse.
<R 94>
And hi sylfe offria+d eall Gode on s+agdnysse, ge on sawle ge
on lichama.
And hi sceolon habban +ta selran wununge binnan Godes weallum
and +tone ecean naman on his huse mid him.
<R 96>
Ne +turfan we us ondr+adan +ta deoflican costnunga.
Ne magon hig us derian, gif hi us ne licya+d.
<R 97>
Swa mycel bi+d seo synn, +te man sylfwilles de+d, swa mycel
yfel hit bi+d.
<R 98>
+t+at us [{ne{] m+ag derigan, gif us hw+at un+tances of +tam
deofle becym+d [^TORONTO CORPUS: be cym+d^] +turh his 
[^TORONTO CORPUS: nis^] searo
cr+aftas, slapende o+t+te w+accende.
<R 99>
Seofan hadas syndan gesette on bocum to Godes +tenungum into
Godes ciricean.
<P 108>
<R 100>
An is (\hostiarius\) , o+ter is (\lector\) , +tridda
(\Exorcista\) , feor+ta (\acolitus\) , fifta (\subdiaconus\) ,
sixta (\diaconus\) , se seofo+ta (\presbyter siue episcopus\) .
<R 101>
(\Hostiarius\) is dureweard, se+te cyricean c+agan healt.
<R 102>
(\Lector\) is r+adere, se+te r+at on cyricean.
<R 103>
(\Exorcista\) is halsiend, se+te r+at ofer +ta witseocan men
and ofer +ta untruman.
<R 104>
(\Acolitus\) is se+te tapor byr+d +at Godes +tenungum.
<R 105>
(\Subdiaconus\) is underdiacon, se+te +tone calic and +tone
disc byr+d to +t+are m+assan and +tena+d +tam diacone.
<R 106>
(\Diaconus\) is gecweden [{+tegn{] se +tena+d +t+am
m+assepreoste o+t+te +t+am bisceope +at +t+are m+assan and
godspel r+at; He mot hlaf syllan and cild fullian.
<R 108>
Gif m+assepreost bi+d butan diacone, he h+af+d +tone naman
and he n+af+d +ta +tenunge.
<R 109>
(\Presbyter\) is grecisc nama, +t+at is on leden (\senior\)
and on englisc ealdwita.
<P 110>
<R 110>
Na +t+at hi ealle ealde beon magon, +te to m+assepreoste
gehadode synd, ac for +tam wur+dscype and +t+am wisdome,
+te hi habban scylan, hi synd swa gehatene.
<R 111>
begen synd on anum hade, se bisceop and se m+assepreost, on
+t+am seofo+tan hade.
<R 112>
Swaswa us secga+d bec.
<R 113>
Begen hi m+assia+d and mannum bodia+d.
<R 114>
And nis nan had geteald to +t+are haligan +tenunge butan +ta
seofon hadas +te we fore secga+d.
<R 115>
Se bisceop is geset to maran bletsunge: cyricean to halgienne
and to hadigenne preostas, men to bisceopigenne for+tan hit
w+are to m+anigfeald, gif ealle m+assepreostas +tis don mostan.
<P 112>
<R 116>
Ac him gedafena+d, +t+at hi hyra bisceope beon under+teodde
and be his wissunge and wisdome libban, and
he hi ofersceawige, swaswa his nama is gecweden, +t+at is
ofersceawiend on englisc, swa +t+at he ofersceawige symle his
under+teoddan and hi gerihtl+acean to rihtum +teawum +afre.
<R 117>
Munuchad and mynecena, abbodas and abbedessan ne synd na
getealde to +tyssum seofon hadum.
<R 118>
For+ton+te he mot m+assian, +teah+te he munuc ne sy, and munuc
ne mot m+assian, butan he m+assepreost sy.
<R 119>
Se forma bisceop w+as, +te God sylf gesette on +t+are ealdan
+a, Aaron gehaten, Moyses bro+tor, +t+as m+aran heretogan.
<R 120>
Ac he ne m+assade n+afre.
<R 121>
For+tan+te m+asse n+as gyt geset, +ar+tan+te Crist sylf on
+t+are niwan gecy+dnysse gehalgode
<P 114>
husel and het us eac swa don on his gemynde.
<R 122>
Nu w+as seo m+asse asteald +turh urne h+alend Crist.
<R 123>
And se haliga Petrus gesette +tone Canon, +te we (\te igitur\)
cwe+ta+d.
<R 124>
Ac se Aaron sceolde and +ta ealdan bisceopas geoffrian Gode on
+ta ealdan wisan fearras and rammas and buccan and lambru and
gehwylcu nytenu.
<R 125>
Swaswa nan man ne moste on +tissum dagon don.
<R 126>
For+tan+te +ta offrunga ealle getacnedan ures h+alendes slege,
+te w+as ofslagen for us and on rode gef+astnode for ure
alysednysse.
<R 127>
And he swa geendode +ta ealdan gecy+dnysse.
<R 128>
+ta moste se Aaron and his [{+aftergengan{] niman him to
gemacan, +after Moyses +a an cl+ane m+aden.
<R 129>
For+tan+te nan ne moste of o+trum cynne becuman to +t+am hade,
+t+at he bisceop w+are, butan of Aarones cynne.
<P 116>
<R 130>
Hi ne mostan na wifian on nanre wudewan ne on forl+atenan wife
be Godes leafe +ta, ac on cl+anum m+adene.
<R 131>
And hyra cl+annysse healdan, swa oft swa hi offredon +ta
+alican ons+agdnysse.
<R 132>
Hy moston +ta wel wif habban, +t+at ne wurde ateorad +t+at
m+are bisceopcyn +te com of Aarone.
<R 133>
For+tan+te nan cyn ne moste becuman to +tam hade butan +t+at
an cyn, +te com of Aarone.
<R 134>
And hit stod +afre swa on +t+are ealdan +a.
<R 135>
Nu is seo ealde +a geendod +after Cristes tocyme.
<R 136>
And men ne ceosa+d nu on +tissere nywan gecy+dnysse of nanum
bisceopcynne o+terne bisceop, ac of +alcum
cynne, +t+ar +t+ar he cl+ane bi+d and on +teawum ge+togen to
Godes +tenungum.
<R 137>
Ge of munuchade ge of preosthade.
<P 118>
<R 138>
Munuc w+as Martinus and m+are bisceop.
Munuc w+as Gregorius and m+are bisceop and munuc w+as
Cuthberhtus and m+are bisceop and manega o+tre of
munuchade bisceopas w+aron, swaswa we on bocum r+ada+d.
<R 139>
And of preosthade on cl+annysse libbende manega w+aron m+are
bisceopas and m+assepreostas, on mycelre drohtnunge, swy+te
halige weras, +te we hata+d (\confessores\) .
<R 140>
Ac ge wylla+d beon, +t+as +te we wena+d, of +tam yfelan heape
gehadedra manna, be +tam +te se h+alend cw+a+d
on his haligan godspelle.
<R 141>
He cw+a+d: (\Multi dicunt mihi in illo die, hoc est in die
iudicii: DOMINE, DOMINE ET RELIQUA\) ; Manega cwe+ta+d to me on
+tam d+age: drihten, drihten leof, on urum life we worhtan
manega tacna on +tinum m+aran naman and we eac witegodan
+te to wur+tmynte.
<R 142>
+tonne cwe+de ic him anto: Ne cann ic eow to so+tan.
Gewita+d fram me, ge unrihtwise 
<P 120>
wyrhtan, +t+ar+t+ar bi+d wop and to+ta gristbitung.
<R 143>
Se+te cild gefulla+d, se aflige+d deoflu and he wyrc+d wundra;
and se witega+d, se+te +tam folce seg+d hyra sawle +tearfe;
ac m+anig bi+d swa+teah swa mycelre +tenunge swy+te unwyr+de,
+tonne he sylf bi+d uncl+ane, and se gehyr+d +at Criste +tone
heardan dom, swaswa her seg+d on +tyssum sceortum cwyde.
<R 144>
Crist wat ealle +ting, ac he ne oncn+aw+d swa+teah +ta
uncl+anan +tegnas, +te ne gecwemdon him.
Ne hi naht nabba+d +t+as +te him gelicige, ne hi swa fule ne
motan into his f+ageran healle, ac beo+d utan belocene,
to +tam ecum witum.
<R 145>
Ne m+ag se yfela preost mid his yfelnysse, +teah he manslaga
sy and manful on d+adum, Godes +tenunge befylan, ne +t+at
fulluht ne +ta m+assan.
<P 122>
<R 146>
Nu ge habba+d gehyred be gehadedum mannum, ge on +t+are ealdan
+a ge on +t+are niwan gecy+dnysse.
<R 147>
Nu m+ag ea+te getimian, +t+at eower sum ahsige, hwi he ne mote
wif habban swaswa Aaron h+afde.
<R 148>
+tonne secge we eow, +t+at seo ealde +a w+as +ar Cristes
tocyme eall getacniendlic.
<R 149>
And hi +ta wif h+afdon, for+ton+te hi w+aron fl+asclice and hi
n+afre ne m+assedon and mihton +ta swa don.
<R 150>
Nu is seo ealde +a eall awend on o+ter to gastlican +tingum,
and Godes +tenas sceolon healdan hyra cl+annysse, swaswa Crist
hit astealde.
<R 151>
And se+te nu hilt +ta ealdan +a +after Cristes tocyme on +ta
ealdan wisan, he bi+d amansumod, Canones us t+aca+d.
<P 124>
<R 152>
Canones sind gecwedene rihte regulas, +te us gerihtl+aca+d.
<R 153>
+t+at se+te wuduwan genim+d o+t+te forl+aten wif, +t+at he
n+afre sy+t+tan ne beo diacon o+t+te m+assepreost.
<R 154>
And se+te forliger gefremme, +tolige his hades.
<R 155>
We ne durran forsuwian, +t+at we ne secgan eow +ta haligan
gesetnysse, +te ge healdan sculan.
We beo+d unscyldige, gif we hit secga+d eow.
Wite ge hw+a+ter ge wyllan eow gerihtl+acean.
<R 156>
Se l+aweda man mot o+tre si+te wifian, and geong wuduwe mot
eft ceorlian ac nan
<P 126>
ne mot swa+teah syllan him bletsunge, buton heo m+aden sy,
ac hy ma sceolan d+adbote gedon for hyra ungehealtsumnysse.
<R 157>
Ge sceolan beon gebocade, swaswa eower hade gebyra+d.
M+assepreost sceal habban m+asseboc and pistelboc, and sangboc
and r+adingboc and saltere and handboc,
and penitentialem and gerim.
<R 158>
And +ta beon wel gerihte.
<R 159>
And cl+ane m+assereaf to Cristes +tenungum.
<R 160>
And sceolon singan sunnauhtan and m+asseuhtan +afre nigan
repsas +afre mid nigon r+adingon.
<R 161>
Beo his calic geworht of ecum antimbre, gylden o+t+te sylfren,
gl+asen o+t+te tinen.
<R 162>
Ne beo he na hyrnen ne huru treowen.
<R 163>
Ne man ne m+assige mid nanum o+trum f+ate butan mid
<P 128>
+t+am calice, +te Criste sig gehalgod.
<R 164>
And his weofod beo cl+ane and wel gescryd +afre, na mid musa
tyrdlum ne mid meoxe befiled.
<R 165>
Hwi scyle ge waccran beon +tonne woruldcr+aftan on eowrum
gastlicum +teowdome to Godes +tenungum, +t+at
ge n+abban +ta w+apnu to +tam gastlicum gewinne +t+at syndon
+ta +ting, +te we nu eow s+adon.
<R 166>
Se smi+d him begyt slecge and anfylte and tangan and bylias
and gehwylce tol.
<R 167>
Se trywwyrhta eac +ahxe and nafegar and ealle +ta tol, +te to
trywe gebyria+d.
<R 168>
Se fiscere and se hunta foresceawia+d him mid net.
<R 169>
And ealle woruldcr+aftige men wyrca+d hira tol.
<R 170>
And se eor+dlingc ne erat, butan ne erigan cunne.
<R 171>
Warnia+d eow nu, ic bidde, +t+at ge beon beteran on eowrum
gastlicum cr+afte to Cristes +tenungum, swaswa
eow gebyra+d +t+at ge beon scylan, +tonne
<P 130>
+ta woruldmen syndon on hyra woruldcr+aftum.
<R 172>
Lange sceal leornian se+te l+aran sceal; gif he nele leornian,
+t+at he lareow beo, he sceal beon ealdor eft sy+t+tan
gedwyldes.
<R 173>
Swaswa Crist sylf cw+a+d on sumum his godspelle: (\C+acus si
ceco ducatum prestat, ambo in foueam cadent\) ; Gif se blinda
man bi+d +t+as blindan lad+teow, +tonne befealla+d
hi begen on sumne pytt gewiss.
<R 174>
Blind bi+d se lareow, +te l+aran sceal folc, gif he l+aran ne
cann, ne he leornian nele, ac misl+at his
hyrimen and hine sylfne for+dmid.
<R 175>
Se m+assepreost sceal mannum bodian +tone so+tan geleafan and
hym larspel secgan.
<R 176>
And +ta seocan geneosian.
<R 177>
And cild fullian, swa ra+te swa man ra+tost m+age hi geradian
to fulluhte.
<R 178>
Gif se seoca man gyrna+d, +t+at man hine smyrige, he do +tonne
anddetnysse +ar +t+are smyrunge.
<P 132>
<R 179>
And gif he eft gewyrp+d +after +t+are smyrunge, he mot wifes
brucan and fl+asces, gif he wile.
<R 180>
On +t+are smyrunge bi+d synna forgifennys, him to beterunge,
and ne bi+d na hadung.
<R 181>
And gif he eft seoc bi+d, hine man eft smyrige.
<R 182>
Sume preostas f+agnie+d, +tonne men for+dfara+d and
gegaderia+d hy to +tam lice, swaswa gr+adige hremmas,
+t+ar+t+ar hy hold geseo+d, on holte o+t+te on felda.
<R 183>
Ac hym gebyra+d to bestandenne +ta men, +te gehyra+d to his
hyrnysse into his mynstre.
<R 184>
And he ne sceal na faran on o+tres folgo+te to nanum lice,
butan he gela+tod sy.
<P 134>
<R 185>
Ne mot nan preost beon mangere o+t+te gerefa.
<R 186>
Ne drincan +at wynhuse, ne druncengeorn beon.
<R 187>
Ne modig, ne gylpende, ne on his gyrlum ranc, ne mid golde
geglenged ac mid godum +teawum.
<R 188>
Ne he sacful ne beo.
Ne he ceaste ne astyrige.
Ac he sceal +ta sacfullan gesibbian, gif he m+ag.
<R 189>
Ne mot he w+apnu werian ne to gefeohte faran.
For+ton+te se canon us segd: gif he ofslagen bi+d on folces
gefeohte o+t+te for sumere ceaste, +t+at man nateshwon ne mot
him m+assian fore ne him fore gebiddan, ac bebyrian swa+teah.
<P 136>
<R 190>
Nu secga+d sume preostas, +t+at Petrus h+afde sweord, +ta+ta
he of asloh +t+as forscyldigan eare, +t+as iudeiscan +teowan,
swaswa we r+ada+d be +tam.
<R 191>
Ac we secga+d to so+tan, +t+at se so+df+asta h+alend, ne +ta
+te him folgodon, ne ferdon gew+apnode, ne mid nanum wige.
<R 192>
Swaswa hit awriten is be him, +t+at he ferde geond land,
geleafan t+acende, god wyrcende and +ta witseocan geh+alde
and ealle untrumnysse and adla geh+alde
<R 193>
He ne flat, ne ne hrymde, ne mid hre+dnysse ne ferde, ac w+as
gebroht to slege swaswa unsc+a+t+tig lamb.
<R 194>
+t+ar com +teah f+arlice, swaswa hit gecweden is: (\domine;
ecce gladii duo hic\) ; Drihten leof, her syndon
twa sweord.
<P 138>
<R 196>
Gif +t+ar +ar w+aron, ne cw+adon hi na swa.
<R 197>
And gif Petrus moste +tone man fulslean, +tonne ne hete Crist
hine behydan +ta sweord.
<R 198>
He cw+a+d: Do +t+at sweord into +t+are sc+a+te.
<R 199>
He nolde geyfelian +tam arleasan menn, ac he hine sona
geh+alde on besettum eare.
<R 200>
Se ylca Petrus eft, +te +t+at eare of asloh, wear+d ahangen on
rode for +t+as h+alendes geleafan, and he ongean ne wan, na+ter
ne mid worde ne mid d+ade.
<P 140>
<R 201>
We ne moton beon ymbe mannes dea+d.
+teah+te he manslaga beo o+t+te mor+d gefremede o+t+te mycel
+teofman, swa+teah we ne scylan him dea+d get+acean.
Na we ne motan deman ymbe +t+at.
Ac t+acean +ta l+awedan men him lif o+t+te dea+d, +t+at we ne
forleasan +ta li+tan unsc+a+t+tignysse.
<R 202>
We [{ne{] fur+ton ne moton +anne fugel acwellan.
<R 203>
Na we ne motan huntian ne hafecaras beon.
<P 142>
<R 204>
Ac we motan fixian and swa us fodan begytan.
<R 205>
For+tan+te nan hunta n+as n+afre halig, ac fisceras w+aron,
swaswa Petrus w+as and his bro+tor Andreas and o+tra gehwylce.
<R 206>
Ne mot nan m+assepreost werian munucscrud on symbel, buton he
+tone had sylf habban wylle.
Na he ne mot beon mid l+awedum scrude gescryd.
Ne wer mid wifscrude, ne wif mid weres scrude.
Gif hit hwa +tonne de+d, he bi+d amansumod.
<R 207>
Ne sceal nan preost his cyricean forl+atan, +te he to gehadod
bi+d and to o+tere faran, buton his bisceop lyfe for sumon
gesceade.
<R 208>
Na he ne mot habban twa mynstre +atg+adere, for+tan+te he ne
m+ag gefyllan +tone fullan +teowdom on +ag+drum
stede on an tog+adere.
<R 209>
Ne nan uncu+d preost, +te cym+d of o+tre scyre, ne mot m+assan
syngan ne mynster underfon butan +t+as bisceopes leafe, +te on
+t+are scyre bi+d.
<R 210>
And se bisceop gewite, +t+at he +t+as wyr+te sy, +til+as+te he
fare mid +anigum facne.
<R 211>
We bidda+d eow preostas: beo+d +tyses gemyndig, +t+as +te ge
nu gehyrdon.
<P 144>
<R 212>
+t+at ge habban +ta mede, +te ure h+alend behet +tam, +te him
+tenia+d.
[^LATIN OMITTED^]

<Q O3 IR RELT LWSTAN2>
<N LET WULFSTAN 2>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B1.8.3^]
<P 146>
<R 1>
Eala ge m+assepreostas, mine gebro+tra.
We secga+d eow nu +t+at we +ar ne s+adon.
<R 2>
For+ton+te we tod+ag sceolan d+alan urne ele, on +treo wisan
gehalgodne, swaswa us gewissa+d seo boc: (\Id est oleum sanctum
et oleum crismatis et oleum infirmorum\) ; +t+at is on englisc:
halig ele, o+ter is crisma and seoccra manna ele.
<R 3>
And ge sceolon habban +treo ampullan gearuwe to +tam +trym
elum.
<R 4>
For+tan+te we ne durran don hi tog+adere on anum elefate,
[{for+tan+de{] hyra +alc
<P 148>
bi+d gehalgod on sundron to synderlicre +tenunge.
<R 5>
Mid +tam haligan ele ge scylan +ta h+a+tenan cild mearcian on
+tam breoste and betwux +t+am [{ge{] sculdru on
middeweardan mid rode tacne, +ar+tan+te ge hit fullian on
+tam fantw+atere.
<R 6>
And +tonne hit of +t+am w+atere cym+d, ge scylan wyrcan rode
tacen upp on +t+am heafde mid +tam haligan crisman.
<R 7>
On +tam haligan fante, +ar+tan+te ge hy fullian, ge scylon don
crisman on Cristes rode tacne.
<R 8>
And man ne mot besprengan men mid +t+am fantw+atere, sy+t+tan
se crisma bi+d +t+aron gedon.
<R 9>
Mid seoccra manna ele ge scylan smyrian +ta seocan, swaswa
Iacob se apostol on his pistole t+ahte.
<R 10>
(\Ut alleuet eos dominus, et si in peccatis sint, dimittentur
eis\) +t+at drihten hi ar+are fram hyra seocnysse, and gif hy
on synnum syndon, +t+at hy beon forgifene.
<P 150>
<R 11>
Man sceal huslian +tone seocan, +ta hwyle +te he hit
forswelgan m+ag.
<R 12>
And man ne sceal hit na don nanum samcwyce men.
<R 13>
For+tan+te he hit sceal etan, swaswa ure drihten cw+a+d:
(\Qui manducat carnem meam et bibit sanguinem meum,
in me manet et ego in eo\) , +t+at is: Se+te yt min fl+asc
and drincg+d min blod, se wuna+d on me and
ic wunige on him.
<R 14>
Sume seoce synd swa dysige, +t+at hy ondr+ada+d him, +t+at hi
sceolan swyltan sona for +tam husle.
<R 15>
Ac we secgea+d to so+tan, +t+at he ne swylt na for +ty,
+teah+te he +alce d+age underfo +t+at husel, ac his synna
beo+d adylegode +turh +tone drihtenlican hlaf and he bi+d
eac gescyld wi+d deofles syrwunga.
<R 16>
Se seoca man sceal swy+te behreowsian his +arran synna and
geswycennysse behatan and
<P 152>
he mot hy andettan o+t +ta nyhstan or+tuncge.
<R 17>
And he sceal forgifan eallum +tam mannum, +te him +ar abulgon,
and biddan hym forgifnysse.
<R 18>
Ge sculon huslian +ta cild, +tonne hi gefullode beo+d, and hy
man bere to m+assan, +t+at hyg beon gehuslode ealle
+ta seofon dagas, +ta hwile +te hig un+twogene beo+d.
<R 19>
Ge ne motan m+assian on l+awedra manna huse.
<R 20>
Ne man ne mot drincan ne dwollice plegan, ne etan innan
cyrican, ne unnytte word +t+arinne sprecan; ac hine gebiddan.
<R 21>
For+ton+te heo his gebedhus.
<R 22>
And eac for+tan+te se h+alend adr+afde of +tam haligan temple
ealle +ta gedwolan mid hyra gedwylde and cw+a+d +tus:
min hus is gecweden gebedhus.
<R 23>
(\SERMO IN CENA DOMINI ET SEXTA FERIA ET SABBATO SANCTO\) .
<P 154>
(\In cena domini et in parasceue et in sancto sabbato\) .
On +tyssum +trym swigenihtum ge sceolan singan +atg+adere be
fullan eowerne uhtsang, swaswa se antifonere t+ac+d.
<R 24>
And feower and twentig candela acwencan +at +tam sealmum and
+at +alcere r+adingce o+t +tone +aftemynstan
antifon.
<R 25>
And geendian +tone +aftersang swa, +t+at +alc singe his pater
noster on sundron and +ta preces +t+arto butan +alcum 
leohte licgende on cneowum.
<R 26>
On +tam +tunresd+age ge singa+d +atg+adere ealle eower
tydsangas.
Singa+d swa+teah +afre +t+at pater noster and +ta 
preces on sundran.
<P 156>
<R 27>
On friged+ag and on s+aternesd+ag singa+d eowre tyddsangas
+alc preost on sundran, butan +tam uhtsange.
<R 28>
On +tunresd+ag ge sculan a+twean eower weofodu, +ar+tan+de ge
m+assian and ge elles ne motan.
<R 29>
And +after +afensange ge sculon unscrydan +ta weofodu, and
standan hi swa nacode o+t +tone s+aternesd+ag.
<R 30>
And man +ta weofodsceatas awahxe betwux +tam.
<R 31>
And healda+d on +tam d+age eower f+asten o+t non.
<R 32>
(\Implete mandatum domini in caena ipsius\) , Do+d on
<P 158>
+tam +tunresd+age, swaswa ure drihten bebead.
A+twea+d +tearfena fet and him fodan do+d; scrud, gif eow to
onhagige.
<R 33>
And eac eow betwynan eowre fet a+twea+d mid eadmodnysse,
swaswa Crist sylf dyde and us swa don het.
<R 34>
On +tam d+age ge ne motan cwe+tan +at +t+are m+assan:
(\dominus uobiscum\) , butan se bisceop ana, +te +tone ele
halga+d.
<R 35>
Ne ge eac ne sculon gan to pacem ne agnus dei singan.
<R 36>
Ac +t+ar man +tone ele halga+d, man sceal cyssan +ta fatu.
<P 160>
<R 37>
And ge sculon [{healdan{] of +tam husle, +te ge halgia+d +t+as
d+ages, to +ticgenne on friged+ag +at +t+are +tenuncge.
<R 38>
For+tan+te man ne mot halgian nan husel on +tam d+age, +te
Crist on +trowode for ure alysednysse.
<R 39>
On friged+age +ar none +at fruman man sceal r+adan +t+as
witegan r+adincge: (\In tribulatione sua mane\) .
And sy+t+tan +tone traht singan: (\Domine audiui\) .
+after +tam trahte: (\Flectamus genua\) ; +tonne: (\Deus a quo
et Iudas\) .
Eft o+tre r+adincge: (\Dixit dominus ad Moysen et Aaron\) and
+tonne traht: (\Eripe me, domine\) .
<P 162>
<R 40>
R+ade man +tonne Cristes +trowunge be Iohannes gesetnysse.
<R 41>
+at +t+are ne man sceal cwe+tan: (\Dominus uobiscum\) ne n+anne
(\gloria tibi domine\) .
<R 42>
+after +tison cwe+te se preost +ta collecta swaswa seo
m+asseboc him t+ac+d.
<R 43>
+after +tam beran twegen gebro+tru +ta rode for+d mid hr+agle
bew+afed and singan +ta fers: (\Popule meus\) .
<R 44>
Twegen gebro+tru him andwyrdon on grecisc: (\Agios o theos\) 
o+t ende.
<R 45>
And hi ealle +tonne +t+at ylce singan on leden: (\Sanctus
deus, sanctus fortis\) .
<P 164>
<R 46>
+tonne +t+at o+ter fers: (\Quia eduxi uos\) ; +tonne eft:
(\agios, o theos\) , and: (\sanctus deus\) .
<R 47>
+tonne +t+at +trydde fers: (\Quid ultra debui\) and: (\Agios\)
and: Sanctus; Unwreon +tonne +ta rode and singan:
(\Ecce lignum crucis\) and +ta o+tre antifonas.
<R 49>
+ta hwile +te +ta gebro+tru hi gebidda+d +at +t+are rode and
+t+at l+awede folc eallswa do.
<R 50>
Lecge se diacon sy+d+dan corporale uppon +t+am weofode mid
+t+am husle, +te w+as [{on{] [{+t+am{] +arran d+age gehalgod
and sette +tone calic +t+aron emn mid ungehalgodum wine.
<P 166>
<R 51>
And cwe+te se m+assepreost be sone: (\Oremus: Preceptis
salutaribus moniti\) and pater noster o+d ende.
<R 52>
Cwe+te +tonne f+agre: (\Libera nos, qu+asumus, domine, ab
omnibus malis\) .
Eft sy+t+tan be sone: (\Per omnia secula seculorum\) .
<R 53>
Do se m+assepreost +tonne of +tam husle mid swygan into +tam
calice.
<R 54>
And gange he to husle and ealle +ta gebro+tru.
<R 55>
Singan sy+t+tan hyra +afensang, +alc on sundron, and gan
sy+t+tan to hyra gereorde.
<P 168>
<R 56>
And ne beo hyra nan gesceod +t+as d+ages, butan he untrum sy,
+ar+tan+te +tis gefylled sy.
<R 57>
On easter+afen man sceal halgian +arost +tone tapor.
<R 58>
And sy+t+tan r+adan +ta r+adincge: (\In principio fecit deus
celum et terram\) .
<R 59>
Don sy+t+tan +ta seofon l+etanias +tenuncge, swa eower bec eow
t+acea+d and mid fif letanias halgie fant.
<R 60>
Ac ge ne scylan singan offerendan on +t+am d+age ne 
agnus dei ne communia ne gan to pacem.
<P 170>
<R 61>
Singan swa+teah: (\Gloria in excelsis deo\) .
<R 62>
+after +t+am huselgange singa+d alleluia be sone and +tone
sceortan sealm +t+armid: (\Laudate dominum, omnes gentes\) .
Aginnan sy+t+tan +tone antiphon: (\Uespere autem sabbati\) and
fulsingan magnificat.
<R 63>
+after +t+am antiphone cwe+de se m+assepreost +ta collectan:
(\Post communionem\) and geendige swa +ta m+assan
and +tone +afensang mid anre collectan.
<R 64>
Se m+assepreost sceal halgian sealt and w+ater on +alcum
sunnand+age +ar+tan+te he m+assige and stredan geond +ta
cyricean and ofer +t+at folc.
<P 172>
<R 65>
And healdan +t+at w+ater, gif hwa habban wylle, o+t +t+at he
o+ter halgige on +tam o+trum sunnand+age.
<R 66>
Man sceal to m+assan don gemencged win and w+ater tog+adere
well cl+anlice.
<R 67>
For+tan+te +t+at win getacna+d ure alysednysse +turh +t+as
h+alendes blod, +te he for us ageat, and +t+at w+ater
getacna+d witodlice +t+at folc, +te Crist alysde mid his
leoff+astan blode.
<R 68>
Gif hwa win n+abbe ofer ealne +tone gear, he nime lynen
hr+agl, +te to note +ar ne com and bedyppe on wine, +t+at he
+turhw+at sy. Dryge hine +donne on sunnan and dyppe hine
o+tre sy+tan, dryge hine eft and dyppe +tryddan sy+te, dryge
hine +tonne eft on +t+are hatan sunnan, and healde hine
cl+anlice and on cl+anum w+atere w+ate of +tam cla+de and
wringe on his calic. Do swa lytlum and lytlum,
o+t +t+at se cla+d sy asoht.
<R 69>
Se preost sceal hogian, +t+at he his offrunga do swy+de
cl+anlice +turh cla+d geseohgod.
<P 174>
<R 70>
And his ofletan ne beon na to eald bacene.
<R 71>
And he a+twea his calic +afre ymbe seofon niht.
<R 72>
For+tan+te se wytega seg+d, +t+at se bi+d awyrged, se+te Godes
+tenunge de+d mid gymeleaste.
<R 73>
For+ty ne mot nan blynd preost m+assian n+afre, for+tan+te he
ne gesyh+d hw+at he sylf offra+d.
<R 74>
Mycele mede geearna+d +at +tam +almihtigan Gode, se+te him
cl+anlice +tena+d +at his cl+anum weofode.
<R 75>
And +tam folce de+d for Gode +ta +tenunga, +te to cyricean
gebyria+d on asettum tyman.
<R 76>
And genoh halig by+d [{lif{] +tam, +te hylt his cl+annysse and
Gode swa +tena+d on his gastlican +teowdome.
<R 77>
Gif he fram heafodleahtrum gehealden by+d.
<R 78>
Nu cwy+d, ic wene, eower sum to me: we nabba+d +tone fultum,
+t+at we +tis for+dbringan magan.
<R 79>
+tonne we standa+d ana +at urum weofode.
<R 80>
And ic secge eow to so+tan, +t+at ge sceolan
<P 176>
l+aran cnapan and geonge men eow to fultume, +t+at hig +after
eow don +ta ylcan +tenunga.
<R 81>
Na eower agene cild, +te ge unrihtlice gestryna+d, ac +ta
+alfremedan, +t+at hy eowre cild beon +turh +ta
gastlican lare.
And ge beo+d +tonne lareowas.
<R 82>
And ge magon swa begytan +ta m+astan ge+tyng+du.
<R 83>
Swaswa Daniel se witega on his witegunge gesette: (\Qui autem
docti, fulgebunt quasi splendor firmamenti et qui ad iustitiam
erudiunt multos, quasi stelle in perpetuas +aternitates\) ;
+t+at is on engliscre spr+ace: +ta+te gel+arede beo+d,
hy scyna+d swaswa steorran so+dlice on ecnisse.
<R 84>
Ne most +tu na ana m+assian, butan man +de andwyrde, +deah+te
[{+tu{] for unkiste clerec nabban nelle, o+t+te
+du for Godes lufan o+tre [{l+aran{] nylle.
<P 178>
<R 85>
Ac healst Godes pund on +tinum swat cla+de, +te to ecum wite,
swaswa us seg+d +t+at godspell.
<R 86>
Sume preostas afylla+d hyra husel boxcs on eastran and heal+d
ofer twelf mona+d to untrumum mannum, swilce +t+at husel sig
haligre +tonne o+ter.
<R 87>
Ac hig do+d swi+te unwislice, for+ton+de hit wana+d o+d+de mid
ealle forrota+d on swa langum fyrste.
<R 88>
And he bi+d +tonne scyldig, swaswa us secg+d seo boc.
<R 89>
Se+de husel forhilt o+d+de hit forlyst o+d+de hit mis eta+d
o+t+te o+tre nytenu, sceawa [{+da{] penitentialem hw+at
heo seg+d be +dysum.
<R 90>
Eal swa halig is +t+at husel, +te bi+d gehalgod tod+ag, swa
+t+at, +te bi+d gehalgod on +tam haligan easterd+age.
<R 91>
Healda+d for+dy, ic bidde, +tonne haligan Cristes lichaman mid
maran wisdome to seocum mannum fram sunnand+age to sunnand+age
on swi+te cl+anum boxcse, o+d+de be +tam m+astan xiv
nyht and
<P 180>
+dicgan hit +tonne and lecgan +t+ar o+der.
<R 92>
We habba+d bysne be +tam on Moyses +a, +t+at se sacerd sceolde
on +alcum saternes d+age settan twelf hlafas on +tam
tabernacula, ealle nibace. +ta w+aran gehatene
(\panis propositionis\) . And hyg sceoldan +t+ar standan on
+tam Godes getelde [{o+d{] o+derne s+aternes d+ag and etan hyg
+donne +ta sacerdas sylfe and settan +tar o+dre to.
<R 93>
Sume preostas nella+d +ticgan +t+at husel, +te hyg halgia+d.
Nu willa+d we eow secga+d, hu seo boc seg+d be +tam:
(\Presbiter missam celebrans et non audens sumere sacrificium,
accusante conscientia sua, anathema sit\) ; Se m+asse preost,
+te m+assa+d and ne dear +d+at husel +dicgan, wat hine
scildigne, se is amansumad.
<R 95>
L+asse pleoh is to +dicganne +t+at husol +tonne to halgienne.
<R 96>
Se+de aniges +tinges abirig+d, +ates o+d+de w+ates, ostran
o+t+te ofet, wines o+d+d w+ateres, ne r+ade he pistol
ne godspell to m+assan.
Gif hit
<P 182>
hwa +tonne de+d, he unarwir+da+d God and mid +t+are
dyrstignysse hine sylfne forde+d.
<R 97>
Se+de tuwa halga+d ane ofeletan to husle, se bi+d +dam
gedwolan gelic, +te an cyld fula+d tuwa.
<R 98>
Crist silf gehalgode husel +ar his +trowuncge.
<R 99>
He bletsode +tonne hlaf and tobr+ac, +tus cwe+tende to his
haligum apostolum: +ata+d +tisne hlaf, hit is min lichama.
<R 100>
And he eft bletsode +anne calic mid wine and cw+ad him +dus
to: Drinca+d ealle of +tissum, hit is min agen blod +tare
niwan gecy+dnesse, +te by+d for manegum agoten on sinna
forgifnesse.
<R 101>
Se drihten, +te halgode husol +ar hys +trowuncge and cw+ad,
+t+at se hlaf w+are his agen lichama and +t+at win w+are
witodlice his blod, se halga+d d+aghwamlice +turh his
sacerda handa hlaf to his lichaman and win to his blode on
gastlicre gerine, swaswa we r+ada+d on bocum.
<R 102>
Ne bi+d se liflica hlaf lichamlice swa+deah se ylca lichama,
+te Crist on +trowade.
Ne +d+at halige win nis +d+as h+alendes blod, +te for us
agoten w+as on lichamlicam +dincge.
<P 184>
<R 103>
Ac on gastlicum andgite +ag+der bi+d so+dlice se hlaf his
lichaman and +t+at win eac his blod.
<R 104>
Swaswa se heofonlica hlaf w+as, +te we hata+d manna, +te
feowertig geara afedde Godes folc, and +t+at luttre w+ater
w+as witodlice his blod, +te arn of +tam stane on
+tam w+astene +da.
<R 105>
Swa Paulus awrat on sumum his pistole: (\Omnes patres nostri
eandem escam spiritalem manducauerunt et omnes eundem potum
spiritalem biberunt et cetera\) . Ealle ure f+aderas +atan on
+dam westene +tone ylcon gastlican mete and gastlican drinc
druncon. Hyg druncon of [{+dam{] gastlican stane and se stan 
w+as Crist.
<R 106>
Se apostol s+ade, swaswa ge nu gehyrdan, +d+at hig ealle +atan
+tone ylcan gastlican mete and hyg ealle druncon +tone
gastlican drenc.
<R 107>
Ne cw+a+d he na lichamlice ne ac gastlice.
N+as Crist +ta gyt geboren, ne his blod n+as agoten, +da+da
+t+at Israhela folc ge+at +t+ane mete and of +dam
stane dranc.
<P 186>
<R 108>
And se stan n+as lichamlice Crist, +te ac +te swa cwe+dende
w+are.
<R 109>
Hit w+aron +da ylcan gerinu on +tare ealdan +a and hyg
gastlice getacnodon +t+at gastlice husol ure h+alendes
lichaman, +te we halgia+d nu.
<R 110>
Sume preostas nella+d syllan +tam folce husol, buton hi hyt
gebicgan.
Ne heora bearn fullian.
Ac hyg sceoldan understandan, hu se h+alend adr+afde mid
geworhtre swipe +da cypan of +tam temple.
<R 111>
Nolde +t+at hyg mangedon on +tam m+aran huse.
And hu he eac bebead on his godspelle: (\Gratis accepistis;
gratis date\) .
<R 112>
Ge hit underfencgon butan gearnuncgum; do+d hit eac o+drum
butan gearnuncgum.
<R 113>
Gyf we +ta +tenunga haligan, +te we +dam h+alende do+d,
silla+d wi+d feo, hw+at sil+d he us +tonne?
<R 114>
+tara laca we motan be Godes leafe brucan, +te man silfwilles
de+d, ac we sceolan geearnian.
<P 188>
<R 115>
Mann ne mot na logian andluman innan cyrican, ne corn ne nan
+ding on Cristes huse, buton +tam anum +tincgum, +te to his
+tenuncgum gebyria+d.
<R 116>
Sume preostas mencga+d win to +tam fantw+atere, swi+de
unrihtlice.
<R 117>
Ongean +ta setnyss, swaswa he cwy+d to Gode on +t+are
bletsunge: (\Tu has simplices aquas tuo ore benedicito\) ;
+d+at is on engliscum gereorde bletsa, +du drihten,
+tas anfealdan w+atum mid +tinum haligum mu+te.
<R 118>
Ac +t+at w+ater ne bi+d nanfeald, gyf +tar bi+d win to gedon.
<R 119>
And Crist ne het na fullian his folc mid wine, ac mid
anfealdum w+atere, swaswa us gewisa+d +d+at godspell.
<R 120>
Ge sceolan cunnan gemindelice and mannum eac
<P 190>
secgan +ta tyn +anlican word,
+te God t+ahte Moysen and mid his fingre awrat
on twam st+anenum tabulum on +dam munte Synai, eallum mannum
to steore, eallum folce +ta, [{+de geo w+as{] , ge us, +te nu
sindan.
<R 121>
(\Hoc est decalogum Moysi\) .
+t+at sint +ta tin beboda, +te eac God sylf geclipode on +tam
munte myd micelre stemne to eallum +dam mannum, +te mid Moyse
w+aron on +tam w+astene +ta: (\Ego sum dominus deus tuus,
qui eduxi te de terra Egypti; Non habebis deos alienos coram
me\) ; +t+at is on englisc: Ic eom drihten, +din God; ic,
+te +te al+adde of Egypta lande; ne hafa +tu +allfremde godas
+atforan me nateshwon.
<P 192>
<R 123>
+dis is +d+at forme bebod, +t+at we simle wur+dian +tone
+almihtigan God, se+de ana is God, seo halige +trinis,
+te ealle +dincg gesceop on anre godcundnisse +afre
rixiende, and we ne sceolan na weor+dian +ta dwolican godas;
hi ne sind na godas, ac gramlice deoflu.
<R 124>
+d+at o+ter bebod is +tus: (\Non adsumas nomen domini dei tui
in uanum\) ; Ne underfoh +du on idelnisse +tines drihtines
naman.
<R 125>
Se+de gelif swa on Crist, +t+at he si gesceapen and nele
gelifan, +t+at he +af God w+are mid his +almihtigan f+ader on
anre godcundnisse and mid +tam halgan gaste on anum
m+agen+trimme.
<P 194>
He nis na gesceaft, ac is so+d scippend and +alc gesceaft is
so+dlice under+deod nu idelnisse, +t+at is awendedlicnesse,
for+don+de +ta gesceaftum beo+d to beteran +tincgum awende.
<R 126>
+d+at +tridde bebod is (\Memento ut diem sabbati
sanctifices\) ; +t+at is on urum gereorde: Beo +du gemindig,
+t+at +tu gehalige restend+ag.
<R 127>
Under Moyses +a men halgodan +ta +tone s+aternesd+ag mid
swi+dlican weor+dmynte fram +deowetlicum weorcum,
and we sculon us healdan fram +deowetlicum weorce, +t+at
sindan sinna gewiss, +te gebrincga+d on +deowete
+ta +de hi swy+dost bega+d, swaswa se h+alend cw+a+d on his
haligan godspelle: (\Omnis qui facit peccatum,
<P 196>
seruus est peccati\) ; +alc +tara +de sinna gewyrc+d, is +dara
sinna +deow. We sculon gastlice healdan Godes restend+ag, swa
+t+at we silfe beon fram sinnum +amptige and se d+ag beo
gehalgod on us sylfum swa. Fela +tincga getacna+d se fores+ada
restend+ag. Ac we healda+d nu +after +t+as h+alendes +ariste
+done sunnand+ag freolice, for+don+de he of dea+de aras on
+dam easterlican sunnand+age, and se sunnand+ag is on
gesceapennisse firmest and we sculon eac hine +afre
weor+dian, Gode to wyr+dminte, on gastlicum +deowdome.
<R 128>
+tas +treo beboda w+aron on anre tabulan awritene and +da
o+dre seofon on o+dre tabulan.
<R 129>
+d+at feor+de bebod is: (\Honora patrem tuum et matrem tuam\) ;
+d+at is engliscre spr+ace: Arwyr+da +tinne f+ader and eac
+tinre meder. Se+de wyrge+d f+ader o+d+de modor, se is dea+des
scyldig.
<P 198>
<R 130>
+after gastlicum andgite God is ure f+ader and his halige
gela+duncg, +t+at is geleaffull folc, ure gastlice modor,
on +d+are we beo+d accennede on +tam haligan fulluhte,
Gode to bearnum, and we for+tig sceolan God, urne f+ader,
and his gastlice bride, +ta haligan cyrican, simble wur+dian.
<R 131>
+d+at fifte bebod is: (\Non occides\) ; Ne ofsleh +du n+anne
mann.
<R 132>
+t+at is seo m+aste sinn, +t+at man mann ofslea unscyldigne
o+d+de his sawle ofslea, gyf he hine to sinne
tiht.
<R 133>
And yfel bi+d +tam mann, +te m+ag gehelpan +tam w+adligan menn
and forwyrn+d him his goda and l+at hine acwellan for his
uncyste.
<P 200>
<R 134>
+d+at sixte bebod is: (\Non mechaberis\) ; Ne unriht h+am +du.
<R 135>
+alc +t+ara manna, +te butan rihtre +awe h+am+d, he h+am+d
unrihtlice.
<R 136>
+d+at seofo+de bebod is: (\Non furtum facies\) ; +d+at is: Ne
stala +tu.
<R 137>
For+ton se+de stil+d, he h+af+d wulfes wican and na wises
mannes, and se rica, +te beryp+d and myd re+dnysse ofsitt +ta
unscildigan menn, he is so+dlice wyrsa +tonne se digla +teof,
for+don+de he de+d openlice +t+at, +t+at se o+der de+d
dearnunga symble.
<R 138>
+d+at eahto+de bebod is: (\Non loqueris contra proximum tuum
falsum testimonium\) ; Ne beo +du leas gewyta.
<P 202>
<R 139>
Hit is so+dlice awriten: Ne bi+d se leasa gewita ungewitnod
nateshwon.
<R 140>
And se+de spic+d leasuncga he sceal losian sylf.
<R 141>
Wa +dam, +de for sceattum forsyl+t hyne silfne and awent so+d
to leasum and leas to so+dum.
<R 142>
+d+at nigo+de bebod is: (\Non concupisces uxorem proximi
tui\) ; Ne gewylna +du o+dres mannes wifes.
<R 143>
+d+at teo+de bebod is: (\Non concupisces ullam rem proximi
tui\) ; Ne gewilna +du o+dres mannes +ahta.
<R 144>
Hyt bi+d riht, +t+at gehwa h+abbe +t+at, +t+at he sylf begitt,
butan he his geunne o+trum menn sylf willes,
dincg o+t+te he hit forgange.
<P 204>
<R 145>
Nu ge habba+d gehyred be +tam healican tyn bebodum.
<R 146>
Nu will+a we eow secgan sceortlice eac swilce be +tam eahta
heafodleahtrum, +de +da unwaran menn forde+d
and witodlice besenca+d on +da ecan witu.
<R 147>
Se forma heafodleahtor is on leden (\superbia\) and on englisc
modygniss.
<R 148>
Seo macode to deoflum +ta wlitigan encglas, +te wunedon on
heofonum.
<R 149>
And se modiga mann ne m+ag cuman to heofonum, ac by+d +dara
deofla gefera, butan he +t+as dysiges geswice.
<R 150>
For+don+te modigniss is swi+de micel dysig and se wisa mann
nat, on hwan he modige.
<R 151>
Seo modigniss is +alces yfeles ord and ende, ac heo bi+d
oferswi+de+d +turh +ta so+dan eadmodnysse.
<P 206>
<R 152>
Seo eadmodnyss gede+d, +t+at +ta ea+dmodan beo+d encglum
gelice on +tam ecum lyfe.
<R 153>
Se o+der heafodleahtor is (\castrimargia uel gula\) , +t+at is
on englisc gyferniss.
<R 154>
Seo awearp +at fruman +ta frumsceapenan menn of neorxna wange,
+da+da hig +atan of +dam forbodenan treowe.
<R 155>
And se mann by+d gifre, +te for gyfernisse ne m+ag his m+ales
onbidan, swaswa mann don sceal.
<R 156>
And se+de drunconnysse to dyselice beg+a+d and [{on{]
oferflowednysse gefada+d his lyf.
<R 157>
+tone un+teaw oferswy+d seo gesceadwyse gemetegung, +t+at he
h+abbe gemet on mettum and on druncen.
<R 158>
Seo +tridda heafodleahtor is (\Fornicatio\) , +t+at is seo
galniss, +ta oferswi+d seo cl+annis.
<P 208>
<R 159>
Seo feor+da heafodleahtor is (\Auaritia\) on leden and on 
englisc gytsuncg.
<R 160>
Seo ontent +tane mann to maran +ahte +afre and heo n+afre ne
by+d full.
<R 161>
Seo bi+d oferswi+ded +turh cystignesse swa+teah.
<R 162>
Se fifta is (\Ira\) , +t+at is weamodniss, +t+at se mann ne 
m+age his mod gewildan, ac butan +alcum wisdome waclice 
irsa+d and mannslihtas gefrema+d and fela re+tnissa.
<R 163>
+tone m+ag oferswy+dan +t+as modes ge+dild, se+de mid gesceade
him sylfan gewissa+d.
<R 164>
Se sixta is (\accidia\) , +t+at is asolcennyss, +d+at is modes
sw+arniss and ungemetegod slapulniss.
<R 167>
Se leahtor bi+d oferswi+ded +turh +t+as modes anr+adnisse,
+t+at se mann beo anr+ade +afre on godum weorcum.
<P 210>
<R 165>
+t+at se mann beo ungearo to +alcum gode +afre.
<R 166>
+tes leahtor gemaca+d micel yfel +tam menn, +tonne he +turh
asolcennysse swa aswunden leofa+d, +t+at he nan
+ding to gode ne de+d on his life and nan edlean n+af+d butan
ece wite.
<R 168>
Se seofo+da heafodleahtor is (\Tristitia\) on leden, +t+at 
is on englisc unrotnyss for mislicum gelimpum,
+te mannum becym+d on cwelme and on lyrum o+t+te on freonda
for+dsi+de.
<R 169>
+tonne murcna+d se mann on his mode to swi+de and ceora+d
ongean God ungesceadwislice.
<R 170>
Twa unrotnisse sindan swaswa us secca+d bec.
An is +deos yfele, +de we embe spreca+d, o+ter is halwende,
swaswa we her secga+d, +d+at se mann unrotsi for his +arrum
sinnum and hig behreowsige mid r+adf+astum mode.
<P 212>
<R 171>
Seo yfele unrotnyss by+d eac oferswi+ded +turh +da gastlican
blisse, +te mann for Gode habban sceal.
<R 172>
Se eahto+de heafodleahtor is: (\cenodoxia, id est, iactantia
uel uana gloria\) , +t+at is gylp on englisc
o+d+de getot, gereht, +t+at se mann beo leofgeorn and mid
gylpe afylled, +teah+de he nateshwon hergendlic ne si.
<R 173>
And by+d +tonne hiwere +turh +tone heafodleahter and ranc on
his gyrelum and unr+adf+ast on d+adum.
<R 174>
+tone leahter oferswi+d se so+de lufu on Gode, on urum heortan
agoten +turh +tone haligan gast.
<R 175>
Nu ge habba+d gehyred +ta eahta heafodleahtris and eac +ta
eahta [{mihta{] , +te hi magan oferswi+dan.
<P 214>
<R 176>
+ta unsigendan deor and heora to+dum +atberstan.
<R 177>
For+ton+te ne by+d nan +ding swa yfel on +dissum life, +t+at
n+abbe l+acedom +turh +d+as h+alendes foresceawunge, +te hylt
ealle +dingc, gyf we +da l+acedomas us sylfum don cunnan.
<R 178>
(\Debetis in purificatione sanct+e Mari+e candelas benedicere 
et cetera\) .
Ge sculon on +tam m+assed+age, +te is gehaten (\purificatio
sanct+e Mari+e\) , bletsian candela and beran mid
lofsange, ge gehadode ge l+awede, to processionem and ofrian
hig swa byrnende +after +tam godspelle +tam m+assepreoste mid
+dam offrumsange.
<R 179>
Ge sculon bletsian axan on (\caput ieiunium\) and mid halig
w+atere besprencgan.
<R 180>
Do +tonne se m+assepreost on ufeweardum his heafde myd +d+are
haligan rode tacne and on ealra +tara manna,
<P 216>
+te +at +t+are m+assan beo+d, +ar+dam+te he m+assige
and gan to processionem.
<R 181>
Ge sculon on palmsunnand+age palmtwigu bletsian and beran mid
lofsange to processionem and habban on
handa, ge gehadade ge l+awede, and offrian hig +after +tam
godspelle +tam m+assepreoste mid +tam offrungsange.
<R 182>
Nu gyf hwa nyte hw+at +tis [{getacnige{] , he leornige +at 
o+drum menn on leden o+d+de on englisc.
<R 183>
Beo+d so+df+aste, ic bidde, and betweox eow getriwe.
<R 184>
Beo+d eac snotere and swi+de rihtwyse.
<R 185>
Ne beswice nan o+derne.
<R 186>
Ne ge n+a swerian man.
<R 187>
Ne lufige higeleaste.
<R 188>
Ne ge gligmenn ne beon.
<R 189>
Spreca+d butan a+de mid anfealdre bilewitnesse, swaswa se
h+alend t+ahte on his haligum godspelle.
<P 218>
<R 190>
Lufia+d eow betweonan and gyf hwa lare ne cunne, he leornige
+at o+drum, +te gel+ared si [{and se{] mid ea+dmodnysse hine
gewissige.
<R 191>
+t+at we willa+d eac don, gif us hwa ahsa+d, swaswa us mana+d
Moyses gesetniss: (\Interroga patrem tuum et adnuntiabit tibi
et cetera\) ; Ahsa +tinne f+ader and he cy+d +te ymbe God.
<R 193>
Ahsa +tine yldran; hi +de andwyrda+d and secga+d.
<R 194>
Uton beon gemyndige, hu se mildheorta Crist cw+a+d: Lufa
+dinne drihten God mid ealre +tinre heortan, and lufa +tinne
nihstan swaswa +de sylfne.
<R 195>
+tas twa bebodu beluca+t ealle +ta haligan lare.
<R 196>
For+don se+de God lufa+d, he gelyf+d eac on hine and nele nan
+dincg don +t+as +de Gode oflicige, ac, swaswa he firmest
m+age, he gefil+d his bebodu.
<R 197>
And se+de his nihstan lufa+d, nele he him nan la+d don ne his
+ahta him +atbredan dearnuncga o+t+te eawuncga.
<P 220>
<R 198>
Gefultmige us se h+alend to his bebodum, se+de leofa+d and
rixa+d mid his leofan f+ader and +tan haligum
gaste on anre godcundnisse, hig +dri an God, +afre ryxiende a
woruld.
Amen.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O3 IR RELT LSIGEF>
<N LET SIGEF>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B1.8.5^]
<P 13>
<R 13>
Ure H+alend Crist cydde, +t+at he lufode +ta cl+annysse on his
+teowum swutelice,
<P 14>
+ta +ta he m+adenmann him to meder geceas.
<R 16>
And he sylf leofode buton eallum synnum on +t+are ylcan
cl+annysse, +te he com to mannum, o+d +t+at he us
alysde mid his agenum life and mid his +ariste urne dea+d
towearp.
<R 20>
Iohannes eac, se fulluhtere, +te Crist gefullode, heold +ta
cl+annysse gecwemlice gode on mode and on
lichaman on micelre drohtnunge.
<R 23>
And he is m+ag+dhades man, for+dam +te m+ag+dhad is ge on
w+apmannum, ge on wimmannum, swa swa gewritu secga+d.
<R 26>
Iohannes se godspellere, +te gode w+as gecweme, and Crist hine
lufode for +t+are cl+annysse, swa swa we
singa+d swutelice be him: (\Virgo electus a Deo, virgo in eum
permansit\) .
<R 30>
He w+as on cl+anum m+ag+dhade gecoren fram gode, and he on
m+ag+dhade on ecnysse +turhwunode.
<R 31>
Sume +ta apostolas, +te si+dodon mid Criste on his lareowdome,
+ta +ta he her on life w+as, h+afdon him gemacan +after
Moyses +a.
<R 35>
Ac hi sona geswicon +t+as sinscipes +afre, sy+d+dan hi Cristes
lare geleornodon +at him, swa swa Petrus s+ade on sumum
godspelle:
<P 15>
(\Ecce nos reliquimus omnia et secuti sumus te\) .
<R 39>
(\Quid ergo erit nobis\) ?
<R 40>
We forleton ealle +ting and +te, leof, folgia+d.
<R 41>
Hw+at gewyr+d be us?
And him andwyrde Crist: Ge, +te folgia+d me, for +ti ge
sceolon sittan on twelf domsetlum, and ge deman sceolon
eallum manncynne on +tam micclan d+age +after +tam
+ariste, +tonne ic sylf sitte on +tam domsetle mines
m+agen+trymmes.
<R 47>
And +alc +t+ara, +te forl+at on +tisum life nu f+ader o+d+de
modor, gebro+dru o+d+de geswustru, his wif o+d+de cildru,
hus o+d+de +aceras for minum naman, he underfeh+d +ta
mede be hundfealdum edleane and +t+at ece lif.
<R 52>
+dysne wur+dmynt geearnia+d +at +tam +almihtigan gode +ta +te
mid cl+annysse him gecwema+d on life and mid godum weorcum
hine gladia+d nu, +t+at hi be hundfealdum habba+d +ta mede,
+t+at +t+at hi be anfealdan for his lufon dydon, and +t+ar
to eacan sy+t+tan +t+at ece lif mid him.
<R 58>
Under Moyses lage men moston lybban on maran softnysse and on
gesw+asum lustum,
<P 16>
swi+tor +tonne nu on +tisum niwum dagum
+after Cristes acennednysse, +te +ta cl+annysse astealde ge
+turh hine sylfne, ge +turh his halgan +tegenas, ge w+apmenn,
ge wimmenn, +te wunedon on cl+annysse, fela +tusend manna on
micelre drohtnunge, +te nu syndon halige on heofonan rice.
<R 66>
(\Lex et prophetae usque ad Iohannem\) .
<R 67>
Seo ealde +a wunode and witegan eac swylce o+t Iohannes timan,
and witodlice sy+t+tan man sceal mid earfo+dnyssum +t+at ece
lif geearnian, swa swa se h+alend on his halgan godspelle
cw+a+d.
<R 71>
Iacob, se heahf+ader, h+afde twa geswustru buta him to wife be
+tam ealdan gewunan.
<R 73>
Ac +t+at is nu manfullic +anigum menn to donne on +tam
cristendome, +te Crist sylf astealde on +t+as godspelles timan
nu under godes gyfe.
<R 76>
Se bisceop +ta moste under Moyses +a habban wif and cild for
+t+are gesetnysse, +te nan mann ne moste to
+tam micclum hade nateshwon becuman buton of Aarones cynne,
<P 17>
+t+as forman bisceopes, be godes gesetnysse.
<R 81>
Hit mihte +ta swa wel beon, for+tam +te hi ne m+assodon
n+afre, ne husel ne halgodon, +ar+tan +te se h+alend
sylf husel gehalgode +ar his +trowunge and het us swa don on
his halgan gemynde.
<R 85>
He ne gecyst nu be nanum cynrene, ac of +alcere m+ag+de be
+t+as mannes ge+ting+dum, to his halgum +tenungum him to
m+assigenne bisceopas and m+assepreostas to swa mycelre gerynu,
+t+at hi halgian magon mid heora +tenungum +t+at halige husel
to his lichaman and blode, and he wyle habban huru +ta cl+anan
to swylcum weorce, swa swa him wel gerist.
<R 84>
He cw+a+d on his godspelle be +tam +te him +tenia+d: (\Sint
lumbi vestri procincti et lucernae ardentes in
manibus vestris\) .
<R 95>
Beon eowre lendena ymbgyrde, and beon leohfatu on eowrum
handum byrnende.
<R 97>
Lareowas us secga+d, +t+at on +tam lendenum is +t+as lichaman
galnyss, and god bebead for +ti, +t+at we sceolon gewri+dan
and gewyldan +ta galnysse, we +te him +tenia+d
on +t+are halgan m+assan.
<R 101>
And we sceolon habban on urum handum leohtfatu, +t+at synd +ta
godan weorc, +te gode licia+d,
<P 18>
o+drum mannum to bysne, na us sylfum to gylpe.
<R 104>
Eft cw+a+d se h+alend to his gingrum +tuss: (\Qui mihi
ministrat, me seguatur, et cetera\) : Se +de me sylfum +tena+d,
folgie he eac me, and +t+ar +t+ar ic sylf beo,
+t+ar by+t eac min +ten.
<R 108>
Se +te Criste +tena+d, he sceal him eac folgian +afre on
cl+anum +teawum be Cristes gebysnungum, +t+at he mote wunian
on +t+are ecan worulde mid h+alende Criste, swa swa he sylf
behet +tam +te him +tenia+d on his +teowdome her.
<R 112>
Iohannes, se godspellere, on his gastlican gesih+de,
Apocalipsis gehaten, +te se h+alend him onwreah,
geseah Crist standan and +tone cl+anan flocc mid him,
hundteontig +tusenda and feower and feowertig +tusenda,
swi+de hlude singende +tone heofonlican sang, and nan
o+ter halig mann ne mihte singan mid him +tone gastlican
lofsang on godes gesih+de, buton +ta +tusenda, +te +tuss
synd geherode.
<R 121>
(\Hi sunt, qui cum mulieribus non sunt coinquinati. Virgines
enim sunt. Hi sequuntur agnum, quocumque ierit\) .
<P 19>
<R 124>
+das halgan n+aron n+afre mid wifum besmitene.
<R 125>
Hi sindon m+ag+dhade gehealdenre cl+annysse.
<R 126>
Hi folgia+d Criste, swa hwider swa he g+a+d.
<R 127>
Ac +ta godes +teowas, +te gode sceolon +tenian, gyf hi licga+d
nu on heora lustum her, +tonne ne magon hi
singan +tone heofonlican sang, ne Criste folgian on his
f+agerum wununge, +te +ta cl+annysse lufa+d on his cl+anum
+teowdome.
<R 132>
Is nu for +di mycel neod l+awedum mannum, +t+at hi leornion
heora geleafan +at Cristes lareowum, and hu
hi lybbon on riht on godes gela+dunge, for+tan +de +try hadas
syndon, +te fullice gode licia+d.
<R 136>
+t+ara is +arest riht sinscipe and sy+t+tan wudewanhad and
+tonne m+ag+dhad mid +t+as modes cl+annysse.
<R 138>
Riht sinscipe is on gesinhiwum, +ta +te beo+d ge+awnode +after
godes gesetnysse and +awbryce ne wyrcea+d wolice and sceamlice,
ac heora lif lybba+d, swa swa hit alyfed is, bearn strynende
mid godes bletsunge on alyfedum timan, godes folce to eacan,
for+tan +de god fordem+d +ta dyrnan forligeras and +ta unrihtan
h+ameras on helle suslum,
<P 20>
buton hi heora unriht +ar heora ende gebeton.
<R 147>
Hit w+are swy+te rihtlic +after rihtum life, +t+at se cniht
heolde hine sylfne cl+ane, o+d +t+at he wifode,
swa swa he wyle habban cl+ane m+aden, +tonne hi cuma+d
tog+aderes.
<R 151>
And +after godes gesetnysse eall swa scyldig by+d geteald se
forlegena cniht swa +t+at forlegene m+aden.
<R 153>
Wudewanhad is, +t+at man wunige on cl+annysse for godes lufon,
swa swa +t+at godspell seg+d, +after his gemacan mid
anr+adnysse, +ag+der ge weras ge wif +after godes wissunge.
<R 157>
Hit by+d swy+te sceandlic, +t+at eald wif sceole ceorles
brucan, +tonne heo forwerod by+d and teames +atealdod,
ungehealtsumlice, for+dan +de gesceafta ne beo+d for
nanum o+dran +tinge astealde butan for bearnteame anum,
swa swa us secga+d halige bec.
<R 162>
M+ag+dhad is witodlice se +te wuna+d on cl+annysse +afre fram
cildhade ges+alig for Criste, ge w+apmenn, ge
wimmenn, +ta +te wur+dia+d Crist mid swa micelre lufe, +t+at
him leofre by+d, +t+at hi mid earfo+dnysse hi sylfe gewyldon
to +t+are cl+annysse, +te hi Criste beheton, +tonne hi heora
lustas on heora life gefremmon 
<P 21>
and fram +tam ecan wur+dmynte +alfremede beon;
swa swa +ta godan munecas and mynecena do+d,
+ta +te on cl+annysse Criste +afre +teowia+d.
<R 172>
+das +try hadas habba+d +tone +tryfealdan w+astm +t+are godre
eor+dan; swa swa +t+at godspell us seg+d, +t+at +t+at
gode s+ad, +te god s+aw+d on mancynne, sum ber+d
+trittigfealdne w+astm, sum syxtigfealdne, sum hundfealdne
mid healicum ge+tylde.
<R 177>
+da +te on sinscipe wunia+d mid gesceadwisnysse and heora +awe
healda+d buton +awbryce symle, +ta habba+d +trittigfealde mede
+at +tam mildheortan Criste on +tam ecan life mid +t+ara engla
geferr+adene.
<R 181>
+da +te on wudewanhade wunia+d for Criste, +ta habba+d eft +at
him syxtigfealde mede, and +ta +te on m+ag+dhade and on modes
cl+annysse fram cildhade wunia+d on Cristes +teowdome,
mid eadmodnysse him +afre +teowigende, +ta habba+d hundfealde
mede mid him sylfum on ecnysse and +ta m+arestan wununge,
swa swa se witega cw+a+d, Isaias se +a+tela, on his gesetnysse.
<P 22>
<R 189>
On +t+are gesetnysse m+ag sceawian se +te wyle, hu holdlice
god spr+ac +turh +tone halgan witegan be his cl+anum +tegenum
and his cl+anum +tinenum, hu he hi gearwur+da+d toforan o+drum
mannum on +tam ecan wur+dmynte and on wuldre mid him.
<R 194>
We ne magon nu secgan on +tysum sceortum gewrite, hu +ta
halgan apostolas heredon +ta cl+annysse, and hu +ta wisan
lareowas awriton be +t+are mycele bec on manegum gesetnyssum.
<R 198>
And se +te him wi+dcwy+d and heora gesetnyssum, he ne by+d na
wita, ac witodlice gedwola.
<R 200>
We r+ada+d on bocum, +t+at ungerim bisceopa and muneca w+aron,
swa swa w+as Martinus, Gregorius and Augustinus, Basilius and
Cuthberhtus, and manega o+dre, on micelre drohtnunge Criste
+teowigende on cl+annysse +afre.
<R 205>
And heora nan ne sealde swylce leafe n+afre, +t+at +anig
weofodes +ten moste wif habban, se +te mid his handum halgian
sceal +t+at halige husel, swa swa se h+alend t+ahte.
<R 209>
Eac swylce m+assepreostas manega w+aron halige, swa swa w+as
Beda, se m+ara bocere, and eft Hieronimus
and o+dre gehwylce
<P 23>
wide geond +tas woruld, +te wunnon wi+d un+teawas
and galnysse onscunedon +turh godes gast onbryrde
and +ta fulan forsawon for heora fracodnysse.
<R 215>
On westenum wunedon +ta wisan f+aderas Antonius and Paulus,
Hilarion and Macharius, Iohannes and Arsenius, Pafnutius
and Apollonius, and fela +tusenda, swa swa
(\Vita Patrum\) seg+d, muneca and mynecena,
on mycelre drohtnunge Criste +teowigende on modes cl+annysse.
<R 221>
And swa by+d +afre o+d +tissere worulde geendunge, +t+at +ta
cl+anheortan on Cristes lufe +teonde beo+d on halgum
ge+ting+dum, o+d +t+at hi becumon to Criste sylfum.
<R 225>
+tam sy a wuldor to worulde.
Amen.



<B COAEPREF>
<Q O3 IR PREF PRCHOM1>
<N PREF CHOM I>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  AELFRIC'S PREFACE
TO CATHOLIC HOMILIES I.
1)   AELFRIC'S 'CATHOLIC HOMILIES' FIRST SERIES.
ED. P. A. M. CLEMOES.
CAMBRIDGE DISSERTATION, 1955-1956.
2)   THE SERMONES CATHOLICI, OR HOMILIES 
OF AELFRIC, VOL. I.
THE HOMILIES OF THE ANGLO-SAXON CHURCH, I.
ED. B. THORPE.
LONDON: THE AELFRIC SOCIETY, 1844.
(THE TEXT OF SAMPLE 1 IS DRAWN FROM 
CLEMOES 1955-6 BUT FOLLOWS THE LINEATION 
OF THORPE 1844).
PP. 2.1 - 8.18  (SAMPLE 1) (PRCHOM1)

TEXT:  AELFRIC'S PREFACE
TO CATHOLIC HOMILIES II.
1) AELFRIC'S SECOND SERIES OF 'CATHOLIC
HOMILIES': THE TEXT AND MANUSCRIPT
TRADITION.
ED. M. GODDEN.
CAMBRIDGE DISSERTATION, 1970.
2) AELFRIC'S CATHOLIC HOMILIES: 
THE SECOND SERIES, TEXT.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, S.S. 5.
ED. M. GODDEN.
LONDON, 1979.
(THE TEXT OF SAMPLE 2 IS DRAWN 
FROM GODDEN 1970 BUT FOLLOWS 
THE LINEATION OF GODDEN 1979).
PP. 1.29 - 2.49  (SAMPLE 2) (PRCHOM2)

TEXT:  AELFRIC'S PREFACE TO LIVES OF SAINTS.
AELFRIC'S LIVES OF SAINTS, BEING A SET OF
SERMONS ON SAINTS' DAYS FORMERLY
OBSERVED BY THE ENGLISH CHURCH, VOL. I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 76.
ED. W. W. SKEAT.
LONDON, 1966 (1881).
PP. 4.35 - 6.76  (PRAELVS)

TEXT:  AELFRIC'S PREFACE TO GRAMMAR.
AELFRICS GRAMMATIK UND GLOSSAR, VOL. I.
ED. J. ZUPITZA.
BERLIN: WEIDMANNSCHE BUCHHANDLUNG, 1880.
PP. 2.13 - 3.25  (PRAEGR)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B1.1.1^]
<P 2>
<R 2.1>
[} (\PRAEFATIO.\) }]
Ic +alfric munuc and m+assepreost swa +deah
waccre +tonne swilcum hadum gebyrige. wear+d asend on
+a+telredes d+age cyninges fram +alfeage
biscope a+delwoldes +aftergengan to sumum mynstre
+de is cernel gehaten +turh +a+delm+ares bene +d+as
+tegenes. his gebyrd and goodnys sind gehw+ar cu+de;
<R 2.7>
+Ta bearn me on mode ic truwige +durh godes gife. +t+at ic
+das boc of ledenum gereorde to engliscre spr+ace awende.
na +turh gebylde micelre lare. ac for +dan +de ic geseah
and gehyrde mycel gedwyld on manegum engliscum bocum.
+de ungel+arede menn +durh heora bilewitnysse to micclum
wisdome tealdon. and me ofhreow +t+at hi ne cu+don ne
n+afdon +da godspellican lare on heora gewritum. buton +dam
mannum anum +de +t+at leden cu+don. and buton +tam bocum +de
+alfred cyning snoterlice awende of ledene on englisc.
+da synd to h+abbenne;
<R 2.16>
For +disum antimbre ic gedyrstl+ahte on gode truwiende +t+at
ic +das gesetnysse undergann. and eac for +dam +de menn
behofia+d godre lare swi+dost on +tisum timan +te
is geendung +tyssere worulde. and beo+d fela
frecednyssa on mancynne +ar +dan +te se ende becume. swa swa
ure drihten on his godspelle cw+a+d to his leorningcnihtum;
<R 2.21>
+Tonne beo+d swilce
<P 4>
gedreccednyssa swilce n+aron n+afre +ar fram frym+de
middangeardes;
<R 4.2>
Manega lease cristas cuma+d on minum naman cwe+dende ic eom
crist. and wyrca+d fela tacna and wundra to bep+acenne
mancynn. and eac swylce +da gecorenan men gif hit
gewur+dan m+ag;
<R 4.5>
And butan se +almihtiga god +da dagas gescyrte. eall mennisc
forwurde ac for his gecorenum he gescyrte +da dagas;
<R 4.7>
Gehwa m+ag +te ea+delicor +ta toweardan costnunge acuman +durh
godes fultum. gif he bi+d +turh boclice lare getrymmed. for
+dan +de +da beo+d gehealdene +te o+d ende on geleafan
+turhwunia+d;
<R 4.10>
Fela gedreccednyssa and earfo+dnyssa becuma+d on +dissere
worulde +ar hire geendunge. and +ta sind +da bydelas +t+as
ecan forwyrdes on yfelum mannum +te for heora mand+adum
si+d+dan ecelice +drowia+d on +d+are sweartan helle;
<R 4.14>
+Tonne cym+d se antecrist se bi+d mennisc mann and so+d deofol
swa swa ure h+alend is so+dlice mann. and god on anum hade;
<R 4.16>
And se gesewenlica deofol +tonne wyrc+d ungerima wundra. and
cwy+d +t+at he sylf god beo. and wile neadian mancynn to his
gedwylde. ac his tima ne bi+d na langsum. for +dan +de godes
grama hine forde+d. and +deos weoruld bi+d si+d+dan geendod;
<R 4.20>
Crist ure drihten geh+alde untrume and adlige. and +tes deofol
+te is gehaten antecrist. +t+at is gereht +dwyrlic crist.
aleua+d and geuntruma+d +ta halan. and n+anne ne geh+al+d
fram untrumnyssum. buton +tam anum +te he sylf +ar awyrde;
<R 4.24>
He and his gingran awyrda+d manna lichaman digellice +durh
deofles cr+aft. and geh+ala+d hi openlice on manna gesih+de.
ac he ne m+ag n+anne geh+alan. +te god sylf +ar geuntrumode;
<R 4.27>
He neada+d +turh yfelnysse +t+at men sceolon bugan fram heora
scyppendes geleafan to his leasungum. se +de is ord +alcere
leasunge and yfelnysse;
<R 4.29>
Se +almihtiga god ge+dafa+d +tam arleasan antecriste. to
wyrcenne tacna and wundra. and ehtnysse to feor+dan healfan
geare. for +dan +de on +dam timan bi+d swa micel yfelnyss and
+twyrnys betwux mancynne. +t+at hi wel wyr+de beo+d +t+are
deoflican ehtnysse to ecum forwyrde +tam +de him onbuga+d.
and to ecere myrh+de +tam +te him +turh geleafan wi+dcwe+da+d;
<R 4.35>
God
<P 6>
ge+dafa+d eac +t+at his gecorenan +degenas beon acl+ansade
fram eallum synnum. +durh +da orm+atan ehtnyssa. swa swa gold
bi+d on fyre afandod;
<R 6.3>
+Ta ofslih+d se deofol +de him wi+dstanda+d. and hi +donne
fara+d mid halgum martyrdome to heofenan rice;
<R 6.5>
+Ta +de his leasungum gelyfa+d +tam he ara+d. and hi habba+d
sy+d+dan +ta ecan susle to edleane heora gedwyldes;
<R 6.6>
Se arleasa de+d +t+at fyr cym+d ufan swilce of heofonum on
manna gesih+de. swilce he god +almihtig sy. +de ah geweald
heofenas and eor+dan. ac +ta cristenan sceolon beon +tonne
gemyndige. hu se deofol dyde. +da +da he b+ad +at gode +t+at
he moste fandian IOBES;
<R 6.11>
He gemacode +da +t+at fyr com ufan swilce of heofenum. and
forb+arnde ealle his scep ut on felda. and +ta hyrdas samod.
buton anum +te hit him cy+dan sceolde;
<R 6.13>
Ne sende se deofol +da fyr of heofenum. +teah +de hit ufan
come. for +dan +de he sylf n+as on heofonum. sy+d+dan he
for his modignysse of aworpen w+as;
<R 6.16>
Ne eac se w+alhreowa antecrist n+af+d +ta mihte +t+at he
heofenlic fyr asendan m+age. +deah +de he +turh deofles cr+aft
hit swa gehiwige;
<R 6.18>
Bi+d nu wislicor +t+at gehwa +dis wite and cunne his geleafan.
weald hwa +da micclan yrm+de gebidan sceole;
<R 6.20>
Ure drihten bebead his discipulum +t+at hi sceoldon l+aran.
and t+acan eallum +teodum +da +ding +te he sylf him t+ahte.
ac +d+ara is nu to lyt. +de wile wel t+acan. and wel bysnian;
<R 6.23>
Se ylca drihten clypode +turh his witegan ezechiel;
<R 6.24>
Gif +du ne gestentst +tone unrihtwisan and hine ne manast
+t+at he fram his arleasnysse gecyrre. and lybbe. +tonne
swelt se arleasa on his unrihtwisnysse. and ic
wylle ofgan +at +de his blod +t+at is his lyre;
<R 6.27>
Gif +du +donne +tone arleasan gewarnast. and he nele fram his
arleasnysse gecyrran. +tu alysdest +tine sawla mid +t+are
mynegunge. and se arleasa swylt on his unrihtwisnysse;
<R 6.30>
Eft cw+a+d se +almihtiga to +tam witegan ISIAM;
<R 6.31>
Clypa and ne geswic +du. ahefe +dine stemne swa swa byme. and
cy+d minum folce heora leahtras. and Iacobes hirede heora
synna;
<R 6.33>
For swylcum bebodum wear+d me ge+duht +t+at ic n+are unscyldig
wi+d god. gif ic nolde o+drum mannum cy+dan o+t+te +turh
<P 8>
gewritu +da godspellican so+df+astnysse +te he sylf gecw+a+d.
and eft halgum lareowum onwreah;
<R 8.2>
Forwel fela ic wat on +disum earde. gel+aredran +tonne ic sy.
ac god geswutela+d his wundra +durh +done +de he wile.
swa swa +almihtig wyrhta;
<R 8.5>
He wyrc+d his weorc +turh his gecorenan. na swylce he behofige
ures fultumes. ac +t+at we geearnion +t+at ece lif +turh his
weorces fremminge;
<R 8.7>
Paulus se apostol cw+a+d;
<R 8.8>
We sind godes gefylstan. and swa +deah ne do we nan +ding to
gode. buton godes fultume;
<R 8.9>
Nu bydde ic and halsige on godes naman gif hwa +tas boc
awritan wylle +t+at he hi geornlice gerihte be
+d+are bysene. +ty l+as +de we +durh gymelease writeras
geleahtrode beon;
<R 8.12>
Mycel yfel de+d se +de leas writ. buton he hit gerihte. swylce
he gebringe +ta so+dan lare to leasum gedwylde. for +di sceal
gehwa gerihtl+acan +t+at +t+at he +ar to woge gebigde gif he
on godes dome unscyldig beon wile;

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O3 XX PREF PRCHOM2>
<N PREF CHOM II>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B1.2.1^]
<P 1>
[} (\INCIPIT PRAEFATIO HUIUS LIBRI. IN NOMINE CHRISTI
OMNIPOTENTIS.\) }]
[^LINES 1 TO 28 (IN LATIN) OMITTED FROM THE TORONTO CORPUS^]
<R 1.29>
Ic +alfric munuc awende +tas boc of ledenum bocum to
engliscum gereorde +tam mannum to r+adenne +te +t+at leden
ne cunnon;
<R 1.31>
Ic hi genam of halgum godspellum. and +after ge+dungenra
lareowa trahtnungum hi asmeade. +t+ara lareowa naman
<P 2>
ic awrat on +d+are +arran bec. on +d+are ledenan forespr+ace;
<R 2.33>
Ic gesette on twam bocum +ta gereccednysse +de ic awende. for
+dan +de ic +dohte +t+at hit w+are l+asse +a+dryt to
gehyrenne. gif man +da ane boc r+at on anes geares
ymbryne. and +da o+dre on +dam +aftran geare;
<R 2.37>
On +ag+der +t+ara boca. sind feowertig cwyda buton +d+are
forespr+ace. ac hi ne sind na ealle of godspellum genumene.
ac sind forwel fela of godes halgena life o+d+de +trowunge
gegaderode. +t+ara anra +te angelcynn mid freolsdagum wur+da+d;
<R 2.41>
+atforan +alcum cwyde we setton +da swutelunge on leden. m+ag
swa +deah se +de wile +ta capitulas +after +d+are forespr+ace
geendebyrdian;
<R 2.43>
Nu bidde ic and halsige on godes naman gif hwa +das boc
awritan wylle. +t+at he hi geornlice gerihte. be +d+are bysne
+te l+as +de we +durh gymeleasum writerum geleahtrode beon;
<R 2.46>
Micel yfel de+d se +de leas writ buton he hit gerihte. swilce
he gebringe +da so+dan lare to leasum gedwylde;
<R 2.47>
For +di sceal gehwa gerihtl+acan +t+at +t+at he +ar to woge
gebigde. gif he on godes dome unscyldig beon wile;

<Q O3 XX PREF PRAELVS>
<N PREF LIVES>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B1.3.1^]
<P 4>
<R 1>
+ALFRIC GRET EADMODLICE +A+DELWERD EALDORMAN and ic secge +te
leof, +t+at ic h+abbe nu gegaderod on +tyssere bec +t+ara
halgena +trowunga +te me to onhagode on englisc to awendene,
for +tan +te +du leof swi+dost and +a+delm+ar swylcera gewrita
me b+adon, and of handum gel+ahton eowerne geleafan to
getrymmenne, mid +t+are gerecednysse, +te ge on eowrum
gereorde n+afdon +ar.
<R 7>
+tu wast leof +t+at we awendon on +tam twam +arrum bocum
+t+ara halgena +trowunga and lif, +te angelcynn mid
freolsdagum wur+ta+d.
<R 9>
Nu gewear+d us +t+at we +tas boc be +t+ara halgena +drowungum
and life, gedihton +te mynstermenn mid heora
+tenungum betwux him wur+dia+d.
<R 12>
Ne secge we nan +tincg niwes on +tissere gesetnysse, for+tan
+de hit stod gefyrn awriten on ledenbocum +teah +te +ta
l+awedan men +t+at nyston.
<P 6>
<R 15>
Nelle we eac mid leasungum +tyllic liccetan, for+tan +te
geleaffulle f+aderas and halige lareowas hit awriton on
ledenspr+ace, to langum gemynde, and to trymmincge
+tam towerdum mannum.
<R 19>
Sum witega clypode +turh +tone halgan gast and cw+a+d,
(\Mirabilis deus in sanctis suis, et cet\) : Wundorlic is god
on his halgum; he sylf forgif+d mihte and streng+de
his folce; gebletsod is he god.
<R 22>
We awrita+d fela wundra on +tissere bec, for+tan +te god is
wundorlic on his halgum swa swa we +ar s+adon, and his
halgena wundra wur+dia+d hine, for+tan +te he worhte
+ta wundra +turh hi.
<R 25>
An woruldcynincg h+af+d fela +tegna and mislice wicneras; he
ne m+ag beon wur+dful cynincg buton he h+abbe +ta ge+tinc+de
+te him gebyria+d, and swylce +teningmen, +te
+teawf+astnysse him gebeodon.
<R 29>
Swa is eac +tam +almihtigan gode +te ealle +tincg gesceop; him
geris+d +t+at he h+abbe halige +tenas +te his
willan gefylla+d, and +t+ara is fela on mannum anum +te he of
middanearde geceas, +t+at nan bocere ne m+ag +teah he mycel
cunne, heora naman awriten, for+tan +te hi nat nan man.
<R 35>
Hi synd ungeryme swa swa hit geris+d gode; ac we woldon
gesettan be sumum +tas boc, mannum to getrymminge and to munde
us sylfum, +t+at hi us +tingion to +tam +almihtigan gode, swa
swa we on worulde heora wundra cy+da+d.
<R 40>
Ic bidde nu on godes naman gif hwa +tas boc awritan wille,
+t+at he hi wel gerihte be +t+are bysne, and
+t+ar namare betwux ne sette +tonne we awendon.

<Q O3 XX PREF PRAEGR>
<N PREF GRAMMAR>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B1.9.1^]
<P 2>
<R 2.13>
 Ic +alfric wolde +tas lytlan boc awendan to engliscum
gereorde of +dam st+afcr+afte, +te is gehaten (\GRAMMATICA\) , 
sy+d+dan ic +da twa bec awende on hundeahtatigum
spellum, for+dan +de st+afcr+aft is seo c+ag, +de
+d+ara boca andgit unlic+d; and ic +tohte, +t+at +deos boc
mihte fremian iungum cildum to anginne +t+as cr+aftes, 
o+d+d+at hi to maran andgyte becumon.
<R 2.19>
+Alcum men gebyra+d, +te +anigne godne cr+aft h+af+d, +t+at he
+done do nytne o+drum mannum and bef+aste +t+at pund, 
+te him god bef+aste, sumum o+drum men, +t+at godes feoh
ne +atlicge and he beo ly+dre +teowa gehaten and 
beo gebunden and geworpen into +deostrum, swaswa +t+at
halige godspel seg+d.
<R 2.24>
iungum mannum gedafena+d, +t+at hi leornion sumne wisdom and
+dam ealdum 
<P 3>
gedafena+d, +t+at hi t+acon sum gerad 
heora iunglingum, for+dan +de +durh lare by+d se geleafa
gehealden.
<R 3.2>
and +alc man, +de wisdom lufa+d, by+d ges+alig, and, se +de
na+dor nele ne leornian ne t+acan, gif he m+ag, 
+tonne acola+d his andgyt fram +d+are halgan lare, and he
gewit swa lytlum and lytlum fram gode.
<R 3.6>
hwanon sceolon cuman wise lareowas on godes folce, buton hi on
iugo+de leornion?
<R 3.8>
and hu m+ag se geleafa beon for+dgenge, gif seo lar and +da
lareowas ateoria+d?
<R 3.9>
is nu for +di godes +teowum and mynstermannum georne to
warnigenne, +t+at seo halige lar on urum dagum 
ne acolige o+d+de ateorige, swaswa hit w+as gedon on
Angelcynne nu for anum feawum gearum, swa +t+at nan
englisc preost ne cu+de dihtan o+d+de asmeagean anne pistol
on leden, o+d+t+at Dunstan arcebisceop and A+delwold 
bisceop eft +ta lare on munuclifum ar+ardon.
<R 3.16>
ne cwe+de ic na for +di, +t+at +deos boc m+age micclum to lare
fremian, ac heo by+d swa +deah sum angyn to 
+ag+drum gereorde, gif heo hwam lica+d.
<R 3.20>
Ic bidde nu on godes naman, gyf hwa +das boc awritan wylle,
+t+at he hi gerihte wel be +d+are bysne; for+dan 
+de ic nah geweald, +teah hi hwa to woge gebringe +turh
lease writeras, and hit bi+d +donne his pleoh, na min.
<R 3.24>
micel yfel de+d se unwritere, gyf he nele his woh gerihtan.



<B COAEPREG>
<Q O3 IR PREF PRGEN>
<N PREF GENESIS>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  AELFRIC'S PREFACE TO GENESIS.
THE OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF THE HEPTATEUCH.
AELFRIC'S TREATISE ON THE OLD AND NEW
TESTAMENT AND HIS PREFACE TO GENESIS.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 160.
ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.
LONDON, 1969 (1922).
PP. 78.61 - 80.121^]

[^B8.1.7.1^]
<P 78>
 & syl+d us synna forgyfnysse +arest +durh w+ater
on +dam fulluhte & sy+d+dan +durh d+adbote; & gyf hwa
forsyh+d +da forgyfnysse, +de se Halga gast syl+d,
+donne bi+d his syn +afre unmiltsigendlic on ecnysse.
<R 64>
Eft seo halige +drynnys geswutelode on +disre bec, 
swa swa is on +dam worde, +de God cw+a+d: Uton 
wyrcean mannan to ure anlicnisse.
<R 66>
Mid +dam +de he cw+a+d: Uton wyrcean, is seo +drynnys
gebicnod; mid +dam +de he cw+a+d: to ure anlicnysse,
is seo so+de annys geswutelod.
<R 68>
He ne cw+a+d na menigfealdlice: to urum anlicnyssum, ac
anfealdlice: to ure anlicnysse.
<R 69>
Eft comon +dry englas to Abrahame, & he spr+ac to him eallum
+drym swa swa to anum.
<R 70>
Hu clypode Abeles blod to Gode buton swa swa +alces mannes
misd+ada wrega+d hine to Gode butan wordum?
<R 72>
Be +disum lytlan man m+ag understandan, hu deop seo boc is on
gastlicum andgyte, +deah +de heo mid 
<P 79>
leohtum wordum awriten sy.
<R 74>
Eft Iosep, +de w+as geseald to Egypta lande & he ahredde
+d+at folc wi+d +done miclan hunger, h+afde 
Cristes getacnunge, +de w+as geseald for us to cwale & us
ahredde fram +dam ecan hungre helle susle.
<R 77>
+d+at micele geteld, +de Moyses worhte mid wundorlicum
cr+afte on +dam westene, swa swa him God sylf 
gedihte, h+afde getacnunge Godes gela+dunge, +de he sylf
astealde +durh his apostolas mid menifealdum
fr+atewum & f+agerum +deawum.
<R 80>
To +dam weorce brohte +d+at folc gold & seolfor & deorwur+de
gimstanas & m+anifealde m+ar+da; sume eac 
brohton gateh+ar, swa swa seo +a bebead.
<R 83>
+t+at gold getacnode urne geleafan & ure gode ingehyd, +de we
Gode offrian sceolon; +d+at seolfor 
getacnode Godes spr+aca & +da halgan lare, +de we habban 
sceolon to Godes weorcum; +da gimstanas 
getacnodon mislice f+agernyssa on Godes mannum; +d+at gateh+ar
getacnode +da sti+dan d+adbote +d+ara manna, +de 
heora synna behreowsia+d.
<R 88>
Man offrode eac fela cynna orf Gode to lace binnan +dam
getelde; be +dam is swy+de m+anifeald 
getacnung, & w+as beboden +d+at se t+agl sceolde beon gehal 
+afre on +dam nytene +at +d+are offrungae, for +d+are 
getacnunge +d+at God wile +d+at we symble well don o+d ende
ures lifes; +donne bi+d se t+agl geoffrod on urum weorcum.
<R 93>
Nu is seo fores+ade boc on manegum stowum swy+de nearolice
gesett, & +deah swy+de deoplice on +dam 
gastlican andgyte; & heo is swa geendebyrd, swa swa God sylf hi
gedihte +dam writere Moyse, & we ne 
durron na mare awritan on Englisc +tonne +d+at Leden h+af+d, ne
+da endebyrdnysse awendan, buton +dam 
anum, +d+at +d+at Leden & +d+at Englisc nabba+d na ane wisan on
+d+are spr+ace fandunge: +afre se +de awent o+d+de
se +de t+ac+d of Ledene on Englisc, +afre he sceal gefadian
hit swa +d+at +d+at Englisc h+abbe his agene 
wisan, elles hit bi+d swy+de 
<P 80>
gedwolsum to r+adenne +dam +de +d+as Ledenes wise ne can.
<R 101>
Is eac to witene +d+at sume gedwolmen w+aron +de woldon
awurpan +da ealdan +a, & sume woldon habban +da
ealdan & awurpan +da niwan, swa +da Iudeiscean do+d; ac Crist
sylf & his apostolas us t+ahton +ag+der to
healdenne, +da ealdan gastlice & +da niwan so+dlice mid 
weorcum.
<R 105>
God gesceop us twa eagan & twa earan, twa nos+dyrlu, twegen
weleras, twa handa & twegen fet, & he
wolde eac habban twa gecy+dnyssa on +disre worulde gesett,
+da ealdan & +da niwan; for +dan +de he de+d 
swa swa hine sylfne gewyr+d, & he n+anne r+adboran n+af+d, ne
nan man ne +dearf him cwe+dan to, Hwi dest +du swa?
<R 110>
We sceolon awendan urne willan to his gesetnyssum, & we ne
magon gebigean his gesetnyssa on urum lustum.
<R 113>
   Ic cwe+de nu +d+at ic ne dearr ne ic nelle nane boc +after
+disre of Ledene on Englisc awendan; & ic 
bidde +de, leof ealdormann, +d+at +du me +d+as na leng ne
bidde, +di l+as +de ic beo +de ungehyrsum, o+d+de 
leas gyf ic do.
<R 116>
God +de sy milde a on ecnysse.
<R 117>
   Ic bidde nu on Godes naman, gyf hwa +das boc awritan wille,
+d+at he hi gerihte wel be +d+are bysne, 
for +dan +de ic nah geweald, +deah +de hi hwa [{to{] woge
gebringe +durh lease writeras, & hit bi+d +donne 
his pleoh na min: micel yfel de+d se unwritere, gyf he nele his
gewrit gerihtan.



<B COCHROA3>
<Q O3 NN HIST CHRONA3>
<N CHRON A LATE>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  CHRONICLE MS A LATE (O3).
TWO OF THE SAXON CHRONICLES PARALLEL,
VOL. I.
ED. C. PLUMMER.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1965 (1892).
PP. 112.6 - 132.29^]

[^THE TEXT BELOW CONTAINS LATER INTERPOLATIONS
GIVEN IN SMALL PRINT IN THE EDITION.^]

<P 112>
[^B17.1^]
<R 951.1>
Her for+tferde +alfheah Wintanceastres bisceop on Sancte
Gregories m+assed+ag.
<R 955.1>
Her for+tferde Eadred cining. on Sancte Clementes m+assed+ag
on Frome, & he rixsade teo+te healf gear; 
& +ta feng Eadwig to rice. Eadmundes sunu cinges.
<R 956.1>
& afl+amde Sancte Dunstan ut of lande.
<R 958.1>
Her for+dferde Eadwig cyng on (\Kalend+a Octobris\) . & Eadgar
his bro+dor feng to rice.
<R 959.1>
Her he s+ante efter Sancte Dunstane. & g+af him biscoprice on
Wigrac+astre, & +d+ar +after +t+at biscoprice on Lundene.
<P 114>
<R 961.1>
Her gewat Odo arcebiscop, & Sancte Dunstan feng to
arcebiscoprice.
<R 962.1>
Her for+dferde +alfgar cinges m+ag on Defenum, & his lic rest
on Wiltune. & Sigfer+d cyning hine offeoll, 
& his lic lig+d +at Wimburnan.
<R 962.3>
& +ta on geare w+as swi+de micel mancwealm, & se micela
manbryne w+as on Lundene, & Paules mynster forbarn. 
& +ty ilcan geare wear+d eft gesta+telad,
<R 962.7>
On +tys ilcan geare for A+telmod m+assepreost to Rome, & +t+ar
for+dferde (\xviii Kalend+a Septembris\) :
<R 963.1>
Her for+dferde Wulfstan diacon on Cilda m+assed+age, & +after
+ton for+dferde Gyric m+assepreost:
<R 963.3>
On +tys ilcan geare feng A+telwold abbod to +t+am bisceop
rice to Wintanceastre. & hine mon gehalgode 
(\IN UIGILIA Sancti Andree\) . w+as sunnan d+ag on d+ag:
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 116>
<R 964.1>
Her dr+afde Eadgar cyng +ta preostas on Ceastre of
Ealdanmynstre, & of Niwanmynstre. & of Ceortes ige. 
& of Middeltune. & sette hy mid munecan. & he sette
+a+telgar 
<P 118>
abbod to Niwanmynstre to abbode. & Ordbirht 
to Ceortes ige. & Cyneweard to Middeltune.
<R 971.1>
Her for+dferde Eadmund +a+deling. & his lic li+d +at Rumesige.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 122>
<R 978.1>
Her wear+d Eadweard cyning ofslegen.
On +tis ylcan feng +a+delred +a+deling his bro+dor to rice.
<P 124>
<R 983.1>
Her for+dferde +alfhere ealdorman.
<R 984.1>
Her for+dferde se wellwillenda bisceop A+delwold, & seo
halgung +t+as +after filgendan bisceopes +alfheages, 
se +de o+dran naman w+as geciged Godwine. w+as (\xiiii
kalend+a Novembris\) & he ges+at +tone bisceopstol 
an +tara twegra apostola d+age Simonis & Iud+a. on
Wintanceastre.
<P 126>
<R 993.1>
Her on +dissum geare com Unlaf mid +trim & hund.
nigentigon scipum to Stane, & forhergedon +t+at on ytan, & for
+da +danon to Sandwic, & swa +danon to Gipeswic, 
& +t+at eall ofereode, & swa to M+aldune;
& him +t+ar com togeanes Byrhtno+d ealdorman mid his fyrde, &
him wi+d gefeaht. & hy +tone ealdorman +t+ar
ofslogon, & w+alstowe geweald ahtan. & him man nam sy+d+dan
fri+d wi+d, & hine nam se cing sy+d+dan to bisceopes 
handa. +durh Sirices lare Cantware biscpes, &
+alfeages Winc+astre biscop.
<R 994.1>
Her for+dferde Sigeric arcebisceop. & feng +alfric Wiltunscire
bisceop to +dam arcebisceoprice.
<P 132>
<R 1001.1>
Her on +tysum geare w+as micel unfri+d on Angelcynnes londe
+turh sciphere, & welgehw+ar hergedon & [{b+arndon{] , 
swa +t+at hy upp asetton on +anne si+t +t+at hy coman
to +a+telingadene.
<R 1001.4>
& +ta com +t+ar togeanes Hamtunscir, & him wi+d gefuhton. &
+d+ar wear+d +a+telweard cinges heah gerefa ofslegen. 
& Leofric +at Hwitciricean, & Leofwine cinges
heahgerefa, & Wulfhere bisceopes +degn, & Godwine
+at Wor+dige, +alfsiges bisceopes sunu. & ealra manna an &
hundeahtatig.
<R 1001.9>
& +t+ar wear+d +tara Denescra micle ma ofslegenra. +teah +de
hie w+alstowe geweald ahtan.
<R 1001.11>
& foran +da +tanon west o+t +t+at hy coman to Defenan, & him
+t+ar togeanes com Pallig mid +tan scipan +de he 
gegaderian mihte, for+tam +te he asceacen w+as fram
+a+delrede cyncge ofer ealle +da getryw+da +de he him
geseald h+afde, & eac se cyng him wel gegifod h+afde on
hamon, & on golde & seolfre.
<R 1001.16>
& forb+arndon Tegntun, & eac fela o+dra godra hama +te we
genemnan ne cunnan, & heom man sy+d+dan +t+ar fri+d wi+d nam.
<R 1001.18>
& hy foran +ta +tanon to Exanmu+dan, swa +t+at hy asettan him
upp on +anne si+d o+d hy coman to Peonho, & +t+ar 
w+as Kola +d+as cyninges heahgerefa, & Eadsige +t+as
cynincges gerefa togeanes him mid +d+are fyrde +de 
hy gegaderian mihtan, & hy +d+ar aflymede wurdon, & +d+ar
wear+d fela ofslegenra, & +da Denescean ahtan w+alstowe 
geweald;
<R 1001.24>
& +d+as on mergen forb+arndon +tone ham +at Peonho, & +at
Glistune, & eac fela godra hama +te we genemnan 
na cunnan, & foran +da eft east ongean o+d hy coman to Wiht;
<R 1001.27>
& +t+as on mergen forb+arndon +done ham +at Wealtham. & o+dra
cotlifa fela. & heom man ra+te +t+as wi+d+tingode. 
& hy namon fri+d.



<B COOHTWU3>
<Q O2/3 NN HIST OHTHR3>
<N OHTHERE 3>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  OHTHERE AND WULFSTAN (MS G).
KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS, PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 79.
ED. H. SWEET.
LONDON, 1959 (1883).
PP. 18.3 - 21.17^]

<P 18>
[^B9.2.2^]
bi+d swi+de god to sciprapum.
<R 1.18.3>
Se hw+al bi+d micle l+assa +tonne o+dre hwalas: ne bi+d he
lengra +donne syfan elna lang.
<R 1.18.5>
Ac on his agnum lande is se betsta hw+alhunta+d: +ta beo+d
eahta and feowertiges elna lange, & +ta m+astan 
fiftiges elna lange.
<R 1.18.7>
+tara he s+ade +t+at he syxa sum ofsloge syxtig on twam dagum.
<R 1.18.8>
He w+as swy+de spedig man on +t+am +ahtum +te heora speda on
beo+d, +t+at is, on wildrum.
<R 1.18.9>
He h+afde +tagyt, +da he +tone cyningc sohte, tamra deora
unbebohtra syx hund.
<R 1.18.10>
+ta deor hi hata+d hranas; +tara w+aron syx st+alhranas; +da
beo+d swy+de dyre mid Finnum, for +d+am hy fo+d +ta 
wildan hranas mid.
<R 1.18.12>
He w+as mid +t+am fyrstum mannum on +t+am lande: n+afde he
+teah ma +donne twentig hry+dera, & twentig sceapa, 
& twentig swyna; & +t+at lytle +t+at he erede he erede mid
horsan.
<R 1.18.15>
Ac hyra ar is m+ast on +t+am gafole +te +da Finnas him
gylda+d.
<R 1.18.16>
+t+at gafol bi+d on deora fellum, & on fugela fe+derum, &
hwales bane, & on +t+am sciprapum, +te beo+d of hw+ales 
hyde geworht, & of seoles.
<R 1.18.19>
+aghwilc gylt be hys gebyrdum.
Se byrdesta sceall gyldan fiftyne mear+des fell, & fif hranes,
& an [{beren{] fel, & tyn ambra fe+dra, &
 berenne kyrtel o+d+de yterenne, & twegen sciprapas; +ag+ter
sy syxtig elna lang, o+ter sy of hw+ales hyde 
geworht, o+ter of sioles.
<R 1.18.24>
He s+ade +d+at Nor+dmanna land w+are swy+te lang & swy+de
sm+al.
<R 1.18.25>
Eal +t+at his man a+ter o+d+de ettan o+d+de erian m+ag +t+at
li+d wi+d +da s+a; & +t+at is +teah on sumum stowum swy+de 
cludig; & licga+d wilde moras wi+d eastan & wi+d uppon
emnlange +t+am bynum lande.
<R 1.18.28>
On +t+am morum eardia+d Finnas.
<R 1.18.29>
& +t+at byne land is easteweard bradost, & symle swa nor+dor
swa sm+alre.
<R 1.18.30>
Eastewerd hit m+ag bion syxtig mila brad, o+t+te hwene
[{bradre{] ; & middeweard +tritig o+d+de bradre; & nor+deweard 
he cw+a+d, +t+ar hit smalost w+are, +t+at hit mihte
beon +treora mila brad to +t+am more; & se mor sy+d+tan, 
on sumum stowum, swa brad swa man m+ag on twam wucum
oferferan; & on sumum stowum swa brad swa
 man m+ag on syx dagum ofer feran.
<P 19>
<R 1.19.1>
+Donne is toemnes +t+am lande su+deweardum, on o+dre healfe
+t+as mores, Sweoland, o+t +t+at land nor+deweard;
 7 toemnes +t+am lande nor+deweardum Cwena land.
<R 1.19.3>
+ta Cwenas hergia+d hwilum on +da Nor+dmen ofer +done mor,
hwilum +ta Nor+dmen on hy.
<R 1.19.5>
& +t+ar sint swi+de micle meras fersce geond +ta moras; &
bera+d +ta Cwenas hyra scypu ofer land on +da meras, 
& +tanon hergia+d on +da Nor+dmen; hy habba+d swy+de
lytle scypa & swy+de leohte.
<R 1.19.9>
Ohthere s+ade +t+at sio scir hatte Halgoland +te he on bude.
<R 1.19.10>
He cw+a+d +t+at nan man ne bude be nor+dan him.
+tonne is an port on su+deweardum +t+am lande, [{+tone{] man
h+at Sciringes heal.
<R 1.19.12>
+tyder he cw+a+d +t+at man mihte geseglian on anum mon+de, gyf
man on niht wicode, & +alce d+age h+afde ambyrne 
wind; & ealle +da hwile he sceal seglian be lande.
<R 1.19.14>
& on +t+at steorbord him bi+d +arest Iraland, & +tonne +da
igland +te synd betux Iralande & +tissum lande.
<R 1.19.16>
+tonne is +tis land o+d he cym+d to Scirincges heale, & ealne
weg on +t+at b+acbord Nor+dweg.
<R 1.19.18>
Wi+d su+dan +tone Sciringes heal fyl+d swy+de mycel s+a up in
on +d+at lond; seo is bradre +tonne +anig man ofer seon m+age.
<R 1.19.19>
& is Gotland on o+dre healfe ongean, & [{si+d+dan{] Sillende.
<R 1.19.20>
Seo s+a li+d m+anig hund mila up in on +t+at land.
<R 1.19.22>
& of Sciringes heale he cw+a+d +t+at he seglode on fif dagan
to +t+am porte +te mon h+at +at H+a+tum; se stent
 betuh Winedum, & Seaxum, & Angle, & hyr+d in on Dene.
<R 1.19.24>
+da he +tiderweard seglode fram Sciringes heale, +ta w+as him
on +t+at b+acbord Denamearc, & on +t+at steorbord 
wids+a +try dagas; & +ta, twegen dagas +ar he to H+a+tum
come, him w+as on +t+at steorbord Gotland, & Sillende, 
& iglanda fela.
<R 1.19.28>
On +t+am landum eardodon Engle, +ar hi hider on land coman.
<R 1.19.29>
& hym w+as +da twegen dagas on +d+at b+acbord +ta igland +te
in Denemearce hyra+d.
<R 1.19.32>
Wulfstan s+ade +t+at he gefore of H+a+dum, +t+at he w+are on
Truso on syfan dagum & nihtum, +t+at +t+at scip w+as 
ealne weg yrnende under segle.
<R 1.19.34>
Weono+dland him w+as on steorbord, & on b+acbord him w+as
Langaland, & L+aland, & Falster, & Sconeg; & +tas 
land eall hyra+d to Denemearcan.
<R 1.19.36>
& +tonne Burgenda land 
<P 20>
w+as us on b+acbord, & +ta habba+d him sylf cyning.
<R 1.20.1>
+tonne +after Burgenda lande w+aron us +tas land, +ta synd
hatene +arest Blecingaeg, & Meore, & Eowland, 
& Gotland on b+acbord; & +tas land hyra+d to Sweon.
<R 1.20.4>
& Weonodland w+as us ealne weg on steorbord o+d Wislemu+dan.
<R 1.20.5>
Seo Wisle is swy+de mycel ea, & hio toli+d Witland &
Weonodland; & +t+at Witland belimpe+d to Estum; & seo 
Wisle li+d ut of Weonodlande, & li+d in Estmere; & se
Estmere is huru fiftene mila brad.
<R 1.20.8>
+tonne cyme+d Ilfing eastan in Estmere of +d+am mere +de Truso
stande+d in sta+de, & cuma+d ut samod in Estmere, 
Ilfing eastan of Estlande, & Wisle su+dan of Winodlande,
& +tonne benim+d Wisle Ilfing hire naman, 
& lige+d of +t+am mere west & nor+d on s+a; for +dy hit man
h+at Wislemu+da.
<R 1.20.14>
+t+at Estland is swy+de mycel, & +t+ar bi+d swy+de manig burh,
& on +alcere byrig bi+d cyningc.
<R 1.20.15>
& +t+ar bi+d swy+de mycel hunig & fiscna+d; & se cyning & +ta
ricostan men drinca+d myran meolc, & +ta unspedigan 
& +ta +teowan drinca+d medo.
<R 1.20.17>
+t+ar bi+d swy+de mycel gewinn betweonan him.
<R 1.20.18>
& ne bi+d +d+ar n+anig ealo gebrowen mid Estum, ac +t+ar bi+d
medo genoh.
<R 1.20.19>
& +t+ar is mid Estum +deaw, +tonne +t+ar bi+d man dead, +t+at
he li+d inne unforb+arned mid his magum & freondum 
mona+d, ge hwilum twegen; & +ta kyningas, & +ta o+dre
heah+dungene men, swa micle lencg swa hi maran 
speda habba+d, hwilum healf gear +t+at hi beo+d unforb+arned,
& licga+d bufan eor+dan on hyra husum.
<R 1.20.24>
& ealle +ta hwile +te +t+at lic bi+d inne, +t+ar sceal beon
gedrync & plega, o+d +done d+ag +te hi hine forb+arna+d.
<R 1.20.26>
+tonne +ty ylcan d+age [{+te{] hi hine to +t+am ade beran
wylla+d, +tonne tod+ala+d hi his feoh, +t+at +t+ar to lafe
 bi+d +after +t+am gedrynce & +t+am plegan, on fif o+d+de syx,
hwylum on ma, swa swa +t+as feos andefn bi+d.
<R 1.20.30>
Alecga+d hit +donne forhw+aga on anre mile +tone m+astan d+al
fram +t+am tune, +tonne o+derne, +donne +t+ane +triddan, 
o+t +te hyt eall aled bi+d on +t+are anre mile; & sceall
beon se l+asta d+al nyhst +t+am tune +de se deada 
man on li+d.
<R 1.20.33>
+donne sceolon beon gesamnode ealle +da menn +de swyftoste
hors habba+d on +t+am lande, for hw+aga on fif 
milum o+d+de on syx milum fram +t+am feo.
<R 1.20.36>
+tonne +arna+d hy ealle toweard +t+am feo; +donne cyme+d se
<P 21>
man se +t+at [{swiftoste{] hors hafa+d to +t+am +arestan 
d+ale & to +t+am m+astan, & swa +alc +after o+drum, o+t hit
bi+d eall genumen; & se nim+d +tone l+astan d+al se 
nyhst +t+am tune +t+at feoh ge+arne+d.
<R 1.21.4>
& +tonne ride+d +alc hys weges mid +dan feo, & hyt motan
habban eall; & for +dy +t+ar beo+d +ta swiftan hors
 ungefoge dyre.
<R 1.21.6>
& +tonne hys gestreon beo+d +tus eall aspended, +tonne byr+d
man hine ut, & forb+arne+d mid his w+apnum & hr+agle.
<R 1.21.8>
& swi+dost ealle hys speda hy forspenda+d mid +tan langan
legere +t+as deadan mannes inne, & +t+as +te hy be 
+t+am wegum alecga+d, +te +da fremdan to +arna+d, & nima+d.
<R 1.21.10>
& +t+at is mid Estum +teaw +t+at +t+ar sceal +alces ge+deodes
man beon forb+arned; & gyf +tar man an ban finde+d 
unforb+arned, hi hit sceolan miclum gebetan.
<R 1.21.13>
& +t+ar is mid [{Estum{] an m+ag+d +t+at hi magon cyle
gewyrcan; & +ty +t+ar licga+d +ta deadan men swa lange & ne 
fulia+d, +t+at hy wyrca+d +tone cyle [{him{] on.
<R 1.21.15>
& +teah man asette twegen f+atels full eala+d o+d+de w+ateres,
hy gedo+d +t+at [{+ag+ter{] bi+d oferfroren, sam hit 
sy sumor sam winter.



<B COMARVEL>
<Q O2/3 NI GEO MARV>
<N MARVELS>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T GEOGRAPHY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  MARVELS.
THREE OLD ENGLISH PROSE TEXTS
IN MS. COTTON VITELLIUS A XV.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 161.
ED. S. RYPINS.
NEW YORK: KRAUS REPRINT CO., 1971 (1924).
PP. 51.1 - 67.19^]

[^B22.2^]
<P 51>
<R 1.1>
   Seo landbuend on fruman from antimolime +t+am lande, +t+as
landes is on gerime +t+as l+assan milget+ales 
+te (\stadio\) hatte fif hund, & +t+as miclan +te leones
hatte +treo hund & eahta & lx.
<R 1.7>
On +t+am ealande bi+d micel m+anegeo sceapa.
<R 1.8>
And +tanon is to babilonian +t+as l+assan milget+ales 
(\stadio\) hundteontig & eahta & lx, & +t+as miclan 
milget+ales +te leones hatte fiftyne & hundteontig.
<R 2.1>
Seo londbunis is swy+dust [{cepemonnum{] geseted, +t+ar
beo+d we+dras acenned on oxna micelnesse +ta 
bua+d o+d meda burh.
<R 2.6>
+t+are burge nama is archemedon.
<R 2.7>
Sio is m+ast to babilonia burh.
+tonon syndon +t+as l+assan milget+ales (\stadi\) ccc & 
+t+as maran +te leon hatte cc from archemedon.
<P 52>
<R 2.10>
+t+ar syndon +ta miclan m+ar+da +t+at syndon +ta weorc +te
se micla macedonisca alexsander het gewyrcan.
<R 2.12>
+t+at land is on lenge, & on br+ade cc +t+as l+assan
milget+ales (\stadi\) & +t+as miclan +te [{leones{] hatte 
c xxx & healf mil.
<R 3.1>
Sum stow is mon fere+d to +t+are readan s+a.
<R 3.2>
Seo is haten lentibelsinea, +t+am beo+d henna acenned
onlice +tonne +te mid us beo+d reades heowes.
<R 3.6>
Gif hi hwylc man niman wile o+t+te him [{o{] +athrine+d
+tonne forb+arna+d hy sona eal his lic.
<R 3.8>
+t+at syndon ungefr+agelicu liblac.
<R 4.1>
Eac +tonne +t+ar beo+d wildeor acenned.
<R 4.2>
+ta deor +tonne hy mannes stefne gehyra+d, +tonne fleo+d hy
feor.
<R 4.5>
+ta deor habba+d eahta fet, & w+alcyrian eagan, & twa heafdu.
<R 4.6>
Gif him hwylc mon onfon wille +tonne hiera lichoman 
<P 53>
+t+at hy on+ala+d.
<R 4.8>
+t+at syndon +ta ungefr+agelicu deor.
<R 5.1>
+teos stow hafa+d n+adran.
+ta n+adran habba+d twa heafdu, +tara eagan scina+d nihtes
swa leohte swa bl+acern.
<R 6.1>
On sumon lande eoselas beo+d acende +ta habba+d swa micle
hornas swa oxan.
<R 6.4>
+ta syndon on +t+are m+astan [{w+astene{] +t+at is on +ta
su+d healfe from babiloniam +ta bua+d to +t+am readan 
s+a, for +tara n+adrena m+anego +te in +t+am stowum beo+d
+ta hatton corsias.
<R 6.10>
+ta habba+d swa micle hornas swa we+deras.
<R 6.11>
Gif hy hwilcne man slea+d o+t+te a +athrine+d +tonne
swylte+d he sona.
<R 6.13>
On +tam landum bi+d pipores genihtsumnis.
<R 6.14>
+tone pipor healda+t +ta n+addran on heora 
<P 54>
[{geornnesse{] .
<R 6.15>
+tone pipor mon swa nime+d +t+at mon +ta stowe mid fyre
on+ale+d & +ta n+adran +tonne of dune on +ta eor+tan
+t+at fleo+d, for +ton se pipor bi+d sweart.
<R 6.18>
From babiloniam o+d persiam +ta burh +tar se pipor weaxe+d is
+t+as l+assan milgeteles +te (\stadia\) hatte eahta hund mila.
<R 6.20>
Of +t+am is geteald +t+as miclan milgeteles +te leones hatte
vi hund & xxiii, & an healf mil.
<R 6.22>
Seo stow is unw+astmberenlicu for +tara n+adrena m+anego.
<R 7.1>
Eac swylce +t+ar beo+d cende healfhundingas +ta syndon
hatene conopenas.
<R 7.3>
Hy habba+d horses mana & eoferes tuxas & hunda heafdu &
heora oro+d bi+d swylce fyres leg.
<R 7.7>
+tas land beo+d neah +t+am burgum +te beo+d eallum worldwelum
gefylled, +t+at is on +ta su+d healfe egyptana landes.
<R 8.1>
On sumon lande beo+d men acende +ta beo+d 
<P 55>
on lenge syx fotm+ala.
<R 8.2>
Hi habba+d beardas o+t cneow side & feax o+d helan.
<R 8.3>
Homodubii hy syndon hatene, +t+at beo+d twimen, & be hreawum
fixum hy lifia+d & +ta eta+t.
<R 9.1>
Capi hatte seo ea in +t+are ilcan stowe +te is haten
gorgoneus, +t+at is w+alkyrging.
<R 9.2>
+t+ar beo+d cende +ametan swa micle swa hundas.
<R 9.3>
Hy habba+t swelce [{fet{] swa gr+ashoppan, hy syndon reades
heowes & blaces heowes.
<R 9.5>
+ta +amettan delfa+d gold up of eor+tan from foran nihte o+d
+da fiftan tid d+ages.
<R 9.7>
+ta men +te to +ton dyrstige beo+d +t+at hi +t+at gold nimen
+tonne l+ada+d hy mid him olfendan meran mid 
hyra folan & stedan.
<R 9.9>
+ta folan hy ges+ala+d +ar hy ofer +ta ea faren.
<R 9.10>
+t+at gold hi [^RYPINS: hio^] gef+ata+d on +ta meran & hy 
sylfe onsitta+d & +ta stedan +t+ar forl+ata+d.
<R 9.12>
+tonne +ta +amettan hy onfinda+d & +ta hwile +te +ta +amettan
embe +tone stedan abysgode beo+d.
<R 9.14>
+tonne +ta men mid +tam meran & mid +tam golde ofer +ta ea
fare+d,
<R 9.16>
hy [^TORONTO CORPUS: fare+d. Hy^] beo+d swa hr+adlice ofer 
+t+are ea 
<P 56>
+t+at men wena+d +t+at hy fleogan.
<R 10.1>
Betwih +tysson twam ean is londbunis locotheo hatte, +t+at
is betwih nile & bryxontes geseted.
<R 10.3>
Seo nil is ealdor fullicra ea, & heo flowe+d of egypta lande.
<R 10.4>
And hi nemna+d +ta ea archoboleta +t+at is haten +t+at
micle w+ater.
<P 57>
<R 10.6>
On +tyssum [{stowum{] beo+d acende +ta miclan m+anego olfenda.
<R 11.1>
+d+ar beo+d cende men, hy beo+d fiftyne fota lange & hy
habba+d hwit lic & twa neb on anum heafde, 
fet & cneowu swy+de reade, & lange nosa & sweart feax.
<R 11.7>
+tonne hy cennan willa+d +tonne fara+d hy on scipum to
indeum, & +t+ar hyra gecynda in world bringa+t.
<R 12.1>
Ciconia in gallia hatte +t+at land +t+ar beo+d men acende
on [{+drys{] heowes, +tara heafdu beo+d gemonu 
swa leona heafdu, & hi beo+d xx fota lange & hy
habba+d micelne mu+d sw+a fon.
<R 12.8>
Gyf hwylcne monnan on +t+am landum ongita+d o+d+de geseo+t
<P 58>
o+d+de him hwilc man folgiende bi+d, +tonne feor 
hi [^RYPINS: +t+at hi^] fleo+d & blode hy sw+ata+d.
<R 12.11>
+tas beo+d men gewende.
<R 13.1>
Begeondan brixonte +t+are ea east +tonon beo+d men acende
lange & micle, +ta habba+d fet & sconcan 
xii fota lange, sidan mid breostum seofon fota lange.
<R 13.7>
Hostes hy synd nemned cu+tlice.
<R 13.9>
Swa hwylcne man swa hy gel+acca+d +tonne freta+d hi hyne.
<R 14.1>
+donne seondon wildeor +ta hatton lertices.
<R 14.3>
Hy habba+d eoseles earan & sceapes wulle & fugeles fet.
<R 15.1>
+tonne syndon o+tere ealond su+d from [{brixonte{] 
<P 59>
on +ton beo+d [{men{] buton heafdum.
<R 15.3>
+ta habba+d on hyra breostum heora eagan & mu+d.
<R 15.6>
Hy seondon eahta fota lange & eahta fota brade.
<R 16.1>
+dar beo+d [{dracan{] cende, +ta beo+d on lenge
[{hundteontiges{] fotm+ala lange & fiftiges.
<R 16.2>
Hy beo+d greate swa st+anene sweras micle.
<R 16.3>
For +tara dracena micelnesse ne m+ag nan manna y+telice on
+t+at land gefaran.
<R 17.1>
From +tisse stowe is o+der rice on +ta su+d healfe
garsegcges, +t+at is geteald +t+as l+assan milgeteles 
<P 60>
+te (\stadia\) hatte ccc & xxxiii, & +t+as miclan +te
leones hatte cc liii & an mil.
<R 17.7>
+t+ar beo+d cende homodubii +t+at beo+d [{twylice twimen{] Hy
habba+t o+d +done nafolan on menniscum gesceape
& sy+t+tan on eoseles gelicnesse & hy habba+d longe sconcan
swa fugelas & li+telice stefne.
<R 17.11>
Gif hy hwilcne man on +t+am landum ongyta+d o+d+de geseo+d
+tonne fleo+d hy feor.
<R 18.1>
+donne is o+ter stow elreordge men beo+d on, & +ta habba+d
cynigas under +tara is geteald c.
<R 18.5>
+t+at syndon +ta wyrstan men & +ta elreordegestan.
<R 18.6>
And +tar syndon twegen sea+tas, o+ter is sunnan o+ter monan.
<R 18.8>
Se sunnan sea+d se bi+d d+ages hat & nihtes ceald, & se monan
sea+d se bi+d nihtes hat & d+ages ceald.
<R 18.10>
Heora widnes is cc +t+as l+assan milgeteles (\stadia\) and
+t+as maran +te leones hatte cxxxiii & an healf mil.
<P 61>
<R 19.1>
On +tisse stowe beo+d treowcyn +ta beo+d lawernbeame &
eletreowum onlice.
<R 19.3>
Of +t+am treowum balzamum se deorweor+desta ele bi+d acenned.
<R 19.6>
Seo stow is +t+as l+assan milgeteles +te (\stadia\) hatte 
c li & +t+as miclan +te leones lii.
<R 20.1>
+donne is sum ealond in +t+are readan s+a, +t+ar is
mancyn +t+at is mid us donestre nemned, +ta syndon 
geweaxene swa [{frihteras{] fram +tam heafde o+d +done
nafolan, & se o+der d+al bi+d mennisce onlic.
<R 20.9>
And hy cunnon mennisce gereord.
<R 20.10>
+tonne hy fremdes cynnes mannan geseo+d, +tonne nemna+d hy
hyne & his magas cu+tra manna naman, & mid leaslicum 
<P 62>
wordum hy hine beswica+d, & hine gefo+d, &
+after +tan hy hine freta+d ealne buton +ton 
heafde & +tonne sitta+d & wepa+d ofer +tam heafde.
<R 21.1>
+donne is east +t+ar beo+d men acende +ta beo+d on w+astme
fiftyne fota lange & x brade.
<R 21.3>
Hy habba+d micel heafod & earan sw+a fon.
O+ter eare hy him on niht underbreda+d, & mid o+tran hy
wreo+d.
<R 21.7>
Him beo+d +ta earan swi+de leohte & hy beo+d swa on lichoman
swa hwite swa meolc.
<R 21.10>
Gyf hy hwilcne mannan on +t+am lande geseo+d o+d+te
ongyta+d, +tonne nyma+d hy hyra earan him on hand 
& fleo+d swy+de, swa hr+adlice swa is wen +t+at hy fleogen.
<R 22.1>
+donne is sum ealond on +t+am beo+d men acende +tara eagan
scina+t swa leohte swa man 
<P 63>
micel blacern onele +teostre nihte.
<R 23.1>
+donne is sum ealond +t+at is +t+as l+assan milgeteles +te
(\stadia\) hatte on lenge & on br+ade ccc & lx,
& +t+as miclan +te leones hatte cx.
<R 23.6>
+t+ar w+as getymbro on beles dagum & iobes temple of isernum
geworcum & of gl+asgegotum.
<R 23.8>
And on +t+are ilcan stowe is +at sunnan upgange setl
quietus +t+as stillestan bisceopes se n+anine 
o+terne mete ne +tige buton s+a ostrum & be +tam he
lifede.
<R 24.1>
+donne is gylden wingeard +at sunnan upgonge se hafa+d
bergean hundteontiges fotm+ala 
<P 64>
& fiftiges.
<R 24.3>
Of +t+am bergean beo+d cende saragimmas.
<R 25.1>
+donne is o+ter rice on babilonia landum +t+ar is seo
m+aste dun betwih meda dune & armoenia.
<R 25.4>
Seo is ealra duna m+ast & hyhst.
<R 25.6>
[{+t+ar syndon gedefelice menn +ta habba+d him{] 
to cynedome +tone readan s+a & to anwalde.
<R 25.8>
+t+ar beo+d cende [{sarogimmas{] .
<R 26.1>
Ymb +tas stowe beo+d wif acenned, +ta habba+d beardas swa
side o+d hyra breost, & horses hyda hy habba+d 
him to hr+agle gedon.
<R 26.3>
[{+ta{] [{syndan{] hundic[{gean{] swi+dast nemde, &
[{fore{] [{hundum{] tigras & leon 
<P 65>
& loxas +t+at hy feda+d +t+at syndon +ta cenestan deor.
<R 26.7>
And ealra +tara wildeora cyn +te on +t+are dune acende
beo+d mid heora scin +t+at hy [{gehuntia+t{] 
[^MS: to huntia+t^] .
<R 27.1>
+donne syndan o+tere wif +ta habba+d eoferes tuxas & feax
o+d helan side, & oxan t+agl on lendunum.
<R 27.5>
+ta wif syndon +tryttyne fota lange & hyra lic bi+d on
marmorstanes hiwnesse.
<R 27.8>
And hy habba+d olfendan fet & eoseles te+d.
<R 27.9>
Of hyra micelnesse hy gefylde w+aron from +t+am miclan
macedoniscan alexandre.
<P 66>
<R 27.14>
+ta cwealde he hy +ta he hy lifiende oferfon ne mehte, for
+ton hy syndon +awisce on lichoman & unweor+te.
<R 28.1>
Be +t+am garsecge [{is{] wildeora cyn +ta hatton catinos
+t+ar syndon freawliti deor.
<R 28.4>
And +t+ar syndon men +te be hreawum fl+asce, & be hunie
hy lifia+d.
<R 29.1>
On +t+am wynstran d+ale +t+as rices +te +ta deor on beo+d
catinos, & +t+ar beo+d g+astli+tende men, cyningas 
+ta habba+t under monigfealde leod hatan.
<R 29.6>
Heora landgem+ara bua+t neah +t+am garsecge.
<R 29.9>
+tanon fr+am +t+am wynstran d+ale syndon fela cyninga.
<P 67>
<R 30.1>
+dis mancyn [{lyfa+d{] fela geara, & hy syndon fremfulle men.
<R 30.3>
Gif hwilc mon him to cym+d +ton gifa+d hy him wif +ar hy
hine onweg l+aten.
<R 30.7>
Se macedonisca alexander +ta he him to com, +ta w+as he
wundrende [^RYPINS: wundriende^] hyra menniscnesse, ne 
wolde he hi cwellan ne him nan la+d [{don{] .
<R 31.1>
+donne syndon treowcyn on +t+am +ta deorwyr+tystan stanas
synd of acende, +tonon hy growa+d.
<R 32.1>
+d+ar moncyn is seondon sweartes hyiwes on onsyne, +ta
mon hate+d sigelwara.



<B COALEX>
<Q O2/3 NI TRAV ALEX>
<N ALEXANDER LETTER>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/A>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  ALEXANDER'S LETTER.
THREE OLD ENGLISH PROSE TEXTS
IN MS. COTTON VITELLIUS A XV.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 161.
ED. S. RYPINS.
NEW YORK: KRAUS REPRINT CO., 1971 (1924).
PP. 1.1 - 50.6^]

[^B22.1^]
<P 1>
<R 1>
   Her is seo gesegenis alexandres epistoles +t+as miclan
kyninges & +t+as m+aran macedoniscan +tone he 
wrat & sende to aristotile his magistre be gesetenisse
indie +t+are miclan +teode, & be +t+are widgalnisse 
his si+dfato [^RYPINS: si+dfata^] & his fora, +te he geond
middangeard ferde.
<R 8>
Cw+a+t he +tus sona +arest in fruman +t+as epistoles.
<R 9>
Simle ic beo gemindig, ge efne betweoh tweondan frecennisse
ura gefeohta, +tu min se leofesta lareow 
& efne to minre meder & geswystrum +tu me eart se
leofesta freond.
<R 13>
Ond for +ton +te ic +te wiste wel getydne in wisdome, +ta
ge+tohte ic for +ton to +te to writanne be
+t+am +teodlonde indie, & be heofenes gesetenissum & be
+t+am unarimdum cynnum n+adrena, & monna, &
wildeora, to +ton +t+at hw+athwygo to +t+are ongietenisse
+tissa minra +tinga +tin gelis & glengista ge+teode.
<R 20>
+teah [^RYPINS: +teoh^]
<P 2>
to +te seo gefylde gleawnis & snyttro n+aniges
fultumes ab+ade+d sio lar +t+as rihtes hw+a+tere
ic wolde +t+at +tu mine d+ade ongeate, +ta +tu lufast & +ta
+ting +te ungesewene mid +te siond, +ta ic in
indie geseah +turh monigfeald gewin & +turh micle
frecennisse mid greca herige.
<R 26>
+ta ic +te write & cy+te, & +aghwylc +tara is wyr+de
synderlice in gemyndum to habbanne +after +t+are wisan 
+te ic hit oferseah.
<R 29>
Ne gelyfde ic +aniges monnes gesegenum swa fela wundorlicra
+tinga +t+at hit swa beon mihte +ar ic hit 
self minum eagum ne gesawe.
<R 32>
Seo eor+de is to wundrienne hw+at heo +arest o+t+te godra
+tinga cenne, o+d+de eft +tara yfelra, +te heo
+t+am sceawigendum is +ateowed.
<R 35>
Hio is cennende +ta fulcu+tan & wecga oran, & wunderlice
wyhta, +ta +ting eall +t+am monnum +te hit geseo+d 
& sceawiga+d w+aron une+te to gewitanne for +t+are
missenlicnisse +tara hiowa.
<R 39>
Ac +ta +ding +te me nu in gemynd cuma+d +arest +ta ic +te
write, +ty l+as on me m+age idel spellung 
<P 3>
o+t+te scondlic leasung beon gest+aled.
<R 41>
Hw+at +tu eac sylfa const +ta gecynd mines modes mec a
gewunelice healdon +t+at gemerce so+des & rihtes.
<R 44>
Ond ic sperlicor mid wordum s+agde +tonne hie mid d+adum
gedon w+arun.
<R 45>
Nu ic hw+a+tre gehyhte & gelyfe +t+at +tu +tas +ting ongete
swa +tu me ne talige owiht gelpan & secgan be 
+t+are micelnisse ures gewinnes & compes.
<R 48>
For +don ic oft wiscte & wolde +t+at hyra l+as w+are swa
gewinfulra.
<R 49>
Ic +d+as +toncunge do greca herige & swy+dost +t+am
m+agene +t+are iugu+te & +t+am unforswy+tdum urum weorode, 
for +ton on ie+tum +tingum hie me mid w+aron & on +t+am
earfe+dum no from bugon.
<R 54>
Ac hie on +t+are ge+tylde mid me a wunedon +t+at ic w+as
nemned ealra kyninga kyning.
<R 56>
+tara weor+dmynta blissa +tu min se leofa lareow.
<R 57>
Ond ic nu +tas +ting write to +te gem+anelice & to olimphiade
minre meder & minum geswustrum for +ton 
incer lufu sceal beon somod gem+ane.
<R 60>
And gif hit 
<P 4>
o+tor bi+d, +tonne +ateawest +tu l+asson +tonne
ic nu +ar to +te gelyfde.
<R 62>
On +t+am +arrum gewritum +te ic +te sende, ic +te cy+tde &
getacnode be +t+are asprungnisse sunnan & monan 
& be tungla rynum & gesetenissum & be lyfte tacnungum.
<R 66>
+ta +ding eall ne magon elcor beon buton micelre gemynde swa
geendebyrded, & forestihtod.
<R 68>
Ond nu +tas niwan spel ic +te ealle in cartan awrite.
<R 69>
+donne +tu hie r+ade, +tonne wite +tu +t+at hie ealle swylce
w+aron, Swa +tam gemyndum gedafenode +tines 
alexandres +te to sendanne.
<R 72>
On maius +t+am mon+te persea se kyning dariun +at gande
+t+are ea we hine oforcwomon, & oferswy+ddon, 
& us +t+ar in onweald geslogon eal his londrice.
<R 75>
Ond we +t+ar settan & geendebyrdedon ure gerefan +t+am
east+teodum & monegum cynelicum weor+dmyndum
we w+aron gewelgode.
<R 78>
On +t+am +arron epistole ic +te +t+at s+agde, & +ty l+as
+t+at eow seo s+agen monifealdlicor bi +ton +tuhte 
<P 5>
to writanne, ic +ta wille swa l+atan, & +ta secgon +te nu
+d+ar gewurdon.
<R 82>
On iulius mon+de on +t+am ytemestum dagum +t+as mon+des we
cwomon in indie lond in fasiacen +ta stowe.
<R 84>
Ond we +ta mid wunderlicre hre+dnisse porrum +tone cyning
ofercwomon & oferswy+ddon.
<R 86>
Ond we ealle his +teode on onwald onfengon, & +t+am londe we
w+aron monegum cynelicum weolum geweor+dode.
<R 89>
Ac ic wolde +t+at +tu +ta +ding ongeate +ta +de weor+de
sindon in gemyndum to habbanne.
<R 90>
+arest ic +te write be +t+are unarimedlican mengeo his
weoredes, +t+as w+as buton unarimedlican fe+tum,
sixtene +tusend monna & eahta hund eored manna ealle mid
heregeatwum gegerede.
<R 95>
And we +ta +t+ar genoman feower hund elpenda, & on +tam
ufan stodon gew+apnode scyttan, & +ta torras 
& +ta scylfas on him b+aron +ta elpendas +te +da byrnwigon
onstodan.
<R 99>
+after +ton we +da cynelican burh porres mid urum w+apnum in
eodon.
<R 100>
<P 6>
Ond his healle & +ta cynelican geseto his sceawedon.
<R 101>
+t+ar [^RYPINS: +tar^] w+aron gyldene columnan swi+de micle &
trumlice & f+aste, +da w+aron unmetlice greate [{heanisse{] 
upp, +dara w+as +te we gerimdon be +t+am gemete cccc.
<R 105>
+ta wagas w+aron eac gyldne mid gyldnum +telum an+aglede
fingres +ticce.
<R 107>
Mid +ty ic +da wolde geornlicor +ta +ting geseon & fur+dor
eode +ta geseah ic gyldenne wingeard trumlicne 
& f+astlicne, & +ta twigo his hongodon geond +ta
columnan.
<R 111>
+da wundrode ic +t+as swi+de.
W+aron in +t+am wingearde gyldenu leaf & his hon & his
w+astmas w+aron cristallum & smaragdus, eac +t+at 
gimcyn mid +t+am cristallum ingemong hongode.
<R 115>
His brydburas & his heahcleofan ealle w+aron eorcnanstanum
unionibus & carbunculis +t+am gimcynnum 
swi+dast gefr+atwode.
<R 118>
Uton hie w+aron elpendbanum geworhte +ta w+aron wunderlice
hwite & f+agere & cypressus styde & laurisce 
<P 7>
hie utan wre+tedon, & gyldne sty+teo.
<R 122>
Hie uton wre+tedon & a+trawene +d+ar [^RYPINS: +dar^] 
ingemong stodon, & unarimedlicu goldhord +t+ar w+aron 
inne & ute & monifealdlicu hie w+aron & missenlicra cynna.
<R 125>
And monig fatu gimmiscu & cristallisce dryncfatu & gyldne
sestras +d+ar w+aron for+d borenne.
<R 128>
seldon we +t+ar +anig seolfor fundon.
<R 129>
Si+d+tan ic +ta me h+afde +tas +ting eall be gewealdum, +ta
wilnode ic indeum innanwearde to geseonne.
<R 131>
+da becwom ic on caspiam +t+at lond mid ealle mine herige.
<R 133>
+ta w+as +d+ar seo w+astmberendeste eor+te +d+as +teodlondes.
<R 134>
And ic swi+de wundrade +ta ges+alignesse +t+are eor+dan & ic
swi+de wundrade +ta ges+alignesse +t+are eor+dan 
& ic efne gefeonde in minum mode geornlicor +da lond
sceawigean wolde.
<R 138>
+ta s+agdon us +da bigengean +t+as londes +t+at we us
warnigan scoldon wi+d +ta missenlican 
<P 8>
cynd n+adrena & hrifra wildeora +ty l+as we on +da becwomon.
<R 142>
+t+ara m+anego in +dissum dunum & denum & on wudum, & on
feldum eardigea+d & in stanholum hie selfe diglia+d.
<R 144>
Ac hw+a+tre ma ic wolde +t+am frecnan wege & si+dfatum
foeran +donne +t+am gehyldrum wegum, to +don +t+at
+done fleondon porrum of +t+am gefeohte +t+at ic hine
gemette +ar he on +ta westenu middangeardes gefluge.
<R 149>
Ic me +da mid genom cc lad+teowa & eac l +te +da
genran wegas cu+dan +tara si+dfato.
<R 151>
+da ferde we in agustes mon+te +turh +ta weallendan sond, &
+turh +ta w+adlan stowe w+atres & +alcere w+atan.
<R 153>
And ic mede gehet +t+am us cu+tlice gel+addon +turh +ta
uncu+dan land indie & mec wolde mid mine herige 
onsund gel+adon in patriacen +t+at lond.
<R 157>
And swi+dast ic wilnade +t+at hie me gel+addon to +t+am
dioglum godwebwyrhtum, +da +tonne wunderlice of 
sunnan treowcynne & of his leafum & of his flyse, +t+as
<P 9>
treowes spunnon & swa eac to godewebbe w+afon & worhtan.
<R 162>
Ac hie +ta londliode tiolodon ma ussa feonda willan to
gefremmanne +tonne urne, for +ton +te hie us 
gel+addon +turh +ta lond +te +ta unarefnedlican cyn
n+adrena & hrifra wildeora in w+aron.
<R 166>
+da ongeat ic selfa & geseah of d+ale +t+at me +ta earfe+du
becwoman.
<R 168>
For +ton ic +ar forlet & ne gymde +tara nytlicra ge+teahta
minra freonda & +tara monna +te me +t+at logon 
+t+at ic +t+am wegum ferde.
<R 171>
+da bebead ic minum +tegnum & hie het +t+at hie hie mid
heora w+apnum gereden, & mid +ty herige for+d ferdon.
<R 173>
And hie eac swylce +t+at min weorod & +ta mine +tegnas & eal
min here goldes & eorcnanstana +t+at hie
gehergad, & genumen h+afdon micel gemet mid him w+agon &
l+addon.
<R 177>
For +ton hie wendon & ondredon gif hie hit behindon forleton
+t+at hiora fynd hit +tonne deagollice 
genomon & onweg aleddon.
<R 180>
Ond efne swi+de +ta mine +tegnas 
<P 10>
& eal min weorod w+as
gewelgod +t+at hie une+de ealle +ta byr+dene +t+as goldes 
mid him aberan & al+adan meahton.
<R 183>
Swelce eac heora w+apena noht lytel byr+den w+as for +ton
eal heora w+apenu +t+ara minra +tegna & ealles 
mines weoredes & heriges ic hie mid gyldenum +telum
bewyrcean.
<R 187>
Ond eall min weorod w+as on +ta gelicnesse tungles o+d+de
ligite for +t+are micelnisse +t+as goldes.
<R 190>
Hit scan & berhte, foran swa ymb me uton mid +trymme &
herebeacen & segnas beforan me l+addon.
<R 192>
Ond swa micel wundor & w+afersien w+as +t+as mines weoredes
on f+agernisse ofer ealle o+tre +teodkyningas 
+te in middangearde w+aron.
<R 195>
+da sceawede ic seolfa & geseah mine ges+alinesse & min
wuldor & +ta fromnisse minre iugu+de & ges+alignisse 
mines lifes, +ta w+as ic hw+athwugo in gefean in
minum mode ahafen.
<R 200>
ac swa hit oft ges+ale+d on +t+am 
<P 11>
selran +tingum & on +t+am
gesundrum, +t+at seo wyrd & sio hiow hie oft 
oncyrre+d & on o+ter hworfe+d, +ta gelomp us +t+at we
wurdon earfo+dlice mid +turste geswencte & gew+acte.
<R 205>
+done +turst we +tonne earfo+dlice ab+aron & ar+afndon, +ta
w+as haten seferus min +tegn funde +ta w+ater in
anum holan stane & +ta mid ane helme hlod hit & me to brohte.
<R 209>
And he sylfa +tursti w+as se min +tegn, & hw+a+tre he
swi+dor mines feores & gesynto wilnade +tonne his selfes.
<R 211>
+ta he +ta +t+at w+ater me to brohte swa ic +ar s+agde +ta
het ic min weorod & ealle mine dugu+te tosomne, 
& hit +ta beforan heora ealra onsyne ni+der ageat, +ty
l+as ic drunce & +tone minne +tegn +tyrste &
minne here & ealne +te mid me w+as.
<R 217>
Ond ic +ta beforan him eallum herede seferes d+ade +t+as
mines +tegnes, & hine beforan hiora ealra 
onsione mid deorweor+dum 
<P 12>
gyfum gegeafede for +d+are d+ade.
<R 221>
Ond +ta mid +ty +te +t+at min werod gehyrted & gestilled
w+as, +ta ferdon we for+d +ty wege +te we +ar ongunnon 
+da n+as long to +ton in +t+am westenne +t+at we to sumre
ea cwoman.
<R 225>
On +t+are ea ofre stod hreod & pintreow & abies +t+at
treowcyn ungemetlicre gryto & micelnysse +ty clyfe 
weox & wridode.
<R 228>
+ta we to +t+are ea cwoman, +da het ic for +d+am
unarefnedlican +turste +te me selfum getenge w+as & eac 
eallum minum herige & +t+am nytenum +te us mid w+aron mine
fyrd restan & wician.
<R 232>
Mid +ty we +da gewicod h+afdon +da wolde ic minne +turst
lehtan & celan.
<R 233>
+ta ic +t+at w+ater bergde +da w+as hit biterre & grimre to
drincanne +tonne ic +afre +anig o+der bergde.
<R 235>
And now+ter ne hit se mon drincan meahte ne his +anig neat
onbitan ne meahte.
<R 237>
+ta w+as ic swi+de on minum mode generwed for +d+am dumbum
nytenum, for +ton ic wiste +t+at men y+telicor 
meahton +tone +turst arefnan +tonne +ta 
<P 13>
nietenu.
<R 241>
W+as +t+ara fe+derfota nietena micel m+anigeo mid me & micel
m+anigeo elpenda +ta +te gold w+agon & l+addon 
ungemetlicre micelnisse +dusend, & twa +tusenda horsa &
cccc buton +t+am eoreda, & xx +tusenda 
fe+tena.
<R 246>
+tonne w+as +tridde healf +tusend mula +de +ta seamas
w+agon, & xxx +tusenda ealfarena & oxna +ta +de hw+ate 
b+aron, twa +tusenda olfenda, fif hund hry+dra +tara
+te mon d+aghwamlice to mete dyde.
<R 250>
W+as unrim get+al eac +ton on horsum & on mulum & on
olfendum & on elpendum ungemetlicu m+angeo us 
+after ferde.
<R 253>
Ealle +ta w+aron mid unarefnedlice +turste geswencte &
gew+acte.
<R 255>
+da men +tonne hwilum hie +ta iren geloman liccodan hwilum
hie ele byrgdon & on +ton +tone grimman +turst 
celdon.
<R 258>
Sume men +donne of hiora scome +ta w+atan for +t+am nyde
+tigdon.
<R 259>
Seo wise w+as +ta [{in me{] on twa healfa une+te 
<P 14>
[\SPACE FOR TWO CHARACTERS\] +arest be minre seolfre 
ned+tearfe, & mines weorodes.
<R 262>
Het ic +ta +alcne mon hine mid his w+apnum gegerwan, & faran
for+d & +t+at eac f+astlice bebead +d+at se 
mon se ne w+are mid his w+apnum +after fyrd wison gegered,
+t+at hine mon scolde mid w+apnum acwellan.
<R 266>
+da wundredon hie swi+de for hwon hie +ta hefignesse &
micelnisse +dara w+apna in swa miclum +turste 
beran scoldon +t+ar n+anig feond ne +ateowde.
<R 270>
Ac ic wiste hw+a+tre +t+at ure for & si+df+at w+as +turh +ta
lond & stowe +te missenlicra cynna eardung in 
w+as, n+adrena & rifra wildeora.
<R 273>
Ond we we +de +t+as londes ungleawe & unwise w+aron, +t+at
usic +donne semninga hwelc earfe+do on becwome.
<R 275>
Ferdon we +ta for+d be +t+are ea ofre, +da w+as seo eato+de
tid d+ages.
<R 277>
+ta cwoman we to sumre byrig, seo burh w+as on midre +t+are
ea in anum eglonde getimbred.
<R 279>
W+as seo burh mid +ty hreode & treowcynne +te on +t+are 
<P 15>
ea ofre weox & we +ar biwriton & s+agdon asett & geworht.
<R 282>
+da gesawon we in +t+are byrig & ongeaton mennisce men fea
healf nacode eardigende.
<R 284>
+da hie +ta us gesawon hie selfe sona in heora husum
deagollice hie mi+tan. +da wilnade ic +tara monna 
onsyne to geseonne, +t+at hie us fersc w+ater & swete
get+ahton.
<R 287>
Mid +ty we +da longe bidon & us n+anig mon to wolde +ta
het ic fea str+ala sendan in +ta burh innan, 
to +ton gif hie hiera willum us to noldon +t+at hie for
+t+am ege +t+as gefeohtes nede scoldon.
<R 292>
+da w+aron hie +ty swy+dor afyrhte & hie f+astor hyddan.
<R 293>
+ta het ic cc minra +tegna of greca herige leohtum
w+apnum hie gegyrwan, & hie on sunde to +t+are 
byrig foron & swumman ofer +after +t+are ea to +t+am
eglande.
<R 297>
+ta hie +da h+afdon feor+dan d+al +t+are ea geswummen, +da
becwom sum ongrislic wise on hie.
<R 299>
+t+at w+as +tonne nicra mengeo on onsione maran & unhyrlicran 
<P 16>
+tonne +da elpendas in +done grund +t+are
ea & betweoh +da y+da +t+as w+ateres +ta men besencte & mid
heora mu+de hie sliton & blodgodon & hie ealle 
swa fornamon, +t+at ure n+anig wiste hw+ar hiora +ani cwom.
<R 306>
+da w+as ic swi+de yrre +t+am minum lad+teowum, +ta us on
swylce frecennissa gel+addon.
<R 308>
Het hiera +da bescufan in +ta ea l & c & sona +t+as
+de hie inne w+aron, swa w+aron +ta nicoras gearwe 
tobrudon hie swa hie +ta o+dre +ar dydon, & swa +ticce
hie in +t+are ea aweollon swa +amettan +da nicras, 
& swilc unrim heora w+as.
<R 313>
+ta het ic blawan mine byman & +ta fyrd faran.
<R 315>
+ta hit +da w+as sio endlefte tid d+ages & we for+d ferdon.
<R 316>
+da gesawon we men +after +t+are ea feran, h+afdon of +t+am
hreode & of +t+am treowcynne +te in +d+are ea ofre 
stodon on scipwisan geworht +t+at hie onufan s+aton.
<R 320>
+ta men 
<P 17>
mid +ty we +after ferscum w+atre hie frunon, +ta
onswaredon hie us & s+adon hw+ar we hit findan 
mehton in hiora gereorde & cw+adon +t+at we fundon sumne
swi+de micelne mere in +t+am w+are fersc w+ater 
& swete genog, & +t+at we genog ra+de to +t+am
becwoman gif we geornfulle w+aron.
<R 327>
And +ta for +t+am +tingum swa monigra geswencnissa +t+at we
ealle +ta niht ferdon mid +turste gew+acte 
& mid ura w+apna byr+tenum swi+de geswencte.
<R 331>
And ofer ealle +ta niht +de we ferdon +t+at us symle leon &
beran & tigris & pardus & wulfas ure ehtan, 
& we +t+am wi+dstodon.
<R 333>
+ta +dy +aftran d+age +da hit w+as seo eahto+de tid
d+ages, +ta cwomon we to +t+am mere +de us mon +ar fores+ade.
<R 336>
+ta w+as he eall mid wudu beweaxen mile br+ado, w+as
hw+a+tre weg to +d+am w+atre.
<R 338>
+da w+as ic gefeonde +t+as swetan w+atres & +t+as ferscan &
+ta sona minne +turst +arest gelehte 
<P 18>
& +ta eal
min weored, +da het ic w+atrian sona ure hors & ure nieteno
eall w+aron hie swi+de mid +turste fornumene 
+da het ic sio+d+dan sona +ta fyrd wician.
<R 344>
W+as seo wicstow +da on lengo xxes furlonga long, &
swa eac in br+ado.
<R 346>
Sio+d+tan hie +ta gewicod h+afdon, +ta het ic ceorfan +da
bearwas & +tone wudu fyllan +t+at monnum w+are 
+ty e+tre to +t+am w+aterscipe to ganganne, & to +t+am
mere +te we bi gewicod h+afdon.
<R 351>
+ta het ic +da gesamnian eall +ta ure hors & nietenu &
elpendas & hie het gebringan on middum +t+am urum 
wicum, & betwih +t+am geteldum, +ty l+as hiora +anig to
lore wurde, for +ton us w+as uncu+d hw+at us
on nihtlicum fyrste ges+alde.
<R 356>
And +ta het ic eac of +t+am wudo +te +d+ar gefylled w+as
+t+at mon fyr on+alde, sio fyrd +te mid me w+as 
+ta didon hie swa.
<R 359>
And +ta +d+ar on+aldon +tusend fyra & eac fif hund, for +ton 
<P 19>
ic +t+at dyde gif us on niht uncu+des hw+at 
on becwome +t+at we h+afdon +at +t+am fyre leoht & fullaste.
<R 363>
+ta we +tara fyra h+afdon on+aled swa fela swa us +ta +duhte,
+ta bleow man mine byman & ic mete +tigde
& eall min fyrd swa dyde.
<R 366>
W+as hit +ta an tid to +afenes, & +ta het ic onb+arnan +dara
gyldenra leohtfato +te ic mid me h+afde twa +tusendo.
<R 369>
+da toforan monan upgonge +ta cwomon +t+ar scorpiones +t+at
wyrmcyn swa hie +ar gewunelice w+aron +t+as w+atersciepes.
<R 372>
W+as +t+ara wyrma micel m+anegeo & heora w+as unrim & hie
swi+de on +ta ure wic onetton & in +ta feollon.
<R 374>
+da +after +ton cwoman +t+ar hornede n+adran carastis +t+at
n+adercyn.
<R 376>
+ta w+aron ealle missenlices hiwes, for +ton hie w+aron sume
reode, sume blace, sume hwite.
<R 378>
Sumum +tonne scinan +ta scilla & lixtan swylce hie w+aron
gyldne +tonne mon onlocode.
<P 20>
<R 381>
eall +t+at lond hleo+drade for +tara wyrma hwistlunge, & us
eac noht lytel ege from him w+as.
<R 383>
Ac we +ta mid scyldum us scyldan, & eac mid longsceaftum
sperum hie slogan & cwealdon monige eac in fyre forburnon.
<R 385>
+tas +ding we +tus drugon +t+at we swa wi+d +tam wyrmum
fuhtan & wunnan huru twa tida +t+are nihte.
<R 388>
Sio+d+tan hie +ta wyrmas h+afdon ondruncen +t+as w+atres +ta
gewiton hie +tonon, & ure no ne ehton.
<R 390>
+da w+as seo +tridde tid +t+are nihte, +ta wolde we us
gerestan, +ta cwoman +t+ar n+adran eft wunderlicran 
+tonne +da o+tre w+aron & egeslicran.
<R 393>
+ta h+afdon tu heafdo & eac sume h+afdon +treo.
<R 394>
W+aron hie wunderlicre micelnisse, w+aron hie swa greate swa
columnan ge eac sume uphyrran & gryttran, 
cwoman +ta wyrmas of +t+am neahdunum & scrafum +tider
to +ton +t+at hie +t+at w+ater drincan woldon.
<R 399>
Eodon +ta wyrmas & scluncon wundorlice, w+aron him +ta
breost upgewende & on +d+am 
<P 21>
hricge eodon, & 
a swa hie hit geforan gelice mid +t+am scillum gelice mid
+de mu+te +da eor+tan sliton & t+aron.
<R 403>
H+afdon hie +ta wyrmas +trieslite tungan & +tonne hie
e+dedon +tonne eode him of +ty mu+de mid +ty oro+te
swylce byrnende +tecelle.
<R 406>
W+as +t+ara wyrma oro+d & e+tung swi+de deadberende &
+aterne & for hiora +t+am wolbeorendan oro+de monige 
men swulton.
<R 409>
Wi+d +tissum wyrmum we fuhton leng +tonne ane tide +t+are
nihte, & hie +ta wyrmas acwealdon xxxtig
monna +t+are fyrde, & minra agenra +tegna xx.
<R 412>
+da b+ad ic +ta fyrde hw+a+tre +t+at hie h+afdon god ellen
+tara +tinga +te us on becwomon swa monigra geswencnissa 
& earfe+do.
<R 415>
+ta hit w+as seo fifte tid +t+are nihte, +ta mynton we us
gerestan, ac +ta cwoman +t+ar hwite leon in fearra 
gelicnisse swa micle & hie ealle swi+de grymetende ferdon.
<R 419>
Mid +ty +da leon +tyder cwoman +ta r+asdon hie sona on us &
we us wi+d him sceldan +t+as +de we 
<P 22>
mihton &
us w+as sw+alc geswencnis & swilc earfe+to mid deorum
becymen in +t+are sweartan niht & in +t+are +tystran.
<R 423>
Swelce eac laforas +t+ar cwoman unm+atlicre micelnisse, &
monig o+ter wildeor & eac tigris us on +t+are 
nihte +tar abisgodon.
<R 426>
Swelce +t+ar eac cwoman hrea+temys +ta w+aron in culefrena
gelicnesse swa micle, & +ta on ure ondwlitan 
sperdon & us pulledon.
<R 429>
H+afdon hie eac +ta hrea+temys te+d in monna gelicnisse, &
hie mid +t+am +ta men wundodon & t+aron.
<R 431>
Eac +d+am o+trum bisgum & geswencnissum +te us on becwom,
+ta cwom semninga swi+de micel deor sum mare 
+tonne +tara o+dra +anig.
<R 434>
H+afde +t+at deor +trie hornas on foran heafde & mid +t+am
hornum w+as egeslice gew+apnod.
<R 436>
+t+at deor indeos hata+d (\dentes tyrannum\) .
<R 438>
H+afde +t+at deor horse gelic heafod, & w+as bl+aces heowes.
<R 439>
+dis deor mid +ty +de hit +t+as w+atres ondronc, +ta beheold
hit +ta ure wicstowe, & +ta semninga on us & on ure 
<P 23>
wicstowe r+asde.
<R 442>
Ne hit for +t+am bryne wandode +t+as hatan leges & fyres +te
him w+as ongean, ac hit ofer eall wod & eode.
<R 444>
Mid +ty ic +ta getrymede +t+at m+agen greca heriges, & we
us wi+d him scyldan woldon, +ta hit ofsloh 
sona minra +tegna xxvi ane r+ase, & lii hit oftr+ad,
& hie to loman gerenode +t+at hie mec n+anigre
note nytte beon meahton.
<R 449>
& we hit +ta unsofte mid str+alum & eac mid longsceaftum
sperum of scotadon & hit ofslogon & acwealdon.
<R 452>
+ta hit w+as foran to uhtes, +ta +ateowde +t+ar wolberende
lyft hwites hiowes, & eac missenlices w+as heo 
on hringwisan fag, & monige men for heora +t+am
wolberendan stence swulton mid +t+are wolbeorendan 
lyfte +te +t+ar swelc +ateowde.
<R 458>
+ta +d+ar cwoman eac indisce mys in +ta fyrd in foxa
gelicnisse and in heora micle.
<R 460>
+da +tonne ure fe+terfotnietenu 
<P 24>
bitan & wundedon & monige for hiora wundum swultan.
<R 462>
+tara monna hit +tonne +alc gedigde, +teah hie heora 
hwelcne gewundodan.
<R 464>
+da hit w+as toforan d+ages +ta cwoman +t+ar +ta fugelas,
nocticoraces hatton, w+aron in wealhhafoces 
gelicnesse, w+aron hie +ta fugelas brunes hiowes, & him
w+aron +ta nebb & +ta clea ealle blace.
<R 469>
+ta fuglas ybs+aton eallne +tone ofer +t+as meres, & +ta
fuglas us n+anige la+de ne yfle ne w+aron, ac hie 
+ta gewunelican fixas +te in +t+am mere w+aron mid hiora
cleum uptugon & +ta t+aron.
<R 474>
+da fuglas +ta we hie ne onweg flegdon ne him la+d dydon.
<R 475>
Ac hi him selfe eft gewiton +tonon.
<R 476>
+ta hit +da on morgen d+ag w+as, +da het ic ealle mine
lad+teowas +te mec on swelc earfe+do gel+addon, het 
hie +ta gebindan & him +ta ban & sconcan forbrecan,
+d+at hie 
<P 25>
on niht w+aron from +t+am wyrmum asogone 
+te +t+at w+ater sohton.
<R 482>
& ic him het eac +ta honda of aheawan, +t+at hie be gewyrhtum
+tes wites wite drugon, +te hie +ar hiora 
+tonces us on gel+addon & gebrohton.
<R 486>
Het +da blawan mine byman & +ta fyrd faran for+d +ty wege
+te we +ar ongunnen h+afdon.
<R 488>
Foran we +da +turh +da f+astlond & +turh +ta ungeferenlican
eor+tan.
<R 490>
+ta w+as +t+ar eft gesomnad micel fyrd indiscra monna &
+t+ara elreordigra +te +da lond budon, & we +ta
wi+d +t+am gefuhton.
<R 493>
Mid +ty we +ta us eft ongeaton maran gefeoht toweard & mare
gewin.
<R 494>
+da forleton we +ta frecnan wegas & si+dfato & +ta +t+am
selran we ferdon.
<R 496>
Ond swa mid mine werode onsunde in patriacen +t+at lond we
becwoman mid golde & o+trum weolum swi+de 
gewelgode, & hie us +t+ar fremsumlice & luflice onfengon.
<R 500>
Mid +ty we +ta 
<P 26>
eft of +t+am londe foron of patriacen, +da
becwoman we on +ta londgem+aro medo & persa,
+ta we +d+ar eft edniowunga h+afdon micle gefeoht.
<R 504>
And xx daga ic +t+ar mid minre fyrde wi+d him wicode.
<R 506>
Sio+d+tan we +ta +tonon ferdon +ta w+as hit on seofon nihta
f+ace, +t+at we to +t+am londe & to +t+are stowe becwoman 
+t+ar porrus se cyning mid his fyrde wicode.
<R 509>
And he swi+de +t+as londes f+astenum truwode +tonne his
gefeohte & gewinne.
<R 511>
+ta wilnade he +t+at he me cu+de & mine +tegnas, +ta he +t+as
fr+agen & axsode from +t+am ferendum minra wicstowa, 
+ta w+as +t+at me ges+ad +t+at he wilnade me to
cunenne & min werod.
<R 515>
+da alede ic minne kynegyrylan & me mid uncu+te hr+agle &
mid ly+terlice gerelan me gegerede, swelce 
ic w+are hwelc folclic mon & me w+are mete & wines +tearf.
<R 519>
+ta 
<P 27>
ic w+as in +t+am wicum porres swa ic +ar s+ade, +da
sona swa he me +t+ar geahsode & him mon s+agde 
+t+at +t+ar mon cymen w+as of alexandres herewicum, +ta het
he me sona to him l+adan.
<R 524>
Mid +ty ic +ta w+as to him gel+aded +ta fr+agn he me &
ahsode hw+at alexander se cyning dyde & hulic mon 
he w+are & in hwylcere yldo.
<R 527>
+da bysmrode ic hine mid minum ondswarum & him s+ade +t+at he
forealdod w+are & to +t+as eald w+are +t+at 
he ne mihte elcor gewearmigan buton +at fyre & +at gledum.
<R 530>
+ta w+as he sona swi+de gel+ad & gefeonde +tara minra
ondswaro & worda, for +ton ic him s+ade +t+at he 
swa forealdod w+are.
<R 533>
And +da cw+a+d he eac hu m+ag he la +anige gewinne wi+d me
spowan swa forealdod mon, for +ton ic eom 
me self geong & hw+at.
<R 536>
+ta he +da geornlicor me fr+agn be his +tingum, +da s+ade ic
+t+at ic his +tinga feola ne cu+te & hine seldon 
gesawe +done cyning, for +ton +te ic w+are his 
<P 28>
+tegnes mon & his ceapes heorde & w+are his feohbigenga.
<R 541>
+ta he +das word gehyrde, +da sealde he me an gewrit & +anne
epistolan, and me b+ad +t+at ic hine alexandre 
+t+am kyninge ageafe, & me eac mede gehet gif ic hit
him agyfan wolde & ic him gehet +t+at ic
swa don wolde swa he me b+ad.
<R 547>
Swa ic +da +tonon gewiten w+as & eft cwom to minum
herewicum, +ta +ag+ter ge +ar +don +te ic +t+at gewrit 
r+adde ge eac +after +ton +t+at ic w+as swi+de mid hleahtre
onstyred.
<R 551>
+das +ting ic for +ton +te secge magister, & olimphiade
minre meder, & minum geswustrum, +t+at ge gehyrdon 
& ongeaton +ta oferhygdlican gedyrstignesse +t+as
elreordgan kyninges.
<R 556>
H+afd ic +ta +t+as kyninges wic & his f+astenu gesceawod +te
he mid his fyrde in gefaren h+afde.
<R 558>
+da sona on morgne +t+as +da eode porrus se kyning 
<P 29>
me on
hond mid ealle his ferde & dugo+te +ta he h+afde 
ongieten +t+at he wi+d me gewinnan ne meahte.
<R 562>
Ond of +t+am feondscipe +te us +ar betweonum w+as +t+at he
seo+d+tan w+as me freond & eallum greca herige 
& min gefera & gefylcea.
<R 565>
And ic him +da eft his rice ageaf & +ta +d+are unwendan are
+t+as rices +te he him seolfa n+aniges rices 
ne wende, +t+at he +da me eall his goldhord +ateowde, & he
+ta +ag+ter ge mec ge eac eall min werod 
mid golde gewelgode.
<R 571>
And herculis gelicnisse & libri +dara twegea goda, he buta of
golde gegeat & geworhte & hie butu 
asette in +t+am eastd+ale middangeardes.
<R 574>
+da wolde ic witan hw+a+ter +da gelicnissa w+aron gegotene
ealle swa he s+ade.
<R 576>
Het hie +ta +turhborian +ta w+aron hie buta of golde
gegotene, +da het ic eft +ta +dyrelo +te hiora mon
+turh cunnode mid golde forwyrcean & afyllon 
<P 30>
& het +ta +d+am godum b+am ons+agdnisse onsecgan.
<R 581>
+ta ferdon we for+d & woldan ma wunderlicra +tinga geseon &
sceawian & m+arlicra.
<R 583>
Ac +ta ne gesawon we swa swa we +ta geferdon noht elles buton
+ta westan feldas & wudu & duna be +t+am 
garsecge, +da w+aron monnum ungeferde for wildeorum &
wyrmum.
<R 587>
+ta ferde ic hw+a+tre be +t+am s+a to +ton +t+at ic wolde
cunnian meahte ic ealne middangeard [{ymbferan{] 
swa garsecg belige+d.
<R 590>
Ac +ta s+agdon me +ta londbigengan +t+at se s+a w+are to +ton
+tiostre & se garsecg eall, +t+at hine n+anig 
mon mid scipe geferan ne meahte.
<R 594>
Ond [^TORONTO CORPUS: On; RYPINS: Ond^] ic +ta +da wynstran 
d+alas indie wolde geondferan +ty l+as me owiht in +t+am 
londe beholen o+d+de bedegled w+are.
<R 597>
+da w+as +t+at lond eall swa we geferdon adrugad & fen &
cannon & hreod weoxan [^FOR TWO PRECEDING WORDS RYPINS HAS
hread w+ateru^] .
<R 599>
+da cwom +t+ar semninga sum 
<P 31>
deor of +t+am fenne & of +d+am
f+astene, w+as +t+am deore eall se hrycg ac+aglod 
swelce snoda h+afde +t+at deor seonowealt heafod swelce
mona & +t+at deor hatte (\quasi caput luna\) 
& him w+aron +ta breost gelice niccres breastum & heardum
to+dum & miclum hit w+as gegyred & gete+ted.
<R 606>
Ond hit +ta +t+at deor ofsloh mine +tegnas twegen.
<R 607>
Ond we +ta +t+at deor now+ter ne mid spere gewundigan ne
meahte ne mid n+anige w+apne, ac we hit unea+te 
mid isernum hamerum & slecgum gefyldon & hit ofbeoton.
<R 611>
+da becwoman we sy+d+tan to +t+am wudum indie & to +t+am
ytemestum gem+arum +t+as londes & ic +ta het +ta 
fyrd +t+ar wician be +t+are ea +te biswicmon hatte.
<R 615>
W+aron +ta wic on lengo l furlanga long & swa eac in 
br+ado.
<R 616>
Woldon we +ta to urum sw+asendum sittan, w+as hit +ta seo
endlefte tid d+ages, +ta w+as semninga geboden 
+t+at we w+apenu noman [{&{] 
<P 32>
ure tioloden, & us w+are micel +tearf +t+at we us scyldan.
<R 621>
+ta dydon we swa fengon to ussum w+apnum swa us beboden w+as.
<R 623>
+da cwom fengon to ussum w+apnum swa us beboden w+as.
<R 623>
+da cwom +t+ar micel m+angeo elpenda.
<R 624>
Of +t+am wudo ungemetlic weorod +tara diora.
<R 625>
Cwoman hie to +ton +tyder +t+at hie on +da ure wic feohtan.
<R 626>
+ta het ic sona +ta hors gerwan & eoredmen hleapan up, &
het geniman swina micelne wr+ad & drifan 
on horsum ongean +t+am elpendum, for +ton ic wiste +t+at
swin w+aron +d+am deorum la+de, & hiora rying
hie meahte afyrhton.
<R 632>
And +ta sona +t+as +ta elpendas +da swin gesawon +ta w+aron
hie afyrhte, & sona on +tone wudu gewiton.
<R 634>
Ond we +ta niht on +t+are wicstowe gesundlice wicodon, & ic
h+afde mid f+astene gef+astnad +t+at us now+ter 
ne deor ne o+der earfe+do sce+d+dan meahten.
<R 638>
+da hit +ta on morgen d+ag w+as, +ta ferdon we on o+ter
+teodlond india, +da cwoman 
<P 33>
we on sumne micelne feld.
<R 640>
+da gesawe +t+ar ruge wifmen, & w+apned men w+aron hie swa
ruwe & swa geh+are swa wildeor.
<R 642>
W+aron hie nigon fota uplonge, & hie w+aron +ta men nacod
& hie n+aniges hr+agles ne gimdon.
<R 645>
+das men indeos hata+d ictifafonas & hie of +d+am neaheum &
merum +ta hronfiscas uptugon & +ta +aton &
be +t+am lifdon & +t+at w+ater +after druncon.
<R 648>
Mid +ty ic +ta wolde near +ta men geseon & sceawigon, +da
flugon hie sona in +ta w+ater & hie +t+ar in
+t+am stanholum hyddon.
<R 651>
+ta +after +ton gesawon we betweoh +ta wudu bearwas & +ta
treo healfhundinga micle m+angeo, +da cwoman 
to +ton +t+at hie woldon us wundigan.
<R 654>
& we +ta mid str+alum hie scotodon, & hie sona onweg
aflymdon +da hie eft on +tone wudu gewiton.
<R 656>
+ta sy+d+dan geferdon we in +ta westenn india & we +ta
+t+ar noht wunderlices ne m+arlices gesawon.
<R 659>
Ond we +ta eft in fasiacen +t+at 
<P 34>
lond becwoman +tanan we
+ar ferdon & we +t+ar gewicodon be +t+am neahw+atrum 
& we +t+ar ure geteld br+addon ealle on +afen, & +t+ar
w+aron eac fyr wel monigo on+aled.
<R 663>
+da cwom +t+ar semninga swi+de micel wind & gebr+ac, & to
+t+as unheorlic se wind geweox +t+at he +tara 
ura getelda monige afylde, & he +da eac usse
fe+terfotnietenu swi+de swencte.
<R 668>
+da het ic gesomnigan eft +ta geteld & seamas ealle tosomne,
& hie mon +ta seamas & +ta +ting +dara ura 
wicstowa earfo+dlice tosomne for +t+am winde gesomnode.
<R 671>
Ond +da on gehliuran dene & on wearmran we gewicodan.
<R 673>
Mid +ty we gewicod h+afdon & ure +ting eall gearo, +ta het ic
eallne +tone here +t+at he to sw+asendum s+ate 
& mete +tigde, & hie +ta swa dydon.
<R 676>
Mid +ty hit +afenne nealehte, +da ongunnon +ta windas eft
weaxan, & +t+at weder hreogan & ungemetlic cele 
geweox on +tone +afen.
<R 679>
+da cwom +t+ar micel snaw & swa 
<P 35>
miclum sniwde swelce micel flys feolle.
<R 681>
+da ic +ta unm+atnisse & micelnisse +d+as snawes geseah, +da
+tuhte me +t+at ic wiste +t+at he wolde ealle +ta 
wicstowe forfeallan.
<R 683>
+da het ic +tone here +t+at hie mid fotum +tone snaw
tr+adon, & +ta fyr eall w+aron forneah for +t+are 
micelnesse +t+as snawes adw+ascte & acwencte.
<R 687>
Hw+a+tere us +t+ar w+as anes +tinges e+tnes, +t+at se snaw
+d+ar leng ne wunede +tonne ane tide.
<R 689>
+da sona w+as +after +ton swi+de sweart wolcen & genip, &
+ta eac cwoman of +t+am sweartan wolcne byrnende fyr.
<R 692>
+ta fyr +donne feollon on +ta eor+tan swelce byrnende
+tecelle & for +t+as fyres bryne eall se feld born.
<R 694>
+da cw+adon men +t+atte hie wendon +t+at +t+at w+are goda
eorre +t+at usic +t+ar on becwome.
<R 696>
+da het ic eald hr+agl toslitan & habban wi+d +t+am fyre &
sceldan mid.
<R 698>
+ta seo+d+dan +after +ton we h+afdon smolte niht & gode
si+d+tan, 
<P 36>
si+d+dan usic +ta earfe+do forleton.
<R 700>
And we +da sio+d+tan butan orenum +tingum mete +tigdon &
usic restan, & ic +t+ar +ta bebyrgde minra +tegna 
v hund +te +d+ar betweoh +da snawas & earfe+to & +ta
fyr +te us +t+ar in +t+am wicum on becwoman +t+at 
hie forwurdon & deade w+aron.
<R 706>
Ond +ta het ic of +t+are wicstowe sio+d+dan +ta ferd faran
for+d & we +ta foron for+d be +t+am s+a, & +t+ar +da 
hean hos & dene & garsecg +done +athiopia we gesawon.
<R 709>
Swelce eac +ta miclan & +ta m+aron dune we gesawon +ta
mon hate+d enesios & +t+at scr+af libri +t+as godes.
<R 712>
+da het ic +t+ar in bescufan forworhte men +t+at ic wolde
gewitan hwe+ter sio segen so+d w+are +te me mon
+ar be +ton s+agde, +t+at +t+ar n+anig mon ingan mehte &
eft gesund +after +ton beon nym+te he mid asegendnisseum 
ineode in +t+at scr+af.
<R 717>
And +t+at w+as eac +after +ton gecy+ded in +tara monna
dea+de, for +ton +dy +triddan d+age hie swulton +d+as 
+te hie in 
<P 37>
+t+at scr+af eodon.
<R 720>
Ond ic ea+tmodlice & geornlice b+ad +ta godm+agen +t+at hie
mec ealles middangeardes kyning & hlaford 
mid hean sigum geweor+teden, ond in macedoniam ic eft
gel+aded w+are to olimphiade minre meder & 
to minum geswustrum & gesibbum.
<R 726>
+da wolde ic eft in fasiacen +t+at lond feran, mid +ty ic +ta
ferde mid mine weorede, +da cwoman us +t+ar
on +d+am wege twegen ealde men togeanes.
<R 729>
+da fr+agn ic hie & ahsode hw+a+ter hie owiht m+arlic in
+t+am londum wisten.
<R 731>
+da ondsworadon hie mec & s+agdon +t+at n+are mara weg
+tonne meahte on tyn dagum geferan.
<R 733>
Hw+a+tre mid ealle mine weorede somod ic hit geferan ne
mehte for +dara wega nerwette, ac mid feower 
+tusendum monna ic hit geferan meahte, +t+at ic m+arlices
hw+athwugo gesawe.
<R 738>
+da w+as ic swi+de bli+de & gefeonde for +t+am hiora wordum.
<R 739>
+da cw+a+d ic eft 
<P 38>
to him & him spr+ac li+dum wordum to,
secga+d la mec git ealdon, hw+at +t+at sie m+arlices 
& micellices +t+at git mec gehata+d +t+at ic +t+ar
geseon m+age.
<R 743>
+da andswarode me hiora o+der & cw+a+d, +tu gesiehst kyning
gif +tu hit geferest, & +ta tu trio sunnan 
& monan on indisc & on grecisc sprecende.
<R 747>
O+ter +tara is w+apnedcynnes sunnan trio, o+ter wifkynnes
+t+at monan trio, & hie gesecga+d +t+am men +te 
hie frine+d, hw+at godes o+t+de yfles him becuman sceal.
<R 751>
+da ne gelyfde ic him ac wende +t+at hi mec onhyscte & on
bismer s+agdon.
<R 753>
And ic swa cw+a+d to minum geferan, Min +trym is from
eastewearde middangearde o+t +t+at westan weardne 
& mec +tas forealdodan elreordegan nu her bysmergea+d.
<R 757>
Mynte ic hie haton yflian, +da sworan hie swi+de +t+at hie
so+d s+agdon & noht lugen +tara +tinga.
<R 759>
+da wolde ic gecunnian 
<P 39>
hw+a+ter hie mec so+d s+agdon, & mec
mine geferan b+adon +t+at hie swelcra mer+to
bescerede ne w+aron, ac +d+at we his gecunnedon hw+a+ter
hit swelc w+are +da hit n+as micel to geferanne.
<R 764>
Genom +ta mid mec +treo +tusendo, & forlet mine fyrd elcor
in fasiacen under pore +t+am kyninge & under 
minum gerefum +d+ar abidon.
<R 768>
+da foran we & usic +ta ladteowas l+addon +turh +ta w+adlan
stowe w+atres & +turh +ta unarefndon lond wildeora 
& wyrma +ta w+aron wunderlicum nomum on indisc geceged.
<R 772>
Mid +ty we +ta nealehtan +d+am +teodlonde +ta gesawon we
+ag+ter ge wif ge w+apnedmen mid palthera fellum 
& tigriscum +tara deora hydum gegyryde & nanes o+dres brucon.
<R 776>
Mid +ty ic +ta fr+agn hie & ahsode hwelcre +deode kynnes
hie w+aron.
<R 778>
+da ondswarodon hie mec & s+agdon on hiora ge+teode +t+at
<P 40>
hie w+aran indos.
<R 780>
W+as seo stow rum & wynsumo & balzamum & recels +d+ar w+as
genihtsumnis & +t+at eac of +t+ara treowa telgan 
weol & +ta men +t+as londes bi +dy lifdon & +t+at +aton.
<R 784>
Mid +ty we +da geornlicor +ta stowe sceawodon & betwih +ta
bearwas eodon, & ic +da wynsumnesse & f+agernesse 
+t+as londes wundrade.
<R 787>
+da cwom se bisceop +t+are stowe us togeanes.
<R 788>
W+as he se bisceop x fota upheah, & eall him w+as se
lichoma sweart buton +t+am to+tum +da w+aron hwite.
<R 791>
And +ta earan him +turh +tyrelode, & earhringas onhongedon of
m+anigfealdan gimcynne geworhte, & he
w+as mid wildeora fellum gegerwed.
<R 795>
+ta he se bisceop to me cwom, +da grette he me sona &
halette his leod+teawe.
<R 797>
Fr+agn he eac me to hwon ic +tider cwome & hw+at ic +t+ar
wolde.
<R 798>
+ta ondswarode ic hin +t+at mec lyste geseon +ta halgan trio
<P 41>
sunnan & monan.
<R 800>
+da ondswarode he, gif +tine geferan beo+d cl+ane from 
wifgehrine, +tonne moton hie gongan in +tone godcundan 
bearo.
<R 803>
W+as minra geferana mid me +trio hund monna.
<R 804>
+ta het se bisceop mine geferan +t+at hie hiora gescie &
ealne heora gerelan him of adyden.
<R 806>
Ond het ic +aghw+at swa don swa he us bebead.
<R 807>
W+as hit +ta sio endlefte tid d+ages.
<R 808>
+da bad se socerd sunnan setlgongen for +ton sunnan trio
agefe+d ondsware +at +t+am upgonge & eft +at 
setlgonge, & +t+at monan triow gelice swa on niht dyde.
<R 812>
+da ongon ic geornlicor +ta stowe sceawigan, & geond +ta
bearwas & treowu gongan +ta geseah ic +t+ar 
balzamum +t+as betstan stences genoh of +t+am treowum
utweallan.
<R 816>
+t+at balzamum +ag+ter ge ic ge mine geferan +t+ar betwih
+t+am rindum noman +t+ara trio.
<R 818>
+tonne w+aron +da halgan trio sunnan & monan 
<P 42>
on middum +t+am o+drum treowum meahton hie beon hunteontiges 
fota upheah, & eac +t+ar w+aron o+tre treow wunderlicre
heanisse +da hata+d indeos bebronas.
<R 824>
+tara triowa heannisse ic wundrade, & cw+a+d +t+at ic wende
+t+at hie for miclum w+atan & regnum swa heage weoxon.
<R 826>
+da s+agde se bisceop +t+at +t+ar n+afre in +t+am londum
regnes dropa ne cwome, ne fugel ne wildeor, ne 
n+anig +atern wyrm +t+at her dorste gesecean +da halgan
gem+aro sunnan & monan.
<R 831>
Eac +tonne he s+agde se bisceop +tonne +t+at eclypsis w+are
+t+at is +tonne +d+as sunnan asprungnis o+d+te +t+are 
monan, +t+at +da halgan triow swi+de wepen & mid micle
sare instyred w+aron, for +ton hie ondredon 
+t+at hie hiora godm+agne sceoldon beon benumene.
<R 837>
+da +tohte ic, s+agde alexander, +t+at ic wolde ons+agdnisse
+t+ar onsecgan, ac +ta forbead me se bisceop, 
& s+agde +t+at +d+at n+are 
<P 43>
alyfed +anigum men +t+at he
+t+ar +anig nyten cwealde o+t+te blodgyte worhte, ac
mec het +t+at ic me to +tara triowa fotum geb+ade, +t+at
sunna & mone me so+tre ondswarege ondwyrdum +tara 
+tinga +de ic frune sio+d+dan +tas +ting +tus gedon w+aron.
<R 846>
+ta gesawon we westan +tone leoman sunnan & se leoma gehran
+t+am treowum ufonweardum.
<R 849>
+da cw+a+d se sacerd locia+d nu ealle up & be swa hwylcum
+tingum swa ge willon frinan, +tence on his
heortan deagollice, & n+anig mon his ge+toht openum wordum
ut ne cy+de.
<R 853>
Mid +ty we +ta wel neah stodan +tam bearwum & +t+am
godsprecum, +ta +dohte ic on minum mode hw+a+ter 
ic meahte ealne middangeard me on onweald geslean, & +tonne
sio+t+tan mid +t+am siogorum geweor+tad, ic eft meahte 
<P 44>
becuman in macedoniam to olimphiade minre
meder, & minum geswustrum.
<R 862>
+da ondswarode me +t+at triow indiscum wordum & +tus cw+ad.
<R 863>
+du [^TORONTO CORPUS: +da; RYPINS: +du^] unoferswy+dda 
alexander in gefeohtum +tu weor+dest 
cyning & hlaford ealles middangeardes, ac hw+a+tre 
ne cymst +tu on +tinne e+tel +donan +tu ferdest +ar,
for +ton +din e+tel hit swa be +tinum heafde &
fore hafa+d ar+aded.
<R 869>
+da w+as ic ungleaw +t+as ge+teodes +tara indiscra worda
+te +t+at triow me to spr+ac, +da rehte hit me 
se bisceop & s+agde.
<R 872>
Mid +ty hit mine geferan gehyrdon +t+at ic eft cwic ne moste
in minne e+tel becuman, +da w+aron hie swi+de unrote for +ton.
<R 875>
+ta wolde ic eft on +ta +afentid ma ahsian, ac +ta n+as se
mona +ta gyt uppe.
<R 877>
Mid +ty we +ta eft eodon in +tone halgan bearo, & we +ta
eft be +t+am treowum stodan geb+adon 
<P 45>
us +ta sona 
to +t+am treowum swa we +ar dydon.
<R 881>
And ic eac in mid mec gel+adde mine +trie +da getreowestan
frynd, +da w+aron mine syndrige treowge+toftan, 
+t+at w+as +arest perticam, & clitomum, & pilotan, for
+ton ic me ne ondred +t+at me +t+ara +anig beswice, 
for +ton +t+ar n+as riht on +t+are stowe +anigne to
acwellanne for +t+are stowe weor+tunge.
<R 888>
+da +tohte ic on minum mode & on minum ge+tohte on hwelcre
stowe ic sweltan scolde.
<R 891>
Mid +ty +da +arest se mona upeode +ta gehran he mid his
sciman +t+am triowum ufeweardum & +t+at triow ondswarode 
+t+am minum ge+tohte & +tus cw+a+d, alexander
fulne ende +tines lifes +tu h+afst gelifd, ac +tys
+aftran geare +tu swyltst on babilone on maius mon+de from
+t+am +tu l+ast wenst from +t+am +tu bist beswicen.
<R 899>
+da w+as ic swi+de sariges 
<P 46>
modes, & +ta mine frynd swa eac +ta me +t+ar mid w+aron.
<R 901>
And hie weopon swi+de, for +ton him w+are min gesynto leofre
+tonne hiora seolfra h+alo.
<R 903>
+da gewiton we to urum geferum eft, & hie woldon to hiora
sw+asendum sittan, & ic wolde for +t+am 
bysegum mines modes me gerestan.
<R 907>
Ac +ta b+adon mec mine geferan +t+at ic on swa micelre modes
unreto & nearonisse mec selfne mid f+astenne ne swencte.
<R 910>
+tigde +da tela micelne mete wi+d mines modes willan, &
+ta tidlice to minre reste eode for +ton ic 
wolde beon gearo +at sunnan upgonge +t+at ic eft in geeode.
<R 914>
+da on morgne mid +ty hit dagode, +ta onbr+ad ic & +ta mine
getreowestan frynd aweahte +t+at ic wolde 
in +ta halgan stowe gan.
<R 918>
Ac +ta reste hine se bisceop +ta giet, & mid wildeora
<P 47>
fellum w+as gegerwed & bewrigen.
<R 920>
And irenes & leades +ta men on +t+am londum w+adlia+d &
goldes genihtsumia+d & be +d+am balzamum +ta men 
in +t+am londe lifgea+d & of +d+am neahmunte wealle+d
hluter w+ater & f+ager & +t+at swi+de swete.
<R 925>
+tonne drinca+d +ta men +t+at & by lifigea+d.
<R 926>
And +tonne hie resta+d, +tonne resta+d hie buton bedde &
bolstre, ac on wildeora fellum heora bedding bi+d.
<R 929>
+da awehte ic +tone bisceop, h+afde se bisceop +treo hund
wintra on yldo.
<R 931>
Mid +ty he +ta se bisceop aras, +da eode ic on +ta godcundan
stowe & +ta +triddan si+de +t+at sunnan treow 
ongon frinan +turh hwelces monnes hond min ende w+are
getiod, o+d+de hwelcne ended+ag min modor 
o+t+de min geswuster nu gebidan scoldon.
<R 938>
+ta ondswarode me +t+at treow on grecisc & +tus cw+a+d, Gif
ic +te +tone 
<P 48>
gesecge +tines feores y+telice 
+tu +da wyrde oncyrrest & his hond befehst.
<R 942>
Ac so+d ic +te secge +t+at yb anes geares fyrst & eahta
mona+d +tu swyltst in babilone, nalles mid iserne 
acweald swa +du wenst ac mid atre.
<R 945>
+din modor gewite+d of weorulde +turh scondlicne dea+d, &
unarlicne, & heo lige+d unbebyrged in wege 
fuglum to mete & wildeorum.
<R 948>
+tine sweostor beo+d longe ges+aliges lifes.
<R 950>
+du +tonne +deah +tu, +tu lytle hwile lifge hwe+tre +du
geweor+dest an cyning & hlaford ealles middangeardes.
<R 952>
Ac ne frign +du unc nohtes ma ne ne axa, for +ton wit
habba+d oferhleo+dred +t+at gem+are uncres leohtes, 
ac to fasiacen & porre +t+am cyninge eft gehworf +tu.
<R 956>
And fer +dy +ta weopon mine geferan, for +ton ic swa lytle
hwile lyfigan moste.
<R 958>
Ac +ta forbead hit se bisceop +t+at hi ne weopon, 
<P 49>
+ty l+as +ta halgan treow +turh heora wop & tearas abulgen.
<R 961>
Ond ne geherde +da ondsware +tara treowa ma manna +tonne +ta
mine getreowestan freond, Ond hit n+anig
mon ut cy+tan ne moste +ty l+as +ta elreordegan kyningas
+de ic +ar mid nede to hyrsumnesse gedyde, 
+t+at hie on +t+at f+agon +t+at ic swa lytle hwile lifgean
moste.
<R 968>
Ne hit eac +anig mon +t+are ferde +don ma ut m+aran moste
+ty l+as hie for +don ormode w+aron & +ty s+anran 
mines willan & weor+dmyndo, +d+as hie mid mec to
fromscipe geferan scoldon.
<R 973>
Ond me n+as se hr+adlica ende mines lifes swa miclum weorce
swa me w+as +t+at ic l+as m+ar+do gefremed 
h+afde +tonne min willa w+are.
<R 976>
+das +ting ic write to +ton min se leofa magister +t+at +tu
+arest gefeo in +t+am fromscipe mines lifes 
& eac blissige in +t+am weor+dmyndum.
<R 979>
Ond eac 
<P 50>
swelce ecelice min gemynd stonde & hleonige
o+drum eor+dcyningum to bysne, +d+at hie witen 
+ty gearwor +t+at min +trym & min weor+dmynd maran
w+aron, +tonne ealra o+tra kyninga +te in middangearde 
+afre w+aron.



<B COAELIVE>
<Q O3 NN BIL AELIVES9>
<N LIVES STS 9>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^AELFRIC'S LIVES OF SAINTS, BEING A SET
OF SERMONS ON SAINTS' DAYS FORMERLY
OBSERVED BY THE ENGLISH CHURCH,
VOLS. I-II.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY,
O.S. 76, 82, 94, 114.
ED. W. W. SKEAT.
LONDON,   1966 (1881-1900).
I,   PP. 210.1 - 218.152 (IX)
II,  PP. 306.1 - 318.184 (XIV)
III, PP. 124.1 - 142.288 (XXVI)
IV,  PP. 314.1 - 334.276 (XXXII)^]

[^B1.3.10^]
<P I,210>
<R 1>
(\DE SANCTA LUCIA UIRGO\) .
+DA ASPRANG AGATHEN HLISA OFER LAND AND S+A, SWA +t+at fram
Siracusa sohte mycel meniu ofer fiftig mila +t+as m+adenes
byrgene, on Catanensciscre byrig mid mycelre onbryrdnysse.
<R 5>
+ta com sum wydewe, seo w+as geciged Euthicia, betwux o+drum
mannum to +t+are m+aran byrigene, and hire dohtor samod,
seo ges+alige Lucia.
<R 8>
Seo wydewe w+as unhal, swa +t+at hire arn blod geond feower
geare f+ac, and f+ala l+aca cunnode, ac hi ealle ne mihton
hyre anre gehelpan.
<R 11>
Hit gelamp +da +at +t+are m+assan, +t+at man r+adde +t+at
godspell, hu +t+at wif wear+d geh+aled, +te w+as on blodes
ryne, +ta+da heo hrepode +t+as H+alendes reaf.
<R 14>
+ta cw+a+d Lucia mid geleafan to hire meder, Gif +tu gelyfst,
modor, +tysum m+aran godspelle, gelyf +t+at Agathes geearnode
+at Criste, +ta+da heo for his naman +drowode +t+at heo hine
symle h+abbe on andwerdnysse on ecere blysse.
<R 19>
Gehrepa hire byrigene, and +tu bist sona hal.
<R 20>
+ta +after +t+are m+assan seo modor and seo dohtor astrehton
hi on gebedum +at +t+are byrgene.
<R 22>
Mid +tam +te hi lagon and gelencgdon +da gebedu, +ta wear+d
Lucia on sl+ape, and geseah Agathen betwux engla werodum,
+anlice gefretewode, and clypode hyre +tus to, clypigende
ufenne, Min swustor Lucia, so+d godes m+aden, hwi bitst +tu
+at me +t+as +te +du miht sylf geti+dian?
<P I,212>
<R 28>
+tinre meder geheolp +tin halga geleafa, and efne heo is
geh+aled halwendlice +durh Crist.
<R 30>
and swa swa +teos burh is gem+arsod +turh me fram Criste, swa
bi+d Siracusa burh +turh +te gewlitegod, for+dan +te +tu
gearcodest Criste, on +tinum cl+anan m+ag+dhade,
wynsume wununge.
<R 33>
and +da awoc Lucia.
<R 34>
Heo aras +da bifigende for +d+are beorhtan gesih+de, and s+ade
to hire meder, +tu eart mihtiglice geh+aled.
<R 36>
Nu bidde ic +te, +turh +ta ylcan +te +te mid gebedum geh+alde,
+t+at +tu nanne brydguman n+afre me ne namige, ne of minum
lichaman deadlicne w+astm ne sece; ac +ta +ding +te +tu
woldest to gewemmednysse me syllan, forgif me +da [{to{]
cl+annysse to Criste farendre.
<R 41>
+ta cw+a+d seo modor, mine +tincg +tu wast, and ic heold nu
nigon gear wi+d ealle hyn+da +tines f+ader gestreon and
fur+dor hi geeacnode.
<R 44>
beluc +arest mine eagan, and +ta +ahta ateoh loca hu +te
licige, min leofa dohtor.
<R 46>
+ta cw+a+d Lucia, hlyst mines r+ades; ne miht +du naht l+adan
of +tysum life mid +te, and +t+at +tu on dea+de sylst for
drihtnes naman, +tu hit sylst for +tan +te +tu hit ne
miht mid +te aweg l+adan.
<R 50>
Ac syle nu on gesundfulnysse +tam so+dan H+alende swa hw+at
swa +tu gemyntest on for+dsi+te to donne.
<R 52>
+tus tihte Lucia gelome +ta modor, o+d +t+at heo beceapode +ta
scinendan gymmas, and eac hire landare wi+d [{licgendum{] feo,
and d+alde si+d+dan +tearfum and +al+teodigum mannum, wydewum
and wreccum and wisum Godes +teowum.
<R 57>
+tis com +ta to earan +tam +a+delborenan cnihte +te awogode
Lucian, se w+as geciged Pascasius, arleas h+a+dengilda, and
tihte +t+at halige m+aden to +t+ara deofla offrungum.
<R 60>
ac [{+t+at{] drihtnes m+aden cw+a+d, Hluttor offrung +t+at is,
and licwur+de Gode, +t+at mann wydewan geneosige and wreccan
gefrefrige,
<P I,214>
and steopbearnum gehelpe on heora gedrefednyssum.
<R 64>
Ne dreah ic nu +trym gearum nane o+tre d+ada, butan +tam
lyfigendan drihtne +tas lac geoffrode.
<R 66>
Nu ic wylle me sylfe him so+dlice geoffrian, for+dan ic leng
n+abbe hw+at ic on his lacum aspende.
<R 68>
+ta yrsode Pascasius, and hi spr+acon fela, o+d +t+at he hire
swingele behet gif heo suwian nolde.
<R 70>
Lucia him cw+a+d to, +t+as lifigendan Godes word ne magon
geswican, ne forsuwode beon.
<R 72>
He axode +da mid olle, Eart +tu la God?
<R 73>
Lucia him andwyrde, Ic eom +t+as +almihtigan +tinen; for+ti ic
cw+a+d Godes word, for+tan +te he on his godspelle cw+a+d, Ne
synd ge +te +t+ar spreca+d, ac spryc+t se halga gast on eow.
<R 76>
Eft +ta Pascasius orgellice befran, Wuna+d se halga gast on
+te eornostlice?
<R 78>
Lucia andwyrde +tam arleasan and cw+a+d, Se apostol behet +tam
+de healda+d cl+annysse, +t+at hi synd godes templ, and +t+as
halgan gastes wunung.
<R 81>
+ta cw+a+d se arleasa, Ic hate +te ardlice l+adan to +t+ara
myltestrena huse, +t+at +du +tinne m+ag+dhad forleose, +t+at
se halga gast +te fram fleo, +donne +tu fullice byst gescynd.
<R 84>
Lucia andwyrde +tus, ne bi+d +anig gewemmed lichama to plihte
gif hit ne lica+d +tam mode.
<R 86>
+teah +tu mine hand ahebbe to +dinum h+a+tengilde, and swa
+turh me geoffrige mines unwilles, ic beo +teah
unscyldig +atforan +dam so+dan Gode, se+te dem+d be +tam
willan, and wat ealle +tincg.
<R 90>
Gif +tu me unwilles gewemman nu dest, me bi+d twifeald
cl+annysse geteald to wuldre.
<R 92>
Ne miht +tu gebigan minne willan to +te, swa hw+at swa +tu
minum lichaman dest, ne m+ag +t+at belimpan to me.
<R 95>
+ta wolde se w+alhreowa his word gefyllan, +t+at heo wurde
gel+ad to +t+are la+dan fulnysse,
<P I,216>
and begunnon hi teon to +t+are galnysse huse; ac Godes miht
wear+d geswutelod sona on +tam m+adene, swa +t+at se halga
gast hi heold and mid hefe gef+astnode, +t+at +ta manfullan ne
mihton +t+at m+aden astyrian.
<R 100>
+ta cnitton hi rapas mid re+dum anginne hire to handum and
fotum, and fela samod tugon, ac heo n+as astyrod, ac stod swa
swa munt.
<R 103>
+ta wear+d geancsumod se arleasa Pascasius, and het him
gelangian +ta leasan drymen to, +t+at hi +t+at Godes m+aden
mid heora galdrum oferswy+ddon.
<R 106>
Ac +da+ta him naht ne speow, +ta het he spannan oxan to, ac hi
ne mihton awecgan +t+at m+aden +tagit swa.
<R 108>
Se cwellere +ta cw+a+d to +tam cl+anan m+adene, hw+at is se
intinga +t+at an +tusend manna +te ne magon astyrian swa
unstrang swa +du eart?
<R 111>
Lucia him cw+a+d to, +teah +tu clypige tyn +tusend manna, hi
sceolan ealle gehyran +tone halgan gast +tus cwe+dende,
(\Cadent a latere tuo mille, et decem milia a dextris tuis,
tibi autem non adpropinquabit malum,\) +tusend fealla+d fram
+tinre sidan, and tyn +tusend fram +tinre swy+dran, +te sylf
so+dlice ne genealec+a+d nan yfel.
<R 116>
+ta wear+d se arleasa geancsumod eft swi+dor on mode, and het
mycel ad ontendan on [{ymbhwyrfte{] +t+as m+adenes, and mid
pice hi [{besprencgan{] and mid [{spyrcendum{] ele.
<R 119>
Heo stod +ta unforht on +tam fyre and cw+a+d, Ic ab+ad +at
Criste +t+at +dis cwealmb+ara fyr me ne gewylde, +t+at +tu
wur+de gescynd, and hit +tam geleaffullum afyrsige +t+are
+drowunge forhtunge, and +tam ungeleaffullum +ta yfelan
blysse ofteo.
<R 124>
+ta wear+d se w+alhreowa wodlice geancsumod, +t+at his magas
ne mihton his modleaste acuman; Ac heton acwellan +t+at cl+ane
m+aden mid swurde.
<R 127>
heo wear+d +ta gewundod, +t+at hire wand se inno+d ut,
<P I,218>
ac heo ne gewat swa +teah, ac +turhwunode on gebedum swa lange
swa heo wolde, and to +t+are leode cw+a+d, Ic secge eow to
so+tan +t+at sib is forgifen Godes gela+dunge, and se gramlica
casere Dioclytianus is gedon of his rice and Maximianus se
manfulla is dead.
<R 134>
Swa swa seo Catanenscisce burh binnan hire weallum h+af+d
minre swyster Agathen miccle fore+tingunga, swa ic eom
forgifen, fram +tam +almihtigan Gode nu +tyssere byrig
Siracusanan eow to ge+tingienne, gif ge fo+d to geleafan.
<R 139>
Mid +tam +te heo +tis spr+ac, wear+t se manfulla Pascasius mid
racenteagum gebunden, and beforan +dam m+adene gel+ad.
<R 141>
He w+as +ar gewreged for his w+alhreowum d+adum, to Romaniscre
leode, +te +da ealle land geweolden.
<R 143>
He wear+d +ta gebroht on bendum to Rome, and +ta witan heton
hine beheafdian, +ta+ta he ne mihte his mand+ada betellan.
<R 146>
Seo eadiga Lucia on +t+are ylcan stowe wunode +te heo ofslagen
w+as, o+d+t+at sacerdas coman and hi gehusloden mid haligre
gerynu.
<R 149>
and heo gewat to Criste mid +tam +te hi cw+adon amen.
<R 150>
+ta ar+arde +ta leoda +t+ar heo l+ag cyrcan, and on hire naman
gehalgodon, +tam h+alende to wur+dmynte se+de +afre rixa+d on
ecnysse god; AMEN.

<Q O3 NN BIL AELIVES14>
<N LIVES STS 14>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>

[^B1.3.15^]
<P II,306>
<R 1>
(\UIIII KALENDAS MAI, NATALE SANCTI GEORGII MARTYRIS\) .
GEDWOLMEN AWRITON GEDWYLD ON HEORA BOCVM BE +DAM halgan were
+de is gehaten Georius.
<R 3>
Nu wille we eow secgan +t+at so+d is be +dam,
<P II,308>
+t+at heora gedwyld ne derige digellice +anigum.
<R 5>
Se halga georius w+as on h+a+tenum dagum rice ealdorman under
+dam re+tan casere +te w+as Datianus geciged, on +d+are scire
Cappadocia.
<R 8>
+ta het Datianus +da h+a+denan gegaderian to his deofolgildum
his Drihtne on teonan, and mid manegum +deowracum +t+at
mancynn geegsode, +t+at hi heora lac geoffrodon
+tam leasum godum mid him.
<R 12>
+ta geseah se halga wer +t+ara h+a+denra gedwyld hu hi +dam
deoflum ons+agdon and heora Drihten forsawon, +da aspende
he his feoh unforh on +almyssum hafenleasum mannum +tam
h+alende to lofe, and wear+d +turh Crist gebyld, and cw+a+d
to +dam casere, (\Omnes dii gentium demonia, dominus autem
caelos fecit\) ; Ealle +t+ara h+a+denra godas synd gramlice
deofla, and ure Drihten so+dlice geworhte heofonas.
<R 20>
+tine godas, casere, syndon gyldene and sylfrene, st+anene and
treowene, getreowleasera manna handgeweorc, and ge him weardas
setta+d +te hi bewacia+d wi+d +teofas.
<R 23>
Hw+at +ta Datianus deofollice geyrsode ongean +done halgan
wer, and het hine secgan of hwilcere byrig
he w+are o+d+de hw+at his nama w+are.
<R 26>
+ta andwyrde Georius +dam arleasan and cw+a+d, Ic eom so+dlice
Cristen and ic Criste +teowige.
<R 28>
Georius ic eom gehaten, and ic h+abbe ealdordom on minum
earde, +de is gehaten Cappadocia, and me bet lica+d to
forl+atenne nu +tisne hwilwendlican wur+dmynt, and +t+as
wuldorfullan Godes cynedome gehyrsumian on haligre drohtnunge.
<R 33>
+ta cw+a+d Datianus, +tu dwelast, Geori, geneal+ac nu +arest
and geoffra +tine lac
<P II,310>
+tam unoferswi+dendum Apolline, se+de so+tlice m+ag +tinre
nytennysse gemiltsian, and to his manr+adene gebigan.
<R 37>
Georius +ta befran +tone feondlican casere, hw+a+der is to
lufigenne, o+d+de hwam lac to offrigenne, +dam
H+alende Criste ealra woruldra alysend o+t+te Apolline ealra
deofla ealdre?
<R 41>
Hw+at +da Datianus mid deofollicum graman het +done halgan wer
on hencgene ah+abban, and mid isenum clawum clifrian his lima,
and ontendan blysan +at bam his sidum.
<R 45>
het hine +ta si+d+dan of +d+are ceastre al+adan and mid
swinglum +treagen and mid sealte gnidan; ac se halga wer
wunode ungederod.
<R 48>
+ta het se casere hine on cwearterne don, and het geaxian ofer
eall sumne +alt+awne dry.
<R 50>
+ta geaxode +t+at Athanasius se dry, and com to +dam casere,
and hine caflice befran, hwi hete +du me feccan +tus f+arlice
to +te?
<R 53>
Datianus andwyrde Athanasie +dus, Miht +tu adw+ascan +t+ara
Cristenra drycr+aft?
<R 55>
+ta andwyrde se dry Datiane +dus, Hat cuman to me +tone
Cristenan mann, and beo ic scyldig gif ic his
scyncr+aft ne m+ag mid ealle adw+ascan mid minum drycr+afte.
<R 59>
+ta f+agnode Datianus +t+at he funde swylcne dry, and het of
cwearterne l+adan +done godes cempan, and cw+a+d to +dam
halgan mid hetelicum mode, For +de, geori, ic begeat +tisne
dry; oferswy+d his drycr+aft o+d+de he +te oferswy+de,
o+d+de he fordo +te o+d+de +tu fordo hine.
<R 65>
Georius +da beheold +tone h+a+denan dry, and cw+a+d +t+at he
gesawe Cristes gife on him.
<P II,312>
<R 67>
Athanasius +da ardlice genam +anne mycelne bollan mid bealuwe
afylled, and deoflum bet+ahte +done drenc ealne, and sealde
him drincan ac hit him ne derode.
<R 71>
+ta cw+a+d eft se dry, Git ic do an +tincg, and gif him +t+at
ne dera+d, Ic buge to Criste.
<R 73>
He genam +da ane cuppan mid cwealmberum drence, and clypode
swy+de to sweartum deoflum, and to +dam fyrmestum deoflum,
and to +dam ful strangum, and on heora naman begol +tone
gramlican drenc, sealde +da drincan +tam Drihtnes halgan;
ac him naht ne derode se deofollica w+ata.
<R 79>
+da geseah se dry +t+at he him derian ne mihte, and feol to
his fotum fulluhtes biddende; and se halga Georius hine sona
gefullode.
<R 82>
Hw+at +da Datianus deoflice wear+d gram, and het geniman +tone
dry +te +t+ar gelyfde on God, and l+adan of +d+are byrig and
beheafdian sona.
<R 85>
Eft on +tam o+trum d+age het se arleasa casere gebindan
Georium on anum bradum hweowle, and twa scearpe swurd settan
him togeanes, and swa up ateon and underb+ac sceofan.
<R 89>
+ta geb+ad Georius hine bealdlice to Gode, (\Deus in
adiutorium meum intende; domine, ad adiuuandum me
festina\) ; God beseoh +du on minum fultume, drihten, efst +tu
nu me to fultumigenne, and he wear+d +ta gebroht mid +tysum
geb+ade on +tam hweowle.
<R 93>
+ta tyrndon +ta h+a+denan hetelice +t+at hweowl, ac hit sona
tob+arst and beah to eor+dan, and se halga wer wunode
ungederod.
<R 96>
Datianus +ta dreorig wear+d on mode,
<P I,314>
and swor +durh +da sunnan, and +durh ealle his godas,
+t+at he mid mislicum witum hine wolde fordon.
<R 99>
+da cw+a+d se eadiga Georius him to, +tine +deowracan synd
hwilwendlice, ac ic ne forhtige for +dinum gebeote, +tu h+afst
minne lichaman on +dinum anwealde, ac +du n+afst swa +teah
mine sawle, ac God.
<R 104>
+ta het se casere his cwelleras feccan +anne +arene hwer, and
hine ealne afyllan mid weallendum leade,
and lecgan Georium innon +done hw+ar, +ta+da he hattost w+as.
<R 108>
+ta ahof se halga to heofonum his eagan, his Drihten biddende
and bealdlice cwe+dende, Ic gange into +te on mines Drihtnes
naman, and ic hopige on Drihten +t+at he me ungederodne of
+disum weallendum hwere wylle nu ahreddan, +tam is lof and
wuldor geond ealle woruld.
<R 114>
And he bletsode +t+at lead and l+ag him onuppan, and +t+at
lead wear+d acolod +turh Godes mihte, and Georius s+at
gesund on +dam hwere.
<R 117>
+da cw+a+d se casere to +tam Cristes +tegene, Nast +tu, la
Geori, +t+at ure Godas swinca+d mid +te, and git hi synd
ge+tyldige +t+at hi +te miltsion.
<R 120>
Nu l+are ic +de swa swa leofne sunu, +t+at +du +t+ara
cristenra lare forl+ate mid ealle, and to minum r+ade
hra+de gebuge, swa +t+at +du offrige +tam arwur+dan Appolline,
and +tu mycelne wur+dmynt miht swa begitan.
<R 125>
+ta se halga martyr mid +dam halgan gaste afylled, smearcode
mid mu+de and to +dam manfullan cw+a+d, Us gedafena+d to
offrigenne +tam undeadlicum Gode.
<P II,316>
<R 128>
+after +disum bebead se ablenda Datianus +t+at mann his deadan
godas deorwur+dlice fr+atewode, and +t+at deofles templ mid
deorwur+dan seolfre; and het +tider l+adan +tone geleaffullan
martyr, wende +t+at he wolde wur+dian his godas, and his lac
geoffrian +dam lifleasum godum.
<R 134>
Hw+at +da Georius to eor+dan abeah +tus biddende his Drihten
gebigedum cneowum, Gehyr nu, God +almihtig,
+tines +teowan bene, and +tas earman anlicnyssa mid ealle
fordo, swa swa wex formylt for hatan fyre,
+t+at menn +de oncnawan and on +de gelyfan, +t+at +tu eart ana
God, +almihtig scyppend.
<R 141>
+after +disum gebede b+arst ut of heofonum swy+de f+arlic fyr,
and forbernde +t+at templ, and ealle +da godas grundlunga 
suncon into +t+are eor+dan, and ne +ateowdon si+d+dan.
<R 145>
Eac swylce +ta sacerdas suncon for+d mid, and sume +da
h+a+denan +te +t+ar gehende stodon; and Georius axode +tone
arleasan casere, On hwilcum godum tihst +tu us to gelyfenne?
<R 149>
Hu magon hi ahreddan +de fram frecednyssum, +tonne hi ne
mihton hi sylfe ahreddan?
<R 151>
Hw+at +da Datianus gedihte +tisne cwyde, and het +dus acwellan
+tone Godes cempan, Nima+d +tisne scyldigan +te mid
scincr+afte towende ure arwur+dan godas mid ealle to duste,
and draga+d hine niwelne his neb to eor+dan geond ealle +das
str+at and st+anene wegas, and ofslea+d hine sy+t+tan mid
swurdes ecge.
<R 158>
+ta tugon +ta h+a+denan +tone halgan wer swa Datianus him
gediht h+afde,
<P II,318>
o+d+t+at hi comon to +d+are cwealmstowe, and se martyr b+ad
+t+at he hine gebiddan moste to +dam +almihtigan Gode and his
gast bet+acan.
<R 163>
He +tancode +da Gode eallra his godnyssa, +t+at he hine
gescylde wi+d +tone swicolan deofol, and him sige
forgeaf +turh so+dne geleafan.
<R 166>
He geb+ad eac swylce for eall Cristen folc, and +t+at God
forgeafe +t+are eor+dan renas, for +tan +de se h+a+da +ta
hynde +da eor+dan.
<R 169>
+after +disum geb+ade he bletsode hine sylfne, and b+ad his
slagan +t+at he hine sloge.
<R 171>
Mid +tam +de he acweald w+as, +da comon +tyder sona his agene
landleode geleofede on God, and gel+ahton his lic and l+addan
to +t+are byrig +te he on +drowode, and hine +d+ar bebyrigdon
mid mycelre arwur+dnysse, +tam +almihtigan to lofe.
<R 176>
+ta asende Drihten renscuras, and +ta eor+dan gew+aterode +te
+ar w+as forburnen, swa swa Georius b+ad +ar+dan +te he abuge
to slege.
<R 179>
Hw+at +da Datianus wear+d f+arlice ofslagen mid heofonlicum
fyre, and his geferan samod, +ta +da he hamwerd w+as mid his
heah +tegenum, and he becom to helle +ar+dan +te to his huse;
and se halga Georius si+dode to Criste, mid +dam he a wuna+d
on wuldre; Amen.

<Q O3 NN BIL AELIVES26>
<N LIVES STS 26>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>

[^B1.3.26^]
<P III,124>
<R 1>
(\NON AG, NATALE SANCTI OSWALDI REGIS ET MARTYRIS\) .
+AFTER +DAN +DE AUGUSTINUS TO ENGLA LANDE BECOM w+as sum
+a+dele cyning Oswold gehaten on Nor+dhymbra lande, gelyfed
swy+te on God.
<P III,126>
<R 4>
Se ferde on his iugo+de fram his freondum and magum to
Scotlande on s+a, and +t+ar sona wear+d gefullod,
and his geferan samod +te mid him si+tedon.
<R 7>
Betwux +tam wear+d ofslagen Eadwine his eam, Nor+dhymbra
cynincg, on Crist gelyfed, fram Brytta cyninge [{Ceadwalla{]
geciged, and twegen his +aftergengan binnan twam gearum.
<R 11>
And se [{Ceadwalla{] sloh and to sceame tucode +ta
Nor+dhymbran leode +after heora hlafordes fylle, o+t +t+at
Oswold se eadiga his yfelnysse adw+ascte.
<R 14>
Oswold him com to, and him cenlice wi+dfeaht mid lytlum
werode, ac his geleafa hine getrymde, and Crist him gefylste
to his feonda slege.
<R 17>
Oswold +ta ar+arde ane rode sona Gode to wur+dmynte +ar +tan
+te he to +dam gewinne come, and clypode to his geferum, Uton
feallan to +d+are rode, and +tone +almihtigan biddan +t+at he
us ahredde wi+d +tone modigan feond +te us afyllan wile.
<R 22>
God sylf wat geare +t+at we winna+d rihtlice wi+d +tysne
re+dan cyning, to ahredenne ure leode.
<R 24>
Hi feollon +ta ealle mid Oswolde on gebedum, and sy+t+tan on
o+derne mergen eodon to +tam gefeohte, and gewunnon +t+ar
sige swa swa se wealdend heom u+de, for Oswoldes geleafan,
and aledon heora fynd +tone modigan Cedwallan, mid his micclan
werode, +te wende +t+at him ne mihte nan werod wi+dstandan.
<R 30>
Seo ylce rod si+d+dan +te Oswold +t+ar ar+arde on wur+dmynte
+t+ar stod, and wurdon fela geh+alde untrumra manna and eac
swilce nytena +turh +da ylcan rode, swa swa us rehte Beda.
<R 34>
Sum man feoll on ise +t+at his earm tob+arst,
<P III,128>
and l+ag +ta on bedde gebrocod for+dearle, o+d +t+at man him
fette of +d+are fores+adan rode sumne d+al +t+as meoses +te heo
mid beweaxen w+as, and se adliga sona on sl+ape wear+d geh+aled
on +d+are ylcan nihte +turh Oswoldes geearnungum.
<R 40>
Seo stow is gehaten heofonfeld on englisc, wi+d +tone langan
weall +te +ta Romaniscan worhtan, +t+ar +t+ar Oswold oferwann
+tone w+alhreowan cynincg, and +t+ar wear+d si+t+tan ar+ared
swi+de m+are cyrce Gode to wur+dmynte +te wuna+d a on ecnysse.
<R 45>
Hw+at +da, Oswold ongann embe Godes willan to smeagenne, sona
swa he rices geweold, and wolde gebigan his leoda to geleafan,
and to +tam lifigendan Gode.
<R 48>
sende +da to Scotlande, +t+ar se geleafa w+as +da, and b+ad
+da heofodmenn +t+at hi his benum geti+todon, and
him sumne lareow sendon +te his leoda mihte to Gode geweman,
and wear+d +t+as geti+tod.
<R 52>
Hi sendon +ta sona +tam ges+aligan cyninge sumne arwur+dne
bisceop, Aidan gehaten.
<R 54>
Se w+as m+ares lifes man on munuclicre drohtnunge, and he
ealle woruldcara awearp fram his heortan, nanes +tinges
wilnigende butan Godes willan.
<R 57>
Swa hw+at swa him becom of +t+as cyninges gifum, o+d+de ricra
manna, +t+at he hra+de d+alde +tearfum and w+adlum, mid
wellwillendum mode.
<R 60>
Hw+at +da, Oswold cyning his cymes f+agnode, and hine
arwur+dlice underfeng his folce to +dearfe, +t+at heora
geleafa wurde awend eft to Gode fram +tam wi+ters+ace +te
hi to gewende w+aron.
<R 64>
Hit gelamp +ta swa +t+at se geleaffulla cyning gerehte his
witan on heora agenum gereorde +t+as bisceopes bodunge mid
bli+tum mode,
<P III,130>
and w+as his wealhstod for+tan +te he wel cu+te scyttysc,
and se bisceop Aidan ne mihte gebigan his spr+ace to
Nor+dhymbriscum gereorde swa hra+te +ta git.
<R 70>
Se biscop +ta ferde bodigende geond eall Nor+dhymbra lande
geleafan and fulluht, and +ta leode gebigde to Godes geleafan,
and him wel gebysnode mid weorcum symle, and sylf swa leofode
swa swa he l+arde o+dre.
<R 75>
He lufode forh+afednysse and halige r+adinge, and iunge men
teah georne mid lare, swa +t+at ealle his geferan +te him mid
eodon sceoldon sealmas leornian o+d+de sume r+adinge, swa
hwider swa hi ferdon, +tam folce bodigende.
<R 80>
Seldon he wolde ridan, ac si+dode on his fotum, and munuclice
leofode betwux +dam l+awedum folce, mid mycelre
gesceadwisnysse and so+tum m+agnum.
<R 83>
+ta wear+d se cynincg Oswold swi+de +almesgeorn, and eadmod on
+teawum, and on eallum +tingum cystig, and man ahr+arde cyrcan
on his rice geond eall, and mynsterlice gesetnyssa mid micelre
geornfulnysse.
<R 87>
Hit gelamp on sumne s+al +t+at hi s+aton +atg+adere, Oswold
and Aidan on +tam halgan easterd+age; +ta b+ar man +tam
cyninge cynelice +tenunga on anum sylfrenan disce, and
sona +ta inn eode an +t+as cyninges +tegna +te his +almyssan
bewiste, and s+ade +t+at fela +tearfan s+atan geond +ta
str+at, gehwanon cumene to +t+as cyninges +almyssan.
<R 94>
+ta sende se cyning sona +tam +tearfum +tone sylfrenan disc
mid sande mid ealle, and het toceorfan +tone disc,
and syllan +tam +tearfum heora +alcum his d+al, and man
dyde +da swa.
<R 98>
+ta genam Aidanus se +a+dela bisceop
<P III,132>
+t+as cyninges swy+tran hand mid swi+dlicre blysse,
and clypode mid geleafan +tus cw+a+dende him to,
Ne forrotige on brosnunge +teos gebletsode swy+dre hand;
and him eac swa geeode, swa swa Aidanus him b+ad, +t+at
his swi+dre hand is gesundful o+d +tis.
<R 104>
Oswoldes cynerice wear+d gerymed +ta swy+de, swa +t+at feower
+teoda hine underfengon to hlaforde, Peohtas and Bryttas,
Scottas and Angle, swa swa se +almihtiga God hi geanl+ahte
to +dam, for Oswoldes geearnungum +te hine +afre wur+dode.
<R 109>
He fulworhte on Eferwic +t+at +anlice mynster +te his m+ag
Eadwine +ar begunnon h+afde, and he swanc for heofonan rice
mid singalum gebedum, swi+tor +tonne he hogode hu he geheolde
on worulde +ta hwilwendlican ge+tinc+du, +te he hwonlice
lufode.
<R 114>
He wolde +after uhtsange oftost hine gebiddan, and on cyrcan
standan on syndrigum gebedum of sunnan upgange mid swy+dlicre
onbryrdnysse, and swa hw+ar swa he w+as he wur+dode +afre God
upawendum handbredum wi+t +t+as heofones weard.
<R 119>
On +tam ylcan timan com eac sum bisceop fram Rome byrig,
Birinus gehaten, to Westsexena kyninge, Cynegyls gehaten,
se w+as +da git h+a+den, and eall westsexena land.
<R 123>
Birinus witodlice gewende fram Rome be +d+as papan r+ade,
+te +da on Rome w+as, and behet +t+at he wolde Godes willan
gefremman, and bodian +tam h+a+tenum +t+as h+alendes naman,
and +tone so+dan geleafan on fyrlenum landum.
<R 128>
+ta becom he to Westseaxan +te w+as +da gyt h+a+ten, and
gebigde +tone cynincg Kynegyls to Gode,
<P III,134>
and ealle his leode to geleafan mid him.
<R 131>
Hit gelamp +ta swa +t+at se geleaffulla Oswold, Nor+dhymbra
cyning w+as cumen to Cynegylse, and hine to fulluhte nam,
f+agen his gecyrrednysse.
<R 134>
+ta geafon +ta cynegas, Cynegyls and Oswold, +tam halgan
Birine him to bisceopstole +ta burh Dorcanceaster, and he
+t+arbinnan wunode Godes lof ar+arende, and gerihtl+acende
+t+at folc mid lare to geleafan to langum fyrste, o+d +t+at
he ges+alig si+tode to Criste; and his lic wear+t bebyrged
on +d+are ylcan byrig, o+d +t+at H+adde bisceop eft his ban
ferode to Wintanceastre, and mid wur+dmynte gelogode binnan
ealdan mynstre, +t+ar man hine wur+da+d gyt.
<R 143>
Hw+at +ta Oswold cyning his cynedom geheold hlisfullice for
worulde and mid micclum geleafan, and on eallum d+adum his
Drihten arwur+dode, o+d +t+at he ofslagen wear+d for his
folces ware, on +tam nigo+dan geare +te he rices geweold,
+ta +ta he sylf w+as on ylde eahta and +trittig geara.
<R 150>
Hit gewear+d swa be +tam +t+at him wann on Penda, Myrcena
cyning, +te +at his m+ages slege +ar Eadwines cyninges
[{Ceadwallan{] fylste; and se Penda ne cu+de be Criste
nan +tincg, and eall Myrcena folc w+as ungefullod +ta git.
<R 155>
Hi comon +ta to gefeohte to Maserfelda begen, and fengon
tog+adere o+d +t+at +t+ar feollon +ta Cristenan, and +ta
h+a+denan geneal+ahton to +tam halgan Oswolde.
<R 158>
+ta geseah he genealecan his lifes geendunge, and geb+ad for
his folc +te +t+ar feallende sweolt, and bet+ahte heora sawla
and hine sylfne Gode,
<P III,136>
and +tus clypode on his fylle, God gemiltsa urum sawlum.
<R 162>
+ta het se h+a+tena cynincg his heafod ofaslean and his
swi+dran earm, and settan hi to myrcelse.
<R 164>
+ta +after Oswoldes slege, feng Oswig his bro+dor to
Nor+dhymbra rice, and rad mid werode to +t+ar his bro+dor
heafod stod on stacan gef+astnod, and genam +t+at heafod
and his swi+dran hand, and mid arwur+dnysse ferode to
Lindisfarnea cyrcan.
<R 169>
+ta wear+d gefylled swa we her fores+adon +t+at his swi+dre
hand wuna+d hal mid +tam fl+asce, butan +alcere brosnunge,
swa se bisceop gecw+a+d.
<R 172>
Se earm wear+t geled arwur+dlice on scrine of seolfre
asmi+tod, on sancte Petres mynstre binnan Bebbanbyrig,
be +t+are s+a strande, and li+d +t+ar swa andsund swa
he ofaslagen w+as.
<R 176>
His bro+dor dohtor eft si+d+dan on Myrcan wear+d cwen, and
geaxode his ban and gebrohte hi to Lindesige
to Bardanige mynstre, +te heo micclum lufode.
<R 179>
Ac +ta mynstermenn noldon for menniscum gedwylde +tone sanct
underfon, ac man sloh an geteld ofer +ta halgan ban binnan
+t+are licreste.
<R 182>
Hw+at +ta God geswutelode +t+at he halig sanct w+as, swa +t+at
heofonlic leoht ofer +t+at geteld astreht stod up to heofonum
swilce healic sunnbeam ofer ealle +da niht, and +ta leoda
beheoldon geond ealle +ta scire swi+de wundrigende.
<R 187>
+ta wurdon +ta mynstermen micclum afyrhte, and b+adon +t+as on
mergen +t+at hi moston +tone sanct mid arwur+dnysse underfon,
+tone +te hi +ar forsocon.
<R 190>
+ta +dwoh man +ta halgan ban and b+ar into +t+are cyrcan
arwur+dlice on scrine, and gelogodon hi upp; and
+t+ar wurdon geh+alede +turh his halgan geearnunge
<P III,138>
fela mettrume menn fram mislicum co+tum.
<R 194>
+t+at w+ater +te man +ta ban mid a+twoh binnan +t+are cyrcan
wear+d agoten swa on anre hyrnan, and seo eor+de
si+t+tan +te +t+at w+ater underfeng wear+d manegum to bote.
<R 198>
Mid +tam duste wurdon afligde deofla fram mannum, +ta +te on
wodnysse +ar w+aron gedrehte.
<R 200>
Eac swilce +t+ar he feol on +tam gefeohte ofslagen men namon
+da eor+dan to adligum mannum, and dydon on w+ater wanhalum
to +ticgenne, and hi wurdon geh+alede, +turh +tone halgan wer.
<R 204>
Sum wegfarende man ferde wi+d +tone feld, +ta wear+d his hors
gesicclod, and sona +t+ar feol, wealwigende geond +da eor+dan
wodum gelicost.
<R 207>
Mid +tam +te hit swa wealweode geond +tone widgillan feld, +ta
becom hit embe lang +t+ar se cynincg Oswold on +tam gefeohte
feoll swa swa we +ar fores+adan; and hit sona aras, swa hit
hrepode +ta stowe, hal eallum limum, and se hlaford +t+as
f+agnode.
<R 212>
Se ridda +ta ferde for+d on his weg +tider he gemynt h+afde.
<R 213>
+ta w+as +t+ar an m+aden licgende on paralisyn lange gebrocod;
He began +ta to gereccenne hu him on rade getimode, and mann
ferode +t+at m+aden to +t+are fores+adan stowe.
<R 217>
Heo wear+d +da on sl+ape and sona eft awoc ansund eallum limum
fram +tam egeslican broce; band +ta hire heafod and bli+de
ham ferde, gang+ande on fotum swa heo gefyrn +ar ne dyde.
<R 221>
Eft si+d+dan ferde eac sum +arendf+ast ridda be +d+are ylcan
stowe, and geband on anum cla+te of +tam halgan duste +t+are
deorwur+dan stowe, and l+adde for+d mid him +t+ar he fundode
to.
<P III,140>
<R 225>
+ta gemette he gebeoras bli+de +at +tam huse; he aheng +ta
+t+at dust on +anne heahne post and s+at mid +tam gebeorum
blissigende samod.
<R 228>
Man worhte +ta micel fyr to middes +dam gebeorum, and +ta
spearcan wundon wi+d +t+as rofes swy+de, o+d +t+at
+t+at hus f+arlice eall on fyre wear+d, and +ta gebeoras
flugon afyrhte aweg.
<R 232>
+t+at hus wear+t +da forburnon buton +tam anum poste +te +t+at
halige dust on ahangen w+as.
<R 234>
Se post ana +atstod ansund mid +tam duste, and hi swy+de
wundrodon +t+as halgan weres geearnunga +t+at +t+at
fyr ne mihte +ta moldan forb+arnan.
<R 237>
And manega menn si+d+dan gesohton +tone stede heora h+ale
feccende, and heora freonda gehwilcum.
<R 239>
+ta asprang his hlisa geond +ta land wide, and eac swilce to
Irlande and eac su+t to Franclande, swa swa sum m+assepreost
be anum men s+ade.
<R 242>
Se preost cw+a+d +t+at an wer w+are on Irlande gel+ared, se ne
gymde his lare, and he lithwon hogode embe
his sawle +tearfe, o+d+de his scyppendes beboda, ac adreah
his lif on dyslicum weorcum o+d +d+at he wear+d geuntrumod
and to ende gebroht.
<R 247>
+ta clypode he +tone preost +te hit cydde eft +tus, and cw+a+d
him to sona mid sarlicre stemne, Nu ic sceall geendian
earmlicum dea+te, and to helle faran for fracodum d+adum.
<R 251>
Nu wolde ic gebetan gif ic abidan moste, and to Gode gecyrran
and to godum +teawum, and min lif awendan eall to Godes willan;
and ic wat +t+at ic ne eom wyr+de +t+as fyrstes buton sum
halga me +tingie to +tam H+alende Criste.
<R 256>
Nu is us ges+ad +t+at sum halig cyning
<P III,142>
is on eowrum earde, Oswold gehaten; nu gif +tu +anig +tincg
h+afst of +t+as halgan religuium, syle me, ic +te bidde.
<R 259>
+da s+ade se preost him, Ic h+abbe of +tam stocce +te his
heafod on stod, and gif +tu gelyfan wylt, +tu wur+test hal
sona.
<R 262>
Hw+at +ta se m+assepreost +t+as mannes ofhreow, and scof on
halig w+ater of +tam halgan treowe, sealde +tam
adligan of to supenne, and he sona gewyrpte, and sy+d+dan
leofode lange on wurulde, and gewende to Gode mid eallre
heortan and mid halgum weorcum; and swa hwider swa he com
he cydde +tas wundra.
<R 269>
For+ty ne sceall nan mann aw+agan +t+at he sylfwylles beh+at
+tam +almihtigan Gode, +tonne he adlig bi+d, +te
l+as +te he sylf losige, gif he alih+d Gode +t+at.
<R 272>
Nu cw+a+d se halga Beda +te +das boc gedihte, +t+at hit nan
wundor nys, +t+at se halga cynincg untrumnysse
geh+ale nu he on heofonum leofa+d, for +dan +te he wolde
gehelpan, +ta +ta he her on life w+as, +tearfum and wannhalum,
and him bigwiste syllan.
<R 277>
Nu h+af+d he +tone wur+dmynt on +t+are ecan worulde, mid +tam
+almihtigan Gode, for his godnysse.
<R 279>
Eft se halga Cu+dberht, +ta +ta he git cnapa w+as, geseah hu
Godes +anglas feredon Aidanes sawle, +t+as halgan bisceopes,
bli+de to heofonum, to +tam ecan wuldre +te he
on worulde geearnode.
<R 283>
+t+as halgan Oswoldes ban wurdon eft gebroht +after manegum
gearum to Myrcena lande into Gleawceastre, and God +t+ar
geswutelode oft feala wundra +turh +tone halgan wer.
<R 287>
Sy +t+as wuldor +tam +almihtigan Gode, +de on ecnysse rixa+d a
to worulde; AMEN.

<Q O3 NN BIL AELIVES32>
<N LIVES STS 32>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>

[^B1.3.31^]
<P IV,314>
<R 1>
(\XII KAL DECEMBRES, PASSIO SANCTI EADMVNDI REGIS ET
MARTYRIS\) .
SVM SWY+DE GEL+ARED MUNUC com su+tan ofer s+a fram sancte
Benedictes stowe on +A+telredes cynincges d+age
to Dunstane +arcebisceope, +trim gearum +ar he for+dferde;
and se munuc hatte Abbo.
<R 4>
+ta wurdon hi +at spr+ace o+t+t+at Dunstan rehte be sancte
Eadmunde, swa swa Eadmundes swurdbora hit rehte +A+telstane
cynincge +ta +ta Dunstan iung man w+as, and se swurdbora w+as
forealdod man.
<R 7>
+ta gesette se munuc ealle +ta gereccednysse on anre bec, and
eft +da +ta seo boc com to us binnan feawum gearum +ta awende
we hit on Englisc, swa swa hit her+after stent.
<R 10>
Se munuc +ta Abbo binnan twam gearum gewende ham to his
mynstre and wear+d sona to abbode geset on +tam ylcan mynstre.
<R 13>
EADMUND SE EADIGA EASTENGLA CYNINCG w+as snotor and wur+dfull,
and wur+dode symble mid +a+telum +teawum +tone +almihtigan God.
<R 16>
He w+as eadmod and ge+tungen, and swa anr+ade +turhwunode
+t+at he nolde abugan to bysmorfullum leahtrum,
ne on na+tre healfe he ne ahylde his +teawas, ac w+as symble
gemyndig +t+are so+tan lare.
<R 20>
[{Gif{] +tu eart to heafodmen geset, ne ahefe +tu +de, ac beo
betwux mannum swa swa an man of him.
<R 22>
He w+as cystig w+adlum and wydewum swa swa f+ader,
<P IV,316>
and mid welwillendnysse gewissode his folc symle to
rihtwisnysse, and +tam re+tum styrde, and ges+aliglice
leofode on so+tan geleafan.
<R 26>
Hit gelamp +da +at nextan +t+at +ta Deniscan leode ferdon mid
sciphere hergiende and sleande wide geond land swa swa heora
gewuna is.
<R 29>
On +tam flotan w+aron +ta fyrmestan heafodmen Hinguar and
Hubba, geanl+ahte +turh deofol, and hi on Nor+dhymbralande
gelendon mid +ascum, and aweston +t+at land, and +ta leoda
ofslogon.
<R 33>
+ta gewende Hinguar east mid his scipum, and Hubba belaf on
Nor+dhymbralande, gewunnenum sige mid w+alhreownysse.
<R 36>
Hinguar +ta becom to eastenglum rowende, on +tam geare +te
+alfred +a+delincg an and twentig geare w+as, se +te
westsexena cynincg si+t+tan wear+d m+are.
<R 39>
And se fores+ada Hinguar f+arlice swa swa wulf on lande
bestalcode, and +ta leode sloh weras and wif,
and +ta ungewittigan cild, and to bysmore tucode +ta bilewitan
Cristenan.
<R 43>
He sende +da sona sy+d+dan to +tam cyninge beotlic +arende,
+t+at he abugan sceolde to his manr+adene gif he rohte his
feores.
<R 46>
Se +arendraca com +ta to Eadmunde cynincge and Hinguares
+arende him ardlice abead.
<R 48>
Hinguar ure cyning, cene and sigef+ast on s+a and on lande,
h+af+d fela +teoda gewyld,
<P IV,318>
and com nu mid fyrde f+arlice her to lande +t+at he her
wintersetl mid his werode h+abbe.
<R 52>
Nu het he +te d+alan +tine digelan goldhordas and +tinra
yldrena gestreon ardlice wi+d hine, and +tu beo
his underkyning, gif +du cucu beon wylt, for+dan+te +du n+afst
+ta mihte +t+at +tu mage him wi+dstandan.
<R 56>
Hw+at +ta Eadmund clypode +anne bisceop +te him +ta gehendost
w+as, and wi+d hine smeade hu he +tam re+tan Hinguare
andwyrdan sceolde.
<R 59>
+ta forhtode se bisceop for +tam f+arlican gelimpe, and for
+t+as cynincges life, and cw+a+t +t+at him r+ad +tuhte +t+at
he to +tam gebuge +te him bead Hinguar.
<R 62>
+ta suwode se cynincg and beseah to +t+are eor+tan, and cw+a+t
+ta +at nextan cynelice him to, Eala +tu bisceop, to bysmore
synd getawode +tas earman landleoda, and me nu leofre w+are
+t+at ic on feohte feolle wi+d +tam +te min folc moste heora
eardes brucan.
<R 67>
And se bisceop cw+a+t, Eala +tu leofa cyning, +tin folc li+d
ofslagen, and +tu n+afst +tone fultum +t+at +tu feohtan m+age,
and +tas flotmen cuma+d, and +te cucenne gebinda+d butan +tu
mid fleame +tinum feore gebeorge, o+d+de +tu +te swa gebeorge
+t+at +tu buge to him.
<R 73>
+ta cw+a+d Eadmund cyning swa swa he ful cene w+as, +t+as ic
gewilnige and gewisce mid mode, +t+at ic ana ne belife +after
minum leofum +tegnum +te on heora bedde wurdon, mid bearnum
and wifum, f+arlice ofsl+agene fram +tysum flotmannum.
<P IV,320>
<R 78>
N+as me n+afre gewunelic +t+at ic worhte fleames, ac ic wolde
swi+dor sweltan gif ic +torfte for minum agenum earde, and se
+almihtiga God wat +t+at ic nelle abugan fram his biggengum
+afre, ne fram his so+tan lufe, swelte ic, lybbe ic.
<R 83>
+after +tysum wordum he gewende to +tam +arendracan +te
Hinguar him to sende, and s+ade him unforht, Witodlice +tu
w+are wyr+de sleges nu, ac ic nelle afylan on +tinum
fulum blode mine cl+anan handa, for+dan+te ic Criste folgie,
+te us swa gebysnode, and ic bli+delice wille beon ofslagen
+turh eow gif hit swa god foresceawa+d.
<R 90>
Far nu swi+te hra+de, and sege +tinum re+tan hlaforde, ne
abih+d n+afre Eadmund Hingware on life, h+a+tenum heretogan,
buton he to H+alende Criste +arest mid geleafan on
+tysum lande gebuge.
<R 94>
+ta gewende se +arendraca ardlice aweg, and gemette be w+age
+tone w+alhreowan Hingwar mid eallre his fyrde fuse to
Eadmunde, and s+ade +tam arleasan hu him geandwyrd w+as.
<R 98>
Hingwar +ta bebead mid bylde +tam sciphere +t+at hi +t+as
cynincges anes ealle cepan sceoldon, +te his h+ase forseah,
and hine sona bindan.
<R 101>
Hw+at +ta Eadmund cynincg mid +tam +te Hingwar com, stod innan
his healle +t+as H+alendes gemyndig, and awearp his w+apna,
wolde ge+afenl+acan Cristes gebysnungum, +te forbead Petre
<P IV,322>
mid w+apnum to winnenne wi+d +ta w+alhreowan Iudeiscan.
<R 106>
Hw+at +ta arleasan +ta Eadmund gebundon, and gebysmrodon
huxlice, and beoton mid saglum; and swa sy+d+dan l+addon
+tone geleaffullan cyning to anum eor+df+astum treowe,
and tigdon hine +t+arto mid heardum bendum, and hine eft
swuncgon langlice mid swipum, and he symble clypode betwux
+tam swinglum mid so+dan geleafan to H+alende Criste,
and +ta h+a+tenan +ta for his geleafan wurdon wodlice yrre
for+tan+te he clypode Crist him to fultume.
<R 116>
Hi scuton +ta mid gafelucum swilce him to gamenes to, o+d
+t+at he eall w+as bes+at mid heora scotungum swilce igles
byrsta, swa swa Sebastianus w+as.
<R 119>
+ta geseah Hingwar, se arlease flotman, +t+at se +a+tela
cyning nolde Criste wi+dsacan, ac mid anr+adum geleafan hine
+afre clypode, het hine +ta beheafdian and +ta h+a+denan
swa dydon.
<R 123>
Betwux +tam +te he clypode to Criste +tagit, +ta tugon +ta
h+a+tenan +tone halgan to sl+age, and mid anum swencge slogon
him of +t+at heafod, and his sawl si+tode ges+alig to Criste.
<R 127>
+t+ar w+as sum man gehende, gehealden +turh God behyd +tam
h+a+tenum, +te +tis gehyrde eall, and hit eft s+ade swa swa
we hit secga+d her.
<R 130>
Hw+at +da se flothere ferde eft to scipe, and behyddon +t+at
heafod +t+as halgan Eadmundes
<P IV,324>
on +tam +ticcum bremelum +t+at hit bebyrged ne wurde.
<R 133>
+ta +after fyrste, sy+d+dan hi afarene w+aron, com +t+at
landfolc to +te +t+ar to lafe w+as +ta, +t+ar heora hlafordes
lic l+ag butan heafde, and wurdon swi+de sarige for his slege
on mode, and huru +t+at hi n+afdon +t+at heafod to +tam
bodige.
<R 138>
+ta s+ade se sceawere +te hit +ar geseah +t+at +ta flotmen
h+afdon +t+at heafod mid him, and w+as him ge+duht swa swa hit
w+as ful so+d +t+at hi behyddon +t+at heafod on +tam holte
forhwega.
<R 142>
Hi eodon +ta secende ealle endemes to +tam wuda, secende
gehw+ar geond +tyfelas and bremelas gif hi ahw+ar mihton
gemeton +t+at heafod.
<R 145>
W+as eac micel wundor +t+at an wulf wear+d asend, +turh Godes
wissunge to bewerigenne +t+at heafod wi+d +ta o+tre deor,
ofer d+ag and niht.
<R 148>
Hi eodon +ta secende, and symle clypigende, swa swa hit
gewunelic is +tam +de on wuda ga+d oft, Hw+ar eart +tu nu
gefera?
<R 150>
And him andwyrde +t+at heafod, Her, her, her; and swa gelome
clypode andswarigende him eallum, swa oft swa heora +anig
clypode, o+t+t+at hi ealle becomen +turh +da clypunga him to.
<R 154>
+ta l+ag se gr+aga wulf +te bewiste +t+at heafod, and mid his
twam fotum h+afde +t+at heafod beclypped, gr+adig and hungrig,
and for Gode ne dorste +t+as heafdes abyrian,
and heold hit wi+d deor.
<R 158>
+ta wurdon hi ofwundrode +t+as wulfes hyrdr+adenne,
<P IV,326>
and +t+at halige heafod ham feredon mid him, +tancigende +tam
+almihtigan ealra his wundra; ac se wulf folgode for+d
mid +tam heafde o+t+t+at hi to tune comon,
swylce he tam w+are, and gewende eft si+t+tan to wuda ongean.
<R 164>
+ta landleoda +ta si+t+tan ledon +t+at heafod to +tam halgan
bodige, and bebyrigdon hine swa swa hi selost mihton on
swylcere hr+adinge and cyrcan ar+ardan sona him onuppon.
<R 168>
Eft +ta on fyrste, +after fela gearum, +ta seo hergung geswac
and sibb wear+d forgifen +tam geswenctan folce, +ta fengon hi
tog+adere and worhton ane cyrcan wur+dlice +tam halgan,
for+tan+de gelome wundra wurdon +at his byrgene, +at +tam
geb+adhuse +t+ar he bebyrged w+as.
<R 174>
Hi woldon +ta ferian mid folclicum wur+dmynte +tone halgan
lichaman, and l+acgan innan +t+are cyrcan.
<R 176>
+ta w+as micel wundor +t+at he w+as eall swa gehal swylce he
cucu w+are mid cl+anum lichaman, and his swura w+as gehalod
+te +ar w+as forslagen, and w+as swylce an seolcen +tr+ad
embe his swuran r+ad, mannum to sweotelunge hu he ofslagen
w+as.
<R 181>
Eac swilce +ta wunda +te +ta w+alhreowan h+a+tenan mid gelomum
scotungum on his lice macodon, w+aron geh+alede +turh +tone
heofonlican God, and he li+t swa ansund o+t +tisne andwerdan
d+ag,
<P IV,328>
andbidigende +aristes, and +t+as ecan wuldres.
<R 186>
His lichaman us cy+d, +te li+d unformolsnod, +t+at he butan
forligre her on worulde leofode, and mid cl+anum life to
Criste si+tode.
<R 189>
Sum wudewe wunode Oswyn gehaten +at +t+as halgan byrgene on
gebedum and f+astenum manega gear sy+d+dan.
<R 192>
seo wolde efsian +alce geare +tone Sanct, and his n+aglas
ceorfan syferlice mid lufe, and on scryne healdan to
haligdome on weofode.
<R 195>
+ta wur+dode +t+at landfolc mid geleafan +tone sanct, and
+teodred bisceop +tearle mid gifum on golde and on seolfre,
+tam sancte to wur+dmynte.
<R 198>
+ta comon on sumne s+al unges+alige +teofas, eahta on anre
nihte to +tam arwur+dan halgan, woldon stelan +ta ma+dmas
+te men +tyder brohton, and cunnodon mid cr+afte
hu hi in cumon mihton.
<R 202>
Sum sloh mid slecge swi+de +ta h+apsan, sum heora mid feolan
feolode abutan, sum eac underdealf +ta duru mid spade, sum
heora mid hl+addre wolde unlucan +t+at +ag+dyrl; ac hi
swuncon on idel, and earmlice ferdon, swa +t+at se halga wer
hi wundorlice geband, +alcne swa he stod strutigende mid tole,
+t+at heora nan ne mihte +t+at mor+d gefremman, ne hi +tanon
astyrian, ac stodon swa o+d mergen.
<R 211>
Men +ta +t+as wundrodon hu +ta weargas hangodon,
<P IV,330>
sum on hl+addre, sum leat to gedelfe, and +alc on his weorce
w+as f+aste gebunden.
<R 214>
Hi wurdon +ta gebrohte to +tam bisceope ealle, and he het hi
hon on heagum gealgum ealle; ac he n+as na gemyndig hu se
mildheorta God clypode +turh his witegan +tas word +te her
standa+d, (\Eos qui ducuntur ad mortem eruere ne cesses\) ;
+ta +te man l+at to dea+de alys hi ut symble.
<R 220>
And eac +ta halgan canones gehadodum forbeoda+d ge bisceopum
ge preostum, to beonne embe +teofas, for+tan+te hit ne
gebyra+t +tam +te beo+d gecorene Gode to +tegnigenne +t+at hi
ge+tw+arl+acan sceolon on +aniges mannes dea+de, gif hi beo+d
Drihtnes +tenas.
<R 225>
Eft +ta +deodred bisceop sceawode his bec sy+d+dan behreowsode
mid geomerunge +t+at he swa re+dne dom sette +tam unges+aligum
+teofum, and hit besargode +afre o+d his lifes ende; and +ta
leode b+ad georne, +t+at hi him mid f+astan fullice +try dagas,
biddende +tone +almihtigan +t+at he him arian scolde.
<R 231>
On +tam lande w+as sum man, Leofstan gehaten, rice for worulde
and unwittig for Gode, se rad to +tam halgan mid riccetere
swi+de, and het him +ateowian orhlice swi+de +tone halgan
sanct hw+a+ter he gesund w+are, ac swa hra+de swa he geseah
+t+as sanctes lichaman, +ta awedde he sona and w+alhreowlice
grymetede, and earmlice geendode yfelum dea+de.
<P IV,332>
<R 239>
+tis is +dam gelic +te se geleaffulla papa Gregorius s+ade on
his gesetnysse be +dam halgan Laurentie +de li+d on Romebyrig,
+t+at menn woldon sceawian symle hu he lage, ge gode ge yfele,
ac God hi gestilde, swa +t+at +t+ar swulton on +t+are
sceawunge ane seofon menn +atg+adere.
<R 245>
+ta geswicon +ta o+tre to sceawigenne +tone martyr mid
menniscum gedwylde.
<R 247>
Fela wundra we gehyrdon on folclicre spr+ace be +tam halgan
Eadmunde +te we her nella+t on gewrite settan, ac hi wat gehwa.
<R 250>
On +tyssum halgan is swutel, and on swilcum o+trum, +t+at God
+almihtig m+ag +tone man ar+aran eft on domes
d+ag andsundne of eor+tan, se +te hylt Eadmunde halne his
lichaman, o+d +tone micclan d+ag, +teah +de he of moldan come.
<R 255>
Wyr+de is seo stow for +tam wur+dfullan halgan +t+at hi man
wur+tige and wel gelogige mid cl+anum Godes +teowum, to
Cristes +teowdome, for+tan+te se halga is m+arra +tonne
men magon asmeagan.
<R 259>
Nis Angelcynn bed+aled Drihtnes halgena, +tonne on Englalanda
licga+t swilce halgan swylce +t+as halga cyning is, and
Cu+tberht se eadiga, and sancte +A+teldry+d on Elig, and eac
hire swustor, ansunde on lichaman, geleafan to trymminge.
<R 264>
Synd eac fela o+dre on Angelcynne halgan
<P IV,334>
+te fela wundra wyrca+d, swa swa hit wide is cu+d +tam
+almihtigan to lofe, +te hi on gelyfdon.
<R 267>
Crist geswutela+t mannum +turh his m+aran halgan +t+at he is
+almihtig God +te maca+d swilce wundra +teah +te
+ta earman Iudei hine eallunge wi+dsocen, for+tan+te hi synd
awyrgede swa swa hi wiscton him sylfum.
<R 271>
Ne beo+d nane wundra geworhte +at heora byrgenum, for+dan+te
hi ne gelyfa+d on +tone lifigendan Crist, ac Crist geswutela+d
mannum hw+ar se so+da geleafa is, +tonne he swylce wundra
wyrc+d +turh his halgan wide geond +tas eor+dan.
<R 275>
+t+as him sy wuldor a mid his heofonlican f+ader, and +tam
halgan gaste a buton ende; AMEN.



<B COGREGD3>
<Q O2/3 NN BIL GDH>
<N GREG DIAL H>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  GREGORY THE GREAT, DIALOGUES (MS H).
BISCHOFS WAERFERTH VON WORCESTER
UEBERSETZUNG DER DIALOGE GREGORS
DES GROSSEN.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, V.
ED. H. HECHT.
LEIPZIG: GEORG H. WIGAND'S VERLAG, 1900.
PP. 16.6   - 25.28   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 51.32  - 61.19   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 134.22 - 143.23  (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B9.5.8.2^]

<P 16>
[}BE LIBERTINE, HU HE N+AS FUNDEN, +TEAH +TE HE 
ANDWEARD W+ARE}]
On +tam ylcan timan gelamp on Langbeardana landes d+alum,
+t+at Bucellinus com mid Francum, for+tam +te
he gehyrde +tone hlisan of +tam mynstre +t+as foresprecenan
Godes +teowes & him w+as ges+ad, +t+at he mycel
feoh on +tam mynstre h+afde.
<R 3.16.13>
+ta ongunnon +ta Francan steppan in to +t+are cyricean &
re+dgiende Libertinum sohton & hine mid 
hreame axodon +t+ar +t+ar he on his gebedum l+ag astreht 
eallum limum.
<R 3.16.19>
W+as +t+ar wundorlic +ting geworden, +t+at +tonne +ta
re+dgiendan Francan inneodon hine secende, hi spurnon
mid hyra fotum +at +tam halgan were, +t+ar he on his gebedum
l+ag, & hi swa +teah hine geseon ne 
mihton.
<R 3.16.25>
& hy swa mid blindnysse wurdon gedwelede, +t+at hi eft of +tam
mynstre idelhende hwurfon.
<P 17>
<R 4.17.1>
[}HU LIBERTINUS AWEHTE OF DEA+DE SUMES WIFES SUNU.}]
<R 4.17.2>
Eac on o+drum timan he ferde to Rauennam +t+are byrig for
+t+as mynstres +tingum mid h+ase +t+as abbodes, 
+te w+as +t+as mynstres hyrde +after Honorate his lareowe.
<R 4.17.7>
So+dlice se Libertinus gewunode, +t+at, swa hwyder swa he
ferde, simle he b+ar on his bosme +t+as 
arwur+dan Honorates scoh for +t+are mycelan lufe his lareowes.
<R 4.17.11>
Witodlice, +ta +ta he ferde on his weg, +ta gelamp, +t+at sum
wif b+ar hire deadan sunu ongean +tone 
halgan Libertinum.
<R 4.17.15>
Heo +ta hine geornlice beheold & wear+d on+aled mid lufu hire
deadan suna & genam +ta +t+as halgan weres
hors be +tam bridele & mid a+dsware him to cw+a+d, na to
+t+as hwon ne f+arst +tu heonon, buton +tu minne
sunu awecce & hine me cukenne agife.
<R 4.17.23>
He +ta aforhtode for hire halsiendlican bene, for+tam +te him
w+as ungewunelic swilc wundor to 
wyrcenne.
<R 4.17.26>
He wolde +ta +t+at wif forbugan, ac he +turh nan +ting ne
mihte.
<R 4.17.28>
Smeade +ta on his 
<P 18>
mode, hu him w+are on +tam to donne.
<R 4.18.2>
La, Petrus, nu me lyste+d asmeagean, hwilc & hu micel w+are
+t+at gecamp, +te wann on +t+as rihtwisan 
mannes breostum.
<R 4.18.6>
+t+ar fleat betweoh him seo ea+dmodnys his sylfes lifes & seo
arf+astnys & frofor +t+as deadan mannes 
modor.
<R 4.18.9>
Him w+as micel ege, gif he to +tam gedyrstl+ahte, +t+at he
+t+as ungewunelican +tinges to Gode gewilnode, &
he w+as eac to +tam earmheort, +t+at him ofhreow +t+at
astepede wif, gif he ne gehulpe hire sarlican 
dreorinysse.
<R 4.18.15>
Ac +ta to maran wuldre +t+as +almihtigan Godes seo arf+astnys
oferswy+dde +tone strangan breost, for+tam 
n+are +t+as arwur+dan weres breost na oferfunden, gif hine ne
geli+degode seo arf+aste behreowsung +t+are 
mildheortnysse.
<R 4.18.22>
Ac gelihte +ta of his horse & his cneowa gebigde & to
heofonum his handa a+tenode & +tone sco of his
bosme ateah & hine asette ofer +t+as deadan cnihtes breost.
<R 4.18.27>
& him +ta gebiddendum +t+as cnihtes sawl gehwearf eft to +tam
lichaman.
<R 4.18.29>
He +ta hine mid his handa genam & hine libbendne ageaf his
wependan meder & ferde him for+d on his 
weg, +te he +ar begann.
<R 4.18.34>
Petrus cw+a+d, hw+at cwe+da+d we, hw+a+der +t+at m+agen +tus
miceles 
<P 19>
wundres gedyde +te Honorates earnung, +te 
Libertines gewilnung?
<R 4.19.3>
Gregorius him andwyrde, on +atywednysse swa wundorlices
tacnes mid +t+as wifes geleafan wear+d 
gesomnod hyra begra m+agen.
<R 4.19.6>
& eac ic wene, +t+at Libertinus mihte +tis gedon, for+tam +te
he getruwode be his lareowes m+agene 
swy+dor, +tonne be his agenum m+agene.
<R 4.19.11>
His lareowes sco he asette on +t+as deadan lichaman breost &
sona butan twynunge begeat +ta sawle, +te
he b+ad.
<R 4.19.14>
So+dlice eac is awriten, +t+at Heliseus se witega becom to
+t+are ea Iordanen & b+ar his lareowes reaf.
<R 4.19.17>
& +ta sloh he +ane on +t+at w+ater mid +tam reafe & wolde him
weg gewyrcean, swa swa he +ar geseah his 
lareow don, ac he ne mihte na +t+at w+ater tod+alan.
<R 4.19.22>
He +ta sona cw+a+d, hw+ar is nu Helias God mines lareowes?
<R 4.19.24>
+da sloh he eft on +tone stream mid his lareowes reafe & him
weg geworhte betweoh +tam w+aterum.
<R 4.19.27>
Ongitst +tu nu, Petrus, hu swi+de seo eadmodnys frema+d, +tam
+te wyrcea+d +ta godan m+agenu?
<R 4.19.29>
& eac +tu miht oncnawan, +t+at Heliseus mihte sona begitan his
lareowes m+agen, +ta +ta he him sylfum to
gemynde geteah his lareowes naman.
<P 20>
<R 4.20.1>
& he sona him sylf geworhte +ta m+agenu, +te his lareow +ar
worhte, for+tam +te he under +tam lareowe 
gehwearf to eadmodnysse.
<R 4.20.4>
Petrus cw+a+d, wel me lica+d +t+as +te +tu s+agst.
<R 4.20.6>
Ac ic bidde +te, +t+at +tu secge me, hw+a+der +tu nu gyta
+anig +ting mare wite be +tam godan men us to lare
& to trymminge.
<R 5.20.11>
[}BE LIBERTINUS GE+TYLDE, +TE HE H+AFDE WI+D HIS ABBOD.}]
<R 5.20.12>
Gregorius him cw+a+d to, gewislice ic m+ag be him mare
secgan, ac ic nat, hw+a+der +anig is, +te hine 
geefenl+acean wille.
<R 5.20.15>
Ic so+dlice gelyfe, +t+at +t+as ge+tyldes m+agen si mare,
+tonne +ta tacna & +ta wundra.
<R 5.20.18>
Hit gelamp sumon d+age, +t+at se abbod, +te +after +t+as
arwur+dan Honorates for+dfore heold +t+as mynstres 
reccendom, mid mycelre hatheortnysse wear+d +tearle gebolgen
wi+d +tone arwur+dan wer Libertinum, swa 
swy+de, +t+at he hine mid his handum hetelice beot.
<R 5.20.25>
& +ta for+tam +te he n+afde n+anne repel hine mid to
+tersceanne, +ta gel+ahte he +tone fotscamul +atforan 
his bedde & beot Libertinum on +t+at heafod & on +ta ansyne,
o+d +t+at eall his andwlita wear+d toswollen
& awannod.
<R 5.20.32>
+da +ta he swa swi+de mid ge+tersce mistucod w+as, +ta gewat
he swigende to his agenum bedde.
<R 5.20.35>
+da o+dre d+age 
<P 21>
h+afde Libertinus gecweden sume gemotstowe
for sumre +tearfe +t+as mynstres.
<R 5.21.3>
& +ta +ta he gefylled h+afde his uhtsang & his gebedu, +ta
eode he to +tam abbode, +t+ar he on his bedde
w+as & eadmodlice b+ad his bledsunge.
<R 5.21.7>
+da gemunde se abbod, hu swi+de se halga wer w+as gelufod &
gearwur+dod fram eallum mannum, wende +ta, 
+t+at he mid ealle of +tam mynstre gewitan wolde for +tam
teonan, +te he him +ar gedyde.
<R 5.21.13>
+ta axode he hine +tus cwe+dende, hwyder wylt +tu faran?
<R 5.21.15>
Him +ta Libertinus andswarode, leof f+ader, ic h+afde
gyrstand+age gecweden, +t+at ic nu tod+ag wolde 
cuman ymbe sume +tearfe +tyses mynstres, & ic for+tam hit nu
yldan ne m+ag.
<R 5.21.21>
hw+at, +ta se abbod of inneweardre his heortan besceawode his
agene re+dnysse & heardnysse, & eac he
gemunde Libertines mycelan eadmodnysse & ge+tw+arnysse, & he
+ta of his bedde for+d ar+asde & 
Libertinum be his fotum genam & cw+a+d, +t+at he wi+d hine 
agylt h+afde & wi+d hine scyldi w+are, for+tam +te he 
ge+tristl+ahte, +t+at he swa micelum & swa m+arum were swa
w+alhreowne teonan gedyde.
<R 5.21.32>
+t+ar ongean +ta 
<P 22>
eac Libertinus hine sylfne on eor+dan
astrehte to +t+as abbodes fotum & cw+a+d, +t+at hit 
w+are for his agenum gylte +t+at broc, +t+at he +tolode, & na
for +t+as abbodes re+dnysse.
<R 5.22.6>
& swa w+as geworden, +t+at se abbod wear+d getogen to mycelre
ge+tw+arnysse, & wear+d +t+as gingran 
eadmodnys +tam abbode to lareowe.
<R 5.22.10>
+ta +ta he for +t+as mynstres +tearfe utferde, swa swa he +ar
gecweden h+afde, +ta beheoldon hine fela his
cu+dra manna, +ag+der ge +a+delborene ge o+dre, +te hine
simle arwur+dedon.
<R 5.22.15>
& hy swy+de wundredon & geornlice axodon, hw+at +t+at +tinga
w+are, +t+at he h+afde swa toswollenne & swa 
wanne andwlitan.
<R 5.22.19>
He +ta him to cw+a+d, gyrstan+afenne me gelamp for minum
synnum, +t+at ic ungewealdes +atspearn +at anum 
fotsceamole, & ic +ta wear+d +tus getucod.
<R 5.22.24>
& se halga wer on his breostum swa geheold +tone wur+dmynd
+t+are so+df+astnysse, swa +t+at he na ne 
ameldode his abbodes un+teawa, ne he eac ne bearn on leasunga
synne.
<R 5.22.29>
Petrus cw+a+d, wena+d we, hw+a+der +tes arwur+da wer
Libertinus, be +tam +tu +tus fela tacna & wundra 
rehtest, on swa rumre & micelre gesamnunge 
<P 23>
l+afde +anie efenl+acendras his m+agena?
<R 6.23.4>
[}III. BE +TAM WYRTWEARDE, HU HE BEBEAD +T+ARE N+ADDRAN +TA 
WYRTA TO HEALDENNE.}]
<R 6.23.6>
Gregorius him andswarode, Felix w+as haten sum bro+dur, se
w+as eac genemned Curuus, +tone +tu sylf wel
cu+dest, se nu niwan wear+d prafost +t+as ylcan mynstres.
<R 6.23.11>
Se me s+ade fela wundorlicra +tinga be +tam bro+drum +t+as
ilcan mynstres.
<R 6.23.13>
Of +tam wundrum ic wille gereccean sume +ting, +te me to
gemynde becuma+d, for+tam +te ic efste to 
o+drum spellum.
<R 6.23.16>
Ac swa +teah ne wene ic na, +t+at sy to forl+atenne an +tara
spella, +te me fram +tam ylcan bre+der ges+ad 
w+as.
<R 6.23.20>
On +tam ylcan mynstre w+as sum m+ares lifes munuc, se w+as
wyrtweard +t+as mynstres.
<R 6.23.22>
+ta gewunode an +teof, +t+at he stah ofer +tone hege &
digellice st+al +ta wyrta.
<R 6.23.25>
Swa se wyrtweard his wyrta geornor & ma plantode, swa he hyra
eft l+as funde, +tonne he to com, & he 
geseah, +t+at sume +ta wyrta w+aron mid fotum fortredene, sume
hy w+aron mid ealle fornumene.
<R 6.23.31>
He +ta utan ymbeode ealne +tone wyrttun, o+d +t+at he funde,
<P 24>
hw+ar se +teof gewunode, +t+at he instah ofer 
+tone hege.
<R 6.24.2>
+ta geondeode he eft +tone wyrttun & gemette ane n+addran,
+t+are he bebeodende +tus to cw+a+d, fylig +tu me.
<R 6.24.6>
& hy +ta becomon to +t+are stigole, +t+ar se +teof innstah on
+tone wyrttun.
<R 6.24.8>
He +ta se wyrtweard bebead +t+are n+addran +tus cwe+dende, on
+t+as h+alendes naman ic +te bebeode, +t+at +tu 
gehealde +tas stigole, & +tu ne l+ate +tone +teof her 
inngangan.
<R 6.24.13>
Seo n+addre +ta hr+addlice hy sylfe oncyrde & big +t+are
stigele hy astrehte, & se munuc gehwearf in to
his cyricean.
<R 6.24.17>
+da +ta ealle men stille w+aron ymb midne d+ag, +ta com se
+teof, swa swa his gewuna w+as, & stah upp on
+tone hege.
<R 6.24.21>
& +ta +ta he his o+derne fot ny+der asette binnon +tone
wyrttun, +ta f+aringa geseah he, +t+at seo 
astrehte n+addre his weg beleac.
<R 6.24.25>
He +ta wear+d on him sylfum swi+de af+ared & ny+derweard
hreas.
<R 6.24.26>
& +ta wear+d his o+der fot be his sco f+ast on anum
hegesahle, & he swa hangode ny+ter onwendum heafde,
o+d +t+at se wyrtweard eft +tyder com.
<R 6.24.31>
+da com se wyrtweard on gewunelicre tide, & he +tone +teof
+t+ar on hege hangiendne funde.
<R 6.24.34>
+da cw+a+d he to +t+are n+addran, Gode +tanc, +t+at +tu
gefylldest, 
<P 25>
+t+at ic +te bebead.
<R 6.25.1>
Far +tu nu swa hwider swa +tu wille.
<R 6.25.2>
& seo n+addre sona +tanon gewat.
<R 6.25.3>
He cw+a+d +ta to +tam +teofe, bro+dor, hw+at is nu?
<R 6.25.5>
Nu h+af+d God +te geseald me on geweald.
<R 6.25.6>
Hu gedyrstl+ahtest +tu, +t+at +tu +tus oft stalodest on
+tysra muneca geswince?
<R 6.25.9>
& he +ta mid +tysum wordum +t+as +teofes fot ahlinode of +tam
hege, +te he +ar f+aste on clifode, & hine 
ungederedne ny+der asette & him to cw+a+d, gang mid me.
<R 6.25.14>
He +ta hine gel+adde to +t+as wyrttunes geate, & +ta wyrta,
+te he +ar mid stale gewilnode to +atbredanne,
+ta he him mid mycelre werednysse sealde & him to cw+a+d,
gang nu & +after +tysum ne stel +tu nan +ting,
ac +tonne +te +tearf beo, gang +tu hider in to me, & +t+at +tu
+ar mid unrihtum geswince gename, +t+at ic +te
mid estfullum mode sylle.
<R 6.25.24>
Petrus cw+a+d, nu o+d +tis, +t+as +te me +tince+d, on idel ic
wende, +t+at on Su+dlangbeardum n+aron nane 
f+aderas, +te wundortacnu wyrcean mihton.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 51>
[}VIII. HU ANASTASIUS & O+DRE SEOFON BRO+DRU W+ARON GECIGEDE OF
+TYSUM LIFE.}]
<R 21.51.32>
Gregorius cw+a+d, eac hit gelamp on +tam ilcan timan, +t+at
<P 52>
se arwur+da wer Anastasius, +t+as gemynd ic 
her bufan dyde, w+as writere on +tysre halgan Romaniscean
cyrcean, +t+are ic +teowie under Godes 
anwealde.
<R 21.52.5>
Se Anastasius forlet +ta scrine his feohgestreones & mynster
geceas & gewilnode, +t+at he hine 
ge+amtogode Gode anum to +teowianne.
<R 21.52.9>
& he +ta on +t+are ilcan stowe, +te ic bufan ymbe spr+ac, seo
is geciged Subpentoma, manega gear his lif
adreah on halgum d+adum & +tam mynstre fore w+as mid
geornlicre heordnysse.
<R 21.52.15>
Witodlice ofer +ta stowe w+as ufan hangiende orm+ate stanclud,
& eac beneo+dan swi+de deop niwolnys 
ginode.
<R 21.52.18>
So+dlice on sumre nihte, +ta +ta se +almihtiga God geteohhode
eallunga to geleanienne +ta geswinc +t+as 
arwur+dan weres Anastasies, fram +tam hean clude w+as gehyred
stefn, seo for+dgel+addum hleo+dre +tus 
clypode & cw+a+d, cum +tu, Anastasius.
<R 21.52.26>
Him +ta swa gecigedum +t+ar wurdon eac o+dre seofon bro+dru
be hyra naman gecigede.
<R 21.52.28>
+ta geswigode swi+de lytle hwile seo stefn, +te +t+ar +ar
clypode, & +ta eft gecigde +tone eahto+dan bro+dor.
<R 21.52.32>
+ta +ta seo gesomnung swa openlice gehyrde +ta stefne, +ta
n+as +t+ar nan twynung, +t+at neal+ahte +tara 
for+dsi+d, +te +t+ar gecigede w+aron.
<P 53>
<R 21.53.1>
Witodlice binnan f+aawum dagum for+dferde +arest se arwur+da
wer Anastasius, & +ta eft +ta o+dre bro+dru 
for+dferdon be [{endebyrdnysse{] , swa swa hi of +t+as
stanclifes heahnysse +ar gecigede w+aron.
<R 21.53.6>
Se bro+dor, +te seo stefn sume hwile geswigode to his
gecigednysse & hine eft genemde, se lifde 
feawa daga +after +tam o+drum sweltendum bro+drum & +ta his 
lif geendode.
<R 21.53.12>
+t+at w+as openlice geswutelod, +t+at seo lytle betweoh
gesette swigung +t+are ufan cumenan stefne 
getacnode +tone lyttlan fyrst to libbanne +tam bre+der ofer 
+ta o+dre, +te +t+ar eac gecigede w+aron.
<R 21.53.17>
Eac +t+ar gelamp wundorlic +ting, +t+at +ta +ta se arwur+da
wer Anastasius for+dferde, +ta w+as on +tam ylcan
mynstre sum bro+dor, +te +after him libban nolde, ac he for+d
onloten to his fotum ongann hine biddan
mid tearum +tus cwe+dende, ic +te halsie +turh +tone, +te +tu
to f+arst, +t+at ic ne +turfe libban seofon 
dagas +after +te on +tysum middangearde.
<R 21.53.28>
+ta +ar +t+as Anastasies seofe+dan d+age, w+as eac for+dfered
se ylca bro+dor, se swa +teah n+as na geciged 
on +t+are nihte betweoh +ta o+dre bro+dru, ac hit w+as
openlice geswutelod, +t+at his 
<P 54>
for+dfore begeat seo 
+tingung ana +t+as arwur+dan weres Anastasies.
<R 21.54.3>
Petrus cw+a+d, +ta +ta +tes ilca bro+dor n+as betweoh +ta
o+dre geciged & swa +teah w+as of +tissum life 
atogen mid +tingungum +t+as halgan weres, hw+at elles m+ag 
beon ongiten, buton +t+at +ta +te mid Gode synd 
micelre geearnunge, magon hwilum begitan +ta +ting, +te him
geteohhode n+aron?
<R 21.54.11>
 Gregorius him andswarode, ne magon hi to +t+as hwon
begitan +ta +ting, +te him geteohhode n+aron, 
ac +ta +ting, +te +ta halgan weras mid hyra benum gefremma+d,
hi w+aron +ar swa forestihtode, +t+at hy 
sceolon beon eft mid benum begitene.
<R 21.54.19>
So+dlice eac seo ylce forestihtung +t+as ecean rices is
gesett fram +tam +almihtigan Gode, swa +t+at his
gecorenan becuma+d of geswince to +tam rice, +t+at hi biddende
geearnian, +t+at hi onfon +t+at, +t+at se 
+almihtiga God +ar ealre worulde gedihtnode him to forgifenne.
<R 21.54.27>
Petrus cw+a+d, ic wolde, +t+at me w+are git openlicor
gecy+ded, hw+a+der seo forestihtung mihte beon mid 
gebedum gefultumod.
<R 21.54.31>
Gregorius him 
<P 55>
andswarode, la, Petrus, +tis +t+at ic +te s+ade,
m+ag beon hr+adlice gecy+ded.
<R 21.55.3>
Gewisslice +tu +te sylf wast, +t+at drihten cw+a+d to
Abrahame, on Isaace +te bi+d s+ad geciged.
<R 21.55.6>
Eac he cw+a+d to him, ic gesette +te manegra +teoda f+ader.
<R 21.55.8>
& eft he him behet +tus cwe+dende, ic gebledsige +te, & ic
gemenigfylde +tin s+ad swa swa heofones 
steoran & swa swa +ta sandcorn, +te beo+d be s+as waro+de.
<R 21.55.12>
Of +tam +tinge is openlice cu+d, +t+at se +almihtiga God +ar
forestihtode, +t+at he Abrahames s+ad wolde 
gemenifyldan +turh Isaac, & swa +teah hit is awriten, +t+at
Isaac geb+ad to drihtne for his wife, for +tam
+te heo w+as unw+astmb+are.
<R 21.55.20>
+ta gehyrde drihten his bene & sealde w+astm Rebeccan his
wife.
<R 21.55.22>
+tus w+as forestihtod seo menifealdnys Abrahames cynnes +turh
Isaac.
<R 21.55.24>
Eornostlice, gif seo menifealdnys Abrahames cynnes w+as
forestihtod +turh Isaac, hwi underfeng he 
+tonne unw+astmb+are wif, buton for+tam +te hit is cu+d, +t+at
seo forestihtung sceolde beon mid benum 
gefylled, +ta +ta se mid his gebedum beget, +t+at he mihte 
suna habban, se +te on him +ar God forestihtode to 
gemenifyldenne Abrahames s+ad?
<R 21.55.35>
Petrus cw+a+d, nis me nan 
<P 56>
twynung nu to laue be +tam +tingum,
+te [{+tu{] nu s+adest, for+tam +te +t+at 
rihtgescead me geopenode +ta digolnysse +turh +tine segene.
<R 21.56.4>
Gregorius cw+a+d, wilt +tu, +t+at ic +te secge sum +ting be
+tam d+alum Tuscie +t+are m+ag+de, +t+at +tu oncnawe, 
hwylce weras w+aron on +tam lande, & hu swi+de neah hi w+aron
+t+as +almihtigan Godes cy+d+de?
<R 21.56.11>
Petrus cw+a+d, ic wille, & ic +te +t+as [{eallum{] m+agene
[{bidde{] .
<R 22.56.13>
[}HU BONEFATIUS BISCEOP TOD+ALDE WIN ON FATU & HIT WEOX.}]
<R 22.56.14>
Gregorius him to cw+a+d, sum w+as arwur+des lifes wer, +tam
w+as nama Bonefatius.
<R 22.56.16>
Se h+afde bisceophad & +tone mid godum +teawum wel gefyllde
on +t+are ceastre, +te is genemned Ferentis.
<R 22.56.19>
+tyses bisceopes manega wundru me rehte se m+assepreost
Gaudentius, +te nu gita leofa+d.
<R 22.56.22>
Se w+as afedd on his +tenunge, & he m+ag gehwylc +ting be him
swa mycele gewisslicor seccan, swa 
micele swa him gelamp, +t+at he oftor w+as betweoh his 
+tenungum.
<R 22.56.27>
On [{+tisses{] ilcan Bonefacies cyrcean w+as swi+de hefi
w+adlung & hafenleast, seo simle gewuna+d, +t+at 
heo bi+d hirde +t+are eadmodnisse on godum 
<P 57>
modum, & +t+ar 
nan +ting elles n+as to ealles geares andlifene,
buton +t+at an, +t+at he heafde +anne wingeard.
<R 22.57.4>
Se sume d+ag wear+d [{for+dorscen{] mid onreosendum hetolum
[{hagole{] & aw+astod, swa +t+at on +tam wingearde
on feawum wintreowum unea+de to lafe wunodon swi+de litle &
swi+de feawa [{clistru{] +tara winbergena.
<R 22.57.10>
+da +ta +tes forcwedena wer se arwur+da bisceop Bonefatius
eode in on +tone wingeard, +ta +tancode he 
swi+de Gode +almihtigum, for+tam +te he oncneow, +t+at he +ta
gita on +t+are his w+adle w+as swy+dor geangsumod.
<R 22.57.16>
Ac swa +teah +ta +ta se tima neal+ahte, +t+at mihton ripe
beon +ta feawa clystru +t+ara bergena, +te +t+ar 
l+afde w+aron, +ta sette he hyrde, swa hit +teaw w+as, to +tam
wingearde & bebead, +t+at hine man heolde mid
carfullre w+accean.
<R 22.57.23>
So+tlice +ta sume d+age het he Constantium +tone m+assepreost,
se w+as his swustorsunu, +t+at man ealle +ta
winfatu on his bisceopscire & ealle +ta kyfa gegearwode & mid
pice geondgute, swa swa hit +ar 
gewunelic w+as.
<R 22.57.30>
Sona +ta [{se{] m+assepreost his nefa +t+at gehyrde, +ta
wundrode he swi+de & wende, +t+at 
<P 58>
he spr+ake on 
unwis, +ta he bebead, +t+at man winfatu gearwode, se +te nan 
win n+afde.
<R 22.58.3>
Ne dorste swa +teah se m+assepreost +tone bisceop geaxian,
for hwan he swylce +ting bude, ac he +ta 
gehyrsumode his h+asum & ealle +ta winfatu gegearwode +after
gewunelicum +teawe.
<R 22.58.9>
Hw+at, +ta se Godes wer eode in on +tone wingeard &
gegaderode +ta clystru +tara bergena & gebrohte on
+t+are wintreddan & het hi ealle +tanon utgangan, & he ana mid
anum lytlum cnapan +t+ar gewunode & +tone
cnapan +ta asette on +ta ylcan wintreddan & het hine tredan
+ta feawa clystru +tara bergena.
<R 22.58.18>
+da +ta of +tam clystrum ut fleow lyttles hw+at wines, +ta
ongann se Godes wer mid his agenum handum 
+t+at underfon on anum lyttlum f+ate & hit tod+alde for 
bledsunge geond ealle +ta kyfa & geond ealle +ta 
fatu, +te +t+ar gegearwode w+aron, +t+at of +tam ilcan wine
w+aron gesewene unea+de ealle +ta fatu 
geondgotene.
<R 22.58.28>
Witodlice +ta +ta he of +t+as wines w+atan sum +ting lyttles
asende on +alc +t+ara fata, +ta clypode he him
to +tone m+assepreost & hr+adlice het, +t+at +t+ar +tearfan
beon sceoldon.
<R 22.58.33>
+da ongan +t+at win weaxan on +t+are wintreddan, swa +t+at
wurdon gefyllede ealle +tara +tearfana fatu, +te him 
<P 59>
to brohte w+aron.
<R 22.59.1>
& +ta +ta he geseah, +t+at +ta +tearfan genoh h+afdon, +ta het
he +tone cnapan stigan ny+der of +t+are treddan
& beleac +t+at winern & asette his agen insegl on +t+at loc &
forlet hit swa belocen & him sona to 
cyrcean gehwearf.
<R 22.59.8>
+da +ti +triddan d+age clypode he him to +tone forecwedenan
m+assepreost Constantium, & geendodum his 
gebede he geopenode +t+at winern & gemette +ta fatu, +te he 
+ar on ageat swi+de litelne d+al +t+as +tynnystan
w+atan, swa genihtsumlice gefyllede mid wine, efne +t+at +ta
weaxendan win woldon feallan ofer +ta fatu
on +ta flor, gif se bisceop +ta a lator inn eode.
<R 22.59.19>
Hw+at, +ta se bisceop swi+de egeslice bebead +tam
m+assepreoste, +t+at he nanum men +tis wundor ne as+ade 
swa lange swa he sylf on lichaman lifde, +te l+as +te he on
+t+as weorces m+agene wurde mid mennisceum 
wyr+dmynde gebreged & +tanon innan aidlode, +tanon +te he utan
w+are mannum micel +atywed.
<R 22.59.28>
Ac he on +tam fyligde +t+as h+alendes bysene, se to +tam
+t+at he us getyde to eadmodnysse wege, bebead
his gingrum be him sylfum +tus 
<P 60>
cwe+dende, +t+at +ta +ting, +te
hi gesawon, hi nanum men ne as+adon, +ar +tam
+te mannes sunu of dea+de arise.
<R 22.60.4>
Petrus cw+a+d, for+tam +te +teos wise nu hi sylfe gecwemlice
gegearwode, nu lyste+d me axian, hw+at +t+at 
sy, +t+at +ta +ta ure alysend ageaf gesih+te twam blindum
mannum, +ta het he, +t+at hi hit nanum men ne 
as+adon, & hi +ta sona +tanon gangende gewidm+arodon hine 
geond eall +t+at land.
<R 22.60.13>
Ac hw+at cwyst +tu?
Hw+a+der se ankenneda Godes sunu, se +te is efenece his f+ader
& +tam halgan gaste, on +tysum +tinge wolde
gefyllan, +t+at he gefyllan ne mihte, +ta +ta he wolde
habban forsuwod +t+at, +t+at na forholen beon ne
mihte?
<R 22.60.20>
Gregorius him andswarode, eall +t+at ure alysend dyde +turh
his menniscean lichaman, eall +t+at he 
gegearwode us on gebysnunge godes weorces, to +tam +t+at we be
gemete urra m+agena sceolon fylian his 
fotswa+de & un+atspornenum fotum +tyses andweardan weorkes 
gan on +tone weg +t+as ecean lifes.
<R 22.60.29>
Witodlice se h+alend worhte +t+at wundor & het hi helan, & hit
swa +teah forholen beon ne mihte.
<R 22.60.32>
On +tam we magon cu+dlice ongitan, +t+at his gecorenan
<P 61>
fylgea+d +ta gebysnunga his lare on +tam micelum 
weorcum +te hi wyrcea+d, & hyra willa bi+d, +t+at hi beon
forholene, ac +t+at hi o+drum mannum fremian, hi
beo+d for oft geyppede swa hi nella+d, swa +t+at hit si for
micelre eadmodnysse, +t+at hi gewilnia+d, +t+at
hyra weorc beon forholene, & hit si for micelre 
nyttlicnysse, +t+at hyra weorc forholen beon 
ne magon.
<R 22.61.11>
Eornostlice drihten nolde na, +t+at +ani +ting swilces gewurde
& hit na beon ne mihte, ac he sealde 
bysene mid lareowdome his sylfes lare, hw+at his limu scylon
gewilnian, o+d+de hw+at eac be him nellendum
gewur+dan sceoldon.
<R 22.61.18>
Petrus cw+a+d, me lica+d +t+at +tu s+agst.

<S SAMPLE 3>
[^B9.5.10.2^]
<P 134>
[}XVI. HU HE ALYSDE +TONE PREOST FRAM DEOFLE.}]
<R 16.134.22>
Eac on +tam ylcan timan sum preost Aquinensis +t+are cyricean
wear+d gedreht mid deofolseocnysse.
<R 16.134.25>
+ta wear+d he asended geond manega martira stowa fram +tam
arwur+dan were Constantio his cyrcean 
bisceope, to +tam +t+at he mihte beon geh+aled.
<R 16.134.29>
Ac +ta halgan Godes martiras noldon him syllan his h+ale,
+t+at hi mid +tam geswutelodon, hu micel w+are
on +tam halgan Benedicte.
<R 16.134.33>
Witodlice he wear+d +ta gel+aded 
<P 135>
to +t+as +almihtigan Godes
+teowe Benedicte, & he +ta his bena asende to
urum drihtne h+alende Criste & sona ut adraf +tone ealdan
feond of +tam ofsetenan menn.
<R 16.135.5>
Him +ta geh+aledum he bebead +tus cwe+dende, ga nu & +after
+tysum ne et +tu nan fl+asc, ne +tu n+afre ne 
gedyrstl+ac, +t+at +tu to halgum hade geneal+ace, o+d+de maran
underfo, +tonne +tu nu hafast.
<R 16.135.11>
So+dlice on swa hwilcum d+age swa +tu dyrstilice
ge+tristl+acst, +t+at +tu +tone halgan sacerdhad 
underfehst, +t+ar rihte +tu bist eft mid deofles anwealde
geh+aftnieded.
<R 16.135.16>
+da gewat se preost him hal +tanon, & swa swa hit gewunelic
is, +t+at +t+at niwe wite gebrege+d +t+as 
mannes mod, he sume hwile geheold +ta +ting, +te se Godes wer 
him bebead.
<R 16.135.21>
So+dlice +after manegum gearum, +ta +ta ealle his ylldran
witan foron of +tysum leohte, & he geseah, 
+t+at his gingran w+aron toforan him gesette on halgum
sacerdhadum, he +ta him on b+ac sette swylce of 
langre tide forgitende +ta word & lare +t+as halgan weres
Benedictes & geneal+ahte to +tam halgan 
sacerdhade.
<R 16.135.31>
Hine +ta sona gel+ahte se deofol, +te hine +ar forlet, & na
ne geswac 
<P 136>
hine to swencenne, o+d +t+at he his
sawle him from asceoc.
<R 16.136.2>
Petrus cw+a+d, +d+as +te me +tince+d, +t+at +tes Godes wer
+turhferde eac +ta diglan +ting +t+are godcundnesse, 
se +te swa +turhseah +tone preost for +ti deofle gesealdne,
+t+at he ne gedyrstl+ahte to underfonne +tone 
halgan sacerdhad.
<R 16.136.9>
Gregorius cw+a+d, hwi ne cu+de +ta diglan +ting +t+are
godcundnysse, se +te heold +ta bebodu +t+are 
godcundnysse, +tonne hit is awriten, +t+at se +te ge+teode+d 
to drihtne, +tonne by+d an gast his & drihtnes?
<R 16.136.15>
Petrus cw+a+d, gif hit an gast bi+d mid drihtne +t+as +te
drihten to ge+teode+d, hw+at is +tonne, +t+at se ylca
+a+dela lareow Paulus eft cw+a+d, hwa cann drihtnes andgit?
<R 16.136.20>
O+d+de hwylc w+as his ge+teahtere?
<R 16.136.21>
Swy+de un+t+aslic m+ag beon ge+tuht, +t+at se nyte drihtnes
andgit, se +te mid him by+d geworden an gast.
<R 16.136.24>
Gregorius him andswarode, +ta halgan weras swa swy+de swa hi
beo+d an samod mid drihtne, swa swy+de hi
witon drihtnes andgit.
<R 16.136.28>
So+dlice eac se ylca apostol Paulus cw+a+d, hwylc man wat
<P 137>
+t+as mannes modge+tancas, butan +t+as mannes 
gast, +te on him sylfum by+d?
<R 16.137.3>
Swa eac +ta +ting, +te beo+d on Godes ge+teahtunge, nan mann
ne cann butan se Godes gast.
<R 16.137.6>
Eac se ylca Paulus +t+ar to geihte, +t+at he +atywde hine
sylfne cunnan +ta +ting, +te syndon Godes 
gestihtunge.
<R 16.137.9>
He cw+a+d, ne onfengon we na +tone gast +tyses middaneardes,
ac +tone gast, +te is of Gode.
<R 16.137.12>
Eft he cw+a+d be +tam, +t+at eage ne geseah, ne eare ne
gehyrde, ne on mannes heortan ne astah, hwylce 
+ting God gegearwode +tam, +te hine lufia+d.
<R 16.137.17>
So+dlice +ta he onwreah us +turh his gast.
<R 16.137.18>
Petrus cw+a+d, gif +tonne +tam ylcan apostole Paule +turh
Godes gast w+aron onwrigene +ta Godes 
ge+teahtas, hu gespr+ac he ofer +t+at, +te ic bufan 
gemynegode, +ta +ta he cw+a+d, eala, hu mycel heahnys is +tara
welana Godes wisdomes & his inngehigdes, & hu unbefangelice his
domas syndon & his wegas unaspyriendlice?
<R 16.137.27>
Ac me +tas word sprekendum is eft o+der axung on mod becumen.
<R 16.137.29>
So+dlice Dauid se witega spr+ac to drihtne & +tus cw+a+d, on
minum welerum ic bodode ealle +ta domas +tines 
<P 138>
mu+des.
<R 16.138.1>
& +tonne hit l+asse is to witenne, +tonne hit sy eac to
bodianne, hw+at is +t+at, +t+at Paulus s+ade, +t+at 
Godes domas syndon unbefangenlice, & Dauid cy+dde na +t+at an,
+t+at he ealle +tas +ting wiste, ac he hi 
eac swilce bodode?
<R 16.138.8>
Gregorius him andswarode, +at +ag+drum [{+tysum{] ic +te
geandswarode +ar mid sceortnysse her bufan, +ta +ta
ic cw+a+d, +t+at halige weras swa swy+de swa hi beo+d an samod
mid drihtne, swa swy+de hi witon drihtnes
andgit.
<R 16.138.14>
So+dlice ealle +ta +te estfullice drihtne fylia+d, hi eac mid
estfullnysse syndon mid Gode, & +ta ne 
syndon na mid Gode, +ta +te nu gyta syndon gehefgode mid
byr+dene +t+as brosniendlican lichaman.
<R 16.138.20>
Witodlice swa swy+de swa hi beo+d to Gode ge+teodde, swa
swi+de hi witon his diglan domas, & swa swy+de
swa hi beo+d him fram a+teodde, swa swy+de hi hi nyton.
<R 16.138.26>
Eornostlice for +ty hi secgea+d, +t+at his domas syndon
unbefangelice, for+tam +te hi nu gyta 
fullfremedlice ne +turhfara+d his digolnyssa, & for+tam +te hi
mid hyra mode him onclifia+d & onclifiende oncnawa+d
swa swi+de swa hi onfo+d o+d+de on spr+acum 
<P 139>
haliges gewrites o+d+de on digelum onwrigennyssum, +ta +ting
hi witan & bodia+d.
<R 16.139.3>
Witodlice +ta domas, +te God forsuwa+d, +ta hi nyton, & +ta
+te he spryc+d, +ta hi witon.
<R 16.139.5>
& Dauid se witega +ta +ta he cw+a+d, on minum welerum ic
bodode ealle +ta domas, +ta sona geeacnode he
+t+ar to +tines mu+des, swilce he openlice [{cw+ade{] , ic
mihte witan & bodian +ta domas, +te ic oncneow +te
sylfne secgean, ac +ta +te +tu sylf ne sprycst, untwywlice +ta
+tu behydst urum oncnawennyssum.
<R 16.139.15>
Eornostlice her to ge+tw+ara+d se witiendlica & se apostolica
cwyde +tus, +t+at Godes domas syndon 
unymbfangenlice, & swa +teah +ta +te of Godes mu+de beo+d
for+dbrohte, +ta beo+d bodode mid mennisceum welerum,
for+tam +te hi magon beon ongitene fram mannum, +tonne hi
beo+d for+dbrohte +turh God, & hi na ne magon
beon oncnawene, +tonne hi beo+d +turh God bediglode.
<R 16.139.26>
Petrus cw+a+d, on +t+are andsware minre axunge me is geopenod
nu se intinga rihtes gesceades.
<R 16.139.29>
Ac ic bidde +te, +t+at +tu gita gerecce, gif +tu hwilce ma
wite be +tyses weres Benedictes m+agene.
<P 140>
<R 17.140.1>
[}XVII. HU HE WITEGODE BE HIS MYNSTRES TOWORPENNYSSE.}]
<R 17.140.2>
Gregorius cw+a+d, sum +a+dele wer w+as Theoprobus genemned,
se w+as gecyrred to haligre drohtnunge +turh
mynegunge +t+as ylcan f+ader Benedictes.
<R 17.140.6>
Se eac for his lifes geearnunge h+afde to him mycelne truwan
synderlicre [{hiwcu+dnysse{] .
<R 17.140.9>
Sume d+age +ta +ta +tes eode to +tam halgan were in to his
cytan, +ta gemette he hine +t+ar swy+de 
bitterlice wependne.
<R 17.140.13>
+da +ta he +t+ar wel lange gestod & geseah, +t+at his tearas
na ne geendodon, na swa +teah se Godes wer
ne weop na mid gebiddende, swa swa his gewuna w+as, ac
gnorniende, +ta axode hine Theoprobus, hw+at 
w+are se intinga swa miceles wopes.
<R 17.140.20>
Him +t+ar rihte se Godes wer andswarode & cw+a+d, eall +tis
mynster, +te ic getimbrode, & ealle +ta +ting,
+te ic gegearwode +tysum bro+drum, mid +t+as +almihtigan
Godes dome syndon gesealde h+a+denum mannum.
<R 17.140.27>
Earfo+dlice ic mihte begitan +at Gode, +t+at me wurdon
forgifene of +tysre stowe +tara bro+dra feorh.
<R 17.140.30>
+d+as halgan weres stefne gehyrde Theoprobus +ta, & we, +te
hit witon, geseo+d nu, +t+at his mynster is 
toworpen fram Langbeardena +teode.
<R 17.140.34>
So+dlice nu niwan gelamp on niht, +ta +ta [{bro+dro{] w+aron
on 
<P 141>
reste, +t+at comon +tyder +ta Langbearde & +t+ar
genamon ealle +ta +ting, +te on +tam mynstre w+aron, buton
+t+at hi ne mihton +t+ar n+anne mann gel+accean.
<R 17.141.5>
Ac se +almihtiga God +ta gefyllde +t+at, +t+at he +ar behet
his getrywum +teowe Benedicte, +t+at he geheolde
+tara manna lif, +teah +te he +ta +ahta sealde h+a+denum
mannum.
<R 17.141.10>
On +tam +tinge ic oncnawe, +t+at Benedictus h+afde Paulus
gewrixle, se +ta +ta he +tolode [{scipes{] forwyrd
& lyre eallra +tara +tinga, +te +t+ar on w+aron, +ta onfeng he
sylf him to frofre eallra +tara lif, +te 
him mid ferdon.
<R 18.141.18>
[}XVIII. HU HE +TURH GAST WISTE +TA BEHYDDAN [{FLAXAN{] .}]
<R 18.141.19>
Eac hit gelamp on sume tid, +t+at Exhilaratus ure gefera,
+tone +tu canst gecyrredne to rihtre 
drohtnunge, he w+as fram his hlaforde asended to +tam mynstre,
+t+at he sceolde +tam Godes were Benedicte 
beran twa treowene fatu wines fulle, +ta syndon on folkisc 
flaxan gehatene.
<R 18.141.27>
+ta brohte he him +ta o+dre, & +ta o+dre gehydde be wege
+tyderweard farende.
<R 18.141.29>
Witodlice se drihtnes wer, +tam +ta +afweardan +ting ne mihton
beon bediglode, +ta underfeng mid 
+tancunge +ta ane flaxan, & +tone 
<P 142>
eft cyrrendan cniht he warnode
+tus cwe+dende, sunu, foresceawa be +t+are 
flaxan, +te +tu be wege gehyddest, +t+at +tu +t+ar of ne 
drince, ac ahyld hi w+arlice, & +tu +tonne onfindst, 
hw+at on hire is.
<R 18.142.6>
He +ta swy+de gescynd & ofsceamod eode fram +tam Godes men &
cyrrende wolde +ta gyt gecunnian +t+as +te 
he +ar gehyrde.
<R 18.142.10>
+ta mid +tam +te he +ta flaxan onhyllde, +ta eode +t+ar ut
hr+addlice an n+addre.
<R 18.142.12>
Se forecwedena cniht Exilaratus +ta aforhtode +turh +t+at +te
he on +tam wine gemette, & him ondred +t+at
yfel, +te he worhte.
<R 19.142.18>
[}XIX. HU SE GODES +TEOW ONFENG +TA SCEATAS.}]
<R 19.142.19>
So+dlice unfeorr fram +tam mynstre w+as sum tun, on +tam w+as
mycel meniu manna gecyrred fram 
deofolgylda bigenge to Godes geleafan +turh Benedictus lare.
<R 19.142.23>
+d+ar on tune w+aron eac sume nunnan, & se Godes +teow
Benedictus begymde, +t+at he gelomlice +tyder 
asende his bro+dru, to +tam +t+at hi sceoldon +t+at folc 
trymman & l+aran to hyra sawla +tearfe.
<R 19.142.29>
+da sume d+age sende he +tyder sumne munuc swa him ge+tywe
w+as.
<R 19.142.31>
Ac se munuc, +te 
<P 143>
+tyder onsended w+as, +after +t+as folces
lare & geendodre +t+are bodunge wear+d gebeden 
fram +tam nunnum, +t+at he sume [{sceatas{] vel [{mappulas{]
onfeng, & he him +ta behydde on his bosme.
<R 19.143.6>
Sona +ta he ham com, +ta ongann se Godes wer +tearle
biterlice hine +treagean & cidan +tus cwe+dende, hu
becom +teos unrihtwisnys on +tinne bosm?
<R 19.143.11>
He +ta aforhtode & h+afde forgiten, hw+at he gedon h+afde, &
nyste, for hwan he swa w+as ofercidd.
<R 19.143.13>
+da cw+a+d se halga wer [{him{] to, cwyst +tu, +t+at ic n+are
+t+ar andweard, +ta +ta +tu +at +tam nunnum onfenge 
+ta sceatas & hi dydest on +tinne bosm?
<R 19.143.18>
Se munuc +ta sona feoll to Benedictes fotum & behreowsode,
+t+at he swa dyslice d+ade gedyde, & him 
fram awearp +ta sceatas, +te he +ar on his bosme behydde.



<B COMARTYR>
<Q O2/3 NN BIL MART>
<N MARTYROLOGY>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/AM>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  MARTYROLOGY.
DAS ALTENGLISCHE MARTYROLOGIUM, VOL. II.  
BAYERISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN,
PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE.
ABHANDLUNGEN, NEUE FOLGE, HEFT 88/2.
ED. G. KOTZOR.
MUENCHEN: VERLAG DER BAYERISCHEN AKADEMIE 
DER WISSENSCHAFTEN, 1981.
PP. 9.1   - 43.6    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 208.1 - 249.16  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B19.5^]
<P 9>
[} [\31 DECEMBER: ST. COLUMBA\] }]
<R 2>
[\DE31 A 1\] +ta he +da ineode on +t+at carcern ond
hire togeneal+ahte, +ta com +dider in (\ursa\) +t+at deor,
+t+at is on ure ge+deode byren, ond awearp hine to eor+dan
ond locade to +t+are godes f+amnan hw+a+ter 
heo sceolde hine cucene +te deadne.
<R 5>
[\DE31 A 5\] Ond +ta bebead seo godes f+amne +t+are
byrene +t+at heo l+age on +t+as carcernes duru, ond heo
ongan l+aran +tone leasere +t+at he gelyfde on Crist, ond he
+t+at ge+tafade.
<R 8>
[\DE31 A 9\] Ond seo byren hine let gangan of +t+am
carcerne, ond he +ta sona clypode +turh ealle +ta 
ceastre ond cw+a+t, Se an god is so+d god +tone Columbe seo
f+amne begange+d, ond nis +anig o+ter butan +tam.
[} [\THE BEGINNING OF JANUARY\] }]
<R 11>
[\JA00 A 1\] On +done eahte+tan geohheld+ag bi+d +t+as
mon+des fruma +te mon nemne+d (\Ianuarius\) , +t+at is on ure
ge+deode se +aftera geola.
<R 12>
[\JA00 A 3\] +T+at bi+d se +aresta geares mona+d mid
Romwarum ond mid us.
<R 13>
[\JA00 A 4\] On +d+am mon+de bi+d an ond +tritig daga.
<P 10>
[} [\1 JANUARY: OCTAVE OF CHRIST AND ST. MARY (CIRCUMCISION
OF CHRIST)\] }]
<R 14>
[\JA01 A 1\] On +done +arestan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
Cristes eahte+da d+ag ond sancta Marian.
<R 15>
[\JA01 A 2\] On +d+am d+age Crist onfeng +da ealdan
ymbsnidenysse ond +da ealdan cl+asnunge Iudea folces,
+t+at +tonne w+as +t+at hie +aghwelcum cnihtcilde ymbsnidon
+t+at werlice lim on +d+am eahte+tan d+age +after
his acennysse, ond seo cl+asnung him w+as swa halig swa us is
fullwiht.
<R 19>
[\JA01 A 8\] Ond Crist for+don +ta cl+asnunge onfeng
+t+at he us mid +ty getacnode +t+at we sceolan 
aceorfan fram usse heortan uncl+ane ge+dohtas ond from 
lichoman unalefde d+ade, gif we willa+d habban lif 
mid gode.
<R 22>
[\JA01 A 12\] Ond on +tone eahte+tan d+ag menn sceopan
Criste naman +after ealdre wisan.
<R 24>
[\JA01 A 14\] Se nama w+as on Iudisc Ihesus ond on
grecisc (\soter\) ond on l+aden (\saluator\) ond on ure 
ge+deode h+alend.
<R 25>
[\JA01 A 16\] +Tone naman h+afde se engel sancta Marian
ges+ad, +ar +don +te heo geeacnad w+are.
[} [\3 JANUARY: POPE ANTEROS\] }]
<R 27>
[\JA03 A 1\] On +done +triddan d+ag +d+as mon+des bi+d
+t+as halgan papan tid +te is nemned sancte Antheri.
<R 28>
[\JA03 A 2\] He w+as Grecisces cynnes mon, ond he s+at
on sancte Petres setle on Rome +treottyne gear 
on Maximianus dagum +t+as caseres, ond he ge+trowade martyrdom
for Criste, ond his lichoma is 
bebyrged on +d+am mynstre +de we nemna+d Calistes mynster.
<P 11>
[} [\5 JANUARY: ST. EMILIANA\] }]
<R 33>
[\JA05 A 1\] On +done fiftan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Emelianan tid +d+are f+amnan, +t+at w+as sancte 
Gregorius fa+de +d+as +te us fulwiht ons+ande.
<R 35>
[\JA05 A 3\] Hire +atywde on nihtlicre gesyh+de hire
swyster gast ond cw+a+t to hire, Butan +te ic dede 
+tone halgan d+ag +at drihtnes acennisse,
ac ic do mid +te +done halgan d+ag +at drihtnes +atywnesse,
+t+at is se drihtnes halga twelfta d+ag,
drihtnes fullwihtes d+ag.
[} [\6 JANUARY: EPIPHANY, BAPTISM OF CHRIST ETC.\] }]
<R 39>
[\JA06 A 1\] On +done sextan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d se
micla ond se m+ara d+ag +tone Grecas nemna+d 
(\Epiphania\) , ond Romware hine nemna+d (\aparitia domini\) ,
+t+at is on ure ge+teode drihtnes +atywnesse d+ag.
<R 42>
[\JA06 A 4\] On +dam d+age he gecy+tde mid +t+am m+astum
wundrum feowerum +t+at he w+as so+d god.
<R 43>
[\JA06 A 6\] +T+at +areste wundor w+as +t+at +treo
tungolcr+aftegan coman fram eastd+ales m+ag+dum to Criste +ta
+ta he w+as cild, ond him mon brohte gold to gefe.
<R 45>
[\JA06 A 10\] On +d+am w+as getacnod +t+at he w+as
so+d cyning.
<R 46>
[\JA06 A 12\] O+der him brohte recels, on +d+am w+as
getacnod +t+at he w+as so+d god.
<R 47>
[\JA06 A 15\] Se +tridda him brohte myrran +ta wyrt, on
+ton w+as getacnod +t+at he w+as deadlic mon, ond 
+t+at he +turh his anes dea+d ealle geleaffulle men gefreode
fram ecum dea+de.
<R 50>
[\JA06 A 17\] Ond on +done ylcan d+ag Crist onfeng
fulwihte on Iordane fram Iohanne +t+am fulwere, ond 
he w+as +ta on 
<P 12>
+dritiges geara ylde se h+alend, +ta he +t+am fulwihte 
onfeng.
<R 52>
[\JA06 A 19\] Ond on +tone d+ag +at sumum bryd+tingum
Crist gecerde sex fatu full w+atres to +d+am betestan
wine.
<R 54>
[\JA06 A 21\] On +aghwelc +tara fata mihte twegen mittan
o+t+te +dreo.
[\JA06 A 22\] Ond on +done ylcan d+ag Crist gereorde
fif +dusenda wera of fif hlafum ond of twam 
fixum, eac wifum ond cildum, +tara w+as ungerim, ond +tara
hlafgebroca w+as to lafe twelf binna fulle.
[} [\6 JANUARY: ST. JULIAN, BASILISSA\] }]
<R 58>
[\JA06 B 1\] On +done ylcan d+ag bi+d +t+as +a+telan
weres +trowung se is nemned sanctus Iulianus, +t+as 
lichoma reste+d in Antiochia +t+are ceastre.
<R 59>
[\JA06 B 3\] Se sona on his cnihthade +deowade gode on
cl+annesse, ond his yldran hine +ta genyddon 
on his geogo+de +t+at he onfeng +a+tele bryd, seo w+as on
naman Basilissa.
<R 62>
[\JA06 B 7\] Ond +da +t+are forman brydniht, +ta hi twa
w+aron on +d+am brydbure, +ta com +t+ar +arest 
wundorlic stenc, ond +after +d+am stence heofonlic leoht.
<R 64>
[\JA06 B 9\] Ond +after +t+am leohte Crist self +t+ar
+atewde mid engla werede.
<R 65>
[\JA06 B 11\] Ond +da for +t+are gesih+de f+agernesse
+de hi gesawon ond +d+am wordum +de hi gehyrdon hi 
wunedan a
cl+ane, he mid werum ond heo mid f+amnum.
<R 67>
[\JA06 B 14\] +Tes Iulianus awehte h+a+tenne man of
dea+de, ond se w+as si+d+dan gefullad.
<R 68>
[\JA06 B 15\] Se man s+ade fram 
<P 13>
helle si+df+ate swylc sarspell swylce n+afre +ar on men 
ne becom ne naht oft si+d+dan.
[} [\6 JANUARY: POPE TELESPHORUS\] }]
<R 71>
[\JA06 C 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+as papan tid
+te is nemned +delesfor, se w+as Grecisces cynnes.
<R 72>
[\JA06 C 2\] He s+at on +d+am papsetle +andlefen gear
ond +try mona+d on +tara casere dagum Antonius ond 
Marcus.
<R 73>
[\JA06 C 4\] Ond +des papa w+as eft Cristes martyr, ond
his lichoma reste+d neah sancte Petres 
lichoman.
<R 75>
[\JA06 C 6\] +Tes papa gesette +arest manna +t+at man
f+aste on Rome syfon wucan +ar eastran, ond he 
gesette +arest +t+at man sang (\gloria in excelsis deo\)
+tone lofsang foran to m+assan.
[} [\9 JANUARY: ST. PEGA\] }]
<R 78>
[\JA09 A 1\] On +done nyge+dan d+ag +d+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Pegean geleornes +d+are halgan f+amnan.
<R 79>
[\JA09 A 3\] Heo w+as sancte Gutlaces swyster +t+as
ancran, ond +after his geleornisse heo dyde blindum
men +t+at sealt on eage +t+at he +ar gehalgode, ond he mihte
sona geseon.
<P 14>
[} [\10 JANUARY: ST. PAUL THE HERMIT\] }]
<R 82>
[\JA10 A 1\] On +done teo+tan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Paules tid.
[\JA10 A 2\] Se w+as sextyne geara +ta he +arest on
+t+at westen gewat, ond he wunade +t+ar o+t+t+at he 
h+afde +dreo ond hund+andleftig wintra.
<R 84>
[\JA10 A 4\] +T+ar he n+afre naht o+tres ne geseah ne
ne gehyrde butan leona grymetunge ond wulfa 
gerar, ond +at +t+as westenes +appla ond [{+d+at{] w+ater 
dranc of his holre hand.
<R 87>
[\JA10 A 8\] Ond +da +atnehstan fedde hine an hr+afn
sextig geara, se him brohte +aghwelce d+age 
healfne hlaf.
<R 88>
[\JA10 A 10\] Ond +da hw+ane +ar his ende com him to
sanctus Antonius se ancra, ond +da sona brohte 
him se hr+afn gehalne hlaf.
<R 90>
[\JA10 A 12\] Se Antonius geseah +d+as Paules saule
swa hwite swa snauw stigan to heofonum betweoh 
engla +treatas ond haligra manna +treatas.
<R 92>
[\JA10 A 15\] Ond twegen leon adulfan his byrgenne on
+d+as westenes sande.
[\JA10 A 17\] +T+ar reste+d Paules lichoma mid yfelice
duste bewrigen, ac on domes d+age [^EDITION: domesd+age^] 
he arise+d on wuldor.
[} [\12 JANUARY: ST. BENEDICT BISHOP\] }]
<R 95>
[\JA12 A 1\] On twelftan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d sancte
Benedictes tid +t+as halgan abbodes, se w+as 
Angelcynnes man.
<R 96>
[\JA12 A 3\] He w+as swi+de +a+tele for worolde ond
<P 15>
micle +a+telra for gode.
<R 97>
[\JA12 A 4\] Ond +da he w+as on fif ond twentigum
geara, +ta ferde he to Rome, ond +d+ar ond on o+drum 
manegum +a+telum mynstrum he leornade gastlice +deodscipas.
<R 100>
[\JA12 A 7\] Ond he onfeng preosthades scare on +d+as
ealandes mynstre [^EDITION: mynster^] +de is nemned Lerinensi, 
ond he hwerfde eft to e+tle.
<R 101>
[\JA12 A 9\] Ond he getimbrade on Brytene +a+tele
mynster on +d+are stowe +te is cweden +at Wiremu+dan 
ond [{+d+at{] gehalgode gode ond sancte Petre ond +da ciricean
+a+tellice gefretwade ge mid godcunde wisdome
ge mid woroldlicum fr+atwum ofers+awiscum ond +da +d+as
+after sextene gearum +ta forlet he +tone 
l+amnan ofn +d+as m+anniscan lichoman, ond se gast fleah freo 
to +dam upplican [^MS DITTOGRAPHY upplican^] wuldre.
[} [\13 JANUARY: ST. HILARY OF POITIERS\] }]
<R 108>
[\JA13 A 1\] On +done +dreottegan d+ag +t+as mon+des
bi+d +d+as halgan biscopes gemynd sancte Hilaries, he 
w+as on +d+are ceastre Pictauie.
<R 109>
[\JA13 A 3\] Se w+as sancte Martines lareow, ond he
awehte deadne man of dea+de.
[} [\14 JANUARY: ST. FELIX\] }]
<R 111>
[\JA14 A 1\] On +done feowerteog+dan d+ag +t+as mon+des
bi+d sancte Felices tid m+assepreostes on Rome
<P 16> 
on +d+are stowe +te Pincis is nemned.
<R 112>
[\JA14 A 3\] +Tone rice men h+a+tne +treadon +t+at he
Criste wi+dsoce ond h+a+tengeldum gelyfde.
<R 114>
[\JA14 A 5\] +Ta he +t+at nolde, he w+as nacod ond on carcern
ons+anded ond +t+ar w+as understregd mid s+ascellum ond
mid scearpum stanum, ond +ta godes engel on +d+are ilcan
niht tobr+ec +d+as carcernes duru ond hine 
+tonan al+adde.
[} [\16 JANUARY: POPE MARCELLUS\] }]
<R 118>
[\JA16 A 1\] On +done sexteo+dan d+ag +d+as mon+des
+tonne bi+d sancte Marcelles tid +t+as papan.
<R 119>
[\JA16 A 2\] +Done papan Maxentius, Romeburge ealdormon,
nedde +t+at he his fullwihte wi+dsoce ond 
deofolgeldum gelyfde.
<R 120>
[\JA16 A 4\] +Da he +t+at
ne ge+dafode, +ta het he on
+d+as papan ciericean gest+allan his blancan ond 
monig o+der neat, ond he genydde +tone papan +t+at he +t+am
+tenade.
<R 123>
[\JA16 A 9\] Ond on +d+am +deowdome he geendade his lif
ond his lichoma reste+d arwyr+dlice on +d+am 
mynstre Priscille on +d+am wege Salari+e.
[} [\16 JANUARY: ST. FURSA\] }]
<R 126>
[\JA16 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+as
m+assepreostes geleornis se w+as nemned sancte Furseus.
<R 127>
[\JA16 B 4\] Se w+as acenned in Hibernia m+ag+de,
+t+at is on Scotta lande.
<R 128>
[\JA16 B 6\] +T+as gast w+as neahterne of lichoman
al+aded, ond he geseah ma ondryrrlices ond eac 
<P 17>
wuldorlices +tonne he mihte monnum asecgan, ond seo gesih+d him
w+as on swa micelre gemynde +t+at he on +d+am
miclan wintres cele, +tonne he ymb +t+at +tohte o+t+te
spr+ac, +donne asw+atte he eall, ond eft on +d+are 
miclan sumeres h+ate, +donne he his si+df+at gemunde, +tonne
ablacode he eall ond abifode.
<R 134>
[\JA16 B 12\] Ond +da +da godes englas eft his gast
brohtan to +t+am lichoman, +ta locade he on his 
agenne lichoman swa swa on uncu+dne hr+aw, ond he nolde n+afre
eft on +done lichoman, gif he nyde ne 
sceolde.
<R 137>
[\JA16 B 16\] +Tes Fursing gewat eft of Scottum on
Brytone, ond on Eastengla m+ag+de he getimbrede 
f+ager mynster, +t+at is geceged Cnofesburh.
<R 139>
[\JA16 B 18\] [{+D+at{] he dyde on Sigeberhtes dagum
+t+as cyninges.
<R 140>
[\JA16 B 19\] Ond +tanon he gewat ofer s+a in Gallia
m+ag+de to Clodfeo, [{Francna{] cyninge, ond +d+ar his 
dagas geendade.
<R 141>
[\JA16 B 21\] Ond his lichoma reste+d on +d+am tune
Ferano, ond his geearnunga +t+ar w+aron oft beorhte 
gecy+ted.
[} [\17 JANUARY: ST. ANTONY THE HERMIT\] }]
<R 144>
[\JA17 A 1\] On +done seofenteo+tan d+ag +t+as mon+des
bi+d seo geleornes +t+as halgan munuces sancte 
Antonies.
<R 145>
[\JA17 A 3\] Se gewat on westen +da he w+as on
twentigum geara, ond on +d+am he wunade, o+t+t+at he w+as 
on fif ond hundteontigum geara, ond on fruman he +t+ar wunade
twentig geara, swa he n+anigne o+terne
mon ne geseah.
<R 148>
[\JA17 A 7\] +D+ar he f+aste hwilum twegen dagas,
hwilum +try tosomne, ond +donne he mete +tigde, 
<P 18>
+donne w+as
+t+at hlaf ond sealt ond lytel w+atres drync.
<R 150>
[\JA17 A 10\] Ond hine +t+ar deofla costodon mid
oferm+ate uncl+ane luste, efne swa +t+at hi eodon on 
niht to him on geglengedra wifa hiwe.
<R 152>
[\JA17 A 12\] +D+ar he geseah eac +tone fulan gast +te
men l+ar+d unalyfede lustas.
<R 153>
[\JA17 A 14\] +T+at w+as sweart cniht ond lytel ond
egeslic, ond he him s+ade sylf +t+at his nama w+are 
(\spiritus fornicationis\) , +t+at is dernes geligeres gast.
<R 155>
[\JA17 A 17\] Hwilum +da deofol hine swungan +t+at he
ne mihte hine astyrigean ne noht cwe+dan.
<R 157>
[\JA17 A 19\] Hwilum hi hine bylgedon on swa fearras ond
+duton eallswa wulfas.
<R 158>
[\JA17 A 20\] Hwilum hi him b+aron to gold ond seolfer
ond him +atywdon in arwyr+destan hiwe, ond hi 
him b+aran mettas to ond hine b+adon +t+at he +ta +tigde.
<R 160>
[\JA17 A 23\] +Tonne s+anade he hine, +tonne glad +t+at
deofol ut mid his leasunge swa swa smyc +at his 
eagdura.
<R 161>
[\JA17 A 25\] Antonius wunade on +d+am ytemestan +ande
eor+dan ymbhwyrftes on Egypta westenne, ond he
w+as hw+a+tre m+are geond ealne middangeard.
<R 163>
[\JA17 A 28\] Ond +ta he his dagas geendade, +ta
ongeatan +t+at his +tegnas twegen +t+at hine openlice 
englas l+addon to heofenum, ond his lichoma reste+d on +d+are
miclan ceastre Alexandria.
[} [\17 JANUARY: ST. SPEUSIPPUS, ELEUSIPPUS, MELEUSIPPUS\] }]
<R 167>
[\JA17 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +treora cnihta
tid, +ta w+aron getwinnas, ond hi w+aron nemde sanctus
<P 19>
Speosippus ond sanctus Elasippus ond sanctus Melasippus.
<R 169>
[\JA17 B 4\] +Ta h+afdon cristene modar ond h+a+tenne
f+ader, ond +turh heora yldran modor lare hi 
gelyfdon gode, ond hw+a+tre n+aron hi na gefulwade, for+don 
h+a+dne caseras h+afdon ofslegen ealle biscopas 
ond m+assepreostas.
<R 172>
[\JA17 B 8\] +Tas cnihtas +try fram +trym deman w+aron
nedde +t+at hi godes geleafan wi+dsocan.
<R 173>
[\JA17 B 10\] +Ta hi +t+at ne ge+tafedon, +ta heton
+ta deman micel fyr onb+arnan ond +da cnihtas ahon on
an treow ond byran to +t+am fyre.
<R 175>
[\JA17 B 13\] +Da cw+adon hi to heora yldran medder,
Beo +tu nu ure gemyndig on +tinum gebedum.
<R 177>
[\JA17 B 15\] Ond +tonne +tu hlaf brece ond metes onfo,
+tonne s+ana +tu +ta cruman for us +de of +tinum 
beode feallen +t+at we moton bergan of +t+as heofonlican
cyninges gereordum, +teah +de we n+aron mid 
fulwihte her on eor+dan on+dw+agen.
<R 180>
[\JA17 B 19\] +Da cw+a+d seo yldre modar,
Cnihtas, beo+d orsorge, eower blod eow fulwa+d, ond eower
martyrdom eow gel+ade+t to Cristes gereordum.
<R 182>
[\JA17 B 22\] +Ta w+aron +ta cnihtas on +d+at fer
ons+anded.
<R 183>
[\JA17 B 23\] +Da ne onhran +t+at fyr him no, ac hi
ons+andon heora gast to gode swa swa +treo lamb.
<R 184>
[\JA17 B 25\] Ond seo cierece on +t+are +te heora
lichoma reste+d is neah Lingonabyrig, +ta man 
nemne+d +at (\sanctos geminos\) , +at +t+am halgum getwinnum.
<P 20>
[} [\18 JANUARY: ST. PRISCA; CONSECRATION OF ST. PETER'S 
CHURCH\] }]
<R 187>
[\JA18 A 1\] On +done eahtateo+tan d+ag bi+d +d+are
halgan f+amnan sancte Prisce, +d+are lichoma reste+t on 
Rome, ond hire gemynd sceal beon m+arsod on eallum cierecum.
<R 190>
[\JA18 A 5\] On +dy ilcan d+age sancte Peter gehalgode
+arest cierecean on Rome.
[} [\19 JANUARY: ST. ANANIAS, PETRUS ETC.\] }]
<R 192>
[\JA19 A 1\] On +done nigonteo+tan d+ag +t+as mon+des
+tonne bi+d +t+as m+assepreostes gemynd sancte Annani in
Bi+d+dinie +d+are m+ag+de.
<R 193>
[\JA19 A 3\] On Dioclitianus dagum +t+as h+a+tenan
caseres he w+as on carcern s+anded twelf dagas butan
mete, ond +ta +after twelf dagum com se carcernweard, se
w+as nemned Petrus.
<R 196>
[\JA19 A 6\] +Ta geseah he sittan +done halgan gast on
culfran hiwe on +d+as carcernes eagdura ond spr+ac
to Annani +t+am godes men ond eft fleogan to heofonum.
<R 198>
[\JA19 A 10\] +Ta gelefde se carcernweard gode.
<R 199>
[\JA19 A 10\] +Ta het sum h+a+ten gerefa hi begen
belucan on fyrenum b+a+te, ond ymb +treo niht hi eodon
gesunde of +d+am.
<R 201>
[\JA19 A 13\] +Da gesegon +t+at seofon c+ampan, +ta
gelyfdon +ta for +d+am wundre.
<R 202>
[\JA19 A 14\] +Ta het se gerefa heora +alcum gebindan
leades bloman on heora swyran ond s+andon on wids+awes 
grund.
<R 203>
[\JA19 A 16\] +Ta toburstan +ta bendas
<P 21> 
ond afeoll [{+d+at{] lead of him, ond hi onsendon 
heora gastas to Gode.
<R 205>
[\JA19 A 18\] Ond +ta lichoman coman to +tam waro+de,
+d+ar cristene men hi bebyrgdon mid micelre are.
<R 206>
[\JA19 A 20\] Ond +t+ar w+aron si+d+dan on +d+are stowe
monegu wundor.
<R 207>
[\JA19 A 21\] Ond se gerefa +te hi cwellan het, se w+as
sona mid swa miclum sare gewitnad, +t+at he 
nolde l+ang libban, ac he het his agene men hine s+andan on
+done s+a, ond +ta s+adeor hine sona 
forswulgon, +t+at his ne com +ty fur+dor an ban to eor+dan.
[} [\20 JANUARY: ST. SEBASTIAN\] }]
<R 211>
[\JA20 A 1\] On +done twentig+tan d+ag +d+as mon+des
bi+d sancte Sebastianes tid +t+as +a+telan martyres, +done
Dioclitianus se casere, he w+as h+a+ten, he het hine mid
str+alum ofscotian, +t+at he w+as +dara swa full
swa igl +t+at deor bi+d byrsta, ond mid+dy he hine ne mihte
swa acwellan.
<R 215>
[\JA20 A 6\] +Da het he hine mid stengum +dyrcsan o+t+t+at 
he his gast onsende.
<R 216>
[\JA20 A 8\] Ond his lichoma w+as gebyrged +at Rome on
+d+are stowe Catacumbe.
[} [\20 JANUARY: POPE FABIAN\] }]
<R 218>
[\JA20 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d sancte Fabianes
tid +t+as halgan papan.
<R 219>
[\JA20 B 2\] +T+am w+as +turh haligne gast
<P 22> 
getacnod +t+at he onfenge Romeburge biscopdome.
<R 220>
[\JA20 B 4\] Culfre com fleogan of heofonum ond ges+at
ofer his heafde.
<R 221>
[\JA20 B 5\] Ond he h+afde +d+are burge biscopdom
+treottyne gear ond +andlefen mona+d ond twelf dagas, 
ond he ge+drowade eft on Decies dagum +t+as caseres martyrdom
for Criste, ond his lichoma reste+d in
Calistes mynster +at Rome.
[} [\20 JANUARY: ST. MARIUS, MARTHA, AUDIFAX, ABACUC\] }]
<R 225>
[\JA20 C 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +tara haligra
gesinhina tid +ta coman of Perscwara m+ag+de to Rome 
ond +d+ar ge+trowadan +a+telne martyrdom for Criste, ond heora
suna twegen mid him.
<R 227>
[\JA20 C 4\] +T+as weres nama w+as Marius ond +t+as
wifes nama w+as Mar+da ond +dara suna naman w+aron 
Audifax ond Abbacuc.
[} [\21 JANUARY: ST. AGNES\] }]
<R 230>
[\JA21 A 1\] On +done an ond twentig+dan d+ag bi+d
sancta Agnan +trowung +d+are halgan f+amnan.
<R 231>
[\JA21 A 2\] Seo ge+trowade martyrdom for Criste +ta
heo w+as +treottene geara.
<R 232>
[\JA21 A 4\] +Ta f+amnan Simfronius, Romeburge gerefa,
ongan +treatian his suna to wife.
<R 233>
[\JA21 A 5\] +Ta heo +t+at nolde, +ta het he hi nacode
l+adan to sumum scandhuse, +t+ar hire brohte godes
engel swylcne gerelan, swylcne n+afre n+anig fulwa, +t+at is
n+anig webwyrhta, +t+at mihte don on eor+dan.
<R 236>
[\JA21 A 9\] +D+as burhgerefan
sunu wolde r+asan on hi on +d+am scandhuse
<P 23>
ond hi bysmrian,
ac fram deoflum forbroden he aslat.
<R 238>
[\JA21 A 12\] +Ta cw+adon Romware +t+at heo w+are
dryegge ond scinl+ace, ond hire man bestang sweord on 
+da hracan, ond +dus heo onsende hire gast to gode.
<R 240>
[\JA21 A 15\] Ond hire lichoma reste+d neah Romebyrig
on +d+am wege +te hi nemna+d Numentana.
<R 242>
[\JA21 A 16\] Ond naht lange +after hire +trowunge heo
+atywde hire yldrum on middeniht +t+ar hi 
wacedon +at hire byrgenne, ond heo cw+a+t to him, Ne wepa+d 
git me na swa ic dead sy, ac beo+d me efenbli+de,
for+don +te ic eom to Criste on heofonum ge+teoded +done ic
+ar on eor+dan lufade.
[} [\22 JANUARY: ST. VINCENT\] }]
<R 247>
[\JA22 A 1\] On +done twa ond twentig+dan d+ag +t+as
mon+des bi+d sancte Uincentes +drowung +t+as diacones, se
+trowade in Hispania +d+are m+ag+de on +d+are ceastre
Falentia.
<R 249>
[\JA22 A 4\] +T+ar Datianus se casere nydde Ualerium
+tone biscop ond +done ylcan diacon Uincentium to 
h+a+tenscipe.
<R 251>
[\JA22 A 6\] +Ta swygode se biscop.
[\JA22 A 6\] +Da cw+a+t se diacon to +tam biscope,
Clypa ongen +tissum deofles hunde +te +te on beorce+d 
[^EDITION: onbeorce+d^] .
<R 252>
[\JA22 A 8\] +Ta het se casere forl+atan +done biscop
ond +done diacon miclum witum under+teodan, ac ne
mihte he mid n+ange +tara hine acwellan ne hine genydan
+t+at he Criste wi+dsoce, ac he mid micelre 
blisse +done sigef+astan gast to gode ons+ande.
<R 256>
[\JA22 A 13\] Ond se 
<P 24>
casere +ta bebead +t+at hine man
forlete unbyrgedne, +t+at hine fuglas ond wilde deor
forswulgon.
<R 258>
[\JA22 A 16\] +Da com +t+arto bl+ac fugel, h+afde micele
fe+dra, ond swift, se adraf ealle +ta o+tre fuglas
ond +ta wildan deor fram +t+am lichoman.
<R 259>
[\JA22 A 18\] +Da het se casere hine wurpan on wids+a.
<R 260>
[\JA22 A 19\] +Da ferede hine godes hand +tider +t+ar
hine cristne men si+d+dan a wulderlice aredon.
[} [\22 JANUARY: ST. ANASTASIUS\] }]
<R 262>
[\JA22 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+as halgan weres
+drowung sancti Anastas[{i{] , se w+as +arest dry in 
Persida m+ag+de ond +da +after +ton gelyfde Criste.
<R 264>
[\JA22 B 3\] Ond Cossra, Persida cining, hine het ahon
be o+terre hand ond hine nydde +t+at he wi+dsoce
godes geleafan.
<R 265>
[\JA22 B 6\] +Ta he +t+at ne ge+dafade, +ta het se
cining hine beheafdian.
<R 266>
[\JA22 B 7\] +Ta Heraclius se casere
genam his lichoman mid herge in Persida m+ag+de ond l+adde to
Rome, ond he reste+d +t+ar on sancte Paules mynstre +at +t+am
w+atrum +te hi nemna+d Aquas Saluias.
<R 269>
[\JA22 B 11\] Ond +t+ar mon byr+d his heafod on +das
dagas cristenum mannum to reliquium.
[} [\23 JANUARY: ST. EMERENTIANA\] }]
<R 271>
[\JA23 A 1\] On +done +dreo ond twentig+dan d+ag bi+d
+t+are halgan f+amnan tid sancte Emerentiane, seo w+as
<P 25>
afeded mid sancte Agnan, +t+are halgan f+amnan, ond swi+de
anr+adlice heo +atwat +d+am h+a+tnum on Rome 
heora dysignesse, ond heo w+as st+aned fram him, o+t+t+at heo
hire gast ons+ande.
<R 275>
[\JA23 A 6\] Ond +ta sona com +tunerrad ond legetsleht
ond ofsloh +done m+astan d+al +t+as h+a+tnan folces +te
hi st+ande.
<R 276>
[\JA23 A 8\] Ond hire lichoma reste+t on +d+are ylcan
ciricean on Rome +t+ar sancte Agnan lichoma 
reste+d.
[} [\24 JANUARY: ST. BABYLAS ETC.\] }]
<R 279>
[\JA24 A 1\] On +done feower ond twentig+dan d+ag +t+as
mon+des bi+d sancte Babylles tid +t+as halgan 
biscopes in Antiochia +t+are ceastre.
<R 280>
[\JA24 A 3\] Se biscop mid cristene folce forstod
cirican duru a Numer[{i{] +d+am h+a+tnan kasere.
<R 282>
[\JA24 A 5\] He cw+a+t to him, Ne gang +tu na on godes
hus, +du hafast besmitene handa ond +tu eart 
deofles wulf.
<R 283>
[\JA24 A 7\] Ond +ta het se kasere hine beheafdian ond
his cnihtas +try mid hine, +tara w+as an twelf
geara, o+ter nigan geara ond se +tridda seofan geara.
<R 285>
[\JA24 A 10\] Ond +dara cnihta naman w+aron Urbanus,
Prilidanus, Epolanus.
<R 286>
[\JA24 A 11\] +Dis w+as swi+de cl[{+a{]ne biscop, ond his
cl+annes swi+de m+are w+as.
<P 26>
[} [\25 JANUARY: THE CONVERSION OF ST. PAUL\] }]
<R 288>
[\JA25 A 1\] On +done fif ond twentig+dan d+ag +t+as
mon+des bi+d sancte Paules gehwerfnes to Criste.
<R 289>
[\JA25 A 2\] Se w+as +ar nemned Sauwlus ond he w+as
cristenra manna ehtere +ar ond cwellere.
<R 290>
[\JA25 A 4\] Ond +da f+aringa on midne d+ag com leoht
ofer hine of heofonum, ond stefn clypade +tus 
cwe+dende, Sawlus, Saulus, hw+at ehtes +du me?
<R 292>
[\JA25 A 7\] Ic eom Ihesus, +d+at is h+alend, +tone +tu
ehtest.
<R 293>
[\JA25 A 8\] Ond +ta +after +dissum he onfeng
fullwihte, ond his nama w+as Paulus geciged, ond he w+as 
ealra cristenra +deoda lareow, for+don he is nemned ofer
ealle o+dre se +a+tela +deoda lareow.
[} [\27? FEBRUARY: DISCOVERY OF THE HEAD OF ST. JOHN THE 
BAPTIST; THE END OF FEBRUARY\] }]
<R 297>
[\FE28 A 1\] Sanctus Iohannes hine +t+am men on niht ond
hine het gewitan mid +ty heafde on Fenice +t+are
m+ag+de on +da burh Emisena.
<R 299>
[\FE28 A 3\] Swa +t+at Iohannes heafod ferde.
[\FE28 A 4\] Hwilum hit h+afdon geleaffulle men, hwilum
swi+de ungeleaffulle, ond +aghw+ar hit scan 
mid godcundum wundrum.
<P 27>
<R 302>
[\FE28 A 7\] +Donne se solmona+d bi+d geendod, +tonne
bi+d seo niht feowertyne tida lang, ond se d+ag tyn tida.
[} [\THE BEGINNING OF MARCH\] }]
<R 304>
[\MA00 A 1\] On +d+am +triddan mon+de on geare bi+d an
ond +trittig daga, ond se mon+d is nemned on l+aden 
(\Martius\) ond on ure ge+teode hredmona+d.
[} [\2 MARCH: ST. CHAD\] }]
<R 306>
[\MA02 A 1\] On +tone +afteran d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+t+as biscopes geleornes sancte Ceaddan.
<R 307>
[\MA02 A 2\] Ond +t+as wundor ond lif Beda se leornere
wrat on Angelcynnes bocum.
<R 308>
[\MA02 A 4\] +Done Ceaddan +dyder se ercebiscop nam be
nor+dan gem+are on +d+am mynstre L+astenga yge ond
hine as+ande Myrceon to biscope ond Middelenglum ond
Lindesfarum, ond openlice godes englas l+addon
hine mid wynsume sange to heofonum.
<R 312>
[\MA02 A 8\] Ond +t+at gehyrde his godes +teow sum,
+t+as nama w+as Owine.
<R 313>
[\MA02 A 10\] Ond sancte Ecgberht se ancra s+agde
Higebalde +t+am abbode +t+at Ceaddes sauwl +d+as biscopes
come of heofonum mid engla weorode ond fette his bro+tor
sawle to heofonum.
<R 315>
[\MA02 A 13\] +T+as biscopes lichoma reste+t +at
Licettfelda on +d+am mynstre.
<P 28>
[} [\4 MARCH: ST. ADRIAN, NATALIA\] }]
<R 317>
[\MA04 A 1\] On +done feor+dan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Adrianes +drowung +t+as +a+telan weres, se w+as +d+as
caseres +degnscipes ealdorman, +de
Maximianus w+as nemned.
<R 319>
[\MA04 A 4\] +Da geseah he hu anr+ade +ta cristenan
men w+aron, +ta gelyfde he Criste ond +trowade 
micelne martyrdom for Criste.
<R 321>
[\MA04 A 6\] Adrianus w+as geong ond +anlic on eahta ond
twentigum geara, ond he h+afde +a+tele bryd, seo
w+as on naman Natale+e, ond syxtyne mona+d hi w+aron somod.
<R 323>
[\MA04 A 9\] Seo hine l+arde +t+at he n+afre godes
geleafan forlete ond +t+at n+anig woruldf+agernes +afre 
his ge+doht oncerde.
<R 325>
[\MA04 A 12\] Ond +after +tan +de he h+afde martyrdom
ge+drowad for gode, +da genam heo sancte Adrianes 
hand, seo him w+as ofacorfen, ond heo begeat +ta mid
deorwyr+dum wyrtum ond bewand on godwebbe ond
asette +at hire heafdum on hire r+aste ond hire h+afde +ta to
hihte.
<R 329>
[\MA04 A 17\] +Ta ongan o+der rice man h+a+ten hi
la+dian to his gesynscipe.
<R 330>
[\MA04 A 19\] +Ta weop heo ond cw+a+d, drihten god,
gefultuma me, +tinre +teowenne, +t+at ic n+afre gewemme
Adrianes brydr+aste +dines martyres.
<R 332>
[\MA04 A 21\] Ond +da genam heo +ta hand ane ond astag
on scip ond la+d of Nicomedia ceastre in 
Bisantiam +done tun ofer +done s+a, +tyder cristne men h+afdon
gel+aded Adrianus lichoman.
<R 335>
[\MA04 A 25\] +Da on middeniht +da oncierde +t+at scip
on wonne si+df+at +turh deofles beswicennesse.
<R 336>
[\MA04 A 27\] +Da +atywde +t+ar sona Adrianus sittende
on medmiclum scipe ond clypade on +t+at scip +te 
+t+at wif on w+as mid +t+are hand ond 
<P 29>
cw+a+d, Fera+d nu swa swa
eowre seglas sendon geseted, se wind eow l+ade+t.
<R 339>
[\MA04 A 31\] +Ta aras Natalia ond geseah +t+at sanctus
Adrianus him la+d beforan.
<R 340>
[\MA04 A 33\] Heo +ta gefeonde cw+a+t, (\Ecce dominus
meus\) Hona la min hlaford.
<R 341>
[\MA04 A 34\] Ond +ta sona ne mihte heo hine geseon.
<R 342>
[\MA04 A 35\] Heo +ta la+d on +done tun +t+ar se lichoma
w+as ond asette +ta hand to +t+am lichoman ond hire
+t+ar geb+ad ond +ta hwon onslep, for+don +te heo w+as on
+t+are s+a swi+de geswenced.
<R 345>
[\MA04 A 38\] +Da +atywde sanctus Adrianus hire on +d+am
sl+ape ond cw+a+d hire to, Wel +tu come, ac cum to
us on ece reste.
<R 346>
[\MA04 A 41\] Ond +da sona onsende heo hire gast to
gode.
[} [\7 MARCH: ST. PERPETUA, FELICITY\] }]
<R 348>
[\MA07 A 1\] On +done seofo+dan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+tara haligra wifa gemynd sancta Perpetuan ond 
sancta Felicitatis, +dara lichoma reste+t on Cartagine +t+are
miclan ceastre on Affrica m+ag+de.
<R 350>
[\MA07 A 4\] +T+are Perpetuan m+atte +ta heo w+as on
m+adenhade +t+at heo w+are on w+ares
hiwe ond [{+d+at{] heo h+afde sweord on handa ond +d+at
heo stranglice fuhte mid +ty.
<R 353>
[\MA07 A 8\] +T+at w+as eall eft on hire martyrdome
gefylled, +da heo mid werlice ge+dohte deofol 
oferswi+dde ond +ta h+a+tnan ehteras.
<R 355>
[\MA07 A 10\] +Donne w+as seo Felicitatis cristen wif,
ond heo w+as mid bearne
<P 30> 
+da heo w+as for Criste on carcern ons+anded.
<R 356>
[\MA07 A 12\] +Ta woldan +ta ehteras hi for+ton
forl+atan.
<R 357>
[\MA07 A 13\] +Da weop heo ond b+ad god +t+at he hire
+d+at bearn framadyde, ond +ta acende heo hit on 
+d+are ylcan niht on +done seofo+dan mona+d +t+as beor+dres.
<R 359>
[\MA07 A 16\] Ond heo ge+trowade martyrdom for Criste.
[} [\7 MARCH: ST. EASTORWINE\] }]
<R 361>
[\MA07 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+as halgan
abbodes geleornes, se w+as nemned Eastorwine.
<R 362>
[\MA07 B 2\] Se w+as her on Brytene on sancte Petres
mynstre +at Wiremu+dan.
<R 363>
[\MA07 B 3\] +T+at w+as swi+de +a+tele wer for worolde
ond for gode micle +a+telra.
<R 364>
[\MA07 B 5\] He w+as Ecgfer+des +tegn +d+as cyninges,
ac he forlet +ta w+apna ond +da woruldlican wisan ond
eode on +t+at mynster ond w+as +t+ar m+assepreost ond abbod.
<R 366>
[\MA07 B 8\] Ond hwe+tre he w+as for gode swa ea+dmod
+t+at he sulh heold ond on iren sloh ond corn 
+d+arsc ond +t+at windwode ond ewa mealc ond +da cealfas to 
cuum l+adde ond hlafas br+adde ond leac sette.
<R 369>
[\MA07 B 12\] Ond +ta he w+as on feower ond twentigum
geara +after twelf gearum +d+as +te he w+as on +d+am 
mynstre, +da forlet he +ta eor+dlican lima ond gesohte +ta
heofonlico rico.
<R 372>
[\MA07 B 16\] Ond +ty d+age +te he his gast on niht
ons+ande he s+at ute on sunnan ond eallum +d+am 
wependum bro+drum ond gnorniendum he sealde sibbecoss.
<P 31>
[} [\9 MARCH: FORTY SOLDIERS OF SEBASTEA\] }]
<R 375>
[\MA09 A 1\] On +done nyge+dan d+ag +d+as mon+des bi+d
feowertiges c+ampena +drowung on Sebastia +d+are ceastre
on Licinis tidum +d+as cyninges.
<R 377>
[\MA09 A 3\] +T+at w+aron strange weras ond sigef+aste
on woroldgefeohtum, ond hw+a+tre arwyr+dlice gode 
herdon.
<R 378>
[\MA09 A 5\] +Da ongan +t+are burge gerefa, se w+as on
naman Agriculaus, ond +dara c+ampena ealdorman, se
w+as on naman Lyssiarchus, hi neddon +t+at hi Criste
wi+dsocan.
<R 381>
[\MA09 A 8\] +Ta hi +t+at ne ge+dafedan, +ta hetan hi on
+afenne on swi+de cealdum
winde weorpan hi on deopne mere.
<R 382>
[\MA09 A 10\] On +d+am mere w+as micel is ond yfel, ond
+t+ar w+as hat b+a+t bi +t+am mere, +t+at gif heora 
hwilc on his geleafan getweode, +t+at he gebuge to +t+am.
<R 384>
[\MA09 A 13\] +Ta on forewearde niht sna+d +t+at is
+dara haligra lichoman.
<R 385>
[\MA09 A 14\] +Ta getweode heora an on his mode ond arn
to +t+am hatan ba+de ond w+as sona dead, ond him
+ta lima ealle tofeollan.
<R 387>
[\MA09 A 17\] +Da on niht com leoht of heofonum swa
hat swa sunne bi+d on sumera, ond +t+at is gemelte,
ond +t+at w+ater wear+d wearm.
<R 389>
[\MA09 A 19\] Ond +tara wearda sum geseah +d+at of
heofonum com an l+as feowertig wuldorbeaga ofer +ta 
c+ampan.
<R 391>
[\MA09 A 21\] +Ta ongeat he +t+at se w+as gode wi+dcoren
se +te on +d+at b+a+t eode.
<R 392>
[\MA09 A 23\] +Ta gecerde se weard to Criste ond awearp
his hr+agl him of ond hleop on +done mere ond 
stod on +dara midle ond mid him +turh martyrdom his gast to
gode ons+ande.
<P 32>
[} [\12 MARCH: POPE GREGORY THE GREAT\] }]
<R 395>
[\MA12 A 1\] On +done twelftan d+ag +d+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Gregorius [^THE WORD gregories HAS THE LETTER v WRITTEN
ABOVE THE SECOND e IN THE MS^] geleornes ures f+ader, se us 
fullwiht ons+ande on +das Brytene.
<R 396>
[\MA12 A 3\] He is ure [{altor{] , ond we syndan his
[{alumni{] .
<R 397>
[\MA12 A 4\] +D+at is +d+at he is ure festerf+ader on
Criste, ond we syndon his festerbearn on 
fullwihte.
<R 399>
[\MA12 A 6\] Gregorius ge+tingade mid his tearum ond mid
his gebedan Traianus sauwle +d+as h+a+tnan 
caseres +t+at hine god of helle gefreode ond on reste gel+adde.
<R 401>
[\MA12 A 9\] Ond Gregorius cnihta sum geseah hwite
culfran of heofonum ond sittan on Gregorius 
heafde ond him e+tode on +done mu+d +tone godcundan wisdom +te 
he on bocum wrat.
[} [\13 MARCH: ST. MACEDONIUS, PATRICIA, MODESTA\] }]
<R 405>
[\MA13 A 1\] On +done +treoteg+dan d+ag +d+as mon+des
bi+d +t+as m+assepreostes tid sancte Macedones ond his 
wifes, seo w+as nemned Patricie, ond his dohtar +d+are nama
w+as Modest+e.
<P 33>
[} [\18 MARCH: THE FIRST DAY OF CREATION\] }]
<R 408>
[\MA18 A 1\] Ond tosced on twa d+ag ond niht.
<P 34>
[} [\19 MARCH: THE SECOND DAY OF CREATION\] }]
<R 409>
[\MA19 A 1\] On +done nygonteog+dan d+ag mon+des bi+d se
+aftera worolde
d+ag.
<R 410>
[\MA19 A 2\] On +d+am d+age god gescop +done rodor
betweoh heofone ond eor+dan ond betweoh +d+am twam 
s+aum, +d+am uplican ond +t+am ni+derlican.
<R 412>
[\MA19 A 5\] Se uplica s+a is to +t+am geseted +t+at he
cele+d +d+are tungla h+ato, +dy l+as heo to swi+de 
b+arne +tas ny+terlican gesceafte, ond se rodor ymbfeh+d utan
eall +das ni+derlican gesc+afte, s+a ond eor+dan,
swa seo scell ymbfeh+d +t+at +ag, swa leorneras secga+d.
<P 35>
[} [\19 MARCH: ST. GREGORY NAZIANZEN\] }]
<R 416>
[\MA19 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d sancte Gregories
tid +t+as cl+anan biscopes, se w+as on +d+are ceastre
Nazasenie.
<R 417>
[\MA19 B 3\] +D+am biscope +ateawdon on [{hys{]
geogo+de +durh nihtlice gesih+d f+agre f+amnan ond cw+adon to
him, Wit sendon +dine sweostra, ond Crist unc sende to +te,
ond wit sceolon a beon mid +te +tenden +du 
leofast.
<R 420>
[\MA19 B 7\] Ond uncer o+der hatte Sapienti+e, o+der
Castitas.
<R 421>
[\MA19 B 8\] +T+at is +donne godcund snyttro ond
cl+annes.
[} [\20 MARCH: THE THIRD DAY OF CREATION\] }]
<R 423>
[\MA20 A 1\] On +done twenteg+dan d+ag +t+as mon+des
bi+d se +tridda worolde d+ag.
<R 424>
[\MA20 A 2\] On +d+am d+age god tosced on twa eor+dan
ond s+a, ond +done s+a he gesette to+ton +t+at se 
sceolde fixas fedan, ond of +t+am sceoldan regnas ofer eor+dan
cuman.
<R 426>
[\MA20 A 5\] For+don 
<P 36>
+d+are lyfte gecynd is +t+at heo
teh+d to +ta renas of +d+am sealtan s+a, ond +turh hire 
m+agen heo fersc sende+t to eor+dan.
<R 428>
[\MA20 A 8\] Ond on +alcum anum geare weaxe+d +t+at
flod +d+as s+as feower ond twentigum si+da ond swa oft
wana+d.
<R 430>
[\MA20 A 10\] Fylle+tflod bi+d nemned ond on l+aden 
(\malina\) , ond se nepflod (\ledo\) .
[} [\20 MARCH: ST. CUTHBERT\] }]
<R 431>
[\MA20 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d sancte Cuthberhtes
geleornes +d+as halgan biscopes, se w+as on +tysse
Brytene on +t+are m+ag+de +te is nemned Transhumbrentium,
[{+d+at{] is Nor+danhymbra +deod.
<R 433>
[\MA20 B 4\] +Done wer oft
englas sohtan ond him tobrohtan heofonlico gereordo.
<R 434>
[\MA20 B 6\] Ond he h+afde +ta miht +t+at he mihte
geseon manna sawle, +ta cl+anan ond +da o+tre, +tonne 
<P 37>
heo of +t+am lichoman leordon, ond ealle untrumnesse he mihte
h+alan mid his gebedum.
<R 437>
[\MA20 B 9\] +T+at w+as his wundra sum +t+at he w+as
+at gereordum on sumre +a+telre abbadissan mynster.
<R 438>
[\MA20 B 11\] +Da he aras on d+age of undernr+aste,
+da s+ade he +t+at hine +dyrste, and het him beran 
w+ater to +t+at he mihte onbergean.
<R 440>
[\MA20 B 13\] +Da bletsode he +t+at w+ater ond his
onbergde ond sealde his m+assepreoste.
<R 442>
[\MA20 B 15\] Ond he hit sealde heora +tene.
[\MA20 B 16\] Heora +ten w+as +d+as ilcan mynstres
m+assepreost.
<R 443>
[\MA20 B 17\] +Da ondranc se +t+as w+atres ond sealde
hit +t+am bre+der +de him +atstod, +d+as mynstres 
profoste, ond se ondranc eac +t+as w+atres, ond hi gefeldan 
begen +t+at +t+at w+as +d+at betste win.
<R 446>
[\MA20 B 20\] Ond +ta hi +ta tid h+afdon ymb +t+at to
spreconne, +ta ondette heora +ag+der o+trum +t+at hi 
n+afre +ar selre wiin ne druncon.
<P 38>
[} [\21 MARCH: THE FOURTH DAY OF CREATION\] }]
<R 448>
[\MA21 A 1\] On +done an ond twenteg+dan d+ag bi+d se
feor+da worolde d+ag.
<R 449>
[\MA21 A 2\] On +d+am d+age god gesette on heofones
rodor sunnan ond monan.
<R 450>
[\MA21 A 3\] +Ta w+as seo sunne seofon si+dum beorhtre
+donne heo nu is, ond se mona h+afde +da +da 
beorhtnesse +te seo sunne nu hafa+d.
<R 451>
[\MA21 A 5\] Ac +ta Adam ond Eua on neorxnawonge
gesyngodan, +da w+as +t+am tunglum gewonad heora 
beorhtnes, ond hi n+afdon na si+d+dan butan +tone seofo+dan 
d+al heora leohtes.
<R 454>
[\MA21 A 9\] Ac on domes d+age [^EDITION: domesd+age^] 
+tonne ure drihten edniwa+d ealle gesceafte, ond eall 
m+annisc cynn eft arise+d ond hi n+afre ma ne gesyngia+d, 
+tonne scine+d seo sunne seofon si+dum beorhtre +donne heo 
nu do, ond heo n+afre on setl gange+t, ond se mona scine+d 
swa swa nu seo sunne de+t, ond he n+afre ma wona+d
ne ne weaxe+d on his endebyrdnesse, ac +tenden +ta tunglu
her lyhta+t on +dysse deadlican worolde.
<R 460>
[\MA21 A 17\] Symble +donne se mona gange+t +after
<P 39>
+d+are sunnan, +donne weaxe+d his leoht, [^THE FOLLOWING NINE
WORDS ARE TAKEN FROM MS C^] +tonne he by+d beforan hyre, 
+tonne wana+d hys leoht. Ond swa he
bi+d +t+are sunnan near swa bi+d his leoht l+asse,
ond swa he bi+d hire fyrr swa bi+d his leoht mare, ond 
hw+a+dre he bi+d symble +turh +ta sunnan onlyhted.
[} [\21 MARCH: ST. BENEDICT OF NURSIA\] }]
<R 465>
[\MA21 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d sancte Benedictes
geleornes +d+as halgan abbodes.
<R 466>
[\MA21 B 2\] Se w+as acenned on Nursia +d+are m+ag+de,
ond sona on his cnihthade he wilnade +t+at he gode 
anum licade.
<R 467>
[\MA21 B 4\] Ond on sumum +tara mynstra +te he
ofergeseted w+as +ta bro+dor him woldon sellan attor 
drincan for+don +te hi ne mostan for him naht unalyfedlices
begangan.
<R 470>
[\MA21 B 7\] +Da he +ta senade +t+at f+at +te +t+at
attor on w+as, +da tob+arst hit sw+a +t+ar mon stan onwurpe.
<R 471>
[\MA21 B 9\] Ond he mid bli+de mode [{forlet{] +dara
bro+dra onwald ond eft to his o+drum mynstre ferde.
<R 473>
[\MA21 B 11\] W+as his godes +teow 
<P 40>
sum se +at n+anigre
gebedtide wolde on +d+are cirican wunian +d+at he 
mid +t+am o+trum his gebed gefylde.
<R 475>
[\MA21 B 14\] +Da geseah se abbod +d+at sum lytel cniht
sweart teah +tone bro+dor be his hr+agle of +t+are 
cirican ut.
<R 476>
[\MA21 B 16\] Se abbod +ta sume d+age utgangende sloh
+done bro+dor mid gyrde, ond +ta w+as se feond mid+ty 
geflymed [{swa{] he hine sloh, ond se bro+dor si+t+tan a
wunode +at his gebede.
<R 479>
[\MA21 B 19\] +Dy d+age +de se abbod geleorde his
bro+dra twegen geseagon +anne weg fram his mynstre 
rihte east on +done heofon.
<R 480>
[\MA21 B 22\] Se w+as bebr+aded mid hwitum ryftum, ond
+t+ar w+as on unrim scinendra leohtfata, ond +t+ar
stod an beorht wer ond cw+a+t to him, +tis is se weg mid+ty
+te drihtnes se leofa Benedictus astag on
heofon.
[} [\22 MARCH: THE FIFTH DAY OF CREATION\] }]
<R 484>
[\MA22 A 1\] On +done twa ond twenteg+dan d+ag +d+as
mon+des bi+d se fifta d+ag worolde.
<R 485>
[\MA22 A 2\] On +d+am d+age god gescop of 
<P 41>
w+atere eall fleotendra fixa cyn ond fleogendra fugla.
<R 486>
[\MA22 A 4\] Woroldsnottre men secga+d +t+at +ta
ficsas syn on s+a hundteontiges cynna ond +dreo ond 
fiftiges.
<R 487>
[\MA22 A 6\] Ond
nis +anig manna +t+at he wite hw+at
+tara fugla cynna sy ofer eor+dan.
<R 489>
[\MA22 A 7\] Ond hw+a+dre +aghwelc fugal wuna+d +d+at
+d+at he of gesceapen w+as.
[\MA22 A 9\] +Da swimma+t nu sealtum y+tum +da +te of
+d+am gesceapen w+aron, ond +da wunia+d on merum ond 
on flodum +ta +te of +d+am ferscum w+atre gesc+apene w+aron,
ond +ta sitta+t on feldum ond ne magon swimman
+da +te of +t+as gr+ases deawe geworht w+aron, ond +ta
wunia+d on wudum +da +te of +tara treowa dropum 
gehiwode w+aron, ond +ta wunia+d on f+anne +ta +te gewurdon of
+t+as f+annes w+atan.
[} [\23 MARCH: THE SIXTH DAY OF CREATION, ADAM AND EVE\] }]
<R 496>
[\MA23 A 1\] On +done +dreo ond twenteg+dan d+ag +d+as
mon+des +d+at bi+d se sexta worolde d+ag.
<R 497>
[\MA23 A 2\] On +d+am w+as Adam 
<P 42>
gesc+apen se +aresta
man, ond Eua his wif w+as gesc+apen of his ribbe. Hi 
w+aron swa gesc+apene
<R 499>
[\MA23 A 4\] +d+at hi ne mihte fyr b+arnan ne w+ater
dr+ancean ne wildeor slitan ne +torn stician.
<R 500>
[\MA23 A 6\] Ne hi ne mihtan n+afre forealdian ne deade
beon, gif hi godes bebodu geheoldan.
<R 501>
[\MA23 A 8\] Ac +ta hi +t+at ne geheoldan, +da
under+deoddon hi selfe ond eall +d+at m+annisce cynn to sare
ond eldo ond to dea+de.
<R 503>
[\MA23 A 10\] Adam lifde her on wr+acsi+de nigan hund
geara ond +dritig geara, ond his ban syndon 
bebyrged noht feorr beeastan +d+are byrig +de is nemned 
Cebron, ond him is +d+at heafod su+d gewend ond 
+ta fet nor+d, ond seo byrgen is bewrigen mid dimmum stanum 
ond yfellicum.
[} [\23 MARCH: ST. THEODORET\] }]
<R 508>
[\MA23 B 1\] On +done ylcan d+ag bi+d +t+as halgan
m+assepreostes +drowung, se w+as nemned +teodorotos.
<R 509>
[\MA23 B 2\] Se +trowade 
<P 43>
monigfealdne martyrdom for
Criste on Antiochia +t+are ceastre on Iulianus 
dagum +t+as h+a+tnan caseres, ond +atnyhstan he w+as 
beheafdod.
<R 511>
[\MA23 B 5\] Ond +da +t+are ylcan niht +da [{swealt{]
se dema +te hine cwellan het mid unasecgendlicum 
sarum, efne swa +t+at he spaw his inno+d ut +turh his mu+d.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 208>
[} [\15 SEPTEMBER: ST. MAMILIAN\] }]
<R 2000>
[\SE15 B 1\] On +done ylcan d+ag bi+d +d+as halgan
munecys geleornes ond +t+as ancran sancti Mamiliani.
<R 2001>
[\SE15 B 2\] Se dyde manega wundru, ond he h+alde
untrume men mid his gebedum ond he w+as swa gistli+te
+t+at he for godes lufon eode to reordum mid +tam tocumendum
mannum.
<R 2004>
[\SE15 B 6\] +Ta t+alde hine an oferhydig bisceop
for+ton ond sende his twegen cempan +t+at +da sceoldon 
+done ancran him togel+adan, +t+at he ongeate hwylce his
+deawas w+aron.
<R 2006>
[\SE15 B 9\] +Da b+ed he +ta cempan +t+at hi for godes
lufon onfengon gereorde mid him.
<R 2007>
[\SE15 B 11\] Ge+tafode +t+at o+ter, o+der [^INTERPUNCTION
ALTERED TO TIRONIC NOTE IN FRONT OF o+der^] +dam
wi+tsoc, se w+as yldra ond oferhydygra.
<R 2009>
[\SE15 B 12\] +Da hi +ta eodon on +tone weg, +da ongan
+done oferhydygan +tyrstan on dea+t.
<R 2010>
[\SE15 B 14\] +Da feol he to +d+as godes +teowes fotum
ond him b+ad miltse.
<R 2011>
[\SE15 B 15\] +Da geseah se godes +teow wilde 
[^THE WORD an IS WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE IN FRONT OF wilde^]
<P 209>
hinde melce.
[\SE15 B 16\] +Ta gesenode he hi, +da gestod heo, ond
se ge+tyrsta mon meolcode +da hinde ond dranc +ta
meolc, ond his +durst w+as geli+tad.
<R 2013>
[\SE15 B 18\] +Da [^THE FOLLOWING TWO WORDS ARE TAKEN FROM
MS C^] forhtodon +ta lattowas swi+te [^THE WORD wundroda IS
WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE AFTER swi+de^] for [{+dam{] wundrum.
<R 2014>
[\SE15 B 19\] +Ta he com to +tam oferhydigan bisceope,
+ta w+as +d+ar broht to fulwihte niwan acenned 
cild.
<R 2015>
[\SE15 B 21\] +Ta het se bisceop hine fullian +t+at
cild.
<R 2016>
[\SE15 B 22\] +Ta cw+a+t he, Hw+as sunu is hit?
<R 2017>
[\SE15 B 23\] +Ta cw+a+t se bisceop, Mines hereteman.
[\SE15 B 24\] +Ta locode sanctus Mamilium on +t+at cild
ond cw+a+t, Saga me hwa +tin f+ader sy.
<R 2019>
[\SE15 B 25\] +Da cw+a+t +t+at cild, +tes bisceop +te
her stent.
[\SE15 B 26\] +Da gerehte +t+at cild beforan +tam
bisceope sancti Mamiliani hu hit w+as gestryned +durh 
+d+as bisceopes unrihth+amed.
<R 2021>
[\SE15 B 29\] +Da [{gefullude{] [{he{] +d+at cild ond +ta
demde he +dam bisceope for his dyrnum geligrum, se 
+dohte +ar +t+at he sceolde him deman, 
<P 210>
for+ton +te he for godes
lufon +at mid geswencedum monnum.
[} [\16 SEPTEMBER: ST. EUPHEMIA\] }]
<R 2025>
[\SE16 A 1\] On +done XVIan d+ag +t+as mon+tes bi+d
[{+t+are f+amnan{] +drowung sancta Eufemia, seo +drowode 
m+arne martyrdom for Criste in Calcidonia +t+are ceastre on
Dioclitianus dagum +t+as kaseres.
<R 2027>
[\SE16 A 4\] Priscus se ealdormon geresde on +ta
f+amnan in cristenmonna midle, swa wullf [{ger+ase+d{] 
on sceap on miclum ewede, ond he nydde hi +t+at heo Criste
wi+dsoce.
<R 2030>
[\SE16 A 7\] +Ta heo +t+at ne ge+tafode, +da het he [^THE WORD
he TAKEN FROM MS C^] hi weorpan in byrnende [^TORONTO CORPUS: 
byrnendne^] ofen.
<R 2031>
[\SE16 A 9\] +Da cw+a+t +tara +degna sum, se w+as on naman
Sustenis, +ar ic me sylfne ofslea mid mine 
sweorde, +ar +ton ic sende mine hond on +tas 
<P 211>
f+amnan.
<R 2033>
[\SE16 A 12\] Ic geseo beort werod mid hire.
<R 2034>
[\SE16 A 12\] +Da ongyrde o+ter +tegn +ta f+amnan, se
w+as on noman Uictor.
<R 2035>
[\SE16 A 14\] +Da cw+a+t se, Eala, ealdormon, +dis me is
hefi to donne.
[\SE16 A 15\] Ic geseo f+agere weras stondan in +disses
ofnes mu+te, +ta [{tostreda+d{] +tone lig +t+at he ne
m+ag na sce+d+tan +tisse f+amnan.
<R 2037>
[\SE16 A 17\] +Ta genamon o+tre twegen +ta f+amnan ond
wurpon in +done ofn.
<R 2038>
[\SE16 A 18\] +Ta eode se lig of +tam ofne ond
forb+arnde hi begen, ond hire he ne sce+tede.
<R 2039>
[\SE16 A 20\] +Tisse f+amnan lichoma restet neah
Calcidonia +t+are ceastre, ond ure f+adras hi nemdon +ta
sigef+astan f+amnan.
[} [\19 SEPTEMBER: ST. JANUARIUS ETC.\] }]
<R 2042>
[\SE19 A 1\] On +done XVIIIIan d+ag +t+as mon+tes bi+d
+t+as bisceopes gemynd sancti Ianuari.
<R 2043>
[\SE19 A 2\] Se +trowode martyrdom for Criste in +d+are
ceastre Beneuentum 
<P 212>
ond his deaconas mid him, +ta
w+aron on nomam sanctus Festus ond sanctus Desiderius.
[} [\20 SEPTEMBER: ST. FAUSTA, EVILASIUS\] }]
<R 2046>
[\SE20 A 1\] On +tone XX d+ag +t+as mon+tes bi+d +t+are
f+amnan gemynd sancta Fausta ond sancti Efilasi.
<R 2047>
[\SE20 A 2\] +T+at w+as se gerefa se +te [{geheold{]
+ta witu +ta se casere het don +t+are halgan f+amnan 
Faustan.
<R 2048>
[\SE20 A 4\] +Ta gelyfde he gode for +tam wundrum +da
he +ta geseah +at hire, ond he +da ge+trowode 
martyrdom mid hire.
[} [\21 SEPTEMBER: ST. MATTHEW\] }]
<R 2051>
[\SE21 A 1\] On +done XXI d+ag +t+as mon+tes bi+d +t+as
apostoles tid sanctus Matheus.
<R 2052>
[\SE21 A 2\] Se w+as +arest mid Iudeum theloniarius,
+t+at is gafoles moniend ond wicgerefa, 
<P 213>
ac Crist hine ceas him to +tegene.
<R 2054>
[\SE21 A 4\] Ond he wrat ealra manna +erest Cristes
godspel mid Iudeum.
[\SE21 A 6\] Ond +after Cristes upastignesse he
gel+arde twua m+ag+ta to godes geleafan, Macedonian +ta
m+ag+de ond Sigelwara m+ag+de, ond of [{Sigelwarum{]
he flymde [{twegen{] dryas, +da +tar worhton micel 
scinlac mid twam dracum, ond he awehte hira cyninges sunu of 
dea+te ond +tone cyning gefulwade +t+as nama
w+as Eilippus, ond his quene noma w+as Eufenisse.
<R 2060>
[\SE21 A 12\] Ac hw+a+dre o+ter kyning w+as +after +tam,
se w+as on naman Hirtacus.
<R 2061>
[\SE21 A 14\] He het +tisne Matheum hindan mid sweorde
+turstingan, +t+ar he stod +atforan godes 
weofode in gebede, for+d+am +te he ne moste ane godes f+amnan,
+t+at w+as an nunne, him to wife onfon.
<R 2064>
[\SE21 A 18\] Ac Matheus him s+agde +t+at he w+are swa
synnig wi+d god, gif he +da gehalgodan f+amnan to 
legerteame onfenge, swa se +deow w+are se +de fenge on
<P 214> 
kyninges quene to unryhtum h+amde.
<R 2066>
[\SE21 A 21\] Ond +da sona +after Matheus +trowunge +ta
forborn +d+as cyninges heall mid eallum his 
spedum, ond his sunu awedde, ond he sylf ahreofode ond tob+arst
mid wundum from +dam heafde o+d +da fet, 
ond he asette his sweord upweard ond +da hyne sylfne ofstang.
<R 2070>
[\SE21 A 27\] Sanctus Matheus lichoma reste+d on
Parthora muntum ond bide+d +t+are toweardan +ariste.
[} [\22 SEPTEMBER: ST. MAURICE AND THE THEBAN LEGION\] }]
<R 2073>
[\SE22 A 1\] On +done XXII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancti Maurices +drowung ond VI +tusyndo martyra mid him
ond VI hund.
<R 2075>
[\SE22 A 3\] +T+at w+as cempena werod +ta comon of
eastd+ale of Campodocia m+ag+de +dam casere to fultume 
Maximiane, ond hie w+aron swi+de sigef+aste weras in eallum
gefeohtum.
<R 2077>
[\SE22 A 6\] Ac +da onfand se casere +atnehstan +t+at
hie w+aron cristene.
<P 215>
<R 2078>
[\SE22 A 8\] +Da het he [^THE WORD he TAKEN FROM MS C^] hy 
gemartyrian +t+at heora
+t+at halige blod orn +after eor+dan swa swa flod.
<R 2079>
[\SE22 A 9\] Nyton we heora nomena na ma +tonne
sanctus Mauricius, se w+as +d+as werodes ealdorman, 
ond sanctus Exuprius ond sanctus Candidus.
<R 2081>
[\SE22 A 12\] +Ta o+dra noman syndon awritene on
heofenum on lifes bocum.
[} [\23 SEPTEMBER: ST. SOSIUS\] }]
<R 2083>
[\SE23 A 1\] On +done XXIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+d+as diacones gemynd se is nemned sancti Sossy.
<R 2084>
[\SE23 A 2\] He w+as in +d+are ceastre Meselana,
ond sume d+age +ta he r+adde godspell +at m+assan, +da scan
him heofonlic leoht ymb +d+at heafod.
<R 2086>
[\SE23 A 5\] +Da cw+a+d se biscop se +de his lareow
w+as, Ne bi+d +tes diacon noht longe mid us, ac he 
sceal beon mid Criste.
<R 2088>
[\SE23 A 7\] Ond +ta +after feawa dagum +da endode he
his lif +turh martyrhad for Criste.
<P 216>
[} [\23 SEPTEMBER: ST. THECLA\] }]
<R 2090>
[\SE23 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d sancte Teclan tid
+t+are halgan f+amnan.
<R 2091>
[\SE23 B 2\] Seo w+as in +d+are ceastre Ioconio, ond heo
w+as +d+ar beweddedo +a+delum brydguman.
<R 2092>
[\SE23 B 3\] +Da gehyrde heo Paules lare +d+as
apostoles, +da gelyfde heo gode ond awunode in hyre 
m+ag+dhade.
<R 2093>
[\SE23 B 5\] Ond for+don heo arefnde monegu witu.
<R 2094>
[\SE23 B 6\] Hy mon wearp in byrnende fyr, ond hio
nolde byrnan, ond hy mon sende in wildra deora 
menigo, in leona ond in berena, ond +da hie noldon slitan.
<R 2096>
[\SE23 B 9\] Hy mon wearp in s+adeora sea+d, ond +ta
hyre ne sce+dedon.
<R 2097>
[\SE23 B 10\] Hy mon band on wilde fearras, ond +da
hyre ne geegledon.
<R 2098>
[\SE23 B 12\] Ond +da +atneahstan heo scear hyre feax
swa swa weras ond gegyrede hy mid weres hr+agle
ond ferde mid Paulum, +tam godes +arendracan.
<R 2100>
[\SE23 B 14\] Tecle w+as swa myhtigu f+amne +t+at heo
ge+dingode to gode 
<P 217>
sumre h+a+denre f+amnan g+aste 
hwylcehwegu r+aste in +d+are +acan worulde.
[} [\24 SEPTEMBER: THE CONCEPTION OF ST. JOHN THE 
BAPTIST\] }]
<R 2103>
[\SE24 A 1\] On +done XXIIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancti Iohannis geeacnung +t+as miclan fulwihteres.
<R 2104>
[\SE24 A 2\] +Dy d+age Gabriel se heahengel +ateowde
Zacharie, Iohannis f+ader, +t+ar he stod +at +dam 
weofode ond ricels b+arnde in godes ans+agdnesse, ond him 
s+agde +t+at him scolde beon [^THE FOLLOWING SIX WORDS ARE
TAKEN FROM MS C^] sunu acenned, and +t+as nama sceolde
Iohannis gecigged.
<R 2108>
[\SE24 A 7\] +Ta nolde Zacharias +dam engle gelyfan 
[^THE FOLLOWING TWO WORDS ARE TAKEN FROM MS C^] 
+t+at hym ond his wife on heora yldo meahte beon sunu 
acenned.
<R 2109>
[\SE24 A 9\] +Ta cw+a+d se engel to him, +du bist dumb
o+d +tone d+ag o+d+d+at +de +tis bi+d.
<R 2111>
[\SE24 A 11\] Ond hit +da w+as swa geworden.
<P 218>
[} [\24 SEPTEMBER: ST. ANDOCHIUS, THYRSUS, FELIX\] }]
<R 2112>
[\SE24 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +tara haligra wera
tid sancti Andochi +t+as m+assepreostes ond sancti
Tyrsi +t+as diacones.
<R 2113>
[\SE24 B 3\] +Da comon of eastd+ale in Galwala m+ag+de
ond +t+ar monige men +tur fulwiht gel+ardon to 
Cristes geleafan ond +d+ar ge+trowodon martyrdom for godes 
naman on Aurelianus dagum +t+as caseres, ond sum
cepemon cristen mid him, +d+as nama w+as Felix.
<R 2117>
[\SE24 B 8\] +Aryst se casere him bead gold ond
seolfor wi+d+don +de hy forleton Cristes geleafan.
<R 2118>
[\SE24 B 10\] +Da noldon hy +d+at.
<R 2119>
[\SE24 B 10\] +Da het he [^THE FOLLOWING THIRTEEN WORDS
ARE TAKEN FROM MS C.^] hig weorpan on byrnende fyr, and hym
+t+at ne onhran. +Ta het he mid stengum heora sweoran
forslean.
<R 2120>
[\SE24 B 13\] +Da leordon +ta gastas to ecum gefean,
ond +at heora lichoman w+aron monug wundru 
gewordenu.
<P 219>
[} [\25 SEPTEMBER: ST. CEOLFRITH\] }]
<R 2122>
[\SE25 A 1\] On +done XXV d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d +d+as
[{halgan{] [{weres{] [{gemind{] se w+as on +disse Brytene,
ond he w+as nemned Ceolfri+d.
<R 2124>
[\SE25 A 3\] He w+as sumes haliges mynstres abbod be
nor+dan gem+are, +t+at w+as gehalgod sancte Petre.
<R 2125>
[\SE25 A 5\] Ond +da on his yldo ongan he feran to
Rome, ond +trim dagum +ar +don +te he ferde he s+agde 
his si+df+at +d+as mynstres bro+drum.
<R 2127>
[\SE25 A 8\] Ond si+d+dan he on si+de w+as, he asong
+alce d+age tuwa his saltere ond his m+assan, butan 
+dam anum d+age +de he on s+a w+as ond +trim dagum +ar his
ended+age.
<R 2129>
[\SE25 A 11\] He w+as on LXXIIII geara +ta he
for+dferde.
<R 2130>
[\SE25 A 12\] +After hundteontegum daga ond XIIII
+t+as +de he of his mynstre ferde, he geleorde on 
Burgenda m+ag+de +at Linguna ceastre, ond he w+as arwyr+dlice
bebyrged in +d+are cirican +te hy 
<P 220>
nemna+d (\sanctos geminos\) +at +dam halgum getwinnum mid micle 
wope ge on Angelcynnes monna ge +tiderleodiscra.
<R 2135>
[\SE25 A 18\] +T+ar his geferscipe hyne tod+alde on
+treo.
<R 2136>
[\SE25 A 19\] An d+al ferde for+d to Rome, o+der d+al
cyrde eft to Brytene
ond +t+at s+agdon, ond se +tridda
d+al ges+at +at his byrgenne for his lufan betweoh +da men
+te heora ge+teodo ne cu+don.
[} [\26 SEPTEMBER: ST. JUSTINA, CYPRIAN\] }]
<R 2139>
[\SE26 A 1\] [{On{] +done XXVI d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancta Justinan tid +t+are f+amnan ond +t+as biscopes 
sancti Cyprianus.
<R 2140>
[\SE26 A 3\] Se Cyprianus w+as +aryst ealra dry se
wyrsta, ond he wolde +t+are f+amnan mod on his 
scincr+aftum onwendan to h+a+dendome ond to uncl+anum h+amede.
<R 2143>
[\SE26 A 6\] Ac +da gedwinon his drycr+aftas for hyre
halignesse swa swa rec +tonne he toglide+d, o+d+de 
weax +tonne 
<P 221>
hit for fyre gemelte+d.
<R 2145>
[\SE26 A 8\] +Ta forlet he +tone drycr+aft, ond he w+as
geworden halig biscop, ond mid +t+are ilcan f+amnan
he +trowode eft martyrdom, ond heora lichoma reste+d in
+d+are ceastre +te is nemned Antiochia.
[} [\27 SEPTEMBER: ST. COSMAS, DAMIAN\] }]
<R 2148>
[\SE27 A 1\] On +done XXVII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+tara haligra gebro+dra tid sancti Cosme ond sancti 
Damiani.
<R 2149>
[\SE27 A 3\] +T+at w+aron heahl+acas, ond hy lacnodon
+aghwylce untrumnesse monna, ond hy ne onfengon 
nowiht +at n+anigum men, ne +at weligum ne +at heanum.
<R 2152>
[\SE27 A 6\] +Ta geh+aldon hie sum wif of micelre
medtrumnesse.
[\SE27 A 7\] +Da brohte seo diogollice sancti Damiane
medmicle gretinge.
<R 2153>
[\SE27 A 8\] Gewritu secga+d +t+at +d+at w+are +treo
+agero ond heo hyne halsode +turh god +t+at he +dam 
onfenge.
<R 2155>
[\SE27 A 10\] +Da onfeng he +dam.
[\SE27 A 10\] +Ta 
<P 222>
w+as bro+dor Cosmas for+dam swi+de
unrot, ond for+dam he bebead +t+at mon heora lichoman
+atsomne ne byrgde +at heora ende.
<R 2157>
[\SE27 A 13\] +Da on +d+are ilcan niht +atywde ure
dryht+an Cosme ond cw+a+d, Forhwon spr+ace +tu swa for 
+d+are gretinge +te Damianus onfeng?
<R 2159>
[\SE27 A 16\] Ne onfeng he +d+at na to medsceatte, ac
for+don +te he w+as +tur me gehalsod.
<R 2160>
[\SE27 A 17\] +Das gebro+dor ge+trowedon m+arne
martyrdom on Diaclitianus dagum +d+as caseres from Lissia
+tam gerefan.
<R 2162>
[\SE27 A 19\] Hy w+aron st+aned, ond +da stanas w+aron
on b+ac gecyrred ond wundedon +da +te +da halgan 
st+andon.
<R 2163>
[\SE27 A 21\] Hy w+aron mid str+alum
scotode, ac +da str+alas forcyrdon hy ond slogon +da h+a+dnan,
ac +durh beheafdunga hy onsendon heora gast to gode.
<R 2165>
[\SE27 A 24\] +Da +dohton +da men +ta +de heora
lichoman namon hw+a+der hy mon +atsomne byrgde, 
<P 223>
for+don +de Cosmas +t+at +ar forbead.
<R 2167>
[\SE27 A 26\] +Ta com +d+ar yrnan sum olbenda, ond se
cw+a+d mid menniscre stefne, Ne tod+ala+d ge +dara 
haligra lichoman, ac byrga+d hy +atsomne.
<R 2169>
[\SE27 A 29\] +Da dydon hy swa him +t+at dumbe neat
onwreah, ond +teah si+d+dan gelumpon heofonlico 
wundru +turh +dara haligra m+agen.
[} [\29 SEPTEMBER: THE CONSECRATION OF ST. MICHAEL'S 
CHURCH\] }]
<R 2172>
[\SE29 A 1\] On +done XXVIIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Michahelis cirican gehalgung in Tracla +t+are 
ceastre.
<R 2173>
[\SE29 A 3\] In Eracl+e +d+are m+ag+de feonda menigo com
to +t+are ceastre ond hy ymbs+aton.
<R 2175>
[\SE29 A 4\] +Ta ceasterware +turh +treora daga f+asten
anmodlice b+adon god [^THE WORD god TAKEN FROM MS C^] fultumes
ond b+adon +t+at he him +tone +atywde +turh sancte 
Michahel.
<R 2177>
[\SE29 A 7\] +Da +dy +triddan d+age stod 
<P 224>
sanctus Michahel ofer +d+are ceastre gete ond h+afde fyren 
sweord in his honda.
<R 2178>
[\SE29 A 9\] +Ta w+aron +da fynd abregede mid +ty
egesan, ond hy gewiton onweg, ond +ta ceasterwara 
wunedon gesunde.
<R 2180>
[\SE29 A 11\] Ond +t+ar w+as getimbred sancte Michaheles
cirice, ond seo w+as gehalgod on +done d+ag +te 
we m+arsia+d sancte Michaheles gemynd.
[} [\30 SEPTEMBER: ST. JEROME; THE END OF SEPTEMBER\] }]
<R 2183>
[\SE30 A 1\] On +done XXX d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
Hieronimis tid +t+as m+assepreostes ond +t+as +a+delan
leorneres.
<R 2184>
[\SE30 A 2\] Se w+as in Bethlem in +d+are Iudiscan
ceastre.
<R 2185>
[\SE30 A 3\] Be +dam saga+d sanctus Arculfus +t+at he
gesawe medmicle cirican butan Bethlem +t+are 
ceastre, in +d+are w+as geseted [^THE FOLLOWING TEN WORDS
ARE TAKEN FROM MS C^] Heremmis lychama myd stane oferworht,
and ofer +tam w+as geseted byrnende 
<P 225>
leohtf+at ge d+ages ge nihtes.
<R 2189>
[\SE30 A 9\] +Donne se mona bi+d 
geendud +de we nemna+d
haligmono+d, +tonne bi+d seo niht XII tida long, 
ond se d+ag bi+d +t+at ilce.
[} [\THE BEGINNING OF OCTOBER\] }]
<R 2191>
[\OC00 A 1\] On +dam teo+dan mon+de on geare bi+d XXXI
daga.
[\OC00 A 2\] +Tone mon nemne+d on leden (\Octember\) ond on
ure ge+deode winterfylle+d.
[} [\3 OCTOBER: THE TWO HEWALDS\] }]
<R 2193>
[\OC03 A 1\] On +tone [^MS DITTOGRAPHY +done +tone^] +driddan
d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+tara preosta +trowung +ta w+aron begen anes noman.
<R 2194>
[\OC03 A 2\] O+der w+as se blaca Heawold, o+der se
hwita Heawold.
<R 2195>
[\OC03 A 3\] +Da m+assepreostas ferdon of +disse
Brytene east ofer s+a 
<P 226>
to Frysum ond +da l+ardon
to godes geleafan ond +d+ar ge+drowodon martyrdom
for Criste, ond heofonlic leoht w+as gesewen ofer
heora lichoman.
<R 2198>
[\OC03 A 7\] Hyra wundor synt awriten on Angolcynnes
bocum, +d+at is on (\istoria Anglorum\) .
[} [\7 OCTOBER: POPE MARK\] }]
<R 2200>
[\OC07 A 1\] On +done VII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d +t+as
papan tid +t+as noma w+as sanctus Marcus.
<R 2201>
[\OC07 A 2\] Se w+as on [{Constantynus{] dagum +t+as
caseres, ond his lichoma w+as bebyrged ond is in +dam 
mynstre +te hy nemna+d +at Rome Balbino.
<P 227>
[} [\8 OCTOBER: ST. DIONYSIUS, RUSTICUS, ELEUTHERIUS\] }]
<R 2204>
[\OC08 A 1\] On +done VIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d +d+as
biscopes tid ond +t+as halgan martyres sancti Dionisi
ond his diacona twega +tara noman w+aron Rusticus ond
Eleutherius.
<R 2206>
[\OC08 A 4\] +Da w+aron in +d+are ceastre +de Parisius
is nemned.
<R 2207>
[\OC08 A 5\] +T+ar hy mon nydde +t+at hy deofulgyld
weor+dedon.
<R 2208>
[\OC08 A 6\] +Da hy +t+at ne ge+dafedon, +da w+aron for
Criste gemartyrod.
<R 2209>
[\OC08 A 7\] +Da woldon +da cwelleras sendan heora
lichoman on deopne stream, on +da ea +te hatte 
Secuana.
<R 2210>
[\OC08 A 9\] Ac +da sum cristen wif hy la+dode to
symble, ond hy +da hyre get+ahton +tara haligra 
lichoman, ond hio +da het hyre men on niht +ta lichoman 
forstelan ond bebyrgan on hyre +acere.
<R 2213>
[\OC08 A 13\] Ond se +acer +ta sy+d+dan gegreow C
si+da selor
+tonne he +ar dyde.
<R 2214>
[\OC08 A 14\] +T+ar 
<P 228>
+after +don cristene men timbredon
cirican, ond +d+ar blinde men onfengon heora 
gesyh+de ond healte heora gonge ond deafe gehyrnesse.
[} [\11 OCTOBER: ST. +ATHELBURH\] }]
<R 2217>
[\OC11 A 1\] On +done endlyftan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+t+are halgan abbodissan for+dfor ond +d+are +a+delan 
f+amnan +t+are noma w+as sancta +a+dylburh.
<R 2219>
[\OC11 A 2\] Sio gesta+delode +d+at f+amna mynster on
Brytene +t+at is nemned on Bercingum, ond on hyre 
dagum gelumpon heofonlicu wundro on +dam ilcan mynstre.
<R 2221>
[\OC11 A 7\] Ond sum halig f+amne geseah +t+are ilcan
+a+dylburge gast mid gyldenum racenteagum beon 
getogen to heofenum.
<R 2223>
[\OC11 A 9\] Hyre wundro ond hyre mynstres syndon
awriten on Angolcynnes bocum.
<P 229>
[} [\14 OCTOBER: POPE CALLISTUS I\] }]
<R 2225>
[\OC14 A 1\] [^MS HAS AN ABORTIVE START: On +done XIIII deg 
+tes mon+des bit^] On +done XIIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancti Calistis gemynd +t+as papan.
<R 2226>
[\OC14 A 2\] Se +trowode martyrdom for Criste on +d+as
caseres dagum se w+as nemned Macrini, ond he is 
bebyrged in +dam mynstre Calepode on +dam wege +te +at Rome
is nemned Aurelia.
<R 2228>
[\OC14 A 6\] +Tes papa gesette on Rome +treora
s+aternesdaga f+asten on geare, +anne for hw+ates 
genihtsumnesse, o+derne for wines, +triddan for eles.
[} [\15 OCTOBER: ST. LUPULUS\] }]
<R 2231>
[\OC15 A 1\] On +done XV d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d +t+as
martyres tid sancti Lupulii, +t+as m+asse bi+d gemeted on
+dam yldran m+assebocum.
<P 230>
[} [\18 OCTOBER: ST. LUKE\] }]
<R 2233>
[\OC18 A 1\] On +done XVIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Lucas geleornes +d+as godspelleres.
<R 2234>
[\OC18 A 2\] Se wrat +done +triddan d+al Cristes boca in
Achaia +d+are m+ag+de, ond he wrat +da maran boc 
(\actus apostolorum\) .
<R 2235>
[\OC18 A 5\] Lucas w+as acenned in Siria m+ag+de, ond
he w+as +aryst cr+aftig l+ace in
Antiochia +t+are ceastre, ond he w+as eft Paulus gefera
in +alce el+deodignesse, ond he w+as se cl+anosta wer.
<R 2238>
[\OC18 A 8\] N+as he h+abbende wif ne bearn.
<R 2239>
[\OC18 A 9\] He gefor +ta he w+as on LXXVII geara,
ond he w+as +aryst bebyrged in Bethania ac his ban
w+aron eft al+aded +tanon on Constantines dagum +t+as caseres
in +da ceastre Constantinopili.
<P 231>
[} [\18 OCTOBER: ST. TRYPHONIA\] }]
<R 2243>
[\OC18 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+are halgan
cwene gemynd sancta Trifonia.
<R 2244>
[\OC18 B 2\] Seo w+as Decies cwen +t+as caseres, ond heo
w+as +aryst h+a+den ond w+algrim.
<R 2245>
[\OC18 B 4\] Ac heo geseah hu Decius se casere wedde ond
hrymde d+ages ond nihtes, +ar +don he dead 
w+are.
<R 2246>
[\OC18 B 6\] +Ta gelyfde heo on god ond onfeng
fulwihte, ond sume d+age +d+ar heo hy geb+ad heo onsende
hyre gast to gode.
[} [\18 OCTOBER: ST. JUSTUS\] }]
<R 2249>
[\OC18 C 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+as halgan
cnihtes +trowung sancti Iusti, se w+as VIII wintre +ta he
martyrdom +trowode for Criste.
<R 2250>
[\OC18 C 3\] +Tone het beheafdian sum rice mon, se w+as
on naman Ritsoalis.
<R 2251>
[\OC18 C 5\] +Da woldon +ta cwelleras niman +t+at heafod 
<P 232>
ond l+adan to +dam rican men.
<R 2253>
[\OC18 C 6\] +Ta aras se lichoma ond genam +t+at heafod
him on ond seo tunge spr+ac of +dam heafde ond 
cw+a+d +tus, Heofones god ond eor+dan, onfoh mine sawle,
for+don ic w+as unsce+d+tende ond cl+anheort.
<R 2256>
[\OC18 C 10\] +Ta gemette hine +t+ar his f+ader ond his
f+adera swa beheafdodne.
[\OC18 C 11\] +Da cw+adon hy, Hw+at wille wit don be
+dissum lichoman?
<R 2257>
[\OC18 C 12\] +Da spr+ac seo tunge eft of +dam heafde
ond cw+a+d, Gonga+d on +dis stanscr+af +d+at her neah 
is, ond git +t+ar meta+d weal se is mid ifige bewrigen.
<R 2260>
[\OC18 C 16\] Bedelfa+d on +dam +tone lichoman ond
senda+d min heafod an to gretinge ond bringa+d minre 
meder +t+at heo +d+at cysse.
<R 2261>
[\OC18 C 18\] Ond gif heo me geseon wylle, +donne sece
heo me in godes neorxnawonge.
<R 2263>
[\OC18 C 20\] +Ta bedulfon hy +done lichoman +t+ar he
+ar bebead, ond brohton his heafod in +da ceastre seo 
<P 233>
hatte Alticiotrum to his meder, +t+are noma w+as Felici+a,
ond his f+ader noma w+as Iustinus.
<R 2265>
[\OC18 C 23\] +Ta on niht scan leoht ofer ealle +da
ceastre of +dam heafde.
<R 2266>
[\OC18 C 25\] +Da on mergen com se biscop +t+ader ond
+ta ceasterwara ealle mid leohtfatum ond mid 
candelum, ond b+aron +t+at heafod to cirican ond hit +d+ar
asetton.
<R 2269>
[\OC18 C 28\] Ond +d+ar georn XVI wintre m+aden to
+d+are b+are, seo w+as blind acenned, ond heo meahte 
sona geseon.
[} [\19 OCTOBER: ST. PELAGIA\] }]
<R 2271>
[\OC19 A 1\] On +done XVIIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancta Pilagian geleornes +t+are godes +teowenne.
<R 2272>
[\OC19 A 2\] Seo w+as +aryst (\mima\) in Antiochia +t+are
ceastre, +t+at is scericge on urum ge+deode.
<R 2273>
[\OC19 A 4\] Seo glengde hi swa +t+atte noht n+as on
hyre gesewen buton gold ond 
<P 234>
gimmas, ond eall hyre gyrela stanc swa +alces cynnes 
ricels.
<R 2275>
[\OC19 A 7\] +Ta gecyrde heo +ane into cirican +t+ar
Nonnus se biscop s+agde godspel be +dam toweardan 
godes lombe.
<R 2277>
[\OC19 A 9\] +Da weop heo sona swa +d+at hyre fleowon
+ta tearas of +dam eagum swa swa flod, ond +da +dy 
ilcan d+age gesohte heo +tone biscop ond cw+a+d to him, Ic eom
deofles +dinen.
<R 2280>
[\OC19 A 12\] Ic y+dgode mid synnum swa s+a mid y+dum.
[\OC19 A 13\] Ic w+as synna georn ond in dea+dlicum
listum.
<R 2281>
[\OC19 A 14\] Ic w+as beswicen ond ic beswac monige
+turh me.
<R 2282>
[\OC19 A 15\] Ac gefulla me +t+at mine synna syn
adilgode.
<R 2283>
[\OC19 A 16\] +Ta gefullode se biscop hy ond hyre
gesealde husl, ond +at +dam fulwihte hyre onfeng sum
godes +teow +t+are noma w+as Romana.
<R 2285>
[\OC19 A 19\] +T+as +da ymb twegen dagas, +t+ar heo slep
+at +d+are godmodor huse, +ta com hyre deofol to 
<P 235>
ond hy awehte ond cw+a+d to hyre, Min hl+afdige, gif +de w+as
gold to lytel o+d+de seolfor o+d+de deorwyr+dra
gimma o+d+de +anigra [{woruldwelena{] , ic +d+at sona gebete,
ac ne forl+at me.
<R 2289>
[\OC19 A 24\] +Da cw+a+d heo, Ic +de wi+dsace, for+don
ic eom nu in Cristes bure.
<R 2290>
[\OC19 A 26\] +Ta on +d+are eahto+dan nihte hyre
fulwihtes +ta gegyrede heo hy mid h+arenre tunecan ond 
mid byrnan
+t+at is mid lytelre hacelan, ond heo n+as na leng
+d+ar gesewen, ac heo gewat on Oliuetes 
dune ond hyre timbrede lytle cytan in +d+are stowe +te Crist
him geb+ad +ta he w+as mon on eor+dan.
<R 2294>
[\OC19 A 31\] +T+ar hio wunode +treo gear, +t+at n+anig
mon wiste hw+a+der hio w+as wer +de wif, +ar +don +de heo
for+dfered w+as.
<R 2296>
[\OC19 A 33\] +Da onfand se biscop on Hierusalem +t+ar
he hyre lichoman gyrede +t+at heo w+as wif.
<R 2297>
[\OC19 A 34\] +Da cw+a+d he, God, +te sy wuldor.
<R 2298>
[\OC19 A 36\] +Du hafast monigne haligne ofer eor+dan
ahyded.
<P 236>
[} [\21 OCTOBER: ST. HILARION\] }]
<R 2300>
[\OC21 A 1\] On +done XXI d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d +t+as
halgan f+ader geleornes sancti Hilariones.
<R 2301>
[\OC21 A 2\] Se w+as upcymen in Palistina m+ag+de in
+dam tune +de is nemned +Dabata, ond he w+as sona on
his cnihthade on gewritum gel+ared.
<R 2303>
[\OC21 A 5\] Ond he gewat in westen +ta he w+as XVI
wintr+a, ond +t+ar hyne dioflu costodon in mislicum 
hywum.
<R 2305>
[\OC21 A 7\] Hwilum hy him raredon on swa hry+dro,
hwilum hy him l+agon big swilce nacode wifmen, 
hwilum hy +ateowdon him swa swa +teotende wulf, hwilum swa
beorcende fox, ond he +d+at eall oferswi+dde
+turh Cristes miht ond dyde unrim heofonlicra wundra.
<R 2309>
[\OC21 A 12\] +Dara w+as sum +t+at sum geong mon b+ad
sume gode f+amnan unrihth+amedes.
<R 2310>
[\OC21 A 14\] +Ta heo +t+at ne ge+tafode, +da agrof se
mon on +arenum brede drycr+aft+as word ond bedealf under 
<P 237>
+tone +terscwold +t+as huses +t+ar seo f+amne ineode, 
ond +ta sona swa heo ineode, +ta w+as heo of 
hyre ryhtgewitte.
<R 2313>
[\OC21 A 18\] Ac heo cleopode to +dam geongan be his
naman.
<R 2314>
[\OC21 A 19\] +Ta gel+addon yldran hy to sancti
Hilarione.
[\OC21 A 20\] +Ta hrymde +d+at deoful in +d+are f+amnan
ond cw+a+d to him, +tu me nedest to utgonge, ond ic
ne m+ag, buton me se geonga l+ate se me under +dam
+terscwolde geband.
<R 2317>
[\OC21 A 23\] +Ta cw+a+d se godes wer to +dam deofle,
Tohwon eodest +du in +dis godes m+agden?
<R 2318>
[\OC21 A 25\] Forhwon noldest +du gongan in +done mon
+te +de in hy sende?
<R 2319>
[\OC21 A 26\] +Ta cw+a+d +d+at deoful, he h+afde
minne geferan in him, +d+at deofol +de
hyne l+arde +da uncl+anan lufan.
<R 2321>
[\OC21 A 28\] +Da gecl+ansode se godes wer +da f+amnan
for +don scindlacum.
<R 2322>
[\OC21 A 29\] +Da sanctus Hilarion w+as on LXXXm
wintrum, +ta he for+dferde.
<R 2323>
[\OC21 A 31\] Ond +ty d+age +te he geleorde he cw+a+d to
<P 238>
him sylfum, Gong ut, sawl, hw+at dr+adest +du +de?
<R 2325>
[\OC21 A 32\] Gong ut, hw+at tweost +du +de nu?
[\OC21 A 33\] Hundseofontig geara +tu +teowodest gode,
ond nu gyt +tone dea+d +te ondr+adest?
<R 2326>
[\OC21 A 35\] Ond +at +dissum worde he onsende his
gast, ond his lichoma is in Palestina m+ag+de in 
+d+are stowe +ta hatte Maiuma.
[} [\24 OCTOBER: ST. GENESIUS\] }]
<R 2329>
[\OC24 A 1\] On +done XXIIII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+d+as martyres tid +trowung sancti Genesi, +done mon 
acwealde, for+don +de he nolde deofulgild weor+dian.
<R 2331>
[\OC24 A 3\] +T+as gemynd is mycel on twam burgum on
twa healfa +t+as flodes +de hatte (\Rodanum\) , +t+at is on
ure ge+deode Rodena mere.
<R 2333>
[\OC24 A 6\] In o+dre birg is seo stow +te he mid his
blode gehalgode +ta hyne mon martyrode, in +d+are 
birg is his lichoma geseted.
<P 239>
[} [\24 OCTOBER: SIXTEEN SOLDIERS\] }]
<R 2335>
[\OC24 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d XVI cempena tid,
+da het Claudius se casere heafde beceorfan in 
+d+are [{ceastre{] Figligna, for+don +de hy fulwihte onfengon.
<R 2337>
[\OC24 B 4\] Ond hie w+aron bli+dran to +dam dea+de
+tonne hy her on h+a+dengilde lifden.
<R 2338>
[\OC24 B 5\] +Tara cempena IIII w+aron nemned
+tiosius ond Lucius ond Marcus ond Petrus.
[} [\26 OCTOBER: ST. CEDD\] }]
<R 2340>
[\OC26 A 1\] On +done XXVI d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
sancte Ceadweallan geleornes +t+as biscopes.
<R 2341>
[\OC26 A 2\] He w+as Ceaddan bro+dor, ond sum halig
mon geseah +t+at he l+adde Ceaddan sawle mid englum
to heofenum.
<R 2343>
[\OC26 A 5\] Ceadde w+as biscop in Eastseaxum, ond
hw+a+dere his lichoma reste+d be nor+dan gem+are in +dam
mynstre L+astinga ea, ond his d+ada w+aron awritene on
Angolcynnes bocum.
<P 240>
[} [\28 OCTOBER: ST. SIMON, THADDEUS\] }]
<R 2346>
[\OC28 A 1\] On +done XXVIII d+ag +t+as mon+des +tara
apostola tid Simonis ond Thaddeos.
<R 2347>
[\OC28 A 2\] Simonis w+as sancta Marian swystorsunu,
Cristes modrian sunu, seo w+as nemned on Cristes
bocum (\Maria [{Cleophe{]\) [^MS: cleopode^] .
<R 2349>
[\OC28 A 5\] +Tonne w+as Thaddeos o+der noma Iudas.
[\OC28 A 6\] +Das apostolas +after Cristes
upastigenesse gewiton on Persida m+ag+de ond bodedon Cristes
geleafan ond dydon unrim wundra on +d+as cyninges dagum se
w+as nemned Exerses.
<R 2352>
[\OC28 A 9\] +T+ar hy gedydon +d+at cild sprecende
+t+at ne w+as anre nihte eald.
<R 2353>
[\OC28 A 11\] Simones lichoma reste+d on +dam londe
Bosfore, ond Thaddeos lichoma in Armenia m+ag+de
in +d+are ceastre Nerita.
<P 241>
[} [\28 OCTOBER: ST. CYRILLA\] }]
<R 2356>
[\OC28 B 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d sancta Cyrillan
+trowung +t+are f+amnan.
<R 2357>
[\OC28 B 2\] Seo w+as Decies dohtor +t+as caseres,
[{ac{] Claudius se casere hy nydde +t+at heo deofolgild 
herede.
<R 2358>
[\OC28 B 4\] +Ta heo +don wi+dsoc, +da het he hy mid
sweorde ofstingan ond hyre lichoman weorpan 
hundum.
<R 2359>
[\OC28 B 6\] +Da Iustinus se m+assepreost genom +tone
lichoman on niht ond bebyrigde mid o+drum halgum
monnum.
[} [\31 OCTOBER: ST. QUENTIN; THE END OF OCTOBER\] }]
<R 2362>
[\OC31 A 1\] On +done XXXIan d+ag +t+as [{mon+des{] bi+d
sancti Quintines +drowung +t+as martyres.
<R 2363>
[\OC31 A 2\] Se com of Rome in Galwalas in +da ceastre
Ambeanis, +d+ar Riciouarus se gerefa mid miclum
witum hyne nydde to h+a+dengylde.
<R 2365>
[\OC31 A 5\] +Da he +d+at ne ge+dafode, +da het he 
<P 242>
hyne beheafdian.
<R 2366>
[\OC31 A 6\] [^THE FOLLOWING TWO WORDS ARE TAKEN FROM MS 
C^] +Ta sona fleah on +dam lichoman culfre swa hwit swa
snaw, ond seo fleah to heofenum.
<R 2367>
[\OC31 A 8\] +Da het se gerefa weorpan his lichoman in
+da ea +de Sumena is nemned, ond +t+at heafod 
+t+arto.
<R 2369>
[\OC31 A 10\] Ond +after LVm geara godes engel
get+ahte sumum geleaffullan wife, seo w+as nemned 
Eusebia, +da stowe hw+ar se
lichoma w+as.
<R 2371>
[\OC31 A 13\] Ond +da geb+ad heo hyre on +dam ofre.
[\OC31 A 13\] +Da ahleop se lichoma sona up of +dam
w+atere, ond +t+at heafod on o+dre stowe.
<R 2373>
[\OC31 A 15\] Ond se lichoma stanc ond +t+at heafod swa
swote swa rosan blostma ond lilian.
<R 2374>
[\OC31 A 17\] Ond +t+at wif heo +da arwyr+dlice
bebyrgde, ond ealle +da untruman men +ta +de +tyder comon 
to hy w+aron sona hale.
<R 2376>
[\OC31 A 20\] +Tonne se mona bi+d geendod +de we nemna+d
winterfylle+d, +tonne bi+d seo niht XIIII tida 
long, ond se d+ag tyna.
<P 243>
<R 2378>
[\NO00 A 1\] On +dam endlyftan mon+de on geare bi+d XXX
daga.
[\NO00 A 2\] Se mono+d is nemned on l+aden (\Nouembres\)
ond on ure ge+deode blodmona+d, for+don ure yldran,
+da hy h+a+denne w+aron on +dam mon+de hy bleoton a, +t+at
is +t+at hy bet+ahton ond ben+amdon hyra 
deofolgyldum +da neat +ta +de hy woldon syllan.
[} [\1 NOVEMBER: ALL SAINTS\] }]
<R 2382>
[\NO01 A 1\] On +done +arystan d+ag +t+as [{mon+des{]
bi+d ealra haligra tid.
[\NO01 A 2\] [{+Ta{] [{tyd{] +aryst gesette Bonefacius
se papa on Rome, myd+ty +te he on +done d+ag gehalgode
to cirican sancta Marian ond eallum Cristes martyrum +d+at
deofolgylda hus +t+at hy nemna+d Pantheon.
<R 2385>
[\NO01 A 6\] In +dam Romane guldon +da hy 
<P 244>
h+a+dene w+aron eallum heora deofolgyldum, ond si+d+dan hy 
cristene w+aron, hy +d+ar weor+dedon eallra haligra gemynd.
<R 2388>
[\NO01 A 9\] Ond se papa +da bebead +t+at +aghwylce
geare se d+ag in godes ciricum in cristenum folcum 
w+are on swylcre arwyr+dnesse swylce se +arysta d+ag in 
(\natale domini\) , +t+at is +arysta geohheld+ag.
[} [\1 NOVEMBER: ST. CAESARIUS\] }]
<R 2391>
[\NO01 B 1\] On +don ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+as diacones tid
sancti Cesari, se +drowode martyrdom on Aurelianus
dagum +t+as caseres.
<R 2393>
[\NO01 B 3\] +Done Leontinus se ealdormon het adrencan
in strongum streame for Cristes geleafan.
<R 2394>
[\NO01 B 5\] Ond +t+at w+as gewrecen on +done ilcan
d+ag.
<R 2395>
[\NO01 B 6\] Se ealdormon rad +turh sumne wudu.
[\NO01 B 6\] +Ta r+asde an n+addre of holum treowe +at
+dam healsetan him 
<P 245>
on +done bosm ond hyne toslat
+t+at he w+as sona dead.
[} [\1 NOVEMBER: ST. BENIGNUS\] }]
<R 2398>
[\NO01 C 1\] On +done ilcan d+ag bi+d +t+as
m+assepreostes +drowung sancti Benigni.
<R 2399>
[\NO01 C 2\] Se com from eastd+ale on Galwala m+ag+de
ond eardode in +dam tune +te hatte Spaniaca.
<R 2400>
[\NO01 C 4\] +Da het Aurelianus se casere hyne mid
witum +treatian from Cristes geleafan.
<R 2401>
[\NO01 C 5\] +Da he +t+at ne ge+tafode, +ta het he hyne
belucan in carcerne VI dagas ond VI niht ond XII
gehyngrede hundas mid him +t+at he w+are from +dam tobroden.
<R 2404>
[\NO01 C 9\] +Da w+aron him +da hundas milde for godes
egesan ond his na ne onhrinon.
<R 2405>
[\NO01 C 10\] +Da +dy VIan d+age het se casere him
forslean +tone sweoran.
<R 2406>
[\NO01 C 12\] +Da sona com fleogan of +dam carcerne
snawhwit 
<P 246>
culfre, ond seo fleah to heofenum.
<R 2407>
[\NO01 C 13\] Ond +d+ar com to +dam lichoman swy+de
wynsum stenc ond eac fyrhto mid.
<R 2408>
[\NO01 C 15\] Ond sum cristen wif on niht genam +done
lichoman ond hyne arwyr+dlice bebyrgde, ond +at
+dam w+aron si+d+dan oft heofonlico m+agen.
[} [\6 NOVEMBER: ST. WINNOC\] }]
<R 2411>
[\NO06 A 1\] On +done VI d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d +t+as
abbodes geleornes sancti [{Wunnoci{] [^THE WORD wynnoci HAS
THE LETTER v WRITTEN ABOVE y IN THE MS^] .
<R 2412>
[\NO06 A 2\] He w+as +d+as mynstres hlaford +de be su+dan
s+a is nemned Wurmhol, ond he w+as hw+a+dere [{swa{] 
[{ea+dmod{] +t+at he wolde wyrcan +aghwylc +dara weorca +te
+dam o+drum bro+drum w+as heard ond hefig.
<R 2415>
[\NO06 A 6\] Ond +atnehstan +ta he ealdode ond he ne
myhte ute wyrcan, +ta wolde he grindan mid his 
halgum hondum +tam bro+drum to mete Cristes +tam +tearfendum.
<R 2417>
[\NO06 A 9\] +Da sona +ta he +t+are cweorna 
<P 247>
neal+ahte ond +t+at corn +t+ar onl+agde +ta orn seo cweorn 
+durh godcunde miht, ond se abbod beleac +da duru ond 
stod be +d+are cweorna ond song his gebedu.
<R 2420>
[\NO06 A 13\] +Da +atnehstan w+as +d+ar swylc
genihtsumnes meluwes +d+at hy +d+at ealle wundredon
hwonon +t+at come.
<R 2422>
[\NO06 A 15\] +Da sume d+age an +dara bro+dra locode in
+d+at hus +turh an lytel +dyrel.
<R 2423>
[\NO06 A 16\] +Ta gestod seo cweorn sona, ond se mon
ablindode.
<R 2424>
[\NO06 A 18\] Ond hyne +da o+dre swi+de afyrhte +tanon
l+addon, ond he s+agde +tam bro+drum +t+as mynstres +d+at
wundor +t+at he +d+ar geseah.
<R 2426>
[\NO06 A 20\] Ond +da o+dre d+age onleat he wepende to
+d+as abbodes fotum ond him b+ad forgifnesse, ond 
+da gebletsode se abbod his eagan on dryhtnes naman, ond he
myhte sona geseon.
<P 248>
[} [\7 NOVEMBER: THE BEGINNING OF WINTER\] }]
<R 2429>
[\NO07 A 1\] On +done VII d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d wintres
[{fruma{] [^THE WORD fruma TAKEN FROM MS C^] .
[\NO07 A 2\] Se winter hafa+d tu ond hundnigontig daga,
ond +donne gonga+d +ta VII steorran up on +afen
ond on d+agered on setl.
[} [\8 NOVEMBER: THE FOUR CROWNED ONES\] }]
<R 2432>
[\NO08 A 1\] On +done eahto+dan d+ag +t+as mon+des bi+d
+dara martyra +trowung +te we nemna+d on gewritum 
(\quattuor coronatorum\) , +t+at is +tara gesigef+astan weras 
feower, +tara naman w+aron Claudius, Castorius, 
Simfonianus, Nicostratus.
<R 2435>
[\NO08 A 5\] +D+at w+aron IIII stancr+aftigan in
Rome.
<R 2436>
[\NO08 A 6\] +T+ar w+as samod VI hund cr+aftigena ond
XXII ond n+aron nane o+dre him gelice.
<R 2437>
[\NO08 A 8\] Hy gesenedon +alce morgen heora
iserngeloman, 
<P 249>
ond +donne n+aron hy na tobrocene, ac hy 
grofon +aghwylcne stan swa se casere ge+dohte.
<R 2439>
[\NO08 A 11\] +Da w+as +dara cr+aftigena on naman an
Simplicus.
<R 2440>
[\NO08 A 12\] +Da lyfde se goda ond fulwihte onfeng,
ond +da si+d+dan dyde he eall +d+at +da o+dre dydon.
<R 2441>
[\NO08 A 13\] +Ta sealde god +tissum V cr+aftegum maran
gyfa +tonne +dam o+drum.
<R 2442>
[\NO08 A 15\] +Da wregdon +da o+dre cr+aftigan hy to
+dam casere ond s+agdon him +t+at hy w+aron cristene, 
ond +t+at hy +turh drycr+aft dydon +da cr+aftlican weorc, for
+de hy +ta weorc senodon mid Cristes rodetacne.
<R 2445>
[\NO08 A 19\] +Ta yrsode se casere ond het hy cwice
belucan in leadenum cistum ond +da weorpan in 
flod.
<R 2447>
[\NO08 A 21\] Ond +da +after XLIIm daga
sum cristen mon ateah +da cista up mid +tam lichoman ond asette
in his hus, ond si+d+dan w+aron monegu wundru +durh +das
halgan weras geworden.



<B COAPOLLO>
<Q O3 NI FICT APOLL>
<N APOLLONIUS>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE OLD ENGLISH 'APOLLONIUS OF TYRE'.
ED. P. GOOLDEN.
LONDON: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1958.
PP. 2.1 - 42.31^]

[^B4.1^]
<P 2>
<R 1>
   Her onginne+d seo gerecednes be Antioche +tam unges+aligan
cingce and be [{Apollonige{] +tam [{tiriscan{] .
<R 1.1>
   An Antiochia +tare ceastre w+as sum cyningc Antiochus
gehaten: +after +t+as cyninges naman w+as seo [{ceaster{] 
Antiochia geciged.
<R 1.3>
+tises cyninges cwen wear+d of life gewiten, be +dare he
h+afde ane swi+de wlitige dohter ungelifedlicre 
f+agernesse.
<R 1.4>
Mid +ti +te heo becom to giftelicre yldo, +ta gyrnde hyre
m+anig m+are man micele m+ar+da beodende.
<R 1.6>
+da gelamp hit sarlicum gelimpe: +ta +da se f+ader +tohte
hwam he hi mihte healicost forgifan, +ta gefeol 
his agen mod on hyre lufe mid unrihtre gewilnunge, to +dam
swi+de +t+at he forgeat +ta f+aderlican arf+astnesse 
and gewilnode his agenre dohtor him to gem+accan.
<R 1.10>
and +ta gewilnunge naht lange ne ylde, ac sume d+age on
+arnemergen +ta he of sl+ape awoc, he abr+ac into 
+dam bure +tar heo inne l+ag and het his hyredmen ealle
him aweg gan, swilce he wi+d his dohtor sume 
digle sp+ace sprecan wolde.
<R 1.14>
Hw+at he +da on +dare manfullan scilde abisgode and +ta
ongeanwinnendan f+amnan mid micelre streng+de earfo+dlice 
ofercom, and +t+at gefremede man gewilnode to
bediglianne.
<R 2.1>
   +da gewear+d hit +t+at +t+as m+adenes fostormodor into +dam
bure eode and geseah hi +dar sittan on micelre
gedrefednesse and hire cw+a+d to: Hwig eart +tu, hl+afdige,
swa gedrefedes modes?
<R 2.4>
+t+at m+aden hyre andswerode: Leofe fostormodor, nu tod+ag
forwurdon [{twegen{] +a+dele naman on +tisum bure.
<R 2.5>
Seo fostormodor cw+a+d: Hl+afdige, be hwam cwist +tu +t+at?
<R 2.6>
Heo hyre andwirde and cw+a+d: +ar +dam d+age minra bridgifta
ic eom mid manfulre scilde besmiten.
<R 2.8>
+da cw+a+d seo fostormodor: Hwa 
<P 4>
w+as +afre swa dirstiges
modes +t+at dorste cynges dohtor gew+amman +ar +dam 
d+age hyre brydgifta and him ne ondrede +t+as cyninges
irre?
<R 2.11>
+d+at m+aden cw+a+d: Arleasnes +ta scilde on me gefremode.
<R 2.12>
Seo fostormodor cw+a+d: [^MISSING FROM TORONTO CORPUS: Hwi ne
segst +tu hit +tinum f+ader? +d+at m+aden cw+a+d:^] Hwar is 
se f+ader?
<R 2.13>
So+dlice on me earmre is mines f+ader nama reowlice forworden
and me nu for+dam dea+d +tearle gelica+d.
<R 2.14>
Seo fostormodor so+dlice +ta +da heo gehyrde +t+at +t+at
m+aden hire dea+des girnde, +da cliopode heo hi hire 
to mid li+dere spr+ace and b+ad +t+at heo fram +tare
gewilnunge hyre mod gew+ande and to hire f+ader willan 
gebuge, +teah +de heo to geneadod w+are.
<R 3.1>
   On +tisum +tingum so+dlice +turhwunode se arleasesta cyngc
Antiochus and mid gehywedan mode hine sylfne 
+atywde his ceastergewarum swilce he arf+ast f+ader w+are
his dohtor.
<R 3.3>
and betwux his hiwcu+dum mannum ne blissode on +dam +t+at he
his agenre dohtor wer w+as.
<R 3.5>
and to +dam +t+at he hi +te lengc brucan mihte his dohtor
arleasan bridbeddes and him fram adryfan +ta 
+de hyre girndon to rihtum gesynscipum, he asette +da r+adels
+tus cwe+dende: Swa hwilc man swa minne
r+adels riht ar+ade, onfo se mynre dohtor to wife, and se +de
hine misr+ade, sy he beheafdod.
<R 3.10>
Hw+at is nu mare ymbe +t+at to sprecanne buton +t+at cyningas
[{+aghwanon{] coman and ealdormen for +dam ungelifedlican 
wlite +t+as m+adenes, and +tone dea+d hi
oferhogodon and +tone r+adels understodon to ar+adenne.
<R 3.13>
Ac gif heora hwilc +tonne +turh asmeagunge boclicre
snotornesse +tone r+adels ariht r+adde, +tonne wear+d 
se to beheafdunge gel+ad swa same swa se +de hine ariht ne
r+adde.
<R 3.16>
And +ta heafda ealle wurdon gesette on ufeweardan +tam geate.
<R 4.1>
   Mid +ti so+dlice Antiochus se w+alreowa cyningc on +tysse
w+alreownesse +turhwunode, +da w+as [{Apollonius{]
gehaten sum iung man se w+as swi+de welig and snotor and
w+as ealdorman on Tiro +tare m+ag+de, se getruwode 
on his snotornesse and on +da 
<P 6>
boclican lare and agan
[{rowan{] o+d +t+at he becom to Antiochian.
<R 4.6>
Eode +ta into +dam cyninge and cw+a+d: [{Wes{] gesund,
cyningc.
<R 4.7>
Hw+at ic becom nu to +de swa swa to godum f+ader and
arf+astum.
<R 4.8>
Ic eom so+dlice of cynelicum cynne cumen and ic bidde +tinre
dohtor me to gem+accan.
<R 4.9>
+da +da se cyngc +t+at gehyrde +t+at he his willes gehyran
nolde, he swi+de irlicum andwlitan beseah to 
+dam iungan ealdormen and cw+a+d: +tu iunga mann, canst +du
+tone dom mynra dohtor gifta?
<R 4.12>
[{Apollonius{] cw+a+d: Ic can +tone dom and ic hine +at +tam
geate geseah.
<R 4.13>
+da cw+a+d se cyningc mid +abilignesse: Gehir nu +tone
r+adels, (\Scelere vereor, materna carne vescor\) ;
+t+at is on englisc: [{Scylde{] ic [{+tolige, moddrenum{]
fl+asce ic bruce.
<R 4.16>
Eft he cw+a+d: (\Quaero patrem meum, meae matris virum,
uxoris meae filiam nec invenio\) ; +t+at is on englisc: 
Ic sece minne f+ader, mynre modor wer, mines wifes
dohtor and ic ne finde.
<R 4.19>
[{Apollonius{] +ta so+dlice onfangenum r+adelse hine bew+ande
hwon fram +dam cyninge, and mid +ty +te he smeade 
ymbe +t+at ingehyd, he hit gewan mid wisdome and mid
Godes fultume he +t+at so+d ar+adde.
<R 4.22>
Bew+ande hine +ta to +dam cynincge and cw+a+d: +tu goda
cyningc, +tu asettest r+adels; gehyr +du +ta onfundennesse.
<R 4.24>
Ymbe +t+at +tu cw+ade +t+at +tu scilde +tolodest, ne eart +du
leogende on +dam, beseoh to +de silfum; and +t+at 
+tu cw+ade moddrenum fl+asce ic bruce, ne eart +du on +dam
leogende, beseoh to +tinre dohtor.
<R 5.1>
   Mid +ty +te se cyningc gehirde +t+at Apollonius +tone
r+adels swa rihte ar+adde, +ta ondred he +t+at hit to
widcu+d w+are.
<R 5.3>
Beseah +da mid irlicum andwlitan to him and cw+a+d: +du iunga
man, +tu eart feor fram rihte; +tu dwelast
and nis naht +t+at +tu segst; ac +tu h+afst beheafdunge
geearnad.
<R 5.5>
Nu l+ate ic +de to +trittigra daga f+ace +t+at +tu be+tence
+done r+adels ariht, and +du si+d+dan onfoh minre 
dohtor to wife, and gif +du +t+at ne dest +tu scealt oncnawan
+tone gesettan dom.
<R 5.8>
+da wear+d 
<P 8>
[{Apollonius{] swi+de gedrefed and mid his geferum
on scip astah and reow o+d +t+at he becom to
Tirum.
<R 6.1>
   So+dlice +after +tam [{+te{] Apollonius afaren w+as,
Antiochus se cyningc him to gecigde his dihtnere se 
w+as Thaliarcus gehaten: Thaliarce, ealre mynra digolnessa
myn se getrywesta +tegn, wite +tu +t+at Apollonius 
ariht ar+adde mynne r+adels.
<R 6.5>
Astih nu r+adlice on scip and far +after him, and +tonne +tu
him to becume, +tonne acwel +du hine mid isene 
o+d+de mid attre, +t+at +tu mage freodom onfon +tonne +tu
ongean cymst.
<R 6.7>
Thaliarcus sona swa he +t+at gehyrde, he genam mid him ge
feoh ge attor and on scip astah and for +after 
+tam unsc+a+d+dian Apollonie o+d +d+at he to his e+dle
becom.
<R 6.10>
Ac Apollonius +teahhw+a+dre +ar becom to his agenan and into
his huse eode and his bocciste untynde and 
asmeade +tone r+adels +after ealra u+dwitena and Chaldea
wisdome.
<R 6.13>
Mid +ti +te he naht elles ne onfunde buton +t+at he +ar
ge+tohte, he cw+a+d +ta to him silfum: Hw+at dest +tu
nu, Apolloni?
<R 6.15>
+d+as cynges r+adels +tu asmeadest and +tu his dohtor ne
onfenge; for+dam +tu eart nu fordemed +t+at +tu acweald 
wur+de.
<R 6.16>
And he +ta ut eode and het his scip mid hw+ate gehl+astan and
mid micclum gewihte goldes and seolfres 
and mid m+anifealdum and genihtsumum reafum, and swa mid
feawum +tam getrywestum mannum on scip astah 
on +dare +triddan tide +tare nihte and sloh ut on +da
s+a.
<R 7.1>
   +ta +dy +aftran d+age w+as Apollonius gesoht and geacsod, 
ac he ne w+as nahwar [{funden{] .
<R 7.2>
+dar wear+d +da micel morcnung and orm+ate wop, swa +t+at se
heaf swegde geond ealle +ta ceastre.
<R 7.4>
So+dlice swa micele lufe h+afde eal seo ceasterwaru to him,
+t+at hi lange tid eodon ealle unscorene and 
sidfeaxe and heora waforlican plegan forleton and heora
ba+da belucon.
<R 7.7>
+ta +da +tas +tingc +dus gedone w+aron on Tiron, +da becom se
fores+ada Thaliarcus, se w+as fram Antiocho +tam 
<P 10>
cynincge as+and to +dam +t+at he scolde Apollonium
acwellan.
<R 7.9>
+ta he geseah +t+at ealle +tas +tingc belocene w+aron, +ta
cw+a+d he to anum cnapan: Swa +du gesund sy, sege 
me for hwilcum intingum +teos ceaster wunige on swa micclum
heafe and wope.
<R 7.12>
Him andswerode se cnapa and +tus cw+a+d: Eala hu manful man
+tu eart, +du +te wast +t+at +tu +after axsast.
<R 7.14>
O+d+de hw+at is manna +te nyte +t+at +teos ceasterwaru on
heafe wuna+d, for+dam +de [{Apollonius{] se ealdorman
f+aringa nahwar ne +atywde si+d+dan he ongean com fram
[{Antiocho{] +tam cyninge?
<R 7.17>
+da +ta Thaliarcus +t+at gehyrde, he mid micclan gefean to
scipe gew+ande and mid gewisre seglunge binnon 
anum d+age com to Antiochian and eode into +tam cynge and
cw+a+d: Hlaford cyngc, glada nu and blissa, 
for+dam +te Apollonius him ondr+at +tines rices m+agna
swa +t+at he ne dear nahwar gewunian.
<R 7.22>
+da cw+a+d se cyningc: Fleon he m+ag, ac he +atfleon ne m+ag.
<R 7.23>
He +ta Antiochus se cyningc gesette +tis geban +tus
cwe+dende: Swa hwilc man swa me Apollonium lifigendne 
to gebring+d, ic him gife fifti punda goldes, and +tam
+de me his heafod to gebring+d, ic gife him 
c punda goldes.
<R 7.26>
+ta +da +tis geban +tus geset w+as, +ta w+aron mid gitsunge
beswicene na +t+at an his find ac eac swilce his 
frind, and him +after foran and hine geond ealle eor+dan
sohton ge on dunlandum ge on wudalandum 
ge on diglum stowum, ac he ne wear+d nahwar [{funden{] .
<R 8.1>
   +da het se cyngc scipa gegearcian and him +after faran, ac
hit w+as lang +ar +dam +te +da scipa gegearcode 
w+aron, and Apollonius becom +ar to Tharsum.
<R 8.3>
+da sume d+age eode he be strande.
<R 8.4>
+ta geseah hine sum his cu+dra manna se w+as Hellanicus
genemnod, se [{+te{] +arest +tider com.
<R 8.5>
+ta eode he to Apollonium and cw+a+d: [{Wes{] gesund, hlaford
Apolloni.
<R 8.6>
+da forseah he Apollonius cyrlisces mannes gretinge +after
ricra manna gewunan.
<P 12>
<R 8.8>
Hellanicus hine eft sona gegrette and cw+a+d: [{Wes{] gesund,
Apolloni, and ne forseoh +du cyrliscne man
+te bi+d mid wur+dfullum +teawum gefr+atwod.
<R 8.10>
Ac gehyr nu fram me +t+at +tu silfa nast.
<R 8.11>
+te is so+dlice micel +tearf +t+at +tu +de warnige, for+dam
+te +du eart fordemed.
<R 8.12>
+da cw+a+d Apollonius: Hwa mihte me fordeman, minre agenre
+teode ealdorman?
<R 8.13>
Hellanicus cw+a+d: Antiochus se cyngc.
<R 8.14>
Apollonius cw+a+d: For hwilcum intingum h+af+d he me
fordemed?
<R 8.15>
Hellanicus s+ade: For+dam +te +tu girndest +t+at +tu w+are
+t+at se f+ader is.
<R 8.16>
Apollonius cw+a+d: Micclum ic eom fordemed?
<R 8.17>
Hellanicus s+ade: Swa hwilc man swa +de lifigende to him
bring+d, onfo se fiftig punda goldes.
<R 8.18>
Se +de him bringe +tin heafod, onfo se hundteontig punda
goldes.
<R 8.19>
for+dam ic +de l+are +t+at +tu fleo and beorge +tinum life.
<R 8.20>
+after +tysum wordum Hellanicus fram him gew+ande and
[{Apollonius{] het hine eft to him geclipian and 
cw+a+d to him: +t+at wyrreste +tingc +tu didest +t+at +tu me
warnodest.
<R 8.23>
Nym nu her +at me hundteontig punda goldes, and far to
Antiocho +tam cynge and sege him +t+at me sy +t+at 
heafod fram +tam hneccan acorfen, and bring +t+at word
+tam cynge to blisse: +tonne hafast +tu mede and 
eac cl+ane handa fram +t+as unsc+a+d+tigan [{blode{] .
<R 8.27>
+da cw+a+d Hellanicus: Ne gewur+de +t+at, hlaford, +t+at ic
mede nime +at +de for +tisum +tingum, for+don +te mid 
godum mannum nis na+der ne gold ne seolfor wi+d godes
mannes freondscipe wi+dmeten.
<R 8.30>
Hi toeodon +ta mid +tisum wordum.
<R 9.1>
   And [{Apollonius{] sona gemette o+derne cu+dne man ongean
hine gan +t+as nama w+as Stranguilio gehaten.
<R 9.2>
Hlaford geong Apolloni, hw+at dest +du +tus gedrefedum mode
on +tisum lande?
<R 9.4>
Apollonius cw+a+d: Ic gehirde secgan +t+at ic w+are fordemed.
<R 9.5>
Stranguilio cw+a+d: Hwa fordemde +te?
Apollonius cw+a+d: 
<P 14>
Antiochus se cyngc.
<R 9.6>
Stranguilio cw+a+d: For hwilcum intingum?
<R 9.7>
Apollonius s+ade: For+dam +te ic b+ad his dohtor me to
gem+accan, be +tare ic m+ag to so+de secgan +t+at heo
his agen gem+acca w+are.
<R 9.9>
For+dam gif hit gewur+dan m+ag, ic wille me bedihlian on
eowrum e+dle.
<R 9.10>
+da cw+a+d Stranguilio: Hlaford Apolloni, ure ceaster is
+tearfende and ne m+ag +tine +a+delborennesse acuman, 
for+don +de we +tolia+d +tone heardestan hungor and
+tone re+destan, and minre ceasterwaru nis nan
h+alo hiht, ac se w+alreowesta [{dea+d{] stent +atforan urum
eagum.
<R 9.14>
+da cw+a+d Apollonius: Min se leofesta freond Stranguilio,
+tanca Gode +t+at He me fliman hider to eowrum 
gem+aran gel+adde.
<R 9.17>
Ic sille eowrum [{ceastergewarum{] hundteontig +tusenda
[{mittan{] hw+ates gif ge minne fleam bediglia+d.
<R 9.18>
Mid +ti +te Stranguilio +t+at gehirde, he hine astrehte to
his fotum and cw+a+d: Hlaford [{Apolloni{] , gif
+du +tissere [{hungrigan{] [{ceasterwaru{] gehelpest, na
+t+at an +t+at we willa+d +tinne fleam bediglian, ac eac 
swilce, [{gif{] +te neod gebira+d, we willa+d campian for
+dinre h+alo.
<R 10.1>
   +da astah Apollonius on +t+at domsetl on +dare str+ate and
cw+a+d to +dam andweardan ceasterwarum: Ge tharsysce 
ceasterwaran, ic Apollonius se tirisca ealdorman eow
cy+de +t+at ic gelife +t+at ge willan beon
gemindige +tissere fremfulnesse and minne fleam bediglian.
<R 10.5>
Wite [{ge{] eac +t+at Antiochus se cyngc me aflimed h+af+d of
minum earde, ac for eowre ges+al+de [{gefultumigendum{] 
Gode ic eom hider cumen.
<R 10.7>
Ic sille eow so+dlice hundteontig +tusenda mittan hw+ates to
+dam wur+de +te ic hit gebohte on minum lande.
<R 10.9>
+da +da +t+at folc +t+at gehirde, hi w+aron bli+de gewordene
and him georne +tancodon and to geflites +tone 
hw+ate up b+aron.
<R 10.11>
Hw+at +da Apollonius forlet his +tone wur+dfullan 
<P 16>
cynedom and
mangeres [{naman{] +tar genam ma +tonne gifendes, 
and +t+at wyr+d +te he mid +tam hw+ate genam he ageaf
sona agean to +dare ceastre bote.
<R 10.14>
+t+at folc wear+d +da swa fagen his cystignessa and swa
+tancful +t+at hig worhton him ane anlicnesse of
are.
<R 10.16>
and on +dare str+ate stod and mid +tare swi+dran hand +tone
hw+ate [{heold{] and mid +tam winstran fet +ta mittan 
tr+ad, and +taron +tus awriten: +das gifu sealde seo
ceasterwaru on Tharsum Apollonio +tam tiriscan, 
for+dam +te he [{+t+at{] folc of hungre alesde and heora
ceastre gesta+dolode.
<R 11.1>
   +after +tisum hit gelamp binnon feawum mon+dum +t+at
Stranguilio and Dionisiade his wif gel+ardon Apollonium 
+d+at he ferde on scipe to Pentapolim +tare ciriniscan
birig, and cw+adon +t+at he mihte +tar bediglad 
beon and +tar wunian.
<R 11.4>
And +t+at folc hine +ta mid unasecgendlicre wur+dmynte to
scipe gel+addon, and Apollonius hi b+ad ealle
[{gretan{] and on scip astah.
<R 11.6>
Mid +ti +te hig ongunnon +ta rowan and hi for+dwerd w+aron on
heora weg, +ta wear+d +dare s+a smiltnesse aw+and 
f+aringa betwux twam tidum and wear+d micel reownes
aweht, swa +t+at seo s+a cnyste +ta heofonlican
tungla and +t+at gewealc +tara y+da hwa+derode mid windum.
<R 11.11>
+tartoeacan coman eastnor+derne windas and se angrislica
su+dwesterna wind him ongean stod and +t+at scip 
eal tob+arst.
<R 12.1>
   On +dissere egeslican reownesse Apollonius geferan ealle
forwurdon to dea+de, and Apollonius ana becom 
mid sunde to [{Pentapolim{] +tam ciriniscan lande and
+tar up eode on +dam strande.
<R 12.4>
+ta stod he nacod on +tam strande and beheold +ta s+a and
cw+a+d: Eala +tu s+a Neptune, manna bereafigend 
and unsc+a+d+digra beswicend, +tu eart w+alreowra +tonne
Antiochus se cyngc.
<R 12.7>
For minum +tingum +tu geheolde +tas w+alreownesse +t+at ic
+turh +de [{gewurde{] w+adla and +tearfa, and +t+at se
[{w+alreowesta{] 
<P 18>
cyngc me +ty [{ea+d{] fordon mihte.
<R 12.9>
Hwider m+ag ic nu faran?
Hw+as m+ag ic biddan o+d+de hwa [{gif+d{] +tam uncu+dan lifes
fultum?
<R 12.10>
Mid +ti +te he +tas +tingc w+as sprecende to him silfum, +ta
f+aringa geseah he sumne fiscere gan.
<R 12.12>
to +tam he beseah and +tus sarlice cw+a+d: Gemiltsa me, +tu
ealda man, sy +t+at +tu sy; gemildsa me nacodum, 
forlidenum.
<R 12.14>
n+as na of earmlicum birdum geborenum.
<R 12.15>
and +d+as +de +du gearo forwite hwam +du gemiltsige, ic eom
Apollonius se tirisca ealdorman.
<R 12.16>
+da sona swa se fiscere geseah +t+at se iunga man +at his
fotum l+ag, he mid mildheortnesse hine up ahof 
and l+adde hine mid him to his huse and +da estas him
beforan legde +te he him to beodenne h+afde.
<R 12.19>
+ta git he wolde be his mihte maran [{arf+astnesse{] him
gecy+dan, toslat +ta his w+afels on twa and sealde 
Apollonige +tone healfan d+al +tus cwe+dende: Nim +t+at ic
+te to sillenne habbe and ga into +dare ceastre.
<R 12.22>
Wen is +t+at +tu gemete sumne [{+te{] +te gemiltsige.
<R 12.23>
Gif +du ne finde n+anne +te +te gemiltsian wille, w+and
+tonne hider ongean and genihtsumige unc bam mine 
litlan +ahta and far +de on fiscno+d mid me.
<R 12.26>
+teahhw+a+dre ic mynegie +te, gif +du fultumiendum [{Gode{]
becymst to +dinum +arran wur+dmynte, +t+at +tu ne forgite 
mine +tearfendlican gegirlan.
<R 12.28>
+da cw+a+d Apollinius: Gif ic +te ne ge+tence +tonne me bet
bi+d, ic wisce +t+at ic eft forlidennesse gefare 
and +tinne gelican eft ne gemete.
<R 13.1>
   +after +tisum wordum he eode on +done weg +te him get+aht
w+as o+d +d+at he becom to +tare ceastre geate and 
+dar in eode.
<R 13.3>
Mid +ti +te he +tohte hw+ane he byddan mihte lifes fultum,
+ta geseah he +anne nacodne cnapan geond +ta str+ate 
yrnan, se w+as mid ele gesmerod and mid scitan begird
and b+ar iungra manna plegan on handa to 
+dam b+a+dstede belimpende.
<R 13.6>
and cliopode micelre st+afne and cw+a+d: [{Gehyre{] ge
ceasterwaran, gehyre ge +al+deodige, frige and +teowe, 
+a+dele and un+a+dele, se b+a+dstede is 
<P 20>
open.
<R 13.9>
+da +da [{Apollonius{] +t+at gehirde he hine unscridde +tam
healfan scicilse +de he on h+afde and eode into 
+dam +tweale, and mid +ti +te he beheold heora anra gehwilcne
on heora weorce, he sohte his gelican, 
ac he ne mihte hine +tar findan on +dam flocce.
<R 13.13>
+da f+aringa com Arcestrates, ealre +tare +teode cyningc, mid
micelre m+anio his manna and in eode on +t+at 
b+a+d.
<R 13.14>
+da agan se cyngc plegan wi+d his geferan mid +to+dere, and
[{Apollonius{] hine gem+agnde swa swa God wolde 
on +d+as cyninges plegan and yrnende +tone +do+dor
gel+ahte, and mid swiftre r+adnesse geslegene ongean 
ges+ande to +dam plegendan cynge.
<R 13.18>
Eft he agean as+ande; he r+adlice sloh swa he hine n+afre
feallan ne let.
<R 13.19>
Se cyngc +da oncneow +t+as iungan snelnesse +t+at he wiste
+t+at he n+afde his gelican on +tam plegan, +ta 
cw+a+d he to his geferan: Ga+d eow heonon.
<R 13.22>
+tes cniht, +t+as +te me +ting+d, is min gelica.
+da +da Apollonius gehyrde +t+at se cyning hyne herede, he
[^TORONTO CORPUS: ne^] arn r+adlice and geneal+ahte to +dam 
cynge and mid gel+aredre handa he swang +tone top mid swa 
micelre swiftnesse +t+at se [{cyngc{] w+as ge+tuht swilce 
he of ylde to iugu+de gew+and w+are, and +after +tam on his
cynesetle he him gecwemlice +denode.
<R 13.27>
And +ta +da he ut eode of +dam b+a+de, he [^TORONTO CORPUS: 
ne^] hine l+adde be
+tare handa and him +ta si+d+dan +tanon gew+ande +t+as
weges +te he +ar com.
<R 14.1>
   +da cw+a+d se cyningc to his mannum si+d+dan Apollonius agan
w+as: Ic swerige +turh +da gem+anan h+alo +t+at 
ic me n+afre bet ne ba+dode +tonne ic dide tod+ag nat ic
+turh hwilces iunges mannes +tenunge.
<R 14.4>
+da beseah he hine to [{anum{] his manna and cw+a+d: Ga and
gewite hw+at se iunga man sy +te me tod+ag swa 
wel gehirsumode.
<R 14.6>
Se man +da eode +after Apollonio.
Mid +ti +te he geseah +t+at he w+as mid horhgum scicelse
bew+afed, +ta w+ande he ongean to +dam cynge and 
cw+a+d: Se iunga man +te +tu +after axsodest is forliden man.
<R 14.9>
+da cw+a+d se cyng: 
<P 22>
+turh hw+at wast +du +t+at?
<R 14.10>
Se man him andswerode and cw+a+d: +teah he hit silf forswige,
his gegirla hine geswutela+d.
<R 14.11>
+da cw+a+d se cyngc: Ga r+adlice and sege him +t+at se cyngc
bit +de +t+at +du cume to his gereorde.
<R 14.13>
+da Apollonius +t+at gehyrde, he +tam gehyrsumode and eode
for+d mid +tam men o+d +t+at he becom to +d+as cynges 
healle.
<R 14.15>
+da eode se man in beforan to +dam cynge and cw+a+d: Se
[{forlidena{] man is cumen +te +du +after s+andest, ac 
he ne m+ag for scame in gan buton scrude.
<R 14.17>
+da het se cyngc hine sona gescridan mid wur+dfullan scrude
and het hine in gan to +dam gereorde.
<R 14.19>
+da eode Apollonius in and ges+at +tar him get+aht w+as
ongean +done cyngc.
<R 14.20>
+dar wear+d +da seo +tenung in geboren and +after +tam
[{cynelic{] gebeorscipe and [{Apollonius{] nan +dingc ne
+at, +deah +de ealle o+dre men +aton and bli+de w+aron, ac
he beheold +t+at gold and +t+at seolfor and +da deorwur+dan 
reaf and +ta beodas and +ta cynelican +tenunga.
<R 14.24>
+da +da he +tis eal mid sarnesse beheold, +da s+at sum eald
and sum +afestig ealdorman be +tam cynge.
<R 14.26>
Mid +ti +te he geseah +t+at Apollonius swa sarlice s+at and
ealle +tingc beheold and nan +dingc ne +at, +da
cw+a+d he to +dam cynge: +du goda cyngc, efne +tes man +te
+tu swa wel wi+d gedest, he is swi+de +afestful
for +dinum gode.
<R 14.29>
+da cw+a+d se cyngc: +te mis+ting+d.
<R 14.30>
So+dlice +tes iunga man ne +afestiga+d on nanum +dingum +de
he her gesih+d, ac he cy+d +t+at [{he{] h+af+d fela forloren.
<R 14.31>
+da beseah Arcestrates se cyngc bli+dum andwlitan to
Apollonio and cw+a+d: +du iunga man, beo bli+de mid 
us and gehiht on God +t+at +tu mote silf to +dam selran
becuman.
<R 15.1>
   Mid +ti +de se cyning +tas word gecw+a+d, +da f+aringa +tar
eode in +d+as cynges iunge dohtor and cyste hyre 
f+ader and +da ymbsittendan.
<R 15.3>
+ta heo becom to Apollonio, +ta gew+ande heo ongean to hire
f+ader and cw+a+d: +du goda cyningc and min se 
leofesta f+ader, hw+at is +tes iunga man +te ongean +de on
swa wur+dlicum setle sit mid sarlicum andwlitan?
<R 15.6>
Nat ic hw+at he besorga+d.
<R 15.7>
+da cw+a+d se cyningc: [{Leofe{] dohtor, +tes iunga man is
<P 24>
forliden and he gecwemde me manna betst on +dam
plegan, for+dam ic hine gela+dode to +dysum urum
gebeorscipe.
<R 15.9>
Nat ic hw+at he is ne hwanon he is, ac gif +du wille witan
hw+at he sy, axsa hine, for+dam +te gedafena+d 
+t+at +tu wite.
<R 15.11>
+da eode +t+at m+aden to Apollonio and mid forwandigendre
spr+ace cw+a+d: +deah +du [{stille{] sy and unrot, +teah 
ic +tine +a+delborennesse on +de geseo.
<R 15.13>
Nu +tonne gif +de to hefig ne +tince, sege me +tinne naman
and +tin gelymp arece me.
<R 15.15>
+da cw+a+d Apollonius: Gif +du for neode axsast +after minum
[{naman{] , ic secge +te ic hine forleas on s+a.
<R 15.17>
Gif +du wilt mine +a+delborennesse witan, wite +du +t+at ic
hig forlet on Tharsum.
<R 15.18>
+d+at m+aden cw+a+d: Sege me gewislicor +t+at ic hit m+age
understandan.
<R 16.1>
   Apollonius +ta so+dlice hyre arehte ealle his gelymp and 
+at +tare spr+acan ende him feollon tearas of
+dam eagum.
<R 16.2>
Mid +ty +te se cyngc +t+at geseah, he bew+ande hine +da to
+dare dohtor and cw+a+d: [{Leofe{] dohtor, +tu gesingodest; 
mid +ty +te +tu woldest witan his naman and his
gelimp, +tu hafast nu geedniwod his ealde sar.
<R 16.6>
Ac ic bidde +te +t+at +tu gife him swa hw+at swa +du wille.
<R 16.7>
+da +da +t+at m+aden gehirde +t+at hire w+as alyfed fram hire
f+ader +t+at heo +ar hyre silf gedon wolde, +da cw+a+d 
heo to Apollonio: Apolloni, so+dlice +tu eart ure.
<R 16.9>
Forl+at +tine murcnunge and nu ic mines f+ader leafe habbe,
ic gedo +de weligne.
<R 16.10>
Apollonius hire +t+as +tancode, and se cyngc blissode on his
dohtor welwillendnesse and hyre to cw+a+d: 
[{Leofe{] dohtor, hat feccan +tine hearpan and gecig +de to
[{+tine{] frynd and afirsa fram +tam iungan his 
sarnesse.
<R 16.14>
+da eode heo ut and het feccan hire hearpan, and sona swa heo
[{hearpian{] ongan, heo mid winsumum sange 
gem+agnde +tare hearpan sweg.
<R 16.16>
+da ongunnon ealle +ta men hi herian on hyre swegcr+aft and
Apollonius ana swigode.
<R 16.17>
+da cw+a+d se cyningc: Apolloni, nu +du dest yfele, for+dam
+te ealle men heria+d mine dohtor on hyre swegcr+afte 
and +tu ana hi 
<P 26>
swigende t+alst.
<R 16.20>
Apollonius cw+a+d: Eala +du goda cyngc, gif +du me gelifst,
ic secge +t+at ic ongite +t+at so+dlice +tin dohtor 
gefeol on swegcr+aft, ac heo n+af+d hine na wel
geleornod.
<R 16.22>
Ac hat me nu sillan +ta hearpan; +tonne wast +tu +t+at +tu nu
git nast.
<R 16.23>
Arcestrates se cyning cw+a+d: Apolloni, ic oncnawe so+dlice
+t+at +tu eart on eallum +tingum wel gel+ared.
<R 16.25>
+da het se cyng sillan Apollonige +ta hearpan.
<R 16.26>
Apollonius +ta ut eode and hine scridde and sette +anne
cynehelm uppon his heafod and nam +ta hearpan
on his hand and in eode and swa stod, +t+at se cyngc and
ealle +ta ymbsittendan wendon +t+at he n+are 
Apollonius ac +t+at he w+are Apollines +dara h+a+denra God.
<R 16.30>
+da wear+d stilnes and swige geworden innon +dare healle.
<R 16.31>
And Apollonius his hearpen+agl genam and he +ta
hearpestrengas mid cr+afte astirian ongan and +tare hearpan 
sweg mid winsumum sange gem+agnde.
<R 16.33>
And se cyngc silf and ealle +te +tar andwearde w+aron micelre
st+afne cliopodon and hine heredon.
<R 16.35>
+after +tisum forlet Apollonius +ta hearpan and [{plegode{]
and fela f+agera +tinga +tar for+d teah, +te +tam 
folce [{ungecnawen{] w+as and ungewunelic, and heom eallum
+tearle licode +alc +tara +tinga +de he for+d teah.
<R 17.1>
   So+dlice mid +ty +te +t+as cynges dohtor geseah +t+at
Apollonius on eallum godum cr+aftum swa wel w+as getogen, 
+ta gefeol hyre mod on his lufe.
<R 17.3>
+da +after +t+as beorscipes geendunge cw+a+d +t+at m+aden to
+dam cynge: Leofa f+ader, +tu lyfdest me litle +ar 
+t+at ic moste gifan Apollonio swa hw+at swa ic wolde of
+tinum goldhorde.
<R 17.6>
Arcestrates se cyng cw+a+d to hyre: Gif him swa hw+at swa +du
wille.
<R 17.7>
Heo +da [{swi+de{] bli+de ut eode and cw+a+d: Lareow
Apolloni, ic gife +te be mines f+ader leafe twa hund punda 
goldes and feower hund punda gewihte seolfres and +tone
m+astan d+al deorwur+dan reafes and twentig 
+deowa manna.
<R 17.11>
And heo +ta +tus cw+a+d to +dam +teowum mannum: 
<P 28>
Bera+d +tas
+tingc mid eow +te ic behet Apollonio minum lareowe 
and lecga+d innon bure beforan minum freondum.
<R 17.13>
+tis wear+d +ta +tus gedon +after +tare cwene h+ase, and
ealle +ta men hire gife heredon +de hig gesawon.
<R 17.15>
+da so+dlice geendode +te gebeorscipe, and +ta men ealle
arison and gretton +tone cyngc and +da cwene and 
b+adon hig gesunde beon and ham gew+andon.
<R 17.17>
Eac swilce Apollonius cw+a+d: +du goda cyngc and earmra
gemiltsigend, and +tu cwen, lare lufigend, beon 
ge gesunde.
<R 17.19>
He beseah eac to +dam +teowum mannum +te +t+at m+aden him
forgifen h+afde and heom cw+a+d to: Nima+d +tas +ting 
mid eow +te me seo cwen forgeaf and gan we secan ure
gesthus +t+at we magon us gerestan.
<R 17.22>
+da adred +t+at m+aden +t+at heo n+afre eft Apollonium ne
gesawe swa ra+de swa heo wolde, and eode +ta to 
hire f+ader and cw+a+d: +du goda cyningc, lica+d +de wel
+t+at Apollonius +te +turh us tod+ag gegodod is +tus
heonon fare, and cuman yfele men and bereafian hine?
<R 17.27>
Se cyngc cw+a+d: Wel +tu cw+ade.
Hat him findan hwar he hine m+age wur+dlicost gerestan.
<R 17.28>
+da dide +t+at m+aden swa hyre beboden w+as, and Apollonius
onfeng +tare wununge +de hym get+aht w+as and 
+dar in eode Gode +tancigende +de him ne forwyrnde cynelices
wur+dscipes and frofres.
<R 18.1>
   Ac +t+at m+aden h+afde unstille niht, mid +tare lufe on+aled
+tara worda and sanga +te heo gehyrde +at Apollonige, 
and na leng heo ne gebad +donne hit d+ag w+as, ac
eode sona swa hit leoht w+as and ges+at beforan 
hire f+ader bedde.
<R 18.4>
+da cw+a+d se cyngc: [{Leofe{] dohtor, for hwi eart +du +tus
+arwacol?
<R 18.5>
+d+at m+aden cw+a+d: Me awehton +ta gecnerdnessan +te ic
girstand+ag gehyrde.
<R 18.7>
Nu bidde ic +de for+dam +t+at +tu bef+aste me urum cuman
Apollonige to lare.
<R 18.8>
+da wear+d se cyningc +tearle geblissod and het feccan
Apollonium and him to cw+a+d: Min dohtor 
<P 30>
girn+d 
+t+at heo mote leornian +at +de +da ges+aligan lare +de +tu
canst.
<R 18.11>
and gif +du wilt +tisum +tingum gehyrsum beon, ic swerige +de
+turh mines rices m+agna +t+at swa hw+at swa 
+du on s+a forlure ic +de +t+at on lande gesta+delige.
<R 18.13>
+da +da Apollonius +t+at gehyrde, he onfengc +tam m+adenne to
lare and hire t+ahte swa wel swa he silf geleornode.
<R 19.1>
   Hyt gelamp +da +after +tisum binnon feawum tidum +t+at
Arcestrates se cyngc heold Apollonius hand on handa 
and eodon swa ut on +dare ceastre str+ate.
<R 19.3>
+ta +at nyhstan comon +dar gan ongean hy +try gel+arede weras
and +a+telborene, +ta lange +ar girndon +t+as 
cyninges dohtor.
<R 19.5>
Hi +da ealle +try tog+adere anre st+afne gretton +tone cyngc.
<R 19.6>
+da smercode se cyng and heom to beseah and +tus cw+a+d:
Hw+at is +t+at +t+at ge me anre st+afne gretton?
<R 19.8>
+da andswerode heora an and cw+a+d: We b+adon gefirn +tynre
dohtor and +tu us oftr+adlice mid elcunge gesw+anctest.
<R 19.10>
For+dam we comon hider tod+ag +tus tog+adere.
We syndon +tyne ceastergewaran of +a+delum gebyrdum geborene.
<R 19.12>
Nu bidde we +te +t+at +tu geceose +te +anne of us +trym
hwilcne +tu wille +te to a+dume habban.
<R 19.13>
+da cw+a+d se cyngc: Nabbe ge na godne timan aredodne.
<R 19.14>
Min dohtor is nu swi+de bisy ymbe hyre leornunga, ac +te l+as
+te ic eow a leng sl+ace, awrita+d eowre naman 
on gewrite and hire morgengife; +tonne as+ande ic +ta
gewrita minre dohtor +t+at heo sylf geceose
hwilcne eowerne heo wille.
<R 19.18>
+da didon +da cnihtas swa and se cyngc nam +da gewrita and
geinseglode hi mid his ringe and sealde Apollonio 
+tus cwe+dende: Nim nu, lareow Apolloni, swa hit +te
ne mislicyge, and bryng +tinum l+arincgm+adene.
<R 20.1>
   +da nam Apollonius +ta gewrita and eode to +dare cynelican
healle.
<R 20.2>
Mid +tam +te +t+at m+aden geseah Apollonium, +ta cw+a+d heo:
Lareow, hwi g+ast +du ana?
<R 20.3>
Apollonius cw+a+d: Hl+afdige, n+as git yfel wif, nim +das
gewrita +de +tin f+ader +te s+ande and r+ad.
<R 20.5>
+d+at m+aden nam and r+adde +tara +treora cnihta naman, ac heo
<P 32>
ne funde na +tone naman +tar on +te heo wolde.
<R 20.6>
+da heo +ta gewrita oferr+ad h+afde, +da beseah heo to
Apollonio and cw+a+d: Lareow, ne of+ting+d hit +de gif 
ic +tus wer geceose?
<R 20.8>
Apollonius cw+a+d: Na, ac ic blissige swi+dor +d+at +tu miht
+durh +da lare, +te +tu +at me underfenge, +te silf 
on gewrite gecy+dan hwilcne heora +tu wille.
<R 20.11>
Min willa is +t+at +tu +de wer geceose +tar +du silf wille.
+t+at m+aden cw+a+d: Eala lareow, gif +du me lufodest, +tu
hit besorgodest.
<R 20.13>
+after +tisum wordum heo mid modes anr+adnesse awrat o+der
gewrit and +t+at geinseglode and sealde Apollonio.
<R 20.14>
Apollonius hit +ta ut b+ar on +da str+ate and sealde +tam
cynge.
<R 20.15>
+d+at gewrit w+as +tus gewriten: +tu goda cyngc and min se
leofesta f+ader, nu +tin mildheortnesse me leafe 
sealde +t+at ic silf moste ceosan hwilcne wer ic wolde,
ic secge +de to so+dan +tone forlidenan man 
ic wille.
<R 20.19>
and gif +du wundrige +t+at swa scamf+ast f+amne swa
unforwandigendlice +das word awrat, +tonne wite +tu +t+at 
ic h+abbe +turh weax aboden, +de nane scame ne can, +t+at
ic silf +de for scame secgan ne mihte.
<R 21.1>
   +da +da se cyningc h+afde +t+at gewrit oferr+ad, +ta niste 
he hwilcne forlidene heo nemde.
<R 21.2>
beseah +da to +dam +trim cnihtum and cw+a+d: Hwilc eower is
forliden?
<R 21.3>
+da cw+a+d heora an se hatte Ardalius: Ic eom forliden.
<R 21.4>
Se o+der him andwirde and cw+a+d: Swiga +du; adl +te fornime
+t+at +du ne beo hal ne gesund.
<R 21.6>
Mid me +tu boccr+aft leornodest and +du n+afre buton +tare
ceastre geate fram me ne come.
<R 21.7>
Hwar gefore +du forlidennesse?
<R 21.8>
Mid +di +te se cyngc ne mihte findan hwilc heora forliden
w+are, he beseah to Apollonio and cw+a+d: Nim
+du, Apolloni, +tis gewrit and r+ad hit.
<R 21.10>
Ea+de m+ag gewur+dan +t+at +tu wite +t+at ic nat, +du +de
+tar andweard w+are.
<R 21.11>
+da nam Apollonius +t+at gewrit and r+adde and sona swa he
ongeat +t+at he gelufod w+as fram +dam m+adene,
his andwlita eal areodode.
<R 21.13>
+da se cyngc +t+at geseah, +ta nam he Apollonies hand and
hine hwon fram +tam cnihtum gew+ande and cw+a+d: 
Wast +tu +tone forlidenan man?
<R 21.15>
Apollonius 
<P 34>
cw+a+d: +du goda cyning, gif +tin willa bi+d, ic
hine wat.
<R 21.16>
+da geseah se cyngc +t+at Apollonius mid rosan rude w+as eal
oferbr+aded, +ta ongeat he +tone cwyde and 
+tus cw+a+d to him: [{Blissa{] , blissa, Apolloni, for +dam 
+te min dohtor gewilna+d +t+as +de min willa is.
<R 21.20>
Ne m+ag so+dlice on +tillicon +tingon nan +tinc gewur+dan
buton Godes willan.
<R 21.21>
Arcestrates beseah to +dam +trym cnihtum and cw+a+d: So+d is
+t+at ic eow +ar s+ade +t+at ge ne comon on gedafenlicre 
tide mynre dohtor to biddanne, ac +tonne heo m+ag
hi fram hyre lare ge+amtigan, +tonne s+ande
ic eow word.
<R 21.25>
+da gew+andon hie ham mid +tissere andsware.
<R 22.1>
   And Arcestrates se cyngc heold for +don Apollonius hand and
hine l+adde ham mid him, na swilce he cuma 
w+are ac swilce he his a+dum w+are.
<R 22.3>
+da +at nyxstan forlet se cyng Apollonius hand and eode ana
into +dam bure +tar his dohtor inne w+as and 
+tus cw+a+d: Leofe dohtor, hw+ane hafast +tu +de gecoren
to gem+accan?
<R 22.6>
+d+at m+aden +ta feol to hyre f+ader fotum and cw+a+d: +du
arf+asta f+ader, gehyr +tinre dohtor willan.
<R 22.7>
Ic lufige +tone forlidenan man +de w+as +turh ungelymp
beswicen, ac +ti l+as +te +te tweonige +tare spr+ace, 
Apollonium ic wille, minne lareow, and gif +tu me him ne
silst, +tu forl+atst +dine dohtor.
<R 22.10>
Se cyng +da so+dlice ne mihte ar+afnian his dohtor tearas, ac
ar+arde hi up and hire to cw+a+d: Leofe dohtor, 
ne ondr+at +tu +de +aniges +tinges.
<R 22.13>
+tu hafast gecoren +tone wer +te me wel lica+d.
Eode +da ut and beseah to Apollonio and cw+a+d: Lareow
Apolloni, ic smeade minre dohtor modes willan.
<R 22.15>
+da arehte heo me mid wope betweox o+dre spr+ace +tas +tingc
+tus cwe+dende: +tu geswore Apollonio, gif he 
wolde gehirsumian minum willan on lare, +t+at +tu woldest
him geinnian swa hw+at swa seo s+a him +atbr+ad.
<R 22.19>
Nu for +dam +te he gehyrsum w+as +tinre h+ase and minum
willan, ic for +after him.
<P 36>
<R 48.1>
   +da w+as hyre gecyd, +te +dar ealdor w+as, +t+at +tar w+are
cumen sum cyngc mid his a+dume and mid his dohtor 
mid micclum gifum.
<R 48.3>
Mid +tam +te heo +t+at gehirde, heo hi silfe mid cynelicum
reafe gefr+atwode and mid purpran gescridde 
and hire heafod mid golde and mid gimmon gegl+angde and mid
micclum f+amnena heape ymbtrimed com togeanes 
+tam cynge.
<R 48.7>
Heo w+as so+dlice +tearle wlitig, and for +dare micclan lufe
+tare cl+annesse hi s+adon ealle +t+at +tar n+are 
nan Dianan swa gecweme swa heo.
<R 48.9>
Mid +tam +te Apollonius +t+at geseah, he mid his a+dume and
mid his dohtor to hyre urnon and feollon ealle 
to hire fotum, and [{wendon{] +t+at heo Diana w+are seo
giden for [{hyre{] micclan beorhtnesse and wlite.
<R 48.12>
+t+at haliern wear+d +da geopenod and +ta lac w+aron in
gebrohte and Apollonius ongan +da sprecan and cwe+dan: 
Ic fram cildhade w+as Apollonius genemnod, on Tirum
geboren.
<R 48.15>
Mid +tam +te ic becom to fullon andgite, +ta n+as nan cr+aft,
+de w+are fram cynegum began o+d+de fram +a+delum 
mannum, [{+te{] ic nu cu+de.
<R 48.17>
Ic ar+adde Antiochus r+adels +t+as cynges to +ton +t+at ic
his dohtor underfenge me to gem+accan.
<R 48.19>
Ac he silfa w+as mid +tam fulestan horwe +tar to ge+teod and
me +ta sirwde to ofsleanne.
<R 48.20>
Mid +tam +te ic +t+at forfleah, +ta wear+d ic on s+a forliden
and com to Cyrenense.
<R 48.21>
+da underfengc me Arcestrates se cyngc mid swa micelre lufe
+t+at ic +at nyhstan geearnode +t+at he geaf 
me his [{anc+annedan{] dohtor to gem+accan.
<R 48.24>
Seo for +da mid me to onfonne minon cynerice and +tas mine
dohtor, +te ic beforan +de, Diana, [{geandweardod{] 
h+abbe, ac+ande on s+a and hire gast alet.
<R 48.26>
Ic +ta hi mid cynelican reafe gescridde and mid golde and
gewrite on ciste alegde +t+at se +te hi funde 
hi wur+dlice bebirigde, and +tas mine dohtor bef+aste +tam
manfullestan mannan to fedanne.
<R 48.29>
For me +ta to 
<P 38>
Egipta lande feowertene gear on heofe.
<R 48.30>
+da ic ongean com, +ta s+adon hi me +t+at min dohtor w+are
for+dfaren, and me w+as min sar eal geedniwod.
<R 49.1>
   Mid +tam +te he +das +tingc eal areht h+afde, Arcestrate
so+dlice, his wif, up aras and hine ymbclypte.
<R 49.2>
+da niste na Apollonius ne ne gelifde +t+at heo his gem+acca
w+are, ac sceaf hi fram him.
<R 49.4>
Heo +da micelre st+afne clipode and cw+a+d mid wope: Ic eom
Arcestrate, +tin gem+acca, Arcestrates dohtor 
+t+as cynges, and +tu eart Apollonius, min lareow, +te me
l+ardest; +tu eart se forlidena man +de ic lufode 
na for galnesse ac for wisdome.
<R 49.7>
Hwar is min dohtor?
<R 49.8>
He bew+ande hine +ta to Thasian and cw+a+d: +tis heo is.
<R 49.9>
And hig weopon +da ealle and eac blissodon, and +t+at word
sprang geond eal +t+at land +t+at Apollonius, 
se m+ara cyngc, h+afde [{funden{] his wif, and +tar wear+d
orm+ate blis, and +ta organa w+aron getogene and 
+ta biman geblawene, and +tar wear+d bli+de gebeorscipe
gegearwod betwux +tam cynge and +tam folce.
<R 49.14>
And heo gesette hyre gingran +te hire folgode to sacerde, and
mid blisse and heofe ealre +tare m+ag+de
on Efesum heo for mid hire were and mid hire a+dume and mid
hire dohtor to Antiochian, +tar Apollonio 
w+as +t+at cynerice gehealden.
<R 50.1>
   For +da si+d+dan to Tirum and gesette +tar Athenagoras, his
a+dum, to cynge.
<R 50.2>
For +da so+dlice +tanon to Tharsum mid his wife and mid his
dohtor and mid cynelicre firde, and het sona 
gel+accan Stranguilionem and Dionisiadem and l+adan
beforan him, +tar he s+at on his +trimsetle.
<R 50.5>
+da +da hi gebrohte w+aron, +ta cw+a+d he beforan ealre +tare
gegaderunge: Ge tharsysce ceastergewaran, 
cwe+de ge +t+at ic Apollonius eow dide +afre +anigne 
<P 40>
un+tang?
<R 50.8>
Hi +da ealle anre st+afne cw+adon: We s+adon +afre +t+at +tu
ure cyng and f+ader w+are and for +de we woldon 
lustlice swiltan, for +dam +te +tu us alysdest of hungre.
<R 50.10>
Apollonius +ta cw+a+d: Ic bef+aste mine dohtor Stranguilionem
and Dionisiade and hi noldon me +ta agifan.
<R 50.12>
+d+at yfele wif cw+a+d: N+as +t+at wel, hlaford, +t+at +tu
silf ar+addest +ta stafas ofer hire birgene?
<R 50.14>
+da clipode Apollonius swi+de hlude and cw+a+d: Leofe dohtor
Thasia, gif +anig andgit sy on helle, l+at 
+tu +t+at cwicsuslene hus and gehir +du +dines f+ader
st+afne.
<R 50.16>
+d+at m+aden +da for+d eode mid cynelicum reafe ymbscrid and
unwreah hire heafod and cw+a+d hlude to +tam
yfelan wife: Dionisia, hal wes +tu.
<R 50.18>
Ic grete +te nu of helle geciged.
<R 50.19>
+d+at forscildgode wif +ta eallum limon abifode, +ta +da heo
hire on locode, and seo ceastergewaru wundrode 
and blissode.
<R 50.21>
+da het Thasia beforan gel+adan Theophilum, Dionisiades
gerefan, and him to cw+a+d: Theophile, to +ton
+t+at +tu +de gebeorge, sege hluddre st+afne hwa +de hete me
ofslean.
<R 50.24>
Se gerefa cw+a+d: Dionisia min hl+afdige.
Hw+at, seo burhwaru +ta gel+ahton Stranguilionem and his wif
and l+addon [{buton{] +da ceastre and ofst+andon 
hi to dea+de, and woldon eac Theophilum ofslean, ac
Thasia him +tingode and cw+a+d: Buton +tes man
me +tone first forgeafe +t+at ic me to Gode geb+ade, +tonne
ne become ic to +tissere are.
<R 50.29>
Heo r+ahte +ta so+dlice hire handa him to and het hine gesund
faran, and Philothemian, +tare forscildgodan 
dohtor, Thasia nam to hyre.
<R 51.1>
   Apollonius +ta so+dlice forgeaf +tam folce micele gifa to
blisse, and heora weallas wurdon geedsta+delode.
<R 51.2>
He wunode +ta +tar six mon+das and for si+d+dan on scipe to
[{Pentapolim{] , +tare cireniscan birig, and com 
to Arcestrates +tam cynge, and se cyng blissode on his ylde
+t+at he geseah his nefan mid hire were.
<R 51.6>
Hi wunodon tog+adere an gear fullice and se cyning si+d+dan,
<P 42>
Arcestrates, fulfremedre ylde for+dferde 
betwux him eallum and becw+a+d healf his rice Apollonio,
healf his dohtor.
<R 51.9>
   +disum eallum +dus gedonum eode Apollonius, se m+ara cyngc,
wi+d +da s+a.
<R 51.10>
+ta geseah he +tone ealdan fiscere +te hine +ar nacodne
underfengc.
<R 51.11>
+ta het se cyngc hine f+arlice gel+accan and to +dare
cynelican healle gel+adan.
<R 51.12>
+da +da se fiscere +t+at geseah +t+at hine +ta c+ampan woldon
niman, +ta wende he +arest +t+at hine man scolde 
ofslean.
<R 51.14>
Ac mid +tam +te he com into +d+as cynges healle, +ta het se
cyningc hine l+adan toforan +tare cwene and 
+tus cw+a+d: Eala +tu eadige cwen, +tis is min tacenbora, +te
me nacodne underfenc and me get+ahte +t+at ic
to +te becom.
<R 51.17>
+da beseah Apollonius se cyng to +dam fiscere and cw+a+d:
Eala welwillenda ealda, ic eom Apollonius se 
tirisca, +tam +tu sealdest healfne +tinne w+afels.
<R 51.20>
Him geaf +da se cyngc twa hund gildenra p+anega and h+afde
hine to geferan +ta hwile +te he lifede.
<R 51.21>
Hellanicus eac +ta to him com, se him +ar cydde hw+at
Antiochus cync be him gedemed h+afde, and he cw+a+d 
to +tam cynge: Hlaford cyng, gemun Hellanicus, +tinne
+teow.
<R 51.24>
+da genam hine Apollonius be +tare hand and ar+arde hine up
and hine cyste and hine weligne gedide and 
sette hine him to geferan.
<R 51.27>
   +after eallum +tisum Apollonius se cyngc sunu gestrynde be
his gem+accan, +tone he sette to cynge on Arcestrates 
cynerice his ealdef+ader.
<R 51.29>
And he sylfa welwillendlice lifede mid his gem+accan seofon
and hundseofonti geara and heold +t+at cynerice 
on Antiochia and on Tyrum and on Cirenense, and he
leofode on stilnesse and on blisse ealle 
+ta tid his lifes +after his earfo+dnesse.
<R 51.33>
And twa bec he silf gesette be his fare and ane asette on +dam
temple Diane, o+dre on [{bibliotheca{] .
<R 51.35>
   Her enda+d ge wea ge wela Apollonius +t+as tiriscan, 
r+ade se +te wille.
<R 51.36>
And gif hi hwa r+ade, ic bidde +t+at he +tas aw+andednesse ne
t+ale, ac +t+at he hele swa hw+at swa +tar on 
sy to tale.



<B COOTEST>
<Q O3 XX OLDT AELFOLD>
<N OLD TEST AELFRIC>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE OLD TESTAMENT.
THE OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF THE HEPTATEUCH.
AELFRIC'S TREATISE ON THE OLD AND NEW
TESTAMENT AND HIS PREFACE TO GENESIS.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 160.
ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.
LONDON, 1969 (1922).
GENESIS I.1     - III.24      (SAMPLE 1)
GENESIS VI.1    - IX.29       (SAMPLE 2)
GENESIS XII.1   - XIV.20      (SAMPLE 3)
GENESIS XXII.1  - XXII.19     (SAMPLE 4)
NUMBERS XIII.1  - XIV.45      (SAMPLE 5)
NUMBERS XVI.1   - XVII.11     (SAMPLE 6)
NUMBERS XVIII.1 - XXXI.18     (SAMPLE 7)
JOSHUA  II.1    - VII.26      (SAMPLE 8)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B8.1.4.1^]
<P I,1>
<R 1.1>
ON angynne gesceop God heofonan & eor+dan.
<R 1.2>
Se eor+de so+dlice w+as idel & +amti, & +teostra w+aron ofer
+d+are nywelnysse bradnysse; & Godes gast w+as 
geferod ofer w+ateru.
<R 1.3>
God cw+a+d +da: Gewur+de leoht, & leoht w+aar+d geworht.
<R 1.4>
God geseah +da +d+at hit god w+as, & he tod+alde [{+t+at{]
leoht fram +dam +dystrum.
<R 1.5>
& het +d+at leoht d+ag & +ta +dystru niht: +da w+as geworden
+afen & merigen an d+ag.
<R 1.6>
God cw+a+d +da eft: Gewur+de nu f+astnys tomiddes +dam
w+aterum & totw+ame +da w+ateru fram +dam w+aterum.
<R 1.7>
& God geworhte +da f+astnysse, & totw+amde +da w+ateru, +da
w+aron under +d+are f+astnysse, fram +dam +de w+aron 
bufan +d+are f+astnysse: hit w+as +da swa gedon.
<R 1.8>
& God het +da f+astnysse heofonan, & w+as +da geworden +afen
& mergen o+der d+ag.
<R 1.9>
God +da so+dlice cw+a+d: Beon gegaderode +da w+ateru +de synd
under +d+are heofonan & +ateowige drignys; Hit 
w+as +da swa gedon.
<R 1.10>
& God gecygde +da drignysse eor+dan & +d+ara w+atera
gegaderunga he het s+a. God geseah +da +d+at hit god 
w+as.
<R 1.11>
& he cw+a+d: Sprytte seo eor+de growende g+ars & s+ad
wyrcende & +appelb+are treow w+astm wyrcende +after
his cynne, +d+as s+ad sy on him syluum ofer eor+dan; Hit w+as
+da swa gedon.
<R 1.12>
& seo eor+de for+dteah growende wyrta & s+ad berende be hyre
cynne & treow w+astm wyrcende & gehwilc
s+ad h+abbende +after his hiwe; God geseah +da +d+at hit god
w+as.
<R 1.13>
& w+as geworden +afen & mergen se +dridda d+ag.
<R 1.14>
God cw+a+d +da so+dlice: Beo nu leoht on +d+are heofenan
f+astnysse, & tod+alan d+ag & nihte, & beon to tacnum 
& to tidum & to dagum & to gearum.
<R 1.15>
& hi scinon on +d+are heofenan f+astnysse & alihton +da
eor+dan; Hit w+as +da swa geworden.
<R 1.16>
& God geworhte twa micele leoht, +t+at mare leoht to +d+as
d+ages lihtinge, & +d+at l+asse leoht to +d+are
nihte lihtinge, & steorran he geworhte.
<R 1.17>
& gesette hi on +d+are heofenan, +d+at hi scinon ofer
eor+dan.
<R 1.18>
& gymdon +d+as d+ages & +d+are nihte & to d+aldon leoht &
+dystro; God geseah +da +t+at hit god w+as.
<R 1.19>
& w+as geworden +afen & mergen se feor+da d+ag.
<P I,20>
<R 1.20>
God cw+a+d eac swylce: Teon nu +da w+ateru for+d swymmende
cynn cucu on life & fleogende cynn ofer 
eor+dan under +t+are heofonan f+astnysse.
<R 1.21>
& God gesceop +da +da miclan hwalas & eal lybbende fisccyn &
styrigendlice, +de +da w+ateru tugon for+d
on heora hiwum, & eall fleogende cyn +after heora cynne; God
geseah +da +d+at hit god w+as.
<R 1.22>
& bletsode hi, +dus cwe+dende: Weaxa+d & beo+d gem+anifylde,
& gefylla+d +d+are s+a w+ateru, & +da fugelas 
beon gem+anifylde ofer eor+dan.
<R 1.23>
& +da w+as geworden +afen & merigen se fifta d+ag.
<R 1.24>
God cw+a+d eac swilce: L+ade seo eor+de for+d cuce nytena on
heora cynne & creopende cyn & deor +after
heora hiwum; Hit w+as +da swa gedon.
<R 1.25>
& God +da geworhte +d+are eor+dan deor +after heora hiwum &
+da nytenu & eall creopende cynn on heora 
cynne; God geseah +da +d+at hit god w+as.
<R 1.26>
& cw+a+d: Vton wyrcan man to anlicnysse & to ure gelicnysse,
& he sy ofer +da fixas & ofer +da 
fugelas & ofer +da deor & ofer ealle gesceafta & ofer ealle
creopende, +de styria+d on eor+dan.
<R 1.27>
God gesceop +da man to his anlicnysse, to Godes anlicnysse
he gesceop hine; werhades & wifhades he
gesceop hi.
<R 1.28>
& God hi bletsode, & cw+a+d: Weaxa+d & beo+d gemenifylde &
gefylla+d +da eor+dan & gewylda+d hi, & habba+d
on eowrum gewealde +d+are s+a fixas & +d+are lyfte fugelas &
ealle nytenu, +de styria+d ofer eor+dan.
<R 1.29>
God cw+a+d +da: Efne ic forgyfe eow eall g+ars & wyrta s+ad
berende ofer eor+dan & ealle treowa, +da +de
habba+d s+ad on him sylfum heora agenes cynnes, +d+at hi beon
eow to mete.
<R 1.30>
& eallum nytenum & eallum fugelcynne & eallum +dam +de
styria+d on eor+dan, on +dam +de is libbende 
lif, +d+at hi habbon him to gereordigenne; Hit w+as +da swa
gedon.
<R 1.31>
& God geseah ealle +da +dingc +de he geworhte & hi w+aron
swy+de gode; W+as +da geworden +afen & merien 
se sixta d+ag.
<P II,1>
<R 2.1>
EORNOSTLICE +da w+aron fulfremode heofonas & eor+de & eall
heora fr+atewung.
<R 2.2>
& God +da gefylde on +done seofo+dan d+ag his weorc +de he
worhte. & he gereste hine on +done seofo+dan d+ag fram eallum 
+dam weorcum +de he gefremode.
<R 2.3>
& God gebletsode +done seofo+dan d+ag & hine gehalgode, for
+dan +de he on +done d+ag geswac his 
weorces, +de he gesceop to wyrcenne.
<R 2.4>
+das synd +d+ara heofenan & +d+ara eor+dan cneornysse, +da
+da hi gesceapene w+aron on +dam d+age +de God 
geworhte heofonan & eor+dan.
<R 2.5>
& +alcne telgor on eor+dan, +ar +dan +de he up asprunge on
eor+dan, & eall g+ars & wyrta ealles eardes,
+ar +dan +de hi up asprytton; God so+dlice ne sende n+anne
ren ofer eor+dan +da gyt: & mann n+as, +de +da 
eor+dan worhte.
<R 2.6>
Ac an wyl asprang of +d+are eor+dan w+aterigende ealle +d+are
eor+dan bradnysse.
<R 2.7>
God gesceop eornostlice man of +d+are eor+dan lame, & on
ableow on his ansyne lifes or+dunge, & se 
man w+as geworht on libbendre sawle.
<R 2.8>
God +da aplantode wynsumne orcerd fram frym+de, on +dam he
gelogode +tone man +de he geworhte.
<R 2.9>
God +da for+d ateah of +d+are moldan +alces cynnes treow,
f+ager on gesyh+de & to brucenne wynsum, eac 
swylce lifes treow on middan neorxnawange and treow ingehydes
godes & yfeles.
<R 2.10>
& +d+at flod eode of stowe to stowe +d+are wynsumnysse to
w+aterigenne neorxnawang; +d+at flod is +danon
tod+aled on feower ean.
<R 2.11>
An ea of +dam hatte Fison; seo g+a+d onbutan +d+at land +de
is gehaten Euila+d, +d+ar +d+ar gold wyx+d.
<R 2.12>
& +d+as landes gold is golda selost; +d+ar beo+d eac gemette
+da gimstanas dellium & honynchinus.
<R 2.13>
+d+are o+dre ea nama is Gion; seo is eac gehaten Nilus: seo
ymbg+a+d eall +d+ara Silhearwena land.
<R 2.14>
+t+are +driddan ea nama is Tygris; seo g+a+d ongean +da
Assyriscan; Seo feor+de ea is gehaten Eufrates.
<R 2.15>
God genam +da +done man & gelogode hine on neorxnawange,
+d+at he +d+ar wyrcean sceolde & [{+d+as{] begyman.
<R 2.16>
& bebead him, +dus cwe+dende: Of +alcum treowe +dises
orcerdes +du most etan.
<R 2.17>
So+dlice of +dam treowe ingehydes godes & yfeles ne et +du;
on swa hwylcum d+age swa +du etst of +dam 
treowe, +du scealt dea+de sweltan.
<R 2.18>
God cw+a+d eac swylce: Nis na god +disum men ana to
wunigenne; uton wyrcean him sumne fultum to his
gelicnysse.
<R 2.19>
God so+dlice gel+adde +da nytenu, +de he of eor+dan gesceop,
& +d+are lyfte fugelas to Adame, +d+at he 
foresceawode hu he hi gecygde; So+dlice +alc libbende nyten, 
swa swa Adam hit gecygde, swa is his nama.
<P II,20>
<R 2.20>
& Adam +da genamode ealle nytenu heora naman, & ealle fugelas
& ealle wildeor; Adam so+dlice ne 
gemette +da gyt nanne fultume his gelican.
<R 2.21>
+da sende God sl+ap on Adam, & +da +da he slep, +da genam he
an rib of his sidan, & gefylde mid fl+asce
+d+ar +d+at rib w+as.
<R 2.22>
& geworhte +d+at rib, +de he genam of Adame, to anum wifmen
& gel+adde hi to Adame.
<R 2.23>
Adam +da cw+a+d: +dis is nu ban of minum banum & fl+asc of
minum fl+asce; beo heo geciged f+amne, for 
+dan +de heo is of hyre were genumen.
<R 2.24>
For +dan forl+at se man f+ader & modor, & ge+deot hine to his
wife, & hi beo+d buta on anum fl+asce.
<R 2.25>
Hi w+aron +da buta, Adam & his wif, nacode & him +d+as ne
sceamode.
<P III,1>
<R 3.1>
EAC swylce seo n+addre w+as geapre +donne ealle +da o+dre
nytenu +de God geworhte ofer eor+dan; & seo 
n+addre cw+a+d to +dam wife: Hwi forbead God eow +d+at ge ne
+aton of +alcon treowe binnan Paradisum?
<R 3.2>
+t+at wif andwyrde: Of +d+ara treowa w+astme +de synd on
Paradisum we eta+d.
<R 3.3>
& of +d+as treowes w+astme +te is on middan neorxnawange,
God bebead us, +d+at we ne +aton, ne we +d+at
treow ne [{hrepodon{] +di l+as +de we swelton.
<R 3.4>
+da cw+a+d seo n+adre eft to +dam wife: Ne beo ge nateshwon
deade, +deah +de ge of +dam treowe eton.
<R 3.5>
Ac God wat so+dlice +d+at eowre eagan beo+d geopenode on swa
hwylcum d+age swa ge eta+d of +dam treowe,
& ge beo+d +donne englum gelice, witende +ag+der ge god ge
yfel.
<R 3.6>
+da geseah +d+at wif +d+at +d+at treow w+as god to etenne, be
+dam +de hyre +duhte, & wlitig on eagum & 
lustb+are on gesyh+de, & genam +da of +d+as treowes w+astme &
ge+at & sealde hyre were: he +at +da.
<R 3.7>
& heora begra eagan wurdon geopenode; hi oncneowon +da +d+at
hi nacode w+aron, & sywodon him ficleaf,
& worhton him w+adbrec.
<R 3.8>
Eft +da +da God com, & hi gehyrdon his stemne +d+ar he eode
on neorxnawange ofer midne d+ag, +da 
behydde Adam hine, & his wif eac swa dyde, fram Godes 
gesih+de on middan +dam treowe neorxnanwonges.
<R 3.9>
God clypode +da Adam, & cw+a+d: Adam, hw+ar eart +du.
<R 3.10>
He cw+a+d: +dine stemne ic gehire, leof, on neorxnawange, &
ic ondr+ade me, for +dam +de ic eom nacod,
& ic behyde me.
<R 3.11>
God cw+a+d: Hwa s+ade +de +d+at +du nacod w+are, gyf +du ne
+ate of +dam treowe +de ic +de bebead +d+at +du ne 
+ate.
<R 3.12>
Adam cw+a+d: +d+at wif +de +du me forgeafe to geferan, sealde
me of +dam treowe, & ic +att.
<R 3.13>
God cw+a+d to +dam wife: Hwi dydestu +d+at; heo cw+a+d: Seo
n+adre bep+ahte me & ic +att.
<R 3.14>
God cw+a+d to +d+are n+addran: For +dan +de +du +dis dydest,
+du bist awyrged betweox eallum nytenum & 
wildeorum: +du g+ast on +dinum breoste & etst +da eor+dan 
eallum dagum +dines lifes.
<R 3.15>
Ic sette feondr+adene betwux +de & +dam wife & +dinum
ofspringe & hire ofspringe; heo tobrytt +din 
heafod & +du syrwst ongean hire ho.
<R 3.16>
To +dam wife cw+a+d God eac swylce: Ic gem+anifylde +dine
yrm+da & +dine geeacnunga; on sarnysse +du 
acenst cild, & +du bist under weres anwealde & he gewylt +de.
<R 3.17>
To Adame he cw+a+d: For +dan +de +du gehyrdes +dines wifes
stemne, & +du +ate of +dam treowe +de ic +de 
bebead +d+at +du ne +ate, is seo eor+de awyrged on +dinum 
weorce: on geswyncum +du etst of +d+are eor+dan 
eallum dagum +dines lifes.
<R 3.18>
+dornas & bremelas heo aspryt +de, & +du ytst +d+are eor+dan
wyrta.
<R 3.19>
On swate +dines andwlitan +du brycst +dines hlafes, o+d +d+at
+du gewende to eor+dan of +d+are +de +du 
genumen w+are, for +dan +de +du eart dust & to duste gewyrst.
<P III,20>
<R 3.20>
+da gesceop Adam naman his wife, Eua, +d+at is lif, for +dan
+de heo is ealra libbendra modor.
<R 3.21>
God worhte eac Adame & his wife fellene reaf & gescrydde hi.
<R 3.22>
& cw+a+d: Nu Adam can yfel & god, swa swa ure sum, +de l+as
he astrecce his hand & nime eac swylce of
lifes treowe & ete & libbe on ecnysse.
<R 3.23>
Adr+afde hine +da of neorxnawange, +d+at he +da eor+dan
worhte & him +d+aron tilode, of +d+are +de he 
genumen w+as.
<R 3.24>
+da +da he adr+afed w+as of neorxnawanges myrh+de, +da
gesette God +at +dam inf+are engla hyrdr+adene & 
fyren swurd to gehealdenne +done weg to +dam lifes treowe.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P VI,1>
<R 6.1>
MEN wurdon +da gemenigfylde ofer eor+dan & dohtra gestryndon.
<R 6.2>
+da gesawon Godes bearn, +d+at w+aron gode men, manna dohtra
+d+at hi w+aron wlitige, & namon him wif of
eallum +dam +de hi gecuron.
<R 6.3>
& God cw+a+d +da: Ne +durhwuna+d na min gast on men on
ecnysse, for +dan +de he is fl+asc.
<R 6.4>
Entas w+aron eac swylce ofer eor+dan on +dam dagum, +after
+dan +de Godes bearn tymdon wi+d manna dohtra
& hi cendon: +da synd mihtige fram worulde & hlisfulle
weras.
<R 6.5>
+da geseah God +d+at micel yfelnys manna w+as ofer eor+dan, &
eal ge+danc manna heortena w+as awend on 
yfel on eallum timan.
<R 6.6>
Gode of+duhte +da +d+at he mann geworhte ofer eor+dan: he
wolde +da warnian on +ar & w+as gehrepod mid 
heortan sarnysse wi+dinnan.
<R 6.7>
& cw+a+d: Ic adylgie +done man, +de ic gesceop, fram +d+are
eor+dan ansyne, fram +dam men o+d +da nytenu, 
fram +dam slincendum o+d +da fugelas: me of+ding+d so+dlice
+d+at ic hi worhte.
<R 6.8>
Noe so+dlice w+as Gode gecweme, & gyfe +atforan him gemette.
<R 6.9>
+das synd Noes cneornyssa: Noe w+as rihtwis wer & fulfremed
on his m+ag+dum; mid Gode he ferde.
<R 6.10>
& gestrynde +dry suna Sem & Cham & Iaphet.
<R 6.11>
+da w+as eall seo eor+de gewemmed +atforan Gode & afylled
mid unrihtwisnysse.
<R 6.12>
+da geseah God +d+at seo eor+de w+as gewemmed, for +dan +de
+alc fl+asc gewemde his weg ofer eor+dan.
<R 6.13>
& God cw+a+d +da to Noe: Geendung ealles fl+asces com
+atforan me; seo eor+de is afylled mid 
unrihtwisnysse fram heora ansyne, & ic fordo hi mid +d+are 
eor+dan samod.
<R 6.14>
Wyrc +de nu ane arc of aheawenum bordum & +du wyrcst wununga
binnan +dam arce & cl+amst wi+dinnan & 
wi+dutan mid tyrwan.
<R 6.15>
& +du wyrcst hine +dus: +dreohund f+a+dma bi+d se arc on
lenge, & fiftig f+a+dma on br+ade, & +dritig on 
heahnysse.
<R 6.16>
+du wyrcst +d+aron eg+dyrl & +du tihst his heahnysse
tog+adere on ufeweardum to anre f+a+dme; duru +du 
setst be +d+are sidan wi+dneo+dan, & +du macast +dreo fleringa
binnan +dam arce.
<R 6.17>
Efne ic gebringe flodes w+ateru ofer eor+dan, +d+at ic ofslea
eall fl+asc on +dam +de is lifes gast under
heofonum: ealle +da +ding +de on eor+dan synd beo+d
fornumene.
<R 6.18>
Ic sette min wedd to +de, & +du g+ast in to +dam arce, &
+dine suna, & +din wif & +dinra suna wif mid 
+de.
<R 6.19>
& of eallum nytenum ealles fl+asces twegen gemacan +du l+atst
in to +dam arce mid +de, +d+at hi libban 
magon.
<P VI,20>
<R 6.20>
Eac of fugelum be heora cynne, & of eallum orfcynne, & of
eallum creopendum cynne twam & twam 
faran in mid +de, +d+at hi magon libban.
<R 6.21>
+du nimst witodlice of eallum mettum, +de to mete magon, in
to +de, +d+at hi beon +ag+der ge +de ge him 
to bigleofan.
<R 6.22>
Noe so+dlice dyde ealle +da +ding, +de him God bebead.
<P VII,1>
<R 7.1>
AND God cw+a+d to him: Gang in to +dam arce & eal +din
hiwr+aden, +de ic geseah so+dlice rihtwisne 
+atforan me on +tisre m+ag+de.
<R 7.2>
Nim in to +de of eallum cl+anum nytenum seofan & seofan
+ag+dres gecyndes & of uncl+anum twam & twam.
<R 7.3>
& of fugelcynne seofan & seofan +ag+dres gecyndes, & s+ad si
gehealden ofer ealre eor+dan bradnysse.
<R 7.4>
Ic so+dlice sende ren nu embe seofan niht ofer eor+dan
feowertig daga & feowertig nihta tog+adere &
ic adylegie ealle +da edwiste, +de ic worhte ofer eor+dan
bradnysse.
<R 7.5>
Noe +da dyde ealle +da +dingc +de him God bebead.
<R 7.6>
& he w+as +da sixhund geara on ylde, +da +da +d+as flodes
w+ateru y+dedon ofer eor+dan.
<R 7.7>
Hw+at +da Noe eode in to +dam arce, & his +dry suna & his
wif & his [{suna{] wif, for +d+as flodes 
w+aterum.
<R 7.8>
Eac swylce +da nytenu of eallum cynne & eallum fugolcynne.
<R 7.9>
comon to Noe in to +dam arce, swa swa God bebead.
<R 7.10>
+ta on +dam eahto+dan d+age, +da +da hi inne w+aron & God hi
belocen h+afde wi+dutan, +da y+dode +d+at flod 
ofer eor+dan.
<R 7.11>
On +dam o+drum mon+de, on +done seofonteo+dan d+ag +d+as
mon+des, +da asprungon ealle wyllspringas +d+are 
miclan nywelnysse & +t+are heofenan w+ater+deotan w+aron
geopenode.
<R 7.12>
& hit rinde +da ofer eor+dan feowertig daga & feowertig nihta
on an.
<R 7.17>
W+as +da geworden micel flod & +da w+ateru w+aron gemenifylde
& [{ahefdon{] up +done arc.
<R 7.18>
& y+dodon swy+de & gefyldon +d+are eor+dan bradnysse:
witodlice se arc w+as geferod ofer +da w+ateru.
<R 7.19>
& +d+at w+ater swy+drode swylce ofer eor+dan; wurdon +da
behelede ealle +da heahstan duna under ealre 
heofenan.
<P VII,20>
<R 7.20>
& +d+at w+ater w+as fyftyne f+a+dma deop ofer +da heahstan
duna.
<R 7.21>
Wear+d +da fornumen eal fl+asc +de ofer eor+dan styrode,
manna & fugela, nytena & creopendra.
<R 7.22>
& +alc +dingc +de lif h+afde wear+d adyd on +dam deopan
flode.
<R 7.23>
Buton +dam anum +de binnan +dam arce w+aron.
<R 7.24>
+d+at flod [{stod{] +da swa anhund daga & fiftig daga.
<P VIII,1>
<R 8.1>
& GOD +da gemunde Noes fare & +d+ara nytena +de him mid
w+aron, & asende wind ofer eor+dan, & +da w+ateru
wurdon gewanode.
<R 8.2>
& +da [{wylspringas{] +d+are miclan nywelnysse wurdon
fordytte & +d+are heofonan w+ater+deotan, & se ren 
wear+d forboden.
<R 8.3>
+da w+ateru +da gecyrdon of +d+are eor+dan ongean farende &
begunnon to wanigenne +after o+der healfhund
daga.
<R 8.4>
+da +atstod se arc on +dam seofo+dan mon+de ofer +da muntas
Armenisces landes.
<R 8.5>
& +da w+ateru toeodan & wanodon of +done teo+dan mon+d, & on
+dam teo+dan mon+de +ateowedon +d+ara munta 
cnollas.
<R 8.6>
+da +after feowertigum dagum undyde Noe his eah+dyrl, +de he
on +dam arce gemacode.
<R 8.7>
& asende ut +anne hremn: se hrem fleah +da ut & nolde eft
ongean cyrran, +ar +dan +de +da w+ateru 
adruwodon ofer eor+dan.
<R 8.8>
He asende +da eft ut ane culfran, +d+at heo sceawode gyf +da
w+atera +dagyt geswicon ofer +d+are eor+dan 
bradnysse.
<R 8.9>
Heo +da fleah ut & ne mihte findan hw+ar heo hire fot asette,
for +dan +de +da w+atera w+aron ofer ealle
eor+dan; & heo gecyrde ongean to Noe, & he genam hi in to
+dam arce.
<R 8.10>
He abad +da gyt o+dre seofan dagas & asende ut eft culfran.
<R 8.11>
Heo com +da on +afnunge eft to Noe, & brohte an twig of anum
elebeame mid grenum leafum on hyre 
mu+de.
+da undergeat Noe +d+at +da w+atera w+aron adruwode ofer
eor+dan.
<R 8.12>
& abad swa +deah seofan dagas & asende ut culfran; swa heo ne
gecyrde ongean to him.
<R 8.13>
+da geopenode Noe +d+as arces hrof, & beheold ut & geseah
+d+at [{+d+are{] eor+dan bradnis w+as adruwod.
<R 8.15>
God +da spr+ac to Noe, +dus cwe+dende.
<R 8.16>
Gang ut of +dam arce, +du & +tin wif & +dine suna & heora
wif.
<R 8.17>
& eal +d+at +d+ar inne is mid +de, l+ad ut mid +de ofer
eor+dan, & weaxe ge & beo+d gem+anifylde ofer 
eor+dan.
<R 8.18>
Noe +da ut eode of +dam arce, & hi ealle ofer eor+dan.
<P VIII,20>
<R 8.20>
& he ar+arde an weofod Gode, & genam of eallum +dam cl+anum
nytenum & cl+anum fugelum, & geoffrode 
Gode lac on +dam weofode.
<R 8.21>
God +da underfeng his lac & +d+are winsumnysse br+a+d, &
cw+a+d him to: Nelle ic nateshwon awyrgean +da 
eor+dan heononfor+d for mannum; andgyt & ge+toht menniscre
heortan syndon for+dhealde to yfele fram 
iugo+de; Eornostlice ne ofslea ic heononfor+d mid w+atere +alc
+dingc cuces, swa swa ic dyde.
<R 8.22>
Eallum dagum +d+are eor+dan, s+ad & gerip, cyle & h+ate,
sumor & winter, d+ag & niht ne geswica+d.
<P IX,1>
<R 9.1>
GOD bletsode +da Noe & his suna, & cw+a+d him to: Weaxa+d &
beo+d gemenifylde & afylla+d +da eor+dan.
<R 9.2>
& beo eower ege & oga ofer ealle nytenu & fugelas & ofer
ealle +da +dingc +de on eor+dan styria+d; 
Ealle s+afixas syndon eowrum handum bet+ahte.
<R 9.3>
& eal +d+at +de styra+d & leofa+d beo eow to mete, swa swa
growende wyrta ic hi bet+ace ealle eow.
<R 9.4>
Butan +dam anum +d+at ge fl+asc mid blode ne eton.
<R 9.5>
Eower blod ic ofgange +at eallum wildeorum & eac +at +dam
men; of +d+as weres handa & his bro+dor handa
ic ofgange +d+as mannes lif.
<R 9.6>
Swa hwa swa agyt +d+as mannes blod, his blod by+d agoten;
witodlice to Godes anlicnysse is se man 
geworht.
<R 9.7>
Weaxe ge nu & beo+d gem+anifylde & ga+d ofer eor+dan &
gefylla+d hi.
<R 9.8>
God cw+a+d eft to Noe & to his sunum.
<R 9.9>
Efne nu ic sette min wed to eow & to eowrum ofspringe.
<R 9.10>
& to eallum libbendum nytenum +de of +dam arce eodon.
<R 9.11>
+d+at ic nateshwon nelle heononfor+d eal fl+asc adydon mid
flodes w+aterum; ne heononfor+d ne bi+d flod
tosencende +da eor+dan.
<R 9.12>
+dis bi+d +d+at tacn mines weddes +d+at ic do betwux me & eow
& eallum libbendum nytenum on ecum 
m+ag+dum.
<R 9.13>
+d+at is, +d+at ic sette minne renbogan on wolcnum, & he by+d
tacn mines weddes betwux me & +d+are 
eor+dan.
<R 9.14>
+tonne ic oferteo heofonan mid wolcnum, +donne +ateowa+d min
boga on +dam wolcnum.
<R 9.15>
& ic beo gemyndig mines weddes wi+d eow, +d+at heononfor+d
ne by+d flod to adylgienne eall fl+asc.
<R 9.16>
Bi+d +donne se min renboga on +dam wolcnum & ic hine geseo &
beo gemyndig +d+as ecean weddes, +de geset
is betwux Gode & eallum libbendum fl+asce, +de ofer eor+dan
is.
<R 9.17>
+dis by+d +d+at tacn mines weddes +d+at ic gesette betwux me
& eallum fl+asce ofer eor+dan.
<R 9.18>
W+aron +da Noes suna +de of +dam arce eodan: Sem & Cham &
Iaphet; & Cham witodlice is f+ader +d+are 
Chananeiscre +deode.
<R 9.19>
& of +disum +drym Noes sunum is tosawen eall mancyn ofer
eor+dan.
<P IX,20>
<R 9.20>
Noe +da [{yr+dlingc{] began to wyrcenne +d+at land & gesette
him wingeard.
<R 9.21>
& +da +da he dranc of +dam wine, +da wear+d he druncen & l+ag
on his getelde unbehelod.
<R 9.22>
His sunu +da, Cham, geseah his gesceapu unbeheled, & cydde
hit his twam gebro+drum ut on felda.
<R 9.23>
Hw+at, +da Sem & Iapheth dydon anne hwitel on heora
sculdrum, & eodon underb+ac & beheledon heora 
f+aderes gecynd, swa +d+at hi ne gesawon his n+acednysse.
<R 9.24>
Noe so+dlice +da +da he awoc of +dam sl+ape, & he ofaxode
hw+at his suna him dydon.
<R 9.25>
+da cw+a+d he: Awyrged is Chanaan, & he by+d +deowena +deowa
his gebro+drum.
<R 9.26>
& he cw+a+d: Gebletsod is Drihten, Semes God; beo Chanaan
his +deowa.
<R 9.27>
Gem+anifylde God Iaphe+d, & he wunie on Semes geteldum, &
beo Chanaan his +deowa.
<R 9.28>
Noe +da leofode +dreohund geara & fiftig geara +after +dam
flode.
<R 9.29>
& w+aron +da gefyllede ealle his dagas nygonhund geara &
fiftig geara, & he for+dferde.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P XII,1>
<R 12>
HER swutela+d +t+as +almihtigan Godes mildheortnyss & hys
wundra, hu he Abraham geceas & hys 
bletsunga him sealde & hys ofspringe.
<R 12.1>
God cw+a+d +ta to Abrame: Far of +tinum lande & of +dinre
m+ag+de & of +dines f+ader huse, & cum to +tam 
lande +te ic +de geswutelige.
<R 12.2>
& ic macige +de mycelre m+ag+de & +te gebletsige & +dinne
naman ic gem+arsige, & +du byst gebletsod.
<R 12.3>
Ic gebletsige +da +te +de bletsia+d, & ic awyrige +da +te
+de wyria+d, & on +te beo+d gebletsode ealre 
eor+dan m+ag+da.
<R 12.4>
Abram +da ferde of Aran, swa swa God him bead, & Loth ferde
mid him.
<R 12.5>
Mid ealre fare & mid eallum +ahtum, o+d +t+at hi comon to
+tam lande Chanaan.
<R 12.6>
& Abram sceawode +d+at land, & +da gem+aru: Chananeus w+as
+ta on lande.
<R 12.7>
God +ta geswutelode hyne sylfne Abrame, & cw+a+d him to:
+tinum ofspringe ic forgyfe +dis land; Hw+at,
+ta Abram ar+arde +d+ar an weofod Gode, +te him +ateowde.
<R 12.8>
& ferde sy+d+dan to +tam munte be eastan Bethel, be westan
Hai, & +t+ar gesloh hys geteld & ar+arde +t+ar
an weofod Gode, & hys naman +d+ar clypode.
<R 12.9>
+tanon he ferde eft to +dam su+dd+ale +t+as landes.
<R 12.10>
& hyt wear+d +ta mycel hungorgear on +tam lande; Abram +da
ferde to Egypta lande, wolde +t+ar on 
+al+teodinysse anbidian, for +dan +de se hunger +dearle
swy+drode.
<R 12.11>
Mid +dam +de hi w+aron gehende Egypta lande, +ta cw+a+d
Abram to hys wife: Ic wat +d+at +tu eart wlitig on
hiwe.
<R 12.12>
& +tonne +da Egyptiscean +de geseo+d, +tonne cwe+da+t hi
+d+at +tu min wif sy, & hi ofslea+d me & +de 
healda+d.
<R 12.13>
Sege nu, ic +de bidde, +t+at +du min swuster sy, +t+at me wel
sy for +de, & min sawel lybbe for +tinum 
intingan.
<R 12.14>
Hi comon +da to Egypta lande, & +da Egyptiscean gesawon +d+at
+t+at wif w+as swy+de wlitig.
<R 12.15>
& +d+as cyninges ealdormen sp+acon be hyre wlite to +tam
cyninge Farao, & heredon hi beforan him; +t+at
wif wear+d +ta gel+aht & gel+add to +tam cyninge.
<R 12.16>
& Abram underfeng fela sceatta for hyre: he h+afde +da on
orfe & on +deowum, on oluendum & on assum
mycele +ahta.
<R 12.17>
God so+dlice beswang Farao +tone cyning mid +tam m+astum
witum & ealne hys hired for Sarai, Abrames 
wife.
<R 12.18>
Farao +da het clypian Abram, & cw+a+d him to: Hw+at la, hwi
dydest +du swa wi+d me; hwi noldest +du 
secgan +t+at heo +tin wif ys.
<R 12.19>
For hwylcon intingan s+adest +du +t+at heo +din swustor
w+are; efne nu her ys +din wif: nim hig and far
+de aweg.
<P XII,20>
<R 12.20>
Abram +ta ferde of Egypta lande mid ealre hys fare, & Farao
se cyning him funde ladmen.
<P XIII,1>
<R 13.1>
& LOTH ferde for+d mid him, o+d +d+at hi comon to su+dd+ale
<R 13.3>
betwux Bethel & Hai.
<R 13.4>
To +d+are stowe +te he +d+at weofod +ar ar+arde, & geb+ad
hyne +d+ar to Gode.
<R 13.5>
& Loth samod mid him.
Abram so+dlice w+as swy+de welig on golde & on seolfre & on
orfe & on geteldum.
<R 13.6>
Swa +t+at +t+at land ne mihte aberan +t+at hi begen, he &
Loth, +atg+adere wunedon: heora +ahta w+aron 
menigfealde & ne mihton wunian +atg+adere.
<R 13.7>
Wear+d eac +durh +tone intingan sacu betwux Abrames
hyrdemannum & Lothes; On +d+are tide wunedon 
Chananeus & Ferezeus on +dam lande.
<R 13.8>
Abram +ta cw+a+d to Lothe: Ic bidde +t+at nan sacu ne sy
betwux me & +de, ne betwux minum hyrdum & 
+dinum hyrdum; wyt synd gebro+dru.
<R 13.9>
Efne nu eall seo eor+de li+d +atforan +de: ic bidde, far fram
me: gyf +du f+arst to +t+are wynstran 
healfe, ic healde +ta swy+dran healfe;
gyf +tu +donne +ta swy+dran healfe gecyst,
ic fare to +t+are wynstran healfe.
<R 13.10>
Loth +da beheold geond eall, & geseah +t+at eall se eard wi+d
+da ea Iordanen w+as myrge mid w+atere 
gemenged, swa swa Godes neorxnawang, & swa swa Egypta land
becumendum to Segor, +ar +tan +te God 
towende +da burga Sodomam & Gomorran.
<R 13.11>
Loth +da geceas him +tone eard wi+d Iordanen & ferde fram
eastd+ale, & hi wurdon totw+amede heora 
+ag+der fram hys bre+der.
<R 13.12>
Abram eardode +da on +tam lande Chanaan: Loth so+dlice
wunode on +tam f+astenum +de w+aron embe 
Iordanen, & he eardode on +t+are byrig Sodoma.
<R 13.13>
+ta Sodomitiscan men w+aron forcu+dostan & swy+de synfulle
+atforan Gode.
<R 13.14>
God cw+a+d +da to Abrame, +after +dan +te Loth w+as totw+amed
him fram: Ahefe upp +tine eagan & beheald 
fram +d+are stowe +te +du on stenst to nor+dd+ale & to
su+dd+ale & to eastd+ale & to westd+ale.
<R 13.15>
Eal +dis land +te +du gesyxt, ic forgyfe +de & +tinum
ofsprincge on ecnysse.
<R 13.16>
& ic do +tinne ofsprincg swa menigfealdne swa swa +d+are
eor+dan dust: gyf +anig man m+ag geriman +d+are
eor+dan dust, +tonne m+ag he eac swylce geriman +tinne
ofspring.
<R 13.17>
Aris nu & far geond +tis land on lencge & br+ade, for +dan
+de ic hyt +te forgyfe.
<R 13.18>
Abram +ta eornostlice astyrode hys geteld, & com & eardode
wi+d +tone dene Mambre, +t+at +de ys on 
Ebron, & +t+ar ar+arde weofod Gode.
<P XIV,1>
<R 14.1>
HYT gelamp +da on +t+are tide +t+at +da cyningas wunnon him
betwynan.
<R 14.2>
iiii ciningas wi+d v cyningas, o+d +d+at hi comon to
gefeohte.
<R 14.10>
+ta feollon +da cyningas on +dam gefeohte ofslagene, of
Sodomam & Gomorran, +t+ara manfulra +deoda, & 
heora geferan flugon afyrhte to muntum.
<R 14.11>
+ta namon +ta sigef+astan cyningas sona on +tam burgum
Sodoma & Gomorra +da god +te hi +d+ar fundon.
<R 14.12>
& eac l+addon aweg Loth mid hys +ahtum, Abrames bro+dor
sunu, +de on +tam burgum eardode.
<R 14.13>
+da +atb+arst him sum man, & se hyt s+ade Abrame, hu man hys
bro+dor sunu on bendum aweg l+adde.
<R 14.14>
Abram +da genam ardlice +dreohund manna & eahtatyne men of
hys inbyrdlingum, & efste wi+d +d+as heres,
o+d +d+at he hi ofrad.
<R 14.15>
Tod+alde +da hys geferan f+arlice on +t+are nihte, & him on
ber+asde & on eornost hi sloh & afligde +da
lafe, o+d +d+at hi comon to Fenicen.
<R 14.16>
He l+adde +ta ongean Loth, hys bro+dor sunu, mid eallum hys
+ahtum, & +d+at o+der folc samod, mid wifum
& +ahtum, gewunnenum sige.
<R 14.17>
+ta eode Sodomitiscra cyning sona him togeanes.
<P XIV,21>
<R 14.21>
& b+ad +t+at he h+afde eall +t+at he of +dam here genam,
buton +tam mannum anum.
<R 14.22>
& Abram him cw+a+d to: Ic ahebbe mine hand to +dam healican
Gode. se +de ys agnigend eor+dan & heofonan, 
<R 14.23>
+t+at ic ne underfo fur+don +anne +dwang of eallum +tisum 
+dingum +de +tine +ar w+aron, +d+at +tu ne secge eft: Ic 
gewelgode Abram.
<R 14.24>
Buton +dam anum +dingon, +de mine geferan +aton, & +t+ara
manna d+al +te me mid comon, An+ar, & Escol, & 
Mambre; nymon +tas heora d+al.
<R 14.18>
+t+ar com eac Melchisedech, se m+ara Godes man, se w+as
cyning & Godes sacerd; & he brohte hlaf & 
win.
<R 14.19>
& bletsode Abram, & cw+a+d: Gebletsod ys Abram +dam healican
Gode, se +de gesceop heofenan & eor+dan.
<R 14.20>
& gebletsod ys se healica God: +turh hys scyldnysse synd +da
fynd on +dinum handum oferwunnene & he
sealde him +ta teo+dunga of eallum +dam +tingum.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P XXII,1>
<R 22.1>
GOD wolde +ta fandian Abrahames gehyrsumnysse, & clypode hys
naman.
<R 22.2>
& cw+a+d him +dus to: Nym +dinne ancennedan sunu Isaac, +te
+du lufast, & far to +tam lande Visionis 
hra+de, & geofra hyne +t+ar uppan anre dune.
<R 22.3>
Abraham +da aras on +t+are ylcan nihte & ferde mid twam
cnapum to +tam fyrlenum lande, & Isaac samod,
on assum ridende.
<R 22.4>
+ta on +done +driddan d+ag, +ta hi +da dune gesawon, +d+ar
+d+ar hi to sceoldon to ofsleane Isaac.
<R 22.5>
+da cw+a+d Abraham to +tam cnapum +dus: Anbidia+d eow her
mid +tam assum sume hwile: ic & +t+at cild ga+d 
unc to gebiddenne, & we sy+d+dan cuma+d sona eft to eow.
<R 22.6>
Abraham +ta het Isaac beran +tone wudu to +t+are stowe, & he
sylf b+ar hys swurd & fyr.
<R 22.7>
Isaac +da axode Abraham hys f+ader: F+ader min, ic axige
hw+ar seo offrung sy; her ys wuda & fyr.
<R 22.8>
Him andwyrde se f+ader: God foresceawa+d, min sunu, him sylf
+da offrunge.
<R 22.9>
Hi comon +ta to +d+are stowe +te him geswutelode God, & he
+d+ar weofod ar+arde on +da ealdan wisan, & 
+tone wudu gelogode, swa swa he hyt wolde habban to hys suna
b+arnette sy+d+dan he ofslagen wurde; He 
geband +ta hys sunu.
<R 22.10>
& hys swurd ateah +t+at he hyne geoffrode on +ta ealdan
wisan.
<R 22.11>
Mid +dam +de he wolde +t+at weorc begynnan, +da clypode Godes
engel ardlice of heofonum, Abraham; He 
andwyrde sona.
<R 22.12>
Se engel him cw+a+d to: Ne acwel +du +t+at cild, ne +tine
hand ne astrece ofer hys swuran: nu ic 
oncneow so+dlice, +t+at +du swy+de ondr+atst God, nu +tu +tinne
ancennedan sunu ofslean woldest for him.
<R 22.13>
+da beseah Abraham sona underb+ac, & geseah +d+ar +anne ram
betwux +tam bremelum be +dam hornum geh+aft,
& he ahefde +done ram to +d+are offrunge & hyne +t+ar ofsna+d
Gode to lace for hys sunu Isaac.
<R 22.14>
He het +ta +ta stowe (\Dominus uidit\) , +t+at ys God gesyh+d,
& gyt ys ges+ad swa: (\In monte Dominus 
uidit\) , +t+at ys God gesyh+d on dune.
<R 22.15>
Eft clypode se engel Abraham, & cw+a+d.
<R 22.16>
Ic swerige +durh me sylfne, s+ade se +almihtiga, nu +du
noldest arian +tinum ancennedan suna, ac +de 
w+as min ege mare +tonne hys lif.
<R 22.17>
Ic +de nu bletsige & +dinne ofspringe gemenigfylde swa swa
steorran on heofonum & swa swa 
sandceosel on s+a; +tin ofsprincg sceal agan heora feonda gatu.
<R 22.18>
& on +tinum s+ade beo+d ealle +deoda gebletsode, for +tan +de
+tu gehyrsumodest minre h+ase +dus.
<R 22.19>
Abraham +da gecyrde sona to hys cnapum, & ferde him ham swa
mid heofonlicre bletsunge.

<S SAMPLE 5>
[^B8.1.4.4^]
<P XIII,1>
<R 13.1>
+aFTER +dam +de Moyses, se m+ara heretoga, mid Israhela
folce, swa swa him God bebead, ofer +da Readan
S+a ferde, & Farao adrenced w+as, & sy+d+dan se +almihtiga
God him +a geset h+afde, +da +da seo fyrd com
to Pharan +dam westene, +da cw+a+d se heofonlica God to +dam
halgan Moyse: 
<R 13.3>
Ceos +de nu men +t+at magon sceawian +done eard Chanaan landes,
+de ic Israhela folce forgyfan wille to heora gewealde, & asend
twelf heafodmen of +dam twelf m+ag+dum.
<R 13.4>
+da dyde Moyses swa God him bebead, & sende of +dam westene,
+de is genemned Pharan, twelf 
sceaweras, 
<R 13.5>
+te heora naman her synd awritene: Of Ruben, Semmua
Sechores sunu; of Simeon, Saphath Vries 
sunu; of Iudas, Chaleb Ieppones sunu; of Efraim, Osee Nunes
sunu; of Isachar, Igal Iosepes 
sunu; of Beniamin, Psalthi Raphues sunu; of Zabulon, Iedidel
Sodiys sunu; of Ioseph, Gaddi 
Susius sunu; of Dan, Amihel Iemallies sunu; of Aser, Stur
Michaheles sunu; of Neptalim, Naabdi 
Vaphsies sunu; of Gad, Guel Mathies sunu.
<R 13.17>
+dis synd +dara manna naman, +de Moyses sende to sceawigenne
Chanaan land.
<R 13.18>
& +dus cw+a+d: Fara+d geond +done su+dd+al,
<R 13.19>
& sceawia+d +d+at land, hw+a+der hit w+astmb+are sy & 
mid wudum gemencged, 
<P XIII,20>
& +da burga gebette o+d+de butan weallum, &
hw+a+der +d+at landfolc sy to gefeohte stranglic
o+d+de untrumlic, feawa on getele hw+a+der +de fela.
<R 13.21>
& feria+d mid eow of +d+are eor+dan w+astmum, +donne ge eft
cuma+d; Hit w+as +da se tima +de winberian 
ripodon.
<R 13.22>
& hi ferdon +da sona & sceawodon +tone eard, 
<R 13.26>
& geond feowertig daga embferdon +done eard.
<R 13.24>
& of +dam winbogum mid berium mid ealle & +applum & of+atum
eft mid him brohton.
<R 13.27>
& comon to Moyse, +t+ar he mid +d+are fyrde w+as, on Pharan
+dam westene.
<R 13.28>
& +das word him to cw+adon: We comon to +dam earde +te ge us
heton faran, +te flew+d witodlice meolce &
hunie, swa swa ge of +disum w+astmum wel oncnawon magon.
<R 13.29>
Ac +ta strengstan weras wunia+d on +dam lande & micele burga
+d+ar synd & m+arlice geweallode: +d+ar we 
gesawon Enachus cynryn.
<R 13.30>
Amalech eac swylce earda+d on +dam su+dd+ale, Etheus on +dam
muntlandum, & Iebuseus & Amorreus, 
Chananeus wi+d +da s+a & ymb +da ea Iordan.
<R 13.31>
Hw+at +da Israhela bearn endemes hrymdon ongean Moysen
miclum ceorodon; ac Caleph hi gestilde, & 
cw+a+d mid gebylde: Vton faran to +tam earde, & geagnian us
+d+at land, for +dan +de we magon mid mihte 
hit begytan.
<R 13.32>
+da o+dre so+dlice cw+adon, +te mid him asende w+aron: Ne
mage we faran nateshwon to +dam folce +tus, for
+dan +te hi synd strengran +tonne we.
<R 13.34>
& we +d+ar gesawon of +dam entcynne Enachys bearna micelra
w+astma, +dam we ne synd +de gelicran +de 
lytle g+arstapan.
<R 13.33>
& hi t+aldon +d+at land mid heora teonwordum.
<P XIV,1>
<R 14.1>
HW+aT +da, eal seo m+aniu endemes weop sona, & miclum
ceorodon ongean Moysen, & cw+adon: 
<R 14.3>
We wiscea+d +d+at we on Egypta lande w+aron +ar deade
& na on +disum westene, & we wiscea+d swy+dor +t+at we 
forwur+don her & us Drihten ne l+ade in to +dam lande,
+t+at we +d+ar licgon ofslagene & ure wif & cyld wur+don 
gehergode; Nis us, la, betere +t+at we bugon ongean to Egypta
lande?
<R 14.4>
& +alc cw+a+d to o+drum: Vton us gesettan efne nu heretogan &
uton gecyrran to Egypta lande.
<R 14.5>
Moyses +da & Aaron miclum wurdon astyrode & feollon astrehte
+atforan +d+are m+aniu.
<R 14.6>
Caleph +da & Iosue cw+adon to +dam folce: 
<R 14.7>
+t+at land +de we sceawodon is swy+de +dearle god.
<R 14.8>
Gyf Drihten us arf+ast bi+d, he us in gel+at to +dam, & syl+d
us +da moldan +te meolce & hunie flew+d.
<R 14.9>
Ne beo ge wi+derr+ade wi+d eowerne Drihten, ne ge ne
ondr+adon eow; Drihten is mid us.
<R 14.10>
+da hrymde eal seo m+aniu & mid stanum woldon hi oftorfian;
ac Godes wuldor wear+d sona wundorlice 
+ateowod ofer +d+at Godes scrin, +t+ar hi on locodon.
<R 14.11>
& God cw+a+d to Moyse: Hu lange t+al+d +tis folc me, & hu
lange ne gelyfa+d hi me on eallum +dam tacnum
+te ic +atforan him dyde?
<R 14.12>
Ic ofslea hi mid cwylde & hi fordo mid cwealme, & ic +de
gesette sy+d+dan to heretogan ofer micele 
+deode strengran +tonne +deos.
<R 14.13>
Moyses +da clypode, & +dus cw+a+d to Drihtne: Gyf +da
Egyptiscean gehyra+d, & +da +de her eardia+d 
abutan, +t+at +du +tas m+aniu ofslihst swa swa anne mannan,
+tonne secga+d hi sona +t+at +du ofsloge hi for +di,
+t+at +du ne miht+ast hi gel+adan to +dam lande +de +du him
behete.
<R 14.17>
Ac sy +tin streng+d gem+arsod, swa swa +du swore.
<R 14.19>
Drihten, ic +de bidde +d+at +du forgyfe +tises folces synna
+after micelnisse +tinre mildheortnysse.
<P XIV,20>
<R 14.20>
Drihten cw+a+d to Moyse: Ic hit forgyfe +after +dinum worde.
<R 14.22>
Swa +deah so+dlice ealle +ta +de gesawon mine m+agn+drymnysse
& +da miclan tacna, +de ic worhte on Egypta
lande & on +tisum westene, & costnodon me nu tyn si+don &
mine stemne ne gehyrsumodon, ne geseo+d
hi +d+at land, +te ic foreswor heora f+aderum, ne nan +t+ara
+de me t+alde ne gesih+d +d+at land.
<R 14.30>
Caleph & Iosue cuma+d to +tam lande.
<R 14.31>
Eowre bearn ic l+ade to +tam lande so+dlice.
<R 14.32>
& eowre lic sceolan licgan on +tisum westene.
<R 14.33>
Eowre bearn beo+d worigende on +tisum westene feowertig
wintra & eower forligr bera+d, o+d +d+at heora
f+adera hreaw beon fornumene.
<R 14.34>
+after +d+ara feowertigra daga get+ale, +te ge +d+at land
besceawodon, ger bi+d for d+age geteald, & on 
feowertigum gearum ge underfo+d eowre unrihtwisnyssa, +t+at ge
witon mine wrace.
<R 14.36>
+da wurdon sona ofslagene on Godes gesih+de +da tyn
sceaweras, +te sceawodon +d+at land, & deade ny+der
feollon, for +dan +de hi +t+at folc mistihton & +t+at land
t+al.
<R 14.38>
& +da twegen leofodan, Iosue & Caleph, & hi comon to +tam
lande.
<R 14.39>
+da weop +t+at folc sare, 
<P XIV,40>
& sona on +arne merien astigon
gew+apnode up to +d+are dune, & cw+adon: We 
synd gearwe nu to gewinnenne +t+at land be +dam +de Drihten
spr+ac, for +dan +te we syngodon.
<R 14.41>
+da cw+a+d Moyses to andsware: Hwi oferg+age ge Godes word;
Hit ne becym+d eow na to nanre spede.
<R 14.42>
Ne fare ge, ic bidde, for +dan +te God nis mid eow, +t+at ge
ne feallon +atforan eowrum feondum.
<R 14.44>
Hi swa +deah ablende beotlice astygon to +d+as muntes
cn+appe.
<R 14.45>
& +da comon heora fynd, Amalechitisc folc & Chananeus samod,
+te eardedon on +dam munte, & hi miclum
slogon & ehtende adrifon o+t +d+at hi comon to Horma.

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P XVI,1>
<R 16.1>
& +aFTER +dam f+arlice arison feower weras, Chore & Hon,
Dathan & Abiron, ongean Moysen miclum 
astyrode, & +dridde healf hund manna of +dam yldstum mannum; 
<R 16.3>
& cw+adon to Moyse & to Aarone +tam sacerde: Eall +deos 
m+aniu so+dlice syndon haligra bearn & God wuna+d on him: 
Hwi synd ge ahafene ofer Drihtnes folc?
<R 16.4>
& Moyses feoll astreht sona to eor+dan.
<R 16.5>
& to +dam folce cw+a+d: To mergen geswutela+d God hwilce he
gecyst to him.
<R 16.6>
Nime eower +alc his storcyllan & stere +atforan Gode; &
+tone +te he gecyst, beo se halig.
<R 16.18>
Hi dydon swa on mergen mid miclum gedwylde & brohton heora
storcyllan, standende +at +dam getelde.
<R 16.27>
Ac Dathan & Abiron stodon on heora geteldum.
<R 16.12>
& cw+adon to Moyse mid miclum graman: 
<R 16.13>
Is +de, la, lytel ge+duht +t+at +du al+addest us of +dam 
lande +te weol meolce & hunige, +t+at +du us ofsloge on 
+tisum westene, butan +tu eac ure gewealde?
<R 16.14>
Witodlice +tu gel+addest us in to +dam lande +te eall flew+d
on ri+dum meolce & [{huniges{] & sealdest us
land & +ahta & wingeardas +d+ar; o+d+de wilt +du, la, ut
apytan ure eagan?
<R 16.19>
+da +ateowde Godes wuldor.
<P XVI,20>
<R 16.20>
& God cw+a+d to Moyse: 
<R 16.21>
Asyndria+d eow fram +disre scyldigan gegaderunge, +t+at ic hi
f+arlice fordon m+age.
<R 16.31>
Hw+at +da f+arlice geopenode seo eor+de hi sylfe & forswealh
+da weras mid wifum & cildum, Dathan & 
Abiron, mid heora geteldum & eallum +ahtum, 
<R 16.33>
+t+at hi in to helle cuce si+dodon mid sande ofhrorene.
<R 16.34>
& +t+at folc fleah afyrht for heora hreame.
<R 16.35>
Eac swylce f+arlice fyr com fram Gode & ofsloh +da o+tre +te
offrodon +done stor, +dridde healf hund 
manna, +t+ar hi heoldon +ta recelsfata.
<P XVI,41>
<R 16.41>
Eft on +dam o+drum d+age eall seo m+aniu ceorode ongean
Moysen & Aaron, cwe+dende: Ge ofslogon Godes 
folc.
<R 16.42>
& seo sacu +da aras.
<R 16.43>
& Moyses & Aaron efston mid fleame to Godes getelde, & +ta
+da hi in agan w+aron, +da +atywde Godes 
wuldor.
<R 16.44>
& God cw+a+d to Moyse: 
<R 16.45>
Gewita+d aweg fram +disre m+aniu; nu ic hi adylgie.
<R 16.46>
& Moyses cw+a+d to Aarone: Nim +din recelsf+at & efst to +dam
folce & for hi gebide, for +dan +de Godes
yrre is ofer hi & his wite re+dega+d.
<R 16.47>
Aaron +da ardlice arn to +dam folce & sterde mid thimiama
standende betwynan +dam cucuan & +dam 
deadum, & b+ad for +d+at folc; +d+at wite +da geswac.
<R 16.49>
& +t+ar w+aron ofslagene feowertyne +dusenda of +d+as folces
m+aniu & seofonhund manna [{butan{] +dam +de +d+ar
ofslagene w+aron on Chores [{ceaste{] .
<R 16.50>
Aaron eode +da eft to Moyse to Drihtnes getelde.
<P XVII,1>
<R 17.1>
& Drihten cw+a+d to Moyse: 
<R 17.2>
Nim nu twelf gyrda +at +dam twelf m+ag+dum fram +t+are 
m+ag+da ealdrum, & heora +alces naman awrit on his gyrde 
& Aarones nama beo on Leuies m+ag+de, & lege +da gyrda on 
+dam getelde +t+ar ic +de to sprece.
<R 17.5>
& +tone +te ic geceose, +tonne sprytt his gyrd, & ic gestille
fram me Ysrahela ceorunge.
<R 17.7>
Moyses +da dyde swa swa Drihten him bebead.
<R 17.8>
& eode on +arne merien in to +dam getelde, & efne +da w+as
growende Aarones gyrd on blostmum & on 
leafum on hnutbeames wisan.
<R 17.9>
He b+ar +da +da gyrda to Ysrahela bearnum, & hi gesawon hw+at
+t+ar geswutelod w+as; +alc nam +ta his 
gyrde.
<R 17.10>
& God cw+a+d eft to Moyse: Ber Aarones gyrde in to +dam
getelde, +d+at heo sy gehealden Israhele to 
tacne & heora ceorung geswice, +t+at hi ne swelton.
<R 17.11>
& Moyses dyde swa swa him Drihten bebead.

<S SAMPLE 7>
<P XVIII,1>
<R 18.1>
GOD geceas Aaron him to sacerde & of his ofsprincge to his
offrunge symle & of Leuies m+ag+de 
manega to Leuita Aarone to fylste to +dam +alicum
ons+agednyssum, & God sylf him sealde +da gesetnyssa.
<P XX,1>
<R 20.1>
+aFTER +tisum comon Israhela bearn to +dam westene Sin, &
+d+ar sweolt Maria, Aarones swustor, & is 
+d+ar bebyrged.
<R 20.2>
+da n+as +d+ar nan w+ater on +tam westene +tam folce.
<R 20.3>
& hi +da ciddon swi+de wi+d Moysen.
<R 20.6>
He clypode +da to Gode.
<R 20.7>
& God cw+a+d to him: 
<R 20.8>
Gang +du & Aaron & gegaderia+d +tis folc geond to +dam stane; 
& se stan eow syl+t w+ater.
<R 20.10>
Hi comon +da to +dam flinte.
<R 20.11>
& he +atforan him eallon sloh mid +d+are gyrde tua +tone
flint, & +t+ar fleow sona of +dam flinte w+ater
swa genihtsumlice, +t+at heora nytena druncon & eall Israhela
folc of +d+are anre ri+de.
<R 20.14>
+da sende Moyses +arendracan to Edom +tam cynincge; 
<R 20.17>
B+ad +t+at he moste faran for+d ofer his land be 
rihtum wege & ne reppan his nan +tingc.
<R 20.18>
Edom +da andwyrde +tam +arendracum, & cw+a+d: Ne fare ge
+durh me.
<R 20.20>
& he ferde +da sona mid eallon his folce to gefeohte gearu:
& forwyrnde Israhele +t+at oferf+areld 
+turh his land; Hi gewendon +ta aweg, & gewicodon wi+d +done
munt, +te is Or gehaten.
<R 20.28>
+t+ar Aaron for+dferde & Eleazarus, his sunu, w+as sacerd for
hine.
<R 20.30>
& hi ealle beweopon Aarones for+dsi+d geond xxx daga
geomriende swy+de.
<P XXI,1>
<R 21.1>
CHANANEUS +ta wann wi+d Israhela bearn, & sige on him
gewann.
<R 21.2>
Ac hi wendon to Gode mid ealre heortan.
<R 21.3>
& hi gehyrde God, & him sige forgeaf, +t+at hi ofslogon +tone
cyningc & his folc samod mid swurdes 
ecge & heora burga towendon.
<R 21.4>
& gewendon him ham +danon ofer langne weg, +t+at hi +t+at
land embferdon; +t+at folc wear+d +da a+dryt & 
+dearle geswenct mid +dam si+df+ate.
<R 21.5>
& ceorodon ongean Godd & ongean Moysen miclum, & cw+adon:
Hwi l+addest +du, la, us of Egypta lande,
+t+at we swulton on +tisum westene; We nabba+d na+dor ne hlaf
ne w+ater, & us wlata+t nu for +disum 
leohtostan mete.
<R 21.6>
For +dam +dingon +ta sona sende God him to fyrene n+addran, &
hi +d+at folc tot+aron & manega adyddon.
<R 21.7>
& hi to Moyse cw+adon: We syngodon swy+de, for +dan +de we
swa sp+acon ongean God & +de; ac gebide for
us, +t+at he afyrsige fram us +da fyrene n+addran; Moyses +da
geb+ad for +d+at folc.
<R 21.8>
& God cw+a+d to him: Wyrc ane +arene n+addran & sete upp to
tacne, & se +de tosliten beo, beseo upp to
+d+are n+addran, & he leofo+d sona swa he besyh+d on hi.
<R 21.9>
Moyses +da worhte +da +arenan n+addran, & sette to tacne; &
+ta +de toslitene w+aron beheoldon to +d+are 
n+addran & wurdon geh+alede.
<R 21.10>
Hi ferdon +da +danon mid heora fyrdwicum.
<P XXI,21>
<R 21.21>
& Moyses sende +da to Seon, +dam cyninge Amoreiscre +deode,
+disum wordum, & cw+a+d: 
<R 21.22>
Ic bidde +d+at +du me lyfe ofer +din land to farene; Ne 
reppe we +dine +aceras o+d+de wineardas, eowwer w+aterpyttas; 
ac swa swa se weg li+d we fara+d, gyf we moton, for+d ofer 
+din land.
<R 21.23>
+da nolde Seon, se cyningc, nateshwon him ti+dian +t+at
Israhel ferde for+d ofer his gem+aru, ac 
gegaderode his folc & ferde him togenes & feaht swy+de ongean,
o+d +d+at he feol ofslagen, & his folc 
samod, mid swurdes ecge.
<R 21.25>
Hi geeodon +da his land & ealle his burga, & Israhel wunode
+ta on +tam widgillan lande.
<R 21.32>
Moyses +da sende & het sceawian Azer; +t+are wic hi geeodon
& ahton +tone eard.
<R 21.33>
Hi gewendon +da +danon & woldon to Basan, ac Og, se cyning,
com him togeanes mid eallum his folce 
to gefeohte gearu.
<R 21.34>
Drihten cw+a+d to Moyse: Ne ondr+ad +du hine; ic hine sealde
to +tinum gewealde & eall his folc & 
land.
<R 21.35>
& hi fuhton +da swy+de, & Israhel ofsloh Og +tone cyningc, &
his suna, & his folc eall to forwyrde,
& geahton his land & ealle his burga.
<P XXII,1>
<R 22.1>
MOYSES +da ferde to Moab mid +dam folce.
<R 22.2>
& se cyningc Balac cw+a+d to his leode: Swa adylega+d +tis
folc mid heora fyrdcr+afte ealle +da +de 
eardia+d on urum gem+arum, swa swa oxa gewuna+t to awestenne
g+ars o+d +da wyrtruman [{eor+dslihtes{] mid 
to+dum.
<R 22.5>
He sende +ta his bodan to Balaam +dam witegan, Beores suna
& b+ad +d+at he come to wyrigenne +t+at folc
+te fundode wi+d his, & cw+a+d: Ic wat +t+at se bi+d
gebletsod, +de +du gebletsast, & se bi+d awyrged [^TORONTO 
CORPUS: awryged^] +te 
+du wyrigst.
<R 22.7>
+da bodan +da comon to Balaan mid sceattum.
<R 22.18>
Balaam andwyrde +tam +arendracum & cw+a+d: +deah Balaac me
sylle goldes & seolfres an hus full, ic ne
m+ag awendan Godes word.
<R 22.19>
Ac beo+d her to niht & bida+d andsware.
<P XXII,20>
<R 22.20>
+da com God on niht to Balaam, & cw+a+d: Nu +das men +te
fecca+d; far mid him, swa +d+at +du do +t+at ic +de
bebeode.
<R 22.21>
Balaam +da ferde for+d mid +dam bodum on assan ridende.
<R 22.22>
& efne Godes encgel forstod +tone weg +d+ar he wolde ridan
mid atogenum sweorde, swilce he hine 
slean wolde.
<R 22.23>
Se assa geseah +done encgel standende, & Balaam ne geseah;
+ta forbeah se assa +t+as engles swurd, &
eode of +dam wege; Hw+at +ta Balaam beot +tone assan, wolde
+d+at he eode innon +tone weg.
<R 22.25>
+da fleah se assa gyt forht for +tam encgle, & +dyde his
hlafordes fot +dearle to +dam hege; Balaam +ta
gyt beot +tone assan.
<R 22.26>
& se encgel eode in to anum nyrwette, +te he ne mihte
forbugan on na+dre healfe, for +dan +te +t+ar nan
bige n+as.
<R 22.27>
+da feol se assa adune afyrht for +dam engle, & Balaam wear+d
yrre & beot hine gyt swy+dor.
<R 22.28>
+da geopenode Drihten +t+as assan mu+d, & he cw+a+d: Hwi
beatst +du me swa swy+de?
<R 22.29>
& Balaam andwyrde: For +dam +de +du me beswice, & ic +de
ofslean wolde, gyf ic swurd h+afde.
<R 22.30>
+da s+ade se assa: Ne eom ic na +tin assa +te +du on ridst
symble; Sege hw+anne ic +afre +ar +tyllic +de 
gebude.
<R 22.31>
God +ta geopenode Balaames eagon, +t+at he geseah +tone engel
+te se assa forbeah, mid nacodum swurde,
& he hnah to eor+dan, & aleat wi+d +d+as engles.
<R 22.32>
& se encgel cw+a+t: Hwi beote +du +tinne assan efne nu
+trywa?
<R 22.33>
Ic +te ofsloge sona & se assa ne leofode, gyf he ne forbuge
me.
<R 22.34>
& Balaam cw+a+d: Ic syngode nytende; nyste +t+at +du stode
ongean me, & gyf +de min f+areld mislica+d, ic
fare eft ongean.
<R 22.35>
Se encgel cw+a+d to him: Farr mid +tisum mannum, & warna
+t+at +du nan +tinc elles ne sprece buton +t+at 
ic +te bebeode; & Balaam +ta rad for+d.
<R 22.36>
Se cyning +da, Balac, com him togeanes.
<P XXIII,1>
<R 23.1>
& HE ar+arde sona seofon weofoda; & +t+ar lac geoffrode on
+da ealdan wisan.
<R 23.8>
& cw+a+d to Balac: Hu m+ag ic awyrian +tone +de God bletsode;
& he witegode +da, swa him wissode God, &
bletsode Israhel.
<R 23.11>
& Balac cw+a+d to him: Ic +de fette for +di, +t+at +du mine
fynd wyrigdest, & +tu hi bletsast.
<R 23.12>
Balaam cw+a+d +da: Cwyst +du, m+ag ic o+ter sprecan buton
+d+at Drihten het?
<R 23.13>
+da cw+a+d Balac him to: Cum to o+dre stowe mid me.
<R 23.14>
& he eft ar+arde o+dre seofan weofoda, & bletsode Israhel.
<P XXIII,25>
<R 23.25>
& Balac cw+a+d: Ne +du hine wyrige, ne +du hine bletsa.
<R 23.26>
+da cw+a+d Balaam to Balaace +dus: Hu ne s+ade ic +de +t+at
swa hw+at swa God me bebude, +t+at ic +d+at dyde?
<R 23.27>
& Balac cw+a+d: Cum, ic +de l+ade to o+dre stowe, gyf Gode
swa gelicie +t+at +du hi +danon gewyrige.
<R 23.28>
Hi eodon +da begen up to +dam munte; & he sona ar+arde
seofan weofoda, & lac geoffrode.
<P XXIV,1>
<R 24.1>
& ISRAHEL bletsode, & +ta +dingc witegode +te him gewissode
God.
<R 24.2>
He mihte geseon Israhel of +dam munte +tanon.
<R 24.10>
+da yrsode Balac wi+d Balaam, & cw+a+d: Ic +de het feccan,
+t+at +du mine fynd wyrigdest, & +tu nu +drywa 
hi bletsodest.
<R 24.11>
Far +de nu ham: ic h+afde gemynt +de to arwur+dienne on
+ahtum & on feo, ac God +de ben+amde +d+as 
wur+dmyntes.
<P XXV,1>
<R 25.1>
HIT stent on o+drum bocum, +t+at Balaam swa +deah t+ahte
+tam cyningce hu he cuman mihte +t+at he hi 
beswice; & he eac swa dyde; he beswac hi swa, +t+at he sette
wifmen +at his h+a+dengylde gehende +dam 
folce, +t+ar hi on locodon; & hi eodon +da to manega of +dam
folce to +dam myltystrum & wi+d hi h+amdon; &
to +dam h+a+dengylde bugon.
<R 25.3>
God wear+d +da yrre Israhela bearnum, & het Moyses ahon +ta
+de +d+at man dydon.
<R 25.5>
Moyses +ta het +da manfullan ofslean, ealle +da +de bugon to
Belphegor.
<R 25.8>
& +t+ar wurdon ofslagene mid swurdes ecge feower & twenti
+dusenda of +d+as folces m+aniu; & Godes yrre
geswac & he him sy+d+dan mildsode.
<R 25.16>
God bebead sy+t+tan Moyse, & cw+a+d: 
<R 25.17>
Wrec Israhela bearn on +dam Madianitiscum & ofslea+t hi, for 
+dam +te hi beswicon eow.
<P XXXI,6>
<R 31.6>
MOYSES +da sende sona twelf +dusenda gew+apnodra manna, to
+dam wige caflice.
<R 31.7>
& hi +da ferdon & +d+at folc ofslogon, & +tone cyningc
Balac & Balaam samod; & +d+at land aweston &
+da wif heoldon; & comon to Moyse mid micelre hu+de.
<R 31.14>
Moyses +da yrsode; & axode hwi hi heoldon +da wifmen to
life, +de hi forl+ardon +ar +at +dam 
h+a+dengylde.
<R 31.17>
& het hi +da acwellan ealle +da wif +de weras h+afdon.
<R 31.18>
& het healdan +ta m+adena; Hi didon +ta swa & sige h+afdon
sy+d+dan; & comon to +dam lande +te hi to 
l+adde God, +de he Abrahame behet & his ofsprincge.

<S SAMPLE 8>
[^B8.1.4.6^]
<P II,1>
<R 2.1>
IOSUE +da sona asende twegen sceaweras digellice of Sathin, &
het sceawian +d+at land & +da buruh 
Iericho, hu heo geworht w+are; Hi ferdon +da & comon to anre
myltistran huse heo w+as Raab gehaten & 
gereston hi +d+ar.
<R 2.2>
+da wear+d +dam cyninge gecydd +d+at +d+ar comon sceaweras of
Israhela bearnum, +d+at hi +da burh 
sceawodon, & sende to Raab & het +da sceaweras agyfan.
<R 2.4>
Ac heo h+afde hi behydd, +ar hyre seo h+as to come, on hyre
upflora, & geandwyrde +dus: Ic andytte 
+d+at hi comon to me, ac ic ne cu+de heora f+ar, & hi urnon on
+afnunge ut of +dissere byrig, mid +dam +de
+da burhgata belocene wurdon; efsta+t nu ardlice & ge hi
ofrida+d.
<R 2.7>
Hi +da sona +after ridon idelum f+arelde.
<R 2.8>
& +d+at wif +da spr+ac to +dam behyddum werum: 
<R 2.9>
Ic wat nu to so+dan +d+at God eow syl+d +disne eard; 
witodlice eower ege is on us becumen, & +dis folc is geyrged &
ormod ongean eow.
<R 2.10>
We gehyrdon +d+at Drihten adrigde +da Readan S+a, +da +da ge
ferdon fram Egypta lande, & hu ge ofslogon
sy+d+dan twegen cyningas, Seon & Og, 
<R 2.11>
& aswearc ure mod, & ure gast forhtode to eowrum inf+arelde;
eower Drihten is so+dlice so+d God on heofonum & on eor+dan,
+de ealle +dingc gewylt.
<R 2.12>
Sweria+d me nu +durh Drihten +d+at ge don eft wi+d me swylce
mildheortnysse swa ic macode wi+d eow, & 
sylla+d me sum tacn, +d+at ic sylf beo gehealden, & min
f+ader, & modor & mine gebro+dra & +da +de us to
locia+d, alysa+d fram dea+de.
<R 2.14>
+da cnihtas hyre andwyrdon & mid a+de hyre beheton: +donne
ure Drihten us forgyf+d +disne eard to 
gewealde, we cy+da+d mildheortnysse on +de.
<R 2.15>
Witodlice hire hus w+as on +dam wealle f+ast, & heo let hi ut
mid anum langan rape +durh +d+as huses 
eah+dirl ofer +done weal.
<R 2.16>
& cw+a+d: Fara+d eow nu w+arlice & gewenda+d to muntum &
lutia+d +d+ar +dry dagas, +de l+as +de eow gemeton,
+da +de eow +after ridon, & efsta+d sy+d+dan aweg.
<R 2.17>
Hi cw+adon to +dam wife: We beo+d unscyldige wi+d +de,
+donne we to +disum lande becuma+d, gyf +du l+atst
+disne rap hangian on +dam eh+dyrle, +d+ar +du us ut alete, &
gelangast to +de +dine leofostan frynd, 
f+ader & modor & +dine magas, in to +de.
<R 2.19>
& locehwa ut gange, licge he ofslagen, & se +de on +dam huse
beo, h+abbe fri+d mid +de.
<P II,20>
<R 2.20>
& gyf +du abarast ure spr+ace, we ne beo+d forsworene.
<R 2.21>
+d+at wif him cw+a+d to: Eower cwyde stande.
<R 2.22>
Hi efston +da aweg, swa +d+at wif hi l+arde, & comon to
Iosue & cyddon him eal +dis.
<R 2.24>
Hi s+adon him: To so+dan us syl+d Drihten +dis land; ealle
synd geyrgede, +de eardia+d on +disum lande.
<P III,1>
<R 3.1>
IOSUE +da aras hra+de on +d+are nihte, & astyrode his fyrdwic
for+d to Iordanen, & wicode +dreo niht 
wi+d +da ea on anbidunge.
<R 3.2>
& sende +da bydelas, & bead eallum +dam here: +donne man
eowres Godes earce styra+d mid +dam 
gangendum b+armannum of Leuies cynne, & ge ne cunnon +done weg,
folgia+d eow feorran +d+are earce, & nan man
ne geneal+ace neah +dam arce.
<R 3.5>
& beo+d gehalgode; betwux eow Drihten wyrc+d wundra to
mergen.
<R 3.6>
& he cw+a+d to +dam sacerdum: Nima+d +dis Godes scrin & ga+d
+atforan +dam folce: & +da sacerdas dydon swa
swa Iosue hi het.
<R 3.7>
& Drihten cw+a+d to Iosue: Nu to d+ag ic ongynne +de to
m+arsigenne +atforan Israhela bearnum, +d+at hi 
magon witan +d+at ic wille mid +de beon, swa swa ic mid Moyse
w+as.
<R 3.8>
& +du gewissa +da sacerdas, +da +te +d+at scrin bera+d, +d+at
hi gebidon on +d+are ea.
<R 3.9>
Iosue +da clypode, & cw+a+d to +dam folce: 
<R 3.10>
Be +dam ge magon witan +d+at God wuna+d betwux eow, & +da 
h+a+denan todr+af+d, +de nu habba+d +disne eard on eowre
gesyh+de, for +dan Iordan, seo ea, +atstent on hyre 
ryne; swa +d+at scrin in bi+d geboren, swa ofstynt se stream.
<R 3.14>
+d+at folc ferde +da for+d to +d+are ea, & sona swa +da
b+armen gesetton heora fotl+ast on +d+are ea ofre,
swa +atstod se stream, & ongan to +dindenne ongean, swilce
hit w+are an heah dun, & se +aftra stream
arn ut to +d+are s+a.
<R 3.17>
Hw+at +da sacerdas +da +atstodon on +dam grunde on drigre
moldan on middan +d+are ea, & eal +d+at folc 
ferde for+d ofer +da ea be drium grunde.
<P IV,1>
<R 4.1>
& DRIHTEN cw+a+d to Iosue: 
<R 4.2>
Hat nu twelf weras of +dam twelf m+ag+dum niman twelf stanas 
on middan +d+are ea +d+ar +da sacerdas stodon, & habban for+d 
mid eow to eowre wicstowe & wurpan hi +d+ar.
<R 4.4>
+da dide Iosue swa swa Drihten him bebead, & cw+a+d to +dam
folce: 
<R 4.6>
Gyf eowre bearn eow befrina+d 
eft on uferum dagum, Hw+at do+d +das stanas her?
<R 4.7>
+tonne secge ge to andsware, +d+at seo ea Iordane adruwode,
mid +dam +de ure f+aderas ferdon ofer hi 
mid +dam halgan scrine, & hi beo+d her to gemynde Israhela
bearnum a on ecnysse.
<R 4.8>
+da dydon +da twelf weras swa swa Drihten him bebead, &
namon twelf stanas on +d+as streames ryne; 
h+afdon for+d mid him to heora fyrdwicum.
<R 4.9>
Iosue het eac ahebban o+dre twelf stanas tomiddes +dam
streame, +t+ar hi stodon mid +dam scrine, & hi
+d+ar +durhwunia+d o+d +disne andweardan d+ag.
<R 4.10>
& +d+at folc ferde for+d mid gebylde.
<R 4.14>
On +dam d+age gem+arsode se +almihtiga Drihten Iosue +tone

+a+telan +atforan Israhela folce, +d+at hi hine
ondredon, swa swa hi ondredon Moysen.
<R 4.18>
Mid +dam +de hi ferdon fram +d+are ea Iordanen, +da arn se
stream for+d swa swa he +ar dyde.
<R 4.19>
& hi wicodon on Galgala, on easthealfe Iericho, on +dam
teo+dan d+age +d+as forman mon+des.
<P V,1>
<R 5.1>
+dA geaxodon +da cyningas +de eardodon on +dam leodscypum
+t+at Drihten +da ea Iordanen adrigde +atforan
Israhela bearnum +da +da hi ferdon +d+ar ofer, +da wear+d
heora heorte toslopen & heora gast ne belaf 
on him, for +dan +de hi ondredon Israhela tocymes.
<R 5.2>
Drihten cw+a+d to Iosue on +d+are ylcan tide: Wyrc +de
st+anene sex, & o+dre si+de ymbsny+d Israhela 
bearn.
<R 5.3>
Iosue +da dyde swa swa Drihten him bebead, & Israhela bearn
ealle ymbsna+d uppan +dam beorge +de is 
gehaten (\Preputiorum\) .
<R 5.4>
Heora f+aderas w+aron +ar on Egypto ymbsnydene & seo iugo+d
n+as, +de be +dam wege w+as acenned on +dam
langsumon f+arelde feowerti geara, & +dis is se intinga
+d+are +aftran ymbsnydennysse.
<R 5.8>
Hi gewunodan +d+ar swa on +d+are ylcan wicstowe, o+d +d+at hi
geh+alede wurdon, & heton +da stowe 
Galgala.
<R 5.9>
Drihten cw+a+d to Iosue: Nu to d+ag ic adyde +t+ara
Egyptiscra hosp fram eowrum cynne.
<R 5.10>
Hi wurdon +da on Galgala, & worhton Phase, +d+at is
f+areldfreols, on +dam feowerteo+dan d+age +d+as 
mon+des on +afnunge on Iericho feldum.
<R 5.11>
& +aton of +d+as landes w+astmum on +dam o+drum d+age,
+deorfe hlafas & polentan +d+as ylcan geares.
<R 5.12>
+after +dam +de hi +aton of +d+as eardes w+astmum, him
ateorode se heofonlica mete; ne hi sy+d+dan ne 
onbyrigdon +d+as bigleofan ofer +d+at, ac of +d+as geares
w+astmum Chanaan landes.
<R 5.13>
Mid +dam +de Iosue com on Iericho lande, he geseah +anne wer
wi+d +da fyrde standan mid atogenum 
swurde, & he sona hine axode: Eart +du ures geferes +de ure
wi+derwinna?
<R 5.14>
Se wer him andwyrde: Ic eom ealdor & latteow Drihtnes heres,
& ic hider nu com.
<R 5.15>
Iosue +da feoll sona afyrht to eor+dan, & cw+a+d: Hw+at
spryc+d min hlaford to his +deowan +dus?
<R 5.16>
Se engel him cw+a+d to: Vncnyte +din gescy hra+de of +dinum
fotum, for +dam +de se stede is halig, +de +du
on styntst; & he swa dyde.
<P VI,1>
<R 6.1>
HIERICHO seo burh w+as mid weallum ymbtrymed & f+aste
belocen for +des folces tocyme, & hi ne 
dorston ut faran ne in faran for him.
<R 6.2>
Drihten cw+a+d +da to Iosue: Ic do +das buruh Hiericho on
+dinum gewealde & +done cyning samod & +da 
strengstan weras +de wunia+d on hyre.
<R 6.3>
Fara+d nu six dagas symble ymb +da burh, +alce d+ag +ane &
ealle suwigende; 
<R 6.4>
& seofon sacerdas blawan mid byman eow +atforan.
<R 6.12>
Iosue +da swa dyde, & +da sacerdas b+aron +d+at Godes scrin
ymbe +da burh, +alce d+age +ane.
<R 6.13>
& o+dre seofon blewon mid sylfrenum byman.
<R 6.14>
& hi ealle to fyrdwicon ferdon +after +dam.
<R 6.15>
On +dam seofo+dan d+age hi ferdon seofon si+don ymb +da burh.
<R 6.16>
& on +dam seofo+dan ymbf+arelde, +da +da sacerdas blewon, &
+d+at folc eall hrymde, swa swa Iosue him 
r+adde, +da burston +da weallas, +de +da burh beh+afdon,
endemes to grunde, & hi +da in eodon, +alc man 
swa he stod on +dam ymbgange.
<R 6.17>
Iosue +da clypode, & cw+a+d to +dam folce: Sy +deos burh
amansumod & eall +d+at bi+d on hyre, buton Raab
ana libbe & +da +de locia+d to hyre, for +dan +de heo urum
+arendracum arf+astnysse cydde 
<R 6.18>
& ge nan +dingc ne hreppon on reafe ne on feo, +d+at ge ne 
beon scyldige sceamlicre forg+agednysse, & Israhela 
fyrdwic for synne beo gedrefed.
<R 6.19>
Swa hw+at swa her goldes by+d, +d+at beo Gode gehalgod, & on
seolfre o+d+de on are, eall in to his 
hordum.
<P VI,21>
<R 6.21>
Hi ofslogon +da sona mid swurdes ecge weras & wifmen & +da
wepende cild, hry+dera & scep, assan & 
ealle +dingc.
<R 6.22>
Iosue cw+a+d +da sy+d+dan to +dam fores+adum +arendracum:
Ga+d nu to +dam huse, +d+ar ge behydde w+aron, & 
l+ada+d ut +d+at wif, +de eowrum life geheolp,
& +da +de hyre to locia+d, l+ada+d of +disre byrig.
<R 6.23>
Hy dydon +da swa swa him gedihte Iosue, & l+addon hi of
+d+are byrig mid eallum hyre magum, & hi 
sy+d+dan leofodon mid sibbe betwux him.
<R 6.24>
Hi forb+arndon +da +da burh & +d+at +de binnan hyre w+as.
<R 6.25>
& Iosue b+ad +dus: Beo se awyrged, +de +afre eft
geedsta+delie +das buruh Hiericho.
<R 6.27>
God w+as +da mid Iosue on eallum his weorcum, & his nama
wear+d gewidm+arsod wide geond +d+at land.
<P VII,1>
<R 7.1>
WITODLICE Achar, Charmies sunu, Zabdies suna, Zares suna, of
Iudan m+ag+de, behydde of +dam 
herereafe, +de him forboden w+as, +de Iosue amansumode; & se
+almihtiga God yrsode sona ongean Israhela bearn.
<R 7.2>
+da sende Iosue sceaweras to Hai, +de +d+ar gehende w+as, &
het besceawian +da burh; Hi ferdon +da & 
comon, & cw+adon to Iosue: Ne l+ad +du eal +dis folc to +d+are
lytlan byrig, ac twa +dusenda o+d+de +dreo 
l+at faran +d+arto; Hw+at sceal eall +dis folc on idel beon
geswenct?
<R 7.4>
+da ferdon +dreo +dusenda feohtendra wera to oferwinnenne +da
burh, ac hi wurdon on fleame & sona 
ofslagene, six & +dritig, fram +d+are buruhware, +de him on
b+ac filigdon; +da wear+d Iosue swy+de sarig on
his mode, & eal Israhela folc wurdon afyrhte for +d+are
d+ade.
<R 7.6>
& Iosue feol astreht +atforan Godes scrine, & +da yldestan
men ealle hi astrehton licgende swa o+d 
+afen, & dydon dust uppan heora heafda.
<R 7.7>
Iosue +da clypode, & cw+a+d mid angsumnysse: Wella, min
Drihten God, hwi woldest +du l+adan +dis folc 
hider ofer +das ea, +d+at +du us sealdest on Amorrea handum &
us fordydest?
<R 7.9>
+dis geaxia+d Chananei & cuma+d hider to us, & ealle +das
landleoda belicga+d us mid fyrde & urne 
naman adylegia+d; & hw+at dest +du, Drihten,
+dinum m+aran naman?
<R 7.10>
& Drihten him cw+a+d to: Aris nu, Iosue; hwi list +du neowel
on eor+dan?
<R 7.11>
Israhel syngode & +da gesetnysse gewemde; hi +atbrudon of
+dam herereafe, +de him forboden w+as, & on
heora hordfatum behyddon.
<R 7.12>
Nu n+af+d Israhel n+anne stede wi+d his fynd ac flyh+d
underb+ac, for +dan +de he is besmiten mid +d+are 
amansumunge; ne beo ic lengc mid eow, buton ge +tone fordon +de
+dises gyltes sy scyldig.
<R 7.13>
& +dus secge +dam folce: Beo+d gearwe to mergen: seo
amansumung is on eow.
<R 7.14>
Gegaderia+d eow be m+ag+dum & gange +d+at gehlot fram m+ag+de
to m+ag+de & be manna hiwr+adenum & be 
+anlypegum mannum; 
<R 7.15>
& beo se forb+arned, se +de befangen by+d on
+dam fracodan gylte, mid eallum his +ahtum,
for +dam unrihtum weorce.
<R 7.16>
Hi samnodon hi +da be syndrigum m+ag+dum, & eode +d+at
gehlot swa lange o+d hit becom to +dam ylcan 
men, +de +d+at man gefremode, to +dam fores+adan Achar,
Charmies suna, of Iudan m+ag+de, & he wear+d 
ameldod.
<P VII,20>
<R 7.20>
He andette +da Iosue +atforan him eallum, & cw+a+d: So+dlice
ic syngode; 
<R 7.21>
Ic geseah betwux +dam herereafum wyrmreadne basingc & 
twahund entsa hwites seolfres & sumne gyldene dalc on 
fiftigum entsum, & ic atbr+ad +d+at & behydde on eor+dan 
+atforan minum getelde.
<R 7.22>
Iosue +da sende sona to his getelde, & man funde +da +dingc,
swa swa he fores+ade.
<R 7.24>
& hi l+addon Achar to [{Achores{] dene, mid wife, & mid
cildum, & mid eallum +ahtum, & hine +d+ar 
st+andon & his +dingc forb+arndon.
<R 7.26>
& worhton mid stanum +anne steapne beorh him ofer; & Godes
hatheortnys gecyrde sona fram +dam 
folce.



<B COPARIPS>
<Q O2/3 XX OLDT PPS>
<N PARIS PSALTER>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE PARIS PSALTER.
LIBER PSALMORUM. THE WEST-SAXON PSALMS
BEING THE PROSE PORTION, OR THE 'FIRST FIFTY,'
OF THE SO-CALLED PARIS PSALTER.
THE BELLES-LETTRES SERIES.
ED. J. W. BRIGHT AND R. L. RAMSAY.
BOSTON, U.S.A. AND LONDON: D. C. HEATH
AND CO., 1907.
PSALMS I.1 - XXX.28, PP. 1.4 - 66.24^]

[^B8.2.1^]
<P 1>
<R 1.1> 
Eadig by+d se wer +te ne g+a+d on ge+teaht unrihtwisra, ne on
+tam wege ne stent synfulra, ne on heora
wolb+arendum setle ne sitt.
<R 1.2>
Ac his willa by+d on Godes +a, and ymb his +a he by+d
smeagende d+ages and nihtes.
<R 1.3>
Him by+d swa +tam treowe, +te by+d aplantod neah w+atera
rynum.
<R 1.4>
+T+at syl+d his w+astmas to rihtre tide, and his leaf and
his bl+ada ne fealwia+d, ne ne searia+d; swa
by+d +tam men +te we +ar ymbspr+acon eall him cym+d to gode
+t+at +t+at he de+d.
<R 1.5>
Ac +ta unrihtwisan; ne beo+d na swylce, ne him eac swa ne
limp+d; ac hi beo+d duste gelicran, +tonne hit wind tobl+aw+d.
<R 1.6>
+ty ne arisa+d +ta unrihtwisan on domes d+ag, ne +ta
synfullan ne beo+d on ge+teahte +t+ara rihtwisena.
<P 2>
<R 1.7>
For+tam God wat hwylce weg +ta rihtwisan geearnedon, ac +ta
unrihtwisan cuma+d to witum.
<R 2.1>
Hwy ry+d +alc folc, and hwi smeaga+d hi unnytt?
<R 2.2>
And hwy arisa+d eor+dcynincgas, and ealdormenn cuma+d tosomne
wi+d Gode, and wi+d +tam +te he to hlaforde geceas, and
gesmyrede; Hi cwe+da+d.
<R 2.3>
Utan tobrecan heora bendas, and aweorpan heora geocu of us.
<P 3>
<R 2.4>
Hw+at forstent heora spr+ac, cw+a+d se witega, +teah hi swa
cwe+den; For+tam se God, +te on heofonum ys, hig gehysp+d, and
Drihten hyg gescent.
<R 2.5>
And he clypa+d to him on his yrre, and gedref+d heora
ge+teaht.
<R 2.6>
And ic eam +teah cincg geset fram Gode ofer his +done halgan
munt Syon, to +tam +t+at ic l+are his willan and his +a.
<R 2.7>
For+tan cw+a+d Drihten to me, +tu eart min sunu, nu tod+ag
ic +de acende.
<R 2.8>
Bide me, and ic +te sylle +teoda to agnum yrfe, and +tinne
anwald ic gebr+ade ofer +deoda gem+aro.
<R 2.9>
And ic gedo +t+at +tu heora wylst mid isernre gyrde, and hi
miht swa ea+de abrecan, swa se croccwyrhta m+ag +anne croccan.
<R 2.10>
Ongyta+d nu, kyningas, and leornia+d, ge domeras, +te ofer
eor+dan dema+d.
<R 2.11>
+teowia+d Drihtne, and ondr+ada+d hine, blissia+d on Gode,
and +deah mid ege.
<R 2.12>
Onfo+d lare, +ty l+as eow God yrre weor+de, and +ty l+as ge
wendon of rihtum wege.
<R 2.13>
For+t+am +tonne his yrre by+d on+aled, +tonne beo+d eadige,
+ta +te nu on hine getrywa+d.
<P 4>
<R 3.1>
Eala, Drihten, hwi synt swa manige minra feonda, +tara +te me
swenca+d; for hwi arisa+d swa m+anige wi+d me; Monige cwe+da+d
to minum mode, +t+at hit n+abbe nane h+ale +at his Gode.
<R 3.2>
Ac hit nis na swa hy cwe+da+d; ac +tu eart, butan +alcum
tweon, min fultum, and min wuldor, and +tu ahefst upp min
heafod.
<R 3.3>
Mid minre stemne ic cleopode to Drihtne, and he me gehyrde of
his +tam halgan munte.
<R 3.4>
+ta ongan ic slapan and slep, and eft aras; for+dam +te
Drihten me awehte, and me uppar+arde.
<R 3.5>
For+dam ic me nu na ondr+ade +tusendu folces, +teah hi me
utan ymb+tringen; ac +du, Drihten, aris, and
gedo me halne; for+tam +tu eart [{min{] God.
<P 5>
<R 3.6>
For+dam +tu ofsloge
ealle +ta +de me wi+derwearde w+aron
butan gewyrhton, and +tara synfulra m+agen +tu gebryttest.
<R 3.7>
For+tam on +de ys eall ure h+al, and ure tohopa, and ofer
+tin folc sy +tin bletsuncg.
<R 4.1>
+tonne ic cleopode to +te, +tonne gehyrdest +tu me, Drihten;
for+dam +tu eart se +de me gerihtwisast, and on minum
earfo+dum and nearonessum, +tu me gerymdest.
<R 4.2>
Gemiltsa me, Drihten, and gehyr min gebed.
<P 6>
<R 4.3>
Eala manna bearn, hu lange wylle ge beon swa heardheorte wi+d
Gode; and hwi lufige ge idelnesse, and seca+d leasuncga?
<R 4.4>
Wite ge +t+at God gemyclade his +done gehalgodan, and he me
gehyr+d, +tonne ic him to clypige.
<R 4.5>
+teah hit gebyrige +t+at ge on woh yrsien, ne scule ge hit no
+ty hra+tor +turhteon, +te l+as ge syngien,
and +t+at unriht +t+at ge smeaga+d on [{eowerum{] mode
forl+ata+d, and hreowsia+d +t+as.
<R 4.6>
Offria+d ge mid rihtwisnesse, and bringa+d +ta Gode to lacum,
and hopia+d to Drihtne.
<R 4.7>
Manig man cwy+d, Hwa t+ac+d us teala, and hwa syl+d us +ta
god +te us man geh+at; and is +teah geswutelod
ofer us +tin gifu, +teah hi swa ne cwe+den.
<R 4.8>
+t+at ys +t+at +tu sealdest blisse minre heortan, and +tin
folc gemicladest, and him sealdest geniht hw+ates, and wines,
and eles, and ealra goda, +teah hi his +de ne +dancien.
<R 4.9>
Ac gedo nu +t+at ic mote on +tam genihte, and on +t+are sibbe
slapan, and me gerestan; for+dam +tu, Drihten, synderlice me
gesettest on blisse and on tohopan.
<P 7>
<R 5.1>
Drihten, onfoh min word mid +tinum earum, and ongyt mine
stemne and min gehrop, and +denc +tara worda minra gebeda.
<R 5.2>
For+dam ic gebidde on d+agred to +de; ac gedo +t+at +tu
gehyre min gebed, Drihten.
<R 5.3>
Ic stande on +armergen beforan +de +at gebede, and seo +te;
+t+at is, +t+at ic ongite +tinne willan butan
tweon, and eac +tone wyrce for+dam +tu eart se ylca God +te
nan unriht nelt.
<R 5.4>
Ne mid +te ne wuna+d se yfelwillenda, ne +ta unrihtwisan ne
wunia+d beforan +tinum eagum.
<R 5.5>
+tu hatast ealle +ta +te unriht wyrca+d, and +t+at ne
forl+ata+d, ne his ne hreowsia+d; and +tu fordest +ta
+te symle leasinga speca+d.
<P 8>
<R 5.6>
And +ta manslagan, and +ta swicolan +tu forsyhst.
<R 5.7>
Ic +tonne hopiende to +tinre +t+are myclan mildheortnesse,
ic gange to +tinum huse, Drihten, and me gebidde to +tinum
halgan altare, on +dinum ege.
<R 5.8>
Drihten, l+ad me on +tine rihtwisnesse fram minra feonda
willan; geriht minne weg beforan +tinre ansyne; se weg ys min
weorc.
<R 5.9>
For+dam on minra feonda mu+de is leasuncg, and heora mod is
swi+de idel.
<R 5.10>
Heora mod and heora wilnuncg ys swa deop swa grundleas pytt,
and heora tungan spreca+d symle facn;
ac dem him, Drihten.
<R 5.11>
And gedo +t+at hy n+a gen don +t+at yfel +t+at hy +tenca+d
and spreca+d; ac be +t+are andefne heora unrihtwisnesse
fordrif hi; for+dam hy +de gremia+d, and +tine +teowas,
Drihten.
<R 5.12>
And blissian ealle, +ta +te to +de hopia+d, and f+agnian on
ecnesse: and +tu wuna on him; and f+agnian +tin ealle, +ta +te
lufia+d +tinne naman; 
<R 5.13>
For+tam +tu eart se Drihten +te
gebletsast and geblissast rihtwise; +tu us gecoronadest and
geweor+dadest, and us gescyldst mid +tam scylde +tinre
welwilnesse.
<P 9>
<R 6.1>
Drihten, ne +trea +tu me on +tinum yrre, ne on +tinre
hatheortnesse ne swenc me.
<R 6.2>
Ac miltsa me, Dryhten, for+tam ic eom unhal, and geh+al me,
for+tam eall min m+agn, and eal min ban synt gebrytt and
gedrefed, and min sawl, and min mod ys swy+de gedrefed.
<R 6.3>
Eala, Drihten, hu lange wylt +tu +t+at hit on +dam sy;
gehwyrf, la Drihten, to me, and alys mine sawle, and gedo me
halne for +tinre mildheortnesse.
<R 6.4>
For+dam +ta deadan, +te on helle beo+d, +tin ne gemunan, ne
+de andeta+d, ne ne heria+d, swa swa we do+d.
<R 6.5>
Ic swince on minre granunge, and +alce niht 
<P 10>
on minum bedde ic sice and wepe, and hwilum min bedd 
w+ate mid tearum.
<R 6.6>
Mine eagan synt gedrefede for yrre, and ic eom forealdod
betweoh eallum minum feondum.
<R 6.7>
Gewita+d fram me ealle +ta +te unriht wyrca+d; for+dam +te
Drihten hyrde mine wependan stefne, and God
gehyrde mine healsunge, and Drihten onfeng min gebed.
<R 6.8>
Sceamian heora for+di, and syn gedrefede ealle mine fynd; and
gan hy on earsling, and sceamien heora swi+de hr+adlice.
<R 7.1>
Drihten, min God, to +te ic hopige; alys me fram eallum +tam
+te min ehta+d, and gefri+da me.
<P 11>
<R 7.2>
+t+at n+afre mine fynd ne gripen mine sawle swa swa leo;
for+tam ic nat ealles hwa me ahredde and geh+ale, butan +tu
wylle.
<R 7.3>
Drihten, min God, gif ic to +tisum, +te me nu swenca+d, +t+as
geearnod h+abbe, +t+at hi nu do+d, o+d+de +anig
unriht wi+d hi gedon h+abbe.
<R 7.4>
O+d+de fur+dum him
gulde yfel wi+d yfle, swa swa hi hit geworhton; +tonne ofslean
me mine fynd orwigne, n+as +tas +te mine frynd beon sceoldon.
<R 7.5>
And secan mine fynd mine sawle, and +ta gefon, and oftreden
on eor+dan min lif, and minne weor+dscipe to duste gewyrcen.
<R 7.6>
Aris, Drihten, of +tinum yrre, and s+ar on minra feonda
mearce, and geweor+da +te sylfne +tara.
<R 7.7>
Aris, Drihten, to +tinum gehate, and do swa swa +tu gehete;
+t+at w+as +t+at +tu woldest helpan unscyldegum gif +tu swa
dest, +tonne cym+d swi+de mycel folc to +tinum +teowdome.
<R 7.8>
And +tu uppastihst, and hi mid +te l+atst to heofonum:
Drihten, dem folcum, and dem me.
<R 7.9>
Drihten, dem me +after minum gewyrhtan, and dem me +after
minre unsc+a+dfulnesse.
<R 7.10>
Geenda nu +t+at yfel +t+ara unrihtwisra, and gerece and
ger+ad +ta rihtwisan; +tu, Drihten, +te smeast heortan, and
+adra, and manna ge+tohtas.
<P 12>
<R 7.11>
Mid rihte we seca+d fultum to +te, Drihten; for+dam +tu
geh+alst +ta heortan rihtra ge+tohta.
<R 7.12>
+te Drihten, +te is rihtwis dema, and strang and ge+tyldig,
hw+a+der he yrsige +alce d+age; Bute ge to him gecyrren,
se deofol cwec+d his sweord to eow.
<R 7.13>
And he bende his bogan, se is nu gearo to sceotanne; he
teoha+d +t+at he scyle sceotan +t+at dea+des
f+at, +t+at synt +ta unrihtwisan he gede+d his flan fyrena,
+t+at he m+age mid sceotan and b+arnan +ta +te her byrna+d on
wr+annesse, and on un+deawum.
<R 7.14>
He cen+d +alc unriht, and hit cym+d him sare, and his
geferum.
<R 7.15>
He adylf+d +tone pytt, and he hine ontyn+d, and on +tone
ylcan befyl+d.
<R 7.16>
Gehweorfe his sar on his heafod, and on his br+agn astige his
unriht.
<R 7.17>
Ic +tonne andette Drihtne +after his rihtwisnesse, and herie
his +done hean naman, and lofige.
<P 13>
<R 8.1>
He cw+a+d Eala, Drihten ure God, hu wundorlic +tin nama ys
geond ealle eor+dan.
<R 8.2>
For+tam ahefen ys +tin myclung ofer heofonas; ge fur+dum, of
+d+ara cilda mu+de, +te meolc suca+d, +tu byst hered, 
<R 8.3>
+t+at hi
do+d to bysmore +tinum feondum; for+dam +tu towyrpest +tine
fynd, and ealle +ta +te unrihtwisnesse ladia+d and scylda+d.
<R 8.4>
Ic ongite nu +t+at weorc +tinra fingra, +t+at synd heofonas,
and mona, and steorran, +ta +tu astealdest.
<R 8.5>
Drihten, hw+at is se mann, +te +tu swa myclum amanst; o+t+te
hw+at is se mannes sunu, +te +tu oftr+adlice
neosast?
<P 14>
<R 8.6>
+tu hine gedest lytle l+assan +tonne englas, +tu hine
gewuldrast and geweor+dast, and him sylst heafodgold to
m+ar+de, and +tu hine gesetest ofer +tin handgeweorc.
<R 8.7>
Ealle gesceafta +tu legst under his fet, and under his
anwald; sceap and hry+dera, and ealle eor+dan nytenu; 
<R 8.8>
Fleogende fuglas, and s+afiscas, +ta fara+d geond
+ta s+awegas.
<R 8.9>
Drihten, Drihten, ure God, hu wuldorlic +tin nama ys geond
ealle eor+dan.
<P 15>
<R 9.1>
Ic andette Drihtne on ealre minre heortan, and ic bodige 
ealle +dine wundra.
<R 9.2>
And ic blissige, and f+agnige, and herige +tinne naman, +du
hea God; 
<R 9.3>
For+dam +du gehwyrfdest mine fynd under b+ac, and hi
w+aron geuntrumode, and forwurdon beforan +dinre ansyne.
<R 9.4>
For+dam +tu demst minne dom and mine spr+ace,
and eall for me dydest +t+at ic don sceolde: +du sitst on
+dam hean setle, +tu +de symle demst swi+de rihte.
<R 9.5>
+du +dreast and bregst +ta +deoda +te us +dreatiga+d, and +da
unrihtwisan forweor+da+d; and +du adilgas heora naman on
worulda woruld.
<R 9.6>
Seo redelse, and +t+at ge+teaht urra feonda geteorode, +da hi
hit endian sceoldan, and heora +tu towurpe ealle.
<R 9.7>
And heora gemynd onweg gewat mid +tam myclan hlisan, and
Drihten +turhwuna+d on ecnesse.
<R 9.8>
And he gearwa+d his domsetl, and he dem+d ealre eor+tan
swy+de emne.
<R 9.9>
He dem+d folcum mid rihte, he ys geworden fri+dstow
+dearfendra.
<R 9.10>
And gefultumend +tu eart, Drihten, +at +alcere 
<P 16>
+dearfe; for+dy hopia+d to +te, ealle +ta +de 
witan +tinne naman.
<R 9.11>
For+dam +tu ne forl+atst nanne +tara +te +de sec+d; heria+d
for+di Drihten, +tone +de earda+d on Sion.
<R 9.12>
And bodia+d betweoh folcum his wundru; for+dam
he nis na ofergeotol +tara gebeda his +tearfena, ac
he is swy+te gemyndig heora blod to wrecanne.
<R 9.13>
Gemiltsa me, Drihten, and geseoh mine ea+dmetto, hu earmne me
habba+d gedon mine fynd; for+dam +tu eart se ylca God, +te me
uppahofe fram dea+des gatum, to +tam +t+at ic bodade eall
+tin lof on +dam geatum +t+are burge Hierusalem.
<R 9.14>
Ic f+agnie on +tinre h+alo, +de +tu me sylest; and +da +deoda
+te min ehta+d syn af+astnode on +dam ylcan earfo+dum, +te hi
me geteohhod h+afdon, and heora fet synt gefangene mid +ty
ilcan gryne, +te hi me gehyd and gehealden h+afdon.
<R 9.15>
For+tam by+d Drihten on his rihtum domum, and on his
handgeweorce by+d gefangen se synfulla.
<R 9.16>
And +ta unrihtwisan beo+d gehwyrfede to helle, and +alc folc
+t+ara +de God forgyt.
<R 9.17>
For+tam God ne forgyt his +dearfan o+d heora ende, ne heora
ge+tyld ne forweor+d o+t ende.
<P 17>
<R 9.18>
Aris, Drihten, +ty l+as
se yfelwillenda m+age don +t+at he wille; and gedo +t+at
eallum folcum sy gedemed beforan +de.
<R 9.19>
Gesete, Drihten, ofer hy sumne anwald, +t+at hig gel+are
+t+at hy witon +t+at hi men synt.
<R 9.20>
Drihten, hwi gewitst +tu swa feor fram us, and hwi noldest
+tu cuman to us, to +t+are tide +te us nyd+tearf w+as?
<R 9.21>
+tonne se unrihtwisa ofermodega+d, +tonne by+d se earma
+dearfa on+aled and gedrefed, and eac geunrotsod; ac weor+don
+ta unrihtwisan gefangene on +tam ge+tohtum, +te hi ge+toht
habba+d.
<R 9.22>
For+tam se synfulla by+d hered +t+ar he his yfelan willan
wyrc+d, and hine bletsia+d +ta yfelan for his
yfelan d+adum.
<R 9.23>
Se synfulla bysmra+d Drihten, and for +t+are menigu his
unrihtes, he ne ge+denc+d +t+at God hit m+ag gewrecan.
<R 9.24>
For+tam he ne de+d God beforan his modes ansyne; for+tam
beo+d his wegas and his weorc ealneh uncl+ane.
<R 9.25>
For+tam he n+af+d nan gemynd Godes doma beforan his ansyne,
+t+at he m+age rixian, and wealdan ealra his feonda, and don
him to yfele +t+at +t+at he wylle.
<P 18>
<R 9.26>
And he cwy+d on his mode, Ne wyr+d +tisses n+afre nan
wending, butan mycelre frecennesse minra feonda.
<R 9.27>
His mu+d by+d symle full wyrignessa, and bitera worda, and
facnes, and searuwa.
<R 9.28>
And under his tungan by+d ealne weg o+tera manna sar and
geswinc; he syt symle on ge+teahte mid +tam
welegum dygollice, to +tam +t+at he m+age fordon +ta
unsce+d+tendan.
<R 9.29>
And +treata+d +tone earman mid his eagum, and setta+d his
digollice, swa swa leo [{de+d{] of his hole.
<R 9.30>
He s+ata+d +t+at he bereafige +tone earman, and +t+as
wilna+d; and +tonne he hine gefangen hafa+d mid his gryne,
+tonne gen+at he hine, and +tonne he hine h+af+d
gewyldne, +tonne agin+d he sylf sigan, o+d+de afyl+d.
<R 9.31>
He cw+a+d +ar on his mode, Ne ge+tenc+d God +tyllices,
ac ahwyrf+d his eagan, +t+at he hit n+afre ne gesyh+d.
<R 9.32>
Aris, Drihten, min God, and ahefe upp +tine hand ofer +da
unrihtwisan, and ne forgit +tone +tearfan on ende.
<R 9.33>
For+tam bysmra+d se unrihtwisa Drihten; for+dam he cwy+d on
his mode, Ne rec+t God, +teah ic +tus do.
<P 19>
<R 9.34>
Gesyhst +tu nu, cw+a+d se witega to Drihtne hwylc broc, and
hwylc sar we +tolia+d and +trowia+d; Nu hit
w+are cyn +t+at +tu hit him wr+ace mid +tinre handa; Ic
+tearfa eom, nu to +de forl+aten; +tu eart fultumiend +tara
+te nabba+d naw+der ne f+ader ne modor.
<R 9.35>
+tu forbrycst +tone earm, and +t+at m+agen +t+as synfullan;
for+ty, +teah hine hwa ahsode, forhwi he swa dyde; +tonne ne
mihte he hit na gereccan, ne ge+tafa beon nolde, +t+at he
untela dyde.
<R 9.36>
Drihten rixa+d on ecnesse, on +tisse worulde ge on +t+are
toweardan; for+t+am weor+da+d aworpene +ta synfullan of
+ag+drum his rica.
<R 9.37>
Drihten gehyr+d +ta wilnunga his +tearfena, and heora modes
gyrnesse gehyra+d +tine earan.
<R 9.38>
Dem nu, Drihten, +tearfe +t+as earman, and +t+as ea+dmodan,
+t+at se awyrgeda ne ece, +t+at he hine leng myclie ofer
eor+dan.
<P 20>
<R 10.1>
Hwy l+are me +t+at ic fleo geond muntas and geond westenu,
swa spearwa; for+tam ic getrywe Drihtne?
<R 10.2>
Ic wat +teah, for+tam +te +ta synfullan benda+d heora bogan,
and fylla+t heora coceras mid flanum, to +tam +t+at hi magon
sceotan +ta unscyldigan heortan dygollice, +tonan hi l+ast
wena+d.
<R 10.3>
For+tam hi wilnia+d +t+as +te hi magon, +t+at hi toweorpen
+t+at God geteohhad h+af+d to wyrcanne: hw+at dyde
ic unscyldega wi+d hi, o+t+te hw+at m+ag ic nu don?
<R 10.4>
Drihten ys on his halgan
temple, se Drihten se +t+as setl ys on heofenum.
<R 10.5>
His egan locia+d on his earman +tearfan, his br+awas +t+at ys
his rihta dom ahsa+d manna bearn.
<R 10.6>
Se ylca Drihten ahsa+d rihtwise and unrihtwise; +t+at heora
+ag+der secge hw+at he dyde, +t+at he him m+age gyldan be
heora gewyrhtum for+dam se +te lufa+d unriht, he hata+d his
agene sawle.
<R 10.7>
Drihten onsent manegra cynna witu, swa swa ren, ofer +da
synfullan; and hi gewyrp+d mid grine, and
he onsent fyr ofer hig, and ungemetlice 
<P 21>
h+ato +t+are sunnan, and wolberende windas, 
mid +tyllicum, and mid manegum +tyllicum 
beo+d heora drincfatu gefyldu.
<R 10.8>
For+tam God ys swy+de rihtwis, and he lufa+d rihtwisnesse,
and heo by+d symle swy+de emn beforan him.
<R 11.1>
Geh+al me, Drihten, for+tam haligdom is nu on +tisum tidum
full neah asprungen, and so+df+astnes ys swy+de gelytlod.
<P 22>
<R 11.2>
Idle spr+aca hi spreca+d to heora nyhstum, facen hi spreca+d
mid heora weolorum; for+tam hi nabba+d on
heora mode, +t+at hi on heora mu+de spreca+d, ac +tenca+d
yfel, +teah hi hwilum tela cwe+den.
<R 11.3>
Ac Drihten towyrp+d ealle +ta facnesfullan weoloras, and +ta
oferspr+acan, and +ta yfelspr+acan tungan.
<R 11.4>
+ta +te teohhia+d +t+at hi scylen hi sylfe weor+dian mid
idelre spr+ace; hy cwe+da+d, Hwi ne synt we mu+dfreo, hu ne
moton we sprecan +t+at we wylla+d, hw+at ondr+ade
we hwylc hlaford m+ag us forbeodan urne willan?
<R 11.5>
Ac Drihten cwy+d, For yrm+dum +t+ara w+adlena, and for
granunge +t+ara +tearfena, ic arise.
<R 11.6>
Ac hi sette on mine h+alo, and ic do swy+de treowlice ymb hy.
<R 11.7>
Godes word cw+a+d Dauid beo+d swi+de so+d, and swi+de cl+anu;
hy beo+d swa hluttur swa +t+at seolfor, +te by+t seofon si+don
amered, sy+t+tan se ora adolfen by+d.
<R 11.8>
+tu, Drihten, geh+alst us, and gefreo+dast fram heora yfle on
ecnesse.
<R 11.9>
+deah +ta unrihtwisan us utan began on +alce healfe, and
heora sy mycle ma +tonne ure; +teah +tu us tobr+adst ongean
hy, and wi+d hi gefri+dast.
<P 23>
<R 12.1>
Hu lange wilt +tu, Drihten, min forgitan, hw+a+der +tu o+d
minne ende wylle; o+d+de hu lange wilt +tu ahwyrfan +tinne
andwlitan fram me?
<R 12.2>
Hu lange sceal ic settan on mine sawle +tis sorhfulle
ge+teaht, and +tis sar +at minre heortan; hw+a+ter ic +alce
d+age scyle?
<R 12.3>
Hu lange sceal min feond beon uppahafen ofer me; Beseoh to
me, Drihten, min God, and gehyr me.
<R 12.4>
Onliht mine eagan, +t+at hi n+afre ne slapan on swylcum
dea+de.
<R 12.5>
[{+Ty{] l+as +afre min feond cwe+de, Ic eom strengra +tonne
he; +ta +te me swenca+d hy f+agnia+d 
<P 24>
gif ic onstyred beo; ac ic +teah on +tine mildheortnesse 
gelyfe.
<R 12.6>
Min heorte blissa+d on +tinre h+alo, and ic singe +tam Gode
+te me eall god syle+d, and lofie +tinne naman, +tu hehsta God.
<R 13.1>
Se unrihtwisa cwy+d on his mode, Nis nan God +te +tis wite,
o+d+de wr+ace:
+tonne by+d +t+at folc for +tam cwyde gewemmed,
and gescynded on heora wonwillan.
<R 13.2>
Nis nan +te eallunga wel do, no for+don anlepe.
<R 13.3>
Drihten loca+d of heofenum ofer manna bearn, 
<P 25>
and hawa+d hw+a+der he geseo +anigne +t+ara, +te hine sece,
o+t+te hine ongite.
<R 13.4>
Ac hi hine fleo+d ealle endemes, and seca+d and lufia+d +t+at
hy syn idle and unnytte: nis heora fur+dum an, +te eallunga
wel do.
<R 13.5>
Hi synt byrgenum gelice, seo by+d utan f+ager, and innan ful;
heora tungan wyrca+t mycel facn: +teah hi f+agere sprecon,
heora ge+teaht, and heora willa, and heora weorc, by+d swylce
+t+are wyrrestan n+adran attor, +ta mon (\aspis\) h+at.
<R 13.6>
+Dara mu+d by+d symle full wyrignessa, and bitera worda, heora
fet beo+d swi+de hra+de blod to ageotanne, un+tearfes, for
yflum willan.
<R 13.7>
And heora wegas beo+t symle gedrefede; hie wilnia+d ealle
m+agne o+tera manna
uns+al+ta, and him cym+d sylfum +t+at ylce: ne seca+d hi nane
sibbe.
<R 13.8>
Ne Godes ege ne by+d beforan heora modes eagum; Hwi ne
ongita+d ealle, +te unriht wyrca+d.
<R 13.9>
+Ta +te wilnia+d fretan min folc swa +anne hl+af; +ta ne
clypia+d to Gode mid godum weorcum: hwi ne ongita+d hi, +t+at
him cym+d, +tonne hi l+ast wena+d, ege and ungelimp?
<R 13.10>
Hwy ne ongita+d hi, +t+at God by+d mid +tam rihtwisran folce;
Hwi gedrefe ge mines yrminges ge+teaht; for+tam God ys min
ge+teaht.
<P 26>
<R 13.11>
Hwa arist elles of Syon to +t+am +t+at he sylle Israelum
h+alo, butan +tu, Drihten, +te afyrst h+aftnyd of +tinum folce?
<R 13.12>
Blissie nu, Iacobes cyn, and f+agnian Israele.
<R 14.1>
Drihten, hwa earda+d on +tinum temple, o+d+de hwa mot hine
gerestan on +t+am halgan munte?
<R 14.2>
+ta andswarode Drihten +t+as witgan mode, +turh onbryrdnesse
+t+as halgan gastes; and cw+a+d se witga, Ic
wat, +teah ic ahsige, Hwa +t+ar 
<P 27>
earda+d; Se +te ing+a+d butan wamme, and wyrc+d rihtwisnesse.
<R 14.3>
And se +te spryc+d rihtwisnesse mid his tungan, and n+af+d
nan facn on his mode.
<R 14.4>
Ne his nyhstan nan yfel ne de+d, ne nan edwit ne underfeh+d
wi+d his nyhstan.
<R 14.5>
And se +te +tone awyrgdan for nawuht h+af+d, and se +te +tone
rihtwisan weor+ta+d, +tone +te Godes ege h+af+d.
<R 14.6>
Se +te his nyhstan swere+d, and hine mid treowum
ne beswic+d, and se +te his feoh to unrihtum w+astmsceatte ne
syle+d, ne nanes feos ne wilna+d +at +tam unscyldigan onfon.
<R 14.7>
Se +te +tus de+d, ne wyr+d he n+afre astyred, ne scynd, on
ecnesse.
<P 28>
<R 15.1>
Gehealde me, Drihten, for+tam ic hopige to +de: hu ne s+ade
ic +te, Drihten, +t+at +tu eart min God; for+tam [{+tu{] me
eall +ta good sealdest +te ic h+abbe, and +te heora nan
nyd+terf nis eft on me to nimene.
<R 15.2>
Drihten gefylde ealne minne willan, and me forgeaf, +t+at ic
moste ofercuman +ta +teoda, +te me unge+dw+are w+aron, and
heora hergas toweorpan, +after minum agnum willan.
<R 15.3>
Heora unmiht, and heora untrym+d is swi+de gemanifealdod; nu
swy+de hra+de hi forwur+da+d.
<R 15.4>
Ne gaderie ic nan folc to unrihtum gewinne, swa swa hi do+d;
ne ic ne clypige to heora godum, ne to heargum ne gebidde mid
mine mu+de.
<R 15.5>
For+tam +tu, Drihten, eart se d+al mines yrfes, and se calic
minre blisse; and +tu eart se +te me geedniwodest min rice.
<R 15.6>
+tu gedydest +t+at we m+atan ure land mid rapum, and min hlyt
gefeoll ofer +t+at betste; for+tam is min land nu forem+are,
and me swy+de unbleo.
<R 15.7>
Ic bletsige +tone Drihten, +te me sealde andgit; ac +teah he
me +tara uterrena gewinna gefreode, +teah winna+d wi+d me +ta
inran unrihtlustas, 
<P 29>
d+ages and nihtes, +t+at ic ne eom +teah
eallunga orsorh.
<R 15.8>
Ic ongite Drihten, and he by+d symle beforan +t+are ansyne
mines modes; for+t+am he bi+d symle on minum
fultume, +t+at ic ne beo eallunga oferswi+ded.
<R 15.9>
For +t+am +tingum, min mod is gelustfullod, and ic cy+de +ta
blisse on minre tungan, and on +t+am tohopan ic me sy+d+dan
gereste.
<R 15.10>
For+t+am +tu ne forl+atst mine sawle, ne min mod to helle; ne
+tinne gehalgodan ne l+atst forrotian, ne forweor+dan.
<R 15.11>
+tu me gedydest lifes wegas cu+de, and gefylst me mid gefean,
beforan +tinre ansyne; for +alc riht lustb+arnes cym+d +turh
+tinne fultum, +t+am +te heo cim+d on ecnesse.
<P 30>
<R 16.1>
Gehyr, Drihten, min gebed, and ongit mine rihtwisnesse.
<R 16.2>
And onfoh mid +tinum earum min gebed; for+ton +tu wast +t+at
ic butan facne to +te cleopige: beforan +te
sy se dom betwuh me and him; geseon +tine eagan +tone rihtan
dom betwuh us.
<R 16.3>
+tu h+afst afandod min mod, and +tu come to me on niht, and
me gemettest unrotne, and me sude mid +tam fyre monegra
earfo+da, swa
swa gold o+t+te seolfor; and +tu ne fundest on me nan unriht
wi+t hi.
<R 16.4>
Ne ic fur+dum nanum menn ne s+ade eal +ta earfo+da, +te hi me
dydon; for +tam wordum +tinra weolora ic ge+tolode hearde
wegas, and manigfeald earfo+du.
<R 16.5>
Geriht, Drihten, mine st+apas on +tine wegas, +t+at ic ne
aslide, +t+ar +t+ar ic st+appan scyle.
<R 16.6>
For+tam ic clypige symle to +te, for+tam +tu symle me
gehyrdest; onhyld nu +tine earan to me, and gehyr min word.
<R 16.7>
Gewundra nu, and geweor+da +tine mildheortnesse on me, +tu
+te symle geh+alst +ta +te to +de hopia+d, and
hi gehyldst wi+d +ta +te winna+d wi+d +tinne willan.
<R 16.8>
Geheald me, Drihten, and beorh me, swa 
<P 31>
swa man byrh+d +tam +aplum on his eagum mid his br+awum; gehyd
me under +tinra fi+dera sceade, wi+d +tara unrihtwisena
ansyne, +te wilnia+d +t+at hi me fordon.
<R 16.9>
Mine fynd me ymbhringdon utan on +alce healfe,
and hi habba+d ealle heora f+atnesse, and heora tohopan,
and heora weolan, swi+te orsorhlice utan bewunden, and
spreca+d nu for+ti swi+de ofermodlice.
<R 16.10>
Hy habba+d me swy+de forsewenlice utan ymbstanden; +ta eagan
heora modes habba+d geteohhad, +t+at hi me
gebygen o+d eor+dan.
<R 16.11>
Hy s+atia+d min, and sitta+d swa gearwe swa seo leo de+d to
+tam +te he gefon wyle, and swa swa his hwelp by+d gehyd +at
+t+are s+ate.
<R 16.12>
Aris, Drihten, and cum to me +ar hie cumen, and gehwyrfe hi
fram me, and ahrede mine sawle +at +tam unrihtan wisan,
and of +t+are wr+ace minra feonda alys me, mid +tinre handa,
and mid +tine m+agene.
<R 16.13>
Drihten, gedo +t+at heora menigo sy l+asse +tonne ure feawena
nu is, and tostencte hi geond eor+tan libbende of +tis lande;
gefyl hie nu mid +t+are witnunga, +te +tu lange gehyd h+afdest,
and +teah him geteohhod.
<P 32>
<R 16.14>
Weor+ten hi swa ge+dr+aste mid hungre, +t+at hi eton
swynenfl+asc +t+at Iudeum
unalyfedlic ys to etanne and +t+at +t+at hi l+afon healdan
heora bearnum and heora bearna bearnum.
<R 16.15>
Ic +tonne rihtwis me o+dywe beforan +tinre ansyne, and beo
+tonne gefylled ealles goodes, +tonne me by+d [{+ateawed{]
+din wuldor.
<R 17.1>
Ic +te lufige, Drihten, for+t+am +tu eart min m+agen;
Drihten, +tu eart min trymenes, and min fri+dstow.
<P 33>
<R 17.2>
+tu eart min alysend, and min God, and min gefultumend, to
+te ic hopige.
<R 17.3>
+tu eart min scyldere, and se horn minre h+alo, +tu eart min
[{fultumend{] ; herigende ic clypige to +te,
Drihten, and fram minum feondum ic weor+de ahredd.
<R 17.4>
Me ymbhringdon sar, and sorga, and granung, ful neah o+d
dea+d; and geotende stream unrihtwisnessa
minra wi+derweardra me gedrefdon.
<R 17.5>
Me ymbhringdon sar and manigfeald witu, ful neah anlic helle
witum, and dea+des grynu me gefengon,
and on eallum minum earfo+dum ic clypige to Drihtne, and to
minum Gode ic cige.
<R 17.6>
And he gehyrde of his +tam halgan temple mine stemne, and
min gehrop com beforan his ansyne, and
eac on his earan hit eode.
<R 17.7>
And astyred w+as and acwacode seo eor+de minra feonda, and se
grundweall +tara munta w+as tohrered; +t+at is +t+at m+agen
minra ofermodena feonda hy w+aron astyrede, for+tam him w+as
God yrre.
<R 17.8>
For+tam astah smec for his yrre, and fyr blysede beforan his
ansyne.
<R 17.9>
Gleda w+aron on+alde fram him; he on+alde heofonas, and astah
me on fultum; and seo 
<P 34>
eor+de w+as gesworcen and a+dystrod
under his fotum.
<R 17.10>
And he astah eft ofer cherubin, and he fleah; and he fleah
ofer winda fi+deru.
<R 17.11>
And let [{betwux{] him
and minum feondum, +t+at he n+afre gesewen fram him, and he
w+as +teah swi+de leoht on his temple; +ta hangode swi+de
+tystru w+ater on +tam wolcnum, and on +t+are lyfte.
<R 17.12>
And +ta urnan swa swa [{ligetu{] beforan his ansyne, and he
gemengde hagol and fyres gleda.
<R 17.13>
And worhte +tunorrada on heofonum, and se hyhsta sealde his
stemne.
<R 17.14>
He sende his [{str+alas{] , and hi tostencte, and
gemanigfealdode his ligeta, and gedrefde hig mid +ty.
<R 17.15>
And eor+dan w+ater ut fleowan, and seo eor+de w+as astyred,
and on manegum stowum gehropen; 
<R 17.16>
For +tinum +trean, and for +tinum yrre.
<R 17.17>
Drihten sende of his heanesse, and ahredde me +at +tam
oferm+atum w+aterum.
<R 17.18>
And of minum strengestum feondum, and for eallum +tam +te
me hatedon; for+tam hi w+aron gestrangode ofer me.
<P 35>
<R 17.19>
Hie me bregdon swi+de swi+dlice on +tam dagum, +te
ic ge+tr+asted w+as, and Drihten w+as geworden min scyld,
and he me gel+adde on rymet of minum nearonessum, and
gedyde me halne, for+tam he me wolde.
<R 17.20>
And he me geald +after minre rihtwisnesse, and +after +t+are
unsc+a+dfulnesse minra handa he me geald.
<R 17.21>
For+tam ic heold Godes wegas, and his bebodu, and ic ne
dyde arleaslice, ne unhyrsumlice wi+d minne Drihten.
<R 17.22>
For+tam ealle his domas beo+d symle beforan minre ansyne,
and his rihtwisnessa ic ne awearp fram me.
<R 17.23>
For+di ic weor+de unwemme beforan him, and ic me behealde
wi+d min unriht.
<R 17.24>
And me gylt Drihten +after minre rihtwisnesse, and +after
+t+are unsc+a+dfulnesse minra handa beforan his eagum.
<R 17.25>
Ac beo +tu halig, Drihten, wi+d +ta halgan, and unsce+dfull
wi+d +ta unsce+dfullan, and gecoren wi+d +ta gecorenan, and
hwyrf +te wi+d +ta forhwyrfdan.
<R 17.26>
For+tam ic wat +t+at +tu symle eadmod folc geh+alpst, and
+ta eagan +tara [{ofermodena{] +tu geea+dmetst.
<P 36>
<R 17.27>
For+tam +tu on+alest min leohtf+at; Drihten, min God,
onlyht mine +tystru.
<R 17.28>
For+tam ic weor+de fram +te alysed +at costingum, and,
+turh mines Godes fultum, ic utgange ofer minre burge weall,
+teah heo sy utan behringed mid minum feondum.
<R 17.29>
Drihten, min God, unwemme synt +tine wegas: Godes word synt
amered on fyre; he is gefri+tiend +alces +tara, +te him
tohopa+d.
<R 17.30>
Hwylc ys God butan uran Gode; o+d+de hwylc Drihten butan urum
Drihtne?
<R 17.31>
Se God me gegyrde mid m+agnum, and mid cr+aftum, and gesette
mine wegas unw+amme.
<R 17.32>
He gedyde mine fet swa ger+ade swa swa heorotum, and me
gesette ofer heanesse.
<R 17.33>
He gel+arde mine handa to gefeohte, and he gedyde mine earmas
swa strange swa +arenne bogan.
<R 17.34>
And +tu, Drihten, sealdest me gescyldnesse +tinre h+alo, and
+tin swi+dre hand me underfeng, and +tin lar me getyde.
<R 17.35>
+tu gebr+addest mine st+apas under me, +t+at mine fet ne
slideredon.
<R 17.36>
Ic ehte minra feonda, and ic hie gefeng, and ic ne geswac,
+ar hie forwurdon; ic hie gebigde +t+at hie ne mihton
gestandan ongean me, ac feollon under mine fet.
<P 37>
<R 17.37>
+tu me begyrdest mid m+agenum, and mid cr+aftum to wige;
<R 17.38>
+tu gedydest me under+teodde +ta +te wi+d me upparison,
and minra feonda b+ac +tu onwendest to me, and me
hine gesealdest, and +tu tostenctest +ta +te me hatedon.
<R 17.39>
Hy clypodon, and n+as +tara +te hig geh+alde; hy clypodon to
heora godum, and hy noldon gehyran.
<R 17.40>
For+tam ic hi tod+alde swa sm+ale, and swa swa dust beforan
winde, and hi adilgode swa swa wind de+d
dust on herestr+atum.
<R 17.41>
Gefri+da me, Drihten,
wi+d +tises folces unhyrsumnesse; for+tam +tu me gesettest him
to heafde, and eac o+drum +deodum.
<R 17.42>
And +t+at folc me +teowode, +t+at ic n+afre ne cu+de; hy
onhyldan heora earan to minum wordum, and gehyrdon me.
<R 17.43>
Ac +ta +al+deodgan bearn me oflugon, and, +teah hi
forealdedon on minum +deowdome, hy healtodan on heora wegum,
for+tam hi hyra willum ne heoldon Iudea +a.
<R 17.44>
Min Drihten leofa+d symle, and he by+d symle gebletsad, and
he is upahafen, Drihten min H+alend.
<R 17.45>
+Tu eart so+d God, +tu +te me sealdest +t+at ic 
<P 38>
meahte swylc wite don minum feondum, and me 
swylc folc under+tydes.
<R 17.46>
+Tu eart min alysend fram +tam +teodum +te wi+d me yrsia+d,
and me upp ahefst ofer +da +te arison wi+d me, and fram +tam
unrihtwisan were +tu me alysdest.
<R 17.47>
For+tam ic +de andette, Drihten, beforan folcum, and on
+tinum naman ic singe sealmas.
<R 17.48>
Gemicla nu, and gemonigfealda +ta h+alo +t+as cynges, +de +du
gesettest ofer folcum; and do mildheortnesse +tinum gesmyredan
Dauide, and his cynne on ecnesse.
<R 18.1>
Heofonas bodia+d Godes wuldor, and his handgeweorc bodia+d
+tone rodor.
<P 39>
<R 18.2>
Se d+ag seg+d +tam o+drum d+age Godes wundru, and seo niht
+t+are nihte cy+d Godes wisdom.
<R 18.3>
Nis nan folc on eor+dan, ne nan mennisc ge+teode, +te ne gyre
mistlica Godes gesceafta.
<R 18.4>
Ofer ealle eor+dan f+ar+d heora stemn, ofer ealle eor+dan
endas heora word.
<R 18.5>
Drihten timbrede his templ on +t+are sunnan: seo sunne arist
swi+de +ar on morgen up, swa swa brydguma of his brydbure.
<R 18.6>
And heo yrn+d swa egeslice on hyre weg, swa swa gigant yrn+d
on his weg;
heo stih+d o+d +t+as heofenes heanesse, and +tanon astih+d;
and swa yrn+d ymbutan, o+d heo eft +tyder cym+d;
ne m+ag hine nan man behydan wi+d hire h+ato.
<R 18.7>
Godes +a is swi+de unleahtorwyr+de, for+t+am heo hwyrf+d
manna mod and heora sawla to Gode; Godes bebod
is swi+de getrywe, Godes rihtwisnessa synt swi+de rihta,
for+d+am hy geblissia+d manna heortan; Godes
bebod is swi+de leoht, hit onliht +ta eagan; +ag+ter ge modes
ge lichaman.
<R 18.8>
Godes ege is swi+de halig, he +turhwuna+d a worlda world;
Godes domas synt swi+de so+de, hi synt gerihtwisode on him
sylfum.
<R 18.9>
Hy synt ma to lufianne +tonne gold o+d+de 
<P 40>
deorwur+de gimmas, and hi synt swetran +donne hunig o+d+de
beobread.
<R 18.10>
For+t+am +din +deow hi hylt; on heora gehyldnesse is m+anig
edlean.
<R 18.11>
Hwa ongyt his uncysta; from +t+am +de me beholen synt,
gecl+ansa me, Drihten, and from +al+deodegum feondum spara me
+tinne +deow, Drihten.
<R 18.12>
Gif mine fynd ne ricsia+d ofer me, +tonne beo ic unwemme, and
beo gecl+ansod from +t+am m+astum scyldum; ac gif hi me
abysgia+d, +tonne ne m+ag ic smeagan mine unscylda, ne eac
+dinne willan ne m+ag smeagan to wyrcanne.
<R 18.13>
Gif +du me +tonne fram him alyst, +tonne sprece ic +t+at +te
lica+d, and mines modes smeaung by+d symle beforan +dinre
ansyne.
<R 18.14>
Drihten, +tu eart min fultum, and min alysend.
<P 41>
<R 19.1>
Gehyre +de Drihten on +t+am d+age +tinra earfo+da, gefri+die
+te se nama Iacobes Godes.
<R 19.2>
And onsende +te fultum of his +tam halgan temple, and of Sion
geh+ale +de.
<R 19.3>
Gemyndig sy Drihten ealra +tinra offrunga, and +tin +almesse
sy andfengu.
<R 19.4>
Gylde +te Drihten +after
+dinum willan, and eall +din ge+deaht he getrymie;
<R 19.5>
+t+at we moton f+agnian on +dinre h+alo, and on +d+am naman
Drihtnes ures Godes we syn gemyclade.
<R 19.6>
Gefylle Drihten eall +tin gebedu: nu we ongita+d +t+at
Drihten wile geh+alan his +tone gesmyredan, and +done
gehalgodan, and he hine gehyr+d of his +tam halgan
heofone: swi+de mihtig is seo h+alo his +d+are
swy+dran handa.
<R 19.7>
On rynew+anum, and on horsum, ure fynd f+agnia+d, and +t+as
gilpa+d; we +tonne on +t+am naman Drihtnes ures Godes us
miclia+d.
<R 19.8>
Hy synd nu gebundne, and hi afeollon, and we so+dlice arison,
and synt uppahafene.
<R 19.9>
Drihten, geh+al urne kyning, and gehyr us on +d+am d+age, +te
we +de to clypia+d.
<P 42>
<R 20.1>
Drihten, on +dinum m+agene nu blissa+d ure kyning, and for
+tinre h+alo he f+agna+d swi+de swi+dlice.
<R 20.2>
For+d+am +tu him sealdest his modes willan, and +t+as +te he
mid his weolorum wilnade, +t+as +tu him ne forwyrndest.
<R 20.3>
Mid +t+are swetnesse +tinra bletsunga +tu w+are hr+adra to
his fultume +tonne he wende; +tu sendest his heafod kynegold,
mid deorwyr+tum gimmum ast+aned.
<R 20.4>
He b+ad langes lifes, and +tu hit him sealdest a worlda
world.
<R 20.5>
Swi+de micel is his [{wuldor{] .
<P 43>
<R 21.1>
Drihten, Drihten, min God, beseoh to me; hwi forlete +tu me
swa feor minre h+alo?
<R 21.2>
Ic clypige d+ages and nihtes to +de, and andette mine scylda,
and seofige min ungelimp, and +tu hit ne gehyrst:
ac ne understand +tu hit me to unrihtwisnesse,
for+d+am ic +te nane o+dwite, +t+at +tu me ne gehyrst,
ac minum agnum scyldum ic hit wite.
<R 21.3>
+du wunast on halgum stowum, Drihten, Israela lof: to +te
hopedon ure f+aderas, hi hopedon to +te, and +tu hi alysdest.
<R 21.4>
Hy clypodon to +de, and hi wurdon for+di geh+alde; hi
hopedon, and hi +t+as ne sceamode.
<R 21.5>
Ic eam wyrme gelicra +donne men; for+tam ic 
<P 44>
eom worden mannum to [{leahtrunge{] , and to forsewennesse,
and ic eom utaworpen fram him of heora gesomnunga, swa +tes
wyrm.
<R 21.6>
+alc +t+ara +te me gesyh+d, he me forsyh+d and onscuna+d; hi
spreca+d mid heora welerum, and wecga+d heora heafdu,
and cwe+da+d.
<R 21.7>
He hopode to Drihtne, alyse he hine; nu he gealp, +t+at he
hine lufode.
<R 21.8>
Drihten, +tu eart se +te me gel+addest of minre modor
inno+de; +tu w+are min tohopa, sy+t+tan ic fram minre modor
breoston gel+ad w+as; +tinre gymenne ic w+as beboden;
sy+d+dan ic of hire inno+de eode, +tu w+are min God.
<R 21.9>
Ne gewit +tu fram me; for+tam me synt earfo+du swy+de neh,
and nis nan o+ter +te wylle o+d+de m+age me gehelpan.
<R 21.10>
Me ymbhringdon swi+de m+anige calfru, +t+at synt lytle and
niwe fynd and +ta f+attan fearas me ofs+aton,
+t+at synd strengran fynd.
<R 21.11>
Hi todydon heora mu+d ongean me, swa swa leo, +tonne he
geona+d, and grymeta+d, and gefeh+d +t+at +t+at he
wyle: eall min m+agen is tostenged, and to nauhte worden,
swa swa +t+at w+ater, +t+at +te by+d utagoten.
<R 21.12>
Min heorte and min mod is gemolten, swa +t+at weax, on innan
me.
<P 45>
<R 21.13>
And min m+agen ys forsearod, swa swa l+amen crocca, and min
tunge ys gecleofod to minum gomum, and to deadum duste ful
neah mine fynd me geworhton.
<R 21.14>
For+dan me ymbhringdon swi+de m+anige hundas, and seo
gegaderung +tara awyrgedra me ofs+aton.
<R 21.15>
Hy +turhdulfon mine handa and mine fet, and gerimde eall min
ban +t+at ys min m+agn, and mine getrywan frynd, +tam ic
getruwode, swa wel swa minum agenum limum.
<R 21.16>
Hy [{me{] hawodon and me beheoldon, and ged+aldan him min
hr+agl, and +t+at tohlutan.
<R 21.17>
Ac, la Drihten, ne afyr +tinne fultum fram me, ac loca to
minre generennesse.
<R 21.18>
Ahrede mine sawle +at heora sweordum, and of +t+as hundes
handa, min lif.
<R 21.19>
Gefri+da me of +t+as
leon mu+de, and of +tam hornum +tara anhyrna gefri+da me
yrming.
<R 21.20>
Ic +tonne bodie +tinne naman minum bro+drum; on midre heora
gesomnunge ic +te herie, and cwe+te to him.
<R 21.21>
Se +te Drihten ondr+ade herie hine, eall Iacobes cynn:
<R 21.22>
Ondr+ade hine eall Israela cynn, for+tam he 
<P 46>
na forsyh+d, ne ne awyrp+d earmra manna gebeda, ne he 
his andwlitan ne awende fram me; ac +tonne ic clypode 
to him, +tonne gehyrde he me.
<R 21.23>
Beforan +te by+d min lof on +t+are myclan cyrcan; ic gylde
min gehat Drihtne, beforan +tam +te hine ondr+ada+d.
<R 21.24>
+tonne eta+t +ta +tearfan, and hi beo+d gefyllede, and
heria+d +tonne Drihten +ta +te hine seca+d.
<R 21.25>
And heora heortan onfo+d m+agene, and libba+d a worlda world:
+tonne gemunan +t+at eall eor+dgem+aru, and
gecyrra+d ealle to Drihtne; 
<R 21.26>
And gebidda+d hy to him ealle +teoda, and +alc cynn; for+tam 
+de Drihtnes synd +ta ricu, and he wylt ealra +teoda.
<R 21.27>
Hy eta+d, and hy gebidda+d ealle +ta welegan, geond +tas
eor+tan; beforan his ansyne cuma+d ealle +ta +te on eor+dan
astiga+d.
<R 21.28>
And min sawl him leofa+d, and min s+ad him +teowa+d.
<R 21.29>
And hy bodia+d Drihten, ure cyn +t+at +after us cym+d; and
heofonas bodia+d his rihtwisnesse +tam folcum
+te +tonne beo+d acende, +ta worhte Drihten.
<P 47>
<R 22.1>
Drihten me r+at, ne by+d me nanes godes wan, and he me geset
on swy+de good feohland.
<R 22.2>
And fedde me be w+atera sta+dum, and min mod gehwyrfde of
unrotnesse on gefean.
<R 22.3>
He me gel+adde ofer +ta wegas rihtwisnesse, for his naman.
<R 22.4>
+teah ic nu gange on midde +ta sceade dea+des, ne ondr+ade ic
me nan yfel.
for+tam +tu byst mid me, Drihten; 
<R 22.5>
+tin gyrd and +tin st+af me afrefredon, +t+at is +tin +treaung 
and eft +tin frefrung.
<P 48>
<R 22.6>
+tu gearwodest beforan me swi+de bradne beod, wi+d +tara
willan, +te me hatedon.
<R 22.7>
+tu gesmyredest me mid ele min heafod: Drihten, hu m+are
+tin folc nu is, +alce d+age hit symbla+d.
<R 22.8>
And folgie me nu +tin mildheortnes, ealle dagas mines lifes.
<R 22.9>
+T+at ic m+age wunian on +tinum huse, swi+te lange tiid,
o+d lange ylde.
<R 23.1>
Drihtnes ys eor+de and eall +t+at heo mid gefyld is;
and eall mancynn, +te +t+aron earda+d, is Drihtnes.
<P 49>
<R 23.2>
He gesette +ta eor+tan ofer +t+are s+a, and ofer +dam eam he
hi gesta+delode.
<R 23.3>
Hwa is +t+ar wyr+de, +t+at astige on Godes munt; o+t+te hwa
mot standan on his halgan stowe?
<R 23.4>
[{He{] by+d +t+as wyr+de, +te unsc+a+dfull by+d mid his
handum, and cl+ane on his heortan; se +te ne hwyrf+d his mod
+after idlum ge+tohtum, and him mid weorcum fulg+a+d,
+teah hi him on mod cumen; ne n+anne a+d ne swera+d,
to biswice his nyhstan.
<R 23.5>
Se +te swylc by+d, he onfeh+d bletsunge fram Gode and
miltse +at Drihtne H+alende.
<R 23.6>
+tyllic by+d +t+at cyn +te God sec+d, and +ta +te seca+d
+tone andwlitan Iacobes Godes.
<R 23.7>
Undo+d nu eowre geatu, ge ealdormen, and onhlida+d +ta ecan
geata; for+tan +te ing+a+d se kyning, +te God
gewuldrod h+af+d, and geweor+dod; +ta andswarode +t+at folc,
and cw+a+d.
<R 23.8>
Hw+at is +tes wuldorf+asta
kyning; Hit is ure hlaford, strang and mihtig, se +te h+afde
anweald on gefeohte.
<R 23.9>
Gedo+d nu, ealdormen, eowre geatu, and onhlida+d eowre ecan
geatu; for+tam +t+ar inng+a+d 
<P 50>
se kyning, +te God gewuldrod h+af+d, and geweor+dod.
<R 23.10>
Hw+at is se gewuldroda kyning; Hit is se wuldorf+asta, se +te
God fore wyrc+d swylc wundru.
<R 24.1>
To +te ic h+abbe, Drihten, min mod and mine sawle; Drihten,
min God, to +te ic hopige, and ic +t+as n+afre ne sceamige.
<R 24.2>
Ne mine fynd me n+afre for+dy ne bysmrian; ne nan +t+ara,
+te to +te hopa+d, ne wyr+d gescended.
<R 24.3>
Scamien heora ealle +ta unrihtwisan, +te idelnesse
wyrca+d: Drihten, gedo me +tine wegas cu+de, and l+ar me +tine
pa+das.
<R 24.4>
Ger+ad me, and gerece on +tinre so+df+astnesse, and l+ar me,
for+tam +tu eart Drihten min 
<P 51>
H+alend; +alce d+age ic anbidige +tines fultumes.
<R 24.5>
Gemun, Drihten, +tinra miltsunga, and +tinre mildheortnesse,
+te fram fruman worlde w+as.
<R 24.6>
+Ta scylda mines iugo+dhades ne gemun +tu, Drihten, ne huru
+ta +te ic ungewisses geworhte; +t+at synt,
+ta +te ic wende +t+at nan scyld n+are ac for +tinre myclan
mildheortnesse, beo +tu min gemyndig, Drihten.
<R 24.7>
For+tam gesette God +a scyldiendum [^BRIGHT AND RAMSAY:
+ascyldiendum^] on heora wegum, and geriht +ta man+dw+aran 
on domum, and him get+ace+d his wegas.
<R 24.8>
For +tinre godnesse, Drihten, +tu eart swete, and wynsum, and
eac rihtwis; Ealle Godes wegas syndon
mildheortnes, and rihtwisnes, +alcum +t+ara +te his +a
seca+d, and his bebodu lufia+d.
<R 24.9>
Drihten, for +tinum naman
beo +tu forgifende mina synna, for+ty hi synt swy+de mycele.
<R 24.10>
Hwa hwylc mann swa Drihten ondr+at, he him geset +ta +a, and
him syl+d +t+at ge+teaht on +tone weg, +te heora +ag+drum
lica+d ge Gode ge eac +tam men.
<R 24.11>
His sawl hi gerest softe on monegum goodum, and his s+ad on
ece yrfeweardnesse gesit eor+dan.
<R 24.12>
Drihten is m+agen and cr+aftig +alces +t+ara +te hine
ondr+at, and he him get+ac+d eallum his willan.
<P 52>
<R 24.13>
Symle locia+d mine eagan to Gode; for+tam he alys+d mine fet
of gryne.
<R 24.14>
Geloca to me, Drihten, and gemiltsa me; for+tam ic eom ana
forl+aten, yrming.
<R 24.15>
And +ta earfo+du minre heortan synd swy+de tobr+ad, and
gemanigfealdod; gedo for+ti, Drihten, +t+at +tu me gefri+die
+at minre nyd+tearfe.
<R 24.16>
Geseo mine ea+dmetto, and mine earfo+da, and forgif ealle
mine scylda.
<R 24.17>
And geseoh eac mine
fynd; for+tam hi synt swy+te gemanigfealdode, and geseoh hu
unrihtlice hi me hatia+d.
<R 24.18>
Geheald mine sawle, and gefri+da me, +t+at me ne sceamie,
+t+as +te ic to +te clypige.
<R 24.19>
+ta unsce+dfullan, and +ta rihtwisan, +ta +te beganga+d,
coman to me, wendon +t+at me sceolde cuman sum fultum, and sum
frofor fram +te; for+tam ic symle +t+as anbidode, and wilnode,
and wende +at +te, Drihten.
<R 24.20>
Gefri+da me, Drihten, Israela God, of eallum minum
nearonessum.
<P 53>
<R 25.1>
Dem me, Drihten, for+tam ic eom unscyldig wi+d +tas mine
fynd, and ic hopige to Drihtne, and ic ne weor+de for+ti
geuntrumod.
<R 25.2>
Fanda min, Drihten, and smea mine ge+tohtas.
<R 25.3>
For+tan +tin mildheortnes is beforan minum eagum, and ic
symle tilode, mid rihtwisnesse, +te and him to licianne.
<R 25.4>
Ne s+at ic na on +t+are samnunge idelra manna, and unnytra;
ne ic ineode on +t+at ge+teaht unrihtwyrcendra; 
<R 25.5>
Ac ic hatode +ta gesamnunge unrihtwisra; for+tam ic n+afre 
ne teolade sittan on anum willan mid +tam arleasum.
<R 25.6>
Ac ic wilnode symle +t+at ic a+dwoge mine 
<P 54>
handa betwuh +tam unsc+a+d+digum; +t+at is +t+at 
ic w+are unscyldig betwuh him +t+at ic meahte hweorfan 
ymb +tinne +tone halgan alter, Drihten.
<R 25.7>
And +t+ar gehyran +ta stemne +tines lofes, and +t+at ic m+age
cy+tan eall +tin wundru.
<R 25.8>
Drihten, ic lufode +tone wlite +tines huses, and +ta stowe
+tines wuldorf+astan temples.
<R 25.9>
Ac ne forleos mine sawle ongemang +tam arleasum, ne min lif
betwuh +tam manslagum, +t+ara handa and +t+ara weorc syndon
fulle unrihtwisnesse.
<P 55>
<R 26.1>
Drihten is min onlyhtend, and min H+alend; hw+at +tearf ic
ondr+adan?
<R 26.2>
Drihten is scyldend mines lifes; hwy sceal ic beon af+ard?
<R 26.3>
+tonne me togeneahl+ahton mine fynd, me to derianne, swylce
hi woldon fretan min fl+asc; +ta +te me swencton, hi w+aron
sylfe geuntrumode, and gefeollon.
<R 26.4>
+teah hi nu gyt wyrcen getruman, and scyldridan wi+d me, ne
by+d min heorte nawuht af+ared; +teah hi arisan ongean me to
feohtanne, to +tam Gode ic hopie, +te me +ar gefreode.
<R 26.5>
And geseon Godes willan,
and +tone ongitan, and he me gefri+die on his +tam halgan
temple.
<R 26.6>
For+tam he me gehydde on his temple, on +tam [{yflum{]
dagum he me gefri+dode, on +tam sceade his geteldes and his
temples; and he me ahof uppon heanne stan.
<R 26.7>
And huru nu h+af+d [{min{] heafod uppahafen ofer mine fynd;
for+t+am ic ymbhweorfe [{+tin{] +t+at halige tempel, Drihten,
and +t+ar offrige, on +tinum huse, +ta offrunga;
sangas ic singe, and secge Gode lof.
<R 26.8>
Gehyr, Drihten, mine stefne, mid +t+are ic clypige to +te;
gemiltsa me, and gehyr me.
<P 56>
<R 26.9>
To +te cwy+d min heorte, Ic sohte +tine ansyne; ic sece gyt
symle, Drihten.
<R 26.10>
Ne awend +tu +tine ansyne fram me, ne +te n+afre yrringa acyr
fram +tinum +teowe.
<R 26.11>
+tu eart min fultumend, Drihten; ne forl+at me, ne ne forseoh
me, Drihten, min H+alend.
<R 26.12>
For+tam min f+ader
and min modor me forleton, ac Drihten me ne forlet.
<R 26.13>
Gesete me +a, Drihten, on +tinum wege, and gerece me on
rihtne p+a+d, fore minum feondum.
<R 26.14>
And ne syle me to +tara modes willan, +te min ehta+d;
for+dam arison ongean me lease gewitnessa, and heora leasung
w+as gecyrred to heom sylfum.
<R 26.15>
Ic gelyfe +t+at ic geseo Godes good on libbendra lande.
<R 26.16>
Hopa nu, min mod, to Drihtne, and gebid his willan, and do
esnlice, and gesta+tela, and gestranga
+tine heortan, and ge+tola Drihtnes willan.
<P 57>
<R 27.1>
To +te ic [{cleopige{] , Drihten, min God; ne swuga, ac dem,
and miltsa
me; gif +tu swa ne dest, +tonne beo ic gelicost +tam +te
afyl+d on pytt.
<R 27.2>
Ac gehyr +ta stemne mines gebedes; for+tam ic nu to +te
clypige, and mine handa upphebbe to +tinum +tam halgan temple.
<R 27.3>
Ne syle me, ne ne send mid +tam synfullan, and mid +tam
unrihtwyrcendum, ne forleos me.
<R 27.4>
Ne me ne fordo mid +tam +te luflice spreca+d 
<P 58>
to heora nyhstum, and habba+d +teah facn on heora heortan.
<R 27.5>
Ic wat +t+at +tu sylst him edlean be heora gewyrhtum, and
+after +tam unrihte, +te hi an swinca+d, +tu heom gyldest.
<R 27.6>
+du heom sylst edlean; for+tam hy ne ongita+d +tin weorc, ne
+ta ne geseo+d.
<R 27.7>
+Tu hi towyrpst, and hi eft getimbrast; Gebletsod sy
Drihten, for+tam +te he gehyrde +ta stemne mines gebedes.
<R 27.8>
Drihten is min scyltumend, and min gescyldend; on hine gehyht
mine
heorte, and he me gefultuma+d.
<R 27.9>
Drihten is strengo his folces, and gescyldend +t+are h+alo
his gesmyredan.
<R 27.10>
Geh+al, Drihten, +tin folc, and gebletsa +tin yrfeland, and
gerece +ta +te +t+aron eardia+d, and hi uppahefe on ecnesse.
<P 59>
<R 28.1>
Ge Godes bearn, bringa+d eow sylfe Gode, and bringa+d him eac
[{eowra{] ramma bearn.
<R 28.2>
And bringa+d eac Drihtne wuldor and weor+dmynd, and bringa+d
wuldor Drihtnes naman.
<R 28.3>
And gebidda+d eow to Gode, on his halgan [{healle{] : 
<P 60>
ealle Godes word is ofer w+atrum, and hy geh+aft;
he is m+agen+trymmes God, and
he +tunra+d ofer manegum w+aterum, and mycelum.
<R 28.4>
Godes word is on mycelum m+agene, and mycelu +ting de+d.
<R 28.5>
+t+as Godes word bryc+t cedortreowu, and symle se God bryc+d
+ta hean [{ceder{] treowu on Libano, +tam myclan munte:
+ta treowa tacnia+d ofermodra manna anweald Drihten forbryc+d
and forbryt +ta myclan cedertreowu, emne swa +ta lytlan
onw+astmas [^BRIGHT & RAMSAY: on w+astmas^] ; +ta ow+astmas 
beo+d swa mycle, and swa f+agere
swa swa +t+as deores bearn, +te unicornus hatte.
<R 28.6>
Godes word adw+asc+d fyres lig; Drihten ahrysode +ta westan
eor+tan, and astyrede +ta westan stowe, +te is gehaten Cades.
<R 28.7>
And he gedyde +t+at +ta fynd flugan swa heortas, and he
onwreah +ta eor+dan, +te +ar w+as ofer+teaht mid feondum;
cumon nu for+ti ealle to his temple, and secgon him +t+as lof.
<R 28.8>
Drihten us gedyde, +t+at we moston buian +after +tam folce:
se Drihten is ure kyning, se sitt on ecnesse ofer us.
<R 28.9>
Drihten syl+t his folce m+agen, and gebletsa+d his folc on
sibbe.
<P 61>
<R 29.1>
Ic f+agnige, Drihten, and +te herige; for+tam +tu me
gefri+dadest, and +tu ne lete mine fynd min f+agnian.
<R 29.2>
Drihten, min God, ic clypode to +te, and +tu me geh+aldest,
and atuge mine sawle of neolnessum, and of helle, and me
geh+aldest fram +t+ara geferscipe, +te feollon on pytt.
<P 62>
<R 29.3>
Heria+d nu Drihten, ealle his halige, and andeta+d +t+at
gemynd his halignesse.
<R 29.4>
For+tam open wracu ys on his yrsunga, and so+d lif on +tam
+t+at man wrece his willan.
<R 29.5>
+teah we wepon on
+afen, he gede+d +t+at we hlihha+d on morgen.
<R 29.6>
Ic cw+a+d on minum wlencum, and on minre orsorhnesse, Ne wyrd
+tises n+afre nan wendincg.
<R 29.7>
For+tam +tu me sealdest, on +dinum goodan willan, wlite and
m+agen; +ta awendest +tu +tinne andwlitan fram me, +ta wear+d
ic sona gedrefed.
<R 29.8>
+ta clypode ic eft to +te, and geb+ad me to minum Drihtne,
and cw+a+d, Drihten, hu nyt is +te min sl+age, o+t+te min
cwalu, o+d+de min rotung on byrgenne?
<R 29.9>
Hw+a+der +te +t+at dust herige, on +t+are burgene; o+t+te
hw+a+der hit cy+de +tine rihtwisnesse?
<R 29.10>
+ta gehyrde Drihten +ta word, and gemildsade me; he wear+d me
to fultume.
<R 29.11>
Drihten, +tu gehwyrfdest minne heaf and mine seofunga me to
gefean; +tu tot+are min hwite hr+agl, and
+tu me [{gebyrgdest{] mid gefean; for+tam hit ys cyn +t+at
min wuldor, and min gylp +te herige, +t+at ic ne
wur+de gedrefed.
<R 29.12>
Drihten, min God, on ecnesse ic +te herige.
<P 63>
<R 30.1>
To +te ic hopige, Drihten, ne gesceama+d me n+afre +t+as; on
+tinre rihtwisnesse alys me, and gefri+da me.
<R 30.2>
Onhyld to me +tine earan, and efste +t+at +tu me gefri+die.
<R 30.3>
And beo min God, and min gefri+diend, and beo min fri+dstow,
and gedo me halne.
<R 30.4>
For+tam +tu eart min trymnes and min gebeorh, 
<P 64>
[^TORONTO CORPUS: and^] on +tinum naman ic +te healsige, 
+t+at +tu beo min lad+teow, and me fede.
<R 30.5>
And al+ad me of +tysum grynum, +te her gehydde synt beforan
me, for+tam +tu eart min gescyldend, Drihten, an +tine handa
ic bef+aste mine sawle.
<R 30.6>
+tu me ahreddest, Drihten, rihtwisnesse God; +tu hatodest +ta
+te beeodon idelnesse, and eac +ta +te unnyt worhton.
<R 30.7>
Ic +tonne symle hopige to Drihtne, and f+agnie, and
wynsumige, and blissige on +tinre mildheortnesse.
<R 30.8>
For+tam +tu gesawe mine eadmodnesse, and +tu gedydest hale
+at nyd+tearfe mine sawle, and me ne demdes on minra feonda
handa.
<R 30.9>
Ac asettest mine fet on swy+de brad land: gemiltsa me nu,
Drihten, for+tam ic swince.
<R 30.10>
Mine eagan w+aron gedrefede and af+arde, for +tinum yrre; and
eac swa ilce, min mod and min maga; 
<R 30.11>
For+tam full neah on +tam sare geteorode and geendode min lif,
and min gear w+aron on sicetunga, and on gest+ane.
<R 30.12>
And geuntrumod w+as for w+adle, and for yrm+dum, min m+agen;
and min ban w+aron gedrefedu, and full neah forod.
<P 65>
<R 30.13>
Ofer ealle mine fynd ic eom geworden to edwite, and minum
neahgeburum swi+dost; ic eom worden him to ege, and eallum 
+tam +te me cunnon.
<R 30.14>
+ta +te me gesawon, hi me flugon: ful neah ic afeoll, swa swa
se +te by+d dead on his heortan, and on his mode;
and ic w+as swylce forloren f+at, and tobrocen;
<R 30.15>
For+tam ic gehyrde manegra manna edwit,
+te me ymbutan budon.
<R 30.16>
And swa hw+ar swa hi hi gegaderodon ealle tog+adere, to +tam
+t+at hy +teahtodon, hu hi mihton geniman mine sawle.
<R 30.17>
And ic +teah, Drihten, to +te hopode, and s+ade +t+at +tu
w+are min God: on +tinum handum synd +ta lenga minra tida.
<R 30.18>
Alys me, and gefri+da me of minra feonda handum, and fram
+tam +te min ehta+d.
<R 30.19>
And onliht +tinne andwlitan ofer +tinne +teow, and gedo me
halne for +tinre mildheortnesse, and gedo +t+at me ne
gesceamige, for+tam ic cleopode to +te.
<R 30.20>
Ac +teah sceal gescamian +ta unrihtwisan, and hi beo+d gel+ad
to helle; and adumbia+d +ta facnfullan weoloras, +ta +te
spreca+d wi+d +tone rihtwisan unriht, on heora ofermettum,
and on heora [{leahtrunga{] .
<P 66>
<R 30.21>
Eala, Drihten, hu micel and hu manigfeald is seo mycelnes
+tinre swetnesse, +te +tu h+afst gehyd and gehealden +tam
+te +te ondr+ada+d: +ta swetnesse +tu him ne l+atst n+afre
aspringan, nanum +t+ara +te to +te [{hopia+d{] beforan manna
bearnum.
<R 30.22>
+tu hi gehydst and gehyldst hale and orsorge, +ag+der ge
modes ge lichaman, butan +alcere gedrefednesse, +te menn
+trowia+d.
<R 30.23>
+tu hi gescyldst on +tinum temple, wi+d +alcere tungan
leahtrunge.
<R 30.24>
Gebletsod sy Drihten; for+tam he swa wuldorlice gecydde his
mildheortnesse me, on +t+are f+astan byrig.
<R 30.25>
Ic cw+a+d on minre fyrhto, +t+at ic w+are aworpen of +tinra
eagena ansyne;
<R 30.26>
And +tu +ta for+ti gehyrdest
+ta stemne minra gebeda, +ta ic to +te cliopode.
<R 30.27>
Lufia+d nu for+tan Drihten ealle his halgan; for+tam
rihtwisnesse God lufa+d and sec+d, and 
forgylt be fullan +alcum +te ofermetto do+d.
<R 30.28>
Ac do+d esnlice, and gestrangia+d eowere heortan, and eower
mod, +alc +t+ara +te to Gode hopige.



<B COWSGOSP>
<Q O3 XX NEWT WSNEW>
<N NEW TEST WS>
<A X>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  WEST-SAXON GOSPELS.
THE HOLY GOSPELS IN ANGLO-SAXON,
NORTHUMBRIAN, AND OLD MERCIAN VERSIONS.
ED. W. W. SKEAT.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1871-1887.
JOHN I.1 - XI.57, PP. 12.4 - 112.30^]

[^B8.4.3.4^]
<P 12>
<R 1.1>
On frym+de w+as word & +t+at word w+as mid Gode & God w+as
+t+at word.
<R 1.2>
+t+at w+as on fruman mid Gode.
<R 1.3>
Ealle +ting w+aron geworhte +durh hyne & nan +ting n+as
geworht butan him.
<R 1.4>
+t+at w+as lif +te on him geworht w+as & +t+at lif w+as manna
leoht.
<R 1.5>
& +t+at leoht lyht on +dystrum & +tystro +t+at ne genamon.
<R 1.6>
Mann w+as fram Gode asend +t+as nama w+as Iohannes.
<R 1.7>
+des com to gewitnesse +t+at he gewitnesse cy+dde be +dam
leohte +t+at ealle menn +turh hyne gelyfdon.
<R 1.8>
N+as he leoht ac +t+at he gewitnesse for+db+are be +tam
leohte.
<R 1.9>
So+d leoht w+as +t+at onlyht +alcne cumendne man on +tisne
middaneard.
<R 1.10>
He w+as on middanearde & middaneard w+as geworht +turh hine &
middaneard hine ne gecneow.
<P 14>
<R 1.11>
To his agenum he com & hig hyne ne underfengon.
<R 1.12>
So+dlice swa hwylce swa hyne underfengon he sealde him
anweald +t+at hi w+aron Godes bearn +tam +de gelyfa+d 
on his naman.
<R 1.13>
+da ne synt acennede of blodum ne of fl+asces willan ne of
weres willan ac hig synt of Gode acennede.
<R 1.14>
And +t+at word w+as fl+asc geworden & eardode on us & we
gesawon hys wuldor swylce ancennedes wuldor 
of F+ader +t+at w+as ful mid gyfe & so+df+astnysse.
<R 1.15>
Iohannes cy+t gewitnesse be him & clypa+t +tus cwe+dende,
+tes w+as +te ic s+ade, se +de to cumenne is +after 
me w+as geworden beforan me for+dam he w+as +ar +tonne ic.
<R 1.16>
And of his gefyllednesse we ealle onfengon gyfe for gyfe
for+tam +te +a w+as geseald +turh Moysen, & 
gyfu & so+tf+astnes is geworden +turh H+alend Crist.
<R 1.18>
Ne geseah n+afre nan mann God butan se acenneda sunu hit
cy+dde se is on his F+ader bearme.
<R 1.19>
& +t+at is Iohannes gewitnes.
+da +ta Iudeas sendon hyra sacerdas & hyra diaconas fram
Gerusalem to him +t+at hi axsodon hine & +tus 
cw+adon, hw+at eart +tu?
<R 1.20>
& he cy+dde & ne wi+dsoc & +tus cw+a+d, ne eom ic na Crist.
<P 16>
<R 1.21>
And hig axsodon hine & +tus cw+adon, eart +du Elias; & he
cw+a+d, ne eom ic hit; +da cw+adon hi, eart +du
witega; & he andwyrde & cw+a+d, nic.
<R 1.22>
Hig cw+adon to him, hw+at eart +tu +t+at we andwyrde bringon
+tam +de us to +te sendon; Hw+at segst +tu be +te sylfum?
<R 1.23>
He cw+a+d, ic eom clypiendes stefn on westene, gerihta+d
Drihtnes weg, swa se witega Isaias cw+a+d.
<R 1.24>
And +ta +te +t+ar asende w+aron +ta w+aron of sundorhalgon.
<R 1.25>
& hig axsodon hine & cw+adon to him, hwi fullast +tu gif +tu
ne art ne Heligas ne witega?
<R 1.26>
Iohannes him andswarode, ic fullige on w+atere.
Tomiddes eow stod +te ge ne cunnon.
<R 1.27>
He is +te +after me toweard is se w+as geworden beforan me.
Ne eom ic wyr+de +t+at ic unbinde his sceo+twang.
<R 1.28>
+das +ding w+aron gewordene on Bethania begeondan Iordanen
+t+ar Iohannes fullode.
<R 1.29>
O+tre d+ag Iohannes geseah +tone H+alend to him cumende &
cw+a+d, her is Godes lamb, her is se +te de+d aweg 
middaneardes synn+a.
<R 1.30>
+tes is be +dam ic s+ade, +after me cym+d wer +te me beforan
geworden w+as for+dam +te he w+as +ar +donne ic.
<R 1.31>
& ic hyne nyste ac ic com & fullode on w+atere to +d+am +t+at
he w+are geswutelud on Israhela folce.
<P 18>
<R 1.32>
And Iohannes cy+tde gewitnesse cwe+dende +t+at ic geseah
ny+dercumendne gast of heofenum swa swa culfran 
& wunode ofer hine.
<R 1.33>
& ic hine ne cu+de ac se +te me sende to fullianne on w+atere
he cw+a+d to me, ofer +d+ane +te +du gesyhst
ny+derstigendne gast & ofer hine wuniendne +t+at is se +de
fylla+d on halgum gaste.
<R 1.34>
& ic geseah & gewitnesse cy+dde +t+at +tes is Godes sunu.
<R 1.35>
Eft o+dre d+ag stod Iohannes & twegen of his leorningcnihtum.
<R 1.36>
& he cw+a+d +ta he geseah +t+ane H+alend gangende, her is
Godes lamb.
<R 1.37>
+da gehyrdon hyne twegen leorningcnihtas sprecende & fylidon
+tam H+alende.
<R 1.38>
+ta beseah se H+alend & geseah hig him fyliende & cw+a+d to
him, hw+at sece gyt; Hi cw+adon to him, rabbi, 
+t+at is gecweden & gereht, lareow, hwar eardast +du?
<R 1.39>
He cw+a+t to him, cuma+d & geseo+t.
Hig comon & gesawon hwar he wunode & mid him wunodon on +dam
d+age; Hit w+as +ta seo teo+de tid.
<R 1.40>
Andreas, Simones bro+tur Petrus, w+as o+ter of +tam twam +ta
gehyrdon +at Iohanne & him fyligdon.
<R 1.41>
+des gemette +arost Simonem his bro+dor & cw+a+d to him, we
gemetton Messiam, +t+at is gereht, Crist.
<P 20>
<R 1.42>
& hig l+addon hine to +tam H+alende.
+da beheold se H+alend hyne & cw+a+t, +tu eart Simon ionan
sunu; +tu bist genemned Cephas, +t+at is gereht, Petrus.
<R 1.43>
On mergen he wolde faran on Galilea, & he gemette Philippus &
se H+alend cw+a+d to him, fylig me.
<R 1.44>
So+tlice Philippus w+as fram Bethzaida, Andreas ceastre &
Petres.
<R 1.45>
Philippus gemette Nathanael & cw+a+t to him, we gemetton
+done H+alend Iosepes sunu of Nazareth +tone 
wrat Moyses & +ta witegan on +d+are +a.
<R 1.46>
& Nathanahel cw+a+d to him, m+ag +anig +ting godes beon of
Nazareth; Philippus cw+a+d to him, cum & geseoh.
<R 1.47>
+da geseah se H+alend Nathanahel to him cumendne & cw+a+d be
him, her is israhelisc wer on +dam nis nan facn.
<R 1.48>
+da cw+a+d Nathanahel to him, hwanon cu+dest +du me?
+ta andswarode se H+alend & cw+a+d to him, ic geseah +te +ta
+tu w+are under +tam fictreowe +ar+dam +te philippus 
+te clypode.
<R 1.49>
Him andswarode +ta Nathanahel & +dus cw+a+d, rabbi, +tu eart
Godes sunu & +tu eart Israhela cing.
<R 1.50>
+ta cw+a+d se H+alend to him, +tu gesyhst mare +tonne +tis
sy.
For+dam +te +du gelyfdest +da ic cw+a+d +t+at ic gesawe +te
under +tam fictreowe?
<P 22>
<R 1.51>
& he s+ade him, so+d ic secge eow ge geseo+d opene heofonas &
Godes englas upstigende & ny+derstigende ofer mannes sunu.
<R 2.1>
On +tam +triddan d+age w+aron gyfta gewordene on Chanaa
Galile+a & +t+as H+alendes modor w+as +t+ar.
<R 2.2>
So+tlice se H+alend & his leorningcnihtas w+aron gela+dode to
+tam gyfton.
<R 2.3>
& +ta +t+at win geteorude +ta cw+a+d +t+as H+alendes modor to
him, hi nabba+d win.
<R 2.4>
+ta cw+a+t se H+alend to hyre, la wif, hw+at is me & +te?
Gyt min tima ne com.
<R 2.5>
+da cw+a+d +t+as H+alendes modor to +tam +tenum, do+d swa
hw+at swa he eow secge.
<R 2.6>
+t+ar w+aron so+dlice aset six st+anene w+aterfatu +after
Iudea gecl+ansunge; +al w+as on twegra sestra gemete 
o+d+de on +treora.
<R 2.7>
+da bead se H+alend +t+at hig +ta fatu mid w+atere gefyldon &
hig gefyldon +ta o+t +tone brerd.
<R 2.8>
+da cw+a+t se H+alend, hlada+t nu & bera+d +t+are drihte
ealdre; & hi namon.
<R 2.9>
+da se drihte ealdor +t+as wines onbyrigde +te of +tam
w+atere geworden w+as he nyste hwanon hyt com; +ta
+tenas so+dlice wiston +te +t+at w+ater hlodon; Se drihte
ealdor clypode +tone brydguman & cw+a+d to him, 
+alc man syl+t +arest god win & +tonne hig druncene beo+d
+t+at +te wyrse by+d; +du geheolde +t+at gode win o+d +tis.
<P 24>
<R 2.11>
+dis w+as +t+at forme tacn +te se H+alend worhte on Chanaa
Galile+a & geswutelode his wuldor & his leorningcnihtas 
gelyfdon on hine.
<R 2.12>
+after +tyson he & hys modor & his gebro+dru & his
leorningcnihtas foron to Capharnaum & wunedon +tar
feawa daga.
<R 2.13>
And hit w+as neah Iudea Eastron & se H+alend for to Ierusalem
<R 2.14>
& gemette on +tam temple +ta +de sealdon 
oxsan & sceap & culfran & sittende myneteras.
<R 2.15>
& he worhte swipan of strengon & hig ealle of +dam temple
adraf ge sceap ge oxsan & he ageat +tara 
mynetera feoh & towearp hyra mysan 
<R 2.16>
& s+ade +tam +te +da culfran cypton, do+d +tas +ting heonon.
Ne wyrce ge mines Feder hus to mangunghuse.
<R 2.17>
+ta gemundon his leorningcnihtas +t+at +de awriten is, +tines
huses anda me et.
<R 2.18>
+da andswaredon him +ta Iudeas & cw+adon, hwylc tacn +atywst
+tu us for+dam +te +tu +das +ding dest?
<R 2.19>
Se H+alend him andswarude & cw+a+d, towurpa+t +tis tempel &
ic hit ar+are binnan +trim dagon.
<R 2.20>
+da Iudeas cw+adon to him, +tis tempel w+as getimbrod on six
& feowertigon wintron & ar+arst +tu hit on
+trym dagon?
<R 2.21>
So+dlice he hyt cw+a+d be hys lichaman temple.
<P 26>
<R 2.22>
+da he of dea+de aras +ta gemundon his leorningcnihtas +t+at
he hit be him sylfum cw+a+d, and hi gelyfdon 
halegum gewrite & +t+are spr+ace +te se H+alend spr+ac.
<R 2.23>
+da he w+as on Ierusalem on Eastron on freolsd+age manega
gelyfdon on his naman +ta hi gesawon +da tacna +te he worhte.
<R 2.24>
Se H+alend ne geswutelode hine sylfne him for+dam he cu+de hi
ealle 
<R 2.25>
& for+tam him n+as nan +tearf +t+at +anig man s+ade gewitnesse
be men. He wiste witodlice hw+at w+as on men.
<R 3.1>
So+dlice sum Phariseisc man w+as genemned Nichodemus se w+as
Iudea ealdor.
<R 3.2>
+des com to him on niht & cw+a+d to him, rabbi, +t+at is,
lareow, we witon +t+at +tu come fram Gode; Ne m+ag 
nan man +tas tacn wyrcan +te +du wyrcst buton God beo mid
him.
<R 3.3>
Se H+alend him andswarude & cw+a+d, so+d ic +te secge buton
hwa beo edniwan gecenned ne m+ag he geseon Godes rice.
<R 3.4>
+da cw+a+d Nichodemus to him, hu m+ag man beon eft acenned
+tonne he bi+d eald; Cwyst +du m+ag he eft cuman 
on his modor inno+d & beon eft acenned?
<R 3.5>
Se H+alend him andswarude & cw+a+d, so+t ic +te secge buton
hwa beo geedcenned of w+atere & of haligum 
gaste ne m+ag he infaran on Godes rice.
<P 28>
<R 3.6>
+d+at +te acenned is of fl+asce +t+at is fl+asc, & +t+at +te
of gaste is acenned +t+at is gast.
<R 3.7>
Ne wundra +tu for+dam +te ic s+ade +te, eow gebyra+d +t+at ge
beon acennede edniwan.
<R 3.8>
Gast ore+da+d +tar he wile & +tu gehyrst his stefne & +tu
nast hwanon he cym+t ne hwyder he g+a+t; Swa is
+alc +te acenned is of gaste.
<R 3.9>
+da andswarode Nichodemus & cw+a+d, hu magon +tas +ting +tus
geweor+dan?
<R 3.10>
Se H+alend andswarode & cw+a+d to him, +du eart lareow
Israhela folce & +tu nast +tas +ding.
<R 3.11>
So+t ic +te secge +t+at we spreca+d +t+at we witon & we
cy+da+d +t+at we gesawon & ge ne underfo+d ure cy+dnesse.
<R 3.12>
Gif ic eow eor+tlice +ting s+ade & ge ne gelyfa+d humeta
gelyfe ge gif ic eow heofonlic+e +ting secge?
<R 3.13>
& nan man ne astih+d to heofenum buton se +de ny+der com of
heofonum, mannes sunu se +de com of heofonum.
<R 3.14>
& swa swa Moyses +ta n+addran upahof on +tam westene swa
gebyra+d +t+at mannes sunu beo upahafen 
<R 3.15>
+t+at nan +tara ne forwur+de +te on hyne gelyf+d ac h+abe 
+t+at ece lif.
<R 3.16>
God lufode middaneard swa +t+at he sealde his ancennendan
sunu +t+at nan ne forwur+de +te on hine gelyf+d 
ac h+abbe +t+at ece lif.
<P 30>
<R 3.17>
Ne sende God his sunu on middanearde +t+at he demde
middanearde ac +t+at middaneard sy geh+aled +turh hine.
<R 3.18>
Ne bi+t +tam gedemed +de on hine gelyf+d.
Se +de ne gelyf him bi+t gedemed for+tam +te he ne gelyfde on
+done naman +t+as acennendan Godes suna.
<R 3.19>
+t+at is se dom, +t+at leoht com on middaneard & menn lufedon
+tystro swy+tor +donne +t+at leoht; Hyra weorc w+aron yfele.
<R 3.20>
+alc +dara +te yfele de+d hata+d +t+at leoht & he ne cym+t to
leohte +t+at his weorc ne syn gerihtl+ahte.
<R 3.21>
Witodlice se +de wyrc+d so+df+astnesse cym+t to +dam leohte
+t+at his weorc syn geswutelude for+dam +te hig
synt on Gode gedone.
<R 3.22>
+after +tyson com se H+alend & his leorningcnihtas to Iudea
lande & wunode +d+ar mid him & fullode.
<R 3.23>
& Iohannes fullode on Enon wi+d Salim for+dam +te +t+ar
w+aron manega w+atro & hi tog+adere comun & w+aron
gefullode.
<R 3.24>
+da gyt n+as Iohannes gedon on cweartern.
<R 3.25>
+ta smeadon Iohannes leornigcnihtas & +ta Iudeas be +t+are
cl+ansunge 
<R 3.26>
& comon to Iohanne & cw+adon to 
him, rabbi, se +de mid +te w+as begeondan Iordane be +dam +tu
cy+ddest gewitnesse nu he fulla+t & ealle hig cuma+t to him.
<P 32>
<R 3.27>
Iohannes andwurde & cw+a+d, ne m+ag mann nan +ting uderfon
buton hit beo of heofonum geseald.
<R 3.28>
Ge sylfe me synd to gewitnesse +t+at ic s+ade, ne eom ic
Crist ac ic eom asend beforan hine.
<R 3.29>
Se +de bryde h+af+d se is brydguma, se +te is +t+as brydguman
freond & stent & gehyr+t hyne mid gefean he 
geblissa+d for +t+as brydguman stefne; +tes min gefea is
gefylled.
<R 3.30>
Hit gebura+d +t+at he weaxe & +t+at ic wanige.
<R 3.31>
Se +de ufenan com se is ofer ealle, se +te of eor+dan is se
spryc+t be eor+dan, Se +te of heofone com se 
is ofer ealle 
<R 3.32>
& he cy+d +t+at he geseah & gehyrde & nan
man ne underfeh+t his cy+dnesse.
<R 3.33>
So+dlice se +te cy+dnesse underfeh+t he getacna+d +t+at god
is so+df+astnys.
<R 3.34>
Se +de God sende spryc+d Godes word ne syl+t God +tone gast
be gemete.
<R 3.35>
F+ader lufa+d +tone sunu & sealde ealle +ting on his hand.
<R 3.36>
Se +te gelyf+d on sunu se h+af+d ece lif, se +te +tam suna is
ungeleafsum ne gesyh+t he lif ac Godes yrre wuna+d ofer hine.
<R 4.1>
+da se H+alend wyste +t+at +ta Pharisei gehyrdon +t+at he
h+afde ma leorningcnihta +tonne Iohannes, 
<P 34>
<R 4.2>
+teah se H+alend ne fullode ac his leorningcnihtas, 
<R 4.3>
+da forlet he Iudea land & for eft on Galilea.
<R 4.4>
Him gebyrode +t+at he sceolde faran +turh Samaria land.
<R 4.5>
Witodlice he com on Samarian cestre +te is genemned Sichar
neah +tam tune +te Iacob sealde Iosepe his 
suna 
<R 4.6>
+t+ar w+as Iacobes wyl. Se H+alend s+at +at +dam wylle +ta he 
w+as werig gegan & hit w+as midd+ag.
<R 4.7>
+ta com +t+ar an wif of Samaria wolde w+ater feccan +da
cw+a+d se H+alend to hyre, syle me drincan.
<R 4.8>
His leorningcnihtas ferdon +ta to +t+are ceastre woldon him
mete bicgan.
<R 4.9>
+ta cw+a+d +t+at Samaritanisce wif to him, humeta bitst +tu
+at me drincan +tonne +du eart Iudeisc & ic eom 
Samaritanisc wif; Ne bruca+d Iudeas & Samaritanisce metes
+atg+adere.
<R 4.10>
+da andswarode se H+alend & cw+a+d to hyre, gif +tu wistest
Godes gyfe & hw+at se is +te cwi+d to +te, syle 
me drincan, witodlice +tu b+ade hine +t+at he sealde +te
lifes w+ater.
<R 4.11>
+da cw+a+d +t+at wif to him, leof, ne +du n+afst nan +ting
mid to hladene & +tes pyt is deop; Hwanon h+afst
+tu lifes w+ater?
<P 36>
<R 4.12>
Cwyst +du +t+at +tu si m+arra +tonne ure f+ader Iacob se +de
us +tisne pytt sealde & he & his bearn & his 
nytenu of +dam druncon?
<R 4.13>
+da andswarode se H+alend & cw+a+t to hyre, +alcne +dara
+tyrst eft +te of +dyson w+atere dring+d 
<R 4.14> 
witodlice +alc +tara +te drinc+d of +tam w+atere +te ic 
him sylle bi+d on him will for+dr+asendes w+atres on ece lif.
<R 4.15>
+da cw+a+d +t+at wif to him, hlaford, syle me +t+at w+ater
+t+at me ne +tyrste ne ic ne +durfe her feccan.
<R 4.16>
+da cw+a+t se H+alend to hyre, ga clypa +tinne ceorl & cum
hider.
<R 4.17>
+da andwurde +t+at wif & cw+a+d, n+abbe ic nanne ceorl.
+da cw+a+d se H+alend to hyre, wel +tu cw+ade +t+at +tu
n+afst ceorl
<R 4.18>
witodlice +tu h+afst fif ceorlas & se +de 
+du nu h+afst nis +din ceorl; +at +tam +tu s+adest so+d.
<R 4.19>
+da cw+a+d +t+at wif to him, leof, +t+as me +ding+t +tu eart
witega.
<R 4.20>
Ure f+aderas hig geb+adon on +tissere dune & ge secga+d +t+at
on Ierusalem sy seo stow +t+at man on gebidde.
<R 4.21>
+da cw+a+d se H+alend to hyre, la wif, gelyf me +t+at seo tid
cym+d +tonne ge ne gebidda+t F+ader ne on +tisse 
dune ne on Gerusalem.
<P 38>
<R 4.22>
Ge gebidda+d +t+at ge nyton, we gebidda+t +t+at we witon,
for+tam +te h+al is of Iudeum.
<R 4.23>
Ac seo tid cym+d & nu is +tonne so+te gebedmen gebidda+t
F+ader on gaste & on so+df+astnesse witodlice F+ader 
sec+t swylce +te hyne gebiddon.
<R 4.24>
Gast is God & +tam +te hyne gebidda+d gebyra+d +t+at hig
gebiddon on gaste and on so+df+astnesse.
<R 4.25>
+d+at wif cw+a+t to him, ic wat +t+at Messias cym+d +te is
genemned Crist; +tonne he cym+d he cy+d us ealle +ding.
<R 4.26>
S+a H+alend cw+a+d to hyre, ic hit eom +te wi+d +te sprece.
<R 4.27>
& +t+arrihte comon his leorningcnihtas & hig wundredon +t+at
he wi+t +t+at wif spr+ac +teah hyra nan ne cw+a+d, 
hw+at segst +tu, o+d+de, hw+at sprycst +tu wi+d hig?
<R 4.28>
Witodlice +t+at wif forlet hyre w+aterf+at & eode to +t+are
byrig & cw+a+d to +tam mannum, 
<R 4.29>
cuma+d & geseo+d +tone man +te me s+ade ealle +ting +te 
ic dyde. Cwe+de ge is he Crist?
<R 4.30>
+da eodon hi ut of +d+are byrig & comon to him.
<R 4.31>
On gemang +tam his leorningcnihtas hine b+adon & +tus
cw+adon, lareow, et.
<R 4.32>
+da cw+a+d he to him, ic h+abbe +tone mete to etene +te ge
nyton.
<P 40>
<R 4.33>
+da cw+adon his leorningcnihtas him betwynan hw+a+der +anig
man him mete brohte.
<R 4.34>
+da cw+a+d se H+alend to him, min mete is +t+at ic wyrce
+t+as willan +de me sende, +t+at ic fullfremme his weorc.
<R 4.35>
Hv ne secge ge +t+at nu gyt synt feowur mon+das +ar man ripan
m+age; Nu ic eow secge, hebba+d upp eowre
eagan & geseo+d +tas eardas +t+at hig synt scire to ripene.
<R 4.36>
& se +de rip+d nim+d mede & gadera+t w+astm on ecum life
+t+at +atg+adere geblission se +te s+aw+t & se +de rip+d.
<R 4.37>
On +tyson is witodlice so+d word for+dam o+ter is se +de
s+aw+t, o+ter is se +de rip+t.
<R 4.38>
Ic sende eow to ripene +t+at +t+at ge ne beswuncon.
O+dre swuncon & ge eodun on hyra geswinc.
<R 4.39>
Witodlice manige Samaritanisce of +d+are ceastre gelyfdon on
hyne for +t+as wifes wordon +te be him cy+tde 
+t+at he s+ade me ealle +ta +ting +te ic dyde.
<R 4.40>
+da +t+ae Samaritaniscean comon to him hig geb+adon hine
+t+at he wunode +d+ara & he wunode +t+ar twegen dagas.
<R 4.41>
& mycle ma gelyfdon for his sp+ace 
<R 4.42>
& cw+adon to +tam wife, ne gelyfe we na for +dinre spr+ace, 
we sylfe gehyrdon & we witon +t+at he is so+t middaneardes
H+alynd.
<R 4.43>
So+dlice +after twam dagon he ferde +tanone & for to Galilea.
<P 42>
<R 4.44>
Se H+alend sylf cy+tde gewitnesse +t+at nan witega n+af+d
nanne wur+dscype on hys agenum earde.
<R 4.45>
+ta he com to Galileam +ta underfengon hi hine +ta hi gesawon
ealle +ta +ting +te he worhte on Ierusalem 
on freolsd+age & hi comun to +tam freolsd+age.
<R 4.46>
& he com eft to Chanaa Galilee +t+ar he worhte +t+at win of
w+atere; Sum undercyning w+as +t+as sunu w+as 
gesyclod on Capharnaum.
<R 4.47>
+ta +ta se gehyrde +t+at se H+alend for fram Iudea to Galilea
he com to him & b+ad hine +t+at he fore & geh+alde 
his sunu so+dlice he l+ag +at for+dfore.
<R 4.48>
+da cw+a+t se H+alend to him, buton ge tacna & forebeacna
geseon ne gelyfe ge.
<R 4.49>
+da cw+a+d se undercing to him, drihten, far +ar min sunu
swelte.
<R 4.50>
& se H+alend cw+a+d, ga, +tin sunu leofa+d.
+da eode he & gelyfde +t+are spr+ace +te se H+alend him
s+ade.
<R 4.51>
+da he for +ta urnon his +teowas ongean hyne & s+adon +t+at
his sunu leofode.
<R 4.52>
+da axode he to hwylcon timan him bet w+are & hi s+adon him,
gyrstand+ag to +t+are seofo+tan tide se fefor hine forlet.
<R 4.53>
+da ongeat se f+ader +t+at hit w+as on +t+are tide +de se
H+alend cw+a+d, +tin sunu leofa+d, & he gelyfde & eall 
his hiwr+aden.
<P 44>
<R 4.54>
Se H+alend worhte +tis tacen eft o+tre si+te +ta he com fram
Iudea lande to Galilea.
<R 5.1>
Efter +tyson w+as Iudea freolsd+ag & se H+alend for to
Ierusalem.
<R 5.2>
On Gerusalem ys an mere se is genemned on Ebreisc, Betzaida.
Se mere h+af+d fif porticas.
<R 5.3>
On +tam porticon l+ag mycel menigeo geadludra, blindra &
healtra & forscruncenra, & geanbidedon +t+as
w+ateres styrunge.
<R 5.4>
Drihtenes engel com to his timan on +tone mere & +t+at w+ater
w+as astyred & se +te ra+tust com on +tone 
mere +after +t+as w+ateres styrunge wear+t geh+aled fram swa
hwylcere untrumnysse swa he on w+as.
<R 5.5>
+d+ar w+as sum man eahta & +trittig wintra on his
untrumnysse.
<R 5.6>
+ta se H+alend geseah +tysne licgean & wiste +t+at he +t+ar
lange tide w+as +da cw+a+t he to him, wylt +tu hal beon?
<R 5.7>
+da andswarode se seoca him & cw+a+t, Drihten, ic n+abbe
nanne man +t+at me do on +tone mere +tonne +t+at w+ater 
astyred bi+d; +donne ic cume +tonne bi+t o+ter beforan
me.
<R 5.8>
+da cw+a+d se H+alend to him, aris, nim +tin bed & ga.
<P 46>
<R 5.9>
& se man w+as sona hal & he nam his bed & eode.
Hit w+as rested+ag on +dam d+age.
<R 5.10>
+ta cw+adon +ta Iudeas to +tam +te +t+ar geh+aled w+as, hit
is rested+ag, nis +de alyfed +t+at +tu +tin bedd bere.
<R 5.11>
He andswarude him & cw+a+d, se +de me geh+alde se cw+a+d to
me, nim +tin bedd & ga.
<R 5.12>
+da axsodon hi hine hw+at se man w+are +te +te s+ade, nim
+tin bedd & ga.
<R 5.13>
Se +te +t+ar geh+aled w+as nyste hwa hit w+as.
Se H+alynd so+tlice beah fram +t+are gegaderunge.
<R 5.14>
+after +tam se H+alynd hine gemette on +tam temple & cw+a+t
to him, nu +tu eart hal geworden; Ne synga +tu, 
+tel+as +te +te on sumon +tingon wyrs getide.
<R 5.15>
+da for se man & cy+dde hit +tam Iudean +t+at hit w+are se
H+alend +te hyne h+alde.
<R 5.16>
For+tam +ta Iudeas ehton +tone H+alend for+dam +te he dyde
+tas +ting on rested+age.
<R 5.17>
+da andswarode se H+alend him & cw+a+d, min F+ader wyrc+d o+t
+tis nu gyt & ic wyrce.
<R 5.18>
+t+as +te ma +ta Iudeas sohton hine to ofsleanne, n+as na
for+tam anum +te he +t+ane rested+ag br+ac, ac for+tam 
+te he cw+a+d +t+at God w+are his f+ader & hine sylfne
dyde Gode gelicne.
<P 48>
<R 5.19>
Witodlice se H+alend andswarode & cw+a+t to him, so+d ic eow
secge, ne m+ag se sunu nan +ting don buton
+t+at he gesyh+t his F+ader don; +da +ting +te he wyrc+t se
sunu wyrc+d gelice.
<R 5.20>
Se F+ader lufa+d +tone sunu & geswutela+d him ealle +ta +ting
+te he wyrc+t & maran weorc +tonne +tas syn he 
geswutela+d him +t+at ge wundrigeon.
<R 5.21>
Swa se F+ader awec+d +ta deadan & geliff+ast swa eac se sunu
geliff+ast +ta he wyle.
<R 5.22>
Ne se F+ader ne dem+d nanum menn ac he sealde +alcne dom +tam
suna 
<R 5.23>
+t+at ealle arwur+tigeon +tone sunu swa 
swa hig arwur+tigea+t +tone F+ader; Se +de ne arwur+da+t
+tone sunu ne arwur+ta+t he +tone F+ader +te hine sende.
<R 5.24>
So+d ic secge eow +t+at se +te min word gehyr+d & +tam
gelyf+d +te me sende se h+af+t ece lif & ne cym+t +at 
+tam dome ac f+ar+d fram dea+de to life.
<R 5.25>
So+d ic secge eow +t+at seo tid cym+d & nu is +tonne +ta
deadan gehyra+d Godes suna stefne & +ta lybba+d +te 
hig gehyra+d.
<R 5.26>
Swa se F+ader h+af+t lif on him sylfon swa he sealde +tam
suna +t+at he h+afde lif on him syluon 
<R 5.27>
& sealde him anweald +t+at he moste deman for+dam +te he 
is mannes sunu.
<R 5.28>
Ne wundrigeon ge +d+as +t+at seo tid cym+d +t+at ealle
gehyra+d his stefne +te on byrgenum synt 
<P 50>
& +ta +te 
god worhton fara+d on lifes +areste & +ta +te yfel dydon on
domes +areste.
<R 5.30>
Ne m+ag ic nan +ting don fram me sylfum.
Ic deme swa swa ic gehyre & min dom is ryht for+dam ic ne
sece minne willan +te me sende.
<R 5.31>
Gif ic gewitnesse be me cy+te min gewitnes nis so+d.
<R 5.32>
O+ter is se +de cy+t gewitnesse be me & ic wat +t+at seo
cy+dnes is so+d +te he cy+t be me.
<R 5.33>
Ge sendon to Iohanne & he cy+dde so+tf+astnesse gewitnesse.
<R 5.34>
Ic ne onfo gewitnesse fram menn ac +tas +ting ic secge +t+at
ge syn hale.
<R 5.35>
He w+as byrnende leohtf+at & lyhtende.
Ge woldon sume hwile geblissian on his leohte.
<R 5.36>
Ic h+abbe maran gewitnesse +tonne Iohannes.
Witodlice +ta weorc +te F+ader me sealde +t+at ic hig
fullfremme, +da weorc +te ic wyrce cy+ta+d gewitnesse 
be me +t+at F+ader me asende.
<R 5.37>
& se F+ader +te me sende cy+t gewitnesse be me.
Ne ge n+afre his stefne ne gehyrdon ne ge his hiw ne gesawon
<R 5.38>
and ge nabba+d his word on eow wunigende 
for+tam +te ge ne gelyfa+d +tam +de he sende.
<R 5.39>
Smeagea+d halige gewritu for+dam +te ge wena+d +t+at ge
habbon ece lif on +tam, & hig synt +te gewitnesse
cy+ta+t be me 
<P 52>
& ge nella+d cuman to me +t+at ge habbon lif.
<R 5.41>
Ne underfo ic nane beorhtnesse +at mannum.
<R 5.42>
Ac ic gecneow eow +t+at ge nabba+t Godes lufe on eow.
<R 5.43>
Ic com on mines F+ader naman & ge me ne underfengon.
Gyf o+ter cym+t on his agenum naman hyne ge underfo+d.
<R 5.44>
Hu mage ge gelyfan, +te eow betweonan wuldor underfo+d & ne
secea+t +t+at wuldor +te is fram Gode syluum?
<R 5.45>
Ne wene ge +t+at ic eow wrege to F+ader.
Se is +te eow wreg+d, Moyses on +tone ge gehyhta+d.
<R 5.46>
Witodlice gif ge gelyfdon on Moyse ge gelyfdon eac me
so+dlice he wrat be me.
<R 5.47>
Gif ge his stafum ne gelyfa+d hu gelyfe ge minum wordum?
<R 6.1>
+after +tyson for se H+alend ofer +ta Galileiscan s+a, seo is
Tiberiadis.
<R 6.2>
& him fylide mycel folc for+tam +te hig gesawon +ta tacna +te
he worhte on +tam +te w+aron geuntrumode.
<R 6.3>
Witodlice se H+alend astah on anne munt & s+at +tar mid his
leorningcnihton.
<R 6.4>
Hit w+as gehende Eastron, Iudea freolsd+age.
<P 54>
<R 6.5>
+da se H+alend his eagan upahof & geseah +t+at micel folc com
to him he cw+a+d to Philippe, hw+ar bicge 
we hlafas +t+at +tas eton?
<R 6.6>
+t+at he cw+a+t his fandigende.
He wiste hw+at he don wolde.
<R 6.7>
+da andwurde him Philippus & cw+a+d, nabba+d hi genoh on
twegera hundred penega wur+te hlafes +t+at +alc 
sumne d+al nyme.
<R 6.8>
+da andwyrde him an his leorningcnihta Andreas, Simones
bro+tur Petres, her is an cnapa +te h+af+t fif 
berene hlafas & twegen fixas, ac hw+at synt +ta +ting
betwux swa manegum mannum?
<R 6.10>
+ta cw+a+d se H+alend, do+d +t+at +tas men sitton.
On +t+are stowe w+as mycel gers +d+ar s+aton +ta swylce fif
+tusendo manna.
<R 6.11>
Se H+alend nam +ta hlafas & +tancwur+dlice dyde & hig
tod+alde +tam sittendum & eallswa of +tam fixum swa 
mycel swa hig woldon.
<R 6.12>
+da hig fulle w+aron +ta cw+a+d he to his leorningcnihton,
gaderia+t +ta brytsena +te +tar to lafe w+aron +t+at hig
ne losigeon.
<R 6.13>
Hig gegaderedon & fyldon twelf wyligeon fulle +t+ara brytsena
of +tam +te +ta l+afdon +te of +tam fif berenan 
hlafon +aton.
<R 6.14>
+da men cw+adon, +ta hig gesawon +t+at he +t+at tacen worhte,
+t+at +tes is so+dlice witega +te on middangeard cym+t.
<R 6.15>
+da se H+alend wiste +t+at hig woldon cuman & hine gel+accean
& to cynge don +ta fleah he ana uppon +tone munt.
<P 56>
<R 6.17>
And +ta hig eodon on scyp hi comon ofer +ta s+a to
Capharnaum.
Hit wear+d +ta +tystre & se H+alend ne com to him.
<R 6.18>
Mycel wind bleow & hit w+as hreoh s+a.
<R 6.19>
Witodlice +ta hig h+afdon gehrowen swylce twentig furlanga
o+d+de +trittig +ta gesawon hig +tone H+alend 
uppan +t+are s+a gan & +t+at he w+as gehende +tam scype & hi
him ondredon.
<R 6.20>
He cw+a+d +ta to him, ic hit eom, ne ondr+ada+d eow.
<R 6.21>
Hig woldon hyne niman on +t+at scyp & sona +t+at scyp w+as
+at +tam lande +te hig woldon to faran.
<R 6.22>
So+tlice o+tre d+ag seo menigeo +te stod begeondan +tam mere
geseah +t+at +t+ar n+as butan an scyp & +t+at se
H+alend ne eode on scyp mid his leorningcnihtan ac his
[{leorningcnihtas{] sylfe ana foron.
<R 6.23>
O+dre scypu comun fram Tiberiade wi+d +ta stowe +tar hig
+tone hlaf +aton Drihtne +tanciende.
<R 6.24>
+da seo menigeo geseah +t+at se H+alend +tar n+as ne his
leorningcnihtas +ta eodon hig on scipu & coman 
to Capharnaum sohton +done H+alend.
<R 6.25>
& +ta hig gemetton hyne begeondon +tam mere hig cw+adon to
him, Lareow, hw+anne com +tu hider?
<P 58>
<R 6.26>
Se H+alend him andswarude & cw+a+d, so+t ic eow secge ne sece
ge me for+dam +te ge tacnu gesawon, ac for+tam 
+te ge +aton of +dam hlafon & synt fulle.
<R 6.27>
Ne wyrcea+t +after +tam mete +te forwyr+d, ac +after +tam +te
+turhwuna+d on ece lif +done mannes sunu eow syl+t 
+tone God F+ader getacnode.
<R 6.28>
Hig cw+adon to him, hw+at do we +t+at we wyrceon Godes weorc?
<R 6.29>
+ta andswarode se H+alend & cw+a+d to him, +t+at is Godes
weorc +t+at ge gelyfan on +done +te he sende.
<R 6.30>
+da cw+adon hig, hw+at dest +tu to tacne +t+at we geseon &
gelyfon +t+at +tu hit wyrce?
<R 6.31>
Ure f+aderas +aton heofonlicne mete on westene swa hit
awriten is, he sealde him etan hlaf of heofone.
<R 6.32>
Se H+alend cw+a+d to him, so+d ic secge eow ne sealde Moyses
eow hlaf of heofonum ac min F+ader eow syl+t 
so+dne hlaf of heofonum.
<R 6.33>
Hit is Godes hlaf +te of heofone com & syl+t middanearde lif.
<R 6.34>
Hig cw+adon to him, Drihten, syle us +tysne hlaf.
<R 6.35>
Se H+alend cw+a+d to him, ic eom lifes hlaf.
Ne hingra+d +tone +te to me cym+d & ne +tyrst +tone n+afre
+de on me gelyf+d.
<R 6.36>
Ac ic eow s+ade +t+at ge gesawon me & ne gelyfdon.
<P 60>
<R 6.37>
Eall +t+at F+ader me syl+t cym+d to me & ic ne wyrpe ut +done
+te to me cym+d for+tam +te ic ne com of heofonum 
+t+at ic minne willan do ac +t+as willan +te me sende.
<R 6.39>
+d+at is +t+as F+ader willa +de me sende +t+at ic nan +ting
ne forleose of +dam +te he me sealde ac awecce +t+at 
on +tam ytemestan d+age.
<R 6.40>
+dis is mines F+ader willa +te me sende +t+at +alc +te +done
sunu gesyh+t & on hine gelyf+d h+abbe ece lif &
ic hine awecce on +tam ytemestan d+age.
<R 6.41>
+da murcnodon +ta Iudeas be him for+tam +te he cw+a+d, ic eom
hlaf +te of heofonum com.
<R 6.42>
& hig cw+adon, hu nis +tis se H+alend Iosepes sunu?
We cunnon his f+ader & his modor; Humeta seg+d +tes, ic com
of heofonum?
<R 6.43>
Se H+alend him andswarode & cw+a+d to him, ne murcnia+t eow
betwynan.
<R 6.44>
Ne m+ag nan man cuman to me buton se F+ader +te me sende hyne
teo & ic hine ar+are on +dam ytemestan d+age.
<R 6.45>
On +d+are witegena bocum is awriten, ealle ea+dl+are beo+d
Godes.
+alc +te gehyrde +at F+ader & leornode cym+d to me.
<P 62>
<R 6.46>
Ne geseah nan man F+ader buton se +de is Gode, se gesyh+t
F+ader.
<R 6.47>
So+d ic secge eow se h+af+d ece lif +te on me gelyf+d.
<R 6.48>
Ic eom lifes hlaf.
<R 6.49>
Ure f+aderas +aton heofunlicne mete on westene & hig synd
deade.
<R 6.50>
+dis is se hlaf +te of heofonum com +t+at ne swelte se +de of
him ytt.
<R 6.51>
Ic eom lybbende hlaf +te of heofonum com.
Swa hwa swa ytt of +dyson hlafe he leofa+d on ecnysse & se
hlaf +te ic sylle is min fl+asc for middaneardes life.
<R 6.52>
+ta Iudeas fliton him betwynan & cw+adon, hu m+ag +tes his
fl+asc us syllan to etene?
<R 6.53>
+ta cw+a+t se H+alend to him, so+t ic secge eow n+abbe ge lif
on eow buton ge eton mannes suna fl+asc & his blod drincon.
<R 6.54>
Se h+af+d ece lif +te ytt min fl+asc & drinc+d min blod & ic
hine ar+are on +tam ytemestan d+age.
<R 6.55>
So+tlice min fl+asc is mete & min blod is drinc.
<R 6.56>
Se +de ytt min fl+asc & drinc+d min blod he wuna+d on me & ic
on him.
<R 6.57>
Swa swa lybbende F+ader me sende & ic lybbe +turh F+ader & se
+de me ytt he leofa+t +turh me.
<P 64>
<R 6.58>
+tis is se hlaf +te of heofonum com.
Na swa swa ure f+aderas +aton heofonlicne mete & deade
w+aron; Se +te ytt +tysne hlaf he leofa+d on ecnysse.
<R 6.59>
+das +ting he s+ade on gesamnunge +ta he l+arde on
Capharnaum.
<R 6.60>
Manega his leornigcnihta cw+adon +ta hig +dis gehyrdon, heard
is +teos spr+ac; Hwa m+ag hig gehyran?
<R 6.61>
+da wiste se H+alend +t+at his leorningcnihtas murcnedon
betweox him sylfon be +tison & he cw+a+d to him, 
+t+at eow beswic+d?
<R 6.62>
Gyf ge geseo+t mannes sunu astigendne +t+ar he +ar w+as?
<R 6.63>
Gast is se +de geliff+ast, fl+asc ne frema+d nan +ting.
+ta word +te ic eow s+ade synt gast & lif.
<R 6.64>
Ac sume ge ne gelyfa+d.
Witodlice se H+alend wiste +at fruman hw+at +ta gelyfedan
w+aron & hwa hine bel+awon wolde.
<R 6.65>
& he cw+a+d, for+tig ic eow s+ade +t+at nan man ne m+ag cuman
to me buton min F+ader hit him sylle.
<R 6.66>
Sy+d+dan manega his leorningcnihtas cyrdon onb+ac & ne eodun
mid him.
<R 6.67>
+da cw+a+t se H+alynd to +tam twelfum, cwe+de ge wylle ge
fram me?
<R 6.68>
+ta andwyrde him Simon Petrus & cw+a+d, Drihten, to hwam ga
we?
<P 66>
<R 6.69>
+tu h+afst eces lifes word & we gelyfa+d & witon +t+at +tu
eart Crist, Godes sunu.
<R 6.70>
Se H+alend him andswarude & cw+a+d, hu ne geceas ic eow
twelfe, & eower an is deofol?
<R 6.71>
He hyt cw+a+t be Iuda Scario+te, +tes hine bel+awde +ta he
w+as an +tara twelfa.
<R 7.1>
Sy+t+tan for se H+alend to Galilea.
He nolde faran to Iudea for+tam +te +ta Iudeas hine sohton &
woldon hyne ofslean.
<R 7.2>
Hit w+as gehende Iudea freolsd+age.
<R 7.3>
His bro+dra cw+adon to him, far heonon & ga on Iudea land
+t+at +tine leorningcnihtas geseon +ta weorc +te +tu wyrcst.
<R 7.4>
Ne de+d nan man nan +ting on diglum ac sec+t +t+at hit open
sy.
Gif +du +tas +ting dest geswutela +te sylfne middanearde.
<R 7.5>
Witodlice ne his magas ne gelyfdon on hyne.
<R 7.6>
+da cw+a+t se H+alend to him, gyt ne com min tid, eower tid
is symble gearu.
<R 7.7>
Ne m+ag middaneard eow hatigean ac he hata+d me for+tam ic
cy+te gewitnesse be him +t+at his weorc synt
yfele.
<R 7.8>
Fare ge to +tison freolsd+age.
Ic ne fare to +tison freolsd+age for+tam min tid nis gyt
gefylled.
<R 7.9>
He wunede on Galilea +ta he +tas +ting s+ade.
<P 68>
<R 7.10>
Eft +ta his gebro+dru foron +ta for he eac to +dam
freolsd+age, n+as na openlice.
<R 7.11>
+da Iudeas hyne sohton on +tam freolsd+age & cw+adon, hwar is
he?
<R 7.12>
& mycel gehlyd w+as on +t+are menigeo be him.
Sume cw+adon, he is god, o+dre cw+adon, nese, ac he beswic+d
+tis folc.
<R 7.13>
+teahhw+a+tere ne sp+ac nan man openlice be him for +t+ara
Iudea ege.
<R 7.14>
+ta hit w+as midd+ag +t+as freolsd+ages +ta eode se H+alend
into +tam temple & l+arde.
<R 7.15>
& +ta Iudeas wundredon & cw+adon, humeta cann +tes stafas
+tonne he ne leornode?
<R 7.16>
Se H+alend him andswarode & cw+a+t, mi lar nis na min ac
+t+as +te me sende.
<R 7.17>
Gyf hwa wyle his willan don he gecwem+d be +t+are lare
hw+a+ter heo si of Gode hw+a+ter +te ic be me sylfum spece.
<R 7.18>
Se +te be him sylfum spryc+d sec+t his agen wuldor, se +te
sec+t +t+as wuldor +te hyne sende se is so+tf+ast 
& nis nan unrihtwisnys on him.
<R 7.19>
Hu ne sealde Moyses eow +a & eower nan ne healt +ta ae?
Hwi sece ge me to ofsleanne?
<R 7.20>
+ta andswarode seo menigeo & cw+a+d, deofol +te stica+d on.
Hwa sec+d +te to ofsleanne?
<P 70>
<R 7.21>
+da andswarode se H+alend & cw+a+d to him, an weorc ic worhte
& ealle ge wundrigea+t.
<R 7.22>
For+dy Moyses eow sealde [{ymbsnydenysse{] , n+as na for+ti +te
heo of Moyse sy ac of f+aderon, & on rested+age 
ge ymbsni+da+t mann +t+at Moyses +a ne sy toworpen.
<R 7.23>
& ge belga+t wi+d me for+dam +te ic geh+alde anne man on
rested+age.
<R 7.24>
Ne deme ge be ansyne ac dema+d rihtne dom.
<R 7.25>
Sume cw+adon +ta +de w+aron of Ierusalem, hu nis +dis se +de
hi secea+t to ofsleande?
<R 7.26>
& nu he spyc+t openlice & hig ne cwe+da+t nan +ding to him.
Cwe+de we hw+a+ter +ta ealdras ongyton +t+at +tis is Crist?
<R 7.27>
Ac we witon hwanon +tes is.
+donne Crist cym+t +tonne nat nan mann hwanon he bi+t.
<R 7.28>
Se H+alend clypode & l+arde on +tam temple & cw+a+d, me ge
cunnon & ge witon hwanon ic eom; & ic ne com 
fram me sylfum ac se is so+d +te me sende +tone ge ne
cunnon.
<R 7.29>
Ic hyne can & gif ic secge +t+at ic hine ne cunne ic beo leas
& eow gelic; Ic hyne can & ic eom of him & he me sende.
<P 72>
<R 7.30>
Hig hine sohton to nimanne & hyra nan hys ne +athran for+dam
+te his tid ne com +ta gyt.
<R 7.31>
Manega of +d+are menigeo gelyfdon on hine & cw+adon, cwe+te
ge wyrc+d Crist ma tacna +tonne he cym+d +tonne +tes de+d?
<R 7.32>
+ta Pharisei gehyrdon +ta menigeo +tus murcnigede be him.
+da ealdras & +da Pharisei sendon hyra +tenas +t+at hig
woldon hine gefon.
<R 7.33>
+da cw+a+d se H+alend, gyt ic beo sume hwile mid eow & ic ga
to +dam +te me sende.
<R 7.34>
Ge seca+d me & ne finda+t & ge ne magon cuman +tar ic eom.
<R 7.35>
+ta Iudeas cw+adon betweonan him sylfum, hwyder wyle +tes
faran +t+at we hine ne findon; Cwyst +tu wyle
he faran on +deoda todr+afednysse & hig l+aran?
<R 7.36>
Hw+at is +deos spr+ac +te he spryc+d, ge secea+t me & ne
finda+t & ge ne magon cuman +tar ic eom?
<R 7.37>
On +tam +aftemestan m+aran freolsd+age stod se H+alend &
clypode, cume to me se +de hine +tyrste & drince.
<R 7.38>
Se +te gelyf+t on me, swa +t+at gewrit cwy+d, lybbendes
w+atres flod flowa+d of his inno+de.
<R 7.39>
+t+at he cw+a+d be +tam gaste +te +ta sceoldon underfon +te
on hyne gelyfdon; +ta gyt n+as se gast geseald 
for+tam +te se H+alend n+as +da gyt gewuldrud.
<P 74>
<R 7.40>
Of +d+are tide seo menigeo cw+a+d +ta heo gehyrde +das his
spr+ace, +des is so+d witega.
<R 7.41>
Sume cw+adon, he is Crist.
Sume cw+adon, cwe+de ge cym+t Crist fram Galilea?
<R 7.42>
Hu ne cy+d +t+at gewrit +t+at Crist cym+d of Dauides cynne &
of Bethleem ceastre +tar +tar Dauid w+as?
<R 7.43>
Witodlice unge+tw+arnes w+as geworden on +t+are menigeo for
him.
<R 7.44>
Sume hig woldon hine niman ac hyra nan his n+a +athran.
<R 7.45>
+ta +tenas comon to +tam bisceopum & to +tam Phariseon & hig
cw+adon to him, for hwi ne brohton ge hine hider?
<R 7.46>
+ta andwyrdon +ta +tenas & cw+adon, ne spr+ac n+afre nan man
swa +tes man spryc+t.
<R 7.47>
+ta cw+adon +ta Pharisei to him, synt ge beswicene?
<R 7.48>
Cwe+de ge gelyfde +anig +t+ara ealdra o+d+de +t+ara Pharisea
on hyne?
<R 7.49>
Ac +teos menigeo +te ne cy+te +ta +a, hig synt awyrgede.
<R 7.50>
+da cw+a+d Nichodemus to him, se +te com to him on nyht se
w+as hyra an, cwyst +tu dem+d ure +a +anine man 
buton hyne man +ar gehyre & wite hw+at he do?
<P 76>
<R 7.52>
Hig andswaredon & cw+adon to him, cwyst +tu +t+at +tu si
Galileisc; Smea & geseoh +t+at nan witega ne cym+d 
fram Galilea.
<R 7.53>
& hig cyrdon ealle ham.
<R 8.1>
Se H+alend for on Oliuetes Dune.
<R 8.2>
& com eft on d+agred to +tam temple & eall +t+at folc com to
him & he s+at & l+arde hig.
<R 8.3>
+da l+addon +ta Pharisei & +da boceras to him an wif seo w+as
aparod on unrihth+amede & setton hig tomiddes 
hyra & cw+adon to him, Lareow, +tis wif w+as afundyn on
unrihton h+amede.
<R 8.5>
Moyses us bebead on +t+are +a +t+at we sceoldon +tus gerade
mid stanum oftorfian; Hw+at cwyst +tu?
<R 8.6>
+dis hig cw+adon his fandiende +t+at hig hine wrehton.
Se H+alend abeah ny+ter & wrat mid his fingre on +t+are
eor+tan.
<R 8.7>
+ta hig +turhwunedon hine axsiende +ta aras he upp & cw+a+d
to him, loca, hwylc eower si synleas wurpe
+arest stan on hi.
<R 8.8>
& he abeah eft & wrat on +t+are eor+tan.
<R 8.9>
+da hig +tis gehyrdon +ta eodon hig ut an +after anum & he
gebad +tar sylf & +t+at wif stod +t+ar on middan.
<P 78>
<R 8.10>
Se H+alend aras upp & cw+a+d to hyre, wif, hw+ar synd +ta +de
+te wregdon; Ne fordemde +te nan man?
<R 8.11>
& heo cw+a+d, na, Drihten.
& se H+alend cw+a+d, ne ic +te ne fordeme; Do ga & ne synga
+tu n+afre ma.
<R 8.12>
Eft se H+alend spr+ac +tas +ting to him & cw+a+d, ic eom
middaneardes leoht; se +te me fyli+t ne g+a+d he na 
on +tystro ac he h+af+d lifes leoht.
<R 8.13>
+da Pharisei cw+adon to him, +tu cyst+t gewitnesse be +de
sylfon, nis +din gewitnes so+d.
<R 8.14>
Se H+alend andswarede & cw+a+d to him, gif ic cy+te
gewitnesse be me sylfum min gewitnes is so+t for+tam 
+te ic wat hwanon ic com & hwyder ic ga, ge nyton hwanon ic
com ne hwyder ic ga.
<R 8.15>
Ge dema+d +after fl+asce, ic ne deme nanum men.
<R 8.16>
& gif ic deme min dom is so+d for+dam +te ic ne eom ana ac ic
& se F+ader +te me sende and eowre +a is 
awriten +t+at twegra manna gewitnes is so+d.
<R 8.18>
Ic eom +te cy+te gewitnesse be me sylfum & se F+ader +te me
sende cy+t gewitnesse be me.
<R 8.19>
Witodlice hig cw+adon to him, hwar is +tin F+ader?
Se H+alend him andswarude & cw+a+d, ne cunne ge me ne minne
F+ader; Gyf ge me cu+ton wen is +t+at ge cu+ton minne F+ader.
<P 80>
<R 8.20>
+das word he sp+ac +at cepsceamule & nan man hyne ne nam
for+tam +te hys tid ne com +ta gyt.
<R 8.21>
Witodlice eft se H+alend cw+a+t to him, ic fare & ge me
secea+d & ge swelta+t on eowre synne; Ne mage 
ge cuman +tyder ic fare.
<R 8.22>
+da cw+adon +ta Iudeas, cwe+de ge ofslyh+t he hine sylfne
for+tam he seg+d, ge ne magon cuman +tyder ic fare?
<R 8.23>
+da cw+a+t he to him, ge synt ny+tane & ic eom ufane.
Ge synt of +tison middanearde, ic ne eom of +tissan
middanearde.
<R 8.24>
Ic eow s+ade +t+at ge swelta+d on eowrum synnum.
Gif ge ne gelyfa+d +t+at ic hit sy ge swelta+d on eowre
synne.
<R 8.25>
+da cw+adon hi to him, hw+at eart +tu?
Se H+alend cw+a+d to him, ic eom fruma +te to eow sprece.
<R 8.26>
Ic h+abbe fela be eow to sprecenne & to demenne.
Ac se +te me sende is so+df+ast & ic sprece on middanearde
+ta +ting +te ic +at him gehyrde.
<R 8.27>
& hig ne undergeton +t+at he t+aalde him God to F+ader.
<R 8.28>
Se H+alend cw+a+d to him, +tonne ge mannes sunu upp ahebba+t
+tonne gecnawe ge +t+at ic hit eom & ic ne do 
nan +ting of me sylfum ac ic sprece +tas +ting swa F+ader
me l+arde.
<P 82>
<R 8.29>
& se +de me sende is mid me & he ne forl+at me anne for+tam
+te ic wyrce symble +ta +ting +te him synt gecweme.
<R 8.30>
+da he +das +ding spr+ac manega gelyfdon on him.
<R 8.31>
Witodlice se H+alend cw+a+d to +tam Iudeon +te him gelyfdon,
gif ge wunegea+d on minre sp+ace so+dlice ge
beo+d mine leorningcnihtas & ge oncnawa+d so+df+astnysse &
so+tf+astnes eow alyst.
<R 8.33>
+da andswarodon hi hym & cw+adon, we synt Abrahames cynnes &
ne +teowedon we nanum men n+afre; Humeta 
cwyst +tu ge beo+d frige?
<R 8.34>
Se H+alend him andswarude & cw+a+d, so+t ic eow secge +t+at
+alc +te synne wyrc+d is +t+are synne +teow.
<R 8.35>
Witodlice se +teow ne wuna+t on huse on ecnesse, se sunu
wuna+t on ecnesse.
<R 8.36>
Gif se sunu eow alyst ge beo+d so+dlice frige.
<R 8.37>
Ic wat +t+at ge synt Abrahames bearn ac ge secea+d me to
ofsleanne for+tam min sp+ac ne wuna+t on eow.
<R 8.38>
Ic sprece +t+at +te ic mid F+ader geseah & ge do+d +ta +ting
+te ge mid eowrum f+ader gesawon.
<R 8.39>
+da andswarodon hig & cw+adon to him, Abraham is ure f+ader.
+da cw+a+d se H+alend to him, gif ge Abrahames bearn synt
wyrcea+d Abrahames weorc.
<P 84>
<R 8.40>
Nu ge secea+d me to ofsleanne, +tone man +te eow s+ade
so+df+astnesse +ta +te ic gehyrde of Gode; Ne dyde
Abraham swa.
<R 8.41>
Ge wyrcea+d eowres f+ader weorc.
Hig cw+adon witodlice to him, ne synt we of forlire acennede,
we habba+d anne God to f+ader.
<R 8.42>
Witodlice se H+alend cw+a+t to him, gif God w+are eowre
f+ader witodlice ge lufedon me; Ic com of Gode, 
ne com ic na fram me sylfon ac he me sende.
<R 8.43>
Hwi ne gecnawe ge mine spr+ace?
<R 8.44>
Ge synt deofles bearn & ge wylla+t wyrcean eowres f+ader
willan.
He w+as fram frym+te manslaga & he ne wunode on
so+df+astnesse for+dam +te so+df+astnes nis on him; +donne
he spryc+d leasunga he spryc+t of him sylfum for+tam +te he
is leas & his f+ader eac.
<R 8.45>
Witodlice ge ne gelyfa+d me for+tam +te ic secge eow
so+df+astnysse.
<R 8.46>
Hwylc eower ascuna+d me for synne?
Gif ic so+d secge hwi ne gelyfe ge me?
<R 8.47>
Se +te is of Gode gehyr+d word, for+tig ge ne gehyra+d
for+tam +te ge ne synt of Gode.
<R 8.48>
Witodlice +ta Iudeas andswaredon & cw+adon to him, hwi ne
cwe+te we wel +t+at +du eart Samaritanisc & eart wod?
<P 86>
<R 8.49>
Se H+alend andswarude & cw+a+d, ne eom ic wod ac ic
arwur+tige minne F+ader & ge unarwur+dedon me.
<R 8.50>
Witodlice ne sece ic min wuldor, se is +te sec+d & dem+d.
<R 8.51>
So+dlice ic secge eow gif hwa mine spr+ace gehealt ne gesyh+t
he dea+d n+afre.
<R 8.52>
+da cw+adon +ta Iudeas, nu we witon +t+at +tu eart wod.
Abraham w+as dead & +ta witegan & +tu cwyst, gif hwa mine
spr+ace gehealt ne bi+d he n+afre dead.
<R 8.53>
Cwyst +tu +t+at +tu sy m+arra +tonne ure f+ader Abraham se
w+as dead, & +ta witegan w+aran deade; Hw+at +tinc+d 
+te +t+at +tu sy?
<R 8.54>
Se H+alend him andswarode, gif ic wuldrige me sylfne nis min
wuldor naht; Min F+ader is +te me wuldra+d 
be +tam ge cwe+da+t +t+at he sy ure god & ge ne cu+don
hine.
<R 8.55>
Ic hyne cann & gif ic secge +t+at ic hine ne cunne ic beo
leas & eow gelic ac ic hyne cann & ic healde his spr+ace.
<R 8.56>
Abraham eower f+ader geblissode +t+at he gesawe minn+a d+ag
& he geseah & geblissode.
<R 8.57>
+da Iudeas cw+adon to him, gyt +tu ne eart fiftig wintre &
gesawe +tu Abraham?
<R 8.58>
Se H+alend cw+a+d to him, ic w+as +ar+tam +te Abraham w+as.
<R 8.59>
Hig namon stanas to +tam +t+at hig woldon hyne torfian.
Se H+alend hine bedilegode & eode of +dam temple.
<P 88>
<R 9.1>
+da se H+alend for +ta geseah he anne man +te w+as blind
geboren.
<R 9.2>
& his leorningcnihtas hine axodon & cw+adon, lareow, hw+at
syngode +tes o+d+de his magas +t+at he w+are blind geboren?
<R 9.3>
Se H+alend andswarude & cw+a+d, ne syngode he ne his magas ac
+t+at Godes weorc w+are geswutelod on him.
<R 9.4>
Me gebyra+d to wyrceanne +t+as weorc +te me sende +ta hwile
+te hit d+ag is; Niht cym+t +tonne nan man wyrcan ne m+ag.
<R 9.5>
Ic eom middaneardes leoht +ta hwile +te ic on middanearde
eom.
<R 9.6>
+da he +tas +ting s+ade +ta sp+atte he on +ta eor+tan &
worhte fenn of his spatle & smyrede mid +tam fenne
ofer his eagan & cw+a+d to him, ga & +tweah +te on Syloes
mere.
<R 9.7>
He for & +twoh hine & com geseonde.
<R 9.8>
Witodlice his neahgeburas & +ta +te hine gesawon +ta he
w+adla w+as cw+adon, hu nis +tis se +de s+at & w+adlode?
<R 9.9>
Sume cw+adon, he hyt is, sume cw+adon nese, ac is him gelic.
He cw+a+t so+dlice, ic hit eom.
<R 9.10>
+da cw+adon hig to him, hu w+aron +tine eagan geopenede?
<P 90>
<R 9.11>
He andswarode & cw+a+d, se man +te is genemned H+alend worhte
fenn & smyrede mine eagan & cw+a+d to me,
ga to Siloes mere & +tweah +te, & ic eode & +twoh me &
geseah.
<R 9.12>
+da cw+adon hig to him, hwar is he?
+ta cw+a+d he, ic nat.
<R 9.13>
Hig l+addon to +tam Phariseon +tone +te +tar blind w+as.
<R 9.14>
Hit w+as rested+ag +ta se H+alend worhte +t+at fenn & his
eagan untynde.
<R 9.15>
Eft +ta Pharisei hyne axsedon hu he gesawe.
He cw+a+d to him, he dyde fenn ofer mine +aagan & ic +twoh &
ic geseo.
<R 9.16>
Sume +ta Pharisei cw+adon, nis +des man of gode +te rested+ag
ne healt; Sume cw+adon, hu m+ag synful mann 
+tas tacn wyrcean; & hig fliton him betweonan.
<R 9.17>
Hig cw+adon eft to +tam blindan, hw+at segst +tu be +tam +te
+tine eagan untynde; He cw+a+d, he is witega.
<R 9.18>
Ne gelyfdon +ta Iudeas be him +t+at he blind w+are & gesawe
+ar+tam +te hig clypodon his magas +te gesawon 
& axodon hig & cw+adon, is +dis eower sunu +te ge secga+d
+t+at blind w+are acenned; Humeta gesyh+t he
nu?
<R 9.20>
Hys magas him andswaredon & cw+adon, we witon +t+at +tes ure
sunu & +t+at he w+as [{blind{] acenned.
<P 92>
<R 9.21>
We nyton humete he nu gesyh+t ne hwa his eagan untynde.
Ahxsia+d hine sylfne, yllde he h+af+d, sprece for hine
sylfne.
<R 9.22>
His magas sp+acon +tas +ting for+tam +te hig ondredon +ta
Iudeas.
+da gedihton +ta Iudeas gif hwa crist andette +t+at he w+are
butan hyra geferr+adene.
<R 9.23>
For+tam cw+adon his magas, he h+af+t ylde, axia+d hine
sylfne.
<R 9.24>
+da clypodon hig eft +tone mann +te +ar blind w+as & cw+adon
to him, sege Gode wuldor, we witon +t+at he is synful.
<R 9.25>
& he cw+a+d, gif he synful is +t+at ic nat, an +ting ic wat
+t+at ic w+as blind & +t+at ic nu geseo.
<R 9.26>
+da cw+adon hig to him, hw+at dyde he +te?
Hu ontynde he +tine eagan?
<R 9.27>
He andswarode him & cw+a+d, ic eow s+ade +ar & ge gehyrdon.
Hwi wylle ge hyt eft gehyran; Cwe+de ge wylle ge beon his
leorningcnihtas?
<R 9.28>
+ta wyrigdon hig hine & cw+adon, si +tu his leorningcniht, we
synt Moyses leorningcnihtas.
<R 9.29>
We witon +t+at God sp+ac wi+t Moyses, nyte we hwanon +tes is.
<R 9.30>
Se man andswarode & cw+a+d to him, +t+at is wundorlic +t+at
ge nyton hwanon he is & he untynde mine eagan.
<P 94>
<R 9.31>
We witon so+tlice +t+at God ne gehyr+t synfulle ac gif hwa is
Gode gecoren & his willan wyrc+d +tone he
gehyr+d.
<R 9.32>
Ne gehyrde we n+afre on worulde +t+at +anig ontynde +t+as
eagan +te w+are blind geboren.
<R 9.33>
Ne mihte +tes nan +ting don gif he n+are of Gode.
<R 9.34>
Hig andswaredon & cw+adon to him, eall, +tu eart on synnum
geboren & +tu l+arst us; & hig drifon hine
ut.
<R 9.35>
+da se H+alend gehyrde +t+at hig hyne drifon ut +ta cw+a+d he
to him +ta he hine gemitte, gelyfst +tu on Godes sunu?
<R 9.36>
He andswarude & cw+a+d, hwylc is, Drihten, +t+at ic on hine
gelyfe?
<R 9.37>
And se H+alend cw+a+d to him, +tu hine gesawe & se +de wi+d
+te spryc+d, se hit is.
<R 9.38>
+da cw+a+t he, Drihten ic gelyfe.
& he feoll ny+ter & geea+dmedde hyne.
<R 9.39>
& se H+alend cw+a+d to him, ic com on +tysne middaneard to
demenne +t+at +ta sceolon geseon +te ne geseo+d
& beon blinde +ta +te geseo+d.
<R 9.40>
+da +t+at gehyrdon +ta Pharisei +te mid him w+aron +da
cw+adon hig to hym, cwyst +tu synt we blinde?
<R 9.41>
& se H+alend cw+a+d to him, gif ge blinde w+aron n+afde ge
nane synne; Nu ge secga+d +t+at +t+at ge geseon,
+t+at is eowre synn.
<P 96>
<R 10.1>
So+t ic secge eow se +te ne g+a+d +at +tam gete into sceapa
falde ac styh+t elles ofer he is +teof & scea+da.
<R 10.2>
Se +te ing+a+t +at +tam geate he is sceapa hyrde.
<R 10.3>
+t+ane se geatweard l+at in & +ta sceap gehyra+d his stefne &
he nem+d his agene sceap be naman, l+at hig ut.
<R 10.4>
& +tonne he his agene sceap l+at ut he g+a+d beforan him &
+ta sceap him fyligea+d for+tam +te hig gecnawa+d his stefne.
<R 10.5>
Ne fyligea+t hig uncu+tum ac fleo+d fram him for+dam +te hig
ne gecneowun uncu+dra stefne.
<R 10.6>
+dis bigspell se H+alend him s+ade.
Hig nyston hw+at he spr+ac to him.
<R 10.7>
Eft se H+alend cw+a+d to him, so+t ic eow secge ic eom sceapa
geat.
<R 10.8>
Ealle +ta +te comun w+aron +teofas & scea+tan ac +ta sceap
hig ne gehyrdon.
<R 10.9>
Ic eom geat; Swa hwylc swa +turh me g+a+d by+t hal & g+a+d in
and ut & fint l+ase.
<R 10.10>
+teof ne cym+d buton +t+at he stele & slea & fordo.
Ic com to +tam +t+at hig habbon lif & habbon genoh.
<R 10.11>
Ic eom god hyrde.
God hyrde syl+t his lif for his sceapon.
<P 98>
<R 10.12>
Se hyra se +te nis hyrde & se +te nah +ta sceap, +tonne he
+tone wulf gesyh+t, +tonne flyh+d he & forl+at 
+ta sceap & se wulf nim+d & todrif +da sceap.
<R 10.13>
Se hyra flyh+t for+tam +te he bi+d ahyrod & him ne gebyra+d
to +tam sceapum.
<R 10.14>
Ic eom god hyrde & ic gecnawe mine sceap & hig gecnawa+d me.
<R 10.15>
Swa min F+ader can me ic can minne F+ader.
<R 10.16>
& ic h+abbe o+dre sceap +ta ne synt of +disse heorde & hit
gebyra+d +t+at ic l+ade +t+age & hig gehyra+d mine 
stefne & hyt by+t an heord & an hyrde.
<R 10.17>
For+tam F+ader me lufa+d for+tam +te ic sylle mine sawle &
hig eft nime.
<R 10.18>
Ne nim+d hig nan man +at me ac l+ate hig fram me sylfum.
Ic h+abbe anweald mine sawle to al+atane & ic h+abbe anweald
hig eft to nimanne; +tis bebod ic nam +at
minum F+ader.
<R 10.19>
Eft w+as unge+dw+arnes geworden betwyx +tam Iudeum for +tysum
spr+acum.
<R 10.29>
Manega hyra cw+adon, deofol is on him & he cw+a+d, Hwi hlyste
ge him?
<R 10.21>
Sume cw+adon, ne synt na +tis wodes mannes word.
Cwyst +tu m+ag wod man blindra manna eagan ontynan?
<R 10.22>
+ta w+aron templhalgunga on Ierusalem & hit w+as winter.
<R 10.23>
& se H+alend eode on +tam temple on Salomones portice.
<P 100>
<R 10.24>
+da bestodon +ta Iudeas hyne utan & cw+adon to him, hu lange
g+alst +tu ure lif; Sege us openlice hw+a+ter +tu Crist sy.
<R 10.25>
Se H+alend him andswarode & cw+a+t, ic spece to eow & ge ne
gelyfa+d; +ta weorc +te ic wyrce on mines F+ader 
naman +ta cy+ta+t gewitnesse be me ac ge ne gelyfa+d
for+tam +te ge ne synt of minum sceapum.
<R 10.27>
Mine sceap gehyra+t mine stefne & ic gecnawe hig & hig
folgia+d me.
<R 10.28>
& ic him sylle ece lif & hig ne forwur+da+t n+afre & ne nim+d
hig nan man of minre handa.
<R 10.29>
+t+at +te min F+ader me sealde is m+arre +tonne +anig o+der
+ding & ne m+ag hit nan man niman of mines F+ader handa.
<R 10.30>
Ic & F+ader synt an.
<R 10.31>
+da Iudeas namon stanas +t+at hig woldon hyne torfian.
<R 10.32>
Se H+alend him andswarode & cw+a+d, manega gode weorc ic eow
+ateowde be minum F+ader; For hwylcum +t+are 
weorca wylle ge me h+anan?
<R 10.33>
+ta Iudeas him andswaredon & cw+adon, ne h+ane we +de for
godum weorce ac for +tinre bysmorsp+ace & for+tam 
+te +tu eart man & wyrcst +te to gode.
<R 10.34>
Se H+alend andswarode & cw+a+d, hu nys hit awriten on eowre
+a +t+at ic s+ade ge synt godas?
<P 102>
<R 10.35>
Gif he +ta tealde godas +te Godes sp+ac to w+as geworden &
+t+at halige gewrit ne m+ag beon awend, +te 
F+ader gehalgode & sende on middaneard ge secga+d +t+at +tu
bysmor spycst for+tam ic s+ade ic eom Godes sunu.
<R 10.37>
Gif ic ne wyrce mines F+ader weorc ne gelyfa+d me.
<R 10.38>
Gif ic wyrce mines F+ader weorc & gif ge me nella+d gelyfan
gelyfa+d +tam weorcum +t+at ge oncnawun & gelyfon 
+t+at F+ader ys on me & ic on F+ader.
<R 10.39>
Hig smeadon witodlice embe +t+at hig woldon hine gefon & he
eode ut fram him.
<R 10.40>
& he for eft ofer Iordanen to +t+are stowe +te Iohannes w+as
& +arest on fullode & he wunode +tar.
<R 10.41>
& manega comon to him & cw+adon, witodlice ne worhte Iohannes
nan tacn; Ealle +ta +ting +te Iohannes 
s+ade be +tyson w+aron so+de.
<R 10.42>
& manega gelyfdon on hyne.
<R 11.1>
Witodlice sum seoc man w+as genemned Lazarus of Bethania of
Marian ceastre & of Martham his swustra.
<R 11.2>
Hit w+as seo Maria +te smyrede Drihten mid +t+are sealfe &
drigde his fet mid hyre loccon; Lazarus hyre 
bro+dor w+as geyfled.
<R 11.3>
His swustra sendon to him & cw+adon, Drihten, nu is seoc se
+de +tu lufast.
<P 104>
<R 11.4>
+da se H+alend +t+at gehyrde +ta cw+a+d he to him, nys +teos
untrumnys na for dea+de ac for Godes wuldre +t+at 
Godes sunu si gewuldrod +turh hyne.
<R 11.5>
So+dlice se H+alend lufode Martham & hyre swustor Mariam &
Lazarum hyra bro+dor.
<R 11.6>
Witodlice he w+as twegen dagas on +d+are sylfan stowe +ta he
gehyrde +t+at he seoc w+as.
<R 11.7>
+after +tisson he cw+a+d to his leorningcnihton, uton faran
eft to Iudea lande.
<R 11.8>
His leorningcnihtas cw+adon to him, Lareow, nu +ta Iudeas
sohton +de +t+at hig woldon +te h+anan & wylt 
+tu eft faran +dyder?
<R 11.9>
Se H+alend him andswarode & cw+a+d, hu ne synt twelf tida
+t+as d+ages; Gif hwa g+a+d on d+ag ne +atspyn+d he 
for+tam he gesyh+t +tyses middaneardes leoht.
<R 11.10>
Gif he g+a+d on niht he +atspyrn+d for+tam +te leoht nis on
hyre.
<R 11.11>
+das +ding he cw+a+d & sy+d+dan he cw+a+d to him, Lazarus ure
freond sl+ap+d ac ic wylle gan & awreccan hyne of sl+ape.
<R 11.12>
His leorningcnihtas cw+adon, Drihten, gif he sl+ap+d he by+t
hal.
<R 11.13>
Se H+alend hit cw+a+d be his dea+te.
Hi wendon so+dlice +t+at he hyt s+ade be swefnes sl+ape.
<R 11.14>
+da cw+a+d se H+alend openlice to him, Ladzarus ys dead.
<P 106>
<R 11.15>
& ic eom bli+te for eowrum +tingon +t+at ge gelyfon for+tam
ic n+as +tara ac uton gan to him.
<R 11.16>
+da cw+a+d Thomas to hys geferan, uton gan & sweltan mid him.
<R 11.17>
+da for se H+alend & gemette +t+at he w+as for+dfaren & for
feower dagon bebyrged.
<R 11.18>
Bethania ys gehende Ierusalem ofer fyftyne furlang.
<R 11.19>
Manega +tara Iudea comon to Martham & to Marian +t+at hig
woldon hi frefrian for hyra bro+dor +tingon.
<R 11.20>
+da Martha gehyrde +t+at se H+alend com +ta arn heo ongean
hyne & Maria s+at +at ham.
<R 11.21>
+da cw+a+d Martha to +tam H+alende, Drihten, gif +tu w+are
her n+are min bro+dor dead.
<R 11.22>
& ec ic wat nu +ta +t+at God +te syl+d swa hw+at swa +du hyne
bitst.
<R 11.23>
+da cw+a+d se H+alend to hyre, +tin bro+dor arist.
<R 11.24>
& Martha cw+a+t to him, ic wat +t+at he arist on +tam
ytemestan d+age.
<R 11.25>
& se H+alend cw+a+d to hyre, ic eom +aryst & lif.
Se +de gelyf+d on me +teah he dead sy he leofa+d & ne swylt
nan +tara +te leofa+d & gelyf+d on me.
<R 11.26>
Gelyfst +tu +tyses?
<R 11.27>
Heo cw+a+d to him, witodlice Drihten, ic gelyfe +t+at +tu
eart Crist, Godes sunu, +te on middaneard come.
<P 108>
<R 11.28>
& +ta heo +das +ting s+ade heo eode & clypode diglice Marian
hyre swustor +tus cwe+tende, her is ure lareow & clypa+d +te.
<R 11.29>
+da heo +t+at gehyrde heo aras ra+de & com to him.
<R 11.30>
+da gyt ne com se H+alend binnan +ta ceastre ac w+as +da gyt
on +d+are stowe +tar Martha him ongean com.
<R 11.31>
+ta Iudeas +te w+aron mid hyre on huse & hi frefrodon +ta hig
gesawon +t+at Maria aras & mid ofste uteodon 
hig fyligdon hyre +dus cwe+tende, heo g+a+d to his
byrgenne +t+at heo wepe +tara.
<R 11.32>
+da Maria com +tar se H+aled w+as & heo hine geseah heo feoll
to his fotum & cw+a+d to him, Drihten, gif 
+du w+are her n+are min bro+dor dead.
<R 11.33>
+da se H+alend geseah +t+at heo weop & +t+at +ta Iudeas
weopon +te mid hyre comon he geomrode on hys gaste 
& gedrefde hyne sylfne & cw+a+d, hwar lede ge hine?
<R 11.34>
Hig cw+adon to him, Drihten, ga & geseoh.
<R 11.35>
& se H+alend weop & +ta Iudeas cw+adon, loca nu hu he hyne
lufode.
<R 11.37>
Sume hi cw+adon, ne mihte +des +te ontynde blindes eagan don
eac +t+at +tes n+are dead?
<R 11.38>
Eft se H+alend geomrode on him sylfum & com to +t+are
byrgenne hit w+as an scr+af & +tar w+as an stan onuppan geled.
<P 110>
<R 11.39>
And se H+alend cw+a+d, do+d aweg +tone stan.
+da cw+a+d Martha to him, +t+as swustor +te +tar dead w+as,
Drihten, nu he sting+d, he w+as for feowur dagon dead.
<R 11.40>
Se H+alend cw+a+d to hyre, ne s+ade ic +de +t+at +tu gesyhst
Godes wuldor gif +du gelyfst?
<R 11.41>
+ta dydon hig aweg +tone stan.
Se H+alend ahof upp his eagan & cw+a+d, F+ader, ic do +te
+tancas for+tam +tu gehyrdest.
<R 11.42>
Ic wat +t+at +tu me symle gehyrst ac ic cw+a+d for +tam folce
+te her ymbutan stent +t+at hig gelyfon +t+at +tu me asendest.
<R 11.43>
+da he +das +ting s+ade he clypode mycelre stefne, Lazarus,
ga ut.
<R 11.44>
& sona stop for+d se +de dead w+as gebunden handan & fotan &
hys nebb w+as mid swatline gebunden; +da 
cw+a+d se H+alend to him, unbinda+d hine & l+ata+d gan.
<R 11.45>
Manega +tara Iudea +te comon to Marian & gesawon +da +ting
+te he dyde gelyfdon on hine.
<R 11.46>
Hi sume foron to +tam Phariseon & s+adon him +ta +ding +te se
H+alend dyde.
<R 11.47>
Witodlice +ta bisceopas & +ta Pharisei gaderydon gemot &
cw+adun, hw+at do we for+tam +tes man wyrc+d mycel tacn?
<R 11.48>
Gif we hine forl+ata+t ealle gelyfa+d on hine & Romane cuma+d
& nima+d ure land & urne +teodscipe.
<P 112>
<R 11.49>
Hyra an w+as genemned Caiphas se w+as +da on gere bisceop &
cw+a+d to him, ge nyton nan +ting ne ne ge+tencea+d 
+t+at us ys betere +t+at an man swelte for folce &
eall +teod ne forwur+de.
<R 11.51>
Ne cw+a+d he +t+at of him sylfum ac +ta he w+as +t+at ger
bisceop he witgode +t+at se H+alend sceolde sweltan 
for +d+are +teode & na synderlice for +t+are +deode ac
+t+at he wolde gesomnian tog+adere Godes bearn +te 
todrifene w+aron.
<R 11.53>
Of +tam d+age hig +tohton +t+at hi woldon hyne ofslean.
<R 11.54>
+ta ne for se H+alend na openlice gemang +dam Iudeon ac for
on +t+at land wi+d +t+at westen on +ta burh +te
ys genemned Effrem & wunode +t+ar myd his leorningcnihton.
<R 11.55>
Iudea Eastron w+aron gehende & manega foron of +dam lande to
Ierusalem +ar +tam Eastron +t+at hig woldon 
hig sylfe gehalgian.
<R 11.56>
Hig sohton +tone H+alend & spr+acon him betwynan +d+ar hig
stodon on +dam temple & +tus cw+adon, hw+at wene 
ge +t+at he ne cume to freolsd+age?
<R 11.57>
+ta bisceopas & +ta pharisei h+afdon beboden gif hwa wiste
hwar he w+are +t+at he hyt cydde +t+at hig mihton hine niman.



<B COLINDIS>
<Q O3 XX NEWT LIND>
<N NEW TEST LINDISF>
<A ALDRED>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K SAME>
<D AN>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G GLOSS>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  LINDISFARNE GOSPELS.
THE HOLY GOSPELS IN ANGLO-SAXON,
NORTHUMBRIAN AND OLD MERCIAN VERSIONS.
ED. W. W. SKEAT.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1871-1887.
LUKE I.1 - IX.62, PP. 15.2 - 107.4^]

[^C8.1.3^]
<P 15>
<R 1>
[} (\INCIPIT EUANGELIUM SECUNDUM LUCAM\)  ONGINNE+D GODSPELL
+AFTER LUCAS.}]
<R 1.1>
(\Quoniam quidem multi conati sunt ordinare narrationem quae
in nobis completae sunt rerum\) for+don 
aec so+d monigo cunnendo woeron +t+atte hia geendebrednadon
+d+at gesaga +da+de in usic gefylled aron +dingana.
<R 1.2>
(\sicut tradiderunt nobis qui ab initio ipsi uiderunt et
ministri fuerunt sermonis\) su+a gesaldon us 
+da+de from frumma +da gesegon & embehtmenn woeron wordes.
<R 1.3>
(\uisum est et mihi assecuto a principio omnia diligenter ex
ordine tibi scribere optime theophile\) 
gesegen w+as +ac me offylgde from fruma alle georne mi+d
endebrednise +de auritta +du gecorene theofile.
<R 1.4>
(\ut cognoscas eorum uerborum de quibus eruditus es
ueritatem\) +t+atte +du ongette hiora worda of +d+am gel+ared 
ar+d on so+df+astnise.
<R 1.5>
(\Fuit in diebus herodis regis iudaeae sacerdos quidam nomine
zacharias de uice abia et uxor illi de
filiabus aron et nomen eius elisabet\) w+as in dagum hero+des
cyninges iude+a sacerd sum mi+d noma of lond 
abia & wif +d+am vel him of dohterum aaron & noma his
elizabeth.
<R 1.6>
(\erant autem iusti ambo ante deum incedentes in omnibus
mandatis et iustificationibus domini sine quaerella\) 
woeron uutedlice so+df+asto boego fore gode
f+arendo in allum bodum & so+df+astnissum drihtnes
buta grornunge.
<R 1.7>
(\et non erat illis filius eo quod esset elisabeth sterelis et
ambo processissent in diebus suis\) & 
ne w+as him [{vel{] +d+am sunu for+don w+as elizabeth unberend
& boege gefeollon on dagum hiora.
<R 1.8>
(\factum est autem cum sacerdotio fungeretur in ordine uicis
suae ante deum\) aworden w+as uutedlice mi+d+dy 
s+acerdhad gebrece in endebrednise londes his fore
gode.
<P 17>
<R 1.9>
(\secundum consuetudinem sacerdoti sorte exiit ut incensum
poneret ingressus in templum domini\) +after 
gewuna sacerdhades of hlodti eode +t+atte roecels gesette
innfoerde on tempel drihtnes.
<R 1.10>
(\et omnis multitudo erat populi orans foris hora incensi\) &
alli +dio menigo w+as +d+as folces biddende
uta +ad tid lehtes.
<R 1.11>
(\apparuit autem illi angelus domini stans a dextris altaris
incensi\) +adeauade uutedlice +d+am engel drihtnes 
stode to sui+drum wigbeddes beorning.
<R 1.12>
(\et zacharias turbatus est uidens et timor irruit super eum\)
& gestyred w+as mi+d+dy ges+ah & ondo gefeoll 
ofer hine.
<R 1.13>
(\ait autem ad illum angelus ne timeas zacharia quoniam
exaudita est depraecatio tua et uxor tua elisabet 
pariet tibi filium et uocabis nomen eius iohannem\)
cuoe+d uutedlice to +d+am vel to him se engel
ne ondred +du for+don gehered w+as vel is gebeodo +dina & uif
+din elizabeth bere+d +de sunu & +du geceige
noma his iohannes.
<R 1.14>
(\et erit gaudium tibi et exultatio et multi in natiuitate
eius gaudebunt\) & bi+d gefea +de & gl+adnise
& monigo in accennisse his bi+don gl+ade.
<R 1.15>
(\erit enim magnus coram domino et uinum et sicera non bibet
et spiritu sancto replebitur athuc ex utero 
matris su+e\) bi+d for+don micel befora drihtno & win &
bear ne drince+d & gaaste halge gefylled bi+d 
+da gett w+as in inna moderes his.
<R 1.16>
(\et multos filiorum israel conuertet ad dominum deum
ipsorum\) & monigo suno isra+ale gecerre+d to drihtne 
gode hiora vel +dara.
<R 1.17>
(\et ipse praecedet ante illum in spiritu et uirtute heliae
ut conuertat corda patrum [^TORONTO CORPUS: patruum^] \) 
(\in filios et incredibiles [^TORONTO CORPUS: 
ingredibiles^] ad prudentiam iustorum parare domino 
plebem perfectum\) & he foreg+a+d fore +d+am in gaast
& of vel mi+d m+aht heli+as +t+atte gecerre hearta uutuna
vel +aldra in sunum & +da ungeleafullo to hogascipe 
so+df+astra gegearuiga drihtne folc wisf+ast.
<R 1.18>
(\et dixit zacharias ad angelum unde hoc sciam ego enim sum
senex et uxor mea processit in diebus suis\) 
& cuoe+d zacharias to +d+am engel huona +dis ic witto ic
for+don am ald & uif min gefeall in dagum his.
<R 1.19>
(\Et respondens angelus dixit ei ego sum gabrihel qui adsto
ante deum et missus sum loqui ad te et haec 
tibi euangelizare\) & geonduarde se engel cuoe+d him ic am
gabrihel se+de ic tostondo fore gode & sendet 
am +t+at ic sprece to +de & +das +de gebodage.
<P 19>
<R 1.20>
(\Et ecce eris tacens et non poteris loqui usque in diem quo
haec fiant pro eo quod non credidisti uerbis 
meis quae inplebuntur in tempore suo\) & heono +du bist
suigend+a & ne m+age +du gesprece o+d+d on doege 
of +d+am +das gewor+des fore +don +t+atte ne gelefdest
+du wordum minum +da +de gefylled bi+don on tid hiora.
<R 1.21>
(\et erat plebs expectans zachariam et mirabantur quod
tardaret ipse in templo\) & w+as +t+at folc bidende 
& awundradon +t+atte hlattade he in temple.
<R 1.22>
(\egressus autem non poterat loqui ad illos et cognouerunt
quod uisionem uidisset in templo et ipse 
erat innuens illis et permansit mutus\) eode uutedlice ne
m+ahte spreca to him & ongeton +t+at +t+atte gesih+do 
gesege in temple & he w+as becnende +d+am vel him &
+derhwunade dumb.
<R 1.23>
(\et factum est ut impleti sunt dies officii eius abiit in
domum suam\) & aworden w+as +t+atte gefylde weron +da 
dagas embihtes his eode in hus his.
<R 1.24>
(\post hos autem dies concepit elisabet uxor eius et
occultabat se mensibus quinque dicens\) +after +das 
uutedlice dagas acende [{vel{] geb+ar wif his & gedegelde
hia mone+dum fifo cuoe+d.
<R 1.25>
(\quia sic fecit mihi dominus in diebus quibus respexit
auferre opprobrium meum inter homines\) for+don 
sua dyde me drihten on dagum +d+am eftbeheald to nummanne
telnise min bituih monnum.
<R 1.26>
(\In mense autem sexto missus est angelus gabrihel a deo in
ciuitatem galilaeae cui nomen nazareth\) 
on mona+de uutedlice +da seista g+asended w+as [{se{] angel
from gode in galilie ceastra to +d+ar noma.
<R 1.27>
(\ad uirginem desponsatam uirgo cui nomen erat ioseph de domo
dauid et nomen uirginis mariam\) to hehstalde 
gewoedded vel f+astnad hehstald +d+are noma w+as of
hus daui+d & noma +d+are hehstaldes.
<R 1.28>
(\et ingressus angelus ad eam dixit haue gratia plena dominus
tecum benedicta tu in mulieribus\) & infoerde 
se angel to hia vel hire cuoe+d hal mi+d gefea full
drihten +dec mi+d gebloedsad +du in wifum.
<R 1.29>
(\quae cum audisset turbata est in sermone eius et cogitabat
qualis esset ista salutatio\) +da vel +diu
mi+d+dy geherde gedroefad w+as in word his & ge+dohte hulig
vel huu w+as vel were +dios groeteng.
<P 21>
<R 1.30>
(\et ait angelus ei ne timeas maria inuenisti enim gratiam
apud deum\) & cuoe+d se angel him ne on+dred
+du maria gemoetest +du for+don gefea mi+d gode.
<R 1.31>
(\ecce concipiens in utero et paries filium et uocabis nomen
eius iesum\) heono geecnande in inna & +du 
acennes sunu & geceige +du noma his h+alend.
<R 1.32>
(\hic erit magnus et filius altissimi uocabitur et dabit illi
dominus sedem dauid patris eius\) +des bi+d 
micel & sunu +d+as heiste geceiged bi+d & sele+d him se
drihten sedle daui+des fadores his.
<R 1.33>
(\et regnabit in domo iacob in aeternum et regni eius non
erit finis\) & he ricsa+d in hus iacobes in
ecnisse & rices his ne bi+d ende.
<R 1.34>
(\dixit autem maria ad angelum quomodo fiet istud quoniam
uirum non cognosco\) cuoe+d uutedlice to +d+am
engel huu wor+des +dis for+don wer ne conn ic.
<R 1.35>
(\et respondens angelus dixit ei spiritus sanctus superueniet
in te et uirtus altissimi abumbrabit tibi 
ideoquae et quod nascetur sanctum uocabitur filius dei\) &
geonduearde se angel cuoe+d him gaast 
halig ofercyme+d on +deh & m+aht +d+as heisto oferwriga+d +de
& for+don & +t+atte accenned bi+d halig bi+d geceid sunu godes.
<R 1.36>
(\et ecce elisabeth cognata tua et ipsa concepit filium in
senecta sua et hic mensis est sextus illi
quae uocatur sterelis\) & heono foereld +din & +da acende
sunu on h+aldo hire & +dis mone+d is +de seista
+d+ar +diu geceiged is [{unberend{] .
<R 1.37>
(\quia non erit inpossibile apud deum omne uerbum\) +t+atte
vel for+don ne bi+d unm+ahticlic mi+d god all vel 
eghuoelc word.
<R 1.38>
(\dixit autem maria ecce ancilla domini fiat mihi secundum
uerbum tuum et discessit ab illa angelus\)
cuoe+d +donne heono +diwa drihtnes sie me +after word +dinum
& fearrade from hia se angel.
<R 1.39>
(\exurgens autem maria in diebus illis abiit in montana cum
festinatione in ciuitatem iuda\) aras uutedlice 
on dagum +d+am foerde on morum mi+d oefeste on ceastre.
<R 1.40>
(\et intrauit in domum zachariae et salutauit elisabeth\) &
infoerde in hus zachari+a & gegroette.
<R 1.41>
(\et factum est ut audiuit salutationem mariae elizabeth
exultauit infans in utero eius et repleta est 
spiritu sancto elisabeth\) & aworden w+as +t+atte he
geherde groeting mari+as gefeade se cild in inna
hire & gefylled w+as halge gaste.
<P 23>
<R 1.42>
(\et exclamauit uoce magna et dixit benedicta tu inter
mulieres et benedictus fructus uentris tui\) &
geceigede stefne mi+d micla & cuoe+d gebloedsad +du bituih
wifum & gebloedsad w+astm inna+des +dines.
<R 1.43>
(\et unde hoc mihi ut ueniat mater domini mei ad me\) & huona
+dis me +t+atte cyme moder drihtnes mines to me.
<R 1.44>
(\ecce enim facta est uox salutationis tuae in auribus meis
exultauit in gaudio infans in utero meo\) 
heono for+don aworden w+as stefn groetenges +dines in earum
minum gefeade in gl+adnise se cild vel in inna+d minum.
<R 1.45>
(\et beata quae credidit quoniam perficientur ea quae dicta
sunt ei a domino\) & eadigo +da +dio gelefde 
for+don +derhgeendad bi+don +da +da+de gecuoeden sint him
from drihtne.
<R 1.46>
(\et ait maria magnificat anima mea dominum\) & cue+d
wundria+d vel micla+d sauel min +done drihtne.
<R 1.47>
(\et exultauit spiritus meus in deo salutari meo\) & gefeade
vel gaast min in gode halwoende mine.
<R 1.48>
(\quia respexit humilitatem ancill+e suae ecce enim ex hoc
beatam me dicent omnes generationes\) for+don 
eftlocade e+dmodnise +diu+as his heono for+don of +disum
eadigo mec cuoe+da+d alle cneoreso.
<R 1.49>
(\quia fecit mihi magna qui potens est et sanctum nomen eius\)
for+don dyde me miclo se+de m+ahtig is & halig noma his.
<R 1.50>
(\Et misericordia eius in progenies et progenies timentibus
eum\) & miltheortnise his in so+d cneoreso
& cneoreso ondredendum hine.
<R 1.51>
(\fecit potentiam in brachio suo dispersit superbos mente
cordis sui\) dyde m+aht on arme his tostraegd 
+da oferhygdego mi+d +doht heortes his.
<R 1.52>
(\deposuit potentes de sede et exaltauit humiles\) tosceaf +da
m+ahtigo of sedle & ahof +da e+dmodo.
<R 1.53>
(\esurientes inpleuit bonis et diuites dimisit inanes\) +da
hyngerendo gefylde mi+d godum & +da weligo forleort +da idlo.
<R 1.54>
(\suscepit israhel puerum suum memorari misericordiae suae\)
ondfeng israel cn+aht his +t+atte were gemyndgad 
miltheortnise his.
<R 1.55>
(\sicut locutus est ad patres nostros abraham et semini eius
in saecula\) su+a gesprecen w+as to fadores
usra & sede his in worulde.
<P 25>
<R 1.56>
(\mansit autem maria cum illa quasi mensibus tribus et reuersa
est in domum suam\) gewunade uutedlice
mi+d hia su+alce mona+dum +driim & eftcerde vel awoended w+as
in hus his.
<R 1.57>
(\Elisabeth autem impletum est tempus pariendi et peperit
filium\) +donne gefylled w+as +dio tid acennise & acende sunu.
<R 1.58>
(\et audierunt uicini et cognati eius quia magnificauit
dominus misericordiam suam cum illa et congratulabantur 
ei\) & geherdon +da neheburas & +da cu+damen hire
for+don sui+de gemiclade se drihten [{miltheortnisse{] 
his mi+d hia vel +d+ar & efnege+doncadon hir.
<R 1.59>
(\et factum est in die octauo uenerunt circumcidere puerum et
uocant eum nomine patris eius zachariam\) 
& aworden w+as on d+age +da +ahta+de cuomon to
ymbcearfanne +tone cn+aht & geceigde hine noma fadores his.
<R 1.60>
(\et respondens mater eius dixit nequaquam sed uocabitur
iohannes\) & geonduearde moder his cuoe+d +anigom 
+ding ah geceiged bi+d iohannes.
<R 1.61>
(\et dixerunt ad illam quia nemo est in cognatione tua qui
uocetur hoc nomine\) & cuoedon to +d+ar ilca
+t+atte ne +anig is in cy+d+do +din se+de geceiged +disum
noma.
<R 1.62>
(\innuebant autem patri eius quem uellet uocari eum\)
gebecnadon +donne feder his huoelcne w+alde geceiga hine.
<R 1.63>
(\et postulans pugilarem scribsit dicens iohannes est nomen
eius et mirati sunt uniuersi\) & gegiuade
w+axbred arat cuoe+d iohannes is noma his & gewundradon alle.
<R 1.64>
(\apertum est autem ilico os eius et lingua eius et
loquebatur benedicens deum\) untyned w+as +donne sona 
mu+d his & tunga his & spr+acend w+as gebloedsade god.
<R 1.65>
(\et factus est timor super omnes uicinos eorum et super omnia
montana iudaeae diuulgabantur omnia uerba h+ec\) 
& aworden w+as ondo ofer alle neheburas hiora & ofer
alle morlonda iud+aes weron gemersad alle worda +das.
<R 1.66>
(\et posuerunt omnes qui audierant in corde suo dicentes quid
putas puer iste erit et erit manus domini 
erat coram illo\) & geseton alle +da+de geherdon in heorta
hiora cuoe+dendo hu+ad woenes +du cn+aht +des 
bi+d & bi+d hond drihtnes w+as fora hine.
<R 1.67>
(\et zacharias pater eius impletus est spiritu sancto et
prophetauit dicens\) & fader his gefylled w+as 
halge gaaste & gewitgade cuoe+dende vel cuoe+d.
<P 27>
<R 1.68>
(\Benedictus dominus deus israhel quia uisitauit et fecit
redemtionem plebi suae\) se gebloedsad drihten 
god israela for+don gesohte & dyde lesnise vel lesing
folces his.
<R 1.69>
(\et erexit cornum salutis nobis in domo dauid pueri sui\) &
ahof horn vel h+alo us in hus daui+des cn+ahtes his.
<R 1.70>
(\sicut locutus est per os sanctorum qui a saeculo sunt
prophetarum eius\) su+a sprecend w+as +derh mu+de 
haligwara +da+de from worulde woeron vel sint witgena his.
<R 1.71>
(\salutem ex inimicis nostris et de manu omnium qui oderunt
nos\) h+alo from fiondum usum & from hond 
allra +da+de lae+ddon usic.
<R 1.72>
(\ad faciendam misericordiam cum patribus nostris et memorari
testamenti sui sancti\) to doenne miltheortnise 
mi+d fadorum & gemyndga cy+dnise his halges.
<R 1.73>
(\iusiurandum quod iurauit ad abraham patrem nostrum daturum
se nobis\) a+d +t+at gesuoren +t+atte gesuor 
to abraham feder usum walde gesealla hine hus.
<R 1.74>
(\ut sine timore de manu inimicorum nostrorum liberati
seruiamus illi\) +t+atte buta ondo of hond fionda 
usra gefreouad we se here we him.
<R 1.75>
(\in sanctitate et iustitia coram ipso omnibus diebus
nostris\) on halignise & so+df+astnise before hine 
allum dagum usum.
<R 1.76>
(\et tu puer propheta altissimi uocaberis praeibis enim ante
faciem domini parare uias eius\) & +du cn+aht 
witga +d+as heista geceiged bist +du before f+ares
for+don fore onsione drihtnes gearuiga wegas his.
<R 1.77>
(\ad dandam scientiam salutis plebi eius in remisionem
peccatorum eorum\) to selenne wisdom h+ales folce 
his in forgefnise synna hiora.
<R 1.78>
(\per uiscera misericordiae dei nostri in quibus uisitauit nos
oriens ex alto\) +derh +doht miltheortnise 
godes uses in +d+am gesohte us arise+d of heh vel of
heofnum.
<R 1.79>
(\inluminare his qui in tenebris et in umbra mortis sedent ad
dirigendos pedes nostros in uia pacis\)
inlihte +d+am +da+de in +diostrum & in scua dea+des sittas to
rehtanne foet usra in we sibb.
<R 1.80>
(\puer autem crescebat et confortebatur spiritu et erat in
deserto usque in diem ostensionis suae ad
israhel\) se cn+aht +donne gewox & gestrenced w+as gaste &
w+as in woestern o+d+d on d+ag +adeaunise his to
israel.
<P 29>
<R 2.1>
(\Factum est autem in diebus illis exiit edictum a cesare
agusto ut describeretur uniuersus orbis\) 
aworden w+as +donne on dagum +d+am foerde bod from cessares
[{augustus{] +t+at gemercad were all ymbhyrft.
<R 2.2>
(\haec describtio prima facta est a praesid+e syriae cyrino\)
+dios gemercong forma aworden w+as from undercynige syries.
<R 2.3>
(\et ibant omnes ut profiterentur singuli in suam ciuitatem\)
& gaa+d alle +t+at foreondetande weron +da 
syndrigo vel +al syndrio in his ceastra.
<R 2.4>
(\ascendit autem et ioseph a galilaea de ciuitate nazareth in
iudaeam ciuitatem dauid quae uocatur bethlem 
eo quod esset de domo et familia dauid\) astag +donne
+ac iohannes of galilea from ceastre nazareth 
in iudea ceastre +daui+des +dio is genemned for+don were
from hus & higo dauides.
<R 2.5>
(\ut profiteretur cum maria desponsata sibi uxore praegnate\)
+t+atte foreondete were mi+d bef+astad him wif berende.
<R 2.6>
(\factum est autem cum essent ibi impleti sunt dies ut
pareret\) aworden w+as +donne mi+d+dy weron +der gefylled 
weron +da dagas +t+atte acende vel accenned were.
<R 2.7>
(\et peperit filium suum primogenitum et pannis eum inuoluit
et reclinauit eum in praesepio quia non
erat eis locus in diuersorio\) & cende sunu his frumcende &
mi+d cildcla+dum bewand & eftgebeg hine in 
binn+a for+don ne w+as him stoue in gesthus.
<R 2.8>
(\et pastores erant in regione eadem uigilantes et
custodientes uigilias noctis supra gregem suum\) &
+da hiorde woeron on lond +t+at ilca w+accende & haldendo
wacana n+ahtes ofer edo his.
<R 2.9>
(\et ecce angelus domini stetit iuxta illos et claritas dei
circumfulsit illos et timuerunt timore magno\) 
& heono engel drihtnes [{stod{] +at vel neh +d+am &
berhtnise godes ymbscean hia & ondreardon mi+d ondo miclo.
<R 2.10>
(\et dixit illis angelus nolite timere ecce enim euangelizo
uobis gaudium magnum quod erit omni populo\) 
& cuoe+d +d+am se engel nalla+d ge ondrede heono for+don
ic bodigo iuh gefea mi+d miclum +t+at bi+d allum folce.
<R 2.11>
(\quia natus est nobis hodie saluator qui est christus
dominus in ciuitatem dauid\) for+don accenned 
is us to d+ag h+alend se+de is crist drihten in ceastre
daui+des.
<P 31>
<R 2.12>
(\et hoc uobis signum inuenietis infantem pannis inuolutum et
positum in praesepio\) & +dis iuh tacon 
vel becon gie gemoetes inn +t+at cild mi+d cildcla+dum
innbewunden & gesetted in binne.
<R 2.13>
(\Et subito facta est cum angelo multitudo militiae caelestis
laudantium deum et dicentium\) & sona 
aworden w+as mi+d engle menigo hiorodes heofonlic hergendra
god & cuoe+dendra.
<R 2.14>
(\gloria in altissimis deo et in terra pax hominibus bonae
uoluntatis\) wuldor in heannisum gode & in 
eordo sib monnum godes willo.
<R 2.15>
(\factum est ut discesserunt ab eis angeli in caelum pastores
loquebantur ad inuicem transeamus usque 
in bethleem et uideamus hoc uerbum quod factum est quod
fecit dominus et ostendit nobis\) aworden 
is +t+atte fearradon from him +da englas in heofne +da hiorde
[{vel{] [{hiorda{] [^THIS EMENDATION NOT VISIBLE IN THE MS
FACSIMILE^] gesprecon bituih oferf+are we o+d+d in bethleem &
gesea woe +dis word +t+atte aworden w+as +d+atte dyde se 
drihten & +adeaude us.
<R 2.16>
(\et uenerunt festinantes et inuenerunt mariam et ioseph et
infantem positum in pr+esipio\) & cuomon oefistande 
& gemoeton & & +t+at cild gesetted in binna.
<R 2.17>
(\uidentes autem cognouerunt de uerbo quod dictum erat illis
de puero hoc\) gesegon +donne ongeton from 
word +t+atte cuoedon w+as +d+am from cn+aht +disum.
<R 2.18>
(\et omnes qui audierunt mirati sunt et de his quae dicta
erant a pastoribus ad ipsos\) & alle +da+de geherdon 
awundrade woeron & from +d+am +da +de acuoeden weron
from hiordum to +d+am ilcum.
<R 2.19>
(\maria autem conseruabat omnia uerba haec conferent in corde
suo\) +don geheald alle worda +das l+adon
in hearta his.
<R 2.20>
(\et reuersi sunt pastores glorificantes et laudantes deum in
omnibus quae audierant et uiderant sicut 
dictum est ad illos\) & eftcerdon vel cerde weron +da
hiorde wuldrigendo & hergendo god in allum +da+de 
geherdon & gesegon sua cuoeden w+as to him.
<R 2.21>
(\Et postquam consummati sunt dies octo ut circumcideretur
uocatum est nomen eius iesus quod uocatum
est ab angelo priusquam in utero conciperetur\) & +after +don
geendad weron dagas +ahto +t+atte ymbcorfen 
were geceigd w+as noma his se h+alend +t+atte geceiged w+as
from engel aer +don inna geecnad were.
<P 33>
<R 2.22>
(\et postquam impleti sunt dies purgationis eius secundum
legem mosi tulerunt illum in hierusalem\) &
+after +don gefylled wer dagas cl+ansunges his +after ae
l+adon hine in hierusalem.
<R 2.23>
(\sicut scribtum est in lege domini quia omne masculinum
adaperiens uuluam sanctum domino uocabitur\)
sua auritten is in ae drihtnes +t+atte eghuelc he vel
woepenmon tountynes hrif vel wom vel inna halig 
drihtne geceiged.
<R 2.24>
(\et ut darent hostiam secundum quod dictum est in lege par
turturum aut duos pullos columbarum\) & +t+atte 
saldon geafa vel as+agdnise +after +t+atte acuoeden is
in +a tuoe turturas vel tuoge birdas culfras.
<R 2.25>
(\et ecce homo erat in hierusalem cui nomen simeon et homo
iste iustus et timoratus expectans consolationem 
israhel et spiritus sanctus erat in eo\) & heono monn
w+as in hierusalem +d+am noma w+as simeon 
& monn +des so+df+as & ondredend w+as bidend frofor israela &
gaast halig w+as in him.
<R 2.26>
(\et responsum acceperat a spiritu sancto non uisurum se
mortem nisi prius uideret christum domini\) 
& ondsuere onfeng from gast halig ne gesege he dea+d buta +ar
gesege gecorene drihtnes.
<R 2.27>
(\et uenit in spiritu in templum et cum inducerent puerum
iesum parentes eius ut facerent secundum consuetudinem 
legis pro eo\) & cuom in gast in temple & mi+d+dy
inl+addon +done cn+aht h+alend aldro his +t+atte 
dydon +after gewuna aes fore hine.
<R 2.28>
(\et ipse accepit eum in ulnas suas et benedixit deum et
dixit\) & he onfeng hine on armum his & gebloedsade 
god & cuoe+d.
<R 2.29>
(\nunc dimittis seruum tuum domine secundum uerbum tuum in
pace\) nu forletes [{vel{] forgefes esne +din 
la drihten +after word +din on sibb.
<R 2.30>
(\quia uiderunt oculi mei salutare tuum\) for+don gesegon ego
min h+alo vel halwoende [{+din{] .
<R 2.31>
(\quod parasti ante faciem omnium populorum\) +t+at +du
gearuades +ar vel fore onsione alra folca.
<R 2.32>
(\lumen ad reuelationem gentium et gloriam plebis tuae
israhel\) leht to +adeaunise cynna & wulder folces 
+dines israel.
<R 2.33>
(\et erat pater eius et mater mirantes super his quae
dicebantur de illo\) & w+as fader his & moder wundrando 
ofer +da +da+de gecuoeden weron from him.
<P 35>
<R 2.34>
(\et benedixit illis simeon et dixit ad mariam matrem eius
ecce positus est hic in ruinam et resurrectionem 
multorum in israhel et in signum cui contradicetur\) &
gebloedsade him & cuoe+d to moder his 
heono geseted is +des on gef+alnise & erist monigra & on taco
vel on becon +d+am wi+dcuoeden bi+d.
<R 2.35>
(\et tuam ipsius animam pertransibit gladius ut reuelentur ex
multis cordibus cogitationes\) & +din +d+as 
vel his sauel +derh oferf+are+d suord +t+atte +adeaud were
vel woeron of monigum heortum smeaungas.
<R 2.36>
(\et erat anna prophetissa filia phanuel de tribu aser haec
processerat in diebus multis et uixerat
cum uiro suo annis septem a uirginitate sua\) & w+as Anna
+dio witga dohter from folc Aseres +dios gefealle 
on dagum monigum & lifde mi+d wer hire wintrum seofo
from hehstaldhad hire.
<R 2.37>
(\et haec uidua usque annos octoginta quattuor quae non
descedebat de templo ieiuniis et obsecrationibus 
seruiens nocte ac die\) & +dios widiua o+d+d wintro &
hundh+ahtatih feouer +dio ne offoerde from temple 
mi+d f+asternum & gebeadum herde n+aht & d+age.
<R 2.38>
(\et haec ipsa hora superueniens confitebatur domino et
loquebatur de illo omnibus qui expectabant redemtionem 
hierusalem\) & +dio ilca tid ofercuom geonditte+d
drihtne & sprecend w+as of him allum +da+de 
gebiodon vel bidendo woeron lesing vel lesnis hierusalem.
<R 2.39>
(\et ut perfecerunt omnia secundum legem domini reuersi sunt
in galil+eam in ciuitatem suam nazareth\)
& +t+atte +derhdedon vel geendadon alle +after ae drihtnes
gecerdon vel awoende woeron on galilea in ceastre his nazareth.
<R 2.40>
(\puer autem crescebat et confortabatur plenus sapientia et
gratia dei erat in illo\) se cn+aht +donne
awox & gestrencged w+as full mi+d snyttro & geafa godes w+as
in +d+am.
<R 2.41>
(\et ibant parantes eius per omnes annos in hierusalem in die
solemni paschae\) & foerdon aldro his 
+derh alle wintro in hierusalem on d+age symbeles eastres.
<R 2.42>
(\Et cum factus fuisset annorum duodecim ascendentibus illis
in hierusolimam secundum consuetudinem 
diei festi\) & mi+d+dy aworden were wintra tuoelf stigendum
+d+am on hierusalem [^TORONTO CORPUS: hiersualem; MS NOT 
CLEAR^] +after gewuna d+ages halges vel symbles.
<R 2.43>
(\consummatisque diebus cum redirent remansit puer iesus in
hierusalem et non cognouerunt parentes eius\) 
& mi+d+dy geendade weron dagas mi+d+dy eftcerdon
eftwunade se cn+aht h+alend in hierusalem & ne cu+don 
aldro his.
<P 37>
<R 2.44>
(\existimantes autem illum esse in comitatu uenerunt iter diei
et requirebant eum inter cognatos et 
adnotos\) woendon uutedlice hine +t+atte were hia mi+d
fylgende cuomon geong d+ages & eft sohton hine betuih 
freondo & cu+do.
<R 2.45>
(\et non inuenientes reuersi sunt in hierusalem requirentes
eum\) & ne gemoeton gecerdon vel gecerde
woeron in hierusalem eftsohton hine.
<R 2.46>
(\et factum est post triduum inuenerunt illum in templo
sedentem in medio doctorum audientem illos et 
interrogantem\) & aworden w+as +after +driim dogrum gemoeton
hine on temple sittende on middum +dara laraua 
herende hine & fraegnende.
<R 2.47>
(\Stupebant autem omnes qui eum audiebant super prudentia et
responsis eius\) astylton +don alle +da+de
hine geherdon ofer snytro vel hogoscip & ondsuearum his.
<R 2.48>
(\et uidentes ammirati sunt et dixit mater ad illum filii quid
fecisti nobis ecce pater tuus et ego 
dolentes quaerebamus te\) & gesegon awundrade weron & cue+d
+dio moder to hine la sunu hu+atd dydest +du
us heono f+ader +din & ic m+anende we sohton +dec.
<R 2.49>
(\et ait ad illos quid est quod me quaerebatis nesciebatis
quia in his quae patres mei sunt oportet 
me esse\) & cuoe+d to him hu+ad is +t+atte mec gie sohton ne
cu+du gie +t+atte in +d+am +da+de fadores mines sint 
gerisenlic me to wosanne.
<R 2.50>
(\et ipsi non intellexerunt uerbum quod locutus est ad illos\)
& +da ne oncneaun word +t+atte sprecend w+as to him.
<R 2.51>
(\et descendit cum eis et uenit nazareth et erat subditus
illis et mater eius conseruabat omnia uerba 
haec in corde suo\) & ofstag mi+d him & cuom to nazareth &
w+as under+dioded him & moder his gehe+alde
vel gehaelde alle worda +das in hearta his.
<R 2.52>
(\et iesus proficiebat sapientia aetate et gratia apud deum et
homines\) & se h+alend gewox mi+d snytro
& +aldo & wuldur mi+d god & monnum.
<R 3.1>
(\Anno autem quinto decimo imperii tiberii caesaris procurante
pontio pilato iudaea tetrarcha autem 
galilaeae herode philippo autem fratre eius tetrarcha itureae
et trachonitidis regionis et lissaniae 
abilinae tetrarcha\) ger +donne +dio fiftei+de h+ases w+as
sciremonn iudeas +donne bro+dere his & londes.
<P 39>
<R 3.2>
(\sub principibus sacerdotum anna et caipha factum est uerbum
domini super iohannen zachariae filium
in deserto\) under aldormonnum sacerdum & aworden w+as word
drihten ofer iohannen sunu on western.
<R 3.3>
(\Et uenit in omnem regionem iordanis praedicans baptismum
paenitentiae in remisionem peccatorum\) & 
cuom on alle lond bodade +t+at fulwiht hreaunise in forgefnise
synna.
<R 3.4>
(\sicut scribtum est in libro sermonum esaiae prophet+a uox
clamantis in deserto parate uiam domini rectas 
facite semitas eius\) sua aritten is in boc worda +d+as
witges stefn cliopende on woestern gearua+d 
woeg drihtnes rehto wyrcas geong+as his.
<R 3.5>
(\omnis uallis implebitur et omnis mons et collis humiliabitur
et erunt praua in directa et aspera in 
uias planas\) eghuelc p+a+d vel dene gefylled bi+d & eghuelc
mor & hyll gebeged bi+d & bi+don unr+ahto vel 
woh in geongom & roe+do on woegum smoe+dum.
<R 3.6>
(\et uidebit omnis caro salutare dei\) & gesea+d eghuelc
lichoma haluende godes.
<R 3.7>
(\Dicebat ergo ad turbas quae exiebant ut baptizarentur ab
ipso genimina uiperarum quis ostendit uobis 
fugire a uentura ira\) cuoe+d for+don to +dread +da+de
foerdon +t+at hia wero gefuluad from him cynna +aterna 
hua eaua+d iuh geflea from tocymenda wra+de.
<R 3.8>
(\facite ergo fructus dignus paenitentiae et ne coeperetis
dicere patrem habemus abraham dico enim uobis 
quia potest deus de lapidibus istis suscitare filios
abrahae\) wyrca+d for+don w+astm wyr+de to hreaunise 
& ne beginnes cuoe+da fader we habba+d ic cue+do
for+don iuh +t+atte m+age god from stanum +disum awecce sunu.
<R 3.9>
(\iam enim securis ad radicem arborum posita est omnis ergo
arbor non faciens fructum excidetur et 
in ignem mittitur\) so+dlice for+don acasa to wyrtruma treuana
geseted is eghuelc for+don treeo ne doe+d
w+astm ofcorfen bi+d & on fyr gesended.
<R 3.10>
(\et interrogabant eum turbae dicentes quid ergo faciemus\) &
gefrugnon hine +d+at folc vel +da +dreatas 
cuoe+dendo hu+ad for+don we doa+d.
<R 3.11>
(\respondens autem dicebat illis qui habet duas tunicas det
non habenti et qui habet escas similiter
faciat\) onduarde +da cuoe+d him se+de h+afe+d tuege cyrtlas
sele+d ne vel +d+am n+abbende & se+de h+afe+d metto 
gelic doa+d.
<P 41>
<R 3.12>
(\uenerunt autem et publicani ut baptizarentur et dixerunt ad
illum magister quid faciemus\) cuomon +da 
& b+arsynnigo +t+atte weron gefuluad & cuoedon to him la
laruu hu+a+d we gedoa+d.
<R 3.13>
(\at ille dixit ad eos nihil amplius quam constitutum est
uobis faciatis\) so+d he cue+d to him noht for+dor 
+donne vel +t+at gesetted is iuh gie doa+d.
<R 3.14>
(\interrogabant autem eum et milites dicentes quid faciemus et
nos et ait illis neminem concutiatis 
neque calumniam faciatis et contenti estote stipendiis
uestris\) frugnon +donne hine & cempo cuedon hu+ad 
doa+d we +ac us & cuoe+d him ne +anig monn gedroefa+d gie
& ne telnise vel sceoma gedoa+d & +d+am wosa+d
nestum iurom.
<R 3.15>
(\existimante autem populo et cogitantibus omnibus in cordibus
suis de iohanne ne forte ipse esset christus\) 
mi+d+dy woende +donne +t+at folc & smeandum allum in
heortum hiora from iohanne ea+da mage he were crist.
<R 3.16>
(\respondit iohannes dicens omnibus ego quidem aqua baptizo
uos ueniet autem fortior me cuius non sum 
dignus soluere corrigiam calciamentorum eius ipse uos
baptizabit in spiritu sancto et igni\) onduarde 
iohannes cuoe+d allum ic +ac so+d of vel from w+atre ic
fulua iuh cyme+d +donne strongra mec +d+as ne am 
ic wyr+de to unbindanne +duongas sceoea his he iuih
gefulua+d in gast halig & mi+d fyr.
<R 3.17>
(\Cuius uentilabrum in manu eius et purgauit aream suam et
congregauit triticum in horreum suum paleas 
autem comburet igni inextinguibili\) his fonn+a vel
windgefonn+a in hond his & cl+anse+d berern vel bereflor 
his & somna+d hu+ate in berern his +da halmas vel +da
windungo +da geberne+d to fyre unadrysnendlic.
<R 3.18>
(\multa quidem et alia exortans euangelizabat populum\)
menigo +ac +don & o+dero getrummade bodade +t+at folc.
<R 3.19>
(\Herodes autem tetrarcha cum corriperetur ab illo de
herodiadae uxore fratris sui et de omnibus malis 
quae fecit herodes\) +donne mi+d+dy gerih+de from him from
wife bro+dres his & from allum yflum +da+de dyde.
<R 3.20>
(\adiecit et hoc supra omnia et inclusit iohannem in carcere\)
togeecde & +dis ofer alle & intynde iohannem in carcern.
<R 3.21>
(\Factum est autem cum baptizaretur omnis populus et iesu
baptizato et orante apertum est caelum\) aworden 
w+as +donne mi+d+dy gefuluad w+as all folc & se h+alend
mi+d+dy w+as gefuluad & biddende untyned w+as heofon.
<P 43>
<R 3.22>
(\et descendit spiritus sanctus corporali specie sicut columba
in ipsum et uox de caelo facta est tu
es filius meus dilectus in te complacuit mihi\) & adune astag
gast se halig mi+d lichomlic huiu suelce 
culfra on hine & stefn of heofne aworden w+as +du ar+d sunu
min leaf vel leofost on +dec lica+d me.
<R 3.23>
(\Et ipse iesus erat incipiens quasi annorum triginta ut
putaretur filius ioseph qui fuit heli\) & he
vel se h+alend w+as onginnende suelce wintra +drittih +t+atte
woende sunu iosepes se+de w+as heling.
<R 3.24>
(\qui fuit mattat qui fuit leui qui fuit melchi qui fuit
iannae qui fuit ioseph\) se+de w+as [{matating{]
se+de w+as [{leuing{] se+de w+as [{melching{] se+de w+as
[{ianning{] se+de w+as [{iosephing{] .
<R 3.25>
(\qui fuit mathathie qui fuit amos qui fuit naum qui fuit esli
qui fuit naggae\) se+de w+as [{mathathing{]
se+de w+as [{amoing{] se+de w+as [{nauming{] se+de w+as
[{esling{] se+de w+as [{nagging{] .
<R 3.26>
(\qui fuit maath qui fuit mathathiae qui fuit semei qui fuit
iosec qui fuit ioda\) [{seming{] w+as [{mathing{]
 se+de w+as [{mathathing{] se+de w+as se+de se+de w+as
[{iosec{] se+de w+as iodaing.
<R 3.27>
(\qui fuit iohanna qui fuit resa qui fuit sorobabel qui fuit
salathiel qui fuit neri\) se+de w+as [{iohannaing{] 
se+de w+as resaing se+de w+as sorobabeling se+de
w+as [{salathieling{] se+de w+as nering.
<R 3.28>
(\qui fuit melchi qui fuit addi qui fuit cosam qui fuit
helmadam qui fuit her\) se+de w+as [{melching{] se+de 
w+as [{adding{] se+de w+as [{cosaming{] se+de w+as
[{helmadaming{] se+de w+as hering.
<R 3.29>
(\qui fuit ihesu qui fuit eliezer qui fuit iorim qui fuit
matthad qui fuit leui\) se+de w+as ihesuing 
se+de w+as [{eliezering{] se+de w+as [{ionming{] se+de w+as
[{matthading{] se+de w+as leuing.
<R 3.30>
(\qui fuit symeon qui fuit iuda qui fuit ioseph qui fuit iona
qui fuit eliachim\) se+de w+as [{simeoning{]
se+de w+as [{iuding{] se+de w+as [{iosephing{] se+de w+as
ionaing se+de w+as [{eliachiming{] .
<R 3.31>
(\qui fuit melea qui fuit menna qui fuit matthata qui fuit
nathan qui fuit dauid\) se+de w+as [{meleaing{]
se+de w+as [{mennaing{] se+de w+as [{matthating{] se+de w+as
nathaning se+de w+as [{dauiding{] .
<R 3.32>
(\qui fuit iesse qui fuit obed qui fuit booz qui fuit salmon
qui fuit naason\) se+de w+as iessing se+de 
w+as obe+ding se+de w+as [{boozing{] se+de w+as [{salmoning{]
se+de w+as [{naasoning{] .
<R 3.33>
(\qui fuit aminadab qui fuit aran qui fuit esrom qui fuit
phares qui fuit iudae\) se+de w+as [{aminadabing{] 
se+de w+as [{araning{] se+de w+as [{esroming{] se+de
w+as [{pharesing{] se+de w+as [{iuding{] .
<R 3.34>
(\qui fuit iacob qui fuit isaac qui fuit abraham qui fuit
thare qui fuit nachor\) se+de w+as [{iacobing{] 
se+de w+as [{isaacing{] se+de w+as [{abrahaming{] se+de w+as
[{tharaing{] se+de w+as [{nachoring{] .
<R 3.35>
(\qui fuit seruch qui fuit ragau qui fuit phalec qui fuit eber
qui fuit sale\) se+de w+as [{seruching{] se+de 
w+as [{ragauing{] se+de w+as [{phalecing{] se+de w+as
[{ebering{] se+de w+as [{saling{] .
<R 3.36>
(\qui fuit chainan qui fuit arfaxat qui fuit sem qui fuit noe
qui fuit lamech\) [{seming{] w+as [{chainaning{] 
se+de w+as [{arfaxating{] se+de w+as se+de se+de w+as
[{noing{] se+de w+as [{lameching{] .
<R 3.37>
(\qui fuit matthusale qui fuit enoc qui fuit iared qui fuit
malelehel qui fuit cainan\) se+de w+as mathusaling 
se+de w+as [{enocing{] se+de w+as [{iareding{] se+de
w+as [{maleleheling{] se+de w+as [{cainaning{] .
<R 3.38>
(\qui fuit enos qui fuit seth qui fuit adam qui fuit dei\)
se+de w+as [{enosing{] se+de w+as [{sething{] se+de w+as 
adaming se+de w+as.
<P 45>
<R 4.1>
(\Iesus autem plenus spiritu sancto regressus est ab iordane
et agebatur in spiritu in desertum\) se 
h+alend uutedlice full gast halig f+arend w+as from iordane &
w+as doend on gast in woestern.
<R 4.2>
(\diebus quadraginta et temtabatur a diabulo et nihil
manducauit in diebus illis et consummatis illis 
esuriit\) dagum feortih & w+as gecosted from [{diabole{] &
noht geett in dagum +d+am & mi+d+dy geendad weron 
+da gehyngerde.
<R 4.3>
(\dixit autem illi diabolus si filius dei es dic lapidi huic
ut panis fiat\) cuoe+d uutedlice him se diobol 
gif sunu godes ar+d cuoe+d stane +dissum +t+atte hlaf
se.
<R 4.4>
(\et respondit ad illum iesus scribtum est quia non in pane
solo uiuet homo sed in omni uerbo dei\) &
onduarde to him se h+alend auritten is +t+atte ne in hlafe
ane lifes monn ah in eghuelc word godes.
<R 4.5>
(\et duxit illum diabolus et ostendit illi omnia regna orbis
terrae in momento temporis\) & l+adde hine 
se diabol & +adeaude him alle ricu ymbhuirftes eor+des in
huil tides.
<R 4.6>
(\et ait ei tibi dabo potestatem hanc uniuersam et gloriam
illorum quia mihi tradita sunt et cui uolo 
do illa\) & cue+d him +de ic sello m+aht +das vel +dios all
& wuldor hiora for+don me gesald aron & +d+am 
ic willo ic sello +dailca.
<R 4.7>
(\tu ergo procidens si adoraueris coram me erunt tua omnia\)
+du for+don fallande gif +du wor+dias fore me 
bi+don +din+a alle.
<R 4.8>
(\et respondens iesus dixit illi scribtum est dominum deum
tuum adorabis et illi soli seruies\) & geonduarde 
se h+alend cuoe+d him awritten is drihten god +din
wor+da +du & him anum geher +du.
<R 4.9>
(\et duxit illum in hierusalem et statuit eum supra pinnam
templi et dixit illi si filius dei es mitte 
te hinc deorsum\) & l+adde hine in hierusalem & sette hine
ofer hornpic temples & cuoe+d him gif sunu 
godes ar+d asend +deh heona vel +dona aduna.
<P 47>
<R 4.10>
(\scribtum est enim quod angelis suis mandabit de te ut
conseruent te\) aritten is for+don +t+atte englum 
his bebead from +dec +t+atte efnegehere+d +de.
<R 4.11>
(\et quia in manibus tollent te ne forte offendas ad lapidem
pedem tuum\) & for+don in hondum l+ade+d vel 
nioma+d +dec ea+d+a m+age +t+atte +du wi+dspurna to stane
fot +dinne.
<R 4.12>
(\et respondens iesus ait illi dictum est non temtabis dominum
deum tuum\) & geonduarde se h+alend cuoe+d 
him acuoeden is ne costa +du drihten god +din.
<R 4.13>
(\et consummata omnia temtatione diabolus recessit ab illo
usque ad tempus\) & geendad weron alle mi+d
costunge vel w+as gecostad se [{diwobol{] eftfoerd from him
wi+d to tid.
<R 4.14>
(\Et egressus est iesus in uirtute spiritus in galilaea et
fama exiit per uniuersam regionem de illo\) 
& f+arende w+as se h+alend on m+aht gastes in galilea &
mersung foerde +derh all lond of him.
<R 4.15>
(\et ipse docebat in synagogis eorum et magnificabatur ab
omnibus\) & he l+arde in somnungum hiora & gemiclad 
w+as from allum.
<R 4.16>
(\Et uenit nazareth ubi erat nutritus et intrauit secundum
consuetudinem suam die sabbati in synagogam 
et surrexit legere\) & cuom to nazareth +der w+as gefoeded
& ineade +after geuna his d+age sunnan in 
somnung & aras to redanne.
<R 4.17>
(\et traditus est illi liber prophetae esaiae et ut reuoluit
librum inuenit loco ubi scribtum erat\) 
& gesald w+as him boc +d+as witges esaie & +t+atte vel mi+d+dy
untynde +t+at boc gemitte to stoue +der awritten w+as.
<R 4.18>
(\spiritus domini super me propter quod unxit me euangelizare
pauperibus misit me praedicare captiuis 
remissionem et c+ecis uisum dimittere confractos in
remissionem\) gast drihtnes on mec fore+don gesmiride 
mec vel to s+accanne +dorfendum sende meh to bodianne
ermingum vel geh+aftendum forgefnise & blindum 
gesih+do forleta +da gebroceno on forgefnise.
<R 4.19>
(\praedicare annum domini acceptum et diem retributionis\)
bodia ger drihtnes ondfenge & d+age eftselenise.
<R 4.20>
(\et cum plicuisset librum reddidit ministro et sedit et
omnium in synagogam oculi erant intendentes
in eum\) & mi+d+dy gefeald +t+at boc ag+af +d+am embehtmenn &
saett & allra on somnung ego woeron bihaldendo on hine.
<P 49>
<R 4.21>
(\coepit autem dicere ad illos quia hodie impleta est haec
scribtura in auribus uestris\) ongann uutedlice 
vel +da cuoa+da to him +t+atte to d+ag gefylled w+as
+dios gewritt in earum iurum.
<R 4.22>
(\Et omnes testimonium illi dabant et mirabantur in uerbis
gratiae quae procedebant de ore ipsius et
dicebant nonne hic filius est ioseph\) & alle cy+dnisse him
hia saldon & awundradon in wordum wuldres 
vel wuldro +da+de forecuomon from mu+de his vel +d+as &
cuoedon ahne +des sunu is ioseph.
<R 4.23>
(\Et ait illis utique dicetis mihi hanc similitudinem medice
cura te ipsum quanta audiuimus facta in 
capharnaum fac et hic in patria tua\) & cuoe+d +d+am
uutedlice gie cuoe+da+d me +dios onlicnesse la lece
lecne +dec seolfne in monigo geherde we awordeno in +d+ar
byrig do aec her on oe+del +din.
<R 4.24>
(\Ait autem amen dico uobis quia nemo propheta acceptus est in
patria sua\) cuoe+d +da so+dlice ic cuoe+do 
iuh +t+atte ne +anig witga ondfenge w+as on oe+del his.
<R 4.25>
(\In ueritate dico uobis multae uiduae erant in diebus heliae
in israhel quando clusum est caelum annis 
tribus et mensibus sex cum facta est fames magna in omni
terra\) in so+df+astnise ic cuoe+do iuh monigo 
widua woeron on dagum helies in israel +da betyned w+as
se hefon gerum +drim & mone+dum sex mi+d+dy
aworden w+as hunger micel on alle eor+do.
<R 4.26>
(\et ad nullam illarum misus est helias nisi in sareptha
sidon+e ad mulierem uiduam\) & ne to +angum +dara 
buriga asended w+as buta in +d+ar byrig to +d+am wife
widua.
<R 4.27>
(\et multi leprosi erant in israhel sub helisaeo propheta et
nemo eorum mundatus est nema sirus\) & monigo 
hreafo weron under +d+ane witgo & ne +anig hiora
gecl+ansad w+as buta neman (\id est\) w+as lic+drower
+derisca.
<R 4.28>
(\et repleti sunt omnes in synagoga ira haec audientes\) &
gefylled woeron +da alle in [{somga{] mi+d wra+do 
+das geherdon.
<R 4.29>
(\et surrexerunt et eiecerunt illum extra ciuitatem et
duxerunt illum usque ad supercilium montis supra 
quem ciuitas illorum erat aedificata ut praecipitarent
eum\) & arison & awurpon hine buta +d+are ceastra 
& l+addon hine o+d+d to ofer mores ofer +done vel +dio
+da burg hiora w+as getimbred +t+atte hia geglendradon hine.
<R 4.30>
(\ipse autem transiens per medium illorum ibat\) he +donne
oferfoerde vel f+arende +derh middum hiora geeode.
<P 51>
<R 4.31>
(\Et discendit in capharnaum ciuitatem galileae ibique docebat
illos sabbatis\) & dune astag in capharnaum 
ceastra galilies & +der l+arde hia on dagum.
<R 4.32>
(\Et stupebant in doctrina eius quia in potestate erat sermo
ipsius\) & astyltdon on lar his for+don in 
m+aht w+as word his vel +d+as.
<R 4.33>
(\Et in synagoga erat homo habens daemonium inmundum et
exclamauit uoce magna\) & on somnunge w+as monn 
h+afde +done dioul uncl+ane & gecliopade mi+d stefne micle.
<R 4.34>
(\dicens sine quid nobis et tibi iesus nazarenae uenisti
perdere nos scio te qui sis sanctus dei\) cuoe+dende 
forlet vel blinn hu+ad us & +de h+alend nazarenesca
+du cuome to fordoanne usig ic wat +dec +du+de
ar+d halig godes.
<R 4.35>
(\et increpauit illi iesus dicens ommutesce et exi ab illo et
cum proiecisset illum daemonium in medium 
exiit ab illo nihilque illum nocuit\) & ge+dreade him se
h+alend cuoe+d foresuige & gaa of him & mi+d+dy foende 
awarp hine +done dioul in middum foerde from him & noht
hine vel him sce+dde.
<R 4.36>
(\et factus est pauor in omnibus et conloquebantur adinuicem
dicentes quod est hoc uerbum quia in potestate 
et uirtute imperat spiritibus inmundis et exeunt\) &
aworden w+as fyrhto in allum & efnegesprecon 
bituih cuoedon +t+at is +dis word +t+atte in m+ahte &
m+agne gehate+d gastum uncl+anum & geongas.
<R 4.37>
(\et diuulgabatur fama de illo in omnem locum regionis\) &
w+as gemersad mersong of him in all stoue +d+as londes.
<R 4.38>
(\Surgens autem de sinagoga introiuit in domum symonis socrus
autem symonis tenebatur magnis febribus 
et rogauerunt illum pro ea\) aras +da of somnung inneode in
hus simones su+ar +donne genummen w+as miclum 
feberadlum & bedon hine for+a hia.
<R 4.39>
(\et stans super illam imperauit febri et dimisit illam et
continuo surgens ministrabat illis\) & stod 
ofer hia geheht +d+am febere & forleort hia & recone aras
embehtade him.
<R 4.40>
(\cum sol autem occidisset omnes qui habebant infirmos uaris
languoribus ducebant illos ad eum at ille 
singulis manus inponens curabat eos\) mi+d+dy sunna
uutedlice to set eade alle +da+de h+afdon untrymigo 
missenlicum adlum l+adon hia to him so+d he anlapum [{vel{]
syndrigum hond gesette lecnade hia vel +dailco.
<P 53>
<R 4.41>
(\Exiebant etiam daemonia a multis clamantia et dicentia quia
tu es filius dei et increpans non sinebat 
ea loqui quia sciebant ipsum esse christum\) foerdon
uutedlice +da diowlas from menigum clioppende 
& cuoe+denda +t+atte +du ar+d sunu godes & ge+dreade ne
gelefde +da gesprecca for+don wiston hine +t+atte were crist.
<R 4.42>
(\Facta autem die egressus ibat in desertum locum et turbae
requirebant eum et uenerunt usque ad ipsum 
et detinebant illum ne discenderet ab eis\) a war+d vel
[{gewar+d{] +da d+age w+as f+arende eade on woestigum 
stowe & +da menigo sohton hine & cuomon wi+d to him &
gehealdon hine +t+atte ne fearrade from him.
<R 4.43>
(\quibus ille ait quia et aliis ciuitatibus oportet me
euangelizare regnum dei quia ideo missus sum\)
+d+am he cuoe+d for+don & o+drum ceastrum ged+afne+d mec
bodia ric godes +t+atte for+don gesendet am.
<R 4.44>
(\et erat praedicans in synagogis galilaeae\) & w+as bodande
on somnungum galiles.
<R 5.1>
(\Factum est autem cum turbae inruerent in eum ut audirent
uerbum dei et ipse stabat secus stagnum genesareth\) 
aworden w+as +donne mi+d+dy +da menigo ger+asdon
vel giorndon on him +t+atte geherdon word godes
& he stod +at mere genesareth.
<R 5.2>
(\et uidit duas naues stantes secus stagnum piscatores autem
descenderant et lauabant retiam\) & ges+ah 
tuoege vel tuu sciopo stondendo +at +d+am mere +da fiscaras
+donne ofastigon & ge+duogon +t+at nett.
<R 5.3>
(\ascendens autem in unam nauem quae erat simonis rogauit
autem eum a terra reducere pusillum et sedens 
docebat de nauicula turbas\) astag uutedlice in anum scip
+dio w+as simones geb+ad +donne hine from 
eor+do eftl+ada huon & s+att l+arde of +d+am scipe +da menigo.
<R 5.4>
(\Ut cessauit autem loqui dixit ad simonem duc in altum et
laxa retia uestra in capturam\) +t+atte geblann 
+donne gespreaca cuoe+d to simone l+ad on heanise &
[{let{] +da netto iuero on gefeng vel st+allo.
<P 55>
<R 5.5>
(\et respondens simon dixit illi praeceptor per totam noctem
laborantes nihil cepimus in uerbo autem 
tuo laxabo rete\) & geonduarde simon cuoe+d him +du
haldormon +derh alle n+aht we wunnon noht we fengon 
on worde +donne +dinum ic forlette net.
<R 5.6>
(\et cum hoc fecissent concluserunt piscium multitudinem
copiosam rumpebatur autem rete eorum\) & mi+d+dy 
+dis dydon efnegebegdon fiscana +t+at menigo monigfald
toslitten w+as +donne +d+at nett hiora.
<R 5.7>
(\et annuerunt sociis qui erant in alia naui ut uenirent et
adiuuarent eos et uenerunt et impleuerunt 
ambas nauiculas ita ut mergerentur\) & becnadon +d+am foerum
+da+de weron on o+dora scip +t+atte gecuomon
& gehulpo hia & cuomon & gefyldon +da tuoge vel tuu sciopo
su+a +t+atte gedruncnadon vel were.
<R 5.8>
(\Quod cum uideret simon petrus procidit ad genua iesu dicens
exi a me quia homo peccator sum domine\) 
+t+at mi+d+dy gesege feol to cneuum +d+as h+alendes cuoe+d
geong from me for+don monn synnfull am drihten.
<R 5.9>
(\stupor enim circumdederat eum et omnes qui cum illo erant in
captura piscium quam ceperant\) slep for+don 
ymbsalde hine & alle +da+de mi+d him weron on gefeng
fiscana +done vel +t+at genomon.
<R 5.10>
(\similiter autem iacobum et iohannem filios zebedaei qui
erant socii simonis et ait ad simonem iesus 
noli timere ex hoc iam homines eris capiens\) gelic +donne &
sunu +da+de woeron gefoero & cuoe+d to simone 
se h+alend n+alle +du ondrede of +dis uutedlice menn bist
+du niomende.
<R 5.11>
(\et subductis ad terram nauibus relictis omnibus secuti sunt
illum\) & underl+aded woeron to eor+do scioppo 
forletno allum gefyligde weron hine.
<R 5.12>
(\Et factum est cum esset in una ciuitatum et ecce uir plenus
lepra et uidens iesum et procidens in 
faciem et rogauit eum dicens domine si uis potes me mundare\)
& aworden w+as mi+d+dy w+are on an +d+ara ceastrana 
& heono wer full hriofle & ges+ah se h+alend & feoll
on onsione & b+ad hine cuoe+dende drihten 
gif +du wilt +du m+aht meh gecl+ansia.
<R 5.13>
(\et extendens manum tetigit illum dicens uolo mundare et
confestim lepra discessit ab illo\) & a+denede 
hond gehran hine [{cuoe+dende{] ic willo gecl+ansige & sona
+dio hriofol offearrade from him.
<P 57>
<R 5.14>
(\et ipse praecepit illi ut nemini diceret sed uade ostende te
sacerdoti et offer pro emundatione tua 
sicut praecepit moses in testimonium illis\) & he bebead him
+t+atte ne +anigum gecuoede ah geong +adeaua 
+dec +d+am sacerde & breng fore cl+ansunge +dine su+a
bebead vel heht moses on cy+dnise him.
<R 5.15>
(\perambulabat autem magis sermo de illo et conueniebant
turbae multae ut audirent et curarentur ab 
infirmitatibus suis\) +derheode vel w+as geongende +donne
sui+dor word from him & efnecuomon +da menigo vel 
[{+da{] feolo +t+atte geherdon & +t+atte woeron gelecned
from untrymnisum hiora.
<R 5.16>
(\Ipse autem sedebat in deserto et orabat\) he +da ges+att on
w+astern & geb+ad.
<R 5.17>
(\Et factum est in una dierum et ipse sedebat docens et erant
pharisaei sedentes et legi doctores qui 
uenerant ex omni castello galilaeae et iudae et hierusalem
et uirtus erat domini ad sanandum eos\)
& geworden w+as on an +dara dagana & he ges+att l+arende &
woeron +da +alaruuas vel aldouuto sittendo & 
+as laruas +da +de cuomon from eghuelc ceastre [{galileae{] &
[{iudeae{] & hierusalem & m+agen w+as drihtnes to 
h+alenne hia.
<R 5.18>
(\Et ecce uiri portantes in lecto hominem qui erat paraliticus
et quaerebant eum inferre et ponere ante eum\) 
& heono w+aras berende on bed vel on ber monno se+de
w+as eor+dcrypel & sohton hine gebrenge &
gesette fora hine.
<R 5.19>
(\et non inuenientes qua parte illum inferrent prae turba
ascenderunt supra tectum per tegulas et summiserunt 
illum cum lecto in medium ante iesum\) & ne
gemoeton of hu+alcum d+al hine gebrohton fore +d+am 
folce astigon ofer vel onufa hus +derh +da watla & duna
sendon hine mi+d bed in middum fore h+alend.
<R 5.20>
(\quorum fidem ut uidit dixit homo remittuntur tibi peccata
tua\) +d+ara geleafa +t+atte ges+ah cuoe+d la monn 
forgefen bi+don +de synna +dina.
<R 5.21>
(\et coeperunt cogitare scrib+e et pharisaei dicentes quis est
hic qui loquitur blasphemia quis potest 
dimittere peccata nisi solus deus\) & ongunnun gesmeage
wu+duto & cuoe+dende hua is +des se+de spreces
ebolsongas hua m+age forgeafa synna buta +de ana god.
<P 59>
<R 5.22>
(\ut cognouit autem iesus cogitationes eorum respondens dixit
ad illos quid cogitatis in cordibus uestris\) 
+t+atte ong+att +da se haelend smeaunga hiora
geonduarde cuoe+d to him vel +d+am hu+ad smeas gie in 
heartum iurum.
<R 5.23>
(\quid est facillius dicere dimittuntur tibi peccata an
dicere surge et ambula\) huoe+der is ea+dor gecuo+a+da 
forgefen bi+don +de synna vel cuoe+da aris & gaa.
<R 5.24>
(\ut autem sciatis quia filius hominis potestatem habet in
terra dimittere peccata ait paralytico tibi 
dico surge tolle lectum tuum et uade in domum tuam\)
+t+atte +donne gie witt+a +t+atte +t+at sunu monnes 
m+aht hafe+d on eor+do forgeafa synna cuoe+d +d+am cryple +de
ic cuoe+do aris nim beer +din & gaa in hus +din.
<R 5.25>
(\et confestim surgens coram illis tulit in quo iacebat et
abiit in domum suam magnificans deum\) & sona 
aras fore him genom on +d+am gel+ag & foerde in hus his
gemiclade god.
<R 5.26>
(\et stupor appraehendit omnes et magnificabant deum et
repleti sunt timore dicentes quia uidimus mirabilia hodie\) 
& [{feerstyltnisse{] genom vel forgrap alle &
auundradon god & gefylled woeron mi+d fyrhto 
cuoedon +t+atte we gesegon wundra tod+age.
<R 5.27>
(\Et post haec exiit et uidit publicanum nomine leui sedentem
ad teloneum et ait illi sequere me\) & +after 
+das foerde & ges+ah +done b+arsynnig genemned w+as
sittende to & cuoe+d him fylg mec vel soec mec.
<R 5.28>
(\et relictis omnibus surgens secutus est eum\) & forleorte
vel mi+d+dy allum forletno aras fylgende w+as him.
<R 5.29>
(\Et fecit ei conuiuium magnum leui in domo sua et erat turba
multa publicanorum et aliorum qui cum 
illis erant discumbentes\) & dyde him farma vel gebearsgip
micel se leui in hus his & w+as +dreat menigo 
& o+dera +da+de mi+d him weron hlingendum vel hlingende.
<R 5.30>
(\et murmurabant pharisaei et scribae eorum dicentes ad
discipulos eius quare cum publicanis et peccatoribus 
manducatis et bibitis\) & lyceton & hiora cuoedon to
+degnum his forhon mi+d & synnfullum gie 
ettas & gie drincas.
<R 5.31>
(\Et respondens iesus dixit ad illos non egent qui sani sunt
medico sed qui male habent\) & ondsuarade 
se h+alend cuoe+d to him ne +dofe+d [^SKEAT EMENDS AS 
+dorfe+d^] +da+de halo sint to lece ah +da +de yfle habba+d.
<P 61>
<R 5.32>
(\non ueni uocare iustos sed peccatores in paenitentiam\) ne
cuom ic to ceiganne so+df+asto ah +da synnfullo in hreonise.
<R 5.33>
(\at illi dixerunt ad eum quare discipuli iohannis ieiunant
frequenter et obsecrationes faciunt similiter 
et pharisaeorum tui autem edunt et bibunt\) so+d hia
cuoedon to him forhuon +degnas iohannes f+asta+d 
symble & gebeodo doa+d gelic & +dine +donne eota+d &
drinca+d.
<R 5.34>
(\quibus ipse ait numquid potestis filios sponsi dum cum
illis est sponsus facere ieiunare\) +d+am he 
cuoe+d ahne mago gie suno brydgumes +da huil mi+d him is vel
bi+d se brydguma wyrca gef+asta.
<R 5.35>
(\uenient autem dies cum ablatus fuerit ab illis sponsus tunc
ieiunabunt in illis diebus\) cyme+d uutedlice 
+da dagas genumen bi+d from him se brydguma +da
gef+asta+d in +d+am dagum.
<R 5.36>
(\dicebat autem et similitudinem ad illos quia nemo
commissuram a uestimento nouo inmittit in uestimentum 
uetus alioquin et nouum rumpit et ueteri non conuenit
commissura a nouo\) cuoe+d +donne & onlicnise 
to him +t+atte ne aenig +t+at esceapa from woedo niuue
onsende+d on gewedo ald elcur nu & +t+at niua toslita+d 
& +d+am alde ne gehrise+d +t+at esceapa of +d+am niue.
<R 5.37>
(\et nemo mittit uinum nouum in utres ueteres alioquin rumpit
uinum nouum utres et ipsum effunditur 
et utres peribunt\) & ne aenig sende+d win niua in byttum
aldum elcur nu toslitte+d +t+at win niua +da aldo 
& +t+at ilce agotten bi+d & +da byto lasa+d.
<R 5.38>
(\sed uinum nouum in utres nouos mittendum est et utraque
conseruantur\) ah +t+at win niua in byttum niuum 
to sendanne is & eg+der bi+don gehaldan.
<R 5.39>
(\et nemo bibens uetus statim uult nouum dicit enim uetus
melius est\) & ne aenig gedranc +t+at alde sona 
wilna+d +t+at niua cuoe+d for+don se alda betra is.
<R 6.1>
(\Factum est autem in sabbato secundo cum transirent per sata
uellebant discipuli eius spicas et manducabant 
confricantes manibus\) aworden w+as +donne on +done
+afterra daeg mi+d+dy oferfoerdon +derh gecoecton 
+degnas his +da croppas vel ehras & eton gebrecon mi+d
hondum.
<P 63>
<R 6.2>
(\quidam autem pharisaeorum dicebant illi quid facitis quod
non licet in sabbatis\) sumo [{o+der{] +donne 
cueodon him hu+ad gie doe+d +t+atte ne rise+d on symbeldagum.
<R 6.3>
(\et respondens iesus ad eos dixit nec hoc legistis quod fecit
dauid cum esurisset ipse et qui cum eo erant\) 
& onduearde se h+alend to him cuoe+d ne +dis
geleornadon +t+atte dyde daui+d mi+d+dy hine gehyngerde 
he & +da +de mi+d hine weron.
<R 6.4>
(\quomodo intrauit in domum dei et panes propositionis sumsit
et manducauit et dedit his qui cum ipso 
erant quos non licet manducare nisi tantum sacerdotibus\)
huu inneade in hus goddes & hlafas foregegearuad 
vel getemesed ondfeng & geett & salde +d+am +da+de
mi+d hine weron +das ne is gelefed to eatanne
buta anum sacerdum.
<R 6.5>
(\et dicebat illis quia dominus est filius hominis etiam
sabbati\) & cuoe+d him +t+atte drihten is sunu 
monnes uutedlice symbeld+ages.
<R 6.6>
(\Factum est autem et in alio sabbato ut intraret in synagogam
et doceret et erat ibi homo et manus 
eius dextra arida\) aworden w+as +donne & on o+dero
symbeld+age +t+atte infoerde on somnung & l+arde & w+as 
+der monn & hond his +diu sui+dra gescriuncan.
<R 6.7>
(\obseruabant autem scribae et pharisaei si sabbato curaret
ut inuenirent accusare illum\) behealdon
+donne +da u+duuto & gif on [{symbeld+ag{] he h+alde +t+atte
hia gemoete to telenne hine.
<R 6.8>
(\ipse uero sciebat cogitationes eorum et ait homini qui
habebat manum aridam surge et sta in medium
et surgens stetit\) he uutedlice wiste smeunga hiara [{vel{]
[{hiora{] [^THIS EMENDATION NOT VISIBLE IN THE MS FACSIMILE^] 
& cuoe+d +d+am menn se+de h+afde hond gescrengce 
vel dryge aris & sona on middum & aras astod.
<R 6.9>
(\ait autem ad illos iesus interrogo uos si licet sabbato bene
facere an male animam saluam facere an perdere\) 
cuoe+d +donne to him se h+alend ic fraegno iuih
gif is alefed on symbeld+ag wel doa vel o+d+de
yfle sawel hal doa vel o+d+de losiga.
<R 6.10>
(\et circumspectis omnibus dixit homini extende manum tuam et
extendit et restituta est manus eius\) 
& ymbsceawandum allum cuoe+d +d+am menn a+den hond +din &
a+denide & eftgeniua+d w+as hond his.
<R 6.11>
(\ipsi autem repleti sunt insipientia et conloquebantur ad
inuicem quidnam facerent iesu\) +dailco uutedlice 
gefylled weron mi+d unsnytro & efnesprecon bituih hu+ad
for+don dedon +d+am h+alende.
<P 65>
<R 6.12>
(\Factum est autem in illis diebus exiit in montem orare et
erat pernoctans in oratione dei\) aworden
w+as +donne on +d+am dagum foerde on more to gebiddanne &
w+as +derhw+accende in gebed godes.
<R 6.13>
(\Et cum dies factus esset uocauit discipulos suos et elegit
duodecim ex ipsis quos et apostolos nominauit\) 
& mi+d+dy d+ag aworden w+as geceigde +da +degnas his
& geceas tuoelf of +d+am +da +ac apostolas genemde.
<R 6.14>
(\simonem quem cognominauit petrum et andrean fratrem eius
iacobum et iohannen philippum et bartholomeum\) 
+done simon +done getornomade vel stan & bro+der his &
&.
<R 6.15>
(\matheum et thoman iacobum alphei et simonem qui uocatur
zelotes\) & +de huita vel & se+de is geceiged.
<R 6.16>
(\iudam iacobi et iudam scarioth qui fuit proditor\) & se+de
w+as hlega.
<R 6.17>
(\Et descendens cum illis stetit in loco campestri et turba
discipulorum eius et multitudo copiosa plebis 
ab omni iudaea et hierusalem et maritima et tyri et
sidonis qui uenerunt ut audirent eum et sanarentur 
a languoribus suis\) & ofdune astag mi+d him astod
on stou & menigo vel +dreat +degna his & +dio 
monigo monigfald folces of alle [{iudaea{] & & & & +da +de
cuomon +t+atte geherdon hine & weron geh+aldo
from adlum hiora.
<R 6.18>
(\et qui uexabantur a spiritibus inmundis curabantur\) &
+da+de gecosted weron from gastum uncl+anum woeron gelecnad.
<R 6.19>
(\et omnis turba quaerebant eum tangere quia uirtus de illo
exiebant et sanabat omnes\) & all +dread 
sohton hine to gehrinanne for+don m+ahto vel m+agno of him
foerdon & h+alde alle.
<R 6.20>
(\Et ipse eleuatis oculis in discipulos suos dicebat beati
pauperes quia uestrum est regnum dei\) & he 
ahebbendum egum on +degnum his cuoe+d eadgo +da +dorfendo
for+don iuer is ric godes.
<R 6.21>
(\Beati qui nunc esuritis quia saturabimini beati qui nunc
fletis quia ridebitis\) eadgo +da+de nu gehyncres 
for+don gie bi+don gehriorded eadgo +da+de nu gie
woepe+d for+don gie hl+ahe+d.
<P 67>
<R 6.22>
(\Beati eritis cum uos oderint homines et cum separauerint uos
et exprobrauerint et eiecerint nomen 
uestrum tamquam malum propter filium hominis\) eadgo gie
bi+don mi+d+dy iuih l+a+de+d menn & mi+d+dy tosceadon 
vel sceadas iuih & tela+d vel harm cue+da+d & auorpa+d noma
iuer suelce yfel vel apoltre fore sunu monnes.
<R 6.23>
(\gaudete in illa die et exultate ecce enim mercis uestra
multa in caelo secundum haec enim faciebant 
prophetis patres eorum\) gefea+d on +d+am d+age & wosa+d
gl+ad heono for+don mearda iura menigo on heofne
+after +d+as for+don dydon witgum fadoras hiora.
<R 6.24>
(\Uerumtamen uae uobis diuitibus quia habetis consolationem
uestram\) so+d huoe+dre w+a iuh weligum for+don 
gie habba+d froefernise iuer.
<R 6.25>
(\uae uobis quia saturati estis quia esurietis uae uobis qui
ridetis nunc quia lugebitis\) w+a iuh for+don 
ge gefylled bi+don for+don bi+don gie hyngrendo w+a iuh
+da+de gie hl+ahas nu for+don gie woepa+d.
<R 6.26>
(\uae cum bene uobis dixerint omnes homines secundum haec
faciebant prophetis patres eorum\) w+a mi+d+dy
wel iuh cuo+a+da+d alle menn +after +das dydon witgum fadoras
hiora.
<R 6.27>
(\Sed uobis dico qui auditis diligite inimicos uestros bene
facite hiis qui uos oderunt\) ah iuh ic cuoe+do 
+da+de ge geherdon lufiga+d fiondas iura wel doe+d
+d+am +da+de iuih l+a+da+d.
<R 6.28>
(\benedicite maledicentibus uobis orate pro calumniantibus
uos\) wel cue+das vel bloedsas +d+am woergendum 
iuh gebidda+d fore +d+am harmcuoedum iuih.
<R 6.29>
(\Et qui te percutit in maxillam praebe et alteram et ab eo
qui auferet tibi uestimentum etiam tunica 
noli prohibere\) & se+de +dec slae+d on cece agef +ac +da
o+dero & from him vel of +d+am se+de genime+d +de woedo 
+ac +t+at cyrtil n+alle +du forstonda vel forbeada.
<R 6.30>
(\omni autem petenti te tribue et qui auferet que tua sunt ne
repetas\) eghuelcum uutedlice giugiende
+dec sel & se+de nimme+d +da+de +din sint ne eftbidde +du.
<R 6.31>
(\Et prout uultis ut faciant uobis homines et uos facite illis
similiter\) & su+a gie w+alle +t+atte hia 
doa+d vel gedoe iuh menn & gie doa+d him gelic.
<R 6.32>
(\Et si diligitis eos qui uos diligunt quae uobis est gratia
nam et peccatores diligentes se diligunt\) 
& gif gie lufa+d hia +da+de iuih lufa+d +da vel huelc iuh
is +donc vel wuldor for+don & synnfullo +da lufiande 
hia lufagiad.
<P 69>
<R 6.33>
(\et si benefeceritis hiis qui uobis benefaciunt quae uobis
est gratia siquidem et peccatores hoc faciunt\) 
& gif wel gie doe+d +d+am +da+de iuh wel doe+d huelc
iuh is +donc +dahhue+dre & synnfulle +dis doa+d.
<R 6.34>
(\et si mutum dederitis his a quibus speratis accipere quae
gratia est uobis nam et peccatores peccatoribus 
f+enerantur ut recipiant aequalia\) & gif huerf gie
sellas +d+am from +d+am gie hyhta+d to onfoane 
huelc +donc is iuh for+don & synnfullo synnfullum bi+don
gearwyr+ded +t+atte onfoa+d efne vel.
<R 6.35>
(\uerumtamen diligite inimicos uestros et benefacite et
mutuum date nihil in te sperantes et erit mercis 
uestra multa et eritis filii altissimi quia ipse
benignus est super ingratos et malos\) so+dhue+dre 
lufiges fiondes iuera & wel doa+d & huoerf sealla+d noht
on +dec hyhtendo & bi+d meard iura micelo 
& gie bi+don sunu +d+as heiste for+don he rummod is ofer
un+doncfullum & yflum.
<R 6.36>
(\estote ergo misericordes sicut et pater uester
misericors est\) wosa+d gie for+don miltheorte su+a & faeder 
iuer miltheart is.
<R 6.37>
(\Nolite iudicare et non iudicabimini nolite condemnare et non
condemnabimini dimittite et dimittimini\) 
n+alla+d gie gedoema & ne +t+atte gie se gedoemed
n+alla+d gie gehni+dra & +t+atte gie ne se gehni+drad forletas
& iuh bi+d forleten.
<R 6.38>
(\date et dabitur uobis mensuram bonam confertam et coagitatam
et super effluentem dabunt in sinum uestrum 
eadem quippe mensura quia mensi fueritis rementientur
uobis\) seallas & iuh bi+d sald gewoege 
vel gemet god efne gebroht & & oferflouende hia sella+d on
barm iuer +dio ilca for+don gemet +t+atte metende 
gie bi+don eftgemeten iuh bi+d.
<R 6.39>
(\Dicebat autem illis et similitudinem numquid potest caecus
caecum ducere nonne ambo in foueam cadent\) 
cuoe+d +donne him & onlicnese hue+der m+ag se blind +done
blinde gel+ada ahne boege on sea+de falla+d.
<R 6.40>
(\Non est discipulus super magistrum perfectus autem omnis
erit sicut magister eius\) ne is vel nese 
discipul ofer magistre wisf+ast +donne eghuelc bi+d gif vel
sua laruu his.
<R 6.41>
(\Quid autem uides festucam in oculo fratres tui trabem autem
quae in oculo tuo est non consideras\) 
hu+ad +donne gesiist +du +t+at lytle mot in ego bro+dres
+dines +done beam uutedlice +dio in ego +dinum is ne
efnesceauas +du.
<P 71>
<R 6.42>
(\et quomodo potes dicere fratri tuo frater sine eiciam
festucam de oculo tuo ipse in oculo tuo trabem 
non uidens hypocrita eice primum trabem de oculo tuo et
tunc respicies ut educas festucam de oculo 
fratris tui\) & hu m+aht +du cuo+a+da bro+dre +dinum bro+der
forlet +t+atte ic aworpo +done mot of ego +dinum 
he in ego +dinum +t+at beam ne gesiis +du la legere aworp
+arist +done beam of ego +dinum & +donne +du eftlocas 
+t+atte +du [{ofgebrenge{] +d+at mot of ego bro+dres
+dines.
<R 6.43>
(\Non est enim arbor bona quae facit fructos malos neque arbor
mala faciens fructum bonum\) ne is for+don 
tree god +dio doe+d w+astma yfla ne tree yfla wyrcas
w+astm god.
<R 6.44>
(\unaquaeque enim arbor de fructu suo cognoscitur neque enim
de spinis colligunt ficus neque de rubo
uindemiant uuam\) an su+ahu+alc for+don tree of w+astm his
gecy+ded bi+d ne for+don of +dornum gesomna+d ficbeam 
ne of [{reado{] hia winiga+d vel monigfaldas +t+at
winbeger vel +t+at cropp.
<R 6.45>
(\Bonus homo de bono thesauro cordis sui profert bonum et
malus homo de malo profert malum ex habundantia 
enim cordis os loquitur\) god mon of god strion heartes
his ahefe+d god & yfel monn of yfele ahebbe+d 
yfel of monigfaldnise for+don heartes mu+d spreces.
<R 6.46>
(\Quid autem uocatis me domine domine et non facitis quae
dico\) hu+ad +donne ceiges gie mec drihten drihten 
& ne doa+d gie +da +de ic cuoe+do.
<R 6.47>
(\Omnis qui uenit ad me et audit sermones meos et facit eos
ostendam uobis cui similis sit\) eghuoelc 
se+de cyme+d to me & gehere+d worda mina & doe+d +da vel hia
ic adeawa iuh hu+am gelic sie.
<R 6.48>
(\similis est homini aedificanti domum qui fodit in altum et
posuit fundamenta supra petram inundatione 
autem facta inlisum est flumen domui illi et non potuit
eam mouere fundata enim erat supra petram\) 
gelic is +d+am menn timbrende hus se+de delf+a+d on
heanise & gesette +da grundas ofer carr vel stan flod 
vel hreh mi+d+dy uutedlice awar+d tobrocen w+as se stream
+d+am huse & m+ahte hia gestyurige gesettet
for+don w+as onufa carr.
<R 6.49>
(\qui autem audiuit et non fecit similis est homini
aedificanti domum suam supra petram sine fundamento 
in qua inlisus est fluuius et continuo cecidit et facta
est ruina domus illius magna\) se+de +donne 
geherde & ne dyde gelic is +d+am menn timbrende hus his
onufa stan buta grund on +don toslitten w+as
+t+at stream & sona gefeall & aworden w+as faell huses +d+as
micel.
<P 73>
<R 7.1>
(\Cum autem implesset omnia uerba sua in aures plebis intrauit
capharnaum\) mi+d+dy uutedlice gefyllde 
alle worda his in earum folces infoerde in +t+at burug.
<R 7.2>
(\centurionis autem cuiusdam seruus male habens erat moriturus
qui illi erat pretiosus\) +d+as aldormonnes 
+da sum esne yfle h+abbend w+as deadlic se+de him w+as
diorwyr+de.
<R 7.3>
(\et cum audisset de iesu misit ad eum seniores iudaeorum
rogans eum ut ueniret et saluaret seruum eius\) 
& mi+d+dy geherde from +d+am h+alend sende to him
+aldowuto baed hine +t+atte gecuome & haelde +drael his.
<R 7.4>
(\at illi cum uenissent ad iesum rogabant eum sollicite
dicentes ei quia dignus est ut hoc illi praestes\) 
so+d hia mi+d+dy gecuomon to +d+am h+alend bedon hine
geornlice cuoedon him +t+atte vel for+don wyr+de 
is +t+atte +dis him +du doe.
<R 7.5>
(\diligit enim gentem nostram et synagogam ipse aedificauit
nobis\) lufa+d for+don cynn usra & somnung 
vel cirica he getimbrade us.
<R 7.6>
(\iesus autem ibat cum illis et cum iam non longe esset a domo
misit ad eum centurio amicos dicens domine 
noli uexari non enim dignus sum ut sub tectum meum
intres\) se h+alend uutedlice foerde mi+d him
& mi+d+dy so+dlice ne fearr w+as from hus sende to him se
aldorman freondas cuoe+d drihten n+alle +du firrfara 
[^SKEAT: firr-farra^] vel ne for+don wyr+de am +t+atte under
hrof minum inngae.
<R 7.7>
(\propter quod et me ipsum non sum dignum arbitratus ut
uenirem ad te sed dic uerbo et sanabitur puer 
meus\) +ac fore+don & mec seolfne ne am ic wyr+de doemend am
+t+atte ic cuome to +de ah cuoe+d mi+d worde 
& hal bi+d cn+aht min.
<R 7.8>
(\nam et ego homo sum sub potestate constitutus habens sub me
milites et dico huic uade et uadit et
alio ueni et uenit et seruo meo fac hoc et facit\) fore+don &
ic monn am under m+aht efnegesettet hafo 
under mec heremenn & ic cuoe+do +disum gaa & gae+d & o+dre
cym & cyme+d & +dr+ale minum do +dis & doe+d.
<R 7.9>
(\quo audito iesu miratus est et conuersus sequentibus se
turbis dixit amen dico uobis nec in israhel 
tantam fidem inueni\) mi+d+dy geherde se h+alend aundrad
w+as & efnegecerde vel ymbw+arlde +d+am +afterfylgendum 
hine +dreatum cuoe+d so+dlice ic cuoe+do iuh ne in
israel +dus micelo geleafo gemoete ic vel ne fand ic.
<P 75>
<R 7.10>
(\Et reuersi qui missi fuerant domum inuenerunt seruum qui
languerat sanum\) & gecerdon +da+de gesended
woeron to ham vel hus gemoeton +done esne se+de unhal w+as
hal.
<R 7.11>
(\Et factum est inceps ibat in ciuitatem quae uocatur naim et
ibant cum illo discipuli eius et turba
copiosa\) & aworden w+as +after +don foerde on ceastre +diu
is genemned naim & eadon mi+d hine +degnas his & folc monigo.
<R 7.12>
(\cum autem apropinquaret port+e ciuitatis et ecce defunctus
efferebatur filius unicus matris suae et
haec uidua erat et turba ciuitatis multa cum illa\) mi+d+dy
+donne geneolecte to durum ceastres & heono 
dead w+as ferende sunu ancende moderes his & +dios widua
w+as & folco ceastres monig mi+d hia.
<R 7.13>
(\quam cum uidisset dominus misericordia motus super ea dixit
illi noli flere\) +t+at ilca mi+d+dy gesege
se drihten mi+d miltheortnise gecerred ofer hia cuoe+d hir to
n+alle +du woepa.
<R 7.14>
(\et accessit et tetigit loculum hi autem qui portabant
steterunt et ait adulescens tibi dico surge\)
& geneolecde & hran +t+at ceiste +da uutedlice +da+de beron
stodon & cuoe+d esne +de ic cuoe+do aris.
<R 7.15>
(\et resedit qui fuerat mortuus et cepit loqui et dedit illum
matri suae\) & efts+att vel aras se+de w+as 
dead & ongann spreca & salde hine moeder his.
<R 7.16>
(\accepit autem omnes timor et magnificabant deum dicentes
quia propheta magnus surrexit in nobis et
quia deus uisitauit plebem suam\) ondfeng uutedlice alle ondo
& wundradon god cuoedon +t+atte witga micel 
aras in us & for+don god sohte folc his.
<R 7.17>
(\Et exiit hic sermo in uniuersam iudaeam de eo et omnem
circa regionem\) & eode vel foerde +dis word
on all iudea & all ymb +t+at lond.
<R 7.18>
(\Et nuntiauerunt iohanni discipuli eius de omnibus his\) &
s+agdon iohanne +degnas his of allum +d+am.
<R 7.19>
(\Et conuocauit duos de discipulis suis iohannes et misit ad
dominum dicens tu es qui uenturus es an
alium expectamus\) & efnegeceigde tuoge from +degnum his
iohannes & sende to drihtne cuoe+d +du ar+d vel 
ar+d +du se+de tocymende w+as vel ar+d vel o+der we abide+d.
<P 77>
<R 7.20>
(\cum autem uenissent ad eum uiri dixerunt iohannis baptista
misit nos ad te dicens tu es qui uenturus 
es an alium expectamus\) mi+d+dy uutedlice gecuomon to him
w+aras cuoedon iohannes sende usih to +de
cuoe+dende +du ar+d se+de tocymende w+as vel ar+d vel o+der
we abidas.
<R 7.21>
(\in ipsa autem hora curauit multos a languoribus et plagis et
spiritibus malis et caecis multis donauit 
uisum\) in +dailca +donne tid lecnade monigo of adlum &
teissum vel cualmum & of gastum yflum & blindum 
monigum salde gesih+de.
<R 7.22>
(\et respondens dixit illis euntes nuntiate iohanni quae
uidistis et audistis quia caeci uident claudi 
ambulant leprosi mundantur surdi audiunt mortui resurgunt
pauperes euangelizantur\) & ondsuarede 
cuoe+d to him geongas s+agcas iohanne +da +ding gie gesego &
gie herdon +t+atte blindo gesea+d halto geonge+d 
hreafo gecl+ansad aron vel sint deafo gehera+d deado
arisa+d +dorfendo hia bodag+a+d.
<R 7.23>
(\et beatus est quicumque non fuerit scandalizatus in me\) &
eadig is suahu+alc se+de ne bi+d geondspurnad on mec.
<R 7.24>
(\et cum discessissent nuntii iohannis coepit dicere de
iohanne ad turbas quid existis in desertum uidere 
harundinem uento moueri\) & mi+d+dy fromfoerdon
erendwreco iohannes ongann cuoe+da of iohanne to 
+d+am hergum ymb hu+ad vel forhuon foerdon gie on woestern
gesea hread vel gerd from wind gecerred.
<R 7.25>
(\sed quid existis uidere hominem mollibus uestimentis indutum
ecce qui in ueste pretiosa sunt et deliciis 
in domibus regum sunt\) ah forhon foerdo gie gesea
monno hnescum gewoedum gegearuad heono se+de 
in woede diorwyr+de sint & in huso cyninga sint.
<R 7.26>
(\sed quid existis uidere prophetam utique dico uobis et plus
quam prophetam\) ah ymb hu+ad foerdon gie 
gesea vel to sceawnne witgo uutedlice ic cuoe+do iuh &
for+dor +don witge.
<R 7.27>
(\Hic est de quo scribtum est ecce mitto angelum meum ante
faciem tuam qui praeparabit uiam tuam ante 
te\) +dis is of +don awritten is vel w+as heono ic sendo
engel min fore onsione +din se+de foregearwa+de
weg +din fore +dec.
<R 7.28>
(\Dico enim uobis maior inter natos mulierum propheta iohanne
baptista nemo est cui autem minor est 
in regno dei maior est illo\) ic cuoe+do for+don iuh mara
bituih sunvm wifa witge from iohanne ne +anig
is +d+am +de +donne leasa is in ric godes mara is him vel
+d+am.
<P 79>
<R 7.29>
(\Et omnis populus audiens et publicani iusticauerunt deum
baptizati baptismo iohannis\) & all folc geherde 
& b+arsynnig geso+df+astadon god weron gefulwad mi+d
fulwiht iohannes.
<R 7.30>
(\pharisaei autem et legis periti consilium dei spreuerunt in
semetipsos non baptizati ab eo\) +da aeldo 
+donne & aes wuto +d+ahtung godes teldon on him seolfum ne
woeron gefulwad from him.
<R 7.31>
(\Cui ergo similes dicam homines generationis huius et cui
similes sunt\) hu+am for+don ongelic ic cuoe+do 
menn cneoreses +disses & hu+am ongelic sint.
<R 7.32>
(\similes sunt pueris sedentibus in foro et loquentibus
adinuicem et dicentibus cantauimus uobis tibiis 
et non saltastis lamentauimus et non plorastis\) ongelic
sint cnaehtum sittendum on sprec & sprecendum 
bituih & cuoe+dendum we gesungun iuh mi+d hwistlum & ne
pl+agade gie we hondbeafton & ne w+apde gie.
<R 7.33>
(\uenit enim iohannes baptista neque manducans panem neque
bibens uinum et dicitis d+emonium habet\) cuom 
for+don iohannes ne ete+d hlaf ne drinca+d win & gie
cuoe+das diowl h+afe+d.
<R 7.34>
(\uenit filius hominis manducans et bibens et dicitis ecce
homo deuorator et bibens uinum amicus publicanorum 
et peccatorum\) cuom sunu monnes ete+d & drinca+d &
gie cuoe+da+d heono monn ettere & drinca+d 
+t+at win freond b+arsynigra & synnfullra.
<R 7.35>
(\et iustificata est sapientia ab omnibus filiis suis\) &
geso+df+astad w+as mi+d snytro from allum sunum
his.
<R 7.36>
(\Rogabat autem illum quidam de pharisaeis ut manducaret cum
illo et ingressus domum pharisaei discubuit\) 
gebaed +da hine sum from aeldeuutum +t+atte geete mi+d
hine & infoerde hus gehlionade.
<R 7.37>
(\Et ecce mulier quae erat in ciuitate peccatrix ut cognouit
quod accubuit in domo pharisaei attulit 
alabastrum ungenti\) & heono wif +dio w+as in ceastra
portcuoene vel synnfule +t+atte ongaet +t+atte hlionade 
in hus tobrohte oelef+at full smirinise.
<R 7.38>
(\et stans retro secus pedes eius lacrimis coepit rigare pedes
eius et capillis capitis sui tergebat
et osculabatur pedes eius et ungento ungebat\) & stod
bihianda +at fotum his mi+d t+aherum vel tearum 
ongann ge+duoa vel a+doa foet his & mi+d herum heafdes hir+a
gedrygde & gecyste foet his & mi+d smirinise a+duoh.
<P 81>
<R 7.39>
(\uidens autem pharisaeus qui uocauerat eum ait intra se
dicens hic si esset propheta sciret utique 
quae et qualis mulier esset quae tangit eum quia peccatrix
est\) ges+ah +da se aldawuta se+de geceigde 
hine cuoe+d bituih him cuoe+d +des gif were witge wiste
uutedlice (\id est\) +dailca & hulic wif were +dio
gehrine+d him +t+atte portcuoene is.
<R 7.40>
(\et respondens iesus dixit ad illum simon habeo tibi aliquid
dicere at ille ait magister dic\) & onduearde 
se h+alend cuoe+d to him vel +d+am ic hafo +de
huothuoego to cuoe+danne so+d he cuoe+d laruu cuoe+d.
<R 7.41>
(\duo debitores erant cuidam feneratori unus debebat denarios
quingentos alius quinquagenta\) tuoege 
scyldgo woeron sume ricemenn an ahte to geldanne penningas fif
[{hundra+d{] o+der fifteih.
<R 7.42>
(\non habentibus illis unde redderent donauit utrisque quis
ergo eum plus diliget\) ne h+abbendum +d+am 
huona guldon forgaef him baem vel eghder huelc for+don hine
for+dor lufade.
<R 7.43>
(\respondens simon dixit aestimo quia his cui plus donauit at
ille dixit ei recte iudicasti\) geondsuarede 
cuoe+d ic woeno +t+atte of +disum +d+am for+dor vel mara
forgaef so+d he cuoe+d him rehte +du doemdest.
<R 7.44>
(\et conuersus ad mulierem dixit simoni uides hanc mulierem
intraui in domum tuam aquam pedibus meis
non dedisti haec autem lacrimis rigauit pedes meos et
capillis suis tersit\) & ymbw+arlde to +d+am wife 
cuoe+d to simon gesiist +du +dios wif ic infoerde in hus
+din +t+at w+ater fotum minum ne saldest +du +dios 
uutedlice mi+d tearum vel tehrum a+duoh foet mine & mi+d
herum hire gecl+ansade.
<R 7.45>
(\osculum mihi non dedisti haec autem ex quo intraui non
cessauit osculari pedes meos\) coss me ne saldest 
+du +dios uutedlice of +don vel si+d+da in ic foerde ne
blann cossetunges vel foeta mine.
<R 7.46>
(\oleo capud meum non unxisti haec autem ungento unxit pedes
meos\) mi+d smirinise heafod min ne ge+duoge 
+du +dios uutedlice mi+d smirenise a+duogh foet min.
<R 7.47>
(\propter quod dico tibi remittentur ei peccata multa quoniam
dilexit multum cui autem minus dimittitur 
minus diligit\) fore+don ic cuoe+do +de forgefen bi+don
hir+a synno menigo for+don lufade sui+de vel feolo 
+d+am uutedlice lyttel bi+d forgefen lyttel lufad vel
lufade.
<R 7.48>
(\dixit autem ad illam remittuntur tibi peccata\) cuoe+d 
[^TORONTO CORPUS: cuo+d^] +da
to +d+ar ilca forgefen bi+don +de synna.
<P 83>
<R 7.49>
(\et coeperunt qui simul discumbebant dicere intra se quis est
hic qui etiam peccata dimittit\) & ongunnon 
+da+de mi+d +atgeadre hliongende woeron gecuoe+da betuih
him hu+at is +des se+de f+astlice synna forgefe+d.
<R 7.50>
(\dixit autem ad mulierem fides tua te saluam fecit uade in
pace\) cuoe+d +da to +d+am wife geleafo +din +deh 
hal dyde gaa in sibbe.
<R 8.1>
(\Et factum est deinceps et ipse iter faciebat per ciuitatem
et castellum praedicans et euangelizans 
regnum dei et duodecim cum illo\) & aworden w+as +after +don
& he geong dyde +derh ceastra & woerc bodade 
& godspellade ric godes & tuoelfo mi+d hine.
<R 8.2>
(\et mulieres alique quae erant curatae ab spiritibus malignis
et infirmitatibus maria quae uocatur 
magdalene de qua demonia septem exierant\) & +da wifo & o+dro 
+da +de woeron geh+aled from gastum wohfullum vel yflum vel 
unrehtwisum & from untrymnisum +dio is geceiged magdalenesca
of +d+ar diowlas seofo offoerdon.
<R 8.3>
(\et iohanna uxor chuza procuratoris herodis et susanna et
aliae multae quae ministrabant eis de facultatibus 
suis\) & wif chuzes & & o+dero menigo +da +de
embehtadon +d+am of strionum hiora.
<R 8.4>
(\Cum autem turba plurima conueniret de ciuitatibus
properarent ad eum dixit per similitudinem\) mi+d+dy 
+donne +dreat menigo efnecuome of ceastrum geneolecdon to
him cuoe+d +derh onlicnise vel bisene.
<R 8.5>
(\exit qui seminat seminare semen suum et dum seminat aliud
cecidit secus uiam et conculcatum est et 
uolucres caeli comederunt illud\) eade se+de sawe+d to
sawenne sed his & mi+d+dy sawe+d o+der feall neh 
wege & getreden w+as & flegendo heofnes gefreten +t+at.
<R 8.6>
(\et aliud cecidit super petram et natum aruit quia non
habebat umorem\) & o+der feall ofer stan & +t+at
brord vel awisnade vel fordrugade for+don ne h+abde wetnise.
<R 8.7>
(\et aliud cecidit secus spinas et simul exortae spinae
suffocauerunt illud\) & o+der gefeall +at +dornum 
& ongelic arison +dornas under+dulfon vel fordydon +t+at.
<R 8.8>
(\et aliud cecidit in terram bonam et ortum fecit fructum
centumplum haec dicens clamabat qui habet 
aures audiendi audiat\) & o+der feoll on eor+do god &
uphebbing dyde w+astm hunteantig si+da monigfald +das 
cuoe+dende ceigde se+de h+afe+d earo hernises gehera+d.
<R 8.9>
(\interrogabant autem eum discipuli eius quae esset parabola\)
gefrugnon +da hine +degnas his hu+at w+are
+dio biseno.
<P 85>
<R 8.10>
(\quibus ipse dixit uobis datum est nosse mysterium regni dei
ceteris autem in parabolis ut uidentes
non uideant et audientes non intellegant\) +d+am he cuoe+d
iuh gesald is to wuttanne vel +t+at gie witte
cl+ane ryne vel as+agdnise rices godes o+drum uutedlice in
geddungum +t+atte gesegon ne gesea+d & geherdon ne oncnaue+d.
<R 8.11>
(\Est autem haec parabola semen est uerbum dei\) is +donne
+dios bisseno sed is word godes.
<R 8.12>
(\qui autem secus uiam sunt qui audiunt deinde uenit diabolus
et tollit uerbum de corde eorum ne credentes 
salui fiant\) se+de uutedlice +at woeg sint +da +de
gehera+d +after +don cuom se diowl & genom +t+at 
word of heorta hiora ne gelefas +t+atte hal hia [{gewor+da{] .
<R 8.13>
(\nam qui supra petram qui cum audierint cum gaudio suscipiunt
uerbum et hi radicem non habent qui ad 
tempus credunt et in tempore temtationis recedunt\) for+don
se+de onufa stan +da +de mi+d+dy gehera+d mi+d
gefea vel gl+adnise onfoa+d word & +das wyrtruma ne habba+d
+da+de to tid vel to huil gelefa+d & in tid costunges 
hia fearrage+d vel flea+d.
<R 8.14>
(\quod autem in spinis cecidit hi sunt qui audierunt et
sollicitudinibus et diuitis et uoluptatibus
uitae euntes suffocantur et non referunt fructum\) +t+atte
uutedlice in +dornum gefeall +das sindon +da+de 
geherdon & mi+d gemnissum & walum & willum lifes mi+d+dy
geongas underdolfen bi+don & ne eftbrenge+d w+astm.
<R 8.15>
(\quod autem in bonam terram hi sunt qui in corde bono et
optimo audientes uerbum retinent et fructum 
afferunt in patientia\) +t+atte uutedlice on god eor+do +das
sint +da+de in herte god & gecoren geherdon
word haldas & w+astm brengas in ge+dyld.
<R 8.16>
(\Nemo autem lucernam accendens operit eam uase aut subtus
lectum ponit sed supra candelabrum ponit 
ut intrantes uideant lumen\) ne +anig monn +donne lehtf+at vel
+d+acilla mi+d+dy gebernes awria +dailca mi+d 
fatte vel under bedd sette ah onufa lehtisrn sette +t+atte
[{ingeongande{] vel inf+arende hia gesea +t+at leht.
<R 8.17>
(\Non enim est occultum quod non manifestetur nec absconditum
quod non cognoscatur et in palam ueniat\) 
ne for+don is degle +t+atte ne bi+d +adeawad ne gehyded
vel forholen +t+atte ne oncnauen vel ongetten bid 
& on eawung cymed.
<R 8.18>
(\Uidete ergo quomodo auditis qui enim habet dabitur illi et
quicumque non habet etiam quod putat se
habere auferetur ab illo\) gesea+d for+don huu ge
[{geherdon{] +de+de for+don h+afe+d gesald bi+d him & sua hua 
se+de ne h+afe+d uutedlice +t+atte woene+d hine vel he
h+abbe genumen bi+d from him vel +d+am.
<P 87>
<R 8.19>
(\Uenerunt autem ad illum mater et fratres eius et non
poterant adire ad eum prae turba\) cuomon +donne 
to him vel +d+am moder & bro+dro his & ne m+ahton gecuma to
him fore +d+am here.
<R 8.20>
(\et nuntiatum est illi mater tua et fratres tui stant foris
uolentes te uidere\) & as+agd w+as him moder 
+din & bro+dro +dine stonde+d uta wallas +dec gesea.
<R 8.21>
(\qui respondens dixit ad eos mater mea et fratres mei hi sunt
qui uerbum dei audiunt et faciunt\) se+de 
ondsuarede cuoe+d to him vel +d+am moder min & bro+dro
mine +das sint +da+de word godes gehera+d & doa+d.
<R 8.22>
(\Factum est autem in una dierum et ipse ascendit in una
nauicula et discipuli eius et ait ad illos 
transfretemus trans stagnum et ascenderunt\) aworden w+as +da
on an +dara dagana & he astag on an scipp
& +degnas his & cuoe+d to him vel to +d+am ofercearfa we vel
ofer +t+at luh & astigon.
<R 8.23>
(\nauigantibus autem illis obdormiuit et descendit procella
uenti in stagnum et complebantur et periclitabantur\) 
hrowundum vel mi+d+dy gehrowun +donne +d+am
slepde & ofduna astag hr+as vel windes on luh & 
gefylled woeron vel & woeron afryhtad vel.
<R 8.24>
(\accedentes autem suscitauerunt eum dicentes praeceptor
perimus at ille surgens increpauit uentum et 
tempestatem aquae et cessauit et facta est tranquillitas\)
geneolecton uutedlice awoehton hine cuoe+dende 
vel cwoedon la haesere we losaia+d so+dlice he aras
ge+dreade +t+at wind & hroe+dnise vel unwoeder
+d+as w+atres & geblann & aworden w+as +dio smyltnise.
<R 8.25>
(\dixit autem illis ubi est fides uestra qui timentes mirati
sunt dicentes adinuicem quis putas hic 
est quia et uentis imperat et mari et oboediunt ei\) cuoe+d
uutedlice +d+am huoer is gehleafo iuera +da+de 
geeondredes awundradon vel woeron awundrad cuoedon bituih
hua woenest +du +des is +t+atte & windum hatte+d 
& sae & gehera+d him.
<R 8.26>
(\Enauigauerunt autem ad regionem gerasenorum quae est contra
galilaeam\) +dona gehrewun +da to londe +dara 
lioda +dio is fora ong+agn galilea.
<R 8.27>
(\et cum egressus esset ad terram occurrit illi uir quidam qui
habebat d+emonium iam temporibus multis 
et uestimento non induebatur neque in domo manebat sed in
monumentis\) & mi+d+dy f+arende woere to londe 
tog+agnes arn him wer sum se+de h+afde +done diowl
f+astlice tidum monigum & mi+d woedo ne gegearuad 
w+as ne in hus gewunade ah in byrgennum.
<P 89>
<R 8.28>
(\is ut uidit iesum procidit ante illum et exclamans uoce
magna dixit quid mihi et tibi est iesu fili 
dei altissimi obsecro te ne me torqueas\) +des +t+atte
ges+ah +done h+alend gefeall befora him & ceigde
vel cliopade stefne micla cnoe+d hu+ad me & +de is h+alend
sunu godes +d+as h+asta ic biddo +dec ne mec +drouiga 
vel +t+atte +du mec ne gegroeta vel ne pinia.
<R 8.29>
(\praecipiebat enim spiritui inmundo ut exiret ab homine
multis enim temporibus arripiebat illum et 
uinciebatur catenis et compedibus custoditus et ruptis
uinculis agebatur a d+emonio in deserta\) bebeade 
for+don +d+am uncl+ane gaste +t+atte foerde of +d+am menn
monigum for+don tidum fornom hine & gebunden w+as 
mi+d raccentegum & mi+d fatrum gehalden w+as & mi+d+dy
geslitten weron +da bendo gedrifen w+as from diowl+a 
on woesternum.
<R 8.30>
(\interrogauit autem illum iesus dicens quod tibi nomen est
at ille dixit legio quia intrauerunt daemonia 
multa in eum\) gefraign +da hine se h+alend cuoe+d
hu+ad +de noma is so+d he cuoe+d here for+don ineadon 
diowlas monigo in him.
<R 8.31>
(\et rogabant eum ne imperaret illis ut in abissum irent\) &
bedon hine +t+atte ne gehehte him +t+atte in
niolnise gefoerdon hia.
<R 8.32>
(\erat autem ibi grex porcorum multorum pascentium in monte et
rogabant eum ut permitteret eis in illos 
ingredi et permisit illis\) w+as +donne +der ede vel sunor
bergana monigo foedendra vel lesuuandra 
on more & bedon hine +t+atte gelefde him in +d+am ingeonga &
gelefde him.
<R 8.33>
(\exierunt ergo daemonia ab homine et intrauerunt in porcos et
impetu abiit grex per praeceps in stagnum 
et suffocatus est\) foerdon for+don +da diowblas of +d+a
menn & infoerdon in bergum & mi+d ferr+as eode 
+t+at sunor oefistlice on luh & fordoen w+as.
<R 8.34>
(\quod ut uiderunt factum qui pascebant fugierunt et
nuntiauerunt in ciuitatem et in uillas\) +t+atte sua 
+t+at gesegon aworden vel awar+d +da+de gelesuadon flugun &
s+agdon in +da burug & in londum.
<R 8.35>
(\exierunt autem uidere quod factum est et uenerunt ad iesum
et inuenerunt hominem sedentem a quo d+emonia 
exierant uestitum ac sana mente ad pedes eius et
timuerunt\) foerdon +donne gesea +t+atte auorden 
w+as & cuomon to +d+am h+alende & gemoeton +done monno
sittende of +d+am +da diowlas foerdon geweded & [{hale{] 
+dohte to fotum his & on+dreardon.
<R 8.36>
(\nuntiauerunt autem illis et qui uiderant quomodo sanus
factus esset a legione\) s+agdon +da +d+am & +da+de 
gesegon huu hal aworden w+as from diowla here.
<P 91>
<R 8.37>
(\et rogauerunt illum omnis multitudo regionis gerasenorum ut
discederet ab ipsis quia timore magno 
tenebantur ipse autem ascendens nauem reuersus est\) & be+don
hine all +dio menigo londes +dara lioda +t+atte 
gefearrade from +d+am for+don mi+d fyrhto miclo woeron
gehalden he +donne astag +t+at scipp eftcerde vel cerrende.
<R 8.38>
(\et rogabat illum uir a quo daemonia exierant ut cum eo esset
dimisit autem eum iesus dicens\) & gebaed 
hine se woer of +d+am +da diowblas foerdon +t+atte mi+d
hine were forleort +da hine se h+alend cuoe+d.
<R 8.39>
(\redi domum tuam et narra quanta tibi fecit deus et abiit per
uniuersam ciuitatem praedicans quanta
illi fecisset iesus\) eftf+ar to huse +dinum & s+age huu
micla +de dyde god & eode +derh alle +da ceastra
bodade hu micla him dyde se h+alend.
<R 8.40>
(\Factum est autem cum redisset iesus excepit illum turba
erant enim omnes exspectantes eum\) aworden
w+as +donne mi+d+dy eftcuom se h+alend onfeng hine +dio
+dread woeron for+don alle bidende hine.
<R 8.41>
(\et ecce uenit uir cui nomen iairus et ipse princeps
synagogae erat et cecidit ad pedes iesu rogans
eum ut intraret in domum eius\) & heono cuom se wer +d+am
noma w+as & he aldormon somnunges w+as & feall 
to fotum h+alendes geb+ad hine +t+atte inneode in hus his.
<R 8.42>
(\quia filia unica erat illi fere annorum duodecim et haec
moriebatur et contigit dum iret a turba 
comprimebatur\) for+don dohter ancende w+as him woeno ic
wintro tuoelfo & +dios deadade & gelamp mi+d+dy eode 
from +d+am here w+as ge+dringed vel ge+drungen.
<R 8.43>
(\et mulier quaedam erat in fluxu sanguinis ab annis duodecim
quae in medicos erogauerat omnem substantiam 
suam nec ab ullo potuit curari\) & wif [{sum{] w+as in
flowing blodes from wintrum tuoelfum +dio on 
lecum fromsalde all feh hire ne from +anigum m+ahte
gelecn+age vel wosa gelecned.
<R 8.44>
(\accessit retro et tetigit fimbriam uestimenti eius et
confestim stetit fluxus sanguinis eius\) geneolecde 
behianda & gehran fasne wedes his & sona astod +t+at
flowing blodes hire.
<R 8.45>
(\et ait iesus quis est qui me tetigit negantibus autem
omnibus dixit petrus et qui cum illo erant praeceptor 
turbae te comprimunt et affligunt et dicis quis me
tetigit\) & cuoe+d se h+alend hua w+as se+de 
mec gehran ons+accendum +donne allum cuoe+d petrus & +da+de
mi+d him woeron haesere +da menigo +dec ge+dringa+d 
& woerda+d vel & +du cuoe+das hua mec gehran.
<P 93>
<R 8.46>
(\et dixit iesus tetigit me aliquis nam ego noui uirtutem de
me exisse\) & cuoe+d se h+alend gehran mec
huoelc huoege for+don ic wiste m+aht from mec eode.
<R 8.47>
(\uidens autem mulier quia non latuit tremens uenit et
procidit ante pedes illius et ob quam causam 
tetigerit eum indicauit coram omni populo et quemammodum
confestim sanata sit\) ges+ah +donne +t+at wif 
+t+atte ne gedegelde cuaccende cuom & gefeall fore fotum +d+as
vel his & fore +d+am inting gehrine hrine 
becnade fora allum folce & huu sona geh+aled w+as.
<R 8.48>
(\at ipse dixit illi filia fides tua te saluam fecit uade in
pace\) so+d he cuoe+d him dohter geleafa +din 
+dec hal dyde gaa in sipp.
<R 8.49>
(\athuc illo loquente uenit a principe synagogae dicens ei
quia mortua est filia tua noli uexare illum\) 
+dageane hine spreccende from aldormonn somnunges cuoe+d
him +t+atte dead is dohter +din n+alle +du gestyrege hine.
<R 8.50>
(\iesus autem audito hoc uerbo respondit patri puellae noli
timere crede tantum et salua erit\) se h+alend 
+da mi+d+dy geherde +dis word geondsuarede feder +d+ar+a
m+adne n+alle +du +de ondrede gelef ana & hal hio bi+d.
<R 8.51>
(\et cum uenisset domum non permisit intrare secum quemquam
nisi petrum iacobum et iohannem et patrem 
et matrem puellae\) & mi+d+dy gecuome to hame ne gelefde
ingeonga mi+d +anig buta & & & fader & moder +d+ar+a m+agdne.
<R 8.52>
(\flebant autem omnes et plangebant illam at ille dixit nolite
flere non est mortua sed dormit\) gewaepon 
+donne alle & m+andon +dailca so+d he cuoe+d nalla+d ge
woepa ne is dead ah slepe+d.
<R 8.53>
(\et deridebant eum scientes quia mortua esset\) & hlogun vel
teldon hine hia wiston +t+atte dead were.
<R 8.54>
(\ipse autem tenens manum eius clamauit dicens puella surge\)
he +da geheald hond his cliopade cuoe+dende 
la m+agden aris.
<R 8.55>
(\et reuersus est spiritus eius et surrexit continuo et iussit
illi dari manducare\) & eftawoende w+as
gaast hire vel +d+ara & aras recone & heht hir sealla eatta.
<R 8.56>
(\et stupuerunt parentes quibus praecipit ne alicui dicerent
quod factum erat\) & wundradon vel gestyldon 
aldro +d+am bebead +t+atte ne +anigum hia gecoedon
+t+atte aworden w+as.
<P 95>
<R 9.1>
(\Conuocatis autem duodecim apostolis dedit illis uirtutem et
potestatem super omnia daemonia et ut 
languores curarent\) mi+d+dy geceiged woeron uutedlice tuoelfo
+da apostolas salde +d+am m+agn & m+aht ofer
alle diowlas & +t+atte +da untrymigo gelecnades.
<R 9.2>
(\et misit illos praedicare regnum dei et sanare infirmos\) &
sende hia bodia vel to bodianne ric godes 
& h+ala +da unstronga.
<R 9.3>
(\Et ait ad illos nihil tuleritis in uia neque uirgam neque
peram neque panem neque pecuniam neque duas 
tunicas habeatis\) & cuoe+d to +d+am noht gie nime on
woege ne gerd ne pocca vel posa ne hlaf ne feh 
ne tuoege cyrtlas habas gie.
<R 9.4>
(\et in quamcumque domum intraueritis ibi manete et inde ne
exeatis\) & in suahuelcum hus gie inngae 
+der wuna+d & +dona ne f+ares gie.
<R 9.5>
(\Et quicumque non receperint uos exeuntes de ciuitate illa
etiam puluerem peduum uestrorum excutite
in testimonium supra illos\) & se+de suahua ne onfoe+d iuh
f+ara+d from ceastra +da ilca f+astlice +t+at asca 
fota iura asceacca+d on cy+dnise onufa +d+am ilcom.
<R 9.6>
(\Egressi autem circumibant per castella euangelizantes et
curantes ubique\) foerdon +donne ymbeadon +derh 
+da ceastra bodande & lecnande eghuer.
<R 9.7>
(\Audiuit autem herodes tetrarcha omnia quae fiebant ab eo et
haesitabat eo quod diceretur a quibusdam 
quia iohannes surrexit a mortuis\) geherde +da se cynig
alle +da +de weron aworden from him & tuiade 
for+don w+as acuoeden from summum +t+atte iohannes aras from
deadum.
<R 9.8>
(\a quibusdam uero quia helias apparuit ab aliis autem quia
propheta unus de antiquis surrexit\) from
summum +ac for+don vel +t+atte helias +adeaude from o+drum
+donne +t+atte se witg+a an from witgum aras.
<R 9.9>
(\et ait herodes iohannem ego decollaui quis autem est iste
de quo audio ego talia et querebat uidere 
eum\) & cuoe+d se cynig ic ofcearf huelc +donne is +des of
+d+am gehero ic +duslico & sohte to geseanne
hine.
<R 9.10>
(\Et reuersi apostoli narrauerunt illi quaecumque fecerunt et
assumtis illis secessit seorsum in locum 
desertum qui est bethsaida\) & eftcerdon +da +degnas
s+agdon him +da+de sua hu+ad hia dydon & mi+d+dy onfenge 
woeron hia foerde syndria on woestigum stou se+de is
+d+at burug.
<R 9.11>
(\quod cum cognouissent turb+e secutae sunt illum et excepit
illos et loquebatur illis de regno dei 
et eos qui cura indigebant sanabat\) +t+atte mi+d+dy ongeton
+da menigo gefylgendo woeron hine & genom hia 
& spr+acc him of ric godes & +dailco +da+de gemnise
behofadon geh+alde.
<P 97>
<R 9.12>
(\Dies autem coeperat declinare et accedentes duodecim
dixerunt illi dimitte turbas ut euntes in castella 
uillasque quae circa sunt deuertant et inueniant escas
quia hic in loco deserto sumus\) se d+ag
+da ongann gefara vel gebege & geneolecdon +da tuoelfo
cuoedon him forlet +da hergas +t+atte geeadon in
+da ceastra & londo +da+de ymb sint ofcerdon +d+atte hia
gemoeton metto for+don her in stowe woestig woe
sindon.
<R 9.13>
(\ait autem ad illos uos date illis manducare at illi dixerunt
non sunt nobis plus quam quinque panes 
et duos pisces nisi forte nos eamus et emamus in omnem hanc
turbam esces\) cuoe+d +da to +d+am gie sealla+d 
+d+am eatta so+d hia cuoedon ne sint us mara +don fif
hlafo & tuoege fiscas buta woenunga us we gef+ara 
& we gebygce on alle +diosne here metto.
<R 9.14>
(\erant autem fere uiri quinque milia ait autem ad discipulos
suos facite illos discumbere per conuiuia 
quinquagenos\) woeron +donne ic woeno w+aras fif +dusendo
cuoe+d +donne to +degnum his doa+d +d+am to d+alum 
vel +derh gebearscipo fif [{hundra+d{] vel.
<R 9.15>
(\et ita fecerunt et discumbere fecerunt omnes\) & sua dedon &
tod+alnisse vel dydon alle.
<R 9.16>
(\acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit
in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit 
et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas\)
onfengo woeron uutedlice fif hlafum & tu+am fiscum 
eftlocade on heofne & gebloedsade him & gebr+acc &
tod+alde +degnum his +t+atte hia gesete fore +d+am hergum.
<R 9.17>
(\et manducauerunt omnes et saturati sunt et sublatum est
quod superfuit illis fragmentorum cophinos 
duodecim\) & eton alle & gefylde woeron & genumen w+as
+t+atte gehlaefde +d+am scraedungra ceaolas tuoelfo.
<R 9.18>
(\Et factum est cum solus esset orans erant cum illo et
discipuli et interrogauit illos dicens quem 
me dicunt esse turbae\) & aworden w+as mi+d+dy ana woere
gebiddenda woeron mi+d hine aec +da +degnas & gefr+agn 
+dailco cuoe+dende hu+alcne mec cuoe+das +t+at ic se
+das hergas.
<R 9.19>
(\at illi responderunt et dixerunt iohannem baptistam alii
autem heliam alii quia propheta unus de prioribus 
surrexit\) so+d hia ondsuaredon & cuoedon iohannem
o+dero uutedlice o+dero +t+atte witga an of +d+am 
+arrum aras.
<R 9.20>
(\dixit autem illis uos autem quem me esse dicitis respondens
simon petrus dixit christum dei\) cuoe+d 
+da +d+am gie +donne huelcne mec +t+atte ic se cuoa+das
geondsuarede cuoe+d gecoren godes.
<R 9.21>
(\At ille increpans illos praecipit ne cui dicerent hoc\)
so+dlice he ge+dreade hia bebead +t+atte ne +anigum 
gecuoedon +dis.
<P 99>
<R 9.22>
(\dicens quia oportet filium hominis multa pati et reprobari
a senioribus et principibus sacerdotum
et scribis et occidi et tertia die resurgere\) cuoe+d +t+atte
arise+d sunu monnes feolo vel micelo ge+dolia 
vel ge+drowia & forcumman from +eldum vel from +d+am
+aldestum & aldormonnum sacerda & u+dwutum & ofslaa 
vel +t+atte se ofsl+agen & +de +dirddan +d+ag arisa.
<R 9.23>
(\Dicebat autem ad omnes si quis uult post me uenire abneget
seipsum et tollat crucem suam cotidie et 
sequatur me\) cuoe+d he +da to allu gif hua wile +after mec
gecyme ons+acca+d him seolfum & l+ada+d +drowung 
his d+age gehu+amlice & fylge+d mec vel soece mec.
<R 9.24>
(\qui enim uoluerit animam suam saluam facere perdet illam nam
qui perdiderit animam suam propter me
saluam faciet illam\) se+de for+don w+alle sauel his hal
gewyrca losa+d +dailca for+don se+de losa+d sawel 
his fore mec hal doa+d +dailca.
<R 9.25>
(\quid enim proficit homo si lucretur uniuersum mundum se
autem ipsum perdat et detrimentum sui faciat\) 
hu+ad for+don forstonda+d monn gif he strione+d allne
middangeard hine +donne seolfne losa+d & losuist
his gewyrca+d.
<R 9.26>
(\Nam qui me erubuerit et meos sermones hunc filius hominis
erubescit cum uenerit in maiestate sua et 
patris et sanctorum angelorum\) for+don se+de mec
gesceomiga+d & mino wordo +diosne sunu monnes gesceomia+d 
mi+d+dy cyme+d in +drymm his & fadores & haligra engla.
<R 9.27>
(\Dico autem uobis uere sunt aliqui hic stantes qui non
gustabunt mortem donec uideant regnum dei\) ic 
cuoe+do uutedlice iuh so+dlice sint sume o+dera her stonda+d
+da+de ne geberge+d +done dea+d o+d+dd+at gesea+d
ric godes.
<R 9.28>
(\factum est autem post haec uerba fere dies octo et assumsit
petrum et iacobum et iohannem et ascendit 
in montem ut oraret\) aworden w+as +da +after +dasum
wordum ic woeno dagas +ahto & genom & & & astag 
on more +t+atte gebede.
<R 9.29>
(\et factum est dum oraret species uultus eius altera et
uestitus eius albus refulgens\) & aworden w+as 
mi+d+dy geb+ad m+agwlit onsione his o+doro & gewoedo his huit
swi+de gescean.
<R 9.30>
(\et ecce duo uiri loquebantur cum illo erant autem moses et
helias\) & heono tuoege w+aras gesprecon 
mi+d hine woeron uutedlice &.
<R 9.31>
(\uisi in maiestate et dicebant excessum eius quen completurus
erat in hierusalem\) woeron gesene in
+drymm & cuoedon +t+at tof+ar vel his +done scealde gefylled
wosa vel w+as in hierusalem.
<P 101>
<R 9.32>
(\petrus uero et qui cum illo grauati erant somno et
euigilantes uiderunt maiestatem eius et duos uiros 
qui stabant cum illo\) +ac & +da+de mi+d hine gehefigad
woeron from slepe & aw+ahton gesegon +drymm his 
& tuoege w+aras +da+de stodon mi+d him.
<R 9.33>
(\et factum est dum discederent ab illo ait petrus ad iesum
praeceptor bonum est nos hic esse et faciamus 
tria tabernacula unum tibi et unum mosi et unum heliae
nesciens quid diceret\) & aworden w+as mi+d+dy 
foerdon from him cuoe+d to +d+am h+alende la bodare god
is us her to wosanne & wyrca we +drea hus an 
+de & an & an ne wiste hu+ad gecuoe+de.
<R 9.34>
(\haec autem illo loquente facta est nubis et obumbrauit eos
et timuerunt intrantibus illis in nubem\) 
+das +da hine sprecende aworden w+as wolcen & oferbr+adde
hia & ondreardon geongendum him in +t+at wolcen.
<R 9.35>
(\et uox facta est de nube dicens hic est filius meus dilectus
ipsum audite\) & stefn aworden w+as of 
+d+am wolcne cuoe+dende +des is sunu min leofa hine vel +dene
gehera+d.
<R 9.36>
(\et dum fieret uox inuentus est iesus solus et ipsi
tacuerunt et nemini dixerunt in illis diebus quicquam 
ex his quae uiderant\) & mi+d+dy w+as se stefn
gemoetad w+as se h+alend he ana & hia suigdon & ne
+anigum gecuoedon in +d+am dagum +aniht of +d+am +da+de
gesegon.
<R 9.37>
(\Factum est autem in sequenti die descendentibus illis de
monte occurrit illi turba multa\) geworden 
w+as +donne on +d+am +afterra doege ofdune astigendum +d+am
of +d+am more arn togaegnes him here micelo.
<R 9.38>
(\et ecce uir de turba exclamauit dicens magister obsecro te
respice in filium meum quia unicus est 
mihi\) & heono woer of +d+am here gecliopade cuoe+d la laruu
ic biddo +dec bes+ah on sunu minum for+don ancende is me.
<R 9.39>
(\et ecce spiritus appraehendit illum et subito clamat et
elidit et dissipat eum cum spuma et uix discedit 
dilanians eum\) & heono gast gegrippde hine & ferlice
clioppia+d & bites & fordoa+d hine mi+d fam+a 
& ned vel hefia fearras toslite+d hine.
<R 9.40>
(\et rogaui discipulos tuos et eicerent illum et non
potuerunt\) & ic baedd +degnas +dine & awurpon hine 
& ne m+ahton.
<R 9.41>
(\respondens autem iesus dixit o generatio infidelis et
peruersa usque quo ero apud uos et patiar uos 
adduc filium tuum\) ondsuarede +donne se h+alend cuoe+d la
cneoreso ungeleafull & wohfull hu longe ic
biom mi+d iuh & ic +dola iuih tol+ad sunu +dinne.
<P 103>
<R 9.42>
(\et cum accederet elisit illum daemonium et dissipauit et
increpauit iesus spiritum inmundum et sanauit 
puerum et reddidit illum patri eius\) & mi+d+dy
geneolecde agroette hine se diowl & losade vel & 
ge+dreade se h+alend +done gast uncl+anne & geh+alde +done
cn+aht & ag+af hine feder his.
<R 9.43>
(\Stupebant autem omnes in magnitudine dei omnibus quae
mirantibus in omnibus quae faciebat dixit ad 
discipulos suos\) gewundradon so+dlice alle on sui+de
micelnisse godes allum +da ilco undrandu on allum
+da+de he dyde cuoe+d to +degnum his.
<R 9.44>
(\ponite uos in cordibus uestris sermones istos filius enim
hominis futurus est ut tradatur in manus
hominum\) settes gie in heortum iurum wordo +das sunu for+don
monnes towaerd is +t+atte gesald bi+d in hond monna.
<R 9.45>
(\at illi ignorabant uerbum istud et erat uelatum ante eos ut
non sentirent illud et timebant interrogare 
eum de hoc uerbo\) so+d hia ne oncneaun word +dis & w+as
awrigen fore hia +t+atte ne +dohton +t+at & ondreardon 
to fr+agnanne hine ofer +dis word.
<R 9.46>
(\Intrauit autem cogitatio in eos quis eorum maior esset\)
ineode uutedlice smeaung in him hu+alc hiora mara were.
<R 9.47>
(\at iesus uidens cogitationes cordis illorum adprehendens
puerum statuit eum secus se\) +da se h+alend 
gesaeh smeaungas heartes hiora gelahte cn+aht sette hine neh
him.
<R 9.48>
(\et ait illis quicumque susceperit puerum istum in nomine
meo me recipit et quicumque me recipit recipit 
eum qui me misit nam qui minor est inter omnes uos hic
maior est\) & cuoe+d +d+am ilcom +degnum se+de 
sua chu+alc onfo+a+d cn+ahte +dissum on noma minum mec
onfoa+d & se+de sua hua mec onfoa+d onfoa+d +done 
ilca se+de mec sende for+don se+de leasan is bituih allum iuh
+des maasta is.
<R 9.49>
(\Respondens autem iohannes dixit praeceptor uidimus quaendam
in nomine tuo eicientem daemonia et prohibuimus 
eum quia non sequitur nobiscum\) ondsuarede iohannes
cuoe+d la h+asere woe gesegon [{sumne{] o+der 
in noma +dinum aworpende +da dioblas & we forbudon him
for+dan ne fylges usig mi+d.
<R 9.50>
(\et ait ad illum iesus nolite prohibere qui enim non est
aduersus uos pro uobis est\) & cuoe+d to him
se h+alend nalla+d gie forbead+a se+de for+don ne is wi+d iuih
fore iuih is.
<R 9.51>
(\Factum est autem dum complerentur dies assumtionis eius et
ipse faciem suam firmauit ut iret hierusalem\) 
aworden w+as +da mi+d+dy gefylled woeron dagas
ondfenges vel geliornises his & he onsione his getrumade 
+t+atte foerde hierusalem.
<P 105>
<R 9.52>
(\et misit nuntios ante conspectum suum et euntes intrauerunt
in ciuitatem samaritanorum ut pararent
illi\) & sende erendureca fore gesig+de his & mi+d+dy foerdon
ineadon in +da ceastr+a +dara lioda +t+atte foregearuadon him.
<R 9.53>
(\et non receperunt eum quia facies eius erat euntis
hierusalem\) & ne ondfengon hine for+don onsione 
his w+as f+arendes hierusalem.
<R 9.54>
(\cum uidissent discipuli eius iacobus et iohannes dixerunt
domine uis dicimus ut ignis descendat de
caelo et consumat illos\) mi+d+dy gesegon +degnas his &
cuoedon drihten wilt +du +t+atte we coe+da +t+atte fyr 
ofduna astige of heofnum & fornime hia.
<R 9.55>
(\et conuersus increpauit illos\) & ymbw+alde ge+dreade +da
ilco vel hia.
<R 9.56>
(\et abierunt in aliud castellum\) & foerdon in o+derum woerc.
<R 9.57>
(\Factum est autem ambulantibus illis in uia dixit quidam ad
illum sequar te quocumque ieris\) aworden 
w+as +donne geongendum him on woeg cuoe+d sum o+der to him
ic fylgo +dec su+ahuiddir +du f+are.
<R 9.58>
(\et ait illi iesus uulpes foueas habent et uolucres caeli
nidos filius autem hominis non habet ubi 
caput reclinet\) & cuoe+d him se h+alend foxas holas habba+d &
flegendo heofnes nesto habba+d sunu uutedlice 
monnes ne h+afe+d +der vel huer heafud gebega.
<R 9.59>
(\Ait autem ad alterum sequere me ille autem dixit domine
permitte mihi primum ire et sepelire patrem 
meum\) cuoe+d +da to o+drum soec vel fylg mec he +da coe+d
drihten forgef vel gelef me +arist geonga & +t+at 
ic byrga f+ader min.
<R 9.60>
(\dixitque iesus sine ut mortui sepeliant mortuos suos tu
autem uade annuntia regnum dei\) & cuoe+d se
h+alend forlet +t+atte +da deado bebyrga+d deado hiora +du
uutedlice gaa saeg ric godes.
<R 9.61>
(\et ait alter sequar te domine sed primum permitte mihi
renuntiare his qui domi sunt\) & cuoe+d o+der
ic fylgo +dec drihten ah +arist gelef me efts+acga +d+am
+da+de +ad ham sint.
<P 107>
<R 9.62>
(\ait ad illum iesus nemo mittens manum suam in aratrum et
aspiciens retro aptus est regno dei\) cuoe+d 
to him se h+alend ne +anig sende hond his on sulh &
behaldas on b+acg gecoren is to ric godes.



<B CORUSHW>
<Q O3 XX NEWT RUSHW>
<N NEW TEST RUSHW>
<A FARMAN>
<C O3>
<O 950-1050>
<M 950-1050>
<K SAME>
<D AM>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G GLOSS>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  RUSHWORTH GOSPELS.
THE HOLY GOSPELS IN ANGLO-SAXON,
NORTHUMBRIAN, AND OLD MERCIAN VERSIONS.
ED. W. W. SKEAT.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1871-1887.
MATTHEW I.1 - XVI.28, PP. 25.4 - 139.35^]

[^C8.2.1^]
<P 25>
<R 1>
(\incipit euangelium secundum matheum\) her onginne+t
godspell to cy+tenne +after matheus tosagan.
<R 1.1>
(\liber generationis iesu christi filii david filii abraham\)
boec sindun +tare kennisse h+alendes kristes 
daui+des sunu +d+as abrahames sune.
<R 1.2>
(\abraham autem genuit isac isac autem genuit iacob iacob
autem genuit iudam et fratres eius\) so+dlice 
kende & blo+tr+a his.
<R 1.3>
(\iudas autem genuit fares et zaram de thamar fares autem
genuit esrom esrom autem genuit aram\) of +damar.
<R 1.5>
(\salmon autem booz de racab boz autem genuit obed ex ruth
obed autem genuit iesse\) of rachab of ru+d.
<R 1.6>
(\iesse autem genuit dauid regem dauid autem rex genuit
solamonem ex ea quae fuit uriae\) +tone cyning of 
+t+are +te urias ahte.
<P 27>
<R 1.11>
(\iosias autem genuit ioconiam et fratres eius in
transmigratione babilonis\) & broe+tre his in babilonia f+are.
<R 1.12>
(\et post transmigratione babilonis iechonias autem genuit
salathiel salathiel autem genuit zorbabiel\) 
& +after babilonia f+are.
<R 1.16>
(\iacob autem genuit ioseph uirum mari+a de qua natus est
iesus qui uocatur christus\) kende iosepe maria 
w+ar of +t+are akenned w+as h+alend se+te is nemned
krist.
<R 1.17>
(\omnes igitur generationes ab abraham usque ad dauid
generationes sunt xiiii et ad dauid usque ad 
transmigrationem babilonis generationes sunt xiiii et ad
transmigratione babilonis usque ad christum 
generationes sunt xiii\) ealra cu+tlice kneorissum from
abrahame o+t to dauide feowertene kneorisse
sint and from daui+de o+t+te to f+arennisse babylonie
feowertene kneo sint & from f+arennisse babilonie 
o+t+te to kriste kneorisse sint feowertene.
<R 1.18>
(\Christi autem generatio sic erat cum esset disponsata mater
eius maria ioseph antequam conuenirent 
inuenta est in utero habens de [{spiritu{] sancto\) kristes
so+tlice kennisse +tus w+as +ta +te hio w+as bewedded 
vel befest vel in sceat alegd his moder maria iosefae
+ar+ton hiae tosomne cwoman hio w+as gemoeted 
in hire inno+te h+abbende of +t+am halgan gaste.
<P 29>
<R 1.19>
(\Ioseph autem uir eis cum esset homo iustus et nolet eam
traducere uoluit occulte demitere eam\) Ioseph 
so+tlice hire wer swa he w+as monn so+tf+ast & ne walde
hie wolde degullice forleten hio.
<R 1.20>
(\haec autem eo cogitante ecce angelus domini 
apparuit ei in somnis dicens ioseph filii dauid 
noli timere accipere mariam coniugem tuam quod enim in ea
natum est de spiritu sancto est\) vel
+tis so+tlice he +tohte +dendi he +ta +t+at +tohte henu engel
drihtnes +ateawde him in slepe cwe+tende iosep
sunu daui+tes ne ondred +tu +te onfoh vel onfoi+a maria wife
+tinum +t+atte so+tlice in hire akenned is of
+t+am halgan gaste is.
<R 1.21>
(\pariet autem filium et uocabis nomen eius iesum ipse enim
saluum faciet populum suum a pecatis eorum\) 
hio kenne+t vel bere+t so+tlice sunu & +tu nemnest his
noma h+alend he selfe so+tlice he geh+ale+t folc 
his from hiora synnum.
<R 1.22>
(\hoc autem totum factum est ut adinpleretur quod dictum est
a domino per essaiam prophetam dicentem\) 
+tas so+tlice eall geworden is vel w+as +t+atte gefylled
w+are +t+at acweden is vel w+as from drihtne +turh 
esaiam +te witgu cwe+tende.
<R 1.23>
(\ecce uirgo in utero habebit et pariet filium et uocabunt
nomen eius emanel quod est interpraetatum 
nobiscum deus\) henu vel her is vel sih+te f+amne in
inno+te vel in hrife h+af+d & bere+t vel kenne+t sunu 
& hie nemna+t noma his +t+at is gereht god mid usic.
<R 1.24>
(\exsurgens autem ioseph a somno fecit sicut praecipit ei
angelus domini et accipit coniugem suam\) 
+ta arisende so+tlice from slepe dyde swa him bebead se engel
dryhtnes & feng wiue his.
<R 1.25>
(\et non cognoscebat eam donec peperit filium suum
primogenitum et uocauit nomen eius iesum\) & ne groette 
hire o+t +t+at hit geb+ar sunu his +tone frumkendu &
nemde noma his h+alend.
<R 2.1>
(\Cum ergo natus esset iesus in bethlem iudae in diebus
erodis regis ecce magi ab oriente uenerunt 
in hierusolimam\) +ta so+tlice akenned w+as h+alend iudeana in
dagum erodes +t+as kyninges henu tungulkr+aftgu 
eastan quomon to hierosolimam.
<P 31>
<R 2.2>
(\dicentes ubi est qui natus est rex iudeorum uidimus enim
stellam eius in oriente et uenimus adorare 
eum\) cwe+tende hw+ar is se+te akenned is kining iudeana we
gesegon so+tlice steorra his in eastd+ale 
& cuomon to gebiddenne to him.
<R 2.3>
(\audiens autem herodis rex turbatus est et omnis hierusolima
cum eo\) +t+at +ta geherde so+tlice herodes 
king w+as gedroefed in mode & ealle hierosolima mid hine.
<R 2.4>
(\et congregans omnes principes sacerdotum et scribas populi
sciscitabatur ab eis ubi christus nasceretur\) 
& gesomnade ealle aldursacerdos & bokeras +t+as
folkes ahsade from heom hw+ar krist w+are akenned.
<R 2.5>
(\At illi dixerunt in bethlem iudae sic enim scriptum est per
profetam dicentem\) hi+e +ta cw+adon in bethlem 
iudeana swa so+tlice awriten is +turh witgu cw+a+tende.
<R 2.6>
(\et tu bethlem terra iuda nequaquam minima es in principibus
iuda ex te enim exeat dux qui regat populum 
meum israhel\) & +tu eor+du n+anig +tinga l+as+ast eart
in aldurmonnum iuda of +te so+tlice g+a+t latteuw 
se+te r+accet folc min israh+al.
<R 2.7>
(\Tunc herodis clam uocatis magis diligenter dedicit ab eis
tempus quae apparuit eis stellae\) 
+ta herodes dernunga ac+agde tungulkr+aftgum & georne
geliornade +at him +ta tid +t+as +ateawde him steorra.
<R 2.8>
(\et mittens eos in bethlem dixit ite interrogate diligenter
de puero et cum inueneretis eum renuntiate 
mihi ut et ego ueniens adorem eum\) & sendende heom to
bethlem cw+a+t g+a+t & ahsia+d georne bi +dem cn+ehte 
& +tanne ge gemoete+t hire s+acga+d eft me +t+at ic
swilce cymende gebidde to him.
<R 2.9>
(\qui cum audissent regem abierunt et ecce stella quam
uiderant in oriente antecedebat eos usque dum 
ueniens staret supra ubi erat puer\) +ta hie +ta geherdon
+d+as kyninges word eodun +tonan & henu vel sih+te 
+te steorra +te hiae +ar ges+agon in eastd+ale foreeade
hi+a o+t+t+atti he cumende gestod bufan +d+ar se cneht w+as.
<R 2.10>
(\uidentes autem stellam gauissi sunt gaudio magno ualde\)
hie gesce+ande so+tlice steorran gefegon gefea miccle swi+te.
<R 2.11>
(\et intrantes domum inuenerunt puerum cum maria matre eius
et procedentes adorauerunt eum et apertis 
thesauris suis obtulerunt ei munera aurum tus et mirram\) &
ingangende +t+at hus gemoettun +tone cneht 
mid maria moder his & for+tfallende gebedun to him &
ontynden heora goldhord brohtun him lac gold
recils & murra +t+at is smerennis.
<P 33>
<R 2.12>
(\et responso accepto in somnis ne redirent ad herodem per
aliam uiam reuersi sunt in suam regionem\) 
& andwyrde vel andsuari onfengon in slepe +t+at hi+a ne
cerdun to herode +turh o+ter wege gewendun to heora londe.
<R 2.13>
(\qui cum regressisent ecce angelus domini apparuit in somnis
ioseph dicens surge et accipe puerum 
et matrem eius et fuge in aegiptum et esto ibi usque dum dicam
tibi futurum est enim ut herodis querat 
puerum ad perdendum eum\) +ta hie weron gewiten+a henu
engel drihtnes +ateawde in swefne iosep cwe+tende 
aris & genim +tone cneht & his moder & fleoh in +agypti &
w+as +t+ar o+t+t+at ic s+acge +de for+ton +de toward 
is so+tlice +t+atte herodes soeca+t +tone cneht to
ofsl+aanne hine.
<R 2.14>
(\qui consurgens accipit puerum et matrem nocte et secessit
in aegyptum\) he arisende genom +tone cneht 
& his moder on niht & gewat in +agypti.
<R 2.15>
(\et erat ibi usque ad obitum herodis ut adinpleretur quod
dictum est a domino per profetam dicentem 
ex aegypto uocaui filium meum\) & w+as +t+ar o+t herodes
dead +t+atte gefylled w+are +t+atte acweden w+as from 
drihtne +turh witgu cwe+tende of +agypto ic ac+agde minum
sun+a.
<R 2.16>
(\tunc herodis uidens quoniam inlussus esset a magis iratus
est ualde et mittens occidit omnes pueros 
qui erant in bethlem et in omnibus regionibus vel finibus
eius a bimatu et infra secundum tempus
quod exquisierat a magis\) +ta herodes geseah +t+at he w+as
aw+aged from +t+am tungulkr+aftgum he w+as swi+de
eorre & sendende ofslog ealle +ta cnehtas +ta +te werun in
bethlem & in allum heora gemoerum from tw+am 
wintrum & beniu+ta +after +t+are tide +te he +ar asohte from
+t+am tungulkreftgum.
<R 2.17>
(\tunc adinpletum est quod dictum erat per hirimiam profetam
dicentem\) +ta w+as gefylled +t+atte cweden
w+as +turh hieremiam +tone witgu cwe+tende.
<R 2.18>
(\uox in rama audita est ploratus et ululatus multus rachel
plorans filios suos et noluit consulari
quia non sunt\) stefn in heanisse gehered w+ass wop & heaf
micel rachel wepende hire bearn & ne walde 
beon afroefred for+ton +te hie ne sendun.
<R 2.19>
(\defuncto autem herode ecce angelus domini apparuit in
somnis ioseph in aegypto\) +ta herodes w+as so+tlice 
dead henu drihtnes engel +ateaude in slepe iosep in
+agypto.
<P 35>
<R 2.20>
(\dicens surge et accipe puerum et matrem eius et uade in
terram israhel defuncti sunt enim qui querebant 
animam pueri\) cwe+tende aris & genim +tone cneht & his
moder & f+ar to israheles eor+tu for+ton +te 
dea+de sindun so+tlice +te +te sohtun ferh +tas cnehtes.
<R 2.21>
(\exsurgens autem ioseph accipit puerum et matrem eius et
uenit in terram israhel\) he arisende so+tlice 
iosep genom +tone cneht & his moder & cuom in israheles
eor+tu.
<R 2.22>
(\audiens autem quod archilaus regnaret in iudea pro herode
patre suo timuit illuc ire et admonitus
in somnis secessit in partes galileae\) & geherdun so+tlice
+t+atte archelaus ricsade in iudea for herodem 
his f+ader ne durste +tider gangan vel f+aran & gemynga
in slepe gecerde in galilea d+ale.
<R 2.23>
(\et ueniens et habitauit in ciuitate quae uocatur nazareth
ut adinpleretur quod dictum est per profetas 
quoniam nazareus uocabitur\) & cumende & eardade in
+t+are c+astre +de hatte nazare+t +t+atte gefylled 
w+are +t+at acweden w+as +turh witgu +t+atte he bi+d
nazarenisc nemned.
<R 3.1>
(\In illis autem diebus uenit iohannis baptista praedicans in
deserto iudeae\) In +t+am so+tlice dagum cuom iohannes 
se bezera bodende in iudea woestenne.
<R 3.2>
(\et dicens penitentiam agite adpropinquauit enim regnum
caelorum\) & cwe+tende doe+t hreunisse for+ton
+te neolice+t so+tlice heofuna rice.
<R 3.3>
(\Hic est enim qui dictus est per esaiam profetam dicentem
uox clamantis in deserto parate uiam domini 
rectas facite semitas eius\) +tis his so+tlice se+te
cweden w+as +turh esaiam witgu cwe+tende stemn cegende 
in westinne gearwiga+d drihtnes w+ag wirca+t rihte his
stigas.
<R 3.4>
(\Ipse autem iohannis habebat uestimentum de pillis
camillorum et zonam pelliciam circa lumbos suos
esca autem eius erat locustae et mel siluestrae\) sylf +tanne
h+afde hr+agl of olbendena herum & fellen 
gyrdels ymb his lendu his mete +tanne w+as gr+ashoppa &
wudehuniges.
<R 3.5>
(\tunc exiebat ad eum hierusolima et omnis iudea et omnis
regio circa iordanen\) +ta eode ut to him hierosolima 
& ealle iudea & eall +t+at lond ymb iordane.
<R 3.6>
(\confitentes peccata sua\) [{werun{] depte in [{iordane{]
from him ondentende heora synne.
<P 37>
<R 3.7>
(\Uidens autem multas fariseorum et saduceorum uenientes ad
baptismum suum dixit eis progenies uiperarum 
quis demonstrauit uobis fugere ab ira futura\) he +ta
ges+ah +tonne monige farisea & saducea cumende 
to his fulluihte cw+a+t to him ge nedrana cynn hwa
getaht+a eow +t+at ge flugan from +t+am towardan eorre.
<R 3.8>
(\facite ergo dignum fructum penitenti+a\) wyrce+t so+tlice
wyr+te westem hreunisse.
<R 3.9>
(\et ne uellitis dicere inter uos patrem habemus abraham dico
enim uobis quia potest deus de lapidibus 
istis suscitare filios abrahae\) & ne wella+d cwe+tan
betweon eow vel in innan eow f+ader we habba+t
abraham so+t ic eow s+acge for+ton +t+at m+ag god of +tissum
stanum aw+accan bearn abrahame.
<R 3.10>
(\iam enim securis ad radices arborum possita est omnis arbor
quae non facit fructum bonum excidetur 
et in ignem mittetur\) +tenu is so+tlice axe to wyrtruma
treowes aseted his +aghwilc treow +tara +te ne
bere+t godne woestim bi+d acorfen & in fyre sended.
<R 3.11>
(\Ego quidem babtiszo uos in aqua in penitentiam qui autem
uenturus est fortior me est cuius non sum 
dignus calciamenta portare ipse uos baptizabit in spiritu
sancto et igni\) ic eowic depu vel dyppe
in w+attre in hreunisse se+te +tonne +after me cyme+d se is
me str+angra +t+at ic n+am wyr+te scoas to beranne 
se eowic depi+d vel dyppe+t in +d+am halgan gaste & fyre.
<R 3.12>
(\Cuius uentilabrum in manu sua et permundabit aream suam et
congregabit triticum suum in orreum paleas 
autem comburet igni inextinguibili\) +t+as windiuscoful
in his honda & +turhcl+ansa+t his b+areflor &
gesomna+t his hw+ate in berern +ta ceaf +tone forb+arne+t fyre
unaduescendlice.
<R 3.13>
(\Tunc uenit iesus a galilea in iordanen ad iohannem ut
baptizaretur ab eo\) +ta cuom from galilea in
iordane to iohanne +t+atte he w+are depid from him.
<R 3.14>
(\prohibebat autem eum iohannis dicens ego a te debeo
baptizari et tu uenis ad me\) iohannes +tonne werede 
him cwe+tende ic sceal from +te beon vel wesa deped vel
fullwihted & +du cymest to me.
<P 39>
<R 3.15>
(\respondens autem iesus dixit ei sine modo sic enim decet
nos omnem inplere iustitiam tunc dimissit 
eum\) +ta ondswarende se h+alend cw+a+t to him let +tus nu
for+don +de +tus we sculon gefyllan +aghwilce so+tf+astnisse 
+ta forlet hine he.
<R 3.16>
(\baptizatus est autem iesus confestim ascendit de aqua et
ecce aperti sunt ei caeli et uidit spiritum 
dei discendentem sicut columbam uenientem super se\) +ta
gedeped se h+alend hr+a+te astag of +t+am w+attre 
& henu him weron ontynde heofunas & he ges+ag godes gast
ni+terstigendne swa culfre cumende ofer hine.
<R 3.17>
(\et ecce uox de caelis dicens hic est filius meus dilectus
in quo mihi conplacui\) & henu stemn of 
heofune cwe+tende +tis is min sune se leofa in +d+am me
gelicade.
<R 4.1>
(\Tunc iesus ductus est in desertum a spiritu ut temptaretur
a diabulo\) +ta w+as h+alend l+aded in woestenne 
from gaste +t+at he w+are costad from deofle.
<R 4.2>
(\Et cum ieiunasset xlta diebus et xlta noctibus post ea
esuriit\) & +ta he f+ast+a feowertig daga & feowertig 
n+ahta +after +ton hine hyngrade.
<R 4.3>
(\et accedens ad eum temptator dixit ei si filius dei es dic
ut lapides isti panes fiant\) & geneleccende 
to him se costere cw+a+t to him gif +tu godes sunu si+a
gecw+a+t +t+at +tas stanes hlafes beon vel gew+ar+te.
<R 4.4>
(\qui respondens dixit scriptum est non in pane solo uiuit
homo sed in omni uerbo quod procedit de 
ore dei\) se ondswarande cw+a+t awriten is nalles in hlafe anum
lifga+t menn ah in +aghwelcicum worde +t+am 
+te for+t gae+t of godes mu+de.
<R 4.5>
(\tunc adsumpsit eum zabulus in sanctam ciuitatem et statuit
eum supra pinnaculum templi\) +ta genom 
hine +t+at deoful in +ta halgan c+astre & sette hine on heh
stowe temples.
<R 4.6>
(\et dixit ei si filius dei es mitte te deorsum scriptum est
enim quia angelis suis mandauit de te 
ut custodiant te in omnibus uis tuis et in manibus tollent te
ne forte offendas ad lapidem pedem tuum\) 
& cw+a+t to him gif +tu sie godes sunu send +tec ni+ter
for+ton gewriten is +t+at he his englum bebeode+t 
be +te +t+atte he +te gehalden in allum weogas +tine & hie
hondum ahebba+t +tec +tyles +du ondspurne +at stane 
+tinum fotum.
<P 41>
<R 4.7>
(\ait illi iesus rursum scriptum est enim non temptabis
dominum deum tuum\) cw+a+t iesus to him +aft awriten 
is so+tlice ne costa +tu dryhtnes +tines godes.
<R 4.8>
(\iterum adsumpsit eum zabulus in montem excelsum ualde et
ostendit ei omnia regna mundi et gloriam
eorum\) +aft genom hine +t+at deaful on +tune heh swi+te &
+ateawde him eall us rice middangeardes & wuldor +tara.
<R 4.9>
(\et dixit illi haec omnia tibi dabo si cadens adoraueris
me\) & cw+a+t to him +tas ic +te eall selle gif 
+tu fallende to me gebiddes.
<R 4.10>
(\tunc ait illi iesus uade retro satanas scriptum est enim
dominum deum tuum adorabis et illi soli 
seruies\) +ta cw+a+t to him h+alend ga on b+aclinc +tu
wi+terwearde for+ton awriten is to dryhtne +tinum gode
+du vel to gebidde & him anum +dewige.
<R 4.11>
(\Tunc reliquit eum zabulus et ecce angeli accesserunt et
ministrabant ei\) +ta hine forlet +t+at deoful 
& henu englas cwoman & +d+agnadun him.
<R 4.12>
(\Cum audisset autem iesus quod iohannis traditus esset
secessit in galileam\) +ta he +ta geherd+a +t+at 
iohannes w+as afongen gewat in galilea.
<R 4.13>
(\Et relicta ciuitate nazareth uenit et habitauit in
cafarnauum maritimam in finibus zabulon et neptalim\) 
& forlet nazaret caestrae cwom & geeardade in
cafarnaum s+a caestrae in gemaerum zabulones & nepthales.
<R 4.14>
(\ut adinpleretur quod dictum est per essaiam profectam
dicentem\) +t+atte gefylled w+are +t+at acw+aden w+as 
+turh essaiam +tone witgu cwe+tende.
<R 4.15>
(\terra zabulon et terra neptalim uia maris trans iordanen
galileae gentium\) zabulones eor+du & neptalimes 
eor+te saes weg ofer iordane +tara +teoda galilea.
<R 4.16>
(\populus qui sedebat in tenebris lucem uidit magnam et
sedentibus in regione et umbre mortis lux orta 
est eis\) folc +t+atte s+att in +tiostre geseah micel
leoht & +t+am sittendum in +teode londe & deade scade 
vel scua leht +ateawde upp +t+am.
<R 4.17>
(\Exinde coepit iesus praedicare et dicere penetentiam agite
adpropinquauit enim regnum c+alorum\) seo+d+tan 
ingann l+aran & cwe+tan doa+t hrewnisse for+don +te
neolicet heofuna rice.
<R 4.18>
(\Ambulans autem iesus iuxta mare galileae uidit duos fratres
simonem qui uocabatur petrus et andream 
fratrem eius mittentes retia in mare erant enim
piscatores\) He +ta gangande bi galilea sae ges+ah;
twegen gebro+ter simon +tane +te is nemned petrus & andreas
his bro+ter settende nett in sae for+ton
he hi+e [^SKEAT: +te hi+a^] werun fisceras.
<P 43>
<R 4.19>
(\Et ait iesus illis uenite post me et faciam uos fieri
piscatores hominum\) & +ta cw+a+t to him cuma+t 
+after me & ic gedom +t+at git beo+tan monna fisceres.
<R 4.20>
(\at illi continuo relictis retibus suis secuti sunt eum\) &
hie hr+a+te foletende +t+at nett heora folgedun him.
<R 4.21>
(\Et procedens inde uidit alios duos fratres iacobum zebedei
et iohannem fratrem eius in naui cum zebedeo 
patre eorum reficientes retia sua et uocauit eos\) & he
for+tgangande +tonan ges+agh o+tre twegen
gebro+ter iacob zebedeaes sunu & iohannem his bro+ter in
scipe mid hiora f+ader boetende heora nett &
gec+agde vel cliopade him.
<R 4.22>
(\illi autem statim relictis retibus suis et patre secuti
sunt eum\) & hie +ta sona forletun heora nett 
& f+ader folgadun him.
<R 4.23>
(\Et circumibat iesus totam galileam docens in sinagogis
eorum et praedicans euangelium regni et sanans 
omnem langorem et omnem infirmitatem in populo\) &
h+alend geond eade alle galilea l+arende in heora 
synagogum vel somnungum & bodende godspelles rice & h+alde
+aghwilce adle & +aghwilce untrymnisse in +t+am folce.
<R 4.24>
(\et abit opinnio eius in totam siriam et obtulerunt ei omnes
male habentes uaris langoribus et tormentis 
conpraehensos et qui demonia habebant et lunaticos et
paraliticos et curauit eos\) & eode his
hlisa in alle syria & him brohtun alle yfel h+abende &
missenlicum adlum & tintregum gefongnae & +ta
+te dioful h+afdun & monsekae & loman & he geh+alde +ta.
<R 4.25>
(\et secuti sunt eum turbae multae a galilea et decapuli et
de hierusolimis et de iudea trans iordanen\) 
& him fylgendun monige m+angu of galilea & of decapoli &
of hierosolimis & of iudea & of londe begeonda iordane.
<R 5.1>
(\Uidens autem iesus turbas ascendit in montem et cum
sedisset accesserunt ad eum discipuli eius\) He 
+ta geseende +ta menigu astahg on dune & +ta he w+as gesett
him eodun to his discipuli vel his +t+agnas.
<R 5.2>
(\Et aperuit os suum docebat eos dicens\) & ontynde his mu+t
l+arde hi+a cwe+tende.
<R 5.3>
(\Beati pauperes spiritu quoniam ipsorum est regnum
c+alorum\) eadig +ta +turfende in gaste for+ton heora 
his heofuna rice.
<P 45>
<R 5.5>
(\Beati mites quoniam ipsi possidebunt terram\) +ta milde
for+ton +te hie gesitta+t eor+du.
<R 5.4>
(\Beati qui lugent nunc quoniam ipsi consulabuntur\) de nu
for+ton +te hi+a beo+t afroefrede.
<R 5.6>
(\Beati qui esuriunt et sitiunt iustitiam quoniam ipsi
saturabuntur\) +ta +te hie hyngri+t & +dyrste+t so+df+astnisse 
for+ton +te hie fulle weor+ta+t vel beon.
<R 5.7>
(\Beati missericordes quoniam ipsi misericordiam
consequentur\) +ta mildheortnisse for+don +te hie 
mildheortnisse begeta+t.
<R 5.8>
(\Beati mundo corde quoniam ipsi deum uidebunt\) +ta cl+ane
heortan +te hie god gescawa+d vel geseo+t.
<R 5.9>
(\Beati pacifici quoniam filii dei uocabuntur\) +ta sibsume
vel fri+dsume for+ton +te hie beo+t godes bearn genemde.
<R 5.10>
(\Beati qui persecutionem patiuntur propter iustitiam quoniam
ipsorum est regnum c+alorum\) +ta +te hoehtnisse 
+trowia+t fore so+tf+astnisse for+ton +te heora is
heofuna rice.
<R 5.11>
(\Beati estis cum maledixerint uobis homines et persecuti uos
fuerint et dixerint omne malum aduersum 
uos mentientes propter me\) eadig ge beo+t +tonne eowic
w+arga+t mennisc & eower hehtende beo+tan & cw+a+tan 
+aghwilc yfel wi+d eow ligende for mec.
<R 5.12>
(\gaudete et exsultate quoniam mercis uestra copiosa est in
caelis sic enim persecuti sunt prophetas 
qui fuerunt ante uos\) gefea+t & geblissia+d for+ton lean
vel meard eowra is genihtsuma+d in heofunum 
for+ton +te hi+a swa hoehtende sint witgena +tara +te weron +ar
eow.
<R 5.13>
(\Uos estis sal terrae quod si sal euanuerit in quo sallietur
ad nihelum ualet ultra nisi ut mittatur 
foras et conculcetur ab hominibus\) ge sindun eor+du salt
gif +t+at salt +tonne awerda+d in +t+am +te hit
bi+d salten to nohte m+ag seo+t+tan nym+te +t+at hit sie
worpen ut & tredan from monnum.
<R 5.14>
(\Uos estis lux mundi non potest ciuitas abscondi supra
montem possita\) ge sindun leoht middangeardes 
ne m+ag c+astra beon ahyded on dun aseted.
<R 5.15>
(\neque accendunt lucernam et ponunt eam sub modio sed supra
candillabrum ut luceant omnibus qui in
domu sunt\) ne menn bl+acern in beorna+d & setta+t hine under
mytte ah on candeltreow +t+at he gelihte allum 
+te in husae sindun.
<P 47>
<R 5.16>
(\sic luceat lux uestra coram hominibus ut uideant uestra
bona opera et magnificent patrem uestrum 
qui in caelis est\) sua lihte liht eower fore monnum +t+atte
hiae geseon eower god weorc & wuldrig+a f+ader 
eowrum +de in heofunum is.
<R 5.17>
(\Nolite putare quoniam ueni soluere legem aut profetas non
ueni soluere sed adinplere\) ne wena+t ge
for+ton the ic cuome to brecanne ae vel lare e+t+ta witga ne
cuom ic to breccane ah to gefyllenne.
<R 5.18>
(\Amen dico uobis donec transeat caelum et terra iota unum
uel unus apex non pr+ateribit a lege donec 
omnia fiant\) so+t ic s+acge eow o+t+t+at geleore+t heofun
& eor+te an i e+t+ta an holst+afes ne geliore+t from 
ae +ar+ton all +tus geweor+te.
<R 5.19>
(\Qui ergo soluerit unum de mandatis istis minimis et sic
docuerit homines minimus uocabitur in regno 
c+alorum qui autem fecerit et sic docuerit hic maximus
uocabitur in regno caelorum\) se+te for+ton 
tolese+t an of +tisse beboda l+asest & swa l+are+t menn he
bi+t se l+asesta nemned in heofuna rice se+te +tonne 
wyrce+t & swa l+are+t se bi+d micel nemne+t in heofuna
rice.
<R 5.20>
(\dico enim uobis quia nisi habundauerit iustitia uestra plus
quam scribarum et fariseorum non intrabitis 
in regnum caelorum\) for+ton ic s+acge eow nym+te eower
so+tf+astnisse genihtsumige m+a +tonne bokere 
& farisea ne ga+t ge in heofuna rice.
<R 5.21>
(\audistis quia dictum est antiquis non occides qui autem
occiderit reus erit iudicio\) geherdun +t+atte 
cw+aden w+as +t+am iumonnum ne slag +tu se+te +tonne sl+a+t
scyldig he bi+t dome [{he{] [{bi+d{] [{doma{] [{scyldig{] .
<R 5.22>
(\ego autem dico uobis quia omnis qui irascitur fratri suo
reus erit iudicio qui autem dixerit patri 
suo racha reus erit concilio qui autem dixerit fatuae reus
erit gehenne ignis\) ic +tonne s+acge eow
+t+atte +aghwilc +tara eorsa+t his bro+ter he bi+t doma
scyldig se+te +tanne cwae+t fa his bro+ter idla he bi+t 
gemote scyldig se+te +tanne cw+a+te dysig vel dolo he bi+t
scyldig helle fyres.
<R 5.23>
(\si ergo offeris munus tuum ad altare et ibi recordatus
fueris quia frater tuus habet aliquid aduersus 
te\) for+ton gif +tu bringa +tin lac to weofud vel wibede
& +d+ar gemyne bist +t+at +tin [{bro+ter{] h+abbe 
hw+at hwugu wi+d +de.
<R 5.24>
(\relinque ibi munus tuum ante altare et uade prius
reconciliari fratri tuo et tunc ueniens offeris
munus tuum\) forlet +t+ar +tin lac beforan +t+at weofud vel
wibed & gae +arest ge+tinge wi+t +dinum bro+ter &
+tanne cumest +tu agefes +tin lac.
<P 49>
<R 5.25>
(\Esto consentiens aduersario tuo cito dum es in uia cum eo
ne forte tradat te aduersarius iudici et 
iudex tradat te ministro et in carcerem mittaris\) w+as
vel beo +du gemod +tencende +tinum +t+am wi+derwearde 
hr+a+te +tanne +tu sie on w+age mid hine +ty laes se
wi+derwearde +tec selle doeme & se doeme sella+d +de 
his d+agne & +tu se in carcern sended.
<R 5.26>
(\amen dico tibi non exies inde donec reddas nouissimum
quadrantem\) so+t ic s+acga +te ne g+as +tu ut +tonan 
+ar+ton +du agefe +tone n+ahstu feor+tan d+al.
<R 5.27>
(\Audistis quia dictum est antiquis non mechaberis\) ge
geherdun +t+atte cw+aden w+as +t+am gumonnum ne lige dernunge.
<R 5.28>
(\ego autem dico uobis quia omnis qui uiderit mulierem ad
concupiscendam eam iam mechatus est eam in
corde suo\) ic +tonne s+acge eow +t+at +aghwilc +tara +te
gesih+t wif to gitsanne vel forlicgan [{hire{] [{+t+as{] 
gewemmed is wi+t +t+at in his heorte.
<R 5.29>
(\quod si oculus tus dexter scandalizat te erue eum et
proiece abs te expedit enim tibi unum membrorum 
tuorum ut pereat quam totum corpus tuum mittatur in
gihennam\) gif +tanne +tin ege +t+at swi+tre +aswica+d 
+te vel f+alle +tec ahloca hit & awerp from +de for+ton
+te +te be+terfe+d +t+at to lore weor+de an +tine lioma 
+tonne all +tin lichoma si+a sended in helle.
<R 5.30>
(\et si dextera manus tua scandalizat te abscide eam et
proiece abs te expedit enim ut pereat unum 
membrorum tuorum quam totum corpus tuum eat in geghennam\) &
gif seo swi+tre hond +tin f+alle vel +aswica+d 
+dec aceorf hiae & aweorp from +te for+ton +te +te
be+d+arfe+t +t+at to lose wear+te vel lore beon an +tine 
leoman +tonne eall +tin lichoma g+a+t in helle.
<R 5.31>
(\Dictum est autem quicumque dimisserit uxorem suam det ei
libellum repudi\) gecw+aden w+as +tonne swa 
hwa swa forletae his wif selle him boec +tare aweorpnisse.
<R 5.32>
(\ego autem dico uobis quia omnis qui dimisserit uxorem suam
excepta fornicationis causa facit eam 
mechari et qui dimissam duxerit adulterium committit\) Ic
+tonne s+acge eow vel iu +t+atte +aghwilc +tara 
+te forlete+t his wif butan forlegennisse +tinge vel intinga
he doe+t +t+at hiu dernunge licg+a & se+te +t+at
forletne him l+ade+t hef+a+t unreht h+ame+t.
<R 5.33>
(\iterum audistis quia dictum est antiquis non periurabis
reddes autem domino iuramenta tua\) eft ge
geherdun +t+atte cw+aden w+as gumonnum ne swer +tu man agef
+tonne drihten +tine ha+tas.
<P 51>
<R 5.34>
(\ego autem dico uobis non iurare omnino neque per caelum
quia tr=h=onus dei est\) ic +tonne cwe+te to eow 
+t+at ge ne sella+t ha+d vel swerge allunga vel eower nan
ne +turh heofun for+ton +de he is godes se+tel.
<R 5.35>
(\neque per terram quia scabillum peduum eius neque per
hierusalem quia ciuitas est magni regis\) ne
+turh eor+d+a for+ton +ti hio is fotscamel vel t+appelbred
his fota ne +turh hierusalem for+ton +te hio is 
c+astra +t+as micclan kyninges.
<R 5.36>
(\neque per capud tuum iuraueris quia non potes unum capillum
album facere uel nigrum\) ne +turh +tin 
heafud ha+t selle vel swerig+a for+ton +te +tu ne m+aht +anne
loc hwitne gewirce o+t+te bl+acne.
<R 5.37>
(\sit autem sermo uestro est est non non quod autem his
amplius est a malo est\) sie +tonne eower word 
is vel hit is is vel hit is nis vel nis hit nis vel nis hit
+t+atte +tonne +t+am wordum genyhtsume is from yfl+a is.
<R 5.38>
(\audistis quia dictum est oculum pro oculo dentem pro
dente\) ge geherdun +t+atte cw+aden w+as ege for 
ege to+d for to+t.
<R 5.39>
(\ego autem dico uobis non resistere malo sed si quis te
percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam praebe 
illi et alteram\) ic +tonne cw+a+te to eow +t+at ge ne
wi+dstonde yfl+a ah gif hwa +dec slae on +d+at swi+dran 
wonge vel ceke +tin sel him ek +t+at o+ter.
<R 5.40>
(\et qui ei uult tecum iudicio contendere et tonicam tuam
tollere demitte ei et pallium\) & +t+am +te wille 
wi+d +te dom geflitan & +tinne tonica genioman forlet him
vel swilce & hryft.
<R 5.41>
(\Et quicumque te angarizauerit mille passus uade cum illo
alia duo\) & swa hwa swa +de nede to l+adenne 
vel to ferganne +tusend steppan +t+at his an mil ga mid
hin+a o+tre twege.
<R 5.42>
(\omni petenti te tribue ei et uolenti mutari a te ne
auertaris\) all vel se+te bidde +te sele him & +t+am 
+de wille on borg nioma +at +te ne beo unge+tw+are.
<R 5.43>
(\Audistis quia dictum est diligis proximum tuum et odies
inimicum tuum\) Ge geherdun +t+atte cw+aden w+as 
lufa +tine +ta nexstan & hate +tine fiond.
<R 5.44>
(\ego autem dico uobis diligite inimicos uestros et
benefacite his qui oderunt uos et orate pro calumpnientibus 
uobis et persequentibus uos\) ic +tonne cw+a+te
to eow lufiga+t eowre fiondas & doe+t w+al +t+am 
+te eowic hate+t vel fieg+a & gebidda+t for hearmcuidele vel
oihtende eowic & for ehtendum vel hoelende eowic.
<P 53>
<R 5.45>
(\ut sitis filii patris uestri qui in caelis est qui solem
suum orri facit super bonos et malos et 
pluit super iustos et iniustos\) +t+at ge sie bearn eowres
f+ader +te in heofonum is se+te his sunne doe+t
uppgangan ofer gode & yfle & regne+t ofer so+tfeste &
unso+tf+aste.
<R 5.46>
(\Si enim diligatis eos qui uos diligunt quam mercidem
habebitis nonne et puplicani hoc faciunt\) for+ton 
gif ge lufiga+t +ta +te eow lufiga+t hwylce lean habba+t
ge ah g+afelgeroefe +t+at ne doe+t.
<R 5.47>
(\et si salutaueritis fratres uestros tantum quid amplius
facietis nonne +athnici hoc faciunt\) & gif
ge haletta+t eowre bro+ter +afne hw+at doa+t ge marae ah
h+a+dne +t+at ne doa+t.
<R 5.48>
(\estote ergo uos perfecti sicut pater uester caelestis
perfectus est\) for+ton beo+t ge gedoefe swa swilce 
eower f+ader se heofunlica gedoefe is.
<R 6.1>
(\adtendite ne iustitiam uestram faciatis coram hominibus ut
uidiamini ab eis alioquin mercidem non
habebitis apud patrem uestrum qui in caelis est\) behalde+t
+t+at ge eowre so+tfestnisse ne doan fore monnum 
+t+at ge sie gesean+a from heom from him elles vel elcur
ge ne habba+t lean vel mearde mid eower 
f+ader +t+ane +te in heofunum is.
<R 6.2>
(\cum ergo facies elimoysinam noli tuba canere ante te sicut
hyppochrite faciunt in synagogis et in
uicis ut honorificentur ab hominibus amen dico uobis
reciperunt mercidem suam\) for+ton +tonne +tu wirce 
+almisse ne blau +tu beman for +te swa liceteras doan in
heora somnungum & in tunum +t+at hie sie weor+tade 
from monnum so+t ic s+acge eow hie onfengun heora lean.
<R 6.3>
(\te autem faciente elimoysinam nesciat sinistra quid faciat
dextera tua\) +de +tonne wircendum +almesse 
nyte se winstrae hond +tin hwat +tin sio swi+tre doa.
<R 6.4>
(\ut sit +alimosina tua in abscondito et pater tuus qui uidit
in absconso reddet tibi\) +t+at +tin +almes 
sie in degulnisse & +tin f+ader se +te gesi+d in degulnisse
gelde+t +de.
<P 55>
<R 6.5>
(\et cum oratis non eritis sicut hippochrite qui amant stare
in sinagogis et in angulis platearum stantes 
orare ut uideantur ab hominibus amen dico uobis
recipierunt mercidem suam\) & +tonne ge bidde eow 
ne beo+t ge swa liceteras +ta +te lufiga+t stalle vel
stonde in gesomnungum & in hwommum wor+tana stondende 
him gebidde +t+at hie sie ges+an+a from monnum so+t ic
s+acge eow hie onfengun heora lean.
<R 6.6>
(\tu autem cum orabis intra in cubiculum tuum et clauso
hostio tuo ora patrem tuum et pater tuus qui 
uidet in absconso reddet tibi\) +du +tonne +tonne +tu
gebidde ga in +tine cofan & betun +tine dure bidde
+tin f+ader & +tin f+ader se+te gesih+d in degulnisse gelde+t
+de.
<R 6.7>
(\Orantes autem nolite multum loqui sicut +athnici faciunt
putant enim quod in multiloquio suo exaudiantur\) 
& +tonne gebiddendae ne scule ge feola spreocan swa
h+a+dene doan for+ton +te hiae woena+t +t+at him 
sie in heora feola sprece gehered.
<R 6.8>
(\nolite ergo adsimilare eis scit enim pater uester quid
uobis opus sit antequam petatis eum\) ne scule 
for+ton gelice beon him for+ton +te eower f+ader hw+as eow
+d+arf sie +ar +ton ge hine biddan.
<R 6.9>
(\sic ergo uos orabitis pater noster qui es in caelis
sanctificetur nomen tuum\) +tus ge +tonne eow gebidda+d 
f+ader ure +tu +te in heofunum ear+d beo gehalgad +tin
noma.
<R 6.10>
(\adueniat regnum tuum fiat uoluntas tua sicut in caelo et in
terra\) cume to +tin rice weor+te +tin willa 
swa swa on heofune swilce on eor+te.
<R 6.11>
(\panem nostrum substantialem da nobis hodie\) hlaf userne
vel ure d+aghw+amlicu vel instondenlice sel
us to d+age.
<R 6.12>
(\et remitte nobis debita nostra sicut et nos remittimus
debitoribus nostris\) & forlet us ure scylde 
swa swa we ec forleten +t+am +te scyldigat wi+d us.
<R 6.13>
(\et ne patiaris nos induci in temptationem sed libera nos a
malo\) & ne gelaet us gelaede in constungae 
ah gelese us of yfle.
<R 6.14>
(\Si enim dimiseritis hominibus peccata eorum dimittet uobis
pater uester caelestis delicta uestra\)
for+ton +ty gif ge forlete+d monnum heora synna heow swilce
[{forlete+t{] eower f+ader se heofunlica eowre
scyld+a.
<R 6.15>
(\si autem non demiseritis peccata hominibus eorum nec pater
uester qui in caelis est dimittet uobis 
peccata uestra\) gif ge +tonne ne forlete+t monnum eora
synne ne eower f+ader se+te in heofunum is forlete+d 
eow eowra synne.
<P 57>
<R 6.16>
(\Cum autem ieiunatis nolite fieri sicut hyppochrite tristes
demoliuntur enim facies suas ut pareant 
hominibus ieiunantes amen dico uobis quoniam reciperunt
mercidem suam\) +tonne ge +tonne faesten ne 
beo+t ge swa swa licetteras unrote for+ton +te hi+e weorfa+t
heora andwliotu +t+at hie sie geseanae monnum
f+astende so+t ic eow s+acge for +t+at hi+a onfengun heora
lean.
<R 6.17>
(\tu autem cum ieiunas unge capud tuum et faciem tuam laua\)
+tu +tonne +tonne +tu f+aste smere +tin heafod 
& +tine andwlitu +twah.
<R 6.18>
(\ne hominibus uidearis ieiunans sed patri tuo qui est in
absconso et pater tuus qui uidit in absconso 
reddet tibi\) +tyles +tu sie gesene monnum f+astende ah
+tinum f+ader +d+am +te in degulnisse is & +tin f+ader 
se+te geseo+t in degulnisse gelde+t +de.
<R 6.19>
(\nolite thesaurizate uobis thesauros in terra ubi tinea et
erugo demollitur et ubi fures effodiunt
et furantur\) ne hyde+t eow hord in eor+te +t+ar om & moh+ta
gewyrfe+t vel eta+t & +t+ar +diofes adelfa+t & forstela+t.
<R 6.20>
(\Tehsaurizate autem uobis tehsauros in caelo ubi neque tinea
neque erugo demolitur et ubi fures non 
effudiunt nec furantur\) hyde+t eow +tonne hord in heofunum
+t+ar ne om ne moh+ta gewyrfe+d & +t+ar +teof ne 
adelfa+t ne forstela+t.
<R 6.21>
(\ubi enim est tesaurus tuus ibi erit et cor tuum\) for+ton
+t+ar +tin hord is +t+ar is +tin eorta.
<R 6.22>
(\Lucerna corporis tui est occulus tuus si oculus tuus
simplex est totum corpus tuum lucidum erit\) 
lichoma bl+acern is +tin ege gif +tin ege bi+t anfald all +tin
lichoma bi+t liht.
<R 6.23>
(\si autem oculus tuus nequam est totum corpus tuum
tenebrosum erit si ergo lumen quod in te est tenebrae 
sunt tenebrae ipse quantae sunt\) gif +tin ege +tonne
ne bi+d nan eall +tin lichoma beo+t +deostru 
for+ton gif +t+at leht +t+atte in +de is +teostru sint +t+at
+teostre hu micel bi+t.
<R 6.24>
(\Nemo potest duobus dominis seruire aut enim unum odio
habebit et alterum diliget aut unum sustinebit 
et alterum contempnet non potestis deo seruire et
mammone\) ne m+ag +anig tw+am godum +deowigan for+ton 
+te he +ta o+terne fia+d vel hate+t & o+terne lufa+d e+ta
o+terne hr+afna+d & o+derne herwe+t ne magun ge gode 
+deowige & dwale.
<P 59>
<R 6.25>
(\Ideo dico uobis ne soliciti sitis animae uestrae quid
manducetis neque corpori uestro quid induamini 
nonne plus est anima quam esca et corpus quam
uestimentum\) for+ton ic cwe+te to eow +t+at ge sorgige 
eowrum fere hw+at ge etan ne eowrum lichoma hu ge eowic
gearwige ah nis mare +t+at ferh +tonne se mete 
& se lichoma +tonne +t+at hr+agl.
<R 6.26>
(\respicite uolatilia caeli quoniam non serunt neque metunt
neque congregant in horrea et pater uester 
caelestis pascet illa nonne uos magis plures estis illis\)
geseo+t vel behalde+t heofun fuglas +t+at
hi+e ne sawe+d ne ripath ne somnia+t in berern & eower f+ader
se heofunlica foede+t +ta ah ge ne sindun 
diorre +tonne +ta.
<R 6.27>
(\quis autem uestrum cogitans potest adicere ad staturam suam
cubitum unum\) hwilc eower m+ag +tonne +tencende 
+atece to his lengo ane elne.
<R 6.28>
(\et de uestimento quid soliciti estis considerate lilia agri
quomodo crescunt non laborant nec neunt\) 
& be hr+agl+e forhwon sorgia+t ge sceawiga+t lilia londes
hu hie waexa+t ne winna+t ne spinna+t.
<R 6.29>
(\Amen dico autem uobis quoniam non salamon in omni gloria
sua coopertus est sicut unum ex istis\) so+t 
ic eow +tonne s+acge +t+at ne salomon in allum his wuldre
w+es be+t+aht swa swa an +tara.
<R 6.30>
(\si autem fenum agri quod hodie est et cras in clibanum
mittur deus sic uestit quanto magis uos modice 
fidei\) nunu +tonne +t+at londes hoeg +t+at to d+age is &
to m+argen vel marne bi+d in ofne sended god 
swa gearw+a+t hu micele mae eowic +t+as medmasta geleafe menn.
<R 6.31>
(\nolite ergo solliciti esse dicentes quid manducabimus aut
quid bibimus aut quo operiemur\) for+ton 
ne sorgigae+t ge cwe+tende hw+at geeta+t w+a o+t+te hw+at
drinca+t w+a o+t+te hy beo+t we gewrigene.
<R 6.32>
(\haec enim omnia gentes inquirunt scit enim pater uester
quid horum omnium indigitis\) for+ton +te +tas 
+teode all soece+t for+ton +te eower f+ader wat +t+at ge
+tissa alra +durfun.
<R 6.33>
(\querite ergo primum regnum dei et iustitiam eius et haec
omnia adicientur uobis\) soeca+t +tonne +arest 
godes rice & his so+tf+astnisse & all +tas bio+d geeced
eow.
<P 61>
<R 6.34>
(\nolite ergo solliciti esse in crastinum crastinus enim dies
sollicitus erit ipse sibi suffecit enim 
diei malitia sua\) ne for+ton sorgiga+t ge in morgen se
morgen for+ton d+ag sorga+t beo+t selfa him genoh 
weotudlice d+age wea his.
<R 7.1>
(\Nolite iudicare ut non iudicemini\) ne doeme+t ge +ty les
ge si+en doemed.
<R 7.2>
(\in quo enim iudicio iudicaueritis iudicabemini et in qua
mensura mensi fueritis remittietur uobis\) in 
+d+am weotudlice dome +te ge doeme+t ge beo+t doemde & in
+d+am gemete +te ge meta+t bi+d eow meten.
<R 7.3>
(\Quid autem uidis fistucam in oculo fratris tui et trabem in
oculo tuo non uidis\) forhwon +tonne gesihstu 
streu in ege bro+ter +tine & beam in ege +tinum ne
gese+es vel sis.
<R 7.4>
(\aut quomodo dicis fratri tuo frater sine eiciam festucam de
oculo tuo et ecce trabis in oculo
tuo est\) o+t+ta hu cwe+testu bro+ter +tinum bro+ter abid
+t+at ic ofdo +t+at streu of ege +tinum & sih+te beam
in ege +tinum is.
<R 7.5>
(\hyppochrite eice primum trabem de oculo tuo et tunc uidebis
eicere fistucam de oculo fratris tui\)
+tu licettere ge+to +ar+ast +tone beam of ege +tinum & +tonne
gesihst +tu awearpe +t+at streu of +tines bro+ter ege.
<R 7.6>
(\Nolite dare sanctum canibus neque mittatis margaretas
uestras ante porcos ne forte conculcent eas
pedibus suis et conuersi disrumpant uos\) ne sella+d ge halig
hundum ne gewearpa+t ercnanstanas eowre
beforan swinum +tyles hi+a tredan +da heora fotum &
gehwerf+a+t to slite eowic.
<R 7.7>
(\Petite et dabitur uobis querite et inuenietis pulsate et
aperietur uobis\) bidda+t & eow bi+t sald soeca+t 
& ge gemoeta+t cnyssa+t & eow bi+t ontyned.
<R 7.8>
(\omnis enim qui petit accipit et qui querit inuenit et
pulsanti aperietur\) +aghwilc wiotudlice se+te
bit he onfoe+t & se+te soece+t he finde+d & cnyssande him
bi+d ontyned.
<P 63>
<R 7.9>
(\aut quis est ex uobis homo quem si petierit filius suus
panem numquid lapidem porriget ei\) o+t+ta hw+alc 
is eower monn +te hine bidde sunu his hlaf ah he stan
r+ace+t th+am.
<R 7.10>
(\aut si piscem petierit numquid serpentem porriget ei\)
o+t+te gif he fisc+as biddeth ah he nedra r+ace+t him.
<R 7.11>
(\si ergo uos cum sitis mali nostis bona dare filis uestris
quanto magis pater uester qui in caelis
est dabit bona petentibus se\) nunu +tonne ge +te ge sindun
yfle cunne+t god sellan beaearnum eowrum hu 
miccle mae f+ader ewer se+te in heofunum is selle+t god
+t+am +te bidda+t hine.
<R 7.12>
(\Omnia ergo quaecumque uultis ut faciant uobis homines bona
ita et uos facite illis haec est enim 
lex et profete\) all for+ton swa hw+et swa ge willa+d +t+at doa
eow menn god swa & ge doa+t heom +tis is wiotudlice ae & witgu.
<R 7.13>
(\Intrate per angustam portam quia lata porta et spatiosa uia
quae ducit ad perditionem et multi sunt 
qui intrant per eam\) ga+t inn +turh naarwe geate for+ton
wid geatt & rum weg +te l+ade+t to forwyrde vel 
forlore & monige sindun +ta +te ingan +turh +t+are vel
+t+ane.
<R 7.14>
(\quam angusta porta et arcta est uia quae ducit ad uitam et
pauci sunt qui inueniunt eam\) hu naru 
vel wi+derdune geate & eorfe+te is se weg +te l+ade+t to life
& feawe sindun +ta +te gemoeta+t +tane vel cyme+d in +tara.
<R 7.15>
(\adtendite uobis a falsis profetis qui ueniunt ad uos in
uestimentis ouium intrinsecus autem sunt 
lupi rapaces\) behalde+t eow wi+d lyge vel lease witgu +ta +te
cuma+t to eow in gewedum scepa in innan +tonne 
sindun wulfas ris+ande vel woedende.
<R 7.16>
(\a fructibus eorum cognoscetis eos numquid colligunt de
spinis uuas aut de tribulis ficos\) from w+astmum 
eora ge ongeta+t heo ah he somniga+t of +tornum winbeg+er
o+t+te of gorstum ficos vel nyte.
<R 7.17>
(\Sic omnis arbor bona bonos fructus facit mala autem arbor
malos fructus facit\) swa +agwilc treow god 
godne w+estmas bere+t vel wyrce+t yfel +tonne treow yfle
westmas vel bl+ed bere+t.
<R 7.18>
(\non potest arbor bona malos fructus facere neque arbor mala
bonos fructus facere\) ne m+ag treow +t+at 
gode yfle westmas beoran vel wyrcende ne +t+at treow yfle
gode w+astmas vel bl+ed beoran.
<P 65>
<R 7.19>
(\omnis ergo arbor quae non facit fructum bonum excidetur et
in ignem mittitur\) +aghwilc +tara treow 
+te ne bere+t west+em godne bi+d acorfen & in fyre sended.
<R 7.20>
(\igitur ex fructibus eorum cognoscetis eos\) for+ton vel
cu+tlice of w+astmum eora ge ongeta+t heo vel hi+e.
<R 7.21>
(\non omnis qui dicit mihi domine domine intrabit in regnum
caelorum sed qui facit uoluntatem patris 
mei qui in caelis est ipse intrabit in regnum caelorum\) ne
vel nall+as +aghwilc +tara +te cwe+t to me 
dryhten drihten g+a+t in rice heofuna ah se+te wyrce+t wille
f+ader mines +t+as +te in heofunum is se vel he 
gae+t in heofuna rice.
<R 7.22>
(\Multi dicent mihi in illa die domine domine nonne in tuo
nomine profetauimus et in tuo nomine demonia 
eicimus et in tuo nomine uirtutes multas fecimus\) monige
cwe+ta+d to me on +d+am d+age dryhten dryhten 
ah ne in +tinum noma witgadun we & in +tinum noma deoful
ut wyrpon & in +tinum noman m+agen monige worhton.
<R 7.23>
(\et tunc confitebor illis quia numquam noui uos discidite a
me qui operamini iniquitatem\) & ic +tonne 
ondetu heom +t+at ic n+afr+a cu+te eow gewita+t from me ge
+te wyrca+t unrihtnisse.
<R 7.24>
(\Omnis ergo qui audit uerba mea haec et facit ea
adsimilabitur uiro sapienti qui aedificauit domum 
suam super petram\) +aghwilc +tara +te gehere+d word min +tas
& fremma+d hie he bi+d lic were +t+am snottra +te 
getimbrade hus is on stane.
<R 7.25>
(\et discendit pluia et uenerunt flumina et flauerunt uenti
et inruerunt in domum illam et non cicidit 
fundata enim erat super petram\) & astag ni+ter r+agn &
cuomun eae & blewan windas & fellun on hus
+t+at & hit no gefeoll gesta+tulad so+tlice hit w+as on
stane.
<R 7.26>
(\et omnis qui audit uerba mea haec et non facit ea similis
erit uiro stulto qui aedificauit domum 
suam super harenam\) & +aghwilc +te gehere+t word min +tas &
ne fremma+t +ta gelic bi+d were dysig vel dolum 
+t+am +te timbrade hus his on sonde.
<R 7.27>
(\et discendit pluia et uenerunt flumina et flauerunt uenti
et inruerunt in domum illam et cicidit 
et fuit ruina eius magna\) & astag r+agn ni+ter & cuomon eae &
bleowen windas & feollun in hus +t+at & hit 
gefeoll & w+as hryre his micel.
<P 67>
<R 7.28>
(\Et factum est cum consummasset iesus uerba haec admirantur
turbae super doctrinam eius\) & gewar+d 
+ta h+afde geendad h+alend word +tas +t+at wundradun +ta mengu
be lare his.
<R 7.29>
(\erat enim docens sicut potestatem habens non sicut scribae
eorum et farisei\) he w+as for+ton hie l+arde 
swa swa m+aht h+abbende nallas swa swa bocera heora &
fariseas.
<R 8.1>
(\cum autem discendisset de monte secuti sunt eum turbae
multae\) +ta he +ta w+as astigen of dune folgedun 
him menga monige.
<R 8.2>
(\et ecce leprosus quidam ueniens adorabat eum dicens domine
si uis potis me mundare\) & henu hreof 
sumne cumende togeb+edd him cwe+tende drihten gif +tu wilt +tu
m+aht mec gecl+ensige.
<R 8.3>
(\et extendens iesus manum suam et tetegit eum dicens uolo
mundare et confestim mundatus est lepra 
eius\) & a+tenende h+alend honda his & +athran him cw+a+tende
ic wille gecl+ansige & hr+a+te geclensad w+as hreoful his.
<R 8.4>
(\et ait illi iesus uide nemini dixeris sed uade et ostende
sacerdoti et offer munus quod praecipit
moyses in testimonium illis\) & cwe+t to him h+alend gesech
+t+at +tu n+angum s+acge ah ga & +ateaw +te messepreoste 
& breng +t+at lac +t+atte bebead moyses in cy+tnisse
heora.
<R 8.5>
(\Post haec cum autem introisset cafarnaum accessit ad eum
centorio rogans eum\) +after +tas +ta he +ta 
eode cafarnaum cuom to him biddende hine.
<R 8.6>
(\et dicens domine puer meus iactet in domu paraliticus et
male torquetur\) & cwe+tende drihten cneht
min lige+t in huse loma & is yfle w+alid.
<R 8.7>
(\et ait illi iesus ego ueniam et curabo eum\) & cwe+t to him
se h+alend ic cume & geh+ale hine.
<R 8.8>
(\et respondens centorio ait illi domine non sum dignus ut
intres sub tectum meum sed tantum dic uerbo 
et sanabitur puer meus\) & ondswarande centurio cwe+t to
him drihten nam ic wyr+de +t+at +du ga under
+tacu minne ah efne gecwe+t word & bi+d geh+aled cneht min.
<P 69>
<R 8.9>
(\nam et ego homo sum sub potestate constitutus habens sub me
milites et dico huic uade et uadit et
alio ueni et uenit et seruo meo dico fac hoc et facit\)
wiotudlice & ic monn eam under m+ahti geseted 
h+abbende under me cempa & ic cwe+de +tissum ga & he g+a+t
& to o+trum cyme & he cyme+t & to esne vel +deow 
minum & ic cwe+te do +tis & he doe+t.
<R 8.10>
(\audiens autem iesus miratus est et sequentibus se dixit
amen dico uobis tantum fidem non inueni in 
israhel\) geherende he +ta h+alend wundriende w+as &
fylgendun him to +t+am cw+a+t so+t ic s+acge eow swa micel 
geleafa ne gemotte ic in israh+ele.
<R 8.11>
(\Dico autem uobis quod multi ab oriente et occidente uenient
et recumbent cum abraham et isac et iacob 
in regno caelorum\) s+acge +tonne eow +t+at monige from
eastan & westan cuma+t & hleoniga+t mid abraham 
& isaac & iacob in heofuna rice.
<R 8.12>
(\filii autem regni huius eicientur in tenebras exteriores
ubi erit fletus et stridor dentium\) bearn 
+tonne rice +teos bio+t aworpenne in +tiostre +ta ytm+aste
+t+ar bi+d wop & gristbatung to+ta.
<R 8.13>
(\Et dixit iesus centorioni uade et sicut credidisti fiat
tibi et sanatus est puer ex illa hora\) & 
cw+a+t +da se h+alend to +t+am centurione gang & swa +tu
gelefdest geweor+de +de & geh+aled w+as se cneht on +t+are 
hwile vel tide.
<R 8.14>
(\Et cum uenisset iesus in domum petri uidit socrum eius
iacentem et febricantem\) & +ta cuom se h+alend 
in huse petrus ges+ah sw+agre his licgende & bifgende.
<R 8.15>
(\et tetigit manum eius et demisit eam febris et surrexit et
ministrabat eis\) & +athran honda his & 
forlet hiae sio drif & hiu aras & +d+agnade heom.
<R 8.16>
(\uespere autem facto obtulerunt ei multos demonia habentes
et ieciebat uerbo spiritus inmundos et 
omnes male habentes curauit\) efen +tonne hit +ta w+as +ta
brohtun him monige deofulseoke h+abbende & ut 
awearp +turh his worde +ta gastas unklene & alle yfleh+abbende
geh+alde.
<R 8.17>
(\ut adinpleretur quod dictum est per esaiam profetam
dicentem ipse infirmitates nostras accipit et
egritudines nostras portauit\) +t+atte gefylled w+are +t+at
gecw+aden w+as +turh esaiam +te witgu cwe+tende he 
wiotudlice untrymnissum urum onfeng & metrymnisse ure he
b+ar.
<P 71>
<R 8.18>
(\uidens autem iesus turbas multas circa se iusit ire trans
fretum\) geseonde +ta h+alend mengu monige 
ymb hine heht feran ofer sae vel brymstream.
<R 8.19>
(\Et accedens unus scriba ait ei magister sequar te quocumque
ieris\) & cumende an bokera cwe+t to him 
laruw ic wille folgian +te hwider swa +tu ganges vel g+ast.
<R 8.20>
(\et dicit ei iesus uulpes foueas habent et uolucres caeli
tabernacula ubi requiescant filius autem
hominis non habet ubi capud reclinet\) & cw+a+t to him
h+alend foxes hole habba+t & fuglas heofunas selescota 
+ter hie resta+t bearn vel sunu +tonne monnes n+af+d
w+ar he heafud ahelde.
<R 8.21>
(\alius autem de discipulis eius ait illi domine permitte me
primum ire et sepelire patrem meum\) o+ter 
+ta of leornere his cw+a+t to him drihten l+at me +arest
gangan & bebyrgen f+ader minum.
<R 8.22>
(\iesus autem ait illi sequere me et dimitte mortuos sepelire
mortuos suos\) h+alend +tanne cwe+t to +t+em 
fylge me & forlet dea+da bebyrgen deada heora.
<R 8.23>
(\Et ascendente eo in nauicula secuti sunt eum discipuli
eius\) & +ta stag he on scipe folgadun him leorneras his.
<R 8.24>
(\et ecce tempestas magna facta est in mari erat autem illis
uentus contrarius ita ut nauicula operetur 
fluctibus ipse uero dormiebat\) & henu hreornis micel
geworden w+as on +t+am s+a w+as +tonne heom wind 
wi+derweard swa +t+atte +te scip w+as urnen y+dum he
wiotudlice vel he so+t vel +tonne slepte.
<R 8.25>
(\et accesserunt ad eum discipuli eius et suscitauerunt eum
dicentes domine salua nos perimus\) & eodun 
to him discipulas his & wehton hine cwe+tende dryhten h+al
usic we forweor+da+d.
<R 8.26>
(\et dicit eis iesus quid timidi estis modice fidei tunc
surgens imperauit uentis et mari et facta 
est tranquillitas magna\) & cwe+t to heom se h+alend for hwon
vel hw+at gefrohte sindun medmiccles geleafa 
& +ta arisende bebead wind & sae & geworden w+as
smyltnisse micel.
<R 8.27>
(\porro homines mirati sunt dicentes qualis est hic quia
uenti et mare oboediunt ei\) +ta menn wundradun 
cw+a+tende hulic is +tes +te wind & sae geh+era+t him.
<P 73>
<R 8.28>
(\Et cum uenisset trans fretum in regionem gerasenorum
occurrerunt ei duo homines demonia habentes 
de monumentis exeuntes seui nimis ita ut nemo posset transire
per uiam illam\) & +ta he cuom ofer sae
in lond gerasinga urnon ong+agn him twegen menn deofulseoka
h+abbende of byrgennum utgangende grimme
swi+de swa +t+atte n+anig m+ahte faran +tyrh w+age +t+am.
<R 8.29>
(\et ecce clamauerunt dicentes quid nobis et tibi iesu filii
dei uenisti huc ante tempus torquere nos\) 
& henu cegende cw+a+tende hw+at is us & +de h+alend sunu
godes cwome hider +ar tide tinterga usic.
<R 8.30>
(\erat autem non longe grex porcorum ab eis multorum
pascens\) w+as +ta unfeor suner swina from heom monegra 
etende.
<R 8.31>
(\demones autem rogauerunt eum dicentes si iecis nos mitte
nos in gregem porcorum\) +ta deoful +tonne 
bedun hinae cwe+tende gif +du ut awearpa usic send usic in
+tas sunrae swin.
<R 8.32>
(\et ait illis ite at illi exeuntes abierunt in porcos et
ecce inpetu abit totus grex per praeceps 
in mare et mortui sunt in aquis\) & cwe+t to heom gae+d & hi+e
utgangende eodun in swinum vel in +tassum
& henu ungerece vel r+ased eode all siu suner vel wr+a+d
ni+derweardes in sae & deade wurdon in w+attrum.
<R 8.33>
(\pastores autem fugerunt et uenientes in ciuitatem
nuntiauerunt omnia et de hiis qui demonia abebant\) 
hiordes +tonne flugon & cumende in c+astr+a s+agdun vel
cy+ddon all & be +t+am +te deofulseoke werun +ar
vel +afdon.
<R 8.34>
(\et ecce tota ciuitas exit obuiam iesu et uiso eo rogabant
eum ut transiret a finibus eorum\) & henu 
all c+astra uteode ong+agn h+alend & geseende hine bedun
hine +t+at he ferde vel liorde from gemerum eora.
<R 9.1>
(\Et ascendens in nauicula transfretauit et uenit in
ciuitatem suam\) & astigende on scipe oferla+t +tone 
s+ae & cwom in c+astre his.
<R 9.2>
(\et ecce offerebant ei paraliticum iacentem in lecto et
uidens iesus fidem illorum dixit paralitico 
confide fili remitentur tibi peccata tua\) & henu brohtun
him loma licende in bedde & geseende h+alend 
leafa hiora cw+a+t to +t+am loma getreowe sunu +te sindun
forletne synnae +tine.
<P 75>
<R 9.3>
(\et ecce quidam de scribis dixerunt intra se hic blasfemat\)
& henu sume +tara bocera cwedun ininnan
heom +t+es hefalsa+t.
<R 9.4>
(\et cum uidisset iesus cogitationes eorum dixit eis ut quid
cogitatis mala in cordibus uestris\) & 
+ta geseende +dohtas heora cw+a+t to heom forhwon +tenca+t ge
yfel in heortum eowrum.
<R 9.5>
(\quid est facilius dicere dimituntur tibi peccata aut dicere
surge et ambula\) hwe+ter is e+tre to cwe+tane 
sindun forletnae +te synne +te to gecwe+tanne aris &
ga.
<R 9.6>
(\ut sciatis autem quoniam filius hominis habet potestatem in
terra demittendi peccata tunc ait paralitico 
surge et tolle lectum tuum et uade in domum tuam\)
+t+at ge wite +tonne +t+atte sunu monnes h+afe+t
m+ahte on eor+dan to forletenne synne +ta cw+a+t to +t+am
loman aris & genim bedd +tin & ga in hus +tin.
<R 9.7>
(\et surrexit et habit in domum suam\) & he aras & eode in
hus his.
<R 9.8>
(\uidentes turbae timuerunt et glorificauerunt deum qui talam
potestatem dedit hominibus\) gesegon +ta
menigu onddreordun heom & wuldradun god +te swilce m+ahte
gesalde monnum.
<R 9.9>
(\Et cum transire inde iesus uidit hominem sedentem in
theloneo matheum nomine et ait illi sequere 
me surgens et secutus est eum\) & +ta foerde +tonan h+alend
ges+ah monnu sittende +at g+aflaes monunge matheus 
haten & cw+a+t to him fylg+a me he aras & fylg+ande w+as
him.
<R 9.10>
(\Et factum est discumbente eo in domu et ecce multi
puplicani et peccatores uenientes discumbebant
cum iesu et discipuli eius\) & geworden w+as +t+ar hlionede
he in huse & henu monige g+afelhroefe & synnfulle 
cwomon & hlionadun mi+d h+alend & leorneras his.
<R 9.11>
(\et uidentes farisei dicebant discipulis eius quare magister
uester cum puplicanis et peccatoribus
manducat\) & gesegon farisei cwedun leornerum his forhwon
lareuw eower mi+d g+afelgehrefum & synnfullum ete+t.
<R 9.12>
(\At audiens iesus ait non est opus ualentibus medicus sed
male habentibus\) & +ta gehoerde se h+alend 
cw+a+t nis +t+arf halum l+aces ah yfle h+abbende vel untrymum.
<P 77>
<R 9.13>
(\euntes autem discite quid est misericordiam uolo et non
sacrificium non enim ueni uocare iustus sed 
peccatores\) g+a+t +tonne geleorniga+t hw+at +t+at sie
mildheortnisse ic wille & nalles as+agdnisse ne for+ton 
ic cwom to ceganne so+tfestum ah synfullum.
<R 9.14>
(\tunc accesserunt ad eum discipuli iohannis dicentes quare
nos et farisei ieiunamus frequenter discipuli 
autem tui non ieiunant\) +ta eodun to him leorneras
iohannes cw+a+tende for hwon we & farisei f+asta+t 
gelome leorneras +tonne +tine ne f+asta+t.
<R 9.15>
(\et ait illis iesus numquid possunt filii sponsi lugere
quamdiu cum illis est sponsus uenient autem 
dies cum auferetur ab eis sponsus et tunc ieiunabunt\) &
cw+a+t to heom h+alend ah ne magun bearn brydguma 
wepan +tende mid heom is se brydguma cuma+t +tonne dagas
+t+at bi+d afirred from heom se brydguma &
+tonne f+asten.
<R 9.16>
(\nemo enim immittit commisuram panni rudis in uestimentum
fetus tollit enim plenitudinem eius a uestimento 
et peior scisura fit\) n+anig mon +tonne sette+t
cla+t flyhti neowenne in hr+agl ald he ahefe+t 
for+ton fyllnisse his from +t+am hr+agle & wyrse slite
wer+te+d.
<R 9.17>
(\neque mittunt uinum nouum in utres ueteres alioquin
rumpentur utres ueteres et uinum effunditur et 
utres peribunt sed uinum nouum in utres nouos ponunt et ambo
conseruantur\) ne menn geota+t win niowe 
in winbeligas alde elcur vel elles toberste+t +ta belgas
ealde & +t+at win bi+d agoten & +ta beligas to 
lore weor+da+t ah win neowe in belgas neowe geota+t vel
gedoa+t & bu beo+t gehalden.
<R 9.18>
(\Haec illo loquente ad eos ecce princeps unus accessit et
adorabat eum dicens domine filia mea modo 
defuncta est sed ueni inpone manum tuam super eam et uiuet\)
+ta he +tis spr+ac to heom henu aldurmon
an cwom & geb+ad to him cwe+tende drihten dohter min is nu
aswolten is ah cym gesette hond +tin ofer 
vel on heo & heo leofa+t.
<R 9.19>
(\et surgens iesus sequebatur eum et discipuli eius\) & he
aras se h+alend folgade him & his leorneras.
<R 9.20>
(\et ecce mulier que sanguinis fluxum patiebatur xii annis
accessit retro et tetigit fimbriam uestimenti 
eius\) & henu wif +t+atte blodes flownisse +trowade
twelf winter geneolicte behyndan & +athran f+ass 
hr+agl his.
<P 79>
<R 9.21>
(\dicebat enim intra se si tetigero tantum uestimentum eius
salua ero\) heo cw+a+t for+ton in innan hire 
gif ic gehrine efne vel swa micel hr+agl his hal ic eam vel
ic beom.
<R 9.22>
(\at iesus conuersus et uidens eam dixit confide filia fides
tua te saluam fecit et facta est salua
mulier ex illa hora\) & h+alend +ta gecerde vel werfde &
geseah heo & cwe+t getreuwe +tu dohter geleafa
+tin +tec halne dyde & war+d +da hal +t+at wif of +t+are
hwile vel tide.
<R 9.23>
(\et cum uenisset iesus in domum principes et cum uidiset
tibicines et turbam tumultuantem\) & +ta cwom 
se h+alend in hus +tas aldormonnes & +ta ges+ah piperas &
menigu ruxlende.
<R 9.24>
(\dicebat recedete non mortua est puella sed dormit et
diridebant eum\) cw+a+t gewita+t heonan nis dead
+t+at m+agden ah hio slepe+t & hi+e bismeradun hine.
<R 9.25>
(\et cum iecta esset turba intrauit in domum et tenuit manum
eius et surrexit puella\) & +ta ut aworpen 
w+as siu mengu he eode in hus & genom hond hire & aras
+t+at m+agden.
<R 9.26>
(\et exit fama haec in uniuersam terram illam\) & eode se
hlisa +tis in all +t+at lond.
<R 9.27>
(\Et transeuntes inde iesus secuti sunt eum duo caeci
clamantes et dicentes miserere nostri filii dauid\) 
& for+t foerde vel liorde +tonan se h+alend fylgdun him
twa blinde cegende & cwe+tende miltsa unc
+tu sunu daui+des.
<R 9.28>
(\cum autem ueniset domum accesserunt ad eum duo caeci
rogantes et dicit eis iesus creditis quia possum 
hoc facere uos dicunt ei utique domine\) +ta he +ta cwom
in hus eodun to him +ta [{tu{] blinde biddende 
& cw+a+t to heom se h+alend gelefa+t git +te ic m+age +t+at
gedoa inc cw+adon to him la drihten.
<R 9.29>
(\tunc tetigit oculos eorum dicens secundum fidem uestram
fiat uobis\) +ta he +athran egan heora cwe+tende 
+after geleafan incrum geweor+de inc.
<R 9.30>
(\et statim aperti sunt oculi eorum et comminatus est eis
dicens uidete ne quis sciat\) & werun ontyned 
egan eora & forbead vel biatadae heom cw+a+tende geseae+t
+t+at +tis n+anigmon wite.
<R 9.31>
(\illi autem exeuntes defamauerunt eum in totam terram
illam\) hiae +ta utgangende gemerdon hine geond 
all +t+at lond.
<P 81>
<R 9.32>
(\egressis autem illis ecce obtulerunt ei hominem mutum et
surdum demonium habentem\) utgangende +ta 
hie +ta weron henu brohtun him monnu dumb & deaf deofulseocne
h+abbende.
<R 9.33>
(\et iecto demonio locutus est mutus et mirat+a sunt turbae
dicentes nusquam sic apparuit in israhel\) 
& utwearp +t+at deoful sprecende w+as se dumbe & wundradun
mengu cwe+tende n+afre swa +ateawde in israhel.
<R 9.34>
(\farisei autem dicebant in principe demoniorum hic iecit
demones\) farisei +tonne cwedun in aldre deofla 
he utweorpe+d deoful.
<R 9.35>
(\Et circumibat iesus ciuitates omnes et castella docens in
sinagogis eorum et praedicans euangelium 
regni et curans omnem langorem et omnem infirmitatem in 
populo\) & geond eode se h+alend +ta burgas alle & c+astras 
l+arende in gesomnungum heora & bodede godspelles rices &
h+alende +aghwilce adle & +aghwilce untrymnisse in folce.
<R 9.36>
(\Uidens autem iesus turbas missertus est eis qui erant
uexati et iacentes sicut oues non habentes 
pastorem\) geseah he +ta se h+alend +ta mengu efn+trowade
+t+am +te hie weron gew+alde & liccende swa scep heordeleas.
<R 9.37>
(\Tunc dicit discipulis suis messis quidem multa operari
autem pauci\) +ta cw+a+t to leorneras his rip 
+tis is micel & wyrhtu +tonne feawe.
<R 9.38>
(\rogate ergo dominum messis ut mittat operarios in messem
suam\) bidda+t +tanne dryhten +t+as hrip+es +t+at 
he sende wyrhte in ripae his.
<R 10.1>
(\Et cumuocatis duodecim discipulis suis dedit eis potestatem
spirituum inmundorum ut iecerent eos 
et curarent omnem langorem et omnem infirmitatem\) & +ta
tosomne cegende tw+alf his leorneras salde heom 
m+ahtae gastas unclenra +t+at utawurpe +ta & h+alde
+aghwilce adle & +aghwilce untrymnisse.
<R 10.2>
(\Duodecim autem apostolorum nomina sunt haec primus simon
qui dicitur petrus et andreas frater eius 
iacobus zebedei et iohannis frater eius\) +tara twelf
apostola noma +tonne sindun +tas +arest simon se+te 
is nemned petrus & andreas his bro+ter iacobus zebedees
sunu & iohannes his bro+ter.
<P 83>
<R 10.3>
(\philippus et bartholomeus thomas et matheus puplicanus et
iacobus alfei et thatheus zelotis\) philippus 
& bartholomeus tomas & matheus se g+afelgeroefe &
Iacobus alfe+es sunu & taddeus.
<R 10.4>
(\simon channaneus et iudas scariothes qui tradidit eum\) &
simon se cananisca & iudas scariothes se+te salde hine.
<R 10.5>
(\Hos duodecim misit iesus praecipiens eis et dicens in uiam
gentium ne abieretis et in ciuitates samaritanorum 
ne introieritis\) +tas tw+alfe sende se h+alend
bebeodende heom & cwe+tende in w+ag +deode [{ne{]
g+a+t ge & c+astra samaringa ne ionga+t.
<R 10.6>
(\sed putius ite ad oues quae perierant domus israhel\) ah
mae ga+t to +t+am sciopum +te to lore wyr+don huses israhela.
<R 10.7>
(\Euntes autem praedicate dicentes quia adpropinquauit regnum
caelorum\) & gangende +tonne bodiga+d cw+e+tende 
+t+atte neolice+t rice heofunas.
<R 10.8>
(\infirmos curate mortuos suscitate leprosus mundate demonia
iecite gratis accipistis gratis date\) 
untrymnisse h+ale+t dea+de w+acce+t hreofe cl+ansig+a+t
deofulsoece utweorpa+t arwunga ge onfengon arwunge gesella+t.
<R 10.9>
(\nolite possidere aurum neque argentum neque pecuniam in
zonis uestris\) ne sculon ge agan gold ne 
sylfur ne feoh in gyrdels eowrum.
<R 10.10>
(\non peram in uia neque duas tonicas neque calciamenta neque
uirgam in manibus uestris dignus est 
operarius cibo suo\) ne bis+ac on w+age ne twa tunica ne scoas
ne ierde in hondum eowrum wyr+de is wyrhta mete his.
<R 10.11>
(\in quamcumque ciuitatem aut castellum intraueritis
interrogate quis in ea dignus sit et ibi manete 
donec exiatis\) in swa hwilce burh o+t+te c+astre swa ge
ing+an ahsiga+t hwa in +t+are wyr+te sie & +t+ar wyniga+t 
o+t+t+at ge utg+an.
<R 10.12>
(\Intrantes autem in domum salutate eam dicentes pax huic
domui\) & gegangan +tonne in huse halete+t +t+at 
cw+a+tende sibb vel fri+d +tissum huse.
<R 10.13>
(\et si quidem fuerit domus digna ueniet pax uestra super eam
si autem non fuerit digna pax uestra 
ad uos reuertetur\) & gif +t+at siae hus wyr+te cyme sibb
eowra on vel ofer hi+a gif +tonne ne siae wyr+de
fri+d eowra to eow gecerre vel weorfe.
<P 85>
<R 10.14>
(\Et quicumque non reciperit uos neque audierit sermones
uestros exeuntes foras de domu uel de ciuitate 
excutite puluerem de pedibus uestris in testimonium
illorum\) & swa hwilce swa nyle onfo eow ne
heran wordum eowrum ga+d ut of +t+am huse o+t+te +t+are
c+astre ascake+t dust of fotum eowrum in cy+tnisse heora.
<R 10.15>
(\amen dico uobis tollerabilius erit terrae sodomorum et
gomorreorum in die iudici quam illi ciuitati\) 
so+d ic s+acge eow arefrendlicre bi+d eor+de sodominga &
gomorringa +at domes d+age +tonne +t+are c+astre.
<R 10.16>
(\Ecce ego mitto uos sicut oues in medio luporum estote ergo
prudentes sicut serpentes et simplices
sicut columbe\) henu ic sende eow swa swa scep in midde
uulfum bio+t vel wesa+t for+ton snottre swa swa 
nedra & bilwite swa swa culfra.
<R 10.17>
(\Cauete autem ab hominibus tradent enim uos in concilis et
in sinagogis suis flagellabunt uos\) behalde+t 
+tonne wi+d monnum hie sella+t for+ton eowic on gemotum
& in gesomnunge heora swinga+t eowic.
<R 10.18>
(\et ad reges et praessides ducemini propter me in
testimonium illis et gentibus\) & to kyningum & geroefum 
ge bio+t gel+adde for me in cy+tnisse eora & +teodum.
<R 10.19>
(\Cum autem tradent uos nolite cogitare quomodo aut quid
loquimini dabitur enim uobis in illa hora 
quid loquemini\) +tonne hie wiotudlice selle+t eowic ne
+tenca+t ge hu o+t+te hw+at ge sprece bi+t sald for+ton 
eow in +t+are hwile hw+at ge sprecan.
<R 10.20>
(\non enim uos estis qui loquemini sed spiritus patris uestri
qui loquitur in uobis\) ne for+ton ge sindun 
+t+atte gespreca+t ah gast f+ader eower se spreca+t in
eow.
<R 10.21>
(\tradet autem frater fratrem in mortem et pater filium et
insurgent filium parentes et morte eos adficiant\) 
sella+t +tonne bro+ter o+terne in dead & f+ader
sunu & arise+t suna wi+d freondum & dea+te hiae cwelma+t.
<R 10.22>
(\et eritis odio omnibus hominibus propter nomen meum qui
autem perseuerauit usque in finem hic saluus 
erit\) & ge beo+t in fiunge allum monnum for noma minum
se+te +tonne +turhwuna+t o+t his ende se bi+d hal.
<R 10.23>
(\Cum atem persecuntur uos in ciuitate ista fugite in aliam
amen dico uobis non consummabitis ciuitates 
israhel donec ueniat filius hominis\) +tonne hi+a +tonne
ehtende eowic in c+astre +tas fleo+t in o+tre
so+t ic s+acge eow ne geendiga+t ge c+astre israheles +ar+ton
cume sunu monn+as.
<P 87>
<R 10.24>
(\Non est discipulus super magistrum nec seruus super dominum
suum\) nis leornere ofer laruw ne esne
ofer laferd his.
<R 10.25>
(\suffecit discipulo ut sit sicut magister eius et seruus
sicut dominus eius si patrem familias belzebul 
uocauerunt quanto magis domisticos eius\) genoh bi+t
leornere +t+atte he sie swa swa laruw his & 
esne swa swa laford his nu hie f+ader heora belzebub nemdun hu
micle m+a hiw+a vel hine his.
<R 10.26>
(\non ergo timueritis eos nihil enim est opertum quod non
reuelabitur et occultum quod non scietur\)
ne for+ton ondreda+t eow hiae +te nis for+ton owiht
bewrigenes +t+at ne sie [{vnwrigan{] & degles +t+at ne sie 
witen.
<R 10.27>
(\Quod dico uobis in tenebris dicite in lumine et quod in
aure auditis praedicate super tecta\) +t+at 
ic s+acge eow in +teostre cwe+ta+t in lihte & +t+atte ge in
eare gehoera+d bodiga+t on +tacum.
<R 10.28>
(\Et nolite timere eos qui occidunt corpus animam autem non
possunt occidere sed putius timete eum 
qui potest corpus et animam perdere in gehennam\) & ne
ondreda+t eow +ta se +te sl+ah+t se lichoma saule 
+tonne ne magun ofsl+aan ah mae vel swi+dor ondreda+t hine
se+te m+ag ge lichoma & saule fordoan vel sla in helle.
<R 10.29>
(\nonne duo passeres a se ueniunt et unus ex eis non cadit
super terram sine patre uestro\) ah twegen 
spearwas to him cumende ne beo+t punde bohte & an +t+are ne
falle+t on eor+tan butan f+ader eower.
<R 10.30>
(\uestri autem capilli capitis numerati sunt omnes\) +tonne
loccas heafod sindun gerimde ealle.
<R 10.31>
(\nolite ergo timere multis uos meliores istis passeribus\)
ne for+ton forhtiga+t mongum ge sindun bettra 
+tonne +tas spearwas.
<R 10.32>
(\omnis ergo qui confitebitur me coram hominibus confitebor
et ego eum coram patre meo qui in c+alis est\) 
+aghwilc for+ton +tara +te ondete+t mec for monnum
ondeto & ic +tone beforan f+ader minum +de in heofunum is.
<R 10.33>
(\Qui autem me necauerit coram hominibus negabo et ego eum
coram patre meo qui in caelis est\) se+te 
+tonne me onsaeke+t beforan monnum onsaece ic swilce +tone
beforan faeder minum +t+am +de in heofunum is.
<P 89>
<R 10.34>
(\Nolite arbitrari quia uenirim pacem mittere in terram non
ueni pacem mittere sed gladium\) ne wena+t 
ge +te ic cwome fri+d vel sibb to sendanne on eor+de ne
cwom ic fri+d to sendanne ah sweord.
<R 10.35>
(\ueni enim separare hominem aduersus patrem suum et filiam
aduersus matrem suam et nurum aduersus 
socrum suam\) ic cwom for+ton to delanne vel sceadenne monnu
wi+d faeder his & dohter wi+d moder hire &
snore wi+d swegre hire.
<R 10.36>
(\et inimici hominis domistici eius\) & fiondas monnes higu
vel hine hiwen his.
<R 10.37>
(\Qui amat patrem aut matrem plus quam me non est me dignus
et qui amat filium aut filiam super me 
non est me dignus\) se+te lufa+d f+ader o+t+te moder swi+dor
+tonne me nis he me wyr+de vel meoduma & se+te lufia+t 
sunu o+t+te dohter ofer me nis he me wyr+de.
<R 10.38>
(\et qui non accipit crucem suam et sequatur me non est me
dignus\) & se+te ne genima+t rode his & fylge+t 
me nis se me wyr+de.
<R 10.39>
(\Qui inuenit animam suam perdet illam et qui perdiderit
animam suam pro me inueniet eam\) se+te gemoete 
saule vel ferh his forleose +t+at & se+te forleose+d ferh
his for mec he gemoete+t +t+at.
<R 10.40>
(\Qui recipit uos me recipit qui me recipit recipit eum qui
me missit\) se+te onfoe+d eow me onfoe+t se+te 
me onfoe+t he onfoe+d +t+am se+te me sende.
<R 10.41>
(\Qui recipit profetam in nomine profetae mercidem profetae
accipiet et qui recipit iustum in nomine 
iusti mercidem iusti accipiet\) se+te onfoe+t witgu in noman
witgu lean vel mearde witgu he onfoe+t &
se+te onfoe+t so+tfest in noman so+tfest lean so+tfestes he
onfoe+t.
<R 10.42>
(\et quicumque potum dederit uni ex minimis istis calicem
aquae frigide tantum in nomine discipuli 
amen dico uobis non perdet mercidem suam\) & swa hwa swa drync
sele+t anum l+asest +tiss+e c+alc fulne w+attres 
galdes efne in noman leornere so+t ic s+acge eow ne
forleose+t lean his.
<R 11.1>
(\Et factum est cum consummasset iesus uerba haec praecipiens
duodecim discipulis suis transit inde
ut doceret et praedicaret in ciuitatibus eorum\) & gelamp +ta
geendade se h+alend word +tas bebeodende 
twelfe his leorneras leorde +donan +t+at he l+arde & bodade in
c+astrum heora.
<P 91>
<R 11.2>
(\Iohannis autem cum audisset in uinculis opera christi
mittens duos de discipulis suis\) Iohannes +tonne 
geherende in bendum werc kristes gesende tw+agen
leorneras his.
<R 11.3>
(\ait illis euntes dicite tu es qui uenturus es an alium
exspectamus\) cw+a+t to heom f+ere+t s+ecga+t ar+tu 
se+te cwome scalt +te we o+tres bide+t.
<R 11.4>
(\et respondens ait illis iesus euntes renuntiate iohanni
quae audistis et uidetis\) & ondswarade cw+e+t 
to heom se h+alend g+a+t s+acga+t vel cy+ta+t iohannes
+t+at ge geherdun & +t+at ge segun.
<R 11.5>
(\caeci uident cludi ambulant leprosi mundantur et surdi
audiunt et mortui resurgunt pauperes euangelizantur\) 
blinde gesee+t halte ganga+t hreofe sindun
cl+ansade & deafe gehera+t & deade arisa+t +torfende 
godspell secga+t.
<R 11.6>
(\et beatus est qui in me non fuerit scandalizatus\) & eadig
is se+te in me ne bi+d geincfullad.
<R 11.7>
(\Abeuntibus autem illis coepit iesus dicere ad turbas de
iohanne baptiza quid existis in desertum 
uidere arundinem uento agitatem\) +ta eoden +tonan hie +ta
ingon se h+alend cwe+tan to +t+am menigu bi iohanne 
se fullwihtere forhwon eoden ge in w+astenne to geseenne 
read wind styred.
<R 11.8>
(\sed quid existis uidere hominem mollibus uestitum ecce qui
mollibus uestiuntur in domibus reguum 
sunt\) o+t+te forhwon eodun to geseonne monnu 
n+ascum hr+aglum gegearw+ad henu +ta +te n+ascum gegearwade
in husum kyninga sindun.
<R 11.9>
(\sed quid existis uidere profetam etiam uobis dico et plus
quam profeta\) o+t+te forhwon eoden ge to 
seenne witgu ic ek eow s+acge & mare +tonne witgu.
<R 11.10>
(\Hic est enim de quo scriptum est ecce ego mitto angelum
meum ante faciem tuam qui praeparabit uiam 
tuam ante te\) +tis is for+ton be +t+am +te awriten is henu
ic sende engel minne for +tinum ondwliota se
foregearwe+t weg +tinne beforan +te.
<R 11.11>
(\Amen dico uobis non surrexit inter natos mulierum maior
iohanne baptista qui autem minor est in regnum 
caelorum maior est illo\) so+t ic s+acge eow ne aras
betweon wifa bearnum mar+a iohanne +t+am b+azere 
se+te +tonne lessa is in heofuna rice se is him mare.
<R 11.12>
(\A diebus autem iohannis baptistae usque nunc regnum
caelorum uim patitur et uiuolenti rapiunt illud\) 
from dagum +tonne iohannes se b+azeres o+t +tis nu rice
heofunas m+agen +trowia+t & gerisa+t nedniomu +t+at.
<P 93>
<R 11.13>
(\Omnes enim profetae et lex usque ad iohannem
profetauerunt\) +te alle for+ton witgu & ae o+t iohannem
witgadun.
<R 11.14>
(\et si uultis percipere ipse est helias qui uenturus est\) &
gif ge willa+d andfoa he is se elias se+te 
cume scal.
<R 11.15>
(\qui habet aures audiendi audiat\) se+te h+abbe earan
gehernisse gehere.
<R 11.16>
(\Cui autem similem aestimabo generationem istam similis est
pueris sedentibus in foro qui clamantes 
coecalibus\) hw+am +tonne gelice ehtu ic cneorisse +tas
gelic is cnehtum sittende on prodbore +t+am +te 
clipende to heora gemeccum.
<R 11.17>
(\dicunt cecinimus uobis et non plancxisti\) cwe+ta+d we
sungan eow & ge ne weopun.
<R 11.18>
(\uenit enim iohannis neque manducans neque bibens et dicunt
ecce demonium habet\) cuom for+ton iohannes 
ne etende ne drincende & cw+a+ta+d henu deoful he
h+af+a+t.
<R 11.19>
(\uenit et filius hominis manducans et bibens et dicunt ecce
homo deuorator et potatur uini puplicanorum 
et peccatorum amicus et iustificata est sapientia a
filis suis\) cuom & sune monnes etende & drincende 
& cw+a+ta+d henu monn glenduende vel swelgande &
drincande wines g+afelgeroefena & firenfullra
freond & geso+tf+ested w+as snytru from bearnum heora.
<R 11.20>
(\Tunc coepit exprobrare ciuitatibus in quibus factae sunt
plurime uirtutes eius quia non egreserent 
penitentiam\) +ta ingonn +atwitan c+astrum in +d+am +de
geworhte w+arun +ta m+angistu m+agen his +te hi+a ne dydon 
hreuwniss+e.
<R 11.21>
(\ue tibi chorozain et ue tibi bethsaida quia si in thiro et
sidon+a factae fuissent uirtutes quae 
factae sunt in uobis olim in cylicio et cynere penitentiam
egissent\) wa +te chorazam & wa +te bethsaid+a 
for+ton +te +t+ar in tyro & sidone geworht werun m+agen +te
worht werun in eow Iara in wite & ascan hreuwnisse dydun.
<R 11.22>
(\Amen dico uobis thyro et sydoni remisius erit in die iudici
quam uobis\) so+t ic s+acge eow tiro & sidone 
forletendre bi+d in domd+age +tonne eow.
<P 95>
<R 11.23>
(\et tu cafarnauum numquid usque ad caelum exaltaberis usque
in infernum discendes quia si in sodomis 
factae fuissent uirtutes que factae sunt in te forte
mansissent usque in hunc diem\) & +du cafarnaum 
ah +tu o+d heofun bist ah+afen o+d helle +du nider astigest
for+don +te +t+ar in sodomingum worht were m+agen 
+ta worht werun in +de wen +te hi+a wunade o+d +tisne
d+ag.
<R 11.24>
(\uerumtamen dico uobis quia terrae sodomorum remissius erit
in die iudici quam tibi\) hwe+dre +tonne 
ic s+acge eow +t+at eor+de sodominga forletend+a bi+d in
domd+age +tonne +te.
<R 11.25>
(\in illo tempore respondens iesus dixit confiteor tibi pater
domine caeli et terrae quia abscondisti 
haec a sapientibus et prudentibus et reuelasti ea
paruulis\) in +ta tid ondwyrde se h+alend & cwe+t 
ic ondetu +te f+ader dryhten heofun+as & eor+de for+ton de +tu
ahyddest +tas from snottrum & for+donclum & 
onwrige hiae lytlum.
<R 11.26>
(\ita pater quia sic fuit placitum ante te\) swa f+ader
for+ton +de swa gelicade beforan +de.
<R 11.27>
(\Omnia mihi tradita sunt a patre meo et nemo nouit filium
nisi pater neque patrem quis nouit nisi 
filius et cui uoluerit filius reuelare\) all me sald sindun
from f+ader minum & n+anig con +tone sunu nym+te 
f+ader ne +tone f+ader hwa con nym+te se sunu & +d+am
+te wile se sunu onwrigan.
<R 11.28>
(\uenite ad me omnes qui laboratis et honorati estis et ego
reficiam uos\) cume+t to me alle ge +te winna+t 
& gebyrde sindun & ic gereorde eow.
<R 11.29>
(\tollite iugum meum super uos et discite a me quia mitis sum
et humilis corde et inuenietis requiem 
animabus uestris\) habba+t vel nima+t ioc min ofer eowic &
leornia+d +at me for+ton milde ic eam & eadmod 
heorte & ge gemoete+t r+aste saulum eowrum.
<R 11.30>
(\iugum enim meum suaue est et honus meum leue est\) ioc
for+ton min wynsum is & byr+den min liht is.
<P 97>
<R 12.1>
(\In illo tempore abiit iesus per sata sabbato
discipuli autem eius essurientes coeperunt uellere 
spicas et manducare\) in +ta tid eode se h+elend +turh
acras on r+asted+age leorneras +ta his hyngrede 
ongunnon hriopan +achir & eton.
<R 12.2>
(\farissei autem uidentes dixerunt ei ecce discipuli tui
faciunt sabbatis quod non licet eis facere\) 
fariss+ais +ta ges+agon cwedun to him henu discipulas +tine
doa+t on restedagum +t+at nis alefed heom to
doanne.
<R 12.3>
(\ille autem dixit eis non legistis quid fecerit dauid
quando esurit et qui cum eo erant\) he +ta 
cwe+d to heom ah ge hreorde+t hw+at dyde daui+d +ta hine
hyngrede & +ta +te mid him w+eron.
<R 12.4>
(\quomodo intrauit in domum dei et panes propossitionis
comedit quos non licebat ei comedere neque 
his qui cum eo erant nisi solis sacerdotibus\) hu he eode in
hus gode & hlaf for+dsetennisse et +ta +te
ne w+as gel+afed vel ne byrede him to etanne ne +t+am +te mid
him w+aron nym+te anum sacerdum.
<R 12.5>
(\Aut non legistis in lege quia sabbatis sacerdotes in templo
sabbatum uiolant et sine crimine sunt\) 
o+t+t ne reorda+t in ae +t+at on rested+agum sacerdes in
templ +ta r+asted+age wemma+t & butan hehsynne syndon.
<R 12.6>
(\dico autem uobis quia templo maior est hic\) ic s+acge
+tonne eow +t+at templ mara is her.
<R 12.7>
(\si autem scieritis quid est missericordiam uolo et non
sacrificium numquam condemnasetis innocentes\) 
+t+ar ge +tonne wiston hw+at +t+at is mildheortnisse ic
wille & no as+agdnisse n+afre ge ni+drade +ta unsce+t+dende.
<R 12.8>
(\dominus est enim etiam sabbati filius hominis\) drihten is
for+ton ge ec gerested+ages sunu monnes.
<R 12.9>
(\Et cum inde transiset uenit in sinagogam eorum\) & +ta he
+tonan geliorde cuom in somnunge heora.
<P 99>
<R 12.10>
(\et homo erat ibi manum habens aridam et interrogabant eum
dicentes siliciet sabbatis curare ut accussarint 
eum\) & mon w+as +d+ar honda h+abbende adrugade &
hie frugan vel ahsadun hine cwe+tende mot monn 
on restedagum h+alon +t+at hie cw+amdon vel acuste hine.
<R 12.11>
(\ipse autem dixit illis quis erit ex uobis homo qui habeat
ouem unam et si ceciderit haec in foueam 
sabbatis nonne tenebit eam et leuauit\) he +ta cw+a+t to
heom hwilc bi+d eower monn se+te h+abbe scep an
& gif fealle+t +t+at in sea+t vel pytt on rested+agum ah he
ne genime+t hine & ahefe+t.
<R 12.12>
(\quanto magis melior est homo oue itaque licet sabbatis bene
facere\) hu miccle mae vel swi+dor bettra 
is monn +tonne scep for+ton is alefed on restedagum god to
doanne.
<R 12.13>
(\tunc ait homini extende manum tuam et extendit manum suam 
et restituta est ei sanitati sicut altera\) +ta cw+a+t
he to +t+am menn a+tene hond+a +tine & he a+tenede honda his
& agefen w+as +t+em h+alo swa siu o+teru.
<R 12.14>
(\et euntes autem farissei consilium faciebant aduersus eum
quomodo eum perderent\) & utgangende +ta 
fariseas ge+tehtunge dydun wi+d hine hu hie hine ofslean
sculdon.
<R 12.15>
(\Iesus autem sciens secessit inde et sequti sunt eum multi
et curabat eos omnes\) se h+alend +ta wiste 
gewat +tonan & folgadun hine monige & he geh+alde +ta ealle.
<R 12.16>
(\et praecipit eis ne manifestum eum facerent\) & bebead heom
+t+at hi+a ne gecu+dne vel ewisade hine dydun.
<R 12.17>
(\ut adinpleretur quod dictum est per esaiam profetam
dicentem\) +t+atte gefylled w+are +t+at acwedan w+as
+turh esaias +tone witgan cwe+tende.
<R 12.18>
(\ecce puer meus quem elegi dilectus meus in quo bene
conplacuit anima mea ponam spiritum meum super 
eum et iudicium gentibus nuntiabit\) henu cneht min +tone ic
geceas se leofa min in +t+am wel gelicade 
saule mine ic sette gast minne ofer hine & he doeme+d
+teodum s+age+t.
<R 12.19>
(\non contendet neque clamabit neque audiet aliquis uocem
eius in plateis\) ne flite+t ne he ne cliopa+t 
ne gehera+d n+anig stemn his on wor+dum.
<P 101>
<R 12.20>
(\arundinem quassatam non confringet et linum fumigans non
extinguet donec eiciat ad uictoriam in iudicium\) 
hread +t+at wagende ne tobrece+t & fl+ax vel lin
smikende ne adw+ascet o+t +t+at ut asende+t to sigor in dome.
<R 12.21>
(\et in nomine eius gentes sperabunt\) & in noman his +teode
hyhta+t.
<R 12.22>
(\Tunc oblatus est ei homo demonium habens caecus et mutus
surdus et curauit eum ita ut loqueretur 
et uideret et audiret\) +ta gebroht w+as him monn deofulseoke
he w+as blind & dumb & deaf & +ta geh+alde 
hine & swa +t+at he sprec & ges+ah & gehoerde.
<R 12.23>
(\Et stupebant omnes turbae et dicebant numquid hic est
filius dauid\) & wundradun alle +ta menigu & 
cw+adon ah cwe+test +tu +tis sie sunu daui+des.
<R 12.24>
(\farisei autem audientes dixerunt hic non eicit demones nisi
in belzebul principe demoniorum\) fariseas 
+ta gehoerende cwedun +tes ne awoerpe+t deoful nym+te in
belzebub +t+at is aldor deofla.
<R 12.25>
(\Iesus autem sciens cogitationes eorum dixit eis omne regnum
diuissum contra se desolabitur et omnis 
ciuitas uel domus diuissa contra se non stabit\) se helend
+ta witende +tohtas heora cwe+t to heom +aghwilc 
rice ged+eled wi+d him seolfum awoested bi+t & +aghwilc
c+astre o+t+ta hus ged+aled wi+d him seolfum ne stonde+t.
<R 12.26>
(\si enim satanas satanan eiecit aduersus se diuissus est
quomodo ergo stabit regnum eius\) & gif +tonne 
wi+derweard se wi+terwear+d utweorpe+t wi+d him seolfum
ged+aled he is hu +tonne stonde+t rice his.
<R 12.27>
(\et si ego in belzebul eiecio demones filii uestri in quo
eiciunt ideo ipsi erunt iudices uestri\) 
& gif ic +tonne in belzebub utwyrpe deoful bearn eowre in
hw+am awyrpe+t for+ton hi+e beo+t doeme eowre.
<R 12.28>
(\si autem in spiritu dei ego eicio demones igitur peruenit
in uos regnum dei\) gif +tonne in gaste godes 
ic utwyrpe deoful +tonne vel cu+tlice becyme+t in eow
rice godes.
<R 12.29>
(\aut quomodo quis potest intrare in domum fortis et uassa
eius diripere nisi prius alligauerit fortem 
et tunc domum illius eripiet\) o+t+ta hu +anig m+ag gangan
in huse stronges & fatu his tobregdan nym+te 
+ar gebinda+t se stronge & +tonne hus his tobr+egde+t.
<R 12.30>
(\Qui enim non est mecum contra me est et qui non congregat
mecum spargit\) se+te +tonne nis mid mec wi+d 
me is & se+te ne somna+t mec se stence+t.
<P 103>
<R 12.31>
(\ideo dico uobis omne peccatum et blasfemia remittetur
hominibus spiritus blasfemia non dimittetur\) 
for+ton ic s+acge eow +aghwilc synne & efulsung vel bi+t
forleten monnum gastes efalsung ne bi+d forleten.
<R 12.32>
(\et quicumque dixerit uerbum aduersus filium hominis
remittetur ei qui autem dixerit contra spiritum 
sanctum non remittetur ei neque in hoc saeculo neque in
futuro\) & swa hw+alc swa cwe+ta+t word wi+t 
sunu monnes forleten bi+d +t+am se+te +tonne cwe+ta+t wi+d
gaste +t+am halgum ne bi+t forleten +t+am ne in +disse
weorlde ne in +t+are towarde.
<R 12.33>
(\Aut facite arborem bonam et fructum eius bonum aut facite
arborem malam et fructum eius malum si 
quidem ex fructu arbor agnoscetur\) o+t+te wyrce+t treow god &
westem his godne o+t+te wyrce+t treuw yfel 
& westem his yfelne for+ton +te of westem bi+d treow ongeten.
<R 12.34>
(\progenies uiperarum quomodo potestis bona loqui cum sitis
mali ex abundantia enim cordis os loquitur\) 
ge cynn nedrana hu magun ge god sprecan nu nu ge yfle
sindun of nyhtnisse for+ton heorta mu+d spreoca+t.
<R 12.35>
(\Bonus enim homo de bono thesauro cordis sui profert bona et
malus homo de malo thesauro cordis sui 
profert mala\) god monn of godum horde heorta his bere+t god
& yfel monn of yfle horde heorta his bere+t yfel.
<R 12.36>
(\Dico autem uobis quoniam omne uerbum [{otiosum{] quod locuti
fuerint homines in die iudici reddent de
eo rationem\) ic s+acge +tonne eow +t+at +agwilc word unnytt
+tara +te gesprecan beo+tan menn in d+ag domes 
hie ageofa+t bi +t+am reht.
<R 12.37>
(\ex uerbis enim tuis iustificaberis et ex uerbis tuis
condempnaberis\) of wordum for+ton +tinum +tu bist 
geso+tf+asted & of wordum +tinum +tu bist ni+drad.
<R 12.38>
(\Tunc responderunt ei quidam de scribis et fariseis dicentes
magister uolumus a te signum uidere\) 
+ta ondswaradun him sumne bokere & fariseas cw+a+tende lareu
we willa+t from +te tacen geseon.
<R 12.39>
(\Qui respondens eis ait generatio mala et adultera signum
querit et signum non dabitur ei nisi signum 
ionae profet+a\) he ondswarade heom cwe+t cneorisse yfel &
forlegene tacen soecet & taken ne bi+d sald 
him nym+te tacen Ionas se witga.
<P 105>
<R 12.40>
(\sicut enim fuit ionas in uentre caeti tribus diebus et
tribus noctibus sic erit filius hominis tribus 
diebus et tribus noctibus in corde terrae\) swa swa
for+ton w+as Ione in wombe +t+as hwales +treo dagas 
& +treo niht swa bi+d sunu monnes +treo daga & +treo n+aht
in heorte eor+de.
<R 12.41>
(\uiri ninuitae surgent in iudicio cum generatione ista et
condempnabunt eam quia penitentiam egerunt 
in praedicatione ionae et ecce plus hic quam iona\) weras
mennisce arisa+t in dom+a mi+d cneorisse +tas 
& ni+driga+d hi+a for+ton +te hreunisse dydon in lare Ionas
& henu mara is her +tonne ionas.
<R 12.42>
(\regina austri surget in iudicio cum generatione ista et
condempnabit eam quia uenit a finibus terrae 
audire sapientiam solomonis et ecce plus hic quam 
solomon\) d+ales vel cwaen su+tan cuom arise+d in 
dom+a mi+d cneorisse +tas & ni+dra+d hi+a for+ton +te hiu cuom
from ende eor+de to geheranne snyttro salomones 
& henu mara is her +tonne salomonn.
<R 12.43>
(\Cum autem exierit spiritus inmundus ab homine ambulat per
loca arida querens requiam et non inuenit\) 
+tonne utgae+t gast unklene of menn he g+a+t +turh stowe
dryge soecende reste & ne gemoete+t.
<R 12.44>
(\tunc dicit reuertar in domum meam unde exiui et ueniens
inuenit eam uacantem scopis mundatam et ornatam\) 
+tonne cw+e+t ic wille eft wendan in hus min +tonan
+te ic uteode & cumende gemoete+t hit emetig 
aswopen cl+ane & gefr+etwad.
<R 12.45>
(\tunc uadit et adsumit secum septem alios spiritos nequiores
se et intrantes habitant ibi et fiant
nouissima illius hominis peiora prioribus sic erit et
generationi huic pessim+a\) +tonne g+a+t & genime+t 
mi+d him siofun o+tre gastes wyrse +tonne he & ingangende
eardiga+t +d+ar & weor+da+t +te ytm+aste d+ag +t+as
monnes wyrse +tonne +ta erran swa bi+d ec & cneorisse +tas
wyrresta.
<R 12.46>
(\Adhuc eo loquente ad turbas ecce mater eius et fratres
foris stabant querentes loqui ei\) +tende he 
+ta spr+ec to +t+am mengum henu moder his & bro+ter ut+a
stodan soecende +t+at sprece wi+d him.
<R 12.47>
(\dixit autem ei quidam ecce mater tua et fratres tui foris
stant querentes te\) cw+a+t +ta to him sum 
monn henu moder +tin & bro+der +tin ute stonda+t soecende +te.
<P 107>
<R 12.48>
(\at ipse respondens dicenti sibi aitque est mater mea et
fratres mei qui sunt\) he sylfe ondwyrde to 
+t+am soecende & cw+a+t hwelc is moder min & bro+ter mine
hwilce syndun.
<R 12.49>
(\et extendens manum in discipulos suo dixit ecce mater mea
et fratres mei\) & a+tenende hond in leornerum 
his cw+a+t henu moder min & bro+ter min.
<R 12.50>
(\quicumque fecerit uoluntatem patris mei qui in caelis est
ipse meus et frater et soror et mater est\) 
swa hwa swa wyrce+t willan f+ader mines +te in heofunum
is se min ge bro+ter & swuster & moder is.
<R 13.1>
(\In illo die exiens iesus de domu sedebat secus mare\) on
+t+am d+age gangende se h+alend of huse ges+at
bi s+ae.
<R 13.2>
(\et congregatae sunt ad eum turbae ita ut in nauicula
ascendens sederet et omnis turbae stabat in 
litore\) & gesomnadun to him mengu swa +t+at he on scipe
astigende gesett & all seo mengu stod on wara+te.
<R 13.3>
(\et locutus est eis multa in parbolis dicens ecce exit qui
seminat seminare\) & he sprec to heom feola 
in gelicnissum cwe+tende henu ut eode se sawend to
sawenne.
<R 13.4>
(\et dum seminat quaedam ciciderunt secus uiam et uenerunt
uolucres caeli et comederunt ea\) & +ta he
seow sume gefeollun bi w+age & cuomun fuglas heofun &
fr+atun +t+at.
<R 13.5>
(\alii autem ciciderunt in petrosa ubi non habebant terram
multam et continuo exorta sunt quia non 
habebant altitudinem terrae\) o+tere +tonne gefeollon on
stanig lond +t+ar ne h+efde eor+de miccle & hr+a+te 
cuomun upp for+ton +te hie n+afdon heanisse eor+de.
<R 13.6>
(\sole autem ortu estuauerunt et qui non habebant radicem
aruerunt\) sunne +ta upp cuom hatedun & for+ton 
+te hie n+efdun [{wyrtryme{] forwisnadun.
<R 13.7>
(\alia autem ciciderunt in spinas et creuerunt spin+a et
suffocauerunt ea\) sume +tonne gefetun in +tornas 
& wexon +ta +tornas & smoradun hi+a.
<P 109>
<R 13.8>
(\alia uero ciciderunt in terram bonam et dabant fructum
aliud c aliud lx aliud xxx\) Sume +tonne gefetun 
on eor+de gode & saldun w+astem sume hundteontig sume
sextig sume +tritig.
<R 13.9>
(\qui habet aures audiendi audiat\) se+te h+abbe eara
gehernesse gehere.
<R 13.10>
(\et accedentes discipuli eius dixerunt quare in parabulis
loqueris eis\) & gangende to him +ta leorneras 
his cw+adun forhwon in gelicnissum spreces +tu heom.
<R 13.11>
(\qui respondens ait illis quia uobis datum est nosse
misteria regni caelorum illis autem non est datum\) 
he +ta onswarade cw+e+t to heom for+ton +te eow sald is
gecunnan geryne rice heofuna heom +tonne ne
is sald.
<R 13.12>
(\Qui enim habet dabitur ei et abundabit qui autem non habet
et quod habet auferatur ab eo\) se+te +tonne 
h+af+t sald bi+d him & genyhtsuma+t se+te +tonne ne h+af+d
ge +t+at he [{h+af+d{] afirred bi+d him.
<R 13.13>
(\Ideo in parabulis loquor eis quia uidentes non uident et
audientes non audiunt neque intellegunt\)
for+ton in gelicnissum ic sprece heom +te hie geseende ne
geseo+t & geherende ne gehoera+t ne ongeota+d.
<R 13.14>
(\ut adinpleretur eis profetia esaiae dicentis auditu
audietis et non intellegitis et uidentes uidebitis 
et non uidebitis\) +t+at sie gefylled heom witigdom
esaias cwe+tende mid gehernisse ge gehera+d & 
ne ongeta+t & geseende gesea+t & ne geseo+t.
<R 13.15>
(\incrasatum est enim cor populi huius et auribus suis
grauiter audierunt et oculos suos clusserunt
ne quando uideant oculis et auribus audiant et corde
intellegant et conuertantur et sane illos\) gef+atted 
is for+ton heorte folkes +tisses & earum heora
hefiglice geherdun & egu heora fortyndon +tyles 
hie hwanne geseo egum & earan geheran & heorte ongeton &
gecerrede & ic h+alo hiae.
<R 13.16>
(\Uestri autem beati oculi qui uident et aures uestre quae
audiunt\) eower +tonne eadige ege +te hi+a 
geseo+d & earan eowre +te hi+a gehera+d.
<P 111>
<R 13.17>
(\amen dico uobis quia multi profetae et iusti cupierunt
uidere quae uidetis et non uiderunt que auditis 
et non audierunt et audire\) so+t ic s+acge eow for+ton
monige witgu & so+tfeste wilnadun +t+at geseon 
+ta +te geseo+t & ne gesegon & gehera +ta +te ge [{hoeres{]
& ne [{geherdon{] .
<R 13.18>
(\Uos ergo audite parabulam seminantis\) ge for+ton gehera+d
gelicnisse +t+as sawendes.
<R 13.19>
(\omnis enim qui audit uerbum regni et non intellegit uenit
malignus et rapuit quod seminatum est in 
corde eius hic est qui seminatus est secus uiam\) +aghwilc
+tara +te gehera+d word rices & ne ongeta+t 
cym+t se w+argad & gerise+d +t+atte sawen w+as in heorte his
+t+at is se+te sawen w+as bi w+age.
<R 13.20>
(\qui autem supra petrosa seminatus est hic est qui audit
uerbum et continuo cum gaudio accipit illud\) 
se+te +tonne on +ta stanige lond gesauwen w+as +t+at is
se+te gehere+t word & hra+de mid gefea onfoeh+t +t+am.
<R 13.21>
(\non habet in se radicem sed est temporalis facta autem
tribulatione et perse propter uerbum continuo 
scandalizatur\) ne h+afe+t +tonne in him wyrtryma ah is
wilen geworden +tonne swincnisse & oehtnisse
for +t+am wordum hra+de ondspurnisse +trowa+d.
<R 13.22>
(\qui autem in spinis seminatus est hic est qui uerbum audit
et solicitudo saeculi istius et fallacia 
diuitiarum suffocauit uerbum et sine fructu efficitur\)
se+te +tonne in +dornum gesauwen w+as +t+at is 
se+te word gehere+t & behygdnis weorulde +tisse & lygnisse
weolan asmora+t +t+at word & butan westemleas geweor+d+ad.
<R 13.23>
(\qui uero in terram bonam seminatus est hic est qui audit
uerbum et intellegit et fructum adfert et 
facit aliud quidem centissimum aliud sexagissimum porro
aliud tricissimum\) se+te +tonne in eor+de godne 
gesauwen w+as +t+at is se+te gehere+d word & ongete+d &
westem for+d bere+t & wyrce+t sume +tonne vel eowic 
hundteontig sume sextig sume +tritig.
<R 13.24>
(\Aliam parabulam possuit illis dicens simile est regnum
caelorum homini qui seminauit bonum semen 
in agro suo\) o+ter gelicnisse gesette vel ges+agde heom
cw+a+tende gelic is rice heofunas menn +d+am +te seow 
god sed on lond his.
<P 113>
<R 13.25>
(\cum autem dormierunt homines uenit inimicus eius et
superseminauit zizania in medio tritici et abit\) 
+ta hie so+tlice sleptun +ta menn cuom feond his &
oferseow weod in midle +t+as hw+ates & him aweg eode.
<R 13.26>
(\cum autem creuisset haerba et fructum fecisset tunc
apparuit zizania\) +ta so+tlice weox se brord & 
westem dyde +ta +ateawde ek +ta weod.
<R 13.27>
(\et accedentes autem serui ad patrem familias dixerunt ei
domine nonne bonum semen seminasti in agro 
tuo unde ergo habet zizania\) & cumende +ta esnas to f+ader
+tas heoredes cwedun to him drihten no +tu 
god sed geseowe on lond +tin hwonan +tonne h+af+d hit +t+at
weod.
<R 13.28>
(\et ait illis inimicus homo hoc fecit dixerunt autem ei
serui uisimus et colligimus ea\) & cwe+t to 
heom unhold monn +t+at gedyde cwedun +ta him esnas wiltu we
g+an & gesomnige hi+a.
<R 13.29>
(\et ait eis non ne forte colligentes zizania eradicetis
simul cum eis et triticum\) & cwe+t to heom 
nic +tyles gesomnende +ta weod aluc+a somed mi+d +d+am & ek
+tone hwete.
<R 13.30>
(\sed sinite utraque crescere usque ad missem et in tempore
messis dicam messoribus meis colligite 
primum zizania et alligate ea fasciculo ad comburendum
triticum autem congregate in orreum meum\)
ah lete+t begen wexan o+t+te to ripe & in tid ripes ic cwe+de
to riftrum minum gesomnig+a+t arest +ta weod 
& gebinde+t hi+a sceafum to beornane hwete +tonne
gesomniga+t in berern mine.
<R 13.31>
(\Aliam parabulam propossuit eis dicens simile est regnum
caelorum grano sinapis quod accipiens homo
seminauit in agro suo\) o+ter gelicnisse s+agde heom
cwe+tende gelic is rice heofunas corne sinapis +t+at 
genimende mon seow on londe his.
<R 13.32>
(\quod minimum quidem est omnibus seminibus cum autem
creuerit maius est omnibus holeribus et fit arbor 
ita ut uolucres caeli ueniant et habitant in ramis eius\)
+t+at l+asest +tonne is alra seda & hit +tonne 
wexe+t mara is wyrtum & gewyr+d treow swa +t+at fluglas
heofun cuma+t & eardiga+d in telgrum his.
<R 13.33>
(\Aliam parabulam locutus est eis dicens simile est regnum
caelorum fermento quod acceptum mulier abscondit 
in farina satis tribus donec fermentatum est totum\)
o+ter gelicnisse sprec to heom cwe+tende
gelic is rice heofunas beorma +tonne genimende wif gehydde in
melw+as mittum +drim o+t+t+at gebeormad w+as all.
<P 115>
<R 13.34>
(\Haec omnia locutus est ad turbas in parabulis et sine
parabulis non loquebatur eis\) +tas all sprec
h+alend to m+angum in gelicnissum & butan gelicnissum ne
sprec he to heom.
<R 13.35>
(\ut adinpleretur quod dictum est per esaiam profetam
dicentem aperiam in parabulis os meum eructabo 
qui absconsa erant a constitutione mundi\) +t+at gefylled
w+ere +t+atte gecweden w+as +turh esaias +tone
witgu cwe+tende ic ontyno in gelicnissum mu+d minne roketto
for+d vel bilketto for+d +ta +te ahyded werun 
from setnisse middangeardes.
<R 13.36>
(\Tunc demissis turbis uenit in domum et accesserunt ad eum
discipuli eius dicentes dissere nobis parabulam 
tritici et zezaniorum agri\) +ta forletende +ta mengu
cuom in huse & eodun to him leorneras his 
cw+a+tende arecce us +ta gelicnisse hw+ate & weode londes.
<R 13.37>
(\qui respondens ait qui seminat bonum semen filius hominis
est\) he +ta ondswarede & cw+a+t se+te sauwe+t 
god sed sunu monnes +t+at is.
<R 13.38>
(\ager autem hic mundus bonum uero semen hii sunt filii regni
zezania autem filii sunt nequam\) +t+at 
lond +tonne is middangeard +t+at gode wiotudlice se+ed sindun
bearn rices +ta weod +tonne bearn syndon +ta
n+anegu.
<R 13.39>
(\inimicus autem qui seminauit ea est diabulus messis uero
consummatio saeculi est messores autem angeli 
sunt\) se fiond +tonne se+te seow hi+a is deoful +ta rip
+tonne endunge weorulde is +ta riftra +tonne
englas [{syndun{] .
<R 13.40>
(\si ergo colliguntur zezania et igni conburentur sic erit in
consummatione saeculi\) swa beo+t gesomnad 
+ta weod & fyre forberned swa bi+d in endunge weorulde.
<R 13.41>
(\mittet filius hominis angelos suos et colligent de regno
eius omnia scandala et eos qui faciunt iniquitatem\) 
sende+t sunu monnes englas his & hi+a asomniga+t
of rice his all geswicu & +ta fremmende unreht.
<R 13.42>
(\et mittet eos in caminum ignis ardentis illic erit fletus
et stridor dentium\) & sende+t +ta in ofne
fyres beornende +t+ar bi+d wop & gristbitung to+ta.
<R 13.43>
(\tunc iusti fulgebant sicut sol in regno patris eorum qui
habet aures audiendi audiat\) +tanne +ta so+tfeste 
scina+t swa swa sunne in rice fader heora se+te h+abbe
earan gehernisse geho+are.
<P 117>
<R 13.44>
(\Simile est regnum caelorum thesauro abscondito in agro quem
qui inuenit homo abscondit et prae gaudio 
illius uadit et uendit omnia quae habuit et emit agrum
illum\) gelic is rice heofunas goldhorde 
gehyded in eor+de +t+am se+te finde+t +te monn ahyde+t & for
gefea his g+a+t & bebygi+d vel sella+t all +t+at he
h+afe+t & bygi+t lond +t+at.
<R 13.45>
(\iterum simile est regnum caelorum homini negotiatori
querenti bonas margaretas\) eft gelic is rice
heofunas menn ceape sohte gode ercnanstanas.
<R 13.46>
(\inuenta autem una margareta praetiosa abiit et uendidit
uniuersa quae habuit et emit eam\) & gemoetend 
+ta +anne ercnastan diorwyr+de eode & salde eall +t+at he
h+afde & gebohte +tanne.
<R 13.47>
(\iterum simile est regnum caelorum sagine misae in mari ex
omni genere piscium congreganti\) eft gelic 
is rice heofunas nett asendun in sae & of +aghwilce cynne
fisca +t+at somnendum.
<R 13.48>
(\cumque inplete essent ducentes et secus litus sedentes
elegerunt bonos in uassa malos autem misserunt 
foras\) +ta hit gefylled w+as uppteonde & bi wara+de
gesittende gecuron +ta gode in fatu +ta yfle +tonne 
sendun ut.
<R 13.49>
(\sic erit in consummatione saeculi exibunt angeli et
separabunt malos de medio iustorum\) swa bi+d in 
endunge weoruldes & +tonne g+a+t englas & asceade+t yfle of
midle so+dfestra.
<R 13.50>
(\et mittent eos in caminum ignis ibi erit fletus et stridor
dentium\) & senda+t hi+a in ofn fyres +t+er
bi+d wop & gristbitung to+ta.
<R 13.51>
(\intellegitis haec omnia dicunt ei etiam domine\) ongeta+t
ge +tas eall cwedun hie la drihten.
<R 13.52>
(\ait illis ideo omnis scriba doctus in regno caelorum
similis homini patrifamilias qui profert de 
thesauro suo noua et uetera\) cwe+t to heom for+ton +aghwilc
bokere gel+ared in rice heofunas is gelic menn 
f+ader hina +t+am +te for+dbere+d of goldhord his +ta
neowe & +ta ealde.
<R 13.53>
(\et factum est cum consummasset iesus parabulas istas
transit\) & gelamp +ta geendade se h+alend gelicnisse;
+tas foerde +tonan.
<R 13.54>
(\Et ueniens in patriam suam docebat eos in sinagogis eorum
ita ut mirarentur et dicerent unde huic
sapientia et uirtutes\) & cuom in oe+tel his gel+arde hi+a in
gesomnungum heora swa +t+at hi+a wundradun 
& cweden hwonan +tissum +tas snottre & m+agen.
<P 119>
<R 13.55>
(\nonne hic est fabri filius ioseph nonne dicitur maria mater
eius et fratres eius iacobus et iohannis 
et simon et iudas\) ah +tis nis smi+des sunu iosep ah ne
hatte maria moder his & bro+ter his iacob 
& iohannes & simon & iudas.
<R 13.56>
(\et sorores eius nonne omnes apud nos sunt unde ergo huic
omnia ista\) & sw+aster his ah ne ealle mi+d 
us sindon hwonan sindun +tissum all +tas.
<R 13.57>
(\et scandalizabantur in eo iesus autem dicit non est
prof+ata sine honore nisi in patria sua et in 
domu sua\) & ondspurniss+e +trowadun in him se helend +ta 
cw+e+t nis witga butan are nym+te in oe+tel his &
in hus his.
<R 13.58>
(\et ideo non fecit ibi uirtutes multas propter
incredulitatem eorum\) & for+ton ne worhte +t+ar m+agen 
monige for ungeleafa heora.
<R 14.1>
(\In illo tempore audiuit herodis tetrarcha famam iesu\) in
+ta tid gehoerde herodes tetrarcha hlisa se h+alend.
<R 14.2>
(\et ait pueris suis numquid hic est iohannis babtista quem
decolaui ipse surrexit a mortuis et ideo 
uirtutes operantur in eo\) & cwe+t to +d+agnum his ah +tis
is iohannes se baezere +te ic heht heawan he
aras from dea+de & for+ton m+agen sindun worht in him.
<R 14.3>
(\herodis enim tenuit iohannem et alligauit eum et possuit in
carcerem propter erodiadem uxorem fratris 
sui pilippi\) herodes for+ton genom iohannes & gebond
hine & sette in carcern for herodiadi wif 
bro+ter his philippes.
<R 14.4>
(\dicebat enim non licet tibi habere eam\) s+agde him for+ton
iohannes nis alefed +de to habbanne hire.
<R 14.5>
(\et uolens eum occidere timuit populum quia sicut profetam
eum habebant\) & wolde hine ofslean ondreord 
him +t+at folc for+ton swa swa witgu hine h+afdun.
<R 14.6>
(\Die autem natalis herodis saltauit filia herodiadis in
medio triclinio et placuit herodi\) on d+ag 
+ta gebyrde herode pleagade dohter +tara herodiade in midle &
licade herodes.
<P 121>
<R 14.7>
(\unde cum iuramento pollicitus est ei dare quodcumque
postulasset ab eo\) +ta mi+d a+te geheht +t+at hire 
salde swa hw+at swa hiu bede hine.
<R 14.8>
(\at illa pr+amonita a matre sua inquid da mihi in disco
capud iohannis babtistae\) & hiu gemonade from 
moder hire cwe+d her sele me on disce heafod iohannes se
bezere.
<R 14.9>
(\et contristatus rex propter iuramentum autem et eos qui
pariter recumbebant cum eo iusit dari\) & 
w+as geunrotsed se cyning for +t+am a+te +tonne & +d+am +te
+atg+edre hleonudun mi+d him heht sellan.
<R 14.10>
(\misitque et decolauit iohannem in carcere\) & sende &
ofslog iohannes in carcerne.
<R 14.11>
(\et allatum est capud eius in disco et datum est puellae et
puella dedit matri suae\) & broht w+as heafud 
his on disce & sald w+as +t+am m+agden & +t+at m+agden
b+er vel salde moder hire.
<R 14.12>
(\et accedentes discipuli eius tollerunt corpus eius et
sepellerunt illud et uenientes nuntiauerunt
iesu\) & cumende leorneras his genomun lichoma his &
bebyrgedun hit & cumende cyddun vel s+agdun se
helend.
<R 14.13>
(\Quod cum audisset iesus secessit inde in nauiculam in locum
desertum seorsum et cum audissent turbae 
saecutae sunt eum pedestres de ciuitatibus\) +ta +t+at +ta
geherde se helend gewat +tonan on scipe in stowe 
woesten sundor & +t+at geherende mengu folgedun him on
foe+de of c+astrum.
<R 14.14>
(\et exiens uidit turbam multam et misertus est eis et
curauit languido se orsum\) & he utgangande ges+ah 
mengu miccle & [{ondmilsade{] +t+are & gehelde untryme
sundor vel heora.
<R 14.15>
(\Uespere autem facto accesserunt ad eum discipuli eius
dicentes desertus est locus hic et hora iam
pr+ateriit demitte turbas ut euntes in castella emant sibi
escas\) on efen +tonne geworden eodun to him 
leorneras his cwe+tende woestig is stowe +teos & tid vel
hwil for+d gewat forlet +tas mengu +t+at hi+e 
gangende in c+astre gebycge heom mete.
<R 14.16>
(\iesus autem dixit illis non habent necessire adeuntes date
illis uos manducare\) se helend +ta cw+a+t
to heom nabba+t hi+e +tearfe to gangenne sella heom ge etan.
<P 123>
<R 14.17>
(\responderunt ei non habemus hic nisi u panes et duos
pisces\) he andswaredun him nabba+t we her nym+te 
fif hlafes & twegen fiscas.
<R 14.18>
(\qui ait illis adferte illos mihi huc\) he +ta cwe+t to heom
gebringa+t +ta me hider.
<R 14.19>
(\et cum iussiset turbam discumbere super fenum acceptis u
panibus et duobus piscibus aspiciens in 
caelum benedixit et fregit et dedit discipulis suis panes
discipuli autem turbis\) & heht +ta mengu gesittan 
on hoeg & genom +ta fif hlafas & tw+agen fiscas &
locande in heofun bledsade & br+ec & salde leorneras 
his +ta hlafes leorneras +ta mengu.
<R 14.20>
(\et manducauerunt omnes et saturati sunt et tullerunt
reliquias xii cofinos fragmentorum plenos\) &
etun alle & fulle wyrdun & genoman +ta hlafe tw+alf monde
+tara gebroca fulle.
<R 14.21>
(\manducantium autem fuit numerus u milia uirorum exceptis
mulieribus et paruulis\) etendra +tara +tonne 
w+arun getala fif +tusen+d weora ek vel butan wifum &
cnehtum.
<R 14.22>
(\Et statim iusit discipulos suos ascendere in nauiculam et
praecedere eum trans fretum donec ipse 
demitteret turbas\) & sona heht leorneras his astigan on scipe
& for+dfere hine ofer sae o+t +t+at he forlet +ta mengu.
<R 14.23>
(\Et demisa turba ascendit in montem solus orare uespere
autem facto solus erat ibi\) & +ta forlet +tara 
mengu astag on dune ane him gebiddan efen +ta vel geworden
he ane w+as +d+er.
<R 14.24>
(\nauicula autem in medio mari iactabatur fluctibus erat
autem illis uentus contrarius\) +t+at scip +tonne 
on middum sae w+as worpen y+tum w+as for+ton heom wind
[{wi+derweard{] .
<R 14.25>
(\quarta autem uigilia noctis uenit ad eos iesus ambulans
supra mare\) feor+te +t+are wacone n+ahtes cuom 
to heom se helend gangende ofer +tone s+ae.
<R 14.26>
(\et uidentes eum supra mare ambulantem turbati sunt dicentes
quia fantasma est et prae timore clamauerunt\) 
& gesegun hine ofer +tone sae gangandne gedryfed
werun in mode cwe+tende +te +t+at scinlac w+are
& for +agsa cliopadun.
<R 14.27>
(\et continuo quae iesus locutus est eis dicens habete
fiduciam ego sum nolite timere\) & sona se helend 
sprec to heom cw+e+tende habba+t b+eldu ic hit eam ne
forhta+t ge.
<P 125>
<R 14.28>
(\Respondens autem petrus ei et dixit domine si tu es iube me
uenire ad te super aquas\) ondswarede 
+ta petrus him & cw+a+t drihten gif +tu +t+at si+e hat mec cume
to +te ofer +t+at w+ater.
<R 14.29>
(\Et ipse ait ueni et discendiens petrus de nauicula
ambulabat super aquam ut ueniret ad iesum\) & he 
cw+a+t cum & astigende petrus of +t+am scipe eode ofer +t+at
w+ater +t+at he cuome to +t+am helende.
<R 14.30>
(\uidens uero uentum ualidum timuit et cum coepisset mergi
clamauit dicens saluum me fac domine\) geseah 
+ta +tone wind swi+dne frohtade & +ta ingon sincan cegde
cw+e+tende h+al mec drihten.
<R 14.31>
(\et continuo iesus extendiens manum suam adpraehendit eum
ait illi modice fidei quare dubitasti\) 
& +ta r+a+te se helend a+tenede hond his & gegrap hine cw+e+t
to him +tu medmiccles gelefan forhwon getwiodestu.
<R 14.32>
(\Et cum ascendisset in nauiculam cessauit uentus\) & +ta
hi+a astigan on scip +ta blan se wind.
<R 14.33>
(\qui autem in nauicula erant uenerunt et adorauerunt eum
dicentes uere filius dei es tu\) +ta +te +tonne 
on +t+am scipe werun +ar cuomun & gebedun him cwe+tende
so+tlice sunu godes +tu eart.
<R 14.34>
(\Et cum transfretassent uenerunt in terram genessareth\) &
+ta hie oferf+aren h+afdon cuomon in lond genesara.
<R 14.35>
(\et cum cognouissent eum uiri loci illius adorauerunt eum et
misserunt in uniuersam regionem illam
et obtullerunt ei omnes male habentes\) & ondgetende hine
weras +tara stowe gebedun to him & sendun 
in eall lond +t+at & brohtun him alle yfle h+abbende.
<R 14.36>
(\et rogabant eum ut uel fimbriam uestimenti eius tangerent
et quicumque tetigerant salui facti sunt\) 
& bedun hine +t+at hi+a o+t+te f+ass hr+agles his mostun
+athrinan & swa hw+alc swa +athrinan hale wyrdon.
<R 15.1>
(\Tunc accesserunt ad eum ab hierusolimis scribae et
farissaei dicentes\) +ta eodun to him from hierosolimis 
bokere & fariseas cwe+tende.
<R 15.2>
(\quare discipuli tui transgrediuntur traditionem seniorum
non enim lauant manus suas cum panem manducant\) 
forhwon leorneras +tine oferg+a+t gesettnisse +tara
+aldra ne thua+d honda heora +tonne hi+a hlaf eta+d.
<P 127>
<R 15.3>
(\ipse autem respondens ait illis quare et uos
transgrediemini mandatum dei propter traditionem uestram\) 
he +ta ondswarade cw+a+t to heom forhwon & ge ek
oferg+a+t bebod godes for gesettnisse eowre.
<R 15.4>
(\nam deus dixit honora patrem tuum et matrem tuam et qui
maledixerit patri uel matri morte morietur\) 
wiotudlice for+ton god cw+a+t are f+ader +tinum & moder
+tin & se+te w+arge f+ader o+t+te moder dea+da sw+alte+t.
<R 15.5>
(\uos autem dicitis quicumque dixerit patri uel matri munus
quodcumque est ex me tibi proderit\) ge 
+tonne cwe+da+t swa hwa swa cwi+d to f+ader o+t+te moder lac
swa hwilc swa is of me +te be+dearfe+t.
<R 15.6>
(\et non honorificauit patrem suum et matrem suam et inritum
fecistis mandatum dei propter traditionem 
uestram\) & ne aria+d f+ader his & moder his & ge ung+ange
gedydon bebod godes for settnisse eowrum.
<R 15.7>
(\hyppochritae bene profetauit de uobis essaias dicens\)
ge licetheras wel witgade of eow essaias cwe+tende.
<R 15.8>
(\populus hic labis me honorat cor autem eorum longe 
est a me\) folc +tis welerum mec weor+da+t heorte +tonne eora
feorr is from me.
<R 15.9>
(\sine causa autem me colunt docentes doctrinas et mandata
hominum\) holunga +tonne hi+a me beganga+t l+arende 
lare & bebod monna.
<R 15.10>
(\et conuocatis ad se turbis dixit eis audite et
intellegite\) & gecegende to him +t+am m+angum cw+a+t to
heom gehera+d & ongete+t.
<R 15.11>
(\non quod intrat in os coinquinant hominem sed quod procedit
ex ore hoc coinquinant hominem\) nalles 
+t+atte ing+a+t in mu+de smite+t monnu ah +t+atte for+dg+a+t
of mu+te +t+at besmite+t monnu.
<R 15.12>
(\Tunc accedentes discipuli eius dixerunt ei scis quia
farisaei audito hoc uerbo scandalizati sunt\)
+ta him togangende leorneras his cwedun to him +tu wast
+t+atte fariseas geherde +tis word geincfullade
werun.
<R 15.13>
(\at ille respondens ait omnis plantatio quam non plantauit
pater meus celestis eradicabitur\) & he 
ondswarade & cw+a+t +aghwilc w+astmaseten +ta +te ne sette
f+ader min se heofunlica ast+erfed bi+d.
<R 15.14>
(\sinete illos caeci sunt duces c+acorum c+acus autem si
caeco ducatum praestat ambo in foueam cadunt\) 
forlete+d hi+a blinde sindon lateuw blindra blind +tonne
gif blindne l+ade+t begen in sea+t fallen.
<P 129>
<R 15.15>
(\Respondens autem petrus dixit ei disere nobis parabulam
istam\) andwyrde +ta petrus cw+a+t to him arecce 
us gelicnisse +tas.
<R 15.16>
(\at ille dixit adhuc et uos sine intellectu estis\) & he
cwe+t nu geta & ge butan ondget sindun.
<R 15.17>
(\et non intellegis quia omne quod in os intrat in uentrem
uadit et in secessum mittitur\) & ne ongeta+d 
ge +t+atte gehw+at +t+as +te in mu+de ing+a+d in wombe
gange+d & in leornisse bi+d ut asended.
<R 15.18>
(\quae autem procedunt de ore\) +ta +te +tonne g+a+d of
mu+de.
<R 15.19>
(\de corde exeunt cogitationes male homicidia adulteria
fornicationes furta falsa testimonia blasfemiae\) 
of heorta ut gae+t ge+tohtas yfele mor+tur unrihth+amed
forlaegennisse stale lyge gewitnisse hefalsunge.
<R 15.20>
(\haec sunt quae quoinquinant hominem non lotis autem manibus
manducare non quoinquinat hominem\) +tis 
sindon +ta +te besmita+t monnum +t+ah un+dwegenum +tonne
hondum ete ne besmita+t +t+at monnum.
<R 15.21>
(\Et egresus inde iesus secessit in partes tyri et sidonis\)
& gongende +tonan se h+alend gewat in d+al
tyre & sidone.
<R 15.22>
(\et ecce mulier cannanea a finibus illis egressa clamauit ad
eum dicens miserere mei domine filii 
dauid filia mea male a demonio uexatur\) & henu wif cananisc
of gem+arum +t+am utagongen cegde to him cwe+tende 
miltsa me drihten sunu daui+des dogter min is yfle
from deofle w+aled.
<R 15.23>
(\qui respondit ei uerbum et accedentes discipuli eius
rogabant eum dicentes dimitte eam quia clamat 
post nos\) he ne ondwyrde him worde & togangende leorneras
his bedun hine cw+a+tende forlet hi+a for+ton 
+te hi+a c+age+t +after us.
<R 15.24>
(\ipse autem respon ait illis non sum misus nisi ad oues quae
perierunt domus israhel\) he +ta ondwyrde 
cwe+t to heom ne ic w+as asended nym+te to scepum +t+am +te
forloren wyrdon hus+es israheles.
<R 15.25>
(\At illa uenit et adorabat eum dicens domine adiuua me\) &
hiu cuom & gebed to him cw+a+tende drihten
fultume me.
<P 131>
<R 15.26>
(\qui respondens ait non est bonum sumere panem filiorum et
mittere canibus\) he onwyrde cw+a+t nis +t+at 
god +te monn genime hlaf bearna & weorpe hundum.
<R 15.27>
(\at illa dixit utique domine nam et catuli edunt de micis
quae cadunt de mensa dominorum suorum\) &
hiu cwe+t la drihten for+ton & welpas ek eta+t of cromum +te
+te falle+t of beode hlaferde heora.
<R 15.28>
(\tunc respondens iesus ait illi mulier magna est fides tua
fiat tibi sicut uis et sana facta est filia 
illius ex illa hora\) +ta andwyrde se h+alend cwe+t to
hire la wif micel is geleafa +tin geweor+de +te 
swa +du wille & geh+aled w+as dohter hire of +d+am hwile.
<R 15.29>
(\Et cum transiset iesus uenit iterum secus mare galileae et
ascendens in montem sedebat ibi\) & +ta 
+tonan foerde se h+alend cuom +aft be sae galilea & astigende
on dune sett +t+ar.
<R 15.30>
(\et accesserunt ad eum turbae multae habentes secum mutos et
claudos et caecos debiles et alios multos 
et proiecerunt eos ad pedes eius et curauit eos\) & eodun
to him mengu monige h+abbende mid him 
dumbe & halte & blinde anhende & o+ter monige & l+agdun vel
feallan hi+a to fotum his & geh+elde hi+a.
<R 15.31>
(\ita ut turbae mirarentur uidentes mutos loquentes claudos
ambulantes c+acos uidentes et magnificabant 
deum israhel\) swa +t+at +ta mengu wundradun ges+agon +ta
dumbe sprecende & +da healte gangande & +da 
blinde segon & micladun god israhel.
<R 15.32>
(\iesus autem conuocatis discipulis suis dixit miserior huic
turbae quia triduum est iam quod perseuerant 
mecum et non habent quod manducent et demittere eos
ieiunos nolo ne deficiant in uia\) h+alend
+ta tosomne cliopade leorneras his cw+a+t mec hreowe+t +tas
mengu +de hie vel for+don +treo dagas is nu +t+at 
hie +turhwunadun mid mec & nabba+t +t+at hie eta+t & ic
forlete hie f+astende ne wille +dyles hi+e geteorige on w+age.
<R 15.33>
(\et dicunt ei discipuli unde ergo nobis in deserto panes ad
tintos ut saturentur tant+a turbae\) & cw+adon 
him to +ta leorneras hwonon +tonne us on w+astenne
hlafas to niomane +t+at we gehreorde swa miccle
mengu.
<R 15.34>
(\et ait illis iesus quot panes habetis at illi dixerunt
septem et paucos pisciculos\) & cw+a+t heom to 
se h+alend hw+at vel hu feola hlafas habba+t ge hi+a cwedun
seofun & unmonige fiscas.
<P 133>
<R 15.35>
(\et praecipit turbae ut discumberent super terram\) & +ta
bebead +t+am mengu +t+at hie gesetun on eor+tan.
<R 15.36>
(\et accipiens septem panes et pisces gratias egit et fregit
et dedit discipulis suis et discipuli 
dederunt populo\) & genimende +ta seofun hlafas & +ta fiscas &
+tongunge doende & br+ac & salde leorneras 
his & +ta leorneras saldun +t+am folce.
<R 15.37>
(\et comederunt omnes et saturati sunt et quod superfuit de
fragmentis tullerunt septem sportas plenas\) 
& etun ealle & fylde weron vel wurdun & +t+atte to lafe
w+as +tara gebroca genomen siofun sperta fulle.
<R 15.38>
(\erant autem qui manducauerunt uii milia uirorum extra
paruulos et mulieres\) weron +tonne +ta +te etun 
siofun +tusend weoras vel monna butan vel toekan cnehtum &
wifum.
<R 15.39>
(\et demisa turba ascendit in nauiculam et uenit in fines
magedan\) & +ta forletende +tara mengu astag
on scipe & cuom in m+aru magedan.
<R 16.1>
(\et accesserunt ad eum farisaei et saducei temptantes et
rogauerunt ut signum de caelo ostenderet 
eis\) & eodun to him fariseas & sadduceas costende & bedon
+t+atte he taken of heofune eaude heom.
<R 16.2>
(\At ille respondens illis ait facto uespere dicitis serenum
erit quia rubicundus est celum cras rubicundum 
est enim c+alum\) & he andswarade heom & cw+a+t
geworden efenne ge cweo+ta+d smylte +tis bi+t for+ton 
read is +te heofun & an mergenne read is for+ton +te
heofun.
<R 16.3>
(\et mane tempestas rutulat enim cum triste caelum
hyppochritae faciem ergo caeli uos iudicare nostis 
signa autem et tempora non potestis cognoscere\) & tod+age
bi+t hreanis reada+t for+ton unrotlice +te 
heofun ge liceteras ondwliotu so+tlice heofun doeme cunna+d
vel cunna+d gedoeme tacen wiotudlice & tide ne magun gecnawan.
<R 16.4>
(\Generatio mala signum et adultera querit et signum non
dabitur ei nisi signum ionae profet+a et relictis 
illis abiit\) cneuris yfle tacen & sio forlegene
soece+t & tacen ne bi+d sald hie nym+te tacen 
iona se witga & forletende hie aweg eode.
<P 135>
<R 16.5>
(\Et cum uenissent discipuli eius trans fretum obliti sunt
panes accipere\) & +ta cuomun leorneras his 
ofer s+a forgetun +t+at [{he{] hlafas genome.
<R 16.6>
(\Qui dixit illis adtendite uos et cauete a fermento
farissaeorum et saduc+aorum\) cw+a+t heom to behealde+t 
eow & warnia+t wi+d beorma farissea & sadducea.
<R 16.7>
(\at illi cogitabant intra se dicentes quia panes non
accipimus\) & hie +tohtun betwion heom cwe+tende
for+ton vel +dy we hlafas ne genoman.
<R 16.8>
(\sciens autem iesus cogitationes eorum dixit quid cogitatis
intra uos modic+a fidei quia panes non
habetis\) +da wiste wiotudlice se h+alend ge+tanc heora &
cw+a+t hw+at +tenca+t ge betwion eow medmicl+as geleafa 
menn for+ton +t+at ge hlafas ne habba+t.
<R 16.9>
(\nondum enim intellegitis neque meministis de quinque
panibus u milia hominum quot coffinos sumpsistis\) 
ne ge cu+tlice ne ongeta+t ne ge ne mynga+d +tara fif
hlafa fif +tusenda monna & hu monige monde genoman.
<R 16.10>
(\et de vii panes iiii milia hominum et quot sporte
accipistis\) ni +tara siofun hlafas feower +tusenda 
monna & hu monige sperta ge genoman.
<R 16.11>
(\quare non intellegistis quia non de panibus dixit uobis
cauete uos a fermento faris+aorum et saduc+aorum\) 
forhwon ne ongeta+t ge +t+at ic be hlafe cw+a+t to
eow berga+t eow from bearma farisea & saducea.
<R 16.12>
(\tunc intellexerunt quod non dixerit cauete a fermento
pauium sed a doctrina fariss+aorum et saduc+aorum 
adtendere sibi\) +ta ongetun hie +t+at he ne cw+a+t
warna+t eow from beorma hlafa ah wi+d lare farisea
& sadducea to behealdene heom.
<R 16.13>
(\Uenit autem iesus in partes cessariae pilippi et
interrogabat discipulos suos dicens quem me dicunt 
homines esse filium hominis\) +ta cwom se h+alend in d+ale
cessari+e filippes & fr+agn leorneras his cwe+tende 
huat cweo+ta+t menn +t+at monnes sunu si+e.
<R 16.14>
(\at illi dixerunt alii iohannem babtistam alii autem
hieremiam alii uero heliam aut unum ex profetis\) 
hie cw+adun sume iohannes se b+adzere sume wiotudlice
hieremias sume so+tlice elias o+t+te an +tara witgana.
<R 16.15>
(\dicit illis iesus uos autem quem me esse dicitis\) cw+a+t
heom to se h+alend ge +tonne hw+at cweo+ta+d hw+at ic seo.
<P 137>
<R 16.16>
(\respondens autem simon petrus dixit tu es christus filius
dei uiui\) ondswarade wiotudlice simon petrus 
cw+a+t +tu eart crist godes sune +t+as lifgenda.
<R 16.17>
(\Respondens autem iesus dixit illi beatus es simon bariona
quia caro et sanguis non reuelabit tibi
sed pater meus qui in c+alis est\) +ta ondsweorede se h+alend
cw+a+t to him eadig +tu eart simon sunu iona 
for+ton lic & blod ne onwreo+t +de ah f+ader min se+te in
heofunum is.
<R 16.18>
(\et ego dico tibi qui tu es petrus et super hanc petram
+adificabo +aclessiam meam et port+a inferni 
non pr+aualebunt aduersus eam\) & ic s+acge +de +t+at +tu
eart petrus & on +t+am petra vel stane ic getimbre 
mine circae & duru helle ne oferswi+dia+t wi+d eo.
<R 16.19>
(\et tibi dabo claues regni c+alorum et quodcumque ligaueris
super terram erunt ligata et in c+alis et
qu+acumque solueris super terram erunt soluta et in c+alis\)
& ic +te selle selle k+agen heofuna rices 
& swa hw+at swa +tu bindes on eor+dan gebunde bi+don & in
heofunum & swa hw+at swa +tu unbindes on eor+dan 
beo+dan unbunde in heofunum.
<R 16.20>
(\Tunc pr+acipit discipulis suit ut nemini dicerent quia ipse
esset christus\) +ta bebead leorneras his 
+t+at hie n+angum s+agdun +t+at he w+are h+alende crist.
<R 16.21>
(\Exinde coepit iesus ostendere discipulis suis quia oportet
eum ir+a in hirusolimam et multa pati a
senioribus et scribis et principibus sacerdotum et occidi et
tertia die resurgere\) +after +ton ingonn 
se h+alend eawan his leorneras +t+at he scylde f+aran to
hierusalem & feola ge+trowigan from +t+am +aldrum 
& bokerum & aldorsacerdum & ofslaegen beon & +dridde d+ag
+aft arisan.
<R 16.22>
(\Et adsumens eum petrus coepit increpare et dicere absit a
te domine non erit tibi hoc\) & genimende 
hine petrus ongan +dreiga hine cw+a+tende won si+a from +te
dryhten ne bi+t +te +t+at.
<R 16.23>
(\qui conuersus dixit petro uade post me satanas scandalum es
mihi quia non sapis ea quae dei sunt 
sed ea qu+a hominum\) se gehwerfad cw+a+t to petre gang +after
me +tu wi+terwearde ondspyrnes eart me +ti 
+du ne const +ta +ta godes sindun ah +ta +te monna.
<R 16.24>
(\Tunc dixit iesus discipulis suis si quis uult post me
uenire abnegat seipsum et tollat crucem suam 
et sequartu me\) +da cw+a+t se h+alend to his leorneras gif
hwa wille +after me cume onds+ac+e him seolfum 
& bere his rode & folge me.
<P 139>
<R 16.25>
(\qui enim uoluerit animam suam saluam facere perdat eam et
qui perdide animam suam propter me inueniet 
eam\) for+ton se+te +te wile his feorh hal gedoa he
forleose +t+at & se+te +tonne forleose+t his feorh 
for me he gemoete+t +t+at.
<R 16.26>
(\quid enim prodest homini si totum mundum lucretur animae
uero suae detrimentum patiatur aut quam 
dabit homo commercium pro anima sua\) for+ton +te hw+at
helpe+d vel be+tearfa+d menn +deah +te he middengeard 
ealne gestreone & feorh so+tlice his ewyrdlu +trowia+t
o+t+te hw+alc sele+t monn geld for ferh his.
<R 16.27>
(\Nam filius hominis uenturus est in gloria patris sui
cum angelis suis tunc reddet unicuique 
iuxta opera sua\) for+don sune monnes cyme+t vel cymende is in
wuldor f+ader his mi+d +anglum his & +tonne
ag+afe+t vel gelde+t anra gehw+am neh +ton vel +after weorc+a
his.
<R 16.28>
(\Amen dico uobis sunt quidam de hic stantibus qui non
gustabunt mortem donec uideant filium hominis 
uenientem in regno suo\) so+t ic s+acge eow sindun sume of
+t+ar+a her stondendra +ta +te ne berga+t dea+d 
+ar+ton he geseo sunu monnes cymend+e in rice his.



<B COCYNEW>
<Q OX/3 XX XX APOST>
<N FATES OF APOSTLES>
<A CYNEWULF>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  FATES OF APOSTLES.
THE VERCELLI BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, II.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1932.
PP. 51.1 - 54.122

TEXT:  ELENE.
Idem.
PP. 66.1 - 102.1321

TEXT:  JULIANA.
THE EXETER BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, III.
ED. G. P. KRAPP AND E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1936.
PP. 113.1 - 133.731^]

[^A2.2^]
<P 51>
[} [\FATES OF THE APOSTLES\] }]
<R 1>
Hw+at.
Ic +tysne sang si+dgeomor fand on seocum sefan, samnode wide
hu +ta +a+delingas ellen cy+ddon, torhte ond
tireadige.
<R 4>
Twelfe [{w+aron{] , d+adum domf+aste, dryhtne gecorene, leofe
on life.
<R 6>
Lof wide sprang, miht ond m+ar+do, ofer middangeard, +teodnes
+tegna, +trym unlytel.
<R 9>
Halgan heape hlyt wisode +t+ar hie dryhtnes +a deman sceoldon,
reccan fore rincum.
<R 11>
Sume on Romebyrig, frame, fyrdhwate, feorh ofgefon +turg
Nerones [{nearwe{] searwe, Petrus ond Paulus.
<R 14>
Is se apostolhad wide geweor+dod ofer wer+teoda.
<R 16>
Swylce Andreas in Achagia for Egias aldre gene+dde.
<R 18>
Ne +treodode he fore +trymme +deodcyninges, +aniges on
eor+dan, ac him ece geceas langsumre lif, leoht unhwilen, 
sy+t+tan hildeheard, heriges byrhtme, +after
gu+dplegan gealgan +tehte.
<R 23>
Hw+at, we eac gehyrdon be Iohanne +agl+aawe menn +a+delo
reccan.
<R 25>
Se manna w+as, mine gefrege, 
<P 52>
+turh cneorisse Criste leofast on
weres hade, sy+d+dan wuldres cyning, engla 
ordfruma, eor+dan sohte +turh f+amnan hrif, f+ader
manncynnes.
<R 30>
He in Effessia ealle +trage leode l+arde, +tanon lifes weg
si+de gesohte, swegle dreamas, beorhtne boldwelan.
<R 33>
N+as his bro+dor l+at, si+des s+ane, ac +durh sweordes bite
mid Iudeum Iacob sceolde fore Herode ealdre ged+alan, 
feorh wi+d fl+asce.
<R 37>
Philipus w+as mid Asseum, +tanon ece lif +turh rode cwealm
ricene gesohte, sy+d+dan on galgan in Gearapolim 
ahangen w+as hildecor+dre.
<R 42>
Huru, wide wear+d wurd undyrne +t+at to Indeum aldre gel+adde
beaducr+aftig beorn, Bartholameus.
<R 45>
+tone heht Astrias in Albano, h+a+den ond hygeblind, heafde
beneotan, for+tan he +da h+a+dengild hyran ne 
wolde, wig weor+dian.
<R 48>
Him w+as wuldres dream, lifwela leofra +tonne +tas leasan
godu.
<R 50>
Swylce Thomas eac +triste gene+dde on Indea o+dre d+alas,
+t+ar manegum wear+d mod onlihted, hige onhyrded, 
+turh his halig word.
<R 54>
Sy+d+dan collenfer+d cyninges bro+dor awehte for weorodum,
wundorcr+afte, +turh dryhtnes miht, +t+at he of 
dea+de aras, geong ond gu+dhw+at, ond him w+as Gad nama, ond
+da +t+am folce feorg gesealde, sin +at s+acce.
<R 58>
Sweordr+as fornam +turh h+a+dene hand, +t+ar se halga gecrang,
wund for weorudum, +tonon wuldres leoht sawle 
gesohte sigores to leane.
<P 53>
<R 63>
Hw+at, we +t+at gehyrdon +turg halige bec, +t+at mid
Sigelwarum so+d yppe wear+d, dryhtlic dom godes.
<R 65>
D+ages or onwoc, leohtes geleafan, land w+as gef+alsod +turh
Matheus m+are lare.
<R 68>
+tone het Irtacus +durh yrne hyge, w+alreow cyning, w+apnum
aswebban.
<R 70>
hyrde we +t+at Iacob in Ierusalem fore sacerdum swilt
+trowode.
<R 72>
+durg stenges sweng sti+dmod gecrang, eadig for +afestum.
<R 73>
Hafa+d nu ece lif mid wuldorcining, wiges to leane.
<R 75>
N+aron +da twegen tohtan s+ane, lindgelaces, land Persea
sohton si+dfrome, Simon ond Thaddeus, beornas beadorofe.
<R 78>
Him wear+d bam samod an ended+ag.
<R 79>
+a+dele sceoldon +durh w+apenhete weorc +trowigan, sigelean
secan, ond +tone so+dan gefean, dream +after dea+de, 
+ta ged+aled wear+d lif wi+d lice, ond +tas l+anan
gestreon, idle +ahtwelan, [{ealle{] forhogodan.
<R 85>
+Dus +da +a+delingas ende gesealdon, XII tilmodige.
<R 86>
Tir unbr+acne wegan on gewitte wuldres +tegnas.
<R 88>
Nu ic +tonne bidde beorn se +de lufige +tysses giddes begang
+t+at he geomrum me +tone [{halgan{] heap helpe
bidde, fri+des ond fultomes.
<R 91>
Hu, ic freonda be+tearf li+dra on lade, +tonne ic sceal langne
ham, eardwic uncu+d, ana [{gesecan{] , [{l+atan{]
me on laste lic, eor+dan d+al, w+alreaf wunigean weormum to
hro+dre.
<R 96>
Her m+ag findan fore+tances gleaw, se +de hine lyste+d
leo+dgiddunga, 
<P 54>
hwa +tas fitte fegde.
<R 98>
(}F}) +t+ar on ende standa+t, eorlas +t+as on eor+dan
[{bruca+t{] .
<R 99>
Ne moton hie awa +atsomne, woruldwunigende; (}W}) sceal
gedreosan, (}U}) on e+dle, +after [{tohreosan{] [{l+ane{] 
lices fr+atewa, efne swa (}L}) toglide+d.
<R 103>
+tonne (}C}) ond (}Y}) cr+aftes neota+d nihtes nearowe, on him
(}N}) lige+d, [{cyninges{] +teodom.
<R 105>
Nu +du cunnon miht hwa on +tam wordum w+as werum oncy+dig.
<R 107>
Sie +t+as gemyndig, mann se +de lufige +tisses galdres begang,
+t+at he geoce me ond frofre fricle.
<R 109>
Ic sceall feor heonan, an elles for+d, eardes neosan, si+d
asettan, nat ic sylfa hw+ar, of +tisse worulde.
<R 112>
Wic sindon uncu+d, eard ond e+del, swa bi+d +alcum menn nem+te
he godcundes gastes bruce.
<R 115>
Ah utu we +te geornor to gode cleopigan, sendan usse bene on
+ta beorhtan gesceaft, +t+at we +t+as botles
brucan motan, hames in heh+do, +t+ar is hihta m+ast, +t+ar
cyning engla cl+anum gilde+d lean unhwilen.
<R 120>
Nu a his lof stande+d, mycel ond m+are, ond his miht seoma+t,
ece ond edgiong, ofer ealle gesceaft.
<R 122>
(\Finit\) .

<Q OX/3 XX XX ELENE>
<N ELENE>
<A CYNEWULF>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A2.6^]
<P 66>
[} [\ELENE\] }]
<R 1>
+ta w+as agangen geara hwyrftum tu hund ond +treo geteled
rimes, swylce XXX eac, +tinggemearces, wintra
for worulde, +t+as +te wealdend god acenned
wear+d, cyninga wuldor, in middangeard +turh mennisc heo,
so+df+astra leoht.
<R 7>
+ta w+as syxte gear Constantines caserdomes, +t+at he Romwara
in rice wear+d ah+afen, hildfruma, to hereteman.
<R 11>
W+as se leodhwata lindgeborga eorlum arf+ast.
<R 12>
[{+A+delinges{] weox rice under roderum.
<R 13>
He w+as riht cyning, gu+dweard gumena.
<R 14>
Hine god trymede m+ar+dum ond mihtum, +t+at he manegum wear+d
geond middangeard mannum to hro+der, wer+teodum to wr+ace,
sy+d+dan w+apen ahof wi+d hetendum.
<R 18>
Him w+as hild boden, wiges woma.
<R 19>
Werod samnodan Huna leode ond Hre+dgotan, foron fyrdhwate
Francan ond [{Hugas{] .
<R 22>
W+aron hwate weras, gearwe to gu+de.
<R 23>
Garas lixtan, wri+dene w+alhlencan.
<R 24>
Wordum ond bordum hofon herecombol.
<R 25>
+ta w+aron heardingas sweotole gesamnod ond eal [{sib{]
geador.
<R 27>
For folca gedryht.
Fyrdleo+d agol wulf on wealde, w+alrune ne ma+d.
<R 29>
Urigfe+dera earn sang ahof, la+dum on laste.
<R 30>
Lungre scynde ofer burg enta beadu+treata m+ast, hergum to
hilde, swylce Huna cyning ymbsittendra awer meahte
<P 67>
abannan to beadwe burgwigendra.
<R 35>
For fyrda m+ast.
Fe+dan trymedon eoredcestum, +t+at on +alfylce deare+dlacende
on Danubie, st+arcedfyrh+de, st+a+de wicedon ymb +t+as
w+ateres wylm.
<R 39>
Werodes breahtme woldon Romwara rice ge+tringan, hergum
ahy+dan.
<R 41>
+t+ar wear+d Huna cyme cu+d ceasterwarum.
<R 42>
+ta se casere heht ongean gramum gu+dgel+acan under earhf+are
ofstum myclum bannan to beadwe, beran ut
+tr+ace rincas under roderum.
<R 46>
W+aron Romware, secgas sigerofe, sona gegearwod w+apnum to
wigge, +teah hie werod l+asse h+afdon to hilde [{+tonne{]
Huna cining; ridon ymb rofne, +tonne rand dynede,
campwudu clynede, cyning +treate for, herge to hilde.
<R 52>
Hrefen uppe gol, wan ond w+alfel.
<R 53>
Werod w+as on tyhte.
<R 54>
Hleopon hornboran, hreopan friccan, mearh moldan tr+ad.
<R 55>
M+agen samnode, cafe to cease.
<R 56>
Cyning w+as afyrhted, egsan geaclad, si+d+dan el+teodige, Huna
ond Hre+da here [{sceawede{] , +d+at he on Romwara rices
ende ymb +t+as w+ateres st+a+d werod samnode, m+agen unrime.
<R 61>
Modsorge w+ag Romwara cyning, rices ne wende for werodleste,
h+afde wigena to lyt, eaxlgestealna wi+d
oferm+agene, hrora to hilde.
<R 65>
Here wicode, eorlas ymb +a+deling, egstreame neah on neaweste
nihtlangne fyrst, +t+as +te [{hie{] feonda gef+ar
fyrmest ges+agon.
<R 69>
+ta wear+d on sl+ape sylfum +atywed +tam casere, +t+ar he on
cor+dre sw+af,
<P 68>
sigerofum gesegen swefnes woma.
<R 72>
+tuhte him wlitescyne on weres hade hwit ond hiwbeorht
h+ale+da nathwylc geywed +anlicra +tonne he +ar o+d+de
si+d gesege under swegle.
<R 75>
He of sl+ape onbr+agd, eofurcumble be+teaht.
<R 76>
Him se ar hra+de, wlitig wuldres boda, wi+d +tingode ond be
naman nemde, nihthelm toglad: Constantinus, heht +te cyning
engla, wyrda wealdend, w+are beodan, dugu+da dryhten.
<R 81>
Ne ondr+ad +tu +de, +deah +te el+teodige egesan hwopan,
heardre hilde.
<R 83>
+tu to heofenum beseoh on wuldres weard, +t+ar +du wra+de
findest, sigores tacen.
<R 85>
He w+as sona gearu +turh +t+as halgan h+as, hre+derlocan
onspeon, up locade, swa him se ar abead, f+ale fri+dowebba.
<R 88>
Geseah he fr+atwum beorht wliti wuldres treo ofer wolcna hrof,
golde [{geglenged{] gimmas lixtan; w+as se blaca beam
bocstafum awriten, beorhte ond leohte: Mid +tys
beacne +du on +tam frecnan f+are feond oferswi+des+d,
geletest la+d werod.
<R 94>
+ta +t+at leoht gewat, up si+dode, ond se ar somed, on cl+anra
gemang.
<R 96>
Cyning w+as +ty bli+dra ond +te sorgleasra, secga aldor, on
fyrh+dsefan, +turh +ta f+ageran gesyh+d.
<R 99>
Heht +ta onlice +a+delinga hleo, beorna beaggifa, swa he +t+at
beacen geseah, heria hildfruma, +t+at him on heofonum
+ar geiewed wear+d, ofstum myclum, Constantinus,
Cristes rode, tireadig cyning, tacen gewyrcan.
<R 105>
Heht +ta on uhtan mid +ard+age wigend wreccan, ond
w+apen+tr+ace hebban heorucumbul, ond +t+at halige treo
<P 69>
him beforan ferian on feonda gemang, beran beacen godes.
<R 109>
Byman sungon hlude for hergum.
<R 110>
Hrefn weorces gefeah, urigfe+dra, earn si+d beheold,
w+alhreowra wig.
<R 112>
Wulf sang ahof, holtes gehle+da.
<R 113>
Hildegesa stod.
<R 114>
+t+ar w+as borda gebrec ond beorna ge+trec, heard handgeswing
ond herga gring, sy+d+dan heo earhf+are +arest metton.
<R 117>
On +t+at f+age folc flana scuras, garas ofer geolorand on
gramra gemang, hetend [{heorugrimme{] , hilden+adran,
+turh fingra geweald for+d onsendan.
<R 121>
Stopon sti+dhidige, stundum wr+acon, br+acon bordhre+dan, bil
in dufan, +trungon +tr+achearde.
<R 123>
+ta w+as +tuf hafen.
<R 124>
segn for [{sweotum{] , sigeleo+d galen.
<R 125>
Gylden grima, garas lixtan on [{herefelda{] .
<R 126>
H+a+dene grungon, feollon fri+delease.
<R 127>
Flugon inst+apes Huna leode, swa +t+at halige treo ar+aran
heht Romwara cyning, hea+dofremmende.
<R 130>
Wurdon heardingas wide towrecene.
<R 131>
Sume wig fornam.
<R 132>
Sume unsofte aldor generedon on +tam heresi+de.
<R 133>
Sume healfcwice flugon on f+asten ond feore burgon +after
stanclifum, stede weardedon ymb Danubie.
<R 136>
Sume drenc fornam on lagostreame lifes +at ende.
<R 138>
+da w+as modigra m+agen on luste, ehton el+teoda o+d +t+at
+afen for+d fram d+ages orde.
<R 140>
Daro+d+asc flugon, hilden+adran.
<R 141>
Heap w+as gescyrded, la+dra lindwered.
<R 142>
Lythwon becwom Huna herges ham eft +tanon.
<P 70>
<R 144>
+Ta w+as gesyne +t+at sige forgeaf Constantino cyning
+almihtig +at +tam d+agweorce, domweor+dunga,
rice under roderum, +turh his rode treo.
<R 148>
Gewat +ta heriga helm ham eft +tanon, hu+de hremig, hild w+as
gesceaden, wigge geweor+dod.
<R 150>
Com +ta wigena hleo +tegna +treate [{+try+dbold{] [{secan{] ,
beadurof cyning burga neosan.
<R 153>
Heht +ta wigena weard +ta wisestan snude to siono+de, +ta +te
snyttro cr+aft +turh fyrngewrito gefrigen h+afdon,
heoldon hige+tancum h+ale+da r+adas.
<R 157>
+da +t+as fricggan ongan folces aldor, sigerof cyning, ofer
sid weorod, w+are +t+ar +anig yldra o+d+de gingra +te him
to so+de secggan meahte, galdrum cy+dan, hw+at se
god w+are, boldes brytta, +te +tis his beacen
w+as +te me swa leoht o+dywde ond mine leode generede, tacna
torhtost, ond me tir forgeaf, wigsped wi+d
wra+dum, +turh +t+at wlitige treo.
<R 166>
Hio him ondsware +anige ne meahton agifan togenes, ne ful
geare cu+don sweotole gesecggan be +tam sigebeacne.
<R 169>
+ta +ta wisestan wordum cw+adon for +tam herem+agene +t+at hit
heofoncyninges tacen w+are, ond +t+as tweo n+are.
<R 172>
+ta +t+at gefrugnon +ta +turh fulwihte l+arde w+aron, him w+as
leoht sefa, ferh+d gefeonde, +teah hira fea w+aron,
+d+at hie for +tam casere cy+dan moston godspelles gife,
hu se gasta helm, in +trynesse +trymme geweor+dad,
acenned wear+d, cyninga wuldor, ond hu on galgan
wear+d godes agen bearn ahangen for hergum heardum witum.
<P 71>
<R 181>
Alysde leoda bearn of locan deofla, geomre gastas, ond him
gife sealde +turh +ta ilcan gesceaft +te him geywed wear+d
sylfum on gesyh+de, sigores [{tacen{] , wi+d +teoda +tr+ace.
<R 185>
Ond hu +dy +triddan d+age of byrgenne beorna wuldor of dea+de
aras, dryhten ealra h+ale+da cynnes, ond to
heofonum astah.
<R 189>
+dus gleawlice gastgerynum s+agdon sigerofum, swa fram
Siluestre l+arde w+aron.
<R 191>
+at +tam se leodfruma fulwihte onfeng ond +t+at for+d geheold
on his dagana tid, dryhtne to willan.
<R 194>
+da w+as on s+alum sinces brytta, ni+dheard cyning.
<R 195>
W+as him niwe gefea befolen in fyrh+de, w+as him frofra m+ast
ond [{hyhta{] nihst heofonrices weard.
<R 198>
Ongan +ta dryhtnes +a d+ages ond nihtes +turh gastes gife
georne cy+dan, ond hine so+dlice sylfne getengde goldwine
gumena in godes +teowdom, +ascrof, unslaw.
<R 202>
+ta se +a+deling fand, leodgebyrga, +turh larsmi+das,
gu+dheard, gar+trist, on godes bocum hw+ar ahangen w+as
heriges beorhtme on rode treo rodora waldend +afstum +turh
inwit, swa se ealda feond forl+arde ligesearwum,
leode fortyhte, Iudea cyn, +t+at hie god sylfne
ahengon, herga fruman.
<R 210>
+t+as hie in hyn+dum sculon to widan feore werg+du dreogan.
<R 212>
+ta w+as Cristes lof +tam casere on firh+dsefan, for+d
gemyndig ymb +t+at m+are treo, ond +ta his modor het
feran foldwege folca +treate to Iudeum, georne secan wigena
+treate hw+ar se wuldres beam,
<P 72>
halig under hrusan, hyded w+are, +a+delcyninges rod.
<R 219>
Elene ne wolde +t+as si+dfates s+ane weor+dan, ne +d+as
wilgifan word gehyrwan, hiere sylfre suna, ac w+as
sona gearu, wif on willsi+d, swa hire weoruda helm,
byrnwiggendra, beboden h+afde.
<R 225>
Ongan +ta ofstlice eorla mengu to flote fysan.
<R 226>
Fearo+dhengestas ymb geofenes st+a+d gearwe stodon, s+alde
s+amearas, sunde getenge.
<R 229>
+da w+as orcn+awe idese si+df+at, si+d+dan w+ages helm werode
gesohte.
<R 231>
+t+ar wlanc manig +at Wendels+a on st+a+de stodon.
<R 232>
Stundum wr+acon ofer mearcpa+du, m+agen +after o+drum, ond +ta
gehlodon hildesercum, bordum ond ordum, byrnwigendum,
werum ond wifum, w+aghengestas.
<R 237>
Leton +ta ofer fifelw+ag famige scri+dan bronte brim+tisan.
<R 238>
Bord oft onfeng ofer earhgeblond y+da swengas; s+a swinsade.
<R 240>
Ne hyrde ic si+d ne +ar on egstreame idese l+adan, on
merestr+ate, m+agen [{f+agerre{] .
<R 243>
+t+ar meahte gesion, se +done si+d beheold, brecan ofer
b+a+dweg, brimwudu snyrgan under [{swellingum{] ,
s+amearh plegean, wadan w+agflotan.
<R 246>
Wigan w+aron bli+de, collenferh+de, cwen si+des gefeah,
sy+t+tan to hy+de hringedstefnan ofer lagof+asten geliden
h+afdon on Creca land.
<R 250>
Ceolas leton +at s+afearo+de, sande bewrecene,
<P 73>
ald [{y+dhofu{] , oncrum f+aste on brime bidan beorna 
ge+tinges, [{hwonne{] heo sio gu+dcwen gumena +treate 
ofer eastwegas eft gesohte.
<R 256>
+d+ar w+as on eorle e+dgesyne brogden byrne ond bill gecost,
geatolic gu+dscrud, grimhelm manig, +anlic eoforcumbul.
<R 259>
W+aron +ascwigan, secggas ymb sigecwen, si+des gefysde.
<R 261>
Fyrdrincas frome foron on luste on Creca land, caseres bodan,
hilderincas, hyrstum gewerede.
<R 264>
+t+ar w+as gesyne sincgim locen on +tam here+treate, hlafordes
gifu.
<R 266>
W+as seo eadhre+dige Elene gemyndig, +triste on ge+tance,
+teodnes willan georn on mode +t+at hio Iudeas ofer
herefeldas heape gecoste lindwigendra land gesohte, secga
+treate.
<R 271>
Swa hit si+d+dan gelamp ymb lytel f+ac +t+at +d+at leodm+agen,
gu+drofe h+ale+t to Hierusalem cwomon in +ta ceastre cor+dra
m+aste, eorlas +ascrofe mid +ta +a+delan cwen.
<R 276>
Heht +da gebeodan burgsittendum +tam snoterestum side ond wide
geond Iudeas, gumena gehwylcum, [{me+delhegende{] ,
on gemot cuman, +ta +de deoplicost dryhtnes geryno
+turh rihte +a reccan cu+don.
<R 282>
+da w+as gesamnod of sidwegum m+agen unlytel, +ta +de Moyses
+a reccan cu+don.
<R 284>
+t+ar on rime w+as +treo M +t+ara leoda alesen to lare.
<R 286>
Ongan +ta leoflic wif weras Ebrea wordum negan:
<P 74>
Ic +t+at gearolice ongiten h+abbe +turg witgena wordgeryno
on godes bocum +t+at ge geardagum wyr+de w+aron
wuldorcyninge, dryhtne dyre ond d+adhw+ate.
<R 293>
Hw+at, ge [{ealle{] snyttro unwislice, wra+de wi+dweorpon, +ta
ge wergdon +tane +te eow of werg+de +turh his [{wuldres{] miht,
fram ligcwale, lysan +tohte, of h+aftnede.
<R 297>
Ge mid horu speowdon on +t+as ondwlitan +te eow eagena leoht,
fram blindnesse bote gefremede edniowunga +turh +t+at
+a+dele spald, ond fram uncl+anum oft generede
deofla gastum.
<R 302>
Ge [{to{] dea+te +tone deman ongunnon, se +de of dea+de sylf
woruld awehte on wera cor+tre in +t+at +arre lif
eowres cynnes.
<R 306>
Swa ge modblinde mengan ongunnon lige wi+d so+de, leoht wi+d
+tystrum, +afst wi+d are, inwit+tancum wroht
webbedan.
<R 309>
Eow seo werg+du for+dan sce+d+te+d scyldfullum.
<R 310>
Ge +ta sciran miht deman ongunnon, ond gedweolan lifdon,
+teostrum ge+tancum, o+d +tysne d+ag.
<R 313>
Ganga+t nu snude, snyttro ge+tenca+t, weras wisf+aste, wordes
cr+aftige, +ta +de eowre +a +a+delum cr+aftige on ferh+dsefan
fyrmest h+abben, +ta me so+dlice secgan cunnon,
ondsware cy+dan for [{eowic{] for+d tacna gehwylces
+te ic him to sece.
<R 320>
Eodan +ta on [{geruman{] reonigmode eorlas +acleawe, egesan
ge+treade, geh+dum geomre, [{georne{] sohton
<P 75>
+ta wisestan wordgeryno, +t+at hio +t+are cwene oncwe+dan
meahton swa tiles swa trages, swa hio him to sohte.
<R 326>
Hio +ta on +treate M manna fundon ferh+dgleawra, +ta +te
fyrngemynd mid Iudeum gearwast cu+don.
<R 329>
+trungon +ta on +treate +t+ar on +trymme bad in cynestole
caseres m+ag, geatolic gu+dcwen golde gehyrsted.
<R 332>
Elene ma+telode ond for eorlum spr+ac: Gehyra+d, higegleawe,
halige rune, word ond wisdom.
<R 334>
Hw+at, ge witgena lare onfengon, hu se liffruma in cildes had
cenned wurde, mihta wealdend.
<R 337>
Be +tam Moyses sang, ond +t+at [{word{] gecw+a+d weard
Israhela: Eow acenned bi+d cniht on degle, mihtum m+are,
swa +t+as modor ne bi+d w+astmum geeacnod +turh weres frige.
<R 342>
Be +dam Dauid cyning dryhtleo+d agol, frod fyrnweota, f+ader
Salomones, ond +t+at word gecw+a+t wigona baldor:
Ic frum+ta god fore sceawode, sigora dryhten.
<R 346>
He on gesyh+de w+as, m+agena wealdend, min on +ta swi+dran,
+trymmes hyrde.
<R 348>
+tanon ic ne [{wende{] +afre to aldre onsion mine.
<R 350>
Swa hit eft be eow Essaias, witga for weorodum, wordum m+alde,
deophycggende +turh dryhtnes gast: Ic
up ahof eaforan gingne ond bearn cende, +tam ic bl+ad forgeaf,
halige higefrofre, ac hie hyrwdon [{me{] ,
feodon +turh feondscipe, nahton fore+tances, wisdomes gewitt;
<R 357>
ond +ta weregan neat, +te man daga gehwam drife+d ond
+tirsce+d, ongita+t hira goddend, nales gnyrnwr+acum
<P 76>
feoga+d frynd hiera +te him fodder [{gifa+d{] , ond me
Israhela +afre ne woldon folc oncnawan,
+teah ic feala for him +after woruldstundum wundra gefremede.
<R 364>
Hw+at, we +t+at gehyrdon +turh halige bec +t+at eow dryhten
geaf dom unscyndne, meotod mihta sped, Moyse
s+agde hu ge heofoncyninge hyran sceoldon, lare l+astan.
<R 368>
Eow +t+as lungre a+treat, ond ge +tam ryhte wi+droten h+afdon,
onscunedon +tone sciran scippend eallra, [{dryhtna{] dryhten,
ond gedwolan fylgdon ofer riht godes.
<R 372>
Nu ge ra+te ganga+t ond finda+t gen +ta +te fyrngewritu +turh
snyttro cr+aft selest cunnen, +ariht eower,
+t+at me ondsware +turh sidne sefan secgan cunnen.
<R 377>
Eodan +da mid mengo modcwanige, collenferh+de, swa him sio
cwen bead.
<R 379>
[{Fundon{] +ta D for+tsnottera alesen leodm+aga, +ta +de
leornungcr+aft +turh modgemynd m+aste h+afdon,
on sefan snyttro.
<R 382>
Heo to salore eft ymb lytel f+ac la+dode w+aron, ceastre
weardas.
<R 384>
Hio sio cwen ongan wordum genegan, wlat ofer ealle: Oft ge
dyslice d+ad gefremedon, werge wr+acm+acggas,
ond gewritu herwdon, f+adera lare, n+afre fur+dur +tonne
nu, +da ge blindnesse bote forsegon, ond ge
wi+dsocon so+de ond rihte, +t+at in Bethleme bearn wealdendes,
cyning anboren, cenned w+are, +a+delinga ord.
<R 393>
+teah ge +ta +a cu+don, witgena word, ge ne woldon +ta,
<P 77>
synwyrcende, so+d oncnawan.
<R 396>
Hie +ta anmode ondsweredon: Hw+at, we Ebreisce +a leornedon,
+ta on fyrndagum f+aderas cu+don +at godes earce,
ne we [{geare{] cunnon +turh hw+at +du +dus hearde,
hl+afdige, us eorre wurde.
<R 401>
We +d+at +abylg+d nyton +te we gefremedon on +tysse folcscere,
+teodenbealwa, wi+d +tec +afre.
<R 404>
Elene ma+delade ond for eorlum spr+ac, undearninga ides
reordode hlude for herigum: Ge nu hra+de ganga+d,
sundor aseca+t +ta +de snyttro mid eow, m+agn ond
modcr+aft, m+aste h+abben, +t+at me +tinga gehwylc
+triste gecy+dan, untraglice, +te ic him to sece.
<R 411>
Eodon +ta fram rune, swa him sio rice cwen, bald in burgum,
beboden h+afde, geomormode, georne smeadon,
sohton searo+tancum, hw+at sio syn w+are +te hie on +tam
folce gefremed h+afdon wi+d +tam casere, +te him
sio cwen wite.
<R 417>
+ta +t+ar for eorlum an reordode, gidda gearosnotor, +dam w+as
Iudas nama, wordes cr+aftig: Ic wat geare
+t+at hio wile secan be +tam sigebeame on +dam +trowode +teoda
waldend, eallra [{gnyrna{] leas, godes agen bearn,
+tone [{orscyldne{] eofota gehwylces +turh hete hengon
on heanne beam in fyrndagum f+aderas usse.
<R 426>
+t+at w+as +trealic ge+toht.
Nu is +tearf mycel +t+at we f+astlice ferh+d sta+delien, +t+at
we +d+as mor+dres meldan ne weor+den hw+ar +t+at halige
trio beheled wurde +after wig+tr+ace, +ty l+as toworpen sien
<P 78>
frod fyrngewritu ond +ta f+aderlican lare [{forleten{] .
<R 432>
Ne bi+d lang ofer +d+at +t+at Israhela +a+delu moten ofer
middangeard ma ricsian, +acr+aft eorla, gif +dis yppe bi+d,
swa +ta +t+at ilce gio min yldra f+ader sigerof
s+agde, +tam w+as Sachius nama, frod fyrnwiota,
f+ader minum, eaferan, wende hine of worulde ond +t+at word
gecw+a+d: Gif +te +t+at gelimpe on lifdagum +t+at +du
gehyre ymb +t+at halige treo frode frignan, ond geflitu
r+aran be +dam sigebeame on +tam so+dcyning ahangen w+as,
heofonrices weard, eallre sybbe bearn, +tonne +tu
snude gecy+d, min sw+as sunu, +ar +tec swylt nime.
<R 448>
Ne m+ag +afre ofer +t+at Ebrea +teod r+ad+teahtende rice
healdan, dugu+dum wealdan, ac +tara dom leofa+d ond
hira dryhtscipe, in woruld weorulda willum gefylled, +de +tone
ahangnan cyning heria+t ond lofia+d.
<R 454>
+ta ic fromlice f+ader minum, ealdum +awitan, ageaf ondsware:
Hu wolde +t+at geweor+dan on woruldrice +t+at
on +tone halgan handa sendan to feorhlege f+aderas usse +turh
wra+d gewitt, gif hie wiston +ar +t+at he Crist w+are,
cyning on roderum, so+d sunu meotudes, sawla nergend?
<R 462>
+da me yldra min ageaf ondsware, frod on fyrh+de f+ader
reordode: Ongit, guma ginga, godes heahm+agen,
nergendes naman.
<R 465>
Se is ni+da gehwam unasecgendlic, +tone sylf ne m+ag
<P 79>
on moldwege man aspyrigean.
<R 468>
N+afre ic +ta ge+teahte +te +teos +teod ongan secan wolde, ac
ic symle mec asced +tara scylda, nales sceame worhte
gaste minum.
<R 471>
Ic him georne oft +t+as unrihtes onds+ac fremede, +tonne
u+dweotan +aht bis+aton, on sefan sohton hu hie sunu
meotudes ahengon, helm wera, hlaford eallra engla ond
elda, +a+delust bearna.
<R 477>
Ne meahton hie swa disige dea+d o+df+astan, weras wons+alige,
swa hie wendon +ar, sarum settan, +teah he
sume hwile on galgan his gast onsende, sigebearn godes.
<R 481>
+ta si+d+dan w+as of rode ah+afen rodera wealdend, eallra
+trymma +trym, +treo niht si+d+dan in byrgenne bidende
w+as under +teosterlocan, ond +ta +ty +triddan d+ag ealles
leohtes leoht lifgende aras, +deoden engla,
ond his +tegnum [{hine{] , so+d sigora frea, seolfne geywde,
beorht on bl+ade.
<R 489>
+tonne bro+dor +tin onfeng +after fyrste fulwihtes b+a+d,
leohtne geleafan.
<R 491>
+ta for lufan dryhtnes Stephanus w+as stanum worpod; ne geald
he yfel yfele, ac his ealdfeondum +tingode +trohtherd,
b+ad +trymcyning +t+at he him +ta wead+ad to
wr+ace ne sette, +t+at [{hie{] for +afstum unscyldigne,
synna leasne, Sawles larum feore ber+addon, swa he +turh
feondscipe to cwale monige Cristes folces demde to dea+te.
<R 500>
Swa +teah him dryhten eft miltse gefremede, +t+at he manegum
[{wear+d{] folca to frofre, sy+d+dan him frym+da
god, ni+da nergend, naman oncyrde,
<P 80>
ond he sy+d+dan w+as sanctus Paulus be naman haten,
ond him n+anig w+as +al+arendra o+der betera under
swegles hleo sy+d+tan +afre, +tara +te wif o+d+de
wer on woruld cendan, +teah he Stephanus stanum hehte
abreotan on beorge, bro+dor +tinne.
<R 511>
Nu +du meaht gehyran, h+ale+d min se leofa, hu arf+ast is
ealles wealdend, +teah we +abylg+d wi+d hine oft
gewyrcen, synna wunde, gif we sona eft +tara bealud+ada bote
gefremma+t ond +t+as unrihtes eft geswica+t.
<R 517>
For+dan ic so+dlice ond min sw+as f+ader sy+d+tan gelyfdon
+t+at ge+trowade eallra +trymma god lifes lattiow,
la+dlic wite for ofer+tearfe ilda cynnes.
<R 522>
For+dan ic +te l+are +turh leo+dorune, hyse leofesta, +t+at
+du hospcwide, +afst ne eofuls+ac +afre ne fremme,
grimne geagncwide, wi+d godes bearne.
<R 526>
+tonne +du geearnast +t+at +te bi+d ece lif, selust sigeleana,
seald in heofonum.
<R 528>
+dus mec f+ader min on fyrndagum, unweaxenne wordum l+arde,
septe so+dcwidum, +tam w+as Symon nama, guma
[{geh+dum{] frod.
<R 531>
Nu ge geare cunnon hw+at eow +t+as on sefan selest +tince to
gecy+danne, gif +deos cwen usic frigne+d ymb
+d+at treo, nu ge fyrh+dsefan ond modge+tanc minne cunnon.
<R 536>
Him +ta togenes +ta gleawestan on wera +treate wordum m+aldon:
n+afre we hyrdon h+ale+d +anigne
<P 81>
on +tysse +teode, butan +tec nu +da, +tegn o+derne +tyslic
cy+dan ymb swa dygle wyrd.
<R 541>
Do swa +te +tynce, fyrngidda frod, gif +du frugnen sie on wera
cor+dre.
<R 543>
Wisdomes be+dearf, worda w+arlicra ond witan snyttro, se
+d+are +a+delan sceal ondwyrde agifan for +tyslicne
+treat on me+tle.
<R 547>
Weoxan word cwidum, weras +teahtedon on healfa gehw+ar, sume
hyder, sume +tyder, +trydedon ond +tohton.
<R 549>
+ta cwom +tegna heap to +tam hereme+dle.
<R 550>
Hreopon friccan, caseres bodan: Eow +teos cwen la+ta+t, secgas
to salore, +t+at ge seono+ddomas rihte reccen.
<R 553>
Is eow r+ades +tearf on me+delstede, modes snyttro.
<R 555>
Heo w+aron gearwe, geomormode leodgebyrgean, +ta hie la+dod
w+aron +turh heard gebann; to hofe eodon,
cy+ddon cr+aftes miht.
<R 558>
+ta sio cwen ongan weras Ebresce wordum negan, fricggan
fyrh+dwerige ymb fyrngewritu, hu on worulde +ar
[{witgan{] sungon, gasthalige guman, be godes bearne, hw+ar
se +teoden ge+trowade, so+d sunu meotudes, for sawla lufan.
<R 565>
Heo w+aron stearce, stane heardran, noldon +t+at geryne rihte
cy+dan, ne hire andsware +anige secgan, torngeni+dlan,
+t+as hio him to sohte, ac hio worda gehw+as wi+ders+ac
fremedon, f+aste on fyrh+de, +t+at heo frignan ongan,
cw+adon +t+at hio on aldre owiht swylces ne +ar
ne si+d +afre hyrdon.
<R 573>
Elene ma+telade ond him yrre oncw+a+d: Ic eow to so+de secgan
wille, ond +t+as in life lige ne wyr+de+d,
<P 82>
gif ge +tissum lease leng gefylga+d mid f+acne gefice, +te me
fore standa+t, +t+at eow in beorge b+al fornime+d,
hattost hea+dowelma, ond eower hra brytta+d, lacende lig,
+t+at eow sceal +t+at leas apundrad weor+dan
to woruldgedale.
<R 582>
Ne magon ge +da word gese+dan +te ge hwile nu on unriht wrigon
under womma sceatum, ne magon ge +ta wyrd bemi+dan,
bedyrnan +ta deopan mihte.
<R 584>
+da wurdon hie dea+des on wenan, ades ond endelifes, ond +t+ar
+ta +anne bet+ahton giddum gearusnottorne,
+tam w+as Iudas nama cenned for cneomagum, +tone hie +t+are
cwene agefon, s+agdon hine sundorwisne: He +te
m+ag so+d gecy+dan, onwreon wyrda geryno, swa +du hine wordum
frignest, +ariht from [{orde{] o+d ende for+d.
<R 591>
He is for eor+dan +a+deles cynnes, wordcr+aftes wis ond witgan
sunu, bald on me+dle; him gebyrde is +t+at
he gencwidas gleawe h+abbe, cr+aft in breostum.
<R 595>
He gecy+de+d +te for wera mengo wisdomes gife +turh +ta myclan
miht, swa +tin mod lufa+t.
<R 598>
Hio on sybbe forlet secan gehwylcne agenne eard, ond +tone
+anne genam, Iudas to gisle, ond +ta georne
b+ad +t+at he be +d+are rode riht get+ahte +te +ar in legere
w+as lange bedyrned, ond hine seolfne sundor acigde.
<R 604>
Elene ma+telode to +tam anhagan, tireadig cwen: +te synt tu
gearu, swa lif swa dea+d, swa +te leofre bi+d
to geceosanne.
<R 607>
Cy+d ricene nu hw+at +du +t+as to +tinge +tafian wille.
<R 609>
Iudas hire ongen +tingode ne meahte he +ta geh+du bebugan,
<P 83>
oncyrran (\rex\) geni+dlan; he w+as on +t+are cwene
gewealdum: Hu m+ag +t+am geweor+dan +te on westenne me+de ond
meteleas morland tryde+d, hungre geh+afted,
ond him hlaf ond stan on gesih+de bu [{samod{] geweor+da+d,
streac ond hnesce, +t+at he +tone stan nime wi+d
hungres hleo, hlafes ne gime, gewende to w+adle, ond +ta wiste
wi+ds+ace, beteran wi+dhyccge, +tonne he bega beneah?
<R 619>
Him +ta seo eadige ondwyrde ageaf Elene for eorlum
undearnunga: Gif +du in heofonrice habban wille eard
mid englum ond on eor+dan lif, sigorlean in swegle, saga
ricene me hw+ar seo rod wunige radorcyninges,
halig under hrusan, +te ge hwile nu +turh mor+dres man
mannum dyrndun.
<R 627>
Iudas ma+delade, him w+as geomor sefa, hat +at heortan, ond
gehw+a+dres wa, ge he heofonrices [{hyht{] swa
mode ond +tis ondwearde anforlete, rice under roderum, ge he
+da rode ne t+ahte: Hu m+ag ic +t+at findan
+t+at swa fyrn gewear+d wintra gangum?
<R 633>
Is nu worn sceacen, CC o+d+de ma geteled rime.
<R 635>
Ic ne m+ag areccan, nu ic +t+at rim ne can.
<R 636>
Is nu [{feala{] si+d+tan for+dgewitenra frodra ond godra +te
us fore w+aron, gleawra gumena.
<R 638>
Ic on geogo+de wear+d on si+ddagum sy+d+dan acenned,
cnihtgeong h+ale+d.
<R 640>
Ic ne can +t+at ic nat, findan on fyrh+de +t+at swa fyrn
gewear+d.
<R 642>
Elene ma+delade him on ondsware: Hu is +t+at geworden on
+tysse wer+teode
<P 84>
+t+at ge swa monigfeald on gemynd witon, alra tacna gehwylc
swa Troiana +turh gefeoht fremedon?
<R 646>
+t+at w+as [{fyr{] [{mycle{] , open ealdgewin, +tonne +teos
+a+dele gewyrd, geara gongum.
<R 648>
Ge +t+at geare cunnon edre gereccan, hw+at +t+ar eallra w+as
on manrime mor+dorslehtes, dare+dlacendra deadra gefeallen
under bordhagan.
<R 652>
Ge +ta byrgenna under stanhleo+dum, ond +ta stowe swa some,
ond +ta wintergerim on gewritu setton.
<R 655>
Iudas ma+delade, gnornsorge w+ag: We +t+as hereweorces,
hl+afdige min, for nyd+tearfe nean myndgia+t, ond
+ta wigg+tr+ace on gewritu setton, +teoda geb+aru, ond +tis
n+afre +turh +aniges mannes mu+d gehyrdon [{h+ale+dum{]
cy+dan, butan her nu +da.
<R 662>
Him seo +a+dele cwen ageaf ondsware: Wi+ds+acest +du to swi+de
so+de ond rihte ymb +t+at lifes treow, ond nu
lytle +ar s+agdest so+dlice be +tam sigebeame leodum +tinum,
ond nu on lige cyrrest.
<R 667>
Iudas hire ongen +tingode, cw+a+d +t+at he +t+at on geh+du
gespr+ace ond [{on{] tweon swi+dost, wende him trage
hnagre.
<R 669>
Him oncw+a+d hra+de caseres m+ag: Hw+at, we +d+at hyrdon +turh
halige bec h+ale+dum cy+dan +t+at ahangen w+as on
Caluarie cyninges freobearn, godes gastsunu.
<R 673>
+tu scealt geagninga wisdom onwreon, swa gewritu secga+t,
+after stedewange hw+ar seo stow sie [{Caluarie{] ,
+ar +tec cwealm nime, swilt for synnum, +t+at ic hie
sy+d+dan m+age gecl+ansian Criste to willan,
<P 85>
h+ale+dum to helpe, +t+at me halig god gefylle, frea mihtig,
feores inge+tanc, weoruda wuldorgeofa, willan minne,
gasta geocend.
<R 682>
Hire Iudas oncw+a+d sti+dhycgende: Ic +ta stowe ne can, ne
+t+as wanges wiht ne +ta wisan cann.
<R 685>
Elene ma+delode +turh eorne hyge: Ic +t+at geswerige +turh
sunu meotodes, +tone ahangnan god, +t+at +du hungre
scealt for cneomagum cwylmed weor+dan, butan +tu forl+ate
+ta leasunga ond me sweotollice so+d gecy+de.
<R 691>
Heht +ta swa cwicne cor+dre l+adan, scufan scyldigne scealcas
ne g+aldon in drygne sea+d, +t+ar he dugu+da
leas siomode in sorgum VII nihta fyrst under hearmlocan hungre
ge+treatod, clommum beclungen, ond +ta
cleopigan ongan sarum besylced on +tone seofe+dan d+ag, me+de
ond meteleas, m+agen w+as geswi+drod: Ic eow healsie +turh
heofona god +t+at ge me of +dyssum earfe+dum
up forl+aten, heanne fram hungres geni+dlan.
<R 701>
Ic +t+at halige treo lustum cy+de, nu ic hit leng ne m+ag
helan for hungre.
<R 703>
Is +tes h+aft to +dan strang, +treanyd +t+as +tearl ond +tes
+troht to +d+as heard dogorrimum.
<R 705>
Ic adreogan ne m+ag, ne leng helan be +dam lifes treo, +teah
ic +ar mid dysige +turhdrifen w+are ond +d+at
so+d to late seolf gecneowe.
<R 709>
+ta +d+at gehyrde sio +t+ar h+ale+dum scead, beornes geb+aro,
hio bebead hra+de +t+at hine man of nearwe ond of nydcleofan,
fram +tam engan hofe, up forlete.
<R 713>
Hie +d+at ofstlice efnedon sona, ond hine mid arum up
gel+addon of carcerne, swa him seo cwen bebead.
<P 86>
<R 716>
Stopon +ta to +t+are stowe sti+dhycgende on +ta dune up +de
dryhten +ar ahangen w+as, heofonrices weard, godbearn
on galgan, ond hw+a+dre geare nyste, hungre gehyned,
hw+ar sio [{halige{] rod, +turh [{feondes{] searu
foldan getyned, lange legere f+ast leodum dyrne wunode
w+alreste.
<R 723>
Word stunde ahof elnes oncy+dig, ond on Ebrisc spr+ac: Dryhten
h+alend, +tu +de ahst doma geweald, ond +tu geworhtest
+turh +tines wuldres miht heofon ond eor+dan ond
holm+tr+ace, s+as sidne f+a+dm, samod ealle gesceaft,
ond +tu am+ate mundum +tinum ealne ymbhwyrft ond
uprador, ond +tu sylf sitest, sigora waldend,
ofer +tam +a+delestan engelcynne, +te geond lyft fara+d
leohte bewundene, mycle m+agen+trymme.
<R 734>
Ne m+ag +t+ar manna gecynd of eor+dwegum up geferan in
lichoman mid +ta leohtan gedryht, wuldres aras.
<R 737>
+tu geworhtest +ta ond to +tegnunge +tinre gesettest, halig
ond heofonlic.
<R 739>
+tara on hade sint in sindreame syx genemned, +ta ymbsealde
synt mid syxum eac fi+drum gefr+atwad, f+agere scina+t.
<R 743>
+tara [{sint{] IIII +te on flihte a +ta +tegnunge +trymme
beweotiga+t fore onsyne eces deman, singallice singa+t
in wuldre h+adrum stefnum heofoncininges lof, wo+da
wlitegaste, ond +tas word cwe+da+t cl+anum stefnum,
+tam is ceruphin nama:
<P 87>
Halig is se halga heahengla god,
weoroda wealdend.
<R 751>
Is +d+as wuldres ful heofun ond eor+de ond eall heahm+agen,
tire getacnod.
<R 753>
Syndon tu on +tam, sigorcynn on swegle, +te man seraphin be
naman hate+d.
<R 755>
He sceal neorxnawang ond lifes treo legene sweorde halig
healdan.
<R 757>
Heardecg cwaca+t, beofa+t brogdenm+al, ond bleom wrixle+d
grapum gryref+ast.
<R 759>
+t+as +du, god dryhten, wealdest widan fyrh+d, ond +tu
womfulle scyldwyrcende scea+dan of radorum awurpe
wonhydige.
<R 762>
+ta sio werge sceolu under heolstorhofu hreosan sceolde in
wita forwyrd, +t+ar hie in wylme nu dreoga+t
dea+dcwale in dracan f+a+dme, +teostrum for+tylmed.
<R 766>
He +tinum wi+dsoc aldordome.
<R 767>
+t+as he in erm+dum sceal, ealra fula ful, fah +trowian,
+teowned +tolian.
<R 769>
+t+ar he +tin ne m+ag word aweorpan, is in witum f+ast, ealre
synne fruma, [{susle{] gebunden.
<R 772>
Gif +tin willa sie, wealdend engla, +t+at ricsie se +de on
rode w+as, ond +turh Marian in middangeard acenned wear+d
in cildes had, +teoden engla, gif he +tin n+are
sunu synna leas, n+afre he so+dra swa feala in woruldrice
wundra gefremede dogorgerimum; no +du of dea+de
hine swa +trymlice, +teoda wealdend, aweahte for weorodum,
gif he in wuldre +tin +turh +da beorhtan
bearn ne w+are, gedo nu, f+ader engla, for+d beacen +tin.
<R 784>
Swa +du gehyrdest +tone halgan wer
<P 88>
Moyses on me+dle, +ta +du,
mihta god, [{geywdest{] +tam eorle on +ta +a+delan
tid under beorhhli+de ban Iosephes, swa ic +te, weroda wyn,
gif hit sie willa +tin, +turg +t+at beorhte
gesceap biddan wille +t+at me +t+at goldhord, gasta scyppend,
geopenie, +t+at yldum w+as lange behyded.
<R 792>
Forl+at nu, lifes fruma, of +dam wangstede wynsumne up under
radores ryne rec astigan lyftlacende.
<R 795>
Ic gelyfe +te sel ond +ty f+astlicor ferh+d sta+delige, hyht
untweondne, on +tone ahangnan Crist, +t+at he
sie so+dlice sawla nergend, ece +almihtig, Israhela cining,
walde widan ferh+d wuldres on heofenum, a
butan ende ecra gestealda.
<R 802>
+da of +d+are stowe steam up aras swylce rec under radorum.
<R 803>
+t+ar ar+ared wear+d beornes breostsefa.
<R 804>
He mid b+am handum, eadig ond +agleaw, upweard plegade.
<R 806>
Iudas ma+telode, gleaw in ge+tance: Nu ic +turh so+d hafu
seolf gecnawen on heardum hige +t+at +du h+alend
eart middangeardes.
<R 809>
Sie +de, m+agena god, +trymsittendum +tanc butan ende, +t+as
+du me swa me+dum ond swa manweorcum +turh +tin
wuldor inwrige wyrda geryno.
<R 813>
Nu ic +te, bearn godes, biddan wille, weoroda willgifa, nu ic
wat +t+at +du eart gecy+ded ond acenned allra cyninga +trym,
+t+at +du ma ne sie minra gylta, +tara +te
ic gefremede nalles feam si+dum, metud, gemyndig.
<R 818>
L+at mec, mihta god, on rimtale rices +tines mid haligra hlyte
wunigan
<P 89>
in +t+are beorhtan byrig, +t+ar is
bro+dor min geweor+dod in wuldre, +t+as he w+are wi+d +tec,
Stephanus, heold, +teah he stangreopum worpod
w+are.
<R 824>
He hafa+d wigges lean, bl+ad butan blinne.
<R 825>
Sint in bocum his wundor +ta he worhte on gewritum cy+ded.
<R 827>
Ongan +ta wilf+agen +after +tam wuldres treo, elnes anhydig,
eor+dan delfan under turfhagan, +t+at he on XX fotm+alum
feor funde behelede, under neolum ni+der n+asse
gehydde in +teostorcofan.
<R 832>
He +d+ar III mette in +tam reonian hofe roda +atsomne, greote
begrauene, swa hio geardagum arleasra sceolu eor+dan
be+teahton, Iudea [{cynn{] .
<R 836>
Hie wi+d godes bearne ni+d ahofun, swa hie no sceoldon, +t+ar
hie leahtra fruman larum ne hyrdon.
<R 839>
+ta w+as modgemynd myclum geblissod, hige onhyrded, +turh
+t+at halige treo, inbryrded breostsefa, sy+d+dan beacen
geseh, halig under hrusan.
<R 842>
He mid handum befeng wuldres wynbeam, ond mid weorode ahof of
foldgr+afe.
<R 844>
Fe+degestas eodon, +a+delingas, in on +ta ceastre.
<R 846>
Asetton +ta on gesyh+de sigebeamas III eorlas anhydige fore
Elenan cneo, collenferh+de.
<R 848>
Cwen weorces gefeah on ferh+dsefan, ond +ta frignan ongan on
hwylcum +tara beama bearn wealdendes, h+ale+da hyhtgifa,
hangen w+are: Hw+at, we +t+at hyrdon +turh
halige bec tacnum cy+dan, +t+at twegen mid
him ge+trowedon, ond he w+as +tridda sylf on rode treo.
<R 855>
Rodor eal geswearc on +ta sli+dan tid.
<R 856>
Saga, gif +du cunne,
<P 90>
on hwylcre +tyssa +treora +teoden engla
ge+trowode, +trymmes hyrde.
<R 859>
Ne meahte hire Iudas, ne ful gere wiste, sweotole gecy+tan be
+dam sigebeame, on [{hwylcne{] se h+alend ahafen w+are,
sigebearn godes, +ar he asettan heht on +tone
middel +t+are m+aran byrig beamas mid bearhtme,
ond gebidan +t+ar o+d+d+at him gecy+dde cyning +almihtig
wundor for weorodum be +dam wuldres treo.
<R 867>
Ges+aton sigerofe, sang ahofon, r+ad+teahtende, ymb +ta roda
+treo o+d +ta nigo+dan tid, h+afdon neowne gefean m+ar+dum
gemeted.
<R 870>
+ta +t+ar menigo cwom, folc unlytel, ond gef+arenne man
brohton on b+are beorna +treate on neaweste, w+as
+ta nigo+de tid, gingne gastleasne.
<R 874>
+ta +d+ar Iudas w+as on modsefan miclum geblissod.
<R 876>
Heht +ta asettan sawlleasne, life belidenes lic on eor+dan,
unlifgendes, ond up ahof rihtes wemend +tara roda twa
fyrh+dgleaw on f+a+dme ofer +t+at f+age hus,
deophycgende.
<R 881>
Hit w+as dead swa +ar, lic legere f+ast.
<R 882>
Leomu colodon +treanedum be+teaht.
<R 883>
+ta sio +tridde w+as ahafen halig.
<R 884>
Hra w+as on anbide o+d+d+at him uppan +a+delinges w+as rod
ar+ared, rodorcyninges beam, sigebeacen so+d.
<R 887>
He sona aras gaste gegearwod, geador bu samod lic ond sawl.
<R 889>
+t+ar w+as lof hafen f+ager mid +ty folce.
<R 890>
F+ader weor+dodon, ond +tone so+dan sunu wealdendes wordum
heredon.
<R 892>
Sie him wuldor ond +tanc a butan ende eallra gesceafta.
<P 91>
<R 894>
+da w+as +tam folce on ferh+dsefan, ingemynde, swa him a
scyle, wundor +ta +te worhte weoroda dryhten to
feorhnere fira cynne, lifes lattiow.
<R 898>
+ta +t+ar ligesynnig on lyft astah lacende feond.
<R 900>
Ongan +ta hleo+drian helledeofol, eatol +acl+aca, yfela
gemyndig: Hw+at is +tis, la, manna, +te minne eft
+turh fyrngeflit folga+t wyrde+d, ice+d ealdne ni+d, +ahta
strude+d?
<R 905>
+tis is singal sacu.
Sawla ne moton manfremmende in minum leng +ahtum wunigan.
<R 907>
Nu cwom el+teodig, +tone ic +ar on firenum f+astne talde,
hafa+d mec bereafod rihta gehwylces, feohgestreona.
<R 910>
Nis +d+at f+ager si+d.
<R 911>
Feala me se h+alend hearma gefremede, ni+da nearolicra, se +de
in Nazare+d afeded w+as.
<R 913>
Sy+d+dan fur+tum weox of cildhade, symle cirde to him +ahte
mine.
<R 915>
Ne mot +anige nu rihte spowan.
<R 916>
Is his rice brad ofer middangeard.
<R 917>
Min is geswi+drod r+ad under roderum.
<R 918>
Ic +ta rode ne +tearf hleahtre herigean.
<R 919>
Hw+at, se h+alend me in +tam engan ham oft getynde, geomrum to
sorge.
<R 921>
Ic +turh Iudas +ar hyhtful gewear+d, ond nu gehyned eom, goda
geasne, +turh Iudas eft, fah ond freondleas.
<R 924>
Gen ic [{findan{] can +turh wrohtstafas wi+dercyr [{si+d+dan{]
of +dam wearhtreafum, ic [{awecce{] wi+d +de o+derne
cyning, se ehte+d +tin, ond he forl+ate+d lare +tine ond
man+teawum minum folga+t,
<P 92>
ond +tec +tonne sende+d in
+ta sweartestan ond +ta wyrrestan witebrogan, +t+at +du,
sarum forsoht, wi+ds+acest f+aste +tone ahangnan cyning,
+tam +du hyrdest +ar.
<R 934>
Him +da gleawhydig Iudas oncw+a+d, H+ale+d hildedeor, him w+as
halig gast befolen f+aste, fyrhat lufu, weallende gewitt
+turh [{witgan{] snyttro, ond +t+at word gecw+a+d,
wisdomes ful: Ne +tearft +du swa swi+de, synna gemyndig,
sar niwigan ond s+ace r+aran, mor+dres manfrea,
+t+at [{+te{] se mihtiga cyning in neolnesse ny+der
bescufe+d, synwyrcende, in susla grund domes leasne, se +de
deadra feala worde awehte.
<R 945>
Wite +du +te gearwor +t+at +du unsnyttrum anforlete leohta
beorhtost ond lufan dryhtnes, +tone f+agran gefean,
ond on fyrb+a+de suslum be+trungen sy+d+dan wunodest, ade
on+aled, ond +t+ar awa scealt, wi+derhycgende,
werg+du dreogan, yrm+du butan ende.
<R 952>
Elene gehyrde hu se feond ond se freond geflitu r+ardon,
tireadig ond trag, on twa halfa, synnig ond ges+alig.
<R 955>
Sefa w+as +te gl+adra +t+as +te heo gehyrde +tone
hellescea+tan [{oferswi+dedne{] , synna bryttan, ond +ta
wundrade ymb +t+as weres snyttro, hu he swa geleafful on swa
lytlum
f+ace ond swa uncy+dig +afre wurde, gleawnesse +turhgoten.
<R 961>
Gode +tancode, wuldorcyninge, +t+as hire se willa gelamp +turh
bearn godes bega gehw+a+dres, ge +at +t+are gesyh+de
+t+as sigebeames,
<P 93>
ge +d+as geleafan +te hio swa leohte
oncneow, wuldorf+aste gife in +t+as weres breostum.
<R 967>
+da w+as gefrege in +t+are folcsceare, geond +ta wer+teode
wide l+aded, m+are morgenspel manigum on andan +tara +te
dryhtnes +a dyrnan woldon, [{boden{] +after burgum,
swa brimo f+a+dme+d, in ceastra gehw+are,
+t+at Cristes [{rod{] , fyrn foldan begr+afen,
funden w+are, selest sigebeacna +tara +te si+d
o+d+de +ar halig under heofenum ahafen wurde,
ond w+as Iudeum gnornsorga m+ast, werum
wans+aligum, wyrda la+dost, +t+ar hie hit for
worulde wendan meahton, cristenra gefean.
<R 979>
+da sio cwen bebead ofer eorlm+agen aras fysan ricene to rade.
<R 981>
Sceoldon Romwarena ofer heanne holm hlaford secean ond +tam
wiggende wilspella m+ast seolfum gesecgan,
[{+t+at{] +d+at sigorbeacen +turh meotodes est meted w+are,
funden in foldan, +t+at +ar feala m+ala behyded
w+as halgum to teonan, cristenum folce.
<R 988>
+ta +dam cininge wear+d +turh +ta m+aran word mod geblissod,
ferh+d gefeonde.
<R 990>
N+as +ta fricgendra under goldhoman gad in burgum, feorran
geferede.
<R 992>
W+as him frofra m+ast geworden in worlde +at +dam willspelle,
hlihende hyge, +te him herer+aswan ofer eastwegas,
aras brohton, hu gesundne si+d ofer [{swonrade{]
secgas mid sigecwen [{aseted{] h+afdon on Creca land.
<R 998>
Hie se casere heht ofstum myclum eft gearwian sylfe to si+de.
<R 1000>
Secgas ne g+aldon
<P 94>
sy+d+dan andsware edre gehyrdon, +a+delinges word.
<R 1002>
Heht he Elenan h+al abeodan beadurofre, gif hie brim nesen ond
gesundne si+d settan mosten, h+ale+d hw+atmode,
to +t+are halgan byrig.
<R 1006>
Heht hire +ta aras eac gebeodan Constantinus +t+at hio cirican
+t+ar on +tam beorhhli+de begra r+adum getimbrede,
tempel dryhtnes on Caluarie Criste to willan, h+ale+dum
to helpe, +t+ar sio halige rod gemeted w+as,
m+arost beama +tara +te gefrugnen foldbuende on eor+dwege.
<R 1014>
Hio geefnde swa, si+d+dan winemagas westan brohton ofer
laguf+asten leofspell manig.
<R 1017>
+da seo cwen bebead cr+aftum getyde sundor asecean +ta
selestan, +ta +te wr+atlicost wyrcan cu+don stangefogum,
on +tam stedewange girwan godes tempel, swa hire gasta
weard reord of roderum.
<R 1022>
Heo +ta rode heht golde beweorcean ond gimcynnum, mid +tam
+a+delestum eorcnanstanum [{besettan{] searocr+aftum
ond +ta in seolfren f+at locum belucan.
<R 1026>
+t+ar +t+at lifes treo, selest sigebeama, si+d+dan wunode
[{+a+delum{] [{anbr+ace{] .
<R 1028>
+t+ar bi+d a gearu wra+du wannhalum wita gehwylces, s+ace ond
sorge.
<R 1030>
Hie sona +t+ar +turh +ta halgan gesceaft helpe finda+t,
godcunde gife.
<R 1032>
Swylce Iudas onfeng +after fyrstmearce fulwihtes b+a+d, ond
gecl+ansod wear+d Criste getrywe, lifwearde
leof.
<R 1035>
His geleafa wear+d f+ast on ferh+de, si+d+dan frofre gast
<P 95>
wic gewunode in +t+as weres breostum, bylde to bote.
<R 1038>
He +t+at betere geceas, wuldres wynne, ond +tam wyrsan
wi+dsoc, deofulgildum, ond gedwolan fylde, unrihte +a.
<R 1041>
Him wear+d ece (\rex\) , meotud milde, god, mihta wealdend.
<R 1043>
+ta w+as gefulwad se +de +ar feala tida leoht gearu inbryrded
breostsefa on +t+at betere lif, gewended to
wuldre.
<R 1046>
Huru, wyrd gescreaf +t+at he swa geleaffull ond swa leof gode
in worldrice weor+dan sceolde, Criste gecweme.
<R 1049>
+t+at gecy+ded wear+d, si+d+dan Elene heht Eusebium on
r+adge+teaht, Rome bisceop, gefetian on fultum,
for+dsnoterne, h+ale+da ger+adum to +t+are halgan byrig,
+t+at he gesette on sacerdhad in Ierusalem Iudas
+tam folce to bisceope burgum on innan,
+turh gastes gife to godes temple cr+aftum gecorene,
ond hine Cyriacus +turh snyttro ge+teaht sy+d+dan
nemde niwan stefne.
<R 1060>
Nama w+as gecyrred beornes in burgum on +t+at betere for+d,
+a h+alendes.
<R 1062>
+ta gen Elenan w+as mod gemynde ymb +ta m+aran wyrd, geneahhe
for +tam n+aglum +te +d+as nergendes fet +turhwodon
ond his folme swa some, mid +tam on rode w+as rodera
wealdend gef+astnod, frea mihtig.
<R 1067>
Be +dam frignan ongan cristenra cwen, Cyriacus b+ad +t+at hire
+ta gina gastes mihtum ymb wundorwyrd willan gefylde,
onwrige wuldorgifum, ond +t+at word acw+a+d to
+tam bisceope, bald reordode: +tu me, eorla hleo,
+tone +a+delan beam,
<P 96>
rode rodera [{cininges{] ryhte get+ahtes+d,
on +ta ahangen w+as h+a+denum folmum gasta geocend,
godes agen bearn, nerigend fira.
<R 1077>
Mec +t+ara n+agla gen on fyrh+dsefan fyrwet mynga+t.
<R 1079>
Wolde ic +t+at +du funde +ta +de in foldan gen deope bedolfen
dierne sindon, heolstre behyded.
<R 1081>
A min hige sorga+d, reonig reote+d, ond gereste+d no +ar+tan
me gefylle f+ader +almihtig, wereda wealdend,
willan minne, ni+da nergend, +turh +tara n+agla cyme, halig
of hieh+da.
<R 1086>
Nu +du hr+adlice eallum ea+dmedum, ar selesta, +tine bene
onsend in +da beorhtan gesceaft, on wuldres wyn.
<R 1089>
Bide wigena +trym +t+at +te gecy+de, cyning +almihtig, hord
under hrusan +t+at gehyded gen, dugu+dum dyrne,
deogol bide+d.
<R 1093>
+ta se halga ongan hyge sta+dolian, breostum onbryrded,
bisceop +t+as folces.
<R 1095>
Gl+admod eode gumena +treate god hergendra, ond +ta geornlice
Cyriacus on [{Caluarie{] hleor onhylde, hygerune ne ma+d,
gastes mihtum to gode cleopode eallum ea+dmedum,
b+ad him engla weard geopenigean uncu+de wyrd,
niwan on nearwe, hw+ar he +tara n+agla swi+dost on
+tam wangstede wenan +torfte.
<R 1104>
Leort +da tacen for+d, +t+ar hie to s+agon, f+ader, frofre
gast, +durh fyres bleo up e+digean +t+ar +ta +a+delestan
h+ale+da ger+adum hydde w+aron +turh nearusearwe, n+aglas
on eor+dan.
<R 1109>
+da cwom semninga sunnan beorhtra
<P 97>
lacende lig.
<R 1110>
Leode gesawon hira willgifan wundor cy+dan, +da +d+ar of
heolstre, swylce heofonsteorran o+d+de [{goldgimmas{] ,
grunde getenge, n+aglas of nearwe neo+dan scinende leohte
lixton.
<R 1115>
Leode gef+agon, weorud willhre+dig, s+agdon wuldor gode ealle
anmode, +teah hie +ar w+aron +turh deofles spild in
gedwolan lange, acyrred fram Criste.
<R 1119>
Hie cw+adon +tus: Nu we seolfe geseo+d sigores tacen,
so+dwundor godes, +teah we wi+dsocun +ar mid leasingum.
<R 1122>
Nu is in leoht cymen, onwrigen, wyrda bigang.
<R 1123>
Wuldor +t+as age on heannesse heofonrices god.
<R 1125>
+da w+as geblissod se +de to bote gehwearf +turh bearn godes,
bisceop +tara leoda, niwan stefne.
<R 1127>
He [{+tam{] [{n+aglum{] onfeng, egesan geaclod, ond +t+are
arwyr+dan cwene brohte.
<R 1129>
H+afde Ciriacus eall gefylled, swa him seo +a+dele bebead,
wifes willan.
<R 1131>
+ta w+as wopes hring, hat heafodwylm ofer hleor goten, nalles
for torne tearas feollon ofer wira gespon, wuldres gefylled
cwene willa.
<R 1135>
Heo on cneow sette leohte geleafan, lac weor+dode, blissum
hremig, +te hire brungen w+as gnyrna to geoce.
<R 1138>
Gode +tancode, sigora dryhtne, +t+as +te hio so+d gecneow
ondweardlice +t+at w+as oft bodod feor +ar beforan
fram fruman worulde, folcum to frofre.
<R 1142>
Heo gefylled w+as wisdomes gife, ond +ta wic beheold halig
heofonlic gast, hre+der weardode, +a+delne inno+d,
swa hie +almihtig sigebearn godes sio+d+dan freo+dode.
<P 98>
<R 1147>
Ongan +ta geornlice gastgerynum on sefan secean so+df+astnesse
weg to wuldre.
<R 1149>
Huru, [{weroda{] god gefull+aste, f+ader on roderum, cining
+almihtig, +t+at seo cwen begeat willan in worulde.
<R 1152>
W+as se witedom +turh fyrnwitan beforan sungen eall +after
orde, swa hit eft gelamp +dinga gehwylces.
<R 1155>
+teodcwen ongan +turh gastes gife georne secan nearwe
geneahhe, to hwan hio +ta n+aglas selost ond deorlicost
gedon meahte, dugo+dum to hro+der, hw+at +t+as w+are
dryhtnes willa.
<R 1160>
heht +da gefetigean for+dsnotterne ricene to rune, +tone +te
r+adge+teaht +turh gleawe miht georne cu+de,
frodne on ferh+de, ond hine frignan ongan hw+at him +t+as on
sefan selost +tuhte to gel+astenne, ond his
lare geceas +turh +teodscipe.
<R 1166>
He hire [{+triste{] oncw+a+d: +t+at is gedafenlic +t+at +du
dryhtnes word on hyge healde, halige rune, cwen [{seleste{] ,
ond +t+as cininges bebod georne begange, nu +te god
sealde sawle sigesped ond snyttro cr+aft, nerigend fira.
<R 1172>
+tu +das n+aglas hat +tam +a+delestan eor+dcyninga burgagendra
on his bridels don, meare to midlum.
<R 1175>
+t+at manigum sceall geond middangeard m+are weor+dan,
+tonne +at s+acce mid +ty oferswi+dan m+age feonda gehwylcne,
+tonne fyrdhwate on twa healfe tohtan seca+t,
sweordgeni+dlan, +t+ar hie ymb [{sige{] [{winna+d{] , wra+d
wi+d wra+dum.
<R 1181>
He ah +at wigge sped, sigor +at s+acce, ond sybbe gehw+ar,
<P 99>
+at gefeohte fri+d, se +de [{foran{] l+ade+d bridels
on blancan, +tonne beadurofe +at gar+tr+ace, guman gecoste,
bera+d bord ond ord.
<R 1186>
+tis bi+d beorna gehwam wi+d +agl+ace unoferswi+ded w+apen +at
wigge.
<R 1188>
Be +dam se witga sang, snottor searu+tancum, sefa deop gewod,
wisdomes gewitt, he +t+at word gecw+a+d:
Cu+t +t+at gewyr+de+d +t+at +t+as cyninges sceal mearh under
modegum midlum geweor+dod, bridelshringum.
<R 1193>
Bi+d +t+at beacen gode halig nemned, ond se hw+ateadig, wigge
weor+dod, se +t+at wicg byr+d.
<R 1196>
+ta +t+at ofstlice eall gel+aste Elene for eorlum.
<R 1197>
+a+delinges heht, beorna beaggifan, bridels fr+atwan, hire
selfre suna sende to lace ofer geofenes stream gife unscynde.
<R 1201>
Heht +ta tosomne +ta heo seleste mid Iudeum gumena wiste,
h+ale+da cynnes, to +t+are halgan byrig cuman in +ta ceastre.
<R 1204>
+ta seo cwen ongan l+aran leofra heap +t+at hie lufan
dryhtnes, ond sybbe swa same sylfra betweonum,
freondr+addenne, f+aste gel+aston leahtorlease in hira lifes
tid, ond +t+as latteowes larum hyrdon, cristenum +teawum,
+te him Cyriacus bude, boca gleaw.
<R 1211>
W+as se bissceophad f+agere bef+asted.
<R 1212>
Oft him feorran to laman, limseoce, lefe cwomon, healte,
heorudreorige, hreofe ond blinde, heane, hygegeomre,
symle h+alo +t+ar +at +tam bisceope, bote fundon
ece to aldre.
<R 1217>
+ta gen him Elene forgeaf sincweor+dunga, +ta hio w+as si+des
fus eft to e+dle, ond +ta eallum bebead
<P 100>
on +tam gumrice god hergendum, werum ond wifum, +t+at hie
weor+deden mode ond m+agene +tone m+aran d+ag,
heortan gehigdum, in +dam sio halige rod gemeted w+as,
m+arost beama +tara +te of eor+dan up aweoxe,
geloden under leafum.
<R 1226>
W+as +ta lencten agan butan VI nihtum +ar sumeres cyme on
Maias [{kalend{] .
<R 1228>
Sie +tara manna gehwam behliden helle duru, heofones ontyned,
ece geopenad engla rice, dream unhwilen, ond hira d+al
scired mid Marian, +te on gemynd nime +t+are
deorestan d+agweor+dunga rode under roderum,
+ta se [{ricesta{] ealles oferwealdend earme be+teahte.
<R 1235>
(\Finit.\)
<R 1236>
+tus ic frod ond fus +turh +t+at f+acne hus [{wordcr+aftum{]
w+af ond wundrum l+as, +tragum +treodude ond ge+tanc
reodode nihtes nearwe.
<R 1239>
Nysse ic gearwe be +d+are [{rode{] riht +ar me rumran ge+teaht
+turh +da m+aran miht on modes +teaht wisdom onwreah.
<R 1242>
Ic w+as weorcum fah synnum as+aled, sorgum gew+aled, bitrum
gebunden, [{bisgum{] be+trungen, +ar me lare onlag
+turh leohtne had gamelum to geoce, gife unscynde
m+agencyning am+at ond on gemynd begeat, torht ontynde,
tidum gerymde, bancofan onband, breostlocan onwand,
leo+ducr+aft onleac.
<R 1250>
+t+as ic lustum breac, willum in worlde.
<R 1251>
Ic +t+as wuldres treowes oft, nales +ane, h+afde ingemynd +ar
ic +t+at wundor onwrigen h+afde ymb +tone beorhtan beam,
swa ic on bocum fand, wyrda gangum, on gewritum cy+dan
<P 101>
be +dam sigebeacne.
<R 1256>
A w+as [{secg{] o+d +d+at cnyssed cearwelmum, (}C}) drusende,
+teah he in medohealle ma+dmas +tege, +aplede gold.
<R 1259>
(}Y}) gnornode (}N}) gefera, nearusorge dreah, enge rune,
+t+ar him (}E}) fore milpa+das m+at, modig +tr+agde wirum
gewlenced.
<R 1263>
(}W}) is geswi+drad, gomen +after gearum, geogo+d is gecyrred,
ald onmedla.
<R 1265>
(}U}) w+as geara geogo+dhades gl+am.
<R 1266>
Nu synt geardagas +after fyrstmearce for+d gewitene, lifwynne
geliden, swa (}L}) toglide+d, flodas gefysde.
<R 1269>
(}F}) +aghwam bi+d l+ane under lyfte; landes fr+atwe gewita+t
under wolcnum winde geliccost, +tonne he for h+ale+dum hlud
astige+d, w+a+de+d be wolcnum, wedende f+are+d
ond eft semninga swige gewyr+de+d, in nedcleofan
nearwe gehea+drod, +tream for+trycced.
<R 1277>
Swa [{a{] +teos world eall gewite+d, ond eac swa some +te hire
on wurdon atydrede, tionleg nime+d, +donne dryhten sylf
dom gesece+d engla weorude.
<R 1281>
Sceall +aghwylc +d+ar reordberendra riht gehyran d+ada
gehwylcra +turh +t+as deman mu+d, ond worda swa same
wed gesyllan, eallra unsnyttro +ar gesprecenra, +tristra
ge+tonca.
<R 1286>
+tonne on +treo d+ale+d in fyres feng folc anra gehwylc, +tara
+te gewurdon on widan feore ofer sidne grund.
<R 1289>
So+df+aste bio+d yfemest in +tam ade, eadigra gedryht, dugu+d
domgeorne, swa hie adreogan magon
<P 102>
ond butan earfe+dum ea+de ge+tolian, modigra m+agen.
<R 1293>
Him gemetga+t eall [{+aldes{] leoma, swa him e+dost bi+d,
sylfum geseftost.
<R 1295>
Synfulle beo+d, mane gemengde, in +dam midle +tread, h+ale+d
higegeomre, in hatne wylm, +trosme be+tehte.
<R 1298>
Bi+d se +tridda d+al, awyrgede womscea+dan, in +t+as wylmes
grund, lease leodhatan, lige bef+asted +turh +argewyrht,
arleasra sceolu, in gleda gripe.
<R 1302>
Gode no sy+d+dan of +dam mor+dorhofe in gemynd cuma+d,
wuldorcyninge, ac hie worpene beo+d of +dam hea+duwylme
in hellegrund, torngeni+dlan.
<R 1306>
Bi+d +tam twam d+alum ungelice.
<R 1307>
Moton engla frean geseon, sigora god.
<R 1308>
Hie asodene beo+d, asundrod fram synnum, swa sm+ate gold +t+at
in wylme bi+d womma gehwylces +turh ofnes
fyr eall gecl+ansod, amered ond gemylted.
<R 1312>
Swa bi+d +tara manna +alc ascyred ond asceaden scylda
gehwylcre, deopra firena, +turh +t+as domes fyr.
<R 1315>
Moton +tonne si+d+tan sybbe brucan, eces eadwelan.
<R 1316>
Him bi+d engla weard milde ond bli+de, +t+as +de hie mana
gehwylc forsawon, synna weorc, ond to suna metudes
wordum cleopodon.
<R 1319>
For+dan hie nu on wlite scina+t englum gelice, yrfes bruca+t
wuldorcyninges to widan feore.
<R 1321>
Amen.

<Q OX/3 XX XX JULOE>
<N JULIANA>
<A CYNEWULF>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.5^]
<P 113>
[} [\JULIANA\] }]
<R 1>
Hw+at. We +d+at hyrdon h+ale+d eahtian, deman d+adhwate,
+t+atte in dagum gelamp Maximianes, se geond middangeard, 
arleas cyning, eahtnysse ahof, cwealde cristne men, circan 
fylde, geat on gr+aswong [{godhergendra{] , h+a+ten hildfruma,
haligra blod, ryhtfremmendra.
<R 8>
W+as his rice brad, wid ond weor+dlic ofer wer+teode, lytesna
ofer ealne yrmenne grund.
<R 11>
Foron +after burgum, swa he biboden h+afde, +tegnas
+try+dfulle.
<R 12>
[{Oft{] hi +tr+ace r+ardon, d+adum gedwolene, +ta +te dryhtnes
+a feodon +turh firencr+aft.
<R 14>
Feondscype r+ardon, hofon h+a+tengield, halge cwelmdon,
breotun boccr+aftge, [{b+arndon{] gecorene, g+aston 
godes cempan gare ond lige.
<R 18>
Sum w+as +ahtwelig +a+teles cynnes rice gerefa.
<R 19>
Rondburgum weold, eard weardade oftast symle in +t+are ceastre
Commedia, heold hordgestreon.
<R 22>
Oft he h+a+tengield ofer word godes, weoh gesohte neode
geneahhe.
<R 24>
W+as him noma cenned Heliseus, h+afde ealdordom micelne ond
m+arne.
<R 26>
+da his mod ongon 
<P 114>
f+amnan lufian, hine fyrwet br+ac, Iulianan.
<R 28>
Hio in g+aste b+ar halge treowe, hogde georne +t+at hire
m+ag+dhad mana gehwylces fore Cristes lufan cl+ane geheolde.
<R 32>
+da w+as sio f+amne mid hyre f+ader willan welegum biweddad;
wyrd ne ful cu+te, freondr+adenne hu heo from 
hogde, geong on g+aste.
<R 35>
Hire w+as godes egsa mara in gemyndum, +tonne eall +t+at
ma+t+tumgesteald +te in +t+as +a+telinges +ahtum wunade.
<R 38>
+ta w+as se weliga [{+t+ara{] wifgifta, goldspedig guma, georn
on mode, +t+at him mon fromlicast f+amnan gegyrede, 
bryd to bolde.
<R 41>
Heo +t+as beornes lufan f+aste wi+dhogde, +teah +te
feohgestreon under hordlocan, hyrsta unrim +ahte ofer eor+tan.
<R 43>
Heo +t+at eal forseah, ond +t+at word acw+a+d on wera mengu:
[{Ic{] +te m+ag gesecgan +t+at +tu +tec sylfne ne +tearft 
swi+tor swencan.
<R 47>
Gif +tu so+dne god lufast ond gelyfest, ond his lof r+arest,
ongietest g+asta hleo, ic beo gearo sona unwaclice 
willan +tines.
<R 51>
Swylce ic +te secge, gif +tu to s+amran gode +turh deofolgield
d+ade bi+tencest, h+ats+d h+a+tenweoh, ne meaht 
+tu habban mec, ne ge+treatian +te to gesingan.
<R 55>
N+afre +tu +t+as swi+dlic sar gegearwast +turh h+astne ni+d
heardra wita, +t+at +tu mec onwende worda +tissa.
<R 58>
+da se +a+teling wear+d yrre gebolgen, firend+adum fah,
gehyrde +t+are f+amnan word, het +da gefetigan ferend 
snelle, hreoh ond hygeblind, haligre f+ader, recene to rune.
<R 62>
Reord up astag, si+t+tan hy tog+adre garas hl+andon,
<P 115>
hilde+tremman.
<R 64>
H+a+dne w+aron begen synnum seoce, sweor ond a+tum.
<R 66>
+da reordode rices hyrde wi+d +t+are f+amnan f+ader frecne
mode, dara+dh+abbende: Me +tin dohtor hafa+d geywed orwyr+du.
<R 69>
Heo me on an saga+d +t+at heo m+aglufan minre ne gyme,
freondr+adenne.
<R 71>
Me +ta frace+du sind on modsefan m+aste weorce, +t+at heo mec
swa torne t+ale gerahte fore +tissum folce, 
het me fremdne god, ofer +ta o+tre +te we +ar cu+ton, welum
weor+tian, wordum lofian, on hyge hergan, o+t+te hi nabban.
<R 78>
geswearc +ta swi+dfer+d [{sweor{] +after worde, +t+are f+amnan
f+ader, fer+dlocan onspeon: ic +t+at geswerge +turh
so+d godu, swa ic are +at him +afre finde, o+t+te, +teoden,
+at +te +tine hyldu winburgum in, gif +tas word 
sind so+t, monna leofast, +te +tu me sagast, +t+at ic hy ne
sparige, ac on spild giefe, +teoden m+ara, +te to 
[{gewealde{] .
<R 87>
Dem +tu hi to dea+te, gif +te gedafen +tince, swa to life
l+at, swa +te leofre sy.
<R 89>
Eode +ta fromlice f+amnan to spr+ace, anr+ad ond yre+tweorg,
yrre gebolgen, +t+ar he [{gl+admode{] geonge wiste 
wic weardian.
<R 92>
He +ta worde cw+a+d: +du eart dohtor min seo dyreste ond seo
sweteste in sefan minum, ange for eor+tan, 
minra eagna leoht, Iuliana.
<R 96>
+tu on gea+te hafast +turh +tin orlegu unbi+tyrfe 
<P 116>
ofer witena
dom wisan gefongen.
<R 99>
Wi+ds+acest +tu to swi+te sylfre r+ades +tinum brydguman, se
is betra +tonne +tu, +a+telra for eor+tan, +ahtspedigra 
feohgestreona.
<R 102>
He is to freonde god.
<R 103>
For+ton is +t+as wyr+te, +t+at +tu +t+as weres frige, ece
eadlufan, an ne forl+ate.
<R 105>
Him +ta seo eadge ageaf ondsware, Iuliana hio to gode h+afde
freondr+adenne f+aste gesta+telad: N+afre ic
+t+as +teodnes +tafian wille m+agr+adenne, nemne he m+agna
god geornor bigonge +tonne he gen dyde, lufige
mid lacum +tone +te leoht gescop, heofon ond eor+dan ond holma
bigong, eodera ymbhwyrft.
<R 113>
Ne m+ag he elles mec bringan to bolde.
<R 114>
He +ta brydlufan sceal to o+terre +ahtgestealdum idese secan;
nafa+d he [{+anige{] her.
<R 117>
Hyre +ta +turh yrre ageaf ondsware f+ader feondlice, nales
fr+atwe onheht: Ic +t+at gefremme, gif min feorh 
leofa+d gif +tu unr+ades +ar ne geswicest, ond +tu fremdu
godu for+d bigongest ond +ta forl+atest +te us 
leofran sind, +te +tissum folce to freme stonda+d, +t+at +tu
ungeara ealdre scyldig +turh deora gripe dea+te 
sweltest, gif +tu ge+tafian nelt +tingr+adenne, modges
gemanan.
<R 127>
Micel is +t+at ongin ond [{+treaniedlic{] +tinre gelican,
+t+at +tu forhycge hlaford urne.
<R 130>
Him +ta seo eadge ageaf ondsware, gleaw ond gode leof,
Iuliana: Ic +te to so+de secgan wille, bi me lifgendre 
nelle ic lyge fremman.
<P 117>
<R 134>
N+afre ic me ondr+ade domas +tine, ne me weorce sind
witebrogan, hildewoman, +te +tu h+astlice manfremmende 
to me beotast, ne +tu n+afre gedest +turh gedwolan +tinne
+t+at +tu mec acyrre from Cristes lofe.
<R 140>
+da w+as ellenwod, yrre ond re+te, frecne ond fer+dgrim,
f+ader wi+d dehter.
<R 142>
Het hi +ta swingan, susle +treagan, witum w+agan, ond +t+at
word acw+a+d: Onwend +tec in gewitte, ond +ta word 
oncyr +te +tu unsnyttrum +ar gespr+ace, +ta +tu goda ussa
gield forhogdest.
<R 147>
Him seo unforhte ageaf ondsware +turh g+astgehygd, Iuliana:
N+afre +tu gel+arest +t+at ic leasingum, dumbum 
ond deafum deofolgieldum, [{g+asta{] geni+dlum gaful onhate,
+tam wyrrestum wites +tegnum, ac ic weor+dige 
wuldres ealdor middangeardes ond m+agen+trymmes, ond him
anum to eal bi+tence, +t+at he mundbora min geweor+te, 
helpend ond h+alend wi+d hellscea+tum.
<R 158>
Hy +ta +turh yrre Affricanus, f+ader f+amnan ageaf on feonda
geweald Heliseo.
<R 160>
He in +aringe gel+adan het +after leohtes cyme to his
domsetle.
<R 162>
Dugu+d wafade on +t+are f+amnan wlite, folc eal geador.
<R 164>
hy +ta se +a+deling +arest grette, hire brydguma, bli+tum
wordum; min se swetesta sunnan scima, Iuliana.
<R 167>
Hw+at, +tu gl+am hafast, ginf+aste giefe, geogu+dhades bl+ad.
<R 169>
Gif +tu godum ussum gen gecwemest, 
<P 118>
ond +te to swa mildum
mundbyrd secest, [{hyldo{] to halgum, beo+d +te ahylded 
fram wra+te geworhtra wita unrim, grimra gyrna, +te +te
gegearwad sind, gif +tu onsecgan nelt so+tum gieldum.
<R 175>
Him seo +a+tele m+ag ageaf ondsware: N+afre +tu ge+treatast
+tinum beotum, ne wita +t+as fela wra+dra gegearwast, 
+t+at ic +teodscype +tinne lufie, buton +tu forl+ate +ta
leasinga, weohweor+dinga, ond wuldres god ongyte 
gleawlice, g+asta scyppend, meotud moncynnes, in +t+as
meahtum sind a butan ende ealle gesceafta.
<R 184>
+da for +tam folce frecne mode beotwordum spr+ac, bealg hine
swi+te folcagende, ond +ta f+amnan het +turh 
ni+dwr+ace nacode +tennan, ond mid sweopum swingan synna
lease.
<R 189>
Ahlog +ta se hererinc, hospwordum spr+ac: +tis is ealdordom
uncres gewynnes on fruman gefongen.
<R 191>
Gen ic feores +te unnan wille, +teah +tu +ar fela unw+arlicra
worda gespr+ace, onsoce to swi+de +t+at +tu so+d
godu lufian wolde.
<R 195>
+te +ta lean sceolan [{wi+terhycgendre{] , witebrogan, +after
weor+tan, butan +tu +ar wi+t hi ge+tingige, ond him 
+toncwyr+te +after leahtorcwidum lac onsecge, sibbe gesette.
<R 200>
L+at +ta sace restan, la+d leodgewin.
<R 201>
Gif +tu leng ofer +tis +turh +tin dolwillen gedwolan fylgest,
+tonne ic nyde sceal ni+ta geb+aded on +t+are 
grimmestan godscyld wrecan, 
<P 119>
torne teoncwide, +te +tu
t+alnissum wi+t +ta selestan sacan ongunne, ond +ta 
mildestan +tara +te men witen, +te +tes leodscype mid him
longe bieode.
<R 209>
Him +t+at +a+tele mod unforht oncw+a+d: Ne ondr+ade ic me
domas +tine, awyrged womscea+da, ne +tinra wita bealo.
<R 212>
H+abbe ic me to hyhte heofonrices weard, mildne mundboran,
m+agna waldend, se mec gescylde+d wi+d +tinum
scinlace of gromra gripe, +te +tu to godum tiohhast.
<R 216>
+da sind geasne goda gehwylces, idle, orfeorme, unbi+tyrfe, ne
+t+ar freme [{mete+d{] fira +anig so+de sibbe,
+teah +te sece to him freondr+adenne.
<R 220>
He ne finde+d +t+ar dugu+te mid deoflum.
<R 221>
Ic to dryhtne min mod sta+telige, se ofer m+agna gehwylc
walde+d wideferh, wuldres agend, sigora gehwylces.
<R 224>
+t+at is so+d cyning.
<R 225>
+da +tam folctogan fracu+dlic +tuhte +t+at he ne meahte mod
oncyrran, f+amnan fore+tonc.
<R 227>
He bi feaxe het ahon ond ahebban on heanne beam, +t+ar seo
sunsciene slege +trowade, sace singrimme, siex 
tida d+ages, ond he +adre het eft asettan, la+dgeni+dla,
ond gel+adan bibead to carcerne.
<R 233>
Hyre w+as Cristes lof in fer+dlocan f+aste biwunden, milde
modsefan, m+agen unbrice.
<R 236>
+da w+as mid clustre carcernes duru behliden, homra geweorc.
<R 237>
Halig +t+ar inne w+arf+ast wunade.
<R 238>
Symle heo wuldorcyning herede +at heortan, heofonrices god, in
+tam nydclafan, nergend fira, 
<P 120>
heolstre bihelmad.
<R 241>
Hyre w+as halig g+ast singal gesi+d.
<R 242>
+da cwom semninga in +t+at hlinr+aced h+ale+da gewinna, yfeles
ondwis.
<R 244>
H+afde engles hiw, gleaw gyrnstafa g+astgeni+dla, helle
h+aftling, to +t+are halgan spr+ac: Hw+at dreogest 
+tu, seo dyreste ond seo weor+teste wuldorcyninge, dryhtne
ussum?
<R 249>
+de +tes dema hafa+d +ta wyrrestan witu gegearwad, sar
endeleas, gif +tu onsecgan nelt, gleawhycgende, ond 
his godum cweman.
<R 253>
Wes +tu on ofeste, swa he +tec ut heonan l+adan hate, +t+at
+tu lac hra+te onsecge sigortifre, +ar +tec swylt 
nime, dea+d fore dugu+de.
<R 256>
+ty +tu +t+as deman scealt, eadhre+dig m+ag, yrre gedygan.
<R 258>
Fr+agn +ta fromlice, seo +te forht ne w+as, Criste gecweme,
hwonan his cyme w+are.
<R 260>
Hyre se wr+acm+acga wi+d +tingade: Ic eom engel godes ufan
si+tende, +tegn ge+tungen, ond to +te sended, 
halig of heah+tu.
<R 263>
+te sind heardlicu, wundrum [{w+algrim{] , witu geteohhad to
gringwr+ace.
<R 265>
Het +te god beodan, bearn waldendes, +t+at +te burge +ta.
<R 266>
+da w+as seo f+amne for +tam f+arspelle egsan geaclad, +te
hyre se agl+aca, wuldres wi+terbreca, wordum s+agde.
<R 270>
Ongan +ta f+astlice fer+d sta+telian, geong grondorleas, to
[{gode{] [{cleopian{] [{Nu{] ic +tec, beorna hleo, biddan 
wille ece +almihtig, +turh +t+at +a+tele gesceap +te
+tu, f+ader engla, +at fruman settest, +t+at +tu me ne 
l+ate of lofe hweorfan 
<P 121>
+tinre eadgife, swa me +tes ar boda+d
frecne f+arspel, +te me fore stonde+d.
<R 278>
Swa ic +te, bilwitne, biddan wille +t+at +tu me gecy+de,
cyninga wuldor, +trymmes hyrde, hw+at +tes +tegn sy, 
lyftlacende, +te mec l+are+d from +te on stearcne weg.
<R 282>
Hyre stefn oncw+a+d wlitig of wolcnum, word hleo+trade: Forfoh
+tone fr+atgan ond f+aste geheald.
<R 285>
o+t+t+at he his si+df+at secge mid ryhte, [{ealne{] from orde,
hw+at his +a+telu syn.
<R 287>
+da w+as +t+are f+amnan fer+d geblissad, [{domeadigre{] .
<R 288>
Heo +t+at deofol genom ealra cyninga cyning to cwale
syllan.
<R 290>
+da gen ic gecr+afte +t+at se cempa ongon waldend wundian,
weorud to segon +t+at +t+ar blod ond w+ater bu tu 
+atg+adre eor+tan sohtun.
<R 293>
+da gen ic Herode in hyge [{bisweop{] +t+at he Iohannes bibead
heafde biheawan, +da se halga wer +t+are wiflufan 
wordum styrde, unryhtre +a.
<R 297>
Eac ic gel+arde Simon searo+toncum +t+at he sacan ongon wi+t
+ta gecorenan Cristes +tegnas, ond +ta halgan 
weras hospe gerahte +turh deopne gedwolan, s+agde hy dryas
w+aron.
<R 302>
Ne+tde ic nearobregdum +t+ar ic Neron bisweac, +t+at he
acwellan het Cristes +tegnas, Petrus ond Paulus.
<R 304>
Pilatus +ar on rode aheng rodera waldend, meotud meahtigne
minum larum.
<R 307>
Swylce ic Egias eac gel+arde +t+at he unsnytrum Andreas het
ahon haligne on heanne beam, 
<P 122>
+t+at he of galgan 
his g+ast onsende in wuldres wlite.
<R 311>
+tus ic wra+tra fela mid minum bro+trum bealwa gefremede,
sweartra synna, +te ic [{asecgan{] ne m+ag, rume 
areccan, ne gerim witan, heardra hete+tonca.
<R 315>
Him seo halge oncw+a+d +turh g+astes giefe, Iuliana: +tu
scealt fur+tor gen, feond moncynnes, si+tf+at secgan, 
hwa +tec sende to me.
<R 319>
Hyre se agl+aca ageaf ondsware, forhtafongen, fri+tes orwena:
Hw+at, mec min f+ader on +tas fore to +te, 
hellwarena cyning, hider onsende of +tam engan ham, se is yfla
gehw+as in +tam grornhofe geornfulra +tonne ic.
<R 325>
+tonne he usic sende+d +t+at [{we{] so+df+astra +turh
misgedwield mod oncyrren, ahwyrfen from halor, we beo+d 
hygegeomre, forhte on fer+d+te.
<R 328>
Ne bi+t us frea milde, egesful ealdor, gif we yfles noht gedon
habba+t; ne durran we si+t+tan for his onsyne 
ower geferan.
<R 332>
+tonne he onsende+d geond sidne grund +tegnas of +tystrum,
hate+d +tr+ace r+aran, gif we [{gemette{] sin on moldwege, 
o+t+te feor o+t+te neah fundne weor+ten, +t+at hi usic
binden ond in b+alwylme suslum swingen.
<R 337>
Gif so+df+astra +turh myrrelsan mod ne o+dcyrre+d, haligra
hyge, we +ta heardestan ond +ta wyrrestan witu 
ge+tolia+d +turh sarslege.
<R 341>
Nu +tu sylfa meaht on sefan +tinum so+d gecnawan, +t+at ic
+tisse no+te w+as nyde geb+aded, +tragm+alum ge+tread, 
+t+at ic +te sohte.
<P 123>
<R 345>
+da gen seo halge ongon h+ale+ta gewinnan, wrohtes wyrhtan,
wordum frignan, fyrnsynna fruman: +tu me fur+tor 
scealt secgan, sawla feond, hu +tu so+df+astum +turh
synna slide swi+tast sce+t+te, facne bifongen.
<R 350>
Hyre se feond oncw+a+d, wr+acca w+arleas, wordum m+alde: Ic
+te, ead m+ag, yfla gehwylces or gecy+de o+d ende 
for+d +tara +te ic gefremede, nal+as feam [{si+dum{] , synna
wundum, +t+at +tu +ty sweotolicor sylf gecnawe +t+at 
+tis is so+d, nales leas.
<R 357>
Ic +t+at wende ond witod tealde +triste ge+toncge, +t+at ic
+te meahte butan earfe+tum anes cr+afte ahwyrfan
from halor, +t+at +tu heofoncyninge wi+dsoce, sigora frean,
ond to s+amran gebuge, ons+agde synna fruman.
<R 262>
+tus ic so+df+astum +turh mislic bleo mod oncyrre.
<R 264>
+t+ar ic hine finde fer+d sta+telian to godes willan, ic beo
gearo sona +t+at ic him monigfealde modes g+alsan 
ongean bere grimra ge+tonca, dyrnra gedwilda, +turh
gedwolena rim.
<R 369>
Ic him geswete synna lustas, m+ane modlufan, +t+at he minum
hra+te, leahtrum gelenge, larum [{hyre+d{] .
<R 372>
Ic hine +t+as swi+te synnum on+ale +t+at he byrnende from
gebede swice+d, stepe+d stronglice, sta+tolf+ast ne
m+ag fore leahtra lufan lenge gewunian in gebedstowe.
<R 376>
Swa ic brogan to la+dne gel+ade +tam +te ic lifes ofonn,
leohtes geleafan, ond he larum wile +turh modes
myne minum hyran, 
<P 124>
synne fremman, he si+t+tan sceal godra
gumcysta geasne hweorfan.
<R 382>
Gif ic +anigne ellenrofne gemete modigne metodes cempan wi+d
flan+tr+ace, nele feor +tonan bugan from beaduwe, 
ac he bord ongean hefe+d hygesnottor, haligne scyld,
g+astlic gu+dreaf, nele gode swican.
<R 388>
ac he beald in gebede bidsteal gife+d f+aste on fe+dan, ic
sceal feor +tonan heanmod hweorfan, hro+tra bid+aled, 
in gleda gripe, geh+du m+anan, +t+at ic ne meahte
m+agnes cr+afte gu+de wi+dgongan.
<R 393>
ac ic geomor sceal secan o+terne ellenleasran, under
cumbolhagan, cempan s+anran, +te ic onbryrdan m+age 
beorman mine, ag+alan +at gu+te.
<R 397>
+teah he godes hw+at onginne g+astlice, ic beo gearo sona,
+t+at ic ingehygd eal geondwlite, hu [{gef+astnad{] 
sy fer+d innanweard, wi+dsteall geworht.
<R 401>
Ic +t+as wealles geat ontyne +turh teonan; bi+d se torr
+tyrel, ingong geopenad, +tonne ic +arest him +turh
eargfare in onsende in breostsefan bitre ge+toncas +turh
mislice modes willan, +t+at him sylfum selle 
+tynce+d leahtras to fremman ofer lof godes, lices lustas.
<R 408>
Ic beo lareow georn +t+at he mon+teawum minum lifge acyrred
cu+dlice from Cristes +a, mod gemyrred me to
gewealde in synna sea+d.
<R 413>
Ic +t+are sawle ma geornor gyme ymb +t+as g+astes forwyrd
+tonne +t+as lichoman, se +te on legre sceal 
<P 125>
weor+dan in worulde wyrme to hro+tor, bifolen in foldan.
<R 417>
+da gien seo f+amne spr+ac: Saga, earmsceapen, uncl+ane g+ast,
hu +tu +tec ge+tyde, +tystra stihtend, on cl+anra gemong?
<R 420>
+tu wi+d Criste geo w+arleas wunne ond gewin tuge, hogdes wi+t
halgum.
<R 422>
+te wear+d helle sea+d ni+ter gedolfen, +t+ar +tu nydbysig
fore oferhygdum eard gesohtes.
<R 425>
Wende ic +t+at +tu +ty w+arra weor+tan sceolde wi+d
so+df+astum swylces gemotes ond +ty unbealdra, +te +te oft 
wi+dstod +turh wuldorcyning willan +tines.
<R 429>
Hyre +ta se werga wi+d +tingade, earm agl+aca: +tu me +arest
saga, hu +tu gedyrstig +turh deop gehygd wurde
+tus wig+trist ofer eall wifa cyn, +t+at +tu mec +tus f+aste
fetrum gebunde, +aghw+as orwigne.
<R 434>
+tu in ecne god, +trymsittendne, +tinne getreowdes, meotud
moncynnes, swa ic in minne f+ader, hellwarena 
cyning, hyht sta+telie.
<R 438>
+tonne ic beom onsended wi+d so+df+astum, +t+at ic in
manweorcum mod oncyrre, hyge from halor, me hwilum 
bi+t forwyrned +turh wi+tersteall willan mines, hyhtes +at
halgum, swa me her gelamp sorg on si+te.
<R 443>
Ic +t+at sylf gecneow to late micles, sceal nu lange ofer
+tis, scyldwyrcende, scame +trowian.
<R 446>
For+ton ic +tec halsige +turh +t+as hyhstan meaht,
rodorcyninges giefe, se +te on rode treo ge+trowade, +trymmes 
ealdor, +t+at +tu miltsige me +tearfendum, +t+at
uns+alig eall ne forweor+te, +teah ic +tec gedyrstig ond 
+tus dolwillen 
<P 126>
si+te gesohte, +t+ar ic swi+te me +tyslicre
+ar +trage ne [{wende{] .
<R 454>
+da seo wlitescyne wuldres condel to +tam w+arlogan wordum
m+alde: +tu scealt [{ondettan{] yfeld+ada ma, hean 
helle g+ast, +ar +tu heonan mote, hw+at +tu to teonan
+turhtogen h+abbe micelra manweorca manna tudre deorcum 
gedwildum.
<R 460>
Hyre +t+at deofol oncw+a+d: Nu ic +t+at gehyre +turh +tinne
hleo+torcwide, +t+at ic nyde sceal ni+ta geb+aded
mod meldian, swa +tu me beodest, +treaned +tolian.
<R 464>
Is +teos +trag ful strong, +treat orm+ate.
<R 465>
Ic sceal +tinga gehwylc +tolian ond +tafian on +tinne dom,
womd+ada onwreon, [{+te{] ic wideferg sweartra gesyrede.
<R 468>
[{Oft{] ic syne ofteah, ablende bealo+toncum beorna unrim
monna cynnes, misthelme forbr+agd +turh attres 
ord eagna leoman sweartum scurum, ond ic sumra fet forbr+ac
bealosearwum, sume in bryne sende, in liges 
locan, +t+at him lasta wear+d si+tast gesyne.
<R 475>
Eac ic sume gedyde +t+at him banlocan blode spiowedan, +t+at
hi f+aringa feorh aleton +turh +adra wylm.
<R 478>
Sume on y+dfare wurdon on [{wege{] w+atrum bisencte, on
mereflode, minum cr+aftum under reone stream.
<R 481>
Sume ic rode bifealh, +t+at hi hyra dreorge on hean galgan lif
aletan.
<R 483>
Sume ic larum geteah, to geflite fremede, +t+at hy f+aringa
[{ealde{] +af+toncan edniwedan, beore [{druncne{] .
<R 485>
Ic him byrlade 
<P 127>
wroht of wege, +t+at hi in winsele +turh
sweordgripe sawle forletan of fl+aschoman f+age 
scyndan, sarum gesohte.
<R 490>
Sume, +ta ic funde butan godes tacne, gymelease, ungebletsade,
[{+ta{] ic bealdlice +turh mislic cwealm minum 
hondum searo+toncum slog.
<R 494>
Ic asecgan ne m+ag, +teah ic gesitte sumerlongne d+ag, eal +ta
earfe+tu +te ic +ar ond si+t gefremede to facne, 
si+t+tan fur+tum w+as rodor ar+ared ond ryne tungla,
folde gef+astnad ond +ta forman men, Adam ond Aeue, 
+tam ic ealdor o+d+trong, ond hy gel+arde +t+at hi lufan
dryhtnes, ece eadgiefe anforleton, beorhtne 
boldwelan, +t+at him b+am gewear+d yrm+tu to ealdre, ond hyra
eaferum swa, mircast manweorca.
<R 505>
Hw+at sceal ic ma riman yfel endeleas?
<R 506>
Ic eall geb+ar, wra+te wrohtas geond wer+teode, +ta +te
[{gewurdun{] widan feore from fruman worulde fira cynne, 
eorlum on eor+tan.
<R 510>
Ne w+as +anig +tara +t+at me +tus +triste, swa +tu nu +ta,
halig mid hondum, hrinan dorste, n+as +anig +t+as modig 
mon ofer eor+tan +turh halge meaht, heahf+adra nan ne
witgena.
<R 515>
+teah +te him weoruda god onwrige, wuldres cyning, wisdomes
g+ast, giefe unm+ate, hw+a+tre ic gong to +tam
agan moste.
<R 518>
N+as +anig +tara +t+at mec +tus bealdlice bennum bilegde,
+tream for+trycte, +ar +tu nu +ta +ta [{miclan{] meaht 
[{mine{] oferswi+ddest, 
<P 128>
f+aste forfenge, +te me f+ader sealde,
feond moncynnes, +ta he mec feran het, +teoden
of +tystrum, +t+at ic +te sceolde synne swetan.
<R 525>
+t+ar mec sorg bicwom, hefig hondgewinn.
<R 526>
Ic bihlyhhan ne +tearf +after sarwr+ace si+df+at +tisne magum
in gemonge, +tonne ic mine sceal agiefan gnorncearig 
gafulr+adenne in +tam reongan ham.
<R 530>
+da se gerefa het, gealgmod guma, Iulianan of +tam engan hofe
ut gel+adan on hyge [{halge{] h+a+tnum to spr+ace 
to his domsetle.
<R 534>
Heo +t+at deofol teah, breostum inbryrded, bendum f+astne,
halig h+a+tenne.
<R 536>
Ongan +ta hreowcearig si+df+at seofian, sar cwanian, wyrd
wanian, wordum m+alde: Ic +tec halsige, hl+afdige 
min, Iuliana, fore godes sibbum, +t+at +tu fur+tur me
frace+tu ne wyrce, edwit for eorlum, +tonne +tu +ar 
dydest, +ta +tu oferswi+tdest +tone snotrestan under
hlinscuan [{helwarena{] cyning in feonda byrig; +t+at
[{is{] f+ader user, mor+tres manfrea.
<R 545>
Hw+at, +tu mec +treades +turh sarslege.
<R 546>
Ic to so+te wat +t+at ic +ar ne si+d +anig ne mette in
woruldrice [{wif{] +te gelic, +tristran ge+tohtes ne 
+tweorhtimbran m+ag+ta cynnes.
<R 551>
Is on me sweotul +t+at +tu unscamge +aghw+as wurde on fer+te
frod.
<R 553>
+da hine seo f+amne forlet +after +tr+achwile +tystra neosan
in sweartne grund, sawla [{gewinnan{] , on wita forwyrd.
<R 556>
Wiste he +ti gearwor, 
<P 129>
manes melda, magum to secgan, susles
+tegnum, hu him on si+de gelomp.
<R 559>
[^ACCORDING TO WOOLF, A FOLIO LOST^] georne 
+ar heredon on heah+tu ond his halig [{word{] ,
s+agdon so+dlice +t+at he sigora gehw+as ofer ealle gesceaft 
ana [{weolde{] , ecra eadgiefa.
<R 563>
+da cwom engel godes fr+atwum blican ond +t+at fyr tosceaf,
gefreode ond gefreo+dade facnes cl+ane, leahtra 
lease, ond +tone lig towearp, heorogiferne, +t+ar seo halie
stod, m+ag+ta bealdor, on +tam midle gesund.
<R 569>
+t+at +tam weligan w+as weorc to +tolianne, +t+ar he hit for
worulde wendan meahte, sohte synnum fah, hu he 
sarlicast +turh +ta wyrrestan witu meahte feorhcwale findan.
<R 573>
N+as se feond to l+at, se hine gel+arde +t+at he l+amen f+at
biwyrcan het wundorcr+afte, wiges womum, ond wudubeamum, 
holte [{bihl+anan{] .
<R 577>
+da se [{hearda{] bibead +t+at mon +t+at lamf+at leades
gefylde, ond +ta onb+arnan het b+alfira m+ast, ad on+alan, 
se w+as +aghwonan ymbboren mid brondum.
<R 581>
B+a+d hate weol.
<R 582>
Het +ta ofestlice yrre gebolgen leahtra lease in +t+as leades
wylm scufan butan scyldum.
<R 584>
+ta toscaden wear+d lig tolysed.
<R 585>
Lead wide sprong, hat, heorogifre.
[{H+ale+d{] wurdon acle arasad for +ty r+ase.
<R 586>
+t+ar on rime forborn +turh +t+as fires fn+ast fif ond
hundseofontig h+a+dnes herges.
<R 588>
+da gen sio halge stod ungewemde wlite.
<R 590>
N+as hyre wloh ne hr+agl, 
<P 130>
ne feax ne fel fyre gem+aled, ne lic
ne leo+tu.
<R 592>
Heo in lige stod +aghw+as onsund, s+agde ealles +tonc dryhtna
dryhtne.
<R 594>
+ta se dema wear+d hreoh ond hygegrim, ongon his hr+agl teran,
swylce he grennade ond gristbitade, wedde 
on gewitte swa wilde deor, grymetade gealgmod ond his godu
t+alde, +t+as +te hy ne [{meahtun{] m+agne wi+tstondan 
wifes willan.
<R 600>
W+as seo wuldres m+ag anr+ad ond unforht, eafo+da gemyndig,
dryhtnes willan.
<R 602>
+ta se dema het aswebban sorgcearig +turh sweordbite on hyge
halge, heafde bineotan Criste gecorene.
<R 605>
Hine se cwealm ne +teah, si+t+tan he +tone fintan fur+tor
cu+te.
<R 607>
+da wear+d +t+are halgan hyht geniwad ond +t+as m+agdnes mod
miclum geblissad, si+t+tan heo gehyrde h+ale+d eahtian 
inwitrune, +t+at hyre endest+af of gewindagum weor+tan
sceolde, lif alysed.
<R 612>
Het +ta leahtra ful cl+ane ond gecorene to cwale l+adan, synna
lease.
<R 614>
+da cwom semninga hean helle g+ast, hearmleo+d agol, earm ond
unl+ad, +tone heo +ar gebond awyrgedne ond 
mid witum swong, cleopade +ta for cor+tre, ceargealdra full:
Gylda+d nu mid gyrne, +t+at heo goda ussa meaht 
[{forhogde{] , ond mec swi+tast geminsade, +t+at ic to
meldan wear+d.
<R 622>
L+ata+d hy la+tra leana hleotan +turh w+apnes spor, wreca+d
ealdne ni+d, synne gesohte.
<R 624>
Ic +ta sorge gemon, hu ic bendum f+ast bisga unrim 
<P 131>
on anre
niht earfe+da dreag, yfel orm+atu.
<R 626>
+ta seo eadge biseah ongean gramum, [{Iuliana{] , gehyrde heo
hearm galan helle deofol.
<R 630>
Feond moncynnes ongon +ta on [{fleam{] , sceacan, wita neosan,
ond +t+at word acw+a+d: Wa me forworhtum.
<R 632>
Nu is wen micel +t+at heo mec eft wille earmne gehynan yflum
yrm+tum, swa heo mec +ar dyde.
<R 635>
+da w+as gel+aded londmearce neah ond to +t+are stowe +t+ar hi
stearcfer+te +turh cumbolhete cwellan +tohtun.
<R 638>
Ongon heo +ta l+aran ond to lofe trymman folc of firenum ond
him frofre gehet, weg to wuldre, ond +t+at
word [{acw+a+d{] : Gemuna+d wigena wyn ond wuldres +trym,
haligra hyht, heofonengla god.
<R 643>
He is +t+as wyr+de, +t+at hine wer+teode ond eal engla cynn up
on roderum hergen, heahm+agen, +t+ar is help 
gelong ece to ealdre, +tam +te agan sceal.
<R 647>
For+ton ic, leof weorud, l+aran wille, +afremmende, +t+at ge
eower hus gef+astnige, +ty l+as hit ferbl+adum 
windas toweorpan.
<R 650>
Weal sceal +ty trumra strong wi+tstondan storma scurum,
leahtra gehygdum.
<R 652>
Ge mid lufan sibbe, leohte geleafan, to +tam lifgendan stane
sti+dhydge sta+tol f+astnia+d, so+de treowe 
ond sibbe mid eow healda+d +at heortan, halge rune +turh modes
myne.
<R 657>
+tonne eow miltse giefe+d f+ader +almihtig, +t+ar ge
[{frofre{] agun +at m+agna gode, m+aste +tearfe +after 
sorgstafum.
<R 660>
For+ton ge sylfe neton 
<P 132>
utgong heonan, ende lifes.
<R 662>
W+arlic me +tince+d +t+at ge w+accende wi+d hettendra
hildewoman wearde healden, +ty l+as eow wi+terfeohtend 
weges forwyrnen to wuldres byrig.
<R 666>
Bidda+d bearn godes +t+at me brego engla, meotud moncynnes,
milde geweor+te, sigora sellend.
<R 668>
Sibb sy mid eowic, symle so+t lufu.
<R 669>
+da hyre sawl wear+d al+aded of lice to +tam langan gefean
+turh sweordslege.
<R 671>
+ta se synsca+ta to scipe sceohmod scea+tena +treate Heliseus
ehstream sohte, leolc ofer laguflod longe
hwile on swonrade.
<R 675>
Swylt ealle fornom secga hlo+te ond hine sylfne mid, +ar+ton
hy to lande geliden h+afdon, +turh +tearlic +trea.
<R 678>
+t+ar XXX w+as ond feowere eac feores onsohte +turh w+ages
wylm wigena cynnes, heane mid hlaford, hro+tra
bid+aled, hyhta lease helle sohton.
<R 683>
Ne +torftan +ta +tegnas in +tam +tystran ham, seo geneatscolu
in +tam neolan scr+afe, to +tam frumgare [{feohgestealda{] 
witedra wenan, +t+at hy in winsele ofer
[{beorsetle{] beagas +tegon, +applede gold.
<R 688>
Ungelice w+as l+aded lofsongum lic haligre micle m+agne to
moldgr+afe, +t+at hy hit gebrohton burgum in innan, 
sidfolc micel.
<R 692>
+t+ar si+d+dan w+as geara gongum godes lof hafen +trymme micle
o+t +tisne d+ag mid +teodscipe.
<R 695>
Is me +tearf micel +t+at seo halge me helpe gefremme, 
<P 133>
+tonne
me ged+ala+d deorast ealra, sibbe toslita+d sinhiwan 
tu, micle modlufan.
<R 699>
Min sceal of lice sawul on si+df+at, nat ic sylfa hwider,
eardes [{uncy+dgu{] ; of sceal ic +tissum, secan 
o+terne +argewyrhtum, gongan iud+adum.
<R 703>
Geomor hweorfe+d (}C}) (}Y}) ond (}N}) .
<R 704>
Cyning bi+t re+te, sigora syllend, +tonne synnum fah (}E})
(}W}) ond (}U}) acle bida+d hw+at him +after d+adum 
deman wille lifes to leane.
<R 708>
(}L}) (}F}) beofa+d, seoma+d sorgcearig.
<R 709>
Sar eal gemon, synna wunde, +te ic si+t o+t+te +ar geworhte in
worulde.
<R 711>
+t+at ic wopig sceal tearum m+anan.
<R 712>
W+as an tid to l+at +t+at ic yfeld+ada +ar gescomede, +tenden
g+ast ond lic geador si+tedan onsund on earde.
<R 715>
+tonne arna bi+tearf, +t+at me seo halge wi+d +tone hyhstan
cyning ge+tingige.
<R 717>
Mec +t+as +tearf mona+t, micel modes sorg.
<R 718>
Bidde ic monna gehwone gumena cynnes, +te +tis gied wr+ace,
+t+at he mec neodful bi noman minum gemyne modig, 
ond meotud bidde +t+at me heofona helm helpe gefremme,
meahta waldend, on +tam [{miclan{] d+age, f+ader, 
frofre g+ast, in +ta frecnan tid, d+ada demend, ond se
deora sunu, +tonne seo +trynis +trymsittende in 
annesse +alda cynne +turh +ta sciran gesceaft scrife+d bi
gewyrhtum meorde monna gehwam.
<R 729>
Forgif us, m+agna god, +t+at we +tine onsyne, +a+telinga wyn,
milde gemeten on +ta m+aran tid.
<R 731>
Amen.



<B COGENESI>
<Q OX/3 XX XX GEN>
<N GENESIS>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  GENESIS.
THE JUNIUS MANUSCRIPT.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, I.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.
AND NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1931.
PP. 3.1     - 9.234    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 32.965  - 40.1284  (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 72.2419 - 82.2759  (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^A1.1^]
<P 3>
[} [\GENESIS\] }]
<R 1>
Us is riht micel +d+at we rodera weard, wereda wuldorcining,
wordum herigen, modum lufien.
<R 3>
He is m+agna sped, heafod ealra heahgesceafta, frea +almihtig.
<R 5>
N+as him fruma +afre, or geworden, ne nu ende cym+t ecean
drihtnes, ac he bi+d a rice ofer heofenstolas.
<R 8>
Heagum +trymmum so+df+ast and [{swi+dfeorm{] sweglbosmas
heold, +ta w+aron gesette wide and side +turh geweald 
godes wuldres bearnum, gasta weardum.
<R 12>
H+afdon gleam and dream, and heora ordfruman, engla +treatas,
beorhte blisse.
<R 14>
W+as heora bl+ad micel.
<R 15>
+tegnas +trymf+aste +teoden heredon, s+agdon lustum lof, heora
liffrean demdon, drihtenes duge+tum w+aron swi+de ges+alige.
<R 18>
Synna ne cu+ton, firena fremman, ac hie on fri+de lifdon, ece
mid heora aldor.
<R 20>
Elles ne ongunnon r+aran on roderum nym+te riht and so+t,
+ar+don engla weard for oferhygde [{dw+al{] on gedwilde.
<R 23>
Noldan dreogan leng heora selfra r+ad, ac hie of siblufan
godes ahwurfon.
<R 25>
H+afdon gielp micel +t+at hie wi+d drihtne d+alan meahton
wuldorf+astan wic werodes +trymme, sid and swegltorht.
<R 28>
Him +t+ar sar gelamp, +afst and oferhygd, and +t+as engles mod
+te +tone unr+ad ongan +arest fremman, wefan 
and weccean, +ta he worde cw+a+d, 
<P 4>
ni+tes of+tyrsted, +t+at he
on nor+dd+ale ham and heahsetl heofena rices agan wolde.
<R 34>
+ta wear+d yrre god and +tam werode wra+d +te he +ar wur+dode
wlite and wuldre.
<R 36>
Sceop +tam werlogan wr+aclicne ham weorce to leane,
helleheafas, hearde ni+das.
<R 39>
Heht +t+at witehus wr+acna bidan, deop, dreama leas, drihten
ure, gasta weardas, +ta he hit geare wiste, 
synnihte beseald, susle geinnod, geondfolen fyre and
f+arcyle, rece and reade lege.
<R 44>
Heht +ta geond +t+at r+adlease hof weaxan witebrogan.
<R 45>
H+afdon hie wrohtgeteme grimme wi+d god gesomnod; him +t+as
grim lean becom.
<R 47>
Cw+adon +t+at heo rice, re+demode, agan woldan, and swa ea+de
meahtan.
<R 49>
Him seo wen geleah, si+d+dan waldend his, heofona heahcining,
honda ar+arde, hehste wi+d +tam herge.
<R 51>
Ne mihton hygelease, m+ane wi+d metode, m+agyn [{bryttigan{] ,
ac him se m+ara mod getw+afde, b+alc forbigde.
<R 54>
+ta he gebolgen wear+d, besloh synscea+tan sigore and
gewealde, dome and duge+de, and dreame benam his 
feond, fri+do and gefean ealle, torhte tire, and his torn
gewr+ac on gesacum swi+de selfes mihtum strengum stiepe.
<R 60>
H+afde styrne mod, gegremed grymme, grap on wra+de faum
folmum, and him on f+a+dm gebr+ac [{yrre{] on mode;
+a+dele bescyrede his wi+derbrecan wuldorgestealdum.
<R 65>
[{Sceof{] +ta and scyrede scyppend ure oferhidig cyn engla of
heofnum, w+arleas werod.
<R 67>
Waldend sende 
<P 5>
la+dwendne here on langne si+d, geomre gastas;
w+as him gylp forod, beot forborsten, and
forbiged +trym, wlite gewemmed.
<R 71>
Heo on wrace sy+d+dan seomodon swearte, si+de ne +torfton
hlude hlihhan, ac heo helltregum werige wunodon 
and wean cu+don, sar and sorge, susl +trowedon +tystrum
be+teahte, +tearl +afterlean +t+as +te heo ongunnon 
wi+d gode winnan.
<R 78>
+ta w+as so+d swa +ar sibb on heofnum, f+agre freo+to+teawas,
frea eallum leof, +teoden his +tegnum; +trymmas
weoxon dugu+da mid drihtne, dreamh+abbendra.
<R 82>
W+aron +ta gesome, +ta +te swegl [{bua+d{] , wuldres e+del.
<R 83>
Wroht w+as asprungen, oht mid englum and orlegni+d, si+d+dan
herewosan heofon ofg+afon, leohte belorene.
<R 86>
Him on laste setl, wuldorspedum welig, wide stodan gifum
growende on godes rice, beorht and gebl+adf+ast, 
buendra leas, si+d+dan wr+acstowe werige gastas under
hearmlocan heane geforan.
<R 92>
+ta +teahtode +teoden ure modge+tonce, hu he +ta m+aran
gesceaft, e+delsta+dolas eft gesette, swegltorhtan 
seld, selran werode, +ta hie gielpscea+tan ofgifen h+afdon,
heah on heofenum.
<R 97>
For+tam halig god under roderas feng, ricum mihtum, wolde
+t+at him eor+de and uproder and sid w+ater [{geseted{] 
wurde woruldgesceafte on wra+dra gield, +tara +te
forhealdene of hleo sende.
<R 103>
Ne w+as her +ta giet nym+te heolstersceado wiht geworden, ac
+tes wida grund 
<P 6>
stod deop and dim, drihtne
fremde, idel and unnyt.
<R 106>
On +tone eagum wlat sti+dfrih+t cining, and +ta stowe beheold,
dreama lease, geseah deorc gesweorc semian 
sinnihte sweart under roderum, wonn and weste, o+d+t+at
+teos woruldgesceaft +turh word gewear+d wuldorcyninges.
<R 112>
Her +arest gesceop ece drihten, helm eallwihta, heofon and
eor+dan, rodor ar+arde, and +tis rume land gesta+telode 
strangum mihtum, frea +almihtig.
<R 116>
Folde w+as +ta [{gyt{] gr+as ungrene; garsecg +teahte sweart
synnihte, side and wide, wonne w+egas.
<R 119>
+ta w+as wuldortorht heofonweardes gast ofer holm boren miclum
spedum.
<R 121>
Metod engla heht, lifes brytta, leoht for+d cuman ofer rumne
grund.
<R 123>
Ra+te w+as gefylled Heahcininges h+as; him w+as halig leoht
ofer westenne, swa se wyrhta bebead.
<R 126>
+ta gesundrode sigora waldend ofer laguflode leoht wi+d
+teostrum, sceade wi+d sciman.
<R 128>
Sceop +ta bam naman, lifes brytta.
<R 129>
Leoht w+as +arest +turh drihtnes word d+ag genemned,
wlitebeorhte [{gesceaft{] .
<R 131>
Wel licode frean +at frym+de for+tb+aro tid, d+ag +aresta;
geseah deorc sceado sweart swi+drian geond sidne grund.
<R 135>
+ta seo tid gewat ofer [{timber{] sceacan middangeardes,
metod +after sceaf scirum sciman, scippend ure, +afen +arest.
<R 138>
Him arn on last, +trang +tystre genip, +tam +te se +teoden
self sceop nihte naman.
<R 140>
Nergend ure 
<P 7>
hie gesundrode; si+d+dan +afre drugon and dydon
drihtnes willan, ece ofer eor+dan.
<R 143>
+da com o+der d+ag, leoht +after +teostrum.
<R 144>
Heht +ta lifes weard on mereflode middum weor+dan hyhtlic
heofontimber.
<R 146>
Holmas d+alde waldend ure and geworhte +ta roderas f+asten;
+t+at se rica ahof up from eor+dan +turh his agen 
word, frea +almihtig.
<R 150>
[{Flod{] w+as ad+aled under heahrodore halgum mihtum, w+ater
of w+atrum, +tam +te wunia+d gyt under f+astenne folca hrofes.
<R 154>
+ta com ofer foldan fus si+dian m+are mergen +tridda.
<R 155>
N+aron metode +da [{gyt{] widlond ne wegas nytte, ac stod
bewrigen f+aste folde mid flode.
<R 157>
Frea engla heht +turh his word wesan w+ater gem+ane, +ta nu
under roderum heora ryne healda+d, stowe gestefnde.
<R 160>
+da stod hra+de holm under heofonum, swa se halga bebead, sid
+atsomne, +da gesundrod w+as lago wi+d lande.
<R 163>
Geseah +ta lifes weard drige stowe, dugo+da hyrde, wide
+ateowde, +ta se wuldorcyning eor+dan nemde.
<R 166>
Gesette y+dum heora onrihtne ryne, rumum flode, and gefetero.
<R 169>
Ne +tuhte +ta gerysne rodora wearde, +t+at Adam leng ana w+are
neorxnawonges, niwre gesceafte, hyrde and
healdend.
<R 172>
For+ton him heahcyning, frea +almihtig fultum tiode; wif
aweahte and +ta wra+de sealde, lifes leohtfruma, leofum rince.
<P 8>
<R 176>
He +t+at andweorc of Adames lice aleo+dode, and him listum
ateah rib of sidan.
<R 178>
He w+as reste f+ast, and softe sw+af, sar ne wiste, earfo+da
d+al, ne +t+ar +anig com blod of benne, ac him
brego engla of lice ateah liodende ban, wer unwundod, of +tam
worhte god [{freolice{] f+amnan.
<R 184>
Feorh in gedyde, ece saula.
<R 185>
Heo w+aron englum gelice, +ta w+as [{Eve{] , Adames bryd, gaste
gegearwod.
<R 187>
Hie on geogo+de bu wlitebeorht w+aron on woruld cenned
meotodes mihtum.
<R 189>
Man ne cu+don don ne dreogan, ac him drihtnes w+as bam on
breostum byrnende lufu.
<R 192>
+ta gebletsode bli+dheort cyning, metod alwihta, monna cynnes
+da forman twa, f+ader and moder, wif and
w+apned.
<R 195>
He +ta worde cw+a+d: Tema+d nu and wexa+d, tudre fylla+d
eor+dan +algrene, incre cynne, sunum and dohtrum.
<R 198>
Inc sceal sealt w+ater wunian on gewealde and eall worulde
gesceaft.
<R 200>
Bruca+d bl+addaga and brimhl+aste and heofonfugla.
<R 201>
Inc is halig feoh and wilde deor on geweald geseald, and
lifigende, +da +de land treda+d, feorheaceno 
cynn, +da +de flod wecce+d geond hronrade.
<R 205>
Inc hyra+d eall.
+ta sceawode scyppend ure his weorca wlite and his w+astma
bl+ad, niwra gesceafta.
<R 208>
Neorxnawong stod god and gastlic, gifena gefylled 
<P 9>
fremum for+dweardum.
<R 210>
F+agere leohte +t+at li+de land lago yrnende, wylleburne.
<R 212>
Nalles wolcnu +da giet ofer rumne grund regnas b+aron, wann
mid winde, hw+a+dre w+astmum stod folde gefr+atwod.
<R 215>
Heoldon for+dryne eastreamas heora +a+dele feower of +tam
niwan neorxnawonge.
<R 218>
+ta w+aron ad+alede drihtnes mihtum ealle of anum, +ta he +tas
eor+dan gesceop, w+atre wlitebeorhtum, and on woruld sende.
<R 221>
[{+t+ara{] [{anne{] hata+d ylde, eor+dbuende, Fison folcweras;
[{se{] foldan d+al brade bebuge+d beorhtum streamum
Hebeleac utan.
<R 224>
On +t+are e+dyltyrf ni+d+das finda+d nean and feorran gold and
gymcynn, gum+teoda bearn, +da selestan, +t+as 
+te us secga+d bec.
<R 228>
+tonne seo +aftre Ethiopia land and liodgeard belige+d uton,
ginne rice, +t+are is Geon noma.
<R 231>
+tridda is Tigris, seo wi+d +teodscipe, ea inflede, Assiri+e
beli+d.
<R 233>
Swilce is seo feor+de, +ta nu geond folc monig weras Eufraten
wide nemna+d.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 32>
<R 965>
Ongunnon hie +ta be godes h+ase bearn astrienan, swa him metod
bebead.
<R 967>
Adames and Euan aforan w+aron freolicu twa frumbearn cenned,
Cain and Abel.
<R 969>
Us cy+da+d bec, hu +ta d+adfruman duge+ta stryndon, welan and
wiste, willgebro+dor.
<R 972>
O+der his to eor+dan elnes tilode, se w+as +arboren; o+der
+ahte heold f+ader on fultum, o+d+t+at for+d gewat 
d+agrimes worn.
<R 975>
Hie +ta drihtne lac begen brohton.
<R 976>
Brego engla beseah on Abeles gield eagum sinum, cyning
eallwihta, Caines ne wolde tiber sceawian.
<R 979>
+t+at w+as torn were hefig +at heortan.
<R 980>
Hygew+alm [{asteah{] beorne on breostum, blatende ni+d, yrre
for +afstum.
<R 982>
He +ta unr+aden folmum gefremede, freom+ag ofsloh, bro+dor
sinne, and his blod ageat, Cain Abeles.
<R 985>
Cwealmdreore swealh +t+as middangeard, monnes swate.
<R 987>
+after w+alswenge wea w+as ar+ared, tregena tuddor.
<R 988>
Of +dam twige si+d+dan ludon la+dwende leng swa swi+dor re+de
w+astme.
<R 990>
R+ahton wide geond wer+teoda wrohtes telgan, hrinon hearmtanas
hearde and sare drihta bearnum, do+d gieta 
swa, of +tam brad blado bealwa gehwilces sprytan ongunnon.
<R 995>
We +t+at spell magon, w+algrimme wyrd, wope cwi+dan, nales
holunge; ac us hearde sceod freolecu f+amne +turh forman gylt 
<P 33>
+te wi+d metod +afre men gefremeden,
eor+dbuende, si+d+dan Adam wear+d of godes mu+de gaste
eacen.
<R 1002>
+da worde fr+agn wuldres aldor Cain, hw+ar Abel eor+dan w+are.
<R 1004>
Him +da se cystleasa cwealmes wyrhta +adre +after +ton
andswarode: Ne can ic Abeles or ne fore, hleom+ages 
si+d, ne ic hyrde w+as bro+der mines.
<R 1008>
Him +ta brego engla, godspedig gast gean +tingade: Hw+at,
befealdest +tu folmum +tinum wra+dum on w+albedd
[{w+arf+astne{] rinc, bro+dor +tinne, and his blod to me
cleopa+d and cige+d.
<R 1013>
+tu +t+as cwealmes scealt wite winnan and on wr+ac hweorfan,
awyrged to widan aldre.
<R 1015>
Ne sele+d +te w+astmas eor+de wlitige to woruldnytte, ac heo
w+aldreore swealh halge of handum +tinum; for+ton 
heo +te hro+dra oftih+d, gl+ames grene folde.
<R 1018>
+tu scealt geomor hweorfan, arleas of earde +tinum, swa +tu
Abele wurde to feorhbanan; for+ton +tu flema
scealt widlast wrecan, winemagum la+d.
<R 1022>
Him +ta [{+adre{] Cain andswarode: Ne +tearf ic +anigre are
wenan on woruldrice, ac ic forworht h+abbe, heofona 
heahcyning, hyldo +tine, lufan and freode; for+ton ic
lastas sceal wean on wenum wide lecgan, hwonne 
me gemitte manscyldigne, se me feor o+d+de neah f+ah+de
gemonige, bro+dorcwealmes.
<R 1030>
Ic his blod ageat, dreor on eor+dan.
<R 1031>
+tu to d+age +tissum ademest me fram dugu+de and adrifest from
earde minum.
<R 1033>
Me to aldorbanan weor+de+d wra+dra sum.
<R 1034>
Ic awyrged sceal, +teoden, of gesyh+de +tinre hweorfan.
<P 34>
<R 1036>
Him +ta selfa oncw+a+d sigora drihten: Ne +tearft +du +te
ondr+adan dea+des brogan, feorhcwealm nu giet, +teah 
+tu from scyle freomagum feor fah gewitan.
<R 1040>
Gif [{+te{] monna hwelc mundum sinum aldre beneote+d, hine on
cyme+d +after +t+are synne seofonfeald wracu, 
wite +after weorce.
<R 1044>
Hine waldend on, tirf+ast metod, tacen sette, freo+dobeacen
frea, +ty l+as hine feonda hwilc mid gu+d+tr+ace 
gretan dorste feorran o+d+de nean.
<R 1047>
Heht +ta from hweorfan meder and magum manscyldigne, cnosle
sinum.
<R 1049>
Him +ta Cain gewat gongan geomormod gode of gesyh+de, wineleas
wrecca, and him +ta wic geceas eastlandum on, 
e+delstowe f+adergeardum feor, +t+ar him freolecu m+ag,
ides +after +a+delum eaforan fedde.
<R 1055>
Se +aresta w+as Enos haten, frumbearn Caines.
<R 1056>
Si+d+dan [{f+asten{] ongon mid +tam cneomagum ceastre timbran;
+t+at w+as under wolcnum weallf+astenna +arest ealra 
+tara +te +a+delingas, sweordberende, settan heton.
<R 1061>
+tanon his eaforan +arest wocan, bearn from bryde, on +tam
burhstede.
<R 1063>
Se yldesta w+as Iared haten, sunu Enoses.
<R 1064>
Si+d+dan wocan, +ta +t+as cynnes cneowrim icton, m+agburg
Caines.
<R 1066>
Malalehel w+as +after Iarede yrfes hyrde f+ader on laste,
o+d+t+at he for+d gewat.
<R 1069>
Si+d+dan Mathusal magum d+alde, bearn +after bearne bro+drum
sinum +a+delinga gestreon, o+d+t+at aldorgedal 
<P 35>
frod fyrndagum fremman sceolde, lif ofl+atan.
<R 1073>
Lameh onfeng +after f+ader d+age fletgestealdum,
botlgestreonum.
<R 1075>
Him bryda twa, idesa on e+dle eaforan feddon, Ada and Sella;
+tara anum w+as Iabal noma, se +turh gleawne 
ge+tanc herbuendra hearpan +arest handum sinum hlyn awehte,
swinsigende sweg, sunu Lamehes.
<R 1082>
Swylce on +d+are m+ag+de maga w+as haten on +ta ilcan tid
Tubal Cain, se +turh snytro sped smi+dcr+aftega w+as, 
and +turh modes gemynd monna +arest, sunu Lamehes,
sulhgeweorces fruma w+as ofer foldan, si+d+dan folca 
bearn [{+ares{] cu+don and isernes, burhsittende, brucan
wide.
<R 1090>
+ta his wifum tw+am wordum s+agde Lameh seolfa, leofum
gebeddum, Adan and Sellan unarlic spel: Ic on mor+dor 
ofsloh minra [{sumne{] hyldemaga.
<R 1094>
honda gewemde on Caines cwealme mine, fylde mid folmum f+ader
Enoses, ordbanan Abeles, eor+dan sealde
w+aldreor weres.
<R 1098>
Wat [{ic{] gearwe +t+at +tam lichryre on last cyme+d
so+dcyninges seofonfeald wracu, micel +after mane.
<R 1101>
Min sceal swi+dor mid grimme gryre golden wur+dan fyll and
feorhcwealm, +tonne ic for+d scio.
<R 1104>
+ta wear+d Adame on Abeles gyld eafora on e+dle o+ter feded,
so+df+ast sunu, +tam w+as Seth noma.
<R 1107>
Se w+as eadig and his yldrum +dah freolic to frofre, f+ader
and meder, 
<P 36>
Adames and Euan, w+as Abeles gield on woruldrice.
<R 1110>
+ta word acw+a+d ord moncynnes: Me ece [{sunu{] [{sealde{]
selfa sigora waldend, lifes aldor on leofes st+al,
+t+as +te Cain ofsloh, and me cearsorge mid +tys magotimbre
of mode asceaf +teoden usser.
<R 1116>
Him +t+as +tanc sie.
<R 1117>
Adam h+afde, +ta he eft ongan him to [{e+delst+afe{] o+dres
strienan bearnes be bryde, beorn ellenrof, XXX 
and C +tisses lifes, wintra on worulde.
<R 1121>
Us gewritu secga+d +t+at her eahtahund iecte si+d+dan m+ag+dum
and m+acgum m+agburg sine Adam on eor+dan; ealra 
h+afde nigenhund wintra and XXX eac, +ta he +tas woruld
+turh gastgedal ofgyfan sceolde.
<R 1128>
Him on laste Seth [{leod{] weardode, eafora +after yldrum;
e+telstol heold and wif begeat.
<R 1130>
Wintra h+afde fif and hundteontig +ta [{he{] fur+dum ongan his
m+agburge men geicean sunum and dohtrum.
<R 1133>
[{Sethes{] eafora se yldesta w+as Enos haten; se nemde god
ni+d+ta bearna +arest ealra, si+d+dan Adam stop on 
grene gr+as gaste geweor+dad.
<R 1138>
Seth w+as ges+alig; si+d+dan strynde seofon winter her suna
and dohtra [{and{] eahtahund.
<R 1140>
Ealra h+afde XII and nigonhund, +ta seo tid gewear+d 
+t+at he fri+dgedal fremman sceolde.
<R 1143>
Him +after heold, +ta he of worulde gewat, 
<P 37>
Enos yrfe, si+d+dan
eor+de swealh s+adberendes Sethes lice.
<R 1146>
He w+as leof gode and lifde her wintra hundnigontig +ar he be
wife her [{+turh{] gebedscipe bearn astrynde; 
him +ta cenned wear+d Cainan +arest eafora on e+dle.
<R 1150>
Si+d+dan eahtahund and fiftyno on fri+do drihtnes gleawferh+d
h+ale+d geogo+de strynde, suna and dohtra; swealt, 
+ta he h+afde, frod fyrnwita, V and nigonhund.
<R 1155>
+t+are cneorisse w+as [{Cainan{] si+d+dan +after Enose
aldordema, weard and wisa.
<R 1157>
Wintra h+afde efne hundseofontig +ar him sunu woce.
<R 1159>
+ta wear+d on e+dle eafora feded, mago [{Cainanes{] , Malalehel
w+as haten.
<R 1161>
Si+d+dan eahtahund +a+delinga rim and [{feowertig{] eac feorum
geicte Enoses sunu.
<R 1163>
Ealra nigonhund wintra h+afde +ta he woruld ofgeaf and tyne
eac, +ta his tidd+age under rodera rum rim w+as gefylled.
<R 1167>
Him on laste heold land and yrfe Malalehel si+d+dan missera
worn.
<R 1169>
Se frumgara fif and sixtig wintra h+afde +ta he be wife ongann
bearna strynan.
<R 1171>
Him bryd sunu meowle to monnum brohte.
<R 1172>
Se maga w+as on his m+ag+de, mine gefr+age, guma on geogo+de,
Iared haten.
<R 1175>
Lifde si+d+dan and lissa breac Malalehel lange, mondreama her,
woruldgestreona.
<R 1177>
Wintra h+afde fif and hundnigontig, +ta he for+d gewat, 
<P 38>
and eahtahund; eaforan l+afde land and leodweard.
<R 1180>
Longe si+d+dan Geared gumum gold brittade.
<R 1182>
Se eorl w+as +a+dele, +af+ast h+ale+d, and se frumgar his
freomagum leof.
<R 1184>
Fif and hundteontig on fyore lifde wintra gebidenra on
woruldrice and syxtig eac +ta seo s+al gewear+d
+t+at his wif sunu on woruld brohte; se eafora w+as Enoc
haten, freolic frumbearn.
<R 1189>
F+ader her +ta gyt his cynnes for+d cneorim icte, [{eaforan{]
eahtahund; ealra h+afde V and syxtig, +ta he 
for+d gewat, and nigonhund eac nihtgerimes, wine frod wintres,
+ta he +tas woruld ofgeaf [{and{] Geared +ta 
gleawum l+afde land and leodweard, leofum rince.
<R 1197>
Enoch si+d+dan ealdordom ahof, freo+dosped folces wisa, nalles
feallan let dom and drihtscipe, +tenden he 
hyrde w+as heafodmaga.
<R 1201>
Breac bl+addaga, bearna strynde +treohund wintra.
<R 1202>
Him w+as +teoden hold, rodera waldend.
<R 1203>
Se rinc heonon on lichoman lisse sohte, drihtnes dugu+de,
nales dea+de swealt middangeardes, swa her 
men do+t, geonge and ealde, +tonne him god heora +ahta and
+atwist eor+dan gestreona on genime+d and heora aldor somed.
<R 1210>
ac he cwic gewat mid cyning engla of +tyssum l+anan life
[{feran{] on +tam gearwum +te his gast onfeng +ar 
hine to monnum modor brohte.
<R 1214>
He +tam yldestan eaforan l+afde folc, frumbearne; V and 
syxtig
<P 39>
wintra h+afde +ta he woruld ofgeaf, and eac III hund.
<R 1217>
+trage si+d+dan Mathusal heold maga yrfe, se on lichoman
lengest [{+tissa{] worulddreama breac.
<R 1220>
Worn gestrynde +ar his swyltd+age suna and dohtra; h+afde frod
h+ale, +ta he from sceolde ni+t+tum hweorfan, 
nigonhund wintra and hundseofontig to.
<R 1224>
Sunu +after heold, Lamech leodgeard, lange si+d+dan woruld
bryttade.
<R 1226>
Wintra h+afde twa and hundteontig +ta seo tid gewear+d +t+at
se eorl ongan +a+dele cennan, sunu and dohtor.
<R 1229>
Si+d+dan lifde fif and hundnigontig, frea moniges breac wintra
under wolcnum, werodes aldor, [{and{] V hund eac; 
heold +t+at folc teala, bearna strynde, him byras
wocan, [{eaforan{] and idesa.
<R 1234>
He +tone yldestan No+e nemde, se ni+d+dum +ar land bryttade
si+d+dan Lamech gewat.
<R 1237>
H+afde +a+delinga aldorwisa V hund wintra +ta he fur+dum 
ongan bearna strynan, +t+as +te bec cwe+da+t.
<R 1240>
Sem w+as haten sunu Noes, se yldesta, o+der Cham, +tridda
Iafeth.
<R 1242>
+teoda tymdon rume under roderum, rim miclade monna m+ag+de
geond middangeard sunum and dohtrum.
<R 1245>
+da giet w+as Sethes cynn, leofes leodfruman on lufan swi+de
drihtne dyre and domeadig, o+d+t+at bearn godes 
bryda ongunnon on Caines cynne secan, wergum folce, and
him +t+ar wif curon ofer metodes est monna eaforan, 
<P 40>
scyldfulra m+ag+d scyne and f+agere.
<R 1253>
+ta reordade rodora waldend wra+d moncynne and +ta worde
cw+a+d: Ne syndon me on ferh+de freo from gewitene 
cneorisn Caines, ac me +t+at cynn hafa+d sare abolgen.
<R 1256>
Nu me Sethes bearn torn niwia+d and him to nima+d m+age+d to
gem+accum minra feonda; +t+ar wifa wlite onwod 
grome, idesa ansien, and ece feond folcdriht wera, +ta +ar
on fri+de w+aron.
<R 1262>
Si+d+dan hundtwelftig geteled rime wintra on worulde wr+ace
bisgodon f+age +teoda, hwonne frea wolde on 
w+arlogan wite settan and on dea+d slean d+adum scyldige
gigantm+acgas, gode unleofe, micle manscea+dan,
metode la+de.
<R 1270>
+ta geseah selfa sigoro waldend hw+at w+as monna manes on
eor+dan and +t+at hie w+aron womma +driste, inwitfulle.
<R 1273>
He +t+at unf+agere wera cneorissum gewrecan +tohte, forgripan
gumcynne grimme and sare, heardum mihtum.
<R 1276>
Hreaw hine swi+de +t+at he folcm+ag+ta fruman aweahte,
+a+delinga ord, +ta he Adam sceop, cw+a+d +t+at he wolde
for wera synnum eall a+a+dan +t+at on eor+dan w+as, forleosan
lica gehwilc +tara +te lifes gast f+a+dmum +teahte.
<R 1282>
Eall +t+at frea wolde on +d+are toweardan tide acwellan +te
+ta neal+ahte ni+d+da bearnum.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 72>
<R 2419>
Weras basnedon [{witelaces{] , wean under weallum, and heora
wif somed.
<R 2421>
Dugu+dum wlance drihtne guldon god mid gnyrne, o+d+t+at gasta
helm, lifes leohtfruma leng ne wolde torn
+trowigean, ac him to sende sti+dmod cyning strange twegen
aras sine, +ta on +afentid si+de gesohton Sodoma ceastre.
<R 2428>
Hie +ta +at burhgeate beorn gemitton sylfne sittan sunu
Arones, +t+at +tam gleawan were geonge +tuhton men 
for his eagum.
<R 2431>
Aras +ta metodes +teow gastum togeanes, gretan eode 
<P 73>
cuman cu+dlice, cynna gemunde riht and gerisno, and 
+tam rincum bead nihtfeormunge.
<R 2435>
Him +ta nergendes +a+dele [{+arendracan{] andswarodon: Hafa
arna +tanc, +tara +te +tu unc bude.
<R 2438>
Wit be +tisse str+ate stille +tenca+d s+ales bidan, si+d+dan
[{sunnan{] eft for+d to morgen metod up forl+at.
<R 2441>
+ta to fotum Loth +tam giestum hnah, and him georne bead reste
and gereorda and his recedes hleow and
+tegnunge.
<R 2444>
Hie on +tanc curon +a+delinges est, eodon sona, swa him se
Ebrisca eorl wisade, in undor edoras.
<R 2447>
+t+ar him se +a+dela geaf, gleawferh+d h+ale, giestli+dnysse
f+agre on flette, o+d+t+at for+d gewat +afenscima.
<R 2450>
+ta com +after niht on last d+age.
<R 2451>
Lagustreamas wreah, +trym mid +tystro +tisses lifes, s+as and
sidland.
<R 2453>
Comon Sodomware, geonge and ealde, gode unleofe cor+drum
miclum cuman acsian, +t+at hie beh+afdon herges 
m+agne Loth mid giestum.
<R 2457>
Heton l+adan ut of +tam hean hofe halige aras, weras to
gewealde, wordum cw+adon +t+at mid +tam h+ale+dum h+aman 
wolden unscomlice, arna ne gymden.
<R 2462>
+ta aras hra+de, se +de oft r+ad ongeat, Loth on recede, eode
lungre ut, spr+ac +ta ofer ealle +a+delinga gedriht 
sunu Arones, snytra gemyndig: Her syndon inne unwemme
twa dohtor mine.
<R 2467>
Do+d, swa ic eow bidde ne can +tara idesa ow+der gieta 
<P 74>
+turh gebedscipe beorna neawest and geswica+d +t+are synne.
<R 2470>
Ic eow sylle +ta, +ar ge sceonde wi+d gesceapu fremmen,
ungifre yfel ylda bearnum.
<R 2473>
Onfo+d +t+am f+amnum, l+ata+d fri+d agon gistas mine, +ta ic
for gode wille gemundbyrdan, gif ic mot, for eow.
<R 2476>
Him +ta seo m+anigeo +turh gem+ane word, arlease cyn,
andswarode: +tis +tince+d gerisne and riht micel, +t+at 
+tu +de aferige of +tisse folcsceare.
<R 2480>
+tu +tas wer+deode wr+accan laste freonda feasceaft feorran
gesohtest, [{wine+tearfende{] .
<R 2482>
Wilt +du, gif +tu most, wesan usser her aldordema, leodum
lareow?
<R 2485>
+ta ic on Lothe gefr+agn h+a+dne herem+acgas handum gripan,
faum folmum.
<R 2486>
Him fylston wel gystas sine, and hine of gromra +ta, cuman
arf+aste, clommum abrugdon in under edoras, 
and +ta ofstlice anra gehwilcum ymbstandendra folces Sodoma
f+aste fors+aton heafodsiena.
<R 2492>
Wear+d eal here sona burhwarena blind.
<R 2493>
Abrecan ne meahton re+demode reced +after gistum, swa hie
fundedon, ac +t+ar frome w+aron godes spellbodan.
<R 2496>
H+afde gistm+agen sti+de strengeo, styrnde swi+de werode mid
wite.
<R 2498>
Spr+acon wordum +ta f+ale freo+doscealcas f+agre to Lothe: Gif
+tu sunu age o+d+de sw+asne m+ag, o+d+de on +tissum 
folcum freond +anigne eac +tissum idesum +te we her on
wlita+d, al+ade of +tysse leodbyrig, +ta +de leofe 
sien, ofestum miclum, and +tin ealdor nere, +ty l+as +tu
forweor+de mid +tyssum w+arlogan.
<P 75>
<R 2506>
Unc hit waldend heht for wera synnum Sodoma and Gomorra
sweartan lige, fyre gesyllan and +tas folc slean, 
cynn on ceastrum mid cwealm+trea and his torn wrecan.
<R 2510>
+t+are tide is neah ge+trungen.
<R 2511>
Gewit +tu nergean +tin feorh foldwege.
<R 2512>
+te is frea milde.
<R 2513>
Him +ta +adre Loth andswarode: Ne m+ag ic mid idesum
aldornere mine swa feor heonon fe+degange si+de gesecan.
<R 2516>
Git me sibblufan and freondscipe f+agre cy+da+d, treowe and
hyldo ti+dia+d me.
<R 2519>
Ic wat hea burh her ane neah, lytle ceastre.
<R 2520>
Lyfa+d me +t+ar are and reste, +t+at we aldornere on Sigor up
secan moten.
<R 2523>
Gif git +t+at f+asten fyre willa+d steape forstandan, on
+t+are stowe we gesunde magon s+ales bidan, feorh
generigan.
<R 2527>
Him +ta freondlice englas arf+aste andswaredon: +tu scealt
+t+are bene, nu +tu ymb +ta burh [{sprycest{] , ti+da weor+dan.
<R 2529>
Teng recene to +tam f+astenne; wit +te fri+de healda+d and
mundbyrde.
<R 2531>
Ne moton wyt on w+arlogum wrecan torn godes, swebban synnig
cynn, +ar +don +tu on S+agor +tin bearn gel+ade 
and bryd somed.
<R 2534>
+ta onette Abrahames m+ag to +tam f+astenne.
<R 2536>
Fe+de ne sparode eorl mid idesum, ac he ofstum for+d lastas
legde, o+d+t+at he gel+adde bryd mid bearnum 
under burhlocan in S+agor his.
<R 2540>
+ta sunne up, folca fri+dcandel, fur+dum eode, 
<P 76>
+ta ic sendan
gefr+agn swegles aldor swefl of heofnum and
sweartne lig werum to wite, weallende fyr, +t+as hie on
+ardagum drihten tyndon lange +trage.
<R 2546>
Him +t+as lean forgeald gasta waldend.
<R 2547>
Grap heah+trea on h+a+dencynn.
<R 2548>
Hlynn wear+d on ceastrum, cirm arleasra cwealmes on ore,
la+dan cynnes.
<R 2550>
Lig eall fornam +t+at he grenes fond goldburgum in, swylce
+t+ar ymbutan unlytel d+al sidre foldan geondsended 
w+as bryne and brogan.
<R 2554>
Bearwas wurdon to axan and to yslan, eor+dan w+astma, efne swa
wide swa +da witelac re+de ger+ahton rum land wera.
<R 2558>
Strudende fyr steapes and geapes, swogende [{leg{] , forswealh
eall [{geador{] +t+at on Sodoma byrig secgas 
ahton and on Gomorra.
<R 2561>
Eall +t+at god spilde, frea mid +ty folce.
<R 2562>
+ta +t+at fyrgebr+ac, leoda lifgedal, Lothes gehyrde bryd on
burgum, under b+ac beseah wi+d +t+as w+alfylles.
<R 2565>
Us gewritu secga+d +t+at heo on sealtstanes sona wurde
anlicnesse.
<R 2567>
+afre si+d+dan se monlica +t+at is m+are spell stille wunode,
+t+ar hie strang begeat wite, +t+as heo wordum 
wuldres +tegna hyran ne wolde.
<R 2571>
Nu sceal heard and steap on +tam wicum wyrde bidan, drihtnes
domes, hwonne dogora rim, woruld gewite.
<R 2574>
+t+at is wundra sum, +tara +de geworhte wuldres aldor.
<R 2576>
Him +ta Abraham gewat ana gangan mid +ard+age +t+at he [{eft{]
gestod 
<P 77>
+t+ar wordum +ar wi+d his waldend spr+ac frod frumgara.
<R 2579>
He geseah from foldan up wide fleogan w+algrimne rec.
<R 2581>
Hie +t+as wlenco onwod and wingedrync +t+at hie firend+ada to
frece wurdon, synna +triste, so+d ofergeaton, 
drihtnes domas, and hwa him duge+da forgeaf, bl+ad on
burgum.
<R 2585>
For+ton him brego engla wylmhatne lig to wr+ace sende.
<R 2587>
Waldend usser gemunde w+arf+ast +ta Abraham arlice, swa he oft
dyde leofne mannan.
<R 2589>
Loth generede, m+ag +t+as o+dres, +ta seo m+anegeo forwear+d.
<R 2591>
Ne dorste +ta d+adrof h+ale for frean egesan on +tam f+astenne
leng eardigean, ac him Loth gewat of byrig 
gangan and his bearn somed w+alstowe fyrr wic sceawian,
o+d+t+at hie be hli+de heare dune eor+dscr+af fundon.
<R 2597>
+t+ar se eadega Loth w+arf+ast wunode, waldende leof,
d+agrimes worn and his dohtor twa.
<R 2600>
Hie dydon swa; druncnum eode seo yldre to +ar on reste heora
bega f+ader.
<R 2602>
Ne wiste blondenfeax hwonne him f+amnan to bryde him bu
w+aron, on ferh+dcofan f+aste [{genearwod{] mode and 
gemynde, +t+at he m+ag+da si+d wine druncen gewitan ne
meahte.
<R 2607>
Idesa wurdon eacne, eaforan brohtan willgesweostor on woruld
sunu heora ealdan f+ader.
<R 2609>
+tara +a+delinga modor o+derne Moab nemde, Lothes dohter, seo
on life w+as wintrum yldre.
<R 2611>
Us gewritu secgea+d, 
<P 78>
godcunde bec, +t+at seo gingre hire agen
bearn Ammon hete.
<R 2615>
Of +tam frumgarum [{folces{] unrim, +trymf+aste twa +teoda
awocon.
<R 2617>
O+dre +tara m+ag+da Moabitare eor+dbuende ealle hata+d,
widm+are cynn, o+dre weras nemna+d, +a+delinga bearn, 
Ammonitare.
<R 2621>
Gewat him +ta mid bryde bro+dor Arones under Abimelech +ahte
l+adan mid his hiwum.
<R 2623>
H+ale+dum s+agde +t+at Sarra his sweostor w+are, Abraham
wordum bearh his aldre, +ty he wiste gearwe +t+at he 
winemaga, on folce lyt freonda h+afde.
<R 2628>
+ta se +teoden his +tegnas sende, heht [{hie{] bringan to him
selfum.
<R 2630>
+ta w+as ell+teodig o+dre si+de wif [{Abrahames{] from were
l+aded on fremdes f+a+dm.
<R 2632>
Him +t+ar fylste +ta ece drihten, swa he oft dyde, nergend
usser.
<R 2634>
Com nihtes self, +t+ar se waldend l+ag wine druncen.
<R 2636>
Ongan +ta so+dcyning +turh swefn sprecan to +tam +a+delinge
and him yrre hweop: +tu Abrahames idese gename, 
bryde +at beorne.
<R 2639>
+te abregdan sceal for +t+are d+ade dea+d of breostum sawle
+tine.
<R 2642>
Him symbelwerig [{sinces{] brytta +turh sl+ap oncw+a+d:
Hw+at, +tu +afre, engla +teoden, +turh +tin yrre wilt aldre 
l+atan, heah [{beheowan{] , [{+t+ane{] +te her leofa+d
rihtum +teawum, bi+d on r+ade f+ast, 
<P 79>
modge+tance, and him miltse to +te sece+d?
<R 2648>
Me s+agde +ar +t+at wif hire wordum selfa unfricgendum, +t+at
heo Abrahames sweostor w+are.
<R 2651>
N+abbe ic synne wi+d hie, facna +anig gefremed gena.
<R 2653>
Him +ta +adre eft ece drihten, so+df+ast metod, +turh +t+at
swefn oncw+a+d: Agif Abrahame idese sine, wif to
gewealde, gif +tu on worulde leng, +a+delinga helm, aldres
recce.
<R 2658>
He is god and gleaw, m+ag self [{wi+d{] [{god{] sprecan,
geseon sweglcyning.
<R 2659>
+tu sweltan scealt mid feo and mid feorme, gif +du +tam
frumgaran bryde wyrnest.
<R 2661>
He abiddan m+ag, gif he ofstum me [{+arendu{] wile +teawf+ast
and ge+tyldig +tin abeodan, +t+at ic +te lissa lifigendum 
giet on dagum l+ate dugu+ta brucan sinces gesundne.
<R 2667>
+ta sl+ape tobr+agd forht folces weard.
Heht him fetigean to [{gesprecan{] sine, spedum s+agde eorlum
Abimeleh, egesan ge+dread, waldendes word.
<R 2670>
Weras him ondredon for +t+are d+ade drihtnes handa sweng
+after swefne.
<R 2672>
Heht sylf cyning him +ta Abraham to ofstum miclum.
<R 2674>
+ta reordode rice +teoden: Mago Ebrea, +t+as +tu me wylle
wordum secgean, hu [{geworhte{] ic +t+at, si+d+dan +tu
usic under, Abraham, +tine on +tas e+delturf +ahta l+addest,
+t+at +tu me +tus swi+de searo renodest?
<R 2680>
+tu ell+teodig usic woldest on +tisse folcsceare facne
besyrwan, 
<P 80>
synnum besmitan, s+agdest wordum +t+at Sarra 
+tin sweostor w+are, lices m+age, woldest la+dlice +turh
+t+at wif on me wrohte alecgean, orm+ate yfel.
<R 2686>
We +te arlice gefeormedon, and +te freondlice on +tisse
wer+teode wic get+ahton, land to lissum.
<R 2689>
+tu us leanast nu, unfreondlice fremena +tancast.
<R 2691>
Abraham +ta andswarode: Ne dyde ic for facne ne for
feondscipe ne for wihte +t+as ic +te wean u+de.
<R 2694>
Ac ic me, gumena baldor, gu+dbordes sweng leodmagum feor lare
gebearh, si+d+dan me se halga of hyrde frean, 
mines f+ader fyrn [{al+adde{] .
<R 2698>
Ic fela si+d+dan folca gesohte, wina uncu+dra, and +tis wif
mid me, freonda feasceaft.
<R 2700>
Ic +t+as f+ares a on wenum s+at hwonne me wra+dra sum
ell+teodigne aldre beheowe, se +de him +tas idese eft
agan wolde.
<R 2704>
For+don ic wigsmi+dum wordum s+agde +t+at Sarra min sweostor
w+are +aghw+ar eor+dan +t+ar wit earda leas mid wealandum 
winnan sceoldon.
<R 2708>
Ic +t+at ilce dreah on +tisse e+dyltyrf, si+d+dan ic +tina,
+teoden m+ara, mundbyrde geceas.
<R 2710>
Ne w+as me on mode cu+d, hw+a+der on +tyssum folce frean
+almihtiges egesa w+are, +ta ic her +arest com.
<R 2713>
For+ton ic +tegnum +tinum dyrnde and sylfum +te swi+dost micle
so+dan spr+ace, +t+at me [{Sarra{] bryde laste beddreste 
gestah.
<P 81>
<R 2717>
+ta ongan Abim+aleh Abraham swi+dan woruldgestreonum and him
his wif ageaf.
<R 2719>
Sealde him to bote, +t+as +te he his bryd genam, gangende feoh
and gl+ad seolfor and [{weorc+teos{] .
<R 2721>
[{Spr+ac{] +ta wordum eac to Abrahame +a+delinga helm: wuna
mid usic and +te wic geceos on +tissum lande +t+ar
+te leofost sie, e+delstowe, +te ic agan sceal.
<R 2726>
Wes us f+ale freond, we +de feoh sylla+d.
<R 2727>
Cw+a+d +ta [{eft{] ra+de o+dre worde to Sarran sinces brytta:
Ne +tearf +de on edwit Abraham settan, +din freadrihten, 
+t+at +tu [{flettpa+das{] , m+ag +alfscieno, mine
tr+ade, ac him hygeteonan hwitan seolfre deope bete.
<R 2733>
Ne ceara incit dugu+da of +disse e+dyltyrf ellor secan, winas
uncu+de, ac wunia+d her.
<R 2736>
Abraham fremede swa hine his aldor heht, onfeng freondscipe be
frean h+ase, lufum and lissum.
<R 2738>
He w+as leof gode.
<R 2739>
For+don he sibbe ges+alig dreah and his scippende under
sceade gefor, hleowfe+drum +teaht, her +tenden lifde.
<R 2742>
+ta gien w+as yrre god Abimelehe for +t+are synne +te he wi+d
Sarrai and wi+d Abrahame +ar gefremede, +ta he
ged+alde him deore twa, wif and w+apned.
<R 2746>
He +t+as weorc gehleat, frecne wite.
<R 2747>
Ne meahton freo ne +teowe heora bregoweardas bearnum [{ecan{]
monrim m+age+d, ac him +t+at metod forstod, o+d+t+at 
se halga his hlaforde 
<P 82>
Abraham ongan [{arna{] biddan
ecne drihten.
<R 2752>
Him engla helm getig+dode, tuddorsped onleac folccyninge
freora and +teowra, wera and wifa; let weaxan 
eft heora rimgetel rodora waldend, ead and +ahta.
<R 2757>
+almihtig wear+d milde on mode, moncynnes [{weard{] ,
Abimeleche, swa hine Abraham b+ad.



<B COEXODUS>
<Q OX/3 XX XX EXOD>
<N EXODUS>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  EXODUS.
THE JUNIUS MANUSCRIPT.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, I.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.
AND NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1931.
PP. 91.1 - 107.590^]

[^A1.2^]
<P 91>
[} [\EXODUS\] }]
<R 1>
Hw+at.
We feor and neah gefrigen haba+d ofer middangeard Moyses
domas, wr+aclico wordriht, wera cneorissum, 
in uprodor eadigra gehwam +after bealusi+de bote lifes,
lifigendra gehwam langsumne r+ad, h+ale+dum secgan.
<R 7>
Gehyre se +de wille.
<R 8>
+tone on westenne [{weroda{] drihten, so+df+ast cyning, mid
his sylfes miht gewyr+dode, and him wundra fela, 
ece alwalda, in +aht forgeaf.
<R 12>
He w+as leof gode, leoda aldor, horsc and hre+dergleaw, herges
wisa, freom folctoga.
<R 14>
Faraones cyn, godes [{andsacan{] , gyrdwite band, +t+ar him
gesealde sigora waldend, modgum [{magor+aswan{] , 
his maga feorh, onwist e+dles, Abrahames sunum.
<R 19>
Heah w+as +t+at handlean and him hold frea, gesealde w+apna
geweald wi+d wra+dra gryre, ofercom mid +ty campe 
cneomaga fela, feonda folcriht.
<R 22>
+da w+as forma si+d +t+at hine weroda god wordum n+agde, +t+ar
he him ges+agde so+dwundra fela, hu +tas woruld
worhte witig drihten, eor+dan ymbhwyrft and uprodor, gesette
sigerice, and his sylfes naman, +done yldo 
bearn +ar ne cu+don, frod f+adera cyn, +teah hie fela
wiston.
<R 30>
H+afde he +ta geswi+ded so+dum cr+aftum 
<P 92>
and gewur+dodne
werodes aldor, Faraones feond, on for+dwegas.
<R 33>
+ta w+as ingere ealdum witum dea+de gedrenced drihtfolca
m+ast; hordwearda hryre heaf w+as geniwad, sw+afon 
seledreamas, since berofene.
<R 37>
H+afde manscea+dan +at middere niht frecne gefylled,
frumbearna fela, abrocene burhweardas.
<R 39>
Bana wide scra+d, la+d leodhata, land [{drysmyde{] deadra
hr+awum, dugo+d for+d gewat, wop w+as wide, worulddreama lyt.
<R 43>
W+aron hleahtorsmi+dum handa belocene, alyfed la+dsi+d leode
gretan; folc ferende, [{feond{] w+as bereafod,
hergas on helle.
<R 46>
[{Heofung{] +tider becom, druron deofolgyld.
<R 47>
D+ag w+as m+are ofer middangeard +ta seo mengeo for.
<R 49>
Swa +t+as f+asten dreah fela missera, ealdwerige, Egypta folc,
+t+as +te hie widefer+d wyrnan +tohton Moyses 
magum, gif hie metod lete, on langne lust leofes si+des.
<R 54>
Fyrd w+as gefysed, from se +de l+adde, modig [{magor+aswa{] ,
m+agburh heora.
<R 56>
Oferfor he mid +ty folce f+astena worn, land and leodweard
la+dra manna, enge anpa+das, uncu+d gelad, o+d+t+at 
hie on Gu+dmyrce gearwe b+aron, w+aron land heora
lyfthelme be+teaht, mearchofu morheald.
<R 61>
Moyses ofer +ta, fela meoringa, fyrde gel+adde.
<R 63>
Heht +ta ymb twa niht [{tirf+aste{] h+ale+d, si+d+dan hie
feondum o+dfaren h+afdon, 
<P 93>
ymbwicigean werodes bearhtme 
mid +alfere +athanes byrig, m+agnes m+aste mearclandum on.
<R 68>
Nearwe genyddon on nor+dwegas, wiston him be su+dan Sigelwara
land, forb+arned burhhleo+du, brune leode, hatum heofoncolum.
<R 71>
+t+ar halig god wi+d f+arbryne folc gescylde, b+alce
oferbr+adde byrnendne heofon, halgan nette hatwendne
lyft.
<R 75>
H+afde wederwolcen widum f+a+dmum eor+dan and uprodor efne
ged+aled, l+adde leodwerod, ligfyr adranc, hate heofontorht.
<R 78>
H+ale+d wafedon, drihta gedrymost.
<R 79>
[{D+agsceades{] hleo wand ofer wolcnum; h+afde witig god
sunnan si+df+at [{segle{] ofertolden, swa +ta m+astrapas 
men ne cu+don, ne +da seglrode geseon meahton, eor+dbuende
ealle cr+afte, hu af+astnod w+as feldhusa m+ast, 
si+d+dan he mid wuldre geweor+dode +teodenholde.
<R 87>
+ta w+as +tridda wic folce to frofre.
<R 88>
Fyrd eall geseah hu +t+ar hlifedon halige seglas, lyftwundor
leoht; leode ongeton, dugo+d Israhela, +t+at 
+t+ar drihten cwom weroda drihten, wicsteal metan.
<R 93>
Him beforan foran fyr and wolcen in beorhtrodor, beamas
twegen, +tara +aghw+a+der efnged+alde heah+tegnunga 
haliges gastes, deormodra si+d dagum and nihtum.
<R 98>
+ta ic on morgen gefr+agn modes rofan hebban herebyman hludan
stefnum, wuldres woman.
<R 100>
Werod eall aras, 
<P 94>
modigra m+agen, swa him Moyses bebead, m+are
magor+aswa, metodes folce, fus fyrdgetrum.
<R 103>
For+d gesawon lifes lat+teow lifweg metan; swegl si+de weold,
s+amen +after foron flodwege.
<R 106>
Folc w+as on salum, hlud [{herges{] cyrm.
<R 107>
Heofonbeacen astah +afena gehwam, o+der wundor, syllic +after
[{sunne{] setlrade beheold, ofer leodwerum lige 
scinan, byrnende beam.
<R 111>
Blace stodon ofer sceotendum scire leoman; scinon
scyldhreo+dan, [{sceado{] swi+dredon, neowle nihtscuwan 
neah ne mihton heolstor ahydan; heofoncandel barn.
<R 116>
Niwe nihtweard nyde sceolde wician ofer weredum, +ty l+as him
westengryre, har [{h+a+dbroga{] , holmegum wederum 
[{on{] ferclamme ferh+d [{getw+afde{] .
<R 120>
H+afde foregenga fyrene loccas, blace beamas; bellegsan hweop
in +tam here+treate, hatan lige, +t+at he 
on westenne werod forb+arnde, nym+de hie modhwate Moyses
hyrde.
<R 125>
Scean scir werod, scyldas lixton, gesawon randwigan rihte
str+ate, segn ofer sweoton, o+d+t+at s+af+asten
landes +at ende [{leodm+agne{] forstod, fus on for+dweg.
<R 129>
Fyrdwic aras; wyrpton hie werige, wiste gen+agdon modige
mete+tegnas, hyra m+agen beton.
<R 132>
Br+addon +after beorgum, si+d+dan byme sang, flotan feldhusum.
<R 133>
+ta w+as feor+de wic, randwigena r+ast, be +tan readan s+a.
<P 95>
<R 135>
+d+ar on fyrd hyra f+arspell becwom, oht inlende.
<R 136>
Egsan stodan, w+algryre weroda; wr+acmon gebad la+dne
lastweard, se +de him lange +ar e+delleasum onnied
gescraf, wean witum f+ast.
<R 140>
W+are ne gymdon, +deah +te se yldra cyning +ar ge.
<R 142>
+ta wear+d yrfeweard ingefolca, manna +after ma+dmum, +t+at he
swa miceles ge+dah.
<R 144>
Ealles +t+as forgeton si+d+dan grame wurdon Egypta cyn
[{ymbe{] antwig; +da heo his m+agwinum mor+dor fremedon, 
wroht berenedon, w+are fr+aton.
<R 148>
W+aron hea+dowylmas heortan getenge, mihtmod wera; manum
treowum woldon hie +t+at feorhlean facne gyldan, 
+t+atte [{hie{] +t+at d+agweorc dreore gebohte, Moyses
leode, +t+ar him mihtig god on +dam spildsi+de spede forgefe.
<R 154>
+ta him eorla mod ortrywe wear+d si+d+dan hie gesawon of
su+dwegum fyrd Faraonis for+d ongangan, oferholt
wegan, eored lixan, garas trymedon, gu+d hwearfode, blicon
bordhreo+dan, byman sungon, +tufas +tunian,
+teod mearc tredan, on hw+al.
<R 162>
Hreopon herefugolas, hilde gr+adige, deawigfe+dere ofer
drihtneum, wonn w+alceasega.
<R 164>
Wulfas sungon atol +afenleo+d +ates on wenan, carleasan deor,
cwyldrof beodan on la+dra last leodm+agnes
[{fyl{] .
<R 168>
Hreopon mearcweardas middum nihtum, 
<P 96>
fleah f+age gast, folc
w+as geh+aged.
<R 170>
Hwilum of +tam werode wlance +tegnas m+aton milpa+das meara
bogum.
<R 172>
Him +t+ar segncyning wi+d +tone segn foran, manna +tengel,
mearc+treate rad; gu+dweard gumena grimhelm gespeon, 
cyning cinberge, cumbol lixton, wiges on wenum,
w+alhlencan [{sceoc{] , het his hereciste healdan 
georne f+ast [{fyrdgetrum{] .
<R 178>
Freond [{onsegon{] la+dum eagan landmanna cyme.
<R 180>
Ymb hine w+agon wigend unforhte, hare [{heorowulfas{] hilde
gretton, +turstige +tr+acwiges, +teodenholde.
<R 183>
H+afde him alesen leoda duge+de tireadigra twa +tusendo, +t+at
w+aron cyningas and cneowmagas, on +t+at eade 
riht, +a+delum deore.
<R 187>
For+don anra gehwilc ut al+adde w+apnedcynnes, wigan
+aghwilcne +tara +te he on +dam fyrste findan mihte.
<R 190>
W+aron ingemen ealle +atg+adere, cyningas on cor+dre.
<R 191>
Cu+d oft gebad horn on heape to hw+as h+agstealdmen,
gu+d+treat gumena, gearwe b+aron.
<R 194>
Swa +t+ar eorp werod, ecan l+addon, la+d +after la+dum,
leodm+agnes worn, +tusendm+alum; +tider w+aron fuse.
<R 197>
H+afdon hie gemynted to +tam m+agenheapum to +tam +ard+age
Israhela cynn billum abreotan on hyra bro+dorgyld.
<R 200>
For+ton w+as in wicum wop up ahafen, atol +afenleo+d, egesan
stodon, weredon w+alnet, +ta se woma cwom.
<R 203>
Flugon frecne spel, feond w+as anmod, werud w+as wigblac,
o+d+t+at wlance forsceaf 
<P 97>
mihtig engel, se +da menigeo 
beheold +t+at +t+ar gela+de mid him leng ne mihton
geseon tosomne; si+d w+as ged+aled.
<R 207>
H+afde nydfara nihtlangne fyrst, +teah +de him on healfa
gehwam hettend seomedon, m+agen o+d+de merestream; 
nahton maran hwyrft.
<R 211>
W+aron orwenan e+delrihtes, s+aton +after beorgum in blacum
reafum, wean on wenum; w+accende bad eall seo 
sibgedriht somod +atg+adere maran m+agenes, o+d Moyses
bebead eorlas on uhttid +arnum [{bemum{] folc somnigean, 
frecan arisan, habban heora hlencan, hycgan on ellen,
beran beorht searo, beacnum cigean sweot sande near.
<R 220>
Snelle gemundon weardas wigleo+d, werod w+as gefysed, brudon
ofer burgum, byman gehyrdon, flotan feldhusum, 
fyrd w+as on ofste.
<R 224>
Si+d+dan hie getealdon wi+d +tam teonhete on +tam for+dherge
fe+dan twelfe moderofra; m+agen w+as onhrered.
<R 227>
W+as on anra gehwam +a+delan cynnes alesen under lindum leoda
dugu+de on folcget+al fiftig cista; h+afde 
cista gehwilc cu+des werodes garberendra, gu+dfremmendra,
X hund geteled, tireadigra.
<R 233>
+t+at w+as wiglic werod; [{wace{] ne gretton in +t+at
rincget+al r+aswan herges, +ta +te for geogu+de gyt ne mihton 
under bordhreo+dan breostnet wera wi+d flane feond folmum
werigean, ne him bealubenne gebiden h+afdon 
ofer linde l+arig, licwunde swor, gylpplegan gares.
<R 240>
Gamele ne moston, hare hea+dorincas, hilde on+teon, 
<P 98>
gif him
modheapum m+agen swi+drade, ac hie be w+astmum 
[{on{] wig curon, hu in leodscipe l+astan wolde mod mid
aran, eac +tan m+agnes cr+aft, garbeames feng.
<R 247>
+ta w+as handrofra here +atg+adere, fus for+dwegas.
<R 248>
Fana up [{gerad{] , beama beorhtost; [{bidon{] ealle +ta gen
hwonne si+dboda s+astreamum neah leoht ofer lindum 
lyftedoras br+ac.
<R 252>
Ahleop +ta for h+ale+dum hildecalla, bald beohata, bord up
ahof, heht +ta folctogan fyrde gestillan, +tenden 
modiges me+del monige gehyrdon.
<R 256>
Wolde reordigean rices hyrde ofer hereciste halgan stefne,
werodes wisa wur+dmyndum spr+ac: Ne beo+d ge 
+ty forhtran, +teah +te Faraon brohte sweordwigendra side
hergas, eorla unrim.
<R 261>
Him eallum wile mihtig drihten +turh mine hand to d+age
+tissum d+adlean gyfan, +t+at hie lifigende leng
ne moton +agnian mid yrm+dum Israhela cyn.
<R 266>
Ne willa+d eow andr+adan deade fe+dan, f+age ferh+dlocan,
fyrst is +at ende l+anes lifes.
<R 268>
Eow is lar godes abroden of breostum.
<R 269>
Ic on beteran r+ad, +t+at ge gewur+dien wuldres aldor, and eow
liffrean lissa bidde, sigora gesynto, +t+ar ge si+dien.
<R 273>
+tis is se ecea Abrahames god, frumsceafta frea, se +das fyrd
were+d, modig and m+agenrof, mid +t+are miclan hand".
<R 276>
Hof +da for hergum hlude stefne lifigendra [{leod{] , +ta he to
leodum spr+ac: 
<P 99>
"Hw+at, ge nu eagum to on locia+d, 
folca leofost, f+arwundra sum, hu ic sylfa sloh and
+teos swi+dre hand grene tacne garsecges deop.
<R 282>
y+d up f+are+d, ofstum wyrce+d w+ater [{wealf+asten{] .
<R 283>
Wegas syndon dryge, haswe herestr+ata, holm gerymed, ealde
sta+dolas, +ta ic +ar ne gefr+agn ofer middangeard 
men geferan, fage feldas, +ta for+d heonon in ece
[{tid{] y+de +teahton, s+alde s+agrundas.
<R 289>
Su+dwind fornam b+a+dweges bl+ast, [{brim{] is areafod, sand
s+acir [{spaw{] .
<R 291>
Ic wat so+d gere +t+at eow mihtig god miltse gecy+dde, eorlas
+arglade.
<R 293>
Ofest is selost +t+at ge of feonda f+a+dme weor+den, nu se
agend up ar+arde reade streamas in randgebeorh.
<R 297>
Syndon +ta foreweallas f+agre gestepte, wr+atlicu w+agfaru,
o+d wolcna hrof".
<R 299>
+after +tam wordum werod eall aras, modigra m+agen.
<R 300>
Mere stille bad.
<R 301>
Hofon herecyste hwite linde, segnas on sande.
<R 302>
S+aweall astah.
<R 303>
uplang gestod wi+d Israhelum and+agne fyrst. W+as seo eorla
gedriht anes modes, f+astum f+a+dmum freo+dow+are heold.
<R 307>
Nalles hige gehyrdon haliges lare, si+d+dan leofes leo+t
l+aste near sweg swi+drode and sances bland.
<R 310>
+ta +t+at feor+de cyn fyrmest eode, wod on w+agstream, wigan
on heape, ofer grenne grund, Iudisc fe+da 
<P 100>
[{on{] orette [{on{] uncu+d gelad for his m+agwinum.
<R 314>
Swa him mihtig god +t+as d+agweorces deop lean forgeald,
si+d+dan him ges+alde sigorworca hre+d, +t+at he ealdordom 
agan sceolde ofer cynericu, cneowmaga bl+ad.
<R 319>
H+afdon him to segne, +ta hie on sund stigon, ofer
bordhreo+dan beacen ar+ared in +tam garheape, gyldenne 
[{leon{] , drihtfolca m+ast, deora cenost.
<R 323>
Be +tam herewisan hyn+do ne woldon be him lifigendum lange
+tolian, +tonne hie to gu+de garwudu r+ardon +deoda +anigre.
<R 326>
[{+tracu{] w+as on ore, heard handplega, h+agsteald modige
w+apna w+alslihtes, wigend unforhte, bilswa+du blodige, 
beadum+agnes r+as, grimhelma gegrind, +t+ar Iudas for.
<R 331>
+after +t+are fyrde flota modgade, Rubenes sunu.
<R 332>
Randas b+aron s+awicingas ofer sealtne mersc, [{manna{] menio;
micel angetrum eode unforht.
<R 335>
He his ealdordom synnum aswefede, +t+at he si+dor for on
leofes last.
<R 337>
Him on leodsceare frumbearnes riht freobro+dor o+d+tah, ead
and +a+delo; he w+as gearu swa +teah.
<R 340>
+t+ar [{for+d{] +after him folca +try+dum sunu Simeones
sweotum comon; +tridde +teodm+agen +tufas wundon ofer garfare 
gu+dcyste on+trang deawig sceaftum.
<R 344>
D+agwoma becwom ofer [{garsecge{] , godes beacna sum, morgen
m+aretorht; m+agen for+d gewat.
<R 347>
+ta +t+ar folcm+agen for +after o+drum, 
<P 101>
isernhergum.
<R 348>
An wisode m+agen+trymmum m+ast, +ty he m+are wear+d, on
for+dwegas folc +after wolcnum, cynn +after cynne.
<R 351>
Cu+de +aghwilc m+agburga riht, swa him Moises bead, eorla
+a+delo.
<R 353>
Him w+as an f+ader, leof leodfruma, landriht ge+tah, frod on
ferh+de, freomagum leof.
<R 356>
Cende cneowsibbe cenra manna heahf+adera sum, halige +teode,
Israela cyn, onriht godes, swa +t+at or+tancum 
ealde recca+d +ta +te m+agburge m+ast gefrunon, frumcyn
feora, f+ader+a+delo gehw+as.
<R 362>
Niwe flodas Noe oferla+d, +trymf+ast +teoden, mid his +trim
sunum, +tone deopestan [{drencefloda{] +tara +de gewurde 
on woruldrice.
<R 366>
H+afde him on hre+dre halige treowa; for+ton he gel+adde ofer
lagustreamas ma+dmhorda m+ast, mine gefr+age.
<R 369>
On feorhgebeorh foldan h+afde eallum eor+dcynne ece lafe,
frumcneow [{gehw+as{] , f+ader and moder tuddorteondra, 
geteled rime mismicelra +tonne men cunnon, snottor
s+aleoda.
<R 374>
Eac +ton s+ada gehwilc on bearm scipes beornas feredon, +tara
+te under heofonum h+ale+d bryttiga+d.
<R 377>
Swa +t+at wise men wordum secga+d +t+at from Noe nigo+da w+are
f+ader Abrahames on folctale.
<R 380>
+t+at is se Abraham se him engla god naman niwan asceop; eac
+ton neah and feor halige heapas in gehyld 
bebead, wer+teoda geweald; he on wr+ace lifde.
<P 102>
<R 384>
Si+d+dan he gel+adde leofost feora haliges h+asum; heahlond
stigon sibgemagas, on Seone beorh.
<R 387>
W+are hie +t+ar fundon, wuldor gesawon, halige heahtreowe, swa
h+ale+d gefrunon.
<R 389>
+t+ar eft se snottra sunu Dauides, wuldorf+ast cyning, witgan
larum getimbrede tempel gode, [{alh{] haligne, 
eor+dcyninga se wisesta on woruldrice, heahst and
haligost, h+ale+dum gefr+agost, m+ast and m+arost, 
+tara +te manna bearn, fira +after foldan, folmum geworhte.
<R 397>
To +tam me+delstede magan gel+adde Abraham Isaac.
<R 398>
Adfyr onbran; fyrst ferh+dbana no +ty [{f+agenra{] w+as.
<R 400>
Wolde +tone lastweard lige gesyllan, in b+alblyse beorna
selost, his sw+asne sunu to sigetibre, angan 
ofer eor+dan yrfelafe, feores frofre, +da he swa for+d gebad,
leodum to lafe, langsumne hiht.
<R 406>
He +t+at gecy+dde, +ta he +tone cniht genam f+aste mid folmum,
folccu+d geteag ealde lafe, ecg grymetode, 
+t+at he him lifdagas leofran ne wisse +tonne he hyrde
heofoncyninge.
<R 411>
Up ar+amde [{Abraham{] [{+ta{] ; se eorl wolde slean eaferan
sinne unweaxenne, [{ecgum{] reodan magan mid mece,
gif hine [{metod{] lete.
<R 415>
Ne wolde him beorht f+ader bearn +atniman, halig tiber, ac mid
handa befeng.
<R 417>
+ta him styran cwom stefn of heofonum, 
<P 103>
wuldres hleo+dor, word
+after spr+ac: "Ne sleh +tu, Abraham, +tin 
agen bearn, sunu mid sweorde.
<R 420>
So+d is gecy+ded, nu +tin cunnode cyning alwihta, +t+at +tu
wi+d waldend w+are heolde, f+aste treowe, seo +te
freo+do sceal in lifdagum lengest weor+dan, awa to aldre
unswiciendo.
<R 426>
Hu +tearf mannes sunu maran treowe?
<R 427>
Ne behwylfan m+ag heofon and eor+de his wuldres word, widdra
and siddra +tonne bef+a+dman m+age foldan sceattas, 
eor+dan ymbhwyrft and uprodor, garsecges gin and +teos
geomre lyft.
<R 432>
[{He{] a+d swere+d, engla +teoden, wyrda waldend and wereda
god, so+df+ast sigora, +turh his sylfes lif, +t+at
+tines cynnes and cneowmaga, randwiggendra, rim ne cunnon,
yldo ofer eor+dan, ealle cr+afte to gesecgenne 
so+dum wordum, nym+de hwylc +t+as snottor in sefan
weor+de +t+at he ana m+age ealle geriman stanas on 
eor+dan, steorran on heofonum, s+abeorga [{sand{] , sealte
y+da.
<R 442>
ac hie gesitta+d be s+am tweonum o+d Egipte inca+deode land
Cananea, leode +tine, freobearn f+ader, folca
selost".
<R 447>
Folc w+as af+ared, flodegsa becwom gastas geomre, geofon
dea+de hweop.
<R 449>
W+aron beorhhli+du blode bestemed, holm heolfre spaw, hream
w+as on y+dum, w+ater w+apna ful, w+almist astah.
<R 452>
W+aron Egypte eft oncyrde, flugon forhtigende, f+ar ongeton,
<P 104>
woldon hereblea+de hamas findan, gylp wear+d gnornra.
<R 455>
Him ongen genap atol y+da gewealc, ne +d+ar +anig becwom
herges to hame, ac behindan beleac wyrd mid w+age.
<R 458>
+t+ar +ar wegas lagon, mere modgode, m+agen w+as adrenced.
<R 460>
Streamas stodon, storm up gewat heah to heofonum, herewopa
m+ast.
<R 462>
La+de cyrmdon, lyft up geswearc, f+agum st+afnum, flod blod
gewod.
<R 464>
Randbyrig w+aron rofene, rodor swipode meredea+da m+ast,
modige swulton, cyningas on cor+dre, cyre swi+drode 
s+as +at ende.
<R 467>
Wigbord scinon heah ofer h+ale+dum, holmweall astah,
merestream modig.
<R 469>
M+agen w+as on cwealme f+aste gefeterod, for+dganges [{weg{]
searwum +as+aled, sand [{basnodon{] , witodre fyrde, 
hwonne wa+dema stream, sincalda s+a, sealtum y+dum +aflastum
gewuna ece sta+dulas, nacud nydboda, neosan 
come, fah fe+degast, se +de feondum geneop.
<R 477>
W+as seo h+awene lyft heolfre geblanden, brim berstende
blodegesan hweop, s+amanna si+d, o+d+t+at so+d metod 
+turh Moyses hand modge rymde, wide w+a+dde, w+alf+a+dmum
sweop.
<R 482>
Flod famgode, f+age crungon, lagu land gefeol, lyft w+as
onhrered, wicon weallf+asten, w+agas burston, 
multon meretorras, +ta se mihtiga sloh mid halige hand,
heofonrices weard, [{on{] werbeamas.
<R 487>
Wlance +deode ne mihton forhabban helpendra pa+d, merestreames
mod, ac he manegum gesceod gyllende gryre.
<R 490>
Garsecg wedde, 
<P 105>
up ateah, on sleap.
<R 491>
Egesan stodon, weollon w+albenna.
<R 492>
Witrod gefeol heah of heofonum handweorc godes, famigbosma
flodwearde sloh, unhleowan w+ag, alde mece, 
+t+at +dy dea+ddrepe drihte sw+afon, synfullra sweot.
<R 497>
Sawlum lunnon f+aste befarene, flodblac here, si+d+dan hie on
[{bugon{] brun yppinge, modew+aga m+ast.
<R 500>
M+agen eall gedreas +da [{gedrencte{] [{w+aron{] dugo+d
Egypta, Faraon mid his folcum.
<R 502>
He [{onfond{] hra+de, si+d+dan [{grund{] gestah godes andsaca,
+t+at w+as mihtigra mereflodes weard; wolde [{heoruf+a+dmum{] 
hilde gesceadan, yrre and egesfull.
<R 506>
Egyptum wear+d +t+as d+agweorces deop lean gesceod, for+dam
+t+as heriges ham eft ne com ealles ungrundes 
+anig to lafe, +t+atte si+d [{heora{] secgan moste, bodigean
+after burgum bealospella m+ast, hordwearda hryre, 
h+ale+da cwenum, ac +ta m+agen+treatas meredea+d geswealh,
spelbodan [{eac{] .
<R 514>
Se +de sped ahte, ageat gylp wera.
<R 515>
Hie wi+d god wunnon.
<R 516>
+tanon Israhelum ece r+adas on merehwearfe [{Moyses{] s+agde,
heah+tungen wer, halige spr+ace, deop +arende.
<R 519>
[{D+agword{] nemna+d swa gyt wer+deode, on gewritum finda+d
doma gehwilcne, +tara +de him drihten bebead on 
+tam si+dfate so+dum wordum, gif onlucan wile lifes wealhstod,
beorht in breostum, banhuses weard, 
<P 106>
ginf+asten god gastes c+agon.
<R 526>
Run bi+d gerecenod, r+ad for+d g+a+d, hafa+d wislicu word on
f+a+dme, wile meagollice modum t+acan +t+at we gesne 
ne syn godes +teodscipes, metodes miltsa.
<R 530>
He us ma onlyh+d, nu us boceras beteran secga+d lengran
[{lifwynna{] .
<R 532>
+tis is l+ane dream, wommum awyrged, wreccum alyfed, earmra
anbid.
<R 534>
E+dellease +tysne gystsele gih+dum [{healda+d{] , murna+d on
mode, manhus witon f+ast under foldan, +t+ar bi+d fyr 
and wyrm, open ece scr+af.
<R 538>
Yfela [{gehwylces{] swa nu regn+teofas rice d+ala+d, yldo
o+d+de +ardea+d.
<R 540>
Eftwyrd cym+d, m+agen+trymma m+ast ofer middangeard, d+ag
d+adum fah.
<R 542>
Drihten sylfa on +tam me+delstede manegum deme+d, +tonne he
so+df+astra sawla l+ade+d, eadige gastas, on uprodor, 
+t+ar [{is{] leoht and lif, eac +ton lissa bl+ad;
dugo+d on dreame drihten heriga+d, weroda wuldorcyning, 
to widan feore.
<R 549>
Swa reordode r+ada gemyndig manna mildost, mihtum swi+ded,
hludan stefne.
<R 551>
Here stille bad witodes willan, wundor ongeton, modiges
mu+dh+al.
<R 553>
he to m+anegum spr+ac: "Micel is +teos menigeo, m+agenwisa
trum, fullesta m+ast, se +das fare l+ade+d; hafa+d 
[{us{] on Cananea cyn gelyfed burh and beagas, brade rice.
<R 557>
wile nu gel+astan +t+at he lange gehet mid a+dsware, engla
drihten, in fyrndagum f+aderyncynne, 
<P 107>
gif ge gehealda+d halige lare, +t+at ge feonda gehwone for+d
oferganga+d, gesitta+d sigerice be s+am tweonum, beorselas 
beorna.
<R 564>
Bi+d eower bl+ad micel".
<R 565>
+after +tam wordum werod w+as on salum, sungon sigebyman,
segnas stodon, on f+agerne sweg; folc w+as on 
lande, h+afde wuldres beam werud gel+aded, halige heapas, on
hild godes.
<R 570>
Life [{gefegon{] +ta hie o+dl+aded h+afdon feorh of feonda
dome, +teah +de hie hit frecne gene+ddon, weras under 
w+atera hrofas.
<R 572>
Gesawon hie +t+ar weallas standan, ealle him brimu blodige
+tuhton, +turh +ta heora beadosearo w+agon.
<R 574>
Hre+ddon hildespelle, si+d+dan hie +tam [{herge{] wi+dforon;
hofon here+treatas hlude stefne, for +tam d+adweorce 
drihten heredon, weras wuldres sang; wif on o+drum,
folcsweota m+ast, fyrdleo+d golan aclum stefnum, 
eallwundra fela.
<R 580>
+ta w+as e+dfynde Afrisc meowle on geofones sta+de golde
geweor+dod.
<R 582>
Handa hofon halswur+dunge, bli+de w+aron, bote gesawon, heddon
herereafes, h+aft w+as ons+aled.
<R 585>
Ongunnon s+alafe segnum d+alan on y+dlafe, ealde madmas, reaf
and randas.
<R 587>
Heo on riht [{sceodon{] gold and godweb, Iosepes gestreon,
wera wuldorgesteald.
<R 589>
Werigend lagon on dea+dstede, drihtfolca [{m+ast{] .



<B COCHRIST>
<Q OX/3 XX XX CHRI>
<N CHRIST>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  CHRIST.
THE EXETER BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, III.
ED. G. P. KRAPP AND E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1936.
PP. 3.1    - 15.439      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 15.440 - 27.866      (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 27.867 - 33.1080     (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^A3.1^]
<P 3>
[} [\CHRIST\] }]
[} [\I\] }]
<R 1>
cyninge.
<R 2>
+du eart se weallstan +te +da wyrhtan iu wi+dwurpon to weorce.
<R 3>
Wel +te gerise+d +t+at +tu [{heafod{] sie healle m+arre, ond
gesomnige side weallas f+aste gefoge, flint unbr+acne, 
+t+at geond [{eor+dbg{] eall eagna gesih+te wundrien to
worlde wuldres ealdor.
<R 9>
Gesweotula nu +turh searocr+aft +tin sylfes weorc, so+df+ast,
sigorbeorht, ond sona [{forl+at{] weall wi+d wealle.
<R 11>
Nu is +tam weorce +tearf +t+at se [{cr+aftga{] cume ond se
cyning sylfa, ond +tonne gebete, nu gebrosnad is,
hus under hrofe.
<R 14>
He +t+at hra gescop, leomo l+amena; nu sceal liffrea +tone
wergan heap wra+tum ahreddan, earme from egsan, 
swa he oft dyde.
<R 18>
Eala [{+tu{] reccend ond +tu riht cyning, se +te locan
healde+d, lif ontyne+d, [{eadga{] upwegas, o+trum forwyrne+d
wlitigan wilsi+tes, gif his weorc ne deag.
<R 22>
Huru we for +tearfe +tas word spreca+d, ond [{myndgia+d{] +tone
+te mon gescop +t+at he ne [{ete{] ceose weor+dan cearfulra 
+ting, +te we in carcerne sitta+d sorgende, sunnan
wena+d, hwonne us liffrea leoht ontyne, 
<P 4>
weor+de 
ussum mode to mundboran, ond +t+at tydre gewitt tire
bewinde, gedo usic +t+as wyr+de, +te he to wuldre 
forlet, +ta [{we{] heanlice hweorfan sceoldan to +tis enge
lond, e+dle bescyrede.
<R 33>
For+ton secgan m+ag, se +de so+d sprice+d, +t+at he ahredde,
+ta forhwyrfed w+as, frumcyn fira.
<R 35>
W+as seo f+amne geong, m+ag+d manes leas, +te he him to meder
geceas; +t+at w+as geworden butan weres frigum, 
+t+at +turh bearnes gebyrd bryd eacen wear+d.
<R 39>
N+anig efenlic +tam, +ar ne si+t+tan, in worlde gewear+d wifes
gearnung; +t+at degol w+as, dryhtnes geryne.
<R 42>
Eal giofu g+astlic grundsceat geondspreot; +t+ar wisna fela
wear+d inlihted lare longsume +turh lifes fruman 
+te +ar under ho+dman biholen l+agon, witgena wo+dsong,
+ta se waldend cwom, se +te reorda gehw+as ryne 
gemicla+d +dara +te geneahhe noman scyppendes +turh
[{horscne{] had hergan willa+d.
<R 50>
Eala sibbe gesih+d, sancta Hierusalem, cynestola cyst, Cristes
burglond, engla e+telstol, ond +ta ane 
in +te saule so+df+astra simle geresta+d, wuldrum hremge.
<R 54>
N+afre wommes tacn in +tam eardgearde eawed weor+te+d, ac +te
firina gehwylc feor abuge+d, w+arg+do ond gewinnes.
<R 57>
Bist to wuldre full halgan hyhtes, swa +tu gehaten eart.
<R 59>
Sioh nu sylfa +te geond +tas sidan gesceaft, swylce rodores
hrof rume geondwlitan ymb healfa gehwone,
hu +tec heofones cyning si+de gesece+d, ond sylf cyme+d,
nime+d eard in +te, swa hit +ar gefyrn witgan wisf+aste 
wordum s+agdon, 
<P 5>
cy+ddon Cristes gebyrd, cw+adon +te to
frofre, burga betlicast.
<R 66>
Nu is +t+at bearn cymen, aw+acned to wyrpe weorcum Ebrea,
bringe+d blisse +te, benda onlyse+d ni+tum [{genedde{] .
<R 69>
Nearo+tearfe conn, hu se earma sceal are gebidan.
<R 71>
Eala wifa wynn geond wuldres +trym, f+amne freolicast ofer
ealne foldan sceat +t+as +te +afre sundbuend secgan 
hyrdon, arece us +t+at geryne +t+at +te of roderum cwom,
hu +tu eacnunge +afre onfenge bearnes +turh 
gebyrde, ond +tone gebedscipe +after monwisan mod ne cu+des.
<R 78>
Ne we so+dlice swylc ne gefrugnan in +ardagum +afre gelimpan,
+t+at +du in sundurgiefe swylce befenge, ne
we +t+are wyrde wenan +turfon toweard in tide.
<R 82>
Huru treow in +te weor+dlicu wunade, nu +tu wuldres +trym
bosme geb+are, ond no gebrosnad wear+d m+ag+dhad se micla.
<R 85>
Swa eal manna bearn sorgum sawa+d, swa eft ripa+d, cenna+d to
cwealme.
<R 87>
Cw+a+d sio eadge m+ag symle sigores full, sancta Maria: Hw+at
is +teos wundrung +te ge wafia+d, ond geomrende 
geh+tum m+ana+d, sunu [{Solim+a{] somod his dohtor?
<R 92>
Fricga+d +turh fyrwet hu ic f+amnan had, mund minne geheold,
ond eac modor gewear+d m+are meotudes suna.
<R 94>
For+tan +t+at monnum nis cu+d geryne, ac Crist onwrah in
Dauides dyrre m+agan +t+at is Euan scyld eal forpynded, 
w+arg+da aworpen, ond gewuldrad is se heanra had.
<R 99>
Hyht is onfangen +t+at nu bletsung mot b+am gem+ane, 
<P 6>
werum ond
wifum, a to worulde for+d in +tam uplican 
engla dreame mid so+df+ader symle wunian.
<R 104>
Eala earendel, engla beorhtast, ofer middangeard monnum
sended, ond so+df+asta sunnan leoma, torht ofer 
tunglas, +tu tida gehwane of sylfum +te symle inlihtes.
<R 109>
Swa +tu, god of gode gearo acenned, sunu so+tan f+ader,
swegles in wuldre butan anginne +afre w+are, swa
+tec nu for +tearfum +tin agen geweorc bide+d +turh byldo,
+t+at +tu +ta beorhtan us sunnan onsende, ond +te
sylf cyme +t+at +du inleohte +ta +te longe +ar, +trosme
be+teahte ond in +teostrum her, s+aton sinneahtes.
<R 117>
synnum bifealdne deorc dea+tes sceadu dreogan sceoldan.
<R 119>
Nu we hyhtfulle h+alo gelyfa+d +turh +t+at word godes weorodum
brungen, +te on frym+de w+as f+ader +almihtigum 
efenece mid god, ond nu eft gewear+d fl+asc firena leas,
+t+at seo f+amne geb+ar geomrum to geoce.
<R 124>
God w+as mid us gesewen butan synnum; somod eardedon mihtig
meotudes bearn ond se monnes sunu ge+tw+are 
on +teode.
<R 127>
We +t+as +tonc magon secgan sigedryhtne symle bi gewyrhtum,
+t+as +te he hine sylfne us sendan wolde.
<R 130>
Eala g+asta god, hu +tu gleawlice mid noman ryhte nemned
w+are Emmanuhel, swa hit engel gecw+a+d +arest on Ebresc.
<R 133>
+t+at is [{eft{] gereht, rume bi gerynum: Nu is rodera weard,
god sylfa mid us.
<R 135>
Swa +t+at gomele gefyrn ealra cyninga cyning ond +tone cl+anan
eac 
<P 7>
sacerd so+dlice s+agdon toweard, swa se 
m+ara iu, Melchisedech, gleaw in g+aste god+trym onwrah eces
alwaldan.
<R 140>
Se w+as +a bringend, lara l+adend, +tam longe his hyhtan
hidercyme, swa him gehaten w+as, +t+atte sunu meotudes 
sylfa wolde gef+alsian foldan m+ag+de, swylce grundas
eac g+astes m+agne si+te gesecan.
<R 146>
Nu hie softe +t+as bidon in bendum hwonne bearn godes cwome to
cearigum.
<R 148>
For+ton cw+adon swa, suslum gesl+ahte: Nu +tu sylfa cum,
heofones heahcyning.
<R 150>
Bring us h+alolif, werigum wite+teowum, wope forcymenum,
bitrum brynetearum.
<R 152>
Is seo bot gelong eal +at +te anum ofer+tearfum.
<R 154>
H+aftas hygegeomre hider [{es{] : ne l+at +te behindan, +tonne
+tu heonan cyrre, m+anigo +tus micle, ac +tu miltse 
on us gecy+d cynelice, Crist nergende, wuldres +a+teling,
ne l+at awyrgde ofer us onwald agan.
<R 159>
L+af us ecne gefean wuldres +tines, +t+at +tec weor+dien,
weoroda wuldorcyning, +ta +tu geworhtes +ar hondum
+tinum.
<R 162>
+tu in heannissum wunast wideferh mid waldend f+ader.
<R 164>
Eala Ioseph min, Iacobes bearn, m+ag Dauides, m+aran cyninges,
nu +tu freode scealt f+aste ged+alan, al+atan 
lufan mine.
<R 167>
Ic lungre eam deope gedrefed, dome bereafod, for+don ic worn
for +te worde h+abbe sidra sorga ond sarcwida, 
hearmes gehyred, ond me hosp spreca+d, tornworda fela.
<R 172>
Ic tearas sceal 
<P 8>
geotan geomormod.
<R 173>
God ea+te m+ag geh+alan hygesorge heortan minre, afrefran
feasceaftne.
<R 175>
Eala f+amne geong, m+ag+d Maria.
<R 176>
Hw+at bemurnest +du, cleopast cearigende?
<R 177>
Ne ic culpan in +te, incan +anigne, +afre onfunde, womma
geworhtra, ond +tu +ta word spricest swa +tu sylfa 
sie synna gehwylcre firena gefylled.
<R 181>
Ic to fela h+abbe +t+as byrdscypes bealwa onfongen.
<R 183>
Hu m+ag ic ladigan la+tan spr+ace, o+t+te ondsware +anige
findan wra+tum towi+tere?
<R 185>
Is +t+at wide cu+d +t+at ic of +tam torhtan temple dryhtnes
onfeng freolice f+amnan cl+ane, womma lease, ond 
nu gehwyrfed is +turh nathwylces.
<R 189>
Me naw+ter deag, secge ne swige.
<R 190>
Gif ic so+d sprece, +tonne sceal Dauides dohtor sweltan,
stanum astyrfed.
<R 192>
Gen strengre is +t+at ic mor+tor hele; scyle manswara, la+t
leoda gehwam lifgan si+t+tan, fraco+d in folcum.
<R 195>
+ta seo f+amne onwrah ryhtgeryno, ond +tus reordade: So+d ic
secge +turh sunu meotudes, g+asta geocend, +t+at 
ic gen ne conn +turh gem+acscipe monnes ower, +anges on
eor+dan, ac me eaden wear+d, geongre in geardum, 
+t+at me Gabrihel, heofones heagengel, h+alo gebodade.
<R 203>
S+agde so+dlice +t+at me swegles g+ast leoman onlyhte, sceolde
ic lifes +trym geberan, beorhtne sunu, bearn 
eacen godes, torhtes [{tirfruman{] .
<R 206>
Nu ic his tempel eam gefremed butan facne, in me frofre g+ast
geeardode.
<R 208>
Nu +tu ealle forl+at sare sorgceare.
<R 209>
Saga ecne +tonc 
<P 9>
m+arum meotodes sunu +t+at ic his modor
gewear+d, f+amne for+d se+teah, ond +tu f+ader cweden
woruldcund bi wene; sceolde witedom in him sylfum beon so+de
gefylled.
<R 214>
Eala +tu so+da ond +tu sibsuma ealra cyninga cyning, Crist
+almihtig, hu +tu +ar w+are eallum geworden worulde 
+trymmum mid +tinne wuldorf+ader cild acenned +turh his
cr+aft ond meaht.
<R 219>
Nis +anig nu eorl under lyfte, secg searo+toncol, to +t+as
swi+de gleaw +te +t+at asecgan m+age sundbuendum,
areccan mid ryhte, hu +te rodera weard +at frym+de genom him
to freobearne.
<R 224>
+t+at w+as +tara +tinga +te her +teoda cynn [{gefrugnen{] mid
folcum +at fruman +arest geworden under wolcnum, 
+t+at witig god, lifes ordfruma, leoht ond +tystro ged+alde
dryhtlice, ond him w+as domes geweald, ond +ta 
wisan abead weoroda ealdor: Nu sie geworden for+t a to widan
feore leoht, lixende gefea, lifgendra
gehwam +te in cneorissum cende weor+den.
<R 233>
Ond +ta sona gelomp, +ta hit swa sceolde, leoma leohtade leoda
m+ag+tum, torht mid tunglum, +after +ton tida 
bigong.
<R 236>
Sylfa sette +t+at +tu sunu w+are efeneardigende mid +tinne
engan frean +ar+ton oht +tisses +afre gewurde.
<R 239>
+tu eart seo snyttro +te +tas sidan gesceaft mid +ti waldende
worhtes ealle.
<R 241>
For+ton nis +anig +t+as horsc, ne +t+as hygecr+aftig, +te +tin
fromcyn m+age fira bearnum sweotule gese+tan.
<R 243>
Cum, nu, sigores weard, meotod moncynnes, ond +tine [{miltse{]
her arf+ast ywe.
<R 245>
Us is eallum neod +t+at we +tin medrencynn motan cunnan,
<P 10>
ryhtgeryno, nu we areccan ne m+agon +t+at f+adrencynn 
fier owihte.
<R 249>
+tu +tisne middangeard milde geblissa +turh +dinne hercyme,
h+alende Crist, ond +ta gyldnan geatu, +te in 
geardagum ful longe +ar bilocen stodan, heofona heahfrea, hat
ontynan, ond usic +tonne gesece +turh +tin 
sylfes gong ea+dmod to eor+tan.
<R 255>
Us is +tinra arna +tearf.
<R 256>
Hafa+d se awyrgda wulf tostenced, deor d+adscua, dryhten, +tin
eowde, wide towrecene.
<R 258>
+t+at +du, waldend, +ar blode gebohtes, +t+at se bealofulla
hyne+d heardlice, ond him on h+aft nime+d ofer usse 
nioda lust.
<R 261>
For+ton we, nergend, +te bidda+d geornlice breostgehygdum
+t+at +tu hr+adlice helpe gefremme wergum wreccan, 
+t+at se wites bona in helle grund hean gedreose, ond +tin
hondgeweorc, h+ale+ta scyppend, mote arisan 
ond on ryht cuman to +tam upcundan +a+telan rice, +tonan us
+ar +turh synlust se swearta g+ast forteah ond 
fortylde, +t+at we, tires wone, a butan ende sculon erm+tu
dreogan, butan +tu usic +ton ofostlicor, ece 
dryhten, +at +tam leodscea+tan, lifgende god, helm alwihta,
hreddan wille.
<R 275>
Eala +tu m+ara middangeardes seo cl+aneste cwen ofer eor+tan
+tara +te gewurde to widan feore, hu +tec mid
ryhte ealle reordberend hata+d ond secga+d, h+ale+d geond
foldan, bli+te mode, +t+at +tu bryd sie +t+as selestan 
swegles bryttan.
<R 281>
Swylce +ta hyhstan on heofonum eac, 
<P 11>
Cristes +tegnas, cwe+ta+d
ond singa+d +t+at +tu sie hl+afdige halgum meahtum 
wuldorweorudes, ond [{worldcundra{] hada under heofonum,
ond helwara.
<R 287>
For+ton +tu +t+at ana ealra monna ge+tohtest +trymlice,
+tristhycgende, +t+at +tu +tinne m+ag+dhad meotude brohtes, 
sealdes butan synnum.
<R 290>
Nan swylc ne cwom +anig o+ter ofer ealle men, bryd beaga
hroden, +te +ta beorhtan lac to heofonhame hlutre 
mode si+t+tan sende.
<R 294>
For+don heht sigores fruma his heahbodan hider gefleogan of
his m+agen+trymme ond +te meahta sped snude
cy+dan, +t+at +tu sunu dryhtnes +turh cl+ane gebyrd cennan
sceolde monnum to miltse, ond +te, Maria, for+d
efne unwemme a [{gehealdan{] .
<R 300>
Eac we +t+at gefrugnon, +t+at gefyrn bi +te so+df+ast s+agde
sum wo+dbora in ealddagum, Esaias, +t+at he w+are 
gel+aded +t+at he lifes gesteald in +tam ecan ham eal
sceawode.
<R 306>
Wlat +ta swa [{wisf+ast{] witga geond +teodland o+t+t+at he
gestarode +t+ar gesta+telad w+as +a+telic ingong.
<R 308>
Eal w+as gebunden deoran since duru orm+ate, wundurclommum
bewri+ten.
<R 310>
Wende swi+de +t+at +anig elda +afre [{ne{] meahte swa
f+astlice forescyttelsas on ecnesse o [{inhebban{] , o+t+te 
+d+as ceasterhlides clustor onlucan, +ar him godes engel +turh
gl+adne ge+tonc +ta wisan onwrah ond +t+at word 
acw+a+d: Ic +te m+ag secgan +t+at so+d gewear+d +t+at +das
gyldnan gatu giet sume si+te 
<P 12>
god sylf wile g+astes
m+agne gef+alsian, f+ader +almihtig, ond +turh +ta f+astan
locu foldan neosan, ond hio +tonne +after him ece 
[{stonda+d{] simle singales swa beclysed +t+at n+anig o+ter,
nym+de nergend god, hy +afre ma eft onluce+d.
<R 326>
Nu +t+at is gefylled +t+at se froda +ta mid eagum +t+ar on
wlatade.
<R 328>
+tu eart +t+at wealldor, +turh +te waldend frea +ane on +tas
eor+dan ut si+dade, ond efne swa +tec gemette, meahtum 
gehrodene, cl+ane ond gecorene, Crist +almihtig.
<R 332>
Swa +de +after him engla +teoden eft unm+ale +alces +tinges
lio+tuc+agan bileac, lifes brytta.
<R 335>
Iowa us nu +ta are +te se engel +te, godes spelboda, Gabriel
brohte
<R 337>
Huru +t+as bidda+d burgsittende +t+at +du +ta frofre folcum
cy+de, +tinre sylfre sunu.
<R 339>
Si+t+tan we [{motan{] anmodlice ealle hyhtan, nu we on +t+at
bearn foran breostum staria+d.
<R 342>
Ge+tinga us nu +tristum wordum +t+at he us ne l+ate leng
owihte in +tisse dea+ddene gedwolan hyran, ac +t+at
he usic geferge in f+ader rice, +t+ar we sorglease si+t+tan
motan wunigan in wuldre mid weoroda god.
<R 348>
Eala +tu halga heofona dryhten, +tu mid f+ader +tinne gefyrn
w+are efenwesende in +tam +a+telan ham.
<R 351>
N+as +anig +ta giet engel geworden, ne +t+as miclan
m+agen+trymmes nan +de in roderum up rice biwitiga+d, +teodnes 
+try+dgesteald ond his +tegnunga, 
<P 13>
+ta +tu +arest w+are
mid +tone ecan frean sylf settende +tas sidan gesceaft, 
brade brytengrundas.
<R 357>
B+am inc is gem+ane heahg+ast hleof+ast.
<R 358>
We +te, h+alend Crist, +turh ea+dmedu ealle bidda+d +t+at +tu
gehyre h+afta stefne, +tinra [{nied+tiowa{] , nergende 
god, hu we sind geswencte +turh ure sylfra gewill.
<R 363>
Habba+d wr+acm+acgas wergan g+astas, hetlen helscea+ta, hearde
[{genyrwad{] , gebunden bealorapum.
<R 365>
Is seo bot gelong eall +at +te anum, ece dryhten.
<R 367>
Hreowcearigum help, +t+at +tin hidercyme afrefre feasceafte,
+teah we f+ah+to wi+d +tec +turh firena lust gefremed 
h+abben.
<R 370>
Ara nu onbehtum ond usse yrm+ta ge+tenc, hu [{we{]
tealtriga+d tydran mode, hwearfia+d heanlice.
<R 372>
Cym nu, h+ale+ta cyning, ne lata to lange.
<R 373>
Us is lissa +tearf, +t+at +tu us ahredde ond us h+alogiefe
so+df+ast sylle, +t+at we si+t+tan for+d +ta sellan +ting 
symle moten ge+teon on +teode, +tinne willan.
<R 378>
Eala seo wlitige, weor+dmynda full, heah ond halig, heofoncund
+trynes, brade geblissad geond brytenwongas 
+ta mid ryhte sculon reordberende, earme eor+dware ealle
m+agene hergan healice, nu us h+alend god 
w+arf+ast onwrah +t+at we hine witan moton.
<R 385>
For+ton hy, d+adhw+ate, dome geswi+dde, +t+at so+df+aste
seraphinnes cynn, uppe mid englum a bremende, una+treotendum 
+trymmum singa+d ful healice hludan stefne, f+agre
feor ond neah.
<R 390>
Habba+t folgo+ta 
<P 14>
cyst mid cyninge.
<R 391>
Him +t+at Crist forgeaf, +t+at hy motan his +atwiste eagum
brucan simle singales, swegle gehyrste, weor+dian 
waldend wide ond side, ond mid hyra fi+trum frean
+almihtges onsyne [{weardia+d{] , ecan dryhtnes, ond
ymb +teodenstol +tringa+d georne hwylc hyra nehst m+age ussum
nergende flihte lacan fri+dgeardum in.
<R 400>
Lofia+d leoflicne ond in leohte him +ta word cwe+ta+d, ond
wuldria+d +a+telne ordfruman ealra gesceafta: Halig 
eart +tu, halig, heahengla brego, so+d sigores frea,
simle +tu bist halig, dryhtna dryhten.
<R 405>
A +tin dom wuna+d eor+dlic mid +aldum in +alce tid wide
geweor+tad.
<R 407>
+tu eart weoroda god, for+ton +tu gefyldest foldan ond
rodoras, wigendra hleo, wuldres +tines, helm alwihta.
<R 410>
Sie +te in heannessum ece h+alo, ond in eor+tan lof, beorht
mid beornum.
<R 412>
+tu gebletsad leofa, +te in dryhtnes noman duge+tum cwome
heanum to hro+tre.
<R 414>
+te in heah+tum sie a butan ende ece herenis.
<R 416>
Eala hw+at, +t+at is wr+aclic wrixl in wera life, +t+atte
moncynnes milde scyppend onfeng +at f+amnan fl+asc
unwemme, ond sio weres friga [{wiht{] ne cu+te, ne +turh s+ad
ne cwom sigores agend monnes ofer moldan.
<R 421>
ac +t+at w+as ma cr+aft +tonne hit eor+dbuend ealle cu+tan
+turh geryne, hu he, rodera +trim, heofona heahfrea, 
helpe gefremede monna cynne +turh his modor hrif.
<R 426>
Ond swa for+dgongende folca nergend his forgifnesse gumum to
helpe 
<P 15>
d+ale+d dogra gehwam, dryhten weoroda.
<R 429>
For+ton we hine domhwate d+adum ond wordum hergen holdlice.
<R 430>
+t+at is healic r+ad monna gehwylcum +te gemynd hafa+d, +t+at
he symle oftost ond inlocast ond geornlicost
god weor+tige.
<R 434>
He him +t+are lisse lean forgilde+d, se gehalgoda h+alend
sylfa, efne in +tam e+dle +t+ar he +ar ne cwom, in
lifgendra londes wynne, +t+ar he ges+alig si+t+tan earda+d,
ealne widan feorh wuna+d butan ende.
<R 440>
Amen.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q OX/3 XX XX CHRI>
<N CHRIST>
<A CYNEWULF>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

<P 15>
[} [\II\] }]
<R 440>
Nu +du geornlice g+astgerynum, mon se m+ara, modcr+afte sec
+turh sefan snyttro, +t+at +tu so+d wite hu +t+at
geeode, +ta se +almihtiga acenned wear+d +turh cl+anne had,
si+t+tan he Marian, m+ag+da weolman, m+arre meowlan, 
mundheals geceas, +t+at +t+ar in hwitum hr+aglum gewerede
englas ne o+deowdun, +ta se +a+teling cwom, beorn 
in Betlem.
<R 449>
Bodan w+aron gearwe +ta +turh hleo+torcwide hyrdum cy+ddon,
s+agdon so+dne gefean, +t+atte sunu w+are in middangeard 
meotudes acenned, in Betleme.
<R 453>
Hw+a+tre in bocum ne cwi+d +t+at hy in hwitum +t+ar hr+aglum
o+dywden in +ta +a+telan tid, swa hie eft dydon +da
se brega m+ara to Bethania, +teoden +trymf+ast, his +tegna
gedryht gela+dade, leof weorud.
<R 458>
Hy +t+as lareowes on +tam wild+age word ne gehyrwdon, hyra
sincgiefan.
<R 460>
Sona w+aron gearwe, h+ale+d mid hlaford, to +t+are halgan
byrg, 
<P 16>
+t+ar him tacna fela tires brytta onwrah, 
wuldres helm, wordgerynum, +ar+ton up stige ancenned sunu,
efenece bearn, agnum f+ader, +t+as ymb feowertig 
+te he of foldan +ar from dea+de aras, dagena rimes.
<R 468>
H+afde +ta gefylled, swa +ar biforan sungon, witgena word
geond woruld innan +turh his +trowinga.
<R 470>
+tegnas heredon, lufedun leofwendum lifes agend, f+ader
frumsceafta.
<R 472>
He him f+agre +t+as leofum gesi+tum lean +after geaf, ond
+t+at word acw+a+d waldend engla, gefysed, frea mihtig, 
to f+ader rice: Gefeo+d ge on fer+d+de.
<R 476>
N+afre ic from hweorfe, ac ic lufan symle l+aste wi+d eowic,
ond eow meaht giefe ond mid wunige, awo to 
ealdre, +t+at eow +afre ne bi+d +turh gife mine godes
onsien.
<R 480>
Fara+d nu geond ealne yrmenne grund, geond widwegas, weoredum
cy+da+d, bodia+d ond brema+d beorhtne geleafan, 
ond fulwia+d folc under roderum.
<R 485>
Hweorfa+d to [{h+a+tnum{] , hergas breota+t, fylla+d ond
feoga+d, feondscype dw+asca+d, sibbe sawa+d on sefan manna 
+turh meahta sped.
<R 488>
Ic eow mid wunige, for+d on frofre, ond eow fri+de healde
streng+du sta+tolf+astre on stowa gehware.
<R 491>
+da wear+d semninga sweg on [{lyfte{] hlud gehyred.
<R 492>
Heofonengla +treat, weorud wlitescyne, wuldres aras, cwomun on
cor+dre.
<R 494>
Cyning ure gewat +turh +t+as temples hrof +t+ar hy to segun,
+ta +te leofes +ta gen last [{weardedun{] on +tam 
+tingstede, +tegnas gecorene.
<P 17>
<R 498>
Gesegon hi on heah+tu hlaford stigan, godbearn of grundum.
<R 499>
Him w+as geomor sefa hat +at heortan, hyge murnende, +t+as +te
hi swa leofne leng ne mostun geseon under
swegle.
<R 502>
Song ahofun aras ufancunde, +a+teling [{heredun{] , lofedun
liffruman, leohte gefegun +te of +t+as h+alendes 
heafelan lixte.
<R 506>
Gesegon hy +albeorhte englas twegen f+agre ymb +t+at frumbearn
fr+atwum blican, cyninga wuldor.
<R 508>
Cleopedon of heah+tu wordum wr+atlicum ofer wera mengu
beorhtan reorde: Hw+at bida+d ge, Galilesce guman 
on hwearfte?
<R 512>
Nu ge sweotule geseo+d so+dne dryhten on swegl faran; sigores
agend wile up heonan eard gestigan, +a+telinga 
ord, mid +tas engla gedryht, ealra folca fruma, f+ader
e+telstoll.
<R 517>
We mid +tyslice +treate willa+d ofer heofona gehlidu hlaford
fergan to +t+are beorhtan byrg mid +tas bli+dan 
[{gedryht{] , ealra sigebearna +t+at seleste ond +a+teleste,
+te ge her on staria+d ond in frofre geseo+d fr+atwum 
blican.
<R 523>
Wile eft swa +teah eor+dan m+ag+de sylfa gesecan side herge,
ond +tonne gedeman d+ada gehwylce +tara +de gefremedon 
folc under roderum.
<R 527>
+da w+as wuldres weard wolcnum [{bifongen{] , heahengla cyning,
ofer hrofas upp, haligra helm.
<R 529>
Hyht w+as geniwad, blis in burgum, +turh +t+as beornes cyme.
<R 531>
Ges+at sigehremig on +ta swi+tran hand ece eadfruma agnum
f+ader.
<R 533>
Gewitan him +ta gongan to Hierusalem 
<P 18>
h+ale+d hygerofe, in +ta
halgan burg, geomormode, +tonan hy god nyhst 
up stigende eagum segun, hyra wilgifan.
<R 537>
+t+ar w+as wopes hring, torne bitolden; w+as seo treowlufu hat
+at heortan, [{hre+der{] innan weoll, beorn breostsefa.
<R 540>
Bidon ealle +t+ar +tegnas +trymfulle +teodnes gehata in +t+are
torhtan byrig tyn niht +ta gen, swa him sylf
bibead swegles agend, +ar+ton up stige ealles waldend on
heofona gehyld.
<R 545>
Hwite cwoman eorla eadgiefan englas togeanes.
<R 547>
+d+at is wel cweden, swa gewritu secga+d, +t+at him albeorhte
englas togeanes in +ta halgan tid heapum cwoman, 
sigan on swegle.
<R 550>
+ta w+as symbla m+ast geworden in wuldre.
<R 551>
Wel +t+at gedafena+d +t+at to +t+are blisse, beorhte gewerede,
in +t+as +teodnes burg +tegnas cwoman, weorud wlitescyne.
<R 554>
Gesegon wilcuman on heahsetle heofones waldend, folca
feorhgiefan, fr+atwum ealles waldend middangeardes 
ond m+agen+trymmes.
<R 558>
Hafa+d nu se halga helle bireafod ealles +t+as gafoles +te hi
geardagum in +t+at orlege unryhte swealg.
<R 561>
Nu sind forcumene ond in cwicsusle gehynde ond geh+afte, in
helle grund dugu+tum bid+aled, deofla cempan.
<R 564>
Ne meahtan wi+terbrogan wige spowan, w+apna wyrpum, si+t+tan
wuldres cyning, heofonrices helm, hilde gefremede 
wi+t his ealdfeondum anes meahtum, +t+ar he of h+afte
ahlod hu+ta m+aste 
<P 19>
of feonda byrig, folces 
unrim, +tisne ilcan +treat +te ge her on staria+d.
<R 571>
Wile nu gesecan sawla nergend g+asta giefstol, godes agen
bearn, +after gu+dplegan.
<R 573>
Nu ge geare cunnon hw+at se hlaford is se +tisne here l+ade+d,
nu ge fromlice freondum togeanes gonga+d gl+admode.
<R 576>
Geatu, ontyna+d.
<R 577>
Wile in to eow ealles waldend, cyning on ceastre, cor+dre ne
lytle, fyrnweorca fruma, folc gel+adan in 
dreama dream, +de he on deoflum genom +turh his sylfes
sygor.
<R 581>
Sib sceal gem+ane englum ond +aldum a for+d heonan wesan
wideferh.
<R 582>
W+ar is +atsomne godes ond monna, g+asthalig treow, lufu,
lifes hyht, ond ealles leohtes gefea.
<R 586>
Hw+at, we nu gehyrdan hu +t+at h+alubearn +turh his hydercyme
hals eft forgeaf, gefreode ond gefreo+tade 
folc under wolcnum, m+are meotudes sunu, +t+at nu monna
gehwylc cwic +tendan her [{wuna+d{] , geceosan mot swa 
helle hien+tu swa heofones m+ar+tu, swa +t+at leohte leoht
swa +da la+tan niht, swa +trymmes +tr+ace swa +tystra 
wr+ace, swa mid dryhten dream swa mid deoflum hream, swa
wite mid wra+tum swa wuldor mid arum, 
swa lif swa dea+d, swa him leofre bi+d to gefremmanne, +tenden
fl+asc ond g+ast wunia+d in worulde.
<R 598>
Wuldor +t+as age +trynysse +trym, +tonc butan ende.
<R 600>
+d+at is +t+as wyr+de +t+atte wer+teode secgen dryhtne +tonc
dugu+da gehwylcre +te us si+d ond +ar simle gefremede 
+turh monigfealdra m+agna geryno.
<R 604>
He us +at giefe+d ond +ahta sped, welan ofer widlond, ond
weder li+te 
<P 20>
under swegles hleo.
<R 606>
Sunne ond mona, +a+telast tungla eallum scina+d,
heofoncondelle, h+ale+tum on eor+dan.
<R 609>
Dreose+d deaw ond ren, dugu+de wecca+t to feorhnere fira
cynne, ieca+d eor+dwelan.
<R 611>
+t+as we ealles sculon secgan +tonc ond lof +teodne ussum, ond
huru +t+are h+alo +te he us to hyhte forgeaf, 
+da he +ta yrmp+du eft oncyrde +at [{his{] upstige +te we
+ar drugon, ond ge+tingade +teodbuendum wi+d f+ader 
sw+asne f+ah+ta m+aste, cyning anboren.
<R 618>
Cwide eft onhwearf saulum to sibbe, se +te +ar sungen [{w+as{]
+turh yrne hyge +aldum to sorge: Ic +tec ofer
eor+dan geworhte, on +t+are +tu scealt yrm+tum lifgan, wunian
in gewinne ond wr+ace dreogan, feondum to 
hro+tor fusleo+d galan, ond to +t+are ilcan scealt eft
geweor+tan, wyrmum aweallen, +tonan wites fyr of +t+are 
eor+dan scealt eft gesecan.
<R 627>
Hw+at, us +tis se +a+teling y+dre gefremede +ta he leomum
onfeng ond lichoman, monnes magutudre.
<R 629>
Si+t+tan meotodes sunu engla e+tel up gestigan wolde, weoroda
god, us se willa bicwom heanum to helpe 
on +ta halgan tid.
<R 633>
Bi +ton giedd awr+ac Iob, swa he cu+de, herede helm wera,
h+alend lofede, ond mid siblufan sunu waldendes 
freonoman cende, ond hine fugel nemde, +tone Iudeas
ongietan ne meahtan in +d+are godcundan g+astes streng+du.
<R 639>
W+as +t+as fugles flyht feondum on eor+tan dyrne ond degol,
+tam +te deorc gewit 
<P 21>
h+afdon on hre+tre, heortan st+anne.
<R 642>
Noldan hi +ta torhtan tacen oncnawan +te him beforan fremede
freobearn godes, monig [{mislicu{] , geond middangeard.
<R 645>
Swa se f+ala fugel flyges cunnode; hwilum engla eard up
gesohte, modig meahtum strang, +tone maran ham, 
hwilum he to eor+tan eft gestylde, +turh g+astes giefe
grundsceat sohte, wende to worulde.
<R 650>
Bi +ton se witga song: He w+as upp hafen engla f+a+dmum in his
+ta miclan meahta spede, heah ond halig, 
ofer heofona +trym.
<R 654>
Ne meahtan +ta +t+as fugles flyht gecnawan +te +t+as upstiges
onds+ac fremedon, ond +t+at ne gelyfdon, +t+atte
liffruma in monnes hiw ofer m+agna +trym, halig from hrusan,
ahafen wurde.
<R 659>
+da us geweor+dade se +tas world gescop, godes g+astsunu, ond
us giefe sealde, uppe mid englum ece sta+telas, 
ond eac monigfealde modes snyttru seow ond sette geond
sefan monna.
<R 664>
Sumum wordla+te wise sende+d on his modes gemynd +turh his
mu+tes g+ast, +a+dele ondgiet.
<R 666>
Se m+ag eal fela singan ond secgan +tam bi+d snyttru cr+aft
bifolen on fer+de
<R 668>
Sum m+ag fingrum wel hlude fore h+ale+tum hearpan stirgan,
gleobeam gretan.
<R 670>
Sum m+ag godcunde reccan ryhte +a.
<R 671>
Sum m+ag ryne tungla secgan, side gesceaft.
<R 672>
Sum m+ag searolice wordcwide writan.
<R 673>
Sumum wiges sped giefe+d +at gu+te, +tonne gargetrum ofer
scildhreadan sceotend senda+d, flacor flangeweorc.
<R 676>
Sum m+ag fromlice 
<P 22>
ofer sealtne s+a sundwudu drifan, hreran
holm+tr+ace.
<R 678>
Sum m+ag heanne beam st+algne gestigan.
<R 679>
Sum m+ag styled sweord, w+apen gewyrcan.
<R 680>
Sum con wonga bigong, wegas widgielle.
<R 681>
Swa se waldend us, godbearn on grundum, his giefe brytta+d.
<R 683>
Nyle he +angum anum ealle gesyllan g+astes snyttru, +ty l+as
him gielp sce+t+te +turh his anes cr+aft ofer o+tre for+d.
<R 686>
+dus god meahtig geofum unhneawum, cyning alwihta, cr+aftum
weor+da+t eor+tan tuddor; swylce eadgum bl+ad
sele+d on swegle, sibbe r+are+t ece to ealdre engla ond
monna; swa he his weorc weor+ta+d.
<R 691>
Bi +ton se witga cw+a+d +t+at ah+afen w+aren halge gimmas,
h+adre heofontungol, healice upp, sunne ond mona.
<R 694>
Hw+at sindan +ta gimmas swa scyne buton god sylfa?
<R 696>
He is se so+df+asta sunnan leoma, englum ond eor+dwarum
+a+tele scima.
<R 698>
Ofer middangeard mona [{lixe+d{] , g+astlic tungol, swa seo
godes circe +turh gesomninga so+des ond ryhtes beorhte blice+d.
<R 701>
Swa hit on bocum cwi+t, si+t+tan of grundum godbearn astag,
cyning cl+anra gehw+as, +ta seo circe her +afyllendra 
eahtnysse bad under h+a+tenra hyrda gewealdum.
<R 706>
+t+ar +da synscea+dan so+tes ne giemdon, g+astes +tearfe, ac
hi godes tempel br+acan ond b+arndon, blodgyte 
worhtan, feodan ond fyldon.
<R 709>
Hw+a+tre for+d bicwom +turh g+astes giefe godes +tegna
[{bl+ad{] +after upstige ecan dryhtnes.
<R 712>
Bi +ton Salomon song, sunu Daui+tes, 
<P 23>
giedda gearosnottor
g+astgerynum, waldend wer+teoda, ond +t+at word 
acw+a+d: Cu+d +t+at geweor+de+d, +t+atte cyning engla, meotud
meahtum swi+d, munt gestylle+d, gehleape+d hea dune, 
hyllas ond cnollas bewri+d mid his wuldre, woruld alyse+d,
ealle eor+dbuend, +turh +tone +a+telan styll.
<R 720>
W+as se forma hlyp +ta he on f+amnan astag, m+age+d unm+ale,
ond +t+ar mennisc hiw onfeng butan firenum +t+at
to frofre gewear+d eallum eor+dwarum.
<R 722>
W+as se o+ter stiell bearnes gebyrda, +ta he in binne w+as in
cildes hiw cla+tum bewunden, ealra +trymma +trym.
<R 726>
W+as se +tridda hlyp, rodorcyninges r+as, +ta he on rode
astag, f+ader, frofre g+ast.
<R 728>
W+as se feor+da stiell in byrgenne, +ta he +tone beam ofgeaf,
fold+arne f+ast.
<R 730>
W+as se fifta hlyp +ta he [{hellwarena{] heap forbygde in
cwicsusle, cyning inne gebond, feonda foresprecan, 
fyrnum teagum, gromhydigne, +t+ar he gen lige+d in
carcerne clommum gef+astnad, synnum ges+aled.
<R 736>
W+as se siexta hlyp, haliges hyhtplega, +ta he to heofonum
astag on his ealdcy+d+de.
<R 738>
+ta w+as engla +treat on +ta halgan tid hleahtre bli+te wynnum
geworden.
<R 740>
Gesawan wuldres +trym, +a+telinga ord, e+dles neosan, beorhtra
bolda.
<R 742>
+ta wear+d burgwarum eadgum ece gefea +a+telinges plega.
<R 744>
+tus her on grundum godes ece bearn ofer heahhleo+tu hlypum
stylde, modig +after muntum.
<R 746>
Swa we men sculon heortan gehygdum hlypum styllan of m+agne in
m+agen, m+ar+tum tilgan 
<P 24>
+t+at we to +tam hyhstan 
hrofe gestigan halgum weorcum, +t+ar is hyht ond blis,
ge+tungen +tegnweorud.
<R 751>
Is us +tearf micel +t+at we mid heortan h+alo secen, +t+ar we
mid g+aste georne gelyfa+d +t+at +t+at h+alobearn 
heonan up stige mid usse lichoman, lifgende god.
<R 756>
For+ton we a sculon idle lustas, synwunde forseon, ond +t+as
sellran gefeon.
<R 758>
Habba+d we us to frofre f+ader on roderum +almeahtigne.
<R 759>
He his aras +tonan, halig of heah+du, hider onsende+d, +ta us
gescilda+t wi+d sce+t+tendra [{eglum{] earhfarum, 
+ti l+as unholdan wunde gewyrcen, +tonne wrohtbora in folc
godes for+d onsende+d of his br+agdbogan biterne str+al.
<R 766>
For+ton we f+aste sculon wi+d +tam f+arscyte symle w+arlice
wearde healdan, +ty l+as se attres ord in gebuge, 
biter bordgelac, under banlocan, feonda f+arsearo.
<R 770>
+t+at bi+d frecne wund, blatast benna.
<R 771>
Utan us beorgan +ta, +tenden we on eor+dan eard [{weardien{] ;
utan us to f+ader freo+ta wilnian, biddan bearn 
godes ond +tone bli+dan g+ast +t+at he us gescilde wi+d
scea+tan w+apnum, la+tra lygesearwum, se us lif forgeaf, 
leomu, lic ond g+ast.
<R 777>
Si him lof symle +turh woruld worulda, wuldor on heofnum.
<R 779>
Ne +tearf him ondr+adan deofla str+alas +anig on eor+dan +alda
cynnes, gromra garfare, gif hine god scilde+t, 
dugu+da dryhten.
<R 782>
Is +tam dome neah +t+at we gelice sceolon leanum hleotan, 
<P 25>
swa we widefeorh weorcum hlodun geond sidne grund.
<R 785>
Us secga+d bec hu +at +arestan eadmod astag in middangeard
m+agna goldhord, in f+amnan f+a+dm freobearn godes, 
halig of heah+tu.
<R 789>
Huru ic wene me ond eac ondr+ade dom [{+dy re+tran{] ,
+donne eft cyme+d engla +teoden, +te ic ne heold teala
+t+at me h+alend min on bocum bibead.
<R 793>
Ic +t+as brogan sceal geseon synwr+ace, +t+at +te ic so+d
talge, +t+ar monig beo+d on gemot [{l+aded{] fore onsyne 
eces deman.
<R 797>
+tonne (}C}) cwaca+d, gehyre+d cyning m+a+dlan, rodera
ryhtend, sprecan re+te word +tam +te him +ar in worulde 
wace hyrdon, +tendan (}Y}) ond (}N}) y+tast meahtan frofre
findan.
<R 801>
+t+ar sceal forht monig on +tam wongstede werig bidan hw+at
him +after d+adum deman wille wra+tra wita.
<R 804>
Bi+t se (}W}) sc+acen eor+tan fr+atwa.
<R 805>
(}U}) w+as longe (}L}) flodum bilocen, lifwynna d+al, (}F}) on
foldan.
<R 807>
+tonne fr+atwe sculon byrnan on b+ale; blac rasette+d recen
reada leg, re+te scri+te+d geond woruld wide.
<R 810>
Wongas hreosa+d, burgstede bersta+d.
<R 811>
Brond bi+d on tyhte, +ale+d ealdgestreon unmurnlice, g+asta
gifrast, +t+at geo guman heoldan, +tenden him 
on eor+tan onmedla w+as.
<R 815>
For+ton ic leofra gehwone l+aran wille +t+at he ne ag+ale
g+astes +tearfe, ne on gylp geote, +tenden god wille 
+t+at he her in worulde wunian mote, somed si+tian sawel
in lice, in +tam g+asthofe.
<R 820>
Scyle gumena gehwylc 
<P 26>
on his geardagum georne bi+tencan +t+at
us milde bicwom meahta waldend +at +arestan
+turh +t+as engles word.
<R 824>
Bi+d nu eorneste +tonne eft cyme+d, re+de ond ryhtwis.
<R 825>
Rodor bi+d onhrered, ond +tas miclan gemetu middangeardes
[{beofia+d{] +tonne.
<R 827>
Beorht cyning leana+d +t+as +te hy on eor+tan eargum d+adum
lifdon leahtrum fa.
<R 829>
+t+as hi longe sculon fer+dwerige onfon in fyrba+de, w+almum
biwrecene, wra+tlic ondlean, +tonne m+agna cyning 
on gemot cyme+d, +trymma m+aste.
<R 833>
+teodegsa bi+d hlud gehyred bi heofonwoman, cwaniendra cirm,
cerge reota+d fore onsyne eces deman, +ta 
+te hyra weorcum wace truwia+d.
<R 838>
+d+ar bi+t o+dywed egsa mara +tonne from frumgesceape
gefr+agen wurde +afre on eor+dan.
<R 840>
+t+ar bi+d +aghwylcum synwyrcendra on +ta snudan tid leofra
micle +tonne eall +teos l+ane gesceaft, +t+ar he 
hine sylfne on +tam sige+treate behydan m+age, +tonne herga
fruma, +a+telinga ord, eallum deme+d, leofum ge 
la+dum, lean +after ryhte, +teoda gehwylcre.
<R 847>
Is us +tearf micel +t+at we g+astes wlite +ar +tam gryrebrogan
on +tas g+asnan tid georne bi+tencen.
<R 850>
Nu is +ton gelicost swa we on laguflode ofer cald w+ater
ceolum li+dan geond sidne s+a, sundhengestum, 
flodwudu fergen.
<R 853>
Is +t+at frecne stream y+da oferm+ata +te we her on laca+d
geond +tas wacan woruld, windge holmas ofer deop gelad.
<R 856>
W+as se drohta+d strong 
<P 27>
+ar+ton we to londe geliden h+afdon
ofer hreone hrycg.
<R 858>
+ta us help bicwom, +t+at us to h+alo hy+te gel+adde, godes
g+astsunu, ond us giefe sealde +t+at we oncnawan
magun ofer ceoles bord hw+ar we s+alan sceolon sundhengestas,
ealde y+dmearas, ancrum f+aste.
<R 864>
Utan us to +t+are hy+de hyht sta+telian, +da us gerymde rodera
waldend, halge on heah+tu, +ta he heofonum astag.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<Q OX/3 XX XX CHRI>
<N CHRIST>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

<P 27>
[} [\III\] }]
<R 867>
+donne mid fere foldbuende se micla d+ag meahtan dryhtnes +at
midre niht m+agne bihl+ame+d, scire gesceafte, 
swa oft scea+da f+acne, +teof +tristlice, +te on +tystre
fare+d, on sweartre niht, sorglease h+ale+d semninga 
forfeh+d sl+ape gebundne, eorlas ungearwe yfles
gen+age+d.
<R 875>
Swa on Syne beorg somod up cyme+d m+agenfolc micel, meotude
getrywe, beorht ond bli+te.
<R 877>
Him weor+te+d bl+ad gifen.
<R 878>
+tonne from feowerum foldan sceatum, +tam ytemestum eor+tan
rices, englas +albeorhte on efen blawa+d byman on brehtme.
<R 881>
Beofa+d middangeard, hruse under h+ale+tum.
<R 882>
Hlyda+d tosomne, trume ond torhte, wi+d tungla gong, singa+d
ond swinsia+t su+tan ond nor+tan, eastan ond
westan, ofer [{ealle{] gesceaft.
<R 886>
Wecca+d of dea+de dryhtgumena bearn, eall monna cynn, to
meotudsceafte egeslic of +t+are ealdan moldan,
hata+d hy upp astandan sneome of sl+ape +ty f+astan.
<R 889>
+t+ar mon m+ag sorgende folc gehyran hygegeomor, hearde
gefysed, cearum cwi+tende cwicra gewyrhtu, 
<P 28>
forhte af+arde.
<R 892>
+t+at bi+d foretacna m+ast +tara +te +ar o+t+te si+d +afre
gewurde monnum o+tywed, +t+ar gemengde beo+d onh+alo gelac 
engla ond deofla, beorhtra ond blacra.
<R 896>
Weor+te+d bega cyme, hwitra ond sweartra, swa him is ham
sceapen ungelice, englum ond deoflum.
<R 899>
+tonne semninga on Syne beorg su+taneastan sunnan leoma cyme+d
of scyppende scynan leohtor +tonne hit men 
m+agen modum ahycgan, beorhte blican, +tonne bearn godes
+turh heofona gehleodu hider o+dywe+d.
<R 905>
Cyme+d wundorlic Cristes onsyn, +a+telcyninges wlite, eastan
fram roderum, on sefan swete sinum folce,
biter bealofullum, gebleod wundrum, eadgum ond earmum
ungelice.
<R 910>
he bi+d +tam godum gl+admod on gesih+te, wlitig, wynsumlic,
weorude +tam halgan, on gefean f+ager, freond
ond leoft+al, lufsum ond li+te leofum monnum to sceawianne
+tone scynan wlite, we+dne mid willum, waldendes 
cyme, m+agencyninges, +tam +te him on mode +ar wordum
ond weorcum wel gecwemdun.
<R 918>
He bi+d +tam yflum egeslic ond grimlic to geseonne, synnegum
monnum, +tam +t+ar mid firenum cuma+d, for+d forworhte.
<R 921>
+t+at m+ag wites to wearninga +tam +te hafa+d wisne ge+toht,
+t+at se him eallunga owiht ne ondr+ade+d, se for
+d+are onsyne egsan ne weor+te+d forht on fer+de, +tonne he
frean gesih+d ealra gesceafta ondweardne faran 
mid m+agenwundrum mongum to +tinge, ond him on healfa
[{gehwone{] heofonengla +treat 
<P 29>
ymbutan fara+d, +albeorhtra 
scolu, hergas haligra, heapum geneahhe.
<R 930>
Dyne+d deop gesceaft, ond fore dryhtne f+are+d w+almfyra m+ast
ofer widne grund.
<R 932>
Hlemme+d hata leg, heofonas bersta+d, trume ond torhte, tungol
ofhreosa+d.
<R 934>
+donne weor+te+d sunne sweart gewended on blodes hiw, seo +de
beorhte scan ofer +arworuld +alda bearnum; 
mona +t+at sylfe, +te +ar moncynne nihtes lyhte, ni+ter
gehreose+d ond steorran swa some streda+d of heofone, 
+turh +da strongan lyft stormum abeatne.
<R 941>
Wile +almihtig mid his engla gedryht, m+agencyninga meotod, on
gemot cuman, +trymf+ast +teoden.
<R 943>
Bi+d +t+ar his +tegna eac hre+teadig heap.
<R 944>
Halge sawle mid hyra frean fara+d, +tonne folca weard +turh
egsan +trea eor+dan m+ag+de sylfa gesece+d.
<R 947>
Weor+te+d geond sidne grund hlud gehyred heofonbyman stefn,
ond on seofon healfa swoga+d windas, blawa+d 
brecende bearhtma m+aste, wecca+d ond wonia+d woruld mid
storme, fylla+d mid [{fere{] foldan gesceafte.
<R 953>
+donne heard gebrec, hlud, unm+ate, swar ond swi+dlic,
swegdynna m+ast, +aldum egeslic, eawed weor+te+d.
<R 956>
+t+ar m+agen werge monna cynnes wornum hweorfa+d on widne leg,
+ta +t+ar cwice mete+d cwelmende fyr, sume up, 
sume ni+ter, +aldes fulle.
<R 960>
+tonne bi+d untweo +t+at +t+ar Adames cyn, cearena full,
cwi+te+d [{gesargad{] , nales fore lytlum, leode geomre, 
ac fore +tam m+astan m+agenearfe+tum, 
<P 30>
+donne eall +treo on
efen nime+d won fyres w+alm wide tosomne, se
swearta lig, s+as mid hyra fiscum, eor+tan mid hire beorgum,
ond upheofon torhtne mid his tunglum.
<R 968>
Teonleg somod +try+tum b+arne+d +treo eal on an grimme
tog+adre.
<R 970>
Grorna+d gesargad eal middangeard on +ta m+aran tid.
<R 972>
Swa se gifra g+ast grundas geondsece+d; hi+tende leg
heahgetimbro fylle+d on foldwong fyres egsan, widm+are 
bl+ast woruld mid ealle, hat, heorogifre.
<R 976>
Hreosa+d geneahhe tobrocene burgweallas.
<R 977>
Beorgas gemelta+d ond heahcleofu, [{+ta{] wi+d holme +ar
f+aste wi+d flodum foldan [{sceldun{] , sti+d ond st+a+df+ast, 
sta+telas wi+d w+age, w+atre windendum.
<R 981>
+tonne wihta gehwylce, deora ond fugla, dea+dleg nime+d,
f+are+d +after foldan fyrswearta leg, weallende wiga.
<R 984>
Swa +ar w+ater fleowan, flodas afysde, +tonne on fyrba+de
swela+d s+afiscas; sundes getw+afde w+agdeora gehwylc 
werig swelte+d, byrne+t w+ater swa weax.
<R 988>
+t+ar bi+d wundra ma +tonne hit +anig on mode m+age a+tencan,
hu +t+at gestun ond se storm ond seo stronge lyft 
breca+d brade gesceaft.
<R 991>
Beornas greta+d, wepa+d wanende wergum stefnum, heane,
hygegeomre, hreowum gedreahte.
<R 994>
Seo+te+d swearta leg synne on fordonum, ond goldfr+atwe gleda
forswelga+d, eall +argestreon e+telcyninga.
<R 997>
+d+ar bi+d cirm ond cearu, ond cwicra gewin, gehreow ond hlud
wop bi heofonwoman, earmlic +alda gedreag.
<R 999>
+tonan +anig ne m+ag, 
<P 31>
firend+adum fah, fri+d gewinnan,
legbryne losian londes ower, ac +t+at fyr nime+d +turh 
foldan gehw+at, gr+afe+d grimlice, georne asece+d innan ond
utan eor+dan sceatas, o+t+t+at eall hafa+d +aldes 
leoma woruldwidles wom w+alme forb+arned
<R 1007>
+donne mihtig god on +tone m+aran beorg mid +ty m+astan
m+agen+trymme cyme+d, heofonengla cyning, halig scine+d, 
wuldorlic ofer weredum, waldende god, ond hine ymbutan
+a+teldugu+d betast, halge herefe+dan, hlutre 
blica+d, eadig engla gedryht.
<R 1013>
Inge+toncum forhte beofia+d fore f+ader egsan.
<R 1015>
For+ton nis +anig wundor hu him woruldmonna seo uncl+ane
gecynd, cearum sorgende, hearde ondrede, +donne 
sio halge gecynd, hwit ond heofonbeorht, heagengla m+agen,
for +d+are onsyne beo+d egsan afyrhte, bida+d 
beofiende beorhte gesceafte dryhtnes domes.
<R 1021>
Daga egeslicast weor+te+d in worulde, +tonne wuldorcyning
+turh +trym +trea+d +teoda gehwylce, hate+d arisan
reordberende of foldgrafum, folc anra gehwylc, cuman to
gemote moncynnes gehwone.
<R 1027>
+tonne eall hra+de Adames cynn onfeh+d fl+asce, weor+te+d
foldr+aste eardes +at ende.
<R 1029>
Sceal +tonne anra gehwylc fore Cristes cyme cwic arisan,
leo+dum onfon ond lichoman, edgeong wesan.
<R 1032>
Hafa+d eall on him +t+as +te he on foldan in fyrndagum, godes
o+t+te gales, on his g+aste gehlod, geara gongum, 
hafa+d +atg+adre bu, lic ond sawle.
<R 1036>
Sceal on leoht cuman sinra weorca wlite ond worda gemynd 
<P 32>
ond
heortan gehygd fore heofona cyning.
<R 1039>
+donne bi+t geyced ond geedniwad moncyn +turh meotud.
<R 1040>
Micel arise+d dryhtfolc to dome, si+t+tan dea+tes bend
tolese+d [{liffruma{] .
<R 1042>
Lyft bi+d onb+arned, hreosa+d heofonsteorran, hy+ta+d wide
gifre glede, g+astas hweorfa+d on ecne eard.
<R 1045>
Opene weor+ta+d ofer middangeard monna d+ade.
<R 1047>
Ne magun hord [{weras{] , heortan ge+tohtas, fore waldende
wihte bemi+tan.
<R 1049>
Ne sindon him d+ada dyrne, ac +t+ar bi+d dryhtne cu+d on +tam
miclan d+age, hu monna gehwylc +ar earnode eces 
lifes, ond eall ondweard +t+at hi +ar o+t+te si+d worhtun
in worulde.
<R 1053>
Ne bi+d +t+ar wiht forholen monna gehygda, ac se m+ara d+ag
hre+terlocena hord, heortan ge+tohtas, ealle +atywe+d.
<R 1056>
+ar sceal ge+tencan g+astes +tearfe, se +te gode mynte+d
bringan beorhtne wlite, +tonne bryne costa+d, hat,
heorugifre, hu gehealdne sind sawle wi+d synnum fore
sigedeman.
<R 1061>
+donne sio byman stefen ond se beorhta segn, ond +t+at hate
fyr ond seo hea dugu+d, ond se engla +trym ond 
se egsan +trea, ond se hearda d+ag ond seo hea rod, ryht
ar+ared rices to beacne, folcdryht wera biforan 
bonna+d, sawla gehwylce +tara +te si+d o+t+te +ar on
lichoman leo+tum onfengen.
<R 1069>
+donne weoroda m+ast fore waldende, ece ond edgeong, ondweard
g+a+d neode ond nyde, bi noman gehatne, bera+d 
breosta hord fore bearn godes, feores fr+atwe.
<R 1073>
Wile f+ader eahtan 
<P 33>
hu gesunde suna sawle bringen of +tam e+dle
+te hi on lifdon.
<R 1076>
+donne beo+d bealde +ta +te beorhtne wlite meotude bringa+d.
<R 1077>
Bi+d hyra meaht ond gefea swi+de ges+aliglic sawlum to gielde, 
wuldorlean weorca. 
<R 1079>
Wel is +tam +te [{motun{] on +ta grimman tid gode lician.



<B COKENTIS>
<Q OX/3 XX XX KHYMN>
<N KENTISH HYMN>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/K>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE KENTISH HYMN.
THE ANGLO-SAXON MINOR POEMS.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, VI.
ED. E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1942.
PP. 87.1 - 88.43

TEXT:  THE KENTISH PSALM.
Idem.
PP. 88.1 - 94.157^]

[^A25^]
<P 87>
[} [\THE KENTISH HYMN\] }]
<R 1>
Wuton wuldrian weorada dryhten halgan hlio+dorcwidum,
hiofenrices weard, lufian liofwendum, lif+es agend, 
and him simle sio sigef+est wuldor  uppe mid [{+anglum{] ,
and on eor+dan sibb gumena gehwilcum goodes willan.
<R 7>
We +de heria+d halgum stefnum and +te bl+atsia+d, [{bilewit{]
f+eder, and +de +tancia+d, +tioda walden, +dines weor+dlican 
wuldordreames and [{+dinra{] miclan m+agena gerena,
+de +du, god dryhten, gastes m+ahtum hafest on
gewealdum hiofen and eor+dan, an ece f+eder, +almehtig god.
<R 15>
+du eart cyninga cyningc cwicera gehwilces, +du eart sigefest
sunu and so+d h+elend ofer ealle gesc+eft angla and manna.
<R 18>
+du, dryhten god, on dreamum wunast on +d+are upplican
+a+delan ceastre, frea folca gehw+as, swa +du +at fruman 
w+are efeneadig bearn agenum f+ader.
<R 22>
+du eart heofenlic lioht and +d+at halige lamb, +de [{+du{]
manscilde middangeardes for +tinre arf+estnesse ealle towurpe,
fiond gefl+amdest, follc generedes blode
gebohtest bearn [{Israela{] , 
<P 88>
+da +du ahofe +durh +d+at 
halige triow +dinre +drowunga +driostre senna, +t+at +du on
h+aahsetle heafena rices sitest sigehr+amig on 
+da swi+dran hand +dinum godf+ader, gasta gemyndig.
<R 32>
Mildsa nu, meahtig, manna cynne, and of leahtrum ales +dine
+da liofan gesc+eft, and us hale gedo, hele+da 
sceppend, ni+da nergend, for +dines naman are.
<R 36>
+du eart so+dlice simle halig, and +du eart ana +ace dryhten,
and +du ana bist eallra dema cwucra ge deadra, 
Crist [{nergende{] , for+dan +du on +drymme ricsast and on
+drinesse and on annesse, ealles waldend, hiofena 
heahcyninc, haliges gastes fegere gefelled in f+ader
wuldre.

<Q OX/3 XX XX KPS>
<N KENTISH PSALM>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/K>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A26^]
<P 88>
[} [\PSALM 50\] }]
<R 1>
Dauid w+as haten diormod h+al+d, Israela br+ega, +a+del+a and
rice, cyninga cynost, Criste liofost.
<R 4>
W+as he under hiofenum hearpera m+arost +dara we an folcum
gefrigen h+abben.
<R 6>
Sangere he w+as so+df+astest, swi+de ge+dancol to +dingienne
+tiodum sinum wi+d +tane mildostan manna sceppend.
<R 9>
W+as se dryhtnes +diowa Dauid +at wige so+d sigecempa,
searocyne man, 
<P 89>
casere creaftig, +tonne cumbulgebrec on gewinndagum weor+dan
scoldan.
<R 13>
Hw+e+dere him geiode, swa ful oft gede+d +t+atte godferhte gylt
gefr+amma+d +turh lichaman lene ge+dohtas.
<R 16>
Gelamp +t+at him mon ansende saula neriend, witgan mid wordum,
weorada (\dominus\) , and secgan het, selfum 
gecy+dan ymb his womdeda waldendes doom, +t+at se fruma
w+are his feores sceldig, for +dam +te he Uriam
het aldre beneman, fromne ferdrinc fere beserode, and him
Bezabe brohte to wife for gitsunga, +te he 
godes eorre +turh his selfes weorc sona anfunde.
<R 26>
Him +da +dingode +tioda aldor, Dauid georne, and to dryhtne
geb+ad, and his synna hord selfa ontende, gyltas 
georne gode andhette, weoruda dryhtne, and +dus wordum
sp+ac: Miltsa +du me, meahta walden, nu +du 
wast manna ge+dohtas, help +du, h+alend min, handgeweorces
+tines anes, +almehtig god, efter +tinre [{+d+are{] 
miclan [{mildhiortnesse{] .
<R 35>
Ond eac efter menio miltsa +dinra, dryhten weoruda, adilga min
unriht to forgefenesse gaste minum.
<P 90>
<R 38>
A+dweah me of sennum, saule fram wammum, gasta sceppend,
geltas geclansa, +ta +de ic on aldre +afre gefremede 
+durh lichaman le+dre ge+dohtas.
<R 42>
For+dan ic unriht min eal [{oncnawe{] , and eac synna gehw+ar
selfum +at eagan, firendeda ge+drec beforan stande+d, 
scelda scina+d; forgef me, sceppen min, lifes
liohtfruma, +dinre lufan blisse.
<R 47>
Nu ic anum +de oft syngode, and yfela feola eac gefr+amede,
gelta gramhegdig, ic +de, gasta breogo, helende 
Crist, helpe bidde, +d+at me forgefene gastes wunde an
for+dgesceaft feran mote, +ty +dine wordcwidas 
weor+dan gefelde, +d+at +du ne wilnast weora +aniges
dea+d; ac +du synfulle simle l+ardes +d+at hio cerrende 
Criste herdon and hiom lif mid +de langsum beg+eton, swilce
+du +at dome, dryhten, [{oferswi+ddest{] ealra 
synna cynn, saula neriend.
<R 60>
Ic on unrihtum eac +dan in synnum geeacnod w+as.
<R 61>
+du +d+at ana wast, m+ahtig dryhten, hu me modor geb+ar in
scame and in sceldum; forgef me, sceppend min, 
+d+at ic fram +d+am synnum selfa gecerre, +ta [{+de{] mine
+aldran +ar geworhtan and ic selfa eac sio+d+dan beeode.
<P 91>
<R 67>
Ac +du, selua god, so+d an lufast; +ty ic +de mid benum biddan
wille lifes and lisse, liohtes aldor, for+dan 
+du me uncu+de eac +dan derne +tinre snetera hord selfa
ontendes.
<R 72>
+du me, meahtig god, milde and bli+de +turh ysopon ealne
ahluttra, +tonne ic gecl+ansod Criste hero, and
eac ofer snawe self scinende +tinre sibbe lufan sona gemete.
<R 77>
Ontyn nu, elmehtig, earna hleo+dor, +t+at min gehernes hehtful
weor+de on gefean bli+dse for+dweard to +de; 
+danne bio+d on wenne, waldend, simle +ta gebrocenan ban,
bilwit (\dominus\) , +da +te on h+an+dum +ar hwile w+aron.
<R 83>
Ahwerf nu fram synnum, saula neriend, and fram misdedum minra
gylta +tine ansione, +almeahtig god, and 
+durh miltsunga meahta +tinra +du unriht min eall adilga.
<R 88>
+ac +du, dryhten Crist, cl+ene hiortan in me, mehtig god,
modswi+dne ge+danc to +dolienne +dinne willan and 
to healdenne halige domas, and +du rihtne gast, rodera
waldend, in fer+de minum feste geniowa.
<R 94>
Ne aweorp +du me, weoruda dryhten, fram ansione ealra +tinra
miltsa, ne +dane godan fram me gast haligne 
<P 92>
aferre, domine, frea +almeahtig, [{+tinra{] arna me eal ne
bescerwe.
<R 99>
S+ale nu bli+dse me, bilewit (\dominus\) , +tinre h+alo heht,
helm alwihta, and me, lifgende liohtes hiorde,
gaste +dine, god selfa, getreme, +d+at ic aldorlice a for+d
sio+d+dan to +dinum willan weor+dan mote.
<R 105>
Simle ic +dine weogas wanhogan l+arde, +d+at hio arlease eft
gecerdan to hiora selfra saula hiorde, god
selfa, to +de gastes mundberd +durh sibbe lufan seocan
scoldan.
<R 110>
Befreo me an fer+de, f+ader mancynnes, fram blodgete and
bealani+dum, god lifigende, gylta geclansa, helo 
and helpend, hiofenrices weard; +danne tunge min triowfest
blissa+d for +dines selfes so+dfestnesse.
<R 116>
Ontyn nu, waldend god, weoloras mine; swa min mu+d sio+d+dan
m+ahte +dine and lof georne liodum to bli+dse, 
so+d sigedryhten, [{secgende{] w+as.
<R 120>
Ic +de onsegednesse sona brohte, weoruda dryhtne, +der +du
wolde swa, +da +du +t+at ne lufedest, lifes bretta, 
+d+at ic +de bernelac [{brengan{] moste deadra neata,
dryhtne to willan.
<R 125>
Ac +de micle ma, mehtig dryhten, 
<P 93>
lifiende Crist, liicwer+de
bi+d se gehnysta gast, hiorte geclansod and 
geeadmeded inge+tancum; +da +du, +alm+ahtig, +afre ne
+awest.
<R 130>
Gedoo nu fr+amsume frofre +dine to +dinum godan gastes willan,
+d+atte Sione dun sigefest weor+de, and weallas 
Sion wynf+este getremed, Hierusolim+e, god lifiende.
<R 135>
Swa +tu, frea meahtig, anfehst si+t+dan liofwende lac lioda
+tinra, h+alend manna; hio +d+at halige cealf 
on wigbed +tin willum asetta+d, liohtes aldor.
<R 139>
Forgef me, lifigende meotod mancynnes, m+ahtig (\dominus\) , 
+d+at +da sorhfullan saule wunde, +ta +de ic on +alde 
[{uel{] on gioge+de in fl+aschaman gefr+emed h+abbe leahtra
hegeleasra, mid lufan +tinre gast+a forgeofene 
[{glidan{] mote.
<R 146>
Sw+a +tingode +tiode aldor, Dauid to dryhtne, deda gemyndig,
+t+at hine m+ehtig god mannum to frofre +d+as 
cynedomes, Crist neriende, waldende god, weor+dne munde.
<R 151>
For+don he gebette balani+da hord mid ea+dmede inge+tance, +da
+de he on fer+de gefr+emed h+afde, gastes wunde.
<R 154>
Forgef us, god m+aahtig, +t+at we synna hord simle oferwinnan
<P 94>
and us geearnian +ace dreamas an lifigendra 
landes wenne.
<R 157>
Amen.



<B COANDREA>
<Q OX/3 XX XX AND>
<N ANDREAS>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  ANDREAS.
THE VERCELLI BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, II.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1932.
PP. 3.1     - 12.348     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 29.950  - 37.1252    (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 44.1478 - 51.1722    (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^A2.1^]
<P 3>
[} [\ANDREAS\] }]
<R 1>
Hw+at.
We gefrunan on fyrndagum twelfe under tunglum tireadige
h+ale+d, +teodnes +tegnas.
<R 3>
No hira +trym al+ag [{campr+adenne{] +tonne cumbol hneotan,
sy+d+dan hie ged+aldon, swa him dryhten sylf, heofona
heahcyning, [{hlyt{] get+ahte.
<R 8>
+t+at w+aron m+are men ofer eor+dan, frome folctogan ond
fyrdhwate, rofe rincas, +tonne rond ond hand on
herefelda helm ealgodon, on meotudwange.
<R 11>
W+as hira Matheus sum, se mid Iudeum ongan godspell +arest
wordum writan wundorcr+afte.
<R 14>
+tam halig god hlyt geteode ut on +t+at igland +t+ar +anig +ta
git ell+teodigra e+dles ne mihte bl+ades brucan.
<R 17>
Oft him bonena hand on herefelda hearde gesceode.
<R 20>
eal w+as +t+at mearcland mor+dre bewunden, feondes facne,      
folcstede gumena, h+ale+da e+del.
<R 21>
N+as +t+ar hlafes wist werum on +tam wonge, ne w+ateres drync
to bruconne, ah hie blod ond fel, fira fl+aschoman,
feorrancumenra, +degon geond +ta +teode.
<R 25>
Swelc w+as +teaw hira +t+at hie +aghwylcne ell+deodigra dydan
him to mose mete+tearfendum, +tara +te +t+at ealand utan sohte.
<R 29>
Swylc w+as +t+as folces freo+doleas tacen, unl+adra eafo+d,
+t+at hie eagena gesih+d, [{hettend{] heorogrimme,
[{heafodgimmas{]
<P 4>
[{agetton{] gealgmode gara ordum.
<R 33>
Sy+d+dan him [{geblendan{] bitere tosomne, dryas +turh
dwolcr+aft, drync unheorne, se onwende gewit, wera
inge+tanc, heortan hre+dre, hyge w+as oncyrred, +t+at hie ne
murndan +after mandreame, h+ale+t heorogr+adige, ac hie hig
ond g+ars for meteleaste me+de gedrehte.
<R 40>
+ta w+as Matheus to +t+are m+aran byrig cumen in +ta ceastre.
<R 41>
+t+ar w+as cirm micel geond Mermedonia, manfulra hlo+d,
fordenera gedr+ag, sy+t+tan deofles [{+tegnas{] geascodon
+a+delinges si+d.
<R 45>
Eodon him +ta togenes, garum gehyrsted, lungre under linde,
nalas late w+aron, eorre +ascberend, to +tam orlege.
<R 48>
Hie +tam halgan +t+ar handa gebundon ond f+astnodon feondes
cr+afte, h+ale+d hellfuse, ond his heafdes segl abreoton mid
billes ecge.
<R 51>
Hw+a+dre he in breostum +ta git herede in heortan heofonrices
weard, +teah +de he atres drync atulne onfenge.
<R 54>
Eadig ond onmod, he mid elne for+d wyr+dode wordum wuldres
aldor, heofonrices weard, halgan stefne, of carcerne.
<R 57>
Him w+as Cristes lof on fyrh+dlocan f+aste bewunden.
<R 59>
He +ta wepende weregum tearum his sigedryhten sargan reorde
grette, gumena brego, geomran stefne, weoruda wilgeofan,
ond +tus wordum cw+a+d: Hu me el+teodige
inwitwrasne searonet [{seowa+d{] .
<R 64>
A ic symles w+as on wega gehwam willan +tines georn on mode;
nu +durh geoh+da sceal d+ade fremman swa +ta dumban neat.
<P 5>
<R 68>
+tu ana canst ealra gehygdo, meotud mancynnes, mod in hre+dre.
<R 70>
Gif +tin willa sie, wuldres aldor, +t+at me w+arlogan w+apna
ecgum, sweordum, aswebban, ic beo sona gearu to adreoganne
+t+at +du, drihten min, engla eadgifa,
e+delleasum, duge+da d+adfruma, deman wille.
<R 76>
Forgif me to are, +almihtig god, leoht on +tissum life, +ty
l+as ic lungre scyle, ablended in burgum, +after billhete
+turh hearmcwide heorugr+adigra, la+dra
leodscea+dena, leng +trowian edwitspr+ace.
<R 80>
Ic to anum +te, middangeardes weard, mod sta+tolige, f+aste
fyrh+dlufan, ond +te, f+ader engla, beorht bl+adgifa,
biddan wille +d+at +du me ne gescyrige mid
scyldhetum, werigum wrohtsmi+dum, on +tone wyrrestan,
dugo+da demend, dea+d ofer eor+dan.
<R 88>
+after +tyssum wordum com wuldres tacen halig of heofenum,
swylce hadre segl to +tam carcerne.
<R 90>
+t+ar gecy+ded wear+d +t+at halig god helpe gefremede, +da
wear+d gehyred heofoncyninges stefn wr+atlic under wolcnum,
wordhleo+dres sweg m+ares +teodnes.
<R 94>
He his magu+tegne under hearmlocan h+alo ond frofre beadurofum
abead beorhtan stefne: Ic +te, Matheus,
mine sylle sybbe under swegle.
<R 98>
Ne beo +du on sefan to forht, ne on mode [{ne{] murn.
<R 99>
Ic +te mid wunige ond +te alyse of +tyssum leo+dubendum, ond
ealle +ta menigo +te +te mid wunia+d on nearonedum.
<R 102>
+te is neorxnawang, bl+ada beorhtost, boldwela f+agrost,
<P 6>
hama hyhtlicost, halegum mihtum torht ontyned.
<R 105>
+t+ar +du tyres most, to widan feore willan brucan.
<R 107>
Ge+tola +teoda +trea.
Nis seo +trah micel +t+at +te w+arlogan witebendum,
[{synnige{] +durh searocr+aft, swencan motan.
<R 110>
Ic +te Andreas +adre onsende to hleo ond to hro+dre in +tas
h+a+denan burg.
<R 112>
He +de alyse+d of +tyssum leodhete.
<R 113>
Is to +t+are tide t+almet hwile emne mid so+de seofon ond
twentig nihtgerimes, +t+at +du of nede most, sorgum geswenced,
sigore gewyr+dod, [{hweorfan{] , of hen+dum in gehyld godes.
<R 118>
[{Gewat{] him +ta se halga helm +alwihta, engla scyppend, to
+tam uplican e+delrice.
<R 120>
He is on riht cyning, sta+dolf+ast styrend, in stowa gehwam.
<R 122>
+da w+as Matheus miclum onbryrded niwan stefne.
<R 123>
Nihthelm toglad, lungre leorde leoht +after com, d+agredwoma.
<R 125>
Dugu+d samnade, h+a+dne hildfrecan, heapum +trungon, gu+dsearo
gullon, garas hrysedon, bolgenmode, under
bordhreo+dan.
<R 129>
Woldon cunnian hw+a+der cwice lifdon +ta +te on carcerne
clommum f+aste hleoleasan wic hwile wunedon, hwylcne hie to
+ate +arest mihton +after fyrstmearce feores ber+adan.
<R 134>
H+afdon hie on rune ond on rimcr+afte awriten, w+algr+adige,
wera endest+af, [{hw+anne{] hie to mose mete+tearfendum on
+t+are wer+teode weor+dan sceoldon.
<R 138>
Cirmdon caldheorte, cor+dor o+drum getang,
<P 7>
re+de r+asboran.
<R 139>
Rihtes ne gimdon, meotudes mildse.
<R 140>
Oft hira mod onwod under dimscuan deofles larum, +tonne hie
unl+adra [{eafe+dum{] gelyfdon.
<R 143>
Hie +da gemetton modes glawne, haligne h+ale, under
heolstorlocan bidan beadurofne [{+t+as{] him beorht cyning,
engla ordfruma, unnan wolde.
<R 147>
+da w+as first agan frumr+adenne +tinggemearces butan +trim
nihtum, swa hit w+alwulfas awriten h+afdon +t+at
hie banhringas abrecan +tohton, lungre tolysan lic ond sawle,
ond +tonne tod+alan dugu+de ond geogo+de,
werum to wiste ond to wil+tege, f+ages fl+aschoman.
<R 154>
Feorh ne bemurndan, gr+adige gu+drincas, hu +t+as gastes si+d
+after swyltcwale geseted wurde.
<R 157>
Swa hie symble ymb +tritig +ting gehedon nihtgerimes; w+as him
neod micel +t+at hie tobrugdon blodigum ceaflum fira
fl+aschoman him to foddor+tege.
<R 161>
+ta w+as gemyndig, se +de middangeard gesta+delode strangum
mihtum, hu he in ell+teodigum yrm+dum wunode,
belocen leo+dubendum, +te oft his lufan adreg for Ebreum ond
Israhelum; swylce he Iudea galdorcr+aftum wi+dstod stranglice.
<R 167>
+ta sio stefn gewear+d gehered of heofenum, +t+ar se halga wer
in Achaia, Andreas, w+as, leode l+arde on
lifes weg, +ta him cirebaldum cininga wuldor, meotud
mancynnes, modhord onleac, weoruda drihten, ond
+tus wordum cw+a+d: +du scealt feran ond fri+d l+adan,
<P 8>
si+de gesecan, +t+ar sylf+atan eard weardiga+d, e+del
healda+t mor+dorcr+aftum.
<R 177>
Swa is +t+are menigo +teaw +t+at hie uncu+dra +angum ne
willa+d on +tam folcstede feores geunnan sy+t+tan manfulle
on Mermedonia onfinda+t feasceaftne.
<R 181>
+t+ar sceall feorhgedal, earmlic ylda cwealm, +after wyr+tan.
<R 183>
+d+ar ic seomian wat +tinne sigebro+dor mid +tam burgwarum
bendum f+astne.
<R 185>
Nu bi+d fore +treo niht +t+at he on +t+are +teode sceal fore
h+a+denra handgewinne +turh gares gripe gast onsendan,
ellorfusne, butan +du +ar cyme.
<R 189>
+adre him Andreas agef andsware: Hu m+ag ic, dryhten min, ofer
deop gelad fore gefremman on feorne weg swa hr+adlice,
heofona scyppend, wuldres waldend, swa +du worde becwist?
<R 194>
+d+at m+ag engel +tin ea+d geferan, [{halig{] of heofenum con
him holma begang, sealte [{s+astreamas{] ond swanrade,
waro+dfaru+da gewinn ond w+aterbrogan, wegas ofer widland.
<R 198>
Ne synt me winas cu+de, eorlas el+teodige, ne +t+ar +aniges
wat h+ale+da gehygdo, ne me herestr+ata ofer cald w+ater
cu+de sindon.
<R 201>
Him +da ondswarude ece dryhten: Eala, Andreas, +t+at +du a
woldest +t+as si+df+ates s+ane weor+tan.
<R 205>
Nis +t+at unea+de eallwealdan gode to gefremmanne on foldwege,
+d+at sio ceaster hider on +tas cneorisse
under swegles gang aseted wyr+de, breogostol breme, mid +tam
burgwarum, gif hit worde becwi+d wuldres
agend.
<P 9>
<R 211>
Ne meaht +du +t+as si+df+ates s+ane weor+dan, ne on gewitte to
wac, gif +du wel +tencest wi+d +tinne waldend w+are gehealdan,
treowe tacen.
<R 214>
Beo +du on tid gearu; ne m+ag +t+as +arendes ylding wyr+dan.
<R 216>
+du scealt +ta fore geferan ond +tin feorh beran in gramra
gripe, +d+ar +te gu+dgewinn +turh h+a+denra hildewoman,
beorna beaducr+aft, geboden [{wyr+de+d{] .
<R 220>
Scealtu +aninga mid +ard+age, emne to morgene, +at meres ende
ceol gestigan ond on cald w+ater brecan ofer b+a+dweg.
<R 223>
Hafa bletsunge ofer middangeard mine, +t+ar +du fere.
<R 225>
Gewat him +ta se halga healdend ond wealdend, upengla fruma,
e+del secan, middangeardes weard, +tone m+aran ham,
+t+ar so+df+astra sawla moton +after lices hryre lifes brucan.
<R 230>
+ta w+as +arende +a+delum cempan aboden in burgum, ne w+as
him blea+d hyge, ah he w+as anr+ad ellenweorces,
heard ond higerof, nalas hildlata, gearo, gu+de fram, to
godes campe.
<R 235>
Gewat him +ta on uhtan mid +ard+age ofer sandhleo+du to s+as
faru+de, +triste on ge+tance, ond his +tegnas
mid, gangan on greote.
<R 238>
Garsecg hlynede, beoton brimstreamas.
<R 239>
Se beorn w+as on hyhte, sy+d+tan he on waru+de widf+a+dme scip
modig gemette.
<R 241>
+ta com morgentorht beacna beorhtost ofer breomo sneowan,
halig of heolstre.
<R 243>
Heofoncandel blac ofer lagoflodas.
<R 244>
He +d+ar lidweardas, +trymlice +try +tegnas [{gemette{] ,
modiglice menn, on merebate
<P 10>
sittan si+dfrome, swylce hie ofer s+a comon.
<R 248>
+t+at w+as drihten sylf, duge+da wealdend, ece +almihtig, mid
his englum twam.
<R 250>
W+aron hie on gescirplan scipferendum, eorlas onlice
eali+dendum, +tonne hie on flodes f+a+dm ofer feorne weg
on cald w+ater ceolum laca+d.
<R 254>
Hie +da gegrette, se +de on greote stod, fus on faro+de,
[{f+agn{] reordade: Hwanon comon ge ceolum li+dan,
macr+aftige menn, on mere+tissan, ane +agflotan?
<R 258>
Hwanon eagorstream ofer y+da gewealc eowic brohte?
<R 260>
Him +da ondswarode +almihti god, swa +t+at ne wiste, se +de
+t+as wordes bad, hw+at se manna w+as me+delhegendra,
+te he +t+ar on waro+de wi+d+tingode: We of Marmedonia
m+ag+de syndon feorran geferede [^TORONTO CORPUS: gefrede^] .
<R 265>
Us mid flode b+ar on hranrade heahstefn naca, snellic
s+amearh, snude bewunden, o+d+t+at we [{+tissa{] leoda
land gesohton, w+are bewrecene, swa us wind fordraf.
<R 270>
Him +ta Andreas ea+dmod oncw+a+d: Wolde ic +te biddan, +teh ic
+te beaga lyt, sincweor+dunga, syllan meahte, +t+at +du us
gebrohte brante ceole, hea hornscipe, ofer
hw+ales e+del on +t+are m+ag+de.
<R 275>
Bi+d +de meor+d wi+d god, +t+at +du us on lade li+de weor+de.
<R 277>
Eft him ondswarode +a+delinga helm of y+dlide, engla scippend:
Ne magon +t+ar gewunian widferende, ne +t+ar el+teodige
eardes bruca+d, ah in +t+are ceastre cwealm
+trowia+d, +ta +de feorran +tyder feorh gel+ada+t,
<P 11>
ond +tu wilnast nu ofer widne mere +t+at +du on +ta f+ag+de
+tine feore spilde.
<R 285>
Him +ta Andreas agef ondsware: Usic lust hwete+d on +ta
leodmearce, mycel modes hiht, to +t+are m+aran byrig,
+teoden leofesta, gif +du [{us{] +tine wilt on
merefaro+de miltse gecy+dan.
<R 290>
Him ondswarode engla +teoden, neregend fira, of nacan stefne:
We +de estlice mid us willa+d ferigan freolice ofer fisces
b+a+d efne to +tam lande +t+ar +te lust
myne+d to gesecanne, sy+d+dan ge eowre gafulr+adenne agifen
habba+d, sceattas gescrifene, swa eow scipweardas,
aras ofer y+dbord, unnan willa+d.
<R 299>
Him +ta ofstlice Andreas wi+d, wine+tearfende, wordum m+alde:
N+abbe ic f+ated gold ne feohgestreon, welan ne wiste ne wira
gespann, landes ne locenra beaga, +t+at ic +te m+age lust
ahwettan, willan in worulde, swa +du worde becwist.
<R 305>
Him +ta beorna breogo, +t+ar he on bolcan s+at, ofer waro+da
geweorp wi+d+tingode: Hu gewear+d +te +t+as, wine
leofesta, +d+at +du s+abeorgas secan woldes, merestreama
gemet, ma+dmum [{bed+aled{] , ofer cald cleofu ceoles neosan?
<R 311>
Nafast +te to frofre on faro+dstr+ate hlafes wiste ne
hlutterne drync to dugo+de.
<R 313>
Is se drohta+d strang +tam +te lagolade lange cunna+t.
<R 315>
+da him Andreas +durh ondsware, wis on gewitte, wordhord
onleac: Ne gedafena+d +te, nu +te dryhten geaf
welan ond wiste ond woruldspede,
<P 12>
+d+at +du ondsware mid oferhygdum, sece sarcwide.
<R 320>
Selre bi+d +aghwam +t+at he ea+dmedum ellorfusne oncnawe
cu+dlice, swa +t+at Crist bebead, +teoden +trymf+ast.
<R 323>
We [{his{] +tegnas synd gecoren to cempum.
<R 324>
He is cyning on riht, wealdend ond wyrhta wuldor+trymmes, an
ece god eallra gesceafta, swa he ealle
befeh+d anes cr+afte, hefon ond eor+dan, halgum mihtum, sigora
selost.
<R 329>
He +d+at sylfa cw+a+d, f+ader folca gehw+as, ond us feran het
geond ginne grund gasta streonan: Fara+d nu
geond ealle eor+dan sceatas emne swa wide swa w+ater bebuge+d,
o+d+de stedewangas str+ate gelicga+t.
<R 335>
Bodia+d +after burgum beorhtne geleafan ofer foldan f+a+dm.
<R 336>
Ic eow freo+do healde.
<R 337>
Ne +durfan ge on +ta fore fr+atwe l+adan, gold ne seolfor.
<R 338>
Ic eow goda gehw+as on eowerne agenne dom est ahwette.
<R 340>
Nu +du seolfa miht si+d userne gehyran hyge+tancol.
<R 341>
Ic sceal hra+de cunnan hw+at +du us to [{dugu+dum{] gedon
wille.
<R 343>
Him +ta ondswarode ece dryhten: Gif ge syndon +tegnas +t+as
+te +trym ahof ofer middangeard, swa ge me secga+t,
ond ge geheoldon +t+at eow se halga bead, +tonne ic eow
mid gefean ferian wille ofer brimstreamas, swa ge benan sint.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 29>
<R 950>
Nu +du, Andreas, scealt edre gene+dan in gramra gripe.
<R 951>
Is +te gu+d weotod, heardum heoruswengum scel +tin hra
[{d+aled{] wundum weor+dan, w+attre geliccost faran flode blod.
<R 954>
Hie +tin feorh ne magon dea+de ged+alan, +teh +du drype
+dolie, synnigra slege.
<R 956>
+du +t+at sar aber; ne l+at +te ahweorfan h+a+denra +trym,
grim gargewinn, +t+at +du gode swice, dryhtne +tinum.
<R 959>
Wes a domes georn; l+at +de on gemyndum hu +t+at manegum
wear+d fira gefrege geond feala landa, +t+at me bysmredon
bennum f+astne weras wans+alige.
<R 963>
Wordum tyrgdon, slogon ond swungon, synnige ne mihton +turh
sarcwide so+d gecy+dan.
<R 966>
+ta ic mid Iudeum gealgan +tehte, rod w+as ar+ared, +t+ar
rinca sum
<P 30>
of minre sidan swat ut forlet, dreor to foldan.
<R 969>
Ic adreah feala Yrm+ta ofer eor+dan.
<R 970>
Wolde ic eow on +don +turh bli+dne hige bysne onstellan, swa
on ell+teode ywed wyr+de+d.
<R 973>
Manige syndon in +tysse m+aran byrig +tara +te +du gehweorfest
to heofonleohte +turh minne naman, +teah hie mor+dres feala
in fyrndagum gefremed habban.
<R 977>
Gewat him +ta se halga heofonas secan, eallra cyninga cining,
+tone cl+anan ham, ea+dmedum upp, +t+ar is
ar gelang fira gehwylcum, +tam +te hie findan cann.
<R 980>
+Da w+as gemyndig modge+tyldig, beorn beaduwe heard, eode in
burh hra+de, anr+ad oretta, elne gefyr+dred, maga mode rof,
meotude getreowe, stop on str+ate, stig wisode,
swa him n+anig gumena ongitan ne mihte, synfulra geseon.
<R 987>
H+afde sigora weard on +tam wangstede w+are betolden leofne
leodfruman mid lofe sinum.
<R 990>
H+afde +ta se +a+deling in ge+trungen, Cristes cempa,
carcerne neh.
<R 992>
Geseh he h+a+denra hlo+d +atg+adere, fore hlindura hyrdas
standan, seofone +atsomne.
<R 994>
Ealle swylt fornam, druron domlease.
<R 995>
Dea+dr+as forfeng h+ale+d [{heorodreorige{] .
<R 996>
+da se halga geb+ad bilwytne f+ader, breostgehygdum herede on
heh+do heofoncyninges [{+trym{] , [{godes{] dryhtendom.
<R 999>
Duru sona onarn +turh [{handhrine{] haliges gastes, ond +t+ar
in eode, elnes gemyndig, h+ale hildedeor.
<R 1001>
H+a+dene sw+afon, dreore druncne, dea+dwang rudon.
<P 31>
<R 1003>
Geseh he Matheus in +tam mor+dorcofan, h+ale+d higerofne under
heolstorlocan, secgan dryhtne lof, domweor+dinga engla +deodne.
<R 1007>
He +d+ar ana s+at geoh+dum geomor in +tam gnornhofe.
<R 1009>
Geseh +ta under swegle sw+asne geferan, halig haligne.
<R 1010>
Hyht w+as geniwad.
<R 1011>
Aras +ta togenes, gode +tancade +t+as +de hie onsunde +afre
moston geseon under sunnan.
<R 1013>
Syb w+as gem+ane bam +tam gebro+drum, blis edniwe.
<R 1015>
+aghw+a+der o+derne earme be+tehte, cyston hie ond clypton.
<R 1016>
Criste w+aron begen leofe on mode.
<R 1017>
Hie leoht ymbscan halig ond heofontorht.
<R 1018>
Hre+dor innan w+as wynnum awelled.
<R 1019>
+ta worde ongan +arest Andreas +a+delne geferan on
clustorcleofan mid cwide sinum gretan godfyrhtne,
s+ade him gu+dge+dingu, feohtan fara monna: Nu is [{+tis{] folc
on luste, h+ale+d hyder on gewyrht eardes neosan.
<R 1026>
+after +tyssum wordum wuldres +tegnas, begen +ta gebro+dor, to
gebede hyldon, sendon hira bene fore bearn godes.
<R 1029>
Swylce se halga in +tam hearmlocan his god [{grette{] ond him
geoce b+ad, h+alend helpe, +ar +tan hra crunge fore h+a+denra
hilde+trymme, ond +ta gel+adde of
leo+dobendum fram +tam f+astenne on fri+d dryhtnes tu ond
hundteontig geteled rime, swylce feowertig, generede fram
ni+de, +t+ar he [{n+anigne{] forlet under burglocan
bennum f+astne,
<P 32>
[{ond{] +t+ar wifa +ta gyt, weorodes to
eacan, anes wana +te fiftig forhte gefreo+dode.
<R 1041>
F+agen w+aron si+des, lungre leordan, nalas leng bidon in +tam
gnornhofe gu+dge+tingo.
<R 1044>
Gewat +ta Matheus menigo l+adan on gehyld godes, swa him se
halga bebead.
<R 1046>
Weorod on wilsi+d wolcnum be+tehte, +te l+as him scyldhatan
scy+d+dan comon mid earhfare, ealdgeni+dlan.
<R 1049>
+t+ar +ta modigan mid him m+a+del gehedan, treowge+toftan, +ar
hie on tu hweorfan.
<R 1051>
+ag+der +tara eorla o+drum trymede heofonrices hyht, helle
witu wordum werede.
<R 1053>
Swa +da wigend mid him, h+ale+d higerofe, halgum stefnum
cempan coste cyning weor+dadon, wyrda waldend,
+t+as wuldres ne bi+d +afre mid eldum ende befangen.
<R 1058>
Gewat him +ta Andreas inn on ceastre gl+admod gangan, to +t+as
+de he gramra gemot, fara folcm+agen, gefr+agen h+afde,
o+d+d+at he gemette be mearcpa+de standan
str+ate neah stapul +arenne.
<R 1063>
Ges+at him +ta be healfe, h+afde hluttre lufan, [{ece{]
upgemynd engla blisse; +tanon basnode under burhlocan hw+at
him gu+dweorca gife+de wurde.
<R 1067>
+ta gesamnedon side herigeas, folces frumgaras.
<R 1068>
To +tam f+astenne w+arleasra werod w+apnum comon, h+a+dne
hildfrecan, to +t+as +ta h+aftas +ar under hlinscuwan
hearm +trowedon.
<R 1072>
Wendan ond woldon wi+derhycgende +t+at hie on el+teodigum +at
geworhton, weotude wiste.
<R 1074>
Him seo wen gelah,
<P 33>
sy+d+dan mid cor+dre carcernes duru eorre
+ascberend opene fundon, onhliden hamera geweorc, hyrdas deade.
<R 1078>
Hie +ta unhy+dige eft gecyrdon, luste belorene, la+dspell
beran, s+agdon +tam folce +t+at +d+ar feorrcundra,
ellreordigra, +anigne to lafe in carcerne cwicne [{ne{]
[{gemetton{] , ah +t+ar heorodreorige hyrdas lagan,
g+asne on greote, gaste berofene, f+agra fl+aschaman.
<R 1085>
+ta wear+d forht manig for +tam f+arspelle folces r+aswa,
hean, hygegeomor, hungres on wenum, blates beodgastes.
<R 1088>
Nyston beteran r+ad, +tonne hie +ta [{belidenan{] him to
lifnere [{deade{] gefeormedon.
<R 1090>
Duru+tegnum wear+d in ane tid eallum +atsomne +turh heard
gelac hildbedd styred.
<R 1093>
+da ic lungre gefr+agn leode tosomne burgwaru bannan.
<R 1094>
Beornas comon, wiggendra +treat, wicgum gengan, on mearum
modige, m+a+delhegende, +ascum dealle.
<R 1097>
+ta w+as eall geador to +tam +tingstede +teod gesamnod.
<R 1099>
Leton him +ta betweonum taan wisian hwylcne hira +arest o+drum
sceolde to foddur+tege feores ongyldan;
hluton hellcr+aftum, h+a+dengildum teledon betwinum.
<R 1103>
+da se tan gehwearf efne ofer +anne ealdgesi+da, se w+as
u+dweota eorla dugo+de, heriges on ore.
<R 1106>
Hra+de si+d+dan wear+d fetorwrasnum f+ast, feores orwena.
<R 1108>
Cleopode +ta collenferh+d cearegan reorde, cw+a+d he his
sylfes sunu syllan wolde
<P 34>
on +ahtgeweald, eaforan [{geongne{] , lifes to lisse.
<R 1111>
Hie +da lac hra+de +tegon to +tance.
<R 1112>
+teod w+as oflysted, metes modgeomre, n+as him to ma+dme wynn,
hyht to hordgestreonum.
<R 1114>
Hungre w+aron +tearle ge+treatod, swa se +deodscea+da [{reow{]
ricsode.
<R 1116>
+ta w+as rinc manig, gu+dfrec guma, ymb +t+as geongan feorh
breostum onbryrded.
<R 1118>
To +tam beadulace w+as +t+at weatacen wide gefrege, geond +ta
burh bodad beorne manegum, +t+at hie +t+as cnihtes cwealm
cor+dre gesohton, dugu+de ond eogo+de, d+al
onfengon lifes to leofne.
<R 1123>
Hie lungre to +t+as, h+a+dene herigweardas, here samnodan
ceastrewarena.
<R 1125>
Cyrm upp astah +da se geonga ongann geomran stefne, geh+afted
for herige, hearmleo+d galan, freonda feasceaft,
fri+des wilnian.
<R 1129>
Ne mihte earmsceapen are findan, freo+de +at +tam folce, +te
him feores wolde, ealdres geunnan.
<R 1131>
H+afdon +agl+acan s+acce gesohte.
<R 1132>
Sceolde sweordes ecg, scerp ond scurheard, of scea+dan folme,
fyrm+alum fag, feorh acsigan.
<R 1135>
+da +t+at Andrea earmlic +tuhte, +teodbealo +tearlic to
ge+dolianne, +t+at he swa unscyldig ealdre sceolde
lungre linnan.
<R 1138>
W+as se leodhete [{+trist{] [{ond{] +trohtheard.
<R 1139>
+trymman sceocan, modige magu+tegnas, mor+dres on luste,
woldon +aninga, ellenrofe, on +tam hysebeor+dre
heafolan gescenan, garum agetan.
<R 1143>
Hine god forstod, halig of heh+do, h+a+denum folce.
<R 1145>
Het w+apen wera wexe gelicost
<P 35>
on +tam orlege eall formeltan,
+ty l+as scyldhatan [{sce+d+dan{] mihton, egle
ondsacan, ecga +try+dum.
<R 1149>
Swa wear+d alysed of leodhete, geong of gyrne.
<R 1150>
Gode ealles +tanc, dryhtna dryhtne, +t+as +de he dom gife+d
gumena gehwylcum, +tara +te geoce to him sece+d
mid snytrum.
<R 1153>
+t+ar bi+d symle gearu [{freod{] unhwilen, +tam +te hie findan
cann.
<R 1155>
+ta w+as wop h+afen in wera burgum, hlud heriges cyrm.
<R 1156>
Hreopon friccan, m+andon meteleaste, me+de stodon, hungre
geh+afte.
<R 1158>
Hornsalu wunedon, weste winr+aced, welan ne benohton beornas
to brucanne on +ta bitran tid, ges+aton searu+tancle sundor
to rune erm+du eahtigan.
<R 1162>
N+as him to e+dle wynn.
<R 1163>
Fregn +ta gelome freca o+derne: Ne hele se +de h+abbe holde
lare, on sefan snyttro.
<R 1165>
Nu is s+al cumen, +trea orm+ate, is nu +tearf mycel +t+at we
wisf+astra wordum hyran.
<R 1168>
+ta for +t+are dugo+de deoful +atywde, wann ond wliteleas,
h+afde weriges hiw.
<R 1170>
Ongan +ta meldigan mor+tres brytta, hellehinca, +tone halgan
wer wi+derhycgende, ond +t+at word gecw+a+d:
Her is gefered ofer feorne weg +a+delinga sum innan ceastre,
ell+teodigra, +tone ic Andreas nemnan herde.
<R 1176>
He eow neon gesceod +da he aferede of f+astenne manncynnes ma
+tonne gemet w+are.
<R 1179>
Nu ge magon ea+de oncy+dd+ada wrecan on [{gewyrhtum{] .
<R 1180>
L+ata+d [{w+apnes{] spor
<P 36>
iren ecgheard, ealdorgeard sceoran, f+ages feorhhord.
<R 1182>
Ga+d fromlice +t+at ge wi+derfeohtend wiges gehn+agan.
<R 1184>
Him +ta Andreas agef ondsware: Hw+at, +du +tristlice +teode
l+arest, b+aldest to beadowe.
<R 1186>
W+ast +te b+ales cwealm, hatne in helle, ond +tu here fysest,
fe+dan to gefeohte.
<R 1188>
Eart +du fag wi+d god, dugo+da demend.
<R 1189>
Hw+at, +du deofles str+al, icest +tine yrm+do.
<R 1190>
+de se +almihtiga heanne gehn+agde, ond [{on{] heolstor
besceaf, +t+ar +te cyninga cining clamme belegde, ond +te
sy+d+dan a [{Satan{] nemdon, +da +de dryhtnes a deman
cu+don.
<R 1195>
+da gyt se wi+dermeda wordum l+arde folc to gefeohte, feondes
cr+afte: Nu ge gehyra+d h+ale+da gewinnan, se +dyssum herige
m+ast hearma gefremede.
<R 1199>
+d+at is Andreas, se me on flite+d wordum wr+atlicum for wera
menigo.
<R 1201>
+da w+as beacen boden burhsittendum.
<R 1202>
Ahleopon hildfrome heriges brehtme ond to weallgeatum wigend
+trungon, cene under cumblum, cor+dre mycle to +dam orlege,
ordum ond bordum.
<R 1206>
+ta worde cw+a+d weoroda dryhten, meotud mihtum swi+d s+agde
his mago+tegne: Scealt +du, Andreas, ellen fremman.
<R 1209>
Ne mi+d +du for menigo, ah +tinne modsefan sta+dola wi+d
strangum.
<R 1210>
Nis seo stund latu +t+at +te w+alreowe witum belecga+t,
cealdan clommum.
<R 1212>
Cy+d +te sylfne, herd hige +tinne, heortan sta+dola, +t+at hie
min on +de m+agen oncnawan.
<R 1215>
Ne magon hie ond ne moton ofer mine est +tinne lichoman,
lehtrum scyldige, dea+de ged+alan, +deah +du drype +tolige,
<P 37>
mirce manslaga.
<R 1218>
Ic +te mid wunige.
<R 1219>
+after +tam wordum com werod unm+ate, lyswe larsmeo+das, mid
lindgecrode, bolgenmode; b+aron ut hr+a+de ond +tam halgan
+t+ar handa gebundon.
<R 1222>
Si+t+tan geypped w+as +a+delinga wynn, ond hie andweardne
eagum meahton gesion sigerofne, +t+ar w+as sec manig on
+tam welwange wiges oflysted leoda dugu+de.
<R 1227>
Lyt sorgodon hwylc him +t+at edlean +after wurde.
<R 1229>
Heton +ta l+adan ofer landsceare, +dragm+alum teon,
torngeni+dlan, swa hie hit frecnost findan meahton.
<R 1232>
Drogon [{deormodne{] +after dunscr+afum, ymb stanhleo+do,
[{st+arcedfer+tne{] , efne swa wide swa wegas to lagon,
enta +argeweorc, innan burgum, str+ate stanfage.
<R 1236>
Storm upp aras +after ceasterhofum, cirm unlytel h+a+dnes
heriges.
<R 1238>
W+as +t+as halgan lic sarbennum soden, swate bestemed, banhus
abrocen.
<R 1240>
Blod y+dum weoll, [{hatan{] heolfre.
<R 1241>
H+afde him on innan ellen [{untweonde{] , w+as +t+at +a+dele
mod asundrad fram synnum, +teah he sares swa feala deopum
dolgslegum dreogan sceolde.
<R 1245>
Swa w+as ealne d+ag o+d+d+at +afen com [{sigetorht{] swungen.
<R 1246>
Sar eft gewod ymb +t+as beornes breost, o+d+t+at beorht gewat
sunne swegeltorht to sete glidan.
<R 1249>
L+addan +ta leode la+dne gewinnan to carcerne.
<R 1250>
He w+as Criste swa +teah leof on mode.
<R 1251>
Him w+as leoht sefa halig heortan neh, hige untyddre.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 44>
<R 1478>
[{Hw+at{] , ic hwile nu haliges lare, leo+dgiddinga, lof +t+as
+te worhte, wordum wemde, wyrd undyrne ofer min gemet.
<R 1481>
Mycel is to secganne, langsum leornung, +t+at he in life
adreag, eall +after orde.
<R 1483>
+t+at scell +agl+awra mann on moldan +tonne ic me t+alige
findan on fer+de, +t+at fram fruman cunne eall +ta
earfe+do +te he mid elne adreah, grimra gu+da.
<R 1487>
Hw+a+dre git sceolon lytlum sticcum leo+dworda d+al fur+dur
reccan.
<R 1489>
+t+at is fyrns+agen, hu he weorna feala wita ge+dolode,
heardra hilda, in +t+are h+a+denan byrig.
<R 1492>
He be wealle geseah wundrum [{f+aste{] under [{s+alwage{]
sweras unlytle, stapulas standan, storme bedrifene,
eald enta geweorc.
<R 1495>
He wi+d anne +t+ara, mihtig ond [{modrof{] , m+a+del gehede,
wis, wundrum gleaw, word stunde ahof: Geher +du,
marmanstan, meotudes r+adum, fore +t+as onsyne ealle
gesceafte forhte geweor+da+d, +tonne hie f+ader geseo+d
heofonas ond eor+dan herigea m+aste on middangeard
mancynn secan.
<P 45>
<R 1503>
L+at nu of +tinum sta+tole streamas weallan, ea inflede, nu
+de +almihtig hate+d, heofona cyning, +t+at +du
hr+adlice on +tis fr+ate folc for+d onsende w+ater widrynig to
wera cwealme, [{geofon{] geotende.
<R 1508>
Hw+at, +du golde eart, sincgife, sylla.
<R 1509>
On +de sylf cyning wrat, wuldres god, wordum cy+dde recene
geryno, ond ryhte +a getacnode on tyn wordum,
meotud mihtum swi+d.
<R 1513>
Moyse sealde, swa hit so+df+aste sy+d+tan heoldon, modige
mago+tegnas, magas sine, godfyrhte guman, [{Iosua{] ond Tobias.
<R 1517>
Nu +du miht gecnawan +t+at +te cyning engla gefr+atwode
fur+dur mycle giofum geardagum +tonne eall gimma cynn.
<R 1520>
+turh his halige h+as +tu scealt hr+a+de cy+dan gif +du his
ondgitan +anige h+abbe.
<R 1522>
N+as +ta wordlatu wihte +ton mare +t+at se stan togan.
<R 1523>
Stream ut aweoll, fleow ofer foldan.
<R 1524>
Famige walcan mid +ard+age eor+dan +tehton, myclade mereflod.
<R 1526>
Meoduscerwen wear+d +after symbeld+age, sl+ape tobrugdon
[{searuh+abbende{] .
<R 1528>
Sund grunde onfeng, deope gedrefed.
<R 1529>
Dugu+d wear+d afyrhted +turh +t+as flodes f+ar.
<R 1530>
F+age swulton, geonge on geofene gu+dr+as fornam +turh
[{sealtne{] [{weg{] .
<R 1532>
+t+at w+as sorgbyr+ten, biter beor+tegu.
<R 1533>
Byrlas ne g+aldon, ombeht+tegnas.
<R 1534>
+t+ar w+as +alcum genog fram d+ages orde drync sona gearu.
<R 1536>
Weox w+ateres +trym.
Weras cwanedon,
<P 46>
ealde +ascberend.
<R 1537>
W+as him ut myne fleon fealone stream, woldon feore beorgan,
to dunscr+afum drohta+d secan, eor+dan ondwist.
<R 1540>
Him +t+at engel forstod, se +da burh oferbr+agd blacan lige,
hatan hea+dow+alme.
<R 1542>
Hreoh w+as +t+ar inne beatende brim.
<R 1543>
Ne mihte beorna hlo+d of +tam f+astenne fleame spowan.
<R 1545>
W+agas weoxon, [{wadu{] hlynsodon, flugon fyrgnastas, flod
y+dum weoll.
<R 1547>
+d+ar w+as y+dfynde innan burgum geomorgidd wrecen.
<R 1548>
Geh+do [{m+andan{] forhtfer+d manig, fusleo+d [{golon{] .
<R 1550>
Egeslic +aled eagsyne wear+d, heardlic hereteam, hleo+dor
gryrelic.
<R 1552>
+turh lyftgelac leges bl+astas weallas ymbwurpon, w+ater
mycladon.
<R 1554>
+t+ar w+as wop wera wide gehyred, earmlic ylda gedr+ag.
<R 1555>
+ta +t+ar an ongann, feasceaft h+ale+d, folc gadorigean, hean,
hygegeomor, heofende spr+ac: Nu ge magon sylfe so+d gecnawan,
+t+at we mid unrihte ell+teodigne on
carcerne clommum belegdon, witebendum.
<R 1561>
Us seo wyrd scy+de+d, heard ond hetegrim.
<R 1562>
+t+at is [{her{] swa cu+d, is hit mycle selre, +t+as +te ic
so+d talige, +t+at we hine alysan of leo+dobendum,
ealle anmode, ofost is selost, ond us +tone halgan helpe
biddan, geoce ond frofre.
<R 1567>
Us bi+d gearu sona sybb +after sorge, gif we seca+t to him.
<R 1569>
+ta +t+ar Andrea orgete wear+d on fyrh+dlocan folces geb+aro,
+t+ar w+as modigra [{m+agen{] forbeged, wigendra +trym.
<R 1572>
W+ater f+a+dmedon,
<P 47>
fleow firgendstream, flod w+as on luste,
o+t+t+at breost oferstag, brim weallende, eorlum o+d exle.
<R 1575>
+ta se +a+deling het streamfare stillan, stormas restan ymbe
stanhleo+du.
<R 1577>
Stop ut hr+a+de cene collenfer+d, carcern ageaf, gleawmod,
gode leof.
<R 1579>
Him [{w+as{] gearu sona +turh streamr+ace str+at gerymed.
<R 1581>
Smeolt w+as se sigewang, symble w+as dryge folde fram flode,
swa his fot gestop.
<R 1583>
Wurdon burgware bli+de on mode, ferh+dgefeonde.
<R 1584>
+ta w+as for+d cumen geoc +after gyrne.
<R 1585>
[{Geofon{] swa+drode +turh haliges h+as, hlyst yst forgeaf,
brimrad gebad.
<R 1587>
+ta se beorg tohlad, eor+dscr+af egeslic, ond +t+ar in forlet
flod f+a+dmian, fealewe w+agas, geotende gegrind grund eall
forswealg.
<R 1591>
Nalas he +t+ar y+de ane bisencte, ach +t+as weorodes eac +da
wyrrestan, faa folcscea+dan, feowertyne gewiton mid
+ty w+age in forwyrd sceacan under eor+tan grund.
<R 1595>
+ta wear+d acolmod, forhtfer+d manig folces on laste.
<R 1597>
Wendan hie [{wifa{] ond wera cwealmes, +tearlra ge+tinga
+drage hnagran, sy+d+dan mane faa, mor+dorscyldige,
gu+dgelacan under grund hruron.
<R 1601>
Hie +da anmode ealle cw+adon: Nu is gesyne +d+at +te so+d
meotud, cyning eallwihta, cr+aftum wealde+d, se +disne
ar hider onsende +teodum to helpe.
<R 1605>
Is nu +tearf mycel +t+at we gumcystum georne hyran.
<R 1607>
+ta se halga ongann h+ale+d blissigean, wigendra +treat wordum
retan:
<P 48>
Ne beo+d ge to forhte, +teh +te fell curen synnigra cynn.
<R 1610>
Swylt +trowode, witu be gewyrhtum.
<R 1611>
Eow is wuldres leoht torht ontyned, gif ge teala hycga+d.
<R 1613>
Sende +ta his bene fore bearn godes, b+ad haligne helpe
gefremman gumena geogo+de, +te on geofene +ar +turh flodes
f+a+dm feorh gesealdon, +d+at +ta gastas, gode
orfeorme, in wita forwyrd, wuldre bescyrede, in
feonda geweald gefered [{ne{] wurdan.
<R 1620>
+ta +d+at +arende ealwealdan gode +after hleo+dorcwidum
haliges gastes w+as on +tanc sprecen, +deoda [{r+aswan{] .
<R 1623>
Het +ta onsunde ealle arisan, geonge of greote, +ta +ar geofon
cwealde.
<R 1625>
+ta +t+ar ofostlice upp astodon manige on me+dle, mine
gefrege, eaforan unweaxne, +da w+as eall eador leo+dolic
ond gastlic, +teah hie lungre +ar +turh flodes f+ar
feorh aleton.
<R 1630>
onfengon fulwihte ond freo+duw+are, wuldres wedde witum
aspedde, mundbyrd meotudes.
<R 1632>
+ta se modiga het, cyninges cr+aftiga, ciricean getimbran,
gerwan godes tempel, +t+ar sio geogo+d aras +turh f+ader
fulwiht ond se flod onsprang.
<R 1636>
+ta gesamnodon secga +treate weras geond +ta winburg wide ond
side, eorlas anmode, ond hira idesa mid,
cw+adon holdlice hyran woldon, onfon fromlice fullwihtes
b+a+d dryhtne to willan, ond diofolgild, ealde eolhstedas,
anforl+atan.
<R 1642>
+ta w+as mid +ty folce fulwiht h+afen, +a+dele mid eorlum, ond
+a godes
<P 49>
riht ar+ared, r+ad on lande mid +tam
ceasterwarum, cirice gehalgod.
<R 1647>
+t+ar [{se{] ar godes anne gesette, wisf+astne wer, wordes
gleawne, in +t+are beorhtan byrig bisceop +tam leodum,
ond gehalgode fore +tam herem+agene +turh apostolhad,
Platan nemned, +teodum on +tearfe, ond +triste bebead
+t+at [{hie{] his lare l+aston georne, feorhr+ad fremedon.
<R 1654>
S+agde his fusne hige, +t+at he +ta goldburg ofgifan wolde,
secga seledream ond sincgestreon, beorht beagselu,
ond him brim+tisan +at s+as [{faro+de{] secan wolde.
<R 1659>
+t+at w+as +tam weorode [{weorc{] to ge+toligenne, +t+at hie
se leodfruma leng ne wolde wihte gewunian.
<R 1661>
+ta him wuldres god on +tam si+df+ate sylfum +atywde, ond
+t+at word gecw+a+d, weoruda dryhten: folc of firenum?
<R 1664>
[{Is{] him fus hyge ga+d geomriende, geoh+do m+ana+d weras wif
samod.
<R 1666>
Hira wop becom, murnende mod fore sneowan.
<R 1669>
Ne scealt +du +t+at eowde anforl+atan on swa niowan gefean, ah
him naman minne on fer+dlocan f+aste getimbre.
<R 1672>
Wuna in +t+are winbyrig, wigendra hleo, salu sinchroden,
seofon nihta fyrst.
<R 1674>
Sy+d+dan +du mid mildse minre ferest.
<R 1675>
+ta eft gewat o+dre si+de modig, m+agene rof, Marmedonia
ceastre secan.
<R 1677>
Cristenra weox word ond wisdom, sy+d+dan wuldres +tegn,
<P 50>
+a+telcyninges ar, eagum sawon.
<R 1680>
L+arde +ta +ta leode on geleafan weg, trymede torhtlice,
tireadigra wenede to wuldre weorod unm+ate, to
+tam halgan ham heofona rices, +t+ar f+ader ond sunu ond
frofre gast in +trinnesse +trymme wealde+d in woruld
worulda wuldorgestealda.
<R 1687>
Swylce se halga herigeas +treade, deofulgild todraf ond
gedwolan fylde.
<R 1689>
+t+at w+as Satane sar to ge+tolienne, mycel modes sorg, +t+at
he +da menigeo geseah hweorfan higebli+de fram helltrafum
+turh Andreas este lare to f+ageran gefean, +t+ar
n+afre feondes ne bi+d, gastes gramhydiges, gang on lande.
<R 1695>
+ta w+aron gefylde +after frean dome dagas on rime, swa him
dryhten bebead, +t+at he +ta wederburg wunian
sceolde.
<R 1698>
Ongan hine +ta fysan ond to flote gyrwan, blissum hremig,
wolde on brim+tisan Achaie o+dre si+de sylfa
gesecan, +t+ar he sawulgedal, beaducwealm gebad.
<R 1702>
+t+at +tam banan ne wear+d hleahtre behworfen, ah in helle
ceafl si+d asette, ond [{sy+d+dan{] no, fah, freonda leas,
frofre benohte.
<R 1706>
+da ic l+adan gefr+agn leoda weorode leofne lareow to lides
stefnan, m+acgas modgeomre.
<R 1708>
+t+ar manegum w+as hat +at heortan hyge weallende.
<R 1710>
Hie +da gebrohton +at brimes n+asse on w+ag+tele wigan
unslawne.
<R 1712>
Stodon him +da on ofre +after reotan +tendon hie on y+dum
+a+delinga wunn ofer seolhpa+du geseon mihton,
ond +ta weor+dedon wuldres agend,
<P 51>
cleopodon on cor+dre, ond cw+adon +tus: An is ece god
eallra gesceafta.
<R 1718>
Is his miht ond his +aht ofer middangeard breme gebledsod, ond
his bl+ad ofer eall in heofon+trymme halgum scine+d,
wlitige on wuldre to widan ealdre, ece mid englum.
<R 1722>
+t+at is +a+dele cyning.



<B CODREAM>
<Q OX/3 XX XX DREAM>
<N DREAM OF THE ROOD>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE DREAM OF THE ROOD.
THE VERCELLI BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, II.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1932.
PP. 61.1 - 65.156^]

[^A2.5^]
<P 61>
[} [\DREAM OF THE ROOD\] }]
<R 1>
Hw+at.
Ic swefna cyst secgan wylle, [{hw+at{] me gem+atte to midre
nihte, sy+d+tan reordberend reste wunedon.
<R 4>
+tuhte me +t+at ic gesawe syllicre treow on lyft l+adan,
leohte bewunden, beama beorhtost.
<R 6>
Eall +t+at beacen w+as begoten mid golde.
<R 7>
Gimmas stodon f+agere +at foldan sceatum, swylce +t+ar fife
w+aron uppe on +tam eaxlegespanne.
<R 9>
Beheoldon +t+ar engel dryhtnes ealle, f+agere +turh
for+dgesceaft.
<R 10>
Ne w+as +d+ar huru fracodes gealga, ac hine +t+ar beheoldon
halige gastas, men ofer moldan, ond eall +teos m+are gesceaft.
<R 13>
Syllic w+as se sigebeam, ond ic synnum fah, forwunded mid
wommum.
<R 14>
Geseah ic wuldres treow, w+adum geweor+dode, wynnum scinan,
gegyred mid golde; gimmas h+afdon bewrigene weor+dlice
[{wealdendes{] treow.
<R 18>
Hw+a+dre ic +turh +t+at gold ongytan meahte earmra +argewin,
+t+at hit +arest ongan sw+atan on +ta swi+dran healfe.
<R 20>
Eall ic w+as mid [{sorgum{] gedrefed, forht ic w+as for +t+are
f+agran gesyh+de.
<R 21>
Geseah ic +t+at fuse beacen wendan w+adum ond bleom; hwilum
hit w+as mid w+atan bestemed, beswyled mid swates gange,
hwilum mid since gegyrwed.
<R 24>
Hw+a+dre ic +t+ar licgende lange hwile beheold hreowcearig
h+alendes treow, o+d+d+at ic gehyrde +t+at hit hleo+drode.
<R 27>
Ongan +ta word sprecan wudu selesta: +t+at w+as geara iu, ic
+t+at gyta geman, +t+at ic w+as aheawen holtes on ende,
<P 62>
astyred of stefne minum.
<R 30>
Genaman me +d+ar strange feondas, geworhton him +t+ar to
w+afersyne, heton me heora wergas hebban.
<R 32>
B+aron me +d+ar beornas on eaxlum, o+d+d+at hie me on beorg
asetton, gef+astnodon me +t+ar feondas genoge.
<R 33>
Geseah ic +ta frean mancynnes efstan elne mycle +t+at he me
wolde on gestigan.
<R 35>
+t+ar ic +ta ne dorste ofer dryhtnes word bugan o+d+de
berstan, +ta ic bifian geseah eor+dan sceatas.
<R 37>
Ealle ic mihte feondas gefyllan, hw+a+dre ic f+aste stod.
<R 39>
Ongyrede hine +ta geong h+ale+d, +t+at w+as god +almihtig,
strang ond sti+dmod.
<R 40>
Gestah he on gealgan heanne, modig on manigra gesyh+de, +ta he
wolde mancyn lysan.
<R 42>
Bifode ic +ta me se beorn ymbclypte.
Ne dorste ic hw+a+dre bugan to eor+dan, feallan to foldan
sceatum, ac ic sceolde f+aste standan.
<R 44>
Rod w+as ic ar+ared.
Ahof ic ricne cyning, heofona hlaford, hyldan me ne dorste.
<R 46>
+turhdrifan hi me mid deorcan n+aglum.
On me syndon +ta dolg gesiene, opene inwidhlemmas.
<R 47>
Ne dorste ic hira n+anigum sce+d+dan.
<R 48>
Bysmeredon hie unc butu +atg+adere.
Eall ic w+as mid blode bestemed, begoten of +t+as guman sidan,
si+d+dan he h+afde his gast onsended.
<R 50>
Feala ic on +tam beorge gebiden h+abbe wra+dra wyrda.
<R 51>
Geseah ic weruda god +tearle +tenian.
<R 52>
+tystro h+afdon bewrigen mid wolcnum wealdendes hr+aw, scirne
sciman, sceadu for+deode, wann under wolcnum.
<R 55>
Weop eal gesceaft, cwi+ddon cyninges fyll.
<R 56>
Crist w+as on rode.
<R 57>
Hw+a+dere +t+ar fuse feorran cwoman to +tam +a+delinge.
<R 58>
Ic +t+at eall beheold.
<P 63>
<R 59>
Sare ic w+as mid [{sorgum{] gedrefed, hnag ic hw+a+dre +tam
secgum to handa, ea+dmod elne mycle.
<R 60>
Genamon hie +t+ar +almihtigne god, ahofon hine of +dam hefian
wite.
<R 61>
Forleton me +ta hilderincas standan steame bedrifenne; eall ic
w+as mid str+alum forwundod.
<R 63>
Aledon hie +d+ar limwerigne, gestodon him +at his lices
heafdum, beheoldon hie +d+ar heofenes dryhten, ond he hine
+d+ar hwile reste, me+de +after +dam miclan gewinne.
<R 65>
Ongunnon him +ta [{moldern{] wyrcan beornas on banan gesyh+de;
curfon hie +d+at of beorhtan stane, gesetton hie +d+aron
sigora wealdend.
<R 67>
Ongunnon him +ta sorhleo+d galan earme on +ta +afentide, +ta
hie woldon eft si+dian, me+de fram +tam m+aran
+teodne.
<R 69>
Reste he +d+ar m+ate weorode.
<R 70>
Hw+a+dere we +d+ar [{greotende{] gode hwile stodon on
sta+dole, sy+d+dan [{stefn{] up gewat hilderinca.
<R 72>
Hr+aw colode, f+ager feorgbold.
<R 73>
+ta us man fyllan ongan ealle to eor+dan.
<R 74>
+t+at w+as egeslic wyrd.
<R 75>
Bedealf us man on deopan sea+te.
Hw+a+dre me +t+ar dryhtnes +tegnas, freondas gefrunon, [{ond{]
gyredon me golde ond seolfre.
<R 78>
Nu +du miht gehyran, h+ale+d min se leofa, +t+at ic bealuwara
weorc gebiden h+abbe, sarra sorga.
<R 80>
Is nu s+al cumen +t+at me weor+dia+d wide ond side menn ofer
moldan, ond eall +teos m+are gesceaft, gebidda+t him to
+tyssum beacne.
<R 83>
On me bearn godes +trowode hwile.
<R 84>
For+tan ic +trymf+ast nu
<P 64>
hlifige under heofenum, ond ic h+alan
m+ag +aghwylcne anra, +tara +te him bi+d egesa to me.
<R 87>
Iu ic w+as geworden wita heardost, leodum la+dost, +ar+tan ic
him lifes weg rihtne gerymde, reordberendum.
<R 90>
Hw+at, me +ta geweor+dode wuldres ealdor ofer holtwudu,
heofonrices weard.
<R 92>
Swylce swa he his modor eac, Marian sylfe, +almihtig god for
ealle menn geweor+dode ofer eall wifa cynn.
<R 95>
Nu ic +te hate, h+ale+d min se leofa, +t+at +du +tas gesyh+de
secge mannum, onwreoh wordum +t+at hit is wuldres beam,
se +de +almihtig god on +trowode for mancynnes
manegum synnum ond Adomes ealdgewyrhtum.
<R 101>
Dea+d he +t+ar byrigde, hw+a+dere eft dryhten aras mid his
miclan mihte mannum to helpe.
<R 103>
He +da on heofenas astag.
Hider eft funda+t on +tysne middangeard mancynn secan on
domd+age dryhten sylfa, +almihtig god, ond his
englas mid, +t+at he +tonne wile deman, se ah domes geweald,
anra gehwylcum swa he him +arur her on +tyssum
l+anum life geearna+t.
<R 110>
Ne m+ag +t+ar +anig unforht wesan for +tam worde +te se
wealdend cwy+d.
<R 112>
Frine+d he for +t+are m+anige hw+ar se man sie, se +de for
dryhtnes naman dea+des wolde biteres onbyrigan,
swa he +ar on +dam beame dyde.
<R 115>
Ac hie +tonne forhtia+d, ond fea +tenca+t hw+at hie to Criste
cwe+dan onginnen.
<R 117>
Ne +tearf +d+ar +tonne +anig [{anforht{] wesan +te him +ar in
breostum bere+d beacna selest, ac +durh +da rode sceal rice
gesecan of eor+dwege +aghwylc sawl,
<P 65>
seo +te mid wealdende wunian +tence+d.
<R 122>
Geb+ad ic me +ta to +tan beame bli+de mode, elne mycle, +t+ar
ic ana w+as m+ate werede.
<R 124>
W+as modsefa afysed on for+dwege, feala ealra gebad
langunghwila.
<R 126>
Is me nu lifes hyht +t+at ic +tone sigebeam secan mote ana
oftor +tonne ealle men, well weor+tian.
<R 129>
Me is willa to +dam mycel on mode, ond min mundbyrd is geriht
to +t+are rode.
<R 131>
Nah ic ricra feala freonda on foldan, ac hie for+d heonon
gewiton of worulde dreamum, sohton him wuldres cyning,
lifia+t nu on heofenum mid heahf+adere, wunia+t
on wuldre, ond ic wene me daga gehwylce hw+anne
me dryhtnes rod, +te ic her on eor+dan +ar sceawode, on
+tysson l+anan life gefetige ond me +tonne
gebringe +t+ar is blis mycel, dream on heofonum, +t+ar is
dryhtnes folc geseted to symle, +t+ar is singal
blis, ond [{me{] +tonne asette +t+ar ic sy+t+tan mot wunian
on wuldre, well mid +tam halgum dreames brucan.
<R 144>
Si me dryhten freond, se +de her on eor+tan +ar +trowode on
+tam gealgtreowe for guman synnum.
<R 147>
He us onlysde ond us lif forgeaf, heofonlicne ham.
<R 148>
Hiht w+as geniwad mid bledum ond mid blisse +tam +te +t+ar
bryne +tolodan.
<R 150>
Se sunu w+as sigorf+ast on +tam si+dfate, mihtig ond spedig,
+ta he mid manigeo com, gasta weorode, on godes rice,
anwealda +almihtig, englum to blisse ond eallum
+dam halgum +tam +te on heofonum +ar wunedon
on wuldre, +ta heora wealdend cwom, +almihtig god, +t+ar his
e+del w+as.



<B COEXETER>
<Q OX/3 XX XX WAND>
<N WANDERER>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE WANDERER.
THE EXETER BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, III.
ED. G. P. KRAPP AND E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1936.
PP. 134.1 - 137.116

TEXT:  THE SEAFARER.
Idem.     
PP. 143.1 - 147.124  

TEXT:  WIDSITH.
Idem.
PP. 149.1 - 153.143

TEXT:  THE FORTUNES OF MEN.
Idem.
PP. 154.1 - 156.98

TEXT:  MAXIMS I.
Idem.
PP. 156.1 - 163.204

TEXT:  THE RIMING POEM.
Idem.
PP. 166.1 - 169.87

TEXT:  THE PANTHER.
Idem.
PP. 169.1 - 171.174

TEXT:  THE WHALE.
Idem.
PP. 171.1 - 174.88   

TEXT:  THE PARTRIDGE.
Idem.
P. 174.1 - 174.16

TEXT:  DEOR.
Idem.
PP. 178.1 - 179.42

TEXT:  WULF AND EADWACER.
Idem.
PP. 179.1 - 180.19

TEXT:  THE WIFE'S LAMENT.
Idem.
PP. 210.1 - 211.53^]

[^A3.6^]
<P 134>
[} [\THE WANDERER\] }]
<R 1>
Oft him anhaga are gebide+d, metudes miltse, +teah +te he
modcearig geond lagulade longe sceolde hreran 
mid hondum hrimcealde s+a, wadan wr+aclastas.
<R 5>
Wyrd bi+d ful [{ar+ad{] .
<R 6>
Swa cw+a+d eardstapa, earfe+ta gemyndig, wra+tra w+alsleahta,
winem+aga hryre: Oft ic sceolde ana uhtna gehwylce 
mine ceare cwi+tan.
<R 9>
Nis nu cwicra nan +te ic him modsefan minne durre sweotule
asecgan.
<R 11>
Ic to so+te wat +t+at bi+t in eorle indryhten +teaw, +t+at he
his fer+dlocan f+aste binde, [{healde{] his hordcofan, 
hycge swa he wille.
<R 15>
Ne m+ag werig mod wyrde wi+dstondan, ne se hreo hyge helpe
gefremman.
<R 17>
For+don domgeorne dreorigne oft in hyra breostcofan binda+d
f+aste.
<R 19>
swa ic modsefan minne sceolde, oft earmcearig, e+dle bid+aled,
freom+agum feor feterum s+alan, si+t+tan geara 
iu goldwine [{minne{] hrusan heolstre biwrah, ond ic hean
+tonan wod wintercearig ofer [{wa+tema{] gebind, 
sohte sele dreorig sinces bryttan, hw+ar ic feor o+t+te
neah findan meahte +tone +te in meoduhealle
[{min{] mine wisse, o+t+te mec [{freondleasne{] frefran
wolde, weman mid wynnum.
<R 29>
Wat se +te cunna+d, hu sli+ten bi+d sorg to geferan, +tam +te
him lyt hafa+d leofra geholena.
<R 32>
Wara+d hine wr+aclast, nales wunden gold, fer+dloca freorig,
nal+as foldan bl+ad.
<R 34>
Gemon he selesecgas ond sinc+tege, 
<P 135>
hu hine on geogu+de his
goldwine wenede to wiste.
<R 36>
Wyn eal gedreas.
<R 37>
For+ton wat se +te sceal his winedryhtnes leofes larcwidum
longe for+tolian, +donne sorg ond sl+ap somod
+atg+adre earmne anhogan oft gebinda+d.
<R 41>
+tince+d him on mode +t+at he his mondryhten clyppe ond cysse,
ond on cneo lecge honda ond heafod, swa 
he hwilum +ar in geardagum giefstolas breac.
<R 45>
+donne onw+acne+d eft wineleas guma, gesih+d him biforan
fealwe wegas, ba+tian brimfuglas, br+adan fe+tra,
hreosan hrim ond snaw, hagle gemenged.
<R 49>
+tonne beo+d +ty hefigran heortan benne, sare +after sw+asne.
<R 50>
Sorg bi+d geniwad, +tonne maga gemynd mod geondhweorfe+d;
grete+d gliwstafum, georne geondsceawa+d secga
geseldan.
<R 53>
Swimma+d [{eft{] on weg.
<R 54>
Fleotendra fer+d no +t+ar fela bringe+d cu+dra cwidegiedda.
<R 55>
Cearo bi+d geniwad +tam +te sendan sceal swi+te geneahhe ofer
wa+tema gebind werigne sefan.
<R 58>
For+ton ic ge+tencan ne m+ag geond +tas woruld for hwan
[{modsefa{] min ne gesweorce, +tonne ic eorla lif eal 
geond+tence, hu hi f+arlice flet ofgeafon, modge
magu+tegnas.
<R 62>
Swa +tes middangeard ealra dogra gehwam dreose+d ond fealle+t,
for+ton ne m+ag [{weor+tan{] wis wer, +ar he age 
wintra d+al in woruldrice.
<R 65>
Wita sceal ge+tyldig, ne sceal no to hatheort ne to
hr+adwyrde, ne to wac wiga ne to wanhydig, ne to 
forht ne to f+agen, ne to feohgifre ne n+afre gielpes to
georn, +ar he geare cunne.
<R 70>
Beorn sceal gebidan, +tonne he beot sprice+d, 
<P 136>
o+t+t+at
collenfer+d cunne gearwe hwider hre+tra gehygd hweorfan wille.
<R 73>
Ongietan sceal gleaw h+ale hu g+astlic bi+d, +tonne [{ealre{]
+tisse worulde wela weste stonde+d, swa nu missenlice 
geond +tisne middangeard winde biwaune weallas
stonda+t, hrime bihrorene, hry+dge +ta ederas.
<R 78>
Woria+d +ta winsalo, waldend licga+d dreame bidrorene, dugu+t
eal gecrong, wlonc bi wealle.
<R 80>
Sume wig fornom, ferede in for+dwege, sumne fugel o+tb+ar ofer
heanne holm, sumne se hara wulf dea+de ged+alde, 
sumne dreorighleor in eor+dscr+afe eorl gehydde.
<R 85>
Y+tde swa +tisne eardgeard +alda scyppend o+t+t+at burgwara
breahtma lease eald enta geweorc idlu stodon.
<R 88>
Se +tonne +tisne wealsteal wise ge+tohte ond +tis [{deorce{]
lif deope geond+tence+d, frod in fer+de, feor oft 
gemon w+alsleahta worn, ond +tas word acwi+d: Hw+ar cwom
mearg?
<R 92>
Hw+ar cwom mago?
Hw+ar cwom ma+t+tumgyfa?
<R 93>
Hw+ar cwom symbla gesetu?
Hw+ar sindon seledreamas?
<R 94>
Eala beorht bune.
Eala byrnwiga.
<R 95>
Eala +teodnes +trym.
Hu seo +trag gewat, genap under nihthelm, swa heo no w+are.
<R 97>
Stonde+d nu on laste leofre dugu+te weal wundrum heah,
wyrmlicum fah.
<R 99>
Eorlas fornoman asca +try+te, w+apen w+algifru, wyrd seo
m+are, ond +tas stanhleo+tu stormas cnyssa+d, hri+d
hreosende [{hrusan{] binde+d, wintres woma, +tonne won
cyme+d, nipe+d nihtscua, nor+tan onsende+d 
<P 137>
hreo h+aglfare h+ale+tum on andan.
<R 106>
Eall is earfo+dlic eor+tan rice, onwende+d wyrda gesceaft
weoruld under heofonum.
<R 108>
Her bi+d feoh l+ane, her bi+d freond l+ane, her bi+d mon
l+ane, her bi+d m+ag l+ane, eal +tis eor+tan gesteal 
idel weor+te+d.
<R 111>
Swa cw+a+d snottor on mode, ges+at him sundor +at rune.
<R 112>
Til bi+t se +te his treowe gehealde+t, ne sceal n+afre his
torn to rycene beorn of his breostum acy+tan,
nem+te he +ar +ta bote cunne, eorl mid elne gefremman.
<R 114>
Wel bi+d +tam +te him are sece+d, frofre to f+ader on
heofonum, +t+ar us eal seo f+astnung stonde+d.

<Q OX/3 XX XX SEAF>
<N SEAFARER>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.9^]
<P 143>
[} [\THE SEAFARER\] }]
<R 1>
M+ag ic be me sylfum so+dgied wrecan, si+tas secgan, hu ic
geswincdagum earfo+dhwile oft +trowade, bitre
breostceare gebiden h+abbe, gecunnad in ceole cearselda
fela, atol y+ta gewealc, +t+ar mec oft bigeat
nearo nihtwaco +at nacan stefnan, +tonne he be
clifum cnossa+d.
<R 8>
Calde ge+trungen w+aron mine fet, forste gebunden, caldum
clommum, +t+ar +ta ceare seofedun hat ymb heortan; 
hungor innan slat merewerges mod.
<R 12>
+t+at se mon ne wat +te him on foldan f+agrost limpe+d, hu ic
earmcearig iscealdne s+a winter wunade wr+accan 
lastum, winem+agum bidroren, bihongen hrimgicelum; h+agl
scurum fleag.
<R 18>
+t+ar ic ne gehyrde butan hlimman s+a, iscaldne w+ag.
<R 19>
Hwilum ylfete song dyde ic me to gomene, ganetes hleo+tor ond
huilpan sweg fore hleahtor wera, 
<P 144>
m+aw singende fore medodrince.
<R 23>
Stormas +t+ar stanclifu beotan, +t+ar him stearn oncw+a+d
isigfe+tera; ful oft +t+at earn bigeal, urigfe+tra;
[{ne{] +anig hleom+aga feasceaftig fer+d [{frefran{] meahte.
<R 27>
For+ton him gelyfe+d lyt, se +te ah lifes wyn gebiden in
burgum, bealosi+ta hwon, wlonc ond wingal, hu 
ic werig oft in brimlade bidan sceolde.
<R 31>
Nap nihtscua, nor+tan sniwde, hrim hrusan bond, h+agl feol on
eor+tan, corna caldast.
<R 33>
For+ton cnyssa+d nu heortan ge+tohtas, +t+at ic hean streamas,
sealty+ta gelac sylf cunnige; mona+d modes 
lust m+ala gehwylce fer+d to feran, +t+at ic feor heonan
el+teodigra eard gesece.
<R 39>
For+ton nis +t+as modwlonc mon ofer eor+tan, ne his gifena
+t+as god, ne in geogu+te to +t+as hw+at, ne in his 
d+adum to +t+as deor, ne him his dryhten to +t+as hold,
+t+at he a his s+afore sorge n+abbe, to hwon hine dryhten 
gedon wille.
<R 44>
Ne bi+t him to hearpan hyge ne to hring+tege, ne to wife wyn
ne to worulde hyht, ne ymbe owiht elles,
nefne ymb y+da gewealc, ac a hafa+d longunge se +te on lagu
funda+d.
<R 48>
Bearwas blostmum nima+d, byrig f+agria+d, wongas
[{wlitiga+d{] , woruld onette+d; ealle +ta gemonia+d modes 
fusne sefan to si+te, +tam +te swa +tence+d on flodwegas feor
[{gewitan{] .
<R 53>
Swylce geac mona+d geomran reorde, singe+d sumeres weard,
sorge beode+d bitter in breosthord.
<R 55>
+t+at se beorn ne wat, [{esteadig{] secg, hw+at +ta sume
dreoga+d 
<P 145>
+te +ta wr+aclastas widost lecga+d.
<R 58>
For+ton nu min hyge hweorfe+d ofer hre+terlocan, min modsefa
mid mereflode ofer hw+ales e+tel hweorfe+d wide, 
eor+tan sceatas, cyme+d eft to me gifre ond gr+adig,
gielle+d anfloga, hwete+d on [{hw+alweg{] hre+ter unwearnum 
ofer holma gelagu.
<R 64>
For+ton me hatran sind dryhtnes dreamas +tonne +tis deade lif,
l+ane on londe.
<R 66>
Ic gelyfe no +t+at him eor+dwelan ece [{stonda+d{] .
<R 68>
Simle +treora sum +tinga gehwylce, +ar his [{tid{] [{aga{] , to
tweon weor+te+d; adl o+t+te yldo o+t+te ecghete f+agum 
fromweardum feorh o+d+tringe+d.
<R 72>
For+ton +t+at [{bi+d{] eorla gehwam +aftercwe+tendra lof
lifgendra lastworda betst, +t+at he gewyrce, +ar he on
weg scyle, [{fremum{] on foldan wi+d feonda ni+t, deorum
d+adum deofle togeanes, +t+at hine +alda bearn +after 
hergen, ond his lof si+t+tan lifge mid englum awa to
ealdre, ecan lifes [{bl+ad{] , dream mid duge+tum.
<R 80>
Dagas sind gewitene, ealle onmedlan eor+tan rices; n+aron nu
cyningas ne caseras ne goldgiefan swylce
iu w+aron, +tonne hi m+ast mid him m+ar+ta gefremedon ond on
dryhtlicestum dome lifdon.
<R 86>
Gedroren is +teos dugu+d eal, dreamas sind gewitene, wunia+d
+ta wacran ond +tas woruld healda+t, bruca+d +turh bisgo.
<R 88>
Bl+ad is gehn+aged, eor+tan indryhto ealda+d ond seara+d, swa
nu monna gehwylc geond middangeard.
<R 91>
Yldo him on fare+d, onsyn blaca+d, 
<P 146>
gomelfeax gnorna+d, wat his
iuwine, +a+telinga bearn, eor+tan forgiefene.
<R 94>
Ne m+ag him +tonne se fl+aschoma, +tonne him +t+at feorg
losa+d, ne swete forswelgan ne sar gefelan, ne hond 
onhreran ne mid hyge +tencan.
<R 97>
+teah +te gr+af wille golde stregan bro+tor his geborenum,
byrgan be deadum, ma+tmum mislicum +t+at hine mid 
wille, ne m+ag +t+are sawle +te bi+t synna ful gold to
geoce for godes egsan, +tonne he hit +ar hyde+d +tenden 
he her leofa+d.
<R 103>
Micel bi+t se meotudes egsa, for+ton hi seo molde oncyrre+d;
se gesta+telade sti+te grundas, eor+tan sceatas ond uprodor.
<R 106>
Dol bi+t se +te him his dryhten ne ondr+ade+t; cyme+d him se
dea+d un+tinged.
Eadig bi+d se +te ea+tmod leofa+t; cyme+d him seo ar of
heofonum, meotod him +t+at mod gesta+tela+d, for+ton 
he in his meahte gelyfe+d.
<R 108>
Stieran mon sceal strongum [{mode{] , ond +t+at on sta+telum
healdan, ond gewis werum, wisum cl+ane, scyle 
monna gehwylc mid gemete healdan wi+t leofne ond wi+d la+tne
[{bealo{] , +teah +te he hine wille fyres fulne
[{o+t+te{] on b+ale forb+arnedne his geworhtne wine.
<R 115>
Wyrd bi+t [{swi+tre{] , meotud meahtigra +tonne +anges monnes
gehygd.
<R 117>
Uton we hycgan hw+ar [{we{] ham agen, ond +tonne ge+tencan hu
we +tider cumen, ond we +tonne eac tilien, +t+at 
we to moten in +ta ecan eadignesse, +t+ar is lif gelong in
lufan dryhtnes, 
<P 147>
hyht in heofonum.
<R 122>
+t+as sy +tam halgan +tonc, +t+at he usic geweor+tade, wuldres
ealdor, ece dryhten, in ealle tid.
<R 124>
Amen.

<Q OX/3 XX XX WIDS>
<N WIDSITH>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.11^]
<P 149>
[} [\WIDSITH\] }]
<R 1>
Widsi+d ma+dolade, wordhord onleac, se +te [{monna{] m+ast
[{m+ag+ta{] ofer eor+tan, folca geondferde; oft he [{on{]
flette ge+tah mynelicne ma+t+tum.
<R 4>
[{Him{] from Myrgingum +a+tele onwocon.
<R 5>
He mid Ealhhilde, f+alre freo+tuwebban, forman si+te
Hre+dcyninges ham gesohte eastan of Ongle, Eormanrices,
wra+tes w+arlogan.
<R 9>
Ongon +ta worn sprecan: Fela ic monna gefr+agn m+ag+tum
wealdan.
<R 11>
Sceal [{+teodna{] gehwylc +teawum lifgan, eorl +after o+trum
e+dle r+adan,
<P 150>
se +te his +teodenstol ge+teon wile.
<R 14>
+tara w+as [{Hwala{] hwile selast, ond Alexandreas ealra
ricost monna cynnes, ond he m+ast ge+tah +tara +te
ic ofer foldan gefr+agen h+abbe.
<R 18>
+atla weold Hunum, Eormanric Gotum, Becca Baningum, Burgendum
Gifica.
<R 20>
Casere weold Creacum ond [{C+alic{] Finnum, Hagena
[{Holmrygum{] ond [{Heoden{] Glommum.
<R 22>
Witta weold Sw+afum, Wada H+alsingum, Meaca Myrgingum,
Mearchealf Hundingum.
<R 24>
+teodric weold Froncum, +tyle Rondingum, Breoca Brondingum,
Billing Wernum.
<R 26>
Oswine weold Eowum ond Ytum Gefwulf, Fin Folcwalding Fresna
cynne.
<R 28>
Sigehere lengest S+adenum weold, Hn+af Hocingum, Helm
Wulfingum, Wald Woingum, Wod +tyringum, S+afer+d Sycgum,
Sweom Ongend+teow, Sceafthere Ymbrum, Sceafa
Longbeardum, Hun H+atwerum ond Holen Wrosnum.
<R 34>
Hringweald w+as haten Herefarena cyning.
<R 35>
Offa weold Ongle, Alewih Denum; se w+as +tara manna modgast
ealra, no hw+a+tre he ofer Offan eorlscype
fremede, ac Offa geslog +arest monna, cnihtwesende, cynerica
m+ast.
<R 40>
N+anig efeneald him eorlscype maran on orette.
<R 41>
Ane sweorde merce gem+arde wi+d Myrgingum bi Fifeldore;
heoldon for+d si+t+tan Engle ond Sw+afe, swa hit
Offa geslog.
<R 45>
Hro+twulf ond Hro+dgar heoldon lengest sibbe +atsomne
suhtorf+adran, si+t+tan hy forwr+acon wicinga cynn
<P 151>
ond Ingeldes ord forbigdan, forheowan +at Heorote Hea+dobeardna
+trym.
<R 50>
Swa ic geondferde fela fremdra londa geond ginne grund.
<R 51>
Godes ond yfles +t+ar ic cunnade cnosle bid+aled, freom+agum
feor folgade wide.
<R 54>
For+ton ic m+ag singan ond secgan spell, m+anan fore mengo in
meoduhealle hu me cynegode cystum dohten.
<R 57>
Ic w+as mid Hunum ond mid Hre+dgotum, mid Sweom ond mid Geatum
ond mid Su+tdenum.
<R 59>
Mid Wenlum ic w+as ond mid W+arnum ond mid wicingum.
<R 60>
Mid Gef+tum ic w+as ond mid Winedum ond mid Gefflegum.
<R 61>
Mid Englum ic w+as ond mid Sw+afum ond mid +anenum.
<R 62>
Mid Seaxum ic w+as ond Sycgum ond mid Sweordwerum.
<R 63>
Mid Hronum ic w+as ond mid Deanum ond mid Hea+toreamum.
<R 64>
Mid +tyringum ic w+as ond mid +trowendum, ond mid Burgendum,
+t+ar ic beag [{ge+tah{] ; me +t+ar Gu+dhere forgeaf
gl+adlicne ma+t+tum songes to leane.
<R 67>
N+as +t+at s+ane cyning.
<R 68>
Mid Froncum ic w+as ond mid Frysum ond mid Frumtingum.
<R 69>
Mid Rugum ic w+as ond mid Glommum ond mid Rumwalum.
<R 70>
Swylce ic w+as on Eatule mid +alfwine, se h+afde moncynnes,
mine gefr+age, leohteste hond lofes to wyrcenne,
heortan unhneaweste hringa gedales, beorhtra beaga,
bearn Eadwines.
<R 75>
Mid Sercingum ic w+as ond mid Seringum; mid Creacum ic w+as
ond mid Finnum ond mid Casere, se +te winburga geweald ahte,
<P 152>
[{wiolena{] ond wilna, ond Wala rices.
<R 79>
Mid Scottum ic w+as ond mid Peohtum ond mid Scridefinnum; mid
Lidwicingum ic w+as ond mid Leonum ond mid Longbeardum,
mid h+a+dnum ond mid h+ale+tum ond mid Hundingum.
<R 82>
Mid Israhelum ic w+as ond mid Exsyringum, mid Ebreum ond mid
Indeum ond mid Egyptum.
<R 84>
Mid Moidum ic w+as ond mid Persum ond mid Myrgingum, ond
Mofdingum ond ongend Myrgingum, ond mid Amothingum.
<R 86>
Mid East+tyringum ic w+as ond mid Eolum ond mid Istum ond
Idumingum.
<R 88>
Ond ic w+as mid Eormanrice ealle +trage, +t+ar me Gotena
cyning gode dohte.
<R 90>
Se me beag forgeaf, burgwarena fruma, on +tam siex hund w+as
sm+ates goldes, gescyred sceatta scillingrime.
<R 93>
+tone ic Eadgilse on +aht sealde, minum hleodryhtne, +ta ic to
ham bicwom, leofum to leane, +t+as +te he me lond forgeaf,
mines f+ader e+tel, frea Myrginga.
<R 97>
ond me +ta Ealhhild o+terne forgeaf, dryhtcwen dugu+te, dohtor
Eadwines.
<R 99>
Hyre lof lengde geond londa fela, +tonne ic be songe secgan
sceolde hw+ar ic under [{swegle{] selast wisse goldhrodene
cwen giefe bryttian.
<R 103>
[{+donne{] wit Scilling sciran reorde for uncrum sigedryhtne
song ahofan, hlude bi hearpan hleo+tor swinsade,
+tonne monige men, modum wlonce, wordum sprecan, +ta +te
wel cu+tan, +t+at hi n+afre song sellan ne hyrdon.
<R 109>
+donan ic ealne geondhwearf e+tel Gotena,
<P 153>
sohte ic a [{gesi+ta{] +ta selestan;
+t+at w+as innweorud Earmanrices.
<R 112>
He+dcan sohte ic ond Beadecan ond Herelingas, Emercan sohte ic
ond Fridlan ond Eastgotan, frodne ond
godne f+ader Unwenes.
<R 115>
Seccan sohte ic ond Beccan, Seafolan ond +teodric, Hea+toric
ond Sifecan, Hli+te ond Incgen+teow.
<R 117>
Eadwine sohte ic ond Elsan, +agelmund ond Hungar, ond +ta
wloncan gedryht Wi+tmyrginga.
<R 119>
Wulfhere sohte ic ond Wyrmhere; ful oft +t+ar wig ne al+ag,
+tonne Hr+ada here heardum sweordum ymb Wistlawudu
wergan sceoldon ealdne e+telstol +atlan leodum.
<R 123>
R+adhere sohte ic ond Rondhere, Rumstan ond Gislhere,
Wi+tergield ond Freo+teric, Wudgan ond Haman; ne
w+aran +t+at gesi+ta +ta s+amestan, +teah +te ic hy anihst
nemnan sceolde.
<R 127>
ful oft of +tam heape hwinende fleag giellende gar on grome
+teode; wr+accan +t+ar weoldan wundnan golde
werum ond wifum, wudga ond hama.
<R 131>
swa ic +t+at symle onfond on +t+are feringe, +t+at se bi+t
leofast londbuendum se +te him god syle+d gumena
rice to gehealdenne, +tenden he her leofa+d.
<R 135>
swa scri+tende gesceapum hweorfa+d gleomen gumena geond grunda
fela, +tearfe secga+d, +toncword spreca+t,
simle su+d o+t+te nor+d sumne gemeta+d gydda gleawne, geofum
unhneawne, se +te fore dugu+te wile dom ar+aran,
eorlscipe +afnan, o+t+t+at eal sc+ace+d, leoht ond lif
somod.
<R 142>
lof se gewyrce+d, hafa+d under heofonum heahf+astne dom.

<Q OX/3 XX XX FORT>
<N FORTUNES OF MEN>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.12^]
<P 154>
[} [\THE FORTUNES OF MEN\] }]
<R 1>
Ful oft +t+at gegonge+d, mid godes meahtum, +t+atte wer ond
wif in woruld cenna+d bearn mid gebyrdum ond
mid bleom gyrwa+d, tenna+t ond t+ata+t, o+t+t+at seo tid
cyme+d, geg+a+d gearrimum, +t+at +ta geongan leomu,
liff+astan leo+tu, geloden weor+ta+d.
<R 7>
Ferga+d swa ond fe+ta+d f+ader ond modor, giefa+d ond
gierwa+t.
<R 8>
God ana wat hw+at him weaxendum winter bringa+d.
<R 10>
Sumum +t+at gegonge+d on geogu+dfeore +t+at se endest+af
earfe+dm+acgum wealic weor+te+d.
<R 12>
Sceal hine wulf etan, har h+a+dstapa; hinsi+t +tonne modor
bimurne+d.
<R 14>
Ne bi+d swylc monnes geweald.
<R 15>
Sumne sceal hungor ahi+tan, sumne sceal hreoh fordrifan, sumne
sceal gar agetan, sumne gu+d abreotan.
<R 17>
Sum sceal leomena leas lifes neotan, folmum +atfeohtan, sum on
fe+de lef, seonobennum seoc, sar cwanian,
murnan meotudgesceaft mode gebysgad.
<R 21>
Sum sceal on holte of hean [{beame{] fi+terleas feallan; bi+d
on flihte se+teah, lace+d on lyfte, o+t+t+at lengre ne bi+d
westem wudubeames.
<R 24>
+tonne he on wyrtruman sige+d sworcenfer+d, sawle bireafod,
fealle+t on foldan, feor+d bi+t on si+te.
<R 27>
Sum sceal on fe+te on feorwegas nyde gongan ond his nest
beran, tredan uriglast el+teodigra, frecne foldan;
ah he feormendra lyt lifgendra, la+d bi+t +aghw+ar fore
his wonsceaftum wineleas h+ale.
<R 33>
Sum sceal on geapum galgan ridan, seomian +at swylte, o+t+t+at
sawlhord,
<P 155>
bancofa blodig, abrocen weor+te+d.
<R 36>
+t+ar him hrefn nime+t heafodsyne, slite+d salwigpad
sawelleasne; no+ter he +ty facne m+ag folmum biwergan,
la+tum lyftscea+tan, bi+t his lif sc+acen, ond he feleleas,
feores orwena, blac on beame bide+d wyrde,
bewegen w+almiste.
<R 42>
Bi+d him werig noma.
<R 43>
[{Sumne{] on b+ale sceal brond [{aswencan{] , fretan frecne
[{lif{] f+agne monnan; +t+ar him lifgedal lungre weor+de+d,
read re+te gled; reote+d meowle, seo hyre bearn gesih+d
brondas +teccan.
<R 48>
Sumum meces ecg on meodubence yrrum ealowosan ealdor
o+t+tringe+d, were winsadum; bi+d +ar his worda to
hr+ad.
<R 51>
Sum sceal on beore +turh byreles hond meodugal m+acga; +tonne
he gemet ne con gemearcian his mu+te mode
sine, ac sceal ful earmlice ealdre linnan, dreogan
dryhtenbealo dreamum biscyred, ond hine to sylfcwale secgas
nemna+d, m+ana+d mid mu+te meodugales gedrinc.
<R 58>
Sum sceal on geogu+te mid godes meahtum his earfo+dsi+t ealne
forspildan, ond on yldo eft eadig weor+tan,
wunian wyndagum ond welan +ticgan, ma+tmas ond meoduful
m+agburge on, +t+as +te +anig fira m+age [{for+d{] gehealdan.
<R 64>
Swa missenlice meahtig dryhten geond eor+tan sceat eallum
d+ale+d, scyre+t ond scrife+d ond gesceapo healde+d,
sumum eadwelan, sumum earfe+ta d+al, sumum geogo+te
gl+ad, sumum gu+te bl+ad, gewealdenne wigplegan,
sumum wyrp o+t+te scyte,
<P 156>
torhtlicne tiir, sumum t+afle cr+aft, bleobordes gebregd.
<R 71>
Sume boceras weor+ta+d wisf+aste.
<R 72>
Sumum wundorgiefe +turh goldsmi+te gearwad [{weor+ta+d{] ; ful
oft he gehyrde+d ond gehyrste+d wel, brytencyninges beorn,
ond he him brad syle+d lond to leane.
<R 76>
He hit on lust +tige+d.
<R 77>
Sum sceal on heape h+ale+tum cweman, blissian +at beore
bencsittendum; +t+ar bi+t drincendra dream se micla.
<R 80>
Sum sceal mid hearpan +at his hlafordes fotum sittan, feoh
+ticgan, ond a snellice snere wr+astan, l+atan scralletan
[{sceacol{] , se +te hleape+d, n+agl
[{neomegende{] ; bi+t him neod micel.
<R 85>
Sum sceal wildne fugel wloncne atemian, heafoc on honda,
o+t+t+at seo heoroswealwe wynsum weor+te+d; de+t
he wyrplas on, fede+t swa on feterum fi+trum dealne, lepe+t
lyftswiftne lytlum gieflum, o+t+t+at se w+alisca w+adum
ond d+adum his +atgiefan ea+dmod weor+te+d ond to
hagostealdes honda gel+ared.
<R 93>
Swa wr+atlice weoroda [{nergend{] geond middangeard monna
cr+aftas sceop ond scyrede ond gesceapo ferede
+aghwylcum on eor+tan eormencynnes.
<R 97>
For+ton him nu ealles +tonc +aghwa secge, +t+as +te he fore
his miltsum monnum scrife+d.

<Q OX/3 XX XX MAXI>
<N MAXIMS I>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.13^]
<P 156>
[} [\MAXIMS I\] }]
[} [\I\] }]
<R 1>
Frige mec frodum wordum.
<R 2>
Ne l+at +tinne fer+d onh+alne, degol +t+at +tu deopost cunne.
<R 3>
Nelle ic +te min dyrne gesecgan,
<P 157>
gif +tu me +tinne hygecr+aft
hylest ond +tine heortan ge+tohtas.
<R 5>
Gleawe men sceolon gieddum wrixlan.
God sceal mon +arest hergan f+agre, f+ader userne, for+ton +te
he us +at frym+te geteode lif ond l+anne willan:
he usic wile +tara leana gemonian.
<R 7>
Meotud sceal in wuldre, mon sceal on eor+tan geong ealdian.
<R 8>
God us ece bi+t, ne wenda+d hine wyrda ne hine wiht drece+t,
adl ne yldo +almihtigne; ne gomela+d he in
g+aste, ac he is gen swa he w+as, +teoden ge+tyldig.
<R 12>
He us ge+tonc syle+d, missenlicu mod, monge reorde.
<R 14>
Feorhcynna fela f+a+tme+t wide eglond monig.
<R 15>
Eardas rume meotud ar+arde for moncynne, +almihtig god,
efenfela bega +teoda ond +teawa.
<R 18>
+ting sceal gehegan frod wi+t frodne; bi+t hyra fer+d gelic,
hi a sace sema+t, sibbe gel+ara+d, +ta +ar wons+alge awegen
habba+d.
<R 22>
R+ad sceal mid snyttro, ryht mid wisum, til sceal mid tilum.
<R 23>
Tu beo+d gem+accan; sceal wif ond wer in woruld cennan bearn
mid gebyrdum.
<R 25>
Beam sceal on eor+dan leafum li+tan, leomu gnornian.
<R 27>
Fus sceal feran, f+age sweltan ond dogra gehwam ymb gedal
sacan middangeardes.
<R 29>
Meotud ana wat hw+ar se cwealm cyme+t, +te heonan of cy+t+te
gewite+t.
<R 31>
Umbor yce+d, +ta +aradl nime+d; +ty weor+te+d on foldan swa
fela fira cynnes, ne sy +t+as magutimbres gemet
ofer eor+tan, gif hi ne wanige se +tas woruld teode.
<R 35>
Dol bi+t se +te his dryhten nat, to +t+as oft cyme+d dea+d
un+tinged.
<R 36>
Snotre men sawlum beorga+d, healda+d hyra so+d mid ryhte.
<P 158>
<R 37>
Eadig bi+d se +te in his e+tle ge+tih+d, earm se him his frynd
geswica+d.
<R 38>
Nefre sceal se him his nest aspringe+d, [{nyde{] sceal +trage
gebunden.
<R 39>
Bli+te sceal bealoleas heorte.
Blind sceal his eagna +tolian, oftigen bi+t him torhtre
gesih+te.
<R 40>
Ne magon [{hi{] tunglu bewitian, swegltorht sunnan ne monan;
+t+at him bi+t sar in his mode, onge +tonne he hit ana wat,
ne wene+d +t+at him +t+as edhwyrft cyme.
<R 43>
Waldend him +t+at wite teode, se him m+ag wyrpe syllan, h+alo
of heofodgimme, gif he wat heortan cl+ane.
<R 45>
Lef mon l+aces behofa+d.
L+aran sceal mon geongne monnan, trymman ond tyhtan +t+at he
teala cunne, o+t+t+at hine mon atemedne h+abbe,
sylle him wist ond w+ado, o+t+t+at hine mon on gewitte al+ade.
<R 48>
Ne sceal hine mon cildgeongne forcwe+tan, +ar he hine acy+tan
mote; +ty sceal on +teode ge+teon, +t+at he wese 
+tristhycgende.
<R 50>
Styran sceal mon strongum mode.
Storm oft holm gebringe+t, geofen in grimmum s+alum; onginna+d
grome fundian fealwe on feorran to londe, hw+a+ter he f+aste
stonde.
<R 53>
Weallas him wi+tre healda+d, him bi+t wind gem+ane.
<R 54>
Swa bi+t s+a smilte, +tonne hy wind ne wece+d; swa beo+t
+teoda ge+tw+are, +tonne hy ge+tingad habba+d,
gesitta+d him on gesundum +tingum, ond +tonne mid gesi+tum
healda+t cene men gecynde rice.
<R 58>
Cyning bi+t anwealdes georn; la+d se +te londes mona+d, leof
se +te mare beode+d.
<R 60>
+trym sceal mid wlenco, +triste mid cenum, sceolun bu recene
beadwe fremman.
<P 159>
<R 62>
Eorl sceal on eos boge, [{eorod{] sceal getrume ridan, f+aste
fe+ta stondan.
<R 63>
F+amne +at hyre bordan gerise+d; widgongel wif word
gespringe+d, oft hy mon wommum bilih+d, h+ale+d hy
hospe m+ana+d, oft hyre hleor abreo+te+d.
<R 66>
Sceomiande man sceal in sceade hweorfan, scir in leohte
gerise+d.
<R 67>
Hond sceal heofod inwyrcan, hord in streonum bidan, gifstol
gegierwed stondan, hwonne hine guman ged+alen.
<R 69>
Gifre bi+t se +tam golde onfeh+d, guma +t+as on heahsetle
geneah; lean sceal, gif we leogan nella+d, +tam
+te us +tas lisse geteode.
[} [\II\] }]
<R 71>
Forst sceal freosan, fyr wudu meltan, eor+te growan, is
brycgian, w+ater helm wegan, wundrum lucan eor+tan ci+tas.
<R 74>
An sceal inbindan forstes fetre felameahtig god; winter sceal
geweorpan, weder eft cuman, sumor swegle hat, sund unstille.
<R 78>
Deop deada w+ag dyrne bi+d lengest; holen sceal in+aled, yrfe
ged+aled deades monnes.
<R 80>
Dom bi+t selast.
<R 81>
Cyning sceal mid ceape cwene gebicgan, bunum ond beagum; bu
sceolon +arest geofum god wesan.
<R 83>
Gu+d sceal in eorle, wig geweaxan, ond wif ge+teon [{leof{]
mid hyre leodum, leohtmod wesan, rune healdan,
rumheort beon mearum ond ma+tmum, meodor+adenne for
gesi+dm+agen symle +aghw+ar eodor [{+a+telinga{] +arest
gegretan, forman fulle to frean hond ricene ger+acan, ond him
r+ad witan
<P 160>
boldagendum b+am +atsomne.
<R 93>
Scip sceal gen+agled, scyld gebunden, leoht linden bord, leof
wilcuma Frysan wife, +tonne flota stonde+d;
bi+t his ceol cumen ond hyre ceorl to ham, agen +atgeofa,
ond heo hine in la+da+t, w+asce+d his warig hr+agl ond
him syle+t w+ade niwe, li+t him on londe +t+as his
lufu b+ade+d.
<R 100>
Wif sceal wi+t wer w+are gehealdan, oft hi mon wommum
[{belih+d{] fela bi+d f+asthydigra, fela bi+d 
[{fyrwetgeorna{] , freo+d hy fremde monnan, +tonne se
o+ter feor gewite+t.
<R 103>
Lida bi+t longe on si+te; a mon sceal se+teah leofes wenan,
gebidan +t+as he geb+adan ne m+ag.
<R 104>
Hwonne him eft gebyre weor+de, ham cyme+d, gif he hal leofa+d,
nefne him holm gestyre+d, mere hafa+d mundum m+ag+degsan wyn.
<R 107>
Ceapeadig mon cyningwic +tonne leodon cype+t, +tonne li+tan
cyme+d; wuda ond w+atres nytta+d, +tonne him bi+t wic
[{alyfed{] , mete byge+t, gif he maran +tearf, +ar+ton
he to me+te weor+te.
<R 111>
Seoc se bi+t +te to seldan iete+d; +teah hine mon on sunnan
l+ade, ne m+ag he be +ty wedre wesan, +teah hit
sy wearm on sumera, ofercumen bi+t he, +ar he acwele, gif he
nat hwa hine cwicne fede.
<R 114>
M+agen mon sceal mid mete fedan, mor+tor under eor+tan
befeolan, hinder under hrusan, +te hit forhelan
+tence+d; ne bi+t +t+at gedefe dea+t, +tonne hit gedyrned
weor+te+d.
<R 117>
Hean sceal gehnigan, [{hadl{] gesigan, ryht rogian.
<R 118>
R+ad bi+t nyttost, yfel unnyttost, +t+at unl+ad nime+d.
<P 161>
<R 120>
God bi+d genge, ond wi+t god lenge.
<R 121>
Hyge sceal gehealden, hond gewealden, seo sceal in eagan,
snyttro in breostum, +t+ar bi+d +t+as monnes modge+toncas.
<R 124>
mu+ta gehwylc mete +tearf, m+al sceolon tidum gongan.
<R 125>
Gold gerise+t on guman sweorde, sellic sigesceorp, sinc on
cwene, god scop gumum, garni+t werum, wig
towi+tre wicfreo+ta healdan.
<R 129>
Scyld sceal cempan, sceaft reafere, sceal bryde beag, bec
leornere, husl halgum men, h+a+tnum synne.
<R 132>
Woden worhte weos, wuldor alwalda, rume roderas; +t+at is rice
god, sylf so+dcyning, sawla nergend, se
us eal forgeaf +t+at we on lifga+t, ond eft +at +tam ende
eallum wealde+d monna cynne.
<R 137>
+t+at is meotud sylfa.
[} [\III\] }]
<R 138>
R+ad sceal mon secgan, rune writan, leo+t gesingan, [{lofes{]
gearnian, dom areccan, d+ages onettan.
<R 141>
Til mon tiles ond tomes meares, cu+tes ond gecostes ond
calcrondes; n+anig fira to fela gestryne+d.
<R 144>
Wel mon sceal wine healdan on wega gehwylcum; oft mon fere+d
feor bi tune, +t+ar him wat freond unwiotodne.
<R 146>
Wineleas, wons+alig mon genime+d him wulfas to geferan,
felaf+acne deor.
<R 147>
Ful oft hine se gefera slite+d; gryre sceal for greggum, gr+af
deadum men; hungre heofe+d, nales +t+at heafe bewinde+d,
ne huru w+al wepe+d wulf se gr+aga,
mor+torcwealm m+acga, ac hit a mare wille.
<R 152>
Wr+ad sceal wunden, wracu heardum men.
<P 162>
<R 153>
Boga sceal str+ale, sceal bam gelic mon to gem+accan.
<R 154>
Ma+t+tum o+tres weor+d, gold mon sceal gifan.
<R 155>
m+ag god syllan eadgum +ahte ond eft niman.
<R 157>
Sele sceal stondan, sylf ealdian.
<R 158>
Licgende beam l+asest growe+d.
<R 159>
Treo sceolon br+adan ond treow weaxan, sio geond bilwitra
breost arise+d.
<R 161>
W+arleas mon ond wonhydig, +atrenmod ond ungetreow, +t+as ne
gyme+d god.
<R 164>
Fela sceop meotud +t+as +te fyrn gewear+d, het si+t+tan swa
for+d wesan.
<R 165>
W+ara gehwylcum wislicu word gerisa+d, gleomen gied ond guman
snyttro.
<R 167>
Swa monige beo+t men ofer eor+tan, swa beo+t modge+toncas;
+alc him hafa+d sundorsefan.
<R 169>
Longa+d +tonne +ty l+as +te him con leo+ta worn, o+t+te mid
hondum con hearpan gretan; hafa+t him his gliwes
giefe, +te him god sealde.
<R 172>
Earm bi+t se +te sceal ana lifgan, wineleas wunian hafa+t him
wyrd geteod; betre him w+are +t+at he bro+tor ahte,
begen hi anes monnes, [{eorles{] eaforan w+aran, gif
hi sceoldan eofor onginnan o+t+te begen beran;
bi+t +t+at sli+thende deor.
<R 177>
A scyle +ta rincas ger+adan l+adan ond him +atsomne swefan;
n+afre hy mon [{tomlde{] , +ar hy dea+d tod+ale.
<R 181>
Hy twegen sceolon t+afle ymbsittan, +tenden him hyra torn
toglide, forgietan +tara geocran [{gesceafta{] ,
habban him gomen on borde;
<P 163>
idle hond +ametlan geneah t+afles
monnes, +tonne teoselum weorpe+d.
<R 184>
Seldan in sidum ceole, nefne he under segle yrne, werig
[{scealc{] wi+t winde rowe+t; ful oft mon wearnum tih+d 
eargne, +t+at he elne forleose, druga+d his ar on borde.
<R 187>
Lot sceal mid lyswe, list mid gedefum; +ty weor+te+d se stan
forstolen.
<R 189>
Oft hy wordum toweorpa+d, +ar hy bacum tobreden; geara is
hw+ar ar+ad.
<R 192>
Wear+d f+ah+to fyra cynne, si+t+tan fur+tum swealg eor+de
Abeles blode.
<R 193>
N+as +t+at and+age ni+d, of +tam wrohtdropan wide gesprungon,
micel mon +aldum, monegum +teodum bealoblonden ni+t.
<R 196>
Slog his [{bro+dor{] sw+asne Cain, +tone cwealm nerede; cu+t
w+as wide si+t+tan, +t+at ece ni+d +aldum scod, swa
a+tolwarum.
<R 199>
Drugon w+apna gewin wide geond eor+tan, ahogodan ond ahyrdon
heoro sli+tendne.
<R 201>
Gearo sceal gu+dbord, gar on sceafte, ecg on sweorde ond ord
spere, hyge heardum men.
<R 203>
Helm sceal cenum, ond a +t+as heanan hyge hord unginnost.

<Q OX/3 XX XX RIM>
<N RIMING POEM>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.15^]
<P 166>
[} [\THE RIMING POEM\] }]
<R 1>
Me lifes onlah se +tis leoht onwrah, ond +t+at torhte geteoh,
tillice onwrah.
<R 3>
Gl+ad w+as ic gliwum, glenged hiwum, blissa bleoum, blostma
hiwum.
<R 5>
Secgas mec segon, symbel ne alegon, [{feohgiefe{] gefegon;
fr+atwed [{w+agon{] [{wicg{] ofer wongum wennan gongum,
lisse mid longum leoma [{gehongum{] .
<P 167>
<R 9>
+ta w+as w+astmum aweaht, world onspreht, under roderum
areaht, r+adm+agne ofer+teaht.
<R 11>
Giestas gengdon, gerscype mengdon, lisse lengdon, lustum
glengdon.
<R 13>
Scrifen scrad glad +turh gescad in brad, w+as on lagustreame
lad, +t+ar me leo+tu ne biglad.
<R 15>
H+afde ic heanne had, ne w+as me in healle gad, +t+at +t+ar
rof weord rad.
<R 16>
Oft +t+ar rinc gebad, +t+at he in sele s+age sincgew+age,
+tegnum ge+tyhte.
<R 18>
+tenden w+as [{me{] m+agen, horsce mec heredon, hilde
generedon, f+agre feredon, feondon biweredon.
<R 21>
Swa mec hyhtgiefu heold, hygedryht befeold, sta+tol+ahtum
[{steold{] , stepegongum weold swylce eor+te ol,
ahte ic ealdorstol, galdorwordum gol.
<R 24>
[{Gomen{] sibbe ne ofoll, ac w+as gefest gear, gellende sner,
wuniendo w+ar wilbec besc+ar.
<R 27>
Scealcas w+aron scearpe, scyl w+as hearpe, hlude hlynede,
hleo+tor dynede, sweglrad swinsade, swi+te ne
minsade.
<R 30>
Burgsele beofode, beorht hlifade, ellen eacnade, ead beacnade,
freaum frodade, fromum godade, mod m+agnade, mine f+agnade,
treow telgade, tir welgade, bl+ad blissade,
gold gearwade, gim hwearfade, sinc
searwade, sib nearwade.
<R 38>
From ic w+as in fr+atwum, freolic in geatwum: w+as min dream
dryhtlic, drohta+d hyhtlic.
<R 40>
Foldan ic freo+tode, folcum ic leo+tode, lif w+as min longe,
leodum in gemonge, tirum getonge, teala gehonge.
<R 43>
Nu min hre+ter is hreoh, [{heofsi+tum{] sceoh,
<P 168>
nydbysgum neah; gewite+d nihtes in fleah se +ar in d+age w+as
dyre.
<R 45>
Scri+te+d nu deop in [{feore{] brondhord geblowen, breostum in
forgrowen, flyhtum toflowen.
<R 47>
Flah is geblowen miclum in gemynde; modes gecynde grete+d
ungrynde grorn efenpynde, bealofus byrne+d,
bittre toyrne+d.
<R 51>
Werig winne+d, widsi+d onginne+d, sar ne sinni+t, sorgum
cinni+d, bl+ad his blinni+d, blisse [{linni+d{] ,
listum linne+d, lustum ne tinne+d.
<R 55>
Dreamas swa her gedreosa+d, dryhtscype gehreosa+d, lif her men
forleosa+d, leahtras oft geceosa+d; treow+trag is to trag,
seo untrume genag, steapum eatole mis+tah, ond eal stund genag.
<R 59>
Swa nu world wende+t, wyrde sende+t, ond hetes hente+d,
h+ale+te scynde+d.
<R 61>
[{Wercyn{] gewite+d, w+algar slite+d, flahmah flite+t, flan
mon hwite+d, [{borgsorg{] bite+d, bald ald +twite+t,
wr+acf+ac wri+ta+d, wra+t a+d smite+t, [{singryn{] sida+d,
[{searofearo{] glide+t, gromtorn gr+afe+t, gr+aft [{hafa+d{] ,
searohwit sola+t, sumurhat cola+d, foldwela fealle+d,
feondscipe wealle+d, eor+dm+agen ealda+t, ellen cola+d.
<R 70>
Me +t+at wyrd gew+af, ond [{gewyrht{] forgeaf, +t+at ic grofe
gr+af, ond +t+at grimme gr+af flean fl+asce ne m+ag,
+tonne flanhred d+ag nydgrapum nime+t, +tonne seo [{neaht{]
becyme+d seo me e+dles [{ofonn{] ond mec her [{eardes{] onconn.
<R 75>
+tonne lichoma lige+d, lima wyrm frite+t, ac him wenne
gewige+d ond +ta wist ge+tyge+d, o+t+t+at beo+t +ta ban
[{an{] ,
<P 169>
ond +at nyhstan nan nefne se neda tan balawun her
[{gehloten{] .
<R 79>
Ne bi+t se hlisa adroren.
<R 80>
+ar +t+at eadig ge+tence+d, he hine +te oftor swence+d,
byrge+d him +ta bitran synne, hoga+t to +t+are betran wynne,
gemon mor+ta lisse, [{+t+ar{] sindon miltsa blisse
hyhtlice in heofona rice.
<R 83>
Uton nu halgum gelice scyldum biscyrede scyndan generede,
wommum biwerede, wuldre generede, +t+ar moncyn mot
for meotude rot so+dne god geseon, ond aa in sibbe
gefean.

<Q OX/3 XX XX PANTH>
<N PANTHER>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.16^]
<P 169>
[} [\THE PANTHER\] }]
<R 1>
Monge sindon geond middangeard unrimu cynn, +te we +a+telu ne
magon ryhte areccan ne rim witan; +t+as wide sind geond
[{world{] innan fugla ond deora foldhrerendra
wornas widsceope, swa w+ater bibuge+d +tisne
beorhtan bosm, brim grymetende, sealty+ta geswing.
<R 8>
We bi sumum hyrdon wr+atlice gecynd wildra secgan firum
fream+arne feorlondum on eard weardian, e+dles
neotan +after dunscrafum.
<R 12>
Is +t+at deor pandher bi noman haten, +t+at +te ni+t+ta
[{bearn{] , wisf+aste weras on gewritum [{cy+ta+d{] bi
+tam anstapan.
<R 15>
Se is [{+aghwam{] freond, dugu+da estig, butan dracan anum,
+tam he in ealle tid ondwra+d leofa+t +turh yfla
gehwylc +te he ge+afnan m+ag.
<R 19>
+d+at is wr+atlic deor, wundrum scyne hiwa gehwylces.
<R 20>
swa h+ale+d secga+d, g+asthalge guman, +t+atte Iosephes tunece
w+are telga gehwylces
<P 170>
bleom bregdende, +tara
beorhtra gehwylc +aghw+as +anlicra o+trum lixte dryhta
bearnum, swa +t+as deores hiw, bl+ac brigda gehw+as,
beorhtra ond scynra wundrum lixe+d, +t+atte wr+atlicra
+aghwylc o+trum, +anlicra gien ond f+agerra fr+atwum blice+d,
symle sellicra.
<R 30>
He hafa+d sundorgecynd, milde, gemetf+ast.
<R 31>
He is mon+tw+are, lufsum ond leoft+al, nele la+tes wiht
[{+angum{] ge+afnan butan +tam attorscea+tan, his fyrngeflitan,
+te ic +ar fore s+agde.
<R 35>
Symle fylle f+agen, +tonne foddor +tige+d, +after +tam
gereordum r+aste sece+d dygle stowe under dunscrafum;
+d+ar se [{+teodwiga{] +treonihta f+ac swife+d on swefote,
sl+ape [{gebiesgad{] .
<R 40>
+tonne ellenrof up astonde+d, +trymme [{gewelgad{] , on +tone
+triddan d+ag, sneome of sl+ape.
<R 42>
Sweghleo+tor cyme+d, wo+ta wynsumast +turh +t+as wildres mu+d.
<R 44>
+after +t+are stefne stenc ut cyme+d of +tam wongstede,
wynsumra steam, swettra ond swi+tra sw+acca gehwylcum,
wyrta blostmum ond wudubledum, eallum +a+telicra eor+tan
[{fr+atwum{] .
<R 49>
+tonne of ceastrum ond cynestolum ond of burgsalum beorn+treat
monig fara+d foldwegum folca +try+tum, eoredcystum,
ofestum gefysde, dare+dlacende; deor efne swa some
+after +t+are stefne on +tone stenc fara+d.
<R 55>
Swa is dryhten god, dreama r+adend, eallum ea+dmede o+trum
gesceaftum,
<P 171>
dugu+da gehwylcre, butan dracan anum, attres ordfruman.
<R 58>
+t+at is se ealda feond, +tone he ges+alde in susla grund, ond
gefetrade fyrnum teagum, bi+teahte +treanydum, ond
+ty +triddan d+age of digle aras, +t+as +te he dea+d
fore us +treo niht +tolade, +teoden engla, sigora sellend.
<R 64>
+t+at w+as swete stenc, wlitig ond wynsum geond woruld ealle.
<R 66>
Si+t+tan to +tam swicce so+df+aste men on healfa gehwone
heagum +trungon geond ealne ymbhwyrft eor+tan [{sceata{] .
<R 69>
Swa se snottra gecw+a+d sanctus Paulus: Monigfealde sind geond
middangeard god [{ungny+de{] +te us to giefe d+ale+d ond to
feorhnere f+ader +almihtig, ond se anga hyht ealra gesceafta,
uppe ge ni+tre.
<R 74>
+t+at is +a+tele stenc.

<Q OX/3 XX XX WHALE>
<N WHALE>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.17^]
<P 171>
[} [\THE WHALE\] }]
<R 1>
Nu ic fitte gen ymb fisca cynn wille wo+dcr+afte wordum cy+tan
+turh modgemynd bi +tam miclan hwale.
<R 4>
Se bi+d unwillum oft gemeted, frecne ond fer+dgrim,
fare+dlacendum, ni+t+ta gehwylcum; +tam is noma cenned,
fyrnstreama geflotan, Fastitocalon.
<R 8>
Is +t+as hiw gelic hreofum stane, swylce worie bi w+ades ofre,
sondbeorgum ymbseald, s+aryrica m+ast, swa +t+at wena+t
w+agli+tende +t+at hy on ealond sum eagum
wliten, ond +tonne gehyda+d heahstefn scipu
<P 172>
to +tam
unlonde oncyrrapum, setla+t s+amearas sundes +at ende, ond
+tonne in +t+at eglond up gewita+d collenfer+te.
<R 17>
ceolas stonda+d bi sta+te f+aste, streame biwunden.
<R 19>
+donne gewicia+d werigfer+de, faro+dlacende, frecnes ne
wena+d, on +tam ealonde +aled wecca+d, heahfyr +ala+d;
h+ale+t beo+t on wynnum, reonigmode, r+aste geliste.
<R 24>
+tonne gefele+d facnes cr+aftig +t+at him +ta ferend on f+aste
wunia+t, wic weardia+d wedres on luste, +donne
semninga on sealtne w+ag mid +ta no+te ni+ter gewite+t
garsecges g+ast, grund gesece+d, ond +tonne in dea+dsele
drence bif+aste+d scipu mid scealcum.
<R 31>
Swa bi+d scinna +teaw, deofla wise, +t+at hi drohtende +turh
dyrne meaht dugu+de beswica+d, ond on teosu tyhta+t tilra
d+ada, wema+d on willan, +t+at hy wra+te secen,
frofre to feondum, o+t+t+at hy f+aste +d+ar +at +tam
w+arlogan wic geceosa+d.
<R 38>
+tonne +t+at gecnawe+d of cwicsusle flah feond gemah, +t+atte
fira gehwylc h+ale+ta cynnes on his hringe bi+t f+aste
gefeged, he him feorgbona +turh sli+ten searo si+t+tan
weor+te+d, wloncum ond heanum, +te his willan her firenum
fremma+d, mid +tam he f+aringa, heolo+thelme bi+teaht,
helle sece+d, goda geasne, grundleasne wylm under mistglome,
swa se micla hw+al, se +te bisence+d
s+ali+tende eorlas ond y+dmearas.
<R 49>
He hafa+d o+tre gecynd,
<P 173>
w+ater+tisa wlonc, wr+atlicran gien.
<R 51>
+tonne hine on holme hungor bysga+d ond +tone agl+acan +ates
lyste+t, +donne se mereweard mu+d ontyne+d, wide weleras;
cyme+d wynsum stenc of his inno+te, +t+atte o+tre
+turh +tone, s+afisca cynn, beswicen weor+da+t,
swimma+d sundhwate +t+ar se sweta stenc ut [{gewite+d{] .
<R 58>
Hi +t+ar in fara+d unware weorude, o+t+t+at se wida ceafl
gefylled bi+d; +tonne f+aringa ymbe +ta herehu+te hlemme+d
tog+adre grimme goman.
<R 62>
Swa bi+t gumena gehwam, se +te oftost his unw+arlice on +tas
l+anan tid lif bisceawa+d, l+ate+d hine beswican +turh swetne
stenc, leasne willan, +t+at he bi+t leahtrum
fah wi+d wuldorcyning.
<R 67>
Him se awyrgda ongean +after hinsi+te helle ontyne+d, +tam +te
leaslice lices wynne ofer ferhtgereaht fremedon on unr+ad.
<R 71>
+tonne se f+acna in +tam f+astenne gebroht hafa+d, bealwes
cr+aftig, +at +tam edwylme +ta +te him on cleofia+d,
gyltum gehrodene, ond +ar georne his in hira lifdagum larum
hyrdon, +tonne he +ta grimman goman bihlemme+d +after
feorhcwale f+aste tog+adre, helle hlinduru.
<R 78>
nagon hwyrft ne swice, utsi+t +afre, +ta +t+ar in cuma+d,
+ton ma +te +ta fiscas fara+dlacende of +t+as hw+ales
fenge hweorfan motan.
<R 82>
For+ton is eallinga [{dryhtna{] [{dryhtne{] , ond a deoflum
wi+dsace wordum ond weorcum, +t+at we wuldorcyning
<P 174>
geseon moton.
<R 85>
Uton a sibbe to him on +tas hwilnan tid h+alu secan, +t+at we
mid swa leofne in lofe motan to widan feore wuldres neotan.

<Q OX/3 XX XX PART>
<N PARTRIDGE>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.18^]
<P 174>
[} [\THE PARTRIDGE\] }]
<R 1>
Hyrde ic secgan gen bi sumum fugle wundorlicne [{f+ager{] ,
+t+at word +te gecw+a+d wuldres ealdor: In swa hwylce tiid
swa ge mid treowe to me on hyge hweorfa+d, ond ge hellfirena
sweartra geswica+d, swa ic symle to eow mid siblufan sona
gecyrre +turh milde mod.
<R 9>
Ge beo+d me si+t+tan torhte tireadge talade ond rimde, beorhte
gebro+tor on bearna st+al.
<R 12>
Uton we +ty geornor gode oliccan, firene feogan, fri+tes
earnian, dugu+de to dryhtne, +tenden us d+ag scine,
+t+at swa +a+telne eardwica cyst in wuldres wlite wunian motan.
<R 16>
(\finit.\)

<Q OX/3 XX XX DEOR>
<N DEOR>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.20^]
<P 178>
[} [\DEOR\] }]
<R 1>
Welund him be wurman wr+aces cunnade, anhydig eorl earfo+ta
dreag, h+afde him to gesi+t+te sorge ond longa+t,
wintercealde wr+ace; wean oft onfond, si+t+tan hine
Ni+dhad on nede legde, swoncre seonobende on
syllan monn.
<R 7>
+t+as ofereode, +tisses swa m+ag.
<R 8>
Beadohilde ne w+as hyre bro+tra dea+t on sefan swa sar swa
hyre sylfre +ting, +t+at heo gearolice ongieten h+afde +t+at
heo eacen w+as; +afre ne meahte +triste
ge+tencan, hu ymb +t+at sceolde.
<R 13>
+t+as ofereode, +tisses swa m+ag.
<R 14>
We +t+at m+a+dhilde monge gefrugnon wurdon grundlease Geates
frige, +t+at hi seo sorglufu sl+ap ealle binom.
<R 17>
+t+as ofereode, +tisses swa m+ag.
<R 18>
+Deodric ahte +tritig wintra M+aringa burg; +t+at w+as monegum
cu+t.
<R 20>
+t+as ofereode, +tisses swa m+ag.
<R 21>
We geascodan Eormanrices wylfenne ge+toht; ahte wide folc
<P 179>
Gotena rices.
<R 23>
+t+at w+as grim cyning.
<R 24>
S+at secg monig sorgum gebunden, wean on wenan, wyscte
geneahhe +t+at +t+as cynerices ofercumen w+are.
<R 27>
+t+as ofereode, +tisses swa m+ag.
<R 28>
Site+d sorgcearig, s+alum bid+aled, on sefan sweorce+d, sylfum
+tince+d +t+at sy endeleas [{earfo+da{] d+al.
<R 31>
M+ag +tonne ge+tencan, +t+at geond +tas woruld witig dryhten
wende+t geneahhe, eorle monegum are gesceawa+d, wislicne bl+ad,
sumum weana d+al.
<R 35>
+t+at ic bi me sylfum secgan wille, +t+at ic hwile w+as
Heodeninga scop, dryhtne dyre.
<R 37>
Me w+as Deor noma.
<R 38>
Ahte ic fela wintra folga+d tilne, holdne hlaford, o+t+t+at
Heorrenda nu, leo+dcr+aftig monn londryht ge+tah,
+t+at me eorla hleo +ar gesealde.
<R 42>
+t+as ofereode, +tisses swa m+ag.

<Q OX/3 XX XX EADW>
<N WULF AND EADWACER>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.21^]
<P 179>
[} [\WULF AND EADWACER\] }]
<R 1>
Leodum is minum swylce him mon lac gife; willa+d hy hine
a+tecgan, gif he on +treat cyme+d.
<R 3>
Ungelic is us.
<R 4>
Wulf is on iege, ic on o+terre.
<R 5>
F+ast is +t+at eglond, fenne biworpen.
<R 6>
Sindon w+alreowe weras +t+ar on ige; willa+d hy hine a+tecgan,
gif he on +treat cyme+d.
<R 8>
Ungelice is us.
<R 9>
Wulfes ic mines widlastum wenum dogode; +tonne hit w+as renig
weder ond ic reotugu s+at, +tonne mec se
beaducafa bogum bilegde,
<P 180>
w+as me wyn to +ton, w+as me hw+a+tre
eac la+d.
<R 12>
Wulf, min Wulf, wena me +tine seoce gedydon, +tine seldcymas,
murnende mod, nales meteliste.
<R 16>
Gehyrest +tu, Eadwacer?
Uncerne earne hwelp bire+d wulf to wuda.
<R 18>
+t+at mon ea+te toslite+d +t+atte n+afre gesomnad w+as, uncer
giedd geador.

<Q OX/3 XX XX WIFEL>
<N WIFE LAMENT>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^A3.23^]
<P 210>
[} [\THE WIFE'S LAMENT\] }]
<R 1>
Ic +tis giedd wrece bi me ful geomorre, minre sylfre si+d.
<R 2>
Ic +t+at secgan m+ag, hw+at ic yrm+ta gebad, si+t+tan ic up
weox, niwes o+t+te ealdes, no ma +tonne nu.
<R 5>
A ic wite wonn minra wr+acsi+ta.
<R 6>
+arest min hlaford gewat heonan of leodum ofer y+ta gelac;
h+afde ic uhtceare hw+ar min leodfruma londes w+are.
<R 9>
+da ic me feran gewat folga+d secan, wineleas [{wr+acca{] , for
minre wea+tearfe.
<R 11>
Ongunnon +t+at +t+as monnes magas hycgan +turh dyrne ge+toht,
+t+at hy tod+alden unc, +t+at wit gewidost in woruldrice
lifdon la+dlicost, ond mec longade.
<R 15>
Het mec hlaford min herheard niman, ahte ic leofra lyt on
+tissum londstede, holdra freonda.
<R 17>
For+ton is min hyge geomor, +da ic me ful gem+acne monnan
funde, heards+aligne, hygegeomorne, mod mi+tendne,
mor+tor [{hycgendne{] .
<R 21>
Bli+te geb+aro ful oft wit beotedan +t+at unc ne ged+alde
nemne dea+d ana
<P 211>
owiht elles: eft is +t+at onhworfen,
is nu [{swa{] hit no w+are freondscipe uncer.
<R 25>
[{Sceal{] ic feor ge neah mines felaleofan f+ah+du dreogan.
<R 27>
Heht mec mon wunian on wuda bearwe, under actreo in +tam
eor+dscr+afe.
<R 29>
Eald is +tes eor+dsele, eal ic eom oflongad, sindon dena
dimme, duna uphea, bitre burgtunas, brerum beweaxne,
wic wynna leas.
<R 32>
Ful oft mec her wra+te begeat fromsi+t frean.
<R 33>
Frynd sind on eor+tan, leofe lifgende, leger weardia+d, +tonne
ic on uhtan ana gonge under actreo geond +tas eor+dscrafu.
<R 37>
+t+ar ic [{sittan{] mot sumorlangne d+ag, +t+ar ic wepan m+ag
mine wr+acsi+tas, earfo+ta fela; for+ton ic +afre ne m+ag
+t+are modceare minre gerestan, ne ealles +t+as
longa+tes +te mec on +tissum life begeat.
<R 42>
A scyle geong mon wesan geomormod, heard heortan ge+toht,
swylce habban sceal bli+te geb+aro, eac +ton
breostceare, sinsorgna gedreag, sy +at him sylfum gelong eal
his worulde wyn, sy ful wide fah feorres folclondes,
+t+at min freond site+d under stanhli+te storme
behrimed, wine werigmod, w+atre beflowen on dreorsele.
<R 50>
Dreoge+d se min wine micle modceare; he gemon to oft wynlicran
wic.
<R 52>
Wa bi+d +tam +te sceal of lango+te leofes abidan.



<B COBEOWUL>
<Q OX/3 XX XX BEOW>
<N BEOWULF>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  BEOWULF.
BEOWULF AND JUDITH.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, IV.
ED. E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1953.
PP. 3.1 - 98.3182^]
 
[^A4.1^]
<P 3>
[} [\BEOWULF\] }]
<R 1>
Hw+at.
We Gardena in geardagum, +teodcyninga, +trym gefrunon, hu +da 
+a+telingas ellen fremedon.
<R 4>
Oft Scyld Scefing [{scea+tena{] +treatum, monegum m+ag+tum,
meodosetla ofteah, egsode eorlas.
<R 6>
Sy+d+dan +arest [{wear+d{] feasceaft funden, he +t+as frofre
gebad, weox under wolcnum, weor+dmyndum +tah, o+d+t+at
him +aghwylc +tara ymbsittendra ofer hronrade hyran
scolde, gomban gyldan.
<R 11>
+t+at w+as god cyning.
<R 12>
+d+am eafera w+as +after cenned, geong in geardum, +tone god
sende folce to frofre; fyren+dearfe ongeat +te hie
+ar drugon [{aldorlease{] lange hwile.
<R 16>
Him +t+as liffrea, wuldres wealdend, woroldare forgeaf;
Beowulf w+as breme bl+ad wide [{sprang{] , Scyldes
eafera Scedelandum in.
<R 20>
Swa sceal [{geong{] [{guma{] gode gewyrcean, fromum feohgiftum
on f+ader [{bearme{] , +t+at hine on ylde eft gewunigen
wilgesi+tas, +tonne wig cume, leode gel+asten;
lofd+adum sceal in m+ag+ta gehw+are man ge+teon.
<R 26>
Him +da Scyld gewat to gesc+aphwile felahror feran on frean
w+are.
<R 28>
Hi hyne +ta +atb+aron to brimes faro+de, sw+ase gesi+tas, swa
he selfa b+ad,
<P 4>
+tenden wordum weold wine Scyldinga; leof landfruma lange ahte.
<R 32>
+t+ar +at hy+de stod hringedstefna, isig ond utfus,
+a+telinges f+ar.
<R 34>
Aledon +ta leofne +teoden, beaga bryttan, on bearm scipes,
m+arne be m+aste.
<R 36>
+t+ar w+as madma fela of feorwegum, fr+atwa, gel+aded; ne
hyrde ic cymlicor ceol gegyrwan hildew+apnum
ond hea+dow+adum, billum ond byrnum; him on bearme l+ag madma
m+anigo, +ta him mid scoldon on flodes +aht feor gewitan.
<R 43>
Nal+as hi hine l+assan lacum teodan, +teodgestreonum, +ton +ta
dydon +te hine +at frumsceafte for+d onsendon +anne
ofer y+de umborwesende.
<R 47>
+ta gyt hie him asetton segen [{geldenne{] heah ofer heafod,
leton holm [{beran{] , geafon on garsecg; him
w+as geomor sefa, murnende mod.
<R 50>
Men ne cunnon secgan to so+de, [{seler+adende{] , h+ale+d under
heofenum, hwa +t+am hl+aste onfeng.
<R 53>
+da w+as on burgum Beowulf Scyldinga, leof leodcyning, longe
+trage folcum gefr+age f+ader ellor hwearf,
aldor of earde, o+t+t+at him eft onwoc heah Healfdene; heold
+tenden lifde, gamol ond gu+dreouw, gl+ade
Scyldingas.
<R 59>
+d+am feower bearn for+d gerimed in worold wocun, weoroda
[{r+aswan{] , Heorogar ond Hro+dgar ond Halga til;
hyrde ic +t+at [{w+as{] Onelan cwen, Hea+doscilfingas
healsgebedda.
<R 64>
+ta w+as Hro+dgare heresped gyfen,
<P 5>
wiges weor+dmynd, +t+at him
his winemagas georne hyrdon, o+d+d +t+at seo geogo+d geweox,
magodriht micel.
<R 67>
Him on mod bearn +t+at healreced hatan wolde, [{medo+arn{]
micel, men gewyrcean [{+tonne{] yldo bearn +afre gefrunon,
ond +t+ar on innan eall ged+alan geongum ond ealdum,
swylc him god sealde, buton folcscare ond
feorum gumena.
<R 74>
+da ic wide gefr+agn weorc gebannan manigre m+ag+te geond
+tisne middangeard, folcstede fr+atwan.
<R 76>
Him on fyrste gelomp, +adre mid yldum, +t+at hit wear+d
ealgearo, heal+arna m+ast; scop him Heort naman se
+te his wordes geweald wide h+afde.
<R 80>
He beot ne aleh, beagas d+alde, sinc +at symle.
<R 81>
Sele hlifade, heah ond horngeap, hea+dowylma bad, la+dan
liges; ne w+as hit lenge +ta gen +t+at se [{ecghete{]
[{a+tumsweorum{] , +after w+alni+de w+acnan scolde.
<R 86>
+da se elleng+ast earfo+dlice +trage ge+tolode, se +te in
+tystrum bad, +t+at he dogora gehwam dream gehyrde
hludne in healle; +t+ar w+as hearpan sweg, swutol sang
scopes.
<R 90>
S+agde se +te cu+te frumsceaft fira feorran reccan, cw+a+d
+t+at se +almihtiga eor+dan [{worhte{] , wlitebeorhtne wang,
swa w+ater bebuge+d, gesette sigehre+tig sunnan ond
monan leoman to leohte landbuendum ond gefr+atwade
foldan sceatas leomum ond leafum, lif eac gesceop
cynna gehwylcum +tara +de cwice hwyrfa+t.
<P 6>
<R 99>
Swa +da drihtguman dreamum lifdon eadiglice, o+d+d+at an ongan
fyrene [{fremman{] feond on helle.
<R 102>
W+as se grimma g+ast Grendel haten, m+are mearcstapa, se +te
moras heold, fen ond f+asten; fifelcynnes eard wons+ali
wer weardode hwile, si+t+dan him scyppend
forscrifen h+afde in Caines cynne.
<R 107>
+tone cwealm gewr+ac ece drihten, +t+as +te he Abel slog; ne
gefeah he +t+are f+ah+de, ac he hine feor forwr+ac,
metod for +ty mane, mancynne fram.
<R 111>
+tanon untydras ealle onwocon, eotenas ond ylfe ond orcneas,
swylce [{gigantas{] , +ta wi+d gode wunnon lange +trage;
he him +d+as lean forgeald.
<R 115>
Gewat +da neosian, sy+t+dan niht becom, hean huses, hu hit
Hringdene +after beor+tege gebun h+afdon.
<R 118>
Fand +ta +d+ar inne +a+telinga gedriht swefan +after symble;
sorge nu cu+don, wonsceaft wera.
<R 120>
Wiht unh+alo, grim ond gr+adig, gearo sona w+as, reoc ond
re+te, ond on r+aste genam +tritig +tegna, +tanon
eft gewat hu+de hremig to ham faran, mid +t+are w+alfylle
wica neosan.
<R 126>
+da w+as on uhtan mid +ard+age Grendles gu+dcr+aft gumum
undyrne; +ta w+as +after wiste wop up ahafen, micel
morgensweg.
<R 129>
M+are +teoden, +a+teling +argod, unbli+de s+at, +tolode
+dry+dswy+d, +tegnsorge dreah, sy+d+tan hie +t+as la+dan
last sceawedon,
<P 7>
wergan gastes; w+as +t+at gewin to strang, la+d ond longsum.
<R 134>
N+as hit lengra fyrst, ac ymb ane niht eft gefremede
mor+dbeala mare ond no mearn fore, f+ah+de ond fyrene;
w+as to f+ast on +tam.
<R 138>
+ta w+as ea+dfynde +te him elles hw+ar gerumlicor r+aste
[{sohte{] , bed +after burum, +da him gebeacnod w+as,
ges+agd so+dlice sweotolan tacne heal+degnes hete; heold hyne
sy+d+tan fyr ond f+astor se +t+am feonde +atwand.
<R 144>
Swa rixode ond wi+d rihte wan, ana wi+d eallum, o+d+t+at idel
stod husa selest.
<R 146>
W+as seo hwil micel; XII wintra tid torn ge+tolode wine
[{Scyldinga{] , weana gehwelcne, sidra sorga.
<R 149>
For+dam [{secgum{] wear+d, ylda bearnum, undyrne cu+d, gyddum
geomore, +t+atte Grendel wan hwile wi+d Hro+tgar,
heteni+das w+ag, fyrene ond f+ah+de fela missera, singale
s+ace, sibbe ne wolde wi+d manna hwone m+agenes Deniga,
feorhbealo feorran, fea +tingian, ne +t+ar n+anig
witena wenan +torfte beorhtre bote to [{banan{]
folmum, [{ac{] [{se{] +agl+aca ehtende w+as, deorc
dea+tscua, dugu+te ond geogo+te, seomade ond syrede,
sinnihte heold mistige moras.
<R 162>
men ne cunnon hwyder helrunan hwyrftum scri+ta+d.
<R 164>
Swa fela fyrena feond mancynnes, atol angengea, oft gefremede,
heardra hyn+da.
<R 166>
Heorot eardode,
<P 8>
sincfage sel sweartum nihtum; no he +tone
gifstol gretan moste, ma+t+dum for metode, ne his myne wisse.
<R 170>
+t+at w+as wr+ac micel wine Scyldinga, modes brec+da.
<R 171>
Monig oft ges+at rice to rune; r+ad eahtedon hw+at
swi+dferh+dum selest w+are wi+d f+argryrum to gefremmanne.
<R 175>
Hwilum hie geheton +at [{h+argtrafum{] wigweor+tunga, wordum
b+adon +t+at him gastbona geoce gefremede wi+d
+teod+treaum.
<R 178>
Swylc w+as +teaw hyra, h+a+tenra hyht; helle gemundon in
modsefan, metod hie ne cu+ton, d+ada demend, ne
wiston hie drihten god, ne hie huru heofena helm herian ne
cu+ton, wuldres waldend.
<R 183>
Wa bi+d +t+am +de sceal +turh sli+dne ni+d sawle bescufan in
fyres f+a+tm, frofre ne wenan, wihte gewendan;
wel bi+d +t+am +te mot +after dea+dd+age drihten secean ond to
f+ader f+a+tmum freo+do wilnian.
<R 189>
Swa +da m+alceare maga Healfdenes singala sea+d, ne mihte
snotor h+ale+d wean onwendan; w+as +t+at gewin to
swy+d, la+t ond longsum, +te on +da leode becom, nydwracu
ni+tgrim, nihtbealwa m+ast.
<R 194>
+t+at fram ham gefr+agn Higelaces +tegn, god mid Geatum,
Grendles d+ada; se w+as moncynnes m+agenes strengest on
+t+am d+age +tysses lifes, +a+tele ond eacen.
<R 198>
Het him y+dlidan godne gegyrwan, cw+a+d, he gu+dcyning ofer
swanrade secean wolde,
<P 9>
m+arne +teoden, +ta him w+as manna +tearf.
<R 202>
+done si+df+at him snotere ceorlas lythwon logon, +teah he him
leof w+are; hwetton [{higerofne{] , h+al sceawedon.
<R 205>
H+afde se goda Geata leoda cempan gecorone +tara +te he
cenoste findan mihte; XVna sum sundwudu sohte;
secg wisade, lagucr+aftig mon, landgemyrcu.
<R 210>
Fyrst for+d gewat.
Flota w+as on y+dum, bat under beorge.
<R 211>
Beornas gearwe on stefn stigon; streamas wundon, sund wi+d
sande; secgas b+aron on bearm nacan beorhte fr+atwe,
gu+dsearo geatolic; guman ut scufon, weras on
wilsi+d, wudu bundenne.
<R 217>
Gewat +ta ofer w+agholm, winde gefysed, flota famiheals fugle
gelicost, o+d+t+at ymb antid o+tres dogores
wundenstefna gewaden h+afde +t+at +da li+dende land gesawon,
brimclifu blican, beorgas steape, side s+an+assas;
+ta w+as sund liden, eoletes +at ende.
<R 224>
+tanon up hra+de Wedera leode on wang stigon, s+awudu s+aldon
syrcan hrysedon, gu+dgew+ado, gode +tancedon
+t+as +te him y+tlade ea+de wurdon.
<R 229>
+ta of wealle geseah weard Scildinga, se +te holmclifu healdan
scolde, beran ofer bolcan beorhte randas, fyrdsearu fuslicu;
hine fyrwyt br+ac modgehygdum, hw+at +ta men w+aron.
<R 234>
Gewat him +ta to waro+de wicge ridan +tegn Hro+dgares,
+trymmum cwehte
<P 10>
m+agenwudu mundum, me+telwordum fr+agn: Hw+at syndon ge
searoh+abbendra, byrnum werede, +te +tus
brontne ceol ofer lagustr+ate l+adan cwomon,
hider ofer holmas?
<R 240>
[{le{] w+as endes+ata, +agwearde heold, +te on land Dena
la+dra n+anig mid scipherge sce+d+tan ne meahte.
<R 244>
No her cu+dlicor cuman ongunnon lindh+abbende; ne ge
leafnesword gu+dfremmendra gearwe ne wisson, maga
gemedu.
<R 247>
N+afre ic maran geseah eorla ofer eor+tan +donne is eower sum,
secg on searwum; nis +t+at seldguma, w+apnum geweor+dad,
[{n+afne{] him his wlite leoge, +anlic ansyn.
<R 251>
Nu ic eower sceal frumcyn witan, +ar ge fyr heonan ,
leassceaweras, on land Dena fur+tur feran.
<R 254>
Nu ge feorbuend, mereli+dende, [{minne{] gehyra+d anfealdne
ge+toht: Ofost is selest to gecy+danne hwanan
eowre cyme syndon.
<R 258>
Him se yldesta ondswarode, werodes wisa, wordhord onleac: We
synt gumcynnes Geata leode ond Higelaces heor+dgeneatas.
<R 262>
W+as min f+ader folcum gecy+ted, +a+tele ordfruma, Ecg+teow
haten.
<R 264>
Gebad wintra worn, +ar he on weg hwurfe, gamol of geardum;
hine gearwe geman witena welhwylc wide geond eor+tan.
<R 267>
We +turh holdne hige hlaford +tinne, sunu Healfdenes, secean
cwomon, leodgebyrgean; wes +tu us larena
god.
<R 270>
Habba+d we to +t+am m+aran micel +arende,
<P 11>
Deniga frean, ne sceal +t+ar dyrne sum wesan, +t+as ic wene.
<R 272>
+tu wast gif hit is swa we so+tlice secgan hyrdon +t+at mid
Scyldingum [{scea+dona{] ic nat hwylc, deogol d+adhata,
deorcum nihtum eawe+d +turh egsan uncu+dne ni+d,
hyn+du ond hrafyl.
<R 277>
Ic +t+as Hro+dgar m+ag +turh rumne sefan r+ad gel+aran, hu he
frod ond god feond oferswy+de+t, gyf him edwendan +afre
scolde bealuwa bisigu, bot eft cuman, ond +ta
cearwylmas colran wur+da+t; o+d+de a sy+t+dan
earfo+d+trage, +treanyd +tola+d, +tenden +t+ar wuna+d on
heahstede husa selest.
<R 286>
Weard ma+telode, +d+ar on wicge s+at, ombeht unforht:
+aghw+a+tres sceal scearp scyldwiga gescad witan,
worda ond worca, se +te wel +tence+d.
<R 290>
Ic +t+at gehyre, +t+at +tis is hold weorod frean Scyldinga.
<R 291>
Gewita+t for+d beran w+apen ond gew+adu; ic eow wisige.
<R 293>
Swylce ic magu+tegnas mine hate wi+d feonda gehwone flotan
eowerne, niwtyrwydne nacan on sande arum healdan,
o+t+d+at eft byre+d ofer lagustreamas leofne mannan
wudu wundenhals to Wedermearce, godfremmendra swylcum
gife+te bi+d +t+at +tone hilder+as hal gedige+d.
<R 301>
Gewiton him +ta feran.
Flota stille bad, seomode on [{sale{] sidf+a+tmed scip, on
ancre f+ast.
<R 303>
Eoforlic scionon ofer hleorberan gehroden golde, fah ond
fyrheard; ferhwearde heold gu+tmod [{grimmon{] .
<R 306>
Guman onetton,
<P 12>
sigon +atsomne, o+t+t+at hy [{s+al{] timbred,
geatolic ond goldfah, ongyton mihton; +t+at w+as
forem+arost foldbuendum receda under roderum, on +t+am se rica
bad; lixte se leoma ofer landa fela.
<R 312>
Him +ta hildedeor [{hof{] modigra torht get+ahte, +t+at hie
him to mihton gegnum gangan; gu+dbeorna sum wicg gewende,
word +after cw+a+d: M+al is me to feran; f+ader
alwalda mid arstafum eowic gehealde si+da gesunde.
<R 318>
Ic to s+a wille wi+d wra+d werod wearde healdan.
<R 320>
Str+at w+as stanfah, stig wisode gumum +atg+adere.
<R 321>
Gu+dbyrne scan heard hondlocen, hringiren scir song in
searwum, +ta hie to sele fur+dum in hyra gryregeatwum
gangan cwomon.
<R 325>
Setton s+ame+te side scyldas, rondas regnhearde, wi+d +t+as
recedes weal, bugon +ta to bence.
<R 327>
Byrnan hringdon, gu+dsearo gumena; garas stodon, s+amanna
searo, samod +atg+adere, +ascholt ufan gr+ag;
w+as se iren+treat w+apnum gewur+tad.
<R 331>
+ta +d+ar wlonc h+ale+d oretmecgas +after +a+telum fr+agn:
Hwanon ferigea+d ge f+atte scyldas, gr+age syrcan
ond grimhelmas, heresceafta heap?
<R 335>
Ic eom Hro+dgares ar ond ombiht.
<R 336>
Ne seah ic el+teodige +tus manige men modiglicran.
<R 338>
Wen ic +t+at ge for wlenco, nalles for wr+acsi+dum, ac for
[{hige+trymmum{] Hro+dgar sohton.
<R 340>
Him +ta ellenrof andswarode, wlanc Wedera leod, word +after
spr+ac,
<P 13>
heard under helme: We synt Higelaces beodgeneatas;
Beowulf is min nama.
<R 344>
Wille ic asecgan sunu Healfdenes, m+arum +teodne, min +arende,
aldre +tinum, gif he us geunnan wile +t+at
we hine swa godne gretan moton.
<R 348>
Wulfgar ma+telode +t+at w+as Wendla leod; w+as his modsefa
manegum gecy+ded, wig ond wisdom: Ic +t+as wine
Deniga, frean Scildinga, frinan wille, beaga bryttan, swa +tu
bena eart, +teoden m+arne, ymb +tinne si+d, ond +te +ta
ondsware +adre gecy+dan +de me se goda agifan +tence+d.
<R 356>
Hwearf +ta hr+adlice +t+ar Hro+dgar s+at eald ond [{anhar{]
mid his eorla gedriht; eode ellenrof, +t+at he for
eaxlum gestod Deniga frean; cu+te he dugu+de +teaw.
<R 360>
Wulfgar ma+delode to [{his{] winedrihtne: Her syndon geferede,
feorran cumene ofer geofenes begang Geata leode;
+tone yldestan oretmecgas Beowulf nemna+d.
<R 364>
Hy benan synt +t+at hie, +teoden min, wi+d +te moton wordum
wrixlan.
<R 366>
No +du him wearne geteoh +dinra gegncwida, gl+adman Hro+dgar.
<R 368>
Hy on wiggetawum wyr+de +tincea+d eorla ge+ahtlan; huru se
aldor deah, se +t+am hea+dorincum hider wisade.
<R 371>
Hro+dgar ma+telode, helm Scyldinga: Ic hine cu+de
cnihtwesende.
<R 373>
W+as his ealdf+ader Ecg+teo haten, +d+am to ham forgeaf
Hre+tel Geata angan dohtor; is his [{eafora{] nu
heard her cumen, sohte holdne wine.
<P 14>
<R 377>
+donne s+agdon +t+at s+ali+tende, +ta +de gifsceattas Geata
fyredon +tyder to +tance, +t+at he XXXtiges manna
m+agencr+aft on his mundgripe hea+torof h+abbe.
<R 381>
Hine halig god for arstafum us onsende, to Westdenum, +t+as ic
wen h+abbe, wi+d Grendles gryre.
<R 384>
Ic [{+t+am{] godan sceal for his mod+tr+ace madmas beodan.
<R 386>
Beo +du on ofeste, hat in gan seon sibbegedriht samod
+atg+adere; gesaga him eac wordum +t+at hie sint wilcuman
Deniga leodum.
<R 390>
[{word{] inne abead: Eow het secgan sigedrihten min, aldor
Eastdena, +t+at he eower +a+telu can, ond ge him syndon
ofer s+awylmas heardhicgende hider wilcuman.
<R 395>
Nu ge moton gangan in eowrum gu+dgeatawum under heregriman
Hro+dgar geseon; l+ata+d hildebord her onbidan, wudu,
w+alsceaftas, worda ge+tinges.
<R 399>
Aras +ta se rica, ymb hine rinc manig, +try+dlic +tegna heap;
sume +t+ar bidon, hea+doreaf heoldon, swa him se hearda bebead.
<R 402>
Snyredon +atsomne, +ta secg wisode, under Heorotes hrof
[{heard{] under helme, +t+at he on heo+de gestod.
<R 405>
Beowulf ma+delode on him byrne scan, [{searonet{] seowed
smi+tes or+tancum: W+as +tu, [{Hro+dgar{] , hal.
<R 407>
Ic eom Higelaces m+ag ond mago+degn; h+abbe ic m+ar+da fela
<P 15>
ongunnen on geogo+te.
<R 409>
Me wear+d Grendles +ting on minre e+teltyrf undyrne cu+d;
secga+d s+ali+dend +t+at +t+as sele stande, reced selesta,
rinca gehwylcum idel ond unnyt, si+d+dan +afenleoht
under heofenes hador beholen weor+te+d.
<R 415>
+ta me +t+at gel+ardon leode mine +ta selestan, snotere
ceorlas, +teoden Hro+dgar, +t+at ic +te sohte, for+tan
hie m+agenes cr+aft [{minne{] cu+ton, selfe ofersawon, +da ic
of searwum cwom, fah from feondum.
<R 420>
+t+ar ic fife geband, y+dde eotena cyn ond on y+dum slog
niceras nihtes, nearo+tearfe dreah, wr+ac [{Wedera{]
ni+d wean ahsodon, forgrand gramum, ond nu wi+d Grendel
sceal, wi+d +tam agl+acan, ana gehegan +ding wi+d +tyrse.
<R 426>
Ic +te nu +da, brego Beorhtdena, biddan wille, eodor
Scyldinga, anre bene, +t+at +du me ne forwyrne,
wigendra hleo, freowine folca, nu ic +tus feorran com,
+t+at ic mote ana [{ond{] minra eorla gedryht,
+tes hearda heap, Heorot f+alsian.
<R 433>
H+abbe ic eac geahsod +t+at se +agl+aca for his wonhydum
w+apna ne recce+d.
<R 435>
Ic +t+at +tonne forhicge swa me Higelac sie, min mondrihten,
modes bli+de, +t+at ic sweord bere o+t+de sidne scyld,
geolorand to gu+te, ac ic mid grape sceal fon wi+d
feonde ond ymb feorh sacan, la+d wi+d la+tum;
+d+ar gelyfan sceal dryhtnes dome se +te hine dea+d nime+d.
<R 442>
Wen ic +t+at he wille, gif he wealdan mot, in +t+am gu+dsele
Geotena leode etan unforhte, swa he oft dyde,
<P 16>
m+agen Hre+dmanna.
<R 445>
Na +tu minne +tearft hafalan hydan, ac he me habban wile
[{dreore{] fahne, gif mec dea+d nime+d.
<R 448>
Byre+d blodig w+al, byrgean +tence+d, ete+d angenga
unmurnlice, mearca+d morhopu; no +du ymb mines
ne +tearft lices feorme leng sorgian.
<R 452>
Onsend Higelace, gif mec hild nime, beaduscruda betst, +t+at
mine breost were+d, hr+agla selest; +t+at is
Hr+adlan laf, Welandes geweorc.
<R 455>
G+a+d a wyrd swa hio scel.
<R 456>
Hro+dgar ma+telode, helm Scyldinga: [{For{] [{gewyrhtum{] +tu,
wine min Beowulf, ond for arstafum usic sohtest.
<R 459>
Gesloh +tin f+ader f+ah+de m+aste; wear+t he Hea+tolafe to
handbonan mid Wilfingum; +da hine [{Wedera{] cyn for
herebrogan habban ne mihte.
<R 463>
+tanon he gesohte Su+ddena folc ofer y+da gewealc,
Arscyldinga.
<R 465>
+da ic fur+tum weold folce [{Deniga{] ond on geogo+de heold
[{ginne{] rice, hordburh h+ale+ta; +da w+as Heregar
dead, min yldra m+ag unlifigende, bearn Healfdenes; se w+as
betera +donne ic.
<R 470>
Si+d+dan +ta f+ah+de feo +tingode; sende ic Wylfingum ofer
w+ateres hrycg ealde madmas; he me a+tas swor.
<R 473>
Sorh is me to secganne on sefan minum gumena +angum hw+at me
Grendel hafa+d hyn+do on Heorote mid his hete+tancum,
f+arni+da gefremed.
<R 476>
Is min fletwerod, wigheap gewanod; hie wyrd forsweop on
Grendles gryre.
<R 478>
God ea+te m+ag +tone dolscea+dan d+ada getw+afan.
<P 17>
<R 480>
Ful oft gebeotedon beore druncne ofer ealow+age oretmecgas
+t+at hie in beorsele bidan woldon Grendles
gu+te mid gryrum ecga.
<R 484>
+donne w+as +teos medoheal on morgentid, drihtsele dreorfah,
+tonne d+ag lixte, eal benc+telu blode bestymed,
heall [{heorudreore{] ; ahte ic holdra +ty l+as, deorre
dugu+de, +te +ta dea+d fornam.
<R 489>
Site nu to symle ond ons+al meoto, sigehre+d secgum, swa +tin
sefa hwette.
<R 491>
+ta w+as Geatm+acgum geador +atsomne on beorsele benc gerymed;
+t+ar swi+dferh+te sittan eodon, +try+dum dealle.
<R 494>
+tegn nytte beheold, se +te on handa b+ar hroden ealow+age,
scencte scir wered.
<R 496>
Scop hwilum sang hador on Heorote.
<R 497>
+t+ar w+as h+ale+da dream, dugu+d unlytel Dena ond Wedera.
<R 499>
[{Unfer+d{] ma+telode, Ecglafes bearn, +te +at fotum s+at
frean Scyldinga, onband beadurune w+as him Beowulfes si+d,
modges merefaran, micel +af+tunca, for+ton +te he ne
u+te +t+at +anig o+der [{man{] +afre m+ar+da +ton ma
middangeardes gehedde under heofenum +tonne he sylfa: Eart +tu
se Beowulf, se +te wi+d Brecan wunne, on
sidne s+a ymb sund flite, +d+ar git for wlence wada cunnedon
ond for dolgilpe on deop w+ater aldrum ne+tdon?
<R 510>
Ne inc +anig mon, ne leof ne la+d, belean mihte sorhfullne
si+d, +ta git on sund reon.
<R 513>
+t+ar git eagorstream earmum +tehton,
<P 18>
m+aton merestr+ata, mundum brugdon, glidon ofer garsecg;
geofon y+tum weol, wintrys [{wylmum{] .
<R 516>
Git on w+ateres +aht seofon niht swuncon; he +te +at sunde
oferflat, h+afde mare m+agen.
<R 518>
+ta hine on morgentid on [{Hea+tor+amas{] holm up +atb+ar;
+donon he gesohte sw+asne (}e+tel}) , leof his leodum,
lond Brondinga, freo+doburh f+agere, +t+ar he folc ahte
burh ond beagas.
<R 523>
Beot eal wi+d +te sunu Beanstanes [{so+de{] gel+aste.
<R 525>
+donne wene ic to +te wyrsan ge+tingea, +deah +tu hea+dor+asa
gehw+ar dohte, grimre gu+de, gif +tu Grendles
dearst nihtlongne fyrst nean bidan.
<R 529>
Beowulf ma+telode, bearn Ecg+teowes: Hw+at.
<R 530>
+tu worn fela, wine min [{Unfer+d{] , beore druncen ymb Brecan
spr+ace, s+agdest from his si+de.
<R 532>
So+d ic talige, +t+at ic merestrengo maran ahte, earfe+to on
y+tum, +donne +anig o+ter man.
<R 535>
Wit +t+at gecw+adon cnihtwesende ond gebeotedon w+aron begen
+ta git on geogo+dfeore +t+at wit on garsecg
ut aldrum ne+ddon, ond +t+at ge+afndon swa.
<R 539>
H+afdon swurd nacod, +ta wit on sund reon, heard on handa; wit
unc wi+d hronfixas werian +tohton.
<R 541>
No he wiht fram me flody+tum feor fleotan meahte, hra+tor on
holme; no ic fram him wolde.
<R 544>
+da wit +atsomne on s+a w+aron fif nihta fyrst, o+t+t+at unc
flod todraf, wado weallende, wedera cealdost,
nipende niht, ond nor+tanwind hea+dogrim ondhwearf; hreo
w+aron y+ta.
<P 19>
<R 549>
W+as merefixa mod onhrered; +t+ar me wi+d la+dum licsyrce min,
heard, hondlocen, helpe gefremede, beadohr+agl broden
on breostum l+ag golde gegyrwed.
<R 553>
Me to grunde teah fah feondsca+da, f+aste h+afde grim on
grape; hw+a+tre me gyfe+te wear+d +t+at ic agl+acan
orde ger+ahte, hildebille; hea+tor+as fornam mihtig meredeor
+turh mine hand.
<R 559>
Swa mec gelome la+dgeteonan +treatedon +tearle.
<R 560>
Ic him +tenode deoran sweorde, swa hit gedefe w+as.
<R 562>
N+as hie +d+are fylle gefean h+afdon, manford+adlan, +t+at hie
me +tegon, symbel ymbs+aton s+agrunde neah; ac
on mergenne mecum wunde be y+dlafe uppe l+agon, [{sweordum{]
aswefede, +t+at sy+d+tan na ymb brontne ford brimli+dende
lade ne letton.
<R 569>
Leoht eastan com, beorht beacen godes; brimu swa+tredon, +t+at
ic s+an+assas geseon mihte, windige weallas.
<R 572>
Wyrd oft nere+d unf+agne eorl, +tonne his ellen deah.
<R 574>
Hw+a+tere me ges+alde +t+at ic mid sweorde ofsloh niceras
nigene.
<R 575>
No ic on niht gefr+agn under heofones hwealf heardran feohtan,
ne on egstreamum earmran mannon; hwa+tere ic fara feng
feore gedigde, si+tes werig.
<R 579>
+da mec s+a o+tb+ar, flod +after faro+de on Finna land,
[{wadu{] weallendu.
<R 581>
No ic wiht fram +te swylcra searoni+da secgan hyrde, billa
brogan.
<R 583>
Breca n+afre git +at hea+dolace, ne gehw+a+ter incer,
<P 20>
swa deorlice d+ad gefremede fagum sweordum no ic +t+as
[{fela{] gylpe, +teah +du +tinum bro+drum to banan wurde,
heafodm+agum; +t+as +tu in helle scealt werh+do dreogan,
+teah +tin [{wit{] [{duge{] .
<R 590>
Secge ic +te to so+de, sunu [{Ecglafes{] , +t+at n+afre
[{Grendel{] swa fela gryra gefremede, atol +agl+aca,
ealdre +tinum, hyn+do on Heorote, gif +tin hige w+are,
sefa swa searogrim, swa +tu self talast.
<R 595>
Ac he hafa+d onfunden +t+at he +ta f+ah+de ne +tearf, atole
ecg+tr+ace eower leode swi+de onsittan, Sigescyldinga;
nyme+d nydbade, n+anegum ara+d leode Deniga, ac he lust
wige+d, swefe+d ond sende+t, secce ne wene+t
to Gardenum.
<R 601>
Ac ic him Geata sceal eafo+d ond ellen ungeara nu, gu+te
gebeodan.
<R 603>
G+a+t eft se +te mot to medo modig, si+t+tan morgenleoht ofer
ylda bearn o+tres dogores, sunne sweglwered
su+tan scine+d.
<R 607>
+ta w+as on salum sinces brytta, gamolfeax ond gu+drof; geoce
gelyfde brego Beorhtdena, gehyrde on Beowulfe folces hyrde
f+astr+adne ge+toht.
<R 611>
+d+ar w+as h+ale+ta [{hleahtor{] , hlyn swynsode, word w+aron
wynsume.
<R 612>
Eode Wealh+teow for+d, cwen Hro+dgares, cynna gemyndig, grette
goldhroden guman on healle, ond +ta freolic wif ful gesealde
+arest Eastdena e+telwearde,
<P 21>
b+ad hine
bli+dne +at +t+are beor+tege, leodum leofne.
<R 618>
He on lust ge+teah symbel ond seleful, sigerof kyning.
<R 620>
Ymbeode +ta ides Helminga dugu+te ond geogo+te d+al
+aghwylcne, sincfato sealde, o+t+t+at s+al alamp +t+at
hio Beowulfe, beaghroden cwen mode ge+tungen, medoful +atb+ar;
grette Geata leod, gode +tancode wisf+ast wordum +t+as
+de hire se willa gelamp +t+at heo on +anigne eorl
gelyfde fyrena frofre.
<R 628>
He +t+at ful ge+teah, w+alreow wiga, +at Wealh+teon, ond +ta
gyddode gu+te gefysed; Beowulf ma+telode, bearn
Ecg+teowes: Ic +t+at hogode, +ta ic on holm gestah, s+abat
ges+at mid minra secga gedriht, +t+at ic anunga
eowra leoda willan geworhte o+t+de on w+al crunge,
feondgrapum f+ast.
<R 636>
Ic gefremman sceal eorlic ellen, o+t+de ended+ag on +tisse
meoduhealle minne gebidan.
<R 639>
+dam wife +ta word wel licodon, gilpcwide Geates; eode
goldhroden freolicu folccwen to hire [{frean{] sittan.
<R 642>
+ta w+as eft swa +ar inne on healle +try+dword sprecen, +deod
on s+alum, sigefolca sweg, o+t+t+at semninga sunu Healfdenes
secean wolde +afenr+aste; wiste +t+am ahl+acan
to +t+am heahsele hilde ge+tinged, si+d+dan hie
sunnan leoht geseon [{ne{] meahton, o+t+de nipende niht ofer
ealle, scaduhelma gesceapu scri+dan cwoman,
wan under wolcnum.
<R 651>
Werod eall aras.
<R 652>
[{Gegrette{] +ta guma o+terne,
<P 22>
Hro+dgar Beowulf, ond him h+al
abead, win+arnes geweald, ond +t+at word acw+a+d:
N+afre ic +anegum men +ar alyfde, si+t+dan ic hond ond rond
hebban mihte, +dry+t+arn Dena buton +te nu +da.
<R 658>
Hafa nu ond geheald husa selest, gemyne m+ar+to, m+agenellen
cy+d, waca wi+d wra+tum.
<R 660>
Ne bi+d +te wilna gad, gif +tu +t+at ellenweorc aldre
gedigest.
<R 662>
+da him Hro+tgar gewat mid his h+ale+ta gedryht, eodur
Scyldinga, ut of healle; wolde wigfruma Wealh+teo
secan, cwen to gebeddan.
<R 665>
H+afde kyningwuldor Grendle togeanes, swa guman gefrungon,
seleweard aseted; sundornytte beheold ymb
aldor Dena, eotonweard abead.
<R 669>
Huru Geata leod georne truwode modgan m+agnes, metodes hyldo.
<R 671>
+da he him of dyde isernbyrnan, helm of hafelan, sealde his
hyrsted sweord, irena cyst, ombiht+tegne,
ond gehealdan het hildegeatwe.
<R 675>
Gespr+ac +ta se goda gylpworda sum, Beowulf Geata, +ar he on
bed stige: No ic me an herew+asmun hnagran
talige, gu+tgeweorca, +tonne Grendel hine; for+tan ic hine
sweorde swebban nelle, aldre beneotan, +teah ic eal m+age.
<R 681>
Nat he +tara goda +t+at he me ongean slea, rand geheawe, +teah
+de he rof sie ni+tgeweorca; ac wit on niht sculon secge
ofersittan, gif [{he{] gesecean dear wig ofer w+apen,
ond si+t+dan witig god on swa hw+a+tere hond,
halig dryhten, m+ar+do deme, swa him gemet +tince.
<R 688>
Hylde hine +ta hea+todeor, hleorbolster onfeng
<P 23>
eorles andwlitan, ond hine ymb monig snellic s+arinc
selereste gebeah.
<R 691>
N+anig heora +tohte +t+at he +tanon scolde eft eardlufan +afre
gesecean, folc o+t+de freoburh, +t+ar he afeded w+as;
ac hie h+afdon gefrunen +t+at hie +ar to fela micles
in +t+am winsele w+aldea+d fornam, Denigea leode.
<R 696>
Ac him dryhten forgeaf wigspeda gewiofu, Wedera leodum, frofor
ond [{fultum{] , [{+t+at{] [{hie{] feond heora +durh anes
cr+aft ealle ofercomon, selfes mihtum.
<R 700>
So+d is gecy+ted +t+at mihtig god manna cynnes weold
[{wideferh+d{] .
<R 702>
Com on wanre niht scri+dan sceadugenga.
<R 703>
Sceotend sw+afon, +ta +t+at hornreced healdan scoldon, ealle
buton anum.
<R 705>
+t+at w+as yldum cu+t +t+at hie ne moste, +ta metod nolde, se
[{scynsca+ta{] under sceadu bregdan; ac he w+accende wra+tum
on andan bad bolgenmod beadwa ge+tinges.
<R 710>
+da com of more under misthleo+tum Grendel gongan, godes yrre
b+ar; mynte se mansca+da manna cynnes sumne [{besyrwan{]
in sele +tam hean.
<R 714>
Wod under [{wolcnum{] to +t+as +te he winreced, goldsele
gumena, gearwost wisse, f+attum fahne.
<R 716>
Ne w+as +t+at forma si+d +t+at he Hro+tgares ham gesohte;
n+afre he on aldordagum +ar [{ne{] si+t+dan
<P 24>
heardran h+ale, heal+degnas fand.
<R 719>
Com +ta to recede rinc si+dian, dreamum bed+aled.
<R 721>
Duru sona [{onarn{] , fyrbendum f+ast, sy+t+dan he hire folmum
[{+athran{] ; onbr+ad +ta bealohydig, +da [{he{] [{gebolgen{]
w+as, recedes mu+tan.
<R 724>
Ra+te +after +ton on fagne flor feond treddode, eode yrremod;
him of eagum stod ligge gelicost leoht unf+ager.
<R 728>
Geseah he in recede rinca manige, swefan sibbegedriht samod
+atg+adere, magorinca heap.
<R 730>
+ta his mod ahlog; mynte +t+at he ged+alde, +ar+ton d+ag
cwome, atol agl+aca, anra gehwylces lif wi+d lice,
+ta him alumpen w+as wistfylle wen.
<R 734>
Ne w+as [{+t+at{] wyrd +ta gen +t+at he ma moste manna cynnes
+dicgean ofer +ta niht.
<R 736>
+try+dswy+d beheold m+ag Higelaces, hu se mansca+da under
f+argripum gefaran wolde.
<R 739>
Ne +t+at se agl+aca yldan +tohte, ac he gefeng hra+de forman
si+de sl+apendne rinc, slat unwearnum, bat banlocan,
blod edrum dranc, synsn+adum swealh; sona h+afde
unlyfigendes eal gefeormod, fet ond folma.
<R 745>
For+d near +atstop, nam +ta mid handa hige+tihtigne rinc on
r+aste, r+ahte ongean feond mid folme; he onfeng
hra+te inwit+tancum ond wi+d earm ges+at.
<R 750>
Sona +t+at onfunde fyrena hyrde +t+at he ne mette
middangeardes,
<P 25>
eor+tan [{sceata{] , on elran men mundgripe maran.
<R 753>
He on mode wear+d forht on ferh+de; no +ty +ar fram meahte.
<R 755>
Hyge w+as him hinfus, wolde on heolster fleon, secan deofla
gedr+ag; ne w+as his drohto+d +t+ar swylce he
on ealderdagum +ar gemette.
<R 758>
Gemunde +ta se goda, m+ag Higelaces, +afenspr+ace, uplang
astod ond him f+aste wi+dfeng; fingras burston.
<R 761>
Eoten w+as utweard; eorl fur+tur stop.
<R 762>
Mynte se m+ara, [{+t+ar{] he meahte swa, widre gewindan ond on
weg +tanon fleon on fenhopu; wiste [{his{] fingra geweald
on grames grapum.
<R 765>
[{+t+at{] w+as geocor si+d +t+at se hearmsca+ta to Heorute
ateah.
<R 767>
Dryhtsele dynede; Denum eallum wear+d, ceasterbuendum, cenra
gehwylcum, eorlum ealuscerwen.
<R 769>
Yrre w+aron begen, re+te renweardas.
<R 770>
Reced hlynsode.
<R 771>
+ta w+as wundor micel +t+at se winsele wi+dh+afde
hea+todeorum, +t+at he on hrusan ne feol, f+ager foldbold;
ac he +t+as f+aste w+as innan ond utan irenbendum searo+toncum
besmi+tod.
<R 775>
+t+ar fram sylle abeag medubenc monig, mine gefr+age, golde
geregnad, +t+ar +ta graman wunnon.
<R 778>
+t+as ne wendon +ar witan Scyldinga +t+at hit a mid gemete
manna +anig, [{betlic{] ond banfag, tobrecan meahte,
listum tolucan, nym+te liges f+a+tm swulge on swa+tule.
<R 782>
Sweg up astag niwe geneahhe; Nor+ddenum stod
<P 26>
atelic egesa, anra gehwylcum +tara +te of wealle wop
gehyrdon, gryreleo+d galan godes ondsacan, sigeleasne sang,
sar wanigean helle h+afton.
<R 788>
Heold hine f+aste se +te manna w+as m+agene strengest on +t+am
d+age +tysses lifes.
<R 791>
Nolde eorla hleo +anige +tinga +tone cwealmcuman cwicne
forl+atan, ne his lifdagas leoda [{+anigum{] nytte
tealde.
<R 794>
+t+ar genehost br+agd eorl Beowulfes ealde lafe, wolde
freadrihtnes feorh ealgian, m+ares +teodnes, +d+ar
hie meahton swa.
<R 798>
Hie +t+at ne wiston, +ta hie gewin drugon, heardhicgende
hildemecgas, ond on healfa gehwone heawan +tohton,
sawle secan, +tone synsca+dan +anig ofer eor+tan irenna
cyst, gu+dbilla nan, gretan nolde, ac he sigew+apnum
forsworen h+afde, ecga gehwylcre.
<R 805>
Scolde his aldorgedal on +d+am d+age +tysses lifes earmlic
wur+dan, ond se ellorgast on feonda geweald feor si+dian.
<R 809>
+da +t+at onfunde se +te fela +aror modes myr+de manna cynne,
fyrene gefremede he [{w+as{] fag wi+d god, +t+at him se
lichoma l+astan [{nolde{] , ac hine se modega m+ag
Hygelaces h+afde be honda; w+as gehw+a+ter o+drum
lifigende la+d.
<R 815>
Licsar gebad atol +agl+aca; him on eaxle wear+d syndolh
sweotol, seonowe onsprungon,
<P 27>
burston banlocan.
<R 818>
Beowulfe wear+d gu+dhre+d gyfe+te; scolde Grendel +tonan
feorhseoc fleon under fenhleo+du, secean wynleas
wic; wiste +te geornor +t+at his aldres w+as ende gegongen,
dogera d+agrim.
<R 823>
Denum eallum wear+d +after +tam w+alr+ase willa gelumpen.
<R 825>
H+afde +ta gef+alsod se +te +ar feorran com, snotor ond
swy+dferh+d, sele Hro+dgares, genered wi+d ni+de;
nihtweorce gefeh, [{ellenm+ar+tum{] .
<R 828>
H+afde Eastdenum Geatmecga leod gilp gel+asted, swylce
oncy+t+de ealle gebette, inwidsorge, +te hie +ar
drugon ond for +treanydum +tolian scoldon, torn unlytel.
<R 833>
+t+at w+as tacen sweotol, sy+t+dan hildedeor hond alegde, earm
ond eaxle +t+ar w+as eal geador Grendles grape under geapne
[{hrof{] .
<R 837>
+da w+as on morgen mine gefr+age ymb +ta gifhealle gu+drinc
monig; ferdon folctogan feorran ond nean geond widwegas
wundor sceawian, la+tes lastas.
<R 841>
No his lifgedal sarlic +tuhte secga +anegum +tara +te
tirleases trode sceawode, hu he werigmod on weg +tanon,
ni+da ofercumen, on nicera mere f+age ond geflymed
feorhlastas b+ar.
<R 847>
+d+ar w+as on blode brim weallende, atol y+da geswing eal
gemenged haton heolfre, heorodreore weol.
<R 850>
Dea+df+age deog, si+d+dan dreama leas in fenfreo+do feorh
alegde, [{h+a+tene{] sawle; +t+ar him hel onfeng.
<R 853>
+tanon eft gewiton ealdgesi+das,
<P 28>
swylce geong manig of gomenwa+te fram mere modge
mearum ridan, beornas on blancum.
<R 856>
+d+ar w+as Beowulfes m+ar+do m+aned; monig oft gecw+a+d
+t+atte su+d ne nor+d be s+am tweonum ofer eormengrund
o+ter n+anig under swegles begong selra n+are rondh+abbendra,
rices wyr+dra.
<R 862>
Ne hie huru winedrihten wiht ne logon, gl+adne Hro+dgar, ac
+t+at w+as god cyning.
<R 864>
Hwilum hea+torofe hleapan leton, on geflit faran fealwe mearas
+d+ar him foldwegas f+agere +tuhton, cystum [{cu+de{] .
<R 867>
Hwilum cyninges +tegn, guma gilphl+aden, gidda gemyndig, se
+de ealfela ealdgesegena worn gemunde, word o+ter fand so+de
gebunden; secg eft ongan si+d Beowulfes snyttrum styrian
ond on sped wrecan spel gerade, wordum wrixlan.
<R 874>
Welhwylc gecw+a+d +t+at he fram [{Sigemundes{] secgan hyrde
ellend+adum, uncu+tes fela, W+alsinges gewin, wide si+das,
+tara +te gumena bearn gearwe ne wiston, f+ah+de ond
fyrena, buton Fitela mid hine, +tonne he swulces
hw+at secgan wolde, eam his nefan, swa hie a w+aron +at
ni+da gehwam nydgesteallan; h+afdon ealfela eotena
cynnes sweordum ges+aged.
<R 884>
Sigemunde gesprong +after dea+dd+age dom unlytel, sy+t+dan
wiges heard wyrm acwealde, hordes hyrde.
<R 887>
He under harne stan, +a+telinges bearn, ana gene+dde
<P 29>
frecne d+ade, ne w+as him Fitela mid.
<R 890>
hw+a+tre him ges+alde +d+at +t+at swurd +turhwod wr+atlicne
wyrm, +t+at hit on wealle +atstod, dryhtlic iren; draca
mor+dre swealt.
<R 893>
H+afde agl+aca elne gegongen +t+at he beahhordes brucan moste
selfes dome; s+abat gehleod, b+ar on bearm
scipes beorhte fr+atwa, W+alses eafera.
<R 897>
Wyrm hat gemealt.
<R 898>
Se w+as wreccena wide m+arost ofer wer+teode, wigendra hleo,
ellend+adum he +t+as +ar on+dah, si+d+dan Heremodes hild
swe+drode, [{eafo+d{] ond ellen.
<R 902>
He mid Eotenum wear+d on feonda geweald for+d forlacen, snude
forsended.
<R 904>
Hine sorhwylmas lemede to lange; he his leodum wear+d, eallum
+a+tellingum to aldorceare; swylce oft bemearn +arran m+alum
swi+dferh+tes si+d snotor ceorl monig, se +te him bealwa
to bote gelyfde, +t+at +t+at +deodnes bearn ge+teon scolde,
f+ader+a+telum onfon, folc gehealdan, hord ond hleoburh,
h+ale+ta rice, (}e+tel}) Scyldinga.
<R 913>
He +t+ar eallum wear+d, m+ag Higelaces, manna cynne, freondum
gef+agra; hine fyren onwod.
<R 916>
Hwilum flitende fealwe str+ate mearum m+aton.
<R 917>
+da w+as morgenleoht scofen ond scynded.
<R 918>
Eode scealc monig swi+dhicgende to sele +tam hean searowundor
seon; swylce self cyning of brydbure, beahhorda weard,
tryddode tirf+ast getrume micle, cystum
gecy+ted, ond his cwen mid him medostigge m+at
m+ag+ta hose.
<P 30>
<R 925>
Hro+dgar ma+telode he to healle geong, stod on stapole, geseah
steapne hrof, golde fahne, ond Grendles hond:
+disse ansyne alwealdan +tanc lungre gelimpe.
<R 929>
Fela ic la+tes gebad, grynna +at Grendle; a m+ag god wyrcan
wunder +after wundre, wuldres hyrde.
<R 932>
+d+at w+as ungeara +t+at ic +anigra me weana ne wende to widan
feore bote gebidan, +tonne blode fah husa selest heorodreorig
stod, wea widscofen witena [{gehwylcum{]
+dara +te ne wendon +t+at hie wideferh+d leoda
landgeweorc la+tum beweredon scuccum ond scinnum.
<R 939>
Nu scealc hafa+d +turh drihtnes miht d+ad gefremede +de we
ealle [{+ar{] ne meahton snyttrum besyrwan.
<R 942>
Hw+at, +t+at secgan m+ag efne swa hwylc m+ag+ta swa +done
magan cende +after gumcynnum, gyf heo gyt lyfa+d,
+t+at hyre ealdmetod este w+are bearngebyrdo.
<R 946>
Nu ic, Beowulf, +tec, secg betsta, [{me{] for sunu wylle
freogan on ferh+te; heald for+d tela niwe sibbe.
<R 949>
Ne bi+d +te [{n+anigra{] gad worolde wilna, +te ic geweald
h+abbe.
<R 951>
Ful oft ic for l+assan lean teohhode, hordweor+tunge hnahran
rince, s+amran +at s+acce.
<R 953>
+tu +te self hafast d+adum gefremed +t+at +tin [{dom{] lyfa+d
awa to aldre.
<R 955>
Alwalda +tec gode forgylde, swa he nu gyt dyde.
<R 957>
Beowulf ma+telode, bearn Ec+teowes: We +t+at ellenweorc estum
miclum, feohtan fremedon, frecne gene+ddon
<P 31>
eafo+d uncu+tes.
<R 960>
U+te ic swi+tor +t+at +du hine selfne geseon moste, feond on
fr+atewum fylwerigne.
<R 963>
Ic [{hine{] hr+adlice heardan clammum on w+albedde wri+tan
+tohte, +t+at he for [{mundgripe{] minum scolde licgean
lifbysig, butan his lic swice.
<R 967>
Ic hine ne mihte, +ta metod nolde, ganges getw+aman, no ic him
+t+as georne +atfealh, feorhgeni+dlan; w+as
to foremihtig feond on fe+te.
<R 970>
Hw+a+tere he his folme forlet to lifwra+te last weardian, earm
ond eaxle.
<R 972>
No +t+ar +anige swa +teah feasceaft guma frofre gebohte; no
+ty leng [{leofa+d{] la+dgeteona, synnum geswenced,
ac hyne sar hafa+d [{mid{] [{nydgripe{] nearwe befongen,
balwon bendum.
<R 977>
+d+ar abidan sceal maga mane fah miclan domes, hu him scir
metod scrifan wille.
<R 980>
+da w+as swigra secg, sunu Eclafes, on gylpspr+ace
gu+dgeweorca, si+t+dan +a+telingas eorles cr+afte ofer
heanne hrof hand sceawedon, feondes fingras.
<R 984>
Foran +aghwylc w+as, [{sti+dra{] n+agla gehwylc, style
gelicost, h+a+tenes handsporu [{hilderinces{] , egl, unheoru.
<R 987>
+aghwylc gecw+a+d +t+at him heardra nan hrinan wolde iren
+argod, +t+at +d+as ahl+acan blodge beadufolme onberan wolde.
<R 991>
+da w+as haten hre+te Heort innanweard folmum gefr+atwod.
<R 992>
Fela +t+ara w+as, wera ond wifa, +te +t+at winreced,
<P 32>
gestsele gyredon.
<R 994>
Goldfag scinon web +after wagum, wundorsiona fela secga
gehwylcum +tara +te on swylc stara+d.
<R 997>
W+as +t+at beorhte bold tobrocen swi+de, eal inneweard
irenbendum f+ast, heorras tohlidene.
<R 998>
Hrof ana gen+as, ealles ansund, +te se agl+aca, fyrend+adum
fag, on fleam gewand, aldres orwena.
<R 1002>
No +t+at y+de by+d to befleonne, fremme se +te wille, ac
[{gesecan{] sceal sawlberendra, nyde genydde, ni+t+da bearna,
grundbuendra gearwe stowe, +t+ar his lichoma
legerbedde f+ast swefe+t +after symle.
<R 1008>
+ta w+as s+al ond m+al +t+at to healle gang Healfdenes sunu;
wolde self cyning symbel +ticgan.
<R 1011>
Ne gefr+agen ic +ta m+ag+te maran weorode ymb hyra sincgyfan
sel geb+aran.
<R 1013>
Bugon +ta to bence bl+adagande, fylle gef+agon; f+agere
ge+t+agon medoful manig magas +tara [{swi+dhicgende{]
on sele +tam hean, Hro+dgar ond Hro+tulf.
<R 1017>
Heorot innan w+as freondum afylled; nalles facenstafas
+teodscyldingas +tenden fremedon.
<R 1020>
Forgeaf +ta Beowulfe [{bearn{] Healfdenes segen gyldenne
sigores to leane; hroden hildecumbor, helm ond
byrnan, m+are ma+d+tumsweord manige gesawon beforan beorn
beran.
<R 1024>
Beowulf ge+tah ful on flette; no he +t+are feohgyfte for
[{sceotendum{] scamigan +dorfte.
<R 1027>
Ne gefr+agn ic freondlicor feower madmas
<P 33>
golde gegyrede gummanna fela in ealobence o+drum gesellan.
<R 1030>
Ymb +t+as helmes hrof heafodbeorge wirum bewunden [{walu{]
utan heold, +t+at him fela laf frecne ne meahton scurheard
sce+t+dan, +tonne scyldfreca ongean gramum gangan scolde.
<R 1035>
Heht +da eorla hleo eahta mearas f+atedhleore on flet teon,
[{in{] under eoderas.
<R 1037>
+tara anum stod sadol searwum fah, since gewur+tad; +t+at w+as
hildesetl heahcyninges, +donne sweorda gelac sunu
Healfdenes efnan wolde.
<R 1041>
N+afre on ore l+ag widcu+tes wig, +donne walu feollon.
<R 1043>
Ond +da Beowulfe bega gehw+a+tres eodor Ingwina onweald
geteah, wicga ond w+apna, het hine wel brucan.
<R 1046>
Swa manlice m+are +teoden, hordweard h+ale+ta, hea+tor+asas
geald mearum ond madmum, swa hy n+afre man lyh+d,
se +te secgan wile so+d +after rihte.
<R 1050>
+da gyt +aghwylcum eorla drihten +tara +te mid Beowulfe
[{brimlade{] teah on +t+are medubence ma+t+dum gesealde,
yrfelafe, ond +tone +anne heht golde forgyldan, +tone +de
Grendel +ar mane acwealde, swa he hyra ma wolde,
nefne him witig god wyrd forstode ond +d+as mannes mod.
<R 1057>
Metod eallum weold gumena cynnes, swa he nu git de+d.
<R 1059>
For+tan bi+d andgit +aghw+ar selest, ferh+des fore+tanc.
<R 1060>
Fela sceal gebidan leofes ond la+tes se +te longe her on
+dyssum windagum worolde bruce+d.
<R 1063>
+t+ar w+as sang ond sweg samod +atg+adere
<P 34>
fore Healfdenes hildewisan, gomenwudu greted, gid oft wrecen,
+donne healgamen Hro+tgares scop +after medobence m+anan
scolde [{be{] Finnes eaferum, +da hie se f+ar begeat,
h+ale+d Healfdena, Hn+af Scyldinga, in Fresw+ale feallan
scolde.
<R 1071>
Ne huru Hildeburh herian +torfte Eotena treowe; unsynnum
wear+d beloren leofum +at +tam [{lindplegan{] , bearnum
ond bro+drum; hie on gebyrd hruron, gare wunde.
<R 1075>
+t+at w+as geomuru ides.
<R 1076>
Nalles holinga Hoces dohtor meotodsceaft bemearn, [{sy+t+dan{]
morgen com, +da heo under swegle geseon meahte mor+torbealo
maga, +t+ar heo +ar m+aste heold worolde wynne.
<R 1080>
Wig ealle fornam Finnes +tegnas nemne feaum anum, +t+at he ne
mehte on +t+am me+delstede wig Hengeste wiht gefeohtan,
ne +ta wealafe wige for+tringan +teodnes [{+degna{] .
<R 1085>
ac hig him ge+tingo budon, +t+at hie him o+der flet eal
gerymdon, healle ond heahsetl, +t+at hie healfre
geweald wi+d Eotena bearn agan moston, ond +at feohgyftum
Folcwaldan sunu dogra gehwylce Dene weor+tode,
Hengestes heap hringum wenede efne swa swi+de sincgestreonum
f+attan goldes, swa he Fresena cyn on beorsele byldan wolde.
<R 1095>
+da hie getruwedon on twa healfa
<P 35>
f+aste frio+duw+are.
<R 1096>
Fin Hengeste elne, unflitme a+dum benemde +t+at he +ta wealafe
weotena dome arum heolde, +t+at +d+ar +anig mon wordum
ne worcum w+are ne br+ace, ne +turh inwitsearo +afre
gem+anden +deah hie hira beaggyfan banan folgedon +deodenlease,
+ta him swa ge+tearfod w+as.
<R 1104>
gyf +tonne Frysna hwylc [{frecnan{] spr+ace +d+as mor+torhetes
myndgiend w+are, +tonne hit sweordes ecg [{se+dan{]
scolde.
<R 1107>
[{Ad{] w+as ge+afned ond icge gold ah+afen of horde.
<R 1108>
Herescyldinga betst beadorinca w+as on b+al gearu.
<R 1110>
+at +t+am ade w+as e+tgesyne swatfah syrce, swyn ealgylden,
eofer irenheard, +a+teling manig wundum awyrded;
sume on w+ale crungon.
<R 1114>
Het +da Hildeburh +at Hn+afes ade hire selfre sunu sweolo+de
bef+astan, banfatu b+arnan ond on b+al don [{eame{] on eaxle.
<R 1117>
Ides gnornode, geomrode giddum.
<R 1118>
Gu+drinc astah.
<R 1119>
Wand to wolcnum w+alfyra m+ast, hlynode for hlawe; hafelan
multon, bengeato burston, +donne blod +atspranc,
la+dbite lices.
<R 1122>
Lig ealle forswealg, g+asta gifrost, +tara +de +t+ar gu+d
fornam bega folces; w+as hira bl+ad scacen.
<R 1125>
Gewiton him +da wigend wica neosian, freondum befeallen,
Frysland geseon, hamas ond heaburh.
<R 1127>
Hengest +da gyt w+alfagne winter wunode mid Finne [{eal{]
unhlitme.
<R 1129>
Eard gemunde,
<P 36>
+teah +te he [{ne{] meahte on mere drifan
hringedstefnan; holm storme weol, won wi+d winde,
winter y+te beleac isgebinde, o+t+d+at o+ter com gear in
geardas, swa nu gyt de+d, +ta +de syngales sele
[{bewitia+d{] , wuldortorhtan weder.
<R 1136>
+da w+as winter scacen, f+ager foldan bearm.
<R 1137>
Fundode wrecca, gist of geardum; he to gyrnwr+ace swi+dor
+tohte +tonne to s+alade, gif he torngemot +turhteon
mihte +t+at he Eotena bearn inne gemunde.
<R 1142>
Swa he ne forwyrnde woroldr+adenne, +tonne him Hunlafing
hildeleoman, billa selest, on bearm dyde,
+t+as w+aron mid Eotenum ecge cu+de.
<R 1146>
Swylce ferh+dfrecan Fin eft begeat sweordbealo sli+den +at his
selfes ham, si+t+dan grimne gripe Gu+dlaf
ond Oslaf +after s+asi+de, sorge, m+andon, +atwiton weana
d+al; ne meahte w+afre mod forhabban in hre+tre.
<R 1151>
+da w+as heal [{roden{] feonda feorum, swilce Fin sl+agen,
cyning on cor+tre, ond seo cwen numen.
<R 1154>
Sceotend Scyldinga to scypon feredon eal ingesteald
eor+dcyninges, swylce hie +at Finnes ham findan meahton sigla,
searogimma.
<R 1157>
Hie on s+alade drihtlice wif to Denum feredon, l+addon to
leodum.
<R 1159>
Leo+d w+as asungen, gleomannes gyd.
<R 1160>
Gamen eft astah, beorhtode bencsweg; byrelas sealdon win of
wunderfatum.
<R 1162>
+ta cwom Wealh+teo for+d gan under gyldnum beage, +t+ar +ta
godan twegen s+aton suhtergef+aderan; +ta gyt w+as hiera
sib +atg+adere, +aghwylc o+drum trywe.
<R 1165>
Swylce +t+ar Unfer+t +tyle
<P 37>
+at fotum s+at frean Scyldinga;
gehwylc hiora his ferh+te treowde, +t+at he h+afde
mod micel, +teah +te he his magum n+are arf+ast +at ecga
gelacum.
<R 1168>
Spr+ac +da ides Scyldinga: Onfoh +tissum fulle, freodrihten
min, sinces brytta.
<R 1170>
+tu on s+alum wes, goldwine gumena, ond to Geatum spr+ac
mildum wordum, swa sceal man don.
<R 1173>
Beo wi+d Geatas gl+ad, geofena gemyndig, nean ond feorran +tu
nu hafast.
<R 1175>
Me man s+agde +t+at +tu +de for sunu wolde [{hererinc{]
habban.
<R 1176>
Heorot is gef+alsod, beahsele beorhta; bruc +tenden +tu mote
manigra medo, ond +tinum magum l+af folc ond rice,
+tonne +du for+d scyle metodsceaft seon.
<R 1180>
Ic minne can gl+adne Hro+tulf, +t+at he +ta geogo+de wile arum
healdan, gyf +tu +ar [{+tonne{] he, wine Scildinga,
worold ofl+atest; wene ic +t+at he mid gode gyldan wille
uncran eaferan, gif he +t+at eal gemon, hw+at wit to willan
ond to wor+dmyndum umborwesendum +ar arna gefremedon.
<R 1188>
Hwearf +ta bi bence +t+ar hyre byre w+aron, Hre+dric ond
Hro+dmund, ond h+ale+ta bearn, giogo+d +atg+adere;
+t+ar se goda s+at, Beowulf Geata, be +t+am gebro+drum tw+am.
<R 1192>
Him w+as ful boren ond freondla+tu wordum bew+agned, ond
wunden gold estum geeawed, earmreade twa, hr+agl ond hringas,
healsbeaga m+ast +tara +te ic on foldan gefr+agen h+abbe.
<R 1197>
N+anigne ic under swegle selran hyrde hordma+d+dum h+ale+ta,
sy+t+dan Hama +atw+ag to [{+t+are{] byrhtan byrig
Brosinga mene,
<P 38>
sigle ond sincf+at; searoni+das [{fleah{]
Eormenrices, geceas ecne r+ad.
<R 1202>
+tone hring h+afde Higelac Geata, nefa Swertinges, nyhstan
si+de, si+d+tan he under segne sinc ealgode,
w+alreaf werede; hyne wyrd fornam, sy+t+dan he for wlenco wean
ahsode, f+ah+de to Frysum.
<R 1207>
He +ta fr+atwe w+ag, eorclanstanas ofer y+da ful, rice
+teoden; he under rande gecranc.
<R 1210>
Gehwearf +ta in Francna f+a+tm feorh cyninges, breostgew+adu
ond se beah somod; wyrsan wigfrecan w+al [{reafedon{]
+after gu+dsceare, Geata leode, hreawic heoldon.
<R 1214>
Heal swege onfeng.
<R 1215>
Wealh+deo ma+telode, heo fore +t+am werede spr+ac: Bruc
+disses beages, Beowulf leofa, hyse, mid h+ale,
ond +tisses hr+agles neot, [{+teodgestreona{] ,
ond ge+teoh tela, cen +tec mid cr+afte ond +tyssum cnyhtum
wes lara li+de; ic +te +t+as lean geman.
<R 1221>
[{Hafast{] +tu gefered +t+at +de feor ond neah ealne
wideferh+t weras ehtiga+d, efne swa side swa s+a
[{bebuge+d{] , windgeard, weallas.
<R 1224>
Wes +tenden +tu lifige, +a+teling, eadig.
<R 1225>
Ic +te an tela sincgestreona.
<R 1226>
Beo +tu suna minum d+adum gedefe, dreamhealdende.
<R 1228>
Her is +aghwylc eorl o+trum getrywe, modes milde, mandrihtne
[{hold{] ; +tegnas syndon ge+tw+are, +teod ealgearo
druncne dryhtguman do+d swa ic bidde.
<P 39>
<R 1232>
Eode +ta to setle.
+t+ar w+as symbla cyst; druncon win weras.
<R 1233>
Wyrd ne cu+ton, geosceaft [{grimme{] , swa hit agangen wear+d
eorla manegum, sy+t+dan +afen cwom ond him Hro+tgar
gewat to hofe sinum, rice to r+aste.
<R 1237>
Reced weardode unrim eorla, swa hie oft +ar dydon.
<R 1239>
Benc+telu beredon; hit geondbr+aded wear+d beddum ond
bolstrum.
<R 1240>
Beorscealca sum fus ond f+age fletr+aste gebeag.
<R 1242>
Setton him to heafdon hilderandas, bordwudu beorhtan; +t+ar on
bence w+as ofer +a+telinge y+tgesene hea+tosteapa helm,
hringed byrne, +trecwudu +trymlic.
<R 1246>
W+as [{+teaw{] hyra +t+at hie oft w+aron an wig gearwe, ge +at
ham ge on herge, ge gehw+a+ter +tara, efne swylce m+ala
swylce hira mandryhtne +tearf ges+alde; w+as seo +teod
tilu.
<R 1251>
Sigon +ta to sl+ape.
Sum sare angeald +afenr+aste, swa him ful oft gelamp, si+t+dan
goldsele Grendel warode, unriht +afnde, o+t+t+at ende becwom,
swylt +after synnum.
<R 1255>
+t+at gesyne wear+t, widcu+t werum, +t+atte wrecend +ta gyt
lifde +after la+tum, lange +trage, +after gu+dceare.
<R 1258>
Grendles modor, ides, agl+acwif, yrm+te gemunde, se +te
w+ateregesan wunian scolde, cealde streamas, si+t+dan [{Cain{]
wear+d to ecgbanan angan bre+ter, f+aderenm+age;
he +ta fag gewat, mor+tre gemearcod, mandream
fleon, westen warode.
<R 1265>
+tanon [{woc{] fela
<P 40>
geosceaftgasta; w+as +t+ara Grendel sum,
heorowearh hetelic, se +at Heorote fand w+accendne wer
wiges bidan.
<R 1269>
+t+ar him agl+aca +atgr+ape wear+d; hw+a+tre he gemunde
m+agenes strenge, gimf+aste gife +de him god sealde,
ond him to anwaldan are gelyfde, frofre ond fultum; +dy he
+tone feond ofercwom, gehn+agde helle gast.
<R 1274>
+ta he hean gewat, dreame bed+aled, dea+twic seon, mancynnes
feond, ond his modor +ta gyt, gifre ond galgmod,
gegan wolde sorhfulne si+d, sunu [{dea+d{] wrecan.
<R 1279>
Com +ta to Heorote, +d+ar Hringdene geond +t+at s+ald sw+afun.
<R 1280>
+ta +d+ar sona wear+d edhwyrft eorlum, si+t+dan inne fealh
Grendles modor.
<R 1282>
W+as se gryre l+assa efne swa micle swa bi+d m+ag+ta cr+aft,
wiggryre wifes, be w+apnedmen, [{+tonne{] heoru bunden,
hamere ge+turen, sweord swate fah swin ofer helme ecgum
[{dyhttig{] andweard scire+d.
<R 1288>
+ta w+as on healle heardecg togen sweord ofer setlum, sidrand
manig hafen handa f+ast; helm ne gemunde, byrnan side,
+ta hine se broga angeat.
<R 1292>
Heo w+as on ofste, wolde ut +tanon, feore beorgan, +ta heo
onfunden w+as.
<R 1294>
Hra+de heo +a+telinga anne h+afde f+aste befangen, +ta heo to
fenne gang.
<R 1296>
Se w+as Hro+tgare h+ale+ta leofost on gesi+des had be s+am
tweonum, rice randwiga, +tone +de heo on r+aste abreat,
bl+adf+astne beorn.
<R 1299>
N+as Beowulf +d+ar,
<P 41>
ac w+as o+ter in +ar geteohhod +after
ma+t+dumgife m+arum Geate.
<R 1301>
Hream wear+d in Heorote; heo under heolfre genam cu+te folme;
cearu w+as geniwod, geworden in wicun.
<R 1304>
Ne w+as +t+at gewrixle til, +t+at hie on ba healfa bicgan
scoldon freonda feorum.
<R 1306>
+ta w+as frod cyning, har hilderinc, on hreon mode, sy+d+tan
he aldor+tegn [{unlyfigendne{] , +tone deorestan
deadne wisse.
<R 1310>
[{Hra+te{] w+as to bure Beowulf fetod, sigoreadig secg.
<R 1311>
Samod +ard+age eode eorla sum, +a+tele cempa self mid gesi+dum
+t+ar se snotera bad, [{hw+a+ter{] him alwalda +afre wille
+after weaspelle wyrpe gefremman.
<R 1316>
Gang +da +after flore fyrdwyr+de man mid his handscale
healwudu dynede, +t+at he +tone wisan wordum [{n+agde{]
frean Ingwina, fr+agn gif him w+are +after [{neodla+dum{]
niht get+ase.
<R 1321>
Hro+dgar ma+telode, helm Scyldinga: Ne frin +tu +after s+alum.
<R 1322>
Sorh is geniwod Denigea leodum.
<R 1323>
Dead is +Aschere, Yrmenlafes yldra bro+tor, min runwita ond
min r+adbora, eaxlgestealla, +donne we on orlege
hafelan weredon, +tonne hniton fe+tan, eoferas cynsedan.
<R 1328>
[{Swylc{] scolde eorl wesan, [{+a+teling{] +argod, swylc
+aschere w+as.
<R 1330>
Wear+d him on Heorote to handbanan w+alg+ast w+afre; ic ne wat
[{hw+ader{]
<P 42>
atol +ase wlanc eftsi+das teah, fylle [{gef+agnod{] .
<R 1333>
Heo +ta f+ah+de wr+ac +te +tu gystran niht Grendel cwealdest
+turh h+astne had heardum clammum, for+tan he to lange leode
mine wanode ond wyrde.
<R 1337>
He +at wige gecrang ealdres scyldig, ond nu o+ter cwom mihtig
mansca+da, wolde hyre m+ag wrecan, ge feor hafa+d f+ah+de
gest+aled +t+as +te +tincean m+ag +tegne monegum,
se +te +after sincgyfan on sefan greote+t,
hre+terbealo hearde; nu seo hand lige+d, se +te eow
[{welhwylcra{] wilna dohte.
<R 1345>
Ic +t+at londbuend, leode mine, seler+adende, secgan hyrde
+t+at hie gesawon swylce twegen micle mearcstapan moras
healdan, ellorg+astas.
<R 1349>
+d+ara o+der w+as, +t+as +te hie gewislicost gewitan meahton,
idese onlicn+as; o+der earmsceapen on weres w+astmum
wr+aclastas tr+ad, n+afne he w+as mara +tonne +anig man
o+der; +tone on geardagum Grendel [{nemdon{] foldbuende.
<R 1355>
No hie f+ader cunnon, hw+a+ter him +anig w+as +ar acenned
dyrnra gasta.
<R 1357>
Hie dygel lond warigea+d, wulfhleo+tu, [{windige{] n+assas,
frecne fengelad, +d+ar fyrgenstream under n+assa
genipu ni+ter gewite+d, flod under foldan.
<R 1361>
Nis +t+at feor heonon milgemearces +t+at se mere [{stande+d{] ;
ofer +t+am hongia+d hrinde bearwas, wudu wyrtum
f+ast w+ater oferhelma+d.
<R 1365>
+t+ar m+ag nihta gehw+am ni+dwundor seon, fyr on flode.
<R 1366>
No +t+as frod leofa+d
<P 43>
gumena bearna, +t+at +tone grund wite;
+deah +te h+a+dstapa hundum geswenced, heorot hornum trum,
holtwudu sece, feorran geflymed, +ar he feorh sele+d,
aldor on ofre, +ar he in wille hafelan [{hydan{] .
<R 1372>
Nis +t+at heoru stow.
<R 1373>
+tonon y+dgeblond up astige+d won to wolcnum, +tonne wind
styre+t, la+d gewidru, o+d+t+at lyft drysma+t, roderas reota+d.
<R 1376>
Nu is se r+ad gelang eft +at +te anum.
<R 1377>
Eard git ne const, frecne stowe, +d+ar +tu findan miht
felasinnigne secg; sec gif +tu dyrre.
<R 1380>
Ic +te +ta f+ah+de feo leanige, ealdgestreonum, swa ic +ar
dyde, [{wundnum{] golde, gyf +tu on weg cymest.
<R 1383>
Beowulf ma+telode, bearn [{Ecg+teowes{] : Ne sorga, snotor
guma; selre bi+d +aghw+am +t+at he his freond wrece,
+tonne he fela murne.
<R 1386>
Ure [{+aghwylc{] sceal ende gebidan worolde lifes; wyrce se
+te mote domes +ar dea+te; +t+at bi+d drihtguman
unlifgendum +after selest.
<R 1390>
Aris, rices weard, uton [{ra+te{] feran Grendles magan gang
sceawigan.
<R 1392>
Ic hit +te gehate, no he on helm losa+t, ne on foldan f+a+tm,
ne on fyrgenholt, ne on gyfenes grund, ga +t+ar he wille.
<R 1395>
+dys dogor +tu ge+tyld hafa weana gehwylces, swa ic +te wene
to.
<R 1397>
Ahleop +da se gomela, gode +tancode, mihtigan drihtne, +t+as
se man [{gespr+ac{] .
<P 44>
<R 1399>
+ta w+as Hro+dgare hors geb+ated, wicg wundenfeax.
<R 1400>
Wisa fengel [{geatolic{] gende; gumfe+ta stop lindh+abbendra.
<R 1402>
Lastas w+aron +after waldswa+tum wide gesyne, gang ofer
grundas, [{+t+ar{] [{heo{] gegnum for ofer myrcan mor,
mago+tegna b+ar +tone selestan sawolleasne +tara +te mid
Hro+dgare ham eahtode.
<R 1408>
Ofereode +ta +a+telinga bearn steap stanhli+do, stige nearwe,
enge anpa+das, uncu+d gelad, neowle n+assas,
nicorhusa fela.
<R 1412>
He feara sum beforan gengde wisra monna wong sceawian,
o+t+t+at he f+aringa fyrgenbeamas ofer harne stan hleonian
funde, wynleasne wudu; w+ater under stod dreorig ond gedrefed.
<R 1417>
Denum eallum w+as, winum Scyldinga, weorce on mode to
ge+tolianne, +degne monegum, oncy+d eorla gehw+am,
sy+d+tan +Ascheres on +tam holmclife hafelan metton.
<R 1422>
Flod blode weol folc to s+agon, hatan heolfre.
<R 1423>
Horn stundum song fuslic [{fyrdleo+d{] .
<R 1424>
Fe+ta eal ges+at.
<R 1425>
Gesawon +da +after w+atere wyrmcynnes fela, sellice s+adracan,
sund cunnian, swylce on n+ashleo+dum nicras licgean,
+da on undernm+al oft bewitiga+d sorhfulne si+d on
seglrade, wyrmas ond wildeor; hie on weg
hruron, bitere ond gebolgne, bearhtm ongeaton, gu+dhorn galan.
<R 1432>
Sumne Geata leod of flanbogan feores getw+afde,
<P 45>
y+dgewinnes, +t+at him on aldre stod herestr+al hearda;
he on holme w+as sundes +te s+anra, +de hyne swylt fornam.
<R 1437>
Hr+a+te wear+d on y+dum mid eoferspreotum heorohocyhtum hearde
genearwod, ni+da gen+aged, ond on n+as togen,
wundorlic w+agbora; weras sceawedon gryrelicne gist.
<R 1441>
Gyrede hine Beowulf eorlgew+adum, nalles for ealdre mearn.
<R 1443>
Scolde herebyrne hondum gebroden, sid ond searofah, sund
cunnian, seo +de bancofan beorgan cu+te, +t+at
him hildegrap hre+tre ne mihte, eorres inwitfeng, aldre
gesce+t+dan.
<R 1448>
ac se hwita helm hafelan werede, se +te meregrundas mengan
scolde, secan sundgebland since [{geweor+dad{] ,
befongen freawrasnum, swa hine fyrndagum worhte w+apna
smi+d, wundrum teode, besette swinlicum,
+t+at hine sy+d+tan no brond ne beadomecas bitan ne meahton.
<R 1455>
N+as +t+at +tonne m+atost m+agenfultuma +t+at him on +dearfe
lah +dyle Hro+dgares; w+as +t+am h+aftmece Hrunting nama.
<R 1458>
+t+at w+as an foran ealdgestreona; ecg w+as iren, atertanum
fah, ahyrded hea+toswate; n+afre hit +at hilde
ne swac manna +angum +tara +te hit mid mundum bewand, se +de
gryresi+das gegan dorste, folcstede fara;
n+as +t+at forma si+d +t+at hit ellenweorc +afnan scolde.
<R 1465>
Huru ne gemunde mago Ecglafes, eafo+tes cr+aftig, +t+at he +ar
gespr+ac wine druncen, +ta he +t+as w+apnes onlah selran
sweordfrecan.
<R 1468>
Selfa ne dorste under y+da gewin aldre gene+tan,
<P 46>
drihtscype dreogan; +t+ar he dome forleas, [{ellenm+ar+dum{] .
<R 1471>
Ne w+as +t+am o+drum swa, sy+d+tan he hine to gu+de gegyred
h+afde.
<R 1473>
Beowulf ma+delode, bearn Ecg+teowes: Ge+tenc nu, se m+ara maga
Healfdenes, snottra fengel, nu ic eom si+des fus,
goldwine gumena, hw+at wit geo spr+acon, gif ic +at
+tearfe +tinre scolde aldre linnan, +t+at +du
me a w+are for+dgewitenum on f+ader st+ale.
<R 1480>
Wes +tu mundbora minum mago+tegnum, hondgesellum, gif mec hild
nime; swylce +tu +da madmas +te +tu me sealdest,
Hro+dgar leofa, Higelace onsend.
<R 1483>
M+ag +tonne on +t+am golde ongitan Geata dryhten, geseon sunu
Hr+adles, +tonne he on +t+at sinc stara+d, +t+at
ic gumcystum godne funde beaga bryttan, breac +tonne moste.
<R 1488>
Ond +tu [{Unfer+d{] l+at ealde lafe, wr+atlic w+agsweord,
widcu+dne man heardecg habban; ic me mid Hruntinge
dom gewyrce, o+t+de mec dea+d nime+d.
<R 1492>
+after +t+am wordum Wedergeata leod efste mid elne, nalas
ondsware bidan wolde; brimwylm onfeng [{hilderince{] .
<R 1495>
+da w+as hwil d+ages +ar he +tone grundwong ongytan mehte.
<R 1497>
Sona +t+at onfunde se +de floda begong heorogifre beheold hund
missera, grim ond gr+adig, +t+at +t+ar gumena sum +alwihta
eard ufan cunnode.
<R 1501>
Grap +ta togeanes, gu+drinc gefeng atolan clommum.
<R 1502>
No +ty +ar in gescod halan lice; hring utan ymbbearh, +t+at
heo +tone fyrdhom +durhfon ne mihte,
<P 47>
locene [{leo+dosyrcan{] la+tan fingrum.
<R 1506>
B+ar +ta seo [{brimwylf{] , +ta heo to botme com, hringa
+tengel to hofe sinum, swa he ne mihte, no he [{+t+as{]
modig w+as, w+apna gewealdan, ac hine wundra +t+as fela
[{swencte{] on sunde, s+adeor monig hildetuxum heresyrcan
br+ac, ehton agl+acan.
<R 1512>
+da se eorl ongeat +t+at he [{in{] ni+dsele nathwylcum w+as,
+t+ar him n+anig w+ater wihte ne sce+tede, ne him for
hrofsele hrinan ne mehte f+argripe flodes; fyrleoht geseah,
blacne leoman, beorhte [{scinan{] .
<R 1518>
Ongeat +ta se goda grundwyrgenne, merewif mihtig; m+agenr+as
forgeaf hildebille, [{hond{] [{sweng{] ne ofteah,
+t+at hire on hafelan hringm+al agol gr+adig gu+dleo+d.
<R 1522>
[{+da{] se gist onfand +t+at se beadoleoma bitan nolde, aldre
sce+t+dan, ac seo ecg geswac [{+deodne{] +at +tearfe;
+dolode +ar fela hondgemota, helm oft gesc+ar, f+ages
fyrdhr+agl; +da w+as forma si+d deorum madme, +t+at
his dom al+ag.
<R 1529>
Eft w+as anr+ad, nalas elnes l+at, m+ar+da gemyndig m+ag
Hylaces.
<R 1531>
Wearp +da wundenm+al wr+attum gebunden yrre oretta, +t+at hit
on eor+dan l+ag, sti+d ond stylecg; strenge getruwode,
mundgripe m+agenes.
<R 1534>
Swa sceal man don, +tonne he +at gu+de gegan +tence+d
longsumne lof, na ymb his lif ceara+d.
<P 48>
<R 1537>
Gefeng +ta be eaxle nalas for f+ah+de mearn Gu+dgeata leod
Grendles modor; br+agd +ta beadwe heard, +ta he
gebolgen w+as, feorhgeni+dlan, +t+at heo on flet gebeah.
<R 1541>
Heo him eft hra+te [{andlean{] forgeald grimman grapum ond him
togeanes feng; [{oferwearp{] +ta werigmod wigena strengest,
fe+tecempa, +t+at he on fylle wear+d.
<R 1545>
Ofs+at +ta +tone selegyst ond hyre [{seax{] geteah, brad
[{ond{] brunecg, wolde hire bearn wrecan, angan eaferan.
<R 1547>
Him on eaxle l+ag breostnet broden; +t+at gebearh feore, wi+d
ord ond wi+d ecge ingang forstod.
<R 1550>
H+afde +da forsi+dod sunu Ecg+teowes under gynne grund, Geata
cempa, nemne him hea+dobyrne helpe gefremede, herenet hearde,
ond halig god geweold wigsigor; witig drihten, rodera r+adend,
hit on ryht gesced y+delice, sy+t+dan he eft astod.
<R 1557>
Geseah +da on searwum sigeeadig bil, eald sweord eotenisc,
ecgum +tyhtig, wigena weor+dmynd; +t+at [{w+as{]
w+apna cyst, buton hit w+as mare +donne +anig mon o+der to
beadulace +atberan meahte, god ond geatolic, giganta geweorc.
<R 1563>
He gefeng +ta fetelhilt, freca Scyldinga hreoh ond heorogrim
hringm+al gebr+agd, aldres orwena, yrringa sloh, +t+at
hire wi+d halse heard grapode, banhringas br+ac.
<R 1567>
Bil eal +durhwod f+agne fl+aschoman; heo on flet gecrong.
<R 1569>
Sweord w+as swatig, secg weorce gefeh.
<R 1570>
Lixte se leoma, leoht inne stod, efne swa of hefene hadre
scine+d
<P 49>
rodores candel.
<R 1572>
He +after recede wlat; hwearf +ta be wealle, w+apen hafenade
heard be hiltum Higelaces +degn, yrre ond
anr+ad.
<R 1575>
N+as seo ecg fracod hilderince, ac he hra+te wolde Grendle
forgyldan gu+dr+asa fela +dara +te he geworhte
to Westdenum oftor micle +donne on +anne si+d, +tonne he
Hro+dgares heor+dgeneatas sloh on sweofote, sl+apende fr+at
folces Denigea fyftyne men ond o+der swylc ut offerede,
la+dlicu lac.
<R 1584>
He him +t+as lean forgeald, re+te cempa, to +d+as +te he on
r+aste geseah gu+dwerigne Grendel licgan aldorleasne,
swa him +ar gescod hild +at Heorote.
<R 1588>
Hra wide sprong, sy+t+dan he +after dea+de drepe +trowade,
heorosweng heardne, ond hine +ta heafde becearf.
<R 1591>
Sona +t+at gesawon snottre ceorlas, +ta +de mid Hro+dgare on
holm [{wliton{] , +t+at w+as y+dgeblond eal gemenged,
brim blode fah.
<R 1594>
Blondenfeaxe, gomele ymb godne, ongeador spr+acon +t+at hig
+t+as +a+delinges eft ne wendon +t+at he sigehre+dig secean
come m+arne +teoden; +ta +d+as monige gewear+d
+t+at hine seo brimwylf [{abroten{] h+afde.
<R 1600>
+da com non d+ages.
N+as ofgeafon hwate Scyldingas; gewat him ham +tonon goldwine
gumena.
<R 1602>
Gistas [{setan{] modes seoce ond on mere staredon, wiston ond
ne wendon +t+at hie heora winedrihten selfne gesawon.
<R 1605>
+ta +t+at sweord ongan +after hea+toswate hildegicelum, wigbil
wanian.
<R 1607>
+t+at w+as wundra sum,
<P 50>
+t+at hit eal gemealt ise gelicost, +donne forstes bend
f+ader onl+ate+d, onwinde+d w+alrapas, se geweald hafa+d s+ala
ond m+ala; +t+at is so+d metod.
<R 1612>
Ne nom he in +t+am wicum, Wedergeata leod, ma+dm+ahta ma, +teh
he +t+ar monige geseah, buton +tone hafelan
ond +ta hilt somod since fage.
<R 1615>
Sweord +ar gemealt, forbarn brodenm+al; w+as +t+at blod to
+t+as hat, +attren ellorg+ast se +t+ar [{inne{] swealt.
<R 1618>
Sona w+as on sunde se +te +ar +at s+acce gebad wighryre
wra+dra, w+ater up +turhdeaf.
<R 1620>
W+aron y+dgebland eal gef+alsod, eacne eardas, +ta se
ellorgast oflet lifdagas ond +tas l+anan gesceaft.
<R 1623>
Com +ta to lande lidmanna helm swi+dmod swymman; s+alace
gefeah, m+agenbyr+tenne +tara +te he him mid h+afde.
<R 1626>
Eodon him +ta togeanes, gode +tancodon, +dry+dlic +tegna heap,
+teodnes gefegon, +t+as +te hi hyne gesundne
geseon moston.
<R 1629>
+da w+as of +t+am hroran helm ond byrne lungre alysed.
<R 1630>
Lagu drusade, w+ater under wolcnum, w+aldreore fag.
<R 1632>
Ferdon for+d +tonon fe+telastum ferh+tum f+agne, foldweg
m+aton, cu+te str+ate.
<R 1634>
Cyningbalde men from +t+am holmclife hafelan b+aron
earfo+dlice heora +aghw+a+trum, felamodigra; feower scoldon
on +t+am w+alstenge weorcum geferian to +t+am goldsele
Grendles heafod, o+t+d+at semninga to sele comon frome
fyrdhwate feowertyne Geata gongan; gumdryhten mid
<P 51>
modig on gemonge meodowongas tr+ad.
<R 1644>
+da com in gan ealdor +degna, d+adcene mon dome gewur+tad,
h+ale hildedeor, Hro+dgar gretan.
<R 1647>
+ta w+as be feaxe on flet boren Grendles heafod, +t+ar guman
druncon, egeslic for eorlum ond +t+are idese
mid, wliteseon wr+atlic; weras on sawon.
<R 1651>
Beowulf ma+telode, bearn Ecg+teowes: Hw+at.
<R 1652>
we +te +tas s+alac, sunu Healfdenes, leod Scyldinga, lustum
brohton tires to tacne, +te +tu her to locast.
<R 1655>
Ic +t+at unsofte ealdre gedigde wigge under w+atere, weorc
gene+tde earfo+dlice; +atrihte w+as gu+d getw+afed,
nym+de mec god scylde.
<R 1659>
Ne meahte ic +at hilde mid Hruntinge wiht gewyrcan, +teah
+t+at w+apen duge; ac me geu+de ylda waldend +t+at ic on
wage geseah wlitig hangian eald sweord eacen oftost
wisode winigea leasum, +t+at ic +dy w+apne
gebr+ad.
<R 1665>
Ofsloh +da +at +t+are s+acce, +ta me s+al ageald, huses
hyrdas.
<R 1666>
+ta +t+at hildebil forbarn brogdenm+al, swa +t+at blod
gesprang, hatost hea+toswata.
<R 1668>
Ic +t+at hilt +tanan feondum +atferede, fyrend+ada wr+ac,
dea+dcwealm Denigea, swa hit gedefe w+as.
<R 1671>
Ic hit +te +tonne gehate, +t+at +tu on Heorote most sorhleas
swefan mid +tinra secga gedryht ond +tegna gehwylc
+tinra leoda, dugu+de ond iogo+te, +t+at +tu him
ondr+adan ne +tearft, +teoden Scyldinga, on +ta healfe,
aldorbealu eorlum, swa +tu +ar dydest.
<R 1677>
+da w+as gylden hilt gamelum rince, harum hildfruman, on hand
gyfen,
<P 52>
enta +argeweorc.
<R 1679>
hit on +aht gehwearf +after deofla hryre Denigea frean,
wundorsmi+ta geweorc, ond +ta +tas worold ofgeaf
gromheort guma, godes ondsaca, mor+dres scyldig, ond his
modor eac, on geweald gehwearf woroldcyninga +d+am selestan
be s+am tweonum +dara +te on Scedenigge sceattas d+alde.
<R 1687>
Hro+dgar ma+delode, hylt sceawode, ealde lafe, on +d+am w+as
or writen fyrngewinnes, sy+d+tan flod ofsloh,
gifen geotende, giganta cyn frecne geferdon; +t+at w+as
fremde +teod ecean dryhtne; him +t+as endelean +turh w+ateres
wylm waldend sealde.
<R 1694>
Swa w+as on +d+am scennum sciran goldes +turh runstafas rihte
gemearcod, geseted ond ges+ad hwam +t+at sweord geworht,
irena cyst, +arest w+are, wreo+tenhilt ond wyrmfah.
<R 1698>
+da se wisa spr+ac sunu Healfdenes swigedon ealle: +t+at, la,
m+ag secgan se +te so+d ond riht freme+d on folce,
feor eal gemon, eald (}e+del}) weard, +t+at +des eorl
w+are geboren betera.
<R 1703>
Bl+ad is ar+ared geond widwegas, wine min [{Beowulf{] , +din
ofer +teoda gehwylce.
<R 1705>
Eal +tu hit ge+tyldum healdest, m+agen mid modes snyttrum.
<R 1706>
Ic +te sceal mine gel+astan freode, swa wit fur+dum spr+acon.
<R 1707>
+du scealt to frofre weor+tan eal langtwidig leodum +tinum,
h+ale+dum to helpe.
<R 1709>
Ne wear+d Heremod swa eaforum Ecgwelan, Arscyldingum; ne
geweox he him to willan, ac to w+alfealle
<P 53>
ond to dea+dcwalum Deniga leodum; breat bolgenmod beodgeneatas,
eaxlgesteallan, o+t+t+at he ana hwearf, m+are +teoden,
mondreamum from.
<R 1716>
+deah +te hine mihtig god m+agenes wynnum, eafe+tum stepte,
ofer ealle men for+d gefremede, hw+a+tere him
on ferh+te greow breosthord blodreow.
<R 1719>
Nallas beagas geaf Denum +after dome; dreamleas gebad +t+at he
+t+as gewinnes weorc +trowade, leodbealo longsum.
<R 1722>
+du +te l+ar be +ton, gumcyste ongit; ic +tis gid be +te
awr+ac wintrum frod.
<R 1724>
Wundor is to secganne hu mihtig god manna cynne +turh sidne
sefan snyttru brytta+d, eard ond eorlscipe;
he ah ealra geweald.
<R 1728>
Hwilum he on lufan l+ate+d hworfan monnes modge+tonc m+aran
cynnes, sele+d him on e+tle eor+tan wynne to healdanne,
hleoburh wera, gede+d him swa gewealdene worolde
d+alas, side rice, +t+at he his selfa ne m+ag
[{for{] his unsnyttrum ende ge+tencean.
<R 1735>
[{Wuna+d{] he on wiste; no hine wiht dwele+d [{adl{] ne yldo,
ne him inwitsorh on sefan sweorce+d, ne gesacu
ohw+ar ecghete eowe+d, ac him eal worold wende+d on willan he
+t+at wyrse ne con, o+d+t+at him on innan oferhygda d+al
weaxe+d ond wrida+d.
<R 1741>
+tonne se weard swefe+d, sawele hyrde; bi+d se sl+ap to f+ast,
<P 54>
bisgum gebunden, bona swi+de neah, se +te of flanbogan
fyrenum sceote+d.
<R 1745>
+tonne bi+d on hre+tre under helm drepen biteran str+ale him
bebeorgan ne con, wom wundorbebodum wergan
gastes; +tince+d him to lytel +t+at he lange heold, gytsa+d
gromhydig, nallas on gylp sele+d f+adde beagas, ond he +ta
for+dgesceaft forgyte+d ond forgyme+d, +t+as +te
him +ar god sealde, wuldres waldend, weor+dmynda d+al.
<R 1753>
Hit on endest+af eft gelimpe+d +t+at se lichoma [{l+ane{]
gedreose+d, f+age gefealle+d; feh+d o+ter to,
se +te unmurnlice madmas d+ale+t, eorles +argestreon,
egesan ne gyme+d.
<R 1758>
Bebeorh +te +done bealoni+d, Beowulf leofa, secg betsta, ond
+te +t+at selre geceos, ece r+adas; oferhyda
ne gym, m+are cempa.
<R 1761>
Nu is +tines m+agnes bl+ad ane hwile.
<R 1762>
Eft sona bi+d +t+at +tec adl o+d+de ecg eafo+tes getw+afe+d,
o+d+de fyres feng, o+d+de flodes wylm, o+d+de gripe meces,
o+d+de gares fliht, o+d+de atol yldo; o+d+de eagena
bearhtm forsite+d ond forsworce+d; semninga bi+d +t+at +dec,
dryhtguma, dea+d oferswy+de+d.
<R 1769>
Swa ic Hringdena hund missera weold under wolcnum ond hig
wigge [{beleac{] manigum m+ag+ta geond +tysne [{middangeard{] ,
+ascum ond ecgum, +t+at ic me +anigne under
swegles begong gesacan ne tealde.
<R 1774>
Hw+at, me +t+as on e+tle [{edwenden{] cwom,
<P 55>
gyrn +after gomene, seo+t+dan Grendel wear+d, ealdgewinna,
ingenga min; ic +t+are socne singales w+ag modceare micle.
<R 1778>
+t+as sig metode +tanc, ecean dryhtne, +t+as +de ic on aldre
gebad +t+at ic on +tone hafelan heorodreorigne
ofer ealdgewin eagum starige.
<R 1782>
Ga nu to setle, symbelwynne dreoh wigge weor+tad; unc sceal
worn fela ma+tma gem+anra, si+t+dan morgen bi+d.
<R 1785>
Geat w+as gl+admod, geong sona to setles neosan, swa se
snottra heht.
<R 1787>
+ta w+as eft swa +ar ellenrofum fletsittendum f+agere
gereorded niowan stefne.
<R 1789>
Nihthelm geswearc deorc ofer dryhtgumum.
<R 1790>
Dugu+d eal aras.
<R 1791>
Wolde blondenfeax beddes neosan, gamela Scylding.
<R 1792>
Geat unigmetes wel, rofne randwigan, restan lyste; sona him
sele+tegn si+des wergum, feorrancundum, for+d wisade,
se for andrysnum ealle [{betweotede{] +tegnes +tearfe,
swylce +ty dogore hea+toli+dende habban scoldon.
<R 1799>
Reste hine +ta rumheort; reced hliuade geap ond goldfah; g+ast
inne sw+af o+t+t+at hrefn blaca heofones wynne bli+dheort
bodode.
<R 1802>
[{+da{] [{com{] beorht scacan [{sca+tan{] onetton, w+aron
+a+telingas eft to leodum fuse to [{farenne{] ; wolde feor
+tanon cuma [{collenferh+d{] ceoles neosan.
<R 1807>
Heht +ta se hearda Hrunting beran
<P 56>
sunu Ecglafes, heht his
sweord niman, leoflic iren; s+agde him +t+as
leanes +tanc, cw+a+d, he +tone gu+dwine godne tealde,
wigcr+aftigne, nales wordum log meces ecge; +t+at w+as
modig secg.
<R 1813>
Ond +ta si+dfrome, searwum gearwe wigend w+aron; eode weor+d
Denum +a+teling to yppan, +t+ar se o+ter w+as,
h+ale hildedeor Hro+dgar grette.
<R 1817>
Beowulf ma+telode, bearn Ecg+teowes: Nu we s+ali+dend secgan
wylla+d, feorran cumene, +t+at we fundia+t Higelac secan.
<R 1820>
W+aron her tela willum bewenede; +tu us wel dohtest.
<R 1822>
Gif ic +tonne on eor+tan owihte m+ag +tinre modlufan maran
tilian, gumena dryhten, +donne ic gyt dyde, gu+dgeweorca,
ic beo gearo sona.
<R 1826>
Gif ic +t+at gefricge ofer floda begang, +t+at +tec ymbsittend
egesan +tywa+d, swa +tec hetende hwilum dydon,
ic +de +tusenda +tegna bringe, h+ale+ta to helpe.
<R 1830>
Ic on [{Higelac{] wat, Geata dryhten, +teah +de he geong sy,
folces hyrde, +t+at he mec fremman wile [{wordum{] ond worcum,
+t+at ic +te wel herige ond +te to geoce garholt bere,
m+agenes fultum, +t+ar +de bi+d manna +tearf.
<R 1836>
Gif him +tonne [{Hre+tric{] to hofum Geata [{ge+tinge+d{] ,
+teodnes bearn, he m+ag +t+ar fela freonda findan;
feorcy+t+de beo+d selran gesohte +t+am +te him selfa deah.
<R 1840>
Hro+dgar ma+telode him on ondsware: +te +ta wordcwydas wigtig
drihten
<P 57>
on sefan sende; ne hyrde ic snotorlicor on swa geongum feore
guman +tingian.
<R 1843>
+tu eart m+agenes strang ond on mode frod, wis wordcwida.
<R 1845>
Wen ic talige, gif +t+at gegange+d, +t+at +de gar nyme+d, hild
heorugrimme, Hre+tles eaferan, adl o+t+de iren
ealdor +dinne, folces hyrde, ond +tu +tin feorh hafast, +t+at
+te S+ageatas selran n+abben to geceosenne cyning +anigne,
hordweard h+ale+ta, [{gyf{] +tu healdan wylt maga rice.
<R 1853>
Me +tin [{modsefa{] lica+d leng swa wel, leofa [{Beowulf{] .
<R 1855>
Hafast +tu gefered +t+at +tam folcum sceal, Geata leodum ond
Gardenum, sib [{gem+ane{] , ond sacu restan, inwitni+tas,
+te hie +ar drugon, wesan, +tenden ic wealde widan
rices, ma+tmas gem+ane, [{manig{] o+terne godum
gegretan ofer ganotes b+a+d; sceal hringnaca ofer [{heafu{]
bringan lac ond luftacen.
<R 1863>
Ic +ta leode wat ge wi+d feond ge wi+d freond f+aste geworhte,
+aghw+as unt+ale ealde wisan.
<R 1866>
+da git him eorla hleo inne gesealde, mago Healfdenes, ma+tmas
XII; het [{hine{] mid +t+am lacum leode sw+ase secean
on gesyntum, snude eft cuman.
<R 1870>
Gecyste +ta cyning +a+telum god, +teoden Scyldinga, +degn
betstan ond be healse genam; hruron him tearas, blondenfeaxum.
<R 1873>
Him w+as bega wen,
<P 58>
ealdum infrodum, o+tres swi+dor, +t+at
[{hie{] [{seo+d+dan{] [{no{] geseon moston, modige on me+tle.
<R 1876>
[{W+as{] him se man to +ton leof +t+at he +tone breostwylm
forberan ne mehte, ac him on hre+tre hygebendum f+ast
+after deorum men dyrne langa+d beorn wi+d blode.
<R 1880>
Him Beowulf +tanan, gu+drinc goldwlanc, gr+asmoldan tr+ad
since hremig; s+agenga bad [{agendfrean{] , se [{+te{]
on ancre rad.
<R 1884>
+ta w+as on gange gifu Hro+dgares oft ge+ahted; +t+at w+as an
cyning, +aghw+as orleahtre, o+t+t+at hine yldo benam
m+agenes wynnum, se +te oft manegum scod.
<R 1888>
Cwom +ta to flode felamodigra, h+agstealdra [{heap{] , hringnet
b+aron, locene leo+dosyrcan.
<R 1890>
Landweard onfand eftsi+d eorla, swa he +ar dyde; no he mid
hearme of hli+des nosan [{g+astas{] grette, ac
him togeanes rad, [{cw+a+d{] +t+at wilcuman Wedera leodum
[{sca+tan{] scirhame to scipe foron.
<R 1896>
+ta w+as on sande s+ageap naca hladen herew+adum,
hringedstefna, mearum ond ma+dmum; m+ast hlifade ofer
Hro+dgares hordgestreonum.
<R 1900>
He +t+am batwearde bunden golde swurd gesealde, +t+at he
sy+d+tan w+as on meodubence [{ma+tme{] +ty [{weor+tra{] ,
yrfelafe.
<R 1903>
Gewat him on [{naca{] drefan deop w+ater, Dena land ofgeaf.
<R 1905>
+ta w+as be m+aste merehr+agla sum, segl sale f+ast; sundwudu
+tunede.
<P 59>
<R 1907>
No +t+ar wegflotan wind ofer y+dum si+des getw+afde; s+agenga
for, fleat famigheals for+d ofer y+de, bundenstefna ofer
brimstreamas, +t+at hie Geata clifu ongitan meahton,
cu+te n+assas.
<R 1912>
Ceol up ge+trang lyftgeswenced, on lande stod.
<R 1914>
Hra+te w+as +at holme hy+dweard geara se +te +ar lange tid
leofra manna fus +at faro+de feor wlatode; s+alde
to sande sidf+a+tme scip, [{oncerbendum{] f+ast, +ty l+as hym
y+ta +drym wudu wynsuman forwrecan meahte.
<R 1920>
Het +ta up beran +a+telinga gestreon, fr+atwe ond f+atgold;
n+as him feor +tanon to gesecanne sinces bryttan,
Higelac Hre+tling, +t+ar +at ham wuna+d selfa mid gesi+dum
s+awealle neah.
<R 1925>
Bold w+as betlic, bregorof cyning, [{heah{] [{in{] healle,
Hygd swi+de geong, wis, wel+tungen, +teah +de wintra lyt
under burhlocan gebiden h+abbe, H+are+tes dohtor; n+as
hio hnah swa +teah, ne to gnea+d gifa Geata leodum,
ma+tmgestreona.
<R 1931>
Mod +try+do w+ag, fremu folces cwen, firen ondrysne.
<R 1933>
N+anig +t+at dorste deor gene+tan sw+asra gesi+da, nefne
sinfrea, +t+at hire an d+ages eagum starede, ac him
w+albende weotode tealde handgewri+tene; hra+te seo+t+dan
w+as +after mundgripe mece ge+tinged,
<P 60>
+t+at hit sceadenm+al scyran moste, cwealmbealu cy+dan.
<R 1940>
Ne bi+d swylc cwenlic +teaw idese to efnanne, +teah +de hio
+anlicu sy, +t+atte freo+duwebbe feores ons+ace
+after ligetorne leofne mannan.
<R 1944>
Huru +t+at [{onhohsnode{] [{Hemminges{] m+ag; ealodrincende
o+der s+adan, +t+at hio leodbealewa l+as gefremede,
inwitni+da, [{sy+d+dan{] +arest wear+d gyfen goldhroden geongum
cempan, +a+delum diore, sy+d+dan hio Offan flet
ofer fealone flod be f+ader lare si+de gesohte.
<R 1951>
+d+ar hio sy+d+dan well in gumstole, gode, m+are, lifgesceafta
lifigende breac, hiold heahlufan wi+d h+ale+ta brego,
ealles moncynnes mine gefr+age [{+tone{] selestan
bi s+am tweonum, eormencynnes.
<R 1957>
For+dam Offa w+as geofum ond gu+dum, garcene man, [{wide{]
[{geweor+dod{] , wisdome heold e+del sinne; +tonon
[{Eomer{] woc h+ale+dum to helpe, [{Hemminges{] m+ag, nefa
Garmundes, ni+da cr+aftig.
<R 1963>
Gewat him +da se hearda mid his hondscole sylf +after sande
s+awong tredan, wide waro+das.
<R 1965>
Woruldcandel scan, sigel su+dan fus.
<R 1966>
Hi si+d drugon, elne geeodon, to +d+as +de eorla hleo, bonan
Ongen+teoes burgum in innan, geongne gu+dcyning godne gefrunon
<P 61>
hringas d+alan.
<R 1970>
Higelace w+as si+d Beowulfes snude gecy+ded, +t+at +d+ar on
wor+dig wigendra hleo, lindgestealla, lifigende
cwom, hea+dolaces hal to hofe gongan.
<R 1975>
Hra+de w+as gerymed, swa se rica bebead, fe+degestum flet
innanweard.
<R 1977>
Ges+at +ta wi+d sylfne se +da s+acce gen+as, m+ag wi+d m+age,
[{sy+d+dan{] mandryhten +turh hleo+dorcwyde holdne gegrette,
meaglum wordum.
<R 1980>
Meoduscencum hwearf geond +t+at healreced H+are+des dohtor,
lufode +da leode, li+dw+age b+ar [{h+ale+dum{] to handa.
<R 1983>
Higelac ongan sinne geseldan in sele +tam hean f+agre
fricgcean hyne fyrwet br+ac, hwylce S+ageata si+das w+aron:
Hu lomp eow on lade, leofa Biowulf, +ta +du f+aringa
feorr gehogodest s+acce secean ofer sealt w+ater,
hilde to Hiorote?
<R 1990>
Ac +du Hro+dgare [{widcu+dne{] wean wihte gebettest, m+arum
+deodne?
<R 1992>
Ic +d+as modceare sorhwylmum sea+d, si+de ne truwode leofes
mannes; ic +de lange b+ad +t+at +du +tone w+alg+ast
wihte ne grette, lete Su+ddene sylfe geweor+dan gu+de wi+d
Grendel.
<R 1997>
Gode ic +tanc secge +t+as +de ic +de gesundne geseon moste.
<R 1999>
Biowulf ma+delode, bearn Ecg+dioes: +t+at is undyrne, dryhten
[{Higelac{] ,
<P 62>
[{micel{] gemeting, monegum fira,
[{hwylc{] [{orleghwil{] uncer Grendles wear+d on [{+dam{]
wange, +t+ar he worna fela [{Sigescyldingum{] sorge gefremede,
[{yrm+de{] to aldre.
<R 2005>
Ic +d+at eall gewr+ac, swa [{begylpan{] ne +tearf Grendeles
maga [{+anig{] ofer eor+dan uhthlem +tone, se [{+de{]
lengest leofa+d la+dan cynnes, [{facne{] bifongen.
<R 2009>
Ic +d+ar fur+dum cwom to +dam hringsele Hro+dgar gretan; sona
me se m+ara mago Healfdenes, sy+d+dan he modsefan minne cu+de,
wi+d his sylfes sunu setl get+ahte.
<R 2014>
Weorod w+as on wynne; ne seah ic widan feorh under heofones
hwealf healsittendra medudream maran.
<R 2016>
Hwilum m+aru cwen, fri+dusibb folca, flet eall geondhwearf,
b+adde byre geonge; oft hio beahwri+dan secge [{sealde{] ,
+ar hie to setle geong.
<R 2020>
Hwilum for [{dugu+de{] dohtor Hro+dgares eorlum [{on{] ende
ealuw+age b+ar; +ta ic Freaware [{fletsittende{] nemnan hyrde,
+t+ar hio [{n+agled{] sinc h+ale+dum sealde.
<R 2024>
Sio gehaten [{is{] , geong, goldhroden, gladum suna Frodan;
[{hafa+d{] +t+as geworden wine Scyldinga, rices hyrde,
ond +t+at r+ad tala+d, +t+at he mid +dy wife w+alf+ah+da
d+al,
<P 63>
s+acca gesette.
<R 2029>
Oft seldan hw+ar +after leodhryre lytle hwile bongar buge+d,
+teah seo bryd duge.
<R 2032>
M+ag +t+as +tonne of+tyncan [{+deodne{] Hea+dobeardna ond
+tegna gehwam +tara leoda, +tonne he mid f+amnan on flett
g+a+d, dryhtbearn Dena, dugu+da biwenede.
<R 2036>
on him gladia+d gomelra lafe, heard ond hringm+al
[{Hea+dabeardna{] gestreon +tenden hie +dam w+apnum wealdan
moston, o+d+d+at hie forl+addan to +dam lindplegan sw+ase
gesi+das ond hyra sylfra feorh.
<R 2041>
+tonne cwi+d +at beore se +de beah [{gesyh+d{] , eald +ascwiga,
se +de eall [{geman{] , garcwealm gumena him bi+d grim
[{sefa{] , onginne+d geomormod geongum cempan +turh hre+dra
gehygd higes cunnian, wigbealu weccean, ond +t+at word acwy+d:
Meaht +du, min wine, mece gecnawan +tone
+tin f+ader to gefeohte b+ar under heregriman
hindeman si+de, dyre iren, +t+ar hyne Dene slogon, weoldon
w+alstowe, [{sy+d+dan{] Wi+dergyld l+ag, +after h+ale+ta
hryre, hwate Scyldungas?
<R 2053>
Nu her +tara banena byre nathwylces fr+atwum hremig on flet
g+a+d, mor+dres gylpe+d, ond +tone ma+d+tum byre+d,
+tone +te +du mid rihte r+adan sceoldest.
<R 2057>
Mana+d swa ond myndga+d m+ala gehwylce sarum wordum, o+d+d+at
s+al cyme+d +t+at se f+amnan +tegn fore f+ader d+adum
+after billes bite blodfag swefe+d,
<P 64>
ealdres scyldig; him se o+der +tonan losa+d [{lifigende{] ,
con him land geare.
<R 2063>
+tonne [{bio+d{] [{abrocene{] on ba healfe a+dsweord eorla;
[{sy+d+dan{] Ingelde wealla+d w+alni+das, ond him wiflufan
+after cearw+almum colran weor+da+d.
<R 2067>
+ty ic [{Hea+dobeardna{] hyldo ne telge, dryhtsibbe d+al Denum
unf+acne, freondscipe f+astne.
<R 2069>
Ic sceal for+d sprecan gen ymbe Grendel, +t+at +du geare
cunne, sinces brytta, to hwan sy+d+dan wear+d hondr+as
h+ale+da.
<R 2072>
Sy+d+dan heofones gim glad ofer grundas, g+ast yrre cwom,
eatol, +afengrom, user neosan, +d+ar we gesunde
s+al weardodon.
<R 2076>
+t+ar w+as Hondscio [{hild{] ons+age, feorhbealu f+agum; he
fyrmest l+ag, gyrded cempa; him Grendel wear+d, m+arum
[{magu+tegne{] to mu+dbonan, leofes mannes lic eall
forswealg.
<R 2081>
No +dy +ar ut +da gen idelhende bona blodigto+d, bealewa
gemyndig, of +dam goldsele gongan wolde, ac he
m+agnes rof min costode, grapode gearofolm.
<R 2085>
Glof hangode sid ond syllic, searobendum f+ast; [{sio{] w+as
or+doncum eall gegyrwed deofles cr+aftum ond
dracan fellum.
<R 2089>
He mec +t+ar on innan unsynnigne, dior d+adfruma, gedon wolde
manigra sumne; hyt ne mihte swa,
<P 65>
sy+d+dan ic on yrre uppriht astod.
<R 2093>
To lang ys to reccenne hu [{ic{] [{+dam{] leodscea+dan yfla
gehwylces ondlean forgeald; +t+ar ic, +teoden min,
+tine leode weor+dode weorcum.
<R 2096>
He on weg losade, lytle hwile lifwynna [{breac{] ; hw+a+tre him
sio swi+dre swa+de weardade hand on Hiorte,
ond he hean +donan modes geomor meregrund gefeoll.
<R 2101>
Me +tone w+alr+as wine Scildunga f+attan golde fela leanode,
manegum ma+dmum, sy+d+dan mergen com ond we to symble
geseten h+afdon.
<R 2105>
+t+ar w+as gidd ond gleo.
Gomela Scilding, felafricgende, feorran [{rehte{] ; hwilum
hildedeor hearpan wynne, gomenwudu grette, hwilum gyd awr+ac
so+d ond sarlic, hwilum syllic spell rehte
+after rihte rumheort cyning.
<R 2111>
Hwilum eft ongan, eldo gebunden, gomel gu+dwiga [{giogu+de{]
cwi+dan, hildestrengo; hre+der [{inne{] weoll,
+tonne he wintrum frod worn gemunde.
<R 2115>
Swa we +t+ar inne ondlangne [{d+ag{] niode naman, o+d+d+at
niht becwom o+der to yldum.
<R 2117>
+ta w+as eft hra+de gearo gyrnwr+ace Grendeles modor, si+dode
sorhfull; sunu dea+d fornam, wighete Wedra.
<R 2120>
Wif unhyre hyre bearn gewr+ac, beorn acwealde ellenlice; +t+ar
w+as +Aschere,
<P 66>
frodan fyrnwitan, feorh u+dgenge.
<R 2124>
No+der hy hine ne moston, sy+d+dan mergen cwom, dea+dwerigne,
Denia leode, bronde forb+arnan, ne on [{b+al{]
hladan leofne mannan; hio +t+at lic +atb+ar feondes
[{f+a+dmum{] [{under{] firgenstream.
<R 2129>
+t+at w+as [{Hro+dgare{] hreowa tornost +tara +te leodfruman
lange begeate.
<R 2131>
+ta se +deoden mec +dine life healsode hreohmod, +t+at ic on
holma ge+tring eorlscipe efnde, ealdre gene+dde,
m+ar+do fremede; he me mede gehet.
<R 2135>
Ic +da +d+as w+almes, +te is wide cu+d, [{grimne{] gryrelicne
grundhyrde fond; +t+ar unc hwile w+as hand gem+ane,
holm heolfre weoll, ond ic heafde becearf in +dam
[{gu+dsele{] Grendeles modor eacnum ecgum,
unsofte +tonan feorh o+dferede.
<R 2141>
N+as ic f+age +ta gyt, ac me eorla hleo eft gesealde ma+dma
menigeo, maga Healfdenes.
<R 2144>
Swa se +deodkyning +teawum lyfde.
<R 2145>
Nealles ic +dam leanum forloren h+afde, m+agnes mede, ac he me
[{ma+dmas{] geaf, sunu Healfdenes, on [{minne{]
sylfes dom; +da ic +de, beorncyning, bringan wylle, estum
geywan.
<R 2149>
Gen is eall +at +de lissa gelong; ic lyt hafo heafodmaga
nefne, Hygelac, +dec.
<R 2152>
Het +da in beran eaforheafodsegn, hea+dosteapne helm, hare
byrnan,
<P 67>
gu+dsweord geatolic, gyd +after wr+ac: Me +dis hildesceorp
Hro+dgar sealde, snotra fengel, sume
worde het +t+at ic his +arest +de est ges+agde.
<R 2158>
cw+a+d +t+at hyt h+afde Hiorogar cyning, leod Scyldunga lange
hwile; no +dy +ar suna sinum syllan wolde, hwatum Heorowearde,
+teah he him hold w+are, breostgew+adu.
<R 2162>
Bruc ealles well.
<R 2163>
Hyrde ic +t+at +tam fr+atwum feower mearas lungre, gelice,
last weardode, +appelfealuwe; he him est geteah meara
ond ma+dma.
<R 2166>
Swa sceal m+ag don, nealles inwitnet [{o+drum{] bregdon dyrnum
cr+afte, dea+d [{renian{] hondgesteallan.
<R 2169>
Hygelace w+as, [{ni+da{] heardum, nefa swy+de hold, ond
[{gehw+a+der{] o+drum hro+tra gemyndig.
<R 2172>
Hyrde ic +t+at he +done healsbeah Hygde gesealde, wr+atlicne
wundurma+d+dum, +done +te him Wealh+deo geaf,
[{+deodnes{] dohtor, +trio wicg somod swancor ond sadolbeorht;
hyre sy+d+dan w+as [{+after{] beah+dege [{breost{] geweor+dod.
<R 2177>
Swa [{bealdode{] bearn Ecg+deowes, guma gu+dum cu+d, godum
d+adum, dreah +after dome, nealles druncne slog
heor+dgeneatas; n+as him hreoh sefa, ac he mancynnes m+aste
cr+afte ginf+astan gife, +te him god sealde,
heold hildedeor.
<R 2183>
Hean w+as lange, swa hyne Geata bearn godne ne tealdon, ne
hyne on medobence micles wyr+dne
<P 68>
[{drihten{] Wedera gedon wolde; swy+de [{wendon{]
+t+at he sleac w+are, +a+deling unfrom.
<R 2188>
Edwenden cwom tireadigum menn torna gehwylces.
<R 2190>
Het +da eorla hleo in gefetian, hea+dorof cyning, Hre+dles
lafe golde gegyrede; n+as [{mid{] Geatum +da sincma+d+tum
selra [{on{] sweordes had; +t+at he on Biowulfes
bearm alegde ond him gesealde seofan +tusendo,
bold ond bregostol.
<R 2196>
Him w+as [{bam{] samod on +dam leodscipe [{lond{] gecynde,
eard, e+delriht, o+drum swi+dor side rice +tam +d+ar
selra w+as.
<R 2200>
[{Eft{] +t+at geiode ufaran dogrum hildehl+ammum, sy+d+dan
Hygelac l+ag ond [{Heardrede{] hildemeceas under bordhreo+dan
to bonan wurdon, +da hyne gesohtan on sige+teode
hearde hildefrecan, Hea+doscilfingas, ni+da gen+agdan nefan
Hererices, sy+d+dan Beowulfe brade rice on hand gehwearf.
<R 2208>
he geheold tela fiftig [{wintra{] w+as +da frod cyning, eald
[{e+telweard{] , o+d+d+at [{an{] ongan deorcum nihtum
draca [{ricsian{] , se +de on [{heaum{] [{hofe{] hord 
beweotode, stanbeorh [{steapne{] ; stig under l+ag, eldum 
uncu+d.
<R 2214>
+t+ar on innan giong
<P 69>
ni+da nathwylc, se [{+de{] [{neh{] gefeng
h+a+dnum horde, hond, [{since{] fahne.
<R 2217>
He +t+at sy+d+dan, [{+teah{] [{+de{] [{he{] sl+apende
[{besyred{] [{wurde{] +teofes cr+afte; +t+at sie +diod
[{onfand{] [{bufolc{] beorna, +t+at he [{gebolgen{] w+as.
<R 2221>
Nealles mid [{gewealdum{] wyrmhord [{abr+ac{] sylfes willum,
se +de him sare gesceod, ac for +treanedlan [{+teow{]
nathwylces h+ale+da bearna heteswengeas [{fleah{] ,
[{+arnes{] +tearfa, ond +d+ar inne [{fealh{] , secg synbysig,
sona onfunde +t+at [{+t+ar{] +dam gyste [{gryrebroga{] stod;
hw+a+dre [{earm{] [{sceapen{] sceapen [{+ta{] hyne se
f+ar begeat.
<R 2231>
[{Sincf+at{] ; +t+ar w+as swylcra fela in +dam [{eor+dhuse{]
+argestreona, swa hy on geardagum gumena nathwylc,
eormenlafe +a+telan cynnes, +tanchycgende +t+ar gehydde, deore
ma+dmas.
<R 2236>
Ealle hie dea+d fornam +arran m+alum, ond [{se{] an +da gen
leoda dugu+de, se +d+ar lengest hwearf, [{weard{] winegeomor,
[{wende{] +t+as ylcan, +t+at he lytel f+ac longgestreona
brucan moste.
<R 2241>
Beorh eallgearo wunode on wonge [{w+atery+dum{] neah, niwe be
n+asse, nearocr+aftum f+ast.
<P 70>
<R 2244>
+t+ar on [{innan{] b+ar eorlgestreona hringa hyrde
[{hordwyr+dne{] d+al, f+attan goldes, [{fea{] worda cw+a+d:
Heald +tu nu, hruse, nu h+ale+d ne [{moston{] , eorla +ahte.
<R 2248>
Hw+at, hyt +ar on +de gode begeaton.
<R 2249>
Gu+ddea+d fornam, [{feorhbealo{] frecne, [{fyra{] gehwylcne
leoda minra, [{+tara{] +de +tis [{lif{] ofgeaf, gesawon
seledream.
<R 2252>
[{Ic{] nah hwa sweord wege o+d+de [{feormie{] f+ated w+age,
dryncf+at deore; [{dugu+d{] ellor [{sceoc{] .
<R 2255>
Sceal se hearda helm [{hyrsted{] golde f+atum befeallen;
feormynd swefa+d, +ta +de beadogriman bywan sceoldon,
ge swylce seo herepad, sio +at hilde gebad ofer borda
gebr+ac bite irena, brosna+d +after beorne.
<R 2260>
Ne m+ag byrnan hring +after [{wigfruman{] wide feran,
h+ale+dum be healfe.
<R 2262>
N+as hearpan wyn, gomen gleobeames, ne god hafoc geond s+al
swinge+d, ne se swifta mearh burhstede beate+d.
<R 2265>
Bealocwealm hafa+d fela feorhcynna [{for+d{] onsended.
<R 2267>
Swa giomormod gioh+do m+ande an +after eallum, unbli+de
[{hwearf{] d+ages ond nihtes, o+d+d+at dea+des wylm hran
+at heortan.
<R 2270>
Hordwynne fond eald uhtscea+da opene standan,
<P 71>
se +de [{byrnende{] biorgas sece+d, nacod ni+ddraca, nihtes
fleoge+d fyre befangen; hyne foldbuend [{swi+de{]
[{ondr+ada+d{] .
<R 2275>
He gesecean sceall [{hord{] [{on{] [{hrusan{] , +t+ar he
h+a+den gold wara+d [{wintrum{] frod, ne by+d him wihte +dy
sel.
<R 2278>
Swa se +deodscea+da +treo hund wintra heold on hrusan
hord+arna sum, eacencr+aftig, o+d+d+at hyne an abealch
mon on mode; mandryhtne b+ar f+ated w+age, frio+dow+are b+ad
hlaford sinne.
<R 2283>
+da w+as hord rasod, onboren beaga hord, bene geti+dad
feasceaftum men.
<R 2285>
Frea sceawode fira fyrngeweorc forman si+de.
<R 2287>
+ta se wyrm onwoc, wroht w+as geniwad; stonc +da +after stane,
stearcheort onfand feondes fotlast; he to for+d gestop dyrnan
cr+afte dracan heafde neah.
<R 2291>
Swa m+ag unf+age ea+de gedigan wean ond wr+acsi+d, se +de
waldendes hyldo gehealde+t.
<R 2293>
Hordweard sohte georne +after grunde, wolde guman findan,
+tone +te him on sweofote sare geteode, hat
ond hreohmod [{hl+aw{] oft ymbehwearf ealne [{utanweardne{] ,
ne +d+ar +anig mon on [{+t+are{] westenne; hw+a+dre
[{wiges{] gefeh, [{beaduwe{] weorces, hwilum on beorh
+athwearf, sincf+at sohte.
<R 2300>
He +t+at sona [{onfand{] +d+at h+afde gumena sum goldes
gefandod, heahgestreona.
<R 2302>
Hordweard onbad
<P 72>
earfo+dlice o+d+d+at +afen cwom; w+as +da
gebolgen beorges hyrde, wolde [{se{] [{la+da{] lige forgyldan
drincf+at dyre.
<R 2306>
+ta w+as d+ag sceacen wyrme on willan; no on wealle l+ag,
bidan wolde, ac mid b+ale for, fyre gefysed.
<R 2309>
W+as se fruma egeslic leodum on lande, swa hyt lungre wear+d
on hyra sincgifan sare geendod.
<R 2312>
+da se g+ast ongan gledum spiwan, beorht hofu b+arnan;
bryneleoma stod eldum on andan.
<R 2314>
No [{+d+ar{] aht cwices la+d lyftfloga l+afan wolde.
<R 2316>
W+as +t+as wyrmes wig wide gesyne, nearofages ni+d nean ond
feorran, hu se gu+dscea+da Geata leode hatode
ond hynde; hord eft gesceat, dryhtsele dyrnne, +ar d+ages
hwile.
<R 2321>
H+afde landwara lige befangen, b+ale ond bronde, beorges
getruwode, wiges ond wealles; him seo wen geleah.
<R 2324>
+ta w+as Biowulfe broga gecy+ded snude to so+de, +t+at his
sylfes [{ham{] , bolda selest, brynewylmum mealt,
gifstol Geata.
<R 2327>
+t+at +dam godan w+as hreow on hre+dre, hygesorga m+ast; wende
se wisa +t+at he wealdende ofer ealde riht,
ecean dryhtne, bitre gebulge.
<R 2331>
Breost innan weoll +teostrum ge+toncum, swa him ge+tywe ne
w+as.
<R 2333>
H+afde ligdraca leoda f+asten, ealond utan, eor+dweard +done
gledum forgrunden; him +d+as gu+dkyning, Wedera +tioden,
wr+ace leornode.
<R 2337>
Heht him +ta gewyrcean wigendra hleo
<P 73>
eallirenne, eorla dryhten, wigbord wr+atlic; wisse he gearwe
+t+at him holtwudu [{helpan{] ne meahte, lind wi+d lige.
<R 2341>
Sceolde [{l+andaga{] +a+teling +argod ende gebidan, worulde
lifes, ond se wyrm somod, +teah +de hordwelan heolde lange.
<R 2345>
Oferhogode +da hringa fengel +t+at he +tone widflogan weorode
gesohte, sidan herge; no he him [{+ta{] s+acce
ondred, ne him +t+as wyrmes wig for wiht dyde, eafo+d ond
ellen, for+don he +ar fela nearo ne+dende ni+da
gedigde, hildehlemma, sy+d+dan he Hro+dgares, sigoreadig
secg, sele f+alsode ond +at gu+de forgrap Grendeles m+agum
la+dan cynnes.
<R 2354>
No +t+at l+asest w+as [{hondgemota{] , +t+ar mon Hygelac sloh,
sy+d+dan Geata cyning gu+de r+asum, freawine folca
Freslondum on, Hre+dles eafora hiorodryncum swealt, bille
gebeaten.
<R 2359>
+tonan Biowulf com sylfes cr+afte, sundnytte dreah; h+afde him
on earme [{ana{] XXX hildegeatwa, +ta he to holme [{beag{] .
<R 2362>
Nealles Hetware hremge [{+torfton{] fe+dewiges, +te him foran
ongean linde b+aron; lyt eft becwom fram +tam
[{hildfrecan{] hames niosan.
<R 2367>
Oferswam +da siole+da bigong sunu Ecg+deowes, earm anhaga, eft
to leodum; +t+ar him Hygd gebead hord ond
rice, beagas ond bregostol, bearne ne truwode +t+at he wi+d
+alfylcum e+telstolas healdan cu+de, +da w+as
Hygelac dead.
<P 74>
<R 2373>
No +dy +ar feasceafte findan meahton +at +dam +a+delinge
+anige +dinga, +t+at he Heardrede hlaford w+are o+d+de
+tone cynedom ciosan wolde; hw+a+dre he him on folce
freondlarum heold, estum mid are, o+d+d+at he yldra
wear+d, Wedergeatum weold.
<R 2379>
Hyne wr+acm+acgas ofer s+a sohtan, suna Ohteres; h+afdon hy
forhealden helm Scylfinga, +tone selestan s+acyninga
+tara +de in Swiorice sinc brytnade, m+arne +teoden.
<R 2384>
Him +t+at to mearce wear+d; he [{+t+ar{] [{for{] feorme
feorhwunde hleat sweordes swengum, sunu Hygelaces, ond
[{him{] eft gewat Ongen+dioes bearn hames niosan, sy+d+dan
Heardred l+ag, let +done bregostol Biowulf healdan,
Geatum wealdan.
<R 2390>
+t+at w+as god cyning.
<R 2391>
Se +d+as leodhryres lean gemunde uferan dogrum.
<R 2392>
Eadgilse wear+d feasceaftum freond, folce gestepte ofer s+a
side sunu Ohteres, wigum ond w+apnum; he gewr+ac sy+d+dan
cealdum cearsi+dum, cyning ealdre bineat.
<R 2397>
Swa he ni+da gehwane genesen h+afde, sli+dra [{geslyhta{] ,
sunu Ecg+diowes, ellenweorca, o+d +done anne d+ag
+te he wi+d +tam wyrme gewegan sceolde.
<R 2401>
Gewat +ta XIIa sum torne gebolgen dryhten Geata dracan
sceawian.
<R 2403>
H+afde +ta gefrunen hwanan sio f+ah+d aras,
<P 75>
bealoni+d biorna; him to bearme cwom ma+d+tumf+at m+are
+turh +d+as meldan hond.
<R 2406>
Se w+as on +dam +dreate +treotteo+da secg, se +d+as orleges or
onstealde, h+aft hygegiomor, sceolde hean +donon wong wisian.
<R 2409>
He ofer willan giong to +d+as +de he eor+dsele anne wisse,
hl+aw under hrusan holmwylme neh, y+dgewinne;
se w+as innan full wr+atta ond wira.
<R 2413>
Weard unhiore, gearo gu+dfreca, goldma+dmas heold, eald under
eor+dan.
<R 2415>
N+as +t+at y+de ceap to gegangenne gumena +anigum.
<R 2417>
Ges+at +da on n+asse ni+dheard cyning, +tenden h+alo abead
heor+dgeneatum, goldwine Geata.
<R 2419>
Him w+as geomor sefa, w+afre ond w+alfus, wyrd ungemete neah,
se +done gomelan gretan sceolde, secean sawle hord,
sundur ged+alan lif wi+d lice, no +ton lange w+as
feorh +a+telinges fl+asce bewunden.
<R 2425>
Biowulf ma+telade, bearn Ecg+deowes: Fela ic on giogo+de
gu+dr+asa gen+as, orleghwila; ic +t+at eall gemon.
<R 2428>
Ic w+as syfanwintre, +ta mec [{sinca{] [{baldor{] , freawine
folca, +at minum [{f+ader{] genam; heold mec ond h+afde
Hre+del cyning, geaf me sinc ond symbel, sibbe gemunde.
<R 2432>
N+as ic him to life la+dra owihte, beorn [{in{] burgum, +tonne
his bearna hwylc, Herebeald ond H+a+dcyn o+d+de Hygelac min.
<R 2435>
W+as +tam yldestan ungedefelice m+ages d+adum mor+torbed
stred, sy+d+dan hyne H+a+dcyn of hornbogan,
<P 76>
his freawine, flane geswencte, miste mercelses ond his m+ag
ofscet, bro+dor o+derne blodigan gare.
<R 2441>
+t+at w+as feohleas gefeoht, fyrenum gesyngad, hre+dre
hygeme+de; sceolde hw+a+dre swa +teah +a+deling unwrecen
ealdres linnan.
<R 2444>
Swa bi+d geomorlic gomelum ceorle to gebidanne, +t+at his byre
ride giong on galgan, +tonne he gyd wrece, sarigne sang,
+tonne his sunu hanga+d hrefne to hro+dre,
ond he him [{helpe{] ne m+ag, eald ond infrod,
+anige gefremman.
<R 2450>
Symble bi+d gemyndgad morna gehwylce eaforan ellorsi+d; o+dres
ne gyme+d to gebidanne burgum in innan yrfeweardas,
+tonne se an hafa+d +turh dea+des nyd d+ada
gefondad.
<R 2455>
Gesyh+d sorhcearig on his suna bure winsele westne, windge
reste reote berofene.
<R 2457>
Ridend swefa+d, h+ale+d in ho+dman; nis +t+ar hearpan sweg,
gomen in geardum, swylce +d+ar iu w+aron.
<R 2460>
Gewite+d +tonne on sealman, sorhleo+d g+ale+d an +after anum;
+tuhte him eall to rum, wongas ond wicstede.
<R 2462>
Swa Wedra helm +after Herebealde heortan sorge [{weallende{]
w+ag.
<R 2464>
Wihte ne meahte on +dam feorhbonan f+agh+de gebetan; no +dy
+ar he +tone hea+dorinc hatian ne meahte la+dum
d+adum, +teah him leof ne w+as.
<R 2468>
He +da mid +t+are sorhge, +te him [{swa{] sar belamp, gumdream
ofgeaf, godes leoht geceas, eaferum l+afde,
swa de+d eadig mon, lond ond leodbyrig, +ta he of life gewat.
<P 77>
<R 2472>
+ta w+as synn ond sacu Sweona ond Geata ofer [{wid{] w+ater,
wroht gem+ane, hereni+d hearda, sy+d+dan Hre+del
swealt, o+d+de him Ongen+deowes eaferan w+aran frome,
fyrdhwate, freode ne woldon ofer heafo healdan,
ac ymb Hreosnabeorh eatolne inwitscear oft [{gefremedon{] .
<R 2479>
+t+at m+agwine mine gewr+acan, f+ah+de ond fyrene, swa hyt
gefr+age w+as, +teah +de o+der his ealdre gebohte,
heardan ceape: H+a+dcynne wear+d, Geata dryhtne, gu+d ons+age.
<R 2484>
+ta ic on morgne gefr+agn m+ag o+derne billes ecgum on bonan
st+alan, +t+ar Ongen+teow Eofores niosa+d.
<R 2487>
Gu+dhelm toglad, gomela Scylfing hreas [{hildeblac{] ; hond
gemunde f+ah+do genoge, feorhsweng ne ofteah.
<R 2490>
Ic him +ta ma+dmas, +te he me sealde, geald +at gu+de, swa me
gife+de w+as, leohtan sweorde; he me lond forgeaf,
eard, e+delwyn.
<R 2493>
N+as him +anig +tearf +t+at he to Gif+dum o+d+de to Gardenum
o+d+de in Swiorice secean +turfe [{wyrsan{] wigfrecan,
weor+de gecypan.
<R 2497>
Symle ic him on fe+dan beforan wolde, ana on orde, ond swa to
aldre sceall s+acce fremman, +tenden +tis
sweord +tola+d, +t+at mec +ar ond si+d oft gel+aste.
<R 2501>
Sy+d+dan ic for duge+dum D+aghrefne wear+d to handbonan, Huga
cempan; nalles he +da fr+atwe [{Frescyninge{] ,
breostweor+dunge, bringan moste, ac in [{compe{] gecrong
cumbles hyrde,
<P 78>
+a+teling on elne; ne w+as ecg bona, ac him hildegrap
heortan wylmas, banhus gebr+ac.
<R 2508>
Nu sceall billes ecg, hond ond heard sweord, ymb hord wigan.
<R 2510>
Beowulf ma+delode, beotwordum spr+ac niehstan si+de: Ic
gene+dde fela gu+da on geogo+de; gyt ic wylle, frod folces
weard, f+ah+de secan, [{m+ar+du{] fremman, gif mec
se manscea+da of eor+dsele ut gesece+d.
<R 2516>
Gegrette +da gumena gehwylcne, hwate helmberend, hindeman
si+de, sw+ase gesi+das: Nolde ic sweord beran, w+apen to
wyrme, gif ic wiste hu wi+d +dam agl+acean
[{elles{] meahte gylpe wi+dgripan, swa ic gio [{wi+d{]
Grendle dyde.
<R 2522>
Ac ic +d+ar hea+dufyres hates wene, [{ore+des{] ond
[{attres{] ; for+don ic me on hafu bord ond byrnan.
<R 2524>
Nelle ic beorges weard [{forfleon{] fotes trem, ac unc
[{fur+dur{] sceal weor+dan +at wealle, swa unc wyrd geteo+d,
metod manna gehw+as.
<R 2527>
Ic eom on mode from +t+at ic wi+d +tone gu+dflogan gylp
ofersitte.
<R 2529>
Gebide ge on beorge byrnum werede, secgas on searwum, hw+a+der
sel m+age +after w+alr+ase wunde gedygan uncer twega.
<R 2532>
Nis +t+at eower si+d ne gemet mannes, [{nefne{] min anes,
[{+t+at{] he wi+d agl+acean eofo+do d+ale, eorlscype efne.
<R 2535>
Ic mid elne sceall gold gegangan, o+d+de gu+d nime+d,
feorhbealu frecne, frean eowerne.
<R 2538>
Aras +da bi ronde rof oretta,
<P 79>
heard under helme, hiorosercean b+ar under stancleofu,
strengo getruwode anes mannes.
<R 2541>
Ne bi+d swylc earges si+d.
<R 2542>
Geseah +da be wealle se [{+de{] worna fela, gumcystum god,
gu+da gedigde, hildehlemma, +tonne hnitan fe+dan,
[{stondan{] stanbogan, stream ut +tonan brecan of beorge.
<R 2546>
W+as +t+are burnan w+alm hea+dofyrum hat; ne meahte horde neah
unbyrnende +anige hwile deop gedygan for dracan lege.
<R 2550>
Let +da of breostum, +da he gebolgen w+as, Wedergeata leod
word ut faran, stearcheort styrmde; stefn in becom hea+dotorht
hlynnan under harne stan.
<R 2554>
Hete w+as onhrered, hordweard oncniow mannes reorde; n+as
+d+ar mara fyrst freode to friclan.
<R 2556>
From +arest cwom oru+d agl+acean ut of stane, hat hildeswat.
<R 2558>
Hruse dynede.
<R 2559>
Biorn under beorge bordrand onswaf wi+d +dam gryregieste,
Geata dryhten; +da w+as hringbogan heorte gefysed s+acce
to seceanne.
<R 2562>
Sweord +ar gebr+ad god gu+dcyning, gomele lafe, ecgum
[{unslaw{] ; +aghw+a+drum w+as bealohycgendra broga fram
o+drum.
<R 2566>
Sti+dmod gestod [{wi+d{] steapne rond winia bealdor, +da se
wyrm gebeah snude tosomne; he on searwum bad.
<R 2569>
Gewat +da byrnende gebogen scri+dan, to gescipe scyndan.
<R 2570>
Scyld wel gebearg life ond lice l+assan hwile m+arum +teodne
+tonne his myne sohte, +d+ar he +ty fyrste, forman dogore
<P 80>
wealdan moste swa him wyrd ne gescraf hre+d +at hilde.
<R 2575>
Hond up abr+ad Geata dryhten, gryrefahne sloh incgelafe, +t+at
sio ecg gewac brun on bane, bat unswi+dor +tonne his
+diodcyning +tearfe h+afde, bysigum geb+aded.
<R 2580>
+ta w+as beorges weard +after hea+duswenge on hreoum mode,
wearp w+alfyre; wide sprungon hildeleoman.
<R 2583>
Hre+dsigora ne gealp goldwine Geata; gu+dbill geswac, nacod
+at ni+de, swa hyt no sceolde, iren +argod.
<R 2586>
Ne w+as +t+at e+de si+d, +t+at se m+ara maga Ecg+deowes
grundwong +tone ofgyfan wolde; sceolde [{ofer{] willan wic
eardian elles hwergen, swa sceal +aghwylc mon al+atan
l+andagas.
<R 2591>
N+as +da long to +don +t+at +da agl+acean hy eft gemetton.
<R 2593>
Hyrte hyne hordweard hre+der +a+dme weoll niwan stefne; nearo
+drowode, fyre befongen, se +de +ar folce weold.
<R 2596>
Nealles him on heape [{handgesteallan{] , +a+delinga bearn,
ymbe gestodon hildecystum, ac hy on holt bugon, ealdre burgan.
<R 2599>
Hiora in anum weoll sefa wi+d sorgum; sibb +afre ne m+ag wiht
onwendan +tam +de wel +tence+d.
<R 2602>
Wiglaf w+as haten Weoxstanes sunu, leoflic lindwiga, leod
Scylfinga, m+ag +alfheres; geseah his mondryhten under
heregriman hat +trowian.
<R 2606>
Gemunde +da +da are +te he him +ar forgeaf,
<P 81>
wicstede weligne W+agmundinga, folcrihta gehwylc,
swa his f+ader ahte.
<R 2609>
Ne mihte +da forhabban; hond rond gefeng, geolwe linde, gomel
swyrd geteah, +t+at w+as mid eldum Eanmundes laf,
suna [{Ohteres{] .
<R 2612>
+tam +at s+acce wear+d, [{wr+accan{] wineleasum, [{Weohstan{]
bana meces ecgum, ond his magum +atb+ar brunfagne
helm, hringde byrnan, eald sweord etonisc; +t+at him Onela
forgeaf, his g+adelinges gu+dgew+adu, fyrdsearo fuslic,
no ymbe +da f+ah+de spr+ac, +teah +de he his
bro+dor bearn abredwade.
<R 2620>
He fr+atwe geheold fela missera, bill ond byrnan, o+d+d+at his
byre mihte eorlscipe efnan swa his +arf+ader;
geaf him +da mid Geatum gu+dgew+ada, +aghw+as unrim, +ta
he of ealdre gewat, frod on for+dweg.
<R 2625>
+ta w+as forma si+d geongan cempan, +t+at he gu+de r+as mid
his freodryhtne fremman sceolde.
<R 2628>
Ne gemealt him se modsefa, ne his [{m+ages{] laf gewac +at
wige; [{+t+at{] se wyrm onfand, sy+d+dan hie tog+adre
gegan h+afdon.
<R 2631>
Wiglaf ma+delode, wordrihta fela s+agde gesi+dum him w+as sefa
geomor: Ic +d+at [{m+al{] geman, +t+ar we medu +tegun,
+tonne [{we{] geheton ussum hlaforde in biorsele, +de us
+das beagas geaf, +t+at we him +da gu+dgetawa
gyldan woldon gif him +tyslicu +tearf gelumpe, helmas ond
heard sweord.
<R 2638>
+de he usic on herge geceas to +dyssum si+dfate sylfes willum,
onmunde usic m+ar+da, ond me +tas ma+dmas geaf,
<P 82>
+te he usic garwigend gode tealde, hwate helmberend,
+teah +de hlaford us +tis ellenweorc ana a+dohte to
gefremmanne, folces hyrde, for +dam he manna m+ast
m+ar+da gefremede, d+ada dollicra.
<R 2646>
Nu is se d+ag cumen +t+at ure mandryhten m+agenes behofa+d,
godra gu+drinca; wutun gongan to, helpan hildfruman,
+tenden hyt sy, gledegesa grim.
<R 2650>
God wat on mec +t+at me is micle leofre +t+at minne lichaman
mid minne goldgyfan gled f+a+dmie.
<R 2653>
Ne +tynce+d me gerysne +t+at we rondas beren eft to earde,
nemne we +aror m+agen fane gefyllan, feorh ealgian
Wedra +deodnes.
<R 2656>
Ic wat [{geare{] +t+at n+aron ealdgewyrht, +t+at he ana scyle
[{Geata{] dugu+de gnorn +trowian, gesigan +at s+acce;
urum sceal sweord ond helm, byrne ond [{beaduscrud{] , bam
gem+ane.
<R 2661>
Wod +ta +turh +tone w+alrec, wigheafolan b+ar frean on fultum,
fea worda [{cw+a+d{] : Leofa Biowulf, l+ast eall
tela, swa +du on geogu+dfeore geara gecw+ade +t+at +du ne
al+ate be +de lifigendum dom gedreosan.
<R 2666>
Scealt nu d+adum rof, +a+deling anhydig, ealle m+agene feorh
ealgian; ic +de full+astu.
<R 2669>
+after +dam wordum wyrm yrre cwom, atol inwitg+ast, o+dre
si+de fyrwylmum fah fionda [{niosian{] ,
<P 83>
la+dra manna; ligy+dum for.
<R 2673>
Born bord wi+d rond, byrne ne meahte geongum garwigan geoce
gefremman, ac se maga geonga [{under{] his
m+ages scyld elne geeode, +ta his agen [{w+as{] gledum
forgrunden.
<R 2677>
+ta gen gu+dcyning [{m+ar+da{] gemunde, m+agenstrengo sloh
hildebille, +t+at hyt on heafolan stod ni+te genyded;
n+agling forb+arst, geswac +at s+acce sweord Biowulfes,
gomol ond gr+agm+al.
<R 2681>
Him +t+at gife+de ne w+as +t+at him irenna ecge mihton helpan
+at hilde; w+as sio hond to strong, se +de meca gehwane,
mine gefr+age, swenge ofersohte, +tonne he to
s+acce b+ar w+apen [{wundrum{] heard; n+as him wihte +de sel.
<R 2688>
+ta w+as +teodscea+da +triddan si+de, frecne fyrdraca, f+ah+da
gemyndig, r+asde on +done rofan, +ta him rum ageald,
hat ond hea+dogrim, heals ealne ymbefeng biteran banum;
he geblodegod wear+d sawuldriore, swat
y+dum weoll.
<R 2694>
+da ic +at +tearfe [{gefr+agn{] +teodcyninges andlongne eorl
ellen cy+dan, cr+aft ond cen+du, swa him gecynde
w+as.
<R 2697>
Ne hedde he +t+as heafolan, ac sio hand gebarn modiges mannes,
+t+ar he his [{m+ages{] healp, +t+at he +tone ni+dg+ast
nio+dor hwene sloh, secg on searwum, +t+at +d+at
sweord gedeaf, fah ond f+ated, +t+at +d+at fyr ongon
swe+drian sy+d+dan.
<R 2702>
+ta gen sylf cyning geweold his gewitte, w+allseaxe gebr+ad
biter ond beaduscearp, +t+at he on byrnan w+ag;
forwrat Wedra helm wyrm on middan.
<R 2706>
Feond gefyldan ferh ellen wr+ac,
<P 84>
ond hi hyne +ta begen abroten h+afdon, sib+a+delingas.
<R 2708>
Swylc sceolde secg wesan, +tegn +at +dearfe.
<R 2709>
+t+at +dam +teodne w+as [{si+dast{] sigehwila sylfes d+adum,
worlde geweorces.
<R 2711>
+da sio wund ongon, +te him se [{eor+ddraca{] +ar geworhte,
swelan ond swellan; he +t+at sona onfand,
+t+at him on breostum [{bealoni+de{] weoll attor on innan.
<R 2715>
+da se +a+deling giong +t+at he bi wealle wishycgende ges+at
on sesse; seah on enta geweorc, hu +da stanbogan stapulum
f+aste ece eor+dreced innan healde.
<R 2720>
Hyne +ta mid handa heorodreorigne, +teoden m+arne, +tegn
ungemete till [{winedryhten{] his w+atere gelafede,
hilde s+adne, ond his [{helm{] onspeon.
<R 2724>
Biowulf ma+telode he ofer benne spr+ac, wunde w+albleate;
wisse he gearwe +t+at he d+aghwila gedrogen h+afde,
eor+dan [{wynne{] ; +da w+as eall sceacen dogorgerimes,
dea+d ungemete neah: Nu ic suna minum syllan wolde
gu+dgew+adu, +t+ar me gife+de swa +anig yrfeweard +after
wurde lice gelenge.
<R 2732>
Ic +das leode heold fiftig wintra; n+as se folccyning,
ymbesittendra +anig +dara, +te mec gu+dwinum gretan dorste,
egesan +deon.
<R 2736>
Ic on earde bad m+algesceafta, heold min tela, ne sohte
searoni+das, ne me swor fela
<P 85>
a+da on unriht.
<R 2739>
Ic +d+as ealles m+ag feorhbennum seoc gefean habban; for +dam
me witan ne +dearf waldend fira mor+dorbealo maga,
+tonne min sceace+d lif of lice.
<R 2742>
Nu +du lungre geong hord sceawian under harne stan, Wiglaf
leofa, nu se wyrm lige+d, swefe+d sare wund, since bereafod.
<R 2747>
Bio nu on ofoste, +t+at ic +arwelan, gold+aht ongite, gearo
sceawige swegle searogimmas, +t+at ic +dy seft
m+age +after ma+d+dumwelan min al+atan lif ond leodscipe,
+tone ic longe heold.
<R 2752>
+da ic snude gefr+agn sunu Wihstanes +after wordcwydum wundum
dryhtne hyran hea+dosiocum, hringnet beran, brogdne
beadusercean [{under{] beorges hrof.
<R 2756>
Geseah +da sigehre+dig, +ta he bi sesse geong, mago+tegn modig
ma+d+dumsigla fealo, gold glitinian grunde
getenge, wundur on wealle, ond +t+as wyrmes denn, ealdes
uhtflogan, orcas stondan, fyrnmanna fatu feormendlease,
hyrstum behrorene; +t+ar w+as helm monig eald ond
omig, earmbeaga fela searwum ges+aled.
<R 2764>
Sinc ea+de m+ag, gold on [{grunde{] , gumcynnes gehwone
oferhigian, hyde se +de wylle.
<R 2767>
Swylce he siomian geseah segn eallgylden heah ofer horde,
hondwundra m+ast, gelocen leo+docr+aftum; of
+dam [{leoma{] stod, +t+at he +tone grundwong ongitan meahte,
[{wr+ate{] giondwlitan.
<R 2771>
N+as +d+as wyrmes +t+ar onsyn +anig, ac hyne ecg fornam.
<P 86>
<R 2773>
+da ic on hl+awe gefr+agn hord reafian, eald enta geweorc,
anne mannan, him on bearm [{hladon{] bunan ond
discas sylfes dome; segn eac genom, beacna beorhtost.
<R 2777>
Bill +ar gescod ecg w+as iren ealdhlafordes +tam +dara ma+dma
mundbora w+as longe hwile, ligegesan w+ag hatne for horde,
hioroweallende middelnihtum, o+d+t+at he
mor+dre swealt.
<R 2783>
Ar w+as on ofoste, eftsi+des georn, fr+atwum gefyr+dred; hyne
fyrwet br+ac, hw+a+der collenfer+d cwicne gemette in +dam
wongstede Wedra +teoden ellensiocne, +t+ar he
hine +ar forlet.
<R 2788>
He +da mid +tam ma+dmum m+arne +tioden, dryhten sinne,
driorigne fand ealdres +at ende; he hine eft ongon
w+ateres weorpan, o+d+t+at wordes ord breosthord +turhbr+ac.
<R 2793>
[{gomel{] on [{gioh+de{] gold sceawode: Ic +dara fr+atwa frean
ealles +danc, wuldurcyninge, wordum secge, ecum dryhtne,
+te ic her on starie, +t+as +de ic moste minum
leodum +ar swyltd+age swylc gestrynan.
<R 2799>
Nu ic on ma+dma hord [{mine{] bebohte frode feorhlege,
fremma+d gena leoda +tearfe; ne m+ag ic her leng wesan.
<R 2802>
Hata+d hea+dom+are hl+aw gewyrcean beorhtne +after b+ale +at
brimes nosan; se scel to gemyndum minum leodum heah hlifian
on Hronesn+asse,
<P 87>
+t+at hit s+ali+dend sy+d+dan hatan Biowulfes biorh,
+da +de brentingas ofer floda genipu feorran drifa+d.
<R 2809>
Dyde him of healse hring gyldenne +tioden +tristhydig, +tegne
gesealde, geongum garwigan, goldfahne helm, beah ond byrnan,
het hyne brucan well: +tu eart endelaf usses cynnes,
W+agmundinga.
<R 2814>
Ealle wyrd [{forsweop{] mine magas to metodsceafte, eorlas on
elne; ic him +after sceal.
<R 2817>
+t+at w+as +tam gomelan ging+aste word breostgehygdum, +ar he
b+al cure, hate hea+dowylmas; him of [{hre+dre{]
gewat sawol secean so+df+astra dom.
<R 2821>
+da w+as gegongen [{guman{] unfrodum earfo+dlice, +t+at he on
eor+dan geseah +tone leofestan lifes +at ende bleate geb+aran.
<R 2824>
Bona swylce l+ag, egeslic eor+ddraca ealdre bereafod, bealwe
geb+aded.
<R 2826>
Beahhordum leng wyrm wohbogen wealdan ne moste, ac [{hine{]
irenna ecga fornamon, hearde, hea+doscearde
homera lafe, +t+at se widfloga wundum stille hreas on hrusan
hord+arne neah.
<R 2832>
Nalles +after lyfte lacende hwearf middelnihtum, ma+dm+ahta
wlonc ansyn ywde, ac he eor+dan gefeoll for
+d+as hildfruman hondgeweorce.
<R 2836>
Huru +t+at on lande lyt manna +dah, m+agenagendra, mine
gefr+age, +teah +de he d+ada gehw+as dyrstig w+are,
+t+at he wi+d attorscea+dan ore+de ger+asde, o+d+de hringsele
hondum styrede, gif he w+accende weard onfunde
<P 88>
buon on beorge.
<R 2842>
Biowulfe wear+d dryhtma+dma d+al dea+de forgolden; h+afde
[{+aghw+a+der{] ende gefered l+anan lifes.
<R 2845>
N+as +da lang to +don +t+at +da hildlatan holt ofgefan, tydre
treowlogan tyne +atsomne.
<R 2848>
+da ne dorston +ar dare+dum lacan on hyra mandryhtnes miclan
+tearfe, ac hy scamiende scyldas b+aran, gu+dgew+adu,
+t+ar se gomela l+ag, wlitan on Wilaf.
<R 2852>
He gewergad s+at, fe+decempa, frean eaxlum neah, wehte hyne
w+atre; him wiht ne [{speow{] .
<R 2855>
Ne meahte he on eor+dan, +deah he u+de wel, on +dam frumgare
feorh gehealdan, ne +d+as wealdendes wiht oncirran;
wolde dom godes d+adum r+adan gumena gehwylcum, swa he
nu gen de+d.
<R 2860>
+ta w+as +at +dam [{geongan{] grim [{ondswaru{] e+dbegete +tam
+de +ar his elne forleas.
<R 2862>
Wiglaf ma+delode, Weohstanes sunu, sec, sarigfer+d seah on
unleofe: +t+at, la, m+ag secgan se +de wyle so+d specan
+t+at se mondryhten se eow +da ma+dmas geaf, eoredgeatwe,
+te ge +t+ar on standa+d, +tonne he on ealubence oft gesealde
healsittendum helm ond byrnan, +teoden his +tegnum,
swylce he +trydlicost ower feor o+d+de neah findan meahte,
+t+at he genunga gu+dgew+adu wra+de forwurpe,
+da hyne wig beget.
<R 2873>
Nealles folccyning fyrdgesteallum gylpan +torfte; hw+a+dre him
god u+de, sigora waldend, +t+at he hyne sylfne gewr+ac
ana mid ecge, +ta him w+as elnes +tearf.
<R 2877>
Ic him lifwra+de lytle meahte
<P 89>
+atgifan +at gu+de, ond ongan
swa +teah ofer min gemet m+ages helpan; symle
w+as +ty s+amra, +tonne ic sweorde drep ferh+dgeni+dlan, fyr
unswi+dor weoll of gewitte.
<R 2882>
[{Wergendra{] to lyt +trong ymbe +teoden, +ta hyne sio +trag
becwom.
<R 2884>
[{Nu{] sceal sinc+tego ond swyrdgifu, eall e+delwyn eowrum
cynne, lufen alicgean; londrihtes mot +t+are m+agburge
monna +aghwylc idel hweorfan, sy+d+dan +a+delingas
feorran gefricgean fleam eowerne, domleasan d+ad.
<R 2890>
Dea+d bi+d sella eorla gehwylcum +tonne edwitlif.
<R 2892>
Heht +da +t+at hea+doweorc to hagan biodan up ofer ecgclif,
+t+ar +t+at eorlweorod morgenlongne d+ag modgiomor s+at,
bordh+abbende, bega on wenum, endedogores ond
eftcymes leofes monnes.
<R 2897>
Lyt swigode niwra spella se +de n+as gerad, ac he so+dlice
s+agde ofer ealle: Nu is wilgeofa Wedra leoda, dryhten Geata,
dea+dbedde f+ast, wuna+d w+alreste wyrmes d+adum.
<R 2903>
Him on efn lige+d ealdorgewinna [{sexbennum{] seoc; sweorde ne
meahte on +dam agl+acean +anige +tinga wunde
gewyrcean.
<R 2906>
Wiglaf site+d ofer Biowulfe, byre Wihstanes,
<P 90>
eorl ofer o+drum unlifigendum, healde+d higem+a+dum
heafodwearde leofes ond la+des.
<R 2910>
Nu ys leodum wen orleghwile, sy+d+dan [{underne{] Froncum ond
Frysum fyll cyninges wide weor+de+d.
<R 2913>
W+as sio wroht scepen heard wi+d Hugas, sy+d+dan Higelac cwom
faran flotherge on Fresna land, +t+ar hyne
Hetware hilde [{gen+agdon{] , elne geeodon mid oferm+agene,
+t+at se byrnwiga bugan sceolde, feoll on fe+dan,
nalles fr+atwe geaf ealdor dugo+de.
<R 2920>
Us w+as a sy+d+dan Merewioingas milts ungyfe+de.
<R 2921>
Ne ic [{to{] Sweo+deode sibbe o+d+de treowe wihte ne wene, ac
w+as wide cu+d +t+atte Ongen+dio ealdre besny+dede H+a+tcen
Hre+tling wi+d Hrefnawudu, +ta for onmedlan +arest
gesohton Geata leode Gu+dscilfingas.
<R 2928>
Sona him se froda f+ader Ohtheres, eald ond egesfull,
[{ondslyht{] ageaf, abreot brimwisan, bryd [{ahredde{] ,
gomela [{iomeowlan{] golde berofene, Onelan modor ond
Ohtheres, ond +da folgode feorhgeni+dlan, o+d+d+at hi
o+deodon earfo+dlice in Hrefnesholt hlafordlease.
<R 2936>
Bes+at +da sinherge sweorda lafe, wundum werge, wean oft gehet
earmre teohhe ondlonge niht, cw+a+d, he on mergenne meces ecgum
<P 91>
getan wolde, sum on [{galgtreowum{] [{fuglum{] to gamene.
<R 2941>
Frofor eft gelamp sarigmodum somod +ard+age, sy+d+dan hie
Hygelaces horn ond byman, gealdor ongeaton, +ta se goda com
leoda dugo+de on last faran.
<R 2946>
W+as sio swatswa+du [{Sweona{] ond Geata, w+alr+as weora wide
gesyne, hu +da folc mid him f+ah+de towehton.
<R 2949>
Gewat him +da se goda mid his g+adelingum, frod, felageomor,
f+asten secean, eorl Ongen+tio, ufor oncirde; h+afde Higelaces
hilde gefrunen, wlonces wigcr+aft, wi+dres ne truwode,
+t+at he s+amannum onsacan mihte, hea+doli+dendum hord
forstandan, bearn ond bryde; beah eft +tonan eald
under eor+dweall.
<R 2957>
+ta w+as +aht boden Sweona leodum, segn [{Higelaces{]
freo+dowong +tone [{for+d{] ofereodon, sy+d+dan Hre+dlingas
to hagan +trungon.
<R 2961>
+t+ar wear+d Ongen+diow ecgum [{sweorda{] , blondenfexa, on bid
wrecen, +t+at se +teodcyning +dafian sceolde Eafores anne dom.
<R 2964>
Hyne yrringa Wulf Wonreding w+apne ger+ahte, +t+at him for
swenge swat +adrum sprong for+d under fexe.
<R 2967>
N+as he forht swa +deh, gomela Scilfing, ac forgeald hra+de
wyrsan wrixle w+alhlem +tone, sy+d+dan +deodcyning
+tyder oncirde.
<R 2971>
Ne meahte se snella sunu Wonredes ealdum ceorle [{ondslyht{]
giofan,
<P 92>
ac he him on heafde helm +ar gescer, +t+at he blode fah
bugan sceolde, feoll on foldan; n+as he f+age +ta git,
ac he hyne gewyrpte, +teah +de him wund hrine.
<R 2977>
Let se hearda Higelaces +tegn [{bradne{] mece, +ta his bro+dor
l+ag, eald sweord eotonisc, entiscne helm brecan ofer
bordweal; +da gebeah cyning, folces hyrde, w+as in
feorh dropen.
<R 2982>
+da w+aron monige +te his m+ag wri+don, ricone ar+ardon, +da
him gerymed wear+d +t+at hie w+alstowe wealdan moston.
<R 2985>
+tenden reafode rinc o+derne, nam on Ongen+dio irenbyrnan,
heard swyrd hilted ond his helm somod, hares hyrste
Higelace b+ar.
<R 2989>
[{He{] [{+dam{] fr+atwum feng ond him f+agre gehet leana
[{mid{] leodum, ond [{gel+aste{] swa.
<R 2991>
geald +tone gu+dr+as Geata dryhten, Hre+dles eafora, +ta he to
ham becom, Iofore ond Wulfe mid oferma+dmum,
sealde hiora gehw+a+drum hund +tusenda landes ond locenra
beaga ne +dorfte him +da lean o+dwitan mon on middangearde,
[{sy+d+dan{] hie +da m+ar+da geslogon, ond +da
Iofore forgeaf angan dohtor, hamweor+dunge, hyldo to wedde.
<R 2999>
+t+at ys sio f+ah+do ond se feondscipe, w+alni+d wera, +d+as
+de ic [{wen{] hafo, +te us secea+d to Sweona leoda,
sy+d+dan hie gefricgea+d frean userne ealdorleasne, +tone +de
+ar geheold wi+d hettendum hord ond rice +after h+ale+da
hryre, hwate Scildingas, folcred fremede o+d+de
fur+dur gen eorlscipe efnde.
<R 3007>
[{Nu{] is ofost betost
<P 93>
+t+at we +teodcyning +t+ar sceawian ond +tone gebringan,
+te us beagas geaf, on adf+are.
<R 3010>
Ne scel anes hw+at meltan mid +tam modigan, ac +t+ar is ma+dma
hord, gold unrime grimme [{geceapod{] , ond nu +at si+destan
sylfes feore beagas [{gebohte{] .
<R 3014>
+ta sceall brond fretan, +aled +teccean, nalles eorl wegan
ma+d+dum to gemyndum, ne m+ag+d scyne habban on
healse hringweor+dunge, ac sceal geomormod, golde bereafod,
oft nalles +ane elland tredan, nu se herewisa hleahtor alegde,
gamen ond gleodream.
<R 3021>
For+don sceall gar wesan monig, morgenceald, mundum bewunden,
h+afen on handa, nalles hearpan sweg wigend weccean,
ac se wonna hrefn fus ofer f+agum fela reordian,
earne secgan hu him +at +ate speow,
+tenden he wi+d wulf w+al reafode.
<R 3028>
Swa se secg hwata secggende w+as la+dra spella; he ne leag
fela wyrda ne worda.
<R 3030>
Weorod eall aras; eodon unbli+de under Earnan+as, wollenteare
[{wundur{] sceawian.
<R 3033>
Fundon +da on sande sawulleasne hlimbed healdan +tone +te him
hringas geaf +arran m+alum; +ta w+as ended+ag
godum gegongen, +t+at se gu+dcyning, Wedra +teoden,
wundordea+de swealt.
<R 3038>
+ar hi +t+ar gesegan syllicran wiht, wyrm on wonge
wi+derr+ahtes +t+ar [{la+dne{] licgean; w+as se legdraca
<P 94>
grimlic, [{gryrefah{] , gledum besw+aled.
<R 3042>
Se w+as fiftiges fotgemearces lang on legere, lyftwynne heold
nihtes hwilum, ny+der eft gewat dennes
niosian; w+as +da dea+de f+ast, h+afde eor+dscrafa ende
genyttod.
<R 3047>
Him big stodan bunan ond orcas, discas lagon ond dyre swyrd,
omige, +turhetone, swa hie wi+d eor+dan f+a+dm +tusend wintra
+t+ar eardodon.
<R 3051>
+tonne w+as +t+at yrfe, eacencr+aftig, iumonna gold galdre
bewunden, +t+at +dam hringsele hrinan ne moste gumena +anig,
nefne god sylfa, sigora so+dcyning, sealde +tam +de he
wolde he is manna gehyld hord openian, efne swa hwylcum manna
swa him gemet +duhte.
<R 3058>
+ta w+as gesyne +t+at se si+d ne +dah +tam +de unrihte inne
gehydde [{wr+ate{] under wealle.
<R 3060>
Weard +ar ofsloh feara sumne; +ta sio f+ah+d gewear+d gewrecen
wra+dlice.
<R 3062>
Wundur hwar +tonne eorl ellenrof ende gefere lifgesceafta,
+tonne leng ne m+ag mon mid his [{magum{] meduseld buan.
<R 3066>
Swa w+as Biowulfe, +ta he biorges weard sohte, searoni+das;
seolfa ne cu+de +turh hw+at his worulde gedal
weor+dan sceolde.
<R 3069>
Swa hit o+d domes d+ag diope benemdon +teodnas m+are, +ta
+d+at +t+ar dydon, +t+at se secg w+are synnum scildig,
hergum gehea+derod, hellbendum f+ast, wommum gewitnad, se
+done wong [{strude{] , n+as he goldhw+ate gearwor h+afde
agendes est +ar gesceawod.
<R 3076>
Wiglaf ma+delode, Wihstanes sunu:
<P 95>
Oft sceall eorl monig anes willan wr+ac [{adreogan{] ,
swa us geworden is.
<R 3079>
Ne meahton we gel+aran leofne +teoden, rices hyrde, r+ad
+anigne, +t+at he ne grette goldweard +tone, lete
hyne licgean +t+ar he longe w+as, wicum wunian o+d
woruldende; heold on heahgesceap.
<R 3084>
Hord ys gesceawod, grimme gegongen; w+as +t+at gife+de to
swi+d +te +done [{+teodcyning{] +tyder ontyhte.
<R 3087>
Ic w+as +t+ar inne ond +t+at eall geondseh, recedes geatwa,
+ta me gerymed w+as, nealles sw+aslice si+d alyfed inn
under eor+dweall.
<R 3090>
Ic on ofoste gefeng micle mid mundum m+agenbyr+denne
hordgestreona, hider ut +atb+ar cyninge minum.
<R 3093>
Cwico w+as +ta gena, wis ond gewittig; worn eall gespr+ac
gomol on geh+do ond eowic gretan het, b+ad +t+at
ge geworhton +after wines d+adum in b+alstede beorh +tone
hean, micelne ond m+arne, swa he manna w+as wigend
weor+dfullost wide geond eor+dan, +tenden he burhwelan
brucan moste.
<R 3101>
Uton nu efstan o+dre [{si+de{] , seon ond secean [{searogimma{]
ge+tr+ac, wundur under wealle; ic eow wisige,
+t+at ge genoge neon sceawia+d beagas ond brad gold.
<R 3105>
Sie sio b+ar gearo, +adre ge+afned, +tonne we ut cymen, ond
+tonne geferian frean userne, leofne mannan,
+t+ar he longe sceal on +d+as waldendes w+are ge+tolian.
<R 3110>
Het +da gebeodan byre Wihstanes, h+ale hildedior, h+ale+da
monegum
<P 96>
boldagendra, +t+at hie b+alwudu feorran feredon, folcagende,
godum togenes: Nu sceal gled fretan, weaxan wonna leg
wigena strengel, +tone +de oft gebad isernscure,
+tonne str+ala storm strengum geb+aded
scoc ofer scildweall, sceft nytte heold,
[{fe+dergearwum{] fus flane fulleode.
<R 3120>
Huru se snotra sunu Wihstanes acigde of cor+dre [{cyninges{]
+tegnas [{syfone{] [{tosomne{] , +ta selestan, eode
eahta sum under inwithrof [{hilderinca{] ; sum on handa b+ar
+aledleoman, se +de on orde geong.
<R 3126>
N+as +da on hlytme hwa +t+at hord strude, sy+d+dan orwearde
+anigne d+al secgas gesegon on sele wunian, l+ane licgan;
lyt +anig mearn +t+at hi [{ofostlice{] ut geferedon
dyre ma+dmas.
<R 3131>
Dracan ec scufun, wyrm ofer weallclif, leton weg niman, flod
f+a+dmian fr+atwa hyrde.
<R 3134>
+ta w+as wunden gold on w+an hladen, +aghw+as unrim,
[{+a+teling{] boren, har hilderinc to Hronesn+asse.
<R 3137>
Him +da gegiredan Geata leode ad on eor+dan unwaclicne,
[{helmum{] behongen, hildebordum, beorhtum byrnum,
swa he bena w+as; alegdon +da tomiddes m+arne +teoden
h+ale+d hiofende, [{hlaford{] leofne.
<P 97>
<R 3143>
Ongunnon +ta on beorge b+alfyra m+ast wigend weccan;
[{wudurec{] astah, sweart ofer [{swio+dole{] ,
swogende leg wope bewunden windblond gel+ag,
o+d+t+at he +da banhus gebrocen [{h+afde{] , hat on hre+dre.
<R 3148>
Higum unrote modceare m+andon, mondryhtnes [{cwealm{] ; swylce
giomorgyd [{Geatisc{] meowle [{bundenheorde{] [{song{]
sorgcearig [{swi+de{] geneahhe +t+at hio hyre
[{heofungdagas{] hearde [{ondrede{] , w+alfylla [{worn{] ,
werudes egesan, hyn+do ond [{h+aftnyd{] .
<R 3155>
Heofon rece [{swealg{] .
<R 3156>
Geworhton +ta Wedra leode hleo on hoe, se w+as heah ond brad,
w+agli+dendum wide gesyne, ond [{betimbredon{] on tyn dagum
beadurofes becn, bronda lafe wealle beworhton,
swa hyt weor+dlicost foresnotre men findan mihton.
<R 3163>
Hi on beorg dydon beg ond siglu, eall swylce hyrsta, swylce on
horde +ar ni+dhedige men genumen h+afdon, forleton eorla
gestreon eor+dan healdan, gold on greote,
+t+ar hit nu gen lifa+d eldum swa unnyt swa
[{hit{] [{+aror{] w+as.
<R 3169>
+ta ymbe hl+aw riodan hildediore,
<P 98>
+a+telinga bearn, ealra [{twelfe{] , woldon [{ceare{] cwi+dan
ond kyning m+anan, wordgyd wrecan ond ymb [{wer{] sprecan;
eahtodan eorlscipe ond his ellenweorc dugu+dum demdon,
swa hit [{gedefe{] [{bi+d{] +t+at mon his winedryhten
wordum herge, ferh+dum [{freoge{] , +tonne he for+d scile
of lichaman [{l+aded{] weor+dan.
<R 3178>
Swa begnornodon Geata leode [{hlafordes{] [{hryre{] ,
heor+dgeneatas, cw+adon +t+at he w+are wyruldcyninga
[{manna{] mildust ond [{mon+dw+arust{] , leodum li+dost ond
lofgeornost.



<B CORIDDLE>
<Q OX/3 XX XX RIDDL>
<N RIDDLES>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  RIDDLES.
THE EXETER BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, III.
ED. G. P. KRAPP AND E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1936.
PP. 180.1 -189.11  (RIDDLES 1-17)
PP. 190.1 -195.14  (20-29)
PP. 196.1 -198.14  (31-35)
PP. 199.1 -203.108 (39-40)
PP. 203.1 -204.16  (42-43)
P.  206.1 -206.10  (49-50)
PP. 207.1 -208.12  (53-56)
PP. 209.1 -210.18  (58-59)
P.  229.1 -229.9   (61-62)
PP. 230.1 -231.10  (66)
P.  235.1 -235.11  (80)
PP. 240.1 -241.11  (91)
P.  243.1 -243.13  (95)^]

[^A3.22.1^]
<P 180>
[} [\RIDDLES 1-59\] }]
<R 1>
Hwylc is h+ale+ta +t+as horsc ond +t+as hygecr+aftig +t+at
+t+at m+age asecgan, hwa mec on si+d wr+ace, +tonne ic 
astige strong, stundum re+te, +trymful +tunie, +tragum wr+ace
fere geond foldan, folcsalo b+arne, r+aced reafige?
<R 6>
Recas stiga+d, haswe ofer hrofum.
<R 7>
Hlin bi+d on eor+tan, w+alcwealm wera, +tonne ic wudu hrere,
bearwas bledhwate, beamas fylle, holme gehrefed, 
[{heahum{] meahtum [{wrecen{] on wa+te, wide sended;
h+abbe me on hrycge +t+at +ar hadas wreah foldbuendra, 
fl+asc ond g+astas, somod on sunde.
<R 14>
Saga hwa mec +tecce, o+t+te hu ic hatte, +te +ta hl+ast bere.

[^A3.22.2^]
<P 180>
<R 1>
Hwilum ic gewite, swa ne wena+t men, under y+ta ge+tr+ac
eor+tan secan, garsecges grund.
<R 3>
Gifen bi+t gewreged, fam gewealcen; hw+almere hlimme+d, hlude
grimme+d, 
<P 181>
streamas sta+tu beata+d, stundum 
weorpa+t on stealc hleo+ta stane ond sonde, ware ond w+age,
+tonne ic winnende, holmm+agne bi+teaht, hrusan 
styrge, side s+agrundas.
<R 10>
Sundhelme ne m+ag losian +ar mec l+ate se +te min latteow bi+d
on si+ta gehwam.
<R 12>
Saga, +toncol mon, hwa mec bregde of brimes f+a+tmum, +tonne
streamas eft stille weor+ta+d, y+ta ge+tw+are, 
+te mec +ar wrugon.

[^A3.22.3^]
<P 181>
<R 1>
Hwilum mec min frea f+aste genearwa+d, sende+d +tonne under
[{salwonges{] bearm [{+tone{] bradan, ond on bid wrice+d, 
+trafa+d on +tystrum +trymma sumne, [{h+aste{] on
enge, +t+ar me heord site+d hruse on hrycge.
<R 6>
Nah ic hwyrftweges of +tam [{aglace{] , ac ic e+telstol
h+ale+ta [{hrere{] ; hornsalu wagia+d, wera wicstede, weallas 
beofia+d, steape ofer stiwitum.
<R 10>
Stille +tynce+d lyft ofer londe ond lagu swige, o+t+t+at ic of
enge up a+tringe, efne swa mec wisa+t se mec 
wr+ade on +at frumsceafte fur+tum legde, bende ond clomme,
+t+at ic onbugan ne mot of +t+as gewealde +te 
me wegas t+acne+d.
<R 17>
Hwilum ic sceal ufan y+ta wregan, [{streamas{] styrgan ond to
sta+te [{+tywan{] flintgr+agne flod.
<R 19>
Famig winne+d w+ag wi+d wealle, wonn arise+d dun ofer dype;
hyre deorc on last, 
<P 182>
eare geblonden, o+ter fere+d, 
+t+at hy gemitta+d mearclonde neah hea hlincas.
<R 24>
+t+ar bi+d hlud wudu, brimgiesta breahtm, bida+d stille stealc
stanhleo+tu streamgewinnes, hopgehnastes,
+tonne heah ge+tring on cleofu cryde+t.
<R 28>
+t+ar bi+d ceole wen sli+tre s+acce, gif hine s+a byre+d on
+ta grimman tid, g+asta fulne, +t+at he scyle rice
birofen weor+tan, feore bifohten f+amig ridan y+ta hrycgum.
<R 33>
+t+ar bi+d egsa sum +aldum geywed, +tara +te ic hyran sceal
strong on sti+dweg.
<R 35>
Hwa gestille+d +t+at?
<R 36>
Hwilum ic +turhr+ase, +t+at me on b+ace ride+d won w+agfatu,
wide to+tringe lagustreama full, hwilum l+ate eft 
slupan tosomne.
<R 39>
Se bi+d swega m+ast, breahtma ofer burgum, ond gebreca
hludast, +tonne scearp cyme+d sceo wi+t o+trum, ecg 
wi+d ecge; earpan gesceafte fus ofer folcum fyre sw+ata+d,
blacan lige, ond gebrecu fera+d deorc ofer
[{dryhtum{] gedyne micle, fara+d feohtende, feallan l+ata+d
sweart sumsendu seaw of bosme, w+atan of wombe.
<R 48>
Winnende fare+d atol eored+treat, egsa astige+d, micel
mod+trea monna cynne, brogan on burgum, +tonne blace 
scotia+d scri+tende scin scearpum w+apnum.
<R 53>
Dol him ne ondr+ade+d +da dea+dsperu, swylte+d hw+a+tre, gif
him so+d meotud on geryhtu +turh regn ufan of gestune 
l+ate+d str+ale fleogan, farende flan.
<R 57>
Fea +t+at gedyga+d, 
<P 183>
+tara +te ger+ace+d rynegiestes w+apen.
<R 59>
Ic +t+as orleges or anstelle, +tonne gewite wolcengehnaste
+turh ge+tr+ac +tringan +trimme micle ofer byrnan bosm.
<R 62>
Bierste+d hlude heah hlo+dgecrod; +tonne hnige eft under lyfte
helm londe near, ond me [{on{] hrycg hlade
+t+at ic habban sceal, meahtum [{gemagnad{] mines frean.
<R 67>
Swa ic +trymful +teow +tragum winne, hwilum under eor+tan,
hwilum y+ta sceal [{hean{] underhnigan, hwilum holm 
ufan streamas styrge, hwilum stige up, wolcnfare wrege,
wide fere swift ond swi+tfeorm.
<R 72>
Saga hw+at ic hatte, o+t+te hwa mec r+are, +tonne ic restan ne
mot, o+t+te hwa mec st+a+d+te, +tonne ic stille
beom.

[^A3.22.4^]
<P 183>
<R 1>
Ic sceal +tragbysig +tegne minum, [{hringum{] h+afted, hyran
georne, min bed brecan, breahtme cy+tan +t+at me 
halswri+tan hlaford sealde.
<R 5>
Oft mec sl+apwerigne secg o+d+te meowle gretan eode; ic him
gromheortum winterceald oncwe+te.
<R 7>
Wearm lim gebundenne b+ag hwilum berste+d; se +teah bi+t on
+tonce +tegne minum, medwisum men, me +t+at sylfe, 
+t+ar wiht wite, ond wordum min on sped m+age spel
gesecgan.

[^A3.22.5^]
<P 183>
<R 1>
Ic eom anhaga iserne wund, bille gebennad, beadoweorca s+ad,
<P 184>
ecgum werig.
<R 3>
Oft ic wig seo, frecne feohtan.
<R 4>
Frofre ne wene, +t+at [{me{] geoc cyme gu+dgewinnes, +ar ic
mid +aldum eal [{forwur+de{] , ac mec hnossia+d homera 
lafe, heardecg heoroscearp, [{hondweorc{] smi+ta, bita+d in
burgum; ic abidan sceal la+tran gemotes.
<R 10>
N+afre l+acecynn on folcstede findan meahte, +tara +te mid
wyrtum wunde geh+alde, ac me ecga dolg eacen 
weor+da+d +turh dea+dslege dagum ond nihtum.

[^A3.22.6^]
<P 184>
<R 1>
Mec gesette so+d sigora waldend Crist to compe.
<R 2>
Oft ic cwice b+arne, unrimu cyn eor+tan getenge, n+ate mid
ni+te, swa ic him no hrine, +tonne mec min frea 
feohtan hate+t.
<R 6>
Hwilum ic monigra mod arete, hwilum ic frefre +ta ic +ar winne
on feorran swi+te; hi +t+as fela+d +teah, swylce 
+t+as o+tres, +tonne ic eft hyra ofer deop gedreag
drohta+d [{bete{] .

[^A3.22.7^]
<P 184>
<R 1>
Hr+agl min swiga+d, +tonne ic hrusan trede, o+t+te +ta wic
buge, o+t+te wado drefe.
<R 3>
Hwilum mec ahebba+d ofer h+ale+ta byht hyrste mine, ond +teos
hea lyft, ond mec +tonne wide wolcna strengu 
ofer folc byre+d.
<R 6>
Fr+atwe mine swoga+d hlude ond swinsia+d, 
<P 185>
torhte singa+d,
+tonne ic getenge ne beom flode ond foldan, ferende g+ast.

[^A3.22.8^]
<P 185>
<R 1>
Ic +turh mu+t sprece mongum reordum, wrencum singe, wrixle
geneahhe heafodwo+te, hlude cirme, healde mine 
wisan, hleo+tre ne mi+te, eald +afensceop, eorlum bringe
blisse in burgum, +tonne ic bugendre stefne 
styrme; stille on wicum [{sitta+d{] nigende.
<R 8>
Saga hw+at ic hatte, [{+te{] swa scirenige sceawendwisan hlude
onhyrge, h+ale+tum bodige wilcumena fela wo+te minre.

[^A3.22.9^]
<P 185>
<R 1>
Mec on +tissum dagum deadne [{ofgeafun{] f+ader ond modor; ne
w+as me feorh +ta gen, ealdor in innan.
<R 3>
+ta mec [{an{] ongon, welhold mege, wedum [{+teccan{] , heold
ond freo+tode, hleosceorpe wrah [{swa{] arlice swa
hire agen bearn, o+t+t+at ic under sceate, swa min gesceapu
w+aron, ungesibbum wear+d eacen g+aste.
<R 9>
Mec seo fri+te m+ag fedde si+t+tan, o+t+t+at ic aweox, widdor
meahte si+tas asettan.
<R 11>
Heo h+afde sw+asra +ty l+as suna ond dohtra, +ty heo swa dyde.

[^A3.22.10^]
<P 185>
<R 1>
Neb w+as min on nearwe, ond ic neo+tan w+atre, flode
underflowen, firgenstreamum swi+te besuncen, ond on sunde awox
<P 186>
ufan y+tum +teaht, anum getenge li+tendum wuda
lice mine.
<R 6>
H+afde feorh cwico, +ta ic of f+a+dmum cwom brimes ond beames
on blacum [{hr+agle{] ; sume w+aron hwite hyrste 
mine, +ta mec lifgende lyft upp ahof, wind of w+age,
si+t+tan wide b+ar ofer seolhba+to.
<R 11>
Saga hw+at ic hatte.

[^A3.22.11^]
<P 186>
<R 1>
Hr+agl is min hasofag, hyrste beorhte, reade ond scire on
reafe [{minum{] .
<R 3>
Ic dysge dwelle ond dole hwette unr+adsi+tas, o+trum styre
nyttre fore.
<R 5>
Ic +t+as nowiht wat +t+at heo swa gem+adde, mode bestolene,
d+ade gedwolene, deora+t mine won wisan gehwam.
<R 8>
Wa him +t+as +teawes, si+t+tan heah [{bringa+d{] horda
deorast, gif hi unr+ades +ar ne geswica+t.

[^A3.22.12^]
<P 186>
<R 1>
Fotum ic fere, foldan slite, grene wongas, +tenden ic g+ast
bere.
<R 3>
Gif me feorh losa+d, f+aste binde swearte Wealas, hwilum
sellan men.
<R 5>
Hwilum ic deorum drincan selle [{beorne{] of bosme, hwilum mec
bryd triede+d felawlonc fotum, hwilum feorran 
broht wonfeax Wale wege+d ond +ty+d, dol druncmennen
deorcum nihtum, w+ate+d in w+atre, wyrme+d hwilum 
f+agre to fyre; me on f+a+dme stica+t hygegalan hond,
hwyrfe+d geneahhe, swife+d me geond sweartne .
<R 13>
Saga hw+at ic hatte, +te ic lifgende lond reafige ond +after
dea+te dryhtum +teowige.

[^A3.22.13^]
<P 187>
<R 1>
Ic seah turf tredan, X w+aron ealra, VI gebro+tor ond
hyra sweostor mid; h+afdon feorg cwico .
<R 3>
Fell hongedon sweotol ond gesyne on seles w+age anra
gehwylces.
<R 5>
Ne w+as hyra +angum +ty wyrs , ne [{si+de{] +ty [{sarre{] ,
+teah hy swa sceoldon reafe birofene, rodra weardes 
meahtum aweahte, mu+tum slitan haswe blede.
<R 9>
Hr+agl bi+d geniwad +tam +te +ar for+dcymene fr+atwe leton
licgan on laste, gewitan lond tredan.

[^A3.22.14^]
<P 187>
<R 1>
Ic w+as w+apenwiga.
Nu mec wlonc +tece+d geong hagostealdmon golde ond sylfore,
woum wirbogum.
<R 3>
Hwilum weras cyssa+d, hwilum ic to hilde hleo+tre bonne
wilgehle+tan, hwilum wycg byre+t mec ofer mearce, 
hwilum merehengest fere+d ofer flodas fr+atwum beorhtne,
hwilum m+ag+da sum minne gefylle+d bosm beaghroden.
<R 9>
hwilum ic bordum sceal, heard, heafodleas, [{behlywed{]
licgan, hwilum hongige hyrstum fr+atwed, wlitig
on wage, +t+ar weras drinca+d, freolic fyrdsceorp.
<R 13>
Hwilum folcwigan [{on{] wicge wega+d, +tonne ic winde sceal
sincfag swelgan of sumes bosme; hwilum ic gereordum 
rincas la+dige wlonce to wine; hwilum [{wra+tum{]
sceal stefne minre forstolen hreddan, flyman feondscea+tan.
<R 19>
Frige hw+at ic hatte.

[^A3.22.15^]
<P 188>
<R 1>
Hals is min hwit ond heafod fealo, sidan swa some.
<R 2>
Swift ic eom on fe+te, beadow+apen bere.
<R 3>
Me on b+ace standa+d her swylce swe on [{hleorum{] .
<R 4>
Hlifia+d tu earan ofer eagum.
<R 5>
Ordum ic steppe in [{grene{] gr+as.
<R 6>
Me bi+d gyrn witod, gif mec onh+ale an onfinde+d w+algrim
wiga, +t+ar ic wic buge, [{bold{] mid bearnum, ond
ic bide +t+ar mid geogu+dcnosle, hwonne g+ast cume to durum
minum, him bi+t dea+d witod.
<R 12>
For+ton ic sceal of e+dle eaforan mine forhtmod fergan, fleame
nergan, gif he me +afterweard ealles weor+te+d; 
hine bera+d breost.
<R 15>
Ic his [{bidan{] ne dear, re+tes on geruman, nele +t+at r+ad
teale, ac ic sceal fromlice fe+temundum +turh steapne 
beorg str+ate wyrcan.
<R 19>
Ea+te ic m+ag freora feorh genergan, gif ic m+agburge mot mine
gel+adan on degolne weg +turh [{dune{] +tyrel
sw+ase ond gesibbe; ic me si+t+tan ne +tearf w+alhwelpes wig
wiht onsittan.
<R 24>
Gif [{se{] ni+dscea+ta nearwe stige me on swa+te sece+t, ne
tos+ale+t him on +tam gegnpa+te gu+tgemotes, si+t+tan
ic +turh hylles hrof ger+ace, ond +turh hest hrino hildepilum
la+dgewinnum, +tam +te ic longe fleah.

[^A3.22.16^]
<P 188>
<R 1>
Oft ic sceal wi+t w+age winnan ond wi+t winde feohtan, somod
wi+d +tam s+acce, +tonne ic secan gewite 
<P 189>
eor+tan y+tum +teaht; me bi+t se e+tel fremde.
<R 4>
Ic beom strong +t+as gewinnes, gif ic stille weor+te; gif me
+t+as tos+ale+d, hi beo+d swi+tran +tonne ic, ond 
mec slitende sona flyma+d, willa+d o+tfergan +t+at ic
fri+tian sceal.
<R 8>
Ic him +t+at forstonde, gif min steort +tola+d ond mec sti+tne
wi+t stanas moton f+aste gehabban.
<R 10>
Frige hw+at ic hatte.

[^A3.22.17^]
<P 189>
<R 1>
Ic eom mundbora minre heorde, eodorwirum f+ast, innan gefylled
dryhtgestreona.
<R 3>
D+agtidum oft sp+ate sperebrogan; sped bi+t +ty mare fylle
minre.
<R 5>
[{Frea{] +t+at bihealde+d, hu me of hrife fleoga+d hyldepilas.
<R 7>
Hwilum ic sweartum swelgan onginne brunum beadow+apnum, bitrum
ordum, eglum attorsperum.
<R 9>
Is min inna+d til, wombhord wlitig, wloncum deore; men gemunan
+t+at me +turh mu+t fare+d.

[^A3.22.20^]
<P 190>
<R 1>
Ic eom wunderlicu wiht, on gewin sceapen, frean minum leof,
f+agre gegyrwed.
<R 3>
Byrne is min bleofag, swylce beorht [{seoma+d{] wir ymb +tone
w+algim +te me waldend geaf, se me widgalum 
wisa+d hwilum sylfum to sace.
<R 6>
+tonne ic sinc wege +turh hlutterne d+ag, hondweorc smi+ta,
gold ofer geardas.
<R 8>
Oft ic g+astberend cwelle compw+apnum.
<R 9>
Cyning mec gyrwe+d since ond seolfre ond mec on sele
weor+ta+d; ne wyrne+d wordlofes, wisan m+ane+d mine 
for mengo, +t+ar hy meodu drinca+d, healde+d mec on hea+tore,
hwilum l+ate+d eft radwerigne on gerum sceacan, orlegfromne.
<R 15>
Oft ic o+trum scod frecne +at his freonde: fah eom ic wide,
w+apnum awyrged.
<R 17>
Ic me wenan ne +tearf +t+at me bearn wr+ace on bonan feore,
gif me gromra hwylc gu+te gen+age+d; ne weor+te+d 
sio m+agburg gemicledu eaforan minum +te ic +after woc,
nym+te ic hlafordleas hweorfan mote from +tam 
healdende +te me hringas geaf.
<R 24>
Me bi+d for+d witod, gif ic frean hyre, gu+te fremme, swa ic
gien dyde minum +teodne on +tonc, +t+at ic +tolian 
sceal bearngestreona.
<R 27>
Ic wi+t bryde ne mot h+amed habban, ac me +t+as hyhtplegan
geno wyrne+d, se mec [{geara{] on bende legde; for+ton 
ic brucan sceal 
<P 191>
on hagostealde h+ale+ta gestreona.
<R 32>
Oft ic wirum dol wife abelge, wonie hyre willan; heo me wom
sprece+d, floce+d hyre folmum, firena+t mec 
wordum, ungod g+ale+d.
<R 35>
Ic ne gyme +t+as compes.

[^A3.22.21^]
<P 191>
<R 1>
Neb is min ni+terweard; neol ic fere ond be grunde gr+afe,
geonge swa me wisa+d har holtes feond, ond 
hlaford min woh f+are+d weard +at steorte,  wriga+t on wonge,
wege+d mec ond +ty+d, sawe+t on sw+a+d min.
<R 6>
Ic sny+tige for+d, brungen of [{bearwe{] , bunden cr+afte,
wegen on w+agne, h+abbe wundra fela; me bi+t gongendre 
grene on healfe ond min sw+a+d sweotol sweart on o+tre.
<R 11>
Me +turh hrycg wrecen honga+t under an or+toncpil, o+ter on
heafde, f+ast ond for+dweard.
<R 13>
Fealle+t on sidan +t+at ic to+tum tere, gif me teala +tena+t
hindeweardre, +t+at bi+t hlaford min.

[^A3.22.22^]
<P 191>
<R 1>
+atsomne cwom LX monna to w+agst+a+te wicgum ridan;
h+afdon XI eoredm+acgas fridhengestas, IIII sceamas.
<R 5>
Ne meahton magorincas ofer mere feolan, swa hi fundedon, ac
w+as flod to deop, atol y+ta ge+tr+ac, ofras 
hea, streamas stronge.
<R 8>
Ongunnon stigan +ta on w+agn weras ond hyra wicg somod hlodan
under hrunge.
<R 10>
+ta +ta hors o+db+ar eh ond eorlas, +ascum dealle, 
<P 192>
ofer w+atres byht w+agn to lande, swa hine oxa ne teah
ne esna m+agen ne f+athengest, ne on flode swom, ne be grunde
wod gestum under, ne lagu drefde, ne [{on{]
lyfte fleag, ne [{under{] b+ac cyrde.
<R 17>
brohte hw+a+tre beornas ofer burnan ond hyra bloncan mid from
st+a+de heaum, +t+at hy stopan up on o+terne, 
ellenrofe, weras of w+age, ond hyra wicg gesund.

[^A3.22.23^]
<P 192>
<R 1>
Agof is min noma eft onhwyrfed; ic eom wr+atlic wiht on gewin
sceapen.
<R 3>
+tonne ic onbuge, ond me of bosme fare+d +atren onga, ic beom
eallgearo +t+at ic me +t+at feorhbealo feor aswape.
<R 6>
Si+t+tan me se waldend, se me +t+at wite gescop, leo+to
forl+ate+d, ic beo lengre +tonne +ar, o+t+t+at ic sp+ate, 
spilde geblonden, ealfelo attor +t+at ic +ar geap.
<R 10>
Ne togonge+d +t+as gumena hwylcum, +anigum ea+te +t+at ic
+t+ar ymb sprice, gif hine hrine+d +t+at me of hrife 
fleoge+d, +t+at +tone mandrinc m+agne geceapa+t, [{fullwered{]
f+aste feore sine.
<R 15>
Nelle ic unbunden +anigum hyran nym+te searos+aled.
<R 16>
Saga hw+at ic hatte.

[^A3.22.24^]
<P 192>
<R 1>
 Ic eom wunderlicu wiht, wr+asne mine stefne, hwilum beorce
swa hund, hwilum bl+ate swa gat, hwilum
gr+ade swa gos, hwilum gielle swa hafoc, hwilum ic onhyrge
+tone haswan earn, gu+dfugles hleo+tor, hwilum glidan reorde
<P 193>
mu+te gem+ane, hwilum m+awes song, +t+ar ic
glado sitte.
<R 7>
(}G}) mec nemna+d, swylce (}A}) ond (}R}) (}O}) fulleste+d,
(}H}) ond (}I}) .
<R 9>
Nu ic haten eom swa +ta siex stafas sweotule becna+t.

[^A3.22.25^]
<P 193>
<R 1>
Ic eom wunderlicu wiht, wifum on hyhte, neahbuendum nyt;
n+angum sce+t+te burgsittendra, nym+te bonan anum.
<R 4>
Sta+tol min is steapheah, stonde ic on bedde, neo+tan ruh
nathw+ar.
<R 5>
Ne+te+d hwilum ful cyrtenu ceorles dohtor, modwlonc meowle,
+t+at heo on mec gripe+d, r+ase+d mec on reodne, 
reafa+d min heafod, fege+d mec on f+asten.
<R 9>
Fele+t sona mines gemotes, [{seo{] +te mec nearwa+d, wif
wundenlocc.
<R 11>
W+at bi+d +t+at eage.

[^A3.22.26^]
<P 193>
<R 1>
Mec feonda sum feore besny+tede, woruldstrenga binom, w+atte
si+t+tan, dyfde on w+atre, dyde eft +tonan, 
sette on sunnan, +t+ar ic swi+te beleas herum +tam +te ic
h+afde.
<R 5>
Heard mec si+t+tan sna+d seaxses [{ecg{] , sindrum begrunden;
fingras feoldan, ond mec fugles wyn geond speddropum 
spyrede geneahhe, ofer brunne brerd, beamtelge
swealg, streames d+ale, stop eft on mec, si+tade sweartlast.
<R 11>
Mec si+t+tan wrah h+ale+d hleobordum, [{hyde{] be+tenede,
gierede mec mid golde; for+ton me gliwedon wr+atlic
weorc smi+ta, wire bifongen.
<R 15>
Nu +ta gereno ond se reada telg ond +ta wuldorgesteald wide
m+are 
<P 194>
dryhtfolca helm, nales dol wite.
<R 18>
Gif min bearn wera brucan willa+d, hy beo+d +ty gesundran ond
+ty sigef+astran, heortum +ty hw+atran ond +ty 
hygebli+tran, fer+te +ty frodran, habba+t freonda +ty ma,
sw+asra ond gesibbra, so+tra ond godra, tilra 
ond getreowra, +ta hyra tyr ond ead estum yca+d ond hy
arstafum lissum bilecga+d ond hi lufan f+a+tmum f+aste 
clyppa+d.
<R 26>
Frige hw+at ic hatte, ni+tum to nytte.
<R 27>
Nama min is m+are, h+ale+tum gifre ond halig sylf.

[^A3.22.27^]
<P 194>
<R 1>
Ic eom weor+d werum, wide funden, brungen of bearwum ond of
burghleo+tum, of denum ond of dunum.
<R 3>
D+ages mec w+agun fe+tre on lifte, feredon mid liste under
hrofes hleo.
<R 5>
H+ale+d mec si+t+tan ba+tedan in bydene.
<R 6>
Nu ic eom bindere ond swingere, sona [{weorpe{] [{esne{] to
eor+tan, hwilum ealdne ceorl.
<R 9>
Sona +t+at onfinde+d, se +te mec feh+d ongean, ond wi+d
m+agen+tisan minre gen+aste+d, +t+at he hrycge sceal hrusan 
secan, gif he unr+ades +ar ne geswice+d, strengo
bistolen, strong on spr+ace, m+agene binumen; nah 
his modes geweald, fota ne folma.
<R 15>
Frige hw+at ic hatte, +de on eor+tan swa esnas binde, dole
+after dyntum be d+ages leohte.

[^A3.22.28^]
<P 194>
<R 1>
Bi+t foldan d+al f+agre gegierwed mid +ty heardestan ond mid
+ty scearpestan ond mid +ty grymmestan gumena gestreona, 
<P 195>
corfen, sworfen, cyrred, +tyrred, bunden,
wunden, bl+aced, w+aced, fr+atwed, geatwed, feorran 
l+aded to durum dryhta.
<R 7>
Dream bi+d in innan cwicra wihta, clenge+d, lenge+d, +tara +te
+ar lifgende longe hwile wilna bruce+d ond 
no wi+d sprice+d, ond +tonne +after dea+te deman onginne+d,
meldan mislice.
<R 12>
Micel is to hycganne wisf+astum menn, hw+at seo wiht sy.

[^A3.22.29^]
<P 195>
<R 1>
Ic wiht geseah wundorlice [{hornum{] [{bitweonum{] hu+te
l+adan, lyftf+at leohtlic, listum gegierwed, hu+te to 
+tam ham of +tam heresi+te; walde hyre on +t+are byrig bur
[{atimbran{] , searwum asettan, gif hit swa meahte.
<R 7>
+da cwom wundorlicu wiht ofer wealles hrof, seo is eallum cu+d
eor+dbuendum, ahredde +ta +ta hu+te ond to
ham [{bedraf{] wreccan ofer willan, gewat hyre west +tonan
f+ah+tum feran, for+d [{onette{] .
<R 12>
Dust stonc to heofonum, deaw feol on eor+tan, niht for+d
gewat.
<R 13>
N+anig si+t+tan wera gewiste +t+are wihte si+d.

[^A3.22.31^]
<P 196>
<R 1>
Is +tes middangeard missenlicum wisum gewlitegad, wr+attum
gefr+atwad.
<R 3>
Ic seah sellic +ting singan on r+acede; wiht w+as [{nower{]
werum on gemonge, sio h+afde w+astum wundorlicran.
<R 6>
[{Ni+terweard{] w+as neb hyre, fet ond folme fugele gelice; no
hw+a+tre fleogan m+ag ne fela gongan, hw+a+tre
fe+tegeorn fremman onginne+d, gecoren cr+aftum, cyrre+d
geneahhe oft ond gelome eorlum on gemonge, site+d 
+at symble, s+ales bide+t, hwonne +ar heo cr+aft hyre
cy+tan mote werum on wonge.
<R 14>
Ne heo +t+ar wiht +tige+d +t+as +te him +at blisse beornas
[{habba+d{] .
<R 16>
Deor domes georn, hio dumb wuna+d; hw+a+tre hyre is on fote
f+ager hleo+tor, wynlicu wo+dgiefu.
<R 18>
Wr+atlic me +tince+d, hu seo wiht m+age wordum lacan +turh fot
neo+tan, fr+atwed hyrstum.
<R 21>
Hafa+d hyre on halse, +tonne hio hord wara+d, b+ar, beagum
deall, bro+tor sine, m+ag mid m+agne.
<R 23>
Micel is to hycgenne wisum wo+dboran, hw+at [{sio{] wiht sie.

[^A3.22.32^]
<P 196>
<R 1>
Is +tes middangeard missenlicum wisum gewlitegad, wr+attum
gefr+atwad.
<R 3>
Si+tum sellic ic seah searo hweorfan, grindan wi+d greote,
giellende faran.
<R 5>
N+afde sellicu wiht syne ne folme, 
<P 197>
exle ne earmas; sceal on
anum fet searoceap swifan, swi+te feran, faran ofer feldas.
<R 8>
H+afde [{fela{] ribba; mu+d w+as on middan.
<R 9>
Moncynne nyt, [{fere+d{] foddurwelan, folcscipe dreoge+d, wist
in wige+d, ond werum gielde+d gaful geara gehwam 
+t+as +te guman bruca+d, rice ond heane.
<R 13>
Rece, gif +tu cunne, wis worda gleaw, hw+at sio wiht sie.

[^A3.22.33^]
<P 197>
<R 1>
Wiht cwom +after wege wr+atlicu li+tan, cymlic from ceole
cleopode to londe, hlinsade hlude; [{hleahtor{]
w+as gryrelic, egesful on earde, ecge w+aron scearpe.
<R 5>
W+as hio hetegrim, hilde to s+ane, biter beadoweorca;
bordweallas grof, heardhi+tende.
<R 7>
Heterune bond, s+agde searocr+aftig ymb hyre sylfre gesceaft:
Is min modor [{m+ag+da{] cynnes +t+as deorestan, 
+t+at is dohtor min eacen up liden, swa +t+at is +aldum
cu+t, firum on folce, +t+at seo on foldan sceal 
on ealra londa gehwam lissum stondan.

[^A3.22.34^]
<P 197>
<R 1>
Ic wiht geseah in wera burgum, seo +t+at feoh fede+d.
<R 2>
Hafa+d fela to+ta; nebb bi+t hyre +at nytte, ni+terweard
gonge+d, hi+te+d holdlice ond to ham tyh+d, w+a+te+d geond 
weallas, wyrte sece+d; aa heo +ta finde+d, +ta +te f+ast
ne bi+t; l+ate+d hio +ta wlitigan, wyrtum f+aste, 
stille stondan on sta+tolwonge, beorhte blican, blowan ond
growan.

[^A3.22.35^]
<P 198>
<R 1>
Mec se w+ata wong, wundrum freorig, of his inna+te +arist
cende.
<R 3>
Ne wat ic mec beworhtne wulle flysum, h+arum +turh heahcr+aft,
hyge+toncum min.
<R 5>
Wundene me ne beo+d wefle, ne ic wearp hafu, ne +turh +treata
ge+tr+acu +tr+ad me ne hlimme+d, ne +at me hrutende 
hrisil scri+te+d, ne mec ohwonan sceal [{am{] cnyssan.
<R 9>
Wyrmas mec ne aw+afan wyrda cr+aftum, +ta +te geolo godwebb
geatwum fr+atwa+d.
<R 11>
Wile mec mon hw+a+tre se+teah wide ofer eor+tan hatan for
h+ale+tum hyhtlic gew+ade.
<R 13>
Saga so+dcwidum, searo+toncum gleaw, wordum wisf+ast, hw+at
+tis [{gew+ade{] sy.

[^A3.22.39^]
<P 199>
<R 1>
Gewritu secga+d +t+at seo wiht sy mid moncynne miclum tidum
sweotol ond gesyne.
<R 3>
Sundorcr+aft hafa+d [{maran{] micle, +tonne hit men witen.
<R 5>
Heo wile gesecan sundor +aghwylcne feorhberendra, gewite+d eft
feran on weg.
<R 7>
Ne bi+d hio n+afre niht +t+ar o+tre, ac hio sceal wideferh
wreccan laste hamleas hweorfan; no +ty heanre bi+t.
<R 10>
Ne hafa+d hio fot ne [{folme{] , ne +afre foldan hran, ne
[{eagena{] +ag+ter twega, ne mu+d hafa+t, ne wi+t monnum 
spr+ac, ne gewit hafa+d, ac gewritu secga+d +t+at seo sy
earmost ealra wihta, +tara +te +after gecyndum cenned w+are.
<R 16>
Ne hafa+d hio sawle ne feorh, ac hio si+tas sceal geond +tas
wundorworuld wide dreogan.
<R 18>
Ne hafa+t hio blod ne ban, hw+a+tre bearnum wear+d geond
+tisne middangeard mongum to frofre.
<P 200>
<R 19>
N+afre hio heofonum hran, ne to helle mot, ac hio sceal
wideferh [{wuldorcyninges{] larum lifgan.
<R 22>
Long is to secganne hu hyre ealdorgesceaft +after gonge+d, woh
wyrda gesceapu; +t+at [{is{] wr+atlic +ting to gesecganne.
<R 25>
So+d is +aghwylc +tara +te ymb +tas wiht wordum becne+d; ne
hafa+d heo +anig lim, leofa+t efne se+teah.
<R 28>
Gif +tu m+age reselan recene gesecgan so+tum wordum, saga
hw+at hio hatte.

[^A3.22.40^]
<P 200>
<R 1>
Ece is se scyppend, se +tas eor+tan nu wre+dstu+tum
[{wealde+d{] ond +tas world healde+d.
<R 3>
[{Rice{] is se reccend ond on ryht cyning ealra anwalda,
eor+tan ond heofones, healde+d ond wealde+d, swa
he ymb +tas utan hweorfe+d.
<R 6>
He mec wr+atlice worhte +at frym+te, +ta he +tisne ymbhwyrft
+arest sette, heht mec w+accende wunian longe, 
+t+at ic ne slepe si+t+tan +afre, ond mec semninga sl+ap
ofergonge+t, beo+d eagan min ofestum betyned.
<R 12>
+tisne middangeard meahtig dryhten mid his onwalde +aghw+ar
styre+d; swa ic mid waldendes worde ealne +tisne 
ymbhwyrft utan ymbclyppe.
<R 16>
Ic eom to +ton blea+d, +t+at mec bealdlice m+ag gearu gongende
grima abregan, ond eofore eom +aghw+ar cenra, 
+tonne he gebolgen bidsteal giefe+d; ne m+ag mec
oferswi+tan segnberendra +anig ofer eor+tan, nym+te se
ana god se +tisne hean heofon healde+t ond wealde+t.
<P 201>
<R 23>
Ic eom on stence strengre [{micle{] +tonne ricels o+t+te rose
sy, [{on{] eor+tan tyrf wynlic weaxe+d; ic eom wr+astre 
+tonne heo.
<R 27>
+teah +te lilie sy leof moncynne, beorht on blostman, ic eom
betre +tonne heo; swylce ic nardes stenc 
nyde oferswi+te mid minre swetnesse symle +aghw+ar, ond ic
fulre eom +tonne +tis fen swearte +t+at her yfle 
adelan stince+d.
<R 33>
Eal ic under heofones hwearfte recce, swa me leof f+ader
l+arde +at frym+te, +t+at ic +ta mid ryhte reccan
moste +ticce ond +tynne; +tinga gehwylces onlicnesse +aghw+ar
healde.
<R 38>
Hyrre ic eom heofone, hate+t mec heahcyning his deagol +ting
dyre bihealdan; eac ic under eor+tan eal 
sceawige wom wra+dscrafu wra+tra g+asta.
<R 42>
Ic eom micle yldra +tonne ymbhwyrft [{+tes{] o+t+te +tes
middangeard meahte geweor+tan, ond ic giestron w+as 
geong acenned m+are to monnum +turh minre modor hrif.
<R 46>
Ic eom f+agerre fr+atwum goldes, +teah hit mon awerge wirum
utan; ic eom wyrslicre +tonne +tes wudu fula
o+d+de +tis waro+d +te her aworpen lige+d.
<R 50>
Ic eor+tan eom +aghw+ar br+adre, ond widgielra +tonne +tes
wong grena; folm mec m+ag bifon ond fingras +try
utan ea+te ealle ymbclyppan.
<R 54>
Heardra ic eom ond caldra +tonne se hearda forst, hrim
heorugrimma, +tonne he to hrusan cyme+d; [{ic{] [{eom{] 
Ulcanus up irnendan leohtan leoman lege hatra.
<P 202>
<R 58>
Ic eom on goman gena swetra +tonne +tu beobread blende mid
hunige; swylce ic eom wra+tre +tonne wermod 
sy, [{+te{] her on hyrstum heasewe stonde+t.
<R 62>
Ic mesan m+ag meahtelicor ond efnetan ealdum [{+tyrse{] , ond
ic ges+alig m+ag symle lifgan +teah ic +ates ne
sy +afre to feore.
<R 66>
Ic m+ag fromlicor fleogan +tonne pernex o+t+te earn o+t+te
hafoc +afre meahte; nis zefferus, se swifta wind, 
+t+at swa fromlice m+ag feran +aghw+ar; me is sn+agl
swiftra, [{snelra{] regnwyrm ond fenyce fore hre+tre;
[{is{] +t+as gores sunu gonge hr+adra, +tone we wifel wordum
nemna+d.
<R 74>
Hefigere ic eom micle +tonne se hara stan o+t+te unlytel
leades clympre, leohtre ic eom micle +tonne +tes 
lytla wyrm +te her on flode g+a+d fotum dryge.
<R 78>
Flinte ic eom heardre +te +tis fyr drife+t of +tissum strongan
style heardan, hnescre ic eom micle halsrefe+tre, 
seo her on winde w+awe+d on lyfte.
<R 82>
Ic eor+tan eom +aghw+ar br+adre ond widgelra +tonne +tes wong
grena: ic uttor [{ea+te{] eal ymbwinde, wr+atlice 
gewefen wundorcr+afte.
<R 86>
Nis under me +anig o+ter wiht waldendre on worldlife; ic eom
ufor ealra gesceafta, +tara +te worhte waldend 
user, se mec ana m+ag ecan meahtum, ge+teon +trymme,
+t+at ic [{on+tunian{] , ne sceal.
<P 203>
<R 92>
Mara ic eom ond strengra +tonne se micla hw+al, se +te
garsecges grund bihealde+d sweartan syne; ic eom
swi+tre +tonne he, swylce ic eom on m+agene minum l+asse
+tonne se hondwyrm, se +te h+ale+ta bearn, secgas
searo+toncle, seaxe delfa+d.
<R 98>
Nu hafu ic in heafde hwite loccas wr+aste gewundne, ac ic eom
wide calu; ne ic breaga ne bruna brucan 
moste, ac mec bescyrede scyppend eallum; nu me wr+atlice
weaxa+d on heafde +t+at me on gescyldrum scinan 
motan ful wr+atlice wundne loccas.
<R 105>
Mara ic eom ond f+attra +tonne am+asted swin, bearg bellende,
[{+te{] on bocwuda, won wrotende wynnum lifde +t+at [{he{] .

[^A3.22.42^]
<P 203>
<R 1>
Ic seah wyhte wr+atlice twa undearnunga ute plegan h+amedlaces;
hwitloc anfeng wlanc under w+adum, gif
+t+as weorces [{speow{] , f+amne fyllo.
<R 5>
Ic on flette m+ag 
<P 204>
+turh runstafas rincum secgan, +tam +te bec
witan, bega +atsomne naman +tara wihta.
<R 8>
+t+ar sceal Nyd wesan twega o+ter ond se torhta +Asc an an
linan, Acas twegen, H+agelas swa some.
<R 11>
Hwylc [{+t+as{] hordgates c+agan cr+afte +ta clamme onleac +te
+ta r+adellan wi+d rynemenn hygef+aste heold heortan 
bewrigene or+toncbendum?
<R 15>
Nu is undyrne werum +at wine hu +ta wihte mid us, heanmode
twa, hatne sindon.

[^A3.22.43^]
<P 204>
<R 1>
Ic wat indryhtne +a+telum deorne giest in geardum, +tam se
grimma ne m+ag hungor sce+d+dan ne se hata +turst, 
yldo ne adle.
<R 4>
Gif him arlice esne +tena+d, se +te agan sceal on +tam
si+dfate, hy gesunde +at ham finda+d witode him wiste 
ond blisse, cnosles unrim, care, gif se esne his hlaforde
hyre+d yfle, frean on fore.
<R 10>
Ne wile forht wesan bro+tor o+trum; him +t+at bam sce+de+d,
+tonne hy from bearme begen hweorfa+d anre magan 
ellorfuse, moddor ond sweostor.
<R 14>
Mon, se +te wille, cy+te cynewordum hu se cuma hatte, e+d+ta
se esne, +te ic her ymb sprice.

[^A3.22.49^]
<P 206>
<R 1>
Ic wat eardf+astne anne standan, deafne, dumban, se oft d+ages
swilge+d +turh godes hond gifrum lacum.
<R 4>
Hwilum [{on{] +tam wicum se wonna +tegn, sweart ond saloneb,
sende+d o+tre under goman him golde dyrran, +ta 
+a+telingas oft wilnia+d, cyningas ond cwene.
<R 8>
Ic +t+at cyn nu gen nemnan ne wille, +te him to nytte swa ond
to dug+tum do+t +t+at se dumba her, eorp unwita, 
+ar [{forswilge+d{] .

[^A3.22.50^]
<P 206>
<R 1>
Wiga is on eor+tan wundrum acenned dryhtum to nytte, of dumbum
twam torht atyhted, +tone on teon wige+d feond his feonde.
<R 4>
[{Forstrangne{] oft wif hine wri+d; he him wel here+d,
+teowa+t him ge+tw+are, gif him +tegnia+d m+age+d ond m+acgas 
mid gemete ryhte, feda+d hine f+agre; he him fremum
stepe+d life on lissum.
<R 9>
Leana+d grimme [{+tam{] +te hine wloncne weor+tan l+ate+d.

[^A3.22.53^]
<P 207>
Ic seah on bearwe beam hlifian, tanum torhtne.
<R 2>
+t+at treow w+as on wynne, wudu weaxende.
<R 3>
W+ater hine ond eor+te feddan f+agre, o+t+t+at he frod dagum
on o+trum wear+d aglachade deope gedolgod, dumb 
in bendum, wri+ten ofer wunda, wonnum hyrstum foran
gefr+atwed.
<R 8>
Nu he f+acnum [{weg{] +turh his heafdes [{m+agen{] hildegieste
o+trum ryme+d.
<R 10>
Oft hy an [{yste{] strudon hord +atg+adre; hr+ad w+as ond
unl+at se +aftera, gif se +arra f+ar genamnan in nearowe 
ne+tan moste.

[^A3.22.54^]
<P 207>
<R 1>
Hyse cwom gangan, +t+ar he hie wisse stondan in wincsele, stop
feorran to, hror h+agstealdmon, hof his
agen hr+agl hondum up, [{hrand{] under gyrdels hyre
stondendre sti+tes nathw+at, worhte his willan; 
wagedan butan.
<R 7>
+tegn onnette, w+as +tragum nyt tillic esne, teorode hw+a+tre
+at stunda gehwam strong +ar +ton [{hio{] , werig
+t+as weorces.
<R 10>
Hyre weaxan ongon 
<P 208>
under gyrdelse +t+at oft gode men fer+d+tum
freoga+d ond mid feo bicga+d.

[^A3.22.55^]
<P 208>
<R 1>
Ic seah in [{healle{] , +t+ar h+ale+d druncon, on flet beran
feower cynna, wr+atlic wudutreow ond wunden gold, 
sinc searobunden, ond seolfres d+al ond rode tacn, +t+as us
to roderum up hl+adre r+arde, +ar he helwara burg abr+ace.
<R 7>
Ic +t+as beames m+ag ea+te for eorlum +a+telu secgan; +t+ar
w+as hlin ond acc ond se hearda iw ond se fealwa
holen; frean sindon ealle nyt +atg+adre, naman habba+d anne,
wulfheafedtreo, +t+at oft w+apen ab+ad his mondryhtne, 
ma+dm in healle, goldhilted sweord.
<R 14>
Nu me +tisses gieddes ondsware ywe, se hine on mede wordum
secgan hu se wudu hatte.

[^A3.22.56^]
<P 208>
<R 1>
Ic w+as +t+ar inne +t+ar ic ane geseah winnende wiht wido
bennegean, holt hweorfende; hea+toglemma feng, deopra dolga.
<R 4>
Daro+tas w+aron weo +t+are wihte, ond se wudu searwum f+aste
gebunden.
<R 6>
Hyre fota w+as [{biidf+ast{] o+ter, o+ter bisgo dreag, leolc
on lyfte, hwilum londe neah.
<R 9>
Treow w+as getenge +tam +t+ar torhtan stod leafum bihongen.
<R 10>
Ic lafe geseah minum hlaforde, +t+ar h+ale+d druncon, +tara
[{flana{] [{geweorc{] , on flet beran.

[^A3.22.58^]
<P 209>
<R 1>
Ic wat anfete ellen dreogan wiht on wonge.
<R 2>
Wide ne fere+d, ne fela ride+d, ne fleogan m+ag +turh scirne
d+ag, ne hie scip fere+d, naca n+agledbord: nyt 
bi+d hw+a+tre hyre [{mondryhtne{] monegum tidum.
<R 7>
Hafa+d hefigne steort, heafod lytel, tungan lange, to+d
n+anigne, isernes d+al; eor+dgr+af p+a+te+d.
<R 10>
W+atan ne swelge+t ne wiht ite+t, fo+tres ne gitsa+d, fere+d
oft swa +teah lagoflod on lyfte; life ne gielpe+d, 
hlafordes gifum, hyre+d swa +teana +teodne sinum.
<R 14>
+try sind in naman ryhte runstafas, +tara is Rad [{foran{] .

[^A3.22.59^]
<P 209>
<R 1>
Ic seah in healle hring [{gyldenne{] men sceawian, modum
gleawe, fer+t+tum frode.
<R 3>
[{Fri+tospede{] b+ad god nergende g+aste sinum se +te wende
wri+tan; word +after cw+a+d hring on hyrede, h+alend 
nemde tillfremmendra.
<R 7>
Him torhte in gemynd his dryhtnes naman dumba brohte ond in
eagna gesih+d, gif +t+as +a+telan 
<P 210>
goldes tacen 
ongietan cu+te [{ond{] [{dryhtnes{] dolg , don swa +t+as
beages benne cw+adon.
<R 12>
Ne m+ag +t+are bene +aniges monnes [{ungefullodre{] godes
ealdorburg g+ast gesecan, rodera ceastre.
<R 15>
R+ade, se +te wille, hu +d+as wr+atlican wunda cw+aden hringes
to h+ale+tum, +ta he in healle w+as wylted ond
wended wloncra folmum.

[^A3.34.1^]
<P 229>
<R 1>
Oft mec f+aste bileac freolicu meowle, ides on earce, hwilum
up ateah folmum sinum ond frean sealde,
holdum +teodne, swa hio haten w+as.
<R 5>
Si+d+tan me on hre+tre heafod sticade, nio+tan upweardne, on
nearo fegde.
<R 7>
Gif +t+as ondfengan ellen dohte, [{mec{] fr+atwedne fyllan
sceolde ruwes nathw+at.
<R 9>
R+ad hw+at ic m+ane.

[^A3.34.2^]
<P 229>
<R 1>
Ic eom heard ond scearp [{hingonges{] strong, for+dsi+tes
from, frean unforcu+d, wade under wambe ond me 
weg sylfa ryhtne geryme.
<R 4>
Rinc bi+d on ofeste, se mec on +ty+d +aftanweardne, h+ale+d
mid hr+agle; hwilum ut tyh+d of hole hatne, hwilum 
eft fare+d on nearo nathw+ar, nyde+t swi+te su+terne secg.
<R 9>
Saga hw+at ic hatte.

[^A3.34.6^]
<P 230>
<R 1>
Ic eom mare +tonne +tes [{middangeard{] , l+asse +tonne
hondwyrm, leohtre +tonne mona, swiftre +tonne sunne.
<R 3>
S+as me sind ealle flodas on f+a+dmum ond [{+tes{] foldan
bearm, grene wongas.
<R 5>
Grundum ic hrine, 
<P 231>
helle underhnige, heofonas oferstige,
wuldres e+tel, wide r+ace ofer engla eard, eor+tan 
gefylle, [{ealne{] middangeard ond merestreamas side mid
me sylfum.
<R 10>
Saga hw+at ic hatte.

[^A3.34.20^]
<P 235>
Ic eom +a+telinges eaxlgestealla, fyrdrinces gefara, frean
minum leof, cyninges geselda.
<R 3>
Cwen mec hwilum hwitloccedu hond on lege+d, eorles dohtor,
+teah hio +a+telu sy.
<R 6>
H+abbe me on bosme +t+at on bearwe geweox.
<R 7>
Hwilum ic on wloncum wicge ride herges on ende; heard is min
tunge.
<R 9>
Oft ic wo+dboran wordleana sum agyfe +after giedde.
<R 10>
Good is min wise ond ic sylfa salo.
<R 11>
Saga hw+at ic hatte.

[^A3.34.31^]
<P 240>
<R 1>
Min heafod is homere ge+turen, searopila wund, sworfen feole.
<P 241>
<R 3>
Oft ic begine +t+at me ongean stica+d, +tonne ic hnitan sceal,
hringum gyrded, hearde wi+d heardum, hindan 
+tyrel, for+d ascufan +t+at mines frean mod (}W}) freo+ta+d
middelnihtum.
<R 8>
Hwilum ic under b+ac bregde nebbe, hyrde +t+as hordes, +tonne
min hlaford wile lafe +ticgan +tara +te he of 
life het w+alcr+afte awrecan willum sinum.

[^A3.34.35^]
<P 243>
Ic eom indryhten ond eorlum cu+d, ond reste oft; ricum ond
heanum, folcum gefr+age [{fere{] wide, ond me
fremdes +ar freondum stonde+d hi+tendra hyht, gif ic habban
sceal bl+ad in burgum o+t+te beorhtne god.
<R 7>
Nu snottre men swi+tast lufia+t midwist mine; ic monigum sceal
wisdom cy+tan; no +t+ar word spreca+d +anig
ofer eor+dan.
<R 10>
+teah nu +alda bearn londbuendra lastas mine swi+te seca+d, ic
swa+te hwilum mine bemi+te monna gehwylcum.



<B COMETRPS>
<Q O2/3 XX XX MPS> 
<N METRICAL PSALMS>
<A X>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE METRICAL PSALMS OF
THE PARIS PSALTER.
THE PARIS PSALTER AND THE METERS OF BOETHIUS.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, V.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LIMITED
AND NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1933.
PP. 3.1    - 13.24  (PSALMS 51-59)
PP. 60.12  - 71.33  (PSALMS 89-100)
PP. 137.27 - 150.13 (PSALMS 140-150)^]

[^A5^]
<P 3>
[} [\THE METRICAL PSALMS OF THE PARIS PSALTER\] }]
<R 51.6>
fore +anigre egesan n+afde, ne him fultum +t+ar f+astne
gelyfde; ac he on his welan spede wr+aste getruwode,
and on idel gylp ealra geornost.
<R 51.7>
Ic +tonne swa elebeam up weaxende on godes huse ece gewene,
and on milde mod mines drihtnes, and me
+t+at to worulde wat to helpe.
<R 51.8>
Ic +te andette awa to feore on +t+are worulde +de +tu
geworhtest her; for+tan +tu eart se gooda, gleaw on
gesyh+de, +te +tinne held curan, +tara haligra.
<R 52.1>
On his heortan cw+a+d unhydig sum, ungleawlice, +t+atte god
n+are; heo onsceoniendlice syndon [{gewordene{]
and heora willan wra+de besmitene.
<R 52.2>
N+as +ta goddoend se +te god wiste, ne an fur+dum ealra w+are.
<R 52.3>
+ta of heofenum beseah halig drihten ofer manna bearn,
hw+a+der his mihta +da andgyt +anig ealra h+afde,
o+d+de god wolde georne secan.
<R 52.4>
Ealle heo on ane idelnesse symle besegan; +ta w+as [{so+d{]
[{nan{] mann +te god wolde georne wyrcan;
ne an fur+tum ealra w+are.
<P 4>
<R 52.5>
Ac ge +t+as ealle ne magon andgyt habban +te unrihtes elne
wyrcea+d and min folc freta+d swa f+alne hlaf,
ne hio god wylla+d georne ciegan; +t+ar hio forhtiga+d,
frecnes egesan +aniges ne +turfon.
<R 52.6>
For+tam manna ban mihtig drihten [{liste{] tosceade+d, +ta
him licia+d; beo+d +ta [{gehyrwede{] +te forhycggea+d
god.
<R 52.7>
Hwylc Israela ece h+alu syle+d of Sione nym+de sylfa god,
+tonne he his folc f+agere alyse+d of h+aftnyde,
halig drihten?
<R 52.8>
+tonne Iacob by+d on gl+adum s+alum and Israelas ealle bli+de.
<R 53.1>
On +tinum +tam haligan naman, gedo me halne, god; alys me
fram la+dum +turh +tin leofe m+agen.
<R 53.2>
God, min gebed gearuwe gehyre, and earum onfoh min agen word.
<R 53.3>
For+tam me fremde oft facne gestodon, sohtan mine sawle swi+de
strange, and na heom god setton gleawne on gesyh+de.
<R 53.4>
Efne me +tonne god gleawe fultume+d, is andfengea ece drihten
sawle minre; he me swican ne wile.
<R 53.5>
Afyr me f+acne yfel feonda minra, and hi so+df+ast toweorp
sy+d+dan wide.
<R 53.6>
Ic +de lustum lace cweme, and naman +tinne [{niode{] swylce
geara andette, for+don ic hine goodne wat.
<R 53.7>
For+ton +tu me alysdest, lifes ealdor, of earfo+dum eallum
symble, ealle mine fynd eagum ofersawe.
<P 5>
<R 54.1>
Gehyr min gebed, halig drihten, ne forseoh +afre sariges bene;
beheald me holdlice and gehyr me eac.
<R 54.2>
Grimme ic eom begangen; for+don ic gnornige and me forhtige
feondes stefne and fyrenfulra f+acne ni+das.
<R 54.3>
For+dam me on sah unrihtes feala; wurdon me +ta on yrre yfele
and hefige.
<R 54.4>
Ys me on hre+dre heah heorte gedrefed and me fealle+d on
fyrhtu dea+des.
<R 54.5>
Egsa me and fyrhtu ealne forcwomon, and me be+teahton +teostru
ni+dgrim.
<R 54.6>
Ic +ta on mode cw+a+d, hwa me sealde to fleogenne fi+deru swa
culfran, and ic +tonne ricene reste sy+d+dan.
<R 54.7>
Efne ic feor gewite, fleame d+ale, and on westene wunode
lange, bide +t+as beornes +te me [{bete{] eft [{modes{] mindom
and m+agenes hreoh.
<R 54.8>
Hat nu tod+alan, drihten usser, heora ge+deode geond +tas
woruld wide; for+don ic +t+ar on unriht oft locade,
and wi+dercwyda wearn gehyrde; drugon +t+at on burgum
d+ages and nihtes.
<R 54.9>
[{+tunie{] him gewinnes wearn ofer wealles hrof and heom on
midle wese man and inwit and unso+df+astnys
ealle wealde.
<R 54.10>
N+afre on his weor+tige wea aspringe, mearce [{mansceat{] , man
inwides; for+ton gif me min feond f+acne wyrge+d,
ic +t+at abere bli+de mode.
<R 54.11>
+teah +te +ta ealle +de me a feodon, wordum wyrigen and wearn
sprecan,
<P 6>
ic me wi+d heora hete hyde sneome.
<R 54.12>
+tu eart se man +te me w+are on anmede, and +aghw+as cu+d
latteow lustum; and wyt gelome eac +aton swetne
mete samed +atg+adere, and on godes huse gangan swylce mid
ge+teahtunge +tine and mine.
<R 54.13>
Hi ofer cume un+tinged dea+d, astigon heo on helle heonan
lifigende.
<R 54.14>
For+dam on heora gasthusum is gramlic inwit, and on hiora
midle man inwitst+af.
<R 54.15>
Ic so+dlice to sylfum drihtne cleopode on cor+dre, and me
cu+dlice gehyrde h+alend drihten.
<R 54.16>
Ic on +afenne, eac on mergenne and on midne d+ag, m+agene
s+acge and bodie, +t+at +tu bli+de me mine stefne
sti+de gehyre.
<R 54.17>
A +du symle sawle mine lustum alyse, la+dum wi+dferige,
for+don me manige ymb m+agene syrewa+d.
<R 54.18>
+t+at gehyre+d god and hi gehyne+d eac, +te +ar worulde w+as
and nu wuna+d ece.
<R 54.19>
Nis him onwendednes on woruldlife, ne him godes fyrhtu georne
ondr+ada+d.
Heo besmita+d swylce his sylfes +ta gewitnesse, +t+ar hi woh
fremedon; for+don hi synt on yrre ut ad+alde, ne hi sylfe
wel geseon +afre, for+don hit w+as his heortan
gehygde neah.
<R 54.20>
Hi word hira wel gesmyredon ele anlicast; eft gewurdon on
gescotfeohta scearpe garas.
<R 54.21>
Sete on drihten +tin so+d gehygd; he +te butan fraco+dum
fede+d sy+d+dan.
<P 7>
<R 54.22>
Ne syle+d he so+df+astum sy+d+dan to feore +t+at him y+tende
mod innan hre+dre; +du arlease ealle gel+adest on
so+de forwyrd sea+des deopes.
<R 54.23>
[{Se{] [{blodhreowa{] wer bealuinwites f+acne gefylled [{ne{]
f+ager lif on middum feore gemete+d ahw+ar; ic me
on minne drihten deorne getreowige.
<R 55.1>
Miltsa me drihten, for+don me man trede+d, and me ealne d+ag
mid unrihte fynd onfeohta+d +turh facensearu.
<R 55.2>
And me f+acne treda+d feondas mine, do+d +t+at ealne d+ag fram
+armergene.
<R 55.3>
For+don monige synd +de to me feohta+d; wene ic me wra+de to
+de, wuldres drihten.
<R 55.4>
Ic wealdend god wordum herige, and on god swylce georne
gelyfe, +t+at minre spr+ace sped folgie +aghw+as
ealne d+ag; eac ic swylce on god drihten gearewe gewene; nis
me ege mannes for ahw+a+der.
<R 55.5>
Hw+at, me ealne d+ag mine agen word sylfne socon, swy+te
oncu+don, and wi+der me w+aran georne [{on{] yfel heora
ge+deaht ealle onwende.
<R 55.6>
On eardia+d, +ta +de swa +tencea+d +t+at heo gehyden h+alun
mine, swa min sawl bad +t+at +du swylce heo for
nahw+a+der nowiht h+ale; on yrre +tu folc eall ge+dreatast.
<R 55.7>
Ic nu leofum gode lif min secge, sette on +dinre gesyh+de
sarige tearas,
<P 8>
swa ic +de on gehate h+afde geneahhige.
<R 55.8>
+tonne on hinderling hweorfa+d mine feondas f+acne, +donne ic
me freo+du to +de wordum wilnige; ic wat and can,
+t+at +tu min god gleawe w+are.
<R 55.9>
Ic on god min word georne herige, and on god swylce georne
gelyfe, and ic ealne d+ag ecne drihten wordum weor+dige;
ne me wiht an site+d egesan awiht +aniges mannes.
<R 55.10>
On me synd, mihtig god, +t+at ic +te min gehat on herenesse
hyldo gylde; for+ton +du mine sawle of swyltdea+des
la+tum wi+dl+addest, dydest lof stunde, aweredest mine
eagan wra+dum tearum and mine fet f+ale beweredest,
+t+at ic gearewe gode licode on lifigendra leohte
eallum.
<R 56.1>
Miltsa min, god, and me milde weor+d, for+ton min sawel on +te
swy+de getrywe+d, and ic on f+agerum scuan
fi+dera +dinra gewicie, o+d+t+at gewite for+d and unriht me
eall beglide.
<R 56.2>
Heonan ic cleopige to heahgode and to wealdendgode, +de me wel
dyde.
<R 56.3>
He +ta of heofenum hider onsende +te me alysde, la+tum
wi+dferede, sealde on edwit +te me +ar tr+adan.
<R 56.4>
Sende mihtig god his milde gehigd and his so+df+ast mod samod
+atg+adere, and mine sawle sona alysde of
leon hwelpum re+de gemanan; w+as ic sl+apende sare gedrefed.
<R 56.5>
Synd me manna bearn mihtigum to+dum w+apenstr+alas, +ta me
wundedon;
<P 9>
w+aron hyra tungan getale teonan gehwylcre
and to yfele gehwam ungemet scearpe.
<R 56.6>
Ahefe +te ofer heofenas, halig drihten; is wuldur +din wide
and side ofer +das eor+tan ealle m+are.
<R 56.7>
Fotum heo minum f+acne grine grame gearwodon, and geornlice
mine sawle swy+de onbigdon.
<R 56.8>
Hi deopne sea+d dulfon widne, +t+ar ic eagum on locade, and hi
on +done ylcan eft gefeollan.
<R 56.9>
Gearo is min heorte +t+at ic gode cweme; gearo is min heorte
+t+at ic gode swylce sealmas singe, so+dword sprece.
<R 56.10>
Aris, wuldur min, wynpsalterium, and ic on +armergene eac
arise and min hearpe herige drihten.
<R 56.11>
Ic +te on folcum frine drihten ecne andete, eac geond +teode
sealmas singe swi+de geneahhige.
<R 56.12>
For+don +tin mildheortnes is mycel wi+d heofenas, is +din
so+df+astnes swylce wi+d wolcnum.
<R 56.13>
Ahafen +tu eart ofer heofenas, halig drihten; is ofer ealle
eor+dan [{swylce{] +tines wuldres wlite wide
and side.
<R 57.1>
Gif ge so+d sprecan symble wyllen, dema+d manna bearn domum
rihtum.
<R 57.2>
Eft ge on heortan hogedon inwit, worhton wra+de; for+tan +d+as
wite eft on eowre handa hefige geeode.
<R 57.3>
Ge firenfulle fremde wurdon, sy+d+dan hi on worlde w+aron
acende and heo on life lygeword sp+acon.
<R 57.4>
Yrre heom becume anlic n+adran,
<P 10>
+da aspide ylde nemna+d; seo hi deafe de+d,
dytte+d hyre earan, +t+at heo nele gehyran heahgaldor
sum +t+at snotre men singa+d wi+d attrum.
<R 57.5>
God heora to+das grame gesc+ane+d, +ta hi on mu+de mycle
habba+d; tolyse+d leona m+agen lungre drihten.
<R 57.6>
Ac hi forweor+dan w+atere gelicost, +tonne hit yrnende eor+de
forswelge+d; swa his bogan bende+d, o+d+t+at bitere eft
adl on sete+d, swa his geearnuncg by+d.
<R 57.7>
Swa weax melte+d, gif hit by+d wearmum neah fyre gef+astnad,
swa heo fealla+d on +t+at; hi sunnan ne geseo+d sy+d+dan +afre.
<R 57.8>
+Ar+don eowre treowu telgum blowe, w+astmum weaxe, +ar him wol
becime+d, +t+at heo beo+d on yrre ealle forswelgene.
<R 57.9>
So+df+ast blissa+d, +tonne he si+d ongan, hu +ta arleasan
ealle forweor+da+d, and his handa +dweh+d on h+a+tenra
and +t+ara fyrenfulra f+acnum blode.
<R 57.10>
And +tonne man cwe+te+d on his modsefan: +tis is w+astm wises
and goodes, +te his so+df+ast weorc symble l+aste,
hi on eor+dan god ealle gedeme+d.
<R 58.1>
Ahrede me, halig god, hefiges ni+des feonda minra, +de me
feohta+d to; alys me fram la+dum +te me lungre
on risan willa+d, nym+de +tu me r+ad geofe.
<R 58.2>
Genere me fram ni+te nahtfremmendra +te her unrihtes ealle
wyrcea+d, and me wi+d blodhreowes weres bealuwe geh+ale.
<R 58.3>
+ti nu mine sawle swi+te bysige feondas mine f+acne
of+tryhtun,
<P 11>
and me strange eac stundum ongunnon; ne
me unrihtes on awiht wistan, ne ic firene eac fremde drihtne.
<R 58.4>
Gif ic on unriht bearn, ic +t+as eft geswac; on minne
geanryne, aris +du, drihten, nu, and +du sylfa gesyhst,
+t+at ic swa dyde; +tu eart m+agena god, mihtig
drihten, and Israela god +aghw+ar +at +tearfe.
<R 58.5>
Beheald holdlice, hu +tu hra+de wylle geneosian ni+da bearna
ealra +deoda +aghw+ar landes; ne +tu hwe+dere
on mode milde weor+dest eallum +de unriht elne wyrcea+d.
<R 58.6>
Hi +at +afene eft in gecyrra+d, +tonne hy heardne hungor
+tolia+d, swa hundas ymbga+d hwommas ceastre.
<R 58.7>
Efne hi habba+d on mu+de milde spr+ace, is him on welerum
wra+d sweord and scearp.
<R 58.8>
+tonne gehyre+d hwylc, hw+at hyra hyge sece+d?
And +du hi, drihten, dest deope to bysmre; nafast +tu for
awiht ealle +teoda.
<R 58.9>
Ic mine streng+de on +de strange gehealde, for+don +tu me god
eart geara andfencgea, and mildheortnes mines drihtnes me
f+agere becom, +t+ar me w+as freondes +tearf.
<R 58.10>
Min se goda god, +atyw me +tin agen good for minum feondum,
+te me feale syndun; ne do hy to deadan, +ty l+as hi dollice
+tinre +a geban anforl+aton.
<R 58.11>
Ac +tu hi wide todrif +turh +tines wordes m+agen, and hi
wra+de toweorp, wealdend min drihten.
<R 58.12>
Ys hyra mu+des scyld manworda feala, +da hi mid welerum wra+de
aspr+acan; w+arun hi on oferhygde ealle gescende,
+ta hi on lige lange feredon; for+don hi on ende yrre
forgripe+d
<P 12>
and hi sy+t+tan ne beo+d samod +atg+adere.
<R 58.13>
Sy+d+dan hi wisslice witon, +t+atte wealde+d god ofer
middangeard manna cynnes and ealra eac eor+dan gem+aru.
<R 58.14>
Hi on +afenne eft gecyrra+d and heardne eac hungor +dolia+d,
swa hundas ymbga+d hwommas ceastre.
<R 58.15>
Efne hi to +ate ut gewita+d, +t+ar hi towrecene wide
hweorfa+d; gif hi fulle ne beo+d, fela gnornia+d.
<R 58.16>
Ic +tonne +dine streng+tu stundum singe and +din milde mod
morgena gehwylce.
<R 58.17>
For+don +tu min andfengea [{+aghw+ar{] w+are and ic helpe +at
+de h+afde symble, +tonne me costunge cnysedon geneahhige;
+tu eart fultum min, ic +de fela singe.
<R 58.18>
For+don +tu me, god, eart geara andfengea and mildheortnes,
mihtig drihten.
<R 59.1>
+tu us todrife, drihten user, and us towurpe geond wer+teoda,
yrre us wurde and eft milde.
<R 59.2>
[{Eor+dan{] +du onhrerdest, ealle gedrefdest; h+al hyre wunde,
nu heo [{ahrered{] is.
<R 59.3>
[{Feala{] +du +atywdest folce +dinum heardra wisan and hi
hra+te +after mid wynsume wine drenctest.
<R 59.4>
+tu becnuncge beorhte sealdest +tam +te ege +dinne elne
healda+d, +t+at hi him gebeorgen bogan and str+ale
and w+aron alysede leofe +tine.
<R 59.7>
[{Do{] [{me{] +tin seo swy+dre hand symle halne;
<P 13>
gehyr me, halig god.
<R 59.5>
Hw+at, +du holdlice on +dinre halignesse her aspr+ace: And ic
blissie, ba ged+ale Sicimam et Conuallem,
+da samod w+aron [{on{] Metiboris mihtum spedige.
<R 59.6>
Min is Galaad, gleaw Mannases and Effrem ys +a+dele streng+tu
heafdes mines her on foldan.
<R 59.7>
Cyninc ys me Iuda cu+d; is me Moab mines hyhtes hwer, and ic
a+denige eac on Idumea, min gescy sende,
and me sy+d+dan gedo Allophilas ealle gewylde.
<R 59.8>
Hwylc gel+ade+d me leofran on ceastre weallum beworhte?
Hwa wyle swylce me in Idumea eac gel+adan?
<R 59.9>
Ac ne eart +tu se sylfa god, +de us swa drife?
Ne ga +du us on m+agene, mihtig drihten.
<R 59.10>
Syle us nu on earfo+dum +a+delne fultum, for+don h+alu by+d
her on eor+dan manna gehwylces m+agene idel.
<R 59.11>
Us sceal m+agenes gemet mihtig drihten so+df+ast syllan, and
he sona m+ag ure fynd gedon fraco+te to nahte.

<P 60>
<R 89.1>
+tu eart fri+dstol us f+aste, drihten, of cynne on cynne and
on cneorisse.
<R 89.2>
+Ar+don munta gesceaft ofer middangeard o+d+de ymbhwyrft
eor+dan w+are o+t+te world w+are, +tu eart, wuldres
god.
<R 89.3>
Ne ahwyrf +tu fram m+ann heah eadmedu; and +tu cu+dlice cw+ade
sylfa: Ic manna [{bearnum{] mod onwende.
<R 89.4>
For +tinum eagum, ece drihten, +tusend wintra bi+d +ton
anlicast, swa geostran d+ag gegan w+are.
<R 89.5>
And swa hi on niht hyrdnesse neode beganga+d, ne heora
winterrim for wiht ne do+d.
<R 89.6>
Morgen gewite+d swa gemolsnad wyrt; o+dre morgene eft
geblowe+d and geefne+d swa, o+t+t+at +afen cyme+d,
+tonne forwisna+d, weor+de+d to duste.
<R 89.7>
For+ton we on +tinum yrre ealle forwurdon, w+aron on +tinum
hathige hearde gedrefde.
<R 89.8>
+tu ure unriht eall asettest, +t+ar +tu sylfa to eagum
locadest, and ure worulde +tu eac gesta+delodest on alihtincge
andwlitan +tines.
<P 61>
<R 89.9>
For+tam +de ure dagas ealle geteorudun, and we on +tinum yrre
synt swi+de gew+ahte.
<R 89.10>
W+aran anlicast ure winter geongewifran, +tonne hio geornast
bi+d, +t+at heo af+are fleogan on nette; beo+d ure geardagas
gnornscendende, +teah +te heora hundred seo samod +atg+adere.
<R 89.11>
Gif on mihtigum mannum geweor+de+d, +t+at hi hundehtatig ylda
gebiden, ealle +te +t+ar ofer beo+d +afre getealde wintra on
worulde, +ta beo+d gewinn and sar.
<R 89.12>
Us man+dw+arnes becwom micel ofer ealle and we on +tam gefean
forhte gewurdan.
<R 89.13>
Hwa +d+as so+d [{me{] cann s+acgean +anig, hu +tines yrres
egsa stande+d and seo micle miht?
Nis +t+at mann +anig +te +ta ariman rihte cunne.
<R 89.14>
Do us +ta +tine swi+dran hand, drihten, cu+de, +tam +te on
snytrum syn swy+de getyde, and +ta heora heortan
healda+d cl+ane.
<R 89.15>
Gehweorf us [{hw+athwiga{] , halig drihten; wes +tinum scealcum
wel ea+dbede.
<R 89.16>
We synd gefyllede f+agere on mergenne +tinre mildheortnesse;
+t+as we on mode nu habba+d ealle dagas +a+tele blisse.
<R 89.17>
We gefeo+d swylce for +ton f+agerum dagum, on +tam +tu us to
eadmedum ealle gebrohtest, and for +dam gearum +te we
[{on{] gesawon yfela feala.
<R 89.18>
Beseoh on +tine scealcas sw+asum eagum and on +tin agen weorc,
ece drihten, and heora bearn gerece bli+de mode.
<R 89.19>
Wese us beorhtnes ofer bli+dan drihtnes, ures +t+as godan
godes georne ofer ealle; gerece ure handgeweorc heah ofer usic.
<P 62>
<R 90.1>
Me earda+d +at +a+tele fultum +t+as hehstan heofonrices
weard, +te me +at wuna+d awa to feore.
<R 90.2>
Ic to drihtne cw+a+d: +tu me dyre eart f+ale fultum; h+abbe ic
freond on him, min se goda god, and ic on
+de geare hycge.
<R 90.3>
For+don he me alysde of la+dum grine, huntum unholdum, hearmum
worde.
<R 90.4>
He me mid his gesculdrum sceade be+teahte; for+ton ic under
fi+drum f+ale hihte.
<R 90.5>
Hw+at, me so+df+astnes min scylde wi+d feondum, ne +du +te
nihtegsan nede ondr+adest.
<R 90.6>
Ne forhtast +tu +de on d+age flan on lyfte, +t+at +te
+turhgangan garas on +deostrum, o+d+de on midne d+ag
m+are deoful.
<R 90.7>
Fealle+d +te on +ta wynstran wergra +tusend, and eac geteledra
tyn +tusendo on +tine +ta swi+dran and +te ne
scea+de+d +anig.
<R 90.8>
Hw+a+dere +tu +d+as eagan eall sceawadest, gesege fyrenfulra
frecne wite.
<R 90.9>
+tu me eart se hehsta hyht, halig drihten; +tu me fri+dstol on
+de f+astne settest.
<R 90.10>
Ne m+ag +te +anig yfel egle weor+dan, ne heard sweopu huse
+tinum on neaweste nahw+ar sce+t+tan.
<R 90.11>
For+ton he his englum bebead, +t+at hi mid earmum +te on
heora handum heoldan georne, +t+at +tu wilwega wealdan mostest.
<R 90.12>
And +te on folmum feredan swylce, +te l+as +tu fr+acne on stan
fote spurne.
<R 90.13>
+tu ofer aspide miht ea+de gangan, and bealde nu basiliscan
tredan, and leon and dracan liste gebygean.
<R 90.14>
For+don he hyhte to me, ic hine hra+de lyse, [{niode{] hine
scylde, nu he cu+de naman minne.
<P 63>
<R 90.15>
He cigde me, and ic hine cu+dlice hold gehyrde, and hine
hra+de sy+t+tan of earfo+tum ut alysde.
<R 90.16>
Ic hine generige and his naman swylce gewuldrige [{geond{]
ealle wer+deoda, and him lifdagas lange sylle,
swylce him mine h+alu holde +atywe.
<R 91.1>
God is, +t+at man drihtne geara andette and neodlice his naman
asinge, +tone heahestan h+ale+da cynnes.
<R 91.2>
And +tonne on morgene m+agene s+acge, hu he milde wear+d manna
cynne, and his so+de s+acge nihtes.
<R 91.3>
Hw+at, ic on tyn strengum getogen h+afde, hu ic +te on
psalterio singan mihte o+d+de +te mid hearpan hlyste cweman,
for+don +tu me on +tinum weorcum wisum lufadest;
hihte ic to +tinra handa halgum d+adum.
<R 91.4>
Hu micle synt +tine m+agenweorc, mihtig drihten; w+arun +tine
ge+dancas +tearle deope.
<R 91.5>
[{Wonhydig{] wer +t+as wiht ne cann, ne +t+as andgit hafa+d
+anig dysigra.
<R 91.6>
+tonne for+d cuma+d fyrenfulra +dreat, heap synnigra hige
onlic; ealle +t+ar +atywa+d, +ta +de unrihtes on weoruldlife
worhtan geornast, +t+at hi forwordene weor+den
sy+t+tan on worulda woruld and to widan feore.
<R 91.7>
+tu on ecnesse awa, drihten, [{heahesta{] bist, heofonrices
weard.
<R 91.8>
+ti nu +dine feond f+acne, drihten, on eor+dwege ealle
[{forweor+ta+d{] , and weor+da+d towrecene wide ealle,
<P 64>
+ta +te unrihtes +aror worhtan.
<R 91.9>
+tonne anhorna ealra gelicost, min horn weor+de+d ahafen
swi+de and mine yldo beo+d [{+aghw+ar{] genihtsum.
<R 91.10>
And eage +tin eac sceawode, hw+ar fynd mine f+acne w+aran, and
mine wergend wra+de gehyrde efne +tin agen
eare swylce.
<R 91.11>
Se so+df+asta samed anlicast beorht on bl+adum blowe+d swa
palma, and swa Libanes beorh lide+d and growe+d.
<R 91.12>
Setta+d nu georne on godes huse, +t+at ge on his wicum wel
geblowan.
<R 91.13>
Nu gyt syndan manige manna swylce, +te hiom yldo gebidan +ar
to genihte, and +ta mid ge+tylde +tenden s+agdan.
<R 91.14>
Cw+adon, +t+at w+are so+df+ast sylfa drihten and hine unrihtes
awyht ne heolde.
<R 92.1>
Drihten hine begyrede gode streng+de, and hine +ta mid micle
m+agene begyrde.
<R 92.2>
Drihten rixa+d, dema usser, and hine mid weor+dlice wlite
gegyrede.
<R 92.3>
And +ta ymbhwyrft eor+tan getrymede, swa folde stod f+aste
sy+t+tan.
<R 92.4>
Gearu is +tin setl, and +tu, ece god, +ar worulde fruman,
wunast butan ende.
<R 92.5>
Hofan heora stefne streamas, drihten, hofan and hlynsadan
hludan reorde fram w+aterstefnum widra manigra.
<R 92.6>
Wr+aclice syndon w+agea gangas, +tonne s+astreamas swi+dust
flowa+d; swa is wundorlic wealdend usser halig drihten
on heanessum.
<P 65>
<R 92.7>
+tin gewitnes is weorcum geleafsum, and mid so+de is swi+de
getreowed.
<R 92.8>
Huse +tinum halig gedafena+d, drihten usser, and dagas lange.
<R 93.1>
+tu eart wracena god, and +tu miht wrecan swylce, ana
gefreogan +aghwylcne mann.
<R 93.2>
Ahefe +te on ellen, eor+tan dema, gyld oferhydigum, swa hi
+ar grame worhton.
<R 93.3>
Hu lange fyrenwyrhtan foldan wealda+d o+t+te manwyrhtan
mor+dre gylpa+d?
<R 93.4>
Hi oftust spreca+d, unnyt s+acgea+d and woh meldia+d, wyrcea+d
unriht.
<R 93.5>
Folc hi +tin, drihten, f+acne gehyndan, and yrfe +tin eall
forcoman.
<R 93.6>
+al+deodige men, earme wydewan, steopcilda feala stundum
acwealdon.
<R 93.7>
S+agdan and cw+adan, +t+at ne gesawe drihten +afre, dyde swa
he wolde, ne +t+at Iacobes god ongitan cu+de.
<R 93.8>
Onfinda+d +t+at and [{ongeota+d{] +te on folce nu unwiseste
ealra syndon; dysige hw+athwygu deope +t+at oncnawan.
<R 93.9>
Se +de +arest ealdum earan worhte, hu se oferhleo+dur +afre
wurde?
And him eagena gesyh+d eallum sealde and he scearpe ne m+age
gesceawian?
And se +te ege healde+d eallum +teodum, and his +trea ne si
+t+ar for awiht, se +te men l+are+d micelne wisdom?
<R 93.10>
God ealle cann guman ge+dancas eor+dbuendra, for+don hi idle
synt.
<R 93.11>
+t+at bi+d eadig mann, +te +tu hine, ece god, on +tinre so+dre
+a sylfa getyhtest
<P 66>
and hine +teodscipe +dinne
l+arest and him yfele dagas ealle gebeorgest, o+d+t+at bi+d
frecne sea+d +tam fyrenfullan deop adolfen deorc and +dystre.
<R 93.12>
N+afre wi+ddrife+d drihten ure his agen folc, ne his yrfe +ton
ma on ealdre wile +afre forl+atan.
<R 93.13>
Hwylc +tonne gena gehwyrfed by+d, +t+at he on unriht eft ne
cyrre; o+d+de hwylc nyme+d me, +t+at ic man fleo
and mid rihtheortum r+ades +tence?
<R 93.14>
Hwylc arise+d mid me, +t+at ic riht fremme and wi+d awyrgedum
winne and stande, +te unrihtes ealle wyrcea+d?
<R 93.15>
Nym+de me drihten, dema usser, gefultumede f+agere +at
+tearfe, wenincga min sawl sohte helle.
<R 93.16>
Gif ic +t+as s+agde, +t+at min sylfes fot ful sarlice asliden
[{w+are{] , +ta me mildheortnes mihtigan drihtnes gefultumede,
+t+at ic feorh ahte.
<R 93.17>
+After +t+are menigeo minra sara +te me +ar on ferh+de f+aste
gestodan, +ta me +tine frofre f+agere, drihten,
gesibbedan sawle mine.
<R 93.18>
Ne +atfylige+d +te ahw+ar facen ne unriht; +du gef+astnast
facen sares; hi so+df+aste sneome geh+afta+d and heora sawle
ofslean +tencea+d, blod so+df+astra bitere ageotan.
<R 93.19>
For+don me is geworden wealdend drihten to fri+dstole f+ast
and gesta+delad; is me fultum his f+ast on drihtne.
<R 93.20>
+tonne him gylde+d god +almihtig ealle +ta unriht +de hi
geearnedan, and on heora facne f+aste todrife+d
drihten eallmihtig, dema so+df+ast.
<P 67>
<R 94.1>
Cuma+d nu tog+adere, wutun cweman gode, wynnum drihten
wealdend herigean, urum h+alende hyldo gebeodan.
<R 94.2>
Wutun his ansyne +arest secean, +t+at we andettan ure fyrene
and we sealmas him singan mid wynne.
<R 94.3>
For+don is se micla god mihtig drihten and se micla cynincg
ofer eall manna godu.
<R 94.4>
For+don ne wi+ddrife+d drihten usser his agen folc +afre +at
+tearfe; he +tas heahbeorgas healde+d swylce.
<R 94.5>
Eac he s+as wealde+d and he sette +tone; worhte his folme eac
foldan drige.
<R 94.6>
Cuma+d him fore and cneow bigea+d on ansyne ures drihtnes, and
him wepan fore +de us worhte +ar.
<R 94.7>
For+don he is drihten god, dema usser; w+arun we his f+ale
folc and his f+agere sceap, +ta [{he{] on his edisce
+ar afedde.
<R 94.8>
Gif ge to d+age drihtnes stefne holde gehyran, n+afre ge
heortan ge+tanc deorce forhyrden drihtnes willan.
<R 94.9>
Swa on grimnesse fyrn geara dydan on +tam wra+dan d+age and on
westenne, +t+ar min +durh facen f+aderas eowre +tisse
cneorisse cunnedan georne, +t+ar hi cunnedan, cu+d
ongeaton and min sylfes weorc gesawon mid
eagum.
<R 94.10>
Nu ic feowertig folce +tyssum wintra rimes wunade neah, aa and
symble cw+a+d and eac swa oncneow, +t+at
hi on heortan hyge dysegedan.
<R 94.11>
Hi wegas mine wihte ne oncneowan, +t+at ic +ar on yrre a+de
benemde, gif hi on mine reste ricene eodon.
<P 68>
<R 95.1>
Singa+d nu drihtne sangas neowe; singe +teos eor+de eall eceum
drihtne.
<R 95.2>
Singa+d nu drihtne, and his so+dne naman bealde bletsia+d;
beornas s+acgea+d fram d+age to d+age drihtnes h+alu.
<R 95.3>
Secgea+d his wuldor geond sige+teode, and on eallum folcum his
[{f+agere{] wundor.
<R 95.4>
He is se mycla god; for+ton hine m+an sculon elne herian; he
is egeslic god ofer ealle godu eor+dbuendra.
<R 95.5>
Syndon ealle h+a+tenu godu hildedeoful; heofonas +t+anne
worhte halig drihten.
<R 95.6>
Ys on +tinre gesih+de so+d andetnes, f+ager halignes f+aste
gebletsad and weor+dlic wlite wuldres +tines.
<R 95.7>
Bringa+d nu drihtne bu +atsomne wlite and are, wuldor +dridde,
and +t+at of hiora e+dele don ealle +teode,
+t+at hi naman drihtenes neode herigean.
<R 95.8>
Genima+d eow arlice lac and in ganga+d on his wictunas;
weor+dia+d drihten on his +t+are halgan healle geneahhige.
<R 95.9>
For his ansyne sceal eor+de beofian; secga+d nu on cynnum and
on cneorissum, +t+at from treowe becwom tirf+ast rice
drihten ure; dome he sy+t+tan eor+dan ymbhwyrft ealle gesette.
<R 95.10>
He ferhtlic riht folcum deme+d and on his yrre ealle +teode.
<R 95.11>
Heofenas blissia+d, hrusan swylce gefeo+d f+astlice, and
floda +trym; sealte s+astreamas s+al+de habba+d.
<R 95.12>
Habba+d feldas eac f+agere blisse and ealle +ta +te on him
eard weardia+d;
<P 69>
w+arun wudubearuwas on wyndagum for andwlitan
ecean drihtnes, for+ton he cwom on cyne+drymme,
+t+at he +tas eor+dan ealle demde.
<R 95.13>
+tonne he ymbhwyrft eor+dan folca so+de and rihte sy+t+tan
deme+d.
<R 96.1>
Rixa+d nu mid rihte rice drihten; is eor+de nu eac on blisse,
and +t+as f+agerne gefean habba+d ealanda m+anig ut
on gars+acge.
<R 97.8>
stundum onginna+d f+agnian mid folmum on gefean +alcne;
beorgas blissia+d, beacen oncnawa+d, for ansyne
ecean drihtnes; for+ton he eadig com eor+tan to demanne.
<R 97.9>
He ymbhwyrft eor+tan deme+d so+de and rihte, and his syndrig
folc on rihtnesse r+ade gebringe+d.
<R 98.1>
Rixa+d drihten, and he re+de folc healde+d on yrre ungemete
swi+de; sitte+d ofer cherubin, se +te sona m+ag ana eor+dware
ealle onstyrian.
<R 98.2>
Drihten is on Sion, dema se m+asta, heah and m+are ofer eall
h+ale+da folc.
<R 98.3>
We andeta+d +tinum +tam ecean naman, +t+at he mid mannum is
mycel and egeslic, halig on helpe h+ale+ta bearnum,
aare cyninges dom [{+aghw+ar{] lufade.
<P 70>
<R 98.4>
+tu gegearwadest geara +arest, +t+at +tu recene, god, rihte
beeodest; +tu on Iacobe gode domas +at fruman
worlde f+agere settest.
<R 98.5>
Ahebba+d haligne heofena drihten, usserne god
[{ellencr+afte{] , and his fota sceamul for+d weor+tia+d;
for+ton he halig is h+ale+da bearnum.
<R 98.6>
Moyses et [{Aaron{] m+are gebro+dor, so+de sacerdas, Samuhel
+dridda, +ta gode his naman neode cigdan.
<R 98.7>
Hi cymlice cigdon drihten, and he hi gehyrde holde mode,
spr+ac him wordum to +turh wolcnes swyr.
<R 98.8>
Hi +ta gewitnesse wel geheoldon and his bebodu beorhte
efnedan, +ta he him sealde and sylfa bebead.
<R 98.9>
+tu gehyrdest hig, halig drihten, and him, meahtig god, milde
wurde, and heora +af+tancan ealle gewr+ace.
<R 98.10>
Hebba+d urne god, h+alend drihten, and hine on halgum her
weor+dia+d m+arum beorge; for+don his meahte synt
and halig is heofonrices weard.
<R 99.1>
Nu ge mycle gefean mihtigum drihtne eall +teos eor+de elne
hyre, and blisse gode bealde +teowie.
<R 99.2>
Ganga+d on ansyne ealle bli+de; wita+d wislice +t+at he is
wealdend god; he us geworhte and we his syndon.
<R 99.3>
We his folc syndan and his f+ale sceap, +da he on his edisce
ealle afedde; ga+d nu on his doru, god andetta+d,
<P 71>
and hine weor+dia+d on wictunum mid lofsangum lustum
myclum.
<R 99.4>
Heria+d naman drihtnes, for+ton he is ni+dum sw+as; is +tin
milde mod ofer manna bearn.
<R 100.1>
Mildheortnesse and dom mihtigan drihtnes singe and secge, and
so+d ongyte on unwemmum wege, hw+anne
+tu me wylle to.
<R 100.2>
[{Ic{] mid unbealuwe ealre heortan +turh +din hus middan halig
eode.
<R 100.3>
Ne sette ic me fore eagum yfele wisan; ealle ic feode facnes
wyrcend, n+as me [{wyngesi+d{] wi+derweard heorte.
<R 100.4>
Ic awyrgde fram me wende and cyrde; nolde ic hiora andgit
+anig habban, +te t+alnessa teonan geneahhige wi+d heora
+tam nehstan ni+d ahofan; +tara ic ehte ealra mid ni+de.
<R 100.5>
Oferhydegum eagum, uns+adre heortan, nolde ic mid +t+am men
minne mete +dicgean.
<R 100.6>
Ofer [{geleaffulle{] eor+dbugende eagan mine georne
sceawedun, hw+ar ic tirf+aste treowe funde, +ta me symble
mid s+aton and eodon; he me holdlice her +degnade.
<R 100.7>
Ne earda+d on midle mines huses, +te oferhygd up ahebbe o+t+te
unriht cwe+tan elne wille.
<R 100.8>
Ic on morgenne ofslea manes wyrhtan ealle +te unriht elne
worhtan and fyrena fela gefremed habba+d; ealle ic +ta
of drihtnes drife ceastre.

<P 137>
<R 140.1>
Ic +te, drihten, to dyrum clypige; gehyr me hr+adlice holdre
stefne, +tonne ic bene to +te bidde ceare full.
<R 140.2>
Sy on +tinre gesih+te mines sylfes gebed ful recene gereht,
swa ricels by+d, +tonne hit gifre gleda b+arna+d.
<R 140.3>
Swylce [{is{] ahafenes handa minra, +tonne ic +te +afenlac
estum secge.
<P 138>
<R 140.4>
[{Sete{] sw+ase geheald swylce, drihten, mu+de minum, ne l+at
man sprecan, and +a+tele dor [{ymbstandende{] ,
+t+at on welerum wisdom healde.
<R 140.5>
Ne hyld +tu mine heortan, [{+t+at{] ic hearme word +turuh
inwitst+af ut forl+ate, and ic l+adend wese la+dra firena.
<R 140.6>
Ne ic +afre mid mannum manfremmendum gem+annesse micle h+abbe,
ne on heora gecorenesse becume +afre.
<R 140.7>
[{Ac{] me so+df+ast symble gerecce and mildheorte mode
+treage; ele synfulra +afre ne mote heafde minum hrinan ahw+ar.
<R 140.8>
For+ton min gebed nu gyt becnum stande+d, +t+at him on wisum
is wel lycendlice; syndon hi +at strangum stane forswolgene;
noldan heora deman mine gedefe word earan gehyran,
eft ne mihton.
<R 140.9>
Swa unefne is eor+te +ticce, syndon +tas moras myclum
asprotene, swa ure ban syndon bitere toworpene be
helwarena [{h+afteneodum{] .
<R 140.10>
For+ton ic, drihten, on +te d+adum minum eagum and mode
+aghw+ar gelyfe; ne ascuf +tu fram me sawle mine.
<R 140.11>
Geheald me wi+d +tare gryne +te me grame setton, +t+at me ne
beswice synwyrcende, +ta +te unrihtes +aghw+ar
+tencea+d.
<R 140.12>
Fealla+d firenfulle on heora fengnettum; ic me syndrig eom,
o+t+t+at ic swa fere.
<R 141.1>
Min stefn to +te styrme+d, drihten, and ic mid strangere
stefne swylce
<P 139>
eam biddende bealde drihten.
<R 141.2>
Ic mine bene bealde swylce on his gesih+de symble ageote, and
mine earfe+tu ealle full georne fore him sylfum
s+acge geneahhe.
<R 141.3>
Gif mine grame +tencea+d gast teorian, and +tu mine stige
strange ongeate.
<R 141.4>
On +dyssum grenan wege, +te ic gange on, me oferhydige
+aghw+ar setton gearwe grine; geara ic sceawade,
geseah on +ta swy+dran, ne me sylfne +t+ar +anig mid gode
ongitan wolde.
<R 141.5>
+Da me eac frecne fram fleam gedydan, n+as +ta +te mine sawle
secean wolde, +ta ic to +te, drihten, digle
cleopode and sona cw+a+d: +tu eart min se so+da hiht; eart
+tu on lifigendra lande swylce se gedefa d+al, drihten,
+aghw+ar.
<R 141.6>
Beheald mine sawle, h+ale+ta wealdend, for+ton ic geeadmeded
eom ungemete swi+de.
<R 141.7>
Alys me fram la+tum; hi me lungre synt ealle ofer me ungemete
strange.
<R 141.8>
Al+ad me of carcernes cluse swylce mine sawle, +t+at ic
sy+t+tan for+d +tinne naman mote neode s+acgean.
<R 141.9>
Min so+df+aste snotere bida+d, o+t+t+at +tu me edlean eft
forgylde.
<R 142.1>
Drihten, min gebed deore gehyre, and mid earum onfoh ungemetum
georne mine halsunge; heald me sy+d+dan on +tinre
so+df+astnesse and me on so+de gehyr.
<R 142.2>
Ne ga +tu mid +tinum esne in to dome, for+ton on +tinre
gesih+de ne bi+d so+df+ast +anig +te on +disse foldan
feorhlif bere+d.
<R 142.3>
For+ton mine sawle swi+de feondas
<P 140>
ealle ehtan ungemete strange, habba+d me gehn+aged heanne
to eor+dan and min lif swylce gelytlad is.
<R 142.4>
Hi me on digle deorce stowe settan sarlice samed anlice, swa
+tu worulddeade wrige mid foldan; is me
[{+ange{] gast innan hre+dres, and me is heorte on hearde
gedrefed.
<R 142.5>
+tonne ic on mode gemyndgade, hu me +arran dagas oft alumpan,
metegade on mode ealle +tine m+aran weorc
and ymbe +tine handgeweorc hogode georne.
<R 142.6>
+tonne ic mine handa to +te holde +tenede and mine sawle sette
mid mode, swa eor+dan bi+d ansyn w+ateres;
gehyr me hr+adlice, h+al me sy+t+tan.
<R 142.7>
Nu me deope is, drihten leofa, min sylfes gast sw+ar geworden,
ne awend fram me, wuldres ealdur, +tine ansyne; wese ic
earmum gelic +te on sweartne grund sy+t+tan astiga+d.
<R 142.8>
Gedo +t+at ic gehyre holde on morgene +tine mildheortnesse,
mihtig drihten, for+ton ic hycge to +de, helpe gelyfe.
<R 142.9>
Do me wegas wise, +t+at ic wite gearwe on hwylcne ic gange
gleawe mode; nu ic to drihtnes dome wille
mine sawle settan geornast.
<R 142.10>
Afyrr me, frea drihten, feondum minum; nu ic helpe to +te
holde gelyfe; l+ar me, hu ic +tinne willan wyrce and fremme,
for+ton +tu min god eart, +tu me god dydest.
<R 142.11>
Me +tin se goda gast gleawe l+adde, +t+at ic on rihtne weg
re+dne ferde; for naman +tines neodweor+dunge,
drihten usser, do me halne,
<P 141>
+t+at ic on +dinum rihte r+adf+ast lifige.
<R 142.12>
And +tu of costunge cl+ane al+addest sawle mine, +t+ar heo
sy+d+dan for+d on +tinre mildheortnesse mote wunian;
and +tu mine feondas f+acne todrife, and eac forleose
la+dra gehwylcne +te mine sawle synne +atf+asten,
for+ton ic +tin esne eom agen symble.
<R 143.1>
Drihten is gebletsad, min se deora god, +te mine handa to
hilde teah and mine fingras to gefeohtanne.
<R 143.2>
[{He{] is mildheortnes min +at +tearfe, fri+d and fultum,
f+ast andfengea and alysend is lifes mines.
<R 143.3>
Min +tu m+are eart mihtig scyldend; ic hiht on +de h+abbe
f+aste, +t+at +tu me folc m+anig f+agere under+teoddest.
<R 143.4>
Hw+at is se manna, mihtig drihten, +te +tu him cu+dlice cy+tan
woldest, o+d+de mannes sunu, +t+at hit gemet
w+are, +t+at +tu him aht wi+d +afre h+afdest?
<R 143.5>
[{Man{] by+d merwe gesceaft, mihtum idel; beo+d his dagas
swylce demde gelice, swa +tu on scimiendre sceade locige.
<R 143.6>
Ahyld +tine heofenas, halig drihten, onhrin +tissum muntum,
and hi hra+de reoca+d.
<R 143.7>
+tine ligetta [{leohta+d{] and [{beorhta+d{] , and +tu hi
toweorpest wide +after; synd +tine strele strange swylce,
and +du hi gedrefed hafast deope sy+t+tan.
<R 143.8>
Onsend +tine handa of heanessum, alys me and genere wi+d
lagustreamum manegum w+aterum and wi+d manfolmum
<P 142>
fremdra bearna and frecenra.
<R 143.9>
+tara mu+das spreca+d manidel word, bi+d hyra seo swi+dre
symble abysgod, +t+at hi unrihtes elne tiligea+d.
<R 143.10>
Ic niwlice niwne cantic +tam godan gode gleawne singe on
psalterio, +te him swynsa+d oft mid tyn strengum getogen
hearpe, on +t+are +te ic +te singe swi+te geneahhe.
<R 143.11>
+tu healdest and sylest h+alu cyningum; +tu alysdest eac
leofne Dauid, +tinne agenne ombihtm+acg, of +tam
awyrgedan wra+dan sweorde.
<R 143.12>
Alys me and o+dl+ad la+tum w+atrum, manegum merestreamum,
m+arum handum, +ta me fremde bearn f+acne syndan.
<R 143.13>
+tara mu+das spreca+d manidel word, by+d hyra seo swi+dre
symble abysgad, +t+at hi unrihtes awa tiligean.
<R 143.14>
+tara bearn swylce [{bogum{] +a+telum settum beamum samed
anlice, [{standa+d{] on sta+dule sti+de wi+d geogu+de.
<R 143.15>
W+arun heora dohtru deore gesette and ymb fr+atwum utan
gegyrede, efne anlicast +a+telum temple.
<R 143.16>
Heora frumw+astme fulle syndon, +t+at hi rumlice roccetta+d
swi+de, of +tissan on +t+at +tonne wenda+d.
<R 143.17>
Heora sceap w+arun swylce tydred and on si+dfatum swi+te
genihtsum, heora oxan eac ungemete f+atte.
<R 143.18>
Ne hreosa+d hi to hrusan hearde gebiged, ne +t+ar fernes is
folca m+anegum, ne care micle cleopia+d on [{wor+dum{] .
<P 143>
<R 143.19>
Eadig bi+d +t+at folc, o+dre hata+d, +te him swa on foldan
f+agre limpe+d; eadig bi+d +t+at folc +te +almihtig
wile [{drihten{] god dema weor+dan.
<R 144.1>
Ic me heahne god h+abbe to kyninge, and ic naman +tinne neode
herige on ecnesse awa to worulde.
<R 144.2>
+turuh syndrige dagas symble ic +de bletsige, and naman +tinne
neode herige on ecnesse awa to worulde.
<R 144.3>
Mycel is drihten, hine man m+agene sceal holde mode herian
swi+de; nis his micelmodes m+agenes ende.
<R 144.4>
Cneorissa kynn cwidum symble +tin weorc herigen wordum georne,
and +tine mihte eac micle s+acgeon.
<R 144.5>
Mycel mod and strang +tines m+agen+drymmes and +tine
halignesse holdes modes wise wordum spreca+d,
weredum secggea+d eall +tin wundur wide m+are.
<R 144.6>
And hi m+agen swylce m+are and egeslic +tinra wundra wislic
s+acgen and +tine [{m+agenstreng+du{] m+arsien wide.
<R 144.7>
Gemune +tines modes +ta miclan geniht, +tinre we+dnesse wise
s+acgenum roccette and r+ad sprece, and +tine
so+df+astnesse s+acge geneahhe.
<R 144.8>
Mildheort is drihten and mann+tw+are and ge+tyldig eac,
+tearle mildheort.
<R 144.9>
Swylce eallum is ure drihten manna cynne milde and bli+de;
[{syndan{] his miltsa ofer us m+are weorc eall yldum cu+d
awa to feore.
<P 144>
<R 144.10>
Andetten +te, drihten, ealle +tine weorc and +te +tine +ta
halgan her bletsien.
<R 144.11>
And hi +tine mihte manna bearnum cy+tan mid cynnum and mid
cneorissum, +tines m+agen+trymmes m+are wuldur
riht and re+de rices +tines.
<R 144.12>
+t+at +tu cu+d gedydest ofer cneorisse, +t+ar synd manna bearn
manig +atsomne, and +t+at +tin miht is ofer middaneard
and +tines rices r+adf+ast wuldur.
<R 144.13>
Rice is +tin, drihten, r+ade gef+astnod, and +tu woruldricum
wealdest eallum; is +tin anweald eac ofer eor+dware of cynne
on cynn and on cneorissum.
<R 144.14>
Drihten is on wordum d+adum getreowe and on eallum his
weorcum wis and halig.
<R 144.15>
Ahefe+d halig god +ta +de hreosa+d +ar, and he ealle arece+d
earme gebrocene.
<R 144.16>
Eagan on +te ealra, drihten, wisra gewena+d wiste to genihte,
and +tu him mete sylest m+ala gehwylce and +t+as tidlice
tid gemearcast.
<R 144.17>
[{Onhlidest{] +du +tine handa and hi hra+de fyllest, ealra
wihta gehwam wis bletsunga.
<R 144.18>
So+df+ast is drihten on his sylfes wegum eallum on eor+dan,
and he +after +tan on his weorcum is wis and
halig.
<R 144.19>
Neah is drihten ni+tum eallum +te hine mid so+de hige secea+d
and ciega+d and his willan her wyrcea+d georne and his
[{ege{] swylce elne r+afna+d; he heora bene
bealde gehyre+d and hi hr+adlice gede+d hale sona.
<R 144.20>
Ealle gehealde+d halig drihten +te lufan wi+d hine lustum
healde+d, and he synfulle swylce todrife+d geond widwegas
wearnum ealle.
<P 145>
<R 144.21>
Sceal lof drihtnes on lust sprecan min mu+d mannum m+ala
gehwylce, and fl+asca gehwylc +turh f+ale word
his +tone haligan naman her bletsian on ecnesse awa to feore.
<R 145.1>
Herige min sawl h+alend drihten, and ic on minum life lustum
drihten herige haligne and holdum gode
sealmas singe, +tenden ic sylf lifige.
<R 145.2>
Nelle ge on ealdurmenn ane getreowian, ne on manna bearn; nis
+t+ar mycel h+alu.
<R 145.3>
Heora gast gange+d, gearwe onwende+d on +ta eor+dan +te hi of
comon; of +tam sylfan d+age sy+d+tan forweor+da+d ealle
+ta ge+tohtas +te hi +tohtan +ar.
<R 145.4>
+tonne bi+d eadig +te him +aror w+as Iacobes god geara
fultumiend, and +ar his hiht on god h+afde f+aste.
<R 145.5>
Se +te heofon worhte, hrusan swylce and sidne s+a samed
+atg+adere, and ealle +ta +te him on ahw+ar syndon.
<R 145.6>
He his so+df+ast word swylce gehealde+d, and on worulde his
wise domas de+d gedefe +te her deorce +ar [{teonan{]
manige torne ge+toledan; syle+d mete swylce +te her
murcne +ar hungur hea+dugrimne heardne ge+toledan.
<R 145.7>
Wrece+d to r+ade rice drihten +tara manna bearn +te +ar man
gebr+ac, swylce +ta gefetredan f+agre drihten lungre alyse+d
and him lif geofe+d, and blinde eac bealde drihten on
heora eagum eft onleohte+d;
<P 146>
so+df+aste drihten swylce lufade.
<R 145.8>
+Ta el+deodigan ealle drihten lustum healde+d, and lif geofe+d
weodewum wencelum; he hiom wel onfeh+d, fyrenfulra weg frecne
toweorpe+d.
<R 145.11>
Rixa+d mid r+ade rice drihten on ecnesse awa to feore, and
+tin, Sione, god symble to worulde.
<R 146.1>
Heria+d drihten, he is heah and good; singa+d him sealmas
swi+de geneahhe and hine wlitegum wordum herigea+d.
<R 146.2>
Eft Hierusalem georne drihten timbre+d tidum, and to somna+d
+ta +te ut gewitan of Israhelum.
<R 146.3>
Se h+ale+d eac heortan ge+dr+aste and heora unrotnesse ealle
gewri+de+d.
<R 146.4>
He recene m+ag riman steorran and +ta neodlice be naman sona
full cu+dlice cigean ealle.
<R 146.5>
Micel is ure mihtig drihten, and his m+agen is micel and
mihtum strang; ne his snytru m+ag secgean +anig,
on +tyssum ealdre +afre ariman.
<R 146.6>
Milde mode and man+tw+are he onfeh+d f+agere, and fyrenfulle
wi+d eor+dan ni+ter ealle gehnege+d.
<R 146.7>
Onginna+d ge drihtne geare andettan, singa+d gode urum gleawe
be hearpan.
<R 146.8>
Se +te heofen +tece+d hadrum wolcnum and regn +tanon recene
sende+d +te +teos eor+de fram +after growe+d.
<R 146.9>
He of beorgum ut bl+ade l+ade+d, hig to helpe h+ale+da
bearnum.
<P 147>
<R 146.10>
Se +te mete syle+d manegum neatum, hrefnes briddum, +tonne
heo hropende him cigea+d to, cu+des +ases.
<R 146.11>
[{Nafast{] +du to manna m+agene willan, ne +te on +tinum
selegescotum swi+de lica+d, +teah +te weras wyrcean
wr+ast on eor+dan.
<R 146.12>
Ac wel lica+d wuldres drihtne, +ta +te hine him ondr+ada+d
d+adum and wordum, and on his milde mod m+agene
gewena+d.
<R 147.1>
Herige Hierusalem georne drihten, here +tu, Sion, swylce
+tinne so+dne [{god{] .
<R 147.2>
For+ton he getrymede wi+d teonhete, +t+at +tu +tine doru
mihtest bedon f+aste, and gebletsade bearna [{+aghwylc{]
+te on innan +te ahw+ar w+aren.
<R 147.3>
He +tine gem+aru gemiclade, +tu on utlandum ahtest sibbe, and
+te gesadade mid +ty selestan hw+atecynnes
holde lynde.
<R 147.4>
He his spr+ace hider spowendlice on +tas eor+dan +arest
sende+d, and his word yrne+d wundrum sniome.
<R 147.5>
He snaw sende+d samed anlice swa +tu wulle flys wolcnum
bringe, and [{+tone{] toweorpe+d wide swa +ascean.
<R 147.6>
He his cristallum cynnum sende+d swylc swa hlafgebrece of
heofonwolcnum; for andwlitan celes +t+ar [{+anig{]
ne m+ag him standan sti+de mode.
<R 147.7>
He his word sende+d +turuh windes gast; blawe+d beorhtlice,
burnan flowe+d and to w+atere weor+de+d sniome.
<R 147.8>
He his word eac +ar mid wisdome
<P 148>
godum Iacobe geara fores+agde, and Israhele eac his domas.
<R 147.9>
Ne dyde he ahw+ar swa eldran cynne, +t+at he him his domas
digle gecydde.
<R 148.1>
Heria+d ge on heofenum h+alend drihten, heria+d hlude on
heanessum.
<R 148.2>
Heria+d hine ealle engla +dreatas, lofige hine swylce eall
his leodm+agen.
<R 148.3>
Herigen hine swylce sunna and mona, +aghwylc steorra and +t+at
+a+dele leoht.
<R 148.4>
Heofenas hine heofena herian georne, and +ta w+ater swylce +de
ofer wolcnum synt on heofenhame, herigen drihten.
<R 148.5>
For+don he sylfa cw+a+d, sona w+arun [{wr+aclice{] geworht
w+atera +dry+te, and gesceapene w+arun, +ta he sylfa
het.
<R 148.6>
+ta he on ecnesse eall sta+delade and on worulda woruld wolde
healdan; he sette bebod, sy+t+tan heo +t+at
heoldon.
<R 148.7>
Herigen dracan swylce drihten of eor+dan, and ealle
neowelnessa herian naman drihtnes.
<R 148.8>
Fyr, forst, h+agel and gefeallen snaw, is and yste, ealra
gastas +te his word willa+d wyrcean georne.
<R 148.9>
Muntas and geswyru, micle beamas, +ta +te m+ast and w+astm
mannum bringa+d, and on eallum cedrum [{cii+d{] al+aded.
<R 148.10>
Deor and neat, do +t+at sniome; nifle n+adran cynn be naman
ealle, and fugla cynn fi+derum gescyrped.
<R 148.11>
Eor+dcyningas eac ealle swylce +te folcum her fore wisien
<P 149>
and ealdormen ahw+ar syndan, and ealle +te +tas eor+tan
ahw+ar deme+d.
<R 148.12>
Beon ge, h+agestealdas and glade f+amnan, ealde and geonge
ealle +atsamne; herian naman drihtnes mid neodlofe.
<R 148.13>
For+ton his anes nama ofer ealle is ahafen healice h+ale+da
ealra; is upp ahafen his andetness heah ofer myclum heofone
and eor+dan.
<R 148.14>
He horn hefe+d holdes folces, he lofe leohte+d leofe +ta
halgan; wese awa fri+d on Israhela f+alum folce,
and hi for+d heonan on his neaweste neode wunian.
<R 149.1>
Singa+d samheorte sangas drihtne and him neowne sang nu +da
singa+d; wese his herenes on haligra cl+anre cyricean
[{cy+ded{] geneahhe.
<R 149.2>
Israhelas on hine eac blissien, and Sione bearn symble hihtan
swi+dust ealra.
<R 149.3>
Herigen his naman neode on +dreatum, on timpano tidum heria+d
and on psalterio singa+d georne.
<R 149.4>
For+don on his folce is f+agere drihtne wel licendlic, and he
wynlice +tam man+tw+arum syle+d m+are h+alu.
<R 149.5>
+tonne on wuldre gefeo+d wel +ta halgan, beo+d on heora husum
bli+de gedreme.
<R 149.6>
Him on gomum bi+d godes oft gemynd; heo +t+as wislice wynnum
bruca+d, and sweord habba+t swylce on folmum.
<R 149.7>
Mid +ty hi wrecan +tencea+d wra+dum cynnum
<P 150>
and +drea +tearle +teodum eawan.
<R 149.8>
And hio bindan balde +tencea+d cyningas on campum, and
cu+dlice heora +a+delingas don [{on{] isene bendas.
<R 149.9>
+t+at hio dom on him deopne gecy+dan and +t+at mid wuldre
awriten stande: +tis is haligra [{wuldor{] her on
eor+dan.
<R 150.1>
Heria+d on +tam halgum his holdne drihten, heria+d hine on his
m+agenes m+are h+alu.
<R 150.2>
Heria+d hine swylce on his heahmihtum, heria+d hine +after
mode his m+agen+trymmes.
<R 150.3>
Heria+d hine on hleo+dre holdre beman.



<B COPHOENI>
<Q OX/3 XX XX PHOEN>
<N PHOENIX>
<A X>
<C OX/3>
<O X>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  PHOENIX.
THE EXETER BOOK.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, III.
ED. G. P. KRAPP AND E. V. K. DOBBIE.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1936.
PP. 94.1 - 113.677^]

[^A3.4^]
<P 94>
[} [\THE PHOENIX\] }]
<R 1>
H+abbe ic gefrugnen +t+atte is feor heonan eastd+alum on
+a+telast londa, firum gefr+age.
<R 3>
Nis se foldan sceat ofer middangeard mongum gefere
folcagendra, ac he afyrred is +turh meotudes meaht 
manfremmendum.
<R 7>
Wlitig is se wong eall, wynnum geblissad mid +tam f+agrestum
foldan stencum.
<R 9>
+anlic is +t+at iglond, +a+tele se wyrhta, modig, meahtum
spedig, se +ta moldan gesette.
<R 11>
+d+ar bi+d oft open eadgum togeanes onhliden hleo+tra wyn,
heofonrices duru.
<R 13>
+t+at is wynsum wong, wealdas grene, rume under roderum.
<R 14>
Ne m+ag +t+ar ren ne snaw, ne forstes fn+ast, ne fyres bl+ast,
ne h+agles hryre, ne hrimes dryre, ne sunnan 
h+atu, ne sincaldu, ne wearm weder, ne winterscur wihte
gewyrdan, ac se wong seoma+d eadig ond onsund.
<R 20>
Is +t+at +a+tele lond blostmum geblowen.
<R 21>
Beorgas +t+ar ne muntas steape ne stonda+d, ne stanclifu heah
hlifia+d, swa her mid us, ne dene ne dalu
ne dunscrafu, hl+awas ne hlincas, ne +t+ar hleona+d oo
unsme+tes wiht, ac se +a+tela feld wrida+d under wolcnum, 
wynnum geblowen.
<R 28>
Is +t+at torhte lond twelfum herra, folde f+a+dmrimes, swa us
gefreogum gleawe witgan +turh wisdom on gewritum cy+ta+d, 
<P 95>
+tonne +anig +tara beorga +te her beorhte mid
us hea hlifia+d under heofontunglum.
<R 33>
Smylte is se sigewong; sunbearo lixe+d, wuduholt wynlic.
<R 34>
W+astmas ne dreosa+d, beorhte blede, ac +ta beamas a grene
stonda+d, swa him god bibead.
<R 37>
Wintres ond sumeres wudu bi+d gelice bledum gehongen; n+afre
brosnia+d leaf under lyfte, ne him lig sce+te+d 
+afre to ealdre, +ar+ton edwenden worulde geweor+de.
<R 41>
Swa iu w+atres +trym ealne middangeard mereflod +teahte,
eor+tan ymbhwyrft, +ta se +a+tela wong, +aghw+as onsund, 
wi+d y+dfare gehealden stod hreora w+aga, eadig,
unwemme, +turh est godes; bide+d swa geblowen o+d 
b+ales cyme, dryhtnes domes, +tonne dea+dr+aced, h+ale+ta
heolstorcofan, onhliden weor+ta+d.
<R 50>
Nis +t+ar on +tam londe la+dgeni+dla, ne wop ne wracu,
weatacen nan, yldu ne yrm+du ne se enga dea+d, ne lifes 
lyre, ne la+tes cyme, ne synn ne sacu ne sarwracu, ne
w+adle gewin, ne welan onsyn, ne sorg ne sl+ap 
ne swar leger, ne wintergeweorp, ne wedra gebregd, hreoh
under heofonum, ne se hearda forst, caldum 
cylegicelum, cnyse+d +anigne.
<R 60>
+t+ar ne h+agl ne hrim hreosa+d to foldan, ne windig wolcen,
ne +t+ar w+ater fealle+t, lyfte gebysgad, ac +t+ar 
lagustreamas, wundrum wr+atlice, wyllan onspringa+d
f+agrum [{flodwylmum{] .
<R 64>
Foldan lecca+t w+ater wynsumu of +t+as wuda midle; +ta mon+ta
gehwam of +t+are moldan tyrf 
<P 96>
brimcald breca+d,
bearo ealne geondfara+d, +tragum +trymlice.
<R 68>
Is +t+at +teodnes gebod, +t+atte twelf si+tum +t+at tirf+aste
lond geondlace lagufloda wynn.
<R 71>
Sindon +ta bearwas bledum [{gehongne{] , wlitigum w+astmum,
+t+ar no [{wania+d{] o, halge under heofonum, holtes fr+atwe.
<R 74>
Ne fealla+d +t+ar on foldan fealwe blostman, wudubeama wlite,
ac +t+ar wr+atlice on +tam treowum symle telgan 
gehladene, ofett edniwe, in ealle tid on +tam gr+aswonge
grene stonda+t, gehroden hyhtlice haliges
meahtum, beorhtast bearwa.
<R 80>
No gebrocen weor+te+d holt on hiwe, +t+ar se halga stenc
wuna+t geond wynlond; +t+at onwended ne bi+d +afre 
to ealdre, +ar+ton endige frod fyrngeweorc se hit on frym+te
gescop.
<R 85>
+done wudu wearda+t wundrum f+ager fugel fe+trum strong, se is
fenix haten.
<R 87>
+t+ar se anhaga eard bihealde+t, deormod drohta+d; n+afre him
dea+t sce+te+d on +tam willwonge, +tenden woruld stonde+t.
<R 90>
Se sceal +t+are sunnan si+d behealdan ond ongean cuman godes
condelle, gl+adum gimme, georne bewitigan,
hwonne up cyme +a+telast tungla ofer y+dmere estan lixan,
f+ader fyrngeweorc fr+atwum blican, torht tacen godes.
<R 96>
Tungol beo+t ahyded, gewiten under wa+teman westd+alas on,
bideglad on d+agred, ond seo deorce niht won
gewite+d; +tonne wa+tum strong fugel fe+trum wlonc on
firgenstream under lyft, ofer lagu loca+d georne,
hwonne up cyme eastan glidan 
<P 97>
ofer [{sidne{] s+a swegles
leoma.
<R 104>
Swa se +a+tela fugel +at +tam +aspringe wlitigf+ast wuna+d
wyllestreamas, +t+ar se tireadga twelf si+tum hine
biba+ta+d in +tam burnan +ar +t+as beacnes cyme,
sweglcondelle, ond symle swa oft of +tam wilsuman 
wyllgespryngum brimcald beorge+d +at ba+da gehwylcum.
<R 111>
Si+t+tan hine sylfne +after sundplegan heahmod hefe+d on
heanne beam, +tonan y+tast m+ag on eastwegum si+d 
bihealdan, hwonne swegles tapur ofer [{holm+tr+ace{] h+adre
blice, leohtes leoma.
<R 116>
Lond beo+d gefr+atwad, woruld gewlitegad, si+t+tan wuldres gim
ofer geofones gong grund gescine+t geond 
middangeard, m+arost tungla.
<R 120>
Sona swa seo sunne sealte streamas hea oferhlifa+d, swa se
haswa fugel beorht of +t+as bearwes beame gewite+d, 
fare+d fe+trum snell flyhte on lyfte, swinsa+d ond
singe+d swegle [{togeanes{] .
<R 125>
+donne bi+d swa f+ager fugles geb+aru, onbryrded breostsefa,
blissum [{hremig{] ; wrixle+d wo+dcr+afte wundorlicor 
beorhtan reorde, +tonne +afre byre monnes hyrde under
heofonum, si+t+tan heahcyning, wuldres wyrhta, 
woruld sta+telode, heofon ond eor+tan.
<R 131>
Bi+t +t+as hleo+dres sweg eallum songcr+aftum swetra ond
wlitigra ond wynsumra wrenca gehwylcum.
<R 134>
Ne magon +tam breahtme byman ne hornas, ne hearpan hlyn, ne
h+ale+ta stefn +anges on eor+tan, ne organan, 
<P 98>
[{sweghleo+tres{] geswin, ne swanes fe+dre, ne +anig +tara
dreama +te dryhten gescop gumum to gliwe in +tas 
geomran woruld.
<R 140>
Singe+d swa ond swinsa+d s+alum geblissad, o+t+t+at seo sunne
on su+drodor s+aged weor+te+d.
<R 142>
+tonne swia+d he ond hlyst gefe+d, heafde onbrygde+d, +trist,
+tonces gleaw, ond +triwa asc+ace+d fe+tre flyhthwate; 
fugol bi+d geswiged.
<R 146>
Symle he twelf si+tum tida gemearca+d d+ages ond nihtes.
<R 147>
Swa gedemed is bearwes [{bigengan{] , +t+at he +t+ar brucan mot
wonges mid willum, ond welan neotan, lifes 
ond lissa, londes fr+atwa, o+t+t+at he +tusende +tisses lifes,
wudubearwes weard, wintra gebide+t.
<R 153>
+donne bi+d gehefgad haswigfe+dra, gomol, gearum frod,
[{grene{] eor+dan aflyh+d, fugla [{wyn{] , foldan geblowene, 
ond +tonne gesece+d side rice middangeardes, +t+ar no men
buga+d eard ond e+tel.
<R 158>
+t+ar he ealdordom onfeh+d foremihtig ofer fugla cynn,
ge+tungen on +teode, ond +trage mid him westen wearda+d.
<R 161>
+tonne wa+tum strong west gewite+d wintrum gebysgad fleogan
fe+trum snel.
<R 163>
Fuglas +tringa+d utan ymbe +a+telne; +aghwylc wille wesan
+tegn ond +teow +teodne m+arum, o+t+t+at hy geseca+d syrwara 
lond cor+dra m+aste.
<R 167>
Him se cl+ana +t+ar o+dscufe+d scearplice, +t+at he in scade
wearda+d, on wudubearwe, weste stowe, biholene
ond bihydde h+ale+ta monegum.
<P 99>
<R 171>
+d+ar he heanne beam on holtwuda wuna+d ond wearda+d, wyrtum
f+astne under [{heofunhrofe{] , +tone hata+d men Fenix 
on foldan, of +t+as fugles noman.
<R 175>
Hafa+d +tam treowe forgiefen tirmeahtig cyning, meotud
moncynnes, mine gefr+age, +t+at se ana is ealra beama 
on eor+dwege upl+adendra beorhtast geblowen; ne m+ag him
bitres wiht scyldum sce+d+dan, ac gescylded 
a wuna+d ungewyrded, +tenden woruld stonde+d.
<R 182>
+donne wind lige+d, weder bi+d f+ager, hluttor heofones gim
halig scine+d, beo+d wolcen towegen, w+atra +try+te 
stille stonda+d, bi+t storma gehwylc aswefed under
swegle, su+tan blice+d wedercondel wearm, weorodum 
lyhte+d, +donne on +tam telgum timbran onginne+d, nest
gearwian.
<R 189>
Bi+d him neod micel +t+at he +ta yldu ofestum mote +turh
gewittes wylm wendan to life, feorg geong onfon.
<R 192>
+tonne feor ond neah +ta swetestan somna+d ond g+adra+d wyrta
wynsume ond wudubleda to +tam eardstede, +a+telstenca 
gehwone, wyrta wynsumra, +te wuldorcyning, f+ader
frym+da gehw+as, ofer foldan gescop to indryhtum 
+alda cynne, swetes under swegle.
<R 199>
+t+ar he sylf biere+d in +t+at treow innan torhte fr+atwe;
+t+ar se wilda fugel in +tam westenne ofer heanne
beam hus getimbre+d, wlitig ond wynsum, ond gewica+d +t+ar
sylf in +tam solere, ond ymbsete+d utan in +tam 
leafsceade lic ond fe+tre 
<P 100>
on healfa gehware halgum stencum
ond +tam +a+telestum eor+tan bledum.
<R 208>
Site+d si+tes fus.
+tonne swegles gim on sumeres tid, sunne hatost, ofer sceadu
scine+d ond gesceapu dreoge+d, woruld geondwlite+d, 
+tonne weor+de+d his hus onh+ated +turh hador
swegl.
<R 213>
Wyrta wearmia+d, willsele styme+d swetum sw+accum, +tonne on
swole byrne+d +turh fyres feng fugel mid neste.
<R 216>
B+al bi+d on+aled.
+tonne brond +tece+d [{heorodreorges{] hus, hreoh onette+d,
fealo lig feorma+d ond fenix byrne+d, fyrngearum
frod.
<R 219>
+tonne fyr +tige+d l+anne lichoman; lif bi+d on si+de, f+ages
feorhhord, +tonne fl+asc ond ban adleg +ale+d.
<R 222>
Hw+a+tre him eft cyme+d +after fyrstmearce feorh edniwe,
si+t+tan +ta yslan eft onginna+d +after lig+tr+ace lucan 
tog+adre, geclungne to cleowenne.
<R 226>
+tonne cl+ane bi+d beorhtast nesta, b+ale forgrunden
hea+torofes hof; hra bi+d acolad, banf+at gebrocen, ond 
se bryne swe+tra+d.
<R 230>
+tonne of +tam ade +aples gelicnes on +t+are ascan bi+d eft
gemeted, of +tam weaxe+d wyrm, wundrum f+ager, swylce 
he of +agerum ut al+ade, scir of scylle.
<R 234>
+tonne on sceade weaxe+d, +t+at he +arest bi+d swylce earnes
brid, f+ager fugeltimber; +donne fur+tor gin wrida+d 
on wynnum, +t+at he bi+d w+astmum gelic ealdum earne,
and +after +ton fe+trum gefr+atwad, swylc he +at 
frym+de w+as, beorht geblowen.
<R 240>
+tonne br+ad weor+te+d eal edniwe eft acenned, 
<P 101>
synnum
asundrad, sumes onlice swa mon to ondleofne eor+dan 
[{w+astmas{] on h+arfeste ham gel+ade+d, wiste wynsume, +ar
wintres cyme, on rypes timan, +ty l+as hi renes
scur awyrde under wolcnum.
<R 247>
+t+ar hi wra+de meta+d, fodor+tege [{gefean{] , +tonne forst
ond snaw mid oferm+agne eor+tan +tecca+d wintergew+adum.
<R 250>
Of +tam w+astmum sceal eorla [{eadwela{] eft al+adan +turh
cornes gecynd, +te +ar cl+ane bi+d s+ad onsawen.
<R 253>
+tonne sunnan gl+am on lenctenne, lifes tacen, wece+d
woruldgestreon, +t+at +ta w+astmas beo+d +turh agne gecynd 
eft acende, foldan fr+atwe.
<R 257>
Swa se fugel weor+te+d, gomel +after gearum, geong edniwe,
fl+asce bifongen.
<R 259>
No he foddor +tige+d, mete on moldan, nemne meledeawes d+al
gebyrge, se dreose+d oft +at middre nihte; bi 
+ton se modga his feorh afede+d, o+t+t+at fyrngesetu, agenne
eard, eft gesece+d.
<R 265>
+tonne bi+d aweaxen wyrtum in gemonge fugel fe+trum deal.
<R 266>
feorh bi+d niwe, geong, geofona ful, +tonne he of greote his
lic leo+tucr+aftig, +t+at +ar lig fornom, somna+d, 
swoles lafe, searwum geg+adra+d ban gebrosnad, +after
b+al+tr+ace, ond +tonne gebringe+d ban ond yslan, 
ades lafe, eft +atsomne, ond +tonne +t+at w+alreaf wyrtum
bitelde+d, f+agre gefr+atwed.
<R 274>
+donne afysed bi+d agenne eard eft to secan.
<R 276>
+tonne fotum ymbfeh+d fyres lafe, clam biclyppe+d, ond his
cy+t+tu eft, 
<P 102>
sunbeorht gesetu, sece+d on wynnum, 
eadig e+tellond.
<R 279>
Eall bi+d geniwad feorh ond fe+terhoma, swa he +at frym+te
w+as, +ta hine +arest god on +tone +a+telan wong sigorf+ast 
sette.
<R 282>
He his sylfes +t+ar ban gebringe+d, +ta +ar brondes wylm on
beorhstede b+ale for+tylmde, ascan to eacan.
<R 285>
+tonne eal geador bebyrge+d beaducr+aftig ban ond yslan on
+tam ealonde.
<R 287>
Bi+d him edniwe +t+are sunnan [{segn{] , +tonne swegles leoht,
gimma gladost, ofer garsecg up, +a+teltungla wyn, 
eastan lixe+d.
<R 291>
Is se fugel f+ager forweard hiwe, bleobrygdum fag ymb +ta
breost foran.
<R 293>
Is him +t+at heafod hindan grene, wr+atlice [{wrixled{] wurman
geblonden.
<R 295>
+tonne is se finta f+agre ged+aled, sum brun, sum basu, sum
blacum splottum searolice beseted.
<R 297>
Sindon +ta fi+tru hwit hindanweard, ond se hals grene
nio+toweard ond ufeweard, ond +t+at nebb lixe+d swa
gl+as o+t+te gim, geaflas scyne innan ond utan.
<R 301>
Is seo eaggebyrd stearc ond hiwe stane gelicast, gladum gimme,
+tonne in goldfate smi+ta or+toncum biseted weor+te+d.
<R 305>
Is ymb +tone sweoran, swylce sunnan hring, beaga beorhtast
[{brogden{] fe+drum.
<R 307>
Wr+atlic is seo womb neo+tan, wundrum f+ager, scir ond scyne.
<R 308>
Is se scyld ufan fr+atwum gefeged ofer +t+as fugles b+ac.
<R 310>
Sindon +ta scancan scyllum biweaxen, fealwe fotas.
<R 311>
Se fugel is on hiwe +aghw+as +anlic, onlicost pean, wynnum
geweaxen, +t+as gewritu secga+d.
<P 103>
<R 314>
Nis he hinderweard, ne hygeg+alsa, swar ne swongor, swa sume
fuglas, +ta +te late +turh lyft laca+d fi+trum, 
ac he is snel ond swift ond swi+te leoht, wlitig ond
wynsum, wuldre gemearcad.
<R 319>
Ece is se +a+teling se +te him +t+at ead gefe+d.
<R 320>
+tonne he gewite+d wongas secan, his ealdne eard, of +tisse
e+teltyrf.
<R 322>
Swa se fugel fleoge+d, folcum o+deawe+d mongum monna geond
middangeard, +tonne [{somnia+d{] su+tan ond nor+tan, 
eastan ond westan, eoredciestum, fara+d feorran ond nean
folca +try+tum +t+ar hi sceawia+t scyppendes 
giefe f+agre on +tam fugle, swa him +at fruman sette sigora
so+dcyning sellicran gecynd, fr+atwe [{f+agerran{] 
ofer fugla cyn.
<R 331>
+donne wundria+d weras ofer eor+tan wlite ond w+astma, ond
[{gewritum{] cy+ta+d, mundum mearcia+d on [{marmstane{] 
hwonne se d+ag ond seo tid dryhtum geeawe fr+atwe
flyhthwates.
<R 335>
+donne fugla cynn on healfa [{gehwone{] heapum +tringa+d,
siga+d sidwegum, songe lofia+d, m+ara+d modigne meaglum 
reordum, ond swa +tone halgan hringe betelda+d flyhte on
lyfte; fenix bi+t on middum, +treatum bi+trungen.
<R 341>
+teoda wlita+d, wundrum [{wafia+d{] , hu seo wilgedryht wildne
weor+tia+d, worn +after o+trum, cr+aftum cy+ta+d ond 
for cyning m+ara+d leofne leodfruman, l+ada+d mid wynnum
+a+telne to earde, o+t+t+at se anhoga o+dfleoge+d,
fe+trum snel, +t+at him gefylgan ne m+ag 
<P 104>
drymendra gedryht,
+tonne dugu+da wyn of +tisse eor+tan tyrf e+tel
sece+d.
<R 350>
Swa se ges+aliga +after swylthwile his ealdcy+d+te eft
geneosa+d, f+agre foldan.
<R 352>
Fugelas cyrra+d from +tam gu+dfrecan geomormode eft to earde.
<R 354>
+tonne se +a+teling bi+d giong in geardum.
<R 355>
God ana wat, cyning +almihtig, hu his gecynde bi+d, wifhades
+te weres; +t+at ne wat +anig monna cynnes, 
butan meotod ana, hu +ta wisan sind wundorlice, f+ager
fyrngesceap, ymb +t+as fugles gebyrd.
<R 361>
+t+ar se eadga mot eardes neotan, wyllestreama wuduholtum in,
wunian in wonge, o+t+t+at wintra bi+d +tusend urnen.
<R 364>
+tonne him weor+te+d ende lifes; hine ad +tece+d +turh
+aledfyr.
<R 366>
Hw+a+tre eft cyme+d aweaht wr+atlice wundrum to life.
<R 368>
For+ton he drusende dea+d ne bisorga+d, sare swyltcwale, +te
him symle wat +after lig+tr+ace lif edniwe, feorh 
+after [{fylle{] , +tonne fromlice +turh briddes had
gebreadad weor+de+d eft of ascan, edgeong wese+d under 
swegles hleo.
<R 374>
Bi+d him self gehw+a+der sunu ond sw+as f+ader, ond symle eac
eft yrfeweard ealdre lafe.
<R 377>
Forgeaf him se meahta moncynnes fruma +t+at he swa wr+atlice
weor+tan sceolde eft +t+at ilce +t+at he +ar +ton 
w+as, fe+trum bifongen, +teah hine fyr nime.
<R 381>
Swa +t+at ece lif eadigra gehwylc +after sarwr+ace sylf
geceose+d +turh deorcne dea+d, +t+at he dryhtnes mot
<P 105>
+after geardagum geofona neotan on sindreamum, ond si+t+tan a
wunian in [{wuldre{] weorca to leane.
<R 387>
+tisses fugles gecynd fela gelices bi +tam gecornum Cristes
+tegnum beacna+d in burgum, hu hi beorhtne 
gefean +turh f+ader fultum on +tas frecnan tid healda+t under
heofonum, ond him heanne bl+ad in +tam uplican 
e+dle gestryna+t.
<R 393>
Habba+t we geascad +t+at se +almihtiga worhte wer ond wif
+turh his wundra sped, ond hi +ta gesette on +tone 
selestan foldan [{sceata{] , +tone fira bearn nemna+d
neorxnawong, +t+ar him n+anges w+as eades onsyn, +tenden 
eces word, halges hleo+torcwide, healdan woldan on +tam
niwan gefean.
<R 400>
+t+ar him ni+t gescod, ealdfeondes +afest, se him +at gebead,
beames blede, +t+at hi bu +tegun +appel unr+adum 
ofer est godes, byrgdon forbodene.
<R 404>
+t+ar him bitter wear+d yrm+tu +after +ate ond hyra eaferum
swa, sarlic symbel sunum ond dohtrum.
<R 407>
[{Wurdon{] teonlice to+tas idge ageald +after gylte.
<R 408>
H+afdon godes yrre, bittre bealosorge.
<R 409>
+t+as +ta byre si+t+tan gyrne onguldon, +te hi +t+at gyfl
+tegun ofer eces word.
<R 411>
For+ton hy e+dles wyn geomormode ofgiefan sceoldon +turh
n+adran ni+t, +ta heo nearwe biswac yldran usse 
in +ardagum +turh f+acne fer+d, +t+at hi feor +tonan in +tas
dea+ddene drohta+d sohton, sorgfulran gesetu.
<R 417>
Him wear+d selle lif heolstre bihyded, ond se halga wong +turh
feondes searo f+aste bityned 
<P 106>
wintra mengu, o+t+t+at wuldorcyning +turh his hidercyme halgum
[{togeanes{] , moncynnes gefea, me+tra frefrend, ond se
anga hyht, eft ontynde.
<R 424>
Is +ton gelicast, +t+as +te us leorneras [{wordum{] secga+d,
ond writu cy+ta+d, +tisses fugles gef+ar, +tonne frod 
ofgiefe+d eard ond e+tel, ond geealdad bi+d.
<R 428>
Gewite+d werigmod, wintrum gebysgad, +t+ar he holtes hleo heah
gemete+d, in +tam he getimbre+d tanum ond 
wyrtum +tam +a+telestum eardwic niwe, nest on bearwe.
<R 432>
Bi+d him neod micel +t+at he feorhgeong eft onfon mote +turh
liges bl+ast lif +after dea+te, edgeong wesan, 
ond his ealdcy+d+tu, sunbeorht gesetu, secan mote +after
fyrba+de.
<R 437>
Swa +da foregengan, yldran usse, anforleton +tone wlitigan
wong ond wuldres setl, leoflic on laste, tugon 
longne si+d in hearmra hond, +t+ar him hettende, earme
agl+acan, oft gescodan.
<R 443>
W+aron hw+a+tre monge, +ta +te meotude [{wel{] gehyrdun under
heofonum halgum +deawum, d+adum domlicum, +t+at him 
dryhten wear+d, heofona heahcyning, hold on mode.
<R 447>
+d+at is se hea beam in +tam halge nu wic weardia+d, +t+ar him
wihte ne m+ag ealdfeonda nan atre sce+t+tan, 
facnes tacne, on [{+tas{] frecnan tid.
<R 451>
+t+ar him nest wyrce+d wi+d ni+ta gehwam d+adum domlicum
dryhtnes cempa, +tonne he +almessan earmum d+ale+d, 
duge+ta leasum, ond him dryhten gecyg+d, f+ader on fultum,
for+d onette+d, 
<P 107>
l+anan lifes leahtras dw+asce+t,
mirce mand+ade, healde+d meotudes +a beald in breostum, ond
gebedu sece+d cl+anum gehygdum, ond his cneo 
bige+d +a+tele to eor+tan, flyh+d yfla gehwylc, grimme
gieltas, for godes egsan, gl+admod gyrne+d +t+at he
godra m+ast d+ada gefremme.
<R 463>
+tam bi+t dryhten scyld in si+ta gehwane, sigora waldend,
weoruda wilgiefa.
<R 465>
+tis +ta wyrta sind, w+astma blede, +ta se wilda fugel somna+d
under swegle side ond wide to his wicstowe, 
+t+ar he wundrum f+ast wi+d ni+ta gehwam nest gewyrce+d.
<R 470>
Swa nu in +tam wicum willan fremma+d mode ond m+agne meotudes
cempan, m+ar+da tilga+d; +t+as him meorde wile 
ece +almihtig eadge forgildan.
<R 474>
Beo+d him of +tam wyrtum wic gesta+telad in wuldres byrig
weorca to leane, +t+as +te hi geheoldan halge lare 
hate +at [{heortan{] , hige weallende d+ages ond nihtes
dryhten lufia+d, leohte geleafan leofne ceosa+d
ofer woruldwelan; ne bi+t him wynne hyht +t+at hy +tis l+ane
lif long gewunien.
<R 482>
+tus eadig eorl ecan dreames, heofona hames mid heahcyning
earna+d on elne, o+t+t+at ende cyme+d dogorrimes, 
+tonne dea+d nime+d, wiga w+algifre, w+apnum ge+try+ted,
ealdor anra gehw+as, ond in eor+tan f+a+dm snude 
[{sende+d{] sawlum binumene l+ane lichoman, +t+ar hi longe
beo+d o+d fyres cyme foldan bi+teahte.
<R 491>
+donne monge beo+d on gemot [{l+aded{] 
<P 108>
fyra cynnes; wile
f+ader engla, sigora so+dcyning, seono+t gehegan, dugu+da 
dryhten, deman mid ryhte.
<R 495>
+tonne +ariste ealle gefremma+t men on moldan, swa se mihtiga
cyning beode+d, brego engla, byman stefne
ofer sidne grund, sawla nergend.
<R 499>
Bi+d se deorca dea+d dryhtnes meahtum eadgum geendad.
<R 500>
+a+dele hweorfa+d, +treatum +tringa+d, +tonne +teos woruld,
scyldwyrcende, in scome byrne+d, ade on+aled.
<R 503>
Weor+te+d anra gehwylc forht on fer+t+te, +tonne fyr brice+d
l+ane londwelan, lig eal +tige+d eor+dan +ahtgestreon, 
+applede gold gifre forgripe+d, gr+adig swelge+d londes
fr+atwe.
<R 508>
+tonne on leoht cyme+d +aldum +tisses in +ta openan tid f+ager
ond gefealic fugles tacen, +tonne anwald eal 
up [{astelle+d{] of byrgenum, ban geg+adra+d, leomu lic
somod, ond [{lifes{] g+ast, fore Cristes cneo.
<R 514>
Cyning +trymlice of his heahsetle halgum scine+d, wlitig
wuldres gim.
<R 516>
Wel bi+t +tam +te mot in +ta geomran tid gode lician.
<R 518>
+d+ar +ta lichoman, leahtra cl+ane, gonga+d gl+admode, g+astas
hweorfa+d in banfatu, +tonne bryne stige+d heah to heofonum.
<R 521>
Hat bi+d monegum egeslic +aled, +tonne anra gehwylc, so+df+ast
ge synnig, sawel mid lice, from moldgrafum 
sece+d meotudes dom, forhtaf+ared.
<R 525>
Fyr bi+d on tihte, +ale+d uncyste.
<R 526>
+t+ar +ta eadgan beo+d 
<P 109>
+after wr+achwile weorcum bifongen,
agnum d+adum.
<R 528>
+t+at +ta +a+telan sind wyrta wynsume, mid +tam se wilda fugel
his sylfes nest bisete+d utan, +t+at hit f+aringa 
fyre byrne+d, forswele+d under sunnan, ond he sylfa mid,
ond +tonne +after lige lif eft onfeh+d edniwinga.
<R 534>
Swa bi+d anra gehwylc fl+asce bifongen fira cynnes, +anlic ond
edgeong, se +te his agnum her willum gewyrce+d 
+t+at him wuldorcyning meahtig +at +tam m+a+tle milde
geweor+te+d.
<R 539>
+tonne hleo+tria+d halge g+astas, sawla so+df+aste, song
ahebba+d, cl+ane ond gecorene, herga+d cyninges +trym, 
stefn +after stefne, stiga+d to wuldre wlitige gewyrtad mid
hyra weld+adum.
<R 544>
Beo+d +tonne amerede monna g+astas, beorhte abywde +turh bryne
fyres.
<R 546>
Ne wene +t+as +anig +alda cynnes +t+at ic lygewordum leo+d
somnige, write wo+dcr+afte.
<R 548>
Gehyra+d witedom Iobes gieddinga.
<R 549>
+turh g+astes bl+ad breostum onbryrded, beald reordade, wuldre
geweor+dad.
<R 551>
he +t+at word gecw+a+d: Ic +t+at ne forhycge heortan
ge+toncum, +t+at ic in minum neste neobed ceose, h+ale 
hrawerig, gewite hean +tonan on longne si+d, lame bitolden,
geomor gud+ada, in greotes f+a+dm, ond +tonne 
+after dea+te +turh dryhtnes giefe swa se fugel fenix feorh
edniwe +after +ariste agan mote, dreamas mid
dryhten, +t+ar seo deore scolu leofne lofia+d.
<R 561>
Ic +t+as lifes ne m+ag +afre to ealdre ende gebidan, leohtes
ond lissa.
<R 562>
+teah min lic scyle on mold+arne molsnad weor+tan 
<P 110>
wyrmum to
willan, swa +teah weoruda god +after swylthwile 
sawle alyse+d ond in wuldor awece+d.
<R 567>
Me +t+as wen n+afre forbirste+d in breostum, +de ic in brego
engla for+dweardne gefean f+aste h+abbe.
<R 570>
+dus frod guma on fyrndagum gieddade gleawmod, godes spelboda,
ymb his +ariste in ece lif, +t+at we +ty 
geornor ongietan meahten tirf+ast tacen +t+at se torhta fugel
+turh bryne beacna+d.
<R 575>
Bana lafe, ascan ond yslan, ealle gesomna+d +after ligbryne,
l+ade+t si+t+tan fugel on fotum to frean geardum, 
sunnan togeanes.
<R 579>
+t+ar hi si+t+tan for+d wunia+d wintra fela, w+astmum geniwad,
ealles edgiong, +t+ar +anig ne m+ag in +tam leodscype 
l+a+t+tum hwopan.
<R 583>
Swa nu +after dea+de +turh dryhtnes miht somod si+tia+t sawla
mid lice, f+agre gefr+atwed, fugle gelicast,
in eadwelum +a+telum stencum, +t+ar seo so+tf+aste sunne
lihte+d wlitig ofer weoredum in wuldres byrig.
<R 589>
+donne so+df+astum sawlum scine+d heah ofer hrofas h+alende
Crist.
<R 591>
Him folgia+d fuglas scyne, beorhte gebredade, blissum hremige,
in +tam gladan ham, g+astas gecorene, ece to ealdre.
<R 594>
+t+ar him yfle ne m+ag fah feond gemah facne sce+t+tan, ac
+t+ar lifga+d a leohte werede, swa se fugel fenix, 
in freo+tu dryhtnes, wlitige in wuldre.
<R 598>
Weorc anra gehw+as beorhte blice+d in +tam [{bli+tan{] ham
fore onsyne ecan dryhtnes, 
<P 111>
symle in sibbe, sunnan gelice.
<R 602>
+t+ar se beorhta beag, brogden wundrum eorcnanstanum, eadigra
gehwam hlifa+d ofer heafde.
<R 604>
Heafelan lixa+d, +trymme bi+teahte.
<R 605>
+deodnes cynegold so+df+astra gehwone sellic glenge+d leohte
in life, +t+ar se longa gefea, ece ond edgeong, 
+afre ne swe+tra+d, ac hy in wlite wunia+d, wuldre
bitolden f+agrum fr+atwum, mid f+ader engla.
<R 611>
Ne bi+d him on +tam wicum wiht to sorge, wroht ne we+tel ne
gewindagas, hungor se hata ne se [{hearda{] +turst, 
yrm+tu ne yldo.
<R 614>
Him se +a+tela cyning forgife+d goda gehwylc.
<R 615>
+t+ar g+asta gedryht h+alend herga+d ond heofoncyninges meahte
m+arsia+d, singa+d metude lof.
<R 618>
Swinsa+d sibgedryht swega m+aste h+adre ymb +t+at halge
heahseld godes, bli+te bletsia+d bregu selestan eadge 
mid englum, efenhleo+tre +tus: Sib si +te, so+d god, ond
snyttrucr+aft, ond +te +tonc sy +trymsittendum
geongra gyfena, goda gehwylces.
<R 625>
Micel, unm+ate m+agnes [{streng+du{] , heah ond halig.
<R 626>
Heofonas sindon f+agre gefylled, f+ader +almihtig, ealra
+trymma +trym, +tines wuldres, uppe mid englum ond 
on eor+dan somod.
<R 630>
Gefreo+ta usic, frym+ta scyppend.
+tu eart f+ader +almihtig in heannesse, heofuna waldend.
<R 632>
+dus reordia+d ryhtfremmende, manes amerede, in +t+are m+aran
byrig; cyne+trym cy+ta+d, caseres lof [{singa+d{]
on swegle so+df+astra gedryht, +tam anum is ece weor+dmynd
<P 112>
for+d butan ende.
<R 637>
N+as his frym+d +afre, eades ongyn.
<R 638>
+teah he on eor+tan her +turh cildes had cenned w+are in
middangeard, hw+a+tre his meahta sped heah ofer 
heofonum halig wunade, dom unbryce.
<R 642>
+teah he dea+tes cwealm on rode treow r+afnan sceolde,
+tearlic wite, he +ty +triddan d+age +after lices hryre 
lif eft onfeng +turh f+ader fultum.
<R 646>
Swa fenix beacna+d, geong in geardum, godbearnes meaht, +tonne
he of ascan eft [{onw+acne+d{] in lifes lif, leomum ge+tungen.
<R 650>
Swa se h+alend us [{helpe{] gefremede +turh his lices gedal,
lif butan ende, swa se fugel swetum his fi+tru 
tu ond wynsumum wyrtum gefylle+d, f+agrum foldw+astmum,
+tonne afysed bi+d.
<R 655>
+t+at sindon +ta word, swa us gewritu secga+d, hleo+tor
haligra, +te him to heofonum bi+d, to +tam mildan gode, 
mod afysed in dreama dream, +t+ar hi dryhtne to giefe
worda ond weorca wynsumne stenc in +ta m+aran 
gesceaft meotude bringa+d, in +t+at leohte lif.
<R 661>
Sy him lof symle +turh woruld worulda, ond wuldres bl+ad, ar
ond onwald, in +tam uplican rodera rice.
<R 664>
He is on ryht cyning middangeardes ond m+agen+trymmes, wuldre
biwunden in +t+are wlitigan byrig.
<R 667>
Hafa+d us alyfed (\lucis auctor\)
+t+at we motun her (\merueri\) ,
godd+adum begietan (\gaudia in celo\) ,
+t+ar we [{motun{] (\maxima regna\)
secan ond gesittan (\sedibus altis\) ,
lifgan in lisse (\lucis et pacis\) ,
<P 113>
agan eardinga [{ (\almae letiti+e\) {] , 
brucan bl+addaga, (\blandem et [{mitem{] \)
geseon sigora frean (\sine fine\) ,
ond him lof singan (\laude perenne\) ,
eadge mid englum.
<R 677>
Alleluia.



<B COMETBOE>
<Q O2/3 XX XX MBO>
<N METERS OF BOETHIUS>
<A ALFRED>
<C O2/3>
<O 850-950>
<M 950-1050>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE METERS OF BOETHIUS.
THE PARIS PSALTER AND THE METERS OF BOETHIUS.
THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, V.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LIMITED
AND NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1933.
PP. 158.1 - 159.46 (5)
PP. 160.1 - 173.80 (7-13)
PP. 176.1 - 177.47 (19)
PP. 185.1 - 186.44 (21)
PP. 188.1 - 192.72 (24-25)
PP. 197.1 - 202.96 (28-29)^]  

[^A6^]
<P 158>
[} [\THE METERS OF BOETHIUS\] }]
<R 5.1>
+du meaht be +d+are sunnan sweotole ge+tencean and be
+aghwelcum o+drum steorran +tara +te +after burgum
[{beorhtost{] scine+d.
<R 5.4>
Gif him wan fore wolcen hanga+d, ne m+agen hi swa leohtne
leoman ansendan, +ar se +ticca mist +tynra weor+de.
<R 5.7>
Swa oft smylte s+a su+derne wind gr+age glashlutre grimme
gedrefe+d, +tonne hie gemenga+d micla ysta,
onhrera+d hronmere; hrioh bi+d +tonne seo +te +ar gladu
onsiene w+as.
<R 5.12>
Swa oft +aspringe ut awealle+d of clife harum col and hlutor,
and gereclice rihte flowe+d, irne+d wi+d his eardes,
o+d him on innan fel+d muntes m+agenstan, and him
on middan gelige+d, atrendlod of +d+am torre.
<R 5.17>
He on tu si+d+dan tosceaden wyr+d, scir bi+d gedrefed, burna
geblonden, broc bi+d onwended of his rihtryne, ry+dum toflowen.
<R 5.21>
Swa nu +ta +tiostro +tinre heortan
<P 159>
willa+d minre leohtan lare wi+dstondan and +din modge+tonc
miclum gedrefan.
<R 5.24>
Ac gif +du nu wilnast, +t+at +du wel m+age, +t+at so+de leoht
sweotole oncnawan, leohte geleafan, +du forl+atan scealt
idle ofers+al+da, unnytne gefean.
<R 5.28>
+tu scealt eac yfelne ege an forl+atan, woruldearfo+da, ne
most +du wesan for +d+am ealles to ormod, ne +du +de +afre
ne l+at wlenca gew+acan, +te l+as +tu weor+de for
him mid ofermettum eft gescended, and to up ahafen for
orsorgum woruldges+al+dum, ne eft to waclice geortreowe
+aniges godes, +tonne +te for worulde wi+derwearda m+as+d
+tinga +treage and +tu +de selfum swi+dost onsitte.
<R 5.38>
For+d+am simle bi+d se modsefa miclum gebunden mid
gedrefnesse, gif hine dreccean mot +tissa yfla hw+a+der,
innan swencan.
<R 5.42>
For+d+am +ta twegen tregan teo+d tosomne wi+d +t+at mod foran
mistes dwoleman, +t+at hit seo ece ne mot innan geondscinan
sunne for +d+am sweartum mistum, +ar+d+am hi geswi+drad
weor+den.

<P 160>
<R 7.1>
+da ongon se wisdom his gewunan fylgan, gliowordum gol, gyd
+after spelle, song so+dcwida sumne +ta geta, cw+a+d
+t+at he ne herde +t+at on heane munt monna +anig
meahte asettan healle hroff+aste.
<R 7.6>
Ne +tearf eac h+ale+da nan wenan +t+as weorces, +t+at he
wisdom m+age wi+d ofermetta +afre gemengan.
<R 7.9>
Herdes +tu +afre +t+atte +anig mon on sondbeorgas settan
meahte f+aste healle?
<R 7.11>
Ne m+ag eac fira nan wisdom timbran +t+ar +d+ar woruldgitsung
beorg oferbr+ade+d.
<R 7.13>
Baru sond willa+d ren forswelgan; swa de+d ricra nu grundleas
gitsung gilpes and +ahta, gedrince+d to dryggum dreosendne
welan, and +teah +t+as +tearfan ne bi+d +turst aceled.
<R 7.18>
Ne m+ag h+ale+ta gehw+am hus on munte lange gel+astan,
for+d+am him lungre on swift wind swape+d.
<R 7.20>
Ne bi+d sond +ton ma wi+d micelne ren manna +angum huses
hirde, ac hit hreosan wile, sigan sond +after rene.
<R 7.23>
Swa bio+d anra gehw+as monna modsefan miclum awegede, of hiora
stede styrede, +tonne hi strong drece+d
wind under wolcnum woruldearfo+da, o+t+te [{hi{] eft se re+da
ren onhrere+d
<P 161>
sumes ymbhogan, ungemet gemen.
<R 7.29>
Ac se +de +ta ecan agan wille so+dan ges+al+da, he sceal
swi+de flion +disse worulde wlite, wyrce him si+d+dan
his modes hus, +t+ar he m+age findan ea+dmetta stan unigmet
f+astne, grundweal gearone; se toglidan ne +tearf,
+teah hit wecge wind woruldearfo+da o+d+de ymbhogena
ormete ren, for+t+am on +t+are dene drihten selfa
+tara eadmetta eardf+ast wuniga+d, +t+ar se wisdom a
wuna+d on gemyndum.
<R 7.40>
For+don orsorg lif ealnig l+ada+d woruldmen wise buton
wendige.
<R 7.42>
+tonne he eall forsih+d eor+dlicu good, and eac +tara yfela
orsorh wuna+d, hopa+d to +t+am ecum +te +t+ar +after cuma+d,
hine +tonne +aghwonan +almihtig good singallice
simle gehealde+d anwunigendne his agenum modes
ges+al+dum +turh metodes gife, +teah hine se wind
woruldearfo+da swi+de swence, and hine singale gemen g+ale,
+tonne him grimme on worulds+al+da wind wra+de blawe+d,
+teah +te hine ealneg se ymbhoga +dyssa worulds+al+da
wra+de drecce.
<R 8.1>
Sona swa se wisdom +tas word h+afde swetole areahte, he +ta
si+d+dan ongan singan so+dcwidas, and +tus selfa cw+a+d:
Hw+at, sio forme eld foldbuendum geond eor+dan sceat
+aghwam dohte, +ta +ta anra gehw+am on eor+dw+astmum genoh
+duhte.
<R 8.7>
Nis hit nu +da swelc.
<R 8.8>
N+aron +ta geond weorulde welige hamas,
<P 162>
ne mislice mettas ne drincas, ne hi +tara hr+agla huru
ne gemdon +te nu drihtguman diorost l+ata+d.
<R 8.12>
For+d+am hiora n+anig n+as +ta gieta, ne hi ne gesawon
sundbuende, ne ymbutan hi awer ne herdon.
<R 8.15>
Hw+at, hi firenlusta frece ne w+aron, buton swa hi meahton
gemetlicost +da gecynd began +te him Crist gesceop,
and hi +ane on d+age +aton symle on +afentid eor+dan
w+astmas, wudes and wyrta, nalles win druncon scir of steape.
<R 8.21>
N+as +ta scealca nan +te mete o+d+de drinc m+angan cu+de,
w+ater wi+d hunige, ne heora w+ada +ton ma sioloce siowian,
ne hi siarocr+aftum godweb giredon, ne hi gimreced
setton searolice, ac hi simle him eallum
tidum ute slepon under beamsceade, druncon burnan w+ater,
calde wyllan.
<R 8.29>
N+anig cepa ne seah ofer eargeblond ellendne wearod, ne huru
ymbe sciphergas [{scealcas{] ne herdon, ne
fur+dum fira nan ymb gefeoht sprecan.
<R 8.33>
N+as +deos eor+de besmiten awer +ta geta beornes blode +te
hine bill rude, ne fur+dum wundne wer weoruldbuende gesawan
under sunnan.
<R 8.36>
N+anig si+d+dan w+as weor+d on weorulde, gif mon his willan
ongeat yfelne mid eldum; he w+as +aghw+am la+d.
<R 8.39>
Eala, +t+ar hit wurde o+d+de wolde god +t+at on eor+dan nu
ussa tida geond +tas widan weoruld w+aren +aghw+as
swelce under sunnan.
<R 8.42>
Ac hit is s+amre nu, +t+at +deos gitsunc hafa+d gumena
gehwelces mod amerred, +t+at he maran ne rec+d,
<P 163>
ac hit on witte weallende byrn+d.
<R 8.46>
Efne sio gitsung +te n+anne grund hafa+d swearte sw+afe+d
sumes onlice efne +tam munte +te nu monna bearn
Etne hata+d.
<R 8.49>
Se on iglonde Sicilia swefle byrne+d, +t+at mon helle fyr
hate+d wide, for+t+am hit symle bi+d sinbyrnende,
and ymbutan hit o+dra stowa blate forb+arn+d biteran lege.
<R 8.55>
Eala, hw+at se forma feohgitsere w+are on worulde, se +tas
wongstedas grof +after golde and +after gimcynnum.
<R 8.58>
Hw+at, he frecnu gestreon funde m+anegum bewrigen on weorulde,
w+atere o+d+de eor+dan.
<R 9.1>
Hw+at, we ealle witon hwelce +arleste ge neah ge feor Neron
worhte, Romwara cyning, +ta his rice w+as hehst under
heofonum, to hryre monegum.
<R 9.5>
W+alhreowes gewed w+as ful wide cu+d, unrihth+amed, arleasta
fela, man and mor+dor, misd+ada worn, unrihtwises inwid+toncas.
<R 9.9>
He het him to gamene geara forb+arnan Romana burig, sio his
rices w+as ealles e+delstol.
<R 9.11>
He for unsnyttrum wolde fandian gif +t+at fyr meahte lixan swa
leohte and swa longe eac, read rasettan, swa he Romane secgan
geherde +t+at on sume tide Troia burg ofertogen h+afde lega
leohtost, lengest burne hama under hefonum.
<R 9.18>
N+as +t+at herlic d+ad, +t+at hine swelces gamenes gilpan
lyste,
<P 164>
+ta he ne earnade elles wuhte, buton +t+at
he wolde ofer wer+diode his anes huru anwald cy+dan.
<R 9.23>
Eac hit ges+alde +at sumum cierre +d+at se ilca het ealle
acwellan +ta ricostan Romana witan and +ta +a+telestan
eorlgebyrdum +te he on +t+am folce gefrigen h+afde, and
on uppan agene bro+dor and his modor mid meca ecgum,
billum ofbeatan.
<R 9.30>
He his bryde ofslog self mid sweorde, and he symle w+as micle
+te bli+dra on breostcofan +tonne he swylces [{mor+dres{]
m+ast gefremede.
<R 9.34>
Nalles sorgode hw+a+der si+d+dan a mihtig drihten ametan wolde
wrece be gewyrhtum wohfremmendum, ac he
on fer+de f+agn facnes and searuwa w+alriow wunode.
<R 9.38>
Wiold emne swa +teah ealles +tisses m+aran middangeardes, swa
swa lyft and lagu land ymbclyppa+d, garsecg embegyrt
gumena rice, [{secgea{] sitlu, su+d, east and
west, o+d +da nor+dmestan n+assan on eor+dan; eall
+t+at Nerone nede o+d+de lustum, hea+dorinca gehwilc, heran
sceolde.
<R 9.46>
He h+afde him to gamene, +tonne he on gylp astag, hu he
eor+dcyningas yrmde and cwelmde.
<R 9.48>
Wenst +du +t+at se anwald ea+de ne meahte godes +almihtiges
+tone gelpsca+dan rice ber+adan and bereafian his anwaldes
+durh +ta ecan meaht, o+d+de him his yfeles elles gestioran?
<R 9.53>
Eala, gif he wolde, +d+at he wel meahte, +t+at unriht him
ea+de forbiodan.
<R 9.55>
Eawla, +t+at se hlaford hefig gioc slepte
<P 165>
sware on +ta swyran sinra +degena, ealra +dara h+ale+da
+te on his tidum geond +tas l+anan worold liban sceoldon.
<R 9.59>
He on unscyldgum eorla blode his sweord selede swi+de gelome;
+d+ar w+as swi+de sweotol, +t+at we s+adon oft, +t+at se
anwald ne de+d awiht godes gif se wel nele +te his geweald
hafa+d.
<R 10.1>
Gif nu h+ale+da hwone hlisan lyste, unnytne gelp agan wille,
+tonne ic hine wolde wordum biddan +t+at he
hine +aghwonon utan ymbe+tohte, sweotole ymbsawe, su+d, east
and west, hu widgil sint wolcnum ymbutan
heofones hwealfe.
<R 10.7>
Higesnotrum m+ag ea+de +dincan +t+at +teos eor+de sie eall for
+d+at o+der unigmet lytel; +teah hio unwisum widgel +tince,
on stede stronglic steorleasum men, +teah m+ag +tone wisan
on gewitlocan +t+are gitsunge gelpes scamian, +donne hine
+t+as hlisan heardost lyste+d, and he +teah ne m+ag +tone
tobredan ofer +das nearowan n+anige +dinga eor+dan sceatas;
is +d+at unnet gelp.
<R 10.18>
Eala, ofermodan, hwi eow a lyste mid eowrum swiran selfra
willum +t+at sw+are gioc symle underlutan?
<R 10.21>
Hwy ge ymb +d+at unnet ealnig swincen, +t+at ge +tone hlisan
habban tilia+d ofer +dioda ma +tonne eow +tearf
sie?
<R 10.24>
+teah eow nu ges+ale +t+at eow su+d o+d+de nor+d +ta ytmestan
eor+dbuende on monig +diodisc miclum herien +deah
hwa +a+dele sie eorlgebyrdum,
<P 166>
welum geweor+dad, and on wlencum +dio, dugu+dum diore,
dea+d +t+as ne scrife+d, +tonne him rum forl+at rodora
waldend, ac he +tone welegan w+adlum gelice efnm+arne
gede+d +alces +tinges.
<R 10.33>
Hw+ar sint nu +t+as wisan Welandes ban, +t+as goldsmi+des, +te
w+as geo m+arost?
<R 10.35>
For+ty ic cw+a+d +t+as wisan Welandes ban, for+dy +angum ne
m+ag eor+dbuendra se cr+aft losian +te him Crist onl+an+d.
<R 10.38>
Ne m+ag mon +afre +ty e+d +anne wr+accan his cr+aftes beniman,
+te mon oncerran m+ag sunnan onswifan, and +disne swiftan
rodor of his rihtryne rinca +anig.
<R 10.42>
Hwa wat nu +t+as wisan Welandes ban, on hwelcum hi hl+awa
hrusan +teccen?
<R 10.44>
Hw+ar is nu se rica Romana wita, and se aroda, +te we ymb
spreca+d, hiora heretoga, se gehaten w+as mid
+t+am burgwarum Brutus nemned?
<R 10.48>
Hw+ar ic eac se wisa and se weor+dgeorna and se f+astr+ada
folces hyrde, se w+as u+dwita +alces +dinges,
cene and cr+aftig, +d+am w+as Caton nama?
<R 10.52>
Hi w+aron gefyrn for+dgewitene; nat n+anig mon hw+ar hi nu
sindon.
<R 10.54>
Hw+at is hiora here buton se hlisa an?
<R 10.55>
Se is [{eac{] to lytel swelcra lariowa, for+d+am +ta
magorincas maran wyr+de w+aron on worulde.
<R 10.57>
Ac hit is wyrse nu, +t+at geond +tas eor+dan +aghw+ar sindon
hiora gelican hwon ymbspr+ace, sume openlice
ealle forgitene, +t+at hi se hlisa hiwcu+de ne m+ag forem+are
weras for+d gebrengan.
<R 10.63>
+teah ge nu wenen and wilnigen
<P 167>
+t+at ge lange tid libban moten, hw+at iow +afre +ty bet bio
o+d+de +tince?
<R 10.66>
For+d+am +te nane forlet, +teah hit lang +dince, dea+d +after
dogorrime, +tonne he h+af+d drihtnes leafe.
<R 10.68>
Hw+at +tonne h+abbe h+ale+ta +anig, guma +at +t+am gilpe, gif
hine gegripan mot se eca dea+d +after +tissum worulde?
<R 11.1>
An sceppend is butan +alcum tweon.
<R 11.2>
Se is eac wealdend woruldgesceafta, heofones and eor+dan and
heare s+a and ealra +tara +te +d+ar in wunia+d,
[{unges+awenlicra{] , and eac swa same +dara +de we eagum
on locia+d, ealra gesceafta.
<R 11.7>
Se is +almihtig, +t+am olecca+d ealle gesceafte +te +t+as
ambehtes awuht cunnon, ge eac swa same +ta +d+as auht nyton
+t+at hi +t+as +deodnes +teowas sindon.
<R 11.12>
Se us gesette sido and +teawas, eallum gesceaftum
[{unawendende{] , singallice sibbe gecynde, +ta +ta he wolde,
+t+at +t+at he wolde, swa lange swa he wolde +t+at hit
wesan sceolde.
<R 11.17>
Swa hit eac to worulde sceal wunian for+d, for+t+am +afre ne
magon +ta unstillan woruldgesceafta weor+dan
gestilde, of +d+am ryne onwend +de him rodera weard
endebyrdes eallum gesette.
<R 11.22>
H+af+d se alwealda ealle gesceafta geb+at mid his bridle,
hafa+d butu gedon, ealle gemanode and eac getogen,
<P 168>
+t+at hi ne moten ofer metodes est +afre gestillan, ne
eft eallunga swi+dor stirian, +tonne [{him{] sigora weard
his gewealdle+der wille onl+aten.
<R 11.29>
He hafa+d +te bridle butu befangen heofon and eor+dan and eall
holma begong.
<R 11.31>
Swa h+af+d gehea+d+arod hefonrices weard mid his anwealde
ealle gesceafta, +t+at hiora +aghwilc wi+d o+der win+d,
and +teah winnende wre+dia+d f+aste, +aghwilc o+der utan
ymbclyppe+d, +ty l+as hi toswifen.
<R 11.36>
For+d+am hi symle sculon +done ilcan ryne eft gecyrran +te +at
frym+de f+ader getiode, and swa edniwe eft
gewior+dan.
<R 11.40>
Swa hit nu faga+d, frean ealdgeweorc, +t+atte winnende
wi+derweard gesceaft f+aste sibbe for+d anhealda+d.
<R 11.43>
Swa nu fyr and w+ater, folde and lagustream, [{manigu{] o+dru
gesceaft efnswi+de him giond +tas widan worulde winna+d
betweox him, and swa +teah magon hiora +tegnunga
and geferscipe f+aste gehealdan.
<R 11.48>
Nis hit no +t+at an +t+at swa ea+de m+ag wi+derweard gesceaft
wesan +atg+adere symbel geferan, ac hit is sellicre
+t+at hiora +anig ne m+ag butan o+trum bion.
<R 11.52>
Ac sceal wuhta gehwilc wi+derweardes hw+athwugu habban under
heofonum, +t+at his hige durre gemetgian,
+ar hit to micel weor+de.
<R 11.55>
H+af+d se +almihtiga eallum gesceaftum +d+at gewrixle geset
+te nu wunian sceal, wyrta growan, leaf grenian,
+t+at on h+arfest eft hrest and wealuwa+d.
<R 11.59>
Winter bringe+d weder ungemet cald, swifte windas.
<R 11.60>
Sumor +after cyme+d,
<P 169>
wearm gewideru.
<R 11.61>
Hw+at, +ta wonnan niht mona onlihte+d, o+d+d+at monnum d+ag
sunne bringe+d giond +tas sidan gesceaft.
<R 11.64>
H+af+d se ilca god eor+dan and w+atere mearce gesette.
<R 11.65>
Merestream ne dear ofer eor+dan sceat eard gebr+adan fisca
cynne butan frean leafe, ne hio +afre ne mot eor+dan
+tyrscwold up ofersteppan, ne +da ebban +ton ma
folces mearce oferfaran moton.
<R 11.71>
+ta gesetnesse sigora wealdend, lifes leohtfruma, l+at +tenden
he wile geond +tas m+aran gesceaft mearce
healden.
<R 11.74>
Ac +tonne se eca and se +almihtiga +ta gewealdle+deru wile
onl+atan efne +tara bridla +te he geb+atte mid his agen weorc
eall +at frym+de, +t+at is wi+derweardnes wuhte
gehwelcre +te we mid +t+am bridle becnan tilia+d;
gif se +dioden l+at +ta toslupan, sona hi forl+ata+d
lufan and sibbe, +d+as geferscipes freondr+adenne;
tila+t anra gehwilc agnes willan, woruldgesceafta winna+d
betweox him, o+d+d+at +dios eor+de eall forweor+de+d,
and eac swa same o+dra gesceafta weor+da+d him selfe
si+d+dan to nauhte.
<R 11.88>
Ac se ilca god, se +t+at eall metga+d, se gefeh+d fela folca
tosomne, and mid freondscipe f+aste gegadra+d, [{gesamna+d{]
sinscipas, sibbe gemenge+d, cl+anlice lufe.
<R 11.92>
Swa se cr+aftga eac geferscipas f+aste gesamna+d, +t+at hi
hiora freondscipe for+d on symbel untweofealde
treowa gehealda+d, sibbe samrade.
<R 11.96>
Eala, sigora god,
<P 170>
[{w+are{] +tis moncyn miclum ges+alig, gif
hiora modsefa meahte weor+dan sta+dolf+ast gereaht +turh
+ta strongan meaht, and geendebyrd, swa swa o+dra
sint woruldgesceafta.
<R 11.101>
W+are hit, la, +tonne murge mid monnum, gif hit meahte swa.
<R 12.1>
Se +te wille wyrcan w+astmb+are lond, atio of +d+am +acere
+arest sona fearn and +tornas and fyrsas swa same,
wiod +ta +te willa+d welhw+ar derian cl+anum hw+ate, +ty
l+as he ci+da leas licge on +d+am lande.
<R 12.6>
Is leoda gehw+am +dios o+dru bysen efnbehefu, +t+at is,
+t+atte +dynce+d +tegna gehwelcum huniges bibread healfe
+ty swetre, gif he hwene +ar huniges teare bitres
onbyrge+d.
<R 12.11>
Bi+d eac swa same monna +aghwilc micle +ty f+agenra li+des
we+dres, gif hine lytle +ar stormas gestonda+d and se stearca
wind nor+dan and eastan.
<R 12.15>
N+anegum +tuhte d+ag on +tonce, gif sio dimme niht +ar ofer
eldum egesan ne brohte.
<R 12.18>
Swa +tinc+d anra gehw+am eor+dbuendra sio so+de ges+al+d symle
+de betere and +ty wynsumre, +te he wita ma, heardra hen+da,
her adreoge+d.
<R 12.22>
+tu meaht eac mycle +ty e+d on modsefan so+da ges+al+da
sweotolor gecnawan, and to heora cy+d+de becuman si+d+dan,
gif +tu up atyhs+d +arest sona and +du awyrtwalast of
gewitlocan leasa ges+al+da, swa swa londes ceorl of his
+acere lyc+d yfel weod monig.
<P 171>
<R 12.29>
Si+d+dan ic +de secge +t+at +tu sweotole meaht so+da ges+al+da
sona oncnawan, and +tu +afre ne recst +aniges +dinges ofer
+ta ane, gif +tu hi ealles ongitst.
<R 12.32>
Ic wille mid giddum get gecy+dan hu se +almihtga [{ealla{]
gesceafta bryr+d mid his bridlum, beg+d +dider
he wile mid his anwalde, ge endebyrd wundorlice wel gemetga+d.
<R 13.6>
Hafa+d swa gehea+dorad heofona wealdend, utan befangen ealla
gesceafta, ger+aped mid his racentan, +t+at
hi aredian ne magon +t+at hi hi +afre him of aslepen; and
+teah wuhta gehwilc wriga+d toheald sidra gesceafta,
swi+de onhelded wi+d +t+as gecyndes +te him cyning
engla, f+ader +at frym+de, f+aste getiode.
<R 13.14>
Swa nu +tinga gehwilc +diderweard funda+d sidra gesceafta,
buton sumum englum and moncynne, +tara micles to feola
woroldwuniendra win+d wi+d gecynde.
<R 13.18>
+teah nu on londe leon gemete, wynsume wiht wel atemede, hire
magister miclum lufige, and eac ondr+ade dogora gehwelce,
gif hit +afre ges+al+d +t+at hio +aniges blodes onbyrge+d,
ne +dearf beorna nan wenan +t+are wyrde +t+at hio wel
si+d+dan hire taman healde, ac ic tiohhie +t+at hio +d+as
niwan taman nauht ne gehicgge, ac +done wildan gewunan
wille ge+tencan hire eldrena; ongin+d eorneste racentan
slitan, ryn, grymetigan, and +arest abit hire agenes
<P 172>
huses hirde, and hra+de si+d+dan h+ale+da gehwilcne +te hio
gehentan m+ag.
<R 13.33>
Nele hio forl+atan libbendes wuht, neata ne monna, nim+d eall
+t+at hio fint.
<R 13.35>
Swa do+d wudufuglas; +teah hi wel sien, tela atemede, gif hi
on treowum weor+da+d holte tomiddes, hr+a+de bio+d forsewene
heora lareowas, +te hi lange +ar tydon and temedon.
<R 13.39>
Hi on treowum wilde ealdgecynde a for+d si+d+dan willum
wunia+d, +teah him wolde hwilc heora lareowa listum beodan
+tone ilcan mete +te he hi +aror mid tame getede.
<R 13.44>
Him +ta twigu +tinca+d emne swa merge +t+at hi +t+as metes ne
rec+d, +dinc+d him to +don wynsum +t+at him se weald oncwy+d;
+tonne hi gehera+d hleo+drum br+agdan o+dre
fugelas, hi heora agne stefne styria+d; stuna+d eal
geador welwynsum sanc, wudu eallum oncwy+d.
<R 13.51>
Swa bi+d eallum treowum +te him on +a+dele bi+d +t+at hit on
holte hyhst geweaxe; +teah +du hwilcne boh byge
wi+d eor+dan, he bi+d upweardes, swa +du an forl+atst widu on
willan, went on gecynde.
<R 13.56>
Swa de+d eac sio sunne, +tonne hio on sige weor+de+d, ofer
midne d+ag, merecondel scyf+d on ofd+ale, uncu+dne weg nihtes
gene+de+d, nor+d eft and east; eldum otewe+d,
brenc+d eor+dwarum morgen meretorhtne.
<R 13.61>
Hio ofer moncyn stih+d a upweardes, o+d hio eft cyme+d +t+ar
hire yfemes+d bi+d eard gecynde.
<R 13.64>
Swa swa +alc gesceaft ealle m+agene geond +das widan woruld
wriga+d and higa+d, ealle m+agene eft symle onlyt,
<P 173>
wi+d his gecyndes cym+d to, +donne hit m+ag.
<R 13.68>
Nis nu ofer eor+dan +anegu gesceaft +te ne wilnie +t+at hio
wolde cuman to +tam earde +te hio of becom; +t+at is orsorgnes
and ecu rest, +t+at is openlice +almihti god.
<R 13.73>
Nis nu ofer eor+dan +anegu gesceaft +te ne hwearfige, swa swa
hweol de+d, on hire selfre.
<R 13.75>
For+don hio swa hwearfa+d, +t+at hio eft cume +t+ar hio +aror
w+as; +tonne hio +arest sie utan behwerfed,
+tonne hio ealles wyr+d utan becerred, hio sceal eft don +t+at
hio +ar dyde, and eac wesan +t+at hio +aror w+as.

<P 176>
<R 19.1>
Eala, +t+at is hefig dysig, hyge+d ymbe se +de wile, and
frecenlic fira gehwilcum +t+at +da earman men mid
ealle gedw+ale+d, of +d+am rihtan wege recene al+aded.
<R 19.5>
Hw+a+der ge willen on wuda secan gold +d+at reade on grenum
triowum?
<R 19.7>
Ic wat swa +deah +t+at hit witena nan +tider ne sece+d,
for+d+am hit +t+ar ne wex+d, ne on wingeardum wlitige
gimmas.
<R 19.10>
Hwy ge nu ne settan on sume dune fiscnet eowru, +tonne eow
fon lyste+d leax o+d+de cyperan?
<R 19.12>
Me gelicost +dinc+d +t+atte ealle witen eor+dbuende
+toncolmode +d+at hi +t+ar ne sint.
<R 19.15>
hw+a+ter ge nu willen w+a+tan mid hundum on sealtne s+a,
+tonne eow secan lyst heorotas and hinda?
<R 19.17>
+tu gehicgan meaht +t+at ge willa+d +da on wuda secan oftor
micle +tonne ut on s+a.
<R 19.20>
Is +d+at wundorlic, +t+at we witan ealle, +t+at mon secan
sceal be s+awaro+de and be eaofrum +a+tele gimmas,
hwite and reade and hiwa gehw+as.
<R 19.24>
Hw+at, hi eac witon hw+ar hi eafiscas secan +turfan, and
swylcra fela weoruldwelena; hi +t+at wel do+d,
<P 177>
geornfulle men, geara gehwilce.
<R 19.28>
Ac +d+at is earmlicost ealra +tinga +t+at +ta dysegan sint on
gedwolan wordene, efne swa blinde +t+at hi on
breostum ne magon ea+de gecnawan hw+ar +ta ecan good, so+da
ges+al+da, sindon gehydda.
<R 19.33>
For+t+am hi +afre ne lyst +after spyrian, secan +ta ges+al+da.
<R 19.34>
Wena+d samwise +t+at hi on +dis l+anan m+agen life findan
so+da ges+al+da, +t+at is selfa god.
<R 19.37>
Ic nat hu ic m+age n+anige +dinga ealles swa swi+de on sefan
minum hiora dysig t+alan swa hit me don lyste+d,
ne ic +te swa sweotole gesecgan ne m+ag, for+d+am [{hi{]
sint earmran and eac dysegran, unges+aligran,
+tonne ic +te secgan m+age.
<R 19.43>
Hi wilnia+d welan and +ahta and weor+dscipes to gewinnanne;
+tonne hi habba+d +t+at hiora hige sece+d, wena+d +tonne
swa gewitlease +d+at hi +ta so+dan ges+al+da h+abben.

<P 185>
<R 21.1>
Wel la, monna bearn geond middangeard, friora +aghwilc fundie
to +t+am ecum gode +te we ymb spreca+d, and to +t+am
ges+al+dum +te we secga+d ymb.
<R 21.5>
Se +de +donne nu sie nearwe gehefted mid +tisses m+aran
middangeardes unnyttre lufe, sece him eft hr+a+de
fulne friodom, +t+at he for+d cume to +t+am ges+al+dum saula
r+ades.
<R 21.10>
For+t+am +t+at is sio an rest eallra geswinca, hyhtlicu hy+d
heaum ceolum modes usses, meresmylta wic.
<R 21.13>
+t+at is sio an hy+d +te +afre bi+d +after +tam y+dum ura
geswinca, ysta gehwelcre, ealnig smylte.
<R 21.16>
+t+at is sio fri+dstow and sio frofor an eallra yrminga +after
+tissum weoruldgeswincum.
<R 21.18>
+t+at is wynsum stow +after +tyssum yrm+dum to aganne.
<R 21.20>
Ac ic georne wat +t+atte gylden ma+dm, sylofren sincstan,
searogimma nan,
<P 186>
middangeardes wela modes eagan +afre ne onlyhta+d,
auht ne gebeta+d hiora scearpnesse to +t+are sceawunga so+dra
ges+al+da, ac hi swi+dor get monna gehwelces modes eagan
ablenda+d on breostum, +tonne hi hi beorhtran gedon.
<R 21.28>
For+d+am +aghwilc +ding +te on +tys andweardan life lica+d
l+anu sindon, eor+dlicu +ting a fleondu.
<R 21.31>
Ac +t+at is wundorlic wlite and beorhtnes +te wuhta gehw+as
wlite geberhte+d and +after +t+am eallum wealde+d.
<R 21.34>
Nele se waldend +d+at forweor+dan scylen saula usse, ac he hi
selfa wile leoman onlihtan, lifes wealdend.
<R 21.37>
Gif +tonne h+ale+da hwilc hlutrum eagum modes sines m+ag +afre
ofsion hiofones leohtes hlutre beorhto, +tonne wile he secgan
+t+at +d+are sunnan sie beorhtnes +tiostro
beorna gehwylcum to metanne wi+d +t+at micle
leoht godes +almihtiges; +t+at is gasta gehw+am ece butan
ende eadegum saulum.

<P 188>
<R 24.1>
Ic h+abbe fi+dru fugle swiftran, mid +d+am ic fleogan m+ag
feor fram eor+dan
<P 189>
ofer heane hrof heofones +tisses,
ac +d+ar ic nu moste mod gefe+dran, +dinne fer+dlocan,
fe+drum minum, o+d+d+at +du meahte +tisne middangeard,
+alc eor+dlic +ding, eallunga forsion.
<R 24.8>
Meahtes ofer rodorum gereclice fe+derum lacan, feor up ofer
wolcnu windan, wlitan si+d+dan ufan ofer ealle.
<R 24.11>
Meahtes eac faran ofer +d+am fyre +de fela geara for lange
betweox lyfte and rodere, swa him +at frym+de
f+ader getiode.
<R 24.15>
+du meahtest +de si+d+dan mid +d+are sunnan faran betweox
o+drum tunglum.
<R 24.17>
Meahtest +de full recen on +d+am rodere ufan si+d+dan
weor+dan, and +donne samtenges +at +d+am +alcealdan anum
steorran, se yfmest is eallra tungla, +done Saturnus
sundbuende hata+d under heofonum; he is se cealda eallisig
tungl, yfemest wandra+d ofer eallum ufan o+drum steorrum.
<R 24.25>
Si+d+dan +du +donne +done up a hafast for+d oferfarenne, +du
meaht feorsian; +donne bist +du si+d+dan sona ofer uppan
rodere ryneswiftum.
<R 24.28>
Gif +du on riht f+arest, +de +done hehstan heofon behindan
l+atst, +donne meaht +du [{si+d+dan{] so+des leohtes
habban +tinne d+al, +donan an cyning rume ricsa+d ofer roderum
up and under swa same eallra gesceafta,
weorulde walde+d.
<R 24.34>
+t+at is wis cyning, +t+at is se +de walde+d giond wer+dioda
ealra o+dra eor+dan cyninga, se mid his bridle
[{ymbeb+ated{] h+af+d
<P 190>
ymbhwyrft ealne eor+dan and heofones.
<R 24.39>
He his gewaldle+der wel gemetga+d, se stiore+d a +turg +da
strongan meaht +d+am hr+adw+ane heofones and eor+dan.
<R 24.42>
Se an dema is gest+a+d+dig, unawendendlic, wlitig and m+are.
<R 24.44>
Gif +du [{weor+dest{] on wege rihtum up to +d+am earde, +t+at
is +a+dele stow, +deah +du hi nu geta forgiten h+abbe,
gif +du +afre eft +t+ar an cymest, +donne wilt +tu secgan
and sona cwe+dan: +dis is eallunga min agen cy+d,
eard and e+del.
<R 24.50>
Ic w+as +ar hionan cumen and acenned +durh +disses cr+aftgan
meaht.
<R 24.52>
Nylle ic +afre hionan ut witan, ac ic symle her softe wille
mid f+ader willan f+aste stondan.
<R 24.55>
Gif +de +donne +afre eft geweor+de+d +t+at +du wilt o+d+de
most weorolde +diostro eft fandian, +du meaht ea+de gesion
unrihtwise eor+dan cyningas and +ta ofermodan o+dre
rican +de +tis werige folc wyrst tucia+d, +t+at hi symle
bio+d swi+de earme, unmehtige +alces +dinges, emne +da
ilcan +te +tis earme folc sume hwile nu swi+dost ondr+ad+a+d.
<R 25.1>
Geher nu an spell be +d+am ofermodum unrihtwisum eor+dan
cyningum, +da her nu manegum and mislicum w+adum
wlitebeorhtum wundrum scina+d on heahsetlum, hrofe getenge,
golde gegerede and gimcynnum, utan ymbestandne mid unrime
<P 191>
+degna and eorla.
<R 25.8>
+ta bio+d gehyrste mid heregeatwum hildetorhtum, sweordum and
fetelum swi+de geglengde, and +tegnia+d +drymme micle +alc
o+drum, and hi ealle him +donan mid +dy +drymme +treatia+d
gehwider ymbsittenda o+dra +deoda; and se hlaford ne scrif+d,
+de +d+am here walde+d, freonde ne feonde, feore ne +ahtum,
ac he re+digmod r+ast on gehwilcne, wedehunde wuhta gelicost;
bi+d to up ah+afen inne on mode for +d+am anwalde +te him
anra gehwilc his tirwina to fultema+d.
<R 25.22>
Gif mon +donne wolde him awindan of +t+as cynegerelan cla+da
gehwilcne, and him +tonne oftion +dara +degnunga and +t+as
anwaldes +de he [{+ar{] h+afde, +donne meaht +du
gesion +t+at he bi+d swi+de gelic sumum +dara gumena +te
him geornost nu mid +degnungum +dringa+d ymbeutan; gif
he wyrsa ne bi+d, ne wene ic his na beteran.
<R 25.30>
Gif him +tonne +afre unmendlinga weas geberede +t+at him
wurde oftogen +trymmes and w+ada and +tegnunga and +d+as
anwaldes +te we ymbe spreca+d, gif him +anig +tara
ofhende wyr+d, ic wat +t+at him +tynce+d +t+at he +tonne
sie becropen on carcern, o+d+de co+dlice racentan ger+aped.
<R 25.37>
Ic gereccan m+ag +t+at of ungemete +alces +dinges, wiste and
w+ada, wingedrinces, and of swetmettum, swi+dost weaxa+d
+t+are wr+annesse wod+drag micel; sio swi+de
gedr+af+d sefan ingehygd monna gehwelces, +tonan m+ast
cyme+d
<P 192>
yfla ofermetta, unnetta saca.
<R 25.45>
+tonne hi [{gebolgene{] weor+da+d, him wyr+d on breostum inne
beswungen sefa on hra+dre mid +d+am swi+dan welme
hatheortnesse, and hre+de si+d+dan unrotnesse eac
[{ger+aped{] , hearde geh+afted.
<R 25.49>
Him si+d+dan ongin+d sum tohopa swi+de leogan +t+as gewinnes
wr+ace; wilna+d +t+at irre anes and o+dres; him +t+at eall
geh+at his recelest, rihtes ne scrife+d.
<R 25.54>
Ic +de s+ade +ar on +disse selfan bec +t+at sumes goodes sidra
gesceafta anlepra +alc a wilnode for his agenum ealdgecynde.
<R 25.58>
Unrihtwise eor+dan cyningas ne magon +afre +turhtion awuht
goodes for +d+am yfle +te ic +de +ar s+ade.
<R 25.61>
Nis +d+at nan wundor, for+d+am hi willa+d hi +t+am un+deawum
+te ic +de +ar nemde, anra gehwelcum, a under+deodan.
<R 25.64>
Sceal +donne nede nearwe gebugan to +dara hlaforda
[{h+aftedome{] , +te he hine eallunga +ar under+tiodde.
<R 25.67>
+d+at is wyrse get, +t+at he winnan nyle wi+d +d+am anwalde
+anige stunde; +t+ar he wolde a winnan onginnan,
and +tonne on +d+am gewinne +turhwunian for+d, +tonne n+afde
he nane scylde, +deah he oferwunnen weor+dan sceolde.

<P 197>
<R 28.1>
Hwa is on eor+dan nu unl+ardra +te ne wundrige wolcna
f+areldes, rodres swifto, ryne tunglo, hu hy +alce
d+age utan ymbhwerfe+d eallne middangeard?
<R 28.5>
Hwa is moncynnes +t+at ne wundrie ymb +tas wlitegan tungl, hu
hy sume habba+d swi+de micle scyrtran ymbehwerft,
sume scri+da+d leng utan ymb eall +dis?
<R 28.9>
An +tara tungla woruldmen hata+d w+anes +tisla; +ta habba+d
scyrtran scri+de and f+arelt, ymbhwerft l+assan,
+donne o+dru tungl, for+d+am hi +t+are eaxe utan
ymbhweorfe+d, +tone nor+dende nean ymbcerre+d.
<R 28.15>
On +d+are ilcan eaxe hwerfe+d eall ruma rodor, recene
scri+de+d, su+dheald swife+d, swift, untiorig.
<R 28.18>
Hwa is on weorulde +t+at ne wafige, buton +ta ane +te hit +ar
wisson, +t+atte m+anig tungul maran ymbhwyrft
hafa+d on heofonum, sume hwile eft l+asse geli+da+d, +ta +te
laca+d ymb eaxe ende o+d+de micle mare gefera+d
+ta hire [{middre{] ymbe
<P 198>
+tearle +tr+age+d?
<R 28.25>
+tara is gehaten Saturnus sum, se h+af+d ymb +tritig
wintergerimes weoruld ymbcirred.
<R 28.28>
Boetes eac beorhte scine+d, o+der steorra, cyme+d efne swa
same on +tone ilcan stede eft ymb +tritig geargerimes,
+d+ar he gio +da w+as.
<R 28.32>
Hwa is weoruldmonna +t+at ne wafige, hu sume steorran o+d +da
s+a fara+d under merestreamas, +t+as +de monnum +dinc+d?
<R 28.35>
Swa eac sume wena+d +t+at sio sunne do, ac se wena nis wuhte
+te so+dra.
<R 28.37>
Ne bi+d hio on +afen ne on +armorgen merestreame +te near +de
on midne d+ag, and +teah monnum +tync+d +t+at hio on mere
gange under s+aswife, +tonne hio on setl glide+d.
<R 28.41>
Hwa is on weorulde +t+at ne wundrige fulles monan, +tonne he
f+aringa wyr+d under wolcnum wlites bereafad, be+teaht
mid +tiostrum?
<R 28.44>
Hwa +tegna ne m+age eac wafian +alces stiorran, hwy hi ne
scinen scirum wederum beforan +d+are sunnan, swa hi symle
do+d middelnihtum wi+d +tone monan foran, hadrum heofone?
<R 28.49>
Hw+at, nu h+ale+da fela swelces and swelces swi+de wundra+d,
and ne wundria+d +t+atte wuhta gehwilc, men and netenu,
micelne habba+d and unnetne andan betweoh him,
swi+de singalne.
<R 28.54>
Is +t+at sellic +tincg, +t+at hi ne wundria+d hu hit on
wolcnum oft +tearle +tunra+d, +tragm+alum eft anforl+ate+d,
and eac swa same y+d wi+d lande ealneg winne+d, [{wind{]
wi+d w+age.
<R 28.59>
Hwa wundra+d +t+as o+d+de o+tres eft, hwi +t+at is m+age
<P 199>
weor+dan of w+atere; [{wlitetorht{] scine+d sunna swegle
hat; sona gecerre+d ismere +anlic on his agen gecynd,
weor+de+d to w+atre.
<R 28.64>
Ne +tinc+d +t+at wundor micel monna +anegum +t+at he m+agge
gesion dogora gehwilce, ac +d+at dysie folc +t+as hit seldnor
gesih+d swi+dor wundra+d, +teah hit wisra gehw+am
wundor +dince on his modsefan micle l+asse.
<R 28.70>
[{Unsta+dolf+aste{] ealneg wena+d +t+at +t+at ealdgesceaft
+afre ne w+are +t+at hi seldon gesio+d, ac swi+dor giet
weoruldmen wena+d +t+at hit weas come, niwan ges+alde, gif
hiora n+angum hwylc +ar ne o+deowde; is +t+at earmlic +tinc.
<R 28.76>
Ac gif hiora +anig +afre weor+de+d to +don firwetgeorn +t+at
he fela ongin+d leornian lista, and him lifes
weard of mode abrit +t+at micle dysig +d+at hit oferwrigen mid
wunode lange, +tonne ic w+at geare +t+at hi
ne wundria+d m+aniges +tinges +te monnum nu [{w+af+do{] and
wunder welhw+ar +tynce+d.
<R 29.1>
Gif +du nu wilnige weorulddrihtnes heane anwald hlutre mode
ongitan giorne, gem alm+agene heofones tunglu, hu hi him
healda+d betwuh sibbe singale, dydon swa lange.
<R 29.6>
Swa hi gewenede wuldres aldor +at frumsceafte +t+at sio fyrene
[{ne{] mot sunne gesecan snawcealdes weg,
<P 200>
[{monan{] gem+aro.
<R 29.9>
Hw+at, +da m+aran tungl au+der o+dres rene a ne gehrine+d +ar
+t+am +t+at o+der of gewite+d.
<R 29.12>
Ne huru se stiorra gestigan wile westd+al wolcna, +tone wise
men (\Ursa\) nemna+d; ealle stiorran siga+d +after sunnan samod
mid rodere under eor+dan grund, he ana stent.
<R 29.17>
Nis +t+at nan wundor; he is wundrum [{f+ast{] , upende neah
eaxe +d+as roderes.
<R 29.19>
+donne is an steorra ofer o+dre beorht, cyme+d eastan up +ar
+tonne sunne; +tone monna bearn morgenstiorra hata+d under
heofonum, for+d+am he h+ale+tum d+ag boda+d +after burgum,
brenge+d +after swegeltorht sunne samad eallum d+ag.
<R 29.25>
Is se forrynel f+ager and sciene, cyme+d eastan up +ar for
sunnan and eft +after sunnan on setl glide+d,
west under weorulde.
<R 29.28>
Wer+dioda his noman onwenda+d +tonne niht cyme+d, hata+d hine
ealle +afenstiorra.
<R 29.31>
Se bi+d +t+are sunnan swiftra; si+d+dan hi on setl gewita+d,
ofirne+d +t+at +a+tele tungol, o+d+t+at he be eastan
weor+de+d eldum o+dewed +ar +tonne sunne.
<R 29.34>
Habba+d +a+dele tungol emne ged+aled d+ag and nihte drihtnes
meahtum, sunna and [{mona{] , swi+de ge+tw+are, swa him +at
frym+te f+ader getiohhode.
<R 29.38>
Ne +tearft +tu no wenan +t+at +da wlitegan tungl +d+as
+teowdomes a+droten weor+de +ar domes d+age; de+d si+d+dan
ymbe moncynnes fruma swa him gemet +tince+d, for+don hi be
healfe heofones +tisses on ane ne l+at +almihtig god,
+ty l+as hi o+dra fordyden +a+tela gesceafta,
<P 201>
ac se eca god ealle gemetga+d sida gesceafta,
softa ge+twera+d.
<R 29.47>
Hwilum +d+at drige drif+d +tone w+atan, hwylum [{he{]
gemenge+d, metodes cr+afte, cile wi+d h+ato;
hwilum cerre+d eft on uprodor +albeorhta leg,
leoht [{on{] lyfte; lige+d him behindan hefig hrusan d+al,
+teah hit hwilan +ar eor+de sio cealde oninnan hire heold
and hydde haliges meahtum.
<R 29.55>
Be +t+as cyninges gebode cyme+d geara [{gehw+at{] , eor+de
bringe+d +aghwylc tudor, and se hata sumor h+ale+da
bearnum geara gehwilce giere+d and drige+d geond sidne grund
s+ad and bleda, h+arfest to honda herbuendum, ripa rece+d.
<R 29.61>
Ren +after +t+am swylce hagal and snaw hrusan lecca+d on
wintres tid, weder unhiore.
<R 29.64>
For+d+am eor+de onfeh+d eallum s+adum, gede+d +t+at hi growa+d
geara gehwilce; on lenctentid leaf up sprytta+d.
<R 29.67>
Ac se milda metod monna bearnum on eor+dan fet eall +t+atte
growe+d, w+astmas on weorolde, wel for+dbrenge+d hit +tonne he
wile, heofona waldend, and eowa+d eft eor+dbuendum,
nim+d +tonne he wile, nergende god.
<R 29.73>
And +t+at hehste good on heahsetle site+d self cyning, and
+tios side gesceaft +tena+d and +diowa+d.
<R 29.75>
He [{+tonan{] walde+d +t+am geweltle+drum weoruldgesceafta.
<R 29.77>
Nis +t+at nan wundor; he is weroda god, cyning and drihten
cwucera gehwelces, +awelm and fruma eallra
gesceafta, wyrhta and sceppend weorulde +tisse,
<P 202>
wisdom and +a woruldbuendra.
<R 29.82>
Ealla gesceafta on [{his{] +arendo hionana he sende+d, h+at
eft cuman.
<R 29.84>
Gif he swa gest+a+d+dig ne sta+dolade ealla gesceafta,
+aghwylc hiora wra+de tostencte weor+dan sceolden,
+aghwilc hiora ealle to nauhte weor+dan sceoldon wra+de
toslopena, +teah +ta ane lufe ealle gesceafta heofones
and eor+dan h+abben gem+ane, +t+at hi +tiowien swilcum
+tiodfruman, and f+agnia+d +t+at hiora f+ader [{wealde+d{] .
<R 29.93>
Nis +t+at nan wundor, for+d+am wuhta nan +afre ne meahte elles
wunian, gif hi eallm+agene hiora ordfruman
ne +tiowoden, +teodne m+arum.



<B COLAW4>
<Q O3/4 STA LAW LAWLAT>
<N LAW LATE>
<A X>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z STAT>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  LAWS (LATE).
DIE GESETZE DER ANGELSACHSEN, VOL. I.
ED. F. LIEBERMANN.
HALLE: MAX NIEMEYER, 1903.
PP. 444.10 - 453.6  (RECTITUDINES) (SAMPLE 1)     
PP. 453.10 - 455.48 (GEREFA)

TEXT:  LAWS (WILLIAM).
Idem.
PP. 483.1 - 484.24 (WILLIAM I)     (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B14.44^]
<P 444>
<R 1>
+Degenes lagu: +Degenlagu is, +t+at he sy his bocrihtes
wyr+de & +t+at he +dreo +dinc of his lande do: fyrdf+areld
& burhbote & brycgeweorc.
<R 1.1>
Eac of manegum landum mare landriht arist to cyniges gebanne,
swilce is deorhege to cyniges hame &
scorp to fri+dscipe & s+aweard & heafodweard & fyrdweard,
+almesfeoh & cyricsceat & m+anige o+dere mistlice +dingc.
<P 445>
<R 2>
Geneates riht: Geneatriht is mistlic be +dam +de on lande
st+ant: on sumon he sceal landgafol syllan
& g+arsswyn on geare & ridan & auerian & lade l+adan, wyrcan
& hlaford feormian, ripan & mawan, deorhege heawan & s+ate
haldan, bytlian & burh hegegian, nigefaran to tune feccan,
cyricsceat syllan & +almesfeoh, heafodwearde healdan
& horswearde, +arendian fyr swa nyr,
swa hwyder swa him mon to t+ac+d.
<R 3>
Kotsetlan riht: Kotesetlan riht be +dam +de on lande stent:
on sumon he sceal +alce Mond+age [{ofer{] geares fyrst his
laforde wyrcan o+d+d III dagas +alcre wucan on h+arfest.
<P 446>
<R 3.2>
Ne +dearf he landgafol syllan.
<R 3.3>
Him gebyria+d V +aceres to habbanne; mare, gyf hit on lande
[{+deaw{] sy; & to lytel hit bi+d, beo hit a
l+asse; for+dan his weorc sceal beon oftr+ade.
<R 3.4>
Sylle his heor+dp+anig on halgan +Dunresd+ag, ealswa +alcan
frigean men gebyre+d, & werige his hlafordes
inland, gif him man beode, +at s+awearde & +at cyniges
deorhege & +at swilcan +dingan, swilc his m+a+d sy,
& sylle his cyricsceat to Martinus m+assan.
<R 4>
Gebures gerihte: Geburgerihta syn mislice: gehwar hy syn
hefige, gehwar eac medeme; On sumen lande is,
+t+at he sceal wyrcan to wicweorce II dagas swilc weorc,
swilc him man t+ac+d, ofer geares fyrst
+alcre wucan, & on h+arfest III dagas to wicweorce & of
Candelm+asse o+d Eastran III; gif he afera+d, ne
+dearf he wyrcan +da hwile +de his hors ute bi+d.
<R 4.1>
He sceal syllan on Michaeles m+assed+aig X gafolp+anigas &
on Martinus m+assed+ag XXIII systra beres
& II henfugelas, on Eastran an geong sceap o+d+de II p+anigas.
<P 447>
& he sceal licgan of Martinus m+assan o+d Eastran +at
hlafordes falde, swa oft swa him to geb+a+d.
& of +dam timan, +de man +arest ere+d, o+d Martinus m+assan
he sceal +alcre wucan erian I +acer & r+acan sylf
+t+at s+ad on hlafordes berne; toeacan +dam III +aceras to
bene & II to g+arsyr+de; gyf he maran g+arses
be+dyrfe, +donne earnige +d+as, swa him man +dafige.
<R 4.2>
his gauolyr+de III +aceras erige & sawe of his aganum berne,
& sylle his heor+dp+anig & twegen & twegen fedan +anne
headorhund & +alc gebur sylle VI hlafas +dam
[{inswane{] , +donne he his heorde to m+astene drife.
<R 4.3>
On +dam sylfum lande, +de +deos r+aden on st+ant, gebure
gebyre+d, +t+at him man to landsetene sylle II oxan
& I cu & VI sceap & VII +aceras gesawene on his gyrde
landes; For+dige ofer +t+at gear ealle gerihtu,
+de him to gebyrigean; & sylle him man tol to his weorce &
andlaman to his huse; +donne him [{for+dsi+d{] gebyrige,
gyme his hlaford +d+as he l+afe.
<R 4.4>
[{+Deos{] landlagu st+ant on suman lande; gehwar hit is, swa
<P 448>
ic +ar cw+a+d, hefigre, gehwar [{eac{] leohtre; for+dam
ealle landsida ne syn gelice.
<R 4.5>
On sumen landa gebur sceal syllan huniggafol, on suman
metegafol, on suman ealugafol.
<R 4.6>
Hede se +de scire healde, +t+at he wite a, hw+at
ealdlandr+aden sy & hw+at +deode +deaw.
<R 5>
Be +dam +de beon bewita+d: Beoceorle gebyre+d, gif he
gafolheorde healt, +t+at he sylle +donne lande
ger+ad beo.
<R 5.1>
Mid us is ger+ad, +t+at he sylle V sustras huniges to gafole;
on suman landum gebyre+d mare gafolr+aden.
<R 5.2>
Eac he sceal hwiltidum geara beon on manegum weorcum to
hlafordes willan, toeacan benyr+de & bedripe & m+adm+awecte.
<R 5.3>
& gyf he wel gelend bi+d, he sceal beon gehorsad, +t+at he
m+age to hlafordes seame +t+at syllan o+d+de sylf l+adan,
sw+a+der him man t+ace.
<R 5.4>
& fela +dinga swa gerad man sceal don; eal ic nu atellan ne
m+aig.
<R 5.5>
+donne him for+dsi+d gebyrige, hede se hlaford +d+as he
l+afe, bute hwet friges sy.
<R 6>
Gafolswane: Gafolswane gebyre+d, +t+at he sylle his slyht,
be
<P 449>
+dam +de on lande stent.
<R 6.1>
On manegum landum stent, +t+at he sylle +alce geare XV swyn
to sticunge, X ealde & V gynge h+abbe sylf, +t+at he ofer
+t+at ar+are; on manegum landum gebyre+d deopre swanriht.
<R 6.2>
Gyme eac swan, +t+at he +after sticunge his slyhtswyn wel
behweorfe s+ancge: +donne bi+d he ful wel gewyrces wyr+de.
<R 6.3>
Eac he sceal beon swa ic +ar be beocere cw+a+d oftr+ade to
gehwilcon weorce & gehorsad to hlafordes neode.
<R 6.4>
+deow swan & +deow beocere +after for+dsi+de be anre lage
wyr+de.
<R 7>
Be +ahteswane: +Ahteswane, +de [{inheorde{] healt, gebyre+d
stifearh & his gewirce, +donne he [{spic{] behworfen h+af+d,
& elles +da gerihtu, +de +deowan men to gebyria+d.
<R 8>
Be manna metsunge: Anan esne gebyre+d to metsunge XII pund
godes cornes & II scip+ateras & I god metecu,
wudur+aden be landside.
<P 450>
<R 9>
Be wifmonna metsunge: +Deowan wifmen: VIII pund cornes to
mete, I sceap o+d+de III p+anigas to wintersufle,
I syster beana to l+angtensufle, hw+aig on sumera o+d+de
I p+anig.
<R 9.1>
Eallum +ahtemannum gebyre+d Midwintres feorm & Eastorfeorm,
sulh+acer & [{h+arfesthandful{] toeacan heora
nydrihte.
<R 10>
Be folgeran: Folgere gebyre+d, +t+at he on twelf mon+dum II
+aceras geearnige, o+derne gesawene & o+derne unsawene;
s+adige sylf +d+ane; & his mete & scoung &
glofung him gebyre+d.
<R 10.1>
Gyf he mare geearnian m+aig, him bi+d sylfum fremu.
<R 11>
Be s+adere: S+adere gebyre+d, +t+at he h+abbe +alces
s+adcynnes +anne leap fulne, +donne he +alc s+ad wel
gesawen h+abbe ofer geares fyrst.
<R 12>
Be oxanhyrde: Oxanhyrde mot l+aswian II oxan o+d+de ma mid
hlafordes heorde on gem+anre l+ase be his ealdormannes
gewitnesse; earnian mid +dam scos & glofa him sylfum.
<R 12.1>
& his metecu mot gan mid hlafordes oxan.
<R 13>
Be kuhyrde: Cuhyrde gebyre+d, +t+at he h+abbe ealdre cu
meolc VII niht, sy+d+dan heo nige cealfod
<P 451>
h+af+d, & frymetlinge bystinge XIIII niht.
<R 13.1>
& ga his metecu mid hlafordes cu.
<R 14>
Be sceaphyrdan: Sceaphyrdes riht is, +t+at he h+abbe twelf
nihta [{dingan{] to Middanwintra & I lamb of
geares geoge+de & I belflys & his heorde meolc VII niht
+after emnihtes d+age & blede fulle hweges o+d+de syringe
ealne sumor.
<R 15>
Be gathyrde: Gathyrde gebyre+d his heorde meolc ofer
Martinus m+assed+aig, & +ar +dam his d+al hw+ages
& I ticcen of geares geogo+de, gif he his heorde wel begyme+d.
<R 16>
Be cyswyrhte: Cyswyrhtan gebyre+d hundred cyse, & +t+at heo
of wringhw+age buteran macige to hlafordes beode;
& h+abbe hire +da syringe ealle butan +d+as hyrdes d+ale.
<R 17>
Be berebrytte: Berebryttan gebyre+d corngebrot on h+arfeste
+at bernes dure, gif him his ealdorman ann, & he hit mid
[{getryw+dan{] geearno+d.
<R 18>
Be bydele: Bydele gebyra+d, +t+at he for his wycan sy
weorces frigra +donne o+der man; for+dan he sceal
beon oftr+ade.
<R 18.1>
Eac him gebyre+d sum landsticce for his geswince.
<P 452>
<R 19>
Be wudewarde: Wuduwearde gebyre+d +alc windfylled treow.
<R 20>
H+aigwerde gebyre+d, +t+at man his geswinces lean gecnawe on
+dam endum, +de to etenl+ase licgan; for+dam
he m+aig wenan, gyf he +t+at +ar forgym+d, +t+at him man.
[^THE SCRIBE OF MS B HAS SKIPPED ONE LINE^]
<R 20.1>
hwilces landsticces geann, +t+at sceal beon mid folcrihte
nyhst etenl+ase; for+dam gyf he for sl+aw+de his hlafordes
forgym+d, ne bi+d his agnum wel geborgen, gif hit
bi+d +dus funden.
<R 20.2>
Gyf he +donne eal wel gefri+da+d, he healdan sceal, +donne
bi+d he godes leanes ful wel wyr+de.
<R 21>
Landlaga syn mistlice, swa ic +ar beforan s+ade.
<R 21.1>
Ne sette we na +das gerihtu ofer ealle +deoda, +de we +ar
beforan ymbe spr+acon; ac we cy+da+d, hw+at +deaw
is +d+ar +d+ar us cu+d is.
<R 21.2>
Gyf we selre geleornia+d, +t+at we willa+d georne lufian &
healdon, be +d+are +dede +deawe, +de we +d+anne onwunia+d.
<R 21.3>
For+dam laga sceal on leode luflice leornian, lof se +de on
lande sylf nele leosan.
<R 21.4>
Feola syndon folcgerihtu: on sumre +deode gebyre+d
winterfeorm, Easterfeorm, bendform for ripe, gytfeorm for
yr+de, m+a+dmed, hreacmete, +at wudulade
<P 453>
w+antreow, +at cornlade hreaccopp & fela +dinga,
+de ic getellan ne m+aig.
<R 21.5>
+dis is +deah myngung manna biwiste & eal +t+at ic +ar
beforan ymberehte.

[^B14.45^]
<P 453>
<R 1>
Be gesceadwisan gerefan: Se scadwis gerefa sceal +ag+d+ar
witan ge hlafordes landriht ge folces gerihtu,
be+dam +de hit of ealddagum witan ger+addan, & +alcre
til+dan timan, +de to tune belimp+d.
<R 1.1>
for+dam on manegum landum til+d bi+d redre +donne on o+drum:
ge yr+de tima hr+adra, ge m+ada r+adran, ge winterdun eac swa,
ge gehwilc o+der til+d.
<R 2>
Hede se +de scire healde, +t+at he fri+dige & for+dige +alce
be +dam +de hit selest sy; & be +dam he eac mot,
+de hine weder wisa+d.
<R 2.1>
He sceal snotorlice smeagean & georne +durhsmugan ealle +da
+ding, +de hlaforde magan to r+ade.
<R 3>
Gyf he wel aginnan wile, ne m+aig he sleac beon ne to
oferhydig; ac he mot +ag+der witan ge l+asse ge
mare, ge betere ge m+atre +d+as +de to tune belimp+d, ge on
tune ge on dune, ge on wuda ge on w+atere, ge
on felda ge on falde, ge inne ge ute.
<R 3.1>
For+dam to so+de ic secge: oferhogie he o+d+de forgyme +da
+ding to beganne & to bewitanne, +de to scipene o+d+de
to odene belimpa+d, sona hit wyr+d on berne +t+at to
+dam belimpa+d.
<R 4>
Ac ic l+are, +t+at he do, swa ic +ar cw+a+d: gyme +ag+der ge
+d+as selran ge +t+as s+amran, +t+at na+dor ne misfare,
gyf he wealdan m+age, ne corn ne sceaf, ne fl+asc ne
flotsmeru, ne cyse ne cyslyb, ne nan +dera +dinga
+de +afra to note m+age.
<R 5>
Swa sceal god scyrman his hlafordes healdan, do ymbe his
agen, swa swa he wylle.
<P 454>
<R 5.1>
A swa he gecneordra swa bi+d he weor+dra, gyf he wi+d witan
hafo+d his wisan gem+ane.
<R 6>
Symle he sceal his hyrmen scyrpan mid manunge to hlafordes
neode & him eac leanian be +dam +de hy earnian.
<R 7>
Ne l+ate he n+afre his hyrmen hyne oferwealdan, ac wille he
+alcne mid hlafordes creafte & mid folcrihte:
selre him his +afre of folgo+de +donne on, gyf hine magan
wyldan +da +de he scolde wealdan; ne bi+d
hit hlaforde r+ad, +t+at he +t+at +dafige.
<R 8>
+afre he m+aig findan, on +dam he m+aig nyt beon & +da nytte
don, +de him fylstan scylan; huru is m+ast neod,
+t+at he asece, hu he yrde m+age fyrme gefor+dian, +donne
+d+as tima sy.
<R 9>
Me m+aig in Maio & Iunio & Iulio on sumera fealgian,
myxendincgan ut dragan, lochyrdla tilian, sceap scyran,
bytlian, boteatan, tynan, tymbrian, wudian, weodian,
faldian, fiscwer & mylne macian.
<R 10>
on h+arfeste ripan, in Agusto & Septembri & Octobri mawan,
wad spittan, fela til+da ham g+aderian, +dacian, +decgan
& fald weoxian, scipena behweorfan & hlosan eac swa,
+ar to tune to sti+d winter cume,
& eac yr+de georne for+dian.
<R 11>
on wintra erian & in miclum gefyrstum timber cleofan, orceard
r+aran & m+anige inweorc wyrcean, +derhsan, wudu cleofan,
hry+deran styllan, swyn stigian, on odene
cylne macian ofn & aste & fela +dinga sceal to tune
ge eac henna hrost.
<R 12>
on l+angtene eregian & impian, beana sawan, wingeard settan,
dician, deorhege heawan & ra+de +after
+dam, gif hit mot gewiderian, mederan settan, linsed sawan,
wads+ad eac swa, wyrtun plantian & fela +dinga;
ic eal geteallan ne m+aig, +t+at god scirman bycgan sceal.
<R 13>
A he m+aig findan, hw+at he m+aig on byrig betan ne +dearf he
na unnyt beon, +donne he +d+ar
<P 455>
binnan bi+d: o+d+de hus godian, rihtan & weoxian & grep
hegian, dicsceard betan, hegas godian, weod wyrtwalian,
betweox husan bricgian, beoddian, bencian, horsan styllan,
flor feormian o+d+de synnes sum +ding +de to nyte m+age.
<R 14>
He sceal fela tola to tune tilian & fela andlomena to husan
habban.
<R 15>
+acse, adsan, bil, byrse, scafan, sage, cimbiren, tigehoc,
n+afebor, mattuc, ippingiren, scear, culter & eac gadiren,
si+de, sicol, weodhoc, spade, scofle, wadspitel, b+arwan,
besman, bytel, race, geafle, hl+adre, horscamb & sceara,
fyrtange, w+aipundern.
<R 15.1>
& fela towtola: flexlinan, spinle, reol, gearnwindan,
stodlan, lorgas, presse, pihten, timplean,
wifte, wefle, wulcamb, cip, amb, crancst+af, scea+dele,
seamsticcan, scearra, n+adle, slic.
<R 16>
And gif he smeawyrhtan h+af+d, +dam he sceal to tolan
fylstan: mylewerde, sutere, leodgotan & o+dran wyrhtan
+alc weorc sylf wisa+d, hw+at him to gebyre+d; nis
+anig man, +t+at atellan m+age +da tol ealle,
+de man habban sceal.
<R 17>
Man sceal habban w+angew+adu, sulhgesidu, ege+dgetigu & fela
+dinga, +de ic nu gen+amnian ne can, ge eac
mete, awel & to odene fligel & andlamena fela: hwer, lead,
cytel, hl+adel, pannan, crocca, brandiren, dixas, stelmelas,
cyfa, cyflas, cyrne, cysf+at, ceodan,
wilian, windlas, systras, syfa, s+adleap,
hriddel, hersyfe, t+amespilan, fanna, trogas, +ascena, hyfa,
hunigbinna, beorbydene, b+a+df+at, beodas,
butas, bleda, melas, cuppan, seohhan, candelstafas, sealtf+at,
sticfodder, piperhorn, cyste, mydercan, bearmteage, hlydan,
sceamelas, stolas, l+aflas, leohtf+at, blacern, cyllan,
sapbox, camb, yrsebinne, fodderhec, fyrgebeorh, meluhudern,
+alhyde, ofnrace, mexscofle.
<R 18>
Hit is earfo+de eall to gesecganne, +t+at se be+dencan sceal,
+de scire healt.
<R 18.1>
Ne sceolde he nan +ding forgyman, +de +afre to note mehte: ne
for+da musfellan ne, +t+at git l+asse is, to h+apsan pinn.
<R 18.2>
Fela sceal to holdan hames gerefan & to gemetf+astan manna
hyrde.
<R 19>
Ic gecende be +dam +de ic cu+de; se +de bet cunne, gecy+de
his mare.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O4 STA LAW WILLIAM>
<N LAW WILLIAM I>
<A X>
<C O4>
<O 1050-1150>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z STAT>

[^B14.57^]
<P 483>
<R 1>
Willelmes cyninges asetnysse.
<R 2>
Wilhelm cyng gret ealle +ta +te +dys gewrit to cym+d ofer eall
Englaland freondlice & beot & eac cy+d eallum mannum ofer eall
Angelcynn to healdenne, +t+at is.
Gif Englisc man beclypa+d +anigne Fr+anciscne mann to orneste
for +teofte o+d+de for manslihte o+d+de for
+anigan +tingan, +te gebyrige ornest fore to beonne o+d+de dom
betweox twam mannum, habbe he fulle leafe
swa to donne.
<R 1.1>
& gif se Englisca fors+ac+d +t+at ornest, +te Frencisca, +te
se Englisca beclypa+d, ladige hine mid a+te ongean hine mid
his gewitnesse +after Nor+dmandiscere lage.
<R 2>
Eft: Gif Frencisc man beclypa+d Engliscne man to orneste for
+dam ylcan +tingan, se Englisca be fulre
<P 484>
leafe hine werige mid orneste o+d+de mid irene, gif him +t+at
gecwemre by+d.
<R 2.1>
& gif he untrum by+d & nelle +t+at ornest o+d+de ne mage,
begyte him lahlicne spalan.
<R 2.2>
& gif se Fr+ancisca by+d ofercuman, he gyfe +tam cynge
III pund.
<R 2.3>
& gif se Englisca nele hine werian mid orneste o+d+de mid
gewitnesse, he ladige hine mid irene.
<R 3>
+at eallan utlaga +tingan se cyng gesette, +t+at se Englisca
ladige hine mid irene.
<R 3.1>
& gif se Englisca beclypa+d Frencisne mid utlagan +tingan &
wille hit +tonne on him geso+dian, se Fr+ancisca bewerie
hine mid orneste.
<R 3.2>
& gif se Englisca, ne durre hine to orneste beclypian, werige
hine se Fr+ancisca mid unforedan a+de.



<B CODOCU4>
<Q O2/4 XX DOC ROB2>
<N DOC ROB 2>
<A X>
<C O2/4>
<O 850-950>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D AM/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 4 (ROBERTSON).
ANGLO-SAXON CHARTERS.
ED. A. J. ROBERTSON.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1939.
PP. 2.22 - 4.14 (2)           (SAMPLE 1)
     
TEXT:  DOCUMENTS 4 (ROBERTSON, APPENDIX).
Idem.
PP. 226.1  - 230.5  (APP., 1) (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 230.11 - 236.23 (APP., 3)
PP. 236.24 - 238.25 (APP., 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B15.1.5^]
<P 2>
<R 1>
   +da +da w+aron agane fif hundred wintra & nigan &
hundeahtatig wintra fram Cristes gebyrtide Offa 
kyning on +tam an and +trittigan geare his kynedomes geu+te ane
hide landes +at Bradewassan into +tam 
mynstre on Wigrecestre +tam bro+tran to bryce a on ece swa
full & swa for+d swa he seolf h+afde.
<P 4>
<R 6>
Ic Offa +turh Cristes gyfe Myrcena kining +das mine geoue mid
rode tacne gef+astnige.
<R 7>
Ic Aldred Wigracestres undercining +tas ylce geoue
gef+astnige.
<R 8>
Ic Eadberht bisceop +tas ylce +ting gef+astnige.
<R 9>
Ic Berhtun +dis ylce gef+astnige.
<R 10>
+dis syndon +da landgem+ara into Bradewassan, of Temede
streame in wynna b+ace, of wynna b+ace in 
wudumor, of wudumore in w+atan sihtran, of +tam w+atan sice in
+da bakas & of +tam bacan in +da ealdan 
dic, of +d+are ealdan dic in seges mere & of seges mere in 
+t+as pulles heafod & of +dam heafde to 
+tornbrycge, of +dornbrycge in +tone pull & +after +tam pulle 
in baka brycge, of baka brycge in +t+at w+ate 
sicc & of +tam sice in foxb+ace, of foxb+ac+a in +tone
wulfsea+d, of +tam sea+de in +ta ealdan stihle, of 
+t+are stihle in dodh+ama pull, of +tam pulle eft in Temede
stream.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q O4 XX DOC ROBA1>
<N DOC ROB A1>
<A X>
<C O4>
<O 1050-1150>
<M 1050-1150>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B16.10.1^]
<P 226>
<R 1>
   Her swutela+d on +tissere Cristes bec hw+at Leofric biscop
h+af+d gedon innto sancte Petres minstre 
on Exanceastre +t+ar his bisceopstol is.
<R 3>
+t+at is +t+at he h+af+d geinnod +t+at +ar geutod w+as +turh
Godes fultum & +turh his forespr+ace & +turh his 
g+arsuma, +t+at is +arost +t+at land +at Culmstoke & +t+at
land +at Brancescumbe & +at Sealtcumbe & +t+at 
land +at Sancte Maria circean & +t+at land +at Stofordtune & 
+at Spearcanwille & +t+at land +at Morceshille &
Sidefullan hiwisc & +t+at land +at Brihtricesstane & +t+at
land +at Toppeshamme +teah+te Harold hit mid
unlage utnam & +t+at land +at Stoce & +t+at land +at
Sydebirig & +t+at land +at Niwantune & +at Nor+dtune &
+t+at land +at Clist +te Wid h+afde.
<R 11>
+donne ys +tis se eaca on landum +te he h+af+d of his agenum
+t+at mynster mid gegodod for his hlaforda 
sawlum & for his agenre +tam Godes +teowum to bigleofan +te
for heora sawlum +tingian sceolon, +t+at ys
+arost +t+at land +at Bemtune & +at Esttune & +at
Ceommenige & +t+at land +at Doflisc & +at Holacumbe & 
+at Su+twuda.
<R 16>
& he ne funde +ta he to +tam mynstre feng nan mare landes +te
+dider ynn gewylde w+are +tonne twa hida
landes +at Ide & +t+aron n+as orfcynnes nan mare buton VII
hru+deru.
<R 19>
+donne ys +tis seo oncnawennis +te he h+af+d God mid gecnawen
& sanctum Petrum into +tam halgan mynstre
on circlicum madmum.
<R 21>
+t+at is +t+at he h+af+d +tider ynn gedon ii biscop roda &
ii mycele gebonede roda butan o+drum litlum 
silfrenum swurrodum & ii mycele cristes bec gebonede &
iii gebonede scrin & i geboned altare & v 
silfrene caliceas & iiii corporales & i silfren pipe 
& v fulle m+assereaf & ii dalmatica & iii 
pistelroccas & iiii subdiacones handlin.
<R 27>
& iii canterc+appa & iii canterstafas & v 
p+allene weofodsceatas & vii oferbr+adelsas & ii
t+appedu & iii bera scin & vii setlhr+agel & iii
ricghr+agel & ii wahreft & vi m+asene sceala & ii
gebonede hn+appas & iiii hornas.
<R 31>
And ii mycele gebonede candelsticcan & vi l+assan
candelsticcan gebonede & i silfren storcylle mid 
silfrenum storsticcan & viii l+aflas 
<P 228>
& ii gu+dfana & i merc &
vi midreca & i firdw+an & i cyste & +t+ar 
n+aron +ar buton vii upphangene bella.
<R 34>
And nu +t+ar sind xvi upphangene & xii handbella & 
ii fulle m+assebec & i collectaneum & ii pistelbec
& ii fulle sangbec & i nihtsang & i adteleuaui & 
i tropere.
<R 38>
And ii salteras & se +triddan saltere swa man sing+d 
on rome & ii ymneras & i deorwyr+de bletsingboc &
iii o+dre & i englisc cristes boc & ii
sumerr+adingbec & i winterr+ading boc & 
(\regula canonicorum\) .
<R 41>
And martyrlogium & i canon on leden & i scriftboc 
on englisc & i full spelboc wintres & sumeres & 
Boeties boc on englisc & i mycel englisc boc be gehwilcum
+tingum on leo+dwisan geworht.
<R 44>
& he ne funde on +tam mynstre +ta he tofeng boca na ma
buton ane capitularie & I forealdodne 
nihtsang & I pistelboc & II forealdode r+adingbec 
swi+de wake & I wac m+assereaf.
<R 47>
& +tus fela leden boca he beget innto +tam mynstre, (\liber
pastoralis & liber dialogorum & libri 
IIII prophetarum & liber Boetii de consolatione & isagoge
Porphirii & I passionalis & liber 
Prosperi & liber Prudentii psicomachie & liber Prudentii 
ymnorum & liber Prudentii de martyribus & liber
Ezechielis prophete & cantica canticorum & liber Isaie
prophete\) onsundron (\& liber Isidori 
ethimolagiarum & passiones apostolorum & expositio Bede super
euuangelium Luce & expositio Bede super
apocalipsin & expositio Bede super VII epistolas canonicas 
& liber Isidori de nouo et ueteri 
testamento & liber Isidori de miraculis Christi & liber 
Oserii & liber Machabeorum & liber Persii &\)
Sedulies boc (\& liber Aratoris & diadema monachorum & glose
Statii & liber officialis Amalarii\) .
<R 60>
& ofer his d+ag he ann his capellam +tider binnan for+d mid
him silfum on eallum +tam +tingum +te he
silf dide mid Godes +deninge on +t+at gerad +t+at +ta Godes
+teowas +te +t+ar binnan beo+d +afre his sawle 
gemunon mid heora gebedum & m+assesangum 
<P 230>
to Criste & to Sancte Petre & to eallum +tam halgum +te +t+at
halige minster is fore gehalgod +t+at his sawle beo Gode +te
anfengre.
<R 65>
& se +te +das gyfu & +tisne unnan wille Gode & Sancte Petre
+atbredan si him heofena rice +atbroden &
si he ecelice geni+derod into helle wite.

<Q O4 XX DOC ROBA3>
<N DOC ROB A3>
<A X>
<C O4>
<O 1050-1150>
<M 1050-1150>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B16.26.4^]
<P 230>
<R 1>
   +dis is into Suttunes hundred, +tat is an hundred hida swa
hit w+as on +aduuardes deige kynges.
<R 2>
& +terof is gewered an & tuenti hide & twadel an hide &
fourti hide inland & X hide +tes kynges 
ahhen ferme land & VIII & XX hide weste & +triddel 
an hide.
<R 5>
   +tis is into Werdunes hundret, +t+at is an hundret hida swa
hit was on Eadwardes dege kynges.
<R 6>
& +terof is gewered XVIII hide buton are gearde & XL 
hide inland & I & XL hide weste & I gearde.
<R 9>
   +tis is into Klegele hundred, +t+at is an hundred hide swa 
it wes on Eadwardes dege kynges.
<R 10>
& +terof is gewered XVIII hide & fourti hide inland & 
II & XL hide weste.
<R 12>
   +tis is into Grauesende hundred, +t+at is an hundred hide 
swa it wes on Eadwardes dege kynges.
<R 13>
& +terof is gewered XVIII hide & I alfhide & V 
& XXX inland & V hid+a +tes kynges agen ferme land &
I & XL hide weste & I healf hide.
<R 15>
+tis is into Eadboldesstowe hundred, +t+at is an hundred hida
swa it wes on Eadwardes dege kynges.
<R 17>
& +terof is gewered III & XX hida & I healf hide & 
V & XL hide inland & V hide +tes kynges & XXVI 
hide weste & I healf hide.
<P 232>
<R 20>
   +tis is into Egelweardesle hundred, +t+at is an hundred hide
swa hit wes on Eadwardas dege kynges.
<R 21>
& +terof is gewered XVI hide & I healf hide & XL
hide inland & +at Nortune seue+de healf hide ne com
nan peni of, +t+at ah Osmund +tes kynges writere, & seuen &
XXX weste.
<R 25>
   +tis is into Uoxle hundred, +t+at is an hundred hida ealswa
hit was on Eadwardes dege kynges.
<R 26>
& +terof is gewered XVI hide & XXX hide inland & I
& XX hide +tes kynges ahhen land & III & XXX 
hide weste.
<R 29>
   +tis is into Uyceste hundred, +t+at is an hundred hida swa 
hit wes on Eadwardas dege kynges.
<R 30>
& +terof is gewered XVIIII hide & XL hide inland & 
XX hide +tes kynges ahhen land & I & XX hida 
weste.
<R 33>
   +tis is into Hocheshlawa hundred, +t+at is II & LX
hida +tus hit was on Edwardes dege kynges.
<R 34>
& +terof is gewered VIII hida & XV hida inland & 
VIIII & XXX hida weste.
<R 36>
   +tis is into Wilebroce hundred, II & LX hida +tus 
hit wes on Edwardes dege kynges.
<R 37>
& +terof his gewered VII hida & XI hida inland & 
XIII hida weste +tis is into +t+at healfe hundred &
+t+at healfe hundred eal unwered +t+at heah se kyng.
<R 40>
   +tis is into +tas twa hundred to Uptunegrene, fif sy+de
twenti hida & nige+da healf hida +tus it was
on Eadwardes dege kynges.
<R 41>
& +ter is gewered fifti hida & VII & XX hida inland 
& VIIII & XX hida weste & I healf hida & of V
si+de XX hid+a is +tridde healf hide unwered & +t+at heah
Ricard engaigne.
<R 45>
   +tis is into Nauereslund, twa hundred VIII sy+de 
twenti hide +tus hit wes on Eadwardes dege kynges.
<R 46>
& +tus micel is gewered into +tas twa hundred, +t+at is 
VIIII & XX hida & I hida & VIIII & fifti 
hida inland & twelfta healf hide westa & of +tas VIII 
sy+da twenti hida is VIII hida unwered & +t+at eah
si l+afdi +tes kynges wif.
<R 50>
   +tis is into N+eresforda hundred, II & LX hida 
+tus hit wes on Edwardes dege kynges.
<R 51>
& +tus micel is gewered XV hida & XIIII hida inland &
III & XXX hida westa.
<P 234>
<R 53>
   +tis is into Pocabroc hundred, II & LX hida +tus it 
was on Edwardas dege kynges.
<R 54>
& +ter is X hida wered & XX hida inland & II & 
XXX hida westa.
<R 56>
   +tis is into +det o+ter healfe hundred into Neowbotlegraue,
+t+at is o+der healf hundred hida +ter is 
inne fif & feorwerti hida buton an healf gearde wane sea land &
gewered.
<R 58>
& +ter is healf hundred hide & II & XX hide inland &
III & XXX hida & I healf gerde westa & +tus 
hit wes on Edwardes dege kinges.
<R 61>
   +tis is +t+at o+der healfe hundred into Gildesburh & +ter is
inne o+der healf hundred hida & +ter is XVI
hida sett & gewered.
<R 62>
& +ter is healf hundred hida & XVIII hide inland & +ter is
healf hundred hida & XVI westa & +tus 
hit wes on Eaduuard dege kynges.
<R 66>
   +tis is into Spelhoh hundred four sy+de twenti hida & X
hida & +ter is twenti hida & I alf hida sett
& gewered & fif & XX hida byrigland & into Habintune X
hida, Ricardes land, ne com nan peni 
of.
<R 69>
& into Multune VI hida, Willelmes land, ne com nan peni 
of & VIII & XX hida weste & an healf hida.
<R 71>
   +tis is into Hwiccleslea west hundred, +t+at syndon 
foursy+de XX hida & +tus hit wes on Edwardes dege
kynges & +terof is gewered X hida & fourti hit inland 
& XXX hida weste.
<R 74>
   +tis is into Hwicceslea east hundred, +t+at sindon foursy+de
XX hide ealswa hit was on Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 75>
& +terof is XV hide wered & +ter is four & XXX hide 
inland & I & XXX hide weste.
<R 77>
   +tis is into Stotfalde hundred, +t+at is an hundred hide swa
hit wes on Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 78>
& +ter is gewered of VIIII hide & I healf gerde & +ter 
is fourti hide inland & fifti hide weste & fer+de healf gerde.
<R 81>
   +tis is into Stoce hundred, +t+at is fourti hida swa hit 
weron on Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 82>
& +terof his gewered eahtetende healf hide & +alleofte healf
hide inland & XII hide weste.
<R 84>
   +tis is into o+der healfe hundred into Hehham, +t+at is 
o+der healf hundred hide swa hit wes on 
Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 85>
& +terof is gewered fifti hide buton an alf hide & four &
fourti hide inland & six & fifti hide 
weste & X hida mare +t+at li+d into Anfor+desho.
<R 88>
   +tis is into Malesl+e hundred, +t+at is foursi+de XX 
hida. & +terof is wered XII hide & +ter is XXX hide 
inland & +ter is XXX hide weste & +ter is VIII hide 
unwered +t+at ah se kyng.
<P 236>
<R 91>
   +tis is into Corebi hundred, +t+at is VII & XL hide 
swa hit wes on Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 92>
& +terof is gewered VIII healf hide & XII healf hide
inland & +ter is XII hide & I gerde +tes kynges
fermeland weste & unwered & V hide unwered +ta III 
hide eah +te +de Scotte kyng & o+ter healf hide
eah +ty l+afedi & Vrs I healf hide & XI hide weste buton
ane gerde.
<R 97>
   +tis is into Ro+dewelle hundred, +t+at is LX hida +tus hit 
wes on Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 98>
& +terof is X hide wered & XX hida inland & XV hide
unwered +ta seuen hide & I healf hide eah +de 
kyng & seuen hide & I healf hide eah +des kynges wif &
Rodbertes wif heorles & Willelm enganie.
<R 102>
   +tis is into Anduer+deshoh hundred, +t+at is IIII si+da 
twenti hida & X hida +tus hit was on Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 103>
& +terof is gewered V & XX hide inland & IX & 
XXX hide weste.
<R 105>
   +tis is into Ordlingb+are hundred IIII sy+de twenti hide 
+tus hit wes on Edwardes d+age kynges.
<R 106>
& +terof his gewered VIIII & XX hide & I healf 
hide & IIII & XX hide & I healf hide inland & V 
hide unwered +t+at eah Willelm enganie & Witeget preost & 
I & XX hide weste.
<R 110>
   +tis is into +t+at o+der healfe hundred into Wimereslea,
+t+at is o+der healf hundred hida swa hit wes
on Edwardes d+ages kynges.
<R 111>
& +terof is wered I & XL hide & III sy+de twenti 
hide inland & VIIII & XL hide weste.

<Q O4 XX DOC ROBA4>
<N DOC ROB A4>
<A X>
<C O4>
<O 1050-1150>
<M 1050-1150>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

[^B15.5.38^]
<P 236>
<R 1>
   Her swutelad on +tisum gewrite hwylce gerihta langon into
Tantune on +tam timan +te Eadwerd cing wes cucu & dead.
<R 3>
+t+at is +arest of +tam lande +at Nigonhidon seo mann redden
[^FOR THE COMPOUND mannredden^] into Tantune cirhsceattas &
burhgerihtu, heor+dpenegas & hundred penegas & teo+tung of 
+alcere hide eahta penegas, hamsocn & forsteall, gri+tbrice
& handfangen+teof, a+t & ordel, fyrdwite & eall swa oft swa
him ma bude to gemote he come of+te hine man badode.
<R 8>
Dunna wes +t+as biscopes mann to +tam 
<P 238>
timan +te Eadward cing w+as cucu & dead of +tam lande 
+at Acon & of Taalande & of twam Cedenon.
<R 10>
& he geaf to gerihton V circsceattas & heor+dpenegas &
hundredpenegas, hamsocne & forsteall, gri+dbrice 
& handfangenne +teof, a+t & ordel & +triwa secan gemot on
XII mon+tum.
<R 13>
& of Eaforde +ta ilcan gerihtu.
<R 14>
And Ealdre+d w+as +t+as biscopes mann of +tam lande +at Hele &
dyde +te ilcan gerihta +t+a ma dyde of Nigonhidon.
<R 16>
And of +tam fif hidon +at Baggabeorgan, III circsceattas &
burgerihta, heor+dpenegas & hundredpenegas 
& handfangene +teof, a+t & ordel, hamsocn & forsteall,
gri+dbrice & +treo motl+a+tu ungeboden on XII mon+tum.
<R 19>
Of Lidigerde, I circsceatt & eall +te geilcan gerihta +te
ma dyde of Baggabeorge.
<R 20>
Of Hylle, I circsceatt & burhgerihtu, heor+dpenegas &
hundre+dpenegas, hamsocne & for+dsteall, gri+dbrice 
& handfangene +teof, a+t & ordel & III gemot on geare
buton he hit gebicge o+t+te gebidde.
<R 24>
Of +t+are o+tre healfre hide +at twam Holaforda, II
circsceattas & eall +t+a geylcan gerihta +te ma de+d of Cedon.
<R 25>
+dises ys gewitnes, Gisa bisceop & +alfsie abbod & Wulgeat
abbod & +alfnod mynsterprauost & Wulfwerd wita 
& Godwine Eadwies sunu & +almer +t+as abbodes bro+tor &
+algelric +at Healswege & Heardinc Eadno+des sunu 
& Garmund & +alfric tigel & Ordgar se wite & +alfwerd
Leofsunes sunu & Brichtric se calewa & Dodda 
+at Curi & +almer werl & S+awold +at Iliacum & Wulfric +at
Pauleshele & Ealdred +at Sulfhere & Wulger +at 
Hiwerc & +ailwine wunge.



<B COPROGNO>
<Q OX/4 IS HANDA PROCC>
<N PROGN CCCC>
<A X>
<C OX/4>
<O X>
<M 1050-1150>
<K X>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB ASTRONOMY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  PROGNOSTICATIONS.
ED. M. FOERSTER.
1) 'BEITRAEGE ZUR MITTELALTERLICHEN
VOLKSKUNDE I', ARCHIV FUER DAS STUDIUM
DER NEUEREN SPRACHEN UND LITERATUREN
120 (1908); VI, 128 (1912); VII, 128 (1912);
VIII, 129 (1912); IX, 134 (1916).
2) 'DIE ALTENGLISCHEN TRAUMLUNARE',
ENGLISCHE STUDIEN, 60: 58-93, 1925-1926.

SAMPLE 1 (PROCC):
PP. 65.9   - 66.12   (A 128) (C.C.C.C. 391)
PP. 46.1   - 48.34   (A 120) (C.C.C.C. 391)
PP. 297.32 - 300.12  (A 128) (C.C.C.C. 391)
PP. 21.8   - 26.9    (A 129) (C.C.C.C. 391)
PP. 34.20  - 36.13   (A 129) (C.C.C.C. 391)
PP. 79.3   - 86.171  (ES 60) (C.C.C.C. 391)
SAMPLE 2 (PROH):
PP. 90.1   - 92.35   (ES 60) (BODL. HATTON 115)
PP. 270.2  - 293.352 (A 134) (BODL. HATTON 115)
PP. 43.3   - 45.6    (A 129) (BODL. HATTON 115)
PP. 56.3   - 58.3    (A 128) (BODL. HATTON 115)
SAMPLE 3 (PROCA):
PP. 32.34  - 34.18   (A 129) (COTTON CALIG. A XV)^]
                                        
<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B23.3.1.1^]
<P 65>
<R 1>
 Kiningum & ricum mannum bi+d mycel syb +ty geare.
<R 2>
 Gif +dy IIII d+age sunne scine+d, +tonne o+dbeore+d
olfendas mycel gold +tam +ametum, +te +tonne goldhord
heoldan sculon.
<R 3>
 Gif +dy V d+age sunne scine+d, mycle blostma & bl+ada,
mid mannum frecednes, & manna hus frecenessa
+trowia+d.
<R 4>
 [{+Dy{] VI d+age gif sunne scine+d, mycel meolc bi+d +ty
geare mid mannum.
<P 66>
<R 5>
 Gif +ty VII d+age sunne scine+d beorhte, drihten asent
mycle w+astmas on treowum on +tam geare.
<R 6>
 Gif +ty VIII d+age sunne scine+d beorhte, +tonne bi+d
cwicseolfer on Angelkynne y+dgeate.
<R 7>
 Gif on IX d+age sunne scine+d, God sende+d mycele
fugelo+d on +tam geare.
<R 8>
 Gif +dy X d+age sunne scine+d beorhte, s+a & ealle ea
beo+d mid fixum afylde.
<R 9>
 Gif +ty XI d+age sunne scine+d, +tonne bi+d mycel costung
dea+des mid mannum.
<R 10>
 Gif +ty XII d+age sunne scine+d, men beo+d wace on
mislicum brocum, & bi+d mycel sib.

[^B23.3.1.2^]
<P 46>
<R 1>
 On anweardne gear gif hit +tunre+d +arest on sunnand+ag,
se becna+d kyninges o+d+de biscopes dea+d, o+d+de 
m+anige ealdermen on +tam geare swelta+d.
<R 2>
 Gif +tunor bi+d gehered on monand+ag, se becna+d blodes gyte
on sume +deade.
<R 3>
 Gif on tiwesd+ag hyered hered, w+astmas beo+d gewanode.
<R 4>
 Gif on wodnesd+ag bi+t gehyred, se becland begena cwealm.
<R 5>
 Gif on +tunresd+ag bi+d gehyred, becna+d wifa hryre.
<R 6>
 Gif on friged+ag ge+tunra+d, +tonne getacna+d +t+at nytena
cwealm.
<R 7>
 Gif on s+aternesd+ag ge+dunra+d, +t+at tacna+d demena and
gerefena cwealm.
<P 47>
<R 8>
 Gif +tunor cume+d on forantniht, se cy+de+d hwylcehwugu
dea+dlicnesse towearde.
<R 9>
 Gif he cym+d on middeniht, se becna+d halie saule ofer
worulde farende.
<R 10>
 Gif he on d+ag cum+d, se ky+de+d kininges gebyrd o+d+d
biscopes.
<R 11>
 Gif +tunorrade bi+d hlynende of eastd+ale, se becna+d
cyninges dea+d o+d+d biscopes o+d+de mycel gefeoht.
<R 12>
 Gif he bi+d su+d gehered, se becna+d cininges wifes cwealm.
<P 48>
<R 13>
 +tonne +tunor cume+d west o+d+de nor+d, ma bi+d m+adena
+tonne cnihta +ty geate acenned: se nor+d+tunor becna+d 
scepa dea+d and cealfa and geogo+de.
<R 14>
 Gif +tunor bi+d mycel east o+d+de nor+deast, mycel w+astm
bi+d and god onriptid.
<R 15>
 Gif +dunor +at +t+are +triddan tide d+ages, he tacno+d Godes
gast cumende +tis middaneard to neosianne & to blisianne.
<R 16>
 Gif +tunor cum+d +at +t+are VI tide d+ages, he becna+d
+ahtnesse Cristes folces.
<R 17>
 Gif +dunor cum+d +at +t+are IX tide d+ages, se becna+d
gesib & genihtsumnesse.
<R 18>
 Gif +tunor cum+d +at +t+are X tide d+ages, from Gode
o+d+de from mannum se becna+d ege in +tam folce.
<R 19>
 Gif +tunor cym+d +at +t+are XII tide d+ages, hreohnessa &
stormas se becna+d.

[^B23.3.1.3^]
<P 297>
<R 1>
 Gif mon bi+d acennen on sunnand+ag o+d+de on nihte, swa
wer swa wif swahwe+der hit +tonne bi+d, nafa+d
he na mycle sorge, & he bi+d ges+alig be his gebyrde.
<R 2>
 Gif mon bi+t acenned on mannand+ag o+d+de on niht, he 
<P 298>
bi+d manna goda gitsiende & la+d & oft seoc & hunhal.
<R 3>
 Gif on tiwesd+ag o+d+de on niht bi+d accenned, se bi+d
+awfest & man+tw+are & gesibsum & manna leof.
<R 4>
 Gif on wodnesd+ag o+d+de on niht bi+d acenned, se bi+d scearp
on gewinne & w+arwyrde & grimful.
<R 5>
 Gif on +tunresd+ag o+d+de on niht, se bi+d ges+alig, &
wifmannum leof, gif hit w+ar bi+d, 
<P 299>
& wepnedmannum leof, hit wif bi+d.
<R 6>
 Gif mon bi+d acenned on friged+ag o+d+de on niht, he 
<P 300>
bi+d awyried from mannum, & he yfele cr+aftas leorna+d, 
& he +afre bi+d yfelwyrde, & o+dra manna +ahte
[{stryde+d{] , & bi+d scort on w+astmum.
<R 7>
 Gif mon bi+d acenned on s+aternesd+ag o+d+de on niht, se
gelimp d+ada, & bi+t ealdorman be his gebyrdum;
& him beo+t men +afestgendre, ac se +teahhwe+dre +ta costunge
+tera +afestgendra manna he oferswi+de+d.

[^B23.3.1.4^]
<P 21>
<R 1>
 On anre nihte ealdne monan +t+at cild, +t+at swa bi+d
acenned, +t+at bi+d liflic.
<R 2>
 On II nihte aldne monan, +t+at bi+d seoc & sicle.
<R 3>
 On III nihte aldne monan, se leofa+d lange.
<R 4>
 On IIII, +t+at bi+d on wur+dunge geond feola +deode.
<P 22>
<R 5>
 On V nihte aldne monan, +t+at geong swelta+d.
<R 6>
 On VI nihte, +t+at bi+d lang lifes ges+alig.
<R 7>
 On VII nihte ealdne monan, se leofe+d lange on wur+dunge.
<P 23>
<R 8>
 On VIII nihte, +t+at iung swelta+d.
<R 9>
 On IX nihte aldne, se bi+d frecenlice acenned.
<R 10>
 On X, se bi+d +trowere.
<R 11>
 On XI nihte aldne monan, se bi+d landes oferg+ange.
<R 12>
 On XII nihte aldne monan, se bi+d on allum +tingum
wur+dful.
<R 13>
 On XIII nihte, se bi+d +awfest & rihtwis.
<P 24>
<R 14>
 On XIIII nihte in allum +tingum he bi+d welgetyd.
<R 15>
 On XV, se geong swelta+d.
<R 16>
 On XVI se bi+d in allum +tingum nytwyr+de.
<R 17>
 On XVII nihte, se bi+d sona gewiten.
<R 18>
 On XVIII nihte, se bi+d earm & geswingful on his life.
<R 19>
 On XIX, on weor+dunge.
<R 20>
 On XX, +t+at bi+d sona gefaren.
<R 21>
 On XXI, +t+at bi+d on godre weor+dunge.
<R 22>
 On XXII, unheore feohtling.
<R 23>
 On XXIII, se bi+d +teof & scea+de.
<P 25>
<R 24>
 On XXIIII, se bi+d geswingful on his life.
<R 25>
 On XXV, se bi+d halsum in his lif.
<R 26>
 On XXVI, +t+at bi+d weorces g+alsa.
<R 27>
 On XXVII, se bi+d on frecnum +tingum acenned.
<P 26>
<R 28>
 On XXVIII, ne bi+d se na+der ne welig ne arm.
<R 29>
 On XXIX, se bi+d for-s+awen.
<R 30>
 On XXX, se bi+d freondli+de.

[^B23.3.1.5^]
<P 34>
<R 1>
 Se+de [{on{] [{anre{] nihte monan weor+de+d untrum, se
bi+d on +d+are adle swi+de geswenced.
<R 2>
 On II nihta monan, hra+de +after sare he arise+d.
<R 3>
 Gif on III he winne+d, & eft in +t+are untrumnesse se mon
swelte+d.
<R 4>
 Gif on IIII, he winne+d & eft arise+d.
<R 5>
 Gif on V, ne gedege+d +te +ta adle.
<R 6>
 Gif on VI, he winne+d & arise+d.
<R 7>
 On VII nihte aldne monnan, he sceal feala findan, butan
him mihtig God milde wur+te, f+arlice hine 
dea+d fram life al+ade+d.
<P 35>
<R 8>
 Gif he bi+d an VIII, ne leofe+d he na lange.
<R 9>
 Gif on IX, he bi+d lange seoc.
<R 10>
 Gif on X, on his heortan unh+alo cym+d, & he bi+d
fr+acno+d.
<R 11>
 Gif on XI, on langum sare he sarga+d, & he gelomlice his
h+alo hafo+d eft.
<R 12>
 Gif on XII, he winne+d & eft arise+d.
<R 13>
 On XIII, lytel sticce he lige+d seoc.
<R 14>
 On XIIII, he winne+d & arise+d.
<R 15>
 Gif on XV, fr+aclice bi+d his +ting.
<R 16>
 Gif on XVI, on +t+are stowe he arise+d.
<R 17>
 Gif on XVII, he swince+d & eft arise+d.
<R 18>
 On XVIII, he winne+d & eft arise+d.
<R 19>
 On XIX, he winne+d & arise+d.
<R 20>
 On XX, he arise+d.
<R 21>
 On XXI, he bi+d lange seoc.
<R 22>
 On XXII, r+adlice he hal arise+d.
<R 23>
 On XXIII, he arise+d.
<P 36>
<R 24>
 On XXIIII, he bi+d langa lama & swelte+d.
<R 25>
 On XXV, he hra+te arise+d.
<R 26>
 Gif on XXVI & on XXVII, frecne bi+d +t+as mannes
+ting, +t+at ifel unea+de befli+d.
<R 28>
 On XXVIII & on XXIX, he of +tam sare sone arise+d.
<R 30>
 Gif XXX, he bi+d lange seoc, +t+ahwe+dere arise+d.
+dis is eallum gem+ane iungum and ealdum.

[^B23.3.1.6^]
<P 79>
<R 1>
 +tonne se mone bi+d anre nihte eald, swahw+atswa +tu
gesihst, [{+t+ate{] kym+d to gesean.
<R 2>
 On twam nihtum & on iii, ne bi+d on +tam swefne ne 
<P 80>
god ne yfel.
<R 3>
 On iiii & on v +t+at bi+d god, wite +tu, +t+at on
+tinre heortan.
<R 4>
 On vi nihte monan, +t+at +de +tonne +dynce, +t+at +tu
geseo, sy +t+at f+ast on +tinum breostum, heald +te georne, 
+t+at +du +tone ge+tanc ne forleose.
<P 81>
<R 5>
 On vii nihte monan, swahw+atswa +te +tonne on eage
gebyre+d, +after langre tide cym+d seo geendung.
<R 6>
 On viii & on ix nihte, sona +te +atew+d, swahw+atswa
+te geswefna+d, gif +tu unrotnesse geseo, wend 
+tin heafud east, bide God are.
<R 7>
 On x nihte +tin swefen ag+a+d butan frecednesse.
<P 82>
<R 8>
 On xi nihte +t+at swefen kym+d to geafean.
<R 9>
 On twelf nihte & on xiii binnan iii nihtum +tu
gesihst, +t+at +de on swefne +ateowde.
<R 10>
 On xiiii nihte, nafa+d +t+at nane fremminge ne godes ne
yfeles.
<R 11>
 On xv nihte monan, scorte fulfremmednesse 
<P 83>
hafa+d +t+at swefen.
<R 12>
 On xvi nihte monan +after langere tide +t+at swefen
ag+a+d.
<R 13>
 On xvii & on xviii & on xix +t+at swefen bi+d god
& on manegum dagum geenda+d.
<R 14>
 On xx & on xxi nihte ceapunge & hwearfunge getacna+d
[^MS: & getacna+d^] .
<P 84>
<R 15>
 On xxii & xxiii, seo meting bi+d geteres ful &
geflites & costunge, ne bi+d +t+at god swefen.
<R 16>
 On xxiii nihte, +t+at getacna+d gefean & h+alo.
<R 17>
 On xxv & xxvi, towardlice fyrhtu & brogan +t+at
getacna+d, 
<P 85>
& on ix dagum o+d+de on x +t+ate bi+d 
+ateowed, ac wend east, bide God are.
<R 18>
 On xxvii & +te bi+d & on xxvii & on xxix, +t+at
swefen tacna+d ealne gefean, & eghwylcere agnesse & 
<P 86>
une+dnesse smyltnesse & gl+adnesse gehata+d.
<R 20>
 On xxx nihte aldne monan, efter twegra daga fyrste +t+at
swefen ag+a+d butan [{frecednesse{] .


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q OX/4 IS HANDA PROH>
<N PROGN HATTON>
<A X>
<C OX/4>
<O X>
<M 1050-1150>
<K X>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB ASTRONOMY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>

[^B23.3.6.1^]
<P 90>
<R 1>
 +d+are +aresten nyhte, +tonne niwe mone by+d ecymen, +t+at
mon +tonne in sweofne gesih+t, +t+at cyme+d to
gefean.
<R 2>
 +t+are +afteran niht & +tore +driddan nyht, ne byo+d +t+at
na+der ne god ne yfel.
<R 3>
 +d+are feor+dan nyht & +teora fiftan wene heo godre
gefremednesse.
<R 4>
 +t+are syxtan niht, +t+at +tu gesyxt, swa hyt byo+d, & +teo
wy+d eorfo+tu geoscilt.
<R 5>
 +tere seofo+dan nyht, +t+at +tu gesixt, swa hyt by+d, &
+after mycelre tyde ag+a+d.
<P 91>
<R 6>
 +t+are viii niht & +tere nigo+tan, ra+te +tu gesihst
swefn, +t+at bi+d able o+d+te trega.
<R 7>
 +tere nigo+dan niht +t+at +teo gemete+d, +t+at bio+d butan
festnesse.
<R 9>
 +teore xii niht & +teore xiii niht ine +trim dagum
+tu gesihst +tin swefn.
<R 10>
 +teore xiiii nihti ne hafa+d +tat nane gefremednesse.
<R 11>
 +teore xv niht hit hafa+d litle gefrem+adnesse.
<R 12>
 +teore xvi niht +after mycelre tide ag+a+d +tin sweofn.
<R 13>
 +dere xvii niht & xviii & nigontene in iii & c
[{um{] daga bi+d god swefn.
<R 14>
 +donne se mona bi+d xx niht & i & xx niht, +t+at bi+d
scir o+d+te ceap in +tem swefne toweard.
<R 15>
 +tonne heo by+d ii & xx niht eald, +t+at +tu gesihst, hit
lenge+d to gode gefean.
<P 92>
<R 16>
 +tonne heo bi+d iii & xx nihta eald, +t+at bi+d cid &
geflit.
<R 17>
 +donne heo bi+d iiii & xx nihta eald, & v & xx & vi &
xx nihta eald, +t+at bi+d weor+dlic ege, on nigon 
dagum o+d+te on x +tin swefn ag+a+d.
<R 18>
 +tonne heo bid vii & xx & viii & xx nihta eald, ealne
gefean +t+at bicne+d.
<R 19>
 +tonne heo bi+d ix & xx & fulle xxx nihta eald, +t+at
bi+d +afre buton fr+acnesse.

[^B23.3.6.8^]
<P 270>
<R 1>
 Gyf mon mete+d, +t+at he geseo earn on his heafod ufan
[^MS: unfan^] gesettan, +t+at tacna+d micel weor+dmynd.
<P 271>
<R 2>
 Gyf +te +tince, +t+at +tu geseo feola earna +atsamne, +t+at
by+d yfel ni+d.
<R 3>
 Gyf +te +tince, +t+at +tu geseo beon hunig beran, +t+at by+d
+t+at he on eadegum handum feoh gestreona+d.
<R 4>
 Gyf hine beon stingen, +t+at by+d, +t+at his mo+d by+d swi+de
onstired fram +al+teodegum mannum.
<R 5>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he geseo beon into his huse fleogan,
+t+at by+d +tes huses awestmas.
<P 272>
<R 6>
 Gyf him +tineg, +t+at he geseo fela fugla +atsamne, +t+at
by+d +afest & gecid.
<R 7>
 Gyf he fuglas geseog betwenan winnan, +t+at by+d, +t+at rice
hades winna+d heom beotweonan.
<R 8>
 Gyf his n+adre ehte, beorge him wy+d ifle wifmen.
<P 273>
<R 9>
 +tonne him +tynce, +t+at his earn ehte, +t+at bi+d ea+d.
<R 10>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he hine on hatum w+atere +twea, +t+at
by+d his lices tidernes.
<R 11>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he hine on cealdum weterum +twea, +t+at
by+d his lices h+alo & gesynto.
<R 12>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he hine on s+a ba+dige o+d+de +twea
+t+at by+d blisse.
<R 13>
 Gyf he f+ager weter geseo o+d+de oferf+are+t, +t+at by+d
orsorgnesse.
<P 274>
<R 14>
 Gyf hine mete+d, +t+at he drof w+ater geseo, ne deah +t+at.
<R 15>
 Gyf he gold finde+d, god swefn +t+at bi+d & yfel +tem+te hit
cynde ne bi+d.
<R 16>
 Gyf he mancas o+d+de penigas find+ag, +t+at bi+d +afst.
<R 17>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he penigas gesio & ne o+drine, god
+t+at bi+d, gyf he hie nime+d, ne deahg +t+at him.
<P 275>
<R 18>
 +donne him +tince, ar o+d+de isen, +t+at he habbe, +t+at bi+d
god.
<R 19>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he l+ad habbe, sum unwird him by+d
toweard.
<R 20>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he +at for+dgewitenum men ahtes onfo,
of unwenum him cyme+d gestreon.
<R 21>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he +at ricum men feos onfo, alysse
<P 276>
+d+at by+d broca.
<R 22>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at his hus burnat, micel bled & torhtnes
him by+d tow+aard.
<R 23>
 Gyf he oft byrnen, +t+at bi+d micellicu gestreon.
<R 24>
 Gyf man meteg, +t+at he his hus timbrie, +t+at by+d his
weaxnes.
<P 277>
<R 25>
 Gyf him +tinceg, +t+at his hus si toworpen, sum +afwela him
bi+d toweard.
<R 26>
 Gyf him +tinceg, +t+at he hwit hr+agl gesio, +t+at by+d micel
wur+dmind.
<R 27>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he his bearn scire, +tonne by+d his
broc litligende.
<P 278>
<R 29>
 +tonne him +tinceg, +t+at he micles heses gewald age, +tanne
ofercyme+d he +alle hise feond.
<R 30>
 Gyf hine meteg, +t+at he awiht beran geseo, +t+at by+d
ungerades.
<R 31>
 Gyf him +tinceg, +t+at he seo mid gerenode gyrdel 
<P 279>
sio gyrded, +d+at by+d anmodnes.
<R 32>
 Gyf hine m+ate, +t+at he hebbe beag, +t+at by+d, +t+at he
ge+tih+d healic ealdordom.
<R 33>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he habbe ruh lic, +tonne by+d his goda
waniend.
<R 34>
 Gyf hine mete, +t+at he ne m+age yrnan, miccel broc him 
by+d [\MS byd\] toweard.
<P 280>
<R 35>
 Gyf hine mete, +t+at he geseo blindne man geborenne, +t+at
by+d forl+atnesse his gode.
<R 36>
 +tonne him +tince, +t+at he spiwe, +t+at by+d swahw+atswa he
ana wiste, +t+at hit weor+d+a+d yppe.
<R 37>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he mid cyninge sprece, him cume+d
gefealucu tide & god.
<R 38>
 Gyf hine mete, +t+at he gebunden si, l+are ic hine, +t+at he
him beorge wy+d frecno +ting.
<R 39>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he stige on heah clif, +t+at tacna+d
god.
<P 281>
<R 40>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he of dune astige, broces del he
onfeh+t.
<R 41>
 Gyf hine mete, +t+at he mid his freondes wyfe h+ame, +t+at
by+d adle.
<R 42>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he mid his agene wife heme, +t+at by+d
god swefen.
<R 43>
 Gyf hine mete, +t+at he hine to gode gebidde, micel gyfe him
by+d toweard.
<P 283>
<R 54>
 +tonne him +tince, +t+at he fiscas geseo, +t+at by+d regn.
<R 55>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he bradne monan geseo, +t+at by+d god
swefn.
<P 284>
<R 56>
 Gyf mon mete, +t+at he hwit hors h+abbe o+d+de on ride, +t+at
by+d weor+dmind.
<R 57>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he on blacum horse ride, +t+at by+d his
goda modes eagnes.
<R 58>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he on redum horse ride, +t+at by+d his
goda wanigend.
<P 285>
<R 59>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he on fealawan horse ride +t+at by+d
god o+d+de gr+agan +t+at by+d god swefn.
<R 60>
 Gyf man mete+d, +t+at he w+ar slea, +t+at by+d gecid wy+d his
freond.
<R 61>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he o+d+derne slea, beorge he him georne
wyf fr+acno +ting.
<R 62>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he +teowas geseo, him byd toward.
<R 63>
 Gyf hine mete, deadne manan cysse, +t+at by+d lang lyf.
<P 286>
<R 64>
 +tonne him +tince, +t+at he geseo scyp yrnan, god +arende him
by+d towerd.
<R 65>
 Gyf hine mete, hnyte somnie, god +t+at by+d.
<R 66>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he o+d+derne cysse, god +t+at bio+d.
<R 67>
 Gyf hine mete, +t+at he hunig +ate o+d+de geseo, +t+at by+d
+angnes.
<R 68>
 Gif him +tince+d, +t+at he bellan geseo o+d+de gehire,
weor+dmind him by+d toweard.
<R 69>
 Gyf hine mete, +t+at he cirican geseo o+d+de singan 
<P 287>
gehire micel god +t+at tacna+d.
<R 70>
 Gif him +tince, +t+at he iseo man mid w+apnan gewundodne,
ymbhidig forg +t+at by+d.
<R 71>
 Gyf him +tince, +t+at he w+apen wege, +t+at by+d orsorh.
<P 290>
<R 82>
 Gyf man m+ate, +t+at he seon ne m+age, l+ar ic hine, +t+at he
him his eahtent beorge.
<R 83>
 Gyf man m+ate, +t+at he seo lac o+d+de godweb h+abbe, god hit
by+d & hwilum l+aasung.
<P 291>
<R 84>
 Gyf mon me+a, +t+at he filed sy, god +t+at by+d.
<R 85>
 Gyf man mete, +t+at he weor+dlice gerestod sio, god +t+at
by+d.
<R 86>
 Gyf man m+ate, +t+at he feola swysa +atsamne geseo, +tonne
m+ag he hine wenen broces.
<R 87>
<P 292>
<R 88>
 Gyf man m+ate, +t+at he henne +ageru h+abbe o+d+d +ticge, ne
deah hym +t+at.
<R 89>
 Gyf mon mete, +t+at he g+at ge-seo, +tonne m+ag he wenan +t+as
la+d-wendan feondes him on +aweste.
<R 90>
 Gyf mon m+ate, +t+at he feola stod-horsa habbe o+d+de ge-seo, 
awest-nesse his goda +d+at tacne+d.
<R 91>
 Gyf man mete, +t+at he fela gosa h+abbe, god +t+at by+d.
<R 92>
<P 293>
<R 93>
 Gyf man m+ate, +t+at he piper ete, ne deah +t+at.
<R 94>
 Gyf mon mete, +t+at he fyled sp+aren ge-seo +atsamne, +tonne
by+d +t+at, +t+at he on his feondum his willan ge-wryh+d.
<R 95>
 Gyf mon mete, +t+at he win drince, hele hym by+d toweard.
<R 96>
 Gyf man m+ate, +t+at he byrnende candele on handa habbe, 
god +t+at by+d.
<R 97>

[^B23.3.6.9^]
<P 43>
<R 1>
 On annihte monan f+ar to cyninge & bidde +tes +tu wille,
ge +t+at [{gif+d{] [^MS: g~ fe+d^] , gang in to him on +ta 
+tridda tid +tes deges o+d+d +tonne +tu wyte, +t+at s+a si ful.
<R 2>
 On II nihte monan gang +tonne & byge land, +t+at +tine
yldran +ar ahton, +tonne meht +tu hit alesan; And 
on II nihte mona he by+d god to f+aranne on o+der land
& wyf to onfonne to riht life.
<R 3>
 On III nihtte monan far +tonne on +tin land & +tu hys
+tonne wel gewaldest, & sec +tine freonde, & he 
beo+d bly+de, & III nihta mona by+d god an to fixanne.
<R 4>
 On IIII nyhta monan sibba +ta cidenda men, & +tu hie
gesibbast, & on +tone d+ag sec +tine fiend, & +tu 
hie gemetest, & hi gebeo+d gewaldne; Se IIII nihta mona
se by+d god +t+am ergendan hys sul ut to done, 
& +tem grindere his cweorn, & +tem cipemen hys cipinge
to anginnane.
<R 5>
 On V nihte monan gang to +tinum +teahtere, & he +tonne
<P 44>
+te in eallum +tingum wel ge+tenge+d, & sec on 
+tone d+ag +tine frend, & se+teo stela+d on +tone d+ag, ne
geahsa+d hit manna.
<R 6>
 On VI nihtne monan do +tonne hig on +tin be+d, +donne
hafast +tu +t+aron nenige wunelic sar, ac +tu +ter
byst gefeonde, he is eac god circan on to timbrane & eac
scipes timber on to anginnanne.
<R 7>
 On VII nihtne monan bidde +tine laford, he +te sele+d;
and gyf +tu wille fedan cynigas bearn o+d+de +a+deles 
monnes, geleod hine in +tin hus & in +tines hiredes, &
fed hine, +tonne by+d +te +t+at god; Se VII 
nihta mona is god on to fixiane & +a+deles monnes wergild
an to manianne.
<R 8>
 Se VIII nihta monan geuntruma+d, ne leofa+d he lange, ac
he ys god on o+der land to feranne & wyf to brigane.
<R 9>
 On IX nihtte monan, fer to cyniges bene, gang in to him
+at fulre seo, +tonne byst +tu gesundful wy+d hine.
<R 10>
 On X nihtne monan bidde swahwasswa +tu wylle, hyt +te
byo+d gere; Se X nihta mona he ys god to standanne 
mid +a+delum monnum & to sprecanne hymb heora weorc,
& eac byscop an to cesane & ealdormen & cynigas.
<R 11>
 On XI nihta eald mona f+ar on swahwelce healfe
middangeardes swa +tu wylle, ne sce+d +te n+anig wiht
ne man dior, & he by+d god an to cwellanne micle fixas on
s+a.
<R 12>
 On XII nihte monan by+d god to feranne ofer s+a & on hird
to ferenne & +aac to gewyfianne.
<R 13>
 On XIII nihte mone +ald f+ar in niwe hus, & nim eal mid
+teo +trio fata ful +ales & meolce, & hyt by+d 
+aac god ceap to milciane.
<R 14>
 On XIIII nihte monan is god +alc telge to anginnanne
+arest & on niwne hired to f+arenne & preost 
to halgiene & nunnan halig ref to anfone.
<R 15>
 On XV nihte monan hys god to fixianne & huntum heortas to
secanne & wildeswin.
<P 45>
<R 16>
 On XVI nihte monan far offer s+a & site on +tes scipes
for+dstefna, +donne geseces +tu +t+at land, swa
+teo leofest beo+d & freond findest begeondan +t+am s+a, &
he is god hordern on to sc+awiene & minster
to gereranne & to s+attenne.
<R 17>
 On XVII nihte mone, gyf +tu wylle hus timbran, ber +t+at
timber.

<Q OX/4 IS HANDA PROH>
<N PROGN HATTON>
<A X>
<C OX/4>
<O X>
<M 1050-1150>
<K X>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB ASTRONOMY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>

[^B23.3.6.5^]
<P 56>
<R 1>
 Her segh ymb drihtnes gebyrd, ymb +ta xii niht [{his{]
tide.
 Gyf se wind byo+d on +ta forma niht gehadode weras swelta+d.
<R 2>
 +t+are +afteran niht & +tere +triddan niht bi+d win+d, +tonne
wespnas forweor+da+d.
<R 3>
 +teore feor+dan niht gif wind by+d, lef by+d lytel.
<R 4>
 +d+are V niht gif wind by+d, +tonne by+d frecne on seo, &
scipu forweor+da+d.
<R 5>
 +dere VI niht gif wind by+d, +donne adla byo+d +ty geare
on eor+dan mislica.
<P 57>
<R 6>
 +dere VII niht gyf win byo+d, fir by+d swy+de ryfe +ty
geare.
<R 7>
 +dere VIII niht gyf win byod, +tonne +alde men swelta+d.
<R 8>
 +dere IX niht gyf win by+d, scep swelta+d.
<R 9>
 +d+are X niht gyf win by+d treow byo+d fornerwede.
<R 10>
 +d+are XI niht gyf wind byo+d, +aale nyetenu 
forweor+da+d.
<P 58>
<R 11>
 +tonne XII niht gyf wind by+d, +tonne byo+d micel
gefeoht on eor+dan.

<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q OX/4 IS HANDA PROCA>
<N PROGN CALIG>
<A X>
<C OX/4>
<O X>
<M 1050-1150>
<K X>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB ASTRONOMY>
<G GLOSS>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>

[^B23.3.2.1^]
<P 32>
<R 1>
 (\Luna I qui inciderit, difficile euadet\) .
Se +te afeal+d, earfo+dlice he +atwint.
<R 2>
(\Luna II, cito consurget\) ra+de he aris+t.
<R 3>
(\Luna III, non euadet\) he ne +atwint.
<P 33>
<R 4>
(\Luna IIII, laboret et surget\) he swinc+d and aris+d.
<R 5>
(\Luna V, tricabit et surget\) he sipa+d and aris+d.
<R 6>
(\Luna VI, non euadet\) he ne +atwint.
<R 7>
(\Luna VII, medicina sanabitur\) mid l+acedome he bi+d
geh+aled.
<R 8>
(\Luna VIII, diu languet et surget\) lange he adla+d and
aris+d.
<R 9>
(\Luna IX, languet\) he adla+d.
<R 10>
(\Luna X diu egrotat\) lange he sicla+d.
<R 11>
(\Luna XI, periculo periclitat\) on frecednesse he dyrf+d.
<R 12>
(\Luna XII, surget\) he aris+t.
<R 13>
(\Luna XIII, aliquot tempus egrotat\) sumne timan he siccla+d.
<R 14>
(\Luna XIIII, laborat et surget\) he swinc+d and aris+t.
<R 15>
(\Luna XV periclitat\) he dyrf+d.
<R 16>
(\Luna XVI, locum mitabit et surget\) stowe he awent and
aris+d.
<R 17>
(\Luna XVII, tricabit et surget\) he sipa+d and aris+t.
<R 18>
(\Luna XVIII, laborabit et surget\) he swinc+d and aris+d.
<R 19>
(\Luna XIX, similiter\) eall swa.
<R 20>
(\Luna XX, similiter\) eall swa.
<R 21>
(\Luna XXI, rem adiuuabit\) +dingc he fultuma+d.
<P 34>
<R 22>
(\Luna XXII, languet et surget\) he adla+d and aris+t.
<R 23>
(\Luna XXIII, similiter\) eall swa.
<R 24>
(\Luna XXIIII, diu languet\) lange he adla+d.
<R 25>
(\Luna XXV, languet et morietur\) adla+d and he swelt.
<R 26>
(\Luna XXVI, languet\) he adla+d.
<R 27>
(\Luna XXVII, tricabit et surget\) he sipa+d and aris+t.
<R 28>
(\Luna XXVIII, eger multum iacebit et morietur\) seoc swi+de
he li+d and swylt.
<R 29>
(\Luna XXIX, eger euadet\) seoc +atwint.
<R 30>
(\Luna XXX, eger laborabit et surget\) seoc he swinc+d and
aris+d.



<B CODICTS>
<Q O3/4 IS PHILO DICTS>
<N DICTS CATO>
<A X>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T PHILOSOPHY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE OLD ENGLISH DICTS OF CATO.
ED. R. S. COX.
ANGLIA, 90: 1-42, 1972.
PP. 5.20 - 16.28^]

[^B7.1^]
<P 5>
<R 1.1>
Ne beo +tu to sl+apor ne to idelgeorn, for+dam +te se sl+ap
& +t+at idel fet un+deawas & unh+alo +t+as 
lichoman.
<R 1.2>
+d+at we cwe+da+t, +t+at seo betst +after gode +t+at mon sie
gesceadwis & gemetgian cunne +ag+der ge his 
spr+ace ge his swigan, & wite hw+anne he gespr+acan h+abbe &
hwonne him geandwyrd sie.
<R 1.3>
+donne +du o+terne mon t+ale, +donne ge+denc +du +t+at nan
mon ne bi+d leahterleas.
<R 1.4>
+deah +din wif +de hw+ane to wrege, ne gelyf +tu to hra+de,
for+tam +te hie weor+da+d oft manegum to 
feonda, for+dam +te  
<P 6>
he bi+d +t+am hlaforde holdra +tonne hira,
for+dam hi oft hatia+d +t+at se hlaford lufa+d.
<R 1.5>
Ne flit +du wi+d anwilne monn, ne wi+d oferspr+acne; manegum
menn is forgifen +d+at he spr+acan m+ag, & 
swi+de feawum +t+at he seo gesceadwis.
<R 1.6>
Wite +d+as maran +danc +de +du h+abbe +donne +d+as +te +de
monn gehate ne hopa +tu to swi+de to +dam +de +te mon
gehate: +d+ar lytel gehaten bi+d, +t+ar bi+d lytel alogen.
<R 1.7>
Ne beo +du to anwille, for+dam +te is geliclicra +t+at +du
seo mid rihte oferst+aled, +tonne +du oferst+ale
o+derne mid woghe; +t+at bi+d s+a m+aste weor+dscype, +t+at
monn cunne ryht gecnawan & hit +donne wille 
ge+dafian.
<R 1.8>
Sprec ofter embe o+dres monnes weld+ade +tonne emb +dine
agna, & cy+d +da manegum monnum.
<R 1.9>
+donne +tu eald sie & manegra ealdra cwydas & lara geaxod
h+abbe, gedo hi +donne +dam giongan to 
witanne.
<R 1.10>
+teah +te monn hwelces yfeles onhlige, & +tu +de unscyldigne
wite, ne rex +du hw+at hi r+aden o+d+de 
runien; heo teo+d +te +t+as +de hie him sylfe +denca+t.
<R 1.11>
+tonne +tu geselgost sio, +tenc +tonne +t+at +tu m+age
unsel+da ge+dolian gif heo +de on becumen: for+dam +te
se ende & +t+at angin ne bi+d ealne weg gelic.
<P 7>
<R 1.12>
Ne hopa +du to o+tres monnes dea+de: uncu+d hwa lengest
libbe.
<R 1.13>
+deah +te earm friond lytel sylle, nim hit to miccles
+tances.
<R 1.14>
Gif +du earm weor+de, ge+tenc +t+at +du hit ea+de ge+tolie:
ge+tenc +t+at +te +tin modor nacodne geb+ar.
<R 1.15>
Ne ondr+ad +tu +te dea+d to swi+de; ne geleofa+d monn noht
myrges +ta hwile +de he him dea+d ondr+at.
Ne forgit +tu hine +teah ealne weg, +ty l+as +tu +tolige
+t+as ecan lifes.
<R 1.16>
Gif +de mon mid yfele leanige +t+at +tu to gode do, ne wit
+tu hit no gode, ac warena +te sylne.
<R 1.17>
+dy oftor mon gehylt +t+at he h+af+d, gif he him ondr+at
+t+at hit o+tsceote; +dy mon d+al+d sp+arlice +te mon
nyle +t+at hit forb+arste.
<R 1.18>
Gif +du bearn h+abbe, l+ar +ta cr+aftas, +t+at hie m+agen be
+ton libban; uncu+d hu him +at +ahtum ges+ale.
Cr+aft bi+d b+atera +tonne +aht.
<R 1.19>
Ne gehat +tu nan +tinge twia: hw+at sceal hit +te eft
gehaten, buton hit w+are +ar alogen.
<P 8>
<R 1.20>
Ne becyp +du +tin wiotod on wen: wite maran +tanc +d+as +te
+du h+abbe, +tonne +t+as +te +tu +te wene.
<R 1.21>
Ne beo +du to yrsigende: of yrsunge wex+d hatunge, & of
+d+are ge+tw+arnisse lufu.
<R 1.22>
+d+ar +t+ar +tu niede yrsian scyle, gemetga +t+at +teah.
<R 1.23>
Forb+ar oft +d+at +tu ea+de wrecan m+age: ge+dyld bi+d middes
eades.
<R 1.24>
Help +ag+der ge cu+dum ge uncu+tum +t+ar +tu m+age; uncu+d
hw+ar hwa o+tres +durfe.
<R 1.25>
Ne wilna +tu ofer +tine m+a+d to witanne embe +ta hiofenlican
+tincg; for+ton +du eart eor+dlic mon, axa 
+te +after +tam.
<R 1.26>
Ne beo +du on +tinum yrre to anwille, for+ton +t+at yrre oft
amyrre+d monnes mod +t+at he ne m+ag +t+at ryht gecnawan.
<R 1.27>
Beo gehealden on +d+am +te +du h+abbe: unpleolicre hit bi+d
on lytlum scipe & lytlum w+atre, +tonne on 
micclum scipe & micclum w+atre.
<R 1.28>
Ne wen +tu na +t+at se yfla auht godes gestryne mid his yfle,
for+dam +teah hit sume hwile forholen 
beo, hit bi+d +at sumum cyrre open.
<P 9>
<R 1.29>
+donne +tu geseo gingran mann +donne +du sie, & unwisran &
unspedigran, +tonne ge+tenc +du hu oft se 
ofercym+d o+terne, +de hine +ar ofercom: swa mann on ealdum
bigspellum cwi+d, +t+at hwilum beo esnes tid, hwilum o+dres.
<R 1.30>
Ne sec +du no +turh lietas hu +te gewur+dan scyle, ac do swa
+du betst m+age; ea+de ger+ade+t god his 
willan be +de & +tine +dearfe, +teah he hit +te +ar ne secge.
<R 1.31>
Forl+at +t+at +tu n+abbe to o+tres monnes gode andan, for+dam
+tu swencst +de sylfne swi+dor +tonne hine.
<R 1.32>
Ne beo +tu ormod +teah +de sie unriht gedemed; lyt monna
wyr+d longe f+agen +t+as +de he o+derne bewrenc+d.
<R 1.33>
Gif +du wi+d hwone sace h+abbe, & git +tonne gesemede
weor+den, ne wrec +tu no +da +arran yfelo, buton 
hie mon eft niwige.
<R 1.34>
Ne do +du nau+der: ne +de sylfne ne here, ne +de sylfne ne
leah: +ag+der +tara is dysigra manna +deaw, +te
swinca+d +after leasgylpe.
<R 1.35>
+t+at is heah wisdom +t+at wis mon liccette dysig, & +t+at is
+d+at m+aste dysig, +t+at dysig monn liccette
wisdom.
<R 1.36>
Swa mon ma spric+d, swa him l+as monna gelyf+d.
<P 10>
<R 1.37>
Gif +tu hw+at on +tin druncen misdo, ne wit +tu hit no +dam
ealo+d, for+don +du his weolde +te sylf.
<R 1.38>
Nafa +du to yfel ellen, +teah +de hwylc unwilla becume; oft
brinc+d seo wyrd +tone willan, +de eft bi+d andergylde.
<R 1.39>
Ne wur+de +te n+afre to +tys wa, +t+at +du +te ne wene
betran, for+ton +te se wena +te ne forl+at n+afre 
forweor+dan.
<R 1.40>
Ne ceos n+anne monn be his +ahtum, ne +dina agna ne amyr;
monig mon h+af+d micel feax on foran heafde
& wyr+d +teah f+arlice calu.
<R 1.41>
Bisna +te be sumum menn, for +tam +te +alces monnes lif bi+d
sumes monnes lar.
<R 1.42>
Ne forswiga +tu no +t+at untala gedon sie, +tyl+as +te menn
wenan +d+at hit +te licige.
<R 1.43>
Gif +de mon mid ryhtre scylde brocige, ge+dola hit wel & beo
his wel ge+dafa.
<R 1.44>
Sprec +de gemetlice & eac swa geb+ar, +dy l+as +te monn
leasunga tio +t+ar +tu wene +t+at +du +tina cysta cy+de.
<P 11>
<R 1.45>
Ne hlyst +du no ungesceadwises monnes worda, for+tam h+af+d
monig man +done un+deaw, +t+at he ne con nyt
sprecan & ne m+ag +teah geswugian.
<R 1.46>
Ne rec +du weamodes wifes worda, for +tam +de heo +te wile
oft mid wope beswican.
<R 1.47>
Ne ondr+ad +tu +de dea+d to swi+de for nanum wite; +deah he
+de ful god ne +dynce, he bi+d +alces yfles 
ende, & ne cym+d he n+afre ma.
<R 1.48>
Forseoh +disse worlde wlenca gif +du wille beon welig on
+dinum modo, for+dam +ta +de +d+as welan gitsia+d
hie bio+d symble w+adlan & iermengas on heora mode; ac bio
gehealden on +dinum gecynde: +tonne h+afst
+tu +afre genoh.
<R 1.49>
Gif +du +din agen amyrre, ne wit +du hit no gode ac warena
+de sylfne.
<R 1.50>
Bruc +tinra +ahta +ta hwile +te +du hal sie; se unhala
gitsere ah +t+at feoh & nah hine sylfne.
<R 1.51>
Ge+tola +tines hlafordes yrre & +tines lareowes & his word
swi+de wel, +teah he +de cide.
<R 1.52>
Gif +de +dynce +t+at +du to wr+ane sie, wit +t+at +tinre
ceolan,  
<P 12>
for+tam seo ceole is +d+are wambe freond, 
+tanon +te cuma+d +ta unnyttan lustas.
<R 1.53>
Dysig mon him ondr+at nietenu & wulfas, & ne ondr+at +tone
mon +de hine tala l+ar+d.
<R 1.54>
Gif +tu strengo h+abbe, bruc +d+are to nytte.
<R 1.55>
Gif +du wille godne hlisan habban, ne f+agna +du nanes
yfeles.
<R 1.56>
Liorna a hw+athugu; +deah +de +tine ges+al+da forl+atan, ne
forl+att +te no +tin cr+aft.
<R 1.57>
Ne beo +tu to oferspr+ace, ac hlyst +alces monnes worda
swi+de georne: for+dam +ta word geopeniga+d 
+alces monnes willan & his +teawas, +teah hie heo hwilum 
behelien.
<R 1.58>
Gif +du hwylcne cr+aft cunne, bega +tone georne: swa swa
sorga & embhogan geycan monnes mod, swa 
geyc+d se cr+aft his are.
<R 1.59>
Leorna a hw+athwugu +at +dam wisran, +t+at +tu m+age l+aran
+tone unwisran: +ag+der +tara is swi+de nytt weorc
& gerisenlic.
<R 1.60>
Gif +du wylle hal beon, drinc +de ged+aftlice; +alc oferfyll
& +alc idel fett unh+alo.
<P 13>
<R 1.61>
Ne l+at +tu no unlofod +t+at +tu swytele ongite +t+at
licwyr+de sie. +t+ar +te oht tweonige, lofa +t+at gemetlice, 
+ty les +te mon leasunga teo.
<R 1.62>
Ne truwa +tu no smyltum w+atre, ne bilwitne monn ne forsioh:
oft stille w+ater sta+du brece+d.
<R 1.63>
Ongin +t+at +te to onhagige, for treowlicre is be st+a+de to
rowenne +tonne ut on s+a to seglianne.
<R 1.64>
Gif +de +at s+al+dum to s+ale, ahcsa +de hw+a+der +anegum +ar
swelc ges+alde; +donne meaht +du hit +dy e+d ge+dolian.
<R 1.65>
Ne flit +du no wi+d ryhtwisne mon & wi+d unscyldigne,
for+tam +te god wric+d unrihte domas.
<R 1.66>
+teah +te +tin eald gefera abelge, ne forgit +tu gif he +te
+afre +ar gecwemde.
<R 1.67>
+are mid +tinum oxum & offra mid +tinum recelse: dysige
bio+d +ta men +te wena+t +t+at hie cwemon gode 
+donne hie cwella+d hiora oxan.
<R 1.68>
+alce d+age +du bist onnou+de, +alce d+age +du scealt gode
+toncian +tines lifes.
<P 14>
<R 1.69>
+teah +de monig mon herige, ne gelyf +du him to wel, ac
ge+tenc +te sylf hw+at his so+des sie.
L+at +de sceamian +d+as hlisan, gif +de monn on lioge; f+agne
+t+as, gif +de mon so+d on secge & +teah gemetlice.
<R 1.70>
Mencg a +ta blisse wi+d +t+are unrotnesse; for+tam gif hiera
o+der bi+d oht longe butan o+drum, +tonne bi+d
his ungemet, & +du meaht +te uny+d onberan +t+as +de
onbecyme+d; for+don hira nau+der ne m+ag bion +altewe
buton o+drum, +don ma +de w+at m+ag bion butan drygum, o+t+te
wearm buton cealdum, o+d+de leoht butan +dystrum.
<R 1.71>
Liorna manega bec & gehyr monig spell; wite +deah hwylcum
+tu gelyfan scyle: feola writa+d menn ungelyfedlices.
<R 1.72>
Ne mer +du +d+at +du h+abbe, +dy l+as +te ge+dearfige to
o+dres  monnes.
<R 1.73>
Ne rec +du to swi+de hu sio wyrd wandrige; se +de fullice
+das world forsih+d, ne ondr+at he him noht swi+de dea+d.
<R 1.74>
+donne hit +afre ge+dw+arost sio, ondr+ad +te +donne
unge+dw+arnesse, & +tonne hit +de frecnost +tynce, wen 
+de +tonne frofre & s+al+da.
<R 1.75>
Bio a getriowre +tonne +te mon to gelyfe, +ty les menn wenen
+d+at +tu nane trio+de n+abbe buton wi+d leasan.
<R 1.76>
Se +de him ealne weg ondr+at, se bi+d swylce he sie ealne
weg cwellende.
<P 15>
<R 1.77>
Gif +du +de wille don moniges beteran, +tonne do +tu +de anes
wyrsan.
Gif +du wylle +t+at +de monige ol+acon, +tonne ol+ace +du
anum swi+de georne.
Gif +du +tonne nylle nanum ol+acan,  forl+at +tonne eal +d+at
+tu age buton wiste & w+ada & to  swylcum tool
swylce +du cunne; ol+ace +tonne gode anum  & ne wilne nanes
monnes ol+acunga.
<R 1.78>
Gif +tu wilt +at manegum menn habban +t+at +de lica+d, +tu
scealt eac +at monegum menn ge+dolian +t+at +te ne lica+d.
Gif +du wilt +at anum menn habban +t+at +te lica+d, +tu scealt
him oft ge+dafian +d+at +te ne lica+d.
Ne meaht +du +at nanum menn habban his good, buton +tu m+age
hwilum his yfel ge+dafian: for+dam +te nan
+tincg nis ful good buton gode anum.
<R 1.79>
Styr +teah +alces yfles swa +tu swi+dost m+age, swa +deah
+t+at +tu hit to wyrsan ne gebringe: ne bi+d +t+at
yfel to nohte gebet, +de bi+d to wyrsan gebroht.
Gemet ne sec+d nan selre.
<R 1.80>
Gif +anig mon bi+d a +de unwior+dra +te hine monig wis mon
forsih+d, +donne bi+d +alc dysig mon +te 
unweor+dra +de he mare rice h+af+d.
<P 16>
<R 1.81>
Se +de anwaldes wilna+d ofer his hlaford, for twam +tingum
he his wilna+d: o+der twegra, o+t+te he wile
+tone hlaford lecgan under hine, setlian him mid +t+at he
sitte sylf +de ufor; o+d+de he wolde +tone 
hlaford hebban upp ofer hine sylfne & stigan himsylf +after &
eac on hangian, scufan +deah simle +done hlaford beforan.
[^TORONTO CORPUS INCLUDES 39 WORDS FROM VESP.D.XIV., OMITTED 
FROM COX'S EDITION^]
<R 2.8>
Ac sanctus Agustinus s+ade swi+de swutul bispell by +dy: gif
ma manna wilnode on anre +deode anwaldes
+tonne an, +t+at hit w+are +tam gelicost +de we oft secgan
hyrdon, +t+at sume wyrmas w+aren giond eor+tan,
& eac sume fiscas ut on s+a, +te habba+d monuga heafdu &
habba+d +teah an bodig.
+tonne nella+d +ta heafdu eall anes weges.
Ac gif +de heafdu anes weges nella+d, +tonne sceal +t+at
bodig bion +ty bysigre.
Tih+d +tara heafda +alc his wegas & li+d +t+at bodig unnyt,
bute +t+at hit halt +ta heafdu +t+at heora +alc ne
mot o+der fretan.
Gif hit +donne gewyr+d +t+at +ta heafdu to +dam stronge
gewior+da+t, & hiora +alc swa swi+de tih+d fram o+drum
+t+at +t+at bodig toberst, +donne forwior+da+d +ta heafdu
eall, & eal +t+at hiom on hanga+d.
& he s+ade eac +t+at sume wyrmas  w+aren & sume fiscas +te
h+afden an heafod & monigne steort.
+da steortas he s+ade +t+at hulpan ealle +t+as heafdes, &
+t+at heafod heora ealra.
Hio hebba+d up +t+at heafod & him beforan scufa+d.
+t+at heafod & +ta eagan him wisia+d weg, & hie feda+d &
feria+d & hie him folgia+d.
Swa bi+d eac feola wuhta on wiorlde +te h+af+d fela fota.
Ealle +da fet hebba+d up +d+at heafod, & +t+at heafod hie
fere+d & nere+d.
Ac se hrefn, +de sume menn hata+d crabba, ne f+ar+d naht
gef+adlice mid twam heafdum, +deah he monigne fot h+abbe.



<B COWULF4>
<Q O3/4 IR HOM WULF1B>
<N WHOM 1B>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  WULFSTAN'S HOMILIES (O3/4).
THE HOMILIES OF WULFSTAN.
ED. D. BETHURUM.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1957.
PP. 116.3  - 118.40 (Ib)
PP. 119.28 - 122.73 (II)
PP. 123.4  - 127.80 (III)
PP. 221.3  - 224.95 (XII)
PP. 242.8  - 245.79 (XVII)^]

[^B2.1.1^]
<P 116>
[} (\DE ANTICRISTO\) }]
<R 2>
Leofan men, understanda+d swy+de georne +t+at ge rihtlice &
w+arlice +t+at healdan +t+at eow m+ast +tearf is to
gehealdenne, +t+at is, rihtne cristendom.
<R 4>
For+dam +alc +t+ara +te ongean +t+at to swy+de de+d o+d+don
o+derne ongean +t+at l+are+d +te his cristendome to gebyre+d,
+alc +t+ara bi+d Antecrist genamod.
<R 5>
Anticristus is on L+aden (\contrarius Cristo\) , +t+at is on
Englisc, Godes wi+dersaca.
<R 7>
Se bi+d Godes wi+dersaca +te Godes lage & lare forl+at, &
+durh deofles lare of +dam de+d +de his cristendome
to gebyre+d, & on synnum hine sylfne to swy+de befyle+d
o+d+don o+derne man on synna bel+ade+d.
<R 10>
And +deah +t+at sy +t+at fela manna Antecrist sylfne n+afre
his eagum ne geseo, to fela is +teah his lima
+te man wide nu geseon & +durh heora yfel gecnawan m+ag,
ealswa hit
<P 117>
on +tam godspelle ger+ad is: (\Surgent enim pseudocristi,
et reliqua\) .
<R 14>
Wide hit gewyr+d +t+at up arisa+d lease leogeras & beo+d
sw+aslice swicole, & +da m+anigne man amyrra+d & on
gedwylde gebringa+d.
<R 16>
And swa mycel earfo+dnes gewyr+d on m+anige wisan gyt wide on
worulde, +t+as +te bec secga+d, +turh deofles
bearn +te unriht dreoga+d, swa n+afre +ar on worulde ne
gewear+d; for+dam +t+at m+aste yfel cym+d to mannum
+tonne Antecrist sylf cym+d, +te n+afre +ar on worulde ne
gewear+d.
<R 20>
And us +tinc+d +t+at hit [^TORONTO CORPUS: hi^] sy +tam timan
swy+de gehende, for+dam +teos woruld is fram d+age to d+age 
a swa leng swa wyrse.
<R 23>
Nu is mycel neod eac eallum Godes bydelum +t+at hy Godes folc
warnian gelome wi+d +tone egesan +te mannum
is towerd, +te l+as +te hy unw+are wur+dan aredode & +donne
to hr+adlice +durh deofol beswicene.
<R 26>
Ac do sacerda gehwylc on his scriftscire +t+at hit man gehyre
oft & gelome, +te l+as +de hit
<P 118>
geweor+de +t+at +turh larleste Godes folc losie.
<R 28>
& +deah +t+at geweor+de +t+at ure +anig +te nu leofa+d +tonne
ne libbe, +teah we agan +tearfe +t+at we godcunde heorda
warnian nu georne hu hy +tam deofle Antecriste sylfan
w+arlicast magan +tonne wi+dstandan, +tonne
he his wodscinn widdast tobr+ade+d.
<R 32>
And utan warnian us eac swa wi+d his unlara nu swy+de georne &
God +almihtigne georne biddan +t+at he us
gescylde wi+d +t+ane +teodsca+dan.
<R 35>
God us gescylde wi+d +t+ane egesan, & he us geryme to +d+are
ecan myrh+de +te +tam is gegearwod +te his willan
gewyrca+d.
<R 37>
+t+ar is ece blis & +afre by+d in ealra worulda woruld a butan
ende, amen.

<Q O3/4 IR HOM WULF2>
<N WHOM 2>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B2.1.2^]
<P 119>
[} (\LECTIO SANCTI EVANGELII SECUNDUM MATHEUM\) }]
<R 25>
Leofan men, hit gewear+d hwilum on +d+are byrig +te is
<P 120>
genamod Hierusalem, +t+at ures Drihtnes +tegnas agunnon
specan wi+d hine ymbe +t+at m+are tempelgeweorc +te +t+ar
geworht w+as Gode to wyr+dmynte.
<R 29>
+da s+ade he heom +t+at his sceolde weor+dan +aghwylc stan on
uferan dagum grundlinga toworpen.
<R 30>
And +da agunnan hi hine eft acsian dihlice hw+anne +t+at
geweor+dan sceolde, & eac be hwylcum tacne man
agytan mihte hw+anne eft his sylfes tocyme towerd wurde, &
hw+anne +tisse worulde geendung weor+dan scolde.
<R 34>
+da andwyrde he heom & cw+a+d +t+at hy +dearfe ahtan +t+at hi
w+are wurdan +t+at hy +anig man to swicollice ne
bep+ahte mid leaslicre lare & mid egeslican gylpe.
<R 36>
for+dam, he cw+a+d, +t+at m+anig wyr+d +te gyt cime+d on
uferan tidan +te leaslice leoge+d & egeslice gylpe+d,
nama+d hine sylfne & hiwa+d to gode, swylce hit Crist sy; ac
secge +t+at he secge, he cw+a+d, ne gelyfe ge him +afre.
<R 40>
And he s+ade +t+at mycle gewin scoldan geweor+dan +ar +dam
ende wide on worulde, & l+arde +teah +t+at man to
wacmod +tonne ne wurde & cw+a+d +t+at se ende +tonne gyt n+are
eallunga gehende.
<R 43>
He s+ade eac +t+at +teoda hetelice sceoldan winnan heom
betweonan, & fela eor+dstyrunga & earfo+dnessa geweor+dan
on worulde +ar worulde ende.
<R 45>
And +t+at beo+d +ta angin, he
<P 121>
cw+a+d, +tara sarnessa +te mannum beo+d towerd.
<R 46>
+d+at bi+d witodlice +t+at he m+ande we witan ful georne +ta
sorga & +da sarnessa +te on woruld becuma+d foran
to +tam timan +te Antecrist wede+d & ealle woruld brege+t.
<R 49>
For+dam +tonne wyr+d ehtnes grimlic & sorhlic cristenes
folces, & +aghwar beo+d la+de & to ands+ate +ta +de
God lufia+d.
<R 51>
And swiciende licceteras +tonne arisa+d & br+ada+d to swy+de &
+durh unlare forl+ara+d to manege.
<R 53>
Ac wel +tam sy+d+dan +afre to worulde +te +tonne ne awaca+d on
+anige wisan.
<R 54>
And an +ting ic eow secge gyt to gewisse, +t+at witod sceal
geweor+dan godspel gecy+ted geond ealle woruld
+ar worulde ende, +t+as +te bec secga+d, & sy+d+dan wyr+d
se ende swa ra+de swa +t+at God wile.
<R 57>
And swa+teahhw+a+dere nis se man on eor+dan ne se encgel on
heofonan +te wite +t+ane andagan butan Gode sylfum.
<R 59>
And +dy man sceal wacigean & warnian symle +t+at man geara
weor+de huru to +dam dome, weald hw+anne he us
to cyme, we witan mid gewisse +t+at hit +t+arto neal+ac+d
georne.
<R 62>
And on +tam dome, +te ealle men to sculan, ure Drihten sylf
eowa+d us sona his blodigan sidan & his +tyrlan
handa & +da sylfan rode +te he for ure neode on ahangen
w+as, & wile +tonne anr+adlice witan hu we
him +t+at geleanedan, & hu we urne cristendom gehealden
habban.
<R 66>
Leofan men, utan beon +te
<P 122>
w+arran & don swa us +tearf is,
lufian God ofer ealle o+dre +ting & his willan
wyrcan swa we geornost magan.
<R 68>
+tonne geleana+d he hit us swa us leofast bi+d.
<R 69>
Him sy lof & wuldor aa butan ende, amen.

<Q O3/4 IR HOM WULF3>
<N WHOM 3>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
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<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B2.1.3^]
<P 123>
[} (\SECUNDUM LUCAM\) }]
<R 3>
+dis godspel seg+d & swutela+d +t+at fela fortacna sculon
geweor+dan wide on worulde, +ag+der ge on heofonlicum
tunglum ge on eor+dlicum styrungum, +ar +dam +te se dom
cume +te us eallum wyr+d gem+ane.
<R 5>
And witodlice ealswa flod com hwilum +ar for synnum, swa cym+d
eac for synnum fyr ofer mancynn, & +d+arto hit neal+ac+d nu
swy+de georne.
<R 7>
And +dy is fela yfela & mistlicra gelimpa wide mid mannum, &
eal hit is for synnum.
<R 8>
And gyt weor+te+d mare, +t+as +de bec secga+d, wracu &
gedrecednes +tonne +afre +ar w+are ahwar on worulde; +t+at
bi+d, +tonne Antecrist wede+d & ealle woruld brege+d, &
+d+arto hit neal+ac+d nu swy+de georne.
<R 12>
And +dy hit is on worulde a swa leng swa wyrse, +t+as +te we
sylfe gecnawa+d ful georne.
<R 13>
And eac is on us sylfum swytol & gesyne +t+at we to wace
hyra+d urum Drihtne, & +t+at we to ortreowe syndan
Godes mihta & his mildheortnessa, &
<P 124>
+t+at we him oftor swy+dor abelga+d +tonne we be+torftan, & eac 
betweonan us sylfum rihte getryw+da healda+d to wace for Gode &
for worulde.
<R 18>
And +dy us deria+d & +dearle dyrfa+d fela ungelimpa, &
+al+teodige men & utancumene swy+de us swenca+d, ealswa
Crist on his godspelle swutollice s+ade +t+at scolde
geweor+dan.
<R 21>
He cw+a+d: (\Surget gens contra gentem, et reliqua\) .
+d+at is on Englisc, upp r+asa+d +teoda, he cw+a+d, &
wi+derr+ade weor+ta+d & hetelice winna+d
& saca+d heom betweonan for +dam unrihte +te
to wide wyr+d mid mannum on eor+dan.
<R 25>
Leofan men, cl+ane w+as +teos eor+de on hyre frumsceafte, ac
we hi habba+d sy+d+dan afylede swy+de & mid urum
synnum +tearle besmitene.
<R 27>
And ure misd+ada eac wregea+d us gelome, for+dam +te we
nella+d Godes lage healdan swa swa we scoldan, ne
Gode gel+astan +t+at +t+at we scoldan, ne we teo+dunga
sylla+d swa swa us gebyrede, ne we +almessan d+ala+d
swa swa we be+dorftan, ac on +aghwylce wisan wania+d to
swy+de eal +t+at we sceoldan on Godes est gel+astan.
<R 32>
And for+dy us eac swenca+d & ongean winna+d manege gesceafta,
ealswa hit awriten is: (\Pugnabit pro Deo
orbis terrarum contra insensatos homines.\)
<P 125>
<R 35>
+d+at is on Englisc, eal woruld winne+d swy+de for synnum
ongean +ta oferhogan +te Gode nella+d hyran.
<R 36>
Seo heofone us win+d wi+d +tonne heo us sende+d styrnlice
stormas & orf & +aceras swy+de amyrre+d.
<R 38>
Seo eor+de us win+d wi+d +tonne heo forwyrne+d eor+dlices
w+astmas & us unweoda to fela asende+d.
<R 39>
Eac hit awriten is, +d+at sunne a+tystra+d +ar worulde ende &
mona adeorca+d & steorran hreosa+d for manna
synnum; & +d+at bi+d +tonne Antecrist wede+d +t+at hit bi+d
gelic +tam swylce hit swa sy.
<R 43>
Hit is gecweden +t+at sunne a+dystra+d; +t+at is, +tonne God
nele cy+dan on Antecristes timan his m+agen ne
his mihta swa swa he oft +ar dyde, +donne bi+d gelic +tam
swylce sunne sy a+tystrad.
<R 46>
And mona, hit cwe+d, adeorca+d; +d+at is, +t+at Godes halgan
+anige tacna +tonne ne wyrca+d swa swa hy oft +ar dydan.
<R 48>
And steorran, hit cwe+d, hreosa+d ufene of heofonum; +d+at is,
+t+at licceteras & leaslice cristene hr+adlice
hreosa+d of rihtan geleafan & to Antecriste geornlice
buga+d & weor+ta+t his gefylstan eallum heora
mihtum.
<R 51>
And +donne geweor+te+d egsa se m+asta +te +afre +ar w+are, &
ehtnes seo m+aste wide on worulde.
<R 52>
Ne byrh+d se gesibba +tonne gesibban +te ma +te +tam fremdan.
<R 54>
And be +dam egeslican timan Matheus se godspellere so+dlice
<P 126>
+tus cw+a+d: (\In diebus illis erit tribulatio
talis qualis non fuit ab initio mundi nec postea erit\) .
<R 56>
+d+at is on Englisc +t+at swylc yrm+d & earfo+dnes bi+d +tonne
on worulde swylce +afre +ar n+as ne eft ne geweor+te+d.
<R 59>
And ra+de +after +tam sy+d+dan astyred wyr+d +turh godcunde
mihte eal heofonlic m+agen & eor+dwaru ar+ared of
dea+de to dome.
<R 61>
+donne m+ag gecnawan se +te +ar nolde so+des gelyfan +t+at
Crist +turh his m+agen+trym +tonne geleana+d manna gehwylcum
+arran gewyrhta.
<R 63>
Wa +tam +tonne +te +ar geearnode helle wite.
<R 64>
+d+ar is ece bryne grimme gemencged, & +d+ar is ece gryre;
+t+ar is granung & wanung & aa singal heof; +t+ar
is ealra yrm+da gehwylc & ealra deofla ge+tring.
<R 66>
Wa +tam +te +t+ar sceal wunian on wite.
<R 67>
Betere him w+are +t+at he man n+are +afre geworden +tonne he
gewurde.
<R 68>
For+dam nis se man on life +te areccan m+age ealle +ta yrm+da
+te se gebidan sceal se +de on +ta wita ealles
behreose+d; & hit is ealles +te wyrse +te his +anig ende ne
cym+d +afre to worulde.
<R 72>
Eala, leofan men, utan don swa us +tearf is, beorgan us georne
wi+d +t+ane egesan & helpan ure sylfra +ta
hwile +te we magan & motan, +te l+as we forweor+dan +tonne
we l+ast wenan.
<R 75>
Ac utan lufian God ofer ealle o+dre +ting & his wyllan wyrcan,
<P 127>
swa we geornost magan.
<R 76>
+tonne geleana+d he hit us swa us leofast bi+d +tonne we +afre
+t+as betst be+turfan.
<R 77>
Him symle sy lof & wuldor in ealra worulda woruld a butan
ende, amen.

<Q O3/4 IR HOM WULF12>
<N WHOM 12>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B2.2.10^]
[} (\DE FALSIS DIES\) }]
<P 221>
<R 2>
Eala, gefyrn is +t+at +durh deofol fela +tinga misfor, & +t+at
mancynn to swy+de Gode mishyrde, & +t+at h+a+denscype ealles
to wide swy+de gederede & gyt dere+d wide.
<R 4>
Ne r+ade we +teah ahwar on bocum +t+at man ar+arde +anig
h+a+dengyld ahwar on worulde on eallum +tam fyrste
+te w+as +ar Noes flode.
<R 5>
Ac sy+d+dan +t+at gewear+d +t+at Nembro+d & +da entas worhton
+tone wundorlican stypel +after Noes flode, & him
+da swa fela gereorda gelamp, +t+at +te bec secga+d, swa
+d+ara wyrhtena w+as.
<R 8>
+Ta sy+d+dan toferdon hy wide landes, & mancyn +ta sona swy+de
weox.
<R 10>
& +da +at nyhstan wurdon hi bep+ahte +turh +done ealdan deofol
+te Adam iu +ar beswac swa +t+at hi worhton wolice
& gedwollice him h+a+tene godas, & +done so+dan God &
heora agenne scyppend forsawon, +te hy to mannum
gescop & geworhte.
<R 15>
Hi namon eac him +da +t+at to wisdome +turh deofles lare +t+at
hy wur+dedon him for godas +ta sunnan & +done
monan for heora scinendan beorhtnesse & him lac +ta +at
nyhstan +turh deofles lare offrodon & forleton
heora Drihten +te hy gescop & geworhte.
<R 19>
Sume men eac s+adan be +dam scinendum steorrum +t+at hi godas
w+aron, & agunnan hy weor+dian georne, & sume
hy gelyfdon eac on fyr for his f+arlicum bryne, sume eac on
w+ater, & sume hy gelyfdon on +da eor+dan
for+dan +te heo ealle +ting fede+d.
<P 222>
<R 23>
Ac hy mihton georne tocnawan, gif hi cu+don +t+at gescead,
+t+at se is so+d God +te ealle +tas +ding gescop
us mannum to brice & to note for his miclan godnesse +te he
mancynne geu+de.
<R 25>
+Das gesceafta eac ealle do+d swa swa him gedihte heora agen
scyppend & ne magon nan +ting don butan ures
Drihtnes +tafunge, for+dam +te nan o+der scyppend nis
buton se ana so+da God +te we on gelyfa+d, & we
hine +anne ofer ealle o+dre +ting lufiad & wur+dia+t mid
gewissum geleafan, cwe+tende mid mu+de & mid modes
incundnesse +t+at se an is so+d God +te ealle +ding gescop &
geworhte.
<R 33>
Gyt +da h+a+tenan noldon beon gehealdene on swa feawum godum
swa hy +ar h+afdan, ac fengon to wur+dienne
+at nyhstan mistlice entas & strece woruldmen +te mihtige
wurdan on woruldafelum & egesfulle w+aran +ta
hwyle +te hy leofedon, & heora agenum lustum fullice
fulleodan.
<R 37>
An man w+as on geardagum eardiende on +tam iglande +te Creta
hatte se w+as Saturnus gehaten, & se w+as swa
w+alhreow +t+at he fordyde his agene bearn ealle butan anum
& unf+aderlice macode heora lif to lyre
sona on geogo+de.
<R 41>
He l+afde swa+teah unea+de +anne to life, +teah +de he fordyde
+ta bro+dra elles; & se w+as Iouis gehaten, &
se wear+d hetol feond.
<R 43>
He aflymde his agene f+ader eft of +dam ylcan fores+adan
iglande +te Creta hatte & wolde hine forfaran
georne gif he mihte.
<R 45>
& se Iouis wear+d swa swy+de gal +t+at he on his agenre
swyster gewifode, seo w+as genamod Iuno, & heo wear+d
swy+de healic gyden +after h+a+denscype geteald.
<R 48>
Heora twa dohtra w+aron Minerua & Uenus.
+Tas manfullan men +te we ymbe speca+d w+aron getealde for +da
m+arostan godas
<P 223>
+ta on +dam dagum, & +ta h+a+denan
wur+dodon hy swy+de +turh deofles lare.
<R 51>
ac se sunu w+as swa+teah swy+dor on h+a+denscype gewur+dod
+tonne se f+ader w+are, & he is geteald eac arwur+dost
ealra +t+ara goda +te +ta h+a+denan on +dam dagum for
godas h+afdon on heora gedwylde.
<R 54>
And he hatte +tor o+drum naman betwux sumum +teodum; +done
Denisca leoda lufia+d swy+dost & on heora gedwylde
weor+dia+t geornost.
<R 56>
His sunu hatte Mars, se macode +afre gewinn & wrohte, & saca &
wraca he styrede gelome.
<R 58>
+Dysne yrming +after his for+dsi+de wur+dodon +ta h+a+denan
eac for healicne god, & swa oft swa hy fyrdedon
o+d+de to gefeohte woldon, +tonne offrodon hy heora lac on
+ar to weor+dunge +tissum gedwolgode.
<R 61>
& hy gelyfdon +t+at he miclum mihte heom fultumian on
gefeohte for+dan +te he gefeoht & gewinn lufude
on life.
<R 63>
Sum man eac w+as gehaten Mercurius on life, se w+as swy+de
facenfull & +deah full snotorwyrde swicol on
d+adum & on leasbregdum.
<R 65>
+Done macedon +ta h+a+denan be heora get+ale eac heom to
m+aran gode, & +at wega gel+atum him lac offrodon
oft & gelome +turh deofles lare, & to heagum beorgum him
brohton oft mistlice loflac.
<R 68>
+Des gedwolgod w+as arwur+de eac betwux eallum h+a+denum on
+tam dagum, & he is O+don gehaten o+drum naman
on Denisce wisan.
<R 70>
Nu secga+d sume +ta Denisce men on heora gedwylde +t+at se
Iouis w+are +te hy +tor hata+d, Mercuries sunu,
+te hi O+don namia+d, ac hi nabba+d na riht, for+dan +te we
r+ada+d on bocum, ge on h+a+tenum ge on Cristenum,
+t+at se hetula Iouis to so+dan is Saturnes sunu.
<R 75>
And sum wif hatte Uenus seo w+as Ioues dohtor, & seo
<P 224>
w+as swa
ful & swa fracod on galnysse +t+at hyre agen
bro+dor wi+d hy geh+amde, +t+as +te man s+ade, +turh
deofles lare, & +da yfelan wur+dia+d +ta h+a+denan eac for
healice f+amnan.
<R 79>
Manege eac o+dre h+a+tene godas w+aron mistlice fundene & eac
swylce h+a+tene gydena on swy+dlicum wyr+dmente
geond middaneard mancynne to forwyrde, ac +tas synd +ta
fyrmestan +deh +turh h+a+denscipe getealde, +teah
+de hy fulice leofodon on worulde.
<R 83>
And se syrwienda deofol +te a swica+d embe mancyn gebrohte +ta
h+a+denan men on +tam healicon gedwylde +t+at
hi swa fule him to godum gecuran +te heora fulan lust heom
to lage sylfum gesettan & on uncl+annesse
heora lif eal lyfedan +ta hwile +de hi w+aran.
<R 87>
Ac se bi+d ges+alig +te eal swylc oferhoga+d & +done so+dan
Godd lufa+d & weor+da+d +te ealle +ting gescop & geworhte.
<R 89>
An is +almihtig God on +trym hadum, +t+at is f+ader & suna &
halig gast.
<R 90>
Ealle +ta +dry naman befeh+d an godcund miht & is an ece God,
waldend & wyrhta ealra gesceafta.
<R 91>
Him symle sy lof & weor+dmynt in ealra worulda woruld a butan
ende, amen.

<Q O3/4 IR HOM WULF17>
<N WHOM 17>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
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<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B2.3.5^]
<P 242>
<R 6>
[}BE BISCOPHADUM}]
<R 7>
Leofan men, se halga godspellere Lucas geswutelode on his
godspelle hu ure Drihten, +ar he up to heofenum
ferde, wi+d his +tegenas sp+ac, & hu he his apostolas to
biscpum gebletsode & mid his +arendum wide
hy sende, +t+at hi rihtne cristendom +tanonfor+d georne
bodian sceoldon & heora +aftergengan +t+at ylce
bebeodan.
<R 11>
Nu syndan we bisceopas to +tam sylfan gesette, +t+at we bodian
sceolan Godes riht georne & unriht forbeodan,
gyme se +de wille.
<R 13>
And nu +t+at is +t+at we habba+d on Godes naman weor+dunge for
cristendomes fyr+drunge bisceop gebletsodne,
swa swa ge sylfe swutele gesawon & eac oferhyrdan +ta
bletsunge ealle, understode se +de cu+de, nu wylle
we swutelian +tam +te hit nystan hu bisceophadas wurdan
+arest astealde & be Godes dihte mannum gescyfte.
<R 18>
Moyses
<P 243>
hatte, se +de on geardagum be Godes agenum dihte rihte
lage scyfte, & he +ta gehalgode Aaron to
bisceope, swa swa God dihte.
<R 21>
& of +tam cynne +after +t+are wisan sy+d+dan wurdan manege,
o+d +t+at Crist eft astealde on o+dre wisan hu bisceophad
sceolde of manegan cynrynan sy+d+dan aspringan, swa
swa he geswutelade eac +ta +de he gebletsode
of his agenum apostolum bisceopas manege.
<R 25>
And Petre +t+ane ealdorscipe he +arest bet+ahte & hefenware
c+aga eac him bef+aste & het +t+at he heolde &
rihtlice weolde be manna gewyrhtum hwa +t+arin moste & hwa na
ne moste.
<R 28>
And nu syndan biscopas Petres gespelian, & hi sceolon Godes
riht geornlice cy+dan.
<R 29>
+donne l+are we georne manna gehwylcne +t+at he hyne sylfne
gelome be+tence & inwerdre heortan lufie his
Drihten & rihtne cristendom geornlice healde & godcundan
lareowan hyre mid rihte.
<R 33>
Bisceopas syndon bydelas & Godes lage lareowas, & hy scylon
georne oft & gelome clypian to Criste &
for eall cristen folc +tingian georne; & hy scylan georne
Godes riht bodian & +aghwylc unriht georne
forbeodan.
<R 36>
And se +de oferhogie +t+at he heom hlyste, h+abbe him gem+ane
+t+at wi+d God sylfne.
<R 38>
And gyf bisceopas forgyma+d +t+at hi synna ne styra+d ne
unriht forbeoda+d ne Godes riht ne cy+da+d, ac clumia+d
mid ceaflum +t+ar hy sceoldan clypian, wa him +t+are
swigean.
<R 40>
Be +tam sp+ac se witega & grymlice +tus cw+a+d: (\Haec dicit
Dominus:
<P 244>
Si non adnuntiaueris iniquo iniquitatem
suam, sanguinem eius de manu tua requiram\) .
<R 43>
Gif +tu +tam synfullan nelt, cw+a+d ure Drihten, synna
gestyran & unriht forbeodan & +tam manfullan his
mand+ada cy+dan, +tu scealt +ta sawle bitere forgyldan.
<R 45>
+dis m+ag to heorthoge +aghwylcum bisceope, be+tence hine
georne be +tam +te he wille.
<R 47>
And se +de nele Godes bodan hyran mid rihte ne godcundre lare
gyman swa he sceolde, he sceal hyran feondan,
gif he nele freondan.
<R 49>
For+tam se bi+d Godes oferhoga +te Godes bodan oferhoga+d,
ealswa Crist sylf on his godspelle swutelice
s+ade +ta +ta he +tus cw+a+d: (\Qui uos audit me audit, et
qui uos spernit me spernit\) .
<R 52>
Se +de eow hyre+d, he cw+a+d, me he gehyre+d, & se +de
forsyh+d eow, witod he forsyh+d me.
<R 53>
(\Et item: Quodcumque ligaueritis super terram, et reliqua\) .
<R 54>
And eft ure Drihten on o+dre stowe so+dlice +tus cw+a+d: Swa
hw+at swa ge gebinda+d her ofer eor+dan f+astum
bealubendum for yfelum gewyrhtum, eall hit wyr+d on heofenon
swa swa on eor+dan mid Godes yrre gebunden
swi+de f+aste, butan ge li+dian & +ta bendas alynian.
<R 60>
Leofan men, warnia+d eow be swylcan & uton we ealle don swa us
+tearf is, beorgan us georne wi+d Godes
yrre.
<R 61>
Eala, eala, so+d is +t+at ic eow secge, sw+ar is seo byr+den
+te Godes bydel
<P 245>
beran mot gif he nele georne
unriht forbeodan, for+tam +teh he sylf t+ala do & o+der man
misdo, +t+at him sceal gederian gif he nele styran.
<R 65>
And +teh Godes bydel misdo, ne beseo man na +t+ar to ealles to
swy+de, ac gyme his lare gif he t+ala l+are,
swa swa Crist l+arde +t+at man don sceolde, +ta +da he on
his godspelle, swutelice +tus cw+a+d: (\Que autem
dicunt facite; que autem faciunt facere nolite\) .
<R 69>
He cw+a+d: Filgea+d heora larum & na heora synnum.
<R 70>
Ne sceal +anig man +afre for sacerdes synnan hine sylfne
forgyman, ac fylge his lare gif he wel l+are.
<R 71>
And la, leofan men, do+d swa ic bidde, butan gebelge hlysta+d
hw+at ic secge.
<R 73>
Ic wat swy+de georne me sylfne forwyrhtne wordes & d+ada
ealles to swy+de, ealswa ma manna, ne dear +teah
for Godes ege forswygian mid ealle fela +t+ara +tinga +te
dere+d +tysse +teode.



<B COEPIHOM> 
<Q O3/4 IR HOM SUND6> 
<N HOM VI SUNDAY> 
<A X> 
<C O3/4> 
<O 950-1050> 
<M 1050-1150> 
<K NON-CONTEMP> 
<D WS/X> 
<V PROSE> 
<T HOMILY> 
<G X> 
<F X> 
<W X> 
<X X> 
<Y X> 
<H X> 
<U X> 
<E X> 
<J X> 
<I X> 
<Z INSTR REL> 
<S SAMPLE X> 
 
 
[^TEXT:  A HOMILY FOR THE SIXTH (OR FOURTH) 
SUNDAY AFTER EPIPHANY. 
ANGELSAECHSISCHE HOMILIEN UND HEILIGENLEBEN. 
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA,  III. 
ED. B. ASSMANN. 
DARMSTADT: WISSENSCHAFTLICHE 
BUCHGESELLSCHAFT, 1964 (1889). 
PP. 164.1 - 169.141 (XIV)^] 
 
[^B3.2.6^] 
<P 164> 
<R 2> 
Men +da leofestan, ure drihten +almihtig god us singalice 
mynega+d +turh his halgan bec mid +tam  
gastlicum wordum, +te he sylf mid his mu+de bebead, +t+at we  
synna and mand+ada forleton and so+d and riht  
dydon +ta hwile, +te we on +tyssum l+anan life beon. 
<R 5> 
+donne is synderlice eallum godes folce beboden, +t+at hi 
heora gebeda lufian and +almessan d+alan of 
+tam +te mid rihte begiten sy. 
<R 7> 
Gode is la+d seo +almesse, +te bi+d mid unrihte begiten. 
Ac us is mycel neod+tearf, +t+at we ge+tencan, hu drihten us 
mid his +trowunge alysde fram deofles  
anwealde, +ta he a rode ahangen w+as and his  +t+at deorweor+de 
blod for us ageat. 
<R 10> 
For+dan we sculan weor+dian Cristes rode and biddan ure synna 
forgyfenessa ealle +atsomne. 
<R 11> 
Swa he for us +trowude on +t+are rode and eal +ta sar and 
edwit and +ta heardan +trowunga, +te he adreah 
+at +tam unl+adan folce Iudea, eal he +trowude for us, +t+at 
he wolde us generian fram helle wite and  
us gel+adan in +ta ecan eadignesse. 
<R 15> 
Ac hw+at is +tam men betere to +tencenne +tonne embe his 
sawle +tearfe and hw+anne se d+ag cume, +te he  
scyle wi+d +tone lichaman seo sawle ged+alan and hwilce 
lad+teowas heo h+abbe and hwider heo gel+add si, 
+te to wite, +te to  
<P 165> 
wuldre. 
<R 19> 
Witodlice we magon ongitan, +t+at +ta syndan uncu+te, +te  we 
geseon ne magan. 
<R 20> 
For+tan we sceolan mid eallum mode and m+agne to god gecyrran 
and so+de bote don for urum synnum,  
+tonne forgif+d us drihten ure synna forgifenesse and +t+at ece 
lif +after +tissere worulde geendunge. 
<R 23> 
Geeadmeda+t eow sylfe, men +ta leofestan, to godes willan, 
+tonne genera+d he eow of deofles  
costnungum,  for+dan drihten ne forgym+d he na +ta so+df+astan 
men. 
<R 25> 
Ge+tenca+d eac, +t+at ge gelomlice winna+d and swinca+d and 
ymbe +t+at sorgia+d, +t+at we urne lichaman  
gefyllan and gefr+atwian. 
<R 27> 
+tonne gelimpe+d hyt +after feawum dagum o+d+de feawum 
gearum, +t+at se ylca lichama by+d on byrgenne,  
and men witan, +t+at he g+a+d wyrmum to mete. 
<R 30> 
For+tan us is mycel neod+t+aarf, +t+at we ge+tencan embe ure 
sawle +tearfe, +t+anne heo cym+d on domes d+ag 
beforan gode and his englum. 
<R 32> 
Oft w+a habba+d gescawod, to hwilcum +tingum we sculan 
gewur+dan, sy+d+dan we deade beo+d. 
<R 33> 
We magan geseon, +tonne man binnan mynster byrgene delfe+d 
and +ta ban +t+aron finde+d, hwilce  we beon 
scylan. 
<R 35> 
Hwar by+d +tonne heora wela, +te hi ahtan her on life? 
<R 36> 
And hi d+aghwamlice gesamnodon ma and ma tog+adere and nystan 
n+anigne ende, hw+anne hi +t+at forl+atan  
scoldan. 
<R 37> 
Hwar com se micela heap, +te him mid ferde and ymbe +trungon? 
<R 38> 
Ealle +tas +tinc synd fram eagan gewitene, ne hit nu nan 
+tinc +t+are sawle ne  helpe+d. 
<R 40> 
Ac heora lichaman licga+d on eor+dan and beo+d to duste 
gewordene and +t+at fl+asc afula+d and wirmum  
awealle+d and ny+der aflowe+d in +ta eor+dan. 
<R 42> 
Men +ta leofastan, se +te ges+alig bi+d, he m+ag hine sylfne 
be +tisse bysene l+aran. 
<R 43> 
Eac +t+at gyt mare is, +t+at hi scylan +after +tam eor+dwelan 
edwit +trowian. 
<R 44> 
Don we +tonne, men  +ta leofestan, so+de bote for urum synnum 
+ta hwile, +te we on +tissum l+anan life  
syn. 
<R 46> 
Alysan we ure sawle +ta hwile, +te we +t+at lif habban and 
+t+at weor+d, +t+at we magan wi+d god geceapian, 
+til+as  
<P 166> 
+te se dea+d cume +ar to us and we +tonne +t+at lif 
forl+atan and +t+at weor+d and beo+d +tonne gel+adde 
to helle wite. 
<R 49> 
Ne +tearf nan man  +t+as w+anan, +t+at hyne +anig man m+age 
alysan fram helle wite, gif he sylf nele his 
synna betan +ar his ende. 
<R 51> 
Ac ute we beon gemyndie ure sawle +tearfe +ta hwile, +te we 
motan +t+at lif habban. 
<R 53> 
Ute gemunan +t+ane egesfullan domes d+ag. 
Se cym+d, +tonne we l+ast wena+d, and on +tam d+age we sculon 
for+dberan swa god, swa  yfel, +alc sawl be 
hyre gewyrhtan. 
<R 55> 
Men +ta leofestan, geearnie we, +t+at ure se ytemesta d+ag 
wur+de gode gecoren, and gecyrran we to  
drihtenes willan and ge+tencan, +t+at he dea+d +trowude for us 
and he us of +dam nearwan +tystrum alysde. 
<R 58> 
Nis +tonne nan man, +t+at +t+ane deopan grund +t+as hatan 
fyres gesecan mage, gif he wile his  synna  
betan on +tissum life. 
<R 60> 
Hw+at, we nu gehyrdan secgan be +tam +almesfullan, hu gode 
sawle he h+af+d, and nys n+anig man, +t+at  
asecgan m+age +ta miltse and +ta myrh+de, +te drihten h+af+d 
gehaten +alcan +t+ara +te hine lufian wile. 
<R 63> 
And ne bit he us nan o+der edlean, butan +t+at we ure sawle 
swa cl+ane agifan, swa he hi +ar gesceop  
and us bef+aste. 
<R 65> 
For+dan we sculan beon swi+de gemyndige godes beboda and ure 
sawle +tearfe on eallum tidum. 
<R 66> 
And secgan we him +tanc ealra his miltsa and his eadmodnessa 
and his gifena, +te he us forgeaf. 
<R 68> 
And his naman we sculan weor+dian mid wordum and mid d+adum, 
and mid eallum m+agne him +tancian. 
<R 69> 
+tonne forgif+d  he us, +t+at we motan to heofona rices 
wuldre mid blisse becuman. 
<R 71> 
+tar by+d leoht and lif and englas and heahf+adras and witegan 
and ealle halie on drihtenes onsyne  
mid wuldre. 
<R 72> 
+t+ar by+d ece gefea butan unrotnesse and geogo+t butan ylde. 
<R 73> 
Ne bi+d +tar sar, ne gewin, ne n+anig uny+dnes. 
<R 74> 
Ne +tar n+ani man his feond ne finde+d,  ne his feond ne 
gemet+a+d, ac +tar wunian mot, +te +ta stowe  
gesece+d,  
<P 167> 
mid engla sibbe on ecan wuldre mid urum drihtene. 
<R 76> 
Men +ta leofestan, ute gehyran, hu seo sawel spr+ac+d to +tam 
forworhtan lichaman on domes d+ag  
beforan gode. 
<R 78> 
Heo cwy+d to +tam lichaman: For hwan, earma lichama, 
gelyfdestu on +t+ane +te +de eal forl+arde,  +t+at  
w+as se deofol? 
<R 80> 
Hwi noldestu gelyfan +tinum drihtene, +te w+as ahangen for us 
and us alysde fram helle wite? 
<R 81> 
Gehyr nu, earma lichama, +tu eart deofles hus, for+tam +tu 
deofles willan worhtest and godes lare  
forhogedest. 
<R 83> 
+donne cwy+d seo sawel to +tam lichaman wependre stefne +tus: 
Wa is me nu, for+tam +te ic +ta toweardan  
+tinc ne gemunde. 
<R 85> 
Wa is me, for+tam +te ic ne ondred me helle wite. 
<R 86> 
Wa is me nu, for+tam ic heofonan rice ne lufede. 
Wa is me, for+tam +te ic ne ondred me godes +tone micelan 
dom. 
<R 87> 
Wa me, for+dam +te ic ge+tafode eal +ta yfel, +te +tu dydest. 
<R 88> 
Wa me, for+tam +te ic sceal to helle for +tinum yfeld+adum 
and +tu hafast gedon, +t+at  ic eom deofles  
bearn and deoflum gelic. 
<R 90> 
Hwi noldest +du gelyfan +tinum scrifte? 
<R 91> 
Ac seldan +tu gemundest +tine sawle. 
Ac oft +tu gemundest, hu +tu o+dre men beswican woldest, 
for+tam ic sceal nu to helle wite. 
<R 93> 
+tonne eft cwy+d seo goda sawle to +tam godan lichaman: Wel 
+te, for+tam +te +tu godes cyrican eadmodlice 
gelome  sohtest and +tine +almessan eadmodlice sealdest and 
+tinum gebedum georne lufedest and  
+tinne scrift oft gesohtest and godes willan +tu eac worhtest. 
<R 97> 
+donne gyt cwy+d seo sawel: Wel +te, gebletsode lichama, 
sceawa on me, to hwilcum setle +tu eart  
toweard. 
<R 98> 
+tin med is on me f+ager and gesyne and +tu symle most eces 
eardes  brucan on blisse. 
<R 100> 
Ne m+ag nan man hit asecgan ymbe +ta f+agernessa, +te god 
hafa+d gegearwod +tam mannum, +te hine lufian  
willa+d. 
<R 102> 
God +almihtig us la+da+t to heofona rice and deofol us wile 
forl+aran and forl+adan to helle wite. 
<R 103> 
God us la+da+t to life and  
<P 168> 
deofol us la+da+t to wite and 
beswice+d to dea+de. 
<R 104> 
God us l+are+d  w+accan and sent us on leohte heortan, +t+at 
he wolde, +t+at we oft cyrican sohtan. 
<R 106> 
Deofol us l+are+d sl+apnesse and sent us on sl+aw+de, +t+at 
we ne magon +tone beorhtan beacn +t+are bellan  
gehyran. 
<R 108> 
God us l+are+d f+astan and +almessan syllan earmum mannum and 
deofol us l+are+d oferfylle. 
<R 109> 
God us l+are+d cl+annesse and deofol us  l+are+d feala fule 
ge+tanc. 
<R 110> 
God us l+are+d eadmodnessa and deofol us l+ar+d ofermodnesse. 
<R 111> 
God us l+ar+d sibbe and wynsumnesse and deofol us l+ar+d 
unsibbe and wrohte. 
<R 112> 
Utan we forl+atan yfele lare and ge+tencan +tone micelan 
domes d+ag and dimnessa helle grundes, +te  
man +tar on dryh+d d+ages and nihtes. 
<R 114> 
+tar bi+d wurma geflit and to+ta [^ASSMANN: to +ta^] 
gristbitung. 
<R 115> 
+tar bi+d unadw+asced fyr. 
+tar bi+d wea and wite. 
<R 116> 
+tar hi sculan wunian o+d ende. 
+tonne is us micel neod+tearf, +t+at we gleawlice ongitan +ta 
scortnesse +tysse worulde and +ta ecnesse  
+t+as toweardan lifes. 
<R 118> 
+t+at ne by+d n+afre geendad +tam synnfullum mannum, +t+at 
ece wite, and +tam so+df+astan +t+at ece lif. 
<R 119> 
For+dam  swa hwilc man swa godes weorc cl+anlice and 
behogodlice wirce+d, he bi+d ecelice gehealden. 
<R 121> 
Se +te hit +tonne recel+aaslice and uncl+anlice wyrce+d, he 
bi+d awyrged into helle. 
<R 122> 
Be +dam Crist cw+a+d: Swa hwilc man swa hine lufa+d mid 
cl+anre and mid inweardre heortan, he hafa+d  
leoht in heofona rice. 
<R 124> 
+tonne cwy+d drihten:  Eala man, ic +te geworhte and ic for 
+te +trowude and ic w+as a rode ahangen and 
mid swipum geswungen. 
<R 126> 
Eala man, hwar syndon +ta lean, +te +tu me dydest for minre 
+trowunge? 
<R 127> 
Ne gemundest +du na, hwilc hit bi+d on helle? 
<R 128> 
+tar bi+d eagana wop and to+da [^ASSMANN: to +da^] geheaw. 
<R 129> 
+tar bi+d unadw+asced fyr. 
+t+ar beo+d egesfulle wyrmas, +ta +te wundia+d  and slita+d 
+ta synnfullan sawle, and +ta deofla drifa+d +ta sawle  
<P 169> 
to helle. 
<R 131> 
And +tonne f+ar+d Sanctus Petrus mid heom and byr+d on his 
handa helle c+age, and nis nan deofol, ne  
nan synful sawl, +t+at hi m+age behydan. 
<R 133> 
And hi +tonne scylan ealle to helle wite and hi man +tonne in 
bescyf+d, and Sanctus Petrus +ta duru  
belyc+d and hine  fram aw+ande+d.
<R 135>
And he +tonne weorpe+d +ta c+aga ofer his exle into helle.
<R 136>
+tis he de+d +tonne, for+dam +te he ne m+ag locian on +t+at
sar and on +tone micelan wop, +te hi wepa+d mid 
helle deoflum.
<R 138>
Hlud bi+d se cnyll ofer ealle eor+dan, +tonne seo c+ag
fealle+d innan helle.
<R 139>
Ac biddan we urne drihten mid halgum gebedum and mid
+almessan, +t+at he us gehealde on heofonan 
rice, +tar he leofa+d and rixa+d a worulda woruld a butan ende.



<B COINSPOL>
<Q O3/4 IR RULE POLITY>
<N INST POLITY>
<A WULFSTAN>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T RULE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  WULFSTAN'S 'INSTITUTES OF POLITY'.
DIE 'INSTITUTES OF POLITY,
CIVIL AND ECCLESIASTICAL'.
SWISS STUDIES IN ENGLISH, 47.
ED. K. JOST.
BERN: FRANCKE VERLAG, 1959.
PP. 39.1 - 164.12^]

[^B13.2.1.1^]
<P 39>
<R 1>
[}BE HEOFONLICUM CYNINGE.}]
(\In nomine domini.\) An is ece cyning, wealdend and wyrhta
ealra gesceafta.
<R 2>
He is on riht cyning and cyninga wuldor and ealra cyninga
betst, +te +afre gewurde o+d+de geweor+de.
<R 3>
Him symble sy lof and wuldor and ece wyr+dmynt a to worulde,
Amen.
<P 41>
<R 4>
[}BE EOR+DLICUM CYNINGE.}]
Cristenum cyninge gebyre+d on cristenre +teode, +t+at he sy,
ealswa hit riht is, folces frofer and rihtwis
hyrde ofer cristene heorde.
<R 5>
And him gebyre+t, +t+at he eallum m+agne cristendom r+are and
Godes cyrican +aghw+ar georne fyr+drie and fri+die.
<P 43>
<R 6>
And eall cristen folc sibbie and sehte mid rihtre lage, swa he
geornost m+age and +durh +alc +ting rihtwisnesse
lufie for Gode and for worulde.
<R 7>
For+dam +turh +t+at he sceall sylf fyrmest ge+teon and his
+teodscipe eac swa, +te he riht lufie for Gode
and for worulde.
<P 45>
<R 8>
And him gebyre+d, +t+at he geornlice fylste +tam, +de riht
willan, and a hetelice styre +tam, +de +twyres willan.
<R 9>
He sceal mand+ade menn +treagan +tearle mid woruldlicre
steore, and he sceal ryperas and reaferas and
+das woruldstruderas hatian and hynan and eallum Godes
feondum [{styrnlice{] wi+dstandan.
<P 46>
<R 10>
And +ag+der he sceal beon mid rihte, ge milde ge re+te, milde
+tam godum and styrne +tam yfelum.
<R 11>
+d+at bi+d cynincges riht and cynelic gewuna, and +t+at sceal
on +teode swy+dost gefremian.
<R 12>
La, +turh hw+at sceal Godes +teowum and Godes +tearfum fri+d
and fultum cuman butan +turh Crist and +turh
cristenne cyning?
<P 47>
<R 13>
+turh unwisne cyning folc wyr+d geyrmed for oft, n+as +ane,
for his misr+ade.
<R 14>
+turh cynincges wisdom folc wyr+d ges+alig and gesundful and
sigef+ast.
<R 15>
And +dy sceal wis cyning cristendom and cynedom miclian and
m+arsian, and a he sceal h+a+tendom hindrian
and hyrwan.
<P 48>
<R 16>
He sceal boclarum hlystan swy+de georne and Godes beboda
geornlice healdan and gelome wi+d witan wisdom
smeagan, gif he Gode wile rihtlice hyran.
<P 49>
<R 17>
And gif hwa to +tam strec sy ahw+ar on +teode, +t+at riht
nelle healdan swa swa he sceolde, ac Godes lage
wyrde o+d+de folclage myrre, +tonne cy+de hit man +tam
cyninge, gif man +t+at nyde scyle, and he +tonne sona
r+ade embe +ta bote and gewylde hine geornlice to +dam,
+te his +tearf sy, huru un+tances, gif he elles
ne m+age.
<P 50>
<R 18>
And do, swa him +tearf is, cl+ansige his +teode for Gode and
for worulde, gif he Godes mildse geearnian
wille.
<R 19>
And smeage gelome, hw+at him sy to donne and hw+at to forganne
after Godes rihte.
<R 20>
And +tanan him sceal swy+dost +afre arisan word and
weor+dscipe +ag+der ge on life ge +after life, +t+at he
Godes riht lufie and unriht ascunie and godcunde lare georne
gehyre oft and gelome him sylfum to +tearfe.
<P 51>
<R 21>
For+tam sona unstranga+d, se +te lytel hafa+d lichamlices
fostres, and se +de seldan hafa+d gastlicne foster,
sona hit his sawle dera+d swi+de +tearle.
<R 22>
Ac se by+d ges+alig, +te godcunde lare oftost gehyre+d and
geornlicast healde+t.
<P 52>
<R 23>
[}BE CYNEDOME.}]
Eahta sweras syndon, +te rihtlicne cynedom trumlice upwega+d.
<R 24>
So+df+astnys, Mod+tw+arnes, Rumheortnes, R+adf+astnes,
(\Ueritas, Patientia, Largitas, Persuasibilitas,\)
Egesfulnes, Fyr+dringnes, Lihtingnes, Rihtwisnes, (\Correctio
malorum, Exultatio bonorum, Leuitas tributi,
Equitas iudicii\) .
<P 53>
<R 25>
And seofon +ting [{gedafenia+d{] rihtwisum cyninge.
<R 26>
An +arest, +t+at he swy+de micelne Godes ege h+abbe, and
o+der, +t+at he +afre rihtwisnesse lufige.
<R 27>
And +dridde, +t+at he eadmod sy wi+d gode, and feor+de, +t+at
he sti+dmod sy wi+d yfele.
<P 54>
<R 28>
And fifte, +t+at he Godes +tearfum frefrige and fede.
<R 29>
And syxte, +t+at he Godes cyrcan fyr+drige and fri+dige.
<R 30>
And seofo+de, +t+at he be freondan and be fremdan fadige
gelice on rihtlican dome.
<P 55>
<R 31>
[}BE CYNESTOLE.}]
+alc riht cynestol stent on +trym stapelum, +te fullice ariht
stent.
<R 32>
An is (\Oratores\) , and o+der is (\Laboratores\) , and 
+dridde is (\Bellatores\) .
<R 33>
(\Oratores\) sindon gebedmen, +te Gode sculan +teowian and 
d+ages and nihtes for ealne +teodscipe +tingian georne.
<P 56>
<R 34>
(\Laboratores\) sindon weorcmen, +te tilian sculon, +t+as 
+de eall +teodscype big sceall libban.
<R 35>
(\Bellatores\) syndon wigmen, +te eard sculon werian wiglice 
mid w+apnum.
<R 36>
On +tyssum +drym stapelum sceall +alc cynestol standan mid
rihte on cristenre +teode.
<P 57>
<R 37>
And awacie heora +anig, sona se stol scylf+d, and fulberste
heora +anig, +tonne hrys+d se stol ny+der, and
+t+at wyr+d +t+are +teode eall to un+tearfe.
<R 38>
Ac sta+telige man and strangie and trumme hi georne mid
wislicre Godes lare and mid rihtlicre woruldlage,
+t+at wyr+d +tam +teodscype to langsuman r+ade.
<P 58>
<R 39>
And so+d is, +t+at ic secge, awacie se cristendom, sona
scylf+d se cynedom, and ar+are man unlaga ahwar
on lande o+d+de unsida lufige ahwar to swi+de, +t+at cym+d
+t+are +teode eall to un+tearfe.
<R 40>
Ac do man, swa hit +tearf is, alecge man unriht and r+are up
Godes riht, +t+at m+ag to +tearfe for Gode and
for worulde, Amen.
<P 62>
<R 41>
[}BE +DEODWITAN.}]
Cyningan and bisceopan, eorlan and heretogan, gerefan and
deman, larwitan and lahwitan gedafena+d mid
rihte for Gode and for worulde, +t+at hi anr+ade weor+dan
and Godes riht lufian.
<R 42>
And bisceopas syndon bydelas and Godes lage lareowas, and hi
sculan [{riht{] bodian and unriht forbeodan,
and se +te oferhogige, +t+at he heom hlyste, h+abbe him
gem+ane +t+at wi+d God sylfne.
<P 63>
<R 43>
And gif bisceopas forgyma+d, +t+at hi synna ne styra+d ne
unriht forbeoda+t ne Godes riht ne cy+ta+d, ac clumia+d
mid ceaflum, +t+ar hi sceoldan clypian, wa heom +t+are
swigean.
<R 44>
Be +tam spr+ac se witega and grimlice +tus cw+a+d.
<R 45>
(\Hec dicit dominus, Si non adnuntiaueris iniquo iniquitatem
suam, sanguinem eius de manu tua requiram\) .
<R 46>
Gif +tu +tam synfullan nelt cw+a+d ure drihten synna gestyran
and unriht forbeoden and +dam manfullan mand+ada
cy+dan, +tu scealt +ta sawle bitere forgyldan.
<P 64>
<R 47>
+dis m+ag to heorthoge +aghwylcum bisceope be+tence hine
georne be +tam, +te he wylle.
<R 48>
And se +te nele Godes bodan hyran mid rihte ne godcundre lare
gyman, swa he sceolde, he sceall hyran
feondan, gyf he nele freondan.
<R 49>
For+tam se bi+d Godes oferhoga, +te Godes bodan oferhoga+d,
ealswa Crist sylf on his godspelle swytolice
s+ade, +ta +ta he +tus cw+a+d.
<R 50>
(\Qui uos audit, me audit et qui uos spernit, me spernit\) , He
cw+a+d, se +de eow hyre+d me gehyre+d, and
se +te forhoga+d eow, me he forhoga+d.
<P 65>
<R 51>
Eala, sw+ar is seo byr+den, +te Godes bydel beran sceall, gif
he nele georne unriht forbeoden.
<R 52>
For+dam +teh he sylf tela do and o+der man misdo, +t+at him
sceall gederian, and gif he nele styran.
<R 53>
And +teh Godes bydel misdo, ne beseo man na +t+arto, ac gyme
his lare, gif he tela l+are, swa swa Crist
l+arde, +t+at man don sceolde, +ta +ta he on his godspelle
swutolice +tus cw+a+d.
<R 54>
(\Que hi dicunt, facite, que autem faciunt, facere nolite,\)
He cw+a+d, fylia+d heora larum and na heora
synnum.
<P 66>
<R 55>
Ne sceal +anig man +afre for bisceopes synnum hine sylfne
forgyman, ac fylige his lare, gif he wel l+are.
<R 56>
And la, leofan men, do+d, swa ic bidde, butan gebelge,
hlysta+d, hw+at ic secge.
<R 57>
Ic wat swy+de georne me sylfne forworhtne wordes and d+ade
ealles to swy+de, ne dear +teah for forswygian
mid ealle Godes ege fela +tara +tinga, +te dere+d +tisse
+teode.
<P 67>
<R 58>
[} (\ITEM DE EPISCOPIS.\) }]
Bisceopas sculan bocum and gebedum
fyligean and d+ages and nihtes oft and gelome
clypian to Criste and for eall cristen folc +tingian georne.
<R 59>
And hi sceolan leornian and rihtlice l+aran and ymb folces
d+ada geornlice smeagan.
<P 68>
<R 60>
And hi scylan bodian and bysnian georne godcunde +tearfe
cristenre +teode.
<R 61>
And ne scylan hyg +anig unriht willes ge+tafian ac to +alcan
rihte geornlice fylstan.
<R 62>
Hy sculan Godes ege habban on gemynde and ne eargian for
woruldege ealles to swy+de.
<P 69>
<R 63>
Ac bodian hy symle Godes riht georne and unriht forbeodan,
gyme, se +te wille.
<R 64>
For+dam wace bi+d se hyrde funden to heorde, +te nele +ta
heorde, +te he healdan sceal, huru mid clypunge
bewerian, butan he elles m+age, gif +t+ar hwylc +teodscea+ta
scea+tian onginne+t.
<P 70>
<R 65>
Nis nan swa yfel scea+ta, swa is deofol sylf; he bi+d aa ymbe
+t+at an hu he on manna sawlum m+ast gescea+tian
m+age.
<R 66>
+tonne motan +ta hyrdas beon swi+te wacore and geornlice
clypiende, +te wi+d +tone +teodscea+dan folce scylan
scyldan.
<P 71>
<R 67>
+t+at syndon bisceopas and m+assepreostas, +te godcunde heorde
gewarian and bewerian scylan mid wislican
laran, +t+at se wodfreca werewulf to swi+de ne toslite ne to
fela ne abite of godcundre heorde.
<R 68>
And se +te oferhogie, +t+at he heom lyste, h+abbe him gem+ane
+t+at wi+d God sylfne.
<P 72>
<R 69>
Eala, fela is swa+teah +t+ara +te hwonlice gyma+d and lythwon
recca+d embe boca beboda o+d+de bisceopa lara.
<R 70>
And eac emb+a bletsunga o+d+de unbletsunga leohtlice l+ata+d
and na understanda+t swa swa hy sceoldan, hw+at
Crist on his godspelle swutollice s+ade, +ta +ta he +tus
cw+a+t.
<P 73>
<R 71>
(\Qui uos audit, et reliqua, Et item, Quodcumque ligaueritis
et cetera. Et item, Quorum remiseritis
peccata, remittuntur eis et cetera. Alibi etiam
scriptum est, Quodcumque benedixeritis, et cetera.
Et psalmista terribiliter loquitur dicens, qui noluit
benedictionem, prolongabitur ab eo\) .
<P 74>
<R 75>
[{Swylc{] is to be+tencenne and wi+d Godes yrre to warnienne
symle.
<R 76>
Nu l+are we eac georne manna gehwylcne, +t+at he Godes larum
and his lagum fylgie, +tonne geearna+d he
him ece myrh+de.
<P 75>
<R 77>
[} (\ITEM.\) }]
Bisceopes d+agweorc, +d+at bi+d mid rihte his gebedu
+arest and +donne his bocweorc, r+ading o+d+don
rihting, lar o+d+don leornung.
<R 78>
And his cyrictida on rihtlicne timan a be +tam +tingum, +te
+t+arto gebyrige.
<R 79>
And +tearfena fot+tweal and his +almesgedal and weorcwisung,
be +dam +te hit neod sy.
<P 76>
<R 80>
Eac him gerisa+d handcr+aftas gode, and +t+at man on his
hirede cr+aftas begange, huru +t+at +d+ar +anig to idel
ne wunige.
<R 81>
And eac him geris+d wel, +t+at he on gemote oft and gelome
godcunde lare d+ale +tam folce, +te he +tonne mid
sy.
<P 77>
<R 82>
[} (\ITEM.\) }]
A gerist bisceopum wisdom and w+arscype and +t+at
+ta habban weor+dlice wisan, +ta +ta heom fylian,
and +t+at hy sundorcr+afta sumne eac [{cunnen{] .
<R 83>
Ne gerise+d +anig unnytt +afre mid bisceopum, ne doll ne dysig
ne to oferdruncen ne cildsung on sp+ace
ne idel gegaf on +anig wisan ne +at ham ne on si+de ne on
+anigre stowe.
<R 84>
Ac wisdom and w+arscipe gedafenia+d heora hade, and gedrih+ta
gerisa+t +tam, +de heom fylia+d.
<P 78>
<R 85>
[}BE EORLUM.}]
Eorlas and heretogan and +das worulddeman and eac swa gerefan
agan nyd+tearfe, +t+at hi riht lufian for
Gode and for worulde.
<R 86>
And nahwar +turh undom for feo ne for freondscype forgyman
heora wisdom, swa +t+at hi wendan unriht to
rihte o+d+ton undom deman earmum to hyn+te.
<P 79>
<R 87>
Ac a hy sculan cyrican ofer ealle o+dre +ting wyr+dian and
werian, and wudewan and steopcild hy sculon
retan, +tearfena helpan and +teowetlingan beorgan, gif hi
Godes willan rihte willa+d wyrcan.
<R 88>
And +teofas and +deodscea+dan hy scylan hatian and ryperas
and reaferas hy sculan hynan, butan hy geswican.
<R 89>
And symle hy sculon unriht swy+de ascunian.
<P 80>
<R 90>
For+tam so+d is, +t+at ic secge, gelyfe, se +te wille.
<R 91>
Wa +tam, +te woh drif+d ealles to lange, butan he geswice;
witodlice he sceall drefan dimne and deopne
hellewites grund, helpes bed+aled.
<R 92>
Ac to lyt is +tara +te +t+at understanda, swa swa man sceolde,
ac God hit gebete.
<R 93>
Ac do freonda gehwylc, eallswa hit +tearf is, warnige hine
georne and beorge him sylfum, +t+at he God
ne abelge ealles to swy+de, ac cweme his drihtne mid rihtlicre
d+ade.
<P 81>
<R 94>
[}BE GEREFAN.}]
Riht is, +d+at gerefan geornlice tylian and symle heora
hlafordan strynan mid rihte.
<R 95>
Ac nu hit is geworden ealles to swy+de, sy+d+dan Eadgar
geendode, swa swa God wolde, +t+at ma is +t+ara rypera
+tonne rihtwisra, and is earmlic +ding, +t+at +da syndon
ryperas, +te sceoldan beon hyrdas cristenes
folces.
<R 96>
Hy rypa+d +ta earman butan +alcere scylde o+dre hwile and
hyna+d +ta heorde, +te hi sceoldan healdan, and
mid yfelan holan earme men beswica+d.
<P 82>
<R 97>
And unlaga r+ara+d on +aghwylce wisan earmum to hyn+te and
wydewan bestrypa+d oft and gelome.
<R 98>
Ac hwilum man ceas wislice +ta men on +teode folce to hyrdum,
+te noldan for woruldsceame ne ne dorstan
for Godes ege +anig +ding swician ne strynan on unriht, ac
stryndan mid rihte.
<R 99>
And sy+d+dan hit man sohte be +tam ealra geornast, +te
nearwlicast cu+dan swician and befician and mid
leasbregdum earmum mannum derian and of unbealafullum ra+tost
feoh ger+acan.
<R 100>
Sy+d+dan man gremede God swy+de +tearle oft and gelome.
<R 101>
And wa +t+as gestreones +tam +te his m+ast hafa+t on unriht
gestryned, butan he geswice and +de deoppor gebete
for Gode and for worulde.
<P 85>
<R 102>
[}BE SACERDUM.}]
Sacerdas sculan on heora scriftscirum wislice and w+arlice
l+adan and l+aran +ta godcundan heorda, +te hi
healdan sculan.
<R 103>
+ag+der hi sculan, ge wel bodian ge wel bysnian o+drum mannum.
<P 87>
<R 104>
And +ag+der hi scylon +at Godes dome gescead agyldan, ge
heora sylfra d+ada ge ealles +t+as folces, +te hi
to Godes handa healdan sceolan.
<R 105>
And gyf hi aht gedon scylon, ne magon hi wandian na+ter ne for
ege ne for lufe +aniges mannes, +t+at hi
riht ne bodian and unriht forbeodan.
<P 89>
<R 106>
Wace by+d se hyrde +at falde nyt, +te nele +ta heorde, +te he
healden sceal, midhreame bewerian, butan
he elles m+age, gif +t+ar hwylc +teodscea+da scea+dian
onginne+d.
<R 107>
Nys nan swa yfel scea+da, swa is deofol sylf, he bi+d aa embe
+t+at an, hu he on manna sawlum m+ast gescea+tian
m+age.
<R 108>
+tonne motan +ta hyrdas beon swy+de wacore and georne
clypiende, +te wi+d +tone +teodscea+tan [{folce{] gescyldan
sculan.
<R 109>
+t+at syndon bisceopas and m+assepreostas, +te godcunde heorde
gewarian and bewerian sculon mid wislicre
lare.
<P 91>
<R 110>
+dy he ne m+ag wandian, gyf he him sylfum gebeorgan sceall,
na+tor ne for lufe ne for ege, +t+at he mannum
+t+at rihtteste ne secge.
<R 111>
Ne m+ag he wandian na+dor ne for heanum ne for ricum, for+dam
ne de+t he naht, eargie he o+d+ton hine forsceamige,
riht to spreconne.
<P 93>
<R 112>
Earme gef+are+d he, gif +turh his hnescnysse seo heord
forwur+d, +te he healdan sceall, and he sylf for+d
mid.
<R 113>
+deah ure heorda hwylc an sceap forgyme, we willa+d, +t+at he
hit forgylde.
<R 114>
And [{hw+at{] gefara+d +tonne +at Godes egeslican dome +ta
hyrdas, +te ne cunnon gehealdon +ta godcundan heorde,
+te Crist mid his agenum life gebohte, and +te hi healdon
sceoldan, gif hi cu+dan?
<P 95>
<R 115>
Ac na+tor +turh larleaste hi ne cunnon ne l+adan, ne l+aran,
ne lacnian hi rihtlice.
<R 116>
Mid hwam wene we, forgylda+d hi hi +tonne?
<R 117>
Wa heom +tonne, +t+at hi +afre underfengon, +t+at hi
gehealdon ne cu+don.
<R 118>
La, hu m+ag blind man o+derne l+adan; Hu m+ag unl+ared
[{dema{] o+derne l+aran?
<P 97>
<R 119>
Wa +tam witodlice, +te godcunde heorde underfeh+d and na+ter
gehealdan ne can, ne hine sylfne ne +ta heorde,
+te he healdan sceolde, and wyrs +tam, +te can and nele.
<R 120>
Eala, eala, fela is +t+ara, +te sacerdhades on unriht gyrna+d,
swa hit +tincan m+ag, swy+dost for idelum gylpe
and for gitsunge woruldgestreona, and ne cunnon na, +t+at
hy cunnon sceoldan.
<P 99>
<R 121>
Be +tam cw+a+d se witega and +dus cw+a+d, (\Ue sacerdotibus
qui comedunt peccata populi et reliqua.\) Wa +tam
sacerdum, he cw+a+d, +te freta+d and forswelga+d folces
synna.
<R 123>
+t+at syndon +ta, +de nella+d o+d+de ne cunnon o+d+don ne
durron folc wi+d synna gewarnian and synna gestyran,
ac gyrna+d +teah heora sceatta on teo+tungum and on eallum
cyricgerihtum.
<R 124>
And na+dor ne hi mid bysnungum wel ne l+ada+d, ne mid bodungum
wel ne l+ara+d, ne mid d+adbotum wel ne lacnia+d,
ne mid gebedr+adenne fore ne +tingia+d.
<P 101>
<R 125>
Ac l+acca+d of manna begeatum, loc hw+at hi gefon magan,
eallswa gyfre hremnas of holde do+d, +t+ar +t+ar
hi to magon.
<R 126>
Hit is ealles +te wyrse, sy+d+dan hy hit ealles habba+d,
+tonne ne ateo+d hi hit na, swa swa hi sceoldan,
ac glencga+d heora wif mid +tam, +te hi weofoda sceoldan.
<R 127>
And macia+d eall heom sylfum to woruldwlence and to idelre
rence, +t+at hi Gode sceoldan don to weor+dunge
on cyriclicum +tingum o+d+don on earmra manna hy+d+dum
o+d+don on [{hernumenra{] bygenum.
<P 103>
<R 128>
O+d+don on sumum +tingum +te mihte to langsumere +dearfe
+ag+der ge heom sylfum ge eac +tam, +te heom on Godes
est heora +ting sylla+d.
<R 129>
+tonne is mycel +tearf, +t+at se +te +ar +dissum misdyde,
+t+at he heononfor+d hit georne gebete.
<P 104>
<R 130>
For+dam understande, se +te cunne, mycel is and m+are, +t+at
sacerd ah to donne folce to +tearfe, gif he
his drihtne gecwem+d mid rihte.
<R 131>
Mycel is seo halsung and m+are is seo halgung, +te deofla
afyrsa+d and on fleame gebringa+d, swa oft swa
man fulla+d o+d+ton husel halga+d.
<R 132>
And englas +t+ar hwearfia+d and +da d+ada beweardia+d and
+durh Godes mihta +tam sacerdum fylsta+d, swa oft
swa hi Criste +tenia+d mid rihte.
<P 105>
<R 133>
And swa hi do+d symle, swa oft swa hi geornlice inneweardre
heortan clypia+d to Criste and for folces
neode +tingia+d georne.
<R 134>
And +ti man sceall for Godes ege m+a+te on hade gecnawan mid
gesceade.
<P 106>
<R 135>
La leof, deope us is beboden +t+at we geornlice mynegian and
l+aran scylan, +t+at manna gehwylc to Gode
buge and fram synnum gecyrre.
<R 136>
Se cwyde is swy+de egeslic, +te God +turh +tone witegan be
+tam cw+a+d, +te Godes folce riht bodian sculon,
+t+at syndon bisceopas and m+assepreostas.
<R 137>
He cw+a+d be +tam, (\Clama, ne cesses, quasi tuba et
reliqua\) , Clypa hlude and ahefe up +dine stemne swa
hlude swa byme and gecy+d minum folce, +t+at hit fram synnum
gecyrre.
<P 107>
<R 138>
Gif +du +tonne +t+at ne dest, ac forswugast hit and nelt folce
his +tearfe gecy+dan, +tonne scealt +du ealra
+t+ara sawla on domesd+ag gescead agyldan, +te +turh +t+at
losia+d, +te hi nabba+d +ta lare and +da mynegunge,
+te hi be+torftan.
<R 139>
+tes cwyde m+ag beon swy+de gemyndelic eallum +tam, +te to
+dam gesette syn, +t+at hi Godes folce riht bodian
sculan.
<R 140>
And folc ah eac mycele +tearfe, +t+at hi w+are beon +t+as
cwydes +te +t+ar+after gecweden is; he cw+a+d, se witega,
+after +tam.
<R 141>
Gif +du folce riht bodast and +du hit gebigean ne miht to
rihte, +tonne gebyrhst +du +teh +tinre agenre sawle
and se +te woh drif+d and geswican nele, he sceal habban
+t+as ece wite.
<P 108>
<R 142>
+t+at is, +t+at hi +tonne sceolan to helle faran mid sawle
and mid lichoman and mit deofle wunian on hellewitum.
<R 143>
Wa +tam, +te +t+ar sceall wunian on witum; him w+are betere,
+t+at he n+afre on weorulde man ne gewurde, +tonne
he gewurde.
<R 144>
Nis se man on life, +te areccan m+age ealle +ta yrm+da, +te se
gebidan sceall, se +de on +ta witu ealles behreose+d,
and hit is ealles +te wyrse, +te his +anig ende ne
cym+d n+afre to worulde.
<P 109>
<R 145>
[}BE GEHADEDUM MANNUM.}]
<P 110>
Gehadedum mannum gebyre+d +alc cl+annes, for+dam +te hi sculon
eallum o+drum mannum +alce uncl+annesse forbeodan;
and +alce cl+anesse, gif hi riht do+d, hi sculon be
heom sylfum geornost gebysnian.
<P 111>
<R 146>
+tonne is hit swy+te egeslic, +t+at +da +te sceoldan eallum
cristenum mannum riht bodian and eac wel bysnian,
+t+at hi syn sume gewordene bysen to forwyrde swy+dor
+tonne to +tearfe.
<R 147>
+t+at syndon +ta +awbrecan, +te +turh healicne had ciric+awe
underfengan and sy+d+dan +t+at abr+acan.
<P 112>
<R 148>
Nis nanum weofod+tene alyfed, +t+at he wifian mote, ac is
+alcum forboden.
<R 149>
Nu is +teah +t+ara ealles to fela, +te +tone +awbryce wyrca+d
and geworht habba+d.
<P 113>
<R 150>
Ac ic bidde for Godes lufan and eac eornostlice beode, +t+at
man +t+as geswice.
<R 151>
L+awedum men is +alc wif forboden, butan his riht+awe,
gehadode syndon sume swa +turh deofol beswicene,
+t+at hi wifia+d on unriht and forwyrca+d hi sylfe +turh
+done +awbryce, +te hi on wunia+d.
<P 114>
<R 152>
Ac ic bidde georne, +t+at man +t+as mor+des heononfor+d georne
geswice.
<R 153>
Cyrice is sacerdes [{+awe{] .
<P 115>
<R 154>
Constantinus, se m+ara casere, gesamnode swy+de mycelne sino+d
on +t+are ceastre Nicea for trymmincge rihtes
geleafan.
<P 116>
<R 155>
On +dam sino+de w+aron CCC and XVIII biscopa of
manegum leodscipum gegaderode, and hi +t+ar geswuteloden
rihtne geleafan.
<R 156>
And gesettan +ta +t+as to swutelunge +tone m+assancredan, +te
man wide sing+d, and cyric+tenunga heo f+agere
gedihtan and m+anige o+dre +ting +ag+ter ge be Godes +teowum
ge be Gode sylfum.
<R 157>
Hy cw+adon +t+ar ealle anr+adlice, +t+at hit riht w+are, gif
weofod+ten, +t+at is biscop o+d+de m+assepreost o+d+de
diacon, gewifode, +t+at he +tolode +afre his hades and
amansumod wurde, butan he geswice and +de deoppor
gebete.
<P 118>
<R 158>
Feower syno+das w+aron gesamnode for rihtan geleafan ymbe +ta
halgan +trynnysse and ymbe Cristes menniscnesse.
<R 159>
Se forma w+as on Nicea and se o+der w+as sy+d+dan on
Constantinopolim, +t+ar w+aron CL biscopa.
<R 160>
Se +dridda w+as on Effesum, CC biscopa, and se feor+da
w+as on Calcedonea, fela biscopa +atg+adere.
<P 119>
<R 161>
And ealle hi w+aron anr+ade +at eallum +tam +dingum, +te man
on fruman on Nicea gesette, and ealle hi forbudon
+afre +alc wiflac weofod+tenum.
<R 162>
+dencan +da nu, +te to +tam +dryste syn, +t+at hi God
oferseo+d and swa maniges haliges mannes dom, swa on
+tissum sino+dum gesamnode w+aron and gehw+ar sy+d+don,
hwylces leanes hy hym wenan magon and eac wenan ne
+turfon.
<R 163>
Ac gewitod witan, +t+at hi yfel lean habban sculon and
grimlice Godes graman +turh +t+at, +te hy swa God
gremia+d, +t+at hi eall heora lif libba+d on fyl+de.
<P 120>
<R 164>
Weofod+tenas ic bidde, +t+at hi be+dencan hi sylfe and
geswican +alcere fyl+de.
<R 165>
And +ta, +te +ar +tyssan +tone ungewunan h+afdon, +t+at hi
heora wif glengdan, swa hi weofoda sceoldan, geswican
+t+as ungewunon and glencgan heora cyrican, be +tam +te
hi betst magon, +tonne wealda+d hy heom sylfum
+ag+der ge godcundes r+ades ge woruldcundes weor+dscypes.
<R 166>
Nis preostes cwene +anig o+der +ting butan deofles grin, and
se +de mid +tam gegrinod by+d for+d o+t his ende,
he by+d +turh deofol f+aste gefangen, and he eac sy+d+ton
mot faran on feonda hand and forfaran mid
ealle.
<P 121>
<R 167>
Ac helpe gehwa georne hys sylfes +ta hwile, +te he mage and
mote, and gebuge +alc man fram unrihte to
rihte, +tonne gebyrh+d man wi+d ece wite.
<R 168>
And eac se, +te +turhwuna+d on godum d+adum for+d o+d his
ende, he +t+as habban sceal ece edlean.
<R 169>
Nu eow is so+d as+ad, understanda+t eow sylfe be +dam, +te ge
willan; God eow getrymme to eowre agenre +tearfe
and us ealle gehealde, swa his wylla sy, Amen.
<P 122>
<R 170>
[}BE ABODDUM.}]
Riht is +t+at abbodas and huru abbadissan f+aste on mynstrum
singallice wunian and georne heora heorda
symle begyman and aa heom wel bysenian and rihtlice bodian.
<R 171>
And n+afre ymbe woruldcara ne idele pryda ne carian to swy+te
ne ealles to gelome, ac oftost hi abysgian
mid godcundan neodan.
<R 172>
Swa gebyre+d abbodan and munuchades mannum.
<P 123>
<R 173>
[}BE MUNECUM.}]
Riht is +t+at munecas beon d+ages and nihtes inweardre heortan
a to Gode +tencan and geornlice clypian
and mid eallum eadmedum regollice libban.
<R 174>
And hy symle asyndrian fram woruldbysegan, swa hi geornost
magan, and don, swa heom +dearf is, carian
+afre, hu hi swy+dost magan Gode gecweman.
<P 124>
<R 175>
And eall +t+at gel+astan, +t+at +t+at hi behetan, +ta hi had
underfengon.
<R 176>
Fylian heora bocum and gebedum georne, leornian and l+aran,
swa hi geornost magon, and +aghwylce wlence
and idele rence and syndrige +ahte and unnytte d+ade and
untidsp+ace forhogian mid ealle.
<R 177>
Swa gebyre+d munecum.
<P 125>
<R 178>
Ac hit is yfel so+d, swa hit +tincan m+ag, +t+at sume synd to
wlance and ealles to rance and to widscri+tole
and to unnytte and ealles to idele +alcere godd+ade and to
mand+ade on dyrnlican galscype, inne aidlode
and ute awildode.
<R 179>
And sume syn apostatan +te sceoldan, gyf hi woldan, wesan
Godes cempan innan heora mynstran.
<R 180>
+t+at synd +ta [{earman{] +te hadas awurpan and on
woruld+tingan wunia+d mid synnan.
<P 126>
<R 181>
Eall hit f+are+d yfele ealles to wide; swa swy+de hit wyrsa+d
wide mid mannum, +t+at +t+as hades men, +te +turh
Godes ege hwylum w+aron nyttoste and geswincfulleste on
godcundan +teowdome and on boccr+afte, +ta syndon
nu wel for+d unnyttaste gewelhw+ar and ne swinca+t a
swi+de ymbe +anige +tearfe for Gode ne for worulde.
<R 182>
Ac macia+d eall be luste and be e+tnesse and lufia+d
oferwiste and idele blisse, woria+d and wandria+d
and ealne d+ag fleardia+d, spellia+d and spilia+d and n+anige
note dreoga+d.
<P 127>
<R 183>
+t+at is la+dlic lif, +t+at hi swa macia+d, eac hit is +te
wyrse, +te ealdras hit ne beta+d, ne sylfe swa wel
fara+d sumes, swa hi sceoldan.
<R 184>
Ac we agan neode +t+at we hit gebetan, swa we geornost magan,
and weor+dan anmode to gem+anelicre +tearfe
for Gode and for worulde.
<P 128>
<R 185>
[}BE MYNECENAN.}]
Riht is +t+at mynecena mynsterlice macian, efne swa we cw+adon
+aror be munecan, and ne towettan woruldmannum
ne +anige sundorcy+d+de to heom habban ealles to
swy+de, ac a regolice libban and hi symle asyndrian
fram woruldbysegan, swa hi geornost magan.
<P 129>
<R 186>
[}BE PREOSTAN AND BE NUNNAN.}]
Riht is, +d+at preostas and efen wel nunnan regollice libban
and cl+annysse healdan be +tam, +te hi willan
on mynstran gewunian o+d+don for worulde weor+dscypes
wealdan.
<P 130>
<R 187>
[}BE L+AWEDUM MANNUM.}]
Riht is, +d+at gehadode men l+awede wissian, hu hi heora +awe
rihtlicost sculon healdan.
<R 188>
+t+at bi+d rihtlic lif, +t+at cniht +turhwunige on his
cnihthade, o+d+t+at he on rihtre m+aden+awe gewifige, and
h+abbe +ta sy+d+dan and n+anige o+dre, +ta hwile +te seo
libbe.
<P 132>
<R 189>
Gif hire +tonne for+dsi+d gebyrige, +tonne is rihtost, +t+at
he +tananfor+d [{wydewa{] +turhwunige.
<R 190>
+deah be +d+as apostoles leafe l+awede man mot for neode o+dre
si+de wifian.
<R 191>
Ac +ta canones forbeoda+t +ta bletsunge +t+arto, +te to
frumwifunge gesette syn.
<R 192>
And eac is geset d+adbot swylcum mannum to donne.
<R 193>
And preoste is forboden, +t+at he beon ne mot, on +dam wisan,
+te he +ar w+as, +at +tam brydlacum, +t+ar man
eft wifa+d, ne +ta bletsunge don, +te to frumwifunge gebyra+d.
<P 134>
<R 194>
Be +tam man m+ag witan, +t+at hit eallunga riht nis, +t+at wer
wifige o+d+ton wif ceorlige oftor +tonne +ane.
<R 195>
And huru hit by+d to m+anigfeald, gewyr+de hit +triddan si+de,
and mid ealle misdon, gewyr+de hit oftor.
<R 196>
And +teah l+awedum mannum wif sy alyfed, +teah hi agon
+tearfe, +t+at hi understandan, hu hit is alyfed.
<R 197>
Nagon l+awede men freolstidum ne f+astentidum +turh
h+amed+ding wifes gemanan, +te ma +te heahhades men +t+at
+ding agan +anigum timan.
<P 136>
<R 198>
[}BE WUDEWAN.}]
Riht is, +d+at wydewan Annan bysenan geornlice fylian.
<R 199>
Seo w+as on temple d+ages and nihtes +teowiende georne.
<P 137>
<R 200>
Heo f+aste swy+de +tearle and gebedum fyligde and
geomeriendum mode clypode to Criste and +almessan d+alde
oft and gelome.
<R 201>
And aa Gode gecwemde +t+as +de heo mihte wordes and d+ade and
h+af+d nu to edleane heofonlice myrh+de.
<R 202>
Swa sceall god wydewe hyran hyre drihtne.
<P 138>
<R 203>
[}BE CYRICAN.}]
Riht is, +d+at cristene men cristendom georne healdan mid
rihte and Cristes cyrican +aghw+ar geornlice
weor+tian and werian.
<R 204>
Ealle we habba+d +anne heofonlicne f+ader and ane gastlice
modor, seo is (\ecclesia\) genamod, +t+at is Godes
cyrce, and [{+ta{] we sculon +afre lufian and weor+dian.
<P 140>
<R 205>
And riht is, +t+at +alc cyrice sy on Godes gri+de and on
ealles cristenes folces, and +t+at cyricgri+d stande
+aghw+ar binnan wagum and gehalgodes cynincges handgri+d
efen unwemme.
<R 206>
For+dam +alc cyricgri+d is Cristes agen gri+d, and +alc
cristen man ah mycle +tearfe, +t+at he on +tam gri+de
mycle m+a+te wite.
<P 142>
<R 207>
For+dam +alces cristenes mannes nyd+tearf is, +t+at he Godes
cyrican georne lufige and weor+dige and hi gelomlice
[{and{] geornlice sece him sylfum to +dearfe.
<R 208>
And huru gehadode +t+ar sculon oftost +deowian and +denian and
for eall cristen folc +dingian georne.
<R 209>
+tonne agan weofod+denas to smeagenne symble, +t+at hi
huru+dinga heora lif fadian, swa swa to cyrcan gebyrige
mid rihte.
<P 144>
<R 210>
Cyrice is mid rihte sacerdes +awe, and se +de to cyrican
weor+de gehadod, nage hine +anig man, +de Godes
lage recce, +tanon to donne, butan he [{hi{] mid heafodgylte
fullice forwyrce.
<R 211>
And +donne sceall Cristes scirgerefa +t+at witan and ymbe
+t+at dihtan and deman, swa swa bec t+acan.
<P 146>
<R 212>
And ne sceolde man +afre cyrican derian ne +anig woh beodan on
+anige wisan.
<R 213>
Ac nu syndon +teah cyrcan wide and side wace gegri+dode and
yfele ge+deowode and cl+ane berypte ealdra
gerihta and innan bestrypte +alcera gerisena.
<P 148>
<R 214>
And cyric+tenas syndon [{m+a+de{] and munde gewelhw+ar
bed+alde.
<R 215>
And wa +tam, +te +d+as wealt, +teh he swa ne wene.
<R 216>
For+dam +alc +dara by+d witodlice Godes sylfes feond, +te by+d
Godes cyricena feond and +de Godes cyricena
riht wana+d o+d+ton wyrde+t, ealswa hit awriten is.
<R 217>
(\Inimicus enim Christi efficitur omnis, qui ecclesiasticas
res usurpare iniuste conatur, et reliqua\) .
<P 150>
<R 218>
And egeslice spr+ac sanctus Gregorius be +dam eac, +ta +da he
+tus cw+a+d.
<R 219>
(\Si quis ecclesiam Christi denudauerit uel sanctimonia
uiolauerit, anathema sit. Ad quod respondentes
omnes dixerunt, amen\) . Mycel is neod+tearf manna
gehwilcon, +t+at he wi+d +tas +dinc beorge him georne,
and +aghwylc Godes freond warnige hine symble +t+at he
Cristes bryde to swy+de ne misbeode.
<P 152>
<R 221>
Ealle we sculon +anne God lufian and weor+dian and +anne
cristendom georne healdan and +alcne h+a+tendom
mid ealre mihte awyrpan.
<R 222>
And utan +anne cynehlaford holdlice healdan, and freonda
gehwylc o+derne healde mid rihtan getryw+dan.
<P 154>
<R 223>
[}BE EALLUM CRISTENUM MANNUM.}]
Riht is, +d+at ealle cristene men heora cristendom rihtlice
healdan and +dam life libban, +te heom to gebyra+d
+after Godes rihte and +after woruldgerysenum.
<R 224>
And heora wisan ealle be +tam +dingan geornlice fadian, +te
+da wisian, +de hy wislice and w+arlice wisian
cunnon.
<P 156>
<R 225>
And +t+at is +tonne +arest r+ada fyrmest, +t+at manna gehwylc
ofer ealle o+dre +tinc +anne God lufige and +anne
geleafan anr+adlice h+abbe on +d+ane, +te us ealle +arest
geworhte and mid deorwyr+dum ceape eft us gebohte.
<P 158>
<R 226>
And eac we agan +tearfe, +t+at we geornlice smeagan, hu we
symble magan Godes agene beboda rihtlicost
healdan and eall +t+at gel+astan, +t+at +t+at we behetan, +ta
we fulluht underfengon o+d+ton +ta +te +at fulluhte
ure forespr+acon w+aron.
<R 227>
+d+at is +donne +arest, +t+at +t+at man behate+t, +tonne man
fulluhtes gyrn+d, +t+at man a wile deofol ascunian
and his unlare georne forbugan and ealle his unlaga symble
awyrpan and ecelice wi+dsacan [{ealles{] his
gemanan.
<P 160>
<R 228>
And manisi+des sona +t+arafter mid rihtan geleafan so+dlice
swytela+d, +t+at man +tananfor+d aa wile on +anne
God +afre gelyfan and ofer ealle o+dre +ting hine a lufian
and +afre his larum geornlice fylgean and his
agene beboda rihtlice healdan.
<R 229>
And +tonne bi+d +t+at fulluht, swylce hit wedd sy ealra
+t+ara worda and ealles +d+as behates, gehealde, se
+de wille.
<P 162>
<R 230>
And so+d is, +t+at ic [^JOST: is^] secge, englas beweardia+d
+tananfor+d
+afre manna gehwylcne, hu he gel+aste +after his
fulluhte, +t+at man behet +ar, +ta man fulluhtes gyrnde.
<R 231>
Utan +t+at ge+dencan oft and gelome and georne gel+astan,
+t+at +t+at we behetan, +ta we fulluht underfengan
ealswa us +tearf is.
<R 232>
And utan word and weorc rihtlice fadian and ure inge+danc
cl+ansian georne and a+d and wedd werlice healdan.
<P 164>
<R 233>
And gelome understandan +tone mycclan dom, +te we ealle to
scylon.
<R 234>
And beorgan us georne wi+d +tone weallendan bryne hellewites,
and geearnian us +da m+ar+da and +da myrh+da,
+de God h+af+d gegearwod +tam +de his willan on worulde
gewyrca+d, Amen.



<B COAELET4>
<Q O3/4 IR RELT LSIGEW>
<N LET SIGEWEARD>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  AELFRIC'S LETTER TO SIGEWEARD.
('ON THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT').
THE OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF THE HEPTATEUCH.
AELFRIC'S TREATISE ON THE OLD AND NEW
TESTAMENT AND HIS PREFACE TO GENESIS.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 160.
ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.
LONDON, 1969 (1922).
PP. 15.1 - 75.1274  (SAMPLE 1)

TEXT:  AELFRIC'S LETTER TO WULFSIGE.
DIE HIRTENBRIEFE AELFRICS IN
ALTENGLISCHER UND LATEINISCHER FASSUNG.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, IX.
ED. B. FEHR.
HAMBURG: VERLAG VON HENRI GRAND, 1914.
PP. 1.15 - 34.9 (I) (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B1.8.4.4^]
<P 15>
<R 1>
   (\Incipit Libellus de ueteri testamento et nouo.\) +tis
gewrit w+as to anum men gediht ac hit m+ag swa
+deah manegum fremian.
   +ALFRIC ABBOD GRET FREONDLICE SIGWERD +at Eastheolon.
Ic secge +te to so+dan +t+at se bi+d swi+te wis, se +te mid
weorcum spric+d, & se h+af+d for+tgang for Gode &
for worulde, se +de mid godum weorcum hine sylfne gegleng+d, &
+t+at is swi+de geswutelod on halgum 
gesetnissum +t+at +ta halgan weras +te gode weorc beeodon, 
+t+at hi wur+dfulle w+aron on +tissere worulde, & nu
halige sindon on heofenan rices mirh+te, & heora gemynd
+turhwuna+d nu a to worulde for heora 
anr+adnisse & heora 
<P 16>
tryw+de wi+d God.
<R 8>
+da gimeleasan men, +te heora lif adrugon on ealre idelnisse,
& swa geendodon, heora gemynd is 
forgiten on halgum gewritum, buton +t+at secga+d +ta ealdan
gesetnissa heora yfelan d+ada & +t+at +t+at hig 
fordemde sindon.
<R 11>
+du b+ade me for oft Engliscra gewritena, & ic +te ne
geti+dode ealles swa timlice, +ar +dam +te +tu mid 
weorcum +t+as gewilnodest +at me, +ta +da +tu me b+ade for 
Godes lufon georne +t+at ic +te +at ham +at +tinum huse
gespr+ace, & +tu +da swi+de m+andest, +ta +ta ic mid +te
w+as, +t+at +tu mine gewrita begitan ne mihtest.
<R 16>
Nu wille ic +t+at +tu h+abbe huru +tis litle, nu +de wisdom
gelica+d & +tu hine habban wilt, +t+at +tu ealles
ne beo minra boca bed+aled.
<R 18>
God lufa+d +ta godan weorc, & he wyle hig habban +at us, & hit
ys awriten witodlice be him +t+at he sylf
blissa+d on his agenum weorcum, swa swa se sealmwirhta +tus
sang be him: (\Sit gloria Domini in 
seculum seculi; letabitur Dominus in operibus suis\) , +d+at 
ys on Engliscre spr+ace: Si ures Drihtenes 
wuldor on worulda woruldum; ure Drihten blissa+d on his agenum
weorcum.
<R 23>
+tus cw+a+t se witega.
<R 24>
Se +almihtiga Scippend geswutelode hine sylfne +turh +ta
micclan weorc +de he geworhte +at fruman, & 
wolde +t+at +da gesceafta gesawon his m+ar+da & on wuldre mid 
him wunodon on ecnisse on his 
<P 17>
under+teodnisse
him +afre gehirsume, for +dam +te hit ys swi+de wolic +t+at
+da geworhtan gesceafta +tam ne beon gehirsume
+te hi gesceop & geworhte.
<R 29>
N+as +teos woruld +at fruman, ac hi geworhte God silf, se +te
+afre +turhwunode buton +alcum anginne on 
his miclan wuldre & on his m+agen+trimnisse eall swa mihtig swa
he nu ys & eall swa micel on his 
leohte, for +dan +de he ys so+d leoht & lif & so+df+astnisse, 
& se r+ad w+as +afre on his r+adf+astum ge+tance, +t+at
he wircan wolde +ta wundorlican gesceafta, be +tan +de he
wolde +turh his micclan wisdom +ta gesceafta 
gescippan & +turh his so+dan lufe hig liff+astan on +tam life,
+te hig habba+d.
<R 36>
Her is seo halige +trinnis on +tisum +trim mannum: se
+almihtiga F+ader of nanum o+drum gecumen, & se 
micla Wisdom of +tam wisan F+ader +afre of him anum butan 
anginne acenned, se +te us alisde of urum +teowte
sy+d+dan mid +t+are menniscnisse, +te he of Marian genam; nu
is heora begra lufu him bam +afre gem+ane, 
+t+at is se Halga Gast, +te ealle +ting geliff+ast, swa micel &
swa mihtig, +t+at he mid his gife ealle +ta
englas onliht, +te eardia+d on heofenum, & ealra manna
heortan, +te on middanearde libba+d, +ta +te 
rihtlice gelifa+d on +tone lifiendan God, & ealra manna synna
so+dlice forgif+d, +tam +te heora synna 
silfwilles behreowsia+d, & nis nan forgifenis buton +turh his 
gife;
<P 18>
and he spr+ac +turh witegan, +te witegodon 
ymbe Crist, for +tan +te he ys se willa & witodlice lufu +t+as
F+ader & +t+as Suna, swa swa we s+adon +ar.
<R 48>
Seofonfealde gifa he gif+d mancynne git, be +tam ic awrat +ar
on sumum o+drum gewrite on Engliscre 
spr+ace, swa swa Isaias se witega hit on bec sette on his
witegunge.
<R 51>
   Se +almihtiga Scippend, +da +da he englas gesceop, +ta
geworhte he +turh his wisdom tyn engla werod on 
+tam forman d+age on micelre f+agernisse, fela +tusenda on +dam
frumsceafte, +t+at hi on his wuldre hine 
wur+dedon ealle lichamlease, leohte & strange, buton eallum
synnum on ges+al+te libbende, swa wlitiges 
gecindes, swa we secgan ne magon, & nan yfel +ding n+as on +dam
englum +ta git, ne nan yfel ne com +durh
Godes gesceapennisse, for +dan +de he sylf ys eall god & +alc
god cim+d of him; & +da englas +ta wunodon
on +tam wuldre mid Gode.
<R 67>
Hw+at, 
<P 19>
+ta binnan six dagum, +te se so+da God +ta gesceafta
gesceop, +te he gescippan wolde, gesceawode 
se an engel +te +t+ar +anlicost w+as, hu f+ager he silf w+as &
hu scinende on wuldre, & cunnode his mihte,
+t+at he mihtig w+as gesceapen, & him wel gelicode his
wur+dfulniss +ta: se hatte Lucifer, +t+at ys 
Leohtberend, for +d+are miclan beorhtnisse his m+aran hiwes.
<R 79>
+da +tuhte him to huxlic, +t+at he hiran sceolde +anigum
hlaforde, +ta he swa +anlic w+as, & nolde wur+dian
+tone, +te hine geworhte, & him +tancian +afre +d+as +te he
him forgeaf & beon him under+deodd +t+as +de 
swi+tor geornlice for +t+are micclan m+ar+de +te he hine
gem+a+degode.
<R 87>
He nolde +ta habban his Scippend him to hlaforde, ne he nolde
+turhwunian on +d+are so+tf+astnisse +d+as 
so+df+astan Godes sunu, +te hine gesceop f+agerne, 
<P 20>
ac wolde mid riccetere him rice gewinnan & +turh 
modignisse hine macian to Gode, & nam him gegadan ongean Godes
willan to his unr+ade on eornost gef+astnod.
<R 96>
+da n+afde he nan setl, hw+ar he sittan mihte, for +dan +de
nan heofon nolde hine aberan, ne nan rice 
n+as, +te his mihte beon ongean Godes willan, +te geworhte 
ealle +dinc.
<R 101>
+da afunde se modiga, hwilce his mihta w+aron, +ta +ta his fet
ne mihton fur+don ahwar standan, ac he 
feoll +da adun to deofle awend, & ealle his gegadan of +dam
Godes hirede in to helle wite be heora 
gewirhtum.
<R 108>
+da on +dam sixtan d+age, si+t+tan +dis gedon w+as, gesceop se
+almihtiga God mannan of eor+dan ADAM mid his
handum & him sawle forgeaf, & EVAN eft si+t+tan of Adames
ribbe, +t+at hi sceoldon habban, & heora 
ofspring mid him, +ta f+ageran wununge +te se feond forleas, 
gif hi gehirsumedon heora Scippende on riht.
<R 117>
+da beswac se 
<P 21>
deofol si+d+dan eft +ta men, +t+at hi Godes
bebod tobr+acon forra+te & wurdon +ta deadlice, &
adr+afde butu of +d+are myrh+te to +tisum middanearde, 
& on sorhge leofodon & on geswincum 
si+t+tan, & eall heora ofsprinc +te him of com si+d+dan, o+t 
+t+at ure h+alend Crist ure yfel gebette, swa swa 
+teos racu +after us seg+d.
<R 127>
We nyma+d of +tam bocum +tas endebyrdnysse, +te Moises awrat,
se m+ara heretoga, swa swa him God silf 
dihte on heora sunderspr+ace, +ta +ta he mid Gode wunode on 
+tam munte Sinai feowertig daga on an, & 
underfeng his lare, & he +ates ne gimde on eallum +tam fyrste 
for +d+are miclan bisnunge +t+ara boca lare.
<R 137>
   Fif bec he awrat mid wundorlicum dihte.
<R 138>
Seo forme ys Genesis, +te befeh+d +tas racu +arest fram
frumsceafte, & be Adames synne & hu he leofode
nigan hund geara on +t+are forman ylde +tissere worulde, 
<P 22>
& bearn gestrinde be his gebeddan Euan, & he
si+d+dan gewat mid sorge to helle.
<R 145>
Cain w+as his sunu, se acwealde his bro+dor, Abel gehaten,
unscildigne mannan for his agenum andan, 
+te he h+afde to him, & Caines ofspring, +te him of com,
si+d+dan eall wear+d adrenced on +tam deopan 
flode, +te on Noes dagum adydde eall mancinn buton +tam eahta
mannum, +de binnan +tam arce w+aron, & of +tam 
yfelan teame ne com nan +ding si+t+tan.
<R 156>
Ac Adam gestrinde +after Abeles slege o+derne sunu, se w+as
Seth gehaten, of +dam strenge com +t+at +t+at 
cucu belaf, Noe & his wif & heora +tri suna, Sem, Cham & Iafeth
mid heora +trim wifum.
<R 161>
We secga+d nu mid ofste +tas endebirdnisse, for +tan +de we
oft habba+d ymbe +tis awriten mid maran 
andgite, +ta +tu miht sceawian, & eac +da getacnunga, +t+at 
Adam getacnude, +te on +dam sixtan d+age gesceapen 
w+as +turh God, urne 
<P 23>
H+alend Crist , +te com to +tissere
worulde, & us geedniwode to his gelicnisse.
<R 171>
Eua getacnode, +te of Adames sida.
<R 172>
God silf geworhte, Godes gela+dunge, +te of Cristes sidan
si+t+tan wear+d acenned.
<R 175>
Abeles slege so+dlice getacnode ures H+alendes slege, +te +da
Iudeiscan ofslogon, yfele gebro+dra swa 
swa Cain w+as.
<R 178>
Seth, Adames sunu [^THE FOLLOWING FOUR WORDS INSERTED ABOVE THE
LINE IN A DIFFERENT HAND^] & eac se +tridda ys ges+ad +arist, 
& he getacnode untwilice Crist, se +te of dea+de 
aras on +dam +triddan d+age.
<R 182>
Enoh w+as geciged se seofo+da man fram Adame; he worhte Godes
willan & God hine +da genam mid ansundum
lichaman of +tisum life upp, & he ys cucu git, swa swa
Helias, se +a+dela witega, +te w+as eal swa 
genumen to +tam o+drum life, & hi cuma+d begen togeanes
Antecriste, +t+at hig his leasunga alecgon +turh God,
& beo+d +tonne ofslegen +turh +done sylfan feond, & hi eft
<P 24>
arisa+d, swa swa ealle men do+d.
<R 195>
Noe, +te on +dam arce w+as on +dam miclum flode, +te ealle
woruld adrencte buton +tam eahta mannum, ys 
gereht (\requies\) , +t+at is rest on Englisc; & he getacnode
Crist, +te [{for +dy{] com to us, +t+at he us of 
y+dum +tissere worulde to reste gebrohte & to blisse mid him.
<R 203>
And swa for+d o+d ende, +alc halig f+ader mid wordum o+t+te
mid weorcum cyddon urne H+alend & his f+ar 
witodlice.
<R 208>
Her w+as seo forme yld +tissere worulde, & seo o+der yld w+as
+tissere worulde o+d Abrahames timan, +t+as 
ealdan heahf+aderes.
<R 212>
Nu seg+d us seo boc be Noes ofspringe, +t+at his suna
gestrindon twa & hundseofontig suna; +ta begunnon
to wircenne +ta wundorlican burh & +tone heagan stipel, +te
sceolde astigan upp to heofenum, be heora
unr+ade; ac God silf com +t+arto & sceawode 
<P 25>
heora weorc & sealde heora +alcum synderlice spr+ace, +t+at 
heora +alcum w+as uncu+d hw+at o+ter s+ade, & hi swa geswicon
sona +t+are getimbrunge, & hi +da toferdon to 
fyrlenum lande on swa manegum gereordum swa +t+ara manna w+as.
<R 227>
On +t+are ylcan ylde man ar+arde h+a+dengild wide geond +tas
woruld, swa swa we awriton +aror on o+drum 
larspellum to geleafan trimminge, & on +tissere ylde +ta yfelan
leoda, fif burhscira +d+as fulan mennisces
Sodomitisces eardes, mid sweflenum fyre f+arlice wurdon ealle
forb+arnde, & heora burga samod, buton
Lo+te anum, +te God al+adde +tanon mid his +drim hiwum for
his rihtwisnisse.
<R 239>
Of Noes yldstan sunu, +te w+as Sem gehaten, com +t+at Ebreisce
folc, +te on God gelifde, Abrahames 
for+df+aderas, & his f+ader w+as Tare, se eardode +arest on 
Chaldea rice, o+d +t+at 
<P 26>
Abraham ferde be Godes h+ase
to Chananeiscan earde, +t+ar his cynn si+d+dan wunode.
<R 247>
Abraham, se heahf+ader, h+afde twegen suna, Ismael & Isaac, &
he wur+tode God mid ealre his heortan, &
se heofonlica God him gelome to spr+ac for his micclan
geleafan, for +tan +te he wolde offrian his 
agenne sunu Gode, Isaac +tone leofran, to lace on his weofode 
on +ta ealdan wisan, gif hit God swa wolde.
<R 257>
God +ta hine gebletsode & his bearn w+as gesund, & God silf
him behet, +t+at +turh his cyn sceolde eall
mannkynn beon gebletsod for his micclan geleafan & for his
gehirsumnisse, +te he h+afde to Gode.
<R 263>
Abraham, +te wolde Isaac geoffrian be Godes h+ase, h+afde
getacnunge +t+as heofonlican F+ader, +te his 
Sunu asende to cwale for us, & Isaac getacnode +tone H+alend
Crist, +de acweald w+as for us.
<R 270>
   Seo +tridde yld w+as +da 
<P 27>
wuniende o+d Dauid, +tone m+aran
cyning Abrahames cynnes; of +dam com Crist 
si+d+dan, +te eall mancynn alysde.
<R 274>
Of Cham, Noes suna, com +t+at Chananeisce folc, & of Iaphet,
+tam ginstan, +te w+as gebletsod +turh Noe,
com +t+at nor+derne mennisc be +t+are Nor+ds+a, for +tan +te
+dri d+alas sind ged+alede +turh hig, Asia on 
eastrice +tam yldstan suna, Affrica on su+dd+ale +t+as Chames
cynne, & Europa on nor+dd+ale Iaphe+tes ofspringe.
<R 283>
& se +almihtiga God +after Noes flode eallum mancinne forgeaf
him gem+anlice fisccinn & fugolcinn & +ta
fi+derfetan deor & +ta cl+anan nytena for his micclan ciste;
ac he forbead swa +teah blod to +ticgenne.
<R 290>
Isaac +ta gestrynde Esau & Iacob, twegen getwisan on micelre
getacnunge.
<R 293>
Ac se gingra bro+dor, +te Iacob w+as gehaten, w+as Gode leofre
for his godum +teawum, & for his 
<P 28>
bilewitnisse he wear+d gebletsod.
<R 297>
Se gestrynde twelf suna; +ta syndon heahf+aderas, namcu+de
weras.
<R 299>
& wear+d +ta micel hunger seofon gear on an, & hig si+todon
ealle to Egipta lande, +t+ar hi bigleofan 
fundon.
<R 302>
His [{ginsta{] sunu buton anum, w+as Ioseph gehaten, wear+d
+d+ar hlaford on Egipta lande under +tam 
cininge, him swi+de gecweme, & he heold his f+ader on fullum
wur+dscipe +t+ar mid eallum his bro+drum & heora 
bearnum samod; & se Ioseph leofode on +tam lande m+arlice
hundteontig geara & tin to eacan, & seo boc
Genesis geenda+d +tus her.
<R 313>
   Seo o+ter boc ys Exodus gehaten, +te Moyses awrat be +tam
miclum tacnum & be +tam tyn witum, +te wurdon
+ta gefremode ofer Pharao +tone cining & ofer his folce +turh
+done +almihtigan God on Moises timan.
<R 319>
Se wear+d acenned, swa swa us ky+d +teos boc, & his bro+der
Aaron, Amrames 
<P 29>
sunu, on Pharaones d+age, 
Gode swi+te dyre, swi+de mihtige menn on manegum wundrum.
<R 324>
+da wolde God habban +t+at folc of +dam lande Abrahames cynnes
eft to heora earde.
<R 327>
Ac se Pharao nolde +t+at folc fram him l+atan, +ar +tan +te
God him sende swi+dlice ogan tyn cinna wita 
for his teonr+addenne.
<R 331>
& Moises +ta si+d+dan +t+at manncinn gel+adde of Pharaones
+deowte +after feowerhund gearum, si+t+tan Iacob 
+tider com mid +tam Ebreiscan kinne.
<R 335>
On +t+are fyrde w+aron, +te ferdon fram Egipte, sixhund
+tusend manna butan wifum & cildum, & butan +t+are
m+ag+de Leui, +te n+as genamod +t+arto.
<R 240>
Moyses hig l+adde +ta +turh Godes mihte ealle ofer +da Readan
S+a, swa swa we r+ada+d on bocum: & Pharao 
se kyning ferde him +athindan on git mid maran fyrde, wolde
+t+at folc habban ongean to his lande to his 
<P 30>
la+dum +teowte.
<R 347>
+ta geopenode seo s+a togeanes Moysen & +t+at w+ater him stod
swilce stanweallas bufan heora heafdum, &
hi eodon be +tam grundum, o+d +t+at hi up comon ealle gesunde,
heriende mid sange +tone heofenlican God.
<R 354>
Moyses +ta sloh +ta s+a mid his girde & +t+at w+ater +ta feoll
ofer Pharaones fyrde ofer his menifealdum 
cr+atum & his m+arlicum riddum & adrencte hi ealle, +t+at +t+ar
an mann ne belaf.
<R 359>
Nu seg+d us seo boc, +t+at God si+d+dan afedde ealne +tone
here mid heofonlicum mete, & him +alce d+ag com
edniwe of heofenum feowertig wintra fyrst on +tam westene
farende, & of heardum stane him com 
yrnende w+ater, & God him sette +a, +t+at ys open lagu, +tam 
folce to steore on +tam fif bocum, +te Moyses 
awrat, swa swa him gewissode God.
<R 370>
+da twa bec we 
<P 31>
nemnodon; (\Leuiticus\) is seo +tridde, (\Numerus\)
feor+de; seo fifte ys gehaten 
(\Deuteronomium\) , +t+at ys o+ter lagu.
<R 374>
+das +dreo bec us secga+d hu hig si+t+tan ferdon ofer +t+at
widgille westen +t+ar +t+ar nan mann ne wunode +ar,
& be +tam miclum wundrum, +te God worhte on him binnan +tam
feowertigum gearum on ealre +tare racu; &
we habba+d awend witodlice on Englisc.
<R 382>
On +tam mann m+ag gehiran, hu se heofonlica God spr+ac mid
weorcum & mid wundrum him to; & he eac +ta 
weorc on gewritum af+astnode mannum to gemynde on miclum
getacnungum.
<R 388>
& Moises se m+ara, mid +tam +te he w+as on ylde hundtwentig
wintra, +da gewat he of life, & God silf 
hine bebirigde & gesette Iosue on Moyses stede +tam mannum to
[{heretogan{] , & Moyses h+afde hine +ar 
gebletsod, & God 
<P 32>
silf him behet +t+at he wolde mid him beon, 
swa swa he mid Moyse w+as, on miclum wundrum.
<R 399>
   Seo boc +te he gesette, (\Liber Iosue\) , seg+d hu he 
ferde mid Israhela folce to Abrahames earde, & hu he
+tone eard gewann, & hu seo sunne +atstod, o+d +t+at he sige
h+afde, & hu he +tone eard ealne tod+alde.
<R 405>
+dis ic awende eac on Englisc hwilon +a+telwerde ealdormen; on
+tam man m+ag sceawian Godes micclan 
wundra mid weorcum gefremode.
<R 409>
His f+ader hatte Nun, & he leofode hund geara & tyn gear to
eacan, & he si+t+tan gewat +after his 
micclan sige, & +t+at mennisc +d+ar si+t+tan +tone eard bogodan
under Moises lage.
<R 415>
Iosue h+afde +d+as H+alendes getacnunge, mid +tam +te he
gel+adde to +tam lande +t+at folc, +te him behaten 
w+as, swa swa se H+alend 
<P 33>
de+d, +te l+at to heofenan rice +ta +de
on hine gelyfa+d, gif hi mid godum weorcum 
hine gegladia+d.
<R 422>
   +after +tisum w+aron witodlice deman on +tam ylcan earde on
Israhela +teode, +te +tam folce wissodon, swa
swa hit awriten ys on (\Liber Iudicum\) , +t+at ys demena boc.
<R 427>
Seo boc us seg+d swutollice be +tam folce, +t+at hi on sibbe
wunedon swa lange swa hi wur+dodon +tone 
heofonlican God on his bigengum georne, & swa oft swa hi 
forleton +tone lifiendan God, +tonne wurdon hi
gehergode & to hospe gedonne fram h+a+denum leodum, +te him
abutan eardodon.
<R 436>
Eft +tonne hi clipodon on eornost to Gode mid so+tre d+adbote,
+tonne sende he him fultum +turh sumne 
deman, +te wi+dsette heora feondum & hi alisde of heora yrm+de;
& hi lange swa on +tam lande eardodon.
<R 442>
+dis man m+ag r+adan, se +te his rec+d to gehirenne, on +t+are
Engliscan 
<P 34>
bec, +te ic awende be +tisum.
<R 443>
Ic +tohte +t+at ge woldon +turh +da wundorlican race eower mod
awendan to Godes willan on eornost; ac 
beo +teos boc her +tus geendod.
<R 445>
An wimman hatte Ruth +te w+as +after +tisum Moabiscre +teode,
ac heo wear+d ge+awnod Iessan ealdan f+ader &
se Iesse w+as DAVIDES f+ader.
<R 447>
Seo boc +te +tis seg+d hatte (\Liber Ruth\) , & heo is
geendebyrd on ure bibliothecan.
<R 449>
+after +tisum demum +t+at Israhela folc gecuron him ciningas,
swa swa us cy+d seo racu, on Samueles 
timan, +t+as so+df+astan witegan.
<R 450>
   Be +tam sind awritene witodlice feower bec, +ta sind 
gehatenne (\Liber Regum\) on Leden, +t+at ys cininga 
boc gecweden swa on an, & (\Verba Dierum\) li+d +t+arto
[{geiced{] ; seo ys seo fifte boc, for fela gewissungum
+te seo an boc h+af+d toforan +tam o+drum, & +tas bec awriton
Samuel & Malachim.
<R 455>
On +tisum bocum us seg+d +t+at Saul w+as gecoren +arest to
cyninge on Israhela +teode, for +tan +te hig 
woldon sumne weriend habban, +te hi geheolde wi+d +t+at 
h+a+tene folc, & cyddon heora willan +tam witegan 
Samuele, +t+at hig heora cynne cining habban woldon, swa swa 
o+dre leodscipas on eallum lande h+afdon.
<R 459>
Hw+at +ta Samuel s+ade +t+at Gode, & God him ge+tafode +t+at
hig setton him to kininge 
<P 35>
Saul, Cises sunu, &
he si+d+dan rixode feowertig geara f+ac, & +t+at folc bewerode
wi+d +ta h+a+tenan leoda [{heardlice{] mid 
w+amnum, +teah +te he misferde on manegum o+drum +tingum.
<R 463>
David, Iessan sunu, se deorwur+da sealmwirhta of +tam
firmestan kynne, +te w+as gecweden Iudan, wear+d 
+turh God gecoren to cininge si+t+tan on Israhela +teode hig to
bewerienne, & he stranglice rixode, & 
bewerode +t+at folc wi+d +ta h+a+denan leoda +de him on
[{wunnon{] , & he h+afde +afre sige & ofsloh +ta h+a+denan on
[{+alcum{] gefeohte, for +tan +te he wur+dode +tonne
+almihtigan God mid ealre heortan, & mid godum weorcum
he geglende his kynedom & +t+as kynedomes geweold feowertig
geara on an, & his hlysa is fulcu+d on 
geleafullum bocum.
<R 471>
And seo feor+de yld +tissere worulde stod fram Dauide o+d
Daniele +tam witegan.
<R 472>
Dauid is gecweden (\fortis manum\) ; on andgitte +t+at ys
stranghynde on Englisc, for +tan +te he gewylde 
+tone wildan beran & his ceaflas tot+ar buton +alcum w+amne, &
+ta wildan leo he gewylde eal swa; tobr+ac 
hire ceaflas mid his barum handum.
<R 476>
& he eode to anwige ongean +tone ent, Goliam gehaten, +ta +ta
he cniht w+as, & mid his li+deran ofwearp
+tone geleafleasan ent, +t+at he l+ag geswogen & sloh 
<P 36>
him of +t+at heafod & on fleame gebrohte +ta 
Philisteos ealle, +te fuhton wi+d Saul, & he sige +ta h+afde.
<R 480>
He h+afde getacnunge +t+as H+alendes Cristes, +te ys
stranghynde, +te +tone hetolan deofol ea+delice 
gewilde, & him of gewann ealle +ta geleafullan on his 
gela+dunge, swa swa Dauid gel+ahte +t+at scep of +tam 
deorum. 
<R 483>
He ys halig witega, & he witegode fela ymbe urne H+alend
Crist, swa swa us ky+ta+d +ta sealmas, +te he 
+turh Godes gast Gode to lofe gesang, & se Saltere ys an boc,
+te he gesette +turh God betwux o+drum 
bocum on +t+are bibliothecan.
<R 487>
   He gesette on his ylde his sunu to cininge, +tone snoteran
Salomon, & he si+t+tan rixode feowertig 
wintra on fulre sibbe +afre, & for his micclum wisdome hyne
wur+dodon ciningas, & man his wisdom sohte 
of fyrlenum eardum, & of gehwilcum landum him comon lac to
wur+dscipe, & he his folc geheold butan 
+alcum gefeohte.
<R 492>
He ar+arde Gode +t+at +anlice tempel binnan Hierusalem on
wunderlicum cr+afte swa f+agere getimbrod & swa
f+aste getrymmed & swa widgille hus oferworht mid golde & mid
hwitum seolfre, swa we secgan ne magon.
<R 495>
He gesette +treo bec +turh his snoternisse.
An ys (\Parabole\) , +t+at ys bigspellboc, na swilce ge 
secga+d, ac wisdomes bigspell & warnung wi+d disig,
& hu man selost m+ag synna 
<P 37>
forbugan, & +tone weg gefaran +te gewissa+d to Gode.
<R 498>
O+ter ys gecweden (\Ecclesiastices\) , +t+at ys on Englisc 
ealra +teoda r+ad & deaflic to gehirenne on healicum gemote.
<R 500>
Seo +tridde ys gecweden (\Cantica Canticorum\) , +t+at seg+d on
Englisc ealra sanga fyrmest +tone he sang be
Criste & be Cristes circean, +t+at ys eall seo la+tung +te
gelyf+d on Crist; & +tas bec standa+d nu on 
+t+are bibliotheca.
<R 503>
Salomon ys gecweden gesibsum on Englisc, & he getacnode urne
H+alend Crist, +te us sibbe brohte, & ys
+t+are sibbe ealdor, se +te us ge+deodde to engla werodum, &
us circean ar+arde, +de is his gela+dung.
<R 507>
   Nu standa+d manega cyningas on +t+ara Cininga Bocum, be +tam
ic gesette eac sume boc on Englisc.
<R 508>
Sume hig w+aron rihtwise & wur+todon a God, swa swa Ezechias
w+as & si+t+tan Iosias, & eac sume o+tre, +te
sigef+aste w+aron & heora kynedom heolden kenlice +turh Gode,
+te hig wur+dodon, & hi wunodon on fri+de.
<R 511>
Sume w+aron arlease & swi+de yfele ferdon, +tonne hi Godes ne
gimdon, ne God him ne fylste; & amyrdon
heora folc +turh heora mand+ada & on bysmore leofdon +turh
geleafleaste, & yfele geendodon on heora 
unhlisan, swa swa Sedechias, se 
<P 38>
unges+aliga kining, +te mann
gel+adde on bendum to Babilonian birig, & 
man ofsloh his twegen suna +atforan his gesih+te & hine ablende
[{si+d+dan{] & gesette hine on cweartern &
+tam eardum becom o+der wracu si+d+dan.
<R 519>
   Nabochodonosor, se namcu+da cining on Chaldeiscum earde, com
to Hierusalem mid micelre fyrde, & +t+at
manncyn ofsloh, & +ta burh towende, & +t+at tempel towearp
+after feowerhund gearum +t+as +te hit gesett 
w+as, for +d+ara kininga geleafleaste, +te forleton heora
Drihten, & +t+as folces gimeleaste, +te ne gimde
Godes; & gel+adde +tone kining to Chaldea mid him, Achim
gehaten, swi+de huxlice, +t+at he mihte 
oncnawan his manfullan d+ada huru on +tam h+aftnede wi+d +tone
heofenlican God.
<R 526>
Se Chaldea cininc com +ta to his earde mid +t+are hu+de &
+t+are herelafe, on +d+are w+as Daniel, se 
deorwyr+da witega, & +ta +try cnihtas, +te synt gehatenne +tus,
SIDRAC, MISAAC (\ET\) ABDENAGO, & on o+tre wisan hi
w+aron gehatene Annanias, Azarias, Misael.
<R 529>
+das +tri cnihtas het se cyning awurpan in to byrnendum ofne;
ac heora bendas sona wurdon forsw+alede,
& hig gesunde eodon, heriende mid sange +tone heofenlican
God, +te hi swa geheold on +tam hatan ofne,
<P 39>
+t+at heora fex n+as fur+don forsw+aled.
<R 533>
& se kining hi het +ta gan of +tam ofne.
<R 535>
   Her ongan seo fifte yld +tissere worulde; seo stod swa 
astreht o+d +t+at Crist sylf com on +t+are sixtan
ylde to +tissere worulde on menniscum gecynde of Marian
inno+de, se +te +afre w+as God mid his 
+almihtigan F+ader.
<R 538>
Seo herelaf +da wunode +t+as [{gehergodan{] folces on
Chaldeiscum earde under +tam kininge, gecn+awe heora
synna wi+d +tone +almihtigan God.
<R 540>
Hundseofontig geara hi wunodon +t+ar on +teowte, o+d +t+at
Cirus cyning hi asende eft ongean to Iudea 
lande, +tanon +te hi al+adde w+aron, and het hig eft ar+aran
+t+at +anlice tempel, swa swa se +almihtiga God on
his mod asende, +t+at he his folce mildsode +after swa
micelre yrm+de; & hi +t+ar si+t+tan wunedon, o+d +t+at
Crist sylf wear+d geboren.
<R 552>
   Nu sindon twa m+are bec gesette on endebyrdnysse to 
Salomones bocum, swilce he hig 
<P 40>
gedihte; for +t+are
gelicnisse his gelogodan spr+ace & for +t+are getingnysse
[{hig{] man getitelode him; ac Iesus hi 
gesette, Siraces sunu: an ys (\Liber Sapientiae\) , 
+t+at ys, wisdomes boc, seo o+der ys gecweden.
<R 561>
(\Ecclesiasticus\) , swi+de micele bec, & man hig r+at on 
circan to micclum wisdome swi+de gewunelice.
<R 564>
   We nyma+d +ta witegan nu +te witegodon embe Crist +turh 
+tone Halgan Gast be +t+as H+alendes tokime to 
+tisum middanearde on so+dre menniscnisse, swa swa we wylla+d
awritan her+after.
<R 570>
   Isaias w+as gehaten sum halig witega on +d+ara kininga 
timan, swa swa us ky+d seo boc.
<R 572>
Se witegode be Criste swi+de gewislice, swilce he godspellere
w+are, swi+de gewyrdelice, & cw+a+d on his
gesetnysse swa swa we secga+d her: (\Ecce uirgo concipiet &
pariet filium & uocabitur nomen eius 
Emmanuel, & reliqua\) .
<R 579>
Efne m+aden sceal geeacnian 
<P 41>
& oncennan sunu & his nama bi+d geciged God sylf ys mid us.
<R 583>
Eft se ylca witega awrat on his gesetnysse: (\Puer natus est
nobis & filius datus est nobis, & 
reliqua\) : Vs ys cild acenned: & us ys sunu forgifen & his
ealdordom ys on eaxle, & his nama bi+d gehaten
wundorlic, r+adbora, witodlice strang God & f+ader towerdre
worulde, so+dlice sibbe ealdor, & his 
kynedom bi+d menigfeald, & ne bi+d nan ende his ecan sibbe.
<R 594>
His boc ys swi+de micel & menigfeald be Criste & be Godes
m+ar+de, be eallum mancinne on gastlicum 
andgitte on Godes gela+tunge.
<R 597>
He bodode geleafan on Iudea lande & unriht forbead, o+d +t+at
se re+da kyning, Mannases gehaten, 
Ezechian sunu, hine tocleaf on twa & hine acwealde swa.
<R 603>
   Hieremias se witega w+as on +tam lande swi+de halig witega
<P 42>
fram his cildhade; be +tam cw+a+d God sylf to
him: Ic +te gecu+de so+dlice +ar +tan +te ic +te gesceope on
+tinre modor inno+de, & ic +te gehalgode +ar +tan
+te +tu acenned wurde, & ic +te gesette +teodum to witegan.
<R 611>
He wunode on cl+annysse, & he awrat ane boc +turh +tone Halgan
Gast on his witegunge, micele & 
menigfealde, +tam mannum to lare, of gastlicum andgitte eac be 
+tam H+alende.
<R 617>
He wear+d oft gebend & gebroht on cweartern for his halgan
lare, & he heofode micclum +t+as folces 
synna, swa swa his boc us seg+d, & he wear+d oftorfod mid 
stanum +at nextan on Egipta lande for his geleafan.
<R 623>
Plato se u+dwita & se wisosta mann on h+a+denum folce h+afde
hine gesprecen, & se witega +ta hine 
gewissode, +t+at he cu+de gelyfan on +tone lifiendan God, swa 
swa Agustinus hit on bocum gesette; & Ieremias
ys ure witega synderlice.
<P 43>
<R 631>
Ezechiel se witega wear+d gehergod mid +tam folce, +ta +ta se
Chaldeisca kining acwealde +da Iudeiscan &
+da herelafe to his lande adraf, +ta +ta Daniel se witega
wear+d eac gel+aht.
<R 636>
& Ezechiel +da on +teowte +t+ar wunode & witegode +t+ar, &
awrat ane boc micele on gesetnisse be +tam 
mancynne & be urum Drihtene, swi+de deop on andgite, o+d +t+at 
se heafodman +t+as gehergodan folces hine 
acwealde, swa swa us ky+d sum lareow.
<R 645>
   Daniel se witega wunude on Chaldea, wur+dfull +tam 
ciningum, & awrat ane boc on his witegunge, +te him
God sylf onwreah, & he swutelice s+ade on his gesetnisse be
Cristes acennednisse, swa swa he com to
mannum feowerhund geara & hundnigontig geara fram Darie +dam
cininge, o+d +t+at ure Drihten com on 
so+dre menniscnisse 
<P 44>
of Marian inno+te.
<R 655>
His boc is swi+de micel on manegum getacnungum, langsum her to
secgende be hire gesetnyssum & hu he
w+as aworpen +tam wildum leonum, be +tam we awriton on Englisc
on sumum spelle hwilon.
<R 661>
He n+as na ofslagen, ac he him sylf gewat, +ta +ta he hund
geara w+as & tyn gear on ylde, & he w+as 
bebirged on Babilonia.
<R 666>
   Twelf witega syndon to eacan +tisum git, +de twelf bec
awriton on heora witegunge be sumum d+ale 
l+assan on gesetnysse, micele on andgitte be Cristes 
menniscnysse & be Godes folce, swa swa God him onwreah.
<R 673>
+d+ara naman we willa+d awritan on +tisum cwyde: OSEE, IOHEL,
AMOS, ABDIAS, IONAS se +te +dreo niht w+as 
wi+dinnan +tam hwale, & se hw+al hine ab+ar to Niniuea birig, &
seo d+ad getacnode ures 
<P 45>
Drihtenes dea+d, 
+te l+ag on birgine swa langum f+ace, ac he aras of dea+de 
+turh his drihtenlican mihte MICHEAS, NAVM, 
ABBACVC, se namnode +tone H+alend be his naman +tus: (\Ego 
autem in Domino gaudebo & exultabo in Deo Iesu
meo\) , +d+at ys on Englisc; Ic blissie on Drihtene & ic
f+agnie on Gode minum H+alende.
<R 688>
Iesus w+as gehaten ure H+alend on life, & swa s+ade +tes
witega, +ar +dan +te he wurde acenned, & swa swa
se heahengel hit s+ade on +tam godspelle.
<R 693>
He ys gehaten eac Crist; be +tam cw+a+d sum witega for fela
hund gearum, +ar +tan +te he acenned wurde: 
(\Adstiterunt reges terre & principes conuenerunt in unum
aduersus Dominum & aduersus Christum eius\) ,
[{Eor+dlice{] ciningas & ealdormenn arison ongean urne 
Drihten & +tone H+alend Crist; +t+at w+as Herodes 
cining & Pilatus 
<P 46>
ealdormann, swa swa +da apostolas be +tam
understodon; Sophonias, AGGEUS, Zacharias, Malachias.
<R 707>
   W+aron eac o+dre witegan, +te ne writon nane bec, swa swa 
w+as Helias & Heliseus, ac heora wundra 
syndon awritene swa +deah on +t+ara Cininga Bocum on fulcu+dum
gemynde.
<R 712>
Tyn m+adena w+aron on mislicre tide on h+a+tenum leodum, +ta
man het (\Sibillas\) , +t+at synd witegestran, & 
hi witegodon ealle be +tam H+alende Criste, & heora bec setton
swi+de swutelice +durh +tone so+tan God be
ealre his fare mid fullum geleafan, for +dan +te God wolde him
gewitan habban of h+a+denum leodum & of
geleafullum; ac heora bec ne synd na on ure gesetnissum on
+t+are biblio+tecan swa swa +tas o+dre beo+d.
<R 726>
   Esdras se writere awrat ane boc, hu +t+at folc com ongean 
fram Chaldea lande to Iudea lande & hi 
Hierusalem +ta burh eft ar+ardon, 
<P 47>
& +t+at tempel +t+arbinnan, swa
swa Cirus kining him sealde leafe +after 
hundseofontigon gearum, +t+at hi heora eard bogodon, & seo boc 
ys geendebyrd on +tissere gesetnysse mid 
deopum andgitte on diglum getacnungum.
<R 737>
   Iob w+as gehaten sum heah Godes +tegen on +tam lande Chus,
swi+de geleafull wer, welig on +ahtum; se 
wear+d afandod +turh +tone swicolan deofol, swa swa his boc us
seg+d, +te he sylf gesette si+t+tan he afandod
w+as, be +tam ic awende on Englisc sumne cwide iu, & hit ys
eac witegung witodlice be Criste & be 
his gela+tunge, swa swa lareowas secga+d, & seo boc ys
geendebyrd on +tissere gesetnysse.
<R 750>
   Sum Iudeisc man wear+d eac afandod, Tobias gehaten, swi+de
+almesgeorn & swi+te gelyfed on +tone 
lyfiendan God.
<R 753>
Se w+as eac gehergod to Sirian lande, ac he heold swa +teah
his geleafan +t+ar 
<P 48>
mid godum weorcum & God
his afandode, swa +t+at he blind wear+d and swa wunode tyn
gear; ac God hine geh+alde eft +turh his 
heahengel, Raphael gehaten, swa swa seo racu us seg+d on his
agenre bec, +te he sylf awrat, & seo boc ys
geteald to +tisum getele, for +dan +te +t+aron ys eac swilce
getacnung.
<R 766>
   Hester seo cwen, +te hire kynn ahredde, h+af+d eac ane boc 
on +tisum getele, for +dan +te Godes lof ys 
gelogod +t+aron; +da ic awende on Englisc on ure wisan
sceortlice.
<R 772>
   Iudith seo wuduwe, +te oferwann Holofernem +tone Siriscan
ealdormann, h+af+d hire agenne boc betwux 
+tisum bocum be hire agenum sige; seo ys eac on Englisc on ure
wisan gesett eow mannum to bysne, +t+at ge
eowerne eard mid w+amnum bewerian wi+d onwinnendne here.
<P 49>
<R 781>
   Twa bec synd gesette +after cyrclicum +teawum betwux +tisum
bocum, +te gebiria+d to Godes lofe, 
Machabeorum gehatene, for heora micclum gewinne, for +dan +te 
hig wunnon mid w+amnum +ta swi+de wi+d +tone h+a+denan
here, +te him on wann swi+de, wolde hig adilegian & adyddan
of +tam earde, +te him God forgeaf, & Godes lof alecgan.
<R 791>
Hw+at, +ta Mathathias, se m+ara Godes +tegen, mid his fif
sunum, feaht wi+d +tone here miccle gelomlicor
+donne +tu gelyfan wylle, & hig sige h+afdon +turh +tone
so+dan God, +te hig on gelyfdon +after Moyses +a.
<R 797>
Hig noldon na feohtan mid f+agerum wordum anum, swa +t+at hi
wel spr+acon, & awendon +t+at eft, +te l+as +de
him become se hefigtima cwyde, +te se witega gecw+a+d be
sumum leodscipe +tus: (\Et iratus est furore 
Dominus in 
<P 50>
populo suo & abhominatus hereditatem suam, &
cetera\) : Drihten wear+d yrre mid graman his 
folce, & he onscunode his yrfewerdnisse, & he bet+ahte hig on
h+a+tenra handum, & heora fynd so+dlice 
h+afdon heora geweald, & hig swi+de gedrehton +ta 
deriendlica fynd & hig wurdon geeadmette under heora
handum.
<R 815>
Nolde Machabeus, se m+ara Godes cempa, habban +tisne dom
+durh his Drihtenes yrre, ac him w+as leofre,
+t+at he mid geleafan clipode on his eornost to Gode +tisne
o+derne cwyde: (\Da nobis, Domine, auxilium
de tribulatione, quia uana salus hominis, & cetera\) : Syle
us, leof Drihten, +tinne so+dan fultum on
ure gedrefednisse & gedo us strengran, for +tan +te mannes
fultum ys unmihtig & idel.
<R 827>
Ac uton wyrcean mihte on +tone mihtigan God, & he to nahte
gede+d urne deriendlican 
<P 51>
fynd.
<R 830>
Machabeus +ta gefylde +das fores+adan word mid stranglicum
weorcum, & oferwann his fynd, & sint for +di
gesette his sigef+astan d+ada on +tam twam bocum on
bibliothecan Gode to wur+dmynte, & ic awende hig
on Englisc & r+adon gif ge wylla+d eow sylfum to r+ade.
<R 838>
(\Explicit de Veteri Testamento. INCIPIT DE NOVO TESTAMENTO\)
   IC SECGE +TE NU, SIWERD, +D+AT ic her 
gesett h+abbe +tas feawa bysna of +dan ealdan bocum on +t+are
ealdan gecy+dnysse under Moyses +a, & hu, [^THE FOLLOWING 
THREE WORDS SUPPLIED IN THE TEXT IN A DIFFERENT HAND^] gif +tu
wiltest ealne +done wisdom +te on +tam bocum stynt, +tonne
woldest +tu gelyfan +t+at ic na ne w+age on 
+tisum gewrite.
<R 844>
   Ic wille nu secgan eft sceortlice +te be +t+are niwan
gecy+dnisse +after Cristes tocyme, +t+at +tu mid 
ealle ne beo +t+as andgites bed+aled, +teah 
<P 52>
+te +du be fullan
underfon ne mage ealle +ta gesetnissa +t+as so+tan
gewrites: bist swa +deah gebet +turh +tas litlan bysne.
<R 848>
   (\Lex & prophete usque ad Iohannem, sicut legitur in
Euangelio\) : Moyses +a w+as & witegan so+tlice o+d 
Iohannes wear+d acenned, +te Crist gefullode.
<R 850>
He ys ende +t+are ealdan +a & +at him ongann seo
godspellbodung, & he w+as acenned on Cristes tocime.
<R 851>
Swa swa d+agsteorra on d+agred upp g+a+d +atforan +t+are
sunnan, swa scean Iohannes on haligre bodunge 
+atforan +tam H+alende, & he w+as his bydel on his bodunge, & 
mid his fulluhte kydde Cristes fulluht toweard.
<R 855>
Crist sylf cw+a+d be him, +t+at ne come nateshwon betwux wifa
bearnum nan m+arra man +donne he w+as; ac 
Crist n+as na geteald to +tissere wi+dmetenysse, se +te acenned
w+as of +dam cl+anan m+adene.
<R 858>
Ne awrat Iohannes nane boc synderlice, ac his d+ada sind
awritene on Drihtenes godspelle, +tone he 
gefullode & his forerynel w+as on life ge on dea+de, & his 
hlisa nu stynt swa hw+ar swa cristendom bi+d &
+ta Cristes bec cuma+d.
<R 862>
   Feower Cristes bec sindon be Criste sylfum awriten.
An +d+ara awrat Matheus, +te mid +tam H+alende w+as, his agen
leorningcniht 
<P 53>
on +tisum life farende.
<R 864>
& he his wundra geseah & awrat hi on +t+are bec, +te him to
gemynde +ta mihton becuman, on Ebreiscum 
gereorde +after Cristes +trowunge on Iudea lande, +tam +te
gelyfdon on God; & he ys se forma godspellere
on +d+are gesetnisse.
<R 867>
Marcus se godspellere, +te w+as mid Petre on lare, his agen
godsunu on Godes lare ge+togen, wrat +ta 
o+dre boc be Petres bodunge be +dam +te he geleornode of his
larspellum on Romana byrig, swa swa he 
gebeden w+as +turh +da geleafullan, +te gelyfdon on God of 
+tare burhware +turh Petres bodunge.
<R 872>
Lucas se godspellere awrat +da +triddan boc, se +de fram
cildhade folgode +tam apostolum & mid Paule 
si+t+tan si+dode on his fare, & +at him leornode +da
godspellican lare on cl+anisse lybbende, & [{awrat{] +ta 
Cristes boc on Achaian lande mid Greciscum gereorde, swa he of
Paules lare & +t+ara apostola lare 
leornode.
<R 876>
Iohannes se apostol on Asian lande, swa swa +ta biscopas
b+adon, began +ta feor+dan boc be Cristes 
[{godcundnysse{] [^MS: godgundnysse^] , on Greciscum gereorde, 
& be +d+are deopnysse, +te him Drihten awreah +ta +ta he 
hlinode on his luflicum breoste, on +tam +de w+as behydd se 
heofonlica goldhord.
<R 881>
   +Das synd +ta feower ean of anum wyllspringe, +te ga+d of
Paradisum 
<P 54>
ofer Godes folc wide: & +tas feower
godspelleras w+aron gefyrn getacnode, swa Ezechiel hi geseah,
Matheus on mannes hiwe, Marcus on 
leon, Lucas on cealfes, Iohannes on earnes, for +d+are 
getacnunge +te hig getacnodon.
<R 885>
Matheus awrat be Cristes menniscnisse, & Marcus, swa swa leo
hludswege, clipode on +tam wildan 
mancynne swilce on westene, & Lucas be +tam sacerde Zacharias
ongann, +te cealf geoffrode on Godes 
ons+agednisse, and Iohannes, swa swa earn, +ta upplican 
digolnisse mid his scearpum eagum sceawode georne &
be Cristes [{godcundnysse{] [^MS: godgundnysse^] his godspell
gesette.
<R 891>
   +Das feower bec ky+ta+d hu Crist com to mannum of Marian 
+dam m+adene, middaneardes alysend on +t+are 
sixtan ylde +tissere worulde, be +tan +de +ta witegan hit 
gewriton on bocum, on Bethleem birig binnan Iudea
on Augustes dagum, +t+as +a+delan caseres, & englas +ta
kyddon his acennednysse mid heofonlicum sange 
fela +tusenda.
<R 895>
+da comon +tri ciningas to Criste mid lacum of eastrice
feorran, & Herodes acwealde ealle +ta litlan 
cild, +te on +dam lande w+aron, +t+at he Crist acwealde, ac he
ne com him to na, for +dan +de he mid 
swicdome hine swa sohte; & se yfela cining on yrm+tum acweal.
<R 899>
+da bec us secga+d 
<P 55>
swutelice be Criste, hu he wundra worhte &
hu he w+as gefullod & hu he apostolas 
geceas, +t+at sind +arendracan, twelf on anginne +ta +ta he
+arest bodode.
<R 902>
+ta sint gehatene +tisum naman on bocum Petrus & Andreas,
Iacobus & Iohannes Thomas, [{Matth+aus{] & se 
o+der Iacob, Philippus & Bartholomeus, Tatheus, Simon Canan+aus
& Paulus: ac Paulus w+as gecoren +after
Cristes upstige, & Mathias eac mann geceas for Iudan, +te
Crist bel+awde & +ta forloren w+as.
<R 906>
+after +tisum he geceas twa & hundseofonti to his lareowdome
him to leorningcnihtum, +ta he tosende 
geond eall to +alcere birig +tider +te he towerd w+as, +t+at
mann wiste his cyme; ac we ne afundon na 
awritene heora naman on bocum.
<R 910>
He wunode +ta mid mannum on +tisum middanearde +treo &
+trittig geara & sumne eacan +t+arto, & cristendom
ar+arde & kydde mid wundrum, swa swa his godspell secga+d,
+t+at he Godes sunu ys, +ta +ta he +ta deadan
menn +turh his mihte ar+arde, & +alce untrumnysse ea+delice
geh+alde, & he w+ater awende to winlicum 
drence, & ofer s+a eode eall drium fotum, & windas gestilde mid
his wordes h+ase, & deofla adr+afde of 
gedrehtum wodum, & forgeaf gewitt +after wodnysse.
<R 917>
Eft si+t+tan he +trowode sylfwilles 
<P 56>
dea+d on rode ahangen for
ure alysednysse, & of dea+de aras on +tam 
+driddan d+age, & astah to heofenum to his heofenlican f+ader
gewunnenum sige, & gewylt ealle +ting, & 
cym+d to demende eallum mancynne on +tam micclan d+age, +alcum
be his d+adum.
<R 921>
Ic secge +tis sceortlice, for +dan +te ic gesett h+abbe of
+tisum feower bocum wel feowertig larspella 
on Engliscum gereorde & sumne eacan +d+arto, +ta +tu miht
r+adan be +tissere race on maran andgite, +donne
ic her secge.
<R 925>
   +da apostoli gesetton eac swilce larspell to +tam leodscipum
+te to geleafan bugon, +t+at hi +turh +da 
mynegunge heora mod getrymdon on Cristes geleafan on +tam
cristendome, +de +ta niwan asprang on +t+are 
micclan niwan gecy+dnysse.
<R 928>
Petrvs se apostol awrat twegen pistolas, ac hig synd maran
+tonne man +at m+assan r+at, & habba+d langne
tige to geleafan trimminge, & hig synd to bocum getealde on
+t+are bibliothecan.
<R 931>
Iacob se rihtwisa awrat anne pistol micelne on lare mannum to
understandenne, +tam +te +aniges 
cristendomes cepa+d on heora life.
<R 933>
Iohannes se godspellere, Gode to wur+dmynte, gesette +dri
pistolas, +t+at syndon +treo bec mid lufe 
afyllede folce to lare.
<R 935>
Iudas se apostol awrat anne pistol, na se forlorena Iudas +te
+done H+alend bel+awde, ac se halga Iudas
+te him +afre folgode.
<R 937>
And her sind nu seofon bec on +tissere gesetnisse.
<P 57>
<R 938>
   Paulus se apostol awrat manega pistolas, for +tan +te Crist
hine gesette eallum +teodum to lareowe, &
on so+tre euf+astnysse he gesette +da +teawas, +de +ta
geleafullan folc on heora life healda+d, +ta +te hig
sylfe gelogia+d & heora lif for Gode.
<R 941>
Fiftyne pistolas awrat se an apostol to +tam leodscipum, +te
he to geleafan gebigde; +ta syndon micele
bec on +t+are bibliothecan & +ta fremia+d us to ure rihtinge,
gif we +t+as leoda lareowes lare folgia+d.
<R 944>
He awrat to +tam Romaniscum anne, to Corinthios ii, eac to
Galathas anne, to Ephesios anne, to 
Philipenses anne, to Thesalonicenses twegen, to Colosenses 
anne, eac to Ebreos anne, & to his agenum 
discipulum Timotheum twegen, & Titum anne, to Philemonem anne, 
to Laodicenses anne; ealles fiftyne, 
swa hlude swa +dunor, geleafullum folcum.
<R 950>
   Be +tam ic wille secgan sume feawa word; +arest be +dam
H+alende, hu he us l+arde on his halgan 
godspelle, +ta +te hine lufia+d: (\Si diligitis me, mandata mea
seruate, & cetera\) : Gif ge lufia+d me, healda+d 
mine beboda.
<R 953>
Se +te me lufa+d, he healt mine spr+ace & min F+ader hine
lufa+d & wit cuma+d to him & mid him wunia+d 
witodlice sy+d+dan; se +te me ne lufa+d, ne healt he na mine
spr+ace.
<R 955>
Her we magon gehiran, +t+at se H+alend lufa+d swi+dor +ta
d+ade +tonne +ta 
<P 58>
sme+dan word: +ta word gewita+d & +ta weorc standa+d.
<R 957>
Be +tam cw+a+d Iacob, se rihtwisa apostol: (\Estote factores
uerbi & non auditores tantum fallentes 
uosmet ipsos\) : Beo+d +t+as wordes wircendras witodlice mid
d+adum & eow sylfe ne bep+aca+d, swa +t+at ge 
hlyston +ta word ana butan +tam weorcum.
<R 961>
Eall swa Iohannes us l+arde +tisum wordum: (\Filioli mei, non
diligamus uerbo neque lingua, sed opere
& ueritate\) : Mine leofan bearn, ne lufige we, ic bidde, mid
worde & mid tungan, ac mid weorce & 
so+df+astnysse.
<R 964>
Paulus se apostol be +dam ylcan cw+a+d: (\Qui dicunt se nosse
Dominum, factis autem negant\) : Hi secga+d,
+t+at hig cunnon +tone so+dan God, ac hig mid heora weorcum
hine wi+dsaca+d.
<R 967>
Se man, +te behet geswicennysse yfeles & his wedd to +tam
syl+d & awend +t+at eft, hu m+ag he +donne 
habban +t+as H+alendes fultum, se +te gesih+d and gesceawa+d 
his heortan, +t+at he wylle awendan his word eft wi+d hine?
<R 970>
Ac man mot on eornost motian wi+d his Drihten, se +te wyle
+t+at we sprecon mid weorcum wi+d hine; for 
+tan se +de wel spric+d & +ta word na gel+ast, he ne de+d nan
+tingc buton fordem+d hine sylfne.
<R 974>
   Lucas se godspellere, se +de w+as l+ace on life, gesette twa
bec urum 
<P 59>
saulum to h+ale: an ys seo 
Cristes boc; o+ter ys gecweden +tus, (\Actus Apostolorum\) , 
+t+at ys on Engliscre spr+ace, +t+ara apostola d+ada, 
+te hi dydon +atg+adere, & hu hi si+d+dan toferdon to fyrlenum
eardum, swa swa se H+alend bebead on his 
halgum godspelle, +t+at hig ealle leoda l+aran sceoldon &
gebigan to geleafan mid heora bodunge.
<R 980>
Petrus bodode on Antiochian byrig, & +t+ar w+aron +arest
gecwedene cristene men +turh hine, & he ferde 
si+d+dan swi+te fus to Rome, & +t+ar bodode +t+are burhwure
geleafan fif and twentig wintra mid wundrum & 
tacnum, o+d +t+at se casere Nero hine acwealde on rode.
<R 983>
Paulus ferde wide geond +tas woruld bodiende manegum
leodscipum, o+d +t+at he on last becom in to Rome
byrig & +t+ar eac bodode.
<R 985>
& Nero het +ta hine beheafdian on +tam ylcan d+age, +te he
aheng Petrum.
<R 986>
Andreas bodode on Achaian lande & on Scithian, & he sy+d+dan
wear+d on rode ahangen for +t+as H+alendes 
naman.
<R 988>
Iacob se gingra, +te w+as Iohannes bro+tor, bodode +tam
Iudeiscum +te w+aron tostengte, +tam twelf m+ag+dum,
tacna wircende, o+d +t+at Herodes cyning hine beheafdode.
<R 991>
Iohannes his bro+dor bodode on Asia, on easteweardan worulde,
& he ne 
<P 60>
wear+d na ofslagen, ac +after 
manegum wundrum he gewat to Criste, +ta +ta he on ylde w+as
nygan & hundnygontig wintra.
<R 993>
Philippus bodode +tam h+a+denum folce wi+d +t+are s+a sylfre,
& he si+d+dan gewat to H+arapolim & wear+d +ta 
geendod.
<R 995>
Thomas bodode on Parthon & Medon & on [{Yrcaniam{] , o+d +t+at 
he com to Indian & +t+ar wear+d ofslagen for 
+tone so+dan geleafan.
<R 997>
Bartholomeus bodode on Indian, on +t+are fyrran Indian, &
+t+ar wear+d ofslagen.
<R 998>
Matheus bodode on Ethiopian lande, +t+at synd +ta Silhearwan,
& se kining hine ofsloh, na se gelyfeda,
ac se ungeleaffulla.
<R 1000>
Iacob se rihtwisa wunode on +tam lande binnan Hierusalem
bodiende geleafan o+d +t+at +ta Iudeiscan hine
acwealdon.
<R 1002>
Simon & Iudas samod w+aron gemartyrode on Persida lande for
Cristes geleafan, on +dam +te hi bodedon &
biscopas gehadedon on heora twelf scirum, o+d +t+at man hig
ofsloh.
<R 1004>
Mathias bodode on Iudea lande, se +te w+as gecoren on Iudan
stede, +t+at +t+ara apostola getel wurde 
gefylled.
<R 1006>
Ealra +tissera apostola geendunge ic h+abbe awriten buton
Mathian anes, +te ic ofacsian [{ne{] mihte: +da 
ge mihton r+adan & eow ar+aman on +tam, gif ge holde w+aron
eowrum agenum sawlum.
<P 61>
<R 1010>
   Iohannes leofode on +tisum life heora lengst, & he awrat +ta
boc on his wr+acsi+de Apocalipsis 
gehaten, +t+at ys onwrigennyss, +te him Crist geswutelode on
his gastlican gesih+te be +tam H+alende sylfum & 
his gela+dunge & be domes d+age & be +tam deoflican Antecriste 
& be +tam +ariste to +tam ecan life; & +teos
boc ys +aftemyst on +d+are bibliothecan.
<R 1015>
   Ic m+ag +te secgan git sum +ting be Iohanne, +t+at +tu wylt
gelyfan, +t+at he mid weorcum spr+ac to sumum 
cnihte, swa swa us ky+d seo racu, +done he lufode, & him eac
swa gel+aste.
<R 1017>
Hieronimus se wur+tfulla & se wisa bocere, +te ure
bibliothecan gebrohte to Ledene of Greciscum bocum
& of Ebreiscum, he awrat be Iohanne +tam halgan godspellere,
Cristes modrian sunu, on +t+are 
circlican bec (\Ecclesiastica Hystoria\) , +tus cwe+dende be 
him: (\Audi fabulam, non fabulam sed rem gestam de 
Iohanne apostolo, & cetera\) .
<R 1022>
Gehyr +du +tas race, na swilce lease sagu, ac geworden +ting
be Iohanne +dam apostole & swi+te 
gemyndelic eallum geleaffullum +te on ealdum dagum be him 
gedon w+as.
<R 1025>
Domicianus hatte se deoflica casere, +te +after Nerone +ta
re+dan ehtnyssa besette on +tam cristenum, &
hi acwealde mid witum.
<R 1026>
Se het genyman +tone halgan apostol & on weallendum ele he het
hine ba+dian, for +dan +te se hata ele 
g+a+d in to +dam bane; & him w+as ea+dgete ele to 
<P 62>
+tam ba+de.
<R 1029>
Hig gebrohton +ta Iohannem binnan +t+are cyfe on +tam
weallendan ele; ac he wear+d gescild +turh Godes 
mihte & mid halum lichaman of +tam ba+de eode, swa swa he
unwemme w+as fram fl+asclicum lustum & fulre 
galnysse.
<R 1032>
+after +tisum gehet se hetola casere, for +dan +de Iohannes
nolde his bodunge geswican, +t+at man hine 
gebrohte binnan anum igo+de feor on wr+acsi+de, Pathmos 
gehaten, & he +t+ar wunode, o+d +t+at +t+as caseres 
witan heora hlaford ofslogon, swa swa him eallum gewear+d, for
his w+alhreownysse & his gewittleaste, &
+ta witan +ta demdon +t+at eall wurde aidlod, & mid ealle
awend, swa hw+at swa he wolde mid his yfelan 
r+ade +ar +tam gefremman.
<R 1038>
Wear+d +ta eft gelangod se geleaffulla apostol of +tam iglande
ham to Ephesan byrig, +t+ar +t+ar he 
wununge h+afde, Godes wundra wyrcende & +t+at folc l+arende to
geleafan simble.
<R 1041>
+da +after sumum fyrste ferde se apostol, swa swa he gela+dod
w+as +turh +ta geleaffullan, to gehendum 
burgum bodigende geleafan & +t+at he circean ar+arde on
gehwilcum scirum, +t+ar +t+ar +ar +dam n+aron, & he eac
+ta gesette mid gehadodum preostum, be +tam +te se Halga Gast
him simble gewissode, swa swa us seg+d 
seo racu.
<R 1046>
He becom +ta to anre birig, swa swa he gebeden w+as, gehende
Ephesan, & +t+ar bisceop gehadode, & +ta 
circlican +teawas him 
<P 63>
sylf +t+ar get+ahte +tam gehadodum
preostum, +de he +t+ar gelogode, & mid micelre m+ar+te
+t+at mennisc +t+ar l+arde to Godes geleafan mid gl+adre
heortan.
<R 1051>
   +da geseah Iohannes sumne cniht on +tam folce iunglicre 
ylde & +anlices hiwes, stranglic on w+astme & 
wenlic on nebbe, swi+de gl+ad on mode & on anginne caf, &
begann to lufienne on his li+dum +teawum +tone
iungan cniht +t+at he hine Criste gestrynde.
<R 1054>
+da beseah Iohannes swa upp to +tam bisceope, +te +da niwan
w+as gehadod, & him +tus to cw+a+d: Wite +tu la
bisceop, +t+at ic wille +t+at +tu h+abbe +tisne iungan man mid
+te on +tinre lare +at ham, & ic hine +te 
bef+aste mid healicre gecneordnisse on Cristes gewitnysse & 
+tissere gela+dunge.
<R 1059>
Hw+at, +ta se bisceop bli+delice underfeng +tone fores+adan
cniht, & s+ade +t+at he wolde his gimene habban
mid geornfulnysse, swa he him bebead, on his wununge mid him.
<R 1061>
Iohannes +ta eft geedleahte his word & gelome bebead +tam
bisceope mid h+asum, +t+at he +tone iungan 
cniht gewissian sceolde to +dam halgan geleafan, & he ham +ta
gewende eft to Efesan birig to his 
bisceopstole.
<R 1064>
Se bisceop +ta underfeng, swa swa him beboden w+as, +tone
iungan cniht, & him Cristes lare d+aghwamlice
t+ahte & hine deorwur+dlice heold, o+d +t+at he hine
gefullode mid fullum truwan +t+at he geleafful w+are,
& he wunode 
<P 64>
swa mid him on arwur+dnysse, o+d +t+at se bisceop
hine let faran be his wille, wende +t+at 
he sceolde on Godes gife +turhwunian on gastlicum +teawum.
<R 1070>
He geseah +ta sona +t+at he his sylfes geweold on ungeripedum
freodome & unsta+d+digum +teawum, & begann
+ta to lufienne leahtras to swi+de & fela un+deawas mid his
efenealdum cnihtum, +te unr+adlice ferdon on
heora idelum lustum on gewemmednyssum & [{wolicum{] geb+arum.
<R 1074>
He & his geferan +ta begunnon to lufienne +ta micclan
druncennisse on nihtlicum gedwylde, & hig +ta 
hine on gebrohton +t+at he begann to stelenne on heora gewunan,
& he gewenede swa hine sylfne simble to
heora synlicum +teawum & to marum mor+dd+adum mid +tam
manfullum flocce.
<R 1078>
He genam +ta heardlice +turh heora lare on his or+tance +ta
egeslican d+ada, & swa swa modig hors +te 
ungemidlod by+d & nele gehirsumian +tam +de him on uppan sitt,
swa ferde se cniht on his fracedum d+adum,
& on mor+dd+adum micclum gestrangod on orwennysse his agenre
h+ale, swa +t+at he ortruwode on his 
drihtnys mildheortnysse, & his mildheortnysse, & his fulluhtes 
ne rohte, +te he underfangen h+afde.
<R 1085>
Him +tuhte +ta to waclic +t+at he wolde gefremman +ta 
[{l+assan{] leahtras, ac he leornode +afre maran & 
maran on his manfulnysse & ne let 
<P 65>
nanne his gelican on yfele.
<R 1088>
He ne ge+tafode +ta, +t+at he under+teod w+are yfelum gegadum,
+te hine +ar forl+ardon, ac wolde beon yldest
on +tam yfelan flocce & geworhte his geferan to wealdgengum
ealle on widgillum dunum on ealre 
hreownysse.
<R 1090>
Eft +ta +after fyrste ferde se apostol to +t+are fores+adan
byrig, +de se bisceop on wunode, +te +tone 
cniht h+afde on his gimene +aror, swa swa Iohannes het, & he 
hine bef+aste & he swi+de bli+de w+as +at +tam 
bisceopstole, sy+d+dan he gedon h+afde his Drihtenes +tenunga 
& +ta +ding gefyllede, +te he fore gela+tod w+as.
<R 1095>
He cw+a+d +ta anr+adlice: Eala +tu la bisceop, gebring me nu
+atforan +t+at +t+at ic +de bef+aste on mines 
Drihtnes truwan, & on +t+are gewitnysse, +te +du wissian 
scealt on +tissere gela+dunge.
<R 1097>
He wear+d +ta ablicged & wende +t+at he b+ade sumes o+tres
sceattes o+d+de sumes feos, +t+as +te he ne 
underfeng fram +tam apostole; ac he eft be+dohte, +t+at se 
eadiga Iohannes him leogan nolde, ne hine +t+as 
biddan +t+at he +ar ne bef+aste, & he forhtmod wafode.
<R 1101>
Iohannes +ta geseah +t+at he s+at ablicged, & cw+a+d him eft
+tus to: Ic bidde +at +te nu +t+as iungan 
cnihtes, +te ic +te bef+aste, and +t+as bro+tor sawle +te me 
besorh ys.
<R 1104>
+da begann se ealda incu+dlice siccettan & mid wope wear+d
<P 66>
witodlice ofergoten, & cw+a+d to Iohanne: He,
leof, ys nu dead.
<R 1105>
+da befran Iohannes f+arlice, & cw+a+d: Hu ys he la dead
o+d+de hwilcum dea+de?
<R 1107>
He cw+a+d him eft +tus to andsware: He is Gode dead, for +tan
+te he leahterfull & geleafleas +atb+arst, &
he ys geworden nu to wealdgengan & +t+ara scea+dena ealdor,
+te he him sylf gegaderode, & wuna+d on 
anre dune mid manegum scea+tum, +tam +te he nu ys ealdor &
heretoga.
<R 1111>
Hw+at, +ta Iohannes mid orm+atre geomerunge cwehte his heafod,
& cw+a+d to +tam bisceope: Godne hyrde let
ic +te, +t+at +tu +t+as bro+dor sawle heolde; ac beo me nu
gegearcod an ger+adod hors & latteow +t+as weges
+te li+d to +tam scea+dum.
<R 1114>
& man him sona funde, +t+as +te he frimdig w+as, & he fram
+t+are ciricean sona swi+de efste, o+d +t+at he 
geseah +t+ara scea+tena f+ar, & to +tam weardmannum witodlice
becom.
<R 1117>
+da gel+ahton +ta weardmen his wealdle+der f+aste, +t+at he
mid fleame huru ne +atburste; ac he nolde him 
+atfleon ne nanes fleames cepan, ac he clypode ofer eall: Ic 
com me sylf to eow; al+ada+d me nu to 
butan [{late{] eowerne ealdor.
<R 1120>
Hig clipodon +ta mid +tam +tone cniht him ra+de to, +te hira
heafodman w+as, & he com +ta gew+amnod, & he 
mid sceame wear+d sona ofergoten, +ta +ta he oncneow +tone
<P 67>
Cristes apostol, & began to fleonne fram his
andweardnysse.
<R 1123>
Iohannes +da heow +t+at hors mid +tam spuran & wear+d him
+afterweard & his ylde ne gimde, clypode +ta 
hlude & cw+a+d to +tam fleondum: Eala +tu min sunu, hwi flihst
+tu +tinne f+ader?
<R 1126>
Hwi flihst +du +tisne ealdan & [{ungew+apnodan{] ?
<R 1127>
Ne ondr+ad +te la earming; git +tu h+afst lifes hiht.
<R 1128>
Ic wille agildan gescead for +tinre sawle Criste & ic lustlice
wille min lif for +te syllan, swa swa
se H+alend sealde hine sylfne for us, & mine sawle ic sille
for +tinre.
<R 1130>
+atstand huru nu, & gehyr +tas word, & gelyf +t+at se H+alend
me asende to +te.
<R 1131>
+ta +atstod se wealdgenga, sy+t+tan he +tas word gehirde, &
aleat to eor+dan mid eallum lichama, & 
awearp his w+amna & weop swi+de biterlice, & he bifiende feoll 
to Iohannes fotum mid geomerunge & 
+toterunge mid tearum ofergoten, biddende miltsunge be +tam 
+de he mihte, & behydde his swi+dran hand ofsceamod
for+dearle for +t+are mor+dd+ade +te he gedon h+afde, & for
+tam manslihte +te he sloh mid +t+are handa.
<R 1137>
+Da swor se apostol, +t+at he so+dlice wolde him mildsunge
begitan +at +tam mildheortan H+alende, & eac he
sylf aleat to him, & gel+ahte his swi+tran, for +d+are +te he
ofdr+add w+as for his mor+dd+adum, & al+adde 
[{hine{] aweg wepende to 
<P 68>
circean, & for hine geb+ad mid
bro+dorlicre lufe, swa swa he him behet, to +tam 
H+alende gelome, & eac mid f+aste fela daga on an, o+d +t+at 
he him mildsunge beget +at +tam mildheortan Criste.
<R 1143>
He hine frefrode eac mid his f+agera lare & his afyrhte mod
swi+te f+agerlice mid his frofre 
geli+dew+ahte, +t+at he ne wurde ormod, & he nateshwon ne 
geswac, +ar +tan +te his sawul w+as wi+dinnan gegladod 
+turh +tone Halgan Gast & he mildsunge h+afde ealra his 
misd+ada.
<R 1147>
He hine hadode eac to +t+as H+alendes +teowdome; ac us ne
seg+d na seo racu to hwam he hine sette, buton
+t+at he sealde so+de gebysnunge eallum d+adbetendum, +te to
Drihtene gecyrra+d, +t+at hig magon arisan ,
gif hig r+adf+aste beo+d, fram heora sawle dea+te & fram heora
[{synna{] bendum, & heora Scippend gladian 
mid so+dre d+adbote, & habban +t+at ece lif mid +tam leofan
H+alende se +te a rixa+d on ecnysse.
<R 1153>
Amen.
<R 1154>
   We habba+d nu ges+ad be +dam circlicum bocum on +t+are 
ealdan +a & eac on +t+are [^CRAWFORD: +tare^] niwan: +da 
synd +ta twa gecy+dnyssa be Cristes menniscnysse & be +t+are
halgan +trinnysse on so+dre annysse, swa Isaias geseah on 
his gastlican gesih+de, hu God sylf ges+at & him sungon abutan
(\duo seraphin\) , +t+at sind twa engla werod:
(\Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus, 
<P 69>
Dominus Deus Sabaoth\) , +t+at ys
on Englisc: Halig, halig, halig, Drihten
weroda God.
<R 1160>
Mid his wuldre ys afylled eall eor+dan bradnisse.
<R 1161>
+da twa seraphin so+dlice [{getacnodon{] +ta ealdan 
geky+dnysse & eac +ta niwan, +te heria+d mid wordum & mid
weorcum +afre +tone +almihtigan God, se +te ana rixa+d on anre
[{godcundnysse{] [^MS: godgundnysse^] butan anginne & ende.
<R 1164>
+da lareowas, +te nella+d heora lare nyman of +tisum halgum
bocum, ne heora gebysnunga, +ta beo+d swilce
lareowas, swa swa Crist sylf s+ade: (\Cecus si ceco ducatum
prestet, ambo in foueam cadent\) .
<R 1167>
Gif se blinda man by+d +t+as blindan latteow, +tonne
befealla+d hi begen on sumne blindne sea+d.
<R 1168>
+da lareowas +te willa+d heora lare nyman of +tisum halgum
bocum & heora gebysnunga ge of +t+are ealdan 
geki+dnisse ge of +t+are niwan, +ta beo+d swilce lareowas, swa
swa Crist eft sylf cw+a+d: (\Omnis scriba 
doctus in regno celorum similis est homini patrifamilias, qui
profert de thesauro suo noua & uetera\) :
+alc gel+ared bocere on Godes gela+dunge ys gelic +tam
hlaforde, +te forl+at simble of his agenum 
goldhorde ealde +ting & niwe.
<R 1176>
   Twa & hundseofontig boca sind on bibliothecan, for +tan +te
hig 
<P 70>
sume sind tosette on twa for heora 
langnysse on geleafulre ciricean: +t+at m+ag sceawian +te +da
gesetnisse cann.
<R 1178>
& swa fela +teoda wurdon tod+alede +at +t+are wundorlican
byrig, +te +ta entas woldon wircean mid gebeote
+after Noes flode, +ar +tan +de hi toferdon.
<R 1180>
And swa fela leorningcnihta asende ure H+alend mancinne to
bodienne +t+ara boca lare mid +tam 
cristendome, +te +ta com on +tas woruld +turh +done H+alend 
sylfne & +turh his bydelas.
<R 1183>
Syndon swa +teah gesette o+dre bec +durh halige lareowas, +te
man h+af+d wide gehw+ar on cristendome 
Criste to lofe.
<R 1185>
   & seo sixte yld +tissere worulde stynt fram Criste astreht 
o+t domes d+ag eallum mannum ungewiss, ac 
hit wat se H+alend.
<R 1187>
Seo seofo+de yld ys +te yrn+d mid +tisum sixum fram Abele +tam
rihtwisan o+d +tissere worulde ende, na on
lybbendum mannum, ac on for+dfarenum sawlum on +tam o+drum
life, +t+ar +t+ar hig blissia+d andbidiende git
+t+as ecan lifes +tonne hig arisa+d, swa swa we ealle sceolon,
of dea+de gesunde urum Drihtene togeanes.
<R 1191>
Seo eahteo+de yld ys se an eca d+ag +after urum +ariste,
+tonne we rixia+d mid Gode on sawle & on 
lichaman on ecere s+al+te, & ne bi+t nan ende [{+t+as{] anes 
d+ages, +tonne +ta halgan scina+d swa swa seo sunne de+d nu.
<P 71>
<R 1195>
   Hu m+ag se man wel faran, +de his mod awent fram eallum 
+tisum bocum & bi+d him swa anwille, +t+at him 
leofre bi+d, +t+at he lybbe +afre be his agenum dihte ascired
fram +tisum, swilce he ne cunne Cristes 
gesetnyssa?
<R 1198>
Moyses us l+arde, se m+ara witega, on his gesetnissum +tus
secgende eallum: (\Interroga patrem tuum & 
adnuntiabit tibi, maiores tuos, & dicent tibi, & cetera\) ;
+t+at ys on Englisc: Acsa +tinne f+ader embe 
+done so+tan God & he +te ky+d be him; befrin +tine yldran & 
hig +te secga+d.
<R 1202>
Gif +tu nelt witan & beon gewissod her, +tu scealt leornian
+d+ar +te la+tre bi+d on egeslicum witum, +d+at
+tu wite +tonne hw+ane +tu forsawe & hw+as gesetnysse.
<R 1204>
Witan sceoldon smeagan mid wislicum ge+teahte, +tonne on
mancinne to micel yfel bi+d, hwilc +t+ara 
stelenna +t+as cinestoles w+are tobrocen, & betan +tone sona.
<R 1207>
Se cinestol stynt on +tisum +trim stelum: (\laboratores,
bellatores, oratores\) .
<R 1208>
(\Laboratores\) sind +te us bigleofan tilia+d, yr+dlingas &
+ahte men to +tam anum bet+ahte.
<R 1209>
(\Oratores\) syndon +te us +tingia+d to Gode & cristendom
fyr+dria+d on cristenum folcum on Godes +teowdome
to +dam gastlican gewinne, to +tam anum bet+ahte us eallum to
+tearfe.
<P 72>
<R 1212>
(\Bellatores\) sindon +te ure burga healda+d & eac urne eard,
wi+d +tone sigendne here feohtende mid 
w+amnum, swa swa Paulus s+ade, se +teoda lareow, on his 
lareowdome: (\Non sine causa portat miles gladium,
& cetera\) , Ne byr+d na se cniht butan intingan his swurd.
<R 1216>
He ys Godes +ten +te sylfum to +tearfe on +dam yfelum
wyrcendum to wr+ace gesett.
<R 1217>
On +tisum +trim stelum stynt se cynestol, & gif an bi+d forud,
he fyl+d adun sona +tam o+drum stelum to 
un+tearfe gewiss.
<R 1219>
Ac hw+at gebyra+d us embe +tis to smeagenne?
+tis sceolon smeagan +te +t+as giman sceolon.
<R 1221>
   Se rihtwisa God lufa+d rihte domas; ac medsceattas awenda+d
wolice to oft +ta rihtan domas ongean 
Drihtenes willan, & seo yfelnyss becym+d ofer eallum folce, 
+t+ar +d+ar se un+teaw orsorhlice rixa+d.
<R 1223>
Se +te Godes +tegen bi+d, sceolde deman rihtlice butan +alcum
medsceatte mid so+df+astnysse; +tonne 
wur+dode he God mid +tam godan +teawe & his med w+are micel 
for Gode, se +de leofa+d & rixa+d a to worulde.
<R 1226>
Amen.
<R 1227>
   Ic wolde secgan be +tam unges+aligum folce, be +tam 
Iudeiscum, +te urne Drihten ahengon, ac ic wolde 
+arest secgan +t+at +t+at ic ges+ad h+abbe.
<R 1229>
Manega +d+ar gelyfdon of +tam mancinne on Crist, ac se 
<P 73>
m+asta d+al +t+as mancinnes nolde on hine gelyfan 
and losodon for +di.
<R 1231>
Him becomon fela yrm+da +after Cristes +trowunge on eallum
ungelimpum, & ofslagenne wurdon fela +t+as 
folces mid f+arlicum onr+asum.
<R 1233>
& hi acwealdon Cristes apostolas +tone gingran Iacob & +tone
rihtwisan Iacob, & Stephanum oftorfedon
mid heardum stanum, & heora yfel geeacnodon him sylfum to
un+tearfe & noldon besargian +t+as H+alendes
slege ne mid nanre d+adbote his mildse biddan.
<R 1236>
+da sende he him to sillice tacna & si+d+dan hergunge +turh
+ta Romaniscan.
<R 1238>
Vespassianus w+as casere on +tam timan; se asende him to his
sunu Titum mid micelre fyrde +t+as 
Romaniscan folces & bes+at heora burh, o+d +t+at hi swulton 
hungre & mann awearp +ta lic for +tan la+tlican 
stence ut ofer +done weall, & ne mihton nateshwon for heora
m+agenleaste +ta meniu bewerian.
<R 1242>
Hi cuwon heora girdlas & g+ars +aton georne, & +alc l+ahte of
o+drum, gif he hw+at litles h+afde, & +done 
mete of +tam mu+de swi+te unm+ag+dlice, & reaferas urnon geond
ealle +ta burh & smealice sohton mid 
swi+tlicum +dreate +tone behiddan mete on heora hordcleofan, 
& beoton +alcne man +te +anig +ting h+afde, gif he 
heora wodnisse wolde wi+dcwe+dan.
<R 1247>
Nys us na to secgenne +tone sceamlica 
<P 74>
mor+d +te +t+ar gedon w+as, ac hi wurdon adydde mid +tam hatan
hungre, fela hund manna +t+as +arman mennisces, ma +tonne we
secgan willa+d, & +ta reaferas si+t+tan ofsloh +alc
o+derne, & seo burh wear+d gewyld & toworpen grundlunga, swa
se H+alend s+ade +ar his +trowunge.
<R 1252>
Of +tam iungum cnihtum, +te comon of +dam hungre, on eallum
+tam lande hi al+addon aweg to wircenne 
godeweb, swa swa hi w+aron getogenne , & of +tam cnapum ys 
+t+at kynn git gehw+ar, & +tis w+as +t+at edlean heora 
yfelan d+ada & eac hellewite, +t+at +t+at him hefegore ys.
<R 1257>
   Nu miht +tu wel witan, +t+at weorc spreca+d swi+tor +tonne 
+ta nacodan word, +te nabba+d nane fremminge.
<R 1258>
Is swa +teah god weorc on +tam godan wordum, +tonne man
o+derne l+ar+d & to geleafan getrim+d mid +t+are 
so+tan lare, & +tonne mann wisdom sprec+d manegum to +tearfe & 
to rihtinge, +t+at God si geherod, se +te a rixa+d.
<R 1261>
Amen.
<R 1262>
   +Du woldest me la+dian, +ta +ta ic w+as mid +te, +t+at ic
swi+dor drunce swilce for blisse ofer minum 
gewunan: ac wite +tu, leof man, +t+at se +te o+derne neada+d 
ofer his mihte to drincenne, +t+at se mot aberan heora begra
[{gilt{] , gif him +anig hearm of +tam drence becym+d.
<P 75>
<R 1266>
   Vre H+alend Crist on his halgan godspelle forbead +tone
oferdrenc eallum gelyfedum mannum: healde se
+de wille his gesetnysse.
<R 1268>
& +ta halgan lareowas +after +tam H+alende aledon +tone un+deaw
+turh heora lareowdom & t+ahton +t+at man 
drince swa swa him ne derede, for +dan +te se oferdrenc forde+d
untwilice +t+as mannes sawle & his 
gesundfullnysse, & unh+al becym+d of +tam drence.
<R 1272>
   Locahwa +tas boc awrite, write hig be +t+are bysne, & for
Godes lufon hi gerihte, +t+at heo to leas ne 
beo +tam writere to plihte & me to tale.


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q O3/4 IR RELT LWSIGE>
<N LET WULFSIGE>
<A AELFRIC>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^B1.8.1^]
<P 1>
<R 1>
Be Preoste Syno+de.
Ic secge eow preostum, +t+at ic sylf nelle beran eowre
gymeleaste on eowrum +teowdome; ac ic secge eow 
so+dlice, hu hit geset is be preostum.
<P 2>
<R 2>
Crist sylf astealde cristendom and cl+annysse, and ealle +ta,
+te ferdon on his fare mid him, forleton
ealle woruld+ting and wifes neawiste.
<R 3>
For+dan+te he sylf cw+a+d on sumum godspelle: se+de his wif
ne hata+d, nis he me wyr+de +ten.
<R 4>
+ta +after Cristes upstige eft to heofenan rice and +after
geendunge his arwur+dra apostola wear+d swa mycel ehtnys on
middanearde astyrod, +t+at man ne mihte gegadrian Godes
+teowas to syno+de, for +tam h+a+denum cw+allerum, +te cepton
heora dea+des.
<R 5>
O+d+t+at Constantinus se casere to cristendome beah, se+de
eallne ymbhwyrft on his anwealde h+afde.
<R 6>
+ta gegaderode he sino+d on +t+are ceastre Nicea, +treo hund
bisceopa and eahtatyne bisceopas of eallum
leodscipum, for +t+as geleafan trymminge.
<P 3>
<R 7>
+t+ar w+aron swa m+are biscopas manege on +dam syno+de, +t+at
hy wyrcean mihtan wundra and swa dydon.
<R 8>
Hy amansumodon +t+ar +tone m+assepreost Arrium.
<R 9>
For+tan+te he nolde gelyfan, +t+at +t+as lifigendan Godes sunu
w+are ealswa mihtig, swa his m+ara f+ader is.
<R 10>
+ta fordemdon hy ealle +tone deofles mann.
<R 11>
Ac he nolde geswican +ar+tam+te him sah se inno+d eall endemes
ut, +ta+ta he to gange eode.
<R 12>
On +tam sino+de w+aron gesette +ta halgan cyric+tenunga and se
m+assecreda and manega o+tre +ting be Godes biggengcum and be
Godes +teowum.
<R 13>
Hy gecw+adon +ta ealle mid anr+adum ge+tance, +t+at na+der ne
bisceop ne m+assepreost, ne diacon, ne
<P 4>
nan riht canonicus, n+abbe on his huse n+anne wifman,
buton hit sy his modor, o+d+de his swustur, fa+du,
o+d+de modrige, and se+te elles do, +tolige his hades.
<R 14>
Nu +tinc+d eow +tis syllic to gehyrenne, for+tan+te ge
habba+d eowre yrm+de swa on gewunan gebroht, swylce hit nan
pleoh ne sy, +t+at se preost libbe swaswa ceorl.
<R 15>
Nu cwe+de ge, +t+at ge ne magon beon butan wimmannes
+tenungum.
<R 16>
And hu mihtan +ta halgan weras +ta wunigan butan wife?
Ac +ta halgan f+aderas, +te beforan us w+aron, swaswa w+as
Sanctus Ieronimus preost and Sanctus Anastasius preost, +te
Sanctus Basilius se biscop geypte, and Sanctus Beda preost,
+de his ban resta+d on Eoferwic and ungerime o+dre, +te we
heora
<P 5>
naman ne cunnan, geond ealra eor+tan ymbhwyrfte
middaneardes h+afden forh+afednesse fram wifes neaweste and
mid ealra gehealdsumnesse and gehyrsumnesse Godes and heora
ealdras Gode wel gecwemdan.
<R 17>
Hy habba+d eac nu +da mede heora modes cl+annysse a butan ende
on +tam ecan life.
Nu cwe+da+d oft preostas +t+at Petrus h+afde wif.
Ful so+d hy secga+d, for+tam+te he swa moste +ta, on +t+are
ealdan +a, +ar+tan+te he to Criste gebuge.
Ac he forlet his wif and ealle woruld+ting, sy+d+dan he to
Criste beah, +te +da cl+annysse astealde.
<P 6>
<R 18>
On +t+are ealdan +a moste se bisceop niman him an cl+ane
m+aden and wi+d hy tyman on asettum timan.
<R 19>
For+tan+te +t+at an cyn sceolde symble beon +t+as hades and of
nanre o+tre m+ag+de ne moste +t+ar beon nan bisceop.
<R 20>
He ne moste swa+teah butan +ane wifigan, ne he ne moste on
wydewum wifigan ne on aworpenum wife; ac,
ealswa we +ar s+adon, on sumum m+adene.
<R 21>
Hy mihton +ta wel habban wif on +tam dagum.
<R 22>
For+tan +te hy n+afre ne m+assedon, ne menn ne husledon; ac
offrodon nytenu on +ta ealdan wisan.
<R 23>
O+d +t+at Crist halgode husl +ar his +trowunge and +ta m+assan
astealde, +te stent nu +turh hyne.
<R 24>
+d+ar w+as eac gesett on +tam ylcan sino+de, +t+at, se+de
widewan name o+d+de aworpen wif, o+d+de se+te eft wifode,
<P 7>
+t+at he ne wurde n+afre sy+d+dan to nanum hade genumen,
ne gehalgod to preoste.
<R 25>
Ac se+de +ar h+afde him an cl+ane wif, se w+are gecoren to
+tam cl+anan hade, swa swa se apostol Paulus on
his pistole awrat.
<R 26>
Ne nan preost ne mot beon +at +tam brydlacum ahw+ar +t+ar man
+aft wifa+d, o+d+de wif eft ceorla+d, ne hy tog+adere bletsian.
<R 27>
Swylce man bycnige him, swa+t+at him selre w+are, +t+at hy
wunodon on cl+annysse.
<P 8>
<R 28>
Se l+aweda mot swa+teah be +t+as apostoles leafe o+dre si+de
wifigan, gyf his wif him +atfyl+d, ac +ta canones forbeoda+d
+ta bletsunga +t+arto and gesetton d+adbote swylcum mannum
to donne.
<R 29>
Seofon hadas syndon gesette on cyrcan: an is (\hostiarius\) , 
o+der is (\lector\) , +tridda is (\exorcista\) , feor+da 
(\acolitus\) , fifta (\subdiaconus\) , sixta (\diaconus\) ,
seofo+da (\presbiter\) .
<R 30>
(\Hostiarius\) is +t+are cyrican durewerd; Se sceal mid bellan
bicnigan +ta tida and +ta cyrcan unlucan geleaffullum mannum
and +ta ungeleaffullan belucan wi+dutan.
<P 9>
<R 31>
(\Lector\) is r+adere, +te r+ad on Godes cyrcan and bi+d 
+t+arto gehadod, +t+at he bodige Godes word.
<R 32>
(\Exorcista\) is on englisc: se+te mid a+de halsa+d +ta 
awyrgedan gastas, +te wylla+d menn dreccan, +turh +t+as
h+alendes naman, +t+at hy +ta menn forl+aton.
<R 33>
(\Acolitus\) is gecweden se+te candele o+d+de tapor byr+d to 
Godes +tenungum, +tonne mann godspell r+at o+d+de +tonne man
halga+d +t+at husl +at +tam weofode.
<R 34>
Na swylce he todr+afe +ta dymlican +teostra, ac +t+at he
gebycnige blysse mid +tam leohte, Criste to arwur+dnysse,
+te is ure leoht.
<P 10>
<R 35>
(\Subdiaconus\) is so+dlice underdiacon, se+te +ta fatu byr+d
for+d to +tam diacone and mid eadmodnysse +tena+d
under +tam diacone +at +tam halgan weofode mid +tam
huselfatum.
<R 36>
(\Diaconus\) is +ten, +te +tena+d +tam m+assepreoste and +ta
offrunga sett uppon +t+at weofod and godspell eac r+at +at
Godes +tenungum.
<R 37>
Se mot fulligan cild and +t+at folc husligan.
<R 38>
+ta sceolon on hwytum album +tam h+alende +teowigan and +t+at
heofenlice lif healdan mid cl+annysse and eall dugende beon,
swaswa hit gedafena+d +tam hade.
<R 39>
Sacerd, +te bi+d wunigende butan diacone, se hafa+d +tone
naman and n+af+d +ta +tenunga.
<P 11>
<R 40>
(\Presbiter\) is m+assepreost o+d+de ealdwita.
<R 41>
Na +t+at +alc eald sy, ac +t+at he eald sy on wisdome.
<R 42>
Se halga+d Godes husel, swaswa se h+alend bebead.
He sceal +t+at folc l+aran to geleafan mid bodunge and mid
cl+anum +teawum +tam cristenum gebysnian.
And his lif ne sceal beon swylce l+awedra manna.
<R 43>
Nis na mare betwyx m+assepreoste and bisceop, buton +t+at se
bisceop bi+d gesett to hadigenne preostas
and to bisceopgenne cild and to halgyenne cyrcan and to
gymenne Godes gerihta, for+tan+te hit w+are to
m+anigfeald, gif +alc m+assepreost swa dyde.
<R 44>
And hy habba+d +anne had, +teah se o+der sy fur+dor.
<R 45>
Nis nan had gesett on cyrclicum +teawum butan +tas seofon, swa
swa we s+adon nu.
<P 12>
<R 46>
Munuchad and abbudhad syndon on o+dre wisan and ne syndon
getealde to +tysum getele, ne eac nunnanhad
nis na genamod herto.
<R 47>
+tas hadas syndon halige and to heofenum gebringa+d +t+ara
preosta sawla, +te hy syferlice healda+d.
<R 48>
Nu gebyra+d m+assepreostum and eallum Godes +teowum, +t+at hi
healdan heora cyrcan mid halgum +teowdome,
And +ta seofon tidsangas gesyngon +t+arinne, +te him gesette
synd, swaswa se sino+d hi gedihte: Uhtsang
and primsang, undernsang and midd+agsang, nonsang and
+afensang and nihtsang seofo+dan.
<R 51>
And hi sceolon gebiddan geornlice for +tone cyning and
<P 13>
for heora bisceop und for +ta, +te him god do+d
and for eall cristen folc.
<R 52>
He sceal habban eac +ta w+apna to +tam gastlicum weorce,
+ar+tan+te he beo gehadod, +t+at synd +ta halgan bec:
saltere and pistolboc, godspellboc and m+asseboc, sangboc
and handboc, gerim and pastoralem, penitentialem and
r+adingboc.
<R 53>
+tas bec sceal m+assepreost nede habban, and he ne m+ag butan
beon, gif he his had on riht healdan wyle and +tam folce +after
rihte wisigan, +te him toloca+d.
<R 54>
And beo he +at +tam w+ar, +t+at hi beon wel gerihte.
<P 14>
<R 55>
He sceal habban eac m+assereaf, +t+at he mage arwur+dlice Gode
sylfum +tenigan, swa hit gedafenlic is.
<R 56>
+t+at his reaf ne beo horig ne huru tosigen.
<R 57>
And his weofodsceatas beon wel [{behworfene{] . [^EDITION AND   #
TORONTO CORPUS: betworfene^]
<R 58>
Beo his calic eac of cl+anum antimbre geworht,
unforrotigendlic and eallswa se disc and cl+ane corporale,
swaswa to Cristes +tenungum gebyra+d.
<R 59>
Man ne m+ag butan geswynce swylc +ting for+dbringan.
<R 60>
Ac +ta beo+d on ecnysse arwur+de mid Gode, +te him wel
+tenia+d mid wisdome and mid cl+annysse.
<R 61>
Se m+assepreost sceal secgan sunnandagum and m+assedagum +t+as
godspelles angyt on englisc +tam folce.
<P 15>
<R 62>
And be +tam pater nostre and be +tam credan eac, swa he oftost
mage, +tam mannum to onbryrdnysse, +t+at
hi cunnon geleafan and heora cristendom gehealdan.
<R 63>
Warnige se lareow wi+d +t+at, +te se witega cw+a+d: (\Canes
muti non possunt latrare\) ; +ta dumban hundas ne
magon beorcan.
<R 64>
We sceolon beorcan and bodigan +tam l+awedum, +te l+as hy for
larlyste losian sceoldan.
<R 65>
Crist cw+a+d on his godspelle, be unsnoterum lareowum: (\Cecus
si ceco ducatum prestet, ambo in foueam
cadunt\) ; Gif se blinda mann bi+d +t+as o+dres blindan
latteow, +tonne befealla+d hy begen on sumne blindne sea+d.
<R 66>
Blind bi+d se lareow, gif [^FEHR AND TORONTO CORPUS: git^]
he +ta boclare ne cann and beswic+d +ta l+awedan mid his
larleaste.
<R 67>
Swa warnia+d eow wi+d +tis, swaswa ge +tearfe agon.
<P 16>
<R 68>
+da halgan f+aderas gesetton eac +t+at menn syllon heora
teo+tunga in to Godes cyrcan.
<R 69>
And gange se sacerd to and d+ale hy on +treo: +anne d+al to
cyrcbote and o+derne +tearfum, +tone +triddan +tam Godes
+teowum, +te +t+are cyrcan begyma+d.
Eac hy gesetton +t+at mann ne sceole m+assian innan nanum
huse, buton hyt gehalgod sy.
<R 70>
Buton for mycelre neode, o+d+de gyf mann bi+d untrum.
<R 71>
And gif ungefullod cild f+arlice bi+d gebroht to +tam
m+assepreost, +t+at he hit mot fullian sona mid ofste,
+t+at hit ne swelte h+a+den.
<P 17>
<R 72>
And +t+at nan preost ne do his halgan +tenunge wi+d sceattum,
ne nanes +tinges ne bidde +at, na+dor ne for
fulluhte ne for nanre +tenunge, +t+at he ne beo +tam
gelic, +te Crist sylf adr+afde mid swipe of +tam temple,
for+dam+te hy mangodon manfullice +t+arinne.
Ne do na se Godes +teowa Godes +tenunge for sceattum, ac to
+ty +t+at he geearnige +t+at ece wuldor +turh +t+at.
<P 18>
<R 74>
Ne nan preost +turh dysig ne drynce ungemetelice, ne n+anne
mann ne neadige to mycclum drynce.
<R 75>
For+tan+te he sceall beon gearo, gif cild bi+d to fulligenne
o+d+de man to husligenne, +t+at he h+abbe his
gewitt.
<R 76>
And +teah hit swa ne getimige, ne sceal he beon druncen,
for+tan+te ure drihten forbead druncennysse
his +tenum.
<R 77>
Ne preost ne beo mangere ne gitsigende massere.
<R 78>
Ne he ne forl+ate his godcundnysse.
<R 79>
Ne ne fo to woruldspr+acum.
<R 80>
Ne he w+apna ne werige, ne ne wirce sace.
<P 19>
<R 81>
Ne he ne drince +at wintunnum, swa swa woroldmenn do+d.
<R 82>
Ne he a+das ne swerige, ac mid anfealdnysse sprece +afre
unleaslice, swaswa gel+ared Godes +teowa.
<R 83>
He sceal eac mid gesceade +ta syngigendan scrifan +alcne be
his m+a+de, swaswa he acuman mage.
<R 84>
And he sceal husligan unhale and seoce, +ta hwile +te se seoca
mage +t+at husl forswelgan; and he hit ne sceal don, gif he
samcucu bi+d, for+dan+te Crist het, +t+at mann +ate +t+at husl.
<R 85>
Se preost sceal habban gehalgodne ele on sundron to cildum and
on sundran to seocum mannum, and smyrigan +ta seocan symble on
legere.
<P 20>
<R 86>
Sume seoce menn forwandiga+d, +t+at hy nella+d ge+tafian,
+t+at hi man smyrige on heora untrumnysse.
<R 87>
Nu wylle we eow secgan, hu se Godes apostol Iacobus be +tam
t+ahte.
He cw+a+d to +tam geleafullum +tus: (\Tristatur aliquis
uestrum, oret equo animo et psallat\) ; Gyf eower
hwylc bi+d geunrotsod, he hyne gebidde mid emnum mode and his
drihten herige.
<R 89>
Gyf hwa bi+d geuntrumod betwux eow, he hate gefeccan him to
+t+are gela+dunge m+assepreostas and hy him
ofersingon and him fore gebiddon and hine smyrigon mid ele on
drihtnes naman and +t+as geleaffullan gebed geh+al+d +tone
untruman and drihten hine ar+ar+d, and gyf he on synnum bi+d,
hy beo+d him forgyfene.
Andetta+d eow betwynan eowre synna and gebydda+d for eow eow
betwynan, +t+at ge beon gehealdene.
<P 21>
<R 90>
+tus cw+a+d Iacob se apostol be +t+are smyrunge seocra manna.
<R 91>
Ac se seoca sceal geandettan mid inweardre geomrunge +tam
sacerde, gyf he +anigne gylt ungebet h+af+d,
+ar he hyne smyrige, swaswa se apostol her beforan t+ahte, and
hine ne mot nan mann smyrigan, butan he +t+as bidde and his
andetnysse do.
<R 92>
Gyf he +ar synful w+are and gymeleas, he do +t+anne
andetnysse and geswycennysse and +almessan +ar his geendunge
and he ne bi+d fordemed to helle.
Ac he becym+d to Godes miltsunge.
<R 93>
Feower sino+des w+aron for +tam so+dan geleafan ongean +ta
gedwolmen, +te dyslice spr+acon be +t+are halgan
+trynnysse and +t+as h+alendes menniscnysse.
<R 94>
Se forma w+as on Nicea, swaswa we gefyrn +ar s+adon.
<P 22>
<R 95>
And se o+der w+as sy+d+dan on Constantinopolim o+der healf
hund bisceopa, halige Godes menn.
<R 96>
Se +trydda w+as on Efesum, +t+at w+aron twa hund bisceopa.
<R 97>
And se feor+da w+as on Calcedonia, +t+at w+as fela hund
bisceopa.
<R 98>
And hy ealle w+aron anr+ade him betweonan to +t+ara
ges+atnyssa, +te mann gesette on Nicea and hy gebetton gehw+at
+te gebrocen w+as of +tam.
<R 99>
+Da feower sino+das synd to healddenne, swaswa +ta feower
Cristes bec, on Cristes gela+dunge.
<R 100>
Manega sino+das w+aron sy+d+dan geh+afde; ac +tas feower
syndon fyrmeste swa+teah, for+tan+te hy adw+ascdon +ta
dwollican lara, +te +ta gedwolan fundan dwollice ongean God,
and hi eac gesetton +ta [{cyrclican{] +tenunga.
<P 23>
<R 101>
Hu durre ge nu forseon heora ealra gesetnyssa, +tonne munecas
healda+d anes mannes gesetnyssa, +t+as halgan Benedictus,
and be his dihte lybba+d, and gyf hy hw+ar
hit tobr+aca+d, hi hit gebeta+d eft be heora
abbuddes dihte mid ealre eadmodnysse?
<R 102>
Ge habba+d eac regol, gyf ge hine r+adan woldan, on +tam ge
magon geseon, hu hit geset is be eow.
<R 103>
Ac ge lufia+d woruldspr+aca and wylla+d beon gerefan and
forl+ata+d eowre cyrcan and +ta gesettnyssa mid
ealle.
<R 104>
We wylla+d swa+teah secgan +ta gesetnyssa eow, +tyl+as+te we
sylfe losigon for+d mid eow.
<P 24>
<R 105>
Cristene men sculon secan cyrican gelome, and man ne mot
spellian ne spr+aca drifan binnan Godes cyrican, for+dan+te
heo is gebedhus Gode gehalgod to +dam gastlicum spr+acum.
<R 106>
Ne man ne sceal drincan o+d+de dollice etan binnan Godes huse,
+te is gehalgod to +dam, +t+at man Godes lichaman mid geleafan
+t+ar +dicge.
<R 107>
Nu do+d men swa+teah dyslice for oft, +t+at hi willa+d wacian
and wodlice drincan binnan Godes huse and
bysmorlice plegian and mid gegafspr+acum Godes hus gefylan.
<R 108>
Ac +tam w+are betere, +t+at hi on heora bedde lagon, +tonne hi
gegremedon God on +tam gastlicum huse.
<R 109>
Se+de wylle wacian and wur+dian Godes halgan, wacian mid
stilnysse and ne wyrce nan gehlyd, ac singe
his gebedu, swa he selost cunne.
<P 25>
<R 110>
And se+de wylle drincan and dw+aslice hlydan, drince him +at
ham, na on drihtnes huse, +t+at he God ne geunwur+dige to wite
him sylfum.
<R 111>
Ge ne scylan f+agnigan for+dfarenra manna, ne +t+at lic
gesecan, buton eow mann la+dige +t+arto.
<R 112>
+t+anne ge +t+arto gela+dode syn, +tonne forbeode ge +ta
h+a+denan sangas +t+ara l+awedra manna and heora hludan
cheahchetunga.
<R 113>
Ne ge sylfe ne eton, ne ne drincon, +t+ar +t+at lic inne li+d,
+tel+as+te ge syndon efenl+ace +t+as h+a+denscypes, +te hy
+t+ar bega+d.
<P 26>
<R 114>
Ne ge ne sceolon beon rancce, mid hringgum geglengede.
Ne eower reaf ne beo to ranclice gemacod, ne eft to waclice,
ac werige gehwa swa his hade gebyrige,
+t+at se preost h+abbe +t+at, +t+at he to gehadod is.
<R 115>
And he ne werige munucscrud ne l+awedra manna, +tema+te se wer
wera+d wimmanna gyrlan.
<R 116>
Crist cw+a+d be his +tenum, +te him +tenia+d geornlice, +t+at
hy sceoldon beon on blysse a mid him, +t+ar+t+ar
he sylf bi+d on +tam so+dan life, +tam is wuldor and
wur+dmynt a to worulde; Amen.
<R 117>
Ic bidde eow +t+at ge gymon eowra sylfra, swa eowere bec eow
wissia+d, and hu ge don sceolon on +tisum
towerdum dagum.
<P 27>
<R 118>
Man ne mot halgian husel on langa friged+ag, for+tan+te Crist
+trowode on +tone d+ag for us.
<R 119>
Ac mann sceal don swa+teah +t+at, +te to +tam d+age gebyra+d:
+t+at man r+ade twa r+adinga mid twam tractum and mid twam
collectum and Cristes +trowunge and sy+d+dan +ta gebedu.
<R 121>
And gebyddon hy to +t+are rode, +t+at hi ealle gegreton +ta
Godes rode mid cosse.
<R 122>
Gange se preost sy+d+dan to +tam Godes weofode mid +t+are
husllafe, +te he halgode on +tunresd+ag and mid ungehalgodum
wine mid w+atere gemenged and behelie mid corporale.
<R 123>
And cw+a+de +tonne be sone: (\Oremus: Preceptis salutaribus
moniti et diuina\) and pater noster o+d ende.
<P 28>
<R 124>
And sy+d+dan cw+a+de digellice: (\Libera nos, quaesumus,
domine, ab omnibus malis\) and hlude: (\Per omnia
s+acula s+aculorum\) .
<R 125>
Do sy+d+dan sumne d+al +t+as husles into +tam calice, swa hit
gewunelic is, swa+teah mid swigean.
<R 126>
Gange he to husle sy+d+dan and elles loc hwa wylle.
<R 127>
We synga+d on +tone +tunresd+ag ure tidsangas tog+adere and
ealle +ta preces digellice and (\miserere mei
deus\) and collectan.
<R 128>
On +tone friged+ag we singa+d ealle +ta tidsangas on sundron
digellice buton +tam uhtsange anum, +te we tog+adere singa+d.
<R 129>
Ealswa on +tone s+aternes d+ag, o+d nonsang bi+d gesungen.
Ne do man n+anne ele to +tam fante, buton mann +t+ar cild on
fullige.
<P 29>
<R 130>
On +tone easter+afen ne sy gesungen +at +t+are m+assan
offerenda ne agnus dei ne communia.
<R 131>
Ac betwux +tam +te hi gan to husle, onginne se cantor
Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia and +done sealm +t+arto:
(\laudate dominum, omnes gentes\) .
<R 132>
Sy+d+dan +tone antemn: (\Vespere autem\) , and Magnificat.
Cwe+de sy+d+dan se sacerd: (\Dominus uobiscum\) .
(\Oremus\) and +tone collectan (\post communionem\) and 
geendige +ta m+assan and +tone efensang swa mid anre collectan,
(\post communionem\) .
<R 133>
Sume preostas healda+d +t+at husl, +te bi+d on easterd+ag
gehalgod, ofer gear to seocum mannum.
<R 134>
Ac hi misdo+d swi+de deope, +t+at +t+at halige husl sceole
fynegian, and nella+d understandan, hu mycele d+adbote seo
penitentialis t+ac+d be +tam, gyf +t+at husel bi+d
fynig o+d+de h+awen, o+d+de gif hit forloren bi+d, o+d+de
gif mys +turh gymeleaste hit eta+d.
<P 30>
<R 135>
Man sceal healdan +t+at halige husl mid mycelre gyminge and
ne [{forhealdan{] hit.
Ac halgian o+der edniwe to seocum mannum, a embe seofon niht
o+d+de ymbe feowertyne, +t+at hit huru fynig ne sy.
<R 137>
For+tan+te ealswa halig bi+d +t+at husl, +te nu tod+ag w+as
gehalgod, swa +t+at on easterd+ag w+as gehalgod.
<R 138>
+t+at husel is Cristes lichama, na lichamlice ac gastlice.
<R 139>
Na se lichama, +te he on +trowode, ac se lichama, +te he embe
spr+ac.
<R 140>
+ta+ta he bletsode hlaf and win to husle anre nihte +ar his
+trowunge and cw+a+d be +tam gebletsodan hlafe: +tes is min
lichama.
<R 141>
And eft be +tam gehalgodan wine: +tis is min blod, +te bi+d
for manegum agoten on synna forgyfennysse.
<P 31>
<R 142>
Understanda+d nu, +t+at se drihten, +te mihte awendan +tone
hlaf +ar his +trowunge to his lichaman and +t+at
win to his blode gastlice, +t+at se ylca d+aghwamlice
bletsa+d +turh sacerda handa hlaf and win to his
gastlican lichaman and blode.
<R 143>
Ac se sacerd sceal don cl+anlice and carfullice Godes +tenunga
mid cl+anum handum and mid cl+anre heortan.
<R 144>
And behealde he, +t+at his ofletan ne beon eald bacenne ne
yfele besewene.
<R 145>
And menge he symble w+ater to +tam wine, for+tan+te +t+at win
getacna+d ure alysednysse +turh Cristes blod
and +t+at w+ater getacna+d +t+at folc, +te he fore +trowode.
<R 146>
Mycele ge+ting+du geearnia+d +ta, +te Gode mid geornfulnysse
and estfulnysse +tenia+d.
<R 147>
And eft is awriten, +t+at se bi+d awyrged, +te de+d Godes
+tenunge mid gymeleaste.
<P 32>
<R 148>
We magon be +tysum tocnawan +t+at se mann, +te his gesyh+de
n+af+d, ne sceal he gedyrstl+acan, +t+at he m+assige, +tonne
he ne gesyh+d hw+at he offra+d Gode, hw+a+der +te cl+ane,
+te ful.
<R 149>
Ne mann ne sceal m+assian mid nanum o+drum f+ate, buton mid
+tam calice, +te +t+arto gebletsod ys.
<R 150>
We beoda+d eow m+assepreostum, +t+at ge beodon eallum +tam
folce, +te eow toloca+d and ge ofer scriftas [^FEHR AND
TORONTO CORPUS GIVE THE TWO PRECEDING WORDS AS ONE: 
oferscriftas^] synt, +t+at mann freolsige +ta feower forman
easterdagas +alces +teowweorces, for+tan+te on +d+are tide 
eall middangeard w+as gefreod fram deofles h+aftnyde.
<R 151>
And healde mann sunnand+ages freols fram s+aternes d+ages none
o+d monand+ages lihtinge.
<P 33>
<R 152>
And +alces m+assed+ages freols, +te on ure cynehlafordes
yldrena dagum and on ure forgengena gesette and bebodene w+aron
to freolse.
<R 153>
And f+aste mann +t+arto swa fela daga swa +t+arto f+astene
ar+arde w+aron and +tenung togesett is.
<R 154>
And f+aste +alc man twelf mona+d +alcne friged+ag.
<R 155>
Buton fram eastron o+d pentecosten, and eft fram middanwintra
o+d seofon niht ofer twelftan d+ag, buton hyt sy ealles folces
freols o+d+de +t+ar ful +tenung to sy.
<R 156>
Elles nage nan man +tyses d+ages f+asten to abr+acenne.
<R 157>
And we bisceopas ger+addon, +ta we +atg+adere w+aron, +t+at
eall +teodscipe f+aste toforan sancta Marian m+assedagum and
to +t+ara haligra apostola m+assedagum.
<P 34>
<R 158>
And +t+at man +alcne wodnesd+age gesinge on +alcum mynstre
+ta m+assan (\contra paganos\) and +alc m+assepreost +at his
cyrcan do +t+at sylfe.
<R 159>
Nu ge habba+d gehyred anr+adlice hw+at eow to donne is and
hw+at eow to forgane is.
<R 160>
Gif ge of +tysum do+d, we nagon geweald and we wylla+d beon
cl+ane on Godes dome.
<R 161>
God geunne eow, +t+at ge hit moton swa aredigan, swa eower
+tearf sy.



<B COADRIAN>
<Q O3/4 IR RELT ADRIAN>
<N ADRIAN AND RITHEUS>
<A X>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  ADRIAN AND RITHEUS.
THE 'PROSE SOLOMON AND SATURN'
AND 'ADRIAN AND RITHEUS'.
MCMASTER OLD ENGLISH STUDIES AND TEXTS, I.
ED. J. E. CROSS AND T. D. HILL.
TORONTO, BUFFALO AND LONDON:
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS, 1982.
PP. 35.1 - 40.13   

THE VERSION GIVEN IN THE TORONTO CORPUS WAS BASED ON
A WORKING VERSION BY CROSS AND HILL. THE TEXT BELOW
IS BASED ON THE FINAL EDITION.^]

[^B5.2^]
<P 35>
<R 1>
Adrianus cw+a+d to Ritheus; Saga me hu lange w+as Adam on
neorxnawange.
Ic +te secge, he w+as +trittine gear.
<R 2>
Saga me on hwilcne d+aig he gesingode.
Ic +te secge, on Fryd+aig and on +tone d+aig he was +ar
gesceapen, and on +tam d+age he eft asweolt and
for +tam Crist eft +trowede on +tam d+age.
<R 3>
Saga me on hw+a+dere Adames sidan nam ure Drihten +t+at ribb
+te he +t+at wif of geworhte.
Ic +te secge, on +d+are winstran.
<R 4>
Saga me hw+ar s+at ure Drihten +ta he geworhte heofonan and
eor+dan and ealle gesceafta.
Ic +te secge, ofer winda fi+derum.
<R 5>
Saga me hw+ar is seo eor+de +te n+afre sunne on ne scean, ne 
mona, ne n+afre wind on ne bleow, nane tid
d+ages ne +ar ne +after.
Ic +te secge, seo eor+de is in +t+are readan s+a ofer +t+are
eode Israela folc of Egipta heaftnode.
<R 6>
Saga me hw+ar scyne seo sunne on niht.
Ic +te secge, on +trim stowum;
+arest on +t+as hwales inno+de +te is cweden Leuiathan and on
o+dre tid heo scyn+d on helle and +ta +dridda tid 
<P 36>
heo scyn+d on +tam ealond +t+at is [{Gli+d{] nemned, and
+tar resta+d haligra manna [{sawla{] o+d domes d+aig.
<R 7>
Saga me for hwam scyne seo sunne swa reade on +arne morgien.
Ic +te secge, for +tam +de heo kym+d up of +t+are s+a.
<R 8>
Saga me for hwam by+d seo sunne swa read on +afen.
Ic +te secge, for +tan +te heo loka+d ufan on helle.
<R 9>
Saga me hu mycel seo sunne sy.
Ic +te secge, heo ys mare +tonne eor+de for +tam heo by+d on 
+alcum lande hat.
<R 10>
Saga me hwilc sy seo sunne.
Ic +te secge, Astriges se dry s+ade +t+at hit w+are byrnende
stan.
<R 11>
Saga me hw+at +t+as liuigendan mannes gleng sy.
Ic +te secge, +tas deadan swat.
<R 12>
Saga me hwilc sunu wr+ace +arest [{his{] f+ader on hys moder
inno+de.
Ic +te secge, +t+are n+addran sunu, for +tam +de seo moder
ofsloh +ar +tane f+ader, and +tonne ofslea+d +ta bearn 
eft +ta moder.
<R 13>
Saga me hwilc bisceop w+are +arest on +tare ealdan +a +ar
Cristes tokyme.
Ic +te secge, Melchisedech and Aaron.
<R 14>
Saga me hwilc bisceop w+are on +t+are niwan +a.
Ic +te secge, Petrus and Jacobus.
<R 15>
Saga me hwilc man witegode +arest.
Ic +te secge, Samuel.
<R 16>
Saga me hwa wrat bocstafas +arest.
Ic +te secge, Mercurius se gigant.
<P 37>
<R 17> 
Saga me hwa sette +arest wineardas of +te hwa dranc +arest
win.
Ic +te secge, Noe.
<R 18>
S+aga me hwa w+are +arest l+ace.
Ic +te secge, Aslerius se w+as cw+aden.
<R 19>
S+aga me hw+at sint +ta twegen men on neorxnawang and +tas 
gelomlice wepa+d and beo+d unrote.
Ic +te secge, Enoc and Helias;
Hi wepa+d for +tam +de hi sceole cuma on +disne middangeard
and beon deade +teah hy +ar +tone dea+d longe
yldon.
<R 20>
Saga me hw+ar wunia+d hy.
Ic +te secge, Malifica and Intimphonis; +t+at is on simfelda
and on sceanfelda.
<R 21>
Saga me for hwam si se hreuen swa sweart +te +ar w+as hwit.
Ic +te secge, for +ty +te he eft ne gehwirfde to Noe in to 
+t+are arke +te he +ar of gesend was.
<R 22>
Saga me for hwam se hrefen +turh gehyrsumnisse ge+tingode
+t+at he +ar +turh ofermodignisse agilte.
Ic +te secge, +ta he fedde Heliam +ta he in eode to +tam
westerne and him +tenode.
<P 38>
<R 23>
Saga me hw+ar by+d mannes mod.
Ic +te secge, on +tam heafde and g+a+d ut +turh +tone mu+d.
<R 24>
Saga me hwilce wihta beo+d o+dre tid wifkinnes and o+tre tid
w+apnedkinnes.
Ic +te secge, Belda se fisc on s+a and Viperus seo n+addre
and Coruus se fugel, +t+at is se hrefen.
<R 25>
Saga me for hwam seo s+a si sealt.
Ic +te secge, for+tam +te Moyses wearp on s+a +ta tin word 
+d+are +aaldan +a, +ta +da he worhte +ta breda for +tam
+te Israela folc wur+dedon deofolgild.
<R 26>
Saga me hw+at sindon +ta twegen fet +ta +teo sawul habban 
sceal.
Ic +te secge, Godes lufu and manna
and gif heo +d+ara na+der nafa+d, +danne by+d heo healt.
<R 27>
Saga me on hu manegum fi+derum sceal seo sawul fleogan gif
heo sceal to heofonum fleogan.
Ic +te secge, feower, gl+awnisse, ge+tw+arnisse, streng+te,
and rihwisnisse.
<R 28>
Saga me hwilc man w+are dead and 
n+are acenned and +after +tam dea+de w+are eft bebyried in
his moder inno+de.
Ic +te secge, +t+at w+as Adam se +aresta man, for +tam eor+de
w+as his moder and he w+as bibiriged eft in +t+are
eor+dan.
<R 29>
Saga me +t+are burge naman +t+ar sunne upg+a+d.
Ic +te secge, Jaiaca heo hatte.
<R 30>
Saga me hw+at hatte +t+at +t+ar heo on s+atl g+a+d.
Ic +te secge, Jainta hit hatte.
<R 31>
Saga me hwilc word w+as +arest.
Ic +te secge, Drihten cw+a+d, Gewur+de leoht.
<P 39>
<R 32>
Saga me hw+at is hefegost mannum on eor+dan.
Ic +te secge, hlafordes yrre.
<R 33>
Saga me hu fela si fleogendra fugela kynna.
Ic +te secge, twa and fiftig.
<R 34>
Saga me hw+at n+adderkinna si on eor+dan.
Ic +te secge, feower and +trittig.
<R 35>
Saga me hw+at fisckinna si on w+atere.
Ic +te secge, six and +trittig.
<R 36>
Saga me hwa gesceope ealra fisca nama.
Ic +te secge, Adam se +aresta mann.
<R 37>
Saga me hu fela w+as +t+are kempena +te Cristes hregel
d+aldon.
Ic +te secge, seofon heora w+aron.
<R 38>
Saga me feower stafas dumbe.
Ic +te secge, an is mod, o+der ge+tanc, +tridde is stef,
feor+de is +agesa.
<R 39>
Saga me hw+at sint +ta +treo +dinc +de nan mann butan ne 
m+aig beon.
Ic +te secge, +t+at is w+ater and fyr and isen.
<R 40>
Saga me hwa Godes naman nemnede +arest.
Ic +te secge, deofol.
<R 41>
Saga me hu w+as Crist acenned of Maria his meder.
Ic +te secge, +durc +t+at swi+dre breost.
<R 42>
Saga me hwa dyde +t+at sunne stod ane tid d+aiges.
Ic +te secge, Josue hit gedyde in Moyses gefeohte;
+teo dun hatte Gabaon +te heo on stod.
<R 43>
Saga me hw+at by+d betst and wyrst.
Ic +te secge, mannes word.
<P 40>
<R 44>
Saga me hw+at +tam men si leofust on his life and la+dest
+after his dea+de.
Ic +te secge, his willa.
<R 45>
Saga me hw+at de+d +t+at swete wurd.
Ic +te secge, hit gemanifealda+d mannes freondscype and
stille+d mannes feond.
<R 46>
Saga me hwylc by+d se leasa freond.
Ic +te secge, he by+d mannes gefera to beode and nang to
neod+t+arfe.
<R 47>
Saga me hw+at onscuna+d se seoca man +te +ar him gesund
lufode.
Ic +te secge, +tam seoca men by+d mete la+d +te him +ar was
leof and his eagum by+d leoht la+d +te him +aror 
w+as leof.
<R 48>
Saga me on hwam m+aig man geseon mannes dea+d.
Ic +te secge, twege manlican beo+d on mannes eagum;
Gif +tu +ta ne gesihst +tonne swilt se man and bi+d gewiten 
+ar +trim dagum.



<B COSOLOMO>
<Q OX/4 IR RELT SOLOM>
<N SOLOMON AND SATURN>
<A X>
<C OX/4>
<O X>
<M 1050-1150>
<K X>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  SOLOMON AND SATURN.
THE 'PROSE SOLOMON AND SATURN'
AND 'ADRIAN AND RITHEUS'.
MCMASTER OLD ENGLISH STUDIES AND TEXTS, I.
ED. J. E. CROSS AND T. D. HILL.
TORONTO, BUFFALO AND LONDON:
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS, 1982.
PP. 25.1 - 34.22   

THE VERSION GIVEN IN THE TORONTO CORPUS WAS BASED ON A 
WORKING VERSION BY CROSS AND HILL. THE TEXT BELOW IS
BASED ON THE FINAL EDITION.^]

[^B5.1^]
<P 25>
<R 1.1>
   Her ki+d hu Saturnus and Saloman fettode ymbe heora wisdom.
+ta cw+at Saturnus to Salomane, [{Sage{] me hwer God sete
+ta he geworhte heofonas and eor+dan?
<R 1.3>
Ic +te secge, he s+att [{ofer{] [{winda{] fe+derum.
<R 2.1>
Sage me hwilc word +arust for+deode of Godes mu+de?
Ic +te secge, (\Fiat Lux et [{est{] facta Lux\) .
<R 3.1>
Saga me for hwilcum +dingum heofon sy gehaten heofon?
Ic +de secge for+ton he behela+d eall +t+at hym be ufan by+d.
<R 4.1>
Saga me hw+at ys God?
Ic +te secge +t+at ys God +te ealle +ding on hys gewealdum
hafa+d.
<R 5.1>
Saga me on hu [{fala{] dagum God geworhte ealle gesceafta?
Ic +te secge on vi d+agum God gesceop ealle gesceafta.
<R 5.2>
On +tam +arostan d+age he gesceop leoht.
<R 5.3>
On +tam +afteran d+age he gesceop +ta gesceapu, +de +tisne
heofon healda+d.
<R 5.4>
On +tam +triddan d+age he 
<P 26>
gesceop s+a and eor+dan.
On +tam feor+dan d+age he gesceop heofon+as tunglon.
<R 5.5>
And on +dam v d+age he gesceop fixas and fugelas.
<R 5.6>
And on +dam vi d+age he gesceop deor and nytenu and Adam
+done +arostan man.
<R 6.1>
Saga me hwanon w+as Adames nama gesceapen?
Ic +te secge fram iiii steorrum.
<R 7.1>
Saga me hw+at hatton +tage?
Ic +te secge Arthox, Dux, Arotholem, Minsymbrie.
<R 8.1>
Saga me +t+at andworc +te Adam w+as of geworht, se +arustan 
man?
Ic +de secge of viii punda gewihte.
<R 9.1>
Saga me hw+at hatton +tage?
Ic +de secge +t+at +aroste w+as foldan pund of +dam him w+as
flesc geworht.
<R 9.2>
O+der w+as fyres pund +tanon hym w+as +t+at blod read and 
hat.
<R 9.3>
+dridde w+as windes pund +tanon hym w+as seo +a+dung geseald.
<R 9.4>
Feor+de w+as wolcnes pund +tanon hym w+as his modes
unsta+delf+astnes geseald.
<R 9.5>
Fifte w+as gyfe pund +tanon hym w+as geseald sefa and ge+dang.
Syxste w+as blosmena pund +tanon hym w+as eagena myssenlicnys 
geseald.
<R 9.6>
seofo+do w+as deawes pund +danon him becom swat.
<R 9.7>
Eahto+de w+as sealtes pund +tanon him w+aron +ta tearas
sealte.
<R 10.1>
Saga me on hwilcere ylde w+as Adam +da he geseapen w+as?
Ic +te secge he w+as on xxx wintra yldo.
<P 27>
<R 11.1>
Saga me hu lang w+as Adam on l+ange geseapen?
Ic +de secge he w+as vi and cx ynca lang.
<R 12.1>
Saga me hu fela wintra leofode Adam on +tissere worulde?
Ic +te secge he leofode ix hund wintra and xxx wintra
on geswince and on yrm+de, and sy+d+dan to
helle ferde and +tar grimme witu +dolode v +tusend wintra
and twa hund wintra and viii and xx wintra.
<R 13.1>
Saga me hu fela wintra h+afede Adam +ar he bearn strinde?
Ic +te secge an hund wintra and xxx wintra +ar he bearn
strinde.
<R 13.2>
And +ta gestrinde he bearn on hys cnihthade se hatte Seth,
and he +ta leofode ealles nygon hundred
wintra and xxx wintra on +tissere worulde.
<R 13.4>
+da lyfde Seth hys sunu an hund wintra and v wintra +ar
he bearn gestrinde and +ta gestrinde he b+aarn 
on hys cnihthade se h+atte Enos, and +da lyfde he hym
[{sylf{] ealles nygon hund wintra and xii
wintra.
<R 13.7>
+da h+afede Enos an hund wintra, +ta gestrinde he Chanan and
+ta lyfde he Enos ealles nygon hund wintra
and v wintra.
<R 13.9>
And +da h+afede Chanan lxx wintra, +ta gestrinde he 
Malaleh, and Canan lyfde +ta ealles nygon hund wintra
and x wintra.
<R 13.10>
+da h+afede Malaleh v and lx wintra, +da gestrinde he
Jared, and Malaleh he lyfde ealles nygon hund 
wintra and v wintra.
<R 13.12>
+da h+afede Jared ii and lx wintra and an hund
wintra, +ta gestrinde he Enoh, and Jared hys f+ader
lyfde ealles eahta hund wintra and ii and lx wintra.
<R 13.14>
+da h+afede Enoh v and lx wintra, +ta gestrinde he 
Matusalem.
<R 13.15>
And Enoh lyfde ealles ccc wintra and v and lx
wintra.
<R 13.16>
+da genam hine God myd sawle and mid lychaman up in +tone 
heofon.
<R 13.17>
+da h+afede Mathusalem vii and lxxx wintra and an hund
wintra, +ta gestrinde he Lamec, and Matusalem 
hys feder lyfde ealles nygon hun+d wintra and ix and
lx wintra.
<R 13.19>
+da h+afede Lamec and hund wintra and lxxxii wintra, +ta
gestrinde he Noe, and Lamec lyfde ealles vii
<P 28>
hund wintra and lxxvii wintra.
<R 13.21>
+da h+afede Noe d wintra +da gestrinde he bearn, Sem,
Cham, Jafet, and Noe lyfde ealles in +dissere
worulde dcccc wintra and l wintra.
<R 14.1>
Saga me hu f+ala +teoda awocon of hys iii bearnum?
Ic +te secge, lxxii +teoda sindon.
<R 14.2>
And of Seme hys yldestan suna awocon xxx, and of Cham
xxx, and of Jafe+de xii.
<R 15.1>
Saga me hw+at w+as se +de acenned n+as and +aft bebyrged was 
on hys moder inno+de and +after +tam dea+de gefullod
w+as?
<R 15.2>
Ic +te secge, +t+at was Adam.
<R 16.1>
Saga me hu lange lyfde Adam on neorxenawange?
Ic +te s+acge ... [^AN ERASURE IN MS^] and on +tam
... [^AN ERASURE IN MS^] he abyrgde +ta farbodenan fictrew+as
bl+ada, and +t+at on Frigd+ag, and +turh
+t+at he was on helle v
+dusend wintra and ii c wintra and viii and 
xx wintra.
<R 17.1>
Saga me of Sancta Maria ylde.
Ic +te secge heo w+as iii and syxtig geara eald +ta heo
belyfon w+as, and heo w+as xiiii wintra +ta
heo Crist cende, and heo w+as myd him xxxiii geara on 
myddaneardde, and heo was xvi ger +after
hym on worulde.
<R 17.4>
And fram Adame and of [{frim+de{] myddaneardes was on getal
gerimes [{o+d{] +done micclan Noes flod ii +dusend  
wintra and ii c wintra and ii and lx wintra.
<R 17.6>
And fram +dam flode +ta w+as [{o+d{] Abrahames gebyrtide 
ixc wintra and ii and xl wintra.
<R 17.7>
And fram Abrahame was +ta for+d o+d Moises tid and Israela
oferfar ut of Egyptum v c wintra and viii wintra.
<R 17.9>
And fram frim+de myddaneardes on Cristes +drowunge w+aron
vi +dusend wintra and c wintra and viii
and l wintra.
<P 29>
<R 18.1>
Saga me hu lange worhte men Noes earce?
Ic +te secge lxxx wintra of +dam treowcinne
+te ys genemned Sem.
<R 19.1>
Saga me hw+at hatte Noes wyf?
Ic +te secge heo h+atte Dalila.
<R 20.1>
And hw+at hatte Chames wif?
Jaitarecta heo hatte.
<R 21.1>
And hw+at hatte Jafe+des wyf?
Ic +te secge Catafluuia heo hatte.
And o+drum naman hyg sindon genemnede, Olla and Ollina and 
Ollibania, swa hyg +dreo hatton.
<R 22.1>
Saga me hu lang was Noes flod ofer eor+dan?
Ic +te secge xl daga and nihta.
<R 23.1>
Saga me hu lang was Noes earc on lenge?
Ic +te secge heo was ccc f+a+dema lang and l f+a+dema
wid and xxx f+a+dema heah.
<R 24.1>
Saga me hw+at sunu h+afede Adam?
Ic +te secge xxx sunena and xxx dohtra.
<R 25.1>
Saga me hwilc man atimbrode +arust c+aastr+a?
Ic +de secge Enos hatte and was Niniuem seo burh, and w+aron
+tarin gemanna hund tweltig +dusenda and
xx +tusenda.
<R 25.3>
And Hierusalem seo burh heo w+as +arost ofer +tam Noes
flode getymbrod.
<R 26.1>
And hw+at h+atte seo burh +t+ar sunne up on morgen g+a+d?
Ic +te secge Iaiaca hatte seo buruh.
<R 27.1>
Saga me hwar g+a+d seo sunne on +afen to s+atle?
Ic +te secge Garita hatte seo burh.
<R 28.1>
Saga me hwilc wyrt ys betst and selust?
Ic +te secge lilige hatte seo wyrt for +ton [^TORONTO 
CORPUS: for+ton^] +te heo getacna+d Crist.
<P 30>
<R 29.1>
Saga me hwilc fugel ys selust?
Ic +de secge culfre ys selust.
Heo getacna+d +tone halegan gast.
<R 30.1>
Saga me hwanon cym+d ligetu?
Ic secge heo kim+d fram winde and fram watere.
<R 31.1>
Saga me hwilc water ys selust?
Ic +te secge Jordanem seo ea ys selust for+ton +de Crist was
on hyre gefullod.
<R 32.1>
Saga me hwader gewiton +ta engelas +te Gode Wy+dsocon on 
heofona rice?
<R 32.2>
Ic +te secge hyg tod+aldon on +tri d+alas, anne d+al he asette
on +t+as lyftes gedrif, o+derne d+al on +t+as
wateres gedryf, +triddan d+al on helle neowelnysse.
<R 33.1>
Saga me hu fela ys woruldwatra.
Ic +te secge twa syndon sealte s+a and twa fersce.
<R 34.1>
Saga me hwilc man erost w+are wy+d hund sprecende?
Ic +te secge Sanctus Petrus.
<R 35.1>
Saga me hwilc man a+dohte +arust myd sul to +ariende?
Ic +te secge +t+at w+as Cham Noes sunu.
<R 36.1>
Saga me for hwam stanas ne synt berende?
Ic +te secge for +don +te Abeles blod gefeoll ofer stan, +ta
hyne Cham hys bro+der ofsloh myd annes [{esoles{] cyngbane.
<R 37.1>
Saga me hw+at ys betst and wyrst betwinan mannon?
Ic +te secge word ys betst and wyrst betwix mannon.
<P 31>
<R 38.1>
Saga me hw+at ys cu+dost mannon on eor+dan to witanne?
Ic +te secge +t+at nys n+anygum men nanwyht swa cu+d swa he
sceal dea+d +trowian.
<R 39.1>
Saga me hw+at syndon +ta iii +ding +te nan man buton
lufian [^THE MS SPELLING lufian STANDS FOR lyfian^] ne m+ag?
<R 39.2>
Ic +te secge on ys fyr, o+der ys w+ater, +dridde ys ysen.
<R 40.1>
Saga me hwilc treow ys ealra treowa betst?
Ic +te secge +tat ys wintreow.
<R 41.1>
Saga me hwar reste+d +tas mannes sawul +tone se lychaman
slep+d?
Ic +te secge on +trim stowum heo by+d, on +tam bragene,
o+d+de on +tere heortan, o+d+de on +tam blode.
<R 42.1>
Saga me forhwan w+as seo s+a sealt geworden?
Ic +te secge of +dam x wordon +de Moises gesomnode in
+t+are ealdan +a, Godes bebode.
<R 42.2>
And he awearp +ta x word in +da s+a and hys tearas aget
in +da s+a, for+ton wear+d seo sealt.
<R 43.1>
Saga me hw+at w+aron +ta wor+d?
Ic +te secge +t+at forme word w+as (\Non habeas [^EDITION:
habeos^] Deos alienos\) , +t+at ys, Ne lufa +tu o+derne 
God ofer me.
<R 43.2>
+t+at o+der wor+d w+as (\Non adsumes nomen Domini in uanum\) ,
Ne cig +tu Godes naman on ydel.
<R 43.4>
+t+at +dridde [{word{] [{w+as{] Healda+d +tone haligan
restend+ag.
+d+at [{feor+de{] [{word{] w+as Ara +tinon f+ader and +tinre 
meder.
<R 43.5>
[{+t+at{] [{v{] word w+as 
<P 32>
(\Non occides\) , Ne sleh +tu man [{unscildine{] .
<R 43.6>
+t+at vi word w+as (\Non mechaberis\) , on unriht ne h+am+d
+tu.
<R 43.7>
+t+at vii word w+as Ne stala +tu.
+t+at viii word w+as Ne s+age lease gewitnysse.
<R 43.8>
+t+at ix word w+as (\Non concupiscens rem et omnia proximi
tui\) , Ne gewilna +du o+dres mannes +ahta myd
unrihte.
<R 43.9>
+t+at x word w+as (\Non concupiscens uxorem proximi
tui\) , Ne gewilna +du o+dres mannes wyfes on unriht.
<R 44.1>
Saga me hw+ar ys Moyses byrgen +d+as kininges?
Ic +te secge heo ys be +tam huse +te Fegor hatte, and nan man 
nys +te hyg wite +ar +tam miclan dome.
<R 45.1>
Saga me for hwilcum +tingum +teos eor+de awyrge+d w+are
o+d+de +aft gebletsod?
<R 45.2>
Ic +te secge +turh Adam heo w+as awirged and +turh Abeles
blod and +aft heo w+as gebletsod +turh Noe and 
[{Abraham{] and +turh fulluhte.
<P 33>
<R 46.1>
Saga me [{hwa{] wingeard erost plantode?
Ic +te secge +t+at [{w+as{] [{Noe{] [{se{] heahf+ader.
<R 47.1>
Saga me hwa nemde [{+arost{] Godes naman?
Ic +te secge se deoful nemde +arost Godes naman.
<R 48.1>
Saga me hw+at ys hefogost to berende on eor+dan?
Ic +te secge mannes synna and hys hlafordes yrre.
<R 49.1>
Saga me hw+at ys +t+at o+drum licyge and o+drum myslycige?
Ic +te secge +t+at is dom.
<R 50.1>
Saga me hw+at syndon +ta iiii +ding +de n+afre fulle
n+aron, ne n+afre ne beo+d?
<R 50.2>
Ic +te secge an ys eor+de, o+der ys fir, +dridde ys hell,
feor+de ys se gytsyenda man worulde welena.
<R 51.1>
Saga me hu fela ys fleogendra fugelcynn?
Ic +te secge iiii l.
<R 52.1>
Saga me hu fela ys fisccynna on w+atere?
Ic +de secge vi and xx.
<R 53.1>
Saga me hwilc man +arost mynster getimbrode?
Ic +te secge Elias and Eliseus +ta witega and +after fulluhte
Paulus and Antonius +ta +arostan ancran.
<R 54.1>
Saga me hw+at syndon +ta streamas and +ta [{ean{] +de on
neorxenawange flowa+d?
<P 34>
<R 54.2>
[{Ic{] [{+de{] [{secge{] heora syndon iiii.
Seo +aroste hatte Fison, seo o+der hatte Geon, and seo
iii hatte Tygres, seo feor+de Eufraten, +t+at
ys meolc and hunig and +ale and win.
<R 55.1>
Saga me forhwan by+d seo sunne read on +afen?
Ic +te secge for+don heo loca+d on helle.
<R 56.1>
Saga me hwi scyne+d heo swa reade on morgene?
Ic +te secge for+don hire twyna+d hw+a+der heo m+ag +te ne
m+ag +tisne myddaneard eondscynan swa hyre beboden ys.
<R 57.1>
Saga me +tas iiii w+atera +te +tas eor+dan feda+d?
Ic +te secge +t+at ys snaw and w+ater and hagol and deaw.
<R 58.1>
Saga me hwa +arost bocstafas sette?
Ic +te secge Mercurius se gygand.
<R 59.1>
Saga me hw+at bockinna and hu fela syndon?
Ic +te secge Kanones bec syndon ealra twa and hundseofontig,
eall swa fela +deoda syndon on gerime,
and eall swa fela leornyngcnihta buton +tam xii apostolum.
<R 59.3>
Mannes bana syndon on gerime ealra cc and xviii.
<R 59.4>
Mannes addre +ta [{beo+d{] [{ealra{] ccc and v and
lx.
<R 59.5>
Mannes to+da beo+d on eallum hys lyfe ii and xxx.
On xii [{mon+dum{] beo+d ii and l wucena and 
ccc dagena and v and lx daga.
<R 59.6>
On xii [{mon+dum{] beo+d ehta +tusend tyda and vii
hund tyda.
<R 59.7>
On xii [{mon+dum{] +tu sealt syllan +tinon +deowan men 
vii hund hlafa and xx hlafa buton morgemetten 
and nonmettum.



<B COLEOFRI>
<Q O4 IR RELT LEOFRIC>
<N VISION LEOFRIC>
<A X>
<C O4>
<O 1050-1150>
<M 1050-1150>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^AN OLD ENGLISH VISION OF LEOFRIC,
EARL OF MERCIA.
ED. A. S. NAPIER.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE PHILOLOGICAL
SOCIETY, 1907-1910.
LONDON, 1908.
PP. 182.1 - 186.19^]

[^B4.2^]
<P 182>
<R 1>
   Her gesutela+d +da gesih+de +de leofric eorl ges+ah.
<R 2>
Him +tuhte to so+dan on healfslapendon lichaman, na eallinga
swylce on swefne, ac gyt gewisslicor, 
+t+at he sceolde nede ofer ane swi+de smale bricge, & seo
w+as swi+te lang, & +t+ar arn swi+de feorr beneo+dan 
egeslic w+ater, swylce hit ea w+are.
<R 6>
+da +ta he mid +tam gedr+aht w+as, +ta cw+a+d him stefn to,
Ne forhta +tu.
<R 7>
Ea+de +tu +ta bricge oferferest.
<R 8>
Mid +tam +ta wear+d he sona ofere, nyste he hu.
+da +ta he ofere w+as, +ta com him lateow ongean & hyne
l+adde to anum swy+de wlitigan felde & swy+te f+ageran, 
mid swetan stence afylled.
<R 11>
+ta geseah he swy+te mycele weorud swylce on gangdagan, & +ta
w+aron ealle mid snawhwitum reafe gescrydde, 
& +t+at on +ta wisan +te se diacon bi+d +tonne he
godspell ret.
<R 13>
& w+as an +t+ara on middan standende on m+assepreostes reafe,
swy+te heah & swy+de mycel ofer eal +t+at o+ter folc.
<R 15>
+da cw+a+d se latteow, Wast +tu hw+at +tis seo?
<R 16>
Nese, cw+a+d he.
Hit is Sanctus Paulus, h+afe+d nu gem+assod, & bletsa+d nu
+tis folc.
<R 17>
+da l+adde he hine fur+dor +t+at hi coman +t+ar +t+ar s+aton
six arwur+dlice menn, swi+de wur+dlice gefr+atewod.
<R 19>
+da cw+a+d heora an, Hw+at [{sceall{] +t+as fula mann on ure
f+arr+addene?
<R 20>
+ta andswarode him o+ter & cw+a+d, He mot beon mid us, he is
niwan gefullod +turh d+adbote, & he cym+d to 
us on +t+are +triddan gebyrtide.
<R 23>
   +da w+as eac his gewuna +t+at he wolde swy+te lytel drincan,
+teah he mid gebeorum bli+de w+are; & +t+anne he 
wiste +t+at menn f+aste sl+apen, he wolde on dihlum stowum
hine georne gebiddan.
<R 25>
+da w+as he +at Cristes cyrican mid +tam cyninge; +ta spr+ac
he on +afen wi+d +tone cyrcward & hine georne
b+ad +t+at he hine inn lete +t+anne he +ta dura cnylde; ac
he +t+at forgymde for [{his{] [{druncennysse{] .
<R 29>
+da +ta he to +t+are dura com & +t+ar langsumlice swy+de
cnucede & georne cunnode, hw+a+der he hi on +anige
wisan undon mihte, ne mihte na.
<R 31>
+da he +t+ane [{cyrcward{] gehyrde ofer eall hrutan, +ta ne
w+ande he him nanes incymes, ac feng +ta on his
gebedo, swa his gewuna w+as, for +t+ar w+as an forehus +at
+t+are cyrcan duru.
<R 34>
+da on +tam gebede wear+d seo duru f+arincga geopenad, & he
+ta sona in eode, & hine to his Drihtene geb+ad 
up ahafenum earmum.
<R 36>
+da war+d his leohtbora afyrht swy+de, & gefeall him in anan
<P 184>
heale &, mid +t+are forhtn+asse +t+at hine ofereode, sl+ap.
<R 37>
+da geseah he full gewisslice +t+at he stod on middan +t+are
flore a+tenedum earmum mid [{m+assereafe{] gescrydd, 
& h+afde grene m+assehacelan on him beorhte scinende,
& he +t+as swy+de wundrode.
<R 41>
   Eft hit getimode +at o+drum s+ale +t+at he w+as mid +tam 
kynge +at +t+are ylcan stowe.
<R 42>
+da dyde he swa his gewuna w+as, eode to cyrcean mid his
+treom cnapan, +ta +ta o+dr+e men slepon; & he hine 
+ta geb+ad, ealswa his gewuna w+as.
<R 44>
+t+at w+as swa neh Sancte Dunstanes byrgenn+e swa he nest
mihte.
<R 45>
+da wur+den +ta twegen cnapan sona on sl+ape, & se +tridda
wacode [{swi+dor{] for ege +tonne for his gebedum.
<R 47>
+da gehyrde he f+aringa swy+de ungerydelic gelyd +tam
[{gelicost{] swylce +t+ara muneca setl f+arlice feollon 
ealle togedere, & w+as +afre swa [{leng{] swa hluddre &
menigfealdre & ungeryddre.
<R 50>
+da +after langum fyrste geswac +t+at gehlyd.
+t+ar w+as innan +t+are cyrcean byrnende blacern.
<R 51>
+ta scean +t+ar f+aringa leoht inn +at +tam eastende, swylce
niwe mona arise, swa +t+at hit lihte under +t+are 
rode swy+dran earm+e, +te stod ofer +t+at weofed.
<R 54>
+ta w+as hit swa leng swa leohtre, swa lange hit leohtode,
+t+at +t+as blacernes leoht n+as nan +ting gesyne, 
& +t+at swa +t+at hit lihte geond ealle +ta widgyllan
cyrcan.
<R 56>
Swa lange hit w+as +ta on +dam, +t+at he hit ne dorste na
lengc behaldan, & hit asanode +ta on +ta ylcan 
wysan +te hit +ar w+axende w+as, swa +d+at he geseh eft +t+at
blacern leoht, & +t+at o+der geswac.
<R 59>
& se ofdr+adda cnapa +t+at eal mid him geseah & hyrde,
swylce hit to gewitness+e w+are; & +ta o+dre slepon 
& +t+as nan +ting nyston.
<R 62>
   Neh +ton ylcan s+ale se cing leg +at Sandwic mid scipum.
+da w+as his gewuna +t+at he wolde +alce d+age habban twa
m+assan, butan hit ma w+are, & ealle his tida tog+adere, 
+ar he ut eode.
<R 65>
+ta eode he ymbe sume neode, +ta m+assede man +tam cynge +at
Sancte Clementes cyrcean.
<R 66>
+da cw+a+d he to his geferan +t+at hit betere w+are +t+at hig
+ta m+assan h+afdon.
<R 67>
& he +ta inn eode, & him man sona hrymde; & he +ta sona eode
binnan [{+tone{] weohstal on nor+dhealfe, &
se cyng stod on su+dhealfe.
<R 69>
+da w+as +t+ar an +trilig wahr+agl & swy+de +ticce gewefen
+t+at hangode b+aftan +tam weofode.
<R 71>
& stod +t+ar an medmycel rod on +d+are eor+dan on +dam
nor+deasthyrnan; & w+as swa mycel +t+as treowes gesyne 
swa wolde beon god 
<P 186>
hande brad beneo+tan +tam wahrifte; & se
o+der d+al w+as betwyx +tam wahrifte & +tam wahe.
<R 74>
& se preost m+assode be cruce.
+da geseah he ofer +ta rode ane hand swylce heo bletsode;
+ta wende he +arost +t+at sum man hine bletsode, 
for +tam seo cyrce w+as eall folces afylled; +ta n+as
+t+at na swa.
<R 77>
+da beheold he hit +ta gyt geornor, +ta geseah he ealle +ta
rode swa swutole, swylce +t+ar nan +ting beforan 
n+are, & w+as seo bletsiende hand styriende & wendende
upward.
<R 80>
+ta forhtode he & tweonode him hwe+der hit swa w+are, swa him
+tuhte.
<R 81>
+da mid +t+as modes tweonunge +ta +ateowde heo him swa
swutole swa he his [{agene{] geseon mihte; & w+aron
f+agere fingras smale & lange, & +t+ara n+agla toscead & se
greata lira beneo+dan +tam +tuman eall w+as gesyne 
& fram +tam littlan fingre toweard +t+as earmes, &
sumne d+al of +t+are slyfe.
<R 85>
+da ne dorste he hit na leng behealdan, ac heng +t+at heafod
adun, & hit +ta geswac +t+ara bletsunga.
<R 87>
+t+at w+as neh +tam +te [{+t+at{] godspel w+as ger+add.
<R 89>
   Feowertyne nihton +ar his for+dsi+de he fores+ade [{+tone{]
d+ag +te he sceolde cuman to Cofantreo to his langan 
hame, +t+ar he on restet; & hit aeode eall swa he
s+ade.
<R 91>
(\Requiescat in pace\) .



<B COPREFSO>
<Q O2/4 XX PREF PRSOL>
<N PREF SOLIL>
<A ALFRED>
<C O2/4>
<O 850-950>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  ALFRED'S PREFACE TO SOLILOQUIES.
KOENIG ALFREDS DES GROSSEN
BEARBEITUNG DER SOLILOQUIEN DES AUGUSTINUS.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, XI.
ED. W. ENDTER.
DARMSTADT: WISSENSCHAFTLICHE
BUCHGESELLSCHAFT, 1964 (1922).
WITH CORRECTIONS BY T. A. CARNICELLI,
KING ALFRED'S VERSION OF ST. AUGUSTINE'S
'SOLILOQUIES' (CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS:
HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1969), AND BY MS.
PP. 1.1 - 2.18^]

[^B9.4.1^]
<P 1>
<R 1.1>
Gaderode me +tonne kigclas, and stu+tansceaftas, and
lohsceaftas and hylfa to +alcum +tara tola +te ic mid 
wircan cu+de, and bohtimbru and bolttimbru, and, to +alcum
+tara weorca +te ic wyrcan cu+de, +ta wlitegostan 
treowo be +tam dele +de ic aberan meihte.
<R 1.5>
ne com ic na+ter mid anre byr+dene ham +te me ne lyste ealne
+tane wude ham brengan, gif ic hyne ealne aberan meihte.
<R 1.7>
on +alcum treowo ic geseah hw+athwugu +t+as +te ic +at ham
be+torfte.
<R 1.8>
For+tam ic l+are +alcne +dara +te maga si and manigne w+an
h+abbe, +t+at he menige to +tam ilcan wuda +tar ic 
+das stu+dansceaftas cearf, fetige hym +tar ma, and gefe+drige
hys w+anas mid fegrum gerdum, +tat he mage
windan manigne smicerne wah, and manig +anlic hus settan, and
fegerne tun timbrian, and +t+ar murge and 
softe mid m+age on eardian +ag+der ge wintras ge sumeras,
swa swa ic nu ne gyt ne dyde.
<R 1.15>
Ac se +te me l+arde, +tam se wudu licode, se m+ag gedon +t+at
ic softor eardian [{m+age{] +ag+der ge on +tisum 
l+anan stoclife be +tis w+age +da while +te ic on +tisse
weorulde beo, ge eac on +tam hecan hame +de he us 
gehaten hef+d +turh scanctus Augustinus and sanctus Gregorius
and scanctus Ieronimus, and +turh manege
o+d+dre halie f+adras.
<R 1.20>
swa ic gelyfe eac +t+at he gedo for heora ealra earnunge,
+ag+der ge +tisne weig gelimpfulran gedo, +tonne 
he +ar +tissum wes, ge hure mines modes eagan to +tam
ongelihte, +t+at ic mage rihtne weig aredian to 
+tam ecan hame and to +tam ecan are, and to +tare ecan reste
+te us gehaten is +turh +ta halgan f+aderas. sie swa.
<P 2>
<R 2.1>
Nis hit nan wundor +teah [{man swilc{] ontimber gewirce,
and eac on [{+tare{] lade and eac on +t+are bytlinge; 
ac +alcne man lyst, si+d+dan he +anig cotlyf on his
hlafordes l+ane myd his fultume getimbred h+af+d, +t+at 
he hine mote hwilum +tar on gerestan, and huntigan, and
fuglian, and fiscian, and his on gehwilce
wisan to +tere l+anan [{+ahte{] tilian, +ag+t+ar ge on se 
ge on lande, o+d +tone fyrst +te he bocland and +ace yrfe 
+turh his hlafordes miltse geearnige.
<R 2.8>
swa gedo se [{weliga{] gidfola, se +de eg+der wilt ge +tissa
l+anena stoclife ge +tara ecena hama.
<R 2.9>
Se +de +ag+ter gescop and +ag+deres wilt, forgife me +t+at me
to +ag+drum onhagige: ge her nytwyrde to beonne, 
ge huru +tider to cumane.
<R 2.13>
Agustinus, Cartaina bisceop, worhte twa bec be his agnum
inge+tance; +ta bec sint gehatene Soliloquiorum, 
+tat is, be hys modis smeaunge and tweounga, hu hys
gesceadwisnes answarode hys mode +tonne +t+at 
mod ymbe hw+at tweonode, o+d+te hit hw+as wilnode to witanne,
+t+as +te hit +ar for sweotole ongytan ne meahte.



<B COCHROE4>
<Q O3/4 NN HIST CHRONE>
<N CHRON E EARLY>
<A X>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  CHRONICLE MS E (O3/4).
TWO OF THE SAXON CHRONICLES PARALLEL,
VOL. I.
ED. C. PLUMMER.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1965 (1892).
PP. 119.1 - 177.5   (SAMPLE 1)

TEXT:  CHRONICLE MS E (O4).
Idem.
PP. 205.1  - 225.7  (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 239.28 - 250.11 (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B17.9^]
<P 119>
<R 966.1>
Her +tored Gunneres sunu forhergode Westmoringaland. & +ti
ilcan geare Oslac feng to ealdordome.
<R 969.1>
Her on +tissum geare Eadgar cyng het oferhergian eall
Tenetland.
<R 970.1>
Her for+dferde Eadmund +a+teling.
<R 972.1>
Her w+as Eadgar e+teling gehalgod to cyninge on Pentecoste
m+assed+ai on (\v idus Mai\) . +te xiii geare 
+te he to rice feng. +at Hataba+dum. & he w+as +ta ana wana
xxx wintra.
<R 972.4>
& sona +after +tam se cyng geleadde ealle his sciphere to
L+ageceastre. & +t+ar him comon ongean vi cyningas. 
and ealle wi+d trywsodon +t+at hi woldon efen
[{wyrhton{] beon on s+a & on lande.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 121>
<R 975.19>
And her Eadward Eadgares sunu feng to rice.
& +ta sona on +tam ilcan geare on herfeste +ateowde cometa se
steorra. & com +ta on +tam eaftran geare swi+de 
mycel hungor. & swy+de m+anigfealde styrunga geond
Angelcyn.
<R 975.22>
& +Alfere ealdorman het towurpon swy+de manig munuc lif +te
Eadgar cyng 
<P 122>
het +ar +tone halgan biscop A+delwold gesta+delian.
<R 975.24>
& on +tam timan w+as eac Oslac se m+ara eorl geutod of
Angelcynne.
<P 123>
<R 978.1>
Her on +tissum geare ealle +ta yldestan Angelcynnes witan
gefeollan +at Calne of anre upfloran. butan 
se halga Dunstan arcebiscop ana +atstod uppon anum beame. &
sume +t+ar swi+de gebrocode w+aron. & sume hit 
ne gedygdan mid +tam life.
<R 979.1>
Her w+as Eadward cyng ofslagen on +afentide +at Corfes geate
on (\xv kalend+a Aprilis\) & hine man bebyrigde 
+at W+arham butan +alcum cynelicum wur+dscipe.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<R 979.29>
And her feng +a+delred to rice. & he w+as +after +tam swi+de
hr+adlice mid mycclum gefean Angelcynnes witon 
gehalgod to cyninge +at Cyningestun.
<R 980.1>
Her on +tisum geare +Alfere ealdorman gefette +tes 
<P 125>
halgan
cyninges lichaman +at W+arham. & geferode hine
mid mycclum wur+dscipe to Sc+aftesbyrig.
<R 981.1>
Her comon +arest +ta vii scipu and gehergoden Hamtun.
<R 983.1>
Her for+dferde +Alfere ealdorman. & feng +Alfric to +tam ilcan
ealdordome.
<R 984.1>
Her for+dferde se halga biscop A+delwold muneca f+ader. & her
w+as Eadwine to abbot gehalgod to Abbandune.
<R 985.1>
Her +alfric ealdorman w+as utadr+afed.
<R 986.1>
Her se cyning fordyde +tet biscoprice +at Hrofeceastre. And
her com +arest se myccla yrfcwalm on Angelcyn.
<R 987.1>
Her Wecedport wes gehergod.
<R 988.1>
Her w+as Goda se [{D+afenisca{] +t+agn ofslagen & mycel w+al
mid him.
<R 988.2>
& her Dunstan se halga arcebiscop forlet +tis lif. & geferde
+t+at heofonlice.
<R 988.3>
And +A+delgar biscop feng +after him to arcebiscopstol. & he
litle hwile +after +tam leofode, butan an gear. 
& iii mon+das.
<R 989.1>
Her +Adwine abbot for+dferde. & feng Wulfgar to. & her Siric
w+as gehadod to arcebiscop.
<P 127>
<R 991.1>
Her w+as [{Gypeswic{] gehergod. & +after +tam swy+de ra+de
w+as Brihtno+d ealdorman ofsl+agen +at M+aldune.
<R 991.2>
& on +tam geare man ger+adde +t+at man geald +arest gafol
Deniscan mannum. for +tam mycclan brogan +te hi 
worhtan be +tam s+ariman. +t+at w+as +arest x +tusend
punda. +t+ane r+ad ger+adde Siric arcebiscop.
<R 992.1>
Her Oswald se eadiga arcebiscop forlet his lif. & geferde
+t+at heofonlice. & +A+delwine ealdorman gefor 
on +tam ilcan geare.
<R 992.3>
+Da ger+adde se cyng & ealle his witan +t+at man gegaderode
+ta scipu +te ahtes w+aron to Lundenbyrig.
<R 992.4>
& se cyng +ta bet+ahte +ta fyrde to l+adene Ealfrice
ealdorman. & +torode eorl. & +Alfstane biscop. & +Ascwige 
biscop. & sceoldan cunnian gif hi muhton +tone here
ahw+ar utene betr+appen.
<R 992.7>
+da sende se ealdorman +alfric. & het warnian +tone here.
<R 992.8>
& +ta on +tere nihte +de hi on +done d+ai tog+adere cumon
sceoldon. +da sceoc he on niht fram +t+are fyrde him 
sylfum to mycclum bismore. & se here +ta +atb+arst, buton
an scip +t+ar man ofsloh.
<R 992.11>
& +ta gem+atte se here +da scipu of East Englum & of Lunden. &
hi +d+ar ofslogon mycel w+al. & +t+at scip genamon 
eall gew+apnod & gew+adod +te se ealdorman on w+as.
<R 992.14>
& +da +after Oswaldes arcebiscop for+dsi+de. feng Ealdulf
abbot of Burch to Eoferwic stole and to Wigeraceastre. 
& Kenulf to +tam abbotrice +at Burch.
<R 993.1>
Her on +dissum geare w+as B+abbanburh tobrocon. & mycel
herehu+de +t+ar genumen, & +after +tam com to Humbranmu+de 
se here. & +t+ar mycel yfel gewrohtan +ag+der ge on
Lindesige ge on Nor+dhymbran.
<R 993.4>
+ta gegaderode man swi+de mycele fyrde. & +ta hi tog+adere gan
sceoldan. +ta onstealdon +ta heretogan +arest 
+tone fleam. +t+at w+as Fr+ana. & Godwine. & Fri+degist.
<R 993.7>
On +tysum ilcan geare het se cyng ablendan +Alfgar +Alfrices
sunu ealdormannes.
<R 994.1>
Her on +tisum geare com Anlaf & Swegen to Lundenbyrig on
Nativitas sancte Marie mid iiii & hundnigontigum scipum.
<R 994.3>
& hi +da on +da burh festlice feohtende w+aron. & eac 
<P 129>
hi mid fyre ontendan woldon. ac hi +tar gefeordon
maran hearm & yfel +tonne hi +afre wendon. +t+at heom +anig
burhwaru gedon sceolde.
<R 994.6>
Ac se halige Godes modor on +dam hire mildheortnisse +t+are
burhware gecy+dde. & hi ahredde wi+d heora feondum.
<R 994.8>
& hi +tanon ferdon. & wrohton +t+at m+aste yfel +te +afre
+anig here don mihte on b+arnette & hergunge & on
manslihtum +ag+der be +dam s+ariman on East Seaxum, & on
Centlande. & on Su+dSeaxum. & on Hamtunscire.
<R 994.11>
& +at nyxtan naman heom hors. & ridon swa wide swa hi woldon.
& unasecgendlice yfel wircende w+aron.
<R 994.13>
+ta ger+adde se cyng & his witan +t+at him man to sende. & him
gafol behete & metsunge wi+d +ton +te hi +t+are 
hergunge geswicon.
<R 994.15>
& hi +ta +tet underfengon. & com +ta eall se here to Hamtune.
& +t+ar wintersetle namon.
<R 994.16>
& hi man +t+ar f+adde geond eall West Seaxna rice. & him man
geald xvi +tusend punda.
<R 994.18>
+ta sende se [{cyng{] +after Anlafe cyninge, +Alfeach biscop &
+A+delward ealdorman & man gislade +ta hwile 
in to +tam scipum.
<R 994.20>
& hi +ta l+addan Anlaf mid mycclum wur+dscipe to +tam cynge to
Andeferan. & se cyng +a+delred his anfeng 
+at biscopes handa. & him cynelice gifode. & him +ta Anlaf
behet swa he hit eac gel+aste. +t+at he n+afre
eft to Angelcynne mid unfri+de cumon nolde.
<R 994.24>
(\Hic Ricardus uetus obiit. et Ricardus filius eius suscepit
regnum. et regnauit xxxi annos\) .
<R 995.1>
Her on +tissum geare +ateowde cometa se steorra. & Siric
arcebiscop for+dferde.
<P 131>
<R 996.1>
Her on +tissum geare w+as +alfric gehalgod to arcebiscope to
Cristes cyrcean.
<R 997.1>
Her on +tissum geare ferde se here abutan Defnanscire into
S+afernmu+don. & +t+ar gehergodon +ag+der on Cornwealum 
ge on Nor+dwalum. & on Defenan. & eodon him +ta up
+at Wecedport.
<R 997.4>
& +t+ar mycel yfel wrohtan on b+arnette. & on manslihtum. &
+after +tam wendon eft abutan Penwiht steort
on +da su+dhealfe. and wendon +ta in to Tamermu+dan. & eodon
+ta up o+d +t+at hi comon to Hlidaforda.
<R 997.7>
& +alc +ting b+arndon & slogon +t+at hi gemetton. & Ordulfes
mynster +at Tefingstoce forb+arndon. & unasecgendlice 
herehu+de mid him to scipa brohtan.
<R 998.1>
Her gewende se here eft eastweard into Frommu+dan. & +t+ar
+aghw+ar up eodon swa wide swa hi woldon into
Dors+atan.
<R 998.2>
& man oft fyrde ongean hi gegaderode. ac sona swa hi tog+adere
gan sceoldan. +tonne wear+d +t+ar +afre +turh 
sum +ting fleam astiht. & +afre hi +at ende sige ahton.
<R 998.5>
& +tonne o+dre hwile lagen heom on Wihtlande. & eoton heom +ta
hwile of Hamtunscire. & of Su+dseaxum.
<R 999.1>
Her com se here eft abuton into Temese. & wendon +ta up
andlang Medew+agan to Hrofeceastre.
<R 999.2>
& com +ta seo Centisce fyrde +t+ar ongean. & hi +t+ar f+aste
togedere fengon. ac wala +t+at hi to hra+de bugon. 
& flugon. for+tam +te hi n+afdon fultum +te hi habban
sceoldan.
<R 999.5>
+ta ahton +ta D+aniscan w+alstowe 
<P 133>
geweald & naman +ta hors. &
ridan swa wide swa hi woldon sylf. & forn+ah 
ealle Weast Centingas fordydon. & forhergodan.
<R 999.8>
+da r+adde se cyng wi+d his witan +t+at man sceolde mid
scipfyrde. & eac mid landfyrde him ongean faran.
ac +da +ta scipu gearwe w+aron. +ta elkede man fram d+age to
d+age. & swencte +t+at earme folc +te on +dam scipon lagon.
<R 999.11>
& a swa hit for+dwearde beon scolde. swa hit l+atre w+as fram
anre tyde to o+dre. & a hi leton heora feonda 
w+arod wexan. & a man rymde fram +t+are s+a. & hi ferdon
+afre for+d +after.
<R 999.14>
& +tonne +at +tam ende ne beheold hit nan +ting seo
scipfyrding. buton folces geswinc. & feos spilling.
& heora feonda for+dbylding.
<R 1000.1>
Her on +dissum geare se cyng ferde in to Cumerlande. & hit
swi+de neah eall forhergode.
<R 1000.2>
& his scipu wendon ut abuton Legceastre. and sceoldan cumon
ongean hine. ac hi ne mihton. +ta gehergodon hi M+anige.
<R 1000.4>
& seo unfri+dflota w+as +t+as sumeres gewend to Ricardesrice.
<R 1001.1>
Her com se here to Exanmu+dan. & up +da eodan to +dere byrig.
& +t+ar f+astlice feohtende w+aron. ac him man 
swy+de f+astlice wi+d stod. & heardlice.
<R 1001.3>
+da gewendon hi geond +t+at land. & dydon eall swa hi bewuna
w+aron. slogon & beorndon.
<R 1001.5>
+ta gesomnode man +t+ar orm+ate fyrde of Defenisces folces. &
Sumors+atisces. & hi +da tosomne comon +at Peonnho.
<R 1001.6>
& sona swa hi tog+adere fengon. +ta beah seo Englisce fyrd. &
hi +t+ar mycel w+al ofslogon. & ridan +ta ofer 
+t+at land. & w+as +afre heora +aftra sy+d wyrse +tonne se
+arra.
<R 1001.9>
& mid him +ta mycele herehu+de to scipon brohton. & +tanon
wendon in Wihtland. & +t+ar him ferdon on buton 
swa swa hi sylf woldon. & him nan +ting ne wi+dstod.
<R 1001.12>
ne him to ne dorste sciphere on s+a. ne landfyrd. ne eodon hi
swa feor up.
<R 1001.13>
W+as hit +ta on +alce wisan hefig tyma. for+dam +te hi n+afre
heora yfeles geswicon.
<R 1002.1>
Her on +tissum geare se cyng ger+adde & his witan. +t+at man
sceolde gafol gyldon +tam flotan. & fri+d wi+d 
hi geniman wi+d +ton +te hi heora yfeles geswican sceoldan.
<R 1002.3>
+da sende se cyng to +tam flotan Leofsig ealdorman. & he +ta
+t+as cynges worde & his witena gri+d wi+d hi
ges+atte. & +tet hi to metsunge fengon & to gafle.
<R 1002.6>
& hi +ta +t+at underfengon. & him man +ta geald xxiiii
+tusend punda.
<R 1002.7>
+da on gemang +tysum ofsloh 
<P 134>
Leofsig ealdorman +Afic +t+as
cynges heahgerefan. & se cyng hine +da geutode of earde.
<R 1002.9>
And +ta on +tam ilcan lengtene com seo hl+afdige Ricardes
dohtor hider to lande.
<R 1002.10>
On +dam ilcan sumera Ealdulf arcebiscop for+dferde.
<R 1002.11>
& on +dam geare se cyng 
<P 135>
het ofslean ealle +da Deniscan men +te
on Angelcynne w+aron on Bricius messed+ag. 
for+ton +tam cynge w+as gecydd +t+at hi woldon hine
besyrewian +at his life. & sy+d+dan ealle his witan. 
& habban sy+t+dan his rice.
<R 1003.1>
Her w+as Eaxeceaster abrocen +turh +tone Frenciscan ceorl
Hugon +te seo hlefdige heafde hire gesett to gerefan. 
& se here +ta burh mid ealle fordyde. & mycele here
hu+de +t+ar genamen.
<R 1003.4>
+da gegaderode man swi+de mycele fyrde of Wiltunscire & of
Hamtunscire. & swi+de anr+adlice wi+d +t+as heres 
weard w+aron.
<R 1003.6>
+da sceolde se ealdorman +alfric l+adan +ta fyrde. ac he teah
for+d +ta his ealdan wrenceas.
<R 1003.7>
Sona swa hi w+aron swa gehende +tet +ag+der heora on o+der
hawede. +ta gebr+ad he hine seocne. & ongan hine 
brecan to spiwenne. & cwe+d +tet he gesiclod w+are. & swa
+t+at folc beswac +t+at he l+adan sceolde.
<R 1003.10>
swa hit gecwe+den is. +donne se heretoga waca+d +tonne bi+d
eall se here swi+de gehindred.
<R 1003.12>
+da Swegen geseah +t+at hi anr+ade n+aron. & ealle tohwurfon.
+ta l+adde he his here into Wiltune.
<R 1003.14>
& hi +da burh gehergodon & forb+arndon. & eodon +ta to
Searbyrig. & +tanon eft to s+a. ferde +t+ar he wiste 
his y+dhengestas.
<R 1004.1>
Her com Swegen mid his flotan to Nor+dwic. & +ta burh ealle
gehergade. & forb+arndon.
<R 1004.2>
+ta ger+adde Ulfkytel wi+d +ta witan on East Englum. +t+at him
b+atere weron +t+at man wi+d +tone here fri+des 
ceapode. +ar hi to mycelne hearm on +tam earde gedydon.
for+tam +te hi unwares comon. & he fyrst n+afde 
+t+at he his fyrde gegadrian mihte.
<R 1004.6>
+da under +tam gri+de +te heom betweonan beon sceolde. +ta
besteal se here up fram scipon. & wendan heora 
fore to +teodforda.
<R 1004.8>
+da Ulfcytel +t+at undergeat. +ta seonde he +t+at man sceolde
+ta scipu toheawan. ac hi abru+don +ta +de he to 
+tohte. & he +ta gegaderode his fyrde diglice swa he
swy+dost muhte.
<R 1004.11>
& se here com +ta to +teodforda binnon iii wuca +t+as +te
hi +ar gehergodon Nor+dwic. & +t+ar binnon ane niht 
w+aron. & +ta burh hergodon & forb+arndon.
<R 1004.14>
+ta on morgen +ta hi to [{scipum{] woldon. +ta com Ulfcytel
mid his werode. & hi +t+ar tog+adere feastlice fengon. 
& mycel w+al +t+ar on +ag+d+are hand gefeoll.
<R 1004.16>
+d+ar w+ar+d East Engla folces seo yld ofslagen. ac gif +tet
fulle m+agen +t+are 
<P 136>
w+are. ne eodan hi n+afre eft 
to scipon. swa hi sylfe s+adon.
<R 1005.1>
Her on +tyssum geare w+as se mycla hungor geond Angelcynn
swilce nan man +ar ne gemunde swa grimne. & 
se flota +t+as geares gewende of +tissum earde to
D+anemearcon. and litelne fyrst let. +tet he eft ne com.
<R 1006.1>
Her for+dferde +Alfric arcebiscop. & +Alfeah biscop feng
+after him to +dam +arcestole. & Brihtwold biscop 
feng to +tam rice on Wiltunscire.
<R 1006.3>
& Wulfgeate w+as eall his are ofgenumen. & Wulfeah & Ufegeat
w+aron ablende. & +Alfelm ealdorman wear+d
ofslagen. & Kenulf biscop for+dferde.
<R 1006.5>
& +ta ofer +tone midne sumor com +ta se Denisca flota to
Sandwic. & dydon eall swa hi +ar gewuna w+aron,
hergodon & b+arndon. & slogon swa swa hi ferdon.
<R 1006.7>
+ta het se cyng abannan ut ealne +deodscipe of Westseaxum. &
of Myrcean. & hi lagon ute +ta ealne +tone
herfest on fyrdinge ongean +tone here. ac hit naht ne beheold
+te ma +te hit oftor +ar dyde.
<R 1006.11>
Ac for eallum +tissum se here ferde swa he sylf wolde. & se
fyrdinge dyde +t+are landleode +alcne hearm. 
+tet him na+dor ne dohte ne innhere ne uthere.
<R 1006.15>
+da hit winter leohte. +ta ferde se fyrd ham.
& se here com +ta ofer Martinus messan to his fyr+dstole to
Wihtlande. & tilode him +t+ar +aghwer +t+as +de
hi behofdan.
<R 1006.17>
& +ta to +dam middan wintran eodon heom to heora garwan feorme
ut +turh 
<P 137>
Hamtunscire into Barrucscire to 
R+adingan. and hi dydon heora gewuna, atendon heora beacna
swa swa hi ferdon.
<R 1006.20>
& ferdon +ta to Wealingaforda. & +tet eall forsweldon. &
w+andon him +ta andlang +Ascesdune to Cwicelmes
hl+awe.
<R 1006.22>
& +t+ar onbidedon beotra gylpa. for+ton oft man cw+a+d. gif hi
Cwicchelmes hl+awe gesohton. +tet hi n+afre 
to s+a gan ne sceoldan. wendon +ta o+dres w+ages hamweard.
<R 1006.25>
+ta w+as +t+ar fyrd gesomnod +at Cynetan. & hi +t+ar tog+adere
fengon. & sona +tet w+arod on fleame gebrohtan, 
& sy+d+dan hyra herehu+de to s+a f+aredon.
<R 1006.28>
+t+ar mihton geseon Winceastre leodan rancne here. & unearhne.
+t+at hi be hyra gate to s+a eodon. & m+ate 
& madmas ofer L mila him fram s+a f+attan.
<R 1006.31>
+ta w+as se cyng gewend ofer Temese into Scrobbesbyrigscire. &
nam +t+ar his feorme in +t+are middewintres tide.
<R 1006.32>
+ta wear+d hit swa mycel +age fram +tam here. +tet man ne
mihte ge+teoncean ne asm+agian hu man of earde hi 
gebringon sceolde. o+d+de +tisne eard wi+d hi gehealdan.
for+tan +te hi h+afdon +alce scire on West Sexum
sti+de gemarcod mid bryne. & mid hergunge.
<R 1006.37>
Agan se cyng georne to smeagenne wi+d his witan hwet heom
eallum r+adlicost +tuhte. +t+at man +tisum earde 
gebeorgan mihte +ar he mid ealle fordon wur+de.
<R 1006.39>
+da ger+adde seo cyng & his witan eallum +teodscipe to
+tearfe. +teah hit him eallum la+d w+are. +t+at man nyde 
moste +tam [{here{] gafol gyldan.
<R 1006.41>
+da sende se cyng to +tam here. & him cy+tan het +t+at he
wolde +t+at heom gri+d betweonan beon sceolde. & 
him man gafol and metsunge syllan sceolde. & hi +da ealle
+t+at underfengon. & him man [{metsode{] geond Angelcyn.
<P 138>
<R 1007.1>
Her on +dissum geare w+as +tet gafol gel+ast +tam unfri+de
here. +t+at w+as xxx +tusend punda.
<R 1007.2>
& On +dissum geare eac w+as +Adric gesett to ealdorman on
Myrcena rice.
<R 1008.1>
Her bebead se cyng +t+at man sceolde ofer eall Angelcynn scipu
feastlice wircean. +t+at is +tonne [{of{] +trym 
hund hidum. & of x hidon +anne sceg+d. & of viii
hidum helm & byrnan.
<R 1009.1>
Her on +tissum geare gewurdon +ta scipu gearwe +te we +ar ymbe
spr+acon. & heora w+as swa feala swa n+afre
+ar +tes +de us bec secga+d on Angelcynne ne gewurdon on
nanes cynges d+ag.
<R 1009.4>
& hi man +ta ealle tog+adere ferode to Sandwic. & +t+ar
sceoldan licgan. & +tisne eard healdan wi+d +alcne
uthere. ac we gyt n+afdon +ta gesel+da. ne +tone wur+dscipe
+t+at seo scipfyrd nytt w+are +disum earde. +te 
ma +te heo oftor +ar w+as.
<R 1009.8>
+da gewear+d hit on +tisum ilcan timan o+d+de litle +ar +tet
Brihtric Eadrices bro+dor ealdormannes forwregde 
Wulfno+d cild +tone Su+dseaxscian to +tam cyning.
<R 1009.10>
& he +ta utgewende. & him +ta to aspeon +tet he heafde xx
scipa. & he +ta hergode +aghwer be +dam su+driman. 
& +alc yfel wrohton.
<R 1009.12>
+ta cydde man into +t+are scipfyrde. +tet hi mann ea+de
befaran mihte. gif man ymbe beon wolde.
<R 1009.14>
+da genam se Brihtric him to hundeahtatig scipa. & +tohte
+t+at he him myceles wordes wircean sceolde. 
+t+at he Wulfno+d cuconne o+d+de deadne begytan sceolde.
<R 1009.17>
ac +ta hi +tyderweard w+aron. +ta com him swilc wind ongean
swilce nan mann +ar ne gemunde. & +ta scipo +da 
ealle tobeot. & to+tr+asc. & on land wearp. & com se
Wulfno+d 
<P 139>
sona. & +da scipo forb+arnde.
<R 1009.20>
+da +tis cu+d w+as to +dam o+drum scipon +t+ar se cyng w+as hu
+da o+dre geferdon. w+as +ta swilc hit eall r+adleas 
w+are. & ferde se cyng him ham. & +ta ealdormenn. & +ta
heahwitan. & forleton +ta scipo +tus leohtlice.
<R 1009.24>
& +tet folc +ta +te on +dam scipe w+aron f+arcodon +da scipo
eft to Lundene. & leton ealles +deodscipes geswincg 
+tus leohtlice forwur+dan. & n+as se ege na betera +te
eall Angelcynn tohopode.
<R 1009.27>
+ta +deos scipfyrd +dus geendod w+as. +ta com sona +after
hlammessan se ungemetlica unfri+dhere to Sandwic. 
& sona wendon heora fore to Cantwarbyrig. & +ta burh ra+de
geeodon. gif hi +te ra+dor to him fri+des to ne girndon.
<R 1009.31>
& ealle East Centingas wi+d +tone here fri+d genamon. & him
gesealdon iii +tusend punda.
<R 1009.32>
& se here +ta sona +after +tam gewende abuton o+d +tet hi
comon to Wihtlande. & +t+ar +aghwer on Su+dseaxum.
& on Hamtunscire. & eac on Bearrucscire hergodon & b+arndon
swa heora gewuna w+as.
<R 1009.35>
+ta het se cyng abannan ut ealne +teodscipe +tet mann on +alce
healfe wi+d hi gehealden sceolde. ac +teah
hwe+dere hi ferdon loc hu hi woldon.
<R 1009.38>
+ta sum si+de heafde se cyng hi fore began mid ealre fyrde.
+ta hi to scipan woldon. & eall folc gearu
w+as heom on to fonne. ac hit w+as +da +turh Eadric ealdorman
gelet swa hit +ta +afre w+as.
<R 1009.41>
+da +after sanctus Martinus m+assan. +ta ferdon hi eft ongean
to Cent. & namon him wintersettl on Temesan. 
& lifedon of East Seaxum. & of +dam scirum +te +t+ar nyxt
w+aron on twam healfe Temese. & oft hi on 
+ta burh Lundene gefuhton.
<R 1009.45>
Ac si Gode lof. +tet heo gyt gesund stent. & hi +t+ar +afre
yfel geferdon.
<R 1009.46>
+da +after middan wintra hi namon +ta +anne upgang ut +turh
Ciltern. & swa to Oxneforda. & +ta burh forb+arndon. 
& namon hit +ta on twa healfe Temese to 
<P 140>
scipanweard.
<R 1009.49>
+ta gewarnode man hi +t+at +t+ar w+as fyrd +at Lundene ongean.
hi gewendon +ta ofer +at Stane. & +tus ferdon 
ealne +tone winter, & +done lencten w+aron him on Cent. and
bettan heora scipa.
<R 1010.1>
Her on +dissum geare com se foresprecenda here ofer Eastron to
[{East{] Englum. & wendon up +at Gipeswic. 
& eodon anreces +t+ar hi geaxodon Ulfcytel mid his fyrde.
<R 1010.3>
+dis w+as on +tam d+ag (\prima ascensio Domini\) .
<R 1010.4>
& +ta sona flugon East Engla. +ta stod Grantabrycgscir
f+astlice ongean.
<R 1010.5>
+t+ar w+as ofsl+agen +A+delstan +tes cynges a+dum. & Oswi &
his sunu. & Wulfric Leofwines sunu. & Eadwig +Afices 
bro+dor. & feala o+dra godra +tegna. & folces ungerim.
<R 1010.8>
+tone fleam +arest astealde +turcytel Myran heafod. & +ta
D+aniscan ahton w+alstowe geweald. & +t+ar wurdon
gehorsode.
<R 1010.10>
& sy+d+don ahton East Engle geweald. & +tone eard iii
mon+tas hergodon & b+arndon.
<R 1010.11>
gefur+don on +ta wildan fennas hi ferdon. & menn & yrfe hi
slogon. & b+arndon geond +ta feonnas. & +teodford 
forb+arndon. & Grantabrycge.
<R 1010.14>
& sy+d+don wendon eft su+dweard into Temese. & ridon +ta
gehorsedan menn ongean +ta scipo.
<R 1010.15>
& sy+d+don hr+adlice wendon westweard on Oxnafordscire. &
+tanon to Bucinghamscire. & swa andlang Usan.
o+d hi comon to Bedanforda & swa for+d o+d Temesanford. & a
b+arndon swa hi geferdon.
<R 1010.19>
wendon +ta eft to scipon mid heora herehu+de. & +tone hi to
scipon streddon. +tonne sceolde fyrd ut eft
ongean +t+at hi up woldon.
<R 1010.21>
+tonne ferde seo fyrd ham.
& +tonne hi w+aron be easton. +tonne heold man fyrde be
westan. & +tonne hi w+aron be su+dan. +tonne w+as ure 
fyrd be nor+dan.
<R 1010.23>
+donne bead man ealle witan to cynge. & man +tonne r+adan
scolde hu man +tisne eard werian sceolde. Ac 
+teah man hw+at +tonne r+adde. +t+at ne stod fur+don +anne
mona+d.
<R 1010.26>
+at nyxtan n+as nan heafodman 
<P 141>
+t+at fyrde gaderian wolde. ac
+alc fleah swa he m+ast myhte. Ne fur+don nan
scir nolde o+dre gel+astan +at nyxtan.
<R 1010.29>
+ta +atforan sanctus Andreas m+assan. +da com se here to
Hamtune. & +tone port sona forb+arndon. & +t+ar namon 
abuton swa mycel swa hi woldon sylfe. & +tanon wendon ofer
Temese into West Seaxum. & swa wi+d Caningan 
m+arsces. & +t+at eall forb+arndon.
<R 1010.33>
+ta hi swa feor gegan h+afdon swa hi +ta woldon. +ta comon hi
to +dam middanwintra to scipon.
<R 1011.1>
Her on +tissum geare sende se cyng & his witan to +dam here.
& georndon fri+des. & him gafol & metsunga 
behetan. wi+d +tam +te hi heora hergunga geswicon.
<R 1011.4>
Hi heafdon +ta ofergan East Engla i and East Seaxe ii
& Middel Seaxe iii & Oxenafordscire iiii 
& Grantabrycgescire v & Heortfordscire vi &
Bucingahamscire vii & Bedanfordscire viii & 
healfe Huntadunscire x & be su+dan Temese ealle Centingas.
& Su+d Seaxe. & H+astingas. & Su+drig. & Bearrucscire. 
& Hamtunscire. & micel on Wiltunscire.
<R 1011.10>
Ealle +tas unges+al+da us gelumpon +turh unr+ades. +t+at mann
nolde him to timan gafol bedan. ac +tonne hi 
m+ast to yfele gedon h+afdon. +tonne nam man gri+d. & fri+d
wi+d hi.
<R 1011.12>
& na+del+as for eallum +tisum gri+de & fri+de & gafole. hi
ferdon +aghwider folcm+alum. & hergodon. & ure 
earme folc r+apton & slogon.
<R 1011.15>
& On +tissum geare betwyx Natiuitate sancte Marie & sancte
Michaeles m+assan hi ymbes+atan Cantwaraburh. 
& hi +t+ar into comon +turh syrewrenceas. for+ton +Alm+ar
hi becyrde Cantwaraburh. +te se arcebiscop +Alfeah 
+ar generede his life.
<R 1011.18>
& hi +t+ar +ta genaman +tone arcebiscop +Alfeah. & +Alfword
+t+at cynges gerefan. & Leofwine abbod. & Godwine 
biscop. & +Alm+ar abbod hi l+atan aweg.
<R 1011.20>
& hi +t+ar genaman inne ealle +ta gehadode menn. & weras. &
wif. +t+at w+as unasecgendlic +anigum menn hu 
mycel +t+as folces w+as.
<R 1011.22>
& on 
<P 142>
+t+are byrig si+d+don w+aron swa lange swa hi woldon. &
+ta hi h+afdon +ta burh ealle asmeade. wendon 
him +ta to scipon. & l+addon +tone arcebiscop mid him;
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<R 1011.32>
& hi heafdon +tone arcebiscop mid him swa lange o+d +tone timan
+te hi hine gemartyredon.
<R 1012.1>
Her on +tissum geare com Eadric ealdorman. & ealle +ta
yldestan witan gehadode & leawede Angelcynnes 
to Lundenbyrig toforan +tam Eastron.
<R 1012.3>
w+as +asterd+ag +ta on +dam (\datarum IDus Aprilis\) .
<R 1012.4>
& hi +t+ara +da swa lange w+aron o+d +t+at gafol w+as eall
gel+ast ofer Eastran. +t+at w+as viii +tusend punda.
<R 1012.5>
+ta on +tone S+aternesd+ag wear+d swi+de gestired se here
ongean +tone biscop. for+tan +te he nolde heom nan
feoh behaten. & forbead +t+at man nan +ting wi+d him syllan
ne moste.
<R 1012.8>
w+aron hi eac swy+de druncene. for+tam +t+ar w+as gebroht win
su+dan.
<R 1012.10>
genamon +ta +tone biscop. leaddon hine to heora hustinga on
+tone Sunnan efen (\octabas Pasch+a\) . & hine
+ta +t+ar oftorfodon mid banum. & mid hry+dera heafdum.
<R 1012.12>
& sloh hine +ta an heora mid anre +axe yre on +tet heafod.
+tet he mid +tam dynte ni+der asah. & his halige 
blod on +da eor+dan feoll. & his +ta haligan sawle to Godes
rice asende.
<R 1012.15>
& +ta biscopas Eadno+d & +Alfhun. & seo 
<P 143>
burhwaru underfengon
+tone haligan lichaman on mergen & feredon
hine to Lundene mid ealre arwur+dnisse. & hine bebyrigdon on
sanctus Paulus mynstre. & +t+ar nu God swutela+d 
+t+as halgan martires mihta.
<R 1012.19>
+da +tet gafol gelest w+as. & +ta fri+d a+das gesworene. +ta
toferde se here wide swa he +ar gegaderod w+as.
<R 1012.21>
+da bugon to +tam cyninge of +tam here xlv scipa. & him
beheton +tet hi woldon +tisne eard healdan. & 
he hi fedan scolde & scrydan.
<R 1013.1>
On +tam +aftran geare +te se arcebiscop w+as gemartyrod. se
cyng ges+atte Lifing biscop to Cantwarabyrig
to +dam arcestole.
<R 1013.3>
& on +tam ilcan geare toforan +tam mon+de Augustus com Swegen
cyning mid his flotan to Sandwic. & wende 
swy+de ra+de abutan East Englum. into Humbran mu+dan. & swa
uppweard andlang Trentan +tet he com to Gegnesburh.
<R 1013.6>
& +ta sona abeah Uhtred eorl. & eall Nor+dhymbra to him. &
eall +t+at folc on Lindesige. & sy+d+dan +tet folc 
of Fifburhingan. & ra+de +t+as eall here be nor+dan
W+atlinga str+ate. & him man sealde gislas of +alcere scire.
<R 1013.10>
Sy+d+dan he undergeat +tet eall folc him to gebogen w+as. +ta
bead he +t+at man sceolde his here metian & horsian.
<R 1013.12>
& he +ta gewende sy+d+dan su+dweard mid fulre fyrde. &
bet+ahte his scipa & +ta gislas Cnute his sunu.
<R 1013.13>
& sy+d+dan he com ofer W+aclingastr+ate, hi wrohton +t+at
m+aste yfel +te +anig here don mihte.
<R 1013.15>
wende +ta to Oxnaforda. & seo burhwaru sona abeah & gislode. &
+tanon to Winceastre. & +t+at ilce dydon.
<R 1013.17>
wendon +ta +tanon eastward to Lundene. & mycel his folces
adranc on Temese. for+dam hi nanre brycge ne
cepton.
<R 1013.18>
+da he to +t+are byrig com. +ta nolde seo burhwaru abugan ac
heoldan mid fullan wige ongean. for+dan +t+ar
w+as inne se cyning +a+telred. & +turkil mid him.
<R 1013.21>
+ta wende Swegen 
<P 144>
cyning +tanon to Wealingaforda. & swa ofer
Temese westweard to Ba+don. & s+at +t+ar mid his fyrde.
<R 1013.23>
& com +A+telmer ealdorman +tider. & +ta weasternan +t+agnas
mid him. & bugon ealle to Swegene. & gislodon.
<R 1013.25>
+ta he eall +tus gefaren heafde. wende +ta nor+dweard to his
scipon.
<R 1013.26>
& eall +teodscipe hine heafde for fullne cyning.
<R 1013.27>
& seo burhwaru +after +tam on Lundene beah & gislode. for+tam
hi ondreddon +t+at he hi fordon wolde.
<R 1013.29>
bead +ta Swegen full gild & metsunga to his here +tone winter.
& +turcyl bead +t+at ilce to +tam here +te 
l+ag on Grenawic. & buton +tam hi hergodan swa oft swa hi
woldon.
<R 1013.32>
+da ne duhte na+dor +tisse +teoda ne su+dan. ne nor+dan.
+ta w+as se cyng sume hwile mid +tam flotan +te on Temese
w+aron. & seo hlafdige wende +ta ofer seo to hire 
bro+dor Ricarde. & +Alsige abbot of Burh mid hire.
<R 1013.35>
& se cyng sende +Alfun biscop mid +tam +a+telinge Eadwarde. &
+Alfrede ofer se. +t+at he hi bewitan sceolde.
<R 1013.37>
& se cyng gewende +ta fram +tam flotan to +dam middan wintra
to Wihtlande. & w+as +t+ar +ta tid.
<R 1013.38>
& +after +t+are tide gewende +ta ofer s+a to Ricarde. & w+as
+t+ar mid him o+d +done byre +te Swegen dead wear+d.
<R 1013.41>
& +da hwile +te seo l+afdige mid hire bro+ter w+as begondon
s+a. +Alfsige abbot of Burh +te +t+ar w+as mid hire 
for to +tone mynstre +te is gehaten Boneual +t+ar sancte
Florentines lichama l+ag.
<R 1013.43>
fand +t+ar +arm stede. +arm abbot & +arme muneces, for+tan +te
hi forhergode w+aron.
<R 1013.45>
bohte +ta +t+ar +at +tone abbot & +at +te muneces sancte
Florentines lichaman eall buton +te heafod to v
hundred punda. & +ta +te he ongean com +ta offrede hit Crist &
sancte Peter.
<R 1014.1>
Her on +tissum geare Swegen geendode his dagas to
candelm+assan (\iii Non+a Februarii\) . & se flota eall
gecuron Cnut to 
<P 145>
cyninge.
<R 1014.3>
+da ger+addan +ta witan ealle ge hadode ge l+awede +t+at man
+after +tam cyninge +a+delrede sende. & cw+adon +t+at 
him nan leofre hlaford n+are +tonne heora gecynde hlaford.
gif he hi rihtlicor healdan wolde +tonne
he +ar dyde.
<R 1014.6>
+da sende se cyng his sunu Eadward mid his +arendracan hider.
& het gretan ealne his leodscipe.
<R 1014.8>
& cw+a+d +t+at he heom hold hlaford beon wolde. & +alc +t+ara
+tinga betan +te hi ealle ascunedon. & +alc +t+ara 
+tinga forgifan beon sceolde +te [{him{] gedon o+d+de
gecwe+den w+are. wi+d +tam +te hi ealle anr+adlice buton
swicdome to him gecyrdon.
<R 1014.12>
& man +ta fullne freondscipe gef+astnode mid worde & mid
w+adde on +ag+dere healfe. & +afre +alcne [{Deniscne{] 
cyning utlagede of Englalande gecw+adon.
<R 1014.15>
+da com +a+delred cyning innan +tam lenctene ham to his agenre
+deode. & he gl+adlice fram heom eallum onfangen w+as.
<R 1014.17>
& +ta sy+d+don Swegen dead w+as. s+att Cnut mid his here on
Gegnesburh o+d +da Eastron. & gewear+d him & +tam 
folce on Lindesige anes. +t+at hi hine horsian sceoldan. &
sy+d+dan ealle +atg+adere faran & hergian.
<R 1014.20>
+da com se cyning +a+delred mid fulre fyrde +tider +ar hi
gearwe w+aron to Lindesige. & mann +ta hergode. 
& b+arnde & sloh eall +tet mancynn +t+at man ar+acan mihte.
<R 1014.23>
Se Cnut gewende him ut mid his flotan. & wear+d +tet earme
folc +tus beswican +turh hine.
<R 1014.24>
& w+ande +ta su+dweard o+d +t+at he com to Sandwic. & let
+t+ar up +ta gislas +te his f+ader gesealde w+aron. &
cearf of heora handa & heora nosa.
<R 1014.26>
& buton eallum +tisum yfelum se cyning het gyldan +tam here
+te on Grenewic l+ag xxi +tusend punda.
<R 1014.28>
& on +tissum geare on sancte Mich+ales m+asse+afan. com +tet
mycele s+aflod geond wide +tisne eard. & +arn 
swa feor up swa n+afre +ar ne dyde. & adrencte feala tuna. &
manncynnes unarim+adlice geteall.
<R 1015.1>
On +tissum geare w+as +t+at mycele gemot on Oxonaforda.
<R 1015.2>
& +t+ar Eadric ealdorman beswac Sigefer+d & Morc+ar 
<P 146>
+ta
yldestan +t+agenas into Seofonburgum. bep+ahte hi into 
his bure. & hi man +t+ar inne ofsloh ungerisenlice.
<R 1015.4>
& se cyng +ta genam eall heora +ahta. & het nimon Sigefer+des
lafe & gebringon binnon Mealdelmes byrig.
<R 1015.6>
+ta +after litlum fece ferde Eadmund +a+deling to. & genam
+t+at wif ofer +tes cynges willan. & heafde him
to wife.
<R 1015.8>
+da toforan natiuitas sancte Mari+a ferde se +a+deling w+aston
nor+d into Fifburgum. & gerad sona ealle Sigefer+des 
are & Morcares. & +t+at folc eall him tobeah.
<R 1015.10>
& +ta on +dam ylcan timan com Cnut cyng to Sandwic. & wende
sona abutan Centland into West Seaxen o+d 
he com to Fromu+dan. & hergode +ta on Dors+atum & on
Wiltunscire. & on Sum+ars+aton. +ta l+ag se cyng seoc
+at Cosham.
<R 1015.14>
+da gaderode Eadric ealdorman fyrde & se +a+deling Eadmund be
nor+dan.
<R 1015.15>
+da hi tog+adere comon. +ta wolde se ealdorman beswicon +tone
+a+teling. & hi tohwurfon +ta buton gefeohte
for+tam. & rimdon heora feondum.
<R 1015.18>
& Eadric ealdormann aspeon +ta xl scipa fram +tam cyning.
& beah +ta to Cnute.
<R 1015.19>
& West Seaxe bugon & gislodon. & horsodon +tone here. & he
w+as +t+ar +ta o+d midne winter.
<R 1016.1>
Her on +tissum geare com Cnut cyning mid his here clx
scipa. & Eadirc ealdormann mid him ofer Temese 
into Myrcan +at Cr+acilade.
<R 1016.3>
& wendon +ta to W+aringscire innon +t+are middewintres tide. &
hergodon & b+arndon & slogon eall 
<P 147>
+t+at hi to comon.
<R 1016.5>
+da ongan se +a+deling Eadmund to gadrienne fyrde.
<R 1016.6>
+ta [{seo{] fyrd gesomnod w+as. +ta ne onhagode him buton se
cyng +t+are w+are. & hi h+afdon +t+are burhware fultum 
of Lundene.
<R 1016.8>
geswicon +ta +t+are fyrding. & f+arde +alc mann him ham.
<R 1016.9>
+da +after +t+are tide +ta bead mann eft fyrde be fullum wite.
+t+at +alc mann +te feor w+are for+d gewende.
<R 1016.10>
& mann sende to +tam cyninge to Lundene. & b+adon hine +t+at
he come ongean +ta fyrde mid +tam fultume +te
he gegaderian mihte.
<R 1016.12>
+da hi ealle tosomne comon. +ta ne beheold hit naht +te ma +te
hit oftor +ar dyde.
<R 1016.14>
+ta cydde mann +tam cyninge +t+at hine mann beswicon wolde.
+ta +te him on fultume beon sceolden. Forlet 
+da +ta fyrde. & cyrde him eft to Lundene.
<R 1016.17>
+da rad se +a+teling Eadmund to Nor+dhymbran to Vhtrede eorl.
& w+ande +alc mann +t+at hi woldon fyrde somnian 
ongean Cnut cyng.
<R 1016.19>
+ta ferdon hi into St+affordscire. & into Scrobbesbyrig. & to
Legeceastre.
<R 1016.20>
& hergodon hi on heora healfe 
<P 148>
& Cnut on his.
<R 1016.21>
& wende him +ta ut +turh Buccingahamscire into Beadafordscire.
& +tanon to Huntandunscire. andlang fennes 
to Stanforda. & +da into Lincolnescire. +tanon to
Snotingahamscire. & swa to Nor+dhymbran to Eoforwicweard.
<R 1016.25>
+da Uhtred geaxode +tis. +da forlet he his hergunga & efeste
nor+dweard. & beah +ta for nede. & ealle Nor+dhymbran mid him.
<R 1016.27>
& he gislode. & hine man +deah hw+a+dere ofsloh. & +turcytel
Nafanan sunu mid him.
<R 1016.28>
& +ta +after +tam se cyng Cnut ges+atte Yric into
Nor+dhymbran to eorle. eall swa Uhtred w+as.
<R 1016.29>
& sy+d+dan wendon him su+dweard o+dres weges eall be westan. &
com +ta eall se here toforan +tam Eastron to scipon.
<R 1016.31>
& se +a+teling +Admund wende to Lundene to his f+ader. & +ta
+after Eastron wende se cyng Cnut mid eallum
his scipum to Lundeneweard.
<R 1016.35>
+da gelamp hit +tet se cyng +a+delred for+dferde +ar +da scipu
comon.
<R 1016.36>
he geendode his dagas on sanctes Georius m+assed+age +after
mycclum geswince. & earfo+dnissum his lifes.
<R 1016.37>
& +ta +after his ende. ealle +ta witan +te on Lundene w+aron &
se burhwaru 
<P 149>
gecuron Eadmund to cynge. & his 
rice he heardlice werode +ta hwile +te his tima w+as.
<R 1016.41>
+ta comon +ta scipo to Grenawic to +tam gandagum. & binnon
lytlum f+ace wendon to Lundene.
<R 1016.42>
& dulfon +ta ane mycele dic on +da su+dhealfe & drogon heora
scipa on westhealfe +t+are brycge. & bedicodon 
sy+d+don +ta burh uton +t+at nan mann ne mihte ne inn ne
ut.
<R 1016.45>
& oftr+adlice [^PLUMMER: oft r+adlice^] on +da burh fuhton. 
ac hi heom heardlice wi+dstodon.
<R 1016.46>
+ta w+as Eadmund cyng +ar +tam gewend ut. & gerad +ta West
Seaxan. & him beah eall folc to.
<R 1016.47>
& ra+de +after +tam he gefeaht wi+d +tone here +at Peonnan
wi+d Gillinga. & o+der gefeoht he 
<P 150>
gefeaht +after middan sumera +at Sceortstane.
<R 1016.49>
& +t+ar mycel w+all feoll on +ag+dre healfe. & +ta heres him
sylfe toeodon on +dam gefeohte.
<R 1016.51>
& Eadric ealdorman & +Alm+ar Deorlingc w+aron +tam here on
fultume ongean Eadmund cyng.
<R 1016.52>
& +ta gegaderode he iii si+de fyrde & ferde to Lundene. &
+ta burhware ahredde. & +tone here aflymde to scipon.
<R 1016.54>
& +ta w+as ymbe twa niht +t+at se cyning gewende ofer +at
Brentforda. & +ta wi+d +tone here gefeaht & hine aflymde.
<R 1016.56>
& +t+ar adranc mycel [{+Anglisces{] folces on heora agenre
gymeleaste. +ta +de ferdon beforan +t+are fyrde. &
fang woldon fon.
<R 1016.58>
& se cyning wende +after +tam to West Seaxan. & his fyrde
gesomnode.
<R 1016.59>
+da gewende se here sona to Lundene. & +ta burh utone
bes+aton. & hire stranglice wi+dfeaht ge be w+atere 
ge be lande. ac se +almihtiga God hi ahredde.
<R 1016.62>
Se here gewende +ta +after +tam fram Lundene mid heora scipum
into Arwan. & +tar up foran. & feordon on
Myrcean. & slogon & b+arndon swa hw+at swa hi oferforon. swa
heora gewuna w+as.
<R 1016.65>
& heom metes tilodon. & hi drifon +ag+der ge scipa. ge heora
drafa into Medew+age.
<R 1016.66>
+da gesomnode Eadmund cyng iiii si+te ealle Engla+teode. &
ferde ofer Temese to 
<P 151>
Brentforda. & ferde innan Cent.
<R 1016.68>
& se here him fleah beforan mid hira horsa into Sceapige. & se
cyng ofsloh heora swa feala swa he offaran mihte.
<R 1016.70>
& Eadric ealdormann gewende +ta +d+ane cyng ongean +at +Ageles
forda. n+as nan mare unr+ad gered +tonne se w+as.
<R 1016.73>
Se here gewende eft up on East Seaxan. & ferde into Myrcean. &
fordydon eall +t+at he oferferde.
<R 1016.74>
+da se cyng geaxode +t+at se here uppe w+as. +da gesomnode he
v si+de ealle Engla+teode. & ferde him +at 
hindan. & offerde hi innan 
<P 152>
East Seaxan +at +tere dune +te mann
h+at Assandun. & +t+ar tog+adere heardlice fengon.
<R 1016.78>
+da dyde Eadric ealdormann swa he oftor +ar dyde. astealde
+tone fleam +arest mid Mages+aton. & swa aswac 
his cynehlaforde. & ealle +teode.
<R 1016.80>
+t+ar h+afde Cnut sige. & gefeaht him eall Englaland.
<R 1016.81>
+t+ar wear+d ofslagen Eadno+d. & Wulsige abbot. & +Alfric
ealdorman. & Godwine ealdorman. and Ulfcytel of 
East Englan. & +A+delward +A+delsiges sunu ealdormannes. &
eall se dugo+d on Angelcinne.
<R 1016.85>
+da +after +tisum gefeohte wende Cnut cing upp mid his here to
Gleaweceastrescire. +t+ar he geherde secgan 
+tet se cyng w+as Eadmund.
<R 1016.87>
+da ger+adde Eadric ealdormann & +ta 
<P 153>
witan +te +d+ar w+aron
+t+at +ta cyningas seht namon heom betweonan. & hi 
gislas sealdon heom betweonan.
<R 1016.89>
& +ta cyningas comon tog+adere +at Olanige. & heora
freondscipe +t+ar gef+astnodon. ge mid wedde ge mid a+de. 
& +t+at gyld setton wi+d +tone here.
<R 1016.91>
& hi tohwurfon +ta mid +tisum sehte. & feng Eadmund cing to
Weast Seaxan & Cnut to Myrcean.
<R 1016.94>
Se here gewende +ta to scipon mid +tam +tingum +te hi gefangen
h+afdon. & Lundenewaru gri+dede wi+d +tone here. 
& heom fri+d gebohtan.
<R 1016.96>
& se [{here{] gebrohton heora scipa on Lundene. & heom
wintersetle +t+ar inne namon.
<R 1016.98>
+da to sanctus Andreas m+assan for+dferde se cyng Eadmund. &
is byrged mid his ealdan f+ader Eadgare on
Gl+astingabyrig.
<R 1016.100>
& on +tam ilcan geare for+dferde Wulfgar abbot on Abbandune. &
feng +A+delsige to.
<P 155>
<R 1017.1>
Her on +tisum geare feng Cnut cyning to eall Angelcynnes rice.
& hit tod+ald on fower. him sylfum West 
Seaxan. & +turcylle East Englan. & Eadrice Myrcean. & Yrice
Nor+dhymbran.
<R 1017.4>
& on +tisum geare w+as Eadric ealdormann ofslagen. & Nor+dman
Leofwines sunu ealdormannes. & +A+delword 
+A+delm+ares sunu +t+as gr+atan. & Brihtric +Alfgetes sunu on
D+afenanscire.
<R 1017.7>
& Cnut cyng aflymde ut +Adwig +A+deling. & Eadwig ceorla cyng.
<R 1017.1024>
& +ta to foran (\kalend+a Augustii\) het se cyng feccan him
+a+delredes lafe +tes o+dres cynges him to cwene 
Ricardes dohtor.
<R 1018.1>
On +tisum geare w+as +t+at gafol gel+ast ofer eall Angelcynn.
+t+at w+as ealles lxxii +tusend punda. buton
+tam +te seo burhwaru on Lundene guldon xi +tusend punda.
<R 1018.3>
& se here ferde +ta sum to Denmearcon. & xl scipo belaf
mid +tam cyninge Cnute.
<R 1018.5>
& Dene & Engle wurdon samm+ale +at Oxnaforda.
<R 1018.6>
& her +A+delsige abbot for+dferde on Abbandune. & feng
+A+delwine to.
<R 1019.1>
Her gewende Cnut cyng to Denmearcon. & +t+ar wunode ealne
winter.
<R 1020.1>
Her com Cnut cyng to Englalande.
& +ta on Eastron w+as mycel gemot on Cyrnceastre. +ta
geutlagode mann +A+delword ealdorman.
<R 1020.2>
& on +tissum geare se cyng for to Assandune. & Liuing
arcebiscop for+dferde. & +A+delno+d munuc & decanus 
+at Cristes cyrcan w+as +te ilcan geare +tar to gehadod to
biscop.
<R 1021.1>
Her on +tysum geare Cnut cyng to Martinus m+assan geutlagode
+turkil eorl.
<R 1022.1>
Her Cnut cyng for ut mid his scipum to Wiht.
& +A+delno+d biscop for to Rome. & w+as underfangen +t+ar fram
Benedicte +tam papan myd mycclum wur+dsci+te.
& mid his agenum handum him his pallium onsette. & to
arcebiscop arwur+dlice 
<P 157>
gehalgode.
<R 1022.5>
& he sy+d+dan mid +tam pallium +t+ar m+assode swa se papa him
gewissode. & he hine gereordode +after +tam mid 
+tam papan. & sy+d+don mid fulre bletsunge ham gewende.
<R 1022.8>
& Leofwine abbot se w+as unrihtlice of Elig adr+afed w+as his
gefera. & hine +t+ar +alces +tinges gecl+ansode 
+te him mann ons+ade. swa se papa him t+ahte on +tes
arcebiscopes gewitnesse. & on ealles +t+as geferscipes 
+te him mid w+as.
<R 1023.1>
Her for+dferde Wulfstan arcebiscop. & feng +Alfric to. & +t+as
ilcan geares +A+delno+d arcebiscop ferede sancte 
+Alfeges arcebiscop reliquias to Cantwarbyrig of
Lundene.
<R 1024.1>
(\Hic Ricardus secundus obiit. Ricardus filius eius regnauit
prope uno anno. et post eum regnauit Rodbertus 
frater eius viii annis\) .
<R 1025.1>
Her for Cnut cyng to Denmearcon mid scipon to +tam holme +at
ea +t+are halgan. & +t+ar comon ongean Vlf &
Eglaf. & swi+de mycel here +ag+der ge landhere ge sciphere of
Swa+deode.
<R 1025.4>
& +t+ar w+as swi+de feala manna forfaren on Cnutes cynges
healfe. +ag+der ge Deniscra manna ge Engliscra.
& +ta Sweon heafdon weallstowe geweald.
<R 1028.1>
Her for Cnut cyng of Englalande mid fiftig scipum to Norwegum.
& adraf Olaf cyning of +tam lande. & geahnode him +tet land.
<R 1029.1>
Her com Cnut cyng eft ham to Englalande.
<R 1030.1>
Her com Olaf cyng eft into Norwegum. & +tet folc gegaderode
him togeanes. & him wi+d gefuhton. & he wear+d +t+ar ofslagen.
<R 1031.1>
Her for Cnut cyng to Rome. & +ty ilcan geare he for to
Scotlande. & Scotta cyng him tobeah M+alcolm. & 
<P 159>
twegen o+dre cyningas. M+alb+a+te. & Iehmarc.
<R 1031.3>
(\Rodbertus comes obiit in peregrinatione. et successit rex
Willelmus in puerili +atate\) .
<R 1032.1>
Her on +tissum geare atywde +t+at wildefyr. +de nan mann +aror
nan swylc ne gemunde. & gehw+ar hit derode
eac on manegum stowum.
<R 1032.3>
& on +tam ilcan geare for+dferde +Alfsige biscop on
Winceastre. & +Alfwine +t+as cynges preost feng +t+arto.
<R 1033.1>
Her on +tisum geare for+dferde Merehwit biscop on Sumers+aton.
& he is bebyrged on Gl+astingabyrig.
<R 1034.1>
Her for+dferde +A+deric biscop.
<R 1036.1>
Her for+dferde Cnut cyng +at Sceaftesbyrig. & he is bebyrged
on Winceastre on Ealdan mynstre.
<R 1036.2>
& he w+as cyng ofer eall Englaland swy+de neh xx wintra.
<R 1036.3>
& sona +after his forsi+de w+as ealra witena gemot on
Oxnaforda. & Leofric eorl & m+ast ealle +ta +tegenas 
benor+dan Temese. & +ta li+dsmen on Lunden. gecuron Harold
to healdes ealles Englalandes. him & his 
bro+dor Hardacnute +te w+as on Denemearcon.
<R 1036.7>
& Godwine eorl. & ealle +ta yldestan menn on West Seaxon.
lagon ongean 
<P 161>
swa hi lengost mihton. ac hi 
ne mihton nan +ting ongean wealcan.
<R 1036.10>
& man ger+adde +ta +t+at +Alfgifu Hardacnutes modor s+ate on
Winceastre mid +t+as cynges huscarlum hyra suna. 
& heoldan ealle West Seaxan him to handa. & Godwine eorl
w+as heora healdest mann.
<R 1036.13>
Sume men s+adon be Harolde +t+at he w+are Cnutes sunu cynges.
& +Alfgiue +Alfelmes dohtor ealdormannes. ac 
hit +tuhte swi+de ungeleaflic manegum mannum. & he w+as
+t+ah full cyng ofer eall Englaland.
<R 1037.1>
Her man dr+afde ut +Alfgife Cnutes cynges lafe. seo w+as
Hardacnutes cynges modor.
<R 1037.2>
& heo gesohte +ta Baldewines gri+d be su+dan s+a. & he geaf
hire wununge on Bricge. & he hi mundode. & 
heold +ta hwile +te heo +t+ar w+as.
<R 1038.1>
Her for+dferde +A+delnod arcebiscop on (\kalend+a Novembris\) .
& +t+as ymbe litel +A+delric biscop on Su+d Seaxum. 
& +ta toforan Cristes m+assan Brihteh biscop on
Wigraceastrescire. & ra+de +t+as +alfric biscop on East Englum.
<R 1038.4>
& +ta feng Eadsige biscop to +tam arcebiscoprice. & Grymcytel
to +dam on Su+d Sexum. & Liuing biscop to
Wigraceastrescire. & to Gleawcestrescire.
<R 1039.1>
Her for+dferde Harold cyng on Oxnaforda on (\xvi kalend+a
Aprilis\) . & he w+as bebyrged +at West mynstre.
& he weolde Englalandes iiii gear & xvi wucan.
<R 1039.3>
& on his dagum man geald xvi scipan +at +alcere hamulan
viii marc. eall swa man +ar dyde on Cnutes
cynges dagum.
<R 1039.5>
& on +tis ilcan geare com Hardacnut cyng to Sandwic vii
nihtum +ar middan sumera.
<R 1039.6>
& he w+as sona underfangen ge fram Anglum ge fram Denum. +teah
+te his r+ades menn hit sy+d+don strange forguldon. 
+da hi ger+adden +tet man geald lxii scipon +at
+alcere hamelan viii marc.
<R 1039.9>
& on +tis ilcan geare eode se s+aster hw+ates to lv penega
& eac fur+dor.
<R 1040.1>
Her w+as +tet heregeold gel+ast. +t+at w+aron xxi +tusend
<P 163>
punda. and xcix punda. & mann geald sy+d+dan xxxii 
scipon xi +tusend punda & xlviii punda.
<R 1040.3>
& On +dis ilcan geare com Eadward +A+delredes sunu cinges
hider to lande of Weallande. se w+as Hardacnutes 
cynges bro+dor, hi w+aron begen +Alfgiues suna. seo w+as
Ricardes dohtor eorles.
<R 1041.1>
Her for+dferde Hardacnut cyng +at Lambhy+de on (\vi idus
Iunii\) . & he w+as cyng ofer eall Englaland twa 
gear buton x nihtum. & he is bebyrged on Ealdan mynstre on
Winceastre mid Cnute cynge his f+ader.
<R 1041.4>
& ear +tan +te he bebyrged w+are. eall folc geceas Eadward to
cynge on Lundene. healde +ta hwile +te him
God unne.
<R 1041.6>
& eall +t+at gear w+as swi+de hefig time on manegum +tingum. &
mislicum. ge on unw+aderum. ge on eor+dw+astmum.
<R 1041.8>
& swa mycel orfes w+as +t+as geares forfaren. swa nan man +ar
ne gemunde. +ag+der ge +turh mistlice co+da ge 
+turh ungewyderu.
<R 1041.10>
On +tis ilcan tyme for+dferde [{+Alfsine{] abbot of Burh. &
man ceas +ta Arnwi munec to abbod. for+tan +te he 
w+as swi+de god man & swi+de bilehwit.
<R 1042.1>
Her w+as +A+dward gehalgod to cyng on Winceastre on +asterd+ag
mid mycclum wur+dscipe. & +ta w+aron Eastron
on (\iii Non+a Aprilis\) .
<R 1042.3>
Eadsige arcebiscop hine halgode. & foran eallum folce hine
well l+arde. & to his agenre neode. & ealles 
folces well monude.
<R 1042.4>
& Stigand preost w+as gebletsod to biscope to East Englum.
<R 1042.5>
& ra+de +t+as se cing let geridan ealle +ta land +te his modor
ahte him to handa. & nam of hire eall +t+at
heo ahte on golde & on seolfre. & on unasecgendlicum +tingum.
for+tan heo hit heold to feste wi+d hine.
<R 1043.1>
Her Eadsige arcebiscop forlet +tet biscoprice for his
untrumnisse. 
<P 164>
& bletsode +t+ar to Siward abbot of
Abbandune to biscope be +t+as cynges l+afe & r+ada. &
Godwines eorles.
<R 1043.3>
hit w+as elles feawum mannum cu+d +ar hit gedon w+as. for+tan
se arcebiscop wende +t+at hit sum o+der mann 
abiddan wolde o+d+de gebicgean. +te he his wyrs truwude and
u+de. gif hit ma manna wiste.
<R 1043.7>
& On +tisum w+as swy+de mycel hungor ofer Englaland. & corn
swa dyre swa nan mann +ar ne gemunde. swa +t+at se 
<P 165>
sester hw+ates eode to lx penega. & eac fur+dor.
<R 1043.9>
& +t+as ylcan geares se cyng for ut to Sandwic mid xxxv
scipon.
<R 1043.10>
& +A+delstan cyriceweard feng to +dam abbotrice +at Abbandune.
& Stigand feng to his biscoprice.
<R 1043.1>
Her nam +Adward cyng Godwines dohtor eorles him to cwene.
<R 1043.2>
& on +tis ilcan geare for+dferde Brihtwold biscop. & he heold
+t+as biscoprices xxxviii wintra. & Hereman 
+tes cynges preost feng to +tam biscoprice.
<R 1043.4>
& on +tysum geare man halgode Wulfric to abbot +at Sancte
Augustine to Cristes m+assan on Stephanes m+assed+ag 
be +tes cynges gel+afan & +Alfstanes abbotes for his
mycelre untrumnysse.
<R 1044.1>
Her for+dferde Liuing biscop on Defenascire. & Leofric feng
+t+arto se w+as +t+as cynges preost.
<R 1044.2>
And on +tisum ilcan geare for+dferde +Alfstan abbot +at Sancte
Augustine (\iii non+a IVLII\) . & on +tis ilcan 
geare wear+d aflemed ut Osgot Clapa.
<R 1045.1>
Her for+dferde Grymkytel biscop on Su+d Sexum. & feng Heca
+des cynges preost +t+arto.
<R 1045.2>
And on +tysum geare for+dferde 
<P 166>
+Alfwine biscop on Winceastre.
on (\iiii kalend+a Septembris\) . & feng Stigand 
biscop benor+dan +t+arto.
<R 1045.4>
& on +dam ilcan geare ferde Swegen eorl ut to Baldewines lande
to Brycge, & wunode +t+ar ealne winter.
& wende +ta to sumere ut.
<R 1046.1>
(\Bellum apud Uallium Dunas.\)
Her for+dferde +A+telstan abbot on Abbandune. and feng
Spearhafoc munuc to of Sancte Eadmundesbyrig.
<R 1046.3>
& on +tis ilcan geare for+dferde Siward biscop. & feng Eadsige
arcebiscop eft to eallum +tam biscop rice.
<R 1046.4>
& on +tis ilcan geare comon to Sandwic. Lo+den & Yrling mid
xxv scipon. & namon +t+ar unasecgendlice 
herehu+de. on mannum & on golde & on seolfre, +tet nan man
nyste hw+at +t+as ealles wes.
<R 1046.8>
& wendon +ta onbuton Tenet. & woldon +t+ar +tet ilce don. ac
+tet landfolc hardlice wi+dstodon. & forwerndon 
heom +ag+der ge upganges ge w+ateres.
<R 1046.10>
& aflymdon hi +tanon mid ealle. & hi wendon heom +tanon to
East Seaxan. & hergodon +t+ar & namon menn. 
& swa hw+at swa hi findan mihtan.
<R 1046.12>
& gewendon him +ta 
<P 167>
east to Baldewinesland. & sealdon +t+ar
+tet hi gehergod h+afdon. & ferdon heom sy+d+don 
east +tanon +te hi +ar comon.
<R 1046.15>
Her on +tisum geare w+as se myccla syno+d +at Sancte Remei.
<R 1046.16>
+d+ar w+as on Leo se papa. & se arcebiscop of Burgundia. & se
arcebiscop of Bysincun. & se arcebiscop 
of Treueris. & se arcebiscop of Remis. & manig mann +t+arto ge
hadode ge l+awede.
<R 1046.18>
& Edward cyng sende +tider Dudocc biscop. & Wilfric abbot of
Sancte Augustine. & Elfwine abbot. +t+at 
hi sceolden +tam cynge cy+dan hw+at +t+ar to Cristendome
gecoren w+are.
<R 1046.21>
& on +tis ylcan geare ferde Eadward 
<P 168>
cyng ut to Sandwic mid
mycclan sciphere. & com Swegn eorl in mid
vii scipon to Bosenham. & gri+dode wi+d +tone cyng.
<R 1046.25>
& behet man him +t+at he moste wur+de [{beon{] +alc +t+ara
+tinga +te he +ar ahte.
<R 1046.26>
+da wi+dl+ag Harold eorl his bro+dor & Beorn eorl, +t+at he ne
moste beon nan +t+ara +tinga wur+de +te se cyng
him geunnen h+afde. ac sette man him iiii nihta gri+d to
his scipon.
<R 1046.29>
+da wear+d hit under +tam +tet +tam cynge com word +t+at        
unnfri+d
scipa l+agen bewestan and hergodon.
<R 1046.30>
+da [{gewende{] Godwine eorl west onbuton mid +tes cynges
ii scipum. +tam anan steorde Harold eorl. & +tam 
o+dran Tostig his bro+dor. & landesmanna scipa xlii.
<R 1046.33>
+ta scyfte man Harold eorl up +t+as cynges scipe +te Harold
eorl +ar steorde. +ta gewendon hi west to Peuenesea. 
& l+agen +t+ar wederfeste.
<R 1046.35>
+ta +tes binnon ii dagum. +ta com Swegen eorl +tider. &
spec wi+d his feder & wi+d Beorn eorl. & bed Beorn 
+t+at he sceolde faran mid him to +dam 
<P 169>
cynge to Sandwic. &
fylstan him to +t+as cynges freondscipe. 
& he +t+as ti+dode.
<R 1046.39>
gewendon heom +ta swylce hi woldon to +dam cynge.
<R 1046.40>
+da amang +tam +te hi ridon. +ta b+ad Swegen hine +tet he
sceolde faran mid him to his scipon. tealde +t+at
his sciperes woldon w+andon fram him buton he +te ra+dor
come.
<R 1046.43>
Hi gewendon +ta begen +t+ar his scipu l+agen.
+ta hi +tyder comon. +ta b+ad Swegen eorl hine +t+at he
sceolde gewendon mid him to scipe.
<R 1046.45>
he forweornde swi+de. swa lange o+d his sciperes gefengon
hine. & wurpon hine on +tone bat. & bundon hine. 
& reowan to scipe. & dydon hine +t+ar on.
<R 1046.47>
tugon +ta up heora segel. & urnon west to Axamu+dan. & h+afdon
hine mid heom. o+d +tet hi ofslogon hine.
& namon +tone lichaman. & bebyrgedon innan anre cyrican.
<R 1046.50>
& comon +ta his freond & litsmen of Lundene. & namon hine up.
& feredon hine to Winceastre to 
<P 171>
Ealdanmynstre. & he is +t+ar byrged wi+d Cnut cyng his eam.
<R 1046.53>
& Swegen gewende +ta east to Baldewineslande. & s+at +t+ar
ealne winter on Brycge mid his fullan gri+de.
<R 1046.55>
& on +tam ylcan geare for+dferde Eadno+d biscop benor+dan. &
sette man Ulf to biscop.
<R 1047.1>
Her on +tisum geare w+as mycel gemot on Lundene to midfestene.
& man sette ut ix litsmanna scipa. &
fif belifan wi+d +aftan.
<R 1047.4>
& on +tysum ilcan geare com Swegen eorl into Englalande.
<R 1047.5>
& on +tysum ilcan geare w+as se mycele sino+d on Rome. &
Eadward cyng sende +tider Hereman biscop. & Ealdred 
biscop. & hi comon +tyder on Easter+afen.
<R 1047.7>
& eft se papa h+afde sino+d on Uercel. & Vlf biscop com
+t+arto. & forneah man sceolde tobrecan his stef, 
gif he ne sealde +te mare gersuman. for+dan he ne cu+de don
his gerihte swa wel swa he sceolde.
<R 1047.10>
& on +tisum geare for+dferde Eadsige arcebiscop (\iiii
kalend+a Novembris\) .
<R 1048.1>
Her on +tisum geare Eadward cyng gesette Rodbyrd on Lundene to
arcebiscop to Cantwarabyrig on Lengtene. 
& +t+as sylfan Lentenes he for to Rome +after his pallium.
<R 1048.3>
& se cyng 
<P 172>
geaf +tet biscoprice on Lundene Sparhafoc abbot of
Abbandune. & se cyng geaf [{+t+at{] abbotrice 
Ro+dulfe biscop his m+age.
<R 1048.5>
+da com se arcebiscop fram Rome ane d+age +ar sanctus Petrus
m+asse+afene. & ges+at his arcebiscop stol +at 
Cristescyrcean on sanctus Petrus m+assed+ag. & sona +t+as to
+tam cyng gew+ande.
<R 1048.8>
+da com Sparhafoc abbod be [{wege{] to him mid +t+as cynges
gewrite & insegle. to +tan +tet he hine hadian 
sceolde to biscop into Lundene. +ta wi+dcwe+d se arcebiscop. &
cw+a+d +tet se papa hit him forboden h+afde.
<R 1048.11>
+ta gewende se abbod ongean +tone arcebiscop eft to +dam, &
+t+ar +tes biscophades gernde. & se arcebiscop 
him anr+adlice forwernde. & cw+a+d +tet se papa hit him
forboden h+afde.
<R 1048.14>
+da gewende se abbod to Lundene. & s+at on +tam biscoprice +te
se cyng him +ar geunnan h+afde be his fulre 
leafe ealne +tone sumor & +tone h+arfest.
<R 1048.18>
& com +ta Eustatius fram geondan s+a sona +after +tam biscop.
& gewende to +dam cynge. & sp+ac wi+d hine +t+at 
+t+at he +ta wolde. & gewende +ta hamweard.
<R 1048.20>
+ta he com to Cantwarbyrig east +ta sn+adde he +t+ar & his
menn. & to Dofran gewende.
<R 1048.21>
+da he w+as sume mila o+d+de mare beheonan Dofran. +ta dyde he
on his byrnan. & his geferan ealle. & foran to Dofran.
<R 1048.23>
+ta hi +tider comon. +ta woldon hi innian hi +t+ar heom sylfan
gelicode.
<R 1048.25>
+ta com an his manna. & wolde wician +at anes bundan huse his
un+dances. & gewundode +tone husbundon. &
se husbunda ofsloh +tone o+derne.
<R 1048.27>
+da wear+d Eustatius uppon his horse. & 
<P 173>
his gefeoran uppon
heora & ferdon to +tam husbundon. & ofslogon 
hine binnan his agenan heor+d+a.
<R 1048.29>
& wendon him +ta up to +t+are burgeweard. & ofslogon +ag+der
ge wi+dinnan ge wi+dutan. ma +tanne xx manna. 
& +ta burhmen ofslogon xix menn on o+dre healfe. &
gewundoden +t+at hi nystan hu fela.
<R 1048.33>
& Eustatius +atb+arst mid feawum mannum. & gewende ongean to
+tam cynge. & cydde be d+ale hu hi gefaren
h+afdon.
<R 1048.35>
& wear+d se cyng swi+te gram wi+d +ta burhware. & ofs+ande se
cyng Godwine eorl. & b+ad hine faran into Cent 
mid unfri+da to Dofran. for+tan Eustatius h+afde gecydd
+tam cynge +tet hit sceolde beon mare gylt +t+are 
burhwaru +tonne his.
<R 1048.38>
ac hit n+as na swa. & se eorl nolde na ge+dw+arian +t+are
infare. for+tan him w+as la+d to amyrrene his agenne folga+d.
<R 1048.41>
+da sende se cyng +after eallon his witan. & bead heom cuman
to Gleaweceastre neh +t+are +aftre sancte Maria m+assan.
<R 1048.43>
+ta h+afdon +ta welisce menn gewroht +anne castel on
Herefordscire 
<P 174>
on Swegenes eorles folgo+de. & wrohten 
+alc +t+ara harme. & bismere +t+as cynges mannan +t+ar
abutan +te hi mihton.
<R 1048.46>
+da com Godwine eorl & Swegen eorl & Harold eorl tog+adere +at
Byferesstane. & manig mann mid heom. to
+don +t+at hi woldon faran to heora cynehlaforde. & to +tam
witan eallon +te mid him gegaderode w+aron. 
+t+at hi +t+as cynges r+ad h+afdon & his fultum. & ealra
witena. hu hi mihton +t+as cynges bismer awrecan &
ealles +teodscipes.
<R 1048.51>
+da w+aron +ta w+alisce men +atforan mid +tam cynge. &
forwregdon +da eorlas. +tet hi ne moston cuman on his 
eagon gesih+de. For+dan hi s+adon +t+at hi woldon cuman
+tider for +tes cynges swicdome.
<R 1048.54>
W+as +t+ar cuman Siward eorl & Leofric eorl. & mycel folc mid
heom nor+tan to +tam cynge. & w+as +tam eorle 
Godwine & his sunan gecydd +t+at se cyng & +ta menn +te mid
him w+aron. woldon r+adon on hi. & hi trymedon 
hi f+astlice ongean. +t+ah him la+d w+are +t+at hi ongean
heora cynehlaford standan sceoldan.
<R 1048.59>
+da ger+adden +ta witan on +ag+der halfe +t+at man +da +alces
yfeles geswac. & geaf se cyng Godes gri+d & his
fulne freondscipe on +ag+dre healfe.
<R 1048.63>
+da ger+adde se cyning & his witan +t+at man sceolde o+dre
sy+dan habban ealra gewitena gemot on Lundene 
to h+arfestes emnihte.
<R 1048.65>
& het se cyning bannan ut here. +ag+der ge besu+dan Temese ge
benor+dan eall +t+at +afre betst w+as.
<R 1048.66>
+da cw+a+d man Swegen eorl utlah. & stefnode man Godwine eorle
& Harolde eorle to +ton gemote swa ra+de 
swa hi hit gefaran mihton.
<R 1048.68>
+ta hi +tider ut comon [^TORONTO CORPUS: utcomon^] . +ta 
stefnede heom man to gemote. +ta
gyrnde he gri+des & gisla. +tet he moste unswican 
into gemote cuman. & ut of gemote.
<R 1048.71>
+da gyrnde se cyng ealra +t+ara +tegna +te +ta eorlas +ar
h+afdon. & hi letan hi ealle him to handa.
<R 1048.73>
+ta sende se cyng eft to heom. & bead heom +t+at hi 
<P 175>
comon mid xii mannum into +t+as cynges r+ade.
<R 1048.74>
+ta geornde se eorl eft gri+des & gisla. +t+at he moste hine
betellan +at +alc +t+ara +tinga +te him man on lede.
<R 1048.76>
+ta wyrnde him mann +dera 
<P 176>
gisla. & sceawede him mann v
nihta gri+d ut of lande to farenne [^TORONTO CORPUS: 
tofarenne^] .
<R 1048.78>
& gewende +ta Godwine eorl & Swegen eorl to Bosenham & scufon
ut heora scipu. & gewendon heom begeondan 
s+a. & gesohton Baldewines gri+d. & wunodon +t+ar ealne
+tone winter.
<R 1048.81>
& Harold eorl gewende west to Yrlande. & w+as +t+ar ealne
+tone winter on +tes cynges gri+de.
<R 1048.82>
& sona +t+as +te +tis w+as. +ta forlet se cyng +ta hl+afdian.
seo w+as gehalgod him to cwene. & let niman of
hire eall +t+at heo ahte. on lande. & on golde. & on seolfre
& on eallon +tingon. & bet+ahte hy his swyster to Hwerwillon.
<R 1048.87>
& Sparhafoc abbod wear+d +da adrifen ut of +tam biscoprice 
<P 177>
on Lundene. & wes Willelm +t+as cynges preost
gehadod +t+arto.
<R 1048.89>
& man sette +ta Oddan to eorle ofer Defenascire. & ofer
Sumers+aton. & ofer Dorseton. & ofer Wealas. 
& mann sette +Alfgar Leofrices sunu eorles +dane eorldom on
handa +te Harold +ar ahte.


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q O4 NN HIST CHRONE2>
<N CHRON E LATE>
<A X>
<C O4>
<O 1050-1150>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>

<P 205>
<R 1070.1>
Her se eorl Wal+teof gri+dede wi+d +tone cyng. & +t+as on
lengten se cyng let hergian ealle +ta mynstra +te
on Englalande w+aron.
<R 1070.3>
+ta on +tam ilcan geare com Swegn cyng of Denmarcan into
Humbran. & +t+at landfolc comen him ongean & gri+dedon 
wi+d hine w+andon +t+at he sceolde +tet land ofergan.
<R 1070.6>
+ta comen into Elig [{Cristien{] +ta Densce biscop & Osbearn
eorl & +ta Densca huscarles mid heom.
<R 1070.7>
& +tet Englisce folc of eall +ta feonlandes comen to heom.
wendon +t+at hi sceoldon winnon eall +t+at land.
<R 1070.9>
+ta herdon +ta munecas of Burh s+agen +t+at heora agene menn
wolden hergon +tone mynstre, +t+at w+as Hereward & his genge.
<R 1070.11>
+t+at w+as for+dan +tet hi herdon s+acgen +tet se cyng heafde
gifen +t+at abbotrice an Frencisce abbot Turolde 
w+as gehaten. & +t+at he w+as swi+de styrne man. & w+as
cumen +ta into Stanforde mid ealle hise Frencisce menn.
<R 1070.14>
+ta w+as +t+are an cyrceweard Yware w+as gehaten. nam +ta be
nihte eall +tet he mihte. +tet w+aron Cristes bec 
& m+asse hakeles & cantelcapas & reafes & swilce litles
hwat. swa hwat swa he mihte.
<R 1070.17>
& ferde sona +ar d+ag to +tone abbot Turolde & s+agde him
+t+at he sohte his gri+de. & cydde him hu +ta utlages 
sceolden cumen to Burh. +t+at he dyde eall be +t+are
munece r+ade.
<R 1070.20>
+ta sona on morgen comen ealle +ta utlaga mid fela scipe, &
woldon into +tam mynstre. & +ta munecas wi+dstoden 
+t+at hi na mihton incumen.
<R 1070.22>
+ta l+agdon hi fyr on. & forb+arndon ealle +ta munece huses &
eall +ta tun buton ane huse.
<R 1070.24>
+ta comen hi +turh fyre in +at Bolhi+de geate. & +ta munecas
comen heom togeanes. beaden heom gri+d, ac hi 
na rohten na +ting.
<R 1070.26>
geodon into +te mynstre. clumben upp to +te halge rode. namen
+ta +te kynehelm of ure Drihtnes heafod eall 
of smeate golde. namen +ta +tet fotspure +te w+as
undern+a+den his fote. +t+at w+as eall of read golde.
<R 1070.29>
Clumben upp to +te stepel. brohton dune +t+at h+acce +te +t+ar
w+as behid. hit w+as eall of gold & of seolfre. 
hi namen +t+are twa gildene scrines & ix seolferne.
<R 1070.32>
& hi namen fiftene mycele roden. ge of golde ge of seolfre.
<R 1070.33>
hi namen +t+are swa mycele gold & seolfre & swa manega
gersumas on sceat & on scrud & on bokes swa nan 
man ne m+ai o+der t+allen. s+agdon +t+at hi hit dyden for
+des 
<P 207>
mynstres holdscipe.
<R 1070.36>
Sy+d+don geden heom to scipe. ferden heom to Elig, bet+ahtan
+t+ar +ta ealla +ta g+arsume;
<R 1070.37>
+ta Denesc+a menn w+andon +t+at hi sceoldon ofercumen +ta
Frencisca men. +ta todrefodon ealle +ta munekes. 
beleaf +t+ar nan butan an munec he w+as gehaten Leofwine
lange. he l+ai seoc in +ta secr+aman in.
<R 1070.41>
+da com Turold abbot & +ahte si+te twenti Frencisce men mid
him & ealle fullwepnode.
<R 1070.42>
+ta he +tider com +ta fand he forb+arnd wi+dinnan & wi+dutan.
eall butan +ta cyrece ane.
<R 1070.44>
+ta w+aron +ta utlagas ealle on flote. wistan +t+at he scolde
+tider cumen.
<R 1070.45>
+tis w+as don +t+as d+ages (\iiii Non+a Iunii\) .
+ta twegen kyngas Willelm & Sw+agn wur+don s+ahtlod. +ta
ferdon +ta D+anesca menn ut of Elig mid ealle +ta 
forenspr+acena g+arsume & l+addon mid heom.
<R 1070.48>
+ta hi comen on middewarde +te s+a. +ta com an mycel storm &
todr+afede ealle +ta scipe +t+ar +ta gersumes w+aron 
inne. sume ferdon to Norw+age. sume to Yrlande. sume to
D+anmarce.
<R 1070.51>
& eall +t+at +tider com +t+at w+as +tone h+acce & sume scrine
& sume roden & fela of +ta o+dre g+arsume. & brohten 
hit to an cynges tun hatte. & dyden hit eall +ta in +tone
cyrce.
<R 1070.54>
+da sy+d+don +turh heora gemelest & +turh heora druncenhed on
an niht forb+arnde +ta cyrce. & eall +tet +t+ar
inn+a w+as.
<R 1070.56>
+dus w+as se mynstre of Burch forb+arnd & forh+argod.
<R 1070.57>
+almihtig God hit gemiltse +turh his mycele mildhertnesse.
<R 1070.58>
And +tus se abbot Turolde ccm to Burh. & +ta munecas comen +ta
ongean. & dydan Cristes +teudom in +t+are 
cyrce. +t+at +ar h+afde standen fulle seofeniht forutan +alces
cynnes riht.
<R 1070.61>
+da herde +Agelric biscop +tet gesecgon. +ta amansumede he
ealle +ta men +ta +t+at yfel d+ade h+afden don.
<R 1070.62>
+da w+as mycel hunger +t+as geares.
<R 1070.63>
& +ta +t+as sumeres com +tet li+d nor+dan of Humbran into
T+amese. & lagon +t+ar twa niht. & heoldan sy+d+don 
to D+anmercan.
<R 1070.65>
And Baldewine eorl for+dferde. & his sunu Arnulf feng to rice.
<R 1070.66>
& Willelm eorl sceolde ben his geheald. & Franca cyng eac. &
com +ta Rodbriht eorl & ofsloh his m+ag 
Arnulf. & +tone eorl. & +tone cyng aflymda. and his menn
ofsloh fela +tusenda.
<R 1071.1>
Her +Adwine eorl & Morkere eorl uthlupon & mislice ferdon on
wudu & on felda.
<R 1071.2>
+da gewende Morkere eorl to Elig on scipe. And Eadwine eorl
wear+d ofslagen 
<P 208>
arhlice fram his agenum mannum.
<R 1071.4>
& com se biscop Egelwine. & Siward Bearn. & fela hund manna
mid heom into Elig.
<R 1071.6>
& +ta +te se cyng Willelm +t+at geaxode. +ta bead he ut
scipfyrde & landfyrde. & +tet land abutan s+at. & 
brycge gewrohte. & inn for. & seo scipfyrde on +ta s+ahealfe.
<R 1071.8>
& +ta utlagan +ta ealle on hand eodan. +t+at w+as Egelwine
biscop. & Morkere eorl. & ealle +ta +te mid heom 
w+aron buton Herewarde ane.
<R 1071.10>
& ealle +ta +te mid him woldon. & he hi ahtlice utl+adde.
<R 1071.11>
& se cyng genam scipa & w+apna & sceattas manega. & +ta men he
ateah swa swa he wolde. & +tone biscop 
Egelwine he sende to Abbandune. & he +t+ar for+dferde sona
+t+as wintres.
<R 1072.1>
Her Willelm cyng l+adde scipfyrde & landfyrde to Scotlande. &
+t+at land on +ta s+ahealfe mid scipum ymbel+ag. 
& his landfyrde +at +tam Gew+ade innl+adde. & he +t+ar
naht ne funde +t+as +te him +te bet w+are.
<R 1072.4>
& se cyng Melcolm com & gri+dede wi+d +tone cyng Willelm &
gislas sealde. & his man w+as.
<R 1072.6>
& se cyng ham gewende mid ealre his fyrde.
& se biscop Egelric for+dferde. he w+as to biscop hadod to
Eoferwic. ac hit w+as mid unrihte him ofgenumon.
<R 1072.8>
& man geaf him +t+at biscoprice on Dunholme. & he heafde hit
+ta hwile +te he wolde. 
<P 209>
& forlet hit sy+d+dan. 
& ferde to Burch to sancte Petres mynstre. & +t+ar
drohtnode xii gear.
<R 1072.11>
+da +after +tam +te Willelm cyng gewan Englalande. +ta nam he
hine of Burch & sende hine to Westmynstre.
<R 1072.13>
& he for+dferde on (\IDus Octobris\) . & he is bebyrged +t+ar
innan +tam mynstre. innon sanctus Nicolaus portice.
<R 1073.1>
On +tisum geare Willelm cyng l+adde Engliscne here & Frencisce
ofer s+a. & gewan +t+at land Mans.
<R 1073.2>
& hit Englisce men swy+de amyrdon. wingear+das hi fordydon. &
burga forb+arndon. & swi+de +tet land amyrdon. 
& hit eall abegdon Willelme to handa.
<R 1073.5>
& hi sy+d+don ham gewendon to Englalande.
<R 1074.1>
On +tisum geare for Willelm cyng ofer s+a to Normandig. 
<P 210>
& Eadgar cild com of Scotland to Normandige.
<R 1074.2>
& se cyng hine geinlagode. & ealle his men. & he w+as on +tes
cynges hyrede. & nam swilce gerihta swa
se cyng him geu+de.
<R 1075.1>
On +tisum geare Willelm cyng geaf Raulfe eorle Willelmes
dohtor Osbearnes sunu. & se ylca Raulf w+as 
Bryttisc on his moderhealfe. & his f+ader w+as Englisc Raulf
hatte. & w+as geboren on Nor+dfolc.
<R 1075.4>
+ta geaf se cyng his sunu +tone eorldom on Nor+dfolc. &
Su+dfolc. +ta l+adde he +t+at wif to Nor+dwic.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<R 1075.9>
+d+ar w+as Roger eorl. & Wal+teof eorl. & biscopas & abbotes.
& r+addon +t+ar swa +t+at hi woldon +tone cyng gesettan ut of 
<P 211>
Englelandes cynedome.
<R 1075.11>
& hit wear+d sona gecydd +tam cynge to Normandige hu hit w+as
ger+ad. +t+at w+as Roger eorl. & Raulf eorl.
+te w+aron yldast to +dam unreode. & hi speonan +ta Bryttas
heom to. & sendon east to Denmearcan +after
sciphere heom to fultume.
<R 1075.15>
& Roger ferde west to his eorldome. & gegaderode his folc to
+t+as cynges un+tearfe. ac he wear+d gelet.
<R 1075.17>
& Raulf eac on his eorldome wolde for+dgan mid his folce. ac
+ta castelmen +te w+aron on Englalande & eac 
+t+at landfolc him togeanes comen. & gemacodon +t+at he
naht ne dyde. ac for to scipe +at Nor+dwic.
<R 1075.20>
& his wif w+as innan +tam castele. & hine heold swa lange
+t+at man hire gri+d sealde. & heo ut ferde +ta
of Englalande. & ealle hire men +te hire mid woldon.
<R 1075.23>
& se cyng si+d+dan com to Englalande. & genam Roger eorl his
m+ag. & gefestnode hine. & Wal+teof eorl he genam eac.
<R 1075.26>
& sona +after +tam comon eastan of Denmearcan cc scipa. &
+t+ar on w+aron tw+agen heafodmenn. Cnut Sw+agnes 
sunu. & Hacun eorl. & hi ne dorstan nan gefeoht healdan
wi+d Willelm 
<P 212>
cynge. ac heoldon ofer s+a to Flandran.
<R 1075.30>
& Eadgi+d seo hl+afdig for+dferde on Winceastre vii nihton
+ar Cristes m+assan. & se cyng hi let bryngan 
to Westmynstre mid mycclan wur+dscipe. & l+agde hi wi+d
Eadward kyng hire hlaforde.
<R 1075.34>
& se w+as on Westmynstre +tone midewinter. & man fordyde +t+ar
ealle +ta Bryttas +te w+aron +at +tam brydealo+d +at Nor+dwic.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<R 1076.1>
On +tisum geare for+dferde Sw+agn cyng on D+anmercan. & Harold
his sunu feng to +te kynerice.
<R 1076.3>
& se cyng geaf Westmynster Vithele abbode se w+as +ar 
<P 213>
abbod on
B+arnege. & Wal+teof eorl wes beheafdod 
on Winceastre. & his lic wear+d gelead to Crulande.
<R 1076.6>
& se cyng for ofer s+a. & l+adde his fyrde to Brytlande. &
beset +tone castel Dol.
<R 1076.7>
& +ta Bryttas hine heoldon +t+at se cyng com of Francland. &
Willelm +tanon for. & +t+ar forleas +ag+der ge
men ge hors. & feola his gersuma.
<R 1077.1>
Her on +tisum geare wurdon s+ahte Franca cyng & Willelm
Englalandes cyng. ac hit heold litle hwile.
<R 1077.3>
& +des geares forbarn Lundenburh anre nihte +ar (\Assumptio
sancte Mari+a\) swa swy+de swa heo n+afre +ar n+as
sy+d+tan heo gestabeled w+as.
<R 1077.6>
And on +tisum geare for+dfyrde +Agelwig abbod on Euesham on
+tam d+age (\xiv kalend+a Marcii\) . And Hereman
biscop eac for+dferde on +tam d+age (\x kalend+a Marcii\) .
<R 1079.1>
On +tisum geare com Melcolm cyng of Scotlande into Englelande
betwyx +tam twam Mariam m+assan mid mycclum 
fyrde. & gehergode Nor+dhymbraland o+d hit com to Tine. 
<P 214>
& ofsloh feala hund manna. & ham l+adde manige 
sceattas. & gersuma. & menn on heftninge.
<R 1079.6>
And +ti ilcan geare se cyng Willelm gefeaht togeanes his sunu
Rotbearde wi+dutan Normandige be anum castele 
Gerborne+d hatte. & se cyng Willelm wear+d +t+ar
gewundod. & his hors ofslagen +te he on s+at. & eac 
his sunu Willelm wear+d +t+ar gewundod. & fela manna
ofslagene.
<R 1080.1>
On +tisum geare w+as se biscop Walchere ofslagen on Dunholme
+at anum gemote. & an hund manna mid him
Frencisce & Flemisce. & he sylf w+as on Hlo+deringa geboren.
+tis dydon Nor+dhymbran on Maies mon+de.
<R 1081.1>
ON +tisum geare se cyng l+adde fyrde into Wealan. & +t+ar
gefreode fela hund manna.
<R 1082.1>
Her nam se cyng Odan biscop. & her w+as mycel hungor.
<R 1083.1>
On +tisum geare aras seo ungehw+arnes on Gl+astingabyrig
betwyx +tam abbode +turstane. & his munecan.
<R 1083.2>
+arest hit com of +t+as abbotes unwisdome. +t+at he misbead
his munecan on fela +tingan.
<R 1083.4>
& +da munecas hit m+andon lufelice to him. & beadon hine +t+at
he sceolde healdan hi rihtlice. & lufian
hi. & hi woldon him beon holde. & gehyrsume.
<R 1083.6>
Ac se abbot nolde +t+as naht. ac dyde heom yfele. & beheot
heom wyrs.
<R 1083.8>
Anes d+ages +te abbot eode into capitulan. & spr+ac uppon +ta
<P 215>
munecas. & wolde hi mistukian.
<R 1083.9>
& sende +after l+awede mannum. & hi comon into capitulan on
uppon +ta munecas full gewepnede. & +ta w+aron 
+ta munecas swi+de aferede of heom. nyston hwet heom to
donne w+are.
<R 1083.12>
Ac toscuton [^PLUMMER AND TORONTO CORPUS: to scuton^] . sume 
urnon into cyrcean. & belucan +ta duran
into heom. & hi ferdon +after heom into +tam 
mynstre. & woldon hig utdragan. +ta+da hig ne dorsten na
utgan.
<R 1083.15>
Ac reowlic +ting +t+ar gelamp on d+ag. +t+at +ta Frencisce men
br+acen +tone chor & torfedon tow+ard +tam weofode 
+t+ar +da munecas w+aron. & sume of +dam cnihtan ferdon
uppon +tone uppflore. & scotedon adunweard mid 
arewan toweard +tam haligdome. swa +t+at on +t+are rode +te
stod bufon +tam weofode sticodon on m+anige arewan.
<R 1083.20>
& +ta wreccan munecas lagon onbuton +tam weofode. & sume
crupon under. & gyrne cleopedon to Gode his 
miltse biddende. +ta +ta hi ne mihton nane miltse +at mannum
begytan.
<R 1083.23>
Hw+at magon we secgean. buton +t+at hi scotedon swi+de. & +ta
o+dre +da dura br+acon +t+ar adune & eodon inn.
<R 1083.25>
& ofslogon sume +ta munecas to dea+de. & m+anige gewundedon
+t+arinne. swa +t+at +det blod com of +dam weofode 
uppon +tam gradan. & of +dam gradan on +ta flore.
<R 1083.28>
+treo +t+ar w+aron ofslagene to dea+de. & eahteteone
gewundade.
<R 1083.30>
& on +t+as ilcan geares for+dferde Mahtild Willelmes cynges
cwen. on +tone d+ag +after ealra halgena m+assed+ag.
<R 1083.32>
And on +tes ylcan geares +after midewintre se cyng let beodan
mycel gyld & hefelic ofer eall Englaland. 
+t+at w+as +at +alcere hyde twa & hund seofenti peanega.
<R 1084.1>
Her on +disum geare for+dferde Wulfuuold abbod on Ceortesege.
on +tam d+age (\xiii kalend+a Mai\) .
<R 1085.1>
On +tisum geare menn cwydodon & to so+dan s+adan. +t+at Cnut
cyng of Denmearcan Sw+agnes sune cynges fundade 
hiderward. & wolde gewinnan +tis land mid Rodbeardes
eorles fultume of Flandran. for+dan +te Cnut 
heafde Rodbeardes dohter.
<R 1085.5>
+da Willelm Englalandes cyng +te +ta w+as sittende on
Normandige. for+dig he ahte +ag+der ge Englaland ge 
Normandige. +tis geaxode. he ferde into Englalande mid swa
mycclan here ridendra manna. & gangendra 
of Francrice and of Brytlande. swa n+afre +ar +tis land ne
gesohte. swa +t+at menn wundredon 
<P 216>
hu +tis land mihte eall +tone here afedan.
<R 1085.10>
Ac se cyng let toscyfton +tone here geond eall +tis land to
his mannon. & hi f+addon +tone here +alc be his landefne.
<R 1085.12>
& men heafdon mycel geswinc +t+as geares. & se cyng lett
awestan +t+at land abutan +ta s+a. +tet gif his feond 
comen upp. +t+at hi n+afdon na on hwam hi fengon swa
r+adlice.
<R 1085.15>
Ac +ta se cyng geaxode to so+dan +t+at his feond gel+atte
w+aron. & ne mihten na gefor+dian heora fare. +ta
lett he sum +tone here faren to heora agene lande. & sum he
heold on +tisum lande ofer winter.
<R 1085.19>
+da to +tam midewintre w+as se cyng on Gleaweceastre mid his
witan. & heold +t+ar his hired v dagas. &
sy+d+dan +te arcebiscop & gehadode men h+afden sino+d +treo
dagas.
<R 1085.20>
+d+ar w+as Mauricius gecoren to biscop on Lundene. & Willelm
to Nor+dfolce & Rodbeard to Ceasterscire. 
hi w+aron ealle +t+as cynges clerecas.
<R 1085.23>
+after +tisum h+afde se cyng mycel ge+teaht. & swi+de deope
sp+ace wi+d his witan ymbe +tis land hu hit w+are 
gesett. o+d+de mid hwylcon mannon.
<R 1085.26>
Sende +ta ofer eall Englaland into +alcere scire his men. &
lett agan ut hu fela hundred hyda w+aron innon 
+t+are scire. o+d+de hwet se cyng him sylf h+afde landes.
& orfes innan +tam lande. o+d+de hwilce geriht+a 
he ahte to habbanne to xii mon+tum of +d+are scire.
<R 1085.30>
Eac he lett gewritan hu mycel landes his arcebiscops h+afdon.
& his leodbiscops. & his abbods. & his
eorlas. & +teah ic hit lengre telle. hw+at o+d+de hu mycel
+alc mann h+afde +te landsittende w+as innan Englalande. 
on lande. o+d+de on orfe. & hu mycel feos hit w+are
wur+d.
<R 1085.35>
Swa swy+de nearwelice he hit lett utaspyrian. +t+at n+as an
+alpig hide. ne an gyrde landes. ne fur+don, 
hit is sceame to tellanne. ac hit ne +tuhte him nan sceame to
donne. an oxe. ne an cu. ne an swin. n+as 
belyfon. +t+at n+as ges+at on his gewrite.
<R 1085.39>
& ealle +ta gewrita w+aron gebroht to him sy+d+dan.
<R 1085.41>
Her se cyng b+ar his corona & heold his hired on Winceastre to
+tam Eastran. & swa he ferde +t+at he w+as 
to +tam Pentecosten +at W+astminstre. & dubbade his sunu
<P 217>
Henric to ridere +t+ar.
<R 1085.44>
Sy+d+dan he ferde abutan swa +t+at he com to Lamm+assan to
Searebyrig. & +t+ar him comon to his witan. and
ealle +ta landsittende men. +te ahtes w+aron ofer eall
Engleland. w+aron +t+as mannes men +te hi w+aron.
<R 1085.48>
& ealle hi bugon to him. & weron his menn. & him holda+das
sworon +t+at hi woldon ongean ealle o+dre men 
him holde beon.
<R 1085.50>
+danon he ferde into Wiht. for+tig he wolde faran into
Normandige & swa dyde sy+d+dan.
<R 1085.51>
And +teah he dyde +arest +after his gewunan. begeat swi+de
mycelne sceatt of his mannan +t+ar he mihte +anige 
teale tohabban o+d+de mid rihte o+d+de elles.
<R 1085.54>
Ferde +ta sy+d+dan into Normandige. & Eadgar +A+teling
+Adwardes m+ag cynges beah +ta fram him for+tig he n+afde 
na mycelne wur+dscipe of him. ac se +almihtiga God him
gife wur+dscipe on +tam toweardan.
<R 1085.57>
& Cristina +t+as +a+delinges swuster beah into mynstre to
Rumesege. & underfeng halig rest.
<R 1085.60>
& +t+as ilcan geares w+as swi+de hefelic gear. & swi+de
swincfull & sorhfull gear innan Englelande on orfcwealme. 
& corn. & w+astmas w+aron +atstandene.
<R 1085.62>
& swa mycel ungelimp on w+aderunge. swa man naht +a+delice
ge+tencean ne m+ag. swa stor +tunring. & l+agt 
wes. swa +t+at hit acwealde manige men. & aa hit wyrsode mid
mannan swi+dor & swi+dor.
<R 1085.65>
Gebete hit God elmihtiga. +tonne his willa sy.
<R 1086.1>
+after ure Drihtnes H+alendes Cristes gebyrtide. an +tusend
wintra & seofan & hundeahtatig wintra. on 
+tam an & twentigan geare +t+as +te Willelm weolde & stihte
Engleland swa him God u+de. gewear+d swi+de hefelic 
and swi+de wold berendlic gear on +tissum lande.
<R 1086.5>
Swylc co+de com on mannum. +t+at fullneah +afre +te o+der man
wear+d on +tam wyrrestan yfele. +tet is on +dam
drife. & +tet swa stranglice. +t+at m+anige menn swulton on
+dam yfele.
<R 1086.8>
Sy+d+dan com +turh +ta mycclan ungewiderunge +te comon swa we
beforan tealdon. swy+de mycel hungor ofer eall 
Engleland. +t+at manig hundred manna earmlice dea+de
swulton +turh +tone hungor.
<R 1086.11>
Eala hu earmlice & hu reowlic 
<P 218>
tid w+as +da.
<R 1086.12>
+da +da wrecc+a men l+agen fordrifene fullneah to dea+de. &
sy+d+dan com se scearpa hungor & adyde hi mid ealle.
<R 1086.15>
Hwam ne m+ag earmian swylcere tide?
o+d+de hwa is swa heardheort +t+at ne m+ag wepan swylces
ungelimpes?
<R 1086.16>
Ac swylce +ting gewur+da+t for folces synna +t+at hi nella+d
lufian God & rihtwisnesse.
<R 1086.18>
Swa swa hit w+as +ta on +dam dagum. +t+at litel rihtwisnesse
w+as on +tisum lande mid +anige menn. buton mid 
munecan ane +t+ar +t+ar hi w+all ferdon.
<R 1086.20>
Se cyng & +ta heafodmen [^PLUMMER AND TORONTO CORPUS: 
heafod men^] lufedon swi+de & oferswi+de gitsunge.
on golde. & on seolfre. & ne rohtan hu 
synlice hit w+are begytan buton hit come to heom.
<R 1086.23>
Se cyng sealde his land swa deore to male. swa heo deorost
mihte.
<R 1086.24>
+donne com sum o+der & bead mare +tonne +te o+der +ar sealde.
& se cyng hit lett +tam menn +te him mare bead.
<R 1086.26>
+donne com se +tridde. & bead geat mare. & se cyng hit let
+tam men to handa +te him eallra meast bead.
& ne rohte na hu swi+de synlice +ta gerefan hit begeatan of
earme mannon. ne hu manige unlaga hi dydon.
<R 1086.29>
Ac swa man swy+dor sp+ac embe rihte lage. swa mann dyde mare
unlaga.
<R 1086.30>
hy arerdon unrihte tollas. & manige o+dre unriht hi dydan. +te
sindon earfe+te to areccenne.
<R 1086.33>
Eac on +dam ilcan geare +atforan h+arfeste forbarn +t+at
halige mynster sancte Paule +te biscopstol on Lundene. 
& m+anige o+dre mynstres. & +t+at m+aste d+al & +t+at
rotteste ealle +t+are burh.
<R 1086.35>
Swylce eac on +dam ilcan timan forbarn fullneah +alc
heafodport on eallon Englelande.
<R 1086.37>
Eala reowlic & wependlic tid w+as +t+as geares. +te swa manig
ungelimp w+as for+dbringende.
<R 1086.39>
Eac on +tam ilcan geare toforan (\Assumptio sancte Marie\) for
Willelm cyng of Normandige into France mid 
fyrde. & hergode uppan his agenne hlaford Philippe +tam
cynge.
<R 1086.41>
& sloh of his mannon mycelne d+al. & forbearnde +ta burh
Ma+dante. & ealle +ta halige mynstres +te w+aron
innon +t+are burh. & twegen halige menn +te hyrsumedon Gode
on ancersettle wuniende. +t+ar w+aron forbearnde.
<R 1086.46>
+dissum +tus gedone. se cyng Willelm cearde ongean to
Normandige.
<R 1086.47>
Reowlic +ting he dyde. & reowlicor him gelamp.
<R 1086.48>
Hu reowlicor?
him geyfelade. & +t+at him stranglice eglade.
<P 219>
<R 1086.49>
Hw+at m+ag ic teollan?
Se scearpa dea+d +te ne forlet ne rice menn. ne heane. seo
hine genam.
<R 1086.50>
He swealt on Normandige on +tone nextan d+ag +after natiuitas
sancte Marie. & man bebyrgede hine on Ca+tum 
+at sancte Stephanes mynstre. +arer he hit ar+arde. &
sy+d+dan m+anifealdlice gegodade.
<R 1086.54>
Eala hu leas & hu unwrest is +tysses middaneardes wela.
<R 1086.55>
Se +te w+as +arur rice cyng. & maniges landes hlaford. he
n+afde +ta ealles landes buton seofon fot m+al.
& se +te w+as hwilon gescrid mid golde. & mid gimmum. he l+ag
+ta oferwrogen mid moldan.
<R 1086.59>
He l+afde +after him +treo sunan. Rodbeard het se yldesta. se
w+as eorl on Normandige +after him. se o+der 
het Willelm. +te b+ar +after him on Engleland +tone
kinehelm. Se +tridda het Heanric. +tam se f+ader becw+a+d 
gersuman unateallendlice.
<R 1086.63>
Gif hwa gewilnige+d to gewitane hu gedon mann he w+as. o+d+de
hwilcne wur+dscipe he h+afde. o+d+de hu fela 
lande he w+are hlaford. +donne wille we be him awritan swa swa
we hine ageaton. +de him on locodan. & 
o+dre hwile on his hirede wunedon.
<R 1086.68>
Se cyng Willelm +te we embe speca+d w+as swi+de wisman. &
swi+de rice. & wur+dfulre and strengere +tonne +anig 
his foregenga w+are.
<R 1086.70>
He w+as milde +tam godum mannum +te God lufedon. & ofer eall
gemett stearc +tam mannum +te wi+dcw+adon his
willan.
<R 1086.72>
On +dam ilcan steode +te God him geu+de +t+at he moste
Engleland gegan. he arerde m+are mynster. & munecas 
+t+ar ges+atte. & hit w+all gegodade.
<R 1086.74>
On his dagan w+as +t+at m+are mynster on Cantwarbyrig
getymbrad. & eac swi+de manig o+der ofer eall Englaland.
<R 1086.76>
Eac +tis land w+as swi+de afylled mid munecan. & +ta leofodan
heora lif +after sanctus Benedictus regule.
<R 1086.78>
& se Cristendom w+as swilc on his d+age +t+at +alc man hw+at
his hade to belumpe. folgade se +te wolde.
<R 1086.80>
Eac he w+as swy+de wur+dful. +triwa he b+ar his cynehelm +alce
geare. swa oft swa he w+as on Englelande.
<R 1086.81>
On Eastron he hine b+ar on Winceastre. on Pentecosten on
Westmynstre. on midewintre on Gleaweceastre.
<R 1086.83>
& +t+anne w+aron mid him 
<P 220>
ealle +ta rice men ofer eall
Englaland. arcebiscopas. & leodbiscopas. abbodas 
& eorlas. +tegnas & cnihtas.
<R 1086.85>
Swilce he w+as eac swy+de stearc man & r+a+de. swa +t+at man
ne dorste nan +ting ongean his willan don.
<R 1086.87>
He h+afde eorlas on his bendum. +te dydan ongean his willan.
<R 1086.88>
Biscopas he s+atte of heora biscoprice. & abbodas of heora
abbodrice. & +t+agnas on cweartern. & +at nextan 
he ne sparode his agenne bro+dor. Odo het.
<R 1086.90>
he w+as swi+de rice biscop on Normandige. on Baius w+as his
biscopstol. & w+as manna fyrmest to eacan +tam cynge.
<R 1086.92>
& he h+afde eorldom on Englelande. & +tonne se cyng [{w+as{]
on Normandige. +tonne w+as he m+agest on +tisum lande.
<R 1086.94>
& hine he s+atte on cweartern.
<R 1086.95>
Betwyx o+drum +tingum nis na to forgytane +t+at gode fri+d +te
he macode on +tisan lande. swa +t+at an man +te 
him sylf aht w+are. mihte faran ofer his rice mid his bosum
full goldes ungederad. & nan man ne dorste 
slean o+derne man. n+afde he n+afre swa mycel yfel gedon
wi+d +tone o+derne.
<R 1086.99>
& Gif hwilc carl man h+amde wi+d Wimman hire un+dances. sona
he forleas +ta limu +te he mid pleagode.
<R 1086.102>
He rixade ofer Engl+aland. & hit mid his geapscipe swa
+turhsmeade. +t+at n+as an hid landes innan Engl+alande. 
+t+at he nyste hwa heo h+afde. o+d+de hw+as heo wur+d
w+as. & sy+d+dan on his gewrit ges+att.
<R 1086.105>
Brytland him w+as on gewealde. & he +t+ar inne casteles
gewrohte. & +tet Manncynn mid ealle gewealde.
<R 1086.107>
Swilce eac Scotland he him under+t+adde. for his mycele
streng+te.
<R 1086.108>
Normandige +t+at land w+as his gecynde.
& ofer +tone eorldom +te Mans is gehaten he rixade.
<R 1086.109>
& Gif he moste +ta gyt twa gear libban. he h+afde Yrlande mid
his werscipe gewunnon. & wi+dutan +alcon w+apnon.
<R 1086.111>
Witodlice on his timan h+afdon men mycel geswinc. & swi+de
manige teonan.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 221>
<R 1086.139>
+das +ting we habba+d be him gewritene. +ag+der ge gode ge
yfele. +t+at +ta godan men niman +after +teora godnesse. 
& for leon mid ealle yfelnesse. & gan on +done weg. +te
us lett to heofonan rice.
<R 1086.143>
Fela +tinga we magon writan +te on +dam ilcan geare gewordene
w+aron.
<R 1086.144>
Swa hit w+as on Denmearcan. +t+at +ta D+anescan +te w+as +arur
geteald eallra folca [^TORONTO CORPUS: golca^] getreowast. 
wurdon awende to +t+are meste untriw+de. & to +tam m+asten
swicdome +te
+afre mihte gewur+dan.
<R 1086.147>
Hi gecuron & abugan to Cnute cynge. & him a+das sworon. &
sy+d+dan hine earhlice ofslogon innan anre cyrcean.
<R 1086.149>
Eac wear+d on Ispanie +t+at +ta h+a+denan men foran & hergodan
uppon +tam Cristenan mannan. & mycel abegdan 
to heora anwealde.
<R 1086.151>
Ac se Cristena cyng, Anphos w+as gehaten, he 
<P 222>
sende ofer eall
into +alcan lande. & gyrnde fultumes. & 
him com to fultum of +alcen lande +te Cristen w+as, & ferdon &
ofslogon & aweg adrifan eall +tet h+a+dena
folc. & gewunnon heora land ongean. +turh Godes fultum.
<R 1086.156>
Eac on +tisan ilcan lande on +tam ilcan geare. for+dferdon
manega rice men. Stigand biscop of Ciceastre. 
& se abbod of sancte Augustine. & se abbod of Ba+don. &
+te of Perscoran. & +da heora eallra hlaford 
Willelm Engl+alandes cyng. +te we +ar beforan embe sp+acon.
<R 1086.160>
+after his dea+de his sune. Willelm h+at eallswa +te f+ader.
feng to +tam rice & wear+d gebletsod to cynge
fram Landfrance arcebiscop on Westmynstre. +treom dagum +ar
Michaeles m+assed+ag. & ealle +ta men on Englalande 
him to abugon. & him a+das sworon.
<R 1086.164>
+disum +tus gedone. se cyng ferde to Winceastre. & sceawode
+t+at madmehus. & +ta gersuman +te his f+ader 
+ar gegaderode.
<R 1086.166>
+ta w+aron unasecgendlice +anie men hu mycel +t+ar w+as
gegaderod. on golde & on seolfre. & on faton. & on 
p+allan. & on gimman. & on manige o+dre deorwur+de +tingon.
+te earfo+de sindon to ateallene.
<R 1086.169>
Se cyng dyde +ta swa his f+ader him bebead +ar he dead w+are.
d+alde +ta gersuman for his f+ader saule. to
+alcen mynstre +te wes innan Englelande to suman mynstre
x marc goldes. to suman vi & to +alcen cyrcean 
uppe land lx p+anega. & into +alcere scire man
seonde hundred punda feos. to d+alanne earme mannan 
for his saule.
<R 1086.174>
& +ar he for+dferde he bead +t+at man sceolde unlesan ealle
+ta menn +te on h+aftnunge w+aron under his anwealde.
<R 1086.176>
& se cyng w+as on +dam midewintre on Lundene.
<R 1087.1>
On +tisum geare w+as +tis land swi+de astirad. & mid mycele
swicdome afylled. swa +t+at +ta riceste Frencisce 
men +te weron innan +tisan lande. wolden swican heora
hlaforde +tam cynge. & woldon habban his bro+der 
to cynge Rodbeard +te w+as eorl on Normandige.
<R 1087.5>
On +tisum r+ade w+as +arest Oda biscop. & Gosfri+d biscop. &
Willelm biscop on Dunholme.
<R 1087.6>
Swa w+all dyde se cyng be +tam biscop. +t+at eall Englaland
f+arde +after his r+ade. & swa swa he wolde. &
he +tohte to donne be him eall swa Iudas Scarioth dyde be ure
Drihtene.
<R 1087.9>
& Rogere eorl w+as eac +at +tam unr+ade. & 
<P 223>
swi+de mycel folc
mid heom ealle Frencisce men. & +t+as unr+ad w+ar+d 
ger+ad innan +tam lengtene.
<R 1087.11>
Sona swa hit com to +tam Eastron. +ta ferdon hi & hergodon &
b+arndon & aweston +t+as cynges feorme hames. 
& eallra +t+ara manna land hi fordydon +te w+aron innan
+t+as cynges holdscipe.
<R 1087.14>
& heora +alc ferde to his castele. & +tone mannoden & metsoden
swa hig betst mihton.
<R 1087.16>
Gosfri+d biscop & Rodbeard a Mundbr+ag ferdon to Bricgstowe &
hergodon & brohton to +tam castele +ta hergunge. 
& sy+d+don foron ut of +dam castele & hergodon Ba+don.
& eall +t+at land +t+ar abutan. & eall Beorclea 
hyrnesse hi aw+aston.
<R 1087.19>
& +da men +te yldest w+aron of Hereforde. & eall +teo scir
for+d mid. & +ta men of Scrobscyre mid mycele 
folce of Brytlande comon & hergodon & b+arndon on
Wi+dreceastrescire for+d +t+at hi comon to +tam porte sylfan. 
& woldon +ta +d+ane port b+arnen. & +t+at mynster
reafian. & +t+as cynges castel gewinnan heom to handa.
<R 1087.24>
+das +ting geseonde se arwur+da biscop Wlstan. wear+d swi+de
gedrefed on his mode. for+dig him w+as bet+aht
+te castel to healdene.
<R 1087.26>
+teah hwe+der his hiredmen [^PLUMMER AND TORONTO CORPUS: 
hired men^] ferdon ut mid feawe mannan of +tam
castele. & +turh Godes mildheortnisse & 
+turh +t+as biscopas geearnunga ofslogon & gel+ahton fif
hundred manna. & +ta o+dre ealle aflymdon.
<R 1087.29>
Se biscop of Dunholme dyde to hearme +t+at he mihte ofer eall
be nor+dan.
<R 1087.30>
Roger het an of heom. se hleop into +tam castele +at Nor+dwic.
& dyde git eallra w+arst ofer eall +t+at land.
<R 1087.32>
Hugo eac an +te hit ne gebette nan +ting. ne innan
L+agreceastrescire. ne innan Nor+dhamtune.
<R 1087.34>
+de biscop Odo +te +tas +tyng of awocan ferde into Cent to his
eorldome. & fordyde hit swy+de. & +t+as cynges 
land. & +t+as arcebiscopas mid ealle aweston. & brohte
eall +t+at god into his castele on Hrofeceastre.
<R 1087.37>
+da +te cyng undergeat ealle +tas +ting. & hwilcne swicdom hi
dydon toweard his. +ta wear+d he on his mode swi+de gedrefed.
<R 1087.39>
sende +ta +after Englisce mannan. & heom fores+ade his neode.
& gyrnde heora fultumes.
<R 1087.40>
& behet heom +ta betsta laga +ta +afre +ar w+as on +tisan
lande. & +alc [{unriht{] geold he forbead. & geatte
mannan heora wudas. and sl+atinge. ac hit ne stod nane hwile.
<R 1087.42>
Ac Englisce men swa +teah fengon to +tam cynge heora hlaforde
on fultume.
<R 1087.43>
Ferdon +ta toweard 
<P 224>
Hrofeceastre. & woldon +tone biscop Odan
begytan. +tohtan gif hi h+afdon hine +te w+as
+arur heafod to +dam unr+ade. +t+at hi mihton +te bet begytan
ealla +ta o+dre.
<R 1087.47>
hi comon +ta to +tam castele to Tonebricge. +ta w+aron innan
+tam castele Oda biscopas cnihtas. & o+dre manige 
+te hine healdon woldan ongean +tone cyng.
<R 1087.50>
Ac +ta Englisce men ferdon. & tobr+acon +tone castel. & +ta
men +te +t+arinne w+aron. gri+dodon wi+d +tone cyng.
<R 1087.51>
Se cyng mid his here ferde toweard Hrofeceastre. & wendon
+t+at se biscop w+are +t+arinne. ac hit wear+d 
+tam cynge cu+d +tet se biscop w+as afaren to +dam castele a
Pefenesea.
<R 1087.54>
& se cyng mid his here ferde +after. & bes+att +tone castel
abutan. mid swi+de mycele here fulle six wucan.
<R 1087.57>
Betwyx +tissum se eorl of Normandige Rodbeard +tes cynges
bro+der gaderode swi+de mycel folc. & +tohte to 
gewinnane Engleland mid +t+ara manna fultume +te w+aron
innan +tisan lande ongean +tone cyng. & he sende 
of his mannan to +tisum lande. & wolde cuman himsylf +after.
<R 1087.61>
Ac +ta Englisce men +te w+ardedon +t+are s+a. gel+ahton of
+tam mannon. & slogon. & adrengton ma +tonne +anig
man wiste to tellanne.
<R 1087.64>
Sy+d+dan heom ateorede mete wi+dinnan +tam castele. +da
[{gyrndon{] hi gri+das. & agefan hine +tam cynge.
<R 1087.65>
& se biscop swor +t+at he wolde ut of Englelande faran. & na
mare cuman on +disan lande butan se cyng 
him +after sende. & +t+at he wolde agifan +tone castel on
Hrofeceastre.
<R 1087.68>
Ealswa se biscop ferde & sceolde agifan +tone castel. & se
cyng sende his men mid him.
<R 1087.70>
+da arisan +ta men +te w+aron innan +tam castele. & namon
+tone biscop & +tes cynges men. & dydon hi on h+aftnunge.
<R 1087.72>
Innan +tam castele w+aron swi+de gode cnihtas. Eustatius +te
iunga. & Rogeres eorles +treo sunan. & ealle 
+ta betstboren men. +te w+aron innan +tisan lande. o+d+de on
Normandige.
<R 1087.75>
+da se cyng undergeat +tas +ting. +ta ferde he +after mid +tam
here +te he +d+ar h+afde. & sende ofer eall Englalande. 
& bead +t+at +alc man +te w+are unni+ding sceolde
cuman to him, Frencisce & Englisce. of porte & of uppelande.
<R 1087.78>
Him com +ta mycel folc to. & he for [{to{] Hrofeceastre. &
bes+att +tone castel. o+d+det hi gri+dedon +t+a +t+ar
inne w+aron. & +tone castel ageafon.
<R 1087.81>
Se biscop Odo mid +tam mannum +te innan +tam castele 
<P 225>
w+aron ofer s+a ferdon. & se biscop swa forlet +tone
wur+dscipe +te he on +tis land h+afde.
<R 1087.83>
Se cyng sy+d+dan sende here to Dunholme. & let besittan +tone
castel. & se biscop gri+dode and ageaf +tone 
castel. & forlet his biscoprice. & ferde to Normandige.
<R 1087.86>
Eac manige Frencisce men forleton heora land. & ferdon ofer
s+a. & se cyng geaf heora land +tam mannum 
+te him holde w+aron.


<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 239>
<R 1105.1>
On +tisum geare to Natiuite+d heold se cyng Heanrig his hired
+at Windlesoran.
<R 1105.2>
& +t+ar+after to +tam lengtene he for ofer s+a into Normandig
uppon his bro+der Rotbert eorl.
<R 1105.3>
& onmang +tam +te he +t+ar wunode he gewann of his bro+der
Ca+tum & Baius. & m+ast ealle +ta castelas & +ta 
heafodmen +t+ar on lande him wurdon under+teodde. & se
sy+d+dan to herfest eft ongean hider to lande com.
<R 1105.7>
& +t+at he on Normandig gewunnen h+afde. sy+d+dan on sibbe &
him gebygle wunode. butan +ta +te +tam eorle Willelme 
of Mortoin ahw+ar neah wunedon. +ta he 
<P 240>
gelomlice gesw+ancte swa he swi+dost mihte. for his landlyre 
her on lande.
<R 1105.11>
And +ta toforan Cristes m+assan com Rotbert de B+alesme hider
to lande to +tam cynge.
<R 1105.13>
+dis w+as swi+de gedyrfsum gear her on lande +turh w+astma
forwordenessa. & +turh +ta m+anigfealde gyld +te 
n+afre ne geswican +ar se cyng oferfore. & +ta hwile +te he
+t+ar w+as. & eft sy+d+dan he ongean com.
<R 1106.1>
Her on +tison geare w+as se cyng Henrig to Natiuite+d on
Westmynstre. & +t+ar his hired heold.
<R 1106.2>
& uppon +t+are tide Rotbert de B+alesme mid unsehte fram +tam
cynge ut of +tison lande into Normandige for.
<R 1106.5>
+da her +after onforan l+angtene w+as se cyng +at
Nor+dhamtune. & se eorl Rotbert his bro+der of Normandig
+tyder to him com.
<R 1106.7>
& for+tam se cyng him nolde agifan +t+at +te he on Normandige
uppon him genumen h+afde. hi mid unsehte tohwurfon. 
& se eorl ferde ofer se sona eft ongean.
<R 1106.10>
On +t+are forman l+angten wucan on +tone Friged+ag (\i xiiii
kalend+a Marcii\) on +afen +atywde an ungewunelic 
steorra. & lange stunde +t+ar+after w+as +alce +afen gesewen
hwile scinende.
<R 1106.12>
Se steorra +atywde innon +t+at su+dwest. he w+as litel
ge+tuht. and deorc. ac se leoma +te him fram stod w+as 
swi+de beorht. & swilce orm+ate beam ge+tuht nor+deast
scinende.
<R 1106.15>
& sumne +afen w+as ges+awen swilce se beam ongeanweardes wi+d
+tes steorran ward fyrcliende w+are.
<R 1106.17>
Gehwylce s+adon +t+at hig ma on +tison timon uncu+dra steorra
gesawon. ac we hit openlicor ne awriton. for+tam 
+te we hit sylfe ne sawon.
<R 1106.19>
On +ta niht +te on morgen w+as (\Cena Domini\) . +t+at is se
+tunresd+ag toforan Eastran. w+aron gesewen twegen 
monan on +t+are heofonan toforan +tam d+age o+der beeastan.
& se o+der be westan begen fulle. & +t+as ylcan 
d+ages w+as se mona xiiii.
<R 1106.23>
To Eastran w+as se cyng +at Ba+dan. & to Pentecosten +at
Searbyrig. for+tam +te he nolde on his fundunge 
ofer s+a hired healdan.
<R 1106.25>
+d+ar +after toforan August ferde se cyng ofer s+a into
Normandig. & ealle m+ast +te +t+ar on lande w+aron him 
on his willan to gebugon. wi+duton Rotbert de B+alesme. &
+tam eorle of Moretoin. & feawa o+dre of +tam 
heafodmannan +te mid +tam eorle of Normandige +te gyt
heoldan.
<R 1106.29>
& for+tan se cyng sy+d+dan mid fyrde for. & bes+at +t+as
eorles +anne castel of Moretoin Tenercebrai 
<P 241>
hatte.
<R 1106.31>
Onmang +tam +te se cyng +tone castel bes+at. com se eorl
Rotbert of Normandig on sancte Michaeles m+asse+afen 
uppon +tone cyng mid his fyrde. & mid him Rotbert de
B+alesme. & Willelm eorl of Moretoin. & ealle 
+ta +te mid heom woldan.
<R 1106.34>
Ac seo streong+de & se sige wear+d +t+as cynges.
<R 1106.35>
+d+ar wear+d se eorl of Normandig gefangen. & se eorl of
Moretoin. & Rotbert de Stutteuile. & to Englalande 
sy+d+dan gesende. & on h+aftne+de gebrohte.
<R 1106.38>
Rotbert de B+alesme +t+ar wear+d aflymed. & Willelm Crispin
gel+aht. & manige for+d mid.
<R 1106.39>
Eadgar +a+teling +te litle +ar fram +tam cynge to +tam eorle
w+as gefaren +t+ar w+as eac gefangen. +tone let se 
cyng sy+d+dan sacleas faran.
<R 1106.41>
Sy+d+dan geeode se cyng eall +t+at on Normandige w+as. & hit
on his willan & geweald gesette.
<R 1106.43>
+dises geares eac w+aron swi+de hefige & sinlice gewinn betwux
+tam Casere of Sexlande & his sunu. & onmang 
+tam gewinnan se f+ader for+dferde. & se sunu feng to
+tam rice.
<R 1107.1>
On +tisum geare to Cristes m+assan w+as se cyng Henri on
Normandig. & +t+at land on his geweald dihte. &
sette.
<R 1108.1107>
& +t+ar+after to l+angtene hider to lande com. & to Eastran
his hired on Windlesoran heold. & to Pentecosten 
on Westminstre.
<R 1107.4>
& sy+d+dan eft to Augustes anginne on Westmynstre w+as. &
+t+ar +ta biscopricen & abbodricen geaf. & sette. 
+te on Englelande o+d+de on Normandige buton ealdre & hyrde
[{w+aron{] .
<R 1107.7>
+dera w+aron swa fela swa nan man n+as +te gemvnde +t+at +afre
+ar swa fela tog+adere gyfene w+aron.
<R 1107.10>
& +at +tes ylcan sy+de. onmang +ta o+d+dre +te abbodrices
underfengon. Ernulf +te +ar w+as prior on Cantwarbyrig 
feng to +tam abbodrice on Burh.
<R 1107.12>
+dis w+as rihtlice ymbe vii gear +t+as +te se cyng Henri
cynedomes onfeng. & w+as +t+at an and fowertige+de 
gear +t+as +te Francan +tyses landes weoldan.
<R 1107.14>
Manege s+adon +tet hi on +tam monan +tyses geares mistlice
tacna gesawon. & ongean cynde his leoman wexende & waniende.
<R 1107.17>
+dises geares for+dferdon. Mauricius biscop on Lunden. &
Rotbert abbod on sancte Eadmundes byrig. & Ricard 
abbod on Elig.
<R 1107.19>
+dises geares eac for+dferde se cyng Eadgar on Scotlande
(\IDus Ianuarii\) . & feng Alexander his bro+der
to +tam rice swa se cyng Henri him geu+de.
<P 242>
<R 1108.1>
Her on +tisum geare wes se cyng Henri to Natiuite+d on
Westmynstre. & to Eastron on Winceastre. & to
Pentecosten eft on Westmynstre. & +t+ar+after toforan Augusti
he ferde into Normandig.
<R 1108.5>
& se cyng of France Philippus for+dferde (\Non+a Augusti\) . &
feng his sunu Lo+dewis to +tam rice.
<R 1108.6>
& wurdon sy+d+don manege gewinn betwux +tam cynge of France &
+tam of Englelande. +ta hwile +te he on Normandig wunode.
<R 1108.9>
On +tisum geare eac for+dferde se arcebiscop Girard of
Eoferwic toforan Pentecosten. & wear+d sy+d+dan Thomas 
+t+arto gesett.
<R 1109.1>
Her on +tison geare w+as se cyng Henri to Cristes m+assan &
to Eastron on Normandig. & toforan Pentecosten 
hider to lande com. & his hired on Westmynstre heold.
<R 1109.4>
+d+ar wurdon +ta forewearda fullworhte. & +ta a+das gesworene
his dohter +tam Casere to gifene.
<R 1109.6>
+dises geares gewurdon swi+de fela +tunra. & +ta swi+de
+ageslice.
<R 1109.7>
And se arcebiscop Ansealm of Cantwarabyrig for+dferde on +tam
d+age (\xi kalend+a Aprilis\) . & w+as se forma 
Easterd+ag on (\Letania maior\) .
<R 1110.1>
On +tisum geare heold se cyng Henri his hired to
Cristesm+assan +at Westmynstre. & to Eastron he w+as +at 
M+arlebeorge. & to Pentecosten forman si+te his hired on
+tam niwan Windlesoran heold.
<R 1110.5>
+dises geares sende se cyng toforan l+angtene his dohter mid
m+anigfealdan madman ofer s+a. & hi +tam Casere forgeaf.
<R 1110.6>
On +t+are fiftan nihte on Maies mon+de. +atywde se mona on
+afen beorhte scinende. & sy+d+dan litlan & litlan 
his leoht wanode. swa +t+at he sona nihtes to +tam swi+de
mid ealle acwanc. +t+at na+ter ne leoht ne tr+andel 
ne nan +ting mid ealle of him w+as ges+awen.
<R 1110.10>
& swa +turhwunode fullneah o+d d+ag. & sy+d+tan full & beorhte
scinende +atywde. he w+as +t+as ylcan d+ages feowertyne 
nihta eald.
<R 1110.13>
ealle +ta niht w+as seo lyft swi+de clene. & +ta steorran ofer
eall +ta heofon swi+de beorhte scinende. &
treoww+astmas wurdon +t+are nihte +turh forste swi+de
fornumene.
<R 1110.15>
+d+ar +after on Iunies mon+de +atywde an steorra
nor+daneastan. & his leoma stod toforan him on +tet su+dwest. 
& +tus manega niht w+as ges+awen.
<R 1110.17>
& fur+dor nihtes sy+d+dan he ufor astah. he w+as gesewen
onb+ac on +t+at nor+dwest gangende.
<P 243>
<R 1110.20>
+dises geares wurdon bel+ande Philippus de Brause. & Willelm
Mallet. & Willelm Bainart.
<R 1110.22>
Eac +tises geares for+dferde Elias eorl. +te +ta Mannie of
+tam cynge Heanri geheold. & on cweow.
<R 1110.23>
& +after his forsi+de feng to se eorl of Angeow. & hi togeanes
+tam cynge heold.
<R 1110.25>
+dis w+as swi+de gedeorfsum gear her on lande +turh gyld +te
se cyng nam for his dohter gyfte. & +turh ungew+adera. 
for hwan eor+dwestmas wurdon swi+de amyrde. &
treowwestmas ofer eall +tis land forneah eall
forwurdon.
<R 1110.29>
+dises geares me began +arost to weorcenne on +tam niwan
mynstre on Ceortes+age.
<R 1111.1>
On +tison geare ne b+ar se kyng Henri his coronan to Cristes
m+assan. ne to Eastron. ne to Pentecosten.
<R 1111.2>
& innan August he ferde ofer s+a into Normandig. for unsehte
+te wi+d him h+afdon sume be +tam gem+aran of 
France. & swi+dost for +tam eorle of Angeow +te +ta Mannie
togeanes him heold.
<R 1111.5>
and sy+d+dan he +tyder ofer com. manega unrada & b+arnetta &
hergunga hi heom betweonan gedydan.
<R 1111.8>
On +tison geare for+dferde se eorl Rotbert of Flandran. & feng
his sunu Baldewine +t+arto.
<R 1111.10>
+dises geares w+as swi+de lang winter. & hefig tyme. & strang.
& +turh +t+at eor+dw+astmas wurdon swi+de amyrde. 
& gewear+d se m+asta orfcwealm +te +anig mann mihte
gemunan.
<R 1112.1>
Eall +tis gear wunode se cyng Henri on Normandig for +t+are
unsehte +te he h+afde wi+d France. & wi+d +tone
eorl of Angeow +te +ta Mannie togeanes him heold.
<R 1112.3>
& onmang +tam +te he +t+ar w+as. he bel+ande +tone eorl of
Eureus. & Willelm Crispin. & ut of Normandi adraf.
<R 1112.5>
& Philippe de Braus his land ageaf. +te +ar w+as bel+and. &
Rotbert de B+alesme he let niman & on prisune don.
<R 1112.8>
+dis w+as swi+de god gear & swi+de wistfull on wudan & on
feldan. ac hit w+as swi+de hefig tyme & sorhfull 
+turh orm+atne mancwealm.
<R 1113.1>
Her on +tison gear w+as se cyng Henri to Natiuite+d & to
Eastron. & to Pentecosten on Normandig.
<R 1113.2>
& +t+ar+after to 
<P 244>
sumeran he s+ande hider to lande Rotbert de
B+alesme into +tam castele to W+arham. & himsylf 
sona +t+ar+after hider to lande com.
<R 1114.1>
On +tison geare heold se cyng Henri his hyred to Natiuite+d on
Windlesoran. & +t+ar geares sy+d+dan he ne
heold hired nan oftar.
<R 114.4>
And tomiddan sumeran he ferde mid fyrde into Wealon. & +ta
Wyliscean coman & wi+d +tone cyng gri+dedon.
<R 1114.5>
& he let +t+ar inne castelas weorcean. & +t+ar+after innan
Septembris he for ofer s+a into Normandig.
<R 1114.8>
+dises geares on +afteward Mai w+as gesewen an selcu+d steorra
mid langan leoman manege niht scinende.
<R 1114.9>
Eac on +tis ylcan geare w+as swa mycel ebba +aghw+ar anes
d+ages swa nan man +aror ne gemunde. & swa +t+at 
man ferde ridende & gangende ofer T+amese be eastan +t+are
brigge on Lunden.
<R 1114.12>
+tises geares w+aron swi+de mycele windas on Octobris mon+de.
ac he w+as orm+ate mycel on +ta niht Octabris 
sancti Martini. & +t+at gehw+ar on wudan & on tunan gecydde.
<R 1114.16>
Eac on +tisum geare se cyng geaf +tet arcebiscoprice on
Cantwarabyrig Raulfe. se w+as +aror biscop on Hrofeceastre.
<R 1114.17>
And se 
<P 245>
arcebiscop on Eoferwic Thomas for+dferde. & feng
Turstein +t+arto. se w+as +aror +t+as cynges capelein.
<R 1114.20>
On +t+as ylcan tyme feorde se cyng toweard +tone s+a & ofer
wolde. ac w+ader him l+atte.
<R 1114.21>
+ta hwile +ta sende he his writ +after +tone abbod Ernulf of
Burh. & bebead him +t+at he efeostlice scolde 
to him cuman. for+ti +t+at he wolde sprecon mid him d+arne
sprece.
<R 1114.24>
+da he to him com. +ta neodde he him to +tam biscoprice of
Hrofeceastre. & +ta arcebiscopes & biscopes 
& +t+at duge+d +t+at w+as on Englalande for+d mid se cyng.
<R 1114.26>
& he lange wi+dstod. ac hit ne forheol naht.
<R 1114.27>
& se cyng +ta bebead +tone arcebiscop +t+at he sceolde him
l+aden to Cantwarabyrig & bl+atson him to biscop 
wolde he nolde he.
<R 1114.29>
+tis w+as don on +t+are tuna +ta man cleopa+d Burne. +t+at
w+as +tes d+ages (\xvii kalend+a Octobris\) .
<R 1114.30>
+da +te munecas of Burch hit herdon s+agen. +ta w+aron hi swa
sari swa hi n+afre +ar ne w+aron. for+ti +t+at he 
w+as swi+de god & softe man. & dyde mycel to gode wi+dinnan
<P 246>
& wi+dutan. +ta hwile +te he +t+ar wunode.
<R 1114.33>
God +almihtig wunie +afre mid him.
<R 1114.35>
+da sona +t+ar+after +ta geaf se cyng +tone abbodrice an munec
of S+ais Iohan w+as gehaten. +turh +t+as arcebiscop 
gearnunge of Cantwarbyrig.
<R 1114.37>
& sona +t+ar+after sende se cyng him & se arcebiscop of
Cantwarbyrig to Rome +after +tes +arcebiscoppallium. 
& an munec mid him Warner is gehaten. & +tone +arcedi+acne
Iohan +tes arcebiscopes neafe. & hi +t+ar well sp+addon.
<R 1114.40>
+dis w+as don +tes d+ages (\xi kalend+a Octobris\) , on +tone
tuna +te man cleopa+d Rugenore.
<R 1114.41>
& +tes ylces d+ages eode se cyng on scipa on Portesmu+de.
<R 1115.1>
Her w+as se cyng Henri to Natiuite+d on Normandig. & onmang
+tam +te he +t+ar w+as. he dyde +t+at ealle +ta heafodm+an 
on Normandig dydon manr+aden & holda+das his sunu
Willelme +te he be his cwene h+afde.
<R 1115.4>
& +after +tan sy+d+dan innon Iulies mon+de hider into lande
com.
<R 1115.6>
+dises geares w+as swa strang winter mid snawe & mid forste.
swa nan man +te +ta lifode +ar +tan nan strengre 
ne gemunde. & wear+d +turh +t+at ungem+ate orfcwealm.
<R 1115.9>
On +tison geare s+ande se papa Paschalis Raulfe +arcebiscop on
Cantwarabyrig pallium hider to lande. &
he his onfeng mid mycelan wur+dscipe +at his arcestole on
Cantwarabyrig.
<R 1115.11>
Hine brohte Ansealm abbod of Rome se w+as nefa Ansealmes
+arcebiscop. & se abbod Iohan of Burh.
<R 1116.1>
On +tison geare w+as se cyng Henri to Natiuite+d +at sancte
Albane. & +t+ar let +t+at mynster halgian. & to
Eastron on Wudiham.
<R 1116.3>
& Wes eac +tyses geares swi+de hefigtyme winter & strang &
lang. wi+d orf & wi+d ealle +ting.
<R 1116.4>
And se cyng +after Eastron sona ferde ofer s+a into Normandig.
& wurdon manega unrada & r+afunga. & castelas 
genumene betwux France & Normandig.
<R 1116.7>
M+ast +tis unsehte w+as for+tan +te se cyng Henri fylste his
nefan +tam eorle T+adbalde de Blais. +te +ta wyrre 
h+afde togeanes his hlaforde +tam cynge of France
Lo+dewis.
<R 1116.10>
+dis w+as swi+de geswincfull gear & byrstfull on
eor+dw+astman. +turh +ta orm+ate reinas +te coman sona onforan
August. & swi+de gedrehton & geswencton +te gyt +te com
Candelm+assan.
<R 1116.12>
Eac 
<P 247>
+tis gear w+as swa g+asne on m+astene. swa +t+at on eallon
+tison lande. ne eac on Wealon ne gehyrde me of nanan segcean.
<R 1116.14>
+dis land & +tas leodon wurdon eac +tyses geares oftr+adlice
sare geswencte. +turh +ta gyld +te se cyng nam. 
+ag+der ge binnan burgan & butan.
<R 1116.18>
On +tisum ylcan geare b+arnde eall +t+at mynstre of Burh. &
eall+a +ta husas butan se Captelhus & se Sl+apperne. 
& +t+ar to eac b+arnde eall +ta m+aste d+al of +ta
tuna.
<R 1116.20>
Eall +tis belamp on an Frigd+ag. +t+at w+as (\ii Non+a
Augusti\) .
<R 1117.1>
Eall +tis gear wunode se cyng Henri on Normandig. for +tes
cynges unsehte of France & his o+dra nehhebura.
<R 1117.2>
& +ta to +dan sumeran com se cyng of France & se eorl of
Flandra mid him mid fyrde into Normandig. & 
ane niht +t+arinne wunedon. & on morgen butan gefeohte ongean
ferden.
<R 1117.5>
& Normandig wear+d swi+de gedreht. +ag+der ge +turh gyld. ge
+turh fyrde +te se cing Henri +t+ar ongean gaderode.
<R 1117.7>
Eac +teos +teode +turh +tis ylce +turh manigfealde gyld.
wear+d strange geswenct.
<R 1117.8>
+dises geares eac on +t+are nihte (\kalend+a Decembris\)
wurdon orm+atlica w+adera mid +tunre. & lihtinge. &
reine. & hagole.
<R 1117.10>
And on +t+are nihte (\iii idus Decembris\) wear+d se mona
lange nihtes swylce he eall blodig w+are. & sy+d+dan 
a+distrode.
<R 1117.12>
Eac on +t+are nihte (\xvii kalend+a Ianuarii\) w+as seo heofon
swy+de read gesewen. swylce hit bryne w+are.
<R 1117.14>
And on (\Octabus sancti Johannis Evangel+a\) w+as seo mycele
eor+dbyfung on Lumbardige. for hwan manega 
mynstras & turas. & huses gefeollon. & mycelne hearm on mannan
gedydon.
<R 1117.16>
+dis w+as swy+de byrstful gear on corne. +turh +ta renas +te
forneh ealles geares ne geswicon.
<R 1117.19>
And se abbod Gilebert of Westmynstre for+dferde (\viii idus
Decembris\) . And Farits abbod of Abbandune
(\vii kalend+a Martii\) .
<R 1117.20>
And on +tisum ylcan [{geare{] .
<R 1118.1>
Her eall +tis gear wunode se cyng Henri on Normandig. for +tes
cynges wyrre of France. & +t+as eorles of 
Angeow. & +t+as eorles of Flandran.
<R 1118.3>
& se eorl of Flandra war+d innan Normandig gewundod. & swa
gewundod into Flandran for.
<R 1118.4>
+durh +tisra unsehte wear+d se cyng swy+de gedreht. & mycel
forleas. 
<P 248>
+ag+der ge on feoh & eac on lande.
<R 1118.6>
& m+ast hine dryfdon his agene m+an +te him gelome fram bugon.
& swicon. & to his feondan cyrdon. & heom to +t+as cynges
hearme & swicdome heora castelas ageafon.
<R 1118.9>
Eall +tis strange gebohte Englaland. +turh +ta m+anig
fealdlice gyld +te ealles +tises geares ne geswicon.
<R 1118.11>
On +tison geare on +t+are wucon Theophanie w+as anes +afenes
swy+de mycel lihtinge. & ungemetlice sl+age +t+ar+after.
<R 1118.13>
And seo cwen Mahald for+dferde on Westmynstre +t+as d+ages
(\kalend+a Mai\) . & +t+ar w+as bebyrged.
<R 1118.14>
And se eorl Rotbert of Mellent +tises geares eac for+dferde.
<R 1118.16>
Eac on +tison geare to sancte Thomas m+asse. w+as swa swi+de
ungemetlice mycel wind. +t+at nan man +te +ta 
lifode n+anne maran ne gemunde. & +t+at w+as +aghwer geseone.
+ag+der ge on husan. & eac on treowan.
<R 1118.20>
+dises geares eac for+dferde se papa Paschalis. & feng Iohan
of Gaitan to +tam papdome. +tam w+as o+der nama Gelasius.
<R 1119.1>
+dis gear eall wunode se cyng Henri on Normandig. & w+as +turh
+t+as cynges wyrre of France. & eac his agenra 
manna +te him mid swicdome fram w+aron mid abugon. oftr+adlice
[^PLUMMER: oft r+adlice^] swy+te gedreht. o+d+det +ta twegen
cyngas innan Normandige. mid heoran folcan coman tog+adere.
<R 1119.5>
+t+ar wear+d seo cyng of France aflymed. & ealle his betste
m+an genumene.
<R 1119.6>
& sy+d+dan +t+as cynges m+an Heanriges manega him to gebugen.
& wi+d hine acordedan +te +aror mid heora castelan 
him togeanes w+aron. & sume +ta castelas he mid
streng+de genam.
<R 1119.10>
+dises geares ferde Willelm +t+as cynges sunu Heanriges &
+t+are cwene Mahalde into Normandige to his f+ader. 
& +t+ar wear+d him forgifen & to wife beweddod +t+as
eorles dohter of Angeow.
<R 1119.14>
On sancte Michaeles m+asse+afen w+as mycel eor+dbifung on
suman steodan her on lande. +teah swy+dost on 
Gloweceastrescire. & on Wigreceastrescire.
<R 1119.17>
On +tis ylcan geare for+dferde se papa Gelasius on +tas halfe
+t+are muntan. & w+as on Clunig bebyrged.
<R 1119.18>
& +after him se arcebiscop of Uiana wear+d to papan gecoren.
+tam wear+d nama Calixtus.
<R 1119.20>
se sy+d+dan to sancte Lucas m+assan euangelista com into
France to R+ains. & +t+ar heold concilium. & se arcebiscop 
Turstein 
<P 249>
of Eoferwic +tyder ferde.
<R 1119.22>
& for+ti +te he togeanes rihte & togeanes +tam arcestole on
Cantwarabyrig. & togeanes +t+as cynges willan 
his had +at +tam papan underfeng. him wi+d cw+a+d se cyng
+alces geanfares to Englalande.
<R 1119.25>
& he +tus his arcebiscoprices +t+arnode. & mid +tam papan
towardes Rome for.
<R 1119.27>
Eac on +tison geare for+dferde se eorl Baldewine of Flandran
of +tam wundan +te he innan Normandige gefeng.
<R 1119.28>
& +after him feng Carl his fa+dasunu to +tam rice. se w+as
Cnutes sunu +t+as haligan cynges of Denmarcan.
<R 1120.1>
+dises geares wurdon sehte seo cyng of Englelande & se of
France.
<R 1120.2>
& +after heora sehte acordedan ealles +t+as cynges Heanriges
agene m+an wi+d hine innan Normandige. & se
eorl of Flandran. & se of Puntiw.
<R 1120.4>
Sy+d+dan her+after s+atte se cyng Henrig his castelas & his
land on Normandi +after his willan. & swa toforan 
Aduent hider to lande for.
<R 1120.7>
& on +tam fare wurdon [{adruncene{] +t+as cynges twegen sunan
Willelm & Ricard. & Ricard eorl of Ceastre.
& Ottuel his bro+dor. & swy+de manega of +t+as cynges hired,
stiwardas, & bur+tenas, & byrlas, & of mystlicean 
wican. & ungerim swy+de +anlices folces for+d mid.
<R 1120.11>
+dysra dea+d w+as heora freondan twyfealdlic sar. an +tet hi
swa fearlice +tises lifes losedan. o+der +t+at
feawa heora lichaman ahw+ar sy+d+dan fundena w+aron.
<R 1120.14>
+dises geares com +tet leoht to (\Sepulchrum Domini\) innan
Ierusalem twiges. +anes to Eastron. and o+dre
si+de to (\Assumptio sancte Marie\) . swa swa geleaffulle
s+adon +te +tanon coman.
<R 1120.17>
An se arcebiscop Turstein of Eoferwic wear+d +turh +tone papan
wi+d +tone cyng acordad. & hider to lande
com. & his biscoprices onfeng. +teah hit +tam arcebiscop of
Cantwarabyrig swy+de ungewille w+are.
<R 1121.1>
Her w+as se cyng Henri to Cristes m+assan on Bramtune. &
+t+ar+after toforan Candelm+assan on Windlesoran
him to wife forgyfen A+delis & sy+d+dan to cwene gehalgod.
seo w+as +t+as heretogan dohtor of Luuaine.
<R 1121.5>
And se mona a+tystrode on +t+are nihte (\Non+a Aprilis\) . &
w+as (\x iiii luna\) .
<P 250>
<R 1121.7>
And se cyng w+as to Eastran on Beorclea. and +t+ar+after to
Pentecosten he heold mycelne hired on Westmynstre.
<R 1121.8>
and sy+d+dan +t+as sumeres mid ferde into Wealan for. & +ta
Wyliscean him ongean coman. & +after +tes cynges 
willan hi wi+d hine acordedan.
<R 1121.12>
+dises geares com se eorl of Angeow fram Ierusalem into his
lande. & sy+d+dan hider to lande sende. & 
his dohter let feccean seo w+as Willelme +tes cynges sune
+aror to wife forgyfan.
<R 1121.15>
And on +t+are nihte (\uigilia Natalis Domini\) w+as swy+de
mycel wind ofer eall +tis land. & +tet wear+d on 
manegan +tingan swy+de gesene.



<B COCHAD>
<Q O2/4 NN BIL CHAD>
<N CHAD>
<A X>
<C O2/4>
<O 850-950>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/AM>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  CHAD.
THE LIFE OF ST. CHAD. AN OLD ENGLISH HOMILY.
ED. R. VLEESKRUYER.
AMSTERDAM: NORTH-HOLLAND PUBLISHING
COMPANY, 1953.
PP. 162.1 - 184.245^]

[^B3.3.3^]
<P 162>
<R 1>
[} (\IN NATALE SANCTI CEADDE EPISCOPI & CONFESSORIS.\) }]
<R 2>
   Men +ta leofestan, ic eow onginnu secgan be +tam life +tes
halgan weres sancte Ceaddan +tes biscopes, 
hu he dyde in +tam biscopdome o+d+de er +tam biscopdome.
<R 4>
+teah we nenge +tinga magen becuman to eallum +tam megenum
his weorca for+ton +te in him swa swi+de nes 
+tet he herinesse sohte fram mannum swa swi+de swa in him
wes +tet he eall his megen wolde mannum mi+dan.
<R 7>
Ah +tonne hwe+dere we eow recca+d [{medmicle{] intingan of
miclum megenum to+ton +tet us genihtsumien +ta 
bisne & +ta segene be +tam arwyr+dan feder.
<R 10>
Se halga wer Ceadda erest wes gehadad in biscopdome fram
Alwine se wes biscop in +tere lundoniscan cestre.
<R 11>
Nor+dhymbra +teoda rixiendum [{Oswie{] +tam kyninge in +tam
selde +te his eftergengan hefdon in +tam bolde
+te is haten eoferwicceaster.
<R 14>
+da com +teodorus se ercebiscop on breotone ealond.
He wes onsended fram +tam apostolican selde & mid +ty he
manegu ealond geondferde & ealle +ting geendebyrde.
<R 16>
[{He{] in gelumpenlicum stowum biscopas halgede & +ta +te he
unmedume gemette +tes godes geleafan he +ta
gode gefultumiendum gerihte in +tam +tingum.
<R 19>
He eac Ceaddan +tone biscop erest swi+de +treade & segde
+tet he unrihtlice gehalgod were.
<R 20>
He him Ceadda andswearede +tere eadmodestan stefne & cwe+d,
gif +tu me on wite +tet ic unrihtlice +tone 
biscopdom onfenge ic +tonne lustlice fram +tere +tegnunge
gewitu for+don +te ic me nefre +tes wyr+dne wende.
<R 23>
Ac ic for hersumnesse intingan geneded +tone had underfeng.
<R 24>
& mid +te swa he geherde +ta eadmodnisse his andsware
[{+ta{] cwe+d he +tet he nenge +tinga +tone biscopdom 
forletan sceolde ah he eft edneowunga his hadunga mid +ty
rihtgeleaffullan rihte gefylde.
<R 27>
Wilfrid eac 
<P 164>
swilce of breotan ealonde wes onsend & he on
galwalum wes gehadod & for+don he beforan
+teodore c+arde on c+ant & he +ter messepreostas & diaconos
hadode o+d+tet se ercebiscop +tider com.
<R 31>
& +ta he com to hrofeceastre +ta wes Damianus se biscop
for+dfered & he +ter gehadode godne wer se wes
mid ciriclicum +teodscipum geseted & in lifes bilwetnisse
+toncfulre +tonne in woruld+ahtum +tes nama
wes Putta.
<R 34>
Se ealles tylgest romanisce +teawe song in godes circan
+tone song he geleornade +at +tam iungrum +tes 
eadigan Gregorius +tes papan.
<R 36>
& eft hit gelomp on +ta tid +te Wulfhere wes cining fore
m+arcna meg+dum & Germanna his biscop wes dead 
+ta bed he +at +teodore +tam ercebiscope +tet him & his
+deode were biscop sald.
<R 39>
He him nalde neowne biscop hadian ac he bed +at Oswio +tam
cininge +tet him were sald Ceadda se biscop 
Se +ta git hefde stille lif in his mynstre +tet wes
gehaten in lestinga ege.
<R 42>
& Wilfer+d wes +tere cirican biscop in eoferwicceastre &
nohte +ton les ealra nor+dhymbra ah eac swilce 
[{pehta{] swa hwider swa se cining Oswi his rice mihte
+tennan.
<R 44>
& +ta wes [{+teaw{] +tam ilcan arwyr+testan biscope Ceaddan
+tet he godspell geond stowe bodade ma gongende 
+tonne ridende & he +ta +teodorus heht hine +tet he swa
hwider swa him long weg stode & he +ta swi+de 
higienda mid geornfulnisse & mid lufan +tes 
<P 166>
arfullan gewinnes.
<R 49>
Hine se ercebiscop mid his agene hond on horse ahof for+don
+te he hine swi+de haligne wer gemette &
he hine nedde +tet he swa hwider on horse wegen were swa hit
neod+tearf were.
<R 52>
& +ta onfeng Ceadda m+arcna +teode biscopdom samod on
lindesfarena efter +tere bisne ealdra federa & he 
teolede +tet he +ta +teode gehelde in micelre lifes
gefremednisse.
<R 54>
+tam biscope Wulfhere se cining gesealde landes fiftig hida
in +tere stowe seo is gecweden +at bearwe 
& +tet is in +tere meg+de lindesse +ter nu git todege
wunia+d +ta gesettan [{swa+de{] his lifes.
<R 57>
He hefde eft biscopseld in +tere stowe seo is gecweden
licetfeld in +tere he for+dferde & bebyriged 
wes. [{+ter{] nu git todege is +tet seld efterfylgendra +tere
m+ag+d+a biscopa.
<R 60>
He warhte eac degulran eardungstowe in +tere he synderlicor
mid feawum +tet wes mid seofenum o+d+de mid 
ehta bro+drum swa oft swa he hine fram +tam gewinne & +tes
wordes +tegnung+a geemetgade +tet he Ceadda 
+ter him gebed & bec redde.
<R 64>
He eac in +tere ilcan meg+de on twam gearum & on halfum gere
+ta wuldelicestan cirican arerde +ta wes 
+at seo tid +tam uplican dome stihtendum be +tere sprec seo
ciriclice domboc, Tid is stanas to settenne & to somnienne.
<R 67>
+tet wes gecweden be +tam cwalme his lichaman +tet he sceolde
his 
<P 168>
+tone halgan gast sendan of +tisum eor+dlican 
s+aldum to +tam heofonlican getimbrum.
<R 70>
Mittes +ter monige bro+dore of +tere gesomnunge +tes
arwur+destan biscopes of lichama atogene weron +ta
com his tid Ceaddan +tet he sceolde faran of +tysum
middangearde to drihtne.
<R 73>
+da gelomp hit sume dege +tet he Ceadda wunade in +tere
foresegdan eardungstowe mid anum bre+ter +tes 
gecignis wes Owine & +ta o+dre bro+dru to cirican gewitene
weron fore sumum gelumpenlicum intingan.
<R 76>
Se ilca Owine wes munuc micelre geearnunge & clenre ingehygde
& he abad +tet uplice edlean & he forl+at 
+tisne middangeard & he wes meodum on eallum +tingum &
him swutulice drihten his digolnesse onwrah.
<R 80>
He com mid E+tel+dryden cwene of eastengla m+ag+d+a & he wes
+aldost hire +tegna & ealdormon hire heordes 
se mid +ty waxendum +tes geleafan getihhade +tet he +tas
woruld forhogode.
<R 82>
Ne dyde he +tet naht slaulice ac he hine eallum middangeardas
ehtum ongerede & forletenum eallum +tam 
worold+tingum +te he hefde.
<R 85>
He hine gegerede mid anfalde gegerelan & ber acse & eadusan
him on honda & com to +tam mynstre +tes
arwur+destan f+ader Ceaddan.
<R 87>
+tet wes geciged l+astinga +ag ne com he to idelnesse to +tam
mynstre swa sume men do+t ac he tacnade +tet he to gewinne 
<P 170>
in +tet mynster eode +tet he mid weorcum gecy+dde.
<R 89>
Cu+dlice se ilca Owine mid +tone biscop in +tere foresegdan
eardungstowe betwih o+drum bro+drum wes hefd 
for his megenes arwur+dnesse +aste mitte se biscop Ceadda
+terinne bec redde & he +terute warhte swa 
hwet swa hit gesegen wes +tet hit +tearf wes.
<R 93>
Se mid +ty +tyslices hwethugu sume dege +terute warhte & se
biscop wes ana in his gebedhuses stowe 
+ter he bocredan & gebedum werc sealde +ta geherde he feringa
+tes+te he efter+ton segde +ta swetestan 
stefne singendra & blissendra of heofonum to eor+dan ni+der
astigan.
<R 98>
+ta stefne he erest geherde easten & su+tan +tet wes fram +tes
heofones heanisse & sy+d+dan sticcemelum 
him neolecan o+d+tet he becom ofer +tone hrof +tes
gebedhuses in +tam se biscop Ceadda wes +tet he in 
gongende all gefylde & in ymbhwyrfte ymbsalde.
<R 102>
& he +ta ymbhydelice his mod f+astnade in +ta +ting +te he
+ter geherde & +ta geherde he feringa swaswa agongnum 
halfre tide fyrst of +tes ilcan gebedhuses hrofe
+tone ilcan blisse song upp astigan & +ty 
wege +te he com to heofonum beon gecerredne mid
unaseggendlicr+a swetnisse.
<R 106>
& mitte hit +ta wunade on +tere stowe swaswa tide fec swilce
hit +tunurrad were & he +ta ymbhygdie mode 
spyrede hwet +tet were.
<R 108>
+da ontynde se biscop Ceadda +tet 
<P 172>
eg+dyrl +tes gebedhuses & 
hof his honda upp swaswa he foroft gewunade 
+tet he dyde & sealde his bletsunge & bebead gif +ter hwa
ute were +tet he +tonne in to him eode.
<R 111>
& +ta eode he ricene in to him & +ta cwe+d se biscop to him,
fer +tu ricene to cirican & gedo +tu +tet 
heo hider cuman +tas ure seofen bro+dru & beo +tu eac mid
heom.
<R 114>
Mittes heo +ta swa comon +ta manode he Ceadda heo erest +tet
hi lufan & megen & sibbe him betweonum 
& ealle geleafnisse heoldon mid ealre anrednesse & +tet hi
eac swylce +ta gesettan +teodscipas & regol+teawas 
+ta +te hi et him geleornadon & in him gesegen
o+d+de in foregongendra fedora dedum o+d+de cwidum 
gemetun +tet heo +tet eall efestlice heoldon & fyligdon.
<R 120>
sy+d+dan he him +ta under+teodde & cy+dde +tone deg his
for+dfore [{+te{] +ta iu him neh stod.
<R 121>
He cwe+d, se leofwynda cuma se gewunade +tet he +ta ure
bro+dra neosade he nu todeg wes geeadmodad +tet
he me walde of +tissere worulda gecigen.
<R 123>
Cerra+d ge for+ton to cirican & secga+d urum bro+drum +tet
heo minne endedeg drihtne mid benum +atfestun 
& +tet hi eac swilce gemynen +tet hi heora utgong
forecumen. +tes tid is uncu+d mid godum weorcum & 
mid [{weacenum{] & mid gebedum.
<R 127>
& mittes he +tas sprec & manegu +tisum gelic hi +ta
[{onfengon{] his bletsunge +ta hi swi+de unrote ut eodon 
+da cerde se an se +tone heofonlicon song geherde & +tenede 
<P 174>
hine on +ta eor+dan & cwe+d, Feder, is 
me alyfed +tet ic +te mote ohtes fregnan?
<R 131>
+ta cwe+d he Cedda, fregn +tes +te +tu wille.
+ta cwe+d he to +tam biscope, Ic +te halsie +tet +tu me secge
hwet wes se blissendra song +te ic geherde
of heofonum cuman ofer +tis geb+adhus & efter tide fece he
wes gecerred to heofonum.
<R 134>
+da answarude se biscop Ceadda him & cwe+d, Gif +tu songes
stefne geherdest & heofonlicne +treat geherdest 
cuman ofer +tis gebedhus ic +te +tonne bebeodu on
drihtnes naman +tet +tu hit nenegum men ne asecge 
er minre for+dfore.
<R 138>
Cu+dlice ic +te secge +tet hit weron engla gastas +ta comon
me gecigan to +tam heofonlican rice +ta ic
a lufade & +tes edleanes to him wilnade & heo me gehehton
+tet heo nu +after seofon dagum hider gecerde 
weron & me mid him geleadan wolden.
<R 142>
+tet eallswa hit mid wordum gecweden wes swa hit wes mid
weorcum gefylled.
<R 143>
& he +ta ricene mid lichaman ece wes gehrinen & +ta +ty
seofo+dan dege swaswa him gehaten wes efter 
+tere onfongnisse +tes drihtenlican lichaman & his blodes seo
halige sawul wes onlesedu of +tam carcerne 
+tes lichaman & hio wes gelededu swa hit riht is to
gelefenne mid engla +treatum to +tam ecan gefean.
<R 148>
Nes +tet naht wunderlic +tet he +tone dea+tes deg swa unforht
abad for+ton +te hit nes dea+des 
<P 176>
deg ac his [^his STANDS FOR hit^] wes tylig drihtnes blisse 
deg +tone he swa bli+de ymbhygdelice abad +tet wes in 
monegum [{forh+afdnisse{] & in eadmodnisse & in gebedu lare 
& on wilsumre +tearfednisse & in manegum megena geearnungum.
<R 153>
& ealles swi+test he wes in eallum his weorcum godes lufan
gemyndig & his +tera nehstena.
<R 154>
Swa hit sum bro+dor segde +tone he in gewritum lerde & he
wes in his mynstere & [{in{] his laredome gelered 
+tes nama wes Trumberht.
<R 157>
He segde, gif +tet gelumpe +tet se biscop Ceadda his bec redde
o+d+de hwet swilces dyde gif +tes windes
bled mare aras +tonne hit gewunelic were he +tonne ricene
gecigde drihtnes [{mildheortnesse{] & bed 
+tet manncynne gemiltsade.
<R 160>
Gif +tonne strengra se wind astod he +tonne betynedre +tere
bec, for+dleat in his anseone & geornlicor +tam gebede gefalh.
<R 162>
& gif +tonne git se storm wes strengra o+d+de yste +teosne
middangeard bregdon & +tunurrade & l+agetas on 
eor+dan & lyftas [{+treadon{] he +tonne ricene com to
cirican & +ter ymbhygdelicor gebeodum & salmsongum 
feste mode emetgade o+d+tet +tes lyftes smyltnes cerde.
<R 166>
& mittes hine fregnaden his [{gingran{] forhwon he +tet dyde
+da andwyrde he him & cwe+d, Ac ne leornaden 
ge +tet drihten leo+dra+d of heofone & se hesta sele+d his
stefne he sende+d his strelas & he hio tostence+d, 
he gemonigfalda+d 
<P 178>
legeto & he heo gedrefe+d?
<R 170>
Drihten onstyre+d lyftas & awecce+d windas.
<R 171>
He sceota+d legeto & he leo+dra+d of heofone +tet he +ta
eor+dlican mod [{awecce{] hine to ondredenne & +tet
he heora heortan gecige in +ta gemynd +tes toweardan domes &
+tet he heora oferhygd tostence & heora 
[{b+aldu{] gedrefe & heora gemynd gelede to +tere
[{beofugendlican{] tide +tonne he bi+d toweard to demene 
cwice & deade heofones & eor+dan beornendum & in micelre
mihte & megen+trymme.
<R 177>
For+don us gedafena+d, cwe+d se biscop Ceadda, +tet we his
[{monunge{] +tere heofonlican andswarien mid gedefe 
ege & lufan +tet swa oft swa drihten on lyfte his handa
onstyrie swaswa he beotige us to slenne 
& +tonne hwe+dere +tonne gyt ne sl+a+d.
<R 181>
bidden we sona [{ymbhygdilice{] his mildheortnisse +tet [{we{]
toslegenum ure heortena [{digolnessum{] & geclensade 
ure uncysta scamum +tet we geearnien +tet we nefre
seon slegene in +tam ecan wite.
<R 184>
Hit gelomp be +tere for+dfore +tes foresegdan biscopes +tet
com to hys gemynde onwrignesse +tet word +tes 
arwur+destan f+ader Egberhtes se geara [{mid{] [^THE WORD mid
ADDED BY THE EDITOR^] +tone ilcan Ceaddan iungne & hio begen 
ginge on scotta ealonde syndrig munuclif h+afdon.
<R 187>
& hi +toncfulle weron in gebedum & in forhefednisse & in
leornunge godcundra gewrita.
<R 189>
Ac efter+ton +te he wes gecerred on his +a+tel [{se{] o+der
<P 180>
el+teodig for drihtnes lufan [{+turhwunade{] o+d his 
lifes ende.
<R 190>
Mittes him to com of breotene ealonde +after longe tide mid
neosunge gefe se halgesta wer & se +toncfullista 
+tes nama wes Hygbald se wes abbud in +tere meg+de
lindesse & +ta dydon hi swa hit halgum gedafnade 
sprecon be +tam life +tera erran h+ahf+adera.
<R 194>
& hio gefegun heora somnunge.
<R 195>
heo comon to +tere gemynd+a +tes arwur+destan biscopes Ceaddan.
<R 196>
+da cwe+d sanctus +agberht, Ic wat enne man in +tisum ealonde
mittes se halga wer Ceadda se biscop ferde 
of +tisum middangearde [{+te{] he geseh his bro+dor saule
mid micle engla werode ni+der astigan of heofone 
& genam mid hine his saule & to +tam heofonlican rice
eft gecerde.
<R 200>
+donne hwe+dere us +tet wuna+d uncu+d hwe+der he hit be him
seolfum segde hwe+der +te be o+drum men hwylcum 
ac +tonne hwe+dere +tet ne meg uncu+d beon +tet swa swi+de
halig wer segde.
<R 203>
Sancte Ceadda for+dferda in +tam dege (\sexta nonas martis\) .
<R 204>
& he wes erest bebyrged be sancta Marian cirican ac
efter+ton +ter mon getimbrade cirican & gehalgode 
+tam eadigestan +tera apostole ealdre sancte Petre.
<R 206>
In gehwe+dre +tera stowa gelomlico helo & wundra beo+d
gewrohte to cu+dnesse his megena.
<R 208>
Hit gelomp +tet sum woda se eall +tet lond dwoligende
geondearn +tet he on efenne +tider becom swa +ta nyston o+d+de
<P 182>
ne gemdon +te +tere stowe heordas weron & he
+ter ealle niht gereste & on margene mid gehelde 
andgitte ut eode.
<R 211>
& he cudde eallum +tam mannum wundrigendum hwet him +ter
drihten to helo forgifen hefde.
<R 213>
Seo stow +tere byrgene wes treowene +truh & heo wes gewarht
ufan on huses gelicnesse.
<R 214>
& +ter stonde+t wigbed be +tere +truh +tet hafe+d +tyrel on
+tam wage +turh +tet gewunia+d +ta men +te +ta stowe 
seca+d & tocuma+d +tet hio heora hand +terin senda+d & del
+tes dustes +tanon genema+d.
<R 217>
& mittes hit mon in weter senda+d & sele+d untruman horsum
o+d+de nutenum o+d+de mannum to byrgenne +tonne 
sona seo une+tnis +tere untrumnesse intingan onweg gewita+d
& +tere helo gefea him tocerre+d.
<R 220>
In +tere stowe +teodorus gehadode Wynfer+d, godne wer &
gemetfestne swa his forgengan mercna meg+da, 
on middelengla, on lindesfarena, biscophades +tegnunge
forewes in eallum +tam +tingum Wulfere +ta git 
wes ofer & rices anwald h+afde.
<R 224>
Se Wynfer+d wes of preosthade +tes biscopes +te he
+afterfylgede & he diacones +tegnunge under him br+ac 
naht fea tide.
<R 226>
Genihtsumien us nu, men +ta leofestan, +tas +te us segd earun
be +tam arwur+dan biscope sancte Ceaddan 
& +teah +te us [{medmicelo{] of micclum beon gesegde +tonne
hwe+dere beon we gewisse his lifes & his drohtunge 
gemyndig, hu he dyde +ar +tes biscophades onfongnisse
<P 184>
ge in +tam biscophade.
<R 230>
Eale, +tet wes eadig w+ar in +tam ne wes enig inwit ne he
nenigne fordemde ne he nenigne gehende ne 
he nanegum men yfel for yfele gealt ac he wi+d eallum
earfodnissum & teonum nam ge+tyldu.
<R 233>
& mittes he wes heh biscop on orleahtre & swilce +teah +te he
fram untrumum & unwisum preostum were 
gedered na geseah hine mon efre for+don eorne ne mid
hatheortnesse onstyredne ne nenig man hine geseah 
swi+de hlahendne ne nenig man hine geseah swi+de grorniende.
<R 237>
ac he a an & +tet ilce sume gemete heofonlice blisse ber on
his onseone.
<R 239>
nes nefre in his mu+de nymp+de crist nymp+de mildheortnis.
Bidden we nu men +ta untodeledlican +trinnesse +tet we mid
+tam benum +tes halgestan weres sancte Ceaddan 
seon [{gefultumade{] +tet we geearnian +tet we magen
becuman to +tam geferscipe haligra biscopa & 
eadigra gasta forgifendum urum drihtne helendum criste se
leofa+d & rixa+d mid +tam feder & mid +tam haligan 
gasta in eallre worulda woruld, Amen.



<B COGREGD4>
<Q O2/4 NN BIL GDC>
<N GREG DIAL C>
<A WAERFERTH>
<C O2/4>
<O 850-950>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/AM>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  GREGORY THE GREAT, DIALOGUES (MS C).
BISCHOFS WAERFERTH VON WORCESTER
UEBERSETZUNG DER DIALOGE GREGORS
DES GROSSEN.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, V.
ED. H. HECHT.
LEIPZIG: GEORG H. WIGAND'S VERLAG, 1900.
PP. 34.23  - 43.17   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 70.34  - 79.7    (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 123.17 - 133.12  (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
[^B9.5.2^]
<P 34>
[}HU MAN HET +AQUITIUM CUMAN TO ROME.}]
<R 4.34.23>
+ta +at nexstan becom +tisses ylcan weres hlisa to cy+tnysse
Romana biscope, & +ta w+as hit sona, swa 
hit for oft by+d, +t+at seo tunge +tara leasolecendra cwele+t
& swence+t +t+as sawle, +te hi gehieran lyste+t.
<R 4.34.29>
swa on +ta ylcan tid, +te +ta preostas gehyrdon +tises
apostolican setles biscopes +tone hlisan +t+as 
halgan weres, hi +ta sona ol+acende w+aron ymb +t+at 
<P 35>
seofiende & +tus cw+adon: hw+at is +tes ceorlisca wer, +te
+tus hafa+d him sylfum genumen +ta ealdorlicnysse +t+are
halgan lare & ne+te+t +tus ungel+ared, +t+at he 
agna+d him sylfum +ta +tenunga ures apostolican hlafordes?
<R 4.35.7>
ac la, hlaford, gif hit +tin willa sy, s+ande man +arendwrecan
to him, & se hine hider gefecce, +t+at 
we magan ongytan, hwilc his seo circlice streng+t sy.
<R 4.35.12>
+ta sona swa hit +teaw is, +t+at +tam mode, +te bi+t abysgod
in manigum +tingum, swi+te undercreope+d seo 
lease olehtung, gif heo ne by+t +ty hra+tor onweg adrifen fram
+t+are heortan +amtignesse.
<R 4.35.17>
swa +ta l+arendum +tam preostum se papa ge+tafode, +t+at
Equitius moste beon gel+aded to Romebyrig, & 
+t+at man ong+ate, hw+at se his wisdom w+are.
<R 4.35.22>
& he +ta s+ande Iulianum his witan, se +after +ton wear+d
biscop on Sabinense +t+are cyrcan, & +t+at bebead,
+t+at he hine gel+adde mid mycelre are, +ty l+as se Godes
+teow +aniges teonan oht ongeate for +tissere
gemetingce.
<R 4.35.28>
he +ta sona wolde gehyran be +t+are wisan +tara preosta
willan & ferde ofstlice to +t+as halgan mannes 
mynstre.
<R 4.35.31>
& +ta he +t+ar com +afweardum +tam abbode, he gemette +ta
writeras +arest writende & +ta acsode he hi, hw+ar se 
<P 36>
abbud w+are.
<R 4.36.1>
hi him cw+adon to: he mawe+t heig on +tissere dene, +te lige+t
beneo+tan +tisum mynstre.
<R 4.36.4>
se ylca Iulianus h+afde +anne swi+te oferhigdigne cniht &
mycelne wi+derbrecan, +tam he sylf mihte 
unea+de gewyldan.
<R 4.36.7>
+ta s+ande he +tisne to +tam halgan men, +t+at he hine
hr+adlice to him gel+adde.
<R 4.36.9>
+ta arn se cniht & mid +tweorum gehigde eode hw+atlice on
+ta m+adwe, & +ta geseah he, +t+at hi ealle 
meowan +t+at heig, +ta +te +t+ar w+aron.
<R 4.36.14>
+da acsode he, hwilc w+are Equitius.
<R 4.36.15>
+ta sona swa he geacsode, hwilc he w+as, & he hine feorran
onlocode, +ta wear+d he mid unm+atum ege 
ge+tread.
<R 4.36.18>
he ongan him ondr+adan & wergian & to +ton swi+de cwacian,
+t+at he unea+de hine sylfne aberan mihte, &
+ta swa bifigende com to +tam Godes m+an & sona mid his earmum
befeng his cneowu & w+as cyssende & him
s+ade, +t+at his hlaford +tider to him cumen w+are.
<R 4.36.26>
& he +ta se Godes +teowa gehalette +tone cniht & him +tus
bebead & cw+a+d: aris & ber +tis grene hig +tam 
horsum to mete, +te ge hider on comon.
<R 4.36.30>
& nu is lytel to lafe +tysses m+a+tes & swa +tis gedon by+t,
ic ga +after +te.
<R 4.36.33>
+ta wundrode Iulianus swi+te, +te +tider ons+anded w+as, hw+at
+t+at 
<P 37>
w+are, +t+at se cniht yldode, +t+at he hra+dor ne come.
<R 4.37.2>
+ta he +ta geseah +tone cniht to him cyrrende & hig berende on
his sweoran of +tam m+adwum, +ta ongan he
swi+de yrre clypigan ong+an him & +tus cw+a+d: hw+at is +tis,
+t+at +tu dyst?
<R 4.37.8>
ic wende, +t+at +tu scoldest me mann to l+adan, nu byrst +tu
heig.
<R 4.37.9>
se cniht him andswarode & cw+a+d: he cym+d +after me, se +tu
secest.
<R 4.37.12>
+ta com se Godes wer gescod mid gehammenum scon & b+ar on his
eaxle his hegsi+te.
<R 4.37.14>
+tam habbude +ta gyt feorr gangende se cniht s+ade +ta his
hlaforde, +t+at +t+at w+are, se +te he sohte.
<R 4.37.17>
+ta semninga se ylca Iulianus, swa he geseah +tone Godes
+teowan, he forseah hine sona for his 
gegerelan & +tohte mid +twerum mode on his oferhigdum, hu he 
sceolde him to sprecan.
<R 4.37.22>
ac +ta sona swa se Godes +teowa him w+as neah, on +t+as ylcan
Iulianus mod gefor unar+afnedlicu fyrhtu, 
swa +t+at he forhtode, +t+at unea+de [{him{] mihte [^MS: +t+at 
he unea+de mihte^] his tunge genihtsumian, to +ton +t+at he 
s+ade his +arende, +te he +tider fore com.
<R 4.37.29>
he +ta sona mid geeadmodadum gaste georne to his cneowum
gewilnode, +t+at 
<P 38>
he for hine geb+ade & s+ade,
+t+at his f+ader se apostolica biscop hine geseon wolde.
<R 4.38.3>
+ta ongan se arwyr+da Equitius don unm+ate +tancas +tam
[{+almihtigan{] Gode & +t+at s+ade, +t+at hine 
geneosode seo uplice gifu +turh +tone hean biscop +t+as 
apostolican setles.
<R 4.38.8>
& +ta hra+de gecigde his bro+ter & him bebead, +t+at on +ta
ylcan tid sceoldon beon heora hors 
gegearwode & ongan his geferan swi+de +treagan, +t+at hi 
scoldon on +ta tid utfaran.
<R 4.38.13>
+ta cw+a+d Iulianus to him: ne m+ag +t+at n+anigra +tinga
beon, for+ton ic eom swi+te werig for +ty langan 
wege, +t+at ic [{ne{] m+ag tod+ag heonan faran.
<R 4.38.18>
+ta andswarode se halga him & +tus cw+a+d: +tu geunrotsast me
+tonne, min sunu, for+ton ic wat, gif we 
on +tysum ylcan d+age ne fera+t, +t+at we tomorgen n+anig
f+areld ne +turhteo+d.
<R 4.38.23>
& +ta swa se Godes +teowa w+as genyded fram werignysse his
[{geferan{] , +t+at he wunode +ta niht on his mynstre.
<R 4.38.27>
+ta +te +afterfylgendan d+age sona on d+agred com +arendraca
to Iuliane mid epistolan & mid swi+de 
geswenctan horse for +arnige.
<R 4.38.30>
in +tam epistolan w+as beboden, +t+at he ne gedyrstl+ahte to
+ton, +t+at he aht grette +tone Godes +teowan,
<P 39>
o+t+te hine of +dam mynstre styrede.
<R 4.39.2>
& +ta sona swa he acsode, for hwon se cwide onw+anded w+are,
he ong+at, +t+at +ty ylcan nihte, +te him se
+arendraca +after w+as s+anded, +t+at se apostolica biscop
w+as swi+de abreged on swefne +turh nihtlice 
gesih+te, for hwon he ge+trysstl+ahte, +t+at he hete +tone 
Godes man swa sw+ancan & to him spanan.
<R 4.39.11>
& +ta hra+de aras Iulianus se +arendraca & hine sylfne +t+are
gebedr+adenne +t+as arwur+dan weres bef+aste
& +ta cw+a+d to him: eower f+ader eow bidda+d, +t+at ge ne
scylen eow swencan on +tone si+t.
<R 4.39.17>
+ta se Godes +teowa +tis gehyrde, +ta w+as he sona geunrotsod
& +tus cw+a+d: hu, ne s+agde ic gyrstand+age,
+t+at gif we +ta sona ne ferdon, +t+at us nu n+are alyfed to
farene?
<R 4.39.22>
& +ta fore gegearwunge +t+are so+tan lufe he h+afde +tone
+arendracan Iulianum hwylcnehugu fyrst in +tam 
mynstre, to +ton +t+at he him swa gelettum & swa genyddum
forgeafe & gedyde hw+athugu get+ase his 
gewinnes.
<R 4.39.29>
ongyt nu, Petrus, on hu mycelre Godes hyrnysse beo+d, +ta +te
cunnon hi sylfe forseon on +tysum life, &
mid hwylcum ceasterwarum beo+d in are getealde innan, +ta
+te ne 
<P 40>
scamia+d, +t+at hi syn mannum forsewene utan.
<R 4.40.2>
swa eac wi+d +tan beforan Godes eagum licga+d forsewene, +ta
+te a+tinda+d & aswella+d +turh +ta wilnunge 
+t+as idlan gylpes mid heom sylfum & beforan [{+tam{] [^THE
WORD +tam ADDED BY THE EDITOR^] eagum heora nehstena.
<R 4.40.7>
be +tan seo so+df+astnys, +t+at is Crist, cw+a+d to sumum
mannum: ge w+aron +ta +te eow sylfe godia+t beforan
mannum, ac God cann eowre heortan, for+ton eall +t+at mannum
+tince+d healic, +t+at by+t onscuniendlic 
beforan Gode.
<R 4.40.14>
Petrus cw+a+d: ic wundrige swy+te, +t+at +afre mihte be
swilcum were & swa mycclum biscope beon 
undercropen seo deofollice scinnys +turh +ta olehtinga +tara 
preosta.
<R 4.40.20>
Gregorius him andswarode: to hwan wundrast +tu, Petrus,
for+ton +te we men syndon & beo+t ful oft 
belogene fram o+trum mannum?
<R 4.40.24>
hw+a+ter +te of mode abeah, +t+at +tu ne gemundest, +t+at
Dauid, +te gewunade, +t+at he h+afde witedomes gast
in him, he demde dom ongen +tone unscyldigan Ionathanes sunu,
+ta +ta he gehyrde +t+as leogendan 
cnihtes word?
<R 4.40.31>
+t+at +tonne hw+a+tre gedon w+as +turh Dauid, we gelyfa+d,
+t+at hit riht w+are in +tam diglan Godes 
<P 41>
dome, ac 
hw+a+tre we ne magon na geseon ne ge+t+ancan, hu hit riht
w+are in +tam m+anniscan rihte.
<R 4.41.4>
hwylc wundor is +t+at for+ton, Petrus, +teh +te we hwilum syn
gel+adde in [{o+ter{] [{of{] leogendra mu+te, we +te 
n+anige witigan n+aron?
<R 4.41.7>
ac we witan, +t+at +t+at swi+te mycel is, +t+at anra gehwilces
biscopes mod by+t forhergod & todrife+t full
oft seo +ticnes +tara woruldlicra ymbhogena, & +tonne hit
+t+at mod by+d tod+aled to manegum wisum, hit 
by+d +ty medmare to hwylcum synderlicum +tingum.
<R 4.41.15>
& swa myccle ma hit by+t undercropen mid scinnysse & beswicen
in hwylcumhugu anum +tinge, swa myccle
hit rumor & widdor by+t abysgod on manegum wisum.
<R 4.41.20>
Petrus him cw+a+t to: swi+de so+de w+aron +ta word +te +tu
sagast.
[}HU SEO EARC W+AS AWORPEN OF +AQUITIES BYRIGENE.}]
<R 4.41.24>
Gregorius him andswarode: ne sceall ic na forswigian, +t+at ic
[{iu{] ong+at +ty +te me hit s+agde se 
arwyr+ta wer Ualentinus be +tam ylcan abbude.
<R 4.41.28>
he cw+a+d, +t+at his lichama w+are bebyrged in +tam gebedhuse
+t+as eadigan Laurenties +t+as martyres.
<R 4.41.31>
+ta eode sum ceorl & asette his earcan mid 
<P 42>
hw+ate gefylde ofer +t+as halgan mannes byrgene & ne gymde,
+t+at he ge+tohte o+t+te him ondrede, hu mycel & hu arwur+de
wer +t+ar reste.
<R 4.42.5>
+ta semninga w+as geworden +toden of heofonum, +t+at he ahof
upp +ta earcan, +te aseted w+as ofer +ta 
byrgene & hi for+d awearp feorr of +ton +te heo on stod, & 
elles ealle +ta +ting +te +t+ar w+aron gewunedon on 
heora agnum stede, efne [{swa +t+at{] openlice ealle +ta +te
+t+ar w+aron ong+aton, hu [{mycelre{] geearnunge w+as, 
se +te his lichama +t+ar reste.
[}HU +TA RE+DAN LANGBEARDE AWEDDON, & +TA MUNECAS WURDON
ALYSEDE.}]
<R 4.42.18>
Eac +ta word, Petrus, +te ic her gyt secgcan wille, ic oncneow
of s+agene +t+as forecwedenan & +t+as 
arwur+tan weres Fortunates, +t+as yldu & weorc & bylwitnes me
lica+t swi+te wel.
<R 4.42.23>
se ylca me s+ade, +t+at Langbearde foron hergiende in
Ualeriam +ta m+ag+de.
<R 4.42.25>
+ta +ta munecas of +t+as arwur+tan weres mynstre Equities
geflugon in +t+at gebedhus, hi ongunnon teon ut
+ta munecas & hi todrifon +turh manegu tintregu & eac sume
mid heora swurdum acwealdon.
<R 4.42.31>
+ta an +tara muneca w+as onstyred mid grimman sare, he
ageomrode & 
<P 43>
cleopode +tus: loca nu, +tu halga Equitius.
<R 4.43.2>
lica+d +te, +t+at we synt +tus atogene, & +tu us nylt no
scyldan?
<R 4.43.4>
sona to +t+as stefne se uncl+ana gast gefor on +ta re+tgiendan
Langbeardan, & hi +ta urnon geond +t+at 
land wedende, & swa lange hi w+aron fram deofle geswencte, o+t
+t+at +ta Langbeardas ong+aton, +ta +te +t+ar ute
w+aron, +t+at hi ofer +t+at ne dorston nohte gretan +ta
halgan stowe.
<R 4.43.12>
& hit gelamp +ta, +t+at se halga wer mundbyrde his agene
+tegnas, & he forg+af eac manegum o+trum l+acedom
& mundbyrd, +te +tyder +after +ton geflugon to his
byrgenne.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 70>
[}X. HU FURTUNATUS +T+AT DEOFOLSEOKE WIF GEH+ALDE.}]
<R 10.70.34>
Gregorius him andswarode: sum swi+te arwyr+des lifes wer w+as
on 
<P 71>
+tam ylcan d+alum, +tam w+as nama 
Furtunatus, se w+as biscop +t+are ylcan cyrcan Tudertine.
<R 10.71.3>
se w+as +teonde & weaxende on unm+atre gife gastlicra m+agna
to +ton swi+de, +t+at he +ta uncl+anan gastas of
mannum aflyman mihte, swa +t+at he ful oft +tara deofla
weoredu adraf of +tam mannum, +te hi +ar 
geswencton.
<R 10.71.10>
& he w+as geornfull mid teolone his singalra gebeda +tem
ang+an gesettum deofla m+anigum, +te wi+d him 
teolonge wunnon, +t+at he hi oferswy+dde.
<R 10.71.14>
eac sum wer w+as +tissere ylcan cyrican mundbora, +t+as nama
w+as Iulianus.
<R 10.71.17>
he w+as us se hiwcu+desta, & he w+as nu unfyrn on +tissere
ylcan byrig for+dfered.
<R 10.71.19>
for +t+as ges+agenum, cw+a+d sanctus Gregorius, ic geleornode,
+t+at ic nu secgan wille, for+ton he oft 
betweoh w+as Furtunates d+adum mid bylde +t+are hiwcu+dnysse.
<R 10.71.24>
& +after +ton his gemynd he geheold us to trymnysse, for+ton
hit him w+as swa wynsum, swa he h+afde 
beobreades swetnysse on his mu+te.
<R 10.71.29>
he s+ade, +t+at +t+ar w+are sum +a+tele gesi+dwif in +tam
neahd+alum Tuscie m+ag+de.
<R 10.71.31>
seo h+afde ane snore, +ta hire sunu lytle +ar him to wife
onfeng.
<R 10.71.33>
seo w+as gela+dod mid 
<P 72>
+t+are ylcan hire swegre to
cirichalgunge +t+as eadigan martyres Sebastianes gebedhuses.
<R 10.72.3>
+ta gelamp +t+are ylcan niht, +te heo scolde on morgen to
+t+are cyrichalgunge faran +t+as foresprecenan 
gebedhuses, +ta wear+d heo mid hire lichaman luste
oferswi+ded, swa +t+at heo ne mihte hi sylfe 
forhabban fram hire were.
<R 10.72.11>
& +ta gewordenum +tam +armergene heo wear+d on hire inge+tohte
afyrhted, for+ton +te heo +ta +turhtogenan 
lustas on hire lichaman gefremede.
<R 10.72.15>
hire forbead +ta +tone for+dgang seo sceomu to +t+are
[{cyrichalgunge{] , for+ton +te heo w+as ma scamigende for
manna onsyne, +tonne heo w+are +tone Godes dom ondr+adende.
<R 10.72.20>
+ta ferde heo for+d mid hire swegre to +t+are halgunge +t+as
gebedhuses.
<R 10.72.22>
+ta sona swa hi w+aron gangende in +t+at gebedhus, +t+ar +ta
reliquias w+aron +t+as eadigan martyres 
Sebastianes, +ta gegrap se awyrgda gast heo +ta ylcan snore 
+t+as fores+adan gesi+twifes, & beforan eallum +tam
folce he ongan heo swi+de swencan.
<R 10.72.29>
& +ta se m+assepreost +t+are ylcan cyrcan geseah, +t+at heo
swi+de geswenced w+as, he genam sona +ta scetan
of +tam weofode & oferwreah hi mid.
<P 73>
<R 10.73.1>
& +ta sona eode se deofol in +tone ylcan m+assepreost, &
for+ton +te he wolde ofer his agen m+agn aht 
swylces gene+tan, he w+as genyded, +t+at he mihte on his agenre
gesw+ancednysse ongytan, hw+at he sylf 
w+as.
<R 10.73.7>
+ta +ta men, +te +t+ar +at w+aron, namon +t+at wif on +tam
gebedhuse mid heora handum & hi b+aron to hire 
agnum huse.
<R 10.73.10>
& +ta +ta se ealda feond mid langre gesw+ancednysse bregde
+tis ylce wif swy+de [^MS: &^] +ta hire magas, +te hi
lichamlice lufedon & for +t+are lufan hire mid w+aron,
bef+aston hi +tam drym & +tam scincr+aftigum, to
+ton +t+at hi beg+aten hire +t+ar h+alo & l+acedom +t+ar
funden, & hi na ne scrifan, +teh hi eallinga hire 
sawle adw+asctan.
<R 10.73.20>
+ta ongunnon hi helpan hire lichaman mid heora drycr+aftum to
sumre hwile.
<R 10.73.23>
heo w+as gel+aded to anre ea & bedypped in +t+at w+ater, & hi
+t+ar +ta dryas ongunnon ferian geond +t+at 
w+ater & mid langum onsangum hi golon on, o+d +t+at se deofol 
of hire uteode, +te hi +ar in gefor.
<R 10.73.29>
ac +ta for +tam wunderlican dome +t+as +almihtigan Godes, +ta
se an deofol hire w+as of adrifen mid heora
+tam forcyrdan cr+afte, sona on hi geeode mycel m+aniu
<P 74>
deofla, & heo +ta ongan on +ta ylcan tid swa 
manegum styrenyssum beon onstyred & swa manegum stefnum &
cleopungum hlydan, efne swa heo fram 
manegum awyrgdum gastum w+as geh+afd & ge+tread.
<R 10.74.7>
+ta eodon hire magas in ge+teaht & geandetton, +t+at hit
heora agnes ungeleafan scyld w+are, +t+at hi 
+tone l+acedom to +tam scincr+aftigum sohton.
<R 10.74.11>
ac hi +ta gel+addon +t+at wif to +tam arwyr+dan were
Furtunato +tam biscope & hi to +tam forleton.
<R 10.74.14>
& he +ta hi onfeng & hine +ta sylfne abysgode on his gebede
manega dagas & nihta, & swa mycele ma he
gefealh mid geornnysse +tam gebedum, swa myccle ma he
ong+at him ong+an standan in anum lichaman
+t+at weorod +tara deofla m+anigeo.
<R 10.74.22>
& +ta ymb manega dagas he ag+af heo hire freondum [{swa{] hal 
& gesund, swilce hire se deoful n+afre +anigne anweald ne 
ahte.
[}HU FURTUNATUS +TONE AWYRGEDAN GAST ADRAF OF SUMAN GEDREHTUM
MEN.}]
<R 10.74.29>
Eac hit gelamp on o+dre tid, +t+at se ilca wer Furtunatus
+t+as +almihtigan Godes +teowa adraf +tone 
uncl+anan gast of sumum 
<P 75>
geswenctum & ofsettum men.
<R 10.75.1>
& se awyrgda +ta +ta se d+ag +afnode geseah, +t+at seo tid
w+as mannum dyglu, geonlicte hine sylfne to 
sumum +al+teodigum men & ongann gan ymb +ta c+astre & geond +ta
str+ata & +tus cw+a+d: gehyra+d nu, hw+at se 
halga werr dyde Furtunatus se biscop.
<R 10.75.9>
nu he adraf me +al+teodigne man of his huse, & ic for+ton
sece, hw+ar ic me gerestan scyle, nu ic on
his c+astre nane ne fand.
<R 10.75.13>
+ta sum man s+at +at +tam gledum in his huse mid his wife &
mid his lytlan suna.
<R 10.75.16>
se gehyrde his stefne & acsode, hw+at se biscop him dyde, &
hine la+dode, +t+at he s+ate mid him in his
huse +at +tam gledan.
<R 10.75.19>
& he +ta swa dyde.
<R 10.75.20>
+ta spr+acon hi heom betwux wel fela worda, o+d +at nexstan
se ylca awyrgda gast gefor in +tone lytlan
sunu +t+as earman mannes & hine awearp in +da glyda, & +t+ar
sona his feorh him +at+trang.
<R 10.75.26>
& he +ta sona se earma man swa astyped & swa bereafod his
suna ong+at hra+de, hw+ane he sylfa 
feormode, ge eac hwane se biscop +ar ut adraf.
<R 10.75.31>
Petrus cw+a+d: hw+at cwe+da+d we la, hw+at +t+at sy, +t+at se
ealda feond onfeng swylcere bylde to acwyllane
in +t+as huse, +te hine gela+tode to him mid cumli+tnysse
<P 76>
gyfe & wende, +t+at he +al+teodig w+are?
<R 10.76.2>
Gregorius him andswarode: fela +tinga, Petrus, beo+d gode
gesewene, ac hi ne beo+d na gode, for+ton hi
ne beo+d of godum mode cumene.
<R 10.76.6>
be +tan seo so+df+astnys cw+a+t on his godspelle: gif +tin
[{eage{] by+d manfull, +tonne by+d +tin lichama eall
+tystrig.
<R 10.76.9>
for+ton +tonne +t+at inge+tanc +t+as mannes by+d woh &
forcyrred, +te +t+ar foregange+t, +tonne bi+d +t+at weorc 
eall +tweorh & unriht, +te +t+ar +afterfylge+t.
<R 10.76.14>
for+ton ne wene ic na, +t+at +tes wer w+are mid arf+astnysse
mode gelustfullod, ac mid t+alnysse +t+as 
biscopes.
<R 10.76.17>
se +te his suna bereafod w+as, se ongan swilce he for Godes
lufan gestli+tnysse gegearwode.
<R 10.76.20>
so+dlice +t+at +afterfylgende wite +t+ar cy+t+de, +t+at seo
+arre feormung n+as na butan scylde & gylte.
<R 10.76.23>
eac swylce manige men syndon, +te for+ton tilia+d, +t+at hi
god don, +te hi willa+d gedwellan +ta gife 
o+dera manna weorces.
<R 10.76.27>
ne hi na for+ton o+tre m+an feormia+d, +t+at hi mycclum
gyman, hw+a+ter heom +t+at god sy +t+at hi do+d, ac ma
hi wylla+d, +t+at hi syn beforan o+drum mannum wel geherede.
<R 10.76.32>
for +tere wisan ic wene, cw+a+d sanctus Gregorius, +t+at 
<P 77>
we magon ma behealdan +tysne wer, +te +tone 
awyrgdan gast on gestli+tnysse onfeng in +ateownysse +t+as 
idlan gylpes +turh +ta deofollican costunge, 
+tonne we magon ge+tencan, +t+at he betran d+ade dyde +tonne se
Godes wer.
<R 10.77.7>
ac he wolde, +t+at for mannum gesewen w+are, +t+at he betran
lifes w+are +tonne se biscop, +ta he +tone man
onfeng, +te se drihtnes wer [{Furtunatus{] +ar onweg adraf.
<R 10.77.12>
Petrus cw+a+d: eall hit is swa hit ges+agd is.
<R 10.77.13>
so+tlice +t+as weorces +ande gecy+tde, +t+at +t+at inge+tanc
n+as cl+ane.
[}HU FURTUNATUS GEH+ALDE +TONE BLINDAN & SUM HORS FRAM 
DEOFLE.}]
<R 10.77.18>
Gregorius him andswarode: eac hit s+ag+d, +t+at sum man w+are,
+te forlet his [{eagena{] gesyh+de.
<R 10.77.20>
+ta w+as he gel+aded to +tam Godes were, to +tan +t+at he
gewilnode & ab+ade him +ta helpe +t+as halgan 
mannes +tingunga.
<R 10.77.24>
so+dlice +ta +ta se Godes wer h+afde gedon & gefylled his
gebedu, he asette & awrat Cristes rodetacen
ofer +t+as mannes eagan +t+as bysenan, & +ta sona agyfenum
+tam leohte seo niht +t+are blindnysse gewat 
fram +tam eagum.
<R 10.77.31>
[{on{] ufan +t+at eac gelamp, +t+at sumes militisces mannes 
hors w+as gecyrred in myccle re+dnysse, 
<P 78>
swa +t+at 
hit mihte unea+te beon fram +anigum mannum gehealden, ac swa
swilce swa hit mihte, hit slat & wundode
heora limu mid [{bitum{] .
<R 10.78.5>
+ta wear+d hit +teh gebunden fram manegum mannum & w+as
gel+aded to +tam Godes were.
<R 10.78.8>
he +ta sona awrat Cristes rodetacen on +tam h+aafde +t+as
horses mid his [{a+tenedre{] handa & gecyrde ealle
his re+dnysse in man+tw+arnysse, swa +t+at hit w+as 
[{stilre{] , +tonne hit w+as +ar +t+are wedenheortnysse.
<R 10.78.15>
+ta se ylca +tegn +t+at his hors, +te he geseah acyrred fram
his wedenheortnesse mid swa hr+adlicum 
bebode +t+as halgan wundres, he +ta bebead, +t+at man +tam 
halgan were +t+at ilce hors eft bringan sceolde.
<R 10.78.21>
+ta wi+dsoc he, +t+at he hit nateshwon underfon nolde.
<R 10.78.22>
ac he on his wilnunge +turhwunode & b+ad, +t+at he his gife ne
forsawe.
<R 10.78.24>
+ta se halga wer nam +t+at hors & healfne +tone weg on
geferde.
<R 10.78.26>
& he +t+as militiscan mannes bene gehyrde & hw+a+tre wi+dsoc,
+t+at he hit to gife habban nolde swa for 
gebedenum m+agene.
<R 10.78.30>
+arest he gegearwode him medeme weor+d for +tan horse & +ta
+after +tan nam 
<P 79>
+t+at hors, +te him w+as +ar to 
gife geboden, for+ton +te he geseah, gif he hit ne underfengce,
+t+at se w+are geunrotsod, +te hit +ar 
ahte.
<R 10.79.5>
+ta nydendre +t+are lufe he gebohte, +t+at him nan +tearf
n+as to habbenne.

<S SAMPLE 3>
[^B9.5.4^]
<P 123>
[}X. HU HE ADW+ASCTE +T+AT GEDWIMORLICE FYR.}]
<R 10.123.17>
+da gelamp hit, +t+at in gesyh+te +t+as godcundan weres
gelicode, +t+at he het adelfan in +t+are ylcan stowe
eor+dan for sumre neod+tearfe, & +ta [{hie{] +ta eor+dan
delfende deoppor ofdune becomon, +ta gebro+dru 
fundon +t+ar sum +aren feondgyld, & +ta awurpon hie +t+at to 
sumre hwile in +ta cycenan.
<R 10.123.26>
+ta semninga w+as [{him{] ge+tuht, +t+at +t+ar eode fyr ut, &
+t+at +ateowde in eallra +tara muneca eagum, +t+at 
eall +t+at getimbre +t+are cycenan sceolde beon fornumen.
<R 10.123.30>
+ta ongunnon hio weorpan w+ater & hlydan, swa +ta do+d, +te
fyr & bryne 
<P 124>
dw+asca+d.
<R 10.124.1>
+ta w+as Benedictus se Godes wer gecnysed & onstyred fram +tam
geruxle & com +tider to & +ta sona 
geseah, +t+at +t+at ylce fyr w+as in +tara bro+dra eagum 
ge+tuht & n+as na in his agnum swa gesewen.
<R 10.124.7>
+ta hra+de he gebigde his heafod to gebede & +ta bro+dru
gecigde to him, +te he gemette +t+ar mid +tam 
scinlacan fyre bysmrian, & gel+arde heo, +t+at hie gebletsodon
heora eagan & gesawon, +t+at +t+ar stod gesund
hus +t+are cycenan, & +t+at hio na leng ne beheoldon +ta
ligeas, +t+a se ealda feond leaslice gehiwode 
+turh his scincr+aft.
[}XI. HU HE GEH+ALDE +TONE CNAPAN, +TE W+AS MID HRYRE
TOCWYSED.}]
<R 11.124.19>
Eft hit gelamp, +ta +ta +ta gebro+dra woldon +t+as huses wah
hwene herran getimbrian, for+ton +t+as swa sum
neod+tearflicu wise b+adde, & Benedictus se Godes
wer wunode binnan +tam locum his mynstres in +tam
willan & geornysse his gebedes, +ta se ealda feond bysmriende
+ateowde & s+ade, +t+at he wolde feran to
+tam gebro+drum, +te +t+at hus worhton.
<R 11.124.29>
+ta +t+at sona bebead Benedictus swi+te hr+adlice +tam
bro+drum +turh +arendracan & +tus cw+a+d: bro+dra, do+t 
ge w+arlice, for+ton +te eow cym+t in +tyssere ylcan tide se
awyrgda 
<P 125>
gast to.
<R 11.125.1>
+ta se +te on +t+at +arende for, unea+de he mihte +ta word
abeodan, +ar +ton se awyrgda gast towearp +tone 
wah, +te +t+ar getimbrod w+as, & mid +ty fylle +d+as wages
for+tryccende he ge+tr+aste +anne +tara muneca, se 
w+as anes gerefan sunu.
<R 11.125.8>
+ta sona w+aron ealle +ta bro+tra swi+te geswencte &
geunrotsode, nal+as na for +ty d+amme +t+as wages 
fylles, ac for ge+tr+astednysse +t+as bro+dres.
<R 11.125.12>
hi +ta tilodon hr+adlice mid hefigum heofe, +t+at man +t+at
sceolde bodian +tam arwyr+dan f+ader Benedicte.
<R 11.125.16>
+ta se ylca f+ader het, +t+at man sceolde bringcan +tone
gewundodan cniht to him.
<R 11.125.18>
+ta ne mihton hi hine ne aberan buton on hwitle, for+ton +te
+ta stanas +t+as toglidenan wages nal+as +t+at
an, +t+at hi his limu tobr+acan, ac eac swylce mid ealle his
ban gebrysedon.
<R 11.125.24>
+ta sona bebead se Godes wer, +t+at hine man alegde in his
cytan on +ta meattan, +te he him on gebed, &
+ta s+ande he +ta bro+dra ut & beleac +ta cytan.
<R 11.125.28>
& he +ta se halga wer gefealh his gebede mycle geornlicor,
+tonne he +ar gewunode.
<R 11.125.31>
wundorlicu wise +t+at w+as, Petrus, +t+at on +ta ylcan tid he
ons+ande +tone cniht eft to +tam weorce swa gesundne & swa 
<P 126>
strangne, swa he +ar w+as, to +ton +t+at he
sceolde gegearwian & fulfremman +tone wah mid 
+tam o+trum bro+trum.
<R 11.126.4>
mid +t+as cnihtes forewyrde se ealda feond gelyfde, +t+at he
mihte gebysmrian Benedictum.
<R 11.126.7>
+ta ongan se Godes wer betweoh +tysum wisum eac swylce +teon &
weaxan mid witedomes gaste, +t+at he 
bodode +ta toweardan +ting & s+agde +ta +afweardan andweardum
mannum.
[}XII. HU +TA BRO+DRU +ATON & DRUNCON BUTON LEAFE.}]
<R 12.126.15>
So+tlice +t+as mynstres +teaw w+as, +t+at swa oft swa +ta
bro+dra ut eodon to +anigre andsware, +t+at hi 
n+anigra +tinga ne namon ne ne +tigdon mete ne drync wi+dutan
mynstre.
<R 12.126.20>
mid ty +te +tis w+as gehealden for +tam gewunan +t+as
ymbhydiglican regoles, +ta sume d+age hit gelamp, 
+t+at +ta gebro+dra eodon ut to sumre spr+ace, [{&{] [{in{]
[{+t+are{] [{spr+ace{] hi w+aron genydde, +t+at hi for +t+are
l+attran tide wunedon l+ang +tonne hi sceoldon.
<R 12.126.27>
+ta wiston hi, +t+at hi wicodon neah sumum +awf+astum wife.
<R 12.126.29>
+ta eodon hi in to hire huse & namon +t+ar mete & +tigdon.
<R 12.126.31>
+ta hi eft cyrdon lator 
<P 127>
+tonne hi sceoldon to +tam mynstre,
hi b+adon +t+as halgan f+ader bletsunge, swa
swa hit +teaw w+as.
<R 12.127.4>
sona w+as se Godes wer acsiende +ta bro+dra & +tus cw+a+d:
hw+ar +aton ge?
<R 12.127.6>
hi him andswaredon & cw+adon: nohw+ar.
<R 12.127.7>
Benedictus cw+a+d to +tam bro+drum: for hwon leoga+d ge swa?
<R 12.127.9>
cwe+ta+d ge, +t+at ge ne eodon in +t+as wifes hus?
<R 12.127.11>
ac la ne onfengcon ge +t+ar ne ne +tigdon +tas mettas?
<R 12.127.12>
cwe+da+d ge, +t+at ge ne druncon +t+ar +tus manige calicas
fulle?
<R 12.127.14>
& +ta +ta se arwur+da f+ader rehte +tam bro+drum ge +t+as
wifes hus ge +tara metta cyn ge eac +tone rim +tara
drincena, hi gecneowon sona ealla +ta +ting, +te hi sylfe +ar
dydon, & feollon forhtigende to his 
fotum & w+aron andettende, +t+at hi gegylt h+afdon.
<R 12.127.22>
he +ta sona se Godes wer gearode heom on +t+are scylde, & hi
+ta gehogodon, +t+at hi ofer +t+at swa don 
noldon in +t+as f+ader +afweardnysse.
<R 12.127.26>
be +tam hi ong+aton, +t+at he him symble w+as ondweard on his
gaste.
[}XIII. BE UALENTIANES BRE+DER.}]
<R 13.127.30>
Eac Ualentinianus Benedictes munuces bro+dur, +t+as gemynd ic
+ar bufan dyde, se w+as l+awde wer, ac swa
+teh he w+as swi+de +awf+ast, se gewunode, +t+at he for 
<P 128>
+alce g+are of his agenre stowe, +t+at he becom to 
sancte Benedictes mynstre, to +ton +t+at he onfengce +t+ar
+t+as Godes weres bletsunge & gesawe 
Ualentinianum his geborenan bro+tur.
<R 13.128.6>
witodlice hit gelamp sume d+age, +ta +ta se bro+dor on +tone
weg ferde to Benedictes mynstre, +t+at o+ter
wegferend hine sylfne to him ge+teodde, se b+ar mid him mettas
to +ticgenne in +tam wege.
<R 13.128.12>
& +ta +ta seo l+attre tid com, & seo ufere +t+as d+ages weox
& agan w+as, +ta cw+a+d se wegferenda to +tam 
+awf+astan m+an: bro+tur, cum hider, +t+at wit magan +ticgan 
mete +atsomne, +ty l+as wit wergien on +tisum wege.
<R 13.128.18>
he +ta andswarode +tam & +tus cw+a+d: feorr +t+at sy, +t+at
hit gewur+de, bro+tor.
<R 13.128.21>
nelle ic +t+at don, for+ton +te ic gewunode, +t+at ic com
f+astende to +tam arwyr+dan f+ader Benedicte.
<R 13.128.24>
+ta onfangenre +t+are andsware, se wegferenda geswigode sume
hwile.
<R 13.128.26>
ac +ta +after +tysum hi gefremedon medmycelne d+al +t+as
weges, +ta eft se wegferenda hine l+arde, +t+at hi
+aton, ac him nolde heran se +te getihhode, +t+at he f+astende
sceolde becuman to +tam halgan were.
<R 13.128.32>
& +ta geswigode se +te hine la+dode to ete & mid him f+astende
+ta gyt ferde & +t+at ge+tafode sume hwile.
<R 13.128.35>
ac +ta +ta hi +ta gyt fyrr 
<P 129>
foron on heora weg, & hi +ta seo 
ufere tid mid f+astene geswencte swa 
gangende in +tam wege, +ta gemetton hi f+agre m+adwe & 
easpryng, & eall swa hw+at swa mihton beon gesewene 
lustfullice +tone lichaman mid to gereordianne.
<R 13.129.7>
+ta cw+a+d se wegferenda to him: loca nu.
<R 13.129.8>
her is w+ater & m+adwe & geseoh, +t+at +tis is f+agru stow on
+t+are wit magon unc gereordian & hw+athugu 
gerestan, +t+at wit magon +after +ton +te ea+d uncerne weg
onsunde gefaran.
<R 13.129.14>
mid +ty +ta word gecwemdon his earum, & +ta stowe gelicodon
his eagum, & he +ta mid +t+are +triddan 
manunge [{gel+ared{] gehyrde his wordum & +at mid him.
<R 13.129.18>
+ta on +ta +afentide he becom to +tam mynstre, & +ta +ta he
w+as gecy+ded +tam arwyr+dan f+ader Benedicte, he
gewilnode him sylfum his bletsunge & gebedr+adenne.
<R 13.129.23>
ac sona se Godes werr him +t+at o+twat, +t+at he on +tam wege
dyde, +tus cwe+tende: hw+at is +t+at, bro+dur, 
+t+at +tu dydest?
<R 13.129.27>
se [{awyrgda{] feond, se to +te w+as sprecende +turh +tinne
geferan on wege, se +te +ane gel+aran ne mihte, 
ne eac +at +tam +aftran si+te ne mihte, ac +at +dam +triddan
cyrre he +te gel+arde & oferswi+dde to +ton +te he
wolde.
<R 13.129.34>
+da se +awf+asta man ong+at hra+de 
<P 130>
+ta scylde his tydran
modes, he w+as for+d onloten to +t+as halgan 
mannes fotum, & swa myccle ma ongan his scylde weopan & 
scamian, swa mycclum swa he hine sylfne ma 
ong+at +afweardne agyltan beforan his f+ader eagum Benedictes.
<R 13.130.8>
Petrus cw+a+d: me +tince+t, +t+at in +tam gehigdum +tyses
halgan weres w+are Heliseus gast +t+as witigan, 
for+ton +te he w+as andweard his +afweardum +tegne.
[}XIV. HU HE ARASODE +TA HIWUNGE TOTILLAN +T+AS CYNINGES.}]
<R 14.130.14>
Gregorius him andswarode: +te gedafena+d, Petrus, +t+at +tu
sume +trage geswigige, +t+at +tu ofer +tis mag+a
maran wisan ongytan.
<R 14.130.17>
so+tlice hit gelamp in Gotena tidum, +ta +ta Totilla cyning
gehyrde, +t+at se halga wer h+afde witedomes
gast, he ferde to his mynstre & +ta gewicode +t+ar naht feor
& +tam halgan m+an hine toweardne bodode.
<R 14.130.24>
+ta sona [{w+as onboden of +dam mynstre, +t+at he selfa come. 
+Ta ongan he sona, swa swa he w+as +ta git{] getreowleases 
modes wer, [{girnan{] , h+afde +t+at he sceolde gecunnian &
arasian, hw+a+ter se drihtnes wer h+afde witedomes gast.
<R 14.130.31>
+ta +t+as cyningces sweordbora [{w+as{] Ricgo gehaten, +tam
se cyning sealde his gescy & gedyde, +t+at he 
w+as gyred mid cynelicum 
<P 131>
hr+agle, & he bebead him, +t+at he
ferde to +tam Godes men, swylce hit se cyning sylfa w+are.
<R 14.131.3>
& eac on his +tegnunga he sende III ealdormen, +ta gewunodon,
+t+at hi him fylgdon beforan o+trum 
mannum, +ta w+aron +tus gehatene: Uult, Ruderic & Blidin, 
+t+at hi sceoldon beforan +t+as Godes +teowes eagum 
+tone ylcan Ricgan geonlician Totillan +tam cyningce, & +t+at 
hi sceoldon gan on +alce healfe ymb hine.
<R 14.131.13>
eac swylce him man gegearwode o+dre +tegnunge & gesette
swurdboran, to +ton +t+at hit w+are ge+tuht, +t+at 
he se sylfa cyngc w+are, ge for +tam +tegnungum ge for +tam
godwebbenum hr+aglum, +te he mid gegered w+as.
<R 14.131.19>
& +ta +ta se ylca Ricga mid +tam hr+aglum +tus gewlitegod w+as
gangende in +t+at mynster, & hine mid 
[{si+dode{] seo m+anigeo +tara +tegniendra manna, +ta s+at se 
Godes wer feorran lociende on +tone, +te +tiderweardes
w+as gangende.
<R 14.131.26>
& +ta sona swa hit mihte beon gehyred fram +tam, +te +tider
comon, Benedictus cleopode & +tus cw+a+d: 
alege, sunu, alege +t+at +tu byrst.
<R 14.131.30>
nis hit na +tin.
<R 14.131.31>
+ta sona feoll se Ricga on eor+tan & aforhtode, for+ton +te he
ge+tristl+ahte, +t+at he bysmrode swa 
<P 132>
mycclum & swa arwyr+tum were.
<R 14.132.2>
& ealle +ta men, +te mid him comon to +tam Godes men, w+aron
astrehte on +t+are eor+dan & eft arisende ne
dorston ne to him geneal+acan, ac eft gecyrdon to heora
cyningce & bodedon & s+adon swi+de forhte, on
hu [{mycelre{] hr+adnysse hi w+aron arasode.
<R 14.132.10>
+da se ilca Totilla eode him self to +tam Godes men, & +ta
+ta he geseah feorran hine sittende, he n+as
naht beald him to to ganne, ac hine sylfne astrehte on +ta
eor+dan.
<R 14.132.15>
& +ta se Godes wer cw+a+d twuwa & +trywa: aris, bro+dor,
aris.
<R 14.132.17>
ac swa +teah he ne dorste beon beforan him upp ar+ared of
+t+are eor+dan.
<R 14.132.19>
Benedictus +ta se Cristes +teowa w+as gemedemod +turh hine
sylfne, +t+at he geneal+ahte to +tam astr+ahtan
cyninge & hine +ta upp ahof & him for his agnum d+adum cidde &
mid feawum wordum him fores+ade ealle
+ta +ting, +te him towearde w+aron, & +tus cw+a+d: manega yfel
+tu wyrcest, & manigu +tu worhtest geara +ar.
<R 14.132.28>
ac l+at +te gestyran fram +tinum unrihtum.
<R 14.132.30>
+tu oferf+arest +tone s+a & bist gangende to Romesbyrig.
<R 14.132.32>
+tu rixast nygon g+ar & on +dam 
<P 133>
teo+dan +tu sweltest.
<R 14.133.1>
+ta se cyng +tas word h+afde gehered, he w+as swi+dlice
abreged & gewilnode +t+as halgan mannes 
gebedr+adene, & he him sy+d+dan onweg gewat, & sy+t+tan of 
+t+are tide he w+as swi+de unw+algrim.
<R 14.133.7>
+ta +after lytlum f+ace he gesohte Romesbyrig & ferde to
Siciliam +tam ealande, & +ta +te teo+dan g+are he
w+as his rices bereafod mid +t+as +almihtigan Godes dome.



<B COMARGA>
<Q O3/4 NN BIL MARGOE>
<N ST MARGOE>
<A X>
<C O3/4>
<O 950-1050>
<M 1050-1150>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WS/X>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>

[^TEXT:  A PASSION OF ST MARGARET.
ANGELSAECHSISCHE HOMILIEN UND HEILIGENLEBEN.
BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, III.
ED. B. ASSMANN.
DARMSTADT: WISSENSCHAFTLICHE
BUCHGESELLSCHAFT, 1964 (1889).
PP. 170.1 - 180.370 (XV)^]

[^B3.3.14^]
<P 170>
<R 1>
Efter drihtnes +trowunge and his +ariste, +t+at he of dea+de
aras h+alend Crist: on +tam dagum his 
halgan ge+trowodon for his +t+ara micclan leofan lufan.
<R 3>
Eac +ta gewear+d hit, +t+at +ta halga seagntes ofercomen +ta
deofla, +te wi+d heom gewunnon.
<R 4>
And +ta  ricene, +te on +tan dagum w+aron, h+afdon heom
geworht godes of golde and of seolfre; +ta 
w+aron dumbe and deafe and blinde, and eal +t+at h+a+tan folc
swi+de gelefdon on +tan godum.
<R 8>
Sum land is Anthiochia gehaten.
On +tam lande w+as an godes +teowa; se w+as Theothimus
gehaten; he w+as swi+de gel+ared  man.
<R 11>
And +t+ar on lande w+as sum h+a+ten cyningc, Theodosius
gehaten, and his cwen mid him.
<R 12>
Hit gewear+d swa, +t+at heo bearn gestreonedon and +t+at
wear+d geboren m+adencild.
<R 13>
And se h+a+tene cing his f+ader hit het ut aweorpan and men
swa dyde.
<R 14>
And se  godes +teowe Theothimus gefand +t+at cild and he hit
up anam and hit wel bef+aste to fedenne.
<R 16>
And +ta hit andgeat h+afde, he him nama gesette, and +t+at
w+as Margareta, and hi sy+d+dan to lare 
bef+aste, and hi +t+aron wel ge+teah.
<R 19>
+dis eadiga m+aden se arwur+da godes +teowa Theothimus  fedde
and l+arde and for+dbrohte, o+d +t+at hi XV
wintre eald w+as.
<R 21>
D+aghwamlice hi hire utsanges and hire gebedu georne gefylde
and +t+at ungel+arde folc swi+de mynegode
to ures drihtones hersumnesse, h+alendes Cristes, and +tus
cw+a+d: Gehera+d me, earma +teoda, +ag+ter ge
weres ge wifes, ge cnihtes ge m+agdenes, and healda+d f+aste on
<P 171>
eowre heorta +t+at +te ic eow secge and wissige.
<R 25>
Forwyrpa+d +ta deadan godas, +te ge her beforen to gebugan,
+te beo+d mid mannes handen gegrafena, and
gebege+d eow to ure sceppende gode almihtigne, Sanct+a
Marian sunu, h+alende Criste.
<R 28>
And ic eow behata and on hand selle, +t+at ge sculon finden
reste eowre sawlen mid gode  and mid 
his gecorenan innan paradyses myrh+te.
<R 30>
Seo eadiga Margareta w+as Theodosius dohtor; se gehersumode
+tan deofle and hi gehersamedo gode and
ealle his halgan.
<R 32>
+da geherde seo eadiga Margareta and hi hit on bocum fand,
+t+at +ta cinges and +ta ealdormenn and +ta
yfela gerefan ofslogen +afre and bebyrodon ealle +ta godes
+teowas, +te +t+ar on lande w+aron.
<R 35>
Sumne hi mid w+apnum acwealdon and sumne mid hatum w+atere.
<R 36>
Sumne hi onhengon be +tan fotum and sumne be +tan earmum.
<R 37>
Sumne hi pinedon mid wallende leade and mid hatum stanum.
<R 38>
Sumne heo mid sweorde ofslegen, sumne mid spiten betweon
felle and fl+asce +turhwr+acon.
<R 39>
Eall +t+at godes  +teowan ge+tafodon and ge+trowodon for
godes deoran lufan.
<R 40>
And +ta seo eadiga Margareta +tis eall geherde and geseah, hi
hi +t+as +te swi+dor to gode geb+ad and +tus cw+a+d: 
(\Domine Deus omnipotens, ego sum ancilla tua\) ;
Drihten god +almihtig, heo cw+a+d, ic eom +tin
+teowa cl+ana and ungew+ammed fram eallum mannum, +te
geborene  bi+d.
<R 45>
+te ic me bet+ace ungew+ammode, +t+at +tu me gehealde togeanes
+t+as deofles costnung strange and 
sta+tolf+aste on +tinre +t+are sweteste lufa, for+tan +te to 
+te nu is and +afre w+as and +turh +tin help +afre beon 
sceal min hiht and min hope and min so+te lufu.
<R 49>
+da gewear+d hit on anum d+age, +t+at hire fostermoder hi het
gan mid o+trum f+amnum on feld, sceap to 
hawienne, and hi swa dydo spinnende.
<R 51>
+da ferde Olibrius se heahgerefa fram Asia +t+ara burh to
Anthiochiam, axiende, hw+ar +ta w+aron, +te 
heora godan here noldan.
<R 53>
+da he on his wege rad, +ta beseah he on +t+at eadigan m+aden,
+t+ar +te hi s+at wlitig and f+ager onmang 
hire geferan.
<R 54>
+da cw+a+d he to his  cnihtum: Rida+d hra+te to +t+are
f+amnan and axia+d hire, gif hi seo frig.
<R 56>
and gif hi is, +tonne wille ic hi habban me to wife.
and gif hi is +teowa, +tonne wille ic gifen fih for hire and
h+abban hi me to cefase and hire scel 
beon wel mid me +turh hire f+agernesse and hire f+agre wlite.
<R 59>
And +ta cnihtes hire +ta to comon and hire to spr+acon,  
<P 172>
eall swa heom gehaten w+as.
<R 60>
+da Sancta Margareta heo to eor+tan gestrehte and hi hire
georne to gode geb+ad and +tus cw+a+d: 
(\Miserere mei, Deus, miserere mei\) ; Gemiltse me, drihten, 
gemiltse me, +t+at min sawle ne seo aw+ammod +turh
+tisum h+a+tenum mannum.
<R 64>
And ic +te wille biddan, +t+at deofle mine sawle ne beswican,
ne mine  treow+de fram +te ahwerfan, ne 
minne cl+ane lichaman gefylan.
<R 66>
Drihten leof, +afre ic +te lufode, and +tu wuldorcyning, ne
l+at +tu me naht beswican, ne n+afre min 
gewit fram +te gehwerfan, ne min m+ag+thad afylan.
<R 68>
Ac as+and me, leofa drihten, +tinne halga engel to fultume,
+t+at ic min gewitt and minne wisdom for+d
healdan mote,  for+ton ic eom gesett betweonen +tisum folce,
swa swa sceap betweonon wulfum.
<R 71>
and ic eam befangan eal swa spearwe on nette and eall swa
fisc on hoce and eal swa hra mid rape.
<R 72>
Nu help +tu me, leofa drihten, gehelp +tu me.
<R 74>
And +ta cerdon +ta cnihtas to heora hlaforde and cw+adon:
Nis +tin m+agn naht wi+d hire, for+ton +te hi 
lufa+d +tone god, +te +tine eldran aheongan on rode.
<R 76>
And +ta wear+d se gerefa swi+de yrre and het hi niman and him
to gebringan.
<R 77>
And he hire to cw+a+d and hire axode, of hwilcere +teode hi
w+are and hw+ader hi w+are Cristen and frig
o+d+de +teowa.
<R 79>
And seo eadiga Margareta him andwyrde  and cw+a+d: Ic eom
frig and Cristen.
<R 80>
And se cniht hire to cw+a+d: On hwilcum godum is +tin
geleafa, +te +tu on gelefst and for+d wilt get 
gelefan?
<R 82>
Seo eadiga Margarete him +ta geandswarede: Ic lufige god
+almihtigne, cw+a+d hi, and on him ic gelefa,
+te is f+ader and sunu and halig gast, +tone +te min
m+ag+thad f+agre and wel gehealdon  h+af+d.
<R 85>
+t+at is se +te +tine yldran ahengan and +turh +t+are d+ade
hi losian sculon, for+ton +te he is cyning and 
his rice ne wur+d n+afre nan +ande.
<R 87>
And +ta wear+d Olibrius swi+de yrre and het +ta f+agre f+amne
genimen and innon his carcerne belucen, 
+t+ar nan liht inne cumen ne mihte, and men swa dyde.
<R 89>
+da +tis gedon w+as, +ta for  se gerefa Olibrius to Antiochia
+t+are byrig, to his godan him to 
gebiddenne.
<R 92>
And he +tanan to his gereorde eode and amang +tan +te he +at,
he to his +tegnum spr+ac and +tus cw+a+d: On
hwilca wisa r+ade ge me, hu ic muge +tis m+aden bism+arian?
<R 94>
And hi ealle +ta swigedon.
<R 95>
+da se gerefa het hi ut l+adon of +tan carcerne and +t+at
w+as on +tan 
<P 173>
o+dre d+age and het hi bringan beforen him.
<R 96>
And he hire to cw+a+d: +du earma f+amna, l+at beon +tin
mycela mod, +te +tu to me h+afst, and gemiltse 
+tinum f+agran lichaman and gebide +te to minum gode and ic +te
gife +alc god genoh and +tu scealt eal 
mines godes wealden  mid me selfum.
<R 100>
Sancta Margareta him andswerode and +tus cw+a+d: Drihten hit
wat, +t+at ic min m+ag+thad wel +turh him 
gehealdan habbe, and ne miht +tu me beswican, ne +tu ne miht me
becyrran of minum rihtan geleafan, ne
fram minum rihte hlaforde.
<R 103>
And ic eom geara, cw+a+d hi, on drihten to gelefanne, +te
gesceop heofonas  and eor+dan, and he s+a 
bedraf, +t+ar +te heo wrohta+d d+ages and nihtes.
<R 106>
Olibrius +ta cw+a+d: Gif +tu nylt to minum gode +te gebiddan,
min swyrd sceal +tinne +tone f+agran 
lichaman eall to styccan forcyrfan and +tine lieman ealle
tosindrian, and +tine ban ic sceal ealle 
forb+arnan.
<R 109>
And gif +tu woldest me lufian and to minum godum +te
gebiddan, +te sceolde beon eall swa wel, eall 
swa me selfan.
<R 110>
And seo eadiga Margareta him andswerode and cw+a+d: Ic habbe
minne licchaman and mine sawla gode 
bebodan, for he is min hlaford and min help and min werigend
and min fultum wi+d +te and wi+d eallum 
+tinum leasum gewitum.
<R 114>
Crist hine selfne to +tan geeadmedde, +t+at  he for mancynne
micele +trowunge ge+trowode and na for his
gewyrhtum, ac for ure alesednesse.
<R 116>
and ic wille, cw+a+d hi, for his leofan wille bli+delice
+trowian.
<R 118>
+da het se gerefa hi niman and het hi be +tam fotan upp ahon
and mid greatum roddum beaton.
<R 119>
And seo eadiga Margareta  hire handan upp ahof and hi to gode
geb+ad and +tus cw+a+d: On +te ic 
gelefa, leofa drihten; and +t+at ic +te bidde, +t+at +tu ne 
+tole, +t+at ic n+afre forwur+te, ne +t+at me mine feond
n+afre oferswi+dan ne moten, for+tan min hiht is to +te,
leofe drihten.
<R 123>
And hi +ta get hire cl+ane gebedu for+d hild and +tus cw+a+d:
+afre wunu +tu mid me, leofa  drihten 
heofonlice cyng.
<R 125>
Miltse me and genere me of deofles anwealde.
<R 126>
Ealle +ta men, +te hire abutan stodon, to hire cleopoden and
+tus cw+adon: Hwi nelt +tu, earme f+amne, 
gelefan on ure gode and to ure hlaforde +te gebugan and lutan.
<R 128>
+ale f+agre f+amne, ealle we +te bem+ana+d sarlice, for+ton
+te we geseo+d +te swa nacode sittan  and +tinne
f+agra lichaman to wundre macian, and us +t+at +tinc+t, +t+at
he ah +tines gewald, hw+a+ter swa he wille to
dea+de o+d+de to life.
<P 174>
<R 132>
Gelef on ure gode, +tonne most +tu mid us lif habban.
Seo eadiga Margareta heom andswerode: +ale ge geleasan witan,
ga+d hra+de to eowrum weorce, for+tan 
+de min god is mid me on fultume.
<R 134>
Hw+at,  wene ge, +t+at me +t+at of+tynce, +t+at min lichame
+trowige?
<R 135>
Ic wat, +t+at min sawle is +t+as +te cl+anre mid gode.
<R 136>
Ac earme +teode, gelefa+d get on minum gode, and for he is
strang and mihtful and ealle +tan mannen
gefultuma+d, +te mid rihte fara+d and mid cl+anre heorte him
to gebidda+d, and he heom geof+d in 
paradise eardingstowe.
<R 140>
Ne +turfe ge n+afre +t+as wenan, +t+at ic +afre eowrum godum
me to gebidde, for+ton +te hi syndon dumbe 
and deafe and blinde and mid drycr+afte geworhte.
<R 143>
+da wear+d se gerefa eorre gewor+tan and cw+a+d to hire: +du
wyrcest +tines f+a+deres weorc, +t+at is se 
deofol self.
<R 144>
And seo  f+amne andswaro geaf: Hw+at, +tu nu, earming, mid
leasunge f+arst and me is min drihten on 
fultume.
<R 146>
+da cw+a+d se gerefa: Hw+ar is se god, +te m+ag +te gebeorgan
of mine handan?
<R 147>
Seo eadiga Margareta him to cw+a+d: Geswiga +tu earmingc, ne
h+afst +tu nan +tingc on me to donne, ac 
eall +tu eart full and +tu scealt faran into  +t+are nigenda
ni+thelle and +tu scealt +t+ar onfon +ta yfelan
geweorc, +te +tu her gefremest and gefremed h+ast.
<R 151>
+da het se gerefa hio nimon and be +tan fexe up ahon and b+ad
wyrcan scearpa piles and het wrecen 
betweon fl+asce and bane.
<R 153>
And seo eadiga Margareta hire handa up ahof and hi georne to
drihtne geb+ad and +tus cw+a+d:  +du, 
drihten leof, beo +tu me on fultume, for me beo+d abuton hundes
swa manega, and heo wille+d minne 
lichamen to sticcan gebringan.
<R 157>
Drihten leof, deme mine sawla and +tu genere minne lichome,
for ic ne recce +tise leasere +trowunge.
<R 158>
Gehelp +tu me, drihten, and s+and me fultum, +t+at ic wi+d
minum feondum fihtan muge, +t+at  ic mid 
minum eagne twam +te geseon mote on +tine rice.
<R 160>
+da +ta leasan gewiten hi swi+de gepinedon and se gerefa hire
to cw+a+d: Gecer, earme f+amne, to me and
to minum gode, and gif +tu nelt, +tu scealt to wundre
gewur+dan.
<R 163>
Seo eadiga Margareta him andswerode: Gif ic minne lichaman to
+te geeadmede, +tonne scealt +tu  inne
+t+at wallende pic into helle wite; +t+ar +tu scealt wunian
+afre.
<R 166>
+tonne miht +tu habban minne lichaman +te to g+amene, and god
h+af+d mine sawle fram +te generod.
<P 175>
<R 168>
+da wear+d se gerefa swi+de yrre and het hi innan +tam
carcerne belucen.
<R 169>
and hi in eode into +tam carcerne and mid Cristes  rodetacne
hi hi gebletsode.
<R 170>
and hi seofon tide +t+as d+ages +t+arinne ges+at and hi to
gode geb+ad and +tus cw+a+d: Drihten leof, +te ic
+tancige +teoses domes, +te +tu me in s+andest, for +tu eart
+alces mannes fultum, +te on +te gelefa+d, and
+tu eart f+ader ealra +t+are +te f+aderlease syndon.
<R 174>
And ne geswic +tu me n+afre, drihten leof, ac  help +tu me,
+t+at ic me bewerige wi+d minum feondum, and
ne l+at +tu me n+afre mine sawle beswican, for +tu eart
ealre demena dema and nu betweon me and 
heom.
<R 178>
+ta com hire fosterf+ader gan to hire and +turh an eah+tyrl
he hire to spr+ac and he hire brohte bread
and w+ater; +t+as w+ateres  hi gebreac and nanes breades.
<R 180>
And he hire +trowunge f+agre sette on godes bocum.
<R 181>
And hit +ta f+arunge gewear+d sona +after +tam, +t+at +t+ar
inn eode an grislic deofol; his nama w+as 
Ruffus.
<R 182>
And he w+as swi+de mycel on dracan heowe and eall he w+as
n+adderfah.
<R 183>
And of his to+tan leome ofstod, eal swa of hwiten swurde, and
of his  eagan swilces fyres lyg and
of his nas+tyrlum smec and fyr orm+ate mycel and his tunge
+treowe his sweore belygde.
<R 186>
Sancta Margareta hi to eor+dan gestrehte and hire rihtwise
gebedu to gode ges+ante and +tus cw+a+d: 
Drihten god +almihtig, georne ic +te b+ad, +t+at ic hine
geseage, and nu ic +te eft gebidde, +t+at ic hine 
ofercumen mote.
<R 190>
And hi +ta upp aras and hire earmes eastweard a+deonode and
+tus cw+a+d: Drihten god +almihtig, +tu +te 
gesceope heofona and eor+ta and eal mancyn and heora lif, +te
on heom syndon, and +ta +tu on rode w+are
gehangen and +tu to helle astige and +tu +tine halgan ut
gedydost and +tone mycele deofol Sathan 
f+aste gebunde: gehelp +tu  me, leofe drihten, +t+at ic +tisne
deofol f+aste mote gebinden.
<R 196>
And se deofol him +ta abalhc and +ta f+amne forswelgan wolde.
<R 197>
And seo eadiga f+amne sona mid hire swi+dre hand wi+d +tone
sceocca wel gebletsode and on hire 
forh+afde rodetacna m+arcode and swa wi+d +tone draca wel 
generode.
<R 199>
and seo eadiga f+amne  hal and gesund fram him gew+ante and
eall sticm+alum to+dwan se draca ut of 
+tan carcerne.
<R 201>
And hi nan yfel on hire ne gefelde.
ac hi sona to eor+dan gestrehte and hi geornlice to gode
geb+ad and +tus cw+a+d: Drihten leof, lof sy
+te selfum and wuldor ealra +t+are 
<P 176>
goda, +te +tu me dest and
gedon h+afst, and get is min hopa, +t+at  +tu
don wille aa in ealra worulda woruld.
<R 206>
And +ta hi hire gebedu gefyld h+afde, +ta beseah hio hio on
+t+are wynstre healfe +t+as carcernes and hi
o+terne deofol sittan geseah, sweart and unf+ager, swa him
gecynde w+as, and he +ta up aras and to 
hire weard eode.
<R 209>
+ta seo f+amne on him beseah, +ta  cw+a+d hi to +tam deofle:
Ic wat, hw+at +tu +t+ancst, ac geswic +tu +t+as 
ge+tohtes, for+ton ic wat eall +tin yfel ge+tanc.
<R 211>
And se deofol hire andswerode and cw+a+d: Ic minne bro+tor
Rufonem to +te ges+ande on dracan gelice, 
+t+at he sceolde +te fordon, and nu h+afst +tu hine mid Cristes
rodentacn ofslagen, and ic wat, +t+at +tu 
me mid +tinum gebedum  ofslean wilt.
<R 215>
Seo eadiga Margareta upp aras and +tone deofol be +tan fexe
gefeng and hine ni+ter to eor+dan gewearp.
<R 216>
and hi hirne swi+dre fot upp on his swire gesette and him to
cw+a+d: Geswic +tu earming, ne miht +tu 
to nahte minne m+ag+thad me to beswicenne, for ic h+abbe minne
drihten me to fultume.
<R 219>
and ic eam  his +teowa and he is min hlaford and ic eom him
beweddod, +te gehalgod is aa in ealra 
worulda woruld.
<R 222>
+da hi +tis gecwedon h+afde, +ta +t+arinne com drihtnes engel
and +t+ar wear+d inne swa mycel leoht, swa 
hit beo+d on midd+ag, and he h+afde Cristes rodentacen on
hande.
<R 224>
+da wear+d Sancta  Margareta swi+de bli+de and hio +tancode
gode eall, +t+at hi +ar and sio+d+don +turh gode
oft and gelome gesegon h+afde.
<R 226>
And hi +ta seo f+amne wi+d +tone deofol wordum d+alde and
+tus cw+a+d: Sege me earmingc, hwanan eart +tu 
o+d+de hwanon come +tu?
<R 228>
Se deofol hire to cw+a+d: Ic +te gebidde, for+ton +te +tu
eart gehalgod f+amne, +t+at  +tu +tinne fot of 
minum sweorum alihte, and ic +te secgan wille eall, +t+at ic
gedon h+abbe.
<R 231>
And hio +ta seo eadiga Margareta hire fot up ahof and he hire
s+ade eall, +t+at he wiste, and cw+a+d: 
Si+d+dan Sathan gebunden wear+d, si+d+dan ic mid mannum +afre
gewunode.
<R 234>
and manega godes +teowas ic gehwearf fram gode and n+afre ne
mihte me nan man ofercuman buton +tu 
ane.
<R 235>
Minne bro+tor +tu ofsloge and +tu mines eall geweald ahst,
for+tan ic geseo, +t+at god is mid +te.
<R 237>
And get ic +te mare secge of minum d+adum ealle syndrige.
<R 238>
For ic nam ealle w+astmes fram mancynne, +te on gode
gelefdon.
<R 239>
Sume ic spr+ace benam and sume heora hlyste, sumen  
<P 177>
heora fet and sume heora handa, and heo +turh 
+t+at creopeles wur+don.
<R 241>
Sumum ic eagen benam and sumum his gewittes.
Sume ic sl+apende beswac and sume eac wacigende.
<R 242>
Sume mid winde and sume mid w+atere.
<R 243>
Sume mid miste and sume mid dr+ance, ofte +tonne hio
ungebletsodon w+aren.
<R 244>
Sume mid slehte and sume on  some.
<R 245>
Sume on mor+dd+adum and sume mid o+dres mannes wife
geh+amdon.
<R 246>
Sume mid feowerfoted nytene for minum willen gefremedon and
sume heora eldran mid wordon 
gegr+amedon.
<R 247>
Eal +tis ic me ane wat and +t+at me nu hearde hreow+d.
<R 248>
+tin f+ader and +tin modor mine w+aron and +tu ane fram
f+ader and fram modor and  fram eallum +tine 
cynne to gode +tu gehwurfe.
<R 251>
And seo eadiga f+amna him to cw+a+d: Hwanan wear+d eow, +t+at
ge mihton ahan godes +teowes to beswicenne?
<R 252>
And +ta se deofol hire to cw+a+d: Sege me, hwanen is +tin
lif, Margareta, and hwanan beo+d +tine liman,
and hwu and on hwilce wise is Crist mid  +te; and ic +te
secge eall, +t+at ic wat.
<R 255>
And +ta seo f+amne to +tam deofle cw+a+d: Nelle ic hit +te
secgan, for+ton +te +tu ne eart +t+as wur+te, +t+at
ic wi+d +te wordum d+ale, for god is swi+de god and him sy
ge+tancod, for ic eam his nu and +afre ma 
beon wille.
<R 258>
Se deofol hire to cw+a+d: Sathana urne cyning, hine gewr+ac
drihten of paradises  myrh+te and him +ta
twa land ag+af; an is Gamne and o+der is Mambre.
<R 261>
And +tider he gebrinc+d ealle +ta +te he begeton m+aig of
mancynne.
<R 262>
Nu ic so+dlice +te to sprece and for +ti ne m+aig ic na l+ang
beon, for+ton ic geseo, +t+at god is mid +te.
<R 263>
Ac ic +te bidde, eadige f+amne, +t+at ic wi+d +te an word
d+alan mote, and ic +te h+alsige  +turh +tinne god
and +turh his sunu and his +tone halgan gast, +te +tu on
belefst, +t+at +tu me na mare yfel ne do.
<R 266>
And ic +te behate and +t+at +te gel+aste, +t+at ic n+afre ma
n+anne mon on +tisum life ne beswice and +t+at 
ic +tin bebod f+aste gehealdan wille.
<R 268>
And seo eadiga f+amne him andswarode: Gewit +te heonan on
weig and sea  eor+de +te forswelge and +tu 
+t+ar wunige to domes d+age.
<R 271>
And +ta +t+as o+dres d+ages se gerefa het, +t+at me him +t+at
m+aden toforen brohte.
<R 272>
and +ta seo f+amne ut of +tan carcerne gel+ad w+as, hio hy
sona seneda, +ta hio ut eode, and me +t+ar 
forwerhte men of Antiochia +t+are burh gesamnoden, +t+at hi +ta
f+amne  geseon woldan.
<R 275>
And +ta se gerefa to +t+are f+amne cw+a+d: Wilt +tu 
<P 178>
me get geheran and to minum gode +te gebiddan?
<R 276>
And hi +ta andswera ageaf: Ne +te, ne +tinum godum ic n+afre
ne lufige; ac +te wel gerisde, +t+at +tu 
minnen gode wel geherdest and lufodest, +tane +te lufa+d +alc
+t+are manna, +te hine mid inweardre heortan 
lufia+d.
<R 279>
+da  het se gerefa hio genimon and bead heom hire cla+des of
niman and hi up ahon bi +tan fotum, and
he het wallende stanes on hire f+agre lichaman geworpan, and
heo +ta leasan gewitan eac swa dydon.
<R 283>
And +ta cw+a+d se gerefa to +t+are f+amne: And nylt +tu me get
lufian, ne to minum gode +te gebugan, ne +te
to him gebiddan?
<R 284>
And seo  eadiga f+amne nolde him andswarigen nan word.
<R 286>
+da w+ar+d se gerefa swi+de eorre and het mycel fyr on+alan
and +anne cytel +t+arofer gesettan and b+ad 
+t+are f+amne fet and handan tosomne gebindon and innen +tone
weallende cetel gesetton.
<R 289>
And seo eadiga Margareta heo georne to gode geb+ad and  +tus
cw+a+d: Ic +te wille biddan, leofa drihten
cyning, +t+at +t+at w+ater gewur+de me to fulluhtes b+a+de
and to cl+ansunge ealra minum synnum.
<R 292>
And +ta +t+ar com fleogan drihtnes +angel and he +ta gehalgode
+t+at wallende w+ater to fonte and +ta halga
f+amne genam be +t+are swi+dre hand and of +tan w+atere +ta
f+amne gesette and hire on +tan  w+atere na 
la+d ne gewear+d.
<R 295>
+da +t+at geherdon and geseagon +te hire ymbstodan, wundor
heom +tuhte.
<R 296>
Hio geherdon stefne of heofone clypion to +t+are f+amne +tus:
Ic eom +tin godf+ader and +tu min 
goddohtor, and ic eallum gearige, +te on +te gelefa+d.
<R 298>
Eadig eart +tu, halig f+amna Sancta Margareta, for+ton +te
+tu +tine hande and +tinne  hige cl+ane 
gehylde and for minre lufu mycel ge+trowodest.
<R 300>
And embe lytle fece, n+as hit lang to +tan, eac hit sona
gewear+d +turh +t+are f+amne +trowunge, +t+at +t+ar
to gode gebugan fif +tusend manna.
<R 303>
+ta wear+d se gerefa swi+de eorra and he het ealle ofslean,
+ta +te on gode gelefdon.
<R 304>
And se gerefa cw+a+d to his +teowum  Malcum [^THE FOLLOWING 
FIVE WORDS MARKED FOR DELETION IN THE MS^] se ilca dernunga
gode ge+tenode: Gedrah +tu +tin swurd, 
cw+a+d se gerefa, and +ta f+amne +tu ofsleah.
<R 306>
And +ta godes wi+derwinnan +ta f+amnan genamon, ut of +t+are
byrig unger+adelice hi togoden, and +ta hi 
+t+ar becomon, +t+ar me hio slean scolde, and +ta leasan witan
to Malcum spr+acan and cw+a+don: Drah hra+ta
+tin  swurd and +ta f+amna +tu ofsleah.
<R 310>
And hire +ta to leat Malcus swa dreohlice and hire georne
b+ad and +tus cw+a+d: Gemune +tu me 
<P 179>
earminge on +tinum gebedum.
<R 312>
And seo eadige f+amne him to cw+a+d: Ic wille +te fore
biddan.
<R 313>
And hio hio to eor+tan gestrehte and +tus cw+a+d: Drihten god
+almihtig, +tu +te heofones gescope and 
eor+te  and eall +t+at men bi libba+d, geher +tu mine bene,
+t+at +alc +t+are manna synne sy forgiofene, +te 
mine +trowunge r+ade+d, and +alcum +t+are mannu, +te hi for
godes lufu geheran will+a+d.
<R 317>
And get ic +te, leofa drihten, biddan wille, +t+at +tu +alc
+t+ara manna, +te on minum naman cirice 
ar+are, and +tan +te me mid heora lihte gesecan willa+d  and 
mid o+drum +almessan and +tam +te mine +trowunge 
gewrita+d o+d+de mid heora figa gebicga+d, +t+at innan heora
husum nan unhal cild sy geboren, ne crypol,
ne dumb, ne deaf, ne blind, ne ungewittes.
<R 322>
ac forgif +tu, leofa drihten, ealle heora synna for +tinra
+t+are mycele ara and for +tinum godcundum
wuldre and for +tinre +t+are mycelen  mildheortnesse.
<R 326>
And hio hi eft ni+der gestrehte and heore hleor wi+d +t+ara
eor+tan gelegde and +ta ealle, +te hire 
ymbstodan, feollan heom on cneowgebedum.
<R 328>
And +ta ure drihten him self com of heofonum to eor+tan
astigan and hire sona to cw+a+d: Ic +te geofa 
and behate, swa hw+at swa +tu bidst and gebeden h+afst, eal hit
is +te gety+ded.
<R 331>
And eft cw+a+d ure drihten: +alc +t+ara +te on +tinre lufa me
to gebidda+d and +almessan bringa+d o+d+de mid 
leohte seca+d o+d+de +tine +trowunge r+ada+d o+d+de write
o+d+de mid his fige gebycge o+d+de inne his huse 
h+abbe, ne sceal nan yfel n+afre on him becuman.
<R 334>
and +alc  +t+are +te his synne forgifennesse habban wille on
+tinre lufan, eall hit sio forgifen.
<R 336>
Eadig eart +tu, Margareta, and ealle +ta +turh +te on me
gelefdon and gelefan willa+d.
<R 338>
And +ta seo eadiga Margareta up aras of hire gebedum feagre
gefrefred and cw+a+d to eallum +tam +te 
hire ymbstodan: Gehera+d  me, mine gebro+dra and swustra, ealda
and geunga, ealle gem+anelice.
<R 341>
Ic eow bidde, +t+at ge gelefan on drihten god +almihtigne and
on his sunu and on his halgan gaste.
<R 342>
And ic eow bidde, +t+at ge me on eowrum bedum gemunnen,
for+tan ic eam swi+de synfull.
<R 344>
+ta +ta hi hire gebedu gefylled h+afde, +ta cleopode hi
swi+de hlude +tone +te hi slean sceolde and 
cw+a+d: Malche, nim nu +tin swurd and do +t+at +te gehaten is, 
for nu is min time gecuman.
<R 347>
Malcus hire to cw+a+d: Nylle ic +te ofslean, for+ton ic geseo,
+t+at 
<P 180>
Crist is mid +te, and ic geherde, hu
he spr+ac to +te and cw+a+d, +t+at +tu his f+amne w+are.
<R 349>
And seo f+amne him to cw+a+d: Gif +tu nylt  me ofslean, nafa
+tu nan hlot mid me on heofene rice.
<R 350>
And he +ta Malcus to hire fotum gefyll and +tus cw+a+d: Ic
+te bidde, leofa eadige f+amne, +t+at +tu 
gebidde for me and forgif +tu me +tas wite, for min drihten hit
wat, +t+at ic hit unwillende do, +t+at ic 
+afre +tas d+ada gefremme.
<R 354>
And +ta seo f+amne hi to gode geb+ad and +tus  cw+a+d:
Drihten leof, forgif +tu him ealle +ta synne, +te he
gefreme+d h+af+d.
<R 356>
And he +ta Malcus his swurd adroh and +t+ara eadigra f+amne
+t+at heafod of asloh.
<R 357>
And seo eadiga f+amne Margareta hire sawle gode agef, and
Malcus on hire swi+dran uppan his swurda 
feol, and his sawle godes +angles underfeongan and +turh
+t+ara eadigra f+amne  bene gode bet+ahton.
<R 361>
+da hit geherdon ealle +ta untruman, +te w+aron +t+ar on
lande, ealle hi hire lic gesohton and heora 
h+ale +ter gefetton.
<R 363>
Sume hi w+aron blinde and deafa and sume crypeles and sume
dumbe and sume ungewitfulle.
<R 364>
Ealle hi heora h+ale +at +t+are halgan f+amnan onfenge, and
mycel mancyn, ealle +ta +te unhale w+are, 
+t+are f+amnen lic gesohton, ealle hi hale and gesunde on heora
wege ham gew+anton.
<R 367>
And ures drihtnes +angl+as +tider comon and +ta sawla
underfengon and heo on heofene rice gebrohton.
<R 368>
And nu hi is mid gode and mid eallum his halgum, and +t+ar hi
wuna+d nu and +afre  wunian sceal in 
ealra worulda woruld a buton +ande. Amen.



<B CMPERIDI>
<Q MX/1 IS HANDM PERI>
<N PDIDAX>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB MEDICINE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  PERI DIDAXEON.
LEECHDOMS, WORTCUNNING, AND STARCRAFT
OF EARLY ENGLAND, VOL. III.
ROLLS SERIES, 35.
ED. O. COCKAYNE.
LONDON, 1866.
PP. 84.16 - 144.4^]

<P 84>
[}WI+D OMAN.}]

   +Tus man sceal wyrcen +ta sealfe wi+d oman. & +tus he 
sceal beon +geh+aled. Nim litargio twenti+ge scillinga +gewyht.
& niwes limes twenti+ga scillinga +gewihte. & anne 
healfne sester ecedes. & feower scillinga +gewiht. (\de oleo
mirtino.\) & meng togadere. & gnid. swi+te +atsomne. 
mid +tan ecede. & +tanne nima man o+der ele. & 
meng +tarto & smyre +tt sare mid.

[} (\AD SCABIOSOS.\) }]

   Wi+d +tt heafod +te by+d toswollen +tt grecas (\ulcerosus\)
hata+d. +tt is heafod sar. +ta bula +te betwyx felle & 
fl+asce arisa+d. & on mannes anwlytan; ut berste+t. swa 
grete swa beane. +tus he scel beon +gehaled. nim win+geardes
<P 86>
s+at & gnid on w+ate. & le+ge uppan +tat sar.
& he by+d sona h+al.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft sona wi+d +tat ylca. Nim swearte beanen. &
cnuca hy swi+de smale. & byd hy to +tare wunda & selest
heo hit +gehale+d.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft sona nim mintan. & cnuca hy smale & le+ge
uppan +ta wunda. & ealle +ta w+aten +de +tarut ga+d of
+tan sare. eall heo hit adri+gh. & +geh+al+d +tt sare.

   Eft sona wi+d +gif +teo ylca adle cilde e+gelic. on
+geo+ge+te; Nim garluces heafud swa +geh+al. mid felle.
& mid ealle & b+arne hit to axan. & nim +tanne +ta
axan. & ele meng togadere & smire +tt sar mid. & +tt
by+d selys+te wi+d +ta adle.

[}WI+D WUNDA +TT SPELLA+D.}]
 
   And eft sona +gif +ta wunda to+dinda+t. Nim fyrs &
cnuca hine. & lege uppa +tat +geswollene. & hyt sceal 
sona settan.

[}WI+D TOBROCENE HEAFOD.}]
 
   Wi+d tobrocenum heafod. o+d+de +gewundedum, +te af
+tan w+atan by+d acenned. of +tan heafode. Nim betonica.
& cnuca hi & lege to +tare wunda; & eal +tat
sar heo forswyh+t.

<P 88>
[}WI+D HEAFOD SAR. (\DE CEFALAPONIA.\) }]

   (\Cefalaponia.\) +d ys heafod sar; & +tat sar fyl+g+t lan+ge
+tan heafode. & +tis synda +ta tacnu. +t+as sares. +tt is
+arest +ta +dunewenga cl+appa+t & eal +tat heafod by+d
hefi. & swa+go+d +ta earan. & +ta sinan on +tan hneccan;
s+ar+gia+d. +Tis sceal to botan +tan sare. do +tane
mann innan to ana huse. +te be no to leoht. [{ah
on{] +tustre. & be+gyte man hym rudan. swa mycel swa
he m+age mid hys han[{d{] byfon. & eordjui eal swa
micel. & laurtreowes leaf em mycel. o+d+der +t+ara beri+ga
ni+gon. & seo+t hit eall to gadere on w+atera. & do
+tarto ele. & smere +tt heafod myd. hyt by+d sona h+al.

[} (\AD VLCERA CAPITIS.\) }]

   To +tan mann +tt hys heafod +ac+t. o+d+der wurmas
an +tan heafedon rixiad. Nim senep s+ad. & n+ap s+ad.
& meng eced. & cned hyt mid +tam ecede +tt hit si swa
+ticce swa doh. & smyre +tt heafod foreweard. mid. &
+tis is anredes l+ace cr+aft.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) WI+D +TT YLCAN.}]

   Eft nim ladsar +tt teafur. & galpanj o+tres healfes
pani+ge whit. & gnid hyt to gadere mid wlacan ecede.
& nim +tanne +ta sealfe. & +geot on +t+as seocys mannes
eare. & l+at hyne liggen swa lange fort+tan eara hit
habben eal +gedrucan. & he by+d wundelice hra+te hal.

<P 90>
[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft nim ellenes pi+tan. & ecede. & wull eall to
gadere. & +geot +ta sealfan in +tat eare +gif se wyrme ys
+tar innan; sona he sceal ut gan. of +tan earen +gif he
+tar inna ys.

[} (\AD TORNIONEM CAPITIS.\) }]

   +Tis ys se lacecr+aft be +tan manne +tat hym +ting[{+t{] .
+tt hyt turn+ge abotan hys heafod. & far+t furwendum
brachenum. Nim man rudan. & cereuillan. & enne
leac. & cnuca +ta wurtan to gadere. Nim +tanne eale.
& buteran & ecede. & huni+g. & meng to gadere +ta
sealfe; mid +tare wulle +te ne com n+afre aw+axan; & do
inna +ta sealfen. & w+ate +ta sealfen inne ane panne
mid wulle & mid ell. nim +tane +ta wulle werme. &
be+te+ge +tt heafod mid. & him by+d sona bet.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft sone nim renw+ater o+d+der wulle w+ater +ta upw+ard
wyll+d. & cl+ane by+d. do hyt in an f+at. nim +tanne
anne linnenne cla+d. & do hine eal wate on +tan w+atere.
& byn hine sy+d+tan twyfeald. uppe +tan heafode. o+t
se cla+t dri+ge beon. & hym by+d sone bet.

[} (\JTEM.\) }]

   Eft sona nim balsme+dan & ele. & cnuca +tane balsme+tan
& menge sy+d+de wi+d hlutre ele & cnuca nim
+tanne ane +tanne & wyrme +ta sealfe innan. nim +tanne
+ta sealfe swa wearme. & bebin +tt heafod mid. & nim
<P 92>
eft sona pla[{n{]tagine[{m{] +tt ys webr+adan. & cnuca +ta
wurt to gadere. & meng ecede +tar to wyrce sy+d+dan
anne cli+tan +tar to. Nim +tanne +tane cly+dan & bynd
to +tan sare. +tanne scealt +tu wyrcen +dus +tone dreng
+tar to. Nim sauinan. & ambrotena. & cnuca hi. &.
do hi sy+t+tan on win. & meng piper +tar to. & sum d+al
huni+ges. & +ti+ge +tar of anne cuppan fulle on +arne
mor+ge. & o+terne an niht. +tanne he ga+d to bedde.

[} (\DE CAPITIS PURGATIONE.\) }]

   Wi+d +t+at +t+as mannes heafo+d cl+appita+d. & to ealre
+tare cl+ansun+ge +tas heafodes. & hit ys nid+tearf. wi+d +alc
yfel +tt man +arest hys heafod cl+ansi+ge. +tt ys +arest        #
twe+gen
sestres sapan. & twe+ge hunies. & +tre sestres ecedes.
& se sester sceal we+gan twa pund. be sylfyr +gewyht.
& nim hwytne stor & senep. & gingiber. +al wissa twels
peni+ga +gewihte. & nim rudan ane hand fulle. & organe
ane hand fulle. & ane +gelare pina hnutte. & do eal
+tys innan anne niwne croccan. & amor+gen +tanne seo+d
+tu hyt swa swi+de. +tat se +triddan d+al beo besodan.
nim hit +tanne & do in an gl+asfat. & man machi+a
stuf b+a+t. & ba+te+ge hine +tar on. & smyri+ge +tanne +tt
heafod mid +tare s+aalfe.

[} (\AD AURES.\) }]

   +Tis sceal to +tan earen +te wind o+t+te w+ater forclyst.
+tus man hy l+acnian sceal. +gif +tar sy swe+g o+t+te sar
innan +tan heasedan; on fruman do +tas sealfe. Nim
twe+gen styccan fulle godes eles. & grene diles twa hand
fulle. & rudan eal swa micel. & wyl on an niwen crocen
n+as to swi+de. +de l+asse +te ele his m+a+gn forleaosen.
<P 94>
wryng +tanne +tur linne cl+a+t. & do hyt on an gl+as
f+at. wyrme +tanne mann +tt heafod. & smyre mid +tare
sealfe & he binde +tanne +tt heafod mid ane cl+a+te ane
niht. wring +tanne garlec inne +ta eare alche d+a+g
after +tat he by+d h+al.

[} (\AD PAROTIDAS.\) }]

   (\Ad parotidas.\) +tt ys to +dan sare +te abutan sa earan
wycst. +tt man nemne+d on ure +ge+deode. healsgund. +tt +te
healsgund ys twera cunna. & he becume+t o+ter hwylum
an man. +tas +ta awergeda adle. & +tam mannan swy+dest.
se on sara seocnesse cealdne w+atan drinca+t. & +ta
healsgunda syndan twa cunna. +te o+ter by+d ea+de
to halene. & +t+a+ge non dolh ne wyrces. & o+ter syndun
+te grecas cacote hate+d. +tt synde awyrgede +tt +t+a+ge syndan
to a+gytenne eal swa hit her beforen se+g+d. for +tan
+te f+arunga hy atywe+t. & f+aringa awe+g. +gewite+t. buta
+alce l+acecrafte. & swa +teah micele frecnysse +getacn+a+d.
for +tan +te hi beo+d acennede of +tan swertan w+atan. &
hy reade atyw+t.
   +Tus hy man sceal h+alen. Nim webrade leaf ar sunne
upgange. nym +tanne hlaf & sealt. & swamm & cnuca
hyt eal to gadere. & wyrce to cly+dan & le+ge to +tan
sare. +tanne sceal hit bersten & h+ali+ge sona after.

[} (\AD CECITATEM OCULORUM.\) }]

   +Tis scal wy+d +tare ea+gene tyddernesse eall swa hypocras
+te l+ace hyt cydde. +tt yf +arest +t+at +d+at sar
becym+t on +da ea+gen mid mycelre h+atan. hwilum hit
<P 96>
cym+d. on mid w+aten. +tt hi beo+d to +tundene. & hwilum
buton +alce sore. +tat hi ablindia+d. & hwilum of +tan
flewsan +te of +tan ea+gean yrna+t. +tanne sceal hy man
+tus lacnian. +gif seo unh+al+te cym+t of +tare dri+gan h+atan
+tanne niman man ane cl+a+t. & waxen +ta ea+gan mid
+tan cla+de dyppe hine on watere. & gnide +ta ea+gean
mid. & +gif hi beo+t toswollene. o+d+der blodes fulle;
+danne scel mann settan horn a+t +tunwangan. & +gif hy
ablindia+t butan +alcon sare. sylle hym drincan catarcum.
& he by+d +gehaled. & eft sona. +gif ani +ting innan +ta
ea+gen byful+t. +tanne sceal man nime mede. o+d+der 
wyfes meolc. & do innan +ta ea+gen. & him by+d sona
bet.

[}WI+D TOTORE E+GEAN.}]
 
   +Tis sceal to +tan ea+gen se +gesle+gen by+d o+d+der         #
tore+gan.
nim berbene leaf. & cnuca hy swy+te. wyrc anne
cli+dan. swylc an litel cicel. & le+ge uppan +tt ea+gan anne
d+a+ge. & ana niht. Eft sona nim attrumu. & huni+g.
& +tt hwita of +a+ge. meng to gadere la+ge to +tan ea+gean
hym by+d sona sel.
   Eft sona wi+d +tan ylcan. nim niwne cysan. & screda
hyne on weallendan w+atere. & nim +tanne cyse. & maca
ealswa litles cicles. & byd to +tan ea+gean ane niht.

[} (\CONTRA GLAUCOMATA.\) WI+D EA+GENA DYMNYSSE.}]

   +Tis sceal wy+d ea+gena dymnysse. +tt +grecas nemnia+d
(\glaucomata\) . +tt ys ea+gena dymnesse. +tus me hyne sceal
l+acni+ge. nim wifes meolce +try sticc+as fulla. & cyle+tena.
(\id est celidonia\) wos anne sticce fulne. & alewan. &
croh; safran gallice. & meng +al +tas to +gadere. &
<P 98>
wring +durh linnenne cla+t. & do +tanne +ta sealfan inna
+ta ea+gen.

[} (\JTEM CONTRA CECITATEM.\) }]

   +Tis sceal wy+d ea+gen tyddernyssa. +te beo+t on +tan
+a+gmoran sara. nim myrta. & le+ge hy on huni+ge. &
nym +tanne +da myrta. & le+ge to +dan ea+gean. +tt +ta
ea+gen to +dinden. & nim +tanne rudan. & cnuca hy. &
men+g axan to. & le+ge sy+d+tan to +tan ea+gen. +tanne
+arest byt heo. swyle +ta brewas. & after +tan heo hyt
+glewlyce +geh+al+d.

[} (\JTEM AD EOS QUI NON POSSUNT UIDERE A SOLIS ORTU
AD OCCASUM.\) }]

   (\Ad nectalopas.\) +tt ys on ure +teodum. +te man +te ne
m+a+ge nengi +geseo after sunna upgange. +ar sunna eft
on setl ga. +tanne is +tis. +de l+ace cr+aft. +te +te +t+ar to
+gebyre+t. Nim buccan hwurf ban. & br+ade hit. & +tanne
+teo br+ade +geswate nim +tanne +d+at swot; & smyre mid.
+ta ea+gen. & after +tan ete +ta ylcan braden & nin +tanne 
niwe assan tord. & wrynge hit. nime +danne +tt wos. &
smyre+ge +ta ea+gen mid. & hym by+d sone bet.

[} (\AD ORDIOLUM.\) }]

   +Tis sceal wy+d +tat +te on ea+gen beo+t. +tt grecas hata+d
(\ordiolum\) +tt ys +te l+ace cr+aft. +de +tar to +gebyre+d.    #
Nim
bere mele & cned hyt mid huni+ge. le+ge to +tan ea+gen.
+tes l+ace cr+af[{t{] ys fram vel of mani+gum mannum
afandod.

<P 100>
[} (\JTEM AD IDEM.\) }]

   Eft sona nim beana melu. & sapan men+g to gadere.
& le+ge to +tan ea+gen.

[} (\JTEM AD SOMNUM.\) }]

   +Tis man sceal don +tan mane +te ne m+a+g slapan.
nim wermod. & gnid on wine o+d+der on wearme w+atere.
& drinca & hym by+d sona bet.

[} (\AD STERNUTATIONEM.\) }]

   +Tis +ta tylung to +tan manne. +te wel +gefnesan ne
m+a+ge & micel nearnesse on +ta heafedan habba+t. +tis ys
+te l+acecraft. +te +tar to +gebyre+d. Nim castorium o+d+der
elleborum & wyrc to duste. & do hyt innan +ta nosan.
& hyt bring[{+d{] for+d +tane fn+ast.

[} (\AD JNFIRMITATES LABIORUM & LINGUE.\)
WI+D LIPPE SAR.}]

   Eft sona +tes l+acedom sceal +tan manne +da hyra lippa
beo+d sare. o+d+der hyra tunga. & seo ceola. swa s+ar
by+t; +tt he earfo+dlice hys spatel forswel+gan m+a+g. +tus
hym man sceal tili+gan. Nim fifleafan. & dri+ge to
duste. & meng huni+ge. +tanne +tarto. nim +danne se
sealfe & smire mid. +ta lippa. & +da +gea+glas innan. &
hym sona bet.

[} (\EIS QUI SOBITO OBMUTESCUNT.\) }]

   +Tisne l+ace cr+aft man sceal don +tan manne +da f+arin+ga
adumbia+t. nim dwor+ge dwostlan. (\hoc est polle+gia.\)
& do hi on ecede. & nim +tanne anne linnenne cla+d. &
do +ta dwor+ge dwostlan on innan. & do +tanne beny+tan
his nosu. & he m+a+g specan sona.

<P 102>
[} (\JTEM AD INFIRMITATES LINGUE.\) }]

[}WI+D +TAM +TE SE STRENG UNDER +TARE TUNGA TO SWOLLEN BY+D.}]

   +Tisne l+ace cr+aft m+an sceal don +tan mannum +te se
stren+g under +tare tunge to swollen by+d. & +turh +tanne
streng +arest +alc untrumnesse on +tane man becum+d.
+tanne nim +tu +arest. +tane cyrnel +te by+d innan +tan
persog+ge. & cyrfetan cyrnel. & cawel stelan. to g+adere.
& ceorf +tane streng under +tara tunga. & do +tat dust
on innan. & hym by+d sona bet.

[}WI+D +TT FL+ASC +DE ABUTE +TE TE+T WUXT.}]

   (\Ad +ginciuas.\) +te grecas h+ate+d. +tt ys on ure +teodum.
+tt fl+asc +de abute +ta te+t. wuxt. & +ta te+t awe+g+d. &
astyre+t. nim forcorfen leac. & cnuca hyt & wring +tt
wos of anne sticcan fulne. & ecede anne sticcan fulne.
& huni+ges +try sticcan fulle. & do +tt hyt welle +trywa.
Nim +tanne swa h+atte swa he h+attest forbere m+a+ge.
& habban an d+al on hys mu+te. forte acoled beo.
+tanne eft sona o+der d+al. ealla swa. +tane +tt +triddan
d+al eall swa.

[} (\AD DENTES. DE CAUSA DOLORUM DENTIUM.\)
TO +TAN TO+TE.}]

   +Tes lacecraft ys to +dan menniscan to+tan +dat grecas
nemne+t (\organum\) . +tt ys on ure +ge+teodan. bysse           #
+genemned.
For +tan +turh +ta te+t; seo blissa sceal upp springan.
& manna arwyr+tnys. & ealle nyd+tearfnys. an +tan to+tan
ys +alc man wyte m+a+g. & +tan to+tan +ta tunga to
sp+ace +gesteal ys. +tanne +tt greccas nemnes ys +arest
(\tritumes\) . +tt synden +ta fyrst te+t. +te +arest on +gemete
wisdom. underfo+d. o+tre greccas nemne+d (\eumotici\) . +tt 
<P 104>
sindon +te te+t; +te +tane mete breca+t. sy+t+te +ta forme
hyne underfangene habb+at. +tanne grecces nemne+t
sume (\molides\) . +tt we h+ate+d grindig te+t. fore hy         #
grinde+t
+al +tt man by+gleofa+t. And oft mann smea+t hw+a+ter te+t
b+anene beon. for +tan +te +alc ban mearh h+af+t. & hy
nan mearh nabba+t. And o+tre b+an +teah hi beon to
brocene; mid suman l+ace cr+afte. hy man maj h+alen.
& n+afre +tane to+t +gif he tobrocen beo+t, oft of +tan
heuede se wyrsta w+ate cum+t; to +tan to+tan. on +tare
+gelicnesse +te hyt of huse dropa+d. on stan. +tan hyt
vin+d. & +tane stan +turh +turle+t. & +turh +treaw+t eal swa
+ta ufe w+ate of +tan heafod. fyl+t uppan +ta te+t. & hy
+tanne +turh +treaw+t & de+t +tt hy roti+ge+t. & to+tindda+t.
+tat +ta te+t +toli+gean ne m+a+ge ne h+ate. ne ceald. &
swy+test +ta grindig te+t. +te alc mid feower wyrtrume
+gef+astned by+d. & +tanne hy hero wurtruma forleata+t;
+tanne swearti+ge+d hy. & fealle+d. +tanne ys +te l+acecr+aft
+tar to. Nim sumne d+al on heortes hyde. & anne
niwne croccan. & do w+ater on. & seo+t swa swy+te. +tt
hit +triwa wylle swa swy+de swa w+ater fl+asc. Nim +tanne
+tat w+ater. & habbe on hys mu+te. swa wearm swa he
forbere mae+ge. fort hyt acoled beon. & +tanne hyt si
col; wyrpe hyt ut of hys mu+te. & nime eft wearmre
& do hyt eft col ut. & by+d sona bet.

[} (\JTEM AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft sona nim piper. & alewen. & sealt. & leaces
s+ad and huni+g. & men+g eal to gadere. Nim +tanne
se sealfe. & gnid +ta te+t mid. & +ta sealfe aflym+t fram
+ta to+ta eall +tt yfel.
<P 106>
   Eft sona hwitne stor. & laur beri+gie & ecede. meng
eal to gadere. nym +tanne ane panne. & wlece hyt
eall to gadere. +tt hyt wl+ac beo. & habbe on hys mu+te
swa wlac.

[} (\AD VSAM.\) }]

   +Tes lace cr+aft deah wy+d +tone huf. Nim piper. &
cumyn. & rudan +treora scyllinga +gewyht. & do +tar to
anne sticcan fulne huni+ges. Nim +tanne ane cl+ane
panne. & seo+d +ta sealfe +tt heo wel wealle. & styre hy.
swy+te. +geman+g +tan +te heo welle. nim anne cl+ane
f+at & do hy on. etan +tanne twe+gen sticcan fulle a
+afen. twe+gen a mor+gen. & by+t sona h+al.

[} (\PRO INFLATIONE GUTTURIS.\)
SOR MANNES +TROTE +TE BY+D TOSWOLLE.}]

   +Tes lacecr+aft deah +gif +t+as mannes +trota to swollen
by+d. & +ta ceola +tt greccas (\brahmas\) hata+t. +tis ys +te
l+ace cr+aft. sule hym supan +gebr+addan hrere +a+geran.
& huni+g to. & do hym bry+d of meolce +gemaced. & syle
hym ceruillan etan. & f+at fl+asc +tt beo wel +gesoden.
eta. & he by+d sona hal.

[} (\AD STRICTUM PECTUS.\) }]

   +Tes lacecraft sceal +tan manne. +te nerwnysse by+d
+at +tare heortan. & +at +dare +trotu. +tt he une+te specan
m+a+gan +tt sceal +tu hym +tus l+ara don. Nim leac &
cnuca hit & wrin+g +tat of syle hym supan. & hym
by+d sona bet.

<P 108>
[} (\JTEM AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft nim beana & ele. & seo+d +ta beana on eala. &
syle hym etan. & hy do+t +ta nearwnysse awe+g.

[} (\AD VOCEM PERDITAM RECUPERANDAM.\) }]

   +Tisne l+ace craft man sceal don +tan manne +te hura
stemna of fyl+t. +d+at greccas nemne+t (\catulemsis\) . +tus
+tu hine scealt lacnian. do hym forh+af+adnysse on
mete. & l+at hine beo on stille stowe. nim +tanne godre
butere twe+gen sticcan fulle. & anne sticcan fulne huni+ges.
& wyll to gadere. & l+at hine swel+gan. +ta sealfe
leohtlice. & sile hym +tanne leohtne mete. & drica
win. & hym cym+t bote.

[} (\AD JNFLATIONEM GUTTURIS.\)
WI+D MANNES CEOLA +TE BY+D S+AR.}]

   +Tisne l+ace cr+aft man sceal. don manne +te by+d +te
ceola sar. +tt greccas h+ate+t (\gargarisis\) . nim niwe beane.
& puna. nim +tanne eced. o+d+der win. & seo+d se beanna.
& nim ele. & meng +tar to. o+t+ter spic. +gif man ele
nabbe. & do +tar to wille. on ana panna. Nim +tanne
wylle. & dype on +tare sealfe & bind +ta wulle to +tare
ceolan.

[} (\AD COLLI INFIRMITATEM.\)
WY+D HNECCAN SAR.}]

   +Tes l+acedom is god manne +te hyra hnecca s+ar by+d.
& eal se swyra sar+gia+d swa swi+de +tt he +tane mu+t unea+te
to don m+a+g. +tt sar greccas nemne+t (\spasmus\) . & ys on
<P 110>
ure leodene hneccan sar. +tis ys +te l+acedom +tar to.
Nim ane hand fulle mintan. & cnuca hy. & nim
+tanne anne sester fulne wines. & ane pundes +gewyht
eles. meng +tanne eall to +gadere & seo+d hit swa swy+de.
+tt +t+as wines. & +t+as eles. ne sy na m+are +tanne +ar w+as
+t+as eles. +ta hit dri+ge w+as. wring +tanne +turh cla+t. &
wurp awe+g +ta mintan. & nim wulle. & wyrcean twe+gen
cli+dan. of +tare wulle. duppe +tanne +done cli+tan on
+tare sealfe. & le+ge to +tan hneccan. +tanne eft sona
+tane o+terne. & do +tane o+terne awe+g. do +tus fiftine
sy+tan. nim +tanne o+tere wulle. & wyrm to heor+te. &
heo beo swy+te wearm. & bynd to +tan hneccan. +tanne
byn twan tide do +ta wylle awe+g. & nim +ta ylcan
cly+tan. +te +tar +ar w+aran. do +tar to on +ta ylcan wisan;
+te +tu +ar dydest.

[}WI+D +TAN YFELAN ON MANNES SWURE.}]

   +Tisne l+ace cr+aft man sceal don; mannum +te hyra
swyran mid +tan sinum fortogen beo+t. +tt he hys n+an
+geweald nah. +tt greccas hata+d (\tetanicus\) . +tys adle. ys
+treora cynna. +tt an cynn. greccas h+ata+d (\tetanicas\) .
+tat syndan +ta menn. +ta rihte ga+d upp a+tenedan swyran.
& ne ma+gan abu+gan fora untrumnesse. And
+ta o+ter adle sit +tus on +tan swuran. +tt sa syna teo+d
fram. +tan cynne; to +tan breostan. +tt he +tane mu+t
atyne ne m+a+g. fore syna +geto+ge. & +t+a+ge greccas
nemne+d. (\brostenus\) . & +te +trydde adle sitt. +to on +ta
swyran. +tt sa syna teo+t fram +tan cynn bane to +tan
[{sculdre{] . & +tane mu+t awoh bredda+d. Do hym +arest
<P 112>
+tanne +tisne l+acecr+aft. wyrce hym arest hnesce bedd. &
macian wearm fyr. +tanne sceal hym man l+aten blod.
on +tan earme. on +tan middemyste +adra. & gif +tan 
+geh+aled ne by+d; +tanne teo hym man blod ut betweoxan
+tan sculdran; mid horne. Nim +tanne eald wyn.
& ealde rusel. nim +tanne ane panne. & seo+d +tane rusel.
& +tat wyn. swa swy+te fort se ruse habbe bedruncan
+tat wyn. Nim +tanne wulle. & t+as hy. & maca hy
swylce anne cly+ta. & le+ge +ta scealfe on uppan. &
bynd +tanne to +tan sare. myd ane cl+a+te.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft sona nym buteran. & ele. & meng to g+adere.
nim +tanne winberian coddes. & galpania. & anan. &
cnuca eall to g+adere. & wyl in +dare buteran. & on
+tan ele. & do to +tan sare ealswa hyr beforan sei+d.
do hym +tanne hnesce mettas & godne drincan. eal
swa hit beforen sei+d. swylce hwile swa hym hit be+turfe.

[} (\AD PORMONES. ID EST AD INFIRMITATEM MANUUM.\)
WY+D SARE HANDA.}]

   +Tes l+ace cr+aft is god wy+d sare handum. & +tara
fingra. sare. +tt greccas hata+t (\pormones\) . & on leden
(\perniciam\) man hyt h+at. Nim hwitne stor. & seolferun
syndrun. & swefel. & meng to gadere. nim +tanne ele.
& meng +tar to wurm +tanna sa handa. & smyra +tar mid.
bewynd +tanne +ta handan mid linnen cla+te.

<P 114>
[} (\JTEM AD INFIRMITATEM MANUUM.\)
WY+D +TA HANDA +TE +TT FELL OF GA+D.}]

   +Tis ys to +tan handan +tt +tat fel of g+a+t. & +tan fl+asc
to springa+d. nym winberian +te beo+t acende +after
o+tre beri+gian. & cnuca hy swy+te smale. & do hy on
buteran. swy+te. & smure +tt sar +gelomelice mid. b+arne
+tanne streuw. & nime +ta axan. & strewe +tar uppe.
   Eft sona nim dracentan wyrtruma. & puna hy
smale. & wyll hy on hunige. & le+ge +tanne uppan
h+andan.

[} (\AD INFIRMITATEM MANUUM.\) TO HANDUM.}]

   +Tis lace cr+aft sceal to +tan handan. +te +tt fell of
pyle+t. Nim betan ane hand fulle. & lactucan ane
hand fulle. & coliandrane ane hand fulle. & cnuca eall
to gadere. nim +tanne cruman & do on w+ater. & +ta
wyrt mid. & wurme +tanne wel +ta wurtan on +tan w+ater.
& +ta cruman mid. wyrc +tanne cly+tan +tar of. & bind
uppan +ta handan ane niht. & do +tus +ta lan+ge. +te hit
be+turfe.

[} (\JTEM AD VNGUEM SCABIOSAM.\) }]

   +Tis sceal to scurfedan n+a+glum. nim plum sewes anes
scyllin+ges +gewyht. & swe+gles +apples. twe+gean scyllenges
+gewyht. & cnuca hy to gadere. smyre +ta n+a+glas mid.
& l+at hy beon swa +gesmyrede.

<P 116>
[} (\AD EOS QUI NON HABENT APPETITUM AD CIBUM.
YPOCRAS DICIT QUOD HIS INFIRMITATIBUS. DE CAUSIS                #
AEGRITUDINUM.\) +DE}]

   +Tis ys god ta +tan mann. +te hura metes ne lyst.
+tt greccas hata+t (\blaffesis\) . +tt ypocras segge+t +tt seo  #
untrumnys; 
cym+t of +trim +tingum. o+t+ter of cyle. o+t+ter
of miclum h+ate. & drince. o+t+ter of lytte +ate. &
drince. o+t+ter of miclum wernesse. +Gif hyt cume+t of
+tan cyle; +tanne scealt +tu hym helpan. mid ba+te. +gif
hyt cymet of mycele drence; +tanne scel he habba                #
forh+afdnysse. 
+Gif hyt cyme+t of mycle swynce; o+t+ter of
earfodnysse. +tanne scealt +tu hym don eced wy+d huni+ge
+gemenged. o+t+ter drinccan ecede wy+d leac +gemenged.
+gif +ta untrumnysse cum+t of +tan cyle. +tanne nim +tu
beferes her+tan. & barne to duste. & grind piper. &
meng piper & +tt dust to gadere. & nim sticcan fulne
+tas +gemengedes dustes & do in ane cuppe fulle wynes.
& wlece +tanne +tt win mid +tan duste. & sile hym drinca.
O+t+ter nim peretrum wy+d mede gemenged. swa micel
swa +gemenged [{w+as{] +t+as o+teres & sile hym drince.

[} (\AD STRICTUM PECTUS. SIUE AD AS[{TH{]MATICOS.\) }]

   +Tisne l+acedom do +tan manne +ta hym beo+d on hyra
brosten nearuwe. +tat greccas h+ate+d (\asmaticos\) . +tt ys
nearunyss. & unea+te m+ag +tane fn+ast to do. & ut
abringan. & h+af+d h+ate breost & by+d innen mid
micle nearnysse. & hwilan he blod hr+ac+t. & hwylum
<P 118>
mid blode +gemenged. & hwile he ri+ta+t. swylce he on
dueorge sy. & micel spatel on ceola wyxe+t. & syh+t adun
on +tara lungane. & +tus by+d +tat yfel acenned. +arest
+tur mycele +ate+t. & drincas. +tt yfel hym on innan
wyxt. & rixa+d. swa swy+te; +tt hym n+a+ter ne mete+t
ne eala+t ne lyst. +tus +tu scealt hine halan. do hyne
in to +tan huse. +te beo n+a+ter. ne to h+at. ne to
ceald. & l+at hym l+ace blod. on +tan wynstran earme
+gef he +tare ylde hafe+t. +gif +tu +tanne on +tan earme
ne m+a+ge. +tanne scealt +tu hym l+aten blod: mid cyrfetum
betwex +tan scoldrum on +ta ylcan wysa. +te mann
mid horne de+d. +gyf wyntra sy. +tanne scealt +tu niman
pollegian. & seo+d hy on watere. nim +tanne +ta wyrta.
& wyrce togadere. swa micel swa celras. +tacc yt +tanne
+gelomelice mid +tan wermum w+atere betwex +tan scaldrun.
o+t+ter mid harehunan. +gif +tu dueor+ge duostle
n+abbe. & +gif +tur +tis h+al ne beon; nim uentosam &
le+ge under +ta earmes. & anbutan +tane m+a+gen. & nim
+tanne fele cyne wyrta & wyrc to sealfe. & smeri
abatan +tane m+a+ge mid. sare selfe. nim +tanne hnesce
wulle. & dupe on ele. +te beo of cypressan. & smyre
anne cl+a+t mid +tan ele. & wri+d +tane cl+a+t abutan +tane
m+a+gan. & smyre abutan +tane swyran mid +tan ele. &
abutan +ta hri+gbr+ade +geloemelice. wyrc +tanne cly+dan
of eor+tan +ta mann nemne+t nitro. +ta by+d fundan on
ytalia. & do +tar piper to. & le+ge to +tan sare. fort +te
man wearmie. nym +tanne nard. & pintreowes s+ap. &
panic. & wyrc +t+ar drenc. & syle hym drince. Nim
+tanne eft. cicena mete ane handfulle. & +try +apple of
celidonia. Nim +tanne ane healfne sester wynes. &
seo+t hi fort hy beon wel +gesodene. syle hym +tanne
drincan +try d+a+ges. +alce d+a+g ane cuppan fulne.

<P 120>
[} (\JTEM AD PECTUS. AD JDEM.\) }]

   +Tes l+acedom sceal to +tan mann +te by+d yfele on +tan
breostam. +tur +ta breost fela freccenysse synden. +te
on +te manne becume+t. & so+t ys +tt +alc w+ate cym+d
+arest ut of +tan ma+gan. & +tur +tane w+aten +ta breost
beo+t +geheafu+gede. & +ta heorte +ge sydu. by+d +gefullede
mid yfele blode. & +after +tan ealle +ta +adran slapa+d.
& +ta sina forto+gia+d. & eal se lichama by+t fah. & +ta
eaxle s+ar+gea+t. & sa sculdra+t teo+t togadere. & hyt
prica+t innan +tan sculdru. & on +tan hri+g+ge swilce +tar
+tornas on sy. & hys andwlita by+d eall awend. +tanne
+tu +tas tacnun+ge seo an +tan manna; +tanne scealt +tu
hym blod l+atan. & +gif +tu ne dest; hit cym+d hym
to mucele & stran+ga adle. for +tan +ta +addra. & +ta
lime beo+t +gefullede myd mucellere fulnesse. for +tan
we bidda+t +ar+ast. +tt mann hym wyrce speau drenc. for
+tan eal +tt yfel +te by+t. on +tare heorta. & on +tan
breoste. eall hyt sceal +tanne ut. & beo +ta heorta
& +ta breost & +tt heafod; swa wel +geclans+ad. & +gif he
+tanne +ta spatl swy+te ut sp+ate. +tanne ys +tat +te
yfela w+ate. +te on +tan heafode rixa+t. & eall se
lichama +gesw+ared by+t. & +gehefe+gud eal swylc he of
mycele swynce come. & ealle he by+t +geswenced. & bute
he +te hra+tur +geh+aled beo; hyt cum+d hym to mycele
yfele. +tus man hine sceal l+acnie. he hine forhabban
wy+d feala cunna metas. & drencas. & wy+d +gebr+ad fl+asc.
& wi+d +alces orffer fl+asc. & +te cudu ceowe. & drince
<P 122>
leoht wyn. +tt hym ne +tyrste. Ac ceowe hwytes
cuduwys s+ad. & fiffin+gran +alce d+a+g. +ar he etan. &
wite +tu +gewyslice +gif he mid earfodnysse hwest. & hyt
ut hr+ac+t. +tanne ys +tt cl+ansun+ga +tara breosta.
+tanne sceal he etan. dri+gne hlaf. & cyse ne cume
he on nane cyle. +te hwile +te heo seoc beo. ac beo
hym on wermum huse. & h+ate hym man b+a+t. swa
hra+ta swa hys wisa godi+ge. Nim +tanne earixena wyrtruman.
& gl+adene more. & swearte mintan. &
muc+gwurt. & dri+ge to duste. & de +t+ar +acern to. o+t+ter
hw+atena flysma mengc tog+adera meng +tar +tanne huni+g
to. & wynberi+gera coddes. & pices sum d+al. & hwyttre
gosu smere. seo+d +tanne eall togadera. on anu niwe
croccan. nim +tanne wulle +te ne com n+afre awaxen.
wyrc cli+tan +t+ar of. le+ge +t+ar uppa +ta sealfe wel +ticce.
wry+d +tanne to +tan breostan. swa h+at swa he hattest
forberan m+a+ge. +tanne +teo beo acoled; le+ge o+terne
wearme +tar to. & do +tus +de hwyle hym +tearf sy. wyrce
hym drenc gode. +te +a+g+ter cl+ansi+ge +ge +ta breost. +ge
+tane inno+t. & bace hym man. +tanne wearmen hlaf.
be heor+te. & ete +tanne mani+ge d+a+ges +tane hlaf +te
wyrm. Nim eft cicene mete. & wermod. & lauberi+gan;
& hwytt cudu o+ter +gerusodne ele to. & gnid eall
togadere mid ele. mid eall. wyrme +tanne +ta breost
to heor+tan. & smyte hy +tanne mid +tare sealfe.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft nim cicene mete & seo+t on wine. do +tanne ele
to. +te beo of frencissen hnutu. & drince +t+at.

<P 124>
[}WY+D +TAN SCEARPAN BANE +TE BETWEOX +TAN BREOSTAN
BY+T.}]

   +Tus man sceal wyrcean +tane cli+tan to +tan scearpan
bane. +te betweox +tan breostum by+d. +gif hyt sar si+g.
nim ealdne swynes risel. twe+gea punda +gewiht. &
wexas syx scyllinga. +gewyht. & eles swa mycel. & +t+at
s+app of cypresso. swa micel. & fearres smere. fif
scillinga wyht. & panecis fif scillin+ga +gewyht. & ysopa
feower scillinga wyht. & galpanan. feower scellinga
wyht. & beferes. her+tan. feower scillinga+t wiht. &
hwitere gose smere anes sceallinges. wyht. & euforbeo
swa micel. & wyne +al togadere. & do in ane boxs.
& nime sy+t+tan swa oft. swa he be+turfe.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft sona to +tan ylcan nim niwe butera. twe+gen
d+ales. & +tane +triddan d+al nifes huni+ges. & ane gode
cuppan fulle. wines. & h+at +tat wyn on ane cl+ane
panne. & +tanne hyt wel h+at by+d; do +tt huni+g. & +ta
butera +t+arto. & syle hym +tanne drinca f+astende ane
cuppan fulle.

[} (\AD VMBILICUM.\) }]

   +Tisne l+acedon man sceal do +tan manne se his nafulsceaft
intyh+t. Nim eorme leaf. & seo+t. & wry+d +tanne
swa h+at uppan +tane nafelon.

[} (\AD JDEM.\) }]

   Eft sona to +tan ylcan. Nim hwit cudu & weremod.
& cicena mete. & wyll eall togadere. nim +tanne +ta
<P 126>
wyrta & streuwa uppa ane cl+a+te & bynd swa hate uppa
+tane nafelan.

[}WI+D HEORTAN & SIDANE SORE}]
[} (\AD MORBUM CORDIS & LATERIS.\) }]
[}WY+D HEORTAN +GE SYDU UNH+ALE.}]

   +Tisne l+acedom mann sceal do +tan mann +teo beo on
heora heortan +ge sidu unhale. +tus +tu scealt +tat yfel
ongyta. on +tan manne. hym by+d hyuuene eall swylce
he si eall to brocen. & he hwest swy+te hefelice. &
micelne hefe +gefret. +at hys heortan. & +tat he ut
hr+ac+t; by+t swy+te +ticce. & h+afet hwyt hyw. +tan
scealt +tu hine +tus lacni+gean. Nim grene helda. &
cnuca hy. swy+te smale. & nim ane +a+g. & +ta wurt &
swyn+g togadere. nim +tanne swynes smere. & ana cl+ane
panne. wylle +tanne +ta wurt mid +tan +a+ge. on +tan swunes
smere. innan +tare panne. fort hyt +genoh beo. & sile
him f+astenda eta. & +after +tan he sceal f+asten seofan
tide. +ar he +ani+gne o+terne mete etan. & +gif nabbe
grene helda; nime +tat dust. & m+aci+ge mid +tan +a+ge
& bruce. +tysses l+ace cr+aft fort he by+d h+al.

[} (\AD EOS QUI NIMIS SALIUAM CONSPUUNT.\) }] 
 
   +Tis sceal +tan manna to l+acr+afte +te swy+te hyra swatl
ut spiwa+t. & hy habba+t swy+te heue ma+gan. +tanne ys
god +tt mann fore sceawie hwanne seo seocnysse si+g. for
+tan +teos +adle [{ne{] e+gla+d +alce manne +gelice. sume men
hyt ea+gles of +tas heafedes w+aten. & sume men hyt
ea+gles +tanne hi f+astende beo+t. & hy swy+tust hyre spatl
<P 128>
ut spiwa+t o+t hy fulle beo+t & n+afre hy ne swyca+t. ac
+tanne hi hungrie beo+t. +tu miht +ta adle +gecnawa.
for+tan of +tara h+aten by+d +tt spatl tolysed. & +ta micele
spatl of +tara mycele h+ate. ealswa +tt treow +tt man on
heor+te le+ges. for +tare mycele h+aten +te +tt treow barned
beo+t +tare wyl+t ut of +tan ende water +tus +tu hyne scealt
l+ac+gnie. Nim gingyfran. twelf pene+ga wyht & piperes
feower. & twenti+ga pene+ga +gewhyt. & huni+ge heahta
& feorwerti+g pene+ga +gewyht. men+g +tanne eal +tas to
gadere. & sille hym f+astende etan; +tar of twe+ge sticca
fulle. o+t+ter +tru.

[} (\AD ACIDIUA.\) }]

[}WY+D +TT H+ATE W+ATER +TE SCYT UPP OF +TAN BREOSTEN.}]

   (\Ad acidiua\) +tt hys +tt h+ate w+ater +te scet upp of +tan
breostan. & hwylan of +ta m+a+ge. +tanne sceal he drinca
fif handfulle scealtes w+ateres & nim eft sona wermodes
s+ad. & seo+t hyt on watere & menge +t+arto wyn. &
drince hyt +tanne. eallswa nim. +tro piper corn. o+t+ter
fif & hete hyt. Eft nim bettonica. anes scyllingas
+gewyht. & seo+t on w+atere. & sile him drinca f+astenda.
Nim eft rudan. & cnuca & le+ge hy +tanne on eced. &
sile hym f+astende drinca. Eft sona nim lufestices s+ad.
ane handfulle; & ete hyt.

[} (\POTUS PROUOCANS VOMITUS. AD UOMITUM.\) }]

   +Tes lacecr+aft sceal +tan mann +tt spiwan wyllan. Wyte
+tu +gewyslice +tt se speau drenc dea+t him mycel +god.
& fultum. +ge on +ta breostan. & on heort +ge sida. &
on +tarra lun+gane. & on +tare milta. & on +tan inno+t.
<P 130>
& on +tan m+a+ga. +ge on ealle +ta yfele w+ata +te wy+tinna
+te m+a+gen beo+t. & abeotan +ta heortan. eall +te drenc
afyrsa+t. & acl+ansa+t. & +ta hylc +ting swa +tar weaxan +te
by+d; to yfele in +tan mann. +Tur +tane drenc he sceal
beon +gely+tegod. & alysed. +te sp+au drenc ys god +ar
mete. & betra +after mete. for+tan +te ealde l+aces hyt
+tus wrytan. +tat seo fastnysse +t+as yfeles w+atan on +tan
heafede. & +tt oferflawende yfel on +tan breostan; by+d
astired +after +tan mete. & se yfela w+ata on +tan
+gellan by+d eac astired. +tanne +tur +tane dreng; he by+d
afeormud. & ne +ge+tafa+t +tt +t+ar +ani+g yfel w+ata beo
+gesamnad. innan +tan m+a+gen. +tus +tu scealt +tane
sp+aaw drenc wyrcean. Nim smale napes. & le+ge hy on
eced. & do +tar huni+g to. & l+at hy lic+gean ane niht
+t+ar on. of+gotene. ete +tanne a mor+gen. fort he full
sy drince +tanne after wearm w+ater. Nim +tanne an 
fe+dere. & dyppe on ele. & stynge on hys mu+te. o+t+ter
his fingers do on hys mu+t. +tt he +tane sp+au drenc
astyrie. & eft sona. Nim cuppan fulle w+ateres & sealti
& meng swy+te to gadere. of +tt sealt moltan sy. do
hyt +tanne on ane croccan an nyht. nim hyt a mor+gen
& dreahne hit +turh linnen cl+a+t. & syle hym drinca.
+tanne se drenc hyne styr+ge. +tanne sile him drince
+gelomlice wearm w+ater. +tt he +ta bet spiwe.

[} (\POTUS LEUIOR AD VOMITUM.\) }]

   And eft +gyf +tu wylle sile hym leohtran dreng. Nim
+tanne wearm w+ater. & syle hym drincan. duppe +tanne
a fe+ter on ele. & do on hys mu+t. o+t+ter hys fingres
& he spi+t sona. Eft sona endlufan leaf on bul+ga+gine
of +geot hy ane niht. mid wyne. +tanne on mor+gen nim
<P 132>
+ta leaf & cnuca hy on treowenum f+ate. & of +geot hy
mid +tan ylcan wyne +te hy +ar of+gotene w+aran & sile
hym drincan. Nim eft eallan wyrte wos swa wearm 
twe+gea d+ales. & huni+ges +tan +triddan d+al. & meng to
gadere & sile hym drincan fastende. & nim eft swana
grene cyrf+atan an handfulle. & do hy on wyn. & do
+tar to huni+ge. & do hy on ealu. & sile drinca. & eft
sona nim curfettan wyrtruman. & cnuca hy. & wring
+t+ar of anes +a+ges sculle fulle +t+as woses. & eles +ane
+a+ges sculle fulle. & ellan wyrte. wurtrumem. nim
+tanne & cnuca hy. & wrin+g. +t+ar of ane sculla fulle. &
twe+gra +a+ger sculle fulle wynes. & meng eall to gadere
& sile hym drincan an stuf ba+te.

[} (\CONTRA NIMIUM VOMITUM.\) }]

   +Tisne lacecr+aft mann sceal don manne +tt swy+te swiwa+t.
+gif wulla+t +tat hit astonden. +tt greccas hate+t              #
(\apoxerrisis\) .
+tt sinden +ta menn; +ta after +tan +te hy hure mete
habba+t +ge+ti+ged; +tt hine sceollan aspywan. & hwylan
+ar hy etan. hy spiwa+t. & +te m+a+ga sar+ga+d. & +te inno+t
to swyl+t & he by+t on +alce lime +gwer+gi. & sin+ganlice
hym +turst. & se ansine. & +ta fet beo+t toswollen. &
his anwlita by+t blac. & his migga; by+t hwit. & he
sceal +gelomelice mi+gan. +tus +tu scealt hine hr+adlice
l+acni+ge. +gif +ta ylda habbe; l+at him blod. of bam +ta
foten. byneo+tan ancleowe. swa si +tt blod forl+ate +tt
ealluga se seocca ne +getori+ge. +tt +ta +ting +te +tane ma+gen
healde+t. +tt hy n+afre for +tan forwyr+tan. & +teo o+tru
blodl+ase ys. +te +tu +tane seoccan l+acni+ge scealt. +tt ys
+tt +tu hym scealt l+atan blod. under +tare tuncgan +tt
+teo blodl+ase +tane mann alihte. & +after +tt seo blodl+ase
si +gefylled; +tu hine scealt scearpi+gean. nim +tanne
<P 134>
sealt & gnid +ta wunda mid. nim +tanne cicena mete.
& wylle c+arsen. & eorme leafes s+ad. & seo+t hy on
watere. hwonlice meng +tar to ele. & huni+ge. & wyrc
+tanne cly+tan +terof. & le+ge +tarto +tru d+a+ges. & +tre      #
niht.
Eft sona nim gladenan & hlutter pic. & meng to gadere.
& do to ele & wex. & beferes her+t+tan & galpanan. &
panic. & hwyt cudu. cnuca +tanne eall +tas to gadere.
& ma+gce to gadere. meng +tarto +tanne ecede & wyrce
cly+tan of +tissum. & le+ge +tar to. Eft sona nim alewen
& myrra. & hwit cudu. & +a+gra hwit. meng eall togadere.
Nim +tona acuma. & wylle +tar on. & le+ge
aforenan renan+gen +tane m+a+ge. & after +tyssun nim
weremod & dyle. cnuca to gadere. nim +tanne ele seo+d
+ta wyrta. wyrma +tanne +ta fet. & +ta handa. wyrce  
+tanne cly+tan of +tisse wyrta. & bynd swy+te to +tan
handan. & to +tan fotum & myd swy+te dri+geon handum
straca +geornlice +tane inno+t. & +after +tissum unbynd +ta
fet. & +ta handa. & smyre hy lange hwile mid +tare
sealfe. & forhabban hyne wy+d micele gangas. & nim
+getemsud melu. & bac hym anne cicel of. & nim
cumin. & merces s+ad. & cnede to +tan hlafe & syle hym
etan hnesce +a+gere. mid +tan hlafe. & hetan pinhnutena
cyrnles. & amigdalas. & o+tera hnutena cyrnlu.
& wyrce hym blacne briu+t. & forhabbe +ta hyne; wy+d
+alc +tweald. & +gif he after. & spiwe sile him drincan
hluttur ecede +ar he eta & after hys mete. Wy+d +tan
ylcan. nym betonican swa grene. & gnid hy. on w+atera.
& do +tonne sum d+al huni+ges to & sile drincan f+astende
ane cuppan fulle. Nim eft bettonican +treora scyllange
+gewyht. & seo+d hy on huni+ge swe+te & stire hy +gelomlice. 
wyrc +tanne swa greate clymppan feowur +ta litle
+aceran. & sile hym +tan f+astende etan. on wearmum
w+ateran. feowur da+ges +alc ane clyne. Eft nim
saluiam ane hand fulle. & cnuca hy swy+te smale. & 
<P 136>
nim twelf piper corn. & gnind. hy sm+ale. & nim
+tanne +a+gru. & swing ho to g+adere. mid +tam wyrtum.
& mid +tan pipore. Nim +tanne ane cl+ane panne. &
hyrste hy mid ele. & +tanne hy beon cole ete hy
+tanne fastinde. Nim eft dyles s+ades twelf pene+ga
+gewiht. & piperes alswa fela & cimenes swa fela & gnid
hit to duste. nim +tanne mintan & seo+d hi on w+atera
& do +t+ar to +gehw+ade wyn. drinca +tanne he wylle to
hys bedde. Eft sona +gif se man spiwan & he ne ma+ge
etan; syle him drincan elenann wyrtrumann. o+t+ter
ualerianam leaf. o+t+ter myllefolyam wy+d wyne +gemengged.
Eft sona +gif man sy +gewanulic +tt hyne +tyrete.
nym lubestican ny+tewearde. & gnid on wine. & on
watera & sile hym drincan. Eft sona nim elenam
& spelter. & seo+t on wine & sile hym drincan. +tis ys
seo selesta drenc. wy+d +tt broc. & wy+d +tan ylcam +genym.
hwitcude & alewan. & mirra & gingiferan. & cymen. &
grind hy eal to gadere. & do huni+g to. swa fela swa
+t+arf sy. Nim +tanne linnenne cl+a+d & le+ge +ta sealfe
uppan. by+d +tanne ofer +tane m+a+gen. +tanne cl+ansa+t +ta
scealfe +tane inno+t. & +ta werinysse awe+g +gede+d. & +tane
ma+gan +gewyrm+t. Wy+t +tan ylcan. nim swefles ehta
pene+ga +gewyhta. & cnuca hine smale. nim +tanne an
hrere br+ad +a+g. & do hyt an innan. & sile hym etan.
Eft sona +gif +tu wylt +te werinyssa awe+g don. of +tan
mann; +tanne +tat yfel hyne +ge+treadne h+af+d of +de +turst
awe+g adon. Nim hwyt cudu & gyngyfere. & recels. &
lauwinberi+gean. & cost +alces +tissa emfela. nim +tanne.
of o+t+trum pyhmentum ane sticcan fulne. & gnid hy
eal togadere. Nim +tanne wateres twe+gen dales. & wines
+tane +triddan dal. meng +tanne eall togadere syle him
drican.

<P 138>
[} (\AD EMOPTOYCOS. LATINE DICITUR REIECTATIO.\) }]

   (\Ad emoptoycos\) +tt greccas hate+d (\amatostax\) +tt ys on
ledene ure +genemned. (\reiectatio.\) & on englisc ys
haten blod rine. +tus him e+gle+t se blod rine. hwilum
+turh +ta nosa hym yrn+t +tt blod. hwilum +tanne on arsganga
sitt hyt hym fram yrna+t. ac +ta ealde l+aces
s+adan. +tt +teos +trowung ys +geset of feofer +tingum; +tt
ys of +tan breoste. & of +tan ma+gan. & of +adran. & of
+tan +tearman. Galwenus se l+ace hyt of hys snotornysse
+tus wrat. Gif hyt on +tan breoste by+d. o+t+ter on +tan
ma+gan; +tanne +turh +tane spi+tan +tu hyt miht +gecnawen.
+gif hyt by+t on +tan +adran. o+t+ter of +tare bladre; +tu
miht +turh +tane miggan hyt +gecnawan.

[} (\SI DOLOR & I[{N{]FIRMITAS SIT IN VISCERIBUS.\) }]

   +Gif hyt by+d of +tan +terman; +tanne myht +tu +turh
+tane arsgang hyt +gecnawan. +Tis by+d on+gyton on sume
manne. +tt +tt blod hym ut of +tan heafode ut wyl+t. &
on suma hwilum +tt hyt ut sprin+t +tur +ta twa litlan
+turlu +ta innan +tara ceolan beo+t. for+tan +ta +adran
beo+t to brocone +ta inna +ta +turlu beo+t. & hwilun of
+tare ceolan +tt blod ut wyl+t. hwilum of +goman. hwilum
of +tan scearpan banum +te bytweox +tan breostan by+t.
& hwylum of +tare lun+gone. hwylum of +tan ma+gen.
hwylum of +tam inno+te. hwilum of +tan lendune. +Tis
ys +tt +gescead +tara lacnunge. +Gif +tat blod o+t +tan heafode
wyll. +tus +tu scealt hyt a+gytan he hwest hefelice.
& sindri+g blod he ut rac+t. +tane +gif +ta adra by+t to
brocen innan; +tan +turlu; & of +tan uue dropa+t uppan
<P 140>
+ta tunga. & of +tara tungan hyt. in+gehwyrf+t. & he
a+gyn+t to brecanne +tanne to spiwanne. +tanne +gif hyt
cum+t of +tare +trotan. +tus +tu hyt scealt a+gitan. +tanne
he hwest. +tanne smyit hys tunge. & he ut hr+a+t
wurmsig blod. & +teo +trutu by+d mid sare +gemen+ged.
swa swi+te +tt he hyt utan +gefret. +gif hyt of +tan goman.
butan blode. +tt swi+de ut hre+ac+t. +tanne to do +tu hys
mu+t. & hawa hw+a+ter hys ceaflas sin toswollene. & he
ea+telic nan +ting forswoligon ne m+a+g. +tanne +gif hyt.
of +tan scearpe bane by+d; +tt he sarlice hwest; & blod
ut spiuw+t; & micel blod astyre+t. & +gif +g+a+d hys breost
beo+d +gesar+gude +tanne wite +tu +gewyslice; +tt +ta adran to
brocene. +te on +ta +turlun synd. +gesette. +tanne +gif
+tat blod. of +ta lungune cym+t; +tt a+gyt +tu hyt +tus.
+Gif +tat blod beo swy+te read. & clane ut to spiwanne.
& he mid hwostan hyt ut hr+ac+t butan alcum sare.
+gif +tat blod of +tan inno+te flowe. +tt wyte +tu +tt sindon
wunda on +tan +tearmum. & +tanne he to arsganga
g+a+t; +tanne +tt hym fram g+a+t by+t swy+te wy+t blode
+gemen+ged. & +tanne +gif hyt by+t. of renys o+t+ter +tan
lendene +tanne cum+t +tt blod of +tara bl+addran. & +tt
he myh+t: by+t sweart. o+t+ter hwyt o+t+ter read. for+tan
of yfelre adle becym+t +tis +ting on +tan mann.
+tus +tu hyne scealt lacni+ge do hyne on wearme huse.
& on beorht. & bedde hys bed myd mor secge. oppan
+tara eor+ta. & he hyne sceal forhabban wy+t fela +tingas.
+tis ys +arest wy+t micele sp+ace. & wy+t yrsunga. & wy+t
hamed +ting. & fram alce furwerfetum fl+asce. & fram
smyce. & fram alce un+ge+tilde. for+tan +ta addran bersta+d
hwila for +tan miceles blodes +tin+ge +te on +tin lichama
& on addra by+t.

<P 142>
[} (\JPOCRAS DICIT QUOD QUIDAM PLURES VENAS QUAM [{ALII
HABEANT{] .\) }]

   Jpocras se l+ace atwuwde +tt on sumum lichama beo+t
ma addra +tan[{n{]e on sume. & +te lichama by+t wearmra
+tanne se +te smaran addran & +ta swa feawa ann beo+t.
+tanne +te lichama & +ta addran beo+t +t+as yfelan blodes
fulle. +tanne scealt +tu hy l+aten blod on +tan earme.
+gif he +tara hulde habban. & wyrc him si+t+tan twe+gen
firesce cly+tan. & bind o+terne betwex +ta sculdru. o+terne
betwoex +ta breoste. & syle hym ealra +arest etan +gebr+adne
swam. & +gif +tt blod ut wealle. o+tan heafode.
+tanne cnuca +tu swam. & nim w+ater & huni+g & meng
togadere. & sile hym drincan. Nym +tanne ecede &
huni+g. an meng to gadere. Nim +tanne an fe+tere. &
dyppe +tar on. & smyra +tanne +ta stowe mid. Loca hw+ar
+tt blod utwealle. +gif +tu +ta stowe +geracen m+a+gen. +gif
+tat blod of +tara ceolan ut wealle; nym cole spogiam.
& swam. & sealt. & cnuca eall to gadere. & bynd
+tanne +tane cly+tan uppa +ta +trotan. & sile hym +arest
drincan; finul on hluttrum wine. & sile hym etan
nywe beo bl+ad. & hym by+d sona bet. And +gif +tat
blod on +tara lungane si +tanne nim we+gbr+adan & cnuca
hi+g. & wring +tar of +tt wos & drinc. Gif hyt by+t of
+tan scearpan bane +ta betwex +ta broesta by+t; +tanne
nym +tu cealde swam. & scealt. & cnuca to gadere.
nym +tanne spongyam & le+ge +ta scealfe on uppan. &
bynd to +tan breostan. cnuca +tane swam & do hine
<P 144>
on watere. & drinca hyne butan sealt & +gif he +tare
ylde habban +tanne l+at +tu hym blod. & bynd +ta scealfe
to +tan breostan +tanne.

[}+GIF +TT BLOD OF +TAN INNO+TE CUM+T. VIJ'.}] 



<B CMORM>
<Q M1 IR HOM ORM>
<N ORM>
<A ORM>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V VERSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ORM.
THE ORMULUM, VOLS. I-II.
WITH THE NOTES AND GLOSSARY OF R. M. WHITE.
ED. R. HOLT. 
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1878.
SAMPLE 1 (DEDICATION):
I, LL. 1 - 342
SAMPLE 2 (PREFACE):
I, LL. 1 - 106
SAMPLE 3 (INTRODUCTION):
I, LL. 1 - 108
SAMPLE 4 (HOMILIES):
I, PP. 4.197 - 18.622
SAMPLE 5 (HOMILIES):
I, PP. 117.3426 - 137.3977
SAMPLE 6 (HOMILIES):
II, PP. 224.16608 - 229.16755^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P DED.L1>
[} [\DEDICATION.\] }]

   Nu, bro+terr Wallterr, bro+terr min
Affterr +te fl+ashess kinde;
& bro+terr min i Crisstenndom
+Turrh fulluhht & +turrh troww+te;
& bro+terr min i Godess hus,
+Get o +te +tride wise,
+Turrh +tatt witt hafenn takenn ba
An re+ghellboc to foll+ghenn,
Unnderr kanunnkess had & lif,
Swa summ Sannt Awwstin sette;
Icc hafe don swa summ +tu badd,
& for+tedd te +tin wille,
Icc hafe wennd inntill Ennglissh
Goddspelles hall+ghe lare,
Affterr +tatt little witt +tatt me
Min Drihhtin hafe+t+t lenedd.
+Tu +tohhtesst tatt itt mihhte wel
Till mikell frame turrnenn,
+Giff Ennglissh follc, forr lufe off Crist,
Itt wollde +gerne lernenn,
& foll+ghenn itt, & fillenn itt
Wi+t+t +tohht, wi+t+t word, wi+t+t dede.
<P DED.L23>
& forr+ti +gerrndesst tu +tatt icc 
+Tiss werrc +te shollde wirrkenn;
& icc itt hafe for+tedd te,
Acc all +turrh Cristess hellpe;
& unnc birr+t ba+te +tannkenn Crist
+Tatt itt iss brohht till ende.
Icc hafe sammnedd o +tiss boc
+Ta Goddspelles neh alle,
+Tatt sinndenn o +te messeboc
Inn all +te +ger att messe.
& a+g+g affterr +te Goddspell stannt
+Tatt tatt te Goddspell mene+t+t, 
+Tatt mann birr+t spellenn to +te follc
Off +te+g+gre sawle nede;
& +get t+ar tekenn mare inoh
+Tu shallt t+aronne findenn,
Off +tatt tatt Cristess hall+ghe +ted
Birr+t trowwenn wel & foll+ghenn.
Icc hafe sett her o +tiss boc
Amang Goddspelless wordess,
All +turrh me sellfenn, mani+g word
+Te rime swa to fillenn;
Acc +tu shallt findenn +tatt min word,
E+g+gwh+ar +t+ar itt iss ekedd,
Ma+g+g hellpenn +ta +tatt redenn itt
To sen & tunnderrstanndenn 
All +tess te bettre, hu +te+g+gm birr+t
+Te Goddspell unnderrstanndenn;
& forr+ti trowwe icc +tatt te birr+t
Wel +tolenn mine wordess,
<P DED.L53>
E+g+gwh+ar +t+ar +tu shallt findenn hemm
Amang Goddspelless wordess.
Forr whase mot to l+awedd follc
Larspell off Goddspell tellenn,
He mot wel ekenn mani+g word
Amang Goddspelless wordess.
& icc ne mihhte nohht min ferrs
A+g+g wi+t+t Goddspelless wordess
Wel fillenn all, & all forr+ti
Shollde icc wel offte nede
Amang Goddspelles wordess don
Min word, min ferrs to fillenn.
& te bit+ache icc off +tiss boc,
Heh wikenn alls itt seme+t+t,
All to +turrhsekenn illc an ferrs,
& to +turrhlokenn offte,
+Tatt upponn all +tiss boc ne be
Nan word +g+an Cristess lare,
Nan word tatt swi+te wel ne be
To trowwenn & to foll+ghenn.
Witt shulenn tredenn unnderrfot
& all +twerrt ut forrwerrpenn
+Te dom off all +tatt la+te flocc,
+Tatt iss +turrh ni+t forrblendedd,
+Tatt t+ale+t+t +tatt to lofenn iss,
+Turrh ni+tfull modi+gnesse.
+Te+g+g shulenn l+atenn h+a+teli+g
Off unnkerr swinnc, lef bro+terr;
& all +te+g+g shulenn takenn itt
Onn unnitt & onn idell;
<P DED.L83>
Acc nohht +turrh skill, acc all +turrh ni+t,
& all +turrh +te+g+gre sinne.
& unnc birr+t biddenn Godd tatt he
Forr+gife hemm here sinne;
& unnc birr+t ba+te lofenn Godd
Off +tatt itt wass bigunnenn,
& +tannkenn Godd tatt itt iss brohht
Till ende, +turrh hiss hellpe;
Forr itt ma+g+g hellpenn alle +ta
+Tatt bli+telike itt herenn,
& lufenn itt, & foll+ghenn itt
Wi+t+t +tohht, wi+t+t word, wi+t+t dede.
& whase wilenn shall +tiss boc
Efft o+terr si+te writenn,
Himm bidde icc +tatt het write rihht,
Swa summ +tiss boc himm t+ache+t+t,
All +twerrt ut affterr +tatt itt iss
Uppo +tiss firrste bisne,
Wi+t+t all swillc rime alls her iss sett,
Wi+t+t all se fele wordess;
& tatt he loke wel +tatt he
An bocstaff write twi+g+gess,
E+g+gwh+ar +t+ar itt uppo +tiss boc
Iss writenn o +tatt wise.
Loke he well +tatt het write swa,
Forr he ne ma+g+g nohht elless
Onn Ennglissh writtenn rihht te word,
+Tatt wite he wel to so+te.
& +giff mann wile witenn whi
Icc hafe don +tiss dede,
<P DED.L113>
Whi icc till Ennglissh hafe wennd
Goddspelless hall+ghe lare;
Icc hafe itt don forr+ti +tatt all
Crisstene follkess berrhless
Iss lang uppo +tatt an, +tatt te+g+g
Goddspelless hall+ghe lare
Wi+t+t fulle mahhte foll+ghe rihht
+Turrh +tohht, +turrh word, +turrh dede.
Forr all +tatt +afre onn er+te iss ned
Crisstene follc to foll+ghenn
I troww+te, i dede, all t+ache+t+t hemm
Goddspelles hall+ghe lare.
& forr+ti whase lerne+t+t itt
& foll+ghe+t+t itt wi+t+t dede,
He shall onn ende wurr+ti ben
+Turrh Godd to wurr+tenn borr+ghenn.
& t+arfore hafe icc turrnedd itt
Inntill Ennglisshe sp+ache,
Forr +tatt I wollde bli+teli+g
+Tatt all Ennglisshe lede
Wi+t+t +are shollde lisstenn itt,
Wi+t+t herrte shollde itt trowwenn,
Wi+t+t tunge shollde spellenn itt,
Wi+t+t dede shollde itt foll+ghenn,
To winnenn unnderr Crisstenndom
Att Godd so+t sawle berrhless.
& +giff +te+g+g wilenn herenn itt,
& foll+ghenn itt wi+t+t dede,
Icc hafe hemm hollpenn unnderr Crist
To winnenn +te+g+gre berrhless.
<P DED.L143>
& I shall hafenn forr min swinnc
God l+an att Godd onn ende,
+Giff +tatt I, forr +te lufe off Godd
& forr +te mede off heffne,
Hemm hafe itt inntill Ennglissh wennd
Forr +te+g+gre sawle nede. 
& +giff +te+g+g all forrwerrpenn itt,
Itt turne+t+t hemm till sinne,
& I shall hafenn addledd me
+Te Laferrd Cristess are,
+Turrh +tatt icc hafe hemm wrohht tiss boc
To +te+g+gre sawle nede,
+Tohh +tatt te+g+g all forrwerrpenn itt
+Turrh +te+g+gre modi+gnesse.

   Goddspell onn Ennglissh nemmnedd iss
God word, & god ti+tennde,
God errnde, forr+ti +tatt itt wass
+Turrh hall+ghe Goddspellwrihhtess
All wrohht & writenn uppo boc
Off Cristess firste come,
Off hu so+t Godd wass wurr+tenn mann
Forr all mannkinne nede,
& off +tatt mannkinn +turrh hiss d+a+t
Wass lesedd ut off helle,
& off +tatt he wisslike ras
+Te +tridde da+g+g off d+a+te,
& off +tatt he wisslike stah
+Ta si+t+tenn upp till heffne,
<P DED.L171>
& off +tatt he shall cumenn efft
To demenn alle +tede,
& forr to +geldenn iwhillc mann
Affterr hiss a+ghenn dede.
Off all +tiss god uss brinnge+t+t word
& errnde & god ti+tennde
Goddspell, & forr+ti ma+g+g itt wel
God errnde ben +gehatenn.
Forr mann ma+g+g uppo Goddspellboc
Godnessess findenn seffne
+Tatt ure Laferrd Jesu Crist
Uss hafe+t+t don onn er+te,
+Turrh +tatt he comm to manne, & +turrh
+Tatt he warr+t mann onn er+te.

   Forr an godnesse uss hafe+t+t don
+Te Laferrd Crist onn er+te,
+Turrh +tatt he comm to wurr+tenn mann
Forr all mannkinne nede.
O+terr godnesse uss hafe+t+t don
+Te Laferrd Crist onn er+te,
+Turrh +tatt he wass i flumm Jorrdan
Fullhtnedd forr ure nede;
Forr +tatt he wollde uss waterrkinn
Till ure fulluhht hall+ghenn,
+Turrh +tatt he wollde ben himm sellf
Onn er+te i waterr fullhtnedd.
+Te +tridde god uss hafe+t+t don
+Te Laferrd Crist onn er+te,
<P DED.L199>
+Turrh +tatt he +gaff hiss a+ghenn lif
Wi+t+t all hiss fulle wille,
To +tolenn d+a+t+t o rodetre
Saccl+as wi+t+tutenn wrihhte,
To lesenn mannkinn +turrh his d+a+t
Ut off +te defless walde.
+Te fer+te god uss hafe+t+t don
+Te Laferrd Crist onn er+te,
+Turrh +tatt hiss hall+ghe sawle stah
Fra rode dun till helle,
To takenn ut off helle wa
+Ta gode sawless alle,
+Tatt haffdenn cwemmd himm i +tiss lif
+Turrh so+t unnsha+ti+gnesse.
+Te fifte god uss hafe+t+t don
+Te Laferrd Crist onn er+te,
+Turrh +tatt he ras forr ure god
+Te +tridde da+g+g off d+a+te,
& let te posstless sen himm wel
Inn hiss mennisske kinde;
Forr +tatt he wollde fesstnenn swa
So+t troww+te i +te+g+gre brestess
Off +tatt he, wiss to fulle so+t,
Wass risenn upp off d+a+te,
& i +tatt illke fl+ash +tatt wass
Forr uss o rode na+g+gledd;
Forr +tatt he wollde fesstnenn wel
+Tiss troww+te i +te+g+gre brestess,
He let te posstless sen himm wel
Well offte si+te onn er+te,
<P DED.L229>
Wi+t+tinnenn da+g+gess fowwerrti+g
Fra +tatt he ras off d+a+te.
+Te sexte god uss hafe+t+t don
+Te Laferrd Crist onn er+te,
+Turrh +tatt he stah forr ure god
Upp inntill heffness blisse,
& sennde si+t+tenn Hali+g Gast
Till hise Lerninngcnihhtess,
To frofrenn & to beldenn hemm
To stanndenn +g+an +te defell,
To gifenn hemm god witt inoh
Off all hiss hall+ghe lare,
To gifenn hemm god lusst, god mahht,
To +tolenn alle wawenn,
All forr +te lufe off Godd, & nohht
Forr er+tli+g loff to winnenn.
+Te seffnde god uss shall +get don
+Te Laferrd Crist onn ende,
+Turrh +tatt he shall o Domess da+g+g
Uss gifenn heffness blisse,
+Giff +tatt we shulenn wurr+ti ben
To findenn Godess are.

   +Tuss hafe+t+t ure Laferrd Crist
Uss don godnessess seffne,
+Turrh +tatt tatt he to manne comm,
To wurr+tenn mann onn er+te.
& o +tatt hall+ghe boc +tatt iss
Apokalypsis nemmnedd
<P DED.L257>
Uss wrat te posstell Sannt Johan,
+turrh Hali+g Gastess lare,
+Tatt he sahh upp inn heffne an boc
Bisett wi+t+t seffne innse+g+gless,
& sperrd swa swi+te wel +tatt itt
Ne mihhte nan wihht oppnenn,
Wi+t+tutenn Godess hall+ghe Lamb
+Tatt he sahh ec inn heffne.
& +turrh +ta seffne innse+g+gless wass
Rihht swi+te wel bitacnedd
+Tatt sefennfald godle+g+gc +tatt Crist
Uss dide +turrh hiss come;
& tatt nan wihht ne mihhte nohht
Oppnenn +ta seffne innse+g+gless,
Wi+t+tutenn Godess Lamb, +tatt comm,
Forr +tatt itt shollde tacnenn
+Tatt nan wihht, nan enngell, nan mann,
Ne naness kinness shaffte,
Ne mihhte +turrh himm sellfenn +ta
Seffne godnessess sh+awenn
O mannkinn, swa +tatt itt mannkinn
Off helle mihhte lesenn,
Ne gifenn mannkinn lusst, ne mahht,
To winnenn heffness blisse.

   & all all swa se Godess Lamb,
All +turrh hiss a+ghenn mahhte,
Lihhtlike mihhte & wel inoh
+Ta seffne innse+g+gless oppnenn,
<P DED.L285>
All swa +te Laferrd Jesu Crist,
All +turrh his a+ghenn mahhte,
Wi+t+t Faderr & wi+t+t Hali+g Gast
An Godd & all an kinde,
All swa rihht he lihhtlike inoh
& wel wi+t+t alle mihhte
O mannkinn +turrh himm sellfenn +ta
Seffne godnessess sh+awenn,
Swa +tatt he mannkinn wel inoh
Off helle mihhte lesenn,
& gifenn mannkinn lufe & lusst,
& mahht & witt & wille,
To stanndenn inn to cwemenn Godd,
To winenn heffness blisse.
& forr +tatt hali+g Goddspellboc
All +tiss godnesse uss sh+awe+t+t,
+Tiss sefennfald godle+g+gc +tatt Crist
Uss dide +turrh hiss are,
Forr+ti birr+t all Crisstene follc
Goddspelless lare foll+ghenn.
& t+arfore hafe icc turrnedd itt
Inntill Ennglisshe sp+ache,
Forr +tatt I wollde bli+teli+g
+Tatt all Ennglisshe lede
Wi+t+t +are shollde lisstenn itt,
Wi+t+t herrte shollde itt trowwenn,
Wi+t+t tunge shollde spellenn itt,
Wi+t+t dede shollde itt foll+ghenn,
To winnenn unnderr Crisstenndom
Att Crist so+t sawle berrhless.
<P DED.L315>
& Godd Allmahhti+g +gife uss mahht
& lusst & witt & wille,
To foll+ghenn +tiss Ennglisshe boc
+Tatt all iss hali+g lare,
Swa +tatt we motenn wurr+ti ben
To brukenn heffness blisse.
Am[{aen{] . Am[{aen{] . Am[{aen{] ;
Icc +tatt tiss Ennglissh hafe sett
Ennglisshe menn to lare,
Icc wass +t+ar +t+ar I crisstnedd wass
Orrmin bi name nemmnedd.
& icc Orrmin full innwarrdli+g
Wi+t+t mu+t & ec wi+t+t herrte
Her bidde +ta Crisstene menn,
+Tatt herenn o+terr redenn
+Tiss boc, hemm bidde icc her +tatt te+g+g
Forr me +tiss bede biddenn,
+Tatt bro+terr +tatt tiss Ennglissh writt
Allr+aresst wrat & wrohhte,
+Tatt bro+terr forr hiss swinnc to l+an
So+t blisse mote findenn.
Am[{aen{] . 
<P DED.L335>
+Ta Goddspelless alle +tatt icc
Her o +tiss boc ma+g+g findenn,
Hemm alle wile icc nemmnenn her
Bi +te+g+gre firrste wordess.
& tale wile icc settenn to,
To don +guw tunnderrstanndenn,
Hu fele sinndenn o +tiss boc
Goddspelless unnderr alle. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P PREF.L1>
[} [\PREFACE.\] }]

   +Tiss boc iss nemmnedd Orrmulum  
Forr+ti +tatt Orrm itt wrohhte,
& itt iss wrohht off qua+t+trigan,
Off Goddspellbokess fowwre;
Off qua+t+trigan Amminadab,
Off Cristess Goddspellbokess.
Forr Crist ma+g+g +turrh Amminadab
Rihht full wel ben bitacnedd;
Forr Crist toc d+a+t o rodetre
All wi+t+t hiss fulle wille.
& forr+ti +tatt Amminadab
O Latin sp+ache iss nemmnedd
O Latin boc Spontaneus,
& onn Ennglisshe sp+ache
+Tatt weppmann +tatt summ dede do+t
Wi+t+t all hiss fulle wille,
Forr+ti ma+g+g Crist full wel ben +turrh
Amminadab bitacnedd;
Forr Crist to d+a+t o rodetre
All wi+t+t hiss fulle wille.
<P PREF.L21>
+Tatt wa+g+gn iss nemmnedd qua+t+trigan
+Tatt hafe+t+t fowwre wheless;
& Goddspell iss +tatt wa+g+gn, forr+ti
+Tatt itt iss fowwre bokess;
& Goddspell iss Jesusess wa+g+gn
+Tatt ga+t o fowwre wheless,
Forr+ti +tatt itt iss sett o boc
+Turrh fowwre Goddspellwrihhtess.
& Jesuss iss Amminadab,
Swa summ icc hafe sh+awedd,
Forr +tatt he swallt o rodetre
All wi+t+t hiss fulle wille.
& Goddspell forr +tatt illke +ting
Iss Currus Salomoniss,
Forr +tatt itt i +tiss middell+ard,
+Turrh Goddspellwrihhtess fowwre,
Wa+g+gne+t+t so+t Crist fra land to land
+Turrh Cristess Lerninngcnihhtess,
+Turrh +tatt te+g+g i +tiss middell+ard
Flittenn & farenn wide,
Fra land to land, fra burrh to burrh,
To spellen to +te lede
Off so+t Crist & off Crisstenndom,
& off +te rihhte l+afe,
& off +tatt lif +tatt lede+t+t menn
Upp inntill heffness blisse.
+Turrh swillc +te+g+g berenn H+alennd Crist
Alls iff +te+g+g karrte w+arenn
Off wheless fowwre, forr +tatt all
Goddspelless hall+ghe lare
<P PREF.L51>
Iss - alls icc hafe sh+awedd +guw,
O fowwre Goddspellbokess.
& forr+ti ma+g+g Goddspell full wel
Ben Salemanness karrte,
+Tiss iss to seggenn opennli+g
+Te Laferrd Cristess karrte.
Forr Jesu Crist Allmahhti+g Godd,
+Tatt alle shaffte wrohhte,
Iss wiss +tatt so+te Salemann
+Tatt sette gri+t+t onn er+te
Bitwenenn Godd & menn, +turrh +tatt
He +gaff hiss lif o rode,
To lesenn mannkinn +turrh hiss d+a+t
Ut off +te defless walde.
& forr+ti ma+g+g so+t Crist ben wel
+Turrh Salemann bitacnedd,
Forr Salomon iss onn Ennglissh
+Tatt mann +tatt so+t sahhtnesse
& trigg & trowwe gri+t+t & fri+t+t
Re+g+gse+t+t bitwenenn lede,
& foll+ghe+t+t itt wi+t+t all hiss mahht,
+Turrh +tohht, +turrh word, +turrh dede.
All +tuss iss +tatt hall+ghe Goddspell,
+Tatt iss o fowwre bokess,
Nemmnedd Amminadabess wa+g+gn
& Salemanness karrte;
Forr +tatt itt wa+g+gne+t+t Crist till menn
+Turrh fowwre Goddspellwrihhtess,
Rihht alls iff itt w+are +tatt wa+g+gn
+Tatt ga+t o fowwre wheless.
<P PREF.L81>
& tuss iss Crist Amminadab
+Turrh gastli+g witt +gehatenn,
For +tatt he toc o rode dae+t
Wi+t+t all hiss fulle wille.
& Salomon he nemmnedd iss,
Swa summ icc hafe sh+awedd, 
Forr +tatt he sette gri+t+t & fri+t+t
Bitwenenn heffne & er+te,
Bitwenenn Godd & menn, +turrh +tatt
+Tatt he toc d+a+t o rode,
To lesenn mannkinn +turrh hiss d+a+t
Ut off +te defless walde.
& all +tuss +tiss Ennglisshe boc
Iss Orrmulum +gehatenn,
Inn qua+t+trigan Amminadab,
Inn Currum Salomonis.
& off Goddspell icc wile +guw
+Get summ del mare sh+awenn;
+Get wile icc sh+awenn +guw forrwhi
Goddspell iss Goddspell nemmnedd.
& ec icc wile sh+awenn +guw
Hu mikel sawle sell+te
& sawle berrhless unnderrfo+t
Att Goddspell all +tatt lede,
+Tatt foll+ghe+t+t Goddspell +twerrt ut wel
+Turrh +tohht, +turrh word, +turrh dede. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P INTR.L1>
[} [\INTRODUCTION.\] }]

   All mannkinn, fra +tatt Adam wass
+Turrh Drihhtin wrohht off eor+te,
Anan till +tatt itt cumenn wass
Till Cristess d+a+t o rode,
All for till helle forr +tatt gillt
+Tatt Adam haffde gilltedd,
+Turrh +tatt he Godess bodeword
Forrlet forr litell nede.
Forr wel he mihhte lokenn himm,
+Giff +tatt he wollde himm lokenn,
Fra +tatt anlepi+g treo +tatt himm
Drihhtin forrbodenn haffde,
+T+ar +t+ar he fand off o+tre treos
Full gode treos ino+ghe.
& forr+ti +tatt he bracc onn+g+an
Drihhtin all hise +tannkess,
Forr +tatt wass mikell wr+ache sett
Onn+g+an +tatt woh wi+t+t rihhte.   
Forr+ti wass mikell wr+ache wiss
+Tatt all follc for till helle,
To ben a butenn ende +t+ar 
Forr aness manness gillte.
& itt wass +tohh full mikell rihht,
+Tatt witt tu wel to so+te,
+Tatt all follc wass forrgillt, +turrh +tatt
+Tatt Adam wass forrgilltedd.
Forr all follc wass +tatt illke streon
+Tatt Adam haffde strenedd,
<P INTR.L29>
& all follc wass forr+ti forrgillt
+T+ar Adam wass forrgilltedd.

   Adam wass wurr+tenn deofless peoww
+Turrh +tatt he dide hiss wille,
& all +tatt streonedd wass +turrh himm
Wass streonedd to +tatt illke,
To ben unnderr deofless +teowwdom,
To farenn all till helle.
& tatt wass rihht tatt mannkinn wass
Unnderr +te deofless walde,
All swa summ Adam wurr+tenn wass,
+Tatt haffde hemm alle streonedd,
& all se iss her bitwenenn +te
& tin eor+tlike laferrd;
Forr all swa summ +tu +teowwtesst himm,
Swa shall +tin sune himm +teowwtenn,
Butt iff he wurr+te lesedd ut
Off hiss +teowwdomess bandess.
Nu mihht tu sen +tatt tatt wass rihht
+Tatt mannkinn for till helle,
All affterr +tatt tatt Adam for,
+Tatt haffde hemm alle streonedd;
& alle forenn all forr+ti
Till helless +teossterrnesse,
+Ga +ta +tatt w+arenn gode menn,
+Ga +ta +taa w+arenn ille.
+T+ar w+arenn fele gode menn
Biforenn Cristess come,
<P INTR.L57>
+Tatt cwemmdenn Godd +turrh hali+g lif,
& +turrh unnsha+ti+gnesse,
& tohh ne mihhte nani+g mann
+Turrh hise gode dedess
Utbresstenn off +te deofless band,
& ut off helle walde.
Acc son se time comm +t+arto
+Tatt Godd itt wollde betenn,
Godd r+aw off mann, & tatt forr+ti
+Tatt he wass wrohht off eor+te.
Off all +tatt enngleflocc +tatt fell
Off heoffness +ard till helle
Ne r+aw himm nohht, swa +tatt he +te+g+gm
Fra pine wollde lesenn;
Forr+ti +tatt te+g+g ne gilltenn nohht
+Turrh fl+ashess unntrummnesse,
Acc +turrh +tatt la+te modi+gle+g+gc
+Tatt comm all off hemm sellfenn,
Forr+ti ne r+aw himm nohht off hemm,
Ne nohht off here pine;
Acc Drihhtin r+aw off mann, forr+ti
+Tatt he wass wrohht off eor+te.
& son se time comm +t+arto
+Tatt Godd uss wollde lesenn
Ut off +te la+te gastess band,
Ut off +te deofless walde,
He sennde uss sone hiss word, hiss witt,
Hiss sune, hiss mahht, hiss kinde,
<P INTR.L85>
To takenn ure mennisscle+g+gc,
To wurr+tenn mann onn eor+te,
To lesenn mannkinn +turrh hiss d+a+t
Ut off +te deofless walde.

   Acc +guw birr+t unnderrstanndenn her
+Tatt Sannt Johan Bapptisste
Wass borenn i +tiss middell+ard
+Turrh Godess lefe wille,
To cumenn for+t bitwenenn menn,
To spellenn & to fullhtnenn
Biforenn Crist Allmahhti+g Godd,
To +garrkenn hise we+g+gess.
Rihht swa summ bidell birr+t ben sennd,
To +garrkenn & to gre+g+g+tenn
Onn+g+an hiss laferrd t+ar +t+ar he
Shall cumenn swi+te newenn,
Rihht o +tatt wise comm Johan
Biforenn Cristess come,
To +garrkenn follc onn+g+aness Crist,
To takenn wi+t+t hiss lare.
& her icc wile sh+awenn +guw
Hu Sannt Johan Bapptisste   
Wass sennd +turrh Godd biforenn Crist,
To +garrkenn Cristess we+g+gess; 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P I,4>
   +Ta se+g+gde Zacariass +tuss
Till Godess enngell sone;
+Turrh whatt ma+g+g icc nu witenn +tiss
+Tatt itt me mu+ghe wurr+tenn?
Witt sinndenn off swillc elde nu
+Tatt witt ne mu+ghenn t+amenn.
& Godess enngell se+g+gde +tuss
Till Zacari+ge efft sone;
Witt tu +tatt icc amm Gabri+al
+Tatt +afre & +afre stannde
Biforenn Godd, to lutenn himm,
To lofenn himm & wurr+tenn;
& hiderr amm icc sennd to +te,
+Tiss blisse +te to ki+tenn.
& fra +tiss da+g+g +tu shallt ben dumb
Till +tatt itt shall ben for+tedd,
Forr+ti +tatt tu ne wolldesst nohht
Nu trowwenn mine wordess,
+Tatt filledd shulenn ben +turrh Godd
Att heore rihhte time.
& all +te follc +t+ar ute abad,
& +tuhhte mikell wunnderr
<P I,5>
Forrwhi +te preost swa lannge wass
+Tatt da+g+g att Godess allterr.
& tanne comm he si+t+tenn ut
All dumb & butenn sp+ache,
& toc to becnenn till +te follc,
& spacc he nohht wi+t+t tunge.
& ta +te+g+g wisstenn sone anan
Forr whatt he dwelledd haffde;
+Te+g+g wisstenn +tatt himm wass +tatt da+g+g
Summ unncu+t sihh+te sh+awedd.
& Zacari+ge for himm ham
Affterr +ta da+ghess sone.
& si+t+tenn warr+t Elyzab+ath
Off himm +turrh Godd wi+t+t childe;
& +ghot forrhall fif mone+t+t wel,
+Tatt witt tu wel to so+te,
& tuss +gho se+g+gde inn hire +tohht
Off hire d+arne sell+te;
+Tuss hafe+t+t Drihhtin don wi+t+t me,
+Turrh hiss orrmete millce,
+Tatt icc ne beo mang wimmannkinn
Till h+a+tinng butenn chilldre.
Her endenn twa Goddspelles +tuss,
& uss birr+t hemm +turrhsekenn,
To lokenn whatt te+g+g l+arenn uss
Off ure sawle nede.
Her habbe icc sh+awedd +guw summ del
Hu Sannt Johan Bapptisste
<P I,6>
+Turrh Godess +gife streonedd wass
Off faderr & off moderr,
Onn+g+aness kinde +tohh swa +tehh,
Forr ba+te w+arenn alde.
& her icc wile sh+awenn +guw
Off +tise twa Goddspelless,
Hu mikell god te+g+g l+arenn +guw
Off +gure sawless nede;

   +Tiss Goddspell se+g+g+t +tatt Sannt Johan
Wass her to manne streonedd
Upponn Herode kingess da+g+g;
& tatt wass Godess wille;
Forr Godess Gast itt haffde se+g+gd
+Turrh hiss profetess tunge,
Full mikell fresst biforenn +tatt
+Tatt crist comm her to manne,
+Tatt Godess follc, Judisskenn follc,
+Tatt Godess la+ghess heldenn,
A+g+g sholldenn habbenn allderrmenn
& kingess off hemm sellfenn,
A+g+g - till +tatt Godess Sune Crist
Himm shollde onn eor+te sh+awenn.
& swa itt wass a+g+g-till +tatt Crist 
Wass borenn her to manne.
Forr a+g+g +te+g+g haffdenn allderrmenn
& kingess off hemm sellfenn,
Till +tatt Herode wass hemm sett
H+a+tene mann to kinge,
<P I,7>
+Turrh Rome burr+ghess Kaserrking,
+Tatt t+ar wass oferrlaferrd.
& o +tatt illke Herodess da+g+g
Comm Jesu Crist to manne,
Hallf +ger affterr +tatt Sannt Johan
Wass borenn off hiss moderr.
& swa wass filledd opennli+g
+Tatt word tatt +ar wass cwiddedd,
+Tatt Godess follc, Judisskenn follc,
+Tatt Godess la+ghess heldenn,
A+g+g sholldenn habbenn allderrmenn
& kingess off hemm sellfenn,
A+g+g - till +tatt Godess Sune Crist
Himm shollde onn eor+te sh+awenn;
& ec +tiss Goddspellwrihte se+g+g+t,
+Tatt Zakari+gess macche
Elysab+a+t wass an wifmann
Off Aaroness dohhtress.
& Aaron wass +te firrste preost
Off Issra+ale +teode,
& Aaron, +tatt se+g+g+t so+t boc,
Wass Moys+asess bro+terr.
& Moys+as wass h+afedd mann
Off Issra+ale +teode,
& Aaron wass h+afedd preost
Amang Judisskenn +teode.
& tiss wif wass off +te+g+gre kinn,
Swa summ +te Goddspell ki+te+t+t.
& tohh +tatt tiss Elysab+a+t,
+Tatt we nu m+alenn ummbe,
<P I,8>
Wass +tuss off Aaroness kinn,
+Tohh se+g+g+t +te Goddspellwrihhte
+Tatt +gho wass Sannte Mar+ge sibb,
+Te Laferd Cristess moderr,
+Tatt wass off Davi+d kingess kinn,
& Davi+t king +tohhwhe+t+tre
Nass nohht off Aaroness kin
Noff Aaroness birde,
& forr +tatt all iss +twerrt ut so+t,
& all +twerrt ut to trowwenn,
+Tatt stannde+t+t o +te Goddspellboc
+Tatt +twerrt ut nohht ne le+ghe+t+t,
Uss birr+t heroffe witenn wel
& seon & unnderrstanndenn,
+Tatt Davi+t kingess kinness menn
Off weress o+t+tr off wifess
Wi+t+t Aaroness kinness menn
Off si+tre w+arenn sammnedd,
To streonenn streon, to wurr+tenn sibb
Wi+t+t kingess & wi+t+t preostess.
Tacc nu +tiss streon +tatt tuss wass sibb
Wi+t+t preostess & wi+t+t kingess,
& let itt streonenn streon inoh
All i +tatt illke birde,
All all swa summ itt streonedd be
Off kingess & off preostess,
& let itt si+t+tenn streonenn for+t
Elysab+a+t to manne,
& let itt si+t+tenn streonenn for+t
+Te lafdi+g Sannte Mar+ge;
<P I,9>
& tacc hemm ba+te ut off +tatt streon
& e+g+g+terr sibb wi+t+t o+terr,
& e+g+g+terr streonedd i +tiss lif
Off kingess & off preostess;
& tacc +te Laferd Jesu Crist 
+Turrh Sannte Mar+ge hiss moderr,
+Tatt hall+ghe streon +tatt streonedd wass
Off kingess & off preostess,
+Tatt streon +tatt wass Allmahhti+g Godd,
& King off alle kingess,
& Preost off alle preostess ec,
& Shippennd allre shaffte,
& lac to wurr+tenn offredd her
O rodetreowwess allterr,
To lesenn mannkinn +turrh hiss d+a+t
Utt off +te deofless walde,
& forr to sahhtlenn hemm towarrd
Hiss Faderr upp off heoffne,
+Tatt all wass wra+t wi+t+t all mannkinn,
& haffde itt all forrworrpenn
A+g+g fra +tatt Adam Godd forrlet,
& toc himm to +te deofell.
& forr+ti wass +te Laferrd Crist
Off preostess kinn onn eor+te,
Forr +tatt he wollde wurr+tenn lac
+Tatt preostess unnderrfangenn,
& ec forr+ti +tatt he wass Preost
H+afedd off alle preostess,
To biddenn forr hiss a+ghenn follc
Upponn hiss Faderr are; 
<P I,10>
& ec +tiss illke Goddspell se+g+g+t,
Swa summ +ge littl+ar herrdenn,
+Tatt Zacarie, Godess preost,
& +gho +tatt wass hiss macche
W+arenn rihhtwise & gode menn
Biforenn Godess e+ghne.
& +guw ma+g+g ben +tiss illke word
God lare hu +guw birr+t libbenn.
He se+g+gde +tatt te+g+g w+arenn ba
Biforenn Godd rihhtwise.
& tatt wass alls he se+g+gde +tuss
Wi+t+t all full openn sp+ache,
+Te+g+g ba+te samenn cwemmdenn Godd
+Turrh heore rihhtwisnesse.
& swa ne don nohht alle +ta
+Tatt foll+ghenn rihhtwisnesse,
Ne cwemenn +te+g+g nohht alle Godd
Wi+t+t heore rihhtwisnesse.
Forr mann ma+g+g findenn i +tiss lif
Bitwenenn uss ino+ghe
+Tatt ledenn hemm swa d+arneli+g
Biforenn menness e+ghne,
+Tatt mann hemm hallt forr gode menn
& forr full wel rihhtwise,
& sinndenn +tohh biforenn Godd
Unngode & unnrihhtwise;
Forr+ti +tatt te+g+g forr idell +gellp
& all forr menness sp+ache
<P I,11>
Sh+awenn biforren o+tre menn
Godnesse & rihhtwisnesse,
& sinndenn +tohh swa +tehh i +tohht
& ec i d+arne dedess
Biforenn Drihhtin fule menn,
+Turrh sinness unncl+annesse.
Acc +ta +tatt all forr lufe off Godd
A+g+g foll+ghenn rihhtwisnesse
Biforenn menn, bihinndenn menn,
O da+g+gess & o nihhtess,
& nohht forr eor+tli+g loff, acc all
Forr heofennlike mede,
+Ta sinndenn wiss biforenn Godd
Rihhtwise menn & gode,
& shulenn habbenn heore l+an
Forr heore rihhtwisnesse,
A butenn ende blisse inoh
Wi+t+t alle Godess enngless.
& +get tiss Goddspell se+g+g+t off hemm,
Forr uss +turrh hemm to l+arenn,
+Tatt e+g+g+terr heore +gede swa
Rihht affterr Godess lare,
+Tatt fand mann nan +ting upponn hemm
To wre+genn, ne to t+alenn,
Noff whatt menn mihhtenn habbenn ni+t,
Ne wra+t+te +g+an heore oww+terr.
& her +tu mihht nu sen +tatt te+g+g
Full cweme w+arenn ba+te
Biforenn Godd inn heoffne, & ec
Biforenn menn onn eor+te.
<P I,12>
& tu shallt findenn swillke nu
Bitwenenn uss well f+awe;
Forr swa we don unnha+gherrli+g
Whattse we don to gode,
& swa we don itt wi+t+t unnskill
+Tatt itt ma+g+g anngrenn o+tre.
Acc swa ne didenn nohht ta twa
+Tatt we nu m+alenn ummbe;
Forr fand mann nan +ting upponn hemm
+Tatt mihhte ohht anngrenn o+tre;
+Turrh whatt tu mihht nu sen +tatt te+g+g
Rihhtwise & gode w+arenn.
& swa +te+g+g leddenn heore lif
Till +tatt te+g+g w+arenn alde,
+Tatt naffdenn +te+g+g nan child till +ta;
& tatt wass Godess wille.
Forr Godd itt haffde lokedd swa
+Tatt Sannt Johan Bapptisste
+Tatt time shollde streonedd ben
+Tatt w+are onn+g+aness kinde,
+Tatt hise frend mihhtenn off himm
All +tess te mare blissenn,
& tatt te follc all +tess te bett
Hiss lare shollde foll+ghenn,
+Turrh +tatt tatt te+g+g himm sholldenn sen
Ben borenn her to manne
+Turrh Godess wille, & +turrh hiss mahht,
& nohht +turrh moderr kinde.
<P I,13>
Forr +gho wass swa bifundenn wif
+Tatt naffde +gho nohht t+amedd,
& +gho wass +ta swa winntredd wif
& off swa mikell elde,
+Tatt naffde +gho nan kinde +ta
Onn hire forr to t+amenn.
& forr+ti wass itt all +turrh Godd
+Tatt +gho wass +ta wi+t+t childe,
Forr +tatt +gho shollde childenn an
Utnumenn child to manne.

   +Tiss gode mann, +tiss gode prest,
+Tatt we nu m+alenn offe,
Wass, alls I se+g+gde nu littl+ar,
+Gehatenn Zacaryas;
& he wass, alls icc hafe se+g+gd,
God prest, & Godd full cweme.
& he wass i +tatt shifftinng sett
+Tatt nemmnedd wass Abya,
Forr prestess +tanne & d+acness ec
Shifftedenn hemm bitwenenn
Whillc here shollde serrfenn firrst,
Whillc si+t+tenn i +te temmple.
& he, +tiss Zakaryas, wass
Bitwenenn o+tre prestess
I +tatt shifftinng to serrfenn sett
+Tatt nemmnedd wass Abya,
Affterr an h+afedd prest tatt wass
Off Aarones chilldre,
<P I,14>
+Tatt ta bi name nemmnedd wass
Abyu+t+t o+t+tr Abyas.
Unnderr all +talde la+ghess fresst
W+arenn alle +te prestess
Off twe+g+genn prestess, & tatt an
Off twe+g+genn wass nemmnedd
Eleazar, & Ytamar
Wass he +tatt o+terr nemmnedd.
& ta twa prestess w+arenn 
Aarones suness ba+te.
& talde la+ghess presteflocc 
Comm all off +ta twa prestess;
Forr Drihhtin haffde +tanne sett,
+Tatt nan ne shollde wurr+tenn
+Ta sett to wurr+tenn prest, butt iff
He prestess sune w+are.
& alle +ta prestess +tatt off
+Ta twe+g+genn prestess comenn,
Shifftedenn hemm bitwenenn +ta
Wi+t+t lott, whillc shollde serrfenn
Allmahhti+g Godd att allterr firrst,
Whillc si+t+tenn i +te temmple.
& Davi+t+t king hemm haffde sett
I lotess fowwre & twennti+g,
+Tatt illc an shollde witenn wel
Whillc lott himm shollde re+g+gsenn,
To cumenn inntill +Gerrsal+am,
To serrvenn i +te temmple.
+T+ar w+arenn fowwre & twennti+g menn
+Tatt w+arenn h+afedd prestess,
<P I,15>
& off illc an off alle +ta
Comm an god flocc off prestess,
Sprungenn off himm, strenedd +turrh himm,
& wass hiss hird +gehatenn.
& iwhillc an serlepess off
+Ta fowwre & twennti+g hirdess
Wass nemmnedd affterr an mann off
+Ta fowwre & twennti+g prestess
+Tatt w+arenn h+afedd prestess off
+Ta fowwre & twennti+g hirdess,
& illc an hird serlepess, off
+Ta fowwre and twennti+g hirdess, 
Wisste full wel whillc lott an, off
+Ta lotess fowwre & twennti+g,
Himm badd ben bun his sefennnahht
To +tewwtenn i +te temmple.
Forr illc an hird wel wisste inoh,
Whe+t+tr itt to serrfenn shollde
Prest senndenn i +te firrste lott,
O+t+tr i +tatt comm +t+araffterr,
O+t+tr i +te +tridde lott, o+t+tr i
+Te fer+te, o+t+tr i +te fifte.
& off +ta fowwre & twennti+g menn,
+Tatt w+arenn h+afedd prestess
& allderrmenn & hirdess off
+Ta fowwre & twennti+g gengess 
+Tatt w+arenn prestess, Drihhtin Godd
To +tewwtenn wukemalumm,
Off +ta twa si+te twellfe menn
Wass an Abyas nemmnedd
<P I,16>
O+t+tr Abyud, & inn hiss hird
Wass Zakaryass fundenn,
& off hiss kinn an hali+g prest,
& Drihhtin Godd full cweme.
& i +tehhtennde lott comm +tiss
Aby+gess hird to serrfenn,
To findenn prest hiss sefennnahht
To +tewwtenn i +te temmple.
& a+g+g whannse +tatt presteflocc,
+Tatt fowwre & twennti+g w+arenn,
Ann si+te +tewwtedd haffdenn all
Abutenn i +te temmple,
A+g+g haffde +tegg off wukess +ta
Rihht fowwre & twennti+g filledd.
& a+g+g +te+g+g tokenn efft forrnon
To serrfenn wukemalumm.
& +guw birr+t witenn +tatt te king
+Ta fowwre & twennti+g hirdess
Tod+aledd haffde +tane o twa,
To settenn twe+g+genn hirdess,
An hird tatt off Eleazar
Wass sprungenn & wass strenedd,
An o+terr +tatt off Ytamar
Wass strenedd her to manne.
& e+g+g+terr hird & e+g+g+ter hus
Tod+aledd wass +tohhwhe+t+tre
Onn hirdess rihht sextene, & ec
Onn hirdess twi+g+gess fowwre.
& tatt hird tatt tod+aledd wass
Onn hirdess rihht sextene,
<P I,17>
All +tatt hird off Eleazar
Wass strenedd her to manne;
& tatt, forr +tatt Eleazar
Sextene suness haffde,
& off illc an serlepess wass
An hird to manne strenedd.
& tatt hird tatt tod+aledd wass
Onn hirdess twi+g+gess fowwre,
All +tatt hird wass +turrh Ytamar
To manne onn er+te strenedd;
& tatt, forr+ti +tatt Ytamar
Rihht ehhte suness haffde,
& off illc an serlepess wass
An hird to manne strenedd;
& ta sextene +tatt Eleazar 
her haffde strenedd,
+Ta hirdess +tatt, witt tu full wel,
Haffdenn an hird onn h+afedd,
Haffdenn an h+afedd hird tatt wass
Abufenn alle +to+tre,
Alls iff itt w+are laferrdflocc
Offr alle +to+tre flockess.
& tatt tatt swa wass h+afedd hird,
+Tatt hird wass i +tatt time
Nemmnedd Eleazaress hus,
Eleazaress hewenn.
& all se itt for onn o+terr hallf
Inn Ytamaress chilldre.
Forr Ytamaress hird wass ec
+Tatt illke wise d+aledd
<P I,18>
Onn hirdess ehhte, se+g+g+t +te boc,
& haffde an hird onn h+afedd,
& haffde an h+afedd hird tatt wass
Abufenn alle +to+tre,
Alls iff itt w+are laferrdflocc
Offr alle +to+tre flokkess.
& tatt tatt swa wass h+afedd hird,
+Tatt hird wass i +tatt time
+Gehatenn Ytamaress hus,
& Ytamaress hewenn.
& illc an hird wass nemmnedd a+g+g
Bi name, inn all +tatt time,
Affterr summ a+tell mann & god
+Tatt i +tatt hird wass h+afedd.
& illc an hird wel wisste inoh
Whillc lott badd hise prestess
I Godess temmple serrfenn Godd.
& a+g+g comm Zacaryas
Unnderr +tehhtennde lott wi+t+t lac
To +tewwtenn i +te temmple.
& o +tatt illke wise comm
A+g+g d+akenn affterr d+akenn,
All affterr +tatt his lott himm fell
To +tewwtenn i +te temmple. 

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P I,117> 
   Annd o +tatt illke nahht tatt Crist
Wass borenn her to manne,
Wass he +get, alls hiss wille wass,
Awwnedd onn o+terr wise.
<P I,118>
He sette a steorrne upp o +te lifft
Full brad, & brihht, & shene,
Onn +ast hallf off +tiss middell+ard,
Swa summ +te Goddspell ki+te+t+t,
Amang +tatt follc +tatt cann innsihht
Off mani+g +ting +turrh steorrness,
Amang +te Calldeowisshe +teod
+Tatt cann innsihht o steorrness.
& tatt +teod wass h+a+tene +teod
+Tatt Crist +gaff +ta swillc takenn;
Forr+ti +tatt he +te+g+gm wollde +ta
To rihhte l+afe wendenn.
& son se +te+g+g +tatt steorrneleom
+T+ar s+a+ghenn upp o liffte,
+Treo kingess off +tatt illke land
Full wel itt unnderrstodenn,
& wisstenn witerrli+g +t+ar+turrh
+Tatt swillc new king wass awwnedd,
+Tatt wass so+t Godd & so+t mann ec,
An had off twinne kinde.
All +tiss +te+g+g unnderrstodenn wel
Forr +tatt itt Godd hemm u+te,
& comenn samenn alle +treo,
& settenn hemm bitwenenn,
+Tatt illc an shollde +trinne lac
Habbenn wi+t+t him o lade,
& tatt te+g+g sholldenn farenn for+t
To le+g+gtenn & to sekenn
<P I,119>
+Tatt newe king, +tatt borenn wass
Amang Judisskenn +teode.
& sone anan +te+g+g forenn for+t
Illc an wi+t+t +trinne lakess,
Forr +tatt ta lakess sholldenn uss
Well mikell god bitacnenn.
& te+g+gre steorrne wass wi+t+t hemm
To ledenn hemm +tatt we+g+ge,
Forr a+g+g itt fl+at upp i +te lifft
Biforenn hemm a litell,
To t+achenn hemm +tatt we+g+ge rihht
+Tatt ledde hemm towarrd Criste.
Acc fra +tatt Kalldewisshe land,
+Tatt te+g+g +ta comenn offe,
Wass mikell we+g+ge till +tatt land
+Tatt Crist wass borenn inne;
& forr+ti wass hemm ned to don
God +tra+ghe to +tatt we+g+ge,
Forr rihht onn hiss +trittende da+g+g
+Te+g+g comenn till +tatt chesstre,
+T+ar ure Laferrd Jesu Crist
Wass borenn her to manne;
+Tuss wass +te Laferrd Jesu Crist
Awwnedd o twinne wise
Forr+trihht anan, i +tatt tatt he
Wass borenn her to manne, 
Forr +tatt menn sholldenn cnawenn himm
& lofenn himm & wurr+tenn,
& cumenn till +te Crisstenndom
& till +te rihhte l+afe,
<P I,120>
& winnenn swa to cumenn upp
Till heofennrichess blisse.
Her endenn twa Goddspelless +tuss,
& uss birr+t hemm +turrhsekenn,
To lokenn whatt te+g+g l+arenn uss
Off ure sawle nede.

   Forr+trihht anan se time comm,
+Tatt ure Drihhtin wollde
Ben borenn i +tiss middell+ard
Forr all mannkinne nede,
He ch+as himm sone kinness menn
All swillke summ he wollde,
& wh+ar he wollde borenn ben
He ch+as all att hiss wille.
&, alls hiss lefe wille wass,
Hiss moderr Sannte Mar+ge
Comm rihht inntill +tatt illke tun
& till +tatt illke bottle,
+Tatt he wollde inne borenn ben
& awwnedd her onn eor+te.
& forr+ti +tatt ma+g+g+thadess lif
Iss he+ghesst allre life,
Forr+ti ch+as ure Laferrd Crist
An ma+g+gdenn himm to moderr,
Forr +tatt he lufe+t+t alle +ta
+Tatt so+t cl+annesse foll+ghenn.
<P I,121>
& forr +tatt he wass borenn her
Sahhtnesse & gri+t+t to settenn
Bitwenenn Drihhtin, heoffness king,
& mannkinn her onn eor+te,
Forr+ti ch+as he to wurr+tenn mann
O +tatt Ke+g+gseress time,
+Tatt held wi+t+t mikell gri+t+t & fri+t+t 
Hiss kinedom onn eor+te.
& forr +tatt he wass wurr+tenn mann
To +gifenn menn onn eor+te
Hiss a+ghenn hall+ghe fl+ash & blod,
So+t br+ad to +te+g+gre sawle,
Forr+ti ch+as he +tatt illke tun
To wurr+tenn borenn inne,
+Tatt wass +gehatenn Be+t+tle+am,
Forr+ti +tatt itt bitacne+t+t
+Tatt hus +tatt br+ad iss inne don,
& tatt iss Cristess kirrke;
Forr Cristess fl+ash & Cristess blod
Iss hall+ghedd inn hiss kirrke,
Forr +t+ar to wurr+tenn lifess br+ad
Till alle Cristess +teowwess.
& all all swa se +ta wass sett
+Turrh +tatt Kaseress h+ase,
+Tatt illc mann shollde cumenn ham
Inntill hiss a+ghenn birde,
Forr +t+ar to reccnenn till +te king
An peninng forr himm sellfenn,
& tatt mann shollde hiss name +t+ar
Att hame o write settenn,
<P I,122>
All all swa bidde+t+t ure king,
+Te Laferrd Crist off heffne,
+Tatt illc mann shule cumenn ham
Inntill hiss a+ghenn birde,
+Tatt iss inntill rihht Crisstenndom,
& inntill rihhte l+afe,
Inntill +tatt so+tfasstnessess ham
+Tatt mann wass shapenn inne,
& reccnenn himm +tatt peninng +t+ar
+Tatt tacne+t+t rihhtwisnesse;
& he shall writenn alle +ta
+Tatt cwemmdenn himm o life
Onn eche lifess bokess writt,
To brukenn heoffness blisse.
& ec +turrh +tatt tatt Jos+ap comm
Wi+t+t ure laffdi+g Mar+ge
Till Be+t+tle+am, Davi+tess burrh,
Forr sillferr +t+ar to reccnenn
Forr Mar+ge, & forr himm sellfenn ec,
Affterr +te kingess h+ase,
+Turrh +tatt we mu+ghenn sen full wel,
+Tatt Jesuss nohht ne wollde
Ben borenn nowwhar i +te land,
Butt inn hiss a+ghenn birde;
Forr ure laffdi+g Mar+ge wass
+Tatt illke kingess me+ghe,
Forr +gho wass off Davi+tess kinn
+Tatt Drihhtin wass full dere.  
<P I,123>
& hire sune wass himm lic
O fele kinne wise;
Forr Crist wass strang wi+t+t hannd inoh
To werrpenn dun +te deofell,
& Crist wass +afre swillc to sen
& a beo+t butenn ende,
+Tatt gode +georrndenn himm to sen,
& +afre shulenn +georrnenn.
& tiss iss +tatt uss opennli+g
Davi+tess name tacne+t+t;
Forr itt uss tacne+t+t strang wi+t+t hannd
& lufsumm onn to lokenn,
& Crist iss ba+te - strang wi+t+t hannd,
& luffsumm onn to lokenn.
& Crist iss all se Davi+t+t wass
Shephirde, & king, & kemmpe,
Forr Crist iss allre kinge King,
& alle shaffte Laferrd.
& Davi+t+t king sloh Goliat,
H+a+tene follkess kemmpe,
& Crist band uss +te la+te gast,
All hellewaress strennc+te.
& Davi+t+t, whanne he +gung mann wass,
+Ta wass he shepess hirde,
& Crist iss hirde off hise shep,
Off hise dere +teowwess.
& Crist wass hirde god inoh
+Tatt +gaff hiss a+ghenn sawle,
To lesenn hise shep +t+arwi+t+t
Ut off +te deofless walde.
<P I,124>
+Ta gode menn +tatt lufenn Crist,
& hise la+ghess haldenn,
+Te+g+g alle sinndenn Cristess shep,
Forr +tatt te+g+g sinndenn alle
+Addmode & meoke & milde menn,
All affterr shepess kinde.

   & tatt te Laferrd Jesu Crist
Wass borenn her to manne,
+Tatt time +tatt hiss moderr wass
I +teowwdom unnderr laferrd,
+Tatt dide he forr to sh+awenn swa
Unnse+g+genndli+g meocnesse,
To t+achenn +turrh himm sellfenn swa,
& +turrh hiss hall+ghe bisne,
+Tatt +guw birr+t berenn bli+teli+g
+Teowwdom off +gure laferrd;
& ec forr +tatt he wollde swa
+Turrh hiss +teowwdom utlesenn
Off deofless +teowwdom alle +ta,
+Tatt wel himm sholldenn foll+ghenn.
& tatt te laffdi+g Mar+ge warr+t
I Nazar+a+t wi+t+t childe,
& tatt +gho comm off Galileow
Till Be+t+tle+amess chesstre,
+Tatt time +tatt +gho Jesu Crist
To manne shollde childenn,
<P I,125>
+Tatt iss nu filledd illke da+g+g
+Turrh Jesu Cristess +teowwess.
Forr Nazar+a+t onn Ennglissh iss
Alls iff +tu nemmne blosstme,
& Galileow bitacne+t+t wheol,
Swa summ so+t boc uss ki+te+t+t,
& Be+t+tle+am tacne+t+t +tatt hus
+Tatt lifess br+ad iss inne,
& Godess +teowwess blomenn a+g+g
Inn alle gode +t+awess,
Her i +tiss middel+ardess lif
+Tatt +turrh +te wheol iss tacnedd.
Forr all +tiss middell+ardess +ting
A+g+g turrne+t+t her & wharrfe+t+t
Nu upp, nu dun, swa summ +te wheol,
& nohht ne stannt itt stille.
& Cristess +teowwess a+g+g occ a+g+g
Forrho+ghenn & forrwerrpenn
All weorelldshipess fule lusst,
& alle fule +t+awess,
& cumenn ut off Galileow
Gastlike o swillke wise,
& cumenn inntill Be+t+tle+am,
+Tatt tacne+t+t Cristess kirrke,
+Tatt Cristess fl+ash & Cristess blod
+Te sawle br+ad iss inne.
& Jesu Crist iss borenn +t+ar
Swa summ itt w+are off moderr,
+Turrh +tatt tatt hise +teowwess +t+ar
Wi+t+t spell off Godess lare
<P I,126>
Don l+awedd follc to sen summ del,
& don hemm tunnderrstanndenn,
+Tatt Crist iss Godd, & Crist iss mann,
An had off twinne kinde.

   Forr+trihht anan se Jesu Crist
Wass borenn off hiss moderr,
+Gho wand himm sone i winndeclut,
& le+g+gde himm inn an cribbe.
Acc uss birr+t witenn +tatt he warr+t,
All wi+t+t hiss a+ghenn wille,
Unnorne & wrecche & usell child
Inn ure mennisscnesse,
Forr +tatt he wollde inn heoffness +ard
Uss alle makenn riche.
& he +tatt all +tiss middel+ard
Onn alle wise shride+t+t,
He wollde wundenn ben forr uss
I wrecche winndeclutess,
Forr +tatt he wollde shridenn uss
Wi+t+t heofennlike w+ade.
& he +tatt all +tiss weorelld shop
& alle shaffte stere+t+t,
He let himm ba+te bindenn her
Wi+t+t bandess fet & hande,
Forr +tatt he wollde unnbindenn uss
Off hellepiness bandess.
<P I,127>
& heoffne & lifft & land & s+a
Wi+t+t Goddcunndnesse fille+t+t
+Tatt illke child, tatt t+ar wass le+g+gd
Inn an full naru cribbe,
Forr +tatt he wollde +gifenn uss
All heoffness rume riche.
& he +tatt fede+t+t enngle+teod
& alle cwike shaffte,
He la+g+g all, alls hiss wille wass,
Biforenn asse i cribbe,
Swa summ he w+are +gifenn himm
To wurr+tenn himm to fode,
Forr +tatt he wollde brinngenn uss
Upp inntill heoffness blisse,
& +gifenn uss himm sellfenn +t+ar
Wi+t+t enngless eche fode.
+Tuss Godess Sune, Allmahhti+g Godd,
Wass wrecche mann onn eor+te,
Forr swa to brinngenn mannkinn onn
To +geornenn affterr litell,
Forr +tatt he lufe+t+t alle +ta
+Tatt hise la+ghess haldenn,
& lufenn, forr +te lufe off himm,
To libbenn her onn eor+te
Full wrecchelike inn uselldom
Off metess & off cla+tess.
& tatt te Laferrd Jesu Crist
Wass le+g+gd inn asse cribbe,
+Tatt tacne+t+t uss, +tatt he comm her
To wurr+tenn mann onn eor+te
<P I,128>
Wi+t+t mannkinn +tatt wass stunnt, & dill,
& skilll+as swa summ asse.
& asse - +tohh itt litell be,
Itt hafe+t+t mikell afell
To berenn upp well mikell s+am,
+Giff mann itt do+t +t+aronne.
& swa wass neh all follc +tatt da+g+g
+Tatt Crist comm her to manne,
Neh all itt wass +ta strang inoh
To +teowwtenn la+te gastess,
To berenn upp +tatt la+te s+am,
To don alle +te+g+gre wille.
& +turrh +tatt Godd wass wurr+tenn mann
Forr ure miccle nede,
+Turrh +tatt wass he, +tatt witt tu wel,
All wi+t+t hiss lefe wille
Ni+t+tredd & wannsedd wunnderrli+g,
& la+ghedd inn himm sellfenn,
Forr o +tatt hallf +tatt he wass mann,
Mann mihhte himm fon & pinenn  
Wi+t+t hat & kald, wi+t+t nesshe & harrd,
Wi+t+t pine off +trisst & hunngerr,
& cwellenn himm mann mihhte wel
Inn ure mennisscnesse.
& Godd wass wurr+tenn swa forr uss
+Get lasse +tann an enngell;
Forr mann ne ma+g+g nohht enngell seon
Ne takenn himm ne bindenn,
<P I,129>
Ne pinenn himm, ne cwellenn himm,
Forr he ne de+ge+t+t n+afre.
Acc Drihhtin Godd warr+t her forr +te
+Get lasse +tann hiss enngell,
& lah+ghre inoh, forr+ti +tatt he
+Te wollde +gifenn bisne,
+Tatt te birr+t a+g+g +te sellfenn her
+Turrh so+t meocnesse la+ghenn,
& l+atenn swi+te unnorneli+g
& litell off +te sellfenn.

   +Tatt hirdess wokenn o +tatt nahht
+Tatt Crist wass borenn onne,
+Tatt wass swa summ hiss wille wass,
Forr +tatt itt shollde tacnenn
+Tatt he forr+ti wass wurr+tenn mann,
Forr +tatt he wollde sammnenn
An flocc off menn till Crisstenndom,
& till +te rihhte l+afe,
+Tatt sholldenn wurr+tenn hise shep
+Turrh heore unnsha+ti+gnesse,
& sholldenn habbenn oferr hemm
Bisscopess, preostess, d+acness;
Forr +tatt te+g+g sholldenn hirdess ben
To +gemenn hemm & g+atenn,
& ec forr +tatt he wollde ben
Himm sellf utnumenn hirde,
Swa +tatt he wollde hiss a+ghenn lif
Forr hise shep forrl+atenn.
<P I,130>
+Tatt Godess enngell comm o nihht,
Swa summ +te Goddspell ki+te+t+t,
To spekenn wi+t+t +ta wakemenn
+Tatt wokenn heore faldess,
& tatt he comm +tatt nihht till hemm
Wi+t+t heoffness lihht & leome,
& tatt te+g+g w+arenn forr +tatt lihht,
& forr +tatt enngless sihh+te,
Forrdredde swi+te fasste anan,
Swa summ +te Goddspell ki+te+t+t,
& ec +tatt Godess enngell toc
To frofrenn hemm wi+t+t worde,
All +tatt wass don +turrh Jesu Crist
Forr mikell +ting to tacnenn.
Itt tacne+t+t uss +tatt ure Godd
Well offte sennde+t+t enngless
Inntill +tiss middell+ard, tatt iss
All full off +teossterrnesse,
+Tatt iss off all +tatt ifell iss
Inn alle kinne sinne.
Itt tacne+t+t +tatt he sennde+t+t hemm
Inntill +tiss +teossterrnesse,
To frofrenn +ta +tatt wakenn wel
Onn+g+aness la+te gastess,
& stanndenn inn to shildenn hemm
Fra deofless swikedomess.
& all +tatt flocc +tatt hemm iss set
To +gemenn & to g+atenn,
<P I,131>
To frofrenn swillke sennde+t+t Godd
Enngless & hall+ghe sawless,
& a+g+g +te+g+g cumenn dun till +ta
Wi+t+t heoffness lihht & leome,
+Tatt iss wi+t+t witt & god innsihht
Inn alle kinne +tinge,
Forr Drihhtin +gife+t+t her hiss +teoww
God witt, & mahht, & wille,
To stanndenn +g+an +te la+te gast
& +g+an all +tatt he l+are+t+t.
Acc a+g+g +te+g+g sinndenn +tohh swa +tehh
Well swi+te sare offdredde
Off domess da+gess starrke dom,
& off +te Demess irre,
All all swa summ +ta wakemenn
Well swi+te offdredde w+arenn
Off heoffness brihhte lihht & leom,
& off +tatt enngless sihh+te;
Acc hihht & hope o Drihhtin Godd
& onn hiss mildheorrtnesse,
+Tatt frofre+t+t hemm & beolde+t+t hemm
To foll+ghenn Godess lare,
To fandenn, +giff +te+g+g mu+ghenn swa
+Te Demess are winnenn.
& tatt wass uss bitacnedd wel
+Turrh +tatt tatt Godess enngell
Toc sone anan wi+t+t milde word
+Ta wakemenn to frofrenn,
Forr +tatt he wisste wel +tatt te+g+g
Off himm forrdredde w+arenn;
<P I,132>
Forr Godess enngell frofre+t+t mann,
+Giff +tatt he seo+t himm f+aredd;
Forr Godess enngell iss full meoc,
& soffte, & milde, & bli+te,
& deofell iss all full off ni+t,
& full off grammcunndnesse,
& full off hete towarrd mann.
& full off modi+gnesse,
& +giff he seo+t +te mann forrdredd,
He wile himm skerrenn mare,
& r+afenn himm hiss rihhte witt,
& shetenn inn hiss heorrte.
Acc whas itt iss +tatt w+apnedd iss
Wi+t+t fulle troww+te o Criste,
+Tohh +tatt he grissli+g deofell seo,
Niss he rihht nohht forrf+aredd.
+Tatt enngell se+g+gde +tatt he wass 
+Ta cumenn forr to ki+tenn,
O Godess hallfe, +t+ar till hemm
An swi+te mikell blisse,
+Tatt shollde ben till all +te follc;
+Tatt se+g+gde he forr +tatt tanne
Wass cumenn i +tiss middell+ard
Full mikell blisse & sell+te,
Till alle +ta +tatt sholldenn wel
O Godess Sune lefenn,
O Jesu Crist tatt borenn wass
+Tatt illke nahht to manne.
<P I,133>
He se+g+gde +tatt te Laferrd Crist
Wass borenn her to manne
Nohht o +te nahht, acc o +te da+g+g,
Forr mikell +ting to tacnenn;
Forr da+g+gess lihht bitacne+t+t uss
All eche lifess blisse,
& nahht bitacne+t+t all +tatt wa
+Tatt iss inn hellepine.
& Crist wass borenn i +tiss lif
To lesenn uss off helle,
Forr +tatt he wollde +gifenn uss
Wi+t+t enngless eche blisse.
& tatt wass uss bitacnedd ec
+Turrh +tatt, tatt Godess enngell
Wass awwnedd till +ta wakemenn
Wi+t+t heoffness lihht & leome;
Forr Godess Sune Jesu Crist
Wass wurr+tenn mann onn eor+te,
To +gifenn heoffness lihht & leom
+Tatt follc +tatt shollde himm foll+ghenn.

   +Tatt Godd Allmahhti+g wurr+tenn wass
+Gung child inn ure kinde,
& wrecche child off wrecche kinn,
+Tatt do+t uss tunnderrstanndenn
+Tatt uss birr+t mikell lufenn Crist,
& lofenn himm & wurr+tenn,
Off +tatt he wollde himm sellfenn swa
Forr ure lufe la+ghenn,
<P I,134>
& off +tatt he warr+t wrecche mann
Forr uss to makenn riche,
Wi+t+t enngless upp inn heoffness +ard,
Wi+t+tutenn ende i blisse.
Annd +turrh +tatt, tatt t+ar awwnedd wass
An here off Godess enngless,
+Tatt time +tatt te Laferrd Crist
Wass borenn her to manne,
+Turrh +tatt wass uss don +t+ar full wel
To sen & tunnderrstanndenn,
+Tatt enngless stanndenn a+g+g occ a+g+g
To lofenn Godd & wurr+tenn.
& +turrh +tatt illke wass uss ec
Don full wel tunnderrstanndenn,
+Tatt uss birr+t lofenn Drihhtin a+g+g
Wi+t+t innwarrd heorrtess tunge,
& +tannkenn himm +tatt miccle god
+Tatt he do+t uss onn eor+te.
& +turrh +tatt illke wass uss ec
Don full wel tunnderrstanndenn,
+Tatt Crist, all enngle+teode king,
Wass borenn her to manne,
Alls iff he +g+an +te la+te gast
Wi+t+t here wollde fihhtenn,
To winnenn Adam & hiss kinn
Ut off +te deofless walde,
& settenn enngless oferr hemm
To +gemenn hemm & g+atenn,
<P I,135>
& forr to shildenn hemm onn+g+an
+Te deofless la+te wiless.
Annd Godess enngless w+arenn +ta
Well swi+te glade wurr+tenn
Off +tatt, tatt Godd wass wurr+tenn mann,
Forr +tatt te+g+g wisstenn alle,
+Tatt te+g+gre genge shollde ben
Wi+t+t gode sawless ekedd,
& wurr+tedd ec, & all forr+ti
+Te+g+g w+arenn swi+te bli+te,
& all forr+ti +te+g+g sungenn +ta
+Tiss sang wi+t+t mikell blisse,
Si Drihhtin upp inn heoffness +ard
Wurr+tshipe, & loff, & wullderr,
& upponn eor+te gri+t+t & fri+t+t,
+Turrh Godess mildheorrtnesse,
Till iwhillc mann +tatt habbenn shall
God heorrte & a+g+g god wille.
+Tiss sungenn +te+g+g, forr+ti +tatt te+g+g
Full wel +t+ar unnderrstodenn,
+Tatt te+g+gre genge shollde ben
+Turrh hall+ghe sawless ekedd,
+Turrh whatt biforenn Drihhtin Godd,
+Giff +tatt itt waxenn mihhte
Wurr+tshipe & wullderr shollde ben,
Swa summ itt waxenn w+are,
& ec forr +tatt te+g+g wisstenn wel
+Tatt Godd comm her to manne,
Forr +tatt he wollde gri+t+t & fri+t+t
& so+t sahhtnesse settenn
<P I,136>
Bitwenenn Drihhtin, heoffness king,
& mannkinn her onn eor+te,
+Tatt mannkinn shollde mu+ghenn wel
Upp cumenn inntill heoffne,
+Tatt heoffness here mihhte swa
+Turrh hall+ghe sawless waxenn,
+Turrh whatt biforenn Drihhtin Godd
Wurr+tshipe waxenn shollde,
+Giff +tatt himm mihhte waxenn ohht
& wurr+tenn bettre & mare.
+Tatt gri+t+t wass sett till alle +ta,
Swa summ +te Goddspell ki+te+t+t,
+Tatt sholldenn wurr+tenn gode menn,
& habbenn a+g+g god wille
Till +ta +tatt sholldenn unnderrfon
Wi+t+t blisse Cristess come,
& nohht till +ta +tatt sholldenn himm
Forrho+ghenn & forrwerrpenn;
Forr niss nohht Godess gri+t+t wi+t+t +ta
+Tatt wi+t+trenn Godd onn+g+aness,
Acc hellewawenn iss till +ta
All affterr +te+g+gre wrihhte.
& her mann unnderrstanndenn ma+g+g,
Whillc mann iss Drihhtin cweme,
+Tatt illke mann iss Drihhtin lef
+Tatt hafe+t+t gode wille;
Forr whase itt iss +tatt illke mann
+Tatt hafe+t+t a+g+g god wille,
<P I,137>
+Tatt illke mann ne sinn+ghe+t+t nohht,
Ne gillte+t+t hise +tannkess,
Ne towarrd Godd, ne towarrd mann,
+Giff +tatt he ma+g+g himm lokenn.
& +giff +tatt iss +tatt he missdo+t
Onn ani+g kinne wise,
Itt reowe+t+t himm, & sone anan
He stannt itt inn to betenn. 

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P II,224>
   An mann amang Judisskenn +ted
Wass Nicodem +gehatenn,
Off +tatt Farisewisshe follc
+Tatt l+aredd wass o boke,
An allderrmann, an h+afedd mann
Inn Issra+ale +tede,
To l+arenn & to spellenn hemm,
To wissenn & to +gemenn.
& he comm onn an nahht till Crist,
Forr +tatt he wollde lernenn
<P II,225>
All stilleli+g summwhatt att himm
Off hiss goddcunnde lare.
& tuss he toc forr+trihht anan
To m+alenn wi+t+t +te Laferrd;
Ma+g+gstre, - we witenn sikerrli+g
+Tatt tu +turrh Godess wille
& all o Godess hallfe arrt sennd
Larfaderr her to manne;
Forr niss nan mann +tatt wirrkenn ma+g+g
+Ta tacness +tatt tu wirrkesst,
Butt iff +tatt Drihhtin be wi+t+t himm
All opennlike onn er+te.
& ure Laferrd Jesu Crist
Himm +gaff anndswere & se+g+gde;
To fulle so+t I segge +te,
+Tatt niss nan mann onn er+te
+Tatt mu+ghe Godess riche sen
Butt he be boren twi+gess.
& Nicodem +gaff sone +tuss 
Anndswere till +te Laferrd;
Hu ma+g+g ald mann ben borenn efft
Onn elde off moderr wambe?
Ma+g+g ani+g ald mann cumenn efft
Inntill hiss moderr wambe,
To wurr+tenn borenn to +tiss lif
Efftsoness off hiss moderr?
& ure Laferrd Jesu Crist
Himm +gaff annswere & se+g+gde;
To fulle so+t I segge +te,
Loc +giff +tu willt itt trowwenn,
<P II,226>
+Tatt niss nan mann +tatt cumenn ma+g+g
Upp inntill Godess riche,
Butt iff he be rihht la+gheli+g
Efft borenn her onn er+te,
Off waterr & off Hali+g Gast
Wi+t+t all +te rihhte l+afe.
All +tatt tatt borenn iss off fl+ash
Iss fl+ash & fl+ashess kinde,
& all +tatt borenn iss off Gast
Iss gast & gastess kinde.
Ne +tinnke +te na wunnderr nu
Off - +tatt I +te nu se+g+gde,
+Tatt +guw iss alle mikell ned
To wurr+tenn borenn twi+gess;
Gast +gife+t+t herrte, & wille, & mahht,
+T+ar +t+ar himm sellfenn like+t+t,
& tu mahht herenn gastess rerd
Wi+t+t er+tli+g fl+ashess +are,
Acc +tu ne mahht nohht witenn her
+Tohhwhe+t+tre o fl+ashli+g wise,
Fra whe+tennwarrd gast cume+t+t for+t
Ne whiderrwarrd he wende+t+t.
& o +tatt wise iss illc an mann
Weppmann & wimmann ba+te,
+Tatt borenn iss off Hali+g Gast,
Loc +giff +tut unnderrstanndesst.
& Nicodem +gaff sone +tuss
Anndswere till +te Laferrd;
<P II,227>
Hu shall mann unnderrstanndenn +tiss,
Whatt gate ma+g+g +tiss wurr+tenn?
& ure Laferrd Jesu Crist
Himm +gaff anndswere, & se+g+gde;
Whatt gate arrt tu forr ma+g+gstre tald
Inn Issra+ale +tede,
+Giff +tatt tu nohht ne cannst off +tiss
+Tatt icc her habbe sh+awedd?
To fulle so+t I segge +te,
We spellenn +tatt we cunnenn,
& tatt we s+a+ghenn opennli+g
+T+arto we wittness sinndenn,
& tohh swa +tehh niss +guw nohht off
To takenn ne to trowwenn
+Tatt wittness, +tatt we berenn for+t
Off +tatt we wissli+g s+a+ghenn.
+Giff +tatt I spacc off er+tli+g +ting,
& +get rihht nohht ne trowwenn,
Hu shule +ge me trowwenn wel,
+Giff +tatt iss +tatt I m+ale
Till +guw off hefennlike +ting,
+Tatt all iss dep & d+arne?
& niss nan mann +tatt sti+ghe+t+t upp
Inntill +te burrh off heffne,
Wi+t+tutenn himm +tatt stah forr menn
Off heffne dun till er+te,
+Te manness Sune fuliwiss
+Tatt wune+t+t upp inn heffne.
& all all swa se Moys+as
Hof upp +te neddre i wesste,
<P II,228>
All swa bihofe+t+t fuliwiss
+Te manness Sune onn er+te,
To wurr+tenn hofenn upp mang menn
Forr all mannkinne nede,
+Tatt wha se trowwenn shall onn himm
Wel mu+ghe wurr+tenn borr+genn.
Swa lufede +te Laferrd Godd
+Te werelld, tatt he sennde
Hiss a+ghenn Sune, Allmahhti+g Godd,
To wurr+tenn mann onn er+te,
To lesenn mannkinn +turrh hiss d+a+t
Ut off +te defless walde,
+Tatt wha se trowwenn shall onn himm
Wel mu+ghe wurr+tenn borr+ghenn;
For Drihhtin Godd ne sennde nohht
Hiss Sune forr to demenn
+Tiss werelld, acc to lesenn itt
Ut off +te defless walde.
& wha se lefe+t+t upponn himm,
+Tatt mann iss all unndemedd;
& wha se onn himm ne trowwe+t+t nohht,
+Tatt mann iss nu+g+gu demedd,
Forr+ti +tatt he ne trowwe+t+t nohht,
Swa summ himm birrde trowwenn,
Uppo +tatt name, +tatt iss sett
O Godess Sune onn er+te,
Onn himm, +tatt iss off Drihhtin Godd
Ankennedd Sune strenedd.
<P II,229>
+Tatt iss +te dom, +tatt lihht & lem
Iss cumenn upponn er+te,
& menn ne lufenn nohht te lihht 
Acc lufenn +tessterrnesse,
Forr+ti +tatt te+g+gre dede iss all
Unngod & all unnclene.
Forr wha sitt iss +tatt ifell do+t,
He shune+t+t lihht & leme,
& fle+t to cumenn to +te lihht,
+Tatt he ne wurr+te t+aledd
+Turrh +ta +tatt sen hiss fule lasst
& hiss unnclene dede.
& wha se foll+ghe+t+t so+t & rihht
Inn alle gode dedess,
He cume+t+t gladdli+g to +te lihht
To sh+awenn +tatt hiss dede
Iss all i Godd, & all +turrh Godd
& +turrh hiss hellpe for+tedd.
Her endenn twa Goddspelless +tuss,
& uss birr+t hemm +turrhsekenn,
To lokenn whatt te+g+g l+arenn uss
Off ure sawle nede. 



<B CMTRINIT>
<Q MX/1 IR HOM TRIN5>
<N TRIN HOM 5>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT: TRINITY HOMILIES.
OLD ENGLISH HOMILIES OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY.
SECOND SERIES.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 53.
ED. R. MORRIS.
LONDON, 1873.

PP. 25.1   - 31.16 (V)
PP. 67.16  - 75.31 (XII) 
PP. 117.1  - 121.4 (XX) 
PP. 131.23 - 141.8 (XXIII)^]

<P 25>
[} [\V.\] }]

[}PATER NOSTER.}]

   (\Pater noster et cetera.\) +Du singest +te salm +te me      #
clepe+d crede.
+tu seist +tat on gode bileuest. and dost cnownesse +tat he is
+ti louerd. ac +tanne +tu singest +te salm +tat is cleped       #
pater noster.
After +te forme word of +te salme; abugest gode. and cnewlest
togenes him. and biddest +tat all his wille wur+de. and menest
to him +tine fele nede. and biddest +tat he hem alle bete. +tus
que+dende. (\ [{P{]ater noster qui es in celis.\) fader ure     #
+tu ert in
heuene. +te holie +tremnesse +te shop and biwalt alle shafte;   #
we
clepie+d ure fader for two +ting. on his for +to +te he us      #
shop; and
feide +te lemes to ure licame. and +te sowle +tarto. +te sene   #
to +te
egen. +te hlust to +te earen. and to elche lime limpliche       #
mihte.
and swo digeliche hit al dihte; +tat on elche feinge is hem on
sene. and eft he us wile feie; +tanne we shulen arisen of       #
dea+de.
and for+ti we clepe+d him fader for +tat he us feide here.      #
O+der
is +tat he fet alle liuiende +ting. +te bi mete liuien. alle    #
nutten
openliche; and gres and trowen dieliche. Ac on of alle nutten
+tat is man. he fet on two wise. noht alle; ac sume. +Do        #
unrihtwise
openliche mid licames bileue; and +te sowle mid hire bileue.
and +teih he alle +ting +tus fede; he nis na+demo nemned heore
alre manne +teih hem alle fede. ac sunderlepes he is here fader
mid wisse. +te on rihte bileue. and on so+de luue understant    #
his
holie fles. and his holie blod. +tat ben +te rihtwise. and +te  #
bileafule.
and +te godfrihte men; +te lade+d her lif alse me hem in
chireche lere+d. and +to +te swo ne don; habben to fader +te    #
deuel
+te fet hem alle +to +te him folege+d. and on +te forme men;    #
alle
ueide er. and mid licames luste; alle unbilefulle men +te +to
weren. and get ben. he fede+d. and is +tarfore hore fader.      #
(\Sanctificetur
nomen tuum.\) bledsed be +ti name on us. swo +tat we on 
alle ure +tanke. +te heien on alle ure worden. +te herien; on   #
alle
ure deden +te wur+dien. and ouer alle +ting +te luuien. and swo
<P 27>
ernien +tat we habben moten of +tine holie name +te tocne       #
imene.
(\Adueniat regnum tuum.\) Cume +ti rixlinge. To sume men
cume+d ure louerd ihesu crist. and litle hwile mid hem bileue+d
and si+d+den him forlete+d. Swilche ben alle +to +te here+d     #
godes
word on lor spelle. and +tenchen +tat hie wille+d here synnes   #
leten.
and ne don. To sume men cume+d ure louerd ihesu crist. and
bileue+d mid him. and na+demo ne rixle+d noht on him. Swilche
ben alle +to +te hauen here synnes forleten. and bi prestes     #
wissinge
hem gernliche bete+d. To sume men he cume+d. and biginne+d
on him to rixle on +tis e+deliche liue. and wille fulliche      #
rixle
on him eft on +te eche liue. ac swilche ben arue+d finde. nu    #
abuuen
eor+de. and na+deles manie be+d get. +to ben +te godfrihte +te  #
clene
ben of synnes. and lete+d unwur+d of alle woreld wunne. and
luue+d rihtliche alle liuiende men. and ben hersume alle godes
hese. and is +tis woreld lo+d. and habbe+d longinge to heuene.  #
and
ne gierne+d to none +tinge; bute after godes wille. (\Fiat      #
uoluntas
tua sicut in celo et in terra.\) Wur+de +ti wil on eor+de swo   #
hit
is on heuene. swo +tat me +te quemen of here liflode on eor+de.
alse don +te engles on heuene. (\Panem nostrum cotidianum da
nobis hodie.\) Gif us to dai ure daihwamliche bred. Al hit is
cleped bred; +tat is mannes bileue; ac na+deles bred bitocne+d  #
+tre
bileues. On is +te mete. +te +te lichame bruke+d and biliue+d.  #
+Dat
o+der is godes word. +tat is +te sowle fode. +te +tridde is     #
for mete +tat
ilch man agh mid him to leden. +tan he sal of +tesse liue       #
faren.
+tat is cristes holie licame. +te giue+d alle men eche lif. and
blisse in heuene. and gief we wise ben; we mugen mid one
worde +tese +trie +ting bidden. and ben bene ti+de. (\Et        #
dimitte
nobis debita nostra.\) And forgiue us ure gultes +te we hauen   #
don.
and ofte on idel +tonke. on unnet speche. on iuele dede. and
muchele mo si+de +tanne we segen mugen. (\Sicut et nos          #
dimittimus
debitoribus nostris.\) And swo forgiue us ure gultes. swo
we don hem here +te us agult habbe+d. Ne mai no man +tese word
seggen +tanne he godes milce bisec+d. gief he haue+d on his     #
heorte
onde. o+der ni+d. o+der hatiunge to his emcristene. +tat he him
seluen fram gode ne dele+d. Ac bidde+d +tat godes wra+d+de cume
uppen his ogen heued. (\Et ne nos inducas in temptationem.\)
<P 29>
Louerd shild us fram elche pine of helle. Elch pine is fremed   #
on
+tre fold wise. On is +te defles tuihting and mislore, +tat     #
o+der is
mannes licunge. +te +tridde is mannes wille. +tane he wile don.
o+der que+den hwat him +tanne lica+d after defles lore. +te     #
egginge
and +te likinge him bringe+d in to helle pine. +Dre +ting be+d  #
+tat
mankin heuie+d. On is +te selue lust. o+der is iuel lehtres.    #
+de
+tridde flesliche lustes. and +tese two +te ben leihter and     #
lust;
uulste+d +te +tridde +tat is +te flesliche lust. +te mankinne   #
forlere+d.
and al hit is bi +te deuel. +tat men +tus forlerede. Alse
hit bi +te wimman and bi sheawere. hie bihalt hire sheawere.
and cume+d hire shadewe +taronne. +te shadewe hire tache+d. hwu
hie mai hire seluen wenlukest makien. for hie wule liken alle   #
+te
lechures +te on hire loke+d. and swo dragen hem to hire. Al swo
cume+d +te deuel in to +te mannes herte +tan he wile healde     #
sunderrune
wi+d him. and +tus que+d. +Du ert wel don man. and +tarto
wur+dlich. Gef +tu takest to huse +tu best men +te unwur+dure
ac gef +tu werest elche dai faire clo+des. and best rum-handed
to glewmen and to hores. +tu shalt ben lef and wur+d. and
liken alle men. To +te man +tat is ni+dful. he speke+d on his
herte and +tus que+d. Ful mai +te +tinke +tat forcu+der haue+d  #
faire
weden. and +tu unwreste. and he wereldes richeise and +tu ware
betre wur+de. Wi+d +te hatiende man he spec+d on his herte. Nu
shalt [{+tu hatien{] +to +te iuel hauen don. and biremen him    #
mid euel
wordes. and maken him to forlesen his aihte. vnwreste +tu best
gef +tu wreche ne secst. hwanne +tu time siest. gief mihte +te  #
+te
atiere+d. To +te eiht-gradi men he rune+d on his herte and      #
+tus que+d.
Gef +tu best aihteles +tu best unwur+d. and lo+d. ac gef +tu    #
hauest
woreld wele. +tu miht +tarof wur+dliche fare. and swo loken +te
+tat +tu best lef and wur+d. and miht for ure drihtenes luue    #
fele
almes dele. +teih +tu hit mid unrihte bigete. o+der on untime.  #
Gif
+tarof for godes luue. +tanne be+d +te synne forgiuen. gef +ti  #
prest
nis clene man. +te shal +tine to+dinge understonden. del hit    #
men +te
muge bidde for +de. To +te narewe herted man on his +tonke he
sei+d. witte wel hwat +tu hauest. walte hwat +te tide. and cune
sume me+de +tenne +tu almesse makest. +Du hauest e+deliche bi
aihte to helpen +tine kenne. wel wur+d wunne be of wur+dshipe   #
swo 
<P 31>
hit be. On +te drunken men he rune+d mid his herte and sei+d.
Esteliche eten. and drinken make+d +te man fair. and wurliche.
and on manie mihte +tat +tu etest and drinkest and werest. +tat
+tu hauest. and gef +tu ani +ting spelest and leuest. +tat +tu  #
fo[{r{]lest.
On +te gole men he gel+d wi+d his herte. and +tus que+d. Gef    #
+te
is lef +tin hele. heald +tin cunde. and +tine licames lust kel  #
ilome.
and naht on feawe ac on fele wise. +te wile falle wel to echen  #
+tis
woreld. Gef +tu strene wult haue; ne haue +tu naht +tin ogen
wif. ac o+der mannes imene. +teih lerdemen segen +tat hit be    #
muchel
sunne +tat man his licames lust drige. ofte +teih hie bispused  #
ben.
and don hit for strene. here liflode ligne+d hem seluen. for ne
do+d hit none swo ofte se +te hodede. +te naue+d him selue      #
naht on
ac fele imene. and gef he +tat hielde synne. he wolde +te dede  #
wi+dtien.
+Dus deuel egge+d +alch man on his herte. and maca+d +tat
he wule do +tat he him to teihte. (\Set libera nos a malo.\)    #
Ac les
us louerd of his egginge. and of alle iuele. amen. swo hit      #
wur+de. 

<Q MX/1 IR HOM TRIN12>
<N TRIN HOM 12>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 67>
[} [\XII.\] }]

[} (\ [{DOMINICA I{] IN XLA.\) }]

   (\Preocupemus faciem domini. et in psalmis iubilemus ei.\)   #
+te
holie prophete dauid minege+d us on +te sealmboc to beregen
us +te wile +te we mugen. wi+d +te eiseliche shame. and mid te
bitere grame +tat alle synfulle men shule +tolen on domes dai.
+tat ne haue noht here sinnes forleten. and bet; er +tan al
mankin. +te was. and wurh. and nu is; cumen to one mote. and
ure louerd ihesu crist cume+d of heuene to hem. and shode+d +te
gode fro +te iuele. (\Et statuet oues a dextris; hedos autem a 
sinistris.\) and shode+d +te rihtwise an his rihthalue and      #
wur+de+d
hem. and here+d. for hie hauen him er wel quemed. and giue+d
hem to medes eche lif. and blisse. and heuene mid him seluen;
and sei+d. (\Uenite benedicti patris et cetera.\) cume+d ge     #
blescede.
and underfo+d +tat riche +tat giu is igarked fro +te            #
biginnigge of +te
worlde. Si+den he sette+d +te synfulle on his lifthalf. and     #
wite+d
<P 69>
hem +tat hie bi here lif dages ne wolden him quemen. and here
agene synnes. on dede. and on speche. unhile+d hem seluen. and
shameliche hem bigrede+d. and fule shende+d. biforen al         #
heueneware.
and eor+deware. and helle ware. and +tenne sende+d ure
louerd ihesu crist hem mid saule. and mid lichame into helle.   #
to
wuniende on eche wowe. +de +de+den for+d shal wexen alse he     #
seide.
(\Ite maledicti. et cetera.\) wite+d ge aweregede gostes in     #
+tat eche
fur +tat is garked to deuules and here fereden to wuniende      #
eure.
and o abuten ende. +tus here agene sinnes hem shende+d. and
hie ben of-gramede wi+d hem selfen. for +tat hie nedden here
synnes er bet. and wi+d +tis michele shame boregen +te wile     #
here
bot dai laste. Ure bot dai is nu. and laste+d +te wile +te god
wile. bete we gerne. and ben afterward +te edinesse +te +te
salm boc of spec+d +tus que+dende. (\Beati quorum remisse. et
cetera.\) Edie ben alle +to; +te here giltes ben atleten. and
helid here sinnes. +tat ben +to +te hem rihtleche+d. alse +te   #
prophete
dauid hem lerde. (\Preocupemus f. d. in. con.\) +tenche we ure
giltes er +te dom cume. and forleten ure synnes. and bimurnen
hem sore. and shewen hem at shrifte. and beten hem swo +te
prest us wisse+d. and beten swo mid bote al +tat we er breken.
+tat god ne finde +tanne on us no gilt unpined. +tanne ne       #
+tarf us
no+der gramien. ne shamien. To forleten ure sinne us minege+d
+te holie prophete ieremie. +dus que+dinde. (\Derelinquat       #
impius
uiam suam et cetera.\) Forlete +te iuele man his wei. and +te   #
unrihtwise
his fele unnette speche. and turne to gode. Iuel is +tat
ne wile his agene saule helpen. and we ben mest alle. and ure
wei +te we shule leten. is ure liflode +te we shule rihtleche.
Unrihtwise we ben +tanne we ne don ure helendes wille. +te      #
lesde
us of dea+de. and gif+d us al +tat we bi ben. and eche lif      #
bihote+d.
and wile lesten alle +to +te him heren. and gif we don ure      #
wille
+te us teo+d eure to herme. and here iuel don and werse         #
+tenchen
to don; +tat is unriht. +te holie man iob +te non ne was his
efning on eor+de. he us giue+d fair forbisne to bireusen ure    #
saule
sor. +tat is ure sinnes. +ter he sei+d. (\Dimitte me domine u.  #
p. p.
d. m. a.\) +tole me louerd alitelwan +tat ich bimurne mi sor;   #
er
ich wite to +te +testere wunienge. and +te holie boc sei+d on   #
o+der
<P 71>
stede. (\Qvacunque hora homo ingemiscit peccata sua             #
remittuntur 
ei.\) alse wat swo +te man his sinne sore bimurne+d ure drihten
le+de+d +te sinne bendes. and blisse+d swo +te soule alse +te   #
boc sei+d.
(\Secundum multitudinem dolorum m. in. c. m. et cetera.\) alse  #
fele
sorinesses swo ich haue on min herte; for mine sinnes; mid
alse fele frefringe +tu hauest blissed min soule. and +tanne we
hauen ure sinnes forleten. and +tus bimurnen us bihoue+d +tat   #
we
don; alse +te holie prophete us minege+d +tus que+tinde.        #
(\Confitemini
domino quoniam bonus\) ; kneowe+d ure louerd for +tat he is wel
god. and swo mild heorted. and sein iacob sei+d on his pistle.
(\Confitemini alterutrum peccata uestra et cetera.\) shewe+d    #
giwer
sinnes on o+der stede. and awich o+der stede age we hem to
shewen. vre drihten us sei+d on +te godspelle. +te sein lucas   #
makede.
+ter +te .x. li+d+droweres clepeden biforen ure drihten. and    #
seiden.
(\Iesu preceptor miserere nostri.\) +tu helend +te mid +tine    #
wordes
helest. alle +to +te wilt. haue milce of us. (\Et dixit eis.    #
Ite et
ostendite uos sacerdotibus\) and he andswerede hem alse he      #
do+d us
nu. go+d and shewe+d giu giuwer prest. prestes we shewed us     #
+tanne
seien hem ure ateliche sinnes +te we hauen don. and que+den.    #
and
+toht mid lestinde fule +tonke and +tanne we bien toward him.   #
gif
we hauen on ure +toht to shewen him ure sinnes. and forleten.   #
and
beten. we ben clensed of ure sinnes. gif we riht lesten +tat    #
we +tere
bihoten +tere we shule tellen. alle ure gultes +tat we ne       #
hauen noht
bet. and noht mid faire worde hihten. +to ateliche sinnes. and  #
no
+ting seien +tere +tat les beo. and no +ting of +te so+de       #
forlete. ac shewen
+tere openliche wich he is. and gif hit was don on untime.      #
o+der on
unluuede stede. o+der mid unluued lete. o+der on unluued wise.
o+der gif it was erfe+d to for+den. and smeihliche bicharede.   #
and
gif we shewe+d +tus ure sinnes. +tenne muge we fulliche ben
shrifene. ac fewe ben +tat +tus shewen heore sinnes. and +tat   #
is
long on felefelde iuele lastes. and iuele +teawes. (\Decem      #
sunt que
impediunt confessionem. scilicet hec. Obliuio. Ignorancia.
Neggligencia. Verecundia. Timor. Diffidencia. Delicacia.        #
Fiducia.
Pertinacia. Desperacio.\) Ten +ting ben +te letten men of here
scrifte. Noht alle on. ac sum on. and sum o+der. +tat ben       #
+tese and
haten +tus. forgetelnesse. nutelnesse. recheles.                #
shamfestnesse. drede.
<P 73>
Ortrowe. Trew+teleas. [{Softgerne{] Trust. wilfulnesse.         #
Misleue. +te
man +te naue+t. luue ne eie to gode. he +tenche+d selde o+der   #
naure
of heuene wele; +te forgult mid his sunnes. and helle wowe. +te
he erne+d mid his sunnes. and for +tat gult he solde his        #
sunnes at
srifte sheawen. and for +ti cume+d uppen him +tat unlimp +te    #
+te
prophete wisste on se salmboke +tus que+dende. (\Adhereat       #
lingua
mea faucibus meis. et cetera.\) Cleued be mi tunge to mine
cheken gif ich forgete +te ierusalem. +tanne man forgiet +tat   #
he
seien sholde. +tanne be+d his tunge alse hit cl[{e{]ued were.   #
[{Nutelnesse{]
lete+d +te mannes shrifte +te ne wot neure hwanne he sinege+d.
and swiche ben alle +to +te ne wilen listen lorspel. and        #
+teron lernen
wiche ben sinnen. and beregen hem. and +tat bilimpe+d to        #
godcunnesse.
and folegen +tat. and +teroffe sei+d +te boc. (\Nvllus uitare
laborat quod ignorat.\) no man ne fle+d +ting bute he wite.     #
o+der
wene +tat it him deren wille. Recheleste lette+d +te mannes     #
shrifte.
+te +turh his misleue herberge+d +te fule gost on his heorte.   #
+te him
teche+d to folgen his fule lustes. and no wuerse of scrifte.    #
and
of hem +te holie boc spec+d and sei+d. (\Peccator cum uenerit   #
in
profundum contempnit.\) +tanne +te sinfulle man beo+d bifallen  #
on
depe sinne. ne reche+d no +ting of scrifte. Shamfestnesse       #
lette+d
+te mannes shrifte. +te ne wile his sinne seien +te preste.     #
+te he ofte
sinege+d. for him sholde shamen of him. and ne understant noht
+tat +te shame +te +te man haue+d of his sinne. +tanne he hem   #
prest
shewe+d; hit is +te biginnigge of fremfulle sinbote. and +tat   #
wiste
wel +te prophete +te +tus que+d. (\Tota die uerecundia mea      #
contra 
me est; et cetera\) min shamfestnesse is to-genes me. and       #
ouerhele+d
min bend ofte. Drede lette+d +te mannes shrifte. +te ne dar
his sinnes seien +te prest. leste hit uttere cume +tat hie      #
tweien
witen. and swiche men blame+d +te prophete on +te sealm boc     #
+ter
he sei+d. (\ [{I{]llic trepidauerunt timore u. n. e. t.\) +ter  #
hem stod
eie; +ter hem ne sholde. +tat is of idele +ting. and +ter non;  #
+ter
hem sholde michel eie stonde. +tat is of gode. Ortrowe of agene
mihte lette+d +te mannes shrifte. +te +tinche+d +tat he ne      #
mihte his
sinne forlete. +teh he hem seide at shrifte. and forhete hem.   #
(\Sed
hii sunt filii diffidencie de quibus dicit scriptura. Venit     #
ira dei
in filios diffidencie.\) and swiche ben +te deules bernes +te   #
aren
<P 75>
cleped ortrowe for +tat hie sinege swo michel. +tat hie wenden  #
to
hauen forloren milce. and godes wra+d+de cume+d ofte uppe +to;  #
+te
+tat wenen. softgerne and ednesse lette+d +te mannes shrifte.   #
+te +tinche+d
+tat he ne mai +tolen hunger. ne +tirst ne o+ter pine to        #
betende
his sinnes. (\vnde scriptura dicit. Delicati se nutriunt ad     #
incendia
gehenne.\) +te softgerne fede+d hem seluen helle fur to honde.  #
and
to fote. Trist to longe lif. lette+d +te mannes shrifte. +te    #
sei+d to
him seluen on his heorte. Ich nam noht giet sad of mine sinnes.
and for+ti; ne mai ich hie noht forlete. ac o+der ich mai ben   #
sed
+teroff and +tanne ich wille hem forleten. and nime shrift. and
beten hem. ac +te holie boc blame+d +tese men +tus que+dende.
(\ [{D{]eus promittit ueniam penitenti sed non crastinum diem   #
penitencie
differenti.\) god bihet milce +to +te here sinnes forleten and
beten. ac he ne bihet noht +te lif til amoregen; +to +te li+d   #
on sinne
ac sei+d. (\Qva hora non putatis mors ueniet\) ; +Tanne +tu     #
lest
wenst dea+d cume+d to fecchende +te. Willfulnesse lette+d +te
mannes shrift. +tat +tinche+d uuel +tat man him wile neden his
sinnes to forleten. and fro +te deuel to gode turnen. and of    #
hem
sei+d +te holie boc. (\Pertinaces in malo eliminat ecclesia.\)  #
holie
chirche dele+d fro cristendom. +to +te wilfulle ben here        #
sinnes to
luuen. and lo+de to forleten. Ortrowe of godes milce. lette+d   #
+te
mannes shrift. +te haue+d michel sineged. and nele lete. ne     #
bete.
ne milce bidde. for +tat he wene+d +tat god ne wile swo michel
sinne forgiue; for none bote +tat he for+de muge. and of +tis   #
sei+d
+te holie boc. (\Qvi desperat iam iudicatus est.\) +te man +te  #
ortrowe+d
godes mildhertnesse. he is idemd to eche wowe on helle.         #
+terwi+d
us wite ure louerd ihesu crist gif his wille beo. and berege    #
us wi+d
alle iuele customes. and giue us mihte ure sinnes to forleten.  #
and
prest shewen. and wise us. and filste hem to beten. swo +tat us
beo biheue; and him to queme. (\Qui viuit et Regnat deus per
omnia.\) ... 

<Q MX/1 IR HOM TRIN20>
<N TRIN HOM 20>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 117>
[} [\XX.\] }]

[} (\IN DIE PENTECOSTE.\) }]

   (\Apparuerunt apostolis dispertite lingue tamquam ignis      #
seditque
supra singulos eorum spirituc sanctus.\) +Do +te ure louerd
ihesu crist fundede lichamliche fro eor+de to heuene. he        #
forbed his
apostles. and here holi ferreden +tat hie neren noht sorie.     #
+teh he
hem forle[{te{] lichamliche and seide (\Non turbetur cor        #
uestrum 
neque formidet. Rogabo patrem et alium paracletum dabit
vobis. et cum uenerit ille; docebit uobis omnem ueritatem.\) Ne
beo giuer heorte noht i+dreued ne ofdred. ich wile giu senden   #
+te
heuenliche frefringe wi+d-innen a lit dages. +te giu shal       #
frefrin
and techen alle so+dfastnesse and bringen ti+dinge of +ting     #
+te beon
to cumende. and +te faire bihese leste he +tis dai. for +tis    #
dai is +te
fiftuge+de dai. after estrene dai. alse +te louerd seint        #
lucas. seide on
+te holie pistle. +te me ret to dai and ech holie chirche. and  #
+tus
que+d. (\Dum complerentur dies pe[{n{]tecoste erant omnes       #
pariter
discipuli in eodem loco et cetera.\) On +te fiftu+de dai.       #
after estrene
dai weren alle +te apostles. and here fereden gadered on one    #
stede.
sittinde and salmes singende. and god heriende. in +te temple   #
of
ierusalem. (\Et factus est repente sonus tanquam aduenientis
spiritus vehementis et repleuit totam donum ubi erant apostoli
sedentes.\) riht to-genes +te undrene alse +te holi songere     #
sei+d on
his loft songe. +tus que+dinde. (\Dum hora cuntis tercia; r.    #
m. i.
o. a. d. u. n.\) +To com a dine of heuene. ase +teh it were to  #
kidende
+tat +te holi gost com uppen +te apostles and filde ful +tat    #
hus +tere
hie inne seten. (\Et apparuerit illis dispertite lingue tanquam
ignis seditque supra singulos eorum spiritus sanctus.\) +Do     #
openede
+te holi gost him seluen to isende bi +tan +te hem +tuhte       #
shapen alse
tunge fele twiselende. and on fires hewe and for +tat hie him
swich segen seint ambrosius shewed +tus; and sei+d. (\Uerbis ut
essent pro. et c. f.\) +tat is on englis he hem makede fundie   #
on worde.
For +teh it were ones londes speche on +te apostles mu+des +te  #
+tere
speken; ech man +te hem herden were of wiche londe swo he
were. for +tere weren men of eche londe +tat is under heuene    #
li+de.
<P 119>
hit +tuhte here ech sunderlepes +tat it was his londes speche.
Swo +te holie gost hem fulde of him seluen and sette +te word   #
on
hem +te +tere speken. and skilede on hem +tat hie herden. alse
seint lucas sei+d. (\Repleti sunt omnes spiritu sancto et       #
ceperunt
loqui prout spiritus sanctus dabat eloqui illis.\) +Tus hie     #
segen +te
holi gost on tungene euene. and +terefore weren fundie on       #
speche.
alse ich nu seide. ec hie him segen on fures hewe al ich er     #
seide.
and weren +terof wallinde on so+dere luue godes and mannen. swo
+tat hie luueden gode more +tene hem seluen. and ech cristene
man alse hem seluen. (\Ignis enim ut ait scriptura triplicem
uim habet scilicet illuminandi. calefaciendi. consumendi. quam
spiritus sanctus effecit in apostolis augendo fidei feruorem.   #
caritati
splendorem. et consumendo. irremittendo. siqua fuit in eis
peccati macula.\) Fir haue+d on him +tre mihtes on to giuende
hete. o+der to giuende liht. +tridde to weldende elet to none   #
+tinge.
+tese +tre mihte notede +te holi gost on +te apostles. and      #
+terefor
com uppen hem on fires hewe alse ich er seide. and alihte hem
of brihtere and of festere bileue +te hie hedden er. and maked
hem hattere on so+de luue to gode and mannen, and welde here
sinnes to none +tinge, for gif anie hadden don he hem mid alle
forgaf. +Dus +te holie apostles were gadered on ane stede. and
+tus +te holi gost com uppen hem and fulde hem of him seluen.
and freurede hem of sorege. and tehte hem speken eches londes
speche. and lihte hem of rihte bileue and makede hem hattere
on so+de [{luue{] to gode and to men. and clensede hem alle of  #
+te
hore of alle sinnes. Bidde we nu +te holigost +tat he haue      #
milce
of us and gife us hige. and mihte. to forleten and bireusen and
beten ure sinnes. and gedere ure alre herte to clene +tonke     #
alse
he gaderede +te holie apostles. in +te temple. and hure         #
lichames in
+tis holie minstre. +tat he cume uppen us and wune in us. and
freure us of alle sorege alse he hem dide. and lihte on us      #
rihte
bileue. and make us wallende of so+de luue and clene of alle
sinnes. and giue us swo findige speche. +tat +te fewe word +te  #
we
on ure bede seien be cu+de alle halegen; +te wunie+d on heuene
<P 121>
+tat hie +tingen us to +te +tremnesse. fader. and sune. and     #
holi
gost. +tat he wisse and fulste fulien +ter apostlene lore. and  #
on
here ferreden hauen eche lif and blisse mid him. (\Qv[{i{]      #
viuit
et regnat in vniuersa secula seculorum deus.\) 

<Q MX/1 IR HOM TRIN23>
<N TRIN HOM 23>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 131>
[} [\XXIII.\] }]

[} (\DE SANCTO IOHANNE BABTISTA.\) }]

   (\Inter natos mulierum non surrexit maior iohanne            #
baptista.\)
Un-ligel man selde lige+d. and so+d-sagel man sei+d ofte so+d.
and he +te neure ne lihgh ne lige ne wile. ne ne mai. +tat is   #
ure
helende. he sei+d eure so+d and +terefore is so+d +tat he       #
seide bi +te
louerd Seint iohan baptiste +tus que+dinde. (\Inter natos       #
Mulierum 
et cetera\) of alle +te bernes. +te ben boren of wifes bosem.   #
nis
non more +tenne iohan +te fulcnere. +De forme man +te com in    #
+tis
<P 133>
midden-erd +tat was adam. ure alre fader he was more. (\Quia
inmortalis fuit. donec peccauit\) for +tat he was undea+dlich   #
forte
he sinede. and eure beo mihte gif he him wite wolde. ac he ne
was boren of wifes bosme. ne ne hadde fader ne moder. (\Set
dominus fecit eum de uirgine terra.\) ac ure drihten him shop   #
of
eor+de +tat was unfiled. Eftsone ure helend +tat is sheppende   #
and
wealdende of alle shafte is more +tene Seint iohan baptiste ac  #
he
was strened of +te heuenliche fader. er +tanne +te heuene       #
o+der eor+de
shapen were. and ne was of wifes bosme boren. and was of +te
holi meydenes ure lefdi Seinte Marie. Ysaac. +tat +te lif holi
wimman sarra on hire elde kennede. and te lif holi man
abraham. on his elde strende. alse ure drihten hadde er +tan
+tan iseid. +tat he sholde he ne was noht more ne for+de swo
michel a sume wise swo seint iohan baptiste Ne non o+der of     #
wifes
bosme boren. and +tat is sene on +tre +ti[{n{]g of him. on his  #
hidercume.
o+der [{his{] he[{r{] biwist. +te +tridde his he+densi+d.       #
(\ [{A{]duentus
eius in mundum fuit mirabilis. Status eius in mundo difficilis
multimoda afflictione carnis. Exitus eius de mundo triumphalis
quia dum facinora uiriliter obstitit. et hostem uicit. et       #
mortem
perdidit et uitam inuenit.\) his hidercume was ful of wundren.  #
+te
ure drihten wrohten; to wur+dende mid sein[{t{] iohan baptiste  #
+te
forme wunder was; +tat +to +te god fundede of heuene to eor+de
to fonden mennisshe. of +te holie meidenes inne+de ure lafdi
Seinte Marie. +Do spec +te heuenliche fader to +te sune         #
heuenliche
of seint iohan and efnede him to engel +tus que+dinde. (\Ecce
mitto angelum meum qui preparabit uiam tuam ante faciem
tuam.\) here ich sende min engel biforen +tine nebbe +te shal
ruden +tine weie to-fore +te. (\Et reuera fuit angelus non
naturaliter sed officialiter.\) and he was iwis godes engel     #
noht of
kinde for +tat he ne was noht gost; ac on wike. +tat o+der      #
wunder
was; +tat he ches two lif holi men him to fader. and to moder
+te weren bo+de teames ateald. and heo +te wimman was barrage
swo +tat heo ne mihte for unkinde hauen no child. +Tat +tridde
wunder was. +tat god sende +te holi engel gabriel to +te lif    #
holie
prest zacharie. +to +te he gede in +te temple mid his rechel    #
fat. to
rechelende +te alter. and sende him seggen +tat he sholde +tis  #
holi
<P 135>
child strene. +De holi man sah +te heg engel atte alteres ende.
and war+d of-grisen, and ofdred. and te engel qua+d to him;
and sede (\Ne timeas zacharia. quoniam exaudita est oratio tua
et elizabet uxor tua pariet tibi filium et vocabis nomen eius
Iohannem ... et in nativitate eius multi gaudebunt.\) Ne beo
+tu zacharie noh[{t{] of-grisen. +tu hauest longe iwist after
strene and god haue+d herd +tine bede; and ti+ded te bene.
and elizabet +ti spuse shal hauen a cnauechild. and him shal
to name iohan. and hit shal beo +te to michel blisse. and
fele shule fagenien on his burde. (\Erit enim magnus coram
domino.\) for he shal ben michel bifore gode. (\Et adiecit
angelus explicare seriem magnitudinis iohannis contentam
in quatuor. scilicet. Virtute abstinencie. Donis gracie.
Officii dignitate. Et palma uictorie.\) +Te childes michelnesse
sheude +te engel on fuwer +tingen. On is wi+d-teinge of alle
lichames lustes. and iuele lastes. (\Et uinum et siceram non
bibit et cetera.\) +Tat o+der is un-erned giue. +tat +tridde    #
is heh
wike. +tat feor+de is wlites ending his michelnesse was unhiled
on ten fold wise and mo. an is +tat +te heuenliche fader        #
heuenede
him to engel. (\Vt ecce mitto angelum meum et cetera.\) O+der   #
is
+tat he sende +te heh engel to +te holi man +te him strene      #
sholde.
(\Et uox tua pariet tibi filium.\) +Tat +tridde is +tat +te     #
fader bicom
dumb. for he ne lefde hit noht +tat +te engel him sede. (\Et    #
eris
tacens usque ad natiuitatem eius.\) +te feor+de is. +tat his    #
moder
him bar si+den heo was teames atold. and neure er ne was mid
childe; for kinde hit hire werende. (\Et processit in diebus    #
suis
sterilis.\) +te fifte is. +tat +to +te he was on his moder      #
wombe get unboren
he witegede of ure helendes to cume. and of +te maidenes
+te him bar get on hire swete wombe. +tat is ure lafdi seinte
marie. (\Et exultauit infans in utero meo.\) +te sixte is +tat
elizabet was liht of +te holie gost +te was on +te child +te    #
hie
mide hiede. swo +tat hie ec witegede of ure helendes to cume.
(\Et unde hoc michi ut ueniat mater domini mei ad me?\) +te
seue+de is +tat he giaf his fader mihte to speken +te hadde     #
dumb
<P 137>
ben; si+de he +te engel mislefde. (\Et apertum est os zacharie  #
et
prophetauit.\) +Te egte+de is +tat ure drihten him ben fulcnen  #
on
watere to synbote. and fulcning beden and ec seggen (\Super
quem uideris spiritum descendentem. et cetera. Hic est qui
baptizat in spiritu sancto.\) wanne +tu sest gost cumen and     #
wunien
uppe mannen he shal fulcnen on +te holie gost to sinnes         #
forgiuenesse.
+te nige+de is +tat +te heuenliche +tremnesse was mid
him +to he fulcnede ure helende. (\Pater in uoce. Filius in
homine. Spiritus sanctus in specie columbe.\) +Te fader on
stefne. +te sune on mannes efene. +te holi gost on culures      #
hewe.
+te tie+de is. +tat michele hereword +tat ure helend him gaf    #
+tus
que+dinde. (\Inter natos mulierum.\) Of alle wifes children nis
non more +tanne Seint iohan babtiste. +Tis child him self on    #
his
liflode hadde his agen michelnesse on +tre wise. (\scilicet.    #
Abstinencia
humilitate. Paciencia.\) On is wi+dteung. o+der is admodnesse.
+te +tridde +toleburdnesse. he hadde mihte te witen him of
alle flesliche lustes. alse +te apostel bit. (\Abstinete uos a  #
carnalibus
desideriis que militant aduersus animam.\) Wi+d-teod giu
of +te flesliche lustes. +te fihte+d togenes +te soule.         #
Wi+dteo +tine
egen +tat hie ne biholden non iuel ne non un-nut ne for+den     #
idel.
Wi+dteo +ti lichame fro orguil. and idel. and ouer mete wede.
Wi+dteo ec +tine golliche deden mid alle; gif +tu spuse ne      #
hauest.
and gif +tu spuse hauest; wi+dteo te on unluuede stede. and on
[{un{]luued time. +tat is +tanne +tu fasten shalt. o+der        #
halgen. Ne beo
+tu noht wuned to don hit on unluued wise ne wilful to wecchen
lust +tat to. (\Quoniam qui sic agit uehemens amator est et
proprie uxoris adulter.\) For alle +to +te swo don; don         #
ewuebruche
on here agene spuse. he hadde ec admodnesse +to al folc herde.
hwu heh. and hwu holie he was. and hwu holi lif he ladde and
wenden +tat hit were self crist and seden hit. and he           #
wi+d-qua+d
and sede. (\Non sum ego christus. nec etiam dignus ut soluam
corrigiam calciamentj eius.\) ge wenen +tat ich beo crist. ac   #
ich
nam noht ne for+den wur+de +tat ich un-cnutte his sho +tuong.   #
Ne
mihte he mid none worden ki+den betere; +tat he admod was
and him seluen mece. (\Qvia in spiritu lenitatis peccatores
corripuit. et ad penitenciam uocauit.\) Mid softnesse he        #
castede
<P 139>
+te sinfulle and minegede hem to sinbote. and to clene liflode.
(\Et semet ipsum prebuit exemplum.\) and giaf hem faire         #
forbisne of
him selfen +teh he sinful ne were alse seint ambrosii sei+d
(\ [{A{]ntra deserti. t. s. a. c. turmas.\) On his guwe+de he   #
understod
+tat he was send into +tis midden erd. to donde +trefolde wike.
(\scilicet aduentum christi prenunciare. baptismum predicare.
baptizare.\) an is to ki+den cristes to cume. o+der is bodien
fulcninge +tat +tridde is fulcnen. and me+dede +to his liflode  #
swo
+tat he was bicumelich to swiche wike. (\Ne forte cum aliis 
predicaret reprobus ipse fieret.\) For +tat he ne wolde noht    #
mis
leued +tenne he men lerde. (\Nam cuius uita despicitur restat   #
ut
eius predicacio contempnatur\) ; for nis +te lor+teau noht to   #
luuene;
gif his liflode is iuel. and ful. and for +ti he turnde ut of   #
+te burh
into wilderne. and fro mennes wunienge to wilde deores. and
ches +tere crundel to halle. and eor+dhole to bure bare eor+de  #
to
bedde. and hard ston to bolstre. Stiue here to shurte and gret
sac to curtle. Moren and wilde uni was his mete. and noht
bute water his drinke. On wecche. and on swinche. and on alle 
wise he wan wi+d his hagene lichame. and +turh swiche liflode
+tuhte swete his lore alle +to +te hit herden. +Do ne mihte his
holinesse ben no lengere for-hole. ac sprong his word wide into
al +te worelde and teh folc to him to heren his wise word. and
to sende his wunderliche liflode. and he minede alle men to     #
forleten
here sinnes and beten. and on sinbote understonden
fulcnenge. and fele +ter of him seluen fulcnede. and bi +to     #
dages
luuede herodes +te king his bro+der wif; and bi-nam hire him.
and Seint Iohan hit wi+d seide. and lettede hit bi his mihte.   #
and
te king stod eie of him. for his holinesse. and bad him swike.
and he ne dorste for godes eie forleten; +tat he +te king +tat  #
+teau
ne binome. +Do was +te king wro+d; and bad binden him and
don him in to prisune bute he wolde his word wi+dteon. +to cneu
seint iohan. +tat gif he wolde +tolen +tat te king drige his    #
unriht
he mihte liuen and ben him lief and wur+d. ac gif he wolde
folgen ri[{h{]twisnesse he sholde +terfore his lif forleten     #
and swo
dide atten ende. for +tat a maiden bed te kinge his heued. and  #
he
hit bad of acken. and hire bitechen. and he +tat e+deliche      #
dea+d
<P 141>
admodliche +tolede. and +ter mid bigat eche lif on blisse. Nu   #
we
hauen seid +treo +ting +te we giu biheten. hwu wunderlich was   #
his
hider-cume. and hwu wrecchede his her-biwist. and hwu siker
his he+densi+d. and wiche wise he was more +tenne ani o+der man
of wifes bosme boren. and a wiche wise he of +tis woreldes wowe
wot; in to eche wele. swo mote we alle. and +tere wunen mid
him abuten ende. (\Eo prestante quem ore predicauit. et digito
monstrauit. Qui. vivit et Regnat per omnia secula seculorum.\) 



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[^TEXT:  VESPASIAN HOMILIES.
EARLY ENGLISH HOMILIES FROM
THE TWELFTH CENTURY MS. VESP. D. XIV.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 152.
ED. R. D.-N. WARNER.
NEW YORK, 1971 (1917).
PP. 88.15  - 89.31 (XXXII)    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 89.33  - 91.7  (XXXIII) 
PP. 129.4  - 134.4 (XLII) 
PP. 146.16 - 148.9 (XLVIII)
PP. 3.13   - 7.33  (III)      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 88>
[} [\XXXII\] }]
[} [\ (\NATHANIS JUDAEI LEGATIO.\) \] }]

   On Tiberies dagen +t+as mycele caseres, hit gelamp binnen    #
lyttle
f+ace +after +tan +te Crist ahangen w+as, +tt sum +a+dele mann  #
w+as,
+t+as name w+as Tirus. & he w+as on Equitania rice king under
Tiberie +tan casere, & he w+as gelomest wunigende on +t+are     #
ceastre
Libie. & he w+as se ilca Tirus swa unhal on his andwliten, +tt  #
+tt
adle, +te cancre hatte, him w+as on +tan nebbe fram +tan        #
swy+dre
nos+tyrlle, o+d+det hit com to +tan ege. & w+as, +tt sum man    #
w+as
farende of Judea lande, +t+as name w+as Natan. He w+as anes
burhmannes sune on Israele lande, +t+as name w+as Nau; & se     #
ilce
Nathan w+as forli+den, +tt he w+as gefaren fram +alcen lande    #
to o+dren,
& fram s+a to s+a, swa +tt he h+afde ealle eor+de gem+aren      #
+turhfaren.
& se ilca Nathan w+as ges+and fram Tiberie +tan casere to       #
Romesbyrig,
to +tan +tt he scolde his +arende l+aden Claudium, & he ferde
for+d on +t+are s+a, & se su+derne wind hine bedraf to +t+are   #
burh
Libia. & Tirus +t+ar burge hlaford +tt gefran & gecneow beo     #
heora
f+arelde, +tt heo of Judea lande w+aron, & cw+a+d, 'N+afre
ic +ar swylcne wunder ne geseh, +tt of Judea lande scipen       #
scolden
hider cumen.' & Tirus +tider s+ande & het +tt +tider scolde to  #
him
cumen, se +te eldest w+are on +tan scipe. Nathan him sone com   #
to,
& Tirus him sone axede, 'Hw+at eart +tu, & hwanen come +tu      #
hider?'
He him andswerede, 'Ic eam Nathan, Naos sune, & ic eam of
Grecane rice, & ic of Judean w+as +tan Pontisscen Pilate        #
under+deodd,
<P 89>
& ic eam ges+and fram +tan casere Tiberie to Claud[{e{] & me    #
w+as
se su+derne wind be+aften, & hider adraf & awr+ac, +tt ic nat,  #
hwar ic
eam.' Tirus +ta cw+a+d, 'La, gyf +tu mihtest +anige bote me     #
finden of
minen yfele, ic +te wolde gyfen gold & seolfer swa mycel swa    #
+tin
scip heonne ferigen wolde.' & he him his yfel +ateowde. +Ta     #
cw+a+d
Nathan, 'L+at +te fulhtigen on name +t+as F+ader & +t+as Sunen  #
& +t+as
Halgen Gastes, +tonne byst +tu sone hal.' Tirus his worden      #
gelefde,
& fulht underfeng, & he w+as sone hal +turh rihten geleafe, &   #
swa
f+ager & swa strang, swa he w+as +ta +ta he w+as +trittig       #
wintre; &
he +ta ealle his +teode to cristendome aw+ande, & his
godes on fyre forb+arnde, & halige mynstres ar+arde, & halige   #
rode
+t+ar inn gesette. & he +ta Nathan & his +arendraca +after his  #
bro+dre
Titus & Vaspasius s+ande, & wi+dinnen feower wucan comen to him
mid mycelen ferde, & heo +ta befrinen +tone casere, hw+at heo
scolden, & he heom atealde of +tan Nazarenisscen kinge, hwu he
gepined w+as, & ealle +ta wundra, +te he on Jerusalemes lande
worhte, & he +ateowde his unh+ale, & hwu he fulluht underfeng &
ciricen hr+arde, & +t+aron belefde, & begen his bro+dren +ta    #
to cristendome
aw+ande, & heo to Jerusalem as+ande, & mid mycele ferde +ta
burhware uten belagen. Titus & Vaspasius & Tirus ferden geond
eall +tt land, & ealle +ta Judees ofslogen, +te Criste nolden   #
heren &
fulluht underfon. & heo lagen abuten +ta ceastre, +tt heo       #
n+afden
n+anne bigleofe; & heo inne +t+are ceastre namen to hr+ade,     #
+tt heora
+alc o+derne ofsloh. & heo +ta eall +tt land to cristendome     #
aw+anden.
+Ta com Godes bebod ofer heom, eall swa heo +ar ab+aden, +tt    #
w+as his
wraca, +tt heo sy+d+den +afre unwur+de w+aron on heora
lifdagen, & get synden underlinges, for +tan +te heo heora      #
hlaford
bel+awden; ne wur+d of heom n+afre cyng ne ealdor ofer land ne  #
ofer
burh. +Tiss synd +ta gedone +ting, +te beo uren +Almihtige      #
Hlaford
Godes Sune gedone w+aron, +tan seo lof & wille & wyr+dmynt
F+ader & Sune & +tan Halgen Gaste aa buten +ande. Amen. 

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<P 89>
[} [\XXXIII\] }]
[} [\SIGNS OF THE LAST JUDGEMENT.\] }] 

   On +tan nexten fiftene dagen beforen domesd+age, sculen      #
gewur+den
foretacnen, +te bodie+d & tacnie+t +tone styrnlicne ege, +te    #
God
sceawe+d +tan arleasen, +tone he demen sceal rihtwisen &        #
unrihtwisen.
<P 90>
On +tan formen d+aige, se s+a heo onhef+d ofer ealle dunen
feowertig elnen on hehnysse swa swa weall, & swa hit by+d fram
morgen o+d +afen. On +tan o+dren d+aige, seo s+a besinc+d inn   #
agean
swa deope, +tt unea+de man gesic+d +tt ufemeste, & swa hit      #
by+d eallne
d+aig. On +tan +tridden d+aige, heo gecer+d to hire rihte       #
gecynde
mid eallen hire streamen, +te heo h+afde +at frym+den, +ta +ta  #
God
+arest toscelede w+ater fram lande. On +tan feor+den d+aige,    #
ealle
s+alice deor & fissces heo +ateowigie+d bufe +tan y+den &
bellgige+d swa swa mid m+annisscre reorde, ac +tehhwe+dere ne
understant nan mann heora gereord bute God ane; & +tt by+d to
tacnunge +t+are eorre, +te God cy+d+d +tan synfullen on domes   #
d+aige.
On +tan fiften d+aige, ealle wyrte & ealle treowwes ageafe+d    #
read swat
swa blodes dropen. +T+at do+d +ta wyrten, for +ty +tt +ta       #
synfulle m+an
heo tr+aden, & +ta treowwen, for +tan +te +ta synfulle h+afden  #
freome
of heom & of heora w+astmen. On +tan sixten d+aige sculen slean
tog+adere ealle stanes lytle & mycele, & +alc stan tobrytt on   #
feower
hloten, & +alc +t+are hloten fiht wi+d o+der, o+d+det heo eall  #
to duste
gewur+de+d. +tt heo do+d for+tan, +tt +ta arlease m+ann of      #
heom worhten
steples & castles, +tt heo +t+ar mid sw+ancten geleaffulle      #
m+ann &
Godes +tearefen. On +tan seofe+den d+aige wur+de+d geemnode     #
denen
& dunen, swa +tt eall eor+de by+d sme+de & emne. +tt            #
betacned, +tt God
ne forsih+d +t+as +tearfendan ansene, ne ne wur+de+d +t+as      #
mihtiges
mannes modignysse, ac besic+d to +alces mannes gewyrhten.
On +tan ehte+den d+aige gewur+d+d swylc eor+dstyrung, +tt
eall middeneard beofe+d fram eastd+ale to westd+ale, for +tan   #
+te he
ab+ar +t+ar mannen unrihtwisnysse. On +tan nige+den d+aige      #
tofealle+d
castles, & steples, & hus, & circen, & ealle getimbrunge lytle  #
& mycele,
for +tan +te +ta synfulle h+afden +t+aron heora wununge. On     #
+tan
ten+den d+aige, heo gegaderige+d ealle deaddre manna lymen, swa
+tt gyf an mann w+are dead on middewearden, & his an hand       #
o+d+de
fot w+are on eastd+ale, & his o+der lym on westd+ale,           #
+tehhwe+dere heo
cume+d tog+adere +alc to his lichame, & +alc lichame arist o+d  #
his
byrigeles brerd. On +tan +andeleften d+age eorne+d wilddeor beo
tunen, & felden, & manna wunungen, swa swa heo beon wittlease.
On +tan twelften d+aige eorne+d m+ann geond eall middeneard
byfigende & dr+adende Cristes tocyme to demene cwican & deaden,
swa +tt se were ne gret his wif, ne +tt wif hire were, +teh     #
heo heom
gemeten, ac by+d swa swa wittlease & unspecende. Ne heo ne      #
ete+d,
ne heo ne drinca+d. On +tan +treottende d+aige fealle+d sunne   #
& mone,
<P 91>
& ealle steorren, for +tan +te heo geafen leome +tan
yfelen mannen. On +tan feowerten+den d+aige, ealle libbende     #
m+ann
gewur+de+d deade, swa +tt heora nan ne by+d gebyrod, ac fyr     #
cum+d
& forb+arn+d +ta eor+de, for +tan +te heo fostrede +ta          #
synfulle & +ta
arlease. On +tan fiften+de d+aige cum+d flod & geswyle+d +ta    #
+asscen,
& bes+anc+d ealle +ta uncl+annyssen into +t+are eor+de          #
deopnysse, swa
+tt on middenearde ne bel+af+d naht uncl+anes gesene. 

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<P 129>
[} [\XLII\] }]
[}OF SEINTE NEOTE.}]

   M+an +ta leofeste, we wylle+d eow cy+den beo sumen d+ale emb
+tyssen halgen, +te we tod+aig wur+dige+d, +tt eower geleafe    #
+te
trumre seo; for +tan mancynn behofe+d godcundre lare, +tt heo
+turh +ta mugen to lifes wege becumen. Hit s+ag+d on +tan
halgen godspelle, +tt +tt liht on Godes gela+dun[{ge{] na       #
behydd beon
ne sceal, ac up asett ofer +tan candelstafe, +tt +ta +te +t+ar  #
in ga+d,
mugen +tone leome geseon & on lihte beon. Swa eac ne mihte
Sanctus Neotus behydd beon ne bedigelod, +ta +ta God hine
geupped habben wolde. He w+as on juge+de, +t+as +te bec         #
secge+d, to
boclicre lare gesett, & to godcunden +teawen becom, & georne    #
smeade
+ta he andgitfull w+as emb +tt ece lif, & hwu he sti+dlucest    #
her on life
for Gode libben mihte; swa hit awriten is, +tt se weig is       #
sticol &
neare, +te to +tan ecen life belimp+d, & nan mann +t+ar to ne   #
becum+d,
bute +turh mycel geswync & forh+afednysse. Swa dyde Sanctus
Neotus, forh+afde hine sylfne fram gelustfullunge +tysses       #
lifes. He
w+as man+dw+are & milde ealle mannen & he d+aighwamlice to his
Drihtene clypode +after Dauides sange +tuss cwe+dende,          #
'Drihten, +tine
weges ic lufige, & +tine +a ic folgigen +t+ance. Do beo me      #
+after
+tinre mildheortnysse & t+ac me +tine rihtwisnysse.' So+dlice   #
+tt ilca
gebed us is alefd, gyf we wylle+d inweardlice to Gode
clypigen & his mildheortnysse biddan. Hit s+aig+d on gewritan,  #
+tt
+tes halge were to Gl+astingebyrig gecerred w+are on            #
Sanctes +Alfeges
dagen +t+as halgen biscopes, & +at him underfeng +tone halge    #
sacerdhad,
& hine wel geheold, & +t+ar under wel ge+deah, & w+as eallen    #
mannen
eadmod & lufigendlic, & his salmes & o+dre gebedan he geornlice
beeode d+aiges & nihtes; & his gewune w+as, +tt he wolde on     #
d+aig
gelomen his cneowe gebegen, & eac swylce on niht to +tan
+Almihtigen Gode, swa se halge apostel Sanctus Bartholomeus
dyde, hund si+den on niht & eall swa oft on d+ag. He gemunde
<P 130>
symle his synnen, +te he on his iuge+de gefremede, & +ta        #
geornlice
beweop & bereowsede, & o+dre gode forbisnen +ateowde. He        #
geneosode
Romeburh seofe si+den Criste to lofe & Seinte Petre, & +t+are
his synnen forgyfenysse underfeng. He w+as on eallen Godes
beboden swy+de fullfremed. Sohte +ta weste stowe geond eall     #
+tiss
land on to wunigene, & +ta gemette he +turh Godes               #
foresceawunge;
seo is w+astd+ales +tysses landes, ten milen fram Petrocesstowe
+ta me hatt 'Neotes stoca'; & he him +t+ar wununge
getimbrode on swy+de f+ageren stowe, & myrige w+atersea+des     #
+t+ar
abuten stande+d, & +ta synden swy+de wynsume of to +tycgene.    #
+T+ar
se Godes +teowe Sanctus Neotus his lif adreah on mycelre        #
forh+afednysse,
ofer m+an o+dre modes & m+aignes +teowwigende +tan, +te hine to
+teowe geceas, +tt w+as Gode sylfen. Ne m+aig nan mann fullice
gecy+den, hwu sti+dlice he his lif adreah +ar his               #
m+assepreosthade ne
+after. Ne gl+aingde he his lichame mid deorewur+den scrude, ne
he mid estmeten his inna+d ne gefyllde. Mid +tan +te he +tuss   #
lange
gedrohtned h+afde on +t+are stowe, +te we won +ar fore s+aden,  #
+ta
ongann se ungeseowenlice feond him togeanes andigen, swa him    #
+alc
god of+dinc+d. Ongann +ta s+anden his +attrige w+apnen, +tt     #
synd
costnungen, togeanes +tan halgen were. Ac he +tone feond        #
oferswa+d
mid rihten geleafen +turh Godes gescyldnysse. Him comen gelomen
to halige Godes +angles and hine gefrefreden & wel geherten, &  #
hine
manoden, +tt he ne geswice Godes word to bodigenne
ealle mannen o+d+d his lifes +ande, & beheten him gewiss +tt    #
ece lif, +te
he nu mid myrh+de onwune+d. He dyde swa se +angel bebead.
Bodede ealle mannen rihtne geleafe; +tan synfullen & +tan +te   #
heora
synnen andetten wolden & +afre geswican, he behet Godes         #
godnysse
& his mildheortnysse, & +t+ar toecan +tt ece lif; +ta gode he   #
manode, +tt
heo on heora godnysse +turhwunedan. Hit gelamp sume d+aige,
+tt se halge were on +arnemorgen digellice ferde to his         #
w+atersea+de, &
+t+ar his drohtnunge & his salmsanges on +tan w+atere hnacodan
leomen adreah, swa his gewune w+as. +Ta geherde he f+aringe 
ridenda menige. He +ta hr+adlice mid mycelen ofste fram +t+are
welle onette, nolde +tt his drohtnung +anigen eor+dlice m+an    #
cu+d
wurde on his life bute +tan anen, +te ofer eallen rixe+d.       #
Forleas +ta
<P 131>
on +tan f+arelde his +anne scoh, & o+derne mid him to his       #
gebedhuse
ham gebrohte. Mid +tan +te he his salmes & his gebeden &        #
r+adingan
embhydiglice smeade, +ta becom him to gemynde his
o+der scoh, +tt he hine on +tan f+arelde forleas. Clypode +ta   #
him to
his +teign, & bebead him +tt he him his sco gefeccen scolde.    #
He +ta
w+as his f+ader bebodan gehersum, & hr+adlice ferde to +t+are   #
welle,
& +t+are on +tan wegge wunderlice wise gemette; +tt is +tt an   #
fox, +te
is geapest ealra deora, +t+ar arn geond dunen & denen           #
wunderlice
beseonde mid egen hider & +tider, & f+aringe becom to +t+are    #
stowe,
+t+are se halge were his fet ge+dwoh, & +tone scoh gel+ahte, &  #
+atfaren
+tohte. +Ta beseh +t+ar to se arf+aste Drihten & nolde, +tt     #
his +teowe
on swa medemlice +tingen geunrotsed w+are. Ges+ande +ta sl+ap   #
on
+tone fox, swa +tt he his lif alet, habbende +ta +twanges of    #
+tan sco on
his fracede mu+de. Se +teign +ta +t+ar to geteignde & +tone     #
sco genam
& +tan halge gebrohte, & him cydde eall hw+at +t+ar gelumpen    #
w+as.
He +ta, se halge, +t+as mycele wundrode, & bebead +tan +teigne  #
on +t+as
H+alendes name, +tt he hit nanen ne cydde +ar his lifes +ande.  #
On
+tan time w+as +Alfred king, & to +tan halgen gelomen com emb   #
his
sawle +tearfe. He hine eac +treade manega worden
& him to cw+a+d mid forewitegunge, 'Eala, +tu king, mycel       #
scealt +tu
+toligen on +tyssen life, on +tan towearden time; swa mycele    #
angsumnysse
+tu gebiden scealt, +tt nan m+annisc tunge hit eall asecgen ne
m+aig. Nu, leof bearn, geher me, gyf +tu wylt, & +tine heorte   #
to
mine r+ade gecerre. Gewit eallinge fram +tinre unrihtwisnysse,  #
&
+tine synnen mid +almessen ales, & mid tearen adigole, &        #
gebring
+tine lac to Romeburh, Martinum +tan pape, +te nu wealt         #
Engliscre
scole.' Se king +Alfred dyde +ta swa se halge hine bebead, &    #
his
beboden georne hlyste, & he him feala fores+ade mid             #
forewitegunge,
swa him sy+d+den aneode. Se halge eft cw+a+d o+dre wordan, 'Ic
nylle +te bedigeligen, gode king, +tt me toweard is forneh se   #
d+aig
mines for+dsi+des, +tone ic gernde simble mid ealre heorte. Ac  #
ic
secge get, +tt +after minen for+dsi+de +tu feale +toligen       #
scealt, & fram
Deniscre +teode +tu aflemed byst of +tinen cynerice, & +tine    #
c+ampen &
heretogen +te fram gewite+d & tost+ancte by+d; swa hit on       #
Drihtenes 
+trowunge awriten is +t+at, "+tone se herde aflemed &
ofslagen by+d, +tonne by+d +ta scep ealle tost+ancte." Ac       #
+tonne +te
ealre angsumest by+d on +tine mode, ge+d+anc +tu min, & ic +te
<P 132>
gescilde on Drihtenes name.' +Ta se king +tas word geherde, +ta
forhtode he +tearle swy+de, & his bletsunge ab+ad, & aweig      #
gewende.
Him aneode sy+d+den swa Sanctus Neotus him fores+ade. +D+as
halgen untrumnysse weox +ta fram d+age to d+aige, & +ta on +tan
ytemesten d+aige his handbreden up to heofone astrehte, & mid
blisse his gast asende, & to reste gewende. So+dlice engles     #
togeanes
his sawle comen, & heo gel+adden mid mycelen gefean to          #
heofo[{n{]rices
myrh+de. His leorningcnihtes +ta bebyrigden his lic mid mycelen
wur+dmynte innen +t+are cirice, +te he sylf on +ar gesette.     #
+T+ar
becom +ta on +t+are hwile mycel swetnysse st+anc, swylc hit     #
eall
gestreawod w+are on +t+are stowe mid wynsume blostmen &         #
wyrtgemangum;
+t+ar wurden eac feale untrume geh+alde fram mistlicen
brocen +turh Godes mihten & +t+as halgen geearnunge. & eft      #
binnen
seofen gearen his ban up genumen wur+den & on o+dre
stowe mid wurdmynte aleigd, neh +tan altere, & +t+ar eft        #
wear+d mycel
swotnysse st+anc geworden on +t+are styrunge. Hw+at! +ta word
ealle gefyllede beon scolden, +te se halge fores+ade beo +tan   #
kinge.
Com +ta Gu+drum, se h+a+dene king, mid his w+alreowen here      #
+arest on
eastd+ale Sexlandes, & +t+ar feala manne ofsloh. Sume eac       #
fleames
cepten, & sume on hand eodan. +Ta +Alfred king, +te we +ar embe
sp+acon, +tt ofaxode, +tt se here swa sti+dlic w+as, & swa neh  #
Englelande,
he sone forfyrht fleames cepte, & his c+ampen ealle forlet, &
his hertogen, & eall his +teode, madmes & madmfaten, & his life
gebearh. Ferde +ta lutigende geond heges & weges, geond wudes
& feldes, swa +tt he +turh Godes wissunge gesund becom to       #
+A+delingege,
& on sumes swanes huse his hleow gernde, & eac swylce him &
his yfele wife georne herde. Hit gelamp sume d+aige, +tt +t+as  #
swanes
wif h+atte hire ofen, & se king +t+ar-big s+at hleowwinde hine  #
beo +tan
fyre, +tan heowen nytende, +tt he king w+are. +Ta wear+d
+tt yfele wif f+aringe astyrod, & cw+a+d to +tan kinge eorre    #
mode,
'W+and +tu +ta hlafes, +tt heo ne forbeornen, for +tan ic       #
geseo d+aighwamlice,
+tt +tu mycel +ate eart.' He w+as sone gehersum +tan
yfele wife, for +tan +te he nede scolde. He +ta, se gode king,  #
mid
mycelre angsumnysse & siccetunge to his Drihtene clypode, his
mildse biddende. Hw+at! +ta abuten him aneode ealswa se halge
him fores+ade on +ar, & mare earfo+de he adreah, +tone we nu    #
areccen
<P 133>
mugen, ac he wear+d eft forra+de gefrefrod +turh +tone halgen
Neoten. He com to him anes nihtes on swefne swy+de brihte
scinende, & him to cw+a+d, 'Eala, +tu king, hw+at wylt +tu to   #
mede
gesyllen +tan +te +te fram +tyssen une+dnyssen alyse+d.' He     #
wear+d
afyrht on swefne f+arlice swy+de, & +teh +tan halgen            #
geandswerode, 
'Eala, leof,' he cw+a+d, 'hw+at m+aig ic syllen? Ic eam ealles  #
godes
ben+amed & mines kynerices.' Se halge him andswerode, 'Ic eam
Neotus, +tin freond, & ic nu blissige mid heofene Kinge. Gehyht
nu on his mihte, +tonne becumst +tu +after Eastern to
+tinen +a+dele, & +te togeanes cum+d +tin todr+afed here, &     #
+tines cymes
+tearle f+agenige+d. Ic +te toforen fare, +tu me +after folge,  #
& +tin folc
samod. Ic so+dlice todr+afe ealle +tine wi+derwinnen, & +tone   #
king, +te
+te togeanes win+d, to geleafen gebege.' Hit gelamp +ta eall    #
swa, &
Gu+drum se h+a+dene king com to +Alfrede +tan cristene kinge,   #
mid
+treottene c+ampen, & fri+des wilnode, & to fulhte feng, & he   #
twelf
dages +after +tan her on lande wunede mid mycelre blisse, &     #
sy+d+den
gesund gewende mid his herelafe to his agenen earde mid ealre
sibbe. +Ta weox +Alfredes cynerice, & his word wide sprang,     #
+tt he
on godcunden gewriten wel gel+ared w+as, swa +tt he ofer+deah
biscopes & m+assepreostes & hehdiacones, & cristendom wel       #
+teah on
+tan gode time. Eac is to wytene, +tt se king +Alfred manega    #
bec
+turh Godes gast gedyhte; & binnen twam & twentig gearen his
cynerices +tiss eor+dlice lif forlet, & to +tan ecen gewende,   #
swa him
God geu+de for his rihtwisnysse. Eala, m+an +ta leofe, +ta      #
w+aron
gode dages on +tan gode time for cristenes folcas
geearnunge, & rihtwisra heafodmanna. Nu is +aighwanen heof &
wop, & orefcwealm mycel for folces synnen, & w+astmes,          #
+aig+der gea
on wude gea on felde, ne synd swa gode, swa heo iu w+aron, ac
yfele+d swy+de eall eor+de w+astme, & unrihtwisnysse mycele     #
wexe+d
wide geond wurlde, & sibbe tolysnysse & t+alnysse, & se         #
+tinc+d nu
w+arrest & geapest, +te o+derne m+aig beswican, & his +ahte     #
him of
anymen. Eac man swere+d man mare +tone he scolde, +ty hit is
+te wyrse wide on eor+de, & beo +tan we mugen understanden,     #
+tt hit is
neh domesd+age. Ne spare+d nu se f+ader +tan sune, ne nan mann
o+dren, ac +alc man win+d ongean o+dren, & Godes lage ne        #
geme+d, swa
swa me scolde. Beo +tan we mugen ongyten, +tt +tiss wurld is
aweigweard & swy+de neh +tan +ande +tysser wurlde. Eale!        #
ges+alig
by+d se +te hine sylfen on time gebyrege+d. Uten nu bidden      #
georne
<P 134>
Seinte Neoten & o+dre halgen, +tt heo ure +tingeres beon to     #
+tan
Heofon-kinge, +tt we n+afre ealles to yfelne time ne gebiden on
+tyssen earmen life, & +tt we moten +after for+dsi+de to ecere  #
reste
becumen. 

<Q MX/1 IR HOM VESPD48>
<N VSPD HOM 48>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D KO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 146>
[} [\XLVIII\] }]
[} [\THE PHOENIX HOMILY.\] }]

   Sanctus Johannes +geseh ofer garseg swylc hit an land w+are.
+Ta +genam hine se +angel & +gebrohte hine to neorxenewange.
Neorxenewange nis na+der ne on heofene ne on eor+de. Seo boc
s+a+g+d +tt Noes flod w+as feowrtig fedmen heh ofer +ta         #
hegesta dunen
+te on middenearde synden, & neorxenewang is feowrti+g fedme    #
herre
+tone Noes flod w+as, & hit hange+d betwonen heofone & eor+den
wunderlice, swa hit se Eallwealdend +gescop, & hit is eall
efenlang & efenbrad. Nis +t+are na+der ne dene ne dune. Ne      #
+t+are
ne by+d ne forst ne snaw ne hagel ne reign, as +t+ar is (\fons  #
uite\) , +tt is
lifes welle. +Tonne (\Kalendas Januarii\) inn ga+d, +tonne      #
flow+d seo
welle swa f+a+gere & swa smoltlice & na deoppere, +tone mann    #
m+ai+g
+gew+aten his finger on forewarde, ofer eall +tt land. & swa    #
+gelice
+alce mon+de ane si+de, +tonne se mon+d inn cum+d, seo welle    #
ongin+d
flowen; & +t+ar is se f+agere wudeholt +te is +genemmed Radion
(\saltus\) ; +t+ar is +alc treow swa riht swa bolt & swa heh,   #
+tt nan eor+dlic
mann ne +geseh swa heh, ne seggen ne cann hwilces cynnes heo
synden. Ne fealle+d +t+ar n+afre leaf of, ac heo by+d           #
singrene, wliti+g
& wynsum, welena unrim. Neorxenewange is upprihte on            #
eastewearde
+tisse wurlde. Nis +t+ar ne hete ne hunger; ne +t+ar niht
nefre ne by+d, ac simble d+ai+g. Sunne +t+ar scine+d seofen     #
si+de
<P 147>
brihtlycor +tone on +tissen earde. +T+ar wune+d on Godes        #
+angles
unrim mid +tan halgen sawlen o+d+d domes d+ai+g. +T+ar
wune+d on an fugel f+a+ger Fenix gehaten, he is mycel & m+are   #
swa
se Mihti+ge hine +gescop, he is hlaford ofer eall fugel cynn.   #
+Alcere
wuca ane si+de se f+a+gere fugel hine ba+de+d on +t+are lifes   #
welle; &
+tonne flih+d se fugel & +gesett uppe +tt hegeste trow on+gean  #
+t+are
haten sunne. +Tonne scin+d he swa sunne leome & he glitene+d    #
swilc
he gyldene seo. His fe+deren synden +angles fe+deren gelice,    #
his
breost & bile brihte scine+d, f+a+gere & fage. Feawe synden     #
swylce.
Hwat! his eagene twa +a+dele synden swa cl+ane swa cristal &    #
swa
scire swa suneleome. His fet synden blodreade be+gen, & se bile
hwit. Hw+at! se f+agre fugel flih+d of his earde, se +te is     #
f+a+gere
Fenix +gehaten. +Tonne wune+d he witodlice on Egiptelande       #
fiftene
wucan feste tog+adere. +Tonne cume+d him to, swa swa to heora
kinge fageninde swy+de, eall +tt fugel cinn & f+a+gere          #
+gegrete+d ealle
Fenix, writi+ge+d & singe+d ealle abuten him, +alc on his
wisen, ealle hine heri+ge+d. +Tonne fer+d +tt folc feorrene     #
swy+de,
wafi+ge+d & wundrige+d, wylcumi+ge+d Fenix. Hal beo +tu Fenix!  #
fugele
f+a+gerest! feorren +tu come. +Tu glitenest swa read gold,      #
ealra
fugela king, Fenix +gehaten. +Tonne wyrece+d heo of wexe &      #
write+d
Fenix, & mete+d hine f+a+gere +t+ar se madme stant. +Tonne      #
fagenege+d
+t+are fugeles ealle f+a+gere & fage, feale tog+adere fealle+d  #
to foten.
Fenix grete+d. His stemne is swa briht swa beme, & his sweora
swylce smete gold, & his forebreost f+a+gere +geheowed, swylce
marmelstan m+are scinnes, & him on read heow rude+d on +tan
hrynge gold felle +gelic glitene+d Fenix. +Tonne f+ar+d eft se  #
fugel
f+a+gere to his earde emb fiftene wucan, & fugeles mani+ge      #
ealle him
abuten efne ferden ufene & ny+dene, & on +alce healfe, o+d+det  #
heo
nehi+ge+d neorxenewange. +T+ar inn +gef+ar+d Fenix, fugele      #
f+a+gerest,
& eall o+der fugel cinn to heora earden +gew+ande+d. Nu         #
s+ai+g+d
her Sanctus Johannes so+den worden, swa se wyrhte cann,
+tt +afre binnen an +tusend wintren +tynce+d Fenix, +tt he      #
forealdod
seo; +gegadered tog+adere ofer eall Paradis +ta deorwur+de      #
boges &
heape+d tosamne, & +turh Godes mihte & +t+are sunne leome, se   #
heap
by+d on+aled; & +tonne fealle+d Fenix on middan +tt micele      #
fyr, & wur+d
forb+arned eall to duste. +Tonne on +tan +triddan d+a+ge        #
arise+d se
f+a+gere fugel Fenix of dea+de, & by+d eft ed+gung & f+ar+d to  #
+t+are lifes
<P 148>
welle, & ba+da+d hine +t+ar inne, & him wexe+d on fe+deren swa  #
f+a+gere
swa heo +afre f+a+gerest w+aren. +Tuss he de+d +afre binne      #
+tusend
wintren. He hine forb+arn+d & eft ed+gung upp arise+d, &        #
n+af+d he
n+anne +gemaca, & nan mann ne wat, hwe+der hit is +te           #
karlfugel, +te
cwenefugel, bute God ane. +Tes halge fugel is Fenix +gehaten,   #
wliti+g
& wynsum, swa hine God +gescop. & +tuss he sceal drigen         #
Drihtenes
wille, se +te is on heofone heh & hali+g, ealra kinge King.     #
Crist us
+generi+ge +tt we on wynne wuni+gen mote mid +tan +te leofe+d   #
& rixe+d
a bute +ande. Amen.


<S SAMPLE 2>
<Q MX/1 IS PHILO VESPD3>
<N VSPD HOM 3>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D KO>
<V PROSE>
<T PHILOSOPHY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>


<P 3>
[} [\III\] }]
[} [\THE OLD ENGLISH CATO.\] }]

   Mann sceal +turh his modes snoternysse hine sylfne geglengen
to wisre lare. Ne beo +tu to sl+apel ne to idelgeorne, for +tan
+te sl+ap & idel fede+d un+deawes & unh+ale +t+as lichamen. We
cwe+de+d +tt +tt seo betst +atforen Gode, +tt man seo           #
gescadwis & gemetigen
cunne +ag+der gea his sp+ace gea his swige, & wyte hw+anne he
gespecan habbe and hw+anne him geandswerod seo. +Tonne +tu
o+derne mann t+ale, +tonne ge+d+anc +tu +tt nan man nis         #
lehterleas.
+Teh +tin wif hw+ane to +te gewreige, ne gelef +tu hire to      #
ra+de,
for +tan heo wyrc+d hire oft manege to feond, for +tan +te heo
by+d +tan hlaforde holdre +tone hire, for +tan heo hate+d oft   #
+tt +tt
se hlaford lufe+d. Ne flit +tu wi+d anwillne man ne wi+d        #
ofersp+acne.
Manegan is forgyfen +tt he specan m+ag & swy+de feawen
+tt heo syn gescadwise. Wyte +t+as mare +tanc +te +tu habbe,    #
+tone
+t+as +te +te man behate. +T+ar lyt gehaten by+d, +t+ar by+d    #
lyt leane.
Ne beo +tu to anwille, for +tan +te is lihtlicre, +tt +tu seo   #
mid rihte
ofertaled, +tone +tu ofertalie o+derne mid woge. +tt by+d se
m+aste wur+dscipe, +tt man cunne riht gecnawen, & hit +tonne    #
wylle
ge+dafigen. Spec ofter emb o+dres mannes weld+aden, +tone emb   #
+tine
agene & cy+d +ta manega mannen. +Donne +tu eald seo & manegra
ealdre cwides & lare geacsod habbe, gedo heo +tonne +tan        #
gingren to
<P 4>
wytene. +Deh +te man hwylces yfeles belige, & +tu +te           #
unscyldigne
wyte, ne rech +tu hw+at heo r+aden o+d+de runigen, heo beteo+d  #
+te +t+as
+te heo sylfe +t+ance+d. +Donne +tu ges+aligest beo, ge+d+anc   #
+tonne +t+at
+tu muge +ta ges+al+den ea+de ge+doligen, gyf heo +te on        #
becumen, for
+tan +te se +ande & +tt anginn ne by+d eallne weig gelice. Ne   #
hope +tu
to o+dres mannes dea+de, uncu+d hwa lengest libbe. +Deh +te     #
earm
freond lytel sylle, nym hit to mycele +tance. Gyf +tu earm      #
wur+de,
ge+d+anc +tt +tu hit ea+de ge+dolige, ge+d+anc +tt +tin moder   #
+te hnacodne
geb+ar. Ne ondr+ad +tu +te dea+d to swy+de, ne leofe+d man naht
myriges +ta hwyle +te he him ondr+att. Ne forgitt +tu hine +teh
ealne, +tel+aste +tu +tornige +t+as ecen lifes. Gyf +te man     #
mid yfelan
geleanige +tt +tt +tu to gode do, ne wyt +tu hit na Gode, ac
warne +te sylfen. +Te f+astere man gehealt +tt +tt he h+af+d,   #
gyf he him
ondr+att, +tt hit +atsceote. +Teo man d+al+d sparlice, +te man  #
nele +tt hit
forberste. Gyf +tu bearn habbe, l+ar heo +ta cr+aftes, +tt heo  #
mugen
beo +tan libben. Uncu+d, hwu heom +at +ahte getide. Cr+aft by+d
betre +tone +aht. Ne gehat +tu nan +ting twygge. Hwat sceal hit
+te eft gehaten bute hit w+are +ar alogen? Ne becep +tu +tin    #
witod
on wen. Wyte mare +tanc +t+as +te +tu habbe +tone +t+as +te     #
+tu wene.
Ne beo +tu to weamod. Of eorsunge cum+d hatunge, & of +t+are
ge+dw+arnysse lufe; & +t+ar +t+ar +tu nede eorsigen scule,      #
gemetega +tt
+teh. Forber o+d +tt +tu ea+de wrecan muge. Ge+dyld by+d        #
mihtene m+ast.
Help +aig+der gea cu+den gea uncu+den, +t+ar +tu muge; uncu+d   #
hware
hwa o+dres be+durfe. Ne wilne +tu ofer +tinne m+a+de to wytene  #
emb
+ta heofonlice +ting, for +tu eart eor+dlic mann, axe +te embe  #
+tan.
Ne beo +tu on +tinre eorre to ofermodig, for mod adwele+d +tone
mann, +tt he ne m+ag riht gecnawen. Beo gehealden on +tan +te   #
+tu
habbe. Unpleolucar man row+d mid lytle bate on lytle
watere +tone mid mycelan scipe on mycele w+atere. Ne wen +tu
na, +tt se yfele aht godes gestreone mid his yfele, for +tan    #
+teh hit
sume hwile forholen beo, hit wur+d eft a bemeldod. +Tonne +te
tober+d wi+d unspedigre m+ann +tone +tu sylf beo, forber him &
ge+d+anc +tt wel oft man ofercum+d +tone +te hine +ar ofercom,  #
swa man
on ealden bigspellan cwy+d+d, 'Hwilen by+d esnes tid, hwilen    #
o+dres.'
Ne sech +tu na +turh hlotes hwu +te gelimpen scule, ac do swa
+tu betst muge. Ea+de ger+ade+d God his wille beo +te & +tine   #
+tearfe,
+teh he hit +te +ar ne secge.
<P 5>
   Forl+at +tt +tu nabbe to o+dres mannes gode ande, for +tu    #
sw+ancst
+te sylfen swy+der +tone hine.
   Ne beo +tu to ormod, +teh +te beo unriht gedemed. Lyt manna
by+d lange gefagen +t+as +te heo o+dren +atwr+anc+d. Gyf +tu    #
wi+d hwan
saca h+afdest, & gyt +tonne gesemed w+aron, ne +atwit +tu eft   #
+ta
ealde saca, bute he heo eft geneowed habbe.
   Ne do +tu na+der, ne +te sylfen ne here, ne +te sylfen ne    #
leh;
+aig+der +t+are is dysigre manna +teaw, +te swinca+d +after     #
idele gelpe.
+T+at is +teh wisedom, +tt wis mann l+ate dysig, & +tt is +tt   #
m+aste
dysig, +tt dysig man l+ate wisedom. Swa mann mare spec+d, swa   #
him
l+as manna gelefe+d. Gyf +tu hw+at on +tin druncan misdo, ne    #
wit
+tu hit na +t+ar drince, for +tan +tu his weolde +te sylf.      #
Nafe +tu to
yfel ellen, +teh +te hwylc unwille on becume. Oft brync+d seo   #
wyrd
+tone wille, +te eft by+d andergelde.
   Ne wur+de +te n+afre swa wa, +tt +tu +te ne wene betere,     #
for +tan +te
se wene +te ne l+att n+afre forwur+den. Ne ceos +tu n+anne mann
beo his +ahte, ne +tin agen ne amerr. Manig man h+af+d mycel    #
fex on
forheafde & gewur+d +teh f+arlice calow.
   Bisne +te beo sume m+an, for +tan +te +alces mannes lif      #
by+d sumes
lare & forbisne. Ne forswige +tu na +tt unt+ale gedon beo,      #
+tel+aste
m+an wenen +tt hit +te lichige. Gyf +te man for rihtre scylde
brochige, ge+dole hit wel & beo his wel ge+d+afe. Spec +te      #
gem+atlice
& eac swa geb+ar, +tel+ast man +te leasunge teo, +t+ar +tu      #
wene, +tt +tu
+tine cyste habbe, & +tu +te +anigre wille wene. Ne hlyst +tu   #
na
unscadwises mannes word, for +tan +te manig man h+af+d +tone    #
+teaw,
+tt he ne cann nytt specan & na+del+as ne m+aig swigigen.
Hit by+d dysig +tt man speca +ar, +tone he +t+ance. Ne rece     #
+tu na
weamodes wifes wopes, for +tan heo +te +t+anc+d oft mid hire    #
wope
beswican. Ne ondr+ad +tu +te dea+d to swy+de for nanre wite,    #
+teh he
+te full god ne +tyncce, he by+t +alces yfeles +ande & ne       #
cum+d he n+afre
ma. Forsih +tysser wurlde wl+ance, gyf +tu wylle beon welig on
+tinen mode. For +tan +ta +te +tas welen gitsige+d, by+d simle  #
w+adle &
eremingas on heora mode. Ac beo gehealden on +tine gecynde,
+tonne h+afest +tu +afre genoh. Gyf +tu +tin agen amerre, ne    #
wit +tu
hit na Gode, ac warne +te sylfen. Bruc +tinre +ahte +tahwile
+te +tu hal seo. Se unhale gitsere ah +tt feoh, & ne ah hine    #
sylfne.
Ge+dole +tines hlafordes & +tines lar+deawes eorre & his word,  #
+teh he
+te cide. Gyf +te +tynce +tt +tu towr+ane sy, wit +tt +tinre    #
ceola, for
<P 6>
+tan seo ceola is +t+are wambe freond, +tanen +te cume+d +ta    #
unnytte
lustes. Dysig mann him ondr+att nietes & ne ondr+att +tone      #
mann,
+te him teale l+ar+d. Gyf +tu str+agnc+de habbe, bruc +t+are    #
to nytte.
Gyf +tu wylle godne hlyse habben, ne fagene +tu nanes
yfeles. Leorne +athweige, +teh +te +tine welen forl+aten, ne    #
forl+ate
+te na +tin cr+aft. Ne beo +tu na ofersp+ace, ac hlyst +alces   #
mannes
wordan swy+de georne, for +tan +ta word geopenige+d +alces      #
mannes
wille & his +teawes, +teh he heo hwilen behelige. Gyf +tu       #
hwylcne
cr+aft cunne, bega +tone georne. Swa swa sorge & embhogen
geece+d mannes mod, swa geec+d se cr+aft his are. Leorne +afre
+athweige +at +tan wisen, +tt +tu muge l+aren +ta unwise;       #
+ai+der +t+are
is swy+de nytt weorc & gerisendlic. Gyf +tu wylle hal beon,     #
drinc
+te ged+aftlice; +alc oferfylle & +alc idel fett unh+ale. Ne    #
l+at +tu na
unlofed +tt +tu swutele ongyte +tt +tt licwur+de seo; +t+ar     #
+te aht twenige,
lofe +tt gemettlice, +tel+aste +te man leasunge teo. Ne         #
treowwe +tu na
smylte w+atere, ne bilewitne mann ne forsih. Of stille w+ater   #
sta+de
breca+d. Onginn +tt +te to onhagige. Treowlicre hit is beo      #
sta+de to
rowen, +tonne ut on s+a to segeligen. Gyf +te +at hwylcen       #
ges+al+den
tos+ale, acse +te, hwe+der +anigen +ar swylc ges+alde, +tonne   #
miht
+tu hit +te e+d ge+doligen. Ne flit +tu na wi+d rihtwisen
m+ann & wi+d unscyldigne, for +tan +te God wrec+d unrihte       #
domes.
+Deh +te +tin eald gefere abelge, ne forgyt +tu, gyf he +te     #
+afre +ar
gecwemde. Ere mid +tinen oxen, & offre mid +tinre recele.       #
Dysige
by+d +ta m+an, +te wene+d, +tt heo God gecwemen, +tonne heo     #
cwelle+d
heora oxen. +Alce d+aige +tu byst on ro+de wene, +alce d+aige   #
+tu
scealt Gode +tancigen +tines lifes. +Teh +te manig man herige,  #
ne
gelef +tu heom to wel, ac ge+d+anc +te sylf hw+at hit so+des    #
seo, l+at +te
sceomigen +t+as hlysen. Gyf +te man onlige, f+agene +t+as, gyf  #
+te
man so+t secge, & +teh gemetelice. M+ang +ta blisse wi+d +ta    #
unrotnysse,
for +tan gyf heora a+der by+d aht lange buten o+dre, +tonne is
hit ungem+ate, & +tu miht +te unea+de aberen, +tas +te +te on   #
becum+d,
for +tan heora na+der ne m+aig beon +alt+awe buten o+dren, +te  #
ma +te
w+at m+aig beon buten drygen, o+d+de wearm buten cealden,       #
o+d+de
liht bute +teostren. Leorne manige bech & geher manig spell,    #
wyte
+teh hwylcen +tu gelefen scule. Feale write+d m+an              #
ungeleaflices.
Ne merr eall +tt +tu habbe, +tel+aste +te be+dearfe to o+dres   #
mannes.
Ne recc +tu toswy+de, hwu seo wyrd wandrige. Se +te
<P 7>
fullice +tas wurld forsic+d, ne ondr+at he dea+d swy+de.        #
+Donne hit
+afre ge+dw+arest seo, ondr+ad +te +tonne unge+dw+arnysse, &    #
+tonne hit
+te frecnest seo, wen +te +tonne frofre & selre. Beo +te +afre  #
getreowre,
+tone +te man to gelefe, +tel+aste m+an wenen, +tt +tu nane
[{treow+de{] nabbe bute wi+d hlysen. Se +te him eallne weig     #
ondr+att,
se by+d swylce he beo ealne weig cwellende. Gyf +tu +te wylle   #
don
maniges betere, +tonne do +tu anes wyrse. Gyf +tu wylle, +tt    #
+te
manige ol+achien, +tonne ol+ace +tu anen georne. Gyf +tu nelle  #
nanen
ol+acen, forl+at +tonne eall, +tt +tu age, bute wiste &         #
gew+aden & tolen
to swylce weorca, swylce +tu cunne. Ol+ace +tonne Goden ana &   #
ne
wilne +tonne nanes mannes ol+acunge. Gyf +tu wylt +at manega
mannen habben +tt +tt +te lica+d, +tu scealt eac +at manegan    #
habben +tt +te
mislica+d. Gyf +tu wylt +at anen m+an habben +tt +te lica+d,    #
+tu scealt
him oft ge+dafigen +tt +te ne lica+d. Ne scealt +tu +at manega  #
mannen
heora god habben, bute +tu muge hwilen heora yfel ge+dafigen,   #
for
+tan +te nan +ting nis full god bute God ane. Ster +teh +alces  #
yfeles,
swa +tu swy+dest muge, swa +teh, +tt +tu hit to wyrrsen ne
gebringe. Ne by+d +tt yfel to nahten gebett, +te by+d to wyrsen
gebroht. Gemetnysse by+d ednysse. Gyf +anig man by+d a +de
wur+dere, +te hine manig wis man forsic+d, +tonne by+d +alc     #
dysig man
+te unwur+dre, a +de he mare rice h+afe+d. On +alcere ea swa    #
wyrse
fordes swa betere fisces. Hwe+der sceal cepinge +te lofigen,    #
+te se +te
heo syllen sceall, +te se +te heo byggen wyle? Wa +t+are        #
+teode, +te
h+af+d +al+deodigne cyng, ungemetf+astne, feohgeorne &          #
unmildheortne,
for on +t+are +teode by+d his gitsung & his modes gnornung on   #
his
earde. Se +te anwealdes wilne+d ofer his hlaford, for twam      #
+tingen
he his willne+d: o+der for he wyle +tone hlaford lecgen         #
anunder hine
& setligen him mid +tan, +tt he sylf sitte +te ufer; o+d+de he  #
wyle +tone
hlaford habben up ofer hine sylfne & stigen hym sylf +after &   #
eac
onhangigen, scufen +teh simle +tone hlaford beforen. Ne acse    #
+tu
nanre wicce r+ades, ne sech +tu riht +at deaden. So+dlice God
ascune+d swylce +ting. Ne nym +tu medsceattes, for heo          #
abl+ande+d
wisra manna ge+dancas & w+ande+d rihtwisra word.



<B CMBODLEY>
<Q MX/1 IR HOM BOD5>
<N BOD HOM 5>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  BODLEY HOMILIES.
TWELFTH-CENTURY HOMILIES IN MS. BODLEY 343,
PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 137.
ED. A. O. BELFOUR.
LONDON, 1962 (1909).
PP. 40.3  - 48.29  (V)
PP. 96.5  - 106.25 (X) 
PP. 124.1 - 134.5  (XII)^]

<P 40>
[} [\V\] }]
[} (\DOMINICA IN QUADRAGESSIMA\) }]

   Men +ta leofeste, ic cy+de eow +tt +dreo +ting beo+d +arest  #
on forewearde
+a+ghwilcum men neodbehefe to habbene. An is ileaf+a;
o+ter is hiht; +tridde is so+t lufe. On +tam leafe is +t+at he  #
ilefe
on God F+ader +Almihti+gne, & on his Sune, & on +tene Hal+gan   #
Gaste,
& on +da untod+aledlice +Trynnesse, & on +ta +turhwuni+gend+an  #
Annesse.
+Tonne is +te hiht +tt he wislice hihte +da ecen mede; +tone
is +teo so+de lufe, +tt he beo ifylled mid +tare godcunden lufe
on+gean his nyxt+an - +tt is +ale cristene mon. For +tam +de    #
we beo+d
alle on +tam fuluhte Godes bearn ihal+gode, to +tam +tt we      #
beon gastlice
ibro+dr+a on fulfremede so+te lufe +after Gode; +ti we sculen
symle wuni+an on +tare godcund+an lufe & ure next+a, +tt he     #
symle on
us +turhwunie. For +tam, swa swa Iohannes cw+a+d, God is +teo
so+te lufe, & +te +de wun+a+d on +tare so+dan lufe, he wune+d   #
on Gode,
& God wun+a+d on him. Bro+dor min, six +ting beo+d neodbihefe   #
to
habbene +tare hal+gan cristenlice eawfestnesse, & alre mest on  #
[{da+gum{]
+tisses hal+g+a l+anc+gtenfestenes. An is andetnys; o+ter is    #
reowsung;
+tridde is w+acce; feor+te is f+asten; fyfte beo+d bedu; sixte  #
is
+almesse. +Deo andetnes is to donne bi alle +tam synnum +te man
+a+ghw+ar +turhtih+d, o+d+de on +tohte, o+d+de on spece,        #
o+d+de on
weorce. Witodlice +aht+a beo+d heafodl+ahtr+as, buton +tare     #
sume
ne m+a+g nan mon imetodlice beon. +Ar+ast is +tt forme,         #
+gyfernes,
+tt is +tare wombe fr+acnes; o+ter is derneli+gere; +tridde is
sleacmodnes, & unrotnes; feor+te is +gytsung; fifte is ydel     #
wuldor;
sixte is +afest; seofo+de yrre; eahto+de oferhyd, +teo is cwen  #
alre
yfel+a, - +turh +ta oferhyd of heofenum areas +teo wundorlice   #
angl+a
+gescaeft. Bro+dor mine, +tone +ge to rihte andetnysse to eowre
schrifte bicume+d, +tonne sceal he eow +geornlice acsi+an mid   #
hwylce
<P 42>
+gemete o+d+de mid hwylce intingum +teo synn +turhto+gen        #
w+are, +te
he +geandette +tt he +ar fremode. & +after +tare +gemete +tare  #
ded+a he
sceal +ta reowsunge deman. He sceal hine eac swa l+aren, +tt    #
he of
+tam +twyrlice +dance andetnysse do, & he sceal hine mani+an    #
+t+at he
of +tam eaht+a heafodl+ahtrum andetnysse do. & +te sacerd him
sceal synderlice +alcne heafodl+ahtor nemni+an & swa of +tam    #
his
andetnysse [{onfon{] , to +tam +tt he habbe rihtre intinge to   #
for+gyfene.
For +tam +te +teo andetnes +te h+al+a+d, & +teo andetnysse +te  #
rihtwis+a+d,
& +teo andetnys syl+d for+gyfenesse +tam synnum. +A+ghwilc      #
hiht
for+gifenesse stont on +tam andetnysse. +Deo andetnes is        #
mildheortnysse 
weorc; heo is h+al +d+as untrumen, & heo is l+acedom
ure m+a+gn+a mid reowsunge, for+tam +te we on o+dre wisan ne    #
ma+gen
beon ih+alede buton we ure synn+a andett+an +da +te we          #
+turhtu+gon.
Be +tare synne andetnesse, Salomon cw+a+d, '+Te +te his scylde
bihyd, ne bi+d he na iriht; +te +te heom so+tlice andet, & heom
forlet he h+af+d mildheordnesse bi+geten.' Bro+dor mine,        #
+after +tare
andetnesse +teo reowsung is to underfonne. Be +tare +te H+alend
on his godspelle cw+a+d, 'Do+d reowsunge, for +tam +de heofene  #
rice
neahl+ac+d.' Swa Iohannes +de fulluhtere cw+a+d, 'Weorc+a+d
medem+a w+astm+as reowsunge.' +T+at is +te medeme w+astm
reowsunge +tt mon +ta for+dwiten+a synn+an biwep+a & +ta ylc+a  #
eft
ne fremm+a, swa swa +tt godcunde writ cw+a+d, 'Ne ec +tu na     #
synn+a
ofer synn+a.' Ac Drihten +turh Ysaiam +tone witeg+a cw+a+d,     #
'Beo+d
a+dw+a+gene, & +turhwuni+a+d cl+ane.' So+tlice +te bi+d         #
a+two+gen &
+turhwun+a+d cl+ane, +te +de +dare for+dwiten+a synn+a
bew+ap+d, & he eft +ta bewopen+a ne +durhtih+d. Ac +te bi+d     #
i+twe+gen,
ant ne bi+t cl+ane, +te +de biwep+d +ta +durhto+gene synne, &   #
+tonne
+git ne forl+ate+t, ac +after +dam tearum +ta ylc+a +te he      #
biweop he eft
+turhtih+d. So+tlice is to wit+anne +tt +tt bi+t +deo so+te     #
reowsung +te
+durh wisnesse bi+d idon. +Teo so+de reowsung ne bi+t on +tare  #
+geare
ryne iscryfen, ac on +t+as modes biternysse, for+tan +de God    #
ne s+ac+d
na swa swy+de +tare tide lenge, ac he +tenc+d hu mucel +teo     #
lufe beo
+tare syferlicnesse on +tare heort+an +t+as reowsi+gend+an.     #
Witodlice,
<P 44>
+teah hwa synful beo & arle+as, +gif he to reowsunge cyrr+an    #
wyle, ne
ortrowi+ge he him +d+at he ne ma+ge him for+gifenesse           #
bi+git+an +turh
Godes mildheordnesse. So+tlice +da +de on +dissere worulde      #
reowsunge
do+t, +tam symle Godes mildheortnesse h+alp+a+d. +Tam           #
reowsi+gendum
witodlice is +teo w+acce to biganne, for+tam +dan +de heo to    #
heofenum
up ah+af+d +t+as reowsiend+an w+astm+as. For+tan us dafen+a+t   #
+d+at we
waci+an symle, swa swa Ysayas +te witeg+a cw+a+d, (\Media nocte
surgebam\) . 'To middere nihte ic w+as risende to andetnesse    #
ofer +ta
dom+as +tinre rihtwisnesse.' Be +tare w+accen swylce +te        #
H+alend
eac +tare monn+a mod aw+ahte +te from deofles anwealde to       #
alysen
beo+d, +tus cw+a+dende, (\Beatus ille seruus quem cum uenerit   #
dominus\) .
'Eadi+ge beo+d +ta +teow+as +tone +te laford for+d cyme+d,      #
+gif he heom
wacende imet. To so+tan ic eow s+acge ofer alle his god he heom
set.' & eft he cw+a+d, 'Ic lufi+ge +ta +de me lufi+g+a+t, &     #
+ta +de +ar
to me waci+a+d heo imet+a+t me; for+ty waci+a+t on +geornesse   #
for+tam
+de +ge nyten hw+anne Drihten cumende bi+d on repsunge, o+d+de  #
to
middre nihte, o+d+de on hancrede, o+d+de on +arne mare+gen;     #
+ti l+as
+tonne he cyme +tt he slepende eow ne imete.' & n+as na +tt an  #
+tt
h+a +tam apostolum sylfum +tas lare bead. +Ta weccan, he eft    #
cydde,
+tus cw+a+dende, '+Teah ic eow +ta weccan beode, allum ic heom
beode to witanne.' Nis +tt an +tt he wordum l+arde +da          #
w+accan, ac
eac swylce mid his a+gene bisne he +getrymede; swa swa +tt      #
godspel
cy+t +tt +de H+alend w+are nihterne on bedum wacende. Bro+dor   #
mine,
for+ti is allum +geleaffule monnum to waci+genne, for+tan +te   #
+deo
estfulnes +tare wecc+an is ihiwcy+dlicod alle monnum; for+tam   #
heo
witen +t+as, - +tt nis idellic +ar to arisenne & +ar lihte to   #
waci+genne, -  
for+tan +de Drihten beh+at +tone heofenlice beah +tam           #
waci+gendum.
+After +dissum wecc+an +ta festene beo+d hihtlice to            #
lufi+genne. Be
+tare lofe, Ysidorus cw+a+d +tt festen is swi+de god; hit is    #
heofonlic
weorc, & heofene rices dur+a, & hiwung +tare towearden          #
weorulde.
+T+at festen +te +te rihtlice big+a+d, he bi+t to Gode i+teod,  #
& he bi+t
+tissum middanearde afremdod, & he bi+d gastlice ifremed. +Turh
<P 46>
+det festen beo+d +ta l+ahtr+as astr+ahte & +tt fl+asc bi+d     #
ieadmat & +t+as
deofles costnung oferswi+t[{ed{] . Hieronimus cw+a+d +tt +d+at  #
festen
cl+ans+a+d +tone lichame & midl+a+t +ta uncyst+a & +ta          #
godcund+a m+a+gnu
ob+gebring+a+d. Augustinus cw+a+d +t+at +tt festen open+a+t     #
+ta heofenlice
rynu, & hit ut ascyf+d +ta yfele +toht+as, & +ta sawle          #
onliht+a+t.
Witodlice +ta festene beo+d stronge iscotu on+gean +t+as        #
deofles
costnunge. Swi+de ra+de heo beo+d oferswi+dde +turh +ta         #
forh+afdnesse.
So+tlice is to witenne +tt +d+at mycel fremede +tt +det folcc   #
on Niniue
+tare byri+g f+aste +dry da+g+as; +turh +det heo earnodon +tt   #
heo Godes
mildheortnysse bi+geten & heor+a for+gifenesse. Israele folc    #
f+asten +ar
+tar+a easterlic+an tide symbelnesse; +turh +det heo earnoden   #
+ta
Readan S+a mid dry+gym fotum +turhfaran, & heor+a feond iseon
besencte on +dare ylc+an s+a. Moyses feste on +dam westene,     #
+turh
+det he earnode iher+an +ta heofenlice +gerynu. Dauid +te       #
kyning
+after +dare +durhto+gen+an synn+a feste; +turh +d+at he        #
earnode +ta ylca
scylde +gedi+glian, swa he sylf cw+a+d, 'Ic +geeadmette on      #
festene
mine sawl+a.' Crist sylf f+aste feowerti+g da+g+a & feowerti+g  #
niht+a,
+turh +det he ofercom +tone wi+derwinn+an, & him sone engl+as
+tenoden. Petrus feste, +turh +det he earnode +tone engel       #
iseon +te
hine of carcere alysde. Johannes +te godspellere feste, +turh   #
+d+at 
he earnode +ta godcundan runo +geher+an, swa swa him +te engel
bodode. Paulus feste, +turh +d+at he earnode beon +geh+aled on  #
+dare
blindnesse, & fulluhtes underfon. Hieronimus cw+a+d swa longe
swa Adam hine forh+afde +tt he +d+as appl+as ne onburi+gde he   #
wunode
on neorcxn+awonges ifean; sone swa he d+as ofetes onbyri+gde,   #
swa
w+as he ut idrifen. To witenne is witodlice +tt +tt festen is   #
mid
gode weorcum Gode anfencge. For +tam +tt is +det fulfremede     #
festen,
+deo mid +almessen & bedum +tone heofen +turhf+ar+d, & to +t+as
hyhst+an Godes setle becym+d. +After +tam, bro+dor mine, beo+d  #
+ta
+gebedu & redincg+a hali+gr+a boc+a to biganne, swa swa         #
Ysodorus
cw+a+d, 'Mid +tam bedum +ge beo+d iclensode, & mid +tam         #
redinge +ge
beo+d itimbrode,' So+tlice is to witenne +t+at syngallice       #
+gebedu
mycel freme+d mid Gode, swa swa Paulus +te apostel cw+a+d,      #
'+T+as
<P 48>
rihtwisen bed mycel freme+d +atforen Gode.' Witodlice Moyses
hine bed, & ahwyrfde Godes yrre fram Israele folce, +ta heo to  #
+dam
deofel+gylde bed+an & God forl+aten. Eac swilce Helias hine     #
bed +tt
hit ne rei+gnde ofer eor+dan, & he mid his bedum +tone heofen   #
bileac
+treo +gear & six mon+a+t. & eft he b+ad +tt +teo heofen        #
sealde r+ai+gn+as
& +deo eor+d+a hire w+astm+as. Jonas hine bed on +t+as hw+ales
inno+de, & he +donen alysed w+as. Daniel hine bed on +der+a     #
leon+a
scea+te & he eornode beon ih+aled. Ezechi+as +te kyng hine bed  #
on
his untrumnesse, & him ehte God fiftene +gear to life.          #
Witodlice
swa hwa swa wule symle mid Gode beon, he sceal hine ilomlice
biddan & redan. For+tam +tonne we us bidd+a+t, +tonne spece we
wi+d Gode; ant +tonne we red+a+t, +tonne spec+d God to us. +At  #
+tam
ytemestan, bro+dor mine, her +after fyli+g+a+d +teo mongung be  #
+tare
+almess+an lofe. Augustinus cw+a+d, '+Teo +almesse is swi+de    #
hali+g
weorc. Heo +geyc+d +ta andweardan god; & heo syl+d synne        #
for+gifenesse;
& heo moni+gfeald+a+t +gear+a fyrst+as; & heo liht +t+as
monnes mod; & heo +geondbr+ada+t +ta +gem+aru; & heo alle       #
+ting
cl+ans+a+d; & heo alyse+d +tone mon from dea+te & from wite; &  #
heo
+ge+deoda+t to +tam englum; & deofl+a from ascyf+d; & heo is    #
unoferwinnendlic
weal ymb +ta sawl+a.' Swa swa Ieronimus cw+a+d,
'+Teo +almesse +geondf+ar+a+d +tone heofen, & heo cnyse+d
heofene rices dur+a, & heo awec+d +tone engel, on+gean          #
cumende, &
heo ci+g+a+d God to fultume.' Witodlice +dreo cyn beo+d         #
+almessen+a;
an is lichamlic, +tt is +d+at mon +tam w+adli+gendan sylle to   #
gode +tt he
ma+ge; o+ter is gastlic, +tt is +tt mon for+gife +tam +de wi+d  #
hine a+gylt+a+d;
+tridde is +tt mon +tam gyltendan styre, & +ta w+adli+gendan    #
on rihte
brincge; +tas +ting us dafen+a+t +gefyllan mid +t+as fultume,   #
+te mid
F+ader & mid Sune & mid +tam Hal+ge Gaste leof+a+t & rix+a+d    #
+turh
alr+a woruld+a woruld, a on ecnesse, a buton ende. Amen 

<Q MX/1 IR HOM BOD10>
<N BOD HOM 10>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 96>
[} [\X\] }]

   Men +ta leofest+a, we wull+a+d eow s+agg+an bi +tare         #
hal+g+a tide +te nu
toweard is, +te we onsundren mare f+asten & mare forh+afdnesse
on habba+d, +tonne on o+dre tide +gem+anelice; +tonne do we +tt #
to bote &
to cl+ansunge ure sawl+a, & eac for +tam +te Crist sylf us      #
+t+as f+astenes
bysne onstealde. Hit is iwriten +tt +te H+alend son+a +after    #
his fuluhte
ferde on sume w+asten & +t+ar fest+a feowerti+g da+ge &         #
feowerti+g niht+a
tog+adere +ar +tam +te he moncyn ofer all openlice l+arde. Ne   #
f+aste
he na for+tan +d+at he +afre +ani+g sunne wrohte +tt he mid     #
+tam festen
beten +turfte. Ac he feste +tt he walde monncynnes sunn+an      #
h+alen
& ales+an, & us bisne onst+all+an, +tt w+a witen +tat +alc      #
+tare mann+a
+te +denc+t +tt he +da heofenlice murh+te bi+gete, +tt he       #
sceal nu +turh
festen, & +turh +almes, & +turh lomlice +gebeden, & +turh       #
lichamlice 
forh+afdnesse,
her on weorlde earni+an; & na +turh +gifernesse, ne +durh
druncennesse, ne +durh lichamlice lust+as. Crist +tolede eac    #
on +tam
w+asten +tene awari+gede deofel hine fandi+an, swa we nu        #
her+after secg+an
wull+a+d. Sanctus Matheus wrat, +te godspellere, +tis           #
d+a+g+terlice
godspel, +after +tissere endeburdnesse, +tus cw+a+dende.        #
(\Ductus est Ihesus
in desertum a Spiritu ut temptaretur a diabolo.\) He cw+a+d,    #
'+Te H+alend
w+as il+ad fram Gaste on w+asten +tt he were ifondod of         #
deofle.' Monie
men tweoni+a+d fram hwylce gaste Crist w+are on +tt westen      #
il+ad, nu
hit swa cu+dlice on +tissum godspellic+an lare s+a+g+d +tt +de  #
wari+gede
deofel hine +t+ar swa openlice costni+an ongon. Hit is buton    #
tweon
to lyfen & to +geare to witenne +tt +de Hali+ge Gast him
wunsumlice on +tt w+asten l+adde, & +t+at he sylfwilles +tider  #
ferde +tt
he wolde deofle +ta durstinesse +gyf+an +tt he him +t+ar        #
costni+an ongon.
Na for +tam +tt +te deofel h+afde +ani+g fare to ure H+alende   #
o+der his
m+a+d w+are +tt he him ahw+ar on neawste come, +gif he hit for  #
ure lufe
<P 98>
ne +ge+dafede. Ac he hit dude ure life to bisene +tt he w+alde  #
+tt we
wisten hu ea+delice he +tene deofel ofercom - na mid his        #
godcunlice
mihte ane, ac mid +tare m+annisc+a rihtwisnesse. Swa eac nu     #
m+a+g
ealc mon deofel ofercumen, +gif he on rihtwisnesse & on gode    #
weorcum
his lif adrih+d. +Da son+a +ta +de H+alend on +tt w+asten       #
becom, +ta f+aste
he feowerti+g da+ga & nihte tog+adere; +after +tam he s+a+gde   #
+tt hine
hingrede. Witerlice on +tam hit w+as fulcu+d +tt he h+afde      #
so+dne
lichame +ta him hingri+an mihte. Hit is iwriten on +tare ealde  #
la+ge
+tt tw+a+ge men herbiforen +tis festen festen. Moyses feste     #
feowerti+g
da+ge & nihte togedere +ta he w+as on Synai +t+are dune +at     #
Drihtines
spece; & Drihten him sealde +ta ealde la+ge +te he mid his      #
a+gene fingre
wrat on twam st+anene br+aden, & +tam folce sende, & het +tt    #
heo alle
+ter+after lyfedon. Elias +te witeg+a feste eac +tt ilce        #
festen feowerti+g
da+ge & niht+a tosomme, +after +tan +de he +at +tene m+ate +de  #
+te engel
to him brohte, & he wear+d +ta +turh +done mete istrong+ad swa  #
+tt he
+t+at f+asten feste. & +after +t+am f+asten he wear+d mid       #
wisdomes gaste
ifulled, & him +ta toweard+an +ting unwreah & swytelode, +tt    #
he heom
wiste swa +geare swa +ta +de he on andweardnesse iseah. Nu eft  #
on
+tis ytemeste tide +te H+alend hine eadmedede to +tam +tt he    #
+tis ylce
f+asten feste feowerti+g+a da+g+a & niht+a togadere. For hwon   #
nolde
+te deofel fanden Moysen & Heliam swa he ure H+alend fondode,
buten for +ton +de he under+geat +tt heo mennisce men w+aren,   #
& +turh
Adames gult ibundene, & eac +tt heo on summe +tinge isyngod
h+afden? For n+as n+afr+a nan mon on +tisse midd+anearde swa    #
hali+g,
+tt he on summe +tinge ne sunegode buten Crist ane, +te +de is  #
so+d God
& so+d mon; him n+as n+afre nan sunne on. Ac +ta +de deofel     #
com to
him, +ta iseah he +tt he h+afde so+dne lichame & +tt he w+as    #
unilic +alle
o+dre monnum +te he on midd+anearde eafre imette, & +tt on him  #
n+as 
nare synne wem. +Ta ondredde +te deofel +tt hit w+are - swa     #
swa hit
w+as - +t+as lifiende Godes Sune, & +tohte +ta +tt he walde     #
mid +tare
costunge fonden hu hit w+are. Ber +ta to him +ta ylce           #
costung+a +te
he +ta ereste men Adam & Euam mid forcostode & biswaac, & his
<P 100>
wylles weald on him +ahte; +tt w+as +turh +gifernesse, &        #
+gytsunge, & 
ydel+gylp. +Ta wolde Crist +tone awariede deofel ofercumen on   #
+tam
ylce +trem costunge +te +de deofel +ar +ta ereste men mid       #
biswaac.
+Da neahl+achede +te deofel to +tam H+alende & cw+a+d to him,   #
'Gyf +tu
eart Godes Sune, hat +tt +t+as stanes to lafes wur+ten.' N+as   #
Criste
nan earfo+dnesse +tt he +ta stanes mid his worde to lafes       #
wrohte; for
+gif he hit icw+ade, hit w+are sone iworden, & +tenne wiste     #
+de deofel
ful wisslice +tt he w+are +te ylce Drihten +te +te +at frym+te  #
w+as, +ta +ta
he alle sceafte isceop & wrohte; & he cw+a+d, 'Gewur+de liht,'  #
& +ta
w+as sone iworden liht; & swa he alle sceafte iscop &
iwroht+a; +tenne he walde +tt heo weren, +tenne weron heo       #
son+a.
+Ta nolde +ta +gyt Crist haten +tt +da stanes to lafes          #
wur+den, ac he walde
+tt his godcundlice miht w+are +gyt +tam deofle bihud, +t+ah    #
heo w+are
him +aft ful stronge iopenod: & he +ta +tuldelice to him spec   #
& +tus 
cw+a+d, 'Hit is iwrit+an; +tt monnes lif ne bi+d na on lafe     #
ane, ac bi+d
on +alc +tare worde +te of Godes mu+de for+tstep+d.' Hw+at we   #
witen
+tt monnes lichame sceal bi mete libban, +ta hwile +te he on    #
+tisse life
bi+d; swa sceal eac +teo sawle libb+an bi Godes worde - +t+at   #
is +tt
heo sceal Godes lare +georne lyst+an, & his bode +afre healden  #
- +gyf heo
sceal +tt ece lif habben. +Da nam +te deofel +tene H+alend on   #
+t+are
hal+gan buri+g & sette hine ofer +t+as temples yppan +t+ar      #
+t+are lar+teawselt
w+as. Hit +tunc+tt moni+ge monnum wunderlice to herenne, & eac
unea+delic to lyfene, hu deofel +afre +ta durstinesse h+afde    #
+tt he Cristes
lichame +atrin+an durste, o+der for+den +tt he him on neawste   #
cumen
moste. Eal+a! +gif we wull+a+t i+tencean his o+dre d+ade +te    #
mucele
mare & eadmodlicre beo+d, +tenne ma+ge we +tisses +te +a+d      #
ilyf+an.
Crist is alle hali+ge monn+a heofod, & alle hali+ge men beo+d   #
his limen:
& deofel is eac alle synfulle monn+a heafod, & alle sunfulle    #
men beo+d
his limen. So+dlice +ta Iudeus w+aren alle deofles limen, +ta   #
+d+a ure
H+alend to dea+te demdon. Pilatus w+as eac deofles lim, +te     #
+de ure
Drihten lichamlice ahon h+at. Hwylc wunder w+as +tenne +teah    #
Crist
+da durstinesse deofle sealde +tt he his lichame rin+an moste,  #
+ta he
walde +turh deofles lime +tt is +turh sunfulle monn+a honden    #
lichamlice
<P 102>
dea+t +drowi+an? Eal+a! hw+at +tt w+as mucele mare &            #
eadmodlicre
+tonne +t+as deofles +atrine, & he hit +teah for monn+a h+ale   #
+trowode.
+Ta cw+a+d +te deofel to Criste, 'Gif +tu eard Godes Sune,      #
+tenne asend
+tu nu +te adun of +tissere uppon: for +t+am hit is iwriten bi  #
Godes Sune; 
+tt he beode+t his englum bi +te +tt heo +te on heor+a handen   #
habb+a+d +tt +din
fot ne +durfe for+don +at stane spurnen.' On +tesne +anne       #
godspel we
r+ad+a+t +tt deofel ongan hali+ge bec to reccan, ah he +ta      #
sone +tone forme
cwide leah, - swa him ealc ly+ge, & elc leasunge bilimp+d.      #
N+as hit n+afre
sunderlice bi Criste iseid +tt him sceoldon engl+as on fultume  #
cumen: ac
hit w+as isungen & iwriten bi hali+ge men & bi hali+ge sawlen.  #
For +tan
+te engl+as beo+d heom on fultume h+ar on weorlde; & +aft       #
+tenne heo of
+tisse lif+a far+a+d, +tonne cum+a+d heo +t+ar son+a +tam       #
sawle to h+alpe &
to bur+gene & heom scyld+a+t wi+d hearde stane, +tt is deofel,  #
+tt heo n+afre
+at +tam ne spurne+d; ac +ta englas heald+a+t heom wi+d his     #
yfel &
wi+d his ni+tes grymnesse. +Da andswerede Crist +tam            #
awari+gede gaste
& cw+a+d to him, 'Hit is iwriten, +tt mon ne sceal              #
ofer[{h{]i+gendlice his
Drihten God fondi+an.' Hw+at! Crist mihte ea+de mid ane worde
+tenne deofel senden on ece lure, +gif he him his godcund+an    #
mihte
cu+ten wolde; ac he to him +tuldelice spec & hine ofercom mid
mennisce rihtwisnesse, na mid +tam anwealde his godcundnesse.
Ac he us +ta bysene onstealde +tt we sceolon yfelr+a
mann+a hate & heora ni+t+as +duldelice forber+an, & symle       #
Godes boc+a
teachunge +georne fyl+gean. Eft +te deofel nam +tonne H+alend   #
& l+adde
hine on ane swi+de heahne dune & sceawede him alles             #
midd+aneardes
rice & his blisse. Witerlice n+as Criste nohte wur+d +tisses    #
middeneardes
rices ne +tysses witi+gend+an wuldres +tissere weorlde bihyd
o+ter forstolen, ac he alle ricen, +a+g+ter +ge heofenlice +ge  #
eor+tlicen,
wiss+a+d, & alle isceaft+a on his weald h+af+d, & heom alle     #
+after his
will+an recc+a+d & styre+d. Ac +te deofel h+afde +teah mid      #
leasunge
+turh his syncrefte middaneardes murh+te & all weorldlice       #
fe+gernesse
tog+adere +athiwod. +Teah hit +denne allung+a mon w+are +te     #
him +t+are
wi+d speke, +tenne mihte he +teah alle weorldlice fe+gernesse   #
togadere
iseon +tur+d deofles hywunge; for +tam +de +de deofel m+a+g     #
fel+a +ting+a
dwymorlice hywi+an before monn+a ea+gum, +tonne him ilyfed      #
bi+d.
<P 104>
Hwilon he sceaw+a+d hine seluen on engles hywe & bi+d           #
+teahwe+dere
awari+ged gast swa swa he +ar w+as. +Da cw+a+d +te deofel to    #
Criste,
'Alle +tas +ding ic +te +gyfe & sylle, gyf +tu wult fallen to   #
mine fotum
& wurh+gi+an me.' El+a! hw+at +alc +tare monn+a sarlice         #
+gefalle+d +te
hine nu to deofle +geeadmode+t! Nis nan mon +tt +afre +tam      #
deofle +georne
ihyre, +tt he +aft +at him +te b+atere are finden ma+ge; ac     #
+afre swa he
him nu +geornere here+d, swa he eft him grimmere wur+d, a +tt   #
he hine
on ende on ecere yrm+te bring+a+d. +Ta cw+a+d Crist to +tam     #
deofle,
'Ga heonne [{on{] hinderling, +tu awari+ged+a sceocc+a;         #
so+dlice hit is
iwrit+an; +tt mon sceal to Drihten ane him bidd+an, & him ane
+teowi+an.' +Ta sy+d+an weron deofles miht+a on hinderling      #
afulled, &
Cristes lare w+as a sy+d+an waxende +geond +t+asne middaneard,  #
+arest
+turh him syluen, & sy+dan +turh his apostolas & +turh +ta      #
hali+ge
lar+teow+as +te sy+don w+aren. Crist cw+a+d +tt mon sceal to    #
Gode
Almihti+g ane biddan & him ane +teowian. So+tlice ne sceole we  #
us
bidd+an na+tor ne to englum ne to o+tre hali+ge monnum, buton   #
to
ure Drihtne ane +te +te is so+d God. Ac we sceolen +teah        #
+alcne Godes
hal+ge bidd+an to fultume, & to +tingunge, & +teahhw+a[{+t{]re  #
to nan
o+dre us ne biddan, buton to +tam ane +te is so+d God. +Da      #
forlet +te
deofel +tene H+alend & aw+a+g awat; & engles him sone           #
neahl+acedon & 
him seruedon. On +tis we ma+gen openlice under+gyten ure        #
H+alendes
cynde, +tt he is +a+g+der +ge so+d God +ge so+d mon. Iwislice   #
ne durste +te
deofel fondien hine, +gif he ful +geare ne cneow+a +tt he       #
w+are so+d mon;
ne eac him engl+as ne +tenedon, +gif he n+are so+d God. Ofte    #
si+t+as
hit ilamp, & nu +gyt de+t, +tt engl+as beo+d ofte hyder on      #
middanearde
isende, monnum to h+alpe & to fultume. Be +tam cw+a+d +te       #
apostol,
'Engl+as beo+d +teiniendlice gastes'; & heo beo+d hider on      #
middanearde
isende to +teini+gen all+a +tam monnum +te nu earni+an          #
wyll+a+d mid
gode weorcum +tt heo to +t+are eadi+gnesse, +te ece is, bicumen #
moten.
Mucel is +teo wur+dscipe +te God Almihti+g us haf+d i+gyfen,    #
gif we moten
beon his bearn icw+adene & engle ilice, +gif we nu his bodu
heald+an wull+a+d. Uten +gemunen hu +te apostol us munede &     #
t+ahte
& l+arde, & +tus cw+a+d, 'Nu is +te anfenge tid, & nu beo+d +te #
halwende
<P 106>
da+ges,' +tt +alc mon m+a+g him seolfen +tt ece lif earni+an    #
mid ure Drihtne,
+gif he his lif rihtlice libb+an wule +after lar+teow+as        #
t+acinge. Ne
sceole we nenne mon byl+gen, l+as +te ure bene ne beo noht; ac  #
on alle
+tinge +gearwie we us sylfe swa swa Godes +teines, +tt is       #
+arest on mucele
+tulde, & on dr+afednesse, & on hali+ge w+acce, & on festene,   #
& on
cl+annesse, & on +tolemodnesse, & on cl+ane +tonce, & on so+de  #
lufe
Godes & monn+a. +Tas m+a+gnu l+ade+t +t+as monnes sawle on      #
heofene
rice +te heom on him h+af+d. So+dlice hit w+as iboden & ihaten  #
on
+tare ealde +a +tt ylc mon sceolde +afre embe twelf mon+de      #
+tone teo+de
d+al his weorld+aht+a Gode syllen; & hit is nu eac on +tare     #
niw+a
la+ge +after boc+a t+acinge rihtlic & Gode cw+amlic to donne.   #
Gif hit
+tonne hwylcum men on his mode to earfo+tlic & to unea+telic    #
+tynce,
tylie he +tt he hyre +tone teo+te d+al his dage for Gode        #
feste. Hw+at
we witen +tt on twelf mon+te beo+d +treo hundred da+g+a & fif   #
& sixti+g
da+ge, & six tid+a; & +tisses festenes is twea & feowerti+g     #
da+gene: & +gif
we +ta six sunenda+g+an of ado+t, +te we sw+asendo on           #
habb+a+t, +tonne
ne beo+d +t+ar buton six ant +tritti+g da+gene +t+as            #
f+astenes, +tonne bi+d +tt
+te teo+te d+al +tare twelf mon+te. Swa hwylc mon swa wule on
ylce tid heardlice & forwyrnedlice libb+an, +te bi+d            #
fulfremed. Gyf
hit +tonne hwylcum men to earfo+tlice +tince, tilie he +tenne   #
+tt he hure
+tis f+asten selost feste, +a+g+ter +ge on psealmsonge - +te    #
+te +d+at cunne, -   
+ge on +almesd+ade, +ge on hal+ge bedum, & w+accum, & on +alce  #
+t+are
gode, +te he for Gode to gode don ma+ge: +tt we alle moten on   #
+tis hali+ge
tid +a+g+ter +ge for God+a +ge for weorlde +te bli+telycor      #
lybb+an, +tam
Drihtne fultumiende, +te +de leof+a+d & rix+a+d aa on           #
ecenesse. Amen.  

<Q MX/1 IR HOM BOD12>
<N BOD HOM 12>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 124>
[} [\XII\] }]

   Ic eow bidde, leofe men, +tt swa ofte swa +ge faren bi       #
ricre monn+a
burines +tt +ge sceawi+an & asme+gen hw+ar heor+a w+alan beo+d  #
bicumene,
& heore gold, & heore +te+genscyp+as, & heore worldprude
+t+are ydelnesse. Hwi! nyte +ge +tt all +tt tofar+a+d &         #
toglit, swa swa
monnes sceadu d+a+t? & heore world+trym, swa rice,              #
+gedw+ascte, &
+gedwan, & aidlode, & afulode? Ac loca +tenne on +ta buri+gnes  #
& s+a+g
to +te sylfum, 'Hw+at! +t+as mon iu on +tissre worlde           #
wunsumlice
lyfede +te ic +ar cu+de.' +Tenne ma+gon +ta +dyrle ban us       #
l+aren, & +t+as
deaden dust of +tre buri+gnes to us cw+a+don wolden, +gif heo   #
specen
mihten, 'To hwan, +tu earme, on +tisse worlde +gytsungum        #
swinces?
o+der to hwam +tu on oferhydo +te sylf up ah+afst on            #
ofermetto, & on
un+teawes, & sunne to swy+de fyli+gedest? Beheald me, & onscyne
+tine yfel+a +tonc+as, & on+git +te sylfum! Sceawe mine ban     #
her on
+tissere molde, & bi+teng +te sylfen! Iu ic w+as swylc +tu nu   #
eart,
& +gyt +tu iwur+d+ast swulc ic nu eom. Geseoh mine ban & mi     #
dust
& forl+at +tine yfele lust+as.' +Tenne, leofe men, +teah +te    #
+da deade
ban of +tare buri+gnes specon ne ma+gon, +teah we ma+gen us     #
sylf+an bi
+tam l+aren: for +tam +te we sceolen +afre +gemunen +t+as ures  #
heonensi+tes,
& we n+afre +aft ne wend+a+t hider on worlde, +tt we +ani+g     #
god don,
ac +tenne beo+d +ta edlean & +ta +ar idone weorc isceawod.      #
Be+tence
we eac +afre +tone ended+a+g +tissre worlde, +tt is domes       #
d+a+g, +tonne
Drihten mid +tam heofenlice weredo [{hali+gr+a{] & engl+a       #
+tisne midd+aneard
s+ac+d to weane & to wrace synfulle monnum, & eac hali+ge       #
monnum
his fultum to bringenne. +Tenne aris+a+t of +tam ealde          #
buri+gnes alle +ta
lichame & +ta ban, +te f+ale +geare +ar deade on swefete        #
l+a+gen & mid synn+a
deopnysse ifestnode w+aren. & +tenne aris+a+t all moncynn       #
tog+adere,
& heo +tenne iseo+d +tas world sweli+gende, mid fure            #
brastlende &
b+arnende, ant +tone heahroder on reade li+geum; & all
+t+as middaneard by+d mid fure ar+ared. +Tonne cym+d +te        #
so+dfest+a
dem+a of heofen+as wolcnu[{m{] , & he by+d ymb+trung+an mid     #
+tam
heofenlice weredo; & +tenne beo+d alle ig+ader+ade +te          #
so+df+aste & +ta
<P 126>
synfull+a +atforen +t+as strecen demen heahsetle, & Drihten     #
heom
+tonne scead+a+t on twa healf+a. & he s+at +ta so+dfest+a on    #
+tam
swi+dere healfe, & +ta synfulle on +tam wunstren healfe, & he   #
+tenne
s+a+d to +ta[{m{] so+dfest+an, 'Cume+d, +ge iblesode, on        #
+tenne roderlice 
+a+tel,
& +t+ar symle wuni+a+d, & on blisse, & on murh+de efne englen   #
ilice
& +tider +ge beo+d ibrohte mid muri+ge lofsongum, & +t+ar +ge   #
beo+d mid
me wuniende on heofene rice murh+te on eower Drihtines ansyne;
+t+ar eow nan wi+derweardnes ne der+a+d, ac on sundfulnesse     #
+t+as
brihte lihtes +ge +t+ar bli+te wuni+a+d, for +tam +te +ge       #
lustlice mine +a &
mine lare heolden, & alle +te +ding +te ic eow bead to          #
healden. Alle
ic heom eft iseah last on eowre gode weorcum, swa ic heom +ar
s+ade.' +Tenne sy+d+d+an bisih+d Drihten to +tam synfull+an     #
monnum &
+tus to heom cw+a+d, 'Gewit+a+t, +ge awari+gede, from me on     #
+tane
mycele +a+dm, & on +t+ane ece brune, & on +tene bittr+a +trosm  #
h+alles
fures, +t+ar +te lei+g re+telice b+arne+d, & +t+ar +ta drac+an  #
+ta synfullen
ter+a+d mid heor+a to+tum. & +t+ar +ta scyldi+ge b+arn+a+t, &   #
+ta wurm+as
heom mid weallende mu+des forswol+ge+d; & heor+a ansyne bi+d    #
+t+ar
mid teares oferfleowen, & +t+ar bi+d e+geslic to+dene grind; &  #
+t+ar
n+afre ne ateor+a+d +teo swearte niht, ne +teo +tystre dymnes,  #
ne heom
+t+ar nefre ne bi+d isceawed lihtes leome: for +tam +te +ge     #
mine lare on
eowre mode oferho+goden, & +ge, recelease, nolden mine bodu     #
healdon.'
+Tenne +after +tam +te +ta manfulle beo+d isceofene wepende on  #
+tt ece
fyr, +t+ar heo on pine & on ece yrm+te wuni+a+d, heo iseo+d     #
+tare
so+dfestr+a & engl+a murh+de & is+ali+ge monn+a hwit werod      #
heri+gende
ure Drihten. & +ta +d+ar cume+d +te her man wrohten & Godes     #
lare
iheren nolden. Heo beo+d bisencede on +ta hate li+g+as +t+ar    #
heo
+trowi+a+d on ecere seore+ge. +Tenne far+a+t +ta hali+ge men &  #
+ta
so+tfeste mid swe+ge to life, ant samod si+ti+a+d mid engl+a    #
werod to
+tam upplice rice, +t+ar heo bli+te wuni+a+d on ece             #
eadi+gnesse; & heo
n+afre ne beo+d isceadde fram +tare ece murh+de. +Tenne is us   #
mucel 
neod, leofe men, +tt we Godes bodu +georne healden & earni+an   #
+tt we
moten mid heofenwar+a lifes brucen, & +tt we ne weor+t+an       #
aweorpen
<P 128>
on +ta deopest+a helles grunde. For +tam +te we iseo+d +tis     #
l+ane lif
mid fr+acednesse & mid mycele earfo+dnesse ifulled, & ylce      #
d+a+g +tis
lif won+a+d & wurs+a+d; & na lifiende mon ne +turhwune+d on     #
+tisse
weorlde, ne nan eft to lafe ne wur+d. Al moncyn is ilice on     #
+tas
weorld icenned, +teah heore lif beo sy+d+d+an unilic; & heo     #
+aft on
ende alle +gewit+a+d. Ne nan swa longe her on weorlde ne        #
leofa+d, +tt
eft +te dea+t hine ne +genime, & +ta modi+g+an & +ta            #
oferhudi+gen dea+tes
gneornung grip+d. & +tt heo her for Godes lufe syllen nolden    #
heor+a
sawle to h+alpe, heo hit r+adlice forl+ate+d, & o+dre +terto    #
fo+d, +ta heo
for Criste hit let+an nolden, +ta hwile +te heo lifedon. Ac
+tenne +te dea+t cym+a+d, +tenne sceolen heo forl+aten heor+a   #
+aht+a
heor+a un+danc+as, & heo his +tenne nan +ting nabb+a+d. Ylce    #
d+a+g +tis
andwearde lif won+a+d +te we lufi+a+d, ac +ta pine ne woni+a+d  #
+tam
monnum +te heom nu +after earni+a+d. Uton we +tenne, leofe men,
+tas +ting alle +gemunen & i+tencean +tt +t+at mennisce         #
lichame is swa
blowende wurten, +te for +tare sunn+a h+ate fordru+gi+a+d &     #
forscrinc+a+d.
Swa eac +t+as monnes +geo+ge+t+a & fe+gernes d+a+t. +Tenne
+teo +alde on him si+g+a+d mid unh+ale, all +tare +geo+ge+de    #
fe+gernes awe+g
awit & forwur+d. Ac Cristes ansyne is to lufi+genne ofer alle   #
o+dre
+ting mucele swi+dor +tenne +tes lichames +geo+g+a+dhad. Ac     #
habb+a+t
eowre heorte on +tisse eor+tlice +gewinne & earni+a+t eow +tt   #
heofenlice
rice, +t+ar is ece eadi+gnesse; +t+ar eald ne grane+d, ne       #
child ne
scr+ame+d. Ne bi+d +t+ar +turst, ne hungor, ne wop, ne teo+de   #
+gegrind,
ne mor+ter, ne man; ne +t+ar nan ne sw+alt+a+d, for+tam +de     #
+t+ar
ne by+d nan acenned; ne +ter ne by+d sar, ne seore+g+a, ne nan
longing, ne unlustes +gewin. Ac +t+ar is +t+as hest+an kynges   #
kynerice,
& +t+ar wuni+a+t alle +ta +te Godes bodu heolden on ece         #
murh+de;
& heo d+a+ghwamlice +tene heofenlice kyng bli+dne iseo+d, &     #
heo mid
him & mid his hal+gan libb+a+t, & rix+a+d a on eccenesse.       #
Hw+at we
ma+gen bi +tissum under+gyt+an & icnawon +tt +te Almihti+g      #
Drihten nele
+tt mon his +gefen+a n+anne +tanc nyte. Ne +tearf us na         #
tweo+gean +tt he
us n+ale eft +tare l+ana mune+gi+an +t+as +te he us her on      #
weorlde to
<P 130>
forl+at. +Afre swa he us merlucor +gyf+d, swa we him swi+de
+tonci+an sceolen; & swa +trymlicor ar, swa beo +t+ar mar+a     #
eadmodnesse.
+Tam +de Drihten mycel syl+t, myceles he him eft +at bidd+a+t;
& +tam +te he her on worlde mucel to forl+ate+t, mucel he to    #
+tam eft
sece+d. +A+gh[{w{]ylc heah ar her on worlde bi+d mid            #
frecednesse bewunden;
& swa +teo ar bi+d mare, swa beo+t +ta frecednesse swi+dr+an.
Be +tam we wull+a+d eow sume bysne s+acgen: +tt treow +te       #
weaxe+d
on +tam wude be ar up ofer alle +ta o+dre treon, & hit +tenne   #
fering+a
strang wind wi+dstont, +tenne bi+d hit swi+dor iw+a+ged &       #
iswenced
+tene +te o+der wud+a. Eac +ta heah+g+a torr+as & clif+as +te   #
hea+g+a
stond+a+t ofer alle o+tre eor+d+a, heo eac +te mare rune        #
nim+a+d, +gyf heo
fering+a to eor+de f+all+a+t. Swy[{l{]ce eac +ta hea+g+a        #
munt+as & dun+a +ta
+de hea+ge stond+a+t & torri+a+d ofer alne midd+aneard;         #
+teahhw+a+dere
heo habb+a+d wite +t+as ealderdomes, +tt heo beo+d mid          #
heofenlice fure
i+tread & i+treste, & mid li+ge tosla+gene. Swa eac +ta         #
hea+g+a miht+a
her on worlde f+all+a+d & dros+a+d & to lure wur+d+a+t. &       #
+tisre weorlde
wel+a wur+d+a+t to sore+g+a. +Teah we us scryd+an mid +tam      #
r+adeste
golde & mid +tam hwiteste seolfre, & we mid +tam fe+gereste     #
+gymstanes
all uten embihangene beon, +teah +te mon sceal ece ende
abid+an; & +teah +ta mihti+ge men & +ta ricost+an haten heom    #
r+aste
wurcean of marmanstane & of goldfretewum, & heom haten mid
+gymmum & mid seolfrene ruwum +tt bed al wreon, & mid
+te deorewur+deste godewebbe al uton ymbhon, - +teah cyme+d +te
bitter dea+t & tod+ale+t all +tt. +Tenne beo+d +ta wel+an &     #
+ta glen+g+a
a+gotene, & +te +trym tobrocen & +ta +gymm+as toglidene, & +tt  #
gold
tosceaken, & +te lichame todroren & to dyste iwordon. For +tam  #
nis
+tissere weorlde wlite noht, ne +tisses middaneardes            #
fe+gernes, ac 
he is hwilwendlic, & feallendlic, & brosnodlic, & drosendlic, &
brocenlic, & yfellic, & forwordenlic. Swa swa ricu beo+d her on
worlde. Hw+ar beo+d +t+a rice caseres, & +ta kyng+as, +te we    #
iu cu+t+an?
Hw+ar beo+d +ta ealdormen +te boden setten? Hw+ar is domer+a
domselt? Hw+ar beo+d heor+a ofermedo, buton mid molde be+teaht,
<P 132>
& on wite wr+ace[{n{] ? Wa by+d weorldscryftum buton heo mid    #
rihte
r+aden & t+ac+an. Swa bi+d eac +tam l+aw+ade monnum, buton heo
heore scriffte lusten & hear+an, & +ta hali+ge lare healden.    #
Hw+ar com
middaneardes +gestreon? Hw+ar com weorlde welen? Hw+ar com
folce fe+gernes? Hw+ar comen +ta men +te +geornlucost eahte     #
tyloden,
& o+trum eft yrfe l+afden? Swylc bi+d +teo oferlufe eor+tlice   #
+gestreon+a.
Efne heo bi+d smeke ilic, o+d+de r+an+as scur+as, +tonne heo
of heofenne swi+dost reose+d, & ra+te eft toglidene wur+d+a+t;  #
& cym+d
+tenne f+a+ger w+ader & brihte sunn+a. Swa wace & swa tealte    #
beo+d
eor+dlice dreames, & swa wace beo+d eaht+a mid monnum. Swa bi+d
tod+aled lichame & sawle, +tenne heo bi+d of +tam lichame       #
il+a+d; &
bi+d sy+d+d+an ful uncu+t hu +te deme embe +ta sawle wule.      #
+Denne
nis us nan +ting b+atere ne s+alre, buton +tt we lufien ure     #
Drihten
mid alle mode, & mid alle m+a+gne, & mid alle in+tonc+a. Swa    #
hit bi
+tam iwriten is, '+Te +de his Drihten luf+a+d, & his bene to    #
him sende+t,
he iher+a+d him eafre, & his mildse on him sende+t.' Swa Crist  #
sylf
s+ade, '+Ta +de to me cerr+a+d from heor+a gylt+as, & heor+a    #
synn+a
andedt+a+d on mine nome, & d+adbote do+t mid f+astene & mid     #
teare
gute, & mid cl+ane +gebedum & mid +almes, - ic +geate heom      #
mine milse;
& sylle heom for+gefenesse, & alyfe heom mine rice, & to        #
heofene w+a+g
t+ache, +t+ar beo+d alle gode, & +teo singale blis, & +teo      #
mucele mede.
Ic sylle for +tisse eor+tlice swinke +t+a heofenlice reste, &   #
for +tisse
l+ane rice, +ta heofenlice +gife; & for +tissum earme life,     #
+tt eadi+g & +tt
+a+g[{e{]endlice rice.' Eal+a, iseli+ge beo+d +ta men +te +tt   #
rice lufi+a+d; &
unl+ade beo+d +ta +de him wi+dsac+a+d. Hw+at frem+a+t +tam      #
men, +teah
he al midd+aneard on his a+gene +aht istreone, +gif +te deofel  #
nim+a+t eft
his sawle? O+d+de hw+at, +teah he libbe her on life a +tusend   #
wintr+a?
Al hit bi+d him unnyt, +gyf he +after his dea+te bi+d into      #
h+alle il+add,
& +t+ar on pine wun+a+d a buton ende. Uton we wenden us nu to
+tam beter+a & cerr+an to ure Drihten, & him +georne iher+an,   #
& his
bodum healdon. & secea we ure chyrce+an mid cl+annesse, & +t+ar
+georne lyst+an +tare hal+g+a lare. & +terinn+a nane spece ne   #
sp+aken,
buton +tt we mid stilnesse ure bedu sing+an, & earni+an us +tt  #
uplice
rice. +T+ar is Kynges +trym isyne, & +t+ar is fe+ger engl+a     #
werod, &
<P 134>
apostola song, & Godes lof, & +t+as heahsten kynges herung.     #
+Ter +ta
so+dfeste men scin+a+d swa sunne, & men rixi+a+d swa engl+as on
heofene rice. We beo+d ihatene & ila+dode to +tam hali+ge hame  #
& to
+tam kynelice fri+dstole, +t+ar +de Almihti+g Drihten leof+a+d  #
ant rix+a+d
mid alle his hal+g+an a abuten ende. Amen. 



<B CMLAMBET>
<Q MX/1 IR HOM LAMB1>
<N LAMB HOM 1>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  LAMBETH HOMILIES.
OLD ENGLISH HOMILIES AND HOMILETIC
TREATISES... OF THE TWELFTH
AND THIRTEENTH CENTURIES.
FIRST SERIES.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 29, 34.
ED. R. MORRIS.
NEW YORK, 1969 (1868).
PP. 3.1   - 11.7   (I)    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 25.19 - 41.7   (III)
PP. 41.8  - 47.11  (IV)
PP. 73.1  - 77.27  (VII)  (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 79.1  - 85.32  (VIII)
PP. 139.6 - 145.6  (XIV)
PP. 145.7 - 149.30 (XV)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 3>
[} [\I.\] }]

[} [\ (\IN DOMINICA PALMARUM.\) \] }]

   (\Quum appropinquasset ihesus ierosolimam & cetera.\) Gode
men hit is an heste dei to dei +te is on .xxi. mon+te +tis
godspel sed hu +te helend nehlechede to-ward ierusalem +tare
burh to dei mid his apostles and ec mid o+tere floc manna
+ta he com to +tere dune (\oliueti\) his ihaten +ta sende he is #
 .ii.
leornicnihtes and o+ted to heom God in +tane castel +tet is     #
on+gein
eou and +ge finded redliche +tar ane asse +ge-bunden mid
hire colt unbinded heo and leaded heo to me. +gif eniman seid
eawiht to eou segged +tet lauerd haued +tar-of neode and
redliche heo leted fere +ter-mid. (\Euntes autem discipuli
fecerunt sicut precepit illis ihesus & cetera.\) +Ta apostles   #
eoden
and dedeun alswa +te helende heom het heo nomen +te asse and
here colt and ledden to him and heo duden heore cla+tes huppon
+te asse fole and ure drihten seod+tan rad +ter-on uppen toward
ierusalem +ta wes hit cud ouer al +te burh +tet +te helind wes
+tiderward. heo urnen on-+gein him al +ta hebreisce men mid
godere heorte and summe mid ufele +teonke. Moni of +tan
floc manna +te ear+ton fulieden ure drihten and ec +ge-leafulle
of +tere burh heo nomen heore cla+tes and +te beste +tat heo
hefde and strehiten under +ta assa fet +ter drihten rad inne    #
+te
<P 5>
weye. him to luue and heri+ginge +ta o+dre men +te reil nefden
heo sti+gen uppeon +te godes cunnes treowe and nomen +ta twigga
and +ta blostme and duden under +te assa fet and bistreweden
al +tane weye him to wur+tscipe and al +te hebreisce folc +te
eode efter him and biuoren him sungun +tisne lofsong hehliche
to heringe and cwe+ten. (\Osanna filio dauid benedictus qui
uenit in nomine domini.\) +tet is he is iblesced +te +te her    #
cumet
on drihtenes nome. +Tus ha hine hereden a +te +te rad in et
+tan est +gete +tere burh +tet +get me hat. (\Speciosa porta.\) #
+tet his   
+tet faire +get me hat hit and seod+tan +te cristindom wes;     #
nefre
ouer .xii. mon+te nis hit undon bute to dei al +tat folc eode
+tar ford to processiun to munte (\oliueti\) ; and in al swa.   #
Nu
leoue bro+dre nu ic eou habbe +tet godspel iseid anfaldeliche   #
nu
scule +ge understonden twafaldeliche +tet hit bi-tacnet. +ge
iherden er on +te godspel hu ure drihten sende his .ii.         #
apostles
petrum and iohannem on-+gein +tene castel +tet heo unbunden
+tat assa and hire fole mid hire. and hu hure drihten set uppen
+da assa fole. Leoue bro+dre and sustre +ge hi hered hu muchel
edmodnesce ure drihten dude for us. he mihte ridan +gif he
walde on riche stede and palefrai and mule and arabisz nalde
he no. na for+ton uppon +ta muchele assa a+gc uppon +ta lutthle
fole +tat +get hit wes sukinde ne ber hit nes nefre nane        #
bur+dene
ne hit nes nefere ifuled of nane o+dre assa. In swa muchele
edmodnesse godalmihti hine dude for us and ec sette us bisne
+ta+g habbe wele to ouer stohwennesse on +tisse liue ne beo +tu
+tereuore prud ne wilde ne sterc ne wemod ne ouer modi ah
+tes +te we heoueden mare wele on +tisse liue. +tes we ahte to
beon +te edmoddre. and +ta mare imete al swa hit ure wele
nere and +tonkien hit ure drihten +te hit us lende and don
+tan monna +terof +tat hit nabbet. Godemen +ta +ge-leafule
ebreisce folc eoden and streweden mid twigan in drihtenes
weye +ter he rad. +ta hit wes ifullet +tet ysaias +te prophete
iwitegede ueale hund wintra er +tis were and cwed.
   (\Parate uiam domini rectas facite semitas eius.\) Rede+d up
drihtenes wei and makiet his weo+ges rihte. +Tet tacnet +tet we
sulen habben ure heorte and habben godne ileafe to ure drihten.
<P 7>
+te wite+ga het +tet we sculde makien his sti+ges +tenne make   #
we
ham rihte +gef we haldet his beode and +gef we beod under sod
scrifte and god fructe +turh-ut of alle +tinge. and we luuien   #
ure
efrec o+der us bi-twenen swa we weren bro+dre and sustre and
+gif we +tonkiet ure drihten alles +tinges +te he us sent. +tet
gode and +tet ufele. +gif we +tis do+d; +tenne make we rihte    #
and
clene godes weies and his sties +tet god almihti mei riden on.
+gif we +tis do+d +tenne wunet god almihti in us. Al swa ic er
cwet hu hure drihten rad to ierusalem +tat ebreisce folc sungen
heore leof song ure helende to wur+dinge summe hit sungen
+turh +tene halie gast walden heo naldden heo and +ta children
plo+geden in +tere strete heriende ure drihten and cwe+ten.     #
(\Osanna
filio dauid.\) +tis wite+gede dauid +te +te salm scop in +te    #
saltere
muchel erd+ton +ta wile he liuede and cwet. (\Ex ore infancium
& lactancium.\) +tis he wite+gede bi drihtene +turh +tene       #
halie gast.
Drihten +tu dest +te lof of milc drinkende childre mu+de wu
warpest +tene alde feont for +tine feonden and +tine feond +tu  #
biscildest.
Nu we wulle+d seggen mare wet +tis godspel itacnet
+te castel +te wes a+geines drih[{t{]nes twa leornikenehtes;    #
he bi-tacnet
+teos world is whilende and ontful and swi+de lewe. and         #
swincful
Ne swincke +tu nefre swa muchel; a hit bi+d undon and
misliche wederes comet o+der while. and unfrit. and hunger.
and licome un-hele al for ure gulte and +tenne +tu wenest +tet
+tu scalt libben alre best. +tenne gest +tu for+d and o+der     #
cumed for+ti
ne litmie namon to swi+de to +tisse liue. al heo us truket
+ter we lest wenet. Ne we ne beo+d iboren for to habbene nane
prudu ne for+de nane o+dre rencas ah we beo+d on +tisse liue    #
for
to ernien +ta eche blisse in houeneriche. +Ge habbet iherd hu
god almihti sende his apostles o+gein +tene castel efter +te    #
assa
fole +te wes ibunden and seo+dan un-bunden. +ta apostles        #
itacned
+ta leorneres +tet beo+d +ta wise witega +te beo+d nu ouer +te  #
halie
chirche and libbed gastliche heore lif heo sullen eure          #
un-binden
godes folc from +tam deofle and heom seggen godes lore hu
heo sculen leden heore lif and ernien +ta eche blisse mid ibede
and mid scrifte to betende mid festene and mid elmesse and
bidden for heom deies and nihtes +tet crist heom milcie of      #
heore
<P 9>
misdede. +Tat assa itacned +te chirche o+der +te sinagoga heo   #
wes
ibunden on +ta ealde la+ge and nu+da heo is unbunden in +tisse
newe la+ge. Godemen wite +ge hwet +tes sinagoge on +tam alde
la+ge ere crist were iboren alswa hefden +te giwis heore        #
sinagoge
efter moises la+ge alswa we habbet nu chirche efter drihtenes
la+ge and efere to +tam setteres dei heo comen +ta iudeisce     #
folc
to settes tima to +tan sinagoge and hereden heore drihten swa
heore la+ge wes. +Tat wes heore sunedei and bet heo heolden
heore wur+ding dei +tene we do+d and +get do+d +ter +te heo     #
beo+d.
leofemen alle +ta ileafulle iudeisce men +te heolden wel heore
la+ge and hersumeden heore drihten her he come on +tisse
middelerd heo weren iclipet synagoge al swa is nu iclepet al
cristen folc. +ta ilke +ta haldet cristes heste. +Ta assa +te   #
wes
ibunden and seod+dan unbunden +tet itacned +te sinagoge +te wes
ibunden on +tan alde la+ge. +tet wes al +tet ileafule folc of   #
iudeus
heo weren strongliche ibunden er ure drihten come to +tisse
liue. heo heofden od+dre la+ge +tenne we habbet. +Tet wes +ta
la+ge +ta ilke wrake +te ic dude +te; +tu scoldest don me and   #
+gef
+tu sungedest to-ward +tine drihtene and me hit mihte witen
nou+ter gold ne seoluer ne moste gan for +te. ac me +te sculde
nimen and al to-teon mid horse o+der +te al to-toruion mid
stane. for-+ti leofe bre+dre hit is muchel neot +tet we         #
+tonkien
ure drihten +ta haued +ta stronge ealde la+ge auulsed mid +tere
newe. Nu ne +terf na mon his sunne mid wite abuggen
bute towar[{d{] crist ane mid scrifte swa him his preost lered
al swa his festen. +te swi+de ouerkimet +tes flesces wlongnesse
and chuc +gong and god to donne +teruore monie and feole
o+dre godere werke +te nu were long eou to telle. A. hu +tenne
+gif hwa is swa sunful and mid deofle biuon +tet nulle for his
ouer-mo+d. o+der for his prude. o+der his fule heorte wil his
scrift ihalden. +tenne segge ic eou to so+de +tet nis hit nan   #
+terf
+tet me her on +tisse liue for his saule bidde pater noster. ne
messe singe ne nan o+der god don. A. hu scolde o+dermonnes
goddede comen him to gode +te nefre on +tisse liue nanes godes
ne rohte; A. hwa is +tet mei +tet hors wectrien +te him self    #
nule
drinken; Na ma ne mei me her god don for +tere saule +te
<P 11>
on +tisse liue god bi-+ginnen nalde. Muchel is us +tenne neod
leoue bre+dren wet we on +tisse middelerd liuien sod scrift and
swi+de adreden ure monifolde sunne. and +gerne bidden ure
milciende drihten +tet he us leue swa libben on +tisse scorte
liue +tet we moten heonene feren to +tan echeblisse +te hon
wunet. +te feder. and +te sune. and +te halie gast a buten      #
ende.
(\per omnia secula seculorum amen.\) 

<Q MX/1 IR HOM LAMB3>
<N LAMB HOM 3>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 25>
[} [\III.\] }]

[} [\ (\DOMINICA PRIMA IN QUADRAGESIMA.\) \] }]

   [{I{]n leinten time uwilc mon ga+d to scrifte; +ter beo+d    #
summe 
+te mare herm is +te ga+d al swa ic nu+te eow tellen wulle.
He sei+d mi+d +ta mu+de +tet nis naut in his heorte. ic wulle   #
gan 
to scrifte for scome alswa do+d o+der men. +gif ic forlete +te
preost me walde eskien on ester dei hwa me scriue er he me
+gefe husul and ec for monne weordes +dinge. he ne gad naut to
scrifte al swa do+d o+der men. Ah al swa he do+d swa +te swica
+te bi-swike+d hine seolfe on-ende and bi+d al swa is an eppel
iheowe+d. he bi+d wi+d-uten feire and frakel wi+d-innen. Awah
+tet he efre wulle +tristelechen o+der bi-+tenchen mid his fule
heorte +te heo wulle underfon swa he+g +ting and swa hali swa
is cristes licome in his sunfulle buke. and wene+d +tet hit     #
wulle
<P 27>
him helpen; Neiso+dliche nawiht ah +tenne +te preost hit de+d   #
in
his mu+te. +tenne cume+d drihtenes engel and binime+d +ta       #
halinesse
mid him toward heouene riche. +tet +ter bilef+d in his mu+de.
ah +gif eni mon hit muste isean. he mahte iseon ane berninde
glede +tet hine al for-berna+d +turut to cole. Leofemen +gif    #
+tu
ert swi+de for-gult wi+d +tine eor+dliche lauerd he +te wule    #
forbeode
of his e+gane on siht. and ec +tu ne derst cumen bi-foren
him fore +tine gulte. Hu der +te wrecche mon underfon drihtenes
fleis and his blod in his licome. hu derst +tu mon +ter         #
on-+gein
underfon drihtenes [{fleis{] and his blod in +tine licome imong
+tan unwreste sunne and ec imong +tan deofle +te wune+d in him.
Mare hit him de+d to herme +tenne to gode for hit hine ti+d
to +tan bittre de+de to helle mare +tenne to +tan eche liue.    #
Swa
longe +te deofle wuna+d swa inne +te sunfulle men a +tet he     #
hine 
haue+d al ifonded to his wille +turhut. and +te deofel +tet to  #
so+te
+te rixat in-nan him +tet he nulle nefre forleten his sunne.    #
He 
+ten-che+d +te deofel. +tesne mon ic habbe itaken to mine       #
a+gene
bihof+te. Ma monna ic scolde bi+geten swa bi hulche monna 
sei+d drihten in his spelle. +ta he +tus cwe+tt (\Cum inmundus  #
spiritus
exierit ab homine ambulat per uia[{s{] inaquosa[{s{] querens    #
requiem
& non inuenit\) +te unclene gast +te ge+d him of +tan sunfulle  #
mon 
and ge+d him of +tan stude to stude. and seche+d reste hwer he
mei wunian. ah he ne mei in nane gode men. for+don +gif he 
bi+d wel iscrifen and godfurht ne +te deofel mey nefre cumen
in-ne him for his gode werkes. +tenne cwe+d he eft. (\Reuertar
in domum meam unde exiui.\) Nu ic mot in +tet ilke hus +tet ic
er wes. and +tenne fera+d he and nime+d him .vii. deofle +te    #
beo+d
muchele wurse +tenne he. heo fere+d swa ic er cwe+d. and        #
wunia+d
in him a mare and swa dreie+d his erme saule in eche pine
to helle grunde. Er+don he nefde bute enne deofel. nu he haue+d
sefene. Nu +tah he walde +ta ufele sunne for-leten; Ne mei he
for +tan deoflan. Ah wulche men ilimpe+d swa ic habbe er
icwe+den; witicrist +tet beo+d +ta men +te ga+d to scrifte mare
for worl[{d{]es scome +tenne for heore sunne to beten; and to
reusi[{e{]n. for hwet wule mon et scrifte bute he wulle for     #
leten
his misdede. and beten. So+dliche +gif +tu wreiest +te seolfen  #
to
<P 29>
+tine scrifte; ne mei +te deofel +te wreienson +tan o+dre       #
liue. for
+te mon +te hele+d his sunne a+disse liue ne siht he nefre      #
almihtin
drihten. ne nawiht of his blisse. Hu maht +tu iseon +tine 
sceadewe in worie watere; Hwet is scrift bute forlete +tene
deofel. and +tine sunne. and bi-rewsien and beten and wepen.
and habben in his +tonke +te he nule nefre mare eft +ge don     #
+teo
sunnen; +te he ge+d to scrifte fore and cumen to +tan preoste
and werian hine seolfe. and cwe+den in his +tonke +tar hi bi+d.
Awah; +tet ic hit efre dude mid mine wrechede licome +tas       #
sunnen.
for godes luue bete+d ower sunnen +ta wile +ge beo+d heren on   #
+tisse
scorte liue. and i+tenche+d hu lutte hw[{i{]le +ge beo+d here.  #
Mid
so+de +tus sei+d +te boc. Rubberes. and +ta reueres. and +ta    #
+teoues.
and +ta mor+dsla+ga. and +gitteres. and +ta eawbrekeres. and    #
+ta
li+geres and +ta wohdemeres and +ta iuguleres. and +ta o+der    #
sottes
alle heo habbe+d an +tonc fulneh. hwet segge+d heo. we moten
idre+gan ure wil +te hwile +te we beo+d +gunge. and eft +tenne  #
we
beo+d eldre bete we hit +tenne weilawei wrecche. +tus cwe+d +te
boc. So+dliche al swa e+da +tu mihtest neoman +tine a+gen wepne
and smiten of +tin a+gen heaue+d. and gan eft to +tin a+gene    #
liche.
hu mahtest +tu gan to +tine a+gene liche +gif +tin hefet were   #
offe;
Nefre. Alswa nauest +tu nefre milce of heofenlic drihten; +gif  #
+tu 
eart inumen in +ton ilke +tonke. on enelpi luttele hwile mon    #
mei
underfon ane wunde on his licome; +tet ne mei beon longe 
hwile hal. And o+der hwile hit is on wane of his hele. +ta      #
lutle
hw[{i{]le +tu ha dest ha +te +tunche+d fulgod. and ful swete.   #
and eft
wite crist heo is ful biter to betene, and o+der hwile hit      #
itit +tet
+tu heo nefre ne ibettest on +tisse liue. hwet wene+d +tas      #
ruperes
and +tas reueres +tet neme+d o+dres monnes eahte mid wohe. +tet
crist heom wulle milcien +tah heo habbe+d inumen and heom
bi-+geten freondscipe et +ton monnen; +tet heo a-gult habbe+d;
nei. hwet +tenche+d heo +tus ic wulle bi-+geten mid wohe. +ta 
hwile ic mei. and seo+dan ic wulle gan to scrifte. and forleten
and festen +ter fore. he haue+d +tes deofles costes. +tet a     #
feste+d and
a de+d uuel. +tus ha +tenche+d +tet heo wulle+d bi+geten; and   #
nawiht 
a+gefen ah so+dliche al he hit mot a+gefen +gif he hit haue+d.  #
and
+gif he hit naue+d a+gefe swa muchel swa he mei and             #
for+geuenesse
<P 31>
weorne bidde et +tan ouereake +tis him wule +tunche swi+de
strong and swi+de scondful +tet he scal al a-+geuen and         #
seod+dan
bisechen milce et +tan ilke monne +te he haue+d er istolen      #
o+der
o+der-weis wa idon. Blu+deliche +te mon wile gan to scrifte and
segge +te preoste +tet he haue+d ireaue+d and istolen. and      #
blu+deliche
he wule herkien. +tet +te preost him lei+d on; ah +tenne +te    #
preost
hine hat a+gefen +ta ehte +ton monne +tet hit er ahte. +tet he  #
nulle
iheren his +tonkes. ah he wile seggen. and foxliche sme+tien    #
mid
worde. Nabbe ic nawiht +ter-of ic hit habbe al ispened +tus     #
sei+d
+tenne +te preost +ter on+gein. God mon nim +tu nu+de of +tin   #
a+gen 
ehte and do +ter on+gein. hit mei ilimpen +tet he wile seggen   #
+tah
ic hefde al +tet ic efre bi+get ne mahtic +gelden swa muchel    #
swa
ic habbe idon to herme. witecrist he mot a+geuen al swa muchel 
swa he mei. for+don moni mon hit walde him for+geuen half o+der
+tridde lot +tenne he ise+ge +tet he ne mahte na mare           #
+ge-for+dian.
Hit mei ilimpen +tet he wile seggen +tam preoste. Lauer+d nat   #
ic
hwer heo beo+d +teo men +te ic +tene herm to dude. Summe beo+d
deade and summe on o+dre stude. ne ic cume to heom nawiht.
So+dliche +tus cwe+te+d +te boc he mot ham isecham. +gif he wat
to so+de +tet heo beo+d liues. and +tene preost he mot isechen  #
+te
hine acursede. +tet he hine iblecie on+gein +tet he hine        #
acursede.
and +gif he nat to so+te +tet heo beo+d liues +ta men ne +te    #
preost;
cume +tenne to +ter ilke chirche +ter er nom +ta ehte. and do
efter +tes preostes rede +te he +ter uinde+d. +te preost him    #
wile
haten +tet he nime +ta ilke ehte o+der his wur+d. and dele hit
wrecche monne o+der to brugge o+der to chirche weorke o+der
on sume stude +ter hit beo+d wel bito+gen for cristes luue. and
for +tene mon +tet hit er ahte. and +ta+get nime bote to        #
criste. +te
ilke +tet is iseli; +tis he wule don. and he his uniseli +gif   #
him
is la+d to donne +tis for+don +te he scal a+gein +geuen awiht.  #
+tus +te
uniselie +tenche+d +tes preost wile habben min ehte mid wohe.
and ne don me nan o+der bote buten a ic scal festen, and +ta 
+get hit were wel god moste ic alunges festen swa +tet ic mine
o+dre go+d al ne fors-spende. Bi +tam men +te +tus +tenche+d.   #
+tus
sei+d +te boc. he wule festen, and eaten. +gif he mei et ane    #
mele
swa muchel swa et twam. So+dliche ne con crist him nenne
<P 33>
+tonc. Ne +tenche +ge herto. Gif +tu me dest woh and wit beon 
anes lauerdes men; ic hit mene to mine lauerde alre erest +tu
me scalt don riht. and seod+dan +te lauerde. witicrist muchele
strengere dom is of godalmihtine. Gif +tu wilt habben           #
for+gefenesse
of +tire misdede to drihten alre erest +tu most habben 
mine freonseipe +gif +tu wi+d me agultes. and seod+dan +tu most
bi+geten milce et +tine drihtene. Tobreoke anes eor+dliches     #
monnes
heste; he wile wre+de wi+d +te. hunfald mare +tu scoldest       #
halden
cristes biheste for +ton he is alra kinge king +te mon +te      #
leie .xii.
mone+d in ane prisune nalde he +gefen al +tet he efre mahte
bi+geten wi+d +tet he moste .xii. beo +der ut of. and +tah +tu  #
leie in 
ane prisune o+der hwile +tu hefdest cla+d to werien. and to     #
etene
and to drinken. +ge so+dliche on cristes prisune nis nan of     #
+tis
sere; +tet is in helle. ah a +ter is waning and graming. and
to+ten grisbating. hunger and +turst. and chele. and feonda
bitinga. and neddre slittinga. wa is him +tet he efre wes       #
iboren
on +tis liue +te +ter scal wunian. For godes luue ga+d to       #
scriffte of 
alla eower sunne. for +tah +ge gan of sunne ower sunne to bote.
and +ge nulle+d forleten hordomes. and +gifernesse and          #
druncnesse.
ne halt nawiht +tat scrift. and +tis beot +ta twa sunne +te men
fulie+d alra swi+dest. and wene+d +tet hit ne beo na sunne bute
ha habbe scrift. he is forloren in to helle. Gif eani mon bi+d
inumen in +tere sunne. So+dliche +tus sei+d +te boc. hwet       #
sei+d +te
dusie to ufele hele wes ic iboren +gif ic ne mot habben on      #
+tisse
weorlde +geuenesse. ah swa me helpe drihten. +te ilke mon +te
wule fulien alle his sunne lustes. (\Non intrabit in regnum     #
celorum.\)
+tet is ne kime+d he nefre inne heoueneriche. and eft +te
o+der witege sei+d. (\Nemo potest gaudere cum seculo. & in      #
eternum
regnare cum Christo.\) +tet is to understondene. Ne mei nan
mon habben al his wil. and blissien him mid +tisse wordle and
ec wunian a wi+d crist on heofene. +tah +tu liuedest of adames 
frum+de +tet come +tes dei and +tu ahtest al weorld iwald. and
alre welene mest. +tenne +tu scalt of +tisse liue nalde hit +te
+tinchen na mare bute al swa +tu ene unpri+gedest mid +tine     #
e+gen
for+don nis nawiht +teos weorld al heo a+ge+d on ane alpi       #
+tra+ge
+terihtes he ne bi+d wei hwi beo we uule on +tisse wrecche
<P 35>
world. Sod+dliche heo us truket +tenne we lest wene+d. wei +tet
eni mon scal wi+d o+derne misdon for +tisse worldes +gifsunge.
So+dliche al heo a-ga+d. and +ta wrecche saule hit scal         #
abuggen. 
Ga to +tine feder burinesse o+der +ter eni of +tine cunne li+d  #
in. and
esca hine hwet he habbe bi+geten mid his wohe domas. and mid
his reuunge. mid his licome lustes. mid his o+dre sunne. hwile
he wes her on +tisse liue. So+dliche he walde seggen +gif he    #
mihte
speken. wa is me +tet ic efre dude swa muchele sunne. and heo
ne +ge bette. for swilche pine ic habbe +tet me were leofere    #
+tenne
al world +tah hit were min most ic habben an alpi +tra+ge summe
lisse and summe le+de. and ec mostic underfon minne licome and
beon on worlde a mare ic walde fein pinian and sitten on forste
and on snawe up et mine chinne. and +ta +get hit wal+d me       #
+tunchen
+tet softeste be+t. and +tet wunsemeste +tet ic efre ibad       #
moste ic
beon of +tisse earme liue. and +ta+get +tu maht understonden    #
+tenne
+tu stondest et his burienesse +tet he wes prud and wlonc. swa
+tu ert nu. and +tu forwur+dest. eca swa he is nu al to nohte;  #
and
+tu nast neure hwenne; Leof wes he on liue and la+d is he
nu+de. and +ta wrecche saule forloren; for-+ti leofemen         #
understondet.
eouseluen +ta hwile +ge mahten. Nis +tas weorld nawiht
+ge hit iseo+d eow seluen. Ne beo he nefre swa riche for+d he
scal +tenne is dei cume+d. for-+ti ga+d blu+deliche to bote of  #
eower
sunne +ta hwile +ge ma+gen. Vfel is +tet mon alde+t and his     #
da+ges.
him at-ga+d and nehleche+d his ende dei and nule him bi+tenchen
+tet his sunnen waxa+d. +tat is +tere saule de+d; for+don heo   #
ne
mei abeoren alla +ta sunne +te +te mon uppon hire de+d. +tenne  #
heo
wulle ut of +ton licome. So+dliche +tus sei+d +ta boc +tet moni
+tusent monne mahte libben fele +gere mare +tenne he do; +gif   #
he
were riht-wis and god-furht leoue men +tenne +ge gad to scrifte
ne forlete +ge for nane scame +tet +ge ne seggen +tam preoste   #
alle
eower sunne ne beo heo nefre swa ethelic. for nis nan sunne     #
+tet
he ne con o+der he heo wat +durh. +tet he heo dude him seolf    #
o+der
he heo haf+d i-escad o+der haf+d ifunden on boke. Nis nan sunne
+tet nis iwriten on boke. for-+ti betere eow is +tet eow        #
sceamie biforen
+tam preoste ane; +tenne on domes-dei biforen criste. and
bi-foren al heuene wara. and bi-foren al eor+de wara. and       #
biforen
<P 37>
al helle wara. and +ta hwe+tere +tine saule feren scal in to 
eche pine. Leofe men ne mei +te preost for+gefen nane men 
his sunne ne his a+gene ah he is iset bi-twihan god almihtin.
and +te for +te wissine hu +tu scalt et god seolf habben +tine
sunne for+geuene. and he hauef+d +ta ilke mahte of Sancte
petre to bindene. and to unbindene. and of ure biscope +te
is on sancte petres stude for+don he ne mei beon on ewilche
stude for-+ti beo+d +ta preostes under heom. Gif +tu sunegest;
he +te scal reden on godes halfe hu +tu scalt habben cristes    #
freondscipe; 
So+dliche ne +terft +tu bidden namare. Ne mei nan mon 
seggen hu lihtliche +tu maht habben godes milce. gif +tu        #
sunegest;
forlet hit a mare. and +tet mid rihte scrifte. and bete a.      #
alswa ic
er cwe+d. +tah +tu ga to bote and for-heole summe +tine sunna.
nis +tet nawiht to +tine bi-heof+de. Ne recche+d crist nane
leasunge. ne him nis na neo+d. o+der +tu most hersumian crist.
o+der +tam deofle. Godemen uwile mon scal beon twi+gen awesseen
of his sunne enes et +tam fulhtbeda. for er +tonne +tet child   #
beo 
iful+ge+d hit is +tes deofles. o+der si+de +tu scalt beon       #
iwessen et 
so+d scrifte; +tenne +tu forletest +tine sunne. So+dliche +gif  #
+tu wult
habben bone to drihten; +tu most beon on ward +tine sunnen for
+tus cwe+d +ta boc. (\peccatores deus non audit.\) Sunfulles    #
monnes
bone nulle god almihtin iheren bute he wulle forleten +ta sunne
and gan to bote leofemen +tah +ge sunegien and gan to bote ne
lipnie +ge no al to eower festene +gif +ge ma+gen eni o+der     #
god don.
Nis nan mon +tet ne mei mare don +tene festen. Gif he ne mei 
don elmesse of cla+de ne of mete al swa mei an riche mon; do
summe of +tisse +tinge +te ic wulle nu cwe+ten. Alra erest +tu
scalt gan to scrifte and forleten +turhut +tine misdede and     #
festen
swa +tet +tin licome beo +te lenre +tet is fest for +dines      #
drihtenes
luue. +te mon +te +tus fest crist him +geue+d swilcne mete      #
+tet him
nefre eft ne hungre+d. +tet o+der is do +tine elmesse of +ton   #
+tet +tu
maht ifor+dien. Messen for alle cristine saule. Wrecche men
sceos and cla+des. and mete. and dringen. and werm+te. and
herbur+ge. and to seke gan. and +ta deden helpen to buriene and
helpen heom mid +ton +te +tu ma+ge. for +ta boc sei+d. (\Sicut  #
aqua
extinguit ignem; ita & elemosina extinguit peccatum.\) Al swa
<P 39>
+tet water acwenche+d +tet fur. swa +ta elmesse acwenche+d +ta  #
sunne 
+tat +tridde is +tet +tu scalt bi-wepen +tine sunne bi-eften    #
monnen
and +geoten +tine teres swi+de sariliche for +ton drihten       #
cwe+d on 
+tan god-spelle. (\Beati qui nunc fletis quoniam ridebitis.\)   #
+tet is
eadi beo+d +ta ilke +te nu wepe+d for heore sunne for heo       #
sceolen
beon iglede+d bi-foren drihten +tat for+de is +tet +tu scalt    #
wakien 
for +tines drihtenes luue. for+don +te boc cwe+d. (\Non sit     #
uobis
uanum surgere ante lucem. quia promisit dominus coronam
uigilantibus.\) Ne beo eow noht la+d to arisene er dei. for
drihten bi-hat +ton wakiende ane crune +tet scal beon           #
seofesi+de
brihtre +tene +ta sunne fifte is +tet +tu scalt for+geuen +ton  #
monne +te
wi+d +te agultet. and swa se +tu for+geuest +tam monne +te      #
wi+d +te
agulte+d; swa +tin drihten for+geue+d +te +tine misdede. and    #
swa +tu
hine biddest deihwamliche +tenne +tu seist. (\Dimitte nobis     #
debita
nostra sicut & nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris.\) Laue+d     #
feder
for+gef us alle ure gultes swa we for+geue+d +tan monne +te us  #
to
agulte+d. her is ane reowlic bone to biddene bute we inwarliche
imilcien and for+geuen +tan monne +te us wre+de+d and sceandet.
+tet seste is +tat +tu scalt sahtnien. +ta +te beo+d unisahte   #
mid alle
+tine mahte. +tenne bure+gest +tu here saule. and ec +tine      #
a+gene
from +tan ufele dea+de +tet is from helle pine. +tet seofe+de   #
is
cherite. heo fulled alle +ta o+dre +ting and ende+d. witicrist  #
+te mon
+te ne luue+d cherite ne cume+d he nefre in godes riche. Nu +ge
ma+gen iheren hwet is riht cherite. +tet uwilc mon ah to        #
habben 
+tet is +tet +tu luuie +tine drihten ofer +tin wif. and ofer    #
child and
ofer alle eor+dliche +ting and him +tonkien alles +tinges. and 
seo+ddan beoden uwilc mon swa +tu waldest +tet me +te bude.     #
+tis
is riht cherite. So+dliche +tus cwe+d +te boc. +tet +tis scal   #
beren
eower saule to heuene riche. Nu leofe men habbe +ge iherd
hwet ic habbe iseaid hwet +ge sculen don +gif +ge hit ma+gen    #
ifor+dian.
Nis nan mon swa riche. ne swa wrecche +tet he ne mei sum +ting
ifor+dian of +tan +te ic heou habbe iseid. +te de+d his         #
elmesse of
+tinge mid wohe bi+geten; ne con him crist na mare +tong +tene
+tah he slo+ge +tin child and bere +te his heaued to lake.      #
for-+ti
godemen forlete+d eower sunne and gad to rihte scrifte and      #
lete+d
eower stale and eower reaflac. for nis +ter nan feng on. and 
<P 41>
eft +te boc sei+d. Ne scule +ge neure god don unforgolden. Ne   #
ec
ne scule +ge nefre ufel don +tet +ge hit ne sculen mid uuele    #
bitter
abuggen. For+di leofe breo+dre halde+d bro+terreddene eow       #
bitwenen. 
and earnie +ge eow nu on +tisse sceorte liue +tet we
bicumen moten to +tere upplican riche and +tere wunian mid +te
feder and mid +te sune and mid +te halie gast abuten ende.
Amen.

<Q MX/1 IR HOM LAMB4>
<N LAMB HOM 4>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 41>
[} [\IV.\] }]

[} (\IN DIEBUS DOMINICIS.\) }]

   [{L{]eofemen +gef +ge lusten wule+d. and +ge willeliche hit  #
understonden
we eow wulle+d suteliche seggen of +ta fredome +te
limpe+d to +tan deie +te is iclepe+d su sunedei. Sunedei is     #
ihaten
+tes lauerdes dei and ec +te dei of blisse and of lisse and of  #
alleirest.
On +ton deie +ta engles of heofene ham iblissie+d. for+di +te   #
+ta
erming saulen habbe+d rest of heore pine. Gif hwa wule witen
hwa erest bi-won reste +tam wrecche saule to so+te ic eow       #
segge.
+tet wes sancte paul +te apostel and mihhal +te archangel heo
tweien eoden et sume time in to helle alswa heom drihten het
for to lokien hu hit +ter ferde. Mihhal eode bi-foren and paul
com efter and +ta scawede mihhal to sancte paul +ta wrecche     #
sunfulle 
+te +ter were wuniende +ter-efter he him sceawede he+ge treon
eisliche beorninde et-foren helle +gete. and uppon +tan treon   #
he
him sceawede +te wrecche saulen a-honge. Summe bi +ta fet.
summe bi +ta honden. summe bi +te tunge. summe bi +te e+gen. 
summe bi +te hefede. summe bi +ter heorte. Seod+dan he him
sceaude an ouen on berninde fure he warp ut of him seofe leies
uwilan of seolcu+dre heowe +te alle weren eateliche to          #
bihaldene
and muchele strengre +ten eani +turg to +tolien. and +ter       #
wi+d-innen
weren swi+de feole saule a-honge. +gette he him sceawede ane    #
welle
of fure and alle hire stremes urnen fur berninde. and +ta welle
bi-wisten. xii. meister deoflen swilc ha weren kinges to pinen
+ter wi+dinnen +ta earming saulen +te for-gult weren; and heore
<P 43>
a+gene pine neure nere +te lesse +tah heo meistres weren. Efter
+ton he him sceawede +te sea of helle and innan +tan sea        #
weren. vii.
bittere u+te. +te forme wes swnan. +tat o+der is. +tet +tridde  #
fur. +tet
feor+de blod. +te fifte neddren. +te siste smor+der. +te        #
seofe+te ful
stunch. heo wes wurse to +tolien +tenne efreni of alle +ta      #
o+dre
pine. Innan +tan ilke sea weren un-aneomned deor summe fe+der
fotetd. Summe al bute fet. and heore e+gen weren al swilc swa
fur. and heore e+tem scean swa de+d +te leit a-monge +tunre.    #
+tas
ilke nefre ne swiken ne dei ne niht to brekene +ta erming       #
licome
of +ta ilca men +te on +tisse liue her hare scrift enden        #
nalden.
Summe of +tan monne sare wepe+d. Summe swa deor lude reme+d.
summe +ter graninde sike+d. summe +ter reowliche gne+ge+d his   #
a+gene
tunge. Summe +ter wepe+d. and alle heore teres beo+d berninde
gleden glidende ouer heore a+gene nebbe. and swi+de reowliche
ilome +gei+ge+d and +georne biseche+d +tat me ham ibure+ge      #
from +tam
uuele pinan of +tas pinan speked dauid +te halie wite+ge. and   #
+tus
sei+d. (\Miserere nostri domine quia penas inferni sustinere    #
non
possumus.\) Lauerd haue merci of us for+don +ta pinen of helle  #
we
ham ne ma+gen i+dolien. Seo+d-+tan he him sceawede and stude
inne midde-war+de helle. and bi-foren +tam ilke stude weren     #
seofen
clusterlokan +tar neh ne mihte nan liuiende mon gan for +tan
ufele bre+de and +ter wi+d-inna he him sceawede gan on ald mon
+tet .iiii. deoflen ledden abuten. +ta escade paul to mihhal    #
hwet +te
alde mon were. +ta cwe+d mihhal heh angel he wes an biscop on
eo+dre liue +te nefre nalde cristes la+gen lokien ne halden.    #
ofter he
walde anuppon his underlinges mid wohe motien and longe
dringan +tenne he walde salmes singen o+der eani o+der god don.
Herefter iseh paul hwer .iii. deoflen ledden an meiden swi+de
unbisor+geliche; +georne escade to mihhal hwi me heo swa ledde.
+ta cwe+d mihhal. heo wes an meiden on o+der liue +tet wel      #
wiste
hire licome in alle clenesse. ah heo nalde nefre nan o+der god  #
don.
Elmes+georn nes heo nefre. ah prud heo wes swi+de and modi. and
li+gere and swikel. and wre+dful and ontful. and for+di heo     #
bi+d
wuniende inne +tisse pine. Nu bi-gon paul to wepen wunderliche.
and mihhal heh engel +ter weop for+d mid him. +ta com ure
drihten of heueneriche to heom on wunres liche and +tus cwe+d.
<P 45>
Ahwi wepest +tu paul. paul him onswerde. Lauer+d ic biwepe +tas
monifolde pine +de ic her in helle iseo. +ta cwe+d ure lauerd.  #
Ahwi
nalden heo witen mine la+ge +te hwile heo weren en eor+de; +ta
seide paul him mildeliche to +geines. Louerd nu ic bidde +te    #
+gef
+tin wille is +tet +tu heom +gefe rest la hwure +ten sunne dei  #
a +tet
cume domes-dei. +ta cwe+d drihten to him. paul wel ic wat hwer
ic sceal milcien. Ic heom wulle milcien +te weren efterward
mine milce +ta hwile heo on liue weren. +ta wes sancte paul     #
swi+de
wa. and abeh him redliche to his lauerdes fet and on halsien
hine gon mid +tas ilke weord +te +ge ma+gen iheren. Lauerd he
cwe+d +ta. Nu ic +te bidde for +tine kinedome and for +tine     #
engles.
and for +tine muchele milce. and for alle +tine weorkes. and    #
for
alle +tine hale+gen. and ec +tine icorene. +tat +tu heom        #
milcie +tes +te
red+ter +tet ic to heom com and reste +gefe +ten sunne-dei a    #
+tet cume
+tin heh domes dei. +ta onswerede him drihten mildere steuene.
Aris nu paul aris. Ic ham +geue reste alswa +tu ibeden hauest
from non on saterdai a +ta cume monedeis lihting. +tet efre     #
for+d to
domes dei. Nu leofe bre+dre +ge habbe+d iher+d hwa erest bi-won
reste +tam forgulte saule. Nu bi-cume+d hit +terfore to uwilche
cristene monne mucheles +te mare to hali+gen and to wur+dien
+tenne dei +te is icleped sunne-dei. for of +tam deie ure       #
lauerd seolf
sei+d. (\Dies dominicus est dies leticie & requiei.\) Sunne     #
dei is
dei of blisse and of alle ireste. (\Non facietur in ea aliquid  #
nisi
deum orare manducare & bibere cum pace et leticia.\) Ne beo in
hire na+ting iwrat bute chirche bisocnie and beode to criste    #
and
eoten and drinken mid gri+de and mid gledscipe. (\Sicut         #
dicitur.
pax in terra. pax in celo. pax inter homines.\) for swa is      #
iset. gri+d
on eor+de. and gri+d on hefene. and gri+d bitwenen uwilc        #
cristene
monne. eft ure lauerd seolf seit. (\Maledictus homo qui non     #
custodit
sabatum.\) Amansed beo +te mon +te sunne-dei nulle iloken.
And for-+ti leofemen uwilc sunne-dei is to locan alswa ester    #
dei
for heo is mune+ging of his halie ariste from de+de to liue.    #
and
mune+geing of +tam hali gast +te he sende in his apostles on    #
+ton
dei +te is icleped wit-sunne-dei. ec we understonde+d +tet on   #
sunne
dei drihten cume+d to demene al mon-cun; we a+gen +tene sunne
dei swi+teliche wel to wur+tien. and on alle clenesse to        #
locan. for
<P 47>
heo haf+d mid hire +treo wurdliche mihte +te +ge iheren         #
ma+gen. +det
forme mihte is +tet heo on eor+de +geue+d reste to alle eor+de  #
+trelles
wepmen and wifmen of heore +trel weorkes. +tet o+der mihte is   #
on
heouene. for-+ti +ta engles hem heom rested mere +tenn on sum
o+der dei. +tet +tridde mihte is +tet +ta erming saule habbe+d  #
ireste
inne helle of heore muchele pine. Hwa efre +tenne ilokie wel
+tene sunne dei. o+der +ta o+der halie da+ges +te mon beot in   #
chirche
to lokien swa +te sunne dei. beo heo dal neominde of heofene
riches blisse; mid +tan ferde. and mid +tan sunne. and mid +tan
halie gast abuten ende. amen. (\Quod ipse prestare dignetur qui
uiuit & regnat deus. per omnia secula
seculorum\) . Amen. 

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M1 IR HOM LAMB7>
<N LAMB HOM 7>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 73>
[} [\VII.\] }]

[}CREDO.}]

   (\ [{T{]ria sunt hominum saluti nescessaria. fides.          #
baptissmus.
mundicia uite.\)
   +Tro +ting bod +tet ech .Mon. habbe mot +tet wile his        #
cristindom
fole+ge. +tet an is rihte ileue. +tet o+der; fulluht. +tet      #
+dridde; feir 
lif to leden on +tisse liue. he nis noht fulliche cristene mon  #
+tet
is awiht wone of +tisse +treo +ting. of ileue spek ure drihten
ine +te hali godspel and sei+d. (\Qui non crediderit            #
condempnabitur.\)
+te mon. +tet naue+d rihte ileue mid him. he wurh idemed to 
+tolien wawe mid douelen in helle. on o+der stude of rihte      #
ileue
spec +te apostle and sei+d. (\Inpossibile est hominem sine      #
fide posse
deo placere.\) Ne mei na man do +ting +tet beo god iqueme.
bute he habbe rihte ileue mid him. of +te halie fulht spec ure
drihten on o+der stude and sei+d. (\Nisi quis renatus fuerit    #
ex 
aqua & spiritu sancto non potest introire in regnum celorum.\) 
Ne mei na .Mon. cume in to godes riche bote he beo ifulhted.
of clene liflade spec +te prophete isaias and +tus sei+d.       #
(\Lauamini
mundi estote.\) wasche+d ou; and wonie+d clene. and dauid +te
prophete speke+d in an salm of clene lif and sei+d. (\Asperges  #
me
domine isopo & mundabor\) bi-spreng me lauerd mid buhsumnesse;
+tenne wur+de ic clene. (\& alibi. Delicto meo munda me
domine.\) and on o+der stude he sei+d. lauerd clense me of alle
mine fule sunnen. and +teh alle men beon of hore sunnen
iclensed et +te fulht; no+teles heo a+gen for to cumen heore
bileue. onforward +tos cristendomes ech man leornede his
bileue er he fulht underfenge. Ah +ta weren monie childre
dede fulhtles. and forlorne. +ter fore hit wes iloked bi godes
wissunge ine halie chirche. +tet mon scule childre fulhten and
heore godfaderes and heore godmoderes scullen onswerie for
hem et +te chirche dure and beo in bor+ges et +te fonstan +tet 
heo sculen beon bi-lefulle .Men. and heore bileue cunnen;
wenne heo lorne mu+ge. and +tis ne mei +te godfadres ne +te
<P 75>
godmodres don; buten heo cunnen heore bileue. +tet is. pater 
noster. and credo. Ne na .Mon. nah him solue wernen henne
 .Mon. him for node +ter to bide. +ter fore we willen biginne 
ure larspel of bileue. +tet rihte ileue setten +te twelue       #
apostles
on write er heo to-wenden in to al +tis middelerd. and ec of
heom wrat +ter of his uers. and sancte peter wrat +tet ereste.
and +te salm +tet heo alle +tus writen wes ihaten. Credo. efter #
+tan
formeste word of +te salm. Alle +ge kunnen leste +tet ich wene
ower credo. +teh +ge nuten nawiht alle hwat hit sei+d. Nume+d
nu +geme +terto and ic ou wile seggen word efter word and
+termide hwat +tet word bi-que+t. +Tis word. credo. Mon mei   
understonden. on +tro wise. +tet on is; (\Credo deo.\) Ih ileue
gode. +tet o+der is; (\Credo deum.\) ich ileue +tet god is.     #
+tos twa
+ting do+d alle he+dene men. ah +tet [{+tridde{] ne leue+d      #
nan; bute
+te gode cristene .Mon. and +te godfurhte and +te lefulle (\qui
credit in deum.\) +te bileued in god. and to luuene ine god;
mote fif +ting. (\Silicet. eum dominum omnium cognoscere.
super omnia diligere. pre omnibus timere. & uenerari eique per
omnia obedire.\) +Tet an is iknawen him to lauerd ouer alle     #
+ting. 
+tet o+der is luuien him ouer alle +ting. +tet +tridde is;      #
habben
heie of him ouer alle +ting. +tet for+te is; wur+ten him ouer   #
alle
+ting. +tet fifte is; beon him ibucsum ouer alle +ting. +Te     #
 .Mon.
+tet haue+t +tis ilke fif +ting mid him; he is leful .Mon. and  #
if 
him is eni +ter of wane; he nis nawiht alse leful alse him      #
bi-houede.
(\Credo in deum.\) Ic ileue in god. (\patrem omnipotentem.\)    #
+te
fede[{r{] almihti. (\Creatorem celi & terre.\) scuppende and    #
weldende
of heouene and of or+de and of alle iscefte (\& in ihesum       #
christum\) .
and ich ileue on +te helende crist. (\filium eius unicum.\)     #
his enlepi
sune. (\dominum nostrum.\) ure lauerd he is ihaten helende for  #
he
moncun helede of +tan de+tliche atter. +tet +te alde deouel     #
blou
on adam. and on eue. and on al heore ofsprinke. swa +tet heore
fif-falde mihte hom wes al binumen. +tet is hore lust. hore     #
loking.
hore blawing. hore smelling. heore feling wes al iattret. ac he
hom helde mid his halie fif wunden +ta he +tolede for us ine    #
+te
halie rode. and gef hom eche frechipe alle +ta +tet hit alde    #
cunnen.
he is his enlipi sune. nawiht efter +to+tnunge. ac efter        #
istrone.
<P 77>
for +tan he him alse +te sunne streon+t +te lome +tet ho spret  #
in to
al +tis wide worlde. and +te fader is ine +te sune on +tre      #
wise.
On wacste; for he is muchel and mihti ouer alle +ting. On 
wlite; for sunne and mone +tostre+t for his fairnesse. On       #
+tewe.
for he is ful of alle godnesse. and +te+d he beo alle ichefte   #
lauerd
for he alle +ting iscop. no+teles he nis nawiht alle monne      #
lauerd.
+tech alle men bon on his onwald; but lefulle monne lauer+d.
and +te godfurhte. and gode cristene .Monne. lauerd; +tet on    #
god
bileue+d. for alle o+dre .men. +tet heuie sunnen dreche+d. and  #
nulle+d
heore sunnen forleten; bo+d on +te doules on-walde. and +tet
hwile ne studed hom nawiht +tet ho singe pater noster. and
credo. God +gefe gode leue alle +ta +tet hit nabbet. and ihalde
hit us. and alle o+dre +ta hit habbe+d to hore liues ende.      #
(\Qui
conceptus est & cetera.\) We habbe+d bigunnen ou to seggen on 
englisch hwat bi-qu[{e{]+t +te crede. and habbe+d ou isei+d     #
twa uers.
and wule nu+te +tet +tridde. and ic ileue on +tene helend +te   #
+tet
halie meide in hire likame underfeng. nawiht efter flesces      #
wille.
ne efter likames ikunde; ah alswa alse +ge nime+d +te worde     #
+tet 
iho speke to ou of mine mu+te swa ho ifeng ure drihten. +ta +te
engel hire brohte +te blisfulle tidinge. +tus que+tende.        #
(\Ecce concipies 
in utero & paries filium.\) +tu scald underfon an child in +ti
wombe and bere knaue child; and haten hit helend and hit 
scal king bon on +tet endelese kineriche. and +tet hali meiden
onswerede and seide. (\quomodo fiet istud & cetera.\) hu scal   #
+tat 
bon so+t+ten na .Mon. mine likame irine+d ne mid me flesliche
nefde to donne. +Ta onswerede +te engel and seide. (\spiritus
sanctus & cetera.\)

<Q M1 IR HOM LAMB8>
<N LAMB HOM 8>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 79>
[} [\VIII.\] }]

[} (\DE NATALE DOMINI.\) }]

   (\ [{H{]omo quidam descendebat ab ierusalem in ierico. &     #
cetera.\)
Godalmihti sei+d an forbisne to his folk in +te halie
godspel and sei+d. A mon lihte from ierusalem in to ierico. and
fol imong +toues. ho him bireueden. and ho him ferwundeden and
letten hine liggen half quic. and wenden for+d. +Ter com a      #
prost
bi +te weie and him nawiht ne help; and wende for+d +ter com an
diacne. et cetera. +ta com +ter an helendis. Mon. and heuede    #
rou+te
of him. and wesch his wunden mid wine. and smerede mid oli
and bond his wunden. and brohte him huppen his werue. and 
brohte him to an hors huse. and bitahte hine +te hors horde; to
witene. A +te mar+gen bitahte him twa pene+ges to spenen on him
and seide. and +gif +tu mare spenest of +tine hwan ic a+gen     #
cherre;
al ic +te +gelde. Nu hit iburd breke +tas word; alse me breke+d
+te nute for to habbene +tene curnel. +Tes .Mon. +thet a lihte  #
from
ierusalem in to ierico. +tet his bitacned adam ure forme feder;
+tet alihte from hehe in to lahe. Ierusalem bitacne+d gri+tes   #
sih+te.
and ierico; trukinge of lihte. her me mei understonde +tet he
alihte from hehe to lahe from derewur+d wuninge; in to wone
of blisse. He uol imong +teues. hwet bo+d +tas +teues; +tet     #
bo+d +to
+tet weren imakede engles in houene. and fellen ut for hore
wrechede. +te he uel imong hom and fole+gede hore lare; and     #
brec
cristes heste. +ta ho hine bireueden of +tere muchele mihte.    #
+tet
crist him hafde i+gefen of al +ter or+te scrude of +te uisces   #
i+te
wetere. and fu+geles i+te lufte. and alles cunnes wilde dor;    #
and
alles cunnes wurmes. Al adam him mihte to clopie. and al
walde him to cume. Al se hwat se he forgulte wes; al hit him
ulel and scunede; +tet him er luuede ho him for wundeden; +ta
+te he heuede scome a+geines his scuppende. +ta he hefde        #
+turst and
hunger and chele and alle wreche si+te; ho hine bilefde liggen
<P 81>
half quic. half quic ho wes; +ta +te he sarinesse heuede        #
wi+d-innen
him; for his sunnen. Her me ah to understonden for-whi hit
sei+d alf quic. and noht alf ded. her of me mei ane forbisne    #
of twa
brondes. hwanne +te an in aquenched al to gederes. and +te      #
o+der is
aquenched al buten a gnast +tene +tet haued +tene ene gnast     #
upen
him. me mei blauwen. and he wule aquikien and al +te brond
tenden. +te brond +te is al aquenched +tah me blouwe efre; ne
quike+d he neure. +tas twa brondes bitacne+d twein men. +te an
sunege+d. and is sari for his sunne. ah he ne mei his flesc     #
awelden.
+tis monne me mei sermonen mid godes worde. fro hwat he
scal his sunne uor-saken and bileuen and bon itent of +ten hali
gast. Alse is +te brond of +te lutle fure. +Tes o+der .Mon.     #
+tet
sunege+d and luue+d his sunnen alse de+d +tet fette swin +tet   #
fule
fen to liggen in. +tes ilke .Mon. is strong to sermonen; ah     #
crist
hine tende mid holde mode +ter we mu+gen understonde +tet adam
wes sari uor +te sunne +tet he heuede idon. and for +tisse      #
sarinesse
hit is seid; +tat he wes half quic bileued. Nu cume+d +te prest
+tet him nawiht ne help. +tis bitacne+d +te world +tet wes from
biginnegge and eue; +tat cume to moises +te prophete. In +tisse
worlde nas na la+ge ne na lar+teu. and +tah +tes patriarches    #
alse
abel and noe and abraham and ysaac. gode men weren +turh +tet
ho weren itende of +tan halie gast. and al +tos godnesse hom ne
mihte werien. +tet ho ne wenden alle in to helle. and al +tos   #
world
wende for+t and efre lei +tes wreche for-wunden. Nu is +tes     #
prest
uor+te. and him naue+t nawiht iholpen. Nu cume+d +tes diakne;
+tet bitacne+d moyses +te prophete. he brohte +te la+ge; +tet   #
me
sculde in +te ehtu+te dei +tet knaue child embsni+ten mid ane   #
ulint
sexe. and sette imong monkunne la+ge and lare hu me sulde
godalmihti serue. and his wille wurche in or+de. and al +tis    #
hom
helpe ne mihte; +tet ho ne wenden alle in to helle. Nu is
+tes deakne for+te. Nu kume+d +tes helendisse .Mon. and haue+d
reunesse of +tisse forwundede .Mon. elelendis he is icleped     #
for he
is of unku+te +tode. +te king of heuene +te com in to her+te    #
and
auenede him in to his iscefte. her of seid; seint Iohan +te     #
ewangeliste
in apocalipsi. A vuhel com flon from houene into or+de.
her he uette fe+ter-home and wenge mid +tisse fluhte he fleh    #
into
<P 83>
houene +ter he uatte +tet he nes and nawiht ne lefde of +tet    #
he wes.
+tis is to understonden +tet hit wes +tes liuiendes godes sune  #
+te
muchele lauerd; +tet al +te world fulle+d of him solue.         #
bitunde him
solue in ane meidenes inne+te alse +te sunne scine+d +turh +te  #
glesne
eh+turl. +tet gles ne breke+d ne chine+d and +te sunne          #
aschine+d +ter
+turh. and ho nime+d al swuch hou alse ho +ter on uint. +gif    #
+tet
gles is red; ho schine+d red. Alse +te liuendes godes sune in   #
to
+te meidene com. and ho of hire meiden-had nawiht ne wemde.
+gef ho awemmed were of hire meiden-had; +tenne ne mihte noht
hire sune habbe +tene nome +tet him wes i+gefen at              #
circumcisiun +tet
wes helend. and +gef he hefde on his moder ibroken hire         #
meiden-had;
ne mihte nawiht brekere bon icloped helere. for-+ti he com
and bette +te ne brec nefre. for-+ti he is icleped elelendis.   #
for-+ti
+te here he is; and honen he nis. +tes .Mon. +tet com +tus from
houene in to hor+de and uppen him nom monnes icunde for
monnes node. Hwet node efde moncun +tet he .Mon. were; Mon
hefde uorloren efre stephne bi-uore gode. +Ta com +tes .Mon.
he nefre ne gulte. +tes mihte speken ouer al +tes .Mon bi-com
uorspeker. he isehtnede god and man. he com bi +tis forwundede
mon. Wel he com bi him; +ta he bicom alswich alse he; wi+tute
sunne ane. He wes iwunde mid wine. and smirede mid oli.
We a+gen to understonden hwet bo+d +te wepne +tet adam wes mide
forwunded. mid +ta ilke wepne we bo+d forwunded. mid spere of
prude. of +gitcunge. of +gifernesse. of eorre. of hordome. mid  #
onde.
mid aswolkenesse. +tis bo+d +ta wepne +tet adam was mide        #
forwunded.
Nu bihoue+d +te forwunded wreche +tet he habbe leche.
we bo+d forwunded us bi-houed leche. Adam wes ilechned +turh
god almihti solf. and us bi-houe+d leche +turh prestes mu+d. he
weis his wunde mid wine. hwet is win in wunde; Win make+d
wunde smerte. Ah +te smertinge clense+d +te wunde; swa +tet ho
ne scal of +tere wunde habbe nan o+der uuel. Al so hali scrift
bi+d in mine ure [\ure WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE\]  wunde hwan we  #
scale festen. and fleis bileuen
and muchel of ure mine [\mine WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE\] wille    #
for ure mine [\mine WRITTEN ABOVE THE LINE\]  wrechede. Hwet
is +tet oli; Oli haue+d huppen him lihtnesse and softnesse and
hele. Alse +tu scalt habben hwenne +tu hauest idon +ti scrift   #
of
+tine misdede +tenne +tu scalt habbe lihtnesse and softnesse    #
and
<P 85>
hele. +tis is +tet oli +te muchele mede +tet +tu scalt habben
hwenne +tu hauest ibet +tine misdeden. +tenne he brohte hine
uppen his werue +tet is unorne mare. +tet bitacne+d ure unorne
fleis. hwense we habbe+d imaked +tene licome to +ter saule      #
bihoue.
he hine brohte to ane hors-huse. and bitahte hine +tan          #
hors-horde.
and bed hine witen +tene forwundede .Mon. H[{w{]et is
+tis hors-us; +tet is hali chirche. hali chirche hwet is; al    #
cristene
folc. for hwon; In halie chirche bo+d betere and wurse. Alse 
in hors-huse bo+d fule and clene. he +tet haue+d +tet hors-hus  #
te
witene; scal +ter. +ter hit is ful; makien hit clene. +tet      #
bitakne+d
+te prost +tet scal among cristene monkun +tene sunfulle of     #
sunne
clensen. he haue+d o+te mar+gen +ta twein pene+ges +te +te      #
helelendisse.
Mon. bitahte. +tet bo+d +ta twa la+gen +te alde and +te nowe    #
+tet prost
scal spenen among al his under+tede. +gef he mare spene+d of    #
his;
hwense he a+gein cherre+d al he hit him wule +gelden. hwet is   #
+tet
he mei mare spenen of his a+gen; feire forbisne of his a+gene
liflade. Alse alle +to +tet bo+d under+tede. +tet nime+d mare
uppen hom +ten +te heste of hali chirche. +tet is to            #
understonden.
Meiden +tet hire meiden-hat wit. and halde+t so se hit nis noht
heste of hali chirche. and widewe of hire widewe-had ne .Mon.
+te worlde to forsaken. In +te deie of liureisun hwense god     #
almihtin
wule windwin +tet er wes i+tor[{s{]chen. he wile ison hwiche
bo+d +to. +tet mu+ge stonden a+gein +tes fleisces lust and      #
wernen his
a+gene fleisces iwille. +tet bitakne+d +tet corn +tet +turle+d  #
+te wind. +tet
smal chef +tet flid ford mid +te winde; bicume+d wur+tinge +tet
corn me de+d in to gerner. +tet bitakene+d +te gode men +te     #
scule
bon idon in to heuene. +te ilke +te fole+ge+d +tes fleisces     #
lust. Alse
de+d +tet smalchef +te winde; +to scule bileuen in              #
+tosternesse.
God almihtin iscilde ut +tet we ne bo noht of +te smalcheue.
Ah +tet we moten bon of +te corne +te me scal don in to +te
gernere +tet is in to heuene; +te feder and +te sune and +te    #
halie
gast. (\per omnia secula seculorum.\) Amen. 

<Q M1 IR HOM LAMB14>
<N LAMB HOM 14>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 139>
[} [\XIV.\] }]

[} (\IN DIE DOMINICA.\) }]

   (\ [{R{]euerenda est nobis hec dies sancta que dicitur       #
dominica. &
ideo dicitur dominica quoniam hec dies sola dies domini
est.\) Muchel man ach to wur+ten +tis halie dei +tat is sunnen  #
dei
icleoped. for hit is godes a+gen dei. Alle o+der da+ges of +te  #
wike
beo+d to +treldome to +tis dei. +tis dei is +tet halie dei      #
+tet blescede
dei +te blisfulle dei +te murie dei. +te dei seouensi+te        #
brictere +tene
+te sunne. +te fo[{r{]meste dei +tet eauer +giete was ise+gen   #
buuen eor+de. 
(\In qua uisa est lux.\) Sunnen dei was ise+gan +tet formeste   #
liht
buuen eor+de for ure drihten seide +tis dei. (\Fiat lux &       #
facta est
lux.\) beo liht and hit wes liht. (\Ex hac enim die; relique    #
dies
sumpserunt exordium.\) Of +tisse dei nomen alle o+der heore
biginni[{n{]ge. (\Dies in qua conuenit plebs ad ecclesiam ad    #
predicandum
& ad celebrandum.\) Sunnedei ah efri cristenne .Mon.
nomeliche to chirche cume +te ahte for to techen +te folke      #
godes 
hesne to done. +te lewede godes hesne for to heren. and hom to
gode bidden. (\Dies in qua letantur agmina celi & terre.\)      #
Sunne
dei blisse+d to-gederes houeneware and hor+de ware. alse +te    #
halie
gast sei+d +turh daui+des mu+d +te prophete. (\Hec est dies     #
quam
fecit dominus exultemur & letemur in ea.\) +tis is +te dei      #
+tet god
makede. beo we bli+de and glade on +tis dei. (\In hac die multa
& magna mirabilia fecit dominus pro salute nostra.\) Monie
wundre and muchele dude ure drihten. for ure hele on +tisse     #
dei.
(\In die dominica creati sunt angeli ab ore dei.\) sunnendei;   #
weren
engles makede of godes mu+de. (\In die dominica resedit archa
post diluuium.\) sunnendei fond noe lond efter +tet ure drihten
<P 141>
hefde +tet folc adreint. (\In die dominica pluit dominus manna
filiis israel.\) sunnedei god sende manna from houene +tam      #
israelisce
folc. (\In die dominica percussum est mare rubrum in 
uirtute dei per manum moysi & transierunt filii israel siccis 
pedibus per mare rubrum.\) Sunnedei smat Moyses +te rede see.
and +te see to-eode and +tet iraelisce folc wende ouer. (\Et    #
stetit
illis murus in dextera atque in sinistra.\) and +ter stod a     #
richt
halue and a luft; alse an castel wal. (\& iterum percussit      #
Moyses
mare & reuersum est in locum suum & mersus est pharao cum
curribus & equitibus eius.\) and eft sone Moyses smat +te see.  #
and
heo wende to gederes. and adreinte pharao. and al his ferede
mid him. swa +tet nes +tere nefre an bileued un-dreint. (\In    #
die
dominica percussit moyses petram in heremo & fluxerunt quatuor
flumina que diuisa sunt in duodecim partes ut traxerint sitim
populo.\) Sunnedei smat Moyses +tene stan ine +te wastine; +ta
+tet folc wes welnech for-faren drinkeles alse ure drihten him  #
het.
and +te stan to-chan; and fouwer walmes of watere sprungen ut
+ter of. and +ta fouwer weren ideled a twelue. for +ta twelf    #
kunreden 
sculden +ter mide heore +turst kelen. (\In die dominica 
natus est Christus ex Maria uirgine pro salute nostra.\)        #
Sunnendei
wes ure drihten iboren of +te halie Maiden Marie for ure
hele. (\In die dominica baptizatus est dominus noster in        #
iordane.\)
Sunnendei wes ure drihten ifulchted ine flum iordan. (\&        #
spiritus 
sanctus uenit super eum in specie columbe.\) and +te halie      #
gast com
uppen ure drihten in ane culfre liche. and iherde his fadre     #
stefne
of heouene and seide. (\Hic est filius meus dilectus. in quo
michi bene complacitum.\) +tis is min loue sune +tet me wel     #
like+d.
(\In die dominica resurexit Christus a mortuis.\) Sunnedei aras
ure drihten from de+de to liue. and makede arisen mid him alle
+ta +tet him efden er ihersumed. (\In die dominica post dies    #
octo
uenit ad dicipulos per clausas ianuas. & stetit in medio eorum
dicens. pax uobis.\) and on +te twelftu+ge+te dei efter +tet    #
he wes
arisen. he com among his disciples +ter +te +geten weren        #
ilokene.
+tet wes a sunnedei. and seide to heom setnesse beo mid eou.
Sunnedei makede ure drihten pes bitweone heouene and eor+de.
bi-tweone engles and monne. bi-tweone gode and monne.
<P 143>
bi-tweone licome and saule. bi-tweone +te alde la+ge and +te
neowe. bi-tweone he+dene and cristene. (\Ipse enim est qui      #
facit
utraque unum.\) he is +tet make+d twa to an. (\In die dominica
misit dominus spiritum super apostolos.\) Sunnedei sende ure
drihten +tene halie gast his apostlen in fures liche. (\In die  #
dominica
uenturus est in maiestate sua cum sanctis angelis &
arcangelis in iudicium uiuorum & mortuorum.\) Sunnedei wile
ure drihten cumen ine his muchele stren+de mid alle heouenware
for to deme ba+te +te gode and +te uuele. and alle Men sculen   #
beon
igedered bi-foren him. and ech eor+te scal hwakien on his       #
ecsene.
alse deo+d +te see in storme. (\tunc montes liquescent sicut    #
cera a facie
ignis.\) +tenne uch dune scal berne. and al folc alse +te       #
p[{ro{]phete
sei+d. (\Ignis ante ipsum precedet & inflammabit in circuitu    #
inimicos
eius.\) +tet fur scal gan biforen and forbernen abuten him
fon. (\et iterum. Dominus noster cum uirtute ueniet. &          #
cetera.\) Vre
drihten wile cumen dredliche in fures liche and wile for-berne
alle his fon. and heom +tet beo+d iwunede uuel to done. (\Tunc
cantabunt angeli magna tuba & mortui resurgent.\) +tenne sculen
engles mid beme blauwen on fower halue +te world. and alle dede
arisen and steorren sculen +teostren. and +te sunne hire liht   #
forleose.
and steorren sculen from heouene falle. (\Et tunc iudicabit
iudicia nouissima. & reddet unicuique iuxta opera sua.\)
+tenne wille god deme his leste dom. and wile +gelden eche men
his mede efter his werke. +te sunfulle .Men. +tet spushad       #
breke+d.
+ta feste .Men. +ta +tet mei lutel to wreche. +te +toues. +te   #
+tet
speke+d faire bi-foren and false bi-hinden. +te ni+dfulle. +te  #
prude.
+te fordrunkene. +te chidinde. +te forsworene. +te he+dene.     #
+te erites.
(\eicientur cum fletu & lamentatione in penam sempiternam sine
ablutione & misericordia.\) sculen beon iwarpen ine eche pine.
wi+t-uten alesinge and wi+d-uten milce. Ach +te richtwise men.
+te treowe men. +te munekes. +te meidene. +te weddede wiues.    #
+te
gode .Men. +te softe .Men. and +te .Men. ful of milce. and +te  #
large.
Men. and +te milde .Men. +te herbe[{r{]gers. +te +tolemode.     #
+te elmesfulle.
+ta +te heom wi+d-teo+d of flesliche lustes. (\uocabuntur in
dextra dei patris omnipotentis.\) sculen beon icleoped on +te   #
fader 
riht halue. +ter scal beon worldwunne; wi+d-uten pouerte.
<P 145>
fulle; wi+d-uten hungre. hele; wi+d-uten unhele. reste;         #
wi+d-uten
swinge. blisse; wi+d-uten sarinesse. Iv+ge+de; wi+d-uten
elde. Lokinge; wi+d-uten winkunge. song; wi+d-uten lisse.
smellinge; mid swetnesse. and dunge; wi+d-uten prikunge.
(\defectio omnis mali. Habundancia omnis boni.\) wone of alle
uuele; wole; and alle gode. Amen.

<Q M1 IR HOM LAMB15>
<N LAMB HOM 15>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 145>
[} [\XV.\] }]

[} (\SERMO IN MARCUM VIII. 34.\) }]

   (\ [{Q{]vi uult uenire post me. abneget semet ipsum & tollat
crucem suam & sequatur me.\) wa is +tan. Mon. +tet wa is
and me him mare bihat. and mei and wile hit him ileste. Ach
him is wel +tet is ila+ded from lutel weole to muchele. and     #
him is
ec muchele bet; +tet is ila+ded from muchele wowe; to muchele
wele. Alle we beo+d in monifald wawe ine +tisse wreche liue.
hwat for ure eldere werkes. hwat for ure a+gene gultes. ach god
almihtin us freure+d mid his milde word and teche+d us bi       #
hwiche
weie we ma+gen to him cume and sei+d. (\Qui uult uenire post me
et cetera.\) Hwa se wile cume efter me; for-sake him seolf. and
bere his rode. and folege me. +Tos word he seide et sumtime     #
to+geines
+tet he walde +tis lif forleten. he munegede alle +ta +tet +to
weren o+der seo+t+den habbe+d ikumen. o+der to kumene beo+d to
endeles blisse. ach heom +ting+d uuel to forleten +tet heo      #
muchel
luue+d. (\Alii quidem amant peccata sua. alii parentes. alii    #
possessiones.
alii uoluptatates & uicia.\) Summe men luuie+d heore
sunnen. summe heore kun. summe world wunne. summe; galiche
lectres and lu+dere lastes +ta +tet luuie+d heore sunne; he
mune+ge+d +tus and sei+d. (\penitenciam agite appropinquabit    #
enim
regnum celorum.\) Cume+d to sunbote and forlete+d eower sunne.
for domes dei nehlechet +ta +tet luue+d heore kun; he mune+ge+d
and sei+d. (\Omnis qui reliquerit patrem aut matrem. fratrem    #
aut
sororem. aut ceteros amicos propter nomen meum; centuplum. &
uitam eternam possidebit.\) Alle +ta +tet forlete+d fader       #
o+der moder.
<P 147>
suster o+der bro+ter. o+der o+dre freond. for mine nome; heo    #
sculen
underfon hundfalde mede. and lif buten ende. +tet luue+d world
wunne; he mune+ge+d and sei+d. (\Qui non renunciauerit omnibus
que possidet non potest meus esse dicipulus.\) Ne mei na .Mon.
me fol+gen; bute he forlete al +tet he iwald ach. (\Duobus      #
modis
renunciatur possesis desinendo habere & desinendo amare.\) On
twa wise .Mon. mei forlete world winne. an is +tet he hit do    #
for
him; +tet he hit nabbe. an o+der is +tet he telle swa lutel     #
tale +ter
of; +tet he hit nawicht ne luuie. hit nis nawicht sunne muchel;
if .Mon. echte habbe. ach hit is muche sunne; if .Mon. echte
luuie+d. for he ne mei nawiht luuie god; and ec his ehte. +ta   #
+tet
luue+d galiche lectres; he mune+ge+d +tus and sei+d. (\Qui      #
uult uenire
et cetera.\) hwa se wule cume efter me; forsake him solf. and   #
bere
his rode. and fole+ge me. Ach hit is uuel to understonden on
hwulche wise .Mon. mei him solf forsake nime+d +geme +ter to;
and ic hit weo wile sugge b[{i{] godes leue. (\Duo sunt in      #
homine.
aliud per naturam conditum. aliud per culpam illatum.\) Twa
+ting beo+d ine +te .Mon. +tet an is +tet brochte icunde. and   #
+tet faire
icunde +tet is igedered bi-twene saule and licame. +tet o+der   #
is +te
fule on-kume +ta +te douel haue+d +teron ibroht. +terfore ne    #
mei na
 .Mon. to gode cume; bute he forlete +te fule on-cume +te +de   #
douel
haued on him ibroht of sunne. and het halde +tet faire ikunde.
+tet god haue+d on him idon of saule and of likame. and wunie
ine +tet clenesse; +tet he haue+d et his fulluhte ifet. (\tres  #
cruces
sunt de quibus hic agitur. due corporis una mentis.\) +treo     #
roden
beo+d +ta ich umbe speche. twa licamliche; and an gastliche.
(\Crux corporis est; quando corpus distensum menbratim          #
punitur.\)
+te likameliche rode is; hwenne +te likame +tole+d pine ine     #
+tis
liue ine rode and bi+d +ter on to-spred; alse ure helende wes   #
ine
+te halie rode for ure gultes. +tet nefde him solf nane. +ta    #
+te he
hefde uppen his hefde +tornene helm. and weren his side mid
speres orde iopened. and his fet mid irnene neiles              #
+turhstungen.
ach .Mon. mei to gode cume +tach his likame swiche pine ne      #
+tole.
Ac he munege+d us an o+der rode to berene; +tet is inemned.
(\Carnis maceratio.\) fleises lensing .Mon. lense+d his fleis,  #
hwenne
he him +gefe+d lutel to etene. and lesse to drinke. and ofte    #
for
<P 149>
his sunne swinge+d him mid smele twige. (\Et hec est scala      #
peccatorum.\)
and +tis is alle sunfulle monne leddre +tet heo sculen in to
heouene sti+gen. (\Crux mentis est cordis contritio & proxumi   #
compassio.\)
+te gastliche rode is inemned; heorte sar for +te monnes
a+gene sunne. and row+de for his emcristenes wawe. horte sar
haue+d +te .Mon. [{hwenne{] him bi+teng+t +tet he isuneged      #
haue+d. and +tet
sare bi-murne+d and to scrifte kimet. and bi his prostes        #
wissunge
his sunne bete+d. Reu+te for his emcristenes wawe haue+d +te    #
 .Mon.
+tet isich his emcristene in sunne bi-falle. o+der mid          #
sicnesse bi-gan.
and ne mei buten helpe +ter cume. If he ne mei mid worldliche
echte his neode ibete; +tet him sare rowe+t. and his            #
emcristenes
wawe sare bi-murne+d. eft sone hwenne .Mon. him bi-+tenche+d
+tet he haue+d sunful ibeon. and to fele sunne idon. +tenne     #
wule
his heorte ake alse his heued wolde; if he hefde +ter uppon
+tornene helm. Eft sone hwenne +te .Mon. him bi+tench+t +tet he
haue+d on galiche dede to muche god iwre+ted. and naue+d inume
+geme hwe+der heo bi-wedded were +te nere; +tet he hefde mid
to donne; bute his fule lust were ikeled. +tenne +te .Mon. him  #
bi+teng+t
+tet he haue+d to selde igan to chirche. and ilome mid his
honde idon +tet he don ne sculde; +tenne wule his heorte ake    #
alse
his fet and his honde; if heo +turh irnene neile were           #
+turh-stunge.
and if we +tus us solue willeliche pine+d; +tenne ma+ge we beon
godes lornigkinchtes. +tenne we ma+ge him folege. and mid him
bileue. Bidde+d ure drihten +tet +ge moten efter him kume and
+tene fule onkume for-lete +ta +te douel haue+d in ow ibroht of
sunne and edhalde +tet brihte ikunde; +tet god haue+d in ow
ibroht of saule and of likame. and +te klennesse of ower        #
fulluhte
+tet +ge habbe+d et +te fonstan underfonge. and +tet +ge moten  #
+te rode
bere. +te god ow to munege+d. and him folege and mid him
bileue. (\Quod nobis prestare dignetur qui uiuit & cetera.\)    #
Amen. 



<B CMSAWLES>
<Q M1 IR HOM SWARD>
<N SWARD>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  SAWLES WARDE.
THE KATHERINE GROUP.
EDITED FROM MS. BODLEY 34.
BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE
ET LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXV.
ED. S. T. R. O. D'ARDENNE.
PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITION "LES BELLES
LETTRES", 1977.
PP. 165.20 - 183.24^]

<P 165>
I +te feaderes. ant i +te sunes. & i +te hali
gastes Nome
her bigine+d; sawles warde.
   (\Si sciret paterfamilias qua hora fur uenturus esset;
vigilaret utique & non sineret perfodi domum suam.\)
<P 166>
Ure lauerd i +te godspel teache+d us +turh a bisne. hu we
ahen wearliche to biwiten us-seoluen wi+d +te unwiht
of helle. & wi+t his wernches. +gef +tes lauerd wiste he        #
sei+d. 
hwenne & hwuch time. +te +teof walde cume to his
hus; he walde wakien. ne nalde he nawt +tolien +te +teof
forte breoken hire. +tis hus +te ure lauer+d speke+d of;
is seolf +te mon inwi+d +te monnes wit. I +tis hus. is +te
huse-lauerd. Ant te fulitohe wif; mei beon wil ihaten. 
+tt ga +te hus efter hire; ha diht hit al to wundre.
bute wit ase lauerd chasti hire +te betere. & bineome
hire muchel of +tt ha walde. ant tah walde al hire hird
folhin hire ouer-al; gef wit ne forbude ham. for
alle hit beo+d untohene. & rechelese hinen; bute +gef
he ham rihte. Ant hwucche beo+d +teos hinen; Summe
beo+d wi+d-vten. & summe wi+d-innen. +teo wi+d-vten beo+d.
+te monnes fif wittes. Sih+de. & herunge. smechunge.
& smeallunge. & euch limes felunge. +teos beo+d 
hinen vnder wit. as under huse-lauerd. & hwer-se he is
+gemeles; nis hare nan +te ne feare+d ofte untoheliche.
& gulte+d ilome. o+der i fol semblant; oder in vuel
dede. In-wi+d beo+d his hinen. in se moni mislich
+tonc to cwemen wel +te husewif; a+gein godes wille.
& swerie+d somet-rea+dliche; +tt efter hire hit schal
<P 167>
gan. +tah we hit ne here nawt; we mahen hare
nur+d. & hare untohe bere. a-+tet hit
cume for+d. & ba wi+d eie. & wi+d luue tuhte
ham +te betere. Ne bi+d neauer his hus for +teos hinen
wel iwist. for hwon +tt he slepe. o+der ohwider
from hame. +tt is hwen mon for-+get his
wit. & let ham iwur+den. ah ne bihoue+d hit nawt.
+tt tis hus beo irobbet. for +ter is inne +te tre
+tt godd +gef him-seolf fore. +tt is monnes sawle. forte
breoke +tis hus efter +tis tresor. +tt godd bohte
mid his dea+d. & lette lif o rode; is Moni +teof
abuten ba bi dei & bi niht. vnseheliche gasttes
wi+d alle unwreaste +teawes. & a+gein euch
god +teaw. +te biwite+d i +tis hus godes deore castel.
vnder wittes wissunge +tt is huse-lauerd. is eauer
hire un+teaw forte sechen in-+gong abute +te wahes
to a-mur+drin hire +trinne. +tt heaued +trof
is +te feont. +te meistre+d ham alle a+geines him
& his keis. +te husebonde +tt is wit; warne+d his
hus +tus. Vre lauerd haue+d ileanet him froure of
<P 168>
his dehtren. +tt beo+d to vnderstonden +te fowr
heaued-+teawes. +te earste is warschipe icleopet.
ant te o+ter is ihaten gastelich streng+de. &
te +tridde is mea+d. riht-wisnesse +te feor+de.
Wit +te husbonde godes cunestable cleope+d warschipe
for+d. & makid hire durewart. +te warlic
he loki hwam ha leote in & ut. & of feor bihalde
alle +te cuminde. hwuch beo wur+de in+gong 
to habben; o+der beon bisteken +trute. Streng+de
stont nest hire +tt +gef ei wule in; warschipes vn+tonkes.
warni streng+de fore. +tt is hire suster; &
heo hit ut warpe. +te +tridde suster +tt is mea+d. hire
he make+d meistre ouer his willesfule hir+d +tt we
ear of speken. +tt ha leare ham mete. +tt me meosure
hat. +te middel of twa uueles. for +tt is +teaw in
euch stude & tuht forte halden. & hate+d ham
alle +tt nan of ham a+gein hire; nohwer wid vnmea+d;
ne ga ouer mete. +te feor+de suster rihtwisnesse.
sit on hest as deme, & beate+d +teo +te a+gulte+d.
& crune+d +teo +te wel do+d. & deme+d euchan
his dom efter his rihte. fordret of hire nime+d
<P 169>
his hir+d euch efter +tt he is warde to witene. +te
ehnen hare. +te mu+d his. +te earen hare. +te
honden hare. & euch alswa of +te o+tre wit +tt onont
him ne schal nan un+teaw cumen in.
   As +tis is ido +tus. & is al stille +trinne; warschipe 
+tt aa is waker is offearet lest sum fortruste
him. & feole o slepe. & for+geme his warde.
& sent ham. in a sonde. +tt ha wel cnawe+d. of
feorren icumen. forte offearen +teo +te beo+d
ouerhardi. & +teo +te +gemelese beo+d; halden ham
wakere. he is underuon in. & swi+de bihalden of ham
alle. for lonc he is. & leane. & his leor dea+dlich.
& blac & elheowet. & euch her +tunche+d
+tt stont in his heaued up; warschipe hat him
tellen biuoren hwet he beo & hweonene he comme
& hwet he +ter seche. Ne mei ich ne sei+d. nohwer
speoken. bute ich habbe god lust; lustni+d
me +tenne. Fearlac ich hatte. ant am dea+des sonde.
& dea+des munegunge. & am icumen biuore
hire to warnin ow of hire cume. warschipe
+tt best con bisetten hire wordes. & ec hire
werkes; speke+d for ham alle. & freine+d hweonene
he cume. & hwuch hird ha leade. fearlac
<P 170>
hire ontswere+d. Ich nat nawt +te time; for ha ne
seide hit me nawt. ah eauer loki+d hwenne. for hire
wune is to cumen bi stale ferliche & unmundlunge
hwen me least wene+d. of hire hird
+tt tu easkest. Ich +te ondswerie. ha lihte+d hwer
se ha eauer kime+d wi+d a +tusent deoflen. & euch
an bere+d a gret boc al of sunnen iwriten
wi+d swarte smeale leattres. & an unrude raketehe
gled-read of fure. forte binden & to
drahen in-to in-warde helle. hwuch-se he mei preouin
+turh his boc +tt is on euch sunne enbreuet;
+tt he wi+d wil. o+der wi+d word. o+der wi+d werc.
wrahtte in al his lif-si+de. bute +tt he haue+d i-bet
ear+ton wi+d so+d schrift. & wi+d deadbote. ant warschipe
hire easke+d. Hweonene cumest tu fearlac
dea+des munegunge. Ich cume he sei+d of helle. Of
helle ha sei+d warschipe. & hauest tu isehen helle?
   +Ge sei+d fearlac witerliche. ofte & ilome. Nu sei+d
+tenne warschipe. for+ti trow+t treoweliche tele us
hwuch is helle. & hwet tu hauest isehen +trin. Ant
ich he sei+d fearlac o mi trow+de blu+deliche. nawt tah
efter +tt hit is. for +tt ne mei na tunge tellen. ah efter +tt  #
ich
mei & con; +ter toward ich chulle reodien.
<P 171>
   Helle is wi+d-ute met. & deop wi+d-ute grunde. ful of
brune uneuenlich. for ne mei nan eor+dlich fur
euenin +ter towart. ful of stench un+tolelich. for ne
mahte in eor+de na cwic +ting. hit +tolien. ful of sorhe
untalelich. for ne mei na mu+d for wrecchedom ne for
wa; rikenin hit ne tellen. Se +ticke is +trinne +te             #
+tosternesse;
+tt me hire mei grapin. for +tt fur. ne +geue+d
na liht. ah blent ham +te ehnen. +te +ter beo+d
wi+d a smor+drinde smoke smeche forcu+dest. & tah
i +tt ilke swarte +teosternesse swarte +tinges ha iseo+d
as deoflen +tt ham mealli+d & derue+d aa & drecche+d
wi+d alles cunnes pinen. & iteilede draken grisliche
ase deoflen +te forswolhe+d ham ihal. & speowe+d ham
eft ut biuoren & bihinden. o+der hwile torende+d
ham & to-cheowe+d ham euch greot. ant heo
eft iwur+de+d hal. to a swuch bale bute bote as ha
ear weren. Ant ful wel ha i-seo+d ham to grisle &
to grure. & to echen hare pine. +te la+de helle wurmes.
<P 172>
tadden & froggen. +te freote+d ham ut
to ehnen. & te nease gristles. Ant snike+d in. & ut
neddren. & eauroskes. nawt ilich +teose her; ah
hundret si+de grisluker et mu+d. & et earen. ed ehnen.
& ed neauele. Ant ed te breoste holke as mea+den
i forrotet flesch eauer+gete +tickest. +ter is remunge
i +te brune. to+des hechelunge i +te snawi weattres.
ferliche ha flutte+d from +te heate; into +te chele.
Ne neauer nuten ha of +teos twa; hwe+der ham +tunche+d
wurse. for ei+der is un+tolelich. ant i +tis ferliche
mong +te leatere +turh +te earre derue+d +te mare,
+tt fur ham forbearne+d al to colen calde. +tt pich ham
forwalle+d a +det ha beon for-mealte. & eft acwikie+d
anan to drehen al +tt ilke; ant muchedeale
wurse a wi+d-uten ende. Ant til ilke unhope is
ham meast pine. +tt nan naue+d neauer mare hope
of nan a couerunge. Ah aren sikere of euch uuel
to +turh leasten i wa from world in-to worlde aa on
echnesse. Euch a+trusme+d o+der. & euch is o+dres pine.
Ant euchan heate+d o+der. & him-seoluen as
+te blake deouel. & eauer se ha i +tis world luuede ham
mare; se ha heatie+d ham swi+dere. & ei+der
<P 173>
curse+d o+der. & fret of o+dres earen. & te nease
alswa. Ich habbe bigunne to tellen of +ting +tt ich
ne mahte nawt bringe to eni ende. +tah ich hefde
a +tusent tungen of stele & talde a +det ha weren
alle forwerede. Ah +tenche+d nu her +turh hwuch +te
measte pine beo; for +te leaste pine is se heard +tt
hefde a mon islein ba mi feader. & mi moder ant al
+te ende of mi cun. & ido me seoluen al +te scheome
& te hearm +tt cwic mon mahte +tolien. & ich isehe
+tes mon i +te ilke leaste pine. +tt ich iseh in helle; Ich
walde +gef hit mahte beon. +tolien a +tusent dea+des
to a-rudden him ut +trof. swa is +te sih+de grislich &
reow+dful to bihalden. for +tah neauer nere man o+der
pine bute to iseon eauer +te unseli gastes. & hare grisliche
schape. biseon on hare grimfule. & grurefule  
nebbes. & heren hare rarunge. & hu ha wi+d hokeres
edwite+d & up-breide+d euchan his sunnen. +tis schen+dlac
& te grure of ham were unimete pine; & hure
+tolien & abeoren hare unirude duntes wi+d mealles
istelet. & wi+d hare eawles gled-reade hare dustlunges.
as +tah hit were a pilche-clut euchan towart
o+der i misliche pinen. O helle dea+des hus. wununge
of wanunge. of grure ant of granunge. heatel
ham. & heard wan. of alle wontrea+des. buri of bale.
& bold of eauer-euch bitternesse. +tu la+dest lont 
of alle. +tu dorc stude ifullet of alle dreorinesses.
<P 174>
Ich cwakie of grisle & of grure. & euch ban scheke+d
me. & euch her me rue+d up of +ti munegunge.
for nis +ter na steuene bituhhe +te fordemde bute
wumme. & wa is me. & wa beo +te. & wa beo +te. wa ha +geie+d.
& wa ha habbe+d ne of al +tt eauer wa is; ne schal ham
neauer wontin. +te swuch wununge ofearne+d. for ei
hwilinde blisse her o +tisse worlde; wel were him +gef
+tt he neauer ibore nere. bi +tis +ge mahen sumdel witen
hwuch is helle. for iwis ich habbe +trin isehen a +tusent
si+de wurse. & from +teonne kime+d dea+d wi+d a +tusent
deoflen hiderwart as ich seide. ant ich com +tus q+d fearlac
forte warnin ow fore; & tellen ow +teos tidinges.
   Nv lauerd godd q+d warschipe wardi us & werie. & rihte
us & reade hwet us beo to donne: Ant we beon +te
warre & wakere to witen us on euch half under
godes wengen. +gef we wel werie+d & wite+d ure hus &
godes deore tresor +tt he haue+d bitaht us; cume dea+d
hwen he wule. Ne +turue we now+der beon ofdred for
hire. ne for helle. for ure dea+d bi+d deore godd & in+gong
in-to heouene. of +teos fikelinde world; ne of
hire false blisse: ne neome we neauer +geme. for al +tt
is on eor+de. nis. bute as a schadewe; for al wur+de+d
<P 175>
to noht bute +tt deore tresor godes deorewur+de feh +tt
is us bitaht to witene. Ich habbe +teruore sar care
for ich iseo sei+d warschipe hu +te unwhiht wi+d his  
ferd ase liun iburst. +gea+d abuten ure hus sechinde
+geornliche hu he hit forswolhe. & tis ich mei
sei+d warschipe warnin ow his la+d & for his wrenches.
ah ich ne mei nawt a+geines his streng+de.
   Do nu q+d streng+de. warschipe suster +tt te limpet to +te
& warne us of his wiheles. for of al his streng+de
ne drede we nawiht. for nis his streng+de noht wur+d
bute hwer-se he ifinde+d e+deliche. & wake unwarnede
of treowe bileaue. +te apostle sei+d. Etstont. +ten feont.
& he fli+d anan-riht. schulde we +tenne fleon him? +ge
nis godd ure scheld. & alle beo+d ure wepnen of his deore 
grace. ant godd is on ure half. & stont bi us ifehte.
+gef he schute towart me wi+d weole & wunne of +te world.
wi+d este of flesches lustes. of +tulliche nesche wepnen
ich mahte carien summes weis. ah ne mei me
na +ting heardes offearen. ne nowcin. ne na wone
falsi min heorte ne wursi mi bileaue towart him
+tt +geue+d me alle mine streng+den.
   For ba meh ah. q+d mea+d. ant for heart of nowcin.
& for wone of wunne dreden. & carien. for moni for
to muchel heard of wa +tt he drehe+d. for+get ure lauerd.
ant ma +tah for nesche ant for flesches licunge for
+geme+d ham ofte. bituhhen heard & nesche. bituhhe
wa of +tis world ant to muche wunne. bituhhe
<P 176>
muchel & lutel is in euch worldlich +ting +te middel
wei guldene. +gef we hire halde+d +tenne ga we sikerliche 
ne +terf us now+der for dea+d ne for deouel dreden.
hwet-se beo of heardes ne drede ich nawiht nesches
for ne mei na wunne. ne na flesches licunge
ne licomlich este bringe me ouer +te midel of mesure. 
& of mete.
   Rihtwissnesse speke+d nu. Mi suster ha sei+d warschipe
+te haue+d wit. & schad bituhhe god. & uuel. &
wat hwet is in euch +ting to cheosen & to schunien;
reade+d us & leare+d forte +geme lutel alle
fallinde +ting. & witen warliche +teo +te schulen a
lesten. & sei+d as ha so+d sei+d +tt +turh unweotenesse.
ne mei ha nawt sunegin. & tah nis nawt siker of
+te unwihtes strengde as +teo +te halt hire wac +tah
ha beo muche wur+d & ure alre ehnen deme+d hire
unmihti onont hire-seoluen to etstonden wi+d his
turnes & de+d ase +te wise. Mi suster streng+de is swi+de
bald. & sei+d +tt nawiht heardes ne mei hire offearen.
ah +tah ha ne trust nawt on hire ahne wepnen;
ah de+d o godes grace & +tt ich demi riht & wisdom
to donne. Mi +tridde suster. mea+d speke+d of middel
sti. bituhhe riht & luft +tt lut cunnen halden.
<P 177>
& sei+d i nesche ha is bald. & heard mei hire offearen.
& for-+ti ne +gelpe+d ha of na sikernesse ant de+d as +te
wise. Mi meoster is to do riht forte demen ant
ich deme me-seolf +tt ich me do hit nawt;
for al +tt god is of godd +tt we her habbe+d. Nu is riht
+tenne +tt we demen us-seolf eauer unmihtie to werien
& to witen us o+der ei god to halden wi+d-ute godes
helpe. +te rihtwise godd wule +tt we demen us-seolf
e+deliche & lahe. Ne beo we neauer swucche; for +tenne
deme+d he us muche wur+d & gode ant halt for his
dehtren. for +tah mi forme suster war beo of euch
uuel; ant min o+der strong beo to-+geines euch
nowcin; ant mi +tridde mea+dful in alles cunnes
estes; & ich do riht & deme. bute we wi+d al +tis milde
beon & meoke; & halden us wake. godd mei
mid rihte fordemen us of al +tis +turh ure prude.
ant for-+ti is riht dom +tet we al ure god +tonkin
him ane. Wit +te husebonde godes cunestable
here+d alle hare sahen & +tonke+d god +georne wi+d
swi+de glead heorte of se riche lane as beo+d +teos sustren
his fowr dehtren +tt he haue+d ileanet him on
helpe forte wite wel & werien his castel. & godes deorewur+de
feh. +tt is biloke +trinne.
   +Te willesfule husewif halt hire al stille. ant al +tt
hird +tt ha wes i-wunet to dreaien efter hire; turne+d
<P 178>
ham treowliliche to wit hare lauerd. & to +teos
fowr sustren. Vmben ane stunde speke+d eft
warschipe. & sei+d ich iseo a sonde cumen swide gledd-icheret
feier & freolich & leofliche aturnet
let him in sei+d wit +gef godd wule he bringe+d 
us gleade tidinges. ant +tt us were muche
neod. for fearlac dea+des sonde haue+d wi+d his;
offearet us swi+de mid alle. warschipe let him in.
& he gret wit +ten lauerd. & al +tt hird seo+den. wi+d lahhinde
chere. ant ha +gelde+d him his gretunge. &
beo+d alle ilihtet & igleadet ham +tunche+d of his onsih+de.
for al +tt hus schine+d. & schimme+d of his leome.
he easke+d ham +gef ham biluue+d to heren him
ane hwile. +ge q+d ha rihtwisnesse. wel us biluue+d
hit. & wel is riht +tt we +te li+deliche lustnin.
   Hercni+d nu +tenne he sei+d. & +geornliche understonde+d.
ch am mur+des sonde. & munegunge of eche lif.
ant liues luue ihaten & cume riht from heouene
+tt ich habbe isehen nu ant ofte ear +te blisse +tt na
monnes tunge ne mei of tellen. +te iblescede godd
iseh ow offruhte. & sumdel drupnin of +tt fearlac
talde of dea+d. & of helle. ant sende me to gleadien
ow. nawt for+ti +tt hit ne beo al so+d +tt he seide. & +tt
schulen alle uuele fondin. & ifinden. Ah +ge wi+d +te
fulst of godd ne +turue na +ting dreden for he sit on
<P 179>
heh +tt is ow on helpe. & is al-wealdent +tt haue+d ow to       #
witene.
   A sei+d warshipe welcume liues
luue. ant for +te luue of godd seolf +gef +tu eauer
sehe him: tele us sumhwet of him. & of
his eche blisse. +ge iseo+d q+d liues luue; Murhdes
sonde. Ich habbe isehen him ofte nawt
tah alswa as he is; for a+gein +te brihtnesse
& te liht of his leor. +te sunne-gleam is dosc & +tunche+d
a schadewe. ant for-+ti ne mahte ich nawt
a+gein +te leome of his wlite lokin ne bihalden;
bute +turh a schene schawere bituhhe me & him
+tt schilde mine ehnen. Swa ich habbe ofte
isehen +te hali +trumnesse. feader & sune. & hali gast.
+treo an unto-dealet. ah lutle hwile ich mahte +tolie
+te leome. ah summes weis ich mahte bihalden ure
lauerd iesu crist godes sune +tt bohte us o rode. hu he
sit blisful on his feader riht-half +tt is al-wealdent
rixle+d i +tt eche lif bute linnunge. se unimete feier:
+tt te engles ne beo+d neauer ful on him to bihalden.
ant +get ich iseh etscene +te studen of his wunden.
& hu he schawe+d ham his feader to cu+den hu he
luuede us & hu he wes buhsum to him +te sende him
swa to alesen us & biseche+d him a for moncunnes heale.
   Efter him ich iseh on heh ouer alle heouenliche +te
eadi meiden his moder marie inempnet sitten in
<P 180>
a trone se si+de briht wid +gimmes i-stirret. & hire
wlite se weoleful; +tt euch eor+dlich liht; is +teoster
+te a-+geines. +tear ich iseh as ha bit hire deorewur+de
sune se +geornliche. & se inwardliche for +teo +tt
hire serui+d. & he hire +gette+d blideliche al +tt ha           #
biseche+d.
   +Tet liht +ta ich ne mahte lengre
+tolien; Ich biseh to +te engles & to +te archangles
ant to +te o+dre; +te beo+d buuen ham. iblescede gastes
+te beo+d a biuore godd & serui+d him eauer. & singe+d
a unwerget. Nihe wordes +ter beo+d. ah hu ha
ha beo+d i-ordret & sunderliche isette. +te an buue
+te o+dre. & euchanes meoster were long to tellen.
Se muche murh+de ich hefde on hare on-sih+de; +tt
ne mahte ich longe while elles-hwider lokin. 
   Efter ham ich iseh towart te patriarches. & te prophetes
+te makied swuch murh+de +tt ha aren nu+de i +tt
ilke lont of blisse +tt ha hefden of feor igret ear
on eor+de & seo+d nu al +tt iso+det. +tt ha hefden longe
ear icwiddet of ure lauerd as he hefde iscawed ham
i gastelich sih+de. Ich iseh +te apostles poure. &
lah on eor+de. ifullet & bigoten al of unimete
<P 181>
blisse sitten i trones. ant al under hare uet +tt
heh is i +te worlde. +garowe forte demen i +te dei of
dome kinges & keiseres. & alle cunreadnes of
alles cunnes ledenes.
   Ich biheolt te Martyrs. & hare unimete murh+de
+te +toleden her pinen. & dea+d for ure lauerd. & lihtliche
talden to alles cunnes neowcins. & eor+dliche tintreohen.
a+geines +te blisse +tt godd in hare heorte schawede
ham to cumene.
   Efter ham ich biheolt +te cunfessurs hird +te liueden
i god lif. & haliche deiden. +te schine+d as do+d
steorren i +te eche blissen. & seo+d godd in his wlite
+tt haue+d alle teares iwipet of hare ehnen.
   Ich iseh +tt schene & +tt brihte ferreden of eadi meidnes
ilikest towart engles. ant feolahlukest wi+d
ham blissin & gleadien. +te libbinde i flesche ouerga+d
flesches lahe ant ouercume+d cunde +te leade+d heouenlich
lif in eor+de as ha wunie+d hare murh+de. & hare blisse.
+te feierleac of hare wlite. +te swetnesse of hare song;
ne mei na tunge tellen. Alle ha singe+d +te +ter beo+d.
Ah hare song ne mahe nane buten heo singen. Se
swote smeal ham folhe+d hwider-se ha wende+d. +tt me mahte 
libben aa bi +te swotnesse. hwam-se heo biseche+d fore;
is sikerliche iborhen. for a+gein hare bisocnen; godd
<P 182>
him-seolf arise+d +tt alle +te o+dre halhen sittende ihere+d.
   Swi+de wel q+d warschipe like+d us +tt tu seist. Ah nu +tu
hauest se wel iseid of euch-a setnesse; of +te seli
sunderlepes sumhwet sei us nu hwuch blisse is to
alle iliche meane; & liues luue hire ondswere+d.
   +Te imeane blisse is seouenfald. leng+de of lif. wit. &      #
luue.
& of +te luue a gleadunge. wi+d-ute met murie. loft
song. & lihtschipe. ant sikernesse. is +te seoue+de. +tah
ich +tis sei+d warschipe sumdel understonde; +tu most
unwreo +tis witerluker & openin to +teos o+dre. ant hit
schal beon sei+d liues luue warschipe as +tu wilnest.
   Ha liuie+d a in a wlite. +tt is brihtre seoueuald. & schenre
+ten +te sunne. ant eauer in a streng+de to don buten euch
swinc al +tt ha wulle+d. & eauer-mare in a steal in al +tt      #
eauer
god is wi+d-ute wonunge. wi+d-uten euch +ting +tt mahe
hearmin o+der eilin. in al +tt eauer is, softe o+der swote. &
hare lif is godes sih+de. & godes cnawlechunge as ure
lauerd seide. +tt is q+d he eche lif to seon & cnawen sod godd.
& him +tt he sende iesu crist ure lauerd to ure alesnesse &
beo+d for-+ti ilich him i +te ilke wlite +tt he is. for ha      #
seo+d
him as he is. nebbe to nebbe. Ha beo+d se wise +tt ha
witen alle godes reades. his runes & his domes +te derne
<P 183>
beo+d. & deopre +ten eni sea-dingle. ha seo+d i godd
alle +ting. & witen of al +tt & wes & eauer schal iwurden.
hwet hit beo. hwi. & hwerto & hwer-of hit bigunne.
   Ha luuie+d god wi+d-ute met. for +tt ha understonde+d hu
he haue+d bi ham idon +turh his muchele godlec &
hwet ha ahen his deorewurde milce to +gelden. ant euch
an luue+d o+der ase muchel as him-seoluen. 



<B CMROOD>
<Q MX/1 NN RELT HROOD>
<N HROOD>
<A X>
<C MX/1>
<O X>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HISTORY OF THE HOLY ROOD-TREE.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 103.
ED. A. S. NAPIER.
LONDON, 1894.
PP. 2.1 - 34.33^]

<P 2>
[} [\THE HOLY ROOD-TREE\] }]
[} [\TWELFTH-CENTURY VERSION.\] }]

   Her onginn+a+d to s+acg+an be +tam treowe +te +deo rode w+as
of iwroht. +te ure drihten for alles moncynnes h+alo on
+drowode. hu hit +arest weax+an ongan. We iherden s+acgen +turh
sumne wisne mon +tt moyses +ta +ta he ferde of egyptum ofer     #
+tam
r+ade s+a mid +tam israelitiscan folce +ta +de he hit alysde    #
of pharaones
h+afdn+ade +ta becom he to +tare stowe +te inemn+ad is          #
(\quinquaginta
finicas\) . & +ter twa niht hine reste. +Da on +tare forme      #
nihte
+te he +t+ar r+aste on +tam ylca stude +te he on l+a+g; wurden  #
iw+axene
+dreo +gyrden. +teo an w+as +at his heafod. o+der +at his       #
swi+dere
sidan. +tridde +at his wunstr+an. On mare+gen +ta he +teonon    #
aras;
+ta wundrede he hw+at +tare +gyrd+a tacnunge were. +Da on +tare
+after+a nihte ne durstl+ahte he hine +t+ar to r+astene for     #
+tam wundre
+te he +ter iseah. ac ferde +ta +donen ofer ane mile. & his     #
b+adr+aste
+t+ar +geawode & +ter nihtlangne first ir+aste; On mare+gen     #
+ta he
awoc +ta stoden +ta ylc+a +gyrden abuten him alswa heo on +tare
+arr+an nihte duden. +Da he +ta +det iseah +ta witegode he &    #
+tus
cw+a+d. So+dlice +tas +gyrd+an tacni+a+d f+ader. & sune. &      #
+tone hal+ga
gast. +Da sende he for+d all +t+at ferd & him sylf +ter wunode  #
o+d
+da ni+go+dan tid +t+as d+a+ges & +ta +gyrd+an up dealf. & he   #
sylf heom
for+d l+adde & all +tt ferd +te mid him w+as ferde for+d on     #
heor+a
we+g +anne d+a+g & ane niht swa heo n+affre water ne funden.    #
O+tres
+afenes +t+as +da bicomen heo to +dare stowe +te inemned is     #
delemia.
+ta ifunden heo +ter +dritti+g welsprunges +tare bitternes w+as #
swa
<P 4>
swi+d +tt no+der ne mon ne nyten +tes wateres biten ne mihten.  #
+Da
on +dare nihte +te heo to +tare wicstowe becomen +teo fyrd      #
wear+d
+ta +te him mid w+as swi+dlice mid +turste i+drest swa +tt heo  #
clypoden
alle anre stefne to him. & cw+adon. +tt heo mid alle forwur+don
mosten buten he heom heore +turst beten wolde o+d+de he +turh
heom swelten sceolde +Da andswerde he heom & bead heom +tt heo
andbidoden. ane medmycle tid. o+t +tt he hine to his drihtine
+gebede +tt he for his mildheortnesse heom to +tare nihte       #
heora +turst
betan scolde. +Da becom him fering+a on his +tance +tt he +ta   #
+dreo
+gyrden nimen wolde & heom innan +t+are wellspryng+a setten     #
wolde
& cw+a+d on his +tance +tt +gyf +tt so+d w+are +tt +da +gyrden  #
from gode isende
w+aron; +t+at +turh heor+a m+agen +teo bitternesse +t+as        #
wateres
to +tare nihte to swetnysse iwend w+are. Son+a swa he heom      #
+t+aron
iset h+afde. +da feng he on +tt water & his ansyne mid a+dwoh
& hit on his mu+d asende Son+a swa he +des wateres swetnysse
ifelde +ta wear+d he swi+de bli+de on his mode & mid lude       #
stefne
to +dare ferde clypian ongan & +tus cw+a+d. Cume+d hider to me
& eower +turst ib+ate+d of +tisse hali+ge watere +de ure        #
drihten +durh
+disse +gyrd+a m+a+gn+a on +tas niht of biternesse to           #
sw+atnesse +ge
awende +Da heo +tt ihyrdon +ta weron heo mucel iblissode &      #
+tider
+geornlice efstan & +t+ar wunedon +dreo da+g+as & +dreo niht.   #
+Da on
+dene feor+te d+a+g +ta heo +tonen faren woldon +ta eode        #
moyses to
+dare welle +te he +ta +gyrd+a on aset h+afde ant heom up       #
ateah &
mid him l+adde. He h+afde an fet to +dam anum iwroht & +tt w+as
ifylled of +t+at ylce watere & +ta +gyrd+a +teron asette for    #
+tan +de he
nolde +tt +da roten fordru+gode w+aron. +Da fulden heo alle     #
+ta faten
+te on heor+a fare weron of +tam watere. & for+d mid heom       #
l+addon.
+ta h+afdon heo +ta +gyt +treor+a da+g+a fer +ar heo comen to   #
arabiam.
+Da on +ta feor+de d+a+ge +ta comen heo +dider in to +tare      #
burh +te is
inemnod droh ant +ter wunoden twe+ge da+ges. +Ta on +de +dridde
d+a+g ferde moyses from +dare ceastre ant +ter +d+at ferd       #
forlet. &
nam mid him +treo hundred his a+gen+a cniht+a & ferde for+t on  #
his
wei+g o+d +det he com to +dam tune +te is ihaten robathi +t+ar  #
+de kyng
w+as on iboren nabucodonosor & +t+ar wolde anbidi+gen o+d dauid
<P 6>
him come to. & dauid h+afde +aht+a da+gene f+ar from ierusalem  #
to
+tam tune; +te moyses +ta on w+as. +Ta heo +ta tog+adere comen;
+ta wunedon heo +atg+adere six da+g+as. +Da on +tare seofe+te   #
nihte
+ta com to him godes engel & hine grette. & hine +tri+ge bi     #
his nome
nemde & +tus cw+a+d. dauid. dauid. dauid. +ta answarede him
dauid & +dus cw+a+d. Hw+at eart +tu la leof +te me on +tas tid  #
+geci+gdest. 
+Da andsw+arede him +te engel & cw+a+d Ic am godes
engel. & ic com to bodienne +te +tt min drihten me bead. +Da
andswarede him dauid. & cw+a+d Iwur+de mines drihtines wille &
+din. +Ta cw+a+d +te engel to him. Aris on +arnemore+gen &      #
+tine
honden w+acs & +tin ansyne & ga to moyse +ter he hine rest+a+d  #
and
mid wordum gret & +dus cwe+d. +Gebliss+a leof f+ader moyses.    #
+ta
dyde he swa +de engel him bed. +Da andsw+arode him moyses.
Eala dauid. hw+at is +tin neod swa mucel +tet +du +tus +ar      #
cumen
eart. +Da andswarede him dauid & cw+a+d. Eal+a moyses +gif hit
godes wille beo +arest & +tin sy+d+dan. & +tur +ta              #
freondr+adene +te unc
betweonan is ic wolde wilni+an +at +te ane bene for +tas        #
+almihti+ges
godes lufe ne unrots+a +tu me; +Da cw+a+d moyses. +turh +dene
almihti+g+a drihten +de we on bilyf+a+d for +tare               #
freondr+addenne
+de unc betweon+an is. +gif ic +ani+g +tare +gyf+a habbe +te    #
+du
+gyrnende bist; nelle ic [{+de{] unrodsi+an. and +gif ic hit    #
on mine
anwealde n+abbe ne wondi+ge ic sy+d+dan me for golde ne for     #
seolfre
+tt ic +dine will+an +gefremme. +Da andswarede him dauid &      #
cw+a+d
Eal+a f+ader moyses me +gyrne ic na+dor ne goldes ne seolfres.  #
Ac
ic wolde beon +gyrnende +gif hit godes will+a w+are. & ic hit   #
wur+de
w+are +tt ic mid mine ea+gen iseon moste +tt +tt ic to +de      #
wilni+an wolde
Nu bidde ic +te +turh god almihti+gne +tt +du his me unne. +Da
andswarede him moyses & cw+a+d. +Gewur+de +tin will+a; +Da      #
+d+as
binnon +aht+a da+gan +da wolden heo faren of +dam tune +de heo
+ta on w+aron & heo heom +ta to +dan +gearewoden & +ta eode     #
dauid
in to moyse & heo sp+acon heom +ta betweonan. +ta cw+a+d moyses
to dauide Eala dauid Me +tinc+d +tt +du beo swi+de unrotsod     #
for +tare
b+ade +te +du imuntest me to biddenne. +Da cw+a+d dauid Eala    #
f+ader
moyses Min drihten forsceaw+a+d +ta sylene +te ic to +te        #
+gyrn+an
wolde for+ton hit is me uncu+d +gyt; hw+at +ting+a hit beo. +Da
<P 8>
he +ta +d+at word icw+aden h+afde +ta clypode moyses him to     #
+anne
his cniht+a +te w+as ihaten robii. He w+as him to +tam          #
wunderlice
leof & itreow+a swa +tt he h+afde andweald ofer all+a +ta       #
+ding+a +te 
he +aht+a & bead him +tt he sceolde dauid to him clypian &      #
sceawan
him alle +ta +ding & +ta madm+as +de moyses +ahte. Butan hure
+ting+a he nefr+a +ta +gyrdan him sceawi+gen ne moste. +Da      #
dyde +te
cniht swa moyses him bead +ta he hit al isceaw+ad h+afde; +ta
cw+a+d he +tt he nan +tare +ding+a +gyrnende n+are +de he       #
+d+ar iseah.
+Da sp+ac +de cniht to dauid di+glum wordum & +tus cw+a+d.      #
+Gif ic
wiste leof +tt +du mine word h+aldan woldest & +du me to mine
laforde am+aldian noldest +tonne wolde ic +de sceawian +gyt sum
+dare +ding+a +de he me swi+dlice forbead +tt ic +de sceawian   #
ne sceolde.
+Da cw+a+d dauid +t+at he him n+afre ameldian nolde. ac +tt him
mycel will+a w+are +gif he hit iseon moste. +Ta andswarede +te  #
cniht
him & cw+a+d. Ic wat leof +det +git mycele godes lufe & mycele
freondr+adenne habb+a+d inc tweonan. Ic swa +deah for godes     #
e+ge
ne dear ne for +dine arwur+dnysse +tt ic it +te ne sceawi+ge &  #
secge.
+Da cw+a+d dauid. Hw+at +tinga mei +d+at beon swa merlices +tt  #
+du
me bihaten hafst to sceawenne; +donne ic +ar +dissum isceawod
habbe all +ta mer+da +de under +dinum anwealde weron Swa +deah
ic ne iseah on +tam mange +tt +tt ic wilnode +tt ic iseon       #
moste. +Da
cw+a+d +de cniht +gif +du +d+at isihst; +tt ic +te +ar bihet    #
hit +te lic+a+d
ofer alle +ta +ding +de +tu +ar sceawedest. +Da cw+a+d dauid    #
Ne unrots+a
+tu me na swi+dor ac +durh +tone almihti+g+a god ic bidde +te   #
+tt +du hit
me nu sceawi+ge. +Da +de cniht bi his handan hine nam & heom
cussan ongan & +tus cw+a+d. Eal+a f+ader dauid. Beo +tu min     #
+gemyndi+g.
& heo +ta be+gen in eoden & he heom +ta swi+de di+glice him
sceawian ongan. Son+a swa heo on +ta +gyrde bis+a+gen +da bicom
heom feringa on ane tid d+a+ges +t+ar heo stoden +tt heor+a     #
na+dor nan
word cw+a+den ne mihte. +ta +d+at eft ofer gan w+as +ta cw+a+d  #
dauid
to +tam cnihte. hu becom +te swa mycel swy+ge on to +tissere
hwyle +tt +du me nan word to ne cw+ade +Da andswarede him +de   #
cniht
& cw+a+d. Eal+a f+ader dauid +d+as +de i+duht w+as +tt mi       #
spece me +atfeall+an
w+as. on +dare hwile +da cw+a+d dauid +tt him alswa i+duht
<P 10>
w+are +Da +de +t+at +ta ofergan w+as +da cw+a+d he ic bidde +de #
nu +durh
+done almihti+ga drihten +tt +du me s+acge on hwylcere stowe    #
moyses
w+are +ta he +arest +ta +gyrd+an ifunde. +Da andsw+arde he him  #
&
cw+a+d On +tare stowe +de inemned is (\Qvinquaginta finicas\)   #
+ter we
heom fundon Sona swa dauid +d+at ihyrde +ta feol he on          #
cneowbedum
& hine to his drihtine bead & +dus cw+a+d. +Drihten +du +de
wrohtest heofene & eor+d+a & alle +ta +ding +de on +tam beo+d   #
swutel+a
me embe +ta wilnung+a +te +de engel me bead +tt ic to moyse     #
wilni+an
scolde Hw+a+der hit +deos isih+de w+are +te ic her on +dissum   #
+gyrdon
ise+gen habbe. +Gif hit +donne +tt beo send me sume sutelung+a  #
+durh
heom +Da he hine +tus ib+aden h+afde +ta com him to godes engel
& hine up arerde & +tus cw+a+d. Aris & isih +tis wunder +te on  #
+dissum
+gyrdon iwroht is. +ta he +ta up aras; +da iseah he +da +treo   #
+gyrd+a
beornende swylce +ter +dreo tapor+as burnon. +Da feol he o+dre  #
si+den
on cneowbedum & clypode to his drihtine & +tus cw+a+d. Drihtin
+durh +din mildheortnesse iswutela me hw+a+der ic +das +gyrdon  #
bi+geten
mote. +Da com him st+afne of heofene & to him +tus cw+a+d. Aris
dauid & ga to moyses & gyrne +tas +gyrdon for+tan so+dlice      #
+tin drihten
heom +de on. +Da dude dauid swa +deo st+afne him bead & eode to
moyse & cw+a+d him to Leof f+ader moyses ic wilni+ge +tt +du    #
sulle me
+tt +tt ic to d+a+g iseah +d+ar +du inne w+are. +Da swi+gede    #
moyses & +tohte
on his mode +tt he +da +gyrd+an ise+gen h+afde het him +ta      #
clypi+an to
+done cniht +de he +ta +gyrdan bet+aht h+afde & bead him +tt    #
he +ta
+gyrda nome & heom di+gellice +donen l+adde. +Da dude +te       #
cniht swa
he him bead. Son+a swa he heom on hond nim+an wolde +ta wurdon
heo fering+a all furenne swa +d+at +tam cnihte forburnon ba     #
twa +ta
hand+an all buton +da earm+as. +Da eode he ofstlice in to heom  #
+t+ar
heo inne w+aron & heom sceawian ongan +da mycel wrace +te him
god +turh +da +gyrdan on asend h+afde. Sone swa heo +deron      #
bise+gen
+ta wurdon heo mid mycele furhte mid mycele unrotnesse          #
asturede
& heo +ta alle mid ludere st+afne to heor+a drihtne clypien     #
ongunnon
& his mildheortnesse b+aden; +Da clypode moyses to +tam
cnihte & hine alsi+gan ongon +turh hw+at him swa ilumpen w+are.
+Da andsw+arde he him & cw+a+d; Eala laford moyses son+a swa ic
<P 12>
+ta +gyrdan nim+an wolde & heom aw+a+g aleaden alswa +du me     #
bede
+Da wurdon heo fering+a all fyrenne me bicom swa mycel fyrht
on for +tan e+ge +te ic +ter iseah +tt ic on eor+tan feol & ic  #
nan +ding
iseon ne mihte. +Da ic eft up aras +ta wurdon me ba twa +ta     #
hond+a
forburnenne of +tam brune +te ic +t+ar iseah. +Da wear+d moyses
mycel idrefed. & +tus cw+a+d. So+dlice ic sungode miclum wi+d   #
mine
drihten +turh +det +gebod +de ic +te bead. & +turh mine gylt
+du +tolast +tinr+a handa +Da astr+ahte moyses hine on          #
eor+dan. & hine
mycele onbrurdnesse to his drihtine ib+ad & +tus cw+a+d.        #
Drihten leofe
f+ader min & alles moncynnes +tu +de me sendest on egypt+a      #
lande
& ic feorwerti+g +gear+a +tin folc for+t l+adde swa swa +du     #
woldest.
ant +tu +de +ta r+aden s+a adru+gian l+ate +ta we +d+arofer     #
faren scolden
to +dy +tt +du us nerian woldest & +du drihten leof me on       #
+tare fare
+tas +dreo gyrd+an to sendest swa swa +tin will+a w+as & ic     #
heom
+affre o+d +tisne d+a+g for+t mid me ferede. & nu leof mine     #
cnihte
+da honde forsw+alede beo+d +turh heom. Nu drihten leof for     #
+tinre
mycele mildheortnysse swutela me hw+a+der +du heom me leng
unnon wylle. +gif +tu heom +tone leng me +geunnon nelle         #
+gewur+d+a
+tine will+a +ta com him to godes [{engel{] ant cw+a+d. Eal+a   #
moyses
+t+as +de +du +gyrnende eart hit +te drihten na leng ne on for  #
+tan
+dingum of +dare frim+de +de +tu +arest ise+ge godes engel      #
heom com
to bodi+an dauide to hierusalem & +turh his +gebedu +tin cniht  #
sceal
beon ih+aled. & Se engel from him +gewat. & dauid swi+de        #
+geornlice
on his bedon +durhwunede & him to his drihtne +tus b+ad &       #
cw+a+d.
Drihten leof +tu wuldorfull+a kyng +tu +de me sendest bodian to
ierusalem +turh +tinne hal+gan engel hw+at +deo wilnunge beon   #
scolde
+te ic +at moyse wilni+an sceolde & +turh +tine mildheortnesse  #
+t+as
cnihtes heort+a untyndest +tt he me di+gellice +ta +gyrd+an     #
sceawode
& ic on +tan tid mycel liht +terof iseah & me mi sp+ace on      #
+dare tide
+atfallen w+as swa swa +din wille w+as. Nv drihten leof +durh   #
+tine
mildheortnysse swutela me hw+a+der ic heor+a wur+de beon mote.
<P 14>
ant +gif hit +tin milde willa beo +tu +dam cnihte his h+alo     #
asend. +Da
com him st+afne of heofenum & hine bi his nome nemde & +tus
cw+a+d. Dauid. Dauid. Aris +tin wop & +dine ben+a beo+d from
drihten ihyred & +alces +dare +ting+a +tu eard tu+d+a +te +du   #
to him
+gyrnende w+are & ga nu to moyse & his bletsunge bide. & +tu    #
+da
+gyrdan nim ant heom mid godes bletsunge for+d mid +te l+ad. &
heom mid mycele arwur+dnesse heald For+dan +de +turh heom all
middaneart sceal wur+dan onliht. +Da dude dauid swa +deo stefne
him b+ad & for+d on his w+a+g ferde mid mucele blisse god       #
heri+gende
& +dus cw+a+dende. Wuldor +de beo drihten +tare blisse +de +tu  #
me
iunnen hafst & he w+as +da six da+ges farende +da on +tam       #
seofe+den
d+a+ge he bicom to +tare ceastre +te he seolf on iboren w+as    #
+teo is
inemned animeni. & +der wunode +aht+a da+ges. +Da on +tam       #
ni+go+de
d+a+ge +ta sende him roxilus his boden to of +tare ceastre +de  #
inemned
is Iobel; & him cy+dan het +tt he swi+dlice iuntrumod w+are. &  #
hine
biddan het +tt he for his untrumnesse hine neosian sceolde. +Da
dyde dauid swa he hine biddan het & him r+adlice to com. & hine
neosian ongan. +Da he him to com +ta iseah he hu swi+dlice he   #
w+as
mid +tam swelle iw+aced. +d+at he nan +ting iseon ne mihte
ac him +te licame al toblawen w+as. +Da wear+d dauid mid mucele
wope astured & hine mid wordum grette & +tus cw+a+d Eal+a leof
f+ader roxile ne beo +tu to swi+de iunrodsod for +tissere       #
untrumnesse
ac +gebliss+a on +tine drihtine. +Da andswarde roxilus &        #
cw+a+d. Eala
+tu leof+a freond ic halsi+ge +de +turh god sylfne +tt +du      #
underfo minne
sun+a & +ta +gestreon +te ic him l+afe for+tan +de ic nu de+gen #
sceal. &
ic for +tissere untrumnesse him na len+g l+astan ne m+a+g +Da   #
sende
dauid son+a his +dreo cniht+as +tt heo sceoldon cunni+an        #
hw+a+der heo
myhton +anine mon ofahsian +te hine lacni+an mihte. +ta he +da
embe +tt w+as +ta com him st+afn of hoefenum +tus cw+a+dende.   #
Dauid
nis +de nan neod embe +tt to swincenne. +tu h+afst mid +te      #
sylfum
+tt +du him mid h+alpen miht. nim +tt water of +tan ylcan       #
putte +de he
+ar of dronc +ta he +turh +done drunc iuntrum+ad w+as & +ta     #
+gyrdan
+teron asete & he hit sy+d+dan +dicge & he bi+d son+a hal. +Da  #
dyde
dauid swa +teo st+afn him bead +ta +gyrd+an +deron a+dwoh & he  #
+t+as
<P 16>
onburi+gde & +teo untrumnesse all awei+g awat. +Da +de dauid    #
+tt iseah
+da ongon he his drihten to herien ludre st+afne & +dus cw+a+d.
Wuldor beo +te drihten & lof; +tt +du +turh +dine               #
mildheortnesse &
+turh +diss+a +gyrd+a m+a+gen +t+asne mon +geh+aled h+afst.     #
+Da he +tis
icw+adon h+afde; +ta cw+a+d +teo st+afn him eft to Eala dauid   #
yfele
cw+ade +du +t+at +du +ta hal+g+an m+a+gne to +gyrdon n+amdest.  #
+Da he 
+ta +d+at iherde +ta wear+d he miclon afurht & +dus cw+a+d      #
Eala drihten
leof ic swi+dlice syngode +turh +tt for mine nutennesse ic      #
nuste buton
hit swa w+are swa ic iseah ic swa +teah wat +tat of heom        #
moni+g+a
wundr+a iwordene beo+d ac for +tine mycele mildheortnesse       #
swutela
me hw+at heo bitacni+an. +Ta com him eft +deo st+afn to &       #
cw+a+d.
+Dauid heo tacni+a+d +ta hal+gan +drynnesse. Cypressvs          #
tacn+a+d +tone
f+ader. Cedrvs tacn+a+d +tone sun+a. Pinus tacn+a+d +tone       #
hal+g+a gast
+Da +de dauid +tt ihyrde +da wear+d he mucel iblissod & he mid  #
mucele
blisse. & gl+adnesse ham wende. ant +ta +d+as on mare+gen wolde
to hierusalem +da he w+as on midw+a+ge +ta comen him to+geanes
twe+gen si+gelharwon Son+a swa heo him to neahl+ahton. & heo on
+da +gyrdon bise+gen +da clypoden heo & +dus cw+adon Mucele     #
beo+d +ta
m+a+genu +de +tu mid +te ferest On godes nome wit halsig+a+d    #
+te. +tt
+du unc unne +tt wit heom gretan moten & unc +derto biddan. +Da
clypode dauid & cw+a+d. Me ne dafen+a+d na inc +tt to           #
+tafienne. ac
+gif +de mildheorte god inc +t+as +geunn+an wull+a. & +git      #
+t+as wur+de
beon; +gewur+de his will+a. Sona swa he +tt icw+aden h+afde     #
+ta wear+d
+te earm to +tam swi+de a+tened wi+d heore weard swa +tt he     #
nateshwon
hine him to +geteon ne mihte. & heo +da +d+arto +geanes
urnon & +ta hal+g+a +gyrden gretton & heom +d+arto bedon +Da    #
+te heo up
arisene w+aron +ta wear+d all heor+a swartnysse on hwitnesse    #
iw+and.
+Ta clypode all +deo meniu +te him mid w+as ant +dus cw+a+d.    #
Eala
drihten mucele beo+d +ta wundr+a & +ta m+ar+da +de +du +durh    #
+t+as
+gyrdan monnum isceaw+ad hafest. ant heo wundriende w+aron
heom betweonon +tt heom swa ilumpen w+as. +d+at heor+a nan      #
o+der
icnaw+an ne cu+de. +Da bedon heo dauid +tt he for godes lufe    #
mid
heom to heor+a hus+an wendan sceolde & nihtlangne first mid     #
heom
<P 18>
wuni+an sceolde. +Da cw+a+d dauid. Ne dafene+d me na +tt ic     #
inc +d+as
werne; +de +git to me +gyrn+a+d for +tam wundre +de ic ise+gen  #
h+abbe.
+tt god +almihti+g +durh incer ben+a iwroht h+af+d. & he +da    #
for+d mid
heom w+ande. +Da +de heo to heor+a hus+a comen & heo in eoden   #
+ta
eoden heor+a wif heom to+geanes & +d+as wundrian ongunnon hw+at
+deo meniu w+are +te +dider icumen w+as. +Da clypoden heo +dus
& cw+a+don. Hw+at beo +ge o+d+de hwanon cume +ge. +ta           #
andswarden
heor+a a+gene w+aras heom & +dus cw+a+don. Humeta ne icnawe     #
+git
hw+at wit beo+d +Da & swardon +da wif heom & cw+adon +tt heo    #
heora
st+afn on+git+an sceoldon ac heo heor+a anseone nateshwon       #
icnaw+an
ne cu+dan; +Ta andswardon heo. & +dus cw+adon. wit habb+a+d     #
hider
ibroht +te unc god +almihti+g +turh hine & +durh +dar+a         #
hali+gr+a +gyrd+a
m+a+gne +te he mid him h+af+t uncorne anwlite +tus awende       #
+t+as nome
is dauid. Se for godes lufe wyle nihtlongne fyrst mid us        #
wuni+an.
+Donne ma+ge +ge iseon & to so+de ilyf+an +tt wit beo+d +ta     #
ylc+a +te +git
+ar cu+don. +Da hit +ta euen w+as. & dauid +t+arto com +ta +de  #
he in
eode. & +ta +gyrd+a on his honden in ber. +da +te +da wif       #
+d+at ise+gen
+ta cw+adon heo to heor+a w+ar+as Hwi ne swutele +ge us nu +ta
wundr+a +de eowre anwliten to +tullican ihwyrfdon. +Da sceawode
dauid heom +ta +gyrd+an. +Ta +de heo +deron bis+a+gen +ta       #
urnon heo
+d+arto & heor+a twe+gen sun+a. & woldan +d+as ylc+a wilni+an   #
& heom
+derto +gebedon. +ta heo +tonon hwurfon +ta wurdon +ta twe+ge
cniht+as al swa f+a+geres hiw+as swa heor+a f+ader+as w+aron &  #
+ta
modra w+aron alswa swearte swa heo +ar w+aron. +Da clypoden heo
& cw+adon Nu hit is swutel hwa godes will+a +ar iwroht h+afde   #
& he
+ta nihtlangne first +d+ar wunede ant on mor+gen +danon wende   #
to
iordanen +tare +a +Da heo +da +dider comen +ta n+afden heo nane
scyp+an on to farenne. +Da clupode dauid to his w+arede & bead  #
heom
+tt heo of heor+a anride liht+an sceoldon & anbidian o+d +det   #
heom scyp+a
comen +tt heo on faren miht+an. & heo +ta swa dydon alle buton  #
him
ane. He nateshwon ne mihte; +Da com him st+afn of heofenum &
him to cw+a+d. +Dauid nis +de nan neod +des +de +du her fore    #
anbid+ast
ac +tu buton tweonunge ofer faren miht mid +tine fare; +dider
+tin will+a bi+d. & he +ta mid mycele blisse +da ea ofer for.   #
+Da +de
<P 20>
he on middan +tare ea w+as +ta iseah hine an reofl+a +de w+as   #
eardi+gende 
uppon +dam munte on anon scr+afe an hund +gear+a & sixti+g
+gear+a. +Da forewitegode he & +tus cw+a+d. Nu to d+a+g me      #
cyme+d
to +te +de me of +dissan reofl+an h+alen wyle. +d+at is         #
f+ader. & sune.
& hali+g gast. +Da +de he +ta ea ofer faren h+afde +da wolde    #
he for+d
on his we+g to hierusalem. ac +tt hors +de [{he{] on rad        #
nato+t+ashwon on
+tone rihte w+a+g faren wolde. ac +deo hand +de he +ta          #
+gyrd+an mid
heold wear+d a+dened wi+d +t+as scr+afes weard. +Da w+ande      #
dauid to
+dam scr+afe & all +d+at ferd +de mid him w+as. +Da +de he      #
w+as forneah
+at +t+as scr+afes dur+a +da wurdon +ta +gyrd+a +te he on       #
hond+a h+afde
on swa mucele brune +tt bifor+an alr+a +tare ferde isih+de      #
+gewende in
to +tam scr+afe. & +ta feng +te le+g +arest on +t+as reofli+an  #
fet. & swa
+geond alne +tene lichame. +tt befor+an heom all +te reofl+a    #
forborn
+te he on his lichame h+afde. & he aras swa hal & swa isund     #
swylce
he n+afre nane untrumnesse n+afde. & he +ta mid blisse +d+anon  #
ut
wende & hine to +tam +gyrd+an astreahte & hine +georne +d+arto  #
bead.
+Da +de he up aras. +da clypode he to dauide & +dus cw+a+d. Ic  #
halsi+ge
+te on godes almihti+ges nome +tt +du +geunne me +tt ic mote    #
beon fuli+gende
mid +de +tam hal+g+an m+a+gene +te me +turh godes fultum        #
ih+aled
h+af+d. Ant he +ta for godes lufen him [{hors{] findon het +tt  #
he on
faren mihte. & heo +da +danon wenden & comen on +afen to        #
ierusalem;
+Da h+afde dauid +anne wyrttun +te w+as on midden Gessemani &
(\montem oliueti\) . +Da w+as +d+ar wi+dut+an +tam wyrttune an  #
waterput
+te w+as to +tam swi+dlice bitter +d+at nan mon ne mihte anes   #
drop+an 
+d+arof anbyri+an. +Da clypode dauid & cw+a+d +d+at he wolde    #
+t+at +da
gyrd+an nihtlangne fyrst on +done put isette w+aron. & he       #
+d+as on
mor+gen heom on his wurtune asett+an wolde. +Da +te reofl+a     #
+tt iherde
+te +d+ar ih+aled w+as +tt he +det don wolde +da arn he         #
to+geanes heom.
& +ta +gyrdan +at dauide onfeng & heom on +tone put asette. &   #
hine
on +tare hwile +dus ib+ad & cw+a+d. Driht+an +du mildheort+a    #
god +gif
hit +din will+a bi+d +gecu+d +dine mihte & +tine wundr+a +turh  #
+das hal+gan
ma+gen+a on +disse stowe alswa +du dudest innan +tam scr+afe    #
+d+ar ic
fela +geare lame [{on{] l+a+gr+a l+a+g +tt mon ilyfe +tt +da    #
wundr+a so+dlice
<P 22>
+durh +de iswutelode beon & heo +da +donon +gewitan; on         #
m+are+gen +ta
heo eft +d+arto comen & +da gyrden nimen wolden +ta ne mihte    #
heom
nan mon of +dam stude aw+acgan. +Da +de dauid +tt on+geat +tt   #
heo
nateshwon of +dam stede noldon; +ta het he bitunon +tone put    #
into 
+tam wurttune. +Da +t+as binnon twelf mon+dum embe +tone ylcan  #
d+a+g
+da w+aron heo togadere iw+axene & h+afden ane +alne iw+axen    #
on lenge;
& o+dre on gr+ate. & weron ufeweard on +dreo toweaxan swylce    #
+dreo
finger mel +alc on his cun. +Da +de dauid +t+at iseah +da
het he wurcean +anne seolfrene hop of +tritti+g+a pundon &      #
bismeo+dian
abut+an +t+at treow wi+dneo+dan +t+at +d+ar on +dreo toweaxen   #
w+as. And
swa hit weox +dritti+g +gear+a. +alce +geare ane elne on lenge  #
o+dre on
grete & w+as +afre ufeweard toweaxen allswa we +ar her biforen
specon. & allswa fel+a +gear+a swa hit +der weox swa fela       #
seolfren+a
hop+a he +derto dyde & anre +gehwylc w+as on +tritti+ge pund+a  #
Dauid
leofed+a seofen hund wintra of +dam d+a+ge +de he +ta +gyrd+an  #
on +done
put asetten het; Him +ta for+d +gewitenum feng salomon to +tam
kinerice & he +ta feowerti+g+a +geare timbri+an het +tt mucele  #
tempel +tt
mon a sy+d+dan het salomones temple. +Da hit +da w+as embe      #
+done
tim+a +t+at mon beames up don sceolde +da w+as +dam wurhtan     #
+de +d+at
weorc wroht+an wone anes beames. & heo ne mihten on all his
kinerice finden n+anne +de +d+arto mihte. +Da ferden +ta        #
yldestan
cr+afte+gen binnon +done wurttun. +de w+as dauides to +dam      #
hal+gan
treowe +de he on +done put asette & +det +gemet mid heom        #
b+aron &
+d+at treow amet+an. +Da +de heo to +dam temple comen +ta       #
l+a+gdon
heo +tt met up to +dam o+dre beamum +da w+as hit ane fe+dme     #
l+angre
+tonne +ta o+dre. +ta eoden heo in to +dam kynge & to him       #
cw+adon +tt
heo on alle his kinerice nan swylc treow finden ne mihten       #
swylce
+derto wolde buton heo +d+at nimen mosten. +Da cw+a+d salomon   #
+tt he
nato+deshwon +dafian nolde for +dam +dingum +de his f+ader hit  #
+t+ar
asetten het & he swi+de mucel e+ge. & lufe +derto h+afde. Ac    #
cunni+a+d
+gyt hw+a+der +ge hit on +ani+gre o+dre stowe finden ma+gon &   #
heo +ta swa
dyden & weron seofen niht on socne ac heo hit na finden ne      #
mihten;
+Da comen heo eft to +tam kynge & him cuddon +tt heo hit        #
nahw+ar
<P 24>
find+an ne mihton elles buton heo +tt nimen mosten. +Da het he
heom faren to & forceorfan hit & +tt seolfer him to bringan     #
+de hit 
mid bifangen w+as. heo +ta swa dyden forcurfon +d+at treow wi+d
+done grund & biheowon hit on +tare ilce stowe & hit in to      #
+dam temple
beron & +tt seolfer to him brohten & he nom +ta +da             #
+tritti+g+a sylfren+a
hop+a & let slean to +dritti+g+a disc+an & let heom hon in to   #
+tam
temple for his f+ader sawle. +Ta w+as +d+at ylc+a seolfer +tt   #
+te uns+ali+g
iudas ure drihten to dea+te fore bileawede. +ta +de +tt treow   #
in to +tam 
temple ibroht w+as +ta eoden +ta ylc+a +derto +te hit +ar       #
imeten h+afdon
& +tt ylce +gemet +terto l+a+gdon. +ta +de hit +t+ar ny+der     #
il+a+gd w+as +ta
w+as hit twam f+a+dmum l+angre +tonne +tt imet were. +Da weron  #
heo
swi+de afyrhte & hit +tam kinge cyddon & +te kyng ofstlice      #
+tider wende
& wolde wit+an hw+at his so+des w+are. +Da he +da +d+at iseah
+ta wear+d he mid swi+tlicere [^NAPIER: swi licere^]            #
hatheortnysse astured & cw+a+d +tt heo
dea+te scyldi+ge w+ar+an +tt heo hine mid heor+a leasung+a on   #
+don ibroht
h+afden. Het hit +ta up ahebban +d+ar hit to sceolde. +ta +de   #
hit
+derto ibroht w+as +ta w+as hit twam f+a+dm+a sceortre +tenne   #
+da o+dre.
+Da +te he +d+at iseah +ta wear+d he swi+de +geforht iworden &  #
b+ad +tt hit
mon adun don sceolde & hit into +tam temple lecg+an & he        #
swi+dlice
bereowsode +tt he swa mucel agult h+afde +turh +d+at hali+g     #
treow.
Bead heom +ta +tt heo +da +gyt ut wendon sceoldon & fondian     #
hw+a+der
heom god almihti+g +ani+g o+der asendon wolde. & heo +ta swa    #
dyden.
On +done ylc+a d+a+g +ta funden heo son+a eall +tt heo wolden.  #
& hit to
him brohten. & heo +da hit brohten +d+ar hit beon sceolde &     #
+tt hali+g
treow innan +tam tempel l+a+g aa o+d +teo tid com +te ure       #
drihten +trowian
wolde & +d+arinne fela wundra iwrohte weron +turh +d+at hali+g  #
treow.
Hit ilamp hwilon +tt +derto eoden hundtenti+ge iudeiscr+a       #
monn+a & +tt
treow nim+an wolden & hit to +t+as sacerdes botle beron wolden.
+D+as nome w+as cericius he w+as on +tam time micl+an abisgod   #
embe
his botlung+a & imynt h+afde +tt he +tt ylce treow +derto don   #
wolde.
+da ne mihte heora nan hit of +tam styde awecg+an. +ta yrsode   #
he
wi+d heom & cw+a+d. +tt hit heor+a leasung were. & wende +ta    #
himsylf
+derto & het him mid bring+an swa fela +ax+a swa mon bi+geten   #
mihte
& he sylf +derto feng & heo hit wolden ut of +tam temple        #
h+abben.
+ta ne mihte heor+a nan hit awecgan +Da het he heom mid heor+a
+axum to gan & hit on +dreo toceorf+an. +Da wear+d hit swa      #
heard
<P 26>
swylce hit st+alen w+are. & +tare +axene sweng+as +gewendon on  #
+dare
ansyne +te hit ceorf+an sceolden +Da fering+a heom ealle on     #
hawi+gende
asprong +t+ar fyr on +dreo healfe +d+as treow+as ant forbernde
sixti+g monn+a of +tam monnum +te hit forceorf+an wolden &      #
+tone
preost for+d mid; +de heor+a hereto+g+a w+as. +Da o+dre for     #
+tare mycl+an
fyrhto +te heo +der ise+gen ut +aturnon; +Ta heo +danon ut      #
comen &
+ta ise+gen heo & eal +teo ceasterwar+a on ierusalem +tt +de    #
le+g w+as huru
feowerti+g f+a+dm+a heh +te up of +dam temple eode. & alle +ta  #
+de on
+dare ceastre w+aron on hierusalem mid mucele fyrhto fleonde    #
w+aron
for +tam myclan e+ge +te heo +t+ar ise+gen. of +tam d+a+ge      #
n+as nan mon
swa dursti+g +tt his +atrin+an durste. +Dider com in gangen     #
hwilon
an meretrix & hire +d+ar onuppon set unmyndling+a. +ta fering+a
wear+d heo b+aften al on brune +a+g+der +ge +tt r+a+gl +te heo  #
on h+afde +ge
+te licham+a al wi+d+aftan. +ta r+asde heo up & mid ludre       #
st+afne rymen
ongan & heo +dus forewitegian ongan & cw+a+d. Eala +du eadi+g   #
treow
+tt alles middaneardes h+alend on hangi+an sceal. +Da +da 
iudeiscan sacerd+as +tt iherdon +ta nomen heo hire & hire       #
swi+dlice
swing+an ongunnon & hire mid un+gemetlice pine tintre+gian      #
ongunnun
& heo +at hire witon wolden hw+at heo mid +tam worde mende +tt  #
heo
crist nemnen scolde. Heo andswarede & cw+a+d +tt heo            #
nato+teshwon
+tt secgan ne cu+de ne heo nyste hw+at buton allswa hit hire    #
on mu+de
bicom. Heo +ta nomon hyre. & on carcere~ sendon & hire          #
+terinnon
biclysde & heom +danon witan. +Da on +t+are nihte com hire to   #
godes
engel & hire bi hire nome nemd+a & to hire +dus cw+a+d.         #
Sibill+a beo
+du istrongod & +tu naht +t+as tintre+ga ne ondred for+tam +te  #
heo beo+d
+de to mycele blisse i+gearwod. & +turh +tt +de heo +dinne      #
lichame.
iswencged & ipinod habb+a+d +tin sawle sceal to ece reste       #
bicumen.
On mor+gen +ta heo eft to +tam carcerne comen & hire ut         #
l+addon +ta
clypoden heo to hire & +tus cw+adon +du myltestre s+a+g us      #
hw+at +d+at
word bihealde o+d+de hwa +de +terto wissode +te +tu swa         #
beotlice clypien
ongunne. +Da andswarde heo & +dus cw+a+d. ne s+acge ic eow      #
+gyt na
mare +tonne ic +ar s+ade. ac ic +tt to so+de wat +ta +ta ic     #
+donne bryne
+derinne +trowode +turh mine forwurht+a swa swa godes will+a    #
+ta w+as;
<P 28>
Sona swa ic +d+at word icwedon h+afde me +te licame ih+aled     #
w+as.
Nu sende +ge on mine lichame swulce tintre+ga swulce +ge        #
wullen ne
ma+ge +ge na +de ma +ta sawle ar+acan. Heo +ta nomen hire & mid
teartrum swin+gellum swungon o+d +det hir+a licame wear+d swa   #
swi+dlice
iswungon swulce he mid seaxum tosn+adod w+are. Swa heo hire
six da+ges d+a+ghwamlice mid swi+dlice swingelle swungon & hire
+donne on efen on cwearterne biclusdon. & on mor+gen +tonne heo
hire +danon ut l+addon +tonne eode heo ut hal & isund +da       #
+t+as binnon
fif nihte com hire to godes engel o+dre si+de & hire to         #
cw+a+d. Sibilla.
+du w+are +ar meretrix on +disse worulde ac +tu eart nu godes
icoren+a. +tu w+are +ar sibilla ihaten; +du eart nu susanna     #
inemned.
Nu to +disse d+a+ge +tu sceald +tone eadi+g wuldorbeah          #
underfon +de +tu
+turh +d+as tintre+ga iernod hafest & swa hw+at swa +du to      #
gode +gyrnende
bist +tu bist ty+d+a. +Da antswarede heo +tam engle & +tus      #
cw+a+d.
Ane bene leof ic +gyrnen wolde +gif hit min m+a+g+d w+are +tt   #
ic hit
+gyrnan durste. +tt ure drihten me unnon wolde +gif hit his     #
mild+a
will+a w+are +tonne +deo tid cuman scolde +tt he +trowian       #
wolde. +tt ic
+donne +ta hal+ga rode iseon moste. +Da andswarde +te engel     #
hire &
+tus cw+a+d. Eall hit bi+d swa +du bidest. & +te engel hire     #
+ta from
wende. Son+a on +tt d+a+gred +ta comen +ta ylc+a +te hire       #
tintre+gedon
& hire ut of +tam carcerne l+addon Son+a swa heo ut com +ta     #
clupode
heo & +tus cw+a+d. Nu hit is +te tim+a +tt +ge to s+ales eower  #
+gewin
endian moten. Son+a swa heo +tt word icw+aden h+afde +ta comen
godes engl+as & hire sawle of +tam licame nomen & hire mid heom
l+addon. An +dare iudeiscr+a monn+a +ta +derto racode & he mid  #
his
sweorde hire +tt heafod of asloh & heo +da +der swi+dne         #
mucelne ad
on+aldon & imynt h+afdon +tt heo +done lichame nimen wolden &   #
hine
to duste forbernon. +Da w+as on +t+are meniu +t+as folces an    #
swi+de
weli+g wif sone swa heo ihurde +tt heo +tt don wolden +ta       #
ferde heo to
mid alle +tam folce +te heo mid hire h+afde & +tone licam+a     #
nedyng+a
+at heom nam & hine for+d mid hire feri+an het & hine innon     #
hire
a+gene huse on st+anene +druh arwur+dlice biburi+gen het. +Da
iudeisc+an +ta mucele sino+d heom bitweonon h+afden. & heo +da  #
r+adden
+tt heo +t+as wifes botle al forbernon wolden. +Da +t+as        #
binnon +treom
<P 30>
da+gum heo comen alle ham to +tam wife & heo +ta swi+dlice hire
+dreati+gen ongunnon +tt heo +tone lichame a+gyfen scolde       #
Buton heo
+tt don wolde +tt heo wolden hire sylf forbernen & all +tt heo  #
ahte. +ta
+tt wif +tt ihyrde +da eode heo on di+glon & hire to drihtne    #
b+ad & +dus
cw+a+d. Drihten leof +du +ge+dafodest +tiss+an unl+adan +tt     #
heo +d+asne
licame on hire life swi+de cwylmdon & berndon +turh an word     #
+tt heo
+tine hal+ga nome forewitegode. +Gif +du heom i+dafien wulle    #
+d+at heo
+done lichame leng dreccen scylon +gewur+de +din wille. +Gif    #
hit +tonne
+din will+a ne beo for +dinre mildheortnysse swutela to         #
+dissum d+a+ge
+din wuldor +turh heom. Son+a swa heo hire +dus ib+aden h+afde  #
heom
alle on loci+gende +tt hus +tt +te hal+g+a lichame inne         #
biburi+ged w+as
wear+d al innan on brune of +dare +truh +de heo on l+a+g & +te  #
l+a+g on
+alce healfe ut r+asde +tt heo nan o+der nyston buton heo alle  #
forbeorn+an
scolden & heo +da swi+de un+geheortlice +danon flu+gon. Son+a
swa heo +danon w+andon +ta wear+d +te bryne adw+asced. +Tt wif  #
+da
son+a in eode & hire sun+a to hire clypode & to him +dus        #
sp+ac. Eale
+tu sune min mucele beo+d +ta wundr+a +te her to d+a+g          #
iwordene beo+d.
Nu bidde ic +de +tt +du n+afr+a +tas isih+de ne for+gymeleas+a  #
ac hy f+aste
on +dine imynde heald for +tam +dingum [{+te{] of +dam hal+gan  #
treowe
+te on salomones temple ibroht is +dis wundor iworden is. &     #
+durh
+tt all middaneard iholpan bi+d. & heo +ta cyrccan ar+aren het  #
ofer
+da +druh +te +de lichame inne reste. +After +tan +de +tis      #
iworden w+as
binnon sixti+g +gear+a +d+as. +trowode ure drihten +ta he w+as  #
+tritti+gwintre. 
+Da hit +da w+as embe +tone tim+a +tt +da arleas+a iudei hine
hon wolden. +ta ne mihten heo on nane stowe swylc treow finden
swylce heo hine on hon wolden. +Da clupode heor+a an & cw+a+d   #
+d+at
on salomones temple an treow w+are +tt he wende +tt +derto      #
mihte. +Da 
clypede caiphas ofer heom alle & ceas of heom allon +dreo hund
monn+a & heom bead +tt heo +derto faren scolden & +tt treow to  #
him
feccan. +Da +de heo +derto comen +da ne mihte heor+a nan hit    #
awecgan
+Da wendon heo sume eft on+gean to him & him +tt cuddon +d+ar   #
he
het faren to & forceorf+an hit on +dreo heo nateshwon ne        #
mihten.
+da iwear+d hit bitweon+an heom +tt heo am+aten tyn +aln+a of   #
+dam
<P 32>
treowe & +tt of acurf+an & heo +ta swa dyden. +ta twe+gen       #
deales heo
nateshwon forceorfan ne mihten. +Da tyn +aln+a heo on twa       #
tosl+afdon
& on +dam ilc+an temple hit all biheowen & +ta hal+g+a rode     #
+derof
wrohten & ure drihten sylf hire eft ut of +tam temple ber. +Dis
w+as all idon on +tone ylc+a fri+gd+ai +te he +drowian ongon.   #
+Da twe+gen
d+ales +d+as hal+g+a treow+as w+aron aa innan +dam temple &     #
nan mon
heom +atrin+an ne durste. +Da +d+as binnon +treo hund wintr+a   #
& xxx
wintrum +da sancta helena to hierusalem com. & +ta hal+ga rode
s+acan ongon. +Da heo +de hali+ge rode swa hit godes            #
almihti+ges
foresceawunge w+as ifunden h+afde heo +da in to +tam temple     #
com &
heo +t+at treow sceawian ongon. +Da axode heo hw+at hit w+are.  #
o+d+de
hwanon hit come. +ta s+ade hire mon +tt hit w+are il+afed of
+dare hal+ga rode & heo +ta +geornlice smeade hu hire embe +tt  #
to donne
w+are. +Da on +ta ylcan nihte +ta heo on hire reste w+as +ta    #
com
hire an st+afne to +d+as +de hire i+duht w+as +tt hit godes     #
engel w+are &
hire bi hire nome nemde & hire +ge+tuht w+as +tt heo innan      #
+dam temple
w+are & +ta bead +de engel hire +tt heo sceolde +tt hali+g      #
treow on
feower toceorfan & im+aten +ta feower d+al+as +tt +alc w+are    #
tyn +aln+a
long & bead +tt heo scolde senden +ta feower d+ales on feower   #
healfe
+disses middaneardes Heo +da on mor+gen dude allswa +de engel   #
hire
bead & heo +tt hali+g treow mid mucele arwur+dnesse for+d mid   #
hire
ferien het to constantinopolim & +ta halg+a rode for+d mid.     #
Son+a 
swa heo innon +tare ceastre com constantinopolim +da mon ferede
to+geanes hire +anne for+dfarene mon +ta het heo +tt folc       #
anbid+an ane
metmucele tid. +da h+afde heo eacswylce +da o+dre rode +te +de  #
scea+t+a on
ahon[{gen{] w+as +ta smeade heo on hire +dance on hw+a+dere     #
crist ahongen
w+as. +Da nom heo arest +teo rode +de +te scea+de on hongode. &
hire uppon +dene deaden al+a+gde & he l+a+g for+d alswa he +ar  #
dude. +ta
het heo +da o+dre nimen & uppon him sett+an. sone swa heo +dam
deade neahl+ahte +ta aras he son+a +da +de heo +d+at iseah +ta  #
wear+d
heo mucel iblissod & heo in to +tam kinge eode constantine. &   #
him
cydde +ta mer+d+a +te heo mid hire ibroht h+afde. +Da +d+as     #
binnon
six da+gum +ta fullode siluester +te pap+a +tone iudam +te      #
sancta helene
<P 34>
+ta rode t+ahte. & hine bi nome ciriacum nemde & hine on +done
ilce d+a+ge to arcebiscop hal+gode. & +des on mor+gen he wende  #
to
ierusalem. & heo for+d mid him +ta twe+gen d+ales sealde        #
o+derne d+al
he scolde don to ierusalem. o+derne to alexandriam. &  +tone    #
+dridde
d+al +te pap+a siluester for+d mid him to romeburi+g h+afde.    #
+tone
feor+dan del heo mid hire h+afde on constantinopolim. Binnon
+treom da+gum +t+as +de +teo hali+g rod ifunden w+as iudas      #
+geaf sancta
helen+a +ta fif n+a+gl+as +de ure drihten mid in+a+gl+ad w+as;  #
on +tare
ilcan nihte com hire to godes engel +ta heo on hire reste       #
w+as. &
hire be hire nome nemde & +tus cw+a+d. Helena aris & +ta        #
n+a+glas
nim & +derof wurcean hat +tt myld to constantines bridle        #
+tines sune
& nis +ani+g +tt him sy+d+dan wi+dstanden ma+ge. & moni+ge      #
scylen on god
bilyf+an +tur+d +ta wundr+a +de of +dam bridle wur+da+t. +Da    #
axode heo
hine hw+a+der heo scolde +ta n+a+gl+as mid hire l+aden +te      #
heom +d+ar
l+aten wurcen. +ta andswarde hire +te engel & +dus cw+a+d. +du  #
ne miht
heom ne of +dissere stowe l+aden +ar heo iwrohte beon ac +du    #
scealt
heom her wurcen haten. & +done bridel sy+d+dan mid +te l+aden   #
& heo
+ta dyde swa +de engel hire bead & heo +da mildn+a+gl+as        #
wurcen het &
hire sylf +dermid w+as. & on +dare hwile +de heo song +tri+g+a  #
+tt hali+g
bed +tt is pater noster +ta mild w+aron iwrohte. & heo heom to  #
constantine
brohte hire sun+a & +tonne he on rade w+as +donne wende of
+d+as horses mu+de se li+g +tt mon mihte ofer ane mile iseon &  #
+alc +tare
+te +tt wundor ise+gen swi+de afurhte weron & heo +turh +tt     #
cristendom
underfengon & swa he w+as +treo +gear farende. Swa wide swa he
hine mid him l+adde swa wide mon cristendom underfon wolde.
+Da +da +treo +gear ifyllede w+aron +ta com him godes engel to  #
& cw+a+d.
Constantinus nu hit is +te tim+a +tt +du mid godes bletsung+a   #
eft onettan
scealt to +dare hal+gan ceastre constantinopolim for +tam       #
+dingum
+de +tu godes wille & his bibod fulfremedlice ifulled h+afst.   #
+Da dude
he son+a swa +te engel him bead. sone swa he +tider com. +ta    #
het
he +tone bridel nimen & +ta hal+g+a irenu of alini+an het. &    #
heom
mid mucele arwur+dnesse in to +tare hal+g+a rode ahon het       #
+d+ar +gyt
o+d +tysne andweardan d+a+g heo ihealdene weron Amen Amen; 



<B CMANCRE>
<Q M1 IR RELT ANCR>
<N ANCR>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ANCRENE WISSE.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 249.
ED. J. R. R. TOLKIEN.
LONDON, 1962. 
PP. 29.2   - 35.13        (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 43.22  - 48.30        (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 86.6   - 92.19        (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 116.24 - 121.32       (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 162.15 - 168.21       (SAMPLE 5)
PP. 213.18 - 216.19       (SAMPLE 6)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 29>
   Wi+d alles cunnes warde dohter 
sei+d Salomon wite wel +tin heorte. for
sawle lif is in hire +gef ha is wel iloket. +Te
heorte wardeins beo+d +te fif wittes. Sih+de. & herunge.
Smecchunge. & Smeallunge. & euch limes felunge. Ant
we schulen speoken of alle. for hwa se wit +teose wel; he
de+d Salomones bode. he wit wel his heorte & his sawle
heale. +Te heorte is a ful wilde beast. & make+d moni liht
lupe as seint Gregoire sei+d. (\Nichil corde fugatius.\) Na     #
+ting
ne etflid mon sonre +ten his ahne heorte. Daui+d godes
prophete meande i sum time +tt ha wes etsteart him. (\Cor
meum dereliquit me.\) +tt is. Min heorte is edflohe me. &
eft he blisse+d him & sei+d +tt ha wes icumen ham. (\Inuenit 
seruus tuus cor suum.\) lauerd he sei+d min heorte is
<P 30>
icumen a+gein eft. ich hire habbe ifunden. Hwen se hali 
mon & se wis & se war lette hire edstearten; sare
mei an o+der of hire fluht carien. Ant hwer edbrec
ha ut from daui+d +te hale king godes prophete? hwer?
Godd wat ed his eh+turl. +turh a sih+de +tt he seh +turh
a bihaldunge as +ge schulen efter iheren. For +ti mine 
leoue sustren +te leaste +tt +ge eauer mahen luuie+d
ower +turles. Alle beon ha lutle. +te parlurs least &
nearewest. +te cla+d in ham beo twafald. Blac +tt cla+d;
+te cros hwit. wi+d innen & wi+d uten. +tt blake cla+d          #
bitacne+d 
+tt +ge beo+d blake & unwur+d to +te world wi+duten.
+tt te so+de sunne haue+d utewi+d forculet ow. & swa wi+d
ten as +ge beo+d unseowlich imaket ow +turh gleames
of his grace. +te hwite cros limpe+d to ow. For +treo crosses
beo+d. read. & blac. & hwit. +te reade limpe+d to +teo +te      #
beo+d for     
godes luue wi+d hare blod schedunge irudet & ireadet as
+te martirs weren. +te blake cros limpe+d to +teo +te makie+d 
i +te worlt hare penitence for ladliche sunnen. +te hwite
limpe+d ariht to hwit meidenhad & to cleannesse. +tet is
muche pine wel forte halden. Pine is ihwer +turh cros
idon to understonden. +Tus bitacne+d hwit cros +te warde
of hwit chastete. +tt is muche pine wel to biwitene. +te blake 
cla+d alswa teke +te bitacnunge de+d leasse eil to +te ehnen. 
& is +ticcre a+gein +te wind & wurse to seon +turh. ant
halt his heow betere for wind & for o+derhwet. loki+d +tt te
parlures beo on eauer euch half feaste & wel itachet.
& wite+d +ter ower ehenen leaste +te heorte edfleo & wende
ut as of daui+d. & ower sawle seccli sone se heo is ute. Ich
write muchel for o+dre +tt nawiht ne rine+d ow mine leoue 
sustren. for nabbe +ge nawt te nome ne ne schulen
habben +turh +te grace of godd of totilde ancres. ne of         #
tollinde 
locunges. ne lates +tt summe o+derhwiles weilawei;
uncundeliche makie+d. for a+gein cunde hit is & unmea+d
<P 31>
sulli wunder +tt te deade dotie & wi+d cwike worltmen; we
de +turh sunne. Me leoue sire sei+d sum & is hit nu se
ouer uuel forte totin utwart? +ge hit leoue suster. for
uuel +te +ter kime+d of; hit is uuel & ouer uuel to eauer
euch ancre. nomeliche to +te +gunge. & to +te alde for +ti;
+tt ha to +te +gungre +geoue+d uuel forbisne. & scheld to       #
werien 
ham wi+d. for +gef ei edwit ham; +tenne segge+d ha
anan. Me sire +teo de+d alswa +tt is betere +ten ich am & wat
betere +ten ich hwet ha haue+d to donne. leoue +gunge
ancre ofte a ful haher smi+d smeo+de+d a ful wac cnif.
+te wise folhe i wisdom; & nawt i folie. an ald ancre mei
do wel; +tt te +tu dest uuele. ah totin ut wi+d uten uuel; ne
mei ower now+der. Nim nu +geme hwet uuel beo icumen 
of totunge. nawt an uuel ne twa; ah al +te wa +tt nu
is. & eauer+gete wes. & eauer schal iwur+den; al com of         #
sih+de. 
+tt hit beo so+d; lo her preoue.
   Lucifer +turh +tt he seh & biheold on him seolf his
ahne feiernesse; leop in to prude. & bicom of angel eatelich 
deouel. Of eue ure alde moder is iwriten on alre
earst in hire sunne in+gong of hire ehsih+de. (\Vidit igitur
mulier quod bonum esset lignum ad uescendum. & pulcrum 
oculis. aspectu que delectabile; & tulit de fructu
eius & comedit. deditque uiro suo.\) +tt is. Eue biheold o +te  #
forboden 

eappel. & seh hine feier & feng to delitin i +te bihaldunge. 
& toc hire lust +ter toward. & nom & et +trof;
& +gef hire lauerd. low hu hali writ speke+d. & hu inwardliche 
hit tele+d he sunne bigon. +tus eode sunne biuoren
& makede wei to uuel lust. & com +te dede +trefter +tt al
moncun ifele+d. +Tes eappel leoue suster bitacne+d alle
+te wa +tt lust falle+d to & delit of sunne. Hwen +tu           #
bihaldest 
te mon; +tu art in eue point. +tu lokest o +te eappel. 
hwa se hefde iseid to eue +ta ha weorp earst hire ehe
<P 32>
+tron. A Eue went te awei +tu warpest ehe o +ti dea+d; hwet
hefde ha iondsweret? Me leoue sire +tu hauest woh.
hwerof chalengest tu me; +te eappel +tt ich loki on; is
forbode me to eotene & nawt to bihalden. +tus walde Eue
inohrea+de habben iondsweret. O mine leoue sustren as
eue haue+d monie dehtren +te folhi+d hare moder +te
ondswerie+d o +tisse wise. Me wenest tu sei+d sum +tt ich
wulle leapen on him +tah ich loki on him? godd wat
leoue suster mare wunder ilomp. Eue +ti moder leop
efter hire ehnen. from +te ehe to +te eappel. from +te eappel 
i parais; dun to +ter eor+de. from +te eor+de to helle. +ter
ha lei i prisun fowr +tusent +ger & mare. heo & hire were
ba. & demde al hire ofsprung to leapen al efter hire to
dea+d wi+d uten ende. Biginnunge & rote of al +tis ilke
reow+de; wes aliht sih+de. +tus ofte as me sei+d. of lutel;
muchel waxe+d. Habbe +tenne muche dred euch feble
wummon hwen +teo +te wes riht ta iwraht wi+d godes
honden; wes +turh a sih+de biswiken & ibroht in to brad
sunne. +tet al +te world ouerspreadde.
   (\Egressa est dyna filia iacob ut uideret mulieres           #
alienigenas. 
& cetera.\) A Meiden as dyna het iacobes dohter 
as hit tele+d i Genesy. eode ut to bihalden uncu+de
wummen. +get ne sei+d hit nawt +tet ha biheold wepmen.
Ant hwet come wenest tu of +tt bihaldunge? ha leas hire 
meidenhad & wes imaket hore. +trefter of +tet ilke weren 
trow+den to brokene of hehe patriarches. & a muchel
burh. forbearnd. ant te king & his sune & te burhmen
islein. +te wummen ilead for+d. hire feader & hire bre+dren
se noble princes as ha weren; utlahen imakede. +tus eode
ut hire sih+de. Al +tullich +te hali gast lette writen o boc
forte warni wummen of hare fol ehnen. ant nim +ter
of +geme +tt tis uuel of dyna com nawt of +tt ha seh sichen
emores sune +tt ha sunegede wi+d; ah dude of +tt ha lette
<P 33>
him leggen ehnen on hire. for +tt tet he dude hire wes
i +te frum+de sare hire un+tonkes.
   Alswa Bersabee +turh +tt ha unwreah hire i daui+des
sih+de; ha dude him sunegin on hire se hali king
as he wes & godes prophete. Nu kime+d for+d a feble mon.
halt him +tah ahelich +gef he haue+d a wid hod & a loke 
cape & wule iseon +gunge ancres. & loki nede ase stan
hire wlite him liki; +te naue+d nawt hire leor forbearnd
i +te sunne. & sei+d ha mei baldeliche iseon hali men.
+ge swucche as he is for his wide sleuen. Me surquide sire
ne herest tu +tt daui+d godes ahne deorling bi hwam
he seolf seide. (\Inueni uirum secundum cor meum.\) Ich habbe
ifunden q+d he mon efter min heorte. +tes +te godd
seolf seide bi +tis deorewur+de sahe king & prophete icuret
of alle; +tes +turh an ehe wurp to a wummon as ha
wesch hire; lette ut his heorte & for+get him seoluen.
swa +tt he dude +treo utnume heaued & deadliche sunnen 
o Bersabees spusbruche. +te leafdi +tt he lokede on;
treisun & monslaht on his treowe cniht. vrie hire lauerd. 
& tu a sunful mon art se swi+de hardi to keasten
cang ehnen up o +gung wummon. +ge mine leoue
sustren +gef ei is anewil to seon ow; ne wene +ge +ter
neauer god; ah leue+d him +te leasse. Nulle ich +tet
nan iseo ow bute he habbe of ower meistre spetiale
leaue. for alle +te +treo sunnen +tt ich spec of least. & al
+tt uuel of dina +tt ich spec of herre. al com nawt for
+ti +tt te wummen lokeden cangliche o wepmen; ah 
traisun inwi+d +te gale heorte. nawt ane euch fleschlich
hondlunge; ah +getten euch gal word; is ladlich vilainie.
& godes grome wur+de +tah hit ne weoxe for+dre bitweone
mon & ancre. Nu +turh riht godes wrake gea+d hit for+dre 
<P 34>
& for+dre & bikime+d ofte & ear me least wene in to +tet
fule sunne. we hit habbe+d weilawei iherd of inohe. Ne
leue ne mon ancre +te let in monnes ehe to schawin
hire seoluen. Ouer al +tt +ge habbe+d iwriten in ower riwle 
of +tinges wi+d uten; +tis point +tis article of wel to beo
bitunde; ich wulle beo best ihalden. To wummon +te wilne+d 
hit; openi+d ow o godes half. +gef ha ne speke+d nawt
+trof; leote+d swa iwur+den. bute +gef +ge dreden +tt heo       #
+trefter
beo iscandlet. Of hire ahne suster haue+d sum ibeon itemptet. 
In toward ower weoued ne beode +ge namon for
te bihalden. ah +gef his deuotiun bit hit & haue+d grant;
drahe+d ow wel inward. & te ueil adun toward ower breoste. 
ant sone do+d +te cla+d a+gein & festni+d heteueste. +gef
he loke+d toward bed o+der easke+d hwer +ge ligge+d;            #
ondswerie+d 
lihtliche. Sire +terof wel mei duhen & halde+d ow stille.
+gef bischp kime+d to seon ow; hihi+d sone towart him.
ah sweteliche biseche+d him +gef he bit to seon ow; +tt +ge
moten +ter onont halden ow towart him; as +ge habbe+d
idon & do+d to alle o+dre. +gef he wule allegate habben a
sih+de; loki+d +tt hit beo ful scheort. +te ueil anan adun. &
drahe+d ow behinden. An ancre wearnde eadmodliche
sein martin hire sih+de. ant he +teruore dude hire +te
menske +tt he neauer ne dude to nan o+der. Ant heruore
hire word is a+tet cume +tis dei iboren in hali chirche.
for as we rede+d of hire. hwa se wule hire windowes witen
wel wi+d +te uuele; ha mot ec wi+d +te gode. Hwen se +ge
moten to eani mon eawiht biteachen; +te hond ne cume
nawt ut. ne ower ut ne his in. Ant +gef hit mot cumen
in; ne rine now+der o+ter. Heo is siker sei+d hali writ; +te
feor from grunen drahe+d hire. & +teo +te luue+d peril; i peril
ha schal fallen. (\Qui caret laqueis securus est. & qui amat
periculum; incidet in illud.\) +te deofles grune is ofte itild.
+ter me least wene+d. Nis nan +tt nis dredful. +tt ha nis
ilecchet. for godd nule wite nan +tt is se fol hardi. +tet
ha ne wit wearliche wi+d him hire seoluen. +Tis is nu
of +tis wit inoh iseid ed tis chearre to warnin +ten
<P 35>
seli. we schulen +tah sone her efter speoken her of mare. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 43>
   For al uuel speche mine leoue sustren stoppi+d ower
earen. & habbe+d wleatunge of +te mu+d +te speowe+d
ut atter. (\De omni uerbo otioso & cetera.\) Vuel speche is     #
+treofald.
attri. ful. & idel. Idel speche is uuel. ful speche is wurse.   #
Attri
is +te wurste. Idel is & unnet; al +tt god ne kime+d of. & of
<P 44>
+tulli speche sei+d ure lauerd schal euch word beon irikenet. 
& i+geue reisun hwi +te an hit seide. & te o+der hit lustnede. 
ant +tis is +tah +tt leaste uuel of +te +treo uueles. Hwet hu
+tenne schal me +gelde reisun of +te wurse? hwet hu of +te
wurste? +tt is of attri & of ful speche? nawt ane +tt hit       #
speke+d;
ah +tt hit hercne+d. ful speche is as of leccherie. & of o+dre
ful+den +tt unweschene mu+des speoke+d o+derhwiles. +teose
beo+d alle ischrapede ut of ancre riwle. +te swuch ful+de
spit ut in eani ancre earen; me
schulde dutten his mud.
nawt wi+d scharpe sneateres;
ah wi+d hearde fustes. Attri speche is
heresie. +tweartouer leasunge. bacbitunge. & fikelunge.
+teos beo+d +te wurste. Heresie godd haue +tonc ne rixle+d 
nawt in englelond. leasunge is se uuel +ting. +tet
seint austin sei+d. +tt forte schilde +ti feader from dea+d; ne
schuldest tu nawt lihen. Godd seolf sei+d +tt he is so+d. &
hwet is mare a+gein so+d +ten is leas? (\Diabolus mendax
est & pater eius.\) +te deouel is leas & leasunge feader. +te   #
ilke
+tenne +te sture+d hire tunge i leasunge; ha make+d of
hire tunge cradel to +te deofles bearn & rocke+d hit            #
+geornliche 
as his nurrice.
   Bacbitunge. & fikelunge. & eggunge to don uuel;
ne beo+d nawt monnes speche; ah beo+d +te deofles
bleas & his ahne steuene. +gef ha ahen to beo feor alle
worltliche men; hwet hu ahen ancren heatien ham &
schunien +tt ha ham ne iheren? iheren ich segge. for
hwa se speke+d ham; nis ha nawt ancre. Salomon. (\Si
mordet serpens in silentio; nichil minus eo habet qui
detrahit in occulto.\) +te neddre sei+d Salomon stinge+d
al stille. ant +teo +te speke+d bihinden +tt ha nalde biuoren;
nis nawiht betere. Herst tu hu Salomon euene+d bacbitere
<P 45>
to stinginde neddre. Swa hit is witerliche ha is neddre
cundel & bere+d +teo +te uuel speke+d; atter i +te tunge.
   +Te fikelere blent mon & put him preon i +te ehe +tt he
wi+d fikele+d. (\.GG~. Adulator ei cum quo sermonem conserit. 
quasi clauum in oculo figit.\)
+te bacbitere cheowe+d ofte
monnes flesch i fridei & beake+d 
wi+d his blake bile o cwike charoines as +te +tt is
+tes deofles corbin of helle. Salomon. (\Noli esse in           #
conuiuiis 
eorum. & cetera. qui conferunt carnes ad uescendum & cetera.\)
+gef ha walde pilewin & toteoren wi+d his bile rotet stinkinde 
flesch as is reauenes cunde. +tt is. walde he seggen
uuel bi nan o+ter. bute bi +teo +te rotie+d & stinke+d al i
ful+de of hare sunne; hit were leasse wunder. ah lihte+d
up o cwic flesch. tolime+d & toluke+d hit. +tt is missei+d bi
swuch +tt is cwic ine godd; he is to +giuer reuen & to bald
mid alle. On o+der half neome+d nu +geme of hwucche
twa meosters +tes twa menestraws serui+d hare lauerd
+te deouel of helle. ful hit is to seggen; ah fulre forte
beon hit. & swa hit is allegate. (\Ne uideatur hec moralitas
minus decens. recolat in esdra quod melchia hedificauit
portam stercoris. Melchia enim corus domino interpretatur       #
filius rechab
 .id est. mollis patris. Nam uentus aquilo dissipat pluuias. &  #
faties 
tristis linguam detrahentem.\) ha beo+d +tes deofles gong
men & beo+d aa in his gong hus. +Te fikeleres meoster
is to hulie +te gong +turl. +tt he de+d as ofte as he wi+d
his fikelunge & wi+d his preisunge wri+d mon his sunne.
+tt stinke+d na +ting fulre. ant he hit hule+d & lide+d swa;    #
+tt
<P 46>
he hit nawt ne stinke+d. +Te bacbitere unlide+d hit & opene+d
swa +tt ful+de +tt hit stinke+d wide. +Tus ha beo+d aa bisie i  #
+tis
fule meoster. & ei+der wi+d o+ter striue+d her abuten.          #
+tulliche 
men stinke+d of hare stinkinde meoster. & bringe+d
euch stude o stench +tt ha to nahi+d. Vre lauerd schilde +tt te
brea+d of hare stinkinde +trote ne nahi ow neauer. O+ter
spechen fule+d. ah +teose attri+d ba+de +te earen & te heorte.
+tt +ge bet icnawen ham. +gef ei kime+d toward ow; low
her hare molden. Fikeleres beo+d +treo cunnes. +te forme
beo+d uuele inoh. +te o+tre +tah beo+d wurse. +Te +tridde +tah
beo+d wurst. (\Ve illis qui ponunt puluillos & cetera. Ve       #
illis qui
dant bonum malum. & malum bonum. ponentes lucem 
tenebras. & ten. lu. hoc scilicet detractatoribus &             #
adulatoribus 
peruenit.\) +Te forme +gef a mon is god; preise+d him
biuoren him seolf & make+d him inohrea+de +get betere
+ten he beo. & +gef he sei+d wel o+der de+d wel; heue+d hit to
hehe up wi+d ouerherunge. +Te o+der +gef a mon is uuel. &
sei+d & de+d se muche mis +tt hit beo se open sunne. +tet
he hit me mahe nanes weis allunge wi+dseggen. he
+tah biuore +te mon seolf make+d his uuel leasse. Nis
hit nawt nu he sei+d se ouer uuel as me hit make+d
nart tu nawt te ane i +tis +tis +ting +te forme ne +te
leaste. +tu hauest monie feren. let iwur+de god mon
ne geast tu nawt te ane. Moni de+d muche wurse. +te
+tridde cunne of fikelere is wurst as ich seide. for he
preise+d +te uuele & his uuele dede. as +te +te sei+d to +te
cniht. +te robbe+d his poure men. A Sire as +tu dest wel.
for eauer me schal +tene cheorl peolkin & pilien. for
he is as +te wi+din +te sprute+d ut +te betere +tt me hine      #
croppe+d 
ofte; (\laudatur peccator in desideriis anime sue & iniquus
benedicitur. Augus. Adulantium lingue alligant hominem
in peccatis.\) +tus +tes false fikeleres ablende+d +te ham      #
herni+d. 
as ich ear seide. & wrihe+d hare ful+de +tt ha hit ne
mahe stinken. & +tt is hare muchel unselh+de. for +gef
ha hit stunken; ham walde wleatie +ter wi+d. & eornen
<P 47>
to schrift & speowen hit ut +ter & schunien hit +trefter.
(\Clemens. Homicidarum tria esse genera dixit beatus petrus.
& eorum parem penam esse uoluit. Qui corporaliter occidet. 
& qui detrahit fratri. & qui inuidet.\) Bacbiteres +te bite+d   #
bihinde 
bac o+tre; beo+d of twa maneres. ah +te leatere is 
wurse. +te earre kime+d al openliche & sei+d uuel bi an o+ter. 
& speowe+d ut his atter se muchel se him eauer to
mu+d kime+d. & culche+d al ut somet +tt te attri heorte sent
up to +te tunge. Ah +te leatere kime+d for+d al on o+ter wise. 
wurse feond +ten +te o+der is. & under freondes huckel
warpe+d adun +tt heaued. fe+d on forte siken ear he eawt
segge. & make+d drupi chere. bisample+d longe abuten;
forte beo bet ileuet. hwen hit alles kime+d for+d; +tenne is
hit +geolow atter. weila he sei+d wa is me +tt he o+der heo
habbe+d swuch word icaht. Inoh ich wes abuten ah ne
healp me nawt to don her of bote. +gare is +tt ich wiste
+trof; ah +tah +turh me ne schulde hit beon neauer mare
iuppet. ah nu hit is +turh o+tre swa wide ibroht for+d. +tt
ich ne mei hit nawt wi+dsaken. Vuel me sei+d +tt hit is;
ant +get hit is wurse. Sorhful ich am & sari +tt ich hit
schal seggen. ah for so+de swa hit is & +tt is muchel     
sorhe. for i feole o+der +ting he o+der
heo is swi+de to herien. ah onont +tis +ting wa is me +teruore 
ne mei ham namon werien. +tis beo+d +te deofles
neddren +te Salomon speke+d of. Vre lauerd +turh his grace
halde ower earen feor hare attrie tungen. ne leue ow
neauer stinken +tt fule put +tt ha unwreo+d as +te fikeleres 
wreo+d. & hulie+d as ich seide. Vnwreon hit to ham seoluen 
+teo +te hit to limpe+d. & hulien hit to o+tre +tt is a
muche +teaw. nawt to +teo +te hit schulden smeallen &
heatien +tt ful+de. Nv mine leoue sustren from al uuel 
<P 48>
speche +tt is +tus +treouald. Idel. ful. & attri; halde+d
feor ower eare. Me sei+d up on ancren +tt euch meast
haue+d an ald cwene to feden hire earen. A mea+delilt 
+te mea+dele+d hire alle +te talen of +te lond. a rikelot 
+te cakele+d al +tt ha si+d & here+d. swa +tt me sei+d i        #
bisahe. 
From mulne & from chepinge. from smi+d+de & from
ancre hus me tidinge bringe+d. Wat crist +tis is a sari sahe. 
+tt ancre hus +tt schulde beon anlukest stude of alle;
schal beon ifeiet to +te ilke +treo studen; +tt meast is in of
chaffle; Ah ase cwite as +ge beo+d of +tullich leoue sustren;
weren alle o+tre ure lauerd hit u+de. Nv ich habbe
sunderlepes ispeken of +tes +treo limen. of ehe. of mu+d.
of eare. Of eare is al +tis leaste to ancre bihoue. for         #
leflich 
+ting nis hit nawt +tt ancre beore swuch mu+d. ah
muchel me mei dreden to swucche mu+des sumcheare;
+tt ha beie hire eare. Of sih+de. of speche. Of hercnunge;
is iseid sunderlepes of euchan o rawe. Cume we nu eft a+gein 
& speoken of alle imeane 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 86>
   +Te +tridde reisun of +te worldes fluht is. +te bi+gete of   #
heouene.
+te heouene is swi+de heh. hwa se wule bi+geoten hit &          #
areachen 
+ter to; hire is lutel inoh forte warpen al +te world under 
hire fotes. for +ti alle +te halhen makeden of al +te world
as a scheomel to hare uet to areache +te haouene.               #
(\Apocalypsis.
<P 87>
Vidi mulierem amictam sole & luna sub pedibus eius.\) +tis is
sein iuhanes word euuangeliste i +te apocalipse. Ich iseh a
wummon ischrud mid te sunne. & under hire uet +te mone.
+te mone wone+d & waxe+d. ne nis neauer studeuest. & bitacne+d
for +ti worltliche +tinges +te beo+d as +te mone eauer ichange.
+tes mone mot te wummon halden under hire uet. +tt is
worldliche +tinges totreoden & forhohien. +te wule heouene      #
areachen 
& beo +ter ischrud mi+d te so+de Sunne.
   +Te feor+de reisun is preoue of noblesce & of largesce.      #
Noble
men & gentile ne beore+d nanes packes. ne ne feare+d itrusset 
wi+d trussews ne wi+d purses. hit is beggilde riht to beore
bagge on bac. burgeise to beore purs; nawt godes spuse +te
is leafdi of heouene. Trussen & purses. baggen & packes beo+d
worltliche +tinges. alle eor+dliche weolen & worltliche rentes.
   +Te fifte reisun is. Noble men & wummen makie+d large
relef. ah hwa mei makie largere +ten +te o+der +teo +te sei+d
wi+d seinte peter. (\Ecce nos reliquimus omnia & secuti sumus   #
te.\)
Lauerd forte folhi +te; we habbe+d al forleauet. Nis +tis       #
large relef? 
nis +tis muche laue? Mine leoue sustren kinge & keisers
habbe+d hare liuene+d of ower large relef +tt +ge ileauet       #
habbe+d. 
lauerd forte folhi +te sei+d seinte peter we habbe+d al         #
forleauet. 
as +tah he seide. we wulle+d folhi +te i +te muchele genterise 
of +ti largesce. +tu leafdest to o+tre men alle richesces.
& makedest of al relef & lauese large. we wulle+d folhi +te. we
wulle+d don alswa. leauen al as +tu dudest. folhi +te on        #
eor+de i
+tt & in o+terhwet. forte folhi ec in to +te blisse of          #
heouene. &
+get tear ouer al folhi +te hwiderward se +tu eauer wendest
as nane ne mahen bute ane meidnes. (\Hii secuntur agnum
<P 88>
quocumque ierit. utroque scilicet. pede. id est. integritate    #
cordis & 
corporis.\)
   +Te Seste reisun is hwi +ge habbe+d +te world iflohen.       #
familiarite. 
muche cunredden. forte beo priue wi+d ure lauerd.
for +tus he sei+d bi osee. (\Ducam te in solitudinem & ibi      #
loquar 
ad cor tuum.\) Ich chulle leade +te he sei+d to his leof
mon in to anli stude. & ter ich chulle luueliche speoke to
+tin heorte. for me is la+d preasse. (\Ego dominus & ciuitatem  #
non ingredior.\)
   +Te Seoue+de reisun is forte beo +te brihtre
& brihtluker seon in heouene godes brihte nebscheft
for +ge beo+d iflohe +te world & hude+d ow for hire her. +get   #
ter
teken +tt +ge beon swifte as +te sunne gleam. for +ge beo+d     #
wi+d
iesu crist bitund as i sepulcre. bibarret as he wes o +te       #
deore 
rode as is iseid +truppe.
   +Te eahtu+de reisun is. to habben cwic bone. & loki+d        #
+georne 
hweruore. +te eadmode cwen hester bitacne+d ancre.
for hire nome sei+d ihud on englische ledene as me ret in 
hire boc. ha wes +te king assuer ouer al icwene. & +turh hire 
bone arudde of dea+d al hire folc +te wes to dea+d idemet.
+tis nome assuer is ispealet eadi as is ear iseid. & bitacne+d
godd eadi ouer alle. He +gette+d hester +te cwen. +tt is +te    #
treowe
ancre +tt is riht hester. +tt is riht ihud. he here+d ant       #
+gette+d 
hire alle hire benen. & sawue+d +turh ham muche folc. Monie 
schulde beo forloren; +te beo+d +turh +te ancre benen iborhen. 
<P 89>
as weren +turh hesteres. forhwon +tt ha beo hester. & halde
hire as heo dude Mardochees dohter. Mardoche 
is ispealet. (\amare conterens inpudentem\) +tt is bitterliche 
totreodinde +tene scheomelese. Scheomeles is +te mon
+te sei+d eani untu o+der de+d biuoren ancre. +gef eani +tah
swa do; & heo breoke bitterliche his untohe word. o+der his
fol dede. totreoden ham ananriht wi+d unwur+d tellunge.
+tenne is ha hester Mardochees dohter. bitterliche breokinde 
+tene scheomelese. Bitterluker ne betere ne mei ha him
neauer breoken. +ten is itaht +truppe wi+d (\Narrauerunt        #
michi\)
o+der mid tis uers. (\Declinate a me maligni & scru. m. dei
mei.\) & wende inward anan toward hire weouede ant
halde hire ed hame. as hester +te ihudde. Semei i Regum
hefde dea+d ofseruet. ah he criede mearci. ant Salomom
for+gef hit him. +tah +turh swuch a foreward. +tt he ed hame
heolde him i ierusalem as he wunede & hudde him in his huse. 
+gef he ohwider wende ut; swuch wes +te foreward. +tt he
were eft al ful +tt to dea+d idemet. he +tah brec foreward      #
+turh
his unselh+de. his +trealles edfluhen him & edbreken him
ut. & he folhede ham & wende ut efter ham. hwet wult tu mare 
wes sone forwreiet. to +te king Salomon. & for +te foreward
tobroken wes fordemet to dea+de. Vnderstonde+d +georne +tis
mine leoue sustren. Semey bitacne+d +te utwarde ancre.
nawt hester +te ihudde. for Semey sei+d audiens. +tt is         #
herinde 
on ure ledene. +tt is +te recluse +te haue+d asse earen. longe 
to here feor. +tt is hercninde efter utrunes. Semeis
stude wes ierusalem +tt he schulde in huden him +gef he walde
libben. +tis word ierusalem speale+d sih+de of peis & bitacne+d
ancre hus. for +trinne ne +tearf ha seon bute peis ane.
Ne beo neauer Semei. +tt is +te recluse swa swi+de
forgult toward te so+de Salomon. +tt is ure lauerd;
halde hire ed hame i ierusalem. +tt ha nawiht nute of +te
<P 90>
worldes baret; Salomon +gette+d hire bli+deliche his are.
ah +gef ha entremeate+d hire of +tinges wi+d uten mare
+ten ha +turfte. & hire heorte beo utewi+d. +tah a clot of      #
eor+de 
+tt is hire licome beo inwi+d +te fowr wahes; ha is iwend
wi+d Semei ut of ierusalem alswa as he dude efter his           #
+trealles.
+Teos +trealles beo+d +te e+dele fif wittes. +te schulden beon  #
et
hame & seruin hare leafdi. +tenne ha serui+d wel +te ancre
hare leafdi; hwen ha notie+d ham wel in hare sawle neode.
hwen +te ehe is o+te boc. o+ter o sum o+der god. +te eare to
godes word. +te mu+d in hali bonen. +gef ha wit ham uuele 
& let ham +turh +gemeles etfleon hire seruise. & folhi
ham utwart wi+d hire heorte as hit bitime+d eauer meast
+tt gan +te wittes ut; +te heorte gea+d ut efter. ha breke+d    #
Salomon 
foreward wi+d +te unseli Semey; & is to dea+d idemet.
For +ti mine leoue sustren me beo +ge nawt Semey; ah
beo+d hester +te ihudde. & +ge schule beon ihehet i +te blisse
of heouene. for +te nome of hester ne sei+d nawt ane            #
(\abscondita\) . 
+tt is nawt ahe ihud; ah de+d +ter teken. (\Eleuata
in populis.\) +tt is i folc ihehet. ant swa wes haster as hire  #
nome 
cwidde+d ihehet to cwen of a poure meiden. I +dis word hester
beo+d hudunge & hehnesse ifeiet to gederes. & nawt ane          #
hehnesse; 
ah hehnesse ouer folc. forte schawin witerliche +tt teo
+te hude+d ham ariht in hare ancre hus; ha schulen beon
in heouene ouer o+tres cunnes folc wur+dliche ihehet. Ba
hesteres nome. & hire hehunge pruuie+d +tt ich segge. On
o+der half understonde+d. +ge beo+d i ierusalem. +ge beo+d      #
iflohe to
chirche gri+d. for nes ower nan +tt nere sum chearre godes
+teof. Me weite+d ow +tt wite +ge ful +georne wi+d uten as me   #
de+d
+teoues +te beo+d ibroke to chirche. Halde+d ow feaste inne.
nawt te bodi ane; for +tt is +te unwur+dest. ah ower fif        #
wittes. &
te heorte ouer al & al +ter +te sawle lif is. for beo ha        #
bitrept
utewi+d; nis +ter bute leade for+d toward te gealforke. +tt is  #
+te
wearitreo of helle. Beo+d ofdred of euch mon alswa as +te
<P 91>
+teof is. leste he drahe ow utwart. +tt is biswike wi+d
sunne. & weiti forte warpen up on ow his
cleches. Biseche+d +geornliche godd as +teof ibroke to chirche.
+tt he wite & wardi ow wi+d alle +te ow weiti+d. chiteri+d.     #
ower
beoden aa. as spearewe de+d ane. for +tis an word is iseid of
anlich lif. of anlich stude. +ter me mei beon hester ihud
ut of +te world. & do betere +ten i +trung euch gastelich       #
bi+gete.
for +ti euene+d daui+d ancre to pellican. +tt leat anlich lif   #
& to spearewe ane.
Spearewe haue+d +get acunde. +tt is bi
heue ancre +tah me hit heatie. +tt is +te fallinde uuel. for    #
muche 
neod is +tt ancre of hali lif & of heh habbe fallinde uuel
+tt uuel ne segge ich nawt +tt me swa nempne+d; ah fallinde
uuel ich cleopie. licomes secnesse. o+der temptatiuns of
flesches fondunges. hwer +turh hire +tunche +tt ha falle        #
duneward 
of hali hehnesse. ha walde awilgin elles o+der to wel leoten 
of; & swa to noht iwur+den. +te flesch walde awilgin & bicumen 
to fulitohen toward hire leafdi +gef hit nere ibeaten; &
makie sec +te sawle +gef secnesse hit ne temede wi+d uuel       #
o+der wi+d sunne.
+Te licome ne +te gast +gef hare now+der nere
sec as hit time+d seldene; orhel walde awekenin. +tt is +te     #
measte
dredfule secnesse of alle. +gef godd fonde+d ancre wi+d ei uuel
utewi+d. o+der +te feond inwi+d wi+d gasteliche un+teawes. ase
Prude. Wrea+d+de. Onde o+der wi+d flesches lustes; ha haue+d    #
+tt
fallinde uuel. +tt me sei+d is spearewe uuel. godd hit wule for
+ti +tt ha beo eauer eadmod. & wi+d lah haldung of hire
seoluen. falle to +ter eor+de leste ha falle i prude.
Nv we hurte+d leoue sustren to +te feor+de dale +tt ich seide
<P 92>
schulde beon of feole fondunges. for +ter beo+d uttre & inre. &
ei+der moniualde. Salue ich bihet to teachen to+geines 
ham & bote. & hu hwa se haue+d ham;
mei gederin of +tis dale cunfort & froure to+geines ham
alle. +tet ich +turh +te lare of +te hali gast mote halden
foreward; he hit +getti me +turh ower bonen. 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 116>
   Nv mine leoue sustren monie temptatiuns ich habbe 
ow inempnet under +te seoue sunnen. nawt +tah
+te +tusent fald +tt me is wi+d itemptet. Ne mahte ich wene
ham namon nomeliche nempnin. Ah i +teo +te beo+d iseid;
alle beo+d bilokene. lut beo+d i +tis world o+der nan mid
alle. +tt ne beo wi+d hare sum o+derhwile itemptet. He
<P 117>
haue+d se monie buistes ful of his letuaires +te lu+dere
leche of helle. +te forsake+d an; he beot an o+der for+d anan
riht. +te +tridde. +te feor+de. & swa eauer for+d a+tet he      #
cume o
swuch; +tt me on ende underuo. & he +tenne wi+d +tt birle+d
him ilome. +tenche+d her of +te tale of his ampoiles.
Here+d nu as ich bihet a+gein alle fondunges moni
cunne froure. & wi+d godes grace +trefter +te Salue.
   Siker beo of fondunge hwa se eauer stont in heh
lif. Ant +tis is +te earste froure. for eauer se herre tur;
se haue+d mare windes. +ge beo+d tur ow seoluen mine
leoue sustren. ah ne drede +ge nawt hwil +ge beo+d se           #
treoweliche 
& se feste ilimet wi+d lim of anred luue euch
of ow to o+ter. for na deofles puf me +turue +ge dreden
bute +tt lim falsi. +tt is to seggen. bute luue bitweonen
ow +turh +te feond wursi. Sone se ei unlime+d hire; ha
bi+d sone iswipt for+d; bute +gef +te o+tre halden hire;
ha bi+d sone ikeast adun as +te lowse stan is from +te
tures cop; in to +te deope dich of sum suti sunne.
   Nv an o+der elne. Muchel ah to frourin ow hwen
+ge beo+d itemptet. +Te tur nis nawt asailet ne castel
ne cite. hwen ha beo+d iwunnen. Alswa +te helle weorrur 
ne asaile+d nan wi+d fondunge. +te he haue+d in
his hond; ah de+d +teo +te he naue+d nawt. for +ti leoue
sustren hwa se nis nawt asailet; ha mei sare beon ofdred 
leste ha beo biwunnen.
   +Te +tridde cunfort is. +tt ure lauerd seolf i +te pater     #
noster teache+d 
us to bidden. (\Et ne nos inducas in temptationem.\)
+tt is. lauerd feader ne suffre +tu nawt +te feond +tt ne       #
leade us
allunge in to fondunge. lo neome+d +geme. he nule nawt
+tt we bidden +tt we ne beon nawt ifondet; for +tt is ure       #
purgatoire. 
ure cleansing fur. Ah +tt we ne beon nawt allunge ibroht 
+trin wi+d consens of heorte. wi+d skiles +gettunge.
<P 118>
   +Te feor+de froure is sikernesse of godes help i +te         #
fehtunge
a+gein as seinte pawel witne+d. (\Fidelis est deus qui non      #
sinit
nos temptari ultra quam pati possumus. set & cetera.\) Godd he  #
sei+d is
treowe nule he neauer suffrin +tt te deouel tempti us ouer
+tt he si+d wel +tt we mahen +tolien. Ah i +te temptatiun he    #
haue+d 
iset to +te feond a mearke as +tah he seide. Tempte
hire swa feor; ah ne schalt tu gan na for+dre. ant swa feor
he +geue+d hire streng+de to wi+d stonden. +te feond ne mei
nawt for+dre gan a pricke. Ant +tis is +te fifte froure. 
+tt he ne mei na +ting don us; bute bi godes leaue.
+tt wes wel ischawet as +te godspel tele+d. +ta +te deoflen     #
+tet
ure lauerd weorp ut of a mon; bisohten & seiden. (\Si eicitis 
nos hinc; mittite nos in porcos.\) +gef +tu heonne driuest
us; do us i +teos swin her. +te eoden +ter an heorde. Ant he
+gettede ham. lo hu ha ne mahten nawt fule swin swenchen 
wi+d uten his leaue. Ant te swin ananriht urnen
an urn to +te sea; to adrenchen ham seoluen. Seinte Marie 
swa he stonc to +te swin. +tt ham wes leoure to adrenchen 
ham seoluen; +ten forte beoren him. ant an unseli
sunful godes ilicnesse bere+d him in his breoste. ant ne
nime+d neauer +geme. Al +tt he dude iob; eauerhe nom leue
+trof ed ure lauerd. +Te tale i dyaloge loki+d +tt +ge cunnen.
hu +te hali mon wes iwunet to seggen to +te deofles neddre.
(\Si licenciam accepisti; ego non prohibeo.\) +gef +tu hauest
leaue do sting +gef +tu maht. & bead for+d his cheke. ah he
nefde +ta nan bute to offearen him +gef bileaue him trukede. 
& hwen godd +geue+d him leaue on his leoue children
hwi is hit bute for hare muchele biheue +tah hit ham greui      #
sare.
   +Te Seste confort is +tt ure lauerd hwen 
he +tole+d +tt we beon itemptet; he pleie+d wi+d us as +te
<P 119>
moder wi+d hire +gunge deorling. fli+d from him & hut
hire. & let him sitten ane. & lokin +georne abuten cleopien 
dame dame. & wepen ane hwile. & +tenne wi+d spredde 
earmes leape+d lahhinde for+d. cluppe+d & cusse+d & wipe+d 
his ehnen. Swa ure lauerd let us ane iwur+den o+der
hwile. & wi+ddrahe+d his grace. his cunfort & his elne. +tet
we ne finde+d swetnesse i na +ting +tt we wel do+d. ne sauur
of heorte. & +tah i +tt ilke point ne luue+d us ure lauerd
neauer +te leasse. ah de+d hit for muche luue. Ant +tt          #
understond 
wel daui+d +ta he seide. (\Non me derelinquas
usque quaque.\) Allunge q+d he lauerd ne leaf +tu me nawt. lo
hu he walde +tt he leafde him; ah nawt allunge. Ant six
acheisuns noti+d. hwi godd for ure god wi+drahe+d
him o+derhwiles. An is +tt we ne pruden. An o+der +tt we
cnawen ure ahne feblesce. Vre muchele unstreng+de &
ure wacnesse. Ant +tis is a swi+de muche god as seint
gregoire sei+d. (\Magna perfectio est sue inperfectionis        #
cognitio.\) 
+tt is. muche godnesse hit is to cnawen wel his
wrecchehead & his wacnesse. (\Ecclesiasticus. Intemptatus       #
qualia scit.\)
Hwet wat he sei+d Salomon +te +tt is unfondet. & seint
austin bere+d seint gregoire witnesse. wi+d +teose wordes.
(\Melior est animus cui propria est infirmitas nota; quam
qui scrutatur celorum fastigia & terrarum fundamenta.\) Betere  #
is
+te +te trudde+d & ofseche+d wel ut his ahne feblesce; +ten
+te +te mete+d hu heh is +te heouene; & hu deop +te eor+de.
Hwen twa beore+d a bur+derne. & te o+ter leaue+d hit; +tenne
mei +te +te up halde+d hit felen hu hit weie+d. Alswa leoue
suster hwil +tt godd wi+d +te bere+d +ti temptatiun; nast tu
neauer hu heui hit is. & for +ti ed sum chearre he leaue+d
+teane. +tt tu understonde +tin ahne feblesce & his help        #
cleopie. 
& +geie lude efter him +gef he is to longe. Hald hit
<P 120>
wel +te hwile up ne derue hit te se sare. Hwa se is siker
of sucurs +tt him schal cume sone. & +gelt tah up his castel 
to his wi+deriwines; swi+de he is to edwiten. +Tenche+d
her of +te tale hu +te hali mon in his fondunge seh bi
west to+geines him se muche ferd of deoflen. & forleas
for muche dred +te streng+de of his bileaue. a+tet te o+dre
seiden him. Bihald q+d he bi esten. (\Plures nobiscum sunt
quam cum illis\) we habbe+d ma +ten heo beo+d to help on ure
halue. for +te +tridde +ting is +tt tu neauer ne beo al siker.
for sikernesse streone+d +gemeles & ouerhohe. & ba +teose
streoni+d inobedience. +Te feor+de acheisun is hwi ure lauerd
hut him; +tt tu seche him +geornluker. & cleopie & wepe efter
him as de+d +te lutel baban efter his moder. +Trefter is
+te fifte. +tt tu his +geincume underuo +te gleadluker. +Te
Seste +tt tu +trefter +te wisluker wite him. hwen +tu hauest 
icaht him & festluker halde. & segge wi+d his leof
mon. (\Tenui eum nec dimittam.\) +teose six reisuns beo+d
under +te seste froure +te +ge mahen habben mine leoue 
sustren a+geines fondunge.
   +Te Seoue+de confort is. +tt alle +te hali halhen weren
wodeliche itemptet. Nim of +te heste on alre earst.
To seinte peter seide ure lauerd. (\Ecce sathan expetiuit
uos ut cribraret sicut triticum & cetera.\) lo q+d he sathan is
+georne abuten forte ridli +te ut of mine icorene. Ah
ich habbe for +te bisoht +tt ti bileaue allunge ne trukie. 
Seint pawel hefde as he tele+d him seolf flesches
pricunge. (\Datus est michi stimulus carnis mee.\) & bed ure    #
lauerd
+georne +tt he dude hit from him. ant he nalde ah seide.
(\Sufficit tibi gratia mea. Virtus in infirmitate               #
perficitur.\) +tt is
<P 121>
mi grace schal wite +te +tt tu ne beo ouercumen. Beo strong
in unstreng+de +tt is muche mihte. Alle +te o+tre beo+d         #
icrunet 
+turh feht of fondunge. Seinte Sare nes ha
fulle +treottene +ger itemptet of hire flesch? Ah for +ti +tt
ha wiste +tt i +te muchele angoise aras +te muchele mede; 
nalde ha neauer eanes bisechen ure lauerd +tt he allunge 
deliurede hire +trof; ah +tis wes hire bone. (\Domine da
michi uirtutem resistendi.\) Lauerd +gef me streng+de forte
wi+dstonden. Efter +treottene +ger com +te acursede gast
+te hefde hire itemptet blac ase blamon & bigon to greden. 
Sare +tu hauest me ouercumen. ant heo him ondswerede. 
+tu lihest q+d ha ful +ting. nawt ich ah haue+d 
iesu crist mi lauerd. lo +te sweoke hu he walde makien 
hire aleast to leapen in to prude. ah ha wes wel
war +trof & turnde al +te meistrie to godes streng+de.
Sein Beneit. Seint Antonie. & te o+dre wel +ge witen
hu ha weren itemptet. & +turh +te temptatiuns; ipruuede 
to treowe champiuns. & swa wi+d rihte ofserueden kempene crune.
Ant +tis is +te eahtu+de elne 
+tet alswa as +te goltsmi+d cleanse+d +tt gold i+te fur;
alswa de+d godd te sawle i fur of fondunge. 

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 162>
   Schrift schal beo naket. +tt is naketliche imaket. nawt
bisamplet feire. ne hendeliche ismaket; ah schulen
+te wordes beon ischawet efter +te werkes. +tt is tacne of      #
heatunge. 
+tt me tuke+d towundre +ting +tt me heate+d swi+de. +gef
+tu heatest ti sunne; hwi spekest tu menskeliche +trof. hwi
<P 163>
hudest tu his ful+de? Spec hit scheome schendfulliche ant
tuk hit al towundre. alswa as +tu wel wult schende +ten
schucke. Sire ha sei+d +te wummon ich habbe ihaued leofmon. 
o+der ich habbe ibeon ha sei+d fol of me seoluen. +tis
nis nawt naket schrift. biclute +tu hit nawt. do awei +te
totagges. Vnwrih +te +tt sei. Sire godes are ich am a ful stod
meare. a stinkinde hore. +gef +ti fa a ful nome & cleope +ti
sunne fule. Make hit i schrift steort naket. +tt is. ne hel
+tu nawiht of al +tt li+d +ter abuten. +tah to fule me mei
seggen. Me ne +tearf nawt nempnin +tt fule dede bi his
ahne fule nome. ne +te schendfule limes bi hare ahne
nome. inoh is to seggen swa; +tt te hali schrift feader
witerliche understonde hweat tu wulle meanen. Abute 
sunne ligge+d six +ting +tt hit hulie+d. O Latin circumstances. 
On englisch totagges mahe beon icleopede. Persone.
Stude. Time. Manere. Tale. Cause. Persone; +te dude +te sunne. 
o+der wi+d hwam me hit dude; unwreo & segge. Sire
ich am a wummon & schulde bi rihte beo mare scheomeful 
to habben ispeken as ich spec. o+der idon as ich dude.
for +ti mi sunne is mare +ten of a wepmon. for hit bicom 
me wurse. Ich am an ancre. A nunne. A wif iweddet.
a meiden. a wummon +tt me lefde se wel. a wummon +te
habbe ear ibeon ibearnd wi+d swuch +ting; & ahte +te betere 
forte beon iwarnet. Sire hit wes wi+d swuch mon. &
nempni +tenne; munek. Preost. o+der clearc. & of +tt ordre.
a weddet mon. a ladles +ting. a wummon as ich am. +Tis
is nu of persone. Alswa of +te Stude. Sire +tus ich pleide      #
o+der
spec i chirche. Eede o Ring i chirch+gard. biheold hit o+ter
wreastlunge. & o+dre fol gomenes. spec +tus o+der pleide        #
biuoren 
worltliche men. biuoren recluse in ancre hus. ed o+ter
+turl +ten ich schulde. neh hali +ting. Ich custe him +ter.
hondlede him i swuch stude; o+der me seoluen. I chirche ich
+tohte +tus. biheold him ed te weouede. Of +te time alswa.
Sire ich wes of swuch ealde. +tt ich ahte wel to habben         #
wisluker 
iwite me. Sire ich hit dude in lenten. i feasten dahes. 
<P 164>
in hali dahes. hwen o+tre weren ed chirche. Sire ich
wes sone ouercumen. & is +te sunne mare +ten +gef ich hefde
ibeon akeast wi+d streng+de. & feole swenges. Sire ich wes +te
biginnunge hwi swuch +ting hefde for+d+gong. +turh +tt
ich com i swuch stude & i swuch time. Ich bi+tohte me ful
wel ear +ten ich hit eauer dude. hu uuele hit were idon;
& dude hit no+deleatere. +Te Manere alswa seggen. +tt is +te
feor+de totagge. Sire +tis sunne ich dude +tus & o +tisse
wise. +tus ich leornede hit earst. +tus ich com earst +trin.    #
+tus
ich dude hit for+dward o +tus feole wisen. +tus fulliche. +tus
scheomeliche. +tus ich sohte delit hu ich meast mahte paien 
mi lustes brune. & seggen al +te wise. Tale is +te feor+de
totagge. Cause is hwi +tu hit dudest. o+der hulpe o+tre         #
+terto. 
o+der +turh hwet hit bigon. Sire ich hit dude for delit.
for uuel luue. for bi+gete. for fearlac. for flatrunge. Sire
ich hit dude for uuel +tah +ter ne come nan of. Sire mi
lihte ondswere. o+der mine lihte lates tulden him earst up
o me. Sire of +tis word com o+ter. of +tis dede wrea+d+de &     #
vuele 
wordes. Sire +te acheisun is +tis hwi +tt uuel leaste+d +get.
+tus wac wes min heorte. Euch efter +tt he is segge hit         #
totagges. 
Mon as limpe+d to him; wummon +tt hire rine+d. for her
nabbe ich nan iseid bute forte munegin mon o+der wummon
of +teo +te to ham falle+d +turh +teo +te beo+d her iseide as   #
on
urn. +tus of +teose six wriheles despoile +ti sunne & make
hit naket i +ti schrift as Ieremie leare+d. (\Effunde sicut     #
aquam
cor tuum.\) Sched ut ase weater +tin heorte. +gef eoile schet;
of a feat; +get ter wule leauen in sumhwet of +te licur.
+gef milc schet; +te heow leaue+d. +gef win sched; +te smeal
leaue+d. ah weater gea+d al somet ut alswa sched +tin heorte. 
+tt is. al +tt uuel +tet is i +tin heorte. +gef +tu ne dest     #
nawt;
lo hu grurefulliche godd seolf +treate+d +te. +turh Naum
+te prophete. (\Ostendam gentibus nuditatem tuam & regnis
ignominiam tuam & proitiam super te abhominationes tuas.\)
<P 165>
+Tu naldest nawt unwreo +te to +te preost i schrifte; & ich
schal schawin al naket to al folc +ti cweadschipe. & to alle 
kinedomes +tine scheome sunnen. to +te kinedom of
eor+de. to +te kinedom of helle. to +te kinedom of heouene. 
& trussin al +ti schendfulnesse o +tin ahne necke. as
me de+d o +te +teof +te me leat to demen. & swa wi+d al +te
schendlac +tu schalt trusse & al torplin in to helle. O
sei+d sein Beornard. (\Quod confusionis quid ignominie
erit quando dissipatis foliis & dispersis uniuersa nudabitur
turpitudo. Sanies apparebit.\) O sei+d sein beornard. Hwuch
schendlac & hwuch sorhe bi+d +ter ed te dome. hwen alle +te
leaues schule beon to warplet. & al +tt ful+de schawe+d him.
& wringe+d ut +tt wursum biuoren al +te wide worlt. eor+dware 
& heouenes. nawt ane of werkes; ah of idelnesses. of
wordes & of +tohtes +te ne beo+d ibet her; as seint anselme
witne+d. (\Omne tempus impensum requiretur a uobis qualiter sit
expensum.\) Euc tide & time schal beo +ter irikenet hu hit
wes her ispenet. (\Quando dissipatis foliis & cetera.\) Hwen    #
alle +te
leaues he sei+d sein Beornard schulen beo towarplet. he
biheold hu adam & eue +ta ha hefden i +te frum+de isuneget; 
gedereden leaues & makeden wriheles of ham to hare
schentfule limen. +tus do+d monie efter ham. (\Declinantes
cor suum in uerba malicie ad excusandas excusationes in         #
peccatis.\)  
   Schrift schal beon ofte i maket. for +ti is
i +te sawter. (\Confitebimur tibi deus confitebimur.\) Ant
ure lauerd seolf sei+d to his deciples. (\Eamus iterum in       #
iudeam.\)
Ga we eft seide he in to Iudee. Iudee speale+d schrift. & swa
we ifinde+d +tt he wende ofte ut of galilee in to Iudee.        #
Galilee 
speale+d hweol. forte learen us +tt we of +te worldes           #
turpelnesse 
& of sunne hweol; ofte gan to schrifte. for +tis is
+te sacrement efter +te weofdes sacrement. & efter fulluht;
+tt te feond is la+dest. as he haue+d to hali men him seolf     #
sare
<P 166>
his un+tonckes ibeon hit icnawen. wule a web beon ed en
chearre wi+d a weater wel ibleachet? A sol cla+d wel iweschen?
+tu weschest +tine honden in anlepi dei twien o+der +trien.
ant nult nawt +te sawle iesu cristes spuse. +te eauer se ha is
hwittre; se ful+de is senre up on hire. bute ha beo iwesschen.
nult nawt to godes cluppunge ofte umbe seoueniht wes
schen hite eanes. (\Confiteor.\) hali weater. Beoden. hali      #
+tohtes.
Blesceunges. Cneolunges. Euch god word. euch god werc;
wessche+d smeale sunnen +te me ne mei alle seggen. Ah
eauer is schrift +te heaued.
   Schrift schal beon on hih+de imaket. +gef sunne time+d 
bi niht; anan o+der ine marhen. +gef hit time+d
be dei; ear +ten me slepe. Hwa durste slepen hwil his           #
deadliche 
fa heolde an itohe sweord up on his heaued? +Te
neappi+d up on helle breord; ha torpli+d ofte al in ear ha
least wenen. Hwa se is ifallen amid te bearninde fur.
nis he mare +ten amead +gef he li+d bi+tenche+d him hwenne
he wule arisen? A wummon +te haue+d ilosed hire nede. 
o+der a sutere his eal; seche+d hit ananriht & towent
euch strea a+tet hit beo ifunden. & godd +turh sunne forloren 
schal liggen unsoht seoue dahes fulle. Nihe +tinges
beo+d +tt ahten hihin to schrift. +te pine +tt okere+d. for     #
sunne
is +te deofles feh +tt he +geue+d to okere & to gauel of pine.
& eauer se mon li+d lengre in his sunne; se +te gauel waxe+d
of pine i purgatoire. o+der her o+der in helle. (\Ex usuris &
iniquitate & cetera.\) +Te o+der +ting is +te muchele & +te     #
reow+dfule lure 
+tt he leose+d. +tt na +ting +tt he de+d nis gode licwur+de.    #
(\Alieni
comederunt robur eius.\) +te +tridde is dea+d +tt he nat        #
hwe+der
he schule +tt ilke dei ferliche asteoruen. (\fili ne tardes &   #
cetera.\)
+Te feor+de is secnesse +tt he ne mei +tenche wel. bute ane of
<P 167>
his uuel; ne speoken as he schulde. bute granin for his eche.
& grunte mare for his stiche; +ten for his sunne. (\Sanus       #
confiteberis
& viuens.\) +Te fifte +ting is muche scheome +tt his is efter   #
val;
to liggen se longe. & hure under +te schucke. +Te seste is +te
wunde +tt euer wurse+d on hond & strengre is to healen.         #
(\Principiis 
obsta. Medicina paratur cum mala perlongas.\) +Te seoue+de      #
+ting
is uuel wune. +tt lazre bitacne+d. +te stonc se longe he hefde  #
ilein
i +ter eor+de. o hwam ure lauerd weop as +te godspel tele+d. &  #
risede
& mengde him seoluen. & +geide lude up on him ear he him
arearde. forte schawin hu strong hit is to arisen of uuel wune
+te rote+d in his sunne. Seinte Marie. lazre stonc of fowr      #
dahes.
hu stinke+d +te sunfule of fowr +ger o+der of fiue. (\Quam      #
difficile
surgit quem moles male consuetudinis premit.\) O sei+d seint
austin hu earmliche he arise+d +te under wune of sunne haue+d 
ilein longe. (\Circumdederunt me canes multi.\) Monie
hundes sei+d daui+d habbe+d biset me. Hwen gredi hundes         #
stonde+d 
biuore +te bord; nis hit neod +gerde? As ofte as eani leche+d
toward te & reaue+d +te of +ti mete. nult tu as ofte smiten?
elles ha walden kecchen of +te al +tt tu hefdest. Ant tu alswa
+tenne. nim +te +gerde of +ti tunge. & as ofte as +te dogge of  #
helle 
keche+d ei god from +te; smit him ananriht med te +gerde
of +ti tunge i schrift. & smit him se lu+derliche +tt him       #
la+di & drede
to snecchen eft toward te. +tt dunt of alle duntes is him dunte
la+dest. +te hund +te fret le+der o+der awuri+d ahte. me hit    #
beat
ananriht +tt he understonde for hwi he is ibeaten. +tenne ne
dear he nawt eft do +tt ilke. Beat alswa mid ti tunge schrift;
+te hund of helle ananriht. & he wule beon ofdred to do +te eft
<P 168>
swuch +tucke. Hwa is se fol +tt he sei+d bi +te hund +tt fret   #
le+der.
Abid a+tet to marhen. ne beat tu him nawt +getten. Ah anan
riht beat. beat beat ananriht. nis +ting i +te world +tt        #
smeorte+d 
him sarre. +ten de+d swuch beatunge. Se me deoppre
wade+d i +te feondes leiuen; se me kime+d up leatere. +Te       #
eahtu+de 
+ting is +tt seint gregoire sei+d. (\Peccatum quod per          #
penitentiam non 
diluitur; 
mox suo pondere ad aliud trahit.\) +tt is. sunne +tet nis
sone ibet; drahe+d anan an o+der. ant +tt eft +te +tridde. &    #
swa
euchan cundle+d mare & wurse cundel; +ten +te seolue moder.
+Te Nihe+de reisun is. se he ear biginne+d her; to don his      #
penitence; 
se he haue+d to beten leasse i pine of purgatoire. +Tis
beo+d ne nihe reisuns. & monie ma +ter beo+d hwi schrift ah
to beon imaket aa on hih+de. 

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P 213>
   Ed gode men neome+d al +tt ow to nede+d. Ah +tt loki+d
ow wel. +tt +ge ne kecchen +te nome of gederinde
ancren. Of mon +tt +ge misleue+d +turh his fol semblant
o+der bi his wake wordes; now+der ne neome +ge ne leasse
ne mare. neode schal driuen ow forte bidden ei +ting.
+tah eadmodliche schawi+d to gode men & wummen; ower 
meoseise. +Ge mine leoue sustren bute +gef neod
ow driue & ower meistre hit reade. ne schulen habbe
na beast bute cat ane. Ancre +te haue+d ahte. +tunche+d
bet husewif ase Marthe wes. ne lihtliche ne mei ha
nawt beo Marie marthe suster wi+d gri+dfullnesse
of heorte. for +tenne mot ha +tenchen of +te kues foddre. 
of heordemonne hure. Olhnin +te heiward. wearien
hwen he punt hire. & +gelden +tah +te hearmes. ladlich
+ting is hit wat crist hwen me make+d i tune man of
ancre ahte. Nu +tenne +gef eani mot nedlunge habben
hit; loki +tt hit namon ne eili ne ne hearmi. ne +tt hire
+toht ne beo nawiht +tron ifestnet. ancre ne ah to habben 
na +ting +tt utward drahe hire heorte. Na chaffere
ne driue +ge. Ancre +tt is chepilt. +tt is. bu+d forte sullen   #
efter
bi+gete; ha chepe+d hire sawle +te chapmon of helle. +ting
+tah +tt ha wurche+d ha mei +turh hire meistres read; for hire 
neode sullen. Hali men sumhwile liueden bi hare honden. 
Nawt deore dehtren ne wite +ge in ower hus; of
o+der monne +tinges. ne ahte ne cla+des. ne boistes. ne         #
chartres. 
<P 214>
Scoren ne cyrograffes. ne +te chirch uestemenz. ne +te
calices. bute neode o+der streng+de hit makie; o+der muchel     #
eie.
Of swuch witunge is muchel vuel ilumpen ofte si+den. In
wi+d ower wanes ne leote +ge namon slepen. +Gef muchel
neod mid alle make+d breoken ower hus. hwil hit eauer
is ibroken; habbe+d +trinne wi+d ow a wummon of cleane
lif deies & nihtes. For +ti +tt wepmen ne seo+d ow ne+ge
ham; wel mei don of ower cla+d beo hit hwit beo hit blac bute 
hit beo unorne. warm & wel iwraht. felles wel itawet. &
habbe+d ase monie as ow to neode+d to bedde & to rugge.
Nest flesch ne schal nan werien linnene cla+d bute hit
beo of hearde & of greate heorden. Stamin habbe hwa se wule; 
hwa se wule beo buten. +Ge schulen in an hetter ant
igurd liggen. swa leo+deliche +tah +tt +ge mahen honden putten 
+ter under. Nest lich nan ne gurde hire wi+d na cunne
gurdles; bute +turh schriftes leaue. ne beore na irn ne here.
ne ilespiles felles. ne ne beate hire +ter wi+d. ne wi+d        #
scurge ileadet. 
wi+d holin ne wi+d breres. ne biblodgi hire seolf; wi+dute 
schriftes leaue. nohwer ne binetli hire. ne ne beate biuoren. 
ne na keoruunge ne keorue. ne ne neome ed eanes
to lu+dere disceplines. temptatiuns forte acwenchen. ne for na
bote a+gein cundeliche secnesses. nan uncundelich lechecreft
ne leue +ge ne ne fondin. wi+d uten ower meistres read; leste 
ow stonde wurse. Ower schon i winter beon meoke.
greate & warme. I sumer +ge habbe+d leaue bearuot gan &
sitten & lihte scheos werien. Hosen wi+d ute vampez;
ligge in hwa se like+d. Ischeoed ne slepe +ge nawt. ne nohwer 
bute i bedde. Sum wummon inohrea+de were+d +te brech
of here ful wel icnottet. +te streapeles dun to +te vet ilacet
ful feaste. ah eauer is best +te swete & te swote heorte. Me is
<P 215>
leouere +tt +ge +tolien wel an heard word; +ten an heard here.
+Gef +ge muhen beo wimpelles & +ge wel wullen; beo+d bi
warme cappen. & +ter uppon; hwite o+der blake veiles. Ancren
summe sungi+d in hare wimplunge; na leasse +ten leafdis.
Ah +tah sei+d sum +tt hit limpe+d to euch wummon cundeliche 
forte werien wimpel. Nai. wimpel ne heaued cla+d
now+der ne nempne+d hali writ; ah wriheles ane. (\Ad            #
corinthios. 
Mulier uelet caput suum.\) wummon sei+d +te apostle.
schal wreon hire heaued. wrihen he sei+d nawt wimplin.
wrihen ha schal hire scheome. as eue sunfule dohter.
i mungunge of +te sunne +tt schende us on earst alle. ant
nawt drahe +te wriheles to tiffunge & to prude. Eft wule
+te apostle +tt wummon wreo i chirche hire neb +getten.
leste uuel +toht arise +turh hire onsih+de. (\Et hoc est        #
propter
angelos.\) Hwi +tenne +tu chirch ancre iwimplet openest
+ti neb to wepmonnes ehe; to+geines +te sist men; speke+d
+te apostle. +Gef +tu +te ne hudest. ah +gef +tt ei +ting       #
wrihe+d
+ti neb from monnes ehe. beo hit wah beo hit cla+d. i wel       #
itund 
windowe. wel mei duhen ancre of o+der wimplunge.
To+geines +te +te +tus ne dest; speke+d +te apostle nawt        #
to+geines 
o+tre. +tt hare ahne wah wrihe+d wi+d euch monnes sih+de.
+ter awakeni+d ofte wake +tohtes of. & werkes o+derhwiles.
Hwa se wule beon isehen; +tah ha atiffi hire nis nawt muche 
wunder. ah to godes ehnen ha is lufsumre; +te is for
+te luue of him; untiffet wi+d uten. Ring ne broche
ne habbe +ge. ne gurdel imembret. ne glouen ne nan swuch
+ting +tt ow ne deh to habben. A meoke surpliz +ge mahen
in hat sumer werien. Eauer me is leouere se +ge do+d greattre 
werkes. Ne makie +ge nane purses forte freondin
ow wi+d. bute to +teo +tt ower meistre +geue+d ow his leaue.
ne huue ne blodbinde of seole. ne laz buten leaue. Ah
schapie+d & seowi+d. & mendi+d chirche cla+des. & poure monne
hettren. na swuch +ting ne schule +ge +geouen wi+d uten
<P 216>
schriftes leaue. namare +ten neomen; +tt +ge ne seggen him
fore; as of o+dre +tinges. kun o+der cu+d+de. hu ofte +ge       #
underuengen. 
hu longe +ge edheolden. tendre of cun ne limpe+d
nawt ancre beonne. A mon wes of religiun. & com to him
efter help his flescliche bro+der. & he tahte him to his
+tridde bre+der. +te wes dead biburiet. +te ondswerede          #
wundrinde. 
Nai q+d he nis he dead? Ant ich q+d +te hali mon
am dead gasteliche. Na fleschlich freond ne easki me            #
fleschlich 
froure. Amites & parures. worldliche leafdis mahen inoh
wurchen. Ant +gef +ge ham makie+d; ne makie +ge +trof na
mustreisun. Veine gloire attre+d alle gode +teawes. & alle      #
gode 
werkes. Criblin ne schal nan of ow for luue ne for hure.
Taueles ne forbeode ich nawt. +gef sum riue+d surpliz o+der
measse kemese; o+tre riuunges ne riue ha nawt nomeliche
oueregede; bute for muche neode. Helpe+d ow wi+d ower ahne 
swinc se for+d se +ge eauer mahen to schruden ow seoluen
& feden +gef neod is. & +teo +te ow serui+d. As sein Ierome
leare+d. ne beo +ge neauer longe ne lihtliche of sum +ting      #
allunges 
idel. for anan rihtes +te feond beot hire his werc; +te
i godes werc ne swinke+d. & tutele+d anan toward hire. for
hwil he si+d hire bisi; he +tenche+d +tus. for nawt ich schulde
nu cume neh hire; ne mei ha nawt i+gemen to lustni mi
lare. Of idelnesse awakene+d muchel flesches fondunge.          #
(\Iniquitas 
Sodome; saturitas panis & ocium.\) +tt is. Sodomes
cwedschipe com of idelnesse & of ful wombe. Irn +tt li+d stille
gedere+d sone rust. weater +te ne sture+d nawt; readliche       #
stinke+d.  



<B CMHALI>
<Q M1 IR RELT HMAID>
<N HMAID>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  HALI MEIDHAD.
THE KATHERINE GROUP.
EDITED FROM MS. BODLEY 34.
BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE
ET LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXV. 
ED. S. T. R. O. D'ARDENNE. 
PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITION "LES BELLES
LETTRES", 1977. 
PP. 127.1 - 165.19^]

<P 127>
   (\Avdi filia & uide & inclina aurem tuam. & 
obliuiscere populum tuum. & domum patris tui.\) 
Daui+d +te psalm-wruhte speke+d i +te sawter towart 
godes spuse. +tt is euch meiden +tt haue+d. meii+d 
+teawes. & sei+d. Iher me dohter. bihald & bei 
+tin eare. & for-+get ti folc & tines feader hus. 
Nim +geme hwet euch wor+d beo sunderliche 
to seggen. Iher me dohter he sei+d. dohter he
cleope+d hire. for-+ti +tt ha understonde. +tt he hire 
luueliche liues luue leare+d. as feader ah his 
dohter. Ant heo him as hire feader. +te bli+teluker 
lustin. I-her me deore dohter. +tt is +geornne lustne.
<P 128>
me wi+d earen of +tin heauet. Ant bihald. +tt is. 
opene to understonde me; +te. ehnen. of +tin heorte. 
Ant bei +tin eare. +tt is. beo buhsum to mi 
lare; Ant hwet is nu +tis lare. +tt tu nimest. se 
deopliche. & learst me se +geone?. low +tis. for+get 
ti folc. & tines feader hus. +ti folc he cleope+d 
daui+d. +te +gederunge inwi+d +te of fleschliche 
+tonkes +te lea+die+d +te & dreaie+d wi+d har procunges; 
to flesliche ful+den. to licomliche lustes. 
ant eggi+d +te to brudlac. & to weres cluppunge. 
ant makie+d +te to +tenchen hwuch delit were.
+trin. hwuch eise i +te richedom +tt +teos leafdis 
habbe+d. Hu muche mahte of inker streon 
a-wakenin. A fals folc of swikel read as +ti
mu+d ule+d. as +tu schawest for+d al +tt god +tunche+d. 
ant helest al +tt bittri bale +tt is +terunder. 
& al +tt muchele lure +tt ter of arise+d. for+get 
al +tis folc mi deorewr+de dohter sei+d daui+d 
+te witege. +tt is +tes +tonkes warp ut of +tin heorte. 
+tis is babilones folc +te deofles here of helle. 
+tt is umbe forte leaden in-to +te worldes +teowdom. 
Syones dohter. Syon wes sumhwile icleopet 
+te hehe tur of ierusalem. & syon ase muchel 
on englische ledene; ase heh sih+de & bitacne+d 
+tis tur; +te hehnesse of mei+dhad. +te bi-hald as 
<P 129>
of heh; alle widewen under hire ant weddede 
ba+de. for +teos ase. Flesches +trealles. beo+d i worldes
+teowdom & wunie+d lah on eor+d+de. Ant meiden 
stont +turh heh lif i +te tur of ierusalem. Nawt 
of lah on eor+de; ah of +te hehe in heouene. 
+te is bitacnet +turh +tis; of +tt syon ha bihalt al 
+te worlt under hire. & +turh englene lif-lade 
& heouenlich +tt ha lead +tah ha licomliche wunie 
up-on eor+de. ant is as i syon +te hehe tur of
heouene. freo ouer alle from worldliche weanen. 
Ah babilones folc +tt ich ear nempnede 
+te deofles here of helle. +tt beo+d flesches lustes.
& feondes. eggunge weorri+d & warpe+d eauer 
towart tis tur forte keasten hit adun & drahen 
into +teowdom. +tt stont se hehe +terin. & is icleopet 
for +ti Syones dohter; Ant nis ha witerliche akeast 
& in-to +teowdom idrahen? +te of se swi+de heh stal 
of se muche dignete. & swuch wur+d-hchipe as hit 
is to beo godes spuse. iesu cristes brude +te lauerdes 
leofmon +tt alle +tinges buhe+d. of al worlt leafdi. 
as he is of lauerd. ilich him in halschipe. Vnwemmet 
as he is. & +tt eadi meiden his deorrewur+de 
moder ilich his hali engles & his heste halhen. 
se freo of hire seoluen; ha nawhit ne 
+tearf of o+der +ting +tenchen. bute ane of hire 
<P 130>
leofmon. wi+d treowe luue cwemen. for he 
wule carie for hire. +tet ha haue+d itake to;
of al +tt hire bihoue+d. hwil ha riht luue+d him 
wi+d so+de bileaue. Nis ha +tenne sariliche 
as ich seide ear akeast. & into +teowdom idrahen;
+te of se muchel hehschipe. & se seli freodom. 
schal lihte se lahe in-to a monnes +teowdom swa 
+tt naue+d nawt freo of hire-seoluen; & trukien
for a mon of lam; +te heouenliche lauerd; 
& lutlin hire leafdi-schipe ase muchel 
as hire leatere were is leasse wur+d & leasse haue+d; 
+ten hefde ear hire earre? & of godes brude 
& his freo dohter. for ba to-+gederes ha is. bikime+d 
+teow under mon. & his +trel to don al; & drehen 
+tt him like+d. ne sitte hit hire se uuele. & of se seli 
sikernesse. as ha wes & mahte beon under godes 
warde. de+d hire in-to drechunge. to dihten hus
& hinen. & to se monie earmden. to carien for 
se feole +ting. teonen +tolien & gromen. & scheomen 
umbe stunde. drehen se moni wa. for se wac
hure. As +te worlt for-+gelt eauer ed ten ende. Nis 
+teos witerliche akeast? Nis +tis +teowdom inoh. 
A+gein +tt ilke freolec +tt ha hefde hwil ha wes 
Syones dohter. Ant +tah nis inempnet her nawt 
of heouenliche luren +te passi+d alle wi+d-uten 
euenunge. Sikerliche swa hit feare+d. Serue 
godd ane. & alle +ting schule +te turne to gode. 
& tac +te to him treowliche. & tu schalt beo 
<P 131>
freo from alle worldliche weanen. Ne mei nan 
uuel hearmi +te. for as seinte pawel sei+d. alle 
+ting turne+d +ten gode. to gode. ne mei na +ting 
wonti +te. +te berest him +tt al wealt in-wi+d +ti 
breoste. & swuch swettnesse +tu schalt ifinden 
in his luue & in his seruise & habbe se muche 
murh+de +trof & licunge i +tin heorte, +tt tu 
naldest changin. +tt stat +tt tu liuest in; forte 
cwen icrunet. Se hende is ure lauerd. +tt nule 
he nawt +tt his icorene. beon her wi+d-ute mede. 
for se muchel cunfort is in his grace; +tt al ham 
sit +tt ha seo+d. Ant +tah hit +tunche o+tre men. 
+tt ha drehen hearde. hit ne derue+d ham 
nawt. Ah +tunche+d ham softe & habbe+d 
mare delit +trin; +ten ei o+der habbe i licunge 
of +te worlt. +tis ure lauerd +geue+d ham her as 
on earnnesse of eche mede. +tt schal cume +trefter. 
+tus habbe+d godes freond al +te frut of +tis 
worlt +tt ha forsaken habbe+d o wunderliche wise.
& heouene ed ten ende. Nu +tenne on o+der 
half. nim +te to +te worlde. & eauer se +tu mare
hauest se +te schal mare trukien. & seruin 
hwen +tu naldest godd; +tes fikele worlt ant 
frakele. & schalt beo sare ideruet under hire 
as hire +treal. on a +tusent wisen. A+geines 
<P 132>
an licunge; habben twa of+tunchunge. & 
se ofte beon imaket earm of an e+dlich mon 
+tt tu list under. for nawt o+der for nohtunge; 
+tt te schal la+di +ti lif. & bireowe +ti si+d +tt tu eauer 
dudest te in-to swuch +teowdom. for worldliche.
wunne. +tt tu wendest to bi-+geotene. ant 
hauest ifunden weane +trin & wontre+de riue. 
Al is +tt tu wendest golt; iwur+de to meastling. 
Al is nawt +tt ti folc of hwam ispec +truppe. 
biheten +te to ifinden. Nu +tu wast +tt ha habbe+d 
bichearret te as treitres. for under weole
iwunnes stude; +tu hauest her ofte helle. 
ant bute +gef +tu wi+dbreide +te; +tu bredest te 
+tt o+der. as do+d +tes cwenes. +tes riche cuntasses. 
+teos modie leaf-dis of hare liflade. So+dliche 
+gef ha bi+tenche+d ham riht. & icnawleche+d so+d; 
ich habbe ham to witnesse. Ha licki+d honi of 
+tornes. ha bugge+d al +tt swete; wi+d twa dale of 
bittre. & +tt schal for+dre i +tis writ beon openliche 
ischawet. Nis hit nower neh gold al +tt ter 
schine+d. Nat +tah na mon bute ham-seolfen 
hwet ham stiche+d ofte. Hwen +tus is of riche; 
hwet wenest tu of +te poure. +te beo+d wacliche 
i+geuen ant biset on vuele. as gentile wummon 
<P 133>
meast alle nu on worlde. +te nabbe+d hwer-wi+d 
buggen ham brudgume o-nont ham. & +geoue+d 
ham to +teowdom of an e+deluker mon. wi+d al 
+tt ha habbe+d. weilawei iesu godd hwuch unwur+de 
chaffere. wel were ham were ha on hare
brudlakes dei iboren to biburien. for-+ti seli 
meiden. for-+get ti folc as daui+d bit. +tt is. do 
awei +te +tonckes +te prokie+d +tin heorte. +turh
licomliche lustes. & lea+die+d & eggi+d towart 
+tullich +teowdom. for flecsliche ful+den. for+get 
ec +ti feader hus. as daui+d read +trefter. +ti feader 
he cleope+d +tt un+teaw +tet streonede. +te of +ti moder. 
+tt ilke unhende flesches brune +tt bearninnde 
+geoh+de of +tt licomliche lust. biuore +tt wleatewile 
werc. +tt bestelich gederunge. +tt scheomelese sompnunge. 
+tt ful of ful+de stinkinde. & untohe dede.
Hit is +tah i wedlac summes weies to +tolien as me schal 
efter iheren. +gef +tu easkest hwi godd scheop 
swuch +ting to beonne; Ich +te ondswerie. Godd 
ne scheop hit neauer swuch. Ah adam & eue turnden 
hit to beo swuch. +turh hare sunne. & merden 
ure cunde. +tt is un+teawes hus & haue+d mare hearrm 
is. al to muche lauerdom & meistrie +trinne. 
+tis cunde merre+d us. +tt daui+d cleope+d +ti feadres hus. 
+tt is +te lust of lecherie. +tt rixle+d +terwi+d-innen: 
for-+get & ga ut +trof wi+d wil of +tin heorte. & godd 
<P 134>
wule efter +te wil; +geoue streng+de sikerliche of 
his deore grace. Ne +tearf +tu bute wilnin; & leote
godd wurchen. haue trust on his help. Ne schalt 
tu na +ting godes bisechen ne luuien. +tt he hit 
nule endin. Eauer bidde his grace. & ouerkim wi+d hire 
help; +te ilke wake cunde. +te drahe+d in-to +teowdom 
& in-to ful+de fenniliche akeaste+d se monie 
(\Et concupiscet rex decorem tuum\) . ant +tenne 
wule sei+d daui+d. +te king wilni +ti wlite. +te king 
of alle kinges. desiri +te to leofmon. Ant tu 
+tenne eadi meiden +tt art iloten to him. wi+d meidhades 
merke. ne brec +tu nawt +tt seil; +tt seile+d inc 
to-gederes. Hwalt +ti nome +turh hwam +tu art
to him i-weddet. Ne leos +tu neauer for a lust. & for 
e+delich delit. of an hondhwile; +tt ilke +ting +te ne 
mei neauer beon acoueret. Mei+dhad is +tt tresor. +tt beo 
hit eanes forloren; ne bi+d hit neauer ifunden. Mei+dhad 
is +te blostme. +tt beo ha fulliche eanes forcoruen,
ne sprute+d ha eft neauer. Ah +tah ha falewi sumchere. 
mid misliche +tonkes; ha mei eft grenin. 
neauer +te leatere. Mei+dhad is +te steorre. +tt beo ha eanes 
of +te est; igan adun i +te west; neauer eft ne arise+d
ha. Mei+dhad is +tt an i+gettet te of heouene. do +tu 
hit eanes awei; ne schalt tu neauer nan o+der swuch 
acourin. for mei+dhad is heouene cwen. & worldes alesendnesse. 
+turh hwam we beo+d iborhen. Mihte ouer 
alle mihtes. & cwemest crist of alle. for-+ti +tu. Ahest 
<P 135>
meiden se deorliche witen hit. for hit is se heh 
+ting & se swi+de leof godd. & se licwur+de. & +tt an lure 
+tt is wit-uten couerunge. +gef hit is godd +tt is him-seolf 
swa ilich. hit na wunder. for he is leoflukest 
+ting. & buten eauer euch bruche & wes eauer & is; cleane 
ouer alle +ting. & ouer alle +tinge luue+d cleainnesse. 
& hwet is lufsumre +ting & mare to herien 
bi-mong eordlich +ting; +ten +te mihte of mei+dhad
bute bruche & cleane. ibrowden on him seoluen 
+te maked of eordlich mon & wummon; heouene 
engel. of heame. hine. of fa; freont. help; of 
+tt te hearmi+d. Vre flesch is ure fa. & heane+d 
us. & hearmi+d se ofte as ha us fule+d. Ah +gef 
ha wit hire wi+d-ute bruche cleane; ha is us swi+de 
godd freond. & help of treowe hine. for in 
hire & +turh hire. +tu of-earnest meden to beon 
englene euening. i +te eche blisse of heouene. 
& wi+d go+d rihte. hwen +tu hare liflade i +ti bruchele 
flesch bute bruche leadest. Engel & meiden 
beo+d euening i uertu. i meidhades mihte. 
<P 136>
+tah eadinesse ham twinni +getten & totweame. 
Ant +tah hare mei+dhad beo ed-ure nu+de. 
+tin is +te mare streng+de to halden. 
& schal wi+d mare mede beo +te for-+golden. 
+tis mihte is +tt an. +tt is +te deadliche lif. schawe+d. 
in hire an estat of +te blisse undeadlich 
i +tt eadi lond. as brude ne nime+d gume. ne 
brudgume brude & teache+d her on eor+de in 
hire liflade; +te liflade of heouene. ant i +tis 
worlt +tt is icleopet. lond of unlicnesse. edhalt 
hire burde in cleannesse of heouenlich cunde.
+tah ha beo ut-lahe +treof. & i licome of lam. 
& i bestes bodi neh liue+d heouene engel. Nis 
+tis mihte of alle swi+de to herien? +tis is +get +te 
uertu +te halt ure bruchele ueat. +tt is ure feble 
flesch as seinte pawel leare+d. In hal halinesse. 
& as +tt swote smirles. ant deorest of o+tre. +tt 
is icleopet basme. wit +tt deade licome. +tt is +ter-wi+d
ismiret. from rotunge. Al swa de+d meidenhad. 
meidenes cwike flesch wi+d-ute wemmunge. 
halt alse hire limen. & hire fif wittes. Sih+de.
& herunge. Smechunge. & smellunge. & euch 
limes felunge. +tt ha ne merren ne ne mealten 
+turh licome luftest i fleschliche ful+den +te godd 
haue+d +turh his grace se muche luue i-vnnen. 
<P 137>
+tt ha ne beo+d of +te ilich; bi hwam hit is i-writen 
+tus +turh +te prophete. +tt ha in hare wur+dinge as eaueres 
forroteden. +tt is. eauer-euch wif +tt is hire were +treal 
& liue+d i wur+dinge. he & heo ba+de. Ah nis nawt
bi +teos iseid. +tt ha forrotie+d +trin; +gef ha hare wedlac 
lahe-liche halde+d. Ah +te ilke sari wrecches +te 
i +te fule wur+dinge. vnwedde walewe+d, beo+d +te deofles 
eaueres. +tt rit ham & spure+d ham to don al +tt he 
wule. +teos walewi+d i wurdinge & forrotie+d +trin. 
a-+tet ha arisen +turh bireowsunge. & healen ham 
wi+d so+d schrift & wi+d deadbote. Eadi meiden understont 
te in hu heh dignete. +te mihte of meidhad
halt te. Ah se +tu herre stondest; beo sarre offeaaret 
to fallen. for se herre degre; se +te fal is
wurse. +te ontfule deouel bihalt te se heh istihe 
towart heouene. +turh mei+dhades mihte +tt him 
is mihte la+dest. for +turh hire leafdi mei+dhad +te 
hit bigon earst. +te meiden marie; he forleas +te 
lauerdom on moncun on eor+de. & wes helle irobbet.
& heouene bi+d ifullet. si+d +te folhin hire troden 
Meiden gan as heo dude. +te offrede hire mei+dhad; 
earst to ure lauerd for hwon +tt he cheas hire bimong 
alle wummem. forte beon his moder & +turh hire
<P 138>
mei+d-had moncun alesen. Nu bihalt te alde 
feond. & si+d i +tis mihte stonde se hehe ilich hire. & 
hire sune. as engel in heouene. i mei+dhades menske. 
& to-swelle+d of grome. & scheote+d niht & dei his 
earewen idrencte of an attri healewi towart tin 
heorte. to wundi +te wi+d wac wil. & makien to fallen 
as crist te forbeode. & eauer se +tu strengeluker stondest 
a+gein him; se he o teone. & o grome wodeluker
weorre+d. for swa muche +te hokerluker him 
+tunche+d to beon ouercumen. +tt +ting se feble as flesch 
is. & nomeliche of wummon; schal him ouerstihen.
Euch fleschlich wil & lust of leccherie. +te arise+d 
i +te heorte, is +tes feondes fla. Ah hit ne wunde+d 
+te nawt; bute hit festni in +te. & leaue se longe. 
+tt tu waldest +tt ti wil; were ibroht to werke. hwil 
+ti wit ed-stont. & chastie+d +ti wil; +tah +ti lust beore.
to +tt te leof were: ne hearme+d hit te nawiht 
ne sule+d +ti sawle. for wit is hire scheld under godes 
grace. Hwil +te schled is ihal +tt is +te wisdom of 
+ti wit. +tt hit ne breoke ne beie. +tah +ti fleschliche 
wil fals beo +ter-under. & walde as hire luste. 
+tes feondes flan beod a+gein alle on him-seoluen. 
& loke wel hweruore. Vre licomes lust is +tes
feondes foster. Vre wit is godes dohter. & ba beo+d 
<P 139>
us inwi+d. for+ti her is aa feht. & mot beon aa nede. 
for ne truke+d neauer mare hwil we her wunie+d; 
weorre ham bi-tweonen. Ah wel is him +tt folhe+d.
wit godes dohter; for ha halt wi+d meidhad. +tt 
is ure suster. Ah +ti wil on oder half. of +tet 
licomliche lust. halt wi+d leccherie. +tt is +te deofles 
streon; as heo is. & sunne hire moder 
leccherie o mei+dhad wi+d help of fleschlich wil; 
weorre+d o +tis wise. hire forme fulst is sih+de. +gef 
+tu bihaldest ofte. & stikelunge on ei mon; 
leccherie anan-riht greide+d hire wi+d +tt. to weorrin 
o +ti mei+dhad. & seche+d erst up-on hire nebbe 
to nebbe. Speche is hire o+ter help +gef +ge +trefter 
+tenne sweoked to-gedere folliche. & talki+d 
of unnet; leccherie sei+d scheome. +te menske 
of +ti mei+dhad. & tuke+d hire al to wundre. Ant 
+treat to don hire scheome. & hearmin +trefter. & halt 
hire forewart. for sone se cos kime+d for+d; +tt is 
hire +tridde fulht. +tenne spit leccherie to scheome 
& to schendlac; mei+dhad o +te nebbe. +te feor+de fulst 
to bismere. & to merren mei+dhad. +tt is un-hende felunge 
wite hire +tenne. for +gef +ge +tenne hondli+d ow in 
ei stude untuliche. +tenne smit leccherie o +te mihte 
of mei+dhad. & wunde+d hire sare. +tt dreori dede 
on ende. +geue+d +tt dea+des dunt. weila +tt reow+de. Ne 
<P 140>
acwike+d neauer mei+dhad efter +tt wunde. wei +te sehe 
+tenne. hu +te engles beo+d isweamet. +te seo+d hare 
suster se seorhfuliche aueallet. & te deoflen hoppin.
& kenchinde beaten honden. to-+gederes. Stani were 
his heorte; +gef ha ne mealte i teares. wite +te 
seli meiden. Me sei+d +tt eise make+d +teof. flih alle 
+te +ting. & forbuh +georne. +tt tus unbotelich lure 
mahe of arisen. +tt is on alre earst. +te stude. & te 
time. +te mahten bringe +te on; mis forte donne. 
wi+d o+tre un+teawes me mei stondinde fehten. Ah 
a+gein lecherie; +tu most turne +te rug +gef +tu 
wult ouercumen. & wi+d fluht fehten. & so+des +gef 
+tu +tenchest & bihaldest on heh towart te muchele
mede +tt mei+dhad abide+d +tu wult leote liht-liche 
& a-beoren bli+deliche +te derf +tt tu drehest onont. 
ti fleschliche wil; & ti licomes lust. +tt tu forberest her. 

& ane hwile leauest for blisse +tt kime+d +treof. wi+duten
eani ende. ant hwuch is +te blisse? low godd 
him-seolf sei+d +turh +te prophete. +teo +te habbe+d from 
ham forcoruen flesches lustes. & halde+d mine sabaz. 
+tt is halde+d ham i reste from +tt fleschliche werc. 
& halde+d me forewart. Ich bihate ham he sei+d i mi 
kineriche. to +geouen ham stude & betere nome; +ten 
sunen & dehtren. Hwa mahte wilni mare. (\Eunuchus. 
Qui seminauerunt sabata mea. & cetera.\) hwa mei +tenche 
<P 141>
+te weole. +te wunne. & te blisse. +te hehschipe of +tis 
mede +tt tes ilke lut word bicluppe+d abuten? Ich chulle 
he sei+d. +geouen ham stude. ant nome betere. 
+ten sunen & dehtren. Sulli biheste. Ah hit is ilich 
+tt. +tt ham is bihaten. to singen wi+d engles. hwas feolahes
ha beo+d +turh liflade of heouene. +te +get +ter 
ha wunie+d fleschliche on eor+de. to singe +tt swete song. 
ant +tt englene drem Vtnume murie. +tt nan habbe 
ne mei. bute meiden ane; singen in heouene. & folhin
godd al-mihti. euch godes ful hwider-se he eauer 
wende+d. as +te o+tre ne mahe nawt. +tah ha alle beon 
his sunen. & alle hise dehtren. ne nan of +tes o+tres 
crunen. ne hare wlite. ne hare weden. ne mahen
euenin to hare. se vnimete brihte. ha beo+d. & schene 
to bi-seon on. Ant hwet bid hare anes song. 
ant efter godd hare anes +gong. hwider-se he eauer 
turne+d. & hare fare se feier biuoren alle +te o+tre.           #
Vnderstond.
& nim +geme. al hare song in heouene; is forte 
herien godd of his grace. & of his goddede. +te i-weddede 
+tonki+d him. +tt ha lanhure hwen ha alles walden fallen 
dunewart; ne feollen nawt wi+d alle adun; for wedlac 
ham i-kepte. +te ilke lahe +te godd haue+d istald 
for +te unstronge. for wel wiste ure lauerd. +tt alle ne 
mahten nawt halden ham i +te hehe; of mei+dhades mihte. 
Ah seide +ta he spec +trof. (\Non omnes capiunt uerbum 
istu+d.\) Ne underuo+d nawt q+d he +tis ilke word alle. 
(\Quis potest capere capiat.\) Hwa-se hit mei underneomen;
underneome ich reade. q+d he. o+ter is +tt godd 
hat. & o+ter is +tt he reat. +te ilke +tinges godd hat; 
<P 142>
+tt mon mot nede halden. +te wule beon iborhen. & +teo 
beo+d to alle men o liue iliche imeane. His reades
beo+d of heh +ting. & to his leoueste freond +te lut 
i +tisse worlde. & derue beo+d to fullen & lihte +tah hwa-se 
haue+d riht luue to him. & treowe bileaue. Ah 
hwa-se halt ham. earne+d him. ouerfullet ful. & ouereorninde
met of heouenliche mede. Swuch is mei+dhades 
read +tt godd ne hat nawt; ah reat. Hwuch-se 
wule beon of +te lut of his leoueste freond. & al 
his deorling deore; don his read. & earnin him crune 
up o crune; al-swa seinte pawel +geue+d read to meidnes.
+te meidnes beo+d as he wes. & sei+d +tt wel is ham 
+tt swa ham mahen halden. Ne hat he hit nan o+ter 
weis. for eauer se deorre +ting. se is derure to biwitene. 
ant +gef hit were ihaten. & nawt tenne ihalden; +te 
bruche were deadlich sunne. for-+ti wes wedlac ilahet 
in hali chirche. as bed te seke to ihente +te unstronge. 
+te ne mahen stonden i +te hehe hul. & se neh heouene.
as mei+dhades mihte. +tis is +tenne hare song. 
+te beo+d i lahe of wedlac; +tonki godd & herien. +tet 
he grei+dede ham lanhure. +ta ha walden of meidnes 
hehschipe; a swuch stude in-to lihten. +tt ha neren nawt
ihurt. +tah ha weren ilahet. Ant hwet-se ha +trin 
hurten ham; wi+d ealmes deden healden. +tis singe+d 
+tenne iweddede. +tt ha +turh godes milce & merci of his 
grace. +ta ha driuen dunewart i wedlac etstutten. & 
i +te bed of his lahe; softeliche lihten. for hwa-se swa 
falle+d of mei+dhades menske. +tt wedlakes heuel-bedd 
nawt ham ne ihente; se ferliche ha driue+d dun 
to +ter eor+de; +tt al ham is to-limet li+d ba. & lire. 
+teos ne schulen neauer song singen in heouene. Ah 
<P 143>
schulen weimeres leo. a mare in helle bute +gef bireowsunge 
areare ham to liue. & heale ham wi+d 
so+d schrift & wi+d deadbote. for +gef ha +tus beo+d acwiket. 
& imaket hale; ha beo+d iwidewene reng & schulen 
i widewene ring biuore +te iwedde. singen in heouene. 
+tt is +tenne hare song to herien hare drihtin 
& +tonkin him +georne +tt his mihte heolt ham i cleanschipe 
chaste; efter +tt ha hefden ifondet flesches 
ful+de. & +gettede ham i +tis worlt to beten hare sunnen. 
Swete beo+d +teos songes. Ah al meidenes song 
unilich +teose. wi+d engles i-meane dream ouer alle 
+te dreames in heouene. In heore ring. +ter godd 
seolf. & his deore moder. +te deorewur+de meiden. +te
heouenliche cwen leat i +tt eadi trume. of schimminde 
meidnes. ne meten nane buten heo hoppin 
ne singen. for +tt is aa hare song. +tonki godd & herien. 
+tt he on ham se muche grace; +gef of him-seoluen.
+tt ha forsoken for him euch eor+dlich mon 
& heolden ham cleane. aa from fleschliche ful+den 
i bodi & i breoste. & i stude of mon of lam; 
token liues lauerd. +te king of hehe blisse. for hwi 
he menske+d ham se muchel biuoren alle +te 
o+dre as +te brudgume de+d his weddede spuse. 
+tis song ne muhen nane buten heo singen. al 
as ich seide ear folhi+d ure lauerd. & tah nawt 
ouer al. for i +te menske of mei+dhad & in hire 
<P 144>
mihte ne muhten nane folhin him. ne +tt 
eadi meiden englene leafdi & meidenes 
menske. bute meidnes ane. ant for-+ti is
hare aturn se briht & se schene biuoren alle 
o+tre: +tt ha gad eauer nest godd hwider-se 
he turne+d. & alle ha beo+d icrunet +te blissi+d in 
heouene wi+d kempene crune. Ah +te meidnes 
habbe+d up-o +teo +te is to alle iliche imeane; a gerlondesche 
schenre +ten +te sunne. an-urle ihaten 
o latines ledene. +te flurs +te beo+d idrahe +tron. ne 
+te +gimmes +trin. ne tellen of hare euene; Nis
na monnes speche. +tus feole priuileges schawi+d ful 
sutelliche. Hwucche beo+d +ter mei+dnes. & sundri+d 
ham from +te o+dre wi+d +tus feole mensken world buten 
ende. +gef of +tes +treo-hat. Mei+dhad & widewehad. 
& wedlac is +te +tridde; +tu maht bi +te degrez 
of hare blisse i-cnawen. hwuch & bi hu muchel;
+te an. passe+d +te o+tre. for wedlac haue+d frut. +trittifald 
in heouene. widewehad; sixti-fald. Mei+dhad; wi+d 
hundret-fald. ouergea+d ba+te. loke +tenne her-bi. 
hwa-se of hire mei+dhad; lihte+d in-to wedlac; bi hu 
monie degrez ha falle+d dunewardes. Ha is an 
hundret degrez ihehet towart heouene; hwil ha 
mei+dhad halt as +te frut preoued. & leaped in-to 
wedlac. +tt is dun neo+der to +te +trittu+de ouer +trie
twenti & +get ma bi tene. Nis +tis ed en-cherre. 
<P 145>
a muche lupe dunewart? & tah hit is to +tolien. 
& godd haued. ilahet hit. as ich ear seide. leste 
hwa-se leope. & +ter ne ed-stode lanhure. nawt nere
+tt kepte him. & driue adun swireuor+d wi+d-uten ikepunge 
deope into helle. of +teos nis nawt to speokene. 
for ha beod iscrippet ut of liues writ in heouene.
Ah schawi we +get witerluker as we ear biheten hwet 
drehen +te iweddede. +tt tu icnawe +ter-bi hu murie +tu 
maht libben meiden i +ti mei+dhad. ouer +tt heo libbe+d. to 
eche. +te murh+de. & te menske in heouene +tt mu+d ne 
mei munnen. Nu +tu art iweddet. & of se heh se lahe 
iliht. of englene ilicnesse. of iesu cristes leof-mon. of 
leafdi in heouene; in-to flesches ful+de. into beastes
liflade. in-to monnes +teowdom. & into worldes weane. 
Sei nu hwet frut. & for hwuch +ting meast. Is hit 
al for +ti o+der ane dale +ter-uore beo nu so+d-cnawes 
for te keli +ti lust wi+d ful+de of +ti licome? for gode 
hit is speatewile forte +tenche +tron. & forte speoken 
+trof? +get speatewilre. loke +tenne hwuch 
beo +tt seolue +ting. & +tt dede to donne. al +tt fule 
delit. is wi+d ful+de aleid. as +tu turnest +tin hond. ah 
+tt ladliche beast leafe+d & lest for+d. & te of-+tunchunge 
+trof; longe +trefter. Ant te vnseli horlinges 
+te vnlaheliche hit hanti+d in inwarde helle. for +tt 
<P 146>
hwilinde lust; Endelese pine. bute +gef heo hit 
leauen. & hit on eor+de under schrift bitterliche beten. 
forhohe forte don hit. +tt te +tunche+d uuel of 
& eil forte heren. for hwen hit is +tullich; & muchele 
ladluker. +ten ei wel itohe mu+d for scheome 
mahe seggen. Hwet make+d hit iluuet bituhhe 
beasteliche men. bute hare muchele vn+teaw. +tt 
bere+d ham ase beastes to al +tt ham luste+d. as +tah 
ha nefden wit inham ne tweire schad as mon 
haue+d ba of god. & of vuel. of kumelich. & vnkumelich; 
na mare +ten beastes. & dumbe neb habbe+d. 
Ah leasse +ten beastes +get for +teos do+d hare 
cunde. bute wit +tah ha beon; in a time of +te +ger. 
Moni halt him to a make. ne nule efter +tt lure; 
neauer neomen o+ter. Ant mon +tt schulde habbe 
wit. & don al +tt he dude efter hire wilnunge; fohe+d 
+tt ful+de. in eauer-euch time. & nime+d an efter an. 
& moni +tt is wurse; monie to-+gederes. Lo nu hu +tis 
vn+teaw ne euene+d +te nawt ane to wittlese beastes.
dumbe & broke-rugget ibuhe towart eor+de. 
+tu +tt art iwit wraht to godes ilicnesse. & iriht bodi 
up. & heaued towart heouene. for-+ti +tt tu schuldest 
+tin heorte heouen +tiderwart. as +tin eritage 
is. & eor+de forhohien. Nim +geme hu +tis vn+deaw 
ne make+d +te nawt ane euening ne ilich ham; 
Ah de+d muchel eateluker. & mare to witen. +te forschuptest 
<P 147>
te-seolf willes & waldes in-to hare cunde. 
+te leose+d +tenne se heh +ting +te mihte & te biheue 
of meidhades menske. for se ful ful+de. as is ischawet 
+truppe. Hwa-se of engel lihte+d to iwur+den. lahre 
+ten a beast. for se ladli cheaffere; loki hu ha 
spede. Nai +tu wult seggen. for +tt ful+de nis 
hit nawt. Ah monnes elne is muche wur+d. & 
me bihoue+d his help to fluttunge & te fode
of wif & weres gederunge worldes weole awakene+d. 
& streon of feire children. +te gleadie+d 
muchel +te ealdren. Nu +tu hauest iseid tus. & 
+tunche+d. +tt tu hauest iseid so+d; Ah ich chulle 
schawin hit. al wi+d falsschipe isme+det. Ah on 
alre earst. hwet weole o+der wunne se +ter eauer 
of cume. to deore hit bi+d aboht. +tt tu +te-seolf 
sulest fore. & +geuest +tin beare bodi to tukin 
swa to wundre. & feare wi+d se scheomeliche. wi+d 
swuch uncouerlich lure. as mei+dhades menske is. 
& te mede for worldlich bi+gete. wa wur+de +tet 
cheaffeare. for ei hwilinde weole. sullen mei+dhad 
awei +te cwen is of heouene. for al-swa as of +tis 
lure. nis nan acouerunge; al swa is euch wur+d;
unwur+d her towart. +tu seist. +tt muche confort haue+d 
wif. of hire were. +te beo+d wel igederet. & ei+der 
is allesweis. ipaiet of o+der. +ge. ahi hit is seltscene 
on eor+de. Beo nu +tah swuch. hare cunfort 
& hare delit. Hwer-in is hit al meast buten i flesches 
<P 148>
ful+de? o+der in worldes vanite. +te wur+de+d 
al to sorhe. & to sar on ende? Ant nawt ane on 
ende; Ah eauer umbe hwile. for moni +ting schal 
ham wrea+den. & gremien. & makie to carien. 
& for hare o+tres uuel; sorhin. & siken. 
Moni +ting ham schal twinnin ant tweamen. 
+tt la+d is luuie men. ant dea+des dunt on ende; 
ei+der from o+der. swa +tt ne bi+d hit nanes 
weis. +tt tet elne ne schal endin in earmde. 
ant eauer se hare murh+de; wes mare to-+gederes; 
se +te sorhe is sarre ed te twinununge. Wa is 
him for-+ti as seint Austin sei+d. +tt is wi+d to muche 
luue to ei eor+dlich +ting iteiet. for eauer 
bi+d +tt swote aboht; wi+d twa dale of bittre. ant 
a fals wunne. wi+d moni so+d teone. Ah wel is 
hire +tt luue+d godd. for him ne mei ha nanes 
weis. bute +gef ha lihe him. & his luue leaue; 
neauer mare leosen. Ah schal ifinden him aa; 
swetture & sauurure. from worlde in-to worlde. 
aa on ecnesse. +tu speke +truppe of monnes 
help to flutunge & to fode. wala lutel
+terf +tu carien. for +tin anes liuene+d. A meoke 
meiden as +tu art. & his deore leofmon 
+te is alre +tinge lauerd. +tt +ge ne mahe lihtliche. 
+tt he nule gleadliche. ifinde +te largeliche; 
al +tt te bihoue+d. ant tah +tu wone hefdest. 
o+der drehdest eani derf for his deorewur+de 
<P 149>
luue. as +te o+dre do+d for monnes; to goder-heale. 
him; +te hit +tole+d to fondi +te hwe+der +tu beo 
treowe. & grei+de+d +ti mede monifald in heouene.
vnder monnes help +tu schalt; sare beon ideruet. 
for his. & for +te worldes luue +te beo+d ba swikele. & 
wakien i moni care. nawt ane for +te-seolf; ase +terf 
godes spuse; ah schalt for monie o+tre. ase wel
for +te la+de; ofte as for +te leoue. & mare beon idrechet; 
+ten ei driuel i +te hus. o+der ei ihuret hine. 
& tin anes dale. bruken ofte wi+d bale & bitterliche 
abuggen. lutel witen her of +te selie godes spuses. 
+te i +te swote eise wi+d-ute swuch trubuil i gastelich 
este. & i breoste reste. luuie+d +te so+de luue. & in 
his anes seruise hare lif lea+de+d. I-noh wel ham 
is her. Ah unlich elles hwer. alle worldes weole ham 
is inoh riue. Al ha habbe+d +ter-of +tt ha wel wilni+d. 
Al +tt eauer godd isi+d +tt ham wule freamien. Ne 
mei na worldliche un-hap bireauin ham hare weole. 
for ha beo+d riche. & weolefule. in-wi+d i +te heorte.
as +te este. & al +te eise is. +ter as +te o+tre. beo+d         #
godlese. 
& ignahene; nabben ha neauer se muchel 
wi+d-uten i +te worlde; for +tt ha beo+d offearet eauer 
forte leosen. & +gisci+d +tah efter muchel; muche 
deale mare. wi+d earm+de bi-winne+d hit. wi+d fearlac 
biwite+d hit. for-leose+d hit wi+d sorhe Swinke+d 
<P 150>
to bi+geotene. Bi+geote+d forte leosen. leose+d
forte sorhin. +tus +tis worldes hweol warpe+d ham 
abuten. +teoues hit steoled ham. reauers hit 
robbi+d. Hare ouerherren witi+d ham ant 
wrea+de+d. Moh+de fret te clades. & cwalm slea+d 
+tet ahte. ant tah nane of +teos ne makie to 
forwurden. weole +ter ase muchel is. Eauer se +ter 
mare is. se ma beo+d +tt hit wasti+d. Ant nat ich 
neauer hwi me sei+d. +tt heo hit al weldi+d. +tt wullen 
ha nullen ha. biwinne+d & biwite+d hit to se monie 
o+tre. nawt ane to hare freond; ah to hare 
fan fulle. ne habben ne mahen +trof. +tah ha 
hit hefden isworen; bute hare anes dale. +tis is 
nu for-+ti iseid. +tt tu seidest +truppe. +tt ter walde 
wakenin of wif. & weres somnunge; richesce. & 
worldes weole. +tt tu understonde hu lutel hit 
freame+d ham +get her i +tis worlt. teke +tt hit reaue+d 
ham +te hehe riche of heouene. bute ha 
poure beon +ter-in; wi+d halinesse of heorte. +tus
wummon +gef +tt. hauest were efter +ti wil. & wunne 
ba of worldes weole; +te ne schal itiden. ant 
hwet +gef ha beo+d +te wone. +tt tu nabbe +ti wil. 
wi+d him. ne weole now+der. & schalt grenin godles
in-wi+d westi wahes. & te breades wone brede 
+ti bearn-team. & teke +tis liggen under la+dest 
mon; +tet +tah +tu hefdest. alle weole; he went
hit te to weane. for beo hit nu. +tt te beo richedom 
riue. & tine wide wahes wlonke & weolefule 
& habbe monie vnder +te. hirdmen in halle. & ti 
were beo +te wra+d. o+der iwur+de +te la+d. swa +tet 
<P 151>
inker ei+ter heasci wi+d o+ter. Hwet worltlich weole 
mei beo +te wunne? hwen he bi+d ute. hauest a+gein 
his cume. sar care & eie. Hwil he bi+d et hame, 
alle +tine wide wanes. +tunche+d +te to nearewe. his
lokunge on ageaste+d +te. his ladliche nur+d. & his
untohe bere; make+d +te to agrisen. Chit te & cheowe+d 
+te. & scheomeliche schent te tuke+d +te to bismere. 
as huler his hore beate+d +te & buste+d +te as his ibohte 
+trel. & his e+dele +teowe. +tine banes ake+d +te. & 
ti flesch smeorte+d +te. +tin heorte wi+d-inne +te swelle+d 
of sar grome. & ti neb utewi+d tendrei+d ut of 
teone. hwuch schal beo +te sompnunge bituhen ow 
ibedde? Me +teo +te best luuie+d ham; to-beore+d ofte. 
+trin. +tah ha na semblant ne makien ine marhen. 
ant ofte of moni nohtunge ne luuien ha ham 
neauer swa; bitterliche bi ham-seolf teoni+d ei+der. 
heo schal his wil muchel hire unwil wi+d muche 
weane ofte. alle his fulitohchipes. & his unhende
gomenes. ne beon ha neauer swa wi+d ful+de bifunden. 
nomeliche ibedde. ha schal wulle ha nulle ha. +tolien 
ham alle. Christ schilde euch meiden to freinin 
o+ter to wilnin. forte witen hwucche ha beon. 
<P 152>
for +teo +te fondi+d ham meast; ifin+de+d ham forcu+dest. 
& cleopie+d ham selie iwiss; +te nuten neauer 
hwet hit is. ant heatie+d +tt ha hanti+d. ah hwase 
li+d ileifen deope bisuncken. +tah him +tunche 
uuel +trof, he ne schal nawt up acouerin hwen he 
walde. bisih +te seli wummon. beo +te cnotte icnut 
eanes of wedlac. beo he cangun o+der crupel beo 
he hwuch-se eauer beo; +tu most to him halden. 
+gef +tu art feier. & wi+d gleade chere. bi-cleopest 
alle feire; ne schalt o nane wise. wite +te wi+d unword; 
ne wi+d uuel blame. +gef +tu art unwur+dliche ilatet, 
+tu maht ba to o+tre & to +ti were iwur+den 
+te unwur+dre. +gef +tu i-wur+dest him unwur+d. & 
he as unwur+d +te; o+der +gef +tu him muche luuest. 
& he let lutel to +te; hit greue+d +te se swi+de
+tt tu wult inohrea+de ase monie do+d; makien 
him poisun. & +geouen bale ibote stude. o+der 
hwa-se swa nule don; medi wi+d wicchen & forsaken 
forte drahen his luue towart hire. crist 
& hire cristendom & rihte bileaue. Nu hwet blisse 
mei +teos bruken. +te luue+d hire were wel. & 
ha habbe his la+d+de. o-+ter cunqueari his luue o 
+tulliche wise; Hwenne schulde ich al habben 
irikenet. +tt springe+d bituhe +teo +te +tus beo+d
i+gederet. +gef ha ne mei nawt temen; ha is icleopet 
gealde. hire lauerd luue+d hire. & wur+dge+d +te 
leasse. & heo as +teo +tt wurst is +trof; bi-wepe+d hire 
wur+des. & cleope+d ham wunne. & weolefule, +te teme+d 
<P 153>
hare teames. Ah nu iwur+de hit al. +tt ha 
habbe hire wil of streon +tt ha wilne+d. & loki we 
hwuch wunne +trof hire iwur+de. I +te streonunge 
+trof, is anan hire flesch. wi+d +tt ful+te ituket. as hit 
is ear ischawet. I +te bur+derne +trof; is heuinesse 
heard sar eauer umbe stunde. In his iborenesse; 
alre stiche strengest. & dea+d o+der hwiles. in his fosttrunge
for+d; moni earm hwile. Sone se hit lihte+d 
i +tis lif; mare hit bringe+d wi+d him; care +ten 
blisse. nomeliche to +te moder. for +gef hit is misboren;
as hit ilome ilimpe+d. & wonti ei of his limen. 
O+der sum mis-feare; hit is sorhe to hire. 

& to al his cun scheome. upbrrud in uuel mu+d. tale 
bimon alle. +gef hit wel iboren is. & +tunche+d wel 
forlich; fearlac of his lure; is anan wi+d him 
iboren. for nis ha neauer bute care leste hit misfeare. 
A-+tet ow+der of ham twa, ear leose o+ter. 
ant ofte hit itime+d. +tt tet leoueste bearn. & iboht 
bitterlukest. sorhe+d & sweame+d meast his ealdren 
on ende. Nu hwet wunne haue+d +te moder +te 
haue+d of +tt for-schuppet bearn. sar. & scheome 
ba+de. & fearlac of +tt for+dlich a+tt ha hit leose. for 
gode +tah hit nere neauer for godes luue. ne for hope of 
heouene. ne for dred of helle; +tu ahtest wummon 
+tis werc for +ti flesches halschipe. for +ti licomes
<P 154>
luue. & ti bodies heale. ouer alle +ting to schunien. 
for ase seinte pawel sei+d. Euch sunne +tt me de+d; 
is wi+d-ute +te bodi. bute +tis ane. alle +te o+tre sunen. 
ne beo+d bute sunnen. ah +tis is sunne. & 
ec uncumeleche+d +te. & unwurdge+d +ti bodi. sule+d 
+ti sawle & make+d schuldi towart godd. & fule+d +ti 
flesch ec. gulte+d o twa half. wrea+dest +ten al-wealdent 
wi+d +tt suti sunne. & dest woh to +te-seolf. & tu 
al willes se scheomeliche tukest. Ga we nu for+dre. 
& loki we hwuch wunne arise+d +trefter i bur+terne
of bearne. hwen +tt streon in +te awakene+d & waxe+d. 
& hu monie earm+den anan awakene+d +terwi+d. +te 
wurche+d +te wa inoh; fehte+d o +ti seolue flesch. & 
weorri+d wi+d feole weanen; o +tin ahne cunde. +tirudie
neb schal leanin. ant ase gres grenin. +tine 
ehnen schule doskin. & underneo+de wonnin. & 
of +ti breines turnunge; +tin heaued aken sare. 
Inwi+d i +ti wombe swel in. +ti butte +te bere+d +te for+d 
as a weater bulge. +tine +tearmes +tralunge & stiches 
i +ti lonke. & i +ti lendene; sar eche riue. 
heuinesse in euch lim. +tine breostes bur+terne; 
o +tine twa pappes. & te milc strunden +te +te of strike+d. 
Al is wi+d a weolewunge. +ti wlite ouerwarpen. +ti 
mu+d is bitter. & walh al +tt tu cheowest. ant hwet 
se +ti mahe hokerliche underue+d; +tt is wi+d unlust; 
<P 155>
warpe+d hit eft ut. In-wi+d al +ti weole. & ti weres wunne; 
forwur+dest a wrecche. +te carest a+gein +ti 
pinunge +traen. bineome+d +te nahtes slepes. Hwen
hit +tenne +ter-to kime+d; +tt sore sorhfule angoise. 
+tt stronge & stinkinde stiche. +tt unroles uuel. 
+tt +tine. ouer pine. +tt wondrinde +geomerunge. hwil 
+tu swenchest ter-wi+d. & +tine dea+des dute. scheome
teke +tt sar wi+d +te alde wifes scheome creft. 
+te cunnen of +tt wa-si+d. hwas help +te bihoue+d. ne 
beo hit neauer se uncumelich & nede most hit +tolien. 
+tt te +ter-in itime+d. Ne +tunche +te nan uuel 
of. for we ne edwite+d nawt wifes hare weanen. +tt 
ure alre modres drehden on us-seoluen. Ah we 
schawi+d ham for+d. forte warni mei+dnes. +tt ha 
beon +te leasse efterwart swuch +ting. & witen her+turh 
+te betere; hwet ham beo to donne. Efter al 
+tis kime+d of +tt bearn ibore +tus; wanunge. & wepunge.
+te schal abute midniht. makie +te to 
iwakien. o+der +teo +te hire stude halt. +te +tu most 
for carien. & hwet +te cader ful+den. & bearmes 
umbe stunde. to feskin & to fostrin hit. se moni 
earm hwile. & his waxunge se let. & se slaw his 
+triftre. & eauer habbe sar care. & lokin efter al +tis; 
hwenne hit forwur+de. & bringe on his moder sorhe. 
<P 156>
+tah +tu riche beo. & nurrice habbe; +tu most 
as moder carien for al +tt hire limpe+d to donne. 
+teose & o+tre earm+den +te of wedlac a-wakeni+d; 
Seinte pawel biluke+d in ane lut wordes. (\Tribulaciones 
carnis. & cetera.\) +tt is on englisch. +teo 
+tt +tulliche beo+d, schulen derf drehen. Hwa-se
+tenche+d on al +tis. & o mare +tt ter is. & nule 
wi+dbuhe +tt +ting +tt hit al of awakene+d; ha 
is heardre iheortet. +ten adamantines stan.
& mare amead +gef ha mei; +ten is meadschipe 
seolf. hire ahne fa. & hire feont. heate+d hireseolfen.
lutel wat meiden of al +tis ilke weane. 
of wifes wa wi+d hire were. ne of hare were se 
wleateful +te ha wurche+d imeane. ne of +tt sar
ne of +tt suti. i +te bur+terne of bearn. & his iborenesse. 
of nurrices wecches. ne of hire wa-si+des. 
of +tt fode fostrunge. hu muchel hit is ed eanes. 
In his mu+d famplin. now+der to bigan hit. 
ne his cader clutes. +tah +tis beon of to speokene 
vnwur+dliche +tinges; +tes +te mare ha schawi+d i hwuch 
+teodom wifes beo+d. +te +tullich mote drehen.
ant meidnes i hwuch freodom. +te freo bei+d from 
ham alle. ant hwet +gef ich easki +get +tah hit +tunche 
egede. hu +tet wif stonde. +te ihere+d hwen ha kime+d 
in; hire bearn schreamen. si+d +te cat et te 
<P 157>
fliche. & ed te hude +te hund. hire cake bearnen o 
+te stan. & hire kelf suken. +te crohe eornen i +te fur. 
& te cheorl chide+d. +tah hit beo egede isahe; hit 
ah meiden to eggi +te swi+de +ter-frommart. for nawt 
ne +tunche+d hit hire egede +tt hit fonde+d. Ne +terf 
+tt seli meiden +tt haue+d al idon hire ut of +tullich          #
+teowdom 
as godes freo dohter & his sunes spuse. drehe nawiht 
swucches. for-+ti seli meiden. for-sac al +tulli
sorhe. for utnume mede. +tt tu ahtest to don wi+d-vten 
euch hure. for nu ich habbe ihalden min biheaste 
+truppe. +tt ich walde schawin wi+d falschipe isme+det. 
& te moni an sei+d. & +tunche+d +tt hit so+d beo of 
+te selh+de & te sy +tt te i-weddede habbe+d. +tt hit ne 
feare+d nawt swa; as wene+d +tt si+d utewi+d. ah feare+d 
al o+der weis. of poure ba. & riche. of la+de ba. & 
leoue. +tt te weane ihwer passe+d +te wunne. & te 
lure ouer al; al +te bi+gete. Nu +tenne seli meiden 
+tt daui+d cleope+d dohter. iher +ti feader. & hercne 
his read. +tt he +te i +te frum+de of +tis writ 
readde. for+get ti folc +tt lihe+d +te. of weres & worldes 
wunne. +tt beo+d +tine +tohtes +te swikelliche. lea+die+d 
+te towart alle weane. & forsac +ti feader hus as
hit is +truppe iopenet. & tac +te to him treowliche 
wi+d him +tu schalt wealden. as wi+d +ti were iweddet; 
worlt buten ende. heouenliche wunnen. Eadi is +tis 
<P 158>
spuse hwas mei+dhad is unwemmet. hwen he on hire 
streone+d. & hwen ha teme+d of him; ne swinke+d ne 
ne pine+d. Eadi is +te were hwen nan ne mei beo meiden; 
bute +gef heo him luuie. ne freo; bute +gef heo 
him serui. hwas streon is undea+dlich. & hwas marhe+geue 
is; +te kinedom of heouene. Nu +tenne seli meiden. 
+gef +te is weole leof; nim +te him to lauer+d. +tt wealde+d
al +tt is & wes & eauer schal iwur+den. for +tah he beo 
richest him ane ouer alle. +te alre measte poure +te 
him to were cheose+d; is him wel i-cweme. +gef +tt tu wilnest 
were. +te muche wlite habbe; nim him of hwas
wlite beo+d awundret of; +te sunne & te mone. up-o hwas 
nebscheft; +te engles ne beo+d neauer fulle to bihalden. 
for hwen he +geue+d feirlec to al +tt is feier 
in heouene & in eor+de. Muchele mare he haue+d
wi+d-uten ei etlunge; ethalden to him-seoluen. & 
+tah hwen he +tus is. alre +tinge feherest. he underue+d 
bli+deliche. & bicluppe+d swoteliche +te alre 
ladlukeste. & make+d ham seouesi+de schenre 
+ten +te sunne. +gef +te were leof streon; nim +te 
to him under hwam +tu schalt i +ti mei+dhad temen 
dehtren & sunen of gasteliche teames. +te 
neauer deie ne mahen. ah schulen aa biuore +te pleien 
in heouene. +tt beo+d +te uertuz +tt he streone+d 
in +te +turh his swete grace. as rihtwissnesse & warschipe 
a+geines un+teawes. Mesure & mete & gastelich 
streng+de to wi+dstonde +te feond. Ant a+gein 
sunne. Simplete of semblant. buhsumnesse & stil+de. 
+tolomodnesse. & reowfulnesse of euch monnes
<P 159>
sorhe. gleadschipe i +te hali gast. & pes i +ti breoste 
of onde & of wrea+d+de. of +gisceunge. & of euch 
un+teawes weorre. Metelec. & miltschipe. & swotnesse 
of heorte. +te limpe+d alre +tinge best to meihades 
mihte. +tis is meidenes team. godes sune 
spuse. +tt schal aa libben & pleien buten ende biuoren 
hire in heouene. Ah +tah meiden beo 
wi+d unbruche of +ti bodi. & tu habbe prude. onde 
o+der wrea+d+de. +gisceunge o+der wac wil inwi+d 
heorte; +tu forhorest te wi+d +te unwiht of helle. & 
he streone+d on +te. +te team +tt tu temest. Hwen +ti 
were al-wealdent +tt tu +te to weddest. si+d & understont 
tis. +tt his fa forli+d +te. & +tt tu temest of him. +tt 
him is teame la+dest; he forhecche+d +te anan. as 
hit nis na wunder. & cwe+de+d +te al cwite; him +tt 
tu of temest. Ne kepe+d he wi+d na mon & hure
wi+d his famon; nan half dale. +te luuie+d eawiht 
buten him. ant hwet-se ha for him luuie+d; hawrea+de+d 
him swi+de. Ouer alle +ting wite +te +tt tu ne temi 
prude. bi +tes deofles streonunge. for heo of alle 
un+teawes is. hiss ealdest dohter. Earst ha wakenede 
of him +te +get he wes in heouene. for neh wi+d 
him euenald. & swa hire keaste ure feader sone 
se ha ibore wes. from +te heste heouene; into helle 
<P 160>
grunde bute couerunge. & makede of heh-engel; 
eatelukest deofel. +te +tus adun duste hire heouenliche
feader. hwet wule he don bi hire eor+dliche 
modres +te teme+d hire in horedom of +ten 
la+de unwiht +te hellene schucke. Hwen godd se
wracfulliche fordemde his heh-engel +te streonede 
hire in heouene; hwet wule he don bi +tt lam & wurmene 
mete. +te of +te deofel teme+d hire in eawbruche 
on eor+de. +gef +tu hauest wi+d mei+dhad, 
meokelec. & mildschipe; godd is i +tin heorte. ah +gef 
+ter is ouerhohe. o+der ei prude in; he is utlahe +trof;
for ne muhen ha nanes weis; beddin in a breoste. 
ne ne maken nawt somet eardin in heouene. +teonne 
godd weorp hire sone se ha iboren wes. & as 
+tah ha nuste hwuch wei ha come +teonewart. ne 
con ha neauer mare ifinden nan wei a+geinwart. 
ah earm+de her on eor+de. bihalt eche wununge. 
alle hire modres al beon ha meidnes wi+d hare aweariede. 
feader in inwarde helle. wite +te meiden wi+d
hire. ha cwikede of cleane cunde as is in engles euene. 
& cleaneste breosten brede+d hire +geten. +te beste 
ha asaile+d. & wel ha der hopien to beo kempe ouer 
mon; +te ouercom engel. Nis ha nawt i cla+des. ne i feahunge 
utewi+d. +tah hit beo merke +trof & makunge 
o+der hwiles. ah under hwit o+der blac. & ase wel under 
grei; ase under grene. & aa ha lute+d i +te heorte. 
Son se +tu telest te betere +ten an o+der. beo hit 
<P 161>
hweruore se hit eauer beo. & hauest of ei ouerhohe. & 
+tunche+d hofles & hoker of eawt +tt me sei+d +te o+der 
de+d +getten; +tu merrest +tin mei+dhad. & brekest ti wedlac 
towart godd. & of his fa temest. ne tele +tu 
nawt e+delich al beo +tu meiden; to widewen. ne to
iweddede. for alswa as a charbuche is betere +ten a 
iacinct. i +te euene of hare cunde. Ant +tah is betere 
abriht iacinct. +ten a charbucle won; al swa passe+d 
meiden onon te mihte of mei+dhad; widewen & iweddede.
& tah is betere. a milde wif. o+der a meoke 
widewe, +ten a prud meiden. for +teos for hare 
sunnen +tt ha i flesches ful+de folhi+d o+ter fulie+d;
leote+d ham lahe & e+dliche. & beo+d sare of-dret. 
of godes lu+dere eie. Ant al +te eadi sunegilt Marie 
magdaleine. wi+d bittre wopes bireowse+d hare 
gultes. & inwar+dluker luuie+d godd alswa as heo 
dude. for hare for+geuenesse. & te o+dre +te halde+d 
ham unforgult. & cleane; beo+d ase sikere unlusti 
& wlecche unnea+de i godes luue. wi+d-uten euch 
heate of +te hali gast +te bearne+d se lihte. wi+d-vte 
wastinde brune in alle his icorene. & te o+tre in 
<P 162>
an heate of an honthwile; beo+d imelt mare. & 
i+gotten i godd; +ten +te o+tre in a wlechcunge al 
hare lif-si+den. for-+ti eadi meiden godes sunes
spuse ne beo +tu nawt trust ane to +ti meidhad 
wi+d-uten o+der god. & +teawfule mihtes & ouer al
miltschipe & meokeschipe of heorte. +te forbisne of 
+tt eadi meiden oueralle o+dre. Marie godes moder. for 
+ta +te heh-engel Gabriel grette hire. & brohte hire to 
tidinge of godes akennesse. Loke hu +tah ha lette hire. 
+ta ha ontswerede +tus. bi hire-seoluen. Efter +ti word q+d 
ha mote me iwur+den. low her mi lauerdes +trel. 
ant tah ha ful were of alle gode. +tea-wes. ane 
of hire meokelec ha seide. & song to elizabeth. 
for mi lauerd biseh +tis +tuftenes meokelec; me 
schulen cleopien q+d ha eadi alle leoden. Nim +geme 
meiden & understont her-bi. +tt mare for 
hire meokelec. +ten for hire mei+dhal; ha lette 
+tt ha ifont swuch grace ed ure lauerd. for al mei+dhad 
meokelec is muche wur+d. & mei+dhad wi+d-uten hit; 
is e+delich & unwur+d, for alswa is meiden i mei+dhad bute 
meokeschipe; as is wid-ute liht eolie in a lampe. Eadi 
godes spuse haue +teos ilke mihte. +tt tu ne +tunche 
+teostri; ah schine ase sunne & ti weres sih+de feahi 
+ti mei+dhad wi+d alle gode +teawes +te +tunche+d him 
feire. Haue eauer i +tin heorte +te eadieste of meidnes. 
<P 163>
& mei+dhades moder. & bisech hire aa. +tt ha +te lihte. 
& +geoue luue & streng+de forte folhin i mei+dhad 
hire +teawes. +tench o seinte Katerine. o seinte Margarete.
seinte Enneis. Seinte Iuliene. & seinte cecille 
& o +te o+tre hali mei+dnes in heouene. hu ha nawt 
ane ne forsoken kinges sunes. & eorles wi+d alle worldliche 
weolen. & eor+dliche wunnen; ah +toleden stronge
pinen. ear ha walden neomen ham; & derf 
dea+d on ende. +tench hu wel ham is nu. & hu ha blissi+d 
+teruore bituhe godes earmes cwenes of heouene. 
Ant +gef hit eauer time+d. +tt tu licomes lust. 
+turh +te false feont lea+die towart flesliche ful+den. 
ontswere i +ti +toht +tus. Ne geine+d +te nawt 
sweoke. +tullich ich chulle beon in meidenes 
liflade. ilich heouene engel. Ich chulle 
halde me hal +turh +te grace of godd. 
as cunde me makede. +tt paraise selh+de underuo 
me al swuch. as weren ear ha a gulten; 
his eareste hinen. Allunge swuch ich chulle beon. 
as is mi deore leofmon mi deorewurde lauerd. 
& as +tt eadi meiden. +te he him cheas to moder. 
al swuch ich chulle wite treowliche unwemmet; 
as ich am him iweddet. ne nulle ich nawt
for a lust of ane lutle hwile. +tah hit +tunche delit;
<P 164>
awei warpe +tt +ting. hwas lure ich schal biremen 
wi+d-vten couerunge & wi+d eche brune 
abuggen in helle. +tu wrenchfule ful wiht al 
for nawt +tu prokest me. to for-gulten & forgan 
+te blisse up-o blisse. +te crune up-o crune; 
of meidenes mede. & willes & waldes warpe me as 
wrecche i +ti leir-wite. & for +tt englene song of meidhades 
menske. wi+d +te & wi+d +tine greden aa. & 
granin i +te eche grure of helle. +gef +tu +tus ontswerest 
to +ti licomes lust. & to +te feondes fondunge;
he schal fleo +te wi+d scheome. ant +gef he 
alles efter +tis; inohrea+de et-stonde; & halt on to 
eili +ti flesch. & prokie +tin heorte. & ti lauerd
godd hit +teaue+d him to muchli +ti mede. for 
as seinte pawel sei+d. ne bi+d nan icrunet; bute 
hwa-se treoweliche i +tulli feht fehte. & wi+d strong 
cokkunge. ouercome hire-seolf. for +tenne 
is +te deofel wi+d his ahne turn scheomeliche 
a-warpen. hwen +tu as +te apostle sei+d. ne schalt
tu beon icrunet bute +tu beo asailet. +gef 
godd wule cruni +te; he wule leote ful wel +te 
unwiht asaili +te. +tt tu earni +ter +turh; kempene
crune. for-+ti hit is +te meast god; +tt hwen 
he greue+d +te meast. & towart te wi+d fondunge 
<P 165>
wodeluker weorre+d. +gef +tu wel wrist te
under goder wengen. for +turh his weorre he 
+garke+d +te un+tonc in his te+d; +te blisse. & te 
crune of cristes icorene. Ant iesu crist leue 
hire +turh +ti blescede nome alle +teo +te leaue+d 
luue of lami mon. forte beon his leofmon. & leue 
ham swa hare heorte halden to him; +tt hare 
flesches eggunge. ne +te feondes fondunge. ne 
nan of his eor+dliche limen; 
ne wori hare heorte wit. ne wrenche ham ut 
of +te wei; +tt ha beo+d in i+gongen. & helpe ham 
swa in him to hehin towart heouene; a+tt ha 
beon istihe +tider as hare brudlac schal in 
al +tt eauer sel is wi+d +tene seli brudgume. +tt sihe+d 
alle selh+de of sitten buten ende 
Amen. 



<B CMVICES1>
<Q M1 IR RELT VICES1>
<N VICES AND V 1>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^VICES AND VIRTUES.
PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 89.
ED. F. HOLTHAUSEN.
LONDON, 1888.
PP. 3.1    - 23.4         (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 63.13  - 81.10        (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 107.26 - 127.24       (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 3>
[\THE BEGINNING OF THE MS. IS LOST.\]
   +ani mann mai don. Alle hie bie+d forsakene on godes awene   #
mu+de,
+de +dus sei+d: (\Vade prius reconciliari fratri tuo,\) 'Ga     #
arst
and seihtle wi+d +dine bro+der. Nis me nan ofrende swa lief swa
godes luue and alre mannes.'

[}OF SORINESSE.}]

   Giet is an o+der derne senne +de me and mani+ge o+dre saule  #
haf+d
beswiken. Hie hatte (\tristicia\) , +tat is, sarinesse. +Tes    #
is an
of +de heued-sennes, +deih hie dierne bie. Hie is icleped       #
sarinesse,
(\tristicia mortem operante,\) 'sarinesse dea+d wurchende,' for
+dan hire of+ting+t of alle gode +de a+gunnen bie+d for godes   #
luue te
donne. +Des awer+gede gast, hie make+d +dane religiuse man,     #
+de alle
woreld-+ting for godes luue haf+d forlaten, sari and drieri     #
and heui
on godes workes, and ofte do+d of+tenchen +tat he +aure swo     #
haue+d
idon. Al swo he de+d +to men +de sennen habbe+d forhaten te     #
laten,
and swa hie do+d iec +do menn +de habbe+d gode behaten god te
donne, o+der hal+ge to sechen, o+der to fasten, o+der sum       #
o+der god te
donne. On alle wise he fande+d hu he mu+ge gode weorkes letten,
o+d+de mid of+danche and mid sarinesse and unble+deliche hes    #
don
[{don{] .

[}OF A-SOLKNESSE. VNLUST.}] 

   +Dies swikele senne haue+d +giet ane suster, +de is icleped  #
(\accidia\) ,
+dat is, asolkenesse, +de me haue+d +durh mire +gemeleaste
mani+ge si+des beswiken. Hie me haue+d imaked heuy and slaw on
godes weorkes +durh idelnesse; hie me haue+d ofte idon eten     #
o+dermannes
sare swink all un-of-earned. Ofte hie me haue+d idon
sl+apen +dar ic scolde wakien on godes seruise be dai+ge and    #
be nihte.
Swilch hit non o+der bien ne mihte. +Dies awer+gede senne is on #
of
+de heued-sennes, and hie beswik+d mucheles +de mare +de me of  #
hire
<P 5>
litel +geme nim+t. +Tat is +te +ande of +dessere senne, +dat    #
hie wolde
+dat man none +gieme ne name of him seluen, ac +dat he on       #
slau+the
and on ydelnesse his lif ladde anon to his ande-dai+ge, and     #
+dat he
herfore wur+de fordemd into helle pine. +Dis is so+d, neme      #
+geme se
+de wile!

[}OF MODINESSE. PRIDE.}]

   Hierafter cum+t an o+der, +de is i-cleped (\superbia\) ,     #
+tat is,
modinesse. Hie was an+ginn of alle sennes, and hie brohte
+dane brihteste angel fram +dare heuene heinesse ni+ter into    #
helle
depnesse. Of hire is +gewriten: (\+Deus superbis resistit,\)    #
'Godd
wi+dstant alle modi mannen.' For+dan hie bie+d godes            #
wi+derwinen,
alle +do +de willen hem seluen hei+gin. Godd sei+d him self     #
+dat hie
sculen bien ine+derede. Hierfore ic am ne+der and unmihti,      #
for+dan
ic habbe +geben prud and modi, and michel ilaten of me seluen.
Ne +dese were+gede heaued-senne ic n+aure ne hatede ne ne       #
scunede
swa swa ic scolde, ac ofte ich dede +durh hire +dat +de godd    #
nolde.
Wa me +das! +Dies ilche modinesse, +deih hie habbe hlot and     #
dale
mang alle o+dre sennes, na+del+as hie haue+d ane, +de is hire   #
swi+de
neih and swi+de hersum, +de me haue+d swi+de ofte beswiken,     #
+tat is,
(\Vana Gloria,\) idel wulder o+der idel +gelp. +Dies die+d +de  #
manne
+de +durh hire is beswiken +dat he twifealde+d his senne;       #
alswo +de
man +de haue+d isla+ge anne mann a+geanes godes forbode,        #
+danne +gelp+d
he +dat he is wel iwreken of his unwine; o+der +gif he haf+d    #
beswiken
an maiden, o+der an riche lafdi +de is bewedded, +dar of he     #
lat +de
bett of him seluen, and swa he wur+d beswiken. For +dan he      #
n+aure
+dis ne beweop, ac +get +dar to more he ec+d, +dat is, +gif he  #
for his
sennes far+d ut of lande hal+gen te seken, o+der he michel      #
fast, o+der
almesse do+d, +dat he ofte bi+gelp+d, o+der on swilche wise     #
hes die+d, +dat
he herienge +dar of haf+d and swa hes forliest. +Darof sei+d    #
+dat godspell:
(\Receperunt mercedem suam,\) 'Hie habbe+d inumen here
lean.' +Dat bie+d alle +de ani god do+d, and +dar of herienge   #
luuie+d.
+Denche+d herof +ge +de do+d +gewer god teforen mannen! Sume    #
o+dre
forl+ate+t +de world and nime+d +de clo+des of religiun, and    #
sone hem
seluen healde+d for hali, and unwur+d healde+t of o+dre, +de    #
neure +giete
<P 7>
[{biete+d{] here a+gene sennen mid eadmodnesse ne mid so+dre    #
berewsinge.
Sume l+ate+d wel of hem seluen, +gif hie bie+d of hei+ge        #
kenne, o+der
+gif he bie of hei+ge menstre, o+der +gif he haf+d sum hei      #
obedience, o+der
+gif menn of +de world hes healde+d for hali menn; hie          #
for+gite+d to
swi+de hem seluen wi+d-innen, and harkie+d to +de idele werkes  #
wi+duten.
Her-of ic am becnawe me self +dat +die[{s{] iwer+gede gast me
haf+d idon, +dat ic am swi+de for+gelt a+geanes mine laferde    #
god almihtin.

[}OF VNBUHSUMNESSE.}]

   Giet ic habbe muchel misdon +durh ane o+dre senne +te is
+gecleped (\inobediencia\) , +tat is, unhersumnesse. Al swa +de
angel was +gedriuen ut of heuene riche for modinesse, swa was
Adam, ure forme fader, ut of paradise for +dessere              #
unhersumnesse.
For hire he +dolede dea+d, and se+d+den all mankenn, and +de    #
pine of
helle ma +danne fif +dusend wintre, al hwat Crist him liesde    #
wi+d
hersumnesse. Alle +de +dis isie+d, and rade+d, o+der            #
+gehiere+d, i bidde
and warni, for +de luue of gode and for +guer lieue saule,      #
+tat +gie hatien
and scunien, ouer alle +ting, +des awer+ghede senne. For hire
we sculen alle dea+d +tolien, al swo habben idon +de te-foren   #
us w+aren.
Hie is k+aie of alle o+dre sennes; non senne ne mai bien idon   #
bute
+durh unhersumnesse. Al swo diepliche haf+d godd us forboden
alle heaued-sennes, swo he dede Adame +de treu of paradise,     #
ai+der
+durh +dare ealde la+gwe and iec +durh +dare niewe. Hwat do ic,
wrecche saule, +de am forgilt +durh unhersumnesse, for +di      #
+dat ic
naure hersum ne habbe ibien, ne gode, ne mine gastliche         #
faderes, ne
min cristendom, ne obedience nauer+giete wel ne hield? Ac bidde
we alle ure lauerd Crist, +de was hersum his fader anon to +de  #
dea+de
<P 9>
+tat, al swo we forliese+d +dis scorte lif +durh                #
unhersumnesse, +dat he
us +giue mihte +dat we moten him bien hersum on alle gode       #
woerkes
anaon to +de dea+de, and swa cume+d for+d in to +de eche liue   #
+de he haf+d
us behoten +durh his mildce.

[}OF O+DES SUERIINGGE.}]

   Giet hier is mare of +de eueles kennes sade, +de me haf+d    #
ofte
idon godes a+gwene name forsweren and ec his hal+gen, and
a manies kennes me seluen to weri+gen, o+der sume of mine       #
friende
+de ic halp to sweri+gen, and on swilche wise wende helpen unc
ba+de, and brohte unc ba+de in to muchele harme. +Tis is dede   #
a+gean
godes bebode, +de sei+d: (\Nolite iurare, neque per celum neque
per terram,\) 'Ne sweri+ge+d, nai+der ne be heuene ne be        #
ier+de, ne bie
nan o+der +ding, bute ia, ia, n+ai, nai.' Al +tat we more       #
sweri+ge+d,
swo it is euel and senne. Sume wene+d bien sacleas of +dessere
senne, for +dan +de me nett hem to +dan a+de. +Teih me niede    #
me to
+dan a+de, me ne net me noht te forsweri+gen, ac so+d te seggen
of +dan +de ic am bicleped. +Gif ic ware riht cristeneman, ic   #
wolde
bli+delicor +toli+gen +das lichames dea+d, +danne ic wolde +de  #
wrecchede
saule sa rewliche acwellan.

[}OF LESINGE.}]

   Oft ic habbe beuolen an o+der senne, fram +dat ic cu+de      #
speken, +giet
to +dese dai+ge, +dat is (\mendatium\) be name, +dat is,        #
leasinge,
+de all Adames ofspring haf+d be-smiten, +de speken cu+den      #
o+der
mihten, wi+d-uten Crist ane, +de is mid rihte icleped so+dh,    #
and s+ainte
Marie, his moder. +De selue dieuel is icleped mid rihte fader   #
of
leasinge, +da +da he sade: (\Ero similis altissimo,\) 'Ic scal  #
bien
+gelich +dan heisten.' +Dis was +de forme leasinge +de +aure    #
was
+gefunde. +Dar +du lu+ge, +du lease dieuel, and swa +du diest   #
+giet, of al
+dat tu aure behatst. +Du me +tencst wel to wrei+gen to-fore    #
gode for
+dessere senne; ac ic wrei+ge me nu te-fore gode and teforen    #
alle
his hal+gen, and te forsake and alle +dine leasinges. Nis nan   #
+ding
mare a+geanes Criste, +de is icleped so+d, +danne is leasinge.  #
Bie war
se +de wile!

<P 11>
[}OF HEUELE BAFTESPACHE.}]

   (\Detractio\) hatte an o+der senne, +de reaue+d godes luue   #
of
mannes hierte, +dat is, euel bafte-spache. Hie me haue+d ofte
+gemaked for+gielt a+geanes godes forbode, +de me forbett alle  #
euele
spaches, and +dus me undernem+d: (\Sedens aduersus fratrem
tuum loquebaris,\) '+Du sate,' he sei+d, 'a+geanes +dine        #
bro+der,
+de +alche dai ba+de clepie+d to me, +de am +gure fader, and    #
segge+d:
pater noster. A+geanes him +du spake god, bafte him euele, +tat
he it ne herde. +Dus +du dedest, and ic was stille; and for +di #
+du
wendest +tat ic +de ware ilich, +tat hit likede me swa swa hit  #
dede
+de. Ac +du scalt stonden tefore me a domesdai+ge, and teforen  #
all
mankenne, +dar ic +de scal undernemen mid +da ilche wordes +de  #
+du
ofte hafst +geherd for +de te warnien, and +dus cwe+den:        #
(\Dilexisti
maliciam super benignitatem\) . +Dat is: '+Du luuedest          #
euelnesse
mare +danne godnesse, unrihtwisnesse more to spekene +danne     #
rihtwisnesse; 
for +di +de scal god almihti forliesen, ba+de lichame and
saule. Ga awei fram me, +du +gewere+gede, for+d mod te dieule!'
Hwa is +dat nis ofdradd of +dese muchele +d+tunreslei+g +de     #
cum+t
ut of godes au+gene mu+de? Nime +gieme se +de wile! Hu michel
haht hit is godes forbod te brekene!

[}OF SWICEDOME.}]

   Giet ich habbe ma vn+deawes beuolen. Ic habbe beswiken
min emcristen mid faire wordes +de ic to him habbe +gespeken,
and o+derlicor mid weorkes him +gekydd, and uppe mine           #
lahfulnesse
ofte him behet, +tat ic n+aure eft him ne+gel+aste. Gif ich at  #
him
ani +ting bouhte o+der him sealde, +aure me was leuere +tat ic  #
bi+gate
and he forlure, +danne unker chepinge bileafde. Godd us forbett
+dat we ne sculen habbe twifeald w+ai+ge ne twifeald imett, ac  #
+dat
we sculen bli+deliche +giuen and leanen, wi+d-uten er+dliche    #
mede, alle
+de niede habbe+d and us for his luue beseche+d of +dan ilche   #
gode +de
he us haf+d il+and. So+t to seggen, ic not +gif ich auer+gete   #
ani +ding
dede +dat ic nolde habbe sumes kennes lean, o+der of +douhtes
<P 13>
o+der of wordes o+der of weorkes; and +gif ic nadde, me +duhte  #
+tat hit
nas naht wel betowen, +dar ic hit idon hadde.

[}OF WER+GHINDE.}]

   Eft we finde+d +dat +de apostel sei+d: (\Maledici rengnum    #
dei
non possidebunt,\) +dat bie+d: '+Da wer+ginde menn, +de swa
ble+deliche wille+d wer+gien, +tat hie naure on heuenriche      #
wuni+gen ne
mu+gen,' for +di +dat hie wer+gie+d godes handiwerc, +de he     #
haf+d iblesced.
Herof ic am sceldi, and wel am becnawe +dat ic +gewer+ged
habbe ai+der +ge hodede +ge leawede, sibbe and framde, and      #
mani +ting
+de ic wer+gi ne scolde.

[}OF VN+DOLEMODNESSE.}]

   (\Inpaciencia\) hatte an o+der senne, +tat is,               #
un+tolemodnesse. Hie
benem+d +de manne +de hie ouermai, +dat he ne mai wealden
him seluen ne a +touhtes, ne on wordes, ne on weorkes. Swa hie
haue+d me idon aure to ofte. +Turh hire ic am for+gelt          #
a+geanes gode,
+de me forbisne +gaf, arst of him seluen, and se+d+den mid      #
hali+ge wordes
me wissede: (\Qui te percusserit in maxillam, prebe ei et
aliam,\) 'Se +de smit under +da eare, want to +dat o+der,' he   #
sade, 'and 
do god a+gean euel. Gif he +de were+gede, +du hine blesci.'     #
+Dis ne
dede ic n+aure; ac +gif min lauerd godd me wolde swingen mid    #
ani
swinge, al swa fader do+d his sune, ic was +dar a+gean          #
un+tolemod,
and ai+der +dohte and ec s+aide: 'Hwi me scolde cumen swilche   #
un+gelimpes?
Mani o+der was +de more hafde misdon, and non un+gelimp
ne cam, ac hadde alle blisse and reste inowh.' For +di saide
god almihti be me and be mine i-liche: (\Et dimisi eos secundum
desideria cordis eorum,\) 'Ich hem let,' he sei+d, 'after
here awene wille; after +dan +de here herte leste, ic hem       #
fol+gede.'

[}OF A+GEN-WILLE.}]

   +Durh +dessere senne ic, un+gesali saule, fel in to an       #
o+der senne,
+de is icleped (\propria voluntas\) , +tat is, au+gen-wille.    #
+Gewiss
haf+d godd forworpen +dan ilche mann +de lat godes wille and    #
his
<P 15>
gastliche faderes wille to donne, bute he eft +durh his muchele
mildce hes him benime, +ar +dane he of +dese liue fare. Non     #
scafte +de is
scadwis, al swo bie+d angles and menn, ne a+ged te hauen here   #
a+gen-will,
for+dan hie ne bie+d, ne ne mu+gen bien, n+aure riht-wise ne    #
gode,
bute hie fol+gin godes wille on alle wisen. For+dan we finde+d  #
on
hali write: 'Se mann +de wile fol+gin his a+gen wille, he is    #
a+geanes
gode, alswa is +de mann +de is a+geanes +de kinge and wile his
curune him benemen.' Crist self sei+d on his godspelle: (\Non
ueni facere uoluntatem meam,\) 'Ne cam ic noht te +giuen +gew
for-bisne of mire a+gene wille to donne, ac i cam for to donne  #
mines
fader wille.' +Da +de Crist was +geboren, +da comen +da         #
aingles of
heuene and sunge +dane derewur+de sang, (\Gloria in exselsis    #
deo,\)
and bodeden sibsumnesse to alle +do mannen +de god wille        #
habbe+d,
+dat nis non bute +do +de godes wille luuie+d and fol+gi+d.     #
Weilawei
and walawa, +dat ic min a+gen iwill swa habbe ifol+ged, +dat    #
im min
un+gewill awh aure ma te +toli+gen, bute godes hale mildse me   #
aliese!

[}OF HUNRIHTWISNESSE.}]

   Unrihtwisnesse hatte on o+der senne, +de me haue+d +aure to 
longe +gedweld mid hire swikele un+deawes. Hie is +aure a+gean
rihtwisnesse, for+dan no man ne mai bien +gebor+gwen, bute he   #
bie
rihtwis and naht twifeald, ne on speches ne on dades. O+der ic
habbe ibien +danne ic habbe me i-sceawed. Menn me isie+d        #
wi+duten.
Ic and mine iliche, we beo+d wi+duten al swa +de deade          #
man[{n{]es +truh,
+te is wi+duten ihwited, and wi+d-inne stinkende and full of    #
wermes.
Swa ic habbe ibien full of euele +tohtes. Wa me +tas! (\Mea
culpa!\)
   For+di +dat ich nabbe ihafd rihte ileaue, ne faste hope, ne  #
so+de
luue to ure lauerde gode swa swa ic scolde, for+di ic haue bien
unmihte and unstrong on+geanes alle +tese forenammde sennes. Ic
ne mai rimen ne tellen alle +do sennes, ne alle +do un+deawes,  #
ne alle
+do wundren +de ich, wrecche senfulle, habbe idon and beuolen,
se+d+den ic arst mihte sene+gin. Ac him +de hes one wat,        #
almihte
god, ic bidde are and for+giu[{en{]esse.

<P 17>
[}OF +DA FIF WITTES.}]

   Giet me wrei+d min herte of +da fif wittes +de god me        #
betahte
to lokin of mine wrecche lichame, +tat is, (\visus, auditus,
gustus, odoratus, et tactus,\) +tat is, +gesihthe, +geherh+te,  #
smac, and
smell, and tact+te. +Das fif wittes, hie tacni+t +da fif        #
gildenene besantes
+de +de hlauerd betahte his +tralle for to bi+geten +dar mide.
Swa dede +de gode +trall +de bi+gatt o+der fif. For +di his     #
hlauerd him
sede: 'Wel +de, gode +drall! Ouer litel +ting +du ware trewe;   #
ouer
michel +ting ic +de scal setten. Ga in to +dine lauerdes        #
blisse!' +Tis
ne habbe ic nauht ofearned, +de no god ne habbe idon mid +do 
ilke besantes of +de fif wittes, ac +durh hem and +turh mine    #
+gemeleaste
ic habbe mines lauerdes eihte forloren. +Alche dai me
cume+d sonden on mine +tohtes +tat ic scall neuliche cumen      #
te-foren
him, and +giuen him and-sware, hwat ic habbe mid his eihte      #
+gedon.
He wile hes habben wel imotet, and bi rihte w+ai+ge             #
wel i-w+ai+gen,
and wel imered gold; and bute ich +tis habbe, +das dai+ges +de  #
he after
me sant, ic scal iheren reuliche tidinge. 'Andswere me nu, +tu
un-+ges+alie saule,' he wile seggen, 'hwat hafst +du swa lange  #
idon
on +dare woreld? La[{n{]gne first ic +de +gaf wel to donne      #
+gif +du
woldest, and litel god +du hafst bi+geten mid +da fif besantes  #
of +de
fif gewittes +de ic +te betahte. Mo +danne fif +dusende         #
besantes of
gode +tohtes, and of gode wordes, and of gode woerkes, +du      #
mihtest
habben bi+geten, +gif +du woldest, on +da lange firste +de ic   #
+de +gaf; ac +du,
earme saule, noldest +tenchen of +dine for+dsi+de, +tat tu      #
fram +dine
lichame scoldest skelien, and tefore me cumen, and me           #
andswerien
of alle +dine dades.' +Danne clepe+d he his pineres, and hat    #
hem me
nemen, and binden me, ba+de handen and fiet, and werpen me in   #
+de
uttreste +tiesternesse. +Te inreste +testernesse is in +dare    #
hierte
+De ne wile forsceawin hwider he scal +danne he henen far+d.    #
+Te
uttreste is se +tiesternesse of helle, +dar n+aure +giete liht  #
ne cam,
bute +das nihtes +de Cristes saule +dar inne cam after his      #
+gekorene.
Ac +aure +dar is wop and woninge for +dare michele h+ate and    #
un+gem+ate
<P 19>
brene, and +dar is chiueringe of to+den for +de unmate chele;
and +dar is sorw+ge and sarinesse for +dare muchele             #
ortrewnesse +de
cum+t of +dan +ge+tanke +de hie n+aure mo godd ne sculen isien  #
ne nan
of his hal+gen, ne sibbe ne framde +de ibor+gen sculen bien,    #
ac aure
ma wunien mid +da eifulle dieulen, +de bie+d swa la+dliche and  #
swo
grislich an to lokin, +dat +gif a mann isei+ge ne anne al       #
swilch al
se he is on his +gekynde, he scolde sone bien ut of his         #
iwitte, and
+dis +toli+gen +aure ma wi+d-uten ande. Ne mai ic +tenchen, ne  #
mid
mu+de seggen, ne on boke write, alle +do pinen of helle. Wa hem
+datt hie +aure iscapene waren, +de +do pinen of-earni+t!       #
Vnderstande+t,
alle +de +dis rade+t o+der ihere+d, and witt habbe+d to         #
understonden,
+te muchele +dolemodnesse of us on +dese liue, hv godd us
mene+ge+d alche dai, and to us sei+d: (\Conuertimini ad me, et
agite penitenciam,\) 'Wande+d to me,' he sei+d, '+gie +de       #
ber+d iwant
fram me, +durh dieules lare, and neme+d and do+d scrift,        #
[{+all{]ch after
+dat his senne is; and spede+d +geu, for+dan +gure +ande-dai    #
neih+ge+d, and
cum+d un+gewares al swa +tief be nihte. Faste+d and wakie+d and
bu+ge+d fram euele and do+d god, we[{p{]e+d and wani+d, sihte+t #
and
+georne bidde+d are and for+giuenesse, +da litle hwile +de we   #
her
wuni+gi+d. For-+dan, bute +gif +ge hier hit ne of-earni+ge+d,   #
ne
wur+d +geu n+aure milce elleshwar. +Da +de nelle+d +dese godes  #
hali
wordes hlesten ne healden, harki+d hwat se haligast sei+d       #
+durh +de
profiete Daui+d: (\Maledicti qui declinant a mandatis tuis,
domine,\) '+Gewerwed bien hie, lauerd, alle +de +dine behode    #
healden
nelle+d.' +Da +de ne bie+d ofdrad of +dessere eisliche          #
wer+ginge, +de
alle hadede +allche dai wer+gi+d +dar hwile +de hie sin+ge+d    #
godes
lofsang at prime, harkie+d an o+der wari+ging +de cum+t ut of   #
godes
awene mu+te, for+dan +des wer+ginge nis bute erres of +dare     #
laczste,
+danne god sei+d him self mid muchele ei+ge: (\Discedite a me,  #
maledicti,
in ignem eternum,\) 'Ga+d awei+g fram me, +gie iwer+gede of
alle hadede hafde, in to +dan eche fiere, +gie +de nolden mine  #
rad
hlesten, ne mine bebode luuien ne healden. Wite+d awei fram me,
for+d mid +da diuelen, +dar +gie naure ma eft me ne +gesien!'   #
Alle
+de habbe+d Cristes karite+d, +dat is, godes luue and mannes,   #
wepe+d
<P 21>
and wanie+d for+d mid me, and fondie we te kelien godes         #
wra+d+de
mid teares, +de him bie+d swi+de icueme mid o+dre loke of sare  #
birewnesse! 
He hit wat +de wat alle +ting, +dat sare hie me rewe+d. To
+geu ic clepi+ge iec +de bie+d wuni+gende mid +gemaneliche      #
hlauerde gode,
[{and{] to ure lafdi sainte Marie. Moder of mildce, +de ic      #
bidde, for +dine
muchele mildze, +dat tu me besieke for+giuenesse of mine sennes
to Iesu Criste, +tine lieue sune, +de haf+d mihte te forgiuene  #
alle
sennes, for +dare ilke luue +de he haf+d to mine ikynde +de he  #
nam of
+de wi+d-uten a [\HALF A LINE ILLEGIBLE\] +darof i+giuen haf+d  #
lott and dale, his flesc
and his blod, +durh hwan ich ilieue fastliche are and mildze to
habben, +gif ic hit swa wur+dliche underfenge, swa hit wur+de   #
w+are.
To alle +do hal+gen +de hier on liue waren iboren, and nu mid   #
ure
lauerde gode wuni+gende bie+d, ic clepie and bidde for +do      #
muchele
karite+d +de is an +geu, +dat +gie +denchen an us +de bie+d     #
hier on +dese
arme liue, +dar +de wei is slider and we lihtliche to f+allen,  #
and
fele unwines, teforen and baften and on alche side. We          #
+dankie+d
gode and herie+d after ure mihte, +de +gew haue+d of +dessere   #
michele
wrecchade ibroht. Bidde+d +dat we moten to +gew cumen, naht for
ure earninge, ac for godes muchele mildce and for +gewer! Al    #
swa
so+dliche swa he hadde are and mildze of +geu, and +da giue of  #
+de
hale gaste +gew s+ante wi+duten earninge, sa so+dliche habbe    #
he are
and mildce of us, +de bie+d his handeweorc al swa +gie, and us  #
unne
+dat we moten, mid +geure helpe and mid his hale grace, swa     #
+dis
scorte lif her laden, +dat we moten for+d mid +gew on blisse    #
wuni+gen,
and him eure ma luuien and herien on ecnesse. Amen. 

   Nv, lieue friend, +du +de me, senfulle saule, aweihtest of   #
dea+de,
+durh godes grace wissedest and warnedest wel te donne,
- +gielde +te godd! - and lardest +dat ic scolde bien icnawe    #
of mine
sennes, nu +du hafst iherd mine bemone +tat ich am swa swi+de   #
for+gelt:
for +de luue of gode ic +de besieche +dat [{tu{] me wissi       #
+giet, an
hw+alche wise ic mihte betst sahtlin wi+d mine halend Criste,   #
+de
<P 23>
ihc cheas to lauerde +durh his awene mildce, +gif ic senfulle   #
are
mihte habben on +dese scorte time. And ic bli+deliche +dine rad
wile hlesten, and micheles +de bli+de-liker, +gif +du me +din   #
uncu+de
name woldest ky+den.   

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 63>
[}OF REUH+DE.}]

   Pietas hatte on of +dese hali mihtes, +tat is, reuh+de on    #
engelisc.
Hie cum+t of +dare iwundede herte +de bien iwunded mid
godes arewen. Of hem sei+d +de profiete: (\Sagitte tue acute,\)
'Lauerd,' he s+ade, 'scarpe bien +dine arewen'; hie wundie+d    #
+dane
forgilte mann +de wann ongeanes +de +durh dieules lare. +Tu     #
werpest
him +der ni+der, +tat he li+d istreiht upe +dare bare ier+de,   #
and halt
him seluen for ier+de, wep+d and wone+d +dat he +aure was to    #
manne
iscapen, +dat he scolde swa michel habben misdon a+gean his     #
sceppend,
for hwat he ofearne+d helle pine. +Dis do+d reuh+de don, +de
is iwis godes +giue. Hie die+d him arst habben reuh+de of him   #
seluen,
and +danne of his nexten, of alle un+gelimpes +de him for his   #
sennes
to-cume+d. Gif +du +dese godes +giue bi+geten miht, +tanne      #
scalt tu
hauen nexce herte and gode, and rewsiende +de seluen to helpe,
and +dine saule to aliesen fram +do pines +de hie ofearned      #
haf+d. Ne
haue +du hope te fader ne te moder, te sune ne te dohter, te    #
bro+der ne
te swuster, ne te nan ier[{+d{]lich mann, +danne +tin lichame   #
li+d under
ier+de +getwamd fram alle liuiende manne, all-ane, fule,        #
stinkende,
full of wermes, and on +da +tiesternesse fram alle lihte, and   #
+du, earme
saule, on +de wallende brene of +de hote fiere, and eft,        #
embehwile, on
+de chiuerinde chele, +dat tu +de seluen naht ne miht helpen,   #
+ar
<P 65>
+danne +du habbe +dine sennes al aboht, and all bie iclensed    #
of alle
+dine misd+ades +durh +da pines +de +du +tolest, and +durh      #
masses and
bienes and +almesses +de me do+d for +de. +Danne +de wile sare  #
rewen
+dat tu +de seluen ne haddest betere iholpen +dare hwile +de    #
+du
mihtest. Hu scolde godd, o+der ani of his hal+gen, o+der ani of
+dine friend, sibbe o+der framde, hauen rew+de o+der mildce of  #
+de,
se+d+den +du +de seluen ne hafst nu hier none of +de seluen?    #
+Tis is
godes +giue, +gif +du dus +de be+tencst and +dar after wercst.

[}OF WITTE.}]
 
   Hier after cum+t an o+der godes +giue, +te is icleped        #
(\sciencia\) ,
+tat is, in+gehied o+der witt. +Durh hire +du miht witen alle
craftes +de on boche bie+d +gewriten. Hie +de tak+d gode        #
+teawes and
god lif to leden, hu +du scalt fram +dan euele bu+gen, a hu +du
scalt gode werkes don. Ac hit bie+d sume +de bie+d swi+de wise
ihealden +durh +dessere godes +giue, and want hem seluen and    #
iec
sumen o+dre te michele hearme, +tat +de godd hem +gaf hor here
michele gode. Herof sade +de apostel: (\Scientia inflat,        #
karitas
edificat\) . He sei+d +tat '+dis scarpe iwitt swel+d +dane      #
mann +de hes
haue+d wi+duten charite.' On swilche wise hie swel+d +dat he    #
latt
wel of him seluen, and forhowe+d o+dre +de swo ne cunnen; and
on swilche wise he forliest +dat him betst scolde helpen, +tat  #
is,
godes luue and mannes. For +dan +tat wite +du te fule so+de,
+danne +du forliest mannes luue for +di modinesse, +te +ting+d  #
+dat
+tu naust naht to wur+din ne te luuen ane wurse mann +dane +du
art, o+der +dat he nis alswa wis alse +du, o+der he nis na swa  #
riche
se +du, o+der of swa hei+ge kenne swa +du, o+der naht alswa     #
wur+ded
mann swa +du on +dare lease woreld; and for +delliche +tinge    #
hine
forhowest, and forlatst +dat tu ne wilt to him clepi+gen, ne    #
to his
niede him helpen. Ful+gewis +du forliest hier rihtes godes luue
and his grace, and nem +dis to forbisne! Bute +du habbe godes   #
luue
and alre manne, +du ne miht don non god +de +aure gode bie
+gecweme. +Darof sade +de apostele: (\Si distribuero omnes
facultates meas, et cetera,\) 'Gif ic deale all +dat ic habbe   #
for
godes luue, and +giet on-uuen +dan +gieu mine likame to barnin
<P 67>
al to duste for godes luue, and ic hatie on-lepi mann, +danne
ne habbe ic naht karite+d, and swa ic habbe all forloren.' Nu
sei+d sum mann: 'Scal ic luui+ge +dane euele mann?' Hlest hwat
se hei+geste +de sei+d: (\+Diliges proximum sicut te ipsum,\)
'Luue +dine nexte al swa +de seluen, hwat manne swo he +aure    #
bie!'
Ne bie he n+aure swa swi+de for+gelt, +aure he is +din nexte    #
after
+gekynde. Luue +da +gegynde, and hate his euel. +Gif +du miht   #
hit
bieten, biet hit alswo +du woldest +dat me bette +tin, +gif +du
w+are swo for+gilt al so he, and +tenc +dat +de writt sei+d     #
+tat +aure bie
+de mildce ouer +de rihte dome. For +delliche +tinge mani+ge    #
of +de
wel wise menn forliese+d godes luue and his grace, for +di      #
+dat hie
ne habbe+d, ne ne recche+d to habben, here emcristenes luue, ac
hopie+d to here michele wisdome, and ofte bie+d beswikene.      #
Wolden
hie hlesten +dane hali apostel, swa hie ne +dorften! (\Si quis
uidetur inter nos sapiens esse, stultus fiat ut sit sapiens,\)
'+Gif +geure ani,' he sei+d, 'is ihealden for wis on +dare      #
woreld, becume
sott, and swa he mai bien wis. '+De wise woreld-mann, he halt
michel sothade +dat mann forlate, for godes luue, hus and ham,
wif and child, and gold and seluer, and alle worldes wele, and
becume swo michel wrecche al swo he +de naht ne hadde; sei+d
+dat him is betere to sitten on his a+gen, and +giuen almessen  #
and
herber+gin s+ali mann, +danne he scolde al +dat laten, and      #
libben bi
o+dres mannes almesse. Hleste we herof Cristes a+gene dom,
and swa we mu+gen bien +de sikerere of +dese iflite. Hit sei+d  #
on
+da hali goddspelle +tat an riche iungman cam to Crist be +do
dai+gen +de he hier lichamliche was wuniende, and seide: (\Quid
faciam, domine, ut habeam vitam eternam?\) 'Hlauerd,'
cwa+d he, 'hwat mai ic don +dat ic mihte hauen +dat eche lif?'
Vre drihten him andswerede, and seide: (\Mandata nosti,\)
'+Gecnoust +tu godes bebodes. Ne sleih, ne ne stell, ne reaue,  #
ne
forli+ge +de on hordomes, ne o+dre godes forbodes ne tebrec.'   #
'A,
hlaueerd,' cwa+d he, 'alle +dese bebodes ic habbe ihealde fram
childhade, swa +dat ic nabbe nan tebrocen.' +De +giet him       #
andswerede
Crist: 'God man, +du art al swo he +de non heued-senne
ne haue+d idon.' (\Si uis perfectus esse, vade et uende omnia
<P 69>
que habes, et cetera,\) 'Gif +du wilt,' he seide, 'bien         #
+durhut god
mann, ga and sell all +dat tu hafst, and +gif hit godes         #
wrecchen,
and swa fol+ge me!' +Dies +gunge mann +giede a-wei sari. Hier   #
we
habbe+d ilierned +dat it is betere to l+aten all +dat te mann   #
awh,
mid gode wille, +tanne he abide all hwat dea+d hit him beneme,
his un+tankes. Hlest nu hwat Crist sade be +da riche manne
+de +giede awei sari, and his r+ad nolde lesten: 'Ne mai na     #
more.'
cwa+d he, '+de riche mann cumen in to heuene riche, +danne mai  #
+de
oluende cumen +durh +de n+adle ei+gen.' (\Ve uobis diuitibus,   #
qui
habetis consolationem uestram,\) 'Wa +geu,' cwa+d he, '+gie
riche menn, +de habbe+d swa michele blisse of +geuer michele
richeise, +tat +gie godd for+geten and +geure saule h+ale!'     #
For +di ne
mai wexen non god sad of gades wordes on +geure herte molde,
for +dan michele embe+danc +de +gie habbe+d on +geure michele   #
wele,
+de +gie michel +gitsi+d, and luuie+d and like+d, and drahe+d   #
to forliesen.
Amang alle +dese embe+dankes is +de wrecche hierte swa          #
iheue+ged,
+tat non godes word upp ne mai springen, ne of godd +tenken, ne
of his riche, ne of his saule hale. Ac gleues and skentinges,   #
and
hundes and hauekes, and alle +do +ting +de +geu hier gladien    #
mai,
+tat +ge willen bli+deliche isien and +gehieren; and all +dis   #
+ge mihten
hauen, +gif +ge godd luueden mare +danne all +dis +de we embe   #
hauen
ispeken. Mani+ge of +geu bien swi+de beswikene. Wene+d +dat +ge
luuen more godd +danne +ge don +geure eihte; ac l+at him seggen
+dat so+deste, +de is mid rihte So+d icleped: (\Vbi est         #
tesaurus,
ibi est et cor tuum,\) '+Dar +de +din hord is, +t+ar is +tin    #
herte,' he
s+ade. +Dar is +din herte +darof +de +du m+ast +tenkst, and     #
+dat is
+din m+aste luue. Vnderstand nu wel +de seluen, and loke        #
hwa+der
+du +tenke more of godd +de of +din eihte, and wite +du te      #
so+te:
hwarof +du mare +tenkst, +dat tu luuest mare! Walewa +das       #
si+des,
+tat ani mann +dat godd haf+d i+giuen witt and wisdom, scall    #
luuien
more +de scaftes +de godd +gescop, +danne he do his sceppend,   #
+de him and
alle +ting +gescop! Lieue saule, ic +de warni and +gierne       #
bidde, +dat
tu, mid +dessere godes +giue +de (\scientia\) hatte,            #
understande and
lierne fastliche +da +gekyndes of sennes, hwannen and hwanne    #
hie 
<P 71>
cumen, +tat +du mu+ge bien war wi+d hem; and +dar +du art       #
+durh hem
+gewunded, +dat +du cunne hes halen; and eft, of +dese hali     #
mihtes,
+dat tu hes kunne wel +gecnawen, and mid godes fultume          #
wi+dhealden.
 
[}OF RADE.}]

   Hier after cum+d an o+der godes +giue, +de is icleped        #
(\consilium\) , +tat
is, r+ad. Herof seide Salomon: (\Omnia fac cum consilio,
et postea non penitebis,\) 'Do alle +ting after rade, +der      #
after hit
ne scal +te of+tenchen.' Mani+ge gode +tinges +du hafst iherd   #
and
ilierned; nim +dar after rad, naht at wise manne one, and +te   #
bie
ba+de wis and ec goddfrihti, and ifonded of religiun. Hwilch    #
lif
+du betst mu+ge laden, +dat au+t to benne michel after +dan     #
+de +du
hafst michel misdon, o+der litel; and +danne mot me lokin +din
ikinde, and +dinne lichames h+ale o+der unhale. For+dan, +gif   #
+du
undernimst swilch +dat tu for unhale ne miht ifor+din, +dat     #
+du godd
haddest behaten, hit is +de michel hauht. Eftsones bie warr,
+gif +du behatst god michel god te donn, and heih lif te        #
healden:
+dat lasse gode lif +de +du arrer hafdest, ne miht tu naht eft  #
healden,
and bien +gebore+gen. Hier of sei+d +dat hali godspell: (\Qui
mittit manum suam ad aratrum, et respicit retro,
non est aptus regno dei,\) 'Se +de do+d his hand to +dere sull
of godspelle, and Cristes +goc wile beren, and forlat al +de    #
woreld,
and loce+d abach, w+andinde to +de woreld, he nis naht wur+de
heuene riche.' +Dis is +ges+ad bi +da manne +de forlat al +de   #
woreld,
and fol+ge+d godes stiefne, +de +dus sei+d: (\Venite ad me      #
omnes qui
laboratis et honorati estis, et cetera,\) 'Cume+d to me,' he    #
sei+d,
'alle +de swinke+d mid euele werkes, and +geheue+ged bie+d mid  #
manikennes
sennes, and ic eu wile +giue reste to +geuer saule, and ic wile
lihten +geuer ber+dene, +gif +ge mine rad hlesten wille+d.      #
Bere+d min
+goc uppe +geu, of hersumnesse, +te is softe, and min ber+den   #
is liht,
of mine bebodes to healden. Mid mine fultume alle +ding +ge
mu+gen; wi+d-uten me, nan+ting.' For +dessere swete clepienge
cume+d ba+de gode and euele, and late+d all +de woreld, and     #
nime+d
Cristes marc uppen hem, of so+de religiun, hwilche kennes swa   #
hit
<P 73>
bie. +De hali gast hem warne+d, and sei+d: 'Godd +de +geu       #
haue+d
icleped ut of +dare lease woreld in to gode liue, he ne nett    #
+geu naht
+der to, ac sei+d: (\Si uis perfectus esse,\) '+Gif +du wilt,'  #
he sei+d,
'bien +durhut god mann, +danne forlat +du +de woreld; and +gif  #
+du
nelt naht, +tu miht wuni+gen on +dare woreld, and ec bien       #
+gebore+gen,
+gif +du +dinne cristendom wel haldst.' Ac +gif +du ne miht     #
+de naht
wel ber+gen, o+der +du wilt, for Cristes luue, more +toli+gen,  #
and betere
lif laden: lhist, +derof ic +de wile warnin. (\Fili, accedens   #
ad
seruitudinem dei, et cetera,\) 'Lieue sune,' he sei+d, '+tanne  #
+du
cumst to godes huse him to +denin, bie wel war, and +garke      #
+dine
saule a+gen mani+ges kennes fandin+ges, and stand mid michel    #
dradnesse,
for+dan +du scalt bien +gefonded on +da hali liue al swo is +te
pott +de is idon on +de barnende ofne. Gif he +dar inne         #
berste+d and
brek+d, he is forloren and sone ut-+geworpen; +gif he bel+af+d  #
hal and
+gesund, +de pottere hine de+d +dar to +de he iscapen was.'     #
+De apostele
sei+d +dat godd ne wile naht +toli+gen of none his icorene      #
more te
fondin +danne he mu+ge +tolien. Ac +do +de berste+d wi+d-inne   #
here
wunienge for here modinesse, hwarof here herte is swa full swa  #
is
bladdre of winde, hie bie+d ut-iworpen +durh dieules lare,      #
naht for
hem seluen ane, ac for o+dre ec awei te affleien. +Danne        #
fare+d hie
eft to +dare woreld, and bie+d forcu+dere +danne hie arrer      #
w+aren.
Hie forwerpe+d here r+ad and here cla+des, and nemee+d hem to   #
+dare
woreld and bie+d apostate Criste, forsakene, naht mid           #
wordes, ac
mid werkes, +de werse is, +gif hit mai. Munec mai ut-faren mid
ileaue in to hermitorie, o+der in to onnesse te wunien, +gif    #
he godd
haf+d to iwitnesse +dat he mid hlutter herte hit do+d, for      #
bett to
donne. We finde+d on +gewrite +tat eremite ne owh on wilderne   #
te
wunien, bute he arst bie +gefanded +durh regule and +durh       #
maistre in
+dan gastliche ofne +de we +ar embe spaken. Ancer is swi+de     #
gastlich
lif. +Dese twa lif, hermite and ans+ate lif, +de we nu clepe+d  #
anker,
hie w+aren hwile ferr fram mannen wuniende, and w+aren swi+de
iluuede and ihei+ged +durh +da hali faderes +de +dar inne       #
wuneden and
hit orliche hielden. Swa me mai +giet sume finden - i+tanked    #
bie
godd! - +de swi+de gastlich lif l+adet after +dare woreld +de   #
nu is. Al
<P 75>
swa me mai, mang alles kennes liues menn, sume gode and sume
euele finden. He it wot, +de all wot. +Gif +du wilt on +dare    #
woreld
beleauen, and wif and childre hauen, and land teli+gen and      #
weri+gen,
+du scalt hauen +das te more iswink. Ac +gif +du hauest godne   #
rad+giue,
+du miht +dar wel libben, and ec at gode god lean ofearni+gen.
Alle +do +ting +de +du hauest te donne, do it mit r+ade; and    #
+de rad bie
swulch, +dat tu noht ne do a+genes +de holi write. Hierof us    #
warne+d
Crist, and +dus sei+d: (\Dum es cum aduersario tuo in uia, et
cetera,\) '+Darhwile +de +du art mid +tine wi+derwine on +da    #
wei+ge, bie
him tei+tinde +dat +de he wile hauen idon, l+aste he +de nime   #
and
bet+ache +de +de crauiere, and he se+d+den betache +de +de      #
pineres and
+de cwelleres!' +Dis godspell fol+ge, +gif +du wille. Godes     #
word, godes
r+ad is +din unwine, for+dat hit ne sei+d noht al +dat tu       #
woldest. Ac
+gif +du wilt lesten godd, +tu scalt bien +de hali write        #
buhsum, +do litle
hwile +de +du art mid him her on +dese wei+ge, on +dese scorte  #
liue;
and wite +du te so+de, bute +du him bie hier tei+dinde hwat     #
swa hit +de
ratt to donne: +danne +du cumst on +da heigere wei+ge, +danne   #
+du
art itwamd fram +dine lichame, hit te wile betachen +de         #
crauiere,
+de +de wile crauen of elchere senne, and betellen riht after   #
godes
awene worde, +dat tu aust him to fol+gin to helle, for+dan +de  #
+du art
godd unhersum al swa he. For+di hlest nv hwat godd +de ratt:
(\Diuicie si affluant, nolite cor apponere,\) 'Worldes eihte,   #
+gif
hie is swi+de rixinde to +deward, ne do +du naht +dine herte    #
+derto, ac
do hes to me. +De richeise +de scal trukien, ic ne truke +de    #
naure.
Hwi is te +din hucche trewer +danne ich? Ne sente ic +de        #
seggen bi
+da write of goddspelle +dat tu scoldest makie +din hord up in  #
heuenriche,
and naht upen ier+de? Hwi ne wilt tu me bien buhsum?'
Hlest +giet fur+der Cristes rad, hwat he sei+d on +da hali      #
godspelle:
(\Cum facis prandium aut cenam, noli uocare amicos tuos,
et cetera,\) '+Danne +du wilt makien gestninge,' sei+d Crist,   #
'ne clepe
+du naht +dine friend, ne +dine bre+dren +darto, ne +dine       #
kenesmen, ne
+dine neihibures. Gif +ani of +desen +de mu+gen for+gielden     #
+dine
gestninge, +dane ne clepe +du hes naht. Ac clepe +do wrecches   #
and
to unmihti, +te blinde, +de dumbe, +de deaue, +de halte, +de    #
ne mu+gen
naht hit te for+gielden; +danne art tu is+ali: hit te scal      #
bien for+golden
<P 77>
(\in resurrectione iustorum\) , +dat is, +danne +de rihtwise    #
sculen
arisen, and tu amang hem, on godes swi+dre.' Gif +du naht       #
herof ne 
dest, ne mai +de deuel betellen wel +dat tu art gode unhersum.
Hwa do+d +tis? Hwa halt +tis? Whi segge+d men +dat me ne mai
naht wel bien +gebore+gen on +dare woreld? Hwi ne wilt tu       #
for+gin
godes rad and his lore? +Tis is iwis on of +de hali mihtes +de  #
godd
scift mang his +gecorene, +dat he +gif+d hem god r+ad +turh     #
+de hali+ge
writes, +de he sent hem seggen hu hie mu+gen his wille          #
werchen, and
swa bien +gebore+gen. Hlest and for+gih se +de wile! (\Omni     #
petenti
te, tribue,\) '+Alche manne +de +de bitt +du aust to +giuen,    #
+gif +du
hafst +dat te he ne haue+d, swa +du woldest +dat he dede +de,   #
+gif +du ne
hafdest.' For+dan he sei+d: '+Gif +du +gifst +do manne +de gaf  #
+de, o+der
+de wost +dat wile +giuen +de, whilch lean aust +du te hauen    #
of godd?
Ne don swa +de senfulle men +de of gode noht ne cunnen? Gif +du
luuest +do ilche +de +de luui+ge+d: ne don swa +de werste menn  #
of +de
woreld? Ne don swa +de he+dene? Ac luue +tine unwines for +de
luue of godd; +darof +du scalt hauen michel lean of godd; and   #
lat
him wreke +de is riht deme ouer liuiende and ouer +de deade.
+Gif nedfull mann wile bor+gin at te of +din eihte, lean him    #
ble+deliche,
al swa +din emcristen, wi+duten elchere mede, and +du scalt     #
hauen +de
mede of god.' Gif +du him lanst ani +ting of +dinen, and tu     #
nimst
a+gean more +danne +du him l+andest: iwis +du art a+geanes      #
godes
bebode, and his wra+d+de of-earnest, bute +du hit ibiete.       #
For+dan
after +de hali writes, ealch miede is iteld for gauele; and     #
+te gaueleres
ne cumen neure into heueriche; for +dan, +deih hie d+alden all  #
+dat hie
mid gauele bi+geten habbe+d and mid unrihtwisnesse, hit nis     #
naht
gode icweme, +de is rihtwis. +Da riche menn +de lane+d here     #
eihte uppe
chierches and uppe +da chirch-landes, o+der uppe tunes, o+de    #
uppe
o+dre +tinges +te rentes +giue+d, and healden hes lenger        #
+danne hie
hauen al swa michel swa hie +dar uppe l+anden, full+gewiss hie  #
bie+d
idemd for gouleres; and al swulch lean hie sculen +darof        #
habben alse
gaueleres, +dat is, helle pine, bute hie hit biete. And +de     #
bote nis
nan o+der bute +gielden +dat hie habben mid unrihte inomen,     #
and mid
scrifte. Her of s+ade +de profiete: (\Domine, quis habitabit in
tabernaculo tuo, aut quis, et cetera,\) 'Hlauerd,' he s+ade,    #
'hwa
<P 79>
mai wunen mid +de on +dine huse, o+der hwa mai him resten upe   #
+din
hali+ge munte of heueneriche?' +De hali gast him andswerede,    #
after
o+dre +tinges, and s+ade: (\Qui iurat proximo suo, et           #
cetera,\) 'Se
+de swere+d so+d his nexte, +tat is, his emcristenn, and him    #
naht ne
beswik+d mid none chiepinge ne mid nan o+dre +dinge; and se     #
+de ne
+gif+d naht his eihte te goule, and se +de ne nim+d none mede   #
of +da
innocentes, +dat bien uneilinde menn +de none manne euel ne
wille+d: +dese mu+gen wuni+gen on godes telde, and uppen his    #
munte
hem resten.' And +da +de mede neme+d, hie ne sculen +dar neure
cumen, +gif hie bien +dar mide +genomene. Nu bien sume o+dre    #
+dat
healden hem seluen wise and +geape, and befaste+d here          #
pane+ges +de
ha+dene menn, for to habben of hem bi+geate; and sume, hi       #
l+ane+d
here emcristen te halue bi+geate, +de fare+d +dar mide be       #
londe and
be watere on michele hahte on liue and on saule, and mid        #
michele
swinke: and hie sitte+d at ham and ne hauen +darof non          #
+geswink,
bute on here +dohtes and on here spaches. +Dis +gesie+d and     #
+gehiere+d
hadede and leeavede; and for +dare euele +gewune ne +dinc+d     #
hit hem
no misdade, ac bie+d ihealden for wise menn and for +geape. Of
swilche sade godd +durh +de profiete: (\Ve, qui sapientes       #
estis in
oculis uestris, et coram uobis met ipsis prudentes!\) 'Wa
+geu +de healde+d +geu seluen for wise, and to-foren +geu       #
seluen bie+d
+geape! +Gie beswike+d mi folk mid +geure euele forbisne, and   #
mid
+geure scarpe witt. +Gie cunnen +geu bewerien mid +geuere       #
manifelde
spaches; +gerihtwisi+d +dane for+gelte for medes, and +de       #
rihtwisnesse
of +de rihtwise manne +ge him beneme+d.' For +dan he is         #
ihealde nu
for sott, bute ha michel eihte be+gete; and +to +de michel      #
eihte
bi+gete+d mid +geure michele eihte, hem +gie rihtwisi+d, and    #
segge+d +tat
he bien auhte men and gode menn. He sei+d +giet for+der, +de    #
profiete:
(\Ve, qui dicitis bonum malum, et malum bonum,\) 'Wa +geu
+de segge+d +dat it is god te bi+geten michel eihte, +de ne     #
mai bien
bi+geten wi+d-uten unrihtwisnesse!' For-+di hie is icleped of   #
godes
mu+de (\Mammona iniquitatis\) . Wa +geu +de segge+d +dat he is
unsali +dat none wordles eihte ne haf+d, +de mid nane unrihte   #
none ne
wile bi+geten, and +da +dat he hadde mid mani+ge unrihtes       #
bi+geten
<P 81>
he haue+d forloren, and +dat +dole+d mid +dolemodnesse, and     #
gode
+tanke+d. An o+der stede he sei+d, godd: (\Ve qui ridetis, quia
plorabitis,\) 'Wa +geu +de nu leihe+d for +dese wordles lease   #
blisse,
and for +geure michele wele +de +ge nu hauen! Wa +geu +de       #
beplaiti+d
+geuer emcristen, and w+ande+d +dat rihte te wroh+ge, and +dat  #
woh+ge
te rihte, and +de nime+d mede for +geuer swikele spaches, +de   #
speke+d
an ai+der half, swilche +gie here beire friend w+are.' +Gif     #
+du wilt on
+dare world wuni+gen, and +durh +dese godes wordes war bien and
+dane eadie Iob fol+gin, +de was god worldmann: +du miht mid    #
godes
fultume +de seluen ber+gen.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 107>
[}OF HERSUMNESSE.}]

   An o+der mihte is +gehoten (\obediencia\) , +dat is,         #
hersumnesse.
+Dies is swi+de behieue on godes huse. Alle +de godd luui+ge+d
<P 109>
hes a+ge+d to luuien and to healden. Al swa al mankinn +durh    #
unhersumnesse
hafden dea+d, al swa +durh hersumnesse hit cam to liue.
+Dies holi mihte make+d +dane mann le+debeih and hersum gode    #
and
his eldren; and +dat after ealde and +gunge and alle manne.     #
After
+dat, +de he ifor+den mai, ne nim+t he none +gieme hwa+der hit  #
bie fair +de
lo+dlich, +de hot +de cold, +de heui +de liht; all him +ding+d  #
god, for
his luue +de was hersum his fader anon to +de dea+de, Iesv      #
Crist.
+Dies is swi+de beheue +aurilch mann +dat +aure i-bore+gen      #
scal bien,
+tat he bie hersum gode, and, for his luue, +de biscope, and    #
his prieste,
and his louerde. Ac me ne auh to bien hersum bute of gode. +Gif
mann hat o+der bitt senne to donne, +tar to ne awh me naht to
bien hersvm. Whar +de godd +gif+d +dese mihte, hit kydh hit     #
sone.
Hie make+d +dane mann - nis he of swo heie kenne, +tat hie him
ne make+d - +treall. Al swa hie de+d +dese munekes, +de bie+d   #
hersum ane
deadliche manne al swa hit w+are godd self, swa hie die+d hem   #
+de
on +dare woreld wuni+gen. Hie bien swi+de +giernfull godes      #
la+ge to
liernin, and +danne +dar after werchen, and him +de hem wel     #
cann
wissin hie beseke+d, and his r+ad bli+deliche hliste+d and      #
fol+gi+d, +de
laste hie falle+d mid +da blinde in to +dan pette +de Crist     #
self embe
spak. He hem clepede dumbe hundes +durh +de profiete, +de sade:
(\Canes muti, non ualentes latrare\) , 'Hie bie+d +de dumbe
hundes +de ne cunnen o+der ne mu+gen berken.' For +de luue of   #
godd
ic bidde, ne latt tu herfore non +de unwur+tere, for +dan +du   #
wost
hwo it is. +Durh +desse hole mihti and +durh his gode ileauen   #
was
Abraham iblesced of godd, and him behoten +dat on scolde cumen
of his kenne +durh hwam all mannkenn scolde bien iblesced. +Dus
spak godd to Abrahame: (\Exi de terra tua, et cetera,\) 'Ga     #
ut,'
cwa+d he, 'of +dine lande and ut of +dine kenne and ut of       #
+dines fader
huse, and cum in to +do londe +de ic +de wile sceawin.' Abraham
iliefde +datt godd him s+ade, and was him hersum. +Dis ilche    #
sei+d
godd to hem +de he wile +dat bie him hersum: 'Ga ut of +dine    #
lande!'
+Tin land +dat is +din flesc, +de nis bute ier+de. Ga ut of     #
+dines flasches
lustes, +dat tu hem na more ne fol+ge. 'And ut of +dine         #
kenne!' +Tat
bie+d alle +dine euele +deawes +de +du mide ware iboren and ec  #
ifedd.
<P 111>
'And vt of +tines fader huse!' +Dar hwile +de mann li+d on      #
heauedsennes,
he is +des dieules sune, al swo +de gode mann +de is godes
sune +tanne he godd luue+d and fol+ge+d. All +dis woreld was    #
+des
dieules hus +ar Crist come, +de him ut warp. +Derof he sade:    #
(\Nunc
princeps mundi huius eicietur foras,\) 'Nu scal +de alder
of +dis woreld ut bien +gedriuen.' Hier +de l+ar+d godd +dat    #
tu scule
+de woreld forlaten +dines a+genes +tankes, +ar +de dea+d hes   #
te benime
+tines un+tankes, and cumen to +do lande +de he +de wile        #
sceawin, +tat
is, +dat lond of +dare heuenliche Ierusalem. Efsones he him     #
fondede,
and fond him treuwe. (\Tolle filium tuum, quem diligis,
Isaac,\) 'Nim +dine sune, +de +du luuest swa michel, and offre  #
hine
me upe +dare dune +de ic +de wile sceawin! Abraam ne hadde
nanne sune be his rihte spuse bute +anne, and +dat was          #
bi+geten on
his michele ielde. For +di he was icleped Isaac, +tat is,       #
blisse. Al
swo sei+d godd to +de: 'Offre me +tine sune Ysaac, +tat is,     #
+tat +ting
+de +du mast luuest!' Vnderstond nu wel what +dat bie, and loke
hw+a+der +du mu+ge +derof bien hersum goddalmihtin. +Gif +du    #
luuest
+din a+gene wille alre mast, +tanne is +de swi+de holsum +dat   #
+du +tis
ofri +dine louerde god, for+dan hit is him swi+de +gecweme loac
+dat +du lat +dine a+gene wille and fol+ge his. +Dis +du scalt  #
ofrien upe
+dare hei+ge dune of hersumnesse. Nis non mihte on godes
temple +dat ne haf+t lott and dole mid +dessere eadi+ge mihte.

[}OF MILCE.}]

   (\Misericordia\) hatte an o+der hali mihte, +dat is, milce,
+de gode is swi+de icweme. +Dat he sceawede him selu to
alle nied-fulle +de him besohten. Also was Marie and Martha,    #
+de
him besohten of here deade bro+der, Lazarum, +de he sone        #
arearde of
tua dea+des, of saule and of lichame. Swa he hadde sone mildce  #
of
+de forleiene wiue, +de scolde bien ofsteand te dea+de, after   #
+dare
ealde lau+ge. He for+gaf hire +dane dea+d, and alle hire        #
sinnen he
for+gaf. Swa he dede seinte Petre, +de hine hadde forsaken.     #
Anon,
+do +de he lokede upen him, he agann to wepen, and his sennen   #
him
w+aren for+giuene. Hu +de +deof, +de n+aure god nadde idon?     #
+Dis
<P 113>
mildce him dede cumen fram +dare rode anon in to paradise. Nis
non +de mihte witten alle +de milcen +de godd haf+d idon, and   #
+giet
die+d, +aure +durh +dessere eadi mihti. Herof us mene+ge+d      #
Iesu Crist,
and sei+d: (\Estote misericordes,\) 'Bie+d mildciende, al swo   #
+geuer
fader is on heuene!' Eft he sei+d him self: (\Beati             #
misericordes,
quoniam ipsi misericordiam, et cetera,\) 'Eadi bie+d +de milde,
for+dan hie sculen hauen milce of gode, swo swo hie habbe+d     #
milce of
mannen.' Bi +dessere holi mihte is iwriten on +de saltere:      #
(\Misericordia
et Ueritas obuiauerunt sibi,\) 'Godes Mildce and So+d,
+tat is, godd, +gemetten hem to gedere.' All +dat +aure is on   #
+de hali
write, all hit is forbisne of gode. Hit sei+d +tat +dese two,   #
Mildce and
So+d, hem imetten, and ic write swilch Mildce spele wi+d        #
So+de, and
+dus sei+d: 'Sei me, So+d, hwat is +din rad of +de forgilte     #
Adame, and
of all his ofsprenge? Ne mai he nauere mo a+gean cumen? Hwarto
was he aure iscapen te manne? Hu ne was he iscapen for to       #
habbenne
for+d mid +do aingles heueneriches merh+te?' +Da andswerede
So+d: 'Nis him idon non unriht. Ich him warnede, and so+d sade,
hwilche dai +de he tobreke godes forbode, he scolde dea+d       #
+toli+gen;
and he hadde au+gene kere te donne hwa+der swo he wolde. Ne     #
dede
dieuel him none streng+te.' +Ta andswerede +giet                #
(\Misericordia\) : 'Be+tenc
+tat alswa swa +du sadest +dat he dea+d scolde +toli+gen,       #
alswa +du
sadest: (\Faciamus hominem ad ymaginem et similitudinem!\)
After +dine anlicnesse +du hine scope. Ne latt +du naure
forfaren +dine a+gen anlicnesse, ac to +dare eadinesse +de he   #
to was
iscapen, lat him +darto cumen, for +dire muchele godnesse,      #
+tei his
miche[{le{] euelnesse hit nabbe noht ofearned!' So+d was        #
le+debei, alse
hire iwune is aure, and sade to Mildce: 'Cume we te-fore gode   #
and
his Rihtwisnesse and his Dome and beforen alle his holi         #
mihtes, and
bem+an +de +dar! Al +dat ic mai +de bien te fultume ich wille   #
ble+deliche.'
(\Misericordia\) nam mid hire (\Pietatem\) and (\Pacem\) ,
and comen before gode, and swi+de eadmodliche him besohten,     #
and se
eadi+ge Mildce hire astrehte sone teforen gode, and +dus        #
s+ade: 'Hali,
hali lauerd, haue are and milce of Adame, +dine forgilte        #
manne, +de
swo mani+ge hundred wintre haf+d i+doled +to +desternesse of    #
helle, +de
<P 115>
was iscapen to +dare muchele eadinesse of +dine riche! Ac noht
he one, ac all his ofspreng haf+d dieuel swo on his walte, +dat #
non
ne mai cumen into +dare riche +de hie to waren iscapen; ac      #
alle he
bring+t in to helle, ba+de gode and euele. Hlauerd, haue ore    #
and
rewh+te and mildce of +din handiwerc! +Aure hie habbe+d hope
+dat tu scule habben ore and milce of hem.'
   Anon hire bemande Rew+de, and sade: '+Alle, +du, lauerd,     #
angin
and welle of alle godnesse, haue rew+dhe and milce of +de       #
wrecche
Adames soule, +de was iscapen after +dine andlicnesse, and of   #
+dine
patriarches and of +dine profietes, and mani +tusend hali       #
saules, +de
alle +tolie+d pine for Adames gelte, mid gode rihte, for his    #
un-hersumnesse!
Alle hie wepe+d and woni+d, and hopie+d to +dire
muchele milce and to +de loki+d, all hwat +du send hem sume
aliesendnesse. Hi me rewe+d swa swi+de +dat ic reste ne mai 
habben.'
   'Lauerd, +gif hit is +din wille,' s+ade Sibsumnesse, '+tis   #
ne mai noht
bien on +dine riche. +Din sibsumnesse is swo swi+de michel      #
+dat on
lepi +toht ne mai +der bien bute mid alle sof[{t{]nesse and     #
mid alle
eadinese. Make seihte betwen Milce and Rih[{t{]wisnesse, and    #
Dom
and Rew+de make wel to-gedere! Na+del+as, ic hit wot wel +dat   #
tu
wilt hauen ore of mankenne. +Tin godnesse hit ne mai noht       #
l+aten.'
   +Dat sede Rihtwis-nesse: 'Mid michel riht +dole+d Adam +dat  #
he
+dole+d, for +dan he was his sceppend unhersum. Godd he         #
unwur+dede
+da +ta he +dolede +dat his wi+derwine him ouercam, wi+d-uten   #
streng+te.
His louerd he dede arst michel harm, he slou arst him seluen,   #
and
se+d+den all mankenn, and for his unhersumnesse he bereauede    #
godes
riche of him seluen and of all his ofsprenge, +tat naure mo he  #
ne
mai a+gean cumen be rihte dome.'
   +Da sade So+d: '+Dat is riht +dat godes milce bie aure       #
heier and
more +danne his rihte dom. Hlauerd, hit is so+d +dat tu behete
Abraham, +dine lieue frend, +tat +turh an of his kenne scolde   #
bien
iblesced all mankenn. Eft +du behete Daui+de, the rihtwise      #
kyng:
(\De fructu uentris tui ponam super sedem tuam,\) "Of +do
<P 117>
wastme of +dine wombe ic wille setten uppe +dine setle." Eft he
sei+d an o+der stede: (\Dominus dixit ad me: filius meus\) .'
+Da spac almihti godd, and sade: '+Dies dai haue+d aure ibien   #
mid
me and +aure me wur+d. Hit is so+d +dat tu seiest: "On +dese    #
dai+ge
ic +de habbe istriend on heuene, wi+d-uten moder." Swa +du      #
scalt on
ier+de, wi+d-uten fader istriend of moder. On +delliche wise    #
+du
scalt becumen so+d mannes sune swo swo +du art so+d godes sune.
Ne bidde ic non o+der loc for Adames gelte bute +de. (\Postula  #
a
me,\) and besiech at me swo muchel folc swo +du wilt after      #
+giernen,
and ic +de wile +giuen to +din eruename, and +du scalt wealden  #
all 
middeneard and all +dat +dar inne is.'
   (\Tunc dixi: ecce, uenio.\) +Do sade So+d: 'Hlauerd, fader,  #
+du
ne woldest non o+der loac ne o+der ofrende bute +dat ic         #
underfenge
mannes lichame and his saule, and +dat ic +de offrede for here
gelte. (\Ecce venio,\) loke, ic am iradi +dine wille to         #
werchen, and
mankenn to aliesen.'
   +Dat sade godes Rih[{t{]wisnesse: 'Nv +du wilt mann          #
becumen, +du
scalt dea+d +tolien after +dine au+gene dome, +gif +dat wunder  #
mai bien
so+d +tat eche lif mai +doli+gen dea+d; and +du scalt on alle   #
wise bieten
+de he haue+d tebroken. Hoal +di godnesse!'
   +Dat sade So+d: 'Hierto ic am all iradi, te bien hersum      #
godd anon
to +de dea+de for mankenn to aliesen.' (\Iusticia et Pax        #
osculate
sunt;\) +de profiete sei+d +dat 'Rihtwisnesse and Sibsumnesse
kesten hem to-gedere.' +Do +dis was +gedon, (\Veritas de terra  #
orta
est,\) and swo swo so+d +gekynd of ier+de. Vre ier+de was       #
+gewer+ged
+durh Adames geltes. (\Maledicta terra in opere tuo,\)          #
'+Gewer+ged
bie +de ier+de on +dine werke,' cwa+d godd te Adame. Nu sei+d   #
+de
profiete: (\Benedixisti, domine, terram tuam. - Benedicta tu
in mulieribus, et benedictus,\) 'Iblesced bie +du,' seide +de   #
angel. 'on
godes half mang alle wiues, and iblesced bie +dat wasme of      #
+dine wombe,
+te is so+d godd and so+d mann!' +Durh +dese manne Iesu Crist,  #
+de
was of Adames kenne, war+d se ier+de iblesced, +de was arer     #
iwer+ged.
All he +geald +dane harm +de was +gecumen +durh Adam, swi+de
wisliche al swo he +de was wisdom him self. +Durh Eue, +de was
+giet maiden, was all mankenn forloren; +durh Marie, +de eadi
<P 119>
maiden, hit war+d eft +geboregen. +Durh +da trowe and his       #
wastme
wer+d al mankenn idemd to dea+de; +turh +de trowe of +de lieue  #
halie
rode and +durh +dare iblescede wastme +de +dar on heng, hit     #
cam eft
te +dan eche liue. +Durh unhersumnesse of +de trowe ouercam +de
dieuel Adam; +turh hersumnesse of +de hali rode ouercam Crist
+dane ealde dieuel. For +dan he was hersum his fader anon to    #
+de
dea+de, swa swa he him self hit ne hadde noht ofearned, for+dan
he neure senne ne dede; and na+del+as +tolede o +de rode,       #
swilch he
ware for+geilt. A+geanes +dat Adam mid his ei+gene iseih +dat   #
wastme
of +de treuwe +de him likede, a+geanes +dat +tolede Crist +dat  #
me blindfallede
hise. A+geanes +dat his fiet him baren to +de forbodene
treuwe, a+geanes +dat waren Cristes fiet +durhborede mid isene  #
nailes
to +dare rode. A+geanes +dat his honden namen +das trewes       #
wastme,
a+geanes +tat waren Cristes handes +durhnailed te +da hali      #
rode.
A+geanes +tat him +duhte swete +dat wastme on his mu+de,        #
a+geanes +tat
underfeng godd +de bitre +galle on his mu+de. A+geanes +dat     #
Adames
hierte was i-attred +durh dieules mene+ginge, swa +dat him      #
ba+de hit
wel likede and ec tei+tede, +dolede Crist +dat me +turh-stong   #
his
hierte; and a+geanes +da twa michele likinge and tei+tinge, us
comen twa michele gode of +dare hali wunde, +tat was, water and
blod. On +da watere we bie+d iwascen of alle sennes; of +da     #
wastme
+de hangede on +de hali rode, and of +da blode +de +dar         #
ut+giede, we
notie+d on +gomes alle kennes attre of dieule, and swa we       #
kylie+d
vre wreche hierte, +de his ofte forswald of +dan michele brene  #
of
dieules costninges. +Dus us halde ure halend Iesu Crist, +tus   #
us
aliesde ure aliesend, and se+d+den aros of dea+de, alswo he     #
+de was
so+d lif, and bar up to heuene ure loac and ure ofrende, his    #
hali
lichame, +de he nam of ure +gekynde, and ofrede his fader       #
swi+de
icweme loc, be his a+gene iwitnesse +de sade: (\Hic est filius  #
meus
dilectus, in quo mihi bene complacui,\) '+Dis is mi leue sune,  #
on
him me like+d swi+de.' Heueneriches gate he haue+d iopened      #
alle +de
on him leue+d and him for+gin wille+d. Alle his ikorene he      #
haf+d
<P 121>
bihoten, swa so+dliche swa he aros of dea+de, +tat hie sculen   #
al swo
mid lichame and mid saule, and mid +de hali angles and mid him
aure mo wuni+gen. Amen.

[}OF SCRIFTE.}]

   +Da +de Crist gann arst to spellen, +dat was, +do +de he     #
+giede fram
flumen Iordan, +da sade he: (\Penitenciam agite, appropinquabit
enim regnum celorum,\) 'Nime+d scrifte of +gewer
sennes, hit neihe+d heuene riche.' Full+gewis is clene saule    #
Cristes
riche. For +di us mene+ge+d allre +tinge arst ure lauerde of    #
+desre
eadi mihte, +tat we scolden beon rewsende ure sennen, and swa
hus lokin mid his fultume, +tat we eft ne befallen on senne.
+Dat sei+d sanctus Ieronimus: (\Est autem penitere peccata
ante acta deflere, et flenda non repetere,\) 'Swa scal,' he     #
sei+d,
'mann his senne berewsen, +dat he eft ne do +dat he eft +durue  #
be-riwsin.'
+Dis sei+d sanctus Augustinus: (\Penitere est penam tenere,\)
'+Dat his,' he sei+d, 'so+de berewsinge, +dat mann him healde   #
eure on
sumere pine.' Eft we finde+d on +da hali writt +dat +de cniht   #
+de
weapne ber+d unlawliche, ne chapmann +de bei+d and sel+d mid
unri[{h{]twisnesse, ne mu+gen neure so+de scrifte don, +dare    #
[{h{]wile +de hie
+dese wike befele+d; ne he +de +durhwune+d on wra+d+te, ne he   #
+de
wuneliche li+d on hordome, ne glewmen, ne gaueleres, ne         #
wicchen,
ne unriht domesmann, ne non +dare manne +de on heaued-senne     #
li+d
and +da luuie+d. Mann +de wel wile bien riwsinde, ne rewe him
nauht ane hise sennes, ac +get +dat he for [{h{]is +gemelaste   #
ne haf+d
god +gedon on +da time +de he naure mo eft nacoure+d, and is    #
for+d 
+gegan. +Da +de bie+d on religiun, hie bie+d aure under         #
scrifte, swa
bihoue+d us alswa.

[}OF ANDETNESSE.}]

   Hier after cume+d an o+der hali mihte, +de is icleped        #
(\confessio\) ,
+dat his, andetetdnesse; +dat is, +danne +de mann
undett [{h{]is herte, and sei+d his scrifte his sennes +durh    #
his mu+de, +de
<P 123>
waren arrer +gedett on his herte. Hier of sade godd: (\Dic tu   #
iniquitates
tuas, ut iustificeris,\) 'Sei +du +tine unrihtwisnesses,
+gif +du wilt bien irihtwised.' Herof sade sanctus              #
Avgustinus:
(\Qui per uos peccatis, per uos erubescatis,\) '+Gie +de        #
sene+gin be
+gew seluen, do+d scame +gew seluen. And wite +gie to so+de     #
+dat ilke
scame is on lott of +dare for+gifnesse.' (\Fit enim ueniale     #
per confessionem,
quod criminale fuerat per operacionem,\) 'Hit is
for+giuenliche senne +durh andettednesse +de was arrer          #
heaued-senne
+durh weorke.' Ac hit be[{h{]oue+d +dat hie bie wiel hlutter,   #
and +dat
+dar ne bie forholen non atter. Hier of sade +de profete:       #
(\Confitemini
domino, quoniam bonus,\) 'Andetti+d +gewer sennen,' he
sade, 'goddalmihtin, for +dan +de he is god, for +dan his       #
mildsce is
hier on world.' Se +de her godes mildsce ne be+gett, ne wur+d   #
hie
him naure mo ealles hwer. We finde+d on +de hali write +dat     #
+gif
mann ware firliche uppen his dea+de, and he prest ne mihte
habben, andette his sennen him +de ware necst him, and he       #
scolde
habben mildsce, bute +gif hit ware +dat he +dane prest          #
forhowede;
o+d+der +gif he ware all hone, +danne most he to godd ane. And
belokie elch mann +dat he naure nortriwi godes are ne his       #
mildsce,
ne eft sones ne bie no mann to +trist to sene+gin, and segge:   #
'Mare
mai godd for+giuen +danne we mu+gen to sene+gin.' (\Non adicies
peccatum super peccatum et dices: quoniam misericordia
domini magna est!\)

[}OF CLENNESSE.}]

   An o+der eadi mihte his +gehaten (\mundicia\) , +tat is,     #
clannesse,
+de is inne godes huse swi+de +geluued. Ne mai +gie i+dolien    #
none
unclannesse on godes temple, ne bene+den on +di likame, ne      #
abuuen
on +dire saule, ne on +douhtes, for +dan hie wat wel +dat       #
openlicor ben
+touhtes to-foren gode +danne be+d spaches be-foren manne; ne   #
of
fule spaches hie ne mai nauht +dolien, for +dan hie wot +dat    #
god his
+gehiere+d and alle misliki+d; ne euele workes hie ne mai nieh
wunien, for +dan +dat godd his hat scunien. (\Mundamini qui
fertis uasa domini,\) 'Makie+d +gew clane +de bere+d godes      #
faten!'
Clanse +tine hirte, for +dan +te hie owh to benne godes fatt.   #
On
<P 125>
hire me scal beren godes sande, godes word. (\In corde meo
abscondi eloquia tua, ut non peccem tibi,\) 'On mine hierte
ich hedde +tine wordes, hlauerd, +tat ich nolde naht sene+gin   #
a+geanes
+de.' Swa dede sancta Maria; hie bar godes wordes on hire
hierte, +tat hie ofte mihte +tenken on him +de hie michel       #
luuede,
(\conferens in corde suo\) . Hie bar on hire hierte +tat +te    #
godd
sade: (\Beati mundo corde, quoniam ipsi deum uidebunt,\)
'Eadi bie+d +da clane-hierte menn, for +dan hie sculen gode     #
+gesen.'
Godd ne mai ben +gesi+gen mid none o+der ei+gen +danne mid      #
+tare
hierte. Wassce and wipe wol clane +da ei+gene, for +dan so+d    #
is +dat
hie +de siggen. Gif +tu wilt witen wilke ei+gene +de hierte     #
mu+ge
habben, hie bie+d +genamned (\intellectus et racio\) . +Dese    #
mu+gen
+gesen alswa wel onbuten mid-niht alswa on mid-dai+g. And+geat  #
and
skele bie+d +da twa ei+gene. +Durh and+geat +tu understanst     #
alle +ting,
and +durh scadwisnesse +tu scalt skilien +de euele fram +de     #
gode. All
+dat +de +tu +tencst +tu +giesichst mid +tese ei+gen. Ac aure   #
to fele bie+d
bisne mid +tan onen of +tese ei+gen, and to fele mid ba+de. Of  #
alle
+da edmodnesses +de godd behet on his spelle, nis +dar non swo  #
heih
swa is '+de is clene-hierte.' Be+giete se +de mu+ge! Ich +te    #
warni,
ne be+giethst +du his naure clane +dar wile +dat +tu ne recst   #
wat +tu
+tenche, ne wat +tu speke, ne wat +du +gehire speken. And bute  #
+tu
his +gier[{n{]e make clane after +tine mihte, mid godes helpe,  #
ne scal tu
naure +gesen mid +dase ei+gene +de +tu mide +gesiest sunne and  #
mone,
godd almihtin. Luue +dese hali mihte (\mundiciam\) , and hie    #
+de
make+d clane-hierte. Amen.

[}OF LORE.}]

   (\Disciplina\) is on o+ter hali mihte, +de goddself us hat   #
nemen
+durh +de prophete, +de sei+d: (\Apprehendite disciplinam,
et cet.,\) 'Neme+d discipline of alle +de misdades +de +ge      #
de+d, +te las te
godd him wra+d+ti, and +gie forfaren of +da rihte wei+ge!'      #
Bute +du neme
riht of +de seluen of +de misdades +de +du mis-dest, mid        #
fasten, o+d+der mid
wake, o+d+der mid wope and sare beriwsinge, o+d+der mid         #
weringe,
<P 127>
o+d+der mid cnewlinge, o+d+der mid swinke, o+d+der mid clane    #
bede,
o+d+der mid hlutter almesse, mid +de rade +tine scrifte: godes
wra+d+de cum+t uppen +de, swa +tat +du forliest +da ane rihte   #
wei+g +te
ga+d to heuene. +Dat is michel godes wra+d+te +tat mann is swa  #
blind
+dat he far+d to helle lei+ginde. +Teih he michel mis-do, nis   #
for +di na
mare sori, +tanne +gif he nadde naht mis-don. (\Exceca cor      #
populi
huius, ne uideant et intelligant.\) Of hem sade godd: 'Bland
+dies folces hierte, +tat hie ne sien ne understande +de rihte  #
wei+ge to
heuene riche.' Heare harde hierte and here euelnesse hit haue+d
of-earned +tat +de blinde latt +dane blinde. +Tat is, se +de    #
him wissin
scolde, de+d +do ilke sennes and haue+d +dar of forbisne, and   #
ec he him
lare+d and sei+d +tat for ates ne for drenches ne for wifmanne, #
+de
godd haue+d +gescapen manne to +gemoane, ne scal man naure ben
forloren. Walawa +tessere lare and +desere dade! Swa ne do +tu
naht, lieue saule. Ac +tanne +du +gefelst +tat +du godes luue   #
ne his
ei+ge ne hafst swa swa +du scoldest, clepe to him and seih mid  #
+de
prophete: (\Illumina oculos meos, domine,\) 'Hlauerd, opene
mine ei+gene and liht his mid +te so+de lihte, +tat ich naure   #
ne bie
slapinde on +dare saule dea+de, ne +dat +de dieueles mu+gen     #
be+gelpen
+tat hie hafden +de hei+gere hand ouer me.' (\Bonitatem et      #
disciplinam 
et scienciam doce me, et cetera,\) 'Ac +du, hlauerd, tach
me godnesse, +durh wan ich god mu+ge bien, and tach me swilche
discipline, +tat ich +tine wra+d+de mu+ge softin, and swilch    #
and+get,
+dat ich +de mu+ge +gecnawen and +gecwemen!'   



<B CMPETERB>
<Q M1 NN HIST PETERB>
<N PETERB CHRON>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE PETERBOROUGH CHRONICLE, 1070-1154.
ED. C. CLARK.
LONDON: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1958.
PP. 54.1 - 60.19^]

<P 54>
   (\Millesimo cxxxii.\) +Dis gear com Henri to +tis land. +Ta  #
com
Henri abbot & uureide +te muneces of Burch to +te king for+ti
+dat he uuolde under+teden +dat mynstre to Clunie, sua +dat te  #
king
was welneh bepaht & sende efter +te muneces. & +Turh Godes
milce & +turh +te biscop of Seresbyri & te biscop of Lincol &   #
te
o+tre rice men +te +ter w+aron, +ta wiste +te king +dat he      #
feorde mid
suicdom. +Ta he nammor ne mihte, +ta uuolde he +dat his nefe
sculde ben abbot in Burch: oc Crist it ne uuolde. Was it noht
suithe lang +terefter +tat te king sende efter him & dide him   #
gyuen
up +dat abbotrice of Burch & faren ut of lande. & Te king iaf   #
+dat
abbotrice an prior of Sanct Neod, Martin was gahaten; he com
on Sancte Petres messedei mid micel wurscipe into the minstre.

(\Millesimo cxxxv.\) On +tis g+are for se king Henri ouer s+a   #
+at te
Lammasse. & +Dat o+ter dei +ta he lai an slep in scip, +ta      #
+testrede
+te d+ai ouer al landes & uuard +te sunne suilc als it uuare    #
thre
niht ald mone, an sterres abuten him at midd+ai. Wur+ten
man sui+de ofuundred & ofdred, & s+aden +dat micel +ting sculde
cumen herefter: sua dide, for +tat ilc g+ar warth +te king ded  #
+dat
o+ter d+ai efter Sancte Andreas massed+ai on Normandi. +Ta
+testre[{den{] sona +tas landes, for +auric man sone r+auede    #
o+ter
+te mihte. +Ta namen his sune & his frend & brohten his lic to
Engleland & bebirie[{den{] in Redinge. God man he wes & micel
+aie wes of him: durste nan man misdon wi+d o+der on his time.
Pais he makede men & d+ar. Wua sua bare his byrthen gold &
sylure, durste nan man sei to him naht bute god. Enmang +tis
was his nefe cumen to Engleland, Stephne de Blais; & com to
Lundene; & te lundenisce folc him underfeng & senden efter
+te +arcebiscop Willelm Curbuil; & halechede him to kinge on 
Midewintre D+ai. On +tis kinges time wes al unfri+d & yfel &
r+aflac, for agenes him risen sona +ta rice men +te w+aron      #
swikes,
alre fyrst Balduin de Reduers; & held Execestre agenes him & te
<P 55>
king it bes+at, & si+d+dan Balduin acordede. +Da tocan +ta      #
o+dre &
helden her castles agenes him. & Dauid king of Scotland toc to
uuerrien him. +Da, +tohuuethere +tat, here sandes feorden       #
betwyx 
heom & hi tog+adere comen, & wur+de s+ahte, +to+t it litel      #
forstode.

(\Millesimo cxxxvii.\) +Dis g+are for +te king Stephne ofer     #
s+a to
Normandi; & ther wes underfangen, for+di +dat hi uuenden +dat
he sculde ben alsuic alse the eom wes, & for he hadde get his
tresor; ac he todeld it & scatered sotlice. Micel hadde Henri
king gadered gold & syluer, & na god ne dide me for his saule
tharof. +Ta +te king Stephne to Englaland com, +ta macod he his
gadering +at Oxeneford. & +Tar he nam +te biscop Roger of       #
Serebyri
& Alexander biscop of Lincol & te canceler Roger, hise
neues, & dide +alle in prisun til he iafen up here castles.     #
+Ta the
suikes underg+aton +dat he milde man was & softe & god, & na
iustise ne dide, +ta diden hi alle wunder. Hi hadden him
manred maked & athes suoren, ac hi nan treuthe ne heolden.
Alle he w+aron forsworen & here treothes forloren, for +auric
rice man his castles makede & +agenes him heolden; & fylden +te
land ful of castles. Hi suencten suy+de +te uurecce men of +te
land mid castelweorces; +ta +te castles uuaren maked, +ta       #
fylden
hi mid deoules & yuele man. +Ta namen hi +ta men +te hi wenden
+dat ani god hefden, bathe be nihtes & be d+aies, carlmen &
wimmen, & diden heom in prisun & pined heom efter gold &
syluer untellendlice pining; for ne uu+aren n+aure nan martyrs
swa pined alse hi w+aron. Me henged up be the fet & smoked
heom mid ful smoke. Me henged bi the +tumbes other bi the
hefed & hengen bryniges on her fet. Me dide cnotted strenges
abuton here h+aued & uuryhten it +dat it g+ade to +te h+arnes.
Hi diden heom in quarterne +tar nadres & snakes & pades w+aron
inne, & drapen heom swa. Sume hi diden in crucethus - +dat is,
in an ceste +tat was scort & nareu & undep - & dide sc+arpe     #
stanes
+terinne & +trengde +te man +t+arinne +dat him br+acon alle +te
limes. In mani of +te castles w+aron lof & grin: +dat w+aron
rachenteges +dat twa o+ter thre man hadden onoh to b+aron onne,
<P 56>
+tat was sua maced, +dat is, f+astned to an beom - & diden an
sc+arp iren abuton +ta mannes throte & his hals, +dat he ne     #
myhte
nowiderwardes, ne sitten ne lien ne slepen, oc b+aron al +dat
iren. Mani +tusen hi drapen mid hung+ar. I ne can ne I ne mai
tellen alle +te wunder ne alle +te pines +dat he diden wrecce   #
men
on +tis land; & +dat lastede +ta xix wintre wile Stephne was    #
king,
& +aure it was uuerse & uuerse. Hi l+aiden g[{+a{]ldes on the   #
tunes
+aure um wile, & clepeden it "tenserie". +Ta +te uurecce men ne
hadden nammore to gyuen, +ta r+aueden hi & brendon alle the
tunes, +dat wel +tu myhtes faren al a d+ais fare, sculdest thu  #
neure
finden man in tune sittende ne land tiled. +Ta was corn d+are,  #
&
fle[{s{]c & c+ase & butere, for nan ne w+as o +te land. Wrecce  #
men
sturuen of hung+ar. Sume ieden on +almes +te waren sum wile
rice men. Sume flugen ut of lande. Wes n+aure g+at mare
wreccehed on land ne n+aure hethen men werse ne diden +tan
hi diden; for ouer sithon ne forbaren hi nouther circe ne
cyrcei+ard, oc namen al +te god +dat +tarinne was & brenden
sythen +te cyrce & al teg+adere. Ne hi ne forbaren biscopes     #
land
ne abbotes ne preostes, ac r+aueden munekes & clerekes, &       #
+auric
man other +te ouermyhte. Gif twa men o+ter iii coman ridend
to an tun, al +te tunscipe flug+an for heom, wenden +dat hi     #
w+aron
r+aueres. +Te biscopes & lered men heom cursede +aure, oc was
heom naht +tarof, for hi uueron al forcurs+ad & forsuoren &     #
forloren.
War s+a me tilede, +te erthe ne bar nan corn, for +te land
was al fordon mid suilce d+ades. & Hi s+aden openlice +dat      #
Crist
slep & his halechen. Suilc & mare +tanne we cunnen s+ain we
+tol[{ed{]en xix wintre for ure sinnes. On al +tis yuele time   #
heold
Martin abbot his abbotrice xx witre & half g+ar & viii d+ais    #
mid
micel suinc; & fand +te munekes & te gestes al +tat heom        #
behoued
& heold mycel carited in the hus, & +to+twethere wrohte on +te
circe & sette +tarto landes & rentes & goded it suythe & l+at   #
it refen,
& brohte heom into +te neuu+a mynstre on Sancte Petres          #
m+assed+ai
mid micel wurtscipe: +dat was (\anno ab Incarnatione Domini 
Millesimo cxl, a combustione loci xxiii\) . & He for to Rome, &
+t+ar w+as w+al underfangen fram +te Pape Eugenie; & beg+at     #
thare
<P 57>
priuilegies, an of alle +te landes of +tabbotrice & an o+ter    #
of +te
landes +te lien to +te circewican, &, gif he leng moste liuen,  #
alse
he mint to don of +te horderwycan. & He beg+at in landes +tat
rice men hefden mid strengthe: of Willelm Malduit +te heold
Rogingham +t+a castel, he was Cotingham & Estun, & of Hugo of
Walteuile he uuan Hyrtlingbyri & Stanewig & lx sol of           #
Aldewingle
+alc g+ar. & He makede manie munekes, & plantede
wini+ard, & makede mani weorkes & wende +te tun betere +tan
it +ar w+as; & w+as god munec & god man, & for+ti him luuedon
God & gode men.
   Nu we willen s+agen sum del wat belamp on Stephnes kinges
time. On his time +te Iudeus of Noruuic bohton an Cristen cild
beforen Estren, & pineden him alle +te ilce pining +dat ure
Drihten was pined, & on Lang Frid+ai him rode hengen for
ure Drihtines luue & sythen byrieden him; wenden +dat it sculde
ben forholen. Oc ure Dryhtin atywede +dat he was hali martyr;
& t[{e{] munekes him namen & bebyried him heglice in +te        #
minstre.
& He maket +tur[{h{] ure Drihtin wunderlice & manif+aldlice
miracles; & hatte he Sanct Willelm.

(\Millesimo cxxxviii.\) On +tis g+ar com Dauid king of Scotland
mid ormete f+ard to +tis land; wolde winnan +tis land. & Him
com tog+anes Willelm eorl of Albamar, +te +te king adde beteht
Euorwic, & t[{e{] other +auez men mid f+au men; & fuhten wid
heom, & flemden +te king +at te Standard, & sloghen suithe      #
micel
of his genge.

(\Millesimo cxl.\) On +tis g+ar wolde +te king Stephne t+acen   #
Rodbert
eorl of Gloucestre, +te kinges sune Henries; ac he ne myhte,
for he wart it war. +Terefter [{i{] +te lengten +testrede +te   #
sunne &
te d+ai abuton nontid d+aies, +ta men eten, +dat me lihtede     #
candles
to +aten bi; & +tat was (\xiii Kalendarum Aprilis\) : w+aron    #
men
suythe ofwundred. +Terefter fordfeorde Willelm +arcebiscop of
Cantwarbyri; & te king makede Teodbald +arcebiscop, +te was
abbot in the Bec. +Terefter w+ax suythe micel uuerre betuyx +te
<P 58>
king & Randolf eorl of C+astre: noht for+ti +dat he ne iaf him  #
al
+dat he cuthe axen him, alse he dide alle othre; oc +afre +te   #
mare
he iaf heom +te w+arse hi w+aron him. +Te eorl heold Lincol
ag+anes +te king & benam him al +dat he ahte to hauen. & Te     #
king
for +tider & bes+atte him & his brother Willelm de Ro[{m{]are   #
in
+te castel. & Te +aorl st+al ut & ferde efter Rodbert eorl of
Glou[{c{]estre & brohte him +tider mid micel ferd, & fuhten     #
suythe
on Ca[{nd{]elmasse d+ai agenes heore lauerd, & namen him - for
his men him suyken & flug+an - & l+ad him to Bristowe & diden
+tar in prisun & [{in fe{]teres. +Ta was al Engleland styred    #
mar +tan
+ar w+as; & al yuel w+a[{s i{]n lande. +Terefter com +te        #
kinges dohter
Henries, +te hefde ben empric[{e in{] Alamanie & nu w+as        #
cuntesse
in Angou; & com to Lundene, & te lundenissce folc hire
wolde t+acen, & sc+a fleh & forles +tar mic[{el{] . +Terefter   #
+te biscop of
Wincestre, Henri +te kinges brother Stephnes, spac wid Rodbert
eorl & wyd +temperice & suor heom athas +dat he neure ma mid
te king his brother wolde halden & cursede alle +te men +te mid
him heoldon, & s+ade heom +dat he uuolde iiuen heom up          #
Wincestre
& dide heom cumen +tider. +Ta hi +t+arinne w+aren, +ta com
+te kinges cuen mid al hire strengthe & bes+at heom, +dat +ter  #
w+as
inne micel hung+ar. +Ta hi ne leng ne muhten +tolen, +ta        #
stal[{en{]
hi ut & flugen. & Hi wurthen war widuten & folecheden heom,
& namen Rodbert eorl of Gloucestre & ledden him to Rouecestre
& diden him +tare in prisun. & Te emperice fleh into an         #
minstre.
+Ta feorden +te wise men betwyx +te kinges freond & te eorles
freond, & sahtlede sua +dat me sculde leten ut +te king of      #
prisun
for +te eorl & te eorl for +te king: & sua diden. Sithen        #
+terefter
sa[{ht{]leden +te king & Randolf eorl at Stanford, & athes      #
suoren
& treuthes f+aston +dat her nou+ter sculde besuyken other; &    #
it ne
forstod naht. For +te king him sithen nam in Hamtun +turhc
wicci r+ad & dide him in prisun; & efsones he let him ut +turhc
w+arse red, to +dat forewarde +dat he suor on halidom & gysles  #
fand
+tat he alle his castles sculde iiuen up. Sume he iaf up, &     #
sume
ne iaf he noht; & dide +tanne w+arse +tanne he h+ar sculde. +Ta
<P 59>
was Engleland suythe todeled: sume helden mid te king, &
sume mid +temperice; for +ta +te king was in prisun, +ta wenden
+te eorles & te rice men +tat he neure mare sculde cumen ut,
& s+ahtleden wyd +temperice & brohten hire into Oxenford &
iauen hire +te burch. +Ta +te king was ute, +ta herde +dat      #
s+agen &
toc his feord & bes+at hire in +te tur. & Me l+at hire dun on   #
niht
of +te tur mid rapes, & stal ut & sc+a fleh & i+ade on fote to
Walingford. +T+arefter sc+a ferde ouer s+a. & Hi of Normandi
wenden alle fra +te king to +te eorl of Ang+au, sume here       #
+tankes
& sume here un+tankes; for he bes+at heom til hi aiauen up here
castles, & hi nan helpe ne h+afden of +te king. +Ta ferde       #
Eustace
+te kinges sune to France & nam +te kinges suster of France to
wife; wende to big+aton Normandi +t+ar+turh. Oc he spedde
litel, & be gode rihte, for he was an yuel man; for warese he
[{com he d{]ide mare yuel +tanne god: he reuede +te landes &
l+aide mic[{ele gelde{]s on. He brohte his wif to Engleland, &
dide hire in +te caste[{l on Can{]tebyri. God wimman sc+a w+as,
oc sc+a hedde litel blisse mid him. & Crist ne wolde +dat he    #
sculde
lange rixan; & w+ard ded, & his moder beien. & Te eorl of       #
Ang+au
w+ard ded, & his sune Henri toc to +te rice. & Te Cuen of       #
France
tod+alde fra +te king; & sc+a com to +te iunge eorl Henri, &    #
he toc
hire to wiue & al Peitou mid hire. +Ta ferde he mid micel f+ard
into Engleland, & wan castles. & Te king ferde agenes him mid
micel mare ferd. & +To+tw+athere fuhtten hi noht, oc ferden +te
+arcebiscop & te wise men betwyx heom & makede +dat sahte
+dat te king sculde ben lauerd & king wile he liuede & +after   #
his
d+ai ware Henri king: & he helde him for fader & he him for
sune; & sib & s+ahte sculde ben betwyx heom & on al Engleland.
+Tis & te othre foruuardes +tet hi makeden suoren to
halden +te king & +te eorl & te biscopes & te eorles & rice men
alle. +Ta was +te eorl underfangen +at Wincestre & +at Lundene
mid micel wurtscipe; & alle diden him manred & suoren
+te pais to halden & hit ward sone suythe god pais sua +dat
neure was here. +Ta was +te king strengere +tanne he +aue[{r{]
<P 60>
her was. & Te eorl ferde ouer s+a; & al folc him luuede, for he
dide god iustice & makede pais.

(\Millesimo liiii.\) On +tis g+ar w+ard +te king Stephne ded &  #
bebyried
+ter his wif & his sune w+aron bebyried +at Fauresfeld; +t+at
minstre hi makeden. +Ta +te king was ded, +ta was +te eorl
beionde s+a; & ne durste nan man don o+ter bute god for +te
micel eie of him. +Ta he to Engleland com, +ta was he           #
underfangen 
mid micel wurtscipe, & to king bletc+ad in Lundene on
+te Sunnend+ai beforen Midwintre D+ai, & held +t+are micel      #
curt.
+Tat ilce d+ai +tat Martin abbot of Burch sculde +tider faren,
+te s+aclede he, & ward ded (\iiii Nonarum Ianuarii\) . & Te    #
munekes
innen d+ais cusen o+ter of heoms+alf, Willelm de Walteuile is
gehaten, god clerc & god man & w+al luued of +te king & of alle
gode men; & on [{morg{]en byrieden +tabbot hehlice. & Sone +te
cosan abbot ferde, & te muneces m[{id him, to{] Oxenforde to
+te king; [{& he{] iaf him +tat abbotrice. & He ferde him       #
son[{e to
Linco{]l. & w+as +t+ar bletc+ad to abbot +ar he ham come; &     #
sithen
was underfangen mid micel wurtscipe at Burch mid micel
processiun; & sua he was alsua at Rames+aie, & at Torneie, & at
Cruland & Spallding, & at S. Albanes & F.... & Nu is abbot &
fair haued begunnon: Xpist him unne +t[{us{] enden! 



<B CMBRUT1>
<Q M1 NN HIST LAYBR>
<N LAY BRUT>
<A LAYAMON>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V VERSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^LAYAMON.
LAYAMON: BRUT, VOLS. I, II.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 250, 277.
ED. G. L. BROOK AND R. F. LESLIE.
LONDON, 1963, 1978.
SAMPLE 1:
I, PP. 74.1450 - 96.1874 (B.L. MS. COTTON CALIG. A.IX)
SAMPLE 2:
I, PP. 378.7311 - 402.7767
SAMPLE 3:
II, PP. 732.13971 - 756.14403^]

[^THE ANGULAR BRACKETS USED TO INDICATE LETTERS 
INTERLINED OR ADDED IN THE EDITION ARE RENDERED AS
ROUND BRACKETS.^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,74>
Bladud hafde enne sune. Leir wes ihaten.
Efter his fader daie; he heold +tis drihliche lond.
somed an his liue; sixti winter.
He makede ane riche burh; +turh radfulle his crafte.
& he heo lette nemnen; efter him-seoluan.
Kaer Leir hehte +te burh; leof heo wes +tan kinge.
+ta we an ure leod-quide; Leirchestre clepia+d.
+Geare a +tan holde dawen; heo wes swi+de a+del burh.
& seo+d+den +ter seh toward; swi+de muchel seorwe.
+tat heo wes al for-faren; +turh +tere leodene u+al.
Sixti winter hefde Leir; +tis lond al to welden.
+Te king hefde +treo dohtren; bi his drih-liche quen.
nefde he nenne sune; +ter-fore he war+d sari.
his manscipe to halden; buten +ta +treo dohtren.
+Ta +aldeste dohter haihte Gornoille; +ta o+der Ragau. +ta      #
+tridde Cordoille.
Heo wes +ta +gungeste suster. a wliten alre va[{i{]rest.
heo wes hire fader al swa leof; swa his a+gene lif.
<P I,76>
+Ta +aldede +te king; & wakede an a+delan.
& he hine bi-+tohte; wet he don mahte.
of his kineriche; +after his deie.
He seide to himsuluen. +tat +tat vuel wes;
Ic wlle mine riche to-don; allen minen dohtren;
& +geuen hem mine kine-+teode; & twemen mine bearnen.
Ac +arst ic wille fondien; whulchere beo mi beste freond.
and heo scal habbe +tat beste del; of mine drih-lichen          #
lon[{d{] .
+Tus +te king +tohte; & +ter-+after he worhte.
He clepede Gornoille; hes gu+dfulle dohter.
vt of hire bure; to hire fader deore;
& +teus spac +te alde king. +ter he on +a+delen seat.
Sei me Go(r)noille; so+dere worden.
swi+te dure +teo eart me; hu leof +am ich +te.
Hu mochel wor+g leste +tu me; to walden kineriche.
Gornoille was swi+de w+ar; swa beo+d wif-men wel ihw+ar.
& sei(de) ane (le)singe; heore f+adere +ton king.
Leofe f+ader dure; swa bide ich Godes are.
swa helpe me Apollin; for min i-l+afe is al on him.
+tat leuere +teo +art me +ane; +tane +tis world al clane.
& +get ic +te wlle speken wit; +teou +art leouere +tene mi lif.
& +tis ich sucge +te to seo+de; +tu mith me wel ileue.
Leir +te king ilefde his doster l+aisinge;
& +tas +answare +gef. +tat waes +te olde king.
Ich +te Gornoille seuge; leoue (dohter) dure.
god scal beon +ti meda; for +tira gretinge.
Ic eam for mire +alde; sw+te vnbalded.
& +tou me leuoste sw+te; mare +tan is on liue.
Ich wille mi dirhliche lond; a +troe al to-dalen.
+tin is +tat beste deal; +tu +art mi dohter (deore) .
& scalt habben to lauerd. min alre beste +tein.
+teo ich mai uinden; in mine kinne-londe.
+After spac +te olde kinge; wit his [{o+der{] dohter.
Leoue dohter Regau; waet seist tu me to r+aide;
Seie +tu bi-fore mire du+g[{+d{]en; heo dure ich am +te an      #
herten.
+Ta answ+arde mid r+atfulle worden;
Al +tat is on liue nis [{me{] swa dure.
<P I,78>
swa me is +tin an lime for+de min ah+gene lif.
Ah heo ne seide na+ting s[{o{]+d; no more +tenne hiire          #
suste[{r{] .
Alle hire lesinge; hire uader ilefe(de) .
+Ta answarede +te king; hiis do+gter him icwemde.
+Tea +tridde del of mine londe; ich bi-take +te an honde.
+tu scalt nime louerd; +ter +te is alre leowost.
+Ta +get nolde +te leod-king; his sothscipe bi-l+auen;
he hehte cumen him bi-foren. his dohter Gordoille.
Heo was alre +gungest; of so+de +g+ar-witelest.
& +te king heo louede more; +tanne ba tueie +te o+dre.
Cordoille iherde +ta lasinge. +te hire sustren seiden +ton      #
kinge;
nom hire leaf-fulne huie; +tat heo li+gen nolden.
hire fader heo wolde suge seo+d; were him lef were him la+d.
+Teo que+d +te alde king; vnra[{d{] him fulede.
Iheren ich wlle; of +te Cordoille.
sua +te helpe Appollin; hu deore +te beo lif min.
+Ta answarede Cordoille; lude & no-wiht stille.
mid gomene & mid lehtre; to hire fader leue.
+Teo art me leof al-so mi f+ader; & ich +te al-so +ti dohter.
Ich habbe to +te sohfaste loue; for we buo+d swi+te isibbe.
& swa ich ibide are; ich wille +te suge mare.
Al swa muchel +tu bist woruh; swa +tu velden +art.
& al swa muchel swa +tu hauest; men +te wllet luuien.
for sone heo bi+d ila+ge[{d{] ; +te mon +te lutel ah.
+Tus seide +te m+aiden Cordoille; & seo+d+den (set) sw+te       #
stille.
+Ta iwar+de +te king w+ar+d; for he nes +teo noht iquemed.
& wende on is +tonke; +tat hit weren for vn+deawe.
+tat he hire weore swa unwour+d; +tat heo hine nold iwur+di
swa hire twa sustren; +te ba somed l+asinge speken.
+Te king Leir iwer+de swa blac; swlch hit a blac clo+d weoren.
iw+ar+d his hude & his heowe; for he was su+te ih+armed.
mid +tere wr+a+d+de he wes isweued. +tat he feol iswowen.
Late +teo he up fusde; +tat m+aiden wes afeared.
+Ta hit alles up brac; hit wes vuel +tat he spac.
H+arne Cordoille; ich +te telle wlle mine wille.
Of mine dohtren +tu were me durest; nu +tu e+art me arle        #
l+a+des[{t{] .
Ne scalt +tu n+auer halden; dale of mine lande.
<P I,80>
ah mine dohtren ich wlle delen mine riche;
& +tu scalt wor+den warchen. & wonien in wansi+de;
for nauere ich ne wende. +tat +tu me woldes +tus scanden;
+Tar-fore +tu scalt beon d+ad ich wene; fli+g ut of min         #
e+ah-sene.
+Tine sustren scullen habben mi kine-lond; & +tis me is iqueme.
+Te Duc of Cornwaile; scal habbe Gornoille.
& +te Scottene king; Regau +tat scone.
& ic hem +geue al +ta winne; +te ich +am waldinge ouer.
& al +te alde king dude; swa he hafuede idemed.
Of[{te{] wes +ten m+aidene wa; & n+aure wors +tenne +ta.
[{w{]a hire wes on mode; for hire fader w+ar+te.
Heo uende into hire boure; +tar heo ofte s+atte sare.
for heo nolde li+gen; hire fadder leoue.
+Tat maide wes sw+den swomefest; for hire fader heo scunede.
& dude +tene beste red. in hire bure heo abed.
& +tolede +tene mod-kare; & mornede sw+te.
& +tus ane stonde hit stod +a +don ilka.
In France wes a king; riche & swi+de kene.
Aganippes wes ihaten; h+ale+den he wes +aldere.
He wes a +genge king. ah quene nauede he nane;
He sende hiis sande. into +tisse lande;
to Leir +tan king. & leofliche hine gret.
He b+ad hine don is iwille; +geuen him Cordoille.
& he heo wolde habben; h+a+ge to are quene.
& +after hire don +arest; +tat hire were alre leofust.
Feor haueden li+dende men; ispeken of +tan m+aidene.
fei+gernesse & freo-scipe; at-foren +tan Frensce kinge.
of hire mucla f+aira wlita; of hire muchela monschipe.
hu heo wes +tolemod; of f+aire hire +te+awen.
+tat nes on Leir kinges lond; nan wifman al swa hende.
& +te king Aganippus; igrette Leir kin +tus.
Leir kin hine bi+tohte; wat he don mohte.
he letten writen a writ; & wel hit lette dihten.
& sende hit bi his sonde; in Frauncene londe.
+Tus spec +tes kinges writ; hit wes widen icu+d.
+Te kinge of Bruttaine. +te Leir is haten.
grete+d Aganippus. +tene aldere of Fraunce.
Wor+dschepe haue +tu; +tire wel-deda.
& +tire feire sonde; +tat grete +tu me woldest.
<P I,82>
Ac ich do +te wel to witene; h+ar bi mine writ rith.
+tat mi drihliche lond atwa ich habbe ideled.
i+geuen hit mine twam dohtren +te me beoh swi+de deore.
Dohter ich habbe +ta +tridda; ac ne r+acche ich w+ar heo libbe.
for heo me for-huste; & heo hold me for h+ane;
& for mire halde. heo me un+ale[{de{] .
heo make[{de{] me swa swi+te wra+d. +te worse hire scal         #
i-wur+den;
of alle mine londe. ne of alle mine leode;
+te ich auere bi+geat. o+der bi-+gete m+aie;
ich +te sucge so+d-riht; na scal heo habbe nawiht.
Ac +gef +tu heo wult habben; for m+aide heo is hende.
ich heo wulle +te biwiten; & senden ha +te in ane scipe.
mid seoluen hire cla+den; of me naf+d heo na more.
+Gif +tu heo wult underfon; al +tis ilka ich wulle don.
Iseid ich habbe +tene grund; & +tu seolf wur+d al hisund.
+Tis writ com to Fraunce; to +tan freo kinge.
He hit lette raden; leof him weren +ta runen.
+Ta wende (+te) kinge; +tat hit were for vuele.
+tat Leir kin(ge) hire f+ader; heo him wolde atleden.
& he mochul a +ta wode(lo)ker; wilnede +teos m+aidenes.
& seide to is bornen; +tat wes +te bisie king.
Ich eam riche mon i-noh; +tat na mare ich ne rec[{c{]he.
ne scal neuere Leir king; +tat m+aiden me attlede
ac ich heo wulle habben; to h+a[{h{]+ge[{r{]e are quene.
Habben heore fader al is lond; al hiis seoluer and is gold.
Ne bidde ich nanne ma+dmes; me seolf ich habben ino+ge.
bute +tat m+aiden Cordoille. +tenne h+abbe ich mine wille;
Mid writ & mid worde. he sende eft to +tisse londe;
& bad Leir king him sende his dohter +te w+as hende.
& he wolde wel don; mid muchele wor+de-scipe heo u[{n{]der-fon.
+Ta nom +ta olde king; +a+dele his meiden.
mid seoluen hire cla+des; & lette heo fo[{r{]+de li+den.
ofer +ta stremes; hire fader hire wes sturne.
Aganippus +te Frennsce king; vnder-feng +tis meiden child.
al hiis folc hit wes iqueme; & makeden heo to quene.
& +tus heo +ter bi-lefde; leof heo wes +ton leoden.
& Leir king hire f+ader; luuede i +disse londe.
& hadde i+geuen is twain dohtren; al his drihliche leand.
<P I,84>
He +gef Gornoille; Scotlondes kinge.
he h+ahte Maglaunus; his m+ahte weren store.
Cornwailles duke; Regau is dohter.
+Ta i-lomp hit seo+d+de; sone +tar-+after.
+tat +te Scottene king; & +te duk; speken to-ga+dere.
mid heore stil rune; nome hem to reda.
+tat heo wolden al +tis lond; habben on heora hond.
& feden Leir +tane king; +te while +te he leouede.
d+aies & nihtes mid feowerti hired-cnihtes;
& heo him wolden finden. hauekes & hundes;
+tat he mihte riden; +geond alle +tanne +teoden.
& libben on lisse; +te while +te he leouede.
+Tus heo +ta ispeken; & eft hit to-breken.
& Leir king hit iherde; & eft him wes +te worsse.
& Leir gan li+de; to Scotten+a leoda.
mid Maglaune his a+dume; & mid +tere eldre dohtre.
Me vnder-fenge +tene king; mid mochele feirnusse.
& wel me him dihte; mid feowerti hire[{d{]-cnihtes.
mid horsen & mid hundes; mid al +tet him bi-heovede.
+Ta hi-lomp hit seo+d+den; seone +ter-after.
+te Gornoille bi-+tohte. whet heo don mihte;
Heore +tuhte swi+te eille. of +a+delene hire f+adere;
& heo hit bi-gan to mainen. to Maglaune hire louerde;
and seide him ibedde. +ter heo leiin iueore;
Seie me mi lauerd. monne +tu ert me leouest;
me +tunche+d +tat mi f+ader. nis nowhit felle.
no he wurh-scipe ne can; his wit he hauet bileued.
Me +tunche[{+d{] +te alde mon; wole dotie nou nan.
He [{h{]alt here fauwerti cnihtes; daies and nihtes.
he haueht her +tas +teines; and alle heore swaines.
hundes and hauekes; +ter-uore we habbet harmes.
and nowher heo ne spedet; and auere heo spenet.
& al +tat goud +tat we hem do+d; heo hit blu+deliche            #
vnder-fo+d.
and cunnen us vn[{+d{]onc; for ure wel-dede.
Heo do+d muchel bisem+are; ure men hi to-betet.
mi fader hauet to monie; of idele manne.
<P I,86>
Ale +ta feor+de dale; lete we for[{+d{] fuse.
inoh he hauet on +tirti; to +tirngen to borde.
Vs selve we habbet cokes; to quecchen to cuchene.
vs sulue we habbet bermen; & birles inowe.
Lete we sum +tis mochele folc; fare wher ha wulle+d.
swa ich +auere ibiden are; i+dolien nulle ich hit mare.
+Tis iherde Maglaunus; +tat is quene spilede +tus.
& he hire andswarede; mid a+delere spiche.
Leiuedi +tu haues mochel wouh; nauest +tu rich-dom inoh.
Ah hald +tine f+ader on lisse; ne luue+de he no-wiht longe.
For +gef ferrene kinges; hiherde +ta tidinde.
+te we swa takede him on; heo us wolden t+alen.
Ah late we hine welden; his folc on his willen.
and +tis min a+ge r+ad is; for sone her-+after he be+d dead.
& ac we habben in ure hond; al half is kine-lond.
+Ta seide Gornoille; Lauerd beo +teu stille.
let me al iwur+ten; & ich ham wulle atwailden.
Heo sende mid hire ginne; to +tare cnihtene inne
heo hahte hem faren here w+ai; for heo nolden hem no more       #
feden;
moni of +ten +teinen. monie of +ten swe[{i{]nen;
+te +tider weren icumene. mid Leir +tanne kinge;
+Tis iherde Leir king. +tar-fore he wes swu+te wrah;
+ta i+gedede +te king. mid +gemeliche worden;
and +tus seide +te kinge. sorhful on mode;
Wa wor+de +tan monne. +te lond haue+de mid menske;
and bi-tachet hit is childe. +te while +te he mai hit walden;
for ofte hit ilimp+d. +tat eft hit him of-+tinche+d;
Nu ich wulle hunne faren; for+d-rihte to Cornwalen.
+gernen ich wulle r+ades; to Regau mire dohter.
+te hauede Hemeri +te duc; & mi drihliche lond.
Fo(r)hd +te king wende; in-to +tan su+d ende.
to Regau is dochter; for r+ades him trukeden.
+Ta he to Cornwale com; he wes feire +ter vnder-fon.
swa al +tet halue +ger; mid al his hirede he wes +ter.
+Ta saide Regau to hire duc H[{e{]meri.
Lauerd herne +tu me; to fulle so+te ich sucge hit +te.
We habbet idon unwisdom. +tat we mine fader habbet              #
vnde[{r{]-fon;
<P I,88>
mid [{+t{]irtti cnihten hit nis me noht iqueme.
Do we awai +tane twenti; a tene beo+d inoh+ge
for al heo dringket and ete+d; & na god heo ne bi-+gete+d.
+Ta seide Hemeri +te duc; +te his alde fader bi-swake.
Swa ich e+auere beo on liue; ne scal he habben beote fiue.
for +te(r) he hauet h(i)rde hinoh; for he nauyt no do+d.
& +gef he wille henne faren; fuse we hine sone.
Al heo ispedden; ase heo (i)speken hafden.
binomen him is do+ge+de; and al his drihliche folc.
nolden heo him bi-leafuen; cnihtes beoten fiue;
+Tis iseh Leir +te king; wa wes him on liue.
His mod him gon mengen; he mor+gnede swi+de.
and +tas worde seide; mid seorhfulle laichen
Wela weolla. wella. hu +tu bi-swikest monine mon.
+Tenne he +te treowe+de alre best on; +tenne bi-swikes tu heom
Nis hit nowit +gare; noht fulle twa +gere.
+tat (ich) was a riche king; and held mine cnihtes.
Nu ich habben ibiden +tat ich bare sitte;
wunnen bir+aue[{d{] ; wa is me on liue.
Ich wes at Gornoille; mire god-fulle dohter.
wu[{ne{]den on hire leoden; mid +tritti cnihtes.
+te +get ich mihte libben; ah +tenne igonne li+den.
Ich wende swi+de wel to don; ac wurse ich habbe vnder-fon;
A+gen ich wulle to Scotte; to scone mire docter.
+gernen hira milcea; +tat heo me nele wurdea.
bidden heo me vnder-fon; mid mine fif cnihten.
+Ter ich wulle wunie; and +tolie +teos w+anen;
ane lutele stunde. for ne libbe ich no-wiht longe;
Leir +te king wende forh. to is dohter wunede nor+d;
Fulle +tre nihtes; heo h+arabarewude hine. and is cnihtes
heo swor a +tane fer+te d+ai; bi al heuenliche main.
+tat ne sculde he habben mare; bute enne kincte +tere.
and +gef he +tet nolde; ferde wuder he wolde.
Wel oft wes Leir wa and neuere wurs +tanne +ta.
+Ta seide +te alde king; +aruu e was on herten.
<P I,90>
Wallan d+a+d wela dea+d. +tat +tu me nelt for-demen;
Seo+d seide Cordoille. for cu+d hit is me nou+te.
mi +gengestte dohter; heo was me wel dure.
seo+d+den heo me wes lea[{+d{]est; for heo me seiden alre       #
sohust.
+tat me bi+d vnwor+d & lah. +te mon +te litul ah;
and ihc nas na wurdra. +tenne ich (nes) weldinde.
Ouer soh seiden +tat +gunge vifmon; hire folwe+d mochel wisdom.
+Ta wile +te ich h+auede mi kinelond; luueden me mine leoden.
for mine londe & for mine feo; mine eorles fulle to mine cneo;
Nu ich +am a wrecche mon. ne leouet me no mon for +tan;
Ah mi dohter me seide seoh for nou ich hire ileue i-noh.
& ba twa hire susteren; lasinge me seiden.
+tat ich ham wes swa leof; leuere +tenne hire a+ge lif.
& Cordoille mi dohter; doh+ge+te me seide.
+tat heo me leouede swa feire; swa monnes fader scolde.
Wet wold ich bidde mare; of mire dohter dure.
Nu ich wullen faren feor+d. & ouer s+a fusen.
ihiren of Cordoille. wat beon hire wille;
Hire seoh+de word ich nam to grame. +tar-fore ich habbe nu      #
muchele scame;
for nu ich mot bi-secchen; +tat +ting +tat ich +ar for-howede.
Nule heo me do na wurse; +tanne hire lond forwurnen.
Leir ferde to +tere s+a; mid ane alpie swein.
in-to ane schipe he bi-com; ne icnwo hine no mon
ouer sea icomen; hauene sone. anomen.
For+d wende +te king Leir; nauede he bute enne swein.
Hi axeden +ta quene; +tat heo comen hire a neweste.
tahten heom leode; wer wes +tes londes quene.
Leir king wende on anne feld; & reste hine on folden.
and is sw[{ei{]n he for+d sende; +te wes irad-mon hende.
to +tere quene Cordoille; and seide hire wel stille.
Hail wur+d +tu feire quene; Ich eam +tines fader sweine.
and +ti uader is hider (i)kimen for al is lond is him           #
bi-nomen.
Beo+d ba +tine sustren; touward him for-sworene
He cume+d for neode; in-to +tisse leode.
and help him nu for +tu miht; he is +ti fader alse hit is riht.
+Te quene Cordoille; se+at longe sw+te stille.
Heo iward reode on hire benche; swilche hit were of             #
wine-scenche.
and +te swain s+at at hire f+ait; sone +ter-after him wes +te   #
bet.
<P I,92>
+Ta alles vppe abr+ac; hit wes god +tet heo sp+ac.
Appollin mi lauer[{d{] . ich +tankie +te; +tat mi f+ader is     #
icumme to me.
Tidinge ic ihire leoue; +tat mi fader on liue is.
Of me he habben scal goudne re+ad; bute ich beo +te ra+der ded.
Seie me nu+te leo[{f{] swein. & harne mine lare
Ich +te wulle bi-tache a male riche
peni+ges +ter buo[{+d{] an sunda; to iwisse an hundrad punda
Ich bi-t+ache +te anne h+angest; godna & strongna.
to l+aden +tis garisume to leuene mine fadere;
and seie him +tat ich hine gret; godere gretinge.
& hatine fare swi+te; to hare feire bur+ge.
and rumen him herberia; i summe riche burie.
& bugge him alre errust; +tat him wes alre leouust
metes & drinches. & hende cla+des;
hundes & hauekes; & durewur+de horses.
hal[{d{]e in is heose. feuwerti hired-cnihtes.
he+ge and riche; bi-hongen mid r+aue.
makie him god baid. & ofte hine ba+die;
& him blod lete lutlen and ofte.
Wenne +tu wult more suluer; s+ache hit at me suluen.
& ich him wulle senden; inoh of +tisse ende.
swa neuer he ne cu+de; of his alde cu+d+de.
cnihte ne sweine; ne nauer nanne +teine.
+Tenne feowerti dawes beo+d agan. +tenne cu+de he anan;
to leue mine lauerd. +tat Leir is an is londe.
icume ouer s+a-streme; to isen is eastresse.
& ich hit wulle swa nimen; alse ich hine nusten.
li+den him to-+g+anes. mid mine lauerde.
fainen mines lauerdes & is f+airliche cume.
Nute hit neuere nane gume; buten he beo neowene icume.
& +tus hit writen sende; to mine lauerd kinge.
& +tu +tas +ahte on-fo; and loca +tat +tu wel do.
and +gef +tu heo +tus dalest; to godere +tire h+ale.
& +te swein on-feng +tas ahte; & to is louer[{d{] ferde.
to Leir +ton kinge. & seide +tas tidinge;
+ter he l+ai on felde; and reste hine on folde.
Sone wer+d +te alde king; wunliche i+a+deled.
& +tas wuord seide; mid so+dere stefuene.
After vuele cume+d god; wel is him +te hit habbe mot.
Heo ferden to hare +a+gene burh; ase +te quene h+ahte.
<P I,94>
& al heo iduden; efter hire lare.
+T[{a{] for+d wuren agan; feuwerti da+gene.
+ton nom Leir +te king; is leouste cnihtes.
& gret Aganippum; +tat was his leue a+dum.
& seide him bi his sond; +tet icume he wes to is londe.
to speken wit his dohter; +te wes him swu+de dure.
Aganippus wes bli+te; +tet Leir wes cumen li+den.
ferde him to-+genes; mid alle his +teines.
and +ta quene Cordoille; +ta hauede Leir is wille.
Heo comen to-gadere; & ofte heo custen.
heo uenden to bu(r)+ge; blisse wes an hirede.
+Ter wes bemene song. +tere [{+g{]eden pipen among.
al weren +te h+allen; bi-hongen mid pellen.
alle +ta mete-burdes; ibrusted mid golde;
[{Ringes of golde{] +alc mon hafte on honde.
mid fi+telen and mid harpen; h+ale+des +ter sungen.
Lette +te king gan awal; & lude clepien ouer-al.
and seide +tat Leir kin; icume wes to londen.
Nu hate+d Aganippus; +te is +te he+gest ouer us.
+tat +ge Leir king; alle wur+de li+de.
& scal beon eouwer lauerd; inne +tissere leoden.
al swa fele +gere; swa he wonien wulle here;
& Aganippus ure king; s[{c{]al beon is vnder-ling.
Wha-swa wulle libba; alde +tas sibba;
& +gef o man hit wille breken; on ueste it bi[{+d{] iwreken.
& wite he alle is mon; +tat he here haldet. on.
+Ta answareda +ta du+ge+ta; Don we hit wullet
lude and stille; al +tes kinges wille.
+Tur+d-out al +tat ulke +ger; heo duden al +tus +ter.
mid muchelere sibba; mid mochele+are seahte.
+Ta +teos +ger wes a-gon; +ta wold Leir king fare ham.
to +tisse londe li+den; and +ger(n)de +teos kinges leue.
+Te king Aganippus answerede him +tus;
Ne scalt +tu neuere +tider faren bute mochelere ferde.
ah ich +te wulle lanen; of mine leode-folc
fif hundred schipes. ifulled mid cnihten;
& al +tat heom bihoue+d; to habben on fore.
And +tine dohter Cordoille; +ta is +tisse londes quene.
heo scall mid mochelere ferde faren mid +te;
<P I,96>
an li+ten to +ten londen; +ter +tu were leode(ne) king.
and +gef +tu miht +aine finden +te +te wulle a+gen-stonde;
binimen +te +tine rihte & +tine kine-riche.
+tu ahliche ueht. & fel heo to grunde;
& irum al +tat lond. and sete hit Cordoille an hond;
+tat heo hit al habbe. efter +ti[{n{]e daie;
+Tas wordes seide Aganippus. & Leir king dude +tus;
and al he iworhte. swa his freond him tahte.
To +tisse lon[{d{]en he com li+den. mih leoue his dohter;
He higre+de[{d{]e mid +tane beste; +te him buwen wolden.
& alle he ham fulde; +te him wit feohten.
and he al +tis kine-lond; biwon to his a+gere hande.
& +gef hit Cordoille; +te wes Francene quene.
and hit ane stunde; stod a +tissene ilke.
Leir king one leoden; +treo +ger leouede.
+t+a com his ende-d+ai; +tat +te king ded l+ai.
Inne Leirchestre; his dohter hine leide.
inne Ianies temple; al swa +te b[{o{]c tellet.
and Cordoille heold +tis lond; mid h+a+gere stren+de.
fulle fif +gere; quene wes here.
+ta while Francene king; f+aisi+de makede.
and Cordoille com +tat wourd; +tat heo was iwor+den widewe.
+Ta come +ta tidende; to Scottlondes kinge.
+tat Aganippus was dead; Leir king id+aied.
He sende +turh Brittaine; into Cornwaille.
& hehte +tane duc stronge; heri+gen in su+d londe.
and he wolde bi nor+den. iahnien +ta londa.
For hit was swu+te mouchel scome; & ec swi+te muchel grame.
+tat scholde a quene; beon king in +tisse londe.
& heora sunen beon buten; +ta weren hire beteren.
of +tan aldre sustren; +ta +ta +a+delen sulden habben.
Nulle we hit na-more i+tolien; al +tat lond we wulle+d habben.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P I,378>
Vortimer +te +gunge king; wes swi+de kene +turh alle +ting.
he sende Hengest word; & Horse his bro+der.
buten heo hi+genliche; uerden of +tis riche.
he heom walde ufel don; ba+de ablenden and anhon.
<P I,380>
& his a+gene fader; he for-uaren walde.
& alle +ta h+a+dene; mid h+a+gere streng+de.
+Ta andsw+arede Hengest; cnihtene alre hendest.
Her we wulle+d wunien; wintres & sumeres.
riden & +arnen; mid +tan kinge Vortigerne.
& alle +ta mid Vortimere uare+d; heo sculle+d habben sor+gen &  #
kare.
+Tat iherde Vortimer; he wes wis & swi+de iwar.
& lette beoden uerde; +geond allen +tissen +arde.
+tat al +tat Cristine folc; come to hirede.
Vortimer +te +gunge king; i Lundene heold his hus-ting.
+te king hehte +alcne mon; +te luuede +tene Cristindom.
+tat heo +ta h+a+dene; hatien scolden.
& +ta h+afden bringen; to Vortimer +tan kinge.
& twalf panewes habben to mede; for his wel-dede.
Vortimer +te +gunge; verde ut of Lundene.
& Pascent his bro+der; & Katiger +te o+der.
heom wes icumen word; +tat Hengest l+ai at Epiford.
uppen +tan watere; +te men nemne+d Darewente.
+Ter comen to-somne; sixti +tusend monnen.
an are halue wes Uortimer; Pascent & Categer.
& al +tat leod-liche folc; +tat luueden ure Drihten.
an o+dere halue weoren; drenches; mid Vortigerne +tan kinge.
Hengest and his bro+der; & moni +tusend o+der.
To-somne heo comen; & mid m+aine on-slo+gen.
+ter uellen to +tan grunde; twa & +tritti hundred.
of H+angestes monnen; & Hors wes for-wonded.
Catiger +ter com; & mid his spere hine +turh-nom.
& Hors for+d-riht +ter; for-wundede Catiger.
& Hengest gon to flonnen; mid al his driht-monnen.
& Vortigerne +te king; fl+ah for+d alse +te wind.
heo flo+gen for+d in-to Kent; & Vortimer heom after went.
uppen +tere s+a-brimme; +ter Hengest +tolede pine.
+ter heo gunnen at-stonden; & fuhten swi+de longe.
Fif +tusende +ter weoren isl+a+gen; & idon of lif-d+a+gen.
of Vortigernes monnen; of +tan h+a+dene cunnen.
Hengest hine bi+dohte; wh+at he don mahte.
iseh he +ter bi-halues; ane h+auene swi+de m+are.
moni scipen gode; +ter stoden i s+a-flode.
Heo ise+gen an heore riht hond; a swi+de f+aier +ait-lond.
hit is ihaten T+anate; +tiderward heo weoren wh+ate.
<P I,382>
+ter +ta S+axisce men; +t+a s+a isohten.
& anan gunnen wenden; in-to +tan +ait-londe.
& Bruttes heom after; mid feole cunne craften.
& heom to-heolden; in +achere h+alue.
mid scipen & mid baten; heo gunnen smiten & sceoten.
Ofte wes H+angest w+a; & nauere wurs +tene +ta.
buten he dude o+derne r+ad; +ter he sculden wur+den d+ad.
He nom +anne spere-sc+aft; +te wes long & swi+de st+arc.
& dude a +tene +ande; +anne mantel hende.
& cleopede to +tan Brutten; & bed heom abiden.
he wold sp+acken heom wi+d; & +girnen +teos kinges gri+d.
& mid gri+de sende. Uortigerne to londe.
to makien his forward; +tat he faren moste.
wi+d-uten mare sconde; in-to S+ax-londe.
Bruttes wende to londe; to Vortimere heore kinge.
and Hengest sp+ac wi+d Vortigerne; of rune swi+de derne.
Vortigerne wende a +tat lond; & ber anne +gerd an his hond.
+Ta while +ta heo of gri+de speken; Saxes i scipe leopen.
& dro+gen up to coppe; h+a+ge heore seiles.
& wenden mid wedere; i +tere s+a wilde.
& letten i +tissen londe; wiues & heore children.
& Vortigerne king; +te heom luuede +turh alle +ting.
Mid muchele mod-k+are; Hengest gon a-w+ai uaren.
swa longe heo ferden; +tat inne Saxlonde heo weoren.
+Ta weoren inn Bruttene; Bruttes swi+de balde.
heo dro+gen on heom muchel mod; & duden al +tat heom +tuhte     #
god.
& Vortimer +te +gunge; wes duhti mon +turh alle +ting.
& Vortigerne his fader; ferde +geond +tas Bruttene.
ah nes hit nan swa wac mon; +tat him ne hokerede on.
& swa he gon wondrien; fulle fif wintren.
& his sune Vortimer; riche king wuneden her.
& al +tis leodisce folc; luueden hine swi+de.
he wes milde +alche cnafe; & tahte +tan folke Godes l+a+ge.
+tan +gungen & +tan +alden; hu heo Cristindom sculden halden.
Writen he sende to Rome; to +tan Pape wel idone.
+te wes ihaten Sceint Rom+ain; al Cristindom he make[{de{]      #
fain.
Biscopes he nom tw+ain; hali men heo weoren b+aien.
Germain & Leois; of Ceore & of Tr+ais.
heo uerden ut of Rome; swa +tat heo hider comen.
+Ta wes swa bli+de Vortime(r) ; swa he nes n+auere +ar her.
<P I,384>
he & alle his cnihtes; iwenden uo[{r{]+d-rihtes.
an here bare uoten; to-+geines +tan biscopen.
& mid michelere murh+de; mu+des +ter custen.
Nu +tu miht iheren; of +tan kinge Vortimere.
heu he spac wi+d Seint Germain; for heore kume he wes f+ain.
Luste+d me lauerd-dinges; ich +am +tissere leodene king.
ich hatte Vortimer; mi bro+der hatte Catimer.
Vortigerne hehte ure fader; him uulie+d unr+ades.
He haf+d ibroh[{t{] i +tis lond; h+a+dene leoden.
ah we heom habbeo+d iflemed; al swa ure uulle iuan;
& mid wepnen i-felled; of heom ueole +tusen.
& isend heom ouer s+a-stra[{m{] ; +tat heo nauere sel ne cumen  #
a+gan.
& we scullen an londe; luui+an ure Drihten.
Godes folc ur(o)frien; & freond-liche hit halden.
wur+den mils li+de; wi+d +ta lond-tilien.
churichen we scullen h+ah+gen; & h+a+dene-scipe hatien.
Habbe alc god mon; his rihte +gif Godd hit an.
& +alc +trel & +alc w+alh; wur+de iuroeid.
& here ich bi-teche eou an hond; al freo +alc chiric-lond.
& ich for-+giue +alchere widewe; hire lauerdes quide.
& +tus we scullen an ure da+gen; ani+deri Hengestes la+gen.
& hine & his h+a+dene-scipe; +t+a he hider brohte.
& minne fader biswak; +turh swike his cra[{f{]tes.
+turh his dohter Rouwenne; mine uader he uor-radde.
& mi uader swa uuele agon; scunede +tene Cristindom.
& +ta h+a+dene la+gen; luuede to swi+de.
+ta we sculle+d sceonien; +ta while +ta we luuien.
+Ta answare[{de{] Seint Germain; for swulche worden he wes      #
fain.
Ich +tonkie mine Drihte; +te scop +tes da+ges lihte.
+tet he swulche mildce; sent to moncunne.
+Tas biscopes ferden +geond +tis lond; & setten hit al a Godes  #
hond.
& +tene Cristindom heo rihten; & +tat volc +ter-to dihten.
& seo+d+den +ter-+after sone; heo iwenden to Rome.
& s+aiden +tan Papen; +te Roumain wes ihaten.
hu he hafden her idon; iriht +tene Cristindom.
& +tus hit ane stunde; stod a +tan ilken.
Vo we +get a Uortigerne; alre kinge si he +armest.
he louede Rouwen; of +tan h+a+denne cunne.
<P I,386>
Hengestes dohter; heo +tuhten him wel softe.
Rouwenne heo bi-+tohte; wh+at heo don mahte.
hu heo mahte hire fader wreken; & hire freondene dea+d.
Ofte heo sende sonde to Uortimere +ton kinge.
heo him sende ma+dmes; moniare cunne.
of seoluer & of golde; +te beste of +aie londe.
heo +girnede his +are; +tat heo moste wonien here
mid Uortigerne his fader; & foluen his r+ades.
+Te king uor his fader bone; +gette hire hir bone.
buten +tat heo sculde wel don; luuien +tene Cristindom;
al +tat +te king +girnede; al heo hit +gette.
Ah wale +tat Uortimer; of hire +tonke n+as w+ar.
Wale +tat +te gode king; of hire +tonke nuste na-+ting.
+tat he nuste +tene swikedom; +te +tohte +ta lu+dere wimman;
Hit ilomp an are tide; heo nom hire to r+ade;
[{to don bi his r+ade{] alle hire neode.
and to wlche time heo mihte wel don; vnderuongen +tene          #
Cristindom.
For+d heo gon riden; to Uortimer +tan kinge.
+ta heo hine imette; u+aire heo hine igrette.
Hal wr+d +tu lauerd king; Bruttene deorling.
Ich +am +te icomen to; Cristindom ich wulle auon.
an +tan ilke d+aie; +te +tu seolf demest.
+Ta w+as Uortimer +te king; bli+te +turh alle +ting.
he wende +tat hit weore so+d; +tat +teo sca+de s+aide.
Bemen +ter bleowen; blisse wes on hirede.
for+d mon brohte +tat water; bi-foren +tan kinge.
heo seten to borde; mid muchelure blisse.
+Ta +te king hafde i+aten; +ta eoden +teines-men to mete.
in halle heo drunken; harpen +ter dremden.
+Ta swicfulle Rouuenne; eode to are tunne.
+ter wes idon in; +tes kinges deoreste win.
nom heo an honde; ane bolle of r+ade golde.
& heo gon scenchen; on +tas kinges benche.
+Ta heo is+ah hire time; heo fulde hir scale of wine.
& at-foren al +tan dringe; heo eode to +tan kinge.
& +tus hailede him on; +te swic-fulle wimman.
Lauerd king w+as hail; Uor +te ich am swi+de u+ain.
Hercne nu muchel swikedom; of +tere lu+dere wimmon.
<P I,388>
hu heo gon swiken +ter; +tene king Uortimer.
+Te king heo u+aire under-u+ang; to his f+aie-si+de.
Fortimer sp+ac Bruttisc; & Rouuenne Saxisc.
+tan king +tuhte gomen inoh; for hire sp+ache he loh.
H+arcne hu heo toc on; +t[{i{]s swicfulle wimman.
In hire bosme heo bar; bi-neo+den hire titten.
ane guldene ampulle; of attere i-fulled.
& +ta lu+dere Rouuenne; dronc +tene bolle.
+tat heo hafde half don; after +tes kinges dom.
+Ta while +te +ta king loh; +ta ampulle heo ut droh.
+tene bolle heo sette to hire chin; +tat atter heo halde in     #
+tat win.
& seo+den heo +ta cuppe; bitahte +tan kinge.
+Te king dronc al +tat win; & +tat atter +ter-in.
+Te d+ai for+d eode; blisse wes on hirede.
for Uortimer +te gode king; of +tan swikedom nuste na-+ting.
for he isah Rouuenne; halden +tene bolle;
& drinken half +tat ilke win; +tat heo heuede idon +ter-in.
+Ta hit com to +tare nihte; +ta to-d+alleden hired-cnihtes.
& +ta ufele Rouwenne; wende to hire inne.
& alle hire cnihtes; mid hire uor+d-rihtes.
+Ta heihte heo hire sweines; & ec +taie +teines.
+tat heo an hi+ginge; heore hors sculden sadelien.
& heo swi+de stille; stelen ut of buruwe.
& wenden al bi nihte; to +Twoncchestre uor+d-rihte.
& +ter swi+de vaste; bi-clusen heom in ane castle.
& lu+gen Uortigerne; +tat his sune hine wolde biliggen.
& Vortigerne +te swikele king; il+afde +tare l+asing.
Nu vnder-+gat Uortimer his sune; +tat he hefde atter inomen.
ne mihte na lechecraft; helpen him n+a wiht.
He nom feole sonden; & sende +geond his londe.
& hehte alle his cnihtes; to him comen for+d-rihtes.
+Ta +tat folc was icumen; +ta wes +te king swi+de untrumed.
+ta +girnde +te king heore gri+d; & +tus he spac hem alle wi+d.
Alre cnihten wr+d eow best; +te heren +aie kinge.
+ter nis nan o+der red; buten hi+gend-liche ich beo d+ad.
hir ich bit+ache eow mi lond; al mi seoluer & al mi gold.
& alle mine ma+dmes; eowre monscipe is +ta mare.
& +ge for+d-rihtes senden after cnihtes;
& +geuen heom soluer & gold; & h+alde+d +ge seolf eowre lond.
<P I,390>
& wreke+d eow +gif +ge cunnen; of Sexisce monnen.
uor weonne so ich beo uor+d-faren; Hengest eow wul makien kare.
& nime+d mine likam+a; & legge+d an ch+asten.
& lede+d me to +tare s+a-stronde; +ter Saxisce men wulle+d      #
cumen a lond.
Anan swa heo me +ter witen; aw+ai heo wulle+d wenden.
nou+der quic ne dead ne durren heo me abiden.
I-mong +tissen dome; d+a[{d{] i-war+d +te gode king.
+ter wes wop +ter wes rop; & reuliche iberen.
Heo nomen +tes kinges licame; & ladden to Lundene.
& bisides B+al+ges-+gate f+aire hine bi-bur+geden.
& nawiht hine ne ladden; alse +te king heihte.
+Tus liuede Uortimer; & +tus he endede +tar.
+Ta iueolen Bruttes; a balu-fulle r+ade.
heo nomen Uortigerne anan; & bi-tahten heom +tesne kenedom.
welle reoulich wes +ter a +ting; nu was Vortigerne +aft king.
Uortigerne nom his sonde; & sende to Sexlonde.
& grette wel Hengest; cnihten alre v+airest.
& bad hine [{an{] hi+ginge; comen to +tisse londe.
& mid him brouhte here; an hundred rid+aren.
For +tat wite +tu +turu alle +ting; +tat dead is Vortimer +te   #
king.
& siker +tu miht hider comen; for d+ad is Fortimer mi sune.
Nis +te non neod to bringen; mid +te muchel genge.
leste ure Bruttes; +aft beon abol+gen.
+tat eow +aft seorwen; si+gen bitweonen.
Hengest somnede u+arde; of feole cunne +arde.
+tat he hefde to iwiten; seouen hundred scipen.
& +alc scip he dihte; mid +treo hundred cniten.
i +tere Temese at Lundene; Hengest com to londe.
+Tat word com ful sone to Uortigerne +tan kinge.
+tat Hengest was in hauene; mid seouen hundred scipene.
Ofte was Uortigerne wa; neuer wrse +tan +t+a.
& Bruttes weoren sari; & seorhful an heorte.
nusten heo an world-riche; r+ad +tat heom weore ilike.
Hengest was of ufele war; +tat he wel cudde +t+ar.
he nom sone his sonde; & sende to +tan kinge.
& grette Uortigerne king; mid swi+de u+aire worden.
& seide +tat he was icumen; swa fader sculde to his sune.
mid sibbe & mid saihte; he wolde on sele wunien.
gri+d he wolde luuien; un-riht he wolde scunien.
<P I,392>
gri+d he wolde habben; gri+d he wolde holden.
& al +tis leodisce folc; luuien he wolde.
& Uortigerne +tene king; luuien +turh alle +ting.
Ah he hefde ibroht i +tis lond; ut of Sexleoden.
seouen hundred scipene; of h+a+dene folke.
+tat beo+d +te alre wihteste men. +tat wunie+d under sunnen.
& ich wulle qua+d Hengest; leden heo to +tan kinge.
to an i-sette d+aie; at-foren al his du+ge+de.
& +te king scal arisen; and of +tan cnihten cheosen.
twa hundred cnihten; to leden to his fihten.
+te sculen biwiten +tene king; durewur+dliche +turh alle +ting.
& seo+d+den scullen +ta o+dere; uaren to heore +arde.
mid sibbe & mid s+ale; a+gen to S+ax-londe.
& ich wulle bi-l+auen; mid monnen alre selest.
+tat is Uortigerne +te king; +te ich luuie +turh alle +ting.
+Tat word com to Brutten; hu Hengest bih+ahte heom.
+ta weoren heo u+aine; uor u+airen his worden.
& setten gri+d & setten fri+d; to whulchen ane uirste.
+te king an ane d+aie; wolde iseon +tas du+ge+de.
+Tat iherde Hengest; cnihten alre u+airest.
+Ta wes he swa bli+de; swa he nes neuer +ar an liue.
for he +tohte swike; +tene king an his riche.
Her iwra+d Hengest; cnihte uor-cu+dest.
swa bi+d +auer+alc mon; +te bi-swike+d +te him wel on.
Wha wolde wenen; a +tissere weorld-riche.
+tat Hengest swiken +tohte; +tene king +tat h+afde his dohter.
for nis nauer nan mon; +tat me ne mai mid swike-dome ouer-gan.
Heo nomen +anne isetne d+ai; +tat scolden +tas du+ge+den.
cumen heom to-somne; mid s+ahte & mid sibbe.
an ane u+alde +te w+as muri; an-uast Ambresburi.
+Te stude wes +Alenge; nu hatte hit Stan-henge.
+Ter Hengest +te swike; +ai+der bi worde & bi write.
cu+dde +tan kinge; +tat he cumen wolde.
mid his mon-uerde; to wur+d-scipe +tes kinges.
ah he nalde bringen on drihte; buten +treo hundred cnihten.
+ta alre wiseste men; +te he mihte uinden.
& +te king brohte al swa ueole; baldere +teinen.
and +teo weoren +ta alre witereste; +te wuneden on Bruttene.
mid goden heore iweden; al buten wepnen.
+tat heom no to-wur+den; +turh +trist of +tan wepnen.
+Tus heo hit speken; & +aft heo hit to-breken.
<P I,394>
for H+angest +te leod-swike; +tus he his gon learen.
+tat +alc nome a long sax; & l+aiden bi his sconke.
wi+d-inne his hose; +ter h[{e{] hit [{mihte{] h+ale.
+Tenne heo comen to-somne; S+axes & Bruttes.
+tenne que+d Hengest; cnihten alre swikelest.
Hail seo +tu lauerd king; +alc +te is +tin vnder-ling.
+Gif +auere +ai of +tine gume; g+are haue+d bisiden.
send hit mid freond-scipe; feor from us seoluen.
& beon we on sele; and motegen of sahte.
nu we ma+gen mid sibben; ure lif libben.
+Tus +te balde-fulle mon; bi-spac +ter +ta Bruttes.
+Ta andswarede Uortiger; her he wes to vn-war.
+Gif here is +ai cniht swa wod; +tat wepnen habbe bi siden.
he scal leosen +ta hond; +turh his a+gene brand.
buten he hit sone; heonene isende.
Heore wepnen heo aw+ai senden; +ta nefden heo noht an honden.
cnihtes eoden upward; cnihtes eoden adonward.
+alc spac wi+d o+der; swulc he weore his bro+der.
+Ta weoren Bruttes; im+anged wi+d +tan Saxes.
+Ta cleopede Hengest; cnihtene swikel+ast.
Nime+d eoure sexes; sele mine bernes.
& ohtliche eou sturie+d; & n+anne ne sparie+d.
Bruttes +ter weoren riche; ah ne cu+de heo noht +ta speche.
wh+at +ta Saxisce men; seiden heom bi-tweonen.
Heo breoden ut +ta s+axes; alle bihalues.
heo smiten an riht half; heo smiten an lift half.
biuoren & bihinden; heo leiden heom to grunde.
alle heo slo+gen; +tat heo neh comen.
of +tes kinges monnen; [{sone{] +ter feollen
feouwer hundred. & fife. wa wes +tan kinge on liue;
+Ta Hengest hine igrap; mid grimmen his gripen.
& bi +tan mantle hine ibr+aid; +tat breken +ta strenges.
& S+axes him sette to; & wolden +tene king fordon.
& Hengest hine gon werien; & nalde hit noht i+teuen.
ah he heold hine ful faste; +te while +tat feht i-laste.
+Ter wes moni riche Brut; bir+afued +tan liue.
Summe heo flu+gen swi+de; ofer +tene feld brade.
& wereden heom mid stanen; for wepnen n+afden heo nane.
+Ter wes swi+de hard fiht; +ter feol moni god cniht.
+Ter wes of Salesburi; an oht bonde icumen.
<P I,396>
+anne muchelne m+ain clubbe; he bar an his rugge.
+Ta wes +ter an a+dele eorl; Aldulf ihaten.
cniht mid +tan bezste; he +ahte Gloch+astre
he to +tan cheorle leop; swulc hit a liun weoren.
& binom him +te clubbe; +ta he bar an rugge.
+auere wulcne swa he s[{m{]at; +ter for+d-rihtes he iwat.
bi-foren & bi-hinden; he laide heom to grunde.
+Treo & fifti he +ter sloh; & seo+d+de to ane ste[{de{] droh.
he leop uppen stede; & swi+de gon him riden.
he +arde to Gloch+astre; & +te +gates l+ac ful feste.
& anan for+d-rihtes; lette +armi his cnihtes.
+geond alle +tan londe. & nomen +tat heo funden.
heo nomen orf heo nomen corn; & al +tat heo quic funden.
& brohten to burh+ge; vnnimete blisse.
+ta +g+aten heo tunden uaste; & wel heom biwusten.
Lete we hit +tus stonden; & speken of +tan kinge.
Sexes him leoppe to; & wolde +tene king (for)-do.
Hengest cleopede uor+d-rihtes; Aswike+d mine cnihtes.
ne sculle +ge hine noht for-faren; for us he haue+d ihaued      #
mucle care.
& he haue+d to quene; mine dohter +ta is scone.
ah alle his burh+ges; he scal us bit+achen.
+gif he wule his lif broken; o+der +alles him is balu +giue+de.
+Ta wes Uortigerne; v+aste ibunden.
giues swi+de grete; heo duden an his foten.
ne moste he nauere biten mete; ne wi+d nenne freond speken.
+ar he heom h+afden isworen; uppen halidom +tat wes i-coren.
+tat he al +tis kine-lond; wolde bit+achen heom an heond.
burh+ges & castles; & al his co[{m{]elan.
& al swa he idode; ase hit idemed was.
& Hengest nom an his hond; al +tis riche kine-lond.
& delde his leoden; muchel of +tisse londe.
he +g+af +ane eorle al Kent; ase hit bi Lundene went.
he +g+af his stiwarde +Ast-sex;
& his bur+deine; Middel-sax bitahte.
+Ta cnihtes hit at-fengen; and ane while heo heolden.
+ta while Uortigerne; +geond +tis lond ferde.
& bitahte Hengest; h+a+gen his burh+ges.
& Hengest for+d-rihtes; dude +ter-in his cnihtes.
+ta while muchel smal folc; l+ai inne Su+d-s+axe.
& inne Middel-s+axe; muchel of +tan kunne.
<P I,398>
& inne +Ast-saxe; heore a+deleste +gu+ge+de.
Mete heo ferden; al +tat heo funden.
heo for-l+ai+gen +ta wif; & Godes la+gen breken.
heo duden i +tan londe; al +tat heo wolden.
+Tat ise+gen Bruttes; +tat balu wes on londe.
& hu S+axisce men; isi+gen weoren to heom.
Brut(tes) scupten +tan londe nome; for S+axisce monnen scome.
& for +tan swike-dome; +tat heo idon h+afden.
for +tan +te heo mid cnifen; bir+aueden heom at liue.
+ta cleopeden heo +tat lond al; +Ast-s+ax & West-s+ax.
& +tat +tridde; Middel-s+ax.
Vortigerne +te king; bi-tahte heom al +tis lond.
+tat ne bil+afde him an honde; a turf of londe.
& him-seolf Vortigerne; fl+ah ouer S+au+arne.
feor in-to Wellisce londe; & +ter he gon at-stonde.
& his hired mid him; +te h+ane wes iwur+den.
& he h+afde an horde; gersume swi[{+d{]e stronge.
he lette his men riden; widen & siden.
and lette him to bonnen; of +alches cunnes monnen.
+te +auere wolden his feoh; mid freond-scipe +girnen.
+Tat iherden Bruttes; +tat iherden Scottes.
to him heo comen; +ter-after ful sone.
an +alchere side; +tider heo gunnen riden.
monies h+a+ges monnes sune; for golde & for g+arsume.
+Ta h+afde he to-somne; sixti +tusend monnen.
+ta sumnede he +ta richen; +ta wel cu+den r+aden.
Gode men r+a[{d{]e[{+d{] me r+ad; uor me is swi+de muchel neod.
whar ich mihte on wilderne; wurchen +anne castel.
+ter ic mihte an inne; l[{i{]bbe mid mine monnen.
& halden hine wi+d Hengest; mid h+a+gere streng+de.
a +tat ich mihte b+at; burh+gen iwinnen.
wr+aken me a mine feonden; +ta mine wines feolden.
& habbe+d al mi kine-lond; awr+aht ut of mire hond.
& +tus me ifl+amed; mine fulle ifan.
+Ta andswerede a wis mon; +te wel cu+de r+aden.
Lust me nu lauerd king; ich +te cu+de god +ting.
uppen +tan munte of Reir; ich wullen r+aden.
+tat +tu caste[{l{] wurche; mid stronge stan walle.
for +ter +tu miht wunien; & libben mid winne.
<P I,400>
& +get +tu hauest a +tire hond; muchel seoluer & gold.
to halden +tine hired; +ta +te helpen scal.
& swa +tu miht on liue; libben alr+a s+alest;
+Ta andswere[{de{] +te king; Let hit cu+den an hi+ging.
+geond muchele mire ferde; +t+at ich faren wulle.
to +tan munte of Reir; & r+aren +ter castel.
For+d ferde +te king; & +ta ferde mid him.
+Ta heo +tider comen; dic heo bigunnen sone.
Hornes +ter bleouwen; machunnes heowen.
lim heo gunnen b+arnen; +geond +tat lond +arnen.
& al W+ast Walsce lond; setten a Uortigernes hond.
al heo hit nomen; +tat heo neh comen.
+Ta +te dic wes idoluen; & allunge ideoped.
+ta bi-gunnen heo wal; a +tere dic ouer-al.
& heo lim & stan; leiden to-somne.
of machunes +ter wes wunder; fif and twenti hundred.
A d+ai heo leiden +tene wal; a niht he feol ouer-al.
a marwe heo hine ar+adden; a niht he gon to-reosen.
Fulle seouen nihte; swa heom dihte.
+alche d+ai heo hine aredden; & +alche niht he gon reosen.
+Ta wes sari +te king; & sorhful +turh alle +ting.
swa wes al +ta uerde ladliche of-f+ared.
for +auere heo lokede; wh+anne Hengest come an-uuenan.
+Te king wes ful s+ari; & sende after witien.
+after world-wise monne; +ta wisdom cu+den.
& bad heom leoten weorpen; & fondien leod-runen.
fondien +tat so+de; mid heore si+ge-craften.
wh+ar-on hit weore ilong; +tat +te wal +te wes swa strong.
ne moste niht-longes; nauere istonden.
+Tas weorlde-wise men; +ter a twa wenden.
summe heo wenden to +tan wude; summe to weien-l+aten.
heo gunnen loten weorpen; mid heore leod-runen.
fulle +treo nihten; heore craftes heo dihten.
Ne mihten heo nauere finden; +turh nauere nane +tinge.
wh+ar-on hit weore ilong; +tat +te wal +tat wes swa strong.
+auere-+alche nihte to-ras; & +te king his swinc l+as.
Buten witie +ter wes an; he wes ihaten Ioram.
he seide +tat he hit afunde; ah hit +tuhte l+asinge.
he seide +gif mon funde; in auer +ai londe.
<P I,402> 
+auer +ai cniht b+arn; +te n+auere f+ader no ib+ad.
& openede his breoste; & nomen of his blode.
& mengde wi+d +tan l(i)me; & +t+ane wal l+aide.
+tenne mihte he stonde; to +tere worlde longe.
+Tat word com to +tan kinge; of +tere l+asinge.
& he hit i-lefde; +tah hit l+as weore.
Sone he nom his sonde; & sende +geond +tan londe.
swa feor swa he for d+a+des kare; dursten +aies weies faren.
& in +alche tune; hercneden +ta runen.
wh+ar heo mihten ifinden. speken of swulche childe;
+Tas cnihtes for+d ferden; widen +geond +tan +arde.
tweien uerden +anne w+ai; +te west-riht him l+ai.
+te l+ai for+d-rihtes in; +ter nu is Kaer-mer+din.
Bisides +tere burh; in ane weie brade.
hefden +anne muchelne pl+a+ge; alle +ta burh-cnauen.
+Tas cnihtes weoren weri; & an heorte swi+de s+ari.
& seten adun bi +tan pla+ge; & bi-heolden +tas cnauen.
Vmben ane stunde; heo bigunnen striuinge.
al-se hit wes auer la+ge; imong childrene pl+a+ge.
+te an +te o[{+d{]erne smat; & he +teos dun[{t{]es abad.  

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P II,732>
+Ta com +ter in are tiden; an oht mon riden.
and brohte tidinge; Ar+dure +tan kinge.
from Moddrede his suster sune; Ar+dure he we(s) wilcume.
for he wende +tat he brohte; boden swi+de gode.
Ar+dur lai alle longe niht; and spac wi+d +tene +geonge cniht.
swa nauer nulde he him sugge; so+d hu hit ferde.
+Ta hit wes d+ai a mar+gen; and du+ge+de gon sturien.
<P II,734>
Ar+dur +ta up aras; and strehte his +armes.
he aras up and adun sat; swulc he weore swi+de seoc.
+Ta axede hine an u+air cniht; Lauerd hu hauest +tu iuaren      #
to-niht.
Ar+dur +ta andswarede; a mode him wes une+de.
To-niht a mine slepe; +ter ich l+ai on bure.
me im+atte a sweuen; +ter-uore ich ful sa(ri) +am.
Me imette +tat mon me hof; uppen are halle.
+ta halle ich gon bi-striden; swulc ich wolde riden.
alle +ta lond +ta ich ah; alle ich +ter ouer sah.
and Walwain sat biuoren me; mi sweord he bar an honde.
+ta com Moddred faren +tere; mid unimete uolke.
he bar an his honde; ane wiax stronge.
he bigon to hewene hardliche swi+de.
and +ta postes for-heou alle; +ta heolden up +ta halle.
+Ter ich iseh Wenheuer eke; wimmonnen leofuest me.
al +tere muche halle rof; mid hire honden heo to-droh.
+Ta halle gon to h+alden; and ich h+ald to grunden.
+tat mi riht +arm to-brac; +ta seide Modred Haue +tat.
Adun ueol +ta halle; & Walwain gon to ualle.
and feol a +tere eor+de his +armes brekeen beine.
& ich igrap mi sweord leofe; mid mire leoft honde.
and sm+at of Modred is hafd +tat hit wond a +tene ueld.
And +ta quene ich al to-sna+dde; mid deore mine sweorede.
and seo[{+d{]+den ich heo adu[{n{] sette. in ane swarte putte.
and al mi uolc riche; sette to fleme.
+tat nuste ich under Criste; whar heo bicumen weoren.
Buten mi-seolf ich gon atstonden; uppen ane wolden.
& ich +ter wondrien agon; wide +geond +tan moren.
+ter ich isah gripes. and grisliche fu+geles.
+Ta com an guldene leo; li+den ouer dune;
deoren swi+de hende. +ta ure Drihten make[{de{] .
+Ta leo me orn foren to; and iueng me bi +tan midle.
& for+d hire gun +geongen; & to +tere s+a wende.
And ich is+ah +t+a v+den; i +tere s+a driuen.
and +te leo i +tan ulode; iwende wi+d me seolue.
+Ta wit i s+a comen; +ta v+den me hire binomen.
<P II,736>
com +ter an fisc li+de; and fereden me to londe.
+ta wes ich al wet; & weri of sor+gen and seoc.
+ta gon ich i-wakien; swi+de ich gon to quakien.
+Ta gon ich to biuien; swulc ich al fur burne.
And swa ich habbe al niht; of mine sweuene swi+de i+toht.
for ich what to iwisse; agan is al mi blisse.
for a to mine liue; sor+gen ich mot dri+ge.
wale +tat ich nabbe here; Wenhauer mine quene.
+Ta andswarede +te cniht; Lauerd +tu hauest un-riht.
ne sculde me nauere sweuen; mid sor+gen are(c)chen.
+tu +art +te riccheste mon; +ta rixleo+d on londen.
and +te alre wiseste; +te wune+d under weolcne.
+Gif hit weore ilu[{m{]pe; swa nulle hit ure Drihte;
+tat Modred +tire suster sune; hafde +tine quene inume.
and al +ti kine-liche lond; is+at an his a+gere hond.
+te +tu him bitahtest; +ta +tu to Rome +tohtest.
and he hafde al +tus ido; mid his swike-dome.
+te +get +tu mihtest +te awreken; wur+d-liche mid wepnen.
& +aft +ti lond halden; and walden +tine leoden.
and +tine feond fallen; +te +te ufel unnen.
and sl+an heom alle clane; +tet +ter no bilauen nane.
Ar+dur +ta andswarede. a+delest alre kinge.
Longe bi+d +auere; +tat no wene ich nauere.
+tat +auere Moddred mi m+ai;
wolde me biswiken. for alle mine richen.
no Wenhauer mi quene; wakien on +tonke.
nulle+d hit biginne; for nane weorld-monne.
+Afne +tan worde for+d-riht; +ta andswarede +te cniht.
Ich sugge +te so+d leofe king; for ich +am +tin vnder-ling.
+tus hafe+d Modred idon; +tine quene he hafe+d ifon.
and +ti wun-liche lond; is+at an his a+gere hond.
he is king & heo is que[{ne{] ; of +tine kume nis na wene.
for no wene+d heo nauere to so+de; +tat +tu cumen a+gain from   #
Rome.
Ich +am +tin a+gen mon; & iseh +tisne swike-dom.
and ich +am icumen to +te seoluen; so+d +te to suggen.
Min hafued beo to wedde; +tat is+aid ich +te habbe.
so+d buten lese; of leofen +tire quene.
& of Modrede +tire suster sune; hu he hafue+d Brut-lond +te     #
binume,
<P II,738>
+Ta s+at hit al stille; in Ar+dures halle.
+ta wes +ter s+arin+asse; mid sele +tan kinge.
+ta weoren Bruttisce men; swi+de vnbalde uor +t+an.
+Ta umbe stunde; stefne +ter sturede.
wide me mihte iheren; Brutten iberen.
and gunne to tellen; a feole cunne spellen.
hu heo wolden for-deme; Modred & +ta quene.
and al +tat mon-cun for-don; +te mid Modred heolden.
Ar+dur +ta cleopede; hendest alre Brutte.
Sitte[{+d{] a-dun stille; cnihtes inne halle.
and ich eou telle wulle; spelles vncu+de.
Nu to-m+ar+ge +tenne hit d+ai bi+d; & Drihten hine sende.
for+d ich wulle bu+ge; in to-ward Bruttaine.
and Moddred ich wulle s[{l{]an; & +ta quen for-berne.
and alle ich wulle for-don; +ta biluueden +ten swike-dom.
And her ich bileofuen wulle; me leofuest monne.
Howel minne leofue m+ai; hexst of mine cunne.
and half mine uerde; ich bil+afuen a +tissen +arde.
to halden al +tis kine-lond; +ta ich habbe a mire hond.
& +tenne +tas +ting. beo+d alle idone; a+gan ich wulle to Rome.
& mi wunliche lond bit+ache; Walwaine mine m+aie.
and iuor+t(e) m(i) beot seo[{+d{]+de; bi mine bare life.
Scullen alle mine feond; w+ai-si+d make+ge.
+Ta stod him up Walwain; +tat wes Ar+dures m+ai.
and +tas word saide; +te eorl wes abol+ge.
+Aldrihten Godd; domes waldend.
al middel-+ardes mund; whi is hit iwur+den.
+tat mi bro+der Modred; +tis mor+d hafue+d itimbred.
Ah to-d+ai ich at-sake hine here; biuoren +tissere du+ge+de.
and ich hine for-demen wulle; mid Drihtenes wille.
mi-seolf ich wulle hine an-hon; haxst alre warien.
+ta quene ich wulle mid Goddes la+ge. al mid horsen to-dra+ge.
For ne beo ich nauere bli+de; +ta wile a beo+d aliue.
and +tat ich habbe minne +am; awr+ake mid +tan bezste.
Bruttes +ta andswarede; mid baldere stefne.
Al ure wepnen; sunden +garewe; nu to-mar+gen we scullen uaren.
A mar+gen +tat hit d+ai wes; & Drihten hine senden.
Ar+du[{r{] uor+d him wende; mid a+delen his folke.
<P II,740>
half he hit bil+afde; & half hit for+d ladde.
For+d he wende +turh +tat lond; +tat he com to Whit-sond.
scipen he h+afde sone; monie & wel idone.
ah feowertene niht fulle; +tere l+ai +ta uerde.
+teos wederes abiden; windes bi-delde.
Nu was sum for-cu+d kempe; in Ar+dures ferde.
an+an swa he demen iherde; of Modredes [{d{]e+de
he nom his swein aneouste; and sende to +tissen londe.
and sende word Wenhaueren; heou hit was iwur+den.
and hu Ar+dur wes on uore; mid muclere ferde.
and hu he wolde taken on; & al hu he wolde don.
+Ta quene com to Modred; +tat w+as hire leofuest monnes.
and talde him tidende; of Ar+dure +tan kinge.
hu he wolde taken an; & al hu he wolde don.
Modr+ad nom his sonde; and sende to Sex-lond.
after Childriche; +te king wes swi+de riche.
and b+ad hine cume to Brutaine; +ter-of he bruke sculde.
Modr+ad bad Childriche; +tene stronge & +tene riche.
wide senden sonde; a feouwer half Sex-londe.
and beoden +ta cnihtes alle; +tat heo bi+geten mihte.
+tat heo comen sone; to +tissen kinedo[{m{]e.
and he wolde Childriche; +geouen of his riche.
al bi+geonde +tere Humbre; for he him scolde helpe.
to fihten wi+d his +ame; Ar+duren kinge.
Childrich beh sone; in-to Brutlonde.
+Ta Modred hafde his ferde; isomned of monnen.
+ta weoren +tere italde; sixti +tusende.
here-kempen harde; of he+dene uolke.
+ta heo weoren icumen hidere; for Ar[{+d{]ures h+arme.
Modred to helpen; forcu+dest monnen.
+Ta +te uerde wes isome; of +alche mon-cunne.
+ta heo weoren +ter on hepe; an hunddred +tusende;
he+dene and cristene. mid Modrede kinge;
Ar+dur lai at Whit-sond; feouwertene niht him +tuhte to long.
and al Modred wuste; wat Ar+dur +t+ar wolde;
+alche dai him comen sonde. from +tas kinges hirede;
<P II,742>
+Ta ilomp hit an one time; muchel rein him gon rine.
& +t+a wind him gon wende. & stod of +tan +ast ende.
and Ar+dur to scipe fusde; mid alle his uerde.
and hehte +tat his scip-men; brohten hine to Romerel;
+ter he +tohte up wende; in-to +tissen londe.
+T+a he to +tere hauene com; Moddred him wes auornon.
ase +te d+ai gon lihte; heo bigunnen to fihten;
alle +tene longe d+ai; moni mon +ter ded l+ai.
summe hi fuhten a londe; summe bi +tan stronde.
summe heo letten ut of scipen; scerpe garen scri+ten.
Walwain bi-foren wende; and +tene w+ai rumde.
& sloh +ter a-neuste; +teines elleouene;
he sloh Childriches sune; +te was +ter mid his fader icume.
To reste eode +ta sunne; w+a wes +ta monnen;
+ter wes Walwain a-sl+a+ge; & idon of lif-da+ge.
+turh an eorl Sexisne; s+ari wur+de his saule.
+Ta wes Ar+dur s+ari; & sorhful an heorte for-+ti.
& +tas word bo[{d{]ede; ri(c)chest alre Brutte;
Nu ich ileosed habbe; mine sweines leofe;
Ich wuste bi mine sweuene; wh+at sor+gen me weoren +geue+de.
i-sla+gen is Angel +te king; +te wes min a+gen deorling.
& Walwaine (mi) suster sune; wa is me +tat ich was mon          #
iboren.
Up nu of scipen biliue; mine beornes ohte.
+Afne +tan worde; wenden to fihte.
sixti +tusend anon; selere kempen.
and breken Modredes trume; and wel neh him-seolue wes inome.
Modred bi-gon to fleon; & his folc after teon;
flu+gen ueond-liche. feldes beoueden eke;
+gurren +ta stanes. mid +tan blod-stremes.
+Ter weore al +tat fiht i-don; ah +tat niht to ra+de com;
+gif +ta niht neore; isla+gen hi weoren alle.
+Te niht heom to-delde; +geond slades & +geon dunen.
and Modred swa vor+d com; +tat he wes at Lundene;
Iherden +ta burh-weren; hu hit was il ifaren.
and warnden him in+geong; & alle his folke;
Modred +teone wende; to-ward Winchastre.
and heo hine under-uengen; mid alle his monnen.
And Ar+dur after wende; mid alle his mahte.
<P II,744>
+tat he com to Winchestre; mid muchelere uerde.
& +ta burh al bir+ad; & Modred +ter-inne abeod.
+Ta Modred i-s+ah; +tat Ar+dur him wes swa neh.
ofte he hine bi+tohte; w+at he don mahte.
+Ta a +tere ilke niht; he hehte his cnihtes alle.
mid alle heore iwepnen; ut of burh+ge wenden.
and s+aide +tat he weolde; mid fihte +ter at-stonden.
He bi-hehte +tere bur+ge-were; auer-mare freo la+ge.
wi+d +tan +ta heo him heolpen; at he+gere neoden.
+Ta hit wes d+ai-liht; +garu +ta wes heore fiht;
Ar+dur +tat bi-hedde; +te king wes abol+ge.
he lette bemen blawen; and beonnen men to fihten.
he hehte alle his +teines; & a+dele his cnihte.
fon somed to fihten; and his ueo[{n{]d auallen.
and +te burh alle for-don; and +tat bur(h)-folc ahon;
Heo to-gadere stopen; and sturnliche fuhten.
Modred +ta +tohte; what he don mihte.
& he dude +tere; alse he dude elles-whare.
swike-dom mid +tan m+aste; for auere he dude unwr(a)ste.
he biswac his iueren; biuoren Winchestren.
and lette him to cleopien; his leofeste cnihtes. anan.
and his leoueste freond alle; of allen his folke.
and bi-stal from +tan fihte; +te feond hine a+ge.
and +tat folc gode lette; al +ter for-wur+de.
Fuhten alle d+ai; wenden +tat heore lauerd +ter l+ai.
and weore heom aneouste; at muchelere neode.
+Ta heold he +tene wai; +tat tou-ward Hamtone lai.
and heolde touward hauene; forcu+dest h+ale+de.
and nom alle +ta scipen; +ta +ter oht weore.
and +ta steor-men alle; to +tan scipen neodde.
and ferden into Cornwalen; forcu+dest kingen a +tan da+gen.
And Ar+dur Winchestre; +ta burh bilai wel faste;
& al +tat moncun of-sloh; +ter wes sor+gen inoh.
+ta +geonge and +ta alde. alle he aqualde.
+Ta +tat folc wes al ded; +ta burh al for-swelde.
+ta lette he mid alle; to-breken +ta walles alle.
+Ta wes hit itimed +tere; +tat Merlin seide while.
<P II,746>
+Arm wur+dest +tu Winch+astre; +t+a eor+de +te scal forswal+ge.
swa Merlin s+aide; +te wite+ge wes m+are.
+Ta quene l+ai inne Eouwerwic; n+as heo n+auere swa sarlic.
+tat wes Wenhauer +ta quene; s+ar+gest wimmonne.
Heo iherde suggen; so+d+dere worden.
hu ofte Modred flah; and hu Ar+dur hine bibah.
Wa wes hire +tere while; +tat heo wes on life.
Ut of Eouerwike; bi nihte heo i-wende.
& touward Karliun tuhte; swa swi+de swa heo mahte;
+tider heo brohten bi nihte; of hire cnihten twei+ge.
and me hire hafd bi-wefde; mid ane hali rifte.
and heo wes +ter munechene; kare-fullest wife.
+Ta nusten men of +tere quene; war heo bicumen weore.
no feole +gere seo+d+de; nuste hit mon to so+de.
wha+der heo weore on de+de.
+ta heo hire-seolf weore; isunken in +te watere.
Modred wes i Cornwale; & somnede cnihtes feole.
to Irlonde he sende; a-neoste his sonde.
to Sex-londe he sende; aneouste his sonde.
to Scotlonde he sende; aneouste his sonde.
he hehten heom to cume alle anan; +tat wolde lond habben.
o+der seoluer o+der gold; o[{+d{]er ahte o[{+d{]er lond.
on +alchere wisen; he warnede hine seoluen.
swa de+d +alc witer mon; +ta neode cume+d uuen-an.
Ar+dur +tat iherde. wra+dest kinge;
+tat Modred w+as i Cornwale. mid muchele monweorede;
& +ter wolde abiden +tat Ar+dur come riden.
Ar+dur sende sonde; +geond al his kine-londe.
and to cumen alle hehte; +tat quic wes on londe.
+ta to uihte oht weoren; wepnen to beren.
and w[{ha{]-swa hit for-sete; +tat +te king hete.
+te king hine wolde a folden; qui[{c{] al for-bernen.
Hit l+ac to-ward hirede; folc vni-mete.
ridinde & ganninde; swa +te rim falle[{+d{] adune.
<P II,748>
Ar+dur for to Cornwale; mid uni[{me{]te ferde.
Modred +tat iherde; & him to+geines heolde.
mid vnimete folke; +ter weore monie u+aie.
Uppen +tere Ta[{m{]bre; heo tuhten to-gadere.
+te stude hatte Camelford; euer-mare ilast +tat ilke weorde.
And at Camelforde wes isomned; sixti +tusend.
& ma +tusend +ter-to; Modred wes heore +alder;
+Ta +tider-ward gon ride. Ar+dur +te riche;
mid unimete folke. u+aie +tah hit weore.
Uppe +tere Tambre; heo tuhte to-somne.
heuen here-marken. halden to-gadere;
luken sweord longe. leiden o +te helmen;
fur ut sprengen; speren brastlien.
sceldes gonnen scanen; scaftes to-breken.
+ter faht al to-somne; folc vnimete.
Tambre wes on flode; mid vnimete blode.
mon i +tan fihte non +ter ne mihte; ikenne nenne kempe.
no wha dude wurse; no wha bet. swa +tat wi+de wes imenged.
for +alc sloh adun-riht; weore he swein weore he cniht.
+Ter wes Modred of-sla+ge; and idon of lif-da+ge.
in +tan fihte
+Ter weoren of-sla+ge; alle +ta snelle.
Ar[{+d{]ures hered-men. he+ge [{and lowe{]
and +ta Bruttes alle; of Ar+dures borde.
and alle his fosterlinges; of feole kineriches.
And Ar+dur forwunded; mid wal-spere brade.
fiftene he hafde; feondliche wunden.
mon mihte i +tare laste; twa glouen i+traste.
+Ta nas +ter na-mare; i +tan fehte to laue;
of twa hundred +tusend monnen. +ta +ter leien to-hauwen;
buten Ar+dur +te king ane; & of his cnihtes tweien.
Ar+dur wes for-wunded; wunder ane swi+de.
+ter to him com a cnaue; +te wes of his cunne.
he wes Cadores sune; +te eorles of Corwaile.
Constantin hehte +te cnaue; he wes +tan kinge deore.
Ar+dur him lokede on; +ter he lai on folden.
and +tas word seide; mid sorhfulle heorte.
<P II,750>
Cost+antin +tu art wilcume; +tu weore Cadores sone.
Ich +te bitache here; mine kineriche.
and wite mine Bruttes; a to +tines lifes.
and hald heom alle +ta la+gen; +ta habbeo+d i-stonden a mine    #
da+gen.
and alle +ta la+gen gode; +ta bi V+deres da+gen stode.
And ich wulle uaren to Aualun; to uairest alre maidene.
to Argante +tere quene; aluen swi+de sceone.
& heo s[{c{]al mine wunden; makien alle isunde.
al hal me makien; mid halewei+ge drenchen.
And seo+de ich cumen wulle. to mine kineriche.
and wunien mid Brutten; mid muchelere wunne.
+Afne +tan worden; +ter com of se wenden.
+tat wes an sceort bat li+den; sceouen mid v+den.
and twa wimmen +ter-inne. wunderliche idihte;
and heo nomen Ar+dur anan; and aneouste hine uereden.
and softe hine adun leiden; & for+d gunnen li+den.
+Ta wes hit iwur+den; +tat Merlin seide whilen.
+tat weore uni-mete care; of Ar+dures for+d-fare.
Bruttes ileue+d +gete; +tat he bon on liue.
and wunnien in Aualun; mid fairest alre aluen.
and lokie+d euere Bruttes +gete; whan Ar+dur cumen li+de.
Nis nauer +te mon iboren; of nauer nane burde icoren.
+te cunne of +tan so+de; of Ar+dure sugen mare.
Bute while wes an wite+ge; M+arlin ihate.
he bodede mid worde; his qui+des weoren so+de.
+tat an Ar+dur sculde +gete; cum Anglen to fulste.
Costantin +tus leouede on londe; & Bruttes hine lufede.
and swi+de deore heom he wes. and w(r)+deliche heo hine         #
heolden;
Nu h+afuede Modred sunen tweie. an main(e) swi+de stronge.
hei ise+gen hu hit ferde here; of Ar[{+d{]ure +tan kaisere.
and hu heore fader wes of-sla+ge; & i-don of lif-da+gen.
& hu Bruttes to-dreued weoren; mid feole cunne bursten.
+Ta ilke tweie bro+deren; speken heom bi-tweohnen.
and somneden +ta cnihtes alle; selest +ta heom +tuhte.
+ta weoren wide to-flo(+gen ut) of +tan wi+der-uehte.
and somneden uerde; wide +geond +tan arde.
<P II,752>
and +tuhten to slan Costantin; and al his lond binimen him.
+Tat iherde sugge Costantin; +te king wes a-bol+gen;
and sende his sonde; wide +geond his londe.
and hirede hehte cume; +tan kingge to helpe.
Si+gen toward hirede; +geonglinges snelle.
+tritti +tusend anan; somned comen +trasten.
and +te king for+d-rihtes; makeden hom cnihtes.
+Ta o+dere cnihtes +ter comen; +ta at +tan fehte ar weoren.
+ta hafde he to-somne; sixti +tusende.
+Tat iherde bodien; beien Moddredes sunen.
and nomen heom to rade; and to som-rune.
+tat +te an li+den wolde; in-to Lundene.
and +te o[{+d{]er li+den wolde; in-to Winchastre.
and +ter heo wolden abiden; +tat +te king comen riden.
and wolden wi+d him fehten; mid allen heore mehten.
A[{h{] +t+a hit com to neode; o+der weis hit eode.
Costantin gon li+de; touward Lundenne.
+Tat iherden bodien; +teo +ta burh biwusten.
h+alden to-somne; to heore hustinge.
heo nomen heom to rade; and to som-rune.
+tat heo wolden halden alle; mid Costantin +tan kinge.
and for-saken Modredes sune; +t+a +tat mor+d wrohte;
Modredes sune flah; and in-to ane munestere teh.
And Constantin him after wende. and +ter hine ic+ahte;
+te king mid his sweorde; +tat hefd him of-swipte.
And +tus +te king wordede; wr+a+d on his +tonke;
Li+ge +ter +tu la+de mon; leof +tu beo +tan Sucke.
sl+a+d heom aneouste; al +tat +ge finde+d +tere.
mine wi+der-i-winnen; weorpe+d heom to grunden.
+Tis slaht wes sone idon; for moni mon +ter wenden to.
Seo+den lette Costantin +te king wes on londe;
blawen his bemen; and bonnien his ferden.
and wende riht +tene wai; +te touward Winch+astre lai.
and for+d ladde mid him; +ta Bruttes of Lundene.
and to Winch+astre comen; and a-neouste binnen wenden.
+Tat is+ah Meleou; +te wes Modredes sone.
<P II,754>
and from his iueren cherde; and fleh to are chirche.
and for+d-riht anan wende; forn to ane wefde.
Costantin braid ut his sweorde; & +tat hafde him of-swipte.
+tat seint Anfibales weofd; iwra+d +ter-of a blode.
and seo+den he lette slen; alle Melaeoues men;
+Teo wes Costantin king here; of +tessere kine-riche.
+ta bigunnen blissen; in Brutene to wunien.
her w+as gri+d her wes fri+d; and freo+g la+gen mid folke.
and ful wel heo[{l{]den +ta ilke la+gen; +tat stoden on         #
Ar+dures da+gen.
Ah +tat ilke i-laste; to lutele while.
for no ilast he buten feouwer +ger; his feond hine aqualde.
and his folc hine uerede; in-to Stan-henge.
and +ter hine leide; bi leofen his aldren.
Seo+d+den wes Conan; ihouen her to kinge.
+tat wes +te for-cu+deste mon; +tet sunne here scean on.
Costantines suster sune; his +am he biswac to de+de.
for he hefde rihte; to +tissere kine-riche.
Conan mid attere; his +ames sune aqualde;
He bigon un-fri+d. (is men) him fuhten wi+d.
and he gon sechien; to his twam susteren.
alc burh i +tan londe; ferde al to sconde.
astured wes al +tas +teode; strong-liche swi+de.
Six +gere ilaste; +tas s+arinesse on londe.
+ta veol +te king of horse; and f+ai-si+d makede.
wel wes al +tis folke; for his f+aie-si+de.
+Ta +tis wes al ido +tus; +ta i-war+d king Uortiporus.
+Teo comen Sexisce men; seilen to londe.
and m(u)chelne harm wrohten; bi+geonde +tere Hunbren.
slo+gen & nomen; al +tat heo neh comen.
And Uortiporus +te hen(de) sende after genge.
and ferede heom ouenon; and feolde Sexisce men.
and monie +tusend sente; to +tare se-grunde.
and +tus he heom a-ferde; and flemde of londe.
+tat n+auer seo[{+d{]+den bi his da+gen; ne lusten heom hider   #
uaren.
<P II,756>
His da+ges ilaste seuen +gere; and seo+d+den he dei+gede
And seo[{+d{]+den nom +tas riche; Malgus +te re+ge.
+tat was +te faireste mon; wi+d-uten Adam & Absolon.
swa alse +te boc us sugge+d; +ta +auere iboren weore.
+Tes lette his hired dihte; al wi+d o[{h{]te cnihten.
+tuhten alle +tes sweines; swulche heo weoren +teines.
haueden alle his hired-cnafe; +alches godes sweines la+ge.
Ne durste nauere nan vn-hende mon; +tas kinges hus isechen.
He biwun +ta londes alle; +ta stoden him an honde.
+Ta wes al +tas Bruttene; afeolled mid blisse.
+ta bleden uor+d comen; +geond al +tis kine-domen.
+Te king ne rohte of +ahte; ah al he hit +gaf his cnihten.
no mihte no mon sugge; of wundere na-mare.
+tene wes mid +tan kinge; bu(ten) of ane +tinge.
He luuede +tane sunne; +te la+d (is) ure Drihtene.
+ta wifmen heo for-soken; to mare sunne heo token.
wapmon luuede wapmon; wifmen heom la+de weoren.
swa +tat monie +tusende; wenden of +tissen lond.
wifmen swi+de feire; ferden to o+dere +teoden;
for mucchel scome heo[{m{] +tuhte; +tat wepmen heom ne rohte.
+Turh-ut alle cunnes +tinge; +tis ilke wes a god kinge.
buten of +tere sunne; +tat ich iseid habbe.
+Ta com an of his cunne; Carric wes ihaten.
and nom +tisne kine-dom. and mid seor+gen wunede +ter-on.
snel cniht wes Carric; ah he nes noht iseli.
+tat wes for un-leoden; spilden al his +teoden. 



<B CMKATHE>
<Q M1 NN BIL KATH>
<N ST KATH>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  KATHERINE. 
THE KATHERINE GROUP.
EDITED FROM MS. BODLEY 34.
BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE
ET LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXV.
ED. S. T. R. O. D'ARDENNE.
PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITION "LES BELLES
LETTRES", 1977.
PP. 17.1 - 28.20     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 38.3 - 47.4      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 17>
[{I{] +tes feaderes ant [{i +t{]es sunes. i +te almih[{ti       #
g{]astes
[{n{]ome. [{Her biginne{]+d +te Martyrdom of sancte             #
K[{aterine{]
   Costentin ant Maxence were on a time as i keiseres
stude hehest i rome. ah costentin ferde +turh +te burhmenne
read into franclonde ant wunede summe hwile
+tear for +te burhes neode. ant Maxence steorede +te refschipe
i rome. weox umbe hwile wrea+d+de ham bitweonen.  
ant comen to fehte. wes Maxence ouercumen ant fleah
into alixandre. Costentin walde efter ant warpen him +teonne.
ah se wide him weox weorre on euche halue ant nomeliche   
in a lont ylirie hatte +tt [{tear{] he etstutte +ta maxence 
iherde +tis +tt he wes of him siker ant of his cunne carles;
war king of +tt lont +te lei into rome as duden meast
alle +te o+dre of +te weorlde. Bigon anan ase wed wulf to       #
weorrin  
hali chirche ant dreaien cristenemen +te lut +tt ter
weren alle to hea+dendom hea+dene as he wes summe +turh muchele
<P 18>
+geouen ant misliche meden summe +turh fearlac.  
of eisfule +treates. O least wi+d stronge tintreohen ant        #
licomliche 
pinen. I +te fif ant. +trittu+de +ger of his rixlinge 
he set o kine-seotle i +te moder-burh of alixandres riche ant
sende heaste & bode. se wid se +tt lont wes. +tt poure ba ant
riche comen +ter biuoren him to +te temple i +te tun [{of{] 
his hea+dene godes euchan wi+d his lac forte wur+dgin ham  
wi+d. Comen alle to his bode ant euchan bi his euene biuore
Maxence seolf wurdgede his maumez. +te riche reo+d+deren. 
& schep. & bule hwa-se mahte brohte to lake. +te poure;  
cwike briddes. I +tis burh wes wuniende a meiden swi+de
+gung of +geres twa wone of t[{w{]enti; feier. & freolich o     #
wlite
& o westum ant +get. +tt is mare; wurh+d stea+deluest           #
wi+dinnen   
of treowe bileaue. anes kinges cost hehte anlepi 
dohter icuret cleargesse Katerine inempnet. +teos meiden 
wes ba+de feaderles ant moderles of hire child-hade ah   
+tah ha gung were ha heold hire ealdrene hird wisliche   
ant warliche i +te eritage. ant i +te eard +tt com hire of      #
burde.   
<P 19>
nawt for+ti +tt hire +tuhte god in hire heorte to habbe monie
under hire ant beon icleopet leafdi +tt feole telle+d wel  
to; ah ba ha wes offearet of scheome & of sunne +gef +teo  
weren to-dreauet o+der mis-ferden +tt hire for+dfeadres hefden
iuostret. for hire-seolf. ne kepte ha nawt of +te worlde.  
+tus lo for hare sake ane. dale ha etheold of hire ealdrene
god ant spende al +tt o+der i neodfule ant i nakede
   +Teos milde meoke meiden +teos lufsume leafdi wi+d           #
leastelese
lates ne luuede. ha nane lihte plohen ne nane   
sotte songes. nalde ha nane ronnes. ne nane luue-runes  
leornin ne lusten. ah euer ha hefde on hali writ ehnen   
o+der heorte oftest ba to-gederes. hire feader. hefde iset 
hire earliche to lare ant heo +turh +te haligast undernom  
hit se wel +tt nan nes hire euenig. Modi meistres ant   
feole fondeden ofte hire o swi+de feole halue forte underneomen
hire; ah nes +tear nan +tt mahte neauer eanes.  
wrenchen hire wi+d al his crefti crokes ut of +te weie.
Ah se sone ha +geald ham swucche +gein-cleappes ant wende hare
wiheles up-on ham-seoluen; +tt al ha icneowen ham 
<P 20>
crauant ant ouercumen & cwe+ten hire +te mestrie. ant   
te meske al up. +Tvs hwil ha wiste hire ant +tohte
a to witen hire meiden i mei+dhad as ha set in a burh of hire
burde-boldes; ha iherde a swuch nur+d towart te aweariede 
maumetes temple lowinde of +tt ahte. ludinge of +te men  
gleowinde of euch gleo to herien & hersumin hare hea+dene  
godes. As ha +tis iherde & nuste +get wet hit wes;
ha sende swi+de forte witen hwet wunder hit were. Sone   
se hire sonde com a+gein ant seide hire +tt so+de; heo wes 
swa itend of wrea+d+de +tt wod ha walde iwurden het up of  
hire hird hwuch as ha walde ant wende hire +tiderwart.   
I-font ter swi+de feole +geinde ant +gurinde. & +teotinde       #
un+tuldeliche
wi+d reow+dfule reames +te cristene weren & leaffule
i godes lei. ah for dred of dea+d duden +tt deofles lac  
as +te headene duden. Hwa wes wurse +tene heo heorte iwundet
inwi+d for +te wrecches +tet ha seh se wra+de werkes
wurchen a+gein. godes wille. +tohte +tah as ha wes
+tuldi & +tolemod se +gung +ting as ha wes hwet hit mahte  
geinin. +tah heo hire ane were a+gein se kene keiser   
<P 21>
ant al his kineriche stot stille ane hwile & hef hire
heorte up to +te hehe. healant +te iheret is in heouene  
bisohte him help ant hap ant wisdom ase wisliche as
al +te world is iweld +turh his wissunge +trefter wepnede  
hire wi+d so+de bileaue ant wrat on hire. breoste ant  
biuoren hire te+d & te tunge of hire mu+d. +te hali rode 
taken ant com leapinde for+d as al itent of +te lei of +te 
hali gast. as +te keiser stot bimong +tt sunfule slaht   
of +tt islein ahte deouele to lake +tt euch waried weoued  
of +te mix-maumez ron of +tt baleful blod al biblodeget  
ant bigon to +geien ludere steauene   
   Gretunge keiser walde wel bicume +te for +tin hehnesse.   
gef +tu +tis ilke +geld +tt tu dest to deouelen +tt for+dde+d
+te ba+de i licome & i sawle ant alle +te hit driue+d. +gef
+tu hit +gulde & +geue to his wur+demunt +te scheop +te &  
al +te world ant welt +turh his wisdom al +tt ischapen is. 
Ich walde king greten +te +gef +tu understode +tt he ane  
is to herien +turh hwam ant under hwam alle kinges
rixli+d. Ne ne mei na +ting wi+d-stonden his wille. +tah 
he muche +tolie. +tes heouenliche lauerd luue+d treowe bileaue
ant now+der blod ne ban of unforgult ahte ah +tt me
halde & heie his halewinde heastes. Ne nis na +ting hwer+turh
monnes muchele meadschipe wrea+de+d him mare;   
+ten +te schafte of mon +tt he schop & +gef schad ba
<P 22>
of god & of ufel +turh wit & +turh wisdom schal wur+de   
se uor+d ut of his witte +tur +te awariede gast +tt. he +gelt
+te wur+demunt to unwitelese +ting +tt te feont wune+d   
in +tet he ahte to gode ant herie+d & hersume+d seheliche  
schaftes blodles ant banles ant leomen bute liue as he sculde
his & heoren ant alre +tinge schupent +tt is god unsehelich.
   +Te feont +te finde+d euch uuel bimong alle hise crokinde  
creftes wi+d neauer an ne keche+d he creftiluker 
cangmen ne leade+d to unbileaue; +ten +tt he make+d
men +tt ahte to wite wel +tt ha beo+d bi+getene & iborene ant
ibroht for+d +turh +te heouenliche feader to makie swucche 
maumez of treo o+der of stan o+der +turh mare meadschipe  
of gold o+der of seoluer. ant +geouen ham misliche nomen  
of sunne o+der of mone of wind & wude & weattres &
hersume+d ant wur+dgi+d as +tah ha godes weren ne naue+d  
he +turh oder +ting i +tis bileaue ibroht ow bute +tt ow  
+tunche+d +tt ha schulen leasten a. for-+ti +tt +ge ne          #
schulen   
ham neauer biginnen. Ah +ter nis buten an godd  
+tur hwam witerliche ha alle weren iwrahte ant of nawhit  
ant i +tis weorlde iset us forto frourin ant to fremien.  
& alswa as euch +ting hefde biginnunge of his   
godlec; alswa schulden alle habben endunge. +gef he
+tt walde. Engles & sawlen +turh +tt ha bigunnen ahten &  
mahten endin +turh cunde. Ah he +turh his milce & godlec  
of his grace maked ham +tt ha beo+d in eche buten ende   
ant +teruore nis na +ting euening ne eche wi+d godd
<P 23>
+tt +ge gremied for he is hare alre schupent ant schop   
ham i sum time ant na time nes neauer +tt he bigon to
beon in. +Te keiser bistearede hire wi+d swide steape   
ehnen hwil +tt ha spec +tus swi+de he awundrede him of hire 
wliti westum ant swider of hire wordes & feng on +tus to  
speokene +Ti leor is meiden luf-sum ant ti mu+d murie
& witti & wise weordes hit weren +gef ha neren false ah we      #
witen   
wel +tt ure la+gen ure bileaue & ure lei hefde lahe sprung. 
ah al +tt +ge segge+d is se sutel sotschipe +tt hit na wis 
mon. ah wittlese hit wene+d. Me hwet is mare meadschipe  
+ten forte leuen on him ant seggen he is godes sune
+te +te giws demden & hea+dene a-hongeden. ant +tt he wes
akennet of marie ameiden buten monnes man & iboren
of hire bute bruche of hire bodi. deide ant wes iburiet.  
ant herhede helle & aras of dea+d. & steah into heouene ant
schal eft o domes-dei cumen ba te demen +te cwike ant te  
deade. Hwa walde ileue +tis. +tt is ase noht wur+d. +tt alle
ower leasunges beo+d unlefliche. Ah +get ne +tunche+d ow nawt
inoh to forleosen ow +tus i +tulli misbileaue; Ah ga+d +get 
ant segge+d scheome bi ure undeaddeliche godes +te sunne  
& te mone +tt euch mon ahte hersumin & herien in eor+de.  
<P 24>
   +Teos meiden lette lutel of +tt he seide. ant smirkinde      #
sme+deliche 
+gef him +tullich onswere. al ich iseo +tine sahen
sottliche isette. cleopest +teo +ting godes +te now+der         #
sturien   
ne mahen. ne steoren ham-seoluen bute as +te hehe king   
hat ham in heouene. & heo buhe+d to him as schafte to his 
schuppent. Nis buten an godd as ich ear seide +tt al +te world  
wrahte & al worldliche +ting. & al wurche+d his wil bute mon
ane. Stille beo +tu +tenne & stew swuche wordes for ha beo+d 
al witlese ant windi of wisdom +Te keiser wundrede
him swi+de of hire wordes ant wedinde cwe+d. Meiden ich  
iseo wel for sutel is & etsene o +tine sulliche sahen +tet 
tu were iset gung to leaf & to lare. Ah of swuch larspel  
+tu hauest leaue ileornet +tt tu art +ter-onont al to
deope ilearet hwen tu forcwedest for+ti crist ure unde+dliche
godes ant seist ha beo+d idele & empti of gode.  
ah wastu wet is we schulen bringe to ende +tt we bigunnen  
habbe+d ant tu schalt tu motild to curt cume seo+den.
& +tine mede ikepen +gef +tu wult ti wiliwende to ure.   
for +gef hit went a+gein us; ne schal +te na teone ne tintreohe
trukien. +ta he hefde +tus iseid; cleopede an of 
his men dearliche to him. ant sende iselede iwrites
<P 25>
wid his ahne kine-ring +geont al his kineriche. to
alle +te i-cudde clerkes ant +tet ha hihin towart him
hare cume swi+de. & swa muche +te swi+dere +tt he bihet   
to mea+din ham wi+d swi+de heh mede. ant makien 
ham hehest in his halle. +gef ha +teos modi motild ouercume
mahten ant wende +te hokeres of his hea+dene   
godes up-on hire heauead +t ha were on alre erst ikennen  
ant icnawen +tt nis bute dusilec al +tt ha driue+d
ant +trefter +tenne fordon ant fordemed. +gef ha 
nalde leauen +tet ha +get lefde ant hare lagen  
luuien. +tes sonde wende him for+d as +te king hehte
he heold on to herien his hea+dne maumez wi+d misliche
lakes long time of +te dei +tt he idon hefde. ant wende +ta
+te wari towart his buri-boldes ant bed bringen anan +tis  
meiden biuoren him ant seide to hire +tus. Nat ich now+der 
+ti nome. ne ich ne cnawe +ti cun ne hwucche men +tu hauest
ihaued hiderto to meistres. ah +ti schene nebscheft ant ti 
semliche schape schawe+d wel +tt tu art freomonne foster  
ant ti sputi speche walde of wisdom & of wit beore +te          #
wittnesse.   
+gef +tu ne mis-nome onont ure maumez +tt tu se muchel   
mis-seist seist. ant ure godes hokerest +te schuldest as we
<P 26>
do+d heien & herien Ha onswerede & seide. +gef +tu wult  
mi nome witen; ich am katerine icleopet +gef +tu wult  
cnawe mi cun; ich am kinges dohter. cost hehte mi feader  
ant habbe ihauet hiderto swi+de hehe meistres. Ah
for+ti +tt te lare +tt heo me learden limpe+d to idel +gelp 
ant falle+d to bi+gete to wurdschipe of +te worlde ne ne  
helpe+d nawiht eche lif to haben; ne +gelpe ich nawiht   
+terof ah sone se ich seh +te leome of +te so+de lare +te       #
leade+d   
to +tt eche lif; ich leafde al +tt o+der ant toc me him   
to lauerd & makede him mi leofmon. +te +teos word seide  
+turh an of his witegen. (\Perdam sapientiam sapientum  
& intellectum intelligentium reprobabo.\) ich chulle fordo +te
wisdom of +teos wise world-men he sei+d. ant awarpen +te wit
of +teose world witti. Ich herde eft +teos word of an o+der
witege. (\Deus autem noster incelo omnia quecumque uoluit       #
fecit. 
Simulacra gentium. argentum. & aurum. & cetera. usque ad        #
similes illis
fiant.\) Vre go+d is in heoune +tt wurche+d al +tt he wule.
+teos maumez beo+d i-maket of gold & of seoluer al wi+d   
monnes honden. Mu+d bute speche. hehnen bute si+dh+de.
Earen buten herunge. honden bute felunge. fet bute
+gonge. +teo +tt ham makie+d mote beon ilich ham ant alle 
+te ham truste+d. Ah nu +tu seist +tt ha beod alle weldinde 
godes & wult +tt ich do ham wurdschipe; schaw sumhwet
<P 27>
of ham for hwi ha beon wur+de forte beon iwurdget. for   
ear nulle ich now+der ham heien ne herien. Nat ich
hwuch +ti +toht beo q+d +te king Maxence. ah wordes +tu hauest
inohe. ah +tole nu ane hwile & tu schald ifinden hwa   
+te ontswerie. +Tes sondes-mon umbe log +ta he hefde al  
+tt lont ouergan ant +turh-soht; com ant brohte wi+d him  
fifti scol-meistres. of alle +te creftes +te clearc ah to       #
cunnen   
& in alle wittes of worldliche wisdomes wisest o worlde.  
+te king wes swi+de icwemet & walde witen +gef ha weren  
se wise ant se witi as me fore-seide. ant ha somet seiden 
+tt witiest ha weren of alle +te meistres +te weren in          #
est-londe   
& heaued of +te heste & mest nomecu+de icud of alle clergies.
Ah +tu que+den ha keiser ahest to cu+den for hwet icud   
+ting +tu hete us hider to cumene. Ant he ham ontswerede. 
Her is a meiden +gunglich on +geres. ah se swi+de witti & wis
on hire wordes. +tt ha wi+d hire anes mot meistre+d us alle.    #
Ah   
+get me teone+d mare +tt ha tuket ure godes to balewe & to  
bismere & seid hit beo+d deoflen +tt in ham dearie+de Ich 
mahte inohrea+de wel habben aweld hire +gef ha nalde
wi+d luue. wi+d lu+der eie lan-hure. Ah +get me +tunche+d 
<P 28>
betere +tt ha beo ear ouercumen wi+d desputunge. & gef ha 
+te +get wule. +ten ha wat hire woh wi+d-stonden a+gein us;
Ich hire wule don to +te derueste dea+d +tt me mei hire demen.
& wi+d kinewur+de +geoues +gelden ow hehliche ower
+gong hider +gef +ge a-+gein wulle+d. o+der +gef ow is willre
forte wunie wi+d me; +ge schule beon mine reades-men
in alle mine dearne run & mine dearne deden. +ta ontswerede
+te an swide prudeliche +tus to +te prude prince 
Hei hwuch wis read of se cud keiser makie se monie
clerkes to cumene & se swi+de crefti of alle clergies of        #
Alixandres 
lont +te alre leaste ende to motin wi+d a meiden. 
Me an mahte of ure mon wi+d his mot meistrin & wi+d his   
anes wit awarpen +te alre wiseste +te wune+d bi westen. Ah 
hwuch-se ha eauer beo let bringen hire for+d +tt ha understonde
+tt ha ne stod neauer ear +tene +tes dei bute biuore  
dusie +Teos meiden wes bicluset +te hwile i cwarterne & i       #
cwalmhuse. 

<S SAMPLE 2> 
<P 38>
[{P{]orphire +gettede hire al +tt ha +girnde & leadde hire anan
i +te niht to +te cwarterne. Ah swuch leome & liht leitede 
+trinne +tt ne mahten ha nawt loki +tear-a+geines. Ah feollen
ba for fearleac dun duuel-rihtes. ah an se swi+de swote   
smeal com anan +ter-efter. +tt fleide awei +tt fearlac &        #
frourede  
ham sone. Arise+d q+d katerine ne drede +ge nawiht for  
+te deore drihtin haue+d idiht ow ba +te blisfule crune of his
icorene. +ta ha weren iseten up; sehen as +te engles wi+d       #
smirles  
of aromaz smireden hire wunden ant bi-eoden swa +te
bruchen of hire bodi al to-broken of +te beattunge. 
+tt tet flesch & tet fel wor+den se feire. +tt ha awundreden
ham swi+de of +tt sih+de. Ah +tis meiden bigon to bealden ham
ba+de & to +te cwen seide. Cwen icoren of iesu crist beo nu     #
stealewur+de
for +tu schalt stihen biuore me to drihtin in heouene.   
Ne beo +tu nawiht offruht for pinen +te feare+d for+d
in an honthwile for wi+d swucche +tu schalt buggen & bi+geote
<P 39>
+te +te endelease blissen. Ne dret tu nawt to leauen +tin 
eor+dliche lauerd for iesu crist +tet is king of +tt eche       #
kinedom.  
+te +gelt for +te false wurdschipe of +tis world; heoueriches
wunne. for +ting +tt sone ali+d; weole +tt a leste+d. Wende     #
+ta   
porphire to freinen +tis meiden hwucche weren +te meden   
& te endelese lif +tt godd haue+d ileuet his icorene for +te
luren & tis worl+dliche lif +tt ha leose+d for +te luue of      #
riht   
bileaue. Heo ontswerede & seide. Beo nu +tenne porphire  
stille & understont te   
[{C{]onstu bulden a bur inwi+d +tin heorte al abute bitrumet
wi+d a deorewur+de [^D'ARDENNE: adeorepur+de^] wal schininde    #
ant schenre of +gimstanes
steapre +ten is ei steorre. & euch bolt +trinwi+d briht
as hit bearnde & leitede al o leie & al +tt ter-in is           #
glistinde &   
gleaminde as hit were seoluer. o+der gold smeate. Isteanet
euch strete wi+d deorewur+de stanes of misliche heowes i-menget
to-+gederes isliket & ismaket as eni gles sme+dest bute   
sloh & slech eaueriliche sumerlich & alle +te burh-men   
seouesi+de brihtre +ten beo sunne gleowinde of                  #
[^D'ARDENNE: os^] euch gleo  
& a mare iliche glead for nawiht ne derue+d ham ne nawhit  
ne wonte+d ham. of al +tt ha wulle+d o+der mahe wilnin. alle
singinde somet ase lif-leoui euchan wi+d oder. alle pleinde
somet. alle lahinde somet eaueriliche lusti bute lungunge.
<P 40>
for +ter is a liht & leitinde leome. Ne niht nis +ter   
neauer ne neauer na newcin. ne eille+d +ter na mon now+der
sorhe ne sar. now+der heate ne chele. now+der hunger   
ne +turst ne nan of+tunchunge. for nis +tear nawt bittres 
ah is al beatewil swottre & swettre +ten eauer ei healewi. 
I +tt heouenliche lond i +tt endelese lif i +te wunnen &  
te weolen +turh-wuniende & monie ma murh+den +ten alle   
men mahten wi+d hare mu+d munien & tellen wi+d tunge.
+tah ha a talden. +te neauer ne limie+d now+der ne
ne leassi+d ah leaste+d a mare se lengre se mare. +gef +tu 
get wite wult hwucche wihtes +tear beon +tear as al +tis  
blisse is. +gef +tear is orcost o+der ei ahte; Ich +te          #
ontswerie;  
al +tt eauer oht is al is +ter iwer. & hwet se noht nis  
+tt nis +ter nohwer. +gef +tu eskest hwet oht; Nan eor+dliche
<P 41>
ehe ne mei hit seon ich segge ne nan eor+dliche eare
hercnin ne heren ne heorte +tenchen of mon & hure
meale wi+d mu+d hwet te worldes wealdent haue+d i+garket  
alle +teo +te him ariht luuie+d.   
[{P{]orphire ant auguste wor+den of +teos wordes se swi+de 
wil-cweme & se hardi for-+ti +tt ha hefden isehen sih+den  
of heouene; +tt ha wenden from hire abute +te midniht
+garowe to al +tt wa +tt ei mon mahte ham +garki to
drehe for drihtin. freineden porhphire alle his cnihtes 
hwer he hefde wi+d +te cwen iwunet & iwiket swa longe
of +te niht ant porphire ham seide. Hwer ich habbe iwiket 
ich on wel +tt +ge witen. for wel ow schal iwur+den. +gef 
+ge me wulle+d lustnin & leuen. for nabbe ich nawt teos  
niht i worldliche wecchen ah habbe in heouenliche iwaket  
+tear as me rihte bileaue. +tear me unwreah  
me +te wei +tt leade+d to +tt lif +ter me liue+d a i blisse 
buten euch bale. i wunne bute wa. for-+ti +gef +ge beo+d 
mine as under me isete. & wulle+d alle wi+d me in eche   
murh+de wunien; leaue+d to leuen lengre o +tes lease
maumez +te mearre+d ow & alle +teo +te ham to lute+d. ant  
wende+d to +te wealdent +te al +te world wrahte godd heouenlich
feader euch godes ful. & heie+d & herie+d his   
an deorewur+de sune iesu crist hatte ant te hali gast   
hare beire luue. +te lihte+d of ham ba & lime+d to-gederes 
swa +tt nan ne mei sundri from o+der. alle +treo an
godd al-mihti ouer-al. for he halt in his hont. +tt is  
wisse+d & wealt. +te heouene & te eor+de +te sea & te sunne &
<P 42>
alle ischepene +ting sehene & unsehene. +teo +te leue+d  
+tis so+d & leaue+d +tet lease. & buhsume & beisume hal+de+d
his heastes; he haue+d bi-haten ham. +tt he ham wule
leasten. +tt is blissen buten ende. i +te riche of heouene
ant hwa-se is se unseli +tt he +tis schunie; ne him neauer 
teone ne tintreohe trukien in inwarde helle. to longe   
we habbe+d idriuen ure dusichipes. ant he haue+d i+tolet  
us +te +tolemode lauerd ne we nusten hwet we duden
a +det he undutte us & tahte us treowe ileaue +turh +tt   
eadi meiden katerine +tt te king pine+d i cwalm-hus & +tenche+d
to acwellen. +tus he talede wel wi+d twa hundret cnihtes  
& wi+d ma +get +tt +geuen anan up; hare +geomere
bileaue & wurpen alle awei hare witlese lei & wenden to criste
[{C{]rist ne for-+get nawt +tt he ne nom +geme to hire +tt 
me heold +get as +te keiser het bute mete & mel i +te
cwarterne. Ah wi+d fode of heouene +turh his ahne engel  
i culurene iliche fedde hire al +te tweolf dahes as
he dude daniel +turh abacuc +te prophete i +te liunes leohe 
+ter he in lutede. Vre lauerd him-seolf com wi+d engles  
ant wi+d monie meidnes wi+d alle wi+d swuch dream & drihtfere
as drihtin deh to cumene. & schawde him & sutelede
him-seolf to hire-seoluen. & spec wi+d hire & seide.
Bihaldt me deore dohter. bihalt +tin heh healent
for hwas nome +tu hauest al undernume +tis newcin.
beo stalewur+de & stont wel ne +tearf +tu drede na de+d.  
for lo wi+d hwucche ich habbe idiht to do +te i mi kinedom 
+tt is +tin wi+d me imeane as mi leof-mon. Na +ting ne   
dret tu. for ich am eauer wi+d +te. do +tt me do +te. & monie 
schulen +turh +te. +get turne to me. wi+d +tis ilke steap 
<P 43>
up wi+d +tt heouenlich hird & steah into +te heouene
& heo biheolt efter hwil ha a mahte blisful & bli+de.
[{U{]nder +tis com +te +turs Maxence +te wedde wulf +te   
hea+dene hunt a+gein to his kineburh. +teos meiden
ine marhen wes ibroht biuoren him. ant he bigon to
uon on +tisses weis towart hire. +tis me were leouere +gef 
+tu wel waldest to habben & to halden +te cwic +ten to acwelle
+te. +tu most nede no+deles an of +tes twa curen cheosen  
anan-riht. libben +gef +tu leist lac to ure liuiende
godes. o+der +gef +tu nawt nult; +tu schalt dreoriliche deien.
[{+T{]is meiden sone anan him ontswerede & seide. lef me  
forte libbe swa +tt ich ne leose nawt him +tt is mi lif   
& mi leof iesu crist mi lauerd. Ne nawiht ne drede ich na 
de+d +tt ouer-gea+d for +tt endelese lif +tt he haue+d ilenet
me anan-riht +ter-efter. Ah +tu bi+tench me anan teonen  
& tintreohen +te alre meast derue +tt ei deadlich 
flesch mahe drehen & drahen for me longe+d heanewart.
for mi lauerd iesu crist mi deorewur+de leofmon luttel   
ear me haue+d ilea+det & wel is me +tt ich mot ba mi
flesch & mi blod offrin him to lake +te offrede to his   
feader for me & for al uolc him-seolf o +te rode.
[{H{]wil +te king weol al inwi+d of wread+de; com a             #
burhreue
as +te +tt wes +tes deofles budel belial of helle. cursates
hehte. & tus on heh cleopede. O kene king. O icudd
keiser. +get ne seh katerine nanes cunnes pine +tt ha oht 
dredde. do ido dede. Nu ha +tus +treate+d & +trepe+d a+gein
+te. Hat hwil ha wed tus inwi+d +te +treo dahes +garhin  
<P 44>
fowr hweoles & let +turh-driuen +trefter +te spaken & te  
uelien wi+d irnenne gadien swa +tt te pikes. & te irnene  
preones se scharpe & se sterke borien +turh & beore for+d  
feor o+tt o+der half +tt al +te hweoles beon +turh-spitet mid
kenre +ten ei cnif rawe birawe. let +tenne turnen hit   
tidliche abuten swa +tet katerine schal wi+d +tt grisliche      #
rune.   
hwen ha +ter bi-sit & bisi+d +ter-up-on. swiken hire sotschipes
& ure wil wurchen. O+der +gef +tt ha nule no; Ha
schal beo to-hwi+deret wi+d +te hweoles swa; in an hont-hwile.
+tt alle +te hit bihalde+d schule grure habben. +te king        #
hercnede  
his read & wes sone as he het +tes heane & tes heatele   
tintreoh itimbret & wes +te +tridde dei idrahen +tider   
as +te reuen weren eauer iwunet. & te king heold ta of   
+tis a meiden hise kine motes.
[{+T{]is pinfule gin wes o swuhc wise iginet +tt te twa         #
turden
eider wi+dward o+der. & anes weis ba+de. +te o+der twa turden
anesweis al swa ah to-+gein +te o+dre swa +tt hwenne +te  
twa walden keasten uppart. +ting +tt ha chahten; +te odre 
walden drahen hit & dusten dunewardes se grisliche igrei+det
+tt grure grap euch mon hwen he lokede +tron. Her
amidde wes +tis meiden iset forte al to-renden reowliche  
& reow+dfulliche to-rondin. +gef ha nalde hare read heren 
ne hercnin. Ah heo keaste up hire ehnen & cleopede towart 
heouene ful heh wi+d hire heorte ah wi+d steuene.
Al-mihte godd cu+d nu +ti mihte & meske nu +tin hehe
nome heouenliche lauerd. & forte festnin ham i treowe   
bileaue +te beo+d to +te iturnde. & Maxence & alle hise halden
<P 45>
ham mate. smit se smeordtliche her-to +tt al +teos fower 
hweoles to-hwi+derin to stucches. +tis wes unnea+de iseit 
+tt an engel ne com wi+d ferlich afluhte fleoninde adunewart
& draf +ter-to dun-riht as a +tunres dune & duste
hit a swuch dunt +tt hit bigon to cleaterin al & to cleouen.
to-bursten & to-breken as +tah hit were bruchel 
gles ba +te treo & tet irn & ruten for+d wi+d swuch rune  
+te stucchen of ba-+te bimong ham as ha stoden & seten   
+ter-a-buten +tt ter weren isleine of +tt awariede uolc fowr
+tusent fulle. +tear me mahte iheren +te hea+dene hundes  
+gellen & +geien & +guren on euch half. +te cristene kenchen
& herie +ten healent +te helpe+d hise ouer-al. +te
keiser al a-canget hef iloset mon drem & dearede
al a-dedet druicninde & dreori & drupest alre monne.
[{+T{]e cwen stot eauer stille on heh & bi-heolt al. hefde 
ihud hire a+det ta. & hire bileaue ihole +te +get. ne   
mahte na mare; Ah dude hire adun swi+de & for+d wi+dute   
fearlac o uet +tidewardes & weorp hire biuoren +ten
awariede wulf & +geide lut-steuene. wrecche mon +tet
tu hit art. hwerto wult tu wreastlin wi+d +te worldes           #
welalden.   
Hwet meadschipe make+d +te +tu bittre balefule 
beaste to weorri +te +tet wrahte +te & alle worldlich           #
[^D'ARDENNE: porldlich^] +ting.
Beo nu ken & cnawes of +tt tet tu isehen hauest. Hu
<P 46>
mihti & hu meinful. hu heh; & hu hali is +tes cristenes   
godd crist +tt ha herie+d. Hu wrakeliche wenest tu wule  
he al wra+de wreoken o +te wrecche. +te haue+d to-driuen  
wi+d a dunt & fordon for +te to-dei se feole +tusent. &  
Monie mid alle of +tt hea+dene folc +te alle weren isehene 
+tider forte seo +tis feorlich. Sone se ha +tis sehen. &        #
herden   
swa +te cwen speoken; alle somet turnden. & token to
+geien. Witerliche muche wur+d & wur+de alle wur+dschipe  
is +tes meidenes godd crist so+d godes sune ant to
him we kenni+d & cnawe+d to lauerd & to heh-healent             #
heonne-for+dwardes.
ant tine mix-maumez alle beon amanset.
for ha ne mahe now+der helpen ham-seoluen ne  
ham +tt ham serui+d. +te king walde weden swa him
gromede wi+d ham. Ah wi+d +te cwen swidest. biheolt hire 
heterliche & bigon to +treatin hire +tus. o +tisse wise.   
[{H{]v nu dame dutest tu. cwen a-cangest tu nu mid alle  
+tes o+dre? Hwi motest tu se meadliche? Ich swerie
bi +te mahtes of ure godes muchele. bute +gef +tu
+te timluker do +te i +te +gein-turn & ure godes grete   
+tt tu gremest nu+te; Ic schal schawin hu mi sweort bite  
i +ti swire. & leote to-luki +ti flesch +te fuheles of +te      #
lufte   
& +get ne schalt tu nower neh se lihtliche etsterten   
ah strengre +tu schalt +tolien. for ich chulle leote luken 
& teo +te tittes awei of +tine beare breosten. ant
+trefter do +te to de+d deruest +ting to drehen. Alle +tine
<P 47>
+treates ne drede ich q+d ha riht noht. Eauer se +tu mare 
wa & mare wene dest me for mi neowe leofmon +te 
ich on wi+d luue leue; se +tu wurchest mi wil & mi weole  
mare. do nu +tenne hihendliche +tt tu hauest on heorte. for
of me ne schalt tu bi+geote nawiht mare.
[{S{]one se he understot wel +tt he ne sturede hire nawt;  
het on hat-heorte unhendeliche neomen hire & bute
dom anan-riht +turh-driuen hire tittes wi+d irnene neilles 
& rende ham up hetterliche wi+d +te breost roten.
As +tes deoflel [\FOR deofles\] driueles drohen to fordon       #
hire; Ha biseh  
towart katerine ant seide. Eadi meiden ernde me to +ti leoue
lauerd for hwas luue ich +tolie +tt me bilimie+d me +tus.  
+tt he i +te tintreohe +tt ich am iturnt to heardi min heorte
+tt tet wake ules ne wursi neauer mi mod swa +tt ich earni  
to ofseruin heoueriche. +tt ich ne for-ga neauer
for fearlac of na pine +tt beo fleschlic +te crune +te crist    #
haue+d  
efter +tt tu cwiddest ileuet his icorene.  



<B CMMARGA>
<Q M1 NN BIL MARGME>
<N ST MARG>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  MARGARETE.
THE KATHERINE GROUP.
EDITED FROM MS. BODLEY 34.
BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE 
ET LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXV. 
ED. S. T. R. O. D'ARDENNE. 
PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITION "LES BELLES
LETTRES", 1977. 
PP. 62.8  - 73.14    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 81.12 - 93.12    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 62>
   [{L{]auerd in +te is al min hope. hald me 
mi wit wel swa & mi wil to +te. +tt hit ne forwur+de 
naut. for wa +tt me do me. ne for wele now+ter. 
ne lef +tu neuer mine fan +te feondes imene. 
habben ne holden hare hoker of me as ha walden. 
+gef ha ne mahten awarpen. Ah swa ne 
schulen ha neuer me ne nan o+der +tt ariht luuie+d 
+te he heouenliche lauerd. +tin nome beo iblescet. 
lauerd loke to me ant haue merci of me.
softe me mi sar swa & salue mine wunden +tt hit 
ne seme nohwer ne suteli o mi samblant +tt ich derf
drehe. +te cwelleres leiden se lu+derliche on hire 
lich +tt tet blod bearst ut & strac a-dun of hire 
bodi as streem de+d of welle.
   [{O{]librius +te lu+dere reue bute rew+de hwil me +gerddede
hire +tus +geomerliche +geide. stute nu & stew 
+tine unwitti wordes & hercne meiden mi read & wel 
+te schal iwur+den. Alle +te +tear weren wepmen & wummen 
<P 63>
remden of reow+de ant meanden +tes meiden 
& summe of ham seiden. Margarete Margarete. meide 
swa muche wur+d +gef +tu wel waldest. wa is us +tt we 
seo+d +ti softe leofliche lich to-luken se ladliche. 
weila wummon hwuch wlite +tu leosest & forletest 
for +ti mis-bileaue. +te reue is reowliche wra+d & wule 
iwis fordo +te. ah luue nu & lef him. & tu schalt
wummone meast wunne & weole wealden. O q+d ha 
wrecches unweoten bute wit. weila hwet wene ge? gef 
mi lich is toloken; mi sawle schal resten wi+d +te rihtwise. 
Sorhe & licomes sar is sawulene heale. Ah 
leue +ge [^D'ARDENNE: leuege^] ich reade ow; o +te liuiende     #
godd [^D'ARDENNE: +godd^] mihti & meinful. 
& euch godes ful. +te here+d +teo +te him cleopie+d 
to. & heouene-+getes opene+d. for ow nulle ich 
iheren. ne heien nan of ower godes. +te dumbe 
beo+d & deaue. & blinde & bute mihte. wi+d monnes 
hond imakede. Ah +tu wurchest q+d ha +ta. to olibrium 
+te lu+dere +tine feader werkes +te feondes of helle. 
Me +tu hea+dene hund +te hehe healent is min 
help. +gef he haue+d i+gettet te mi licome to teluken; 
he wule +tu heatele reue. arudde mi sawle 
ut of +tine honden & heouen hire into heouene. 
+tah +tu hongi me her. & tu grisliche gra. +tu 
<P 64>
lu+dere lim la+d godd. +ti mihte schal unmutlin. 
& melten to riht noht & [{t{]u schalt eauer i sar 
& i sorhe swelten. hwen ich gomeni wi+d +godd & 
gleadie buten ende. He o wra+d+de war+d for-neh 
ut of his witte. & het swi+de bitterliche hongin 
hire & heouen up herre +ten ha ear wes & wi+d 
sweord scharpe. & ewles of irne hire freoliche 
flesch to-ronden & to-renden. Ant heo biseh 
on heh up & bigon to seggen.
   [{H{]elle-hundes lauerd habbet bitrummet me. & hare 
read +tt heane+d me haue+d al biset me. Ah 
+tu hehe healent beo umbe me to helpen. Arude  
reowfule godd mi sawle of sweordes egge. & of
hondes hond. for nabbe ich bute hire ane. lowse  
me lauerd ut of +te liunes mu+d & mi meoke mildschipe
of +te an-ihurnde hornes. glede me godd 
wi+d +ti gleo & +gef me hope of heale +tt mi bone 
mote +turh-+turli +te heouene. Send me +ti sonde 
i culurene heowe. +te cume me to helpe. +tt ich mi 
mei+dhade mote wite to +te unwemmet & lef me 
+get i-seon lauerd +gef +ti wil is. +te awariede wiht 
<P 65>
+te weorre+d a+gein me. & cu+d +ti mahte on me 
al-mihti godd. +tt ich him ouercume mahe. swa
+tt alle meidnes eauer mare +turh me; +te mare 
trusten on +te. Beo +ti nome iblescet alre bleo 
brihtest. in alre worldene worlt aa on ecnesse:  
   [{H{]wil +tt ha spec +tus; me to-lec hire swa. +tt te        #
lu+dere
reue for +te stronge rune of +te blodi stream 
ne nan o+der +tt ter wes. ne mahte for muche 
grure; lokin +tiderwardes. ah hudden hare 
heafden +te heardeste i-heortet under hare mantles. 
for +tt seorfule sar +tt heo on hire isehen. 
+get spec & seide. Olibrius +te lu+dere. Hwet bihalt 
meiden +tt tu ne buest to me. ne nult habbe 
milce ne merci of +te-seoluen? +ge ne felest tu +ti
flesch al to-limet & to-luken. +turh +tt ich hit hate? 
ah buh nu & bei to me ear +ten +tu deie; 
o dreori de+d & derf. for +gef +tu ne dest no; +tu 
schalt swelten +turh sweord. & al beo limmel 
to-loken. Ant ich wulle tellen. hwen +tu al to-toren 
art. In euchanes sih+de. +te sit nu & si+d +te; 
alle +tine seonewen. 
   [{M{]e heateliche hund q+d ha +ta. +tah +tu al swa do; 
me schendest tu nawt. Hwen mi sawle bi+d biuoren 
godes sih+de in heouene; lutel me is hwet 
me do mid mi bodi on eor+de. Ah +te schulde scheomien. 
<P 66>
+tu scheomelese schucke. +gef +tu scheome  
cu+dest. +te +tulli mot haldest wi+d a +gung 
meiden. & spillest al +ti hwile & ne spedest nawiht. 
for +gef ich wrahte +te wil of +te flesch +tt tu 
fearest as +tu wult wi+d; mi sawle. schulde sinken 
al swa as +tu schalt. to sorhen in helle. ah for+ti 
ich wulle wel +tt mi flesch forfeare her. +tt 
softe iesu cruni mi sawle. i +te selh+den of heouene 
& efter domes-dei do ham ba to-+gederes. 
to weolen & to eche wunnen. +turh-wuniende. 
He se wra+d +tt for-neh wod ha walde iwur+den. 
bed biliues coste keasten hire i cwalm-hus. ant 
swa me dude sone. & wes as +tah hit were. +te  
seoue+de time of +te dei. +tet me droh hire +tus 
in to dorkest wan & wurst in to cumene & 
heo hef up hire hont & blecede al hire bodi wi+d 
+te taken of +te hali rode. As me reat hire inwart. 
ha bigon to bidden +teos bone to ure lauer+d
   [{D{]eore-wur+de drihtin +tah +tine domes dearne beon 
alle ha beo+d duhtie +tah alle heouenliche 
+ting & heor+dliche ba+te buhe+d +te & beie+d. +tu art 
hope & help to alle +tet te herie+d. +tu art foster 
& feader; to helplese children. +tu art weddede weole 
<P 67>
& widewene warant & meidenes mede. +tu art 
wunne of +te world iesu crist kinebern godd ikennet 
of godd. as liht is of leome. loke lauerd to me 
Mi lif mi luue mi leofmon. & milce me +ti meiden. 
Min ahne flesliche feader dude & draf me awei 
his an-lepi dohter. & mine freond aren me. for +ti 
luue lauerd famen & feondes. Ah +te ich halde healent 
ba for feader & for freont ne forlet to me nawt 
liuiende lauerd. Bihald me & help me. & lef me +tet 
ich mote legge mine ehnen o +te lu+dre unwhit +te 
weorre+d a+gein me. & lef me deme wi+d him drihtin 
of dome. He heane+d me & heate+d ant ich neauer 
nuste. +tt he ewt of min hearm eauer+gete hefde. 
Ah swuch is his cunde. & swa is ful of Atter his ontfule 
heorte. +tt he heate+d euch god. ant euch hali 
+ting & halewinde is him la+d. +tu art drihtin domesmon 
of cwike & of deade dem bituhen unc twa ne 
wra+d+te +tu +te mi wunne for sahe +tt ich segge for 
an +ting i biseche +te eauer & oueral. +tt tu wite to +te 
mi mei+dhad unmerret. Mi sawle from sunne. 
Mi wit & mi wisdom; from unwitlese wiht. In +te 
is min healent al +tt ich wilni. Beo +tu aa iblescet 
ordfrume & ende. bute ende ant ord; aa on ecnesse. 
<P 68>
   [{H{]ire uostermoder wes an +tt frourede hire. & com 
to +te cwalm-hus & brohte hire to fode bred & burnes 
drunch +tt ha bileuide. Heo +ta & monie ma 
biheolden +turh an eil+turl. as ha bed hire beoden 
& com ut of an hurne hihendliche towart 
hire an unwiht of helle on ana drakes liche se 
grislich +tt ham gras wi+d +tt sehen +tet unselh+de 
glistinde as +tah he al ouerguld were. His lockes 
& his longeberd blikeden al of golde & his grisliche 
te+d. semden of swart irn his twa ehnen. 
steareden steappre +ten +te steoren & ten +gimstanes. 
brade ase bascins. In his ihurnde heaued 
on ei+der half on his heh hokede nease. Of his 
speatewile mu+d; sperclede fur ut. & of his nease-+turles;
+treste smor+drinde smoke smecche 
forcu+dest. & lahte ut his tunge se long +tt he 
swong hire a-buten his swire. & semde as +tah a 
scharp sweord of his mu+d scheate. +te glistnede
<P 69>
ase gleam de+d & leitede al o leie. & al war+d 
+tt stude ful of strong & of stearc stench. & of 
+tes schucke schadewe. schimmede & schan al. He 
strahte him & sturede toward tis meoke meiden. 
& geapede wi+d his genow up-on hire ungeinliche 
ant bigon to crahien & crenge wi+d swire. as +te 
+te hire walde forswolhe mid alle. +gef ha agrisen 
wes of +tt grisliche gra; nes na muche wunder. 
Hire bleo bigon to blakien. for +te grure +tt grap 
hire & for +te fearlac offruht; for+get hire bone 
+tt ha ibeden hefde. +tt ha iseon moste +ten unsehene
unwiht. ne nawt ne +tohte +tron +tt hire nu were 
itu+det hire bone. Ah smat smeortliche a-dun 
hire cneon to +ter eor+de. & hef hire honden up 
hehe toward heouene wi+d +teos bone to crist +tus cleopede.
   [{U{]nseheliche godd euch godes ful hwas wread+de
is se gromful +tt helle ware & heouenes. 
& alle cwike +tinges cwakie+d +ter-a+geines. a+gein +tis 
eisfule whit +tt hit ne eili me nawt help me mi la-lauerd. 
+tu wrahtest & wealdest alle worldliche +ting. 
+teo +tt te heie+d & herie+d. in heouene & alle +te +tinges 
+te eardi+d on eor+de. +te fisches +te i +te flodes fleote+d 
wi+d finnes. +te flihinde fuheles +te fleo+d bi +te lufte 
<P 70>
& al +tt iwraht is wurche+d +tt ti wil is. & halt +tine         #
heastes  
bute mon ane. +te sunne recche+d hire rune wi+d-uten 
euch reste. +te mone & te steorren +te walke+d bi +te 
lufte ne stutte+d. ne ne studegi+d. ah sturie+d aa 
mare ne nohwider of +te wei +tt tu hauest iwraht 
ham ne wrenche+d. ha neaure. +tu steorest +te seastrem. 
+tt hit flede ne mot fir +ten +tu merkest. +te 
windes. +te wederes. +te wudes. & te weattres buhe+d +te 
& bei+d. feondes habbe+d fearlac. & engles of +tin eie. 
+te wurmes & te wilde deor +tt o +tis wald wunie+d libbet       #
efter 
+te lahe +tt tu ham hauest iloket luuewende lauerd ant 
tu loke to me & help me +tin hondiwerc. for al min 
hope is o +te. +tu herhedest helle & ouercome ase kempe +te 
acursede gast +te funde+d to for-do me. ah her me nu 
& help me. for nabbe ich i min nowcin nanes cunnes 
elne bute +tin ane. Wi+d +tis uuel wite me. for ich truste 
al o +te. & ti wil iwur+de hit deorwur+de lauerd +tt ich +turh 
+ti streng+de mahe stonden wi+d him. & his muchele ouergart 
+tt ich hit mote afeallen. low he funde+d swi+de 
me to for-swolhen & wene+d to beore me in-to  
his balefule hole +ter he wune+d inne. Ah 
o +tin bliffule nome ich blesci me nu+de. & droh 
<P 71>
+ta ende-long hire & +twertouer +trefter +te 
deorewur+de taken. of +te deore rode +tt he on 
reste. ant te drake reasde to hire mid tet 
ilke. & sette his sariliche mu+d. & unmea+dlich 
muchel on heh on hire heaued & rahte ut his 
tunge to +te ile of hire helen & swengde hire 
in & forswelh into his wide wombe. Ah criste to 
wur+dmund & him to wra+der-heale. for +te rode 
taken redliche arudde hire +tt ha wes wi+d iwepnet 
& war+d his bone sone. swa +tt his bodi to-bearst 
o-midhepes o twa. Ant +tet eadi meiden allunge 
unmerret. wi+d-uten eauer-euch wem wende  
ut of his wombe heriende on heh hire healent 
in heouene.
   [{A{]s ha biheold lokinde up-on hire riht half. 
+ta seh ha hwer set an unsehen unwiht. muche
deale blackre +ten eauer eani blamon. Se 
grislich se ladlich. +tt ne mahte hit na mon redliche 
areachen. & his twa honden to his cnurnede 
cneon heteueste ibunden. & heo +ta ha seh 
+tis. feng to +tonkin +tus ant herien hire 
healent. 
   [{B{]rihtest bleo of alle +tt eauer weren iborene. 
blostme iblowen & iboren of meidenes bosum 
iesu. god+d godes bearn iblescet ibeo +tu. Ich am  
<P 72>
gomeful & glead lauerd for+ti godlec keiser of 
kinges; drihtin undeadlich. +tu haldest & heuest 
up treowe bileaue. +tu art welle of wisdom. & euch 
wunne waxe+d. & awakene+d of +te. +tu art englene weole 
+tt wealdest & witest. ham wi+d-uten wonunge. Me 
gomene+d & gleade+d. al of gafteliche murhden. 
Me mihti godd makeles is +tt eani wunder? +ge iseo 
ich lauerd blowinde mine bileaue. Ich habbe isehen 
hu +te feond +te wende to fordo me; to-feol efne atwa. 
& felde hu his fule stench strac & sturede aweiwart. 
Ich habbe isehen +te wurse of helle her awarpen. 
& te monslahe islein. +te stronge +turs 
astoruen. Ich habbe isehen his ouergart & egede 
orhel earheliche auellet. Ich habbe isehe +te rode 
+te arudde me se redliche of his reowliche rake hu 
ha +tt balefule wurm & +tt bittre beast makede to bersten. 
Ich habbe isehen hali & halewende eoli as hit lihte 
to me. & ich me-seolf smelle of +te swote iesu swottre 
+ten eauer eani +ting +tt is on eor+de. Ich habbe sehen 
blisse & ich blissi me +trof. iweole. & i wunne is nu +tet 
ich wunie. Ne nes me neauer se wa; as me is wel
nu. +te ich hit +toncki +tolemode lauerd. Ich habbe adun 
<P 73>
+te drake i dust. & his kenschipe akest. ant he swelte+d 
+tt me wende to forswolhen. Ich am kempe 
& he is crauant & ouercumen. Ah +te ich +tonki 
+trof +te kingene king art echeliche icrunet. 
Sorhfule & sari & sunfule toturn. wondrinde & 
wrecches & wonlese wisent. castel of streng+de 
a+gein +te stronge unwiht. Meidenes murhde. & 
martyrs crune. mel-seotel softest & guldene 
+gerde alre gold smeatest. ant glistinde +gimstan 
of alle seheliche & unseheliche ba. swotest & swetest 
alre schefte schuppent. +trumnesse +treouald 
& anuald +te-hwe+dere. +trile i +treo hades. & an  
in an hehschipe. heh hali god+d euch godes ful  
beo +tu eauer & aa iheret & iheiet bute limunge. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 81>
   [{S{]tew +te q+d ha sari whit. & sei me hwer +tu wunest 
meast. of hwet cun +tu art ikumen of. & ti 
cunde cu+d me. & +turh hwas heaste heane +ge hali 
men. & hearmi+d & weorri+d hare werkes. Ah 
sei me seli meiden. hweonne is +te ilenet i +tine 
leo+debeie limen. se stealewur+de streng+de? of hwet 
cunde kime+d +te +ti luue & ti bileaue. +tt lei+d 
me se lahe? Cu+d me nu & ken me hwi +te worldes 
wealdent wune+d wummon in +te. & hu he 
com in-to +te. & ich chulle makie +te war of alle 
mine wiheles. Steu +te & stille beo q+d ha of +tin 
easkunge. +ge nart tu nawt wur+de awariede fulwiht. 
to here mi steauene. Ant hure to understonden.  
se dearne & se derf +ting of godes dihelnesse. 
<P 82>
Ah hwet se ich am. & hwuch-se ich am +turh 
godes grace ich hit am. Wil-+geoue unoseruet. 
+tt he haue+d me i+gettet. for+gelde hit him-seoluen. 
Ah swi+de cu+d me & ken +tt ich easki efter. +ge q+d 
he ich mot nede. 
   [{S{]athanas +te unseli +te for his prude of parais.
lihte se lahe; he is keiser & king icrunet of 
us alle. Ant hwerto schulde ich telle +te & wi+d talen 
tealen lufsume leafdi of ure cunde. & ure cun +tt 
tu cost +te-seolf iseon i iamemes & i manbres bokes 
ibreuet. Swuch fearlac ich fele for sih+den +tt ich 
iseo crist seche to +te. +tt speoken i ne dear nawt. Ah 
diueri. & dearie drupest alre +tinge. +tah hwen +tu 
wult witen; we liuie+d bi +te lufte al +tet measte 
deal eadi meiden. Ant ure weies beo+d abufen wi+d 
+te windes. ant beo+d aa wakere to wurchen al +tt 
wa +tt we eauer mahe moncun. & mest rihtwise 
men & meidnes as +tu art. for iesu crist godes bern 
wes of meiden iboren. & +turh +te mihte of 
meidhad wes moncun iborhen. bi-numen & bi-reauet 
us al +tt we ahten. Nu +tu wast leafdi +tt tu 
wite waldest. hwer we meast wunie+d. & hwi we meast 
heane+d & heatie+d +te meidnes. +get +gef +tu wite wult 
hwi we weori+d meast rihtwise +teines? Ich +te onswerie. 
for onde +tt et aa & eauer ure heorte. we witen 
ha beo+d iwrahte to stihen to +tt stude. +tt we of feollen. 
& us +tunche+d hokerlich & swi+de holes +trof. 
<P 83>
swa +tt teone ontent us. & we iwurde+d wode +turh 
+te grome +tt us grome+d aa wi+d +te gode for +tt 
is ure cunde +tt i +te schulde kennen. beon sorhful 
& sari for euch monnes selh+de. gomenin 
hwen he gulte+d. ne neauer mare ne beo gleade 
bute of uuel ane. +tis is ure cunde makelese
meiden. Ah deore drihtines lomb leo+de me a lutel. 
& leowse leafdi +ti fot +te sit me se sare. Ich 
halsi +te o godes half heh heouenlich feader. 
& o iesues nome his an sulliche sune. +tt mon ne 
wummon ne mahe neauer mare heonne-uor+d 
warpe me heonne. Ah +tu brihte burde bind me 
on eor+de. & ne warp +tu me nawt neo+der in-to 
helle. for Salomon +te wise hwile he her wunede; 
bitunde us in a tunne & comen babilones men.
& wenden forte habben golthord ifunden & tobreken 
+tt feat & we for+d & fulden +ta +te widnesse 
of +te worlde. 
   [{S{]tille beo +tu stille. q+d ha earmest alre +tinge. 
ne schalt tu alde schucke motin wi+d me
mare. Ah flih sorhfule feond of min ehsih+de. 
& def +tider as +tu mon ne derue namare. wi+d 
+tt illke +te eor+de to-tweamde. & bitunde him. & 
he rarinde rad ruglunge in-to helle. 
   [{I{]ne marhen sende hise men olibrius +te lu+dere 
<P 84>
to bringen. hire biuoren him. & heo blescede 
hire & com baldeliche for+d. striken men +tiderward 
of eauer-euch strete for to seo +tt sorhe +tet 
me walde leggen on hire leofliche bodi. +gef 
ha to +te reues read ne buhe ne ne beide. 
   [{M{]eiden q+d he Margarete. +get ich bidde & bodie. 
+tt tu wurche mi wil & wur+dgi mine maumez. 
& te tide & te time schal beon iblescet +tt 
tu ibore were. Nai q+d ha ne kepe ich nawt +tt 
me blesci me swa. Ah hit were +ti +gein & ti god 
ba+de. +tt tu +te geast unblescet efter blesceunge 
ga & heie godd al-mihti heh heouenliche feader 
& his selcude sune iesu crist +tt is so+d mon & go+d 
no+deletere. Ah +tu witlese wiht wurchest as +tu art
wur+de; blodles & banles. dumbe & deaue ba+de. & 
+get tu wurchest wurse. for +te unsehene unwihtes 
wunie+d ham in-wi+d. Ant tu ase +tine lauerdes. luuest ham &    #
heiest [^D'ARDENNE: heieft^]
   [{H{]im bigon to gremien 
& o grome gredde. Strupe+d hire steort-naket 
& heoue+d hire on heh up; Swa +tt ha hongi to mede 
of hire hokeres & on-tende+d hire bodi wi+d bearninde 
teaperes. +te driueles unduhtie swa duden 
sone. +tt te hude snawhwit swartede as hit snercte. 
& bearst on to bleinin as hit aras ouer-al & hire 
leofliche lich reschte of +te leie swa +tt alle remden.
<P 85>
+tt on hire softe siden sehen +tt rew+de. Ant heo 
bigon to bidden daui+des bone. heh healent godd 
wi+d +te halewende fur of +te hali gast moncune 
froure. froure min heorte. & te lei of +ti luue 
leiti i mine lenden. +get him cwe+d olibrius reuene lu+derest.
   [{L{]ef meiden mi read wurch +tt 
ich wilni. Ear +ten +tu +tt lif lu+derliche lete. Lu+derliche
ich liuede q+d ha +gef ich +te ilefde. Ah +gef 
ich +tus deie? mi dea+d is deorewur+de & dure in-to 
eche liue. +tu swenchest te swi+de. & ne spedest 
nawhit. forte wurchen on me meiden an +tt ich am. 
Ah wergest +te-seoluen mi lauerd haued mine limen 
sunderliche iseilet. & haue+d to mi +gimstan +tt 
ich +gettede him i+garket & i+geue me kempene 
crune. +ta war+d he swi+de wod & bed o wre+d+de bringen 
for+d A uetles ful of weattre. & binden hire ba+te 
+te fet & te honden & dusten to +te grunde. +tt ha 
deah drohe & druncnede +terinne. Me dude as he don 
het. & heo biheold on heh up & cleopede towart heouene. 
   [{A{]lre kingene king brec mine bondes 
+tt ich & alle +tt so+d hit. heien +te & herien. +tis weater
<P 86>
mote iwur+de me wunsum & softe. & lef me +tt 
hit to me; beo bea+d of blisse. & fulluht of fontstan. 
halhunge & leome. of eche lif. heale. Cume 
+te haligast o culures iliche +te o +ti blisfule nome 
blesci +teos weattres. festne wi+d fulluht mi sawle 
to +te-seoluen. & wi+d +tes ilke weattres wesch me 
wi+d-innen. & warp from me a-wei eauer-euch
sunne. & bring me to +ti brihte bur brudgume 
of wunne. Ich underuo her fulluht o deore drihtines 
nome & on his deorewur+de sunes. & o +tes hali 
gastes on godd i godlec itunet & unto-dealet. Nefde 
bute iseid swa; +tt al +te eor+de ne bigon to cwakien 
& to cwauien. & com a culure beornind se briht 
as +tah ha bearnde a guldene crune. & sette hire 
o+tt seli meidenes heaued. wi+d +tt ilke breken & bursten 
hire bondes & heo ase schene ase schininde 
sunne wende up of +te weater singinde a loftsong. 
+tt daui+d +te witege wrahte feor +ter-biuoren 
criste to wurdmunt mi luf-sume lauerd. q+d ha he 
cude+d ase king +tt he rixle+d ariht. feierlec & 
streng+de. beo+d hise schrudes. & igurd he is ham 
on; +tet acumeliche fearen & semliche sitten. 
   [{C{]vm q+d +te culure wi+d schilinde steauene. ant 
<P 87>
stih to +te wunne & to +te weole of heouene.  
Eadi were +tu meiden. +ta +tu chure mei+dhad. +te 
of alle mihtes is cwen. for-+ti +tu schalt. aa bruken 
in blisse buten ende crunene brihtest.
   [{O{] +tt ilke time turden to ure lauerd; fif +tusent
men +get wi+d-uten itald children & wummen.
& alle weren anan-riht as +te reue 
het hit o cristes kinewur+de nome hefdes bicoruen. 
In a burh of armenie caplimet inempnet. 
alle heriende godd wi+d up-aheue steuene; 
& stihen alle martyrs wi+d murhde to heouene.
   [{+T{]e reue rudnede al of grome se him gromede 
& ward swa wra+d & swa awed; +tt he al o wodschipe
demde hire to dea+te. & het on hot-heorte 
+tt me hire heued wi+d schimminde [^D'ARDENNE: schimmnde^]      #
& scharp sweord 
wi+d blikinde & bitel brond to-tweamde from 
+te bodie. leiden honden on hire +teo +te ihaten 
weren & bunden hire +tt tet blod bearst ut et 
te neiles. & wi+d-ute +te burh. ledden to biheafdin. 
   [{M{]eiden q+d Malcus streche for+d +tt swire scharp 
sweord to underuon. for ich mot +ti bone beon. 
& +tt me is wa uore. +gef ich mahte +ter-wi+d. 
for ich iseo godd seolf wi+d his eadie engles 
bitrumme +te abuten. Abid me +tenne bro+ter 
<P 88>
q+d ha hwil +tt ich ibidde me. & biteache him mi 
gast & mi bodi ba+de. to ro; & to reste. I bide 
+te baldeliche. hwil +te god like+d. & heo bigon 
on hire cneon forte cneolin adun. & bli+de wi+d 
+teos bone ber on heh iheuen up honden towart heouene. 
   [{D{]rihtin leodes lauerd duhtie. +ttah ha dearne 
beon. & derne +tine domes. me is nu dea+d 
idemet her. & wi+d +te; lif ilenet. +ti milde milce 
ich +tonki hit +tu folkes feader of frumscheft 
schuptest a+tt ischepen is. +tu wisest wurhte of 
alle. merkedest +te heouene & mote wi+d +ti strahte 
hond. & wi+d +te icluhte +te eor+de. +tu steores mon 
of sea-stream. +tu wissent & wealdent of alle 
wiht +te iwrahte beo+d seheliche ant unsehene. 
buh +tine earen healent godd. & bei to mine 
benen. Ich bidde & biseche +te; +tt art mi weole & 
wunne. +tt hwa-se eauer boc writ of mi lif-lade. 
o+der bi-+get hit iwriten o+der halt hit & haue+d. 
oftest on honde. o+der hwa-se hit eauer rede+d o+der 
+tene redere. bli+deliche luste+d wealdent of heouene 
wur+de ham alle sone hare sunnen for-+geuene. 
<P 89>
Hwa-se on mi nome make+d chapele o+der 
chirche. o+der finde+d in ham liht; o+der lampe; 
+te leome +gef ham lauerd. & +gette him of heouene. 
I +tet hus +ter wummon pine+d o childe; Sone se 
ha munne+d +ti nome. & mi pine lauerd; lauerd hihendliche
help hire & her hire bene. ne i +te hus 
ne beo iboren. na mis-limet bearn now+der halt 
ne houeret. Now+der dumbe ne deaf ne ideruet 
of deofle. & hwa-se eauer mi nome munege+d wi+d 
mu+de. luueliche lauerd. et te lelaste. dom ales him. from      #
dea+de. 
   [{W{]i+d +tis +ta +tuhte hit as +tah 
a +tunre dunede. & com a culure se briht 
as +tah ha bearnde. of heouene. wi+d a rode leitinde 
of liht & of leome. & te meiden duuelungc 
feol dun to +ter eor+de. & com +te culure ant ran 
hire & rihte up; wi+d +te rode. & seide hire sweteliche 
to wi+d swotest a steauene. Eadi art tu meiden 
bimong alle wummen. +tt eoli halwende hauest 
& halsum isoht efter. & alle sunfule men 
imuneget i +tine benen. & i +tine eadie beoden. Bi meseolf 
ich swerie. & bi min heouenlich hird. +tt tine 
beoden beo+d +te treoweliche itu+det. & for alle +teo 
<P 90>
iherd; +te +tu uore ibeden hauest. & muche mare 
is i+geuen to +teo +te munie+d +ti nome. & i+gettet 
moni +ting; +tt nu nis nawt imuneget. Hwerse
eauer +ti bodi. o+der ei of +tine ban beon. oder 
boc of +ti pine; cume +te sunfule mon. & legge 
his mu+d +ter-up-on; ich salui him his sunnen. 
ne ne schal nan unwhit wunien in +te wanes. +ter 
+ti martyrdom is iwriten inne. & alle of +te +tus 
schulen gleadien i godes gri+d. & i gasteliche luue 
& alle +te +te bidde+d to +garkin ich +getti ham of hare 
bruchen bote. & tu art eadi & te stude +tt tu on restet. 
Ant alle +teo +te +turh +te schulen turne to me. 
Cum nu for ich kepe +te brud to +ti brudgume. Cum 
leof to +ti lif. for ich copni +ti cume. brihtest bur 
abitt te leof hihe +te to me. Cum nu to mi kinedom. 
leaf +tt leode se lah. & tu schalt wealde wi+d 
me. al +tt ich iwald ah. 
   [{+T{]e steuene stutte & heo stod up alre burde 
blidest. & bigon to bidden +teo +te hire abuten
weren. & hire dea+d bi-wopen. +tt ha schulde +tolien.
leote+d nu & leaue+d ower ladliche nur+d. & gleade+d 
alle wi+d me. +te me god unnen. for +ge habbe+d iherd. 
+gef +ge hercneden riht. Hwet te hehe healent 
haue+d me bihaten. Ant as +ge luuie+d ow-seolf leofliche 
<P 91>
ich ow leare. +tt +ge habben mi nome muchel 
ine munde. For ich chulle bidden for +teo 
bli+deliche in heouene. +te ofte munne+d mi [^D'ARDENNE: ni^]   #
nome. 
& munege+d on eor+de. wi+d bli+de heorte beore+d me 
genge for te herien +te king +tt haue+d icore me 
worldes wurhte. & wealdent of alle iwrahte +tinges. 
+te ich +tonki +trof. +te ich heie & herie heouenliche 
healent. for +ti deorewur+de nome ich habbe 
i-drohe nowcin. & neome dea+d nu+de. ant tu nim  
me to +te; godd of al +tt god is ordfrume & ende. 
Beo +tu aa iblescet & ti blisfule sune iesu crist bi 
his nome. wi+d +te hali gast +tt glit of inc ba+de. 
+ge +treo ant tah an; in hades to-tweamet, in
hehschipe unto-dealet iteit & itunet an godd unagin.
wurdschipe & wur+dmunt wur+de to +te ane 
from worlde in-to worlde aa on ecnesse.  
   [{E{]fter +teos bone +ta beah ha +te swire. & cwe+d to
se cwellere. Do nu bro+der hihendliche +tt te is
ihaten. Nai q+d he nulle ich no. for ich habbe 
iherd hu drihtines deore mu+d haue+d wi+d +te imotet. 
+tu most q+d +te meiden nedunge don hit. for 
+gef +tu ne dest no; ne schalt tu habbe wi+d me dale 
[^THE PRECEDING LINE FROM THE COMPUTER TAPE UNDERLYING 
D'ARDENNES'S EDITION: IN THE PRINTED EDITION LINE 9 ERRONEOUS^]
in heoueriche. Ant he wi+d +tt hef up hetelest alre 
wepne ant smat smeotliche a-dun +tt te dunt defde 
<P 92>
in. & +tt bodi beide & +tt scherpe sweord scher  
hire wi+d +te schuldren & beah to +ter eor+de. & te 
gast steah up to +tt istirrede bur bli+de to heouene.  
He +te +tene dunt +gef; +geide mit tet ilke. Drihtin 
do me merci. & milce of +tis dede of +tis sunne 
lauerd loke me salue. & feol of fearlac adun 
on hire riht-halue.  
   [{C{]omen lihtinte +ta +te engles of leome. & seten 
ant sungen on hire bodi bilehwit & iblesceden 
hit. +te feondes +te +ter weren deadliche idoruen. 
fengen to +geien. Margarete meiden. leo+de 
nu+de lanhure. & lowse ure bondes. we beo+d wel 
icnawen. +tt nis na lauerd bute godd. +te +tu on leuest. 
Turnden +ta +turh +tis to crist swi+de monie. 
Ant comen dumbe & deaue to hire bodi as hit 
lei. & botneden alle. +te engles as ha beren +te 
sawle in hare bearmes; sihen towart heouene. 
Ant sungen ase ha stuhen up wi+d sweteste steuene. 
(\Sanctus Sanctus Sanctus Dominus deus sabaot. & cetera.\) Hali
is. Hali is. +te lauerd of heouenliche weordes.
<P 93>
heouene is ful & eor+de of +tine wur+tfule weolen.
Alre wihte wealdent. in hehnesse heal us; Iblescet 
beo +te bearnnes cume. +te com i drihtines nome. 
heale in hehnesse. wi+d +tt; +ta bigunnen +te gastes 
of helle to +teoten. & to +gellen. & tuhen alle 
to hire bodi +te untrume weren; & hefden hare heale. 



<B CMJULIA>
<Q M1 NN BIL JULME>
<N ST JULIANA>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  JULIANE.
THE KATHERINE GROUP.
EDITED FROM MS. BODLEY 34.
BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE
ET LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXV.
ED. S. T. R. O. D'ARDENNE.
PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITION "LES BELLES LETTRES", 1977.
PP. 94.17 - 127.23^]

<P 94>
   I +te feaderes & i +te sunes & i +te hali gastes
Nome; Her Biginne+d +te lif-lade. ant te
passiun of seinte Iuliene. 
   In ure lauerdes luue +te feader is of frumscheft. 
ant i +te deore wur+dmunt of his deorewur+de sune. 
& i +te heiunge of +te hali gast. +te of ham 
ba glide+d. an godd unagin euch godes ful.
Alle leawede men. +te under-stonden ne mahen  
latines ledene; lide+d & luste+d +te liflade of a meiden. 
<P 95>
+tt is of latin iturnd; to englische leode. wi+d +ton 
+tt teos hali leafdi. in heouene luuie us +te mare. 
& +turh +tis lihinde lif; leade us to +tt eche. +turh
hire eadi erndunge. +tt crist is swi+de icweme.
   +Teos meiden & teos martyr +tt ich of munne;
wes Iuliene inempnet. i Nichomedese burh.
Al of hea+dene cun icumen & a-kennet. & hire 
fleshliche feader affrican hehte. +te heande &
heascede mest men +te weren cristene. & droh ham
+turh derue pinen to dea+de. Ah heo as +teo +tt te 
hehe heouenliche lauerd hefde his luue ilenet. leafde
hire ealdrene lahen & bigon to luuien +ten
aa liuiende go+d +te lufsume lauerd. +tt schupte alle 
scheaftes & wealde+d & wisse+d efter +tet his wil
is. al +tt ischeapen is.
   Wes i +ton time as +te redunge telle+d. +te modi
Maximien keiser i rome. heriende. & heiende  
hea+dene maumez. wi+d unimea+d muchel hird. &
wi+d heh duhe+de. & fordemde alle +teo +te o drihtin 
bilefden. +tes mihti maximien luuede an 
eleusium biuoren monie of his men. A-kennet  
<P 96>
of heh cun. & swi+de riche of rente. & +gung 
mon of +geres. +tes +gunge mon eleusius. +tt +tus wes  
wel wi+d +te king. hefde iunne feolahschipe to
affrican. & wes iwunet ofte to cumen wi+d him
to his in. & iseon his dohter. 
   As he hefde en-chere bihalden swi+de +georne
hire utnumme [^D'ARDENNE: utnunme^] feire. & freoliche          #
+guhe+de; 
felde him iwundet in-wi+d in his heorte 
wi+d +te flan +te of luue fleo+d. swa +tt him +tuhte
+tet ne mahte he nanes-weis wi+d ute +te 
lechnunge of hire luue libben. ant efter
lutle stomde wi+d-ute long steuene. wes himseolf  
sonde to affrican hire feader. & bisohte
him +georne +tt he hire +geue him. & he hire
walde menskin wi+d al +tt he mahte. as +te +ting
i +te world +tt he meast luuede. Affrican wiste 
+tt he wes swi+de freo iboren. ant walde wel bicumen 
him a freo iboren burde. & +getede
him his bone. Ha wes him sone ihondsald  
+tah hit hire unwil were. Ah ha truste upon 
him +tt ne truked na mon. ha trewliche 
him truste on. & eode to chirche euche dahe+des
dei. to leornin godes lare. biddinde +georne 
wi+d reowfule reames. +tt he wissede hire  
o hwuche wise ha mahte witen hire mei+dha+d
from mones man vnwemmet. 
   Elewsius +tt luuede hire +tuhte sw+de longe +tt  
<P 97>
ha neren to brudlac & to bed ibrohte. ah
heo forte werien hire wi+d him summe hwile;
sende him to seggen. +tt nalde ha nawt lihten
se lahe to luuien. Ne nalde ha neolechin
him for na liuiende mon. ear-+ten he  
were. under Maximien. hehest i Rome. +tt 
is heh-reue. He ase timliche as he hefde
iherd +tis. bi+get ed te Keiser +tet he +gette 
him al +tt he walde. & lette as me luuede +ta
leaden him i cure up-o fowr hweoles. & teon
him +geonte tun +tron from strete to strete.
al +te cure ouertild +tt he wes itohen on;
wi+d purpres & pelles. wi+d ciclatuns & cendals 
& deorewur+de cla+des. As +te +tt se heh
+ting hefde to heden. ant se riche refschipe  
to rihten & to readen. +ta he hefde
+tus idon. sende hire +tus to seggen hire  
wil he hefde iwraht. Nu his ha schulde
wurchen. Iuliene +te eadie iesu cristes leofmon
of his blisfule luue balde hire-seoluen & sende  
him al openliche bi sonde to seggen -  
+tis word ha send te for nawt +tu hauest i-swechte.
wrea+de se +tu wrea+de. Do +tt tu do wult nule
ich ne ne mei ich lengre heolen hit te +gef 
+tu wult leauen. +te lahen +tet tu liuest in ant
<P 98>
leuen i godd feader & in his deorwur+de sune. 
& i +te hali gast folkene froure. an godd  
+tt is igret wi+d euches cunnes gode; Ich chule
wel neome +te. & +gef +tt tu nult no; +tu art 
windi of me. & o+der luue sech +te. +ta +te hehe  
reue iherde +tis ondswere; bigon to wre+den swi+de.
& cleopede hire feder for+d. & feng on to tellen. 
hwuch word ha sende him. Efter +tt he wende forte
habben idon al +tt he wilnede. Affrican hire feader
wundrede him swi+de. & bigon to swerien. bi +te ilke  
godes +tt me is la+d to gremien. beo hit so+d +tt tu seiist; 
to wra+der heale. ha seh+d hit. Ant ich wulle o
great grome al biteachen hire +te. & tu do hire.  
al +tt tu wult. He +tonkede him. & heo wes icleopet
for+d. & affrican hire feader feng on earst
feire on; to lokin +gef he mahte wi+d eani luue  
speden. Iuliene q+d he mi deorewur+de dohter. sei 
me hwi +tu. forsakest +ti sy & ti selh+de? +te weolen  
& te wunnen. +te walden awakenen. & waxen of 
+te wedlac +tt ich reade +te to. hit nis nan e+delich
+ting. +te refschipe of rome. Ant tu maht +gef +tu
wult. beon burhene leafdi. & of alle +te londes +te 
+ter-to ligge+d. Iuliene +te eadie ontswerede him 
<P 99>
& seide. +gef he wule luuien. & leuen godd. al-mihti; 
+tenne mei he +trof. & speden inohrea+de. for +gef he
+tt nule no; ich segge +te +tt so+d is. ne schal he wiuen 
on me. Sei nu hwet ti wil is. affrican wrea+dede &
swor swi+de deopliche. for +te drihtfule godd apollo
mi lauerd. & mi deore leafdi +te deorewur+de diane +tt  
ich muche luuie. +gef +tu haldest her-on; ich schal
leote wilde deor to-luken & toteore +te & +geoue +ti
flesch fode to fuheles of +te lufte. Iuliene him ondswerede.
& softeliche seide. Ne lef +tu nawt leoue  
feader +tt tu offeare me swa; ich swerie a+gein. +te
iesu crist godes sune. +tt ich on leue. & luuie as              #
leoflukest. 
& lufsumest lauerd. +tah ich cwic beo forbearnd
ba+de lim & li+d ileitinde leie. Nulle ich +te
her-onont. +treate se +tu +treate buhe ne beien.  
   [{A{]ffrican feng eft on. & to fondin ongon +gef
he mahte eanis-weis wi+d olhnunge wenden hire  
heorte. & leoftede luueliche. & seide hire sikerliche.
+tt ne schulde ha lihtliche wilni na wunne; +tt
ha ne schulde wealden. wi+d +tenan +tt ha walde hire 
wil wenden. Nai q+d ha +tt nis nawt. schulde ich do 
me to him. +tt alle deoflen is bitaht. & to eche dea+d
fordemet. to forwur+de wi+d him worlt buten ende i +te  
putte of helle? for his wedlackes weole o+der for ei 
wunne. To so+de ich hit segge +te. vnwur+d hit is 
me. Ich chulle +tt he wite hit ful wel. & to eke mid
<P 100>
al; ich am to an iweddet +tt ich chulle treowliche wi+dute
leas luuien. +tt is unlich him & alle worltliche  
men. ne nulle ich neauer mare him lihen ne leauen. 
for weole ne for wunne. for wa ne for wontrea+de
+tt +ge me mahen wurchen.
   Hire feader feng on to wrea+d+din swi+de ferliche 
& easkede hire hokerliche. Ant hwet is he +tes
were +tt tu art to iweddet. +tt tu hauest wi+d-ute me
se for+d +ti luue ilenet - +tt tu letest lutel. of al +tt 
tu schuldest luuien. Ne ich nes neauer +tt ich 
wite +get. wi+d him icnawen. for gode q+d +te meiden  
+tin hearm is +te mare. Nawt for-+ti +tt tu
nauest iherd of him +gare. +tt is iesu godes sune.
+tt forte alesen moncun +tt schulde beon forloren
al; lette lif o rode. Ich ne seh him neauer 
& +tt me of-+tunche+d. Ah ich him luuie & wulle 
don & leue on as o lauerd. Ne schal me firsen 
him from. Now+der deouel ne mon. for mi  
lif q+d hire feader +te schal la+din his luue. for 
+tu schalt habbe +trof hearm & scheome ba+de 
& nu +tu schalt on alre earst. as on ernesse  
swa beon ibeaten wi+d bittere besmen. +tt tu  
were wummon of wummone bosum to wra+der 
heale eauer iboren i +te worlde. Swa muche q+d
<P 101>
+tt meiden ich beo him +te leouere. se ich derfre  
+ting for his luue drehe +tu +tt ti wil is. +ge
q+d he bli+deliche. Ant swi+de heatterliche. strupen  
hire steort-naket. & legge+d se lu+derliche
on hire leofliche lich; & hit li+deri o blode.
Me nom hire & dude swa +tt hit +geat adun of 
+te +gerden. ant heo bigon to +geien. Beaten se
+ge beaten +ge beliales budeles. ne mahe +ge now+der 
mi luue ne mi bileaue lutlin towart te  
liuiende godd mi leofsume leofmon. +te luuewur+de  
lauerd. ne nulle ich leuen ower read +te forreade+d
ow-seolf. ne +te mix maumez +te beo+d +tes 
feondes fetles; heien ne herien. for teone ne 
for tintreohe +tt +ge me mahe timbrin. Na nult
tu q+d affrican. hit schal sone sutelin. for ich chulle
sende +te nu & biteache +ti bodi to eleusium 
+te riche +tt reue is ouer rome. ant he schal +te forreaden.
& makie to forswelten. as is ahne wil 
is +turh al +tet eauer sar is.
   +Ge q+d +tis meiden +tt mei godd welden. ne mahe
+ge nawt do me bute +tet he wule +teauien & +tolien  
ow to donne to mutli mi mede & te murh+de  
+tt li+d to mei+dhades menske. for eauer se +ge 
nu her mearre+d me mare; se mi crune schal 
<P 102>
beon brihttre ba & fehere. for +ti ich chulle 
bli+deliche & wi+d bli+de heorte drehen eauer-euch
derf. for mi leofmones luue +te lufsume lauerd
& softe me bi+d euch sar in his seruise. +tu wult  
+tu seist a+geoue me to eleusium +te lu+dere. a+gef
me for nawiht ne +geoue ich for inc now+der. +tet 
+ge mahen ane pine me here. Ah hit ne hearme+d
me nawt ah helpe+d & heue+d up & make+d mine 
murh+des monifalde in heouene. ant +gef +ge do+d
me to dea+d. hit bi+d deore to godd. & ich schal  
bli+de bicumen to endelese blissen. ant +ge schulen
wrecches wei ower wur+des. +tt +ge weren i +te worlt
iboren & i-broht for+d se wra+der heale +ge schule
sinken adun to sar & to eche sorhe. to bitternesse 
ant to bale deope into helle. 
   [{A{]ffrican hire feader bitterliche iteonet bitahtte
hire eleusium +te lu+dere reue of rome & lette  
bringen hire biuoren his eh-sih+de. as he set 
& demde. +te hehe burh-domes. As he biseh & biheold 
hire lufsume leor lilies ilicnesse & rudi ase  
rose. & under hire nebscheft al se freoliche ischapet;  
weorp a sic as a wiht +tt sare were i-wundet. His 
heorte feng to heaten & his meari mealten +te
<P 103>
rawen rahten of luue +turh euch li+d. of his limes. 
& inwi+d bearnde of brune swa & cwakede as 
of calde. +tet him +tuhte in his +tonc. +tet ne bede  
he i +te worlt nanes cunnes blisse; bute hire bodi  
ane. to wealden hire wi+d wil efter +tt he walde. & bigon
wi+d swotnesse soffte to seggen. 
   [{M{]i lif & mi leofmon. & leafdi +gef +tu wel wult ase 
[\A LEAF IS MISSING BETWEEN PRESENT FOLIOS 40 AND 41\]
tu for na sclhaht +te sonre seo me slakien to
luuien & to leuen o +ten liuiende godd al-re 
gume lauerd.
   [{+T{]e reue feng to rudnin igrome of great
heorte. & het his hea+dene men strupin hire
steort-naket. & strecchen o +ter eor+de. &
hwil +tt eauer six men mahten idrehen beaten hire 
beare bodi. +tt ha al were bigoten of +te blode.  
Ha duden al as he bed. & hwil +tt ha beoten
hire; bigunnen to +geien. +tis is a biginnunge 
of +te sar +tt tu schalt; & of +te scheome drehen;
+gef +tu nult to ure wil buhen & beien. Ah +get
+tu maht +gef +tu wult burhe +te seolfen. ant 
+gef +tu mare wi+d seist? alre monne wur+de
<P 104>
him wurst of wa & of wontrea+de +te ne wurche
+te meast. 
   [{D{]o+d q+d ha deofles limen al +tt te deoflen hwas         #
driueles +ge
beo+d driue+d ow to donne. lutel me is of ower 
luue. leasse of ower la+d+de. & of +tes +treates
riht noht; wite +ge hit to wisse. Nu cweden ha. 
wa him +te ne fondi to-dei for te wurche +te 
wurst. +ter wes sorhe to seon on hire freoliche
flesch hu ha ferden +ter-wi+d. Ah heo hit al 
+tuldeliche +tolede for drihtin. & hwen ha felde 
meast sar; sikerlukest seide. Halde+d longe  
ne leaue +ge neauer. for nulle ich leauen his  
luue. +tt ich on leue. ne for luue. now+der ne 
for lu+der eie.
   [{E{]leusius iherde +tis. & feng his neb to rudnin  
ant tendrin ut of teone. & hehte swi+de neomen 
hire & teon bi +te top up; & swa me dude sone. 
swa +tt ha hongede feor from +ter eor+de. bi +te uax 
ane. & leiden +ta se lu+derliche on hire on euch 
halue; +tt euch dunt defde in hire leofliche 
lich +te +get of +te +gerden al o gure blode.
lauerd godd almihti q+d ha loke to +ti meiden. 
+tu fondedest abraham & fundest him
treowe. lef me +tt ich mote. +te treowliche luuien. 
Halt me healent min iesu crist godes sune as +tu 
hauest bigunnen. for nam ich strong of na 
+ting buten of +ti streng+de. & o +te i truste al;  
<P 105>
& nawt o me-seoluen. Ant her ich bihate +te.
swuc hope ich habbe to +tin help. milde godd 
al mihti. ne schal neauer mi luue. ne mi bileaue
towart te lutlin ne lihen. for na derf ne 
for na dea+d; +tt ich schule drehen. 
   [{+T{]a eleusius seh +tt ha +tus feng on to festnin hire
seoluen i so+de bileaue; +tohte he walde don hire 
anan ut of dahene. & bed biliue bringen 
for+d brune wallinde bres. & healden hit se wal
hat hehe up on hire heaued. +tt hit urne enddelong
hire leofliche lich dun to hire helen. 
Me dude al as he het. Ah +te worldes wealdent
+tt wiste sein iuhan his ewangeliste unhurt  
i +te ueat of wallinde eoli +ter he wes i-don
in. +tt ase hal com up +trof; as he wes hal meiden. 
+te ilke liues lauerd. wiste him unwemmet. 
his brud of +te bres +tt wes wallinde. swa +tt ne
+tuhte hit hire buten ase wlech weater al +tt
ha felde. Eleusius wod +ta nuste hwet segen.
Ah hehte swi+de don hire ut of his eh-sih+de. &
dreaien in-to dorc-hus to prisunes pine ant  
swa ha wes idon sone.  
   [{H{]eo as ha +trinne wes i +teosternesse hire ane. feng 
to cleopien to crist & bidde +teos bone. lauerd
godd al-mihti mi murhde & mi mede. mi
<P 106>
sy & al +te selh+de. +tt ich efter seche +tu sist al
hu ich am bistea+det & bistonden. festne mi  
bileaue. Riht me & read me. for al mi  
trust is on +te. Steor me & streng me for 
al mi streng+de is of +te. Mi feader & Mi moder
for-+ti +tt ich nule +te forsaken; habbe forsake me.
& al mi nestfalde cun. +tt schulde beo me best freond;
beo+d me meast feondes. & mine in-hinen;
alre meast heamen. herewur+de healent. habbe
ich +tin anes help. ich am wil-cweme me for-leaf 
+tu me nawt luuiende lauerd. as +tu biwistest daniel
bimong +te wode liuns i-latet se lu+dere. & te 
+treo children +te chearre nalden from +te lahen  
+tt ha schulden luuien. Ananie & Azarie & Misahel
inempnet. As +tu al-wealdent biwistest ham  
unwemmet. wid +tt ferliche fur i +te furneise.
swa +tu wunne of +te worlt wite me & were &  
witere. & wisse +turh +ti wisdom to wite me wi+d
sunne. lauerd liues lattow. lead me +turh +tis lease.  
+tis lutle leastinde lif; to +te hauene of heale.
as +tu leaddest israeles leode of egipte bute schip 
dru-fot +turh +te reade sea. & asenchtest hare 
uan +te ferden ham efter. & tu folkes feader. 
aual mine va-men. & tu drihtin to-drif +te
deouel +tt me derue+d. for ne mei na monnes streng+de 
<P 107>
wi+d-uten +tin stonden him to-+geines. les
me +tt ich mote mihti meinfule godd i-seon
him ischeomet +get +te wene+d me to schrenchen. 
& schunchen of +te nearowe wei +tt 
leade+d to eche lif. loke me from his la+d liuiende 
lauer+d. Make me war & wite me wi+d his 
crefti crokes. +tt ha me ne crechen. were me
swa wi+d +ten vnwine. helpleses heale. +tt tu beo  
iheiet & iheret eaure in eor+de. as in heouene. 
Beo +tu aa iblescet lauerd as +tu were ant art
& schalt beon in eche. 
   As ha +teos bone hefde ibeden; com a kempe of 
helle on englene heowe. & feng on to motin +tus
wi+d his meiden. Iuliene mi leofmon +tu hauest for  
mi luue muchel idrohen & idrahen +tu hauest  
feorliche fan +tt te fehte+d a+gein. ha grei+di+d +te 
o grome nu alles cunnes pinen. ne mei ich +tolien. 
+tt ha +tus mearren +te na mare. +tu art inoh
ifondet & tu hauest Mi freondschipe inoh swi+de
of-seruet. Me areowe+d +ti sar. Ah nu+de mi read. 
wurch eleusius wil. for ich +te +geoue leaue. 
   +Tes Meiden wes a-wundret swi+de of +tes wordes. &  
as ha wes ofsearet; feng on to freinin. Hwet 
wiht q+d ha art tu. +tt +tulli word me bringest. Ich 
hit am q+d +te unwiht. godes heh-engel. forte segge
<P 108>
+te +tis isent te from heouene. Ha wundrede  
hire swi+de. & as +teo +te nes nawt of lihte bileaue. stille 
bute steauene on heh in hire heorte cleopede 
to criste. 
   Iesu q+d ha godes sune +tt art +ti feader wisdom wisse
me +ti wummon hwet me beo to donne. & +gef +ti deore  
wil is do me to understonden. +tt +te +tt +tis sei+d me +gef  
he beo +ti sonde. & com sihinde adun softe from 
heouene. a steuene +tt seide Iuliene. +te eadie 
iblescet beo +te time. +tt tu ibore were. nule nawt 
+ti leofmon +tolie na leas +ting to lihe +te longe. 
Hit is +te stronge vnwiht +te stont ter of helle.
Ga nu neor & nim him. & wi+d +te bondes +tt ter beo+d 
bind him heteueste. Godd al-mihti +geue+d +te mahte 
forte don hit. & tu schalt leaden him al effter 
+tt te like+d. & he schal al telle +te vn+tonc in his te+d 
+tt tu wilnest to witen. & kenne +te & cu+den al +tt tu  
easkest. +tis eadi meiden as ha wes iwisset +turh
+ten engel; leop to & ilahte him. & seide. sei me  
swi+de. hwet tu beo & hweonene. & hwa +te hider 
<P 109>
sende. ant he wi+d +tt ilke feng to hwenden heowes.
ant war+d swuch as he wes vnhwiht of helle.  
leafdi q+d he leaf me. & ich chulle seggen. Do swi+de
sei me for ich chulle lowse +te & leten hwen 
me +tunche+d.
   Deore leafdi. q+d he +ta ich hit am +te deouel belial 
of alle unwreste unwhihtes +te wurste & meast
awariet. for nis me neauer wel ne nes; bute hwen 
ich makede moncun to wurche to wundre. Ich
hit am. +tt weorp ut adam & eue; of paraise selh+de.  
& ich hit am +tt makede caym +te acursede
acwalde his bro+der abel. ant ich hit am +tt makede 
nabugodonosor. +te kene king of caldey makien
+te maumez igoten al of golde. ant ich  
hit am +tt makede +tt te +treo children icoren ouer +te 
o+tre; weren idust to fordon i +tet ferliche fur of 
+te muchele ouen. Ant ich hit am +tt makede +ten 
muchele witti witege ysaie. beon isahet +turh
& +turh to dea+de. And ich hit am +tt makede to ontenden
ierusalem. & godes deore temple to-driuen al 
to duste. Ant ich hit am +tt makede. & readde israeles  
folc to leauen i +te wildernesse. +te lauerd +tt alesde ham
of pharaones +teowdom. & makeden ham godes
igotene. to heien & to herien. Ant ich hit am. +te 
reafde +te riche Iob his ahte. swa +tt he weolewede 
<P 110>
of wontre+de i +te mixne. ant ich hit am +tt sum  
chearre wes +turh +te wise Salomon ethalden. Ant 
ich hit am +tet makede sein iuhan +te baptiste beon 
heafdes bicoruen. & seinte stephene isteanet. 
Ant ich hit am +tt spec +turh simunes mu+d. +te wicche. 
+te weorrede eauer a+gein peter & pawel. Ant 
ich hit am +te readde nerun +te riche keiser of rome
to don o rode peter. & to biheafdin pawel. ant
ich makede +te cniht to +turlin godes side wi+d scharpe  
speres ord. +tah ich talde aldei; +get ich mahte
tellen. for ma wundres ich habbe iwraht; +tene ich  
mahte munien. & ma monne bone ibeon; +ten 
ei of mine brre+dren.  
   Do sei me q+d +te mei+den. hwa sende +te to me; ant hwa
is meister ouer +te. leafdi q+d he belzeebub. +te balde
+turs of helle. Hwet is q+d ha his werc. & hwet wurche+d
he mest; leafdi +gef +ti wil is. he ifint euch uuel 
& bi+tenche+d hit al. & sende+d us +tenne +tider As
him +tunche+d. & hwen we nawt ne spede+d ne ne
mahen wrenchen sum rihtwis of +te weie; we
dearie+d & ne durren nohwer cume biuoren him.
& he heterliche hat +teo +tt habbe+d iwraht efter his 
wille. Hwer-se ha us ifinden. beaten us. & binden & 
don us mare wa on; +ten ei mon mahte +tolien. for
+ti we moten leafdi buhen swi+de & beien to ure luuewr+de
feader. & wurchen alle his willes.
<P 111>
   Sei q+d ha witerluker +get. hu +ge wurchen & o hwuche 
wise +ge bichearre+d godes children. leafdi q+d he  
Iuliene +te ich font. & habbe ifolhet me to wra+der 
heale; Ich wende iwis to leade +te into +tine ealdrene
lahen. & makie to leauen +te luue of +ti lauerd. Ant 
feng on to fondin +te. ah ich am aueallet. Ich chulle
kenne +te nu al +tt tu easkest Hwer-se we eauer
iseo+d mon o+der wummon eani god biginnen;
we wepni+d us a+gein ham & Makie+d iswiken al +tt 
best mahte wenden hare heorte ant Makien ham 
to +tenchen +tohtes +ter-to-+geines. & wende+d to o+der  
willes +tt ham wulle+d hearmin. & makie+d ham
forte leose lust. forte bidde +georne +tt godd bineome
ham +te wil; +tt we in ham warpe+d & unstrengi+d 
+ter-wi+d. & we strenged +ter-wi+d on ham 
al ear ha lest wenen. & +gef we seo+d ham +geornliche 
sechen to chirche. & ter swi+de bi ham-seolf 
bireowsin hare sunnen. & leofliche lustnin hali
chirche lare. +ter we beo+d +getten bisiliche ham
abuten. & mare +ter +ten elles-hwer to letten
ham +gef we mahen. & wrenchen hare +tonkes towart
unnette +tinges. Ah hwucche-se beo+d se 
<P 112>
stealewur+de: +tt ha understonden ham & warpe+d
ut wi+d streng+de; ut of hare heorte. unwreaste
willes +tt ich ham in warpe. & +geornliche +gei+ge+d
efter godes grace to help & to heale. & +tenne 
meast hwen +te preost in-wi+d +te messe note+d 
godes licome +tt he nom of +tt la+dlese meiden:
+ter is riht bileaue. & in-wardliche bonen swa 
icweme to godd. +tt i +tt ilke time we biginne+d 
to fleon & turne+d to fluhte +tis is al +tt we
do+d i cristemen & eggi+d eauer to vuele. 
   Me +ge eateliche wihtes. q+d +tt eadi wummon. 
hu durre +ge eauer neomen ow to cristes. icorene; 
Me sei me seli meiden q+d he hu derst
tu halde me & hondlin se heterliche
bute +tuh +tt tu art trusti o +ti lauerd. & ich
do as +tu dest. truste o mi lauerd +tt is meister  
of alle mixschipes & wurche his wil ouer al ase for+d  
as i mei. & +gef ich mahte for+dre ich walde beo +te  
feinre. ah nat i hwet vnseli si+d makede me her to sechen.  
bute mi muchele unselh+de sohte +te to seonne.  
wumme aa +tt sih+de se sariliche hit sit me. ne set me 
neauer na +ting se lu+dere ne se sare. wei hwi nefde  
ich i-wist. hwuch weane me wes towart. Ne mi kinewur+de 
<P 113>
feader ne cu+de nawt warnin of +tulli wa his
foster. forlet me nu leafdi & ich chulle al bileaue
+te. & folhin an o+ter. o+ter ich chulle forwreie +te to
meinfule feader. Ah wel ich warni +te uore. hit nis  
nawt +tin bi-heue. O q+d ha Iuliene iesu cristes leofmon  
+treates tu me wrecche? +te schal iwur+den godd 
hit wat godes +te wurse. & grap a great raketehe  
+tt ha wes wi+d ibunden. & bond bihinden his rug  
ba twa his honden. +tt him wrong euch neil & blakede 
of +te blode. & duste him ruglunge adun  
riht to +ter eor+de. & stondinde o +te steorue nom 
hire ahne bondes & bigon to beaten +ten belial  
of helle. & he to rarin reowliche. to +guren
ant to +gein. & heo leide on se lu+derliche +tet
wa wes him o liue.
   [{O{] mi leafdi Iuliene q+d he euening wi+d apostel.  
patriarchen ilich. & leof wi+d alle martyrs. englene
feolahe. & archanlene freon+d fri+de  
ane hwhile ich halsi +te o godes half. & on his sune
rode. +tt we se muchel +drede+d. & o +te pine & o +te dea+d.  
+tt he droh for moncun milce haue & merci wummon of
mi wrecchedom
   [{S{]tew +te steorue of helle. q+d +tt eadie meiden. Merci 
<P 114>
nan nis wi+d +te. for-+ti ne ahest tu nan milce to 
ifinden. Ah sei me swi+de. mare of +te wa +tt tu hauest 
& of woh i-wraht mon. leafdi leaf +te hwile. & hald  
+tine eadi honden. Ich habbe iblend men & ibroken  
ham +te schuldren. & te schonken. i fur iwarpen 
ham & i water. & hare ahne blod ich habbe ofte imaket
ham to spitten & to speowen. & te an to sclein 
+ten o+ter. & a-hon him-seoluen. Me witti wummon.  
hu wult tu +tt ich endi +te. +te tale +te waxe+d aa as ich
telle. Se feole ich habbe i-fulet of +teo +te neren iblescet
nawt se wel as ham bihofde; +tt ne mahte hit 
na mon rikenin ne reden. of al +tt uuel i +te world. 
hwet wult tu wurse. ich am of +te sprunges. +te
an +tt hit meast of springe+d. ne neauer adet tis dei 
nes ich +tus ihondlet. O +te mihte of mei+dhad as +tu 
art iwepnet to weorrin a-+gein us. +get tu wurchest
us wurst of al +tt us wade+d as +tu dudest eaure. Ah  
we schule sechen efter wrake on alle +teo +tt te biwite+d.  
ne ne schulen ha neauer beo sker of ure weorre. 
we wulle+d meidenes a mare heanen & heatien.
& +tah Monie etsterten us summe schulen stutten.  
O iesu godes sune. +te hauest +tin hehe seotel o  
mei+dhades. mihte. hire to muche menske. wa wurchest  
tu us +ter-wi+d. to wel +tu witest ham +te treowliche 
<P 115>
habbe+d hire in heorte forte halden. +gef
ha milde & meoke beon as meiden deh to beonne.  
wi+d +tt he +tis hefde iseid; bigon swa te +guren +tt 
monie weren awundret. hwet tet +gur were.  
   [{E{]leusius +te reue het lokin +gef ha liuede. & bringen    #
[^D'ARDENNE: brngen^] 
hire biuoren him. +gef ha were oliue. Heo +te 
weren ihaten for+d & funden hire +tus. & of +tt grisliche
gra weren agrisen swi+de. leadden hire +tah for+d.
& heo leac eauer efter hire +ten laddliche of helle
+tt olhnede swi+de. & bed tus & bisohte. Mi leoue leafdi
Iuliene ne make +tu me nawt men to hutung
ne to hokere. +tu hauest ido me wa inoh +tah +tu
ne do me wurse. Ich habbe wumme forloren mi leoue  
feaderes freontschipe. Ne neauer mare her-on-uuen  
ne der ich cumen biouren him. Mihti meiden  
leaf me o godes half ich halsi +te. +ge beo+d cristene
men. +gef hit is so+d +tt me sei+d. merciable & milzfule. 
& tu art bute reow+de. Haue merci of me for  
+te lauerdes luue. +ti luuewur+de leofmon leafdi i +te
bidde. & heo leac him eauer endelong +te cheping champmen  
to huting. & heo leiden to him sum wi+d
stan. sum wi+d ban. & sleatten on him hundes. ant
leiden to wi+d honden.
   [{A{]s he wes imaket tus earmest alre +tinge & berde 
as +te ful wiht. +tt ter flue monie. se +tt eadi wummon  
<P 116>
wergede sumhwet. & reat hit wi+d +te raketehe
vnrudeliche swi+de. & weorp him for+d from hire awei 
in-to a put of ful+de. com baldeliche for+d biuore 
+te reue as he set on his dom-seotle schiminde hire
nebscheaft schene as +te sunne. +te reue +ta he 
seh hire: +tuhte muche sullich & bigon to seggen. 
Iuliene sei me & beo so+d-cnawes. hwer were +te itaht 
+teose wicche-creftes. +tt tu ne telest na tale of 
nanes cunnes tintreohe. ne ne dredest now+der dea+d
ne cwike deoflen.  
   [{H{]er me hea+dene hund q+d +tt eadi meiden. Ich heie
& herie godd feader. & his sulliche sune iesu crist  
hatte & te hali gast. godd as +te o+tre +treo. & nawt
+treo godes. Ah is eauer an. & ihwer untweamet.  
He kempene king haue+d to-dei. ouercumen 
helles bule belial baldest of alle. & ti sire sathanas  
+tt tu leuest up-on. & ti feader hatest. & his 
heaste for+dest. & wel bi-seme+d +te to beon. & bikime+d
to beo streon of a swuch strunde. Ah eauer
beo acurset colt of swuch cunde. +te mihti mildfule
godd +tt ich aa munne. +gef me mihte of heouene  
him forte hearmin. & te forte schenden. 
& makien to scheomien. +tt schalt swucche
<P 117>
schuken. heien & herien. weila as +tu were iboren  
wrecche o wra+de time. +tt ti sari sawle. & ti sorhfule 
gast. schal wi+d swucche ploiueren pleien in 
helle. Reue a-reow +te-seoluen. vnseli mon bisih  
+te. hei godd & her me. iesu is se milz-ful +tt  
he walde bli+de-liche heouenes heale to alle. Ah hwa  
se o bote ne gea+d ne schal he beon i-borhen.
   [{+G{]e q+d eleusius haldest tu +getten up-o +ti +guhelunge.
wenest tu +tt we beon se e+d to biwihelin.
Ah we schulen iseo nu. for hit schal sone sutelin  
hu +ti wichecreft schal wite +te. & werien. & lette  
o wodiwise a swi+de wunderlich hweol meten. & makien  
ant +turh-spitien hit al wi+d spaken & felien
+ticke & +treofalt wi+d irnene gadien. kene to keoruen. 
al +tt ha rinen to; ase neil-cniues. & stod +te 
axtreo istraht o twa half in-to stanene postles.  
+tt hit. as hit turnde. ne ouer-toke nohwer bineo+den 
to +ter eor+de. grisen him mahte +tt sehe hu hit  
gront in-to hwet-se hit of-rahte.  
   [{M{]e brohte hire uor+d as beliales budel bet & bunden  
hire +ter-to hearde & heteueste. he dude 
on ei+der half hire. fowre of hise cnihtes. forte 
turnen +tt hweol wi+d hondlen imaket +tron o +tt eadi 
meiden se swi+de as ha mahten. & het o lif. & o leomen
swingen hit swiftliche. & turnen hit abuten.
<P 118>
& heo as +te deouel spurede ham to donne. duden 
hit unsperliche. +tt ha bigon to broken al as +tt istelede  
irn strac hire in. ouer-al. & from +te top to +te 
tan. aa as hi turnde. to-limede hire & to-leac li+d  
ba & lire. bursten hire banes. & +tt meari bearst ut 
imenget wi+d +te blode. +ter me mahte iseon alre sorhene 
meast +te i +tt stude stode. 
   [{A{]s ha +geide to godd. & walde a+geouen hire gast  
in-to his honden; se +ter lihtinde com an engel 
of heouene. & reat to +tet hweol swa +tt hit al to-reafde. 
bursten hire bondes. & breken alle clane. & heo
ase fischhal as +tah ha nefde nohwer hurtes ifelet.
feng to +tonki +tus godd wi+d honden up aheuene.
   [{D{]rihtin undea+dlich. an godd. almihti alle o+tre 
unlich. heouene wruhte. & eor+des. & alle iwrahte
+tinges +te ich +tonki to-dei alle +tine deden. +tu makedest
mon of lame. & +geue him liuiende +gast ilich
to +te-seoluen. & settest for his sake al +tt i +te worlt
is. Ah he forgulte him anan +turh +te eggunge  
of eue. & wes iput sone ut of paraise selh+den. weox 
swa his team her. ne mahte hit na mon tellen.  
Ah swa swi+de hit sunegede. +tt tu hit forsenctest al 
in noees flod bute eahte +tt tu fri+dedest. +tu chure 
<P 119>
seo+d+den i +te alde lahe abraham & isaac. Iacob &
his children. & +geue to ioseph. +tt wes +te +gungeste  
hap i pharaones halle. longe +ter-efter +tu leddest
+turh moyses +tt tu se muchel luuedest. bute brugge
& bat. +turh +te reade sea al his cunredden 
+tear as al pharaones ferde fordrencte. & feddest ham
fowrti +ger i +te wildernesse. wi+d heouenliche fode. & 
wurpe under hare uet. hare fan alle. & brohtest ham  
+turh iosue. into ierusalemes lond +tt tu ham bihete.  
+ter wes i Samueles dei. Saul +te forme king kempene  
icorenest. In an weorre as he wes. +tu dudest i +te  
lutle daui+d +te selh+de. +tt he slong & of-sloh wi+d a 
stan to dea+de +te stronge Golie. & readdest him to
rixlen i saules riche. +tus +tu makest milde godd 
alle +teo muchele; +te makie+d ham meoke. & +teo
+te hei+d ham her: leist swi+de lahe. +trefter +ta +te
+tuhte i+tonket hit beo +te. lihtest hider to us of
heouenliche leomen. & nome blod & ban i +tt meare  
meiden. & were i be+dleem iboren moncun to heale.
& to +te hirden schawdest te +tt te engles to  
+te tahten & of +te +treo kinges were kinewurdliche 
iwurdget. weoxe & wrahtest wundres. Ah ear +tu were  
ioffret & wi+d lac a-leset. & i iordanes flum of 
<P 120>
sein iuhan ifulhet; +tu healdest alle un-hale. & te
deade. of dea+de. Aleast as +te bi-luuede lettest an of 
+te tweolue +tt tu hefdest icoren. chapi +te. & sullen.  
& +toledest pine. & passiun. +turh giwes read o rode.  
deidest. & were idon dead. i +truh of stane. stepe adun. 
& struptest. & herhedest helle. Arise. & +tin ariste
cuddest +tine icorene. & stuhe abuue +te steorren 
in-to +te heste heouene. & kimest king o domes  
dei. to deme cwike. & deade. +tu art hope of heale.
+tu art rihtwises weole. & sunfules salue. +tu art an
+tt al maht. & nult nawt bute riht. I-blescet beo +tu. 
eaure. +te ah eauer euch +ting heien & herien. &  
ich do deore drihtin +ti meiden an +tt ich am. & luuie
+te to leofmon luuewende lauerd. +tt hauest se muche  
for me iwraht. wi+d-ute mine wur+des. Beo mi blisfule
godd wi+d me. & wite me wi+d +te deoueles driueles.  
& wi+d hare creftes. wurch +get swucche wundres 
for +ti deorewur+de nome. +tt te reue rudni & scheomie
wi+d his schucke. & tu beo aa iwurdget as +tu art wur+de
wur+dmunt from worlde into worlde. Amen wi+d-uten ende. 
   [{W{]i+d +tis as ha stute stoden +te cwelleres. & +geiden    #
lud
steuene. Mihti lauerd is +te. +tt Iuliene on leue+d.
ne nis na godd buten he; we beo+d wel icnawen. Reue
us reowe+d ure si+d +tt we se longe habbe+d ileuet  
+tine reades. & wenden alle anesweis a-bute fif hundret  
+te stoden & +geiden alle in a steuene. luuewur+de 
wummon. we wende+d alle to +tt godd. +tt tu on trustest.  
<P 121>
forlore beo +tu reue wi+d false bileaue. & iblescet beo
crist. & alle his icorene. do nu deadliche on us al +tt tu 
do maht. make us reue anan-riht misliche pinen  
on-tentd fur & feche hweol. grei+de al +tt const 
grimliche bi-+tenchen. for+de al +ti feaders wil +tes feondes
of helle; to longe he heold us as he halt te nu+de.
Ah we schulen heonne-for+d halden to iesu godes kinewur+de  
sune moncun alesent. swa +te reue gromede
+tt he gristbetede wod he walde iwur+den. & sende o  
wodiwise for+d to maximien. +te mihti caisere of rome
her-of; hwet he readde. & he ham het euch fot
heafdes bikeoruen. fif hundret italt of wepmen 
& of wimmen an hundret & +tritti +trungen euchan 
biuoren o+der forte beo bihefdet & ferden alle martyrs 
wi+d murh+de to heouene.  
   [{E{]leusius +te hwile lette his men makien a muche fur
mid alle. & bed binden hire swa +te fet & te honden. 
& keasten hire in-to +te brune cwic to for-bearnen.
As ha lokede up. & seh +tis lei leiten; biheolt towart
heouene. wi+d honden a-heuene. & +tus to crist cleopede.  
   [{N{]e forleaf +tu me nawt nu i +tis nede lauerd of liue.
Mild-heortfule godd milce me +ti meiden. & mid  
ti softe grace salue mine sunnen. iesu mi selh+de ne 
<P 122>
warp +tu me nawt ut of +tin ehsih+de. bihald me ant
help me. & of +tis reade lei reaf & arude me. swa +tt
tes unseli ne +turue nawt seggen. +ti lauerd +tt tu
leuest on. & schulde +ti scheld beon. hwer is he  
nu+de. ne bidde ich nawt drihtin +tis for dea+des drednesse.
Ah false swa hare lahe. & festne i +tine icorene
treowe bileaue. schwau nu mihti godd +ti meinfule  
mahte. & hihendliche iher me ihei+get & ihere
aa on ecnesse.
   [{N{]efde ha bute iseid swa; +tt an engel ne com se briht
as +tah he bearnde. & to +tt ferliche fur. i +tt lei lihte 
& acwente hit anan. eauer-euch sperke. & heo stod unhurt
+ter amidheppes heriende ure healent wi+d  
heheste steuene. +te reue seh hit acwenct & bigon 
to cwakien. se grundliche him gromede. & set te
balefule beast; as eauer ei iburst bar. +tt grunde his
tuskes. & fen on to feamin. & gristbeatien grisliche 
up-o +tis meoke meiden. & +tohte wi+d hwuch mest
wa. he mahte hire awealden. & het fecchen a ueat.
& wi+d pich fullen. & wallen hit walm-hat. 
& het warpen hire +trin. hwen hit meast were 
iheat & wodelukest weolle.
   [{A{]s me dude +trin. ha cleopede to drihtin. & hit
<P 123>
colede anan. & war+d hire ase wunsum as +tah 
hit were a wlech bea+d iwlaht for +ten anes in for  
te bea+dien. & smat up a+gein +teo +te i+garket hit
hefden. & forschaldede of ham as hit up scheat; 
alle italde bitale. seoue si+de tene. & for+dre +get fiue. +ta 
+te reue +tis iseh; rende hise cla+des & toc him-seolf
bi +te top. & feng to fiten his feont. & lastin his lauerd.
   [{S{]wi+de q+d he. wi+d hire ut of min ehsih+de. +tt ich ne
seo hire nawt heonne-for+d mare. ear +te buc of 
hire bodi. & tet heauet liflese liggen i-sundret.
Sone se ha +tis iherde; ha herede go+d of heouene. 
& war+d utnume glead; for +tis ha hefde iwilnet. Me
leadde hire & leac for+d. & heo wes e+dluke. As ha stutte  
i +tt stude. +ter +te fordemde schulden dea+d drehen: +ta
com +te illke belial +tt ha hefde ibeaten feorren-to
bihinden & bigon to +geien. A stalewur+de men ne spearie 
+ge hire nawiht. ha haue+d us alle scheome idon. 
schende+d hire nu+de. +Gelde+d hire +garow borh efter +tt ha
wur+de is. A stalewur+de men do+d hire biliue to dea+d
buten abade. 
   Ivliene +te eadie openede hire ehnen & biheold towart 
him; as he +tus seide. & tet beali blencte. & 
breid him a+geinwart bihinden hare schuldren.  
<P 124>
as for a schoten arewe. wumme +tt ich libbe q+d he.  
ich beo nunan ilaht. Ah ilecche ha me eft; ne finde  
ich na leche. I-gripe ha me eanes; ne ga i neauer  
mare. +trefter o grene. & leac him a+geinwart as  
+te beare unwiht in alre diche deofle wei ne mahte  
nawt lette. As ha schulde stupin & strecche for+d 
+tt swire; ha bed first & feng on +tus forte learen 
+teo +te +ter weren.  
   Lvste+d me leoue men & li+de+d ane hwile. Bireowsi+d  
ower sunnen. & salui+d wi+d so+d schrift & wi+d dea+dbote. 
leaue+d ower unlahan. & buldes up-o treowe 
eor+de. +tt ne drede+d na ual for wind ne for wedere.
loki+d +tet te heouenliche lauerd beo grunt-wal of 
al +tt +ge wurche+d. for +tt stont studeuest falle +tt
falle. +geie+d to godd in hali chirche. +tt he 
+geoue ow wit wel forte donne. & strenge ow  
wi+d his streng+de. a+gein +te stronge unwiht  
+tt sele+d eauer. & aa. ow to forswolhen. lustnid 
lustiliche hali writes lare. & liuie+d +trefter.  
wel him +te wake+d wel. & i +tis lutle hwile wit
her him-seoluen. & heorteliche sike+d ofte for 
his sunnen. +tis worlt went awei. as +te weater  
+te eorne+d. & ase sweuen imet a-swint hire  
<P 125>
murh+de. & al nis bute a leas wind +tt we i +tis
worlt liuie+d. leaue+d +tt leas is. & leote+d lutel  
+trof. & seche+d +tt so+de lif +tt aa leaste+d. for
+tis lif +ge schulen leoten. & nuten +ge neauer 
hwenne. & reopen ripe of +tt sed +tt +ge her seowen. 
+tt is underuo +geld of wa. o+der of wunne. 
efter ower werkes. Swi+de ich biseche ow. +tt +ge 
bidden for me. bre+dren. & sustren. & custe
ham coss of [^D'ARDENNE: os^]                                   #
pes alle as ha stoden. ant biheold uppart.  
ant hehede hire steuene.  
   Lauerd godd [^D'ARDENNE: go+dd^] almihti. ich +tonki +te of  #
+tine +geouen.  
nim +geme to me nu+de. +tu luuest ouer alle +ting 
treowe bileaue. ne lef +tu neauer to +ti va; +tin ilicnesse 
+tt tu ruddest of dea+d; +turh +ti dea+d o rode. ne let  
tu me neauer deien i +te eche dea+d of helle. Vnderueng  
me to +te. & dome wi+d +tine. i +tt englene hird  
wi+d meidenes imeane. Ich a+geoue +te mi gast deorrewur+de  
drihtin. & do hit blisfule godd for +tin iblescede 
nome to ro. & to reste. wi+d ilke ha beide hire 
& beah duuelunge adun bihefdet to +ter eor+de.  
ant te eadie engles wi+d +te sawle singinde sihen  
in-to heouene.  
   Anan +trefter sone. com a seli wummon. bi Nichomedesse 
burh o rade towart rome. Sophie wes
<P 126>
inempnet of heh cun akennet. & nom +tis meidenes
bodi. & ber hit in-to hire schip bi-wunden swi+de  
deorliche i deorrewur+de cla+des. As ha weren i watere. 
com a strom +tt te schip ne mahte na mon 
steorin. & drof ham to drue lond in-to champaine
+ter lette sophie. from +te sea a mile. setten
a chirche. & duden hire bodi +trin in a stanene 
+truh hehliche as hit deh halhe to donne.
   +Te reue sone se he wiste. +tt ha wes awei ilead. leup  
for hih+de wi+d lut men into a bat & bigon to 
rowen swiftliche efter. forte reauin hit ham. &
i +te sea senchen. & arisen stormes se sterke &
se stronge. +tt te bordes of +tis bat bursten & tobreken.  
& te sea sencte him on his +tritu+de sum
ant +ter-to +get fowre. & draf him adrenchet
dead to +te londe. +ter ase wilde deor limmel toluken 
ham. & to-limeden eauer euch li+d from +te  
lire. ant te unseli sawlen sunken to helle. to forswelten  
i sar & i sorhe eauer.
   +Tvs +te eadi iuliene wende +turh pinen. from worldliche 
weanen; to heoueriches wunnen i +te Nomecu+de 
burh Nicomede inempnet. i +te Sixten+de  
<P 127>
dei of feouereres mone+d. +te fowrtu+de kalende
of mearch +tt is seo+d+den. 
   Heo us erndi to godd. +te grace of him-seoluen.
+te rixle+d in +treo had. & tah is untweamet iheret
& iheiet beo he him ane as he wes & is eauer in eche. 

<Q M1 NN BIL JULME>
<N ST JULIANA>
<A X>
<C M1>
<O 1150-1250>
<M 1150-1250>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V VERSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>

<P 127>
   Hwen drihtin o domes-dei windwe+d his hweate. & 
[\A WORD MISSING\] +tt dusti chef to hellene heate. He mote     #
beon 
a corn i godes guldene edene. +te turnde +tis of latin
to englische ledene. Ant he +tt her least. on wrat
swa as he cu+de. Amen



<B CMDOCU2>
<Q M2 STA DOC HENRY3>
<N PROCL HEN III>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z STAT>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE PROCLAMATION OF HENRY III.
EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH TEXTS.
ED. B. DICKINS AND R. M. WILSON.
LONDON: BOWES & BOWES, 1956 (1951). 
PP. 8.1 - 9.35^]

<P 8>
[}A PROCLAMATION}]

   Henri, +tur+g Godes fultume King on Engleneloande, Lhoauerd
on Yrloande, Duk on Normandi, on Aquitaine, and Eorl on
Aniow, send igretinge to alle hise holde, il+arde and           #
ileawede, on
Huntendoneschire. +T+at witen +ge wel alle +t+at we willen and
vnnen +t+at, +t+at vre r+adesmen alle, o+ter +te moare d+al of  #
heom,
+t+at beo+t ichosen +tur+g us and +tur+g +t+at loandes folk on  #
vre
kuneriche, habbe+t idon and shullen don in +te wor+tnesse of
Gode and on vre treow+te, for +te freme of +te loande +tur+g    #
+te
besi+gte of +tan toforeniseide redesmen, beo stedef+ast and     #
ilestinde 
in alle +tinge a buten +ande. And we hoaten alle vre
treowe in +te treow+te +t+at heo vs o+gen, +t+at heo            #
stedef+astliche
healden and swerien to healden and to werien +to isetnesses     #
+t+at
beon imakede and beon to makien, +tur+g +tan toforeniseide
r+adesmen, o+ter +tur+g +te moare d+al of heom, alswo alse hit  #
is
biforen iseid; and +t+at +ahc o+ter helpe +t+at for to done bi  #
+tan
ilche o+te a+genes alle men ri+gt for to done and to foangen.   #
And
noan ne nime of loande ne of e+gte wher+tur+g +tis besi+gte     #
mu+ge
beon ilet o+ter iwersed on onie wise. And +gif oni o+ter onie   #
cumen
her on+genes, we willen and hoaten +t+at alle vre treowe heom
healden deadliche ifoan. And for +t+at we willen +t+at +tis beo
stedef+ast and lestinde, we senden +gew +tis writ open,         #
iseined wi+t
vre seel, to halden amanges +gew ine hord. Witnesse vsseluen
+at Lundene +tane e+gteten+te day on +te mon+te of Octobre, in  #
+te
two and fowerti+g+te +geare of vre cruninge. And +tis wes idon
+atforen vre isworene redesmen, Boneface Archebischop on
Kanterburi, Walter of Cantelow, Bischop on Wirechestre, Simon
of Muntfort, Eorl on Leirchestre, Richard of Clare, Eorl on
Glowchestre and on Hurtford, Roger Bigod, Eorl on Northfolke
<P 9> 
and Marescal on Engleneloande, Perres of Sauueye,
Willelm of Fort, Eorl on Aubemarle, Iohan of Plesseiz, Eorl on 
Warewik, Iohan Geffrees sune, Perres of Muntfort, Richard of
Grey, Roger of Mortemer, Iames of Aldithele, and +atforen o+tre
ino+ge. 
   And al on +to ilche worden is isend into +aurihce o+tre      #
shcire
ouer al +t+are kuneriche on Engleneloande, and ek in-tel        #
Irelonde. 



<B CMKENTSE>
<Q M2 IR HOM KSERM>
<N KENTISH SERM>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D KL>
<V PROSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  KENTISH SERMONS.
SELECTIONS FROM EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH
1130-1250, PART I.
ED. J. HALL.
OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1963 (1920).
PP. 214.1 - 222.284^]

[^A NUMBER OF LEXICAL ITEMS SPELT AS TWO WORDS IN 
THE EDITION ARE SPELT AS ONE WORD IN THE VERSION BELOW, 
E.G. ibue (ED. i bue); apierede (ED. a pierede)^]

<P 214>
[} (\SERMO JN DIE EPIPHANIE.\) }]

   (\Cum natus esset ihesus in betleem iude in diebus
herodis regis ecce magi ab oriente uenerunt ierosolimam
dicentes. Vbi est qui natus est rex iudeorum.\)
We redeth i +to holi godespelle of te dai ase ure louerd        #
godalmichti
ibore was of ure lauedi seinte Marie i +te cite of bethleem.    #
+tet si
sterre was seauinge of his beringe. swo apierede te +to +trie   #
kinges of 
he+tenesse. tojanes +to sunne risindde. And al swo hi biknewe
his beringe bi +to sterre. swo hi nomen conseil betuene
hem +tet hi wolden gon for to hyne anuri. and +tet hi wolden    #
offri
him gold and stor and Mirre. And al swo hi hedden aparailed     #
here
offrendes swo kam si sterre +tet yede to for hem in to          #
iuresalem. +Tere
hi speken to herodes and hym askede. wer was se king of gyus    #
+tet
was ibore. And herodes iherde +tet o king was ibore +tet        #
solde bi
<P 215>
king of geus. swo was michel anud. and alle hise men. for +tet  #
he was
ofdred for to liese his king riche of ierusalem. +To dede he    #
somoni
alle +to wyse clerekes +tet ku+te +te laghe and hem askede wer  #
crist
solde bien ibore. Hi answerden +tet ine ierusalem. for hit      #
was swo
iseid and behote hwilem bi +to profetes. And al swo herodes     #
iherde
+tis. swo spac te +to +trie kinges. and hem seide. Go+t ha      #
seide into
bethleem and sechez +tet child. and wanne ye hit habbeth        #
hifunde swo
anuret hit. and efter +tet cometh to me. and hic wille go and   #
anuri
hit. +Tet ne seide he nocht herodes for +tet he hit wolde
onuri; ac for +tet he hit wolde slon. yef he hit michte         #
finde. +To
kinges hem wenten and hi seghen +to sterre +tet yede bifore     #
hem.
al wat hi kam over +to huse. war ure louerd was. and al swo hi  #
hedden
ifonden ure louerd; swo hin anurede. and him offrede hire       #
offrendes.
Gold. and. stor. and Mirre. +To nicht efter +tet aperede an     #
ongel of
heuene in here slepe ine metinge and hem seide and het. +tet    #
hi ne
solde ayen wende be herodes. ac be an o+ter weye wende into     #
hire
londes. Lordinges and leuedis +tis is si glorius miracle. and   #
si
glorius seywinge of ure lordes beringe. +tet us tel+t +tet      #
holi godespel of
te day. and ye muee wel understonde be +to speche of +te        #
godspelle
+tet me sal to dai mor makie offrinke +tan an o+tren dai. and   #
+ter of us
yeft ensample +to +trie kinges of he+tenesse. +tet comen fram   #
verrene
londes ure louerd to seche. and him makie offrinke. And
be +tet hi offrede gold. +tet is cuuenable yeftte to kinge;     #
seawede +tet
he was sothfast kink. and be +tet hi offrede Stor. +tet me      #
offrede wylem
be +to ialde laghe to here godes sacrefise; seawede +te he was  #
verray
prest. And be +tet hi offrede Mirre. +tet is biter +ting.       #
signefieth +tet hi
hedde beliaue +tet he was diadlich. +tet diath solde suffri     #
for manken.
Nu ihiereth wet signefieth +tet Gold. +tet Stor. +tet Mirre.    #
And offre
we Gostliche to ure lorde. +tet i offrede flesliche. +Tet Gold  #
+tet is
bricht and glareth ine +to brichtnesse of +to sunne.            #
signefieth +te gode
beleaue. +tet is bricht ine +te gode cristenemannes herte. Si   #
gode
beleaue licht and is bricht ine +to herte of +to gode Manne     #
ase gold.
Offre we +tanne god almichti god gold. Beleue we                #
stedefastliche.
+tet he is fader and sune. and holy gost. is onlepi god. Wo so  #
hath
beleaue ine gode swo offreth him god gold +tet Stor
signefied gode werkes. for ase se smech of +te store wanne hit  #
is ido
<P 216>
into +te ueree and goth upward to +to heuene and to gode ward   #
Swo
amuntet si gode biddinge to gode of +to herte of +to gode       #
cristenemanne.
Swo we mowe sigge +tet stor signefieth +te herte. and se smech  #
luue of
gode. Bi +tet Mirre +tat is biter. and be +to biternesse        #
defendet +tet
Cors +tet is mide ismered. +tet no werm nel comme ihende;       #
signefiet
+to gode werkes +tet is biter to +to yemernesse of ure flesce.  #
Si Mirre
signefiet uastinge. for +to luue of gode wakie. go ine          #
pelrimage. uisiti +te
poure. and to sike. and to do alle +te gode +tet me may do for  #
godes luue.
+to ilke +tinges so bieth bitere to +to wrichede flessce. Ac    #
al so si mirre
loket +tet bodi +tet no werm ne may +ter ihende come; so us     #
defendet
+to ileke +tinges fram senne. and fram +te amonestement of +to  #
dieule
+tet ha ne may us misdo. Lordinges nu ye habbet iherd +to       #
signefiance
of +to offringes +tet maden +to +trie kinges of
he+tenesse to gode. hye habbet to gode ioffred of yure          #
selure. and of
yure er+tliche godes. Ne ne offreth him nacht onlepiliche to    #
day. ac
alle +to daies i +to yere gostliche. Gold. and Stor. and        #
Mirre. ase hic.
habbe itold. Gold; fore Gode belaue. Stor; for holy urisun.
Mirre. for gode werkes. +tet bieth +to offringes. +tet ure      #
louerd beseke+t
auerichedaye +to cristenemanne. and werefore se xpistenman yef  #
has
de+t; of seruet +to blisce of heuene. And ihesu crist +tet for  #
us wolde
an er+te bi bore. and anured of +to +trie kinges of painime;    #
he yeu[{e{]
us his grace of +to holi gost in ure hertes wer bi we moue      #
hatie +to ileke
+tinges +tet he hatedh. and lete +to ileke +tinges +tat he      #
forbiet. and
luuie +to ilek +tinkes +tat he luued. and do +to ilek +tinges   #
+tat he hoot.
ine him so bileue and bidde and serui. +tet we mowe habbe +to   #
blisce
of heueriche. (\Quod uobis prestare dignetur per.\) 

[} (\DOMINI[{CA{] SECUNDA POST OCTAVAM EPIPHANIE. SERMO         #
EUAN.\) }]

   (\Nuptie facte sunt in chana galilee. & erat mater
ihesu ibi. Vocatus est autem ihesus ad nuptias &
discipuli eius.\) +Tet holi godspel of to day us tel+t. +tet a  #
bredale
was imaked ine +to londe of ierusalem. in ane cite +tat was     #
icleped
Cane in +ta time +tat godes sune yede in er+te flesliche. ac    #
To +ta bredale
<P 217>
was ure leuedi seinte Marie. and ure louerd ihesus crist and    #
hise
deciples. so iuel auenture +tet wyn failede. at +tise bredale.  #
+to seide
ure leuedi seinte Marie. to here sune. hi ne habbet no wyn.     #
And ure
louerd answerde and sede to hire. Wat belongeth hit to me       #
o+ter to
+te wyman. Nu ne dorste hi namore sigge. ure lauedi. Hac hye    #
spac
to +to Serganz +tet seruede of +to wyne. and hem seyde. al      #
+tet he hot
yu do; so do+t. And ure louerd clepede +te serganz and seyde to
hem. ffol vellet ha seyde. +tos ydres. +tet is to sigge +tos    #
Croos. o+ter
+tos faten of watere. for +ter were. vi. ydres of stone. +tet   #
ware iclepede
ba+tieres wer +to gius hem wesse for clenesse. and for          #
religiun. Ase
+te custome was ine +to time. +to serganz. uuluelden +to faten
of watere and hasteliche was iwent into wyne. bie +to wille     #
of ure
louerde. +to seide ure lord. to +to serganz. Moveth togidere    #
and
bereth to Architriclin. +tat was se +tet ferst was iserued.     #
And al so
hedde idrunke of +tise wyne +tet ure louerd hedde imaked of     #
+te
watere; ha niste nocht +te miracle. ac +to serganz wel hit      #
wiste. +tet
hedde +tet water ibrocht. +to seide Architriclin to +to         #
bredgume.
O+ter men seyde he do+t for+t +tet beste wyn +tet hi habbe+t    #
ferst at
here bredale. and +tu hest ido +te contrarie +tet +tu hest      #
ihialde +tet
beste wyn wath nu; +Tis was +te commencement of +to miracles    #
of ure
loruerde +tet he made flesliche in er+te. and +to beleuede on   #
him; his
deciples. Ine sigge nacht +tet hi ne hedden +ter before ine him
beliaue; ac fore +te miracle +tet hi seghe; was here beliaue    #
+te more
istreng+ted. Nu ye habbe+t iherd +te Miracle. nu ihere+t        #
+te signefiance.
+Tet water bitockned se euele xpisteneman. for
al so +tet water is natureliche schald and a kel+t alle +to     #
+tet hit drinke+t;
so is se euele xpisteman chald of +to luue of Gode. for +to     #
euele
werkes +tet hi do+t. Ase so is Lecherie. spusbreche. Roberie.
Manslechter. husberners. bakbiteres. and alle o+tre euele       #
deden.
+turch wyche +tinkes man ofserueth +tet fer of helle. Ase       #
godes oghe
mudh hit seid. and alle +to signefied +tet water; +tet +turch   #
yemere
werkes. o+ter +turch yemer iwil liesed +to blisce of heuene.    #
+tet wyn +tat
is naturelliche hot ine him selue; and anhet alle +to +tet      #
hit drinked;
betokned alle +to +tet bied anheet of +te luue of ure lorde.    #
Nu
<P 218>
lordinges ure lord god almichti. +tat hwylem in one stede. and  #
ine
one time flesliche makede of watere wyn; yet habbe+t manitime
maked of watere wyn; gostliche. wanne +turch his grace maked of
+to euele manne good man. of +te orgeilus umble. of +te lechur  #
chaste.
of +te ni+tinge large. and of alle o+tre folies; so ha maket of
+to watere wyn. +tis his si signefiance of +te miracle. Nu      #
loke euerich
man toward him seluen. yef he is win; +tet is to siggen yef he  #
is
anheet of +to luue of gode. o+ter yef he is water. +tet is yef  #
+tu art chold
of godes luue. yef +tu art euel man; besech ure lorde +tet he   #
do ine +te
his uertu. +tet ha +te wende of euele into gode. and +tet he    #
do +te do
swiche werkes +tet +tu mote habbe +to blisce of heuene. (\Quod  #
uobis.
prestare dignetur.\)

[} (\DOMINICA TERCIA POST OCTAVAM EPIPHANIE.\) }]

   (\Cvm descendisset ihesus de monte. secute sunt eum
turbe multe. Et ecce leprosus ueniens adorabat eum
dicens. Domine si uis; potes me mundare.\) +Tet holi
godspel of to dai us tel+t. +tet ure lord ihesus crist. ase he  #
hedde iyue
+to newe laghe. in one montayne. and hedde imaked +tet          #
formeste
sarmun +tet euerte made in er+te; suo him folgede michel folk.  #
Swo
kam a leprus. a sikman and onurede him and seyde. Lord. 
lord ha seide yef +tu wilt; +tu me micht wel makie hool of      #
mine lepre.
of mine euele. And ure lord him seide and spredde his hond. and
tok his lepre; hic wille seide ure lord +tet +tu bi clensed.    #
and al so
ra+te he was iwarisd of his maladie. Nu lordinges +tis is +te   #
miracle
+tet +tet godspel of te dai us tel+t. ac great is +te           #
tokningge. Se leprus
signefiez +to senuule men. si lepre +to sennen. +tet scab       #
bitokned +to
litle sennen. si lepre betokned +to grete sennen +tet biedh     #
diadliche.
Ase so is lecherie. spusbreche. Gauelinge. Roberie. +tefte.     #
Glutunie.
drunkenesse. and alle +to sennen +turch wiche me liest +to      #
luue of gode
almichti and of alle his haleghen. +turch Scab nis nacht man    #
and
wyman deseiurd fram mannes felarede. Ne for +to litle sennen.   #
+tet
noman hine ne mai loki. nis noon deseurd pardurableliche fram
gode; ne fram holi chereche. for lepre is man deseurd of +to    #
compainie
<P 219>
of gode and of alle his angles. +tat is to sigge for diadliche
senne. Nu ye habbet iherd +te miracle and wet hit
betokned. Nu loke we yef we bie+t clene of +tise lepre. +tat    #
is to
siggen of diadliche senne. Se [{leprus{] liest +te felarede of  #
o+ter men;
for se +tynteen et sterft inne diadliche senne; so forliest     #
+te compainie of
gode. And yef ye bie+t clene; loke+t +tet ye ne falle nocht.    #
+tet ye ne
bie deseuerd fram +te felarede of gode almichti. +turch none    #
euele
werkes +turch none euele iwil. And yef ye bie+t leprus +turch   #
diadliche
senne. greded gode Merci; +tet +to leprus yaf hel+te ine        #
bodie; +tet
he us yeue gostliche hel+te. in ure saule. Come+t to srifte     #
forleted
yure sennen and +ter of bie+t asoiled. +tanne sollie habbe      #
+to hel+te of
heuene. +tat is lif withuten ende. (\Quod uobis. prestare
dignetur. per.\)

[} (\DOMINICA QUARTA POST OCTAVAM EPIPHANIE.\) }]

   (\Ascendente ihesu in nauiculam. secuti sunt eum discipuli
eius. Et ecce motus factus est magnus in mari. Ita
ut nauicula operiretur fluctibus. Erat autem illis; uentus
contrarius.\) We redeth i +te holi godspelle of to dai
+tat ure lord ihesu crist yede one time in to ane ssipe and     #
ise deciples
mid him in to +te see. And so hi were in +to ssipe so aros a    #
great
tempeste. of winde. And ure lord was ileid him don to slepe.    #
ine +to
ssipe. er +tane +tis tempeste aroos. Hise deciples hedde gret   #
drede of
+tise tempeste. so awakede hine. and seiden to him. lord saue   #
us; for
we perisset. And ha wiste wel +tet hi ne hadde nocht gode       #
beleaue
ine him; +to seide to hem. wat dret yw folk of litle beliaue.   #
+To aros
up ure lord and tok +tane wynd and to see; and al so ra+te hit  #
was
stille. And al se +to men +tet weren in +to ssipe hedde iseghe  #
+to
miracle so awondrede hem michel. +Tis is si vaire miracle +tet  #
+tet
godspel of te day us tel+t. +Tere fore sal hure beliaue bie     #
+te betere
astreng+ted. Ine swiche lorde +tet siche miracle mai do and     #
do+t wanne
he wile. Ac hit is us nyede +tet se +tet sucurede hem ine +ta   #
peril; +tet
us sucuri ine ure niedes. +Tet we clepie to him +tet ha us
helpe. and he hit wille do ble+teliche. yef we him bisecheth    #
merci mid
good iwille al so him seluen seith bi +te holi writes. (\Salus  #
populi 
ego sum. & cetera.\) Hic am ha sei+t helere of +te folke. wanne
<P 220>
hi to me clepiedh ine hire sorghen. and ine hire niedes hic hi  #
sucuri
and beneme hem al here euel with ute ende. Grede we to him
merci sikerliche. yef se deuel us wille acumbri +turch senne.   #
+Turch
prede o+ter +turch anvie. o+ter +turh wre+the. o+ter +turch     #
o+ter manere of
diadliche senne grede we to him Merci. and sigge we him lord    #
sauue
us +tet we ne perissi. and +tet he us deliuri of alle eueles.   #
and +tet ha
yef us swiche werkes to done in +tise wordle; +tet +to saulen   #
of us
mote bien isauued a domes dai. and gon to +to blisce of heuene.
(\Quod ipse prestare dignetur.\)

[} (\DOMINICA IN SEXAGESIMA. SERMO.\) }]

   (\Simile est regnum celorum homini patrifamilias. qui
exijt primo mane conducere operarios in uineam
suam.\)
 
   Hure lord godalmichti to us speke+t ine +to holi
godespelle of te day. and us seaweth one
forbisne. +tet yef we uilleth don his seruise. +tet we sollen   #
habbe
+to mede wel griat ine heuene. For so seyth ure lord ine +to    #
godspelle
of to dai. +tet on goodman was. +tat ferst uut yede bi +te      #
Moreghen
for to here werkmen in to his winyarde. for ane peny of         #
forewerde.
and al so he hedde imad +tise forewerde; so ha sente hi into    #
his wynyarde.
so ha dede at undren and at midday al so. +to +tat hit was
ayen +tan euen; so ha kam into +te Marcatte. so he fond         #
werkmen
+tet were idel. +to seyde he to hem. Wee bie ye idel; and hie   #
answerden;
and seyde. lord; for we ne fonden te dai +tat us herde. Go+t
nu ha seide se godeman into mine wynyarde; and hic +tat richt   #
is;
yu sal yeue. +tos yede into +tise wynyarde. mid +to o+tre. +to  #
+tet hi wel
euen. +to seide +te lord to his sergant. Clepe +to werkmen and  #
yeld
hem here trauail. and agyn to hem +tat comen last. and go al    #
to +to
ferste. yef eueriche of hem ane peny. Se sergant dede
+tes lordes commandement. so paide +to werkmen and yaf euerich  #
ane
peny. And so hi seghen +to +tet bi +te Morghen waren icomen.    #
+tet
hi +tet waren last icume. Hedden here euerich ane peny; +To     #
wenden
hi more habbe; +to gruchchede hi amenges hem. and seyden. +tos
laste on ure habbe+t itravailed. and +tu his makest velaghes    #
to us. +tet
habbeth al deai ibye ine +tine wynyarde. and habbet+t i+toled   #
+te berdene
<P 221>
of +to pine. and of +to hete of al +to daie. +to ansuerede se   #
gode man
to on of hem. Frend ha seide i ne do +te noon unricht. Wat for
+tingketh +tat hic do min iwil; and al so ure lord hedde itold  #
+tise
forbisne; so he seide efter ward. so sulle +to uerste bie       #
last; and +to
laste ferst. Fele bie+t iclepede; ac feaue bie+t icornee. Nu    #
ihere+t
+te signefiance. +tes godeman; betockne+t godalmichti ure       #
lord. Se
winyard betockne+t. +te seruise of ure lorde. +te werkmen.      #
betockne+t
alle +to +tet do+t cristes seruise. +to tides of +to daie;      #
betokne+t
+te time of +tis world. Bie +te Morghen iherde ure lord         #
werkmen
in to his winyarde. +to ha sente +te patriarches. ate           #
begininge of +tis
wordl. ine is seruise. +tet +turch gode beleauee him seruede.   #
and seden
his techinge to alle +to +tet hi hedden hit to siggen. Also at  #
undren.
and at midday. iherede he werkmen into is winyarde. +to ha      #
sente be
+to time +tet Moyses was and aaron. and i +te time of his       #
prophetes
dede he mani god man in to his seruise; +tet +turch griate      #
luue to him
helden. and deden his seruise. To yenes +tan euen; godalmichti
ihierde werkmen in to his winyarde. +to +tat he alast of +tis   #
wordle
naam fles and blod ine +te Maidene seinte Marie. and seauede    #
ine +tis
world. +to fond he Men. +tet al day hedden ibe idel. Werefore   #
he
fond +tet he+ten folk +tet be +to time +tet was igo; hedden.    #
ibe ut of
godes beliaue. and of his luue. and of his seruise. Hi ne       #
hedden
nocht ibe idel for to done +to deueles werkes. Ac +tere fore
seith +tet godspel +tet hedden ibe idel; +to +tet hi nedden     #
bileued ane
god almichti. ne him louie ne him serui. For al +tat is ine     #
+tis wordle. 
+tet man is. bote yef ha luuie godalmichti. and him serui; al   #
hit him
may +tenche forlore and idelnesse. +to a resunede ure lord      #
+te paens
be ise apostles. vre fore hi hedden ibe so longe idel. +to      #
+tet hi ne
hedden ibe in his seruise; +to ansuerden +te paens; +tet non    #
ne
hedden iherd hij. +tet is to sigge +tet hi ne hedden neuer te   #
iheed
prophete ne apostle ne prechur. +tet hem seaude ne hem tachte   #
hu
i solden ine gode beleue ne him serui. Go+t a seide ure lord    #
inte mine
winyarde. +tet is inte mine beleaue. and hic yw sal yeue yure   #
peni +tet
is heueriche blisce. +to he+ten men yeden be +ta daghen into    #
cristes
seruise; and we +tet of hem bie+t icume. and habbe+t            #
cristendom
<P 222>
underfonge; bie+t ientred into cristes seruise +tere fore we    #
sollen
habbe ure peni +tet is +te blisce of heuene. al so wel ase
+to +tet comen bi +te Morghen. for al so we hopie+t for te      #
habbe heueriche
blisce; ase +to patriarches and +to prophetes. and +to          #
apostles and
+to gode men +tet hwilem ine +tis world godalmichti serueden.   #
So as
we habe+t iseid of diuers wordles. +tet god almichti dede       #
werkmen
into his winyarde; so we mowe sigge of +to elde of eueriche     #
men.
For godalmichti de+t werkmen into his winyarde bi +te Morghen.
Wanne ha clepe+t of swiche +ter bie+t into his seruise ine      #
here childhede. 
Wanne hi of +tis world wende+t. beswo +tet hi ne be ine no
diadlich senne. At undren ha sent men in to his winyarde. +tet  #
a
turne+t into his seruise. of age of man. At Middai wanne +to    #
dai is
al+ter hotestd betokned +to men of .xxx=ti=. wyntre. o+ter of   #
furti. for +te
nature of Man is of greater streng+te and of greater hete ine   #
+to age.
Se euen bitockne+t. elde of Man. +tet is se ende of +te liue.   #
Vre lord
de+t werkmen in to his winyarde agenes +to euen; Wanne
fele ine here elde wende+t ut of here senne in to cristes       #
seruise. As so
solle hi habbe +to blisce of heuene; ase +to +tet ferst comen   #
into +te
winyyarde. Nocht for +tan for +tise griate bunte +tet ure iord  #
yef+t ne
solde no man targi for to wende to godalmichti ne him to        #
serui. for al
so seid +tet holi writ +tet non ne wot +tane dai of his         #
dia+te. for Man
mai longe liues wene and ofte him leghe+t se wrench. Nu gode    #
men
ye habbe+t iherd +tet godspel and +te forbisne. Nu loke+t yef   #
ye bie+t
with inne +to winyarde. +tet is +tet yef ye bie+t ine godes     #
seruise yef ye
bie+t with ute diadliche senne yef ye hatied +tat he hate+t.    #
yef ye luuie+t
+tet he luue+t. and do+t +tet he hot. and but ye do; ye bie+t   #
hut of his
winyarde. +te is ut of his seruise. and ye do+t +tet ure lord   #
hoot. so ye
ofserue+t +tane peni. +tet is heueriche blisce. ye ofserue+t    #
+tet good +tet
noon herte ne may i+tenche ne noon yare ihere ne tunge telle.
+to blisce +tet god halt alle +to +tet hine luuie+t. +tider     #
lord
granti us to cumene. (\Quod ipse prestare dignetur. per.\) 



<B CMAYENBI>
<Q M2 IR RELT AYENB>
<N AYENB>
<A DAN MICHEL>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K SAME>
<D KL>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G TRANSL>
<F FRENCH>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MICHEL, DAN.
DAN MICHEL'S AYENBITE OF INWYT
OR REMORSE OF CONSCIENCE, VOL. I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 23.
ED. R. MORRIS AND P. GRADON. 
LONDON, 1965 (1866).
PP. 98.31  - 118.13       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 249.31 - 260.14       (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,98>
[}+TE UORE-SPECHE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]

   Hvanne me zet a child to lettre. ate begynnynge
me him tek+t his pater noster. Huo +tet of +tise clergye
wyle conne: be-come milde ase a child. uor to zuyche
scolers tek+t oure guode mayster Iesu crist / +tise
<P I,99>
clergie / +tet is +te uayreste / and mest behofsam +tet
is. huo +tet wel hit onderstant and of-halt. Vor zuyche
wene+t hit wel conne and onderstonde: +tet neuerte ne
cou+te bote +te rynde wy+toute / +tet is +te lettre / +tet is
guod. Ac litel is wor+t to +te zy+g+te of +te newen +tet is
wy+tinne zuo zuete. Hit ys wel ssort ine wordes: and
wel lang ine wytte. Li+gt to zigge / an sotil to onderstonde.
+Tis bene / pase+t alle o+tre / ine +tri +tinges. ine
dignete` / in ssorthede. an ine guodnesse. +Te dignete` 
is / ine +tan +tet godessone hit made. To god +te uader
ine worde. God +te holy gost / +tet is +tet me acse+t.
He wolde +tet hit were ssort / uor +tet non ne ssolde
him werye: hit uor to lyerny. An uor +tan +tet non ne
ssolde him tyeny hit uorto zigge gledliche / an ofte.
And uor to ssewy / +tet god +te uader ous yhyer+t wel
zone: huanne we him bidde+t mid guode herte. uor he
ne he+t none hede of longe ryote of tales y-slyked / ne
y-rymed. Vor ase zay+t sant gregorye. Zo+tliche bidde /
ne is na+gt to zygge uayre wordes / and y-slyked myd
mou+te: ake keste playntes and dyepe zykynges of
herte. +Te wor+t / and +te profit of +tise bene: is zuo
grat / +tet he belouk+t ine ssorte wordes / al +tet me may
wylny of herte. An to bydde wel to done. +tet is +tet
me by delyured of alle kueade: and uolueld of alle 
guode.

                                        
[}HYER BEGIN+T +TET PATER NOSTER.}]

   +Tvs begin+t +tet pater noster. 'Vader oure / +tet art
ine heuene.' Loke hou oure guode spekeman / and oure
zuete mayster Iesu crist /+tet is +te wysdom of god +te
uader / and kan alle la+ges / and +te wones of his cort +te
tek+t wel to playty / and wyslyche / and sotilliche / an
ssortliche to speke. Vorzo+te +tis uerste word +tet +tou
zayst / yef hit is wel onderstonde / and yuol+ged / hit
+te ssel yeue al +tine playnte. Vor saynt bernard +tus
zay+t. +Tet +te bene +tet begyn+t be +te zuete name of +te
<P I,100>
uader. yef+t ous hope to onderuonge alle oure byddynges.
+Tis zuete word / vader / +tet al +te remenont make+t
zuete / +te sseawe+t +tet +tou sselt yleue. and +te somone+t
to +tan +tet +tou sselt do. and +tise tuo +tinges soue+t man:
huanne he ylef+t wel / and a-ri+gt. an he de+t efterward /
+tet he ssel. Huanne +tou him clepest uader / +tou
beknaust +tet he is lhord of house. +tet is of heuene /
and of er+te: and heaued / and ginnynge / and welle /
huerof alle ssep+tes / and alle guod come+t. and +tus +te
beknaust his mi+gte. Efterward / ze+t+te +tet he ys uader /
he is di+gtere / and gouernour / and porueyour / to his
mayne`. an nameliche of his children / +tet is of man /
+tet him-zelf he+t y-mad and yssape / to his anliknesse.
and +tus +tou beknaust his wysdom. Alast +tanne
+tet he is uader be kende / and be ri+gte / he loue+t +tet he
he+t ymad / ase zay+t +te boc of wysdome. and is zuete
and milde. and zuo loue+t / and dra+g+t uor+t his children.
and ham de+t hare prou. and betere +tanne hi conne
deuisi. and he his byat / and his chaste+t huanne hi
misdo+t uor hare prou ase guod uader / and ble+teliche
he his onderua[{n{]g+t / huanne hi come+t to hym.
   Nou ich +te sseawy +tanne +tis word +tet +tou zayst:
vader. his mi+gte. his wysdom. his guodnesse. He +te
be+teng+t of o+terhalf +te zelue. +tine noblesse. +tine
uayrhede. +tine richesse. More gratter noblesse ne may
ich habbe: +tanne to by zone to ane zuo greate emperur
+tet is god. More gratter richesse ne may by: +tanne to
by kyng of alle +ting. More gratter uayrhede ne may
by: +tanne to by him ari+gt ylich. Huych uayrhede is
zuo grat: +tet hit pase+t +to+gt of man / and of angle.
+Tanne +tis word / uader / +te be+teng+t +tet +tou art zone.
uor +tet +tou +te paynest him uor to by ylych. ase guod
zone ssel by ylich his guode uader. +tet is to zigge: +tet
+tou by bold / and of grat wyl / and strang / and mi+gtuol
wel to done. and +tet +tou by wys / and y-wer / large /
and cortoys / zuete / and milde clene and wy+t-oute
<P I,101>
uileynye / ase he is. and +tet +tou hatye zenne / and
uoulhedes / and kueadhedes ase he de+t. zuo +tet +tou
na+gt ne do aye kende. +Tis vord +tanne +te de+t be+tenche /
at alle +te times +tet +tou zayst +tet pater noster: +tet yef
+tou art ari+gt zone: +tou sselt him anlykny be kende. be
heste. and be ri+gte. and +tou him sselt loue. wor+tssipe.
and reuerence. drede. seruice. and bo+gsamnesse. Nou
+tench +tanne huanne +tou zayst +ti pater noster / +tet +tou
by him a guod zone and trewe  / yef +tou wylt +tet he +te
by guod uader. an milde. '+Tench huas zone +tou art': me
zay+t to +te newe kny+gte huanne he ge+t into +te tornement.
Nou +tou yzyxt wel hou +tis uerste word is zuete.
and hou hit +te amoneste+t +tet +tou by bold and of
guode wylle. and hit +te tek+t huych +tou sselt by.
   Nou ich +te acxy hueruore +tou zayst 'uader oure.'
and na+gt 'uader myn'? and +tet +tou him uela+gest mid +te /
huanne +tou zayst: 'yef ous' / and ne zayst na+gt 'yef me.'
   Ich wile +te zigge yef +tou wylt. Non ne ssel zigge /
uader min. bote +te ilke +tet ys his zone be kende wy+t-oute
gynnynge / wy+t-oute ende / +te zo+te godes zone.     
Ac we ne bye+t na+gt his zones be kende / bote asemoche
+tet we bye+t ymad to his anliknesse. ac alsuo 
bye+t +te sarasyns. ac we bye+t his zones be grace and by
adopcion. Adopcioun zuo is a word of la+ge. uor by +te
la+ges of +te emperurs / huanne an he+g man ne he+t no
child: ha may chiese +tet child of a guod man yef he
wyle. and maki him his zone be adopcioun. +tet is be
auoerie. zuo +tet he ssel bi yhealde uor his zone auoud /
and ssel bere his eritage. +Tise grace god ous made +te
uader wy+toute oure ofseruinge. ase zay+t saynt pauel.
Huanne he ous dede come to +te cristenedome we were
poure and naked / and child of yre / and of helle.
+Tanne huanne we zigge+t 'vader oure' and we zigge+t /
'yef ous.' we gadere+t alle oure bro+tren mid ous of adopcion /
+tet bye+t children of holy cherche. be +te byleaue
+tet hi onderuinge ine cristnynge.
<P I,102>
   Nou ous ssewe+t / huer-of +tis word / oure. +te largesse /
and +te cortaysye / [{of{] god oure uader. +tet ous yef+t
more ble+teliche / yno+g / +tanne lyte and to uelen:
+tanne to onen allone. Huer-of saynt gregorie zay+t.
'+te bene / +te more +tet hi is commun: +te more hy is 
wor+t. ase +te candele is betere bezet +tet serue+t to ane
halle and uol of uolk: +tanne zy +tet ne serue+t / bote to
onlepy manne.' +Tis word hat ous to yelde +tonkes myd
al oure herten. of +tise grace +tet he ous he+t ydo / huer-by
we bye+t his children / and his eyrs. and +tet moche
ardontliche louye oure ealde bro+ter Iesu crist / +tet ous
uela+ge+t wy+t him ine his grace.
   +Tis word ous amoneste+t +tet we loki ine oure herte
holylyche +tane holy gost +tet is oure wytnesse. +Tis
adopcion is ase weddes / ase zay+t saynte paul / huer-by
we by+t zikere / +tet we ssolle habbe +te eritage of oure
uader. +tet is +te blysse of paradys. +tis word ous tek+t
and zay+t +tet we bye+t alle bro+tren / grat / and smal /
poure and riche. he+g / and lo+g / of one uader / and of
one moder. +tet is of god / and of holy cherche. and
non ne ssel o+tren onwor+ti: ac louie ase bro+ter. and +te
on ssel helpe +tanne o+tre: ase do+t +te lemes of +te zelue
bodye. and ech bidde uor o+tren ase zay+t saint Iocob.
And zuo hit is oure ureme wel grat. Vor huanne +tou 
zest +tine bene ine +te uela+grede of al holy cherche: uor
on paternoster +tet +tou zayst / +to wynst mo +tanne an
hondred +tousond.
   +Tis word / oure. ous tek+t to hatye +tri +ting nameliche.
Prede. wre+te. and auarice. Prede: de+t man out 
of uela+grede. uor he wyle by aboue alle o+tren. Wre+te:
de+t man out of uela+grede. uor huanne he werre+t wy+t
enne: he werre+t wy+t alle +te o+tre. Auarice: de+t man
out of uela+grede. vor hi nele ne him / ne his +tinges /
communy mid o+tren. And +teruore zuych uolk ne habbe+t
part / ine +te holy pater noster. +Tis word / 'oure':
ous ssewe+t +tet god is oure: yef we wylle+t. and +te
<P I,103>
uader. and +te zone. and +te holy gost. +tet is yef we
loke+t his hestes. and zuo zay+t ine +te godsspelle saint
Ion.
   'Vader oure / +tet art ine heuene.' Huanne ich zigge /
'+tet +tou art ine heuene': ich zigge tuo +ting. +tet he is
kyng / and +tet he is at paradis. Alsuo huanne ich
zigge / '+tet art / ine heuene': ich zigge +tet he is / and
+tet he is ine heuene. Me vint ywryte ine +te o+tre boc
of +te la+ge. +tet god him ssewede to Moyses ine ane 
helle / and him zede. guo in-to egipte / and zay to +te
kynge faraon of mine half / +tet he +te delyuri mi uolk
+te children of y[{s{]rael / of +te +treldome / huerine he hise
halt. 'lhord' / zayde moyses. 'yef me akse+t huet is +ti
name. huet ssel ich zigge?' 'Ich am / +tet am.' zayde
god. Nou zigge+t +te hal+gen / and +te guode clerkes.
+tet amang alle +te he+ge names of oure lhorde: +tis is +te
uerste / and +te mest propre. and +tet mest ari+gt ous
tek+t uor to knawe / +tet / +tet god is. Vor alle +te o+tre
names huer hi speke+t of his guodnesse. and of his
wysdome. o+ter of his mi+gte. o+ter he is zuich / and 
zuich. he is +te ri+gt guod. +te ri+gt trewe. +te ri+gt wys.    #
+te
ri+gt mi+gti. and uele o+tre maneres of speches +tet me
zay+t of him. +tet ne zigge+t propreliche +te zo+te of +te
byinge of god. Ac we +tet bye+t greate / an boystoyse
to spekene of zuo he+ge +tinge / speke we of god / zuo /
ase we conne deuisi ane man / of huam me ne kan na+gt
his name / ase me zay+t. he is kyng. he is erl. he is zuo
grat. zuo uayr. zuo large. and uele of zuyche +tinges /
huer-by me may ywyte hou +tet hit by +te man knawe.
Ac ne zigge+t na+gt ari+gt his name / ase we speke+t of 
god: uele we uinde+t of wordes / +tet ous ssewe+t huet
+tet hit bi of him. Ac +ter ne is non zuo propre ase +tis
word / '+tet art.' +tet zuo propreliche. zuo ssortliche. zuo
cleuiyndelyche. zuo sotilliche / +te names nemne+t / ine 
zuo moche / ase onderstondinge him may strechche.
Vor god is ase +te ilke / +tet one is / ase zay+t saint Iob.
<P I,104>
He one is / ari+gt to spekene. uor he one is / eurelestinde /
wy+toute beginnynge. and wy+t-oute ende. +tet me
ne may zigge: of non o+tre +ting. Efterward he one is
zo+tliche. uor he is zo+t / and zo+tnesse aboue alle +tinges
yssape. and zuo bye+t alle ssep+tes ydele and ydelenesse.
And ase zay+t Salomo[{n{] and na+gt to +te zy+g+te of him. and 
to na+gte ssolden come: bote yef he his ne sostyenede
be his uirtue. Ate laste he one is zetnesse an uestnesse
ine onelepi poynte wy+t-oute him to trobli / wy+t-oute
him to chongi / wy+t-oute him remue ine none manere.
ase zay+t saynt Iacob. Alle o+tre +tinges bye+t chonginde /
ine eche manere of hare kende. +Tanne is he propreliche
yclieped: +tet art. Vor he is zo+tliche wy+t-oute
ydelnesse / zetnesse / wi+t-oute enye chonge eure to
yleste: wy+t-oute ende. wy+t-out heaued. wy+t-oute / wes.
wy+t-oute / ssel by. uor +ter ne is no gelt.
   Nou +tou sselt onderstonde zuo +tet +ter ne is na+gt
+tet me mo+ge betere ywyte / +tanne +tet: +tet god is. Ac
+ter ne is no+ting zuo strang to conne / ase huet / and
huet +ting is god. +Ter-uore ich +te rede wel / +tet +tou
ne musy na+gt to moche / hit uor to zeche. uor +tou
my+gtest ly+gtliche guo out of +te ri+gte waye. Hit is yno+g
uor +te / +tet +tou zigge: 'lyeue uader +tet art ine heuene.'
Zo+t hit is +tet he is oueral yhered. ine er+te. ine ze. ine
helle. ase he is ine heuene. Ac me zay+t he is ine 
heuene / uor +tet he is +te eldeste / and +te meste yknawe /
and +te meste beloued / and +te meste ywor+tssiped.
Efterward he is ine heuene gostliche / +tet is ine holy
bodyes +tet bye+t he+ge. clyre. and clene. ase is +te
heuene. uor ine zuyche herten: he ys ald. and yknawe.
and ydred. and ywor+tssiped and yloued.
   Nou hest +tou yherd +tise uour wordes. (\Pater noster
qui es in celis.\) +Tet uerste +te somone+t / to wor+tssipie
god. +Tet o+ter: to louie god. +Te +tridde: to drede god.
Vor +ta+g he by uader oure: alneway he ys bezide / and
<P I,105>
na+gt chonginde. +Te uer+te +te to streng+ti. uor asemoche
ase he is zuo he+g / and +tou zuo lo+g. yef +tou ne art bald /
and of guode wylle: +tou ne sselt na+gt come / huer he
wone+t. +Tet uerste word ous ssewe+t +te langnesse of his
eurebleuinge. +tet o+ter: +te brede of his charite`. +te
+tridde: +te dyepnesse of his zo+thede. +te uer+te: +te 
he+gnesse of his mageste`. Huo +tet he+t wel +tise uour
+tinges zo+tliche wy+toute drede he ssel by yblyssed.

[}+TE UERSTE BENE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]

   Nou hest +tou yherd +te uorespeche of +te holy pater
noster. +tet is ase ane inguoinge of +te vi+tele. ey god /
huo +tet cou+te wel al +tane zang: hou he ssolde vinde
uayre notes. Vor hit ne is no drede +tet ine +te zonge /
+tet +te wysdom of god made / +te ilke +tet tek+t +te uo+geles
zynge: ne he+t uele notes sotiles / and zuete / +ta+g +ter
by lyte lettre. Ine +tise zonge bye+t zeue notes. +tet
bye+t +te zeue benes. +tet porchace+t +te zeue yef+tes of
+te holy gost. +tet strepe+t +te zeuen haued zennes of +te
herte. and hi zette+t / and norisse+t +te zeuen uirtues. be
huychin me com+t to +te zeue blissinges. Of +tise zeue
benes / +te +tri uerste: make+t man holy / aze moche ase
man may by ine +tise wordle. +te uour efterward him
make+t stedeuestlyche: ri+gtuol. Al +te holynesse of man /
+tet is ymad to +te ymage of +te trinite` / +tet is be +tri
+tinges +tet bye+t ine +te zaule. be+tenchinge. onderstondynge.
and wyl. ine +tet +tet +te zaule bi stedeuestliche
yclenzed ine +te wylle. stedeuestliche ali+gt ine +te           #
onderstondinge.
stedeuestliche yuestned in god. mid god ine
+te be+tenchinge. and +te more +te zaule onderuang+t
plenteliche +tise +tri +gef+tes of god: and hy more propreliche
ne+gle[{c{]+t / to his ri+gte uayrhede of his kende. +tet is
to +te anlicnesse of +te uader / and of +te zone / and of +te
holy gost. +Tet is huanne god +te uader him conferme+t
his be+tenchinge. god +te zone him aly+gt his                   #
onde[{r{]stondinge. 
<P I,106>
god +te holy gost he+t yclensed his wyl. +tise
+tri +tinges we bezeche+t ine +te +tri uerste benes of +te
pater noster.
   Huanne we zigge+t / (\sanctificetur nomen tuum\) . we
ssewe+t to oure guode uader corteysliche oure principal
desyr +tet we ssolle eure habbe. +tet is +tet his name by
yhal+ged and yconfermed ine ous. +tanne huanne we
zigge+t / (\sanctificetur nomen tuum\) : +tet is to zigge.      #
'sire /
+tis is oure he+ge wyl / +tis we bezechi+t toppe alle +ting /
+tet +tin holy name / +tet is +ti guode los +ti knaulechinge /
+ti beleaue / by y-confermed ine ous.'
   Ine +tise uerste bene: we bezeche+t +te uerste and
+te principal yef+te of +te holy gost / +tet is +te yef+te of 
wysdom / +tet uestne+t / and conferme+t +te herte in god.
and his ioyne+t zuo to him: +tet hi ne may by ondo /
ne to-deld. Wysdom is yzed of smac / and of smacky.
Vor huanne +te man onderuang+t +tise yef+te: he zuel+g[{+t{] /
and smacke+t / and uel+t +te zuetnesse of god. Ase me
uel+t +te zuetnesse of +te guode  wyne ate zuel+g / betere
+tanne to +te zi+g+te. Ac to +tan +tet +tou onderstanst betere
huet is to zigge / '+ti name by yhal+ged ine ous:' +tou
sselt ywyte +tet +tis word / holy / is ase moche wor+t:
ase / klene. ase wy+toute er+te. ase yhal+ged to godes
seruice / ase y-dept ine blod / ase yconfermed. Ine +tise
uyf maneres hal+ge+t +te gost of wysdom / +te herte of
man. Verst he his wype+t / and clense+t / ase de+t +tet uer
[{+tet{] clenze+t and fine+t +tet gold. Efterward he de+t away
al +te ilke uel+te / of alle er+tliche loue. and of alle wylle
of ulesse. and make+t to comene al out of smak. al +tet
me wes ywoned byuore to louie. ase +tet weter is out of
smak to +tan +tet is ywoned to +te guode wyne. Efterward 
he him hal+ge+t of al to godes seruice. uor he de+t
him al away of alle wre+te. and de+t him al +tenche of
god. and to louie / and serui. Ase +te cherche is yhal+ged
to godes seruice. zuo +tet me ne ssel o+ter +ting do
+terinne: +tanne +te seruice of god. Efterward he dep+t 
<P I,107>
ine blod. Vor he hise zet ine ane zuo ber[{nin{]de loue /
and one zuo zuete deuocion of Iesu crist. +tet huanne
he +teng+t ine him / and his passion: he ys alsuo ydept /
and al-suo dronke of +te preciouse blode / +tet Iesu crist
ssedde uor him: ase is a zop of hot bryead huanne me
hit pote+t in-to wyn. +tet is a newe cristninge. Vor
depe and cristni: is al on. Efterward he him uestne+t
zuo ine god / +tet no +ting ne may him to parti ne
onioyni. +Tanne [{he{] wyle +tis word nou zigge: '+tin name
by yhal+ged ine ous.' +tet is to zigge: 'yef ous +tane gost of
wysdom / be huam bi we zuo yclensed ase gold. and
yuayred of alle uel+te / huer-by we ssolle by zuo uol
dronke of +tine loue: +tet alle o+tre zuetnesses / ssolle by
ous bytere: be huam we ssolle by zuo yyeue to +te / an
to +tine seruise: +tet neure mo of o+tren we ne maky
streng+te. be huam by we na+gt wy+toute more ywesse:
ac zuo moche ydept yne grayne / and ynewed and eft
ycristned ine +te bloode of Iesu crist be deuocioun of 
ueste loue / huer-by +te name of oure uader by zuo
yuestned ine ous: +tet he by oure uader and we his
zones / and his eyrs. zuo yuestned +tet no +ting +tet mo+ge
beualle ne mo+ge ous ondo of +te ilke uestnesse / ne of
+tise grace.' Wel is hit grat grace of god h[{u{]anne +te wyl
is zuo yroted ine god huich / ne may to cryepe uor none 
uondinge. Wel gratter +ting his huanne me is zuo
yuestned ine +te loue and adrayngt in +te zuetnesse of
god. +tet no solas ne no confort me ne onderuang+t: bote
of him. Ac y-yeue is +te herte parfitliche and yconfermed.
uor +te memorie is zuo cleuiynde ine him: +tet
ne of no +ting +tenche / bote ine him. And +tet we
bydde+t him huanne we zigge+t: (\sanctificetur nomen
tuum\) . 'lhord +ti name by y-hal+ged ine ous.'

[}+TE O+TRE BENE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]

   (\Adueniad regnum tuum.\) +tet is +te o+tre bene of +te
pater noster. huer we bydde+t / +tet godes regne come
<P I,108>
to ous / and by wy+t-inne ous. Oure lhord zay+t ine his
spelle to his deciples. '+te regne of god: is nou wy+t-inne
you.' Nou onderstand wel hou +tet may by. Huanne
god yef+t ane grace +tet me clepe+t / +te gost of               #
onderstondinge
to +te herte. ase de+t +te zonne +tet de+t away
+te +tyesternesse of +te ny+gt / and waste+t +te cloudes / and
+te hore urostes bi +te mor+gen. Alsuo waste+t +te holy gost
alle +te +tyesternesses of +te herte. and him ssewe+t his
zennes / and his defautes / zuo +tet +te ilke wende by al 
klene. +tanne wynde+t hi zuo uele defautes. and of
motes. and of doust wy+t-oute tale. Ase +te zonne byam
ssewe+t his motes / and +tet doust +tet bye+t bene+te ine
+te house. Efterward he him eft ssewe+t of o+tre half na+gt
wy+t-oute more +tet / +tet is wy+t-inne him / ac +tet / +tet
is bene+te +te helle. and +tet / +tet is aboue him ine
heuene. +tet / +tet is aboute him / alle uayre ssep+tes:
+tet alle herye+t god / and him wytnesse+t hou god is
guod and almi+gti. wys. and uayr. grat and milde.
zuete. and +te more me zy+gt +te sseppinges bri+gte: +te
more hit is wynynde him-zelue to yzyenne. Ac he
yzy+g+t / +tet he ne is clene / ne wor+ti him to zyenne:
+tanne anhet +te guode herte and trewe / and him wre+te+t
to him-zelue. +Tanne nym+t he his pic / and his spade /
and begin+t to delue / and to myny. and ge+t in-to his
herte. +Terinne he vint zuo uele zennes / and vices / 
and zuo uele defautes / and zuo moche doust / and
tribulaciouns of herte / and of +to+gtes / and of wyckede
wylles / +tet he him wre+te+t / and zor+ge+t. and nim+t a
wycked wyl to him-zelue. zuo +tet he begin+t +te herte
to clensi to +te zo+te / and to keste out alle +te uel+tes
+tet him benim+t +te zi+g+te of god ine him. and +tet he de+t
mid +te spade of zo+te ssrif+te. Ac huanne he he+t longe
ymyned / and he he+t / alle his uel+tes ykest out: +tanne
uint he pays / and reste / and solas / and blisse / zuo
+tet him +ting+t +tet al +te wordle by an helle to +te lokinge
<P I,109>
of +te ilke clyernesse / and of +te ilke pays: +tet he
uint ine his herte. and +tet we oxe+t: huanne we zigge+t
(\Adueniad regnum tuum\) . +tet is to zigge: 'Leue uader /
ylyky +te / +tet +te holy gost ous wille aly+gte +te herte /
and clensi and zuope / al-huet hi by wor+ti god uor to
y-zy. and +tet he wile come and wonie ase kyng / and
ase lhord. and gouernour / and hotere. zuo +tet al +te
herte by his / and he by kyng. and euremo we him mo+ge
yzy. uor +tet is lyf wy+t-oute ende. and godes riche habbe
wy+t-inne ous.' +Teruore zay+t oure lhord in his spelle:
+tet godes riche is ase on tresor in +te uelde yhed. +tet is
ine herte. +tet is gratter +tanne al +te wordle.

[}+TE +TRIDDE BENE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]
   
   (\Fiat uoluntas tua / sicut in celo & in terra.\)  +Tis
is +te +tridde bene huerinne we bydde+t oure uader of
heuene / +tet his wyl by ydo ine ous: ase hit is ydo ine
heuene. +tet is ase +te holy angles of heuene / +tet bye+t
zuo ali+gt / and yuestned ine god: +tet hi ne mo+ge o+ter
+ting wylny / bote +tet god wille. +Tis bene we ne mo+ge
habbe: bote yef we ne habbe / +te yef+te of red. +tet is
+te +tridde yef+te of +te holy gost / +tet ous tek+t his o+gene
guod wyl. and +tet he ous wende. oure wrechide wil /
and hise confermy / al to +te he+ge guode. zuo +tet he ne
he+t ne o+gene wyt / ne o+gene wyl. ak his o+gene onlepiliche /
+tet hi by lheuedy of al +te  herte yhollyche. and 
maki ine ous al +tet his wyle ase hi make+t ine angles of
heuene / +tet make+t echedaye his wil wy+t-oute misnimynge /
and wy+toute wy+tzigginge.
   Nou hest +tou yherd +te +tri uerste benes of +te pater
noster. +tet bye+t +te he+geste / and +te dingneste. Ine +te
uerste / we akse+t +te yef+te of wysdom. Ine +te o+tre:
+te yef+te of onderstondinge. Ine +te +tridde / +tet guode
red. ase ich +te habbe aboue yssewed. +Tise +tri +tinges
we ne bydde+t / na+gt uor +tet we hise habbe+t ine +tise
<P I,110>
lyue dyadlich parfitlyche. ak we sseawe+t to o[{u{]re uader
oure wylles / +tet bye+t / o+ter ssolle by / to +tan +tet +tise
+tri benes by ine ous ymad / and uolueld ine +te lyue           #
eurelestinde.
+Te o+tre vour +tet come+t efte[{r{]ward we wille+t
speke ane o+tre speche. Vor we zigge+t aperteliche to
oure uader 'yef ous. uoryef ous. wyte ous. delyure ous.' 
bote +tise vour benes of him we ne habbe: we bye+t
dyade / an euele betake ine +tise wordle. Vor hi bye+t
ous nyeduolle ine +tise lyue dyadlich.

[}+TE UER+TE BENE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]

   (\Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie.\) Mochel
ous tek+t oure guode mayster / to spekene myldelyche /
and wysliche. huanne he ous tek+t to zigge. Vayre
uader / oure bryad of eche daye / yef ous to day. Huet
may +te zone betere acsy to his uader: +tanne bread wy+t-oute
more / uor +tane day to endy? He ne acse+t none
outrage / ne wyn. ne uless. ne uiss. [{ac{] bread wy+toute
more [{he{] byt. na+gt uor ayer / ne na+gt uor al +te woke. ac
wy+t-oute more: +tane day to endy. Nou hit +ting+t +tet
hit by wel lite +ting +tet we acse+t: ac uor zo+te hit is wel 
grat +ting. Huanne me bit +te bro+terhede / and +te
uela+grede / and part / and ri+gt / ine alle +te guodes of +te
house. Alsuo hit is huose +tet smacke+t of +tise breade.
He he+t +te bro+terrede. and part / and uela+grede. and ri+gt.
and ine alle +te guode dedes +tet bye+t ine heuene. +Tet 
is +tet bread of +te ilke holy couent. +Tet bread of heuene.
+tet bread of angles. +tet bread lostuol. +tet bread of lyue
eurelestinde. Vor hit yef+t guod lyf / and loke+t +te
zaule wy+t-oute steruinge. Huer-of zo+t zay+t ine +te
godspelle. 'Ich am +tet bread of lyue / +tet com doun
uram heuene. huo +tet ssel ete of +to breade: he ssel
eure lybbe wy+t-oute steruinge.' +tet bryad is mete ari+gt.
uor hit stonche+t al +tane honger of +te wordle / and uel+t
man +tet he he+t yno+g / zuo ne de+t non o+ter mete. +Tet
is +tet bread and +te mete / +tet +tou nymst / of +te sacrement
<P I,111>
of +te wyeuede / +tet +tou sselt ete zuy+te / and
glotounliche / ase tek+t +te writinge / ase de+t +te lecherous
+tane guode mete: +tet o+terhuil uorzuel+g+t +tane guode
snode / wy+t-oute chewynge. +tet is to zigge / +tet +tou
sselt nyme +terne mete mid greate wylle of herte / and
mid grat lost. And +tou hit sselt ase hit by uorzuel+ge /
wy+t-oute chewynge. and +tet is to zigge. yleue ine grat /
+tet / +tet hit is +te zo+te bodi of Iesu crist. and +te zaule.
and +te godhede / al to-gydere / wy+t-oute to zeche: hou
hit may by. Vor god may more do: +tanne man mo+ge
onderstonde. Efterward me ssel +terne mete eft chyewe /
ase +te oxe +tet gers +tet he he+t uorzuol+ge. +Tet is to
zigge +tet me ssel recordi zueteliche and smalliche be
little stechches / alle +te guodnesses of oure lhorde and
al +tet Iesu crist +tolede ine er+te uor ous. And +tanne 
vint +te herte +tane ri+gte smac of +te ilke mete. and          #
onderua[{n{]g+t
ane wel greate hete of +te loue of god. and ane wel
greate wylnynge to do yno+g an to +tolye uor him al +tet he
mi+gte. and al +tis de+t +te uirtue of +to breade. Vor +tet is  #
+tet
bread +tet conforte+t and streng+te+t +te herte / to +tet hy by
wel strang uor to +tolye / and do grat +ting uor godes
loue. Ac +tet ne may na+gt by wy+t-oute +te uer+te yef+te
of +te holy gost / +tet is y-cleped +te yef+t of streng+te /    #
+tet
arme+t godes kny+gt / and him de+t yerne to by martired.
and make+t ham le+g+ge betuene +te tormens. Nou mi+gt
+tou wel yzy hou corteysliche / huanne we acse+t +tet ilke
bread: we acse+t +tane yef+te of stre[{n{]g+te. Vor ase +tet
bread bodylich / sostene+t and streng+te+t +tet bodi: alsuo
+te yef+te of stre[{n{]g+te make+t +te herte strang to +tolye /
and to done grat +ting uor god. +Tet ilke bread we hit
clepiy+t oure / uor hit wes ymad of oure do+ge. yblissed
by +te guode wyfman: +tet of hiren +tet flour +ter to dede.
+Tet wes +te mayde Marie. and yfryd ine +te panne of +te 
crouche / ase he zay+t ine +te sautere. uorzo+te uorzo+te
yfryd ine his o+gene blode. uor +tet dede he / ine +te greate
wylle of his loue / +tet he hedde to ous. And +tet is +tet
<P I,112>
bread tuies y-bake / huermide he astore+t his ssip. +tet
is holy cherche / uor to pasy +te greate ze / of +tise
perilouse wordle. Hit is oure. uor he hit ous let: at
his yleaue nymynge / and at his laste bequide / Iesu
crist +te wel large / ase meste greate tresor: +tet he ous
mi+gte lete. and hit ous yaf ase +tet uayreste iowel / +tet
he ous mi+gte yeue. and +tet we hit ssolde loky: uor his 
loue. Hit is uorzo+te oure / uor no+ting ne may / hit ous
benime toyens oure wylle. We hit clepie+t oure bread
of echedaye. +tet is to zigge / of eche daye. uor +tet is +te
echedayes dol / +tet god yef+t to his wel wilynde: +tet
eche daye do+t his seruice / and zigge+t his oures. +tet is
to alle guode herten / +tet eche daye zueteliche be zo+te
loue make+t memorie / and be+tenchinge of his passion.
   +Tet greate of +te prouendre / we nime+t ine oure
heruest ine heuene / huanne we him ssolle ysy on wry+ge /
ine his uayrhede / ase he is. Hit is ysed +teruore echedayes:
+tet eche daye / hit is ous nyeduol. and echedaye
me ssel hit nyme / o+ter ate sacrement of +te wefde / ase
do+t +te prestes: o+ter gostliche be ri+gte byleaue. +Tet
bread is wel precious / an wel noble / and wel ydi+gt.
+Tet is kynges mete / huerinne bye+t ech manyere lykinges /
and alle guode smackes / ase zay+t +te boc of
wysdome. +tet ne is na+gt mete to gromes / ne to yeue.
ne to piecaille. ne to cheuaille. ne to cherles. ac to
noble herten and gentil. an cortays. and clene. +tet is
to +te herte +tet is gentil be grace. noble / be guod lyf.
yclensed / and ywesse be zo+te ssrifte. Of +tise uirtue
spek+t saynt matheu +te wangeliste / and hit clepe+t ziker
bread substanciel. +tet is to zigge: +tet pase+t / and
ouerge+t alle substances / and alle ssep+tes be ver. ine
uirtue / and ine dingnete` / and ine alle o+tre maneres of 
wor+t. ne me ne may betere write / ne more yno+g:
+tanne wit substances. Me zay+t +tet mete is +te                #
mi+g[{t{]uoller
/ +tanne he he+t yno+g of my+gte. and of norissinge. 
and +te more +tet he is norissinde: me zay+t +tet he 
<P I,113>
is +te substancieler. and +tere-uore +tet ine +tise breade is
more uirtue / and of guod / and of norture / +tanne me
mo+ge +tenche / o+ter zigge. ne zay+t me na+gt +tet hit is
substanciel. alsuo me zay+t +tet hit is ope substance / 
+tet is / uirtuous / and substanciel aboue onderstondigge 
/ and wenynge. +Tet bread we bydde+t to oure
uader. and him we bidde+t / +tet he hit ous yeue to-day.
ine +tise daye / +tet is ine +tise dyadliche liue. zuo +tet
we mo+ge maky ane guode iornee / and to abyde +te
gledlaker oure ssepe. +Tet is +te peny +tet he yef+t to his
workmen / h[{u{]anne euen com+t. +tet is +te ende of +te 
liue.

[}+TE VIFTE BENE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]

   (\Dimitte nobis debita nostra sicut et nos dimittimus
debitoribus nostris.\) Ine +tise bene we bidde+t oure
uader of heuene / +tet he ous wylle uoryeue / oure
misdedes / ase we uoryeue+t to ham: +tet ous mis-do+t.
o+ter habbe+t mis-do. +tanne zigge we +tus. 'Leue uader /
uoryef ous oure dettes: ase we uoryeue+t oure dettours.'
Oure dettes: bye+t oure zennes / +tet we habbe+t ydo
wexe ope oute zaulen. +tet is +tet beste wed of +te house.
+Te zenuolle be one zenne dyadlich / +tet zuo zone is
y-pased / ase to +te loste / o+ter ase to +te dede / is
y-obliged to zuo ane greate gauelinge: +tet he ne he+t
mi+gte to hit endi. +tet is to +te pine of helle / +tet is
wy+t-oute ende. Efterward / he ssel to gode / +tet he
he+t ywre+ted / zuo grat amendes: +tet he ne he+t mi+gte
uor to yelde. Vor ine al his lyue +ta+g ha leuede an
hondred year o+ter more: he ne mi+gte na+gt do uoluellinde 
penonce of one dyadliche zenne / yef god wolde
usy to yelde dom. And +teruore hit behoue+t to yerne
to +te cort of merci and bidde merci / and aksy uoryeuenesse.
Vor be +te ri+gte of +te cort of dom / +te zene+gere 
ssolde by demd / and ycondemned to dya+te eurelestinde. 
+Teruore oure guode mayster Iesu crist ous
<P I,114>
tek+t zuo to oxi uoryeuenesse and quittinge huanne we
bidde+t oure guode uader +tet is zuete and milde / uor to
y[{e{]uene: large and corteys / +tet he ous uory[{e{]ue oure
misdedes.
   Ac nim wel hede hou +tou bidde. 'Voryef ous oure
misdedis / ase we uoryeue+t to ham: +tet ous habbe+t 
misdo.' Vor yef we ne uoryeue+t to ham +tet ous habbe+t
mi[{s{]do: god ne uoryef+t na+gt ous oure misdedes. ase
he him-zelf zay+t ous / ine +te godspelle. +Tanne he +tet
zay+t his pater noster / and he+t ine his herte hate /
wre+te / o+ter wyckedhede: he bit more aye him-zelue:
+tanne uor him-zelue. Vor he bit god / +tet he ne
uoryeue him na+gt / huanne he zay+t. 'uoryef me: ase ich
uoryeue.' and uor +tet at alle +te times +tet +tou zayst +ti
pater noster beuore god +tet yzi+g+t +tine herte: +tou sselt
uoryeue +tine wyckede wil / and keste out of +tine herte:
alle wre+te / and alle hate. and euelwyl. o+terlaker +ti
bene is more aye +te: +tanne uor +te. Yef hit +te +ting+t
strang +ting and kuead uor to uoryeuene / +tin euel wyl
to ham +tet +te hatie+t / o+ter +tet +te kuead wille+t / huer
he al misde+t: +tench +tet god uoryaf his dya+t to ham
+tet him dede a+te rode / +te uor to yeue uorbisne / uor
to uoryeue to ham / +tet +te habbe+t misdo / and more
yet eft: ham guod do: yef hi habe+t nye[{de{] to +te. Vor
ase he zay+t ine his spelle. Ne is hit na+gt grat +ting ne
grat ofseruinge aye god to do guod to ham +tet ous do+t
guod. ne to louie +to +tet ous louye+t? Vor +tet de+t +te
paen / and +te sarasyn / and o+tre zene+geres. Ac we +tet
bye+t godes children be byleaue and be grace / and we 
bye+t cristene ynemned of Iesu crist / and we bye+t eyrs
mid him of +te heritage of paradys / of ous to uoryeue
+te on to +te o+tre / and louye oure uyendes. +tet is to
zigge hare persones. an bidde uor ham / and do ham
guod yef hy habbe+t nyede and +tou hit mi+g[{t{] do. Vor +tus
he hit hat ine his spelle. +Tanne ssolle we onlepiliche
hatye +te zennes / and louie +te zaules. +tet bye+t ymad
<P I,115>
to +te anliknesse of oure lorde. Alsuo ase a leme of +te
bodye / loue+t and uorber+t an o+ter. yef o leme bleche+t
an o+ter be cas. +te o+ter na+gt him awrec+t +teruore. We
bye+t al o body ine Iesu crist / ase zay+t +te apostel. and
+teruore we ssolle ech louye o+ter / and na+gt hatie / ne
harmi mid wrong / on / +te o+ter. Huo +tet o+terlaker
de+t: he is mansla+gte / and him-zelue damne+t ase zay+t
+te wrytinge. Zuych can zigge his pater noster: him
were betere +tet he were stille. uor he let his domes-man:
ayens him.
   Ine +tise bene +tet we do+t to gode. we him bezeche+t
one yef+te of +te holy gost / +tet is y-cleped / +te yef+te /
of connynge. +tet make+t +tane man ine +to+gte and uol of 
wytte. +Tes gost him ssewe+t huet he is. and ine huet
peril he is. and huannes he com+t. and huyder he ge+t.
and +tet he de+t. and +te misdede +tet he he+t ydo. and
hou moche / he he+t hyer ywonne. and hou moche he
ssel. And huanne he yzi+gt +tet he ne he+t huermide
endy: +tanne him de+t +tes gost wepe / and grede merci
to god / and zigge. 'Lhord / uoryef me mine dettes.
+tet bye+t myne zennen. Vor ich am mochel ine dette
ayen +te / and uor +te queades +tet ich habbe ydo. and
uor +te guodes +tet ich habbe uoryete / and ylete to done.
+tet ich my+gte / and ssolde habbe ydo. And uor +to
guodes +tet +tou me hest ydo. and +tine greate guodnesses 
+tet ich habbe eche daye onderuonge / huyche
ich habbe kueadliche yvzed / and +te kueadliche
yserued. And +teruore lhord ich ne habbe huer-of
maki +te yeldinge: uoryef me +tet ich +te ssel.' Huanne
+tes gost him he+t zuo aly+gt / +tet he knau+t his defautes:
and +tanne him de+t keste out of +te herte alle wre+te /
and alle hate / and al to uoryeue his euele ywyl / yef
+ter is eni. and yef +ter ne is: he is ine wylle and ine
porpos uor to uoryeuene mid herte / yef me him misde+t.
And +tanne may he zigge wel. 'Vayre uader uoryef ous 
oure misdedes / ase we do+t to ham: +tet ous habbe+t misdo.'

<P I,116>
[}+TE ZIXTE BENE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]

   (\Et ne nos inducas in temptacionem.\) +te ybernde:
uer dret. and +te ilke +tet o+terhuyl yualle is in-to zenne. 
huanne +te zenne him is uory[{e{]ue: he is +te more milde:
and +te more dreduol / and +te more he he+t grater drede
of uondinge. +Teruore bit he hier to huam god his misdedes 
uoryef+t / +tet he hine loky uram ayen-uallinge.
(\Et ne nos inducas in temptacionem.\) +tet is to zigge.
'Vayre zuete uader / ne led ous na+gt in-to uondinge.' +Te
dyeuel is +te uondere. vor hit is his creft / huer-of he
serue+t ine godes house / uor to proui +te newe kny+gtes.
and yef +te uondinge nere guod and uremuol to guode /
god +tet al make+t uor oure guode / nolde na+gt +tolye +tet
hi come. Ac ase zay+t sant bernard. huanne +te uondere
ous knoke+t ope +tane reg: he ous ssep+t oure corounes
of blisse. Ase +te ilke +tet ope +te regge of +te guode
kny+gte / smit and beat / him ssept his los: and his
blisse. +Te dyeuel +terto propreliche uonde+t +tane man:
+tet he hine my+gte wy+t-dra+ge uram +te loue of god.
+Teruore bit sainte pawel his deciples / +tet hi by yzet
ase tours. yroted ase trawes: in loue. zuo +tet non
uondinge him ne mo+ge refye / ne rocky. +Teruore ine
+tise bezechinge we acse+t help of gode ine oure batayle /
and +te yef+te of pite`. +tet is a grace +tet bedeawe+t +te
herte and make+t his zuete and reu+teuol. and make+t 
his al become grene / and ber+t yno+g frut of guode
workes wy+t-oute and wy+t-inne er+te / streng+ti his roten
ine +te er+te of libbende. +tet is ase +tet guode mortyer /
huer-of me make+t +te guode walles sarzineys +tet me ne
may na+gt breke / ne mid pic / ne mid mongenel.
+Tanne huanne we zigge+t. (\et ne nos inducas in                #
temptacionem.\)
+tet is to zigge. 'Vayre zuete uader / make oure
herten ueste / an stedeuest / +tet hi ne ssake uor none
uondynge +tet to hare com+t.' We ne bydde+t na+gt / +tet
we ne ssolle by uonded: Vor +tet were a fole bezechinge /
<P I,117>
and ssamuol. Ase +te zone of a guod man +tet 
ssel by a newe kny+gt him bezek+t. 'Leue uader ich +te
bidde +tet +tou me loki +tet ich ne guo neuremo: ne to
ioustes / ne to tornemens.' We wylle+t wel +tet we by
yuonded. vor hit is oure ureme ine uele maneres. uor
we bye+t +te more ymylded / and +te dreduoller / and +te
more wys ine alle +tinges. and +te more wor+t / an +te
more asayd. Vor ase zay+t salomon. Ze +tet ne he+t +tise
uondinges: he ne may no+ting wel conne. bote ase me
kan +te batayle of troye / be hyere-zigginge. Vor he ne
may him-zelue yknawe / ne him uestni ine +te streng+te
of his uyendes / ne hare sotylhede. and hou god is
trewe to +te nyede / his uryend uor to helpe. ne of hou
uele zennes / ne of hou uele perils / he he+t +te ofte
yloked. and uor alle +tise skeles / he ne ssel na+gt ari+gt
conne god louie / ne him +tonki of his guode. Ac we
him bidde+t +tet he loky oure herten / +tet hi ne guo in-to
uondynge / +tet is +tet hi ne consenti. Vor al +tet is 
of ous: we bye+t zuo poure / and zuo fyeble / +tet we
ne mo+ge na+gt ane time of +te daye +tolye +te asaylinges
of +te dyeule: wy+t-oute +te help of oure lhorde. And
huanne he ous fayle+t: we guo+t +ter-in. Huanne he
ous help+t: we wy+tstonde+t. and we uy+gte+t / and we
ouercome+t. And +teruore we zigge+t. 'Lyeue uader ne
led ous na+gt in-to uondinge. +tet is ne +tole na+gt / +tet we
go in-to consentinge.'

[}+TE ZEUENDE BENE OF +TE HOLY PATER NOSTER.}]

   (\Sed libera nos a malo / amen.\) Saynt austin zay+t.
+tet +te o+tre vices ous make+t o+ter +te kueade to done:
o+ter +te guodes lete to done. Ac al +tet me he+t ydo.
and alle +te yef+tes +tet he he+t yporchaced: prede is ine
wille to destrue / and to benime. An +teruore h[{u{]anne
god he+t y-yeue to man +tet he him he+t ybede ine +tise
zeue benes beuore yzed. +tane uerst hit is nyed uorzo+te:
+tet he him delyuri of +te kueade / and of his aspiinges.
<P I,118>
And +teruore com+t alast +tis bene / ase +te efter-warde /
+tet zay+t +tous. (\Sed libera nos a malo. amen.\) +tet is to 
zigge: 'Lyeue uader deliure o[{u{]s of +te kueade. +tet is to
zigge: of +te dy[{e{]uele. and of his sle+g+tes. +tet we ne     #
lyese
be prede / +te guodes: +tet +tou ous hest y-yeue.' Inne
+tise bene we him bidde+t / +tet he ous yeue +te yef+te / of 
drede. huer-by we ssolle by delyured of +te kueade / and
of alle o+ter kuead. +Tet is of alle zene / and of alle
perils ine +tise wordle: and ine +te o+tre. Amen.
   Nou hest +tou y-herd +te notes / +tet me kan noty ope
+tise zonge +tet god made. +tet is +tet pater noster. Nou
loke +tet +tou hit conne wel zinge ine +tine herte. Vor
grat guod +te ssel beualle: yef +tou zuo dest. 

<S SAMPLE 2> 
<P I,249>
   Sobrete` ne is o+ter +ting +tanne to loki ri+gte
mesure. +tet alneway halt +tane middel ine to moche:
and to lite. be +tan +tet scele a-li+gt be grace tek+t. Vor
ine +tise timliche guodes / +tet / +tet is to moche to
onen: is to lite to ano+tren / and +tet / +tet is to moche
to ane poure manne: to ane riche manne hit were ofte-zi+tes
<P I,250>
to lite. Ac sobrete` and temperance / zet ouer-al
mesure. Alsuo ine gostliche guodes: ase ine uestinges /
ine wakiinges / ine dissiplines / and ine o+tre dedes of 
uirtue / +tet bye+t y-do uor god / an uor note of +te
zaule: zet mesure. zuyche ase scele acse+t. +Te uirtue
of temperance and of sobrete`. +te ilke uirtues loke+t
mesure sceluolle. na+gt onlepiliche ine mete and ine
drinke: ac in alle uirtues. ase zay[{+t{] saynt bernard.
Vor +tise uirtue zet alle +te +to+gtes. alle +te willes. alle   #
+te
steriynges of +te herte. and alle +te wyttes of +te bodye /
outnime +te lhordssip of ri+gte scele. ase zay+t tullius +te
wyse. zuo +tet a li+gte scele be yef+te of wysdome /
halt ine pese +te lhordssip of +te herte / and of +te bodie.
and +tet is +te ende and +te onderstondinge of alle
uirtues +tet +te herte and +tet body by wel y-ordayned to
god. zuo +tet god onlepiliche by he+g lhord. ine zuyche
manere +tet al by ine his bo+gsamnesse al +tet he he+t ine
+te regne of bodye and of +te zaule. and +tet make+t
sobre loue of god. +tet zet of al / +te herte in-to +te wille
of god. +Tanne zaynt austin zay+t. +tet +te uirtue of 
temperance and of sobrete / is alone +tet is yloked to
god y-hollyche wy+t-oute corrupcion. and ous wy+tdra+g+t
uram +te loue of hier bene+te. +tet is +te loue of
+tise wordle / +tet troubleth +te herte of man / and hise
zet ine zor+ge. and him benim+t ri+gtuolle knaulechinge of
god / and of him-zelue. Alsuo ase me ne zi+g+t na+gt
bri+gtliche ine +te wetere ystered. Ac +te loue of god /
+tet is wel y-clensed of alle er+tliche loue / and of alle
ulessliche willes zet +te herte ine pais. Vor hi him de+t
and zet ine his o+gene stede. +tet is ine gode. +Ter he him
reste+t. +ter he is in pais. ne ne he+t blisse / ne reste:
bote +ter. +Tanne zay+t oure lhord ine his spelle. '+tou
sselt by ine trauayl ine +tise wordle. ac ine me +tou
sselt vinde reste.' And saynt austin zede. 'Lhord:
min herte ne may by ine pais: alhuet hi reste+t ine
+te.' +Te ilke loue ne wext na+gt of er+te / ne of mares.
<P I,251>
Of +tise wordle. Ac hy com+t doun of +te he+ge roche
hueroppe hi ys yzet and y-mad +te greate cite of 
paradis / end +te cite of holi cherche. +Tet is Iesu
crist / ope huam bye+t y-set and ymad uestliche be
guode bileaue. +te stronge casteles. +tet bye+t +te herten 
of guode men. Of +to he+ge roche com+t doun +te welle
of loue ine herte +tet is wel y-clenzed uor +te loue of +te
wordle. +Te ilke welle is zuo clier and zuo y-zendred /
+tet +te herte hire y-knau+t / and y-zi+g+t hire zelue and
hire makiere. alsuo ase me yzi+g+t in ane uayre welle
wel yzendred. ope +to welle +te herte reste+t efter +te
trauayl of guode workes / ase we rede+t of Iesu crist
oure lhord. +Tet +to he hedde zuo moche y-guo +tet he
wes al weri / he him zette and restede ope +te welle. +Te
ilke welle boue +tet guode herte / he +tet him wille
ber+ge / him reste+t is +te loue of god. +Te ilke welle is
zuo zuete and of zuo guod smac: +tet +te ilke +tet +terof
dring+t / uoryet alle o+tre zuetnesses and o+tre smakkes.
+Te ilke welle ne uel+t na+gt +tane fanc ne +te er+te / ne
+tane merss of +tise wordle / and +teruore hy is zuete and
of guod smac to drinke. uor ase moche ase +te welle
yuel+t lesse of +te er+te: zuo moche hi is +to holer and
+te betere of to drinke. +Tet is +te welle of wytte and of
wysdome. uor +te ilke +tet +terof dring+t / he knau+t wyt
and wysdom and vel+t / and smacke+t +te greate zuetnesse
+tet is ine god / and +tet is +te he+geste wyt of
man: wel to knawe his sseppere / and him louie mid
al his herte. Vor wy+toute +tise filosofie / alle o+tre
wyttes ys folye. 
   Zuych wyt zet +te holy gost ine herte / +tanne he
him yef+t +tane yef+te of wisdom / +tet is herte of gostliche
blisse / and hire adraynk+t / and make+t him
dronke of holy loue. Huet wyt is +tet / +tet +te holy
gost zet in-to +te herte wel y-clenzed: +tet ich habbe
hier be-uore y-ssewed / huer +tet is spek of +te wyttes of
+te zaule / ate ginninge of +te dra+g+te of uirtue. and         #
+teruore
<P I,252>
ich paci +te ssortlaker. +Tet gostliche wyt +tet com+t 
of stedeuest loue of god. make+t +te herte sobre / and
zofte / and alle +tinges a-mesure+t / zuo +tet +te herte +tet
is ine zuich stat is ine payse / ase hi may by ine +tise
dyadliche liue. Vor ine +tise wordle / non ne may
libbe wy+t-oute torment / and wy+t-oute zome vi+gtinge
of temptacion. +tet god zent ofte uor to uondi his
kny+gtes. and uor +tan +tet hi conne usy of armes of
uirtue. uor o+terlaker hi ne mo+ge by guode kny+gtes.
+Tanne me cou+te maky +te tornoymens ine time of pays.
Ac huanne +te guode kny+gt het ouercome +tet tornoyment: 
he went ayen to his house. +ter he him reste+t
al in eyse. Alsuo de+t +te guode herte huanne hi he+t
wel yuo+gte and he+t ouercome +tet tornenoyment of
uondinges: ha com+t ayen to him-zelue / and him
reste+t ine god. +Tet him conforte+t efter +te trauayl / zuo
+tet he +ter uoryet al his trauayl. and ne +teng+t bote of
god. huer he uint al +tet he wilne+t. +Tet is +tet frut +tet
+te traw of sobrete` ber+t / +tet com+t of +te yef+te of        #
wysdom /
ase ich habbe aboue yzed.

[}OF +TE STAPES OF SOBRETE`.}]

   Ase ich habbe aboue yssewed / sobrete` ne is o+ter
+ting / bote to loky ri+gte mesure ine alle +tinges. Ac
specialliche: ine vyf +tinges me ssel loki mesure. +Tet
bye+t alsuo ase zeue stapes huerby wext and profite+t +tet
traw of sobrete`.
   +Te uerste stape of sobrete` is / +tet me zette mesure in
his onderstondinge. spacialliche to +te articles and to +te
poyns of +te beleaue. +Te ilke ouerge+t mesure / +tet wyle
zeche kendelich skele / ine +tan +tet is aboue onderstondinge /
ase do+t +te bougres / and +te misbylefde. +tet
wylle+t mesuri +te beleaue be hare onderstondinge. ac hi
ssolden mesuri hire onderstondinge and hare skele to +te
mesure of +te beleaue / +tet god ous he+t y-yeue. And
salomon zayde to his zone. 'Vayre zone / do in-to +tine
<P I,253>
wytte mesure.' +Tet is to zigge / +tet tou ne bi na+gt / of 
zuo o+gene wytte / ne na+gt zuo ypi+gt in +tine ouerweninge:
+tet +tou ne flechchi / uor to leue to guod red. and +tet
+tou ne lete +tin o+gene wyt / uor to bou+ge to +te wyser
+tanne +tou. And specialliche to +te articles of +te beleaue
me ssel lete his o+gene wyt / and his onderstondinge
flechchi / and zette ine +treldom of +te beleaue / ase zay+t
zayte paul. na+gt uor to apeluchier ne zeche kendelich
scele. huer he non ne he+t / ase do+t +te bysye / o+ter +te
malancolien / +tet bye+t ylich +tan +tet zek+g +te crammeles
ine +te russoles. o+ter +tan +tet zek+t +tet uel ine +te aye /
o+ter +tane knotte ine +te resse.
   +Te o+ter stape is / +tet me zette mesure ine +te loste
and mid +te likinge of +te wille / +tet me ne him ne aslaky
na+gt to moche +tane bridel to yerne to lostes of +te ulesse /
ne to +te couaytise of +tise wordle. +Tanne +te wyse zay+t
ine +te writ[{i{]nge. 'Ne uol+ge na+gt' he zay+t '+te           #
couaitises ne
+te wylninges of +tine herte / and +te miswende to do +ti 
wyl / +tet +tou hit ne uoluelle na+gt. and yeld guod skele.
uor yef +tou dest to +tine herte his wyl: +tou makest 
blisse to +tine vyendes / +tet bye+t +te dyeulen of helle.'
uor alsuo ase +te ilke +tet make+t blisse to his uo / ayens
huam he ssel ui+gte / huanne he him yelt to him ouercome.
Yef he him yelt ouercome to +te dyeule +tet him
consente+t to his euele wylninges. +Teruore zay+t zay[{n{]te 
peter +te apostel. 'ich you helsny / +tet ye ase oncou+te /
and pilgrimes / you loki uram wilninges.' +Te ilke +tet
is pilgrim and ine oncou+te contraye / huer bye+t manye
+tyeues an robberes +tet aspie+t +te pilgrims / and wayte+t
+te wayes: ham loke+t moche / +tet hi ne ualle ine +te
honden of +tyeues. and +teng+t hou he may guo zikerliche.
Alle +te guode men ine +tise wordle bye+t oncou+te and
pilgrims. Hi bye+t oncou+te / uor hi bye+t oute of hare
contraye. +tet is paradys. +tet is +te contraye / and heritage
to guode men. Hi ne bye+t +tenchinde bote uor to 
uoluelle hire iornayes / al huet hi come+t to hare eritage /
<P I,254>
+tet is +te cite` of paradis / +tet +te guode pilgrims          #
zeche+t. ase
zay+t zaynte paul +tet ne habbe+t / ne nolle+t habbe +te        #
eritage
hier ine +tise wordle. Zuyche pilgrims +tet wille+t guo
zikerliche: hi do+t ham ofte ine guode uela+grede / and
ine zikere guoinge. +Te guode uela+grede +tet let zikerliche
and guo+t ri+gtuolliche / is byleaue / and loue. beleaue / 
let +tane way to pilgrimes. ac loue his ber+t. zuo +tet +te
way ham greue+t lite / o+ter na+gt. Huo +tet he+t zuyche
uela+grede: he ne he+t of +tyues none drede +tet wayte+t +te
wayes. +Tet bye+t dyeulen +tet nime+t and robbe+t alle
+to / +tet none zuiche uela+grede ne habbe+t. +Tet bye+t +to
+tet wylle+t do hyere / hyre lostes: +tet ham do+t in-to +te
honden / and in-to +te grines of +te dyeule. Beleaue /
and loue of god. of-halt +te herte / and his wy+tdra+gt
uram queade +to+gtes / and uram fole lostes / +tet he ne
consenti. Alsuo ase me ofhalt +tane uo+gel be +te ges /
+tet he ne vly to his wylle. +Te herte is ase is +te uo+gel
+tet wolde vly to his wylle / and bote hy by ofhealde /
be +te ges of beleaue / and of loue / hy uly+g+t                #
perilousliche /
zuo +tet hy hyre spil+t / and ual+t ofte into +te
grines / of +te uo+gelere of helle. +tet is +te dyeuel / +tet   #
ne
wylne+t / bote to nime +tane uo+gel. +Teruore +te guode
men and +te wyse / wy+tdra+ge+t hare wyl / and hare
lostes / and hare +to+gtes. be temperance and be sobrete`.
Huerof senekes zay+t. 'yef +tou louest to bi sobre / and
atempre: wy+tscore / and wy+tdra+g +tine willes / and zete
ane brydel to +tine couaytises.' Vor alsuo ase me wy+t-halt
+tet hors by +te bridle +tet hit ne guo na+gt to his
wille: alsuo me ssel ofhyealde +te herte be +te briddle of
sobrete` / +te hy ne yeue hire na+gt / to +te wille ne to +te 
couaytise of +tise wordle.
   +Te +tridde stape of sobrete` is / zette and loki mesure
ine wordes. Huerof salomon zay+t. +Tet '+te wyse / and
+te wel yto+gte / tempre+t / and mesure+t his wordes.' And
saynt Ierome zay+t. +tet 'mid ueawe wordes / is y-proued
<P I,255>
mannes lyf.' +tet is to zigge. by +te wordes me
may yknawe +te folyes / and +te wyttes of men. Vor
ase me knau+t +tet zuin be +te tonge / yef hit ys hol.
o+ter aboue y-zawe. and +teruore zay+t +te wyse ine +te
writinge. +tet '+te wordes of +te wyse bye+t y-we+ge ine +te
waye.' +Tet is to zigge / +tet +te wyse ssel zuo we+ge +te
wordes ine +te waye of skele and of discrecion +tet +ter ne
by na+gt to wy+t-nymene. Zome uolk bye+t / +tet ne mo+ge
ham na+gt hyalde stille / ne na+gt ham loki / +tet  hi ne       #
zigge /
by hit zo+t by hit leazinge. +Tet bye+t ase +te melle wy+t-oute
scluse. +tet alne-way went be +te yernynge of +te 
wetere. Vor hi habbe+t ase uele wordes / ase +ter com+t
of weter to +te melle. Ac +te wise zette+t +te scluse of
discrecion / uor to ofhealde +tet weter of fole wordes.
and to uele. +tet hi ne guo be +te melle of +te tonge. +Teruore
zay+t +te wyse ine +te writinge. 'Yzi+g +tet weter
yerne.' +Tet is to zigge: hald +tine wordes ine +te scluse
of discrecion. uor ase zay+t salomon. 'Huo +tet let guo
+tet weter to his wille: he is ofte cause of strif / and of
chidinge / and of manie kuedes / +tet come+t of kueade
tonge.' ase ich habbe be-uore yzed / ine +te chapitele of
uices. huer ich spek of +te zenne of +te tonge. +Teruore
zay+t wel +te wyse ine +te writinge. 'do' zay+t he / '+tine
wordes ine waye / and guod bridel ine +tine mou+te. and
nim nede +tet +tou ne ualle be +tine tonge be-uore +tine
uo: +tet +te asspie+t.' An-o+ter zay+t. 'Do to +tine mou+te /
a dore and a loc. and to +tine wordes: a waye and a
yok.' Huo +tet ne we+g+t his wordes ine +te waye of discrecion.
and ne ofhalt na+gt his tonge by +te bridle of skele.
+tet ssel ofhyealde +te tonge of kueade wordes. he ual+t
li+gtliche ine +te honden of his uon. +tet bye+t +te dyeulen /
+tet oueral ous aspie+t / and wayte+t. Huanne +te von /
+tet vi+gte+t aye +tane castel / yef hi vynde+t +te gate oppe:
hi guo+t in li+gtliche. alsuo +te dyeuel +tet ui+gt wy+t +tane
castel of +te herte / huanne he uint +te gate oppe / +tet
is +te mou+t / he nim+t li+gtliche +tane castel. And +teruore
<P I,256>
zayde daui+t ine +te sautere. 'Ich sette guode lokinge to
+te mou+te aye mine yuo' / +tat is +te dyeuel. +Te lokinge
of +te mou+te / +tet is skele and discrecion. +tet examene+t
+te wordes / er+tan hi guo out ate mo+te. +Tis is +te vi+gt
huerof +te wyse spek+t ase ich habbe aboue yzed / huer
me ssel we+ge +tet word er hit by yzed. And +tou sselt
ywyte / +tet zo+tnesse halt +tise ri+gtuolle waye. Vor
zo+tnesse acorde+t +te onderstondinge of +te herte: and
+tet word of +te mou+te / as hit is ine +te herte. +Tis waye
ne ssel hongi of +tis half / ne of yend half / ari+gthalf ne
alefthalf. +Tet uor none priue` loue of man ne of wyfman.
ne uor timlich note. ne uor hate of o+tren: me
ne ssel lete to zigge zo+t / huer +tet me ssel / and huanne
hit is nyed. ne leazinges / ne ualsnesse / me ne ssel
zigge uor nenne man.
   Ase me ssel loki mesure ine wordes: alsuo me ssel 
loki mesure ine hyer+te. Vor asewel me may zene+gy ine
kuede hyer+te: ase ine kueade speche. +Tanne +te ilke 
+tet yhyer+t ble+teliche missigge o+tren: ys partiner /
and uela+ge of +te zenne of +tan +tet he yher+t. +Tet non ne
wolde zigge ble+teliche kuead of o+tren / nameliche to-uore
greate men / bote yef he ne wende +tet hit likede
to him +tet hit hyer+t. +Tanne an hal+gen zay+t. +tet 'non
ne ssolde by misziggere: bote +ter by an hyerere.' +Teruore
salomon zay+t. 'te nor+tene wynd / to-+trau+t +te
raynes / and +te lourinde chiere: +te wordes of +te
missiggere.' +Tise greate men hi ssolden wel ham loki / +tet
hi hiere+t / and +tet hi leue+t. +tet hi vinde+t veawe / +tet
zo+t ham zigge. Ac ulatours / and lye+geres / bye+t to
grat cheap ine hare cort. +Te meste dier+te +tet is aboute
ham / is of zo+tnesse / an of trew+te. and +teruore hi bye+t
ofte y-giled. +Tet hi yhere+t ble+teliche / and y-leue+t
li+gtliche +tet me ham zay+t and +tet ham like+t. Senekes
zay+t. +tet +ter ne lacke+t to greate lhordes: bote zo+t 
ziggeres. Vor hi habbe+t lye+geres / and vlatours: to
greate cheape. and veawe zo+t ziggeres. Me ssel habbe
<P I,257>
+te earen opene / uor to hyere ble+teliche / +te guode 
wordes / +tet bye+t wor+t to +te help of zaule. and y-sset:
to fole wordes / ydele / and queade. +tet mo+ge do harm:
and ne mo+ge do guod. +Teruore +te wyse zay+t ine +te
writinge. 'Stoppe +tine earen mid +tornes. and ne hyer
na+gt +te queade tongen.' +te queade tonge: is tonge of
eddre of helle / +tet +te misziggeres bere+t. and enuenime+t
+to +tet his y-here+t. Aye zuyche tongen me ssel stoppi
+te yeren mid +tornes / mid the drede of oure lorde /
o+ter mid +te +tornes huermide god wes y-corouned / uor
be+tenchinge of his passion: Vor huo +tet he+t drede of
god / and be+tenchinge of his passion: he nolde na+gt
ble+teliche y-hyere +te misziggeres / ne flatours / ne fole
wordes / ne lodliche. In ano+tre manere me may onderstonde 
+tis word. 'Stoppe +tine yeren mid +tornes.'
+Te +tornes +tet prikie+t / be-tokne+t harde wordes and
prekiinde / heruore me ssel wy+tnime +te missiggeres /
and maki his stille and ssewy semblont +tet me ne hier+t
his na+gt ble+teliche. +Ter is an eddre +tet is y-hote ine
latin / (\aspis\) . +tet is of zuiche kende / +tet hi stoppe+t  #
+tet
on eare mid er+te / and +tet o+ter mid hare tayle / +tet hi
ne yhere +tane charmere. +Te ilke eddre ous tek+t a wel
grat wyt / +tet we ne hyere na+gt +tane charmere / +tet is
+te lye+gere / and +te flatour. +tet ofte be-charme+t +te riche
men. Ac huo +tet stoppe+t +tet on eare mid er+te / and 
+tet o+ter mid +te tayle: he ne ssolde habbe none hede to
bi be-charmed of +te dyeule / ne of kueade tongen.
+Te ilke stoppe+t +tet on eare mid er+te: +tet +teng+t +tet he
is of er+te / and to er+te ssel come. and zuo +tenche his 
uoulhede and his ziknesse. hueruore he him ssel moche
mildi: and na+gt him praysy. +Tet o+ter eare stoppi mid
+te tayle / uor to be+tenche of +te dya+te / +tet him ssel
wel astonie. Huo +tet +tus cou+te stoppi his earen:
he nolde yhyere ble+teliche zigge / ne recordi +ting: +tet
ssolde misliki god. and zuo ssolde he by wel ytempred /
<P I,258>
and amesured ine hyer+te and ine lhestinge. And +tis
is +te uer+te stape of sobrete.
   +Te uifte stape is / to loki mesure of ssredinge of 
preciouse robes / huerof me pase+t moche mesure / and 
make+t moche ouerdoinges. and +teruore +tet ouerdede is 
grat zenne / and uelezi+te anchesoun to zene ine o+tren.
+teruore me ssel ine zuyche +tinges loky mesure. Vor
hit is to moche of pris and to moche bysy agray+tinge
ne were zenne: oure lhord ne speke na+gt zuo stefliche
ine his spelle a-ye +te queade riche / +tet zuo ofte ham
ssrede+t / ase of to zofte bougeren and of to moche of
pris pourpre. O. moche is he fol uorzo+te / and child of
wytte / +tet of his ssredinge is proud. Me ssolde him
wel hyealde fol: +tet were proud to bere +te ssredinge.
+Tet ne ssolde by bote a tokne. and a be+tenchinge of +te
ssame of his uader / and of his o+gene. +Tes wone of
robes nes yuounde / bote uor +te zenne of oure uerste
uader uor to wry his confusion / and oure. Huanne
me yzi+g+t bere ane byrie. +tet is tokne +tet +ter is wy+tine
a dyad. alsuo hit y-ual+t ofte / +tet onder +te uayre
robes: is +te zaule dyad be zenne / and nameliche ine
+tan +tet ham gledye+t / and prede+t. Yef +te pokoc him 
prette uor his uayre tayle. and +te coc uor his kombe /
hit ne is no wonder +tet kende ham he+t y-yeue / an
do+t be hare kende. Ac man o+ter wyfman / +tet he+t
wyt and skele / and wot wel +tet kende ne he+t na+gt y-yeue
him +tet ilke ssroud / he ne ssel him na+gt prede:
of +te ssredinge of his bodye. ne of +te quayntises of his
heuede. +Teruore zay+t +te wyse ine +te writinge. 'ne glede
+te na+gt ine uayr ssroud.' And zaynte paul +tus zay[{+t{] .
+Tet +te wyfmen hi ssolle ham agray+ti: mid sobrete`. +tet
is to zigge: be mesure / and wy+t-oute ouerdoinge / be
+te stat / +tet +te wyfman acse+t. Vor zo+te +tet ne is na+gt
wy+t-oute ouerdoinge. +tet on wyfman. ssel habbe uor
hare body ine one yere zuo uele payre of robes / and
of diuerse maneres / huerof manye poure mi+gten by 
<P I,259>
sostened of +tan +tet is to moche. Ac yet eft yef hi
weren ate ende y-yeue uor godes loue to +te poure: yet
hit were zom+ting. ac hi bye+t ofte y-yeue to rybaus +tet
is wel grat zenne. +Teruore me ssel loki mesure ine
zuyche +tinge be +te stat +tet +te persone acse+t ase ich
habbe aboue y-zed.
   +Te zixte stape of temperance and of sobrete` is / +tet
ech loki guode mesure ine his contenonce / and ine his
beringe. +Tanne seneke zay+t. Yef +tou art sobre and
atempred / nim +tou hede +tet +te steriynges of +tine
herte ne of +tine bodye / ne by uoule ne onwor+ti. Vor
of +te discordance of +te herte: com+t +te discordance of
+te bodie. Zome +ter bye+t zuo childhedi / and of zuo 
nice manere / +tet hi make+t ham-zelue to by hyealde
foles. Hit becom+t wel to man of worssipe / and +tet is
ine grat stat / +tet he by wel ordine / and amesured ine
alle his dedes / and in alle his zigginges. and of uayre
contenonce to-uore alle men / zuo +tet non ne mo+ge
nime of him kueade uorbisne / ne +tet he ne by yhealde
uor fol / ne uor child. Vor ase zay+t a grat filosofe.
'child of elde. child of wytte. and child of +teawes:
bye+t al on.' +Te writinge zay+t +tet / +tet child of an
hondred year: ssel by acorsed. +Tet is to zigge. +tet +te
ilke +tet he+t uolle elde / and leue+t ase a child: ssel by 
acorsed of god. +Tanne zaynte paul zayde of him-zelue.
'+To ich wes child: ich dede ase a child. ich +to+gte ase
a child. ac ze+t+te ich com to elde of uol man: ich
uo[{rlet{] alle mine childhedes.' Vor huo +tet halt ald
man uor child: he hine halt uor fol. And +teruore
zay+t zaynte paul. 'Ne by na+gt child of wytte. ac ine
queadnesse by lite.' Nou is hit +tanne guod +ting and 
oneste. profitable / and wor+tssipuol to man an to wyfman /
and nameliche to grat uolk. +tet hi loki sceluolle
mesure / ine berynge ine contenonce / and +tet hi by
wel ordyne oueral. and be-uore god / and be-uore +te
uolke. And +tis is +te zixte stape of +tise trawe.
<P I,260>
   +Te zeuend stape is / to loki mesure ine mete and
ine drinke. Vor ouerdede of mete and of drinke: de+t
moche harm ine bodie and ine zaule. ase ich habbe be-uore
yzed. +Teruore zay+t oure lhord ine his spelle
'Nime+t ye hede / +tet youre herten / ne by ygreued /
ne y-charged of glotounie / ne of dronkehede.' +Tet is to
zigge / +tet +tou ne do ouerdoinge of mete and of drinke.
Sobrete` loke+t mesure ine mete and ine drinke. +tet me 
ne maki ouerdoinge. Of +te ouerdoinges +tet me wes y-woned
to do ine drinke and ine mete / ich habbe yno+g
yspeke ine +te dra+g+te of vices huanne +tet ich spek of +te
zenne of glotunie / to huam +tis uirtue huerof ich habbe
yspeke / zuo is contrarie specialliche. and +teruore ich
nelle nanmore hyer speke.  



<B CMBESTIA>
<Q M2 IR RELT BEST>
<N BESTIARY>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V VERSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  A BESTIARY.
AN OLD ENGLISH MISCELLANY CONTAINING
A BESTIARY, KENTISH SERMONS, PROVERBS
OF ALFRED, RELIGIOUS POEMS OF
THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 49.
ED. R. MORRIS.
LONDON, 1872.
PP. 1.1 - 25.802^]

<P 1>
[}A BESTIARY}]
[} (\NATURA LEONIS J=A=.\) }]
 
+De leun stant on hille,
and he man hunten here
O+der +durg his nese smel,
Smake +dat he negge,
Bi wilc weie so he wile
To dele ni+der wenden,
Alle hise fet steppes
After him he fille+d,
Drage+d dust wi+d his stert
+der he steppe+d,
O+der dust o+der deu,
+tat he ne cunne is finden,
driue+d dun to his den
+dar he him bergen wille.

[}IJ=A=.}]

An o+der kinde he haue+d,
wanne he is ikindled
Stille li+d +de leun,
ne stire+d he nout of slepe
Til +de sunne haue+d sinen
+dries him abuten,
+danne reise+d his fader him
mit te rem +dat he make+d.

<P 2>
[}IIJ=A=.}]

+De +dridde lage haue+d +de leun,
+danne he lie+d to slepen
Sal he neure luken
+de lides of hise egen.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO PRIME NATURE.\) }]

Welle heg is tat hil,
+dat is heuen riche,
vre louerd is te leun,
+de liue+d +der abuuen;
wu +do him likede
to ligten her on er+de,
Migte neure diuel witen,
+dog he be derne hunte,
hu he dun come,
Ne wu he dennede him
in +dat defte meiden,
Marie bi name,
+de him bar to manne frame.

[}IJ=A= ET IIJ=A=.}]

+Do ure drigten ded was,
and doluen, also his wille was,
In a ston stille he lai
til it kam +de dridde dai,
His fader him filstnede swo
+dat he ros fro dede +do,
vs to to lif holden,
wake+d so his wille is,
So hirde for his folde;
He is hirde, we ben sep;
Silden he us wille,
If we heren to his word
+dat we ne gon nowor wille,

<P 3>
[} (\NATURA AQUILE.\) }]

Ki+den i wille +de ernes kinde,
Also ic it o boke rede,
wu he newe+d his gu+dhede,
hu he cume+d ut of elde,
Si+den hise limes arn unwelde,
Si+den his bec is al to-wrong,
Si+den his fligt is al unstrong,
and his egen dimme;
Here+d wu he newe+d him.
A welle he seke+d +dat springe+d ai
bo+de bi nigt and bi dai,
+der-ouer he flege+d, and up he te+d,
til +dat he +de heuene fe+d,
+durg skies sexe and seuene
til he cume+d to heuene;
So rigt so he cunne
he houe+d in +de sunne;
+de sunne swide+d al his fligt,
and oc it make+d his egen brigt,
Hise fe+dres fallen for +de hete,
and he dun mide to +de wete
Falle+d in +dat welle grund,
+der he wurde+d heil and fund,
and cume+d ut al newe,
Ne were his bec untrewe.
His bec is get biforn wrong,
+dog hise limes senden strong,
Ne maig he tilen him non fode
him self to none gode,
+danne go+d he to a ston,
and he bille+d +der-on,
Bille+d til his bec biforn
haue+d +de wreng+de forloren,
Si+den wi+d his rigte bile
take+d mete +dat he wile.  
   
<P 4>
[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

Al if man so is tis ern,
wulde ge nu listen,
Old in hise sinnes dern,
   Or he bicume+d cristen;
and tus he newe+d him +dis man,
   +danne he nime+d to kirke,
Or he it bi+denken can,
   hise egen weren mirke;
Forsaket +dore satanas,
   and ilk sinful dede;
Take+d him to ihesu crist,
   for he sal ben his mede;
Leue+d on ure loue[{r{]d crist,
   and lere+d prestes lore;
Of hise egen were+d +de mist,
   wiles he drecche+d +dore.
his hope is al to gode-ward,
   and of his luue he lere+d,
+dat is te sunne sikerlike,
   +dus his sigte he bete+d;
Naked falle+d in +de funt-fat,
   and cume+d ut al newe,
buten a litel; wat is tat?
   his mu+d is get untrewe;
his mu+d is get wel unku+d
   wi+d pater noster and crede;
Fare he nor+d, er fare he su+d,
   leren he sal his nede;
bidden bone to gode,
   and tus his mu+d rigten;
tilen him so +de sowles fode,
   +durg grace off ure drigtin.

<P 5>
[} (\NATURA SERPENTIS. J=A=.\) }]

An wirm is o werlde,
wel man it knowe+d,
Neddre is te name:
+dus he him newe+d,
+danne he is forbroken and forbroiden,
and in his elde al forwurden.
Faste+d til his fel him slake+d,
ten daies fulle,
+dat he is lene and mainles
and iuele mai gangen;
he crepe+d cripelande for+d,
his craft he +dus ki+de+d,
Seke+d a ston +dat a +dirl is on,
Narwe, buten he nede+d him,
Nime+d vnne+des +durg,
for his fel he +der lete+d;
his fles for+d crepe+d,
walke+d to +de water-ward,
wile +danne drinken.
Oc he spewe+d or al +de uenim
dat in his brest is bred
fro his birde time,
drinke+d si+den inog,
and tus he him newe+d.

[}IJ=A=.}]

+Danne +de neddre is of his hid naked,
and bare of his brest atter,
If he naked man se
ne wile he him nogt neggen,
oc he fle+d fro him
als he fro fir sulde.
If he clo+ded man se,
cos he waxe+d,
For up he rigte+d him
<P 6>
redi to deren,
to deren er to ded maken,
if he it muge for+den.
wat if +de man war wur+de,
and weren him cunne,
figte+d wi+d +dis wirm
and f[{a{]re+d on him figtande; 
+dis neddre si+den he nede fal,
make+d seld of his bodi,
and silde+d his heued;
litel him is of hise limes,
bute he lif holde.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

Knov cristene man
wat tu crist higtest
Atte kirke dure,
+dar +du cristned were:
+tu higtes to leuen on him,
and hise lages luuien,
to helden wit herte 
+de bodes of holi k[{i{]rke.
If +du hauest is broken,
Al +du forbre+des,
forwur+des and forgelues,
Eche lif to wolden,
Elded art fro eche blis,
So +dis wirm o werld is;
Newe +de fordi
so +de neddre do+d;
It is te ned.
Feste +de of stedefastnesse,
and ful of +dewes;
and help +de poure men 
+de gangen abuten.
Ne deme +de nog[{t{] wurdi,
<P 7>
+dat tu dure loken
up to +de heueneward;
Oc walke wi+d +de er+de
mildelike among men;
no mod +du ne cune,
mod ne mannes vncost;
oc swic of sineginge;
and bote bid tu +de ai,
bo+de bi nigt and bi dai,
+dat tu milce mote hauen
of +dine misdedes.
+dis lif bitokne+d +de sti
+dat te neddre gange+d bi,
and tis is +de +dirl of +de ston
+dat tu salt +durg gon.
Let +din fil+de fro +de,
so +de wirm his fel do+d;
Go +du +dan to godes hus
+de godspel to heren,
+dat is soule drink,
sinnes quenching.
Oc or sei +du in scrifte
to +de prest sinnes tine,
feg +de +dus of +di brest filde,
and feste +de for+dward
fast at tin herte,
+dat tu firmest higtes.
+duf art tu ging and newe;
for+dward be +du trewe.
Nede+d +de +de deuel nogt,
for he ne mai +de deren nogt;
oc he fle+d fro +de
so neddre fro de nakede.
On +de clo+dede +de neddre is cof,
and te deuel cliuer on sinnes;
Ai +de sinfule
<P 8>
bisetten he wile,
and wi+d al mankin
he haue+d ni+d and win;
wat if he leue haue
of ure heuen louerd
for to deren us,
So he ure eldere or dede;
do we +de bodi in +de bale,
and bergen +de soule,
+dat is ure heued geuelic,
helde we it wur+dlic.

[} (\NATURA FORMICE.\) }]

+De mire is magti,
mikel ge swinke+d
In sumer and in softe weder,
So we ofte sen hauen;
In +de heruest
hardilike gange+d,
and renne+d rapelike,
and reste+d hire seldum,
and feche+d hire fode
+der ge it mai finden,
gaddre+d ilkines sed
bo+den of wude and of wed,
Of corn and of gres,
+dat ire to hauen es,
hale+d to hire hole,
+dat si+den hire helpe+d
+dar ge wile ben winter agen;
caue ge haue+d to crepen in,
+dat winter hire ne derie;
Mete in hire hule +dat
+dat ge muge biliuen.
+dus ge tile+d +dar,
wiles ge time haue+d,
<P 9>
so it her telle+d;
oc finde ge +de wete,
corn +dat hire qweme+d,
Al ge forlete+d +dis o+der se+d
+dat ic er seide;
Ne bit ge nowt de barlic
beren abuten;
oc sune+d it and sake+d for+d,
so it same were.
get is wunder of +dis wirm 
more +danne man wene+d,
+de corn +dat ge to caue bere+d 
al get bit otwinne,
+dat it ne forwur+de
ne waxe hire fro,
er ge it eten wille.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

+De mire mune+d us
mete to tilen,
Long liueno+de, 
+dis little wile
+de we on +dis werld wunen:
for +danne we os wenden,
+danne is ure winter;
we sulen hunger hauen
and harde sures,
buten we ben war here.
do we for+di so do+d +dis der,
   +danne be we derue
On +dat dai +dat dom sal ben,
   +dat it ne us harde rewe:
Seke we ure liues fod,
   +dat we ben siker +dere,
So +dis wirm in winter is,
   +dan ge ne tile+d nummore.
<P 10>
+de mire sune+d +de barlic,
   +danne ge fint te wete;
+de olde lage we ogen to sunen,
   +de newe we hauen moten.
+de corn +dat ge to caue bere+d,
   all ge it bit otwinne,
+de lage us lere+d to don god,
   and forbede+d us sinne.
It bet us er+dliche bodes,
   and bekued euelike;
It fet +de licham and te gost
   oc nowt o geuelike;
vre louerd crist it leue us
   +dat his lage us fede,
nu and o domesdei,
   and tanne we hauen nede.

[} (\NATURA CERUI.\) }]
 
+De hert haue+d kindes two,
and forbisnes oc al so:
+dus it is on boke set,
+dat man clepe+d fisiologet.
He drage+d +de neddre of de ston
+durg his nese up on-on,
of +de stoc er of +de ston,
for it wile +derunder gon;
and swele+d it wel swi+de,
+derof him brinne+d si+den
of +dat attrie +ding,
wi+dinnen he haue+d brenning:
he lepe+d +danne wi+d mikel list,
of swet water he haue+d +drist;
he drinke+d water gredilike
til he is ful wel sikerlike,
Ne haue+d +dat uenim non migt
to deren him si+den non wigt.
<P 11>
oc he werpe+d er hise hornes
in wude er in +dornes,
and gingid him +dus +dis wilde der,
So ge hauen nu lered her.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO PRIMA.\) }]

Alle we atter dragen off ure eldere,
+de broken drigtinnes word +durg +de neddre;
+der-+durg haue+d mankin
bo+den ni+d and win,
golsipe and giscing,
giuernesse and wissing,
pride and ouerwene;
swilc atter i-mene.
Ofte we brennen in mod,
and wur+den so we weren wod;
+danne we +dus brennen
bihoue+d us to rennen
to cristes quike welle,
+dat we ne gon to helle;
drinken his wissing,
it quenchet ilc siniging;
forwerpen pride euril[{c{] del,
so hert do+d hise hornes;
gingen us tus to godeward,
and gemen us si+den for+dward.

[} (\NATURA IJ=A=.\) }]

+De hertes hauen ano+der kinde,
+dat us og alle to ben minde.
Alle he arn off one mode;
For if he fer fecchen fode,
and he ouer water ten,
wile non at nede o+der flen;
Oc on swimme+d bi-forn,
and alle +de o+dre folegen,
<P 12>
we+der so he swimme+d er he wade+d:
If non at nede +dat o+der late+d,
Oc leige+d his skinbon
on o+dres lendbon.
gef him +dat biforn te+d
Bilimpes for to tirgen,
Alle +de o+dre cumen mide,
and helpen him for to her[{t{]ien,
beren him of +dat water grund
up to +de lond al heil and fund,
and for+den here nede:
+dis wune he hauen hem bi-twen,
+dog he an hundred to-giddre ben.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO IJ=A=.\) }]

+De hertes costes we ogen to munen,
Ne og ur non o+der to sunen,
oc eurilc luuen o+der,
also he were his broder,
wur+den stedefast his wine,
ligten him of his birdene,
helpen him at his nede;
god giue+d +der-fore mede:
we sulen hauen heuenriche,
gef we bitwixen us ben briche:
+dus is ure louerdes lage,
   luuelike to fillen,
her-of haue we mikel ned,
   +dat we +dar-wi+d ne dillen.

[} (\NATURA WULPIS.\) }]

A wilde der is
+dat is ful of fele wiles,
fox is hire to name,
for hire que+dsipe;
<P 13>
husebondes hire haten,
for hire harm dedes:
+de coc and te capun
ge fecche+d ofte in +de tun,
and te gandre and te gos,
bi +de necke and bi +de nos,
hale+d is to hire hole;
for-+di man hire hatie+d,
hatien and hulen
bo+de men and fules.
Listne+d nu a wunder,
+dat tis der do+d for hunger:
go+d o felde to a furg,
and falle+d +dar-inne,
In eried lond er in er+dchine.
forto bilirten fugeles;
Ne stere+d ge nogt of +de stede
a god stund deies,
oc dare+d so ge ded were,
Ne drage+d ge non onde:
+de rauen is swi+de redi,
wene+d +dat ge rotie+d,
and o+dre fules hire fallen bi
For to winnen fode,
derflike wi+duten dred;
he wenen +dat ge ded be+d,
he wullen on +dis foxes fel;
and ge it wel fele+d,
ligtlike ge lepe+d up
and lette+d hem sone,
gelt hem here billing
ra+de wi+d illing,
tetogge+d and tetire+d hem
mid hire te+d sarpe, 
<P 14>
Fret hire fille,
and go+d +dan +der ge wille.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

Twifold forbisne in +dis der
to frame we mugen finden her,
warsipe and wisedom
wi+d deuel and wi+d iuel man;
+de deuel dere+d dernelike,
he lat he ne wile us nogt biswike,
he lat he ne wile us +don non lo+d,
and bringe+d us in a sinne and ter he us slo+d,
he bit us don ure bukes wille,
eten and drinken wi+d unskil,
and in ure skemting
he do+d ra+de a foxing,
he bille+d one +de foxes fel
wo so telle+d idel spel,
and he tire+d on his ket
wo so him wi+d sinne fet,
and deuel geld swilk billing
wi+d fame and wi+d sending,
and for his sinfule werk
lede+d man to helle merk.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

+De deuel is tus +de [{fox{] ilik
mi+d iuele breides and wi+d swik;
and man al so +de foxes name
arn wur+di to hauen same;
for wo so seie+d o+der god,
and +denke+d iuel on his mod,
fox he is and fend iwis,
+de boc ne lege+d nogt of +dis;
So was herodes fox and flerd,
+do crist kam in-to +dis middel-erd,
<P 15>
he seide he wulde him leuen on,
and +dogte he wulde him fordon.

[} (\NATURA ARANE`E`.\) }]

Seftes sop ure seppande,
sene is on werlde,
lei+de and lodlike,
+dus we it leuen,
manikines +ding
alle manne to wissing.
+de spinnere on hire swid ge weve+d,
feste+d atte hus rof,
hire fodredes
o rof er on ouese,
so hire is on elde;
werpe+d +dus hire web,
and weue+d on hire wise.
+danne ge it haue+d al idigt.
+de+den ge driue+d,
hitt hire in hire hole,
oc ai ge it biholde+d
til +dat +der fleges faren
and fallen +der-inne,
wi+deren in +dat web,
and wilen ut wenden;
+danne renne+d ge rapelike,
for ge is ai redi,
nime+d anon to +de net
and nime+d hem +dere,
bitterlike ge hem bit
and here bane wur+de+d,
drepe+d and drinke+d here blod,
do+d ge hire non o+der god,
bute fret hire fille,
and dare+d si+den stille.

<P 16>
[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

+Dis wirm bitokne+d +de man
+dat o+der biswike+d 
on stede er on stalle,
stille er lude,
in mot er in market,
er oni o+der wise,
he him bit
+dan he him bale felle+d,
and he drinke+d his blod
wanne he him dreue+d,
and +do frete+d hem al,
+dan he him iuel werke+d.

[} (\NATURA CETEGRANDIE.\) }]

Cethegrande is a fis
+de moste +dat in water is;
+dat tu wuldes seien get,
gef +du it soge wan it flet,
+dat it were a neilond
+dat fete one +de se sond.
+dis fis +dat is vnride,
+danne him hungre+d he gape+d wide,
vt of his +drote it smit an onde,
+de swetteste +ding +dat is o londe;
+der-fore o+dre fisses to him dragen,
wan he it felen he aren fagen,
he cumen and houen in his mu+d,
of his swike he arn uncu+d;
+dis cete +danne hise chaueles luke+d,
+dise fisses alle in suke+d,
+de smale he wile +dus biswiken,
+de grete maig he nogt bigripen.
+dis fis wune+d wi+d +de se grund,
and liue+d +der eure heil and sund,
<P 17>
til it cume+d +de time
+dat storm stire+d al +de se,
+danne sumer and winter winnen;
ne mai it wunen +der-inne,
So droui is te sees grund,
ne mai he wunen +der +dat stund,
oc stire+d up and houe+d stille;
wiles +dar weder is so ille,
+de sipes +dat arn on se fordriuen,
lo+d hem is ded, and lef to liuen,
biloken hem and sen +dis fis,
an eilond he wenen it is,
+der-of he aren swi+de fagen,
and mid here migt +dar-to he dragen,
sipes on festen,
and alle up gangen;
Of ston mid stel in +de tunder
wel to brennen one +dis wunder,
warmen hem wel and heten and drinken;
+de fir he fele+d and do+d hem sinken,
for sone he diue+d dun to grunde,
he drepe+d hem alle wi+d-uten wunde.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

+Dis deuel is mikel wi+d wil and magt,
So wicches hauen in here craft,
he do+d men hungren and hauen +drist,
and mani o+der sinful list,
tolle+d men to him wi+d his onde,
wo so him folege+d he finde+d sonde;
+do arn +de little in leue lage,
+de mikle ne maig he to him dragen:
+de mikle, i mene +de stedefast
in rigte leue mid fles and gast.
<P 18>
wo so listne+d deueles lore,
on leng+de it sal him rewen sore;
wo so feste+d hope on him,
he sal him folgen to helle dim.

[} (\NATURA SIRENE.\) }]

In +de se senden
selcu+des manie;
+de mereman is
a meiden ilike
on brest and on bodi,
oc al +dus ge is bunden;
fro +de noule ni+derward
ne is ge no man like,
oc fis to fuliwis
mid sinnes waxen.
+dis wunder wune+d
in wankel stede,
+der +de water sinke+d,
sipes ge sinke+d,
and sca+de +dus werke+d
mirie ge singe+d +dis mere,
and haue+d manie stefnes,
manie and sille,
oc it ben wel ille;
sipmen here steringe forgeten
for hire stefninge,
slumeren and slepen,
and to late waken,
+de sipes sinken mitte suk,
ne cumen he nummor up.
Oc wise men and warre
agen cunnen chare,
ofte arn atbrosten,
mid he[{re{] brest ouel;
<P 19>
he hauen herd told of +dis mere
dat tus unie-mete,
half man and half fis,
sum +ding tokne+d bi +dis.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

Fele men hauen +de tokning
of +dis forbisnede +di[{n{]g,
wi+duten weren wulues fel,
wi+dinnen arn he wulues al;
he speken godcundhede,
and wikke is here dede;
here dede is al vncu+d
wi+d +dat speke+d here mu+d;
twifold arn on mode,
he sweren bi +de rode,
bi +de sunne and bi +de mone,
and he +de legen sone,
mid here sage and mid here song
he +de swiken +der imong,
+din agte wi+d swiking,
+di soule wi+d lesing.

[} (\NATURA ELEPHANTIS.\) }]

Elpes arn in Inde riche,
on bodi borlic berges ilike;
he to-gaddre gon o wolde,
so sep +dat cumen ut of folde,
and behinden he hem sampnen
+danne he sulen o+dre strenen;
Oc he arn so kolde of kinde
+dat no golsipe is hem minde,
til he noten of a gres,
+de name is mandragores,
Si+den he bigeten on,
<P 20>
and two ger he +der-mide gon.
+dog he +dre hundred ger
on werlde more wuneden her,
bigeten he neuermor non,
so kold is hem si+den blod and bon;
+danne ge sal hire kindles beren,
In water ge sal stonden,
In water to mid side,
+dat wanne hire harde tide,
+dat ge ne falle ni+der nogt,
+dat is most in hire +dogt,
For he ne hauen no li+d
+dat he mugen risen wi+d.
Hu he reste+d him +dis der,
   +danne he walke+d wide,
herkne wu it telle+d her,
   for he is al unride.
A tre he seke+d to fuligewis, 
+dat is strong and stedefast is,
and lene+d him trostl[{i{]ke +der-bi,
+danne he is of walke weri.
+de hunte haue+d biholden +dis,
   +de him wille swiken,
wor his beste wune is,
   to don hise willen; 
Sage+d +dis tre and under-set,
o +de wise +dat he mai bet,
and hile+d it wel +dat he it nes war,
+danne he make+d +der-to char,
him seluen sit olon, bihalt,
we+der his gin him out biwalt.
+danne cume+d +dis elp unride,
and lene+d him up on his side,
slepe+d bi +de tre in +de sadue,
and fallen boden so to-gaddre;
<P 21>
gef +der is noman +danne he falle+d,
he reme+d and helpe calle+d,
reme+d reufulike on his wise,
hope+d he sal +durg helpe risen;
+danne cume+d +der on gangande,
hope+d he sal him don ut standen,
Fike+d and fonde+d al his migt,
ne mai he it for+den no wigt;
Ne canne +dan non o+der,
oc reme+d mid his bro+der,
manie and mikle cume +der sacande,
wenen him on stalle maken,
oc for +de helpe of hem alle
ne mai he cumen so on stalle;
+danne remen he alle a rem,
so hornes blast o+der belles drem,
For here mikle reming
rennande cume+d a gungling,
ra+de to him lute+d,
his snute him under pute+d,
and mitte helpe of hem alle
+dis elp he reisen on stalle;
and tus atbrested +dis huntes breid,
o+de wise +dat ic haue gu seid. 

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

+Dus fel adam +durg a tre,
vre firste fader, +dat fele we:
Moyses wulde him reisen,
migte it no wigt for+den;
After him prophetes alle
migte her non him maken on stalle,
on stalle, i seie, +der he er stod,
to hauen heuenriche god.
<P 22>
he suggeden and sorgeden and weren in +dogt,
wu he migten him helpen ovt;
+do remeden he alle onder steuene
alle hege up to +de heuene,
for here care and here calling
hem cam to crist heuen king;
he +de is ai in heuene mikel,
wur+d her man, and tus was litel,
drowing +dolede in ure manhede,
and tus adam he under-gede,
reisede him up, and al mankin,
+dat was fallen to helle dim.

[} (\NATURA TURTURIS.\) }]

In boke is +de turtres lif
writen o rime, wu lagelike
ge holde+d luue al hire lif time;
gef ge ones make haue+d,
   fro him ne wile ge si+den:
mune+d wimmen hire lif,
   ic it wile gu reden;
bi hire make ge sit o nigt,
   o dei ge go+d and flege+d.
wo so seit he sundren ovt,
   i seie +dat he lege+d.
Oc if hire make were ded,
   and ge widue wore,
+danne flege+d ge one and fare+d,
   non o+der wile ge more;
buten one go+d and one sit,
and hire olde luue abit,
In herte haue+d him nigt and dai,
so he were oliue ai.

<P 23>
[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

List ilk lefful man her-to,
   and herof ofte reche:
vre sowle atte kirke dure
   ches hire crist to meche,
he is ure soule spuse,
   luue we him wi+d migte,
and wende we neure fro him-ward
   be dai ne be nigte;
+dog he be fro ure sigte faren,
   be we him alle trewe,
non o+der louerd ne leue we
   ne non luue newe;
leue we +dat he liue+d ai
   up on heuen-riche,
and +de+den he sal cumen eft,
   and ben us alle briche,
for to demen alle men,
   oc nout on geuelike,
hise lo+de men sulen to helle faren,
   hise leue to his riche.

[} (\NATURA PANTERE.\) }]

Panter is an wilde der,
Is non fairere on werlde her;
he is blac so bro of qual,
mi+d wite spottes sapen al,
wit and trendled als a wel.
and itt bicume+d him swi+de wel.
wor so he wune+d +dis panter,
he fede+d him al mid o+der der,
of +do +de he wile he nime+d +de cul
and fet him wel til he is ful.
In his hole si+den stille
+dre dages he slepen wille,
<P 24>
+dan after +de +dridde dai
he rise+d and reme+d lude so he mai,
ut of his +drote cume+d a smel
mid his rem for+d oueral,
+dat ouer-cume+d haliweie
wi+d swetnesse, ic gu seie,
and al +dat eure smelle+d swete,
be it drie be it wete.
For +de swetnesse off his onde,
wor so he walke+d o londe,
wor so he walked, er wor so he wune+d,
Ilk der +de him here+d to him cume+d,
and folege+d him up one +de wold,
for +de swetnesse +de ic gu haue told.
+de dragunes one ne stiren nout
wiles te panter reme+d ogt,
oc daren stille in here pit,
als so he weren of dede offrigt.

[} (\SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

Crist is tokned +durg +dis der,
wos kinde we hauen told gu her;
for he is faier ouer alle men,
so euen sterre ouer er+de fen;
ful wel he taunede his luue to man,
wan he +durg holi spel him wan,
and longe he lai her in an hole,
wel him dat he it wulde +dolen;
+dre daies slep he al on on,
+danne he ded was in blod and bon,
vp he ros and remede i-wis
of helle pine, of heuene blis,
and steg to heuene uvemest,
+der wune+d wi+d fader and holi gast.
Amonges men a swete [{s{]mel
<P 25> 
he let her of his holi spel,
wor-+durg we mugen folgen him
in-to his godcundne se fin.
and +dat wirm ure wi+derwine,
wor so of godes word is dine,
ne dar he stiren, ne noman deren,
+der wile he lage and luue beren.

[} (\NATURA COLUMBE ET SIGNIFICACIO.\) }]

+De culuer haue+d costes gode,
alle wes ogen to hauen in mode,
seuene costes in hire kinde,
alle it ogen to ben us minde,
ge ne haue+d in hire non galle,
simple and softe be we alle;
ge ne liue+d nogt bi lagt;
Ilc robbinge do we of bac.
+de wirm ge lete+d and liue+d bi +de sed,
of cristes lore we haue ned;
wi+d o+dre briddes ge do+d as moder,
so og ur ilk to don wi+d o+der;
woning and groning is lic hire song,
bimene we us, we hauen don wrong.
In water ge is wis of heuekes come,
and we in boke wi+d deules nome;
In hole of ston ge make+d hire nest,
In cristes milce ure hope is best.




<B CMROBGLO>
<Q M2 NN HIST RGLOUC>
<N CHRON ROB GLOUC>
<A ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V VERSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER.
THE METRICAL CHRONICLE OF
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER, PART II.
ROLLS SERIES, 86.
ED. W. A. WRIGHT.
LONDON, 1887.
PP. 720.10730 - 767.11783^]

<P 720>
Richard erl of cornwaile . +te nexte +ger after +tis .
As in tuelf hundred +ger of grace . & on & +tritti iwis .
<P 721>
He spousede +te contesse ysabel . +tat +te childes moder 
was .
Willam +te erl marschal deide . +tulke +ger alas .
& at londone was ibured . & Richard is bro+ter .
Vnderueng +te eritage . vor he nadde eir non o+ter .
+Te king him vaire vnderueng . & +te erldom of penbroc .
& al is o+ter eritage . wel vaire him tok .
Randulf +te noble erl of chestre . deide su+t+te al so .
As in tuelf hundred +ger of grace . & +tretti & to .
Sir hubert de boru . erl of kent . +te noble iustise .
+Tat as +te kinges poer . hadde an alle wise .
Acused was to +te king . of mani lu+ter prise .
So +tat he was in prison . in +te castel of +te vise .
& was bitake four erles . to witie wi+toute faile .
+Te erl of wareine & Richard . erl of cornwaile .
& Richard +te marschal . & +te erl of chestre Ion .
So +tat hii founde kni+gtes . ech of hom on . 
To witie him in prison . & +gut uor echon .
He of scapede to churche . as him +to+gte best won .
Wi+t streng+te he was out idrawe . & su+t+te to +te 
castel .
Of scorgoil he was ilad . & iwust +tere wel .
Vor he was of churche inome . +to clergie bispek it vaste .
So +tat he was +toru +te pope . deliuered atte laste .
<P 722>
Sire steuene of segraue was . imad +to hei iustise .
In sire hubertes stude de boru . +tut lond wel to 
wise .
+To sprong +ter a gret contek . & strong +toru out al .
Bituene vr king henri . & richard +te marschal .
& sir gilberd basset & sir richard stiward +ter to .
Vor to uor sir hubert de boru . & uor +te bissop al 
so .
Of winchestre sir peris de roches . uor +te king as 
me sede .
Dede +toru is conseil . mani lu+ter dede .
As in tuelf hundred +ger of grace . & +tritti & +tre .
A+ge +tis +tre louerdinges . +te king gan lu+ter to be .
Destruede hor londes ouer al . & dude hom ssame 
inou .
Ac +te erl Richard +te marsschal . soffrede euere 
inou .
& vaire +te king bisende . +tat he him ssolde wi+tdrawe .
Bi men of religion . & al nas wur+t an hawe .
+To +ter nas o+ter red . he wende to walis .
& ber him +tere vaire inou . & lute dude amis .
Vor +te kinges londes +ter . he mi+gte abbe al destrud .
Ac vor he ne dude is felawes . were wel sore anuid .
Ac sire gilebert basset . & sir Richard syward .
Hii destruede +tere vaste inou . & su+t+te hiderward .
<P 723>
+Te kinges conseilors londes . hii destruede mid hor 
tayle .
Ac +te bissop of winchestre . & +te erl of cornwaile .
& nameliche +te bissops . vor sir Richard siward 
vaste .
Barnede is courtes oueral . & walles adoun caste .
So +tat maister edmund . of abendone was .
Erchebissop of canterbury . as god sende +tat cas .
As tuelf hundred in +ger of grace . & four & +tretti 
also .
+Tis holi man seint edmund . in suich poer was ido .
+To wende Richard +te marschal . +tat of penbroc erl 
was .
Into irlonde to worri . in lu+ter time alas .
Vor +toru treson of is owe men . to bataile he wende 
adai .
So +tat +te ost of is fon . ouer muche he sai .
& muche of is owe folc . bigan vor to fle .
Sire qua+t +to +to kni+gt . +tou most +te bi se .
+Tou sucst +tis folc ouer muche . +tat a+ge +te is .
& +tin owe ouer lute . betere it is iwis .
As me +tinc+t turne a+ge . uort god sende betere iwon .
Vor vr poer is to lute . a+ge +tus manie fon .
Wat seiste qua+t +tis gode erl . wan richard +te marschal .
Vpe is stede iarmed is . & atiled +toru out al .
& toward is fon in +te feld . ha+t is wombe iwent .
Ssold he turne hom is rugh . he nas neuere so issent .
Vor he ne dude it neuere . ne neuere iwis ne ssal .
Fram such ssendnesse crist ssulde . Richard +te marssal .
<P 724>
As noble bodi in he smot . he nolde longe abide .
He slou to grounde her & +ter . vaste in ei+ter side .
More prowesse ne mi+gte . of o bodi be .
+Tan me mi+gte of richard . +te marschal +tere ise .
Hii ne mi+gte him one felle . al +tat to him drowe .
Ar hii mid som felonie . is stede vnder him slowe .
& +gut ne mi+gte hii him ouercome . ar on him smot 
bicas .
In aboute +te fondement . as he vnarmed was .
& so vp toward +te gottes . & +tus was of lif dawe .
Richard +te marchal ibro+gt . & +toru treson aslawe .

[}. HENRI[{CUS{] .}]

At kildar he was aslawe . +tat in yrlonde is .
& at +te frere prechors ibured . at kilkenni iwis .
+To vr king henri . hurde of is de+t telle .
& of +te prowesse +tat he dude . ar me him mi+gte 
quelle .
& he vnderstod of is wit . & of is wisdom .
Him +to+gte it was a gret lere to al is kinedom .
Vor is de+t he made deol inou . & vor is soule he let 
do .
Almesdede manion . & mani masse al so .
Is bro+ter sir gileberd . +tat eir was of +te lond .
He bitok mid gode wille . +te eritage an hond .
<P 725>
Sir steuene de segraue . +tat is hey Iustise was .
He let nime & in prison do . vor he wuste of +tis 
cas .
& concentede as me sede . to +te lu+ter treson .
He let al so uor is loue . deliueri of prison .
Sir hubert de boru & o+tere . +tat in prison were 
ido .
& hom +tat iweiued were . is pes he +gef al so .
& hii a sein swithines eue . of Iun +te verste day .
To him come at gloucetre . as mani man isay .
Vn hosed & bareuot . & vngurt al so .
Hor armes to +te elbowe naked . hor heued bar +ter 
to .
Hii velle to +te kinges fet . & merci him criede vaste .
+Te king ne mi+gte +to uorbere . +tat he ne wep atte 
laste .
& bigan nei vor pite . isuowe vpri+gt toumbe .
Bote as +te erl of hereforde him huld . & sir geffrey 
of crancoumbe .
+To he it mi+gte uor deol do . he nom hom in is 
hond .
& custe hom wi+t milde herte . & +gef hom al hor 
lond .
+To was +te bissop of winchestre . & sir peris doriual .
Remued +toru seint edmund . out of +te court al .
& to late +tou+gte mani man . uor god is wel to do .
Maister roberd groce teste . +tulke +ger w as also .
<P 726>
Isacred bissop of lincolne . of seint edmund at redinge .
Seint edmund +to at canterburi . spousede to vr kinge .
+Te erles do+gter of prouence . elianore to wiue .
Tuelf hundred as in +ger of grace . & +tretti & fiue .
Sir henri of alimaine . +te erles sone of cornwaile .
+Tulke +ger ibore was . al so wi+toute faile .
Sir simond de mounfort . of wan gret munde is .
As in tuelf hundred +ger of grace . & seuene & +tretti 
ywis .
Elianore +te kinges soster . willames loue +te marschal .
Contesse of penbroc spousede . god womman +toru out 
al .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

+Te erl of gloucestre +tulke +ger . Richard +tat was so 
bold .
+Te erles do+gter of lincolne . spousede +tat het mold .
+To com +te legat sir otes . to engelond fram rome .
& made a conseil at londone . to wan +te bissopes 
come .
& su+t+te he wende to oxenford . to +te abbeie of 
oseneye .
& +tere clerkes him made . climbe somdel heye .
As tuelf hundred in +ger of grace . & ei+gte & +tritti 
+ter to .
To him hii wende to oseneie . hor nedes uor to do .
So +tat on of is men . a sein gregories day .
Caste bro+t up a clerc . as +tut folk it sai .
<P 727>
Clerkes come +tikke +to . in gret wra+t+te inowe .
& asailede +te legat . & on of is men slowe .
In to +te stepel of oseneye . +te legat fleu vor fere .
Is men mid strokes flowe al so . & of +tou+gte hii come 
+tere .
Su+t+te +to it com to pes . & folie bileued was .
+Te legat esste amendement . of +te vil trespas .
So +tat vor +te mansla+gt . & uor +te o+ter wou .
+Te clerkes finede wi+t him . gret raunson inou .
+Tat ech clerc in +te toune . him +gef atten ende .
As muche as he in +te wouke . in is commune 
spende .
+Te king sir simond de montfort . +te erldom +gef & 
his .
A candelmasse day +to . of leicestre iwis .
In +te kinges chaumbre at wodestoke . atte welle 
was .
A clerc ifounde wonderliche . +tulke +ger bi cas .
He made him as bi wit . so +tat it was ifounde .
+Tat it was bi speke to sle +te king . wan he sei 
stounde .
To couentre he was isend . todrawe he was +tere .
& a four half engelond . is quarters isend were .
+Te kinges eldoste sone . sir edward ibore was .
A seint botulfes tid . as god +gef +tut cas .
Tuelf hundred as in +ger of grace . & nine & +tritti 
ri+gt .
+Tat su+t+te vr king was . & so noble kni+gt .
<P 728>
Sir Richard erl of cornwaile . +tulke +ger wende al so .
At missomer to +te holi lond . & mani god kni+gt 
+ter to .
+Ter after in Ieniuer . Isabel is wif .
Contesse of gloucestre let . at bercamstude +tat lif .
Ibured heo was at beulu . & ir herte ibured is .
At teukesburi & ir gottes . at messendene iwis .
+To sprong +ter gret contek . bituene henri vr king .
& +te erchebissop seint edmund . & no+gt vor lute 
+ting .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

Vor +te king +to he adde iwiued . & an eir adde al 
so .
He drou to o+ter conseil . +tan he was iwoned to do .
& of +te ri+gtes of holichurche . & of +te gode olde 
lawe .
+Tat he adde of is chartre ymad . he him gan wi+t 
drawe .
Seint edmond pitosliche . wel ofte him bi sou+gte .
+Tat he wi+tdrowe of is dede . & bet him bi +to+gte .
Ac it was euer +te leng +te wors . so +tat atte laste .
Seint edmond him huld stedeuast . & amansede vaste .
Alle +tat holichurche . in suich vnri+gt bro+gte .
& wende uor+t ouer se . vort +te king him bet bi+to+gte .
& deide ar he come a+ge . & ibured was ek +ter .
As in +ger of grace . tuelf hundred & fourti +ger .
+To Richard erl of cornwaile . to +te holi lond com .
+Te soudan somdel uor fere . Triwes wi+t him nom .
& alle prisons & sarazins +tat in he+tenesse were .
Inome & in prison ido . he deliuerede him +tere.
<P 729>
At +te torment of wareine . sir gilebert +te marschal .
Defouled was +toru mesauntre . & debrused al .
& deide as tuelf hundred +ger . & fourti & on .
Of grace & +to were dede . +te four bre+teren echon .
As +te tueie willames & richard . & gileberd atten 
ende .
& god nolde non of hom . eir of is bodi sende .
Ac to four sostren & hor eirs . +te eritage was +to .
To deled & to gadere . ne com+t neuer eft mo .
Elianore of brutaine . deide ek +tulke +ger .
+Tat was ar+tures soster . +tat king Ion let sle er .
Su+t+te was gileberd ibore . +tat richardes sone was .
Of clare erl of gloucestre . as god +gef +tut cas .
As tuelf hundred in +ger of grace . & +tre & fourti +ter to .
+To was is fader verst of elde . & out of warde ido .
Erchebissop of canterburi . imad was +tulke +ger .
Boneface . & +te erl of cornwaile . of wan we speke 
er .
Weddede dame ssenche . +tat vr quene soster was .
& +te quene soster of france . as god +gef +tut cas .
& +te erles do+gter of prouince . & ir moder +te contesse .
Brou+gte hire hider in to +tis lond . & was her in gladnesse .
Fouke basset was su+t+te imad . bissop of londone .
& sein Richard of chichestre . & edmond +te kinges 
sone
<P 730>
Ibore was amidde Ieneuer . & in +ger of grace iwis .
Tuelf hundred & foure & fourti . idon was al +tis .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

Su+t+te deide +te olde quene . bi+gonde +te se wi+toute 
faile .
+Tat vr kinges moder henri was . & +te erl of cornewaile .
Hir sone bigan to rere . +te abbeie of hailes .
As in +ger of grace tuelf hundred . & six & fourti iwis .
+Te erles sone of gloucestre . beues was su+t+te ibore .
& newe peni chaunge imad . & +te olde bileued biuore .
& er+tgrine strong inou . aboute leinte al so .
Tuelf hundred as in +ger of grace . & seuene & fourti 
+ter to .
+Te nexte +ger +ter after . +te gode king lowis .
Of france to +te holi lond . wende & +toru paris .
Bareuot eode & open heued . & +ten holi wey bigan
Wi+t procession of freres . & of mani god man . 
& +te nexte +ger su+t+te . as me telle can .
+Te stronge cite of damiet . vpe saracens he wan .
As tuelf hundred in +ger of grace . & fourti & nine .
+Tulke gode lowis . is nou seint . & ileid in ssrine .
+Te erles dou+gter of gloucetre . ibore was +tulke +ger .
Margrete & dame ssenche . of wan we speke er .
+Te nexte +ger +ter after . a seinte steuenes ni+gt .
As tuelf hundred & fifti . in +ger of grace ri+gt .
<P 731>
An sone adde ibore . +tat edmond ihote was .
+Tat spousede +tulke margrete . su+t+te as god +gef +tat 
cas .
& was erl of cornwaile . +tulke +ger al so .
+Ter was in +te holi lond . strong bataile ido .
At seinte marie tid in leinte . & +te beste kni+gtes +tat 
+ter were .
Of cristinmen alas . aslawe were +tere .
As sir willam de longespey . & +te erl of artois al so .
& +te king lowis was inome . & in prison ido .
Vort he was out ibou+gt . mid raunson of is lond .
& damiet i +golde a+gen . in to he+tene manne hond .
+Te king +gef sir edward is sone . gascoine su+t+te al so .
As in tuelf hundred +ger of grace . & fifti & tuo .
+Tulke +ger was +tut somer . so druye & so hot .
+Tat +gut to +tis daye . of none hattore me not .
Sein Richard of chichestre . & roberd iwis .
Groce teste deide . +te nexte +ger after +tis .
Su+t+te vr quene of engelond . & ir sone sir edward .
& +te bissop water of wircetre . +garkede hom ouerward .
& to makie mariage . wende hom ouer se . 

[}. HENRI[{CUS{] .}]

& sir edward spousede . ar hii come a+ge .
+Te kinges soster of spaine . elianore iwis .
As in +ger of grace . ido was al +tis .
Tuelf hundred & four & fifti . & +tere +tis noble king .
Made sir edward kni+gt +to . nobliche +toru alle +ting .
<P 732>
+Te nexte +ger +ter after . giwes a child in drowe .
At lincolne +tat het hue . & in +te rode him slowe .
+Te erl Richard of cornwaile . su+t+te was imad king .
Of alemayne & +ter icrouned . nobliche +toru ech +ting .
An holi +torsdai in alimaine . & made so noble 
feste .
+Tat of alle +tat me wuste it was . +te richoste & +te 
meste .
As tuelf hundred in +ger of grace . & seuene & fifti 
ri+gt .
+Tulke +ger he made . sir henri is sone kni+gt .
Bituene vr king & lowelin . gret worre +ter was +to .
In walis & me dude . in ei+ter half gret wo .
& gode kni+gtes of engelond . of wan was gret pite .
Aslawe were +ter alas . +te eue of +te trinite .
As sir steuene bausein . & sire patric de chaus also .
& mani o+ter god bodi . was +tere to de+te ido .
+Te meste wo +tat here vel . bi king henries day .
In +tis lond icholle biginne . to telle +guf ich may .
He adde +tre bre+teren . +tat is moder sones were .
& +te king of alimaine . +te ver+te . +tat to heie hom 
bere .
Ac sir willam de valance . & sir eimer +ter to .

Elit of wincetre & sir gui . de lisewi al so . 
<P 733>
+Toru hom & +toru +te quene was . so muche frenss folc 
ibrou+gt .
+Tat of englisse men . me tolde as ri+gt nou+gt .
& +te king hom let hor wille . +tat ech was as king .
& nome poueremenne god . & ne paiede no +ting .
To eni of +tis bre+teren . +guf +ter pleinede eni wi+gt .
Hii sede +guf we do+t ou wrong . wo ssal ou do ri+gt .
As wo sei+t we be+t kinges . ur wille we mowe 
do .
& manie englisse alas . hulde mid hom al so .
So +tat +toru godes grace . +tis erles atte laste .
& +te bissop of +tis lond . & barons bispeke it vaste .
+Tat +te kunde englissemen . of londe hii wolde out 
caste .
& +tut lond bringe adoun . +guf hor poer ilaste .
+Ter of hii nome conseil . & to +te king hii sende .
To abbe pite of is lond . & suiche maners amende .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

So +tat atte laste . hii bro+gte him +ter to .
To makie a porueance . amendement to do .
Imad it was at oxenford . +tut lond uor to seyte .
Tuelf hundred as in +ger of grace . & fifti & ey+gte .
Ri+gt aboute missomer . fourten ni+gt it laste .
+Te erles & +te barons . were wel studeuaste .
Vor to amendi +tat lond . as +te erl of gloucetre .
Sir Richard & sir simond . erl of leicetre .
<P 734>
& sir Ion le fiz geffray . & o+ter barons inowe .
So +tat atte laste . +te king her to hii drowe .
To remue +te frensse men . to libbe bi +gonde se .
Bi hor londes her & +ter . & ne come no+gt a+ge .
& to graunti gode lawes . & +te olde chartre al so .
+Tat so ofte was igraunted er . & so ofte vndo .
Her of was +te chartre imad . & aceled vaste +tere .
Of +te king & of o+tere . heye men +tat +ter were .
+To nome tende taperes . +te bissops in her hond .
& +te king him sulf & o+tere . heyemen of +te lond .
+Te bissops amansede alle . +tat +ter a+gen were .
& euereft vndude +te lawes . +tat iloked were +tere .
Mid berninde taperes . & su+t+te atte laste .
+Te king & o+tere sede amen . & hor taperes adoun 
caste .
To confermi +te mansinge . & +to +toute it stable ynou .
+Ter after ech as in pes . toward is owe drou .
& +te kinges +tre bre+teren . & o+ter frensse +tere .
Flowe & +to+gte al to longe . +tat hii in +tis lond were .
+Te newe churche was of salesburi . ihalwed +tulke +ger .
+Toru giles of brute post . +tat bissop was +to +ter .
A sein Misseles dai of +te erchebissop . boneface +tat 
was +to .
+Ter was bo+te king & quene . & heiemen mani mo .
+Te quene ssenche deide su+t+te . of alemaine iwis .
At bercamstede in nouembre . & ibured was & 
is .
<P 735>
In +te quer of hailes . an hey in a vair place .
Tuelf hundred & on & sixti . as in +ger of grace .
Al +tis time was sir edward . bi+gonde se aboute .
& hauntede torneimens .  wi+t wel noble route .
Wi+t gascoine +tat was his . & gode kni+gtes adde .
As sir warin of bassingbourne . +tat him aboute 
ladde .

[}. HENRIC[{US{] .}]

& sir hamond +te strange . & sir gemes of audele .
Sir roger of clifford & o+tere . uort he com a+ge .
+Te quene was ek bi+gonde se . & +te kinges bre+teren 
al so .
& euere +to+gte hou hii mi+gte . +te purueance vndo .
Hii porchasede +tat +te pope . asoilede iwis .
Of +te o+t & of +te mansinge . +te king & alle his .
+To was it +te kinges wille . & is conseilers also .
Al out +guf hii mi+gte . +te purueaunce vndo .
It was euere +te quene +to+gt . so muche so heo mi+gte 
+tenche .
Mid conseil o+ter mid sonde . o+ter mid wimman 
wrenche .
& +to sir edward was iproued . hardi kni+gt & god .
A+ge +te porueaunce al so . he turnde al is mod .
So +tat +te erl of gloucetre . Richard deide +to .
+To was +te baronie . wel in +te more wo .
+te king gaderede is poer . & sir edward al so .
& +te king of alimaine his . & mani o+ter +terto
<P 736>
In +tis manere +te barons . bigonne hor vrning .
A freinss kni+gt was at gloucetre . +te sserreue +toru +te 
king .
Sir maci de besile . and constable also .
+Te barons it bispeke . +tat it nas no+gt wel ido .
Ac a+ge +te pourueance . vor hii nolde frenss man non .
An o+ter sserreue hii made . +toru commun conseil 
echon .
A kni+gt of +te contreie . sir willam traci .
& of +tulke poer clene . pulte out sir maci .
Ac sir willam ssire huld . in a monenday .
Sir maci com iarmed . as mani man isay .
Wi+t poer isend fram +te court . iarmed wel inou .
& euene as +te ssire sat . to +te tounes ende him 
drou .
Hii ali+gte wi+t drawe suerd . wi+t macis manion .
& wi+t mani an hard stroc . rumede hor wey anon .
Vort hii come vp to +te deis . & +te sserreue vaste .
Bi +te top hii hente anon . & to +te grounde him 
caste .
& harlede him vor+t villiche . wi+t mani stroc among .
In a foul plodde in +te stret . su+t+te me him slong .
& orne on him mid hor hors . & defoulede him vaste .
& bihinde a squier su+t+te . villiche hii him caste .
& to +te castel him ladde . +toru out +te toun .
+Tat reu+te it was vor to se . & caste him in prison .
<P 737>
+To +te ti+tinge her of com . to +te baronie .
Hii +to+gte in time amendi . suich vileinie .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

So +tat sir roger de clifford . & sir Ion giffard nome .
Gret poer in somer . & to gloucetre come .
Hii sende to sir maci . +tat he +tun castel +golde .
To hom & to +te baronie . o+ter hii him nime wolde .
Sir maci hom sende a+gen . +tat +te king him tok 
biuore .
+Tun castel him to loki . mid trewe o+t isuore .
Ne +tat he nolde traitour be . ne +ten castel neuere +gelde .
Bote +te king o+ter is sone . +te wule he him mi+gte 
welde .
He adde wi+tinne lute folk . +tun castel to defende .
Arblastes sone & ginnes . wi+toute me bende .
& ssote inward vaste inou . atte laste hii sende .
Al +te brutaske wi+toute . & +te brugge brende .
Vor he was al of tre . & sir maci & his .
Flowe in to +te tour an hey . +to hii seye +tis .
& defendede hom vaste . +te wule hii mi+gte iwis .
Ac vor defaute of helpe . mani man issend is .
Wi+t an quarel on wi+tinne . an squier +ter oute slou .
Sir Ion giffard uor is de+t . made deol inou .
<P 738>
& +to sir maci was inome . & hii wi+tinne come .
An carpenter +tat hii sede . +tat sset +te ssute hii 
nome .
& ladde him vpe +te tour an hei . & made him huppe 
to grounde .
He hupte & debrusede . & deide in an stounde .
& sir Roger of clifford +to . +te castel in warde hadde .
& hii nome sir maci . & in to marc him ladde .
& sir Ion giffard nom to him . is quic ei+gte echon .
& al +tat he fond of is . & nameliche at sserston .
A freinss bissop +ter was . at hereforde +to .
Sir peris de egeblaunche . +tat hii dude al so wo .
Hii come vor to nime him . Iarmed manion .
+Te godeman vor drede . to churche wende anon .
& reuestede him bi +te auter . ac sir roger ne sir Ion .
Vor honour of holichurche . nolde wi+tinne gon .
Ac sir tomas torbeuille . & o+ter ssrewen mo .
Wende vp & wi+t streng+te . made him out go .
+To he sei +tat he ne moste . habbe churche peis .
(\Par crist\) he sede sir tomas . (\tu es Maveis .
Meint ben te ay fet\) . vor he adde muche god .
+Ter biuore him ido .& he it vuele vnderstod .
Hii harlede him out of churche . +tat lute pite adde .
& is god nome vaste inou . & to erdesleye him ladde .
<P 739>
& him & sir maci ek . in god warde dude +tere .
In +te castel of erdesleye . uor te it betere were .
So it ferde oueral . ware me freinsse fond .
Me harlede hom villiche . aboute in to al +te lond .
& +te kinges men robbede hom . +tat a+gen hom were .
& +te barons ek hor fon . +tat a+gen hom armes bere .
Atte biginninge +ter hulde . wi+t +te king vewe wel .
Bote sir Robert walrond . & sir Ion Mauncel .
Ac su+t+te +to sir edward . so wel armes ber .
He drou to him manion . +tat wi+t +te barons were er .
+Te marcheis he adde sone . as sir Roger +te Mortimer .
& sir warin of bassingbourne . & of clifford sir Roger .
Sir gemes de audele . sir haumond +te strange al so .
Sir roger of leibourne . & mani o+ter +ter to .
+To was +te castel of gloucetre . & +te toun al so .
+Toru sir roger of clifford . in +te kinges hond ido .
& he astorede +te castel . wi+t poer inou .
& to is castel of brumesfeld . sir Ion giffard vaste 
drou .
& astorede him wel inou . & goinde adde is route .
To driue & to gaderi +tuder god . of nei+gebores aboute .
+Te stalwardeste men +tat me fond . to him vaste he drou .
& of porchas of nei+gebores . ssipede hom wel inou .
<P 740>
Bituene +te castel of gloucetre . &  brumefeld al so .
+Ter was ofte biker gret . & muche harm ido .
Ac +te constable of gloucetre . as mid +te kinges poer .
Held ofte in +te kinges name . courtes ver & ner .
So +tat at quedesle . wi+toute +te toun to mile .
He let someni an hundred . & +ter he hente an gile . 
Vor as he huld +tis hundred . mid gret folk & onour .
& Adam of arderne . was is chef countour .
Hii clupede sir Ion giffard . +tat siwte ssolde +ter to .
To come o+ter he ssolde . in +te merci be ido .
He com bi asoyne  . vor is men inowe .
Come out of brumsfeld . & Iarmed to hom drowe .
& asoynede hor louerd . & to grounde slowe .
Glad he was +tat mi+gte fle . ar +tat suerd is nekk 
gnowe .
Manie flowe to churche . & +te constable vnne+te .
At arnde aliue & manie . were ibro+gt to de+te .
+Tis lu+ter bailifs +tat poueremen . so gret wo do+t ilome .
Suich giffardes asoyne . icholde hom ofte come .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

Wel a +ger & an half . +tus it ferde aboute .
+Tat ech heiman dude is fon . ssame mid is route .
Atte laste +to winter . towarde ende drou .
At candelmasse ech of hom . gret ost nom inou .
& sir roger of clifford . gloucetre wuste al so .
& at ech +gat of +te toun . god warde let do .
Sir Ion giffard com aday . & sir Ion de balun +tere .
Ride vpe tueye wolpakces . chapmen as hii were .
<P 741>
To +te west +gate ouer +te brugge . & +te porters bede .
To late in tueie wolmongers . hor chaffare in to 
lede .
Biweued hii were bo+te . mid welsse mantles tueie .
+To +te +gates were vndo . hii hupte adoun beye .
Of hor hors & caste . hor mantles awei anon .
& +to stode hii Iarmed . fram heued to +te ton .
+To were +te porters agrise . sore of +tulke si+gte .
& caste hom +te keyen . vawe +tat hii mi+gte .
Poer +ter was inou . atte brugge ende .
+To +te +gates were vndo . hii gonne +tuder wende .
Sir simondes sone de monfort . sir henri +te hende .
& mani god bodi ek . as god +tuder sende .
+To +te barons adde +te toun . & +te castel +te king .
+Ter was ofte bituene hom . gret bikering .
Sir edward was bi este +to . mid poer gret inou .
Sone toward leinte . toward +te march he drou .
Is wei he nom bi oxenford . ac +te borgeis anon .
+Te +gates made a+gen him . of +te toune echon .
He wende & lai wi+toute toun . atte kinges halle .
& wende vor+t amorwe . mid is men alle .
+Te +gates +to he was iwend . were alle vp ibro+gt .
Sone bote smi+te gate . ac +tat nas vndo nou+gt .
<P 742>
+Te clerkes adde +ter +toru . muche solas ilore .
To pleye toward beumound . anuid hii were +teruore .
+Te bailif hii bede ofte . to graunti hor solas .
To pleie & vndo +tut +gat . ac vor no+gt it was .
So +tat an vewe wilde hinen . a li+gt red +ter of nome .
& a dai after mete . wi+t axes +tuder come .
& +tat +gat to hewe . & to dasse +tere .
& su+t+te +toru beumond . to hare welle it bere .
& subuenite sancti . vaste gonne singe .
As me de+t wan a ded man . me wole to putte bringe .
Willam +te spicer & geffray . of hencsei +tat +to were .
Portreuen & nicole . of kingestone +tat was mere .
Nome of +tis clerkes . & in prison caste .
& noble hom nou+gt deliueri . +gut +te chaunceler bed vaste .
+Te clerkes were +to wro+te . +te burgeis were +to bolde .
& +tretnede to nime mo . & of hor wra+t+te lute tolde .
+te verste +torsdai in lente . +te burgeis were wel fers .
& +te wule men were atte mete . arerde tueie baners .
& wende hom vor+t iarmed . mid al hor poer +tere .
To defouli alle +te clerkes . ar hii iwar were .
As hii come a+gen alle halwen . mid poer so strong .
At seinte marie churche a clerc . +te commun belle rong .
+Tis clerkes vp fram hor mete . & to godes grace 
truste .
& seie +tat hii were issend . bote hii +te bet hom wuste .
<P 743>
Hii mette wi+t +tis burgeis . & bigonne to ssete vaste .
I wounded +ter was manion . ac +te borgeis atte laste .
Hii bigonne to fle vaste . hom +to+gte longe er .
So +tat +te clerkes adde . +te stretes sone iler .
+Te bowiares ssoppe hii breke . & +te bowes nome 
echon .
Su+t+te +te portereues house . hii sette afure anon .
In +te sou+thalf of +te toune . & su+t+te +te spicerie .
Hii breke fram ende to o+ter . & dude al to robberie .
Vor +te mer was viniter . hii breke +te viniterie .
& alle o+tere in +te toun . & +tat was lute maistrie .
Hii caste awei +te dosils . +tat win orn abrod so .
+Tat it was pite gret . of so muche harm ido .
+Teruore +to +te king com . & wuste suich trespas .
Alle +te clerkes out of +te toun . he drof vor +tut 
cas .
Ne vort after misselmasse . hii ne come namore +ter .
Telle we nou of sir edward . of wan we bigonne 
er .
Sir edward toward lente . toward +te march gan 
wende .
So +tat an axwednesdai . al bi +te weste ende .
To gloucetre he wende . mid gret poer inou .
& al ouer +te brugge . to +te west +gate he drou .
& asailede +ten toun . ac +te barons wi+tinne .
Defendede hom so wel . +tat he ne mi+gte hom winne .
<P 744>
So +tat of +te castel . wi+tinne com a route .
Toward +te +gat to helpe . sir edward wi+toute .
Ac grimbaud pauntefot . a+gen hom sone com .
& mid poer hom turnde a+gen . & some of hom nom .
Sir edward turnde in to +te med . +to he ne sei o+ter 
cas .
& a ssip of teuskesburi . +tat +te abbodes was . 

[}. HENRICUS.}]

Bi seuerne wende +ter . sone he it nom .
& +terinne bi +te water . in to +te castel com .
Anon so he was wi+tinne . vpe +te tour an hey .
He arerde is baner . +tat me wide isey .
+To +te baruns +tat isei . sori hii were echon .
In +te toun half +tun castel . hii asailede anon .
& hii wi+tinne casten out . mid hor ginnes vaste .
So +tat bituene hom . +te biker longe ilaste .
Sir Ion giffard fram brumesfeld . +tuder sone com .
To +te castel med wi+toute toun . +tun wei sone he 
nom .
& +te castel brugge out of +te med . he barnde fram 
+ten ende .
To +te tubrugge along . vor me ne ssolde out wende .
Mani was +te vair biker . & +te vair asaut al so . 
+Tat bituene +te castel & +te toun . ofte was ido .
Sir edward & is poer . ofte were wi+tinne .
Vpe +te point to smiten out . bataile to biginne .
<P 745>
Ac +te bissop water of wurcetre . ofte bituene wende .
& +te abbod reinaud of gloucetere . as god hom grace 
sende .
& destourbede +te bataile . ac non acord +ter nas .
Ac biker & sla+gt & ssetinge . bituene hom ofte was .
So +tat sir edward aday . & is men hom lete arme .
To wende out & bataile do . al mest to grete harme .
+To seie hii out of +te tour . +te erl roberd of ferers .
Atte tounes ende come . wi+t noble men & fers .
As framward teuskesburi . iarmed wel echon .
Hors & men al preste . bataile to do anon .
+To sir edward +tis isey . no +ting nas he glad .
Vor me sede +tat he nas . of noman so sore adrad .
Vn iarmed out he wende . to +te barons wel stille .
& anon made acord . & graunted al hor wille .
& made fourme god inou . & suor is wel to holde .
+To hii adde al hor wil . +te barons were wel bolde .
+Te erl roberd of ferers . +to he +tuder com .
He was nei uor wra+t+te wod . +tat me eni acord nom .
He smot stede wi+t +te spore . & al is compainie .
& wende him vor wra+t+te a+gen . so quic so he mi+gte 
hie .
Ech bar him ek amorwe . out of toune drou .
& of +te fourme +tat hii made . wende be siker inou .
+To sir edward & is folc . were al maistres +ter .
Vor +te burgeis of +te toun . lete in baruns er .
He let crie in to al +te toun . +tat bourgeis +tat wolde .
In +te castel come to is peis . god pais habbe he ssolde .
<P 746>
Gladdore nere +te borgeis . neuere in hore liue .
+Tan vor +tis gode word . hii hiede +tuder bliue .
+To hii were alle icome . +te +gates me made vaste .
& brou+gte hom biuore sir edward . +to were hii sore 
agaste .
Me acoupede hom harde inou . & su+t+te attelaste .
As +teues & traitours . in strong prison me hom caste .
Wi+toute mete & drinke . +tere hii laie longe .
In sorwe & care & lokede . wan hii were anhonge .
Sir roger of clifford . +te porters vaste nom .
+Tat porters were atte +gate . +to Ion giffard in com .
As hobekin of lodelowe . & is felawes al so .
& let hom vpe +te west +gate . anhonge bo+te to .
Euere lokede +tis burgeis . wan hii were vor+t idriue .
Prestles hom was wel wo . +tat hii nere issriue .
Roberd of caumpedene . +tat hosebonde was on .
Vor he was a lute clerc . he ssrof hom echon .
Atte laste sir edward . of hom gret raunsoun .
Nom & let hom go aliue . & destruede al +ten toun .
Ac +te fourme +tat he made . a+ge +te barons biuore .
He bileuede al clene . +tei +te o+t were isuore .
To oxenford he wende vor+t . as is fader was +to .
& is men bi +te weye . dude wel muche wo .
+Te king sone in leinte . to oxenforde com .
& is in wi+t is folc . atte frere prechors nom .
Aboute an +tre wouke . +tere he gan abide .
Vor to gaderi is ost . +tat isprad was wide .
<P 747>
Su+t+te seinte fre+teswi+te was . me nuste king non .
+Tat wi+tinne +te +gates of oxenford . dorste ride ne 
gon .
+Te king was among +te freres . & hii manion .
Radde him vor to wenden in . & nameliche frer Ion .
Of balsam & +tat he mi+gte . +toru godes grace hii 
sede .
In wi+t god deuocion . go wi+toute drede .
+Te king hadde +ter to g[{o{]de wille . +toru frerene 
rede .
& hii massen & orisons . uaste uor him bede .
So +tat vastinde a day . a uote he dude +tis dede .
& in ei+ter half to sikeri him . freres him gonne 
lede .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

& he wende to seinte fre+teswi+te . as no king ne com 
er .
Su+t+te seinte fri+teswi+te was . vale hundred +ger .
& wel vaire is offringe . to +te heye weued ber .
&  su+t+te ofte wan he +tuder com . he offrede +ter .
So he bileuede in oxenford . & is conseil nom .
Vort is sone & is folc . mid poer to him com .
+To is poer +gare was . wi+tinne +te passion .
Wi+t is ost he wende uor+t . & arerde is dragon .
Is ost was gret & sui+te long . he wende to nor+thamtone .
& wi+t streng+te nom +te toun . & somdel wi+t treson .
<P 748>
Aboute seint ambrose day . ido was al +tis .
Tuelf hundred in +ger of grace . & foure & sixti iwis .
Sir simond +te +gonge mountford . +tere hii nome +to .
& sir osebern giffard . & o+tere manimo .
In strong prison sir simon . hii dude at windelsore .
Vort +te bataile of lewes . ac su+t+te no leng more .
+To wende +te baruns  uor+t . & o+tere manion .
& barnde court & o+ter . ech man vpe is fon .
Sir Ion giffard mid is route . nas no+gt +to +te laste .
Vor he barnde aboute oxenford . +te ester wouke vaste .
Curt lincolne & berkele . & o+ter courtes also .
Were aboute in +te lond . +to afure ido .
+Te king so sone in mai . estward euere drou .
As toward +te hauenes . wi+t gret poer inou .
Sir simond de mountfort . & sire gilebard .
+Te +gonge erl of gloucetre . come euere afterward .
& barons ek manion . as sir Ion giffard .
& mani god bodi +tat ne com . neuereft a+genward .
At lewes +te king bigan . mid is poer abide .
+Te barons astunte . wi+toute toun biside .
& vaire sende in to +te toun . to +te king hor sonde .
+Tat he ssolde vor godes loue . him bet vnderstonde .
& graunti hom +te gode lawes . & habbe pite of is lond .
& hii him wolde serui wel . to vote & to hond .
<P 749>
+Te king hom sende word a+gen . wi+toute gretinge +tis .
+Tat he ne kepte no+ting . of hor seruise iwis .
& +tat out of loue & treu+te . he dude hom echon .
& +tat he wolde hom seche out . as is pur fon .
+Te barons ne cou+te o+ter red . +to hii hurde +tis .
Bote bidde godes grace . & bataile abide iwis .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

Hii wende & auisede hom . somdel vp an doun .
+Tat hii mi+gte be war of hor fon . & ise to toun .
Some radde +tat hii ssolde . wende in at on hepe .
To habbe inome hom vn armed . & some abedde aslepe .
+Te godemen sede +tat hii nolde . suich vileinie do 
non .
Ac abide vort hii come . Iarmed out echon .
Hii houede vnder boskes . & newe kni+gtes made .
& armede & atired hom . & hor bedes +gerne bade .
Sir simon de mountford . conseilede hom vaste .
Hou hii ssolde hom conteini . +te wule +te bataile 
ilaste .
+To com +te ost smite out . vaste of +te toune .
Mani was +te gode bodi . +tat +ter was ibro+gt +ter 
doune .
Vor +te londreis +ter biuore . a gret despit wro+gte .
To +te quene at londone . sir edward +ter on +tou+gte .
& vor to awreke is moder . to hom vaste he drou .
& brou+gte hom to grounde & some of hom . al fleinde 
he slou .
+To he adde +tis loundreis . al ibro+gt to grounde .
Wi+t gret Ioye he turnde a+gen . ac lute ioye he founde .
<P 750>
Vor +te barons were aboue . & his alf ouercome .
+Te king of alemaine was . in a windmulle inome .
Vor a +gong kni+gt him nom . kni+gt ymad +to 
ri+gt .
Sir Ion de befs icluped . +tat was sui+te god kni+gt .
+Tat muche prowesse dude adai . & +te king him +geld 
in doute .
To +te erl ek of gloucetre . as to +te hexte of +te route .
& to +te frere menors in to toun . sir edward fleu 
vaste .
& +tere as he nede moste . +geld him atte laste .
Manion stilleliche . hor armes awei caste .
& chaungede hom vor herigaus . somdel hii were 
agaste .
& manie flowe in to +te water . & some toward +te 
see .
& manie passede ouer . & ne come neuere a+ge .
Aboute a four +tousend . & fif hundred me sede .
Atte bataile were aslawe . +tat was a pitos dede .
Sir philip basset +te gode kni+gt . worst was to ouercome .
He hadde mo +tan tuenti wounde . ar he were 
inome .
Sir simond de mountfort . +to ido was al +tis .
Vor+t mid him +te king huld . as in warde iwis .
& +te king of alemaine . & sir edward al so .
In +te castel of walingford . in warde he let do .
<P 751>

[}. HENRICUS .}]

& o+ter men +tat were inome . he let bringe aboute .
In o +ter castels vaste inou . +tat +ter nas no doute .
Tokninge +gut of more wo . +tat +gut to comene was .
Vr louerd sende in si+gte . bi a wonder cas .
Vor a sterre wi+t a launce . +tat comete icluped is .
Aros +to a+ge dai . biuore +te sonne iwis .
Fram seinte margarete tid . vort misselmasse nei .
+Tat ech man mi+gte wondri . +tat +te sterre isei .
+Ter wende of him a lem . +tat toward +te nor+t drou .
Euene as it were a launce . red & cler inou .
+Tulke sterre is selde iseie . bote it be to tokninge .
& su+t+te +ter after com . muche blod ssedinge .
Hii +tat hulde mid +te king . & nere nou+gt inome .
Wende aboute her & +ter . as hii mi+gte best bicome .
In +te castel of bristowe . hii come atte laste .
Wel an seuene baners . & hulde hom +tere vaste .
 . & sir warin al so .
Of bassingbourne . & sir Ion . de muchegros +ter to .
Sir pain de chaus & sir roberd . tipetot iwis .
& o+ter mo & hor wiues +tat ne likede no+ting +tis .
As to wite hor bodies . vort hii betere iseie .
Hii hulde hom +tere defensables . to libbe o+ter to 
deie .
So +tat +te quene aspide . +tat bote feble warde it 
nas .
In +te castel of walingford . +tat aboute hir sone was .
To bristowe he sende word . +tat +te kni+gtes mi+gte wel .
Wi+t lute streng+te winne him out . of +tulke castel .
So +tat +tis kni+gtes . to rede hom nome .
& mid an +tre hundred hors . to walingford hii come .
In a fridai iarmed . ri+gt as +te sonne aros .
+Te castel hii asailede . +tat mani man agros .
<P 752>
A+gen alle halwe churche . +te verste dich hii nome .
& brake +te otemoste wal . & wi+tinne come .
Hii +tat wi+tinne were . +te castel wuste vaste .
Mid arblast and mid o+ter ginnes . vaste a+gen hom 
caste .
& sede to hom wi+toute . bote hii wolde a+gen wende .
+Tat hii wolde sir edward . vawe out to hom sende .
Ili+tered wi+t a mangenel . hom wi+t hom to lede .
Sir edward vpe wal wi+tinne . com al so & sede .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

& bed hom wende hom a+ge . o+ter he was ded 
iwis .
+Tis o+ter wende +tus hom . +to hii hurde +tis .
+To sir simon de mountfort . hurde of +tis dede .
He let +te king of alemaine . & sir edward lede .
& sir henri +te kinges sone . of alemaine al so .
To +te castel of keningeswur+te in betere warde to 
do .
& +te kinges soster +te contasse . sir simondes wif 
was .
+Ter mid hom & wat he mi+gte . dude hom of solas .
Sir simon de mountfort . in castles adde ido .
Maistres of bi+gonde se . & vpe is londes al so .
As in +te castel of walingford . of douere . of windelsore .
Wardeins he made of frensse men . +tat of +to+gte +tut 
lond sore .
+Te erl of gloucetre it bi spek . so +tat +tere was .
A parlement at londone . to amendi suich trespas .
So +tat +tis tueie erles . acorded were +tere .
+Tat iremewed al clene . +te frenssemen were .
<P 753>
At seint hillari tid . +tis parlement was .
+Ter was +te erl of ferers . ibrou+gt in hard cas .
Vor he hadde after +te pais . robberie iwro+gt .
+Te king wolde in ech manere . +tat he were to de+te 
ibro+gt .
Sir simon de mountford . wisliche dude inou .
Vor he wolde in ei+ter half . ri+gt do & no wou .
In +te tour of londone . in prisoun he let him 
bringe .
Vor to saui is lif . & to paye +te kinge .
+To was +te erl of gloucetre . anuid uor mani dede .
+Tat he huld so prisons . al wi+toute is rede .
Vor suich man as he was . me tolde of him to 
lute .
& him +tou+gte +tat +ter was . mid sir simon to gret 
prute .
& me sede he was adrad . +tat me him nome al 
so . 
Wi+t treson vor he was hext . & in prison him lete 
do .
Sir Ion giffard +to verst . a+ge sir simond turnde .
Vor he askede prisouns . +tat me mid ri+gte wurnde .
Vor he was him sulf at lewes . sone inome bi cas .
Ac sir willam matrauers . a kni+gt +tat mid him 
was .
In +te bataile su+t+te inome . sir reinaud le fi+g peris .
& sir alein de la souche . +tat barons were iwis .
Ac he let hom su+t+te go . & sir reinaud was +ter .
In +te bataile su+t+te inome . Iarmed as he was er .

<P 754>
[}. HENRICUS .}]

Sir alein was ek inome . in monekene wede .
In +te priorie su+t+te . arst he was in drede .
& vor sir willam mautrauers . hom let so quit gon .
Sir simond nolde nou+gt . deliueri hom sir Ion .
To +te forest of dene . sir Ion wende +to .
& turnde a+ge sir simond . & procurede o+ter mo .
Lewelin prince of walis . robbede mid is route .
+Te erles lond of gloucetre . in walis aboute .
+To wende +te erl fram londone . priueliche & stille .
As to socori is lond . a+ge sir simondes wille .
In +te forest of dene . to gadere sone hii come .
He & sire Ion giffard . & stable conseil nome .
To holde a+ge sir simond . stabliche hii were at on .
& boreforde & beghwur+te . +te erl +gef sir Ion .
Wi+t him to holde stabliche . a+ge sir simon in ech 
cas .
Sir roger ek de mortimer . in is owe londe was .
In +te contreie of wigemor . & wuste him vaste +tere .
Prest wan he seie time . baner vor to arere .
Seue baners also . +tat a+ge sir simond were .
In +te castel of bristowe . hulde hom vaste +tere .
As sir warin of bassingbourne . man of gret los .
& sir roberd tipetot . sir Ion de mussegros .
& sir pain de chawur+te . & sir patric is bro+ter .
& +te o+ter banerets . & kni+gtes mani o+ter .
+Te king sende ofte is lettres . +tat hii deliueri ssolde .
+Te castel vp sir simond . & na+teles hii nolde .
<P 755>
Atte laste sir edward . is lettres hom sende .
To +gelde vp +te castel . & +tat hii +tanne wende .
+To was among hom deol inou . vor hii ne dorste leng 
abide .
Hii +golde vp +te castel . & wende ech in is side .
A certein day hom was iset . of londe vor to fle .
& sir roger ek de mortimer . deserited vor to be .
Sir simon de Mountfort . out of warde nom .
Sir edward him to solaci . +tat to lute +tonc him 
com .
He bitok him sir henri is sone . to be is compainoun .
Wi+t him to wende aboute . to sywe him vp & 
doun .
So +tat after estre . +te king & sir simoun .
Wende hom toward +te march . to bringe hor fon 
adoun .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

& sir edward & sir henri . & sir vmfray de boun .
To gloucetre hii wende . to enfermi +ten toun .
+Ter hii bigonne mid hor ost . fourten ni+gt abide .
+Te erl of gloucetre was . in +te forest biside .
& sir Ion giffard al so . vpe an hei hul lai .
+Tat me clupe+t erdlond . bo+te ni+gt & dai .
Gret fur he made +ter ani+gt . of wode & of sprai .
& tresche ladde +ter aboute . +tat me wide sai .
& in to gloucetre al so . +tat is fon iseie .
Ware hii ssolde him finde . vpe +tulke hul heie .
<P 756>
Bi tuene +te erl of gloucetre . heiemen ofte wende .
& sir simon de Mountford . hor herte vor to amende .
So +tat hii were acorded . +te tuelfte dai of mai .
+Tei it were lute wur+t . as in a tywesday .
To stonde atte lokinge . of +te bissop water .
Of wircetre & al so . of sir hue +te spencer .
Of sir willam de Mounchalsi . of sir Ion le fi+g Ion .
Vpe +te lokinge of +tes foure . to bringe hom aton .
+To wende sir simon be siker . & toward +te march 
wende .
Ac vnne+te he of scapede . +tat is fon him ne ssende .
+Tat +te erl of gloucetre . mid is poer him ne nom .
& na+teles +toru godes grace . to hereforde he com .
+Tere he bileuede mid is ost . betere cas to abide .
+Te erl of gloucetere was +te wule . in mani wilde 
side .
Wan me wende he were fer . ofte he was ner .
& sir Ion giffard mid him . & sir Roger de mortimer .
Vuele hii were alle +tre . vorto finde ilome .
& messagers bituene hom . & sir edward ofte come .
So +tat +ter was bituene hom . god fourme inome .
Hou sir edward mi+gte best . out of warde come .
Sir simond de montfort . wisman +tei he were .
Het +tat me sir edward . gret reuerence bere .
Vor to pleie vp & doun . as in compainie .
So +tat +ter was a gile yspeke . as +toru god aspie .
<P 757>
Sir edward bed sir simon . +tat he him +geue .
To a prikie stedes . wi+toute toun leue .
Leue him was igraunted . god wot to wuch ende .
So +tat sir edward . wi+toute toun gan wende .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

An stede he gan aprikie . wel vor +te maistrie .
& wi+t him adde of kni+gtes . a vair compainie .
& su+t+te he nom an o+ter . & weri hom made anon .
& su+t+te he nom +te +tridde . best of echon .
As it was er bispeke . to wuch he ssolde truste .
He prikede it verst softe . as him lute luste .
+To he was a lute fram +tut folk . wi+t spore he smot 
to grounde .
+Te sides orne ablode . in a lute stounde .
+Tere as of stedes . a god & quic me fond .
Vor+t wende +tis gode kni+gt . +to he was out of hond .
Louerdinges he sede . habbe+t nou god dai .
& grete+t wel mi fader +te king . & icholle +guf ich 
mai .
Ise him wel bitime . & out of warde him do .
Wat halt it long tale . he ofscapede so .
& to +te castel of wigemor . +tun wei sone he nom .
+Tere was ioye & bl[{i{]sse inou . +to he +tuder com .
<P 758>
Mid +te leuedi of +te castel . dam maud de mortimer .
Sone +tut word was isend . to ir louerd sir Roger .
To +te erl of gloucetre . +te lettres sone come .
So +tat priue parlement . bituene hom hii nome .
Hou +tat hii best mi+gte . sir simond to grounde 
bringe .
To +te barons deserites . me sende ek ti+tinge .
So +tat ech in is half . gadere ost vaste .
& to sir edward come . in +te march attelaste . 
So +tat sir edward . & +te erl of gloucetre .
& o+ter poer inou . come to wurcetre .
& fram +tanene hii wende . & hor worre bigonne .
At gloucetre & +tun toun . vpe sir simond wonne .
An +tre wouke biuore missomer . +tuder hii gonne 
wende .
& asailede +tun toun . al in +te nor+t ende .
At seint oswaldes +gat . & hii wi+tinne vaste .
Defendede hom wel inou . +te wule hor poer ilaste .
[{A{]c bituene seint oswaldes +gat . & +te nor+t +gat 
iwis .
Is a long wal inou . as +te abbodes orchard is .
& wi+tinne +te orchard nas no folk . +tun toun to defende .
+Teruore in +te asaut . some wi+toute wende .
& breke a pece of +te wal . ar me were wi+tinne iwar .
Sir Ion giffard +te verste was . +tat in wende +tar .
<P 759>
+To smite hii alle in & bro+gte . manion to de+te .
+Te wardeins of +te castel . of scapede in vnne+te .
As grimbaud pauncefot . & is felawes echon .
+Te tu brugge hii drowe vp . & +te +gates made anon .
Sir edward & is poer . wi+toute sette vaste .
Stronge ginnes . & +ter wi+t . to +te castel caste .
& +te o+ter hom defendede . & lutel were agaste .
+Tat aboute an +tre wouke . +te asaut bituene hom 
ilaste .
& euere hii wi+tinne abide . of sir simon socour .
Vor elles hii moste nede . +te castel +gelde & tour .
& +to +tat hom non ne com . +te castel vp hii +golde .
To sir edward in a fourme . +tat hii bere ne ssolde .
Vourti dawes a+gen him . armes in no place .
& sir edward hom +gef lif & lime . & +gut more 
grace .
Hor armes & al hor o+ter +ting .& hor hors echon .
+To turnde grimbaud pauncefot . to sir edward anon .
& was imad kni+gt & armes . a+ge sir simond ber .
Ac +ter nas neuereft of him . so god word as was 
er .
+To sir edward & +te erl gileberd . hor wille hade 
also .
Hii wende in toward +te march . more harm to do .
Bruggen hii breke oueral . hii ne bileuede ssip non .
Bi weye ne bi seuerne . +tat hii ne remuede echon .
<P 760>
+Ter boute vor sir simond . ne ssolde passe +tere .
Ne nameliche toward bristowe . vor +ter of was hor 
fere .
Vor bristowe was al in is hond . castel & +te toun .
Sir simond +tou+gte ano+ter red . & dradde of tresoun .
To +te prince of walis . lewelin +tat was .
He wende after more help . in is harde cas .
& he tok him of fot men . gret poer iwis .
Ac +terof come wel vewe . a+gen to walis .
Sir simondes sone de montfort . +tat sir simond het 
al so .
Bisegede +to an castel . as he longe adde ido .
+Te castel of peuneseye . & is fader him word sende .
+Tat he bileuede +tulke sege . & toward him wende .
Sir simond +te +gonge . +tis heste vnderstod .
He gaderede him of god folc . vair ost & god .
& +ten wey fram peuneseie . toward is fader he nom .
A sein kenelmes eue . to winchestre he com .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

+Tut folc +tat was in +te toun . +te +gates made vaste .
& wuste +te toun a+gen him . +te biker longe ilaste .
So +tat mid streng+te . sir simon +ten toun nom .
& robbede & slou vaste . +to he wi+tinne com .
Alle +te gywes of +te toun . he let sle echon .
+Tat me in eni stede fond . he ne leuede aliue non .
<P 761>
Ac after +tulke time . of wat him was to done .
Lute god cas him biuel . as messal ihure sone .
Fram +tenne he wende to oxenford . +tre dawes he was 
+tere .
Vairore folc ne mi+gte be . +tan wi+t him was +tere .
+Te gywes he let seche . uor to quelle echon .
Ac me ne mi+gte vor no +ting . in +te toune finde on .
Fram +tanene to keningwur+te . wi+t is ost he wende .
& +tere as it fel alas . is heie herte him ssende .
Vor so muche he tolde of him sulf . & of is grete 
mi+gte .
+Tat him ne deinede no+gt . to ligge . in +te castel bi         #
ni+gte .
Sir edward & is ost . at wircetre +to were .
Hii adde gode aspies . hou hii hom +to bere .
So +tat sir edward & +te erl . of gloucetre al so .
& sir roger de mortimer . & mani god kni+gt +terto .
In a lammasse ni+gt . saterni+gt +tat was .
Out of wurcetre he wende . mid wel god pas .
To keningwur+te . hii come . in +te dawiinge .
Hii bro+gte sir simon & is men . an feble ti+tinge .
In hor bed hii founde hom . in toune +to hii come .
Of softe awakiinge . hii toke lute gome .
Vor to wel clo+ti hom . hii ne +geue hom no tome .
Manie hii slowe of hor fon . & heie men some hii 
nome .
<P 762>
As sir roberd erl of oxenford . & sir willam +ter to .
De mountchalsi & sir adam . de neumarch al so .
& sir water de coleuile . & o+ter manion .
Ac sir simond him sulf . among alle is fon .
In to +te castel of scapede . an naked man vnne+te .
Ac manion +ter was inome . & mani ibro+gt to de+te .
& +tus sir simond +te +gonge . was verst to grounde 
ibrou+gt .
Ac na+teles he ne les +to . al is poer nou+gt .
Ac gret ost huld inou . & +garkede in ech ende .
Him & al is poer . a+gen is fader to wende .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

+To was sir simond is fader . at hereford iwis .
Mid mani god man of engelond . & al so of walis .
He wende him out of hereford . mid vair ost inou .
& toward keningwur+te . a+gen is sone he drou .
& was hor beire porpos . to biclosi hor fon .
As wo sei+t in ei+ter half . & to ssende hom echon .
So +tat sir simon +te olde com . +te monendai iwis .
To a toun biside wircetre . +tat kemeseie ihote is .
+Te tiwesday to euesham . he wende +te morweninge .
& +tere he let him & is folc . prestes massen singe .
& +to+gte to wende nor+tward . is sone vor to mete .
Ac +te king nolde a vot . bote he dinede o+ter ete .
& sir simon +te +gonge & is ost . al alcestre were .
& nolde +tanne wende a vot . ar hii dinede +tere .
<P 763>
+Tulke to diners . deluol were alas .
Vor mani was +te gode bodi . +tat +ter +toru islawe 
was .
Sir edward & is poer . sone come +to ride .
To +te nor+thalf of +te toun . bataile uor to abide .
+To sir simon it iwuste . & hii +tat wi+t him were .
Sone hii lete hom armi . & hor baners arere .
+Te bissop water of wurcetre . asoiled hom alle +tere .
& prechede hom +tat hii adde . of de+t +te lasse fere .
+Ten wei euene to hor fon . a godes half hii nome .
& wende +tat sir simo[{nd{] . +te +gonge a+gen hom 
c[{ome{] .
+To hii come in to +te feld . & sir simond isei .
Sir edwardes ost . & o+tere al so nei .
He avisede +te ost sui+te wel . & +toru godes grace .
He hopede winne a day . +te maistrie of +te place .
+To sei he +ter biside . as he bihuld aboute .
+Te erles baner of gloucetre . & him mid al is 
route .
As him vor to close . in +te o+ter half ywis .
Ou+g he sede redi folk . & wel iwar is +tis .
& more conne of bataile . +tan hii cou+te biuore .
Vr soules he sede abbe god . vor vr bodies be+t 
hore .
Sir henri he sede to is sone . +tis ha+t imad +ti 
prute .
Were +ti bro+ter icome . hope we mi+gte +gute .
<P 764>
Hii bitoke lif & soule . to godes grace echon .
& in to bataile smite . vaste among hor fon .
& as gode kni+gtes . to grounde slowe anon .
+Tat hor fon flowe sone . +ticke manion .
Sir warin of bassingbourne . +to he +tis isei .
Biuore he gan prikie . & to grede an hei .
A+gen traitors a+gen . & habbe+t in ower +to+gt .
Hou villiche at lewes . +ge were to grounde ibro+gt .
Turne+t a+gen & +tenche+t . +tat +tut power al oure 
is .
& we ssolle as vor no+gt . ouercome vr fon iwis .
+To was +te bataile strong . in ei+ter side alas .
Ac atten ende was bine+te  . +tulke +tat feblore was .
& sir simond was aslawe . & is folk al to grounde .
More mur+tre +gare nas . in so lute stounde .
Vor +tere was werst simond . de mountfort aslawe 
alas .
& sir henri is sone . +tat so gentil kni+gt was .
& sir hue +te despencer . +te noble iustise .
& sir peris de mountfort . +tat stronge were & wise .
Sir willam de verous . & sir Rauf basset also .
Sir [{John{] de sein ion . sir Ion diue +terto .
Sir [{William{] trossel . sir gileberd of eisnesfelde .
& mani god bodi were aslawe . +tere in +tulke felde .
& among alle o+tere mest . reu+te it was ido .
+Tat sir simon +te olde man . de membred was so .
<P 765>
Vor sir willam mautrauers . +tonk nabbe he non .
Carf him of fet & honde . & is limes manion .
& +tat mest pite was . hii ne bileuede nou+gt +tis .
+Tat is priue membres . hii ne corue of iwis .
& is heued hii smiten of . & to wigemor it sende .
To dam Maud +te mortimer . +tat wel foule it ssende .
& of al +tat me him bilimede . hii ne bledde no+gt me 
sede .
& +te harde here was . is lich +te nexte wede .
Suich was +te mor+tre of einesham . uor bataile non it 
nas .
& +terwi+t Iesu crist wel vuele ipaied was .
As he ssewede bi tokninge . grisliche & gode .
As it vel of him sulue . +to he deide on +te rode .
+Tat +toru al +te middelerd . derkhede +ter was inou .
Al so +te wule +te godemen . at euesham me 
slou .
As in +te nor+twest . a derk weder +ter aros .
So demliche suart inou . +tat mani man agros .
& ouer caste it +to+gte al +tut lond . +tat me mi+gte 
vnne+te ise .
Grisloker weder +tan it was . ne mi+gte aner+te be .

[}. HENRICUS .}]

An vewe dropes of reine . +ter velle grete inou .
+Tis tokninge vel in +tis lond . +to me +tis men slou .
<P 766>
Vor +tretti mile +tanne . +tis isei roberd .
+Tat verst +tis boc made . & was wel sore aferd .
Louerdinges +ter were inome . at euesham manion .
As sir vnfrai de boun . sir Ion le fiz Ion .
& simondes sone . de mountfort sir gwy .
Sir baudewine de wake . sir Ion de vescy .
Sir henri de hastinges . & sir Nicole iwis .
De segraue was +tere inome . & al so sir peris .
& sir roberd +tat sir peris . de mountfort sones 
were .
+Tuse & wel mo were inome . in +tulke mor+tre +tere .
Ac +te welsse fot men . +tat +ter were manion .
At +te biginninge of +te bataile . bigonne to fle echon .
& come +toru teuskesburi . & +tere men of +te toune .
Slowe hom al to grounde . +tat +tere hii leie +ter 
doune .
So +ticke bi strete . +tat reu+te it was to se .
& grace nadde non of hom . to fi+gte ne to fle .
+To +te bataile was ido . & +te godemen aslawe 
were .
Sir simond +te +gonge com . to mete is fader +tere .
He mi+gte +to at is diner . abbe bileued al so 
wel .
As me sei+t wan ich am ded . make me a caudel .
& +to me tolde him bi +te wei . wuch +te ende was 
+ter .
He turnde a+gen to keningwur+te . wel longe him +tou+gte 
e[{r{] .
<P 767>
He mi+gte segge wan he com . lute ich abbe iwonne .
Ich mai honge vp min ax . febliche ich abbe agonne .
+Te king of alemaine . +tat was is moder bro+ter .
& sir reinaud le fiz peris . & ek mani ano+ter .
+Tat in is prison were . at kenigwur+te +to .
+To he ne sei o+ter red . he let hom quit go .
+Te sixte day of septembre . +tat +to was sonenday .
He let hom go a godes half . +to he o+ter ne say .
+Te king +to+gte +te loundreis . bringe al to nou+gte .
& hii ofte pitosliche . is grace bisou+gte .
So +tat at misselmasse . an fourti of hom come .
To him to windelsore . & to is grace hom nome .
As vor al +te toune . +te beste ichose echon .
+Te king hom let bringe . in strong prison anon . 



<B CMPOEMH>
<Q M2 NN HIST HPOEM3>
<N HIST POEM 3>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WML>
<V VERSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  HISTORICAL POEMS (HARLEY 2253).
HISTORICAL POEMS OF THE XIVTH
AND XVTH CENTURIES.
ED. R. H. ROBBINS.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1959.
PP. 9.1  - 13.136 (3)
PP. 14.1 - 21.233 (4)
PP. 21.1 - 24.92  (5)^]

<P 9>
[} [\3. THE FLEMISH INSURRECTION (1302)\] }]

Lustne+t, lordinges, bo+te +gonge ant olde,
of +te freynsshe-men +tat were so proude ant bolde,
hou +te flemmysshe men bohten hem ant solde
vpon a wednesday.
betere hem were at home in huere londe
+ten forte seche flemmysshe by +te see stronde,
whare+tourh moni frenshe wyf wrynge+t hire honde,
ant singe+t "weylaway!"

<P 10>
+te kyng of fraunce made statu+g newe
in +te lond of flaundres, among false ant trewe,
+tat +te commun of bruges ful sore con arewe,
ant seiden amonges hem:
"gedere we vs to-gedere hardilyche at ene;
take we +te bailifs bi tuenty ant by tene,
clappe we of the heuedes an-ouen o +te grene,
ant caste we y +te fen."

+te webbes ant +te fullaris assembleden hem alle,
ant makeden huere consail in huere commune halle;
token Peter Conyng huere kyng to calle,
ant beo huere cheueuteyn.
hue nomen huere rouncyns out of +te stalle,
ant closeden +te toun wi+t-inne +te walle;
sixti baylies ant ten hue maden a-doun falle,
ant moni an-o+ter sweyn.

+to wolde +te baylies, +tat were come from fraunce,
dryue +te flemisshe +tat made +te destaunce;
hue turnden hem a+geynes wi+t suerd & wi+t launce,
stronge men ant lyht.
y telle ou for so+te, for al huere bobaunce,
ne for +te auowerie of +te kyng of fraunce,
tuenti score ant fyue haden +ter meschaunce,
by day ant eke by nyht. 

Sire Iakes de seint poul yherde hou hit was,
sixtene hundred of horsmen asemblede o +te gras;
he wende toward bruges pas pur pas,
wi+t swi+te gret mounde.
+te flemmysshe yherden telle +te cas,
a-gynne+t to clynken huere basyns of bras,
ant al hem to-dryuen ase ston do+t +te glas,
ant fellen hem to grounde.

<P 11>
sixtene hundred of horsmen hede +ter here fyn;
hue ley+gen y +te stretes y-styked ase swyn;
+ter hue loren huere stedes any mony rouncyn
+tourh huere oune prude.
sire Iakes ascapede by a coynte gyn,
out at one posterne +ter me solde wyn,
out of +te fyhte hom to ys yn,
in wel muchele drede.

+to +te kyng of fraunce y-herde +tis, anon
assemblede he is dousse pers eueruchon,
+te proude eorl of artoys ant o+ter mony on,
to come to paris.
+te barouns of fraunce +tider conne gon,
Into +te paleis +tat paued is wi+t ston,
to iugge +te flemmisshe to bernen ant to slon,
+tourh +te flour-de-lis.

+tenne seide +te kyng Phelip, "lustne+t nou to me,
Myn eorles ant my barouns gentil ant fre,
go+t, facche+t me +te traytours y-bounde to my kne,
hastifliche ant blyue."
+to suor +te eorl of seint Poul, " (\par la goule de!\)
we shule facche +te rybaus wher +ti wille be,
ant drawen hem wi+t wilde hors out of +te countre,
by +tousendes fyue!"

" (\sire Rauf de nel\) ," say+t +te eorl of boloyne,
" (\nus ne lerrum en vie chanoun ne moyne\) ,
wende we for+t anon ri+tt wi+toute eny assoygne,
Ne no lyues man.
we shule flo +te Conyng, & make roste is loyne;
+te word shal springen of him in-to coloyne,
so hit shal to Acres, & in-to sesoyne,
ant maken him ful wan."

<P 12>
seuene eorles ant fourti barouns y-tolde,
fyftene hundred knyhtes proude & swy+te bolde,
sixti +tousent swyers among +gunge ant olde,
flemmisshe to take.
+te flemmisshe hardeliche hem com to-+geynes;
+tis proude freinsshe eorles, huere knyhtes, & huere sweynes
aquelleden ant slowen by hulles & by pleynes,
al for huere kynges sake.

+tis frenshe come to flaundres so liht so +te hare,
er hit were mydnyht hit fel hem to care;
hue were laht by +te net so bryd is in snare,
wi+t rouncin & wi+t stede.
+te flemmisshe hem dabbe+t o +te het bare;
hue nolden take for huem raunsoun ne ware;
hue dodde+t of huere heuedes, fare so hit fare,
Ant +tare-to haue+t hue nede.

+tenne sey+t +te eorl of Artois, "y +gelde me to +te,
Peter Conyng by +ti nome, +gef +tou art hende ant fre,
+tat y ne haue no shame ne no vylte,
+tat y ne be noud ded."
+tenne swor a bocher, "by my leaute!
shalt +tou ner more +te kyng of fraunce se,
ne in +te toun of bruges in prisone be,
+tou woldest spene bred."

+ter hy were knulled y +te put-falle,
+tis eorles ant barouns & huere knyhtes alle;
huere ledies huem mowe abide in boure & in halle
wel longe.
for hem mot huere kyng o+ter knyhtes calle,
o+ter stedes taken out of huere stalle;
+ter hi habbe+t dronke bittrere +ten +te galle,
vpon +te drue londe.

<P 13>
when +te kyng of fraunce y-herde +tis tydynge,
he smot doun is heued, is honden gon he wrynge;
+tourhout al fraunce +te word bygon to springe.
wo wes huem +to!
Muche wes +te sorewe ant +te wepinge
+tat wes in al fraunce among olde ant +gynge;
+te meste part of +te lond bygon forte synge,
"alas, ant weylawo!"

awey, +tou +gunge pope! whet shal +te to rede?
+tou hast lore +tin cardinals at +ti meste nede;
ne keuerest +tou hem neuere for nones kunnes mede,
for so+te y +te telle.
do +te for+t to rome to amende +ti misdede;
bide gode halewen hue lete +te betere spede;
bote +tou worche wysloker, +tou losest lond & lede,
+te coroune wel +te felle.

Alas! +tou seli fraunce, for +te may +tunche shome,
+tat ane fewe fullaris make+t ou so tome;
sixti +tousent on a day hue maden fot-lome,
wi+t eorl & knyht.
her-of habbe+t +te flemysshe sui+te god game,
ant suere+t bi seint omer & eke bi seint Iame,
+gef hy +ter more come+t hit falle+t huem to shame,
wi+t huem forte fyht.

I telle ou for so+te, +te bataille +tus bigon
bituene fraunce ant flaundres, hou hue weren fon;
vor vrenshe +te eorl of flaundres in prison heden y-don,
wi+t tresoun vntrewe.
+gef +te prince of walis his lyf habbe mote,
hit falle+t +te kyng of fraunce bittrore +ten +te sote,
bote he +te ra+tere +ter-of welle do bote,
wel sore hit shal hym rewe.

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<P 14>
[} [\4. THE EXECUTION OF SIR SIMON FRASER (1306)\] }]

Lystne+t, lordynges, a newe song ichulle bigynne
of +te traytours of scotlond +tat take be+t wy+t gynne.
Mon +tat loue+t falsnesse & nule neuer blynne,
sore may him drede +te lyf +tat he is ynne,
Ich vnderstonde.
Selde wes he glad,
+tat neuer nes a-sad
of ny+te ant of onde.

+tat y sugge by +tis scottes +tat bue+t nou to-drawe -       
+te heuedes o londone brugge whose con y-knawe;
he wenden han buen kynges, ant seiden so in sawe;
betere hem were han y-be barouns ant libbe in godes lawe,
wy+t loue. 
whose hate+t soth ant ryht,
lutel he doute+t godes myht,
+te heye kyng aboue.

To warny alle +te gentilmen +tat bue+t in scotlonde,
+te waleis wos to-drawe, se+t+te he wos an-honge,
al quic biheueded, ys bowels y-brend,
+te heued to londone brugge wos send
To abyde.
after simond frysel,
+tat wes traytour ant fykel,
ant y-cud ful wyde.

<P 15>
Sire edward oure kyng, +tat ful ys of piete,
+te waleis quarters sende to is oune contre,
on four half to honge, huere myrour to be,
+ter-opon to +tenche, +tat monie myhten se
Ant drede.
why nolden he be war
of +te bataile of donbar,
hou euele hem con spede?

Bysshopes ant barouns come to +te kynges pes,
ase men +tat weren fals, fykel, ant les,
o+tes hue him sworen in stude +ter he wes,
to buen him hold ant trewe for alles cunnes res,
+tryes.
+tat hue ne shulden a+geyn him go,
so hue were temed +to. 
weht halt hit to lye?

To +te kyng edward hii fasten huere fay;
fals wes here foreward so forst is in may,
+tat sonne from +te southward wype+t away:
Moni proud scot +ter-of mene may
to +gere. 
Nes neuer scot-lond
wi+t dunt of monnes hond
allinge aboht so duere.

+te bisshop of glascou, ychot he was ylaht;
+te bisshop of seint Andre, bo+te, he be+t ycaht;
+te abbot of scon wi+t +te kyng nis nouht saht;
al here purpos ycome hit ys to naht,
+turh ryhte.
hii were vnwis,
when hii +tohte pris
a+geyn huere kyng to fyhte.

<P 16>
+tourh consail of +tes bisshopes y-nemned byfore,
sire Robert +te bruyc+g furst kyng wes y-core.
he mai eueruche day ys fon him se byfore;
+gef hee mowen him hente, ichot he bi+t forlore,
saunt+g fayle.
soht forte sugge,
duere he shal abugge
+tat he bigon batayle.

hii +tat him crounede proude were ant bolde;
hii maden kyng of somere, so hii ner ne sholde;
hii setten on ys heued a croune of rede golde,
Ant token a kyne-+gerde (so me kyng sholde)
to deme.
+to he wes set in see,
lutel god cou+te he,
kyne-riche to +geme.

Nou kyng hobbe in +te mures +gonge+t,
forte come to toune nout him ne longe+t.
+te barouns of engelond, myhte hue him gripe,
he him wolde techen on englysshe to pype,
+tourh streyn+te.
Ne be he ner so stout,
+get he bi+t y-soht out
o brede ant o leyn+te.

sire Edward of carnaruan - iesu him saue and see -  
sire Emer de valence, gentil knyht ant free,
habbe+t y-suore huere oht +tat par la grace dee
hee wolle+t ous delyuren of +tat false contre,
+gef hii conne.
Muche ha+t scotlond forlore,
whet a-last, whet bifore,
ant lutel pris wonne.

<P 17>
Nou ichulle fonge +ter ich er let,
ant tellen ou of frisel, ase ich ou by-het.
In +te batayle of kyrkenclyf ffrysel was ytake -  
ys continaunce abatede eny bost to make
biside striuelyn -  
knyhtes ant sweynes,
ffremen ant +teynes,
monye wi+t hym.

so hii weren byset on eueruche halue,
somme slaye were, ant somme dreynte hem-selue.
sire Iohan of lyndeseye nolde nout abyde,
he wod into +te water, his feren him bysyde,
to adrenche.
whi nolden hii be war?
+ter nis non a+geyn star, 
why nolden hii hem by-+tenche?

+tis wes byfore seint bartholomeus masse,
+tat ffrysel wes y-take, were hit more o+ter lasse;
To sire Thomas of Multone, gentil baroun ant fre,
ant to sire Iohan Iose, by-take +to wes he
to honde.
he wes yfetered weel,
bo+te wi+t yrn ant wy+t steel,
to bringen of scotlonde.

Sone +ter-after +te tydynge to +te kyng com.
he him sende to londone wi+t mony armed grom;
he com yn at newegate, y telle yt ou a-plyht,
a gerland of leues on ys hed y-dyht
of grene;
ffor he shulde ben yknowe,
bo+te of he+ge ant of lowe,
for treytour, y wene.

<P 18>
y-fetered were ys legges vnder his horse wombe;
bo+te wi+t yrn ant wi+t stel mankled were ys honde;
A gerland of peruenke set on ys heued;
Muche wes +te poer +tat him wes byreyed
In londe. 
so god me amende,
lutel he wende
so be broht in honde.

sire herbert of Morham, feyr knyht ant bold,
for +te loue of frysel ys lyf wes y-sold;
a waiour he made, so hit wes y-told,
ys heued of to smhyte +gef me him brohte in hold,
wat so bytyde.
sory wos he +tenne,
+to he myhte him kenne
+tourh +te toun ryde.

+tenne seide ys scwyer a word anon ryht,
"sire, we be+t ded, ne helpe+t hit no wyht!"
(Thomas de boys +te scwyer wes to nome)
"Nou ychot oure waiour turne+t ous to grome,
so y bate."
y do ou to wyte, 
here heued wes of smyte
byfore +te tour gate.

+tis wes on oure leuedy euen, for sothe ych understonde,
+te iustices seten for +te knyhtes of scotlonde:
sire Thomas of Multone, an hendy knyht ant wys,
ant sire Rauf of sondwych, +tat muchel is told in pris,
ant sire Iohan Abel,
Mo y mihte telle by tale,
bo+te of grete ant of smale,
+ge knowen suy+te wel.

<P 19>
+tenne saide +te iustice, +tat gentil is ant fre,
"sire simond ffrysel, +te kynges traytour hast +tou be,
In water ant in londe, +tat monie myhten se.
what sayst +tou +tareto? hou wolt +tou quite +te?
do say!"
so foul he him wiste,
nede waron truste,
forto segge nay.

+ter he wes ydemed, so hit wes londes lawe,
for +tat he wes lord-swyke; furst, he wes to-drawe;
vpon a re+teres hude for+t he wes ytuht,
sum while in ys time he wes a modi knyht
In huerte.
wickednesse & sunne -  
hit is lutel wunne
+tat make+t +te body smerte.

ffor al is grete poer, +get he wes ylaht; 
ffalsnesse & swykedom al hit ge+t to naht.
+to he wes in scotlond, lutel wes ys +toht
of +te harde iugement +tat him wes bysoht
In stounde.
he wes four si+te for-swore
to +te kyng +ter bifore,
& +tat him brohte to grounde.

wi+t feteres & wi+t gyues ichot he wes to-drowe,
ffrom +te tour of londone, +tat monie myhte knowe,
In a curtel of burel a selke+te wyse,
ant a gerland on ys heued of +te newe guyse,
+turh cheepe.
Moni mon of engelond
forto se symond
+tideward con lepe.

<P 20>
+to he com to galewes, furst he wes an-honge
al quic byheueded, +tah him +tohte longe.
se+t+te he wes y-opened, is boweles ybrend;
+te heued to londone brugge wes send
to shonde.
so ich euer mote +te,
sum while wende he
+ter lutel to stonde.

he ride+t +tourh +te site, as y telle may,
wi+t gomen & wy+t solas, +tat wes here play;
to londone brugge hee nome +te way -  
Moni wes +te wyues chil +tat +ter-on loke+t a day,
Ant seide alas,
+tat he wes ibore
& so villiche forlore,
so feir mon ase he was.

Nou stont +te heued aboue +te tubrugge,
ffaste bi waleis, so+t forte sugge;
after socour of scotlond longe he mowe prye,
ant after help of fraunce wet halt hit to lye,
Ich wene.
betere him were in scotlond
wi+t is ax in ys hond,
to pleyen o +te grene.

Ant +te body honge+t at +te galewes faste,
wi+t yrnene claspes longe to laste;
fforte wyte wel +te body, & scottysh to gaste,
foure ant tuenti +ter beo+t to so+te ate laste
by nyhte,
+gef eny were so hardi
+te body to remuy,
also to dyhte.

<P 21>
were sire robert +te bruyc+g y-come to +tis londe,
ant +te erl of asseles, +tat harde is an honde,
alle +te o+ter pouraille, forso+te ich vnderstonde,
mihten be ful bly+te ant +tonke godes sonde
wy+t ryhte.
+tenne myhte vch mon 
bo+t riden & gon
in pes wi+t-oute vyhte.

+te traytours of scotlond token hem to rede,
+te barouns of engelond to brynge to dede;
Charles of fraunce, so moni mon tolde,
wi+t myht & streyn+te hem helpe wolde,
his +tonkes!
Tprot, scot, for +ti strif!
hand vp +tyn hachet ant +ti knyf,
whil him laste+t +te lyf
wi+t +te longe shonkes.

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<P 21>
[} [\5. THE DEATH OF EDWARD I (1307)\] }]

Alle +tat beo+t of huerte trewe, 
a stounde herkne+t to my song,
of duel +tat de+t ha+t diht vs newe,
+tat make+t me syke ant sorewe among;
of a knyht +tat wes so strong,
of wham god ha+t don ys wille;
me +tunche+t +tat de+t ha+t don vs wrong,
+tat he so sone shal ligge stille.

<P 22>
al englond ahte forte knowe
of wham +tat song is +tat y synge - 
of edward kyng +tat li+t so lowe,
+gent al +tis world is nome con springe.
trewest mon of alle +tinge,
ant in werre war ant wys,
for him we ahte oure honden wrynge,
of cristendome he ber +te pris.

byfore +tat oure kyng wes ded, 
he spek ase mon +tat wes in care.
"Clerkes, knyhtes, barouns," he sayde,
"y charge ou by oure sware,
+tat +ge to engelonde be trewe.
y de+ge, y ne may lyuen na more;
helpe+t mi sone & croune+t him newe, 
for he is nest to buen y-core.

"Ich bi-que+te myn herte aryht,
+tat hit be write at mi deuys,
ouer +te see +tat hue be diht,
wi+t four-score knyhtes al of pris,
In werre +tat buen war & wys,
a+gein +te he+tene forte fyhte,
to wynne +te croi+g +tat lowe lys.
myself ycholde +gef +tat y myhte."

kyng of fraunce, +tou heuedest sunne,
+tat +tou +te counsail woldest fonde,
to latte +te wille of kyng edward
to wende to +te holy londe;
+tat oure kyng hede take on honde
al engelond to +geme & wysse,
to wenden in-to +te holy londe,
to wynnen vs heuenriche blisse.

<P 23>
+te messager to +te pope com,
& seyde +tat oure kyng wes ded;
ys oune hond +te lettre he nom,
y-wis is herte wes ful gret.
+te pope him-self +te lettre redde,
ant spec a word of gret honour - 
"alas!" he seide, "is Edward ded?
of cristendome he ber +te flour!"

+te pope to is chaumbre wende,
for del ne mihte he speke na more;
ant after cardinals he sende,
+tat muche cou+ten of cristes lore,
bo+te +te lasse ant eke +te more,
bed hem bo+te rede & synge;
gret deol me myhte se +tore,
mony mon is honde wrynge.

+te pope of peyters stod at is masse,
wi+t ful gret solempnete;
+ter me con +te soule blesse:
"kyng edward, honoured +tou be!
god lene +ti sone come after +te
bringe to ende +tat +tou hast bygonne;
+te holy crois y-mad of tre,
so fain +tou woldest hit han y-wonne.

"Ierusalem, +tou hast i-lore
+te flour of al chiualerie!
Nou kyng edward liue+t na more,
alas! +tat he +get shulde deye!
he wolde ha rered vp fol hey+ge
oure baners, +tat bue+t broht to grounde;
wel longe we mowe clepe & crie
er we a such kyng han y-founde!"

<P 24>
Nou is Edward of Carnaruan
king of engelond al aplyht,
god lete him ner be worse man
+ten is fader, ne lasse of myht
to holden is pore men to ryht,
ant vnderstonde good consail,
al engeland forte wisse ant diht,
of gode knyhtes darh him nout fail.

+tah mi tonge were mad of stel,
ant min herte y-+gote of bras,
+te godnesse myht y neuer telle
+tat wi+t kyng edward was.
kyng, as +tou art cleped conquerour,
in vch bataille +tou hadest pris;
god bringe +ti soule to +te honour
+tat euer wes & euer ys,
+tat leste+t ay wi+t-outen ende!
bidde we god ant oure ledy,
to +tilke blisse iesus vs sende.
Amen.



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[^TEXT:  THE LIFE OF ST. EDMUND.
THE EARLY SOUTH-ENGLISH LEGENDARY
OR LIVES OF SAINTS.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 87. 
ED. C. HORSTMANN.
LONDON, 1887. 
PP. 431.1 - 449.613 (BODL. MS. LAUD MISC. 108)^]

<P 431>
[}63 [{EADMUND CONF.{] }]

   Seint Eadmund +te confessour : +tat lyth+t at pounteneye,
Of guode men and trewe he cam : +tei huy neren nou+gt ful       #
hei+ge;
In Engelonde he was i-bore : in +te toun of Abindone.
Glad mi+ghtte +te moder beo : +tat bar swuch a sone!
Mabile +te riche is moder [{het{] : +tat guod womman was        #
i-nou+g,
For bo+te wif and wydewe : to holie lif heo drou+g.
Lustniez nou+te and i may telle : hou and in +gwat manere
Seint Eadmund was i-bore : +gif +ge it wollez i-here.
A-seint Eadmundus dai +te king : +tis guode child was i-bore;
So clene he cam fram is moder : with-oute ech-manere hore,
And so clene, +tat no cloth : +tat nei+gh +te moder was
Ne nei+gh +tis +goungue child, +to it was i-bore : no-+ting     #
+te foulere it nas.
   A-seint Eadmundes dai he was i-bore : ri+ght ase it was day;
Fram erne morewe +tat it was eue : ase a ded +ting he lay+g,
Ri+ght ase he were ded-bore : for no +ting on him lif ne sai+g;
<P 432>
+Te mide-wyues him wolden habbe i-bured : ac +te moder seide    #
euere 
nay. 
A-+gein eue he cudde furst is lif. : to churche he was i-bore,
And for seint Eadmundes day : he [{was{] Eadmund i-cleoped      #
+tare-fore.
   +Tis child wax and wel i-+tev - : elles wonder it were.
+To it was of ani elde : +te moder it sette to lere,
And Robert al-so, hire o+tur sone - : for sones heo hadde to,
And tweye maydenes clene i-nou+g : hire dou+ghtren were al-so,
Dame Margerie and dame Alis : +tat at catesbi weren i-do
And +tare in religion Nonnes huy weren : and +guyt liggez       #
+tare bo+te-to.
   Dame Mabile, heore guode moder : +teos children heo louede   #
i-nou+gh,
And wissede heom to clene liue : and to alle guodnesse heom     #
drou+gh.
+Te +gwyle +te children +gongue weren : heo +gaf heom ofte mede
For-to faste +tane friday : to watur and to brede.
+Toru+g mede and +toru+g ire faire bi-heste : huy weren so      #
+tar-on i-brou+gt,
+Tat, +to huy weren of grettore elde : it ne grefde heom        #
ri+ght nou+ght.
   +Te moder werede +te strongue here : for ore louerdes loue,
Fram +te scholdre to +te hele : and on haubark +tare-a-boue - 
In swuche manere he ladde hire lif : +te widewe +tat was so     #
wis.
wel +gongue heo sende bo+te hire sones : to scole to paris,
And bi-tok heom spense luyte i-nou+g : ase heo it mi+ghte       #
bi-seo.
huy senden hire word +tat huy ne mi+ghten : with so luyte beo.
"leoue sones," quath +te mode[{r{] : "ichulle beon a-+gein eov  #
hende;
+Gif +ge wollez aftur me do : ich can eou more sende,
And it schal eov like swi+te wel : bi +tat +ge wyteth +te ende;
Ne spariez nou+ght, mi leoue sones : out of londe to wende."
   "Leoue Moder," que+ten +te sones : "we schullen do aftur     #
+ti lore;
Ake wel +tou wost +tat we ne mouwen nou+gt libbe : bote +tou    #
us 
sende more."
   +Te moder tok wel stilleliche : ey+tur of heom ane here
And bad heom bo+te for hire loue : +tat huy with heom as bere
And werie as twie o+tur +trie : eche woke +tere,
And heo wolde heom sende spense i-nov : +te +gwuyle huy at      #
scole were.
   +Tis children +geoden to scole +to : and duden heore moder   #
heste
And wereden +te here twie a wike : o+tur +trie at +te leste.
So longe huy woneden heom +tar-to : +tat huy nomen as ofture    #
+to,
<P 433>
So +tat no+tur ny+ght ne day : huy nolden heom for-go;
   huy woneden heom so wel +tar-to : +tat huy as wereden day    #
and
ny+ght.
+Tis was, for-so+te a guod Moder : for heo tei+ghte hire        #
children a-ri+ght!
And euere +gwane heo sende heom clo+tes : ase heo as mi+ghte    #
i-winne,
+Tare-with heo wolde herene sende : faste i-seuwede with-inne.  
   Seint Eadmund +te +gongue clerk : to eche guod-nesse drou+g,
+Tat euerech clerk +tat him i-knev+g : hadde of him Ioye        #
inov+g;
For ore louerdes swete grace : with him was wel riue:
And +tat ore louerd cudde him wel : al bi is +gongue liue.
   For ase +tis child +geode a day : in a Mede to pleie,
his felawes he bi-lefde ech-on : and +geode bi-side +te wei+ge,
And al one +geode up and doun : and is bedes seide.
+To cam +tere gon a fair +gwit child : to him in +tis mede,
"Felawe," he seide, "heil +tou beo : +tat +tus one gest         #
i-lome!"
Seint Eadmund stod in gret +tou+ght : fro +gwannes +tis child   #
come.
   "Ne knoust+tou me nou+ght?" quath +tis child. : seint        #
Eadmund
seide "no."
"Ich am +ti felawe," quath +tat child : "+gwodere +tou euere    #
go.
At scole ich sitte euere bi +te : euere on +ti ri+ght side,
And with +te ich go in euerech stude : ne go +tou no so wide,
   And +ti plei-fere, for-so+te, ich am - : and +gif +tou nost  #
nou+gt +gwat ich
beo,
   In mi fore-heued i-write : mi name +tou mi+ght i-seo.
And al-so ase mi name is : in mi fore-heued i-do,
Creoyce +tare-with +ti fore-heued : and +ti breoste al-so
Euereche ni+ghte are +tou slepe : in +te muynde of me,
   And +te deuel ne schal habbe no pouwer : for-to greui +te."
   Seint eadmund nuste mit +tusse worde : +gware +tis child     #
bi-cam.
he onder-stod +tat it was ore louerd : and gret Ioye to him he  #
nam;
And nolde fur-+gite neuere ane ni+ght : his lore forto do,
to creoici +tri+ges is fore-heued : and is breoste al-so
   And segge "ihesus of Nazareth" : ase he it sai+g i-write - 
with no-+ting ne scholde a man betere : fram +te deuel him      #
wite. - 
In penaunce, and in is lore : +tis child dude al is +tou+gt;
For godes loue he +tolede muche : +tat deore him hadde          #
a-bou+ght,
<P 434>
   In penaunce he was so wel i-woned : and +gong +tar-on        #
i-brou+ght,
+Tat, +to he was of grettore elde : it ne grefde him ri+ght     #
nou+ght.
At parys he was at scole longue : and at Oxenford al-so.
he ne dude neuere lecherie : ne ensentede +tar-to;
Ase is schrift-fader wolde telle : ofte in priueite,
he ne mi+ghte neuere finde man : of so gret chastete.
   Priueliche at oxenford : on a day he cam
To one ymage of ore lauedi : and bi +te hond hire nam
And bi-hiet bi-fore hire treweliche : fram eche wummanes imone
And with treu+te holden al is lif : clanliche to hire one.
   +Tulke ymage he weddede with a ring : ase a man dot+t is     #
wif,
Clanliche to holden in spoushod : to hire al is lijf;
(\"Aue Maria, gracia plena"\) : +teos four wordes weren i-do
And i-graued in +tis ring : for huy a-cordeden wel +tar-to.
   Wel he huld is treu+te set+te : and his weddingue al-so,
And trewe spouse was i-nov+g : nolde he nou+gt misdo.
Ich wot wel, +guyt men mi+ghten finde : ho-so sou+gte bliue,
Summan, +tei it sielde beo : untreowore to is wiue,
And al ful beo of +te Mariage : +ge and fayn it wolde un-binde!
+Gwe+tur ani of eou cou+te ou+gwere : ani swuch hosebonde       #
finde? - 
   His hostasse hadde one dou+gter : +tere he was at inne,
+Tat louede muche +tis holie child : +gif heo mi+ghte is loue   #
i-winne;
heo ne cou+te nei+gh non o+tur wit : ake heo fondede for-to do
Folie bi him ny+ght and dai : +gif heo mi+ghte bringue him      #
+tar-to.
   Heo bad him +tat heo moste a-ni+ght : to is bedde wiende.
+Tis holie clerk ne wernde hire nou+ght : and dude ase +te      #
hende.
+Tat Maide was +to glad i-nov+g : for erore heo bad wel         #
of[{te{] .
A-ni+ght, +to heo hire tyme i-sai+gh : to is bed heo cam wel    #
softe,
   hire clo+tes heo dude of a non : ase it is ri+ght of bedde,
And made hire naked, to creopen in. : ake febleliche hire       #
spedde:
For seint Eadmund hadde ane smarte +georde : and +te clo+tus    #
a-doun
spradde
And beot hire on +te nakede rug : +tat wel-nei+gh heo a-wedde;
he ne sparede rug ne side no+tur : are heo to grounde bledde - 
A-quenche he mi+ghte hire fole wille : mid blode +tat heo       #
schedde!
   And euere seide +tis holie Man : ase he leide on faste,
<P 435>
"Maide, +tou schalt leorni +tus : a-wei forto caste
+Ti fole wille of +ti flesch : with swuche discipline."
heo +tou+ghte wel luyte on folie : are +tis guode clerk wolde   #
fine!
   +Tis Maide wende softe a+gen : hire rug smert ful sore.
he bi-+gat so luyte +to : +tat hire ne longuede +tudere         #
nam-more;
Clene wumman heo bi-cam : with-oute flechsliche dede,
And clene Maide deide set+te : ase hire schriftfader seide.
   +Tis Maidenes +tat beot+t willesfole : folie forto do,
I-cholde huy founden swuche lefmanes : +tat wolden heom         #
chastie so! - 
+To Mabile, is swete moder : scholde of +tis liue go,
Seint Eadmund, hire guode sone : nei+gh hire was +to;
his Moder him +gaf hire blessingue : +to heo scholde of liue    #
fare.
"Blesse mine bro+tur," quath seint Eadmund : "+tei he beo       #
elles+gware."
   "Leoue sone," quath +tis wydewe : "bo+te +ge comen of me,
And he is, +gwane +ge beoth o blod : i-blessed i-nou+g with     #
+te.
Ake ich bidde +te for godes loue : and for seinte Marie
+Tat +tou sum-+gware +tine sostrene do : in-to ane nonnerie,
So +tat huy mouwen clene lif lede : in ore louerdes seruise;
And ne soffre +tou nou+ght +tat huy beon : i-weddet in none     #
wise.
+Te catel +tat ich heom bi-que+te : +tis dede for-to do,
Al ich bi-take in +tine warde : and heom +tare-with also."
   +Tis guode womman deide +tus : +tat of wydewene was flour;
And in a chapel at Abindone heo was i-bured : with swy+te gret
honour,
In a ston bi-fore +te croiz : in +te sout+t-side, i-wis;
A luyte with-inne +te churche-hei +gate : +tat chapel a-rerd    #
is.
A-boue hire is i-write : "here lijth+t in +tis ston
Mabile, flour of wudewene" - : and lesingue nis it non,
For heo was womman of guode liue : ase Men mi+ghten bi hire     #
i-seo;
And mani Miracle at Abindone : for hire hath seth+te i-beo.
   Ne for-+gat nou+ght seint Eadmund : +tat is moder him hadde  #
i-bede:
+To is power was i-woxe : he purueide him ane stude,
+Tat is sostren weren i-do : in one Nonnerie;
Ake wel vnne+te he it fond : with-oute symonie. - 
   Simonie so is i-cleoped : foreward for-to make
<P 436>
to bugge liflode of holie churche : and a certein catel take.
A-mansede beot+t alle swuche : +tat so wollez don;
Ake na+teles to religion : manie comiez so! - 
   +Tis guode sone sou+ghte wide a-boute : mani a Nonnerie,
Are he mi+ghte his sostren do : with-oute symonie;
At+te laste he cam to Catesbi : in Norehamptone-schire,
I-graunted him was +tare a-non : al +tat he wolde desire:
   bo+te his sustren a-godes half : Nounnes he made +tere;
+Tat leueden +tare al heore lijf : and holie wommen were,
+Te eldore was seth+te prioresse : of +te lauedies ech-on - 
For heom hauez set+te ore louerd i-do : miracles mani on;
And bi-fore +te hei+ge weuede : i-burede huy beoth +tere
In a chapele +tat huy leten : of seint Eadmund a-rere. - 
   Seint Eadmund, +tis holie man : werede strongue here;
In strengore manere heo was i-maud : +tane o+tur mannes were:
heo nas i-sponne ne i-weoue : ake i-broide strengus longue,
And seth+te ase man knut a net : i-knut swi+te harde and        #
stronge,
of harde horses here i-maud - : +te knottes deope wode,
+Tat muche del of is bodie orn : of quiture and of blode.
   +Tare-of he hadde schuirte and briech : fram necke to +te    #
hiele;
vn-ayseliche he mi+ghte ligge : o+tur ani ayse i-fele.
A strong rop +tere was +tanne : a-boue fram +te scholdre i-do
to is bottokes, of horse-here : to holden it faste to;
And set+te he was bi-neo+te is briech : i-gurd faste i-nov+g
with a strong corde a-boue : +tat +te here faste drou+g.
   So faste was in euerech side : +te here to him i-bounde,
+Tat vnne+t[{e{] he mi+ghte bie+ge is rug : o+tur stoupi        #
touward +te grounde;
And +gwan he stoupede ani-+ting : is flechs was so for-gnawe
+Tat wonder was hou he it +tolede : +tat he ne hadde to de+te   #
i-drawe.
   Fiet and hondene +tat neren nou+gt : i-tormentede with +tat  #
here
Necke and face and al is heued : +tat withoute were,
he roddede a-ni+ght with +te here : +gwane no man ne mi+ghte i  #
seo;
For he nolde +tat no lime : un-pined scholde beo.
   A dai he tok al priueliche : is Manne his olde here,
+Tat he as fur-brende stilleliche : for huy for-olde were.
he caste as in gret fuyr i-nov+g - : ac it ne cam nou+ght       #
+tare-nei+gh,
<P 437>
Ake euere huy weren i-liche sounde : ase +tis man i-sei+gh.
+To he i-sai+g +tat  huy ne brende nou+ght : he bond +ter-to    #
wel faste
heuie stones to drawe a-doun : and in-to a deop watur heom      #
caste.
+Tat fuyr nadde power non : to touchi +te holie here!
Ake na+teles he tolde is louerd fore : +tat huy i-brende were.  #
- 
   Seint Eadmund and is felawe : ase it was ofte heore wone,
In a day fram leukenore : wenden to Abindone.
Ase huy comen in a gret ualei+ge : blake foule huy sei+ge
Ase it crowene and rokes weren : fleon bi +te Eyr wel hei+ge;
A luyte blac sak ase +tei it were : +tis foules a-mong heom     #
bere,
huy casten it up fram on to o+tur : ase huy it al-to-drowe and  #
to-tere.
his felawe stod and bi-h=e=old : and was nei+gh wod for fere.
   Seint Eadmund him +gaf confort : ant tolde him +gwat it      #
were:
"Deuelene," he seide, "of helle it beoth : and +tat huy berez   #
so,
i-wis,
Ane Mannes soule here-bi-fore : of Chalgraue it is,
+Tat nou+te ri+ght deide late - : heo ne cometh neuere in blis,
he mai singue weylawei : +tat he euere dude amis."
  Forth huy wenden to chalgraue : +te so+te huy founden +tere:
+Te Man was ded a luyte bi-fore : and al hot ligge on bere.
Neuere +te gladdore ne mi+ghte he beo : +tat deuelene him so    #
to-tere;
he mi+ghte segge weilawey : +tat euere is lifdawes were! - 
   Seint Eadmund, +te holie Man : louede wel is lore,
And for is lore he louede +guyt : godes seruise +te more.
Mest he louede on oresoun : +tat was of ihesu crist
And of ore leuedi, is swete Moder : and of sein Ioan +te        #
Ewangelist,
+Tat (\".O. intemerata"\) : bi-gvynnez on latyn;
+Te bi-guynningue is wel guod : and al-so is +te fin.
Euereche dai bi custome : he seide +tis oresun,
he nolde bi-leue for no scole : ne for no lessoun.
   In a dai he it fur-+gat : he hadde so muche to done.
Seint Ioan +te Ewangelist to him cam : +te ni+ght aftur-ward    #
ful sone
And a paumerie bar on is hond : gret and strong i-nou+gh;
Seint Eadmund he nam bi +te hond : and is paumerie op drou+gh,
So hei+ge and with so gret Eyr : ase he him wolde al-to-driue.
Seint Eadmund lay and quakede : and drad was of is liue,
<P 438>
For, +gif he him smite ase he dunt drou+g : he were ded  a-non;

[\HERE A FOL. IS WANTING IN THE LAUD MS.; MS HARL. CONTINUES:\]
he quakede & cride dulfulliche : "louerd, merci, seint Iohn!"
   "Ich wole for-+geue +te," qua+t seint Ioh=a=n : "+tu         #
criest so sore;
& +tench bet on oure oreisoun : & nefor+get hit nomore!"
he nefor-+gat after +tulke tyme : nomore +tis oreisoun,
For no studie nefor no neode : nefor +to+gt of lessoun. - 
   So wel lurnede +tis holi man : & suche grace hadde,
+Tat he bigan at Oxenford : & of art +ter radde.
Of art he radde six +ger : contynuelliche ynou+g,
& si+t+te for-[{to{] beo more profound : to arsmetrike he       #
drou+g,
& arsmetrike radde in cours : in Oxenford wel faste
& his figurs  drou+g aldai : & his numbre caste. - 
   Arsmetrike is alore : +tat of figurs al is
& of drau+gtes as me drawe+t in poudre : & of numbre, i-wis. - 
   A ni+gt in avisioun : his moder to him wende,
"Sone," heo seide, "to what figurs : woltou nou entende?"
"Leoue moder," qua+t +tis o+ter : "suche as we iseo+t."
"Leoue sone," qua+t +te moder : "betere figurs +ter beo+t,
wherto +tu most +tin hurte do : & +tenche her-on nomore!"
heo nom for+t his ri+gt hond : & wrot +ter-on his lore:
+Treo rounde cerclen heo wrot : in +te paume amidde,
In +te tueye heo wrot fader & sone : & holigost in +te +tridde;
"Sone," heo seide, "her-afterward : entende to +tis lore!"
To heuene a+ge +te moder wende : henese+g hire nomore.
   +To ise+g seint Edmund : +tat hit was al of +te Trinite,
& +tat god wolde +tat he schulde : ihure diuinite.
To diuinite, as god wolde : +tis gode man him drou+g;
+Ter nespedde non in Oxenford : so wel of ynou+g.
hit nas no+gt longe +ter-afterward : +tat +te Chanceler ne      #
sede,
& +te hexte maystres of +te toun : +tat he schulde bigynne &    #
rede.
he wi+tsede & longe seide : +tat he nas no+gt wor+ti +terto;
So +tat moche a+gen his wille : nede hi makede him hit do.
So +tat he bigan at Oxenford : of diuinite.
So noble alosed +ter nas non : in al +te vniuersite.
Of redinge he hadde so gode grace : +tat meni on to him drou+g;
his scolers +tat ihurde of him : gode men were ynou+g.
So pitousliche he wolde rede : & so gode grace hadde +ter-to,
+Tat his scolers +tat ihurde of him : nuste ofte what to do,
Ac sete as in ano+ter wordle : & ofte hudde here e+ge
<P 439>   
& wepe +tat +te teres vrne adoun : +tat men hit al-aboute       #
i-se+ge.
vne+te eni ihurde of him : +tat +te betere ne bicom,
& meni bileuede al +te wordle : & to religioun nom. - 
   A dai as +tis holi man : in diuinite
Desputede, as hit was his wone : of +te trinite,
In his chaire he sat longe : er his scolers come;
Alutel he bigan to swoudri : as a slep him nome.
+To +to+gte him in his swoudringe : +tat a whit coluere com
Fram heuene mid oure louerdes flesch : & +te wei to him nom,
& +tat swete flesch pulte in his mou+t : si+t+te fle+g vp       #
anhe+g;
heuene openede hire a+gen : as +tis gode man ise+g.
+Te sauour of oure louerdes flesch : him +to+gte, was in his    #
mou+te,
And al +te clergie, him +to+gte, of god : +to he awok, he       #
cou+te,
Of +te pure stat of crist : & of his mageste
As [{an{] angel him +to+gte he cou+te : & of his priueite.
   he bigan so deope desputi : of +te trinite,
+Tat  gret wonder me hadde : +turf al +te vniuersite;
+Tat +te gretteste clerkes +tat were : in Oxenforde +to
Ne +to+gte +tat eni vr+tlich man : so furfor+t mi+gte go
Ne wite so moche of godes stat : bote hit [{an{] angel were;
+Ter nere none maystres in Oxenford : +tat in gret wonder       #
+terof nere.
+Ac he mi+gte of ihesu crist iwite : more +tan was in boc,
whan he vsede oure louerdes flesch : & in his mou+te toc! - 
   Ne +to+gte no+gt +tis holi man : so moche in his lessoun
+Tat euere among his +to+gt nas mest : in godes passioun.
O tyme he was in grete studie : of his lessoun any+gt,
+Tat longe he sat +ter-aboute : forte hit was ne+g daili+gt.
+To hit was toward +te dai : a-napped he was sore,
he lynede adoun vpon his boc : +to he nemi+gte studie nomore;
So +tat he ful aslepe : & vnywar also,
& ne+to+gte no+gt on +te passioun : as he was iwoned to do.
+Te deuel com to him wel sone : no+ting to siche he nas.
Seint Edmund of him was iwar : in swoudring as he was
he wolde him blesci wi+t +te deuel : his ri+gt hond he gan      #
for+t drawe:
+Te deuel him nom +terbi anon : he nemi+gte him no+gt wawe.
+To nom he for+t his lift hond : to blesci him wi+t also:
+Te deuel him nom +terbi faste : +tat he nemi+gte no+ting do.
vpe him he lai as a sak : +tat he was al ouercome,
he nemi+gte him wawe fot ne hond : his poer him was binome.
Ac delyure he hadde al his +to+gt : so +tat he +to+gte sone
<P 440>
Of oure louerdes passioun : as he was woned to done.
   +Te deuel nemi+gte +to bileue : vpe him none +trowe,
For drede he ful sone adoun : bituene him & +te wowe.
   Seint Edmund aros vp anon : & +te deuel ouercom,
Strangliche & harde ynou : bi +te +trote he him nom.
"+turf oure louerdes passioun : tel nou," he seide, "me,
Ich axi +te hou cristene man : mai best him witie fram +te."
"Me neschal wi+t no+ting," qua+t +te deuel : "schulde fram mi   #
poer
So wel as +turf his passioun : +tat +tu nemnedest er."
   +ter lurnede +tis holi man : as we mowe ek echon,
In whiche manere we mowe best : +te deueles poer forgon,
For he hatie+t godes passioun : as man do+t his fon,
[^THE BOLD-FACE SQUARE BRACKETS IN THE EDITION WHICH DELIMIT    #
THE PRECEDING LINES 224-313 TAKEN FROM THE HARL. MS HAVE BEEN   #
OMITTED HERE; MS LAUD. CONTINUES:^]

And +gwane men it habbuth in muynde : he mot fleo a-non. - 
Euerech tyme of daye and ny+ght : seint Eadmund him gan bi-seo
+Tat he di+ghte wel to godes wille : +tat he nolde idel beo;
O+tur he was in oresones : o+tur at is bok,
O+tur he .Et. o+tur slep : o+tur to o+tur +tingus he him tok.
+Treo tymes him +tou+gte +tat he for les : +gwene he cam        #
+tar-to:
+Gwane he rod, and +gwane he slep : and +gwane he .Et. al-so;
For he nas +tanne in studie : ne in is beden no+te-mo;
Ech o+tur tyme, ase him +tou+gte : to sum prou him scholde go.  
   So longue +tat +tis guode man : to eche holienesse drou+g,
+Tat is guodnesse was wide couth : and men speken +tar-of       #
i-nov+g.
+Te beste prechur he was i-holde : +tat man ou+gware            #
under-stod - 
For ho-so hath with him godes grace : is dede mot nede beo      #
guod.
So +tat of +te Creoycerie : +te pope sente fram rome
To +te bischopus of Enguelond : +tat huy ane wise man nome
For-to prechi of +te creoycerie : ase ri+ght was for-to do.
Seint Eadmund, +te holie man : i-chose was +tare-to,
To prechi of +te creoicerie : a-boute in +te londe,
+Tat men wenden to Ierusalem : o+tur senden heore sonde.
   procracies huy +geuen him also : ase he wende a-boute,
Of persones to nime largeliche : +tat non nere with-oute.
bote +tat nolde he do for no+ting : of no man spence take;
And +gwane persones it boden him : he it wolde for-sake.
For +gwane he seruede ore louerd crist : to is owene spense he  #
tok;
<P 441>
Of persones and of o+tur men : +giftus he fur-sok.
   he ne ferde nou+gt ase +tis Ercedeknes : ne as o+ture        #
na-+te-mo,
+Tat persones and +teos pouere preostes : ouer-al doth ful wo!  
Ase he prechede a day : of +te creoiz wel longue,
A +gung man wende a-mong +te o+ture : +te creoiz for-to         #
a-fongue.
A womman +tat him louede : so heo i-sai+gh +tis,
heo hente him bi-hinde faste : and drov+g him a-+gein, i-wis.
   Also stif ase ani hard bord : hire hond bi-cam a-non,
+Tat heo ne mi+ghte as a-welde : no+tur senuwes ne bon;
And +te hond was al-so fur-crokud. : heo made revlich bere.
Seint Eadmund bi-heold a-boute : and axede +gwat it were.
"Sire, merci," quath +tis womman : "wrechchede ich am i-nov+g!
Ase +tis +gongue man wolde take +te croiz : a luyte ich him     #
with-drou+g:
And min hond is al for-croket : +gware-with ich him nam.
In alle wrechhede ich am i-brou+ght : alas, +tat ich here cam!"
   "Womman," quath +tis holie man : "wolt+tu +te croiz take?
"+Ge, louerd," he seide, "+gif ich mi+ghte : i-nelle hire       #
nou+gt for-sake."
+Tis wumman sat a-doun a-kneo : and of him +te creoiz he nam:
And hire crokede hond strei+ghte forth+t : and a-non-ri+ght     #
hol bi-cam;
heo cride and hered Ihesu crist. : +tis was couth a-non;
For +tis miracle +tare token +te creoiz : +te mo wel mani on.   
   In a time at+te gang-dawes : +tis holie man al-so
prechede a day at Oxenford : ase he ofte hadde i-do,
In alle halewene church-+gerd : In +te nor+ture side,
with +te Baneres at onderne : a-se men doth a-londe wel wide.
Ase +tis holie man with al +tis folk : in is prechingue was     #
best,
+Tat lodlokeste weder +tat mi+ghte beo : cam al fram bi west,
Swart and dreok and grislich : and ouer-caste al +tene toun;
+Te wynd blev+g al-so swi+te grisliche : ase +te world scholde  #
al a-doun;
So deork it was bi-come al-so : +tat men mi+ghte vnne+te i-se   
Lodlokur wedur +tane it was : ne mi+ghte neuere be.
   +Tat folk for drede of heore clo+tus : faste bi-gonne to     #
fleo.
"A-bidez," quath +tis holie man : "ore louerd is guod and freo.
+Te deuel it is +tat bringuth +tis wedur : for-to destourbi     #
godes lore;
Ore louerd is strengore +tane he : ne drede +ge eov nou+gt to   #
sore!"
he bi-heold upward toward god : and cride him milce and ore,
<P 442>  
+Tat he schilde hem fram +te deueles mi+ghte : +tat he ne       #
grefde hem
nammore.
+To he hadde i-seid +tis oresun : +tat wedur bi-gan to glide
In +te o+tur half of +te churche : al in +te sou+tere side;
+Tare it began to falle a-non : and nolde no leng a-bide,
+Tat vnne+te +toru+gh +te hey+ge stret : mi+ghte ani man go     #
o+tur ride - 
Ake in +te northhalf of +te churche : +tare +tis holie man      #
stod,
Ne fel neuere a reynes drope : for-to destourbi a mannes Mod;
In +te southhalf +toru+g al +te hei+ge strete : it leide on     #
for wod,
+Tat al +te stret a-watere orn : ase it were a gret flod.
   +Tat folk +tat fram +te prechingue : for drede of +te        #
wedere drov+g
And +tat wenden bi +te hei+ge strete : hadden +tar-of i-nov+g;
Ake huy +tat bi-lefden +tare : druy+ge and clene were - 
louerd, muche is +ti mi+ghte! : and fair miracle was +tere! - 
In +te toun of wyricestre : bi-tidde +tat selue cas,
Ase +tis holie man seint Eadmund : in is prechingue was;
Swuch wedur +tare cam ouer him : he drof it a-wey al-so.
Me +tinchez, ase bi is liue : fair miracle it was i-do! - 
   So wide sprong is guode los : a-boute, feor and ner,
+Tat men ne hulden nou+gt in engelonde : of guodnesse is per.
At salesburi he was i-maket : Canoun seculer;
prouendes of churches he hadde : and was tresurer.
+To he was auauncet so : he tolde +tar-of ful luyte,
he spendede a-boute on pouere Men : +tat o+ture duden in        #
pruyte;
he spendede so muche for godes loue : in is almes-dede
+Tat vnne+te he mi+ghte mid is rentes : half +ger is hous lede.
   To +te Abbeye of stanle : he wende swi+te i-lome
And suiournede +tare for defaute : for-to is crop him come - 
For Maister steuene of lexintone : +tat was +to Abbot +tere,
his desciple hadde i-be : +te +gwyle huy at scole were.
his fulle .net. he neuere mo : +tat ani Man mi+ghte i-seo,
bote ase muche ase he nede moste : +tet wolde in ani poynt be;
Of him wondrede euer-ech Man : +tat isai+g him ete,
hov he mi+ghte holde is lijf : with so luyte mete.
Of guode metes ne kepte he nou+gt : +tei men it wolde him       #
bringue;
+Gwat lutles it was, +tat he et : was al of grete +tingue.
<P 443>
   +Tat dai +tat he masse song : flechs nolde he non,
Ne +tat dai next bi-fore : for man +tat mi+ghte gon;
Fram +tat Men loke alleluya : for-to cam estur-day,
he ne .Et. nou+ght, +tat +tolede deth : ase muche folk isai+gh,
Ne in +te aduent na-+te-mo. : ake +tat was luyte i-nov+g
A-+gein is o+tur penaunce : +tat he al day forth drov+g. - 
   Hit bi-fel +tat +te Erchebischop : of caunterburi was ded:
Seint Eadmund +tar-to was chose : ase Commuyn nam heore red.
+To +te Eleccioun was i-maud : in +te chapitle at Caunterburi,
A-non huy senden heore messagers : to him to salesburi.
huy wenden toward salesbury : ake +tare nas he nou+gt;
huy founden him at Calne : +to huy longue hadden i-sou+gt.
   In is chaumbre he sat priueliche : at is boke ful stille:
No man ne dorste come him nei+gh : to letten him of is wille.
Ake na+teles on +tat was him next : ase it were is              #
chaumberlein,
Guode ti+tingue he +tou+ghte him bringue : and +tarof was wel   #
fain:
he tolde him +tat he was ichose : Erchebischop to beo.
+Tis holie man gan him chide faste : and hiet him fram him      #
fleo,
"Be stille, +tou fol! ich hote +te" : he seide, "and go out     #
heonne
a-non,
Make faste +te dore aftur +te : and ne lat +tou no man in gon
For-to lette me of mi studie : ake lat me in pays beo!"
Of +tat ti+tingue he tolde luyte : ase +tare men mi+gten i-seo.
   +Tis Messagers bi-lefden +tare oute : and carefole weren of  #
+tou+ght,
For +te day passede swi+te : and heore erinde ne duden [{huy{]  #
nou+ght.
huy wenden for heore guode ti+tingue : nobleliche beon          #
onder-fongue,
For +te muru+te of is semblaunt : +guyt +tare hem +tou+ghte     #
longue!
heore +giftus huy mi+ghten e+te a-bere : +tat +tis holie man    #
heom caste!
huy bi-menden, and it of-+tou+ghte heom sore : heore hi+gingue  #
+tuder so
faste.
   he ne a-ros nou+ght a fote fram is bok : are god +te tyme    #
sende,
Ase he was an o+tur day i-woned - : ake forth+t +to ful softe   #
he wende.
+To he cam out of is chaumbre : +te messagers come
And seiden heore erinde hou it was : +tar-of he tok luyte gome.
+To +te lettres weren i-radde : "beu freres," he sede,
"I-chulle loke +gwat mine felawes : of +tis +ting wollez rede
<P 444>
In +te chapitle of salesburi : ase ri+ght is +tat ich do."
huy nadden of him non o+tur word : +to it alles cam +tar-to.
   +Te chapitle at salesburi : i-holde was plener;
Alle +te chanouns of +te ordre : +tudere come fer and ner,
To conseili heom of +tis +ting. : +te red was sone i-take:
Gladliche at one worde : alle huy stoden +tare ate.
"buth stille!" quath +te guode man : "+gwat schal +tat i-sed?
wuyr+te nam ich nou+gt +tar-to : nimez an o+tur red!"
   "Certes," quath +te bischop +to : and +te Canones al-so,
"+Tov ne mi+ght nou+ght beo +tare-a-+gein : +tou most it nede   #
do."
Seint Eadmund seide euere nay : and bi-gan to wepe sore.
+Te Chanones wepen with him al-so : and criden cristes ore;
To is fiet huy fullen a-kneo : and heolden up heore honde
And beden him for +te loue of god : betere him under-stonde
And habbe reu+te of holie churche : and of him-sulf al-so,
And +tenche, +gwane holie churche it wolde : he moste it nede   #
do.  
   +Te bischop also weop on him : and on him cride faste,
And in vertue of obedience : hiet him at +te laste
+Tat he ne scholde it nou+ght bi-leue : godes wille to wurche
And beo bou+gsum to al +te lond : and nameliche to holie        #
churche.
+To bi-gan +tis holie man : to wepe and sike sore;
"Nov god," he seide, "us +giue is grace : is milce and eke is   #
ore!
   And ich take god to witnesse : and ore leuedi al-so
+Tat, +gif ich ne wende suneguy dedliche : i-ne scholde it      #
neuere do."
+To huy heorden +tis word of him : Ioyfole i-nou+g huy were,
And nomen him up with ioye i-nov : and to +te hei+ge autere     #
him bere,
And (\'Te deum laudamus'\) songuen : swy+te murie and hei+ge;
Euere wep +te holie Man : ase +te chanones i-sei+ge.
   So +tat he cam to caunturburi : and dude ase ri+gt was       #
+tere,
And Erchebischop was i-maud : is vn+tonkes +tei it were.
Ne +tarf no man +tar-of esche : +gwe+tur he toke on wel i-nou+g
And wel wissede holie churche : and to eche guodnesse drou+g!
+Gif is lyf was holi er : wel betere it was +to;
In strong penaunce he was i-nov+g : of fastingue and o+tur wo.
he hadde euere of selie bonde-men : pite and deol i-nov+g,
For him +tou+gte +tat +te hei+ge men : duden hem al day wou+g.  
<P 445>
   In a time on of is pouere Men : wende of lif-dawe,
And is beste best to heriet : men brou+gte him, ase it was      #
lawe.
+To cam +tis selie mannes wif : +tat careful widewe was,
And mette with +tis holie man : ase ore louerd +gaf +tat cas:
heo cride on him deolfulliche : merci and is ore,
And seide him, bote +tat o best : luyte guod heo hadde more;
heo nuste in +gwat manere : ne hou heo mi+ghte liue,
heo bad him for +te loue of god : +tat best a-+gein hire +giue.
   "Guode womman," seide +te holie man : "+tou wost wel hou it  #
is,
+Tat +tat chief louerd habbe +te beste ay+gte : +gwane is man   #
is ded, i-wis."
To is clerkes he seide a-latyn : +tat +te widewe it ne          #
under-stod:
"Me +tinchez it a lu+tur lawe : and no+tur ri+ghtful ne guod.
+Tis guode wif hath i-lore hire louerd : +tat al hire guod      #
forht+t drou+g,
And to leose +tare-aftur ire beste best : me +tinchez it is     #
wou+g;
In +tat on were lure i-nou+g : +tei heo ne lore +tat o+tur      #
al-so.
+Te deueles lawe it is of helle : and +toru+gh god neuere i-do.
   "Guode wif," he seide, "+gif ich [{+te{] take : a-+gein +ti  #
best to lone,
Wolt+tou it witie to mine bi-hof+te : for-to ich it axi         #
eft-sone?"
"+Ge, sire," quath +te widewe : "god +gelde +te +tin ore!"
+Te widewe nam hom hire best : and ne +geld it him nammore.
+Tis Auntur bi-fel ofte si+te : +gwane men him wolden bidde     #
ou+gt;
heriot of pouere men : he ne wilnede ri+ght nou+ght. - 
   We ne mowen rikeni nou+gt : alle is guode dedes.
For euere in strong penaunce i-nou+g : is lif he gan lede,
And treuliche heold up holi churche : and wuste hire fram ech   #
wou+g.
+Tare-fore hadde +te deuel of helle : to him onde i-nou+g:
he bi-gan for-to a-rere contek : bi-tweone him a-non
And +te king hanri +tat was +to : +te kingues sone Ioan.
+Te king and muche del of is folk : a+gein holie churche was,
Ase king henri, is graunt-sire : hadde a-+gein seint Thomas;
And +tat couent of caunturburi al-so : a-+gein him hul[{d{]     #
wel faste;
Ofte huy nomen louedai : ake +tet contek euere i-laste.
   A legat was +to in engelonde : +tat a-+gein him was al-so.
Ake studefast was euere +tis holie man : +tei he luyte help     #
hadde +tar-to.
huy ne mi+gten a-cordi for no-+ting : ake +te lengore +te       #
worse it was;
Ake euere nam +tis holie man : ensaumple of seint thomas.
<P 446>
Wel ofte he bad +te kingue and his : +gif it were heore wille,
+Tat huy ne weorreden nou+gt a-+gein holi churche : ake laten   #
hire beo
stille
In hire fraunchise and in pays : ase heo hadde i-beo +gare.
+Te king +tretnede +tene holie man : bote he bi-lefde is fare.
   "Of +ti +tretningue ich telle luyte" : seide +tis holie man,
"For +gif +tou me drifst out of +ti lond : an o+tur red ich     #
can:
Ich can rede at parys : ase ich are +tis habbe i-do,
And +tare-with winne me mete i-nov+g : and clo+tingue al-so.
+Gif +tou me dest to de+te bringue : +tou paist me wel i-nov+g;
+Tou ne mi+ghtest don me non more honour : +tane slen me        #
+toru+g +ti
wou+g."  
   +Guyt eft, ase he ofte dude : to +te king he sende;
And he answerede +te leng +te wors : and no-+ting nolde         #
a-mende.
+To +tis holie man i-sai+gh : +tat non-o+tur it nolde beo,
+Toru+gh holi churche he gan to fi+ghte : and a-corsede alle    #
+teo
+Tat weorreden a-+gein +te churche of caunturburi : and with    #
on-ri+ghte
duden schame;
And some +tat he gulti wuste : he a-mansede bi-name.
   To +te king and to is conseil : +tis word wel sone drou+g.
Ne +tarf no man esche : we+tur huy weren wro+te i-nov+g!
+Tare was +tretningue and bost i-nov+g : seint Eadmund heold    #
him stille,
And stifliche heold forth +te sentence : and liet heom speke    #
heore wille.
Seint Thomas cam and spak with him : and gostliche fram heouene
a-li+ghte,
And bad him beo stif and studefast : to holde up +te churches   #
ri+ghte,
And for non eor+telich anuy : ne for de+te, ne flechchie        #
nou+ght,
Ake nime ansaumple of him and o+ture : +tat so deore as hadde
a-bou+gt.
   Seint Eadmund feol a-doun a-kneo : and is hondene heold up   #
al-so
To cusse +tis holie mannes fiet. : ake he ne moste it nou+ght   #
do.
+To bi-gan he to weope sore i-nov+g : and seide "louerd, +tin   #
ore!"
"beo stille," quath seint Thomas to him : "and ne weop +tou so 
non-more!
+Gwi wilnest+tou to cusse mine fiet? : it nere +te no ri+ght    #
to do,
+Tou schalt newene +tine wille habbe : and cusse mine mouth     #
al-so."
<P 447>
   Seint Eadmund aftur +tulke tyme : studefast was i-nov+g,
To dei+ge ra+tur for holie churche : +tane men duden hire any   #
wov+g.
he +tou+ghte muche on seint Thomas : +tat out of londe wende
+Te +gwyle +te kyng was in mest wrath+te : +gif he wolde ou+gt  #
amende:
Of him he nam ensaumple : and priueliche i-nov+g
he wende out of Enguelonde : and into Fraunce he drou+g.
And +tou+ghte he was at pounteneye : swi+te faire under-fongue
And isusteyned in his anuy : +tat i-laste longue;
   Also steuene of languetone : +tat Erchebischop was,
Six +ger he was at pounteneye : in +tat sulue cas.
+To +tat seint Eadmund under-stod : of is Auncetres i-nowe,
+Gwane huy weren in contek for holie churche : to pounteneye    #
heom
drowe:
Also dude seint Eadmund - : to pounteneye he wende,
For-to a-bide +te stat of holie churche : +gwane ore louerd it  #
wolde
amende.
honoured he was faire i-nov : of alle +tat +tare were,
And euere a-bod a-mendement : fram +gere to +gere.
   Hit bi-fel, ase god wolde : +tat seint Eadmund at+te laste
Fielde is bodi heui i-nov+g : and fieblede swi+te faste;
So longue +tat he was so feble : +tat men ne radde him nou+ght
beo +tere,
Ake for-to soiorni elles-+gware : +tare betere eir to him were.
+Tis holie man is leue nam : elles-+gwodere to wiende;
+Te Monekes mauden so muche deol : +tat +tar-of nas non ende.
   "beth stille," quat +tis holie man : "for ichulle +toru      #
alle +ting
Comen hidere a+gein to eou : a-seint Eadmundes day +te kyng."
Louerd, in swuche siknesse : wuch a word +tat was i-seid!
Ake, +gwane he ne mi+ghte bi is liue : forewar[{d{] he heold    #
heom ded!
Forth he wende with is men : +tudere ase guod eir were:
To +te toun of Soysi : and bi-lefde +tere.
   So longue so it was, +tare he eode : in grete siknesse       #
i-nov+g,
So longue +tat he lay a-doun : and toward +te de+te drov+g.
So +tat he Axede ore louerdes flechs : and it was him           #
i-brou+ght.
he sat and bi-heold it faste i-nou+g : in gret studie and in    #
+tou+ght,
Longue are he seide ani word : and +to spak he wel inliche:
<P 448>
"louerd," he seide, "+tou it art : +tat ich habbe i-loued       #
treweliche,
   And treweliche on +te ich [{habbe{] bi-leue[{d{] : and       #
i-preched of +te
al-so,
And +tou treweliche at min ende-day : art i-come me to.
Ich take +te, louerd, to witnesse : +te +gwyle ich habbe on     #
vr+te i-beo,
+Tat i-ne wilnede neuere aftur no-+ting on vr+te : louerd, so   #
muche ase
aftur +te."
A,. louerd, +tat it was an hei+gh word : and he +tat so sede
Guod and holi moste he be : and swi+te holi lif lede!
+To he hadde i-nome ore louerdes flechs : he sat longue in      #
+tou+ghte,
And al lei+ghinde on Englichs : +teos wordes forth he           #
brou+ghte:
"Men seggez +tat game goth in wombe : ake i segge game goth in
heorte."
Of ore louerd +tat he hadde i-nome : wel Ioyful he was +to,
And al is game was in is heorte - : for is bodi was ful of wo.
+Te more is bodi i-pined was : +te ner he was +ten ende;
And +to is ende-day was i-come : he wuste +gwodere wiende.
   Euere +te more +tat he was : in sicknesse and in wo,
+Te gladdore he was, for he wuste : +gwodere he scholde go,
And +te more he was in Ioye : and +te muregore him gan like.
Men nuste him nou+ght enes ligge a-doun : to groni ne to siche,
Ake euere he sat glad i-nou+g : and lenede al-so wel ofte
Opon clo+tes o+tur opon is hond : and deide faire and softe.
Fair semblaunt he maude i-nov+g : ase he drov to +ten ende;
In +te moreweningue ase +te sonne a-ros : out of +tis world he  #
gan wiende.
   He deide twelf hundred +ger : and to and-fourti ri+ght
Aftur +tat ore swete louerd : in is moder was a-li+ght.
Men leten openi him a-non : & is gottus take
And burie heom +tare ase he was ded : in +te Munstre of seint   #
Iake;
Men nomen is holie bodi : and wel faire gunne it lede
To +te Abbeye of pounteneye : ase he him-sulf er sede.
A-seint Eadmundus dai +te king : +tudere he was i-brou+ght - 
he heold +te Monekes foreward : and ne failede heom nou+ght:
   For +to he ne cam nou+ght a-liue a+gein : ded he dude,       #
i-wis!
And +tare he was i-brou+ght on vr+te : and i-schrined al-so he  #
is;
he lith +tare faire i-nov+g : and with gret honour al-so.
<P 449>
Mani is +te faire Miracle : +tat god hath for him i-do.
Nou god for +te loue of him : and +tat us deore bou+ghte,
To +tulke blisse us bringue : +tat he is soule brou+ghte. Amen 



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[^TEXT:  MAN IN THE MOON.
EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH VERSE AND PROSE.
ED. J. A. W. BENNETT AND G. V. SMITHERS.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1968 (1966).
PP. 127.1 - 128.40^]

<P 127>
Mon in +te mone stond ant strit;
On is bot-forke is bur+ten he bere+t.
Hit is muche wonder +tat he n'adoun slyt - 
For doute leste he valle he shoddre+t ant shere+t!
When +te forst frese+t, muche chele he byd.
+Te +tornes be+t kene - is hattren totere+t.
Nis no wy+tt in +te world +tat wot wen he syt,
Ne (bote hit bue +te hegge) whet wedes he were+t.

Whider trowe+t +tis mon ha +te wey take?
He ha+t set is o fot is o+ter toforen.
For non hi+tte +tat he ha+t ne sy+tt me hym ner shake - 
He is +te sloweste mon +tat euer wes yboren.
Wher he were o +te feld pycchynde stake,
For hope of ys +tornes to dutten is doren,
He mot myd is twybyl o+ter trous make,
O+ter al is dayes werk +ter were yloren.

+Tis ilke mon vpon heh when er he were,
Wher he were y +te mone boren ant yfed,
He lene+t on is forke ase a grey frere.
+Tis crokede caynard sore he is adred!
Hit is mony day go +tat he was here.
Ichot of is ernde he na+t nout ysped:
He ha+t hewe sumwher a bur+ten of brere - 
+Tarefore sum hayward ha+t taken ys wed.

'+Gef +ty wed ys ytake, bring hom +te trous!
Sete for+t +tyn o+ter fot, stryd ouer sty!
We shule preye +te haywart hom to vr hous
Ant maken hym at heyse for +te maystry -  
<P 128>
Drynke to hym deorly of fol god bous,
Ant oure dame Douse shal sitten hym by.
When +tat he is dronke ase a dreynt mous,
+tenne we schule borewe +te wed ate bayly.'

+Tis mon here+t me nout, +tah Ich to hym crye;
Ichot +te cherl is def - +te del hym todrawe!
+Tah Ich +ge+ge vpon he+t nulle nout hye - 
+Te lostlase ladde con nout o lawe.
Hupe for+t, Hubert, hosede pye!
Ichot +tart amarscled into +te mawe.
+Tah me teone wi+t hym +tat myn teh mye,
+Te cherld nul nout adoun er +te day dawe. 



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<I X>
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[^TEXT:  DAME SIRITH.
MIDDLE ENGLISH HUMOROUS TALES IN VERSE.
ED. G. H. MCKNIGHT.
NEW YORK: GORDIAN PRESS, 1971 (1913). 
PP. 1.1 - 20.450

TEXT:  INTERLUDE. (APPENDIX TO DAME SIRITH).
Idem.
PP. 21.1 - 24.85^]

<P 1>

[} (\CI COMENCE LE FABLEL ET LA COINTISE DE DAME SIRIZ.\) }]

As I com bi an waie,
Hof on ich herde saie,
Ful modi mon and proud;
Wis he wes of lore,
And gou+tlich vnder gore,
And clo+ted in fair sroud.

To louien he bigon
On wedded wimmon,
+Ter-of he heuede wrong;
His herte hire wes alon,
+Tat reste neuede he non,
+Te loue wes so strong.

Wel +gerne he him bi+toute
Hou he hire gete moute
In ani cunnes wise.
<P 2>
+Tat befel on an day
+Te louerd wend away
Hon his marchaundise.

He wente him to +ten inne
+Ter hoe wonede inne,
+Tat wes riche won;
And com in to +ten halle,
+Ter hoe wes srud wi+t palle,
And +tus he bigon: - 

   "God almi+gtten be her-inne!"
"Welcome, so ich euer bide wenne,"
Quod +tis wif.
"His hit +ti wille, com and site,
And wat is +ti wille let me wite,
Mi leuelif.

Bi houre louerd, heuene-king,
If I mai don ani +ting
+Tat +te is lef,
+Tou mi+gtt finden me ful fre.
Fol ble+teli willi don for +te,
Wi+t-houten gref."
<P 3>
"Dame, god +te for+gelde,
Bote on +tat +tou me nout bimelde,
Ne make +te wro+t,
Min hernde willi to +te bede;
Bote wra+t+ten +te for ani dede
Were me lo+t."

"Nai I-wis, wilekin,
For no-+ting +tat euer is min,
+Tau +tou hit +girne,
Houncurteis ne willi be;
Ne con I nout on vilte,
Ne nout I nelle lerne.

+Tou mait saien al +tine wille,
And I shal herknen and sitten stille,
+Tat +tou haue told.
And if +tat +tou me tellest skil,
I shal don after +ti wil,
+Tat be +tou bold.

And +tau +tou saie me ani same,
Ne shal I +te noui+gt blame
For +ti sawe."
"Nou ich haue wonne leue,
+Gif +tat I me shulde greue,
Hit were hounlawe.

<P 4>
Certes, dame, +tou seist as hende,
And I shal setten spel on ende,
And tellen +te al,
Wat ich wolde, and wi ich com;
Ne con ich saien non falsdom,
Ne non I ne shal.

Ich habbe I-loued +te moni +ger,
+Tau ich nabbe nout ben her
Mi loue to schowe.
Wile +ti louerd is in toune,
Ne mai no mon wi+t +te holden roune
Wi+t no +tewe.

+Gurstendai ich herde saie,
As ich wende bi +te waie,
Of oure sire;
Me tolde me +tat he was gon
To +te feire of botolfston
In lincolne-schire.

And for ich weste +tat he ves houte,
+Tarfore ich am I-gon aboute
To speken wi+t +te.
Him bur+t to liken wel his lif,
+Tat mi+gtte welde secc a vif
In priuite.
<P 5>
Dame, if hit is +ti wille,
Bo+t dernelike and stille,
Ich wille +te loue."
"+Tat woldi don for non +tin[{g{] ,
Bi houre louerd, heuene-king,
+Tat ous is boue!

Ich habe mi louerd +tat is mi spouse,
+Tat maiden broute me to house,
Mid menske I-nou;
He loue+t me and ich him wel,
Oure loue is also trewe as stel,
Wi+t-houten wou.

+Tau he be from hom on his hernde,
Ich were ounseli, if ich lernede
To ben on hore.
+Tat ne shal neuere be,
+Tat I shal don selk falsete,
On bedde ne on flore.

Neuer more his lif-wile,
Thau he were on hondred mile
Bi-+gende rome,
For no +ting ne shuldi take
Mon on er+te to ben mi make,
Ar his hom-come."

<P 6>
   "Dame, dame, torn +ti mod;
+Ti curteisi was euer god,
And +get shal be;
For +te louerd +tat ous haue+t wrout,
Amend +ti mod, and torn +ti +tout,
And rew on me."

"We, we! oldest +tou me a fol?
So ich euer mote biden +gol,
+Tou art ounwis.
Mi +tout ne shalt +tou newer wende;
Mi louerd is curteis mon and hende,
And mon of pris;

And ich am wif bo+te god and trewe;
Trewer womon ne mai no mon cnowe
+Ten ich am.
+Tilke time ne shal neuer bitide
+Tat mon for wouing ne +toru prude
Shal do me scham."

"Swete leumon, merci!
Same ne vilani
Ne bede I +te non;
Bote derne loue I +te bede,
As mon +tat wolde of loue spede,
And fi[{n{] de won."

<P 7>
"So bide Ich euere mete o+ter drinke,
Her +tou lesest al +ti swinke;
+Tou mi+gt gon hom, leue bro+ter,
For [{ne{] wille ich +te loue, ne non o+ter,
Bote mi wedde houssebonde;
To tellen hit +te ne wille ich wonde."
"Certes, dame, +tat me for+tinke+t;
An[{d{] wo is +te mon +ta[{t{] muchel swinke+t,
And at +te laste lese+t his sped!
To maken menis his him ned.
Bi me I saie ful I-wis,
+Tat loue +te loue +tat I shal mis.
An[{d{] , dame, haue nou godnedai!
And +tilke louerd, +tat al welde mai,
Leue +tat +ti +tout so tourne,
+Tat ihc for +te no leng ne mourne."

Dreri-mod he wente awai,
And +toute bo+te ni+gt and dai
Hire al for to wende.
A frend him radde for to fare,
And leuen al his muchele kare,
To dame siriz +te hende.

<P 8>
+Tider he wente him anon,
So sui+te so he mi+gtte gon,
No mon he ni mette.
Ful he wes of tene and treie;
Mid wordes milde and eke sleie
Faire he hire grette.

"God +te I-blessi, dame siriz!
Ich am I-com to speken +te wiz,
For ful muchele nede.
And ich mai haue help of +te
+Tou shalt haue, +tat +tou shalt se,
Ful riche mede."

"Welcomen art +tou, leue sone;
And if ich mai o+ter cone
In eni wise for +te do,
I shal streng+ten me +ter-to.
For-+ti, leue sone, tel +tou me
Wat +tou woldest I dude for +te."
"Bote, leue nelde, ful euele I fare;
I lede mi lif wi+t tene and kare;

Wi+t muchel hounsele ich lede mi lif,
And +tat is for on suete wif
+Tat hei+gtte margeri.
<P 9>
Ich haue I-loued hire moni dai,
And of hire loue hoe seiz me nai;
Hider ich com for-+ti.

Bote if hoe wende hire mod,
For serewe mon ich wakese wod,
O+ter mi selue quelle.
Ich heuede I-+tout miself to slo;
For-+ten radde a frend me go
To +te mi sereue telle.

He saide me, wi+t-houten faille,
+Tat +tou me cou+test helpe and uaile,
And bringen me of wo
+Toru +tine crafftes and +tine dedes;
And ich wile +geue +te riche mede,
Wi+t +tat hit be so."

"Benedicite be herinne!
Her hauest +tou, sone, mikel senne.
Louerd, for his suete nome,
Lete +te +terfore hauen no shome!
+Tou seruest affter godes grome,
Wen +tou seist on me silk blame.
For ich am old, and sek and lame;
Seknesse haue+t maked me ful tame.
<P 10>
Blesse +te, blesse +te, leue knaue!
Leste +tou mes-auenter haue,
For +tis lesing +tat is founden
Opp-on me, +tat am harde I-bonden.
Ich am on holi wimon,
On wicchecrafft nout I ne con,
Bote wi+t gode men almesdede.
Ilke dai mi lif I fede,
And bidde mi pater noster and mi crede,
+Tat goed hem helpe at hore nede,
+Tat helpen me mi lif to lede,
And leue +tat hem mote wel spede.
His lif and his soule wor+te I-shend,
+Tat +te to me +tis hernde haue+t send;
And leue me to ben I-wreken
On him +tis shome me haue+t speken."

   "Leue nelde, bilef al +tis;
Me +tinke+t +ta[{t{] +tou art onwis.
+Te mon +tat me to +te taute,
He weste +tat +tou hous cou+test saute.
Help, dame siri+t, if +tou maut,
To make me wi+t +te sueting saut,
<P 11>
And ich wille geue +te gift ful stark,
Moni a pound and moni a marke,
Warme pilche and warme shon,
Wi+t +tat min hernde be wel don.
Of muchel godlec mi+gt +tou +gelpe,
If hit be so +tat +tou me helpe."
"Li+g me nout, wilekin, bi +ti leute
Is hit +tin hernest +tou tekest me?
Louest +tou wel dame margeri?"
"+Ge, nelde, witerli;
Ich hire loue, hit mot me spille,
Bote ich gete hire to mi wille."
"Wat, god wilekin, me rewe+t +ti sca+te,
Houre louerd sende +te help ra+te!

Weste hic hit mi+gtte ben forholen,
Me wolde +tunche wel solen
+Ti wille for to fullen.
Make me siker wi+t word on honde,
+Tat +tou wolt helen, and I wile fonde
If ich mai hire tellen.

For al +te world ne woldi nout
+Tat ich were to chapitre I-brout
For none selke werkes.
<P 12>
Mi iugement were sone I-giuen
To ben wi+t shome somer driuen
Wi+t prestes and with clarkes."

"I-wis, nelde, ne woldi
+Tat +tou heuedest uilani
Ne shame for mi goed.
Her I +te mi trou+te pli+gtte,
Ich shal helen bi mi mi+gtte,
Bi +te holi roed!"

"Welcome, wilekin, hiderward;
Her hauest I-maked a foreward
+Tat +te mai ful wel like.
+Tou mai+gt blesse +tilke si+t,
For +tou mai+gt make +te ful bli+t;
Dar +tou namore sike.

To goder-hele euer come +tou hider,
For sone willi gange +tider,
And maken hire hounderstonde.
I shal kenne hire sulke a lore;
+Tat hoe shal louien +te mikel more
+Ten ani mon In londe."

<P 13>
"Al so haui godes gri+t,
Wel hauest +tou said, dame siri+t,
And goder-hele shal ben +tin.
Haue her twenti shiling,
+Tis ich +geue +te to meding,
To buggen +te sep and swin."

"So ich euere brouke hous o+ter flet,
Neren neuer penes beter biset
+Ten +tes shulen ben.
For I shal don a iuperti,
And a ferli maistri,
+Tat +tou shalt ful wel sen.

Pepir nou shalt +tou eten,
+Tis mustart shal ben +ti mete,
And gar +tin eien to rene;
I shal make a lesing
Of +tin heie-renning,
Ich wot wel wer and wenne."

"Wat! nou const +tou no god?
Me +tinke+t +tat +tou art wod:
+Geuest +to +te welpe mustard?"
"Be stille, boinard!
<P 14>
I shal mit +tis ilke gin
Gar hire loue to ben al +tin.
Ne shal ich neuer haue reste ne ro
Til ich haue told hou +tou shalt do.
Abid me her til min hom-come."
"+Gus, bi +te somer blome,
He+ten nulli ben binomen,
Til +tou be a+gein comen"
Dame siri+t bigon to go,
As a wrecche +tat is wo,
+Tat hoe come hire to +ten inne
+Ter +tis gode wif wes inne.
+To hoe to +te dore com,
Swi+te reuliche hoe bigon:
"Louerd," hoe sei+t, "wo is holde wiues,
+Tat in pouerte lede+t ay liues;
Not no mon so muchel of pine
As poure wif +tat falle+t in ansine.
+Tat mai ilke mon bi me wite
For mai I nou+ter gange ne site.
Ded woldi ben ful fain.
Hounger and +turst me haue+t nei slain;
Ich ne mai mine limes on-wold,
For mikel hounger and +turst and cold.
War-to liueth selke a wrecche?
Wi nul goed mi soule fecche?" 
<P 15>
"Seli wif, god +te hounbinde!
To dai wille I +te mete finde
For loue of goed.
Ich haue reu+te of +ti wo,
For euele I-clo+ted I se +te go,
And euele I-shoed.

Com her-in, ich wile +te fede,"
"Goed almi+gtten do +te mede,
And +te louerd +tat wes on rode I-don,
And faste fourti daus to non,
And heuene and er+te haue+t to welde.
As +tilke louerd +te for+gelde.
Haue her fles and eke bred,
And make +te glad, hit is mi red;
And haue her +te coppe wi+t +te drinke;
Goed do +te mede for +ti swinke."
+Tenne spac +tat holde wif,
Crist awarie hire lif!
"Alas! Alas! +tat euer I liue!
Al +te sunne ich wolde forgiue
+Te mon +tat smite of min heued!
Ich wolde mi lif me were bireued!"
<P 16>
"Seli wif, what eille+t +te?"
"Bote e+te mai I sori be:
Ich heuede a douter feir and fre,
Feiror ne mi+gtte no mon se.
Hoe heuede a curteis hossebonde;
Freour mon mi+gtte no mon fonde.
Mi douter louede him al to wel;
For +ti maki sori del.
Oppon a dai he was out wend,
And +tar-+toru wes mi douter shend.
He hede on ernde out of toune;
And com a modi clarc wi+t croune,
To mi douter his loue beed,
And hoe nolde nout folewe his red.
He ne mi+gtte his wille haue,
For no +ting he mi+gtte craue.
+Tenne bigon +te clerc to wiche,
And shop mi douter til a biche.
+Tis is mi douter +tat ich of speke;
For del of hire min herte breke.
Loke hou hire heien greten,
On hire cheken +te teres meten.
<P 17>
For +ti, dame, were hit no wonder,
+Tau min herte burste assunder.
A[{nd{] wose euer is +gong houssewif,
Ha loue+t ful luitel hire lif,
And eni clerc of loue hire bede,
Bote hoe grante and lete him spede."
"A! louerd crist, wat mai +tenne do!
+Tis enderdai com a clarc me to,
And bed me loue on his manere,
And ich him nolde nout I-here.
Ich trouue he wolle me forsape.
Hou troustu, nelde, ich moue ascape?"
"God almi+gtten be +tin help
+Tat +tou ne be nou+ter bicche ne welp!
Leue dame, if eni clerc
Bede+t +te +tat loue-werc,
Ich rede +tat +tou grante his bone,
And bicom his lefmon sone.
And if +tat +tou so ne dost,
A worse red +tou ounderfost."

"Louerd crist, +tat me is wo,
+Tat +te clarc me hede fro,
Ar he me heuede biwonne.
<P 18>
Me were leuere +ten ani fe
That he heuede enes leien bi me,
And efft-sones bigunne.

Euer-more, nelde, ich wille be +tin,
Wi+t +tat +tou feche me willekin,
+Te clarc of wam I telle,
Giftes willi geue +te
+Tat +tou mai+gt euer +te betere be,
Bi godes houne belle!"

"So+tliche, mi swete dame,
And if I mai wi+t-houte blame,
Fain ich wille ffonde;
And if ich mai wi+t him mete,
Bi eni wei o+ter bi strete,
Nout ne willi wonde.

Haue goddai, dame! for+t willi go."
"Allegate loke +tat +tou do so
As ich +te bad;
Bote +tat +tou me wilekin bringe,
Ne mai neuer lawe ne singe,
Ne be glad."

<P 19>
"I wis, dame, if I mai,
Ich wille bringen him +get to-dai,
Bi mine mi+gtte."
Hoe wente hire to hire inne,
Her hoe founde wilekinne,
Bi houre dri+gtte!

"Swete wilekin, be +tou nout dred,
For of +tin her[{n{]de ich haue wel sped.
Swi+te com for +tider wi+t me,
For hoe haue+t send affter +te.
I-wis nou mai+gt +tou ben aboue,
For +tou hauest grantise of hire loue."
"God +te for-+gelde, leue nelde,
+Tat heuene and er+te haue+t to welde!"

+Tis modi mon bigon to gon
Wi+t Siriz to his leuemon
In +tilke stounde.
Dame Siriz bigon to telle,
And swor bi godes ouene belle,
Hoe heuede him founde.

"Dame, so haue ich wilekin sout,
For nou haue ich him I-brout."
"Welcome, wilekin, swete +ting,
+Tou art welcomore +ten +te king.
<P 20>
Wilekin +te swete,
Mi loue I +te bihete,
To don al +tine wille.
Turnd ich haue mi +tout,
For I ne wolde nout
+Tat +tou +te shuldest spille."

"Dame, so ich euere bide noen,
And ich am redi and I-boen
To don al +tat +tou saie.
Nelde, par ma fai!
+Tou most gange awai,
Wile ich and hoe shulen plaie."

"Goddot so I wille:
And loke +tat +tou hire tille,
And strek out hire +tes.
God +geue +te muchel kare,
+Geif +tat +tou hire spare,
+Te wile +tou mid hire bes.

And wose is onwis,
And for non pris
Ne con geten his leuemon,
I shal, for mi mede,
Garen him to spede,
For ful wel I con."

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<P 21>
[} (\HIC INCIP=T= INTERLUDIUM DE CLERICO ET PUELLA.\) }]

Clericus ait,
"Damishel, reste wel!"
"Sir, welcum, by saynt michel!"
"Wer esty sire, wer esty dame?"
"By gode, es noyer her at hame."
"Wel wor suilc a man to life
Yat suilc a may mithe haue to wyfe."
"Do way, by crist and leonard,
No wily lufe na clerc fayllard,
Na kepi herbherg, clerc, in huse, no y flore
Bot his hers ly wit uten dore.
Go forth yi way, god sire,
ffor her hastu losye al yi wile."
"Nu, nu, by crist and by sant ihon;
In al yis land ne wis hi none,
Mayden, yat hi luf mor yan ye,
Hif me micht euer ye bether be.
ffor ye hy sory nicht and day,
Y may say, hay wayleuay!"
Y luf ye mar yan mi lif,
Yu hates me mar yan yayt dos chnief.
Yat es nouct for mys-gilt,
Certhes, for yi luf ham hi spilt.
A, suythe mayden, reu of me,
Yat es ty luf hand ay salbe,
<P 22>
ffor ye luf of y[{e{] mod[{er{] of efne,
Yu mend yi mode and her my steuene!"
"By crist of heuene and sant ione,
Clerc of scole ne kepi non,
ffor many god wymman haf yai don scam - 
By crist, yu michtis haf ben at hame!"
"Synt it noyir gat may be,
Ihesu crist by-te[{c{]hy ye,
And send neulic bot yar inne,
Yat yi be lesit of al my pyne."
"Go nu, truan, go nu, go,
ffor mikel yu canstu of sory and wo!"

"God te blis, mome helwis!"
"Son, welcum, by san dinis!"
"Hic am comin to ye, mome,
Yu hel me noth, yu say me sone.
Hic am a clerc yat hauntes scole,
Y lydy my lif wyt mikel dole.
Me wor leuer to be dedh,
Yan led ye lif yat hyc ledh
ffor ay mayden with and schen,
ffayrer ho lond hawy non syen.
Yo hat mayden malkyn, y wene.
Nu yu wost quam y mene.
Yo wonys at the tounes ende,
Yat suyt lif so fayr and hende.
Bot if yo wil hir mod amende,
<P 23>
Neuly crist my ded me send!
Men send me hyder, vyt-vten fayle,
To haf yi help anty cunsayle;
Yar for amy cummen here,
Yat yu salt be my herand-bere,
To mac me and yat mayden sayct,
And hi sal gef ye of my nayct,
So yat heuer al yy lyf
Saltu be ye better wyf.
So help me crist, and hy may spede,
Riche saltu haf yi mede."
"A, son, vat saystu? Benedicite!
Lift hup yi hand and blis ye!
ffor it es boyt syn and scam,
Yat yu on me hafs layt thys blam.
ffor hic am anald quyne and a lam,
Y led my lyf wit godis loue,
Wit my roc y me fede,
Cani do non oyir dede,
Bot my pater noster and my crede,
To say crist for missedede,
And myn auy mary - 
ffor my scynnes hic am sory - 
And my deprofundis
ffor al yat y sin lys;
ffor cani me non oyir yink - 
Yat wot crist, of heuene kync.
Ihesu crist of heuene hey,
<P 24>
Gef yat hay may heng hey,
And gef yat hy may se,
Yat yay be heng' on a tre,
Yat yis ley as leyit onne me.
ffor aly wymam ami on."  



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[^TEXT:  THE FOX AND WOLF IN THE WELL.
MIDDLE ENGLISH HUMOROUS TALES IN VERSE.
ED. G. H. MCKNIGHT.
NEW YORK: GORDIAN PRESS, 1971 (1913).
PP. 25.1 - 37.295^]

<P 25>
[} [\THE FOX AND WOLF IN THE WELL\] }]

[}OF +TE VOX AND OF +TE WOLF}]

   A vox gon out of +te wode go,
Afingret so, +tat him wes wo;
He nes neuere in none wise
Afingret erour half so swi+te.
He ne hoeld nou+ter wey ne strete,
For him wes lo+t men to mete;
Him were leuere meten one hen,
+Ten half anoundred wimmen.
He strok swi+te ouer-al,
So +tat he ofsei ane wal;
Wi+tinne +te walle wes on hous,
The wox wes +tider swi+te wous;
For he +tohute his hounger aquenche,
O+ter mid mete, o+ter mid drunche.
Abouten he biheld wel +gerne;
+To eroust bigon +te vox to erne.
Al fort he come to one walle,
And som +ter-of wes afalle,
<P 26>
And wes +te wal ouer-al to-broke,
And on +gat +ter wes I-loke;
At +te furmeste bruche +tat he fond,
He lep in, and ouer he wond.
+To he wes inne, smere he lou,
And +ter-of he hadde gome I-nou;
For he com in wi+t-outen leue
Bo+ten of haiward and of reue.

   On hous +ter wes, +te dore wes ope,
Hennen weren +terinne I-crope,
Fiue, +tat make+t anne flok,
And mid hem sat on kok.
+Te kok him wes flowen on hey,
And two hennen him seten ney.
"Wox," quod +te kok, "wat dest +tou +tare?
Go hom, crist +te +geue kare!
Houre hennen +tou dest ofte shome."
"Be stille, ich hote, a godes nome!"
Qua+t +te wox, "sire chauntecler,
+Tou fle adoun, and com me ner.
I nabbe don her nout bote goed,
I have leten +tine hennen blod;
Hy weren seke ounder +te ribe,
+Tat hy ne mi+gtte non lengour libe.
<P 27>
Bote here heddre were I-take;
+Tat I do for almes sake.
Ich haue hem letten eddre blod,
And +te, chauntecler, hit wolde don goed.
+Tou hauest +tat ilke ounder +te splen,
+Tou nestes neuere daies ten;
For +tine lif-dayes be+t al ago,
Bote +tou bi mine rede do;
I do +te lete blod ounder +te brest,
O+ter sone axe after +te prest."
"Go wei," quod +te kok, "wo +te bi-go!
+Tou hauest don oure kunne wo.
Go mid +tan +tat +tou hauest nou+te;
Acoursed be +tou of godes mou+te!
For were I adoun bi godes nome!
Ich mi+gte ben siker of o+tre shome
Ac weste hir houre cellerer,
+Tat +tou were I-comen her.
He wolde sone after +te +gonge,
Mid pikes and stones and staues stronge;
Alle +tine bones he wolde to-breke;
+Tene we weren wel awreke."

   He wes stille, ne spak namore,
Ac he wer+t a+turst wel sore;
<P 28>
+Te +turst hem dede more wo,
+Ten heuede ra+ter his hounger do.
Ouer-al he ede and sohvte;
On auenture his wiit him brohute,
To one putte wes water inne
+Tat wes I-maked mid grete ginne.
Tuo boketes +ter he founde,
+Tat o+ter wende to +te grounde,
+Tat wen me shulde +tat on opwinde,
+Tat o+ter wolde adoun winde.
He ne hounderstod nout of +te ginne,
He nom +tat boket, and lep +terinne;
For he hopede I-nou to drinke.
+Tis boket biginne+t to sinke;
To late +te vox wes bi+tout,
+To he wes in +te ginne I-brout.
I-nou he gon him bi-+tenche,
Ac hit ne halp mid none wrenche;
Adoun he moste, he wes +terinne;
I-kaut he wes mid swikele ginne.
Hit mi+gte han iben wel his wille
To lete +tat boket hongi stille.
Wat mid serewe and mid drede,
<P 29>
Al his +turst him ouer-hede.
Al +tus he com to +te grounde,
And water I-nou +ter he founde.
+To he fond water, +gerne he dronk,
Him +toute +tat water +tere stonk,
For hit wes to-+geines his wille.
"Wo wor+te," qua+t +te vox, "lust and wille,
+Tat ne can me+t to his mete!
+Gef ich neuede to muchel I-ete,
+Tis ilke shome neddi nou+te;
Nedde lust I-ben of mine mou+te.
Him is wo in euche londe,
+Tat is +tef mid his honde.
Ich am I-kaut mid swikele ginne,
O+ter soum deuel me broute her-inne.
I was woned to ben wiis,
Ac nou of me I-don hit hiis."

   +Te vox wep, and reuliche bigan.
+Ter com a wolf gon after +tan
Out of +te depe wode bliue,
For he wes afingret swi+te.
No+ting he ne founde in al +te ni+gte,
Wer-mide his honger aquenche mi+gtte.
<P 30>
He com to +te putte, +tene vox I-herde;
He him kneu wel bi his rerde,
For hit wes his nei+gebore,
And his gossip, of children bore.
A-doun bi +te putte he sat.
Quod +te wolf, "Wat may ben +tat
+Tat ich in +te putte I-here?
Hertou cristine, o+ter mi fere?
Say me so+t, ne gabbe +tou me nout,
Wo haue+t +te in +te putte, I-brout?"
+Te vox hine I-kneu wel for his kun,
And +to eroust kom wiit to him;
For he +toute mid soumme ginne,
Him-self houpbringe, +tene wolf +terinne.
Quod +te vox, "Wo is nou +tere?
Ich wene hit is sigrim +tat ich here."
"+Tat is so+t," +te wolf sede,
"Ac wat art +tou, so god +te rede?'

   "A," quod +te vox, "ich wille +te telle;
On alpi word ich lie nelle.
Ich am reneuard, +ti frend,
And +gif ich +tine come heuede I-wend,
Ich hedde so I-bede for +te,
+Tat +tou sholdest comen to me."
<P 31>
"Mid +te?" quod +te wolf, "War to?
Wat shulde ich ine +te putte do?"
Quod +te vox, "+Tou art ounwiis,
Her is +te blisse of paradiis;
Her ich mai euere wel fare,
Wi+t-outen pine, wi+touten kare;
Her is mete, her is drinke,
Her is blisse wi+touten swinke;
Her nis hounger neuermo,
Ne non o+ter kunnes wo;
Of alle gode her is I-nou."
Mid +tilke wordes +te volf lou.

   "Art +tou ded, so god +te rede,
O+ter of +te worlde?" +te wolf sede.
Quod +te wolf, "Wenne storue +tou,
And wat dest +tou +tere nou?
Ne be+t nout +get +tre daies ago,
+Tat +tou and +ti wif also,
And +tine children, smale and grete,
Alle to-gedere mid me hete."
"+Tat is so+t," quod +te vox,
"Gode +tonk, nou hit is +tus,
+Tat ihc am to criste vend.
Not hit non of mine frend.
I nolde, for al +te worldes goed,
Ben ine +te worlde, +ter ich hem fond.
<P 32>
Wat shuldich ine +te worlde go,
+Ter nis bote kare and wo,
And liuie in ful+te and in sunne?
Ac her be+t ioies fele cunne;
Her be+t bo+te shep and get."
+Te wolf haue+t hounger swi+te gret,
For he nedde +gare I-ete;
And +to he herde speken of mete,
He wolde ble+teliche ben +tare.
"A!" quod +te wolf, "gode I-fere,
Moni goed mel +tou hauest me binome;
Let me adoun to +te kome.
And al ich wole +te for-+geue."
"+Ge," quod +te vox, "were +tou I-sriue,
And sunne heuedest al forsake,
And to klene lif I-take,
Ich wolde so bidde for +te,
+Tat +tou sholdest comen to me."

   "To wom shuldich," +te wolfe seide,
Ben I-knowe of mine misdede?
Her nis no+ting aliue,
+Tat me kou+te her nou sriue.
<P 33>
+Tou hauest ben often min I-fere,
Woltou nou mi srift I-here,
And al mi liif I shal +te telle?"
"Nay," quod +te vox, "I nelle."
"Neltou," quod +te wolf, "+tin ore,
Ich am afingret swi+te sore;
Ich wot to ni+gt ich wor+te ded,
Bote +tou do me somne reed.
For cristes loue be mi prest."
+Te wolf bey adoun his brest,
And gon to siken harde and stronge.
"Woltou," quod +te vox, "srift ounderfonge,
Tel +tine sunnen on and on,
+Tat +ter bileue neuer on."

   "Sone," quod +te wolf, "wel I-faie,
Ich habbe ben qued al mi lifdaie;
Ich habbe widewene kors,
+Terfore ich fare +te wors.
A +tousent shep ich habbe abiten,
And mo, +gef hy weren I-writen.
Ac hit me of-+tinke+t sore.
Maister, shal I tellen more?"
<P 34>
"+Ge," quod +te vox, "al +tou most sugge,
O+ter elles-wer +tou most abugge."
"Gossip," quod +te wolf, "for+gef hit me,
Ich habbe ofte sehid qued bi +te,
Men seide +tat +tou on +tine liue
Misferdest mid mine wiue;
Ich +te aperseiuede one stounde,
And in bedde togedere ou founde.
Ich wes ofte ou ful ney,
And in bedde to-gedere ou sey.
Ich wende, al-so o+tre do+t,
+Tat ich I-seie were so+t,
And +terfore +tou were me lo+t;
Gode gossip, ne be +tou nohut wro+t.'

   "Vuolf," quod +te vox him +to,
"Al +tat +tou hauest her bifore I-do,
In +tohut, in speche, and in dede,
In euche o+teres kunnes quede,
Ich +te for+geue at +tisse nede."
"Crist +te for+gelde!" +te wolf seide.
"Nou ich am in clene liue,
Ne recche ich of childe ne of wiue.
Ac sei me wat I shal do,
And ou ich may comen +te to."
<P 35>
"Do?" quod +te vox. "Ich wille +te lere.
I-siist +tou a boket hongi +tere?
+Tere is a bruche of heuene blisse,
Lep +terinne, mid I-wisse,
And +tou shalt comen to me sone."
Quod the wolf, "+tat is li+gt to done."
He lep in, and way sumdel;
+Tat weste +te vox ful wel.
+Te wolf gon sinke, +te vox arise;
+To gon +te wolf sore agrise.
+To he com amidde +te putte,
+Te wolfe +tene vox opward mette.
"Gossip," quod +te wolf, "Wat nou?
Wat hauest +tou I-munt? weder wolt +tou?"
"Weder, Ich wille?" +te vox sede.
"Ich wille oup, so god me rede!
And nou go doun, wi+t +ti meel,
+Ti bi+gete wor+t wel smal.
Ac ich am +terof glad and bli+te,
+Tat +tou art nomen in clene liue.
+Ti soule-cnul ich wille do ringe,
And masse for +tine soule singe."
+Te wrecche bine+te no+ting ne vind,
Bote cold water, and hounger him bind;
To colde gistninge he wes I-bede,
Wroggen haue+t his dou I-knede.
<P 36>
   +Te wolf in +te putte stod,
Afingret so +tat he ves wod.
Inou he cursede +tat +tider him broute;
+Te vox +ter of luitel route.
+Te put him wes +te house ney,
+Ter freren woneden swi+te sley.
+To +tat hit com to +te time,
+Tat hoe shulden arisen Ine,
For to suggen here houssong,
O frere +tere wes among,
Of here slep hem shulde awecche,
Wen hoe shulden +tidere recche.
He seide, "Arise+t on and on,
And kome+t to houssong heuereuchon."
+Tis ilke frere heyte ailmer;
He wes hoere maister curtiler.
He wes hof+turst swi+te stronge;
Ri+gt amidward here houssonge
Al-hone to +te putte he hede;
For he wende bete his nede.
He com to +te putte, and drou,
And +te wolf wes heui I-nou.
+Te frere mid al his maine tey
So longe +tat he +tene wolf I-sey!
For he sei +tene wolf +ter sitte,
He gradde, "+Te deuel is in +te putte!"
<P 37>
   To +te putte hy gounnen gon,
Alle mid pikes and staues and ston,
Euch mon mid +tat he hedde;
Wo wes him +tat wepne nedde.
Hy comen to +te putte +tene wolf opdrowe;
+To hede +te wreche fomen I-nowe,
+Tat weren egre him to slete
Mid grete houndes, and to bete.
Wel and wro+te he wes I-swonge,
Mid staues and speres he wes I-stounge.
+Te wox bicharde him, mid Iwisse,
For he ne fond nones kunnes blisse,
Ne hof duntes for+geuenesse. (\explicit.\)        



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[^TEXT:  THE THRUSH AND THE NIGHTINGALE.
ENGLISH LYRICS OF THE XIIITH CENTURY.
ED. C. BROWN.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1932. 
PP. 101.1 - 107.192^]

<P 101>
[} [\THE THRUSH AND THE NIGHTINGALE.\] }]
[} (\CI COMENCE LE CUNTENT PARENTRE LE MAUUIS & LA              #
RUSSINOLE\) }]

   Somer is comen wi+t loue to toune,
Wi+t blostme, and wi+t brides roune
+Te note of hasel springe+t,
+Te dewes darkne+t in +te dale.
For longing of +te ni+gttegale,
+Tis foweles murie singe+t.     

Hic herde a strif bitweies two - 
+Tat on of wele, +tat o+ter of wo.
Bitwene two I-fere,
+Tat on here+t wimmen +tat hoe be+t hende,
+Tat o+ter hem wole wi+t mi+gte shende.
+Tat strif +ge mowen I-here.

+Te ni+gtingale is on bi nome
+Tat wol shilden hem from shome,
Of ska+te hoe wole hem skere;
+Te +trestelcok hem kepe+t ay,
He sei+t bi ni+gte and eke bi day,
+Tat hy be+t fendes I-fere.

For hy biswike+t euchan mon
+Tat mest bi-leue+t hem ouppon.
+Tey hy ben milde of chere,
Hoe be+t fikele and fals to fonde,
Hoe werche+t wo in euchan londe;
Hit were betere +tat hy nere.
<P 102>
[\Nightingale\] 'Hit is shome to blame leuedy,   
For hy be+t hende of corteisy;
Ich rede +tat +tou lete.
Ne wes neuere bruche so strong,
I-broke wi+t ri+gte ne wi+t wrong,
+Tat mon ne mi+gte bete.

Hy gladie+t hem +tat be+t wro+te,
Bo+te +te heye and +te lowe,
Mid gome hy cunne hem grete.
+Tis world nere nout +gif wimen nere;
I-maked hoe wes to mones fere,
Nis no +ting al so swete.'

[\Thrush\] 'I ne may wimen herien nohut,
For hy be+t swikele and false of +tohut,
Also ich am ounderstonde.
Hy be+t feire and bri+gt on hewe,
Here +tout is fals, and ountrewe
Ful +gare ich haue hem fonde.

Alisaundre +te king mene+t of hem - 
In +te world nes non so crafti mon,
Ne non so riche of londe.
I take witnesse of monie and fele
+Tat riche weren of worldes wele,
Muche wes hem +te shonde.'

[\Nightingale\] +Te ni+gtingale hoe wes wro+t:  
'Fowel, me +tinke+t +tou art me lo+t
Sweche tales for to showe.
Among a +tousent leuedies I-tolde,
+Ter nis non wickede I holde
+Ter hy sitte+t on rowe.
<P 103>
Hy be+t of herte meke and milde,
Hem-self hy cunne from shome shilde
Wi+tinne boures wowe,
And swettoust +ting in armes to wre
+Te mon +tat holde+t hem in gle.
Fowel, wi ne art +tou hit I-cnowe?'

[\Thrush\] 'Gentil fowel, seist +tou hit me? 
Ich habbe wi+t hem in boure I-be,
I haued al mine wille.
Hy wille+t for a luitel mede
Don a sunfoul derne dede,
Here soule forto spille.

Fowel, me +tinke+t +tou art les;
+Tey +tou be milde and softe of pes,
+Tou seyest +tine wille.
I take witnesse of adam,
+Tat wes oure furste man,
+Tat fonde hem wycke and ille.'

[\Nightingale\] '+Trestelcok, +tou art wod, 
O+ter +tou const to luitel goed,
+Tis wimmen for to shende.
Hit is +te swetteste driwerie,
And mest hoe counnen of curteisie.
Nis no+ting al so hende.

+Te mest mur+te +tat mon haue+t here,
Wenne hoe is maked to his fere
In armes for to wende.
Hit is shome to blame leuedi,
For hem +tou shalt gon sori - 
Of londe ich wille +te sende.'
<P 104>
[\Thrush\] 'Ni+gttingale, +tou hauest wrong!
Wolt +tou me senden of +tis lond
For ich holde wi+t +te ri+gtte?
I take witnesse of sire wawain,
+Tat ihesu crist +gaf mi+gt and main
And streng+te for to fi+gtte,

So wide so he heuede I-gon,
Trewe ne founde he neuere non
Bi daye ne bi ni+gtte.'
[\Nightingale\] 'Fowel, for +ti false mou+t  
+Ti sawe shal ben wide cou+t,
I rede +te fle wi+t mi+gtte.

Ich habbe leue to ben here,
In orchard and in erbere
Mine songes for to singe.
Herdi neuere bi no leuedi
Bote hendinese and curteysi,
And ioye hy gunnen me bringe,

Of muchele mur+te hy telle+t me.
Fere, al so I telle +te,
Hy liuie+t in longinge.
Fowel, +tou sitest on hasel bou,
+Tou lastest hem, +tou hauest wou - 
+Ti word shal wide springe.'

[\Thrush\] 'Hit springe+t wide, wel ich wot - 
+Tou tel hit him +tat hit not!
+Tis sawes ne be+t nout newe.
Fowel, herkne to mi sawe,
Ich wile +te telle of here lawe
+Tou ne kepest nout hem I-knowe.
<P 105>
+Tenk on costantines quene - 
Foul wel hire semede fow and grene - 
Hou sore hit gon hire rewe.
Hoe fedde a crupel in hire bour,
And helede him wi+t couertour.
Loke, war wimmen ben trewe!'

[\Nightingale\] '+Trestelkok, +tou hauest wrong! 
Al so I sugge one mi song,
And +tat men wite+t wide,
Hy be+t bri+gttore ounder shawe
+Ten +te day wenne hit dawe
In longe someres tide.

Come +tou heuere in here londe,
Hy shulen don +te in prisoun stronge
And +ter +tou shalt abide.
+Te lesinges +tat +tou hauest maked,
+Ter +tou shalt hem forsake,
And shome +te shal bitide.'

[\Thrush\] 'Ni+gttingale, +tou seist +tine wille, 
+Tou seist +tat wimmen shulen me spille.
Da+teit, wo hit wolde!
In holi bok hit is I-founde,
Hy bringe+t moni mon to grounde,
+Tat proude weren and bolde.

+Tenk oupon saunsum +te stronge,
Hou muchel is wif him dude to wronge,
Ich wot +tat hoe him solde.
Hit is +tat worste hord of pris
+Tat ihesu makede in parais
In tresour for to holde.'
<P 106>
+To seide +te ni+gttingale:
[\Nightingale\] 'Fowel, wel redi is +ti tale; 
Herkne to mi lore!
Hit is flour +tat  laste+t longe,
And mest I-herd in eueri londe,
And louelich ounder gore.

In +te worlde nis non so goed leche,
So milde of +toute, so feir of  speche,
To hele monnes sore.
Fowel, +tou rewest al mi +tohut,
+Tou dost euele ne geine+t +te nohut,
Ne do +tou so nammore!'

[\Thrush\] 'Ni+gtingale, +tou art ounwis  
On hem to leggen so muchel pris,
+Ti mede shal ben lene.
Among on houndret ne be+t fiue,
Nou+ter of maidnes ne of wive,
+Tat holde+t hem al clene,

+Tat hy ne werche+t wo in londe,
O+ter bringe+t men to shonde,
And +tat is wel I-seene.
And +tey we sitten +terfore to striuen,
Bo+te of maidnes and of wiue,
So+t ne seist +tou ene.'

[\Nightingale\] 'O fowel, +ti mou+t +te haue+t I-shend! 
+Toru wam wes al +tis world I-wend?
Of a maide meke and milde,
Of hire sprong +tat holi bern
+Tat boren wes in bedlehem,
And teme+t al +tat is wilde.
<P 107>
Hoe ne weste of sunne ne of shame,
Marie wes Ire ri+gte name,
Crist hire I-shilde!
Fowel, for +ti false sawe
For-beddi +te +tis wode shawe,
+Tou fare into +te filde!'

[\Thrush\] 'Ni+gttingale, I wes woed, 
O+ter I cou+te to luitel goed,
Wi+t +te for to striue.
I suge +tat icham ouercome
+Toru hire +tat bar +tat holi sone,
+Tat soffrede wundes fiue.

Hi swerie bi his holi name
Ne shal I neuere suggen shame
Bi maidnes ne bi wiue.
Hout of +tis londe willi te,
Ne rechi neuere weder I fle,
A-wai ich wille driue. 



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[^THE ROMANCE OF SIR BEUES OF HAMTOUN,
VOLS. I-III.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 46, 48, 65.
ED. E. KOELBING.
NEW YORK, 1973 (1885-1894). 
PP. 1.1     - 21.474      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 81.1535 - 105.2146    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1>
[}SIR BEUES OF HAMPTOUN.}]

   Lordinges, herkne+t to me tale!
Is merier +tan +te ni+gtingale,
+Tat y schel singe;
Of a kni+gt ich wile +gow roune,
Beues a hi+gte of Hamtoune,
Wi+t outen lesing.
Ich wile +gow tellen al to gadre
Of +tat kni+gt and of is fadre,
Sire Gii:
Of Hamtoun he was sire
And of al +tat ilche schire,
To wardi.
<P 2>
Lordinges, +tis, of whan y telle,
Neuer man of flesch ne felle
Nas so strong,
And so he was in ech striue,
And euer he leuede wi+t outen wiue,
Al to late and long.
<P 3>
Whan he was fallen in to elde,
+Tat he ne mi+gte him self welde,
He wolde a wif take;
Sone +tar after, ich vnderstonde,
Him hadde be leuer +tan al +tis londe,
Hadde he hire for-sake.
An elde a wif he tok an honde,
+Te kinges dou+gter of Scotlonde,
So faire and bri+gt.
Allas, +tat he hire euer ches!
For hire loue his lif a les
Wi+t mechel vnri+gt.
+Tis maide ichaue of y-told,
Faire maide +ghe was & bold
And fre y-boren;
Of Almayne +tat emperur
Hire hadde loued paramur
Wel +tar be-foren
Ofte to hire fader a sente
And he him selue +teder wente
For hire sake;
Ofte gernede hire to wiue:
+Te king for no +ting aliue
Nolde hire him take.
<P 4>
Si+te a +gaf hire to sire Gii,
A stalword erl and hardi
Of Sou+thamtoun.
Man, whan he falle+t in to elde,
Feble a wexe+t and vnbelde
+Tour+g ri+gt resoun.
So longe +tai +gede to gedres te bedde,
A knaue child be-twene hem +tai hedde,
Beues a het.
Faire child he was & bolde,
He nas boute seue winter olde,
Whan his fader was ded.
   +Te leuedi hire mis-be-+tou+gte
And meche a+gen +te ri+gt +ghe wrou+gte
In hire tour:
'Me lord is olde & may nou+gt werche,
Al dai him is leuer at cherche,
+Tan in me bour.
Hadde ich itaken a +gong kni+gt,
+Tat ner nou+gt brused in werre & fi+gt,
Also he is, 
A wolde me louen dai and ni+gt,
Cleppen and kissen wi+t al is mi+gt
And make me blis.
<P 5>
I nel hit lete for no +tinge,
+Tat ich nel him to de+te bringe
Wi+t sum braide!'
Anon ri+gt +tat leuedi fer
To consaile clepede hir masager
And to him saide:
'Maseger, do me surte,
+Tat +tow nelt nou+gt discure me
To no wi+gt!
And +gif +tow wilt, +tat it so be,
I schel +te +geue gold and fe
And make +te kni+gt.'
+Tanne answerde +te masager - 
False a was, +tat pautener,
And wel prut - 
'Dame, boute ich do +te nede,
Ich graunte, +tow me for-bede
+Te londe +tour+g out.'
+Te leuedi +tanne was wel fain:
'Go,' +ghe seide, 'in to Almaine
Out of me bour!
Maseger, be +gep and snel,
And on min helf +tow grete wel
+Tat emperur,
<P 6>
And bid, in +te ferste dai,
+Tat come+t in +te mone+t of May,
For loue of me,
+Tat he be to fi+gte prest
Wi+t is ferde in hare forest
Be side +te se.
Me lord ich wile +teder sende
For his loue, for to schende
And for to sle;
Bid him, +tat hit be nou+gt be-leued,
+Tat he ne smite of his heued
And sende hit me!
And whan he haue+t so y-do,
Me loue he schel vnder-fo,
Wi+t outen delai!'
+Tanne seide +tat masager:
'Madame, ich wile sone be +ter!
Now haue gode dai!'
   Now +tat masager him go+t.
+Tat ilche lord him wor+te wro+t,
+Tat him wrou+gte!
To schip +tat masager him wode:
Allas! +Te wind was al to gode,
+Tat him ouer brou+gte.
+To he com in to Al-mayne,
+Tar a mette wi+t a swain
And grette him wel:
'Felawe,' a seide, 'par amur:
Whar mai ich finde +temperur?
+Tow me tel!'
<P 7>
'Ich wile +te telle anon ri+gt:
At Rifoun a lai to ni+gt,
Be me swere!'
+Te masager him +tankede anon
And +teder-wardes he gan gon
Wi+t outen demere.
+Temperur +tar a fonde;
Adoun a kneulede on +te grounde
Ase hit was ri+gt,
And seide: '+Te leuedi of Sou+t-Hamtone
+Te grette wel be godes sone,
+Tat is so bri+gt,
And bad +te, in +te ferste day,
+Tat come+t in +te mone+t o May,
How so hit be,
+Tat +ge be to fi+gte prest
Wi+t +gour ferde in hare forest
Be side +te se.
Hire lord +ghe wile +teder sende
For +te loue, for to schende,
Wi+t lite meini;
+Tar aboute +tow schost be fouse,
And +tow schelt after [{her{] wedde to spouse,
To +tin amy.'
'Sai,' a seide, 'icham at hire heste:
+Gif me lif hit wile leste,
Hit schel be do!
Gladder icham for +tat sawe,
+Tan +te fouel, whan hit ginne+t dawe,
And sai hire so!
<P 8>
And for +tow woldes hire erande bede,
An hors icharged wi+t golde rede
Ich schel +te +geue,
And wi+t inne +tis fourtene ni+gt
Me self schel dobbe +te to kni+gt,
+Gif +tat ich liue.'
+Te mesager him +tankede +gerne;
Hom a+gen he gan him terne
To Hamtoun;
+Te leuedi a fond in hire bour,
And he hire clepede doceamur
And gan to roun:
'Dame,' a seide, 'I +te tel:
+Tat emperur +te grette wel
Wi+t loue mest:
Glad he is for +tat tiding,
A wile be prest at +tat fi+gting
In +tat forest.
+Gif +tou ert glad +te lord to sle,
Gladder a is for loue of +te
Fele si+te!'
+Te mesager ha+t +tus isaid,
+Te leuedi [{was{] ri+gt wel apaid
And maked hire bli+te.
<P 9>
In Mai, in +te formeste dai,
+Te leuedi in hire bedde lai,
Ase hit wer nede;
Hire lord +ghe clepede out of halle
And seide, +tat euel was on hire falle,
+Ghe wende be ded.
+Tat erl for hire ha+t sorwe ikau+gt
And askede, +gif +ghe disired au+gt,
+Tat mi+gte hire freure.
'+Ge,' +ghe seide, 'of a wilde bor
I wene, me mine+t boute for,
Al of +te feure!'
'Madame,' a seide, 'for loue myn,
Whar mai ich finde +tat wilde swin?
I wolde, +tow it hadde!'
And +ghe answerde wi+t tresoun mest,
Be +te se in hare forest,
+Tar a bradde.
   +Tat erl swor, be godes grace,
In +tat forest he wolde chace,
+Tat bor to take;
And +ghe answerde wi+t tresoun +tan:
'Blessed be +tow of alle man
For mine sake!'
<P 10>
+Tat erl is hors be-gan to stride,
His scheld he heng vpon is side,
Gert wi+t swerd;
Moste non armur on him come,
Him self was boute +te fer+te some
Toward +tat ferd.
Allas, +tat he nadde be war
Of is fomen, +tat weren +tar,
Him forte schende:
Wi+t tresoun wor+t he +ter islawe
And i-brou+gt of is lif-dawe,
Er he hom wende!
Whan he com in to +te forest,
+Temperur a fond al prest;
For enui
A prikede out be-fore is ost,
For pride and for make bost,
And gan to crie:
'A+gilt +te, treitour! +tow olde dote!
+Tow schelt ben hanged be +te +trote,
+Tin heued +tow schelt lese;
+Te sone schel an-hanged be
And +te wif, +tat is so fre,
To me lemman i chese!'
<P 11>
+Terl answerde at +tat sawe:
'Me +tenke+t, +tow seist a+gen +te lawe,
So god me amende!
Me wif and child, +tat was so fre,
+Gif +tow +tenkest be-neme hem me,
Ich schel hem defende!'
+To prikede is stede sire Gii,
A stalword man and hardi,
While he was sounde;
+Temperur he smot wi+t is spere,
Out of is sadel he gan him bere
And +trew him to grounde.
'Treitour!' a seide, '+tow ert to bolde!
Wenestow, +te+g ich bo olde,
To ben afered?
+Tat +tow hauest no ri+gt to me wif,
I schel +te ki+te be me lif!'
And drou+g is swerd.
+Tat erl held is swerd adrawe,
+Temperur wi+t he hadde slawe,
Nadde be sokour:
+Tar come kni+gtes mani & fale,
Wel ten +tosent told be tale,
To +temperur.
+To sire Gii him gan defende,
+Tre hondred heuedes of a slende
Wi+t is brond;
Hadde he ben armed wel, y-wis,
Al +te meistre hadde ben his,
Ich vnderstonde.
<P 12>
+Tre men were slawe, +tat he +ter hadde,
+Tat he wi+t him out ladde
And moste nede;
To haue merci, +tat was is hope;
+Temperur after him is lope
Vpon a stede.
+Terl knewlede to +temperur,
Merci a bad him and sokour
And is lif:
'Merci, sire, ase +tow ert fre,
Al +tat ichaue, i graunte +te,
Boute me wif!
For +tine men, +tat ichaue slawe,
Haue her me swerd idrawe 
And al me fe:
Boute me +gonge sone Bef
And me wif, +tat is me lef,
+Tat let +tow me!'
'For gode,' que+t he, '+tat ich do nelle!'
+Temperur to him gan telle,
And was agreued,
Anon ri+gt is swerd out drou+g
And +te gode kni+gt a slou+g
And nam is heued.
<P 13>
A kni+gt a tok +te heued an honde:
'Haue,' a seide, 'ber +tis sonde
Me leue swet!'
+Te kni+gt to Hamtoun +to gan gon,
+Te leuedi +tar a fond anon
And gan hire grete:
'Dame,' a seide, 'to me atende:
+Temperur me hider sende
Wi+t is pray!'
And +ghe seide: 'Blessed mot he be!
To wif a schel wedde me
To morwe in +te dai.
Sai him, me swete wi+gt,
+Tat he come +get to ni+gt
In to me bour!'
+Te mesager is wei ha+t holde,
Al a seide, ase +ghe him tolde,
To +temperur.
   Now scholle we of him mone,
Of Beues, +tat was Guis sone,
How wo him was:
+Gerne a wep, is hondes wrong,
For his fader a seide among:
'Allas! Allas!'
<P 14>
He clepede is moder & seide is sawe:
'Vile houre! +Te worst to-drawe
And al to-twi+gt!
Me +tenke+t, ich were +ter of ful fawe,
For +tow hauest me fader slawe
Wi+t mechel vnri+gt!
Allas, moder, +te faire ble!
Euel be-come+t +te, houre to be,
To holde bordel,
And alle wif houren for +te sake,
+Te deuel of helle ich hii be-take,
Flesch and fel!
Ac o +ting, moder, i schel +te swere:
+Gif ich euer armes bere
And be of elde,
Al +tat ha+t me fader islawe
And ibrou+gt of is lif dawe,
Ich schel hem +gilden!'
+Te moder hire ha+t vnderstonde,
+Tat child +ghe smot wi+t hire honde
Vnder is ere.
+Te child fel doun & +tat was sca+te,
His meister tok him wel ra+te,
+Tat hi+gte Saber.
<P 15>
+Te kni+gt was trewe & of his kinde,
Strenger man ne scholde men finde
To ride ne go.
A was ibrou+gt in tene & wrake
Ofte for +tat childes sake
Ase wel ase +to.
+Tat childe he nam vp be +te arm, 
Wel wo him was for +tat harm,
+Tat he +tar hadde.
Toward is kourt he him kende;
+Te leuedi after Saber sende
And to him radde.
'Saber,' +ghe seide, 'tow ert me lef,
Let sle me +gonge sone Bef,
+Tat is so bold!
Let him an-hange swi+te hi+ge,
I ne reche, what de+t he di+ge,
Si+t+te he be cold!'
Saber stod stille & was ful wo;
Na+teles a seide, a wolde do
After hire sawe;
+Te child wi+t him hom he nam,
A swin he tok, whan he hom cam,
And dede hit of dawe.
<P 16>
+Te childes clo+tes, +tat were gode,
Al a bi-sprengde wi+t +tat blode
In mani stede,
Ase +gif +te child were to-hewe,
A +tou+gte to his moder hem schewe,
And so a dede.
At +te laste him gan adrede,
He let clo+ten in pouer wede
+Tat hende wi+gt,
And seide: 'Sone, +tow most kepe
Vpon +te felde mine schepe
+Tis fourte ni+gt!
And whan +te feste is come to +tende,
In to ano+ter londe I schel +te sende
Fer be sou+te,
To a riche erl, +tat schel +te gie
And teche +te of corteisie
In +te +gou+te.
And whan +tow ert of swich elde,
+Tat +tow mi+gt +te self wilde,
And ert of age,
+Tanne scheltow come in te Ingelonde,
Wi+t werre winne in to +tin honde
+Tin eritage.
<P 17>
I schel +te helpe wi+t alle me mi+gt,
Wi+t dent of swerd to gete +te ri+gt,
Be +tow of elde!'
+Te child him +tankede & sore wep,
And for+t a wente wi+t +te schep
Vpon +te velde.
   Beues was herde vpon +te doun,
He lokede homward to +te toun,
+Tat scholde ben his;
He be-held to-ward +te tour,
Trompes he herde and tabour
And meche blis.
'Lord,' a seide, 'on me +tow mone!
Ne was ich ones an erles sone
And now am herde?
Mi+gte ich wi+t +tat emperur speke,
Wel ich wolde me fader awreke
For al is ferde!'
<P 18>
He neme+t is bat and for+t a go+t,
Swi+te sori and wel wro+t,
To-ward +te tour;
'Porter!' a sede, 'let me in reke!
A lite +ting ich aue to speke
Wi+t +temperur.'
Go hom, truant!' +te porter sede,
'Scherewe houre sone, y +te rede,
Fro +te gate:
Boute +tow go hennes also swi+te,
Hit schel +te rewe fele si+te,
+Tow come +ter ate!
Sixte +te scherewe, ho be itte,
A loke+t, [{as{] a wolde smite
Wi+t is bat:
Speke he ou+gt meche more,
I schel him smite swi+te sore
Upon is hat.'
'For gode,' que+t Beues, 'na+teles,
An houre sone for so+t ich wes,
Wel ich it wot!
Y nam no truant, be godes grace!'
Wi+t +tat a lefte vp is mace
Anon fot hot.
<P 19> 
Beues wi+t oute +te gate stod
And smot +te porter on +te hod,
+Tat he gan falle;
His heued he gan al to cleue
And for+t a wente wi+t +tat leue
In to +te halle.
Al aboute he gan be-holde,
To +temperur he spak wordes bolde
Wi+t meche grame:
'Sire,' a sede, 'what dostow here?
Whi colles +tow aboute +te swire
+Tat ilche dame?
Me moder is +tat +tow hauest an honde:
What dostow her vpon me londe
Wi+t outen leue?
Tak me me moder and mi fe,
Boute +tow +te ra+ter hennes te,
I schel +te greue!
Nastow, sire, me fader slawe?
+Tow schelt ben hanged & to-drawe,
Be godes wille!
Aris! Fle hennes, I +te rede!'
+Temperur to him sede:
'Foul, be stille!'
<P 20>
Beues was ni+g wod for grame,
For a clepede him foul be name,
And to him a wond;
For al +tat weren in +te place,
+Tries a smot him wi+t is mace
And wi+t is honde.
+Tries a smot him on +te kroun;
+Tat emperur fel swowe adoun,
+Tar a sat.
+Te leuedi, is moder, gan to grede:
'Neme+t +tat treitour!' +ghe sede,
'Anon wi+t +tat!'
+To dorste Beues no leng abide;
+Te kni+gtes vp in ech a side,
More and lasse,
Wo hem was for +te childes sake,
Boute non of hem nolde him take,
Hii lete him pase.
Beues go+t faste ase he mai,
His meister a mette in +te wai,
+Tat hi+gte Saber,
& he him askede wi+t bli+te mod:
'Beues!' a seide, 'for +te rode,
What dostow her?'
<P 21>
'I schel +te telle al to gadre:
Beten ichaue me stifadre
Wi+t me mace;
+Tries i smot [{him{] in +te heued,
Al for ded ich him leued
In +te place!'
'Beues!' que+t Saber, '+tow ert to blame:
+Te leuedi wile now do me schame
For +tine sake!
Boute +tow be me consaile do,
+Tow mi+gt now sone bringe vs bo
In meche wrake!'

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 81>
   Now is Iosian a quene,
Beues in prisoun ha+t gret tene.
+Te romounce telle+t, +ter a set,
Til +te her on is heued greu to is fet;
Snakes and euetes & oades fale,
How mani, can i nou+gt telle in tale,
+Tat in +te prisoun were wi+t him,
+Tat prouede euer wi+t her venim
To sle Beues, +tat gentil kni+gt,
Oc, +tour+g +te grace of god almi+gt,
Wi+t +te tronsoun, +tat he to prisoun tok,
A slou+g hem alle, so sai+t +te bok.
A fleande nadder was in an hole,
For elde blak ase eni cole;
Vnto Beues +ghe gan flinge
And in +te fore-hed +tou+gte him stinge.
Beues was redi wi+t is tronsoun
And smot hire, +tat +ghe fel adoun.
Vpon a+gen +te nadder rowe
And breide awei his ri+gt browe;
+To was Beues sore agreued
And smot +te nadder on +te heued;
So harde dent he hire +gaf,
+Te brein cleuede on is staf.
Doun fel +te nadder, wi+t outen faile,
And smot so Beues wi+t +te taile,
+Tat ne+g a les +ter contenaunse,
Almest is lif was in balaunse.
Whan he awakede of +tat swou+g,
+Te tronsoun eft to him a drou+g
And bet hire al to pises smale,
Ase hit is fonde in frensche tale.
+To he hadde slawe +te foule fendes,
Be +tat hadde Beues lein in bendes
Seue +ger in peines grete,
Lite idronke & lasse iete;
His browe stank for de-faut of +geme,
+Tat it set after ase a seme,
<P 82>
Whar +tour+g +tat maide ne kneu him nou+gt,
Whan hii were eft to gedre brou+gt.
   On a dai, ase he was mad & feint,
To Iesu Crist he made is pleint
& to his moder, seinte Marie,
Reuliche he gan to hem crie:
'Lord,' a seide, 'heuene king,
Schepere of er+te & alle +ting:
What haue ich so meche misgilt,
+Tat +tow sext & +tolen wilt,
+Tat +te we+terwines & +te fo
Schel +te seruaunt do +tis wo?
Ich bedde +te, lord, for +te pite,
+Tat +tow haue merci on me
And +geue grace, hennes to gange
Or sone be drawen o+ter an-hange!
Me rou+gte neuer, what de+t to me come,
Wi+t +tat ich were hennes nome!'
<P 83>
+Te gailers, +tat him scholde +geme,
Whan hii herde him +tus reme,
'+Tef! cherl!' seide +tat on +to:
'Now be+t +te lif dawes y-do,
For king ne kaiser ne for no sore
Ne scheltow leue no lenger more.'
Anon ri+gtes wi+t +tat word
A laumpe he let doun be a cord,
A swerd a tok be his side,
And be +te cord he gan doun glide
And smot him wi+t +tat o+ter hond,
& Beues, to +te grounde a wond.
'Allas,' que+t Beues, '+tat ilche stounde!
'Wo is +te man, +tat li+t y-bounde
Medel bo+te fet and honde!
+To ich com ferst in to +tis londe,
Hadde ich had me swerd Morgelay
And Arondel, me gode palfray,
For Dames, nadde be tresoun,
I nolde haue +geue a botoun,
And now +te meste wreche of alle
Wi+t a strok me do+t adoun falle,
Bidde ich neuer wi+t Iesu speke,
Boute ich +ter of [{may{] ben awreke!'
<P 84>
A smot +te gailer wi+t is fest,
+Tat is nekke him to-berst.
His felawe aboue gan to crie:
'Hi+ge hider, felawe,' que+t Beues, 'hi+ge!'
'+Gif +tow most haue help,' a sede,
'Ich come to +te wi+t a gode spede!'
'+Gis!' que+t Beues, al for gile,
And knette +te rop +tar while
Ase hi+g ase a mi+gte reche.
+To que+t Beues wi+t reuful speche:
'For +te loue of sein Mahoun,
Be +te rop glid bliue adoun
And help, +tat +tis +tef wer ded!'
Whan he hadde +tus ised,
+Tat o+ter gailer no leng abod,
Boute be +te rop adoun he glod.
Whan +te rop failede in his hond,
Beues held vp +tat gode bronde
And felde to gronde +tat sori wi+gt,
+Tour+g out is bodi +tat swerd he pi+gt.
   Now er +tai ded, +te geilers tweie,
& Beues li+t to +te rakenteie,
His lif him +tou+gte al to long,
+Tre daies after he ne et ne drong.
<P 85>
Tofore +tat, for so+te to sai,
A was woned, ech o+ter dai
Of bere lof to haue a quarter
To his mete & to his diner;
And, for is meisters wer bo+te ded,
+Tre daies after he ne et no bred.
To Iesu Crist he bed a bone,
And he him grauntede wel sone;
So +gerne he gan to Iesu speke,
+Tat his vetres gonne breke
And of is medel +te grete ston.
Iesu Crist he +tankede anon;
A wente quik out of prisoun
Be +te rop, +te gailer com adoun,
And wente in to +te castel ri+gt,
Ac it was aboute +te mid-ni+gt;
He lokede aboute fer & ner,
Noman wakande ne se+g he +ter;
He be-held for+ter a lite
To a chaunber vnder a garite,
+Tar inne he se+g torges i-li+gt;
Beues wente +teder ful ri+gt;
Twelf kni+gtes a fond +ter aslepe,
+Tat hadde +te castel for to kepe;
+Te chaumber dore a fond vnsteke,
And priueliche he gan in reke
And armede him yrene wede,
+Te beste, +tat he fond at nede,
And gerte him wi+t a gode bronde
And tok a gode spere in is honde;
A scheld aboute is nekke he cast
And wente out of +te chaumber in hast.
For+ter a herde in a stable
Pages fele, wi+t oute fable,
Ase +tai sete in here raging;
In at +te dore Beues gan spring,
And for +tai scholde him nou+gt wrain,
Vnder his hond he made him plai.
& whan +te Sarasins wer islawe,
+Te beste stede he let for+t drawe
<P 86>
And sadelede hit & wel adi+gt
And wente him for+t anon ri+gt
And gan to crie wi+t loude steuen
And +te porter he gan neuenen:
'Awake!' a seide, 'proude felawe,
+Tow were wor+ti ben hanged & drawe!
Hi+ge, +te gates wer vnsteke,
Beues is out of prisoun reke,
And icham sent now for is sake,
+Te treitour +gif ich mi+gte of-take!'
+Te porter was al bewaped:
'Allas!' que+t he, 'is Beues ascaped?'
Vp he caste +te gates wide,
And Beues bi him gan out ride
And tok is wei ful hastelie
Toward +te londe of Ermonie.
He nadde ride in is wei
Boute seue mile of +tat contrei,
He wex asleped wonder-sore,
He mi+gte ride no for+ter-more;
He reinede his hors to a chesteine
And felle aslepe vpon +te pleine;
And alse a slep, in is sweuene
Him +tou+gte, Brademond & kinges seuen
Stod ouer him wi+t swerdes drawe,
Al slepande him wolde han slawe.
Of +tat sweuen he was of-drad,
He lep to hors ase he wer mad,
<P 87>
Towarde Damas a-gein, apli+gt!
Now reste we her a lite wi+gt,
& speke we scholle of Brademond.
Amorwe, whan he it hadde ifonde,
+Tat Beues was ascaped so,
In is hertte him was ful wo.
+Tat time be comin acent
+Tar was comin parlement,
Erles, [{barouns{] , lasse & more,
& fiftene kinges wer samned +tore.
To hem Brademond tolde +tare,
+Tat Beues was fro him i-fare,
And bad help wi+t mi+gt & main,
For to feche Beues again.
<P 88>
A king +tar was swi+te fer,
His nam was hote Grander.
An hors he hadde of gret pris,
+Tat was icleped Trinchefis;
For him a +gaf seluer wi+gt,
Er he +tat hors haue mi+gt.
<P 89>
He armede him in yrene wede,
Seue kni+gtes he gan wi+t him lede
And prikede for+t on Trenchefis
And wende wenne meche pris;
And Beues sone he gan se,
Ase he rod to-ward +te cite.
'A+gilt +te,' a seide, '+tow fox welp,
+Te god schel +te no+ting help,
For her +tour+g min hondes one,
For so+te, +tow schelt +te lif for-gon!'
'So me helpe god!' que+t Beues +to,
'Hit were no meistri, me to slo,
For +tis is +te fer+te dai agon,
Mete ne drinke ne bot i non:
Ac na+teles, god it wot,
+Gif ich alle nedes mot,
+Git ich wile asaie,
A lite box +te to paie!'
   King Grander was of herte grim
& rod to Beues & he to him;
And ase +tei bo+te to gedre mete,
Wi+t here launces +tei gonne mete,
+Tat hit gonnen al to-driue
& te-borsten on pises fiue.
Here swerdes drowe kni+gtes stoute
And fi+gte+t faste, it is no doute;
+Te medwe squau+gte of her dentes,
+Te fur fle+g out, so spark o flintes;
<P 90>
+Tus +tai leide on in bo+te side
Be-twene midmorwe & vndertide.
King Grander was agremed strong,
+Tat sire Beues him stod so long,
And wi+t is swerd a hitte is scheld,
A quarter fel in to +te feld,
Hauberk, plate and aktoun,
In to Beues for+ter arsoun
Half a fot he karf doun ri+gt.
+To Beues se+g +tat strok of mi+gt,
A seide: '+Tat dent was wel iset,
Fasten y wile ano+ter bet!'
Wi+t +tat word Beues smot doun
Grander is scheld wi+t is fachoun,
And is left hande be +te wrest,
Hit fle+g awei +tour+g help of Crist.
+To Grander hadde his scheld i-lore,
He fau+gt ase he wer wode +ter fore;
A +gaf Beues strokes +tat tide,
Non ne moste o+ter abide.
Beues +ter of was agreued
And smot of king Grander is heued,
+Te dede kors in +tat +trowe
Fel out ouer +te sadel bowe.
+To king Grander was islawe,
+Te seue kni+gtes of he+ten lawe
Beues slou+g +tat ilche stounde,
So hit is in Frensch y-founde.
For nou+gt Beues nolde be-laue,
+Te beter hors wolde haue;
Beues Trenchefis be-strit,
And in is weie for+t a rit,
<P 91>
And Brademond wi+t al is ost
Com after wi+t meche bost;
So longe hii han Beues driue,
+Tat hii come to +te cliue,
+Tar +te wilde se was.
Herkne+t now a wonder-cas!
In to +te se a moste, iwis,
O+ter fi+gte a+genes al he+tenes.
To Iesu Crist he bad a bone,
And he him grauntede wel sone:
'Lord,' a sede, 'heuene king,
Schepere of er+te & alle +ting,
+Tow madest fisch ase [{wel{] alse man,
+Tat no+ting of senne ne can,
Ne nou+gt of fisches kenne
Neuer +get ne dede senne,
Of +tis he+tene hounde,
+Tat beste +te and bounde
And bete +te body to +te de+te,
+Tar fore ich may alse e+te
To water fle in +tis stede,
To fisch, +tat neuer senne dede,
+Tan her daien in londe
In al +tis Sarasines honde!'
Beues smot is hors, +tat it lep
In to +te se, +tat [{was{] wel dep.
<P 92>
Whan he in to +te se cam,
Ouer +te se, y wot, a swam;
In a dai and in a ni+gt
A bar ouer +tat gentil kni+gt.
Whan he com of +tat wilde brok,
His gode stede him resede & schok,
And Beues, for honger in +tat stounde
+Te hors +trew him doun to grounde.
'Allas!' que+t Beues, whan he doun cam,
'Whilom ichadde an erl-dam
And an hors gode and snel,
+Tat men clepede Arondel;
Now ich wolde +geue hit kof
For a schiuer of a lof!'
A restede him +ter a lite tide,
His gode stede he gan be-stride
And rod ouer dale & doun,
Til he com to a gret toun;
+Te leuedi +tar of ouer +te castel lai,
And Beues hire sone of-say
And wende ben al out of care
And +Tou+gte wel to spede +tare.
Beues to +te castel gate rit
And spak to hire, aboue him sit:
'Dame,' a seide, '+tat sit aboue,
For +tat ilche lordes loue,
On wham +tin herte is on iset:
+Geue me to day a meles met!'
<P 93>
+Te leuedi answerde him +to:
'Boute +tow fro +te gate go,
+Te wer beter elles whar +tan her:
Go, or +te tit an euel diner!
Me lord,' +ghe seide, 'is a geaunt
& leue+t on Mahoun & Teruagaunt
And felle+t cristene men to grounde,
For he hate+t hem ase hounde!'
'Be god!' que+t Beues, 'i swere an o+te:
Be him lef and be him lo+te,
Her ich wile haue +te mete
Wi+t loue or ei+ge, wha+ter I mai gete!'
+Te leuedi swi+te wro+t wi+t alle
Wente hire for+t in to +te halle
And tolde hire lord anon fore,
How a man hadde iswore,
+Tat he nolde fro +te +gete,
Er he hadde +ter +te mete.
+Te geaunt was wonder-strong,
Rome +tretti fote long;
He tok a leuour in is hond,
And for+t to +te gate he wond.
Of Beues he nam gode hede,
Ful wel a knew Beues is stede:
'+Tow ert nome +tef, y-wis:
Whar stele +tow stede Trenchefis,
<P 94>
+Tat +tow ridest vpon here?
Hit was me bro+teres Grandere!'
'Grander,' que+t Beues, 'y +gaf hod
And made him a kroune brod;
+To he was next vnder me fest,
Wel y wot, ich made him prest,
And hi+g dekne ich wile make +te,
Er ich euer fro +te te!'
+Tanne seide +te geaunt: 'Meister sire,
Slou+g +tow me bro+ter Grandere,
For al +tis castel ful of golde
A liue lete +te ich nolde!'
'Ne ich +te,' que+t Beues, 'i trowe!'
+Tus be-ginne+t grim to growe.
   +Te geaunt, +tat ich spak of er,
+Te staf, +tat he to fi+gte ber,
Was twenti fote in leng+te be tale,
+Tar to gret & no+ting smale;
To sire Beues a smot +ter wi+t
A sterne strok wi+t outen gri+t,
Ac a failede of his diuis
And in +te heued smot Trenchefis,
+Tat ded to grounde fel +te stede.
'O,' que+t Beues, 'so god me spede,
+Tow hauest don gret vileinie,
Whan +tow sparde me bodi
And for me gilt min hors aqueld,
+Tow witest him, +tat mai nou+gt weld.
Be god, i swere +te an o+t:
+Tow schelt nou+gt, whan we to-go+t,
Lau+gande me wende fram,
Now +tow hauest mad me gram!'
<P 95>
Beues is swerd anon vp swapte,
He and +te geaunt to-gedre rapte
And delde strokes mani & fale:
+Te nombre can i nou+gt telle in tale.
+Te geaunt vp is clobbe haf
And smot to Beues wi+t is staf,
+Tat his scheld fle+g fram him +tore
+Tre akres brede and sumdel more.
+To was Beues in strong erur
And karf ato +te grete leuour
And on +te geauntes brest a wonde,
+Tat ne+g a felde him to +te grounde.
+Te geaunt +tou+gte +tis bataile hard,
Anon he drou+g to him a dart,
+Tour+g Beues scholder he hit schet,
+Te blod ran doun to Beues fet.
+To Beues se+g is owene blod,
Out of is wit he wex ne+g wod,
Vnto +te geaunt ful swi+te he ran
& kedde +tat he was dou+gti man,
And smot ato his nekke bon:
+Te geaunt fel to grounde anon.
<P 96>
Beues wente in at castel gate,
+Te leuedi a mette +ter ate.
'Dame!' a seide, 'go, +geue me mete,
+Tat euer haue +tow Cristes hete!'
+Te leuedi, sore adrad wi+t alle,
Ladde Beues in to +te halle,
And of eueriche sonde,
+Tat him com to honde,
A dede hire ete al +ter ferst,
+Tat +ghe ne dede him no berst.
And drinke ferst of +te win,
+Tat no poisoun was +ter in.
Whan Beues hadde ete inou+g,
A keuerchef to him a drou+g
In +tat ilche stounde,
To stope mide is wonde.
'Dame, dame,' Beues sede,
'Let sadele me a gode stede,
<P 97>
For hennes ich wile ride,
I nel no lenger her abide!'
+Te leuedi seide, +ghe wolde fawe;
A gode stede +ghe let for+t drawe
And sadeled hit & wel adi+gt,
And Beues, +tat hendi kni+gt,
Into +te sadel a lippte,
+Tat no stirop he ne drippte.
For+t him wente sire Beuoun,
Til he com wi+t oute +te toun
In to a grene mede.
'Now, louerd Crist,' a sede,
'+Geue it, Brademond, +te king,
He and al is of-spring,
Wer ri+gt her vpon +tis grene:
Now ich wolde of me tene
Swi+te wel ben awreke,
Scholde he neuer go ne speke:
Now min honger is me aset,
Ne liste me neuer fi+gten bet!'
   For+t a wente be +te strem,
Til a com to Iurisalem;
To +te patriark a wente cof,
& al his lif he him schrof
<P 98>
And tolde him, how hit was be-go,
Of is wele and of is wo.
+Te patriark hadde reu+te
Of him and ek of is treu+te
And for-bed him vpon his lif,
+Tat he neuer toke wif,
Boute +ghe were clene maide.
'Nai, for so+te!' sire Beues saide.
On a dai a+genes +te eue
Of +te patriarke he tok is leue;
Erliche amorwe, whan it was dai,
For+t a wente in is wai;
And also a rod him self alone:
'Lord,' a +tou+gte, 'whar mai i gone?
Whar ich in to Ingelonde fare?
Nai,' a +tou+gte, 'what scholde i +tare,
Boute +gif ichadde ost to gader,
For to sle me stifader?'
He +tou+gte, +tat he wolde an hie
In to +te londe of Ermonie,
To Ermonie, +tat was is bane,
To his lemman Iosiane.
<P 99>
And also a wente +teder ri+gt,
A mette wi+t a gentil kni+gt,
+Tat in +te londe of Ermonie
Hadde bore him gode companie;
+Tai kiste hem anon wi+t +tat
And a+ter askede of o+teres stat.
+Tanne seide Beues and lou+g:
'Ich aue fare hard inou+g,
Sofred bo+te honger & chele
And o+ter peines mani & fele
+Tour+g king Ermines gile:
+Get ich +tenke to +gelde is while,
For he me sente to Brademond,
To haue slawe me +tat stonde:
God be +tanked, a dede nou+gt so,
Ac is in prisoun wi+t meche wo
Ichaue leie +tis seuen +gare,
Ac now icham from him ifare
+Tour+g godes grace & min engyn,
Ac al ich wite it king Ermyn,
And, ne wer is dou+gter Iosiane,
Sertes, ich wolde ben is bane!'
'Iosiane,' que+t +te kni+gt, 'is a wif
A+gen hire wille wi+t meche strif.
Seue +ger hit is gon and more.
+Tat +te riche king Yuore
To Mombraunt ha+t hire wedde
Bo+te to bord and to bedde,
<P 100>
And ha+t +te swerd Morgelai
And Arondel, +te gode palfrai:
Ac si+te +te time, +tat i was bore,
Swiche game hadde ich neuer be-fore,
Ase ich hadde +tat ilche tide,
Whan i se+g king Yuor ride
To-ward Mombraunt on Arondel;
+Te hors was nou+gt ipaied wel:
He arnede awai wi+t +te king
+Tour+g felde & wode, wi+t outen lesing,
And in a mure don him cast,
Almest he hadde deied in hast.
Ac er hii wonne +te stede,
Ropes in +te contre +tai leide;
Ac neuer si+te, wi+t oute fable,
Ne com +te stede out of +te stable,
So sore he was aneied +tat tide;
Si+t+te dorste noman on him ride!'
For +tis tiding Beues was bli+te,
His ioie kou+te he noman ki+te.
'Wer Iosiane,' a +tou+gte, 'ase lele,
Alse is me stede Arondel,
+Get scholde ich come out of wo!'
And at +te kni+gt he askede +to:
'Whider-wardes is Mombraunt?'
'Sere,' a sede, 'be Teruagaunt,
+Tow mi+gt nou+gt +tus wende for+t,
+Tow most terne al a+gen nor+t!'
Beues ternede his stede
And rod nor+t gode spede;
Euer a was pasaunt,
Til a com to Mombraunt.
Mombraunt is a riche cite,
In al +te londe of Sarsine
<P 101>
Nis +ter non +ter to iliche
Ne be fele parti so riche.
And whan +tat hende kni+gt Beuoun
Come wi+t outen +te toun,
+Tar wi+t a palmer he mette,
And swi+te faire he him grette:
'Palmer,' a sede, 'whar is +te king?'
'Sire!' a seide, 'an honting
Wi+t kinges fiftene.'
'And whar,' a seide, 'is +te quene?'
'Sire,' a seide, 'in hire bour.'
'Palmer,' a seide, 'paramour,
+Gem me +tine wede
For min and for me stede!'
'God +geue it,' que+t +te palmare,
'We hadde driue +tat chefare!'
Beues of is palfrei ali+gte
And schrede +te palmer as a kni+gte
And +gaf him is hors, +tat he rod in,
For is bordon and is sklauin.
+Te palmer rod for+t ase a king,
& Beues wente alse a bre+teling.
Whan he com to +te castel gate,
Anon he fond +tar ate
Mani palmer +tar stonde
Of fele kene londe,
<P 102>
And he askede hem in +tat stede,
What hii alle +tar dede.
+Tanne seide on, +tat +tar stod:
'We be+t icome to haue gode,
And so +tow ert also!'
'Who,' que+t Beues, 'schel it vs do?'
'+Te quene, god hire schilde fro care!
Meche +ghe loue+t palmare;
Al +tat +ghe mai finden here,
Eueriche dai in +te +gere,
Faire +ghe wile hem fede
And +geue hem riche wede
For a kni+gtes loue, Beuoun,
+Tat was i-boren at Sou+thamtoun;
To a riche man +ghe wolde him bringe,
+Tat kou+te telle of him tiding!'
'Whanne,' que+t Beues, 'schel +tis be don?'
A seide: 'Be-twene middai & noun.'
Beues, hit ful wel he sai,
Hit nas boute +gong dai;
A +tou+gte, +tat he wolde er +tan
Wende aboute +te barbican,
<P 103>
For to loke & for to se,
How it mi+gte best be,
+Gif he +te castel wolde breke,
Whar a mi+gte best in reke;
And also a com be a touret,
+Tat was in +te castel iset,
A herde wepe and crie;
+Tederward he gan him hie.
'O allas,' +ghe seide, 'Beuoun,
Hende kni+gt of Sou+t-hamtoun,
Now ichaue bide +tat day,
+Tat to +te treste i ne may:
+Tat ilche god, +tat +tow of speke,
He is fals & +tow ert eke!'
In al +te seuene +ger eche dai
Iosiane, +tat faire mai,
Was woned swich del to make,
Al for sire Beues sake.
+Te leuedi gan to +te gate te,
+Te palmeres +tar to se;
And Beues, after anon
To +te gate he gan gon.
+Te palmers gonne al in +treste,
Beues abod & was +te laste;
<P 104>
And whan +te maide se+g him +tar,
Of Beues +ghe nas no+ting war;
'+Te semest,' que+t +ghe, 'man of anour,
+Tow schelt +tis dai be priour
And be-ginne oure deis:
+Te semest hende and corteis.'
Mete and drinke +tai hadde afyn,
Bo+te piment and plente a wyn,
Swi+te wel +tai hadde ifare;
+Tanne seide +te quene to [{eche{] palmare:
'Herde euer eni of +gow telle
In eni lede or eni spelle,
Or in feld o+ter in toun,
Of a kni+gt, Beues of Hamtoun?'
'Nai!' que+t al, +tat +tar ware.
'What +tow?' +ghe seide, 'niwe palmare?'
+Tanne seide Beues and lou+g:
'+Tat kni+gt ich knowe wel inou+g!
Atom,' a seide, 'in is contre
Icham an erl and also is he;
<P 105>
At Rome he made me a spel
Of an hors, men clepede Arondel:
Wide whar ichaue iwent
And me warisoun ispent,
I sou+gt hit bo+te fer & ner,
Men telle+t me, +tat it is her:
+Gif euer louedestow wel +tat kni+gt,
Let me of +tat hors haue a si+gt!'



<B CMALISAU>
<Q M2 NI ROM KALEX>
<N K ALEX>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V VERSE>
<T ROMANCE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>



[^KYNG ALISAUNDER, VOL. I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 227.
ED. G. V. SMITHERS.
LONDON, 1952.
BODLEIAN MS LAUD MISC. 622 (B):
PP. 45.753   - 71.1238    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 211.3772 - 239.4282   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 286.5447 - 310.5927   (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 399.7352 - 423.7776   (SAMPLE 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,45>
   Now is +te kyng wroo+t and grym,
Who shulde be kyng after hym - 
His son Philippe, oi+ter Alisaundre,
Of whom he bere+t swiche sklaundre.
He doo+t his temples alle bihonge
Wi+t baudekynes, brode and longe.
Oxen, sheep, and ek ken,
Many on he dude slen,
And after he bad his goddes feyre
He most wyte of his eyre,
Of Alisaunder and Philippoun,
Who shulde haue +te regioun.
A voice ansuered in an ymage,
'Kyng, +tou hast a colt sauage.
Who so may +tere-on skippe,
Be it Alisaunder, be it Philippe,
He shall of Corinthe toun
After +tee bere coroun.'
+Te kyng herd wel +tis soun;
So dude many gentil baroun.
+Te kyng in to court wende+t.
+Te children sone he ofsende+t.
Bulcifal nay+ge+t so loude
+Tat it shrille+t in to +te cloude.
+Tai wenten alle to +te stable
+Tere it was tyed jnne, saun fable - 
For a +tousande pounde of golde
Philippoun it nei+gen wolde,
Ac Alisaundre lep on his rygge
So a golfynche doo+t on +te hegge.
He it vntyed and lete gon
So of bowe flei+ge+t +te flon;
Fast he sitte+t, and halt +te rayne.
Vp and doune he it may demayne,
And doo+t in tourne in a +gerdes leng+te,
<P I,47>
And a-force+t it wi+t streng+te.
Nys he bot of twelue +ger olde - 
His dedes weren stronge and bolde.
Fele weren at his li+gttyng +tare
+Tat reuerence gret hym bare,
And seiden it was wor+ti +ting
He were +te nexte crouned kyng.
   Mery tyme is wode sere:
+Te corne rype+t in +te ere,
+Te lefdy is rody in +te chere,
And maiden bri+gth in +te lere.
+Te kni+gttes hunte+t after dere,
On fote and on destrere.
Kyng Philippe sitte+t in his halle,
Amonge his dukes and barons alle
+Tat he ha+t somouned wyde
To ben bifore hym on +tat tyde,
For he wolde in Corinthe toune
Alisaundre his son coroune
(+Tat is, forto sigge ari+gth,
+Giue hym armes and maken hym kni+gth,
And maken cou+t to alle gyng
After hym he shulde be kyng).
Kyng Philippe +tat was his lorde
Girde hym wi+t riche swerde,
And +gaf hym +te colee ari+gth,
And bad he shulde be gode kni+gth.
At +te yssue of +te doren
Tholomeus dude on his sporen.
Dubbed weren an hundre+t kni+gttes
For his loue myd hym +tere-ri+gttes.
After +te seruise of +te dubbyng,
He goo+t to mete wi+t +te kyng.
Wel men mowe wite +tere was plente
Of mete and drynk and grete deynte.
Ac after mete, onon-ri+gttes,
+Te kyng of-cleped gentil kni+gttes
<P I,49>
(Jch woot it weren his tresorers);
He hete hem charge seuen somers
Wi+t riche rede jtried golde,
And Alisaundre he +giuen it sholde.
+Tai duden her lordes comaundement,
And afenge faire +tat present,
And departed on gentyl wyse,
Sum to kni+gttes of hei+ge seruise,
Sum mareschales, and botlers,
To +goman, page, and joglers.
Alle +too +tat fongen wolde
Ynou+g hadden of rede golde.
Alisaundres gode loos
Of +Tat +gyuyng first aroos.
   A Kyng +tere was, sumdel fer +tenne,
+tat had greued mychel his kynne;
He was yhoten Nicholas.
Alisaundre his oo+t made has,
He wil to hym wende onon,
And wreke his fader of his fon,
And grad aloude wi+t word kene,
'Who me loue+t now wor+te ysene!'
+Te stronge kni+gttes of +te halle
Quyk ronnen to armes alle,
And trusseden her somers,
And lepen vpon her destrers.
Wi+t her atyre shippes and barge
+Tai gonnen many forto charge.
And olyfauntz, and ek camayles,
Bo+te hij charged wi+t vitailes.
Alle to water +tai don blyue,
+Te +trid day and comen to ryue.
+Tai swymme+t wi+t spreet, drawe+t wi+t honde,
And +te shippes brynge+t to londe.
Many kni+gth, wi+t armes shene,
Quyk +tere lepen on +te grene,
And maden many pauylouns
<P I,51>
To Alisaundre and hise barouns.
+Tere-whiles Alisaundre hym di+gttes
Mid a partye of his kni+gttes,
And wandred vpon a stronde,
And mette +te kyng of +te londe,
+Tat hi+g Nicholas of Cartage,
Hardy man, stout, and sauage,
+Tat seide to Alisaundre onon,
'Who +gaf +tee leue here to gon?
Now quyk do +tee hennes sone,
For +tou ne hast nou+gth here to done.'
Alisaundre loked a-skof,
As he ne had y+goue +tere-of.
Nicholas hym ennoyede,
Wi+t wra+t+te and to Alisaundre seide,
'What doostou here, +tou mysbi+gete gome?
Bot for +tine harme hider artou come.
Fy, vyle ateynt hores sone!
To mysdon was ay +ti wone.
Quyk take me +ti wed for +tis disray.'
Alisaundre ansuered, 'Nay!
Wed ne shaltou habbe of me,
Ac Ich wil habbe wed of +tee.
Al +tis londe +tat +tou telles +tine
And +ti coroune so shal be myne.
+Gif +tou wilt of londe fle,
+Te may +te better sumdel be.'
'Fy on +tee!' quo+t Nicholas,
And spat on hym amyd +te face.
'Mowe Ich +tee fynde after +tis,
J shal +te don bynde, jwys.
+Tou shalt ben honged and todrawe,
And quyk of +tine hyde yflawe.
Afterward +tou wor+test ybarned.'
And quyk away he is y-arned;
For had he abiden, any +ting,
He had abou+gth his spaityng.
Alisaunder was sore awhaped
<P I,53>
+Tat he was so sone ascaped,
And suore he shulde sore abugge,
And his hede for +tat gilt legge - 
For al +te golde of Cartage
Nolde he take o+tere gage.
Her ei+ter to o+tere ost is went,
Ful of yre and mautalent.
+Te ni+gth +tai reste+t litel, forso+te,
Bot as men +tat ben wro+te.
Wel warded +tai weren bo+te +tat ni+gth,
Al forto spronge +te dayes li+gth.
   Cler and fair is day-springyng,
And make+t many departyng
Bituene kni+gth and his suetyng.
+Te sonne arise+t and felle+t deveyng,
Of nesshe clay and make+t clyngyng.
Many ben jolyf in +te morowenyng
And +tolen de+t in +te euenyng.
Nis in +tis werlde non so siker +ting,
+Te tyme nei+ge+t of her wendyng.
Alisaunder in +te daweyng
Quyk had armed al his gyng - 
Wi+t mychel ost he is comyng.
+Tere was trumpyng and tabournyng,
Lepyng of stedes and nay+geyng.
Many a riche gilt shelde
+Tat day shoon vpon +te felde,
And many banere ygilt of ynde
+Tat day rateled in +te wynde.
Wi+t cryeyng and +tretyng wordes
Hij metten, wi+t speres ordes.
Many dou+gtty +gonge kni+gth
+Tat ilk day assayed his mi+gth;
Vche on o+tere, wi+t grete mayn,
<P I,55>
Tobrusten her launces in +te playn.
Summe hadden perced +te +tarmes
+Torou+g +te shelde and her armes,
Somme +te +trote, summe +te hertes
Hadden perced and storuen, certes.
After launces, swerdes +tai drowe,
And many kni+gttes o+tere slow+ge.
Many +tere weren +tat yuel sped,
For +tai laiden heuedes to wed.
Summe armes and hondes loren,
And summe legges, wi+t +te sporen.
Many kni+gth, in litel stounde,
Lagh+gtte +tere dedly wounde.
Many kni+gth starf +tere in +te prees;
Many childe was faderles;
Many lefdy lees her amoure,
And many maiden her gent socoure.
Many steden drowen her bridel - 
Who-so wolde, he mi+gth ryde,
Wi+touten siluer, wi+touten golde,
Whider-wardes so he wolde.
On bo+te half, in litel stounde,
Was many a kni+gth yleid to grounde,
Ac +te descounfyt and +te damage
Fel vpon hem of Cartage.
Nicholas ysawe al +tis,
And made a newe justes, jwys,
And slou+g of Alisaunder men
Moo +tan J +gou telle can.
+Too Alisaundre sei+g +tis greuaunce,
He took on honde a styf launce,
And amydward +te place
He mette wi+t Nicholas.
Hei+ge he bare his sharp spere - 
+Torou+g he shelde he gan hym bere,
Ac +te armes weren so stronge
+Te spere nolden hij nou+gth fonge.
Alisaunder +te spere forlete,
<P I,57>
And drou+g his swerd, also skeete.
Nicholas he took in +te swere,
+Tat he leide his heued to hyre,
And seide to hym, also skeet,
'+tis Ich +te +gesterday byheet,
+Too +tou spytted in my visage.'
+Te o+tere slowen wi+t grete rage.
+Te spoyle +tai token of +te dede,
Hors and armes gode at nede.
Alisaundre quyk wi+t alle
Of Cartage felde +te walle,
And slou+g doune-ri+gth, wi+toute pyte,
And took +te spoyle of +te cite,
And +te coroune of +te londe,
And bare it away jn his honde.
Golde, and siluer, alle o+tere +tinges,
Hij trussen to her shippynges.
+Te wynde is ri+gth good, saun faile - 
Hij setten mast and halen sayle,
And wende+t toward her londe.
Jesus Crist vs sende his sonde.
   Whiles Alisaundre was in medleye,
And slou+g folk in o+tere cuntreye,
Comen folk of Grece and Alisaundre,
And on Olympyas leiden sklaundre,
And seiden wi+t wrong she was quene,
For she hore had ybene;
And sworen, and seiden veire
Alisaundre was fals ayre.
For +tis sklaundre +tat was so vyle,
And also of grete peryle,
Kyng Philipp, by al his regioun,
Of-sent erle, duk, kni+gth, and baroun,
+Tat juggeden alle hem bitwene
Olympyas ne shulde be quene.
Ac mi+gth she wers, mi+gt[{h{] she bett,
<P I,59>
Jn a castel she was yshett,
And was assigned lyueresoun
Skarslich and nou+gth a foysoun.
   +Te kyng dude by his conseile,
And sent to Asserye saunz fayle,
To Cleopatras, +tat riche quene,
+Tat she shulde his spouse bene.
+Te messagers weren gent barouns;
+Te lefdy leued her rounes,
And granted by conseilyng
To ben yspoused to Philippe +te kyng.
+Te day was sette, wi+touten essoyne - 
+Te +tritten+te day at Macedoyne.
+Too +tis message was hom ycome,
+Tere was many a bli+te gome.
Of olyue and of muge-floures
Weren ystrewed halle and boures.
Wi+t samytes and baudekyns
Weren curtyned +te gardyns.
Alle +te jnnes of +te toun
Hadden litel foysoun
+Tat day +tat com Cleopatras,
So mychel poeple wi+t hir was.
She rood on a mule white so mylk;
Her herneys was gold-beten sylk.
+Te prince hire led of Candas,
And of Sydoyne Sir Jonathas.
Ten +tousande barons hir comen myde,
And to chirche wi+t hire ryde.
Yspoused she is and set on deys.
Nov gynne+t gest of gret nobleys.
   At +te fest was harpyng,
And pipyng and tabournyng, 
And sitollyng and trumpyng,
Knijf-pleyeyng and syngyng,
Carolyng and turneieyng, 
<P I,61>
And wrestlyng and skirmyng.
+Te gamen ne ge+t nou+gth al by lyne - 
+Tere summe lei+ge+t and summe whyne.
Olympyas she here+t +tis,
Jn +te toure whare she shet is.
She wepe+t and synge+t 'Weilaway!'
+Tat she euere abode +tat day.
She clepe+t hire self often wrecche;
She biddes de+t +tat he hire fecche,
And seide, 'Son, O Alisaundre!
Jch abygge of +tee +te sklaunder.
Sore of+tinke+t me +tis cas
+Tat +tou fi+gttes wi+t Nicholas.
Haddestou leued in +tis londe,
Ne had Ich +toled swiche shonde.'
Mi+gth she haue yfounde a knijf,
She had yspilt sone her lijf.
'Allas', she seide, 'J nere aqueld!
For men me clepe+t quene afeld.
Ne may Ich neuer of honour +gelp,
Alisaunder, bot +tou me help.'
+Tus she grad 'Weilaway!'
Tyl +te tyme of hei+ge mydday.
   At none rise+t hire worschipes:
Aryued ben hire sones shippes.
He noot nou+gth of +tis bridale,
Ne noman telle+t hym +tere-of tale.
He grei+tes hym in riche weden,
And doo+t drawen a-londe his steden.
He lepe+t vp myd ydone
On a stede of Nerebone.
He dasshe+t for+t vpon +te londe,
+Te riche coroune on his honde
Of Nicholas +tat he wan.
Biside hym ride+t many a gentil-man.
To +te paleys he come+t ryde,
And fynde+t +tis feste and al +tis pride.
<P I,63>
For+t goo+t Alisaundre, saunz fable,
Ri+gth vnto +te hei+ge table,
And +te coroune, wi+t golde biweued,
He sette+t on his fader heued.
His fader praise+t his prowesse,
Of +te coroune and +te richesse.
Alisaundre gynne+t aboute seen,
And see+t corouned a straunge quen,
And he ne sei+g nower Olympias,
+Tat his owen moder was.
Jn herte he gynne+t fecche mood,
And loke+t as he were wood,
And seide, 'Fader, whan my moder is q[{ue{]ne,
+Tou shalt at hir bridale bene.'
He wasshe+t and sitte+t at +te fest;
Men hym serue+t of +te best.
A duk +tere was, hoten Lesyas;
To Alisaundre he com gode pas,
And ramproned hym of Olympias.
Alisaundre so anoyed was
Ouer +te table he gan stoupe,
And smoot Lesyas wi+t +te coupe
+Tat he fel doun in +te flette - 
His ei+gen out of his heued shette.
Hym to awreke kyng Philippe
Ouer +te table gan to skippe,
Ac he lau+gtte sone swiche qued
He was jn borne for nei+g ded.
Alisaundres folk com flynge,
Fyue hundred vpon a rynge.
+Te tables weren ouer+trowen,
And many kni+gttes wel sone yslawen.
Alisaundre name Cleopatras,
And out hire harshede, grete pas,
And sette hire quyk vpon a mule,
<P I,65>
And droof hire out of toun foule.
Vilenye gret to hire was shape,
Bot +too +tat mi+gtten her de+t scape.
Cleopatras flei+g to hire londe,
Wi+t mychel shame and mychel shonde.
Alisaundre had +tat best
+Tat was purueied to +tat fest - 
Golde, and siluer, and riche clo+te
(+Tai +tat it loren weren wro+te!).
+Tus it fare+t at fest wi+t vnwise:
After mete cuntek arise+t.
Wel is +te moder +tat may for+t fede
Childe +tat helpe+t hire at nede.
Olympias is now awroke,
Ac +gut she is in walle biloke,
And noot here-of no+ting,
Of Alisaundres contekyng.
Ac Alisaundre sone vnderstant
Hou al +tis contek is ywant.
Jt nys non nede here to duelle,
Ne longe tales here to telle.
His fader he sett a raysoun;
He is biknowe he is his son,
And +tat he is ri+gth heir
After hym to regne, veir.
Al he make+t his dames pes,
And al sklaunder he make+t les.
To hir he ha+t +te waye ynome.
Joyeful is she of his come.
She wolde hym telle al her ylle,
And he hire hote+t helden stille:
She shulde hire pleynt do to no+te,
For he wyst wel +te so+te.
Quyk he led hire hom;
Hym folowed many kni+gth and grom.
+Tere was [{a{]gonne newe fest,
<P I,67>
And of glev-men many gest.
Kyng Philippe was a male eys.
Alisaundre helde +te deys;
He dude seruen Olympias 
Jn golde, in siluer, in brus, in glas.
So riche fest no man ne say
So Alisaunder held +tat day.
Kyng Philippe +tere-myd was,
And acorded wi+t Olympias.
Also +tai seten at +tis gestenyng,
Comen messages to Philippe +te kyng.
   Mery swi+te it is in halle
Whan +tat berdes wawe+t alle.
Messagers come+t flynge
Jn to +te halle tofore +te kynge,
From a cite, on hors and fote,
+Tat was Mantona yhote.
+Tai seiden hym, at on word,
+Tai nolden hym more to lorde,
For hem defenden he ne mi+gth.
Her kni+gttes and her dukes wi+gth
Nolden more of hym helde.
+Te kynges veynes wexen chelde,
And nyst what he done mi+gth,
Ac by conseil of his kni+gttes
He take+t Alisaunder +tis disray,
Forto amende it +gif he may.
Alisaunder it haue+t afonge,
Wharfore at table hym +tinke+t longe.
After mete, demeyntenaunt,
To mou+te he sett his olyfaunt;
He blowe+t smert and loude sounes.
Kni+gttes hem armen in court and tounes - 
Hij vnderstonden +tat it be nede.
+Tere come+t to hym armed on stede
Ten +tousande, al prest and +gare
Jn to bataile forto fare,
<P I,69>
And fiftene +tousandes o[{n{] ladden
+Tat swerdes and boklers bo+te hadden,
And axes, speres, forkes, and slynges,
And alle stalwor+te gadelynges.
Alisaundre was swiftest and +gep,
And on Bulcyfal lepe,
And touched hym myd +te spore,
And he sprong out at +te halle-dore.
Ne shulde foule, gret ne smal,
Haue ysiwed Bulcyfal.
He brou+gth al to wille a+gen,
And hardyed alle his men.
He touched his horne and for+t ride;
Many man hym went mide.
Her waye so ri+gth hij nome
+Tat +tai to +te cite come.
Her drawebrigge hij drowen whate,
And shetten fast her gate.
Alisaunder hem asailed fast,
And wi+t mangenels hem gan gast.
+Tai wi+tinne to +te walles stowe,
And defended hem wi+t bowe,
Wi+t arblastes, and wi+t stones - 
Hij slow+gen men and breken bones.
Wi+t hote water and o+tere engyne
Hij defended hem wi+tinne.
Ac Alisaundre quyk hete his hynen
Vnder her walles forto mynen,
Wi+t stronge gynnes and de+t werres
+Terewhiles +te myners.
Ac by streng+te ne by gynne
Ne may he +tem +tat day wynne,
Ne +tat o+tere, ne +tat +trid,
Ne +te fier+te he ne sped.
Ac +too Alisaunder sei+g +tis,
He forstopped her wayes, jwys,
<P I,71>
+Tat +tere ne mi+gth [{nou+gth{] to her fode
Entren jn, for none gode,
Ne kni+gth, ne sweyn, ne her stren
None wayes ne mi+gtten flen.
+Te folk and +te pouerayle
Weren enfamyned, saunfaile, 
And on +te richer alday gradden.
+Te riche of hem reu+te hadden,
And seiden hij hadden sikerlich
Leuer to steruen orpedlich
+Tan to +tolen suiche woo and sorou+gen,
And token conseil on +te morowen
Chaumpe bataile to wenden to.
Riche and pouer alle wolden so. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P I,211>
   Alisaunder tofore is ride,
And many a gentil kni+gth hym myde,
Ac forto gadre his meigne free
He abide+t vnder a tree.
Fourty +tousande of chyualerie
He take+t in his compaignye.
He dasshe+t hym +tan fast for+t-ward,
And +te o+ter comen afterward.
He see+t his kni+gttes in meschief - 
<P I,213>
He take+t it gretlich a-greef.
He takes Bulcyphal by +te side;
So a swalewe he gynne+t for+t glide.
A duk of Perce sone he mett,
And wi+t his launce he hym grett.
He perce+t his breny, cleue+t his sheld;
+Te herte tokerue+t +te yrne cheld.
+Te duk fel doune to +te grounde,
And starf quykly in +tat stounde.
Alisaunder a-loude +tan seiede:
'O+tere tol neuere Ich ne paiede!
+Gut +gee shullen of myne paie, 
Or Ich gon more assaie.'
Ano+ter launce in honde he hent - 
A+gein +te prince of Tyre he went.
He smoot hym +torou+g +te breest +tare,
And out of sadel ouere croupe hym bare,
And J sigge, for so+te +ting,
He braak his nek in +te fallyng.
Oxeatre, wi+t mychel wonder,
Antiochun hadde hym vnder,
And wi+t swerd wolde his heued
From his body habbe yreued.
He sei+g Alisaunder, +te gode gome,
Towardes hym swi+te come - 
He lete his pray and flei+g on hors,
Forto saue his owen cors.
Antiochus on stede lep.
Of none woundes ne took he kep,
And ek he had foure ford,
Alle ymade wi+t speres ord.
Tholomeus and alle hise felawen
Of +tis socour so weren wel fawen.
Alisaunder made a cry hardy:
(\'Ore tost, a ly! a ly!'\)
+Tere +te kni+gttes of Achaye
Justed wi+t hem of Arabye,
+Too of Rome wi+t hem of Mede - 
<P I,215>
Many londe wi+t o+tere +tede.
Egipte justed wi+t hem of Tyre,
Symple kni+gth wi+t riche syre.
+Tere nas fore+gift ne forberyng
Bituene vauasoure ne kyng.
Tofore men mi+gtten and byhynde
Cuntek seke and cuntek fynde.
Wi+t Perciens fou+gtten +te Gregeys.
+Tere roos cry and grete honteys!
Hij kedden +tat hij neren nice - 
Hij braken speres al to slice.
+Tere mi+gth kni+gth fynde his pere,
+Tere les many his destrere.
+Tere was quyk in litel +trawe
Many gentil kni+gth yslawe,
Many arme, many heued
Sone from +te body reued.
Many gentil lauedy
+Tere lese quyk her amy.
+Tere was many maym yked,
Many fair pensel bibled.
+Tere was swerdes liklakyng,
+Tere was speres ba+ting.
Bo+te kynges +tere, saunz doute,
Bee+t in dassht wi+t al her route,
+Te on to don men of hym speke,
+Te o+tere his harmes forto wreke.
Many londes, nei+g and ferre,
Lesen her lorde in +tat werre.
+Te er+te quaked of her rydyng;
+Te weder +ticked of her crieyng.
+Te blood of hem +tat weren yslawe
Ran by flodes to +te lowe,
And J +gou sigge, sikerlich,
Darrie fau+gt wel dou+gttilich,
And dude swi+te mychel woo.
To on syde he drou+ge hym +too - 
<P I,217>
He blew an horne quyk, saunz doute.
His folk hym com swi+te aboute,
And hem he seide, wi+t voice clere:
'Jch bidde, frendes, +tat +ge me here!
Alisaunder is comen in +tis londe,
Wi+t stronge kni+gttes, wi+t mi+gtty honde.
+Gif he passe+t wi+t honoure,
Oure is al +te dishonoure.
Jch am of Perce deshereted,
Of Mede and Assire acquyted;
Ac +gif +tere is amonges vs
Any kni+gth so vertuous 
+Tat Alisaunder mowe slen,
We shullen parten vs bitwen
Alle myne londes euen atwo.
And +gut he shal haue +terto
Cristallyne, my dou+gtter floure,
And +torou+g and +torou+g half my tresoure.'
Non ne had flesshe so hardy
+Tat it hym durst ensury.
Hij +tou+gtten +tere-on, na+telas,
+Gif he mi+gth come on cas
Whare hij hym mi+gth so hound abaye,
Oi+ter agilen oi+ter atraye.
Lorde Crist, what +tis wordeles i+gth
Js leef to duk and to kni+gth!
+Tere nys non so slowe wi+gth jnne,
And he wene mychel wynne,
+Tat he ne wolde for grete tresure
Done hym-self in auenture.
Amonge hem of Perce was a kni+gth,
Hardy, stalwor+te, queynt, and wi+gth.
A kni+gth of Grece sone he slou+g,
And his armes sone of-drou+g,
And quyk armed hym +tere-inne,
<P I,219>
And nei+ged Alisaunder bi gynne.
Alisaunder nou+gth of hym shroof,
Ac Perciens tofore hym droof.
Somme he kytt of +te arme,
Somme +te heued, and dude hem harme.
He bad his folk fi+gtten hard,
Wi+t spere, mace, and wi+t swerd,
And he wolde after fi+gth
Roume londes to hem di+gth.
+Tis forseide kni+gth ri+gth hym by,
Als it were his amy.
Whan he Alisaunder besy see+t - 
To Perciens sanchip de+t - 
He took a launce, so J fynde,
And ri+gth on Alisaunder byhynde.
He smyte+t hym hard on +te hauberk,
+Tat was ymade of stronge werk.
He helde fast - +te spere to-brast.
+Te kyng was sumdel agast;
He sat fast and loked a+gan,
And sey on armed as it were his man.
'Fitz a puteyne!' he seide, 'lecchoure!
+Tou shalt sterue so a tretoure!'
'Certes,' quo+t +te aliene kni+gth,
'J am no traitour - at al my mi+gth
J dude and engyned +tee to slen,
And ded +tou haddest forso+te yben,
Ac auenture for +te fi+gth:
+Tis victorie is +tee ydi+gth.
Of Perce Ich am, fer of by est - 
+Tis hardynesse J dude for a byhest,
+Tat Darrie bihete to whom +tat mi+gth
+Tee, kyng, slen in +tis fi+gth,
He shulde haue half his kyng-riche,
And his dou+gtter, sikerliche.
<P I,221>
+Tis was, kyng, al my chaysoun;
Ne mi+gttou fynde her-jnne traysoun,
Ac +tat Ich me pylt in dedly cas,
Forto habbe +tat faire byhas.'
+Te kyng by +te chyn hym shook,
And his sergeauntz hym [{h{]e tok,
And bad hym loken in presoun.
Nolde he hym slen bot by raysoun.
He was ydo in gode warde,
And bounden fast in bondes harde.
+Te kyng broche+t for+t Bulcyphal,
And mette of Perce on admiral.
He smyt hym +torou+g body and shelde
And cast hym ded in +te felde.
+Tere mi+gth man in herte rewe
Hou noble kni+gttes ouer-+trewe!
Horses totraden alle +te boukes
Of noble barouns and of dukes.
Mede, and felde, hylle, and lawe
+Tick weren ystrewed of kni+gttes yslawe.
Non ne see mi+gth hem bitwen 
Who +tat shulde maister ben.
On bo+te half wi+t swerd and spere
Was ydon wel grete lere.
   Many is +tat day faire kni+gttes slau+gtt,
Hors +torou+g-corue, hauberk +torou+g-rau+gt,
Many fair ei+ge wi+t de+t yblent,
And many soule to helle ywent.
+Te day faile[{+t{] , +te ni+gth is ycome - 
Wery be+t +te gentyl gome.
On bo+te half +te mayne gentes
Wen[{n{]ten hom to her tentes,
And token rest al forto amorowe,
Makande wel grete sorowe
For her lordes, for her ken,
<P I,223>
+Tat layen yslawe in +te fen.
   Alisaunder arisen is,
And on his deys sitte+t, jwys.
His dukes and his barouns, saunz doute,
Stonde+t and sitte+t hym aboute.
He hete brynge for+t +tat felawe
+Tat hym wolde haue yslawe.
He is ybrou+gth, and +te kyng
Gynne+t hym +giue swiche acusyng:
'+Tou' he seide, 'als a traitoure
+Gister-day com in oure atoure,
Y-armed wel as on of myne,
Me bihynde at my chyne,
And smoot me wi+t +ti spere.
Ne had myne hauberk ben +te strongere,
+Tou haddest me vilely yslawe!
+Tou shalt ben honged and to-drawe,
And forbrent al to nou+gth,
For +tou swiche traisoun +tou+gth!'
'Sir!' quo+t +te Percien kni+gth,
'+Gif +gee me don law+ge and ri+gth,
Ne wor+te Ich to-drawe ne anhonge,
For it were al wi+t wronge.
Darrie bihete to vche of his
To make pere to hym, jwis,
Who +tat mi+gth +te ywynne,
Oi+ter wi+t gyle oi+ter wi+t gynne.
Darrie was my ri+gth lorde - 
Jch fonded to don his worde,
His foo to quelle on vche manere,
And of traisoun me wil J skere.
+Gif any man wil o+tere proue,
Loo, here a+geins hym +te gloue!'
   Antiochus seide: '+Tou ne mi+gth +te skere,
For +tou hast demed +ti-self here,
+Too +tou for mede and bihotyng
Stale byhynden on oure kyng,
<P I,225>
Hym to slen so +teefliche!
Brende +tou shalt ben openliche!
+Tou shalt sterue on swiche de+t hard - 
+Te dome Ich +giue to award.'
   Tholomeus +te mareschal vp stood,
Wi+gth in bataile, in conseil good,
And seide: '+Te kyng may don his wille - 
Sauen +tat Percien, oi+ter hym spille;
Ac he ne ha+t no ri+gth chesoun,
For he ne dude no tresoun.
His dede ne was bot honest,
For he dude his lordes hest.
Euery man to slen his foo
Dyuers gynne so shal do.
For his lorde (nyme+t gode cure!)
He dude his lyf on auenture.
He nas nou+gth sworne to my lorde,
Bot wi+t swerd and speres orde - 
Leeflich it is to euery foo
Hou so he may o+ter sloo.
+Gee mowen to wille brenne and honge,
Ac Ich sigge it were wi+t wronge!'
   Up stood Sir Mark of Rome,
And entremeted of +tis dome:
'Certes', he seide, '[{he dude{] wou+g,
+Tat he a kny[{+g{]t of Grece slou+g,
And despoiled hym of his armes,
By traisoun, and to oure harmes,
And joyned hym vs among,
Als on of vs - al +tis was wrong - 
And so stale on oure kyng,
Hym to brynge to his endyng.
J jugge he shal anhonged be.
Barouns of court, what seie +gee?'
Eueryche seide: 'He shal be slawe,
Forbrent, anhonged, and todrawe!'
<P I,227>
Non ne spaak hym on word fore,
Bot +tat he shulde be forlore.
+Too Alisaunder sei+g al +tis,
Yhere+t what he dude, jwis!
Jt is ywrite +tat euery +ting
Hym-self shewe+t in +te tastyng.
So it is of lewed and clerk - 
Hym-self shewe+t in his werk.
+Te kyng see+t +tat no kni+gth hende
Nylle more +tat Percien defende,
And sei+t: 'Kni+gth, he were wood
+Tat wolde +tee don ou+gth bot good!
Trayson +tou ne dedest ne feyntise,
Ac hardy dede in grete queyntise.
For +tat dede, by myne hood,
Ne shaltou haue bot good!'
Richelich he doo+t hym shrede
Jn spannewe kni+gtten wede,
And sette hym vpon an hei+ge chaceoure,
And +gaf hym mychel of his tresoure,
And lete hym to Darrie wende hom - 
Ne +gaf he hym non o+ter dom.
   Mery it is in +te day graukynge,
Whan +te foules gynne+t synge,
And jolyf herte so gynne+t sprynge.
To sone it +tenche+t +te slow gadelynge!
Jn mychel loue is grete mournynge;
Jn mychel nede is grete +tankynge.
A ferly +tou+gth is wi+t +te kyng - 
Erly he rise+t, and make+t boost,
And hote+t quyk armen al +te ost.
Hij ben y-armed quyklich,
And alle hym siwe+t, sikerlich,
Ouer a water, in to a forest,
And alle don quyk her lordes hest - 
<P I,229>
Bow+ges of dyuers trees hij kytten,
And to her horses tales knytten.
To Darrie ward alle hij fare+t;
+Te bow+ges +te dust hei+ge arere+t.
Of +te draweyng of bow+ges and stykke
+Te eyre bicom trouble and +ticke,
+Tat to Darries folk it ferde,
Als on hem com +te myddelerde.
Quyklich hij telden it Darrie,
And baden hym he shude hym wardie,
For Alisaunder com wi+t his preye - 
His folk wrei+g al +te contreye.
Darrie hete alle his men
Remuen his tentes of +te fen,
And setten hem bisides Estrage
(A colde water and a sauage).
A castel he had vpon +te ryue - 
Nas non strenger in +tis lyue.
Quyk was al Darries ost
Yloged Estrages acost.
+Tere hij wolden fonden aspye
Al Alisaundres felonye.
Alisaunder +tis tellen herd,
And after wi+t his ost ferd,
And alle hem logeden an-ouen-on
+Tere Darrie had ben arst vpon.
Now is ywryen al +te countreie.
Bitwene hem is foure myle weye - 
Often +tere was bitwene ridynge,
Many awayt and bataillynge.
+Terwhiles of Alisaunder +te kyng
Lestne+t now a selcou+t +ting!
   Jn a morowen-tyde it was,
+Tat dropes hongen on +te gras,
And maidens loken in +te glas,
Forto atyffen her faas.
<P I,231>
Kyng Alisaunder is out yride - 
+Tre noble kni+gttes ben went hy[{m{] myde,
Pryuelich, in one myst
(His grete ost it ne wist).
He doo+t +too +tre in soo+t treu+te
Pli+gtten to hym her treu+te
+Tat hij ne shullen hym biwreye
Of +ting +tat he wil to hem seie.
Hij doo+t his wille - he gynne+t hem telle
+Tat he wil wende, swi+te snelle,
Forto see +te countenaunce
Of Darries court, saunz demurraunce.
No kni+gth ne roode +too wi+touten stede,
Ne wi+touten yrnen wede.
To +te water hij comen ri+gth - 
Of his stede +te kyng ali+gth,
And of-dude al his armure,
And dude on a robe wi+t pelure.
Vpon a palfray he leep,
And seide: 'Kni+gttes, +giue+t kep
To Bulciphal my destrere,
And abide+t me ri+gth here.
Jch wil come whan J maye.'
Quyk he doo+t hym in +te waye.
+Te +tre kni+gttes of whom J seide
(+Te on hi+gth Aymes of Archade,
+Te o+tere hi+gth Philotas,
And +te +trid hi+gth Perdicas - 
+Tere neren better kni+gttes +tree
Jn al +te kynges meignee)
+Tise Alisaunder so willen abide,
Wel y-armed, by +te water-syde.
   Now sytt Darrie on an hylle,
+Te folk of his ost for to telle.
Alisaunder come+t on hym skeet,
And sei+t +tat 'Kyng Alisaunder +tee gret!
<P I,233>
He is comen to parlement,
Forto +gelde +tee +ti rent.
Twies he ha+t +tee ouercome,
+Ti wijf and +tine childre ynome;
Fele +tou hast yslawe of his.
He sente +tee siggen +tus, jwis - 
Jt shal be wel dere abou+gth,
+Te tol +tat was in Grece sou+gth.
Grei+tes armes, +garkes sheldes!
He +gou abide+t in +te feldes.'
Darrie was wel sone anoyede
Of +tat Alisaunder had hym seid,
And seide: 'Of tale +tou art smart!
Alisaunder +ti-self +tou art.'
And Alisaunder seide: 'It is nou+gth so!
He is whitter, wi+touten no,
And his lockes bee+t nou+gth so crulle,
Ac he is waxen more to +te fulle.
Ac Ich am hoten Antigon,
+Tat many message haue hym ydon.'
Darrie seide: 'Messagere, ali+gtte!
And gowe eten onon-ri+gtte,
And after mete +tou shalt bere
To +ti lorde a+gein ansuere.'
Darrie to mete +gede onon,
Wi+t his barouns euerychon.
Alisaunder, wi+touten fable,
He sette+t at his owen table.
Hij weren yserued wi+t grete plente,
Wi+t fresshe and salt, of vche deynte,
And dronken wyne and ek pyement,
White and red, at her talent.
+Tere weren coupes riche ywrou+gth,
And Alisaunder hym bi+tou+gth
Hou he mi+gth do sum +ting
Of to speke wi+touten endyng.
+Te kyng to hym of a coupe drank,
<P I,235>
And he it afenge wi+t mychel +tank,
And drank after +tat wyne rede,
And putte +te coupe vnder his grede
(+Te coupe was of rede golde).
+Te boteler it ha+t al byholde,
And telle+t Darrie al +te so+t,
And he bicom ri+gth fyne wro+t,
And sei+t: 'Haue he don me +tat shonde,
Men shullen speke, of Grece londe,
Of +te vengeaunce +tat he shal +tole
And he haue my c[{o{]p ystole!'
+Te boteler take+t vp his grede,
And fynde+t +te coupe of golde rede.
Darrie to Alisaunder gan sigge:
'Eye! vile +teef, +tou shalt abygge!
J sette +tee at tabel myne,
For reuerence of lorde +tyne.
Myne coupe +tou haste ystole,
And vnder +tine grede yhole!
+Tou art ynome honde-habbynde - 
+Tou shalt quyk honge in +te wynde!'
Quo+t Alisaunder +te kyng, so hende:
'Of +teft Ich wil me defende,
A+geins kni+gt, a+geins baroun,
+Tat J was neuere no laroun.
J com ri+gth on my lordes message,
And wende +gee hadden al swiche vsage
As ha+t my lorde in court his,
For +ti richesse and for +ti prys,
+Tat +tou hast o+ter tofore.
Bot +tat honour +tou hast forlore;
For sende +tere kyng oi+ter kaysere
To my lorde a messagere, 
And he be wor+ti, saunz fable,
He shal sytte at his table,
And whan +te kyng hym krynke+t to,
<P I,237>
+Te coupe he shal at his wille vp do!
Jch wende +gee vseden also here
Of oure court +te manere - 
J me repent, si+ten +gee ne doo+t;
For qued ne dude Ich it nou+gth, for soo+t.'
   Darrie, +tou+g he were agramed, 
Of his ansuere he was ashamed.
Stille seten +gonge and elde
And fast bygonnen hym byhelde.
A kni+gth +tere was +tat hi+gth Parsage
+Tat Alisaunder knew in +te visage,
For he had ben in message
At Kyng Phelippe for trowage - 
He sei+t it Darrie vnder his hood.
Wel Alisaunder it vnderstood.
Jt ran in Alisaunders corage
+Tat qued of hym rouned Persage,
And +tat he to Darrie of hym spaak,
Ouer +te table he lep, gode rak - 
Quyk in his waye he hym di+gth,
And Darrye after, wi+t al his mi+gth.
A swerd Alisaunder had, cert,
+Tat was to hym fast girt;
Out he it braided in his honde.
Non wolde in his waye stonde.
He mete+t a kni+gth wi+t a speruere,
As God wolde, on a destrere.
He took hym swiftly in +te swire,
+Tat he leide his heued to hire.
He shoof hym quyklich adoune,
And lep hym-self in to +te arsoune.
He smoot +te stede and he for+t glyt,
And Alisaunder quyk away rytt - 
+Tat day ne shullen hij hym atake!
Darrie gynne+t after rake;
Prynce and duk, kni+gth, and sweyn,
Dasshen after wi+t grete meyn.
Euerychone hij don for nou+gth - 
<P I,239>
Alisaunder ha+t +tat water cau+gth.
Jt was brood and hi+gth Estrage - 
Depe stremes and swift o rage.
He smoot +te hors and it jn lep;
Jt was swift, brood, and dep.
Hors and kyng, wi+t alle his hater,
Weren a met-+gerd vnder +te water.
Alisaunder tofore ne see+t - 
Was sore adrad of his de+t.
Nar+teles his hors was good,
And keuered vp abouen +te flood,
And swam to +te o+ter syde,
+Tere his kni+gttes hym deden abyde.
Hij holpen hym vp and his stede,
And quyk chaungeden his wede,
And +gut he had +te coupe on honde
+Tat he on Darries table fonde.
To his ost he fare+t, gode skoure,
And telle+t hem his auenture.
+Te +gonge +tere-of hadden game;
+Te elde wise it nomen agrame,
And seiden wel +tat swiche cas
Of woodhede and foly was.
Darrie ha+t ylore his praye - 
For sorou+g nei+g he wil daye.
Was hym neuere er so woo,
For he ha+t ylore his foo.
A+gein wenden lesse and more,
And bymene+t his skape sore.
Ni+gth it is - hij take+t rest.
Amorowe arise+t newe gest. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P I,286>
   +Te sonne arise+t, +te day sprynge+t,
Dewes falle+t, +te foules synge+t.
+Te oost arist on erne-morowe
+Tat ha+t had a ni+gth of sorowe.
Nov it is ypassed hij ne don +tere-of,
Bot gamenen togedres and ek scoff.
+Te kyng for+t went to Ba[{u{]das,
Nou+gth fer +tenne to a Bocas.
He +tere was a litel while.
Nou listne+t of a queynt gyle.
   Porus +te kyng had wille wi+t +te mest
To wite of Alisaunders estre;
To wite his estre and his beyng 
Grete wille had Porus +te kyng,
So +tat +te tale and +te sklaunder
Com to Kyng Alisaunder,
And swore onon, so most he +tee,
He wolde wite who was he.
+Te kyng dude of his robe furred wi+t meneuere,
And doo+t on a borel of a squyer
And a li+gth tabard, als J fynde.
And trusse+t a male hym bihynde.
Vpon a mule he went for+t onon,
And gynne+t flynge gode scour hir vpon,
<P I,287>
Forto he com to Ba[{u{]das,
+Tere +te kyng Porus was,
Jn +te strete conseilynde
Wi+t his riche folk of Ynde.
Alisaunder come+t vpon his mule, 
Bishiten and bydagged foule,
His mules sides al blody,
And flynge+t gode s[{c{]o[{u{]r hem forby.
Kyng Porus by his man 
Dude hym swi+te clepe a+gan,
And asked hym whennes he was and whennes he com,
And he swore, bi Goddes dom,
+Tat he was of Grece a swayn
And +te kyng [{Phelipp{]es chaumberlayn,
Wexe to bygge in +t[{e{] cite,
Of whiche hij hadden scarsete.
'Saye,' quo+t Porus, 'what man is Alisaunder
+Tat of loos bere+t so gret sklaunder?'
And he ansuered, verrayment,
+Tat he was hendy, wi+gth, and gent,
And he was a litel man and an elde,
And had on at +te mete for +te chelde
Twoo +tik mantels, yfurred wi+t grys.
'Certes!' quo+t Porus, 'Ich am vnwys!
Ne habbe Ich ytake cite and toune
To his wille in baundoune?
Often ar +tis me agroos,
For man leide on hym swiche loos.
Ac now ne shal J bli+te be
Forto Ich hym mowe mete and see
Wi+t suerd and shelde in batayle,
To proue his wi+gtnesse, saunz faile.'
To hym +tat rood he seide +too:
'Jch me awonder, by seint Bardo,
<P I,288>
Si+t+te +tat Alisaunder is so elde,
Hou he dar and is so belde,
And hou he may and is so hardy
O+ter kynges to done foly - 
Nou+gth on, ne two, ne +tre, ac alle,
Nyme+t par force and make+t hem +tralle.'
+Te folk seide +tat abouten stood
He ne had neuer so hardy blood
+Tat he durst +te kyng ysee.
'+Gis,' quo+t he +tat rode, 'so mote J +tee,
He dar wi+t +tee speke and ek yseen!'
Quo+t +te kyng Porus: ' (\Jeo crey [{ceo{] ben!\)
Jch wil +tee +giue of golde a mark,
<P I,289>
And a stede stronge and stark,
By so +tou wil wi+touten ansuere
To +goure kyng a lettre bere.'
And he hym graunted, God it wyte.
+Te lettre was onon ywrite - 
Kyng Alisaunder it vnderfynge,
And golde and siluer to medyng.
He smoot his mule wi+t sporen whate;
Bot whan he com to +te gate
To +te porter he +gaf +te golde,
And lete +te mule gon where he wolde.
On +te destrer onon he slang - 
Als arewe of bowe for+t he sprang.
To his folk he com ful swi+te,
And of his comyng hij weren bli+te.
He li+gtte and tolde his auenture - 
Hij low+gen and maden enuesure.
Alisaunder +te wryt bihelde,
And sau+g +tere-inne +tretyng belde
And defyeaunce +te +trid day - 
+Tat was his gamen and his play.
+Te +tridd day wel sone cam.
Kyng Alisaunder his armes nam,
And armed hym ful wel
And al his folk in jrne and steel.
So dude kyng Porus, saunz faile,
And comen hem to chaumpe bataile.
+Tere was displayed many gounfanoun
Of riche sendel and cyclatoun.
+Tere was many riche stede,
And many kni+gth wel ful of pride.
+Tere was many faire justynge,
Assailynge and defendynge,
Ac na+teles kyng Alisaunder wi+t his man
Of Porus kyng +te maistrie wan.
Kyng Porus +galde his swerd to his honde,
And to his wille al his londe.
<P I,290>
Kyng Alisaunder was h[{ym{] curteys,
And graunted hym his loue and pays.
Now ben +te kynges men euerychon
And ek Porus al at on,
Ac Porus and al his folk, parde,
Ben of Kyng Alisaundres meignee.
Now went Porus, so J fynde,
Wi+t Kyng Alisaunder ouere al Ynde,
To shewe hym +te merueilynges
Of men, of bestes, of o+ter +tinges,
And helpen wynne vnder his honde
Alle +te naciouns of +te londe.
Of Baudas wenden +tise kynges of prijs.
Wi+touten noumbre her poeple is;
Neuer, in al +tis myddelerde,
Nas so myche folk in on ferde.
Hij passeden dales, hij passede pleynes,
Wildernesse and mounteynes.
Hij comen to +te on werldes ende,
And +tere hij founden +ting of mynde:
Of pure golde two grete ymages
Jn +te cee stonden on brasen stages.
After Ercules hij weren ymad,
And after his fader, of golde sad.
Ercules was whilom a man
+Tat non ne mi+gth stonde a+gein.
+Tider he wan +te middelerde,
By maistres, be werres he conquerde.
He sette +tere ymages of moundes
+Tat men clepe+t Ercules boundes.
+Te kyng and his folk, saunz faile,
+Tere-of hadden grete merueile.
Kyng Alisaunder asked onon
+Gif hij mi+gtten for+ter gon.
A cherle hym ansuered a+geinward
<P I,293>
(To his nauel henge his berd;
He was also blak as pycche,
And had a face wel griseliche):
'Sir,' he seide, 'south hiderward
Js +te ende of myddelerd.
A west half, +gee mowen ysee,
+Te waye li+te in to +te Rede Cee.
A north half ne mowen +gee nou+gth ypasse
For deserte and wildernesse;
For tygres, beres, and lyouns,
Addres, [{c{]u[{l{]ures, and dragouns,
Wolden +tis folk, mychel and lyte,
Envenymen and abite.
Ac hiderward, sir, in to +te est
+Te waye is sikerest and best.
+Tiderward is Est Ynde - 
Foure and fyfty kynges +tou mi+gth fynde,
+Tat noi+ter of +tee ne of Pore
Ne helden tale, lesse ne more,
Wi+touten ydles +tat +tere ben jnne,
+Tat qued and stronge ben to wynne,
Noi+ter for Ercules ne for Liber,
Ne dursten neuere comen +ter.
Two somers and two wyntres in on +gare
Verreyement hij habben +tare.
Ypereus hatte her hauene.
Alle gorg[{ei{]en as a rauene;
Grete men and blake hij ben.
+Gif +tou desirest merueiles to sen,
+Tere +gee mowen merueile yfynde
More +tan ower elles in Ynde.
+Te wynde +gou may +tider blawen
Jn lesse +tan in twenty dawen.
An emperoure yhote Lybertyne,
A stronge kni+gth [{and{] hardy [{a-{]fyne,
<P I,295>
+Tider passed and al +tis fonde.
Al it is soo+t, Ich vnderstonde.'
Kyng Alisaunder onon heet
Grei+ten his shippe swi+te and skeet.
Dromuns, botes, and barge
Wi+t man and beest he dude charge,
And seileden wel swyftely est.
Al +te cee ferd as a forest.
+Te fourten+te day hij comen to Yperoun;
+Tere hij founden a fair cite-toun,
+Tere hij founden folk of streng+te,
+Te londe is seuen +tousande mylen of leng+te,
And foure +tousande mylen of brede.
+Te kyng of +te londe dude by rede,
And made wi+t kyng Alisaunder peys,
And +gaf hym +giftes of nobleys.
Verrayment, +tere ne growe+t no whete,
Ne o+ter corne bot spyces swete.
+Tere-of hij maken her breed,
And drynken wyne, white and red
Eueryche man and eke womman
Of +te londe of Taproban
Of an hundre+t wyntres ful-libbe+t +te dawe,
Bot hij ben of fomen yslawe.
Hij ben yclo+ted, in alle wones,
Jn golde and siluer and precious stones.
Jt is boystous folk, na+telas,
Michel folk and griselich of faas.
+Te kyng had wi+t hem many fest,
Swithe riche and ek honest.
For+ter +tan in to +te est
Nas no wonyng bot wilde best,
Addres wi+t foure hedes, and dragouns,
Gripes, tygres, and lyouns,
And a  maner folk +tere is yfounde
+Tat men clepe+t cee-hounde.
<P I,297>
+Te addres shite+t preciouse stones - 
Listne+t now for +te nones!
Jn shynyng of +te sonne, whan Marche blawe+t,
+Te addres vpward hem +trawe+t,
And tocleue+t wombelyng
A+geynes +te sonne shynyng,
And conceyue+t of +te sonne, veire,
By nature of +te wynde and eire.
And +gif of fele hiwe is +te eyre,
So shullen +te stones ben in veyre.
Swich is +tis addres kyndlyng - 
Preciouse stones, wi+touten lesyng,
Jacynkte, piropes, crisolites,
Safyres, smaragdes, and margarites.
Bi+gonde +te dragouns, gripes, and beste,
Paradys terrene is ri+gth in +te est,
Where God almi+gtty, +torou+g his grace,
Fourmed Adam, oure fader +tat was.
   +Te kyng +tennes went for+t
A+gein in to Ynde in +te nor+t,
+Tat is ycleped, als J fynde,
Jn +te book +te vpper Ynde.
+Too he com wi+t his compaignye,
Al +te londe he fonde ywrye
Wi+t armed men, riche and pouer,
Kynges, dukes, on and o+ter,
+Tat hym and hise wi+t swerd gretten
And wi+t sharpe launces metten,
And of +gonge kni+gttes slou+gen +te floure.
+Te kyng +terfore was in doloure.
Hij maden her armes envenymed - 
He +tat was taken of de+t was lymed.
Alisaunder wexe wroo+t and gan hym bistere,
And eke alle hise gode fi+gtteres
+Tise folk to-hewe and slou+ge
Mo +tousandes +tan ynowe,
And ouercomen hem at +te last.
<P I,299>
+Te remenaunt +tan flei+g on hast
Bisiden in to a riche cite
+Te kyng hem bishette wi+touten pite,
And in on ni+gth, by on metyng,
+Gaf al his folk botyng.
Onon after +tat cite he feld
And al +tat folk anon queld.
Childe in credel, man ne wijf,
Ne lete he neuere on a-lijf.
   For+t went +te kyng wondres sekynde.
A griselich best he gonne fynde - 
So mychel sei+g he neuere ne non swiche.
Two heuedes it had wel ferlich;
To a cokedrille +tat on was liche,
+Tat o+tere +te mone selcou+t liche.
His rigge was bristled as wi+t sharp si+ten;
Tee+t he had so wre+ten wri+ten.
Ei+gen he had so brennyng bronde,
And two kni+gttes of Grece londe
At +te first assau+gt it slou+g.
+Te kyng ne non of his ne lou+g,
Ac hij it smyten, myche and lyte,
And non arme nolde byte
Jn +tat beeste, so mote J lyuen,
And hij it away tofor hem dryuen.
For+t went +te kyng +tennes wi+t hij.
Of +te forme warde he herd grete cry,
For hij weren assailed of olifauntz.
+Te kyng hi+ged and his sergeaunz,
Ac, so J fynde on +te book,
By Porus conseil hogges hij took,
And beten hem so +tat hij shri+gtte.
+Te olyfauntz away hem di+gtte,
For hij ne haue so mychel drade
Of no+ting as of hogges grade.
<P I,301>
Nyne hundre+t and ei+gtte hij slow+ge,
And quyk +tai lokeden +terof ynowe
To seruen hem in batailles,
And to beren her vitailles.
+Te sonne lowe+t and west helt;
+Te kynges pauylouns +tere men telt,
And token hem +tere herberewe,
Forto +te sonne ryse amorowe.
God make alle sory bli+te!
Who-so wil lystne and li+te,
+Te most wonder +ge mowen vnderstonde
+Tat ben yfounden in Ynde londe.
   In tyme of heruest mery it is ynou+g - 
Peres and apples honge+t on bou+g,
+Te hayward blowe+t mery his horne,
Jn eueryche felde ripe is corne,
+Te grapes hongen on +te vyne.
Swete is trewe loue and fyne!
Kyng Alisaunder a-morowe arist - 
+Te sonne dryue+t away +te myst.
For+t he went ferre in to Ynde,
Moo merueiles forto fynde.
Hij founden many lake and pett,
Wi+t trowes and +tornes byshett,
Wi+tinne greue and mychel weed,
Water-kressen and hei+ge reed.
+Tere hij sei+gen men, Ich wil avowe,
And wymmen as beres rowe.
Bristled hij weren as hogges
And stynken as water-dogges.
Jn +te water hij swymme and +gede - 
Ypotami hem leued myde.
Alle hij lyueden by raw fyssh.
[{S{]o hij sei+ge +tat folk, jwys,
Hij plumten doune as an doppe
Jn +te water at on scoppe.
<P I,303>
+Too hij plumten +te water vnder,
+Te folk had of hem grete wonder.
For+t went +te kyng and al his folk apert
Wondres to seen in +te desert,
And entreden toward +te west
Jn to a swi+te fair forest,
And founden appel-trowes and fygeres,
Peryes, cypres, and olyuers,
+Tat weren +tre hundre+t feet longe.
+Tere was mery foules songe.
+Te shadewe cast two mylen wayes - 
+Too weren trewes of nobleyes.
+Tere-biside, wi+touten lees,
Hij founden a water yhoten Ganges.
+Tere ben jnne eles stronge
+Tat be+t +tre hundre+t fet longe.
Hij habbe+t in hem hondes two,
Wi+t whiche hij don mychel woo.
Olyfauntz and kni+gttes jn hij drowen
And in +te water sone slowen.
+Tere hij sei+gen a selcou+t folk,
Alday pouren in +te walken,
And alday [{o{]n on fote stondynde,
And neuere wery, so J fynde.
So hij ben delited in +tat art
+Tat wery ne ben hij neuere, cert.
+Te kyng and hise wenten for+t,
Jn to +te est, in to +te north,
Als fer as hij for water mi+gth,
Ac of wondres nadden hij more si+gth
+Tat any tale be of to telle,
Bot of bestes and wormes felle,
And of +te wederes stronge and tempestes,
+Tat hem duden grete molestes.
+Te kyng lete +te waye of +te est
And by a ryuer tourned west.
He was war of a cite walle,
<P I,305>
Swi+te fair and stronge wi+t alle.
+Tider hij drowen, lesse and more,
Hem of vitaile to astore.
Ac +te men of +tat cite
Weren ful of iniquite,
And ronnen to her gates fast
And hem shetten wel on hast.
Alisaundre and his meygnee
Comen and badden hem entree,
Ac non ne w[{o{]lde ansuere a word,
Nei+ter to man ne to lorde.
+Te kyng of his stede ali+gth,
And stee+g on +te wal anon-ri+gth 
And loked ouer what hij dede.
Hij weren redy in +tat stede,
Als J fynde on +te boke,
And pli+gtten hym jn wi+t yrnen hoke,
And laiden hym on wi+t swerd and batt - 
+Te kyng was nei+g al to-flatt
Er he wist where he was.
+Te kyng rek[{eue{]red, na+telas.
Vnder shelde he gan hym were,
And wel swiftely hym bistere - 
Smoot and leide on wi+t mayn,
And slou+g a-rawe two duzeyn,
And, maugre +te tee+t of hem alle,
Sette his rigge to +te walle.
+Tat folk grete assau+gt hym +gaue - 
Wi+t swerdes, axes, stones, and staue,
Woundeden, felden and sore hym hirten.
His woundes bledden, his dyntes smerten,
+Tat he grented als a bore,
And deled many a dynt sore.
Of summe he karf heued of, of summe arme!
Of summe foot and legge - it nas non harme!
<P I,307>
He slow+g an hundre+t in a rawe,
+Tat at his feet laien yslawe.
+Te prince of +te cite sei+g +tis,
And com flynge onon, jwis,
Wi+t a launce on his hors
And smoot Alisaunder +torou+g +te cors,
And braided hym doune on knee to grounde.
+Te kyng swo+gened for +tat wounde,
And hastilich hym-self awei+gtte
And +te launce out plei+gtte,
And lepe on fote, wi+t swerd of steel
And gan hym were swi+te wel,
Ac vnne+te on his feet he stood - 
He had bled so mychel blood - 
And +te folk hym leide on ay +te lenge +te more,
By-hynde and biside, and also bifore.
Jn +te ost wi+toute a noble duk was
+Tat was yhote sir Perdicas.
+Tis on +te wal stei+g on hei+g,
And al his lordes tourment sei+g.
Anon he lepe doun of +te walle
Amonge +te kynges fomen alle,
And wi+t his swerd sharp ygrounde
He +gaf many a dedly wounde.
Sexty swi+te and +terto fyue
He byname +te dayes of lyue;
Ac, forso+te, ne had he so ycome,
+Te kyng had ben sleyn oi+ter ynome.
Wharfore kyng Alisaunder ouer +tan
Loued sir Perdicas ouere alle his man,
And made hym his heire se+te
Ouere al Grece in his de+te.
<P I,309>
+Te kyng is bicomen fiers and li+gth
And wi+gtly a+geins his fomen gan fi+gth,
And Perdicas feyned nou+gth,
For als a wode lyoun he fau+gth.
+Te kynges oost +tat wi+touten was
Hadden aspyed al +tis cas,
And brou+gtten gynnes to +te walle - 
Houen, shouen, and drowen alle,
And, maugre Picard and Bretoun,
Breken +tere +te wal adoun,
And in flunge in litel stounde,
And leiden al +tat folk to grounde.
Ac Alisaunder, his owen honde,
Biheueded +te prince of +te londe,
And si+ten, wi+touten any pyte,
Sette on fyre +tat cite,
And forbrent it, more and lesse,
And made +terof wildernesse.
+Tere-biside his pauylouns
Weren ytelde, by dales and dovnes.
+Te kyng +tere soiourned to he was hoole.
Tohardy man wel ofte is fole!
So had +te kyng yben nei+g,
Ac God h[{y{]m sent help from hei+g.
   +To +te kyng was hool and wel ydou+gth,
Mo wondres he ha+t ysou+gth.
Euerych ydle, euerych contrey,
He ha[{+t{] ysou+gth, par ma fey.
An ydle he passe+t yhote Pra[{s{]iens,
And Gangerides and Gangiens,
An ydle yhote Cormorans,
And a stronge ydle yhote Bramans.
Mychel he hym pyned er al +tis londe
He haue+t ywonne vnder his honde.
Jch wil +gou telle what men ben in Bramande,
+Gif +gee willen vnderstande.
<P I,310>
Hij ben men, wi+touten doutaunce,
Of hard lijf and stronge penaunce.
Hij ne eten bot gresses rote
And fruyt of trees and herbes swote.
+Tynnelich hij be[{+t{] yhatered,
And drynken of +te broune water.
Hij ne eten of oxe ne of swyne;
Hij ne drynken of ale ne of wyne.
Ne hij ne han boures ne halles,
Ne casteles wi+t hei+ge walles,
Bot in trowes and in denne
And in roches holed wi+tinne - 
+Tere-inne is her wony+ging.
Hij ne ete+t non o+tere +ting
+Tan +te er+te +geue[{+t{] wi+touten tellyng.
Jn penaunce, sikerlyk, 
Hij don hem brenne also quyk, 
For her mysdede and for her synne,
+Te ioye of Paradys to wynne. 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P I,399>
   Good it were to ben kni+gth,
Nere tourneyment and dedly fi+gth.
Wi+t marchaundes to ben it were hende,
Neren +tacountes at bordes ende.
Swete is loue of damoysele,
Ac it aske+t costes fele.
Better is litel to habbe in ayse
+Tan mychel agh+gtte in malayse.
Who-so is of dedes vntrewe,
Ofte it shal hym sore rewe.
   Alisaunder is comen a-feld,
Wel y-armed vnder sheld,
On a stede wel ydi+gth,
And sitte+t as a noble kni+gth.
He ride+t his spere braundynde;
+Te pensel ratele+t wi+t +te wynde.
Porus also come+t flynge,
Ygrai+ted als a riche kynge,
Y-armed wel on kni+gttes wise.
Nis it no nede her armes deuyse,
Ac her ai+ter lete go +te reyne,
And dasshen togedre wi+t grete meyne.
+Te speres to-brosten a+geins +te sheldes.
Hij dasshen ouer in +te feldes - 
Hij turnen a+gein quyklich.
Wi+t drawen swerdes, sikerlich,
Ai+ter o+tere lege+t on,
<P I,401>
Als +te mason on +te ston,
Ac als hij skirmeden to +te cors
Her ai+ter slou+g o+teres hors.
+Too hij mosten on fote beye
Disreynen her medleye.
Gayne+t it nou+gth of rest preche - 
Her ai+ter gynne+t o+ter seche,
Wi+t assailyng, wi+t smytynge,
And kepen hem wi+t wrieynge.
Wel hij fi+gtten on +te pleyn,
Wi+t tresget, wi+t reremeyn,
Wi+t ouerheued and wi+t stook.
Ai+ter on o+tere +te swerd so shook,
Nyste noman hem bitwene
+Gut who shulde maister bene,
For her armes, riche of mounde,
Weren +gut hole and sounde.
Ac eft now, after restynge,
Hij bigynnen togedres dynge,
To-keruen her armes and her shelde - 
+Te peces wounden in +te felde.
Ne sei+g man neuere kni+gttes two
So manlich togedres goo!
Her ai+ter fast gynne+t aspye
To don o+ter vilanye
Oi+ter wi+t stoke oi+ter wi+t dynte - 
+Tat is al hir entente.
Whiles hij weren in swiche mangle,
+Te Yndyens bigonnen jangle.
Porus bigan a-bacche reme,
And name +tiderwardes +geme
And loked toward her cry,
Ac Alisaunder was sone hym by,
And smoot hym in +te discouerte
Wi+t a stooke al to +te herte,
Fast by +te chyne-bon;
Porus fel ded onon.
<P I,403>
Yndyens comen wi+t drawen swerd
To socouren her lord.
Alisaunder gan loude crye:
'Be non of +gou so hardye
A+geins couenaunt me to assaile,
Bot +gee willen newe bataile
And +goure ostages todrawe,
And +gou self to de+t yslawe.
For ben +gee sele, ben +gee wro+te,
Ynde and Perce ben myne bo+te.
+Gelde+t me homage alle,
Oi+tere +gou shal qued bifalle!'
Princes and dukes token her red,
+Too hij sei+gen Porus ded,
And token Alisaunder by +te honde
And +gelden hym +te coroun of Ynde londe.
Hij duden hym alle feute,
And sworen to hym also leute.
   Now is ded +te kyng Porus - 
Alisaunder is kyng glorious.
He +giue+t londes, he +giue+t rentes,
Stedes, tresores, warnementes,
Make+t justise and conestable,
And ouer al his law+ge stable,
And wende+t out of Faacen
To newe Alisaunder wi+t alle his men,
And doo+t ful-make +te stronge walles,
Castels, toures, boures, halles,
Make+t +te strete brode and riche,
+Tat non o+ter hir nys liche.
O[{n a{] day sone after +tan,
Com Candulek, a gentil-man - 
Candaces son, kyng of Brye - 
Wi+t wel faire chyualrye,
And wolde wi+t Alisaunder speke,
Forto ben +torou+g hym awreke
Of a prynce +tat by strijf
<P I,405>
Had bynomen hym hys wijf.
Ac Alisaunder had a wone,
+Tei+g to court com kyng oi+ter his sone,
Prynce, oi+ter duk, oi+ter gret caiser,
Kni+gth oi+ter sweyn, oi+ter messagere,
He ne shulde nou+gth +te kyng ysee
Bot it were by atturne.
Now is hym tolde +tat wi+t hym speke
Wolde +te kyng Canduleke.
Tholomew, +tat is nexte +te kyng,
So hym sei+t +tis tydyng,
And Alisaunder make+t a stille cry
+Tat non ne be so hardy
To ben aknowe to Candaces son
Who be +te kynges person,
Ac +tat hij shulden euerychon
Clepen +te kyng Antygon.
He dude on Tholomew, verrayment,
Quiclich his vestement.
And sette hym in +te kynges deys,
And he took Tholomeus herneys,
And made hym in hei+g mester
+Te kynges first conseiler.
Hij clepen and siggen Canduleke
He shulde wi+t +te kyng speke.
He come+t quyk on bo+te his knewes
And knele+t tofore Tholomewes,
Ac for he was a gentyl gome
He was sone vp ynome.
His pleynte he telle+t in +te manere
Als +gee mowen now yhere.
   'Alisaunder, riche caysere,
+Tou ne haste on er+te no pere!
Many is +te riche londe
+Tou hast ywonne to +tine honde.
On +tee hij ben wel bysett,
For +tou art ful of +tewes pett.
<P I,407>
+Tou batest wronge, +tou hauntest ri+gttes;
+Tou art fader of alle kni+gttes.
+Tou louest alle gentil-manne
And abatest alle tyranne.
+Tou art caiser of +tis londe - 
Jch me +gelde to +tine honde,
And amendyng J bidde +tee to
Of vnri+gth +tat is me do!'
'Telle on +ti wronge,' quo+t Tholomay,
'We shulle +te helpe +gif we may.'
'Sir, graunt mercy! +terwhiles J was fare
On pilgrimages to Jerusalem and Yndare,
+Te duk Hirtan, a tyraunt of Brye,
Com wi+t grete chyualrie,
Robbed my make Blasfame,
Also fair as was Dyane.
She is my quene, Ich hire chalenge.
Of +tis despyt helpe me avenge!'
'Hou fele kni+gttes, as +tou wenes,
Mi+gtten awreken +tine tenes?'
'Of foure +tousande Ich had ynowe
To awreken myne wowe.'
Tholomeus gynne+t grade onon:
'What seistou here-of, Antigon?'
Alisaunder seide: 'For +tat +tis gome
Js to vs from fer ycome
And to +goure frenderede trest,
J rede +gou +te conseil best,
+Tat +ge lene to his socoure
Swich folk +tat ben to +goure honoure,
And faile+t hym nou+gth at +tis nede.'
'Nay,' quo+t Tholomeu, 'so God me fede,
Wende wi+t hym,' he seide, 'Antigon,
And hym wreke on his fon,
For +tou art wi+gth, hardy, and stronge - 
Not Ich better vs amonge.
<P I,409>
J +tee biteche +te bayllye
My [{folk{] wi+t hym to conduye.'
Alisaunder hem fawe afonge+t.
Ne wolde he bileue longe - 
Ygrei+ted ben his foure +tousynde
Quyklich and on hors wende.
Wi+t Canduleke he wende+t swi+te.
His kni+gttes maden chere bli+te,
For her lorde in tapynage
Was ywent in +tat veiage.
So he ride+t dales and doune
+Tat he see+t +tat cite-toune
Where hym helde+t +te duk Hirtan,
+Tat ha+t Candulek[{e{] lemman.
Canduleke sei+t: 'Sir Antygon,
Hou shullen we now taken on?'
Bote quo+t Alisaunder, 'Here and +tere
Tofore vs sette al on fyre,
Forto hij comen to vs a-felde,
Oi+ter +tat lefdy to vs +gelde.'
Hij setten a-fyre, wi+touten pyte,
Al +te londe to +te cite,
And bysetten it aboute
+Tat hij ne mi+gtten jn ne oute.
+Te burgeys sei+g her wynes barne - 
Eueryche o+ter harme gan warne,
And seiden wel her was +te gylt
To ben forbarnd, to ben forswelt,
+Tat suffreden +te duk Hirtan
Haue in demayne o+tere womman.
Alle +te burgeis of +te toun
Duden by on red commune - 
To +te palays hij wenten alle
And quyk beten doune +te walle,
Jn cuntek and slou+gen Hirtan,
And +gulden to Candulek his womman.
<P I,411>
+Tus comen +tise burgeis,
And han of her werre peis.
After soiour of fourtene ni+gth,
To kynges court hij done hem ri+gth,
And fynden Tholomeu, als he was bede,
Sette in Alisaunders stede.
Candulek on knowe hym sett,
And +te kyng of he grett,
And +tanked hym of his socour,
+Torou+g whiche he had his honour
Yconquered and his quen.
He was vptaken of gentil-men,
And ysette on hei+ge benche,
And wyne and pyement gynne+t shenche,
And wyne clarre and wyne Greek,
And +too seide Tholomeu to Candulek:
'Sir', he seide, 'men tellen me
+Tou hast a moder fair and fre.
She is yhote dame Candace;
Fair and bri+gth is hir face - 
Nis in +tis werlde so fair quene.
Fayn Ich wolde hir ysene,
Her castels and ek her toures,
+Gif hij weren to myne honoures.'
Quo+t Candulek: 'Leue sire,
Also mychel she +gou desire+t - 
Jch +gou sigge, by Goddes ore,
She desire+t no+ting more
+Tan to ben to +gou aqueinte.
Ne habbe+t now none herte feinte - 
Now is tyme it to done.
Jch wil +gou brynge +tider sone.
Ne be it +gou for my bro+ter loo+t,
+Tei+g he be wi+t +gou wroo+t
For +gee duden Porus of lyue,
Whas dou+gtter he ha+t to wyue.
For on honde Ich wil hym take
+Tat he shal don +gou no wrake.'
<P I,413>
Tholomeus +gaf ansueryng
Jn +te name of +te kyng,
And seide: 'J nyl nou+gth comen hir ner,
Bot by a speciale messager
J wil hir sende loue-drurye,
And her estres ek aspye',
And cleped Alisaunder 'Antygon',
And bad hym wende wi+t hym onon,
And rouned wi+t hym a grete while.
Ac al +tat was for gyle!
After +tis queynt rounyng,
Alisaunder spedde in +tis doyng.
Quyk on hors went wi+t hym ek
+Too +tat he had myd Candulek.
Candulek was wel bli+te - 
Quyk he ladde hem and swi+te.
Whan hij in to Saba come,
To +te paleys waie hij nome.
+Te lefdy wandre+t in a plas,
And synge+t of Dido and Eneas,
Hou loue hem ladde by strange bride.
Come+t Candulek tofore ride,
And sei+t: 'Ma dame, bee+t redy,
And welcome+t here myne amy,
Kyng Alisaunder messagere,
Noble kni+gth of gent manere.
He ha+t +golden me my wyf,
And duk Hirtan brou+gth of lyf.
Kyng Alisaunder ne ha+t to gye
Non f[{o{]ller of chyualerye.'
Ar her tale were at +te ende
Kyng Alisaunder com hem hende.
Quyk hij ben of horses ali+gth - 
+Te lefdy come+t onon-ri+gth,
And clippe+t hym in armes tueye,
And he hir, wi+t grete joye.
She hym +tanke+t of Candulek,
<P I,415>
And of his gentil wyue ek,
And he hire brynge+t many gretyng
On Alisaunder halue +te kyng.
'Do way!' quo+t +te quene Candace,
'Jch vnderstonde by +ti face
+Tat +tou Alisaunder be.
Ne hele +t[{ou{] nou+gth, sir, for me!'
'Nay', he seide 'by Goddes ore!
Alisaunder is wel more,
Redder man on visage,
And sumdel more of age,
And +tou shalt certeyn ben,
Sumday whan +tou shalt hym sen!'
'Depart-dieux!' quo+t +te quene,
'Go we now myne estres sene.
Oure mete shal +terbituene 
Ygrei+ted and redy bene.'
She led hym to chaumbres of nob[{l{]eys - 
+Tere he dude of his herneys.
Of Troye was +tere-inne al +te story,
Hou Gregeis hadden +te victory.
+Te bemes +tere-inne weren of bras,
+Te wyndewes of riche glas.
+Te pynnes weren of yuory.
+Te kyng went wi+t +te lefdy,
Hym-self al one from boure to boure,
And sei+g wel mychel tresoure,
Gold, and siluer, and preciouse stones,
Baudekyns made for +te nones,
Mantles, robes, and pauylouns,
Of gold and siluer grete foysouns.
And she hym asked, par amour,
+Gif he sei+g euer swiche tresour; 
And he seide in his contreye
Tresour he wist of swiche nobleye.
She +tou+gth more +tan she seide,
<P I,417>
And ledde hym to ano+ter stede,
To hire owen chaumbre +tat was - 
Jn al +tis werlde fairer non nas.
+Te atyre was +tere-inne so riche
Jn al +tis werlde was non it liche.
She led hym to one stage,
And shewed hym an ymage, 
And seide: 'Alisaunder, yleue me!
+Tis ymage is made after +tee.
J dude it an ymageoure
Casten after +ti vigoure,
+Tis o+tere +ger +too +tou nolde
To me come for loue ne golde.
Jt is +tee als liche, my leue bro+ter,
Als any peny is ano+ter.
O, Alisaunder, of grete renoun!
+Tou art ytake in my prisoun!
Al +ti streng+te ne gayne+t +te nau+gth,
For a womman +tee ha+t ycau+gth.
A womman +tee ha+t in her laas!'
'O!' quo+t Alisaunder, 'Allas,
+Tat J nere y-armed wel,
And had my swerd of b[{r{]oun steel.
Many an heued wolde J claue
Ar J wolde in prisoun laue.
Ac noman ne may hym waite
From +tise wymmens dissaite.'
'Alisaunder', she seide, '+tou seis soo+t.
Ne be nou+gth adradde ne +terfore wroo+t - 
Myne tale +tou mi+gth yleue.
Adam was biswike +torou+g Eue,
And Sampson also, +te stronge,
Dalida hym dude wronge.
And Dauid was brou+gth in exyl
+Torou+g his wijf Abygayl.
<P I,419>
And Salomon, for wommans loue,
Forlete his lorde +tat is aboue.
And +tou art fallen in hondes myne,
+Tee to solas and to no pyne,
For here, vnder +tis couertoure,
Jch wil haue +tine amoure,
To my baundon, leue sire!
Longe it ha+t ben my desire.
Ne shaltou haue o+ter ska+te,
Bot me to baundon late and ra+te.'
+Too Alisaunder gan ysee
+Tat it most so nedes be,
He dude al +te lefdyes wille
Vnder couertoure stille.
Many ni+gth and many day
+Tus hij duden her play - 
Jn halle at table he sat hire by,
Jn chaumbre gest, in bed amy.
Antygon he hi+gth in halle,
And Alisaunder vnder palle.
   Longe hij han +tus ypleiede.
On a day it was yseide
To Candidus by on stodmere,
Candaces son +te +gongere,
+Tat had Porus dou+gtter to spouse,
A fair lady and delitouse,
+Tat Alisaunder sat at his boord,
+Tat had yslawe Porus his lord,
And dude hym clepen Antigon.
To +te quene he stirte onon,
And seide: 'Ma dame, +tou hast wrong
+Tou heldest here Alisaunder so long.
He ha+t yslaw+ge my lorde Pore - 
Myne honde ne skape+t he neuermore!'
'Pes!' quo+t Candace, '+tou congeoun!
Jt is Antigon, a gent baroun,
+Tat is ycome to message.
Ne bede +tou hym non outrage!
<P I,421>
+Gif +tou doost, by God aboue,
+Tou shalt for-lese myne loue!'
'Dame, whom so Ich euere serue,
Of myne honde he shal sterue.
Alisaunder hym-seluen it is,
And ha+t ychaunged name his.'
'Nartou so hardy' quo+t Candace
'More to seen Candulekes face.
And +tou dude hym ou+gth bot good,
He wolde sen +tine herte blood,
And Ich my-self, for +tat wronge,
Hei+ge wolde +tee don anhonge.
For messagere to me ysent
Ne shal here fynde encumbrement.'
Candidus wroo+t went away,
And com a+gein nou+gth many a day.
+To +te table was ydrawe
+Te wayte gan 'A choger!' blawe.
Alisaunder and Candace
To chaumber token her trace,
And, als we fynden on +te book,
+Tat ni+gth +te kyng his leue took,
And went to Ynde to his barouns,
By wodes, by dales, and by douns.
Leue he had wi+t mournyng,
And went for+t in a daweyng
By an hei+ge waie +tat he knew,
Forto he com to Tolomew. 
<P I,423>
He was welcomed many a si+te - 
Al his ost was wel bli+te
+Too hij hadden of hym si+gth. 



<B CMHAVELO>
<Q M2 NI ROM HAVEL>
<N HAVELOK>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V VERSE>
<T ROMANCE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HAVELOK.
ED. G. V. SMITHERS.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1987.
PP. 19.545  - 31.949      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 35.1118 - 41.1353     (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 46.1715 - 58.2120     (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 63.2291 - 78.2856     (SAMPLE 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 19>
   Hwan Grim him hauede faste bounden,
And si+ten in an eld cloth wnden, 
[\THE FOLLOWING LINE SUPPLIED FROM CAMBRIDGE FRAGMENTS\]
He +triste in his muth wel faste
A keuel of clutes ful unwraste,
+Tat he mouthe speke ne fnaste
Hwere he wolde him bere or lede.
Hwan he hauede don +tat dede,
Hwan +te swike him hauede he+tede
+Tat he shulde him forth [{lede{]
And him drinchen in +te se - 
+Tat forwarde makeden he -
Jn a poke ful and blac
Sone he caste him on his bac,
Ant bar him hom to hise cleue,
And bitaucte him dame Leue,
<P 20>
And seyde 'Wite +tou +tis knaue,
Al so thou [{wilt{] mi lif haue [{saue{] !
J shal dreinchen him in +te se:
For him shole we ben maked fre,
Gold hauen ynou and o+ter fe -
+Tat hauet mi louerd bihoten me.'

   Hwan dame [{Leue{] herde +tat,
Vp she stirte and nouth ne sat,
And caste +te knaue so harde adoun
+Tat he crakede +ter his croune
Ageyn a gret ston +ter it lay.
+To Hauelok micte sei 'Weilawei
+Tat euere was I kinges bern - 
+Tat him ne hauede grip or ern,
Leoun or wlf, wluine or bere,
Or o+ter best +tat wolde him dere!'
So lay +tat child to middel-nicth,
+Tat Grim bad Leue bringen lict
For to don on his clo+tes:
'Ne thenkeste nowt of mine o+tes
+Tat Ich haue mi louerd sworen?
Ne wile I nouth be forloren:
J shal beren him to +te se -
+Tou wost +tat [{bi{]houes me -
And I shal drenchen him +ter-inne.
Ris up swi+te an go +tu binne,
And blou +te fir and lith a kandel.'
Als she shulde hise clo+tes handel
On for to don, and blawe +te fir,
She saw +ter-inne a lith ful shir,
Al so brith so it were day,
Aboute +te knaue +ter he lay.
Of hise mouth it stod a stem
Als it were a sunne-bem;
Al so lith was it +ter-inne
So +ter brenden cerges inne.
<P 21>
'Jesu Crist!' wat dame Leue,
'Hwat is +tat lith in vre cleue?
[{Ris{] up, Grim, and loke wat it menes!
Hwat is +te lith, as +tou wenes?'
He stirten bo+te up to +te knaue 
(For man shal god wille haue),
Vnkeueleden him and swi+te unbounden,
And sone anon [{upon{] him funden,
Als he tirueden of his serk,
On hise rith shuldre a kynemerk -
A swi+te brith, a swi+te fair.
'Goddot!' quath Grim '+tis ure eir,
+Tat shal [{ben{] louerd of Denemark!
He shal ben king strong and stark -
He shal hauen in his hand
A[{l{] Denemark and Engeland.
He shal do Godard ful wo -
He shal him hangen or quik flo,
Or he shal him al quic graue.
Of him shal he no merci haue.'
+Tus seide Grim, and sore gret,
And sone fel him to +te fet,
And seide 'Louerd, haue merci
Of me and Leue, +tat is me bi!
Louerd, we aren bo+te +tine -
+Tine cherles, +tine hine.
Lowerd, we sholen +te wel fede
Til +tat +tu cone riden on stede,
Til +tat +tu cone ful wel bere
Helm on heued, sheld and spere.
He ne shal neuere wite, sikerlike
(Godard, +tat fule swike).
+Toru o+ter man, louerd, than +toru +te
Shal I neuere freman be.
+Tou shalt me, louerd, fre[{man{] maken,
For I shal yemen +te and waken -
+Toru +te wile I fredom haue.'
+To was Haueloc a bli+te knaue!
<P 22>
He sat him up and crauede bred,
And seide 'Ich am ney ded,
Hwat for hunger, wat for bondes,
+Tat +tu leidest on min hondes,
And for [{+te{] keuel at +te laste,
+Tat in my mouth was +trist faste.
Y was +te[{r{]-with so harde prangled
+Tat I was +te[{r{]-with ney strangled!'
'Wel is me +tat +tu mayth hete!
Goddoth,' quath Leue 'Y shal +te fete
Bred an chese, butere and milk,
Pastees and flaunes - al with suilk
Shole we sone +te wel fede,
Louerd, in +tis mikel nede.'
Soth it is +tat men seyt and suereth:
+Ter God wile helpen nouth ne dereth.

   +Tanne sho hauede brouth +te mete,
Haueloc anon bigan to ete
Grundlike, and was ful bli+te.
Cou+te he nouth his hunger mi+te -
A lof he het, Y woth, and more,
For him hungrede swi+te sore.
+Tre dayes +ter-biforn, I wene,
Et he no mete - +tat was wel sene!
Hwan he hauede eten and was fed,
Grim dede maken a ful fayr bed,
Vnclo+tede him, and dede him +ter-inne,
And seyde 'Slep, sone, with muchel winne!
Slep wel faste and dred +te nouth -
Fro sorwe to ioie art +tu brouth!'
Sone so it was lith of day,
Grim it undertok +te wey
To +te wicke traitour Godard
+Tat was [{of{] Denema[{r{]k stiward,
And seyde 'Louerd, don Ich haue
+Tat +tou me bede of +te knaue:
He is drenched in +te flod,
Abouten his hals an anker god -
<P 23>
He is witerlike ded.
Eteth he neueremore bred:
He li+t drenched in +te se. 
Yif me gold [{and{] o+ter fe,
+Tat Y mowe riche be,
And with +ti chartre make fre;
For +tu ful wel bihetet me
+Tanne I last spak with +te!'
Godard stod and lokede on him
+Toruthlike, with eyne grim,
And seyde 'Wiltu ben erl?
Go hom swi+te, fule drit-cherl!
Go he+ten, and be eueremore
+Tral and cherl als +tou er wore -
Shal[{tu{] haue non o+ter mede.
For litel I do +te lede
To +te galues, so God me rede!
For +tou haues don a wicke dede.
+Tou mait stonden her to longe,
Bute +tou swi+te e+ten gonge!'

   Grim +toucte to late +tat he ran
Fro +tat traytour, +ta[{t{] wicke man,
And +toucte 'Wat shal me to [{ra+te{] ?
Wite he him on liue he wile [{us{] b[{a{]+te 
Heye hangen on galwe-tre.
Betere us is of londe to fle
And berwen bo+ten ure liues,
And mine children and mine wiues.'
Grim solde sone al his corn,
Shep wit wolle, neth wit horn,
Hors and swin, [{geet{] wit berd,
+Te gees, +te hennes of +te yerd -
Al he solde +tat outh douthe,
+Tat he eure selle moucte,
And al he to +te peni drou.
Hise ship he grey+tede wel inow:
He dede it tere an ful wel pike
<P 24>
+Tat it ne doutede sond ne krike,
+Ter-inne dide a ful god mast,
Stronge kables and ful fast,
Ores gode an ful god seyl -
+Ter-inne wantede nouth a nayl
+Tat euere he sholde +ter-inne do.
Hwan he hauedet grey+ted so,
Hauelok +te yunge he dede +ter-inne,
Him and his wif, hise sones +trinne,
And hise two doutres +tat faire wore.
And sone dede he leyn in an ore,
And drou him to +te heye se
+Tere he mith al+terbest fle.
Fro londe woren he bote a mile,
Ne were neuere but ane hwile
+Tat it ne bigan a wind to rise
Out of +te north men calleth 'bise',
And drof hem intil Engelond,
+Tat al was si+ten in his hond,
His +tat Hauelok was +te name.
But or he hauede michel shame,
Michel sorwe and michel tene,
And +trie he gat it al bidene,
Als ye shulen nou forthwar[{d{] here,
Yf that ye wilen +ter-to here.

   In Humber Grim bigan to lende,
Jn Lindeseye rith at +te north ende.
+Ter sat is ship upon +te sond;
But Grim it drou up to +te lond,
And +tere he made a litel cote
To him and to hise flote.
Bigan he, +tere for to er+te,
A litel hus to maken of er+te,
So +tat he wel +tore were
Of here herboru herborwed +tere.
And for +tat Grim +tat place aute
+Te stede of Grim +te name laute,
So +tat Grimesbi it calle
+Tat +ter-offe speken alle;
<P 25>
And so shulen men callen it ay,
Bituene +tis and Domesday.

   Grim was fishere swi+te god
And mikel cou+te on +te flod -
Mani god fish +ter-inne he tok,
Bo+te with neth and with hok.
He tok +te sturgiun and +te qual,
And +te turbut and lax withal;
He tok +te sele and +te hwel -
He spedde ofte swi+te wel.
Keling he tok, and tumberel,
Hering and +te makerel,
+Te butte, +te schulle, +te +tornebake.
Gode paniers dede he make,
On til him, and o+ter +trinne
Til hise sones, to beren fishe inne,
Vp o londe to selle and fonge -
Forbar he ney+te[{r{] tun ne gronge
+Tat he ne to-yede with his ware.
Kam he neuere hom hand-bare,
+Tat he ne broucte bred and sowel
Jn his shirte or in his couel,
Jn his poke benes and korn - 
Hise swink ne hauede he nowt forlorn.
And hwan he tok +te grete laumprei,
Ful we[{l{] he cou+te +te rithe wei
To Lincolne, +te gode boru;
Ofte he yede it +toru and +toru,
Til he hauede wol wel sold
And +ter-fore +te penies told.
+Tanne he com +tenne he were bli+te,
For hom he brouthe fele si+te
Wastels, simenels with +te horn,
Hise pokes fulle of mele an korn,
Netes flesh, shepes and swines,
And hemp to maken of gode lines,
And stronge ropes to hise netes -
Jn +te se-weres he ofte setes.

<P 26>
   +Tus-gate Grim him fayre ledde:
Him and his genge wel he fedde
Wel twelf winter o+ter more.
Hauelok was war +tat Grim swank sore
For his mete, and he lay at hom -
+Thouthe 'Ich am nou no grom!
Jch am wel waxen, and wel may eten
More +tan euere Grim may geten.
Jch ete more, bi God on liue,
+Tan Grim an hise children fiue!
Jt ne may nouth ben +tus longe.
Goddot, Y wile with +te[{m{] gange
For to leren sum god to gete.
Swinken Ich wolde for mi mete -
Jt is no shame for to swinken!
+Te man +tat may wel eten and drinken
+Tat nouth ne haue but on swink long -
To liggen at hom it is ful strong.
God yelde him, +ter I ne may,
+Tat haueth me fed to +tis day!
Gladlike I wile +te paniers bere -
Jch woth ne shal it me nouth dere,
+Tey +ter be inne a bir+tene gret
Al so heui als a neth.
Shal Ich neuere lengere dwelle -
Tomorwen shal Ich forth pelle.'

   On +te morwen, hwan it was day,
He stirt up sone and nouth ne lay,
And cast a panier on his bac
With fish giueled als a stac.
Al so michel he bar him one,
So he foure, bi mine mone!
Wel he it bar and solde it wel;
+Te siluer he brouthe hom il del,
Al +tat he +ter-fore tok -
With-held he nouth a fer+tinges nok.
So yede he forth ilke day
+Tat he neuere at home lay -
So wolde he his mester lere.  
<P 27>
Bifel it so a strong dere
Bigan to rise of korn of bred,
That Grim ne cou+te no god red
Hw he sholde his meine fede.
Of Hauelok hauede he michel drede,
For he was strong and wel mouthe ete
More +tanne heuere mouthe be gete;
Ne he ne mouthe on +te se take
Ney+ter lenge ne +tornbake,
Ne non o+ter fish +tat douthe
His meyne feden with he mouthe.
Of Hauelok he hauede kare,
Hwil-gat +tat he micthe fare;
Of his children was him nouth -
On Hauelok was al hise +touth,
And seyde 'Hauelok, dere sone,
J wene that we deye mone
For hunger: +tis dere is so strong,
And hure mete is uten long.
Betere is +tat +tu henne gonge
+Tan +tu here dwelle longe -
He+ten +tou mayt gangen to late.
+Tou canst ful wel +te ricthe gate
To Lincolne, +te gode borw -
+Tou hauest it gon ful ofte +toru.
Of me ne is me nouth a slo.
Betere is +tat +tu +tider go,
For +ter is mani god man inne:
+Ter +tou mayt +ti mete winne.
But wo is me +tou art so naked:
Of mi seyl Y wolde +te were maked
A cloth +tou mithest inne gongen,
Sone, no cold +tat +tu ne fonge.'

   He tok +te sh[{e{]res of +te nayl
And made him a couel of +te sayl,
And Hauelok dide it sone on.
Hauede ney+ter hosen ne shon,
Ne none kines o+te[{r{] wede:
To Lincolne barfot he yede.
<P 29>
Hwan he kam +te[{r{] he was ful wil -
Ne hauede he no frend to gangen til.
Two dayes +ter fastinde he yede,
+Tan non for his werk wolde him fede.
+Te +tridde day herde he calle:
'Bermen, bermen, hider forth alle!'
[\NO GAP IN MS\] . . . . . . . . 
Sprongen forth so sparke on glede.
Hauelok shof dun nyne or ten
Rith amidewarde +te fen,
And stirte forth to +te kok
[\NO GAP IN MS\] . . . . . . . .
+Tat he bouthe at +te brigge.
+Te bermen let he alle ligge,
And bar +te mete to +te castel,
And gat him +tere a fer+ting wastel.

   +Tet o+ter day kepte he ok
Swi+te yerne +te erles kok,
Til +tat he say him on +te b[{r{]igge,
And bi him mani fishes ligge.
+Te herles mete hauede he bouth
Of Cornwalie, and kalde oft:
'Bermen, bermen, hider swi+te!'
Hauelok it herde, and was ful bli+te
+Tat he herde 'Bermen!' calle:
Alle made he hem dun-falle
+Tat in his gate yeden and stode -
Wel sixtene laddes gode.
Als he lep +te kok til,
He shof hem alle upon an hyl -
Astirte til him with his rippe
And bigan +te fish to kippe.
He bar up wel a carte-lode
Of segges, laxes, of playces brode,
Of grete laumprees, and of eles.
Sparede he ney+ter tos ne heles
Til +tat he to +te castel cam,
+Tat men fro him his bir+tene nam.
<P 30>
+Tan men haueden holpen him doun
With +te bir+tene of his croun,
+Te kok stod and on him low,
And +toute him stalwor+te man ynow,
And seyde 'Wiltu ben wit me?
Gladlike wile Ich feden +te.
Wel is set +te mete +tu etes,
And +te hire +tat +tu getes!'

   '[{G{]oddot!' quoth he 'leue sire,
Bidde Ich you non o+ter hire,
But yeue+t me inow to ete -
Fir and water Y wile you fete,
+Te fir blowe an ful wel maken.
Stickes kan Ich breken and kraken,
And kindlen ful wel a fyr,
And maken it to brennen shir.
Ful wel kan Ich cleuen shides,
Eles to-turuen of here hides;
Ful wel kan Ich dishes swilen,
And don al +tat ye euere wilen.'
Quoth +te kok 'Wile I no more!
Go +tu yunder and sit +tore,
And Y shal yeue +te ful fair bred,
And make +te broys in +te led.
Sit now doun and et ful yerne -
Da+teit hwo +te mete werne!'

   Hauelok sette him dun anon
Al so stille als a ston,
Til he hauede ful wel eten;
+To hauede Hauelok fayre geten!
Huan he hauede eten inow,
He kam to +te welle, water up-drow,
And filde +te[{r{] a michel so -
Bad he non ageyn him go,
But bitwen his hondes he bar it in,
A[{l{] him one, to +te kichin.
<P 31>
Bad he non him water to fett,
Ne fro b[{r{]igge to bere +te mete.
He bar +te turues, he bar +te star,
+Te wode fro +te brigge he bar,
Al +tat euere shulden he nytte
Al he drow and al he citte - 
Wolde he neuere hauen rest
More +tan he were a best.
Of alle men was he mest meke,
Lauhwinde ay and bli+te of speke.
Euere he was glad and bli+te - 
His sorwe he cou+te ful wel mi+te.  

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 35>
   Godrich +te erl was swi+te wroth
+Tat she swor swilk an oth,
And seyde 'Hwor +tou wilt be
Quen and leuedi ouer me?
+Tou shalt hauen a gadeling - 
Ne shalt +tou hauen non o+ter king!
+Te shal spusen mi cokes knaue -
Ne shalt +tou non o+ter louerd haue.
Da+teit +tat +te o+ter yeue
Eueremore hwil I liue!
Tomo[{r{]we ye sholen ben weddeth,
<P 36>
And maugre +tin togidere beddeth.'
Goldeborw gret and [{yaf{] hire ille;
She wolde ben ded, bi hire wille.
On +te morwen, hwan day was sprungen,
And day-belle at kirke rungen,
After Hauelok sente +tat Iudas
+Tat werse was +tanne Sathanas,
And seyde 'Mayster, wilte wif?'
'Nay!' quoth Hauelok, 'bi my lif!
Hwat sholde Ich with wif do?
J ne may hire fede ne clo+te ne sho.
Wider sholde Ich wimman bringe?
J ne haue none kines +tinge - 
J ne haue hws, Y ne haue cote,
Ne I ne haue stikke, Y ne haue sprote,
I ne haue ney+ter bred ne sowel,
Ne cloth but of an hold with couel.
+Tis clo+tes +tat Ich onne-haue
Aren +te kokes and Ich his knaue!'
Godrich stirt up and on him dong,
[\NO GAP IN MS\] . . . . . . . .
And seyde 'But +tou hire take
+Tat Y wole yeuen +te to make,
J shal hangen +te ful heye,
Or Y shal +tristen vth +tin heie!'
Hauelok was one and was odrat,
And grauntede him al +tat he bad.
+To sende he after hire sone,
+Te fayrest wymman under mone,
And seyde til hire, [{fel{] and slike
(+Tat wicke +tral, +tat foule swike):
But +tu +tis man understonde
J shal flemen +te of londe,
Or +tou shal to +te galwes renne,
And +ter +tou shalt in a fir brenne!'
Sho was adrad for he so +trette,
And durste nouth +te spusing lette,
But +tey hire likede swi+te ille,
+Touthe it was Godes wille -
<P 37>
God +tat makes growen +te korn,
Formede hire wimman to be born.
Hwan he hauede don him, for drede,
+Tat he sholde hire spusen and fede,
And +tat she sholde til him holde,
+Ter weren penies +ticke tolde
Mikel plente upon +te bok -
He ys hire yaf, and she as tok.
He weren spused fayre and wel:
+Te messe he dede, eueri del
+Tat fel to spusing, an god cle[{r{]k -
+Te erchebishop uth of Yerk,
+Tat kam to +te parlement,
Als God him hauede +tider sent.

   Hwan he weren togydere in Godes lawe,
+Tat +te folc ful wel it sawe,
He ne wisten hwat he mouthen
Ne he ne wisten wat hem douthe -
+Ter to dwellen or +tenne to gonge.
+Ter ne wolden he dwellen longe,
For he wisten and ful wel sawe
+Tat Godrich hem hatede - +te deuel him hawe!
And yf he dwelleden +ter outh - 
+Tat fel Hauelok ful wel on +touth - 
Men sholde don his leman shame,
Or elles bringen in wicke blame,
+Tat were him leuere to ben ded.
For+ti he token ano+ter red,
+Tat +tei sholden +tenne fle
Til Grim, and til hise sones +tre -
+Ter wenden he al+terbest to spede,
Hem for to clo+te and for to fede.
+Te lond he token under fote -
Ne wisten he non o+ter bote -
And helden ay +te rith [{sti{]
Til he komen to Grimesby.
+Tanne he komen +tere tanne was Grim ded -
Of him ne haueden he no red.
<P 38>
But hise children alle fyue
Alle weren yet on liue,
+Tat ful fayre ayen hem neme
Hwan he wisten +tat he keme,
And maden ioie swi+te mikel -
Ne weren he neuere ayen hem fikel.
On knes ful fayre he hem setten
And Hauelok swi+te fayre gretten,
And seyden 'Welkome, louerd dere,
And welkome be +ti fayre fere!
Blessed be +tat ilke +trawe
+Tat +tou hire toke in Godes lawe!
Wel is hus we sen +te on lyue.
+Tou mithe us bo+te selle and yeue;
+Tou mayt us bo+te yeue and selle,
With +tat +tou wilt here dwelle.
We hauen, louerd, alle gode -
Hors, and neth, and ship on flode,
Gold, and siluer, and michel auchte,
+Tat Grim ure fader us bitawchte.
Gold and siluer and o+ter fe
Bad he us bitaken +te.
We hauen shep, we hauen swin;
Bileue her, louerd, and al be +tin!
+To[{u{] shalt ben louerd, +tou shalt ben syre
And we sholen seruen +te and hire.
And hure sistres sholen do
Al +tat euere biddes sho:
He sholen hire clo+ten washen and wringen,
And to hondes water bringen:
He sholen bedden hire and +te,
For leuedi wile we +tat she be.'
Hwan he +tis ioie haueden maked,
Sithen stikes broken and kraked,
And +te fir brouth on brenne,
Ne was +ter spared gos ne henne,
Ne +te hende ne +te drake.
Mete he deden plente make -
Ne wantede +tere no god mete.
Wyn and ale deden he fete
<P 39>
And made hem glade and bli+te;
Wesseyl ledden he fele si+te.

   On +te nith als Goldeborw lay,
Sory and sorwful was she ay,
For she wende she were biswike,
+Tat she [{we{]re yeuen unkyndelike.
O nith saw she +ter-inne a lith,
A swi+te fayr, a swi+te bryth -
Al so brith, al so shir,
So it were a blase of fir.
She lokede no[{r{]+t and ek south,
And saw it comen ut of his mouth
+Tat lay bi hire in +te bed.
No ferlike +tou she were adred!
+Touthe she 'Wat may +tis bimene!
He beth heyman yet, als Y wene -
He beth heyman er he be ded!'
On hise shuldre, of gold red, 
She saw a swi+te noble croiz.
Of an angel she herde a uoyz:

   'Goldeborw, lat +ti sorwe be!
For Hauelok, +tat haue+t spuset +te,
He [{is{] kinges sone and kinges eyr -
+Tat bikenneth +tat croiz so fayr.
Jt bikenneth more - +tat he shal
Denemark hauen and Englond al.
He shal ben king strong and stark
Of Engelond and Denemark -
+Tat shal +tu wit +tin eyne sen,
And +to[{u{] shalt quen and leuedi ben.'

   +Tanne she hauede herd the steuene
Of +te angel uth of heuene,
She was so fele si+tes bli+te
+Tat she ne mithe hire ioie mythe,
But Hauelok sone anon she kiste,
And he slep and nouth ne wiste
<P 40>
Hwa[{t{] +tat aungel hauede seyd.
Of his slep anon he brayd,
And seide, 'Lemman, slepes +tou?
A selkuth drem dremede me nou -

   Herkne nou hwat me haueth met.
Me +touthe Y was in Denemark set,
But on on +te moste hil
+Tat euere yete kam I til.
Jt was so hey +tat Y wel mouthe
Al +te werd se, als me +touthe.
Als I sat up-on +tat lowe
J bigan Denemark for to awe,
+Te borwes and +te castles stronge;
And mine armes weren so longe
That I fadmede al at ones
Denemark with mine longe bones.
And +tanne Y wolde mine armes drawe
Til me and hom for to haue,
Al +tat euere in Denemark liueden
On mine armes faste clyueden,
And +te stronge castles alle
On knes bigunnen for to falle -
+Te keyes fellen at mine fet. 
Ano+ter drem dremede me ek
+Tat Ich fley ouer +te salte se
Til Engeland, and al with me
+Tat euere was in Denemark lyues
But bondemen and here wiues,
And +tat Ich kom til Engelond -
Al closede it intil min hond,
And, Goldeborw, Y gaf [{it{] +te.
Deus, lemman! hwat may +tis be?'
Sho answerede and seyde sone
'Jesu Crist, +tat made mone,
+Tine dremes turne to ioye...  
[\NO GAP IN MS\] 
+Tat wite +tw +tat sittes in trone!
Ne non strong king ne caysere
So +tou shalt be, fo[{r{] +tou shalt bere
<P 41>
Jn Engelond corune yet.
Denemark shal knele to +ti fete;
Alle +te castles +tat aren +ter-inne
Shaltow, lemman, ful wel winne -
J woth so wel so Ich it sowe.
To +te shole comen heye and lowe,
And alle +tat in Denemark wone -
Em and bro+ter, fader and sone,
Erl and baroun, dreng an[{d{] [{+t{]ayn,
Knithes and burgeys and sweyn -
And [{bes{] mad king heyelike and wel.
Denemark shal be +tin euere-ilc del -
Haue +tou nouth +ter-offe douthe,
Nouth +te worth of one nouthe!
+Ter-offe with-inne +te firste yer
Shalt +tou ben king of euere-il del. 
But do nou als Y wile rathe:
Nim in wit l[{i{]+te to Denema[{r{]k ba+te,
And do +tou nouth on frest +tis fare -
Lith and selthe felawes are -
For shal Ich neuere bli+te be
Til I with eyen Denemark se,
For Ich woth +tat al +te lond
Shalt +tou hauen in +tin hon[{d{] .
Prey Grimes sones alle +tre
That he wenden for+t with +te;
J wot he wilen +te nouth werne -
With +te wende shulen he yerne,
For he louen +te hertelike.
+Tou maght t[{e{]l he aren quike,
Hwore-so he o worde aren;
+Tere ship +tou do hem swi+te yaren,
And loke +tat +tou dwelle nouth -
Dwelling haueth ofte sca+te wrouth!

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 46>
   Hwan it was comen time to ete,
Hise wif dede Ubbe sone in fete,
And til hire seyde al on gamen:
'Dame, +tou and Hauelok shulen ete samen,
And Goldeboru shal ete wit me
+Tat is so fayr so flour on tre -
<P 47>
Jn al Denemark [{n{]is wimman 
So fayr so sche, bi Seint Iohan.'
+Tanne [{he{] were set and bord leyd,
And +te beneysun was seyd,
Biforn hem com +te beste mete
+Tat king or cayser wolde ete:
Kranes, swannes, ueneysun,
Lax, lampreys, and god sturgun,
Pyment to drinke and god clare,
Win hwit and red, ful god plente -
Was +ter-inne no page so lite
+Tat euere wolde ale bite.
Of +te mete for to telle
Ne of +te [{win{] bidde I nout dwelle;
+Tat is +te storie for to lenge -
Jt wolde anuye +tis fayre genge.
But hwan he haueden +te kil+ting de[{y{]led,
And fele si+tes haueden wosseyled,
And with gode drinkes seten longe,
And it was time for to gonge
Jl man to +ter he cam fro,
+Touthe Ubbe 'Yf I late hem go
+Tus one foure, withuten mo,
So mote Ich brouke finger or to,
For +tis wimman bes mike wo!
For hire shal men hire louerd slo.'
He tok sone knithes ten,
And wel sixti o+ter men
Wit gode bowes and with gleiues,
And sende him unto +te greyues -
+Te beste man of al +te toun,
+Tat was named Bernard Brun -
And bad him als he louede his lif
Hauelok wel y[{e{]men and his wif,
And wel do wayten al +te nith
Til +te o+ter day +tat it were lith.
Bernard was trewe and swi+te with -
Jn al +te borw ne was no knith
+Tat betere cou+te on stede riden,
<P 48>
Helm on heued ne swerd bi side.
Hauelok he gladlike understod
With mike loue and herte god,
And dide grey+te a super riche
(Al so he was no-with chiche)
To his bihoue eueril del,
+Tat he mithe supe swi+te wel.

   Al so he seten and sholde soupe,
So comes a ladde in a ioupe,
And with him sixti o+ter stronge,
With swerdes drawen and kniues longe,
Jlkan in hande a ful god gleiue,
And seyde 'Undo, Bernard +te greyue!
Vndo swi+te and lat us in,
Or +tu art ded, bi Seint Austin!'
Bernard stirt up, +tat was ful big,
And caste a brinie upon his rig,
And grop an a[{x{] +tat was ful god -
Lep to +te dore so he wore wod,
And seyde 'Hwat are ye +tat are +ter-oute,
+Tat +tus biginnen for to stroute?
Goth henne swi+te, fule +teues!
For bi +te Louerd +tat man on leues,
Shol Ich casten +te dore open,
Summe of you shal Ich drepen,
And +te o+tre shal Ich kesten
Jn feteres and ful faste festen!'
'Hwat haue ye seid?' quoth a ladde,
'Wenestu +tat we ben adradde?
We shole at +tis dore gonge
Maugre +tin, carl, or outh longe!'
He gripen sone a bulder-ston,
And let it fleye, ful god won,
Agen +te dore, +tat it to-rof.
Auelok it saw, and +tider drof,
And +te barre sone vt-drow,
+Tat was unride and gret ynow,
And caste +te dore open wide
<P 49>
And seide 'Her shal Y now abide!
Comes swi+te vnto me -
Da+teyt hwo you henne fle!'
'No,' quodh on, '+tat shaltou coupe!'
And bigan til him to loupe,
Jn his hond his swerd ut-drawe,
(Hauelok he wende +tore haue slawe),
And with [{him{] comen o+ter two
+Tat him wolde of liue haue do.
Hauelok lifte up +te dore-tre,
And at a dint he slow hem +tre:
Was non of hem +tat hise hernes
Ne lay +ter ute ageyn +te sternes.
+Te fer+te, +tat he si+ten mette,
Wit +te barre so he him grette
Bifor +te heued +tat +te rith eye
Vt of +te hole made he fleye,
And si+te clapte him on +te crune
So +tat he stan-ded fel +tor dune.
+Te fifte +tat he ouertok
Gaf he a ful sor dint ok
Bitwen +te sholdres +ter he stod,
+Tat he speu his herte-blod.
+Te sixte wende for to fle,
And he clapte him with +te tre
Rith in +te fule necke so
+Tat he smot hise necke on to.
+Tanne +te sixe weren doun-feld,
+Te seuen+te brayd ut his swerd,
And wolde Hauelok riht in the eye;
And Haue[{lok{] le[{t +te{] barre fleye
And smot him sone ageyn +te brest,
+Tat hauede ne neuere sch[{r{]ifte of prest
(For he was ded on lesse hwile
+Tan men mouthe renne a mile).
Alle +te o+tere weren ful kene:
A red +tei taken hem bitwene
+Tat he sholde him bihalue,
<P 51>
And brisen so +tat wit no salue
Ne sholde him helen leche non.
+Tey drowen ut swerdes, ful god won,
And shoten on him so don on bere
Dogges +tat wolden him to-tere,
+Tanne men doth +te bere beyte.
+Te laddes were kaske and teyte
And v[{m{]biyeden him ilkon:
Sum smot with tre, and sum wit ston,
Summe putten with gleyue in bac and side
And yeuen wundes longe and wide
Jn twenti stedes, and wel mo,
Fro +te croune til the to.
Hwan he saw +tat, he was wod,
And was it ferlik hw he stod!
For +te blod ran of his sides
So water +tat fro +te welle glides.
But +tanne bigan he for to mowe
With +te barre, and let hem sh[{a{]we
Hw he cow+te sore smite;
For was +ter non, long ne lite,
+Tat he mouthe ouertake,
+Tat he ne garte his croune krake,
So +tat on a litel stund
Felde he twenti to +te grund.

   +To bigan gret dine to rise,
For +te laddes on ilke wise
Him asayleden wit grete dintes.
Fro fer he sto[{n{]den him with flintes,
And gleyues schoten him fro ferne,
For drepen him he wolden yerne;
But dursten he newhen him nomore
+Tanne he bor or leun wore.

   Huwe Rauen +tat dine herde,
And +towthe wel, +tat men misferde
With his louerd for his wif,
And grop an ore, and a long knif,
<P 52>
And +tider drof al so an hert,
And cham +ter on a litel stert,
And saw how +te laddes wode
Hauelok his louerd umbistode,
And beten on him so doth +te smith
With +te hamer on +te stith.

   'Allas' hwat Hwe '+tat Y was boren!
+Tat euere et Ich bred of koren!
+Tat Ich here +tis sorwe se!
Roberd, William, hware ar ye?
Gripeth e+ter unker a god tre,
And late we nouth +tise doges fle
Til ure louerd wreke [{be{] !
Cometh swi+te, and folwes me:
Jch haue in honde a ful god ore -
Da+teit wo ne smite sore!'
'Ya, leue, ya!' quod Roberd sone,
'We hauen ful god lith of +te mone.'
Roberd grop a staf strong and gret
+Tat mouthe ful wel bere a net,
And Willam Wendut grop a tre
Mikel grettere +tan his +tre,
And Bernard held his ax ful faste
(J seye, was he nouth +te laste!)
And lopen forth so he weren wode
To +te laddes +ter he stode,
And yaf hem wundes swi+te grete.
+Ter mithe men wel se boyes bete,
And ribbes in here sides breke,
And Hauelok on hem wel wreke.
He broken armes, he broken knes,
He broken shankes, he broken thes,
He dide +te blod +tere renne dune
To +te fet rith fro +te crune,
For was +ter spared heued non.
He leyden on heuedes ful god won,
And made croune breke and crake
Of +te broune and of +te blake.
<P 53>
He maden here backes al so bloute
Als he[{re{] wombes and made hem rowte
Als he weren kradel-barnes,
So dos +te child +tat moder +tarnes.

   Da+teit +te recke! for he it seruede.
Hwat dide he +tore? weren he werewed!
So longe haueden he but and bet,
With neues under hernes set,
+Tat of +to sixti men and on
Ne wente +ter awey liues non.

   On +te morwen, h[{w{]an it was day,
Jlc on o+ter wirwed lay
Als it were dogges +tat weren henged,
And summe leye in dikes slenget,
And summe in gripes bi +te her
Drawen ware and laten +ter.
Sket cam tiding intil Ubbe
+Tat Hauelok hauede with a clubbe
Of hise slawen sixti and on -
Sergaunz, +te beste +tat mithen gon.
(\'Deus!'\) quoth Ubbe, 'hwat may +tis be?
Betere his I nime miself and se
+Tat +tis baret on hwat is wold
+Tanne I sende yunge or old;
For yif I sende him unto,
J wene men sholde him shame do,
And +tat ne wolde Ich for no +ting.
J loue him wel, bi heueneking -
Me wore leuere I wore lame
+Tanne men dide him ani shame,
Or tok or onne handes leyde
Vnornelike, or shame seyde.'
He lep up on a stede lith,
And with him mani a noble knith,
And ferde forth unto +te tun,
And dide calle Bernard Brun
Vt of his hus, hwan he +ter cam;
<P 54>
And Bernard sone ageyn-nam,
Al to-tused and al to-torn,
Ner al so naked so he was born,
And al to-brised bac and +te.
Quoth Ubbe, 'Bernard, hwat is +te?
Hwo haues +te +tus ille maked,
+Tus to-riuen, and al mad naked?'

   '[{L{]ouerd, merci!' quot he sone,
'Tonicht, al so ros +te mone,
Comen her mo +tan sixti +teues
With lokene copes and wide sleues,
Me for to robben and to pine,
And for to drepe me and mine.
Mi dore he broken up ful sket,
And wolde me binden hond and fet.
Wan +te godemen +tat sawe
(Hauelok and he +tat bi +te wowe
Leye), he stirten up sone onon,
And summe grop tre, and sum grop ston,
And driue hem ut, +tei he weren crus,
So dogges ut of milne-hous.
Hauelok grop +te dore-tre,
And [{at{] a dint he slow hem +tre.
He is +te beste man at nede
+Tat eueremar shal ride stede -
Als helpe God, bi mine wone
A +thousend of men his he worth one!
Yif he ne were Ich were nou ded -
So haue Ich don mi soule red!
But it is of him mikel sinne:
He maden him swilke woundes +trinne
+Tat of +te al+terleste wounde
Were a stede brouht to grunde.
He haues a wunde in +te side
With a gleyue, ful unride;
And he haues on +toru his arum
(+Ter-of is ful mikel harum);
And he haues on +toru his +the -
<P 55>
+Te vnrideste +tat men may se.
And o+te[{r{] wundes haues he stronge,
Mo +tan twenti, swi+te longe.
But si+ten he hauede lauth +te sor
Of +te wundes, was neuere bor
+Tat so fauth so he fauth +tanne!
Was non +tat hauede +te hernpanne
So hard +tat he ne dede al to-cruhsse,
And al to-shiuere, and al to-frusshe.
He folwede hem so hund dos hare!
Da+teyt on he wolde spare,
+Tat ne made hem euerilkon
Ligge stille so doth +te ston.
And +ter nis he nouth to frie,
For o+ter sholde he make hem lye
Ded, or +tei him hauede slawen,
Or al to-heuen or al to-drawen.

   Louerd, haui nomore plith
Of +tat Ich was +tus gre+ted tonith.
+Tus wolde +te +teues me haue reft;
But, God +tank, he hauenet sure keft!
But it is of him mikel sca+te -
J woth +tat he bes ded ful ra+te.'

   Quoth Ubbe: 'Bernard, seyst +tou soth?'
'Ya, sire, that I ne le[{y{]e oth!
Yif Y, louerd, a word leye,
Tomorwen do me hengen heye!'
+Te burgeys +tat +ter-bi stode +tore
Grundlike and grete o+tes swore,
Litle and mikle, yunge and holde,
+Tat was soth +tat Bernard tolde -
Soth was +tat he wolden him bynde,
And trusse al +tat he mithen fynde
Of hise in arke or in kiste,
+Tat he mouthe in seckes +triste.
'Louerd, he haueden al awey born
His +ting, and himself al to-torn,
<P 56>
But als God self barw him wel
+Tat he ne tinte no catel.
Hwo mithe so mani stonde ageyn,
Bi nither-tale, knith or swein?
He weren bi tale sixti and ten -
Starke laddes, stalwor+ti men,
And on +te mayster of hem alle,
+Tat was +te name G[{r{]iffin Galle.
Hwo mouthe agey[{n{] so mani stonde,
But als +tis man of ferne londe
Haueth hem slawen with a tre?
Mikel ioie haue he!
God yeue him mikel god to welde,
Bo+te in tun and ek in felde:
We[{l{] is set he etes mete!'
Quoth Ubbe 'Doth him swi+te fete,
+Tat Y mouthe his woundes se,
Yf +tat he mouthen holed be;
For yf he mouthe couere yet
And gangen wel upon hise fet,
Miself shal dubbe him to knith,
For+ti +tat he is so with.
And yif he liuede, +to foule +teues
(+Tat weren of Kaym[{es{] kin and Eues),
He sholden hange bi +te necke -
Of here ded da+teit wo recke,
Hwan he yeden +tus on nithes
Tobinde bo+te burgmen and knithes!
For bynderes loue Ich neueremo -
Of hem ne yeue Ich nouht a slo!'

   Hauelok was bifore Ubbe browth, 
+Tat hauede for him ful mikel +touth
And mikel sorwe in his herte,
For hise wundes +tat we[{re{] so smerte.

   But hwan his wundes weren sh[{a{]wed,
And a leche hauede knawed
+Tat he hem mouthe ful wel hele,
<P 57>
Wel make him gange and ful wel mele,
And wel a palefrey bistride,
And wel upon a stede ride,
+To let Ubbe al his care
And al his sorwe ouer-fare,
And seyde, 'Cum now forth with me,
And Goldeboru +ti wif with +te,
And +tine seriaunz alle +tre!
For nou wile Y youre warant be:
Wile Y non of here frend
+Tat +tu slowe with +tin hend
Mouthe wayte +te [{to{] slo
Al so +tou gange to and fro.
J shal lene +te a bowr
+Tat is up in +te heye tour,
Til +tou mowe ful wel go
And wel ben hol of al +ti wo.
Jt ne shal no+ting ben bitwene
+Ti bour and min, al so Y wene,
But a fayr firrene wowe - 
Speke Y loude or spek Y lowe,
+Tou shalt ful wel heren me,
And +tan +tu wilt +tou shalt me se.
A rof shal hile us bo+te o nith,
+Tat none of mine, clerk ne knith,
Ne sholen +ti wif no shame bede
No more +tan min, so God me rede!'

   He dide unto +te borw bringe
Sone anon, al with ioiinge,
His wif and his serganz +tre
(+Te beste men +tat mouthe be!).
+Te firste nith he lay +ter-inne,
Hise wif and his serganz +trinne,
Aboute +te middel of +te nith
Wok Ubbe and saw a mikel lith
Jn +te bour +ta[{r{] Hauelok lay,
Al so brith so it were day.

<P 58>
   (\'Deus!'\) quoth Ubbe, 'hwat may +tis be?
Betere is I go miself and se
Hwe+ter he sitten nou and wesseylen,
Or of ani shotshipe to-deyle
+Tis tid nithes also foles;
+Tan bir+te men casten hem in poles,
Or in a grip, or in +te fen -
Nou ne sitten none but wicke men,
Glotuns, reures, or wicke +teues,
Bi Crist +tat alle folk onne leues!'

   He stod and totede in at a bord
Her he spak anilepi word,
And saw hem slepen faste ilkon,
And lye stille so +te ston,
And saw al +tat mikel lith
Fro Hauelok cam +tat was so brith.
Of his mouth it com il del -
+Tat was he war ful swi+te wel.
(\'Deus!'\) quoth he, 'hwat may +tis mene?'
He calde bo+te arwe men and kene,
Knithes and serganz swi+te sleie,
Mo [^EDITION: Mpo^] +tan an hundred, withuten leye,
And bad hem alle comen and se
Hwat +tat selcuth mithe be.  

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 63>
   Hwan he haueden alle +te king gret,
And he weren alle dun-set,
+To seyde Ubbe 'Lokes here
Vre louerd swi+te dere,
+Tat shal ben king of al +te lond
And haue us alle under hond,
For he is Birkabeynes sone -
+Te king +tat was vmbe stou[{n{]de wone
[{Us{] for to yeme and wel were
Wit sharp swerd and longe spere.
Lokes nou hw he is fayr:
Sikerlike he is hise eyr.
Falles alle to hise fet -
Bicomes hise men ful sket!'
He weren for Ubbe swi+te adrad,
And dide sone al +tat he bad.
And yet deden he sumdel more:
O bok ful grundlike he swore
+Tat he sholde with him halde,
Bo+te ageynes stille and bolde
+Tat euere wo[{l{]de his bodi dere.
+Tat dide hem o boke swere. 

   Hwan he hauede manrede and oth
Taken of lef and of loth,
Vbbe dubbede him to knith
<P 64>
With a swerd ful swi+te brith,
And +te folk of al +te lond
Bitauhte him al in his hond,
+Te cunnriche eueril del,
And made him king heylike and wel.
Hwan he was king, +ter mouthe men se
+Te moste ioie +tat mouhte be -
Buttinge with sharpe speres,
Skirming with taleuaces +tat men beres,
Wrastling with laddes, putting of ston,
Harping and piping ful god won,
Leyk of mine, of hasard ok,
Romanz-reding on +te bok.
+Ter mouthe men here +te gestes singe,
+Te glevmen on +te tabour dinge;
+Ter mouhte men se +te boles beyte
And +te bores, with hundes teyte;
+To mouthe men se eueril gleu;
+Ter mouthe men se hw grim greu -
Was neuere yete ioie more
Jn al +tius werd +tan +to was +tore.
+Ter was so mike yeft of clo+tes
+Tat, +tou I swore you grete othes,
J ne wore nouth +ter-offe [{trod{] .
+Tat may I ful wel swere, bi God:
+Tere was swi+te gode metes,
And of wyn +tat men fer fetes
Rith al so mik and gret plente
So it were water of +te se.
+Te feste fourti dawes sat -
So riche was neuere non so +tat!
+Te king made Roberd +tere knith,
+Tat was ful strong and ful with,
And Willam Wendut hec, his bro+ter,
And Huwe Rauen, +tat was +tat o+ter,
And made hem barouns alle +tre,
And yaf hem lond and o+ter fe,
So mikel +tat ilker twent[{i{] knihtes
Hauede of genge, dayes and nithes.

<P 65>
   Hwan +tat feste was al don, 
A thusand knihtes wel o-bon
With-held +te king with him to lede,
+Tat ilkan hauede ful god stede,
Helm, and sheld, and brinie brith,
And al +te wepne +tat fel to knith.
With hem fiue thusand gode
Sergaunz +tat weren to fyht wode
With-held he al of his genge -
Wile I namore +te storie lenge.
Yet hwan he hauede of al +te lond
+Te casteles alle in his hond,
And conestables don +ter-inne,
He swor he ne sholde neuer blinne
Til +tat he were of Godard wreken,
+Tat Ich haue of ofte speken.
Hal[{f{] hundred knithes dede he calle,
And hise fif thusand sergaunz alle,
And dide sweren on +te bok
Sone, and on +te auter ok,
+Tat he ne sholde neuere blinne,
Ne for loue ne for sinne,
Til +tat he haueden Godard funde
And brouth biforn him faste bunde.

   +Tanne he haueden swor +tis oth,
Ne leten he nouth, for lef ne loth,
+Tat he ne foren swi+te rathe
+Ter he was, unto +te pa+te
+Ter he yet on hunting for,
With mikel genge and swi+te stor.
Robert, +tat was of al +te ferd
Mayster, was girt wit a swerd,
And sat upon a ful god stede
+Tat vnder him rith wolde wede.
He was +te firste +tat with Godard
Spak, and seyde, 'Hede, cauenard!
Wat dos +tu here at +tis pa+te?
Cum to +te king swi+te and ra+te!
+Tat sendes he +te word and bedes,
<P 66>
+Tat +tu +tenke hwat +tu him dedes
Hwan +tu reftes with a knif
Hise sistres here lif,
An si+ten bede +tu in +te se
Drenchen him; +tat herde he -
He is to +te swi+te grim!
Cum nu swi+te unto him,
+Tat king is of +tis kuneriche,
+Tu fule man, +tu wicke swike,
And he shal yelde +te +ti mede,
Bi Crist +tat wolde on rode blede!'

   Hwan Godard herde +tat [{he{] +ter +trette,
With +te neue he Robert sette
Biforn +te teth a dint ful strong,
And Robert kipt ut a knif long,
And smot him +toru +te rith arum -
+Ter-of was ful litel harum!

   Hwan his folk +tat sau and herde,
Hwou Robert with here louerd ferde,
He haueden him wel-ner browt of liue,
Ne were his two bre+tren and o+tre fiue
Slowen of here laddes ten
Of Godardes al+terbeste men.
Hwan +te o+tre sawen +tat, he fledden,
And Godard swi+te loude gredde:
'Mine knithes, hwat do ye?
Sule ye +tus-gate fro me fle?
Jch haue you fed and yet shal fede -
Helpe me nu in +tis nede,
And late ye nouth mi bodi spille,
Ne Hauelok don of me hise wille!
Yif ye i[{t{] do, ye do you shame
And bringeth youself in mikel blame!'
Hwan he +tat herden, he wenten ageyn,
And slowen a knit and a sweyn
<P 67>
Of +te kinges oune men,
And woundeden abuten ten.

   +Te kinges men, hwan he +tat sawe,
Scuten on hem, heye and lowe,
And euerilk fot of hem slowe,
But Godard one, +tat he flowe,
So +te +tef men dos henge,
Or hund men sholen in dike slenge.
He bunden him ful swi+te faste
Hwil +te bondes wolden laste,
+Tat he rorede als a bole
+Tat wore parred in an hole
With dogges for to bite and beite.
Were +te bondes nouth to leite -
He bounden him [{s{]o fele sore
+Tat he gan crien Godes ore,
+Tat he sholde of his hend plette;
Wolden he nouht +ter-fore lette
+Tat he ne bounden hond and fet.
Da+teit +tat on +tat +ter-fore let,
But dunten him so man doth bere,
And keste him on a scabbed mere,
Hise nese went un-to +te cri[{c{]e:
So ledden he +tat ful swike
Til he was biforn Hauelok brouth,
+Tat he haue[{de{] ful wo wrowht,
Bo+te with hungre and with cold.
Or he were twel[{ue{] winter old,
And with mani heui swink,
With poure mete and feble drink,
And [{wi+t{] swi+te wikke clo+tes,
For al hise manie grete othes.
Nu be[{y{]es he his holde blame:
Old sinne makes newe shame!
Wan he was [{brouth{] so shamelike
Biforn +te king (+te fule swike!)
<P 68>
+Te king dede Ubbe swi+te calle
Hise erles and hise barouns alle,
Dreng and thein, burgeis and knith,
And bad he sholden demen him rith,
For he kneu +te swikedam;
Eueril del God was him gram!
He setten hem dun bi +te wawe,
Riche and pouere, heye and lowe,
+Te helde men and ek +te grom,
And made +ter +te rithe dom,
And seyden unto +te king anon,
+Tat stille sat so +te ston:
'We deme +tat he be al quic [{f{]lawen,
And si+ten to +te galwes drawe
At +tis foule mere tayl,
+Toru is fet a ful strong nayl,
And +tore ben henged wit two feteres;
And +tare be writen +tise leteres:
"+Tis is +te swike +tat wende wel
+Te king haue reft +te lond il del,
And hise sistres with a knif
Bo+te refte here lif" -
+Tis writ shal henge bi him +tare.
+Te dom is demd seye we namore.'

   Hwan +te dom was demd and giue,
And he was wit +te prestes shriue,
And it ne mouhte ben non o+ter,
Ne for fader ne for bro+ter,
[{But{] +tat he sholde +tarne lif,
Sket cam a ladde with a knif
And bigan rith at +te to
For to ritte and for to flo;
And he bigan for to rore
So it were grim or gore,
+Tat men mithe +te+ten a mile
Here him rore, +tat fule file!
+Te ladde ne let nowith for+ti,
<P 69>
+Tey he criede 'merci! merci!'
+Tat ne flow [{him{] eueril del
With knif mad of grunden stel.
+Tei garte bringe +te mere sone,
Skabbe[{d{] and ful iuele o-bone,
And bunden him rith at hire tayl
With a rop of an old seyl,
And drowen him unto +te galwes
(Nouth bi +te gate but ouer +te falwes),
And henge +tore bi +te hals -
Da+teit hwo recke: he was fals!

   +Tanne he was ded, +tat Sathanas,
Sket was seysed al +tat his was
Jn +te kinges hand il del -
Lond and lith, and o+ter catel -
And +te king ful sone it yaf
Vbbe in +te hond, wit a fayr staf,
And seyde 'Her Ich sayse +te,
Jn al +te lond, in al +te fe.'
+To swor Hauelok he sholde make,
Al for Grim, of monekes blake
A priorie to seruen inne ay
Jesu Crist til Domesday,
For +te god he hauede him don
Hwil he was pouere and [{iuel{] o-bon.
And +ter-of held he wel his oth,
For he it made, God it woth,
Jn +te tun +ter Grim was grauen,
+Tat of Grim yet haues +te [{nauen{] -
Of Grim bidde Ich namore spelle. 
But wan Godrich herde telle,
Of Cornwayle +tat was erl
(+Tat fule traytour, that mixed cherl!)
+Tat Hauelok, was king of Denemark,
And ferde with him, strong and stark,
Comen Engelond with-inne,
Engelond al for to winne,
<P 70>
And +tat she +tat was so fayr,
+Tat was of Engelond rith eir,
Was comen up at Grimesbi,
He was ful sorful and sori,
And seyde 'Hwat shal me to ra+te?
Goddoth I shal do slon hem ba+te!
J shal don hengen hem ful heye,
So mote Ich brouke mi rith eie,
But yif he of mi lond fle.
Hwat! wenden he to deserite me?'
He dide sone ferd ut-[{bede{] ,
+Tat al +tat euere mouhte o stede
Ride or helm on heued bere,
Brini on bac, and sheld and spere
Or ani o+ter wepne bere,
Hand-ax, sy+te, gisarm, or spere,
Or aunlaz and god long knif,
+Tat als he louede leme or lif
+Tat +tey sholden comen him to, 
'With ful god wepne ye ber[{e{] ', so 
To Lincolne, +ter he lay,
Of Marz +te seuenten+te day,
So +tat he cou+te hem god +tank.
And yif +tat ani were so ran[{k{]
+Tat he +tanne ne come an[{a{]n,
He swor bi Crist and Seint Johan
That he sholde maken him +tral,
And al his ofspring forthwithal.

   +Te Englishe +tat herde +tat
Was non +tat euere his bode sat,
For he him dredde swi+te sore,
So runci spore, and mikle more.
At +te day he come sone
+Tat he hem sette, ful wel o-bone,
To Lincolne with gode stedes
And al +te wepne +tat knith ledes.
<P 71>
Hwan he wore come, sket was +te erl [{y{]are
Ageynes Denshe men to fare,
And seyde 'Ly+tes nu, alle samen!
Haue Ich gadred you for no gamen,
But Ich wile seyen you forwi.
Lokes hware here at Grimesbi
His uten-laddes here comen,
And haues nu +te priorie numen -
Al +tat euere mithen he finde,
He brenne kirkes and prestes binde;
He strangleth monkes and nunnes b[{a{]+te.
Wat wile ye, frend, her-offe r[{a+t{]e?
Yif he regne +tus-gate longe,
He moun us alle ouer-gange -
He moun vs alle quic henge or slo,
Or +tral maken and do ful wo,
Or elles reue us ure liues
And ure children and ure wiues.
But dos nu als Ich wile you lere,
Als ye wile be with me dere:
Nimes nu swi+te forth and ra+te, 
And helpes me and yuself ba+te,
And slos upo +te dogges swi+te!
For [{I{] shal neueremore be bli+te,
Ne hoseled ben ne of prest shriuen,
Til +tat he ben of londe driuen.
Nime we swi+te and do hem fle,
And folwes alle faste me!
For Ich am he, of al +te ferd,
+Tat first shal slo with drawen swerd -
Da+teyt hwo ne stonde faste
Bi me hwil hise armes laste!'
'[{Y{]e, lef, [{y{]e!' [{qu{]oth +te erl Gunter;
'Ya!' qouth +te erl of Cestre, Reyner.
And so dide alle +tat +ter stode,
And stirte forth so he were wode.
+To mouthe men se +te brinies brihte
<P 72>
On backes keste and la[{c{]e rithe,
+Te helmes heye on heued sette.
To armes al so swi+te plette
+Tat +tei wore on a litel stunde
Gre+tet als men mithe telle a pund,
And lopen on stedes sone anon;
And toward Grimesbi, ful god won,
He foren softe bi +te sti,
Til he come ney at Grimesbi.

   Hauelok, +tat hauede spired wel
Of here fare eueril del,
With al his ferd cam hem ageyn.
Forbar he no+ter knith ne sweyn:
+Te firste knith +tat he +ter mette
With +te swerd so he him grette,
For[{+t{] his heued of he plette -
Wolde he nouth for sinne lette.
Roberd saw +tat dint so hende -
Wolde he neuere +te+te[{n{] wende
Til +tat he hauede ano+ter slawen
With +te swerd he held ut-drawen. 
Willam Wendut his swerd vt-drow,
And +te +tredde so sore he slow
+Tat he made upon +te feld
His lift arm fleye with the swerd.

   Huwe Rauen ne forgat nouth
+Te swerd he hauede +tider brouth:
He kipte it up, and smot ful sore
An erl +tat he saw priken +tore
Ful noblelike upon a stede
+Tat with him wolde al quic wede.
He smot him on +te heued so
+Tat he +te heued clef a two,
And +tat bi +te shuldre-blade
+Te sharpe swerd [{he{] let wade
+Torw the brest unto +te herte.
+Te dint bigan ful sore to smerte,
<P 73>
+Tat +te erl fel dun anon
Al so ded so ani ston.
Quoth Ubbe 'Nu dwelle Ich to longe!'
And leth his stede sone gonge
To Godrich, with a god spere
+Tat he saw ano+ter bere,
And smoth Godrich and Godrich him
Hetelike with herte grim,
So +tat he bo+te felle dune
To +te er+te, first +te croune.
+Tanne he woren fallen dun bo+ten,
Grundlike here swerdes ut-drowen
+Tat weren swi+te sharp and gode,
And fouhten so +tei woren wode,
+Tat +te swot ran fro +te crune
[\NO GAP IN MS\] . . . . . . . .
+Ter mouthe men se [{tw{]o knicthes bete
Ay+ter on o+ter dintes grete,
So +tat with [{+t{]al+terlest dint
Were al to-shiuered a flint.
So was bitwenen hem a fiht,
Fro +te morwen ner [{t{]o +te niht,
So +tat +tei nouth ne bl[{u{]nne
Til +tat to sette bigan +te sunne.
+To yaf Godrich +torw +te side
Vbbe a wunde ful unride,
So +tat +torw +tat ilke wounde
Hauede ben brouth to +te grunde
And his heued al of-slawen,
Yif God ne were and Huwe Rauen,
+Tat drow him fro Godrich awey
And barw him so +tat ilke day.
But er he were fro Godrich drawen,
+Ter were a +tousind knihtes slawen
Bi bo+te halue and mo ynowe.
+Ter +te ferdes togidere slowe,
+Ter was swilk dreping of +te folk
+Tat on +te feld was neuere a polk
<P 74>
+Tat it ne stod of blod so ful
+Tat +te stem ranintil +te hul.
+To tarst bigan Godrich to go
Vpon +te Danshe and faste to slo,
And forthrith, also [{leun{] fares
+Tat neuere kines best ne spares,
+Tanne his gon, for he garte alle
+Te Denshe men biforn him falle.
He felde browne, he felde blake,
+Tat he mouthe ouertake.
Was neuere non +tat mouhte +taue
Hise dintes, noy+ter knith ne knaue,
+Tat he feldem so dos +te gres
Biforn +te sy+te +tat ful sharp [{e{]s.
Hwan Hauelok saw his folk so brittene
And his ferd so swi+te littene,
He cam driuende upon a stede,
And bigan til him to grede,
And seyde 'Godrich, wat is +te,
+Tat +tou fare +tus with me
And mine gode knihtes slos?
Sikerlike, +tou misgos!
+Tou wost ful wel, yif +tu wilt wite,
+Tat A+telwold +te dide site
On knes and sweren on messe-bok,
On caliz and on [{pateyn{] hok,
+Tat +tou hise douhter sholdest yelde,
+Tan she were wimman of elde,
Engelond eueril del.
Godrich +te erl, +tou wost it wel!
Do nu wel withuten fiht
Yeld hire +te lond, for +tat is rith:
Wile Ich forgiue +te +te lathe,
Al mi dede and al mi wrathe,
For Y se +tu art so with
And of +ti bodi so god knith.'
'+Tat ne wile Ich neueremo',
Quoth erl Godrich, 'for Ich shal slo
<P 75>
+Te, and hire forhenge heye!
J shal +trist ut +ti rith eye,
+Tat +tou lokes with on me,
But +tu swi+te he+ten fle!'
He grop +te swerd ut sone anon,
And hew on Hauelok ful god won,
So +tat he clef his sheld on two.
Hwan Hauelok saw +tat shame do
His bodi +ter biforn his ferd,
He drow ut sone his gode swerd,
And smot him so upon +te crune
+Tat Godrich fel to +te er+te adune.
But Godrich stirt up swi+te sket - 
Lay he nowth longe at hise fet - 
And smot him on +te sholdre so
+Tat he dide +tare undo
Of his brinie ringes mo
+Tan +tat Ich kan tellen fro,
And woundede him rith in +te flesh,
+Tat tendre was and swi+te nesh,
So +tat +te blod ran til his to.
+To was Hauelok swi+te wo,
+Tat he hauede of him drawe[{n{]
Blod and so sore him slawen.
Hertelike til him he wente
And Godrich +ter fulike shente,
For his swerd he hof up heye,
And +te hand he dide of-fleye
+Tat he smot him with so sore -
Hw mithe he don him shame more?

   Hwan he hauede him so shamed,
His hand of-plat and yuele lamed,
He tok him sone bi +te necke
Als a traytour (da+teyt wo recke!),
And dide him binde and fetere wel
With gode feteres al of stel,
And to +te quen he sende him,
<P 76>
+Tat birde wel to him ben grim,
And bad she sholde don him gete,
And +tat non ne sholde him bete
Ne shame do, for he was knith,
Til knithes haueden demd him rith.
+Tan +te Englishe men +tat sawe,
+Tat +tei wisten, heye and lawe,
+Tat Goldeboru +tat was so fayr
Was of Engeland rith eyr,
And +tat +te king hire hauede wedded,
And haueden ben samen bedded,
He comen alle to crie 'merci',
Vnto +te king at one cri,
And beden him sone manrede and oth
+Tat he ne sholden, for lef ne loth,
Neueremore ageyn him go
Ne ride, for wele ne for wo.

   +Te king ne wolde nouth forsake
+Tat he ne shulde of hem take
Manrede +tat he beden and ok
Hold-o+tes sweren on +te bok.
But or bad he +tat +tider were brouth
+Te quen for hem (swilk was his +touth)
For to se and forto shawe
Yif +tat he hire wolde knawe.
+Toruth hem witen wolde he
Yif +tat she aucte quen to be.

   Sixe erles weren sone yare
After hire for to fare:
He nomen onon and comen sone,
And brouthen hire, +tat under mone
Jn al +te werd ne hauede per
Of hendeleik, fer ne ner.
Hwan she was come +tider, alle
+Te Englishe men bigunne to falle
O knes, and greten swi+te sore,
And seyden 'Leuedi, K[{r{]istes ore
<P 77>
And youres! We hauen misdo mikel,
+Tat we ayen you haue be fikel,
For Englond auhte for to ben
Youres, and we youre men.
Js non of us, yung ne old,
+Tat [{he{] ne wot +tat A+telwold
Was king of +tis kunerike
And ye his eyr, and +tat +te swike
Haues it halden with mikel wronge -
God leue him sone to honge!'

   Quot Hauelok 'Hwan +tat ye it wite,
Nu wile Ich +tat ye doun-site;
And after Godrich haues wrouht,
+Tat haues in sorwe himself brouth,
Lokes +tat ye demen him rith
(For dom ne spare[{+d{] clerk ne knith),
And si+ten shal Ich understonde
Of [{y{]ou, after lawe of londe,
Manrede and holde-o+tes bo+te,
Yif ye it wilen and ek rothe.'
Anon +ter dune he hem sette,
For non +te dom ne durste lette,
And demden him to binden faste
Vpon an asse swi+te unwraste,
(Andelong, nouht ouer+twert,
His nose went unto +te stert)
And so to Lincolne lede,
Shamelike in wicke wede;
And, hwan he cam unto +te borw,
Shamelike ben led +ter-+toru,
Bi-sou+te +te borw unto a grene 
+Tat +tare is yet, als Y wene,
And +tere be bunden til a stake,
Abouten him ful gret fir make,
And al to dust be brend rith +tere. 
And yet demden he +ter more,
<P 78>
O+ter swikes for to warne:
+Tat hise children shulde +tarne
Eueremore +tat eritage
+Tat his was, for hise utrage.

   Hwan +te dom was demd and seyd,
Sket was +te swike on +te asse leyd,
And [{led hun{]til +tat ilke grene
And brend til asken, al bidene.
+To was Goldeboru ful bli+te -
She +tanked God fele sy+te
+Tat +te fule swike was brend
+Tat wende wel hire bodi haue shend,
And seyde 'Nu is time to take
Manrede of brune and of blake
+Tat Ich se ride and go,
Nu Ich am wreke of mi fo!'

   Hauelok anon manrede tok
Of alle Englishe on +te bok,
And dide hem grete o+tes swere
+Tat he sholden him god feyth bere,
Ageyn alle +tat woren liues
And +tat sholde ben born of wiues. 



<B CMHORN>
<Q MX/2 NI ROM HORN>
<N HORN>
<A X>
<C MX/2>
<O X>
<M 1250-1350>
<K X>
<D SL>
<V VERSE>
<T ROMANCE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  KING HORN.
KING HORN, FLORIZ, AND BLAUNCHEFLUR,
THE ASSUMPTION OF OUR LADY, VOL. I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 14. 
ED. J. R. LUMBY AND G. H. MCKNIGHT. 
LONDON, 1962 (1866). 
PP. 1.1 - 69.1651 (CAMBR. UNIV. MS. GG. 4.27.2)^]

<P 1>
Alle beon he bli+te
+Tat to my song ly+te,
A sang ihc schal +gou singe
Of Murry +te kinge.
King he was biweste 
So longe so hit laste.
Godhild het his quen;
Faire ne mi+gte non ben.
He hadde a sone +tat het horn;
Fairer ne miste non beo born,
Ne no rein vpon birine,
Ne sunne vpon bischine.
Fairer nis non +tane he was;
He was bri+gt so +te glas.
He was whit so +te flur,
Rose red was his colur.
<P 2>
In none kinge riche
Nas non his iliche.
Twelf feren he hadde
+Tat alle wi+t him ladde,
Alle riche mannes sones,
And alle hi were faire gomes,
Wi+t him for to pleie.
And mest he luuede tweie;
+Tat on him het ha+tulf child,
And +tat o+ter ffikenild.
A+tulf was +te beste
And fikenylde +te werste.
Hit was vpon a someres day,
Also ihc +gou telle may,
Murri +te gode king
Rod on his pleing
Bi +te se side,
Ase he was woned ride.
He fond bi +te stronde,
Ariued on his londe,
Schipes fiftene,
Wi+t sarazins kene.
<P 3>
He axede what iso+gte
O+ter to londe bro+gte.
A Payn hit of herde
And hym wel sone answarede,
"+Ti lond folk we schulle slon
And alle +tat Crist luue+t vpon,
And +te selue ri+gt anon;
Ne schaltu todai henne gon."
+Te kyng ali+gte of his stede,
For +to he hauede nede,
And his gode kni+gtes two;
Al to fewe he hadde +to.
Swerd hi gunne gripe
And to gadere smite.
Hy smyten vnder schelde 
+Tat sume hit yfelde.
+Te king hadde al to fewe
To+genes so vele schrewe.
So fele mi+gten y+te
Bringe hem +tre to di+te.
+Te pains come to londe
And neme hit in here honde.
+Tat folc hi gunne quelle
And churchen for to felle.
<P 4>
+Ter ne moste libbe
+Te fremde ne +te sibbe,
Bute hi here la+ge asoke
And to here toke.
Of alle wymmanne
Wurst was godhild +tanne.
For Murri heo weop sore
And for horn +gute more.
He wenten vt of halle,
Fram hire Maidenes alle,
Vnder a roche of stone.
+Ter heo liuede alone.
+Ter heo seruede gode,
A+genes +te paynes forbode.
+Ter he seruede criste,
+Tat no payn hit ne wiste.
Euere heo bad for horn child,
+Tat Iesu crist him beo myld.
Horn was in paynes honde
Wi+t his feren of +te londe.
Muchel was his fairhede,
For ihesu crist him makede.
<P 5>
Payns him wolde slen
O+ter al quic flen.
+Gef his fairnesse nere,
+Te children alle asla+ge were.
+Tanne spak on Admirad,
Of wordes he was bald,
"Horn, +tu art wel kene,
And +tat is wel isene;
+Tu art gret and strong,
fair and euene long.
+Tu schalt waxe more
Bi fulle seue +gere.
+Gef +tu mote to liue go,
And +tine feren also,
+Gef hit so bi falle,
+Ge scholde slen vs alle.
+Taruore +tu most to stere,
+Tu and +tine ifere.
To schupe schulle +ge funde
And sinke to +te grunde.
+Te se +gou schal adrenche;
Ne schal hit us no+gt of +tinche.
For if +tu were aliue,
Wi+t swerd o+ter wi+t kniue
<P 6>
We scholden alle deie,
And +ti fader de+t abeie."
+Te children hi bro+gte to stronde,
Wringinde here honde,
Into schupes borde
At +te furste worde.
Ofte hadde horn beo wo,
At neure wurs +tan him was +to.
+Te se bigan to flowe
And hornchild to rowe.
+Te se +tat schup so faste drof,
+Te children dradde +ter of.
Hi wenden to wisse
Of here lif to misse,
Al +te day and al +te ni+gt,
Til hit sprang dai li+gt.
Til horn sa+g on +te stronde
Men gon in +te londe.
"Feren," qua+t he, "+gonge,
Ihc telle +gou ti+tinge.
<P 7>
Ihc here fo+geles singe
And +tat gras him springe.
Bli+te beo we on lyue,
Vre schup is on ryue."
Of schup hi gunne funde
And setten fout to grunde.
Bi +te se side
Hi leten +tat schup ride.
+Tanne spak him child horn,
In suddene he was iborn,
"Schup, bi +te se flode,
Daies haue +tu gode;
Bi +te se brinke
No water +te na drinke.
+Gef +tu cume to Suddenne,
Gret +tu wel of myne kenne;
Gret +tu wel my moder,
Godhild, quen +te gode.
And seie +te paene kyng,
Iesucristes wi+tering,
+tat ihc am hol and fer
On +tis lond ariued her.
<P 8>
And seie +tat hei schal fonde
+Te dent of myne honde."
+Te children +gede to Tune
Bi dales and bi dune.
Hy metten wi+t almair king,
Crist +geuen him his blessing,
King of Westernesse,
Crist +giue him Muchel blisse.
He him spac to horn child
Wordes +tat were Mild,
"Whannes beo +ge, faire gumes,
+Tat her to londe beo+t icume,
Alle +trottene 
Of bodie swi+te kene?
Bigod +tat me makede,
A swihc fair verade
Ne sau+g ihc in none stunde
Bi westene londe.
Seie me wat +ge seche."
Horn spak here speche,
He spak for hem alle,
Vor so hit moste biualle.
<P 9>
He was +te faireste 
And of wit +te beste.
"We beo+t of Suddenne,
Icome of gode kenne,
Of Cristene blode
And kynges su+te gode.
Payns +ter gunne ariue
And duden hem of lyue.
Hi slo+gen and to dro+ge
Cristenemen ino+ge.
So crist me mote rede,
Vs he dude lede
In to a galeie,
Wi+t +te se to pleie.
Dai hit is igon and o+ter
Wi+tute sail and ro+ter.
Vre schip bigan to swymme
To +tis londes brymme.
Nu +tu mi+gt vs slen, and binde
Vre honde bihynde.
Bute +gef hit beo +ti wille,
Helpe +tat we ne spille."
+Tanne spak +te gode kyng,
I wis he nas no Ni+ting,
<P 10>
"Seie me, child, what is +ti name?
Ne schaltu haue bute game."
+Te child him answerde,
Sone so he hit herde,
"Horn ihc am ihote,
Icomen vt of +te bote,
Fram +te se side,
Kyng, wel mote +te tide."
+Tanne hym spak +te gode king,
"Wel bruc +tu +tin euening.
Horn, +tu go wel schulle
Bi dales and bi hulle.
Horn, +tu lude sune
Bi dales and bi dune.
So schal +ti name springe
Fram kynge to kynge,
And +ti fairnesse
Abute Westernesse,
+Te streng+te of +tine honde
Into Eurech londe.
Horn, +tu art so swete 
Ne may ihc +te forlete."
Hom rod Aylmar +te kyng,
And horn mid him his fundyng
<P 11>
And alle his ifere,
+Tat were him so dere.
+Te kyng com in to halle
Among his kni+gtes alle; 
For+t he clupede a+telbrus,
+Tat was stiward of his hus.
"Stiwarde, tak nu here
Mi fundlyng for to lere
Of +tine mestere,
Of wude and of riuere,
And tech him to harpe
Wi+t his nayles scharpe,
Biuore me to kerue
And of +te cupe serue.
+Tu tech him of alle +te liste
+Tat +tu eure of wiste.
In his feiren +tou wise
In to o+tere seruise.
Horn +tu vnderuonge
And tech him of harpe and songe."
Ailbrus gan lere
Horn and his yfere.
<P 12>
Horn in herte la+gte
Al +tat he him ta+gte.
In +te curt and vte,
And elles al abute,
Luuede men horn child;
And mest him louede Rymenhild,
+Te kynges o+gene dofter.
He was mest in +to+gte.
Heo louede so horn child,
+Tat ne+g heo gan wexe wild;
For heo ne mi+gte at borde
Wi+t him speke no worde,
Ne no+gt in +te halle
Among +te kni+gtes alle,
Ne nowhar in non o+tere stede,
Of folk heo hadde drede,
Bi daie ne bi ni+gte,
Wi+t him speke ne mi+gte.
Hire sore+ge ne hire pine
Ne mi+gte neure fine.
In heorte heo hadde wo,
And +tus hire bi+to+gte +to.
Heo sende hire sonde
A+telbrus to honde,
<P 13>
+Tat he come hire to,
And also scholde horn do
Al in to bure,
ffor heo gan to lure.
And +te sonde seide
+Tat sik lai +tat maide,
And bad him come swi+te
For heo nas no+ting bli+te.
+Te stuard was in herte wo,
For he nuste what to do.
Wat Rymenhild hure +to+gte,
Gret wunder him +tu+gte.
Abute horn +te +gonge
To bure for to bringe,
He +to+gte upon his mode
Hit nas for none gode.
He tok him ano+ter,
Athulf, hornes bro+ter.
"A+tulf," he sede, "ri+gt anon
+Tu schalt wi+t me to bure gon,
To speke wi+t Rymenhild stille
And witen hure wille.
In hornes ilike
+Tu schalt hure biswike.
<P 14>
Sore ihc me ofdrede
He wolde horn misrede."
A+telbrus gan A+tulf lede
And in to bure wi+t him +gede.
Anon vpon A+tulf child
Rymenhild gan wexe wild.
He wende +tat horn hit were
+Tat heo hauede +tere.
Heo sette him on bedde,
Wi+t A+tulf child he wedde.
On hire armes tweie
A+tulf heo gan leie.
"Horn," qua+t heo, "wel longe
Ihc habbe +te luued stronge.
+Tu schalt +ti trew+te pli+gte
On myn hond her ri+gte,
Me to spuse holde,
And ihc +te lord to wolde."
A+tulf sede on hire ire,
So stille so hit were,
"+Ti tale nu +tu lynne,
For horn nis no+gt her inne.
<P 15>
Ne beo we no+gt iliche,
Horn is fairer and riche,
Fairer bi one ribbe
+Tane eni Man +tat libbe.
+Te+g horn were vnder Molde,
O+ter elles wher he wolde,
O+ter henne a +tusend Mile,
Ihc nolde him ne +te bigile."
Rymenhild hire biwente,
And A+telbrus fule heo schente.
"Hennes +tu go, +tu fule +teof,
Ne wurstu me neure more leof
Went vt of my bur,
Wi+t muchel mesauenteur.
Schame mote +tu fonge
And on hi+ge rode anhonge.
Ne spek ihc no+gt wi+t horn,
Nis he no+gt so vnorn.
Hor[{n{] is fairer +tane beo he,
Wi+t muchel schame mote +tu deie."
A+telbrus in a stunde
Fel anon to grunde.
"Lefdi, Min o+ge,
Li+te me a litel +tro+ge.
<P 16>
Lust whi ihc wonde
Bringe +te horn to honde.
For horn is fair and riche,
Nis no whar his iliche.
Aylmar, +te gode kyng,
Dude him on mi lokyng.
+Gef horn were her abute,
Sore y me dute
Wi+t him +ge wolden pleie
Bitwex +gou selue tweie.
+Tanne scholde wi+tuten o+te
+Te kyng maken vs wro+te.
Rymenhild, for+gef me +ti tene,
Lefdi, my quene,
And horn ihc schal +te fecche,
Wham so hit recche."
Rymenhild, +gef he cu+te,
Gan lynne wi+t hire Mu+te.
Heo makede hire wel bli+te
Wel was hire +tat si+te.
"Go nu," qua+t heo, "sone,
And send him after none
Whane +te kyng arise,
On a squieres wise.
<P 17>
To wude for to pleie.
Nis non +tat him biwreie;
He schal wi+t me bileue
Til hit beo nir eue,
To hauen of him mi wille.
After ne recchecche what me telle."
Aylbrus wende hire fro;
Horn in halle fond he +to,
Bifore +te kyng on benche,
Wyn for to schenche.
"Horn," qua+t he, "so hende,
To bure nu +tu wende,
After mete stille,
Wi+t Rymenhild to duelle.
Wordes su+te bolde
In herte +tu hem holde.
Horn, beo me wel trewe;
Ne schal hit +te neure rewe."
Horn in herte leide
Al +tat he him seide.
He +geode in wel ri+gte
To Rymenhild +te bri+gte.
<P 18>
On knes he him sette,
And sweteliche hure grette.
Of his feire si+gte
Al +te bur gan li+gte.
He spac faire speche;
Ne dorte him noman teche.
"Wel +tu sitte and softe,
Rymenhild +te bri+gte,
Wi+t +tine Maidenes sixe
+Tat +te sitte+t nixte.
Kinges stuard vre
Sende me in to bure.
Wi+t +te speke ihc scholde;
Seie me what +tu woldest.
Seie, and ich schal here,
What +ti wille were."
Rymenhild vp gan stonde
And tok him bi +te honde.
Heo sette him on pelle,
Of wyn to drinke his fulle.
Heo makede him faire chere
And tok him abute +te swere.
Ofte heo him custe,
So wel so hire luste.
<P 19>
"Horn," heo sede, "wi+tute strif
+Tu schalt haue me to +ti wif.
Horn, haue of me rew+te,
And plist me +ti trew+te."
Horn +to him bi+to+gte
What he speke mi+gte.
"Crist," qua+t he, "+te wisse,
And +giue +te heuene blisse
Of +tine husebonde,
Wher he beo in londe;
Ihc am ibore to lowe
Such wimman to knowe.
Ihc am icome of +tralle,
And fundling bifalle.
<P 20>
Ne feolle hit +te of cunde
To spuse beo me bunde.
Hit nere no fair wedding
Bitwexe a +tral and a king."
+To gan Rymenhild mis lyke,
And sore gan to sike.
Armes heo gan bu+ge;
Adun he feol iswo+ge.
Horn in herte was ful wo,
And tok hire on his armes two.
He gan hire for to kesse,
Wel ofte mid ywisse.
"Lemman," he sede, "dere,
+Tin herte nu +tu stere.
Help me to kni+gte,
Bi al +tine mi+gte
To my lord +te king,
+Tat he me +giue dubbing.
+Tanne is mi +tralhod
Iwent in to kni+gthod,
And i schal wexe more,
And do, lemman, +ti lore."
Rymenhild, +tat swete +ting,
Wakede of hire swo+gning.
<P 21>
"Horn," qua+t heo, "vel sone
+Tat schal beon idone.
+Tu schalt beo dubbed kni+gt
Are come seue ni+gt.
Haue her +tis cuppe,
And +tis Ring +ter vppe,
To Aylbrus and stuard,
And se he holde foreward.
Seie ich him biseche,
Wi+t loueliche speche,
+Tat he adun falle
Bifore +te king in halle,
And bidde +te king ari+gte
Dubbe +te to kni+gte.
Wi+t seluer and wi+t golde
Hit wur+t him wel i+golde.
Crist him lene spede
+Tin erende to bede."
Horn tok his leue,
For hit was ne+g eue.
A+telbrus he so+gte
And +gaf him +tat he bro+gte,
And tolde him ful +gare
Hu he hadde ifare,
<P 22>
And sede him his nede,
And bihet him his mede.
A+telbrus also swi+te 
Wente to halle bliue.
"Kyng," he sede, "+tu leste
A tale mid +te beste.
+Tu schalt bere crune
Tomore+ge in +tis tune. 
Tomore+ge is +ti feste;
+Ter bihoue+t geste.
Hit nere no+gt for loren
For to kni+gti child horn
+Tine armes for to welde;
God kni+gt he schal +gelde."
+Te king sede sone,
"+Tat is wel idone.
Horn me wel iqueme+t;
God kni+gt him biseme+t.
He schal haue mi dubbing
And afterward mi derling.
And alle his feren twelf
He schal kni+gten him self.
<P 23>
Alle he schal hem kni+gte
Bifore me +tis ni+gte."
Til +te li+gt of day sprang
Ailmar him +tu+gte lang.
+Te day bigan to springe, 
Horn com biuore +te kinge,
Mid his twelf yfere;
Sume hi were lu+tere.
Horn he dubbede to kni+gte 
Wi+t swerd and spures bri+gte.
He sette him on a stede whit;
+Ter nas no kni+gt hym ilik.
He smot him a litel wi+gt
And bed him beon a god kni+gt.
A+tulf fel a knes +tar
Biuore +te king Aylmar.
"King," he sede, "so kene,
Grante me a bene.
Nu is kni+g[{t{] sire horn
+Tat in suddenne was iboren.
Lord he is of londe,
Ouer us +tat bi him stonde.
+Tin armes he ha+t and scheld,
To fi+gte wi+t vpon +te feld.
<P 24>
Let him vs alle kni+gte,
For +tat is vre ri+gte."
Aylmar sede sone ywis,
"Do nu +tat +ti wille is."
Horn adun li+gte 
And makede hem alle kni+gtes.
Murie was +te feste,
Al of faire gestes.
Ac Rymenhild nas no+gt +ter,
And +tat hire +tu+gte seue +ger.
After horn heo sente,
And he to bure wente.
Nolde he no+gt go one;
A+tulf was his mone.
Rymenhild on flore stod,
Hornes come hire +tu+gte god,
And sede, "Welcome, sire horn,
And A+tulf, kni+gt +te biforn.
Kni+gt, nu is +ti time
For to sitte bi me.
Do nu +tat +tu er of spake,
To +ti wif +tume take.
Ef +tu art trewe of dedes,
Do nu ase +tu sedes.
<P 25>
Nu +tu hast wille +tine,
Vnbind me of my pine."
"Rymenhild," qua+t he, "beo stille;
Ihc wulle don al +ti wille.
Also hit mot bitide,
Mid spere ischal furst ride,
And mi kni+gthod proue,
Ar ihc +te ginne to wo+ge.
We be+t kni+gtes +gonge,
Of o dai al isprunge,
And of vre mestere
So is +te manere,
Wi+t sume o+tere kni+gte
Wel for his lemman fi+gte,
Or he eni wif take;
For +ti me stonde+t +te more rape.
Today, so crist me blesse,
Ihc wulle do pruesse
For +ti luue in +te felde,
Mid spere and mid schelde.
If ihc come te lyue,
Ihc schal +te take to wyue."
"Kni+gt," qua+t heo, "trewe,
Ihc wene ihc mai +te leue.
<P 26>
Tak nu her +tis gold ring,
God him is +te dubbing.
+Ter is vpon +te ringe
Igraue, 'Rymenhild +te +gonge.'
+Ter nis non betere anonder sunne,
+Tat eni man of telle cunne.
For my luue +tu hit were,
And on +ti finger +tu him bere.
+Te stones beo+t of suche grace,
+Tat +tu ne schalt in none place
Of none duntes beon ofdrad,
Ne on bataille beon amad,
Ef +tu loke +teran
And +tenke vpon +ti lemman.
And sire A+tulf, +ti bro+ter,
He schal haue ano+ter.
Horn, ihc +te biseche
Wi+t loueliche speche,
Crist +geue god erndinge,
+Te a+gen to bringe."
+Te kni+gt hire gan kesse,
And heo him to blesse.
<P 27>
Leue at hire he nam
And in to halle cam.
+Te kni+gtes +geden to table,
And horne +gede to stable.
+Tar he tok his gode fole,
Also blak so eny cole.
+Te fole schok +te brunie,
+Tat al +te curt gan denie.
+Te fole bigan to springe,
And horn murie to singe.
Horn rod in a while
More +tan a myle.
He fond o schup stonde
Wi+t he+tene honde.
He axede what hi so+gte,
O+ter to londe bro+gte.
An hund him gan bihelde
+Tat spac wordes belde,
"+Tis lond we wulle+g wynne,
And sle +tat +ter is inne."
<P 28>
Horn gan his swerd gripe
And on his arme wype.
+Te sarazins he smatte,
+Tat his blod hatte.
At eureche dunte
+Te heued of wente.
+To gunne +te hundes gone,
Abute horn al one.
He lokede on +te ringe,
And +to+gte on rimenilde.
He slo+g +ter on haste
On hundred bi +te laste.
Ne mi+gte noman telle
+Tat folc +tat he gan quelle.
Of alle +tat were aliue 
Ne mi+gte +ter non +triue.
Horn tok +te maisteres heued,
+Tat he hadde him bireued,
And sette hit on his swerde,
Anouen at +tan orde.
He verde hom in to halle,
Among +te kni+gtes alle.
"Kyng," he sede, "wel +tu sitte,
And alle +tine kni+gtes mitte.
<P 29>
To day, after mi dubbing,
So i rod on mi pleing,
I fond o schup Rowe,
+To hit gan to flowe,
Al wi+t sarazines kyn,
And none londisse Men.
To dai, for to pine
+Te and alle +tine.
Hi gonne me assaille.
Mi swerd me nolde faille;
I smot hem alle to grunde,
O+ter +gaf hem di+tes wunde.
+Tat heued i +te bringe
Of +te maister kinge.
Nu is +ti wile i+golde,
King, +tat +tu me kni+gti woldest."
A More+ge +to +te day gan springe,
+Te king him rod an huntinge.
At hom lefte ffikenhild,
+Tat was +te wurste moder child.
Heo ferde in to bure,
To sen auenture.
<P 30>
Heo sa+g Rymenild sitte
Also he were of witte.
Heo sat on +te sunne,
Wi+t tieres al birunne.
Horn sede, "lef +tin ore,"
Wi wepestu so sore?"
Heo sede, "no+gt i ne wepe;
Bute ase i lay aslepe,
To +te se my net icaste,
And hit nolde no+gt ilaste.
A gret fiss at +te furste,
Mi net he gan to berste.
Ihc wene +tat ihc schal leose
+Te fiss +tat ihc wolde cheose."
"Crist," qua+t horn, " and seint steuene,
Turne +tine sweuene.
Ne schal i +te biswike,
Ne do +tat +te mislike.
I schal me make +tin owe,
To holden and to knowe,
<P 31>
For eurech o+tere wi+gte;
And +tarto mi treu+te i +te pli+gte."
Muchel was +te ru+te
+Tat was at +tare tru+te,
For Rymenhild weop ille,
And horn let +te tires stille.
"Lemman," qua+t he, "dere,
+Tu schalt more ihere.
+Ti sweuen schal wende,
O+ter sum Man schal vs schende.
+Te fiss +tat brak +te lyne,
Ywis he do+t us pine.
+Tat schal don vs tene
And wur+t wel sone isene."
Aylmar rod bi sture,
And horn lai in bure.
Fykenhild hadde enuye
And sede +tes folye: - 
"Aylmar, ihc +te warne,
Horn +te wule berne.
Ihc herde whar he sede,
And his swerd for+t leide,
To bringe +te of lyue,
And take Rymenhild to wyue.
<P 32>
He li+t in bure,
Vnder couerture,
By Rymenhild, +ti do+gter;
And so he do+t wel ofte.
And +tider +tu go al ri+gt;
+Ter +tu him finde mi+gt.
+Tu do him vt of londe,
o+ter he do+t +te schonde."
Aylmar a+gen gan turne,
Wel Modi and wel Murne.
He fond horn in arme,
On Rymenhild barme.
"Awei vt," he sede, "fule +teof,
Ne wurstu me neuremore leof.
Wend vt of my bure,
Wi+t muchel messauenture.
Wel sone bute +tu flitte, 
Wi+t swerde ihc +te anhitte.
Wend ut of my londe,
O+ter +tu schalt haue schonde."
<P 33>
Horn sadelede his stede,
And his armes he gan sprede. 
His brunie he gan lace,
So he scholde, in to place.
His swerd he gan fonge;
Nabod he no+gt to longe.
He +gede for+t bliue
To Rymenhild his wyue.
He sede, "lemman, derling,
Nu hauestu +ti sweuening.
+Te fiss +tat +ti net rente,
Fram +te he me sente.
Rymenhild, haue wel godne day,
No leng abiden i ne may.
In to vncu+te londe,
Wel more for to fonde.
I schal wune +tere 
Fulle seue +gere.
At seue +geres ende,
+Gef i ne come ne sende,
<P 34>
Tak +te husebonde,
ffor me +tu ne wonde.
In armes +tu me fonge,
And kes me wel longe."
He custe him wel a stunde,
And Rymenhild feol to grunde. 
Horn tok his leue;
Ne mi+gte he no leng bileue.
He tok A+tulf, his fere,
Al abute +te swere,
And sede, "kni+gt so trewe,
Kep wel mi luue newe.
+Tu neure me ne forsoke,
Rymenhild +tu kep and loke."
His stede he gan bistride,
And for+t he gan ride.
To +te hauene he ferde,
And a god schup he hurede,
+Tat him scholde londe
In westene londe.
A+tulf weop wi+t i+ge,
And al +tat him isi+ge.
<P 35>
To lond he him sette,
And fot on stirop sette.
He fond bi +te weie,
Kynges sones tweie;
+Tat on him het harild,
And +tat o+ter berild.
Berild gan him preie
+Tat he scholde him seie
What his name were,
And what he wolde +tere.
"Cutberd," he sede, "ihc hote,
Icomen vt of +te bote,
Wel feor fram bi weste,
To seche mine beste."
Berild gan him nier ride,
And tok him bi +te bridel.
"Wel beo +tu, kni+gt, ifounde;
Wi+t me +tu lef a stunde.
Also mote i sterue,
+Te king +tu schalt serue.
Ne sa+g i neure my lyue
So fair kni+gt aryue."
Cutberd heo ladde in to halle,
And he a kne gan falle.
<P 36>
He sette him a knewelyng,
And grette wel +te gode kyng.
+Tanne sede Berild sone,
"Sire king, of him +tu hast to done.
Bitak him +ti lond to werie;
Ne schat hit noman derie,
For he is +te faireste man
+Tat eure+gut on +ti londe cam."
+Tanne sede +te king so dere,
"Welcome beo +tu here.
Go nu, Berild, swi+te,
And make him ful bli+te.
And whan +tu farst to wo+ge,
Tak him +tine gloue.
Iment +tu hauest to wyue,
Awai he schal +te dryue;
For Cutberdes fairhede
Ne schal +te neure wel spede."
Hit was at Cristesmasse,
Nei+ter more ne lasse,
+Ter cam in at none,
A Geaunt su+te sone,
<P 37>
Iarmed fram paynyme,
And seide +tes ryme: - 
"Site stille, sire kyng,
And herkne +tis ty+tyng.
Her bu+t paens ariued,
Wel mo +tane fiue.
Her beo+t on +te sonde,
King, vpon +ti londe.
On of hem wile fi+gte
A+gen +tre kni+gtes.
+Gef o+ter +tre slen vre,
Al +tis lond beo +goure;
+Gef vre on ouercome+t +gour +treo,
Al +tis lond schal vre beo.
Tomore+ge be +te fi+gtinge,
Whan +te li+gt of daye springe."
+Tanne sede +te kyng +turston,
"Cutberd schal beo +tat on;
Berild schal beo +tat o+ter;
+Te +tridde, Alrid, his bro+ter.
For hi beo+t +te strengeste,
And of armes +te beste.
Bute what schal vs to rede?
Ihc wene we be+t alle dede." 
<P 38>
Cutberd sat at borde,
And sede +tes wordes: - 
"Sire king, hit nis no ri+gte,
On wi+t +tre to fi+gte;
A+gen one hunde,
+Tre cristen men to fonde.
Sire, i schal al one,
Wi+tute more ymone,
Wi+t mi swerd wel e+te
Bringe hem +tre to de+te."
+Te kyng aros a more+ge,
+Tat hadde muchel sor+ge;
And Cutberd ros of bedde,
Wi+t armes he him schredde.
Horn his brunie gan on caste,
And lacede hit wel faste,
And cam to +te kinge,
At his vp risinge.
"King," he sede, "cum to fel[{de{] ,
For to bihelde
Hu we fi+gte schulle,
And togare go wulle."
Ri+gt at prime tide,
Hi gunnen ut ride,
<P 39>
And funden on a grene,
A geaunt su+te kene,
His feren him biside,
Hore de+t to abide.
+Teilke bataille
Cutberd gan assaille.
He +gaf dentes ino+ge;
+Te kni+gtes felle iswo+ge.
His dent he gan wi+tdra+ge,
For hi were ne+g asla+ge.
And sede, "kni+gtes, nu +ge reste
One while, ef +gou leste."
Hi sede, "hi neure nadde
Of kni+gte dentes so harde.
He was of hornes kunne,
Iborn in suddenne."
Horn him gan to agrise,
And his blod arise.
Biuo him sa+g he stonde
+Tat driuen him of londe,
And +tat his fader slo+g.
To him his swerd he dro+g.
<P 40>
He lokede on his rynge,
And +to+gte on Rymenhilde.
He smot him +ture+g +te herte,
+Tat sore him gan to smerte.
+Te paens +tat er were so sturne,
Hi gunne awei vrne.
Horn and his compaynye
Gunne after hem wel swi+te hi+ge,
And slo+gen alle +te hundes,
Er hi here schipes funde.
To de+te he hem alle bro+gte;
His fader de+t wel dere hi bo+gte.
Of alle +te kynges kni+gtes,
Ne scapede +ter no wi+gte.
<P 41>
Bute his sones tweie
Bifore him he sa+g deie.
+Te king bigan to grete,
And teres for to lete.
Me leiden hem in bare,
And burden hem ful +gare.
+Te king com in to halle,
Among his kni+gtes alle.
"Horn," he sede, "i seie +te,
Do as i schal rede +te.
Asla+gen be+t mine heirs,
And +tu art kni+gt of muchel pris,
And of grete streng+te,
And fair o bodie leng+te.
Mi Rengne +tu schalt welde,
And to spuse helde
Reynild, mi do+gter,
+Tat sitte+t on +te lofte."
"O sire king, wi+t wronge
Scholte ihc hit vnderfonge.
+Ti do+gter +tat +ge me bede,
Ower rengne for to lede.
<P 42>
Welmore ihc schal +te serue,
Sire kyng, or +tu sterue.
+Ti sorwe schal wende
Or seue +geres ende.
Wanne hit is wente,
Sire king, +gef me mi rente.
Whanne i +ti do+gter +gerne,
Ne schaltu me hire werne."
Cutberd wonede +tere
Fulle seue +gere,
+Tat to Rymenild he ne sente,
Ne him self ne wente.
Rymenild was in Westernesse,
Wi+t wel muchel sorinesse.
A king +ter gan ariue
+Tat wolde hire haue to wyue.
Aton he was wi+t +te king,
Of +tat ilke wedding.
+Te daies were schorte,
+Tat Riminhild ne dorste
Leten in none wise.
A writ he dude deuise;
<P 43>
A+tulf hit dude write,
+Tat horn ne luuede no+gt lite.
Heo sende hire sonde
To euereche londe,
To seche horn, +te kni+gt,
+Ter me him finde mi+gte.
Horn no+gt +ter of ne herde,
Til, o dai +tat he ferde
To wude for to schete,
A knaue he gan imete.
Horn seden, "Leue fere,
Wat sechestu here?"
"Kni+gt, if beo +ti wille,
I mai +te sone telle.
I seche fram bi weste,
Horn of westernesse,
For a Maiden Rymenhild
+Tat for him gan wexe wild.
A king hire wile wedde,
And bringe to his bedde,
King Modi of Reynes,
On of hornes enemis.
Ihc habbe walke wide
Bi +te se side,
<P 44>
Nis he no war ifunde,
Walawai +te stunde.
Wailaway +te while,
Nu wur+t Rymenild bigiled."
Horn iherde wi+t his ires,
And spak wi+t bidere tires,
"Knaue, wel +te bitide,
Horn stonde+t +te biside.
A+gen to hure +tu turne,
And seie +tat heo ne murne,
For i schal beo +ter bitime,
A soneday bi pryme."
+Te knaue was wel bli+te,
And hi+gede a+gen bliue.
+Te se bigan to +tro+ge
Vnder hire wo+ge.
+Te knaue +ter gan adrinke;
Rymenhild hit mi+gte of +tinke.
Rymenhild vndude +te dure pin
Of +te hus +ter heo was in,
<P 45>
To loke wi+t hire i+ge,
If heo o+gt of horn isi+ge.
+To fond heo +te knaue adrent
+Tat he hadde for horn isent,
And +tat scholde horn bringe;
Hire fingres he gan wringe.
Horn cam to +turston +te kyng,
And tolde him +tis ti+ting.
+To he was iknowe
+Tat Rimenh[{ild{] was hise o+ge,
Of his gode kenne,
+Te king of suddenne,
And hu he slo+g in felde
+Tat his fader quelde,
And seide, "king +te wise,
+Geld me mi seruise.
Rymenhild help me winne;
+Tat +tu no+gt ne linne,
And i schal do to spuse
+Ti do+gter wel to huse.
Heo schal to spuse haue
A+tulf, mi gode fela+ge,
God kni+gt mid +te beste,
And +te treweste."
<P 46>
+Te king sede so stille,
"Horn, haue nu +ti wille."
He dude writes sende
Into yrlonde,
After kni+gtes li+gte,
Irisse men to fi+gte.
To horn come ino+ge,
+Tat to schupe dro+ge.
Horn dude him in +te weie,
On a god Galeie.
+Te him gan to blowe
In a litel +tro+ge.
+Te se bigan to posse
Ri+gt in to Westernesse.
Hi strike seil and maste,
And Ankere gunne caste,
Or eny day was sprunge
O+ter belle irunge.
+Te word bigan to springe
Of Rymenhilde weddinge.
Horn was in +te watere;
Ne mi+gte he come no latere.
He let his schup stonde,
And +gede to londe.
<P 47>
His folk he dude abide
Vnder wude side.
Hor[{n{] him +gede alone,
also he sprunge of stone. 
A palmere he +tar mette,
And faire hine grette.
"Palmere, +tu schalt me telle
Al of +tine spelle."
He sede vpon his tale,
"I come fram o brudale,
Ihc was at o wedding
Of a Maide Rymenhild.
Ne mi+gte heo adri+ge
+Tat heo ne weop wi+t i+ge.
Heo sede +tat 'heo nolde
Ben ispused wi+t golde;
Heo hadde on husebonde,
+Te+g he were vt of londe.'
And in strong halle,
Bi+tinne castel walle,
<P 48>
+Ter i was atte +gate;
Nolde hi me in late.
Modi ihote hadde
To bure +tat me hire ladde.
Awai i gan glide;
+Tat deol i nolde abide.
+Te bride wepe+t sore,
And +tat is muche deole!"
Qua+t horn, "So crist me rede,
We schulle chaungi wede.
Haue her clo+tes myne,
And tak me +ti sclauyne.
Today i schal +ter drinke,
+Tat some hit schulle of+tinke."
His sclauyn he dude dun legge,
And tok hit on his rigge.
He tok horn his clo+tes,
+Tat nere him no+gt lo+te.
Horn tok burdon and scrippe,
And wrong his lippe. 
He makede him a ful chere,
And al bicolmede his swere.
He makede him vn bicomelich;
Hes he nas neuremore ilich.
<P 49>
He com to +te gateward,
+Tat him answerede hard.
Horn bad undo softe,
Mani tyme and ofte.
Ne mi+gte he awynne
+Tat he come +terinne.
Horn gan to +te +gate turne,
And +tat wiket vnspurne. 
+Te boye hit scholde abugge;
Horn +treu him ouer +te brigge,
+Tat his ribbes him to brake;
And su+t+te com in atte gate.
He sette him wel lo+ge,
In beggeres rowe.
He lokede him abute,
Wi+t his colmie snute.
He se+g Rymenhild sitte
Ase heo were of witte,
Sore wepinge and +gerne;
Ne mi+gte hure noman wurne.
He lokede in eche halke;
Ne se+g he nowhar walke
A+tulf his felawe,
+Tat he cu+te knowe.
<P 50>
A+tulf was in +te ture,
Abute for to pure
After his comynge,
+Gef schup him wolde bringe.
He se+g +te se flowe,
And horn nowar rowe.
He sede vpon his songe,
"Horn, nu +tu ert wel longe.
Rymenhild +tu me toke,
+Tat i scholde loke.
Ihc habbe kept hure eure;
Com nu o+ter neure.
I ne may no leng hure kepe;
For sore+ge nu y wepe."
Rymenhild Ros of benche,
Wyn for to schenche,
After mete in sale,
Bo+te wyn and ale.
On horn he bar an honde,
So la+ge was in londe.
Kni+gtes and squier
Alle dronken of +te ber;
Bute horn al one
Nadde +terof no mone.
<P 51>
Horn sat vpon +te grunde;
Him +tu+gte he was ibunde.
He sede, "quen so hende,
To meward +tu wende.
+Tu +gef vs wi+t +te furste;
+Te beggeres beo+t of +turste."
Hure horn heo leide adun,
And fulde him of a brun,
His bolle of a galun,
For heo wende he were a glotoun.
He seide, "haue +tis cuppe,
And +tis +ting +ter vppe.
Ne sa+g ihc neure, so ihc wene,
Beggere +tat were so kene."
Horn tok hit his ifere,
And sede, "quen so dere,
Wyn nelle ihc, Muche ne lite,
Bute of cuppe white.
+Tu wenest i beo a beggere,
And ihc am a fissere,
Wel feor icome bi este,
For fissen at +ti feste.
Mi net li+t her bi honde,
Bi a wel fair stronde.
<P 52>
Hit ha+t ileie +tere
Fulle seue +gere.
Ihc am icome to loke
Ef eni fiss hit toke.
Ihc am icome to fisse;
Drink to me of disse.
Drink to horn of horne,
Feor ihc am i orne."
Rymenhild him gan bihelde;
Hire heorte bigan to chelde.
Ne kneu heo no+gt his fissing,
Ne horn hymselue no+ting;
Ac wunder hire gan +tinke,
Whi he bad to horn drinke.
Heo fulde hire horn wi+t wyn,
And dronk to +te pilegrym.
Heo sede, "drink +ti fulle,
And su+t+te +tu me telle
If +tu eure isi+ge
Horn vnder wude li+ge."
Horn dronk of horn a stunde,
And +treu +te ring to grunde.
<P 53>
+Te quen +gede to bure,
Wi+t hire maidenes foure.
+To fond heo what heo wolde,
A ring igrauen of golde,
+Tat horn of hure hadde.
Sore hure dradde
+Tat horn isteue were,
For +te Ring was +tere.
+To sente heo a damesele
After +te palmere.
"Palmere," qua+t heo, "trewe,
+Te ring +tat +tu +trewe,
+Tu seie whar +tu hit nome,
And whi +tu hider come."
He sede, "bi seint gile,
Ihc habbe go mani Mile,
Wel feor bi +gonde weste,
To seche my beste.
I fond horn child stonde,
To schupeward in londe.
<P 54>
He sede he wolde agesse
to ariue in westernesse.
+Te schip nam to +te flode,
Wi+t me and horn +te gode.
Horn was sik and deide,
And faire he me preide,
'Go wi+t +te ringe,
To Rymenhild +te +gonge.'
Ofte he hit custe, 
God +geue his saule reste."
Rymenhild sede at +te furste,
"Herte, nu +tu berste,
For horn nastu namore,
+Tat +te ha+t pined +te so sore."
Heo feol on hire bedde
+Ter heo knif hudde,
To sle wi+t king lo+te,
And hure selue bo+te,
In +tat vlke ni+gte,
If horn come ne mi+gte.
To herte knif he sette;
Ac horn anon hire kepte.
<P 55>
He wipede +tat blake of his swere,
And sede, "Quen so swete and dere,
Ihc am horn +tino+ge;
Ne canstu me no+gt knowe?
Ihc am horn of westernesse;
In armes +tu me cusse."
Hi custe hem mid ywisse,
And makeden Muche blisse.
"Rymenhild," he sede, "ywende
Adun to +te wudes ende.
+Ter be+t myne kni+gtes,
Redi to fi+gte,
Iarmed vnder clo+te.
Hi schulle make wro+te
+Te king and his geste
+Tat come to +te feste.
Today i schal hem teche,
And sore hem areche."
Horn sprong ut of halle,
And let his sclauin falle.
+Te quen +gede to bure,
And fond A+tulf in ture.
"A+tulf," heo sede, "be bli+te,
And to horn +tu go wel swi+te.
<P 56>
He is vnder wude bo+ge,
And wi+t him kni+gtes Ino+ge."
A+tulf bigan to springe
For +te ti+tinge.
After horn he arnde anon,
Also +tat hors mi+gte gon.
He him ouertok ywis;
Hi makede sui+te Muchel blis.
Horn tok his preie,
And dude him in +te weie.
He com in wel sone,
+Te +gates were vndone,
Iarmed ful +tikke
Fram fote to +te nekke.
Alle +tat were +terin,
Bi+tute his twelf ferin
And +te king Aylmare,
He dude hem alle to kare
+Tat at +te feste were.
Here lif hi lete +tere.
Horn ne dude no wunder
Of ffikenhildes false tunge.
Hi sworen o+tes holde,
+Tat neure ne scholde
<P 57>
Horn neure bitraie,
+Te+g he at di+te laie.
Hi Runge +te belle,
+Te wedlak for to felle.
Horn him +gede with his,
To +te kinges palais.
+Ter was brid and ale suete,
For riche men +ter ete.
Telle ne mi+gte tunge
+Tat gle +tat +ter was sunge.
Horn sat on chaere,
And bad hem alle ihere.
"King," he sede, "+tu luste
A tale mid +te beste.
I ne seie hit for no blame,
Horn is mi name.
+Tu me to kni+gt houe,
And kni+gthod haue proued.
To +te king men seide
+Tat i +te bitraide;
<P 58>
+Tu makedest me fleme,
And +ti lond to reme.
+Tu wendest +tat iwro+gte
+Tat y neure ne +to+gte,
Bi Rymenhild for to ligge,
And +tat i wi+tsegge.
Ne schal ihc hit biginne,
Til i suddene winne.
+Tu kep hure a stunde,
+Te while +tat i funde
In to min heritage
And to mi baronage.
+Tat lond i schal ofreche,
And do mi fader wreche.
I schal beo king of tune,
And bere kinges crune.
+Tanne schal Rymenhilde
Ligge bi +te kinge."
Horn gan to schupe dra+ge,
Wi+t his yrisse fela+ges.
A+tulf wi+t him his bro+ter;
Nolde he non o+ter.
+Tat schup bigan to crude,
+Te wind him bleu lude.
<P 59>
Bi+tinne daies fiue
+Tat schup gan ariue,
Abute middelni+gte.
Horn him +gede wel ri+gte.
He tok a+tulf bi honde,
And vp he +gede to londe.
Hi founde vnder schelde,
A kni+gte hende in felde.
+Te kni+gt him aslepe lay
Al biside +te way.
Horn him gan to take,
And sede, "kni+gt, awake.
Seie what +tu kepest,
And whi +tu her slepest.
Me +tink+t, bi +tine crois li+gte,
+Tat +tu longest to vre dri+gte.
Bute +tu wule me schewe,
I schal +te to hewe."
+Te gode kni+gt vp aros;
Of +te wordes him gros.
<P 60>
He sede, "ihc haue, a+genes my wille,
Payns ful ylle.
Ihc was cristene a while,
+To i com to +tis ille
Sarazins blake,
+Tat dude me forsake.
On Crist ihc wolde bileue;
On him hi makede me reue,
To kepe +tis passage
Fram horn +tat is of age,
+Tat wunie+t bi este,
Kni+gt wi+t +te beste.
Hi slo+ge wi+t here honde,
+Te king of +tis londe,
And wi+t him fele hundred.
And +terof is wunder
+Tat he ne come+t to fi+gte;
God sende him +te ri+gte,
And wind him hider driue,
To bringe hem of liue.
Hi slo+gen kyng Murry,
Hornes fader, king hendy.
Horn hi vt of londe sente;
Tuelf fela+ges wi+t him wente,
<P 61>
Among hem a+tulf +te gode,
Min o+gene child, my leue fode.
Ef horn child is hol and sund,
And A+tulf bi+tute wund,
He luue+t him so dere,
And is him so stere,
Mi+gte iseon hem tueie,
For ioie i scholde deie."
"Kni+gt, beo +tanne bli+te,
Mest of alle si+te.
Horn and A+tulf his fere,
Bo+te hi ben here."
To horn he gan gon, 
And grette him anon.
Muche ioie hi makede +tere,
+Te while hi togadere were.
"Childre," he sede, "hu habbe +ge fare?
+Tat ihc +gou se+g hit is ful +gare.
Wulle +ge +tis londe winne,
And sle +tat +ter is inne?"
He sede, "leue horn child,
+Gitt lyue+t +ti moder Godhild.
<P 62>
Of ioie heo miste,
If heo +te aliue wiste."
Horn sede on his rime,
"Iblessed beo +te time
I com to suddenne,
Wi+t mine irisse menne.
We schulle +te hundes teche
To speken vre speche.
Alle we hem schulle sle,
And al quic hem fle."
Horn gan his horn to blowe;
His folk hit gan iknowe.
Hi comen vt of stere,
Fram hornes banere.
Hi slo+gen and fu+gten,
+Te ni+gt and +te v+gten.
+Te Sarazins cunde,
Ne lefde +ter non in +tende.
Horn let wurche
Chapeles and chirche;
<P 63>
He let belles ringe,
And Masses let singe.
He com to his Moder halle,
In a roche walle.
Corn he let serie,
And makede feste merie.
Murie lif he wro+gte;
Rymenhild hit dere bo+gte.
Fikenhild was prut on herte,
And +tat him dude smerte.
+Gonge he +gaf and elde,
Mid him for to helde.
Ston he dude lede,
+Ter he hopede spede.
Strong castel he let sette,
Mid see him biflette.
+Ter ne mi+gte li+gte
Bute fo+gel wi+t fli+gte;
<P 64>
Bute whanne +te see wi+t dro+ge,
Mi+gte come men yno+ge.
Fikenhild gan wende
Rymenhild to schende.
To wo+ge he gan hure +gerne;
+Te kyng ne dorste him werne.
Rymenhild was ful of mode;
He wep teres of blode. 
+Tat ni+gt horn gan swete,
And heuie for to mete
Of Rymenhild his make,
Into schupe was itake.
+Te schup bigan to blenche;
His lemman scholde adrenche.
Rymenhild wi+t hire honde
Wolde vp to londe.
Fikenhild a+gen hire pelte
Wi+t his swerdes hilte.
<P 65>
Horn him wok of slape,
So a man +tat hadde rape.
"A+tulf," he sede, "fela+ge,
To schupe we mote dra+ge.
Fikenhild me ha+t idon vnder,
And Rymenhild to do wunder.
Crist, for his wundes fiue,
To ni+gt me +tuder driue."
Horn gan to schupe Ride,
His feren him biside.
Fikenhild, or +te dai gan springe,
Al ri+gt he ferde to +te kinge,
After Rymenhild +te bri+gte,
To wedden hire bi ni+gte.
He ladde hure bi +te derke,
Into his nywe werke.
+Te feste hi bigunne,
Er +tat ros +te sunne.
Er +tane horn hit wiste,
To fore +te sunne vpriste.
His schup stod vnder ture,
At Rymenhilde bure.
<P 66>
Rymenhild, litel wene+t heo
+Tat Horn +tanne aliue beo.
+Te castel +tei ne knewe,
For he was so nywe.
Horn fond sittinde Arnoldin,
+Tat was A+tulfes cosin,
+Tat +ter was in +tat tide,
Horn for tabide.
"Horn kni+gt," he sede, "kinges sone,
Wel beo +tu to londe icome.
Today ha+t y wedde fikenhild,
+Ti swete lemman, Rymenhild.
Ne schal i +te lie;
He ha+t giled +te twie.
+Tis tur he let make
Al for +tine sake.
Ne mai +ter come inne
Noman wi+t none ginne.
Horn, nu crist +te wisse,
Of Rymenhild +tat +tu ne misse."
Horn cu+te al +te liste
+Tat eni man of wiste.
<P 67>
Harpe he gan schewe,
And tok fela+ges fewe,
Of kni+gtes sui+te snelle,
+Tat schrudde hem at wille.
Hi +geden bi +te grauel,
Toward +te castel.
Hi gunne murie singe,
And makede here gleowinge.
Rymenhild hit gan ihere,
And axede what hi were.
Hi sede hi weren harpurs,
And sume were gigours.
He dude horn in late,
Ri+gt at halle gate.
He sette him on +te benche,
His harpe for to clenche.
He makede Rymenhilde lay,
And heo makede walaway.
Rymanhild feol yswo+ge;
Ne was +ter non +tat lou+ge.
Hit smot to hornes herte
So bitere +tat hit smerte.
<P 68>
He lokede on +te ringe,
And +to+gte on Rymenhilde.
He +gede vp to borde,
Wi+t gode suerdes orde.
Fikenhildes crune
+Ter ifulde adune,
And al his men arowe
Hi dude adun +trowe!
Whanne hi weren asla+ge,
Fikenhild hi dude to dra+ge.
Horn makede Arnoldin +tare
King, after king Aylmare,
Of al westernesse,
For his meoknesse.
+Te king and his homage
+Geuen Arnoldin trewage.
Horn tok Rymenhild bi +te honde,
And ladde hure to +te stronde,
And ladde wi+t him A+telbrus,
+Te gode stuard of his hus.
+Te se bigan to flowe,
And horn gan to Rowe.
Hi gunne for ariue
+Ter king modi was sire.
<P 69>
A+telfrus he makede +ter king,
For his gode teching.
He +gaf alle +te kni+gtes ore,
For horn kni+gtes lore.
Horn gan for to ride;
+Te wind him bleu wel wide.
He ariuede in yrlonde,
+Ter he wo fondede.
+Ter he dude A+tulf child
Wedden maide Reynild.
Horn com to suddenne,
Among al his kenne.
Rymenhild he makede his quene,
So hit mi+gte wel beon.
Alfolk hem mi+gte rewe,
+Tat loueden hem so trewe;
Nu ben hi bo+te dede;
Crist to heuene hem lede.
Her ende+t +te tale of horn
+Tat fair was and no+gt vnorn.
Make we vs glade Eure among,
For +tus him ende+t hornes song.
Jesus +tat is of heuene king,
+Geue vs alle his suete blessing.
(\EX-PLI-CIT.\) Amen. 



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<M 1250-1350>
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<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN/FRENCH>
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[^THE EARLIEST COMPLETE ENGLISH PROSE PSALTER.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 97.
ED. K. D. BUELBRING.
LONDON, 1891. 
PP. 50.25  - 55.24   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 66.9   - 75.19   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 118.12 - 171.6   (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 50>
[}PSALM 41 [\(42)\] .}]

   1. As +te hert de-siret to +te welles of waters, so          #
de-sired my soule to 
+te, Lord.
<P 51>
   2. And my soule +trefe vnto God, welle liueand, whan ich     #
shal cum
and apere to-fore +te face of God.
   3. Mi teres were to me loues day and ny+gt, +ter-wyles +tat  #
man seid to
me ich day, Where hys +ty God?
   4. Ich by-+tou+gt of +te +tynges, and priked in me my        #
soule; for hy shal
passen in-to +te stede of purgatorij ful of pines, ri+gt vn-to  #
heuen.
   5. +Te soune of +te ioiand ys in +te voice of ioie and of    #
shrift. 
   6. Ha +tou my soule, why ertou sori, & why trubles tou me?
   7. Hope in God, for y shal +gete shriue vnto hym; he his     #
hel+te of my
gost and my God.
   8. Myn soule is trubled vn-to my seluen; for-+ty, Lord, y    #
shal be
+tenchand on +te, God, of +te tur[{n{]ing of folke of +te       #
londe of Jordan and
of +te folke of +te littel hille of Hermon.
   9. Helle blame+t +te fendes for +ty de+t of +te croice.
   10. Alle +tyn lorde-shippes and +ty techynges passeden up    #
me.
   11. In daie our Lord sent his mercy and on ny+gt his         #
confort.
   12. Lord, +te oreison of my lif is to +te; ha Lord, y sai,   #
+Tou ert my 
taker.
   13. Whi hastou for+geten me, and whi am ich sory,            #
+ter-whiles +tat myn
enemy tourmente+t me?
   14. +Ter-whiles +tat my+gtes ben frusced, myn enemys, +tat   #
trublen me,
reproued me;
   15. +Ter-whiles +tat hij seiden to me vuch daye, Were is     #
+ty God?
   16. Ha +tou my soule, whi ar-tou sori, and whi trubles tou   #
me?
   17. Hope in God, for i shal +git schryue to hym; he his      #
hel+te of mi
gost and my God.

<P 52>
[}PSALM 42 [\(43)\] .}]

   1. Iugge me, Lord, and defende my cause fram folke nou+gt    #
holy, and
defende me fram +te wicked man and +te trecherous.
   2. For +tou art Gode, my streng+te; whi puttestou me out?    #
and whi
goe ich sorwand, +ter-whiles +tat myn enemy tourmente+t me?
   3. Sende out +ty ly+gt and +ty so+tenes; hij ladden me out,  #
and ladde
men me in-to +ty holi hylle and in-to +ty tabernacles.
   4. And y shal entre unto Goddes auter; to God, +tat make+t   #
glade my
+ting+te.
   5. Ha God, my God, y shal schryue me to +te in +te in-mast   #
of myn
hert; ha +tou my soule, whi er tou sori, and why trublestou me?
   6. Hope in God, for +gete y shal shryue to hym; he is        #
[{hel+t{] of my gost
and my God.  

[}PSALM 43 [\(44)\] .}]

   1. Ha God, we herden wy+t our eren; our fadres telden vs
   2. +Te werke, +tat tou wrou+gt in her daies and in olde      #
daies.
   3. +Tyn honde desparplist +te folke, and +tou settest hem;   #
+tou 
tourmentedest         
folkes, and puttedest hem out of here pride. 
   4. For hij ne shul nou+gt haue +ter+te in swerde, and her    #
my+gt ne shal
nou+gt sauen hem,
   5. Ac +ty god-hede and +ty my+gt and +te li+gt of +ty face;  #
for +tou plesed
to hem.
   6. +Tou +ty-self art my God and my kyng, +tat sendest        #
hel+tes to Jakob.
<P 53> 
   7. Wh[{e{] shul chace oway our enemys +tur+g force in +te,   #
and we shul 
despysen in +ty name +te arisand o+gains us.
   8. For y ne shal nou+gt hopen in my waityng; and my swerde   #
ne shal
nou+gt sauen me.
   9. For +tou sauedest vs [{fram hem +tat turmented vs{] ,     #
and +tou confounded
hem +tat hateden vs.
   10. Whe shul ben heried in God al day, and whe shul shryue   #
in +ty
name in +te worled.
   11. For-[{s{]o+te +tou puttedest us now oway, and            #
confoundedest us; and 
+tou, God, ne shal nou+gt go out in our vertu+g.
   12. +Tou turnedest vs by-hynde rygge efter our enemis; and   #
hij +tat 
hated vs rauissed vs to hem selue.
   13. +Tou ladest vs as shepe of metes; and +tou desparplist   #
vs amonge folkes.
   14. +Tou seldest +ty folk wy+t-outen pris; and multitude     #
nas nou+gt in 
chaungynges of hem.
   15. +Tou laidest us in liknes to folkes, stireing of heued   #
in folkes.
   16. +Tou settest us [{r{]epruse to our ne+gburs,             #
vndernimyng and scorne
to hem +tat ben in our cumpas.
   17. Aldai my shame is o+gains me, and confusion of my face   #
ha+t
couered me. 
   18. Fram +te voice of +te reproceand and +te o+gains         #
spekand, fram +te face
of +te enemy and of +te pursuand.
   19. Alle +tes +tynges comen up us; and we ne for+gate +te    #
nou+gt, and
we did nou+gt yuel in +ty testament.
   20. And our hert ne departed nou+gt o+gain-ward; and +tou    #
bowedest +tyn
bysties fram +ty waie.
   21. For +tou lowed vs in stede of turment; and shadew of     #
de+t couered vs.
<P 54>
   22. +Gyf we for+gate +te name of our Lord, and putten        #
for+te our hondes to 
a strange God,
   23. It is to witen, +gif God shal nou+gt asken +tes          #
+tynges; for he knewe
+te hidynges of +te hert.
   24. For we ben slayn al dai for +te; we ben holden bi as     #
shepe of
sla+gtter.
   25. Arise vp, Lord; whi dwellestou? arise vp, and ne put vs  #
nou+gt 
oway in endynge.
   26. Whi turnestou +ty face oway? +tou for-+getest our        #
me[{s{]ais and our
tribulacioun.
   27. For our soule is lowed in poudre, and our wombe is       #
deuoured
to-gideres in +ter+te.
   28. Arise up, Lord, and helpe vs; and bigge vs a+gayn for    #
+ty name.

[}PSALM 44 [\(45)\] .}]

   1. Myn hert put out gode worde; y saye my werkes to +te      #
kynge
of glorie. 
   2. My tunge is penne of +te scriuayn swiflich wrytand.
   3. Fair artou, Christ, in fourme to-fore mennes sones;       #
grace is shadde
in +ty lippes; for-+ty blisced God +te wy+t-outen ende.
   4. Be +tou girded wy+t +ty my+gt, aldermy+gtfullichest, up   #
+ty folke.
   5. +Gyf entent godelich, and go for+te, and regne in +ty     #
cumlichenes
and in +ty fairnes,
   6. For so+tnes and softnes and ri+g[{t{]fulnes; and +ty      #
pouste shal laden +te
wonderfulliche.
   7. +Ty manaces ben sharp; folke shul fallen vnder +te vnto   #
+te hertes of
+te kynges enemys.
<P 55>
   8. Ha God, +ty sege is in +te worlde of worldes; +te +gerde  #
of drescing is
+gerde of [{+ty{] kyngdome.
   9. +Tou louedest ri+gtfulnes, and hatest wickednes;          #
+ter-for God, +ty God,
anoint +te wy+t oile of ioie to-for +ty felawes.
   10. Myrre and gutte and smel ben of +ty uestiment, of +ty    #
[{houses{] of heuen,
of which +te gode soules delite[{den{] +te in +tyn honur.
   11. +Te quene stode at +ty ry+gt half in gildan clo+tyng,    #
encompassed
alabouten wy+t selcou+tnesse.
   12. Here +tou, soule, and se, and bowe +tyn ere, and         #
for-+gete +ty fole
+to+gtes and +te substaunces of +ty fader.
   13. And +te kyng shal couait +t[{y{] fairhede; for he is     #
+te Lord, +ty God,
and [{+te folk shul wor+tship hym.{]
   14. [{And +te sones of Tyre & alle +te ryche of{] +te folke  #
shal praien +ty
semblant in +gyftos.
   15. Alle his glorie wy+t-innen hym is of +te soule of God    #
of grete ioies,
couered a-boute wy+t meruailous +tynge.
   16. Maidenes shal be brou+gt to God efter hym, and hys next  #
shul ben 
brou+gt to +te.
   17. Hii shul ben brou+gt in-to gladnes and ioie, and shul    #
ben brou+gt in-to
+te ioie of God.
   18. Sones ben born to +te for +ty fadres; +tou shalt         #
stablisse hem princes
vp alle +ter+te.
   19. For-+ty +te folkes shul shriue to +te wy+t-outen ente    #
in +ty world
of wordles.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 66>
[}PSALM 55 [\(56)\] .}]

   1. Haue mercy on me God, for man ha+t defouled me; +te       #
fende trubled
me, fe+gtand alday o+gayns me.
   2. Myn enemys defouled m[{e{] alday, for many were fe+gtand  #
o+gains me.
   3. Y shal drede +te fram +te he+gt of +te daye; y for-so+te  #
shal hope in +te.
   4. Hij shal hery my wordes [{in God, ich hoped in God; y ne  #
shal
nou+gt dreden,{] what manes flesshe do+t to me.
   5. Alday +te wicked acurseden myn wordes o+gains me; alle    #
her +toutes
ben in iuel.
   6. Hij shul wonen in helle, and +ter hij shul hiden hem,     #
and hij shul
kepen mi d[{e{]-fouleing.
   7. As hij tempteden my soule, for nou+gt +tou shalt make     #
hem sauf; and
+tou shalt bring to nou+gt +tes folkes in +tyn ire.
   8. Ha God, ich telde my lyf to +te; +tou laidest min teres   #
in +ty sy+gt.
   9. As in +ty bihest shul +tan myn enemys be turned           #
o+gain-ward. 
   10. In wat daye +tat ich cleped to +te, se! icham aknow      #
+tat +tou art 
my God.
<P 67>
   11. Y shal herien worde in +te, God, y shal heryen worde in  #
+te, Lord;
ich hopede in +te, God; y shal nou+gt drede, what man do+t to   #
me.
   12. Ha God, +ty desires ben in me, for which y shal +gelde   #
to +te heryynges.
   13. For +tou deliuered my soule fram helle and myn fete      #
fram slydynge,
+tan ich plese to-fore God in +te ly+gt of hem +tat ben saued.
   
[}PSALM 56 [\(57)\] .}]

   1. Haue mercy on me, God, haue mercy on me; for my soule     #
affie+t
in +te.
   2. And ich shal hope in +te my+gt of +ty grace, +ter-whiles  #
+tat my
wickednesses passe.
   3. Y shal crye to +te God alderhe+gest, to God +tat did      #
wele to me.
   4. He sent his sone fram heuen, and deliuered me out of      #
helle, and +gaf
in reproceinge +te defouland me.
   5. God sent fram heuen his mercy and his so+tenes, and       #
deliuered my
soule fram sharpnes of tourmentes of fendes; and ich dwelled    #
trubled.
   6. Mennes sones han her werkes hard and sharp, and her       #
tunges
ben sharp swerdes.
   7. Be +tou, God, anhe+ged vp +te heuens, and +ti glorie in   #
alle er+te.
   8. Mennes sones di+gten gnares to myn fete, and tempted my   #
soule.
   9. Hij daluen a diche to fore my face, and fellen hem        #
seluen +ter-inne.
   10. Myn hert ys di+gt to +te, God, myn hert is di+gt; and y  #
shal synge,
and sai a salme.
   11. +Tou my glorie, arise +tou; sautrie and harpe, arise; y  #
shal aryse
in +te morwenynge.
   12. Y shal schryue to +te, Lord, in folkes, and saie to +te  #
a songe in men.
<P 68>
   13. For +ty mercy his heried vn-to +te heuens, and +ty       #
so+tenes vn to 
+te cloudes.
   14. Be +tou, God, anhe+ged up +te heuens, and +ty glorye in  #
al er+te.

[}PSALM 57 [\(58)\] .}]

   1. +Gyf +ge speke in alle +tynges ry+gt, +ge mennes sones,   #
iugy+gt ry+gtfullich.
   2. For +ge wirchen wickednesses in our hertes in er+te;      #
+gour hondes
wirchen vnry+gtfulnes.
   3. +Te syn+gers ben aliened fer fram +te wombe; hij erreden  #
fram
+te wombe; hij spoken fals +tynges.
   4. Her wirship is efter +te wickednes of +te serpent, as of  #
aspide def and 
stoppand his eren.
   5. +Te which ne shal nou+gt here +te voice of +te            #
charmeand, and of +te
makand uenym charmeand wiselich. 
   6. God shal de-foulen her te+te in her mou+te; our Lord      #
shal breke +te
uttemast iuels of +te wicked. 
   7. Hij shul by-comen no+gt as water ernand; our Lord shal    #
shewe his
my+gt, +terwyles +tat hij ben made vnstable.
   8. +Te wicked shul ben wasted as wax +tat melte+t; +te       #
wreche of God
fol vp her werkes, and hij ne sei+g no+gt her saueour.
   9. Er +tat +gour synnes vnderstonde +te dampnac[{i{]oun      #
euerlastand, +te fur
of vices shal deuoren hem as liueand in ire.
   10. +Te ry+gt-ful shal gladen whan he se+t +te vengeaunce,   #
and he shal
wasshen his hondes in +te blode of +te syn+ger.
   11. And man shal saie for-so+te, +Gyf frute be to +te        #
ry+gtful, for-so+te God
is iugeand hem in er+te.

<P 69>
[}PSALM 58 [\(59)\] .}]

   1. Ha my God, defende me fram myn enemis, and deliuere me    #
fram +te
ariseand o+gains me.
   2. Defende me fram +te wirchaund wickednes, and saue me      #
fram men
defouled wi+t dedelich sinnes.
   3. Se, for hij token my soule; +te stronge fel o+gains me.
   4. Ne my wickednes, Lord, ne my sinne; ich ran wi+t-outen    #
wickednes,
and dresced +tis worde.
   5. Aryse, Lord, in myn o+gain-erning, and se; and +tou,      #
Lord, art God
of uertu+g, God of Israel.
   6. +Gif entent to uisiten al folkes; ne haue +tou nou+gt     #
mercy on alle +tat
wirchen wickednes.
   7. Hii shul ben turned at euen, and shul suffren hunger as   #
hundes; and
hij shul cumpassen +te cite.
   8. Se, hij shul speken in her mou+te, and sharpnes of        #
wordes his in her
lippes; and hij shul saien, Who herd it?
   9. And +tou, Lord, shalt scornen hem, and +tou shalt bringe  #
to nou+gt
alle folkes.
   10. Y shal kepe to +te myn streng+tes, for God is my taker,  #
my God;
his mercy shal come to-fore me.
   11. God shewed mi+gt to me vp myn enemys; Lord, ne sle hem   #
nou+gt,
+tat +te folk ne for+gete me nou+gt.
   12. De-part hem in +ty uertu; and +tou, God, my defendour,   #
do hem 
oway fram yuel. 
   13. For +te trespas of her mou+te and +te worde of her       #
lippes ben +te
[{w{]ycked taken in her pride. 
   14. And of her waryinge and of her lesyng hij shul ben       #
shewed in her 
endyng.
<P 70>
   15. And hij ne shul nou+gt ben saued in +te ire of endeing;  #
& wyten hij
+tat God shal lordship Iacob sones and +te cuntres of +ter+te.
   16. Hij shul ben departed at euen, and hij shul suffren      #
hunger as
hundes, and hij shul gon a-boute +te cite. 
   17. For-so+te y shal syngen +ty streng+te, Lord, and         #
erliche he+gen in +ty
mercy.
   18. for +tou art made my taker and my socour in [{d{]ai of   #
my tribulacioun.
   19. Ha my helper, y shal synge to +te, for +tat +tou, God,   #
art my taker,
my God, my mercy.

[}PSALM 59 [\(60)\] .}]

   1. Ha God, +tou hast put us oway fram +te, and +tou hast     #
destriued us;
+tou art wro+t, and +tou haddest pite of us.
   2. +Tou stired +ter+te, and trubled it; hel +te              #
contriciouns of it, for it 
is
stired.
   3. +Tou shew[{ed{]est harde +tynges to +ty folk for synne,   #
and +tou +gaf 
us a drink of +te biternes of prikkyng.
   4. +Tou haf tokenyng of wisdom to hem +tat dreden +te, +tat  #
hij shuld
fle fram +te corrupcioun of synne.
   5. +Tat +tyn loued ben deliuered fram iuel, make me sauf     #
for +ty
ry+gthalf, and here me.
   6. God spak in his halwe, Y shal delyten, and y shal         #
departen driehede, 
and y shal meten +te ualaie of tabernacles.
   7. Galaad ys myn, and Manasses is myn, and Effraim is +te    #
streng+te of 
myn heued.
   8. Judas ys myn kynde, Moab is +te enterete of myn hope.
<P 71>
   9. Y shal shewe my vengeaunce in Ydume; strange be subiectes
to me.
   10. Who shal lade me in-to a cite warnist, who shal lade me  #
in-to
Ydume?
   11. Nou+gt +tou, God, +tat put us away fram +te fende,       #
+tou, God, ne shal 
nou+gt gon out in our vertu+g?
   12. +Gyf us, Lord, helpe of tribulacioun, for hel+te of man  #
is ydel.
   13. We shul do uertu in God, and he shal brynge to nou+gt    #
+te 
trubland vs.

[}PSALM 60 [\(61)\] .}]

   1. Here, God, my praier, and understounde myn oryson.
   2. Ich cried to +te fram +te cuntres of +ter+te, +terwhiles  #
+tat myn hert
was anoied; +tou he+gedest me in stablenes.
   3. +Tou laddest me out, for +tou art made myn hope; +tou     #
art tour of
stre[{n{]g+te fram +te face of +te enemy.
   4. Y shal wonen in +ty tabernacle in +te worldes; y shal be  #
defended
in +te couering of +ty mercyes.
   5. For +tou, my God, herdest myn oreison; +tou +gaf          #
heritage to +te
dredand +ty name.
   6. +Tou shal casten dayes up +te daies up +te kynge, and     #
his +geres vn-to
+te daye of kynde & kynde.
   7. He wone+t wy+t-outen ende in +te sy+gt of God; who shal   #
sechen his
mercy and hys so+tenes?
   8. Y shal saye +tus a songe to +ty name in +te world of      #
world, +tat ich
+gelde [{myn{] a-vowes fram daie to daie.

<P 72>
[}PSALM 61 [\(62)\] .}]

   1. Ne shal nou+gt my soule be vnder-lout to God? for in hym  #
hys
myn hel+te.
   2. For he ys my God and myn hel+te & my taker; y ne shal no  #
more
dreden. 
   3. +Ter-whyles +tat +ge fallen into holy chyrche, +ge al     #
sle +te in-nocent
liggand to hym, as to a wal +tat +te morter [{is{] putt out.
   4. +Te wicked for-so+te +tou+gten to putt oway my god dede,  #
and ich
vnderstode her pryuetes; hij blisced me wy+t her mou+te, and    #
waried me
wy+t her hert.
   5. Ha +tou my soule, be +tou subiecte for-so+te to God, for  #
of hym ys my
suffraunce. 
   6. For +tat he is my God, my saueour, myn helper, y ne shal  #
nou+gt
passen out of his comaundement.
   7. Myn hel+te is in God and my glorie; God ys +te wille of   #
myn helpe;
and myn hope is in God.
   8. Ha, he alle assemble of folk, hope+t in hym, helde+t out  #
to-forn hym
your hertes; God ys our helper wy+t-outen ende.
   9. For-so+te mennes sones ben idel, mennes sones ben         #
li+gers in balaunces,
+tat hij deceiuen of idelnes in +tat ich +tynge.
   10. Ne wyl +ge nou+gt hopen in wickednes, and ne wil +ge     #
nou+gt couaite
rauyns; +gyf riches flowe to you, ne wil ye nou+gt sett your    #
hert to hem.
   11. God spak o-nes to +tynges, ich herd hem, for +tat +te    #
my+gt of 
God is; and, Lord, to +te is mercy, for +tou shalt +gelde to    #
ichon efter
his werkes.

<P 73>
[}PSALM 62 [\(63)\] .}]

   1. Ha God, my God, ich wake to +te of ly+gt.
   2. My soule coue[{i{]ted to be wy+t +te, and my flesshe to   #
+te ful many-fold.
   3. In wylde lond and out of way an drye in swyche manere,    #
ich
shewed me to +te [{in{] holy +tynge, +tat ich sei+ge +ty vertu  #
and +ty glorie.
   4. For +ty mercy is better vp lybbeinges; myn lippes shul    #
heryen +te.
   5. Se, y shal blisce +te in my lyf; and in +ty name y shal   #
lift up
myn hondes.
   6. Be my soule fulfyld as of flour and of grece; and my      #
mou+te shal 
heryen +te [{wy+t{] lippes of gladnes.
   7. So was ich +tenchand on +te up my bedde, y shal +tenche   #
on +te in +te
morwenyng; for +tat +tou was myn helper.
   8. And y shal gladen in +te coue[{r{]ing of +ty mercies, my  #
soule ha+t
drawen efter +te; +ty ry+gt syde toke me.
   9. For-so+te +te wicked tempted my soule in vayn, and hij    #
shul entren
in-to +te deppest of +te er+te; so hij shul be +geuen in-to     #
sharpenes of
vengeaunce, so shal hij ben att +te parties of fendes.
   10. +Te kynge for-so+te shal ioien in God, alle +tat hopen   #
in hym shul
ben heried; for +te mou+te of +te spekand wicked +tynges ys     #
stopped.

[}PSALM 63 [\(64)\] .}]  

   1. Here, God, my praier, whan ich praie; defende my soule    #
fram +te
drede of +te enemy.
   2. +Tou defendest me fram +te felawe-shippe of +te wicked,   #
fram +te
multitude of +te wirchand wickednes.
<P 74>
   3. For hij whetted her tunges as swerde; so hij maden her    #
manaces
+tyng bytter, +tat hij turmenten +te vnwemmed in hidels.
   4. Hij shul turmenten hym sudeinlich, hij shul nou+gt        #
dreden; hij
fastened to hem iuel worde of me.
   5. Hij telden +tat hij hidden falsnisses, and saiden, Who    #
shal sen
hem?
   6. Hij so+gten wickednisses; +te sechand faileden in her     #
secheyng.
   7. +Te man ry+gtful shal ne+gen to holi hert, and God shal   #
ben he+ged.
   8. +Te turmentes of +te wicked ben made her de+t, and her    #
tunges ben
made vnstable o+gains [{hem{] .
   9. Alle gode men +tat sehen hem in her malices, weren        #
trubled; and
ich man drad hem.
   10. +Te gode telden +te werkes of God, and vnderstonden his  #
dedes.
   11. +Te ry+gtful shal gladen in our Lord, and he shal hopen  #
in hym;
and al ry+gtful of hert shul ben heried.

[}PSALM 64 [\(65)\] .}]

   1. Ha God, heryynge by-come+t +te in Syon; and to +te shal   #
[{v{]owe be
+golden in Jerusalem.
   2. Here my praier; icha flesshe schal come to +te.
   3. +Te wordes of +te wicked vailed more vp vs; and +tou      #
shal be mercyful
to our wickednesses.
   4. Blisced be +te man +tat +tou ches and toke; he shal       #
wonen in +tyn 
hallis.
   5. We shul be fulfild of +te godes of +tyn hous; and +ti     #
temple ys holy,
wonderful in euennesse.
<P 75>
   6. Ha God, our hel+te, he[{r{]e us; +tou art hope of alle    #
+te cuntres of +ter+te
and fer in +te see;
   7. Makand redy +te mounteins in +ty vertu, girt wy+t my+gt;  #
+tat truble+t
+te depnes of +te see, +te soune of hys flodes.
   8. Alle +te men +ta[{t{] wonen in cuntres, shul ben          #
trubled, and shul
dreden of +tyne toknes of +te out-going of morwen; and +tou     #
shalt deliten
in +te euenyng.
   9. +Tou uysited +ter+te, and made it fayre, and multiplied,  #
for to make
it ryche.
   10. +Te flude of God ys fulfild of waters; +tou, God, made   #
radi her
ernyng for so ys his makyng rady.
   11. Fylland hys ryue[{r{]s, multiplie +tou his buryon; he    #
shal delyten in 
hys guters ekand.
   12. +Tou shalt blisce to +te time of +te +gere of +ty        #
de-bonairte; and +ty
feldes shul be fulfild of plente.
   13. Fair +tynges of +te wyldernes shal by-comen fat, and     #
+te woniand in
+te mounteins shul ben fulfild of ioie.
   14. +Te ra[{mm{]es [{of shepe ben clo+ted wy+t flese, & +te  #
valeys shul{]
waxen ful wy+t wheten; folk shul crien and saien heriyng for    #
ioye. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 118>
[}PSALM 96 [\(97)\] .}]
 
   1. Our Lord regne+t; glade +ter+te, and ioien many yldes.
   2. Cloudes and derknes ben in his cumpasse, ry+gtfulnes and  #
iugement
ben +te amendement of his sege.
   3. Fur shal gon to-forn hym, and brenen hys enemys abouten   #
hym.
   4. Hys li+gtyngens ali+gted +te world; he sei+ge, and +te    #
er+te ys styred.
   5. +Te mounteins melted as wax fram +te face of our Lord,    #
al +te er+te
fram +te face of our Lord.
   6. +Te heuens telden his ry+gtfulnes, and al +te folkes      #
se+gen his glorie.
   7. Ben hij alle confounded +tat anouren y-magerie & +tat     #
gladen in her 
maumetes.
   8. Alle +ge hys aungels, anouren hym; +te folk of Syon herd  #
God
and ioied. 
   9. And +te do+gters of Iude gladed, Lord, for +ty iugement.
   10. For +tou, Lord, art he+gest up alle +te er+te; mychel    #
+tou art he+ged vp
alle +te godes.
<P 119>
   11. +Ge +tat loue our Lord, hate+t iuel; our Lord kepe+t     #
+te soules of his
halwen; and he shal liuer hem fram +te pouste of +te syn+ger.
   12. Ly+gt hijs sprongen to +te ry+gtful, and ioie to +te     #
ry+gtful of hert.
   13. Glade+t, +te ry+gtful in our Lord, and shryue+t to +te   #
mynde of hys
halwyng.

[}PSALM 97 [\(98)\] .}]
 
   1. +Ge men, synge+t to our Lord a newe songe, for he ha+t    #
don wonderful
+tynges.
   2. He saued to hym +te helpe of hys chosen and hys holi      #
pouste.
   3. Our Lord made hys hel+te knowen, and shewed hys           #
ry+gtfulnes in
sy+gt of men.
   4. He +tou+gt on hys merey and on hys so+tenes to +te hous   #
of Israel.
   5. Alle +te contre-hys of +te er+te se+gen +te hel+te of     #
our Lord God; he
alle +ter+te, ioie+t to God, and synge+t and glade+t and        #
ver-seile+t.
   6. Synge+t to our Lord in harp and in voice of psalme, in    #
trumpes
beten and voice of trumpes of horne.
   7. Glade+t in +te sy+gt of +te kyng, our Lord; be +te se     #
stired and hys
plente, +te world, and hij +tat wonen +ter-inne.
   8. +Te flodes shul ioien togidres wy+t honde, and mounteins  #
shul gladen 
of +te sy+gt of our Lord; for he come+t to iuge +ter+te.
   9. He shal iuge +te world in ry+gtfulnes, and +te folkes in  #
euennes.

[}PSALM 98 [\(99)\] .}]

   1. For +tat our Lord regned, wra+t-+ten +te folkes; +tou     #
+tat sittest up
cherubyn, by +te er+te styred.
   2. Our Lord ys grete in heuen and he vp alle folkes.
   3. Shryuen hij to +ty grete name, for it ys dredeful and     #
holi; and +te 
honour of +te kyng loue+t iugement.
<P 120>
   4. +Tou dittest dresceinges, and +tou madest iugemen[{t{] &  #
ry+gtfulnes in
Iacob sones.
   5. And he+ge+t +te Lord, our Lord, and anoure+t +te shamel   #
of hys fete, for
hit is holy.
   6. Moyses and Aaron wy+t her prestes, and Samuel amonges     #
hem +tat
clepen hys name.
   7. Hij clepeden our Lord, and he herd hem; he spake to hem   #
in a piler 
of a cloude.
   8. Hij keptten hy[{s{] witnesses and +te comaundement +tat   #
he +gaf to hem.
   9. Ha Lord, our God, +tou herd hem; +tou, God, was mercyful  #
to hem
and byginnand to wreke in alle her fyndeynges.
   10. And he+ge+t +te Lord, our God, and anoure+t hym in hys   #
holy heuen;
for +te Lord, our God, ys holy.

[}PSALM 99 [\(100)\] .}]
 
   1. Ha alle er+te, glade+t to God, serue+t our Lord in        #
gladnes.
   2. Entre+t in his sy+gt in ioie.
   3. Wete+t +tat our Lord he is God; he made us, and nou+gt    #
we us seluen.
   4. We ben hys folk and +te shepe of hys pasture; entre hys   #
+gates in
shrift, and schryue+t to hym in hys temple in songes.
   5. Herie+t hys name; for our Lord ys milde, hys mercy ys     #
wy+t-outen
ende, and hys so+tnesse ys in kende and kinde.

[}PSALM 100 [\(101)\] .}]

   1. Lord, y shal synge mercy and iugement to +te; y shal      #
versail and
vnderstonde in wai unfiled, whan +tou shal come to me.
   2. Y +gede in +te innocens of myn hert, amiddes +te wylle    #
of myn hert,
in-middes myn hous.
<P 121>
   3. Y ne sett nou+gt to-fore myn e+gen +tyng vnry+gtful, and  #
ich hated +te
trespassynges.
   4. Wicked hert ne come nou+gt to me; y ne knew nou+gt +te    #
wicked
bowand fram me.
   5. Y ne pursued hym +tat bacbite+t priuelich hys ne+gbur.
   6. Y ne ete nou+gt wy+t +te prude e+ge, and wi+t hert +tat   #
ne may nou+gt
be fulfild.
   7. Myn e+gen ben to +te trew of +ter+te, +tat hij sit wy+t   #
me; +te goand in 
vnfiled wai, he serued me.
   8. He +tat [{do+t{] pride ne shal nou+gt wonen amiddes myn   #
houus; he
+tat speke+t yuel, y ne dresced hym nou+gt in +te sy+gt of myn  #
e+gen.
   9. Ich slo+ge in +te mornyng alle +te syn+gers of er+te,     #
+tat y shuld
departent out of our Lordes cite alle +te wirchand wickednes.

[}PSALM 101 [\(102)\] .}]

   1. Here, Lord, my praiere, and my crye come to +te.
   2. Ne turne +tou nou+gt +ty face fram me; in wich daie +tat  #
ich be
trubled, bow to me +tyn ere.
   3. In which daie +tat ich had cleped to +te, here +tou me    #
hastilich.
   4. For my daies failed as smoke, and my bones dried as       #
craukes.
   5. Ich am smyten as hay, and myn hert dryed; for ich         #
for-+gate to ete
my brede. 
   6. Of +te voice of my waymentynge my bon dro+g to my         #
flesshe. 
   7. Icham made lich to +te pellican of ones, and icham made   #
as +te
ny+gtrauin in +te euesynges.
   8. Y woke, and made as +te sparowe wonand on in +te hous.
   9. Myn enemys vp-braided me aldai, and hij +tat praised me   #
swore 
o+gains me.
<P 122>
   10. For ich ete my brede as asken, and medeled my drynke     #
wy+t
wepyng.
   11. Fram +te face of +te ire of +ti indignacioun; for +tou   #
liftand me
norissed me. 
   12. My daies boweden as shadow, & hij d[{r{]eied as hai. 
   13. +Tou, Lord, forso+te dwellest wy+t-outen ende, and +ti   #
mynde is in
kinde and in-to kynde.
   14. +Tou, Lord, arisand shalt haue pite of +te folke of      #
Syon; for +te time
of hijs mercynge, for +te time come+t.
   15. For hijs fastnes pleised to +ti seruantes, and hij shul  #
haue pite of
his er+te.
   16. And +te folke, Lord, shul douten +ty name, and alle +te  #
kynges of +te
er+te +ti glorie. 
   17. For our Lord edefied +te heuen, and shal be sen in hijs  #
glorie.
   18. He loked in-to +te oreison of +te meke, and he ne        #
despised nou+gt
her praier.
   19. Be +tes +tynges wryten in +tat o+ter kinde; and +te      #
folk +tat shal be 
fourmed shal heryen our Lord.
   20. For he loked fram hys e+ge heuen; our Lord loked fram    #
heuen
into er+te;
   21. +Tat he herd +te waie-mentynges of +te fettered and      #
vnbinde +te
sones of +te slain.
   22. +Tat hij telle in Syon +te name of our Lord and hys      #
hereinge in
Ierusalem.
   23. In acordand +te folkes in on, and +te kynges, +tat hii   #
serue to
our Lord.
   24. He answerd hym in voice of his vertu, Telle to me +te    #
fewenes of 
my daies.
<P 123>
   25. Ne clepe +tou me nou+gt o+gayn in +te half dele of mi    #
daies, in kynde
and in-to kynde of +te +gere.
   26. Lord, +tou founded +ter+te atte gynnyng, and +te heuens  #
ben +te
werkes of +tyn hondes. 
   27. Hij shul perissen, +tou for-so+te dwellest; and alle     #
shul by-gynne at
elden as clo+tyng.
   28. And +tou shalt chaungen hem as couertour, and hij shul   #
be chaunged;
+tou for-so+te art +tat ich, and +ty +geres ne shul nou+gt      #
failen.
   29. +Te sones of +ty seruauntes shul wonen, and here sede    #
shalt be
dresced in +te world.

[}PSALM 102 [\(103)\] .}]

   1. Ha +tou my soule, blisce our Lord; and alle +tynges +tat  #
ben wy+t-innen
me, blisce hys holi name. 
   2. Ha +tou my soule, blisce our Lord; and ne wille +tou      #
nou+gt for-+gete
alle his +gelde-inges;
   3. +Te which is merciful to alle +tin wickednesses; +te      #
which hel+te alle
+ty sekenisses;
   4. +Te which ransoun-ne+t +ty lif fram de+t; +te which       #
croune+t +te wy+t
mercy and pites;
   5. +Te which fulfille+t +t[{y{] desire in goddes; +ty        #
+geng+te shal be made 
new
as of an erne. 
   6. Our Lord is doand mercies and iugement to alle +te        #
suffrand wronge.
   7. He made hys waies knowen to Moyses, he did to +te         #
childer of
Israel her willes.
   8. Our Lord is ry+gtful and merciable and of longe wille     #
and michel
merciable.
   9. He ne shal nou+gt wra+t+te him wy+t-outen ende, [{ne he   #
ne shal nou+gt
manacen wy+t-outen ende.{]
<P 124>
   10. He ne did nou+gt to us efter our syn+ges, ne he ne       #
+gelde+t nou+gt to vs
efter our wickednes.
   11. For efter +te he+gt of heuen fram er+te he               #
strein[{+g{]ed hys mercy vp
hem +tat dreden hym. 
   12. He made fer fram us our wickednes, as +te este           #
departe+t fram
+te west.
   13. As +te fader has mercy on his childer, our Lord is       #
merciable of hem
+tat dreden hym; for he knowe [{our{] faintes.
   14. He recorded +tat we ben p[{ouder{] ; man ys as hai, hys  #
daies ben as
floure of +te feld, so he shal florissen.
   15. For gost shal passen in hym; and he ne shal nou+gt       #
dwelle, and he
ne shal no more knowen his stede.
   16. +Te mercy of our Lord is forso+te fram wy+t-outen        #
[{ende vnto wy+t-outen
ende{] up hem +tat dreden hym. 
   17. And his ri+gtfulnes is into child of childer to hem      #
+ta[{t{] kepen his
testament.
   18. And hij ben remembraunt of his comaundement+g to don     #
hem.
   19. Our Lord shal di+gten his sete in heuen, and his         #
kyngdome shal 
lord-ship alle.
   20. Ha alle his angeles, mi+gtful of uertu, doand his        #
worde, to here +te
uoice of hys wordes, blisce+t our Lord.
   21. Ha alle his uertu, blisce+t our Lord; +ge his            #
ministris, +tat don hys
wille, blisced our Lord. 
   22. +Ge alle werke of our Lord, blisce+t our Lord in alle    #
stedes of his
lordship; ha +tou my soule, blische our Lord.

<P 125>
[}PSALM 103 [\(104)\] .}]

   1. Ha +tou my soule, blisce our Lord; ha Lord, mi God, +tou  #
art
greteliche heried. 
   2. +Tou clad schryft and fairnes, hiled wy+t ly+gt as wy+t   #
clo+tyng,
   3. Spredand out +te heuen as a skyn; +te which couered +te   #
alderhe+gestnes
wy+t waters;
   4. +Tat settest +te cloude +ty wendyng up; +tat gost vp +te  #
swiftnes of
+te wynde;
   5. +Tat makest +tyn angeles gostes, and +ty ministres        #
sengeand [{fur{] ;
   6. +Tat foundest +ter+te vp his stablenes; it ne shal        #
nou+gt be bowed in
+te worled of +te worldes.
   7. Depenes ys hys couertour as clo+tyng; waters shul stonde  #
vp
mounteines.
   8. Hij shul fle fram +te lackeinge, & hij shul douten of     #
+te voice of
+ty +tonder.
   9. +Te mounteyns stey+gen up, and +te feldes fallen in-to    #
+te stede +tat-ou
founded to hem.
   10. +Tou setted +te terme, +te which hij ne shul nou+gt      #
passe ouer; ne hij
ne shul nou+gt be turned o+gain to hilen +ter+te.
   11. +Tou +tat sendest welles in valeis; +te waters shul      #
passen amiddes +te
mounteines.
   12. Alle bestes of +te felde shul drynken, +te wilde asses   #
shul abiden in
her +trest.
   13. +Te foules of heuen shulle whonen vp +tat er+te, +te     #
waters shul
+geuen voice of +te middel of +te stones.
   14. Dewand +te mounteines of +tyn ouermor, +ter+te shal be   #
fulfild of +te
frut of +ty werkes.
<P 126>
   15. +Tou art bryngand for+te hay to meres and grasse to      #
seruice
of men;
   16. +Tat tou brynge for+t brede of +ter+te, and wyn glade    #
mannes hert.
   17. +Te tres of +ter+te shul be fulfild, and +te cedres of   #
Lyban, which he
sette; sparowes shul make +ter her nestes.
   18. +Te hous of faucouns is her lader, +te he+ge mounteins   #
to hertes, +te
ston is refut to heyrouns.
   19. He made +te mone in-to times, +te sonne knew hys         #
goingdoun.
   20. +Tou settest derkenes, and ny+gt ys made; al +te bestes  #
of +ter+te shul
passen +ter-ynne.
   21. +Te whelpes of +te liouns rumyand, +tat hij rauissen     #
and aske metes
to hem of God.
   22. +Te sonne ys rysen, and hij ben gadered, and shul be     #
laid in her
couches. 
   23. Man shal go for+t to his werke, and to his wircheing     #
vn-to +te
euenynge.
   24. Hou michel +tyn werkes ben heried, Lord! +tou madest     #
alle +tynges
in wisdome; +ter+te is fulfild of +tyn habbyng.
   25. +Tis see hys michel and large to hondes; +ter-inne ben   #
crepand
+tynges, of which nis no noumbre:
   26. Bestes litel wy+t michel; +ter shul shippes passen:
   27. +Tys dragon +tatou fourmedest to by-gylen him: alle      #
abyden, +tatou
+gif to hem mete in tyme. 
   28. +Te +geuand to hem, hij shul gaderen; +te openand +tyn   #
honde, alle 
+tynges shul be fulfild of godenes.
   29. +Te for-so+te turnand owai +ty face, hij shul be         #
trubled; +tou shal 
take fram hem +ty gost, and hij shul failen, and shul be        #
turned into
her poudre.
   30. Sende for +ty gost, and hij shul be fourmed; and +tou    #
shalt make
newe +te face of +ter+te.
<P 127>
   31. Be +te glorie of our Lord in +te world; our Lord shul    #
gladen in 
his werkes;
   32. +Te which loke+t to +ter+te and make+t it to tremblen;   #
+te which
touche+t +te mounteyns, and hij shul smoken.
   33. Y shal syngen to our Lord [{and{] my [{luf,{] and synge  #
to my God as
longe as ich am.
   34. Be my word to hym ioiful; ich for-sothe shal gladen in   #
our Lord.
   35. Defailen +te syn+gers of +ter+te, and +te wicked so      #
+tat hij ne be 
nou+gt;
ha, +tou my soule, blisce our Lord.

[}PSALM 104 [\(105)\] .}]

   1. Shriue+t to our Lord, and clepe+t his name; telle+t       #
amonges folke
hys werkes.
   2. Synge+t to hym, and psalme+t to hym; telle+t alle his     #
wondres; be +ge
heried in hys holi name. 
   3. Glade +te hert of +te secheand our Lord; seche+t and our  #
Lord, and be+t
confermed; seche+t alway hys face.
   4. By-+tenche+t +gou of his wondres +tat he did; & his       #
toknes ben +te
iugement+g of his mou+te.
   5. Ha +tou sede of Abraham, his seruaunt+g; ha +ge Iacob     #
sones, his
chosen, bi+tenche+t of God.
   6. He his +te Lord, our God; his iuge[{me{]nt+g ben in alle  #
er+te.
   7. He was by-+tenchand in +te world of his testament, and    #
of his world
+tat he sent into a +tousand kyndes.
   8. Which worde he ordeined to Abraham and his o+te to Ysaac.
   9. And he stablist +tat to Iacob in comaundement, and to     #
+te sones of
Israel in testament wy+t-outen ende,
   10. Saiand, Y shal +geue +te +te londe of Chanaan in a       #
corde of [{+g{]our
herytage.
<P 128>
   11. As y were in lytel noumbre and her ty[{l{]iers           #
alderfewest:
   12 And hij passeden fram folk to folk, and fram kyngdom to 
ano+ter folk;
   13. He ne suffred nou+gt man greuen hem, and he repruued     #
kynges
fram hem, 
   14. Saiand, Ne wil +ge nou+gt touchen my prestes anoint      #
wy+t creyme,
and ne wylle +ge nou+gt weryen in my prophetes. 
   15. And he cleped hunger vp +te londe of Chanaan, and        #
de-fouled al +te
fastnes of brede.
   16. Jacob sent +te man Joseph o+gayn his bre+ter, Joseph     #
was solde to 
+tral +turth hem.
   17. Hij loweden +te fete of Ioseph in fetteres, yren passed  #
+tour+g +te
soule of Iacob to +tat +te word of Ioseph come to hym.
   18. +Te word of our Lord brent Ioseph; +te kyng Pharaon      #
sent for hym
to +te prison, and vnbonde hym of bondes; +te prince of folk    #
did hym
of pyne.
   19. He stablist hym lord of hys hous and prince of alle hys
habbynge,
   20. +Tat he lered hys prynces as hym self and tau+gt hys     #
elde quaintyse.
   21. And +te fende anoied greteliche hys folk, and fastened   #
it up
hys enemys, 
   22. [\LATIN AND ENGLISH OMITTED.\]
   23. +Te fende turned +te hertes of +te Egipciens, +tat hij   #
hated hys folke
and dede trecherie o+gain Goddes seruauntes.
   24. Our Lord sent Moyses, [{hys{] seruaunt, and +tat Aaron   #
+tat he ches.
   25. He sett in hym wordes of his toknes and of his wondres   #
in +te 
londe of Cham.
<P 129>
   26. He sent derknisses, and made derke +te Egipciens, and    #
ne enegred
nou+gt +te wordes of Moyses,
   27. He turned her waters into blode, and slo+ge her fisshes.
   28. And her er+te +gaf frosches in +tynges of her kynges     #
gode to parte.
   29. Moyses seide to our Lord of +te hardnes of Egipciens,    #
and houndefle+ges
and gnattes come+t in alle her londes.
   30. He sett her raynes hail and fur brynand in her londe; 
   31. And smote her vynes and her fygers, and defouled +te     #
wode of
her londe.
   32. Moyses seid to our Lord of +te hardnes of Pharaon in     #
+te sones of 
Iacob, and grashoppes come and breses, of which no noumbre was  #
of.
   33. And he ete alle +te hai in her londe, and ete al +te     #
fruit of her
londe.
   34. And he smote alle +te first bi+getynge of her londe and  #
+te first
by+getyng of alle her trauaile.
   35. And he lad out Iacob sones wy+t gold and syluer, and     #
syke man
nas nou+gt founden in alle her kyn-redenis.
   36. Egipt was glad in +te for+tgoing of Iacobes childer,     #
for +te drede of
hem touched vp hem.
   37. And he shewed cloude in-to her prot[{e{]ccioun and fur,  #
+tat it shuld
aly+gt to hem by ny+gt.
   38. Hij askeden flesches; and curlu come to hem, and         #
fulfild hem of
brede of heuen. 
   39. God brake +te stone, and waters ran out, and flodes      #
+gede +tur+g
drienes.
   40. For he was by+tenchand of his holy worde, +te which he   #
had to 
Abraham, hys childe.
   41. And God lad for+t hys folk wy+t gladnes and hys chosen   #
wy+t ioie.
<P 130>
   42. And he +gaf hem kyngdomes of men, and hij hadden +te     #
trauailes of
folkes, 
   43. +Tat hij kepten ri+gtfulnesses and so+gten his lawe.

[}PSALM 105 [\(106)\] .}]

   1. Shryue+t to our Lord, for he his God, for in +te world    #
is his mercy.
   2. Who shal speke +te my+gtes of our Lord? he shal make      #
alle hys
heryynges herd.
   3. Blisced ben hij +tat kepen iugement and don ry+gtfulnes   #
in alle time.
   4. +Tenche, Lord, on vs in +te wele-likand of +ty folk, and  #
visit vs in
+tyne hel+te,
   5. For to se in +te godenes of +tyn chosen, to gladen in     #
+te gladnisse of
+ty folke, +tatou be heried in +tyne herytage.
   6. We han syn+ged wy+t our fadres, we han wro+gt             #
vnry+gtfullich, and we
han don wickednisse.
   7. Our fadres in Egipt ne vnderstode no+gt +tyn wondres,     #
and hij were
nou+gt +tenchand on +te multitude of +tyn mercy.
   8. And hij tariden +te Egipciens wendand vp in +te see,      #
[{+te Reed See;{]
and he saued hem for his name, +tat he made his my+gt knowen.
   9. And he wy+t-dro+ge +te Reed See, and it ys dried; and     #
lad +te Egipciens
in depenes as in +te desert.
   10. And he saued +te .xii. kindes of Iacob fram +te honde    #
of +te enemy.
   11. And +te water couerd +te trybuland hem, and +ter ne      #
laft nou+gt
on of hem. 
   12. And +te .xij. kindes byleueden his worde and heried his  #
heryyng.
   13. Sone hij faileden, and for+gaten hys werkes, and ne      #
susteined nou+gt
hys conseil.
   14. And hij couaited couaitise in desert, & tempteden God    #
in driehede.
   15. And he +gaf hem her askyng, & sent fulnes in-to her      #
soules.
   16. And hij tariden Moyses in castels & Aaron, +te holy of   #
our Lord.
<P 131>
   17. +Te erthe ys opened, & swolwed Datham, & couered vp +te  #
gaderyng
of Abyron.
   18. And fur brent in her sinagoge, & lait brent +te          #
sin+gers.
   19. And hij maden a chalf in Oreb, & anoured +tyng made wy+t
fingers.
   20. And hij chaungeden her glorie in-to +te likenes of       #
chalf etand haye.
   21. Hij for-haten God +tat saued hem, +tat grete +tynges     #
did in Egipt,
in +te londe of Cham, dredeful +tynges in +te Reed Se.
   22. God seid +tat he shuld for-done hem, +gyf Moyses, his    #
chosen, ne
had nou+gt stonden in brekeyng in his sy+gt;
   23. +Tat he turned hys wra+t+te, +tat he ne fordid hem       #
nou+gt; and hij
had for nou+gt +te londe desiderable.
   24. And hij ne leued nou+gt his worde & gruched in her       #
tabernacles,
and hij ne herd nou+gt +te voice of our Lord.
   25. And he lifted his vengeaunce vp hem, +tat he feld hem    #
doun in 
wildernesse.
   26. And +tat he out-kest her sede in [{+t{]er+tes and        #
departed hem in 
kyngdomes.
   27. And hij ben sacrified to Belphegor, & eten +te pines of  #
+te dampned.
   28. And hij taried hym in her fyndynges, and fallyng doun    #
is multiplied
in hem.
   29. And Finees stode and plesed, & crossyng cessed.
   30. And it is teld to hym in-to ry+gtfulnes in kynde to      #
kynde vn-to
euere lastend.
   31. And hij tariden Moyses atte water of +gainsygeinge, and  #
he ys
trauayled for hem +tat greued hys gost.
<P 132>
   32. And he distincted in his lippes; & hij ne sprad nou+gt   #
men which
our Lord seid to hem.
   33. And hij ben meined among folk wy+t-outen lawe, and       #
lerned her
werkes, and serueden to her fals ym[{a{]ges, and +tat ys made   #
to hem in
sclaunder.
   34. And hij sacrifiden her sones and her douters to          #
debleries,
   35. And shadde blode nou+gt filed, and blode of her sones    #
and her
dou+gters, which hij sacrified to +te fals ymages of Chanaam.
   36. And +ter[{+te{] is slaine for syn+ges & filed in her     #
werkes, & dede
horedome in her fyndeinges.
   37. And our Lord wra+ted hym in hys vengeaunce o+gains his   #
folk, and 
lo+ted hys heritage. 
   38. And he +gaf hem in-to +te hondes of folkes wy+t-outen    #
lawe, and hij
+tat hated hem lord-shipped hem.
   39. And her enemys trubled hem, and hij ben meked vnder her  #
hondes;
often our Lord deliuerd hem of iuel.
   40. Hij for-so+te greueden him in her conseils, and hij ben  #
lowed in 
her wickednisses.
   41. And he se+ge whan hij were trubled, & herd her praier.
   42. And he was by-+ten-chand on hys testament, & it hym      #
for-+tou+gt
efter +te multitude of hys mercy.
   43. And he +gaf hem in his mercies in sy+gt of alle +tat     #
hadde taken hem.
   44. Ha Lord God, make us sauf, & gader us to-gider of        #
straunge
kynredens,
   45. +Tat we shryue to +tyn holy name, & +tat we gladen in    #
+ty heryynge.
   46. Be our Lord, God of Israel, blisced of +tys world, here  #
and vnto
+te world +tat euer shal last; & alle +te puple shal saie, Be   #
it don,
be it don.

<P 133> 
[}PSALM 106 [\(107)\] .}]

   1. Shryue+t to our Lord, for he ys gode, for in +te world    #
ys hys mercy.
   2. Siggen hij nov +tat ben bou+gt of our Lord, which he      #
bou+gt fram +te
honde of +te enemy, of straunge kyngdomes he gadered hem.
   3. Fram +te rysyng of +te [{sunne{] vnto +te goynge adoune,  #
fram +te nor+te
& +te see.
   4. +Te childer of Israel erreden in onhede & in dryhede,     #
and hij ne
fonde nou+gt +te waie of ioye euer lastand.
   5. Hungerand & +trestand, her soule faileden in hem.
   6. And hij criden to our Lord, as hij were trubled, & hij    #
deliuered 
hem of alle her nedefulnes.
   7. And he lad hem in +te ry+gt waie, +tat hij heden into     #
ioie euerlastand
   8. Shryue to our Lord hys mercies, & hys wonders to mennes   #
sones.
   9. For he fulfild idel soule, and fulfild hung[{ri{] soules  #
of godes,
   10. Sittand in derknes & in shadue of de+t, bonden in        #
wrechedhede
[{&{] in iren.
   11. For hij anegreden +te wordes of our Lord, & maden vain   #
+te
conseil of +te he+gest.
   12. And her hert ys lowed in her trauailes, and hij ben      #
syke; & +ter
nas non +tat halpe hem.
   13. And hij crieden to our Lord, as hij weren trubled & he 
deliuered hem of alle her nedefulnisses.
   14. And he lad hem fram derknesses & shadowe [{of de+t{] ,   #
& brake her
bondes.
   15. Shryue to our Lord hys mercies & hys wonders to mennes   #
sones. 
   16. For he de[{fouled{] +te +gates of brasse, & brake +te    #
lockes of iren.
<P 134>
   17. He toke hem fram +te waie of wickednes, for hij ben      #
lowed for her
vnry+gtfulnes.
   18. Her soule wlated al techyng of hel+te, & aproched to     #
+te +gates
of de+t.
   19. And hij criden to our Lord, as hij weren trubled; and    #
he deliuered
hem of alle her nedefulnisses.
   20. Shryue to our Lord hys mercies, & hys wondres to mennes  #
sones,
   21. +Tat hij [{sacrifien{] sacrifice of heryynge and telle   #
his werkes in 
ioie.
   22. +Te which comen in-to +te see in shippes, makand         #
wercheinge in
mani waters,
   23. Hij se+gen +te werkes of our Lord, & his wonders in +te  #
depenes.
   24. God seid, & +te gost of tempest stode, & his flodes ben  #
anhe+ged.
   25. Hij ste+gen vp vnto +te heuens, & fallen a-doun into     #
depnes; her
soule quoke in yuels.
   26. Hij ben trubled, and hij ben stired as drunken, and      #
alle her
wisdomes is deuoured.
   27. And hij criden to our Lord, as hij were trubled; and he  #
lad hem
out of her nedefulnisses.
   28. And he stablist his tempest in +te wynde, & alle his     #
flodes
were stille.
   29. And hij ioiden, for +te flodes were stille; and God lad  #
hem to +te
hauen of her wille.
   30. Shryue to our Lord is mercies, & his wondres to mennes   #
sones.
   31. And he+gen hij hym in +te chirches of folkes, & heri     #
hym in +te
chaier of olde.
   32. He sett her flodes in desert & +te goinges of waters in  #
+trust,
   33. Er+te berand frut in saltmerche for +te wickednesse of   #
+te wonand 
+ter-inne.
<P 135>
   34. He sett +te desert in pondes of waters, & +ter+te        #
wy+t-outen water
at out-goynge of waters.
   35. And he sett +ter+te hungri, & hij stablist cite of       #
wonyng.
   36. And hij sewen feldes, and sett vines, & maden frut of    #
bir+te.
   37. And he blisced hem, and hij ben michel multiplied; & he  #
ne
litteled nou+gt her meres.
   38. And hij ben made fewe, & ben trauailed fro +te           #
tribulacion of
wicked & fro sorow.
   39. Strif is hald vp +te princes, & +te fende made hem to    #
erren in 
wilde stede, & nou+gt in +te waie.
   40. And he halpe +te pouer of his mesais, & set +te men+ges  #
as shepe.
   41. +Te ry+gtful shul sen & gladen, & alle wicked shal       #
stoppe her mou+te.
   42. Which wise shal kepe +tes +tynges & vnderstonde +te      #
merci of 
our Lord?

[}PSALM 107 [\(108)\] .}]

   1. Ha God, myn hert hys made redi; myn hert his made redy,   #
& y
shal syngen, & y shal psalmen in my glorie.
   2. Aryse sautrie & harpe, and y shal arysen in +te           #
morwenyng.
   3. Y shal shryue to +te, Lord, for +te folkes; and y shal    #
syngen to +te
for +te kyndes.
   4. For +ty mercy ys grete vp +te heuens, & +ty so+tenes is   #
vn-to +te cloudes.
   5. Be +tou an-he+ged vp +te heuenes; & +ty glorie is vp      #
alle +ter+te, +tat
+tyn frendes ben deliuered.
   6. Make me sauf, & here me for +ty my+gt; God spak in hys    #
holy.
   7. Y shal gladen & departen +te dryhede, & y shal mete +te   #
ualeye of
tabernacles.
   8. Galaad ys myn, & Manasses is myn, Effraym ys +te takeyng  #
of 
myn heued. 
<P 136>
   9. Juda ys my kynge, Moab is +te caudron of myn hope.
   10. Y shal shewe myn hoseing in Ydume; strange ben made my   #
frendes.
   11. Who shal lede me in-to a cite warnist? who shal lede me  #
in-to
Ydume?
   12. No+gt +tou, God, +tat put vs oway; & +tou ne shal        #
nou+gt, God, gon
out in our vertu+g.
   13. +Gyf vs helpe of tribulacioun, for hel+te of man ys      #
ydel.
   14. We shal do vertu in God, and he shal bringe to nou+gt    #
our enemis.
 
[}PSALM 108 [\(109)\] .}]

   1. Ha God, ne haue +tou nou+gt stilled myn heryynge; for     #
+te mou+te of 
+te syn+ger & +te mou+te of +te trecherous is open up me.
   2. And hij spaken to me wy+t trecherous tunge, and           #
encumpassed [{me{]
wy+t wordes of hating, & fa+gten wy+t me wy+t wille.
   3. For +tat +te gode loued me, +te wicked bacbiten me; &     #
ich praied
for hem.
   4. And hij sett to me iuels for godes & hate for my loue.
   5. Stables +te syn+ger vp +te wicked; & +te fende stonde at  #
hys ry+gthalf.
   6. As he ys iuged, go he out condempned, & be hys prayer     #
made into 
syn+ge.
   7. Ben his dayes made fewe, & ano+ter tak his                #
bischop[{riche{] .
   8. Ben hys childer made faderles, & wif widowe.
   9. Be hys sones made stumbland, & biggen hij; and ben hij    #
outcusten
of her woninges.
   10. Seche+t +te usurer alle hys substaunce, & +te straunge   #
ra[{ui{]s her
trauales.
   11. Ne be nou+gt to hym helper, ne +ter ne be non +tat haue  #
pite of his
moderles.
<P 137>
   12. Be his childer made in-to de+t, & be hys name don oway   #
in o
kynde. 
   13. Turne +te wickednes of hys fadres in-to mynde in +te     #
si+gt of our 
Lord, and +te syn+ge of his moder be nou+gt don oway.
   14. Hij ben made al-way o+gains our Lord, & peris [{her{]    #
mynde fram
+ter+te, for +tat he ne had nou+gt in mynde to do mercy,
   15. And pursued +te gode man, +te mesays and +te biggeand,   #
& to sle
man prikked in hert.
   16. And he loued waryynge, & it shal come to hym; and he     #
nold
nou+gt blisceing, & it shal be don fer fram hym. 
   17. And he clo+ted wareing as clo+tyng, & it entred as       #
water in-to his
in-nermast +tinges & as oile in his bones.
   18. Be made to hym as cloy+tng, wy+t which he is [{couered,  #
& as a
girdel, wy+t which he is{] euermore girt.
   19. +Tis is +te werk of hem +tat bacbiten me to our Lord, &  #
hij +tat
speken iuel +tynges o+gain my soule.
   20. & +tou, Lord, do mercy wy+t me for +ty name; for +ty     #
mercy is mylde.
   21. Deliuer me of iuel; for ich am nedeful & pouer, and myn  #
hert is
trubled wy+t-innen me. 
   22. Ich am don oway as shadowe, whan it bowe+t doun, & ich   #
am
shaken out as grashoppes.
   23. Myn knowes ben sike led of fastyng, & my flesshe is      #
chaunged
for oile.
   24. And ich am made to hem vpbraidynge; & hij sei+gen me, &  #
styreden
her heuedes.
   25. Ha Lord, my God, helpe me; make me sauf efter +ty mercy.
   26. And hij shul wyten +tat +tys his +tyn helpe, and +tou,   #
Lord,
made it.
<P 138>
   27. Hij shul waryen, and +tou shalt bliscen; be hii          #
confounded +tat
arisen o+gains me, & +ty seruant shal gladen.
   28. Ben hij clo+ted wy+t shame +tat bacbiten me, ben hij     #
couered wy+t
confusion as wy+t double clo+tyng.
   29. Y shal shryue michel to our Lord in my mou+te, & y shal  #
herien
hym amiddes mani,
   30. +Te [{wich{] stode at +te ry+gt-half of +te pouer in     #
gost, +tat he made
me sauf fram +te pursuand my soule.

[}PSALM 109 [\(110)\] .}]

   1. +Te Lord, fader of heuen, seid to his sone, my Lord,      #
Sitt +tou at my
ry+gthalf,
   2. +Ter-whiles +tat y sett +tyn enemys shamel of +ty fete.
   3. Our Lord shal sende fram Syon Marie, +te +gerde of +ty    #
vertu; lordship
+tou in-middes +tin enemys.
   4. +Te bi-ginynge is wy+t +te in +te daie of +ty uertu in    #
shinynges of
holy, ymade wy+t me of my pouste to-fore Lucifer.
   5. Our Lord swore, and it ne shal nou+gt for+tenchen hym;    #
+tou art
prest wy+touten ende efter +te order of Melchisedech.
   6. Our Lord is at +ty ry+gthalf, & he shal for-don kynges    #
in +te daie
of his ire.
   7. He shal iuge in kyndes & fulfil[{len{] fallinges; he      #
shal crouse in er+te
+te wicked dedes of mani.
   8. He drank in +te way of +te wille of grace, for-+ty he     #
he+ged his heued.

[}PSALM 110 [\(111)\] .}]

   1. Lord, y shal shryue to +te in al myn hert in +te conseil  #
& in +te
gaderyng of ry+gtful.
<P 139>
   2. +Te werkes of our Lord be grete, so+gt in-to alle his     #
willes.
   3. His werk ys shryf and hereing, & his ry+gtfulnes wone+t   #
in +te heuen.
   4. Our Lord piteful & merciful made minde of his wondres;    #
he +gaf
mete to +te doutand hym.
   5. He shal be bi+tenchand in +te world of his testament; he  #
shal tellen
to his folk +te vertu of his werkes.
   6. +Tat he +gaf hem heritage of men, +te werkes of his       #
hondes ben
so+tenisse & iugement.
   7. Alle hys comaundement+g ben trew, confermed in +te        #
worled of 
world, made in so+tenes & euenhede.
   8. Our Lord sent raunsoun to his folk, & comaunded hys       #
testament 
wy+t-outen ende.
   9. His name is holy & dredeful, +te biginnyng of wisdome is  #
dredyng
of our Lord.
   10. Gode vnderstondynge ys to alle doand [{hym{] ; his       #
hereing wone+t
in +te heuens.

[}PSALM 111 [\(112)\] .}]

   1. Blisced be +te man +tat doute+t our Lord; he shal wil     #
greteliche in
his comaundement+g.
   2. His sede shal be ry+gtful in er+te; +te kynde of +te      #
ry+gtful shal be 
blisced.
   3. Glorie & riches ben in his hous, & his ry+gtfulnes        #
wone+t in heuens.
   4. Ly+gt hys sprungen in derkenes to +te ry+gtful; merciful  #
& reuful &
ri+gtful.    
   5. +Tat man shal be ioieful +tat ha+t pite and lane+t &      #
ordeine+t his
wordes in iugement, for he ne shal nou+gt be stired wy+t-outen  #
ende.
   6. +Te ry+gtful shal be in mynde euerlastand, & he ne shal   #
nou+gt douten
of iuel hereing.
<P 140>
   7. Hys hert is di+gt to hope in our Lord, & his hert is      #
confermed; & he
shal nou+gt be stired to +tat he despise his enemis.
   8. He de-parted, & +gaf to pouer; is ry+gtfulnes wones in    #
+te heuens, his
heued shal be an-he+ged in glorie. 
   9. +Te syn+ger shal sen is iuel and be wro+te, and he shal   #
gnaist wy+t his
te+t for pynes, and he shal failen of holines; +te desire of    #
+te syn+gers shal
peris.

[}PSALM 112 [\(113)\] .}]

   1. Ha +ge childer, herie+t our Lord, herie+t +te name of     #
our Lord. 
   2. Be +te name of our Lord blisced, nou of +tis & vnto       #
heuen.
   3. +Te name of our Lord ys wor+tshipful fram +te bir+te of   #
+te sunne vnto
+te going-doun.
   4. Our Lord is he+ge vp alle men, & his glorie his vp        #
heuens.
   5. Who is as God, our Lord, +tat wone+t on he+gt & loked to  #
+te meke
+tinges in heuen & in er+te?
   6. Liftand +te mysays fram +ter+te & dressand up +te pouer   #
out of dung,
   7. +Tat he sett him wy+t princes, wy+t princes of his folk;
   8. +Tat do+t +te barain moder of childer to wonen in +te     #
hous ioyand.

[}PSALM 113 [\(114)\] .}]

   1. In +te out-going of +te childer of Israel of Egipt, of    #
+te men of Iacob
hous [{fram{] +te strange folk,
   2. Iude is made his halwyng, Israel is made his pouste.
   3. +Te see sa+ge hem, & fled hem; and so his +te flum        #
Iordan [{turned{]
o+gain[{ward{] .
   4. Hij heden +te mounteyns as we+teres, & +te littel hilles  #
as lambren 
of shepe.
<P 141>
   5. Ha +tou see, what +tyng is to +te, +tat tou fleddest,     #
& +tou flum
Iordan, for +tou art turned o+gainward?
   6. Ha +ge childer of Israel, +ge anhe+ged +te mounteyns      #
[{as we+teres{] and
+te littel hulles as lambren of shepe.
   7. +Te er+te is stired fram +te face of our Lord, fram +te   #
face of God 
of Iacob;
   8. +Te which turned +te stone to flodes of waters and +te    #
roche to welles
of waters.
   [\PSALM 115.\]  1. Nou+gt to us, Lord, nou+gt to us; bot     #
+gif glorie to 
+ty name. 
   2. Be we vp +ty mercy and vp +ty so+tenes, +tat +te folk ne  #
say nou+gt,
Wher is her God?
   3. For-so+te our God is [{in{] heuen; he made al +tyng +tat  #
he wolde.
   4. +Te ymagerie of men wy+t-outen lawe ben gold and seluer,  #
werkes of
mennes hondes.
   5. Hij han mou+te, & hij ne shal nou+gt speken; hij han      #
e+gen, & hij ne
shal nou+gt se.
   6. Hij han eren, and hij ne shul nou+gt [{heren; hij{] han   #
noses, and
hij ne shul nou+gt smullen.
   7. Hij han hondes, & hij ne shul nou+gt fele; hij han fete,  #
& hij ne
shul nou+gt gon; hij ne shul nou+gt crien in her +trote.
   8. Hij +tat maken hem be liche to hem, & hij +tat affien in  #
hem.
   9. +Te folk of +te hous of Israel hoped in our Lord; he is   #
her helper &
her defendour.
   10. +Te hous of Aaron hoped in our Lord; he his her          #
helpe[{r{] & her
defendour.
   11. Hij +tat dreden our Lord hoped in our Lord, he his her   #
helper & 
her defendour.
<P 142>
   12. Our Lord was +tenchand on vs, and blesced us. 
   13. He blisced +te folk of Israel, he blesced +te folk of    #
Aaron.
   14. He blisced alle +tat douten our Lord, +te littel wy+t    #
+te mechel.
   15. Cast our Lord grace vp +gou, vp +gou & up +gour sones.
   16. Blisced be he god of our Lord, +tat made heuen and       #
er+te.
   17. +Te heuens +gauen heuen to our Lord, & he +gaf +ter+te   #
to mennes sones.
   18. +Te dampned, Lord, ne shul nou+gt herien +te, ne alle    #
+to +tat
descenden in-to helle.
   19. Bot we +tat lyuen. blisce our Lord nou and +tanne vnto   #
+te worled.

[}PSALM 114 [\(116)\] .}]
   
   1. Ich loued our Lord; for our Lord shal here +te voice of   #
my praier.
   2. For he bowed his ere to me, & y shal clepe him in mi      #
daies.
   3. Sorowes of de+t +gede a-bou+gt me, & +te perils of helle  #
fonde me.
   4. Y funde tribulacion & sorowe, & cleped +te name of our    #
Lord.
   5. Ha +tou Lord, ry+gtful & merciable, deliuer my soule;     #
and our Lord
ha+t mercy. 
   6. Our Lord is kepand +te littel; ich am made buxum, & he    #
deliuered
me of iuels.
   7. Turne my soule in-to +ty reste, for our Lord ha+t don     #
wele to me.
   8. For he defended my soule fram de+t, myn e+gen fram        #
teres, myn fete
fram slideinge.
   9. Y shal pleise to our Lord in +te kyngdom of +te leueand.

[}PSALM 115 [\(116 CONTINUED)\] .}]

   1. Y byleued +tat y spake; ich am for-so+te michel lowed.
   2. Y said in my passing, Ich man is li+ger.
<P 143>
   3. What +tyng shal y +geue to our Lord for alle +tyng +tat   #
he ha+t +geuen
to me?
   4. Y shal take +te chalice of hel+te & clepe +te name of     #
our Lord.
   5. Y shal +gelde to our Lord myn [{v{]owes to-fore alle his  #
folk; +te de+t
of his holy is precious in +te si+gt of our Lord. 
   6. Ha Lord, for +tat ich am +ty seruaunt & +te sone of +tyn  #
hondemaiden,
   7. +Tou to-brak myn bondes; y shal sacrefie to +te offrand   #
of hereing,
& y shal clepen +te name of our Lord.
   8. Y shal +gelde vowes to our Lord in +te si+gt of alle his  #
folke, in +te
halles of +te hous of our Lord amiddes of Ierusalem.

[}PSALM 116 [\(117)\] .}]

   1. +Ge alle folkes, herie+t our Lord; +ge alle folkes,       #
herie+t hym.
   2. For his mercy is confermed vp us, and +te so+tenes of     #
our Lord
wone+t wy+t-outen ende.

[}PSALM 117 [\(118)\] .}]

   1. +Te folkes, shriue+t to our Lord, for he his God; for     #
his mercy is in 
+te worled. 
   2. Saie nov +te folk of Israel, for he his god, for in +te   #
world is his mercy.
   3. Saie nov +te hous of +te folk of Aaron, for his mercy ys  #
in +te world.
   4. Saien hij nov +tat dreden our Lord, for in +te wor[{l{]d  #
is his mercy.
   5. Ich cleped our Lord in my tribulacioun, and our Lord      #
herd me
in brede.
   6. Be our Lord myn helper, & y shal despisen myn enemys.
   7. Gode is to affien in our Lord +tan to affien in man.
   8. Gode is to hopen in our Lord +tan to hopen in princes.
<P 144>
   9. Alle folkes wy+t-outen lawe bisett me wy+t iuels, and in  #
+te name of
our Lord; for ich am venged in hem.
   10. +Te encumpassand iuels encumpassed me wy+t iuels, and    #
in +te name
of our Lord; for ich am venged in hem.
   11. Hij encumpassed me as ben, & brenden as fur in +tornes,  #
& in +te
name of our Lord; for ich [{am{] venged in hem.
   12. Ich am putt o+gain & turned o+gain, +tat y shuld         #
fallen, & our Lord
toke me vp.
   13. Our Lord ys my streng+te & myn hereing, & he is made to  #
me 
in-to hel+te.
   14. He is voice of ioie & of hel+te in +te tabernacles of    #
ry+gtful.
   15. +Te help of our Lord did vertu, +te helpe of our Lord    #
anhe+ged me,
+te helpe [{of{] our Lord did vertu.
   16. Y ne shal no+gt dien, bot y shal liuen & telle +te       #
werkes of our Lord.
   17. Our Lord chastiand chastied [{me{] , & ne +gaf me        #
nou+gt to de+t.
   18. Opene+t to me +te +gates of ri+gtfulnes; ich, entred     #
in-to hem, shal
shriue to our Lord; +tat is +te +gate of our Lord, +te          #
ry+gtful shul entren
+ter-inne.
   19. Y shal shryue to +te, for +tou herd me; & +tou art made  #
to me 
in-to hel+te. 
   20. +Te stone which +te biggand reproued, and it is made     #
o+gain +te heued
of +te corner.
   21. +Tis +tynge is made of our Lord, and it is wonder-ful    #
in our e+gen.
   22. +Tis ys +te daie +tat our Lord made; ioie we, glade we   #
in yt.
   23. Ha Lord, make me sauf; ha Lord, be +tou wele             #
enprospered;
blisced be he +tat come+t in +te name of our Lord.
   24. We haue blisced +gou of +te hous of our Lord; God is     #
our Lord, and
he shone vnto vs.
<P 145>
   25. Stablis +te solempne daie in +tikkenesses vnto corner    #
of +te auter.
   26. +Tou art my God, & y shal shryue to +te; [{+tou art my   #
God, & y 
shal an-he+ge +te{] .
   27. Y shal shryue to +te, for +tou herd me; and +tou art     #
made to me 
into hel+te.
   28. Shriue+t to our Lord, for he his God; for his mercy is   #
in +te world.

<P 145>
[}PSALM 118 [\(119)\] .}]
[}ALEPH.}]

   1. +Te vnfiled in her waie ben blisced, +tat gon in +te      #
lawe of
our Lord.
   2. Ben hi blesced +tat sechen his witnes & sechen hem in     #
alle his hert.
   3. For hij +tat wirchen wickednes, ne +gede nou+gt in his    #
waies.
   4. +tou comaunded +ty comaundement to ben greteliche kept.
   5. God +gyf +tat min waies ben dresced for to kepe +ty       #
ry+gtfulnes.
   6. +Tanne shal y nou+gt be confounded, whan ichaue loked in  #
alle +tyn
comaundement+g.
   7. Y shal shryue to +te in drescynge of hert, in +tat        #
ichaue lerned +te
iugement+g of +ty ry+gtfulnes.
   8. Y shal kepe +ty ry+gtfulnes; ne forsake me nou+gt in no   #
manere.

[}BETH.}]

   9. In what +tynge amende+t +te +genge man his waie in        #
keping +ty wordes?
   10. Ichaue bi-so+gt +te in alle myn hert, ne putt me nou+gt  #
owaie fram
+tyne comaundement+g.
   11. Ich hidde +ty spekynges in myn hert, +tat y ne syn+ge    #
nou+gt to +te.
   12. Ha Lord, +tou art blisced; teche me +ty ry+gtfulnisses.
<P 146>
   13. Ichaue shewed for-+te in myn lippes a[{ll{]e +te         #
iugement+g of +ty
mou+te. 
   14. Ich delithed me in +te waie of +ty witnisses as in alle  #
riches.
   15. Y shal be haunted in +ty comaundement, & y shal sen      #
+tyn waies.
   16. Y shal be +tenchand in +tyn ry+gtfulnesses, & y ne shal  #
nou+gt
for-+gete +tyn wordes.

[}GYMEL.}]

   17. Ha God, +gif grace to +ty seruaunt, & quike me; & y      #
shal kepe
+tyn wordes.
   18. Shewe myn e+gen, and y shal kepe +te wondres of +ty      #
lawe.
   19. Ich am tilier in er+te, ne hide +tou no+gt fram me +tyn  #
comaundement.
   20. My soule ha+t couaited for to desiren +ty                #
ry+gtfulnesses in alle time.
   21. +Tou blamed +te proude; hij ben weried +tat bowen fram   #
+tyn 
comaundement.
   22. Do fro me vpbradeing & despite, for ich haue so+gt +tyn  #
witnisses.
   23. For princes seten and spoken o+gains me; +tin seruaunt   #
for-so+te was
haunted in +ty ri+gtynnges.
   24. For my +tou+gt is +ty witnisses, & +ty ry+gtfulnisses    #
ben m[{i{] conseil.

[}BELETH.}]

   25. My soule drow to stablenes; quike me efter +ty worde. 
   26. Ich told myn waies, and +tou herdest me; teche me +ty    #
ry+gtfulnisses.
   27. Teche me +te way of +ty ry+gtfulnes, and y shal be       #
haunted in +ty
wondres.
<P 147>
   28. My soule tremble+t for anguisse; conferme me in +ty      #
wordes.
   29. Do fro me +te way of wickednes, & haue mercy on me for   #
+ty lawe.
   30. Y chese +te way of +te so+tenes, and y ne for-gate       #
nou+gt +tyn 
iugement+g.
   31. Lord, y dro+g to +tyn wittenisses, ne wil +tou nou+gt    #
confounde me.
   32. Ichaue vrnen +te wai of +ty comaundement+g, as tou       #
enlarged mi hert
in godnisse.

[}HE.}]

   33. Sett, Lord, lawe to me, way of +tyn ry+gtynges, & y      #
shal euer
seche it. 
   34. +Gif me vnderstondyng; and y shal seche +ty lawe & kepe  #
it in 
alle myn hert.
   35. Lade me in +te bi-sti+ge of +ty comaundement, for ich    #
wold it.
   36. Bowe myn hert into +ty witnisses, & nou+gt in-to         #
auarice.
   37. Turne owai myn e+gen, +tat y ne se no uanites; quik me   #
in +ty waie.
   38. Stablisce to +ty seruant +ty worde in +ty drede.
   39. Schre[{d{] owai my reproce, +tat ich haue in             #
suspeccioun; for +tyn
iugement+g ben ioiful.
   40. Se, ich couaited +ty comaundement+g; quike me in +tin    #
euennisse.

[}VAU.}]

   41. & cum +ty mercy, Lord, vp me, +tyn hel+te efter +ty      #
spekynge.
   42. And y shal answere to +te reprouaund to me word, for     #
ich hoped in
+ty wordes. 
   43. And ne do +tou no+gt out of my mou+te worde of so+tenes  #
in non
maner, for ich hoped in +tin iugement.
   44. And y shal kepe +ty lawe euer more in +te world and in   #
+te heuen.
   45. And ich +gede in brede, for ichaue sou+gt +tyn           #
comaundement+g.
<P 148>
   46. And y spake of +tin witnes in sy+gt of kynges, & y ne    #
was nou+gt
confounded.
   47. And y shal +tenchen in +tin comaundement+g, which y      #
loued.
   48. Y ne lefted myn hondes to +ty comaundement+g, +tat y     #
loued; and
y shal be haunted in +ty ri+gtinges.

[}ZAI.}]

   49. Be +to bi+tenchand on +ty worde to +ty seruaunt, in      #
which +tou +gaf
me hope.
   50. +Tis hope conforted me in my meknes, for +ti spekyng     #
quikened me.
   51. +Te proude deden iuel on ich a side; y for-so+te ne      #
bowed nou+gt
fram +ty lawe.
   52. Ich was, Lord, bi+tenchand on +ty iugement+g of +te      #
world, & ich
[{am{] conforted.
   53. Defaut held me for +te syn+gers for-sakand +ti lawe.
   54. +Ty ri+gtinges were songelich to me instede of my        #
pilgrimage.
   55. Ich was, Lord, bi-+tenchand of +ty name in +te ni+gt, &  #
ich kept 
+ty lawe. 
   56. +Ty[{s{] lawe is made to me, for +tat y so+gt +tyn       #
ri+gtinges.

[}BETH.}]

   57. Ha Lord, myn porcioun, y seid to kepen +ty lawe.
   58. Ich bi-+tou+gt +ty face in alle min hert; haue mercy on  #
me efter
+ty worde.
   59. Ich bi-+tou+gt myn waies, and turned my fet into +ty     #
witnesses.
   60. Ich am made redy; & y nam nou+gt ytroubled, +tat y kepe  #
+ty 
comandement+g.
<P 149>
   61. +Te wickednisses of sin+gers enbraceden me, & y ne       #
for-+gate nou+gt
+ty law. 
   62. Ich ros vp at midni+gt to shriue to +te vp +te iugement  #
of +ty ri+gtinge.
   63. Ich am partener of alle +te dredand +te & kepand +ty     #
comaundement+g.
   64. +Ter+te, Lord, is ful of +ty mercy; teche me +tin        #
ry+gtinges.

[}TETH.}]

   65. Lord, +tou didest godenes wi+t +ty seruaunt efter +ty    #
worde.
   66. Teche me godenes, discipline, and cuninge; for ich       #
bileued in +ty 
comaundement. 
   67. Y trespassed to-forn +tat y was lowed; for-+ty y kept    #
+ty worde.
   68. +Tou art gode; & teche in +ty godenes +tyn ry+gtynges.
   69. +Te wicked[{nes{] of pride is multiplied up me; y shal   #
seche for-so+te
in alle myn hert +tyn comaundement+g.
   70. Her hert is runnen to-gideres as milk, ich for-so+te     #
so+gt +ty lawe.
   71. Gode +ting it is to me, +tat +tou lowedest me, +tat ich  #
lerne +ty
ri+gtinges.
   72. Gode +tyng ys to me +te lawe of +ty mou+te vp a          #
+tousand talens of
seluer & gold.

[}LOTH.}]

   73. +Tyn hondes made me, & fourmed me; +geue me              #
vnderstondynge, +tat
ich lern +tyn comaundement+g.
   74. Hij +tat dreden +te shul sen me & gladen, for ich vp     #
hoped in +ty
wordes.
   75. Ich knew, Lord, +tat +tyn iugement ben euenhede, & +tou  #
lowedest
me in +ty so+tnes.
<P 150>
   76. Be +ty mercy made +tat it conforted me; be it made to    #
+ty seruaunt
efter +ty worde.
   77. Cum to me +tyn mercies, & y shal liue; for +ty lawe is   #
my 
+tenching.
   78. Ben +t[{e{] proude confounded, for hij diden wickednes   #
in me wy+t
wrong; y for so+te shal be haunted in +ty comaundement+g.
   79. Be +te dredand +te turned to me, & hij +tat knowen +ty   #
witnes.
   80. Be myn hert made vnfiled in +ty ri+gtinges, +tat ich ne  #
be nou+gt
confounded.

[}CHAP.}]

   81. My soule failed in +tin hel+te, & ich hoped in +ti       #
worde.
   82. Min e+gen faileden in +ty worde, saiand, Whan shal tou   #
conforten me?
   83. For ich am made as way in rimfrost; y ne haue nou+gt     #
for+geten +ty
ri+gtinges.
   84. Hou mani ben +te daies of +ti seruaunt? whan shalt tou   #
make 
iugement of +te pursuand me?
   85. +Te wicked telden me tales, ac nou+gt as +ti law.
   86. Alle +tyn comaundement+g ben so+tnes; +te wicked         #
pursued me, helpe
+tou me.
   87. Hij hadden nere honde casten me in er+te, for-so+te y    #
ne for-soke
nou+gt +tin comaundement.
   88. Quike me efter +ty mercy, & y shal kepe +te wittnisses   #
of +ti mou+te.

[}LAMETH.}]

   89. Lord, +ti worde dwelle+t wy+t-outen ende in heuen.
   90. +Ty so+tnes is in kinde & kinde; +tou founded +ter+te,   #
& it dwelle+t.
   91. +Te daie laste+t +tur+g +tin ordinaunce, for alle        #
+tinges seruen to +te.
<P 151>
   92. Bot +tat +ty lawe is mi +tou+gt, +tan peraunter ich had  #
perissed in my
lowenisse.
   93. Y ne shal nou+gt for-+gete +tin ri+gttinges wy+t-outen   #
ende, for +tou
quiked me in hem.
   94. Ich am +ty; make me sauf, for ichaue so+gt +ti           #
ry+gtinges.
   95. Sin+gers abiden me, +tat hij shuld destruen me; ichaue   #
vnderstonden 
+ty witnesses.
   96. Ich sei+ge +te endeing of alle fulfilling, [{+ti         #
comaundement is much
large{] .

[}MEM.}]

   97. Hou, Lord, loued ich +ty lawe? al dai it is my +tou+gt.
   98. +Tou madest me quainte vp myn enemis to +ti              #
comaundement, for it
is to me wi+t-outen ende.
   99. Ich vnderstode vp alle techand me; for ich +tou+gt +tin  #
witnisses ben
mi +tou+gt.
   100. Ich vnderstode vp +te olde, for ich so+gt +tin          #
comaundement.
   101. Ich defended mi fete fram ich iuel way, +tat ich kepe   #
+tin wordes.
   102. Y ne bowed nou+gt fram +tin iugement, for +tou sett     #
lawe to me.
   103. Ful swete ben +ti wordes to mi cheke, more +tan huni    #
to my
mou+te. 
   104. Ich vnderstode witt of +ty comaundement, for-+ti ich    #
hated ich
way of wickednes.

[}NUN.}]

   105. +Ty worde is lanterne to mi fete & li+gt to my bisties.
   106. Ich swore & stablist to kepe +te iugement+g of +ty      #
ri+gtfulnes.
   107. Ich am lowed on ich half; quicke me efter +tyn worde.
<P 152>
   108. Make, Lord, +te wilful +tinges of mi mou+te in gode     #
plesaunce, &
teche me +tin iugement.
   109. My soule is alway in myn hondes, & y ne haue nou+gt     #
for-+geten +ti lawe.
   110. Sin+gers laiden gnare to me, and y ne erred nou+gt for  #
+ty 
comaundement+g.
   111. Ichaue purchased wy+t-outen ende +tin witnesses in      #
heritage, for
hij ben +te ioie of min hert.
   112. Ich bowed min hert to do +ty ri+gtinges wy+t-outen      #
ende for mede.

[}SAMEC.}]

   113. Ich hade +te wicked in hateing, & ich loued +ti lawe.
   114. +Tou art min helper & mi taker, & ich hoped in +ti      #
worde.
   115. Ha +ge wicked, [{b{]owe+t fram me, and y shal sechen    #
+te comaundement 
of my God. 
   116. Take me efter +ty worde, and y shal leuen; & ne         #
confounde me
nou+gt fram myn abidyng.
   117. Helpe me, & y shal be sauf; & y shal euermore +tenchen  #
in +ty
ri+gtinges.
   118. +Tou despised alle +te descendand fram +tin             #
iugement+g; for her
+tou+gt is wrongful. 
   119. Ich told alle +te sin+gers of er+te for-fetand;         #
for-+ty loued ich +ty
wittnesses. 
   120. Feche my flesshes in +ti drede, for y was agaist of     #
+ty iugement+g.

[}AYM.}]

   121. Ich did iugement & ri+gt, ne +gif me nou+gt to +te      #
chalangand me.
   122. Take vp +ti seruaunt in gode, +tat +te proude ne        #
chalenge me nou+gt.
<P 153>
   123. Min e+gen faileden in +tin hel+te & in +te worde of     #
+ti ri+gt.
   124. Do wy+t +ty seruaunt efter +ty mercy, & teche me +ti    #
ri+gtinges.
   125. Ich am +ti seruaunt; +gif to me vnderstondynge, +tat    #
ich cunne +ti 
witnesses.
   126. Lord, it is time to do wreche, +te wicked han wasted    #
+ti lawe.
   127. For-+ti loue ich +ti comaundement vp gold & topaz.
   128. For-+ti was ich dresced to +ti comaundement, & ichad    #
alle iuel
way in hatynge.

[}PHE.}]

   129. Ha Lord, wonderful ben +tin witnesses; for-+ti my       #
soule 
so+gt hem.
   130. +Te shewynge of +tin wordes ali+gte+t me, & +geue+t     #
vnderstondyng to
litel.
   131. Ich opened my mou+te, & dro+ge +te gost, for +tat ich   #
desired +ti
comaundement+g.
   132. Loke in me, & haue mercy on me efter +te iugement+g of  #
hem +tat
louen +ti name.
   133. Dresce min goinges efter +ti worde, & al                #
vnri+gt-fulnes ne lord-ship
me nou+gt. 
   134. Raunsoun me fram +te chalanges of men, +tat ich kepe    #
+tin 
comaundement+g.
   135. Li+gt +ti face vp +ti seruant, & teche me +ty           #
ri+gtinges.
   136. Myn e+gen ladden outgoinges of waters, for +tat hij     #
kepten +ti lawe.

[}SADE.}]

   137. Lord, +tou art ri+gtful, & +ti iugement+g is ri+gtful.
   138. +Tou sendest ri+gtfulnesses +tin wittnesses & +ti       #
so+tenes greteliche.
   139. Mi loue made me to quaken, for +tyn enemis for+gaten    #
+tin wordes.
<P 154>
   140. +Ty worde is michel ali+gted, and +tin seruaunt loued   #
it.
   141. Ich am honge & despised, and y ne haue nou+gt           #
for-+geten +tin
ri+gtinges.
   142. +ty ri+gt, Lord, is ri+gt wy+t-outen ende, & +ti lawe   #
is so+tenes.
   143. Tribulacioun and anguis founden me; my +tou+gt is +ti   #
comaundement.
   144. +Ti witnesses ben euenhede wy+t-outen ende; +gif me     #
vnderstondynge,
and y shal lyuen.

[}CEPH.}]

   145. Ich cried in alle myn hert; Lord, her me, y shal        #
sechen +ty
ri+gtinges.
   146. Ich cried to +te; make me sauf, +tat ich kepe +tin      #
comaundement.
   147. Ich com for-+te in melshede & cried, & ich hoped in     #
+tyn worde.
   148. Min e+gen com to-fore to +te in +te morwening, +tat     #
ich +tou+gt +tin
wordes.
   149. Here my voice, Lord, efter +ty mercy, and quick me      #
after +ty
iugement.
   150. +Te persuand me drowen to wickednesse; hij for so+te    #
ben made
fer fram +ty lawe.
   151. Lord, +tou art ne+ge, & alle +tin waies ben so+tenes.
   152. Ich knew fram +te bigynnyng of +ti wittnesses, for      #
+tou fonded
hem wy+t-outen ende.

[}RES.}]

   153. Se my mekenisse, & defende me fram iuel; for y ne       #
for-+gate nou+gt
+ty lawe.
   154. Iuge my iugement, & bigge me o+gain, & quike me for     #
+ti worde.
   155. Hel+te his fer fram sin+gers, for hij ne sou+gt nou+gt  #
+ty ri+gtfulnesses. 
   156. Lord, +ty mercius ben mani; quike me efter +ty          #
iugement.
<P 155>
   157. Mani +ter ben +tat pursuen me; y ne bowe[{d{] nou+gt    #
fram +ty witnes.
   158. Ich sei+ge +te forfetours, & ich quaked, for +tat hij   #
ne kep nou+gt
+ty wordes.
   159. Se, Lord, for ich loued +tin comaundement+g; quike me   #
in +ty mercy.
   160. +Te by-ginnyng of +ty wordes is so+t; so ben            #
wi+t-outen ende alle 
+te iugement+g of +ty ri+gtfulnisse.

[}SYN.}]

   161. Princes pursued me wy+t wille, & myn hert dradde of     #
+tin wordes.
   162. Y shal glade vp +ti wordes, as he +tat finde+t many     #
spolinges.
   163. Ichade wickednisse in hateinge, and ich lo+ted it, &    #
loued +ty lawe.
   164. Ich seid hereinge to +te seuen si+tes on +te daie vp    #
+te iugement of
+ti ri+gt. 
   165. Muchel pes is to +te louand +ty lawe, & sclaunder nis   #
nou+gt to hem.
   166. Ich abode, Lord, +tin hel+te, and ich loued +tin        #
comaundement+g.
   167. My soule kept +ti witnesses, & ich loued hem            #
greteliche.
   168. Ich kept +ty comaundement+g & +ti witnisses, for alle   #
my waies ben 
in +ty si+gt.
   
[}THAU.}]

   169. Cum, Lord, my praier in +ty si+gt; gif me               #
vnder-stondynge efter +ty 
worde.
   170. [\LATIN AND ENGLISH OMITTED.\]
   171. My lippes shul shewe songe, whan +tou hast tau+gt me    #
+ty ri+gtinges.
   172. My tunge shal putt for+te +ty worde, for al +ty         #
comaundement+g ben 
euenhede.
   173. Ben +tin honde made +tat it saue me, for +tat ich       #
loued +ty 
comaundement+g.
   174. Lord, ich loued +tin hel+te, & +ty lawe is my +tou+gt.
   175. My soule shal lyuen & herien +te, & +ti iugement+g      #
shal helpe me.
<P 156>
   176. Ich erred as a shepe +tat perissed; seche, Lord, +ty    #
seruant, for y
ne for+gate no+gt +ty comaundement.

[}PSALM 119 [\(120)\] .}]

   1. Ich cried to our Lord, as ich was trubled, & he herd me.
   2. Lord, deliuer my soule fram +te wicked lippes & fram +te  #
trecherous
tunge.
   3. What +tinge be +geuen to +te? o+ter what be sett to +te   #
trecherous
tunge?
   4. Sharpe arwen of +te mi+gtful wy+t coles dis-confortables.
   5. Alas to me; for my dwellynge is proloyngned; ich woned    #
wi+t +te
woniand of Cedar, my soule was tilier michel.
   6. Ich whas peisible wy+t hem +tat hateden pes; as y spak to #
hem, hij
smiten me wy+t wille.

[}PSALM 120 [\(121)\] .}]

   1. Ich lifted myn e+gen to +te heuens, whennes helpe com to  #
me.
   2. Myn helpe is of our Lord, +tat made heuen and er+te.
   3. Ha +tou gode man, +tat God +tat kepe+t +te ne +gif        #
nou+gt +ty fote in
stirynge, ne he ne shal nou+gt refusen hem.
   4. Our Lord kepe+t +te, & our Lord is +ty fendour vp +ti     #
ri+gt honde.
   5. Brynynge of vice ne shal nou+gt brulen +te bi daie, ne    #
enticement
bi ni+gt.
   6. Our Lord kepe+t +te fram alle iuels; our Lord kepe +ti    #
soule.
   7. Our Lord kepe +tin entre and +tin yssu fram +tis nov      #
vnto +te world.

<P 157>
[}PSALM 121 [\(122)\] .}]

   1. Ich am gladed in +te +tynges +tat ben yseid to me; we     #
shul go into 
+te hous of our Lord.
   2. Ha +tou heuen, our fete wer stondand in +tin halles,      #
whan we
do wele.
   3. +Te heuen +tat is edefied as cite, of wham takyng part    #
is in +tat ich
+ting. 
   4. For +tider mounted +te kyn[{d{]es of kindes of our Lord,  #
+te witnesse of
+te childer of Israel, to shriue to +te name of our Lord.
   5. For +tat satten +te chosen in iugement, +te chosen vp     #
+te folk of +te
hous of Dauid.
   6. Ha +ge heuens, aske+t +tinges +tat ben in pes & wexing    #
be to +te
louand +te.
   7. Be pes made in +ty vertu & wexing in +ty mi+gtes.
   8. [\TRANSLATION OMITTED.\]
   9. For +te houus of God, our Lord, y so+gt godes to +te.


[}PSALM 122 [\(123)\] .}]

   1. +Tou +tat wonest in +te heuens, ich lifte myn e+gen to    #
+te.
   2. Se, as +te e+gen of +te seruauntes ben in +te hondes of   #
her lordes;
   3. As +te e+gen of +te hondemaiden ben in +te [{hondes{] of  #
+te ladi, so 
ben our e+gen to God, +ter-whiles +tat he haue merci on vs.
   4. Ha mercy on vs, Lord, haue merci [{on{] us, for we ben    #
michel
fulfild of despite.
   5. For +tat our soule is greteliche fulfild wy+t syn+ges,    #
reprucynge be to 
+te wexyng & despite to +te proude.

<P 158>
[}PSALM 123 [\(124)\] .}]

   1. Bot +gif our Lord were in vs, sai nou +te folk of         #
Israel, bot +gif God
were in us:
   2. As men arisen o+gains vs, peraunter hij hadden deuoured   #
vs al
quike.
   3. As her wodeship was wro+te o+gains us, water peraunter    #
hade
swolwed vs. 
   4. Our soule passed trauail; perchaunce our soule had        #
passed peine
+tat maie nou+gt be suffred. 
   5. Blisced be our Lord, +tat ne +gaf vs nau+gt in takyng to  #
her te+te.
   6. Our soule is defended as +te sparowe fram +te gnare of    #
+te fouler.
   7. +Te trappe of +te fend is to-broke wy+t +te de+t of       #
Crist, & we ben
deliuered fro dampnacioun.
   8. Our helpe is in +te name of our Lord, +tat made heuen     #
and er+te.

[}PSALM 124 [\(125)\] .}]

   1. Hij +tat affien hem in our Lord, as +te folk of Syon,     #
ben gode; ne he
+tat wone+t in heuen ne shalt nou+gt be stired wi+t-outen ende.
   2. +Te ioies ben in his cumpas, & our Lord is in +te cumpas  #
of his folk
fram nou & into heuen.
   3. For our Lord ne shal nou+gt for-sake +te penaunce of +te  #
sin+ger[{s{] vp
+te lot of +te ri+gtful, +tat +te ri+gtful ne shewe nou+gt her  #
hondes to wickednes.
   4. Do wele, Lord, to +te gode & ri+gtful of hert.
   5. Our Lord shal laden +te bowand fram gode in-to bindeing   #
wy+t +te
wircheand wickednes; pes be vp +te folk of Israel.

<P 159>
[}PSALM 125 [\(126)\] .}]

   1. We ben made as conforted, our Lord turnand chaitifs of    #
+te folk
of Syon. 
   2. +Tan is our mou+te fulfild of ioie, & our tunge in        #
gladenes.
   3. +Tan shul hij saien a-monge men: Our Lord heried to do    #
wy+t
hem mercy.
   4. Our Lord heried to do wy+t us, so be we made ioiand.
   5. Lord, wil +tou turne our chaitifnes, as +ti grace is in   #
heuen.
   6. Hij +tat repenten her sin+ges in teres, hij shul liuen    #
in heuen
wi+t ioie.
   7. +Te dyand +gede out of +te world & wept, sendand her      #
dedes.
   8. And hij comaund in-to heuen shul cum wy+t ioie, berand    #
to God 
her honours.

[}PSALM 126 [\(127)\] .}]

   1. Bot +gif +gour Lord haue bigged +te hous in uain, hij     #
trauaileden
+tat it sett.
   2. Bot +gif our Lord haue kept +te cite, he +tat kepe+t it   #
wake+t al on 
idel.
   3. Ydel +ting it is to +gou for to arisen to-fore li+gt;     #
+ge +tat han don 
dedelich sin+ge, arise+t, sen +tat +ge han made dwelling.
   4. +Ge childer, marchaundis & frut of +te wombe, se+t +te    #
heritage of our
Lord, whan he had +geuen reste to his loued.
   5. As arwen ben in +te honde of +te mi+gtful, so ben +te     #
sones of +te
smiten.
   6. Blisced be +te man +tat fulfild his desire of hem; he ne  #
shal nou+gt
be confounded, as he shal speken to his enemis in +te +gate of  #
Paradis.

<P 160>
[}PSALM 127 [\(128)\] .}]

   1. Blisced ben hij al +tat dreden our Lord, +te which +tat   #
gon in his waies.
   2. Ha +tou man, +tou art blisced, & wele +te shal be, for    #
+tou shalt eten
+te trauailes of +tin hondes.
   3. +Ty wyf shal be as a vine wexand in +te sides of +tyn     #
hous.
   4. +Ty childer shul ben as braunches of oliues a-bout +ty    #
table.
   5. Se, +tus shal +te man be blisced +tat drede+t our Lord.
   6. +Te Lord of +te folk of Syon blisce +te, +tat tou se +te  #
godes of heuen
alle +te daies of +ty lif; 
   7. +Tat tou se +te sone[{s{] of +ti sones, pes vp +te        #
childer of Israel.

[}PSALM 128 [\(129)\] .}]

   1. +Te wicked foeten [^OR focten, MS. READING UNCLEAR^]      #
oft+g o+gains me fram my +geng+te, sai nou +te folk 
of Israel.
   2. +Te wicked fo+gten oft o+gains me fram my +gou+te, for    #
hij ne mi+gten 
nou+gt to me.
   3. +Te syn+gers forgeden folies vp my rigge, & hij           #
proloined her
wickednes.
   4. Our Lord ri+gtful shal keruen +te haterels of +te         #
sin+gers; ben hij alle
confounded & turned +tat hateden +te folk of Syon.
   5. Ben hij made as hai of houses +tat dried, ar +tat it be   #
drawen vp;
   6. Of which he +tat shal repen, ne fild nou+gt his honde,    #
ne he his bosme
+tat shal gader +te honde-fouls.
   7. And hij +tat passeden ne saiden nou+gt, +Te blisceing of  #
our Lord be
vp +gou, [{we blisced +gou{] in +te name of our Lord.

<P 161>
[}PSALM 129 [\(130)\] .}]

   1. Ich cried, Lord, to +te for +te depe; Lord, here my       #
uoice.
   2. Ben +tin eres made vnder-stondand to +te voice of mi      #
praier.
   3. Lord, +gif +tou hast kept wickednes, Lord, who shal       #
holde hem vp?
   4. For help is to +te, & ich susteined +te, Lorde, for +ty   #
lawe.
   5. My soule helde vp gode in his worde, my soule hoped in    #
our Lord.
   6. Hope +te folk of Israel in our Lord fram +te mornynge     #
kepinge vn-to
+te ni+gt.
   7. For merci is at our Lord, & at him is plentiuose          #
raunsoun.
   8. And he shal raunsoun +te folk of Israel fram alle her     #
wickednes.

[}PSALM 130 [\(131)\] .}]

   1. Lord, myn hert nis nou+gt anhe+ged, ne min e+gen ne ben   #
no+gt born
on he+ge.
   2. Ne ich ne +gede nou+gt in grete +tinges, ne in wonderful  #
+tinges vp me.
   3. +Gif y ne feld nou+gt lowelich, bot haue he+ged mi soule:
   4. As +te souking is vp his moder, so is +geldyng in my      #
soule.
   5. Hope +te folk of Israel in our Lord, nou fram +tis time   #
and to 
+te heuens.

[}PSALM 131 [\(132)\] .}]

   1. Bi-+tenche +te, Louerd, of Dauid & of alle his mildenes.
   2. As he swore to our Lord, he a[{v{]owed [{v{]owe to +te    #
God of Iacob.
   3. +Gif ichaue entred in-to +te tabernacle of mi hous, +gif  #
ichaue went
vp into +te bedde of myn apparaile;
<P 162>
   4. +Gif ichaue +geuen sleping to myn e+gen & slomeringe to   #
myn
e+gen-liddes,
   5. And rest to my tymes, +ter-whiles +tat ich finde stede    #
to our Lord,
tabernacle to God of Iacob:
   6. Se, we herd it in Effrata, we finde it in +te heuen.
   7. We shul entre in-to +te tabernacle of God, & we shul      #
anouren in +te
stede, +ter his fete stode.
   8. Arise, Lord, in-to +ti rest, +tou & +te houche of +tin    #
halwing.
   9. +Tyn prestes ben cladde wi+t ri+gt-fulnisses, & glade     #
+tin holi.
   10. Ne turne nou+gt +te face of +ti prest anoint wi+t creme  #
for Dauid, [{+ti{] 
seruant.
   11. Our Lord swore to Dauid so+tenes, & he ne shal nou+gt    #
deceiue him;
y shal laie vp +ti sege of +te frut of +ti wombe.
   12. +Gif +ti childer haue kept +te testament & +te           #
witnesses, +to +tinges +tat
y shal teche hem,
   13. Her childer shul siten vp +ti sete vn-to +te world.
   14. For our Lord ches +te folk of Syon, he ches hem in-to    #
wonyng
to him.
   15. +Tis wonyng is rest to me in heuen, her shal ich wone,   #
for iches it.
   16. Ich blisceand shal blisce his widowe, y shal fulfil his  #
pouer
of l[{o{]ues.
   17. Y shal clo+ten his prestes wi+t hel+te, & his holi shul  #
gladen [{wy+t{] ioie.
   18. [{+Ter{] shal y bringe for+te +te power of Dauid; and y  #
made rady +te
laterne to mi preste anoint wy+t creme.
   19. Y shal clo+te his enemis wi+t confusioun; myn halweing   #
for-so+te
shal florissen vp hym.

<P 163>
[}PSALM 132 [\(133)\] .}]

   1. Se, hou gode & hou ioiful +ting it is, bre+ter to wonen   #
in on;
   2. As onement in +te heued, +tat falle+t into +te berde,     #
+te berde of Aaron;
   3. +Te which fel in-to +te hemme of his clo+tinge, as dew    #
of Hermon +tat
fel in +te mounteine of Syon. 
   4. For our Lord sent +tider his blisceinge, and lif vnto +te #
heuen.

[}PSALM 133 [\(134)\] .}]

   1. Ha +ge alle seruantes of our Lord, se+t, blisce+t our     #
Lord nou.
   2. He +tat stonde in +te hous of our Lord, in +te halles of  #
our Goddes hous,
   3. He+ge+t your hondes bi ni+gtes in-to holi +tinges, &      #
blisce+t our Lord.
   4. Our Lord blisced +te, Marie of Syon, +tat made heuene &   #
er+te.

[}PSALM 134 [\(135)\] .}]

   1. Ha +ge seruaunt+g, herie+t our Lord, herie+t +te name of  #
our Lord.
   2. +Ge +tat stonde in +te hous of our Lord, in +te halles    #
of +te hous
of our Lord, 
   3. Herie+t our Lord, for he is gode; singe+t to his name,    #
for it is milde.
   4. For our Lord ches Iacob to him, Israel to him in          #
possessioun.
   5. For ich knew +tat our Lord is gret, and our God is        #
to-fore alle goddes.
   6. Our Lord made alle +tinges +tat he wolde, in heuen & in   #
er+te, in see
and in halle de[{peni{]sses.
   7. He his ladand out cloudes of +te last ende of +ter+te, &  #
he made
li+gtinges in raine.
<P 164>
   8. +Te which +tat putte+t for+te +te windes of his tresour,  #
+to which smote 
+te first borne of Egipt fram man vnto beste,
   9. And sett his to-knes & his wondres in-middes of +te       #
Egipt, o+gayn
Pharaon his seruauntes; 
   10. +Te which smote mani folkes, & slo+ge stronge kynges,
   11. Seon, Kyng of Amorreux,
   12. And Og, kyng of Basan,
   13. And alle +te kyngdomes of Chanaan.
   14. And he +gaf her [{londe{] heritage, into heritage to     #
his folk of
Israel.
   15. Lord, +ty name is wy+t-outen ende, +ti minde is in       #
kynde and in-to
kinde.
   16. For our Lord shal iuggen his folk and praie for his      #
seruauntes.
   17. [{+Te{] y-magerie of men ben seluer & gold, werkes of    #
mennes hondes.
   18. Hij han mou+te, and hij ne shul nou+gt speken; hij han   #
e+gen, and
ne shul nou+gt sen.
   19. Hij han eren, and hij ne shul nou+gt heren; and no gost  #
is in her
mou+te.
   20. Hij +tat maken hem be made lich to hem, and alle +tat    #
affien 
in hem.
   21. Ha he folk of Israel, blisce+t our Lord; ha +ge folk of  #
Aaron,
blisce+t our Lord.
   22. +Te folke of Leui, blisce+t our Lord; +ge +tat doute+t   #
our Lord, 
blisce+t our Lord.
   23. Blisced be our Lord of +te folk of Syon +tat wone+t in   #
heuen.

<P 165>
[}PSALM 135 [\(136)\] .}]

   1. Shriue+t to our Lord, for he is god, for hys merci is in  #
+te world.
   2. Shriue+t to +te God of goddes;
   3. Shriue+t to +te Lord of lordes;
   4. +Te which bi him on de+t grete wondres;
   5. +Te which made +te heuens in vnder-stondinge;
   6. +Te which fastened +ter+te vp waters; 
   7. +Te which made grete li+gtes,
   8. +Te sonne in-to +te mi+gt of +te dai,
   9. +Te mone and +te sterres in-to mi+gt of +te ni+gt;
   10. +Te which smote Egipt wy+t her first bi+geten.
   11. +Te which lad out +te childer of Israel fram amiddes     #
hem,
   12. In my+gt-ful [{h{]onde and he+ge arme;
   13. +Te wiche departed +te Reed See in departynges;
   14. +Te wi[{che{] lad +te folke of Israel +tur+g-out it;
   15. +Te which smote Pharaon and his vertu+g in +te Reed See;
   16. +Te which lad his folk +tour+g desert;
   17. +Te which smote grete kinges,
   18. And slo+ge stal-wor+t kinges,
   19. Seon, kynge of Amorreux,
   20. And Og, kyng of Basan,
   21. And alle +te kyngdoms of Chanaan.
   22. And he +gaf her londe heritage,
   23. Heritage to Israel, his seruaunt.
   24. +Te which was bi-+tenchand on us in our mekenes,
<P 166>
   25. And raunsouned vs fram our enemis;
   26. +Te which +geue+t mete to ich flesshe.
   27. Shriue+t to +te God of heuen;
   28. Shriue+t to +te Lord of lordes;
   29. For in +te world is his mercy.


[}PSALM 136 [\(138)\] .}]

   1. Y shal shriue, Lord, to +te in alle myn hert, for +tou    #
herdest +te
worde of my mou+te.
   2. Y shal singe to +te in +te si+gt of aungels, & y shal     #
anoure +te to +tin
holi temple, & ich shal shriue to +ti name,
   3. Vp +ti merci & +ti so+tenes; for +tou heried +tin holi    #
name vp alle +tinge.
   4. In whiche daie +tat ichaue cleped +te, her me; +tou       #
shalt multiplien
vertu in my soule.
   5. Shriue, Lord, to +te alle +te kinges of er+te; for hij    #
herden alle +te
wordes of +ti mou+te;
   6. +Tat hij singe in +te waies of our Lord, for +te glorie   #
of our Lord
is grete.
   7. For our Lord is he+ge; & he loke+t +te lowe +tinges, &    #
knowe+t +te 
he+ge +tinges fram fer.
   8. +Gif ich haue gon amiddes of [{my{] tribulacion, +tou     #
shalt quike me; &
+tou shewe+t +tin honde vp +te wra+te of min enemis; +ti mi+gt  #
made me sauf.
   9. Our Lord shal +gelden for me; +ti merci, Lord, [{is{] in  #
+te world; ne
despise +te werkes of +tin hondes.

[}PSALM 137.}]

   1. +Ter-whiles +tat we bi-+tou+gt vs of +te heuen, we satt   #
& wept +ter vp
+te assautes of +te fende.
<P 167>
   2. We heng our ioies in passand +tinges in-middes of him.
   3. Why hij, deuels, +tat ladden vs chaitifs, asked vs +ter   #
wordes of songes.
   4. And hij +tat ladden vs out of godenes, seiden to vs:      #
Singe+t to us of
+te songe of heuen. 
   5. Hou shul we singe +te s[{o{]nge of our Lord in iuel liif?
   6. Ha +ge folk of gode [{liif{] , seid our Lord, if +tat     #
ich for-+gete +gou,
be mi
mi+gt +geuen to for+getinge. 
   7. Fast drawe my tunge to my chekes, +gif y +tenche nou+gt   #
on +te.
   8. Yf y ne sett nou+gt for+te gode folk in +te biginnynge    #
of my ioie.
   9. Be +tou bi-+tenchand of wicked childer in +te daie of     #
iugement of
gode men;
   10. +Te which wicked sain, For-do+t +te gode, fordo+t +te    #
gode vnto +te 
foundement [{in it{] .
   11. Ha +tou soule, filed +tur+g +te fende, +tou art          #
chaitif; blisced be he
+tat +gelde+t to +te +ti +geldinge, +te which +tat tou +gelde   #
to vs gode.
   12. Blisced be he +tat shal holde him in godenes & put his   #
gode dedes
to stondynge.

[}PSALM 138 [\(139)\] .}]

   1. Lord, +tou prouedest me, and +tou knewe [{me; +tou        #
knewe{] my
sittyng and my risynge.
   2. +Tou vnderstonde mi +to+gutes fram fer; +tou so+gt my     #
bisti and
myn acorde.
   3. And +tou for-se+gest alle myn waies, for +ter nis no      #
worde in my
tunge.
   4. Se, Lord, +tou kneu alle +te last +tynges & +te old;      #
+tou fourmed me,
and sett vp me +tin helpe.
<P 168>
   5. +Ty conynge is made wonderful vp me; it is conforted,     #
and y ne mai
nou+gt +ter-to.
   6. Whider shal y go fram +ty gost, and whider shal y fle     #
fro +ty face?
   7. +Gif ich stei+ge to heuen, +tou art +ter; +gif ich go     #
a-doun to helle, 
+tou
comest +tider. 
   8. +Gif +tat y take my li+gtynges in +te morning and wonne   #
in +te vtterest
of +te see,
   9. Whi hy +tin helpe shal lede me +tider, and +ty mi+gt      #
shal holde me.
   10. And y seid perchaunce, derkenesses shul defoulen me,     #
and +te ny+gt
is my li+gting in my delites.
   11. For derkenesses ne shul nou+gt be derke of +te, and +te  #
ny+gt shal be
bri+gted as +te daie; as his derknesses ben, so is his li+gt.
   12. For +tou weldedest mie reines, and toke me fro +te       #
wombe of
my moder.
   13. Y shal shriue to +te; for +tou art dredefullich heried;  #
+tin werkes
ben wonderful, and my soule shal knowe hem gretelich.
   14. My mou+te nis nou+gt hidde fro +te, which +tou made in   #
priuete, and
my substaunce is in +te ne+terest of +ter+te.
   15. +Tyn e+gen sen myn vnparfitnes, & al shul be writen in   #
+ti boke; +te
daies shul be fourmed, and no man in hem.
   16. Ha God, +tin frendes for-so+te ben michel wor+tshiped    #
to me, her
principalte is mychel conforted.
   17. Y shal telle hem, & hij shul ben multiplied vp grauel;   #
ich aros, &
+gete ich am wy+t +te.
   18. Ha God, +gif +tou sle +te syn+gers, helpe me; +ge men    #
suiled wy+t sin+ge, 
bowe fro me.
<P 169>
   19. For +tat +ge say in [{+g{]our +tou+gtes, Taken +te gode  #
in vaine her medes.
   20. +Tinge to wyten +gif ich hated +te hatend +te, Lord,     #
and failled vp
myn enemis?
   21. Ich hated hem wiparfite hate, and hij ben made enemys    #
to me.
   22. Proue me, God, and wite myn hert; aske me, and knowe my  #
sties.
   23. And se, +gif waye of wickednes is in me, and lade me in  #
waie
euerlastend.

[}PSALM 139 [\(140)\] .}]

   1. Defend me, Lord, fro +te wicked man, and defende me fro   #
+te man
vnri+gtful.
   2. +Te which +to+gten wickednes in hert, hij stablist        #
batails aldai.
   3. Hij sharped her tunges as naddres, venym of aspides is    #
vnder
her lippes.
   4. Kepe me, Lord, fram +te honde of +te sinner, & defende    #
me fram +te
vnri+gtful men.
   5. +Te which +tou+gten to supplaunten my ganginges, +te      #
proude hidden 
gnares to me.
   6. Hij spradden out wickednesses into gnare, hij sett        #
sclaunder to me
by +te waye.
   7. Y seid to our Lord, +tou art my God; here, Lord, +te      #
voyce of my
prayere.
   8. +Tou Lord, Lord, uertu of myn hel+te; +tou shadued,       #
Lord, vp min
heuede in +te daie of bataile o+gains +te fende.
   9. Ne +gyf me nou+gt fro my desire to +te sin+ger; +te       #
wicked +tou+gten 
o+gains
me, +tat hij ne be nou+gt peraunter an-he+ged.
<P 170>
   10. +Te heued of her cumpassement & +te trauail of her       #
lippes shal 
couer hem.
   11. Tourment+g shul falle vp hem, and +tou shalt cast hem    #
in-to
dampnacioun; +te gode ne shul nou+gt dwellen in mesais.
   12. +Te man michel spekand ne shal nou+gt be dresced in      #
er+te, iuels shul 
taken +te unri+gtful in-to de+t.
   13. Ich knew +tat our Lord shal do +te iugement of +te       #
mesais and 
vengeaunce of +te pouer.
   14. +Te ri+gtful for-so+te shul shriuen to +ty name, and     #
+te ri+gtful shul
wonen wy+t +ty semblaunt.

[}PSALM 140 [\(141)\] .}]

   1. Lord, ich cried to +te, here me; vnderstonde my voice,    #
whan y
crye to +te.
   2. Be myn orison dresced to +te as encens in +ty sy+gt, and  #
so be +te
lifting of myn hondes sacrifice of heuen.
   3. Lord, sett kepyng to my mou+te, & +te dore of +te         #
vnderstondynge [^MS: vmstondynge^] to
my lippes.
   4. Ne bowe nou+gt myn hert into wordes of malice for to      #
excusen
excusaciouns in sin+ges.
   5. Wy+t men wirchand wickednes, & y ne shal nou+gt commune   #
wy+t
her chosen. 
   6. +Te ri+gtful shal vndernimen me in merci and blame me;    #
+te iuel for-so+te
of +te sin+ger ne shal nou+gt grese [{min{] heued.
   7. For +gete is myn orisoun in her welelikand, her iuges     #
ioint to +te
stone ben swolwed.
   8. Hij shul heren my wordes, for hij mi+gten here hem; mi    #
worde his 
lopen bifore as fathede of +ter+te.
<P 171>
   9. Our bones ben wasted bisiden helle, for to +te Lord ben   #
our e+gen;
Lord, ich hoped in +te, ne do nou+gt owaie +te soule fro me.
   10. Kepe +tou me fro +te assaut +te which +te wicked         #
stablist to me, &
fro +te sclaundres of +te wirchand wickednes.
   11. +Te syn+gers shul fallen in her assaut; ich am           #
oneliche, +terwhiles
+tat y passe.    



<B CMPOEMS>
<Q M2 XX XX HUSB>
<N HUSBANDMAN HP2>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WML>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  SONG OF THE HUSBANDMAN.
HISTORICAL POEMS OF THE XIVTH
AND XVTH CENTURIES.
ED. R. H. ROBBINS.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1959. 
PP. 7.1 - 9.72 (2)

TEXT:  SATIRE ON THE CONSISTORY COURTS.
Idem.
PP. 24.1 - 27.90 (6)

TEXT:  SATIRE ON THE RETINUES OF THE GREAT.
Idem.
PP. 27.1 - 29.40 (7)^] 

<P 7>
[} [\POEMS FROM HARLEY MS. 2253\] }] 
[} [\2. SONG OF THE HUSBANDMAN (1300)\] }]

Ich herde men vpo mold make muche mon,
hou he be+t itened of here tilyynge:
gode +geres & corn bo+te be+t agon;
ne kepe+t here no sawe ne no song synge.
Nou we mote worche, nis +ter non o+ter won,
mai ich no lengore lyue wi+t mi lesinge;
+get +ter is a bitterore bid to +te bon,
for euer +te fur+te peni mot to +te kynge.

+tus we carpe+t for +te kyng, & carie+t ful colde,
& wene+t forte keuere, & euer bu+t a-cast;
whose ha+t eny god, hope+t he nout to holde,
bote euer +te leuest we leose+t alast.

Lu+ter is to leosen +ter-ase lutel ys,
& haue+t monie hynen +tat hopie+t +ter-to:
+te hayward hete+t vs harm to habben of his;
+te bailif bockne+t vs bale & wene+t wel do;
+te wodeward waite+t vs wo, +tat loke+t vnder rys;
ne mai vs ryse no rest, rycheis ne ro.
+tus me pile+t +te pore, +tat is of lute pris.
nede in swot & in swynk swynde mot swo.

Nede he mot swynde, +tah he hade swore,
+tat na+t nout en hod his hed forte hude.
+tus wil walke+t in lond, & lawe is forlore,
& al is piked of +te pore, +te prikyares prude.

<P 8>
+tus me pile+t +te pore and pyke+t ful clene, 
+te ryche me rayme+t wi+t-outen eny ryht;
ar londes & ar leodes ligge+t fol lene,
+torh biddyng of baylyfs such harm hem ha+t hiht.
Meni of religioun me halt hem ful hene, 
baroun & bonde, +te clerc & +te knyht.
+tus wil walke+t in lond, & wondred ys wene,
falsshipe fatte+t and marre+t wy+t myht.

Stont stille y +te stude, & halt him ful sturne,
+tat make+t beggares go wi+t bordon & bagges.
+tus we be+t honted from hale to hurne;
+tat er werede robes, nou were+t ragges.

+get come+t budeles, wi+t ful muche bost:
"grey+te me seluer to +te grene wax; 
+tou art writen y my writ, +tat +tou wel wost!"
mo +ten ten si+ten told y my tax.
+tenne mot ych habbe hennen arost,
feyr on fyhsh day launprey & lax;
for+t to +te chepyn geyne+t ne chost,
+tah y sulle mi bil & my borstax.

Ich mot legge my wed wel +gef y wolle,
o+ter sulle mi corn on gras +tat is grene.
+get I shal be foul cherl, +tah he han +te fulle;
+tat ich alle +ger spare, +tenne y mot spene.

Nede y mot spene +tat y spared +gore,
a+geyn +tis cachereles come+t +tus y mot care;
come+t +te maister budel brust ase a bore;
sei+t he wole mi bugging bringe ful bare.
Mede y mot munten a mark o+ter more,
+tah ich at +te set dey sulle mi mare.
+tus +te grene wax vs greue+t vnder gore,
+tat me vs honte+t ase hound do+t +te hare.

<P 9>
he vs honte+te ase hound hare do+t on hulle;
se+t+te y tek to +te lond such tene me wes taht.
nabbe+t ner budeles boded ar sulle,
for he may scape & we aren euer caht.

+tus y kippe & cacche cares ful colde,
se+t+te y counte & cot hade to kepe;
to seche seluer to +te kyng y mi seed solde, 
for+ti mi lond leye li+t & leorne+t to slepe.
se+t+te he mi feire feh fatte y my folde, 
when y +tenk o mi weole wel neh y wepe;
+tus brede+t monie beggares bolde,
& vre ru+ge ys roted & ruls er we repe.

Ruls ys oure ru+ge & roted in +te stre,
for wickede wederes by brokes & by brynke.
+ter wakene+t in +te world wondred & wee,
ase god in swynden anon as so forte swynke.

<Q M2 XX XX CCOURT>
<N SAT CONS COURT HP6>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WML>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

<P 24>
[} [\6. SATIRE ON THE CONSISTORY COURTS (1307)\] }]

Ne mai no lewed lued libben in londe,
be he neuer in hyrt so hauer of honde,
so lerede vs biledes;
<P 25>
+gef ich on molde mote wi+t a mai,
y shal falle hem byfore & lurnen huere lay,
ant rewen alle huere redes.
ah bote y be +te furme day on folde hem byfore,
ne shal y nout so skere scapan of huere score;
so grimly he on me gredes,
+tat y ne mot me lede +ter wi+t mi lawe,
on alle maner o+tes +tat heo me wulle+t awe,
heore boc ase vn-bredes.
heo wende+t bokes vn-brad,
ant make+t men a mone+t a-mad;
of sca+te y wol me skere,
ant fleo from my fere;
ne rohte he whet yt were,
boten heo hit had.

ffurst +ter sit an old cherl in a blake hure,
of alle +tat +ter sitte+t seme+t best syre,
ant ley+t ys leg o-lonke.
An heme in an herygoud wi+t honginde sleuen,
& mo +ten fourti him by-fore my bales to breuen,
In sunnes +gef y songe.
heo pynkes wi+t heore penne on heore parchemyn,
ant sayen y am breued ant y-broht yn
of al my weole wlonke.
Alle heo bue+t redy myn rou+tes to rede,
+ter y mot for menske munte sum mede,
ant +tonkfulliche hem +tonke.
shal y +tonke hem +ter er y go?
+ge, +te maister ant ys men bo.
+gef y am wreint in heore write,
+tenne am y bac-bite;
for moni mon heo make+t wyte
Of wymmene wo.

<P 26>
+get +ter sitte+t somenours syexe o+ter seuene,
mys-motinde men alle by here euene,
ant reche+t for+t heore rolle.
Hyrdmen hem hatie+t, ant vch mones hyne,
for eueruch a parosshe heo polke+t in pyne,
and clastre+t wy+t heore colle.
Nou wol vch fol clerc +tat is fayly,
wende to +te bysshop ant bugge bayly - 
nys no wyt in is nolle - 
come to countene court, couren in a cope,
ant suggen he ha+t priuilegie proud of +te pope - 
swart ant al to-swolle.
aren heo to-swolle, for-swore?
+ge, +te hatred of helle beo heore!
for +ter heo beode+t a bok,
to sugge ase y folht tok;
heo shulen in helle on an hok
honge +tere-fore!

+ter stont vp a +geolumon, +ge+ge+t wi+t a +gerde,
ant hat out an heh +tat al +te hyrt herde,
ant cleope+t Magge ant Malle.
ant heo come+t bymodered ase a mor-hen,
ant scrynke+t for shome, & shome+t for men,
vncomely vnder calle.
heo biginne+t to shryke, & screme+t anon,
ant sai+t, "by my gabbyng, ne shal hit so gon,
ant +tat beo on ou alle;
+tat +tou shalt me wedde & welde to wyf."
ah me were leuere wi+t lawe leose my lyf
+ten so to fote hem falle.
shal y to fote falle for mi fo?
+ge, monie byswyke+t heo swo.
of +tralles y am +ter +trat,
+tat sitte+t swart & for-swat;
+ter y mot hente me en hat 
er ich hom go.

<P 27>
such chaffare y chepe at +te chapitre,
+tat make+t moni +tryue mon vn-+teufol to be,
wi+t +tonkes ful +tunne;
ant se+t+te y go coure at constory,
ant falle to fote vch a fayly - 
heore is +tis worldes wynne.
se+t+ten y pleide at bisshopes plee,
ah me were leuere be sonken y +te see,
In sor wi+touten synne.
At chirche ant +tourh cheping, ase dogge y am dryue,
+tat me were leuere of lyue +ten so forte lyue,
to care of al my kynne.
atte constorie heo kenne+t vs care,
ant whisshe+t vs euele & worse to fare.
a pruest proud ase a po
se+t+te wedde+t vs bo;
Wyde heo worche+t vs wo
for wymmene ware.

<Q M2 XX XX RGREAT>
<N SAT RET GREAT HP7>
<A X>
<C M2>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1250-1350>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WML>
<V VERSE>
<T X>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

<P 27>
[} [\7. SATIRE ON THE RETINUES OF THE GREAT (1307)\] }]

of rybaud+g y ryme ant rede o mi rolle,
of gedelynges, gromes, of colyn & of Colle,
harlotes, hors-knaues, bi pate & bi polle -  
to deuel ich hem to-lyure ant take to tolle!

+te gedelynges were gedered of gonnylde gnoste;
palefreiours & pages, ant boyes wi+t boste;
alle were y-haht of an horse +toste -  
+te deuel huem afretye, Rau o+ter a-roste!

<P 28>
+te shuppare +tat huem shupte, to shome he huem shadde,
to fles ant to fleye, to tyke ant to tadde.
so sey+t romaun+g, whose ryht radde:
ffleh com of flore, ant lous com of ladde.

+te harlotes bueth horlynges ant haunte+t +te plawe;
+te gedelynges bue+t glotouns ant drynke+t er hit dawe.
sathanas huere syre seyde on is sawe:
gobelyn made is gerner of gromene mawe.

+te knaue cromme+t is crop er +te cok crawe;
he momele+te & mocche+t ant marre+t is mawe.
when he is al for-laped ant lad ouer lawe,
a doseyn of doggen ne myhte hyre drawe.

+te rybaud+g a-ryse+t er +te day rewe.
he shrape+t on is shabbes ant drawe+t huem to dewe;
sene is on is browe ant on is e+ge-brewe,
+tat he louseth a losynger, & shoye+t a shrewe.

Nou be+t capel-claweres wi+t shome to-shrude;
hue boske+t huem wy+t botouns, ase hit were a brude,
wi+t lowe lacede shon of an hayfre hude,
hue pyke+t of here prouendre al huere prude.

whose rykene+t wi+t knaues huere coustage,
+te lu+ternesse of +te ladde, +te prude of +te page,
+tah he +geue hem cattes dryt to huere companage,
+get hym shulde a-rewen of +te arrerage

whil god wes on erthe & wondrede wyde,
whet wes +te resoun why he nolde ryde?
for he nolde no grom to go by ys syde,
ne grucchyng of no gedelyng to chaule ne to chyde.

<P 29>
spede+t ou to spewen, ase me do+t to spelle;
+te fend ou afretie wi+t fleis & wi+t felle!
herkne+t hideward, horsmen, a tidyng ich ou telle,
+tat +ge shulen hongen & herbarewen in helle!



<B CMDOCU3>
<Q M3 XX DOC USK>
<N APPEAL LONDON>
<A USK THOMAS>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^USK, THOMAS.
TEXT:  APPEAL(S).
A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425.
ED. R. W. CHAMBERS AND M. DAUNT. 
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1967 (1931). 
PP. 23.31 - 30.234                       (SAMPLE 1)
                                         (USK)

TEXT:  PETITIONS (M3), LONDON.
1)  AN ANTHOLOGY OF CHANCERY ENGLISH.
ED. J. H. FISHER, M. RICHARDSON
AND J. L. FISHER.
KNOXVILLE: THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
PRESS, 1984.
2)  A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425. 
ED. R. W. CHAMBERS AND M. DAUNT. 
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1967 (1931). 
PP. 194.1  - 197.7  (161) (ANTHOLOGY)    (SAMPLE 2)  
PP. 198.1  - 204.28 (163)   - " -        (PET3)
PP. 226.29 - 227.75 (I)   (BOOK)

TEXT:  RETURNS, LONDON.
A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425.
ED. R. W. CHAMBERS AND M. DAUNT.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1967 (1931). 
PP. 41.1 - 44.99  (I)                    (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 50.1 - 53.91  (IV)                   (RET)
PP. 53.1 - 57.140 (V)

TEXT:  JUDGEMENTS, LONDON.
Idem.
PP. 94.1  - 95.32  (IV)                  (SAMPLE 4)  
PP. 95.1  - 96.30  (V)                   (JUDG)
PP. 100.1 - 101.26 (X)
PP. 233.1 - 234.38 (III)

TEXT:  TESTAMENTS AND WILLS, LONDON.
Idem.
PP. 209.1 - 210.31 (I)                   (SAMPLE 5)  
PP. 211.1 - 212.34 (III)                 (TEST)
PP. 214.1 - 215.51 (VII)

TEXT:  PROCLAMATIONS, LONDON.
Idem.
PP. 31.1 - 33.10  (I-III)                (SAMPLE 6)
PP. 97.1 - 98.30  (VII)                  (LPROCL)
PP. 99.1 - 100.51 (IX)^]

[^IN THE EXTRACTS TAKEN FROM An Anthology of Chancery English 
ALL PARENTHESES ARE EDITORIAL, E.G. (...); EXPLANATORY COMMENTS
ARE ADDED WHEN GIVEN IN THE EDITION.^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 22>
[} [\THE APPEAL OF THOMAS USK AGAINST
JOHN NORTHAMPTON\] }]
[} [\DATE: 1384.\] }]
[^TEXT OMITTED^]
<P 23>
   Also it was ful purposed be John Norhampton & hys conseyl,
that ys to seye John More, Richard Norbury, & William Essex,
& be al the craftes that hielden with hym, that four poynt+g
shulden, with al the lordship & Frendeship that they myghten,
<P 24>
be kept & stablisshed; that ys to seyn, that the aldermen       #
sholden
be remoued fro yer in to yer, & that the comun conseyl sholde
kome be craftes, & that ther sholde no vitailler bere office    #
judicial,
& that al strang[{e{] vitaillers sholden with thair vitailles   #
frelich
kome to the Cite, to selle thair vitailles as wel be retaile as #
in
other wyse, hauyng no reward to the Franchise. And, truly, 
the ful entent was that al the ordinances that wer ordeyned in  #
hys
tyme, wer they neuer so badde, sholden haue be meigtened euer
more afterward with strength of meigtenance of the poeple
a-yeins any mayr that wolde haue do the contrarie. And, in
thys wyse, whan the worthy & wysest of the town had left such
vnthrifty conseilles, the forseyde mair, John Norhampton, John
More, & Richard Norbury, & William Essex, drogh to hem the
comun poeple for to stonde be thes purposes to lyue & to dye.
And ate euery conseyl was John More, Richard Norbury, &
William Essex, &, otherwhile, Adam Bame; but the mair wolde
otherwhile do be hys own avys, and also on Willyngham, a
scryuen, & on ...... Marchaund, clerk, writen many thynges
in myn absence, & atte some tymes wer ther mo[{r{]e pryuier     #
than
I. And, certeinly, the ful purpos of the persones to-forn
nempned was to haue had the town in thair gouernaile, & haue
rulid it be thair avys, & haue holden vnder, or elles de-voyded
owt of towne, al the persones that had be myghty to haue
wyth-seyde hem, & the remenant, that had non such myght, to
haue holden hem vnder for euer; & her-of I apele John
Norhampton, John More, Richard Norbury & William Essex.
   Also, for the elde officers of the town loued noght the
opinions of the forseyde mair, al the elde officers sholden     #
haue
be remoued by proces of tyme, & sette in her place suche as
wolden haue meigtened & loued hise opinions, for they seyden
that thilk persones that hielden the contrarie of hys menyng
wer Enemys to alle gode menyng. And that was euer-more an
excitation to the pore poeple to make hem be the more feruent
& rebel a-yeins the grete men of the town, & ayeins the         #
officers
<P 25>
ek, & yt was seide to the poeple that euer the grete men
wolden haue the poeple be oppression in lowe degre, for whiche
wordes, & be thair meigtenance, the dissension ys arrise        #
betwene
the worthy persones & the smale poeple of the town;
& her-of I apele John Norhampton, John More, Richard
Norbury & William Essex.
   Also, ayeins the day of the seconde eleccion of John
Norhampton mair, be-cause that Sir John Philpot had be
a-yeins the badde doynges to-for seyde, John More was on of
the chief cause to procur that a bille sholde be put vp be the
comunes conseyl, to aske of the forseyde Sir John the mone
that he had borwed in tyme of hys mairalte; and it was ment
that he sholde haue ther-by i-jugged of al maner of estat of
office in the town for euer; & her-of I appele John More.
   Also, a-yeins the forseyde seconde eleccion, [{ther{] was    #
made
mochel ordinance be John More, Richard Norbury, Adam
Bame, William Essex, & many a[{lso{] mo, & be me Thomas
Vsk, to make ful [{certei{]n the comunes atte that day
shulde chese the forseyde John Norhampton to be mair &
non other, to that entent that al hys ordinances mighten be
confermed be our lord the kyng in hys statut, to haue dured
euer-mor; so that thilk ordinances sholden bothe haue be
stablisshed be statut, & be meigtened ek be myght of people, as
yt ys to-forn write; & her-of I apele John More, Richard
Norbury, Adam Bame, & William Essex.
   Also, ayeins the parlement than next folwyng, the mair,
John Norhampton, made me, Thomas Vsk, go to the comunes
to enforme hem of the [{ord{]inance a-yeins the Fisshmongers,
& for to haue thair wil ther-of amonges the other, that they
sholde chese for the comunes to the [{parlem{]ent Richard       #
Norbury
& William Essex, & he solde ordeigne amonges the aldermen
<P 26>
to chese John More & Thomas Carleton, for the [{sam{]e entent,
that ys to seyn, they wer ordeyned; & so they diden pursuwe
thynges a-yeins the Franchise of london for euer; her-of I
[{appele{] John Norhampton.
   [{Also, a{]tte thilk parlement, was pursuwed a patent to the
mair for to chastise vsurers, yf any man wolde pleigne, or      #
elles
be enditement, be whiche patent yt was fully assented ferst to
haue don execucion vpon any man that had be proued giltyf
ther jnne ache, [{or ther{]of partie; & in thys wise, be fals   #
compassement
& ymaginacion to-forn cast, many of the worthiest of
the town sholde haue [{be{] ther-by enpesched, & be execucion
ydo so vpon hem, that they sholde noght haue bore nomore
estat in the town; and now [{I{] wot wel that, vnder colour
ther-of, shulde haue be broght a-boute mochel of the euel
menyng, to haue vndo the worthy membres of the town that
had be a-yeins hym, &, for non other entent of wel menyng but
only for malice, to put ovte of the town al the worthiest was
thilk patent purchaced, & be suche fals purposyng &             #
ymaginacions
of destrucion sholde the worthi persones of the town
haue ben for-jugged ovt of towne; wher-for it was cast al redy
of officers bothe for the mairalte, aldermanries, &             #
shirreuehod,
& suche other degrees, for yeres komyng, so that the aduersairs
of John Norhampton sholde noght haue be in non offices          #
herafter,
wher thorw me may wel se the destruxion of the [{t{]own
with-jnne a litel proces of tyme, as for to haue so many        #
thrifty
men owt of towne; & ther-of I apele John Norhampton, John
More, Richard Norbury, and William Essex.
   Also, atte procurement of John More, Walter sybile John
horn & Adam Carlell wer endited, & altheigh ther wer take
many inquisicio[{ns{] , we that serued our lord the kyng best   #
wer
returned; &, truly, Robert Franceys & other, I not whiche
now, wolden haue endited Sir Nichol Brem[{bre{] of meigtenance
<P 27>
of Thomas Farndon, and John More ferst was ther-to assented,
& afterward he letted it, so that it nas noght execut; & her-of
I apele John More.
   Also, ofte to-forn that Sir Nichol Brembre was chose mair,
the mair, John Norhampton, John More, & Richard Norbury,
senten William Essex & me, Thomas Vsk, to the goldsmithes
halle to speke with men of the comun conseyl for chesyng of
the mair, & also ther-for weren al [{that weren{] of the comun
conseyl take me be John Norhampton, that I, Thomas Vsk,
sholde speke to hem that I knewe. And ther, atte Goldsmithes
[{halle, amo{]nges hem that wer assembled, it was accorded that
certen persones of diuers craftes, [{th{]o that wer entred for  #
the
comun conseyl, sholde be [{called{] atte eleccion day in to the
comun conseil for to helpe to the eleccion of John Norhampton,
[{&{] the smale poeple was drawe in to be [{partie therof{] ,   #
to that
entent that fully thair hertes sholde stonde with John          #
Norhampton,
& that yf, in tyme komyng, a-nother mair, that we [{to be
chose{] , wolde oght do a-yeins hym, he myghte haue hem redy
to meigtene hym [{ayei{]ns al that they wolde seye a-yeins hym,
&, if he had ben mair, I wot wel he wolde haue meigtened al
hys ordinances, or elles haue sette al the town in a rore; &    #
herof
I appele John Norhampton, John More, Richard Norbury,
& William Essex.
   Also, the night to-for the day of the eleccion of the mair,
John More warned al hys sergeant+g & hys men to be armed
on the [{morwe atte{] yeldehalle. For he kyde he & hys felawe
wolde kepe the dores that day, to that entent that ther sholde
non haue kome jn but onl[{y that{] wolde haue chose John
Norhampton to be mair; & her-of I appele John More.
<P 28>
   Also, that day that [{Sir{] Nichol Brembre was chose mair,
a-non after mete kom John Norhampton to John Mores hows,
& thider kom Richard Norbury & William Essex, & ther it was
a[{ccor{]ded that the mair, John Norhampton, sholde sende after
the persones that thilk tyme wer in the comun conseil of        #
craftes,
& after the wardeyns of craftes, so that thei sholde kome to    #
the
goldsmithes halle on the morwe after, & ther the mair sholde
speke with hem, to loke & ordeigne how thilk eleccion of
Sir Nichol Brembre myght be letted; &, nad it be for drede
of our lord the kyng, I wot wel eueri man sholde haue be in
others top. And than sente he Richard Norbury, Robert Rysby,
& me, Thomas Vsk, to the Neyte, to the duk of lancastre, to
enforme hym in thys wyse: 'Sir, to day, ther we w[{olde{]n haue
go to the eleccion of the mair in goddes peas & the kynges,
ther kom jn an orrible companye of criers, no man not           #
wh[{ic{]he,
& [{t{]her, with oute any vsage but be strength, chosen Sir     #
Nichol
Brembre mair, a-yein our maner of eleccion to-forn thys vsed;
wher-fore we preye yow yf we myght haue the kynges writ to
go to a Newe eleccion.' And the duk seide: 'Nay, certes, writ
shul ye non haue, auise yow amonges yowr selue.' & her-of I
appele John Norhampton, John More, Richard Norbury, &
William Essex.
   Also, atte Goldsmithes halle, when al the people was         #
assembled,
the mair, John Norhampton, reherced as euel as he koude of
the eleccion on the day to-forn, & seyde that truly: 'Sirs,     #
thus be
ye shape for to be ouer-ronne, & that,' quod he, 'I nel noght
soeffre; lat vs rather al be ded atones than soeffre such a     #
vylenye.'
& than the comunes, vpon these wordes, wer stered, & seiden
truly they wolde go to a-nother eleccion, & noght soeffre thys
wrong, to be ded al ther-for attones in on tyme; and than be
the mair, John Norhampton, was euery man boden gon hom,
& kome fast a-yein strong in to Chepe with al her craftes, & I
wene ther wer a-boute a xxx craftes, & in Chepe they sholden
haue sembled to go to a newe eleccion, &, truly, had noght the
aldermen kome to trete, & maked that John Norhampton bad
<P 29>
the poeple gon hoom, they wolde haue go to a Newe eleccion, &
in that hete haue slayn hym that wolde haue letted it, yf they
had myght; and her-of I appele John Norhampton.
   And, vpon al thys matirs be-forn seide, tho that John
Norhampton atte tat tyme mair, John More, & Richard Norbury,
& William Essex, & otherwhile Adam Bame, seyen that the
worthy persones wer drawe fro hem for willesful gouernaile
& fiebel conseyl, & that they had made refus of hem to-forn
tyme, tho they drewe to hem many craftes & mochel smale
poeple that konne non skyl of gouernance ne of gode conseyl, 
& be confederacie, congregacion, & couyne, purposed & to-forn
cast for to meigtene be might thair fals & wykked menyng,
vnder colour of wordes of comun profit euer more [{charg{]ed
the people fro day in to other to be redy to stonde be hem
in that euel purposed matirs; & so, as wel sithe he was noght
mair as to-forn, they han euerich of hem on hys syde stired,
confedred, & conspired the matirs to-forn nempned, saue  
Adam Bame, sithen that he was noght mair, that I wot of, hath
noght entremeted hym. And also the forseide John Norhampton,
John More, Richard Norbury, & William Essex, so fer
forth wolden depraue the worhty men of towne that the people
was, & ys, the more enbolded to be rebel a-yeins thair          #
gouernours,
that bien now, & that shul bien in tyme komyng, be her fals
informacion & excitacion, couyns, & gadrynges, & confederacies,
atte that tyme maked & euer sithen continued, as it ys to-forn
seyde; & so be hem, & be ther procurementy, & confederacies,
& excitacions, the debates & the grete stryf, that yet ys       #
regnyng
in the cite, ys komen jn principalich be John Norhampton,
John More, Richard Norbury, & William Essex; so that ys in
poynt to truble al the realme; & the cite hath stonde in grete
doute & yet doth. To which euel menyng I was a ful helpere
<P 30>
& promotour in al that euer I myght & koude, wher-for I aske
grace & mercy of my lyge lord the kyng, & afterward of the
mair, & of al the worthy aldermen, & of al the gode comunes of  #
the
town, as he that wol neuer more trespace a-yeins the town in no
degre. And, truly, Adam Bame was noght so comunly, ne so
bysy on thys purpos [{& confederaci{]es as [{wer{] the tother;
& her-of I apele the forseyde John Norhampton, Richard
Norbury, John More, & William Essex.

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M3 XX DOC PET3>
<N PET LONDON>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 194>
[} [\161\] }]
[} [\1388 SC8/20/997 PETITION OF THE MERCERS OF LONDON\] }]

   (To) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] the moost noble &      #
Worthiest Lordes moost ryghtful & wysest
conseille to owre lige Lorde the kyng Compleynen if it lyke to  #
yow.
the folk of the mercerye of London: (as) [\THE WORD IN          #
PARENTHESES TORN\] a membre of the same
Citee of many wronges subtiles & also open oppressions ydo to   #
hem:
by longe tyme here bifore passed.
   Of which: oon was where the eleccion of Mairaltee is to be   #
to
the fre men of the Citee. bi gode & paisible auyns of the       #
wysest & trewest.
at o day in the yere frelich: there nought withstondyng the     #
same
fredam or fraunchise: Nichol Brembre wyth his vpberers purposed
hym the yere next after Iohn Northampton mair of the same       #
Citee:
with stronge honde as it is ful knowen. & through debate &      #
strenger
partye. ayeins the pees: bifore purueyde. was chosen mair. in   #
destruccion 
of many ryght:
   ffor in the same yere. the forsaid Nichol with outen nede    #
ayein
the pees. made dyuerse enarmynges bi day & eke bi nyght: &      #
destruyd 
the kynges trewe lyges. som with open slaughtre. some bi false 
emprisonement+g. & some: fledde the Citee for feere. as it is   #
openlich 
knowen.
   And so ferthermore for to susteyne thise wronges & many      #
othere.
the next y(er)e [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] after the   #
same Nichol ayeins the forsaide fredam
& trewe comunes did crye openlich. that no man sholde come to   #
chese 
her mair. but such as were sompned & tho that were sompned:
were of his ordynaunce & after his auys. / And in the nyght     #
next after 
folwynge. he did carye grete quantitee of Armure to the         #
Guyldehalle
with which as wel straungers of the contree. as othere of with  #
Inne were 
armed on the morwe. ayeins his owne proclamacion. that was      #
such:
that no man shulde be armed & certein busshment+g were laide.
that when free men of the Citee. come to chese her mair.        #
breken vp
armed. cryinge with loude voice sle. sle. folwing hem           #
wherthourgh 
the peple for feere fledde to houses & other (hidi)nges. [\THE  #
LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] as in londe 
of werre: adradde to be ded in comune.
   And thus yet hiderward hath the mairaltee. ben holden as it  #
were
of Conquest or maistrye: & many othere offices als. So that     #
what
man pryue or apert in special that he myght wyte. grocchyng     #
pleyned 
or helde ayeins any of his wronges: or bi puttyng forth of      #
whom 
so it were. were it neuer so vnpreuable. were apeched. & it     #
were 
displesyng to hym Nichol. anon was emprisoned. And though it 
were ayeins falshede of the leest officer. that hym lust        #
meynteigne: was 
<P 195>
holden vntrewe lige man to owre kyng. for who reproued such an 
officer maynteigned bi hym of wronge or elles. he forfaited     #
ayeins hym
Nichol. & he vnworthy as he saide: represented the kynges       #
estat. 
/ Also if any man. bi cause of seruyce or other leueful         #
comaundement:
approched a lorde. to which lorde he Nichol dradde his          #
falshede 
to be knowe to. anon was apeched. that he was false to the      #
conseille 
of the Citee: & so to the kyng
   And yif in general his falsenesse were ayeinsaide. as of vs  #
togydre 
of the mercerye. or othere craftes. or ony conseille  wolde     #
haue taken.
to ayeinstande it: or as out of mynde hath be vsed. wolden      #
companye 
togydre how lawful so it were. for owre nede or profite: were 
anon apeched for arrysers ayeins the pees. (&) [\THE SIGN IN    #
PARENTHESES TORN\] falsly many of vs:
that yet stonden: endited. And we ben openlich disclaundred.    #
holden 
vntrewe & traitours: to owre kyng / for the same Nichol sayd    #
bifor 
mair. Aldermen. & owre craft bifor hem gadred in place of       #
recorde.
that xx. or xxx. of vs. were worthy to be drawen & hanged the   #
which 
thyng lyke to yowre worthy lordship. by an even Iuge: to be     #
proued 
or disproued. the whether that trowthe may shewe. for trouthe
amonges vs. of fewe or elles no man many day dorst be shewed.
And nought oonlich vnshewed or hidde. it hath be by man now:    #
but
also. of bifore tyme. the moost profitable poyntes of trewe     #
gouernaunce 
of the Citee. compiled togidre. bi longe labour of discrete & 
Wyse men: wyth out conseille of trewe men. for thei sholde      #
nought 
be knowen ne contynued: in the tyme of Nichol Exton mair:       #
outerliche 
were brent
   And so ferforth falsehede hath be vsed that oft tyme he      #
Nicol
Brembre saide in sustenaunce of his falshede: owre lige lordes  #
wille 
was such. that neuer was such: as we suppose. He saide also     #
whan he 
hadde disclaundred vs. which of vs wolde yelde hym false to     #
his 
kyng: the kyng sholde do hym grace cherise hym. & be good       #
lorde to 
hym. And if any of vs alle that wyth goddes help haue & shulle 
be founden trewe. was so hardy to profre prouyng of hym self    #
trewe:
anon was comaunded to prisone. as wel bi the mair that now is: 
as of hym Nichol Brembre bifore
   (Also) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] we haue be           #
comaunded. oft tyme vp owre ligeaunce. to
vnnedeful & vnleueful dyuerse doynges. And also to wythdrawe    #
vs.
bi the same comaundement (fro) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] #
thynges nedeful & lefful. as was shewed 
whan a companye of gode women. there men dorst nought
trauailleden barfote to owre lige lorde. to seche (gra)ce [\THE #
LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] of hym for 
trewe men as they supposed for thanne were such proclamacions 
made. that no man ne woman sholde approche owre life lorde for 
sechyng of grace & ouermany othere comaundemant+g also.         #
bifore 
<P 196>
& sithen. bi suggestion & informacion of suche that wolde       #
nought her 
falsnesse had be knowen: to owre lige lorde. And lordes by      #
yowre 
leue. owre lyge lordes comaundement to symple & vnkonnyng men.
is a gret thyng to ben vsed. so famulerlich: with outen nede.   #
for they
vnwyse to saue it mowe lyghtly ther ayeins forfait
   ffor thy graciouse lordes lyke it to yow to take hede. in    #
what   
manere & where owre lige lordes power hath ben mysused. by the
forsaid Nichol: & hi(s vp) [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\]  #
berers for sithen thise wronges bifore
saide han ben vsed as accidental. or comune braunches outward:  #
it
sheweth wel. the rote of hem is a ragged subi(ect). [\THE       #
LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] / or stok inward.
that is: the forsaid Brere or brembre. / the whiche comune
wronge vses. & many other. if it lyke to yow: mowe be shewed &  #
wel 
knowen bi an indifferent Iuge & mair of owre Citee / the which 
wyth yowre ryghtful lordeship. ygraunted: for moost pryncipal   #
remedye:
as goddes lawe & al resoun wole: that no domesman stonde        #
togidre 
Iuge & partye: wronges sholle more openlich be knowe. & trouth 
dor apere. And ellis. as amonge vs. we konne nought wyte in     #
what 
manere. with(out a moch gretter) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES IS   #
OVER ERASURE\] disese. sith the gouernaunce of 
this Citee standeth: as it is bifor saide / . / & wole stande   #
whil vittaillers   
bi suffraunce. presumen thilke states vpon hem. the which       #
gouernaunce
of bifor this tyme to moche folke yhidde: sheweth hym
self now open. whether it hath be a cause or bygynnyng of       #
dyuysion 
in the Citee & after in the Rewme: or no.
   Wherfore for grettest nede as to yow moost worthy. moost
ryghtful & wysest lordes & conseille to owre lige lorde the     #
kyng.
we biseche mekelich of yowre g(race coreccion) [\THE TEXT IN    #
PARENTHESES RUBBED\] of alle the wronges 
bifore sayde & that it lyke to yowre lordeship. to be gracious  #
menes 
to owre lyge lorde the kyng: that suche wronges be knowen to    #
hym.
& that we mowe shewe vs & sith ben holden. suche trewe to hym:  #
as 
we ben. & owe to ben.
   Also we biseche vnto yowre gracious lordeship. that if any   #
of
vs in special or general. be apeched to owre lige lorde or to   #
his
worthy conseille bi comunyng with othere. or approchyng to owre
kyng. as wyth Brembre or his abettours with any wronge          #
wytnesse 
beryng as that it stode other wyse amonges vs here. than as it  #
is 
now proued it hath ystonde / or any other wronge suggestion.    #
by 
which owre lige lorde hath ybe vnleeffullich enfourmed: that    #
thanne. 
yowre worshipful lordship be such: that we mowe come in answer 
to excuse vs / ffor we knowe wel as for by moche the more       #
partye of 
vs. And as we hope for alle: alle suche wronges han ben         #
vnwytyng.
to vs. or elles outerlich ayeins owre wille. 
<P 197>
   And ryghtful lordes. for oon the grettest remedye with       #
othere.
forto ayeinstonde many of thilke diseses afore saide amonges    #
vs:
we prayen wyth mekenesse this specialich. that the Statut       #
ordeigned 
& made bi parlement holden at Westmystre in the sexte yere of 
owre kyng now regnynge: mowe stonde in strengthe & be excecut   #
as 
wel here in london as elles where in the rewme. the which is    #
this
(\Item ordinat(um) est (etc) [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES       #
EXPANDED\] \)
     
<P 198>
[} [\163\] }]
[} [\1414 SC8/23/1143A PETITION OF THOMAS PAUNFELT OF 
CAMBRIDGESHIRE\] }]

   To the worshipful and wyse syres and wyse Communes that to 
this present parlement ben assembled
   Besecheth mekely +goure pore Bedeman Thomas Paunfeld oon of
the fre tenent+g of oure liege lord the kyng of his maner and   #
tounshipe
of Chastreton in the Shyre of Cambrigg: that +ge wole considere
how that I pursuede diuerse billes by fore oure liege lord      #
kyng henry
the four the fader to oure liege lord the kyng that now is and  #
hise
worchepeful lordes and comunes in his parlement holden at       #
Westminstre
that x day of ffeuer the xiiij +ger of his regne:
   To the whiche billes myne aduersaries replieden by mouthe    #
and
enformeden the kyng and the worshepeful lordes spirituelx and   #
temporelx
in that parlement: how that I was outelawed by heye record
of trespace wherethurgh that I ne oughte not to ben herd nor    #
answered
of no maner compleynt in my billes writen but +gif (it) [\THE   #
WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] so were that
I hadde brought my Chartre in myn hond wherby that I myghte
haue answered in lawe to alle maner of persones that ony        #
replicacions
wolden haue maked a+geyns ony article of my billes:
   And worchepeful and discrete sires that myghte I not done    #
that tyme:
for (I wi)ste [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] not how I was #
endited and outelawed of what maner
trespace: but as Iohan Cokayn the Iustice recordede byfore the
kyng and made mencion at that tyme. whiche I trustede to god    #
to haue
proued by lawe by fore the kyng and the worchepeful lordes and
comunes in that parlement that the processe of myn outelawerye  #
was
vnlawefully made and al that longeth ther to: +gif Iohan Cokayn
the Iustice wolde haue brought in that record by fore the kyng  #
in
the parlement and there to haue ben determyned byfore hym and   #
hise
lordes and Comunes afore seyde (+go)r [\THE LETTERS IN          #
PARENTHESES TORN\] thay hadde departed thennes
   ffor byfore hene of the persones that weren and ben          #
Commissioners
vp on myn enditement wherby that I was outelawed: I myghte
not haue ben remedied ne myne neyghebores nother so sone at     #
that
tyme lyk as we oughten to haue ben of right and as me thoughte  #
we
shulde ben here: and that was for cause of meyntenance that was
a+geyns vs and +git is. and that made me cause to come to that  #
heye
Court of rightwisnesse: (+t)heder [\THE LETTER IN PARENTHESES   #
TORN\] to pleyne for to han declared thilke
record a+geyns my neighboures and me vnlawefully mad and there
sounere to han ben remedied of the wronges that we haue had by  #
the
Priour and Chanons of Bernewelle and her meyntenours these .x.
<P 199>
+ger (and) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] more vnduely and    #
vngoodly:
   And now thanked be god and the rightwisnesse of the discrete
and trewe Iuges Sire william hankford and hise felawes: han     #
after the
laws of the lond made me able for to +geue myne answeres in     #
lawe
as my symple wittes wole seruen me to alle maner persones that
ony replicacions wolde maken a+geyns ony of the articles of my  #
billes
after the forme that sueth +gif it like to the kyng: with       #
swich conseil
as he hath a(ss)igned [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] to me #
and shal by the grace of god: for to
declaren the entente of my billes for the kynges auantage and   #
for
fortherynge of his trewe lieges better than I can in this heye  #
Court of
rightwisnesse:
   And by cause that I am of no power to pursue these materes
in any other Court saue in this heye Court of rightwisnesse     #
where as
most truste and hope to haue rightwisnesse and lawe rather than
I shulde in ony other Court byfore ony of tho persones that     #
weren
and aren Commissioneres vp on myn enditement: for the heye
meyntenance that I knowe wel shuld be made a+geyns me:
   Also worchepeful sires: we beseche +gow at the reuerence     #
of god:
that +ge wole praye to oure liege lord the kyng: that he wole   #
fouche saf
of his special grace and his Ryal prerogatyf in this heye       #
Court:
to graunte me durynge my pursuyte by the auctorite of his       #
parlement
to walken at large to pursue these materes that ben folwynge
in my bille: lyk as his gracious graunt was by the autorite of  #
his parlement
and of his Rial prerogatif on good fryday at langeley the       #
ferste
+ger of his regne at the reuerence of oure lord god that        #
deyede for
vs alle as that day fil not withstondynge the statut made vp on
bonde bore men: whiche was holy pursued a+geyns me whan I was
byfore the kyng the second day of march whan I was remitted to  #
the
prison of flete at the instance of some of the Iuges til I      #
hadde founde
surete to pursue myn erroures and to reuerse myn outelawerye    #
byfore
seyde:
   And sithe the tyme that I was resseyued to meynprise by      #
cause that
I was endited of trespace as an accessorie and not endited as   #
a principal
and delyuered out of prison at large by the kynges              #
commaundement
in strengthyng and enhaunsyng of his Rial prerogatif that
he grauntede to me by the auctorite of his parlement:
   +Git myne aduersaries ham pursued me nowe and holden me in
prison sithen seynt katerynes day twelve monthes last passed    #
in to this
tyme. a+geyns (the kynges graunt &) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES   #
TORN\] ordinaunce no consideracion
ne tendernesse hauynge in my pore persone that am goddes        #
cristene
creature of my longe contynuance in prison (for these materes   #
that ben) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES TORN\]
folwynge vij. +ger and more to destroye me to the uttereste     #
that
<P 200>
I shulde no more haue come to the kynges presence to pursue my
right but for to kepe (me stille in prison til I hadde) [\THE   #
TEXT IN PARENTHESES TORN\] deyed for
defaute of socour and helpe. and as it semeth to my symple      #
wittes
there is litel charite of priestes whiche shulden cherice       #
goddes christene
crature as the kynges trewe liege man: 
   And therfore I beseche +gow that +ge wole prayen to oure     #
liege
lord the kyng of his special grace that swich remedie may be    #
mad at
this present parlement by the auys of hise wise lordes          #
spirituelx
and temporelx in sauynge and encresynge of the kynges           #
prerogatif in
tyme comynge and in fertherynge of hise trewe lieges after that
he hath graunted hise graciouse grauntes to ony of hise         #
lieges: that
fro hennes forward no persone of his Rewme deferre ony of hise
lieges fro hise graciouse grauntes that he hath graunted in     #
esement and
in fortheryng of hise trewe lieges: and that vp on a            #
suff(is)ant [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\]
peyne payinge to the kyng and a nother peyne paiynge to the     #
partie
so defferred fro the kynges graunt:
   And also that +ge wole praye the kyng to +geue in charge to  #
myne
aduersaries whanne thay comen to his worchopful presence to     #
asken
a copie of my bille: that they wryten her replicacions a+gens   #
the
articles of myne billes by a day assigned by oure liege lord    #
the kyng
vp on forfeture of her ferme: wherby that I may haue a copie    #
ther of
to my conseill which that the kyng hath assigned me and shal by
the grace of god to make trewe relacion vnto the kyng of her
replicacions
   And than to pryen oure graciouse liege lord by the auys of   #
hise lordes
spirtuelx and temporelx +gif it lyke hym by a day assigned that #
+ge
discrete and wyse comons mowen comen to his heye presence: whan
that he is avised vp on her replicacions makyng and thanne      #
after his
heye discrecion to +geue rightful Iugement vp on these same     #
materes
in sauynge of his owne right and it forthrynge of his trewe     #
lieges
for the loue of god and of seynt charite:
   And also to praye oure liege lord of his special grace that  #
the
peticions afore rehersed and alle othere peticions that ben     #
folwynge after
hise graciouse (grauntes) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] mowe #
ben enacted in the parlement rolle:
and also to +geue in charge to the Clerk of the parlement:      #
that I
may haue (a copye) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] of the     #
same for the loue of god and of seynt
Charite:
   Also to +gow worechepeful and wyse Comunes greuouseliche     #
compleynen 
alle the kynges tenent+g of the Ryal lordshipe and tounshipe
of Chestreton in the Shyre of Cambrigge: the whiche holden
of the tenure of anxien demeyn of the Rial Coroune longynge to  #
oure
souereyn lord the kyng as it sheweth by oure euydence of old    #
record
<P 201>
in the book called Domesday thus begynnynge. (\Dominica villa   #
regis
E &c\) in the kynges eschekker at Westminstre: 
   Also we greuouseliche compleyne vs vp on the Priour and
Chanons of Bernewell in the Shyre of Cambrigg byfore seyd and   #
vp
her predecessour that was the kynges fermour how that they han
cleymed and +git cleymen the regalite and the frehold of the    #
kynges
lordshype and tounshipe of Chestreton in the Shyre byfore seyd
as for her owne with oute ony excepcion wher it is wel knowen   #
by alle
manere of euydences that the konne shewen for hem self or ony
man for hem. that they were but fermours to the kyng: and now
they are not as it sheweth by her chartres of king henry the    #
thridde:
   And vnder colour of the regalite and of the frehold whiche   #
they
presumen wilfully to haue: they haue cleymed and +git cleymen   #
the
kynges trewe lieges that ben hise fre tenent+g annexed to his   #
coroune:
as for her bonde bore men and her bonde lond holderes: wher it
is wel knowen by alle manere of euydences that they konne shewe
for hem self of any man for hem that they ben fre tenent+g and  #
fre
holderes to the kyng in chief and the chiefte resert and        #
principalite
of the same lordshipe and tounshipe shal retourne to the kyng   #
and
to his forseide Coroune as for oure chief and perpetuel lord    #
of the fee:
   And +git algates the forseide Priour and Chanons han seid    #
and
+git seyn that they ben chief lordes of the fee and that the    #
kyng
ne none of hise heires han nought to entremete of hem for no    #
trespace
no for no forfait that euere they diden or is possible by hem   #
to
be done: which is an heye preiudice to the kyng as vs semeth    #
and and
heye destruction to hise trewe lieges that ben hise fre         #
tenent+g annexed
to his worthy coroune:
   And also the forseid Priour and Chanons han cleymed and +git
cleymen of hem vnduely and vntrewely bonde seruages and
customes for her singuler profyt and non auantage to the kyng   #
ne to
hise heires in tyme comynge but in perpetuel destruction of the
kynges fre tenent+g afore seid and othere seruages and custumes
than euere we or oure auncestres diden to any kyng. whan the    #
same
lordshipe and tounshipe was in othere kynges handes by old tyme
and sithe tyme of mynde:
   And for cause that we haue pursued to oure liege lord the    #
kyng
as for oure chief lord of the fee for to haue remedie and       #
socour of
the grete wronges mischiefs and diseses the whiche we haue      #
suffred
these .x. +ger and more vnduely and vngoodly: The forseide      #
Priour
and Chanons han pursued a+geyns vs a Commission of oyer and
termyner after the forme of a statut mad vp on bond bore men
and bond lond holderes: which statut was made the ferste +ger   #
of kyng
<P 202>
Richard the seconde in his tendre age with oute mencion         #
excepcion
or declaracion made of the same fre tenent+g of the fre tenure
of the ryal coroune byfore seid:
   And by strengthe and colour of the forseide statut so        #
generaly
mad vp on bonde bore men and bonde londe holderes: the forseide
Priour and Chanons han vs endited by men of her owne clothyng
and also by enquestes enbraced as for her bonde bore men: to
the which statut we fre tenent+g of the coroune owe not obeye:  #
for we
be not in the cas of the statut and ne oughte not to answere    #
lyk
as bonde men of byrthe shulde: for the whiche the forseide      #
statut was
made:
   ffor we be fre tenent+g and fre lond holderes annexed to the
worthy coroune of oure most souereyn lord. the kyng and that
we wele proue and declare by oure euydence wreten in the kynges
eschekker at Westminstre: wherfore we wole answere as fre men
oughte to done and proue that the suyte of the commission       #
byfore seide
which is mad vp on bonde bore man and bonde lond holderes:
was wrongfully taken a+geyns vs and al the proces that longeth  #
ther to
with oute auctorite and power and that shal we proue by the     #
grace
of god:
   Neuertheles the forsaide Priour and Chanons of Bernewell han
vs enprisoned as for her bonde bore men and oppressed vs by
duresce of prison to be bounde to hem and to othere persones    #
in singuler
obligacions in .ml.ml. li that we shulde not pursue oure right  #
ne
the kynges right a+geyns hem: but onely to +golden vs to ben    #
her
bonde cherles and oure heires for euermore to oure vttereste    #
perpetuel
destruction and disheritance to the kyng and to his heires for  #
euere
but we haue the sounere remedie by +gouer most gracious socour
and helpe at this present parlement
   And thus worchepeful sires +gif this be suff(red) [\THE      #
LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] : the freest
knyght or Squyre of the Rewme +gif they be dwellynge tenent+g   #
vnder
ony of the religious that haue swiche lordshipes of the kynges
to ferme may be put in prison by swych cohercion and compulsse
as (ye) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES IS OVER ERASURE\] mischeuouse #
statut byfore seid sheweth and declareth: for to
ben the moste bonde tenent+g of al the Rewme: also in the       #
contre
they shullen ben endited by enquestes enbraced by these dede    #
religiouse
fermours: and that for cause of the grete profites and the      #
grete
extorcions that the Sherreues of the Shyres resceyuen and done:
they mowe haue no remedie of the lawe but onely enprisonned     #
manaced
and oppressed: and +gif ony consaill of the lawe hem wolde
helpe after the cours and fourme of lawe: thay shulle ben put   #
in
prison as her conseilloures fa(c)tours [\THE LETTER IN          #
PARENTHESES TORN\] and abettouers and as they were
<P 203>
bonde men to these religious byfore seide in so moche that they
shulle non other mercy haue ne non other remedie but only for
to +golden hem to ben her bond cherles for euere mote and her   #
heyres
(alle the dayes) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES IS OVER ERASURE\] of #
her lyues to these dede religious fermours:
   Wherfore we beseche +gow mekely discrete and wyse Comunes    #
of this
present parlement: that +ge praye for (vs to ouer liege lord)   #
[\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES TORN\] the
kyng and to hise worchepeful lordes of (this present) [\THE     #
WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] parlement
in sauynge of the right of the coroune of yngelond and of the   #
fredam
(and the fraunchise that was) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES TORN\]  #
endowed ther to in the tyme of
oure worthy kynges progenitour seint edward: that he wole haue
compassion and pite of these grete mischiefs and (falsetes so   #
done) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES TORN\]
to hise (to hise) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] fre        #
tenent+g of his coroune byfore seyd: and to
ordeyne at +goure prayere resonable and intierie remedie in     #
this
partie for (goddes) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] loue and   #
for seynt charite after the (forme) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES   #
TORN\]
that sueth +gif it be lykynge to +gow:
   That is to seyn that he wole at +goure instance and prayer   #
in
sauynge of his owne right and in fortherynge of (his) [\THE     #
WORD IN PARENTHESES IS OVER ERASURE\] trewe lieges: ordeyne
at this tyme or +ge departen hennes fro this present parlement
with auys of hise wise lordes and also by the assent of (+gow
wyse) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] and worchepeful comons: #
such remedie that fro hennes forward
none swiche commissions be take nor pursued a+geyns the kynges
fre tenent+g annexed to his worthy coroune by no religious      #
fermours
that (han such manors) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] and    #
tounshipes of the kynges to
ferme: til that it be pleynly determyned byfore hise Iustices   #
of that on
benche or of that other by comon lawe: whether the forseid      #
tenent+g
ben fre or bonde and whether they ben worthy to ben punysshed
by that forseide statut or non and that vp on a suffisant       #
peyne payinge
to the kyng and a nother peyne payinge to the partie pursued    #
and
greued for such sute:
   Also we beseche +gow that +ge prayen to oure liege lord the  #
kyng
in fortheryng of (his trewe lieges) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES  #
TORN\] that alle other commissions
brought or pursued a+geyns any of hise fre tenent+g in manere   #
byfore
seide by the strengthe and colour of the forseide statut at     #
this present
parlement: that they with alle the (processe circumstance)      #
[\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] and
dependance mowen alle vtterly ben repeled [\THE WORD IN         #
PARENTHESES TORN\] and adnulled for
honor and profyt of the kyng and for ese and remedie to hise
forseid fre tenent+g: +gif ony so be (in this cas of mesch)ief  #
[\THE TEXT IN PARENTHESES TORN\] at this tyme
withinne the Reme:
   And also worchopeful sires: (that) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES #
IS OVER ERASURE\] they ne cleyme ne haue none
othere seruages ne custumes of the kynges fre tenent+g for her  #
owne
singuler profyt and none auntage to the (kyng ne to) [\THE      #
WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] none of
hise heires othor than the kyng chief lord hadde in his tyme    #
whanne
<P 204>
the same lordshipes weren in his owne hondes withoute another
(suffisant peyne payinge to) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES         #
RUBBED\] the kyng: a nother peyne to paie
to the partyes that ben pursued and greued for swiche wrongful
cleymes and also vpon peyne of forfaiture of the same maneres   #
(for
euere) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] for eschewynge of    #
grete meschiefs that mighten by swiche
wrongful cleymes: falle and turne to gret preiudice to the      #
kyng and
noiancie to al the Reume:
   ffor manye of tho Religious that han swiche fermes of the    #
kynges
in gouernaunce: by strengthe of the forseide statut disesen and
destreyen manye of the kynges tenent+g of the same lordshipes
and maken hem to voyde and gon out of hise lordshipes. by       #
cause that
they wolde hise lordshipes so destroyen that the kyng nor none
of hise heires (shulden) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\]     #
neuer haue lust ne wille to cleyme tho lordshipes
in to her owne handes a+geyn: ne that non other lord of
his rewme shulde desire to ferme tho lordshipes of the kyng ne
(of) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] his tresorer to the     #
kynges encres +gerly: and that is the cause that
they ben so abated: so desolat of housyng and so destroyed and 
voyde of peple which is gret doel to alle the kynges trewe      #
lieges
to knowe and to weten of swiche meschiefs done and vsed with
jnne the Rewme: 
   Besechinge also (to) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] oure #
liege lord that he wole haue compassion
and pyte vp on vs that euere haue ben trewe lieges and trewe    #
fre
tenent+g to his worthy coroune of his worthi maner and          #
tounshipe
of Chestreton byfore seide that these greuouse meschiefs that   #
ben done 
to vs mowen ben amended now at this tyme or +ge departen hennes
and this commission mowe be repeled and the obligacions
to ben adnulled and to ben delyuered to ech man his owne        #
obligacion 
for (the loue) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] of god and   #
of seynt charite:
<P 224>
[} [\A PETITION OF THE KING'S TENANTS
AT BANSTEAD, SURREY\] }]
<P 225>
[} [\DATE: 1413-19\] }]
[^TEXT OMITTED^]
<P 226>
   Also all the forsaid tenant+g pleyneth hem of the forsaid    #
Sir
Richard, and of his Officers, in +tat the same Officers         #
amercied
the forsaid tenantes in ix marcs, Far +tat thei wolde nat gree
hem to the newe custumes and vsages late made ageyns hir olde
Custumarie; And of +tat somme aforsaide there was arerid
xxvj s viij d of John White, tenant there, And +tat same John
White, in the forsaid Sir Richard Arrundell In, was holde
in prison in london tille he had founde surete to paie it hym.
   Also the forsaide Sir Richard toke Robert atte Mere, Petre   #
atte
Mere, and enprisoned hem and stokkid hem withinne the forsaid
lordship, forto haue had hem his bonde men, there +tat thei and
alle tenant+g of the same lordship aren fre, and euere haue be,
and all hire auncestrie sithen tyme oute of mynde. And, for as
moche +tat +tei nolde nat assente to hym, he amercied hem
excessiflich fro court to the somme of xl s. And for +tat
same amercimentes he destreined hem bi here Bestes and catell,
to vtre destruccion of hem, but if thei ben holpen.
   Also the forsaid Sir Richard and his Officers claymed and
toke oon Julian Lampit, the was fre tenant of the kynges there,
to be his bondewomman, and helde hire in prisoune tille he had
raunsommed her to an c s, whiche +tat had be fre tenant         #
withinne
the same lordship lx yere & more.
<P 227>
   Also the forsaide Sir Richard and his officers, agayns the
tenure of hire holdyng of +te same manere of Banestede, makis
hem Bedelles, and aftirward woll yeve hem none acquytance, but
claymeth hem for his bonde men, and alwey fro tyme to tyme
putteth hem to fyne & raunsomme, ageyns her olde auncien
custumes and vsages of olde tyme made.
   Also for these causes aforsaid, John Taillour, Richard       #
Colcok
and John Clerc, which +tat were most sufficeaunt and olde       #
tenant+g
of the foresaide lordship, aren avoided and go oute of the      #
forsaid 
lordship for euere more, and many mo bene in purpos to avoide
& go oute of +te forsaid lordship for eueremore, to vndoyng
of the forsaid lordship for euere, but if it be remedied.
   Also the forsaid tenant+g of Banstede aren destreyned by the
kyngges Baillife from terme to terme for the rerages of the
countes of the same Sir Richard, for dyuerse writtes +tat       #
rennyth
a-yens hym yn the Cheker fro the same Maner of Banstede,
Wawton, and Cherwode, yn the Counte of Surre, whiche he hath
for terme of lyf of the yeft of the kyng, yn recompensacion of
=xx=llll mark, accountyng for +te surpluys yn the Chekyr, as it
schewith by his patentes +ter-of to hym y-grauntyd, In gret
hyndryng and lettyng of theyre labour, and also in vexacion by
diuerses tymes to +te Marchalsie by cause +tat +te distresse    #
were nat
redy atte comyng thedir of the Bailly; In gret destruccion and
anientisyng of hem, but it be holpyn and remedy don +ter-to +te
sonner by your graciouse help.

<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q M3 XX DOC RET>
<N RETURN GUILDS>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 41>
[}I}]
[}GILDA CARPENTAR LONDON}]
[} [\DATE: 1389.\] }] 

   [{Thi{]s is +te boke of ordinaunces of +te brotherede of     #
Carpenteres
of London made [{on +te{] first day of Septembre in +te
+ger of +te Regne of our Lord Kyng Edward the [{third{]e after  #
+te
Conquest vij
   [{In worshepe{] of our Lord ihu crist & of his moder seint
Marie, & in +te name of seint Jo[{sep & of seint{] John         #
Baptist,
+te gode men Carpenteres han ordeined a Fraternite to be        #
hold[{en
in +te{] chirche of seint Thomas of Acon be-syde +te Conduyt
of London, & in +t=e= chirche of seint John Baptist of          #
Haliwelle
by-syde London, +tat is to witen for to fynde a tapur brennyng
in certeyn tymes to-for oure Lady & seint Josep in +te forseyd
chirche of seint Thomas, & ano+ter in +te worschepe of god &
oure lady & seint John in +t=e= chirche of Haliwell, whiche     #
schal
be holden & ruled in +te manere +tat folwe+t.
   And first is ordeined +tat alle +te bretheren & sostren of   #
+tis
fraternite schul vche Twelfday +te Midwynter be all to-gedere   #
at
+te masse in +te forseid chirche of seint Thomas, & heren
deuoutelich +tilke masse, & offren +ter-at in +te worschepe of  #
god, of
<P 42>
our lady & seint Josep, eche man a peny, and on midsomer
day in +te forseid chirche of haliwell at +te hye masse eche    #
man
a peny, & who so is absent at +tilk masses wi+t-oute verry      #
cause
schal paie to +te brotherede a pound wex.
   Also is ordeined +tat vche brother & soster of +tis          #
fraternite
schal paie +te helpyng & susteynyng of seke men, whiche
+tat falle in dissese, as by falling doun of an hous, or        #
hurtyng
of an ax, or o+ter diuerse sekenesses, twelfe penyes by +te     #
+ger.
   Also is ordeined +tat, whan any brother or soster of +tis
fraternite dye+t wi+t-inne +te cite of london or in +te         #
subarbes,
+tat alle +te bretheren & sostren schul hem gadere to-gedere    #
at +te
hous +ter +te ded body is, & bring +te body to chirche, & ben   #
at
eue at +te Placebo & dirige & o morwe at +te masse, & offren,
eche man a peny, & abide +ter til +te cors be buried, & who so
is absent at eue o+ter on morwe withoute verrey cause paie a
pound wex.
   Also is ordeined +tat, if any brother or soster dye+t & haue
nou+gt of his owen for to be buried, he schal be honestliche    #
buried
at +te costages of +te brothered.
   Also is ordeined +tat, if any brother or soster die+t        #
honeste
deth our of London +t=e= mountaunce of twelue myle & he haue
nou+gt of wher-of to be buried of his owen, +tan schul +t=e=
wardeynes of +te brotherede wenden +tyder & burie hym on the
comune costages of +t=e= bro+tered.
   Also is ordeined +tat, if any bro+ter of soster falle in to  #
puert
by goddes sonde, or in sekenes, or in any o+ter dissese, as it  #
is afore
seyd, so +tat he mowe not helpe hym self, +tan schal he haue of
+te brotherede vche woke fourtene penyes duryng his pouert,
after he ha+t lyne seke a fourten nyght. And +tat he schal be
so tymelich vesited & holpen +tat he ne schal nou+gt, for       #
defaute
of help, be brou+gt to nou+gt, ne be vndon of his astat or he   #
be
holpe. And also he schal haue duryng his pouert clothyng as an
other brother hath of +te brotherede on +te comune cost.
   Also is ordeined +tat, if +te comune box ne may nou+gt       #
perfourme
+tis fyndyng of suche seke bre+teren, +tan schul +tey
<P 43>
gadere +tat +tat lakke+t of +te bretheren, after +tat hem       #
nedeth, more
or lasse.
   Also is ordeined +tat, if any brother go idel for defaute    #
of              
werke & ano+ter bro+ter haue werke wher-on he may werken his
bro+ter, & +tat werk be such +tat his bro+ter conne wirche it,  #
+tan
schal he werche his bro+ter to-fore any o+ter +ting, & +gif     #
hym als
an other man wold take of hym for +te same wer[{k{] .
   Also is ordeined +tat alle +te bretheren & sostren schul     #
come
to-gedere foure tymes a+ger be warnyng of +te maystres, at +te
forseid chirche of seint Thomas for to paie her quartrages,
& to ordeine & byspeke +ting +tat is nedful & profitable for    #
+te
brotherede & helpyng of seke men.
   Also is ordeined +tat alle +to +tat schul be receiued in to  #
+tis
fraternite, +tey schul be receiued by +te brotheren +tat be+t   #
at +tilk
assembles, by here aller assent, & non o+ter tyme, & be charged
to holden alle +tese poyntes on amendement.
   Also is ordeined +tat no man ne woman be receyued in to
+tis fraternite bot onliche men & women of gode fame & of gode
name.
   Also is ordeined +tat if any brother or soster, after +tat   #
he be
receyued in to +tis Fraternite, by-come of euel fame o+ter of   #
euel
name, as thef, or comune barettour, or comune questmonger, or
meyntenour of quereles, or be atteint of any falshede, +tat     #
anon
he be put of +te fraternite & neuermore come +ter-jnne in no
manere.
   Also is ordeined +tat what brother +tat ne come+t nou+gt     #
atte
somons of +te maistres atte forseid four tymes of +te +ger,     #
+tat he
paie a pound wex bot if he haue verrey excusacion of his
abscense.
   Also is ordeined +tat vche +ger +ter schul four wardeines be
chosen to reule +te fraternite +tat +ger, & to ordeine it &     #
redresse
it in +te beste manere.
   Also is ordeined +tat, if any debate be bytwene any of +te
brotherede, +ta[{t{] non of hem schal folwe a+gen o+ter in none
maner, til +te wardeines & +te bretheren han asayed whe+ter     #
+tey
<P 44>
mowe accorden hem in gode manere, & if +tey nulleth nou+gt
accorden in +tis maner, vche do his beste by +te lawe, & +tat   #
no
bro+ter meynte[{yne e{]y+ter of hem preuelich ne apertliche in
none manere.
   Also is ordeined +tat, what tyme +tat any of +te bretheren   #
or of
+te sost[{ren dye+t, +tey{] schul haue a trental of messes out  #
of +te
comune box of +te forseid f[{raternite{] , +tat her soules      #
mowe +te
better be holpen.
   Also is ordeined +tat vche soule mesday schal be seyde a
t[{rental of messes at +te{] place +te bretheren wil assent     #
for +te
quike & for +te dede of +t[{e fraternite & for all{] cristen    #
soules. 

<P 50>
[}IV}]
[} [\THE GILD OF ST. FABIAN AND SEBASTIAN,
ALDERSGATE\] }]

   These ben +te poyntes & +te articles ordeigned of the        #
brotherheed
of seint Fabian & sebastian in the Cite of londone +te
whiche is founden in +te chirche of seint Botulf with oute
Aldrichesgate.
Johannes Lancastre lymenour
Magistri Fraternitatis
Ricardus Spaigne pelliparius.

   The furste poynt is this; that whan a brother or a suster    #
schal
be receyued, +tey schul be swore vpon a book to +te brotherhede
for to holde vp & meyntene the poyntes & the articles +tat
be write after folwynge, eche [{man{] to his power, sauynge his
<P 51>
estat; [{and{] +tat euerich brother & suster, in tokenyng of    #
loue
& charite & pees, atte resceyuynge schul kisse o+ter of +to     #
+tat
ben +ter.
   Also, +gif it so bifalle that any of the brotherhede falle   #
in
pouerte or be anyentised thurw+g elde, that he may nat helpe
hym self, or thurw+g any other chaunce, thurw+g fyr or watir,
theues or syknesse, or any other hap, so it be nat on hym-selue
along, ne thurw+g his owne wrecchednesse, he schal haue in +te
wyke xiiij.d. And +gif it so befalle +tat he be +gong ynow+g to
werche, and he falle in meschef, & +tat it may be take +tat he  #
ne
hath nou+gt of his owene to helpe hym self with, that the       #
bretheren
helpe hym, eche man with a porcion, what his wille be, in wey
of charite, sauynge his estaat.
   Also +tat eueri man schal paie atte Furste comynge in to the
brotherhede half a mark, & iij.d. eueri quarter, to meyntene    #
+te
li+gt of +te brotherhede & +te almesse, & +gif +te man wil      #
haue his
wyf a suster +tan schal +tat paiement stonde for hem bothe, &
+ghe to paie in +te quarter other iij.d., that is two           #
shillinges in +te
+geer for hem bothe. And +gif a sengle womman come in to the
bretherhede +ghe schal paie no lasse +tan a brother doth.
   Also +tat euery brother & suster schul be boxom, & come
whan +tey be warned to a certeyn place whider +tat +tey be
assigned, four dayes in the +geer, vpon the oth +tat +tey haue
maad & on +te peyne of xl.d. to paie to +te box; & +tis schal   #
be
peyne for alle maner defautes +tat +te bre+teren falle inne.    #
And
+tese ben +te four dayes of our assembles: - The day of seint
Fabian & sebastian principaliche, herynge a masse of +te        #
foreseid
seint+g & offre in worschepe of hem, on +te peyne forseid; The
seconde day, +te sonday next after Pask, & +te sonday next      #
after
missomer day, & +te sonday next after Micheles day, vpon +te
peyne afore-said, but he haue a verrey encheson wherfore +tat
+tey mowe be excused.
   Also what tyme +tat a brother is ded, or a suster, that they
come & offre with hem, wham +tey be warned to come, vpon +te
<P 52>
foreseid peyne, but +gif he haue a verrey encheson to be
excused.
   Also +gif any brother dye +tat hath nou+gt of his owene to   #
be
beried with, +gif it mowe be so ataken, +tanne +tat he be       #
beried
of +te comune box.
   Also +gif it befalle +tat any of +te bretherhed falle syk    #
 .x. mile
eche weyes aboute london & deyeth there, that, +gif +te         #
wardeyns
of +tat +geer ben sent after, +tat they schul wende & fecche    #
+tat
body to london, & that alle +te bretheren be redy at here
warnynge, & go a+gens +te body withoute +te citees ende for to
bringe +te body in-to +te place with worschepe, +tider as he    #
schal
be brou+gt, vpon +te foreseid peyne. And +tat +te costages      #
aboute
hym be mad good of +te box, +gif he were nou+gt of power to     #
paie
+terfor hym selue, +gif he were of power, lat his executours
paie +terfore hem self; but how so it falle, +tat +te costages  #
of
+te wardeyns be mad good of +te box.
   Also, +gif caas falleth +tat any of +te bre+teren haue nede  #
to
borwe a certein of seluer, that +tey go to keperes of +te box,  #
&
take what he hath nede of, so +tat +te somme be nat so moche
+tat on may be esed as well as an-other, & +tat +tey leye a     #
suffisaunt
wed, or elles fynde suffisant borwes of +te bro+terhede; &
+tat non o+ter borwe non +terof but of +te same brotherhede.
   Also +tat +ter schul be founde vij=e= tapres rounde, the     #
wighte of
xxj li wex, for to be li+gt on hei+ge Feste dayes, alle seuene  #
at alle
houres of +te day, in worschepe of god & his moder Marie,
& seint Fabian & Sebastian, & of alle halwes; & on sondayes &
on other symple Festes two to be li+gt of +te taperes at +te    #
hei+ge
masse. And +gif it so befalle +tat a symple bro+ter dye, +tat   #
may
nat fynde hymself no li+gt, +tanne +to vij tapres schul be mad  #
newe
& set aboute +te body, & +te torches also; & whan any bro+ter   #
deie+t,
+tat +tey haue +to torches redy to bringe hem to chirche +gif   #
nede be.
   Also, +gif any of +te bre+teren be alosed of +tefte, or a    #
comune
contecour, or of any o+ter wykked fame, wherfore +tat +te       #
companye
is apaired by, +tat withoute any delay +tat +tey be put out
of +te bre+terhede.
<P 53>
   Also +tat no bro+ter schal be resceyued but on +te dayes of  #
our
assembles.
   Also +tat four gode & trewe men schul kepe +te catel         #
longynge
to +te companye, & trewely +giue vp here acounte +te day of     #
seint
Fabian & sebastian, byfore alle +te bre+teren, or elles sixe    #
of +te
wiseste of +te same bretheren; & eche +geer +to foure schul be
chaunged, but it so befalle +tat +tey be +te more profitable to #
+te
companye.
   Also +tat +ter schal non wardeins make non newe statut+g ne
newe ordinance with-oute assent of alle +te bretherhede, &      #
+tat it
be don on on of +te foure dayes afor seid.

<P 53>
[}V}]
[} [\THE GILD OF THE ANNUNCIATION AND
ASSUMPTION, ST. PAUL'S\] }]
[} (\PRO MISTERA DE POUCHEMAKERS LONDON\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1389.\] }]

   In the worschepe of our lord & of our leuedy seinte Marie,
& in the honour of +te Festes of +te Anunciacion & of +te holy
assumpcion of her, +tis brotherhed is begonne in london of
godemen of +te craft of powchemakeres, in norisching of loue
& charite amonges hem, & in helthe of here soules by werkes of
almesdede to hem +tat falle pouere +turw+g auenture of godes    #
sonde,
& in Fyndyng of li+gt +tat is ordeyned in honour of +te Festes
foreseid; & was begonne in +te +geer of our lord                #
 .m.ccc.lvj=e=. Atte
begynnynge we schul fynde ij tapres square, +tat on to stonde
in +te chirche of our lady at Bedlem with-oute byschopesgate of
<P 54>
+te wi+gte of .x. pound, And +tat other taper to stonde in +te
chirche of seint poul in london byfore +te ymage of our lady
in +te bowk of +te chirche, of xv li. of wi+gte, +te whiche     #
tapres
schul be renewed fro +geer to +geer a+gen +te Festes foreseid.
   And also in sustenaunce of +te foreseid li+gt & in help of
almesdede we wil haue an almesse Box, to whiche box eueri
bro+ter schal paie eche quarter vj.d. ob. also longe as he is   #
of
power; & +gif any brother falle in non power by auenture of
godes sonde, & he haue paid to +te almes box his afferaunt, he
schal haue eueri wyke of +te box to his sustinance xiiij d,     #
til god
+giue hym grace of recouerance, he to preye & bidde for alle
bre+teren & alle cristne.
   And also we wile +tat alle +te bre+teren, a+gens +te dayes   #
of +te
Assumpcion of our lady, be in our lyuere of sewte after +te
ordinance of +te wardeyns, eche brother at his owne costag, the
whiche lyuere he schal kepe ij +geer, in peyne of vi li. wex    #
to +te
same li+gt.
   Also +gif any man desire to come in to our bretherhede to
ben a brother +tanne schul +te foure Wardeynes, & he +tat is
chose mene for +te comune of +te bre+terhede, +tey schul come
to-gyder & enquere by examinement of +te bre+teren of his       #
condicions,
wher he be worthi of good name & able or non, & +gif
it is founde +tat he be of good name & able +tat +te companye
may be worscheped by hym, he schal be resceyued, & elles
nou+gt; & he to make an o+t with his gode wil to fulfille +te
poyntes in +te paper, +ter whiles god +giue+t hym grace of      #
estat
& of power; & he to paie a curtesie to +te almes, as +te        #
wardeyns
& he mowe assenten, & also by +te si+gte of hym +tat is chose   #
mene
for +te companye, & in +tis maner he schal be resceyued & elles
nou+gt.
   Also we wile +tat +te foure wardeynes be chose fro +geer to  #
+ger
to be rewelers of +te bretherhede, to bigge liuere, & make her
assembles, to resceyue hem +tat schul come in to +te            #
bre+terhede,
to make good acord to here power, to make li+gt, & ordeigne
enteremens whan any falle+t, & make warnynge to +te bre+teren
<P 55>
whan it nede+t, & don alle +ting +tat is for to done toucheng   #
her
offys.
   Also, +gif any brother dye, or his wyf, they schul haue at   #
here
enterement Fyue tapres rounde the wi+gte of .l. pound, +te      #
whiche
tapres schul be renoueled to euery enterement, & vj torches of
wi+gt of lx pound, +te whiche torches schul be renoueled after  #
+te
thridde enterement. And +tat eche brother be warned by +te
wardeyns to be atte dirige in his laste lyuere, & on +te morwe  #
at
+te masses, & offre as well to pour as to Riche; & +gif any     #
brother
be founde +tat he be [{n{]ou+gt at +te enterement, as it is     #
foreseid, &
be warned, he schal paie ij li. of wex to sustenance of +te     #
li+gt afore
seid; & +gif any man be vnwarned, by +te defaute of +te         #
maystres,
The maistres schul paie +te same peyne, & to whom it euere
falle it schal be payd, but he mowe fynde a verrey encheson.
   Also, +gif any discord falle betwene any of our bre+teren,   #
as
god forbede, +te parties schul come to +te wardeynes & schewe
here gref, & +te wardeyns schul do here diligence to bring hem
to a fair acord; & in whom +te defaute be founde to stonde at
award of +te four wardeins, so +tat it schal be no nede to make
non rancour, by +te grace of god.
   Also we schole, at +te day of +te Anunciacion, come in to
+te chirche of Bedlem with-oute Bischopesgate, in our laste
lyuere, by vij of +te clokke, & +tere here a masse, & offre in  #
+te
worschepe of +te holy feste; & who +tat is founde +tat he be    #
nat
+ter, & he be warned, he schal paie a pound of wex to +te li+gt
foreseid, but he mowe fynde a verrey encheson.
   Also at +te day of +te Assumpcion +tat we come in to +te     #
chirche
of seint poules, & +ter be ensembled in our lyuere of +tat day  #
by
vij of +te clokke, & +ter here a masse, & offre in +te          #
worschepe of
+te holy feste; & who +tat is absent paie +te peyne, +tat is to
witene a pound of wex, but he mowe fynde a verrey encheson.
And +gif any of +te bre+teren be vnwarned, be +te defaute of    #
+te
maystres, +tey schul paie +te selue peyne for hem +tat be
vnwarned.
   And also we wile, on +te sonday next after +te Feste of      #
seint
<P 56>
Michel Archaungel, haue our general assemble +tere +te foure
wardeins wile ordeigne; & +terto make a dyner by +te ordinance
of +te wardeyns, eche man payenge his afferant of +tat is       #
despended;
& at +tat selue tyme +te foure wardeyns schul chese o+tere      #
foure
newe for +te +geer comynge, be settyng of foure gerlaundes; &
+tere +te  foure wardeynes schul delyuere hem of her offys &    #
of +te
catel, the whiche +tey hadde in kepyng, to +te mene, & of alle
+tinges touchyng her offys & the bre+terhede to make a Final    #
ende
& a rekenynge.
   And after +tat, we wile +tat +te mene bringe for+t +te       #
catel & +te
box, & schewe +te catel byfore alle +te bre+teren, and +tere    #
certefie
to alle +te bre+teren what ha+t be resceyued and despended in   #
alle
+ting touchynge +te Fraternite in +te +geer bifor, so +tat it   #
be knowe
to alle +te bre+teren +tat alle +ting be do ri+gtfully & wel.
   And also, whan alle +te bre+teren wite+t what +te catel is   #
in al,
by her alder si+gte, we wile +tat it be departed in fyue, and   #
+te foure
deles be itake to +te foure newe wardeyns in her kepynge, by    #
+te
deliuerance of +te mene, vpon the maner bondes as it ha+t be    #
vsed
beforn, that is to witene +tat eche of hem be bounde, and hese
borwes, in +te double of +tat he receyue+t to hym +tat is chose
mene, +tat is to witene to bring it a+gen +te sonday after +te  #
Feste
of seint Michel Archangel next sewynge.
   And also we wile +tat +te catel +tat leue+t be put in-to     #
+te box
in kepynge of +te mene, +tat, +gif caas falle of terementes     #
makyng,
o+ter of almesdede +gyuynge, of biggynge of wex, or eny salarye
be ordeyned to prest, or what +ting +tat nede+t touchyng the
bretherhede, it schal be take of +te box holiche by +te         #
delyuerance
of +te mene, & alle maner ornement+g touching +te bre+terhed,
what +tinges +tat +tey be, schulle be vnder his kepynge         #
+terwhile
he is in +tat offys.
   And also we wile +tis: +tat +gif +ter be any of our          #
bre+teren
+tat witholde+t quartrage, o+ter wex to +te li+gt, +tat is      #
ordeyned to
be payd, or any o+ter dettes touchyng +te Amesse Box, & is with
holden ouer a +ger, he schal be put out of our bre+terhed & he  #
be
for no bro+ter, vnto +te tyme +tat he haue restored of alle     #
maner
<P 57>
dettes touching +te bre+terhede, & make amendes of his trespas,
vp +te ordinance of +te foure wardeyns & of +te mene, & in +tis
maner he schal be receyued a+gen & elles nou+gt.
   And also we wilen +tis: +tat alle +tese poyntes ben wel &    #
trewely
holden among al our bre+teren, withoute any withseyeng, eueri
brother in his degre, with his gode wyl, +ter whiles god        #
+giue+t vs
grace of stat & of power.
   And also we wile, +gif +ter be any of our bre+teren +tat     #
conne
ordeyne by her gode wit ony o+tere gode poyntes +tat be to      #
godes
worschepe & nedful to our bre+terhede, we wile +tat it be       #
writen
in our paper, & iholde ferm & stable as +te poyntes aboue
wryten.
   And also we wile +tat none of her bre+teren make no sengler
conseill by hem self, +tat is witene to none of +te maystres,   #
ne
+te maystres to non of hem, as it mi+gte falle in cas for mede  #
or
be senguler profit, falle in affinite for to haue alwey, by her
sotilte, +te catel in her hond, as who so pleie+t by assent,    #
as ho
sei+t 'I may chese +te & +t=u= me fram +ger to +ger'; be swich
collusion, & be fraude ordeyned byforn a+gens good fei+t &      #
ri+gtful
trew+te, and in +tis maner it mi+gte falle; but na+teles +tus   #
wil we
nau+gt. For +tey it be so, it schal [{not holde, &{] who so is
founde in +tis defaute he schal neuere after bere offys.
   And also ho +tat schal +gyue any gerland, +tat he +gyue it   #
to
swiche on +tat is able, & hym self to be a bor[{w{]h an         #
aventure
whom he chese after hym self. 

<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q M3 XX DOC JUDG>
<N JUDGM LONDON>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 94>
[}IV}]
[} (\PROCLAMACIO SUPER JUDICIO PILLORIJ.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1418 ?\] }]

   For as moche as Thomas of Forde of Caunterbury, Sawyer,
other wyse called Thomas of Forde, Sothseyer, that here stant,
be solempne enquest afore the Mair and Aldermen take, was
endited, and aftur be another enquest atteint and convict, of
hidous trespasses and disseites, that is to seye +tat he now    #
late
cam to oon Jonet, +tat was +te wyfe of Janyn Cook of Estchepe,
seing that he was a sothseyer, and trewely wolde telle here     #
where
cc.li. and more was be-come, with a litel cofre closed be her
housbond in his life, was beried in +te ground, if it so were   #
+tat
she wold paye as well for the sotell inst[{r{]umentes +tat      #
longen to
his craft, as for his mete and drinke that he spended al +te    #
mene
<P 95>
while +tat he were in this toun, and with that also +tat she    #
wolde
ensure him to be wedded to him; which Jonet, nat knowyng
his falsnesse and disceit, paied at his byddyng for his         #
instrumentes
and mete and drinke xls. and more onward; and, Innocently
trustyng to her wordes and behest, behot hym for to do all +tat
he desired, with that condicion that he wolde perfourme and
do as he hadde hight and promised; the whiche Thomas,           #
contynuyng
his falsnesse and disceit aboueseyd, wityng wel +tat he
might ne cowde nat perfourme +tat he hadde benight, delaied
her forth fro day to day, til at the laste he knouliched his    #
Falsnesse
and profered hem amendes; and in the same wyse he
begiled and disceyued an-other woman, +tat hight Nauerine
Mauncell, behetyng here for to gete a-geyne half a gowne of
cloth of gold, which was stolen out of here kepyng, and made
here to spende vpon hym, up trust therof, xviiis. vid. and      #
more.
For the which falsnesse and disceytes, +ta Mair and Aldermen,
willyng +tat suche shul be war be hym in tyme comyng, han
awarded, after +te Custome of this Cite, +tat he, as a fals     #
lyere and
disceyuer of +te comune peple, shal stonde here vpon +te        #
pillorye
thre market dayes, eche day an hour, wi+t a Weston aboute hys
necke in tokene of a Lyere.                     Carpenter.

<P 95>
[}V}]
[} (\JUDICIUM PILLORIJ NICHOLAI KETERINGHAM PRO FALSIS
OBLIGACIONIBUS CONTROFACTIS.\) }]
[} [\DATE: RILEY GIVES DATE 1418.\] }] 

   For as mych as Nichol Wigh, o+terwise callyd Nicholas
Ketringham, o+terwise callyd John Segrave, otherwise callyd
Nicholl Pecche, +tat here stont vp-on +te pillory, is opynly    #
conuict
and atteynt, a-for +te Meir & Aldremen, for a comune mysdoer
& disceyuour of peple, & a fals contrefetour of lettres and
mennys sealx; and especiali for a lettre, which he broght late  #
in
<P 96>
+te name of Sir Nichol Pecche, knyght, to herry Somer, for to
have borwyd x li., with an obligacion of xx li. for seurete of
repayement +terof, vndir +te same knyghtes sele, as he seyde;
which lettre, obligacion, & sele were neuere made ne selyd by   #
+te
same knyght, but falsly contrefetid and forged by +tis same man
+tat here stant, as it is opynly & lawfully knowyn and provid   #
a-for
+te Meir and Althermen. And foras-mych also as +tis same man,
+tat here stant on +te pillori, on lik wyse disceyvid and       #
begilyd
Nicholl Carrewe, Squyer, with such ano+ter lettre & obligacion,
falsly contrefetid & forgyd vndur +te name & seel of +te same
sir Nichol Pecche, knyght, as it is euidently knowyn to +te
forseyd Meir and Aldermen, Therfor +te seyd Mair and Aldirmen,
considering how such worthy persones as +te same knyght
is, thurgh such falsnes in tyme comyng myght lightly and
causeles renne in sclaundre, and o+tir men in grete harme &     #
losse,
yef such falsnes & disceyt shold passe vnponysshid, han         #
awardid,
aftir +te Custume of +te Citee, in exaumple +tat al o+ter shul  #
+te
rather eschewe al such falsnes and disceyt, +tat he shal stonde
here on +te pilorie thre market dayes, eche day an hool hour,
with on of his fals lettres, be hym falsly and disseiuably      #
contrefetid
and forgid, hangyng a-bout his nek &c., and aftir +te
execucion of +tis iewesse, the thrid market day to be led fro   #
+tis
pilory to Newgate, +terin to abyde vn-to he have found seurte
of his trewe gouernaunce & good beryng in tyme comyng.

<P 100>
[}X}] 
[}THE IEWISSE OF +TE PILLORY FOR WILLIAM HOROLD
FOR FALS ROMENEY.}]
[} [\DATE: RILEY DATES THIS 1419.\] }]

   For as mych as by +te Mair, Aldermen, and Comunes of +tis
Citee hit was late ordeynid & proclamyd, for the good & eese
of al +te peple, +tat no coupere, fre ne foreyn, ne none o+ter  #
man
shold wi+tin +tis Citee rase ne gumme, or in eny other wyse     #
medle
with vndewe makyng, medlyng, or contrefetyng of Romeney, vp
<P 101>
peyne of Juesse of +te pillory; And for as mych as William
Horold, Couper, of Hampton, that here stant, ferst by one
enquest was endytid afor +te Meir and Aldermen, & aftirward
lawfully conuict and atteynt by an-other, that he, long aftir   #
the
sayd proclamacion, a-yens the tenure an fourme of +te sayd
ordenaunce, ymagynyng sotilly to deceyve +te comune peple in
contrefetyng of old and feble spaynissh wyn for good & trewe
Romeney, in +te parisshe of seynt Martyns in the vyntry, falsly
& deceyuably gummyd and rasyd ij buttes, with diuers gummes
& vnholsome o+ter thynges for mannys body, & feld hem ful
of old & feble spaynissh wyn to have a lykly manere taste and
smell to the drynkyng of Romeney thurgh +te gummyng and
rasyng aboue seyd; Also, +te same William, in gretter deceyt of
+te peple, for to make the same wyn haue a lykly colour of
Romeney, wold have put poudir of bayes and o+ter poudres
+ter-in, yef he had noght +te more warly be let by certein
officers, +tat toke hym +terwith; Therfor the Meir and          #
Aldermen,
wyllyng +tat euery man +te rather shold eschewe such falsnes    #
and
disceyt in tyme comyng, haue, aftir +te fourme of +te forseyd
ordenaunce, awardid +tat he shal stonde here on +te pillory     #
+tis
day an hour.  

<P 233>
[}III}]
[} [\PRESENTMENT BY A JURY\] }]
[} [\DATE: C. 1396-7.\] }]
 
   To +gow Worschepeful Justice Sir Walter Clopton & to +te
Corowner of oure lord kyng We, Iswore as fore +te kynges
proffit by owre othes a +te by-gynnyng, presentyn +tat Thomas
Bradle, John Spaldyng, William Schyngilwode, prest, Richard
Langeforde and other mo +tat we knowe no[{w{]t, at +te oure of
mydnyt +te thorusday in estarne Weke, +te reyne of oure lord    #
+te
Kyng xvj=e=, comyn With forse & armes, +tat is for to seye      #
bowes
& arwes, swerdes & bokelers, gaderid hem to-gedere in +te feld
of Stebenythe parich, by-syde Schordych parich, by-syde John
+gerelddys croft, in Middlesex, & +tere betyn down a peire      #
berseles
by force & armes, a+geynes +te kynges pees, and to gret rankour
to al +te contre of Schordych.
<P 234>
   And also +te friday folwynge in +te same Woke of Estarne, in
+te same +ger of owre lord +te kyng xvj=e=, Thomas Bradle, John
Spaldyng, William Schyngilwode, preest, & Richard langeford,
with other mo vne-knowen, in +te feld of Stebenythe, vp-on +te
land of John +gereld by-syde Schordych, with force & armes,
bowes & arwes, swerdes & bokelers & other wepene, & +tere asawt
madyn to +te sone of John +gereld and to +te +gomen of          #
Schordych,
+tat +tere were in amendyng of here berseles, her bowe+g & her
schouele+g brokyn & hewen, & hem foule afrayedyn, +tat +tei     #
dredyn
hem of here lyues, ageynns +te kynges pees. And also +te        #
thorusday
next aftar +te translacion of Seynt Thomas of Caunterbiry,
+te reygne of oure lord +te kyng xviij=e=, +te priour of seynt  #
Marie
Spetele, Thomas Bradle, John Spaldynge, William Schyngilwode,
preest, & Richard langeford, with other mo vne-knowyn, with-owt
warant of lawe out putte William Auerey out of a chaumbre +tat
William Auerey made, +te weche +tat he tok of +te same Priour
& of his Couent, in a place +tat is clepid Sustar croft, &      #
+terine
entred in & owt h[{i{]m putte ageynes +te kynges pees etc.
   And also +te thorusday in +te feste of seynt Jame in+te      #
+ger of
+te reigne of oure lord +te kyng xviij=e=, Thomas Bradle &      #
Richard
langeforde, with other mo vnknowe, with force & armes entredyn
in-to +te chaumbre +tat Will Auerey made, +te weche +tat he     #
tok of
+te same priour & hys Couent, & Sissely +te Wif of William
Auerey & Johane +te Wif of Thomas Fyncham asaut made & hem
beten & blod drowen, & out of +tat chaumbre hem pute, & gret
affray made a-geynes +te kynges pees etc. 

<S SAMPLE 5>

<Q M3 XX DOC TEST>
<N TEST LONDON>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 209>
[}I}]
[} (\TESTAMENTUM ROBERTI CORN.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1387, PROVED 14 MARCH, 1389.\] }]

   In the name of god, Amen, the thorsday Befor the feste of
seint laurence, the +ger of the incarnacion of our lord,        #
(\Millesimo
CCC=mo= lxxxvij\) , the reyne of the kyng Richard the secund    #
after the
conquest the x., I, Robert Corn, Ceteseyn of london, be-quethe
my sowle to god, to lygge in the chirch of our lady of          #
abbechirch.
Also y be-quethe my goodes in twey partyes, that ys
for [{to{] seie, half to me, and the tother haluyndel to        #
watkyn my
sone and to katerine my dowter, and also, or my godes be        #
topartyd,
y will that my dettes be payd in alle places that rythful
ys. Also y be-quethe watkyn my sone the hous atte Caleys and
the dedys ther-with. Also y be-quethe genet my dowter xl.s.
Also to the werk of our lady of Abbechirch xx.s. Also to the
Brethered of our lady of Abbechirch xx.s. Also to eueri
prest that ys of this chirch, ij.s. Also to the twey clerkes    #
that
bene in the chirch euerich of hem ij.s. Also y be-quethe x.s.
to the most nedful men & women +tat ben in the parche of our
lady of abbechirch. Also y be-quethe iij.li. to bringe me on
erthe. Also y be-quethe Bartilmewe neue the bed of tree, with
the cheste atte the foot, weche they haue of myn, & the lauour
of peuter with the basyn of led. Also y wille and ordeyne +tat
alle the godes weche y haue be-quethe katerine, +tat it be in
kepyng of my too executours, here for to take as sche had ned.
Also y be-quethe to the werk of poulys vj.s. viij.d. And also
wat godes +tat leuet to-ward me, y will +tat it be do of massys
and of almes-dedys +tere most nedful ys. And here-to I ordeine
watkyn my sone, secutour, & Bartilmewe neue +tat o+ter; &
vp-on this y will +tat Bartilmewe neue haue for hys traueal,    #
after
<P 210>
+tat he seruit. Also y will +tat John Edmund [{haue{] al +t=e=  #
led
+tat light in +t=e= stuys, & +t=e= sesterne +tat longe+t to     #
the stuys, and
+t=e= bordes & +t=e= gaudron in +t=e= kechyn +tat stont in      #
forneys, he
to paie +ter-for as it ys worthy, for-be ony otherman.

<P 211>
[}III}]
[} (\TESTAMENTUM JOHANNIS GYRDELER DE HARFELD.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1402, PROVED 8 AUG. 1402.\] }]
 
   In the name of god, Amen. +t=e= xxv day of Juyll in +t=e=
reigne of kyng Henry, iij +ger, I John Girdeler of Harfeld, in  #
god
mynde and saf memorye, make my testement. Ferst my soule
to Almyghtty god, my body for to rest in the Chirche of
Synt pietres at Westmenstre, wher as +t=e= Abbot wol asyne. And
y bequethe to +t=e= werk of Synt powles of london vj.s. viij.d.
Also y bequethe to +te Couent of Westmenstre x mark. Also y
bequethe for vj torchis of wax for to serue atte awter of Synt
pietre in +t=e= worschip of god xl.s. Also y bequethe to +t=e=  #
parich
chirche of Harfeld xx.s. Also y bequeth to +te heye awter of
+t=e= forseyd chirch ij torchis of wax for to serue in the      #
worschip
of god xiij.s. iiij.d. Also y bequethe atte day of my terment   #
in
Harfeld, to an .C. pouer men and wommen, for +t=e= loue of
god, euerych I.d. Also y +geue to +t=e= parich prest of Harfeld
x.s. Also y +geue to +t=e= clerk of +t=e= chirch of Harfeld     #
xij.d.
And to +t=e= sexsteyn xij.d. Also y bequethe to +t=e= parich
chirch of Ikenham xiij.s. iiij.d. Also ij torchis of wax for to
serue in +t=e= forseyd chirche in the worschip of god xiij.s.   #
iiij.d.
Also y bequeth to +t=e= parich chirch of Ryslep in most         #
worchip of
god vj.s. viij d. Also to +t=e= forseyd chirche y +geue for to  #
serue atte
heye awter and in othir places of +t=e= chirche in +t=e= most   #
worschip
of god ij torchis of wax, pris xiij s. iiij d. &c. Also y       #
bequethe
to +t=e= parich chirche of Helindon in most worschip of god,    #
vj s.
viij d. Also to +t=e= forseyd Chirch y +geue for to serue atte  #
+t=e=
heye Awter and in othir place of the chirche in the most        #
worschip
of god ij torchis of wax, pris xiij s. iiij d. Also y bequeth
to +t=e= Mendyng of +t=e= heye way be-twen Hillindon and Akton,
<P 212>
xl.s. Also y bequethe to vj=xx= pouere Bedrede men & wommen
wher as +tey may be founde +t=e= day of my terment atte         #
Westmenstre,
or hastelich after, euerych man and womman, for +t=e=
loue of god, iiij d. My seketours, William kyllet of Essex,     #
John
Mendam of london, Thomas Tornour of Ikenham; John
Cosyn of london, ouerseer, +tat my wylle be fulfylyd in +t=e=
worschip of god.

<P 214>
[}VII}]
[} [\WILL OF JOHN PLOT (ALIAS ROUWENHOLE OR ROUWENHALE).\] }]
[} [\DATE: 4 JULY 1408, PROVED 20 DEC. 1408.\] }]

   In the name of god, Amen. And Also y, John plot, Citaysyn
and Maltman of london, beynge In gode Mende, In the day of
translacion of seynt Martyn Bysshopp, the +ger of Owr lord god
M=o=CCCC=mo= & viij. And the +ger of the Reygne of kyng henri   #
the
iiij=e= aftir the conquest ix=e=. My will ys thys, that Robert
pygeon, Citaysyn & draper of london, Somtyme Cosyn to Alys
my wyue, - that god haue Mercy on her sowle & on alle Cristyn
sowlys, - that he take ful Charge & ful ministracion of al my
godys, In whos handys & kepyng wher they been, And Also the
same Robert fulfelle alle my wille a-fore the date of thys. And
Also my wyll ys thys, that he & hys Executours, other hys
assyngnes, haue gouernance of my prest, & for to paye to the
same prest for the terme of thre +ger After my deses, +gyf he   #
be
of good conuersacion, & Cunne devyne seruyse, xx.li. And +gyf
hit be the contrarie, y wil that he be put owte of hys seruice,
& take yn A betyr be the Same Robert Pygeon, & be hys
<P 215>
Executours, othir be hys assyngnys, And thys ys my wyll. And
Also my wyll ys, that the Same Robert pygeon, hys Executours
& hys assygnys haue gouernans & rewlyng of my obytis, that ys
for to sayn, my +gerys mynde, xx wynter Aftir my deses; And my
wyl ys, for to be do for my sowle, & for the Sowle of Alys my
wyue, & for all Cristyn sowlys, with solempne seruise, that ys
for to sayn, wyth Belle Rynggyng, deryge be note, & Masse of
requiem be note. & y wyll that the person of the same Churche
as for that tyme, haue iiij d., & euery prest and clerkys haue
ij d. & Also my wyl ys that ther be delyd that Same daye to
the pouer peple xl d., And Also payde for brede & Ale to
Spende atte my dyryge, xl.d. And Also my wyl ys thys, that
John White, Alys Kamerwell, Mavde White, Margarete Herelowe,
Wedue, have A-+gens the day of my terment, gownes of
russet, with hodys of the same clothe. And Also my wyll ys
thys, that Alys, the seruant of Mawde White, haue A bras pot    #
for
her gode seruice. Also my wyl ys, that Mawde White be rewardyd
for her Gode kepyng, & for the gode loue that Sche
hath Schewyd to me, be the discrecion of Robert pygeon, myn
Executour & ouerseer of my testament & of my last wyll. Also
my wyll ys, that John Walgraue, seruant of Wyllyam fondour,
haue of my gode iij s~. iiij d. Also my wyll ys, that Maydenys  #
of
gode name & of gode fame haue x Marc of my gode to her
Mariage, atte the dysposicion of Robert pygeon. Also my wyl ys,
that thyr be Spendyth among my Nyebourus in Mete & in
drynke A-bowte the riche, & on the pouere, of my[{n{]de,        #
iij=li=.
And Also hit ys my wyl that hit be, be the wyll & be the devyce
of Robert pygeon; & that y wyl that he haue for hys labour
more than he ys nemnyd a-fore the date of thys, xx s~. And that
he do be me, as he wolde y dede by hym, as he wyl Answer
atte day of dome. And thys ys my last wyl, y-wrete In the day &
+ger A-bovyn y-Sayde. Also my wyl ys thys, that [{ther{] be
yspendyth betwene london And war, of fowle weys, of My good,
ther most nede ys, C s~.: & thys ys my wyll Record on Mawd
White And Margarete Herlowe, wedewe. 

<S SAMPLE 6>

<Q M3 STA DOC LPROCL>
<N PROCL LONDON>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z STAT>

<P 31>
[} [\PROCLAMATIONS OF NICHOLAS BREMBRE\] }]
[}I}]
[} (\PROCLAMACIO DE CONGREGACIONIBUS CONUENTICLIS &
CONSPIRACIONIBUS NON FACIENDIS.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1383-4\] }]
 
   The Mair, shirreues and aldermen and alle other wyse, wyth
hem that habbeth the gouernaille of the Citee vnder oure lige
lord the kyng by vertue of the chartre of oure franchise,
Comaundeth on the kynges bihalf and on hire owene also that
no man make none congregaciouns, conuenticules, ne assembles
of poeple in priue nen apert, Ne no more craftes than other
men, with-oute leue of the Mair; Ne ouermore in none manere
ne make alliances, confederacies, conspiracies, ne obligaciouns
for to bynde men to-gidre, for to susteyne eny quereles in
lyuyngge and deyengge to-gidre, vpon peyne of enpresonement
<P 32>
vche man that is yfounde in swych defaute, and his bodi at the
kyngges wille, and forfaiture of al that he may forfaite a-yens
oure lord the kyng as wel in tenementz as in catel; and         #
ouermore
the Mair, shirreues and aldermen willeth & graunteth
power to euery fre man of the Citee, as wel as to officers,     #
that
yef eny man of hem may aspie eny swich congregaciouns or
couynes, in gaderyng or ygadred, to areste hem & eche persone
of hem, and brynge hem als blyue to fore the Mair, yef he is at
leiser, or elles to Neugate in to tyme that the Mayr may        #
attende
ther-to.
 
<P 32>
[}II}]
[} (\ALIA PROCLAMACIO DE EXTRANEIS VITALLARIIS UENIENDIS
& UENDENDIS ABSQUE IMPEDIMENTO PISCES SUOS.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1383-4.\] }]

   For as moche as rumour and spekyngge is amonges some
men of the Citee that vitaillers foreins, bringyngge fissh to   #
the
Citee of london to selle, shulde be restrained and ylet of hire
comyngge to the citee wyth hire forsaid fissh to selle it       #
freliche,
which thyng nas neuer the Maires wille ne the aldermens ne hire
entente, as semeth openlich in dede, but that alle swiche       #
vitaillers
foreins, that bryngeth fissh or other vitailles to the same     #
Citee to
selle, mowe come and selle hire forseid fissh and vitailles to  #
the 
comunes of the same Citee, to lordes, and to alle other, thedir
repeiryng freliche withoute destourbaunce or lettyng of eny man
in priue or apiert, Wherfore the Mair and aldermen comandeth
on the kyngges half and on hire owene half also that no man of
what condicioun or degre that he be, priue ne straunge,         #
withynne
the franchise of the Cite ne with-oute, ne destourbe, lette
ne greue in dede ne in word ne in non other manere no maner
straunge vitailler bryngynge fissh or eny other vitaille by     #
land
<P 33>
or by water to the Citee to selle, wher-by eny swych vitailler
straunger be destourbed that he ne mowe nought selle his fissh
or other vitaille freliche to whom he mowe, vp-on peyne of
enprisonement at the Maires wille and forfaiture of al that he 
may forfaite a-yens the kyng. And also that no denzeins ne
non other ne bigge no manere fissh ne other vitailles for to    #
selle
a-yen for-to ten of the clokke be smyte, vp-on peyne forsaid.
And yef eny man fynt hym y-greued in eny poynt forsaid, come
and pleyne hym to the Mair and aldermen and he shal haue
right and resoun.

<P 33>
[}III}]
[} [\DATE: 1383-44.\] }]
 
   The mair and aldermen comandeth, as wel for oure lord the
kyng As for hemselue, that no man, of what astat or condicioun
that he be, be y-founde goyngge or walkyngge with-ynne the
Citee, ne with-ynne the fraunchise of the same Citee, by nyghte
after ix of the clokke be y-smyte, vp-on payne of al that hij
mowe forfaite a-yens oure lord the kyng and a-yens the Citee in
body or in godes, outtake the Mair & his ministres and hij that
haueth leue in special by the Mair; and yef eny other be        #
yfounde
that he be arest als so swithe and y-lad to prisone bi whom     #
+tat
he be yfounde.

<P 97>
[}VII}]
[} (\PROCLAMACIO UERSUS ABROCATORES.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1418-19?\] }]

   For as moche as here be-fore the Cite of London hatht had,
ant yet is lykly to haue, but it be the sonner remedied, gret
Mischiefs, sclaundres, and harmes thorugh the gret disceyt and
falsnesse of Brokours, which, for drede of god ne shame of +te
world, cesen nat, but thaym fro day to day peyne and afforcen
vnder colour of Brocage to manteigne +te orrible vices of vsure
and fals cheuisauns, be which vices is nat oonly this Cite
sclaundred, but many wor+ti men vtterluy distroyed, and +te     #
good
fourme and Cours of Merchaundise poynt to be perisshed for
euer, as god for-bede; Therfor +te Mair and Aldermen, with
thassent of +te comunes of this Cite, to +te worschip of god
principalliche, for amendement and releuacion of the people.
and in eschuyng alle +te mischiefs, sclaundres, harmes, and     #
falsnesses
abouesayd, haue ordeined and stablisshed, and by this
crye +terof don make notice to alle maner men, +tat no maner
<P 98>
persone, fre ne forein, be so hardy betuene +tis and            #
mighelmasse
+tat next cometh to make, medle, or consent in any wyse, priue
or appert, with any maner of brocage with-inne +tis Cite, vp
peyne of inprisonement of ther bodyes tuelfmoneth and a day,
and makyng fyn to +te Chaumber after discrecion of the Mair
and Aldermen, what +tat euer he be +tat may be founde or
atteint in any wyse in +te contraire. And morouer +te forsaid
Mair, Aldremen & Communs han ordeigned and stablisshed, and
by this proclamacion laten al men to wete, that what maner
man can aspie any maner persoune meke, medle, or consent in
any wyse with any maner of brocage with-inne +tis Cite, ayeins
+te ordeignaunce abouesayd, lat hym make relacion +ter-of to    #
+te
Mair, or +te Chaumberleyn of +tis Citee, and he shal haue +te
fourthe part of +te fyn +tat +te trespasour on this behalue     #
shal
make.

<P 99>
[}IX}]
[}PROCLAMACIOUN OF ROMENEY & +TORDINAUNCE THEROF.}]
[} [\DATE: RILEY GIVES DATE 1419.\] }]

   For as moch as many gret now-a-dayes, And long tyme
hertofore, bothe englisshmen & Aliens, in comone harme of
alle the Peple and gret sclaundre of +tis Citee, naught         #
charginge
her owne vntrou+te & disceyt, daylych vsyn within +tis Citee
+tair wyne of spayne, Rochell & o+ter remenauntz of brokyn,
sodyn, reboyllid, and vnthrifty wynes of o+ter Contrees, whan   #
+tei
are feblyd in colour & noght in value, to put yn diuers buttys
and o+tir vessels +tat are here rasyd and gummyd with picche,
code, & o+tir horrible & vnholsome +tinges, for to reduce and
bryng ayen, in disceyte of +te peple, a plesaunt colour to +te  #
sight,
and a lykly manere drynkyng of Romeney to +te smell and tast.
And noght only for exclusion & puttyng a-wey of +tis opyn
& sclaunderouse deseyt, here with-yn +tis Citee late practisid
and bygonne, but also for +te redy remevyng of grete multitude
of such wynes, deceyuablych contrefetyd and medlid on
+te other syde of +te see, and broght hydir to selle, The
peticion of +te Comons hath oftyn here-to-for requirid a
couenable remedie; wherfor +te Mair & Aldirmen, +tat now
are, be good deliberacion & assent of +te Comons, knowyng
wele +tat al +te grete multitude of wynes +tat are clepid
'Romeneyes' wi+t-in this Citee are but contrefetid of spaynissh
wyne and Rochell & o+ter remenauntz of wyne forseyd, albeit
+tat in colour & tast, be the deseyuable menys forseys, it      #
semith
o+ter, willyng also the stable amendement of +te deceyt & fals
contrefetyng and vntrewe medlyng forsayd, and +tat eche wyne
be sold hole in his degre & kynd as he growith, han ordeynid
& establisshyd +tat no man, with-yn +tis Citee or +te liberte   #
+terof,
fro this day forward, selle a galon of +te best such wyne       #
contrefetid,
<P 100>
that +tei calle 'Romeney', no derrer +tan vjd., on peyne of
forfaiture of al +te vessell and wyn, wherof he sellith oght    #
in +te
contrarie. And also +tat fro this day forward no man, with-yn
+tis Citee ne +te liberte +ter-of, fre ne forein, coloure ne    #
medle no
manere wyn, +tat is to sey no white wi+t rede, old with newe,
hole with brokyn or corrupt, Rochel with Renyssh, ne none
o+tere wyne of diuers kyndes ne growynges to-gidir, but selle
hem hole & trewe, evyn as +tei growyn, vp peyne of Juysse of    #
+te
pillorye as oft as he may be conuict in +te contraire. And also
+tat no Couper ne none othir man, with-yn +te fraunchise of     #
+tis
Citee, be so hardy, fro +tis day forward, in his owne persone   #
or
by his seruaunt, to gumme, rase, bynde, setynhede, or in eny
o+ter wyse contrefete, or medle with +te vndewe makyng or
contrefetyng of, ony manere wyn, vp peyne of the same
Juysse of pyllory to have as oft as he is lawfully conuict or
atteynt +ter-of. And more-ouere, for +taccomplissement of
sikerer holdyng and continuaunce of +tis ordeynaunce, the Mair
and Aldermen haue ordeynid +tat euery man, of what degre,
astate, or condicion +tat he be, +tat can aspye or enfourme +te
Chamberleyn of +tis Citee of eny persone +tat in ony wise       #
sellith
ony romeneyes or eny o+ter wynes, or hem medlith or colourith
in eny wyse, a-yens +te manere and fourme aboue expressid, shal
have +te thrid parte of +te forfaiture +terof demyd for his     #
labour. 



<B CMASTRO>
<Q M3 IS HANDA ASTR>
<N ASTROLABE>
<A CHAUCER GEOFFREY>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB ASTRONOMY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  A TREATISE ON THE ASTROLABE.
THE RIVERSIDE CHAUCER.
ED. L. D. BENSON.
BOSTON: HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY, 1987. 
PP. 662.C1.1 - 673.C2.7^]

<P 662.C1>
[}A TREATISE ON THE ASTROLABE}]

   Lyte Lowys my sone, I aperceyve wel by certeyne
evydences thyn abilite to lerne sciences
touching nombres and proporciouns; and as wel
considre I thy besy praier in special to lerne the
tretys of the Astrelabie. Than for as mochel as a
philosofre saith, "he wrappith him in his frend,
that condescendith to the rightfulle praiers of his
frend," therfore have I yeven the a suffisant Astrolabie
as for oure orizonte, compowned
after the latitude of Oxenforde; upon 
which, by mediacioun of this litel tretys, I 
purpose to teche the a certein nombre of conclusions 
aperteynyng to the same instrument. I 
seie a certein of conclusions, for thre causes. The 
first cause is this: truste wel that alle the conclusions 
that han be founde, or ellys possibly 
might be founde in so noble an instrument as is 
an Astrelabie ben unknowe parfitly to eny mortal 
man in this regioun, as I suppose. Another 
cause is this, that sothly in any tretis of the 
Astrelabie that I have seyn, there be somme 
conclusions that wol not in alle thinges parformen 
her bihestes; and somme of hem ben to 
harde to thy tendir age of ten yeer to conceyve.
   This tretis, divided in 5 parties, wol I shewe
the under full light reules and naked wordes in
Englissh, for Latyn ne canst thou yit but small,
my litel sone. But natheles suffise to the these
trewe conclusions in Englissh as wel as sufficith
to these noble clerkes Grekes these
same conclusions in Grek; and to Arabiens
in Arabik, and to Jewes in Ebrew, and to 
Latyn folk in Latyn; whiche Latyn folk had
hem first out of othere dyverse langages, and
<P 662.C2>
writen hem in her owne tunge, that is to seyn,
in Latyn. And God woot that in alle these
langages and in many moo han these conclusions
ben suffisantly lerned and taught, and yit
be diverse reules; right as diverse pathes
leden diverse folk the righte way to Rome.
Now wol I preie mekely every discret persone
that redith or herith this litel tretys to have
my rude endityng for excusid, and my superfluite
of wordes, for two causes. The first cause
is for that curious endityng and hard sentence
is ful hevy at onys for such a child to lerne.
And the secunde cause is this, that sothly me
semith better to writen unto a child twyes a
god sentence, than he forgete it onys.
   And Lowys, yf so be that I shewe the in
my lighte Englissh as trewe conclusions
touching this mater, and not oonly as trewe
but as many and as subtile conclusiouns, as
ben shewid in Latyn in eny commune tretys
of the Astrelabie, konne me the more thank.
And preie God save the king, that is lord of
this langage, and alle that him feith berith and
obeieth, everich in his degre, the more and
the lasse. But considre wel that I ne usurpe
not to have founden this werk of my labour 
or of myn engyn. I n'am but a lewd compilator
of the labour of olde astrologiens, and have it
translatid in myn Englissh oonly for thy doctrine.
And with this swerd shal I sleen envie.
   (\Prima pars.\) - The firste partie of this tretys
shal reherse the figures and the membres of
thyn Astrelabie by cause that thou shalt have
the gretter knowing of thyn oune instrument.
<P 663.C1>
   (\Secunda pars.\) - The secunde partie 
shal techen the worken the verrey practik 
of the forseide conclusiouns, as ferforth and 
as narwe as may be shewed in so small an 
instrument portatif aboute. For wel woot 
every astrologien that smallist fraccions ne 
wol not be shewid in so small an instrument as 
in subtile tables calculed for a cause.
   (\Tertia pars.\) - The thirde partie shal contene
diverse tables of longitudes and latitudes
of sterres fixe for the Astrelabie, and tables
of the declinacions of the sonne, and tables
of longitudes of citees and townes; and
tables as well for the governaunce of a clokke, as
for to fynde the altitude meridian; and many anothir 
notable conclusioun after the kalenders
of the reverent clerkes, Frere J. Somer and
Frere N. Lenne.
   (\Quarta pars.\) - The fourthe partie shal ben
a theorike to declare the moevyng of the celestiall 
<P 663.C2>
bodies with the causes. The whiche 
fourthe partie in speciall shal shewen a 
table of the verrey moeving of the mone 
from houre to houre every day and in every 
signe after thyn almenak. Upon which table 
there folewith a canoun suffisant to teche as 
wel the manere of the worchynge of the same 
conclusioun as to knowe in oure orizonte with 
which degre of the zodiak that the mone arisith 
in any latitude, and the arisyng of any planete 
after his latitude fro the ecliptik lyne.
   (\Quinta pars.\) - The fifthe partie shal 
be an introductorie, after the statutes of 
oure doctours, in which thou maist lerne a gret 
part of the generall rewles of theorik in astrologie. 
In which fifthe partie shalt thou fynden 
tables of equaciouns of houses after the latitude of 
Oxenforde; and tables of dignitees of planetes, 
and othere notefull thinges, yf God wol vouche 
saaf and his Moder the Maide, moo than I 
behete.

<P 663.C1>
[} [\PART I\] }]
[}HERE BEGYNNETH THE DESCRIPCIOUN OF THIN ASTRALABIE.}]

   1. Thyn Astralabie hath a ring to putten on
the thombe of thi right hond in taking the
height of thinges. And tak kep, for from henes
forthward I wol clepen the heighte of any thing
that is taken by the rewle "the altitude," withoute
moo wordes.
   2. This ryng renneth in a maner toret fast
to the moder of thyn Astrelabie in so rowme a
space that it distourbith not the instrument to
hangen after his right centre.
   3. The moder of thin Astrelabye is thikkest
plate, perced with a large hool, that resceiveth
<P 663.C2>
in hir wombe the thynne plates compowned
for diverse clymates, and thy reet shapen in
manere of a nett or of a web of a loppe.
   4. This moder is dividid on the bakhalf with
a lyne that cometh descending fro the ring
doun to the netherist bordure. The whiche
lyne, fro the forseide ring unto the centre of
the large hool amidde, is clepid the south lyne,
or ellis the lyne meridional. And the remenaunt
of this lyne doun to the bordure is
<P 664.C1>
clepid the north lyne, or ellis the lyne of 
midnyght.
   5. Overthwart this forseide longe lyne ther
crossith him another lyne of the same lengthe
from eest to west. Of the whiche lyne, from
a litel cros [^FIGURE OMITTED^] in the bordure unto the centre
of the large hool, is clepid the est lyne, or
ellis the lyne orientale. And the remenaunt of
this lyne, fro the forseide centre unto the bordure,
is clepid the west lyne, or ellis the lyne
occidentale. Now hast thou here the foure
quarters of thin Astrolabie divided after the
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foure principales plages or quarters of the
firmament.
   6. The est syde of thyn Astrolabie is clepid
the right syde, and the west syde is clepid the
left syde. Forget not thys, litel Lowys. Put
the ryng of thyn Astrolabie upon the thombe
of thi right hond, and than wol his right side
be toward thi lift side, and his left side wol be
toward thy right side. Tak this rewle generall,
as wel on the bak as on the wombe syde. Upon 
the ende of this est lyne, as I first seide, is
marked a litel cros [^FIGURE OMITTED^] , where as evere 
moo generaly is considerid the entring of
the first degre in which the sonne arisith.
   7. Fro this litel cros [^FIGURE OMITTED^] up to the ende
of the lyne meridionall, under the ryng, shalt
thou fynden the bordure divided with 90 degrees;
and by that same proporcioun is every
quarter of thin Astrolabie divided. Over the
whiche degrees ther ben noumbres of augrym
that dividen thilke same degres fro 5 to 5, as
shewith by longe strikes bitwene. Of whiche
longe strikes the space bitwene contenith
a myle wey, and every degre of the bordure
conteneth 4 minutes; this is to seien,
mynutes of an houre.
   8. Under the compas of thilke degrees ben
writen the names of the 12 Signes: as
Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo,
Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricornus, Aquarius,
Piscis. And the nombres of the degrees of
thoo signes be writen in augrym above, and
with longe divisiouns fro 5 to 5, dyvidid fro
the tyme that the signe entrith unto the last
ende. But understond wel that these degres 
of signes ben everich of hem considred 
of 60 mynutes, and every mynute of 
60 secundes, and so furth into smale fraccions 
infinite, as saith Alkabucius. And therfore 
knowe wel that a degre of the bordure contenith 
4 minutes, and a degre of a signe conteneth 
60 minutes, and have this in mynde.
   9. Next this folewith the cercle of the daies,
that ben figured in manere of degres, that contenen
in nombre 365, dividid also with longe
strikes fro 5 to 5, and the nombre in augrym
writen under that cercle.
<P 665.C1>
   10. Next the cercle of the daies folewith the
cercle of the names of the monthes, that is to
say, Januarius, Februarius, Marcius, Aprilis,
Maius, Junius, Julius, Augustus, September,
October, November, December. The names 
of these monthes were clepid somme for
her propirtees and somme by statutes of 
lordes Arabiens, somme by othre lordes of Rome.
Eke of these monthes, as liked to Julius
Cesar and to Cesar Augustus, somme were
compouned of diverse nombres of daies, as
Julie and August. Than hath Januarie 31 daies,
Februarie 28, March 31, Aprill 30, May 31,
Junius 30, Julius, 31 Augustus 31, Septembre
30, Octobre 31, Novembre 30, Decembre 31.
Natheles, all though that Julius Cesar toke 2
daies out of Feverer and putte hem in his
month of Juyll, and Augustus Cesar clepid the
month of August after his name and ordeined
it of 31 daies, yit truste wel that the
sonne dwellith therfore nevere the more
ne lasse in oon signe than in another.
   11. Than folewen the names of the holy
daies in the Kalender, and next hem the lettres
of the A B C on whiche thei fallen.
   12. Next the forseide cercle of the A B C,
under the cross lyne, is marked the skale in
manere of 2 squyres, or ellis in manere of laddres,
that serveth by his 12 pointes and his
dyvisiouns of ful many a subtil conclusioun.
Of this forseide skale fro the cross lyne unto
the verrey angle is clepid (\Umbra Versa\) , and
the nethir partie is clepid (\Umbra Recta\) , or
ellis (\Umbra Extensa\) .
   13. Than hast thou a brod reule, that hath
on either ende a square plate perced with certein
holes, somme more and somme lasse, to
resceyve the stremes of the sonne by day, and
eke by mediacioun of thin eye to knowe the
altitude of sterres by night.
   14. Than is there a large pyn in manere of
an extre, that goth thorugh the hole that halt
the tables of the clymates and the riet in the
wombe of the moder; thorugh which pyn ther
goth a litel wegge, which that is clepid the
hors, that streynith all these parties to-hepe.
Thys forseide grete pyn in manere of an extre
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is ymagyned to be the Pool Artik in thyn
Astralabie.
   15. The wombe syde of thyn Astrelabie is
also divided with a longe cros in 4 quarters
from est to west, fro southe to northe, fro
right syde to left side, as is the bakside.
   16. The bordure of which wombe side is
divided fro the point of the est lyne unto the 
point of the south lyne under the ring, in 90
degrees; and by that same proporcioun is every
quarter divided, as is the bakside. That
amountith 360 degrees. And understond wel
that degres of this bordure ben aunswering and
consentrike to the degrees of the equinoxiall,
that is dividid in the same nombre as every 
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othir cercle is in the highe hevene. This 
same bordure is divided also with 23
lettres capitals and a small cross [^FIGURE OMITTED^] above
the south lyne, that shewith the 24 houres
equals of the clokke. And, as I have seid, 5
of these degres maken a myle wey, and 3 milewei
maken an houre. And every degre of thys
bordure contenith 4 minutes, and every minute
60 secundes. Now have I told the twyes.
   17. The plate under the riet is discrived
with 3 cercles, of whiche the leest is 
clepid the cercle of Cancre by cause that the 
heved of Cancre turnith evermo consentrik
<P 666.C2>
upon the same cercle. In this heved
of Cancer is the grettist declinacioun northward
of the sonne, and therfore is he clepid
solsticium of somer; which declinacioun, after
Ptholome, is 23 degrees and 50 minutes as
wel in Cancer as in Capricorn. This signe 
of Cancer is clepid the tropik of somer, of
(\tropos\) , that is to seien "ageynward." For than
beginneth the sonne to passen from us-ward.
   The myddel cercle in wydnesse, of these 3,
is clepid the cercle equinoxiall, upon which 
turnith evermo the hevedes of Aries and Libra.
And understond wel that evermo thys cercle
equinoxiall turnith justly from verrey est to verrey
west as I have shewed the in the speer
solide. This same cercle is clepid also
Equator, that is the weyer of the day; for
whan the sonne is in the hevedes of Aries and 
Libra, than ben the dayes and the nightes ylike
of lengthe in all the world. And therfore ben
these 2 signes called the equinoxiis. And all
that moeveth withinne the hevedes of these
Aries and Libra, his moevyng is clepid northward;
and all that moevith withoute these
hevedes, his moevyng is clepid southward,
as fro the equinoxiall. Tak kep of these
latitudes north and south, and forget it nat.
By this cercle equinoxiall ben considred the
24 houres of the clokke; for evermo the arisyng 
of 15 degrees of the equinoxiall makith an
houre equal of the clokke. This equinoxiall is
clepid the gurdel of the first moeving, or ellis
of the first moevable. And note that the firste
moevyng is clepid moevyng of the firste moevable
of the 8 speer, which moeving is from
est to west, and eft ageyn into est. Also
it is clepid girdel of the firste moeving for it
departith the firste moevable, that is to seyn
the spere, in two like partyes evene distantz
fro the poles of this world.
   The widest of these 3 principale cercles is
clepid the cercle of Capricorne, by cause that
the heved of Capricorne turneth evermo consentrik 
upon the same cercle. In the heved of
this forseide Capricorne is the grettist declinacioun
southward of the sonne, and therfore
it is clepid the solsticium of wynter.
This signe of Capricorne is also clepid the
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tropic of wynter, for than begynneth the sonne
to come ageyn to us-ward.
   18. Upon this forseide plate ben compassed
certeyn cercles that highten almycanteras, of
whiche somme of hem semen parfit cercles and
somme semen inparfit. The centre that stondith 
amyddes the narwest cercle is clepid the
cenyth. And the netherist cercle, or the firste
cercle, is clepid the orizonte, that is to seyn,
the cercle that divideth the two emysperies,
that is, the partie of the hevene above the
erthe and the partie bynethe. These almykanteras
ben compowned by 2 and 2, all
be it so that on diverse Astrelabies somme
almykanteras ben divided by oon, and somme
by two, and somme by thre, after the quantite
of the Astrelabie. This forseide cenyth is
ymagined to ben the verrey point over the
crowne of thin heved. And also this cenyth
is the verray pool of the orizonte in every 
regioun.
   19. From this cenyth, as it semeth, there
comen a maner croked strikes like to the clawes
of a loppe, or elles like the werk of a wommans
calle, in kervyng overthwart the almykanteras.
And these same strikes or divisiouns
ben clepid azimutz, and thei dividen the orisounte
of thin Astrelabie in 24 divisiouns. And
these azymutz serven to knowe the costes of
the firmament, and to othre conclusions, as
for to knowe the cenyth of the sonne and
of every sterre.
   20. Next these azymutz, under the cercle
of Cancer, ben there 12 divisiouns embelif,
muche like to the shap of the azemutz, that
shewen the spaces of the houres of planetes.
   21. The riet of thin Astrelabie with thy zodiak,
shapen in manere of a net or of a lopweb
after the olde descripcioun, which thou maist
turnen up and doun as thiself liketh, contenith
certein nombre of sterres fixes, with her longitudes
and latitudes determinat, yf so be that the
<P 667.C2>
maker have not errid. The names of the sterres
ben writen in the margyn of the riet there as thei
sitte, of whiche sterres the smale point is
clepid the centre. And understond also that
alle the sterres sitting within the zodiak of
thin Astrelabie ben clepid sterres of the north, 
for thei arise by northe the est lyne. And all the 
remenaunt fixed oute of the zodiak ben clepid 
sterres of the south. But I seie not that thei arisen 
alle by southe the est lyne; witnesse on Aldeberan
and Algomeysa. Generaly understond this 
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rewle, that thilke sterres that ben clepid sterres 
of the north arisen rather than the degre of 
her longitude, and alle the sterres of the 
south arisen after the degre of her longitude - 
this is to seyn, sterres fixed in thyn 
Astrelabie. The mesure of this longitude of 
sterres is taken in the lyne ecliptik of hevene, 
<P 668.C2>
under which lyne, whan that the sonne and the 
mone be lyne-right, or ellis in the superficie of 
this lyne, than is the eclipse of the sonne or of 
the mone, as I shal declare, and eke the cause
why. But sothly the ecliptik lyne of thy
zodiak is the utterist bordure of thy zodiak 
there the degrees be marked.
   Thy zodiak of thin Astrelabie is shapen as
a compas which that contenith a large brede
as after the quantite of thyn Astrelabie, in ensample
that the zodiak in hevene is ymagyned
to ben a superfice contenyng a latitude of 12
degrees, whereas alle the remenaunt of cercles
in the hevene ben ymagyned verrey lynes withoute 
eny latitude. Amiddes this celestial
zodiak is ymagined a lyne which that is
clepid the ecliptik lyne, under which lyne
is evermo the wey of the sonne. Thus ben
there 6 degres of the zodiak on that oo syde
of the lyne and 6 degrees on that othir. This
zodiak is dividid in 12 principale divisiouns that
departen the 12 signes, and, for the streitnesse
of thin Astrolabie, than is every smal divisioun
in a signe departed by two degrees and two, I
mene degrees contenyng 60 mynutes. And
this forseide hevenysshe zodiak is clepid
the cercle of the signes, or the cercle of the
bestes, for "zodia" in langage of Grek sowneth
"bestes" in Latyn tunge. And in the zodiak
ben the 12 signes that han names of bestes,
or ellis for whan the sonne entrith into eny
of tho signes he takith the propirte of suche
bestes, or ellis for that the sterres that ben
ther fixed ben disposid in signes of bestes or
shape like bestes, or elles whan the planetes 
ben under thilke signes thei causen us by
her influence operaciouns and effectes like
to the operaciouns of bestes.
   And understond also that whan an hot planete
cometh into an hot signe, than encrescith
his hete; and yf a planete be cold, than amenusith
his coldnesse by cause of the hoote sygne.
And by thys conclusioun maist thou take ensample
in alle the signes, be thei moist or drie,
or moeble or fixe, reknyng the qualite of the
planete as I first seide. And everich of
these 12 signes hath respect to a certeyn
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parcel of the body of a man, and hath it in
governaunce; as Aries hath thin heved, and
Taurus thy nekke and thy throte, Gemini thin
armholes and thin armes, and so furth, as shall
be shewid more pleyn in the 5 partie of this
tretis.
   This zodiak, which that is part of the 8 speer,
over-kervith the equinoxial, and he overkervith
him ageyn in evene parties; and 
that oo half declineth southward; and that
othir northward, as pleinly declarith the Tretys
of the Speer.
<P 669.C2>
   Than hast thou a label that is shapen like
a reule, save that it is streit and hath no plates
on either ende with holes. But with the smale
point of the forseide label shalt thou calcule
thin equaciouns in the bordure of thin Astralabie,
as by thin almury.
   Thin almury is clepid the denticle of
Capricorne, or ellis the calculer. This same
almury sitt fix in the heved of Capricorne, and
it serveth of many a necessarie conclusioun in
equacions of thinges as shal be shewid.

(^Here endith the descripcioun of the Astrelabie and here       #
begynne 
the conclusions of the Astrelabie.^)

<P 669.C1>
[} [\PART II\] }]
[}1. TO FYNDE THE DEGRE IN WHICH THE SONNE IS
DAY BY DAY, AFTER HIS COURS ABOUTE.}]

   Rekne and knowe which is the day of thy 
month, and ley thy rewle upon that same day,
and than wol the verrey poynt of thy rewle
sitten in the bordure upon the degre of thy
sonne.
   Ensample as thus: The yeer of oure Lord
1391, the 12 day of March at midday, I wolde
knowe the degre of the sonne. I soughte in
the bakhalf of myn Astrelabie and fond the
cercle of the daies, the whiche I knowe by
the names of the monthes writen under the
same cercle. Tho leyde I my reule over this
foreseide day, and fond the point of my reule
in the bordure upon the firste degre of Aries,
a litel within the degre. And thus knowe I this
conclusioun.
   Anothir day I wolde knowen the degre of
my sonne, and this was at midday in the 13
day of Decembre. I fond the day of the
month in manere as I seide; tho leide I my
rewle upon this forseide 13 day, and fond
the point of my rewle in the bordure upon
the firste degre of Capricorne a lite within the
degre. And than had I of this conclusion the
ful experience.

<P 669.C2>
[}2. TO KNOWE THE ALTITUDE OF THE SONNE OR OF
OTHRE CELESTIAL BODIES.}]

  Put the ryng of thyn Astrelabie upon thy
right thombe, and turne thi lift syde ageyn
the light of the sonne; and remewe thy rewle
up and doun til that the stremes of the sonne
shine thorugh bothe holes of thi rewle. Loke
than how many degrees thy rule is areised fro
the litel cros upon thin est lyne, and tak there
the altitude of thi sonne. And in this same
wise maist thow knowe by night the altitude
of the mone or of brighte sterres.
  This chapitre is so generall evere in oon
that there nedith no more declaracioun; but
forget it not.

[}3. TO KNOWE EVERY TYME OF THE DAY BY LIGHT 
OF THE SONNE; AND EVERY TYME OF THE NYGHT BY
THE STERRES FIXE; AND EKE TO KNOWE BY NYGHT OR
BY DAY THE DEGRE OF ENY SIGNE THAT ASCENDITH ON 
THE EST ORISONTE, WHICH THAT IS CLEPID COMOUNLY 
THE ASCENDENT, OR ELLIS HOROSCOPUM.}]

   Tak the altitude of the sonne whan the list,
as I have seid, and set the degre of the sonne,
in caas that it be beforn the myddel of the day,
<P 670.C1>
among thyn almykanteras on the est syde of
thin Astrelabie; and if it be after the myddel
of the day, set the degre of thy sonne upon the
west syde. Take this manere of settyng for a
general rule, ones for evere. And whan thou
hast set the degre of thy sonne upon as
many almykanteras of height as was the altitude
of the sonne taken by thy rule, ley
over thi label upon the degre of the sonne; and
than wol the point of thi labell sitte in the
bordure upon the verrey tyde of the day.
   Ensample as thus: The yeer of oure lord
1391, the 12 day of March, I wolde knowe the 
tyde of the day. I tok the altitude of my sonne,
and fond that it was 25 degrees and 30 minutes 
of height in the bordure on the bak
side. Tho turned I myn Astrelabye, and by
cause that it was beforn mydday, I turned
my riet and sette the degre of the sonne, that
is to seyn the first degre of Aries, on the right
side of myn Astrelabye upon 25 degrees and
30 mynutes of height among myn almykanteras.
Tho leide I my label upon the degre of my
sonne, and fond the point of my label in the
bordure upon a capital lettre that is clepid
an X. Tho rekned I alle the capitale lettres
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fro the lyne of mydnight unto this forseide
lettre X, and fond that it was 9 of the
clokke of the day. Tho loked I doun upon myn
est orizonte, and fond there the 20 degre of
Geminis ascendyng, which that I tok for myn
ascendent. And in this wise had I the experience
for evermo in which manere I shulde
knowe the tyde of the day and eke myn 
ascendent.
   Tho wolde I wite the same nyght folewyng
the houre of the nyght, and wroughte
in this wise: Among an heep of sterres
fixe it liked me for to take the altitude of the
faire white sterre that is clepid Alhabor, and
fond hir sittyng on the west side of the lyne
of midday, 12 degrees of heighte taken by my
rewle on the bak side. Tho sette I the centre
of this Alhabor upon 12 degrees among myn
almykanteras upon the west side, by cause that
she was founde on the west side. Tho
leyde I my label over the degre of the
sonne, that was discendid under the west
orisounte, and rekned all the lettres capitals 
fro the lyne of midday unto the point of my
label in the bordure, and fond that it was
passed 9 of the clokke the space of 10 degrees.
Tho lokid I doun upon myn est orisounte, and
fond there 10 degrees of Scorpius ascendyng,
whom I tok for myn ascendent. And thus
lerned I to knowe onys for ever in which
manere I shuld come to the houre of the
nyght, and to myn ascendent, as verrely as
may be taken by so smal an instrument.
   But natheles this rule in generall wol I warne
the for evere: Ne make the nevere bold to
have take a just ascendent by thin Astrelabie,
or elles to have set justly a clokke, whan eny
celestial body by which that thou wenyst governe
thilke thinges be nigh the south lyne.
For trust wel, whan the sonne is nygh the
meridional lyne, the degre of the sonne
renneth so longe consentrik upon the almykanteras
that sothly thou shalt erre fro the 
just ascendent. The same conclusion sey I by
the centre of eny sterre fix by nyght. And
more over, by experience I wot wel that in
our orisounte, from xi of the clokke unto oon
of the clokke, in taking of a just ascendent in
a portatif Astrelabie it is to hard to knowe - 
I mene from xi of the clokke before the
houre of noon til oon of the clokke next
folewyng.

[}4. A SPECIAL DECLARACIOUN OF THE ASCENDENT.}]

  The ascendent sothly, as wel in alle nativites
as in questions and eleccions of tymes, is a
thing which that these astrologiens gretly observen.
Wherfore me semeth convenyent, syth
that I speke of the ascendent, to make of it
speciall declaracioun.
   The ascendent sothly, to take it at the largest,
is thilke degre that ascendith at eny of
these forseide tymes upon the est orisounte.
And therfore, yf that eny planete ascende
at thatt same tyme in thilke forseide degre,
than hath he no latitude fro the ecliptik lyne,
but he is than in the degre of the ecliptik
which that is the degre of his longitude. Men
sayn that thilke planete is in horoscopo.
   But sothly the hous of the ascendent, that
is to seyn, the first hous or the est angle, is a
<P 671.C1>
thing more brod and large. For, after the statutes
of astrologiens, what celestial body
that is 5 degrees above thilke degre that
ascendith, or withinne that nombre, that is
to seyn neer the degree that ascendith, yit
rekne they thilke planete in the ascendent.
And what planete that is under thilke degre
that ascendith the space of 25 degres, yit seyn
thei that thilke planete is "like to him that is
the hous of the ascendent." But sothly, if he
passe the boundes of these forseide spaces,
above or bynethe, thei seyn that the planete
is "fallyng fro the ascendent." Yit saien
these astrologiens that the ascendent and
eke the lord of the ascendent may be shapen
for to be fortunat or infortunat, as thus: A
"fortunat ascendent" clepen they whan that no
wicked planete, as Saturne or Mars or elles
the Tayl of the Dragoun, is in the hous of the
ascendent, ne that no wicked planete have
noon aspect of enemyte upon the ascendent.
But thei wol caste that thei have a fortunat
planete in hir ascendent, and yit in his felicite;
and than sey thei that it is wel.
Further over thei seyn that the infortunyng of
an ascendent is the contrarie of these forseide
thinges. The lord of the ascendent, sey thei
that he is fortunat whan he is in god place
fro the ascendent, as in an angle, or in a succident
where as he is in hys dignite and comfortid
with frendly aspectes of planetes and
wel resceyved; and eke that he may seen
the ascendent; and that he be not retrograd,
ne combust, ne joyned with no 
shrewe in the same signe; ne that he be not
in his discencioun, ne joyned with no planete
in his descencioun, ne have upon him noon
aspect infortunat; and than sey thei that he is
well.
   Natheles these ben observaunces of judicial
matere and rytes of payens, in whiche my
<P 671.C2>
spirit hath no feith, ne knowing of her
horoscopum. For they seyn that every 
signe is departid in thre evene parties by
10 degrees, and thilke porcioun they clepe a
face. And although that a planete have a latitude
fro the ecliptik, yit sey somme folk, so
that the planete arise in that same signe with
eny degre of the forseide face in which his
longitude is rekned, that yit is the planete
in horoscopo, be it in nativyte or in eleccion,
etc.

[}5. TO KNOWE THE VERREY EQUACIOUN OF THE
DEGRE OF THE SONNE YF SO BE THAT IT FALLE BITWENE
THYN ALMYKANTERAS.}]

   For as muche as the almykanteras in thin 
Astrelabie ben compowned by two and two,
where as somme almykanteras in sondry astrelabies
labies be compowned by 1 and 1, or elles by 2
and 2, it is necessarie to thy lernyng to teche
the first to knowe and worke with thin oune
instrument. Wherfore whan that the degre of
thi sonne fallith bytwixe 2 almykanteras, or
ellis yf thin almykanteras ben graven with 
over-gret a poynt of a compas (for bothe
these thinges may causen errour as wel in
knowing of the tide of the day, as of the verrey
ascendent), thou must worken in this
wise: 
   Set the degre of thy sonne upon the hyer
almykanteras of bothe, and wayte wel where
as thin almury touchith the bordure and set
there a prikke of ynke. Sett doun agayn the
degre of the sunne upon the nether almykanteras
of bothe, and sett there another 
pricke. Remeve than thin almury in
the bordure evene amiddes bothe prickes, and
this wol lede justly the degre of thi sonne to
sitte bitwene bothe almykanteras in his right
place. Ley than thy label over the degre of
thi sonne, and fynd in the bordure the verrey
tyde of the day, or of the night. And as verraily
shalt thou fynde upon thin est orisonte
thin ascendent.

[}6. TO KNOWE THE SPRYNG OF THE DAWENYNG
AND THE ENDE OF THE EVENYNG, THE WHICHE BEN
CALLED THE TWO CREPUSCULES.}]

   Set the nadir of thy sonne upon 18 degrees
of height among thyn almynkanteras on the west
<P 672.C1>
syde; and ley thy label on the degre of thy
sonne, and than shal the point of thy label 
shewen the spryng of the day. Also set the
nader of thy sonne upon 18 degrees of height
among thin almykanteras on the est side, and
ley over thy label upon the degre of the sonne,
and with the point of thy label fynd in the 
bordure the ende of the evenyng, that is
verrey nyght.
   The nader of the sonne is thilke degre that
is opposyt to the degre of the sonne, in the
7 signe, as thus: every degre of Aries by
ordir is nadir to every degre of Libra by ordre,
and Taurus to Scorpioun, Gemini to Sagittarie,
Cancer to Capricorne, Leo to Aquarie, Virgo
to Piscis. And if eny degre in thy zodiak be
derk, his nadir shal declare hym.

[}7. TO KNOWE THE ARCH OF THE DAY, THAT SOME
FOLK CALLEN THE DAY ARTIFICIALL, FRO SONNE ARISYNG
TYL IT GO TO RESTE.}]

   Set the degre of thi sonne upon thin est
orisonte, and ley thy label on the degre of
the sonne, and at the point of thy label in the
bordure set a pricke. Turne than thy riet
aboute tyl the degre of thy sonne sitte upon
the west orisonte, and ley thy label upon the
same degre of the sonne, and at the poynt of
thy label set there another pricke. Rekne than 
the quantite of tyme in the bordure bitwixe
bothe prickes, and tak there thyn arch of
the day. The remenaunt of the bordure
under the orisonte is the arch of the nyght.
Thus maist thou rekne bothe arches, or every
porcioun, of whether that the liketh. And by
this manere of worching maist thou se how
longe that eny sterre fix dwelleth above the
erthe, fro tyme that he riseth til he go to reste.
But the day naturall, that is to seyn 24 hours,
is the revolucioun of the equinoxial with as
muche partie of the zodiak as the sonne of
his propre moeving passith in the mene
while.

[}8. TO TURNE THE HOURES INEQUALES IN HOURES
EQUALES.}]

   Know the nombre of the degrees in the
houres inequales, and depart hem by 15, and
tak there thin houres equales.

<P 672.C2>
[}9. TO KNOWE THE QUANTITE OF THE DAY VULGAR,
THAT IS TO SEYN FRO SPRYNG OF THE DAY UNTO 
VERREY NYGHT.}]

   Know the quantite of thy crepuscles, as I
have taught in the 3 chapitre bifore, and adde
hem to the arch of thy day artificial, and tak
there the space of all the hool day vulgar unto
verrey night. The same manere maist thou 
worche to knowe the quantite of the vulgar
nyght.

[}10. TO KNOWE THE QUANTITE OF HOURES INEQUALES
BY DAY.}]

   Understond wel that these houres inequales
ben clepid houres of planetes. And understond 
wel that som tyme ben thei lenger by 
day than by night, and som tyme the contrarie.
But understond wel that evermo generaly 
the houre inequal of the day with the
houre inequal of the night contenen 30 degrees
of the bordure, which bordure is evermo answeryng
to the degrees of the equinoxial.
Wherfore departe the arch of the day artificial
in 12, and tak there the quantite of
the houre inequale by day. And if thou abate
the quantite of the houre inequale by day out
of 30, than shal the remenaunt that levith parforme
the houre inequale by night.

[}11. TO KNOWE THE QUANTITE OF HOURES EQUALES.}]

   The quantite of houres equales, that is to
seyn the houres of the clokke, ben departid by
15 degrees alredy in the bordure of thin Astrelaby,
as wel by night as by day, generaly for
evere. What nedith more declaracioun?
   Wherfore whan the list to knowe how many
houres of the clokke ben passed, or eny part
of eny of these houres that ben passed, or ellis
how many houres or parties of houres ben
to come fro such a tyme to such a tyme by
day or by night, know the degre of thy
sonne, and ley thy label on it. Turne thy ryet
aboute joyntly with thy label, and with the
poynt of it rekne in the bordure fro the sonne
arise unto that same place there thou desirist,
by day as by nyght. This conclusioun wol I declare
in the last chapitre of the 4 partie of this
<P 673.C1>
tretys so openly that ther shal lakke no word
that nedith to the declaracioun.

[}12. SPECIAL DECLARACIOUN OF THE HOURES OF
PLANETES.}]

   Understond wel that evermo, fro the arisyng
of the sonne til it go to reste, the nadir of
the sonne shal shewe the houre of the planete;
and fro that tyme forward al the night til the
sonne arise, than shal the verrey degre of the
sonne shewe the houre of the planete.
   Ensample as thus: The xiij day of March
fyl upon a Saturday, peraventure, and atte risyng
of the sonne I fond the secunde degre
of Aries sittyng upon myn est orisonte, all
be it that it was but litel. Than fond I the 
2 degre of Libra, nadir of my sonne, discending
on my west orisonte, upon which west orisonte
every day generaly, atte sonne arist, entrith the
houre of eny planete, after which planete the
day berith his name, and endith in the next
strike of the plate under the forseide west 
orisonte. And evere as the sonne clymbith upper
and upper, so goth his nadir downer
and downer, teching by suche strikes the
houres of planetes by ordir as they sitten
in the hevene. The firste houre inequal of
every Saturday is to Saturne, and the seconde
to Jupiter, the thirde to Mars, the fourthe 
to the sonne, the fifte to Venus, the sixte to 
Mercurius, the seventhe to the mone. And 
then ageyn the 8 is to Saturne, the 9 to
Jupiter, the 10 to Mars, the 11 to the sonne,
the 12 to Venus. And now is my sonne gon
to reste as for that Saturday. Than shewith 
the verrey degre of the sonne the houre
of Mercurie entring under my west orisonte at
eve; and next him succedith the mone, and
so furth by ordir, planete after planete in houre
after houre, all the nyght longe til the sonne
arise. Now risith the sonne that Sonday by
the morwe, and the nadir of the sonne upon
the west orisonte shewith me the entring of the
houre of the forseide sonne. And in this
manere succedith planete under planete fro
Saturne unto the mone, and fro the mone up
ageyn to Saturne, houre after houre generaly.
And thus knowe I this conclusyoun.

[}13. TO KNOWE THE ALTITUDE OF THE SONNE IN
MYDDES OF THE DAY THAT IS CLEPID THE ALTITUDE
MERIDIAN.}]

<P 673.C2>
   Set the degre of the sonne upon the lyne
meridional, and rekne how many degrees of
almykanteras ben bitwyxe thin est orisonte and
the degre of thy sonne; and tak there thin altitude
meridian, this to seyn, the highest of the
sonne as for that day. So maist thou knowe in
the same lyne the heighest cours that eny sterre
fix clymbeth by night. This is to seyn that whan
eny sterre fix is passid the lyne meridional,
than begynneth it to descende; and so doth
the sonne.

[}14. TO KNOWE THE DEGRE OF THE SONNE BY THY
RYET, FOR A MANER CURIOSITE.}]

   Sek besily with thy rule the highest of the
sonne in mydde of the day. Turne than thin
Astrelabie, and with a pricke of ynke marke
the nombre of that same altitude in the lyne
meridional; turne than thy ryet aboute tyl thou
fynde a degre of thy zodiak according with the
pricke, this is to seyn, sitting on the pricke.
And in soth thou shalt finde but 2 degrees in
all the zodiak of that condicioun; and yit 
thilke 2 degrees ben in diverse signes.
Than maist thou lightly, by the sesoun of
the yere, knowe the signe in which that is the
sonne.

[}15. TO KNOWE WHICH DAY IS LIK TO WHICH 
DAY AS OF LENGTHE.}]

   Loke whiche degrees ben ylike fer fro the
hevedes of Cancer and Capricorne, and loke
when the sonne is in eny of thilke degrees; 
than ben the dayes ylike of lengthe. This is
to seyn that as longe is that day in that month,
as was such a day in such a month; there varieth
but litel. 



<B CMEQUATO>
<Q M3 IS HANDA EPLANETS>
<N EPLANETS>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB ASTRONOMY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE EQUATORIE OF THE PLANETIS.
ED. D. J. PRICE.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1955.
PP. 18.1 - 44.39^]

[^ROUND BRACKETS IN TEXT INDICATE MARGINAL ADDITIONS, AND
SUPRALINEAR INSERTIONS AND GLOSSES.^]

<P 18>
In the name of god pitos & merciable seide [{leyk{] the         #
largere +t=t= thow makest
this instrument / the largere ben thi chef deuisiouns / the     #
largere +t=t= ben tho
deuisiouns / in hem may ben mo smale fracciouns / & euere the   #
mo of smale
fracciouns the ner the trowthe of thy conclusions / tak ther    #
fore a plate of
metal or elles a bord +t=t= be smothe shaue / by leuel / &      #
euene polised / of which
whan it is rownd (by compas) / the hole diametre shal contene   #
 .72. large
enches or elles .6. fote of mesure / the whiche rownde bord     #
for it shal nat
werpe ne krooke / the egge of (the) circumference shal be       #
bownde w=t= a plate
of yren in maner of a karte whel. / in this bord yif the        #
likith may be vernissed 
or elles glewed w=t= perchemyn for honestyte / tak thanne a     #
cercle of metal
+t=t= be .2. enche of brede / & +t=t= the hole dyametre (w=t=   #
in this cercle shal)
contene [{the forseide{] .68. enches / or .5 fote (& .8.        #
enches) / & subtili lat
this cercle be nayled vp on the circumference of this bord or   #
ellis mak this
cercle of glewed perchemyn. / this cercle wole I clepe the      #
lymbe of myn
equatorie +t=t= was compowned the yer of crist .1392. complet   #
the laste meridie
of decembre / this lymbe shaltow deuyde in 4 quarters by .2.    #
diametral
lynes in maner of the lymbe of a comune astrelabye & lok thy    #
croys be trewe
proued by geometrical conclusioun / tak thanne a large compas   #
+t=t= be trewe
& set the ffyx point ouer the middel of the bord (on) which     #
middel shal be
nayled a plate of metal rownd / the hole diametre of this       #
plate shal contiene
 .16. enches large for in this plate shollen ben perced alle    #
the centris of this
equatorie / & ek in proces of tyme may this plate be turned a   #
bowte after +t=t=
auges of planetes ben moeued in the .9. spere thus may thin     #
instrument laste
perpetuel. / tak thanne as I haue seid by forn the fix fot of   #
thy compas & set
it in the middel of this plate & w=t= the moeuable point of     #
thi compas descriue
a cercle in the ferthest circumference of thy lymbe / & nota    #
+t=t= the middel
poynt of this plate wher as the fix fot of thy compas stondith  #
/ wole I calle
centre .aryn. / mak thanne a narwer cercle +t=t= be descriued   #
vp on the same
centre aryn but litel quantite fro the forthest forseid cercle  #
in the lymbe in
whiche space shollen ben deuyde mynutes of the lymbe / mak      #
thanne a narwere
cercle som what ferther distaunt fro the laste seid cercle /    #
in whiche shal be
deuyded the degres of the same lymbe mak yit a narwere cercle   #
som what
ferthere distaunt fro this laste cercle in which shal ben       #
writen the 
nombres of
<P 20>
degres / mak yit a narwere cercle som what ferther distaunt fro #
this laste
seid cercle in which shollen ben writen the names of 12         #
signes / & nota +t=t=
this laste seid cercle wole I calle the closere of the signes   #
/ now hastow .5.
cercles in thy lymbe / & alle ben descriued vp on centre aryn   #
/ and euerich
of the .4. quarters in thi lymbe shal ben deuided in 90 degres  #
+t=t= is to sein
 .3. signes & eueri degre shal be deuided in 60 mi=a= / &       #
shortly thi lymbe is
deuided in maner of the lymbe in the bakside of an astrelabie   #
/ deuyde
thanne thilke lyne +t=t= goth fro centre aryn vn to the cercle  #
closere of the
sygnes  (\(versus finem geminorum)\) in 32 parties equales.     #
whiche parties ben
(cleped) degres of the semydiametre / marke thise parties       #
dymli  (\(ut
postea deleantur\) / and nota +t=t= this diametral lyne         #
deuided in 32 parties
shal be cleped lyne alhudda / set thanne the fix point of thy   #
compas vp on
the ende of the firste deuysioun fro centre aryn in lyne        #
alhudda / & the
moeuable point vp on the ende of the 30 deuisioun fro the fix   #
poynt of thi
compas in the same lyne / so dwelleth ther but .1. deuisioun    #
by twixe thy
moeuable point & the closere of the signes / & .1. deuysioun    #
bi twixe thy
fix poynt & the centre aryn / & descryue thus a cercle / & tak  #
ther the
eccentrik cercle of the sonne / scrape thanne awey the          #
deuysiouns of lyne
alhudda / deuyde yit (dymly oculte) the same lyne alhudda fro   #
centre
aryn / vn to the closere of the signes in 60 parties equales /  #
set thanne the
fix poynt of thy compas in centre aryn / & the moeuable point   #
in .12. degres
& 28 mi=a= of lyne alhudda & descriue a cercle / & +t=t= is     #
the centre defferent
of the mone / perce thanne (al) the circumference of this       #
defferent in 360
subtil holes equales of space & thise spaces by twixe the       #
holes / ben deuyded
owt of the degres of the lymbe / & nota +t=t= the yer of crist  #
1392 (complet
[{- vltimo .10.bre in meridie london{] ) the aux of saturnus    #
was the (last)
meridie of decembre at londone I seye the aux of saturne in     #
the .9. spere
was .4. dowble signes 12 g=a= 7 mi=a= .3. 2=a= & cetera / the   #
remenaunt of auges sek
hem in the table of auges folwynge / tak thanne a Rewle & ley   #
+t=t= on ende
in centre aryn / & +t=t= other ende in the lymbe / in the ende  #
of the minut wher
as endith the aux of the planete / & draw ther a lyne w=t= a    #
sharp instrument
fro centre aryn vn to the closere of the signes / & no          #
ferthere for empeiryng
of the lymbe & fasteby this lyne writ the name of the planete   #
( (\cuius est\) aux)
this rewle is general for alle planetis / sek thanne in thi     #
table of centris / the
distaunce of the centre equant of saturne fro centre aryn       #
whiche is .6. g=a=
50 mi=a= / set thanne the fix point of thy compas in centre     #
arin / & the moeuable
poynt in 6 g=a= & 50 mi=a= in lyne alhudda fro centre aryn /    #
turne than softely
thy compas abowte. til +t=t= the moeuable poynt [{til it{]      #
towche the lyne of the
aux of saturne &
<P 22>
stondinge alwey (stille) the fix poynt of thy compas in centre  #
aryn / marke
w=t= thy moeuable poynt in the lyne of the aux of saturnus a    #
dep prikke / for
in +t=t= prikke shal be perced a smal hole for the centre       #
equant of saturnus / &
faste by this hole mak an E in signefyeng of equant / thanne    #
tak awey thy
compas / & loke in thi table of centris / the distaunce of the  #
centre defferent
of saturnus / & +t=t= is .3. g=a= & 25 mi=a= / set (a centre    #
aryn) thanne the fix point
of thy compas in centre aryn & thy moeuable point in .3. g=a=   #
& 25 mi=a= in
lyne alhudda / & torne softely thi compas til +t=t= the         #
moeuable point towche
the (forseide) lyne of the aux of saturne / & stonding stille   #
thy fix poynt
of thi compas in centre aryn / marke w=t= the moeuable poynt    #
in the lyne of
the aux of saturne a dep prikke for ther in shal be perced a    #
smal hole for
the centre defferent of saturnus / & fasteby this hole mak an   #
 .D. for defferent / &
nota +t=t= by this ensample of saturnus shaltow make the        #
centres defferentes / & ek
the equantes of alle the planetis / after hir distaunces (\(in  #
tabulis)\)  fro centre
aryn & prikke hem in the lynes of hir auges / thanne shaltow    #
sette the fix
point of thy compas in the lyne of the aux of mercurie euene    #
by twixe the
centre .E. & centre .D. of mercurius / & strid the moeuable     #
poynt til it wole
towche bothe centre E & ek centre .D. of mercurius / &          #
descryue ther a litel
cercle & thanne shaltow se +t=t= the lyne of the aux of         #
mercurie departith this
litel cercle in .2. arkes equals / this is to seye / +t=t= the  #
lyne kerueth this litel
cercle euene amidde / this litel cercle shal be perced ful of   #
smale holes (\(in
circumferencia circuli)\) by euene proporcioun as is the        #
centre defferent of the
mone in 360 holes yif it be possible or in .180. or in 90 atte  #
leste / but sothly
the spaces by twixe the holes (ne) shal nat be deuided owt of   #
the grete lymbe
of the instrument / as is the centre defferent of the mone /    #
but owt of the
circumference of the same litel cercle it shal be deuided by    #
thy compas / scrape
thanne awey thilke 60 deuysiouns in lyne alhudda / & yit deuyde #
the same
lyne alhudda in .5. parties equales (by compas) fro centre      #
aryn vn to the
cercle +t=t= is closere of the signes / & euerych of thilke     #
 .5. parties shal be deuided
in 60 parties / thise diuisiouns ne shal nat ben scraped awey   #
/ deuyde thanne
the line +t=t= goth fro centre aryn to the hed of capricone     #
whiche lyne is cleped
in the tretis of the astrelabie the midnyht line / I seye       #
deuyde this midnyht
lyne in .9. parties equals fro centre aryn (vn) to the closere  #
of the signes / &
euerich of thise deuysiouns shal be deuided by thy compas in    #
60 parties equales /
thise deuysiouns ne shal nat be scraped awey / (\laus deo       #
vero\) now hastow the
visage of this precios equatorie / nota +t=t= thise last seid   #
 .9. diuisiouns in the
midnyht lyne shollen seruen for Equacioun of the 8=e= spere
<P 24>
[{n{]ow for the composicioun of the Epicicle for the visage of  #
thyn equatorie / thow
shalt make a cercle of metal of the same brede & of the same    #
widnesse in
circumference in diametre / & in alle thinges lik to the lymbe  #
of thin
instrument & in the same manere shal it be deuyded in mynutis.  #
in degres
in nombres in names of signes / & in 5 cercles compased / as    #
is the firste seid
lymbe / saue +t=t= .a. / .b. the eccentrik of the sonne / ne    #
shal nat be
in the epicicle & also +t=t= it be nat filed to ney to the      #
closere of his signes list
thow perce the hole (foramen) of thi commune centre defferent   #
amys / or elles
list the hole breke [{+t=t={] / this epicicle mot haue          #
suffisaunt thikkenesse to
sustene hym self / Tak thanne this epicicle & ley it (sadly &)  #
euene vp on
the visage of thin equatorie so +t=t= (capud) aries of thin     #
epicle lie euene vp on
the hed of aries in the lymbe of thin equatorie / & libra vp    #
on libra & cancer
vp on cancer & capricorne vp on capricorne & (euery) signe vp   #
on signe
this is to seyn the hed of euery signe vp on hed of euery       #
signe / tak thanne
a Renspyndle or a boydekyn / & in direct of the hed of cancer.  #
(thow shalt)
in the cercle +t=t= is closere of the signes (perce) make a     #
litel hole thorw the
epicicle / & thanne shaltow se (+t=t=) yif thow haue trewely    #
compased thy cercles /
+t=t= the poynt of thy renspindle shal haue towched the         #
closere of the signes
in direct of the hed of cancer in thyn equatorie / this litel   #
hole +t=t= is no grettere
than a smal nedle shal be cleped the comune centre defferent    #
of planetes / tak
than a barre of metal of the brede of a large enche & of        #
suffisaunt thyknesse /
(of) the whiche barre +t=t= on ende shal be sowded to the       #
closere of (the)
signes in direct of aries in this epicicle & +t=t= other ende   #
shal be sowded to the
closere of the signes in direct of libra in the same epicicle   #
/ draw thanne by
thi rewle a lyne fro the hed of aries to the hed of libra       #
endelong the barre / &
draw swich another lyne (ouerthwart) [{in{] the barre fro the   #
hed of cancer
to the hed of capricorne / & in the seccioun of this crois is   #
the centre of the
epicicle / tak thanne a rewle of latoun that (ne) be nat ful    #
thykke / & lat it
be the brede of an enche & the lengthe shal be as long as al    #
hol the diametre
of the Epicicle this rewle mot be shape in maner of a label on  #
an astrelabie /
the centre of this rewle shal be nayled to the centre of the    #
forseide barre in
swich a manere +t=t= this label may torne abowte as doth the    #
label of an
astrelabie / in middes of this nayl +t=t= fastnyth the barre &  #
the label to gidere
ther mot be a smal prikke +t=t= be dep / which prikke (\(id     #
est punctus)\) is the
centre of thin epicicle / tak thanne by thy large compas the    #
distaunce by twixe
centre aryn & the closere of the signes / which distaunce is    #
the lengthe of lyne
alhudda / & be it on a long rewle or elles be it on a long      #
percemyn / marke
w=t= thy compas the forseide distaunce / & deuyde it in 60      #
parties equals & than
hastow a newe lyne alhudda / sek thanne in thy table of         #
centres / the
semydiametre of the epicicle of saturnus / & +t=t= is .6. g=a=  #
& 30 mi=a= of swiche
degres as ben 60 in line alhudda / tak thanne w=t= thy compas   #
the space of
 .6. g=a= & 30 mi=a=. of lyne alhudda / & set the fix point of  #
thy compas in the
centre of thin 
<P 26>
Epicicle +t=t= is the poynt (\(punctus)\) in the hed of the     #
nail / & 
endelong the label set the moeuable poynt of thi compas & w=t=  #
+t=t= moeuable poynt mak a marke
a strik in the label & faste by the strik writ .sa. for saturne #
/ this ensample of
saturne techith how to maken in the label alle the              #
semydiametres of Epicicles 
of alle the planetis / nota +t=t= the sonne (ne) hath non       #
epicicle / & nota +t=t=
alwey as the label turnyth / so shewith it the epicicle of      #
euery planete / 
(\laus deo vero\) now hastow complet thyn equatorie w=t= alle   #
hise membris / and nota +t=t=
eccentrik of the sonne shal nat be compassed in this epicicle   #
/ (\Explicit\) 
the face of the equatorie
[^SIGN OMITTED^] nota +t=t= euery centre mot ben also smal
as a nedle / & in euery equant mot
be a silk thred
[^SIGN OMITTED^] nota +t=t= the eccentrik of the sonne is
compaced on the bord of the instrument
& nat on the lymbe for sparing
of metal / [^SIGN OMITTED^] nota shortly +t=t= but so be
+t=t= bothe the closeres of the signes
ben precisly ilike of widnesse / &
but so be +t=t= centre aryn stonde precise
as fer fro his closere of the signes as
the centre of thin epicicle stondith fro
the comune centre defferent precise / thyn
epicicle is fals / but natheles
yif thow myshappe in this
cas i shal teche the aremedie
/ knokke thi centre defferent
innere or owtre til it stonde
precise vp on the closere of the
signes in the lymbe of thin
equatorie / so wole thanne the
centre of thin epicicle precise
stonde vp on centre aryn
the sixte
cercle is the
eccentric of the sonne
& the .5. cercle +t=t= is red
is the closere of the signes
& the seccioun of the crois
is centre aryn / & +t=t= other
centre is the centre of the
eccentrik of the sonne
/ & the lyne deuyded in .9.
is the midnyht lyne I
wot wel it is figured 
boistosly / & the cercle
abowte centre aryn is
the centre defferent of the
mone / the litel cercle
is the defferent of mercurie 
/ the smale lynes ben lynes
of auges
the prikkes in the lynes
ben the centris equantis &
defferentis / & alle thise
centres saue the equant
of mars ben by twixe
centre aryn & the centre
defferent of the mone
the owterest space is mynutis
& the nexte space is degres
& the thridde space is nombres
of degres & the ferthe space is
for names of signes but
natheless the narwere cercle
of the signes is cleped the
closere of the signes / & it is
compased with red
<P 28>
the epicicle  nota file nat to ney the rede +t=t= is closere of
the signes / list the commune centre defferent breke
lat stonde a litel lippe as shewith in direct of
the hed of cancer
nota I conseile the ne write no names of signes (\(id est in    #
epiciclo)\) 
til +t=t= thow hast proued (+t=t=) thi comune
centre defferent is treweli & justli set
in direct of the closere of the signes
of thin equatorie
/ this 
epicicle
is deuyded 
& compased in
alle thinges
lik to the lymbe of the equatorie
/ but it hath non
eccentrik of the
sonne / the prikke
+t=t= stant in the 
closere of the
signes in direct
of the ende of
geminis is the
commune centre
defferent - 
/ but natheless thus lith thin
instrument whan thow makest
equacioun of thy mone
<P 30>
(\pro argumentis trium superiorum minue eorum med~ mot~ de med~ #
mot~ solis / &
remanet argumentum [{satur .io. & martis & vener{] \) [{s{]ek   #
(\medius motus\) of
saturnus Juppiter mars & venus / & hir mene argumentis in thy   #
tables / & writ
hem in thy sklat / put thanne a blak thred in centre aryn       #
(terre) & a whit
thred in centre equant of any planete +t=t= the list haue of    #
equacion. and put
the comune centre defferent of thyn Epicicle / vp on the        #
centre different in
thy plate / of thilke planete +t=t= thow desirest to haue       #
equacioun I sey +t=t= w=t=
a nedle thow shalt stike the comune centre defferent of thin    #
Epicicle / vp
on the centre defferent +t=t= is perced on thy plate for swich  #
a planete a the list
to haue of equacoun / loke thanne (\(pro successione            #
signorum)\) fro the hed of
aries wher the mene motus of thy planete endith / in the grete  #
lymbe of thy
plate / & ley ther thy blake thred. / ley thanne thy white      #
thred equedistant
by the blake thred in the same lymbe. & proeue by a compas      #
+t=t= thy thredes
lyen equedistant vnder whiche white thred ley the pool of       #
thyn Epicicle / &
stondinge thyn Epicicle stille in this maner / I seye           #
stondinge the pool of
thin epicicle vndir thy white thred stille / & the commune      #
centre different
fix w=t= thy nedle to the foreseide centre defferent of the     #
planete desired / tak
than thy blake thred & ley it so +t=t= it kerue the centre of   #
the Epicicle / &
streche forth vp vn to vpperest part of the same epicicle / and #
than shal this
blake thred shewe bothe the verrey (\motus (locum)\) of the     #
epicicle in the grete
lymbe / & ek the verrey aux of the planete in the epicicle / &  #
thanne the ark
by twixe (\medios motus\) of the planete / & the verrey         #
motus of the epicicle / is
cleped the equacion of his centre in the lymbe (zodiacus) to    #
whom is lik
the equacion of his argument in his epicicle.  +t=t= is to      #
sein the ark by twixe
his mene aux & his verrey aux. / for sothly the mene aux is     #
shewed in the
Epicle by the white thred / vnder which thow puttest the pol    #
of the
epicicle & the verrey aux is shewed in the epicicle by the      #
blake thred / &
stondinge stille thin Epicicle in this same disposicioun / ley  #
the ende of thy
label +t=t= is grauen fro the white thred as many signes        #
degres & mi=a=. as
shewith the mene argument in thy [{grene{] tables for +t=t=     #
day of thy planete
desired / & rekne this mene argument fro the white thred after  #
successioun
of signes of euery planete saue only of the mone [{sa 1 31 19   #
22 44{]
<P 32>
/ & ligginge the marked ende of thy label vpon [{the{] the      #
ende of this mene
argument in the epicicle / ley thy blake thred vp on the marke  #
of thy planete
+t=t= is grauen in thi label. & wher as the same blake thred    #
keruyth the lymbe
of thy plate tak ther the verrey place (\(locum)\) of the       #
planete in the .9. spere
/ and the ark by twixe the verrey place (\(locum)\) of the      #
planete (in limbo)
& the verrey place of the epicicle considered in the lymbe is   #
cleped equacioun
of his argument this maner of equacioun is for saturnus         #
Juppiter mars &
venus / but in the remenaunt of planetes in some thinges it     #
varieth sol / the
mene motus of the sonne ben rekned fro the hed of aries after   #
successioun of
signes / the sonne hath non Epicicle ne non Equant & therfor    #
the pol of the
epicicle mot ben in stide of the body of the sonne in the .9.   #
spere / the white
thred +t=t= thow puttest in his centre defferent in the plate   #
(\(lamina)\) mot ben
in stide of the white thred +t=t= othre planetes han in hir     #
centres equantis / the
blake thred +t=t= euermo stant in centre aryn / mot be leid at  #
the ende of his
mene motus / tak thanne his white thred & lei it equedistant in #
the lymbe
by the blake thred / whiche blake thred shewith the mene        #
motus of the
sonne / fixe thanne w=t= thy nedle the commune centre           #
defferent of thyn
Epicicle to centre aryn. & remew nat thy (nedle) / & vnder      #
this white thred ley
softely the pol of the Epicicle & wher as the white thred       #
keruyth the grete lymbe
tak ther [{ther{] the verrey place of the sonne in the .9.      #
spere / the ark of the
lymbe by twixe his aux +t=t= is now in cancer. & the blake      #
thred is the argument
of the sonne / the ark by twixe the blake thred & the white in  #
the lymbe is
the equacion of the sonne / which ark nis but litel. / the      #
mene motus of the
sonne is the ark in the lymbe by twixe the hed of aries & the   #
blake thred in
the same lymbe / the verrey motus of the sonne is the ark of    #
the lymbe by
twixe the hed of aries & the blake thred whan it (\(id est      #
filum)\) is remewed fro
the mene motus & crossith the white thred in the in the pol of  #
the Epicicle / the
same verrey motus was shewed erst by the white thred of (the)   #
defferent
whan it lay equedistant by the blake thred in the limbe [^SIGN  #
OMITTED^] & nota +t=t= the
markes in thy label descriuen the Epicicles of planetes as the  #
label turneth 
<P 34>
[{mercurius{]  this canon is fals
[{R{]ekne after succession of signes fro the hed of aries in    #
the lymbe / the mene
motus of mercurius / & considere ek how mochel in the same      #
lymbe is by twixe
the hed of aries. & the lyne of his aux / +t=t= yit is (in)     #
the lattere ende of
libra / & rekne alwey after successioun of signes / w=t= draw   #
thanne the
quantite in the lymbe. by twix the hed of aries & the forseid   #
aux / owt of
his mene motus / & considere how moche is the remnaunt of his   #
mene motus
whan this aux is thus w=t= drawe owt of al the hoole mene mot   #
/ & so mochel
rekne after succession of signes in his litel cercle / fro the  #
lyne of his aux +t=t=
keruyth the same litel cercle / I seye rekne after successioun  #
of signes. from
lettere .D. +t=t= is grauen in his lytel cercle / & procede in  #
the same litel cercle
to ward lettere .E. opposit to .D. / I sey rekne thilke         #
remnaunt (of the mene
motus) +t=t= dwelde whan the quantite of his aux was w=t= draw  #
owt of his hole
mene motus as I haue seid by forn / & wher as - thilk remnaunt  #
forseid
endith in the litel cercle / tak ther the verrey centre         #
defferent of mercurie. as
it happith diuersely som tyme in on hole & som tyme in an       #
other / for lettere
 .D. ne serueth of nothyng ellis but for to shewe the wher thow #
shalt bygynne 
thy reknyng in thy litel cercle / ne lettere (E) ne seruyth nat #
but
for to shewe the which wey +t=t= thow shalt procede fro         #
lettere .D. / now hastow
founde thy defferent & thin equant in which equant put a whit   #
thred / & stike
w=t= a nedle the  comune centre defferent vp on his centre      #
defferent in the
plate (\(lamina)\) . / & w=t= thin Epicle wirk & w=t= thy       #
thredes as thow workest
w=t= saturnus Juppiter mars & venus / nota +t=t= yif the aux    #
of mercurie be fro the
hed of aries more than his mene motus fro the same hed. / than  #
shaltow adde
 .12 signes to his mene motus / than maistow w=t=draw his aux   #
owt of his mene
motus / & nota generaly +t=t= thy nedle ne be nat remewed whan  #
it is stikyd
thorw the commune centre defferent in to any centre different   #
on thy plate til
thin equacion of the planete be endid / for yif thy commune     #
centre different
stirte fro the centre ( [{deffer{] ) on thy plate al thin       #
equacion of thy planete
desired is lorn / [^SIGN OMITTED^] (\hic nota\) +t=t= the       #
centre defferent of mercurie hath but
24. holes as in myn instrment wher for .I. rekne but .2. holes  #
for a signe as
in the gretter cerkle of mercurie fro the lyne of his aux
<P 36>
-luna [{R{]ekne after succession of signes fro the hed of       #
aries in the lymbe
the mene motus of the mone/ & rekne in the same manere the mene #
motus
of the sonne (\(a capite arietis)\) as fer as it strechcheth    #
w=t= draw thanne the
mene motus of the sonne owt of the mene motus of the mone/      #
[{& as moche
as the mene mot of the mone is more than the mene mot of the    #
sonne{]
(&) considere +t=t= difference / and the quantite of that       #
difference +t=t= I clepe
the remenaunt / rekne it fro the (ende of the) mene motus of    #
the sonne in the
lymbe bakward agayn successioun of signes / & wheras endith     #
this remenaunt /
mak a mark in the lymbe / draw thanne thy blake thred to this   #
forseide mark 
& wher as thy blake thred keruyth the cercle defferent of the   #
mone in that
same hole is the centre defferent of the mone as it happith. /  #
& in the nadyr
of this hole is the centre equant / put thanne in this centre   #
equant a whit
thred / now hastow thy two centres / stike thanne thy commune   #
centre
defferent vp on the centre defferent of the mone / w=t= thy     #
nedle / yit rekne
agayn the mene motus of the mone fro the hed of aries after     #
successioun of
signes & ley ther thy blake thred / & ley thy white thred       #
equedistant by the
blake thred in the lymbe moeue thanne softely the pool of thyn  #
Epicicle
vnder thy blake thred (tak thanne thy white thred & ley it      #
ouer the pol of
the epicicle) & wheras thy white thred keruyth the cercle of    #
the Epicicle
tak ther the mene aux in thyn Epicicle & fro this white thred   #
rekne in thyn
Epicicle bakward a gayns successioun of signes thy mene         #
argument / I seye
rekne it in the degres of thin Epicicle / & where as endith     #
thy reknynge in
the Epicicle. ley ther the marked ende of thy label. / & ley    #
thy blake thred
vp on the mark of the mone in thy label. & wher as this same    #
blake thred
keruyth the lymbe tak (ther) the verrey place of the mone in    #
the .9.
spere / nota +t=t= the pool of the Epicicle ne shal nat ben     #
leyd vnder the blake
thred of non other .planete. saue only of the mone
<P 38>
and nota +t=t= yif the mene motus of the sonne is more than the #
mene mot of
the mone than shaltow adde .12. signes to the mene mot of the   #
mone & thanne
maistow w=t=drawe the mene mot of the sonne owt of the mene     #
motus of the
mone. & shortly for to speken of this theorike I sey +t=t= the  #
centre of hir (lune)
epicicle (in voluella) moeuyth equaly aboute the centre of the  #
zodiac +t=t=
is to sein aboute the pol of the epicicle +t=t= is thy riet /   #
& thy blake thred whan
it first leid thorw the pol of thyn Epicicle it shewith the     #
verrey aux of the
planete ( (\in epiciclo\) ) riht as the white thred shewith the #
mene aux in the same
epicicle. Item whan thow (hast) rekned the argument of          #
a planete in thin
epicicle. thanne is the body of the planete in thin Epicicle    #
at the ende of thyn
argument & whan (thy) blak thred is leid thorw the marke of a   #
planete in
thi label. in maner forseid than shewith thy blake thred the    #
verre place of the
planete at regard of the .9. spere as shewith in thy lymbe &    #
the ark by twixe
the verrey motus & the mene motus of the mone is the equacion   #
of his argument
in the lymbe / & the ark by twixe his mene aux & his verrey     #
aux is the 
equacion of his argument in the Epicicle

/ to knowe the latitude of the mone by thyn
instrument loke in thyn almenak the verrey
motus of the mone & the verrey motus of (\caput .dra.
 .lune.\) at same tyme / & yif so be +t=t= thy
verre mot of thy mone be lasse than .6.
signes fro (\caput draconis\) w=t=draw the
verrey motus of caput owt of the verey
motus of the mone / & writ +t=t= difference (\(id est verum     #
argumentum latitudinis lune)\) 
for +t=t= is hir (lune) verrey argument (\(id est               #
latitudinis)\) & so many signes
degres & mi=a= as thow hast in the (verrey) argument (of hir    #
latitude) rekne
hem fro the hed of aries after successioun of signes in thy     #
lymbe / & wher
as endith thy reknyng ley +t=t= on end of thy thred & +te       #
middel of thy thred 
shal kerue the meridional lyne / & strechche
<P 40>
so forth ouerthwart as the dyametre of thy plate vnto the       #
lymbe / as thus
I suppose +t=t= on ende of thy thred laye after succession of   #
signes .10. g=a=. fro
the hed of aries in the lymbe / +t=t= other ende of thy thred   #
shold lye .20 g=a=.
of virgo / in the lymbe / considere thanne how many .g=a=. &    #
mi=a= +t=t= the middel
of thy thred lith fro centre aryn. wher as euermo bygynnith     #
this reknyng / I seye
considere in the seccions of the meridional lyne how many g=a=  #
& mi=a= lith the
middel of thy thred fro centre aryn / & tak ther the nombre of  #
the latitude
 .7. trional of thy mone fro the Ecliptik / which latitu(de) ne #
passith neuer
 .5. g=a=. / & yif the verrey motus of the mone be more than    #
 .6. signes fro the
verrey mot of caput / than shaltow w=t=draw the verrey          #
motus of cauda owt
of the verrey motus of the mone. and bygynne thy reknynge at    #
the hed of
libra / & procede bakward agayns successioun of signes / as     #
thus +t=t= yif +t=t= on
ende of thy thred laye agayn successioun of signes .10. g=a=    #
fro the hed of libra
than sholde +t=t= other ende lye in the .10. g=a= fro the hed   #
of aries after successioun
of signes / considere thanne in
the merdional lyne the quantite meridional of the latitude
of thy mone fro the Ecliptik / as I haue
told by forn +t=t= the quantite of g=a= & mi=a= +t=t= the
middel of thy thred in the meridional lyne lith
fro centre aryn the same quantite of degres &
mi=a= is the latitude of the mone fro the eclyptik
be it north be it sowth / & nota +t=t= generaly euermo
bothe endes of of thy thred shollen lyen
equedistant fro thilke diametre +t=t= keruyth the
heuedes of aries & libra / yit quykly vnderstond this canon. I  #
sey whan the
forseide verrey argument of the mone is precisly .90. degres    #
fro the hed of
aries in the lymbe after succession of signes / tak ther the    #
grettest   
<P 42>
latitude of the mone 7trional (\(id est ab ecliptica)\) / &     #
yif so be +t=t= hir verrey
argument passe (anything) .90. degres fro the hed of aries /    #
styrt ouer the
meridianal lyne in to the firste of cancer & ley ther +t=t= on  #
ende of thy thred
& +t=t= other ende in to the laste of geminis / & so forth day  #
be day shaltow
descende in the meridional lyne after +t=t= the reknynge of     #
thy verrey argument
requerith. / til thow come agayn to centre aryn. for than       #
hastow mad equacion
of latitudes for .6. signes as I first seide / & euere mo lith  #
thy thred equedistant
fro the diametre +t=t= keruyth the heuedes of aries & libra /   #
& euer mo as many
degres & mi=a= as the midel of thy thred lith in the            #
meridional lyne fro centre
aryn. so many g=a= & mi=a= is the latitude of the mone fro the  #
Ecliptik / & whan
thy verrey argument passith .6. signes wyrk w=t= cauda as I     #
tawhte the &
ascende vpward in the meridional lyne day by day to the laste   #
of geminis in
the lymbe / & fro thennes discende agayn as I haue seid by      #
forn / & nota
+t=t= whan the mone is direct w=t= caput or cauda. she hath no  #
latitude & whan
she passith caput til she be 3 signes (in) distance (\(pro      #
successione+g signorum)\) 
fro caput she is 7trional ascendinge / & in hir gettest         #
latitude 7trional / & fro
the ende of thilke 3 signes she is 7trional descending til she  #
come to the
opposit of caput +t=t= is to seyn (\cauda draconis\) & fro      #
cauda til she come mid
wey (\(in medio)\) by twix capud & cauda & fro thennes is she   #
meridional
assending til she come agayn at capud / (1391 .17. decembris)   #
Ensample
my mone was .12. g=a= .21. mi=a= of virgo / & caput was 4 g=a=  #
46 mi=a= of aries tho
drow I the verrey motus of caput +t=t= is to seyn .0. in signes #
 .4. g=a= 46 mi=a= owt
of the verrey moeuyng / of the mone +t=t= is to sein owt of 5   #
signes .12 g=a= 21 mi=a= /
tho fond I +t=t= the verrey argument of the mone dwelde .5.     #
sig=a= 7 g=a= 35 mi=a= tho
rekned I after successioun of signes fro the hed of aries in    #
the lymbe (the
same) 5 signes .7 g=a= 35 m=a= / & ther leide I +t=t= on ende   #
of my thred & +t=t= other
ende lay in .22 g=a= 35. mi=a= of aries / tho karf (the) midel  #
of my thred the
meridional lyne .1. degre & 54 mi=a= fro centre aryn by which   #
I knew +t=t= the
latitude of my mone was .1. degre & 54 mi=a= 7trional           #
descending fro the 
Ecliptik
<P 44>
(1391 .19. februarii) / another ensample I fond ( (\scilicet\)  #
in almenak) my
mone in .8. g=a=d .13 m=a= of virgo & (\caput draconis\) in 20  #
g=a= & 42. mi=a= of aries
(.tho.) drow I the verrey motus of - caput for the verrey motus #
of the
mone in this manere. / I say wel +t=t= I myht nat drawe .20     #
degres owt of
 .8. degres / ne 42 minutis owt of 13 mi=a= tho added I .30.    #
degres to the forseide
 .8. degres of virgo & 60 mi=a= to the .13. mi=a= of the same   #
virgo. & tho drow
I the verrey motus of caput owt of the verrey motus of the      #
mone / tho dwelde
me the verrey argument of the latitude of the mone +t=t= is to  #
seyn (.4. sig=a=)
 .17. g=a= 31 mi=a= tho leide I +t=t= on ende of my thred 4     #
signes 17 degres
(31 minuta) fro the hed of aries in the lymbe after             #
successioun of signes
& +t=t= other ende (lay) equedistant fro the diametre +t=t=     #
passith by the heuedes
of aries & libra / & tho fond I the middel of my thred karf     #
the meridional lyne
at .3. degres & 22 mi=a= fro the centre of the Erthe +t=t= is   #
centre aryn / wher for
I knew wel +t=t= my mone was 3 degres .22. mi=a= in latitude    #
7trional descendinge
fro the Ecliptik / (1391 23 februarii) the thridde ensample is  #
this I fond
in myn almenak the verrey motus of the mone was 6 degres 24     #
mi=a= of Scorpio
& the verrey motus of caput was 20 degres .29. mi=a= of aries.  #
tho moste I wirke
w=t= cauda by cause +t=t= verre motus of my mone passed mor     #
than .6. signes tho
drow I the verrey motus of cauda owt of the verrey motus of the #
mone / in
this maner / I added 30 g=a= to .6. g=a= of scorpio & 60 mi=a=  #
to 24 mi=a= of the same
scorpio / tho dwelde me the verrey argument (of latitude) of    #
the mone .0. in
signes 15 g=a= & 55 mi=a= / tho leide I +t=t= on ende of my     #
thred 0 in signes 15 g=a=
55 mi=a= fro the hed of libra (agains succession of signes) by  #
cause +t=t= I wirke
w=t= cauda / & +t=t= other ende of my thred lay equedistant     #
fro the diametre +t=t=
passith by the heuedes of aries & libra / & tho fond I +t=t=    #
the middel of my thred
karf the meridional lyne .1. degre 22 mi=a= fro centre aryn bi  #
which I knew the
latitude of my mone was - .1. g=a= 22 m=a= fro the Ecliptil     #
meridional
discendinge / thus shaltow procede day by day vpward fro the    #
hed of libra
vn to 90 degres agayns succession of signes +t=t= is to seyn    #
vnto the firste of
cancer & thanne stirt ouer the meridional lyne whan thy verrey  #
argument of
thy latitude of the mone passit anything 90 g=a= / & ley +t=t=  #
on ende of thy thred
in gemini & +t=t= other ende in cancer / & so com downward day  #
bi day til
thow come agayn at centre aryn / & thanne wirk w=t= caput as I  #
haue told
by fore / & nota +t=t= whan any eclips (lune) fallith in aries  #
taurus gemini.
cancer. leo. virgo / than is [{than is{] the Eclips in caput /  #
& the remenant of 
the Eclipses ben in cauda  



<B CMHORSES>
<Q M3 IS HANDM HORSES>
<N TREAT HORSES>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K X>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB MEDICINE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^A LATE MIDDLE ENGLISH TREATISE ON HORSES.
STOCKHOLM STUDIES IN ENGLISH, XLVII.
ED. A. C. SVINHUFVUD.
STOCKHOLM: ALMQVIST & WIKSELL
INTERNATIONAL, 1978. 
PP. 85.1 - 129.576^]

<P 85>
   Sum-tyme olde wise clerckus +te
whiche knewe kyndes & complexciones
of men & of bestus +tei fondon & writoun
many grete resounus in helynge of bestus as wel as of
men. And for an hors is a best +tat muche worschepith
men. & many harmes take+t +trou+g mys-happus fele &
ofte-tyme be+t outerliche I-lost for defau+gte of help +terfore
I wol schewe +gou as j haue jlerned sum curus for hors
+tat al men knowe no+gt. And also wherof +te euel come+t
on an hors And also +te tokenus +terof. where-bi +tat
men schul hem knowe. & how +tei schul in a good feyre a good
hors chese. Hit is nedeful to hym be wise & warre +tat
schal an hors bye. ffor ofte-tyme +tei +tat weny+t hem-silf
sly. be+t bi-giled with blynd hors & pursif hors. & o+ter       #
wicked
tacches +tat men mowe no+gt redeliche se with here y+gen.
+terfore .4. +tyngus +tou schalt loke in an hors. & +tat +tei
faile no+gt. ffurste +te schap of an hors +tat +tou schalt
wite +tat he be of good heythe to suche trauaile as +tou nedest
& +tat he be +ticke & wel I-growe to his heythe &
strongliche I-made. longe sydes & fleyscheful. & grete          #
boddockes.
& rounde. & brod brest bi-fore. & al +te bodi knette with
wre+tes of brawn. drie bon & hole +tat schal his bodi bere
& +tat schal be a good hors. +Te secunde is +te beawte of an
hors +tat he semy+t faire. & +tat he haue a litul hed & a lene
with-oute flesche +te skyn ri+gt ny +te cheke-bon is no+gt
for to loke. schort eres & scharp for-sake hem no+gt. gret 
<P 87>
eyen & oute stepe is wel for to preise. & wyde nose+turlus
to +trast in +tin hond. an hy+ge hors bifore with a +ticke
mane +te tayle meneliche long with a good rumpe. a runde
fot & +ticke bi-come+t an hors wel. & +gif his pastron
be schort he is wel +te betere. wyde hors bi-twene +te
chaueles haue. I herde for to preise. & brode bi-twixst
+te y+gen is good at +te countre. And +ticke warres bifore
+te sadel bi-come+t an hors wel. And lowe-wombede
be+t comeliche good. And flat-crowped hors bu+t
esi to holde in poynte. +Te +tridde is bounte +tat is best of
alle. And +tat +tou schalt knowe by +tese signus. Loke +tat
he be hardi & coragious of herte. redi & ly+gt of his
feet & +tat he go wyde in resoun. & +tat his lymes tremeli
for +tat is sygne of streng+te. And also +tou+g he reste
muche +tat he be esi to hold. & if he be j-take for+t hastliche
with +te spore +tat he be sumdel kene. & +tat he be good to     #
rebaie
when +tat tyme is. & +tis be+t +te signes in a bounte hors.
+Te fer+te is colour +tat he schal haue of here. for sum haue+t
betur here +tan summe as I haue herde telle. ffor bayblak.
Mylkewhite. don with a blak lyste. yren-graye.
& o+ter many hewes +tat bu+t not to rekne. ffor whatso
his +tat hors bow+gte.
   And when +tou hast a good hors at +tin owen
wille loke +tat +tou be warre bi-tyme +tat he
take not harme +trou+g rauhede of blode where+trou+g 
an hors take+t many euelis. And +tus
<P 89>
schalt +tou knowe when +tin hors nede+t to be I-lete
blod. +Gif he be ranke of blod he wol gnappe himsilf
& rubbe him a-+gens +te walle +tat he stonde+t bi. his kaym
schal stynke. & hos pisse schal be rede & +ticke. his           #
ey+genwebbe
blod-schote & wateri with-alle. And ouer al his 
bodi +ter wol rise litel smale bleynes +te whiche +tou schalt
aspie bi felyng of +tyn honde. for +tei bu+t I-hud vndur +te
heere. And he schal leue his mete more +tan he was
I-wonede. And +tan schalt +tou latyn him blod a-boue
on his necke. & aftur +tat his stat is +tou schalt latym
blede. +gif he be passed .v. +gere. & be in good poynt to +te
whi+gte of .3. pond or .4. may he blede. And +gif he be
of .ij. +gere or of .3. or ellus +tat he be lene & feble of     #
flesche.
a pond & an half wol ouer-take hym wel  
or ellus at +te moste .ij. pond.
   Many euelus come+t on hors +tat bledu+t not in
tyme +trou+g +tat kynde of +tat euel blod +tat gendre+t in his
bodi +tat is to say +te farcioun. +tat in his skyn bore+t many
an hole. schale & mangew. & turtes & many o+ter
euellis +tat I schal here afturward nemyny as +tei gendre+t
in +te bodi of here owene kynde. And nameliche of 
+tese euelus +tat oon hors may cacche of an-o+ter +tat he
stondu+t bi. And whan an hors is I-let blod & wol
not staunche. Or ellus he strobule+t his veyne with
rubbynge of hym in self. +Ten schalt +tou take felt & brenne
it sumdel. & wete it in +te lus of +te rede nettel. & ley hit
<P 91>
upon +te ueyne +tat +tou wolt staunche. Or ellus take
+tou +te woluyfiste & geder out +te dust & medle hit
with swynes +tost +tat lyue+t bi +te gras. grynde hem
wel to-geder & make hem on a plaster. & make it hot.
& ley it to +te veyne. & in-to +te +tridde daye remoue it
not. Or ellus take hors-cayme & grynd it wel &
bynde it fast to +te veyne. Or ellus sum wol tak
a fe+ter & twyne it in +te heere +ter +te blod renne+t out
& fe+teres bynde +tere-to. & so I haue seye hit staunche
wel I-now+g. A charme for to cese blod. God
was bore in betheleem. Ido on +te rode-tre in ierhusalem fulled
he was in flum iordan. Lord as +te flode with-stode
so staunche +tis horsus blod. Lord +gif +ti wille be. Pater
noster &. Aue Maria. An-o+ter. Put +tese syngnus to +te
nauel I-write vpon sum-+tyng. (\fac. per. nomen. matris.        #
Christi. altae.
sacrae. & .7. nomen. mariae.\) An-o+ter. Take +te knotte of a   #
stre
& wete it in +te blod & make .v. crosses in +te forhed
& sey +tese wordus at euery crosse boram uex. Ano+ter.
I coniure +te wonde in +te uertu of +te .v. wondes
of oure lord ihesus crist. & in +te vertu  of +te mylke
+tat he soke of his moder brest & of his de+t & of his
up-rist +tat +tou rankil no+ter swelle ne blede ne
festre no more +tan do+t +te wonde +tat longeus
made with +te spere in +te ri+gt side of our lord ihesus crist.
(\In nomine patris & filii & spiritus sancti. Amen.\)
   Farcyn is an euel of to muche mosture 
<P 93>
of flesche. & to muche plente of humurus +te whiche
euel sum men clepe+t +te worme. And +te cause whifor
+te forseide humors +tat be+t in +te flesche make+t
rounde holes in +te flesche & in +te skyn as +te angeltweches
do+t in +te er+te. And also ofte-tymes hit come+t 
of blak blod & of humors +tat renne+t with-in +te
veynus. & o+ter-while with-oute. And o+ter-while it come+t
of grete strokes or of a wonde +tat with-inne too
mon+tes is not heled. Also it come+t o+ter-while
bi-twext +te schuldres or in +te sides. & +tat may oone
hors take of an-o+ter. Cure +terfore now wol I schewe.
Take hede +tou marchal to +tis euel & in what stede it is.
for o+ter-while it is in synewe stedes. & in brawne & in
+te cauernes of +te bones & in dyuerse place a-boute +te
lymes +tat euel is to hele. And sum-tyme in fleschy stedus
+tat is esi to hele. +Gif +te farcyn be in +te forhalf of his
bodi. & +tou perceyue ranckehede of blod. in his neckeveyne
let him blede wel. And if it be on his +ty or
ellus in his legge let him blede in his fot & +tat is good.
And aftur take .3. plantes of auence. & .3. of of weybrede.
& .3. of egrymonye & a rote of radysche. &
grynde hem al to-geder. & tempere it with a litul quantite of
stondinge water of a pole or of sum o+ter & let +te hors
swelwy him adoun in-to his bodi. And +ten aftur +tou make
a plaster of auence & of +te rote of radische of bo+te
I-liche muche. & a litel swope. & as muche hony. &
<P 95>
grynde hem al to-geder & +ten +tou schalte schaue +te heere     #
a-boute
+te holes. & ley +tis plaster +ter-to. Or ellus take arnement. 
& brenne in +te fyer. & take +te pouder of it. & as
muche of vnslekid lyme & tempere hem to-geder with swope
+tat is old. & with good hony as +tou+g it were gruel. &
ley it to +te holes. & do so twyes on +tre dayes
tyl +te farcin be drie. & +gif +te holes be to strayte make
hem wyddur with a rasur. And while +tou curest +tis hors
loke he be foddered with a barli-straw. or ellus with hard      #
hey. &
prouendre +gif him non. & as ferfor+t as +tou may let him not
drynke. And +te farcyn be not in +te cauernes of +te bone
ne in +te brawn ne in +te schuldres. but onliche in +te fleschi
stedus +ten do +tus. Take a rasour & schere awey +te
skyn & make it al bare as fer as it seme+t +te a-tamed
& +ten tak an hot yre & brenne it wel abouen & +ten make
a plaster of auence or ellus of egrimonye. or lekes. & ferst
grynde hem wel. & do +ter-to +gelkus of eyren & faire barlimele
& tempere hem al to-geder. & ley a-boue +te farcyn. Or 
ellus take & fille ful +te holes of podur of bremston ri+gt
to +te grounde. & aftur tak an hot yre +tat is smal bi-fore
& put in-to +te holes as depe as +tei be+t. Or ellus take 
a pynte of +te ius of planteyne. & a pynte of +te ius
smalache. & half a pynte of +te jus rubarbe & half
a pynte of +te Ius of [\LACUNA IN MS: SPACE FOR EIGHT LETTERS\] #
& a pynte of +te
Ius of +te leues of eldre +tat beru+t +te beries. &. half
a pynte of venegre. & half a pynte of +ticke hony. &
<P 97>
half a pynte of +te Ius of morel. & half a pynte
of +te jus of +te wilde tesel. & too or +tre of amydoum.
& medle hem al to-gederes in a panne. & set it ouer +te fier.
& let it boile til it be +ticke. & when it is +ticke take
it don. & let it stonde til it be cold. & +ten take +te white
of .viij. eyron & medle +ter-with. +Tis same medicyne
is good also for boylynge of venum. +Tese cures as
I vndurstonde schal hele an hors for +te farcioun ful
wel. A charme for +te same. (\Dytez ceste charme 
par .iij. iors apres le solayl couchaunte sur le chyual uers
le west turne primez pater noster hysmabet pater noster 
mechay pater noster amathanay pater noster Crux
Christi amen pater noster. Cinke foyrz dirrs cest charme.
par .iij. iours outre le chyual & par seux. iij. iours ne
doit le chyual este en bon erre ne prouendre mag ne ewe
currant passer mays selk fame manguse & garra.\)
ffor +te farcyn & for +te feloun a good charme. (\In nomine
patris & filij & spiritus sancti amen. Ie te coniure felon ou   #
farcyn
ou verme male suz d[{a{]uant par dieu omnipotent de ceel & de
terre & de solial & de lune & de tutz creaturis & de sent       #
autres
& de sent abbes & de sent euesqes bien atturnes com de
messes chauntere de nuit de noele & de la paylle so[{?{]
dount deu fuit en-volupe si tu i es ne demurrez niemt
si tu ne es ne entres poynt al nom du pere & fitz &
saunt espyrit te coniure qe tu ne augz. Ceo ditz
troi foitz outre le best & garra.\) Or ellus take +te
<P 99>
rede nettel. & +te popi rote. & myntes & flex & make
a plaster & bynde to +te frounte of +te hors. .v. daies &
 .v. ny+gttus. & +gif him drynke herbes. beteyne. quycseluer.
And +tat also for to hele +te wondes of +te farcyn. 
Tak floure of whete & hony & medle hem to-geder.
& ley to +te sore. & aftur pouder of piper & caste in +te
wondus. & +gif him drynk of +te same & he schal be
hole. A charme for +te same. (\In nomine patris. & filij. &
spiritus. sancti. amen.\) In +te worschip of oure lord ihesus   #
crist &
of oure ladi seynt marie & of seynt Iobis fadur
soule
& for his modur soule & for al his antecers
soulus sey. iij. pater noster. & .iij. aue maria. Seynt Iob     #
had.
 .ix. wormes. & o worme had non hed. Sey +tus aboute
+te hors. Also for al-maner of farcyn. Make
a plaster of an vnce of vertegrece and eisel
& arnement & ley +ter-to a ny+gt.
   Mangew gendere+t of brend blod & rotoun
& nameliche in herueste when a hors traueyle+t ouer-muche
with litel mete. or litul drynke. & aftur ha+t
myche reste aftur grete trauayle. And or he be let blod
he most be trauayle. a+gen. And o+ter-while it
come+t upon an hors when pouder & swot I-dried
to. be ouer-ny+gt. upon him & is not currayde & made
clene. And also it wil come of sodayne fast ridynge.
when an hors aftur gret traueyle. or aftur gret
swetynge stondu+t vnheled. or out of house. or in eny
<P 101>
o+ter cold stede. +Te mangew wol bi-gynne bi-side
+te necke in +te heere & +ter wol genderi whelkus o+ter
bilus & in o+ter dyuerse stedus of his bodi. and in +te
same stede wol +te here pile awey. & +te hors wol
gnappe him-self & rubbe out of curs. & but +tat hors
be holpe in tyme +tat mangew wol turne in-to a foule
schabbe +terfore tak of +tese medicynes +tat folue+t.
And +gif an hors be rancke of blod. +ten let him
blod in his necke. & with +tat same blod hot whasche
him ouer-al. & frote hym ri+gt faste & spare him not. And
aftur +te +tridde daye of his blod-letynge let wasche
him wel with hot lie j-made of axes of barli-straw. &
see-water or with vyneger or with sowre ale. Or ellus 
wasche him with +te croppus of horhone or ellus with sede. or   #
with
+te gresse of an erbe +tat men clepu+t hemloke. Or ellus 
with +te croppus of walwort +tat ha+t kyndeli vertu with a
porcioun of salt wel j-soden & wasche him wel. & curreye
him wel with an hors-combe. & make him ri+gt clene. &
when he is ri+gt drie or ellus upon +te morwe anoynte
him with an oynement +tat j schal +te teche. +Tou schalt
tak +te rote of +te rede docke & +te rote of hemlok.
& se+te hem wel in vyneger or eysel or wyn. longe til
+tei be ri+gt neysche. & +ten +tou schalt take awey +te
hardust of +te herbes & grynde it. or when +tei bu+t
sumdel drie with olde swynes grece. & with +tat oynement
a+gens +te sunne or +te fyer loke +tou grece him wel.
<P 103>
Or ellus tak quycseluer & freische grece & hony. porcioun
+tese +tre to-gederis & anoynte him +ter-with & or
he be anoynted let him blod on +te sides & whasche
+te sore +ter-with. Or ellus take .ij. libra of barwus grece.
& a quarterun of uertegrece & a quartron of quycseluer
& half a pond of frankencence. & .ij. sauserful
of womman mylke +tat ha+t a knaue childe with-inne 
+tre +gere age & medle al +tese to-geder & wasche
him +ter-with.
   And +gif an hors wol gnappe hymself.
tak +te rede water-kerse for +tei bu+t
hatter & bettur +ten +te whit & wermode & hemlok
with a gret dele of sote til +tei be muche iliche to
grece. & +ten grece him ouer-al & +tat schal lete him to
gnappe. Or ellus wasche him wel in bene bro+t &
poune to-geder piper & vertegrece & arnement & cerfoyle
& make a good fier a-boute +te hors &
grece him +ter-with .3. daies.
   Scabbe wol brede in +te necke. & on +te dok
of +te taile ri+gt as +te mangew. & it
peli+t awei +te heere up bi +te rotes so +tat +te hors
wille rubbe him-self +tat +te necke & +te dok of his
taile schal be al bare & +tat wol come of superfluyte of
blod. or of o+ter wicked humourr. & of +te same cause +tat +te
mangew wol gendre so wol +tis. of bi-stonding bi a
schabbed hors or bi gnappynge of an hors. or if he
be whiped with a wippis curreyed with a combe +tat a schabbed
<P 105>
hors ha+t be curreyd with. or if he ete of +te corn
or of +te hey +tat a schabbed hors ha+t ymoneld on
bi-fore. or if +te oynde of a schabbed hors come+t
muche in his nose. Cure +terfore. If +te hors be
stalworde. let him wel blod & wasche +te schabbed  
stedes with +te hot blod & when it is drie rubbe him wel
with an hors-combe euer-more til +te blod sprynge out
of +te skyn amonge +te schabbes. & +ten +tou schalt wasche
him with a lye +tat clerkus clepu+t on latyn capitellum
+te whiche is made on +tis manere. Take .3. parties
of asche asken. & .ij. parties of askus of bene-halm.
o partie of vnsleked lym. & medle hem wel to-geder &
do hem in a brod vessel ful of holes ri+gt as +tou
makest lye & helde aboue see-water or lye +tat was
ymade of asche askus euer til it droppe. & geder +tat
clene in a vessel. & when +te capytel is made. take
an eye of an hen & wynde a +trede +ter-aboute. & do
it softeli in +tat capytel. & +gif it synk not +ti capytel
is good. or ley +ter-on a gret neld & if he flete
+ti capytel is good. Come not hende +te hole skyn
for +ten it wol make +te here pile awey +trou+g violense
of it-self. but wasche +te schabbes with +te
capytel. & +tat ri+gt wel. And when it is drie 
+ten schalt +tou grece it with an oynement +tat is ymade
on +tis manere. Take sulphur vyue. & whit
tartre & blak. & grynde him al to-geder & tempere it with
<P 107>
strong eisel. & with oyle til it be of +te +tickenus
of an oynement. & twies on +te day grece him on
+te scabbede stedus. And on +tis same manere do
to an hors +tat ha+t +te mangew euer til he be hole.
Or do make suche an oynement for +te same. Take
sulphur vif. & frankencence. nytre & tartre. & aschyn
rynde vitriole & vertegrece. whit ellebore & blak.
er+tenotes. & +gelkes of hard-soden eyren. boyle al
+tese in oile of olyue til it wexe +ticke. & with +tat anoynte
+te hors twies or +tries on +te day as +te
+tynke+t best. Or in +tis manere schalt +tou make &
oyle a+gens +te scabbe. Tak of +te myddel rynde of
a tre +tat sum men clepu+t buchyl & +tei make+t caudeles
of +tat same rynde. take +ten +tat same rynde & schaue
awey +te ouemuste & take +te myddel rynde. & hew
it al smale & fil a pot of er+te +tat is newe ful +ter-of &
loke +tat +te same pot haue +tre holis or .4. in +te bottum
+ter-of. & take an-o+ter pot +tat is wel ileded with-inne
& set +te pot with +te ryndus upon +te leded pot & loke
+tat +te brynkes of +te leded pottus mou+te & +te brynkus
of +te pot with +te ryndus be wel dabbid with cleye &
with hors-donge so +tat non o+ter flauor entre in-to +te
pottus ne non reche come oute. And if +tou se eny reche
come out loke +tou daube it eft-sonus. & also +te pottis
mou+te with +te ryndus +tou schalt helyn it with a ston &
daube it in +te manere forsayde & +ten make a good fyer
<P 109>
aboute +te pottis of wode & cole. and when +te wode
& +te cole bu+t I-bred oute. +ten take oute +te pottis
& +te oyle +tat +tou fyndest in +te ne+ter pot geder it up &
with a fe+ter grece +te schabbede stedus +tries on +te daie. or
oftur if it be nede. & fro +te firste daie +tat +te hors is     #
furst
gresed with +tis oile loke +tat +te hors be wel kept from
al-manere wetynges of water & fro gnappynge & rubbynge
til +te. .7. daies be passed. And sum men make+t 
oile in +te same wise +tat +tis forsayde oile is made of        #
schrapynge
of hertes-hornes. or of drie schauynges of
aschentre. or of eldir-tre. or of wode appeltre. or of
+te rynde of blak-+torn. +te whiche oile +tey sey for-so+te
it is good for al-manere schabbe. & al o+ter fil+te & maladie
+tat gendere+t on +te skyn. +Gif +te schabbe be in +te dok
of +te taile +ten schalt +tou take blak comyn & grynde it
se+te a litel in swete mylke it when it is hote a-noynte
+te schabbe ofte +ter-with. & loke +tat +te schabbede hors
stonde no+gt amonge o+ter +tat +tei ne take +te same 
   Fike is an euel +tat wol gendri in hore of hym.
& it is called a fyke for-as-myche as it is
neysche gaderynge of humorus of rede colour or of blo
colour or blak with-oute hooro spryngynges oute of
+te skyn in +te manere of a rype fyge where-of it
take+t his name. & hit gendre+t of to myche blod
+tat regne+t bi-twexst +te hyde & +te hold & +tus +tou
schalt cure it. ffurst loke in what lyme +tat it be
<P 111>
& if it be eny-+tynge brode. And +ten +tou schalt take
a gobet of le+ter & make a rownde hole in +te myddel
of +te le+ter aftur quantite of +te fyke so +tat it be fast     #
sittynge
bi-twexst +te fyke & +te hol skyn. & take tow+g cley.
or past of smal floure & cramme it ri+gt wel so +tat +te
hole skyn be not I-hurte with eny hot +tyng +tat schal
be y-layd +ter-to. When it is so ydi+gt take horhoune
& grynde it wel & make +ter-of ballus of +te gretnus
of perus. or of +te gretnus of +te fyke. & ley him upon
an hot ston or on yren til +tei be wel y-rosted. & +ten
take a bal al hote & +trast in-to +te fyke. & when it is
cold ley an-o+ter to al hote with-oute delay. & so euermore
oon aftur an-o+ter til +te fyke bi-gynne to
wexe white. And if +tou haue non horhoune 
take water-kresus or +te myddel rynde of +te hasel. &
make balles. & rost hem & do in +te same manere
as it is forsayde of horhoune. Or ellus if +tou 
wolt +tou my+gt schere a-wey +te fyke euene bi +te
hole skyn & let +te euel blod blede out euerydel +ten
schalt +tou strawe upon pouder of unsleked lyme
or of chalke. And take an yre as brode as
+te sore is & let brenne it ri+gt wel til +tou hopest
+tat +te fier come to +te hole flesche. And if +te
fyke be in eny jnnor be y-warre +tat +tou do esili +tat
+te senues ne +te Ioyntus be not ytowched with
+te fyer. And +ten schalt +tou take freische rothorus
<P 113>
scherne. or henne dryt. or doues dryt & grynde
it with sope & bynde it +ter-to & let it leye +ter-to. ij.      #
daies
stille. & +ten afturwarde +tou schalt anoynte it with sum 
hote oynement +tat is to say with pentemyron or ellus
with hony. onus on +te day til it be hole. And in +te menetyme
kepe it wel from lickynge. & from wetynge of
colde water til .ix. daies be passed. And if it so be +tat
+te fyke be gret aboue & smal bi +te bodi as a stalke
of a walnote. take +ten. .v. silken +tredus. & +tre heres
of an hors taile +tat neuer rode mare. & twyne hem wel
to-geder as an harpestrenge. bynde it fast bi +te bodi
vndur +te fyke. And on +te morwe aftur if it be asclaked.
draw it eft fastur. & so +tou schalt do oft til +te fyke falle
awey him-self. And when he is falle awey. +Gif so be +tat
an-o+ter wol come vp +ter a+gen +tou schalt do +tus. Do
past or cleye +ter-upon al aboute as ytold bi-fore
caste scaldynge hote hony euene +ter-upon. but loke
+tou kepe with al +ti my+gt +tat no+gt of +te hote +tynge
come hende +te skynne. & eft-sonus when it is kelid.
make it ri+gt drie & cast efte-sonus +ter-upon as +tou dedust
bi-fore. & if +te +tynke +tat +te rotus be depe in +te flesche.
+Gif +tou schalt hele it wel as y haue seide bi-fore. And
if he haue many fykos in his bodi +ten +tou schalt let him
blede aftur +tat his elde & his streng+te wol streche.
   Tortes be+t apostemes in +te ouer half of +te
flesche. genderynge with-inne +te skyn in +te
<P 115>
manere of a Cake +tat men clepu+t tarteles. of +te whiche
he take+t his name. & it wol come of oute-rage of
blod +tat is rotun. & of humours +tat be+t bi-twexst +te hyde
& +te holde. & of hertynge of flesche or of strokes. &
of stondynge bi o+ter hors. +terfore in +tis cure +tus schalt
+tou don. +Tou schalt slitte +te skyn of +te torte up & don
euene in +te myddes of +te torte. & undur-ne+te +ter +te        #
swellynge
o+ter +te bolnynge stondu+t. with a flewme +tou schalt
aripe al +te bagge & breke +te gaderynge +tat is with-inne
& +treste +te quyture out. And efte if it nede be 
ronge it ri+gt wel. Or ellus an-o+ter manere if +te like
it betere. Amyddes +te torte slyte +te skyn euene doun to
+te er+te til +te slitte come to +te hole flesche & +ten clanse
it wel +tat is redi rotun. And +ten stoppe +te holes
ful of herdus of hempe or of lynne. & loke +tat +tei
be clene y-di+gt with-out eny schyues. but wete hem
furst in botter or in sayme or in +te white of an ey. And
+tus euery day di+gt it onus til he be hole. Or if be
turte at +te furste tyme be nesche. & +tou vndurstonde
+tat it be rotid. in +te stede +ter +te +tynke+t +tat it
is neyschest. +Ten +tou schalt bi good avyse in +te ne+ter  
half make a good sclitte & in ei+ter half of +te torte
quyse it with +ti fyngrus al +te while +tat +ter wol
renne out eny quyter. And aboue on his bak
+tou schalt let him blede first in +tat on side & aftur .7.
daies on +tat o+ter side. And +ten aftur .xv. daies +tou schalt
<P 117>
efte let him blod vpon +te same side +tat he was furst +ter
late blod. But loke +tou do not +te last cure of letynge
of blod but if +te +tynke be good syngnes +tat
it be nede. +tat is to say. +tat blod be enchesoun. or ellus
o+ter humors. Where-+tro+g +te torte schold al-wei gendre       #
upon +te hors.
   Corn is an euel & it is cleped 
+te corn for-as-myche as +te hyde of +te hors
with +te flesche. or ellus +te flesche bi him-self. is so harde
as +tou+g it were an horne. And +tat wol come +trou+g
gret hurtynge & of gret burdyn. & of swellynge. &
or +tat swellynge be passed awei efte-so[{n{]us bere+t sum heuy
burdyn +tat brese+t it wel more. Also it come+t for
many o+ter causes of +te whiche me nede+t not telle
of now+te. But for to teche +gow how +ge schul kepe 
an hors +tat he ne take no suche manere harme. y wold
if y cow+te. +Tus haue j seie men kepe here hors
from cornus. When an hors for-trauailed & beru+t ou+gt
heuy. When +te burdun is downe +ten +tei wol tak
of +te sadul or +te hors be colded. & grope ouer-al
if +tei fynde eny hurtynge or swellyng. And if +tei se
or fele eny hurtynge or swellynge. a-non +tei take+t
cold water & salt to-geder. & waschu+t ouer-al & frote+t
him wel. Also swithe +tei set up +te sadul a+gen & so
+tei lettu+t him stonde til he be kelid ri+gt wel. & so do+t
+tei .ij. or .3 . & sette+t vp +te sadul a-bouen a+gen. & so    #
wol
+te swellynge aswage wel I-now+g. But if it be
<P 119>
so +tat +te corn be genderid. +ten +tou moste schaue it aboute
+te corn o+ter +te swellynge. & +ten schalt +tou garce it with
many smale pikes meneliche depe. +tat +te brused blod
may out ren. B[{u{]t if +te bolnynge be ou+gt olde. +ten
schalt +tou first or +tou garse him. ba+te it ri+gt wel with    #
warme
water. & +tat a longe while. & +tat is for to make
+tynne +te bresid blod +tat it may come out +te
bettur. And aftur +tou schalt make a plaster of smalache
& of walwort & of askes of elder-tre. grunde
wel al to-geder. & chaufed in sayme. or in wyn. & lay it
to +te corn. Or make a plaster of +te holi +tystel. &
of faire whete-floure. or of rye. & .iiij. eryn. or of
 .v. & al hote ley +ter-to & aftur when it is roted. & +te
swellyng aswage+t. +ten schalt +tou take a smal elsen
& al hot glowyng +trest in-to +te corn al aboute.
And take afturward a cloute of hempe or of
lynne too fyngur brod +ter +te corn is & lay it vpon
+te corn. And aftur take a drie stikke of wy+ti
or of hasel & +twyte +ter-on longe sponus & +tynne
in-to +tat on ende of +tat styke. & +tat o+ter ende of +te
styke schal be scharpe. +ter-on +tou schalt styke
a gobet of fat lard. & +ten +tou schalt take a long
yren & scharpe. & styke in-to +te +twyten stykkes.
& +ten hold it ouer +te fier til it haue y-chaut hete
of +te fier. & hold it ouer +te corn & let +te larde droppe
ouer +te cloute so +tat +te hote sayme may renne 
<P 121>
in-to +te corn +trou+g +te holes +tat +te elsen made.
& aftur or +te clout be remeued let him swete. & aftur if
it be nede +tou maist take sayme of lard in a sawcer & anoynte
+te corn with a fe+ter or with a splent of tre. And
so ofte-tymus til +te cor wol arise & may be take out.
Or take +te snayles +tat be+t in here schellis. & ri+gt
so stampe hem to-gederes. & make a plaster & ley to +te
sore. & ofte-tyme meue +te corn hyder & +tidur til he
arise. And +tou haue nede to ride upon +tis same
hors or +te corn be oute. +ten make a +tynne plaster of
+te forseide snayles. & set +ti sadul aboue & schyft hit
no+gt til +te corn arise. And y haue seye make a 
plaster of hey askes ytempered with pysse y-leide to +te
corn til +tat he a-rise. & when +te corn is oute +ten schalt
+tou euery day onus fille +te hole ful of herdes wel y-clensid
of hempe or of flexe y-hewe nameliche 
smale. ffor herdus wol kyndeliche clensi woundes
or apostemes & also +tei wol not suffri ded flesche
engendri in +te sore. But let no wete
of water come on +te hole +ter +te corn was inne.
   Ded flesche o+ter-while engendere+t in wondes.
& in apostemes if so be +tat kynde helpe & skilful
be not don +terto. or ellus if +tat sore be not wasche
& di+gt in tyme. And +terfore schalt +tou when +tou sixte +te
flesche ouer-passe +te brynkes of +te skyn with-jnne
+te wonde. Or if +tou se pappes in +te brynkes of
<P 123>
wondes or blankus with-ynne +te wonde. & litel quyter           #
+ter-ynne.
+tat is uerei signe of ded flesche. And bi +tat +tou
maist it knowe if +tou it touche it wol gladli blede.
& when +tou sixt +tat. take a rasor & pare it as ney as +tou
maist til +tou trowe +tat +tou be at +te good flesche. +Gif so  #
be +tat
veynes & synues lettu+t not. ffor wite +tou forso+te +tat
it falle+t +te not to kerue ne to brenne in stedes +ter veynes
& synuus buth liggynge as in +te Ioyntes & o+ter stedes +tat is
good ynow+g bu+t to knowe. And aftur +tat it is coruen
+tou schalt brenne it with an hote yre & aftur +tou schalt take
netus scherne & ley +ter-vpon. Or ellus take +gelkus of
eyrin & herdes. & wete hem +ter-ynne & ley +ter-to & remeue
it not bi-fore +te +tridde day. And +gif +tou wilt 
haue out +te wicked flesche with-oute keruyng. or brennyng 
+ten schalt +tou make suche a poudur. Take +te
white of eyrin. & olde sope +te blak is +te bettere of bo+te
iliche myche. & stere hem bo+te to-gedur til +tei be al of
o color. & take as moche of unsleked lyme & medle
it al to-geder so +tat it be sumdel +ticke & a-non ley it upon
+te ded flesche. But let it not longe leye +ter-to for
peyringe of +te quycke flesche. And +ten aftur +tou schalt 
anoynte it with oile of olyue euer til it be hole. Or
ellus +tou maist hele it with bature y-made of smalache.
& morel if +tou maist gete it. & do +ter-to whit of eyryn
& a parti of hony & tempere it with rye-floure or with
whete & upon herdus ley it +ter-to. Also sum men
<P 125>
make+t suche a poudur for ded flesche +tei take+t .iij.
parties of vnsleked lyme & .ij. of poudur of oisturschellus
& oon of salt. & an-o+ter of hertus-hornes o+ter
netus & stampe hem al to-geders & tempere hem with stronge
ley or with mannus vreyne. & make al +tat in manere
of a lof. & in +te her+te. or in +te ownen or in +te fier bake
it til it be ri+gt harde. +ten +tou schalt make poudur +ter-of  #
&
hote of +te pouders a day ley +ter-on. & if +te ded flesche
be y-wasted away in on stede of +te wonde & not in an-o+ter.
+ten schalt +tou take herdes & wasche hem with spotel
in parti & ley hem vpon +te stede +tat +te +tynke is clansed.
& +ter +te +tynke+t it is not clene ley of +te forseide pouder
+ter-to til it be clene wastid away. & +tou schalt aftur take   #
herdes
& wete hem in sayme or boture. or in oile olyue or in hony
or in wyn. & euer-more ley it +ter-to til +tou se +te good      #
flesche
euene with +te skyn. +ten schalt +tou with suche a pouder hele  #
up
+te wonde. Take of an hors-skyn a porcioun. & of +te 
bonus of an hors +ty or of +te rybbe. & of an hertus horne
or of a schep & old scho-soles. or of +te keruynge of le+ter
+tat +tou schalt fynde in corueseruus schoppes. And euereche
of +tese for-seide +tyngus +tou schalt brenne bi hem-self &     #
aftur
grynde euereche bi him-silf ri+gt smale & take of euereche
iliche myche & do hem alle to-geder & medle hem wel. & aftur
do +te pouder in-to a bladder & vse it when nede is.
Sum men make+t poudur of a gras +tat hate orygan &
medle it with bark dust. & ley+t +ter-to bi it-self & wol helpe
<P 127>
at nede. And if +tat hors schal be y-reden while his
bak is sore +ten +tou most use +te cure aforsaide +tat
is to say. at euene take of +te sadel. & wasche it
with hot wyn or vryne. or salt water. or in watere +tat
horshoune. or walwort or smalache or origan haue+t
bi sode ynne. & aftur drye +te sore. & ley a+gen sum
of +tese helynge pouderes or herdes wete in sayme.
or in sum of +te forseide +tyngus. or a plaster aforseide til   #
it
be hole
   And +gif +te schuldur of an hors be swolle
+trou+g stirtynge or fallynge. or if +te brawn
of +te sides be bolned or hurte with prykynge of +te spore
+ten schalt +tou helpe him in +tis manere. ffirst schalt +tou 
schere a-way +te here al aboute +te bolnynge & +ten
+tou schalt anoynte +te sore stede with sayme of lard or with
hote oile ri+gt ofte. And aftur schalt +tou take +te leues
of wermod. & +te tendre rotes of walwort & grynde 
hem ri+gt wel to-geder. & aftur frie hem ri+gt wel in sayme.
or in boter & make +ten +ter-of a plaster & ley it hot to +te
swellynge. And loke +tat +tou hold +te hole of +te
prychynge sumdel open. And if it be so +tat +tis
manere of swellynge aforseide haue y-be longe
with-oute helpe +ten schalt +tou sclyte +te skyn in myddes
+te bolnynge. And bi-ne+te in +te hole skyn +ter +te swellynge
stynte+t +tou schalt kerue an hole & put +terynne
a seyne. but loke +tat +tou do it wiseliche for
hurtynge of veynes & of synues. And if +te
<P 129>
brest be bolned bi-side +te necke of prykynge 
of +te spore. or ellus +te side. +ten schalt +tou seyne him
in +te brest but not ouer ney +te schulder +tese 
medicynes bu+t good & prophytable. 



<B CMPHLEBO>
<Q M3 IS SCIM PHLEB>
<N PHLEBOTOMY>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE MEDICINE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^A LATIN TECHNICAL PHLEBOTOMY AND
ITS MIDDLE ENGLISH TRANSLATION.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL
SOCIETY, 74, PART 2.
ED. L. E. VOIGTS AND M. R. MCVAUGH.
PHILADELPHIA, 1984.
PP. 37.1 - 53.307^]

<P 37>
[}OF PHLEBOTOMIE}]

   [{T{]he purpos forsoth of +tis present besynes yt ys forto   #
tret
shortly in which maner sekenes flebotomie ys competent and of   #
which
veynis. +Terfor it is to wyt that some minision is made or      #
done by
metacentesyn, (^i.e.^) , evyn drawyng, some by antepasyn. [{By  #
metacentesyn
it{] ys sayd to be done when +te blode ys drawyn on the same    #
partie in
which ys the sekenes, (\Verbi gratia\) , if pleuresis be in     #
the left
syde, be the minicion made in the left arme. Methasentesen      #
sowne+t
as mech as lenial detraccion, drawyng be lyne. It ys made by
antepasyn when minucion is made, and anthepasyn ys sayd as wer  #
contrare
pascions. It ys to wyt forso+t yf the body be plectoryk or      #
replete,
minucion owth to be done by antepasyn, elles forso+te by        #
methasentasyn.
Also yf the sekenes be inveterat, (^i.e.^) , old, be            #
metasentesyn. If [{it{] is
to be resent or newe, by anthepasyn. But here resith a dut, if  #
+te
body be plectoric and the passion old, minucion owth to be by   #
the
fyrst comandment done by antepasyn, by the last comandment by
methasentesyn. To +tis we say +tat plectoric preiudi+g+t,       #
(^i.e.^) , demy+t
afore, whe+tir forsoth the passion be newe or old, whilis       #
forsoth the
body plectoric be minysched be antepasyn. To +te forseyd        #
consederacioun
ys addyd to that yf the mater furios, (^i.e.^) , wode, as in    #
antrace,
+tofe +te bodi be plectoric, it ow+t to be done by              #
methisentesyn +tat
the furri ... mater be not drawyn to nobylle membris. Also yf   #
any
man be prickyd of venemus best as of serpent or of scorpion,
be hit done by methasentisyn yf hym nedys fleobotomie.
   Also hit ys to wyt that minucion ys done sumtyme by          #
apofresim,
(^i.e.^) , wi+tdrawyng ov+tir for multitude of humors or for    #
debylete
of the pacient. Where forso+t of autorus +tat in sinocha        #
inflative
& in asmite of sanguyne minucion owth to be done unto sincope,
(^i.e.^) , swonyng, defaylyng of hert. Which forso+t exschuyng  #
the
oppenion of +te comun peple do+t +tat ys equifolent, or euyn    #
+terto,
in minushynge by apoferesim as mech as owth to be withdrawn     #
after
+te consederacion of hem. Ouer +tat, yf +te pacient be feble,   #
be
<P 39>
+ter made minucion by apoferesim in mech quanlite & atwix +te
withdr[{a{]wyng be he refreshyd. Yt is to wyt as sey+t Galien   #
in
Metategni +tat if it owth to be done by apoferisim, be +te      #
flebotom
dippyd in oyle +tat the wond of +te flebotomie be leng holdyn   #
oppyn.
Also sum men of custum when +tey are flebotomyd swone+t; sech,  #
as
se+t Constantyne, be +tey refreshyd with ellectuary             #
comfortatyve
er +tey fleobotomie. If +tis ys hit that old men owth to be
fleobotomyd after mete when they have aboue slepp, yong men
forso+t affore mete, for old men are more feble, yong men more
strong. Also +ter is anothyre resone: for yong men sith +tey
abovnd with hote humoris owth to be flubotomid in +te ouyr of
hote humors - if blode abovnd, afore terce, if colere, atwix    #
terce
and none. Old men forso+t sith they abovnd with cold humors and
melancolie owth to be flubotomid in the ouyr of malencolie,     #
that
ys after none. Also sum have so thyk blode that the veyne       #
yponyd
ys vneth yput owte; sech afore fleubotomie are to be bathyd
[{and{] exercisid. Ouer +tat, as it is had in Megategni, if     #
any man
have a stomac defective & owi+t & febele, he owt to eschewe     #
flebotomie,
& moste (+to) +tat are made of veynes +tat are in +te           #
plicature or bowynge
of +te arme wheche are .v. veynes: Fyrst is cephalica,          #
(^i.e.^) ,
capitalis or hedd veyne; 2, mediana or cardiaca, (^i.e.^) ,     #
veyne of +te
herte; 3, epatica or bacilica, lyuer veyne; 4 is (\vena         #
purpurea\) ,
purpur veyne or corde of +te arme; 5, titilica or titillaris,   #
+ter
is a veyne aboue +te cubite or elbow whech is seid (\vena       #
pulmonia\) ,
(^i.e.^) , veyne of +te lunges. Flebotomie made of +tis helpi+t #
moche in
cardiaca & asmate, but +tis veyne when it is kitte is wont to   #
be
inflat or bolned.
   It is to wete +tat in flebotomie 4 +tyngis are principalli
attendid: (\sc.\) , custome, tyme, age, & vertue. In moste      #
hoote tyme
forso+t it owi+t not to be donne ne ful cold tyme ne in recent  #
or newe
mone. +Te reson or skelis is redi spede: in somere & moste      #
aboute
+te caniculere dayes mannys bodi ouer mersure is disoluyd; by
dissoluyng it is moche inaynyte or anentisi+t. +Terfor if by
flebotomie it be more inanyssched it is to eschewe or bewaer    #
+tat
<P 41>
+te pacient falle not into sum sekenesse of inanicioun. Ano+ter
reson +ter is for in so hoot tyme +ter is more trubblynge of    #
humorys
& by flebotomie it scholde be made more, +tat perauenture +ter
schold folowe som o+ter noynge. In ful colde tyme [{not{] to    #
be donne,
for +te humours are compatte & vnable to be brou+gte ou+gte, &  #
+tanne
good are ra+ter brow+gte +tanne euel. Also in newe mone it      #
owy+t not to
be don, for +tann bodiis [{are{] inanisched or voide of         #
humours & be
flebotomie +ter schold be more inanisched. Also coustome is to  #
be
attendid. If an holde man forso+te +tat is not wont to be       #
flebotomied,
fale or renne in ony sekenesse askynge flebotomie whe drede for
to flebotomie hym for vncustome & debilite or febilnesse. Also  #
age
is to be atendid, for wi+tinne +te 12 +gere owi+t non to be     #
flebotomyed,
ne holde men sett in holde age, for +tanne +tei abunde wi+t     #
colde humours.
Ner+teles +tis is not generale. +Tere are forso+te sum olde     #
men +tat
hare carnose & of sanguyne complexioun, haboundynge wi+t hoote  #
humurus
& are moche vigrose or strong, & siche are flebotomyed. Vertu   #
is
moste to be attendid; strong men forso+te owt to be minuschid,  #
not
feble forso+te. Wite +tu +tat vertu & age are more to be        #
attendid in
flebotomie +tanne tyme & custome bo+te.
   Tho seie in wiche sekenesse flebotomie helpid; begynne at
febres & first at efimera. Laborande in a febre efimera,        #
(\sc.\) , of
hotnesse, if vertu and age suffre, mynusche he of cephalica of
+te ri+gt arme in somere, in wynter of +te lifte. After +te     #
mynuschyng
take he zuccar ros. wi+t water colde, or wi+t water of ros. if  #
he be
ricche, & he shal be +te bettere. Laboryng wi+t effimera of     #
etynge
of hoot +tynge +te stomac inanissched, minusche he hym of       #
cephalica
of +te ry+gt arme in somer, of +te lift in wyntir. Aftir take   #
electuary
frigidam & confortatyue of +te lyuere as zuccar ros.,           #
triasandalis,
diarodoun abbatis sine musco. Laborynge wi+t efimera of         #
fastynge
or excerie or of coldenes of +te aire, eschewyng or war hym of
mynuschynge. Laborynge of efimera weche we sei synocham         #
inflativam,
mynusche hem of mediana of +te ry+gte arm in somer, in wyntir   #
of +te
lifte; & +tat be apoforesyn. Olde men minusched +te pacient be
sinocham (vnto) sincope, for double cause: for +te multidude of
matere or +terfore +tat in syncope is defaute; of mowyng of     #
+te hert
or defaylyng scuwi+t in frigidacat or coldyng of al +te bodi.
<P 43>
+Terfor, for in sinocha was moste distemperanse of heete, it    #
owi+t
to be minisched to sincop, +tat be +te coldenesse ybred
in of +te sincop so mych feruour brennyng or heete go away or   #
at
+te laste be mynusched or lesned. We forso+te dredynge +te
opynyoun of +te leude comoun peple, wi+tdrawi+t as myche tymes  #
as
+tei dide at ones, and of +te veyne mediana, for +tis skel: it
drawe+t or avoyde+t (as wel) as do+t +te lauere parties as +te
hupermore parties - it is made forso+te of +te branche of       #
basilica
& of +te branche of sephalica. Laboryng of efimera folwynde
apostum of +te brayne, as frenesi, if vertu & age sufre,        #
mynusche
of cephalice on +te ri+gt arme in somer, on +te lefte in wynter
& +tat to +te 4 day. But it is to wete +tat somme laboryng of   #
acut,
(^i.e.^) , agew, +te frensi comy+t aboue aftir +te 4 day.       #
Ne+tereles we
mynusche not +tise of ony of +te arme veynes; ne+terles we do   #
+tat is
equifolent or euen to. We opene +te hededes of +te veynes       #
beynge
in +te nostrillis wi+t bristlis of a sweyn or wi+t a stikke,    #
+tat +te
blod renne out a gret quantite. Laboryng wi+t sinocha or        #
efimera
folwyng apostum of +te heed, ater +te mynuschynge, take he      #
electuary
frigidaurum & confortative as zuccar ros. wi+t siripum ros. or  #
of
violette. Laborynge wit efimera folwynge litargie, if vertu &   #
age
sufre, mynusche hym of +te veyne beynge atuix +te +tombe & +te  #
schewyng
of +te lifte arme; aftir take +te zuccar ros. Laboryng efimera
folwyng apostum of +te splen, if vertu & age sufre, mynusche    #
of +te
veyne salvatilla weche is atwene +te leche fyngre & +te litil   #
fyngre
of +te lifte hande & take electuary. Laborynge efimera folwyng
squinancie, mynusche of cephalica of bo+te armes; aftir take    #
diamoron,
which if it be not hadde, gargarise he mel ros. wi+t            #
(decoccioun)
stiptik +tynge, as be+t ros., balistic, & c. Laboryng of        #
efimera
folwynge apostum of +te liuere, mynusche he hym of basilica of  #
+te ri+gte
arme; aftir he take electuary frigidum & confortative as        #
triasandle wi+t
som siryp of ros, or of violet. Labrynge of efimera folwynge of
aposteme of +te stomac, mynusche hym of +te veyne comynge to    #
+te litil
fyngere on +te ri+gt hannd; aftir, take electuary confortative  #
of +te
stomac as succar ros. or sirypus ros. or violet. Laboryng of    #
efimera
<P 45>
folowyng aposteme of +te bleddre or of +te reynes, mynusche he  #
hym of
sophena, weche strechid to +te ancle of +te foot or ellis +tat  #
+tat
strecchi+t to +te +tomble too of +te fotte: after do he as we   #
seide.
Laborynge of efimera folowyng of sidis of +te ribbis, mynusche  #
hym
of cardiaca, (^i.e.^) , mediana of +te ri+gte arme. Forso+te    #
+tat is
funden in (\Viatico\) , +tat +te labryng of pluresis owe to be  #
don of
basilica; +tis is +te skal & reson: +te autur considerid +te    #
spiritual
to be febled in +te pluresis; & if +ter schold be don           #
mynyscoun of
+te cardiaca, +tere scholde be mad mor febelynge. Laborynge of
efimera folwyng peripulmonie, mynusche he hym of +te veyne      #
beyinge
aboute +te cubit in +te ne+tirmore partie. Laborynge of         #
pluresie or of
peripulmonie, take after mynusch electuary frigidum &           #
moistynge of
+te wombe as diadragagantun, svme wi+t deccocioun of +te colde
sedis & citrulle, melonis, cucurbites, & cucumeres wi+t sum     #
anulo
lenetive or softyng as dragagant.
   It is left behynde to sei of febris putrid, and fyrste of
interpolates. +Terfore it is to wete +tat it semy+t ageynyst    #
resoun
to be flebothomyed in interpolates; flebotomye forso+te al only
bryngi+t out humeros wi+tin +te vestelis; febris forso+te       #
interpolates
al only ben made of humerous putrefacte wi+toute for+te, to     #
brynge
out of wech flebotomye semy+t not compotent or acordynge. To    #
weche
we sei it is compotent for 2 causes: for or humours contenyd    #
in +te
vessel, (^i.e.^) , veynes & brou+gt out be flebotomye is not    #
mynystrid
materie to +te place putride, or for +tat be flebotomye +te     #
veynes ar voide
[{and{] by cause of voidenesse ar drawe humourus wi+t outfor+t  #
contened.
And so oft tymes cece+t +te febire interpolates or +te fervour
or brynnynge hete is lessid, as is sene of +te 3=ne=, wiche     #
ofte tymes
is curid be flebotomye. Also it is to wete +tat in +te day of   #
accesse
& in +te houre of +te acsesse ouwi+t mynuscioun to be don if    #
+te pacient
be stronge +tat +te materie of +te sekenesse ymoved be more     #
li+gtli
brou+gt out, +tof al +tat olde men seme to wille or wesche.     #
+Tay
commande forso+te in +tat day of accesse, (^i.e.^) ,            #
interpolacoun,
to be mynuschid, & also a medicyne laxatif to be +geffen +tan.
<P 47>
Consederyng +te pacyent to be myche febled in +te day of        #
accesse &
for to be ouertrobleid be +te disese or hevynesse of +te        #
febre, and
if he ware +tane flebomyed or acatarthies, (^i.e.^) , laxatif   #
ygefen,
he scholde be more feblid & more perturbacoun or troblyng       #
schulde
be made in hym; and moste for +te bodiis beynge in more hoot    #
regiouns
was more feble +tan bodies being in colde regions. Whe forso+te
cosederynge +te body stronge, we fleubotomye hym +te accesse
bygynynge & we gif medicyne.
   Laboryng of codidian interpolate of flewme naturale, if +te
bodi be plectorik, mynusche he of mediana of +te ri+gthe arme   #
or of
+te lifte after +te forseid consederacoun. Labrynge of a        #
cotidiane
of dulce flewme or salse fleume, munusch of mediana or          #
basilica of
+te ri+gth arme or +te lefte; after mynuschynge take electuary  #
frigidum
& confortativum. Forso+te it befalli+t +te labrande of salse    #
fleume
for to have icchynge in +te ne+ter partie; to wech be more
scarifyinge in +te legge a palme, (\sc.\) , bout +te hele.      #
Laborynge
of a cotidian of fleume acetose if +te bodi be plectoric,       #
mynusche hym
of salvatilla of +te lifte hande weche atuxe +te litil fyngir   #
& +te
leche; after be don as we seide. Laborynge of a cotidiane of
fleume vitre no manere mynusche, but if +te bodi be ri+gt moch
plectorice. Laborynge of a tercyane of colera naturale,         #
mynusche
hym of basilica of +te ri+gt or lift arme after +te             #
consederacoun
yseide; take he electuary frigidum & humiditative of +te        #
breste,
for a tercianare is wont to have +te spirituales idryed.        #
Laborynge
of a terciane of colere citrine or vitelline if he have putride
humerous in +te veynes, do he as in terciana vera. It is to     #
wete
+tat of collere prassine & eruginose is not wont febre to be
brou+gt inne; +tay dwelle litil forso+te in +te bodi, for +te   #
nature
puttynge hem oute to +te outwarde parties for hastynes of is
meuyngis. Ne+teles if +tei habunde in +te stomac, mynusch he    #
as is seid
in 3ana vera; take electuary frigidum & confortative of +te     #
stomac, as
succar ros. & triasandalis. Laborynge of a quartayne of         #
melancolie
naturale, after +te 7th accese mynusche he hym of salvatilla    #
of +te
lift hand, weche propirli drawe+t out or avoide+t melancolious  #
humourus.
<P 49>
Laboryng of a quarteyne of melancoliie not naturale, mynusche   #
hym
of basilica of +te ri+gt or of +te left arme as in +te          #
terciane.
Laborynge of a double terciane or quartayne, mynusche him as is
seide in +te symple tercyane or quartane.
   It is to sei of acutes, (^i.e.^) , agues. Laboryng of        #
watsomeuer
day acute, mynusche hym to +te 4th day, not ouer +tat, for      #
+tanne is
wonte to be mad agment; in augment forso+te or in +te state     #
ouwi+t not
to be mynusched. Ne+teles it is to wete +tat in febris          #
peracutes,
(^i.e.^) , stronge brenyng agues, +te begynnyge last not        #
sumtyme ouer a
day & +tanne in +te firste day owi+t mynuschynge to be don, &   #
not
aftirwarde wes, for sey+t y ypocras: in ri+gt moche peracute    #
if it
spede do it +te same day; for to deferre for+tso+t or delay in  #
siche
it is euel. Labarynge of cotidiane contynuel or a tercian
contynuel or of synocha or of causon, if vertu & age suffre,    #
mynusch
of basilica or of cephalica +te lift or +te ri+gt arme aftir    #
+te
consideracoun yseide; aftir take electuary frigidum &           #
confortative,
as succar ros. & triasandalis wi+t sirupe of ros. or of         #
violett.
It is to weten +tat auturs tretyn of causon commaunde+t not
mynuschynge to be don, as it schewi+t in (\Viatica\) & in       #
(\Liber febris
Constantyny\) , & +tat be suche reson. In causon is moste       #
heete is in
drynesse ioned +terto weche is weston & file: +Tanne if +ter    #
were
made mynuschyng +te heet scholde be more sch[{a{]rped for +te   #
habundance
of blod ymynusched, weche ha+t to represse +te efecte of        #
drynes &
to scharpe het is +tat +tat is moste dred in causon. Men        #
forso+te
+tat be+t now beddi+t to be mynusched in causon in a litil      #
quantite,
+tat +tere be made a ventosynge alone & infrigidacoun,          #
(^i.e.^) ,
coldnes; after take electuary frigidum as succar ros. or        #
violeut
or gommes of sourre bredd +tres iwasche in g. colde watir.
Laborynge of +te etic, if vertu & (age) asuffre, mynusche he
hym of mediana or basilica of +te ry+gt or left arme, aftir +te
consideracoun yseide, & +tat in litil quantite. Laborynge in    #
+te
febre ethic ethic & also in euery longe sekenesse is wont       #
litil to be
corupt, wherefore it ouwi+t to be wi+t drawen +tat be is        #
conrupcoun
<P 51>
he hourte not rah+ter +tanne helpe; aftir take he electuary     #
frigitatum
& restauratif of humidite, as diadragagantum frigidum or sed or
infusum or som electuary to restore humydite or moystenes.
   Laborynge of whatsoeuere spise of +te dropesi, if vertu &    #
age
suffre, mynusch of basilica of +te ry+gt arme, moste in         #
tympanite and
ashite. Alexandire forso+te commandi+t a pacient leucoflamcie   #
to be
fleubotomyed; eu[{e{]l humourus forso+te if +tey be in veynes   #
ar
competenly brou+gt out be flebotomye. Aftir, electuary frigidum
confortatiue of +te lyuere; +te lyuere forso+te it is moche     #
wonte to
be febled. Laboryng of ictercian citrina, (^i.e.^) , gelow      #
iaundeyes,
& also of agriacape gasiliontes, (^i.e.^) , grene jawnes,       #
mynusche of
bacilica of +te ry+gt arme. Laboryng of malanchiroun, blac      #
jawnes,
mynusch of salvatilla of +te lifte hand, weche drawe+t          #
melancoliuus
humourus. Laboryng of manya, (^i.e.^) , melancolia, mynusche of #
+te
veyne beyng atuixe +te +tombe & +te schewyng fyngre of +te      #
lifte
hand, weche after sume men is seide matrix, after o+ter men     #
forso+te
(\vena mediana\) is seid matrix. Aftir +tis, if it be ned,      #
mynusche
he of +te veyne +tat is in +te mydis of front, weche veyne is   #
reseptacle
or resceyvynge of melancolie, & be +tat veyne moste kutt if +te
sekenesse be in +te hyndere selle, (^i.e.^) , partie of +te     #
hedd; wherfor
sei+t ipocras: +te hyndere partie of +te heed akynge, +te       #
ry+gt strey+gte
veyne +tat is in +te myddis of +te fronte ikutt, helpe+t.       #
Laboryng of
epymate or emoytoysi, if vertu & age sufre, mynusch he of +te   #
veyne
beyng aboute +te cubite, whech specialy we kytte agayne +te     #
vice or
trespace of +te lounges. Laboryng of chafyng of +te lyuere,     #
mynusche
of basilica of +te ry+gt arme. Laborynge of +te vice of +te     #
splen,
mynusche of salvatilla of +te lifte arme. Laborynge of vice of  #
+te
stomac, mynusche of salvatilla of ry+gt arme, & most if colre   #
be in
+te cause. Laborynge of vise of +te reynes, of +te vesice, or   #
of
+te matrix, of colico, or yliaco, or of apostem, & it be sene   #
+tat
flebotomye helpe, mynusche of sophena wi+tin for+te. +Tat not   #
ifonde,
be +tat kutt +tat is dressid to +te +tombe too of +te foot.     #
Laborynge
of mormale beyng in +te louere partie, mynusch he firste of     #
basilica
of +te lifte or ry+gt arme. Aftir if it be ned, of sophena; &   #
at +te
<P 53>
laste he be scarefied in +te leggis. Laborynge of +te potagre,
mynusch firste of basilica, after of sophena. Laboryng of       #
sciati[{c{]a
& moost of hoot cause, mynusche hym of sophena wi+tout for+t -  #
weche
of constantyn is seide sciatica - for it avayle+t agayne        #
sciatice
pascoun. [\Latin text ends; English text continues.\] It is to  #
wete
aftir some men +tat it is not to mynusch in tercianes           #
interpolat but
after +te 4th or 5th accesse, & on +te same wise in o+ter       #
febris
interpolat. Also wete +tat is warli to be don in mynuschyng     #
for +ter
comy+t oft tymes moche pereiles: for som tyme men felyn         #
prickynge of
som euel materie aboute +te skyn & +te spondiles & gret         #
gernouses,
& of +tis +tus it is perceyued +tat +te materies wi+toute +te   #
veynes be,
but +tat materie +tat is wi+tout veynes as oftetymes is         #
venymouse as
it schewit in carbounkelis & carancres & antrax is sike like,   #
weche
ileide to wi+tinne veynes, it sle+te. Wherefor som vnwise men
after +te consayle of o+ter onwise men will +tann mynusche      #
hem, & of
+tat folwi+t a werse errore +tann +te firste. For +te materie   #
+tat was
w[{i{]toute +te weynes be flebotomye is drawen to wi+tinne +te  #
veynes;
+tann falli+t & continewe febre & so oftyn time de+t. Also som  #
men 
when +tei have a febre interpolat where +te materie is wi+tout  #
+te
veynes, maki+t hem to be mynusch & falli+t into continell       #
febre;
for whi: as afore, +te materie +tat was firste wi+touten        #
vestellis
is brou+gt be fleubotomye to wi+tinne +te verccelis & so de+t.
   Also it is to wete +tat unwarf man or onavisid mynuscheris   #
or
blodlateris oftymes erryn in flebotomynge. For after +tat       #
Avicenna,
Walter, & Galien, & o+ter auturis also will +tat as ofte tymes  #
or as
euer undir every veyne of +te bodi whech is to be mynusched is  #
an
arterie undir. Wherefor somtyme it befali+t +tat +te unware     #
mynuschere
fro +te veyne smyti+t +te arterie & al +te arme is bolnyd.      #
Also som tyme
+tey ar so royde or boystus +tat in smytynge wi+t +te fyngere   #
or sum
like +tynge, +te perce +te veyne vnto +te arterie be +te        #
mydde; & +tan
sometyme renny+t +te blod inwarde as outward & it standi+t      #
+tere, is
putrified & is made as ware, made venym; & +tann also +te arme  #
bolny+t &
more now for 2 causes: on, for +te blod renny+t inwade;         #
ano+ter for +te
arterrie is kut be +te mydde of +te veyne & so falli+t moste    #
pereile,
for as ofte tyme de+t. Wherefore sekirnesse is more for to      #
slit +te
veynes aftir leng+te wi+t an instrument as warkyfe as ha+t      #
French men &
o+tire also, & namely +to +tat han streyte veynes. And of       #
fleubotomye
+tese +tynge[{s{] sufisyn; after Maister Henricus               #
Wyntonyensis. Amen.



<B CMBOETH>
<Q M3 XX PHILO BOETHCH> 
<N BOETH CHAUCER> 
<A CHAUCER GEOFFREY> 
<C M3> 
<O 1350-1420> 
<M 1350-1420> 
<K X> 
<D EMO> 
<V PROSE> 
<T PHILOSOPHY> 
<G TRANSL> 
<F LATIN/FRENCH> 
<W WRITTEN> 
<X MALE> 
<Y 20-40> 
<H PROF HIGH> 
<U X> 
<E X> 
<J INTERACTIVE> 
<I X> 
<Z X> 
<S SAMPLE X> 
 

[^CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  BOETHIUS.
THE RIVERSIDE CHAUCER.
THIRD EDITION.
GENERAL EDITOR L. D. BENSON.
BASED ON THE WORKS OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER,
EDITED BY F. N. ROBINSON.
BOSTON: HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY, 1987. 
PP. 429.C1.1 - 431.C1.195      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 431.C2.1 - 434.C1.250      (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 434.C2.1 - 436.C2.230      (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 446.C2.1 - 449.C2.300      (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 450.C2.1 - 454.C2.376      (SAMPLE 5)^]
 
<S SAMPLE 1>  
<P 429.C1> 
[} (\HACTENUS MENDACIS FORMAM.\) - PROSA 9}] 
 
   "It suffiseth that I have schewyd hiderto the 
forme of fals welefulnesse, so that yif thou loke 
now cleerly, the ordre of myn entencioun requireth 
from hennes forth to schewe the verray 
welefulnesse." 
   "For sothe," quod I, "I se wel now that suffisaunce 
may nat comen by rychesse, ne power 
by remes, ne reverence by dignites, ne gentilesse 
by glorie, ne joie be delices." 
   "And hastow wel knowen the causes," 
quod sche, "whi it es?" 
   "Certes me semeth," quod I, "that Y see hem 
ryght as thoughe it were thurw a litil clyfte, but 
me were levere knowen hem more opynly of 
the." 
   "Certes," quod sche, "the resoun is al redy. 
For thilke thyng that symply is o thyng withouten 
ony devysioun, the errour and folie of 
mankynde departeth and divideth it, and 
mysledeth it and transporteth from verray 
and parfit good to godes that ben false and 
inparfit. But seye me this. Wenestow that he 
that hath nede of power, that hym ne lakketh 
nothyng?" 
   "Nay," quod I. 
   "Certes," quod sche, "thou seyst aryght; for 
if so be that ther is a thyng that in ony partie 
be feblere of power, certes, as in that, it moot 
nedes be nedy of foreyne help." 
   "Ryght so is it," quod I. 
   "Suffisaunce and power ben thanne of  
o kynde?" 
   "So semeth it," quod I. 
   "And demestow," quod sche, "that a thyng 
that is of this manere ( (^that is to seyn, suffisaunt 
and mighty^) ) oughte ben despised, or ellis that 
it be right digne of reverence aboven alle 
thynges?" 
   "Certes," quod I, "it nys no doute that it 
nys right worthy to ben reverenced." 
   "Lat us," quod sche, "adden thanne reverence 
to suffisaunce and to power, so that we 
demen that thise thre thynges be al o thyng." 
<P 429.C2>
   "Certes," quod I, "lat us adden it, yif we 
wiln graunten the sothe." 
   "What demestow thanne," quod sche, "is 
that a dirk thyng and nat noble that is suffisaunt, 
reverent, and myghty; or elles that it is 
ryght noble and ryght cleer by celebrete of 
renoun? Considere thanne," quod sche, "as 
we han grauntide hirbyfore, that he that ne 
hath nede of no thyng and is moost myghty 
and moost digne of honour, if hym nedeth ony 
cleernesse of renoun, whiche clernesse he myght 
nat graunten of hymself; so that for lak of 
thilke cleernesse he myghte seme the feblere 
on any side, or the more outcast." ( (^Glose. This 
to seyn, nay; for whoso that is suffisaunt, 
myghty, and reverent, clernesse of renoun 
folweth of the forseyde thynges; he hath it 
al redy of his suffysaunce.^) ) 
   (^Boece.^) "I mai nat," quod I, "denye it, but I 
moot granten, as it is, that this thyng be ryght 
celebrable by clernesse of renoun and noblesse." 
   "Thanne folweth it," quod sche, "that we  
adden clernesse of renoun to the thre forseyde 
thynges, so that there ne be amonges hem no 
difference." 
   "This is a consequence," quod I. 
   "This thyng thanne," quod sche, "that ne  
hath nede of no foreyne thyng, and that 
may don alle thynges by hise strengthis, and 
that is noble and honourable, nys nat that a 
myry thyng and a joyful?" 
   (^Boece.^) "But whennes," quod I, "that any sorwe 
myghte comen to this thyng that is swiche, 
certes I mai nat thynke." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "Thanne mote we graunten," 
quod sche, "that this thing be ful of gladnesse, 
if the forseide thynges ben sothe; 
and certes also mote we graunten that suffisaunce,  
power, noblesse, reverence, and gladnesse 
be oonly diverse by names, but hir substaunce  
hath no diversite." 
   (^Boece.^) "It moot nedly ben so," quod I. 
   (^Philosophie.^) "Thilke thyng thanne," quod 
sche, "that is oon and symple in his nature, the 
wikkidnesse of men departeth it and divideth 
it; and whanne thei enforcen hem to gete 
partie of a thyng that ne hath no part, thei 
ne geten hem neyther thilke partie that nis 
noon, ne the thyng al hool that thei ne desire 
nat." 
   (^Boece.^) "In whiche manere?" quod I. 
<P 430.C1>
   (^Philosophie.^) "Thilke man," quod sche, "that 
seketh richesse to fleen poverte, he ne travaileth 
hym nat for to geten power, for he hath 
lever to ben dirk and vyl; and eek withdraweth 
from hymself manye naturel delites, for he 
nolde leese the moneie that he hath assembled. 
But certes in this manere he ne 
geteth hym nat suffisance, that power forleteth, 
and that moleste prikketh, and that filthe maketh 
outcaste, and that dirknesse hideth. And 
certes he that desireth oonly power, he wasteth 
and scatereth rychesse, and despyseth delices 
and eek honour that is withoute power, ne he 
ne preiseth glorie nothyng. Certes thus seestow 
wel that manye thynges failen to hym, for 
he hath som tyme defaute of manye necessites, 
and manye anguysshes byten hym; 
and whan he ne mai nat do tho defautes awey, 
he forletith to ben myghty, and that is the 
thyng that he moost desireth. And ryght thus 
mai I make semblable resouns of honours, and 
of glorie, and of delyces; for so as every of 
thise forseide thinges is the same that thise 
othere thynges ben ( (^that is to seyn, al oon 
thyng^) ), whoso that evere seketh to geten 
the toon of thise, and nat the tothir, he ne 
geteth nat that he desireth." 
   (^Boece.^) "What seystow thanne, yif that a 
man coveyte to geten alle thise thynges 
togidre?" 
   (^Philosophie.^) "Certes," quod sche, "I wolde 
seye, that he wolde geten hym sovereyn blisfulnesse; 
but that schal he nat fynde in tho 
thynges that I have schewed that ne mowen 
nat yeven that thei byheeten?" 
   (^Boece.^) "Certes no," quod I. 
   "Thanne," quod sche, "ne sholde men 
nat by no weye seken blisfulnesse in siche 
thynges as men wenen that they ne mowen 
yeven but o thyng sengly of al that men 
seken." 
   (^Boece.^) "I graunte wel," quod I, "ne no  
sothere thyng ne may be seyd." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "Now hastow thanne," quod 
sche, "the forme and the causes of fals 
welefulnesse. Now torne and flytte the 
eighen of thi thought, for ther shaltow 
seen anoon thilke verray blisfulnesse that I 
have behyght the." 
<P 430.C2>
   (^Boece.^) "Certes." quod I, "it is cler and opene, 
theyghe it were to a blynd man; and that 
schewedestow me ful wel a litel herbyforn, 
whan thow enforcedest the to schewe me the 
causes of the fals blisfulnesse. For, but if I be 
begiled, thanne is thilke the verray parfit 
blisfulnesse that parfitly maketh a man suffisaunt, 
myghty, honourable, noble, and 
ful of gladnesse. And for thow schalt wel 
knowe that I have wel undirstonden thise 
thinges withynne myn herte, I knowe wel that 
thilke blisfulnesse that may verrayly yeven on 
of the forseyde thynges, syn thei ben alle oon 
- I knowe dowtelees that thilke thyng is the 
ful blysfulnesse." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "O my nory," quod sche, 
"by this opynyoun I seie that thow art 
blisful, yif thow putte this therto that I 
schal seyn." 
   "What is that?" quod I. 
   "Trowestow that ther be any thyng in this 
erthly, mortel, toumblynge thynges that may 
brynge this estat?" 
   "Certes," quod I, "Y trowe it nought; and 
thow hast schewyd me wel that over thilke good 
ther nys no thyng more to ben desired." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "Thise thynges thanne," 
quod sche ( (^that is to seyn, erthly 
suffysaunce and power and swiche thynges^) ),
"outher thei semen lyknesses of verray good, or 
elles it semeth that thei yeve to mortel folk a 
maner of goodes that ne be nat parfyt. But thilke 
good that is verray and parfyt, that mai thei nat 
yeven." 
   (^Boece.^) "I accorde me wel," quod I. 
   (^Philosophie.^) "Thanne," quod sche, "for as 
moche as thou hast knowen whiche is thilke 
verray blisfulnesse, and eek whiche thilke 
thynges ben that lyen falsly blisfulnesse ( (^that is 
to seyn, that be deceyte semen verray goodes^) ), 
now byhoveth the to knowe, whennes and 
where thow mowe seke thilke verrai 
blisfulnesse." 
   "Certes," quod I, "that desire I gretly and 
have abyden longe tyme to herkne it." 
   "But for as moche," quod sche, "as it 
liketh to my disciple Plato, in his book of 
(\In Thymeo\) , that in ryght litel thynges men 
<P 431.C1>
schulde byseche the help of God, what juggestow 
that be now to done, so that we may 
desserve to fynde the seete of thilk sovereyn 
good?"   
 
<S SAMPLE 2> 
<P 431.C2> 
[} (\QUONIAM IGITUR QUE SIT.\) - PROSA 10}] 
 
   "For as moche thanne as thow hast seyn 
whiche is the fourme of good that nys nat parfit, 
and whiche is the forme of good that is parfit, 
now trowe I that it were good to schewe in 
what this perfeccioun of blisfulnesse is set. 
And in this thing I trowe that we schulde first 
enquere for to witen, yf that any swich maner 
good as thilke good that thow hast dyffinysshed 
a litel herebyforn ( (^that is to seyn, sovereyn 
good^) ) may be founde in the nature of 
thinges, for that veyn ymagynacioun of 
thought ne desceyve us nat, and put us out of 
the sothfastnesse of thilke thing that is summytted  
to us. But it may nat be denyed that 
thilke good ne is, and that it nys ryght as a 
welle of alle goodes. For alle thing that is 
cleped inparfyt is proevid inparfit be the 
amenusynge of perfeccioun or of thing that is 
parfit. And herof cometh it that in every 
thing general, yif that men seen any thing 
that is inparfit, certes in thilke general ther 
moot ben som thing that is parfit. For yif so be 
that perfeccioun is don awey, men may nat 
thinke ne say fro whennes thilke thing is that 
is cleped inparfyt. For the nature of thinges ne 
took nat hir begynnynge of thinges amenused 
and inparfit, but it procedith of thinges that 
ben alle hole and absolut, and descendith so 
doun into uttereste thinges and into thinges 
<P 432.C1>
empty and withouten fruyt. But, as I have 
schewid a litel herebyforn that yif ther be 
a blisfulnesse that be freel and veyn and inparfyt, 
ther may no man doute that ther nys 
som blisfulnesse that is sad, stedefast, and 
parfyt." 
   (^Boece.^) "This is concluded," quod I, "feermely 
and soothfastly." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "But considere also," quod sche, 
"in whom this blisfulnesse enhabiteth. The 
comune accordaunce and conceyt of the 
corages of men proveth and graunteth that 
God, prince of alle thinges, is good. For, so as 
nothyng mai ben thought betere than God, it 
mai nat ben douted thanne that he that no 
thinge nys betere, that he nys good. Certes resoun 
scheweth that God is so good that it 
proeveth by verray force that parfyt good is in 
hym. For yif God nys swyche, he ne mai nat be 
prince of alle thinges; for certes somthing 
possessyng in itself parfyt good schulde be 
more worthy than God, and it scholde 
semen that thilke thing were first and eldere than 
God. For we han schewyd apertely that alle 
thinges that ben parfyt ben first er thynges that 
ben inparfit; and forthy, for as moche as that 
my resoun or my proces ne go nat awey withouten 
an ende, we owe to graunte that the 
sovereyn God is ryght ful of sovereyn parfit 
good. And we han establissched that the 
sovereyne good is verray blisfulnesse. 
Thanne moot it nedis be that verray blisfulnesse 
is set in sovereyn God." 
   (^Boece.^) "This take I wel," quod I, "ne this 
ne mai nat be withseid in no manere." 
   "But I preye the," quod sche, "see now how 
thou mayst proeven holily and withoute corrupcioun  
this that I have seid, that the sovereyn 
God is ryght ful of sovereyne good." 
   "In whiche manere?" quod I. 
   "Wenestow aught," quod sche, "that this  
prince of alle thynges have itake thilke sovereyne 
good anywher out of hymself, of whiche 
sovereyne good men proeveth that he is ful; 
ryght as thou myghtest thenken that God, that 
hath blisfulnesse in hymself, and thilke blisfulnesse 
that is in hym, were divers in substaunce? 
For yif thow wene that God have resseyved 
<P 432.C2>
thilke good out of hymself, thow mayst wene 
that he that yaf thilke good to God be more 
worth than is God. But I am beknowe and 
confesse, and that ryght dignely, that God 
is ryght worthy aboven alle thinges. And yif 
so be that this good be in hym by nature, but 
that it is dyvers from hym by wenynge resoun, 
syn we speke of God prynce of alle thynges,   
feyne who so feyne mai who was he that 
hath conjoyned thise divers thynges togidre. 
And eek at the laste se wel that a thing that is 
divers from any thing, that thilke thing nys 
nat that same thing fro whiche it es undirstonden 
to be diverse. Thanne folweth it 
that thilke thing that be his nature is divers  
from sovereyn good, that that thyng nys nat 
sovereyn good; but certes it were a felenous 
cursydnesse to thinken that of hym that no 
thing nys more worth. For alwey, of alle 
thinges, the nature of hem ne may nat ben betere 
thanne hir begynnynge. For whiche I mai concluden 
by ryght verray resoun that thilke 
that is begynnynge of alle thinges, thilke 
same thing is sovereyn good in his 
substaunce." 
   (^Boece.^) "Thow hast seyd ryghtfully," quod I. 
   (^Philosophie.^) "But we han graunted," quod 
sche, "that the sovereyn good is blisfulnesse." 
   "That is sooth," quod I. 
   "Thanne," quod sche, "moten we nedes 
granten and confessen that thilke same sovereyn 
good be God?" 
   "Certes," quod I, "Y ne may nat denye  
ne withstonde the resouns purposed; and 
I se wel that it folweth by strengthe of the 
premisses." 
   "Loke now," quod sche, "yif this be proevid 
yet more fermely thus, that there ne mowen not 
ben two sovereyn goodis that ben divers among 
hemself. For certes the goodis that ben divers 
among hemself, the toon is nat that that the 
tothir is; thanne ne mowen neither of hem 
ben parfit, so as eyther of hem lakketh to 
othir. But that that nys nat parfit, men 
mai seen apertely that it nys not sovereyn. The 
thinges thanne that ben sovereynly gode ne 
mowe by no weie be divers. But I have wel 
concluded that blisfulnesse and God ben the 
sovereyn good; for whiche it mote nedes be that 
sovereyne blisfulnesse is sovereyn devynite." 
<P 433.C1>
   "No thing," quod I, "nys more sothfaste than 
this, ne more ferme by resoun, ne a more 
worthy thing than God mai not ben 
concluded." 
(^Philosophie.^) "Upon thise thynges thanne," quod 
sche, "ryght as thise geometriens whan thei han 
schewed her proposicions ben wont to bryngen 
yn thinges that thei clepen porismes or declaracions 
of forseide thinges, right so wol I yeve 
the here as a corolarie or a meede of coroune. 
Forwhy, for as moche as by the getynge of blisfulnesse 
men ben makid blisful, and blisfulnesse  
is dyvinite, than is it manifest and 
open that by the getynge of dyvinite men 
ben makid blisful. Right as by the getynge of 
justise [{men ben maked just{] , and be the gettynge 
of sapience thei ben maked wise, ryght so 
nedes by the semblable resoun, whan they han 
geten dyvinite thei ben maked goddes. Thanne 
is every blisful man God. But certes by nature 
ther nys but o God; but by the participacioun 
of dyvinite ther ne let ne distourbeth nothyng 
that ther ne ben many goddis." 
   "This ys," quod I, "a fair thing and a 
precious, clepe it as thou wilt, be it corolarie, or 
porisme, or mede of coroune, or declarynges." 
   "Certes," quod sche, "nothing nys fairere 
than is the thing that by resoun schulde ben 
addide to thise forseide thinges." 
   "What thing?" quod I. 
   "So, quod sche, "as it semeth that blisfulnesse 
conteneth many thinges, it weere for 
to witen whether that alle thise thinges 
maken or conjoynen as a maner body of 
blisfulnesse by diversite of parties or membres, 
or elles yif ony of alle thilke thinges ben swich 
that it acomplise by hymself the substaunce of 
blisfulnesse, so that alle thise othere thynges 
ben referrid and brought to blisfulnesse ( (^that 
is to seyn, as to the cheef of hem^) )." 
   "I wolde," quod I, "that thow madest me 
clerly to undirstonde what thou seist, and 
that thou recordidest me the forseide 
thinges." 
   "Have I not jugged," quod sche, "that blisfulnesse 
is good?" 
   "Yys for sothe," quod I, "and that sovereyn 
good." 
   "Adde thanne," quod sche, "thilke good that 
is maked blisfulnesse to alle the forseide 
<P 433.C2>
thinges. For thilke same blisfulnesse [{is{] 
demed to ben sovereyn suffisaunce, thilke 
selve is sovereyn power, sovereyn reverence, 
sovereyn clernesse or noblesse, and 
sovereyn delyt. What seistow thanne of alle 
thise thinges, that is to seyn, suffisaunce, power, 
and thise othere thinges, - ben thei thanne as 
membris of blisfulnesse, or ben they reffered 
and brought to sovereyne good ryght as alle 
thinges [{ben{] brought to the cheef of hem?" 
   (^Boece.^) "I undirstonde wel," quod I, "what 
thou purposest to seke, but I desire for  
to herkne that thow schewe it me." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "Tak now thus the discrecioun 
of this questioun," quod sche; "yif alle thise 
thinges," quod sche, "weren membris to felicite, 
thanne weren thei dyverse that on fro that 
othir. And swich is the nature of parties or of 
membres, that diverse membris compounen a 
body." 
   "Certes," quod I, "it hath wel ben schewyd 
herebyforn that alle thise thinges ben 
al o thyng." 
   "Thanne ben thei none membres," quod 
sche, "for elles it schulde seme that blisfulnesse 
were conjoyned al of o membre allone; 
but that is a thing that mai not ben don." 
   "This thing," quod I, "nys not doutous; but 
I abide to herknen the remenaunt of the 
question." 
   "This is opene and cler," quod sche, "that 
alle othere thinges ben referrid and 
brought to good. For therfore is suffisaunce 
requerid, for it is demyd to ben 
good; and forthy is power requirid, for men 
trowen also that it be good; and this same thing 
mowen we thinken and conjecten of reverence, 
and of noblesse, and of delyt. Thanne is sovereyn 
good the somme and the cause of al that 
oughte ben desired; forwhy thilke thing that 
withholdeth no good in itselve, ne semblance 
of good, it ne mai not wel in no 
manere be desired ne requerid. And the 
contrarie; for thoughe that thinges by here 
nature ne ben not gode, algates yif men wene 
that thei ben gode, yet ben thei desired as 
theigh that thei were verrayliche gode; and 
therefore is it that men oughte to wene by ryghte 
that bounte be the sovereyn fyn and the cause 
of alle the thinges that ben to requiren. But 
certes thilke that is cause for whiche men 
<P 434.C1>
requiren any thing, it semeth that thilke 
same thing be moost desired. As thus: yf 
that a wyght wolde ryden for cause of hele, 
he ne desireth not so mochel the moevyng to 
ryden, as the effect of his hele. Now thanne, 
syn that alle thynges ben required for the grace 
of good, thei ne ben not desired of alle folk 
more than the same good. But we han grauntide 
that blisfulnesse is that thing for whiche that 
alle thise othere thinges ben desired; thanne 
is it thus that certes oonly blysfulnesse is 
requered and desired. By whiche thing it 
scheweth cleerly that of good and of blisfulnesse 
is al on and the same substaunce." 
   "I se nat," quod I, "wherfore that men 
myghten discorden in this." 
   "And we han schewed that God and verray 
blisfulnesse is al o thing." 
   "That is sooth," quod I. 
   "Thanne mowen we concluden sykerly, that 
the substaunce of God is set in thilke same 
good, and in noon other place.   
 
<S SAMPLE 3> 
<P 434.C2> 
[} (\ASSENCIOR INQUAM CUNCTA.\) - PROSA 11}] 
 
   (^Boece.^) "I assente me," quod I, "for alle thise 
thinges ben strongly bounden with ryght ferme 
resouns." 
   "How mychel wiltow preysen it," quod sche, 
"yif that thow knowe what thilke good is?" 
   "I wol preyse it," quod I, "be pris withouten 
ende, yif it schal betyde me to knowe also togidre 
God that is good." 
   "Certes," quod sche, "that schal I [{undo{] 
the be verray resoun, yif that tho 
thinges that I have concluded a litel herebyforn 
duellen only in hir first grauntynge." 
   (^Boece.^) "Thei dwellen graunted to the," quod 
I. ( (^This to seyn as who seith, "I graunte thi 
forseide conclusyouns."^) ) 
   "Have I nat schewed the," quod sche, "that 
the thinges that ben required of many folk ne 
ben not verray goodis ne parfite, for thei ben 
divers that on fro that othir; and so as iche 
of hem is lakkynge to othir, thei ne han no 
power to bryngen a good that is ful and 
absolut; but thanne at erste ben thei verraye 
good, whan thei ben gadred togidre [{als{] into o 
forme and into oon werkynge, so that thilke 
thing that is suffisaunce, thilke same be power, 
and reverence, and noblesse, and myrthe; and 
for sothe, but yif alle thise thinges ben alle o 
same thing, thei ne han not wherby that thei 
mowen be put in the nombre of thinges 
that oughten ben required or desired?" 
   (^Boece.^) "It is schewyd," quod I, "ne herof 
mai ther no man douten." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "The thinges thanne," quod sche, 
"that ne ben none goodis whan thei ben diverse, 
and whanne thei bygynnen to ben al o thing, 
thanne ben thei goodes - ne cometh it hem nat 
thanne be the getynge of unyte that thei ben 
maked goodes?" 
   (^Boece.^) "So it semeth," quod I. 
   "But alle thing that is good," quod sche, 
"grauntestow that it be good by the participacioun  
of good, or no?" 
   "I graunte it," quod I. 
<P 435.C1>
   "Thanne mustow graunten," quod sche, "by 
semblable resoun that oon and good be o same 
thing; for of thinges of whiche that the effect nys 
nat naturely divers, nedes the substaunce moot 
be oo same thing." 
   "I ne may nat denye it," quod I. 
   "Hastow nat knowen wel," quod sche, 
"that alle thing that is hath so longe his 
duellynge and his substaunce as longe as it es 
oon, but whanne it forletith to be oon, it moot 
nedys deien and corrumpen togidres?" 
   "In whiche manere?" quod I. 
   "Ryght as in beestes," quod sche, "whanne 
the soule and the body ben conjoyned in oon 
and dwellen togidre, it es cleped a beeste; and 
whanne her unyte is destroyed be the 
disseveraunce the toon fro the tothir, 
thanne scheweth it wel that it is a deed 
thing, and that it nys no lengere no beeste. And 
the body of a wyght, while it duelleth in oo 
fourme be conjunccion of membris, it is wel 
seyn that it is a figure of mankynde; and yif 
the parties of the body ben so devyded and 
disseverid the ton fro the tother that thei destroyen 
unite, the body forletith to ben that it was 
beforn. And whoso wolde renne in the 
same manere be alle thinges, he scholde 
seen that withouten doute every thing is in 
his substaunce as longe as it is oon; and whanne 
it forletith to ben oon, it dyeth and peryssheth." 
   (^Boece.^) "Whanne I considere," quod I, "manye 
thinges, I se noon other." 
   "Is ther any thing thanne," quod sche, "that 
in as moche as it lyveth naturely, that forletith 
the talent or the appetyt of his beynge and 
desireth to come to deth and to 
corrupcioun?" 
   "Yif I considere," quod I, "the beestes 
that han any maner nature of wyllynge and of 
nyllynge, I ne fynde no beeste, but if it be 
constreyned fro withoute-forth, that forletith or 
despiseth the entencion to lyven and to duren; 
or that wole, his thankes, hasten hym to dyen. 
For every beest travaileth hym to defende and 
kepe the savacion of his lif, and eschueth deeth 
and destruccioun. But certes I doute me of  
herbes and of trees [{and{] I am in a doute 
of swiche thinges [{as{] ne han no felyng 
soules (ne no naturel werkynges servynge to 
appetites as beestes han, whether thei han 
appetyt to duellen and to duren). 
<P 435.C2>
   "Certes," quod sche, "ne therof thar the nat 
doute. Now looke upon thise herbes and thise 
trees. They wexen first in suche places as ben 
covenable to hem, in whiche places thei mowen 
nat sone deye ne dryen, as longe as hir 
nature mai defenden hem. For some of 
hem waxen in feeldis, and some in mountaynes, 
and othere waxen in mareys, and 
othre cleven on roches, and some wexen 
plentyvous in soondes; and yif any wyght 
enforce hym to bere hem into other places, thei 
wexen drye. For nature yeveth to every thing 
that that is convenient to hym, and travailleth 
that they ne deie nat, as longe as thei han power 
to duellen and to lyven. What wiltow seyn 
of this, that thei drawen alle here 
norysschynges by here rootes, ryght as thei 
hadden here mouthes yplounged withynne the 
erthes, and sheden be hir maryes hir wode and 
hir bark? And what wyltow seyn of this, that 
thilke thing that is ryght softe, as the marie is, 
that it is alwey hyd in the seete al withinne, and 
that it is defended fro withoute by the 
stedfastnesse of wode, and that the outreste bark 
is put ayens the distemperaunce of the 
hevene as a deffendour myghty to suffren 
harm? And thus certes maistow wel seen 
how greet is the diligence of nature; for alle 
thinges renovelen and publysschen hem with 
seed ymultiplied, ne ther nys no man that ne 
woot wel that they ne ben ryght as a foundement 
and edifice for to duren, noght oonly for a tyme, 
but ryght as for to dure perdurably by 
generacion. 
   And the thinges eek that men wenen ne 
haven none soules, ne desire thei nat, iche 
of hem, by semblable resoun to kepyn that 
that is hirs ( (^that is to seyn, that is accordynge 
to hir nature in conservacioun of hir beynge 
and endurynge^) )? For wherfore ellis bereth 
lightnesse the flaumbes up, and the weyghte 
presseth the erthe adoun, but for as moche as 
thilke places and thilke moevynges ben covenable 
to everyche of hem? And forsothe every 
thing kepeth thilke that is accordynge 
and propre to hym, ryght as thinges that 
ben contrarious and enemys corrumpen 
hem. And yet the harde thinges, as stones, 
<P 436.C1>
clyven and holden here parties togidere ryght 
faste and harde, and defenden hem in 
withstondynge that thei ne departe nat lyghtly 
atwynne. And the thinges that ben softe and 
fletynge, as is watir and eyr, thei departen 
lyghtly and yeven place to hem that breken or 
divyden hem; but natheles they retorne 
sone ageyn into the same thinges fro 
whennes thei ben arraced; but fyer fleeth 
and refuseth alle dyvisioun. 
   "Ne I ne trete not here now of willeful 
moevynges of the soule that is knowyng, but of 
the naturel entencioun of thinges, as thus: ryght 
as we swolwen the mete that we resseyven and 
ne thinke nat on it, and as we drawen our breeth 
in slepynge that we witen it nat while we slepyn. 
For certes in the beestis the love of hire 
lyvynges ne of hire beynges ne cometh 
not of the wilnynges of the soule, but of 
the bygynnynges of nature. For certes, thurw 
constreynynge causes, wil desireth and embraceth 
ful ofte tyme the deeth that nature 
dredeth. ( (^That is to seyn as thus: that a man 
may be constreyned so, by som cause, that his 
wille desireth and taketh the deeth whiche 
that nature hateth and dredeth ful sore.^) ) And 
somtyme we seen the contrarye, as thus: 
that the wil of a wyght distourbeth and 
constreyneth that that nature desireth and 
requirith alwey, that is to seyn the werk of 
generacioun, by whiche generacioun only 
duelleth and is susteyned the longe durablete of 
mortel thinges. And thus this charite and this 
love, that every thing hath to hymself, ne 
cometh not of the moevynge of the soule, but of 
the entencioun of nature. For the purveaunce of 
God hath yeven to thinges that ben creat of 
hym this, that is a ful grete cause to lyven 
and to duren, for whiche they desiren 
naturely here lif as longe as evere thei mowen. 
For which thou mayst not drede be no manere 
that alle the thinges that ben anywhere, that thei 
ne requiren naturely the ferme stablenesse of 
perdurable duellynge, and eek the eschuynge of 
destruccioun." 
   (^Boece.^) "Now confesse I wel," quod I, "that Y 
see wel now certeynly withouten doutes 
the thinges that whilom semeden uncerteyn 
to me." 
   (^Philosophie.^) "But," quod sche, "thilke thing 
that desireth to be and to duelle perdurably, he 
<P 436.C2>
desireth to ben oon. For yif that oon were 
destroyed, certes, beynge schulde ther noon 
duellen to no wyght." 
   "That is sooth," quod I. 
   "Thanne," quod sche, "desiren alle thinges 
oon." 
   "I assente," quod I. 
   "And I have schewed," quod sche, "that 
thilke same oon is thilke that is good." 
   (^Boece.^) "Ye, forsothe," quod I. 
   "Alle thinges thanne," quod sche, "requiren 
good; and thilke good thow mayst descryven 
ryght thus: good is thilk thing that every wyght 
desireth." 
   "Ther ne may be thought," quod I, "no more 
verraye thing. For eyther alle thinges ben 
referrid and brought to noght, and floteren 
withouten governour, despoyled of oon as 
of hire propre heved; or elles, yif ther be any 
thing to whiche that alle thinges tenden and 
hyen to, that thing muste ben the sovereyn good 
of alle goodes." 
   (^Philosophie.^) Thanne seide sche thus: "O my 
nory," quod sche, "I have greet gladnesse of 
the, for thow hast fycched in thyn herte the 
[{marke of the{] myddel sothfastnesse, ( (^that 
is to seyn, the prykke^) ). But [{in{] this thing 
hath ben discoveryd to the [{that{] thow 
seydest that thow wistest not a litel herbyforn." 
   "What was that?" quod I. 
   "That thou ne wistest noght," quod sche, 
"whiche was the ende of thinges. And certes that 
is the thyng that every wyght desireth; and for 
as mochel as we han gadrid and comprehendid 
that good is thilke thing that is desired of alle, 
thanne mote we nedys confessen that good 
is the fyn of alle thinges.  
 
<S SAMPLE 4> 
<P 446.C2> 
[} (\TUM EGO FATEOR INQUAM.\) - PROSA 4}] 
 
   Thanne seide I thus: "I confesse and am 
aknowe it," quod I, "ne I ne se nat that men 
may seyn as by ryght that schrewes ne ben 
chaunged into beestes by the qualite of hir 
soules, al be it so that thei kepin yit the forme 
of the body of mankynde. But I nolde nat of 
schrewes, of whiche the thought crwel woodeth 
alwey into destruccion of gode men, that 
it were leveful to hem to don that." 
   "Certes," quod sche, "ne it is nat leveful 
to hem, as I schal wel schewen the in covenable 
place. But natheles, yif so were that 
thilke that men wenen ben leveful to schrewes 
were bynomyn hem, so that they ne myghte 
nat anoyen or doon harm to gode men, certes 
a gret partie of the peyne to schrewes scholde 
ben alegged and releved. For al be it so that 
this ne seme nat credible thing peraventure to 
some folk, yit moot it nedes be that 
schrewes ben more wrecches and unsely 
whan thei mai doon and parforme that 
thei coveyten, than yif thei ne myghte nat 
acomplissen that thei coveiten. For yif so 
be that it be wrecchidnesse to wilne to doon 
yvel, thanne is it more wrecchidnesse to mowe 
don yvel, withoute whiche mowynge the wrecchid  
wil scholde langwisse withouten effect. 
Thanne syn that everiche of thise thinges hath his 
wrecchidnesse (that is to seyn, wil to don 
ivel and mowynge to don yvel), it moot 
nedes be that thei schrewes ben constreyned by 
thre unselynesses, that wolen, and mowen, and 
parformen felonyes and schrewednesses." 
   "I acorde me, " quod I; "but I desire gretly 
that schrewes losten sone thilke unselynesses, 
that is to seyn, that schrewes weren despoyled 
of mowynge to don yvel." 
   "So schollen thei," quod sche, "sonnere peraventure 
than thou woldest, or sonnere 
than they hemselve wene. For ther nis 
nothing so late, in so schorte bowndes of 
this lif, that is long to abyde, nameliche to a corage 
immortel. Of whiche schrewes the grete 
hope and the heye compassynges of schrewednesses 
is ofte destroyed by a sodeyn ende, or 
<P 447.C1>
thei ben war; and that thing establisseth to 
schrewes the ende of hir schrewednesse. For 
yf that schrewednesse makith wrecches, than 
mot he nedes ben moost wrecchide that 
lengest is a schrewe. The whiche wikkide  
schrewes wolde I demen althermost unsely 
and kaytifs, yif that hir schrewednesse ne were 
fynissched at the leste weye by the owtreste 
deth; for yif I have concluded soth of the unselynesse  
of schrewednesse, thanne schewith it 
clerly that thilke wrecchidnesse is withouten 
ende the whiche is certein to ben perdurable." 
   "Certes," quod I, "this conclusion is hard and 
wondirful to graunte; but I knowe wel 
that it accordeth moche to the thinges that 
I have grauntid herebiforn." 
   "Thou hast," quod sche, "the ryght estimacion 
of this. But whosoevere wene that it be 
an hard thing to accorde hym to a conclusioun, 
it is ryght that he schewe that some 
of the premysses ben false, or elles he mot 
schewe that the collacioun of proposicions 
nis nat spedful to a necessarie conclusioun; 
and yif it ne be nat so, but that the premisses 
ben ygraunted, ther nys nat why he 
scholde blame the argument. For this thing 
that I schal telle the now ne schal nat seme 
lesse wondirful, but of the thingis that ben 
taken also it is necessarie." ( (^As who seith, it 
folweth of that which that is purposed 
byforn.^) ) 
   "What is that?" quod I. 
   "Certes," quod sche, "that is that thise wikkid 
schrewes ben more blisful, or elles 
lasse wrecches, that abyen the tormentz 
that thei han desservid, than if no peyne of 
justise ne chastisede hem. Ne this ne seie I 
nat now for that any man myghte thinke that 
the maneris of schrewes ben coriged and chastised 
by vengeaunce and that thei ben brought 
to the ryghte weye by the drede of the torment, 
ne for that they yeven to other folk ensaumple 
to fleen fro vices; but I undirstonde yit in another 
manere that schrewes ben more unsely 
whan thei ne ben nat punyssched, al 
be it so that ther ne be hadde no resoun or 
lawe of correccioun, ne noon ensample of 
lokynge." 
<P 447.C2>
   "And what manere schal that be," quod I, 
"other than hath ben told herbyforn?" 
   "Have we nat thanne graunted," quod sche, 
"that good folk ben blisful and schrewes ben 
wrecches?" 
   "Yis," quod I. 
   "Thanne," quod sche, "yif that any good 
were added to the wrecchidnesse of any 
wyght, nis he nat more blisful than he that 
ne hath no medlynge of good in his solitarie 
wrecchidnesse?" 
   "So semeth it," quod I. 
   "And what seistow thanne," quod sche, "of 
thilke wrecche that lakketh alle goodes so that 
no good nys medlyd in his wrecchidnesse, 
and yit over al his wikkidnesse, for which 
he is a wrecche, that ther be yit another 
yvel anexed and knyt to hym - schal nat 
men demen hym more unsely thanne thilke 
wrecche of whiche the unselynesse is relevid by 
the participacioun of som good?" 
   "Why sholde he nat?" quod I. 
   "Thanne certes," quod sche, "han schrewes, 
whan thei ben punyschid, somwhat of good 
anexid to hir wrecchidnesse (that is to seyn, the 
same peyne that thei suffren, which that is 
good by the resoun of justice); and whanne 
thilke same schrewes ascapen withouten 
torment, than han they somwhat more of yvel 
yit over the wikkidnesse that thei han don, that 
is to seyn, defaute of peyne, which defaute of 
peyne thou hast grauntid is yvel for the disserte 
of felonye?"      
   "I ne may nat denye it," quod I. 
   "Moche more thanne," quod sche, "ben 
schrewes unsely whan thei ben wrongfully  
delivred fro peyne, thanne whan thei 
ben punyschid by ryghtful vengeaunce. 
But this is opene thing and cleer, that it is ryght 
that schrewes ben punyschid, and it is wikkidnesse  
and wrong that thei escapen 
unpunyschid." 
   "Who myghte denye that?" quod I. 
   "But," quod sche, "may any man denye that 
al that is ryght nis good, and also the contrarie, 
that al that is wrong is wikke?" 
   "Certes," quod I, "thise thinges ben 
clere ynowe, and [{folwen that{] that we han 
concluded a lytel herebyforn. But I preye the 
<P 448.C1>
that thow telle me, yif thow accordest to leten 
no torment to the soules aftir that the body is 
ended by the deeth?" ( (^This to seyn, "Undirstondestow 
aught that soules han any 
torment aftir the deeth of the body?"^) ) 
   "Certes," quod sche, "ye, and that ryght 
greet. Of whiche soules," quod sche, "I 
trowe that some ben tormented by asprenesse  
of peyne, and some soules I trowe 
ben exercised by a purgynge mekenesse; but 
my conseil nys nat to determyne of thise peynes. 
   "But I have travailed and told yit hiderto for 
thou scholdest knowe that the mowynge of 
schrewes, whiche mowynge the semeth to ben 
unworthy, nis no mowynge; and ek of schrewes, 
of whiche thou pleynedest that they ne were nat 
punysschid, that thow woldest seen that 
thei ne were neveremo withouten the 
tormentz of hir wikkidnesse; and of the 
licence of mowynge to don yvel that thou 
preyedest that it myghte sone ben ended, and 
that thou woldest fayn lernen that it ne sholde 
nat longe endure, and that schrewes ben more 
unsely yif thei were of lengere durynge, and 
most unsely yif thei weren perdurable. And aftir 
this I have schewyd the that more unsely ben 
schrewes whan thei escapen withouten hir 
ryghtful peyne thanne whan thei ben 
punyschid by ryghtful venjaunce; and of 
this sentence folweth it that thanne ben schrewes 
constreyned at the laste with most grevous 
torment, whan men wene that thei ne ben nat 
punyssched." 
   "Whan I considere thi resouns," quod I, "I ne 
trowe nat that men seyn any thing more 
verrayly. And yif I turne ayein to the studies of 
men, who is he to whom it sholde seme that 
he ne scholde nat oonly leven thise thinges, 
but ek gladly herkne hem?" 
   "Certes," quod sche, "so it es - but men may 
nat. For they have hir eien so wont to the 
derknesse of erthly thinges that they ne may nat 
lyften hem up to the light of cler sothfastnesse, 
but thei ben lyk to briddes of whiche the nyght 
lightneth hir lokynge and the day blendith hem. 
For whan men loke nat the ordre of thinges, but 
hir lustes and talentz, they wene that either 
the leve or the mowynge to don wikkidnesse, 
or elles the scapynge withouten 
peyne be weleful. 
<P 448.C2>
   "But considere the jugement of the perdurable 
lawe. For yif thou conferme thi corage to the 
beste thinges, thow ne hast noon nede of no juge 
to yeven the prys or mede; for thow hast joyned 
thiself to the most excellent thing. And yif thow 
have enclyned thi studies to the wikkide thinges, 
ne seek no foreyne wrekere out of thiself; 
for thow thiself hast thrist thiself into wikke 
thinges, ryght as thow myghtest loken by 
diverse tymes the fowle erthe and the hevene, 
and that alle othere thinges stynten fro withoute, 
so that thow nere neyther in [{hevene{] ne in  
erthe, ne saye no thyng more; thanne scholde it 
semen to the as by oonly resoun of lokynge that 
thow were now in the sterres, and now in the 
erthe. But the peple ne loketh nat on these 
thinges. What thanne? Schal we thanne 
approchen us to hem that I have schewed 
that thei ben lyke to beestes? And what 
wyltow seyn of this: yif that a man hadde al 
forlorn his syghte, and hadde foryeten that he 
evere sawhe, and wende that no thing ne faylede 
hym of perfeccioun of mankynde; now we that 
myghten sen the same thinges - wolde we nat 
wene that he were blynd? Ne also ne accordeth 
nat the peple to that I schal seyn, the whiche 
thing is sustenyd by as stronge foundementz 
of resouns, that is to seyn, that 
more unsely ben they that doon wrong to 
othere folk, than they that the wrong suffren." 
   "I wolde here thilke same resouns," quod I. 
   "Denyestow," quod sche, "that alle schrewes 
ne ben worthy to han torment?" 
   "Nay," quod I. 
   "But," quod sche, "I am certein by many 
resouns that schrewes ben unsely." 
   "It accordeth," quod I. 
   "Thanne ne dowtestow nat," quod sche, 
"that thilke folk that ben worthy of 
torment, that they ne ben wrecches?" 
   "It accordeth wel," quod I. 
   "Yif thou were thanne iset a juge or a 
knowere of thinges, whethir trowestow that men 
scholden tormenten, hym that hath don the 
wrong or elles hym that hath suffred the 
wrong?" 
   "I ne doute nat," quod I, "that I nolde 
doon suffisaunt satisfaccioun to hym that 
hadde suffrid the wrong, by the sorwe of 
hym that hadde doon the wrong." 
<P 449.C1>
   "Thanne semeth it," quod sche, "that the 
doere of wrong is more wrecche than he that 
hath suffride wrong?" 
   "That folweth wel," quod I. 
   "Than," quod sche, "by thise causes and by 
othere causes that ben enforced by the same 
roote, that filthe [{of{] synne be the propre 
nature of it maketh men wrecches, [{it{] 
scheweth wel that the wrong that men 
doon nis nat the wrecchidnesse of hym that 
resceyveth the wrong, but the wrecchidnesse of 
hym that dooth the wrong. Bur certes," quod 
sche, "thise oratours or advocattes don al the 
contrarie; for thei enforcen hem to commoeve 
the juges to han pite of hem that han suffrid 
and resceyved the thinges that ben grevous 
and aspre, and yit men scholden more 
ryghtfully han pite of hem that doon the 
grevances and the wronges: the whiche 
schrewes it were a more covenable thing that the 
accusours or advocattes, nat wrooth but pytous 
and debonayre, ledden tho schrewes that han 
don wrong to the jugement ryght as men leden 
syke folk to the leche, for that thei sholden seken 
out the maladyes of synne by torment. And 
by this covenant, eyther the entent of the 
deffendours or advocatz sholde fayle and 
cesen in al, or elles, yif the office of 
advocatz wolde betre profiten to men, it 
scholde be torned into the habyte of accusacioun. 
( (^That is to seyn, thei scholden accuse 
schrewes, and nat excusen hem.^) ) And eek the 
schrewes hemself, yif it were leveful to hem to 
seen at any clifte the vertu that thei han forleten, 
and sawen that they scholden putten adoun the 
filthes of hir vices by the tormentz of peynes, 
they ne aughten nat, ryght for the 
recompensacioun for to geten hem bounte 
and prowesse whiche that thei han lost, 
demen ne holden that thilke peynes weren 
tormentz to hem; and eek thei wolden refuse the 
attendaunce of hir advocattz, and taken hemself 
to hir juges and to hir accusours. For whiche it 
betydeth that, as to the wise folk, ther nis no 
place yleten to hate ( (^that is to seyn, that hate 
ne hath no place among wise men^) ); for no 
wyght nil haten gode men, but yif he were 
overmochel a fool, and for to haten 
<P 449.C2>
schrewes it nis no resoun. For ryght so as 
langwissynge is maladye of body, ryght so ben 
vices and synne maladye of corage; and so as we 
ne deme nat that they that ben sike of hir body 
ben worthy to ben hated, but rather worthy of 
pite; wel more worthy nat to ben hated, but 
for to ben had in pite, ben thei of whiche 
the thoughtes ben constreyned by felonous 
wikkidnesse, that is more crwel than any 
langwissynge of body.  
 
<S SAMPLE 5> 
<P 450.C2> 
[} (\ITA EST INQUAM.\)  - PROSA 6}] 
 
   "Thus is it," quod I. "But so as thou hast 
yeven or byhyght me to unwrappen the hidde 
causes of thinges, and to discovere me the 
resouns covered with derknes, I preie the that 
thou devyse and juge me of this matere, and 
that thou do me to undirstonden it. For this 
miracle or this wonder trowbleth me ryght 
gretly." 
   And thanne sche, a litelwhat smylinge, 
seide: "Thou clepist me," quod sche, "to 
telle thing that is gretteste of alle thingis 
that mowen ben axed, and to the whiche questioun 
unnethes is ther aught inowh to laven 
it. (As who seith, unnethes is ther suffisauntly 
any thing to answeren parfitly to thy questioun.) 
For the matere of it is swich, that 
whan o doute is determined and kut awey, ther 
waxen othere doutes withoute nombre, ryght 
as the hevedes wexen of Idre, the serpent 
<P 451.C1>
that Hercules slowh. Ne ther ne were no 
manere ne noon ende, but if that a wyght 
constreynede tho doutes by a ryght lifly and 
quyk fir of thought (that is to seyn, by vigour 
and strengthe of wit). For in this matere 
men weren wont to maken questiouns of the 
symplicite of the purveaunce of God, and of 
the ordre of destyne, and of sodeyn hap, and 
of the knowynge and predestinacioun devyne, 
and of the liberte of fre wil; the whiche 
thinges thou thiself aperceyvest wel of 
what weighte thei ben. But for as moche 
as the knowynge of thise thinges is a maner 
porcioun of the medycyne to the, al be it so 
that I have litil tyme to doon it, yit natheles 
y wol enforcen me to schewe somwhat of it. 
But although the noryssynges of dite of musyk 
deliteth the, thou most suffren and forberen a 
litel of thilke delit, whil that I weve to the resouns 
yknyt by ordre." 
   "As it liketh to the," quod I, "so do." 
 
<Q M3 XX PHILO BOETHCH> 
<N BOETH CHAUCER> 
<A CHAUCER GEOFFREY> 
<C M3> 
<O 1350-1420> 
<M 1350-1420> 
<K X> 
<D EMO> 
<V PROSE> 
<T PHILOSOPHY> 
<G TRANSL> 
<F LATIN/FRENCH> 
<W WRITTEN> 
<X MALE> 
<Y 20-40> 
<H PROF HIGH> 
<U X> 
<E X> 
<J X> 
<I X> 
<Z X> 
 
<P 451.C1>
   Tho spak sche ryght as by another bygynnynge, 
and seide thus: "The engendrynge 
of alle thinges," quod sche, "and alle the progressiouns  
of muable nature, and al that moeveth 
in any manere, taketh his causes, his ordre, 
and his formes, of the stablenesse of the devyne 
thought. And thilke devyne thought that 
is iset and put in the tour (that is to seyn, in 
the heighte) of the simplicite of God, stablissith  
many maner gises to thinges that ben 
to done; the whiche manere whan that 
men looken it in thilke pure clennesse of the 
devyne intelligence, it is ycleped purveaunce; 
but whanne thilke manere is referred by men  
to thinges that it moeveth and disponyth, than 
of olde men it was clepyd destyne. The whiche 
thinges yif that any wyght loketh wel in his 
thought the strengthe of that oon and of that 
oothir, he schal lyghtly mowen seen that 
thise two thinges ben dyvers. For purveaunce 
is thilke devyne resoun that is establissed 
in the sovereyn prince of thinges, the 
whiche purveaunce disponith alle thinges; but, 
certes, destyne is the disposicioun and ordenance 
clyvynge to moevable thinges, by the 
whiche disposicion the purveaunce knytteth 
alle thingis in hir ordres; for purveaunce enbraceth 
alle thinges to-hepe, althoghe that thei 
<P 451.C2>
ben diverse and although thei ben infinit. 
But destyne, certes, departeth and ordeyneth 
alle thinges singulerly and devyded in 
moevynges in places, in formes, in tymes, as 
thus: lat the unfoldynge of temporel ordenaunce, 
assembled and oonyd in the lokynge 
of the devyne thought, be cleped purveaunce, 
and thilke same assemblynge and oonynge, devyded 
and unfolden by tymes, lat that ben 
called destyne. 
   "And al be it so that thise thinges ben 
diverse, yit natheles hangeth that oon of 
that oother; forwhi the ordre destynal 
procedith of the simplicite of purveaunce. For 
ryght as a werkman that aperceyveth in his 
thought the forme of the thing that he wol make, 
and moeveth the effect of the werk, and ledith 
that he hadde lookid byforn in his thought 
symplely and presently by temporel ordenaunce; 
certes, ryght so God disponith in his 
purveaunce singulerly and stablely the 
thinges that ben to doone; but he 
amynistreth in many maneris and in diverse 
tymes by destyne thilke same thinges that he 
hath disponyd. Thanne, whethir that destyne be 
exercised outhir by some devyne spiritz, 
servantz to the devyne purveaunce, or elles by 
some soule, or elles by alle nature servynge to 
God, or elles by the celestial moevynges of 
sterres, or ellis by vertu of aungelis, or elles by 
divers subtilite of develis, or elles by any of 
hem, or elles by hem alle the destinal 
ordenaunce is ywoven and acomplissid, 
certes, it es opene thing that the purveaunce is 
an unmoevable and symple forme of thinges 
to doone, and the moevable bond and the 
temporel ordenaunce of thinges whiche that the 
devyne symplicite of purveaunce hath ordeyned 
to doone, that is destyne. 
   "For whiche it is that alle thinges that ben 
put undir destyne ben certes subgitz to 
purveaunce, to whiche purveaunce destyne 
itself is subgit and under. But some thinges 
ben put undir purveaunce, that sourmounten 
the ordenance of destyne; and tho ben thilke 
that stablely ben ifycchid neyghe to the first 
godhede. They surmounten the ordre of 
destynal moevablete. For ryght as of cerklis that 
<P 452.C1>
tornen aboute a same centre or aboute a poynt, 
thilke cerkle that is innerest or most withinne 
joyneth to the symplesse of the myddle, 
and is, as it were, a centre or a poynt to the 
tothere cerklis that tornen abouten hym; 
and thilke that is utterest, compased by a largere 
envyrownynge, is unfolden by largere spaces in 
so moche as it is ferthest fro the myddel 
symplicite of the poynt; and yif ther be any thing 
that knytteth and felawschipeth hymself to thilke 
myddel poynt, it is constreyned into simplicite 
( (^that is to seyn, into unmoevablete^) ), and it 
ceseth to ben schad and to fleten diversely; 
ryght so, by semblable reson, thilke thing 
that departeth ferrest fro the firste thought 
of God, it is unfolden and summittid to grettere 
bondes of destyne; and in so moche is the thing 
more fre and laus fro destyne, as it axeth and 
hooldeth hym neer to thilke centre of thinges 
( (^that is to seyn, to God^) ); and yif the thing 
clyveth to the stedfastnesse of the thought of 
God and be withoute moevynge, certes it 
surmounteth the necessite of destyne. 
Thanne ryght swich comparysoun as is of 
skillynge to undirstondyng, and of thing 
that ys engendrid to thing that is, and of tyme to 
eternite, and of the cercle to the centre; ryght so 
is the ordre of moevable destyne to the stable 
symplicite of purveaunce. 
   "Thilke ordenaunce moveth the hevene and 
the sterres and atemprith the elementz togidre 
amonges hemself, and transformeth hem by 
entrechaungeable mutacioun. And thilke 
same ordre neweth ayein alle thinges 
growynge and fallynge adoun, by semblable 
progressions of sedes and of sexes (that 
is to seyn, male and femele). And this ilke 
ordre constreyneth the fortunes and the dedes of 
men by a bond of causes nat able to ben 
unbownde; the whiche destynal causes, whan 
thei passen out fro the bygynnynges of the 
unmoevable purveaunce, it moot nedes be that 
thei ne be nat mutable. And thus ben the 
thinges ful wel igoverned yif that the 
symplicite duellynge in the devyne thoght 
scheweth forth the ordre of causes unable to ben 
ibowed. And this ordre constreyneth by his 
<P 452.C2>
propre stablete the moevable thingis, or elles 
thei scholden fleten folyly. 
   "For whiche it es that alle thingis semen to 
ben confus and trouble to us men, for we ne 
mowen nat considere thilke ordenaunce. 
Natheles the propre maner of every thing, 
dressynge hem to gode, disponith hem alle, 
for ther nys no thing doon for cause of yvel, 
ne thilk thing that is doon by wikkid folk nys nat 
doon for yvel, the whiche schrewes, as I have 
schewed ful plentyvously, seken good, but 
wikkid errour mystorneth hem; ne the ordre 
comynge fro the poynt of sovereyn good ne 
declyneth nat fro his bygynnynge. 
   "But thou mayst seyn, 'What unreste may ben 
a worse confusioun than that gode men 
han somtyme adversite and somtyme 
prosperite, and schrewes also han now 
thingis that they desiren and now thinges that 
thei haten?' Whethir men lyven now in swich 
holnesse of thought (as who seith, ben men now 
so wyse) that swiche folk as thei demen to ben 
gode folk or schrewes, that it moste nedes ben 
that folk ben swiche as thei wenen? But in this 
manere the domes of men discorden, that thilke 
men that som folk demen worthy of mede, 
other folk demen hem worthy of torment. 
But lat us graunten, I pose, that som man 
may wel demen or knowen the good folk and 
the badde; may he thanne knowen and seen 
thilke innereste atempraunce of corages as it 
hath ben wont to ben seyd of bodyes? ( (^As who 
seith, may a man speken and determinen of 
atempraunce in corages, as men were wont to 
demen or speken of complexions and atempraunces 
of bodies?^) ) Ne it ne is nat an 
unlike miracle to hem that ne knowen it nat 
( (^as who seith, but it is lik a mervayle or 
miracle to hem that ne knowen it nat^) ) whi 
that swete thinges ben covenable to some bodies 
that ben hole, and to some bodies byttere 
thinges ben covenable; and also why that some 
syk folk ben holpen with lyghte medicynes, and 
some folk ben holpen with sharpe medicynes. 
But natheles the leche, that knoweth the manere 
and the atempraunce of hele and of 
maladye, ne merveyleth of it nothyng. But 
what othir thing semeth hele of corages but 
<P 453.C1>
bounte and prowesse? And what othir thing 
semeth maladye of corages but vices? Who is 
elles kepere of good or dryvere awey of yvel but 
God, governour and lechere of thoughtes? The 
whiche God, whan he hath byholden from the 
hye tour of his purveaunce, he knoweth what is 
covenable to every wight, and lenyth hem that 
he woot that is covenable to hem. Lo, herof 
comyth and herof is don this noble miracle 
of the ordre destynal, whan God, that al 
knoweth, dooth swiche thing, of whiche thing 
unknowynge folk ben astonyd. 
   "But for to constreyne ( (^as who seith, but for 
to comprehende and to telle^) ) a fewe thingis of 
the devyne depnesse, the whiche that mannys 
resoun may undirstonde, thilke man that thow 
wenest to ben ryght just and ryght kepynge of 
equite, the contrarie of that semeth to the 
devyne purveaunce, that al woot. And 
Lucan, my famylier, telleth that the 
victorious cause likide to the goddes, and the 
cause overcomen likide to Catoun. Thanne 
whatsoevere thou mayst seen that is doon in this 
world unhopid or unwened, certes it es the 
ryghte ordre of thinges, but as to thi wikkid 
opynioun it is a confusioun. But I suppose that 
som man be so wel ithewed that the devyne 
jugement and the jugement of mankynde 
accorden hem togidre of hym; but he is so 
unstidfast of corage that, yif any adversite 
come to hym, he wol forleten peraventure to 
continue innocence by the whiche he ne may 
nat withholden fortune. Thanne the wise 
dispensacion of God sparith hym, the whiche 
man adversite myghte enpeyren; for that God 
wol nat suffren hym to travaile to whom that 
travaile nis nat covenable. Anothir man is parfit 
in alle vertus, and is an holi man and neigh 
to God, so that the purveaunce of God 
wolde deme that it were a felonie that he 
were touched with any adversites; so that he wol 
nat suffre that swich a man be moeved with any 
bodily maladye. But so as seyde a philosophre, 
the more excellent by me - he seyde in Grec 
that 'vertues han edified the body of the holi 
man.' 
<P 453.C2>
   "And ofte tyme it betydeth that the somme of 
thingis that ben to done is taken to governe 
to good folk, for that the malice 
haboundaunt of schrewes scholde ben 
abated. And God yeveth and departeth to other 
folk prosperites and adversites imedled to-hepe 
aftir the qualite of hir corages, and remordith 
some folk by adversite, for thei ne scholden nat 
waxen proude by long welefulnesse; and other 
folk he suffreth to ben travailed with harde 
thinges for that thei scholden confermen the 
vertues of corage by the usage and the 
exercitacioun of pacience. And other folk 
dreden more than thei oughten the whiche 
thei myghte wel beren, and thilke folk God 
ledeth into experience of hemself by aspre and 
sorweful thingis. And many other folk han 
bought honourable renoun of this world by the 
prys of glorious deth; and som men, that ne 
mowen nat ben overcomen by torment, han 
yeven ensample to other folk that vertu mai nat 
ben overcomyn by adversites. And of alle 
thise thinges ther nis no doute that thei ne 
ben doon ryghtfully and ordeynly, to the 
profit of hem to whom we seen thise thingis 
betyde. 
   "For certes, that adversite cometh somtyme to 
schrewes and somtyme that that they desiren, it 
comith of thise forseyde causes. And of sorweful 
thinges that betyden to schrewes, certes, no man 
ne wondreth; for alle men wenen that thei han 
wel desservid it, and that thei ben of wykkid 
meryt. Of whiche schrewes the torment 
somtyme agasteth othere to don felonyes, 
and somtyme it amendeth hem that suffren the 
tormentz; and the prosperite that is yeven to 
schrewes scheweth a gret argument to good 
folk what thing thei scholde demen of thilke 
welefulnesse, the whiche prosperite men seen 
ofte serven to schrewes. In the whiche thing I 
trowe that God dispenseth. For peraventure the 
nature of som man is so overthrowynge to 
yvel, and so uncovenable, that the nedy 
poverte of his houshold myghte rather 
egren hym to don felonyes; and to the maladye 
of hym God putteth remedye to yeven hym 
<P 454.C1>
rychesses. And som othir man byholdeth his 
conscience defouled with synnes, and makith 
comparysoun of his fortune and of hymself, and 
dredith peraventure that his blisfulnesse, of 
whiche the usage is joyeful to hym, that the 
lesynge of thilke blisfulnesse ne be nat 
sorwful to hym; and therfore he wol 
chaunge his maneris, and, for he dredith to 
lesen his fortune, he forletith his wikkidnesse. 
To other folke is welefulnesse iyeven unworthely, 
the whiche overthroweth hem into 
destruccioun, that thei han disservid; and to som 
othir folk is yeven power to punysshen, for 
that it schal be cause of contynuacioun and 
exercisynge to good folk, and cause of torment 
to schrewes. For so as ther nis noon 
alliaunce bytwixe good folk and schrewes, 
ne schrewes ne mowen nat acorden among 
hemself. And whi nat? For schrewes discorden 
of hemself by hir vices, the whiche vices al 
toreenden her consciences, and doon ofte time 
thinges the whiche thingis, whan thei han doon 
hem, they demen that tho thinges ne scholden 
nat han ben doon. 
   "For whiche thing thilke sovereyne purveaunce 
hath makid ofte tyme fair 
myracle, so that schrewes han makid 
schrewes to ben gode men. For whan that 
some schrewes seen that they suffren wrongfully 
felonyes of othere schrewes, they wexen 
eschaufed into hate of hem that anoyed hem, 
and retornen to the fruyt of vertu, whan thei 
studien to ben unlyke to hem that thei han hated. 
Certis oonly this is the devyne myght to the 
whiche myghte yvelis ben thanne gode whan it 
useth the yvelis covenably and draweth out 
the effect of any good. ( (^As who seith that 
yvel is good oonly to the myghte of God, for 
the myght of God ordeyneth thilke yvel to 
good.^) ) 
   "For oon ordre enbraseth alle thinges, so that 
what wyght that departeth fro the resoun of 
thilke ordre whiche that is assigned to hym, 
algatis yit he slideth into an othir ordre; so that 
no thing nis leveful to folye in the reaume of the 
devyne purveaunce ( (^as who seith, no 
thing nis withouten ordenaunce in the 
reame of the devyne purveaunce^) ), syn that 
the ryght strong God governeth alle thinges in 
this world. For it nis nat leveful to man to 
comprehenden by wit, ne unfolden by word, 
alle the subtil ordenaunces and disposiciounis of 
<P 454.C2>
the devyne entente. For oonly it owghte suffise 
to han lokid that God hymself, makere of alle 
natures, ordeineth and dresseth alle thingis to 
gode; whil that he hasteth to withholden 
the thingis that he hath makid into his 
semblaunce ( (^that is to seyn, for to withholden 
thingis into gode, for he hymself is 
good^) ), he chasith out alle yvel fro the boundes 
of his comynalite by the ordre of necessite 
destinable. For whiche it folweth that, yif thou 
loke the purveaunce ordeynynge the thinges 
that men wenen ben outraious or haboundaunt 
in erthis, thou ne schalt nat seen in no place no 
thing of yvel. 
   "But I se now that thou art charged with 
the weyghte of the questioun, and wery 
with lengthe of my resoun, and that thou 
abydest som swetnesse of songe. Tak thanne this 
drawght, and, whanne thou art wel reffressched 
and refect, thou schalt be more stedfast to stye 
into heyere questions or thinges.



<B CMNORHOM>
<Q M3 IR HOM NHOM>
<N NHOM CYCLE>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D NL>
<V VERSE>
<T HOMILY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE NORTHERN HOMILY CYCLE, PARTS II, III.
THE EXPANDED VERSION IN MSS HARLEY 4196
AND COTTON TIBERIUS E VII.
SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE DE HELSINKI, 41, 43.
ED. S. NEVANLINNA.
HELSINKI: SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE, 1973, 1984.
PART II,  PP. 67.7718   - 86.8387        (SAMPLE 1)
PART II,  PP. 203.12457 - 206.12592      (SAMPLE 2) 
PART III, PP. 124.19639 - 128.19770      (SAMPLE 3)
PART III, PP. 133.19934 - 138.20104      (SAMPLE 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P II, 67>
[} (\FERIA SECUNDA POST DOMINICAM IIJ QUADRAGESIME.             #
SECUNDUM  LUCAM\) }]

(\Dixerunt pharisei ad Jesum.\)
+Te Jewes Jesus to vpbrayd
Ilkone till o+ter oftsi+tes said,
"Es +tis noght Jesus, Joseph sun?
We knaw him and his nacion;
Omang vs here he was norist, 
How may +tis be men cals him Crist?".
Omang +tamself of[{t{] said +tai +tus,
And sum of +tam said to Jesus,
"Sen +tou so crafty haldes +te,
And men oftsi+tes may here and se
By selkuth sightes +tat has bene sene
In diuers places whare +tou has bene,
And namly in Caphernaum
Whare +tou was wont for to cum,
Do sumwhat now +tat we may se
+Tat dwels here in +tine awin cuntre;
+Tare has +tou many wonders done,
And in +tine awin cuntre ful fone."
Jesus +tan omang +te Jews 
Answerd +tus to +ta pharisews,
(\Nemo propheta acceptus est in patria sua.\)
"Forsuth I say to +gow ilkane,
Praised in his kith prophet es nane;
He es noght resayued in his kith,
War neuer so mekil grace him with;
For prophet will +tai him noght hald:
+Tare sal he first be ogain-cald.
And suthfas[{t{]ly I say to +gow
Of wonders +tat has bene bifore now,
<P II, 68>
For sumtyme war wonders ful grete
In tyme of Elys, +te gude prophete.
Widows war +tan +tat ful euil ferd
When +te heuyn obouen +tam sperd:
+Geres thre and monethes sex
Grete hunger in sere landes wex,
For na water on +te erth decend.
God himself it had defend
Sex monethes and +geres thre,
+Tat made grete hunger for to be.
And of al widows +tat +tare went
Vnto nane was Elyse sent
Of hunger for to help +tam +tan,
Bot anely till a pouer woman
In Sarept cete of Sydoyne;
So +te buke of kinges beris testimoin.
And many leprus men gan dwell
+Tan in +te landes of Israell,
+Tat lifed +tan and war leprus
Vnder +te prophet Elisyus,
And +git nane of +tam al bydene
By his request war clensed sene,
Bot ane +tat hight Naman Syrus,
Als +te buke wittnes till vs,
"And he was seuyn sythes waschen +tan
In +te waters of Jordan."
+Tan al +te men, both les and mare
+tat in +te temple with him ware
And herd +tir wordes albidene,
In +taire hertes +tai had grete tene.
Al +tai war fulfild of ire
And rase ogains him fell als fire.
Pese no langer wald +tai haue,
With rude wordes to him +tai straue.
Jesus saw +tam so sett to ill
And sufferd +tam say all +taire will.
+Taire mekil strif might no man sted:
Out of +te temple +tai him led.
<P II, 69>
With mekill noyse and with grete rout
Fro +taire cete +tai kest him out.
Obout him speres and sparthes +tai bare;
+tat he suld dy ful fast +tai sware.
+tai broght him till a high mowntaine
On whilk +taire cete was sett sertaine.
+Tai led him vp vntill a scer
+Tat ouer-hinged on heght ful fer.
Theues +tat war ordand to spill
War led to lepe doune at +tat hill.
When +tai war +tare al redy boune
And ful prest for to put him doune,
Jesu furth fra +tam he +gode;
And lukand on him al +tai stode.
Sum wend he had bene ded for ay,
And sum saw how he went oway,
Bot nane had power in +tat tide
To mer him ne to bid him bide.
+Tus on +tis molde he schewid his might
In sere meruailes vnto mens sight.

[} (\FERIA IIJ POST IIJ DOMINICAM QUADRAGESIME.                 #
SECUNDUM MATHEUM\) }]

(\Respiciens Jesus in discipulos suos.\)
Saint Mathew +te gude gospellere
Tels till vs on +tis manere
How oure Lord Jesu stode and saw
His disciples all on raw,
And als +te gospell schewes till vs
Vnto Saint Peter said he +tus,
"If +ti bro+ter, what-so he be,
In +tis erth trispas to +te,
+Tou sal him blame bitwene +gow twa,
+Tat of +gowre wordes wit no ma,
Ne of +gowre cownsail lat wit nane
Bot +tou and he by +gow allane;
And if +ti bro+ter with gude chere
+Ti blameing and +ti wordes will here,
<P II, 70>
And so amend him of his sins,
+Ti bro+ter +tan ful wele +tou wins.
And if he sett noght by +ti saw
Bot fra +ti counsail fast will draw,
+Tan vnto +te sall +tou ta
Of +ti best frendes ane or twa,
For in +te mowthes of twa or thre
May ilk a word wele witnest be.
And +tan if he will noght tak hede
To +gowre counsail, +tan es it nede
+Tat +tou tell vnto haly kirk
+Te sins +tat +tou sese him wirk.
And +tan if he will noght be boun
To haly kirk and to resoun,
And do what-so may him avayle,
Als haly kirk will gif counsaile,
Onence +te +tou hald him slike
Als a puplicane or ane etnyke
+Tat in +tis werld will neuer wirk
By +te counsail of haly kirk,
Bot lifes out of Goddes law
And will no heleful counsayll knaw.
And I say to +gow, more and myn,
Wham-so +ge lese in erth of syn,
Euer sal +tai lesed be
In heuyn with my Fader fre.
And in erth all +tat [{+ge{] bind euyn,
+Ta same sal be bunden in heuyn.
And +git ano+ter tale I tell
Vntill all +ta +tat with me dwell.
If twa of +gow fully in fere
Assent togeder in +tis werld here
Of any thing +tat +tai will craue,
Hastily +tai sal it haue.
Mi Fader +tat es in heuyn king
Sal grant vnto +tam +taire asking.
<P II, 71>
And [{in{] what stede so twa or thre
Er gederd in +te name of me,
+Tat lely lifes in Goddes lare,
In middes +tam myself es +tare,
In whilk stede so +tai be in erth,
If +tai be thre, I am +te ferth."
+Tan Saint Peter come him till
And said, "Lord, if it war +ti will,
I wald +te ask a lityll thing
Acordand to +tis same spekeing.
If my bro+ter in worde or dede
Ogains me breke his bro+terhede,
If he sal forgifnes haue
Seuyn sithes if he will craue?"
+Tan oure mighty Lord Jesus
Vnto Saint Peter answerd +tus
And said, "+Tou has mysvndertane,
For to forgif seuyn sithes allane.
I say +tou sal forgif him euyn
With gude hert seuynty sithes and seuyn;
+Tat es, to forgif with gude will
Als oft als men trispas vs till."

[} (\FERIA IIIJ POST DOMINICAM IIJ QUADRAGESIME.                #
SECUNDUM MATHEUM\) }]

(\Accesserunt ad Jesum ab Jerosolimis.\)
Als Jesus went thurghout +te land
Precheand to folk +tat he fand
+Tare gederd to him gret plente
Fra ilk a side of sere cete;
And of Jerusalem fra +te Jews
Come many scribes and pharisews
To luke if +tai might him oght tak
In anything his lare to lac.
And of his wordes for to asay
Vnto him all +tus said +tai,
"Whi suffers +tou +ti men omang
<P II, 72>
Brek +te laus +tat has bene lang,
+Tat oure elders +gemid and held
In +tis erth whils +tat +tai dweld?
+Tai wasche noght +taire hend in sum stede
When +tai sitt doun and ettes brede;
And [{+tat{] vsage was neuer sene
Omang men +tat suld kepe +tam clene."
Jesus +tat was wise iustise
Answerd to +ta[{m{] on +tis wise
And said, "Whi pas +ge +te lare
Of mighty God, +tat es wele mare,
Sen God bad +ge suld do honowre
To fader and moder and +tam socowre?
+Ge do noght so with gude entent
And so +ge breke Goddes cumandment.
To my deciples put +ge blame
And duse +gowreself wers +tan +te same.
Bot ypocrites, to +gow say I 
+Tat +te trew prophet Ysai
Of +gow he made his prophecies
Ful wele when he said on +tis wise,
(\Populus hic labijs me honorat,
cor autem eorum longe est a me.\)
"+Tis folk," he sais, "+tat I here se,
With +taire lippes loue +tai me,
And with +taire mowth honowr +tai ma,
Bot +taire hert es fer me fra.
Withowten any enchesoune
Make +tai singnes of deuocioune
With lippes louyng to reherce
Sen +taire hertes haldes +te reuerce.
My lare sum tyme +tai teche and ken
For to be halden haly men."
+Tan al +te folk +tat war cumen +teder
Jesu cald +tam al togeder;
And when +tai war al cumen him till,
<P II, 73>
+Tir wordes he said als was his will,
"Heres my wordes al +gow omell,
And vnderstandes what I +gow tell 
+Tat trispas for to solue and saue
+Tat +ge to my desciples gafe.
+Te thing +tat entres mans mowth in
Files noght a man with syn,
Bot thing +tat fra +te mowth cumes out
+Tat files a man; +tat es no dout."
+Tan his desciples al in fere
Said to him on +tis manere,
"Lord, wit +tou wele, +tir phariseus
Will sclander +te vnto +te Jews
For +ti wordes +tai here +te say,
And do +te dere if +tat +tai may."
+Tan oure Lord so milde and fre
Answerd +tus to his men+ge,
"Al +te plantes +tat planted er
In +tis werlk here nere or fer
+Te whilk my Fader planted noght, 
Vp with +te rotes +tai sal be broght.
And +tarfore lattes +tir men allane,
For +tai er blind and sight has nane.
Blind +tai er, +tat sall +ge ken,
And also leders of blind men,
For with +taire laws +tai lese and bind
Omang +te Jews, and both er blind."
+Tis said he +tam for to vpbraid,
And +tan till his men +tus he said,
(\Cecus autem si ceco ducatum prestet,
ambo in fou[{e{]am cadunt.\)
"If a blind man here vnderta
To lede ano+ter blind alswa,
It es noght ferly if +tai fall
Both in +te dike, for so +tai sall."
+Tan Peter +tus to him gan say,
<P II, 74>
"Tel till vs, Lord, We +te pray
What +tir maters er to mene."
+Tan said he +tus to +tam bidene,
"By +gowre wordes +te suth I se,
Nane vnderstanding +git haue +ge.
Kan +ge noght se by north and sowth
How al +tat entres in mans mowth
Into +te wambe graithli it gase,
And degestioun downward it mase.
And all +tat of +te mowth sall pas
Rising out of +te hert it has,
For in +te hert first it dwels
+Tat files a man and nothing els,
For out of a mans hert es broght
Al-kins euil, als idell thoght
Of man-slaghter and avowtri,
Fornicaciowns and felony,
Fals witnes and bacbiteing,
Sclander, and o+ter euil thing.
Wele +ge may vmthink +gow +tan
+Tat +tise er +tai +tat files a man
And noght to ett whare-so +ge wend
+Gowre mete with vnwasschen hend,
+Tat files noght a man within,
For in +tat dede he dose no syn."

[} (\FERIA V POST DOMINICAM TERCIAM QUADRAGESIME.               #
SECUNDUM JOHANNEM\) }]

(\Dixit Jesus turbis Judeorum: Operamini & c.\)
Ano+ter day Saint Jon sais vs,
Grete puple gederd to Jesus,
And vnto all +te folk in fere
Said oure Lord on +tis manere,
[{ (\Operamini non cibum qui perit,
sed qui permanet in uitam eternam.\) {]
He said, "+Ge sal noght wirk allane
<P II, 75>
For mete and drink +tat sune es gane,
Bot for +tat mete to wirk +ge wende
+Tat lastes euer withowten ende,
+Tat Crist, +te sun of man sal gif
To +gow +tat lely here will lif,
For +tat mete has my Fader fre
Assigned to all +tat his sal be."
+Te phariseus +tat stode obout
Answerd +tan with wordes stout,
And +tus +tai said Jesu vnto,
"Tell vs +tan what we sall do,
And oure dedes sal be puruaid
+Tat God will of oure werk be paid."
Jesus +tan said +tam vntill,
"+Tis es Goddes werk and Goddes will
+Tat +ge sal trow with gude entent 
In his sun +tat he has sent."
Vnto him +tan +tai answerd +tus
And said, "What wonder schewes +tou vs
Wharby +tat we may seker be
Traistly for to trow in +te?
(\Quid operaris?\)
What wirkes +tou more +tan o+ter men 
Wharby we may +ti mightes ken?
Oure form faders of mightes grete
In desert ette angels mete.
Wreten may men find ful euyn
How +tat +taire mete was sent fra heuyn."
Jesus withowten more delay
Said, "Suthly vnto +gow I say:
Moyses +tat +ge +gowre fader call
Gert no brede fra heuyn fall,
Bot my Fader +tat last sal ay
Gifes +gow fra heuyn brede verray,
For he +tat descendid fra heuyn,
He es +te brede of God ful euyn
<P II, 76>
+Tat lastand life euer more may gif
Vntill +tam +tat will lely lif."
+Tan said +tai to him in +tat stede,
"Lord, gif vs of +tat ilk brede",
For nothing els +tai vnderstode
Bot +tat he ment of erthly fode.
+Tan lele trowth to +tam for to lere
Jesu said +tus on +tis manere,
"I am +te brede of lastand life
+Tat medcyn es to man and wife.
Wha cums to me he sal be saue
And hunger sal he neuer haue,
And wha in me will trewly trist
Hertly sal he neuer haue thrist."

[} (\FERIA VJ POST TERCIAM DOMINICAM QUADRAGESIME.              #
SECUNDUM JOHANNEM\) }]

(\Oportebat Jesum transire per Samariam.\)
When Jon +te Baptist, Zacari sun,
Thurgh Herod was in preson done
And might baptis men no mare,
+Tan desciples +tat with Crist ware
Baptist men both euyn and morn
Wele ma +tan John had done biforn.
+Tai gaf baptim and cristendom
To all +tat wald vntill +tam cum.
+Tan went Crist vnto Galile
And left +te cuntrese of Jude.
To +tat cuntre he wald encline
Whare he had turned water to wine.
And als he thurgh +te cuntre moued
So it bifell +tat him behoued
Pas thurgh +te land of Samary,
For +tare +te way was most redy.
+Tarfurth bihoued him far
Vnto a cete +tat hight Sichar.
+Tat cete was sett biside +te felde
<P II, 77>
+Tat Jacob sumtyme had in welde.
Als folk of Genesy it mones,
Jacob it boght of Emar suns,
And +tarin sum tyme gan he won
And gaf it se+tin to Josep his sun.
A well in +tat felde was +tare
And 'Jacob keld' to name it bare.
+Te day was faire, +te weder hate, 
And Jesu was wery of gate.
His manhede wex wery forgane,
And doun he sett him on a stane,
And rested him biside +te well,
For +tare him thoght faire for to dwell.
It was +te sext oure of +te day,
And his desciples toke +te way
Vnto +te cete +tat was biside
For to by +tam mete +tat tyde.
To +te cete war +tai went ilkane,
And als Jesu sat so allane
A woman come, so it bifell,
To fetche water at Jacobs well.
Of Samari was +tat woman,
And +tus to speke Jesus bigan.
"Woman," he said, "a drink gif me
Of +te water +tat +tou draws to +te."
+Te woman +tan gan hir avise
And answerd to him on +tis wise,
"How es it so onence +ti state?
+tou ert a Jew, right wele I wate;
+tat +tou suld ow+ter aske or craue
Water of me for to haue!
I se by +ti face and +ti wede
+Tou ert a man of Jews lede,
And I a woman Samaritane;
+Tarfore drink of me gettes +tou nane.
+Te Jews euermare, forsuth, refuse
<P II, 78>
With Samaritanes oght for to vse.
Men of +tat nacioune nothing mels
With +tam +tat in oure ledes dwels.
+Te Jews with vs neuer drinkes ne etis;
+Tarfore of me na drink +tou getis."
When Jesu al +tir wordes herd
Vnto hir sune +tus he answerd,
"Woman, if +tou vnderstode
+Te gift of God, gastly and gude,
Or in +ti hert and +tou kowth think
What I am +tat askes +te drink,
+Tan wald +tou be bousum and meke
And hertly wald +tou him biseke
To gif +te drink ful clene and pure,
Water of life +tat euer sal dure.
If +tat +tou knew here in +tis place
Him +tat es gifer of all grace,
+Ti hert to him +tou wald vplift
And of his grace ask him a gift.
And hastily to +te suld he gif 
Water +tat makes al thinges to lif."
To Crist ogain +te woman said,
"Whare hastou swilk water puruaid?"
(\Domine, in quo haurias non habes
et puteus altus est.\)
"Lord, +tou has noght in to draw,
And +te water es wonder law.
He[{re{] I se +tou sittes and restes
And askes water als man +tat thristes,
And sais +tou has water of +tine awin;
What suld +tou do with o+ter draun?
Whare suld slike water cum to +te?
Wher +tou be man of most pouste,
Mare +tan was Jacob sumtyme
+Tat held +tis well all vnto him?
And vnto vs +tis well he gafe
<P II, 79>
Water +tarof for to haue.
He and his childer ful many +gere
Vsed of +tis water here,
And his bestes euerilkane
O+ter water vsed +tai nane;
For +tam +tis well was first puruaid."
+Tan Jesu answerd sune and said,
"Woman, trow what I +te tell:
Al men +tat drinkes of +tis well,
It will noght slokken ay +taire thrist,
Bot eftsones to drink sal +tam list.
And +tai +tat drinkes here whils +tai lif
Of water +tat I haue for to gif,
I sal slek +taire thrist foreuyr;
Thrist efterward sal +tai haue neuer.
+Te water +tat I gif a man
It sal be made right in him +tan
Als a well gracius and fre,
Euermore springand for to be.
It waxes euer and vpward springes,
A man to blis of heuyn it bringes,
For vnto heuyn vpward it wendes,
Water of lif +tat neuer endes."
To Jesu +tan +te woman said
And hertly vnto him scho praid,
"+Tat water, Lord, to me +tou gif,
+Tat I neuer thrist whils I lif,
And +tat me thar cum here na mare
Water to draw als I did are."
And Jesu Crist, mighty and fre,
Vnto hir +tus answerd he,
"Wend hame, woman, vnto +ti hous
And call +ti man +tat es +ti spous,
And with him +ta[{n{] +tou cum to me
Samyn to drink both +tou and he."
+Tis woman +tan, Samaritane,
<P II, 80>
Said, "Forsuth, man haue I nane."
Jesus biheld to hir sum-dele
And said, "Woman, +tou sais ful wele
'Na man I haue', +tis es +ti saw;
Na mare +t[{o{]u has thurgh(t) Goddes law."
And +tat scho suld wele knaw his might
Vnto hir +tus said he right,
(\Quinque enim uiros habuisti,
& nunc quem habes non est tuus uir.\)
"Fiue men flessly ar +tis day
Has knawen +te, +te soth to say.
In syn so hastou led +ti liue
With o+ter wiues husbandes fiue,
And now +tat man +tat es +te next,
And with +te sins, he es +te sext;
And +ti man aw him noght to be;
Ano+ter womans man es he.
And +tus +ti wordes er verray,
'Na man I haue' so if +tou say."
When scho herd he hir dedis reherced,
Hir hert to him was sune reuersd.
"Lord," scho said, "now se I right
+Tat +tou ert prophet mekil of might,
And man +tat es of maste pouste;
By +ti saws +tat may I se.
Oure faders +tat are lifed in landes
In +tis mowntayn +tat here standes,
God of heuyn here honord +tai;
And +ge Jews omanges +gow sai
+Tat Jerusalem, +tat riche cete, 
Es stede whare God sal honord be.
And al oure faders with gude will
Honord God here in +tis hill.
A temple here was bifor +tis tide
+Tat Samaritanes had edifide,
+Tare saintes honord God sumtyme
<P II, 81>
In +tis mowntaine Garazime;
And +te Jews teches and leres,
Jerusalem es stede of praiers.
Bot +tis [{es{] noght +te mownt Mory
Of whilk spekes +te Jews story,
Whare Abraham offird his sun;
+Tare for to pray +te Jews er wun,
And +tare +tai haue a temple sett -  
To wirschip God +tai will noght lett."
Al +tus scho said for to asay
Whe+ter +tat he war prophet verray.
+Tan vnto hir al +tus said he,
"Suffer, woman, and trow to me.
+Te tyme it cums and draws nere
+Tat now+ter men in +tis mownt here
Ne in Jerusalem, +te riche cete,
Sal cum to honowre +te Fader fre.
+Ge honore and wirschippes in +gowre law,
And what +ge honor noght +ge knaw.
And we honore anely +tat thing
Wharof we haue kind knawing.
We wate to wham oure dedes we dele,
For of +te Jews cumes gastly hele.
For of +taire kinde he cumes and springes
+Tat verray hele es of al thinges.
God-sun of +tam takes fless and blude
On +tis molde for mans gude.
Into +taire kinde es cumen God-sun
For sinful mans saluacioun.
And tyme sal cum, suthly I say,
And now it es, +tis ilk day,
When wirschipoures verray and right
Sal wirschip +te Fader day and night
In +te spirite +tat suthfast es,
And in him +tat es suthfastnes.
+Te Fader of heuyn +ta men he sekes
<P II, 82>
+Tat vnto gude vertus +tam mekes,
And with gude hert him honowrs
Stedfastly both dais and oures.
+Te haly gast es God of heuyn,
More of might +tan men may neuyn,
And men +tat here will honoure him,
+tam bihoues in ilk a tyme 
Honore him in +te haly gaste,
And in suthfastnes al+ter-maste
With will in gude werkes for to won
And in suthfast trowth in God-sun.
Swilk houre cumes, als men sal se,
+Te vmber of Jews law bright sal be
When men sal noght mak +taire praiere
In +tis hill +tat +tou sese here,
Whare old men +tat war halden wise
Praied and made +taire sacrafice,
For +taire entent was for to be
On hils whare God +taire werkis might se.
God wons in heuyn and in ilk place
Whare men wirschip vnto him mase.
And vnto +tase men will he draw
+tat in hert haldes +tam meke and law,
And noght vnto +tam +tat desires
For to be high and haldes +tam sires;
Ne in +te temple men sal prai noght
+Tat in Jerusalem es wroght, 
For lang, I say, it sal noght last;
Vnto +te ground it sal be cast,
For men +taire hertes so +taron settes
+Tat gastly trowth gretely it lettes."
+Te woman +tan hir dedes gan rew
And +tus scho said vnto Jesu,
(\Scio quia Messias uenit,
qui dicitur Cristus.\)
"I wate wele Messias cums sone
Thurgh wham al suthfastnes bese done.
+Tat Crist in hali writ es cald,
<P II, 83>
Suthfastnes men sal him hald.
When [{he{] es cumen in erth to dwell
Al thinges trewly he sal vs tell."
Vnto +te woman +tan said he,
"Lo, I am Crist +tat speke[{s{] with +te."
And when al +tis was said and done,
+Tan his desciples come ful sone 
Fra +tat cete faire and grete
Whare +tai had bene to by +tam mete.
+Tai fand him sitand on +te stane
With +te woman spekeand allane.
+Tai had grete wonder +tat he wald
So with a woman spekin[{g{] hald,
Bot nane of +tam said to him +tan
Whi he spac with +tat woman,
Ne of him nathing wald +tai spir
What counsail +tat he held with hir.
+Te woman saw +tam cumand +tat tide
And langer wald scho noght abyde,
Bot +tare scho sett hir wessel doun
And fast scho ran vnto +te toun.
And when scho come +te cete in 
Scho said to al men, more and myn:
(\Uenite & videte hominem
qui dixit mihi omnia quecumque feci.\)
"Cums," scho said, "and +ge sal se
A man +tat has said vnto me
Al +te suth and lained noght
Of al +te werkes +tat I haue wroght.
He tald me al my preuetese;
If he be Crist cums on and sese."
Al of +te folk with ane assent
Out of +te cete sone +tai went.
Of puple went ful grete plente
out of +te cete Crist to se.
Al his desciples bifor him stode
<P II, 84>
and said to him with mild mode,
[{ (\Rabbi, manduca.\) {]
"Rabi," vnto him +tai said,
"Ett of +tis mete we haue puruaid."
+Tan answerd Crist of mightes grete
And said +tus, "I haue for to ette
Fude +tat falles for my state
Of +te wilk nothing +ge wate."
+Tan herof had +tai wonder strang
And said +tir wordes +tam omang,
"Whe+ter any man has heder soght
And fude for +tis day to him broght?"
+Tan said Crist with milde mode,
"Here in +tis werld it es my fode
For to wirk my Faders will,
+Tat has he sent me to fulfill.
+Tat es +te fode me falles to haue
Fra endles paine man-saul to saue.
And +ge men of +tis werld here
+Tat knawes +te kindes of +te +gere,
+Ge sai now al in +gowre wisdom
+Tat foure monethes er for to cum,
Or cornes +tat in cuntrese ere
Be ripe in sesun for to schere,
Bot suthly vnto +gow I say:
Liftes vp +gowre eghen and se +ge may
How al +te feldes +tat fruites bere
Er white and ripe, redy to schere.
Bihaldes and lukes furth +gow biforn:
+Te feldes er white, ripe es +te corn.
And suthly ilk a man +tat scheres
His mede he takes and with him beres.
And many fruites to him he wines
In lastand life +tat neuer blines,
So +tat he +tat al-thing knaws, 
+Tat his sede here omanges +gow sawes
<P II, 85>
May haue ioy ouer o+ter thinges
+Tat his sede faire furth bringes.
And he +tat scheres als ioy he makes
In endles fruites he to him takes.
Takes kepe my word, it es verray
In al thinges +tat I +gow say.
Ane es he +tat saws +te sede,
Ano+ter es he +tat repis for mede.
I haue +gow sent now all onew
To schere +te sede +tat +ge neuer sew.
Of fruites sal +ge tak +te mede
For whilk +ge neuer traueld in dede.
Oper men traueld ful +gern
In Goddes laus +te folk to lern.
And in +taire werkes entre +ge make
+Te mede of +taire trauail to take.
+Te prophetes +tat bifor +gow ware
Trauailed ful fast in Goddes lare.
Now er +ge entrid in +taire dede
Of +taire trauail to tak +te mede."
+Tare war many Samaritane
+Tat herd +tir wordes euerilkane,
And vnto Crist fast gan +tai trow
And bainly till his bidinges bow
For wordes of +te woman +tare
+Tat of his werkes ay witnes bare.
Scho cried euer with voice ful balde,
"Al my dedis +tis man me talde,
And plainly has he said to me
Al my werkes +tat war preue."
+Tan al +ta men of Samary
+Tat saw his werkes so mighty
Praied him if it war his will
With +tam +tat he wald dwell still,
So +tat +tai moght wit or he went
More what his meruailes biment.
And in +tat cete he him held,
Twa dais till ende with +tam he dweld.
<P II, 86>
And or twa dais till ende war past
Folk of +te cuntre ferly fast
Trowed ful trewly in Jesus,
And to +te woman said +tai +tus,
"Noght for +ti wordes, wele wit +tou,
Allane in Jesu will we trow,
Bot for +tat we +te suth may se
+Tat God-su[{n{] verrayly es he. 
And wele we wate and vnderstand
By his lare in ilk a land
+Tat he [{es{] +te werldes Sauioure,
Sent for sinful mans socoure."  

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P II, 203> 
[} [\ (\NARRACIO DE MONACHO\) (JOY IN PARADISE)\] }]
[} (\NARRACIO DE MONACHO\) }]

Ane haly monk had grete langing
In his life to se sum takining
How he might knaw +te lest blis
+Tat +tai in heuyn sall neuer mis.
+Tarfore he prayed to God of might
With grete deuociowne day and night.
And when he was man of grete elde,
And wex waike and ful vnwelde,
Of couent werke he was made fre,
And all at his awin will was he,
Als +gong man +tat trauailes trewly
To haue ese in eld es worthi.
Fell auenture +tat +te couent
To kirk, als +tai war wont, er went,
Fra +te chapeter efter prime,
Als monkes vsed in +tat tyme.
And +tis gude man, als +ge may here,
In +te cloister made his prayere,
And euer was his thoght on +tis:
To se sum point of heuyn blis,
Out of +tis life or he ferd;
And of God was his praye[{r{]s herd.
A foule he saw bifor him sit,
And wele him thoght he suld tak it.
So faire a foule had he neuer sene,
His hert +tarto was casten clene.
Toward +te fowle +tan he went;
He hopid it in his hand to hent.
It hipped bifore him in +te gate.
Till it come at +te abbay +gate.
+Te foule so tilled him furth +tat tide
Vntill a wode was +tarbiside.
And +tare he fand so grete solase
+Tat hame to win no thoght he hase.
<P II, 204>
+Te fowle flegh vntill a bogh,
And +te monk nere to him drogh.
+Te foule sang with ful lufly soune,
+Te monk to here has set him doune.
So wele him liked +te fowles sang
+Tat +te+tin he thogh[{t{] nothing to gang.
Bot when +te sang was broght to ende,
+Tan he thoght wele for to wende
Hame ogaine, als he was won,
Vnto +te howre of vnderon.
+Te foule flegh fra him oway,
And he went vnto his abbay.
And euyn ogayne he toke +te gate,
Als he come to +te abbay-+gate,
And whare +te +gate was wont to stand
A mose-bigrouen wall he fand.
+Tare wist he wele +tat he come out:
Ferly him thoght and went obout.
O+ter +gates sone fand he +tare
And wist he saw +tam neuer are.
+Te porter asked him in hy
Whare mo was of his cumpany,
And how +tat he was +teder broght.
And +tan +te monk grete meruaile thoght.
He said, "I am of +tis abbay,
I went right now out me to play."
+Te porter said, "+Tou has gane wrang,
+Tou was neuer monk here vs omang.
Here wond +tou neuer, +tat wele wate I."
And +tan +te monk thoght grete ferly.
Howses and werk he saw all new
And men+ge +tat he neuer knew.
Vnto +te kirk he wald haue gane,
Bot +tederward way wist he nane.
+Te porter him vnto +te kyrk lad
<P II, 205>
Als man +tat was mased and mad.
+Te prior him to parlore cald
And spirred his name, and he him talde,
And how he went fro +tat abbay,
Folowand a fowl +tat ilk day.
He said, "Grete ferly thinkes me
+Tat I +tis hows +tus changed se.
Me think I wate noght what I may
In +tis case of myself say,
+Tat it es in so litell tyme
Changed sen +tis day at prime,
For now I se here na felaw,
Ne no man +tat I can knaw."
+Tan +te prior asked him
Who was abbot in +tat time.
He said at morn +tat ilk day
Was he abbot of +tis abbay.
He neuynd +tan +te mans name
+Tat was +tare when he went fra hame.
+Te prior +tan soght manyfalde,
And +tat abbot +tat he of talde
Was ded bifore thre hundreth +gere,
Als +tai fand in +taire cronicles clere.
And in +te same +gere fand +tai
How ane olde [{monk{] went him to play,
And neuer herd se+tin tell
Of +tat monk how it bifell.
+Tan wist +tai wele +tat ilk was he,
And thanked God with hertes fre.
When +te monk wist how he had bene
Fra hame thre hundreth +gere bedene,
+Tan all +te tale he gan +tam tell
What made him so lang to dwell.
+Tan howsell asked he in haste
And vnto God he gaf +te gaste,
To won in welth withowten wo.
<P II, 206>
God len vs +tat we may do so!
All +tis ensample +tus es talde
To make men in +taire herte balde
+Tat ful mekil es +te moste blis
+Tat in +te ioy of heuyn euer is,
Sen +tat +te lest [{blis{] was slike,
+Tat +te monk so wele gan like,
+Tat of thre hundreth +geres and ma
Thoght him na more bot [{oures{] twa.
A, Lord, blith aght vs to be
When we think inwardly +tat we
Sal lif ay in +tat bigly blis
And neuer of +ta mirthes mis.
Gude werkes gladly we suld bigin,
+Tat vnto +tat welth might vs win,
And be ful fayn here for to take
Sorows sere for Cristes sake,
And trewly trow euermore in +tis
+Tat oure bale sal be turned to blis;
Als Crist to his desciples dere
In +te godspell sais on +tis manere,
"All +gowre care sall turned be
Vnto aylastand gamin and gle."
Al +tat he hight he held ful euyn,
For al +tai er in blis of heuyn.
All +te turmentes +tat +tai gan take
In +taire cors for Cristes sake
Es turned to ioy and solace;
And if we will folow +taire trace,
+Tan sal we beld with +tam in blis.
+Tarto alweldand God vs wis! 

<S SAMPLE 3> 
<P III, 124>
[} (\EXPOSICIO FLETIS MAGDALENE\) }]

On sere wise penance for to hald
<P III, 125>
Men in +tis werld with Crist er cald.
With prophet sawes sum biddes he cum,
And with his awin word calles he sum,
Sum with ensaumple of forgifnes, 
Als of +tis woman beres witnes.
God said in (+te) boke of prophecy,
"My will es noght sinful suld dy,
But +tat he lif and turn his thoght,
And mend +te mis +tat he has wroght."
And als he sais, +te suth to tell,
And wreten es in +te euangell,
"I come noght to +tis werld for +tis,
+De rightwis men at call to blis,
Bot I come for to call and win
To penance +tam +tat has done sin;
And thurgh penance sall +tai wende
To welth +tat es withouten ende."
+Dus es it by ensaumple sene
Of +tis ilk Mari Mawdelene
Sorow of hert to haue pardoune
Es better [{+tan{] pr[{o{]ud religioune.
+Dis phariseu, proud, religiouse,
Was enspired to bid Crist till hous.
Oure Lord so enspired his mode,
And all for erthly mans gude.
Noght for himself sit wal[{d{] he +tus
With sinfull men, bot all for vs.
Crist in +tat hows togeder had broght
+Dis woman +tat sere sins had wroght,
And [{+te{] proud religius pharisew
+Dat held him gude and was noght trew;
Or worthines he made grete boste,
And with +te law he him endoset.
Iuied +tare ware both +taire dedes,
Of +taire werkes to knaw +taire medes.
Of Mari penance to haue in thoght
<P III, 126>
More liked to murn +tan to say oght.
Hir teres and hir sare wepeinges
Vs to ensaumple of penance bringes.
In hert biheld scho on all wise
How scho suld best fra bales rise;
And asschamed nothing was scho
In sight of folk what scho suld do.
Vnboden to fest scho toke +te gate
Omanges all +tat at burdes sate.
In scho come, and none hir bad,
Omang riche metes and gestes glad.
Onence hirself no schame hir thoght,
Slike sorow in hir hert was soght.
To wepe it schamed noght hir mode
Bifor riche men of erthly gude.
Scho knew +te filth of hir foul sins;
To well of mercy sune scho rines,
+Dare for to be clensed clene.
No schame hir thoght for to be sene
For +te grete schame of filth of sin
+Dat scho knew in hirself within;
No thoght hirself without
Schamed to be of folk about.
Crist +tat wele wist all hir wogh,
Vnto his mercy he hir drogh
When he thurgh mekenes and pete
Resaiued hir ane of his to be.
Ane vnement broght scho vnto him
+Dat scho had vsed in pride sumtyme.
Scho wesche, scho dried, scho enoynt, scho kist,
Whare hir medcyn to win scho wist.
His fete enoynt scho in +tat tide
With vnement scho [{had{] vsed in pride,
+Dat scho bifore vsed for to gif
Vntill hir fless fouly to lif.
With sorowful hert scho hir profers,
<P III, 127>
And so hirself to God scho offers.
Hir eghen +tat war wont to bihald
Vnto folis, als hir fless wald,
Bowsum war +tai +tare to grete;
+De teres towched oure Lordes fete.
+De hare +tat scho sumtyme set out,
To ger men bihald hir obout,
+Darwith oure Lordes fete scho dried,
And so hir wikkednes scho wried.
With mouth sumtyme scho spak foly
And wordes of lust and litchery;
+Darwith scho kissed oure Lordes fete
Ful bousumly hir bale [{to{] be[{te{] .
Als fele defautes als scho are had
Als fele mekenes to God scho made.
All vices +tat scho are gan vse,
All turned scho +tan into vertuse;
So all +te thinges +tat in hir was
Gifen vnto blame and to trispas
Turned scho to God at all rightes,
To honore him with all hir mightes.
+De phariseu proud and mis-avised
+Dis sinfull woman sone despised
And noght anly ang[{e{]rd he was
+Dat scho approched vnto +tat place,
Bot he blamed oure Lord so dere
+Dat he lete hir so negh him nere,
And said if he war prophet trew
He suld noght do so, sen he knew
How +tat scho had sinful bene,
Als in +tat cete oft was sene.
Lo, +tis ilk prowd pharisew
Wist noght +te mightes of Jesu.
He blamed hir for folis fele,
And als +te leche +tat hir suld hele.
+De phariseu in saul was seke
<P III, 128>
For vnknawing and hert vnmeke.
Both war seke, +te woman and he,
Bot his sekenes he kouth noght se.
Scho knew hir sekenes, and he noght;
+De leche bitwene twa seke was broght.
+De woman to hirself toke kepe;
For hir sekenes sare gan scho wepe.
+De pharisew so proud of mode
His awin sekenes noght vnderstode.
Of Goddes werkes nothing he wist;
+Darfore of gastly hele he mist;
And scho +tat trowed stedfastly
Was helid thurgh his mercy.
By +tis ensample may we se
If a man neuer so sinfull be,
And he in Crist will trow trewly,
And for his misdede mercy cry,
And stedfast hope of helping haue,
Of all his sin he may be saue.
God grante vs grace so for to trow,
And so vnto his biddinges bow,
And so for to forsake oure sin
+Dat we may till his welthes win. 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P III, 133>
[} (\EXPOSICIO FILIJ VIDUE RESUSCITATIS\) }]

Jesus wald +tir dedes do,
For erthly men suld tent +tarto,
For thurgh swilk meruailes he wald
+Dat many men till his trowth war cald.
+Dis dede cors +tat +tai bare obout,
To be doluen withouten dout,
Out of +te cete +tai him bare,
For +tat he suld be grauen +tare,
Suthly may it signify
Ilk man +tat sins in dede dedly,
And ilk a man here filed in syn
Thurgh thoghtes in his hert within
Ded also, forsuth, es he,
Als to be grauen within cete.
And when +tat slike likinges of thoght
Furth in sinfull werk er wroght,
+Dat menes, man-saul for to be lorn,
Als cors out of +te cete born,
<P III, 134>
For als man makes his mancioune
Within a cete to dwell and won,
Right so men saules on sum wise
Entres into +taire bodise,
When +tai assent to flesly will
Sum tyme to gude, sum tyme to ill.
+De +gates of +te same cete
+De fiue wittes of man may be,
For euinly bi +ta wittes fiue
Entres to man-saul ded or liue.
For+ti ilk man bihoues algates
+Geme wele his fiue bodily +gates,
+Geme his eghen at all his mightes
In +tis werld fra vnworthly sightes,
And also suld man +geme his eres
No thinges to here +tat his saul deres;
And als +te thirles of his nose
Fro euil smelling suld be close,
And fra all werkes withdraw his handes,
+Dat ogaines Goddes will oght standes,
And his fete [{suld{] +geme alswa,
In [{euil{] gates +tat +tai noght ga;
+Dat es to say, in wayes of syn,
Or whare euil dedes may bigin.
And he +tat in himself may fele
+Dat he +geme +tir fiue +gates wele
Vnto God +tan worthi es he,
Gastly to life raised at be.
+De widow es haly kirk to hald
+Dat for +tis skill es widow cald,
For ay scho +gernes hir Lordes present,
Sen he to heuyn fra hir es hent.
And als widow in +tis werld left
Habides scho till his cuming eft,
Hir dedes in +tis werld for to deme
If scho haue serued him to queme.
<P III, 135>
+Dis widow sun +tat on bere lies
Menes cristen man +tat gastly dies;
Gastly in saul to dy he bigines
+Dat bodily dose dedly sines.
+De moder wepe for hir sun dere
+Dat bodily ded was broght on bere,
So haly kirk here for hir suns
Euer in dole and wepeing wons;
Night ne day scho neuer ses,
Till time +tat God +taire sins relese.
When Jesus saw +te widow murned
To werkes of mercy he him turned   
And said +tus, 'Woman, wepe no mare.',
Lo, how +tis menes in gastly lare:
Thurgh +te wepeing of haly saintes,
To wham men for sin mase +taire plaintes,
For sinful men God almighty
Mekes him to werkes of mercy.
+De bere whare-on +te cors was laid
Sinful mans conciens es said.
+Dan Jesus towches on +te bere
When he with grace in +tis werld here
Towches a mans conciens, 
And so fra sines mase gude defens.
He hardens a mans hert within
To stand ogains +te dedes of syn,
And also soft he will it make, 
Penans for his sins to take.
+Dai +tat +te body to biriing beres
Er tonges of fals loseniers
+Dat seses neuer to prayse and rose
+Dam +tat +tai se euill dose.
+Dai couer sin vnder wordes faire, 
Als men dose ded cors vnder laire;
So hid +tai sines foul and rogh,
Als stinkand cors es vnder throgh,
Or +tai may mene men sins sertaine
+Dat beres +te saule to endles paine.
<P III, 136>
+De bere to touche when Jesu +gode,
+Dai +tat bare it still +tai stode,
For when a man in his hert murnes,
And to +te wayes of penance turnes,
Euil dedes to vse fra +tan he blines,
And in him seses custome of sines.
+Dat +te bere beres houes still
When sinful man changes his will,
And touched he es thurgh Goddes grace
For to defende him fra his fase,
And +gemes him wele both daies and oures
Fra roseing of fals losengoures.
And when +te bere [{so{] doun was sett,
+Dus said oure Lord withouten lett:
(\Adolescens, tibi dico: surge.\)
To +te child said he on +tis wise,
"+Gong man, I bid +tat +tou vp-rise."
A man +tat here with sins es slaine
Quikkens vnto life ogaine,
Als sone als he will sese of sins,
And dedis of penance here bigins.
When he forsakes werkes wik,
In gude dedes he waxes quik,
And for to speke bigins he sone
When he schewes what he has done,
And wries himself and laines noght
Of all +te sins +tat he has wroght,
Bot in schrift schewes +tam opinly
And menes him to God almighty,
And ordaines him with al his might
To serue God both day and night.
Man to his moder es +golden ogaine
In werld thurgh prestes office plaine
When he to +te kirk es recouncild,
Assoyled of sins +tat him had filde,
Of whilk sins bot he war clene
<P III, 137>
His saul [{suld{] als ded be sene
And won in wa withouten end,
Bot if it war in erth amend.
Also +tis man +tat +tusgat died
By man-kind may be signifide
First when +te fende gan with him striue
And gert him leue +te way of liue.
+Dis woman +tat for +te cors murnes
To Jews temples sum men it turnes,
For patriarkes and sere prophetes
In haly writ oftsithes s[{e{]ttes
+Dat Jewes mase offrandes and murnes
When erthly man to peris turnes;
+Darfore to +taire sinagoges sais Crist,
"Murnes na more for men perist,
For man-kind +tat lang ded has bene
Rise vnto life it sall be sene."
+De bere to touche when Jesus moued,
+Dai +tat it bare stode still and houed,
And no ferrer +tai bare +te bere;
+Dat may be ment on +tis manere:
Fra mans hert be touched in haste
Thurgh vertu of +te haly gaste,
So +tat he gude werkes bigin,
And fulfils penance for his sin,
+Dan seses +te forse and +te mightes
Of +te fendes and werid wightes.
He sett him vp +tat ded had bene,
Man-kind on +tat maner to mene
+Dat turned es right way to wende
Vnto +te life withowten ende.
He +tat was ded, to speke bigan
In +tis werld here when sinful man
+Dat sumtyme wirschipt in sere landes
Maumettes made with mans handes,
To God allane +taire hertes lift
<P III, 138>
And schewed +taire sin with opin schrift.
+De childe es +golden +te moder vnto
When man in werld Goddes will wil do,
And lede his life, and noght be irk,
Efter +te laus of haly kirk. 
God len vs so in land to lif
+Dat we oure gast to him may gif.



<B CMWYCSER>
<Q M3 IR SERM WSERM4>
<N WSERM I/S4>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ENGLISH WYCLIFFITE SERMONS, VOL. I.
ED. A. HUDSON.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1983.
PP. 236.1 - 239.90  (S.4)      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 283.1 - 286.84  (S.16)
PP. 313.1 - 316.88  (S.23)
PP. 335.1 - 339.97  (S.28)
PP. 355.1 - 359.104 (S.32)
PP. 373.1 - 377.99  (S.36)
PP. 412.1 - 417.2   (S.43)

PP. 475.1 - 480.141 (E.S.1)    (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 521.1 - 524.93  (E.S.11)
PP. 588.1 - 592.3   (E.S.27)
PP. 643.1 - 647.4   (E.S.40)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,236>
[} (\DOMINICA QUARTA [{POST FESTUM TRINITATIS.
EVANGELIUM.{] SERMO 4.\) }] 

[} (\ESTOTE MISERICORDES. LUCE 6.\) }]

This gospel meueth men to mercy a+gen +te ypocrisye of +tese    #
false
pharisees. And Crist byddith furst generally men (^to be        #
merciful 'as
+gowre Fadur is merciful'^) , for whan a general word ys seyd   #
by
hymself hit schal be taken for +te moste famous. Ther beth many
fadres, as fadur of kynde and fadur of lore, but +te moste      #
proper
fadur ys he +tat made men of noht, for he is fadur of mennys    #
body
and fadur of her sowles, and in vertu of hym worchen alle other
fadres. And +tis fadur schulde we suwe in alle oure werkys,     #
for, al
[{+gif{] we may not atteyne to +tis fadur, ner+teles +to        #
werkys be
noh+gtys +tat ben noht ensaumplyd and wroht bi +tis fadur. +Te
mercy of +tis fadur kan we not telle fully, for he ys +te moste
worchere +tat may ben in +tis world; and he can not worche but
+gif he medle mercy, for he wrohte by mercy wan he made +tis
world, sythe he dyde good to aungeles and made hem parfi+gt
and bro+gte hem to hey+ger stat withowten here desert. And so
whanne he doth good to ony creature, he makyth hit parfit of    #
his 
pure grace. Si+t God almi+gty, al witty and al goodly, kan not
<P I,237>
worche but +gif he worche by mercy, be we +tanne merciful for
goodnesse of God. +Te leste mercy of men ys among clerkys, +tat
wolen not +gyue goodus of grace but +gif +tei sullen hem. And  
+terfore +tis sinne is heresye byfor God, +te moste and +te     #
fyrste +tat
parti+t men fro God, for +tey weyen her wynnyng more +tan +ter
God. And herfore al +tat we doon schulde be doon in Godys 
name, to worchipe of oure God and profi+gt of his cherche.      #
+Ge, +gif
we be holden bothe to God and man by resoun of dette to don a
good dede, loke +tat +tis resoun be fyrst his in owre +towt.    #
And so
no man may excusen hym fro werkys of mercy, as no man may
wante werkys of a good wille for +tat werk ys +te furste and    #
hey+gest
in man. Furst schulde a man haue mercy of hymself, and mercy of
his moder +tat is holy cherche, and +tan hath he mercy of al    #
+te
ende of his kyn.
   The secounde word of Crist (^forbedyth fool iugement^) .     #
And resoun
of +tis stondeth herynne +tat God may not iuge folily ony man;
and so, as oure wille ha+t nede to be clo+tid wi+t mercy, so    #
oure
vndurstondyng hath nede to haue ri+gt iugement. For many men
wenen to be merciful to ypocrites, and +tei don harm to men to
whiche +tey wenen do profi+gt. And many men wenen to iuge +ter
bre+tren, and +get +tei iugen falsely and cruelly of many. And  #
yche
man schulde tempre such iugement aftyr God, for God in his
iugement may not faylen fro resoun.
<P I,238>
   The +tridde word (^biddyth cristen men be war of foly        #
dampnyng vppe
peyne of +ter dampnacion^) . And, al [{+gif{] +tis semeth no    #
comun sinne
among men, ner+teles alle maner of men synnen herinne, as
prelatys  +tat dampne men in maner of +ter cursyng and ofte
tymes +tei wyten not how +tei ben to God; and by reputacion     #
+tat
schulde be taken of Godes lawe +tes men don wel as God bidde+t
hem do. Lordes iugen ofte tymes +tat o+ter men don amys, whan
+tey displeson hem in +ter wrong wille, as we dampnen Clement
with his fautours and +tei dampnen vs, and o kyng dampnyth his
aduersary and he dampnyth hym a+gen, and comunes dampnon
prowde men and o+tur men to ben ypocrites. And comunly fool
iugement ys a +ting +tat men knowen not, for +tey ledon not     #
+ter wit 
aftyr Godes lawe, for +tei presumen as +te fend to connen +tat  #
+tei
knowen not.
   The fourthe and +te fi+te word (^biddeth men for+gyuen, and  #
+gyue sum
maner of goodys, and so schal God rewarden hem^) . And not al   #
only God,
but seyntes in heuene schal rewarde men after +tat +tey han     #
here
don to hem; for +tese fyue dedys alarged to alle men mute haue
summe men seyntys in heuene, and +tese seyntes schullen rewarde
men here in habundaunce of foure +tingus. Furst +tei schullen
rewarde men (^in a good mesure^) , for seyntys in heuene don    #
bettur to
men +tan +tei duden to hem here in +tis lif; and where men      #
dyden
scarsly good to +ter bre+tren, seyntes fullen trewe men with    #
alle
maner of goodys. And +tis fullyng ys not voydid but (^sadly
replenyched^) and at +te laste (^hit is hepid^) as myche as     #
hit wole take.
And sych metyng of corn, mele or o+ter +tyng wolde be preisud
<P I,239>
among men for largenesse of +te metere. And +tis +tyng men han
here in her bosim, but God fulleth +te substaunce. For certys,  #
(^in
such mesure as men mesuren^) to +ter bre+tren, (^schal hit be   #
mesurut to hem^)
by iugement of God +gif +te mesur be good +tei schal haue good
a+gen, and +gif +te mesur be vniust +tey schal haue peyne       #
a+gen.
   And, for defawte in al +tis comyth of ypocrisye of prelatys  #
+tat
schulden techen pleynly Godys lawe and not here er+tely
wynnyngus, +terfore seith Crist in his parable +tat (^+gif +te  #
blynde lede
+te blynde +tei fallen bo+te in +te dy+gk^) . But for Crist     #
schulde be oure
maystur, and we schulde not straunghe from hym, we schulden
leue +tese ypocrites and suwe lore of +tis goode maystur,       #
si+ten he
may not leue trew+te, ne faylen in techyng of trewthe. And +tus
schulde (^men ben parfi+gt^) and fle +te rote of falsehed. And  #
+tese
prelates han of +ter maistur comunly +tis maner +tat (^+tei     #
kan see a
mote in +ter brother y+ge, but a beem in +ter owne y+ge +tenke  #
+tey not on^) ; for +ter
wyt is set to spuyle and to acusen and not for to helpen hem ne
o+ture men, and herfore +ter coueytyse blendi+t hem +tus. But   #
by
lore of Crist men schulden seye to hem ' (^Ypocrite, cast       #
furst +te beem
owt of +tin owne y+ge, and +tanne maistow pyke betur +te mote   #
fro +ti bro+tur^) '.
Here may we see +tat sugetys schylden blame prelatys whan +tey
sen opynly greet defawtys in hem, as defawte of Godus lawe in
kepyng and techyng; for +tis is a beem by +te whyche +te fend
bynde+d his hows, and +tei schulden knowe +tis, as +tei         #
schulden fele
+te lore herof. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WSERM16>
<N WSERM I/S16>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,283>
[} (\DOMINICA XVI [{POST FESTUM TRINITATIS.
EVANGELIUM.{] SERMO 16.\) }]

[} (\IBAT IESUS IN CIVITATEM QUE VOCATUR NAYM. LUCE 7.\) }]

This gospel tellu+t of o miracle +tat Crist dude of a deed      #
body, +tat
was +te secounde of +tre +tat Crist reisude fro de+t to lyue.   #
And so
tellu+t +te gospel +tat (^Iesu wente into a citee +tat is       #
clepyd Naym wi+t hise
disciples and o+tur peple, and whan he cam ny+g +te +gate of    #
+te cytee, cam a cors
+tat was boren to be beryed, +tat was a child of a wydwe. And   #
myche peple of
+tis citee caam wi+t his wydwe^) and maden sorwe. (^And whanne  #
Crist saw
+tis wydwe, he hadde mercy vpon hyre and bad hire wepe not,     #
but went[{e{]
and towchide +te bere +tat +tey booren, and +tise men +tat      #
boore +tis beere stooden^)
stylle to see +te eende. (^And Cryst seyde to +te dede body     #
'+Gong mon, I bydde
+te arys'. And +tat +gong man +tat was deed sat vp and bygan    #
to speke.
And Crist +gaf hym to his modyr. And alle +te peple hadde       #
drede, and
preysuden God, and seyden +tat a gret prophete roos among hem   #
and +tat God
hadde visyted his peple^) for +tis myracle +tat +tei sawen.
   The gospel tellu+t of +tre deede bodyes +tat Crist reysude   #
froo
de+t to lyue. +Te fyrste was +te personys dowtyr, +tat he       #
reysude
wi+tynne in +te hows. +Te secownde was +tis wydwe sone, +tat he
<P I,284>
qwykede in +te +gate. +Te +trydde was +te stynkynde careyne,    #
+tat he
qwekude in +te graue. And +tis bytokne+t +tre synnes +tat God
for+gyue+t in +tis world. +Te fyrste bytokne+t ful concense     #
for to don
a+geynes Godus wille but hit come+t not owht in dede, as +te    #
mayde
lay in +te hows. +Te secownde bytokne+t +te secownde synne      #
whan a
man to wykkyd wille putti+t a wickyd dede, but he come+t not to
custoom as dyde Lazarus +tat was beryud in a graue; and +tis    #
is +te
+gonge man +tat we speken of stoondyng in +te +gate. +Te        #
+tridde
synne addi+t to +tese two a long custoom to lye in synne, and   #
+tis is
Lazar +tat ly+t stynkynde fowre dayes in his sepulcre.
   +Tis secownde is a wydwe sone for syche synnerus whanten     #
God,
and so +tey, faylyng of spowse of +te chyrche, may wel be       #
clepud a
wydwe; but +tei han sorwe of here synne and o+tur ney+geborwus
also. Crist byddi+t +te beere stonden whanne he sesu+t men of   #
her
synne; and he towchyth +te body whanne he +gyue+t hem
contricion; and he comawnde+t hit to rysen whanne he
comanwnde+t meedful werkys. And +tis man bygynne+t to speke
whan he +tanky+t God in grace; and Crist +gyue+t hym to hys
modur whanne he maky+t hym to helpon hys chyrche. And +tus
wente Crist into Naym whanne he entryde newe to hys chyrche,
for Naym is as myche to seyn as 'flowyng' of 'mouyng'; for +te
chyrche fyrst flowyde wi+t synne, and sy+t was meuyd to God by
bemys of +te Hooly Goost whan hit hadde grace to come to hym.
<P I,285>
Wi+t Crist wenten his disciples and a greet rowte of folk, for
manye wheren helperus of God to bryngon his chyrche to riht
stat. +Te +gate of +ti[{s{] cytee is entre to religioun of      #
Cristus chyrche,
in whyche +gate been manye +gong[{e{] men blynded and dede
gostly, for +tei knowen not Cristus religiown, how hit passu+t  #
alle
o+tre. And so in +tis +gate ben two maner of dede men; to summe
loki+t Crist and qwyku+t hem in grace and +gyue+t hem power and
wille to come clene to his ordre, and wyte +tat alle o+tre      #
ordres ben
charghows to men, as myche as +tei adden to Cristes religioun,  #
for
noon addicion is wor+t but +gif Godis lawe grounwde hit. Summe
ben dede in +tis +gate +tat Crist qwykeny+t not, but lasten in  #
+tere
olde errowrus to +ter de+t day, and ben +tese +tat taken a lyf
vngrowndid clene in Godis lawe; and +tese men lasten in +ter
errour owt of +te bowndis of Godis lawe, and ben boren fro +te  #
+gate
to be beryut in helle. But +ter is a pryue qwykyng +tat God     #
do+t ny
+te de+t +tat we cannot telle of, but +gif God wole schewon     #
hit vs,
and +terfore foly iugement schulde be fled in +tis mater. And   #
+tus
+tese men +tat beren +tis beere to putte +tis dede man in       #
eurthe ben
men +tat consenten and procuren to wyckydnesse. And so vpon
+tes +tresynnys ha+t God mercy here, but vpon +te fur+te synne  #
God
cesu+t neuere to punysche, for +tei synnen to +ter de+t and so  #
a+gen
+te Holy Gost - +tat God mut nede punysche wi+towten ende si+t
+tis synne may haue noon ende in helle.
   In +tis mater we schulde be war of perel of ypocrisye, for   #
monye
<P I,286>
feynen hem in statys and doon +te reuerse in her lyf. And +get  #
+tei
seyn +tei be+t parfyter in +ter lyf +tan were +te furste        #
clerkys of
Crist. And +tus enemyes to Cristys religioun chalanghen to ben  #
of
his ordre, al +gif +tei doon euene +te reuerse to name +tat     #
+tei
beren, as +te pope schulde be moste meke man, moste seruisable
and moste poore, as we ben tawte in seyn Petre +tat was pope    #
next
aftyr Crist. And now men seyn +tat +te pope mot nede reuerse    #
+tis
ordenaunce and haue more power for to do +tingus +tat towchen
excellence. And +tus byschopys, +tat schulde be clerkys and     #
poore
men as apostles weren, ben moste lordis of +tis world and       #
reuersen
apostles lif. Sum tyme monkys weren lewyde men, as seyntes in
Ierusaleem, and +tanne +tei kepton +tei hemself fro synne, as   #
seynt
Bernard beru+t witnesse. But now monkys ben turnes vnto
lordys of +tis world, moste ydel in Godus traueyle, and seyn    #
+tat
+tei ben betture monkys +tan were +te furste seyntys. And so    #
frerys,
+tat weren bre+tren in Crist and no+gt charghows to +te         #
chyrche,
ne+tur in nowmbre, ne in clo+ting, ne in mete, ne in howsyng,   #
ben
euene turned a+gen fro +te fyrste lif of hem. And +get by +ter
ypocrisye +tei blynde +te chirche many gatis. And +tus names of
offisys, and namus of vertewes also, ben chawnghed by           #
ypocrisye,
and cursyd men rewlen +te world. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WSERM23>
<N WSERM I/S23>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,313> 
[} (\DOMINICA XXIII [{POST FESTUM TRINITATIS.
EVANGELIUM.{] SERMO 23.\) }]

[} (\ABEUNTES PHARISEI. MATHEI 22.\) }]

+Te storye of +tis gospel tellu+t how +te pharisees casten to   #
desseyue
Crist by wordis of ypocrisye. And so (^+te pharises, wendyng    #
owth^) fro +te
weye of trew+te, (^maden a cownseil by hemself to take Iesu in  #
speche^) ; and
fyrst +tei spoken fagyng wordys, as ypocrytes don, but +geet    #
(^+tei
senten here disciples^) and come not hemself, leste +tei weron  #
conuycte
by wisdam of Crist. +Tei senten to Crist two peples, (^Iewys    #
and
Herodyanes^) , to witnesse a+genys hym whateuere he hadde seyd,
o+tur a+gen +te Iewes or a+gen +te emperour. (^'Maister,' +tei  #
seiden, 'we
wyte wel +tat +tow art sad, trewe, and +te weye +tat ledi+t to  #
God +tow techist in 
trew+te, and +tow takist noon hed of man^) but boldly tellust   #
+te so+te, (^for
+tow reckist of noo man^) but puttist God byfore.' And aftyr    #
+tei axedon
+tis questioun of Crist, +tat he schulde tellen +tat hym        #
+towhte and
not by o+tur mennys witt, (^we+tur hit were leueful to +gyue    #
taliage to +te
emperour^) . Hem +towte +tat Crist schulde nede sey o+tur       #
'+ge' or
'nay'; +gif he seyde '+ge' he spak a+gen +te Iewys, for +tei    #
chalanghedon
of +ter fadris to be sughet to noo man, and +gif he seyde
'nay' he were a+genus +te emperour; and so on eche syde hem
<P I,314>
+towte +tat Crist was taken. But Crist schewyde furst +te       #
purpos of
+tese ypocrites. Whan Iesu knew +te wickidnesse of +tes false
men, he clepud hem ypocrytes and (^axede wharto +tey temptydon  #
hym^) ;
and eft Crist took a mene weye ano+tur +tan +tei +towten on.    #
(^'Schewe
+ge me' seyde Crist, '+te mone of +te taliage.' And +tei        #
schewedon hym a peny.
And Crist axede ouer, 'Whose ymage is +tis? and whose wrytyng   #
aboue?' +Tei
seyden hit was +te emperours.^) And Crist +gaf hem +tis         #
answer, general
and sotyl, (^'+Gyue +ge to +te emperour +tat is his, and to     #
God +tat is his'^) ; by 
whiche word hit seme+t +tat Crist approuede +te emperour and
subieccion to hym, in +tat +tat he maki+t Godis pees, and       #
seruyse
propre to God schulde be kept to hym. And so Cristys wordis
my+gte no man disproue.
   Heere may men towche +te malis of ypocrisye for +ter is no   #
werse
synne, ne more general, ne more venemows, for hit is more euyl
+tat his +tus contrarie+t to trew+te, si+t an ypocrite feyne+t  #
hym
hooly, and he is a false fend. And herfore repreuede Crist
ypocrisye of ordres, for he wiste wel +tat +tey schulden after  #
do
more harm in +te world. Furst suche ypocrytes lyon on hemself,
and seyn +tei don for holynesse whateuere +tat +tei don; and    #
so +tei
venyme furst hemself and afturward o+tur men. And hit is more
general +tan manye o+tre synnes, for eche stat of men is        #
blemschyd
wi+t +tis synne, but furst and moste religiows and clerkys.     #
For +ter is
no spedy cause why +tey vson syche habytes, but to dyuyden hem
in holynesse from +te comun peple; sy+t as meedful werkys       #
my+gte
+tei don in secler habytis and more pryuely, as Crist byddu+t   #
vs
ben holy. And herfore Crist biddu+t to be war wi+t sowrdow of   #
+te
<P I,315>
pharisees, si+t +ter is no resoun to ypocrisye but to schewe    #
mennys
synne, and to disseyuen on eche syde bo+te +te ypocrites        #
hemself
and o+tre men +tat dwellen wi+t hem. And so her religioun       #
serue+t
to crye +tat +tei ben holy, and to make diuision bytwixen hem   #
and
o+tre men; and, sy+t licnesse is cause of loue among men, sych
diuision is cause of hate and enuye. Godus lawe and kynde       #
techen
+tat eche beest loue+t beest lic to hym. And so experiens       #
techu+t
+tat oon ordre loue+t his bro+ter more +tan a straunge man,     #
a+gen +te
rewle of charyte. And sych gadrynge of lompys by sencible       #
sygnes
ha+t not auctorite of Crist, but ra+ter reprouyng, for vpon     #
Goode
Fryday Crist ordeyned hym to be clo+tud +tries a+genys sych
weddyng wi+t clo+tus of colour and schap. And, as Crist sei+t   #
in
repref of syche sectis, 'kynrede of hordam seki+t siche         #
signes'.
   Alle +te dedes +tat +tei doon sownen to ypocrisye, and       #
a+genys
noo men spak Crist scharplier. And, al +gif frerys seyn +tat    #
+tei
beggon for charite, whan +tei han prechid for such beggyng, and
+tat Crist beggude so and bad hem begge +tus, ner+teles al +tis
speche is powdret wi+t gabbyng. And, as ypocritys doon, +tei
sekon her owne auauntaghe, and not +te worshipe of Crist, ne
profi+gt of his chirche; for +gif +tei diden, +tei wolden sewe  #
Cristes
rewle and leue chargyng of +te peple, bo+te in nowmbre and
beggyng, and leuen her hi+ge howses +tat +tei propren vnto hem,
si+t Crist hadde no propre hows to reston ynne his hed. And, as
Macometis lawe taki+t myche of Cristis lawe, and medle+t o+tur
lawes, and +tere come+t in +te venym, so do+t antecrist in      #
+tese newe
<P I,316>
sectis. And so as +tey bryngon in bre+tren by falshede of       #
lesyngus,
so ben +ter ordres growndide in falsheed on eche syde. And      #
syche
men mute nede destorblen holy chirche.
   And +tus secler clerkis ben fulle of ypocrisye, bo+te popes  #
and
byschopes and clerkys vndyr hem. Crist forfendide to putte
miracles +tat he hadde doon to +te manhede of hym, for errour   #
in
byleue. But +te fend dredi+t not to feyne absolucionys and
indulgenses, wi+t o+tre +giftys +tat God grauntyde neuere, to   #
spuyle
men of here mone, and not for sowle hel+te for +tanne wolde     #
+tei
+gyue freely +tese +giftis, as Crist +gaf hymself and bad       #
o+tre do. And
+tus lowere clerkis trauelen by watyr and by londe for to haue
benefices and propre possessiounes, more +tan +tei don for      #
help of
mennys sowles. And howeuere +tei speke, +tei lyuen alle in
ypocrisye. And +tus whan men fi+gten, pledon or chiden,         #
charite is
not +ter eende, but pruyde and propre hauyng. And +tus hit is   #
of
seclers +tat ben weddyde men. And so charite of men is blyndis  #
by
ypocrisye, so +tat no synne of +tis world letti+t now more      #
charite;
and so ypocrisye is more general synne and more pryue synne to
bygyle men, and worse to destrye in comun peple. And al +tis
figuredon pharisees a+genys Iesu Crist.

<Q M3 IR SERM WSERM28>
<N WSERM I/S28>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,335>
[} (\DOMINICA III ADUENTUS. [{EVANGELIUM.{]
SERMO [{28{] .\) }]

[} (\CUM AUDISSET IOHANNES IN VINCULIS. MATHEI 11.\) }]

This gospel tellu+t a story of Iohn Baptist, +tat touchi+t      #
alle +tre
aduentis of Crist but specially +te +tridde, to whom seruen two
byfore. Baptist was in prisoun wi+t Errowde Antipas, for he
repreuyd his auowtre wi+t his bro+tur wif. And (^Iohn, bownden  #
in
prisoun, herde of Cristis werkis^) , and he made myche ioye and
preisude myche Crist, as o+tur gospellys tellen and specially
Iohnys gospel. Somme men in +te cuntre heelden Iohn more +tan
Crist, and Iohnys disciplys weren in +tis errour; but +get +tei
trowedon +tat +te greete prophete byhi+gte in +te lawe, +tat    #
+tei
clepedon Messyas, was more +tan Iohn Baptyst. And herfore       #
(^sente
Baptist two of his disciples^) for to speke wi+t Crist and      #
purgen hem of
+tis errowr. And Iohn bad hem axe +tus Crist on his byhalue     #
' (^Art
+tow he +tat is to comen^) and to saue manys kynde, +tat +te    #
lawe speki+t
of, (^or we abyden ano+tur^) ?' We schullen supposen +tat       #
Baptist was 
stable in his trow+te, and coueyted +tat +te fei+t of Crist     #
and loue of
Crist growede, and byfor +tat he were deed, +tat he trowede
schulde come sone; for trewe men coueyten more +te honour of
<P I,336>
God +tan +ter owne honowr, for ellys +tei weren vnresonable.    #
And
+tus caste Iohn +tis weye to worschipe of Crist. And to +tis    #
entent of
Iohn spaak Crist and wro+gte in dede, (^'Go +ge and telle+t     #
a+gen to Iohn
what +ge han herd and seyn: blynde see, crokyde gon, meyselis   #
ben
helude, deue heren, dede ryson, poore men ben pre[{ch{]ud of    #
God; and blessyd
be he +tat schal not be sclawndrut in me'^) . And on two        #
manerys ben men
sclaundred in Crist. Somme men by worchyng putten errowrs in
hym, and +tis maner of sclawndryng is algatis euyl, si+t +tei   #
fallen
in heresye +tat +tus trowen of Crist; +tese men ben suffryngly
sclawndred in Crist +tat fallen fro byleue +tat +tei schulden   #
haue of
Crist. On +te +tridde maner we seyn +tat men ben sclaundryd
whanne +tei ben defamyd of any kynne +ting, +tat +tei han hem
amys abowten any such +ting; and +tus manye hooly men weren
sclawndred of Crist. And so of +tese seuene myraclis +te laste  #
is +te
moste. And alle +tese seuene miracles techen how we schulden
loue Crist. For we, +tat weren furst blynde by defawte of       #
fei+t, seen
aftyr in owre sowle what we schulden trowe. And so furst crokyd
in medful werkys wandren aftyr in holynesse of li+gt. And so    #
furst
leprows by heresye[{s{] of fei+t ben aftyr clansed of alle      #
+tese
heresyes. Deef men fro Godis word heren his lawe; and deede
men in sowle by costome of synne risen to spiritual lif of +ter
sowle. Men +tat weren pore byfore for +ter hooly werkis ben     #
seyde
goode lyuerys of hym +tat may not erre. And hit seme+t +tat     #
Iohnys
<P I,337>
disciples sayen somme of +tese miracles, or ellis hem alle in   #
fei+t
+tat Crist +gaf hem.
   (^And whanne +tei weren wente fro Crist^) he preysud Iohn    #
Baptist,
techyng +tat men schulde not preise a man in his presence, ne   #
in 
presence of hise, leste he were a faiour. Crist preysude        #
Baptist,
axyng of hym +tree +tingus so +tat +te puple were nedid to      #
graunte
+tat Iohn was hooly. (^'Whan +ge sayen Baptist in desert, what  #
wenten +gee
to see? sayen +ge +tanne a reed wawyng wi+t +te wynd?'^) Nay,   #
syche men ben
vnstable for louyng of muc; for Iohn was stable in +te loue of  #
God,
and soo was he growndyt in +te stoon of ri+gtwysnesse. ' (^Or   #
what wente
+ge owt to see^) , whanne +ge wente to see Ioohn? (^Whe+tur     #
+gee wenten to
see a man clad in softe clo+tus? Nay, loo, men +tat ben clo+tut #
+tus drawen hem
to kyngus hows^) , and ben tendyrley fed wi+t metis +tat        #
pleson +te
flesch.' For Iohn Baptist was contrarye to syche men in bo+te   #
+tese,
si+t he dwelte in desert and was fed wi+towte foode +tat was    #
maad
by mannys crafte; and so +te world and hys flesch ouercam he
parfi+gtly, and hit is noo drede to vs +te feend hadde          #
+tan noon
hold in hym. (^'But what wente +ge owht to see? Certys, to      #
see a prophete?
+Gee! I sey to +gow Iohn was moore +tan a prophete'^) , for     #
Iohn hadde offis of
God to see Crist and waschen hym, and to schewen hym atte
ey+ge, +tat is moore +tan a prophetes offis. ' (^And he is of   #
whom hyt is
wryton^) +tat +te Fadyr speki+t to +te Sone. " (^Loo! I sende   #
myn aungel^) , +tat 
ys myn owne messager, (^tofor +ti face, +tat schal make reedy   #
+t[{i{]
wey+ge tofor +te^) " ', for Iohn Baptist meuede men to trowen   #
in Crist
manye gaatis.
<P I,338>
   Here may men towche manye synnes +tat reignen among men,
and specially synne of clerkys, +tat lyuen in lustis of foode   #
and in
lustis of atyr contrarye to Iohn Baptist. And +tus, as +te      #
gospel sei+t,
+tei putten on Iohn +tat he hadde a feend and was lad in        #
desert by
+tis spyri+gt +tat susteynud hym, and he lyued not mannys lif,  #
ne +gaf
ensaumple to sewe hym. And in Crist +tei ben sclawndred, and
seyden he lyuede a lustful li+gf, and was freend to synful      #
men, and
+tus schulde not men lyue. And +tus +tese newe religious        #
fallen in
heresye of Iewys, for nei+tur +tei maken Baptist ne Iesu Crist  #
+ter
patroun, but cheesun hem a new patroun and a new religioun,
and seyn +tat Bapti+gst was to hard, and Cristus li+gf was to   #
large,
but +tei han founden a good mene and vertuows to lyuon inne.
And +tus bo+te clerkys seclerus, and +tese newe religious       #
forsake 
+tes two wey+ges and taken wey+ge of +te feend; for +tere is    #
noon o+tur
wey+ge but Cristus weye and +te feendys, sy+t no man may lyue   #
in
vertewes but +gif +tat he sewe Crist, and noo man may lyue in
synne byt +gif he sewe in +tat +te feend. Bo+te +tese eendys    #
been to
blame, but more +tese newe religious, for +tese ypocri+gtes     #
leuen
Crist and Iohn Baptist his prophete, and chesun hem a new weye
+tat mut ofte tymes be clowtid, and be dispensud wi+t by        #
antecrist,
as +te feend techu+t hem. +Te seculeris ben lasse ypocrites,    #
but +tei
<P I,339>
lyuen al amys, si+t +tei dwellen wi+t kyngus and lordis for to  #
getun
hem benefices, and in +te mene tyme +tei lyuen in lustis and    #
leuen
+te stat +tat +tei schulden kepe. And +tus blynde men lede +te  #
blynde
and bo+te fallen in +te lake. For +ter is noon o+tur wey+ge,    #
but ow+tur
wenden vpward aftyr Crist, or ellys to wende down aftyr +te     #
feend
into +te deppuste lake of alle. +Ge! +tese +tat seemen in       #
hey+gere stat
suen Petre in his errour, and seyen 'Syre, God forbede' - +tat  #
+tow
lyue +tus in +ti membris, for wytt and worschipe +tat +tow      #
schuldest
haue. And, certys, alle suche ben sathanas, for +tei wolen      #
reuerse
Crist, o+tur addyng to Cristys lawe or ellys wi+tdrawyng +tat   #
he 
bad. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WSERM32>
<N WSERM I/S32>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,355>
[} (\DOMINICA I POST OCTAVAM EPIPHANIE.
[{EUANGELIUM.{] SERMO 32.\) }]
     
[} (\CUM FACTUS ESSET IESUS. LUCE 2.\) }]

This gospel tellu+t a lore of Crist whanne he was twelue +ger   #
olde,
and +tis lore is ful of miracles, as o+tre dedis ben +tat he    #
dyde. +Te
story tellu+t +tat, (^whan Iesu was maad of twelue +ger old,    #
he wente wi+t
Ioseph and Marie vnto Ierusaleem, as +tei hadden custoom at     #
Pasc for to
make +tis pilgrymage. And whanne +te day+ges weren endyde^) of  #
makyng of
+tis pilgrymage, (^his fadyr and his modur wenten hoom and      #
Crist lefte
alone in +te cyte. And his fadyr and his modyr wyste not^)      #
+tat Iesu was left
byhynde, for children hadden in free custom to chesen we+tur    #
+tat
+tei wolden wende wi+t fadyr or wi+t modyr; and +tus Ioseph
wende +tat Crist hadde comen wi+t his modyr, and owre Lady
supposede +tat Crist hadde comen wi+t Ioseph. And among Iewes
was +tis religiou[{n{] kept +tat men schulde goo by hemself and
wymmen by hemself, for +tei kepten hem fro lecherye in sych
pilgrimage; but now pilgrimage is mene for to do lecherye. And
al +tis ordeynede owre Maister for to techen his chirche to
enforme +te prelatis aftyr general doyngis, for errour in hem   #
is
<P I,356>
more and more harmful to +te chirche. And whanne +tei weren
mette togedre and wantedon +te child Iesu, (^+tei wenden +tat   #
he hadde
ben in feleschipe wi+t som kyn of his frendis^) . And +tei      #
wenten a+geyn to
sekon hym among hem, and (^o day +tei wenton a+gen and fownden  #
hym
not^) in +te weye. +Te +tridde day +tei sowten in +te citee     #
and +tey
fownden hym not. (^And aftyr +te +tridde day +tei fownden hym   #
in +te
temple, syttyng among doctours, heryng and axynge hem^) . No    #
drede +tat
ne Crist kepte good ordre in his doyng, furst heryng and aftyr
axyng wordys of +te lawe. (^And alle +tat herden hym hadden     #
wondyr vpon
his wisdom and hise answerys^) ; and, seynge +te +gouk+te of    #
+te child, (^+tei
hadden wondyr of his dedis. And his modyr seyde to hym 'Sone,   #
why dedust
+tow +tus to vs? Loo! +ti fadyr and I bo+te sorwyng han sowt    #
+te.' And Crist
seyde vnto hem, 'Warto han +ge sowt me? Ne wiste +ge not +tat   #
I muste be in
+te nedys of my Fadyr?^) And here schulde prelatis lerne        #
furst to
worschipe +tere God and to seruen his chirche, byfor +tat +tei
bussyeden hem abowte worldly werkys. For eche man schulde
serue God, byfore +tat he seruede o+tur +ting, for his furste   #
entent
schulde be to worchype God whateuere he dide; and +tis mut
nede be in Crist, for he dide alle +ting as he schulde. (^But   #
+tei
vndyrstoden not +te word^) +tanne (^+tat Crist spak here to     #
hem. And Crist wente
doun wi+t hem^) fro Ierusaleem (^to Nazare+t, and he was suget  #
vnto hem^) in
+tingus +tat +tei beden hym do. (^And his modyr kepte alle      #
+tese wordis,
beryng hem in her herte. Iesu profi+gtede in wisdom, in age     #
and in grace
bo+te to God and to man^) . We schullen wyte +tat owre Iesu,    #
si+t he was
<P I,357>
+tis manhede and suget to o+tre men, and growyde in waxyng
[{and{] in elde, he profi+gtude in connyng wyche +tat cam of    #
his
wittes. But he hadde connyng of godhede and blessyde connyng
of man, by whiche he was in al his tyme ylyche wys and knew     #
alle
+ting.
   Here may holy chirche knowe bo+te religioun of Crist and
partis of +tis religioun, as obedience and mekenesse. For       #
Crist was
suget to his lesse and seruede hem ful mekely, for Goddis lawe
tawte hym +tat +tei weren enspiryd more +tan Crist was bodily.
And Godes rewle schulde suffice to men, al +gif +tei clowtede   #
not
newe rewlus. For Crist tawte parfi+gtly a ful rewle for alle    #
cristene
men; and hit is a fowl pruyde to clowten oure erroures to his
wisdam, for oold clo+t clowted to newe maki+t more hole, as     #
Crist
sei+t. And we ben certeyn of owre byleue +ta Crist ha+t mesured
his ordre in li+gtnesse and in fredom, more +tan o+tur men      #
konne
schape. How schulde blynde fooles aftyr amende +tis rewle +tat
Crist ha+t +gyuen? And so God enforme+t men of +tis pryuate     #
ordres
+tat +tre +tingus of here ordres ben ydele and noyows: furst    #
+ter
clowtyng of her rewle, and si+ten +ter obedience, and aftyr     #
+ter
obligacioun to +ter abytis and o+tre vses.
   Furst, Cristes rewle were fully sufficient to alle men, and  #
more
free and more li+gt and of more auctorite. How myhte +te feend  #
for
schame cumbre men wi+t sich clowtyng? +Gif a man schulde
wenden aweye, hit were no nede to chargen hym wi+t +tingus +tat
weren not profi+gtable, +gif he hadde ynow bysyde. And so, as   #
God
<P I,358>
forfende+t men for to adde to his lawe or for to drawe          #
+terfro, for
hit is maad in ful mesure, riht so we schulden holden his       #
rewle, by
whyche he teche+t alle cristene men, nei+tur adde to ne drawe
+ter fro leste we peyren Godes ordenaunce. And luytel errour    #
in
+tis byleue growe+t to more in long tyme, and +tis feendis
blasfemye in God distorble+t +te chirche more and more. 
   As anemptys obedience, hit is knowen +tat Cristys obedience
kept clene were sufficient to alle men here on lyue. And o+tur
obedience +tat is clowted do+t harm manye wey+ges, for hit
suppose+t +tat +tis prelat erru+t not in his comaundementis,    #
but
euermore bidde+t hise sugetis +te same +ting +tat God bidde+t.  #
And
+tus eche prelat schulde ben yliche wys and euene wi+t God. And
whanne +tei ben made prelatis by synful menus, as ofte          #
falli+t, God
schulde algatis +giuen hem wit and confermen hem in grace, for  #
+gif
+tei myhten aftyr do synne, +tei myhten be prowde in +ter       #
prelacye
and rewlen here sugetis amys a+gen +te comaundementis of God.
And +tanne were hit profi+gtable to wante siche blynde          #
lederis, si+t
affiaunce in God and preyng of hise gouernayle my+gte not       #
fayle to
men, but +gif +tei schal fayle furst. Lord! why ordeyned not    #
God
suche ordres in +te olde lawe, ne in stat of innocens, but      #
destruyde
newe +tat wer maade? Whe+tur God be not now as wys as he was
in +te olde lawe, and ordeyne now for his spouse as tendirly    #
as he
dide +tanne? And +tus alle +tese newe ordres be+t fulle of      #
heresye.
   And as anemptis +tese newe habites, certeynly +tei ben of    #
+te
feend, but +gif +ter be som nedful cawse by[{n{]dyng men +tus   #
to
hem; for ellis +tei weren superflu+g, and to of God but of +te  #
feend,
si+t +tei taryen mennys wittis and her kepyng from Godis        #
werkis. 
<P I,359>
But hit is knowen +ting to men +tat +tese habitis profi+gte     #
not to
werkis of vertewys, but huyden +tese ypocri+gtes, si+t +tei     #
may wi+t
suche habitis be qwike feendis in +tis world. And +gif +tei     #
profi+gten
by any cas, +tei do+t harm ofture, as do+t synne, and crien to  #
men
ypocrisie of suche ordris +tat vsen hem. And +gif +tese signes  #
ben
false, +tei maaken men false +tat vson hem. And so algatis,     #
si+t
vertewis my+gte be kepte wi+towten syche signes moore pryuely
and sicurly, +tei ben brow+gte in by +te feend, and specially   #
to
chargen hem more +tan counselis or maundementis of God. Eche
man mut haue som custom; but looke he wedde hym not +terwi+t,
ne bussye hym not +tat hit be kept of manye men, for +tei ben
dyuerse, and axen dyuerse customes aftyr +tat God moue+t        #
h[{e{]m. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WSERM36>
<N WSERM I/S36>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,373>
[} (\DOMINICA QUINTA [{POST OCTAVAM EPIPHANIE.
EUANGELIUM.{] SERMO 36.\) }]

[} (\SIMILE EST REGNUM CELORUM HOMINI QUI SEMINAUIT. MATHEI     #
13.\) }]

Crist in +tis parable tellu+t +te stat of his chirche, and      #
sey+t +tat (^+te
kyndam of heuene is ly+gk to a man +tat sew good seed in his    #
feld^) . +Te
kyndam of heuene tellu+t bo+te togydre, Crist and his meyne,    #
but
Crist pryncipally; and herfore Crist is often clepyd +te        #
kyndam of
heuene, and +te chirche, +tat is his wif, is o persone wi+t     #
hym. And
+tus +te kyngdam of heuene sey+t +tis spowse and +tis wif. But  #
here ys
+te kyngdam take for Iesu Crist, +tat is bo+te God and man, and
ordeynu+t wel for his chirche. (^+Tis man sew furst good seed   #
in +te feeld^) of
+tis chirche, for he prentide good fei+t in herte of hise       #
seruauntis;
and +tis seed is Godis woord, as Crist hymself sei+t. Furst     #
+tis seed
growide clene and browte for+t good fruyt, but +te feend hadde
enuye +tat +tis seed growide +tus; (^and +tis man, +tat is      #
enemye^) to Crist
and his chirche, (^caam and sew tarus whan men weren            #
aslepe^) . For, by +te
dowyng of +te chirche and neclygence of prelatis, is mannys     #
lawe
medlud wi+t Godys lawe, and +tese dowble mennys lawes, +te
<P I,374>
popis and +te emperowres, letten Godis lawe to growe, and gnare
+te chirche as taris gnaren corn and lettu+t hit to +tryue.     #
And +te
fend wente awey and cesude somwhat to tempte men, for he was
syker of +tis tare +tat hit schulde myche lette +te chirche.    #
And +tis is
+te cautel of +te feend: to wi+tdrawen his malice, and schewe   #
signes
as myraclis whan he ha+t sowen euyl seed, as +gif God were wel
payed wi+t sowyng of sych seed; and, as wete somerus norischen
siche taris, so lustful lyf of men +tat schulden florischen in  #
vertewis
bryngu+t in syche lawes bysyde wordis of byleue. And +tis       #
lettu+t
trewe men to telle Godis lawe, and lettu+t +te chirche to       #
growe in
fei+t and o+tre vertewis. And furst, whan +te chirche growede   #
wi+t
+tis tare, +gif hit was hyd longe aftur +te dowyng, but si+t    #
was +tis
tare schewyd and Godis lawe hid, for manye wete someris ben
come to +te chirche; and so mannys lawe growe+t and Godus lawe
is lettyd, and specially by lawis of +tese newe ordres. But     #
whan
malice of +tese lawes was knowen to trewe men, +tanne +tei and
aungelis speke to God and preyden hym +tat +tei myhten gedren
awey +tese tares, so +tat Godis lawe myhte renne frely as hit   #
furst
dyde. (^But Crist denye+t +tis to hem^) for harm +tat myhte     #
come, for
good corn myhte be drawen vp byfore +tat hit were ripe, as      #
trewe
men in God myhten be sone cullyde +gif +tei schewedon to myche
+tis cause of clennesse of Godis lawe. But God ha+t ordeynet    #
his
seed to growe til hit be rype, as God ha+t ordeyned his         #
membris to
helpon a+geyn +te fendys lymes, as long[{e{] as hit is good     #
+tat +te
chirche profi+gte heere by hem. And +tus +gif sowyng of +te     #
feend
<P I,375>
tarie+t here Cristis chirche, and maki+t Cristis corn here ful  #
+tinne,
and maki+t +ticke +te feendis lymes, ner+teles +tis good corn   #
growe+t
more medily to +te chirche for +tei han moore lettyng. But wel  #
is
hym +tat may stoonde!
   And herfore bydde+t Crist +tat (^men schullen suffre bo+te   #
+tese t[{w{]o
growe til +te tyme of repyng, and +tanne schal he seye to +te   #
reperis 'Gedre +ge
furst +tes tarys togydre, and bynde+t hem in knychys to brenne; #
but gedre
+ge +te goode corn to my berne.'^) Tyme of +tis repyng is       #
cleput +te day of
doom or ellis tyme nyh hit, and +tese reperis ben goode         #
aungelis,
+tat gedren partis of Cristis chirche, and +tese goode aungelis
schullen bynde Cristis enemyes in knycchenys, and aftyr +tei
schulle brennen in helle by +te ri+gtful doom of God, and trewe
seruauntis of Crist schullen be gedrede by goode aungelis and
come to heuene as Godis berne. And heere supposen somme men,
si+t hit is nyh doomes day, +tat sone heraftyr schal be         #
destruyet
bo+te mannys lawe and here makeris; and so, +gif God wole,      #
bo+te
ypocrites and tyrauntis schullen be destruyed, as +te antipope  #
wi+t
his cowrt and +tese newe religiouse, and +tan schal Godis lawe
reygne wi+t +te trewe partis of his chirche. For, as +tis       #
gospel telli+t,
+tese taares schul be gedrid furst, but at +te day of doom      #
Cristis
lymes schulle furst be counfortid. And so hit semu+t +tat Crist
speki+t here of tyme byfore +te day of dom. And +tus he meue+t
manye men for to trete +tis mater now; and prey+ge we alle
deuoutly +tat God doo here as hym liku+t, and stonde we stif in
Godis lawe, and preyse we hit byfore +tis taare.
<P I,376>
   Manye men musen of +te vndirstondyng of +tis gospel and
+tenkon +tat hit ys folye to spekon a+genus anticrist, si+t     #
trew+te of
Godis lawe tellu+t +tat he schal vencusche cristene men for a   #
tyme;
and we may see +tis atte y+ge. And +tus tellu+t +te gospel      #
+tat [{God{]
wole +tat tare growe tyl +te day of doom among good corn; but
who schulde reuerse God and don a+geynes his wille? Here        #
schulle
we suppose comun byleue and comun distinccions +tat ben seyde
in Latyn. And +tanne me +tinku+t +tat we schulden preye +tat    #
Godis
wille be don, as hit is in heuene so here in er+te; and ouer    #
+tis we
schulden stonde sad in byleue of God and lyuen in vertewys, as
Godis lawe bydde+t vs, and assente not to synne of anticrist    #
+tat
reigne+t now, but haue sorwe +terfore, si+t Crist hadde sorwe   #
for
synne and wepte neuere but +tryes for synne, as Godis lawe      #
teche+t
vs, and resoun acorde+t herwi+t si+t synne is moste euel. And   #
so we
schilden more haue sorwe for synne +tan for any o+ter euel.
And +tus, +gif we myhten lette synne, we schulden be Godis
procuratours, al +gif we dyen +terfore and profi+gten here no   #
more.
But lyue we wel, and God faylu+t not to counselen vs how we
schullen do. And +tus assente we not to synne, but profi+gte    #
we as
God biddi+t vs. And herby may we answere to +te feendis
argument: suppose we +tat anticrist schal vencusche trewe men
for a tyme, but +tis is in bodily victorie, and not in          #
vencuschyng of
trew+te, for +tus he vencusche+t no man but euere is ouercomen
<P I,377>
hymself. And +tus trewe men schillen euere haue matere for to
fi+gte goostly bo+te wi+t +te feend and his membris +tat ben    #
wickede
men of +tis world. And so wi+t [{+tis{] vndirstondyng fi+gte    #
we wisly
wi+t +tis world; but algatis looke +tat we ben armed wi+t       #
pacience
and charite, and +tanne +te fi+gtyng of +te feend may no weye   #
don vs
harm. And +gif +tis skyle schulde meue men to parforme Godis
wille, neuere schulde man fi+gte wi+t synne, for God wole +tat
synne profi+gte. But what wyten we wher tyme be come +tat God
wole +tat +tis tare be destruyed? And herfore worche we wisly,  #
and
fi+gte we a+geynes +te feend, si+t +tis stonde+t wi+t Godis     #
lawe and wi+t
fullyng of Godis wylle. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WSERM43>
<N WSERM I/S43>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
 
<P I,412>
[} (\DOMINICA IIII QUADRAGESIME. [{EUANGELIUM.{]
SERMO 43.\) }]

[} (\ABIIT IESUS TRANS MARE. IOHANNIS 6.\) }]

This gospel tellu+t +te furste feeste +tat Crist maade to +te   #
puple by
multiplyyng of mete, as +tre gospellis tellen. +Te story        #
tellu+t +tat
(^Iesu wente ouer +te watyr of Galilee, +tat is clepud          #
Tyberyadis^) and monye
o+tre names for townes and cuntrees +tat hit +gede bytwyxen.    #
(^And a
greet multitude sewede Crist herfore +tat +tei say+gen +te      #
signes +tat Crist dide
on syke men.^) And Iesus, whan he cam ouur +tis watur of        #
Galilee, (^he
wente into an hyl and sat +tere wi+t hise disciples. And Pasch  #
was ful ny+g, a
greet feeste among Iewes. And whan Iesu caste vp hise ei+gen,   #
and saw a ful
greet multitude was comen to hym, he seyde vnto Philip 'Wherof  #
schulle we
bugghe loues +tat +tese men ete?' And +tis seyde Crist to       #
tempte Philip, for he
wiste what he was to do. And Philip seyde to Crist +tat loues   #
of two hundret
pens suffisede not to hem, +tat eche man take a luytelwhat.     #
And on of Cristis
disciples, Andrew, Petres bro+tur, seyde to Crist '+Ter was a   #
child +tat hadde
fyue barly looues and two fysches, but what ben +tese among so  #
manye men?'
And Iesu seyde to hem to maken hem sytte down to +te mete, for  #
+tere was
myche hey+g in +te same place. And so +tei sat to +te mete, as  #
fyue +towsande
men. And Iesu took +tese fyue loues, and +gaf +tankyng to God,  #
and delude
<P I,413>
among +tese syttynge men, and also of +te fysches, as myche as  #
+tei wolden. 
And whanne +tei weren fyllude, Crist seyde to hise disciples,   #
'Gedre +ge +tat
ben laft, releues, +tat +tei perysche not.' And so +tei         #
gedreden, and fulden
twelue cophynes of relef of fyue barly loues and two fyschis    #
+tat weren lefte of
hem +tat hadden eton. And +tese men, whan +tei hadden seyn +te  #
syngne +tat
Crist hadde don, +tei seyden^) +tus of hym (^'+Tis a verrey     #
prophete +tat is to
comen into +tis world.'^)
   +Tis bodily foode by whiche Crist fedde +te folc bytokne+t   #
gostly
fode, by whiche he fedi+t mankynde. His passyng ouer +tis watur
wi+t hise disciples is passyng ouer worldly perelis to take     #
Godis
loore. Cristus syttyng in +tis hul is rysyng to spiritual lyf,  #
and
Cristes lookyng on +te puple is gostly mercy do to hem. And
steiyng into +te hul of Iesu wi+t hise disciples is takyng of   #
goostly
ly+gf for to lerne Cristes lawe. Axsyng of Philip, +tat was     #
maad to
schewe +te myracle more, and for to haue betture in muynde, is
fullyng of Godes word in deede. +Tese fyue loues +tat Andrew
schewede ben hard lyf, +tat men mote lyue byfore +tei konnen
Cristus lore. And two fysches ben +tenkyng of God and heuene.
Syttyng down in +te hey+g is meeke +towt of mannys frelte. And  #
so
Andrew vndurstod more +tan Philip +tat God, +tat                #
mult[{i{]plyede
mete as +te lawe tellu+t by Helisee, my+gte li+gtly multiplye   #
+tis
mete, and so feden al +tis puple; but wi+towten myracle my+gte  #
not
<P I,414>
so myche puple be fed of Crist. And +tese fyue +towsande of men
wi+towte wymmen and children ben +te nowmbre +tat schal be
sauyd by +tis spirytual foode, for fyue is a rownde nowmbre     #
+tat
turne+t wi+towten eende into hymself; and so not alle +tat ben  #
fed
+tus schullen come to +te blisse of heuene. +Te twelue          #
cophynes of
relif ben alle +te seyntis gloses +tat ben gedered of Godis     #
lawe to
feede +te puple afterward. And goostly loore ha+t proprete to   #
be
multiplyed in men, for of o lore come+t ano+tur, and al is +te  #
same
trew+te. And by +tis fode men +tanken God, and seyn +tat Crist  #
is
+tat greete prophete +tat is to comen into +tis world and       #
fullen hit of
heuenely lore. For of o+tre myracles of Crist +tis myracle is   #
on of +te
meste: +tat so fewe disciples of hise fylledon +te world in so  #
schort
tyme wi+t +te same gospel of Crist; and he hit was +tat dide    #
+tis
myracle.
   And here men meuon +tre dowtis. Furst how Crist absentyde
hem fro Ierusaleem at +tis pasc, si+t Baptist hertly repreuede
Herowde, and Crist was more hardy +tan Iohn for to suffre
passioun for +te loue of mankynde. But here we trowen +tat Iesu
Crist, si+t he is bo+te God and man, dide alle hise dedis at    #
poynt
deuys, and myhte no wey+ge ben amendyd. And +tus he absentede
hym now to profi+gte more to his chirche, for his tyme was not
come to dyen at +te Pasc +tat he hadde ordeynot. For, as men    #
seyn
comunly, Crist muste passe +tis secounde Pasch, and in +te      #
+tridde
Pasch dye gladly for mankynde. And so Crist suffrede more       #
freely
+tan Baptist or o+tre martires, but he was more nedid by        #
wisdam to
suffren as hymself hadde cast. And so, as Crist hymself hadde
ordeyned, Baptist schulde dye byfore, and so go to purgatorye,
<P I,415>
and be taken owt by Crist. And +tus Crist +gaf ensaumple to vs  #
to
flee de+t whanne he meue+t vs, as al his lyf was ensaumple to   #
teche
men how +tei schulde lyue. 
   The secounde dowte is axsed here, why Crist wolde not take   #
+te
rewme of Iude +tat was owyd to hym, si+t +te puple profrede hit
hym anon aftyr +tis myracle +tat Crist hadde fed +tus +te       #
folc. But
here men seyn as to +te furste +tat hit were a maner of bigyng  #
to haue
+te rewme for such a feeste, and of puple +tat was so symple.   #
Also,
al +gif Crist was kyng, he wolde not +tus reigne worldlily, ne  #
hym
was owed no sych rewme, si+t God wolde not +tat hit were so.    #
Also
Crist ordeyned hymself to lyue wi+towte wrong of anye man, and
so he wolde not reigne +tus wi+towte +te emperowres leue, +tat  #
men
schulden wyte +tat his lyf no weye reuersude +te emperowr; and  #
so
wytnesses +tat acusodon hym in tyme of his de+t weren oponly
false. And +tus, as owre Lord forsok to be looued of +te        #
feendis, so
he forsok now to take +tis rewme +tus of +tis puple.
   The +tridde dowte +tat sewe+t +tese two is how Crist my+gte
disseruen in suffryng of his passioun, si+t he was nedud to     #
suffre
+tus. But here we wyton, as Crist was nedud to suffre and dyen  #
as
he hadde ordeynot, so he was nedyt to haue blisse for +tis      #
willeful
passioun, si+t al +tis passioun of Crist was more willeful      #
+tan o+tur
my+gte be; and for so myche wilfulnesse was his passioun more
medful. And here +tese blynde heretykes wanton wyt as ydiotes,
whan +tei seyn +tat Petur synnede not in smytyng of Malcus      #
here,
<P I,416>
but +gaf ensaumple to preestis to fi+gte, and +tus Crist lettud #
hym
to fi+gte more; for hadde Petre and o+tre apostles fowten +tus,
+tanne +tei hadden lettud +te passion of Iesu Crist and sauyng  #
of
mankynde. But here +tese blynde heretykes, +tat ben vnable to
conceyue sutilte of holy writ, schulden furst lerne +ter owne
wordis. So+t hit is +tat alle +tingus mote nede come as God     #
ha+t
ordeyned, and so eche dede of Crist mut nede be doon as he dide
hyt. And +tus, +gif men schulde not sewe Crist her, fore he     #
muste
neede suffre, noo cristene man schulde sewe Crist in noo +ting  #
+tat
he dyde, for alle +te +tingus +tat Crist dide musten nedly      #
comen as
+tei cam. And so suche heretykes musten nede sewen anticrist    #
and
be dampned wi+t hym for defawte of here byleue. And +gif +tei   #
seyn
+tat +tis is false, +tat alle +tingus mute +tus nedely come -   #
Lord! how 
dremyden +tese foolys +tanne +tat, +gif Petur hadde fowte for+t
+tanne, Crist schulde not haue suffred de+t ne haue bowt mannys
kynde? Certes +tese ydiotis kan not schewe how +tis schulde     #
sewen
of any trew+te, but +gif +tei supposen here +tat +tus hit       #
muste nedis
be. And +gif we schulden herfore lette to take ensawmple to     #
sewe
Crist, we schulden lette euermore to sewe Crist and take his    #
lore.
But, si+t Crist reprouede Petre, and seyde a cause general +tat
'whoeuere smyte+t +tus wi+t swerd, he schal perische by Godis
<P I,417>
word', hit is knowe +ting +tat Petre synnede in +tis fi+gtyng;  #
and
more schulden preestes fi+gte not for a cause of lasse valu. 


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M3 IR SERM WESERM1>
<N WSERM I/ES1>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,475>
[} [\II. SERMONS ON 
THE SUNDAY EPISTLES\] }] 

[} (\DOMINICA PRIMA ADUENTUS DOMINI. [{EPISTOLA.  
SERMO 1.{] \) }]

[} (\SCIENTES QUIA HORA EST. ROMANOS 13.\) }]

We takon as byleue +tat epistlis of apostlis ben gospelis of    #
Crist, for
he spac hem alle in hem, and Crist may not erre; and alle +te 
gospelis spekon goode ti+tingus of ioye of +te blisse of        #
heuene.
And, al +gif +te Hooly Goost speku+t eche word of hooly writ,
ne+teles Crist spac in Poule more plenteuously and sutelly. And
+tis meue+t somme men to tellon in Englisch Poulis pistelis,    #
for
somme men may betture wyte herby what God mene+t by Poul.
   This epistle of Poul tellu+t how +tat men schulden byge      #
+ter 
tyme. For al +gif God +giue frely tyme, as ly+gt and o+tre      #
+giftus of 
kynde, ne+teles by synne of man tyme is lost to come to heuene;
and not only by synne of Adam, but by synne of yche man +tat 
wole not in vertu of Crist byge +te tyme +tat Crist +gyue+t     #
for to
wynne +te blisse of heuene. And +tis marchaundise schulde eche
man do specially for +tis cause: for +te dayes for synne ben    #
yuele, 
and maken monye to leese +ter tyme. Poul bygynne+t to sture     #
+tus 
to take heed to Godus tyme, and to leese not +tis tyme,         #
leeuynge to
disserue blisse. Bre+tren, (^we schulen be wytynge +tat our is  #
now us to ryse
<P I,476>
fro sleepe, for now is oure hel+te neer +tan it was whanne we   #
byleuedon.^) Yche
man coueytu+t kyndely to haue blisse +tat God ha+t ordeyned to 
mankynde to reston inne. But monye men contraryen hemself,
for +tei coueyton comunly to haue +tis blis, but +ter lust and  #
fleschly 
wyt letton hem to wynne +tis blis, and bryngon reson aslepe,    #
and
make men to contrarye hemself. For yche man schulde furst
coueyte his beture and fle his yuel, and so a man schulde more
wylle blisse +ten any sensible lif here. And +tis taku+t Poul   #
as byleue
whonne he biddu+t men rise fro slep. And Poul mene+t by +tis    #
sleep 
synne +tat foolis lyuon ynne; for, ry+gt as man whon he slepu+t
wanti+t wyt to kepe hym and is ner deed +ten a beest, so it is  #
of
synful m[{a{]m, for what deede euere he do+t, hyt lettu+t       #
+tanne to
disserue blisse, and disposu+t hym to +te peyne of helle, +tat  #
is 
worse +tan bestis de+t. And for men schulden rise on morwe and  #
do
+ter werkis aftur resoun, and men han now luytul tyme to regard
of oolde fadris, +terfore sei+t Poule here +tat our is now to   #
rise from
slep; an our is a luytul tyme, and sunne of ri+gtwisnesse       #
is vppe.
   The secounde word +tat Poul sei+t sture+t to +te wyt of +te  #
formere
word, whonne he sei+t +tat now is oure hel+te more ny+g +tan
whonne we byleuedon. It is knowon by kyndely skyle +tat +to
+tingus +tat mouen kyndely mouen fastere toward +te ende. And   #
it
is also knowon by skyle +tat, as tyme passu+t to men, so it     #
come+t
ny+g domesday, whonne men schullen haue fully +ter hel+te;      #
for, al
+gif Crist be mennys hel+te, +get he maki+t not hel+te in man   #
but as
reson of tyme axsu+t. And herfore to +te day of doom schal not  #
al
Cristus chirche be in ful hel+te, ne slepe in blisse wi+t hyre  #
spouse.
To +tis entent speki+t Poul in +te persone of al hooly chirche  #
+tat
now, whon +te tyme is passud to byleue +tat +te incarnacion is  #
to 
<P I,477>
come, but +tat +te incarnacion is passud, as +te chirche        #
see+t
ascencion, it mot nedis now be neer to +te ful hel+te of +te    #
chirche
+tan it was byfore tyme, whan +te chirche only byleuede. For    #
now
+te chirche passu+t byleue of +te incarnacion of Crist, si+t    #
it wot wel
in heuene +tat Crist ha+t longe be +tere man. And +tis schulde  #
moue
cristene men to disserue hastly blisse, si+t +tei be neer +te   #
ende +tat
+tei coueyton kyndely. 
   And to +tis wyt speku+t Poul aftur, (^+te ny+gt^) , he       #
sei+t, (^ha+t gon byfore,
and certis +te day schal come ny+g. And +terfore caste we awey  #
+te werkis of 
derknesses, and be we clo+tude wi+t armys of ly+gt. Walke we    #
honestly as in 
day.^) Here men vndurstonden ofte by +tis ny+gt +te ny+gt of    #
synne.
For as aungelis were not confermede, but euere stoden in ny+gt  #
of 
grace, so mankynde, si+t it was maad, stoot sumwhat in ny+gt
of synne tyl +tat Crist was maad man. And he is sunne of
ri+gtwisnesse, and he may not falle to synne si+t he is         #
ri+gtwisnesse
hymself. And herfore seyon grete men +tat Moyses in book of
Genesis was moued by God to sey+ge +tus +tat 'euon and morwon
was maad o day'. And by +tis ordre of +tese wordis God techu+t
how synne wente byfore. But be we war and trowe we not +tat
God hymself made synne. But bo+te in aungel and in man was a
maner of derknesse byfore +tat God confermede hem; and +tis
confermyng was by his Sone. And aftur +te furste tyme of +te    #
world
Adam and Eue synnedon, and not in +te furste tyme in etyng of   #
+te
forfendyd appul. But +get byfore God confermede hem +tei hadden
a derknesse of euyn, and wantyng of Godus grace +tat cam
whonne +tei weron confermede. And +tus, al +gif Adam was
confermyd as sone as he was maad of God (for Godus ordynaunce
<P I,478>
was +tanne vpon hym +tat he schulde +tanne come to blisse),
ne+teles Adam was kyndely byfore +tat he was confermed of God.
+Tis day +tat schal come aftur is vndurstonden +te day of       #
doom. But
somme men +tenkon more sutely +tat +tis day of ordre, bytwixe
+te kynde +tat man hadde furst and grace +tat he ha+t of        #
Crist. And
to +tis wyt speku+t Poul +tat, si+t +tis ordre is reuersud by   #
grace of
Crist +tat furst ys li+gt, and si+ten schyne+t vpon kyndely     #
euyn, we
schulden caston awey werkis +tat ben of derknesse of synne, and
furst in +tis goostly gendrure be clo+tude wi+t armys of +te    #
furste
ly+gt. And +tis dyuysion in mannys kynde, and priorite in       #
li+gt of
grace, ben tolde here bi wordis of Poul, whon he clepu+t        #
'werkis of
derknesses' but synglerly 'armys of ly+gt'. And +tus in +tis    #
heuenly
gendrure schulde we wandren in day of grace and flee derknesse
of synne, for ellis we kepe not Cristus ordre. It is knowon to
experte men +tat man schame+t kyndely to do monye synnys in
ly+gt, +tat he wolde do in derknesse, as ben lecherye and       #
+tefte and
monye o+tre syche synnys +tat man do+t in derknesse of ny+gt,   #
and
schame+t of hem in ly+gt of day. And herfore Poule byddu+t men
walke honestly as in day, +tat men schulde kepe hemself in      #
grace
by goode werkis, and fle synne; for ydelnesse in goode werkis
sture+t monye men to synne. And herfore Poul byddu+t us
walke - and not stonde ne ligge in +tis weye.
   And +get Poule specifie+t more of sixe synnes +tat men don.
(^Dwelle we not in ofte etyngis and drunkenesse[{s{] ^) +tat    #
sue+t aftur. Monye
men han a maner to ete ofte for to drynke, and +tis mete is an  #
ale
spore to sture hem ofte to drynke; and suche ofte etyngus of    #
men
ben clepude 'comessaciones', and ofte aftur suche etyngus sue+t
drunkenesse in men. But, for men in +tis lif reuerson +te       #
ordre of
God, +terfore in +tis secounde +gok Poule rykene+t synnys +tat
comen byfore. Suche men +tat synnen +tus liggen ofte to longe   #
in 
+ter beddis, and so +tei han vnchastnesse in +tou+gt, in word   #
and in
<P I,479>
dede. And herfore sei+t Poul aftur +tat we schulde (^not^)      #
reste (^in
beddis, ne in vnchastite^) +tat sue+t ofte aftur +tis reste.    #
For monye ben
temptude of fleschly synnes by suche cowchyngus in +ter beddis;
and, +gif +tei ryson and wakedon byfore, +tei schulden flee     #
such
vnchastite. And herfore monye men vson wel to come not in
bedde wi+t schetis, but be hulude aboue +te bed, and rison anon
whonne +tei ben temptude, and +tis seme+t Poule to teche more
+tan to rise at mydnyt. +Te +tridde +goc +tat Poule forfendi+t  #
is (^chydyng
and enuye^) , for +tese foure sustris byfore bryngon in         #
li+gtly +tese two;
for ydelnesse in +tis lif maki+t men to stryue aftur, and for   #
strif wi+t
yuele wordis ben men growndude in long enuye. But medicyne
for alle such synne is to (^be clo+tud in Iesu Crist^) . And    #
+tat man is
clo+tud in Crist +tat ha+t fresch muynde of his lif, and        #
clo+tu+t his
wille to sue hym, leste his soule be coold in loue. And +tis    #
were a
general medycyn to fle synnes and sue vertuwes, for no man may
synne in +tes but in defau+gte of clo+ting of Crist.
   And for +tis alle cristene men han nede to knowe byleue of   #
+te
gospel, and so to knowe +te lif of Crist, and +te wisdam of     #
hise
wordis. And so cristene men schulden wyte +tat Poulus wordis
passon o+tre writyngus in two +tingus: +tei ben pure, sutel,    #
and
plenteuous to preche +te puple. +Te sutilte of Poulis wordis    #
may
make me and foolis schame, whenne we konnen not vndurstonde
sutilte of his schorte wordis. +Tei ben also plenteuous, for
eche trew+te +tat Poul speku+t is knyttud wi+t eche poynt of    #
byleue;
and so aftur speche of oon may come speche of ano+tur, aftur    #
+tat
it profi+gtu+t to +te hereris, as +te laste word of +tis        #
epistle biddu+t us
be clo+tud wi+t Iesu Crist. And, si+t +tis is gostly clo+ting,  #
in whiche
mannys soule schulde be clo+tud, alle +te vertues of Iesu       #
Crist may
sittyngly be bro+gt hereinne. And, si+t alle vertuwes ben       #
hise, alle
vertuwes may heere be tau+gt; and vices +tat ben contrarye to
<P I,480>
vertues may be declarude to fle hem, as men +tat takon pryuate
sectis, or putte not Cristus secte aboue, (si+t +tis clo+t by   #
hitself
wolde suffise) faylon of +te clo+t of charite. And so it is to  #
drede to
hem +tat, in tyme of +te laste soper, +tei schullon be doumbe   #
for
defau+gte +tat +tei han in bride clo+t. +Tei schulde not be     #
clo+tude in
wollen and lynnene, ne putte secte of Crist byne+te, but putte  #
+tis
lordis clo+t aboue, and charge hem not wi+t o+tre clo+tis,      #
si+t Crist
byddi+t men of his suyt +tat +tei schulde not haue two cotis. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WESERM11>
<N WSERM I/ES11>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,521>
[} (\DOMINICA IIIJ POST [{OCTAVAM{] EPIPHANIE.
[{EPISTOLA.{] SERMO 1 [{1{] .\) }]

[} (\NEMINI QUICQUAM DEBEATIS. ROMANOS 13.\) }]

Poul teche+t here Romayns, and so alle cristene men, how +tei
schulden kepe charite +tat God +gyue+t; and +gif +tis vertu be  #
wel
kept of man tyl +tat tyme +tat he dye, oure byleue teche+t      #
+tanne
+tat +tis clo+t bryngu+t hym to blisse. Poule biddu+t at +te    #
furste +tis
word of myche wyt (^to no man owe +ge ony +ting, but +tat +ge   #
loue togydere^) .
Poul forfendu+t not dette of money, ne goode werkis of o+tre
vertuwis; but Poul wole +tat alle +tese dettis drawe to +tis    #
ende: to
loue togydere. And so eche man by +tis lawe is holdon ay to     #
loue
eche bro+tur. And so monye men in +tis world ben byhynde of
dette of loue; but God mot euere come byfore, to loue men +tat
haton hym. Take hed to ocur and o+tre synnes +tat sowne not in
charite, and counte not +tis anoon for dette by Poulis rewle of
byleue. And so +tis word wel vndurstondon dampne+t alle         #
errouris
in +te chirche. And so +tis o word of Poul axsu+t myche special
declaryng. And excusyng of ypocritis, +tat +tei kepon +tus      #
charite,
schal be dampned by +te hierste iuge, whanne noo synne may
asterte hym. Men of werre seyon comynly +tat +tei fy+gton for
charite, for so schulden +ter enemyes loue hem in such a caas;  #
and
+tus seyn plederis and pursuweris +tat +tei don +tus al for     #
loue. But
<P I,522>
+tis excusacion mot be iuged by Crist hymself; and +tis Lord is
charite, and knowe+t al resoun and al gabbyng.
   And so eche man here in er+te schulde lyue so iustly to his
bro+tur, bo+te in herte, in word and dede, +tat it sownede al   #
in
charite, For +gif he passe +tis rewle of Poul, he renne+t in    #
dette
a+genys his bro+tur. And Crist teche+t men to prey+ge hym +tat  #
he
for+gyue hem +tis dette, but ri+gt as +tei for+gyuon here       #
dettouris.
And +tus men byddon a+genus hemself +tat faylon in mercy to     #
+ter
bre+tren, for charite is vniustly knyttud. Muse +tow not how    #
God
biddu+t +tat +tou schuldust loue eche man, si+t monye men ben
vnknowone of +tee, and noon may loue but +tat he knowe+t; God
teche+t to knowe generally, and to loue aftur +tis knowyng. Do  #
no
wrong to +ti bre+tren, and +tow fullust +tis lore of Poul,      #
(^for whoeuere
loue+t his ney+gebore ha+t fulfullud +te lawe^) of God. +Gif    #
+tou sey+ge +tow
louest o man, and doost wrong to ano+tur, +tow gabbust to God
vpon +tiself, and hatust +tin furste frend. As, +gif monye men  #
baron
a wey+gte, and eche schulde helpe o+tur +terto, he +tat         #
faylu+t to
helpe oon, mut nedys fayle a+genys hem alle. And Poul tellu+t
afturward how +tis o word of loue comprehendi+t al +te lawe,    #
as he
schewe+t by fyue lawis. For +tis maundement of God +tat biddu+t
(^+tow schalt not be a lechour^) ; +te secounde maundement      #
+tat byddu+t
+tat (^+tow schalt not sle +ti bro+tur^) ; +te +tridde          #
maundement +tat biddu+t
+tat (^+tow schalt not stele his goodis^) ; +te four+te         #
maundement +tat
biddu+t +tat (^+tow schalt not seye false witnesse^) ; +te      #
fyue+te maundement
also (^+tow schalt not coueyte +ti ney+geborus good; and, +gif  #
+ter be ony o+tur
maundement, in +tis word it is instorud, +tow schalt loue +ti   #
ney+gebore as 
<P I,523>
+tiself^) . As monye pens ben closude in o tresour comynly, so  #
in +tis o
word of God ben comunly o+tre vndurstonden. He +tat ha+t +tis o
lawe, and kepu+t it wel as he schulde, ha+t fulfullud al +te    #
lawe, as
Poul sei+t and Iamys bo+te. And +tis (^loue of +ti ney+gebore   #
worchu+t no 
synne^) a+genys hym; and (^+terfore fulnesse of +te lawe is     #
loue^) , +gif it be wel 
takon.
   +Tis schort tresor of word of loue schulde be takon owt,     #
whanne
it is nede. For +tis tresour may not fayle, +gif it be          #
groundud in +te
furste loue; for +tat loue is wi+towton ende, and loue is +te   #
more +tat
it be vsud. Poule speku+t not here of fleschly loue ne of       #
worldli
loue, but of loue in God; for +tes two loues ben more hate, and
schendon loue +tat man schulde haue. For loue of God is ful of
resoun and holdu+t no +ting a+genys resoun; for, +gif it helde  #
a+genys
resoun, +tanne it were a+genys God. And +tus clene loue puttu+t #
owt
alle synne. And in +tis lore schulden men studye, and +tis      #
charite
schulde moue men to speke stabully herof. 
   And among alle men +tat synnon a+genys charite, +tes foure
sectis +tat newe ben comen wi+towton auctorite of Crist, semon
more stefly to synne a+geyn +te lawe of charite. And heere is
somwhat to speke a+genys +te furste of +tes foure. +Te furste   #
hed of
+tis secte is +te pope wi+t hise clerkis, and +ter maner of     #
lordly lif
a+genys +te lore +tat Crist tau+gte Petre. +Tis aggregat of     #
+tes alle ben
+te furste secte newe comen in; and alle +tes foure sectis ben
armede wi+t armure of ypocrisye. And somme clepon +tis furste
heed anticrist, for his lif. +Gif he sue his patroun as he      #
feyne+t he
suwe+t Crist, he suwe+t more +te emperour +tan o+tur Crist or
seynte Petre; for +te world is his patroun, and +te fadur of    #
prude
<P I,524>
also. Furst it seme+t +tat he synne+t in charite, +tat Poul     #
speku+t of,
for he disseyue+t mennys wyt by +tis foule ypocrisy. +Gif       #
Petre in his
lif was passynge o+tre apostlis, +tat weron his felowis in      #
pouerte
and mekenesse and in trauele for +te chyrche, +tanne he mut     #
haue
a successour contrarye to hym in alle +tes +tre. Certis a fend  #
of helle
schulde schame to disseyue men by such a skyle. And whanne
men ben +tus blyndude, he disseyue+t hem afturward of fredom
+tat Crist ha+t +gouen, and maki+t hem +tral by his lawis.      #
Petre ne
ony o+tre apostle durste not seye +tat he was so nedful, +tat
wi+towten his gouernayle moste +te chyrche nedis perische, and
by +tis blasfeme gabbyng sle monye +tousynde men. He is not on
Cristus syde, +tat puttude his soule for his schep, but on
anticristus syde, +tat putti+t monye soulis for his pruyde.     #
+Tis man
fedu+t not Cristus schep as Crist bad +tries to Petre, but      #
spuylu+t
hem, and sle+t hem, and ledu+t hem in monye wronge weyus. +Gif
he louyde Cristus schep, he schulde lede hem by Cristus lawe, 
and wature hem and make hem reste by +te lesewis, and by +te
watres +tat Crist ha+t ordeyned for hys schep. +Tis man +tat    #
+tus
hatu+t God, mot aftur nedys hate hymself, and alle his bre+tren
+tat he sei+t ben his schep, for his ri+gt cure. It seme+t      #
+tat no men
here in er+te reuersu+t more +tis lore of Poul. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WESERM27>
<N WSERM I/ES27>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,588>
[} (\ [{DOMINICA V POST PASCHAM. EPISTOLA. SERMO 27.{] \) }]

[} (\ESTOTE FACTORES UERBI. IACOBI PRIMO.\) }]

Iames teche+t in +tis epistle how +te religion of Crist         #
schulde be
clene kept of men wi+towten ordre of mannys fyndyng. And he
bygynne+t of +tis maner: (^be +gee doerys of Godus word and     #
not only
hereris, for +tanne +ge disseyuon +goureself^) by medelyng of   #
mannys ordre.
For alle +tes foure newe ordris moten be lernyng al +ter lif    #
of +te
rewle +tat +tei han foundon, bysyde +te rewle +tat Crist +gaf;  #
and by
+ter rewlus +tei ben tyede, as a bole by a stake, to dwelle at  #
home in
+ter cloystre, or to loue yuele +ter owne ordre. A+genys +tis   #
speku+t
Iamys heere wi+t o+tre auctores of hooly wryt. And Poul sei+t   #
to
Tymothe of +tes veyne newe ordris +tat +tei ben euermore
lernyng, and neuere comynge to fruyt +terof. It is knowon by
Godus lawe +tat heryng [{and lernyng{] of Godus word is schapon
of God for +tis ende, to teche it and do it in deede. So, +gif  #
a man
hadde ful knowyng of +tis word as Crist hadde, it were but      #
foly
and veyn to here and lerne more of +tis word. As +gif a lond    #
wolde
bere good corn wi+towte tylyng and donghyng +terof, it were     #
but 
ydel to traueyle +terfore, whonne it encresu+t not +te fruyt.
   And herfore sei+t Iames heere +tat +tes men disseyuon        #
hemself, as
<P I,589>
doon monye traueyloris in scole. (^For, +gif a man be herere    #
of^) Godus
(^word and no doere, +tis man schal be likned to man +tat       #
byholdu+t +te face of
his +gow+te in a myrour^) . And no drede +tes wordis of Iames   #
ben sutyl
and ful of wyt. And by techyng of God spekon somme men +tus of
+tes wordis, as tellon men of perspectif. +Ter ben +tre         #
maneris of
bodyly si+gt: +te furste si+gt is euene si+gt, as man see+t     #
+ting +tat is
byfore hym; +te secounde si+gt is reflectid, whanne it is       #
turned a+gen
by myrour; +te +tridde si+gt is reflexud, whanne it come+t by
dyuerse menys, and +tei ben of dyuerse kyndis, as +te mone is   #
seyn
a+genes ny+gt. And +tus men seen a peny in a dysch by heldyng   #
in of
watur, and ellys not; and by +tis si+gt may men see ful luytul  #
+ting
by fer space. +Te furste of +tese +tre si+gtus is moste cler    #
and mooste
certeyn. We schulden wyte ouer +tis for Iamys wordis +tat +tis  #
man,
+tat euere lerne+t and do+t not in deede Godis word, stonde+t
euermore in +te mene, and neuere come+t to +te fruyt +terof.    #
And
+tus he faru+t as a man +tat my+gte wel bettre se a +ting       #
wi+towte
myrour +tan wi+t myrour, and +geet he taku+t in veyn a          #
myrour;
and +tus he fallu+t in monye errouris of place and quantite of  #
+tat
+ting. And +tus +tes men +tat euere lernon and leuon to do      #
aftir +tis
lore, ben as lokeris in a myrour of fisege +tat +tei hadden in  #
+gow+te.
For +tis lore of Godus word schulde be a new lore and           #
vnparfi+gt
sy+gt, for +te ende in dede schulde come aftur +tat schulde be  #
euene
as +te furste si+gt. (^And +tus +tis^) man +tat (^loku+t hym    #
+tus +tow+gte^) on his
sowle (^for a tyme, but wente for+t^) by curyouste (^and        #
for+gat sone^) to worche
<P I,590>
+terfore. +Tus don men +tat stondon in science and worche not   #
aftur
by +tes science. And +tus ben men of veyn religioun, as Iames
teche+t oponly, for worche we here in good lif, as ende of      #
lore of
Godus word, and +tanne we schulen se in heuene myche bettre
vsself and alle o+tre +tingus. On +te +tridde maner of si+gt,   #
wi+t
curyouste +tat li+t +terynne, for we schulon se in Godus word   #
alle
+te +tingus +tat God ha+t maad, in a more cler kynde +tan is    #
+te
kynde +tat +tei han wi+towten. And clerkis clepon +tis          #
'intuicion' in
cler si+gt in God and blisse; and +tis +ting +tat we seen       #
+tere is in
substaunce God hymself, and in a maner +te same +ting +tat God
ha+t maad wi+towtefor+t. And +tus sei+t Iohn in his gospel      #
'+tat +ting
+tat is maad of God was lif in hym wi+towton ende', for it was
Godus kynde.
   And +tus sei+t Iames of Cristus religion +tat (^he +tat      #
loku+t in^) Godus
(^lawe^) , +tat is lawe (^of parfi+gt fredom, and dwellu+t      #
parfi+gtly in +tis lawe^) by
al his lif, wi+towton medelyng of mannys lawe +tat is derk,     #
(^and is not
maad for+getful herere, but makere of +te dede^) +tat he ha+t   #
herd, (^+tis man
schal be blessud in his deede^) . And +tis is +te beste fruyt   #
+tat may folwe
mannys lif here. God +towte not only on +tingus but made hem
wi+towton in +ter kynde; and so he wole not +tat men konnen     #
only, 
but +tat men do in deede +teraftur. And +tus +te +tridde        #
gospel of
Iohn my+gte be teeld on +Gol day. And of +tis declaru+t Iames   #
+tat
(^certis, +gif ony man gesse +tat he is a religious man, and    #
+geet refreyne[{+t{] not
his tonge, but disseyue+t his herte, his is a veyn              #
religioun^) . On monye
maneris oure religious disseyon hemself in vanyte. Furst +tei
refreyne not +ter mou+t in prey+geris, but for+geton to         #
worche; as +gif
<P I,591>
preyeris weron +te beste +ting by whiche men seruon and plesen
to God. On +te to+tur maner religious ben veyn, whanne +tei
lernon +ter owne rewlis and leuon +te rewle +tat God +gaf, and
ocupyon hem in +tis lore, to seye and synge wi+towte book; as   #
+gif
+tis plesude moost to God. On +te +tridde maner +tes ordris ben
veyn +tat prechon iapis to begge betture, and to susteyne hem
cloystres and howsus, and o+tre goodis +tat +tei coueyton. And
certis +tes lompus faylon here, as mowon gras +tat were         #
vnteddid;
for +tat gras mot nedis rote and fade in colour and swetnesse.
   But Iames tellu+t +tat (^clene religion, and religion        #
wi+towten wem
anentis God +te Fadyr^) of al, is religion +tat lyue+t +tus:    #
(^it visitu+t moderles
children and wydewys in +ter tribulacion, and kepu+t it         #
wi+towte wem fro^)
coueytise of (^+tis world^) . Lord! si+t Iames and o+tre        #
apostlis knewe
not +tes newe ordris and +tes cloystres, wi+t newe howsis and   #
o+tre
rytis +tat +tei han fowndon, what schulde moue to loue hem +tus
and leeue religion +tat God ha+t +gouon? It is blasfeme         #
vnbyleue,
howeuere +tat men spekon here. +Te apostlis weron tawt of +te   #
Holy
Goost for to wandre in +te world, and teche men bo+te by word
and deede, - for +tat lore is best to men, - and not to gedere  #
in
weete lompis, as doon owre newe ordris now. We schulden +tenke,
as dydon apostlis, how men ben now wi+towton help of +ter modyr
hooly chyrche, for prelatis and preestis ben turnyde amys fro   #
+te
ordre +tat Crist +gaf. And si+t men ben wi+towton help of oure
modyr hooly chyrche, +tei schulden visite more bussyly by +te
forme +tat Crist ha+t +gouen. And for +tis folye of nouelrye    #
God mot
<P I,592>
nedis forsake men. And so +tis chyrche is a wydwe, forsakon of
hyre spouse for hyre vnkyndenesse; and to counfort[{e{] men in  #
+tis
tribulacion were a greet almys deede. 

<Q M3 IR SERM WESERM40>
<N WSERM I/ES40>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P I,643>
[} (\DOMINICA X POST TRINITATEM. EPISTOLA. [{SERMO 40.{] \) }]

[} (\SCITIS QU[{ONIAM{] CUM GENTES ESSETIS. PRIMA CORINTHEOS    #
12.\) }]

Poule moueue+t in +tis epistele for former kyndenesse of Crist  #
to be
kynde to hym a+geen. For clerkis seien, and soo+t it is, +tat   #
bo+te
God and kynde haten +tat a man dwelle vnkynde aftir greet
kyndenesse +tat he ha+t takun; for soo+t it is +tat alle synne  #
turne+t
to vnkyndenesse to God. And +tus Poul bryngi+t to +tes mennus
mynde hou myche kyndenesse Crist ha+t don hem. (^+Gee wetyn^)   #
he
sei+t, (^whan +gee weren he+tene, +gee weren ledde to doumbe    #
maumetis, goyng^)
as beestis from oon to ano+ter, as +gif +gee hadden no soule    #
of man.
And si+t mannus God shulde be a +tyng +tat were +te fairest     #
and +te
beste, in whiche shulde lye +te hele+te of men, and make mennus
soule like to hym, +te fouleste +tyng +tat falli+t to man, and  #
most
perelus to his soule, is to haue a fals god, as hauen men +tat
worshipen maumetis; for +tei maken +ter soule foul to greet     #
perel
of +ter soule. And +tus it is a foul +tyng to be led as a       #
beere to a stake
bi vntrew+te of a feend, to loue ou+gt as it were god, +te      #
whiche
+tyng is not god; for alle suche ben false goddis. 
   And +tus sei+t Poule aftir +tat (^noon +tat speki+t in       #
Goddis spiry+gt
putti+t cursidnesse to Crist^) , si+t al +te Trynyte approued   #
hym, and
bo+te his dedis and his wordis weren hooly and ful of resoun    #
and
loue. And +tus men seien comynli +tat false men on +tre maneris
putten cursednesse to Crist, and alle +tes ben dampnable.       #
First,
<P I,644>
whan men bi opun synne ben not kyndeli to Crist, as alle synful
men done for tyme +tat +ter wille is turned amys. +Te secounde
seyyng of cursidnesse +tat false men puttyn vnto Crist is to    #
seye
wi+t herte and word +tat Crist was a fals prophete, and curse   #
hym
be vnbileue, as diden Iewis long tyme. +Te +tridde cursyng and  #
+te
werste +tat false men putten to Crist is +tat +tei feynen +te   #
name of
Crist, and his goodnesse wi+t his lawe; and +git +tei falsen    #
+tis in
dede, and seien +tat o+tir lawe is beter. As men of +tes foure  #
sectis
+tat puttyn bihynde Cristis lawe, and takun hem a newe patroun
and newe reule wi+toute Crist: +tes men ben ypocritis +tat      #
Crist
hati+t most of alle.
   And +tus sei+t Poul aftir, as treu+te suyng of his wordis,   #
+tat (^noon
may seye 'Lord Iesu' but in +te Hooli Goost^) . And Poul        #
speki+t heere of
seyyng +tat is seiyng fulli formed, as is seiyng of trewe men   #
in
herte, in word and in dede, +tat seien ry+gtli to Goddis        #
worshipe in
+te name of +te Trynyte. What men trowen we may +tus seye 'Lord
Iesu is oure lord, and oure sauyour fro +te feend', but +gif    #
+te Holi
Goost teche hym? - for +tanne he maki+t no departyng fro        #
Cristis
godhed and his manhed. But whateuere Crist ha+t ordeyned or
seid was don to his chirche at poynt deuys. And in +tis cursyng
fallen +tes sectis +tat dispisen Cristis lawe; as +gif his      #
ordynaunce
faylede, but +ter ordynaunce is myche betere. For what man
shulde chese ano+ter lawe, but +gif +tat lawe were betere +tan
Cristis? For he is fool of alle foolis +tat +tus chesi+t +te    #
worse weye,
and leeue+t +te beter weye to heuene, more ly+gt and more redy.
For he putti+t to Iesu Crist bo+de cursyng and dissey+gt, whan  #
he
sei+t bi his dede +tat Crist hidde +te betere weye, and         #
tau+gte +te
<P I,645>
vnparfitere weye, til +tat God hadde sent +tes sectis. And      #
+tes sectis
camen not fully out til +tat Sathanas was vnbounden. Among
alle blasphemes +tat euere sprungen, +tis is +te mooste         #
cursed; for
+tei techen opunli in dede +tat +tus it is, houeuere men        #
glosen. But,
al +gif +tes two kyndis of Crist ben dyurse in hemself, +git    #
+tes two
ben o God and +ter ben no mo goddis.
   And +tus men shulden in +ter +tou+gt +tenken how dyuysioun   #
of
+tyngis come+t of +tis oo God, +te whiche God is a spiry+gt.    #
And
herfore sei+t Poule aftir +tat (^+ter ben dyuysiones of Grace,  #
but^) certis (^it is
+te same spiry+gt^) of whom camen alle +tes gracis, as of o     #
welle comen
many strondis. And +tus of +tis same spiry+gt moten come        #
(^dyuysiones
of seruysis^) ; for +tis (^o God^) mot haue seruauntis aftir    #
+te grace +tat he
+geue+t, si+t +tis Lord loue+t degrees in his seruauntis as it  #
falli+t. And
+tus in +te +tridde tyme (^+ter ben dyuysiones of worchyngis,   #
and +git it is +te
same God +tat worchi+t al in alle +tyngis^) . Who shulde        #
grucche for +tes
dyuysiones, si+t +tei ben +tus ordeyned of God? as eche part    #
of a
man mot haue +tes +tre dyuerse in ordre: as first he ha+t an    #
hid
power, and of +tis power comen his willis, and of +tis power    #
and +tis
wille comen worchyngis to mennus profi+gt. And +tus, as it is   #
in
man, so it is in hooli chirche; and ioye we of +tis ordynaunce  #
of
God, si+t it is bo+te fayr and good.
   And +tus Poul declari+t aftir nyne degrees of mennus         #
worchyngis
+tat God ha+t ordeyned in +te chirche, as +ter ben +tre         #
ierachies,
for (^eche^) membre of hooli chirche ha+t sum shewyng of +tis
(^spiri+gt^) , bo+te to (^profy+gt^) of it and to profy+gt of   #
+te chirche. As to
summe bi +gifte of God is +gouen (^+te word of wisdom^) , for   #
summe haue
sum knowyng heere of treu+tis of +te hey+ge Trynyte. And        #
(^ano+tir
ha+t word of witt aftir +tis same spiry+gt^) ; for summe men    #
haue
knowyng of God, bo+te of aungelis and of heuenes, and hou +tis
<P I,646>
world come+t of God bi fair ordre +tat he ha+t ordeyned.        #
(^O+tir men
haue bileue^) of hid +tyngis and of heye; and alle +tes +tre    #
comen of
God +tat +gyue+t +tes to his chirche. (^Summe haue grace of     #
hele+tis^) , bo+te
bodili and goostli, bo+te to haue hem in hemsilf, and to +gyue  #
hem
to o+tir bre+teren. And God is +tat (^ilke spiry+gt^) of whom   #
alle +tes
gracis comen. (^God +gyue+t ano+tir to worche uertues^) , and   #
speciali to
knowe Goddis uertu, and how God of his gracious uertu ha+t
+gouen men power to worche uertues, as in departyng of +te see,
and in stondyng of +te sunne, and in many o+tir wondris +tat    #
God
ha+t doon for mannus sake. And +git +te wisdom of God +gyue+t   #
for
profy+gt of his chirche (^prophecie^) to sum men, to sue good   #
and flee
euel, as Ioon hadde in Apocalips, and sum men aftir hym haue
lesse. And +tis secounde ierachie answeri+t to +te secounde     #
persone.
(^To o+tere is +gouen^) +te seue+te tyme (^discrecioun to       #
knowe spiritis^) , and +tis
is a greet +gifte +tat come+t of +te Hooli Goost. For no drede  #
siche
spiritis moeuen men to dyuerse werkis, and it is a good +gifte  #
of
God to knowe goode spiritis fro yuel; for goode spiritis moeuen
euere men to uertuous dedis, and yuel spiritis moeuen men to
yuel and to bigile men. +Tis same Spiry+gt +geue+t to men       #
(^dyuerse
manere of langagis^) , as +tis Goost +gaf apostelis witt and    #
tungis on
Wittsunday. And at +te laste +tis Goost +geue+t men (^to        #
vndirstonde
witt of wordis^) , as +tis Goost +geue+t many men witt to       #
knowe what
holi writ mene+t. And alle +tes +tre +giftis of God ben         #
proprid to +te
Hooli Goost. But +git si+t alle +tes +tre persones ben o God    #
and o 
<P I,647>
Spiry+gt, noon of hem +geue+t ony of +tes, but +gif +tei alle   #
+tre +gyuen
hem. For (^oo God do+t alle goodis; and he departi+t +tes       #
+tyngis to men^) aftir
his power, witt and wille; and +tus he departi+t not amys, al   #
+gif +te
resoun be hid fro vs. 



<B CMBENRUL>
<Q M3 IR RULE BENEDME>
<N BEN RULE ME>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D NL>
<V PROSE>
<T RULE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>

[^TEXT:  THE BENEDICTINE RULE.
THREE MIDDLE-ENGLISH VERSIONS OF THE RULE
OF ST. BENET AND TWO CONTEMPORARY RITUALS
FOR THE ORDINATION OF NUNS.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 120.
ED. E. A. KOCK.
LONDON, 1902.
PP. 9.25 - 15.21^]

<P 9>
[} [\V.\] }]

   In +tis sentence spekis sain benet of obedience, what
it is at saie. [{+T{]at es te firste mekenes: wid-uten
duelling til +tat man bidis yu do. [{M{]eke bi-houis yu
be for +te luue of god, for he mekid him for yu. [{M{]eke
yu to godis seruise in hali kirke and do yure miht +tar-to,
+tat ye may fle +te fir of helle and cum til heuin-rike; +tare
es faire at be. [{+T{]at yure abes cumandes yu at do, +tat ye
do it suiftlike; als god cumandis: " (\Ob auditu &c.\) - 
[{+T{]urz +te wordis ye here o me, +tan ah ye at be meke";
als yure maistiresse leris yu, als it sais: " (\Qui uos         #
audit\) - 
<P 10>
wha sam heris yu, +tan heris me." for +ti sal ye understande
+taim: +tat of mekenes wil lere, +tai sal here +te
cumandemens, and do als man bidis +tam. ye sal leue
yure ahen propir will, and do o+tir mens. +toz ye be in 
labur, and yure maistires cumande yu at do a-no+tir +ting,
ye sal laie it dune, & do +tat scho bidis; +tan er ye buxum 
under reule. ilkain sal take discipline at o+tir, als hir
mastiresse +toz scho ware, in +te dute of god. ye sal wne
yu til strate gate, for +te luue of god; Als ure lauerd sais:
" (\Angustia &c.\) - Straite gatis toke I me for to giue yu     #
asaumpil
at liue." ye ne sal noht liue in yure ahen wille, 
bot giue yu til mekenes. ye sal do o+ter mens wille, yef
ye wil cum to god. +Ta +tat wil liue in euuent, +tai sal
haue maistiresse ouir +tam for to yeme +taim, +tat tay foliz
+te wordis of god, als he sais: " (\Non veni &c.\) - I ne
come not in-til er+te for to do mi wille, bot my fadirs +tat
me sent." +tat es godis wille, +tat ye foliz yure ordir, and
luue til yure prome, and do with-uten gruching +tat yu es
cumandid. +te mekenes +turz god ye can, als he sais
him-self: " (\Qui uos audit\) - +tat heris in yu, +tai here
me." For +ti bi-houis +te decipils do +te mekenes, als +tai
haue tane to; +tat es godis wille. +toz +tu gruche, +te
cumandement sal be haldin. And yef +tu gruches & dos
+tat ilke +ting, god es noht paid +tar-of; for he ses ty
herte, & for ty hauis +tou no mede of +tat +ting +tat tu dos
gruchande; for +ti sal tu quite +te wid scrift; ye, it bi-cimis
yu. lauerd gif us sua meke at be, +tat we may halde ure
ordir, and syne cume til +te ioy +tat lastes ay. Amen.

[} [\VI.\] }]

   Sain benet spekis in +tis sentence of silence, how +ge
sal it halde. he bidis +tat +ge do als +te prophete
sais: "kepe +gour tunge, it sp[{e{]ke no sca+te, & +gour lippis
fra iuil, & kepe +gow fro dedly synne." for +ti sal +ge seldin
speke, for +ge sal speke nan unat, ne vse yow noht +tar-to.
& in o+tir stede es writen: " (\Mors & uita &c.\) - In +te
pointe of +te tunge es lif & ded." loke whe+ter +ge wil take
to. +te maistires aw at speke for to lere hyr dicipils
wisdom. +te decipils sal here +tar lesson & understand it.

<P 11>
[} [\VII.\] }]

   Of mekenes spekis sain benet in +tis sentence, & sais
with hali scripture: " (\Omnis qui se exaltat &c.\) - 
+ta +tat heyes +tam, +tai sal be mekid; & +tai +tat mekes
+tam sal be heyed." vre lord saide +tat it es pride in +taim
+tat hyes +taim. Til mekenes he bides yu se, & say als +te
prophete saide, when he spac til ure lauerd with mu+te:
" (\Domine, non est &c.\) - lauerd, my hart es not heyid in
me, ne min eyen. Mikil o me ne held I noht to praise
me-self. yef I leuid at se to mekenes & heyid me, My
lauerd munde do to my saul als +te barne +tat is done
fra his modir milke ouir-arlike." Mikyl walde he fle
pride, +te prophete, als hali writ sais. Yef ye wyl be
hezid, lokes +tat ye be meke, And make yure stize to he
heuin wid yure gode dedis, +tat iacob saz slapande: he saz
gode wid his angels cume dune and vp in +te stede +tare he
lay. yef ye wil se to mekenes, +tare sal ye be hezed,
and gang vp wid +tat stize. +tat bitakins, +tan +tai com
dune, ye sal be lazed, yef ye be prude; and tan +tai yede
vp, +tat ye sal be hezed, yef ye to mekenes can se. +Te
stize betakins vre lif here. +te stize hauis tua tres, bitakins
+te body and te saul, ay+tar at helpe o+tir. +te stelis         #
by-tuixe 
bitakins oure gude dedis, +tat sal bere vs vp to god.
+te tres betakins mekenes to goddis seruise and vnder
discipline. Lauerd, we prai +te for +ti misericorde +tat we
mai sua yeme +tis reul o mekenes, In +te felazscap of +tin
angels +tat we may be. amen. (\Qui viuis & regnas deus
per omnia secula.\)
   Sain Benet sais +tat te dedis of mekenes ere ful suete;
sua kennis he us; And sais +tat ye sal haue firste
+te dute of god, +tat ye liue sua, +tat ye be noght for-getil
and fle evil dedis, And tat ye recorde wel +te cumantemens
of god. Loke +tat ye fle sinne, yef ye wile cume to +te
ioy of heuin fra +te pines of helle; +tat yure wyl be euir at
gete yu fra sca+te; +tat ye gete yu fra iuil +tohtes, yure
tunges fra iuil speche, yure eyen, yure hend, yure fete fra 
vnait gate, fra iuil wylle; And scere o-way al +te langing
of yure fleis. God ses al yure +toght and al yure dedis.
<P 12>
+te angel +tat here yemis yu dos hym at wit all yure
dedis; sua sais te prophete. Alle yure +tohtes may he
se; And whyder +tai wyl lede yu, resun sal ye yelde
of +tam. for +ti ah ye at gete yu fra iuil +tohtes, +tat ye
may cume to +te ioy of heuin. god gyf it us! amen.
   Of propir wyl spekis sain benet; and ye sall do it als
god bidis in haly writ and sais: " (\Et a voluntatibus\) - 
Turne yu fra yure wille and gete yu fra iuil; 
+tan may ye liue in pais." Of yure ahen wylle sall ye
blinne, al +tat wil do yu sinne; Als it is wrytyn: " (\Sunt
vie que\) - +te rihte gate, it es til +te lyf +tat lastes ay."  #
+ta
gates sal ye fle +tat wicke men gas to hell by. for +ti ar
+tai rotyn +tat folyzed wicke wylle; hauid tay na bettir
mede. sua sal yure antente be, +tat god may se al yure
wylle; Als te prophete sais. He sais: "all his langing
es by-fore god." for +ti es gude +tat ye doe o-way yure
wicke dedis & +tohtes; +te dede is set to chasti +taim.
for witte ye wele +tat god may se ba+te iuil and gude; es
noght hyd be-fore hym. God lokis ut of heuin in-tyl
er+te tyll hise at visit +taim, and lokes yef man askys hym
ohte. For +ti lokys +tat ye do wel, +tat yure angel may
do yure nedis to god of al +tat ye haue nede. And getes
yu wel, yure fautes be noght musterd by-fore god. Lauerd,
+tu do vs sua at liue, +tat we may deliuir vs of al vre
fautes, And si+tin to ioy cume. Amen.
   +Te to+tir maner o mekenes is, sais sain benet, For to 
hate yure ahen propir wyl, And fulfil noght yure
langing, bot do godis wylle, and his desire fulfille; Als
him-selfe sais: " (\Non veni &c.\) - I ne cume noght for to do
my wille, bot my fadirs +tat me sent." And in odyr stede
sais he: " (\Voluntas habet &c.\) - Wille he hauide paine at
do, at haue +te curune +tat lastes ay, als it was hys wille."
Lauerd, we pray +te +tat we may sua halde +tis mekenes,
+tat we may do +ti wille. amen.
   Of +te +tridde maner o mekenes spekys sain benet to +ta
in his reul wyl be, And bidis +tat ye sal be meke
vnder yure abbes and do godis seruise; Als ta-postil saide
of godis sune, +tat he was meke riht tyl +te ded. God
giue vs +tat we may sua be. amen.
<P 13>
   Of +te fer+te maner o mekenes spekys sain benet, hu ye
sal meke yu of +tingis +tat yu +tinc es igainis yu, +tat
fallis to yure ordir. yef man dos yu ani wrang, ye sal take
it in pacience, and noht fle +tar-fore, ne leue yure gode
dede; Als haly boke sais: " (\Qui perseuerauerit &c.\) - Wha
sua wel wirkis til endyng, +tai sal be sauf of alle +ting";
Als +te prophete sais: " (\Confortetur &c.\) - ye sal haue      #
cumfort
in yure hertis of god." For +ti sal ye be of pacience,
for +te luue of god, of +ting +tat es o-ganis yure fleis; Als   #
te
prophete sais to god: "Lauerd, we ere ilke day, for +te
luue of +te, in +te dute of dede als te shep +tat ere driuin to
ded, for we folih +te; bli+telike we suffir it, for we sal haue
mede of +te"; Als haly writ sais: " (\Probasti nos &c.\) - 
Lauerd, +tu prouis vs here als te siluir +tat es brind; +tu     #
did 
vs in +te lay and noy opon vre bak." for we sulde lere
vnder maistires hu we sulde liue; Als te letter sais:
" (\Inposuisti &c.\) - Ouir vs hauis +tu don men," +ti wylle at
fulfille. +Ta +tat ere vnbuxum, +tai sal be done to paine. Of
+taim spekis sain paul, and sais +tat tay ere fals. +Tai caste
+tair mantil and rennis a-mise. +tat bytakins, +tai sal liue
here bot a while. Alle be blisced +tat weris taim. God
giue vs sua meke at be, and sua his wille at do, +tat we his 
ioy cum to. amen.
   Of +te fifte maner o mekenes spekis sain benet for to
lere hys sistirs hu +tai salle scriue +taim to +tair abbes,
ba+te nunne and sistir. Loke +tat ye be buxum and scriue
yu of alle +te sinnis +tat ye haue don; Als haly writ bidis
yu: " (\Reuela domino &c.\) - Mustir til god al +ti gate, & he
sal make it in pes." And in odir stede sais he: " (\Confitemini
&c.\) - Knaus to god al yure sinne, for he es of mercy
and gude at al nede." yet sais +te prophete: " (\Delictum
meum &c.\) - Lauerd, I mustird +te myne dedis, I ne hid
tam noht and alle my herte." +tan ye do +tus, +tan sale yure
sinnes be for-gyvin. Lauerd giue vs grace sua for to muster
vre dedis, +tat we may til his ioy cum. amen.
   Sain Benet spekis of +te sexte de-grece of mekenes Til
his sistirs, and sais +tat ilkain sal halde +taim-selfe
lest of alle odir. And al +tingis +tat man bidis yu do, +tat
ye do it mekely, +tat resunnabil es. +tu sal +tinke in +ti      #
herte
+tat tu es vndinge to gode dede; Als +te prophete saide:
<P 14>
" (\Ad nichilum &c.\) - Til na +ting es I made bot for to
doe godis wylle. ic is like tyl a mere +tat beris +tat man
lais on hir bak." In what dede sam ye be, loke +tat yure
+toht and +gure herte [{be{] to god almihten. Lauerd, we praie
+te, what sam we do, +tat we to +te be broht. amen.
   Sain benet spekis yet til his sistirs of +te seuind
degrece o mekenes, and bidis +tat ye sal meke yu
ilka in-til o+tir, ba+te mare & lesse, And saie als te prophete
saide: " (\Ego sum &c.\) Ic es wrmis and na man,
And ut-castyng o men. First was ic hezed, and si+tin
lazed +tur scrifte, and ouir-cumin." sua sal ye do, & tanne
mai ye sai with +te prophete: " (\Bonum michi &c.\) - Lauerd,
god it es to me +tat +tu mekyd me to lere +tine cumandemens."
God giue vs sua his cumandemens at lere, +tat we 
may cume til his mekenes. Amen.
   Of +te ahtend maner o mekenes spekis sain benet til
his cuuent, and bidis +tat ye sal do als te reul sais,
And als it cumandis, And meke vnder +tare maistres in alle
+taire dedis. Lauerd, ye giue vs at halde +tis mekenes til 
+tending. amen.
   Sain benet spekis til his cuuent of +te nihend degrece
o mekenes, And biddis +tat ye ne sal noght vse
yu tyl mekil speche. for hali writ spekis +tare-of, and
sais +tat naman may mikil speke, bot yef +tare be sinne
i-mang, Na naman wil prayse +taim +tat es of mikil speche;
Ofte speke +tai wrang. Lauerd, +tu giue vs sua vre silence
to yeme, +tat we may serue +te to-queme, in yu+te and in 
elde. amen.
   Of +te tende maner o mekenes spekis sain benet
til his cuuent, And bidis +tat ye ne sal noght be
ouir-lazand; and +tinkes what +te prophete sais: " (\Stultus
in risu &c.\) - +te fool turnes hys +toght in-til lazter, and   #
helpis
noht." Lauerd, we pray +te +tis resun be halden with vs,
and send vs +ti wit. Amen.
   Sain benet spekis yet til his cuuent Of +te ellofte maner
of mekenes, And biddis +tat ye sal mekely speke
when ye speke, & wid-vten lazter, and o fa wordis & 
stabil, and speke wiselike. +tan +tu sal speke to +ti felahe,
<P 15>
crie noght o-pon hir, bot faire aske +tin erand, als haly
boke sais: " (\Sapiens verbis &c.\) - +te wyse man musters
hym wid fa wordis & welle sitande." Lauerd, we pray
+te Of +tis maner +tat we may be. Amen.
   Saint benet spekis in +tis sentence Of +te telfete maner
o mekenes, And bidis +tat ye sal meke yure herte
til alle men, ba+te to mare & les. In what labur sam ye
be, +toz ye be in +te kirke, Ou+tir in +te garde, Ou+tir in     #
gate,
Ou+tir in felde, ou+tir what labur sam ye do, +tat ye haue yure
heuidis enclind to +ter+te, And +teneke on yure synnys for to 
mende +taim, And tat ye be als rad als ye saz +te iugiment
of god, And +tinke what +te puplicane saide, when he laide
hym by-hinde +te dore, Als te gospel telles: " (\Domine,
non sum dignus &c.\) - Lauerd, I ne is noght digne at lifte
mine ezin til heuin for mine sinnes." loke what +te prophete
sais til oure lauerd in haly writ: " (\Incuruatus sum
&c.\) - Ic is lazed and mekid til alle +tat mine ezin se."
When ye haue fulfild +tis al, +tire mekenes, +tan sal ye cume
til perfite charite, til +te ioy +tat god hauis graid til       #
mannis
sunis. Lauerd, graunt it vs, +tat we may sua +tir mekenes
halde, +tat we to +ti ioy may cume. amen. (\Qui viuis &c.\)  



<B CMAELR3>
<Q M2/3 IR RULE AELR3>
<N INST AELRED 3>
<A X>
<C M2/3>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1350-1420>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T RULE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^AELRED OF RIEVAULX'S DE INSTITUTIONE
INCLUSARUM.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 287.
ED. J. AYTO AND A. BARRATT.
LONDON, 1984.
PP. 32.270 - 39.532 (MS VERNON, i.e.,
MS BODLEY ENG. POET. A.1., S. C. 3938-42)^]

<P 32>
[} (\CAPITULUM NONUM\) }]

   +Tis vertu of meknesse is a sur fundement of alle maner      #
vertues,
whit-oute which fundement, what so euere +tu wylt gostly reyse  #
vp,
hit falle+t doun. (\Inicium omnis peccati superbia:\)           #
'Bygynnyngge of alle
synne is proude', which cast owt an angel out of heuene, and    #
man out
of paradys. And of +tis cursede rote, al+tou+g +ter spryngge    #
out manye
venenous braunches, alle na+teles ben departed in-to two        #
spices: in-to
gostly, and bodyly. Bodyly pruyde is to be proud of bodyly      #
+gynges;
gostly pruyde is to be pruyd of gostly +gyftes. And             #
fur+termor, bodyly
pruyde is departed in tweyen; +tat is to sayn, in-to bost, and  #
vanite.
Vanite is as ofte as +te hand-mayden of Crist ha+t a            #
veyn-glorie in here
herte +tat sche is ycomen of gret blood and noble, and +terwit  #
ha+t a
<P 33>
flehsly delytyngge +tat sche ha+t forsake richesse of +te       #
wordle and
nobleye and take here to pouerte, or elles +tat sche holde      #
here-self
wondurliche holy and to be commende+t +tat sche ha+t forsake    #
grete
and ryche mariages off wor+ty mennes sones +tat sche my+gte     #
han be
maried to - al +tis is vanite. Also hit is a spice of vanite    #
+gif +tu coueyte 
to 
muche bodyly fairnesse, or +tat +tu delite +te to muche in      #
gaynesse of +ty
celle, in diuerse peyntyngges or celures, or swyche o+tere      #
tryfles; alle
+tyse iapes +tu most flen as contrarie to +ty professioun.
   Whit what vorheed my+gt +tu haue veyn-glorie of rychesse or  #
of
noble blood, +tat coueytest to be iseye his spouse +tat for vs  #
was mad
ri+gt pouere, al+tou+g he were verreyly ryche - +tat is Crist.  #
A pore
moder, a pouere may[{n{]e, a pouere hows he chees hym; +te      #
streytnesse 
of an oxe-stalle. And Lord, whe+ter it seme a gret woundour to 
+te, in +te whiche +tu schuldest haue a veyn-glorie, +tat +tu   #
hast forsake
to wedde a monnes sone for +te loue +tat +tu hast to be         #
Cristes spouse? Is
hit a gret woundour +tat +tu hast forsake styngyngge lust of    #
body for
+te swete sauour of maydenhood? Seme+t hit a wundur +tat +tu    #
hast
ychaunged matere of stench and of corupcioun for euer-lastynge
delices and rychesse of heuene? Schuldest +tu haue a            #
veyn-glorie,
al-+tey +tu haue idoo +tus?
   Holy scripture seyt: (\Si gloriaris, in domino glorieris\)   #
- Suster, +gif 
+tu
be glad for +tise +tyngges, loke +ty ioye be in God, and serue  #
hym in 
parfit drede. And vur+termor, I nel not be no wey +tat, as it   #
where
vndur colour of deuocioun and holynesse, [{+tu{] delite +te in  #
veyne
peyntyngges, kyttyngges and in grauyngges in +ty celle, no+ter  #
in 
clo+tys gaylyche yweue, ne steyned wit bryddes or bestes, or    #
diuerse
trees or floures, to o+ter babounrye. Let hem haue swych aray   #
+tat,
noon or litul ioye hauyngge wit-ynne, sechy+t al here ioye      #
wit-oute.


[} (\CAPITULUM DECIMUM\) }]

   (\Omnis gloria filie Regis abintus.\) As holy wryt sei+t,    #
alle +te ioie of a
kynges douter schulde be wit-ynne. +Terfore, +gif +tu be +te    #
kynges
douter of heuene, for as muche as +tu hast ywedded his sone     #
Criste,
loke +tu hiere +te veys of +ty Fader, which sei+t to +te +tat   #
al +ty ioye
schulde be wyt-ynne +te.
   Loke +terfore +tat al +ty gladnesse come of clene wytnesse   #
of a good 
conscience wit-ynne. Let +ter be fair peynture and grauyngge    #
of 
diuerse vertues; let +ter fressche coloures of goode +tewes     #
wit curious
knottes be knet to-gydere, +tat +te fayrnesse of o vertu,       #
and-o+ter wel
icoupled to hym, mowe make +te mor brit in schynyngge. Let      #
meknesse
be ioyned to chastete, and no+tyng schal be bry+gtere; let also
simplenesse be associod to good inward wysdom, and no+tyng      #
schal be
<P 34>
clierere; let mercy be coupled wit ry+gtwisnesse, and no+tyng   #
is mor
swete; and to alle +tyse +tanne put good temprure and good      #
discrecioun,
and mor profitable peynture schalt +tu noon fynde.
   In swich curiosite ocupye +tyn e+gen of +tyn herte, swich    #
vertuous
diuersete fourme in +ty soule wit al +ty wit, and +terwit let   #
enbroude +ty
spiritual clo+tynge. (\In fimbrijs aureis etcetera.\) +Gif +tu  #
wylt, as +te 
book
sei+t, adden goldene hemmys, certes, +tenne +tu hast a          #
garnement wel
iweue adoun to +ti foot, in whiche +tyn husbounde Crist wil     #
haue gret
lykyngge to fynde +te iclo+ted in. An hemme, as +tu wost wel,   #
is +te laste
ende of a clo+t; and +te ende wherto drawe+t al +te             #
parfeccioun of Godes
lawe is charyte, as +te apostel sei+t: (\Finis precepti est     #
caritas\) . +Tis
charyte most +tu nyede haue, louyngge God and +tyn              #
euene-cristene of
clene herte, wit good conscience, and wit fey not feyned ne     #
fayllynge.


[} (\CAPITULUM XJ\) }]

   In swich ray, suster, haue likyngge and gladnesse,           #
wit-ynne, and
not wit-oute; in verrey vertus and in verrey peyntures put +ty  #
lust.
   Let faire lynnene towayles ligge vppon +tyn awter, +gif +tu  #
hast eny;
+te whiche for here whitnesse and clennesse mowe signefie and   #
schewe
to +te +te whitnesse of chastete and simplenesse. Be+tenk +te   #
wit ow
muche trauayl and betyngge lynne or flex is ibrou+gt out of     #
+te ir+tene
colour +tat it grew in, er hit were so wyth as hit is whan it   #
make+t fair
+tyn awter, and Cristes body is wrapped +ter-in. Ferst flex is  #
brou+gt
for+t wit ir+tene colour; and so be [{we{] ybrout for+t wit     #
wickednesse
and synne: (\Quoniam ego in iniquitatibus conceptus sum, et in  #
peccatis
concepit me mater mea\) . Afterward, whan flew is itake out of  #
+te 
ir+te, hit is icast in-to water; and ry+gt so, whan we ben      #
take out of owre
oune moder wombe, we be+t icast in-to +te water of bapteme,     #
and +ter
we be+t ibyryed wit Crist. And +ter, al+tou+g synne be put      #
awey, +git
syknesse of synne dure+t. +Ter we take+t sumwhat off whitnesse  #
in +te
wasschyngge awey of +te viel+te of synne, bote, certes, al      #
parfytly clene
and whith be we not imaad, for +te enclinaunce +tat we          #
habbe+t, as
longe as we be+t in +tis wordle, to synne and to wrecchednesse.
   Vur+termor flex, after water, it is dryed; and so we, after  #
+tat we be+t
icristned, it be-houe+t +tat oure body by abstinence be ymaad   #
drye fro
stynkynde humores of vnclennesse. And ri+gt as after-ward flew  #
is ibete
wit a betyl, to be +te mor suple to werk; rith so oure flehs    #
is ibete and
bouyd wit temptacioun many and diuers, to be +te more obedient  #
to +te 
spirit. +Git ouermor, +tat lynne of flex is ipurged wit grete   #
yrene 
kombes, to putte awey +te grete superfluites; and so mote we    #
wit +te
scharpe +gerd of discipline putte awey alle superfluites, and   #
hode +tat is
streyt nyede to vs. And ry+gt as afterward +tis is iput to      #
flex: a comb of
<P 35>
smallere pryckes, to clense it more curiously - ry+gt so we,    #
whan we
haue ouercome, wit gret trauayle, grete and wickede             #
temptaciouns
and passiouns of +te flehs, we schul be aboute to make vs       #
clene of
cotidian defautes by meke schryfte and due satisfaccioun.       #
Ouermor,
after +tis flex is ispunne a-long; and so we by long            #
perseueraunce 
mote dure in oure goode purpos. And at +te laste, schortly,     #
ri+gt as to
lynnene, er it be parfytly fair and whit, is iput bo+te water   #
and fuir;
ri+gt so we mote +torou+g vier of tribulacioun and water of     #
scharp
contricioun, er we come fully to +te refreschyngge of chastete  #
and
clennesse.
   Swyche +tynges let brynge to +tyn myende +te ornamentes of   #
+tyn
oratorye, and not fulfylle +tyn e+gen wit vnlyfsum iaperyes     #
a[{n{]d
vanites.
[} (\DE YMAGINIBUS.\) }]
   And as touchyngge holy ymages, haue in +tyn awter +te ymage  #
of +te 
crucifix hangynge on +te cros, which represente to +te +te      #
passioun of
Crist, which +tu schalt folwe. Al-to-gydere he is ysprad        #
abrood to
bykleppe +te in his armes, in which +tu schalt haue gret        #
delectacioun;
and hys tetys be+t al naked ischewd to +te to +gyue +te melk    #
of spiritual 
delectacioun and confortacioun. And, +gif it be lykynde to      #
+te, to
commende +te grete excellence of virginite, let +tilke          #
blessede mayden
and moder in o syde, and +tilke diere deciple Ihon, a mayde     #
also, in +tat
o+ter syde of +te cros be ihad in here ymages, +tat +tu mowe    #
+tenke
her-by hou plesaunt to God is chastete bo+te of man and womman,
which he halewode so preciously in his moder and his lieue      #
deciple,
seynt Ihon; and +terfore he couplede hem so tendrely to-gydere,
hangynge on +te roode, whan he bytook to his moder +te deciple  #
to
kepe, and a+genward +te maydenly deciple to haue warde of +te   #
moder
and mayde. And a blessed testament was +tis to seynt Ihon, to   #
whom
+te fayrnesse of alle mankynde, hope of al +te wordle, ioye of  #
heuene,
refut of wrecchen, solas of +to +tat be+t in sorwe, cumfort of  #
pouere,
and at +te laste, lady of al +te wordle, queen of heuene wit    #
so gret
auctorite was take to kepe.
   Suster, let +tyse +tynges styre +te to feruour of parfit     #
charite, and to
noo spectacle of vanite; for +torou+g +tyse alle it is          #
necessarie +tat +tu stee
vp oon, alone - for +tilke on is only necessarie: (\Porro vnum  #
est
necessarium\) . +Tis is +tilke on +tat is not yfounde bote in   #
oon, at oon
and wit oon, in whom is noon vnstabilite ne chaungyngge; and    #
+tat
cleue+t to +tylke oon, he is oon in spirit wit hym. alwey       #
goynge in-to
+tilke oon +tat is eueremoore oon wit-outen eny mutacioun, and  #
whos
+geres ne tyme neuere ne fayle+t - (\Tu semper idem ipse es,    #
et anni non
deficient\) . +Tis cleuyngge to +tis oon is charite, whic, as   #
I seyde, is as it
were a goldene hem, finally to make fair +ty weddyng-coote.
<P 36>
[} (\DE CARITATE. CAPITULUM DUODECIMUM\) }]

   +Tis weddyng-garnement, suttylly yveue wit diuers vertus, it 
bihoue+t +tat it be be-goon aboute wit swiche goldene hemmes    #
+tat is to
seyn wit +te bri+gtnesse of charite, +te wyche mowen conteyne   #
and
bynde alle vertus in oon and make oon of manye, departyngge to  #
alle
here clernesse, and so cleuyngge to alle vertus +tat as it      #
were +tey alle
bete not manye, bote oon.
[} (\DIUISIO CARITATIS.\) }]
   +Tis charite is departyd in two: in-to +te loue of God, and  #
in-to +te
loue of +tyn emcristene. And vur+termor, +te loue of +tyn       #
emcristene is
departyd in two: in-to innocence and beneficience. +Tat is to   #
seyn, +tat
+tu greue ne harme noman, bote do good and profyt to as manye   #
as +tu 
my+gt - for +tis is lawe of kynde. (\Quod tibi non vis fieri,   #
alij ne feceris\)
- 
and +tis is innocence. And God seyd in +te gospel: (\Omnia      #
quecumque
vultis vt faciant vobis etcetera\) - alle +tynges +tat +ge      #
woolde +tat men 
dede to +gou+g, do +ge to hem a+genward: and +tis is            #
benificience.
   Now tak good heede, suster, how +tise two parteyne+t to      #
+te. +Te 
ferste is +tat +tu schost greue no-man; and certayn, +tat       #
howte be li+gt 
inou+g to +te, for +tu my+gt greue no-body, +tey +te woldest,   #
bote +gif +tu 
smyte hym wit +ty tounge. And for-so+te, +te secunde scal be    #
li+gt inou+g
to +te, +gif +tu take good heede to +ti purpos, and loue +te    #
nakede and bare
pouerte +tat +tu hast take +te to. For +ter may be no matere    #
of euel wil
a+gens no-man wher reigne+t no coueytyse, ne no+tyng is iloued  #
+tat may
be doon awey. +Terfore wylne wel to alle men, and do good to    #
as manye
as +tu mi+gt. Bote hier +tu askest of me in what +tyng +tu      #
mi+gt do good to
eny mon, so+t+te +tu hast forsake alle wordliche godys, and     #
hast no 
maner +tynge to +gyue to +te neody.


[} (\CAPITULUM XIIJ\) }]

   Suster, know wel +te condicioun of +ty lyf. +Ter were two    #
sustren,
Marthe and Marye: +tat oon trauaylede, +tat o+ter restyde;      #
+tat oon +gaf,
+tat o+ter askede and baad; Marthe +gaf outward seruise, Marie  #
nurschede
ynward loue. Marie ne ran not hyder and +tyder, bisy to 
vnderfonge gystes; Marie was not distracte aboute husbondrye;
Maria was not entendaunt to pore mennes cryyngge; bote sche     #
saat
meekely at Ihesu feet and herde deuoutly his word and his lore.
   My diere sister, +tis is +ty party: +tu +tat art deed to     #
+te wordle and 
ybyried, +tu schalt be deef to hiere eny-+tyng of +te wordle,   #
and dump
forto speke it; ne +tu schalt not be bysy ne distract aboute    #
wordly
ocupaciouns. Let Marthe alone wit +tat partye, whos partye,     #
al+tou+g it
be nou+gt deneyed good, Maries partye na+teles is yseyd +te     #
bettere.
   Lord, whe+ter Marie hadde eny enuye of Marthe? Nay,          #
dredeles;
<P 37>
bote ra+ter Marthe hadde enuye as it were of Maryes deel. And   #
in +te 
same manere let hem +tat be+t beste wommen i +te wordle, let    #
hem, I
seie, haue a spiritual enuye to folwe +ty lyuyngge; bote not    #
so +tu to
hemward. To hem +tat be+t in +te wordle longe+t to +gyuen       #
almesse,
wiche +tat haue+t wordliche possessioun, and also to men of     #
holy
churche to whom is itake +te dispensacioun of +te godys of holy
churche. For +teo +tynges +tat be+t y+giue to holy chirche      #
bysschopes,
prestes and clerkes, after +tat +tey haue itake +trof here      #
nyede +tey
scholde parte to +te pore; for here godys be+t pouere menne     #
godys, and
wydue godes, and faderles and moderles children godes, and also
minystres of holy churche goodis - for +tey +tat ministre+t     #
+te awter, it is
skyleful +tat +tey lyue of +te awter. To +tyse, +too +tat be+t  #
benefysed in
holi churche schulde in tyme of nyede dele here godes, and not
coueytously close hem v[{p{] in here cofres. And also +too      #
goodes +tat 
be+t y+gyue to holy monasteries in-to +te vs of Cristes         #
seruauns, hit is
resoun +tat +tey [{be{] ministred by certayn persones +tat      #
be+t y-ordeyned
+ter-to, so +tat +tat +tat is more +tan here bre+tryn han       #
nyede to, be
goodly y+giue to gystes, to pilgrymes and pore men, and not     #
auarously
iput vp in here purses. Bote suster, +tis partyne+t to hem to   #
whom is
itake Marthes office, not to hem +tat reste+t hem in holynesse  #
of
contemplacioun, as +tu art.
   For +too +tat be+t in cloystre schulde not bysi hem to       #
vnderfonge
gystes, ne +tey schulde not be distract to ministre to +te      #
pouere men;
for +tey be+t +tilke +tat schulde make no purvyaunce fro o day  #
to ano+ter,
ne haue no +tou+gt ne care of mete ne of drynke; certayn, +tey  #
schulle be
okepied in swettere +tyngges, and be fulfeld more profitably    #
of spiritual
delices. Let hem +tat be+t more contemptible and rude to        #
spiritualte,
let hem bysie hem wit +te wordle, let hem cleppe to hem
carayne and dung; for +tey be+t +tilke oxen +tat +te book       #
speke+t of:
(\Quorum piger stercoribus lapidetur\) - Among +te whiche he    #
+tat is slow
schal be stened to de+te wit stynkynde dung.
   Bote +ter be+t manye +tat be+t slow and vnlusty aboute       #
spiritual 
+tyngges, as were +tilke slow+g and synneful poeple in desert   #
+tat hadde
skorn and abhominacioun of angeles mete: (\Anima nostra nauseat
super cibo etcetera\) . For swyche nyce foolys, whan +tey be+t  #
ydulled in
here life, and +tey see o+tere y-ocupied in +te wordle aboute   #
temperal 
godys, anoon +tey haue+t envye, and grucche+t, and bagbyte+t    #
here
bre+teryn; and so for a lytul stynkynde viel+te, in +te whiche  #
o+tre be+t
defoyled in +te wordle, +tey hem-self be+t ismyte wit pryckes   #
of enuye
and biternesse; of +te whiche, in caas +tey falle a+gen to +te  #
wordle, to 
antermete of wordly +tyngges, certes, it may be sayd: (\Qui     #
nutriebantur
in croceis, amplexati sunt stercora\) .
   And +terfor, suster, se+t+te +tat +tey +tat be+t in holy     #
monasteries ne
<P 38>
schulle not ocupien hem wit +te wordle, bote +tilke +tat be+t   #
assigned
+ter-to, and to whom is itaken Marthes bisynesse, muche more    #
+tu, +tat
hast forsake +te wordle, ne+ter schalt haue worldly goodes in   #
dispensacioun,
ne+ter see ne hiere matires of +te wordle. +Tu +tat hast al     #
forsake,
wher-of schuldest +tu +gyue almesse? Na+teles [^EDITION:        #
napeles^] , +gif +tu hast a wy+gt of +tyn
owne trauayle more +tan +tu dispendist +ty-self, +gif almesse   #
a Godes alf,
and +git not by +tyn owne hand, bote by sum o+ter. So+t+te +ty  #
lifnoode
come+t bote of o+tere folk, wherto schalt +tu care to +gyue     #
almesse of
o+tere menne godes, a namely se+t+te +tu schalt not vsurpe to   #
+te bote +ty
neode?
   What +tanne almesse or good schalt +tu doo to +tyn           #
emcristen, as I
sayde byforn, whan I spake of beneficience? Suster, an holy     #
seynt
sei+t: '+Ter is no+tynge rychere +tan a good wyl' - +tat +gif!  #
What is more
profitable +tan deuout preyere? +Tat +gif! What is more ful of  #
manhoode
+tan pite? +Tat spreed aboute! And in +tis wise, suster, bynd   #
al +tis 
wordle to-gydere in +ty bosum wit o bond of pyte and of loue;   #
and +ter
by-hald alle +teo +tat ben goode, and +tanke God +ter-of and    #
be glaad;
behald o +tat o+ter side alle +too +tat ben wickede and in      #
dedly synne,
and wyep vp-on hem and be sory! +Ter tak heede of hem +tat be+t
oppressed +toru+g greet meschyef, and haue conpassioun of hem;  #
let
renne +ter in +ty myende +te misese of +te pouere, +te          #
whepyngge of
fadurles and modurles children, +te desolacions of wydues, +te  #
bitere
si+g+gyngge and weylyngge of [{+to{] +tat be+t ouercome by      #
greet sorwe, +te
niede of pilgrymes, +te periles of hem +tat be+t in +te see,    #
+te he+ge vowes
of holy virgynes, +te temptacions of holy men, +te bysynesse    #
of prelatys,
+te trauayle of hem +tat be+t in wherre, o+ter in o+ter maner   #
ry+gtful
trauayle. To alle +tyse opene +ty brest, to +tyse +gif +tyn     #
almesse, to +tyse
departe +ty bitere terys, for +tyse sched out +ty clene         #
preyeres.
   For-so+te, suster, +tis almesse is more plesaunt to God,     #
more acceptyd
of Crist, more competent to +ty professioun, more fructuous to 
hem +tat +tu +gifst hit to, +tan eny o+ter bodyly +gifte.       #
Swych maner +gifte,
+tat is to seye gostly almesse, spiritual beneficience,         #
helpe+t +ty purpoos
and not hyndre+t it, also hit encrese+t +te loue of +tyn        #
emcristene and
not amenuse+t it. Hit kept +te quite of +tyn herte, and let     #
hit nouth. And
what schal I say more? Certayn, as seynt Gregory say+gt:        #
'Summetyme
holy men, for +te more parfeccioun, for +te loue of God and of
here emcristene +te wolde no-+tyng of wordly richesse haue in   #
+te
wordle, ne no+tyng coueyte forte haue.' Bote manye and to       #
manye +ter
be+t +tat do+t euen +te contrarie, for +tey trauayled ny+gt     #
and day to haue
wordly good, and +tey seyn to doo charite and almesse, for      #
+tey wolde
<P 39>
haue what for-to +gyue. Bote certayn, +tyse wel ofte fayled of  #
+te he+ge
parfeccioun off charite. 



<B CMPURVEY>
<Q M3 IR RELT WYCPROL>
<N WYCL PROL>
<A PURVEY JOHN>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^PURVEY, JOHN.
TEXT:  THE PROLOGUE TO THE BIBLE.
THE HOLY BIBLE, CONTAINING THE OLD AND NEW
TESTAMENTS, WITH THE APOCRYPHAL BOOKS,
IN THE EARLIEST ENGLISH VERSIONS
MADE FROM THE LATIN VULGATE BY JOHN
WYCLIFFE AND HIS FOLLOWERS, VOL. I.
ED. J. FORSHALL AND F. MADDEN.
OXFORD: UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1850.
PP. 56.1 - 60.14^]
 
<P I,56>
[}PROLOGUE.}]

Thou+g these reulis either keies of scripture bringen men to    #
greet vndirstonding thereof, +git
men moten taken heede, what is seid of Crist bi his godheed,    #
and what bi his manheed, for
Crist bi his manheed, is seid lesse than the fadir, and bi the  #
godheed he is seid euene with
the fadir; and for as myche as Crist is bothe God and man, we   #
graunten that God is 
deedly, and di+gede on the crosse, not bi his godheed, but bi   #
the manheed of Crist, that was
ioyned in oonhed  of persone with the godheed, and we graunte,  #
as the gospel doith, that
man, while he was deedly on erthe, was in heuene, for his       #
godheed was there, and he also
bi resoun therof. Also we moun graunte wel, that a man made     #
heuene and erthe, for Crist
bi his godheed, which Crist is and was man, dide thus. Also     #
hooly scripture tellith ofte
the thou+gtis of men, and ofte the wordis and deedis; and       #
whanne the thou+gtis, and wordis,
and deedis of men ben contrarie, oo gospeller tellith the       #
thou+gtis, and another tellith the
wrdis; and bi this eguiuocacoun, either diuerse speking, thei   #
ben acordid, +ghe, whanne
thei seemen contrarie in wordis; also ofte in storial mateer    #
scripture rehersith the comune
opynyoun of men, and affirmeth not, that it was so in dede. In  #
this maner the gospel seith,
that Joseph was the fadir of Crist, thou+g he neuere gendride   #
Crist; for Marie, Cristis
modir, was euere clene virgyne. Thus the gospel seith, that at  #
the biheeding of Joon
Baptist, Eroude was soory, and +git, as doctouris seyn, he was  #
ful glad thereof; but he
feynede him sory for the puple, and the puple gessid him sory.  #
Also thou+g scripture rehersith, 
hou hooly men lyueden, and comendith hem greetly, it appreueth  #
not alle hire
deedis, for many greete seyntis erriden foule in manye          #
poyntis; and thou+g scripture tellith
the stories of yuel men and dampned, it repreuith not herfore   #
alle thingis whiche thei
diden, for thou+g thei weren hemsilf ful cursid, thei diden     #
many goode deedis of kynde,
and sumtyme perauenture goode dedis of vertu, if thei weren in  #
grace for a tyme. At the
laste take +ge good heede, whanne scripture spekith bi          #
comaundement to all men, and
whanne it +geueth comaundement to certeyn persones of diuerse   #
statis. In the first poynt,
alle men moten do, as it seith; in the ij. tyme, the persoones  #
of staatis specified  moten
nedis obeye; whanne scripture speketh oonly bi counceil, men    #
moun be sauid, thou+g thei
do not the counceil, as ful many men and wymmen moun be sauid,  #
thou+g thei take not 
virginite, neither contynence, neither +geuen alle her goodis   #
to pore men, and +git these ben
heere counceils of Jhesu Crist in the gospel.

[}CAP. XV.}]

For as myche as Crist seith that the gospel shal be prechid in  #
al the world, and Dauith
seith of the postlis and her preching, "the soun of hem +gede   #
out into ech lond, and the 
"wordis of hem +geden out into the endis of the world," and     #
eft Dauith seith, "the Lord 
schal telle in the scripturis of puplis, and of these princis   #
that weren in it," that is, in holi
chirche, and as Jerom seith on that vers, "hooly writ is the    #
scripture of puplis, for it is
"maad, that alle puples schulden knowe it," and the princis of  #
the chirche, that weren 
therinne, ben the postlis, that hadden autorite to writen       #
hooly writ, for bi that same that the
postlis writiden her scripturis bi autorite, and confermynge    #
of the Hooly Goost, it is hooly 
scripture, and feith of cristen men, and this dignite hath noo  #
man aftir hem, be he neuere
so hooly, neuer so kunnynge, as Jerom witnessith on that vers.  #
Also Crist seith of the
Jewis that crieden Osanna to him in the temple, that thou+g     #
thei weren stille stoonis
schulen crie, and bi stoonis he vndirstondith hethen men, that  #
worshipiden stoonis for
her goddis. And we Englische men ben comen of hethen men,       #
therfore we ben vndirstonden 
bi thes stonis, that schulden crie hooly writ, and as Jewis,    #
interpretid knowlechinge,
singnefien clerkis, that schulden knouleche to God, bi          #
repentaunce of synnes, and bi vois 
<P I,57>
of goddis heriyng, so oure lewide men, suynge the corner ston   #
Crist, mowen be singnefied bi
stonis, that ben harde and abydinge in the foundement; for      #
thou+g couetouse clerkis ben 
woode by simonie, eresie, and manye othere synnes, and          #
dispisen and stoppen holi writ, as
myche as thei moun, +git the lewid puple crieth aftir holi      #
writ, to kunne it, and kepe it,
with greet cost and peril of here lif. For these resons and     #
othere, with comune charite to
saue alle men in oure rewme, whiche God wole haue sauid, a      #
symple creature hath translatid 
the bible out of Latyn into English. First, this symple         #
creature hadde myche trauaile,
with diuerse felawis and helperis, to gedere manie elde         #
biblis, and othere doctouris, and
comune glosis, and to make oo Latyn bible sumdel trewe; and     #
thanne to studie it of the
newe, the text with the glose, and othere doctouris, and he     #
mi+gte gete, and speciali Lire on 
the elde testament, that helpide ful myche in this werk; the    #
thridde tyme to counseile
with elde gramariens, and elde dyuynis, of harde wordis, and    #
harde sentencis, hou tho
mi+gten best be vndurstonden and translatid; the iiij. tyme to  #
translate as cleerli as he 
coude to the sentence, and to haue manie gode felawis and       #
kunnynge at the correcting of 
the translacioun. First it is to knowe, that the best           #
translating is out of Latyn into 
English, to translate aftir the sentence, and not oneli aftir   #
the wordis, so that the sentence 
be as opin, either openere, in English as in Latyn, and go not  #
fer fro the lettre; and if
the lettre mai not be suid in the translating, let the          #
sentence euere be hool and open, for
the wordis owen to serue to the entent and sentence, and ellis  #
the wordis ben superflu 
either false. In translating into English, manie resolucions    #
moun make the sentence open,
as an ablatif case absolute may be resoluid into these thre     #
wordis, with couenable verbe,
(^the while, for, if^) , as gramariens seyn; as thus, (^the     #
maistir redinge, I stonde^) , mai be resoluid 
thus, (^while the maistir redith, I stonde^) , either (^if the  #
maistir redith^) , etc. either
(^for the maistir^) , etc.; and sumtyme it wolde acorde wel     #
with the sentence to be resoluid into
(^whanne^) , either into (^aftirward^) , thus, (^whanne the     #
maistir red, I stood^) , either (^aftir the 
maistir red, I stood^) ; and sumtyme it mai wel be resoluid     #
into a verbe of the same tens,
as othere ben in the same resoun, and into this word (\et\) ,   #
that is, (^and^) in English, as thus,
(\arescentibus hominibus prae timore\) , that is, (^and men     #
shulen wexe drie for drede^) . Also a
participle of a present tens, either preterit, of actif vois,   #
eithir passif, mai be resoluid into
a verbe of the same tens, and a coniunccioun copulatif, as      #
thus, (\dicens\) , that is, (^seiynge^) ,
mai be resoluid thus, (^and seith^) , eithir (^that seith^) ;   #
and this wole, in manie placis, make the
sentence open, where to Englisshe it aftir the word, wolde be   #
derk and douteful. Also
a relatif, which mai be resoluid into his antecedent with a     #
coniunccioun copulatif, as thus,
(^which renneth, and he renneth^) . Also whanne oo word is      #
oonis set in a reesoun, it mai be
set forth as ofte as it is vndurstonden, either as ofte as      #
reesoun and nede axen; and this word
(\autem\) , either (\vero\) , mai stonde for (^forsothe^) ,     #
either for (^but^) , and thus I vse comounli;
aud sumtyme it mai stonde for (^and^) , as elde gramariens      #
seyn. Also whanne ri+gtful construccioun 
is lettid bi relacion, I resolue it openli, thus, where this    #
reesoun, (\Dominum formidabunt 
adversarij ejus\) , shulde be Englisshid thus bi the lettre,    #
(^the Lord hise aduersaries 
shulen drede^) , I Englishe it thus bi resolucioun, (^the       #
aduersaries of the Lord
shulen drede him^) ; and so of othere resons that ben like. At  #
the bigynning I purposide, 
with Goddis helpe, to make the sentence as trewe and open in    #
English as it is in Latyn,
either more trewe and more open than it is in Latyn; and I      #
preie, for charite and for
comoun profyt of cristene soulis, that if ony wiys man fynde    #
ony defaute of the truthe of 
translacioun, let him sette in the trewe sentence and opin of   #
holi writ, but loke that he 
<P I,58> 
examyne truli his Latyn bible, for no doute he shal fynde ful   #
manye biblis in Latyn ful 
false, if he loke manie, nameli newe; and the comune Latyn      #
biblis han more nede to be 
correctid, as manie as I haue seen in my lif, than hath the     #
English bible late translatid;
and where the Ebru, bi witnesse of Jerom, of Lire, and othere   #
expositouris discordith fro 
oure Latyn biblis, I haue set in the margyn, bi maner of a      #
glose, what the Ebru hath,
and hou it is vndurstondun in sum place; and I dide this most   #
in the Sauter, that of alle 
oure bokis discordith most fro Ebru; for the chirche redith     #
not the Sauter bi the laste 
translacioun of Jerom out of Ebru into Latyn, but another       #
translacioun of othere men,
that hadden myche lasse kunnyng and holynesse than Jerom        #
hadde; and in ful fewe bokis 
the chirche redith the translacioun of Jerom, as it mai be      #
preuid bi the propre origynals of 
Jerom, whiche he gloside. And where I haue translatid as        #
opinli or opinliere in English 
as in Latyn, late wise men deme, that knowen wel bothe          #
langagis, and knowen wel the 
sentence of holi scripture. And wher I haue do thus, or nay,    #
ne doute, thei that kunne 
wel the sentence of holi writ and English togidere, and wolen   #
trauaile, with Goddis grace, 
theraboute, moun make the bible as trewe and as opin, +gea,     #
and opinliere in English 
than it is in Latyn. And no doute to a symple man, with Goddis  #
grace and greet trauail,
men mi+gten expoune myche openliere and shortliere the bible    #
in English, than the elde 
greete doctouris han expounid it in Latyn, and myche            #
sharpliere and groundliere than 
manie late postillatouris, eithir expositouris, han don. But    #
God, of his grete marci, 
+geue to vs grace to lyue wel, and to seie the thruthe in       #
couenable manere, and acceptable to 
God and his puple, and to spille not oure tyme, be it short be  #
it long at Goddis ordynaunce. 
But summe, that semen wise and holi, seyn thus, if men now      #
weren as holi as 
Jerom was, thei mi+gten translate out of Latyn into English,    #
as he dide out of Ebru and 
out of Greek into Latyn, and ellis thei shulden not translate   #
now, as hem thinkith, for
defaute of holynesse and of kunnyng. Thou+g this replicacioun   #
seme colourable, it hath no 
good ground, neither resoun, neithir charite, for whi this      #
replicacioun is more a+gens seynt 
Jerom, and a+gens the firste lxx. translatouris, and a+gens     #
holi chirche, than a+gens symple 
men, that translaten now into English; for seynt Jerom was not  #
so holi as the apostlis and 
euangelistis, whos bokis he translatide into Latyn, neither he  #
hadde so hi+ge +giftis of the 
Holi Gost as thei hadden; and myche more the lxx.               #
translatouris weren not so holi as 
Moises and the profetis, and speciali Dauith, neither thei      #
hadden so greete +giftis of God, as, 
Moises and the prophetis hadden. Ferthermore holi chirche       #
appreueth, not oneli the trewe
translacioun of meene cristene men, stidefast in cristene       #
feith, but also of open eretikis, that 
diden awei manie mysteries of Jhesu Crist bi gileful            #
translacioun, as Jerom witnessith 
in oo prolog on Job, and in the prolog of Daniel. Myche more    #
late the chirche of 
Engelond appreue the trewe and hool translacioun of symple      #
men, that wolden for no good 
in erthe, bi here witing and power, putte awei the leste        #
truthe, +gea, the leste lettre, either 
title, of holi writ, that berith substaunce, either charge.     #
And dispute thei not of the holynesse 
of men now lyuynge in this deadli lif, for thei kunnen not      #
theron, and it is reseruid 
oneli to Goddis doom. If thei knowen ony notable defaute bi     #
the translatouris, either 
helpis of hem, lete hem blame the defaute bi charite and        #
merci, and lete hem neuere 
dampne a thing that mai be don lefulli be Goddis lawe, as       #
weeryng of a good cloth for a 
tyme, either riding on an hors for greet iourney, whanne thei   #
witen not wherfore it is 
don; for suche thingis moun be don of symple men, with as       #
greet charite and vertu, as 
<P I,59> 
summe, that holden hem greete and wise, kunnen ride in a gilt   #
sadil, either vse cuyssyns 
and beddis and clothis of gold and of silk, with othere         #
vanitees of the world. God graunte
pite, merci, and charite, and loue of comoun profyt, and putte  #
awei such foli domis, that
ben a+gens resoun and charite. +Git worldli clerkis axen        #
gretli what spiryt makith idiotis
hardi to translate now the bible into English, sithen the       #
foure greete doctouris dursten
neuere do this? This replicacioun is so lewid, that it nedith   #
noon answer, no but stillnesse, 
eithir curteys scorn; for these greete doctouris weren noon     #
English men, neither 
thei weren conuersaunt among English men, neithir in caas thei  #
kouden the langage of
English, but thei ceessiden neuere til thei hadden holi writ    #
in here modir tunge, of here
owne puple. For Jerom, that was a Latyn man of birthe,          #
translatide the bible, bothe out
of Ebru and out of Greek, into Latyn, and expounide ful myche   #
therto; and Austyn, and
manie mo Latyns expouniden the bible, for manie partis, in      #
Latyn, to Latyn men, among
whiche thei dwelliden, and Latyn was a comoun langage to here   #
puple aboute Rome, and 
bi+gondis, and on this half, as Englishe is comoun langage to   #
oure puple, and +git this day
the comoun puple in Italie spekith Latyn corrupt, as trewe men  #
seyn, that han ben in 
Italie; and the noumbre of translatouris out of Greek into      #
Latyn passith mannis knowing,
as Austyn witnessith in the ij. book of Cristene Teching, and   #
seith thus, "the translatouris
out of Ebru into Greek moun be noumbrid, but Latyn              #
translatouris, either thei that
translatiden into Latyn, moun not be noumbrid in ony manere."   #
For in the firste tymes
of feith, ech man, as a Greek book came to him, and he semyde   #
to him silf to haue sum
kunnyng of Greek and of Latyn, was hardi to translate; and      #
this thing helpide more than 
lettide vndurstonding, if rederis ben not necligent, forwhi     #
the biholding of manie bokis
hath shewid ofte, eithir declarid, summe derkere sentencis.     #
This seith Austyn there.
Therfore Grosted seith, that it was Goddis wille, that diuerse  #
men translatiden, and that
diuerse translacions be in the chirche, for where oon seide     #
derkli, oon either mo seiden
openli. Lord God! sithen at the bigynnyng of feith so manie     #
man translatiden into Latyn,
and to greet profyt of Latyn men, lat oo symple creature of     #
God translate into English, for
profyt of English men; for if worldli clerkis loken wel here    #
croniclis and bokis, thei shulden
fynde, that Bede translatide the bible, and expounide myche in  #
Saxon, that was  English,
either comoun langage of this lond, in his tyme; and not        #
oneli Bede, but also king
Alured, that foundide Oxenford, translatide in hise laste       #
daies the bigynning of the Sauter
into Saxon, and wolde more, if he hadde lyued lengere. Also     #
Frenshe men, Beemers, and
Britons han the bible, and othere bokis of deuocioun and of     #
exposicioun, translatid in
here modir langage; whi shulden not English men haue the same   #
in here modir langage,
I can not wite, no but for falsnesse and necgligence of         #
clerkis, either for oure puple is not
worthi to haue so greet grace and +gifte of God, in peyne of    #
here olde synnes. God for his 
merci amende these euele causis, and make oure puple to haue,   #
and kunne, and kepe truli
holi writ, to lijf and deth! But in translating of wordis       #
equiuok, that is, that hath
manie significacions vndur oo lettre, mai  li+gtli be pereil,   #
for Austyn seith in the ij. book of
Cristene Teching, that if equiuok wordis be not translatid      #
into the sense, either vndurstonding, 
of the autour, it is errour; as in that place of the Salme,     #
(^the feet of hem ben 
swifte to shede out blood^) , the Greek word is equiuoik to     #
(^sharp^) and (^swift^) , and he that translatide 
(^sharpe feet^) , erride, and a book that hath                  #
(^sharpe feet^) , is fals, and mut be 
amendid; as that sentence (^vnkynde +gonge trees shulen not     #
+geue depe rootis^) , owith to be
thus, (^plauntingis of auoutrie shulen not +geue depe rootis^)  #
 . Austyn seith this there. Therfore 
<P I,60>
a translatour hath greet nede to studie wel the sentence, both  #
bifore and aftir, and
loke that suche equiuok wordis acorde with the sentence, and    #
he hath nede to lyue a
clene lif, and be ful deuout in preiers, and haue not his wit   #
ocupied about worldli thingis,
that the Holi Spiryt, autour of wisdom, and kunnyng, and        #
truthe, dresse him in his werk,
and suffre him not for to erre. Also this word (\ex\)           #
signifieth sumtyme (^of^) , and sumtyme
it signifieth (^bi^) , as Jerom seith; and this word (\enim\)   #
signifieth comynli (^forsothe^) , and, as
Jerom seith, it signifieth (^cause thus, forwhi^) ; and this    #
word (\secundum\) is taken for (^aftir^) ,
as manie men seyn, and comynli, but it signifieth wel (^bi^) ,  #
eithir (^vp^) , thus (^bi +goure word^) ,
either (^vp +goure word.^) Manie such aduerbis, coniuncciouns,  #
and preposiciouns ben set
ofte oon for another, and at fre chois of autouris sumtyme;     #
and now tho shulen be taken
as it acordith best to the sentence. Bi this maner, with good   #
lyuyng and greet trauel,
men moun come to trewe and cleer translating, and trewe         #
vndurstonding of holi writ,
seme it neuere so hard at the bigynnyng. God graunte to us      #
alle grace to kunne wel,
and kepe wel holi writ, and suffre ioiefulli sum peyne for it   #
at the laste! Amen.



<B CMCLOUD>
<Q M3 IR RELT CLOUD>
<N CLOUD>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE CLOUD OF UNKNOWING.
THE CLOUD OF UNKNOWING AND THE BOOK OF
PRIVY COUNSELLING.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 218.
ED. P. HODGSON.
LONDON, 1958 (1944).
PP. 13.8   - 29.6    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 71.11  - 90.10   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 112.22 - 133.7   (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 13>
[}HERE BIGINNE+T +TE FIRST CHAPITRE.}]

   Goostly freende in God, +tou schalt wel vnderstonde +tat I   #
fynde,
in my boistous beholdyng, foure degrees and fourmes of Cristen
mens leuyng; and ben +teese: Comoun, Special, Singuler, and     #
Parfite.
+Tre of +teese mow be bigonnen and eendid in +tis liif; and +te
fer+te may bi grace be bigonnen here, bot it schal euer laste
wi+t-outen eende in +te blis of heuen. And ri+gt as +tou seest  #
how +tei
ben set here in ordre, ilch one after o+ter, first Comoun, +tan
Special, after Syngulere, and last Parfite: ri+gt so me         #
+tinke+t +tat, in
+te same ordre and in +te same cours, oure Lorde ha+t of his    #
grete
mercy clepid +tee and ledde +tee unto him bi +te desire of      #
+tin herte.
   For first +tou wote wel +tat when +tou were leuyng in +te    #
comoun
degree of Cristen mens leuyng in companie of +ti wordely        #
freendes,
it seme+t to me +tat +te euerlasting loue of his Godheed,       #
+torow +te
whiche he mad +tee and wrou+gt +tee when +tou were nou+gt, and  #
si+ten
<P 14>
bou+gt +tee wi+t +te prise of his precious blood when +tou      #
were loste
in Adam, mi+gt not suffre +tee be so fer fro him in forme and   #
degree
of leuyng. And +terfore he kyndelid +ti desire ful graciously,  #
and fastnid
bi it a lyame of longing, and led +tee bi it in-to a more       #
special state
and forme of leuyng, to be a seruaunt of +te special            #
seruauntes of his;
where +tou mi+gtest lerne to liue more specialy and more        #
goostly in
his seruise +tan +tou dedist, or mi+gtest do, in +te comoun     #
degree of
leuyng bifore. And what more? +Git it seme+t +tat he wolde not  #
leue
+tee +tus li+gtly, for loue of his herte, +te whiche he ha+t    #
euermore
had vnto +tee si+t +tou were ou+gtes. Bot what did he? Seest    #
+tou
nou+gt how lystly and how graciously he ha+t pulled +tee to     #
+te +trid
degre and maner of leuing, +te whiche hi+gt Synguleer? In +te   #
whiche
solitari forme and maner of leuyng +tou maist lerne to lift up  #
+te fote
of +ti loue, and step towardes +tat state and degre of leuyng   #
+tat is
parfite, and +te laste state of alle.

[}HERE BIGINNE+T +THE SECOUND CHAPITRE.}]

   Look up now, weike wreche, and see what +tou arte. What arte
+tou, and what hast +tou deserued, +tus to be clepid of oure    #
Lorde?
What weri wrechid herte and sleping in sleu+te is +tat, +te     #
whiche is
not waknid wi+t +te draw+gt of +tis loue and +te voise of +tis  #
cleping?
Bewar now, wreche, in +tis while wi+t +tin enemye; and holde    #
+tee
neuer +te holier ne +te beter for +te wor+tines of +tis         #
cleping and for 
<P 15>
+te singuler fourme of leuyng +tat +tou arte in; bot +te more   #
wrechid
and [{werid{] , bot +gif +tou do +tat in +tee is goodly, bi     #
grace and bi counsel
to lyue after +ti cleping. And in-so-mochel +tou schuldest be   #
more meek
and louyng to +ti goostly spouse, +tat he, +tat is +te          #
Almi+gty God,
Kyng of kynges and Lorde of lordes, wolde meek hym so lowe vnto
+tee, and, amonges alle +te flok of his scheep, so graciously   #
wolde
chese +tee to be one of his speciales, and si+ten set +tee in   #
+te stede
of pasture, where +tou maist be fed wi+t +te swetnes of his     #
loue, in
erles of +tin heritage, +te kingdome of heuen.
   Do on +tan, I preie +tee, fast. Look now forwardes, and lat  #
be
bacwardes. And see what +tee faile+t, and not what +tou haste:  #
for +tat
is +te rediest getyng and keping of meeknes. Alle +ti liif now  #
behoue+t
algates to stonde in desire, +gif +tou schalt profite in degre  #
of perfeccion.
+Tis desire behoue+t algates be wrou+gt in +ti wille, bi +te
honde of Almi+gti God and +ti consent. Bot oo +ting I telle     #
+tee: he
is a gelous louer and suffre+t no felawschip, and him list not  #
worche in
+ti wille bot +gif he be only wi+t +tee bi hym-self. He aske+t  #
none
helpe, bot only +ti-self. He wil +tou do bot loke on hym and    #
late him
alone. And kepe +tou +te windowes and +te dore for flies and    #
enemies
assailyng. And +gif +tou be willy to do +tis, +tee +tar bot     #
meekly put
apon him wi+t preier, and sone wil he help +tee. Put on +tan:   #
lat see
<P 16>
how +tou berest +tee. He is ful redy, and do+t bot abide+t      #
+tee. Bot
what schalt +tou do, and how schalt +tou put?

[}HERE BIGINNE+T +TE +TRID CHAPITRE.}]

   Lift up +tin herte vnto God wi+t a meek steryng of loue; and
mene him-self, and none of his goodes. And +terto loke +tee     #
lo+te to +tenk
on ou+gt bot on hym-self, so +tat nou+gt worche in +ti witte    #
ne in +ti
wille bot only him-self. & do +tat in +tee is to for+gete alle  #
+te
creat[{u{]res +tat euer God maad & +te werkes of hem, so +tat   #
+ti +tou+gt
ne +ti desire be not directe ne streche to any of hem, nei+ter  #
in
general ne in special. Bot lat hem be, and take no kepe to hem.
   +Tis is +te werk of +te soule +tat moste plesi+t God. Alle   #
seintes and
aungelles han ioie of +tis werk, and hasten hem to helpe it in  #
al here
mi+gt. Alle feendes ben wood whan +tou +tus doste, and prouen   #
for to
felle it in alle +tat +tei kun. Alle men leuyng in er+te ben    #
wonderfuli
holpen of +tis werk, +tou wost not how. +Ge, +te soules in      #
purgatori
ben esed of +teire peine by vertewe of +tis werk. +Ti-self      #
arte clensid
and maad vertewos by no werk so mochel. And +git it is +te      #
li+gtest werk
of alle, when a soule is holpen wi+t grace in sensible liste,   #
and sonnest
done. Bot elles it is hard and wonderful to +tee for to do.
   Lette not +terfore, bot trauayle +ter-in tyl +tou fele       #
lyst. For at
+te first tyme when +tou dost it, +tou fyndest bot a derknes,   #
and as
<P 17>
it were a cloude of vnknowyng, +tou wost neuer what, sauyng     #
+tat
+tou felist in +ti wille a nakid entent vnto God. +Tis derknes  #
and +tis
cloude is, how-so-euer +tou dost, bitwix +tee and +ti God, and  #
lette+t +tee
+tat +tou maist not see him cleerly by li+gt of vnderstonding   #
in +ti
reson, ne fele him in swetnes of loue in +tin affeccion. And    #
+terfore
schap +tee to bide in +tis derknes as longe as +tou maist,      #
euermore
criing after him +tat tou louest; for +gif euer schalt +tou     #
fele him
or see him, as it may be here, it behoue+t alweis be in +tis    #
cloude
& in +tis derknes. And +gif +tou wilte besily trauayle as I     #
bid +tee, I
triste in his mercy +tat +tou schalt come +ter-to.

[}HERE BIGINNE+T +TE FEER+TE CHAPITRE.}]

   But for+ti +tat +tou schalt not erre in +tis worching, and   #
wene +tat
it be o+terwise +ten it is, I schal telle +tee a lityl more     #
+ter-of, as me
+tinke+t.
   +Tis werk aske+t no longe tyme er it be ones treulich done,  #
as
sum men wenen; for it is +te schortest werke of alle +tat man   #
may
ymagyn. It is nei+ter lenger no schorter +ten is an athomus;    #
+te
whiche athomus, by +te diffinicion of trewe philisophres in +te
sciens of astronomye, is +te leest partie of tyme. And it is    #
so litil
+tat, for +te littilnes of it, it is undepartable and           #
nei+ghonde incomprehensible.
+Tis is +tat tyme of +te whiche it is wretyn: Alle
<P 18>
tyme +tat is +gouen to +tee, it schal be askid of +tee how      #
+tou haste
dispendid it. And skilful +ting it is +tat +tou +geue acompte   #
of it; for
it is nei+ter lenger ne schorter, bot euen acording to one only
steryng +tat is wi+t-inne +te principal worching mi+gt of +ti   #
soule, +te
whiche is +ti wille. For euen so many willinges or desiringes   #
- and
no mo ne no fewer - may be and aren in one oure in +ti wille,   #
as aren
athomus in one oure. And +gif +tou were reformid bi grace to    #
+te first
state of mans soule, as it was bifore sinne, +tan +tou          #
schuldest
euer-more, bi help of +tat grace, be lorde of +tat stering or   #
of +too
sterynges; so +tat none +gede forby, bot alle +tei schulde      #
streche
in-to +te souerein desirable and into +te hei+gest wilnable     #
+ting, +te
whiche is God. 
   For he is euen mete to oure soule by mesuring of his         #
Godheed;
and oure soule euen mete unto him bi wor+tines of oure          #
creacion to his
ymage and to his licnes. And he by him-self wi+t-outen moo,     #
and none
bot he, is sufficient at +te fulle, and mochel more, to         #
fulfille +te wille
and +te desire of oure soule. And oure soule, bi vertewe of     #
+tis reformyng
grace, is mad sufficient at +te fulle to comprehende al him by  #
loue,
+te whiche is incomprehensible to alle create knowable mi+gt,   #
as is
aungel and mans soule. (I mene by +teire knowyng and not by     #
+teire
louyng, and +terfore I clepe hem in +tis caas knowable          #
mi+gtes).
   Bot si+t alle resonable creatures, aungel and man, ha+t in   #
hem, ilchone
<P 19>
by hem-self, o principal worching mi+gt, +te whiche is clepid
a knowable mi+gt, and a-no+ter principal worching mi+gt, +te    #
whiche
is clepid a louyng mi+gt: of +te whiche two mi+gtes, to +te     #
first,
+te whiche is a knowyng mi+gt, God, +tat is +te maker of hem,   #
is
euermore incomprehensible; and to +te secound, +te whiche is    #
+te
louyng my+gt, in ilch one diuersly he is al comprehensible at   #
+te fulle,
insomochel +tat o louyng soule only in it-self, by vertewe of   #
loue,
schuld comprehende in it hym +tat is sufficient at +te fulle -  #
and
mochel more, wi+t-oute comparison - to fille alle +te soules    #
and
aungelles +tat euer may be. And +tis is +te eendles merueilous  #
miracle
of loue, +te whiche schal neuer take eende; for euer schal he   #
do it,
and neuer schal he seese for to do it. See, who bi grace see    #
may, for
+te felyng of +tis is eendles blisse; and +te contrary is       #
eendles pyne.
   And +terfore who-so were refourmyd by grace +tus to continow
in keping of +te sterynges of +te wille, schuld neuer be in     #
+tis liif -   
as he may not be wi+t-outen +tees sterynges in kynde -          #
wi+t-outen
som taast of +te eendles swetnes; and in +te blisse of heuen    #
with-outen
+te fulle food. And +terfore haue no wonder +tof I stere +tee   #
to
+tis werk. For +tis is +te werk, as +tou schalt here after, in  #
+te whiche
man schuld haue contynowed +gif he neuer had synned, and to +te
whiche worching man was maad, and alle +ting for man, to help   #
him
and for+ter him +terto, and by +te whiche a man schal be        #
reparailed
<P 20>
a+gein. And for +te defaylyng in +tis worching a man falle+t    #
depper &
depper in synne, and fer+ter & fer+ter fro God. And by kepyng   #
and
contynowel worching in +tis werk only, wi+t-outen mo, a man
euer-more rise+t hier and hier fro synne, and nerer and nerer   #
vnto God.
   And +terfore take good keep into tyme, how +tat +tou         #
dispendist it.
For no+ting is more precious +tan tyme. In oo litel tyme, as    #
litel
as it is, may heuen be wonne and lost. A token it is +tat time  #
is
precious: for God, +tat is +geuer of tyme, +geue+t neuer two    #
tymes
to-geder, bot ich one after o+ter. And +tis he do+t for he wil  #
not reuerse
+te ordre or +te ordinel cours in +te cause of his creacion.    #
For tyme
is maad for man, and not man for tyme. And +terfore God, +tat   #
is +te
rewler of kynde, wil not in +te +geuyng of tyme go before +te   #
steryng
of kynde in a mans soule; +te whiche is euen acordyng to o tyme
only. So +tat man schal haue none excusacion a+gens God in +te
dome and at +te +geuyng of acompte of dispendyng of tyme,       #
seiing:
'+Tou +geuest two tymes at ones, and I haue bot o steryng at    #
ones.'
   Bot soroufuly +tou seist now: 'How schal I do? and si+t      #
+tis is so+t
+tat +tou seist, how schal I +geue acompte of iche [{tyme{]     #
diuersly;
I +tat in-to +tis day, now of foure and twenty +gere age,       #
neuer toke
hede of tyme? +Gif I wolde now amende it, +tou wost wel, bi     #
verrey 
<P 21>
reson of +ti wordes wretyn before, it may not be after +te      #
cours of
kynde ne of comoun grace, +tat I schuld mowe kepe or elles make
asee+t to any mo tymes +tan to +too +tat ben for to come. +Ge,  #
and
more-ouer wel I wote, bi verrey proef, +tat of +too +tat ben    #
to come
I schal on no wise, for habundaunce of freelte & slownes of     #
sperite,
mowe kepe one of an hondred; so +tat I am verrely conclude in
+teese resons. Help me now, for +te loue of Ihesu!'
   Ri+gt wel hast +tou seide 'for +te loue of Ihesu'. For in    #
+te loue of
Ihesu +tere schal be +tin help. Loue is soche a mi+gt +tat it   #
maki+t
alle +ting comoun. Loue +terfore Ihesu, and alle +ting +tat he  #
ha+t it is
+tin. He by his Godheed is maker and +geuer of tyme. He bi his
Manheed is +te verrey keper of tyme. And he, bi his Godheed &   #
his
Manheed to-geders, is +te trewist domesman and +te asker of     #
acompte
of dispending of tyme. Knyt +tee +terfore bi him by loue and    #
by beleue;
and +tan by vertewe of +tat knot +tou schalt be comoun parcener
wi+t him and wi+t alle +tat by loue so ben knittyd vnto him;    #
+tat is
to sey, wi+t oure Lady Seinte Mary, +tat ful was of alle grace  #
in
kepyng of tyme, wi+t alle +te aungelles of heuen +tat neuer     #
may lese
tyme, and with alle +te seintes in heuen and in er+te, +tat by  #
+te grace of
Ihesu kepen tyme ful iustly in vertewe of loue.
   Loo! here li+t counforte; construe +tou cleerly and pike     #
+tee sum
profite. Bot of oo +ting I warne amonges alle o+ter: I cannot
see who may trewliche chalenge comunite +tus wi+t Ihesu and     #
his iust
<P 22>
Moder, his hi+ge aungelles and also wi+t his seyntes, bot +gif  #
it be soche
one +tat do+t +tat in hym is, wi+t helping of grace, in kepyng  #
of
tyme; so +tat he be seen to be a profiter on his partye, so     #
litil as is,
vnto +te comunite, as ich one of hem do+t on his.
   And +terfore take kepe to +tis werk and to +te merueylous    #
maner of it
wi+t-inne in +ti soule. For +gif it be trewlich conceyued, it   #
is bot a
sodeyn steryng, and as it were vnauisid, speedly springing      #
unto God
as sparcle fro +te cole. And it is merueylous to noumbre +te    #
sterynges
+tat may be in one oure wrou+gt in a soule +tat is disposid to  #
+tis
werk. And +git, in o steryng of alle +teese, he may haue        #
sodenly and
parfitely for+geten alle create +ting. Bot fast after iche      #
steryng,
for corupcion of +te flesche, it falle+t doune a+gein to som    #
+tou+gt or to
some done or vndone dede. Bot what +ter-of? For fast after, it
rise+t a+gen as sodenly as it did bifore.
   And here mowe men schortly conceyue +te maner of +tis        #
worching,
and cleerly knowe +tat it is fer fro any fantasie, or any fals  #
ymaginacion, 
or queynte opinion; +te whiche ben brou+gt in, not by soche
a deuoute and a meek blynde stering of loue, bot by a proude,
coryous and an ymaginatiif witte. Soche a proude, corious witte
behoue+t algates be born doun and stifly troden doun vnder      #
fote,
+gif +tis werke schal trewly be conceyuid in purete of spirite.
   For who-so heri+t +tis werke ou+ter be red or spoken, and    #
wene+t +tat
it may or schuld be comen to by trauayle in +teire wittes (and  #
+terfore
+tei sitte and sechin in +teire wittes how +tat it may be, and  #
in +tis
<P 23>
coriouste +tei trauayle +teire ymaginacion parauenture a+gens   #
cours
of kynde, and +tei feyne a maner of worching, +te whiche is     #
nei+ter
bodily ne goostly): trewly +tis man, what-so-euer he be, is     #
perilously
disseyuid; in-so-mochel +tat, bot +gif God of his grete goodnes
schewe his mercyful myracle and make hym sone to leue werk and
meek hym to counsel of prouid worchers, he schal falle ou+ter   #
into
frenesies, or elles into o+ter grete mischeues of goostly       #
sinnes and
deuels disseites; +torow +te whiche he may li+gtly be lorne,    #
bo+te liif
and soule, wi+t-outen any eende. And +terfore for Goddes loue   #
beware
in +tis werk, and trauayle not in +ti wittes ne in +tin         #
ymaginacion on
no wise. For I telle +tee trewly, it may not be comen to by
trauaile in +teim; and +terfore leue +teim & worche not wi+t    #
+teim.
   And wene not, for I clepe it a derknes or a cloude, +tat it  #
be any
cloude congelid of +te humours +tat fleen in +te ayre, ne +git  #
any
derknes soche as is in +tin house on ni+gtes, when +ti candel   #
is oute.
For soche a derkens and soche a cloude maist +tou ymagin wi+t
coriouste of witte, for to bere before +tin i+gen in +te        #
li+gtest day of
somer; and also a+genswarde in +te derkist ni+gt of wynter      #
+tou mayst
ymagin a clere schinyng li+gt. Lat be soche falsheed; I mene    #
not
+tus. For when I sey derknes, I mene a lackyng of knowyng; as
alle +tat +ting +tat +tou knowest not, or elles +tat +tou hast  #
for+getyn,
it is derk to +tee, for +tou seest it not wi+t +ti goostly      #
i+ge. And for +tis
skile it is not clepid a cloude of +te eire, bot a cloude of    #
vnknowyng,
+tat is bitwix +tee and +ti God.

<P 24>
[}HERE BIGINNE+T +TE FIF+TE CHAPITRE.}]

   And +gif euer +tou schalt come to +tis cloude and wone and   #
worche +ter-in
as I bid +tee, +tee byhoue+t, as +tis cloude of vnknowyng is    #
abouen
+tee, bitwix +tee and +ti God, ri+gt so put a cloude of         #
for+getyng bine+t
+tee, bitwix +tee and alle +te cretures +tat euer ben maad.     #
+Tee +tinke+t,
parauenture, +tat +tou arte ful fer fro God, for+ti +tat +tis   #
cloude of
vnknowing is bitwix +tee and +ti God; bot sekirly, and it be    #
wel
conseyued, +tou arte wel fer+ter fro hym when +tou hast no      #
cloude
of for+getyng bitwix +tee and alle +te creatures +tat euer ben  #
maad.
As ofte as I sey 'alle +te creatures +tat euer ben maad', as    #
ofte I
mene, not only +te self creatures, bot also alle +te werkes     #
and +te
condicions of +te same creatures. I oute-take not o creature,
whe+ter +tei ben bodily creatures or goostly, ne +git any       #
condicion
or werk of any creature, whe+ter +tei be good or iuel; bot      #
schortly
to sey, alle schuld be hid vnder +te cloude of for+getyng in    #
+tis caas.
   For +tof al it be ful profitable sumtyme to +tink of         #
certeyne condicions
and dedes of sum certein special creatures, neuer+teles +git
in +tis werke it profite+t lityl or nou+gt. For why mynde or    #
+tinkyng
of any creature +tat euer God maad, or of any of +teire dedes   #
ou+ter,
it is a maner of goostly li+gt; for +te i+ge of +ti soule is    #
openid on it &
euen ficchid +ter-apon, as +te i+ge of a schoter is apon +te    #
prik +tat
he schote+t to. And o +ting I telle +tee, +tat alle +ting +tat  #
+tou +tinkest
<P 25>
apon it is abouen +tee for +te tyme, and bitwix +tee and +ti    #
God. And
in so mochel +tou arte +te fer+ter fro God, +tat ou+gt is in    #
+ti mynde
bot only God.
   +Ge, and +gif it be cortesye and semely to sey, in +tis      #
werk it profite+t
litil or nou+gt to +tink of +te kyndenes or +te wor+tines of    #
God, ne
on oure Lady, ne on +te seintes or aungelles in heuen, ne +git  #
on +te
ioies in heuen: +tat is to say, wi+t a special beholding to     #
hem, as
+tou woldest bi +tat beholding fede and encrees +ti purpos. I   #
trowe
+tat on no wise it schuld be so in +tis caas and in +tis werk.  #
For
+tof al it be good to +tink [{a{]pon +te kindenes of God, and   #
to loue
hym & preise him for hem: +git it is fer betyr to +tink apon    #
+te nakid
beyng of him, and to loue him and preise him for him-self.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE SIX+TE CHAPITRE.}]

   But now +tou askest me and seiest: 'How schal I +tink on     #
him-self,
& what is hee?' And to +tis I cannot answere +tee bot +tus: 'I  #
wote
neuer.'
   For +tou hast brou+gt me wi+t +ti question into +tat same    #
derknes,
and into +tat same cloude of unknowyng +tat I wolde +tou were
in +ti-self. For of alle o+ter creatures and +teire werkes -    #
+ge, and of
+te werkes of God self - may a man +torou grace haue fulheed of
<P 26>
knowing, and wel to kon +tinke on hem; bot of God him-self can
no man +tinke. And +terfore I wole leue al +tat +ting +tat I    #
can
+tink, and chese to my loue +tat +ting +tat I can-not +tink.    #
For whi he
may wel be loued, bot not +tou+gt. By loue may he be getyn and
holden; bot bi +tou+gt nei+ter. And +terfore, +tof al it be     #
good sumtyme
to +tink of +te kyndnes & +te wor+tines of God in special,      #
and +tof al
it be a li+gt and a party of comtemplacion: neuer+teles in      #
+tis werk it
schal be casten down and keuerid wi+t a cloude of for+getyng.   #
And +tou
schalt step abouen it stalwor+tly, bot listely, wi+t a deuoute  #
and a
plesing stering of loue, and fonde for to peerse +tat derknes   #
abouen
+tee. And smyte apon +tat +ticke cloude of vnknowyng wi+t a     #
scharp
darte of longing loue, and go not +tens for +ting +tat          #
befalle+t.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE SEUEN+T CHAPITRE.}]

   And +gif any +tou+gt rise and wil prees algates abouen       #
+tee, bitwix +tee
and +tat derknes, and asche +tee seiing: 'What sekist +tou,     #
and what
woldest +tou haue?' sey +tou +tat it is God +tat +tou woldest   #
haue.
'Him I coueite, him I seche, and no+gt bot him.' and +gif he    #
ascke +tee
what is +tat God, sey +tou +tat it is God +tat maad +tee and    #
bou+gt +tee,
and +tat graciously ha+t clepid +tee to his loue. And in him    #
sei +tou
kanst no skile. And +terfore sey: 'Go +tou down a+gein.' And    #
treed him
<P 27>
fast doun wi+t a steryng of loue +tof he seme to +tee ri+gt     #
holy,
and seme to +tee as he wolde help +tee to seke hym.
   For parauenture he wil bryng to +ti minde diuerse ful        #
feire &
wonderful pointes of his kyndnes, and sey +tat he is ful swete  #
and ful
louyng, ful gracious and ful mercyful. And +gif +tou wilt here  #
him, he
coueite+t no beter; for at +te last he wil +tus jangle euer     #
more and
more til he bring +tee lower to +te mynde of his Passion. And   #
+tere wol
he lat +te see +te wonderful kyndnes of God; and if +tou here   #
him, he
kepe+t no beter. For sone after he wil lat +tee see +tin olde   #
wrechid
leuing; and parauenture, in seing and +tinkyng +ter-of, he wil  #
bryng to
+ti mynde som place +tat +tou hast wonid in before +tis tyme.   #
So
+tat at +te last, we euer wite +tou, +tou schalt be scaterid    #
+tou wost
neuer where. +Te cause of +tis scateryng is +tat +tou herddist  #
him first
wilfuly, answeredist him, resceiuedist him and letest him       #
allone.
   And +git, neuer+teles, +te +ting +tat he seide was bo+te     #
good and holy; +ge,
and so holy, +tat what man or womman +tat weni+t to come to     #
contemplacion
wi+t-outyn many soche swete meditacions of +teire
owne wrechidnes, +te Passion, +te kyndenes and +te grete        #
goodnes and
+te wor+tines of God comyng before, sekirly he schal erre and   #
faile
of his purpos. And +git, neuer+teles, it behoue+t a man or a    #
womman,
+tat ha+t longe tyme ben usid in +teese meditacions, algates    #
leue
hem, & put hem and holde hem fer doun vnder +te cloude of       #
for+getyng, 
<P 28>
+gif euer schal he peerse +te cloude of vnknowyng bitwix
him and his God.
   +Terfore, what tyme +tat +tou purposest +tee to +tis werk,   #
and felest
bi grace +tat +tou arte clepid of God, lift +tan up +tin herte  #
vnto
God wi+t a meek steryng of loue. And mene God +tat maad +tee,   #
and
bou+gt +tee, and +tat graciousli ha+t clepid +tee to +tis       #
werk: and resseiue
none o+ter +tou+gt of God. And +git not alle +teese, bot +tee   #
list; for it
suffise+t inou+g a naked entent directe vnto God, wi+t-outen    #
any
o+ter cause +ten him-self.
   And +gif +tee list haue +tis entent lappid and foulden in o  #
worde, for
+tou schuldest haue betir holde +ter-apon, take +tee bot a      #
litil worde
of o silable; for so it is betir +ten of two, for euer +te      #
schorter it is,
+te betir it acorde+t wi+t +te werk of +te spirite. And soche   #
a worde is
+tis worde GOD or +tis worde LOUE. Cheese +tee whe+ter +tou     #
wilt, or
ano+ter as +te list: whiche +tat +tee like+t best of o          #
silable. And fasten
+tis worde to +tin herte, so +tat it neuer go +tens for +ting   #
+tat bifalle+t.
   +Tis worde schal be +ti scheeld and +ti spere, whe+ter +tou  #
ridest on
pees or on werre. Wi+t +tis worde +tou schalt bete on +tis      #
cloude and
+tis derknes abouen +tee. Wi+t +tis worde +tou schalt smite     #
doun al
maner +tou+gt vnder +te cloude of for+geting; inso-mochel +tat  #
+gif
any +tou+gt prees apon +tee to aske +tee what +tou woldest      #
haue,
<P 29>
answere him wi+t no mo wordes bot wi+t +tis o worde. And +gif   #
he
profre +tee of his grete clergie to expoune +tee +tat worde     #
and to telle
+tee +te condicions of +tat worde, sey him +tat +tou wilt haue  #
it al
hole, and not broken ne vndon. And +gif +tow wilt holde +tee    #
fast on +tis
purpos, sekir be +tou he wil no while abide. And whi? For +tou  #
wilt
not late him fede him on soche swete meditacions touchid        #
before. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 71>
[}HERE BYGINNI+T +TE FIUE AND +TRITTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Neuer+teles menes +ter ben in +te whiche a contemplatiif     #
prentys
schuld be ocupyed, +te whiche ben +teese; Lesson, Meditacion,
and Oryson. Or elles to +tin vnderstondyng +tei mowe be clepid:
Redyng, +Tinkyng and Preiing. Of +teese +tre +tou schalt fynde
wretyn in ano+ter book of ano+ter mans werk moche betyr +ten I
can telle +tee; and +terfore it nede+t not here to telle +tee   #
of +te qualitees
of hem. Bot +tis may I telle +tee: +teese +tre ben so couplid   #
to-gedir,
+tat vnto hem +tat ben biginners & profiters - bot not to hem   #
+tat
be parfite, +ge, as it may be here - +tinkyng may not goodly be
getyn wi+t-outyn reding or heryng comyng before. Alle is one in
maner, redyng and heryng; clerkes redyn on bookes, and lewid    #
men
redyn on clerkes, whan +tei here hem preche +te worde of God.   #
Ne
<P 72>
preier may not goodly be getyn in bigynners & profiters         #
wi+toutyn
+tinkyng comyng bifore. See by +te preof in +tis same
cours.
   Goddes worde, ou+ter wretyn or spokyn, is licnid to a        #
mirour.
Goostly, +te i+ge of +ti soule is +ti reson; +ti concience is   #
+ti visage
goostly. And ri+gt as +tou seest +tat +gif a foule spot be in   #
+ti bodily
visage, +te i+ge of +te same visage may not see +tat spotte,    #
ne wite
wher it is, wi+t-outyn a myrour or a teching of ano+ter +tan    #
it-self:
ri+gt so it is goostly. Wit-outen redyng or heryng of Godes     #
worde,
it is inpossible to mans vnderstondyng +tat a soule +tat is     #
bleendid
in custom of synne schuld see +te foule spot in his concyence.
   And so folowyng, whan a man see+t in a bodily or goostly     #
myrour,
or wote by o+ter mens techyng, wher-aneintes +te foule spot is  #
on
his visage, ou+ter bodily or goostly: +tan at erst, and none    #
er, he
renni+t to +te welle to wasche hym. +Gif +tis spot be any       #
specyal
synne, +tan is +tis welle Holy Chirche, and +tis water          #
confession, with
+te circumstaunces. +Gif it be bot a blynde rote and a steryng  #
of
synne, +tan is +tis welle mercyful God, and +tis water preyer,  #
wi+t +te
circumstaunces.
   And +tus maist +tou se +tat no +tinkyng may goodly be getyn  #
in
byginners and profiters wi+t-outyn redyng or heryng comyng      #
before,
ne preyng wi+t-outen +tinkyng.

[}HERE BYGYNNI+T +TE SIX AND +TRITTY CHAPITRE.}]

   But it is not so wi+t hem +tat contynuely worchen in +te     #
werk of
<P 73>
+tis book. For +teire meditacions ben as +tei were sodein       #
conceites
and blynde felynges of +teire owne wrechidnes, or of +te        #
goodnes of
God, wi+t-outyn any menes of redyng or heryng comyng before,
and wi+t-outyn any specyal beholdyng of any +ting vnder God.    #
+Tees
sodeyn conseytes & +tees blynde felynges ben sonner lernyd of
God +ten of man.
   I maad no force, +tof +tou haddest now-on-dayes none o+ter
meditacions of +tin owne wrechidnes, ne of +te goodnes of God   #
- I
mene +gif +tou fele +tee +tus steryd by grace and by counseyl   #
- bot
soche as +tou mayst haue in +tis worde SYNNE and in +tis worde  #
GOD, or
in soche o+ter, whiche as +te list; not brekyng ne expounyng    #
+tees
wordes with coryouste of witte, in beholdyng after +te          #
qualitees
of +tees wordes, as +tou woldest by +tat beholdyng encrees +ti 
deuocion. I trowe it schuld neuer be so in +tis caas and in     #
+tis werk.
Bot holde hem alle hole +teese wordes; and mene synne a lump,   #
+tou
wost neuer what, none o+ter +ting bot +ti-self. Me +tink +tat   #
in +tis
blynde beholdyng of synne, +tus conielyd in a lumpe (none o+ter
+ting +tan +ti-self) it schuld be no nede to bynde a woder      #
+ting
+ten +tou schuldest be +tis tyme. And +git, parauenture, who-so
lokid apon +tee schuld +tink +tee ful sobirly disposid in       #
body, with-outyn
any chaunging of contenaunce; bot sittyng, or going, or
liggyng, or lenyng, or stondyng, or knelyng, whe+ter +tou were  #
in a
ful sad restfulnes. 

[}HERE BIGINNY+T +TE SEUEN AND +TRITTY CHAPITRE.}]

   And ri+gt as +te meditacions of hem +tat contynouely         #
worchen in
+tis grace & in +tis werk risen sodenly wi+t-outyn any          #
menes, ri+gt
<P 74>
so don +teire preiers. I mene of +teire specyal preiers, not    #
of +too
preiers +tat ben ordeynid of Holy Chirche. For +tei +tat ben    #
trewe
worchers in +tis werk, +tei worschip no preier so moche; and    #
+terfore
+tei do hem in +te fourme and in +te statute +tat +tei ben      #
ordeynd of
holy faders before us. Bot +teire specyal preiers risen         #
euermore
sodenly vnto God, wi+t-outyn any meenes or any premeditacion in
special comyng before, or going +ter-wi+t.
   And +gif +tei ben in wordes, as +tei ben bot seldom, +tan    #
ben +tei bot
in ful fewe wordes; +ge, and in euer +te fewer +te betir. +Ge,  #
and +gif it be
bot a lityl worde of o silable, me +tink it betir +ten of to,   #
and more
acordyng to +te werk of +te spiryte; si+ten it so is +tat a     #
goostly
worcher in +tis werk schulde euermore be in +te hi+gest and +te
souereynest pointe of +te sp[{i{]rit. +Tat +tis be so+t, se by  #
ensaumple
in +te cours of kynde. A man or a womman, affraied wi+t any
sodeyn chaunce of fiir, or of mans dee+t, or what elles +tat    #
it be,
sodenly in +te hei+gt of his speryt he is dreuyn upon hast &    #
upon
nede for to crie or for to prey after help. +Ge, how? Sekirly   #
not in
many woordes, ne +git in o woorde of two silabes. And whi is    #
+tat?
For hym +tinke+t to longe tariing, for to declare +te nede and  #
+te werk
of his spirit. And +terfore he bresti+t up hidously wi+t a      #
grete spirit,
& crye+t bot a litil worde of o silable, as is +tis worde       #
FIIR or +tis
worde OUTE.
   And ri+gt as +tis lityl worde FIIR steri+t ra+ter and        #
peerse+t more hastely
+te eren of +te herers, so do+t a lityl worde of o sylable,     #
whan it is 
<P 75>
not only spoken or +tou+gt, bot priuely ment in +te depnes of   #
spirit,
+te whiche is +te hei+gt (for in goostlynes alle is one,        #
hei+gt and depnes,
leng+te and brede). And ra+ter it peersi+t +te eres of          #
Almy+gty God +tan
do+t any longe sauter vnmyndfuly mumlyd in +te tee+t. And       #
herfore
it is wretyn +tat schort preier peersi+t heuen.

[}HERE BIGINNY+T +TE EI+GT AND +TRITTY CHAPITRE.}]

   And whi peersi+t it heuen, +tis lityl schort preier of o     #
litil silable?
Sikirly for it is preyed wi+t a fulle spirite, in +te hei+gt    #
and in +te
depnes, in +te leng+te & in +te breed of his spirit +tat        #
preie+t it. In
+te hei+gt it is, for it is wi+t al +te my+gt of +te spirit.    #
In +te depnes it
is, for in +tis lityl silable ben contyned alle +te wittis of   #
+te spirit. In
+te leng+te it is, for mi+gt it euer fele as it feli+t, euer    #
wolde it crie
as it crie+t. In +te brede it is, for it wilni+t +te same to    #
alle o+ter +tat
it wilni+t to it-self. In +tis tyme it is +tat a soule ha+t     #
comprehendid,
after +te lesson of Seynte Poule, wi+t alle seyntes - not       #
fully, bot in
maner and in partye, as it is acordyng vnto +tis werk - whiche  #
is
+te leng+te and +te breed, +te hei+gt and +te depnes of         #
Euerlastyng & Allouely,
Almi+gty & Alle-witty God. +Te euerlastyngnes of God is his
leng+te; his loue is his breed; his mi+gt is his hei+gt; and    #
his wisdam
is his depnes. No wonder +tof a soule, +tat is +tus ni+g        #
confourmyd bi
grace to +te ymage & +te licnes of God, his maker, be sone      #
herde of
God. +Ge, +tof it be a ful synful soule - +te whiche is to God  #
as it
were an enmye - and it mi+gt +torow grace com to for to crye    #
soche
<P 76>
a lityl silable in +te hei+gt & +te depnes, +te leng+te and     #
+te breed of
his spirit, +git he scholde for +te hidous noise of +tis crye   #
be alweis
herde and holpen of God.
   Se by ensaumple. He +tat is +ti deedly enmye, and +tou here  #
him
so afraied +tat he crye in +te hei+gt of his spirit +tis lityl  #
worde FIIR, or
+tis worde OUTE: +git, wi+t-outyn any beholdyng to hym for he   #
is +tin
enmye, bot for pure pite in +tin herte stirid and reisid wi+t   #
+te doelfulnes
of +tis crie, +tou risist up - +ge! +tof it be aboute           #
midwintirs
ni+gt - & helpist hym to slecke his fiir, or for to stylle hym  #
and rest
hym in hys disese. A, Lorde! si+ten a man may be maad so        #
mercyful
in grace, to haue so moche mercy & so moche pite of his enmye,
not a+genstonding his enmite, what pite and what mercy schal    #
God
haue +tan of a goostly crye in soule, maad & wrou+gt in +te     #
hei+gt and
+te depnes, +te leng+te and +te breed of his spirit, +te        #
whiche ha+t al by
kynde, +tat man ha+t by grace, and moche more? Sekirly          #
wi+t-outyn
comparison moche more mercy wil he haue; si+ten so is +tat +tat
+ting +tat is so had by kynde is nerer to iche a +ting +ten     #
+tat +te
whiche is had by grace.

[}HERE BIGYNNY+T +TE NINE AND +TRITTY CHAPITRE.}]

   And +terfore it is to preie in +te hei+gt and +te depnes,    #
+te leng+te & +te
brede of oure spirit. And +tat not in many wordes, bot in a     #
lityl
worde of o silable.
   And what schal +tis worde be? Sekyrlyche soche a worde as is
best acordyng vnto +te propirte of preier. And what worde is    #
+tat?
<P 77>
Lat us first see what preier is propirly in it-self, and        #
+ter-after we
mowe cleerlier knowe what worde wil best acorde to +te propirte
of preier.
   Preyer in it-self propirly is not elles bot a deuoute entent
directe vnto God, for getyng of goodes & remowyng of yuelles.
   And +tan, si+ten it so is +tat alle yuelles ben              #
comprehendid in synne,
ou+ter by cause or by beyng, lat us +terfore, whan we wyl       #
ententifly
preie for remowyng of yuelles, ou+ter sey or +tink or mene      #
nou+gt
elles, ne no mo wordes, bot +tis lityl worde SYNNE. And +gif    #
we wil
ententifly preie for getyng of goodes, lat us crie, ou+ter      #
wi+t worde
or wi+t +tou+gt or wi+t desire, nou+gt elles, ne no mo wordes,  #
bot +tis
worde GOD. For whi in God ben alle goodes, bo+te by cause and   #
by
beyng.
   Haue no merueile whi I sette +tees wordes forby alle o+ter.  #
For
and I cou+te any schorter wordes, so fully comprehendyng in hem
alle goodes & alle yuelles, as +tees two wordes don, or +gif I  #
had be
lernyd of God to take any o+ter wordes ou+ter, I wolde +tan     #
haue
taken hem and lefte +tees; and so I rede +tat +tou do. Stody    #
+tou not
for no wordes, for so schuldest +tou neuer come to +ti purpos   #
ne
to +tis werk, for it is neuer getyn by stody, bot al only by    #
grace.
and +terfore take +tou none o+ter wordes to preie in - al-+tof  #
I sette
+tees here - bot soche as +tou arte sterid of God for to take.  #
Neuer+teles,
+gif God stire +tee to take +tees, I rede not +tat +tou leue    #
hem -  
I mene +gif +tou schalt preie in wordes, and elles not; for     #
whi +tei ben
ful schorte wordes.
<P 78>
   Bot al-+tof +te schortnes of preier be greetly comendid      #
here,
neuer+teles +te oftnes of preier is neuer +te ra+ter            #
refreynid. For as
it is seide before, it is preied in +te leng+te of +te          #
spirite; so +tat it
schuld neuer sees tyl +te tyme were +tat it had fully getyn     #
+tat +tat it
longid after. Ensaumple of +tis haue we in a man or a womman
affraied in +te maner before-seide. For we see wel +tat +tei    #
seese
neuer criing on +tis litil worde OUTE, or +tis lityl worde      #
FIIR, er +te
tyme be +tat +tei haue in greet party getyn help of +teire      #
angre.

[}HERE BIGYNNI+T +TE FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Do +tou, on +te same maner, fille +ti spirit wi+t +te        #
goostly bemenyng
of +tis worde SYNNE, and wi+t-outyn any specyal beholdyng vnto
any kynde of synne, whe+ter it be venial or deedly: pryde,      #
wra+t+te
or enuye, couetyse, slew+t, glotenie or lecherye. What +tar     #
reche
in contemplatiues what synne +tat it be, or how mochel a synne  #
+tat
it be? For alle synne hem +tinky+t - I mene for +te tyme of     #
+tis werk
- iliche greet in hem-self, when +te leest synne departe+t hem  #
fro
God, and lette+t hem of here goostly pees.
   And fele synne a lumpe, +tou wost neuer what, bot none       #
o+ter +ting
+tan +ti-self. And crye +tan goostly euer upon one: 'Synne,     #
synne,
synne; oute, oute, oute!' +Tis goostly crie is betyr lernid of  #
God
by +te proef +ten of any man by worde. For it is best whan it   #
is
in pure spirit, wi+t-outyn specyal +tou+gt or any pronounsyng   #
of
worde; bot +gif it be any seeldom tyme, when for habundaunce of
spiryt it bresti+t up into worde, so +tat +te body and +te      #
soule ben bo+te
fillid wi+t sorow and kumbryng of synne.
   On +te same maner schalt +tou do wi+t +tis lityl worde GOD.  #
Fille
<P 79>
+ti spirit wi+t +te goostly bemenyng of it wi+t-outyn any       #
specyal
beholdyng to any of his werkes - whe+ter +tei be good, betir,   #
or
al+ter best, bodily or goostly - or to any vertewe +tat may be
wrou+gt in mans soule by any grace, not lokyng after whe+ter    #
it be
meeknes or charite, pacyence or abstynence, hope, fei+t, or     #
sobirnes,
chastite or wilful pouerte. What +tar reche in contemplatyues?
For alle vertewes +tei fynden and felyn in God; for in hym is   #
alle
+ting, bo+te by cause and by beyng. For hem +tink, & +tei had   #
God,
+tei had alle good; and +terfore +tei coueyte no+ting wi+t      #
specyal beholdyng,
bot only good God. Do +tou on +te same maner, as for+t
as +tou maist by grace; and mene God al, and al God, so +tat    #
nou+gt
worche in +ti witte & in +ti wile, bot only God.
   And for+ti +tat euer +te whiles +tou leuyst in +tis wrechid  #
liif, +tee
behoue+t alweys fele in som partye +tis foule stynkyng lump of
synne, as it were onyd & congelid with +te substaunce of +ti    #
beyng,
+terfore schalt +tou chaungabely mene +tees two wordes - SYNNE  #
and
GOD; wi+t +tis general knowyng: +tat and +tou haddest God, +ten
schuldest +tou lacke synne, and mi+gtest +tou lacke synne, +ten
schuldest +tou haue God.

[}HERE BIGYNNY+T ON AND FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]

   And for+termore, +gif +tou aske me what discrecion +tou      #
schalt haue
in +tis werk, +tan I answere +tee and sey: 'Ry+gt none!' For in #
alle
+tin o+ter doynges +tou schalt haue discrecion, as in etyng &   #
in
drynkyng, & in slepyng, & in kepyng of +ti body fro outrageous
<P 80>
colde or hete, & in longe preiing or redyng, or in comounyng in
speche wi+t +tin euen Crysten. In alle +tees schalt +tou kepe   #
discrecion,
+tat +tei be nou+ter to mochel ne to lityl. Bot in +tis werk
schalt +tou holde no mesure; for I wolde +tat +tou schuldest    #
neuer
seese of +tis werk +te whiles +tou leuyst.
   I sey not +tat +tou schalt mowe euer contynow +ter-in iliche
fresche; for +tat may not be. For sumtyme seeknes and o+ter     #
vnordeind 
disposicions in body and in soule, wi+t many o+ter needfulnes
to kynde, wol let +tee ful mochel, and oft-tymes drawe +tee     #
doun fro
+te hei+gt of +tis worching. Bot I sey +tat +tou schuldest      #
euermore
haue it ou+ter in ernest or in game; +tat is to sey, ou+ter in  #
werk or
in wille. And +terfore for Godes loue beware wi+t seeknes as    #
moche as
+tou maist goodly, so +tat +tou be not +te cause of +ti         #
febilnes, as
for+t as +tou maist. For I telle +tee trewly +tat +tis werk     #
aske+t a
ful greet restfulnes, and a ful hole and a clene disposicion,   #
as wele in
body as in soule.
   And +terfore for Godes loue gouerne +tee discreetly in body  #
& in soule,
& gete +tee +tin hele as mochel as +tou mayst. And +gif seeknes
come a+gens +ti power, haue pacyence & abide meekly Goddes
mercy; and al is +tan good inow+g. For I telle +tee trewly      #
+tat oftymes
pacyence in seeknes, and in o+ter diuerse tribulacions,         #
plesi+t God
moche more +ten any likyng deuocyon +tat +tou mayst haue in     #
+ti hele.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE TWO AND FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]

   But parauenture +tou askest me how +tou schalt gouerne +tee
<P 81>
discreetly in mete, and in slepe, & in alle +tees o+ter. And    #
herto I +tink
to answere +tee ri+gt schortli: 'Gete +tat +tou gete mayst.'    #
Do +tis
werk euermore wi+t-outyn cesyng & wi+t-outyn discrecion, and    #
+tou
schalt wel kun beginne & ceese in alle +tin o+ter werkes        #
wi+t a grete
discrecion. For I may not trowe +tat a soule contynowyng in     #
+tis
werk ni+gt and day wi+t-outyn discrecion schuld mowe erre in    #
any of
+tees outward doinges; and elles me +tink +tat he schuld alweis
erre.
   And +terfore and I mi+gt gete a wakyng and a besi beholdyng  #
to +tis
goostly werk wi+t-inne in my soule, I wolde +tan haue a         #
rechelesnes
in etyng and in drynkyng, in sleping & in spekyng and in alle   #
myn outward
doynges. For sekirly I trowe I schuld ra+ter com to discrecion
in hem by soche a rechelesnes +tan by any besy beholding to     #
+te same
+tinges, as I wolde bi +tat beholdyng set a [{merke{] & a       #
mesure by hem.
Trewly I schuld neuer bryng it so aboute for ou+gt +tat I       #
cou+t do
or sey. Sey what men seye wil, & lat +te preof witnes. And      #
+terfore
lift up +tin hert with a blynde steryng of loue; and mene now   #
synne,
and now God. God woldest +tou haue, and synne woldest +tou      #
lacke.
God wante+t +tee; and synne arte +tou sekir of. Now good God    #
help
+tee, for now hast +tou need!

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE +TRE AND FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Look +tat nou+gt worche in +ti wit ne in +ti wil bot only    #
God. And
<P 82>
[{fonde{] for to felle alle wetyng & felyng of ou+gt vnder      #
God, and
treed alle doun ful fer vnder +te cloude of for+getyng. And     #
+tou schalt
vnderstonde +tat +tou schalt not only in +tis werk for+gete     #
alle o+ter
creatures +ten +ti-self, or +teire dedes or +tine, bot also     #
+tou schalt
in +tis werk for+gete bo+te +ti-self and also +ti dedes for     #
God, as wel as
alle o+ter creatures and +teire dedes. For it is +te condicion  #
of a
parfite louer, not only to loue +tat +ting +tat he loue+t more  #
+ten
him-self; bot also in maner for to hate him-self for +tat       #
+ting +tat
he loui+t.
   +Tus schalt +tou do wi+t +ti-self: +tou schalt lo+te and be  #
wery wi+t
alle +tat +ting +tat worche+t in +ti witte & in +ti wil, bot    #
+gif it be
only God. For whi sekirly elles, what-so-euer +tat it be, it is
bitwix +tee and +ti God. And no wonder +tof +tou lo+te and      #
hate for to
+tink on +ti-self, when +tou schalt alweis fele synne a foule   #
stynkyng
lumpe, +tou wost neuer what, bitwix +tee & +ti God: +te whiche
lumpe is none o+ter +ting +tan +ti-self. For +tee schal +tink   #
it onyd
& congelid wi+t +te substaunce of +ti beyng, +ge, as it were    #
wi+t-outyn
departyng.
   And +terfore breek doun alle wetyng & felyng of alle maner   #
of
creatures; bot most besily of +ti-self. For on +te wetyng and   #
+te
felyng of +ti-self hangi+t wetyng and felyng of alle o+ter      #
creatures;
for in rewarde of it, alle o+ter creatures ben li+gtly          #
for+getyn. For,
and +tou wilt besily set +tee to +te preof, +tou schalt fynde,  #
when +tou 
<P 83>
hast for+geten alle o+ter creatures & alle +teire werkes, +ge,  #
and +terto
alle +tin owne werkes, +tat +ter schal leue +git after,         #
bitwix +tee and +ti
God, a nakid weting and a felyng of +tin owne beyng: +te whiche
wetyng and felyng behoui+t alweis be distroied, er +te tyme be  #
+tat
+tou fele so+tfastly +te perfeccyon of +tis werk.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE FOURE AND FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Bot now +tou askist me how +tou maist distroie +tis nakid    #
wetyng
and felyng of +tin owen beyng. For parauenture +tee +tink +tat  #
and it
were distroied, alle o+ter lettynges were distroied: and +gif   #
+tou
+tinkist +tus, +tou +tinkist ri+gt trewly. Bot to +tis I        #
answere +tee,
and I sey +tat wi+t-outyn a ful specyal grace ful frely +gouen  #
of God,
and +terto a ful acordyng abilnes to resseyue +tis grace on     #
+ti partye,
+tis nakid wetyng and felyng of +ti beyng may on no wise be     #
distroyed.
   And +tis abilnes is not elles a bot a stronge and a deep     #
goostly sorow.
Bot in +tis sorow nede+t +tee to haue discrecion on +tis        #
maner: +tou
schalt be ware in +te tyme of +tis sorow +tat +tou nei+ter to   #
rudely
streyne +ti body ne +ti spirit, bot sit sul stylle, as it were  #
in a
slepyng slei+gt, al forsobbid and for-sonken in sorow. +Tis is  #
trewe
sorow; +tis is parfite sorow; and wel were hym +tat mi+gt       #
wynne to
+tis sorow.
   Alle men han mater of sorow, bot most specyaly he feli+t     #
mater
of sorow +tat wote and feli+t +tat he is. Alle o+ter sorowes    #
ben vnto
+tis in comparison bot as it were gamen to ernest. For he may
make sorow ernestly +tat wote & feli+t not onli what he is,     #
bot +tat
<P 84>
he is. And who-so felid neuer +tis sorow, he may make sorow,    #
for
whi he felid +git neuer parfite sorow.
   +Tis sorow, when it is had, clensi+t +te soule, not only of  #
synne,
bot also of peyne +tat he ha+t deseruid for synne. And +terto   #
it maki+t
a soule abil to resseiue +tat ioye, +te whiche reui+t fro a     #
man alle
wetyng and felyng of his beyng. +Tis sorow, +gif it be trewly   #
conseyuid,
is ful of holy desire; and elles mi+gt neuer man in +tis liif
abide it ne bere it. For ne were it +tat a soule were sumwhat   #
fed
with a maner of counforte of his ri+gt worching, elles schuld   #
he
not mow bere +te pyne +tat he ha+t of +te wetyng and felyng of  #
his
beyng. For as ofte as he wolde haue a trewe wetyng and a felyng
of his God in purtee of spirit, as it may be here, and si+ten   #
feli+t +tat
he may not - for he finde+t euermore his wetyng and his felyng  #
as it
were ocupied and fillyd wi+t a foule stinkyng lumpe of          #
him-self, +te
whiche behoue+t alweis be hatid and  be dispisid and forsaken,  #
if he
schal be Goddes parfite dissiple, lernid of hym-self in +te     #
mount of
perfeccion - as ofte he go+t ni wood for sorow; in so mochel,   #
+tat
he wepi+t and weili+t, striui+t, cursi+t and banne+t, and,      #
schortly to sey,
hym +tinki+t +tat he beri+t so heuy a bir+ten of hym-self +tat  #
he rechi+t
neuer what wor+t of hym, so +tat God were plesid. And +git in   #
al +tis
sorow he desire+t not to vnbe, for +tat were deuelles woodnes &
despite vnto God. Bot hym listi+t ri+gt wel be; and he meni+t   #
ful
hertly +tankyng to God, for +te wor+tines and +te +gift of his  #
beyng,
<P 85>
+tof al +tat he desire vnsesingly for to lakke +te wetyng and   #
+te
felyng of his beyng.
   +Tis sorow and +tis desire behoui+t iche a soule haue and    #
fele in it-self,
ou+ter in +tis maner or in ano+ter, as God vouche+t saa[{f{]    #
for to
lerne to his goostly disciples, after his weel wyllyng & +teire
acordyng abylnes in body & in soule, in degre and compleccion,  #
er
+te tyme be +tat +tei mowe parfitely be onid vnto God in        #
parfite
charite - soche as may be had here +gif God vouche+t saaf.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE FIUE AND FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Bot o +ting I telle +tee: +tat in +tis werk may a +gong      #
disciple, +tat
ha+t not +git ben wel vsed & prouid in goostly worching, ful    #
li+gtly
be disceyuid, and, bot he be sone war & haue grace to leue of   #
and
meek hym to counsel, parauenture be distroied in his bodily
mi+gtes, and falle into fantasie in his goostly wittes. And     #
alle +tis is
longe of pride & of fleschlynes and coriouste of witte.
   And on +tis maner may +tis disceite befalle. A +gong man or  #
a
womman, newe set to +te scole of deuocion, here+t +tis sorow    #
and +tis
desire be red & spokyn, how +tat a man schal lift up his herte  #
vnto
God, and vnseesingly desire for to fele +te loue of here God.   #
And as fast
in a curiouste of witte +tei conceyue +tees wordes not goostly, #
as
+tei ben ment, bot fleschly & bodily, and trauaylen +teire      #
fleschly
hertes outrageously in +teire brestes. And what for lackyng of
grace, +tat +tei deseruen, & pride and curiouste in hem-self,   #
+tei
streyne here veynes and here bodily mi+gtes so beestly & so     #
rudely,
<P 86>
+tat with-inne schort tyme +tei fallen ou+ter into werynes and  #
a maner
of vnlisty febilnes in body and in soule, +te whiche maki+t hem
to wende oute of hem-self & seke sum fals & sum veyne fleschly
and bodily counforte wi+t-outyn, as it were for recreacion of   #
body and
of spirite. Or elles, +gif +tei falle not in +tis, elles +tei   #
deserue - for
goostly blyndnes & for fleschly chaufyng of +teire compleccion  #
in
+teire bodily brestis in +te tyme of +tis feinid beestly and    #
not goostly
worchyng - for to haue +teire brestes ou+ter enflaumid wi+t an
vnkyndely hete of compleccion, causid of misrewlyng of +teire
bodies or of +tis feinid worching, or elles +tei conceyue a     #
fals hete
wrou+gt by +te feende, +teire goostly enmye, causid of +teire   #
pride
& of +teire fleschlines & +teire coriouste of wit.
   And +git, parauenture, +tei wene it be +te fiir of loue,     #
getyn and
kyndelid by +te grace & +te goodnes of +te Holy Goost. Treuly   #
of
+tis disceite, and of +te braunces +ter-of, spryngyn many       #
mescheues:
moche ypocrisie, moche heresye, and moche errour. For as fast
after soche a fals felyng come+t a fals knowyng in +te feendes
scole, ri+gt as after a trewe feling come+t a trewe knowing in  #
Gods
scole. For I telle +tee trewly +tat +te deuil ha+t his          #
contemplatyues,
as God ha+t his. +Tis disseite of fals felyng, & of fals        #
knowyng
folowyng +ter-on, ha+t diuerse and wonderful variacions, after  #
+te
dyuerste of states & +te sotyl condicions of hem +tat ben       #
disceyuid;
as ha+t +te trewe felyng and knowyng of hem +tat ben sauid.
   Bot I sette no mo disceites here bot +too wi+t +te whiche I  #
trowe
+tou schalt be assailid, +gif euer +tou purpose +tee to worche  #
in +tis
werk. For what schuld it profite to +tee to wite hou +tees      #
greet
clerkis, & men & wommen of o+ter degrees +ten +tou arte, ben
<P 87>
disceyuid? Sikirly ri+gt nou+gt. And +terfore I telle +tee no   #
mo, bot
+too +tat fallyn unto +tee, +gif +tou trauayle in +tis werk.    #
And for+ti I
telle +tee +tis, +tat +tou schalt bewar +ter-wi+t in +ti        #
worching, +gif +tou
be assailyd +ter-wi+t.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE SIX AND FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]
 
   And +terfore for Goddes loue bewar in +tis werk, and         #
streyne not +tin
hert in +ti brest ouer-rudely, ne oure of mesure; bot wirche    #
more
wi+t a list +ten wi+t any li+ter streng+te. For euer +te more   #
listly, +te
more meekly and goostly; and euer +te more rudely, +te more     #
bodely
& beestly. And +terfore bewar. For sekirly what beestly herte   #
+tat
presumi+t for to touche +te hi+ge mounte of +tis werke, it      #
schalt be
betyn awey wi+t stones. Stones ben harde & drie in her kynde,   #
and
+tei hurte ful sore where +tei hit. And sekirly soche rude      #
streynynges
ben ful harde fastnid in fleschlines of bodely felyng, and ful  #
drie fro
any wetyng of grace; and +tei hurte ful sore +te sely soule,    #
and make
it feestre in fantasie feinid of feendes. And +terfore bewar    #
wi+t +tis
beestly ruednes, & leerne +tee to loue listely wi+t a softe &   #
a demure
contenaunce, as wel in body as in soule. And abide curtesly and
meekly +te wil of oure Lorde, and lache not ouer hastely, as    #
it were
a gredy grehounde, hungre +tee neuer so sore. & gamenly be it
seyde, I rede +tat +tu do +tat in +tee is, refreynyng +te rude  #
and +te
grete steryng of +ti spirite; ry+gt as +tou on no wyse woldest  #
lat
hym wite hou fayne +tou woldest see hym and haue hym or fele
hym.
<P 88>
   +Tis is childly and pleyingly spoken, +tee +tink,            #
parauenture. Bot
I trowe who-so had grace to do and fele as I sey, he schuld     #
fele good
gamesumli pley wi+t hym, as +te fadir do+t wi+t +te childe,     #
kyissyng
and clippyng, +tat weel were him so.

[}HERE BIGYNNI+T +TE SEUEN AND FOURTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Loke +tou haue no wonder whi +tat I speke +tus childly, &    #
as it
were folily and lackyng kyndly discrecion; for I do it for      #
certeyn
skyles, & as me +tinke+t +tat I haue ben sterid many day bo+te  #
to
fele +tus & +tink +tus & sey +tus, as weel to som o+ter of my   #
specyal
freendes in God, as I am now vnto +tee.
   And o skyle is +tis, whi +tat I bid +tee hide it fro God,    #
+te desire of
+tine herte: for I hope it schuld more cleerly com to his       #
knowyng,
to +ti profite & in fulfyllyng of +ti desire, by soche an       #
hidyng, +tan
it scholde by any o+ter maner of schewyng +tat I trowe +tou
coudest +git schewe. And ano+ter skyle is: for I wolde by       #
soche a hid
schewyng bryng +tee oute of +te boistouste of bodely felyng     #
into
+te purete and depnes of goostly felyng; and so for+termore     #
at +te last
to help +tee to knit +te goostly knot of brennyng loue bitwix   #
+tee
and +ti God, in goostly onheed and acordyng of wille.
   +Tou wost wel +tis, +tat God is a spirit; and who-so schuld  #
be onid
vnto hym, it behoui+t to be in so+tfastnes and deepnes of       #
spirit, ful
fer fro any feynid bodely +ting. So+t it is +tat alle +ting is  #
knowen
<P 89>
of God, and no+ting may be hid fro his wetyng, nei+ter bodily   #
+ting
ne goostly. Bot more aperte is +tat +ting knowyn and schewid    #
vnto
him, +te whiche is hid in depnes of spirit, si+t it so is +tat  #
he is a
spirit, +tan is any +ting is medelid wi+t any maner of          #
bodelines.
For alle bodely +ting is fer+ter fro God bi +te cours of kynde  #
+ten
any goostly +ting. By +tis skile it semi+t +tat +te whiles      #
oure desire
is medelid wi+t any maner of bodelines - as it is whan we       #
stresse
and streyne us in spirit & in body to-geders - as longe it is   #
fer+ter
fro God +ten it schuld be, and it were done more deuoutly &     #
more 
listely in sobirnes and in puretee & in depnes of spirite.
   And here maist +tou see sumwhat and in party +te skil whi    #
+tat I bid
+tee so childly hele & hyde +te steryng of +ti desire fro God.  #
And +git
I bid +tee not pleynly hyde it, for +tat were +te biddyng of a  #
fole,
for to bid +tee pleynly do +tat on no wise may be done. Bot I   #
bid
+tee so +tat in +tee is to hide it. And whi bid I +tus?         #
Sekirly for I
wolde +tat +tou castedest it into depnes of spirite, fer fro    #
any rude
medelyng of any bodelines, +te whiche wolde make it lesse       #
goostly,
and fer+ter fro God in as moche; and for I wote wel +tat euer   #
+te more
+tat +ti spirit ha+t of goostlines, +te lesse it ha+t of        #
bodelines and +te
nerer it is God, and +te betyr it plesi+t hym, & +te more       #
cleerly it may
be seen of hym. Not +tat his si+gt may be any tyme, or in any
+ting, more cleer +ten in ano+ter, for it is euermore           #
vnchaungable;
bot for+ti it is more liche vnto hym, when it is in puretee of  #
spirit,
for he is a spirit.
<P 90>
   Ano+ter skyl +ter is whi +tat I bid +tee do +tat in +tee is  #
to late hym
not wite: for +tou & I, and many soche as we ben, we ben so     #
abyl
to conceyue a +ting bodily, +te whiche is seyde goostly, +tat   #
parauenture,
and I had boden +tee schewe vnto God +te steryng of +tin
herte, +tou schuldest haue maad a bodily schewyng vnto hym,
ou+ter in contenaunce, or in voyce, or in worde, or in som      #
o+ter
rude bodely streynyng, as it is when +tou schalt schewe a +ting
+tat is hid in +tin hert to a bodely man; & in as moche +ti     #
werk
schuld haue ben inpure. For on o maner schal a +ting be schewid
to man, & on an-o+ter maner vnto God. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 112>
[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE ON AND SIXTI CHAPITRE.}]

   Neuer+teles it is needful to lifte up oure i+gen and oure    #
hondes
bodely, as it were vnto +gone bodely heuen, in +te whiche +te
<P 113>
elementes ben fastnid. I mene +gif we ben sterid of +te werk    #
of oure
spirit, and elles nou+gt. For alle bodely +ting is sogette      #
vnto goostly
+ting and is reulid +terafter, and not a+gensward.
   Ensaumple herof may be seen by +te assencion of oure Lorde;
for whan +te tyme statute was icomen +tat him likyd to weende   #
to
his Fader bodely in his Manheed - +te whiche was neuer, ne      #
neuer
may be, absent in his Godheed - +tan mi+gtely, by +te vertewe   #
of
+te Spirit God, +te Manheed wi+t +te body folowed in onheed of
Persone. +Te visibilite of +tis was moste seemly and most       #
acordyng to
be upward.
   +Tis same subieccion of +te body to +te spirit may be in     #
maner
verrely conceiued in +te preof of +tis goostly werk of +tis     #
book by
hem +tat worchen +terin. For what tyme +tat a soule dispose+t   #
him
effectuely to +tis werk, +tan as fast sodenly - vnwetyng        #
him-self
+tat worche+t - +te body, +tat parauenture bifore er he bygan   #
was
sumwhat heeldyng donwardes on o syde or on o+ter for ese of +te
flesche, by vertewe of +te spirit schal set it vpri+gt,         #
folowyng in
maner & in licnes bodely +te werk of +te spirit +tat is maad    #
goostly.
and +tus it is moste semely to be.
   And for +tis seemlines it is +tat a man, +te whiche is +te   #
seemliest
creature in body +tat euer God maad, is not maad crokid to +te
er+tewardes, as ben alle o+ter beestes, bot upri+gte to         #
heuenwardes;
for whi +tat it schulde figure in licnes bodely +te werke of    #
+te soule
goostly, +te whiche falle+t to be upri+gt goostly and not       #
crokid goostly.
Take kepe +tat I sey upri+gt goostly, and not bodely. For how
<P 114>
schulde a soule, +te whiche in his kynde ha+t no maner +ting of
bodelines, be streinid upri+gt bodely? Nay, it may not be.
   And +terfore beware +tat +tou conceyue not bodely +tat +tat  #
is mente
goostly, +tof al it be spokyn in bodely wordes, as ben +tees:   #
UP or
DOUN, IN or OUTE, BEHINDE or BEFORE, ON O SIDE or ON O+TER.
For +tof al +tat a +ting be neuer so goostly in it-self,        #
neuer+teles +git
+gif it schal be spoken of, si+ten it so is +tat speche is a    #
bodely werk
wrou+gt wi+t +te tonge, +te whiche is an instrument of +te      #
body, it
behoue+t alweis be spoken in bodely wordes. Bot what +terof?
Schal it +terfore be taken and conceyuid bodely? Nay, it bot    #
goostly.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE TWO AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]

   And for+ti +tat +tou schalt kun betir wite how +tei schul    #
be conceyued
goostly, +tees wordes +tat ben spoken bodely, +terfore I +tink  #
to declare
to +tee +te goostly bemenyng of somme wordes +tat fallyn to
goostly worching; so +tat +tou mayst wite cleerly wi+t-outen    #
errour
when +ti goostly werke is bene+te +tee & wi+t-outyn +tee, &     #
when it is
wi+t-in +tee & euen wi+t +tee, and when it is abouen +tee &     #
vnder +ti God.
   Alle maner of bodely +ting is wi+touten +ti soule &          #
bene+te it in
kynde. +Ge, +te sonne & +te mone and alle +te sterres, +tof al  #
+tei be
abouen +ti body, neuer+teles +git +tei ben bene+te +ti soule.
   Alle aungelles and alle soules, +tof al +tei be conformed    #
& anowrnid
wi+t grace & wi+t vertewes, for +te whiche +tei ben abouen      #
+tee in
clennes, neuer+teles +git +tei ben bot euen +tee in kynde.
   Wi+t-inne in +ti-self in kynde ben +te mi+gtes of +ti        #
soule, +te whiche
<P 115>
ben +tees +tre principal: minde, reson, & wille; and            #
secundary,
ymaginacion and sensualite.
   Abouen +ti-self in kynde is no maner of +ting bot only God.
   Euermore where +tou fyndest wreten +ti-self in goostlines,   #
+tan it
is vnderstonden +ti soule, & not +ti body. And +ten, al after   #
+tat +ting
is on +te whiche +te mi+gtes of +ti soule worchyn, +terafter    #
schal +te
wor+tines and +te condicion of +te werke be demid; whe+ter it   #
be
bine+te +tee, wi+t-inne +tee, or abouen +tee.

[}HERE BIGYNNI+T +TE +TRE AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Mynde is soche a mi+gte in it-self, +tat properly to speke   #
and in
maner it worche+t not it-self. Bot reson & wille, +tei ben two  #
worching
mi+gtes, and so is ymaginacion & sensualite also. And alle      #
+tees foure
mi+gtes & +teire werkes mynde contene+t & comprehende+t in      #
it-self.
and on none o+ter wise it is seide +tat +te mynde worche+t,     #
bot +gif
soche a comprehencion be a werke.
   And herfore it is +tat I clepe +te mi+gtes of a soule, som   #
principal,
& som secundary. Not for a soule is departable, for +tat may    #
not
be; bot for alle +too +tinges in +te whiche +tei worchen ben    #
departable,
and somme principal, as ben alle goostly +tinges, and som       #
secundary,
as ben alle bodily +tinges. +Te two principal worching my+gtes,
reson and wille, worchen purely in hem-self in alle goostly     #
+tinges,
wi+t-outen help of +te o+ter two secundary mi+gtes.             #
Ymaginacion & 
sensualite worchin beestly in alle bodely +tinges, whe+ter      #
+tei be
present or absente in +te body, & wi+t +te bodely wittes. Bot   #
by
hem, wi+t-outen helpe of reson & of wille, may a soule neuer    #
come
<P 116>
to for to knowe +te vertewe & +te condicions of bodely          #
creatures, ne
+te cause of +teire beynges and +teire makynges.
   And for +tis skyle is reson and wille clepid principal       #
mi+gtes, for +tei
worchen in pure spirit wi+t-outen any maner of bodelines; and
ymaginacion & sensualite secondary, for +tei worchen in +te     #
body
wi+t bodely instrumentes, +te whiche ben oure fiue wittes.      #
Minde
is clepid a principal my+gte, for it contene+t in it goostly    #
not only
alle +te o+ter mi+gtes, bot +terto alle +to +tinges in +te      #
whiche +tei
worchen. Se by +te profe. 

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE FOURE AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Reson is a my+gt +torou +te whiche we departe +te iuel fro   #
+te
good, +te iuel fro +te worse, +te good fro +te betir, +te       #
worse fro +te
worste, +te betir fro +te best. Before er man synned, mi+gt     #
reson
haue done al +tis by kynde. Bot now it is so blendid wi+t +te   #
original
synne +tat it may not kon worche +tis werk bot +git it be       #
illuminid
by grace. And bo+te +te self reson, & +te +ting +tat it         #
worche+t in, ben
comprehendid & contened in +te mynde.
   Wille is a my+gt +torou +te whiche we chese good, after      #
+tat it be
determinid wi+t reson; & +torow +te whiche we loue God, we      #
desire
God, and resten us wi+t ful likyng & consent eendli in God.     #
Before
er man synnid, mi+gt not wille be disceyuid in his chesyng, in  #
his
louyng, ne in none of his werkes; for whi it had +tan by kynde  #
to
<P 117>
sauour iche +ting as it was. Bot now it may not do so, bot      #
+gif it be
anointed wi+t grace. For oftymes, bicause of infeccion of +te
original synne, it sauore+t a +ting for good +tat is ful yuel,  #
and +tat ha+t
bot +te licnes of goode. And bo+te +te wille & +te +ting +tat   #
it wilni+t +te
mynde contene+t & comprehendi+t in it.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE FIUE AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Imagynacion is a mi+gt +torow +te whiche we portray alle     #
ymages
of absent & present +tinges. And bo+te it, & +te +ting +tat it  #
worche+t in,
ben contened in +te mynde. Byfore er man synned, was            #
ymaginacion
so obedyent vnto +te reson - to +te whiche it is as it were
seruaunt - +tat it mynystrid neuer to it any vnordeynde ymage
of any bodely creature, or any fantasy of any goostly creature.
Bot now it is not so. For bot +gif it be refreynid by +te       #
li+gt of grace
in +te reson, elles it wil neuer sese, sleping or wakyng, for   #
to portray
dyuerse vnordeynd ymages of bodely creatures; or elles sum
fantasye, +te whiche is nou+gt elles bot a bodely conseyte of a
goostly +ting, or elles a goostly conseyte of a bodely +ting.   #
And +tis is
euermore feynid & fals, & aneste vnto errour.
   +Tis inobedyence of +te ymaginacion may clerly be conseyuid  #
in
hem +tat ben newlynges tornid fro +te woreld vnto deuocion in   #
+te
tyme of here preier. For before +te tyme be +tat +te            #
ymaginacion be
in grete partye refreynid by +te li+gt of grace in +te reson -  #
as it is in
<P 118>
contynowel meditacion of goostly +tinges, as ben +teire         #
wrechidnes,
+te Passion & +te kyndenes of oure Lorde God, wi+t many soche 
o+ter - +tei mowe in no wise put awey +te wonderful & +te       #
diuerse
+tou+gtes, fantasies and ymages, +te whiche ben mynystred and
preentid in +teire mynde by +te li+gte and +te corioustee of    #
ymaginacyon. 
and alle +tis inobedyence is +te pyne of +te original synne.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE SIX AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Sensualite is a mi+gte of oure soule, rechyng & regnyng in   #
+te
bodely wittes, +torow +te whiche we haue bodely knowyng &       #
felyng
of alle bodely creatures, whe+ter +tei be likyng or gruchyng.   #
And
it ha+t two partyes: one +torow +te whiche it beholde+t to +te  #
needfulnes
of oure body, ano+ter +torou +te whiche it serue+t to +te       #
lustis of
+te bodely wittys. For +tis same mi+gt is it +tat gruchi+t      #
when +te body
lacky+t +te needful +tinges vnto it, and +tat in +te takyng of  #
+te nede
stere+t us to take more +tan nedi+t in fedyng and for+teryng    #
of oure 
lustys. It grochi+t in lackyng of likyng creatures, & lustely   #
is
delited in +teire presence. It grochi+t in presence of          #
mislikyng
creatures, & it is lustely plesid in +teire absence. Bo+te      #
+tis mi+gt
& +te +ting +tat it worche+t in ben contened in +te mynde.
   Before er man synnid was +te sensualite so obedyent vnto +te
wille - vnto +te whiche it is as it were seruaunt - +tat it     #
ministred
neuer vnto it any vnordeinde likyng or groching in any bodely
<P 119>
creature, or any goostly feynyng of likyng or mislikyng maad by
any goostly enmye in +te bodely wittes. Bot now it is not so;   #
for
bot +gif it be reulyd by grace in +te wille, for to suffre      #
meekly &
in mesure +te pyne of +te original synne - +te whiche it        #
feli+t in
absence of needful likyng and in presence of speedful groching  #
- and
+terto also for to streyne it fro luste in presence of needful  #
lykyng,
and fro lusty plesaunce in absence of speedful groching, elles  #
wil it
wrechidly and wantounly weltre, as a swine in +te myre, in +te  #
wel+tes
of +tis woreld & +te foule flessche so mochel, +tat alle oure   #
leuyng
schal be more beestly and fleschly +ten ou+ter manly or         #
goostly.

[}HERE BEGINNI+T +TE SEUEN AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Loo, goostly freende! to soche wrechidnes as +tou here mayst
see ben we fallen for synne. And +terfore what wonder is it     #
+tou+g we
be blyndely and li+gtly disseyuid in vnderstondyng of goostly
wordes & of goostly worchyng, and namely +too +te whiche knowyn
not +git +te my+gtes of +teire soules and +te maners of +teire  #
worchyng?
   For euer whan +te mynde is ocupied wi+t any bodely +ting,    #
be it
taken to neuer so good an eende, +git +tou arte bine+te         #
+ti-self in +tis
worching, & with-outen +ti soule. And euer whan +tou felist     #
+ti mynde
ocupied wi+t +te sotil condicions of +te my+gtes of +ti soule   #
& +teire
worchynges in goostly +tinges, as ben vices or vertewes of      #
+ti-self
or of any creature +tat is goostly & euen wi+t +tee in kynde,   #
to +tat
eende +tat +tou mi+gtest by +tis werke lerne to knowe +ti-self  #
in for+tring
<P 120>
of perfeccion: +ten +tou arte wi+t-inne +ti-self and euen wi+t
+ti-self. Bot euer when +tou felist +ti mynde ocupyed wi+t no
maner of +tyng +tat is bodely or goostly, bot only wi+t +te     #
self substaunce
of God, as it is & may be in +te preof of +te werk of +tis
book: +ten +tou arte abouen +ti-self & vnder +ti God.
    Abouen +ti-self +tou arte: for whi +tou atteynest to come   #
+tedir by
grace, whe+ter +tou mayst not come by kynde; +tat is to sey,    #
to be
onyd to God in spirit & in loue and in acordaunce of wille.     #
Byne+te
+ti God +tou arte: for whi +tof al it may be seide in maner     #
+tat in +tis
tyme God & +tou ben not two bot one in spirit - in so moche     #
+tat
+tou or ano+ter for soche onheed +tat fele+t +te perfeccion of  #
+tis werk
may so+tfastly, bi witnes of Scripture, be clepid a God -       #
neuer+teles
+git +tou arte bine+te hym. For whi he is God by kynde          #
wi+t-outen
biginnyng; and +tou +tat sumtyme were nou+gt in substaunce &    #
+terto
after when +tou were by his mi+gt & his loue maad ou+gt,        #
wilfuly
wi+t synne madest +ti-self wors +ten nou+gt: only bi his mercy  #
wi+t-outen
+ti desert arte maad a God in grace, onyd wi+t him in spirit
wi+t-outen departyng, bo+te here and in blis of heuen           #
wi+t-outen any
eende. So +tat, +tou+g +tou be al one wi+t hym in grace, +git   #
+tou arte
ful fer bine+te hym in kynde.
   Loo, goostly freende! herby maist +tou see sumwhat in partye
+tat who-so knowi+t not +te my+gtes of +teire owne soule, and   #
+te maner
of +teire worchyng, may ful li+gtly be disseyued in             #
vnderstondyng
of wordes +tat ben wretyn to goostly entent. And herfore maist  #
+tou
<P 121>
see sumwhat +te cause whi +tat I durst not pleynly bid +tee     #
schewe
+ti desire vnto God; bot I bad +tee childly do +tat in +tee is  #
to hyde it
and hele it. And +tis I do for feerde lest +tou schuldest       #
conseyue bodily
+tat +tat is mente goostly.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE EI+GT AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]
  
   And on +te same maner, wher ano+ter man wolde bid +tee gader
+ti mi+gtes & +ti wittes holiche wi+t-inne +ti-self, &          #
worschip God
+tere - +tof al he sey ful wel & ful trewly, +ge! & no man      #
trewlier & he
be wel conseiuid - +git for feerde of disseite & bodely         #
conceyuyng
of his wordes, me list not byd +tee do so. Bot +tus wil I bid   #
+tee.
Loke on no wyse +tat +tou be wi+t-inne +ti-self. And schortly   #
wi+t-outyn
+ti-self wil I not +tat +tou be, ne +git abouen, ne be-hynde,   #
ne on o
side, ne on o+ter.
   'Wher +tan,' seist +tou, 'schal I be? No+gwhere, by +ti      #
tale!' Now
trewly +tou seist wel; for +tere wolde I haue +tee. For whi     #
no+gwhere
bodely is euerywhere goostly. Loke +tan besily +tat +ti goostly
werk be no+gwhere bodely; and +tan wher-so-euer +tat +tat       #
+ting is, on
+te whiche +tou wilfuly worchest in +ti mynde in substaunce,    #
sekerly
+ter art +tou in spirit, as verrely as +ti body is in +tat      #
place +tat +tou
arte bodely. And +tof al +ti bodely wittes kon fynde +ter       #
no+ting to
fede hem on, for hem +tink it nou+gt +tat +tou doste, +ge! do   #
on +tan +tis
nou+gt, elles +tat +tou do it for Goddes loue. And lete         #
nou+gt, +terfore,
<P 122>
bot trauayle besily in +tat nou+gt with a wakyng desire to      #
wilne to
haue God, +tat no man may knowe. For I telle +tee trewly +tat   #
I had
leuer be so nowhere bodely, wrastlyng wi+t +tat blynde nou+gt,  #
+tan
to be so grete a lorde +tat I mi+gt when I wolde be euerywhere
bodely, merily pleiing wi+t al +tis ou+gt as a lorde wi+t his   #
owne.
   Lat be +tis eueriwhere & +tis ou+gt, in comparison of +tis   #
[{no+gwhere
and +tis{] nou+gt. Reche +tee neuer +gif +ti wittys kon no      #
skyle of +tis
nou+gt: for whi I loue it moche +te betir. It is so wor+ti a    #
+ting in
it-self +tat +tei kon no skyle +ter-apon. +Tis nou+gt may       #
betir be felt
+ten seen; for it is ful blynde & ful derk to hem +tat han bot  #
lityl
while lokid +ter-apon. Neuer+teles, +gif I schal so+tlier sey,  #
a soule is
more bleendid in felyng of it for habundaunce of goostly li+gt,
+ten for any derknes or wantyng of bodely li+gtte. What is he   #
+tat
clepi+t it nou+gt? Sekirly it is oure vtter man, and not oure   #
inner.
Oure inner man clepi+t it Al; for of it he is wel lernid to     #
kon skyle
of alle +tinges, bodely or goostly, wi+t-outen any specyal      #
beholdyng
to any o +ting by it-self.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE NINE AND SIXTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Wonderfuly is a mans affeccion varied in goostly felyng of   #
+tis
nou+gt when it is nou+gwhere wrou+gt. For at +te first tyme     #
+tat a
soule loki+t +ter-apon, it schal fynde alle +te specyal dedes   #
of sinne
+tat euer he did si+ten he was borne, bodely or goostly,        #
priuely or
derkly, peyntid +ter-apon. And how-so-euer +tat he torni+t it   #
aboute,
euermore +tei wil apere before his i+gen; vnto +te tyme be      #
+tat wi+t
<P 123>
moche harde trauayle, many sore si+ginges, & many bitter
wepynges he haue in grete party rubbid hem awey.
   Somtyme in +tis trauayle him +tink +tat it is to loke        #
+ter-apon as on
helle; for him +tink +tat he despeiri+t to wynne to perfeccion  #
of
goostly rest oute of +tat pyne. +Tus fer inwardes comyn many;   #
bot
for greetnes of pyne +tat +tei fele and for lackyng of          #
counforte +tei
go bak in beholdyng of bodely +tinges, sekyng fleschly          #
counfortes
wi+t-outen, for lackyng of goostly +tat +tei haue not +git      #
deseruyd,
as +tei schuld +gif +tei had abeden.
   For he +tat abidi+t feli+t somtyme som coumforte, and ha+t   #
som
hope of perfeccion; for he feli+t & see+t +tat many of his      #
fordone
specyal synnes ben in grete partye by help of grace rubbid      #
awey.
Neuer+teles +git eueramonge he feli+t pyne; bot he +tinki+t     #
+tat it
schal haue an ende, for it wexi+t euer les & les. & +terfore he
clepi+t it nou+gt helle bot purgatory. Somtyme he kan fynde no
specyal synne wretyn +ter-apon, bot +git hym +tink +tat it is   #
synne a
lumpe, he wrote neuer what, none o+ter +ting +tan hym-self;     #
and +tan it
may be clepid +te sta+til and +te pyne of +te original synne.   #
Somtyme
hym +tink +tat it is paradis or heuen, for diuerse wonderful    #
swetnes
and counfortes, ioyes & blessid vertewes +tat he fynde+t        #
+ter-in.
Somtyme hym +tink it God, for pees & rest +tat he finde+t       #
+ter-in.
   +Ge! +tink what he +tink wil; for euermore he schal fynde    #
it a
cloude of vnknowyng +tat is bitwix hym and his God.

<P 124>
[}HERE BIGINNY+T +TE SEUENTY CHAPITRE.}]

   And +terfore trauayle fast in +tis nou+gt & +tis             #
nou+gwhere, & leue +tin
outward bodely wittes; for I telle +tee trewly +tat +tis werk   #
may not
be conceyuid by hem.
   For by +tin i+gen +tou maist not conceyue of nay +ting, bot  #
+gif
it be by +te leng+te & +te breed, +te smalnes & +te gretnes,    #
+te roundnes
and +te swarenes, +te fernes & +te neernes, and +te colour of   #
it. And bi
+tin eren, not bot noise or sum maner of soun. By +tin nose,    #
not bot
ei+ter stynche or sauour. And by +ti taast, not bot ei+ter      #
soure or swete,
salt or fresche, bittyr or likyng. And bi +ti feling, not bot   #
ou+ter hote
or colde, hard or tendre, soft or scharpe. And trewly nei+ter   #
ha+t God
ne goostly +tinges none of +tees qualitees ne quantitees. And   #
+terfore
leue +tin outward wittes, & worche not wi+t hem, nei+ter        #
wi+t-inne
ne wi+t-outen. For alle +too +tat setten hem to be goostly      #
worchers
wi+t-inne, & wenen +tat +tei scholen ou+ter here, smel, or      #
see, taast or
fele goostly +tinges, ou+ter wi+t-inne hem or wi+t-outen,       #
sekerly +tei
ben deceyued & worchen wronge a+gens +te cours of kynde. For
kyndely +tei ben ordeynid +tat with hem men schuld haue knowyng
of alle outward bodely +tinges, and on no wise by hem com to    #
+te
knowing of gostely +tinges. I mene bi +teire werkes.
   By +teire failinges we may, as +tus: when we rede or here    #
speke of
sum certeyn +tinges, & +terto conceyue +tat oure outward wittys
<P 125>
kon not telle us bi no qualitee what +too +tinges ben, +tan we  #
mowe
be verely certefied +tat +too +tinges ben goostly +tinges, &    #
not bodely
+tinges.
   On +tis same maner goostly it fari+t in oure goostly         #
wittys, when
we trauailen aboute +te knowyng of God him-self. For haue a man
neuer so moche goostly vnderstondyng in knowyng of alle maad
goostly +tinges, +git may he neuer bi +te werk of his           #
vnderstondyng
com to +te knowyng of an vnmaad goostly +ting, +te whiche is    #
nou+gt
bot God. Bot by +te failyng it may; for whi +tat +ting +tat it  #
faili+t
in is no+ting elles bot only God. And herfore it was +tat       #
Seynte Denis
seyde: '+Te moste goodly knowyng of God is +tat, +te whiche is
knowyn bi vnknowyng.'
   And trewly, who-so wil loke Denis bookes, he schal fynde     #
+tat his
wordes wilen cleerly aferme al +tat I haue seyde or schal sey,  #
fro
+te biginnyng of +tis tretis to +te ende. On none o+terwise     #
+ten +tus
list me not alegge hem, ne none o+ter doctour for me at +tis    #
tyme.
For somtyme men +tou+gt it meeknes to sey nou+gt of +teire owne
hedes, bot +gif +tei afermid it by Scripture & doctours         #
wordes; & 
now it is turnid into corioustee & schewyng of kunnyng. To      #
+tee it
nedi+t not, & +terfore I do it nou+gt. For who-so ha+t eren,    #
lat hem
here, & who-so is sterid for to trowe, lat hem trowe; for elles
scholen +tei not.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE ON AND SEUENTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Somme +tink +tis mater so harde and so feerdful +tat +tei    #
sey it may
<P 126>
not be comen to wi+t-outen moche stronge trauayle comyng
before, ne conceiuid bot seeldom, & +tat in +te tyme of         #
rauisching.
and to +tees men wol I answere as febely as I kan, & sey +tat   #
it
is alle at +te ordynaunce & +te disposicion of God, after       #
+teire
abilnes in soule +tat +tis grace of contemplacion & of goostly
worching is +gouen to.
   For som +ter ben +tat wi+t-outyn moche & longe goostly       #
excersise
mowe not com +terto; & +git it schal be bot ful seeldom, & in   #
special
callyng of oure Lorde, +tat +tei schul fele +te perfeccion of   #
+tis werk:
+te whiche callyng is clepid rauisching. And som +ter ben +tat  #
ben so
sotyl in grace & in spirit, & so homely wi+t God in +tis grace  #
of
contemplacion, +tat +tei mowe haue it when +tei wolen in +te    #
comoun
state of mans soule: as in sittyng, goyng, stondyng, or         #
knelyng.
and +git in +tis tyme +tei haue fulle deliberacion of alle      #
+teire wittis,
bodely or goostly, & mowe vse hem +gif hem list: not wi+t-outen
som lettyng, bot withouten gret lettyng. Ensaumple of +te first #
we
haue by Moises, and of +tis o+ter by Aaron, +te preest of +te   #
temple.
   For whi +tis grace of contemplacion is figurid by +te Arke   #
of
+te Testament in +te Olde Lawe, and +te worchers in +tis grace  #
ben
figurid by hem +tat most medelid hem aboute +tis arke, as +te   #
story
wol witnes. And weel is +tis grace and +tis werk licnid to      #
+tat arke. For
ri+gt as in +tat arke were contenid alle +te juelles & +te      #
relikis of +te
temple, ri+gt so in +tis lityl loue put ben contenid alle +te   #
vertewes of
mans soule, +te whiche is +te goostly temple of God.
   Moyses, er he mi+gt come to se +tis arke, & for to wite how  #
it
schuld be maad, wi+t grete longe trauayle he clombe up to +te   #
top
of +te mounteyne & wonid +tere & wrou+gt in a cloude six daies:
<P 127>
abidyng vnto +te seuen+t day, +tat oure Lorde wolde vouche      #
saaf for
to schewe vnto hem +te maner of +tis arke-makyng. By Moises
longe trauaile and his late schewyng ben vnderstonden +too      #
+tat mowe
not come to +te perfeccion of +tis goostly werk wi+t-outen      #
longe
trauayle comyng before, & +git bot ful seeldom, and when God    #
wil
vouche saaf to schewe it.
   Bot +tat +tat Moises mi+gt not come to se bot seeldom, &     #
+tat
not wi+t-outyn grete longe trauayle, Aaron had in his power,
bicause of his office, for to se it in +te temple with-inne     #
+te veyle as
ofte as him likid for to entre. And bi +tis Aaron ben           #
vnderstonden
alle +too +te whiche I spak of abouen, +te whiche by +teire     #
goostly
slei+gtes, bi help of grace, mowen propre vnto hem +te          #
perfeccion of
+tis werk as oft as hem liki+t.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE TWO AND SEUENTI CHAPITRE.}]

   Lo! herby maist +tou see +tat he +tat may not com to for to  #
see
& fele +te perfeccion of +tis werk, bot wi+t grete trauayle, &  #
+git is it
bot seeldom, & may li+gtly be disceyuid +gif he speke, +tink &  #
deme
o+ter men as he feli+t in him-self: +tat +tei mowe not com to   #
it bot
seeldom, and +tat not wi+t-outen greet trauaile. And on +te     #
same
maner may he be deceyuid +tat may haue it whan he wil, +gif he
deme alle o+ter +ter-after, seiing +tat +tei mowe haue it when  #
+tei wile.
Lat be +tis; nay, sekirly he may not +tink +tus. For            #
parauenture,
whan it liki+t vnto God, +too +tat mowe not at +te first tyme   #
haue it
<P 128>
bot seeldom & +tat not wi+t-outen grete trauayle, si+ten after  #
+tei
schulen haue it whan +tei wile, as ofte as hem liki+t.          #
Ensaumple
of +tis we haue of Moyses, +tat first bot seeldome, & nou+gt    #
wi+t-outen
grete trauayle in +te mounte, mi+gt not see +te maner of +te
arke; and si+ten after, as ofte as hym likid, sawe it in +te    #
vaale.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE +TRE AND SEUENTY CHAPITRE.}]

   +Tre men +ter weren +tat most principaly medelid hem wi+t    #
+tis
arke of +te Olde Testament: Moyses, Be+geleel, Aaron. Moyses
lernid in +te mounte of oure Lorde how it schuld be maad.       #
Be+geleel
wrou+gt it & maad it in +te vaale, after +te ensaumple +tat was
schewid in +te mounteyne. And Aaron had it in kepyng in +te     #
temple,
to fele it & see it as ofte as hym likid.
   At +te licnes of +tees +tre, we profite on +tre maners in    #
+tis grace
of contemplacion. Somtyme we profite only by grace, and +tan we
ben licnid vnto Moises, +tat for alle +te clymbyng & +te        #
trauaile +tat
he had into +te mounte, mi+gt not com to se it bot seeldom;     #
and +git
was +tat si+gt only by +te schewyng of oure Lorde whan hym      #
likid to
schewe it, and not for any deseert of hie trauayle. Somtyme we
profite in +tis grace by oure owne goostly slei+gt, holpyn      #
wi+t grace,
and +tan ben we licnid to Be+geleel, +te whiche mi+gt not se    #
+te arke er
+te tyme +tat he had mad it by his owne trauayle, holpen wi+t   #
+te
ensaumple +tat was schewid vnto Moises in +te mounte. And       #
somtyme
we profite in +tis grace by o+ter mens teching. & +tan
<P 129>
ben we licnid to Aaron, +te whiche had it in keping and in      #
costume
to see & fele +te arke when hym list, +tat Be+geleel had        #
wrou+gt
& maad redy before to his handes.
   Lo! goostly freende, in +tis werk, +tof it be childly &      #
lewdely
spoken, I bere, +tof I be a wreche vnwor+ti to teche any        #
creature,
+te ofice of Be+geleel, makyng & declaryng in maner to +tin     #
handes
+te maner of +tis goostly arke. Bot fer betir and more          #
wor+tely +ten I
do, +tou maist worche +gif +tou wilt be Aaron; +tat is to sey,  #
contynuely
worching +ter-in for +tee & for me. Do +ten so, I prey +tee,
for +te loue of God Almi+gty. And si+ten we ben bo+te clepid    #
of God to
worche in +tis werk, I beseche +tee for Goddes loue fulfille    #
in +ti
partye +tat lacki+t of myne.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE FOURE AND SEUENTI CHAPITRE.}]

   And +gif +tee +tink +tat +tis maner of worching be not       #
acordyng to +ti
disposicion in body & in soule, +tou maist leue it, & take      #
ano+ter
sauely wi+t good goostly counseile wi+t-outyn blame. And +tan I
beseche +tee +tat +tou wilt haue me excusid; for trewly I       #
wolde haue
profitid vnto +tee [{in +tis writyng{] at my simple kunnyng, &  #
+tat was
myn entent. And +terfore rede ouer twyes or +tries; & euer +te  #
ofter
+te betir, & +te more +tou schalt conceyue +ter-of; in so       #
moche,
parauenture, +tat sum clause +tat was ful harde to +tee at +te  #
first or
+te secound redyng, si+ten after +tee schal +tink it ful li+gt.
   +Ge! and it semi+t inpossible to myn vnderstonding +tat any  #
soule
+tat is disposid to +tis werk schuld rede it, or speke it, or   #
elles
here it red or spoken, bot +gif +tat same soule schuld fele     #
for +tat
tyme a verrey acordaunce to +te effecte of +tis werk. And       #
+tan, +gif +tee
<P 130>
+tink it do+t +tee good, +tank God hertly, & for Goddes loue    #
prey for
me. 
   Do +tan so. And I prey +tee for Godes loue +tat +tou late    #
none see
+tis book, bot if it be soche one +tat +tee +tink is liche to   #
+te book;
after +tat +tou fyndest wreten in +te book before, where it     #
telli+t
what men & when +tei schuld worche in +tis werk. And +gif +tou  #
schalt
late any soche men see it, +ten I preie +tee +tat +tou bid hem  #
take
hem tyme to loke it al ouer. For parauenture +ter is som mater
+ter-inne, in +te beginnyng or in +te middes, +te whiche is     #
hanging & 
not fully declarid +tere as it stonde+t. Bot +gif it be not     #
+tere, it is
sone after, or elles in +te eende. And +tus +gif a man sawe o   #
partye and
not ano+ter, parauenture he schuld li+gtly be led into errour.  #
&
+terfore I preye +tee do as I sey +tee.
   And +gif +tee +tenk +tat +ter be any mater +ter-in +tat      #
+tou woldest
haue more openid +tan it is, late me wetyn whiche it is & +ti   #
conceyte
+ter-apon; and at my simple kunnyng it schal be amendid +gif
I kan.
   Fleschly iangelers, glosers & blamers, roukers & rouners, &  #
alle
maner of pynchers, kept I neuer +tat +tei sawe +tis book; for   #
myn
entent was neuer to write soche +ting to hem. & +terfore I      #
wolde
not +tat +tei herde it, nei+ter +tei no none of +tees corious   #
lettrid ne
lewid men, +ge! al-+tof +tei be ful good men in actyue leuyng;  #
for it 
acorde+t not to hem.

[}HERE BIGINNI+T +TE FIUE AND SEUENTY CHAPITRE.}]

   Alle +too +tat redyn or heren +te mater of +tis book be red  #
or
<P 131>
spokin, & in +tis redyng or hering +tink it good & likyng       #
+ting,
ben neuer +te ra+ter clepid of God to worche in +tis werk,      #
only for
+tis likyng steryng +tat +tei fele in +te tyme of +tis redyng.  #
For
parauenture +tis steryng come+t more of a kyndely coriouste of
witte +ten of any clepyng of grace.
   Bot +gif +tei wil proue whens +tis steryng come+t, +tei      #
mowe proue
+tus, +gif hem liky+t. First lat hem loke +gif +tei haue done   #
+tat in hem
is before, ablyng hem +terto in clensyng of +teire concyence,   #
at
+te dome of Holi Chirche, +teire counseil acordyng. +Gif it be  #
+tus, weel
is in as moche. Bot +gif +tei wil wetyn more nere, lat hem      #
loke +gif
it be euermore presing in +teire mynde more costumabely +ten is
any o+ter of goostly excersise. And +gif hem +tink +tat +ter    #
is any
maner of +ting +tat +tei do, bodely or goostly, +tat is         #
sufficiently done
wi+t witnes of +teire concyence, bot +gif +tis priue litil      #
loue put be in
maner goostly +te cheef of alle +teire werk: and +gif +tei      #
+tus fele - +ten
it is a token +tat +tei ben clepid of God to +tis werk. &       #
sekirly elles
not.
   I say not +tat it schal euer laste & dwelle in alle +teire   #
myndes
contynowely +tat ben clepid to worche in +tis werk. Nay, so is  #
it
nou+gt. For from a +gong goostly prentys in +tis werk +te       #
actueel
felyng +ter-of is oft-tymes wi+tdrawen for diuers skyles;       #
somtyme
for he schal not take ouer homely +ter-apon & wene +tat it be   #
in
grete party in his owne power, to haue it when him list & as    #
him
list. & soche a wenyng were pride. And euermore whan +te        #
felyng of
grace is wi+tdrawen, pride is +te cause: not euer pride +tat    #
is, bot
<P 132>
pride +tat schuld be, ne were +tat +tis feling of grace were    #
wi+tdrawen.
and +tus wenyn oft-tymes som +gong foles +tat God is +teire
enemye; when he is +teire ful freende.
   Somtyme it is wi+tdrawen for +teire rechelesnes; and when    #
it is
+tus, +tei fele sone after a ful bitter pyne +tat beti+t hem    #
ful sore.
Somtyme oure Lorde wil delaye it be a cauteel, for he wol bi    #
soche
a delaiing make it growe & be had more in deintee, when it is
newe founden & felt a+gein, +tat longe had be lost. And +tis    #
is one of +te
rediest & souereynist tokin +tat a soule may haue to wite bi,
whe+ter he be clepid or not to worche in +tis werk: +gif he     #
fele after
soche a delaying & a longe lackyng of +tis werk, +tat when it   #
come+t
sodenly as it do+t, vnpurchasid wi+t any mene, +tat he ha+t     #
+tan a
gretter feruour of desire & gretter loue-longing to worche in   #
+tis
werk, +tan euer he had any before, in so mochel, +tat oftymes I
trowe he ha+t more ioie of +te fynding +ter-of, +ten euer he    #
had
sorow of +te lesing. And +gif it be +tus, sekirly it is a       #
tokin verrey wi+t-outyn
errour +tat he is clepid of God to worche in +tis werk,         #
what-so-euer
+tat he be or ha+t ben.
   For not what +tou arte, ne what +tou hast ben, beholde+t     #
God wi+t
his mercyful i+ge; bot +tat +tou woldest be. And Seinte         #
Gregory to
witnes +tat 'alle holy desires growen bi delaies; and +gif      #
+tei wany[{n{]
bi delaies, +ten were +tei neuer holy desires'. For he +tat     #
feli+t euer
les ioye and les in newe fyndinges & sodeyn presentacions of    #
his olde
purposid desires, +tof al +tei mowe be clepid kyndely desires   #
to +te
<P 133>
goode, neuer+teles holy desires weren +tei neuer. Of +tis holy  #
desire
speki+t Seint Austyne and sei+t +tat 'al +te liif of a good     #
Cristen man
is not elles bot holi desire'.
   Farewel, goostly freende, in Goddes blessing & myne! And I
beseche Almi+gti God +tat trewe pees, hole counseil, & goostly
coumforte in God wi+t habundaunce of grace, euirmore be wi+t    #
+tee
and alle Goddes louers in eer+te. Amen. 



<B CMHANSYN>
<Q M2/3 IR RELT HS>
<N HANDLYNG SYNNE>
<A MANNYNG ROBERT>
<C M2/3>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1350-1450>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V VERSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MANNYNG, ROBERT.
ROBERT OF BRUNNE'S "HANDLYNG SYNNE", PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 119.
ED. F. J. FURNIVALL.
LONDON, 1901.
PP. 7.171     - 13.338         (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 63.1741   - 69.1916        (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 116.3353  - 122.3552       (SAMPLE 3) 
PP. 158.4739  - 161.4862       (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 182.5573  - 194.6000       (SAMPLE 5)
PP. 317.10159 - 321.10319      (SAMPLE 6)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>   
<P 7>
[} [\THE TALE OF THE TEMPTED MONK.\] }]
[}A TALE}] 

Hyt was onys a munke, and had a celle
In a wyldernes, for to dwelle;
+Tys munke of relygyoun
Had a grete temptacyoun;
He was so temptyd with lecherye,
He +gede fro hys celle to seke folye; 
He dede hym sone to a cyte,
In-to egypte, +tat yche cuntre.
And, as he cam yn a strete,
with a womman he gan mete;
Hys flesshe on here was so abeyted,
+Tat +tyke womman he coueytyd.
To here fadyr swy+te he +gede,
And asked here to haue yn dede.
Here fadyr was prest of sarysyne;
In maummetry he leued ynne.
   +Te prest seyd +te munke vn-to,
<P 8>
As my god wyl, so wyl y do.
She shal noght to any be sette
Withoutyn leue of my maumette.
The munke seyd he graunted weyl
Aftyr hys maumette to do euery deyl.
   +Te sarysyne to hys god +gede,
And askede cunseyl of swyche a dede,
+Gyf he were of +te munke payde,
Or, +te +gyfte shulde be delayde.'
   +Tan answered hys termagaunt,
"+Gyue hym +ty doghtyr on +tys cunnaunt,
+Tat he forsake, quyte clene,
God of heuene and hys bapteme,
And alle +te godenesse of hys munkhede;
+tese +tre forsake, mote he nede;
And +gyf he forsake hem apertly,
+Gyue hym +ty dou+gtyr hardely".
   +Tys prest come to +te munke, & tolde
what he seyd, and what he wolde;
'And +gyf he wolde forsake +tese +tre,
Hys dougtyr shulde hys owne be.'
   She was so moche yn hys +toght;
Had he here, he rou+gte of noghte.
Alas! Ihesus he forsoke,
And +te crystyndom +tat he toke,
And +te state of relygyoun,
And chese hys Dampnacyun.
   Certys he dede grete outrage,
To make +te deuyl so moche omage.
<P 9>
whan he had grauntede al hys folye,
Out of hys mou+te he say flye
A dowue vn-to +te fyrmament;
+Te holy gost +tan from hym went.
   +Te sarysyne wente to hys maumet,
And tolde hym how +te munke had het:
"+Tese +tre +tynges he wyl forsake;
Shal y, hym my dou+gtyr take?
Sey +tou me +te certeyn of alle,
whe+ter y shal, or y ne shalle."
+Te maumet answeryd hastyly,
"Y warne +te for enchesoun why;
+Togh he forsake hys god for euere,
Hys god forsake+t hym neuere,
For he ys euer ful of pyte; 
Men clepyn hym god of cristianite;
For +gyf he wyl hym mercy craue,
Redyly mercy shal he haue;
+Tou+ge he to-day fro hys god weyue,
To-morwe hys god wyl hym receyue.
+Tarfor, y forbede +te weyl,
Ne dele with hym neuer a deyl."
   +Te prest vnto +te munke went
And seyd, "y haue commaundement
+Tat y ne shal dele with +te,
Ne my doghtyr +ty wyfe to be;
For +ty god ys of swych manere,
+Togh +tou forsake hym ryght now here,
To-morwe mayst +tou com a+geyn,
<P 10>
And make with hym acorde certeyn;
+Togh +tou haue do neuer so ylle
+Gyt wyl he graunte +te hys gode wylle.
My god me bad on none wyse
To dele with +te, ne none of hyse."
   +Te munke rependyd hym +tan, and +toght,
"Alas!" he seyd, "what have y wroght
+Tat y shulde euer hym forsake
+Tat ys so redy me efte to take.
+Ty mercy, god, ys mochyl to telle;
when y see a maumet of helle
+Tat neuer +gyt loued +te,
He speky+t of +ty mochyl pyte.
Se+tyn +tou art so mylde and meke
+Ty mochyl mercy wyl y seke;
Here y forsake +tat y toke,
To hym y me betake +tat y forsoke."
   Se+tyn he +gede to an ermyte,
And shrofe hym of hys synne astyte;
And tolde hym +tat he had y-doun,
Forsaken god and hys relygyoun.
+tys forsayde ermyte ful sory was
+Tat he had do so grete trespas;
No+teles, he bad hym dwelle
+Tre wokys with hym yn his celle;
For hys synne he shulde +tan faste,
And yn preyers wel to laste.
   +tys yche munke +tat was so madde,
Dyde ryght as +te ermyte badde.
+tey preyden bo+te +tat seueny+gt
<P 11> 
To god, for hys mochel my+gt,
+tat he wulde haue of hym mercy;
+tus preyd +tey bo+te specyaly.
   At +te fyrste seueny+gt ende,
+te ermyte seyd, "bro+ter hende,
Hast +tou any grace see
Yn +ty preyers as +tou hast be?"
"+ge," he seyde, "y sagh a syght
Yn +te lykenes of a dowues flyght,
Aboue me yn +te firmament,
Of +tat dowue +tat fro me went."
+Te ermyte +toght +tan astyte
+Tat hyt was +te same spyryte
+Tat went from hym when he began
God forsake for +tat womman.
   To gret penaunce eft he hym toke
For hys cristyndom +tat he forsoke;
+Gyt a woke he badde hym faste
For his flessh +tat hym downe caste,
+tat no more +turghe lecherye
He fordo hys grace so gretly.
   +Tys ermyte preyed nyght and day
+tat hys penaunce were take to pay.
whan +tey had preyde day & nyght
Alle +tat woke yn goddys syght,
+Tys ermyte seyd, "benedicite;
Bro+ter," he seyd, "how +tenke+t +te?"
"weyl," he seyd, "+turgh goddys grace,
+Te dowue ha+t be byfore my face,
And, a whyle, stylle by me stode;
+Te syght +tere-of dyde me gode."
<P 12>
"+Tat ys weyl, wy+t goddys wylle,
Dwelle +gyt with me a woke stylle,
And be yn +tyn afflyccyouns,
Yn fastyng and yn orysouns:
And y. shal prey also with +te
+Tat god bo+te here me and +te."
   Stedfastlych +tey preyd a-none
Tyl +tat woke were alle gone.
At +te woke ende, spake +te ermyte
And asked +te munke of +te spyryte.
+Te munke seyde, "y haue hyt seyn,
And on my hede syttyn and beyn;
y sagh hyt so mylde and spake,
+Tat with my hande y myght hyt take;
Me +toght hyt was +tat fro me steye,
A+geyn yn-to my mou+te hyt fleye."
+Te ermyte +tanked god almyght
+Tat +gafe hym grace to see +tat sy+gt.
"Now art +tou clene," he seyde, "of synne,
+te holy goste ys +te withynne:
kepe +te now fro swych a kas,
A+gen god no more to trespas."
   By +tys ensample may +ge see
+Tat god ys euer ful of pyte;
+Togh a man hym onys forsake,
Eft wyl god a+gen hym take
+Gyf he with herte wyl mercy crye
And do penaunce for hys folye.
Blessed be he among vs here,
+Tat he loue+t vs alle so dere.
<P 13>
   Go we now fyr+ter on oure pas
And telle more of oure trespas. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 63>
[} [\THE TALE OF THE ADULTEROUS WIFE, 
WHOSE SKELETON SPLIT IN TWO.\] }]

+Ter ys an Ile be-+gunde +te see,
+Ter men were wunt wonyng to be;
+Tys yche yle wax al waste,
And +te folk drogh +ten yn haste;
So with-ynne a lytyl whyle
Men helde hyt a forsakyn yle.
Se+t+te, wonede +tere a dragun,
+Tat dede many man confusyun;
Men and wommen faste he slogh,
And dede ouer al shame ynogh;
Al +tat he fonde with-oute house
+Tys dragun slogh so merueylouse;
So moche folke gan he quelle,
Men seyd he was a fende of helle.
Alle +te folk of +tat cuntre
Cunseyled hem what +tat myght be;
+Tey armyde hem alle at here myght,
A+gens +te dragun for to fyght,
But noun of hem myght vndyrstande
Where +te dragun was wonande.
Befel +gyt, +tat yche tyde,
An ermyte wonede +tere besyde,
A gode man and ry+gt certeyn,
Dwelled besyde +tat wasteyn, - 
<P 64>
One of hem +gaf cunseyl tyte,
+Tat +tey shulde go to +tat Ermyte,
And aske cunseyl of swyche a dede
In hope alle +te bettyr to spede.
whan +tey hadde tolde hym alle here dere,
+Tys was +tan +te ermytys answere: - 
"+Gyf +ge wyl wepe for +goure synne,
And shryue +gow clene, and +terof blynne,
And graunte me +tat +ge shul faste,
And yn preyers wel to laste,
Perauenture +ge may be al-eggyd,
And sum of +goure sorow abreggyd."
   To do alle +tat +te ermyte bad,
+Tey grauntede alle, & were ry+gt glad.
+Te ermyte seyde, "+ge shul be
In penaunce +tre days with me;
And, aftyr +te +tre days ende,
To +gow shal y come or sende."
   Alle +te folk went home +tere weye;
+Te ermyte hys preyere began to seye,
"Ihesu cryst, god almyghty,
Of +tys folk haue +tou mercy,
+Tat +tou boghtyst on rode so dere;
For hem shewe me on sum manere
where y may +te dragun fynde,
And hys power, lorde, +tou bynde,
+Tat +te folk may knowe and se
+Te mercy and +te my+gt of +te."
   Whan he hadde preyde hys orysun
Long yn grete afflyccyun,
<P 65>
God sagh alle hys entent,
And hys aungel to hym he sent
For to teche hym +te way
+Tedyr +tere +te dragun lay.
+Te aungel seyde to +te ermyte,
"Do sumne +te folk astyte,
+Tat +tey come alle hedyr
Before +te, echone to gedyr.
Y shal be +goure al+ter ledere,
+Tat +te dragun +gow nat dere."
   +Te folk  echone +tedyr com;
+Te aungel before hem gan gon,
And led hem to +tat wasteyn
+Tat sum tyme was a stede certeyn.
Vnto a place +tey +gede echone,
And +tere +tey fonde a tumbe of stone.
+Te aungel bad hem lyfte vp +te lydde;
And as he bad, ry+gt so +tey dydde.
"here, he seyde, ys hys wonnyng
with ano+ter wykked +tyng;
Drede +gow noght +to+gt he be fownde,
For all hys power haue y bownde."
whan +tey had +te toumbe o twynne,
+Te folk stode and loked with-ynne.
+Tey sagh a womman +tere vyly lye,
And here body cloue yn twey partye;
Betwyxe +to twey partys +te dragun lay,
Gresly to se grete affray.
<P 66>
Grete wndyr was hyt to see;
+Tey asked alle what hyt my+gt be,
And why hyt was, and where-fore,
+Tat +te dragun lay so +tore;
And what manere she synned so,
+Tat here body was cloue yn two.
   he shewede +tan vnto hem alle,
For what synne +tat sorow gan falle.
"+Tys womman," he seyd, "+tat here lys,
And ys departyd yn two partys,
She was weddyd, and here wedlak
Ful falsly an on-truly brak,
whan she was o flessh and blode
with hym +tat here to-keyn loue gode;
+turgh matrymony, +te sacrament,
were two o flessh made be assent,
holy togedyr for to leue
And noun fro ou+ter hys flesh may +gyue.
But +tys womman +tat +tus ys shent,
She brak +te holy sacrament;
here flesh she +gaf, o party
yn hordam and yn lechery,
A-no+ter party to here husbonde,
+Tat for shame ne my+gt she wonde.
And, for +tat yche vyleyns synne,
Ys here body partyd a-twynne;
And betwyx +te twey partys,
For veniaunce, +te dragun lys.
Alas +te tyme +tat she was bore!
with-outyn ende she ys lore."
<P 67>
+Te aungel seyd, "y comaunde +te,
Dragun, henne +tat +tou fle,
+tat +tou neuer any man noye
No +tys cuntre no more dystroye;
No +tat +tou come no more here
yn +tys stede for to apere."
And a-none, for drede and eye,
+Te dragun fleygh fur+t hys weye.
+Te folk +tanked god echone,
+Tat +te dragun aweye was gone.
   wommen +tat breke wedlak, mow yn +tys tale
Here, +tat +tey brew to hemself bale.
For +te foule dragun, +te fende of helle,
wy+t hem yn peyne shal euer dwelle
+tat half here flesh haue partyd or brokun
+Tat holy yn matrymony was lokun.
   +Gyf +ter be twey yn cumpany
As be+t yn wedlak specyaly,
And +te toon do a+gens spousayle 
wherefore felaushepe may fayle,
But +te to+ter wyl hym blame
whan he wote hys foule fame,
he consenty+t to hys synne
But he desturble hym +ter-ynne.
   +Gyf +tou wendest oute of cuntre,
A+gens +ty wyuys wyl to be,
But she mow wone yn +tat stede
<P 68>
To haue +ty fleshly felawrede,
+Gyf +tou do hyt a+gens her wyl 
Certeynly +tou synnyst ful yl.
+Gyf +tou hyt do to holde +te chaste
wy+t-oute here wyl, +tou werchyst waste.
For but hyt be for grete resun,
+Gyf she mysdo, +tou art enchesun.
   +Gyf +tou louyst to haue +ty wyfe
Yn clennes and yn gode lyfe,
vpbreyde here neuer for gelusye
Of no mannys cumpanye;
For +gyf +tou dost, +tan wyl she do
+tyng +tat she neuer +toghte to do.
Men sey, +ter a man ys gelous,
+Tat +ter ys a kokewolde at hous.
Many a gode man ys kokewolde;
+Tere +te wyfe ys a shrewe, +ter ys wykked holde.
But where +te wyfe ha+t gelousye
+Tere be+t wrdys grete and hye;
here mayster shal nagher go ne sytte
+Tat she ne shal wommen on hym wytte.
+Tan ys +tere chydyng and boste,
+Tere ys nat +te holy goste;
For no +tyng Ihesu cryst more queme+t
+Tan loue yn wedlak, +tere men hyt +gemy+t;
Ne no +tyng ys to man so dere
As wommanys loue yn gode manere.
A gode womman ys mannys blys
+Tere here loue ry+gt and stedfast ys;
<P 69>
+Tere ys no solas vndyr heuene
Of al +tat a man may neuene,
+Tat shuld a man so moche glew
As a gode womman +tat loue+t trew.
Ne derer ys none yn goddys hurde
+Tan a chaste womman with louely wrde;
Ensample haue y +terof ful fayre
yn +te lyfe of seynt Makayre. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 116>
[} [\THE TALE OF THE KNIGHT AND 
MONK WHO LOVD NEW FASHIONS.\] }]

+Ter was a kny+gt +tat loued nouelrye,
As many one haunte now +tat folye;
<P 117>
he dede to make, yn +te somers tyde,
A kote perced queyntly with pryde;
And God was nat +ter-of payd,
For yn hys pryde he was betrayd.
   +Tys kny+gt +gede, vpp-on a day,
Aboute roberye, to gete hys pray;
Homward as he hys pray ledde
with hys enmys he was bestedde;
with fors +tey gun with hym fyght,
And slogh +tere +tys yche kny+gt.
+Te kny+gtys frendys herde seye
how he was slayn by +te weye;
Ful feyre +tan gun +tey for hym werche,
+Tey byryed +te body feyre at +te cherche;
hys frendys departed hys katel
Among +te pore men, and +tat was wel.
whan +tey come at +te kote gysyng,
To dele hyt among hys ou+ter +tyng,
Before +te pore men hyt was broght;
+Te pore men seyd +tey wulde hyt no+gt.
A clerk stode +to +tere be syde,
And, prayd for +te kote of pryde.
To werne hyt hym, +tey +toght lo+te;
+Tey toke and +gaue +tys clerk +te clo+te.
+Tys clerk was glad whan he hyt hadde;
+Tys kote asswy+te on hym he cladde.
   Se now here a grete myschaunce
Come ry+gt as for veniaunce:
Ry+gt as he was yn +te kote al dyght,
A fyre brennyng on hym gan lyght,
And brend hys body dounne to +te grounde
whylys oght of hym my+gt be founde.
   +Ter shewed God weyl by +tat kas
<P 118>
+Tat +te kote a-cursed was,
And tokened wel sorowe and wrake,
+Tat none pore man wulde hyt take
For pryde of +te newe gyse
A+gens crystyn mennys wyse;
But +te clerk was wode al gate
To were a clo+te a+gens hys state.
here mow +ge se +tat god ys wroth
with hem +tat dysgyse here clo+te.
   And a clerk ys moche for to blame
+Tat bryngy+t hym self yn foule fame,
Clerk ordeyned yn dignyte
+Tat haunte+t swyche Iolyte;
No+teles, of +te newe gyse
+Te deuyl ha+t made hymself chefe iustyse;
And +gyf he yn folye begynne to stoute,
+Tan bere+t he +te deuylys baner aboute;
Moche folk ys +terwy+t blent;
God do +terof amendment.
   +Gyf +tou haue grete desyre
To be clepyd lorde or syre,
For to glose +te, and slyppe,
And to haue +te wurdys of wurschyp;
Or +ge wymmen also, comunly,
wulde be kallede 'madame' or 'lady;'
Al +tys com+t  of grete pryde;
yn +ty shryfte +tou noght hyt hyde.
he ys ry+gt lorde, +te kyng of heuene;
wrong hyt ys +tat men any o+ter neuene.
   +Gyf +tou delyte +te yn grete meyne,
For men shulde haue drede of +te,
And for +ty meyne wuldyst preysed be,
+gyf harme to o+ter  +tan do +tat meyne,
+Tou for +ty meyne shalt dampned be
+Gyf +tou to euyl vowe +ty meyne.
   +Gyf +tou delyte +te yn grete hallys,
<P 119>
Yn a foule pryde +tan +tou fallys;
For y se many +tat nowe +tey bygge,
And now sone, dede +tey lygge.
y sey for +to +tat haue grete pryde
yn hygh hallys and yn wyde.
+Gyf +tou delyte +te yn ryche beddyng,
yn hors, yn harneys, or yn feyre rydyng,
Alle ys pryde and vanyte;
Of al shalt +tou a-couped be.
   Y seyd langere, yn gode cunnaunt,
Euery man haue to hys auenaunt,
Cytes, tounnes, castellys, and hallys,
hors, armour, and +tat +tar to fallys;
But, yn al +tat moche +trong,
Do holy cherche, ne pore man, wrong.
   what sey +ge men of ladyys pryde
+Tat gone traylyng ouer syde:
+Gyf a lady were ryghtly shreue, 
Better hyt were yn almes +geue;
To soule helpe hyt my+gt do bote,
+Tat trayle+t lowe vndyr +te fote.
wymples, kerchyues, saffrund betyde;
+Gelugh vnder +gelugh +tey hyde;
+Tan wete men neuer, whe+ter ys whe+ter,
+te +gelugh wymple or +te le+ter.
   wymmen +tat go fro strete to strete,
One or ou+ter for to mete,
Of pryde com+t swyche desyre,
<P 120>
For +tey haue on hem feyre atyre:
But she wul to +te prest +tat telle,
She may +terfore go to helle;
For yn as moche +tat she dou+t men synne,
yn so moche shal she haue plyght ynne.
   And, wymmen, y seye of +to
+Tat borwe clo+tes yn carol to go;
+Tat pore pryde, god hyt lo+tes,
+Tat make hem proude of ou+ter mennys clo+tys.
   +Gyf +tou hast spoke wurdys of pryde,
And lettyst ou+ter men any tyde
Of here bedys and of here fastyng,
Or of any ou+ter holy +tyng,
Or of any ou+ter gode dede,
to telle hyt +te prest, behoue+t +te nede.
   +Gyf +tou euer lette began 
+Tat was wurshep to god or man,
As yn cherche to synge or rede,
Or of sum o+ter holy dede;
Or also for boste or for pryde,
with prest or with clerk to chyde,
+Turgh +tat pryde +tou fallyst yn synne,
And cursednes +terwith to wynne.
   Also +tat clerk ys moche to blame
+Tat lette+t to shaue hys krowne for shame;
Y rede +tat he yn tyme hyt shaue,
For he wote neuer what nede he shal +terto haue.
   +Gyf +tou yn ernest, or yn game,
yn scorne blessedyst Goddys name;
Or +gyf +tou were so wundyrly proude
+Tat +tou mysseydyst God al aloude,
For any chaunce +tat may betyde
Skorne nat God, ne wy+t hym chyde:
<P 121>
More pryde, no more synne,
+Tan skorne god, mayst +tou falle ynne.
   +Gyf +tou grucchedest, and seydyst noght,
But to God haddyst euyl +toght,
wete +tou wel, hyt ys grete pryde,
Grucchyng with God, or for to chyde.
   +Gyf a man haue mysdo or seyde,
And men hym blame for +tat mysbreyde,
+Gyf he susteyne hys mysdede,
And hys mysawe wyl nat drede,
+Tat cum+t of mysprout herte and hy
+Tat wyl nat knowe hys owne foly.
Of al folyys +tat beryn name,
+Tys foly ys moste for to blame;
who-so-euer to +tys ys custummable,
hys amendment may neuer be stable.
   what sey men of +tese loseniours
+Tat haue here wurdys feyre as flours?
Now ys +te floure whyte and rede,
And now hyt ys bo+te drye and dede.
+Te losenioure spek+t now +ty pay,
And behynde +ty bak hyt ys away.
+Tere one ha+t smylyng semelaunt
And behety+t +te to holde cunnaunt,
kepe +te +tan fro losengrye,
For feyre spekyng man kan weyl lye.
who-so-euer ys custummable to banne
For pryde, sum tyme or whanne,
+Te apostyl sey+t +tat he may noght
Vn-to +te blysse of heuene be broght.
   A-no+ter spyce hyt ys of pryde,
who so haunte+t for to chyde.
For holy cherche forbede+t +te
To chyde wy+t any of +ty meyne.
Teche hym ferst, yn feyre manere;
<P 122>
And +gyf he wyl nat with feyre lere,
+Tan mayst +tou speke stoutly to hym,
with-oute wra+t+te, wurdys ful grym,
+Tat he be chasted at +ty fre wylle,
But +tat +tou bere yn herte none ylle.
Chydyng cum+t of herte hy,
And grete pryde, and vylany.
   A-nou+ter spyce +ter ys +tat moche deres,
+Tat ys, +tese cursed bakbyteres.
Of al men, +tey do most euyl,
here lorefadyr ys +te deuyl.
+Te fende vs bewreye+t of oure synne
whan he ha+t made vs fal +ter-ynne.
So are +tese bakbyters wunne,
+Tey seye +te werst +tat +tey kunne;
Euer behynde a mannys bak,
with euyl +tey fynde hym to lak.
Swyche men god almy+gty hatys
And with here foule synne hym wlatys.
Seynt Austyn speky+t of swyche +tynges
yn a boke of lesyngys.
No custummable bakbytyng
God for+geue+t, ne no lesyng,
+Tat +tou +tarfore shalt algate drye
Sum manere peyne for euery lye;
As +te lesyng ys lesse or more,
Shalt +tou suffre peyne +tar-fore.
And +tat may weyl preuyd be
with a tale of an autoryte,
+Tat moche peyne shal he bere
wy+t-oute ende, +te bakbytere;
And y shal telle +gou a lyte
Of one +tat coude hys felaus byte. 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 158>
[} [\A TALE OF BISHOP ST. ROBERT
GROSTEST OF LINCOLN, AND WHY 
HE LOVD MUSIC.\] }] 

Y shall +gow telle, as y haue herd,
Of +te bysshope Seynt Roberd;
Hys toname ys 'Grostest
Of Lynkolne', so sey+t +te gest.
he loued moche to here +te harpe,
For mannys wytte hyt maky+t sharpe;
Next hys chaumbre, besyde hys stody,
Hys harpers chaumbre was fast +terby.
Many tymes, be ny+gtys and dayys,
He had solace of notes and layys.
One asked hym onys, resun why
he hadde delyte yn mynstralsy:
he answerede hym on +tys manere,
why he helde +te harper so dere,
"+Te vertu of +te harpe, +turgh skylle & ry+gt,
wyl destroye +te fendes my+gt,
And to +te croys by gode skylle
Ys +te harpe lykened weyle.
   Ano+ter poynt cumforte+t me,
+Tat God ha+t sent vnto a tre
So moche ioye to here with eere;
Moche +tan more ioye ys +tere
with God hym-selfe, +tere he wonys;
+Te harpe +terof me ofte mones;
Of +te ioye and of +te blys
where God hym-self wonys and ys.
+Tare-for, gode men, +ge shul lere,
whan +ge any glemen here,
To wurschep God at +goure powere,
As Dauyd sey+t yn +te sautere,
"yn harpe, yn thabour, and symphan gle,
wurschepe God, yn troumpes, and sautre,
<P 159>
yn cordys, an organes, and bellys ryngyng,
yn al +tese, wurschepe +ge heuene kyng."
+Gyf +ge do +tus, y sey hardly,
+Ge mow here +goure mynstralsy.
   +Gyf +tou lygge long yn synne,
And wylt nat ryse, ne +terof blynne,
Certeynly, for euery oure
+Tou shalt +gelde a-counte ful soure;
For euery oure +tat +tou +teryn lay
Yn purgatorye +tou gest +ty pay.
Hyt ys sloghnes, and kalled 'accyde,'
Fro Goddys seruyse so long +te hyde.
   And some, alle +te +gere wyllyn abyde
Of shryfte tyl +te lentyn tyde;
And nygh tyl lentyn be al gone
Mede for fastyng gete +tey none;
+Tat ys, for sloghnes +tey wyl nat ryse;
lyggyng yn synne, ys lore seruyse.
   And, sum men, yn alle here lyue,
Clenly ne wyle +tey hem shryue;
For +tey synne alle yn hope of grace,
At here endyng wene +tey haue space;
+tan +tenke +tey to shryne hem clene:
To swyche men,God shewe+t hys tene.
Hyt ys seyd al day, for +tys skyl,
"he +tat wyl nat whan he may,
He shal nat, when he wyl, [{haue pay{] ."
And +ter by+t many one ful euyl to wynne
To any godenes fro vyle synne;
Euyl tokyn hyt ys of swyche a man,
God hym deme; for y ne kan.
   And +tyr are ou+ter +tat mys dous,
As a best, for defaute +tat go+t lous.
But whan men teche hem +te wey,
And +tey wyl do as men hem sey;
<P 160>
A tokyn hyt ys, +tey shul haue grace
To come to God, and haue space.
And he may hope of euyl endyng
+Tat none may to Gode brynge.
   A slogh messagere, hys wylland,
+Tat charged ys wy+t lordes erand,
+Gyf he go nat as he ys sent,
He ys wur+ty to be shent.
Man +tat wel spedy+t hym yn dede,
And messager smart at nede,
+Tey shul stonde byfore +te kyng,
And haue mede to here askyng.
   A persone ys slogh yn holy cherche
+Tat on hys shepe wyl nat werche
How +tey shul hem-self[{e{] +geme,
And God and holy cherche to queme.
+Te hyghe shepard shal hym blame,
how he late+t hem go to shame.
   +Gyf he se yn any +tyng
+Tat +tey haue defaute of chastysyng,
But he teche hem and chastyse so
+Tat +tey forward better do,
For hem he shal, at +te assyse,
Be ponysshed before +te hygh Iustyse.
Also behoue+t hym, for hem pray,
+Tat God, of grace, wysse hem +te wey.
   +Gyf any of hem defaute has,
And he may helpe hem yn +tat kas,
And wyl nat, for vnkyndhede,
But late hem perysshe +ter for nede,
Ful harde a-counte shal he +gelde
+Tat he my+gt helpe whan he ne welde.
+Gyf he kyndly vndyrstode,
Of hem he ha+t al hys gode;
<P 161>
For, God sey+t yn +te gospel +tys,
Vpbreydyng hem when +tey do mys:
+Te mylke, +te wulle, +tey wyl receyue;
And sy+t+ten +te shepe +tey wyle late weyue.
Holy wryte swyche men holdes
As wylde wulues brekyng foldes.
Swyche a persone ys ful slogh,
Be he hygh, or be he logh.
   Man or womman +tat ha+t a chylde
+Tat wy+t vn+tewys wexy+t wylde,
+Tat wyl bo+te myssey and do
Chastysment behoue+t +tarto;
But +ge hem chastyse at +goure my+gt,
+Ge falle, ellys, for hem yn ply+gt.
Better were +te chylde vnbore
+Tan fayle chastysyng, and sy+t+ten lore.
+Tus seyth +te wys kyng Salamonn
To men and wymmen euerychonn,
"wyle +ge +tat +goure chyldryn be a-ferd,
+Gyue+t hem +te smert ende of +te +gerde;"
And teche+t hem gode +tewys echone;
+Gyt dur +gow breke hem no bone.  

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 182>
[} [\THE TALE OF PERS THE USURER.\] }]

Seynt Ioun +te aumenere
Sey+t Pers was an okerere,
And was swy+te coueytous,
And a nygun and auarous,
And gadred pens vnto store
As okerers doun aywhore.
   Befyl hyt so, vp-on a day
+Tat pore men sate yn +te way,
And spred here hatren on here barme
A+gens +te sonne +tat was warme,
And rekened +te custome houses echoun,
At whych +tey had gode, and at whyche noun;
+Tere +tey hadde gode, +tey preysed weyl,
And +tere +tey hadde noght, neuer a deyl.
   As +tey spak of many what,
Come Pers for+t yn +tat gat:
+Tan seyd echoun +tat sate and stode,
'here com+t Pers, +tat neuer dyd gode!'
Echoun seyd to o+ter Iangland,
'+Tey toke neuer gode at Pers hand;
Ne noun pore man neuer shal haue,
Coude he neuer so weyl craue.'
   One of hem began to sey
"A waiour dar y wy+t +gow ley,
+Tat y shal haue sum gode at hym,
Be he neuer so gryl ne grym."
To +tat waiour +tey graunted alle,
To +gyue hym a +gyft +gyf so my+gt befalle.
<P 183>
+Tys man vp sterte, and toke +te gate,
Tyl he com, at Pers +gate.
As he stode stylle, and bode +te quede,
One come with an asse charged with brede;
+Tat yche brede Pers hade boght,
And to hys hous shuld hyt be broght.
He sagh Pers come +terwith-alle;
+Te pore +toght 'now aske y shal.'
"Y aske +te sum gode, pur charyte,
Pers, +gyf +ty wyl be."
   Pers stode, and loked on hym
Felunlyche with y+gen grym.
He stouped down to seke a stone,
But, as hap was, +tan fonde he none.
For +te stone he toke a lofe,
And at +te pore man hyf drofe.
+Te pore man hente hyt  vp belyue,
And was +terof ful ferly bly+te.
To hys felaws faste he ran
with +te lofe, +tys pore man,
"lo," he seyde, "what y haue
Of Pers +gyft, so God me saue!"
Nay, +tey swore by here +tryft,
Pers +gaue neuer swych a +gyft.
he seyd, "+ge shul weyl vndyrstonde
+Tat y hyt had, at Pers honde;
+Tat dar y swere on +te halydom
Here before +gow echoun."
Grete merueyle had +tey alle,
+Tat swych a chaunce my+gt hym befalle.
   +Te +trydde day, +tys wryte hyt ys,
Pers fyl yn a grete syknes;
And, as he lay yn hys bedde,
Hym +toght weyl, +tat he was ledde
<P 184>
with one +tat aftyr hym was sent,
To come vn-to hys Iugement.
   Before +te Iuge was he broght
To +gelde acounte how he hadde wroght.
Pers stode ful sore a-drad,
And, was abashed as mad;
He sagh a fende on +te to party,
Bewreyyng hym ful felunly;
Alle hyt was shewed hym before,
how he had lyued syn he wos bore;
And namely euery wykked dede
Syn fyrst he coude hym self lede;
why he hem dyd, and for what chesun,
Of alle behoue+t hym to +gelde a resoun.
   On +te tou+ter party stode men ful bry+gt,
+Tat wulde haue saued hym at here my+gt;
But +tey myght no gode fynde
+Tat my+gt hym saue or vnbynde.
+Te feyre men seyd "what ys to rede?
Of hym fynde we no gode dede
+tat God ys payd of, but of a lofe
+Te whych Pers at +te pore man drofe:
+gyt +gaue he hyt with no gode wylle,
But kast hyt aftyr hym with ylle;
For Goddys loue +gaue he hyt no+gt,
Ne for almes dede he hyt had +toght.
No+teles, +te pore man 
Had +te lofe of Pers +tan."
   +Te fende had leyd yn balaunce
Hys wykkede dedes and hys myschaunce;
+Tey leyd +te lofe a+gens hys dedys, - 
+Tey had no+gt elles, +tey mote nedys - 
+Te holy man telle+t vs, and seys,
+Tat +te lofe made euen peys.
   +Tan seyd +tese feyre men to Pers,
<P 185>
"+gyf +tou be wys, now +tou leres
How +tys lofe +te helpe+t at nede
To tylle +ty soule with almes dede."
   Pers, of hys slepe gan blynke,
And gretly on hys dreme gan +tynke - 
Syghyng with mornyng chere,
As man +tat was yn grete were, - 
How +tat he acouped was
with fendes fele for hys trespas,
And how +tey wulde haue dampned hym +tere,
+Gyf mercy of Ihesu Cryst ne were.
   Alle +tys yn hys herte he kast,
And to hym self he spak at +te laste,
"+Tat, for a lofe yn eueyl wylle
Halpe me yn so grete perel,
Moche wlde hyt helpe at nede,
with gode wyl do almes dede."
   Fro +tat tyme +tan wax Pers
A man of so feyre maners,
+Tat no man my+gt yn hym fynde,
But to +te pore bo+te meke and kynde;
A mylder man ne my+gt nat be,
Ne to +te pore, more of almes fre;
And reuful of herte also he was,
+Tat mayst +tou here lere yn +tys pas.
   Pers mette, vp-on a day,
A pore man, by +te way,
As naked as he was bore,
+Tat yn +te see had alle lore.
He come to Pers, +tere he stode,
And asked hym sum of hys gode, - 
Sumwhat of hys clo+tyng, - 
For +te loue of heuene kyng.
Pers, was of reuful herte,
<P 186>
He toke hys kyrtyl of, as smert,
And ded hyt on +te man aboue,
And bad hym were hyt for hys loue.
   +Te man hyt toke, and was ful bly+te;
He +gede and solde hyt asswy+te.
Pers stode and dyd beholde 
How +te man +te kyrtyl solde,
And was +tarwith ferly wro+te
+Tat he solde so sone hys clo+te;
He my+gt no lenger for sorow stande,
but +gede home ful sore gretand,
And seyd, 'hyt was an euyl sygne,
And +tat hym self was nat dygne
For to be yn hys preyere,
+Terfor nolde he +te kyrtyl were.'
   Whan he hadde ful long grete,
And a party +terof began lete; - 
For, comunlych aftyr wepe,
Fal men sone on slepe, - 
As Pers lay yn hys slepyng,
Hym +toght a feyre sweuenyng.
Hym +toght he was yn heuene ly+gt,
And of God he had a syght,
Syttyng yn hys kyrtyl clad
+Tat +te pore man of hym had,
And spak to hym ful myldely,
"why wepest +tou, and art sory?
Lo, Pers," he sayde, "+tys ys +ty cloth.
For he solde hyt, were +tou wroth;
Know hyt weyl, +gyf +tat +tou kan,
For me +tou +gaue hyt +te pore man.
+Tat +tou +gaue hym yn charyte,
Euery deyl +tou +gaue hyt me."
<P 187>
Pers of slepe oute breyde,
And +toght grete wunder, & se+ten seyd,
"Blessyd be alle pore men,
For God almy+gty loue+t hem;
And weyl ys hem +tat pore are here;
+Tey are with God, bo+te lefe and dere;
And y shal fonde, by ny+gt and day,
To be pore, +gyf +tat y may."
   Hastly he toke hys kateyl,
And +gaue hyt to pore men echedeyl.
Pers kalled to hym hys clerk
+Tat was hys notarye, and bade hym herk,
"Y shal +te shewe a pryuyte,
A +tyng +tat +tou shalt do to me;
y wyl +tat +tou no man hyt telle;
My body y take +te here to selle
To sum man, as yn bondage,
To lyue in pouert and yn seruage;
But +tou do +tus, y wyl be wroth,
And +tou and +tyne shal be me loth.
+Gyf +tou do hyt, y shal +te +gyue
Ten pownd of gold, wel with to lyue;
+To ten pownd y take +te here,
And me to selle on bonde manere;
Y ne recche vn-to whom,
But onlych he haue +te crystendom;
+Te raunsun +tat +tou shalt for me take, 
+Tarfore +tou shalt sykernes make,
For to +gyue hyt ble+tely and weyl
To pore men, euery deyl,
And withholde +terof no +tyng,
+Te mountouns of a fer+tyng."
   hys clerk was wo to do +tat dede,
<P 188>
But only for manas and for drede.
For drede Pers made hym hyt do,
And dede hym plyghte his trouthe +ter-to.
   Whan hys clerk had made hys othe,
Pers dede on hym a foule clothe;
Vnto a cherche bo+te +tey +gede
For to fulfylle hys wyl yn dede.
whan +tat +tey to +te cherche com,
"Lorde, +toght +te clerk, now whom
My+gt y fynde, +tys yche sele,
To whom y my+gt selle Pers wele!"
   +Te clerk loked euery where,
And at +te last, he knew where;
A ryche man +tat er had be
Specyal knowlych euer betwe,
But +turgh myschaunce at a kas
Alle hys gode y-lore was;
'+Gole,' +tus +tat man hyghte,
And knew +te clerk wel be syghte.
   +Tey spak of olde a-queyntaunce,
And +gole tolde hym of hys chaunce.
"+Ge," seyde +te clerk, "y rede +tou bye
A man to do +ty marchaundye,
+Tat +tou mayst holde yn seruage
To restore weyl +tyn dammage."  
   +Tan seyde +gole, "on swych chaffare
wulde y feyn my syluer ware."
+Te clerke seyd, "lo, one here,
A trew man an a dubonure,
+Tat wyl serue +te to pay,
Peyneble, al +tat he may.
'Pers,' shalt +tou calle hys name;
For hym shalt +tou haue moche frame.
he ys a man ful gracyous,
Gode to wynne vn-to +tyn hous,
And God shal +gyue +te hys blessyng,
<P 189>
And foysyn, yn alle +tyng."
   +Te clerk +gaue alle hys raunsun
To +te pore men of +te toun,
Plenerly, alle +tat he toke,
wy+thelde he nat a fer+tyng noke.
   +Te Emperoure sent hys messageres
alle aboute for to seke Pers,
But +tey ne my+gt neuer here
Of ryche Pers, +te tollere,
yn what stede he was nome,
No whydyrward he was become;
No +te clerk wuld telle to none,
whydyrward +tat Pers was gone.
   Now ys Pers bycome bryche,
+Tat er was bo+te stoute and ryche.
Alle +tat euer any man hym do bade,
Pers dyd hyt with hert[{e{] glad.
he wax so mylde and so meke,
A mylder man +turt no man seke;
For he meked hym self ouer skyle,
Pottes and dysshes for to swele.
To grete penaunce he gan hym take,
And moche for to fast and wake,
And moche he loued +tolmodnesse
To ryche, to pore, to more, to lesse.
Of alle men he wuld haue doute,
And to here byddyng mekly loute;
wulde +tey bydde hym sytte or stande,
Euer he wulde be bowande;
And for he bare hym so meke and softe,
Shrewes mysded hym ful ofte,
And helde hym folted or wode,
For he was so mylde of mode.
And +tey +tat were hys felaus 
Mysseyd hym most yn here sawes;
And alle he suffred her vpbreyd,
<P 190>
And neuer naght a+gens hem seyde.
   +Gole, hys lorde, wel vndyrstode
+Tat al hys grace and hys gode
Com for +te loue of Pers,
+Tat was of so holy maners;
And whan he wyst of hys bounte,
He called Pers yn pryuyte,
"Pers," he seyd, "+tou were wur+ty
For to be wurscheped more +tan y,
For +tou art weyl with Ihesu;
He shewe+t for +te grete vertu;
+Tarfor y shal make +te fre;
Y wyl +tat my felaw +tou be."
   +Tar-to Pers granted noght,
To be freman, as he besoght:
he wulde be, as he was ore,
yn +tat seruage for euermore.
he +tanked +te lorde myldely
For hys grete curteysy.
   Sy+t+ten Ihesu, +turgh hys my+gt,
Shewed hym, to Pers sy+gt,
For to be stalwor+te yn hys fondyng,
And to hym haue loue longyng.
"Be nat sorowful to do penaunce;
y am with +te yn euery chaunce;
Pers, I haue mynde of +te;
lo, here +te kyrtyl +tat +tou +gaue for me;
+Terfor grace y shal +te sende,
Yn alle godenesse weyl to ende."
   Byfyl +tat seriauntes and squyers
+Tat were wunt to serue Pers,
went yn pylgrymage, as yn kas,
To +tat cuntre +tere Pers was.
+Gole ful feyre gan hem kalle,
And preyde hem home to hys halle.
<P 191>
Pers was +tere, +tat yche sele,
And euerychone he knew hem wele.
Alle he serued hem as a knaue
+Tat was wunt here seruyse to haue.
But Pers nat +gyt +tey knew,
For penaunce chaunged was hys hew;
Nat for+ty +tey behelde hym fast,
And oftyn to hym here y+gen +tey kast,
And seyd, "he +tat stonte here,
Ys lyche to Pers tollere."
   He hydde hys vysege al +tat he my+gt,
Out of knowlych of here sy+gt;
No+teles +tey behelde hym more,
And knew hym weyl, al +tat were +tore,
And seyd, "+Gole, ys +gone +ty page?
A ryche man ys yn +ty seruage;
+Te emperoure, bo+te fer and nere,
Ha+t do hym seche, +tat we fynde here."
   Pers lestned, and herd hem spekyng,
And +tat +tey had of hym knowyng;
And pryuyly a-wey he nam,
Tyl he to +te porter cam.
   +Te porter had hys speche lore,
And heryng also, syn he was bore;
But +turgh +te grace of swete Ihesu,
was shewed, for Pers, feyre vertu.
Pers seyd, "late me fur+t go."
+Te porter spak, and seyde "+go."
He +tat was def, and doumbe also,
Spak, whan Pers spak hym to.
   Pers out at +te +gate wente,
And +tedyr +gede, +tere God hym sente.
+Te porter +gede vp to +te halle,
And +tys merueyle tolde hem alle,
<P 192>
How +te squyler of +te kechyn,
Pers, +tat ha+t woned here yn,
"He asked leue, ry+gt now late,
And went fur+t out at +te +gate.
Y rede +gow alle, +geue+t gode tent,
whederward +tat Pers ys went.
with Ihesu cryst he ys pryue,
And +tat ys shewed weyl on me;
For, what tyme he to me spak,
out of hys mou+t me +toghte brak
A flamme of fyre bryght and clere;
+Te flaumme made me bo+t speke and here;
Speke, and here, now, bo+te y may,
Blessed be God and Pers to day!"
   +Te lorde and +te gestes alle,
One and o+ter +tat were yn halle,
Had merueyle +tat hyt was so,
+Tat he my+gte swych myracle do.
+Tan asswy+te Pers +tey soght,
But al here sekyng was for no+gt;
Neuer, Pers +tey ne founde,
Ny+gt ne day, yn no stounde;
For he +tat toke Ennok and Ely,
He toke Pers, +turgh hys mercy,
To reste with-outyn ende to lede
For hys meknes and hys gode dede.
   Take ensample here, of Pers,
And parte+t with +te pore, +ge okerers,
For +gow shal neuer come Ioye with-ynne,
But +ge leue fyrst +tat synne;
And +gyue to almes +tat yche +tyng
+Tat +ge haue wune wy+t okeryng.
   Now with God, leue we Pers;
God +gyue vs grace to do hys maners!
<P 193>
   Yn coueytyse synnen marchauntys mekyl,
Yn feyre wurdys and yn fykyl,
And hete+t hym gode +tat he bye+t,
And swere+t +tarto, and algate lye+t.
For fals peys and fals mesure
here soules haue mysauenture.
   Also hyt longe+t to coueytyse
+Gyf +tou hyre one out of seruyse
+Turgh +gyft or +turgh procurment,
+Tou synnest gretly yn swych atent:
Enuye hyt ys, and falsnes yn dede,
But +gyf hyt were for +te more nede.
   +gyf +tou boghtest of any seriaunt
pryuyly, yn stylle cunnaunt,
+Tyng +tat +tou wystyst wel was stole,
And +turgh +ty byyng was forhole,
Hyt ys coueytyse and +teft pryue
To bye +tyng out of commalte.
   +Gyf +tou receyuedyst any what
Of one +tat hys +tyng forgat;
But +tou +gyue hyt hym a+geyn,
Or +te valeu for certeyn,
+Tou art falle +tan yn +te vyce
Of, coueytyse, +teft, and auaryce.
   Or +tou ledyst any man to +te ale
And madest hym drunk with troteuale,
And he solde hys +tyng to +te
More +tan he wulde yn soberte, 
Hyt seme+t +tou art a gylour,
And coueytous, and trechour.
   For men +tat loue to do gylerye,
At +te alehous make +tey marchaundye,
To loke +gyf +tey kunne com with-ynne,
<P 194>
here neghburs +tyng, falsly to wynne.
   And a ryche man hyt noye+t oftyn tyde
+Tat a pore man hat oght besyde.
Alle +tat he may, with euyl he fondys
For to reue hym, and haue hys londys;
+Gyf he may nat hem at hym bye,
He wul weyte hym o+ter felunnye,
hym to sle, or to endyte,
Or +teft he wyl vpon hym wyte,
Or ou+ter ska+te he wyl hym weyte,
Hys bestes for to bete or bayte,
To ete hys grasse, or foule hys corne,
So +tat hys gode shal neuer be lorne: 
Of swyche men, bo+te wryte hyt ys & seyd,
Moche peyne ys before hem leyde;
here synne shal no+ter be for+gyuen ne slakyn
Vn-to +tey +gelde +tat +tey haue takyn;
Here mercy ys ful on-certeyn
But +tey +gelde hem here gode a+geyn.
   Of +tys, before +ge herde me rede,
How seynt Fursyn founde hyt yn dede;
And here y shal telle a lytyl tale
Of swyche a man +tat brewed hys bale.  

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P 317>
[} [\THE TALE OF THE PRIEST WHO WAS 
ENABLED TO SEE FOLK'S SINS
IN THEIR FACES.\] }]

A parysshe prest was yn a tounne,
A man of ful grete dyscrecyounne; - 
Dyscrecyun, a ry+gt wyt ys,
On bo+te partys ry+gtly to ges; - 
Of hys parysshenes he vndyrstode,
whyche were yl, and whych were gode;
Tweyn he hadde for to gete,
+Tat neuer wulde synne lete.
   And fyl hyt at an esterne,
+Tat a prest shul none ou+ter werne
But +gyf hyt be +te gretter synne,
As yn cursyng, or yn vnbuxyme.
+Tys prest was yn grete +to+gt
whe+ter he sulde housel hem or no+gt;
he preyd God, of heuene kyng,
+Tat he wulde sende hym sum tokenyng
whe+ter he shulde hem forbede;
To housel hem, he +to+gt grete drede.
   Fro God he had +tys answere:
'+Tat echone shuld hys owne charge bere,
And +tat he shulde warne hyt none,
But +gyue hyt fur+te to euerychone;'
"Do +tou as Ihesu dyd yn dede,
And +tou shalt no man hyt forbede,
Ne more +tan he ded Iudas,
+Tat hadde do ful grete trespas."
   he +gaue hyt to alle with mylde mode
whan brede was turned to flessh & blode.
<P 318>
For some +tat hyt take+t, hyt shal hem saue,
And some +tarfore peyne shal haue;
Aftyr +tey are of synne clene,
So shal hyt on hem be sene."
   +Gyt preyde he God of more grace,
+Tat he my+gt knowe hem by face,
+Te whyche receyued hyt wur+tyly,
And whyche to have hyt were wur+ty.
And God graunted hym hys wyl,
To knowe +te gode fro +te yl.
   +Te folk +tat to +te preste went
For to receyue +te sacrament,
Of some +te faces were as bry+gt
As +te sunne ys, on days ly+gt;
And some, here vysages al blake,
+Tat no +tyng my+gt hem blaker make;
And some were as rede as blode,
Staryng ry+gt as +tey had be wode;
And sum were swolle, +te vyseges stout,
As +to+g here y+gen shulde burble out;
And sum gnapped here fete & handes,
As dogges doun +tat gnawe here bandes;
And sum hadde vysages of meselrye;
And some were lyke foule maumetrye:
Many wundrys were on hem sene,
Mo +tan he my+gt se at +tat tyme.
   +Te prest, whan he say alle +tys,
Of +tat sy+gt he gan hym grys;
For +tat sy+gt was hydous,
And dreful, and perylous.
   +Gyt preyd he God, with gode entent,
+Tat he my+gt wyte, what al +tat ment;
And God almy+gty loued hym weyl,
And wulde shewe hym euerydeyl;
"+To men +tat are so bry+gt
As +te sun, or day[{e{]s ly+gt,
+To men are +gyt yn charyte,
And clene of synne, & wurschepe+t me;
<P 319>
+To men +tat were so blake,
+Tat no +tyng my+gt hem blaker make,
+Tey are lecchours foule with-ynne,
And haue no wyl to leue here synne;
+To men +tat were rede as blode,
+Tey are Irus, and wykked of mode,
here euene crystyn for to slo
with de+t, or, with pyne do wo;
+To +tat +tou sagh with swolle vysage,
+Tey are enuyous ouer outrage;
And +to +tat gnapped here finger endes,
Are bakbyters betwyxe frendys;
+To +tat +tou sagh, meselles be sy+gt,
+Tey loue more gode +tan God almy+gt;
+To +tat +tou sagh lyke maumetrye,
On wordly +tyng +tey most affye;
More loue +tey gode +tat he ha+t sent
+tan +tey do hym +tat alle ha+t lent;
+tese maner men are +gyt yn wyl,
yn here synne to lyue stylle;
And +tarfore shal +te sacrament
On hem aske harde Iugement,
+Tat +tey haue receyue hyt vnwur+tyly,
And serued +te fende, hys enemy.
   +Tys tale y tolde for loue of +to
+Tat yn synne to housel go,
Or be+t yn wylle to turne a+geyn;
For alle here trauayle +tey do yn veyn.
   +Gyf +tou, whan +ty housel shalt take,
Be yn wylle +ty synne to forsake
For euermore yn stedfaste herte,
+Togh +tou synne sone aftyr, and smert,
+Gyt God take+t hyt nat to so grete grym
As +gyf +tou yn tresoun receyuedest hym.
   yn no +tyng wote y more tresun,
+Tan brynge +ty lorde to hys felun;
And +gyt men sey here synne ys grefe,
<P 320>
+Tat brynge+t a trew man on a +tefe;
And +gyf +tou do +tus, +ty wytande,
+tan charge men hyt most yn hande;
+tarfore loke +tat +tou wyte no+gt,
No synne hyde yn herte ne +to+gt,
Ne wyl nat wyte for neuer more
whan +tou receyuest God ry+gt +tore.
   Also +te clerk +tat haunte+t synne,
But he leue, and +ter-of blynne,
He shal nat serue at +te auter,
No+ter halewed +tyng to come ner.
   Y touched langer of +tys outrage
whan y spake of sacrylage,
+Tat +te holy gost shewed hym no+gt
For +te dekene synned yn +to+gt,
Yn +te tale of Ion Crysostomus;
+Tys tale ys tolde for +gow and vs.
   Also he ys wur+ty to be shent,
+Tat, sone aftyr +te sacrament,
To foly and to synne hym drawe+t:
lytyl of Goddes veniaunce hym awe+t.
   +Gyf +tou forgete or ouersyttes 
Tyme of housel, +tat +tou weyl wytes,
lytel fors of hym +tou +gyues,
+Tou louest hym nat +tat +tou by lyues,
And ouer alle +tyng he loue+t +te beste,
And +tou ne wylt, a ny+gtys geste,
lete hym herber yn hys hous;
+Tou art vnkynde ry+gt merueylous,
+Tat alle +te +gere +tou latest hym weyue,
And with wurschy+t +tou wylt nat hyt receyue.
God manace+t swyche, for swyche enchesun, 
And ry+gt hyt wyl, and gode resun;
For swyche men are holde vntrewe
Yn +te olde lawe, and eke yn +te newe.
<P 321>
Comaundement yn +te olde lawe was,
'Ones yn +te +gere to shewe +ty trespas;'
+te newe law ys of more onour
'Ones to receyue +ty creatoure,'
Ones yn +te +gere, to knowleche,
+Ty lorde to pes, for drede of wreche.
   +Tat prest, y blame ouer alle +tyng,
+Tat with-oute skylle letty+t to synge;
For many a soule my+gt be saued
with +te messe +tat he ha+t leued;
For al[{le{] +tat yn peyne ys,
Abyde+t +te socoure of +te messe;
For euery messe make+t memorye
Of soules +tat are yn purgatorye;
Moche +tanke shal +tat prest haue,
+Tat helpe+t, hem for to saue;
For no +tyng may hem so moche auayle
Of here peyne and here trauayle,
As +te sacrament of +te autere,
Ne make+t hem of peyne so clere.
   And +tat may y shewe apertly
By a tale of seint Gregorye;
Seynt Gregory telle+t for +te same, A tale.  



<B CMPRICK>
<Q M3 IR RELT PRICK>
<N PRICK OF CONSC>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D NL>
<V VERSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE PRICKE OF CONSCIENCE (STIMULUS
CONSCIENTIAE).
ED. R. MORRIS.
BERLIN: A. ASHER & CO., 1863.
PP. 79.2892  - 90.3293    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 248.9214 - 259.9624   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 79>
Now wille I rede forthermare,
And shew yhow of sum paynes +tat er +tare. 
In purgatory, als +te buke wittenes, 
Es diverse payns, som mar, som les, 
And many mare +tan I can neven; 
Bot I fynd wryten payns seven, 
+Tat may be called payns of purgatory; 
And +ta seven I wille here specefy,
Of whilk men sal som fele and se, 
Als tite als +te ded-comyng sal be,
+Te first payn es of +ta seven,
Als yhe herd me byfor neven, 
+Te grete drede +tat +te saul es in 
When +te body at it sal twyn; 
For +te saul sese +tan about it stande
Grysly devels agayn it raumpande, 
Als wode lyons to wayt +tair pray, 
And to ravisshe it with +tam away. 
And +tat syght es a payn ful grevous;
For +te devels er swa foul and ydous,
+Tat swa hardy man was never nane 
Lyfand here in flesshe and bane,
<P 80> 
+Tat saw +te syght +tat +te saul +tan sese, 
+Tat ne he for ferdelayk is witte shuld lese,
Thogh he war never of hert swa balde, 
Als in +te thred parte of +tis boke was talde.
A grete payn aght +tis syght to be 
Til +te saule +tan, +tat it sal se. 
+Te secunde payn neghest folowande 
Es +te grete drede, to understande,
+Tat +te saul sal hafe wyth dole and care, 
Until +te dome be gyfen, how he sal fare. 
For +te angels sal +tare redy be 
And +te devels swa grisly to se,
+Tat sal disput of alle his lyfe
Bytwen +tam +tar, with grete stryfe.
His syns sal +tan be shewed ful many,
Als I tald byfor in +te thred part namly. 
+Te saul +tan sal bytwene +tam stande, 
And +te angels on his ryght hande, 
And devels on +te lefte syde. 
+Tan mot +te saul in grete dred abyde,
Until +tat stryfe be broght to ende, 
And til it witte whyder it sal wende, 
And whether it sal be dampned or save; 
+Tan sal +te saul a grete drede have, 
Als a man +tat es in myddes +te se 
In grete perille, and may noght fle,
When tempestes falles and stormes smert, 
+Tan has +tat man grete drede in hert;
He mas +tan vowes, and cryes on Crist, 
For, he es afered +tat he sal be peryst;
And +tat drede til hym es a grete payn; 
For of his lyf he es uncertayn;
And als a man has drede bodily,
When he es acouped of felony 
Byfor kynges iustice, and +te cuntre`,
+Tat charged es if he gilty be, 
He wate noght whether he sal be spilt, 
Or be delyvered of +tat gilt.
<P 81> 
Until +tai have gyven +tair verdite, 
And outher +tar-of made hym qwyte
Als +te laghe walde, or made hym gilty. 
If he +tan haf drede, it es na ferly,
For in grete dout of lyfe es +tat man. 
Bot yhit has the saul mare drede +tan. 
Til +te dome be gyven and it may se
Whether it sal dampned or saufe be. 
For if it dome of damp[{na{]cion here,
It gas til helle with-outen recoverere;
And +te saul +tat es dampned til +tat place 
Thar never hope to haf mercy ne grace. 
What wonder es +tan if +te saule drede have
+Tat doutes whethir he sal dampned or save. 
Of +tes twa maners of payns of drede
Yhe herd me aparty byfor rede, 
+Te whilk es declared in a stede, 
In +te thred part +tat spekes of +te dede.
Alle +tis matere men may se +tare, 
+Tarfor here I wil spek +tar-of na mare. 
+Te thred payn es a maner of exil 
When +te saules here agayn +tair wil
Er exild fra +tis lyf til payn, 
With-outen any turnyng agayn;
For +tan sal +tai haf grete murnyng,
When +tai er flemed fra +tair lykyng, 
Fra alle +tair frendes lefe and dere,
And fra alle +te delyces +tat +tai had here.
+Te murnyng +tat +tai haf on +tis wyse, 
Til +tam sal be grete payn and anguyse. 
+Te fereth payn es sere malady, 
+Tat +te sauls sal haf in purgatory.
For +tai sal haf +tar yvels sere,
For sere syns, +tat er unclensed here; 
Som for pride +tat +tai haf here-in bene,
Sal haf +tar als a fever cotidiene,
<P 82>
+Tat +te saule sal pyn mar bitterly 
+Tan ever fyver pyned here mans body.
Som sal haf +tar, for covatyse, 
Als +te dropsy to grege +tair angwyse.
Som sal haf in alle +tair lymmes obout, 
For sleuthe, als +te potagre and +te gout. 
Som, for envy, sal haf in +tair lyms,
Als kylles and felouns and apostyms.
Som for ire sal have als +te parlesy,
+Tat yvel +te saul sal grefe gretely. 
Som for glotoni sal haf +tare,
Als +te swynacy, +tat greves ful sare.
And som, for +te syn of lechery,
Sal haf als +te yvel of meselry.
+Tus sal +te saules, als God vouches save, 
For sere syns, sere maledys have, 
+Tat here has hadde repentance
And has noght ful-filed here +tair penaunce. 
+Tir maladies +tar +te saul mar greves,
+Tan it dos any body +tat here lyves. 
Thynk we what payn has +te body,
+Tat has here bot a malady 
In +tis lif, lastand alle a yhere, 
Or noght bot thre days, or four here. 
+Tat malady greves +te body sare,
Bot yhit it greves +te saul vele mare
In purgatory, +tar es it pynde, 
For +te saul es of mare tender kynde;
For als a lytel thynd [\IN HARL. MS. 6923: thyng\] +tin eghe    #
lokand 
May greve mare +tan it may +ti hand,
Swa feles +te saule mare penaunce 
+Tan +te body, when it has grevaunce. 
Bot now may som say here agayne, 
And aske how +te saul may fele payne,
+Tat es noght elles bot a spirit, 
+Tat may noght be feled, swylk es it;
<P 83>
For it es swa sutil, +tat aftir +te dede,
It may occupy na stede. 
Til +tis, +tus men answer may, 
Als men may here grete clerkes say. 
+Te saule +te lyfe of +te body es 
Of ilk man here, bathe mare and les.
And with-outen +te lyfe is na felyng,
For felyng may be in na dede thyng. 
+Tan es alle +te felyng halely 
In +te saul, and noght in +te body; 
For when +te saul es passed away, 
+Te body es noght bot erthe and clay,
+Tat es a dede thyng, als a stane; 
+Te whilk may fele na thyng be it ane. 
Alswa yhit may som +tos aske mare, 
How may +te saule +tat duelles +tare,
Be pyned with sere maledy 
+Tat falles til sere lymes of +te body, 
Sen it has nouther body ne hede, 
Ne lym +tat may occupy stede. 
Til +tis, men may answer +tus shortly:
+Te saul, al-if it haf na body, 
It sal be pyned als in lyms sere, 
Thurgh whilk it has mast synned here. 
Swa sal +te saul, fele payn and wa,
And til other saules it sal seme swa. 
For ilkan til other sal seme +tan, 
Als +tai had shap of body of man; 
+Tus sal ilka saul other se, 
For nan of +tam may feled be. 
Na mar +tan here a man ande may,
When it passes fra his mouthe away. 
And +tis may be pruved be +te godspelle. 
Thurgh +te ensampel of +te ryche man in helle,
And of Lazar +tat he ward mete
+Tat in Abraham bosom had his sete.
<P 84>
Abraham bosom es nathyng elles,
Bot heven +tar haly spyrites duelles.
When +te ryche man, +tat in helle sat lawe,
Lazar in Abraham bosom sawe, 
He cryed til Abraham and prayed with-alle
+Tat a drope of calde water mught falle 
Til his tung, fra Lazar fynger ende,
Als es in +te godspel contende. 
Bot al-if he +tus spak to hym,
Yhit had he na tung ne other lym, 
Ne Lazar, als yhe sal understande,
Had nouther fynger, ne fote, ne hande, 
For +tai bathe war spirites anly, 
+Tat nouther had lymmes ne body.
+Te tane was in blis soverayne, 
+Te tother was in endles payne. 
Bot +te ryche man saule feled in helle 
Payne, als he had bene in flesshe and felle;
And Lazar saule til him semed +tan 
Als he had body and lymes of man. 
Yhit has men herd som clerkes maynte[{ne{] 
Swilk an opinion, als I wene,
+Tat a saule, +tat es in purgatory 
Or in helle, has of +te ayre a body
For to thole payne, in lyms sere, 
After +tat he has synned here.
Bot whether +te saul haf body or noght, 
He sal fele payne, after he has wroght.
+Te fifte payne es +te fire hate,
+Tat na maner of thing may abate, 
Bot almusdede and messe and prayere,
+Tat frendes dus for +te saul here. 
To abate +tat fire, +ta thre er best, 
For +ta thre may bring +te saul to rest. 
+Tat fire is hatter and mare kene, 
+Tan al +te fire +tat here es sene;
<P 85> 
For als +te fire of erthe, +tar we won, 
Es hatter +tan +te beme of +te son, 
Ryght swa +tat fire on +te same manere, 
Es hatter +tan +te fire es here. 
Alle +te waters, +tat men may rekken, 
A spark +tar-of may noght sleken. 
We se +te fire +tat here es, greves sare 
+Te body, +tat standes +tar-in bare; 
Bot mare greves +te fire of purgatory
+Te saul, +tan +tis fire dus +te body.
For +te fire here, of strenthe es les
+Tan +te fire of purgatory es; 
And +te body with flesshe and bane,
Es harder +tan +te saul by it ane; 
And +te saul mare tender and nesshe
+Tan es +te body with +te flesshe.
Sen +tat fire es mare hate +tare 
+Tan +te fire es here, als I sayd are,
And +te saul es swa tender of kynde, 
+Tan semes it +tat it es mare pynde 
Thurgh +tat fire, +tan +te body mught be 
With alle +te fire of Cristiante`; 
For a spark of +tat fire es mare hate
+Tan al +te fire of erthe, als clerkes wate. 
Many saules duells in +tat fire strang. 
Bot sum duelles short wyle, and sum lang,
Aftir +tair syn es mare or les, 
And aftir +tair penaunce fulfild es, 
Bot na saul may +tethen pas, 
Until it be als clene als it first was,
When he was hoven at funtstane
And his crestendome +tar had tane. 
Som clerkes, +tat spekes of purgatory, 
Says +tat +te fire +tare is bodily, 
And noght gastly als +te saule es; 
For +te saule, als +te boke bers wytnes, 
May be pyned with fire bodily, 
Als it may be with +te awen body.
<P 86> 
Bot +tat fire wirkes noght thurgh kynde 
In +te saule, +tat +tar-with es pynde, 
Als dos +te fire +tat brinnes here, 
Bot it wirkes on wonderful manere,
Als God has ordaynd, forwhy, it es
An instrument of Goddes ryghtwysnes,
Thurgh wilk +te saule most clensed be
In purgatory, ar it may God se.
Alle +te fire +tat es +tar-in, 
Es bot a maner of fyre to wast syn, 
And noght divers fires, les and mare, 
Bot a maner of fire, als I sayd are,
+Tat alle veniel syns +tan sal waste, 
+Tat es unclensed here, lest and maste. 
For als fyre +tat caffe son may bryn,
Gold may melt +tat es lang +tar-in, 
Ryght swa +te fyre +tar thurgh lang hete 
+Tat wastes smale syns, may wast grete, 
And als +te hete of +te son +tat comon es,
Som men greves mare, and som men les, 
Right swa +te fyre +tat es +tare, 
Som sawles pyns les, and som mare;
For +te sawles byhoves duelle +tar-in,
Aftir +te charge es of +tair syn.
Bot som sawles +tar sal be delyver[{d{] sone, 
+Tat large penaunce here has done; 
Som sal duel +tar many a yhere, 
+Tat litel penaunce has don here. 
And lang lygyn in +tair syn; 
And +tarfor says +tus Saynt Austyn: 
(\Necesse est quod tantum urat dolor, 
quantum erat amor; tanto enim quisquis 
torquetur diucius, quanto affectus eius
venialibus ahherebat forcius.\)
Saynt Austyn says "nedeful it es, 
+Tat sorow war als mykel and na les
For ilka syn and ilka trespas,
<P 87> 
Als luf and delyte in syn was."
And alswa he says on +tis manere, 
+Tat ay +te styther +tat ilk man here
Gyves his lykyng and wille
Til veniel syns, outher loud or stille,
+Te langer sal he pyned be 
In purgatory;" +tus says he. 
+Tis fire, als byfore wryten es,
Som saules pynes mare, and sum les, 
Aftir +tat +tai +tat commes +tar-in, 
Brynges ought with +tam +tat may bryn.
For byfor ar +tai may God se 
Byhoves als thre thynges brinned be,
+Tat es at say, als wodde, and hay,
And stubble, +tat may sone wast away;
+Ta er veniel synnes +tat may falle,
Bathe grete and smale, and men with-alle,
+Te mast veniel syns sal +tar bryn langly, 
Als wodde brinnes, +tat es sadde and hevy,
+Te lest veniel syns sal brin sone,
Als stobble, +tat son brinnes and son es done. 
Bot swa son brinnes noght +te mene synnes;
+Tai brin mar slawly als hay brynnes.
+Tus sal be brynned and wasted +tare, 
Als veniel syns, bathe les and mare;
And al dedly syns of wilk men er shryven,
And +te gilt God has forgyven,
For whilk +te penaunce es noght fulfilled here,
Sal +tare be wasted on +te sam manere 
And +te saules in +tat fire be pyned
Unto +tai be als clene als gold fyned. 
And when +tai er fyned and made bright 
+Tai sal be broght befor Goddes sight, 
Til hey Paraydise, +tat blisful place
Whar ay es rest, ioy and solace. 
+Te sext payne es +tis to telle; 
+Tat +te saules unclensed, +tat sal duelle
<P 88>
In purgatory, sal be bunden faste 
With bandes of syn, whilles +tai may laste, 
Als men +tat er bonden in pryson, 
+Tat na man may for gyf[{t{] ne raunson, 
Out of +tat hard payn +tam wyn,
Until +te fire haf wasted +tair bandes of syn.
+Tus er +tai bunden by hend and fete, 
Allen bydonen, in +tat brinnand hete.
Me thynk +tat na payne may be mare 
+Tan +ta saules has, whyles +tai er +tare. 
Grete dole +tay mak, somtyme, and sarowe;
For +tai may nathyng begg ne borowe, 
To help +tam, +tat +tai war out broght,
Ne +tair awen prayer help +tam noght; 
For +tar es nouther stede ne space,
Helpe ne frenshepe to purchace;
Bot +te gude +tat +tai did here, +tai sal +tar fele; 
Or if +tair frendes, +tat luffes +tam wele, 
For +tam here pray or do almus de[{de{] ; 
Alle +tat may help +tam in +tair nede. 
Ful hard payn +tar +tai fele, 
Bot at +tai er save +tai wate wele; 
Bot sum tyme swa mykel pay[{n{] +tai hafe,
+Tat +tai tak na kepe +tat +tai er save;
Wharfor we shuld thynk, +tat lyves here,
What payn it es, on +tis manere,
To be swa pyned, and fele swa sare
Fourty wynter, outher les or mare,
Omang devels, +tat +tan has leve 
Som tyme to turment +te saules and greve, 
Ay whiles +tai haf any spot of syn;
For are, may +tai noght out of payn wyn,
Til +tai be clensed and made right clene
Of alle spottes of syn +tat may be sene.
And when +tai er +tus clensed wele 
+Tan sal +tai namare payn fele,
<P 89>
Bot als tite +tar-efter +tai sal wende
Tille +te blis +tat es with-outen ende. 
+Te sevend payn of purgatory es 
+Tat +te saules er als in wildernes,
+Tar defaut es of alkyn thyng 
Of wilk man mught haf lykyng;
+Tair payn es turned manyfalde. 
Now er +tai in hete, and now in calde; 
For sumtyme +tai sal be pyned lang 
With hete, and som tyme with cald omang. 
+Tai sal haf +tare bathe hunger and threst,
And travayl grete, with-outen rest. 
+Tai er dungen +tare, to eke +taire payn, 
With smert stormes als of wynd and rayn, 
And with stormes of hayle, sharpe and kene, 
Swylk stormes was never here sene.
Als +te sauls sal +tar here and se. 
+Tus sal +tai on sere-wyse pyned be,
Sum many wynter for +tair syn,
Ar +tai til +te sight of God may wyn. 
Swilk maner of payns +tai sal have +tare,
With other ma, +tat sal greve sare.
Bot a grete payn yhit +tis sal be, 
+Te grete yhernyng +tat +tai haf to se 
+Te face of God, +tat es swa bright,
And +te lang tariyng fra +tat syght.
Bot til +tat sight +tai may never wyn,
Until +tai be clensed +tar of al syn. 
Here haf I talde yhow aparty,
Of sum payns of purgatory.
Now I wille shew, als +te boke telles, 
Whilk sauls in purgatory duelles. 
+Te saules +tat to purgatory most wend
Aftir +te dede, when +tis life has end, 
Nedly byhoves dwelle +tar-in, 
Unto +tai be clensed of al syn, 
Thurgh bitter paynes +tat er +tare. 
Bot sum sal fele les, and sum mare,
<P 90> 
Aftir +tair syn es mare or les, 
Als in +tis part byfor wryten es, 
Or aftir +tair syns er many or fone, 
And aftir +tai haf here penaunce done. 
Bot alle saules sal noght duelle in +tat stede, 
For sum here +tat als tite aftir +tair dede, 
Sal wend strykly til heven blis, 
Als Innocentes +tat never dyd mys, 
And other saules of men parfite, 
+Tat in nathyng here has delyte,
Bot anly in God +tat boght +tam dere, 
In lyffed ay in penaunce here.  

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 248>
His bright face sal alle +tas se, 
+Tat sal duelle in +tat blisful cite`; 
And +tat syght es +te mast ioy of heven, 
Als men mught here me byfor neven.
And alle-if +tat cite` be large and wyde,
Men salle hym se, until +te ferrest syde, 
And als wele +tas +tat sal be fra hym fer, 
Als +tas +tat sal +tar til hym be nerrer; 
For als men of fer landes may haf sight
Of +te son, +tat we se here schyne bright, 
And als +te same son +tat shynes byyhond +te se
Shewes it here, and in ilka cuntre`
Alle +te day, aftir +te ryght course es, 
Bot when cloudes fra us hydes hir brightnes;
Right swa +te face of God alle-myghty, 
Sal be shewed in heven appertely, 
Tille alle +te men +tat +tider sal wende, 
+Togh som suld duelle at +te ferrest ende. 
Bot ilk man, als he lufes God here, 
Sal won +tar, som fer and som nere.
For som lufes God here mar +tan sum, 
And som lufes hym les +tat til heven sal com 
Alle +tas +tat God here lufes best, 
When +tai com +tar sal be hym nerrest,
And +te nerrer +tat +tai sal hym be, 
+Te verreylyer +tai sal hym se;
And +te mare verraly +tai se his face,
+Te mare sal be +tair ioy and solace.
<P 249> 
Bot +ta +tat here lufs hym les,
+Tai sal won +tar, aftir +tair luf es; 
Bot ilk man sal se hym in his degre`,
In what syde of heven swa he sal be.
Here haf yhe herd of many fayre sight, 
+Tat ay salle be sene in heven bright; 
Ful glade and ioyful alle +tas may be, 
+Tat swilk fayre sightes, ay, +tar sal se, 
And of mykel ioy may +tai ay telle 
+Tat in +tat cite` of heven sal ay duelle.
Alswa ilkan sal haf in +tair heryng, 
Grete ioy in heven and grete lykyng.
For +tai sal here +tar aungel sang, 
And +te haly men sal ay syng omang,
With delitabel voyces and clere; 
And, with +tat, +tai sal ay here 
Alle other manere of melody, 
Of +te delytable noys of mynstralsy, 
And of alkyn swet tones of musyke,
+Tat til any mans hert mught like; 
And of alkyn noyse +tat swete mught be, 
Ilkan sal here in +tat cite, 
With-outen instrumentes ryngand, 
And with-outen movyng of mouth or hand,
And with-outen any travayle, 
And +tat sal never mar cese ne fayle.
Swilk melody, als +tar sal be +tan, 
In +tis werld herd never nan erthely man, 
For swa swete sal be +tat noyse and shille
And swa delitabel and swa sutille,
+Tat alle +te melody of +tis werld here, 
+Tat ever has bene herd, fer and nere, 
War noght bot als sorowe and care 
Als to +te lest poynt of melody +tare.
Omang +tam alswa sal be swete savour,
Swa swete com never of herbe ne flour, 
When +tai war in seson mast, 
Or war mast of vertu for to tast;
<P 250> 
Ne of spicery mught never spryng, 
Ne yhit of nan othir thyng, 
+Tat thurgh vertu of kynde suld savour wele 
Swa swete savour als +tai sal fele;
For na hert may thynk, ne tung telle, 
How swete sal ilkan til other smelle; 
+Tat savour sal be ful plenteuouse,
And swa swete and swa delicious, 
+Tat alkyn spicery +tat men may fele, 
And of alle othir thyng +tat here savours wele,
War noght bot als thyng +tat stynked sour,
Als to regarde of +tat delycious savour.
+Tan sal +tat savour +tat es swa swete,
Be ioy til +tam, ay when +tai samen mete,
Alswa ilkan +tat sal won +tar, 
Sal syng with angels, als I sayd ar,
In swilk tones +tat sal be swete to here, 
With ful delitabel voyces and clere;
Bot +tai sal love God ay in +tair sang, 
And thank hym of his mercy ay omang;
And ilkan of +tat blisful company 
Sal speke with othir +tar ful swetely, 
With laghyng and with lufly sembland, 
And say "weles us +tat here er wonnand",
And thank God omang +tat +tam gun wysse 
Til mekenes, +tat +tam led til +tat blysse
With anger +tat +tai had in +tair lyf days, 
+Tan may +tai say +tus als David says: 
(\Letati sumus pro diebus quibus 
nos humiliasti, annis quibus 
vidimus mala.\) 
"Loverd ful glad for +te days er we, 
In whilk +tou made us lawe to be, 
In +te yheres in whilk we saw illes."
+Tus may +tai syng and say for sere skilles. 
+Tan sal +tair sang and +tair spekyng, 
Be til +tam gret ioy and lykyng;
<P 251>
Alswa +tai sal fele worshepes grete, 
For ilkan sal be sette in a ryche sete,
And, als kynges and qwenes corouned be 
With corouns dight with ryche perre`,
And with stanes of vertu, precyouse to prays, 
Als David til God thus spekes and says:
(\Posuisti Domine super caput eius 
coronam de lapide precioso.\) 
"Loverd on hys heved +tou sette ryght, 
A coroune of preciouse stanes dight;" 
Bot swa fayre coroune was never sene
In +tis world, on kynges heved ne qwene.
+Tis coroune es +te coroune of blys,
And +te stane es ioy +tat +tai sal never mys. 
+Tis worshepe +tat +tai sal fele, sal pas 
Alle +te worshepes +tat ever here was,
Of whilk +tai sal +tar mar ioy have,
+Tan any man can yherne or crave. 
+Tus sal +tai have in +tair wittes fyfe
Parfite ioy with endeles lyfe, 
In +te heghe blisful cite` of heven,
Whar sere ioyes er ma +tan tung can neven;
For +tai sal many hundreth thowsand se 
Of men and wemen in +tat cite`,
+Tat many sere ioyes +tar sal haf, 
Als +tai er worthy and God vouches saf. 
And alle +te ioyes +tat +tai alle sal se, 
Sal be ioyes til ilka man +tat +tar sal be,
With-outen his awen ioyes, les and mare, 
+Tat til hym-self sal be appropried +tare; 
For +te sight of ilk ioy +tat +tai sal se +tan, 
Sal be ioy +tar til ilka man; 
For other mens ioyes tham sal like als wele,
Als +tai sal +tair awen +tat +tai sal fele;
+Tan sal a man haf ma ioyes in heven 
+Tan any tung couthe telle or neven; 
For ilk man sal haf special ioy and mede,
For ilk gude thoght and ilk gude dede,
<P 252> 
+Tat he ever thoght or wroght open or prive`. 
+Tan may never +tair ioys noumbred be,
+Tat ilk man in heven when +tai com +tider
Sal in body and saule haf alle togider,
And never mare of na ioy fele irkyng, 
For +tai sal ay be new als at +te bigynning, 
Of whilk +te leste ioy +tar to fele and se,
Sal be mar +tan alle +te ioyes of the werld may be 
+Tai sal be fed +tar and cled wele, 
With ioy of sight +tat +tai sal fele, 
+Tai sal wirk +tar nan othir thyng, 
Bot love ay God with-outen irkyng.
Als a versifiour says in a verse +tarby,
+Te whilk es made in metre +tus schortly:
(\Visio sit victus, opus est
laus, lumen amictus.\) 
"With +te sight of God +tai sal be fed, 
And with brightnes of light +tai sal be cled,
And +tair werk sal be ay lovyng," 
In whilk +tai sal haf gret likyng. 
Bot +tair mast ioy in heven sal be 
+Te blisful sight of +te trinite`,
+Te whilk +tai sal se ever-mar;
And +tat ioy sal pas alle othir +tar, 
For ay whilles +tai +tat sight sal se,
Of alle ioyes +tai sal fulfilled be; 
And if +tai suld +tat syght mysse, 
+Tai myght noght +tan haf parfite blis. 
For if a man war pyned in helle, 
With ma payns +tan tung may telle, 
And he of Goddes face mught se oght,
Alle his payns suld +tan gryefe hym noght.
Now haf I redde here how men sal hafe 
Parfite ioy in heven +tat sal be safe; 
Bot +te dampned men +tar ogayne
Sal haf ful sorowe and parfite payne, 
With-outen ende for +tair wikked lyfe, 
For +tai sal in alle +tair wittes fyve,
<P 253> 
Be turmented on sere manere, 
With grysely payns, many and sere,
+Tat es to say, in syght and heryng, 
In smellyng, tastyng, and felyng. 
First +tai sal in helle about +tam se 
Mare sorow +tan ever in +tis werld mught be, 
And +te sorow +tat +tai sal se +tar, 
Sal be strang payne til +tam ever-mare. 
+Tair wonyng in helle, als says +te buke,
+Tai sal se ful of fire and of smoke,
And ful grysely, and myrk, and dym, 
And about +tam devels ful grym, 
+Tat with sere payns sal payne +tam ay, 
Als men mught here me byfor say: 
And alle-+togh +tai in helle want light, 
Yhit sal +tai of alle payns haf sight, 
Thurgh +te sparkes of fyr +tar, als says Saynt Austyn
Noght til +tair comfort bot til +tair pyne;
Yhit mare sorow +tam sal bytyde,
+Tai sal here in helle, on ilka syde,
Ful hydus noyse and duleful dyn
Of devels and of synful men +tar-yn: 
+Tai sal here devels +tar, rare ful hydusly, 
And +te synful men goule and cry; 
+Tai sal +tar, in smellyng, fele mare stynk, 
+Tan hert may here ymagyn or thynk,
Of brynnand brunstan and of pyk, 
And of alkyn othir thyng +tat es wyk.
+Tat stynk, als yhe sal understand wele,
Sal be strang payne til +tam to fele;
Al-swa +tai sal ilkan other wery, 
And myssay and sclaundre God allemyghty,
+Tai sal ay stryfe and be at debate, 
And ilkan other sal despice and hate. 
Omang +tam sal never be pees, 
Bot hatreden and stryfe +tat never sal cees. 
+Tair throtes sal ay be filled omang,
Of alle thyng +tat es bitter and strang,
<P 254>
Of lowe and reke with stormes melled, 
Of pyk and brunstane togyder welled,
Of molten bras and lede with-alle,
And of other welland metalle:
+Tis sal be strang payne til +tam to last, 
Omang alle othir paynes, lest and mast,
With stryf +tat sal be omang +tam +tan,
When ilkan sal other wery and ban;
Al-swa +tai sal fele, als I byfor talde,
Outrageus hete and outrageouse calde, 
For now +tai sal frese in yse, and now in fire bryn 
And be gnawen with-outen and with-in; 
Within, als yhe sal understand,
With wormes of conscience ay bytand;
With-outen, with dragons felle and kene, 
Swa hidus was never here nane sene, 
With neddirs and tades and othir vermyn, 
And with many hydus bestes of ravyn,
Als wode wolfes, lyons and beres felle,
+Tat sal noght be elles, bot devels of helle,
In liknes of hydus bestes and vermyne, 
+Tat sal +tam gnaw without, to eke +tair pyne, 
Als in +te sext part of +tis boke es wryten. 
+Tus sal +te synful be gnawen and byten 
With outen, thurgh hydus bestes and vermyn, 
And thurgh +te worme of conscience with-in. 
+Te devels alswa sal stryke +tam felly, 
With glowand hamers, ful huge and hevy,
+Tat sal seme of iren and stele;
+Tir payns +tai sal with alle other fele.
+Tus sal +tai ever-mare be pyned +tar, 
In alle +tair fife wittes, als I said ar, 
With sere payns als es gode skille, 
For +tai here used +tair wittes ille. 
Alle +tir payns +tat yhe herd me telle, 
And many ma +tat salle be in helle,
+Tai sal thole ay +tar +tat sal wende +tider,
In body and saule alle to-gider.
<P 255> 
+Tus sal +tai ever mar contynuely
Haf parfite payne +tar, with-outen mercy, 
Fra whilk payne and sorow God us shilde, 
Thurgh prayer of hys moder mylde, 
And +te right way of lyf us wysse, 
Whar-thurgh we may com til heven blysse. Amen.
Now es +te last part of +tis buke sped, 
And alle +te maters +tar-in haf I red,
+Tat contenes, als yhe mught here, 
Bathe general and special ioyes sere, 
+Tat alle +tas +tat til heven sal come,
Sal haf aftir +te day of dome;
And sere schendshepes of helle alswa, 
+Tat er even contrary til +ta, 
+Te whilk, +tas +tat sal til helle wende, 
Sal haf +tar, with-outen ende.
Whar-for wha-swa of +tis wil take hede, 
May be stird til luf and drede;
Til drede, thurgh mynde of +te hydusnes 
Of payne and sorow +tat in helle es; 
Til luf, thurgh mynd of ioyes and blisse sere 
+Tat God hetes til alle +tat lufes hym here. 
Bot +te drede es noght medeful to prufe,
+Tat accordes noght halely with +tat lufe; 
For if drede stand by itself anely, 
Na mede of God it es worthy, 
+Tarfor drede suld be lufes brother, 
And ayther of +tam stand with other, 
For wha-swa lufes God on ryght manere 
He has grete drede to wrethe hym here; 
+Tan lufes he his bydynges to fulfille, 
And dredes to do oght ogayne his wille,
Delites to be with God ay,
And dredes to be put fra hym oway.
For men suld noght drede God anly for payne 
Bot men suld drede to tyn +te ioy soverayne, 
+Tat es, +te syght of God of heven, 
+Te whilk yhe herd me byfor neven;
<P 256> 
+Tat es pat luf ay with +tat drede, 
And +tat dred of God es worthy mede, 
For +togh we suld never helle se, 
Ne [{for{] syn suld never punyst be,
In purgatory ne in helle, 
Ne in +tis werld whar we duelle,
Yhit suld we luf God for hym-self ryght, 
And drede to tyne hys luf and of him +te syght,
For, sikerly I dar wele say +tis, 
+Tat wha-swa wyst what ioy and blys
Of +te syght of God in heven war, 
And als proprely had sene it als es +tar, 
He had lever thole here +tis payne,
Ilk day anes, alle qwik to be flayne, 
Ar he +te syght of his face suld tyne, 
+Tat in heven so bright sal shyne. 
Many sere ioys ma +tar sal falle, 
Bot +tat sight es mast principalle ioy of alle;
For +tat ioyful sight sal contene 
Alle other ioyes +tat sal +tar be sene, 
Of whilk ioys, +te lest sal pas 
Alle +te ioy +tat ever here was. 
For ioy here es noght bot passand vanite`,
Bot +te ioyes +tat er +tar ever-mar sal be, 
Til whilk ioyes +tat has nan ende, 
God us bring when we hethen wende. Amen. 
Now haf I here als I first undir-toke, 
Fulfilled +te seven partes of +tis boke, 
+Tat er titeld byfor to have in mynde. 
+Te first es of +te wrechednes of mans kynde; 
+Te secunde es of +te werldes condicions sere,
And of +te unstabelnes of +te werld here;
+Te thred es of +te ded +tat es bodily;
+Te ferthe alswa es of purgatory; 
+Te fift es of domesday, +te last day of alle,
And of +te takens +tat byfor sal falle; 
<P 257>
+Te sext es of +te paynes of helle to neven; 
And +te sevend part es of +te ioyes of heven. 
In +tir seven er sere materes drawen 
Of sere bukes, of whilk som er unknawen, 
Namly til lewed men of England,
+Tat can noght bot Inglise undirstand; 
+Tarfor +tis tretice drawe I wald
In Inglise tung +tat may be cald
Prik of Conscience als men may fele,
For if a man it rede and understande wele, 
And +te materes +tar-in til hert wil take, 
It may his conscience tendre make,
And til right way of rewel bryng it bilyfe, 
And his hert til drede and mekenes dryfe,
And til luf and yhernyng of heven blis,
And to amende alle +tat he has done mys.
For +te undirstandyng of +tir maters seven,
+Tat men may in +tis buke se and neven, 
May make a man knawe and halde in mynde, 
What he es here of his awen kynde,
And what he sal be, if he avyse hym wele,
And whar he es, for to knaw and fele. 
Yhit may he se when he it redes
What he es worthy for his dedes, 
Whether he es worthy ioy or payne 
+Tis tretice may make hym be certayne, 
For +tar-in may he many thynges se,
+Tat has bene, and es, and +tat sal be; 
+Tus may +tis tretice, with +te sentence, 
Pryk and stirre a mans conscience,
And til mekenes and luf and drede it dryfe, 
For to bring hym til ryght way of lyfe.
Of alle +teis I haf sere maters soght, 
And in seven partes I haf +tam broght, 
Als es contende in +tis tretice here,
+Tat I haf drawen out of bukes sere, 
Aftir I had in +tam understandyng, 
Alle-if I be of symple kunnyng.
<P 258>
Bot I pray yhou alle, par charite`,
+Tat +tis tretice wil here or se 
Yhe haf me excused at +tis tyme,
If yhe fynde defaut in +te ryme,
For I rek noght, +togh +te ryme be rude, 
If +te maters +tar-of be gude. 
And if any man +tat es clerk, 
Can fynde any errour in +tis werk, 
I pray hym he do me +tat favour,
+Tat he wille amende +tat errour;
For if men may here any errour se,
Or if any defaut in +tis tretice be, 
I make here a protestacion, 
+Tat I wil stand til +te correccion 
Of ilka rightwyse lered man, 
+Tat my defaut here correcte can. 
+Tis tretice specialy drawen es 
For to stirre lewed men til mekenes,
And to make +tam luf God and drede;
Ffor wha-swa wil it here or rede, 
I hope he sal be stirred +tar-by. 
Yf he trow +tat God es alle-myghty,
And he sal it here or se, 
And may noght +tar-by stirred be, 
It semes +tat he es wittles, 
Or over mykel hardend in wikkednes. 
Bot alle +tas +tat redes it, loud or stille, 
Or heres it be red with gode wille, 
God graunt +tam grace +tat +tai may 
Be stird +tar-by til ryghtwyse way,
+Tat es, tille +te way of gude lyfyng,
And at +te last be broght til gude endyng.
And yhe +tat has herd +tis tretice red
+Tat now es broght til ende and sped,
For +te luf of our Loverd Ihesu,
Pray for hym specialy +tat it dru, 
+Tat if he lyf, God safe hym harmles,
And mayntene hys lyf in alle gudenes,
<P 259> 
And if he be ded, als falles kyndely, 
God of his saule haf mercy, 
And bryng it til +tat blisful place
Whar endeles ioy es and solace,
Til whilk place he us alle bryng, 
+Tat for us vouched safe on rode to hyng. Amen.  



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<M 1350-1420>
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<T HISTORY>
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<S SAMPLE X>


[^CURSOR MUNDI.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 57, 59, 62, 66, 68.
ED. R. MORRIS.
LONDON, 1874, 1875, 1876, 1877, 1878.
COTTON MS VESPASIAN A.III:
PP. 78.1215    - 90.1432       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 208.3489   - 230.3890      (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 420.7287   - 448.7788      (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 548.9517   - 554.9620      (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 1006.17535 - 1018.17780    (SAMPLE 5)
PP. 1238.21627 - 1244.21732    (SAMPLE 6)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 78>
   Vs tells of adam his stori;
O suns +tat he had thirtti,
And he had doghtres als fel,
Wit outen caym and abel.
+te sister giuen was to +te bro+ter,
+te lagh moght certayn be non o+ter;
Sua wald drightin, and behoued nede
To do +tair kin al for to sprede.
   Vnseli caym +tat ai was saked,
Wit god and man +tan was he hatted,
He als-sua wit his oxspring;
+tai luued our lauerd nan-kin thing,
For +tai him warryd wit wickud dedis.
He +tam for-soke in al +ter nedis.
To wrik +tare wik wil +tai thoght,
Agh of him na stod +tam noght.
+tat boght +tai si+ten wijf and barn,
wit water ware +tai all for-farn,
Als +gee sal here how hit bi-fell
Quen i of noe flod sal tell;
For all war ille and nan war gode,
+tei drunkend all in +te flode. 

[} (\DE FINE ADE & OLEO MISERICORDIE\) }]

   Adam had pastd nine hundret yere,
Nai selcut +tof he wex vn-fere.
<P 80>
For-wroght wit his hak and spad
Of him-self he wex al sad.
He lened him +tan a-pon his hak,
Wit seth his sun +tus gat he spak: -  
"Sun," he said, "+tou most now ga
To paradis +tat i com fra
Til cherubin +tat [{es{] +te yateward."
"Yai, sir, wist i wyderward
+tat tat vneuth contre` ware,
+tou wat +tat i was neuer +tare."
+tus he said, "i sal +te sai
How-gate +tou sal tak +te wai;
Toward +te est end of +tis dale
Find a grene gate +tou sale;
In +tat way sal +tou find forsoth 
+ti moders and mine our bather slogh,
Foluand thoru +tat gresse gren,
+tat euer has si+ten ben gren,
+tat we com wendand als vn-wis
Quen we war put o paradis
vn-to +tis wreched warld slade,
+tar i first me self was made;
Thoru +te gretnes of our sin
Moght na gres groue si+ten +tar-in;
+te falau slogh sal be +ti gate
O paradis right to +te yate."
"Fader," he said, "sai me +ti will,
Quat sal i sai +tat angel till?"
"+tou sal him tell .I. am vnfere,
For I haue liued so mani a yere,
Ai in strijf and soruuing stad,
+tat o mi lijf I am al sad;
+tou prai him +tat he word me send
Quen I sal o +tis werld wend;
Ano+ter erand sal +tar be,
+tat he wald send me word wit +te,
<P 82>
Quedir +tat I sal haue it in hij
+te oile me was hight o merci,
+te tim +tat i lest paradis;
Well i knau now mi folijs,
A-gain godds wil haue i wroght,
And +tat sum-del haue .I. now boght;
Mi soru has ai si+ten ben neu,
Nou war it time o me to reu."
Seth went him forth wit-outen nai
To paradis +tat ilk way.
+te slogth he fand +tat him gan wiss
tilward +te +gate of paradis;
Quen [{he{] +tar-of son had a sight,
Al was he gloppend for +tat light;
+te mikel light +tat he sagh +tar
A brennand fire he wend it ware.
He seuid him, als his fader badd,
And +gode forth and was noght raadd.
+tis angel at +te +gatte he fand
And asked him of his errand.
Seth +ten sette him spell o-nend
And tald him warfor +tat he was send,
Tald him of his fader care,
Als he him taght sum yee herd are,
to send him word wen he suld dei,
to liue moght he na langar drei;
And wen +tat drightim had him tight
To send him +te oile +tat he him hight.
Quen cherubin +tis errand herd
Mikelik he him answard:
"Ga to +te +gatte," he said, "and lote 
+ti hed inwar, +ti self wit-outte,
And tent to thinges at +ti might
+tat sal be sceud vn-to +ti sight."
Quen seth a quil had loked in,
He sagh sua mikel welth and win,
<P 84>
It es in erth na tung may tell,
+tat flour, +tat frutte, +tat suette smell,
O blis and ioy sua mani thing;
In middes +te land he sagh a spring
Of a well +tat es vtenemes,
+tat oute of ran four gret stremmes;
Gyson, fison, tigre, eufrate,
+tis four mas al +tis erth wate;
Out-ouer +tat well +tan lokes he,
And sagh +tar stand a mikel tre,
Wit braunches fel, o bark al bare,
Was +tar na leue on, less na mare. 
Seth bigan to thinc for-qui
+tat +tis tre bi-com sua dri;
O +te steppes vmthoght he +tan
+tat welud war for sin of man;
+tat ilk schil did him to min
+tis tre was dri for adam sin.
He com +tan to +tat angel scene,
And sceud him al +tat he had sene;
Quen he his sight al had him tald,
He badd him eft ga to be-hald.
He loked in eft and stod +ter-oute,
And sagh +te thing +tat gart him doute;
+tis tre, +tat i of for-wit said,
A neddur hit hade al vmbilaid.
Cherubin, +tat angel blyth,
Bad him ga lok +te thrid syth;
+tis tre was of a mikel heght,
Him thoght +tan, at +te thrid sight,
+tat to +te sky it raght +te toppe;
A new born barn lay in +te croppe,
Bondon wit a sue+telband,
+tar him thoght it lay suelland;
He was al ferd wen he +tat sei
And to +te rotte he kest his he,
<P 86>
Him thoght it raght fra erth til hell,
Quare vnder he sagh his bro+ter abell;
In his saul he sagh him +tare
+tat caim slogh for-wit ful o care.
He went agayn +tan for to scau
To cherubin al +tat he sau.
Cherubin wit chere sa milde
Bigan to tel him o +tat child.
"+tis barn," he said, "+tat +tou has sene,
Is goddes sun wit-outen wene;
+ti fader sin now wepes he
+tat he sal clens sum time sal be,
Quen +te plente+g sal cum o time;
+tis is +te oile +tat was hight him;
Til him and til his progeni,
Wit pite sal [{he{] sceu his merci."
Quen seth had vnderstanden wele
+tat angel said him, ilk dele,
His leue wald tak at cherubin.
Pepins +ten he gaue him thrin,
+te quilk a +te appel tre he nam
+tat his fader ete of, adam.
"+ti fader," he said, "+tan sal +tou say
+tat he sal dei +te thrid day
Efter +tat +tou be commun ham,
And als he was turn in-to lam;
Bot +tou sal tak +tis pepins thre,
+tat .I. toke o +tat appel tre,
And do +tam vnder his tong rote,
+tai sal til mani man be bote;
+tai sal be cedre, ciprese, and pine,
O +tam sal man haue medicen.
+te fader in cedre +tou sal take,
A tre of heght, +tat has na make;
And cipres, be +te suete sauur,
Bitakens ur suete sauueur,
<P 88>
+te mikel suetnes +tat es +te sun;
+te pine to bere a frut es won;
Mani kirnels of a tre mast
Gain gifes o +te holi gast.
   Seth was of his errand fain
And sune com til his fader again.
"Sun," he said, "has +tou sped oght
Or has +tou ani merci broght?"
"Sir, cherubin +te hali angel
+tat es yateward, +te gretes wel,
Sais it sal negh +te warlds end,
Ar +tat oile +te may be send,
Thoro birth of a blisful child
+tat sal fra harm +te werld schild;
O +ti ded he bad me sai
Sal be to dai +te thrid dai."
Adam was for +tis ti+tand blith,
Sua glad was he neuer his sith;
Quen he herd he suld liue namare,
+tan he logh, bot neuer are;
And +tus on godd be-gan to cri: - 
"Lauerd, inogh now liued haue .i.,
+tou tak mi saul out of +te flexs
And do it ware +ti wils es."
Quat of +tis werld he was ful sad
+tare neuer a dai +tar in was glad,
+tat liued nine hundret yeir and mare,
And al his liue site and care;
And leuer was si+ten to lenger in hell
+tan langer in +tis liue to duell.
   Adam, al[{s{] him was tald be-forn,
Was ded apon +te thrid morn;
Doluen he was thoru seth his sun
In +te dale +tat hat ebron;
+te pipins war don vnder his tung,
+tar ras o +tam thre wandes yong;
<P 90>
Son of a nellen heght +tai ware,
+tai stod +tan still and wex na mare;
ful many yeir ilike grene,
Halines was o +tam sene.
Stil ai stod, +tai wandes thre
Fra adam tim until noe;
Fra noe quen +te flod ras
Til abraham +tat haly was;
Fra abraham ai stil stod +tai
Til moyses +tat gaf +te lai;
Euer stod +tai still in an,
Wit-outen wax, wit-outen wain.
Na mare o +te wandes now
Bot stori sal i rede +gow.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 208>
  +te first was born was rogh as hare,
+te to+ter child was smeth and bare.
He +tat was rugh was rede wit-al,
Esau +tai did him call.
Iacob hight +te yonger bro+ter,
His moder him luued mare +tan +tat to +ter,
For-+ti ne was he no+ter quar sent
Bot to +te huse ai tok he tent,
+te hus to kepe and ma +te mett,
Mast to +tat mister was he sett.
+te fader luued esau for fode,
For-qui +tat he was archer gode,
And, quen he wald, ai was he bun
To fete his fader venison,
And he was als +te for-mast born.
He delt als wit tilth o corn,
He cuth well als o waith sere,
O best o wode, o foghul riuere;
His fader +tat old was and vnfere
Oft he fed wit gode dinere.
God was +te werld in +tat sesun
And mikel it bar o benisun,
On god men +tat well held +te lai
On childer +tat he it wald on lai;
O blesing mai man bisin take
Bi childer of +tis ysaac,
How yonger o +tir tua
+te blissing stal his bro+ter fra;
Bot first es gode +tat it be tald
How esau his forbirth sald.
   Esau went for till hunt,
A day, sum he was oft wunt,
Bath on fer and ner he soght,
Bot +tat dai wayth +tan gatt he noght,
For haf man neuer sa gode graith
It es noght ilk dai, dai o waith,
<P 210>
Bot riueli +tat dai +tat men failes
Abute his waith most trauailles;
Quen he al weri was for-gan
Ham he tok his wai o-nan;
For hauk es eth, als i here say,
To reclaym +tat has tint his pray.
His bro+ter he fand giueand his tent
To grayth a riche pulment;
"O +tis kin mete now, bro+ter," he said,
"Giue me sum part +tat +tou has graythid,
Mette and drinc +tou has to will,
Bot lang es si+ten I ete my fill."
Iacob +tan said, "godd wit it,
To +te haf noght now graythid it;
+te mete mi moder me bi-taght,
For +tou and i er selden saght,
Abute our forbirth er we wrath;
Bot +tou sal suere me a nath,
   +tat +tou sal neuer forth fra to night
In +ti forbirth do claim na right."
"For-birth," he said, "quat serues me?
Bro+ter, atty will all sal be,
For hunger loo i dei right now."
+tan suer a nath him esau,
And for his fill o +tat potage,
Als a wreche, has sald his heritage.
He ete and dranc and went his wai
And tint his blissing fra +tat day;
Na bote it was +tof him for-thoght,
Godd wild it ware his +tat it boght.
   Sir ysaac +tat dughti man,
Vnfere and eld a-pon him ran,
O bodi failles him +te might,
And of his eigen alsua +te sight;
+te man +tat sua wit eld es dight
His dai es turned him to night,
<P 212>
And ha men neuer ben sa bald,
Quen +tat sua bicums ald,
His blode +tan wexus dri and cald,
Til vnwelth windes al his wald;
+te heued biginnes for to scak,
His hend vnquemli for to quak,
It crepes crouland in his bak,
And +te banes for to crak,
+te freli fax to fal of him,
And +te sight to wax well dim;
+te front it fronces +tat was scene,
+te nese it droppes ai bi-tuine,
+te teth to rote, +te aand at stinc,
Allan to liue trauail him thinc;
+tan es eth +te fote to spurn, 
Quen he falles wit his auen turn;
He praises al thing +tat es gon
O present thing he praisses non;
+tan es eth to mak him wrath,
To saxtend be es sumdel lath;
To wiss man wit his auen witt
He haldes nan sa wise als it;
Quen all wittes es him wan,
And will +tat welthes mast of an,
And na wil mai hald man in pai,  
Baldlik +tat dar i sai,
He +tat in suilk stat es stad
Es na gli mai mak him glad.
Eild es +tou a selcut thing,
+tat al it gerns +tat er ying;
Quen +tai it haue +tai are vnfayn,
And wald ha youthed +tan again;
+tan wald +tai be als +tai war ar,
Bot sua it mai be neuer mare.
   Sua has eild now +tis ysaac ledd
+tat he in langur lijs in bedd; 
<P 214>
Him wantes sight, als i said yow,
And cald on his son esau.
"Esau, life son," he said,
"Ga lok +ti tacle be puruaid,
And faand to stalk +te sa nere
+tat +tou mai drep me sum dere;
If +tou me dere flesse ani gete,
Gladli wald .i. +tar-of ete;
Leue sun +tou has hidir-till
Gladli don +ti fader will,
+tou ert schotter wit +te beist,
Bath in feild and in forest,
If +tou mai bring me any beist
+tou graith me ful fair and eist;
+tar-efter now mi langes sare,
+tar i lig her now, in bedd o care;
Sun," he said, ".i. will not lei,
It bes not lang +tat i ne dei;
Tac, bring me now sum venisum,
And +tou sal haue mi benison."
"Sir," he said, "blithlik and son,
If godd wil, sal +ti will be don."
   His moder tok tent to ysaac
And herd +te wordes +tat he spac.
Sco wist o lang liue was he noght,
A wyel sco hir vmbithogt.
Iacob hir sun cald hir vnto,
And +tusgat til him +tan said sco.
"Mi leif sun, i will +te warn,
For-qui +tou ert mi derest barn;
+ti fader has bidden +ti bro+ter gang
To get him waith and duell not lang,
+tat, if he ani waith mai gete,
He suld him dight +tar-of to ete,
For war he +tar-wit ans fedd,
Ar +tat he deied in car-ful bedd,
<P 216>
His benisun wald he him giue,
For lang he wat he mai not liue.
Bot life son, ful lath me ware
+tat he +tat blissing fra +te bare,
Vnhappi wreche has he ben ai,
+ti seli he sal noght bere a-wai;
Bot +tou sal do sun mi consail,
Wel i wat it sal +te wail;
Now high +te suith +tat +tou ne blin
Ar +tat +ti broi+ter be commen in,
O kyddes fatt +tou fett me tuin,
I sal +te ken ful gode a gin;
I sal +tam dight til his be-houe,
A mete als he was wonto loue;
It sal him sauur al to will,
Ete he sal +ter-of his fill;
Quen it es dight +tou it him reche,
Do now well, als i +te teche;
+tat he +te mai +te less mistru
+tou sal sai +tou ert esau,
Fra +te forest newli comen,
Venison +tou has him nommen,
Wit dainte dight til his be-houe;
+tou bidd him rise +tar-of to proue,
+tat +tou haue, for +tis reson,
O +te fader his benison."
   "Moder," he said, "wis war +ti lare,
If i ne dred a-no+ter fare;
+tou wat mi hid es smith and bar,
And esau es rugh wit har;
If mi fader +tat es now blind
Mai mi fallace oght vnderfind,
I dred me sare, for benison
He sal me giue his malison."
"Do wai, leue son," rebecca said,
"+tat malison on me be laid;
<P 218>
Bot +tat i badd +tou bring me son."
"Moder," he said, "it sal be don."
   .Iacob went vn to +te fald
And broght +te bestes forwit tald;
His moder dughtilik it dight,
Als sco him forwit had it hight,
And cled him, sum it was mete,
Wit his bro+ter robe +tat smelled suete;
Wit a rugh skin sco hidd his hals
and couerd +tar-wit his hands als,
+tat his fader suld al-gat tru
+tat he war his sun esau:
His moder him +tis mete bitaght
And he it suith his fader raght.
"Fader," he said, "sitt vp and ete,
I ha broght +ti +gerning mete."
"And quat art +tou?" +te fader said,
"Sir, i esau, +ti met es graithid."
"And quat-kin mete?" "sir, venisun,
Ete and giue me +ti benisun."
"How es it +tou sped sa son?"
"Godd," he said, "has herd mi bon,
And send it suyth vnto mi hand,
Men aght to thanc him his sand."
"Cum nere, leue son, and latte me fele
If +tou be he i luue sa wele."
Quen he had feld his fleirand cloth
And graped handes and hals both,
"+tis voice," he said, "+tat i here
Es o iacob, wit-outen were,
Bot hend and hals es als i tru
Mi dereli suns child esau;
+te odor o +ti uestement
It smelles als o piement,
I sal wend forth, +tou duells here,
Mi blissing son +tan sal +tou bere:
<P 220>
+ti bre+ter be +tin vnderlute
And alle +tat wonnes +te a-boute;
All +taa +tat blisses +te
Sal +tam-self blessed be,
And all +tat bedes +te maliscun
Sal bere it on +tair auin crun."
He ete and dranc +tat was his will,
And sithen his sun he cald him till,
His brade blissing he him gaue
+te quilk his bro+ter wend at haue,
And mad him lauerd ouer all his kin;
Bot +tat was wit his moder gin,
His moder consail was +tar-to,
And godd wald +tat sco sua suld do.
+tis iacob went quan sua was don, 
And esau com efter son.
"Fader," he said, "vp on +ti bedd,
I haue +te broght quar-of be fedd
O venisun, .I. here +te bring,
Ete and giue me +ti blissing."
His fader him asked, "quat art +tou?"
"+ti sun," he said, "i esau."
"Was +tou not at me right now,
And fedd me wit +ti fang i trau?"
"I?" he said, "nai, nai goddote,
Moght i not be sua light o fote."
Wit +tis gaue ysaac a grane;
"Sun," he said, "right nou was an
+tat first me fedd, and sythen me kist,
And me be-suak, +tat i ne wist,
Mi benisun now has +ti broi+ter."
"And fader," he said,"has +tou non o+ter?"
"Nai sun, als i mot ha mede."
"Allas! quat i am broght in nede,
A-way he has mi blissing born,
Sua did he als +tat to+ter morn;
<P 222>
He has me don oft mikel scham,
Right-wisli es iacob his nam,
+tat es to sai, wit right langage,
Supplanter als of heritage;
For quen i formast born suld be,
Wit strengh a-gain +ten drou he me;
He has me don oft vn-resun
And no me reft mi benisun,
Me es sua waa, almast i weede;
Fader, +tis was na bro+ter dede,
Consail me, fader, how to liue."
"Wi, quatkin consail mai i +te giue?"
"And es +tar nakin blessing left?"
"Nai, +ti broi+ter it has +te reft."
"And, fader, es +tar na no+ter wan?"
"Wane," he said, "es +tar bot an,
In dew and gress sere o +torth
Sal be +ti blissing fra no forth;
Wit erth trauaill, and sua +tou do,
And prai godd send his dew +ter-to."
"Lauerd," he said, "wat es me best,
Mi hert bes neuer broght in rest,
Bituixand +tis iacob be slan,
If he mai o+ter be ouertan."
+tis esau wit his manace
Oute o +te land did iacob chace;
Quen +te moder sagh it was sua
He soght his bro+ter for to sla,
Sco send him son in-til aran,
Til hir bro+ter +tat hight laban,
+tar-to suiorn for hir sake,
Til +tat his bro+ter wreth suld slake.
Be night flum iordan he wode
And thoru a wildernes he yode,
He loked war +tat him war best,
And be +te wai he tok his rest.
<P 224>
He hent a stan he fand him bi,
And +tar-on laid his hefd to li.
In slepe he sagh stand vp a sti,
Fra his heued right to +te ski,
Apon +te sti +tat +tar was bun
Angls climand vp and dun.
Open him thoght +te +gate of heuen,
And herd o drightin suilk a steuen:
"Godd and lauerd," he said, "i am
Of ysaac and als of abraham:"
"Jacob," he said, "+tou sal ha tuin
Wiues o +ti auen kin,
Tua doghters o laban, +ti nem,
+tat +tou sal haf wit barn-tem;
Wit +te i sal be in al +ti nede
And gar +tin oxspring wide spred;
I sal be for +tin eldres sake
With +te, and esau for-sake."
Wel was he gladed o +tis sight,
Fulsotht him thoght he slep +tat night.
On the morn, wen it was dai,
Iacob ras fra +tar he lai,
And said, "our lauerd, wit-outen were,
+tat i wist noght es wonnand here;
Her es na no+ter thing," said he,
"Bott godds hus and heuen entre."
+te stan his heued lai on +tat night,
In takning, he is sett vp right,
And oyel he yeett apon +tat stan
And made to godd a voo onan,
And said, "if drightin be my freind 
And lede me in +tis wai i wend, 
And mete me send, and drinc, and clath,
And bring me again, wit-outen wath,
Vnto mi kyth +tat i com fra,
If i find he me ledes sua,
<P 226>
Mi godd he sal be and mi king;
And +tis stan stand als in takening,
And +tis sted fra +tan it sal
Be cleped godds auen hall;
Of all +te god he dos me weild
Lelik his tend i sal him yeild."
   Iacob went him forth his wai,
Faand quare thre floks o beistes lai,
Be-side a well, a-pon a feild,
And sagh +te well be a doun heild,
A mikel stan apon it lai,
+tis bestes dranc +tar-at ilk dai;
+te hirdes bi +taim fand he +tare,
He spird +taim que+ten +tai ware.
+tai said, "sir, we ar of aran."
"And knau yee oght," he said, "laban?"
"Sir ya, he es bath hail and fere,
Ya hail and sound, wit-outen were;
His doghtur yonder i se, rachell,
Bringand his beistes til +te well;
For all beistes ar broght hider,
Euer ilk dai at drinc to-geder."
Wit +tis come rachell, +tat maiden,
And iacob lifted vp +te sten,
And spak +tan wit +te damisel,
And kythed him wit may rachell.
"Quat art +tou," he said, "lemman?"
"Sir, mi fader es cald laban."
Abute hir hals +tan he hir hent,
And thris he kyst hir ar he stent.
"I am iacob, +ti cosin nere,
For +ti luue am i commen here."
+tai mai quen sco can vnderstand 
+tat iacob suld be hir husband,
To laban tald sco new ti+tand,
And he him ledd in be +te hand.
<P 228>
+tai frannid o +tar frendes fare,
And +tam cald bath less and mare.
Laban for fainnes did him call
For his neueu his frendes all;
And si+ten he did him for to sai
Quat was +te chesiun of his wai.
"Sir, +te soth i wil +te tell,
+ti doghter for to spus, rachell."
"+tan sal +tou serue me seuen yeir,
Ar +tou sal haue mi doghter dere."
"Blithli, sir, sua sal it be."
Fra +tan wit laban duelled he,
+te eilder sister he for-sok,
For sco gleied, als sais +te bok;
For to serue for rachel fre
He was master hird of his fee;
It was ferli in +tat siquar
How fast +tai multiplid +tar.
Quen +tat +te seuen yere war gane
Iacob hasked his lemman.
Laban said, "frend, ful blethli."
Bot +tar he did a trecheri,
For +tan he had may rachell wedd,
Lia he stall vn-til his bedd;
Bisid lya al night he lai,
His vnwitand, til it was dai;
Bot quen he wist it o +te morn,
Ful wa was him +tat he was born;
Fra hir he ras and siked sare
And asked wa +tan broght hir +tare.
"Laban," sco said, "allas for sinn
Qua wend he wald +tus me biginn."
+tan did he laban to resun: - 
"Qui has +tou don me sli tresum?"
"Vr lagh," he said, "+tat we in liue
Wil first our elder doghter giue.
<P 230>
Bot, neuou, murn +tou na wight,
+tou sal haue rachell, als i hight;
And +tat mai be nano+ter wis
Bot yeit for+ti seuen wintur seruis,
To quils haa lya in +ti bedd,
For-soth +tan sal +tou rachel wedd."  

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 420>
   Prophet he was, sir samuel,
Wel luued wit godd, for he was lel.
<P 422>
+te Iuus, wit +tair mikel pride,
Efter him +tai sent +tat tide,
"Lauerdinges," he said, "sais me quartill
Haf yee me fott? quat es your will?"
"Gett vs a king." "quat, er yee wodde!
Ha yee noght now a king ful gode,
+tat fra your faas thoru see yow ledd,
And si+ten wit riche manna yow fedd,
And mani werkes for yow wroght?"
"Sir," +tai said, "+tou sais for noght,
Gett vs a king +tat vs mai ledd,
Als we se haf all o+ter thedd."
"Parfai," +tan answard samuel,
"Yee ar to fraward wit to dele,
For noi+ter [{ar +ge{] war ne wise,
Bot for your riches ouer [{nise.{]
Nu ar yee bath in rest and pees,
Yow langes certes haf malees,
For-soth i sai, and sal a-wou,
Ful sare yee sal repent yow.
Noght yow allan, bot your oxspring,
Sal reu ful sare your will +gerning,
For it es wel worthye +tat qua
Mai bere no wel ne thole na wa."
   Sare weped samuel wit +tis,
Til him com drightin, lauerd o blis,
And thris he cald on samuel,
"Lauerd," he said, "i here +te wel."
"Mi folk," said drightin, "ful fraward
+tai seke +tam-self o a gret ougard,
+tai ask now o+ter king +tan me,
Ful ilhail sal +tai it se;
+tat +tai desire, +tai sal it haue,
To +tair aun heued a staue.
Omang +tir puple sal +tou latt
A stalworth man +tat saul haitt,
<P 424>
Wit hei schuldres bath thik and brade,
Of him +tan sal +tair king be made,
Sin +tai ha +tus forsaked me,
He sal be [{enoynted{] +tair king to be."
   Son +tai did saul be soght,
Funden and forth was he broght,
He was hegher +tan ani man
Bi +te schuldres +tat was funden +tan.
+tis saul haue +tai mad +tair king,
Wit smerl and als wit coruning.
Ful wre+ter hail to +tair be-houe
And sun on +tam sa gun it proue,
For was +tar +tan na langer bide,
Men werraid +tam on ilka side,
+tat +tai wit-in a tuel-moth stage,
War put vte o +tair heritage.
+tan bigan +tai cal and cri,
+tat godd o +tam suld ha merci;
And samuel, +tat wist +tair wa,
Cald on godd for +taim al-sua.
Drightin said, "+tou fill +ti horn
Wit oile, and weind +te forth to morn,
Vntil a man +tat hatt iesse,
In bethleem sal he funden be.
+tou sal him find in bethleem,
Seuen suns he has to barntem,
On o +taim +tou sal ma king,
For saul dredes me na thing: - 
For-+ti wit caitiuete and care
He sal vte o +tis werld fare,
For ar +tat he be slain in wer
+te find he sal in bodi ber,
+tat him sal trauail dai and night,
And laithli sal his licam dight."
   "Parfai, lauerd," said samuel,
"Ic herd noght o +tat iesse tel,
<P 426>
Ne his suns ne him i knau,
+tat childs nam yee will me scau."
"Yijs," he said, "i sal +te ken
To knau him a-mang o+ter men,
In visage es he bright and clere,
In red of heu, o laghand chere;
His fader in all has suns seuen,
+te yongest es he +tat i +te neuen,
Bath wis and hend, and o god fame."
"Quat hatt he?" dauid es his name.
And for +tat he es warr and wis,
I haue him chosen to +tis seruis;
His sede and his barntem
Ouer al men i sal maintein,
His faas sal noght a-gain him wail,
For him ne his sal i noght fail.
Vn-to king +tou sal him smer
Mi beniscun +tan sal he ber."
   Samuel went secand +te land
Til he +te hus o iesse faand,
Iesse him vnderfang ful fair,
And samuel him tald his air.
"Cummen i am," he said, "iesse,
An o +ti suns for to se."
"Sir," he said, "and +tat mai yee,
Your word es commament to me."
His suns sex +tat war at hame,
All he did +tam call be nam
Bot +te yongest +tat was a-wai,
"Sir," he said, "sir iesse, sai
Quar es +tin al+ter-yongest son?"
"He es," he said, "+tar he es won,
Wit our scep apon +te lau."
"Do fott me him, him wald i knau."
+tai did him fott, and he come skete,
And hailsed hendli +tat prophete.
<P 428>
He kneu him quen he him beheild,
Bi takens was him forwit teld.
[{Enoynted{] he was wit-vten bade,
And king vte-ouer +te Iuus made.
Bot +tof he +tar was [{sm{]erld king,
O +te kingrike al gouerning
He entir-mett him in na dede,
Bot til his schepe again he yede.
Godds gast in him was sent
Fra +tan it was fra saul went;
Dauid cuth on sere-kin note
Bath he cuth on harpe and rote,
Quen he wit his gleu him gammen,
His scepe +tam-self war sembel samen
Of his suete gleuing for to here,
+te men was won to drau ham nere.
  Saul was yeitt in sted o king,
Bot he moght do na gouerning,
+te find was in his licam fest,
He thold him to haue na rest.
+tan said +tai all, "quat sal we do
Wit vr king, mai haf na ro,
He es ai vte o wite als wode.
Hu sal we meke his menged mode?
He es sua ful o wickedhede,
Ful waful lijf we wit him lede."
+tan spak a godman on +tat throm,
"Bot do we littel dauid cum,
Wit his harp, be-for +te king;
We sal him do bath gleu and sing
+tat quils he til him tas kepe
+te king he sal do fall on-slepe."
Forth +tan did +tai dauid bring,
Gleuand he sang be-for +te king,
And gert him wit his melodi
Fal on-slepe, +tat was weri.
<P 430>
Quil wit gleu, and quil wit sang,
And +tus he serued saul lang,
+tat ai quen he was trauaild mast
Thoru a wreche vn-roful gast,
And he bigan to gleu or sing,
Of his vn-ro he tok lething.

   to-quils come in philistiens,
+tair felun faas +tat was paens,
+tar oueral +te cuntre spredd, 
+tai wasted godes and awai ledd.
+tai broght wit +tam goli, +tat eten,
In fule hordom +tan was he geten,
Gret he was wit-all, and hei,
And semed sathan on to sei
Bituix his eien, thre fote brade,
Ful lath it was his visage made.
O bodi gret, o granis lang,
Vnsternli semed he be strang,
Sex eln and mare he had on hight,
And was all armed for to fight.
Of his metscip was mesur nan,
He wald ete seuen scep him an.
"Quare es now," said he, "saul +te king?
Moght i euer wit me wit him ming
Suld he neuer aftur ber cron,
I suld him sla, bi sir mahun!
Quine cums he-self, or send his saand?
Wit him i wald mi forces faand,
Or send me a man to me hidder,
+tat i and he mai fight to-gidder,
And qua o+ter ouer-cum in feild
+te to+ter folk al til him yeild.
A man o +tair gains an of vr,
If vrs mai him win in stur,
<P 432>
+tat +tai be vrs and +tair airs;
If +tai win vrs +tat we be +tairs.
And her i bede mi-self redi,
For to fight for vr parti."
Ilk dai he come in place,
And batail bede wit sli manace,
Ai quen +tat +te folk him soght sau
+tam stode of him ful mikel au.
"Allas," he said, king saul, +tan,
"Allas! quar sal we find a man
+tat dar +te fight, for mi sake,
Again yon warlau vndertake?
+te man +tat him wald fight a-gain,
And moght ouer-cum him wit his main,
I suld him riche in all his lijf,
And giue mi doghter him to wijf."
+tis herd dauid, and forth can stand,
"Sir king," he said, "hald me couenand,
I tru truli in godds might,
+tat i sal vnder-tak +te fight,
Agains yon gerard +tat es sa grim,
Wit godds grace i sal sla him.
Again yon wreche hai+ten thing,
For-soth haf i na dred, sir king;
He traistes al in his aun hand,
And ic in him es all weldand."
   To dauid said saul +te king,
"I hope +tartil +tou be ful ying,
Yon es a stalworth batail wright,
And +tou lered neuer for to fight.
If he sla +te, als god for-bede,
All mon we hald of ha+ten lede.
Quat bot to lese +ti lijf, leue page,
And we to +tam ma si+ten homage?"
   "Do wai," sir king, "es noght to drede
+tat godd will help, dut es na nede 
<P 434>
Apon a dai mi seep i gette,
A bere, a leon, bath i mete;
I had na help bot me allan,
And drightin +tat me lent his lan;
+tai soght me for to ren[{d{] and riue,
And i laid hand on +taim be-liue,
And scok +tam be +te berdes sua
+tat i +tair chafftes raue in tua,
Wit-vten glaiue or suerd or knijf,
Bath i refte +tam +tair liue.
He +tat me +tar +te maistre gaue,
He me do it here to haue.
It es noght worth, leif sir king,
+tat man in godd haue mistrouing."
"Ga +tan," he said, "in godds grith,
+tat he-self ai be +te with,
Gaes and fottes me in hij,
Mine aun armur to child daui."
Helm and haubere on him +tai did,
And gird him wit a suerd emid;
Quen +tat dauid was armed sua,
Forth a fote ne moght he ga,
Ne for+terward ne yeitt o bake,
Bot +tar he stod als still os stake.
His arms fra him did he suing,
And tok bot a staf and a sling
+tat he was wont to bere in hand,
Abute his flock o scep walcand.
He tok fiue stans rond o quin,
And put +tam in his scrip wit-in.
"Dos awai," he said "+tis gere,
Certes can i nan armes bere;
Bot wit mi sling i sal him fell,
Do ga we forth, wit-vten duell."
Quen dauid went him forth in route,
He sagh +te folk, +tai war in dute,
<P 436>
For to gar +tam wit hope to bald,
+tus he +tam his resun tald.
"Qui suld man," said he, "be sua radd
+tat es in rightwis batail stadd,
And qua-sa fightes in wrangwisnes,
Him helpes noght his Irinnes,
For noi+ter irin, ne yeitt ne stile,
Mai wer man wrangwis werkes wele.
For godd es euer on rightwis side,
Werraiand again wrangwis pride.
All yee wat we haue +te right,
For-+ti sal drightin for vs fight,
He sal vs now helpe wit his grace,"
Wit +tis he come vnto +te place.
   Quen golias on him bi-held,
Ful littel tale of him he teld,
Bot held him als for in despite,
And +tus bigan on him to flite.
"Quat! wyns+tou i am a hund,
Wit +ti stans me for to stund?
Cum forth wreche, wit-vten bade,
+ti flesche sal foghul fud be made."
Dauid ansuard, "if godd wil, nai!
I haue in drightin fest mi fai,
Wit armes cums +tou me again,
And i agains +te al plain,
I cum agains +te in his nam,
+tat +tou has said despite and scham;
+tou has him and his in despite,
+tat wit his grace i sal +te quite.
+ti bodi sal i giue to gifte,
To ete wit foghuls of +te lift,
+tat all mai wit +tat godd o might
Sauues noght man in wapen bright,
Bot for to trou in him stedfast,
And stabel in his lai to last."
<P 438>
  "+tou es," coth golias, "bot ded."
Coth dauid, "godd i tak to red."
"Wil +tou, coth goli, "fight wit me?"
"I red be-time +tou he+ten fle."
"Fle +tat wynnes to haue +te warr,
For ar i fle i sal cum nerr."
Wit +tat stan he laid in sling,
Sua stalworthli he lete it suing
+tat in his frunt +tat stan he fest,
+tat bath his eien vte can brest;
Wit +tis he fel, was na selli,
And vte his suerd +tan drou daui,
And hedded him wit his aun brand,
And broght it +te king to presand.
+te sarzins war +tar neigh be-side
All fled, durst +tai na langer bide,
Bot +tar was mani feld to grund,
And mani feld wit dedes wond.

   Dauid went ham wit gret honur,
And thanked godd, +tair creatur,
And mikel he was, +te soth to sai,
Loued and dred forth fra +tis dai.
Wit yong and ald, wit pour and rike,
+tai louued him all o +tat king-rike.
To iursalem +tat heued bar +tai,
+tai karold wimmen be +te wai,
O +tair karol suilk was +te sang,
+tat +tai for ioi +tam sang a-mang,
"Saul has smitten a thusand,
Ten thussand fel in  dauid hand."
For +tis word was saul wrath,
For oft sith was he bremli brath.
"I haue a thussand feld, hou sua!
And dauid has ten thusand ma!
<P 440>
Quat of al es nou him wan,
Bot +tat he es noght king allan."
For los +tat dauid wan +tat sith,
Wald neuer saul lok on him blith;
He dred his kingdom to lese,
at +tai to king suld dauid chese,
He hated him als his ful fa,
Fra +tan he waited him to sla;
Oft sal be quit +tam on +tis wise,
+tat to li+ter lauerd dos seruise.
   +te to+ter morn her after-ward
+te warlau trauail saul fulhard,
Als he was won bi-gan to rage,
And als dauid him come to suage,
+te king til him wit a sper
In breth he wald him thoru ber.
+tat thoru he had his bodi born,
If he ne had blenked him be-forn.
Awai +tan drou him son daui,
Bot saul dred him no for-+ti,
And of a thusand men o wal,
He made him ledder and marscal,
And thoght, and +tus said in his mode,
"+tat i him sla, it es noght god,
Bot elles i sal him lat al-an,
Philistiens sal be his ban."
He asked dauid if he wald
His doghter wedde, to haue and hald,
To +te conuenand for to bring
An hundreth hefds to +te king
O +tat folk +tat was +tar fede;
Dauid yod forth with drightin rede.
   Wit +tat vnled son dauid mete,
And wightli wan o +tam his dete.
Again a hundret +tat saul soght,
Dauid him +tar +te dubul broght;
<P 442>
+te king his doghter him gaue onan
+tat hight micol, a fair womman.
+te king sun, hight ionathas,
To dauid tru felau he was,
+tan bade +te kinf [{wha{] moght ouerta,
His magh dauid man suld him sla;
To seke him als his ful faa;
+tar-for was Ionathas ful wa,
And paind him, wit al his maght,
To mak +te king and dauid saght.
Bifor +te king he dauid broght,
Bot efter son was alfor noght.
Son efter +tis a batail ras,
And dauid went a-gain his faas,
[{+ti{]s batail it was hard i-nogh,
[{And{] dauid fast on his faas slogh.
[{+ter{] mani man fell vnder scheild,
Bot with dauid be-left +te feild. 
Bot yeit +te warlau +tat was wont
Trauail +te king a litel stunt,
Dauid him gleud wit his harp,
+te king +tan hent a sper scarp
To stair him thoru vnto +te wau;
Bot dauid sagh, and blenked lau.
In-til his hus +tan dauid fledd,
Bot ar +te king wald ga to bedd,
He sent his men his hus a-bute
At wait +te morn quen he com vte,
Him to sla if +tai moght mete;
Bot micol vte bi night him lete,
Vte at a priue dern postel,
And he him fledd to samuel,
+tat duelland was in ramatha.
Son to +te king tald was it sua,
And his reners he +teder send
For to rauis dauid he wend;
<P 444>
Bot +tarto moght +tai neuer win,
For felaghscep +tat he was in,
And godds grace +tat was him with,
Sauued him euer in god and grith.
O-mang his kin in priuete,
Als he war vtelau, sua wond he;
+te god men thoght, o +tat cuntre,
+tair suns send wit him to be.
   Saul him soght oft her and +tar,
Als +tof his wi+terwin he war,
He wist if he to lijf moght stand
He suld be king ouer al +tat land,
And childer of his aun sede,
Suld be for-driuen vte wit nede.
For-+ti he hight +tam giftes rijf,
+tat suld bring dauid of his lijf.
In feild and tun, in frith and fell,
Saul soght dauid for to quell;
+tat oft +te chances sua +tai fell,
+tat neli was +tam noght e-mell.
And dauid, +tat was mild o mode,
Again il ai wroght he gode,
+tat oftsithes moght he him ha tan,
And if he wald him might ha slan;
For fra +te kings aun bedd
+tus he broght a priue wedd.
   In +tat si-quar +tat he him soght
Wit all +te mightes +tat he moght,
He sett his tentes in a dale,
+tar of him tald dauid na tale.
Quen it was naght +tan cald daui,
An of his aun al priueli,
Wit him allan stilli +tai went,
Vn-to +te kings aun tent,
+te king and all his folk +tai fand,
In +tair beddes ful fast slepand.
<P 446>
+te squier hight abysai,
+tat to +te tent com wit daui,
"Sir," he said, "wit +te leue o yow,
I wil him sla ful eth es now.
Thoru his licam i sal him smit,
+tat euer o him +tou sal be quit."
Dauid +tan said, "drightin for-bede
+tat +tou suld thinc to do suilk a dede,
Or euer him do despit or scam,
+tat drightin smerld has in his nam."
Of al +tat ilk kings ger,
Bot a cupe he tok and a sper,
Na mar broght he wit him vte,
+tan slep +tai al was him a-bute.
Sua yod he forth, nan moght him der,
+tan he cried vnto +tat her,
"How ha yee gett your king," said he,
"His cupe, his sper, lok quar +tai be,
+tat war bath don at his heued,
Lokes nou +tar if +tai be leued."
   Quen king saul had herd +tat cri,
"Es +tat," he said, "mi sun daui?"
"Ya, soth," said dauid, "it es i,
Quarfor me sekes +tou, and qui?
Gladli wald i be on-knaun
Qui sekes +tou me +tat es +ti naun?"
"Soth," said saul, "wit-vten wene,
+te mis es min, +tat es wel sene."
"Nou her i leue +te kinges glaiue,
Yee send a man at it receiue,
He +tat al rightes wit na ros
Sal ilk man yeild after he dos."
   Son efterward, it was not lang,
Gain saul +tai gaf batail strang,
+taa sarzins +tan +te king vm-sett,
In hard strur +tai samen mett,
<P 448>
Ful snaip it was +tair stur and snell,
+te folk al fled of israel.
+tar +tai fell +tat moght not fle,
O-pon +te mont o gelboe,
Dughti berns was +ter slan,
+te king suns and Ionatan.
O +tis batail +tat was sa snell,
+te force a-pon +te king it fell,
Mani gode archer +tan was +tar
+te king saul was wonded sare.
+tan said +te king til his squier,
+tou dragh +ti suerd and sla me her,
Or +tat i be, mai fall, ouertan,
Wit hand o sarzin and slan.
+te squier did noght als he badd,
For he-self first was selcuth radd,
+tan drogh saul self his suord
And ran him-self a-pon +te ord.
Quen his squier him sagh +tus ded,
He did him-self +tat ilk red,
Apon his aune suerd he res.
And wit his lauerd ded he es,
+tat was a murnand dai to min,
O saul and his suns thrin,
And al his folk +tat was kene,
Slan ar +tei now al bidene.
+te sarzins on +tat to+ter dai
Fand quare saul bodi lai,
+te hefd +tai smat of o +te king,
And sent his bodi for to hing.
His men +tam come on nightertale,
Wit +taim a-wai his bodi stale,
And priuelie it for to hide,
+tai duelled in a wod side.
Fourti winter was he king,
And now yee herd haue his ending. 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 548>
   It was a king o mikel pris,
Wight he was worthi and wis,
+tis ilk king +tat i of mon
He had an anlepe son,
+tat wit his fader was sa wele
+tat wist his wisdom ilk dele,
In all wisdoms was he rike,
And algat til his fader like;
Of a will wit him and a might,
His fader wroght wit his insight,
All +tat his fader wald ha wroght
Thoru him til end it suld be broght.
And doghtres four +tan had +tis king,
To quam ilkan he gaf sum-thing
Of his might and of his bounte,
Als feird to has sli sisteres fre,
Ilkan sum-dri gift he gaue
Parti wit him-self to haue,
Bath of his wisdom and his might,
Als ilkan fell to haue be right.
Of his sustenance he gaf ilkan,
And ilkan gaf he substance an,
Als to +tair fader it aght to fere,
Wit-vten quilk on na manere
Moght he in pes his kingrik yeme,
Ne rightwisdome +tar-in to deme.
<P 550>
+tair names sal yee here for-qui,
+te first o +tam was cald merci,
+te to+ter was hatten sothfastnes,
+te thrid o dom +te rightwisnes,
Pees +te feirth sister hight;
Wit-vten +tir has king na might
For to lede his lauerdhede.
+tis ilk king, +tat i of rede,
A seruand had in his baili
+tat gain his lauerd had don foli, 
And thoru dom +tat loked was,
Was don to pine for his trespas,
And til his aun fa felun
Was he be-taght for to prisun,
For he ne had neuer sa gret envie,
Als +tis man for to be baillie.
Quils he was in +tat prisun sua,
His witherwin him wroght ful wa;
Quen merci sagh him suagat be
Of him sco can haf pite,
Sco moght hir forbere nathing,
Bot forth sco went be-for +te king
For to sceu him hir resun,
And forto liuer vte +tat prisun.
"Fader," sco said, "+ti doghter am i,
Als +ti-self wat witerli,
Fild i am of buxumnes,
O mikel reuth and o suetnes,
+ti gift es me leue mi dere fader,
For-+ti +tou here nu mi praier,
O +tis wreche prisun +tat es,
+tat he moght haue forgi[{u{]nes,
+tat lijs vnder his witherwin,
Bath in prisun stad and pin;
+tat thoru a fals hight him bisuak,
And did sua to do gret vtrak,
<P 552>
+tat falser falshed him es hight,
+tat falshede sekes dai and night,
And falshede to +tam yolden be,
And +te prisun be sald to me.
For +tou art, als all knaus +te,
King o mekenes and o pite.
+tin eldest doghter +tou wat i am,
Of all +tin werkes es mi nam,
+ti doghter ne aght i neuem me,
Bot i ne of him ne had pite.
Merci he aght to haue wit right,
For +tin grett wijt and +tin insight,
And +ti pite +tat es sa suete
Aght +ti prisun o bandes bete.
I sal noght fine merci to cri
Bituixand he haue +ti merci."
Quen sothfastnes herd +tis talking
+tat merci +tus bisoght +te king,
And +tat sco was algat a-bute
For to bij his prisun vte,
Be-for +te king fote sco stode,
And said, "leue fader fair and gode,
Sli selcut haue i herd to-dai,
+tat i mai not forber to sai
O mi sister suete +tat es,
Merci, +tat wit hir suetnes
His prisun wald deliuerd war,
+te quilk sothfastnes wald for-fare.
Bot merci no hir aght spede
Bot if +tat sothfastnes it lede.
If mi sister saue moght all 
+tat sco wald for cri or call,
+tou suld +tan be duted noght,
Ne man misdedes suld be boght.
Bot +tou ert king +tat es sothfast
O rightwisnes, and sua stedfast
<P 554>
+tat +tou will soth here euer and ai;
And +tis prisun +tat i o sai
+tat pite of him-self had noght,
Hu sal o+ter reu of him oght?
Dome be-houes him thol for-+ti
All his misdede wit for to by."

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 1006>
Vp-stode and said sir nichodeme,
"God men, for goddes luue tas yeme
Quat yee sai, and sais bot right,
And has sum drednes o your dright;
Ne herd yee quat +tis thre men said,
And on your lai +tair hend +tai laid
And suar, +tat +tai and o+ter fele
Sagh iesum wit his meigne mele
And stei up in a littel stunt
Til heuen fra oliuete +te mont?
And hali storis tels and sais
+tat helias, in ald dais,
Was taken up als vnto heuen, -  
I-nogh ha yee herd +tar-of neuen; -  
His sun men asked quar he was cummen,
And he +tam said he was be-nummen,
'Reft awai for-soth es he
'Reft,' coth +tai, 'hu mai +tis be?
Mai fall sum gast awai him ledd,
And es vnto +te felles fledd.
In israel er hei felles.
+tar es he soth and no+ter elles:
Bot chese we dughti men and lele
To seke +te montz of israel.'
+tai praid his sun him ga to seke,
And he went and o+ter men him eke,
Bot quen +tai thre dais had him soght,
Na ti+tand hame of him +tai broght.
For-+ti," said nichodeme, to +taa,
"Mi rede es if yee rede ne sua,
Yee seke +taa felles all to-gedir,
+tat iesus be noght rauist +tider,
+tat if we find him +tar wit chaunce
We mai do for up plight penance."
<P 1008>
   All +te Iuus, less and mare,
O +tis consail +tai paid war,
And ches men +tat +tai wel a-woud
And wel right als +taim-self +tai troud;
Bath +tai soght +taim don and dale,
Bot o iesu herd +tai na tale.
Walawai! quat +tai war blind,
Quen +tai wend iesum sua to find.
For him to find qua will him seke,
+tair mode til him +tai most meke     
To knau him godd of all weldand,
+tan sal he find him bun at hand,
Mightili in al his nede,
To suilk he wil his bodi bede.
For +tof he sitt in heuen hall,
Yeitt es he +tar-wit ouer all,
Mightili bath ferr and nere,
And mist noi+ter in heuen +ten here.
+tai +tat traistli in him truus,
His blissing to +taa men he buus;
Bot sua did noght +tir caitif Iuus,
Sent in to clinttes and in to clous
To seke iesu if he was reft,
Wit ani gast and +tar bi-left;
He +tat alle gastes, god and ill,
Has for to weld all at his will!
For-+ti +taa Iuus war full medd,
+tair sandes come again vn-spedd
+tai war for-soght +tam vp and dun;
Bot ioseph in his aun tun,
+tai said +tai fand, in aramathi,
For +tar +tai sagh him sikerli.
Princes and preistes o +te lai,
All on +tis ti+tand wonder +tai,
And thanked +tair godd of israel,
+tat sua-gat can his dedis dele,
<P 1010>
+tat ioseph suld be funden +tus
+tat prisund was, and noght iesus.
   +tai mad a gadring gret in dern,
"God men," +tai said, "lok we nu gern,
Hu we moght do yon dughti gum,
Ioseph, until us for to cum,
To tel vs of his aun state,
And o+ter thinges +tat he wate."
+tai did +tan for to write a writt - 
+tis +tan was +te tenur of hit.
"Pais," +tai said, "ioseph and grith,
Haf +tou and all +tat es +te wit,
We haf we wat wel don plight,
Bath agains +te and dright,
And +tat-self drightin has to broght
Fra wicked wrang we on +te soght.
It sal be beit al +te to queme;
Wald +tou me leif freind to seme
For to cum wit us to mele;
Pais haf +tou, Ioseph, and hele."
   +tai send forth seuen men o wale,
War mast to ioseph speciale,
And badd quen +tai wit ioseph mett,
Wit pais and luue he suld be grett.
Son in his hand he +te letter sett,
For wel suld all +te brest be bett.
Ioseph +tai faand, +te stori sais,
Al bun at ham in his palais;
+tai hailsed him wit-vten let,
And raght him for to rede +tat scritte.
Quen he had +tat letter redde,
Vp til-ward heuen his hend he bedd,
"I blisce +te, lauerd, +tou me has gett
And sauf vnder +ti wenges sett;"
+taa messagers he kist +tam all,
And hendli gesten +tam in hall,
<P 1012>
Ful wel war +tai wit him +tat night.
+te morn his ass +tan can he dight,
To ierusalem he tok +te strete,
+te Iuus cum him for to mete.
And all +tai said ioseph to-gedir,
"Paisful bi +ti cuming hider."
And ioseph sli greting +tam gaf,
"Godds peis mot yee all haf,"
He kist +taim all, wit-vten blin,
Wit nichodeme he tok his hin,
He was gestend ful wel at es.
+te to+ter morn, als +te stori sais,
Come caiphas, anna, nichodemus,
+tat ioseph did to resun +tus,
   "Ioseph, to godd of israel
Scriue +te, and sai +te soth and lele
O thing +tat we sal at +te frain,
+te soth we prai +te noght to lain,
All we cund +te mikel graim
For iesu +tou grufe his licam;
In a hus we lokked +te,
Bot quen we com +te for to se,
O +te na takning fand we +tar,
Quarfor we for-wondred ware,
And war we for +te dredand sare
Til nu. tel us nu o +ti fare,
To godd and hus, wit-vten hon,
+tou tell quat thing o +te was don."
   Ioseph ansuard, "i sal yow sai,
Yee sperd me soth on a fridai,
At euen-tide in to +tat stede;
And als i stod saiand mi bede,
+te seterdai, +tan at mid-night,
+tat i +tar sagh suilk was +te sight.
Bi nokes four +te hous up hang,
And son +tar-efter, was noght lang,
<P 1014>
I sagh cumand iesu sa bright,
Als +tof it were o leuening light,
Vntil +te hus +tar i was stadd,
And fell i dun, sa was i radd;
Vp he me lift, wit-vten lett,
And wit a deu mi face he wette,
And quen he wipped had mi face,
He blisced me all wit his grace,
And said, 'ioseph be noght sori,
Bi-hald on me, +tis ilk es i.'
Bi-heild him als i was
And cald him maister helias,
'Helias es i noght,' he said,
'Bot iesus +tat in graue +tou laid.'
He ledd me to +tat sted onan,
+tar i had luked him in stan,
His fasciale, his windingclath,
+tar war +tai left, i sagh +tam bath.
+tat it was iesus +tan wist i wel,
And cuthli for him can i knele,
And i said, 'ai lauerd! blisced +tou be
And +tat es cummen in nam o +te,'
And bi +te hand +tan he me hent,
And forth me broght, wit-vten stent,
Right to min aun hus at hame,
And to mi quem i +teder came,
'Pes,' he said, 'haf +tou ioseph,
Ga +tou noght o +ti hus a stepe
Til fourti dais be cummen til end,
For i to mi disciplis wend.' "
Quen nichodeme his tale has teld,
+tai fell als +tai in duale war dueld,
Gruflinges dun to erth plate, - 
War neuer +taa Iuus als mate.
And ilkan can til o+ter sai,
"Quat a sing es +tis!" coth +tai,
<P 1016>
"In israel we here nu min
We knau bath ioseph and his kin."
Vp +tai ras and stode +tam bi,
A dughti gum +tat hight leui,
"I kneu," he said, "of his kin bredd
Dughti men +tat drightin dredd,
Desseli to godd praiand,
Wit sacrifijs and wit offrand,
Quen symeon, +tat mikel prist,
+tat bar the hali-gast in brest,
+tat iesus tuix his handes fang,
And said, 'lauerd liued haf i lang
Bidand to se +te light of hel
+tat +tou has dight to israel;
Nu haf i sene it wit min ei,
Lat nu in rest +ti seruand dei.'
+tat ilk symeon +tar was bun,
Gaf sant mari his benisun,
And til hir said, 'i wil +te warn
+tat quilum sal +tis ilk barn
Be to sum men in uprising,
Til o+ter sum in dun falling;
He sal find mani bern vn-bain,
For mani sal him sai again.
Of his ded als +te sorful ord
Sal thril +tin hert thoru als a suord.
O mani hert +te thoghtes hidd
Sal for him be knaun and kydd.'"
+tan said +te Iuus, "do +tan send wee
Efter +taa ilk preistes thre
+tat tald +tat +tai sagh iesu sitte
Apon +te mont of oliuete."
And sua +tai did, quen sua was dun
+taa men +tai did to resun sun,
And +tai ansuard, "be godd o might,
We sagh him +tar wit open sight.
<P 1018>
We sagh him +tar and herd his steuen,
And openli stegh in til heuen."
"On yow," he said, "al thinc us wonder,
And +taa thre men +tan at sundre,
And asked ilkan seluen sere,
O +tair for-king fain wald +tai here,
If ani gain o+ter sai wald oght,
Bot all +tair fanding was for noght,
For all +tai said soth +tat +tai sei
+tat ilk iesu til heuen vp stei.
   +tan said anna and caiphas,
"Vr lagh will, bath +tat es and was,
+tat in +te muth o tua or thre
Suld alkin soth stand and be."
"And quat thing sal we sai yow +tan?
I-nogh was of a rightwis man,
And paid sa wel godd in his state,
+tat wit his word he was translate.
And o +te prophet als moyses
+tat nan wat quar he doluen es.
Bot iesus, +tat in hand was laght,
And to sir pilat was bi-taght,
Bath bi-scurget and bi-spit, - 
For he o mani plight was wijt, - 
Wonded wit spere, naild on tre,
Wit thorns crund als was he;
+tis menskful ioseph did him delue
In tumb +tat wroght was til him-selfe,
And als thre men witnes her,
+tai sagh bi-for +tair eien clere
+tis ilk iesus spekand wit his,
And si+ten stei til heuen blis." 

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P 1238>
   +te grace o godd es gret and gode,
+tat gis vs samples o +te rode,
Mar mightes has vr lauerd wroght,
+tan ani man mai thing in thoght,
Bot mani o trouth es sua vn-slei,
+tai tru noght bot +tat +tai se wit ei;
And +tat vnnethes will +tai tru,
Wit-vten signe o gret vertu;
For me-think if +te sothe be soght,
+tat sin first +te werld was wroght,
Meracles o +te cros might
Has ben in semblance and in sight.
Ouer and vnder, right and left,
In +tis compas godd all has left.
Bot-if man of him-self be blind,
Vm-thinc him wel he sal it find
+te licknes o +tis tre sa tru,
In +te ald lagh was be-for +te neu,
In +te neu lagh alsua sere,
+tat sum er gode of for to here.
I thinc +tis es +te tre o blis
+tat rightwisnes til bunden es,
Had adam funden it at hand
+tar-wit he moght ha lijfd lastand;
+tat planted es in paradise,
And dos +te ded vp for to rise;
And adam quen he wroght had wogh,
Vnder +tis tre he him drogh,
<P 1240>
+tar did him drightin to resun
And did him in hope o pardun.
+te blod of abel it cried als
Quen him had slain his bro+ter fals.
Wit-in +tat cri was grett thing hidd,
+tat in +tis cros es kidd,
And ded for-soth had ben noe
If him [{ne{] sauued had +te tre.
O four corner +te arche was made,
Als has +te cros on lang and brade,
+te dor on +te arche apon +te side,
And +tar was iesus wonded wide.
Qua will vmthinc him in his mod
Mai find fele takens o +te rode.
   Vr lauerd gaf moises a wand
To wirc sum maistris wit in hand,
Si+ten was it worm, efter yerd,
Als men i-nogh for-wit has herd.
+tat wel bi-takend +tat cipres,
+tar-of was wernist moyses,
Bath in word and als in dede.
Quen israel vte of egypte yed,
O +tat blisced lambs blod
A cros was mad in signe o rode,
+taa +tat cros had on +taim draun,
Vr lauerd +tam sauued als his aun,
All +taas o+ter ne war bot tint
Bitaght vn-to +te angls dint.
Quen +te nedders +tat war fell,
+te folk stanged of israel,
Quen +tai welk in +te wildernes
Vnder +te wand o moyses, 
A nedder was seitt up apon a tre,
+tat quen +te stanged men moght se
+te nedder on +te tre +tat hang,
+tai war all warist o +tair stang.
<P 1242>
Quen +tat +tai faght als +tai did oft
And moises held his hand o-loft,
To-quils he heild his hend on croice,
Ai haid his aun folk +te voice.
Quen strijf was bute +te preisthede   
In +taa dais mang +te Iuus lede,
To tuelue men taght +tai wandes tuelue,
Ilkan merked his him-self,
And said quilk wand +tat suld bere blome
Suld haf +te preistes-hede wit dome,
+tar florist an als yee herd haf herd
+te cros takening, +tat ilk yerd.
Heliseus on o+ter wise
Did a dedman for to rise,
+te staf +tat he apon him did,
O cros it bar +te taken-hid.
Quen dauid faght gain +tat etin,
Ne has ne noght his staf for-getin,
Vntil +te batail he it bar,
Moght na king suerd do mar.
+te signe o tav in ald laies
Bitakens cros nu in vr daies,
+te men +tat +tar-wit takend war,
Oft it helped fra misfar.
Tau and cros bath er als an,
Bot tav has yerd a-bouen nan;
O cros in +te ald testament
Was bisening, qua sa to cuth tent.
Cros es, qua-sum wil or nai,
Baner of hali kirc to dai;
Men has noght herd +tat folk be lorn
+tat hali crose has wit +tam born,
Bot has bitid oft mani quar,
+tat less folk ouercummen +te mar.
+tar stad was cros at ani fight,
If +te dede be tan wit right. 
<P 1244>
O cros to tell for-get i noght,
On cros the formast man was wroght,
On cros +te first of all wiues, 
On cros godd boght ur saul liues,
+tar-on he gaf him-seluen ranscun,
And of him-seluen mad gunphanun.



<B CMBRUT3>
<Q M3 NN HIST BRUT>
<N BRUT-1333>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WML>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE BRUT OR THE CHRONICLES OF ENGLAND,
PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 131.
ED. F. W. D. BRIE.
LONDON, 1960 (1906).
PP. 16.18 - 28.8     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 217.6 - 228.16   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 16>
[}OF KYNG LEIR, AND OF +TE ANSUERE OF HIS +GONGEST DOU+GTER,    #
+TAT
GRACIOUSELY WAS MARIEDE TO +TE KYNG OF FRAUNCE. C. XIJ.}]

   After +tis Kyng Bladud, regnede Leir his sone; and +tis Leir
made +te toune of Leycestre, and lete calle +te toune after
his name; and he gouernede +te lande wel and [{nobly{] . +tis   #
kyng
Leir hade iij doughtres: +te ferst highte Gonorille, +te        #
secunde
Rigan, and +te +tridde Cordeile; and +te +gongest doughter was
fairest and best of condiciouns. +te king here fader bicome an
olde man, and wolde +tat his doughtres were mariede or +tat
he deide . but ferst he +tougt assaye whiche of ham louede
him most and best; for  she +tat louede him best shulde best 
bene mariede . and he axede of +te ferst dought[{er{] how       #
miche she 
louede him; and she ansuerede and saide, 'bettre +tan here owen
<P 17>
lif.' "Now certes," quod +te fader, "+tat is a grete loue."
+To axede he of +te secunde doughter, how miche she him louede;
and she saide, 'more, and passing al +te creatures leuyng of    #
+te
worlde.' "ma foy," quod +te fader, "y may no more axen."
And +to axede he of +te pridde doughter, how miche she
him louede. "certes, fader," quod she, "my sustres haue tolde
+gow glosyng wordes; but for-so+te y shal tel +gow treu+t: for  #
y
loue +gow as miche as me owe+t to loue my fader; and forto
bryng +gow more in certeine how loue go+t, I shal +gow telle,   #
for-as-miche
as +ge bene wor+te, as muche shal +ge bene louede." The
kyng here fader wende +tat she hade scornede him, and bicome
wonder wroth, and swore by heuen and er+te +tat she shulde      #
neuer
haue goode of him; but his dou+gtres +tat louede him so miche
shulde be wel auauncede and mariede . and +te ferste dougter
he mariede to Mangles, King of Scotlande; And +te secunde he
mariede to Hanemos, Erl of Cornewaile; and so +tai ordeynede
and speke bituene ham +tat +tai shulde departe +te reaune       #
bituene
ham too, after +te de+t of Leir her fader, So +tat Cordeil his
+gongest doughter shulde no+ting haue of his lande. but +tis    #
Cordeil
was wonder faire, and of so goode condicions and maners, +tat   #
+te
Kyng of Fraunce, Agampe, herde of here speke, and sent to +te
Kyng Leir, he[{r{] fader, for to haue her vnto wif, and         #
prayede him
+terof. And Kyng Leir here fader sent him worde +tat he hade
departede the land to his ij o+tere dou+gtres, and saide he
nade no more lande wherwi+t her forto marie. And when
Agampe herde +tis ansuere, he sent anone a+geyne to Leir, and
saide +tat he axede no+ting wi+t here, bur oneliche heir        #
clo+ting
and oneliche heir body; and anone Kyng Leire here fader sent
here ouer +te see to +te Kyng of France; and he resceyuede here
wi+t michel worship and wi+t michel solempnite, & made here
Quene of Fraunce.

<P 18>
[}HOW KYNG LEIR WAS DRYUEN OUT OF HIS LANDE +TROU+G HIS OWEN
FOLYE; AND HOW CORDEIL HIS +GONGEST DOUGHTER HALPE HIM IN
HIS NEDE. (\CAPITULO TERCIODECIMO.\) }]

   Thus it bifel afterwarde, +tat +to ij eldest doughtren wolde
nou+gt abide til +tat Leir here fader were dede, but werrede
oppon him whiles +tat he leuede, and miche sorwe and shame him
dede; wherfore +tai binome him holly +te reaume, and bituene    #
ham
hade ordeynede +tat one of ham shulde haue Kyng Leir to         #
soiourne
al his lif tyme, with xl kny+gtes and heir squyers, +tat he     #
might worshipfully 
gone & ryde whider +tat he wolde, and into what
contre +tat him likede, to playe and to solacen. So +tat        #
Managles
Kyng of Scotlande, hade Kyng Leir with him in +te maner +tat is
abouer-saide, and, or o+tere half +gere were passede, Corneil   #
his eldest
dou+gter, +tat was Quene of Scotland, was so annoyed wi+t him   #
and
wi+t his peple, +tat anone she and here lorde spoken            #
to-gederes,
wherefor his kny+gtes half, and his squyers, fram him were      #
gone,
and nomo lefte but oneliche xxx. And when +tis was done, Leire
biganne forto make miche sorwe, for enchesoun +tat his state    #
was
enpeirede, and men hade of him more scorne and despite +tan     #
euer
+tai hade biforne; wherfore he nyst what forto done; and at +te
last +tou+gt +tat he wolde wende into Cornewaile, to Rigan his  #
o+tere
doughter. And when he was comen, +te erl and his wif, +tat was
Leires doughter, him welcomede, and with him made miche ioye;
and +tere he duellede with xxx kny+gtes and squyers. And he     #
nade
nought duellede +tere scarsly tuelf mone+t, +tat his doughter   #
of him
nas ful, and of his company; and her lorde and she, of him hade
scorne and despite, so +tat fram xxx kny+gtes +tai brou+gten
vnto x, and afterwarde v; and so +tere lefte wi+t him nomo. +To
made he sorwe ynow, and saide, sore wepyng, 'allas +tat euer
he come into +tat Lande!' and saide, '+gitte hade me bene       #
bettre
forto haue duellede with my ferst doughter [{and anon went      #
+tens
a+geyne to his ferst dou+gter{] .' But anone as she saw him     #
come, 
she swore by God and his holy names, and by as miche as she
might, +tat he shulde haue nomo wi+t him but one kny+gt, if he
<P 19>
wolde +tere abide. +To bigan Leir a+geyn to wepe, and made
muche sorwe, and saide +to: "allas! now to longe haue y         #
leuede, +tat
+tis sorwe and meschief is now to me falle; for now y am poer,
and some tyme y was ryche; but now haue y no frende ne kyn
+tat me wil do eny maner goode. But when y was ryche, alle
men me honourede and worsshepede; and now euery man hath
of me scorne and despite! and now y wote wel +tat Cordeil, my
+gonge doughter, saide me treu+t when she saide 'as michel as y
hade, so michel shulde y be louede'; and all +te while +tat y
hade goode, +to was y belouede and honourede for my rychesse;   #
but
my ij doughtres me glosede +to, and now of me +tai sette litel  #
pris,
and so+t tolde me Cordeil, but y wolde nou+gt bileue it, ne     #
vnderstonde,
and +terfore y lete here gon fro me as a +ting +tat y sette
litel pris of; and now wote y neuer what forto fone, se+t my
ij doughtres have me +tus desceyuede, +tat y so michel louede;
and now moste me nedes seche here +tat is in an o+tere lande,   #
+tat
lighly y lete here go fro me without eny reward of +giftes;     #
and she
saide +tat 'she louede me as miche as she outh here fader, bi   #
al
maner resoun'; and +to y shulde haue axede of here no more; and
+to +tat me o+tere-wise bihi+gten +trou+g here faire speche,    #
now haue
me desceyuede!"
   In +tis maner Leir longe tyme him bigan to mak his mone;
and at +te last he shoope him to +te see, and passede ouer into
France, and axede and aspiede wher the Quene my+gt be founde;
and men tolde where +tat she was. And when he come to +te
citee +tat she was in, priueliche he sent his Squyer vnto +te   #
quene,
to tel her +tat heir fader was comen to her for grete nede. And
when +te squyer come to the quene, he tolde her euery dele of   #
heir
sustres fram +te bigynnyng vnto +te ende. Cordeil +te Quene
anone nome golde and siluer, grete plente, and toke it to +te   #
squyer,
in conseile +tat he shulde go and bere it vnto here fader, and  #
+tat he
shulde go into a certeyn Citee, and him arreyen, ba+ten and     #
wesshen,
<P 20>
and +tan come a+geyne to her, and bryng with him an honest
company of kny+gtes, xl. at +te leste, with here meny; and      #
+tenne he
shulde sende to here lorde +te kyng, and sayen +tat he was      #
comen
forto speke with his dou+gter, and him to seene. And when +te
kyng and +te quene herde +tat, wi+t michel honour +tai comen,
and him resceyuede. +Te kyng of Fraunce lete sende +to +trou+g  #
al
his reaume, and commandede +tat alle men to him shulde bene
entendaunt, to Leire, +te Quenes fader, in al maner +ting as    #
it were
to him-self. when Leir hade duellede +tere a mon+te and more,
he tolde to +te kyng and to +te Quene his doughter, how his ij
eldeste dou+gtres hade him seruede. Agampe anone lete ordeyne a
grete hoste of Fraunce, and sent it into Britaigne with Leir,   #
+te
Quenes fader, forto conquere his lande a+geyne, and his         #
kyngdome;
and Cordeil also come with her fader into Britaigne, forto      #
haue +te
reaume after her fadres deth. And anon +tai went to shippe, and
passede +te see, and come into Britaigne, and fau+gt wi+t +te   #
felons,
and ham scomfitede & quellede. And Leir +to hade his lande
a+geyne, and after leuede iij +gere, and helde his reaume in    #
pees, and
afterwarde deide; & Cordeil his doughter him lete entere wi+t
michel honour at Leycestre.

[}HOW MORGAN AND CONENEDAG +TAT WERE NEVEUS TO CORDEIL,
WERREDE OPPON HERE, AND PUT HERE INTO PRISON. C. XIIIJ.}]

   When +tat Kyng Leir was dede, Cordeil his +gongest dou+gtre
helde and hade +te lande v +gere; and in +te mene tyme
deide here Lorde Agamp, +tat was Kyng of Fraunce; and after his
deth she lefte widue. And +to come Morgan and Conenedag,
+tat were Cordeiles sustres sones, and to here hade enuy,       #
for-asmiche
+tat her aunt shulde haue +te lande; so +tat bituene ham +tai
ordeynede a grete power, and vppon here werrede gretlich; and
<P 21>
neuer +tai rest til +tat +tai hade here taken, and put her vnto
deth. And +to Morgan and Conenedag seisede al +te lande, and
departede bituene ham, and +tai helde it xij +gere. And when
the xij +gere were gone, +tere bigon bituene ham a grete        #
debate, so
+tat +tai werrede strongely in-fere, and eueryche of ham dede   #
o+tere
miche disese, ffor Morgan wolde haue hade alle +te lande fram
bi+gende Humber, +tat Conedag helde; but he come a+geynes him
with a strong power, so +tat Morgan derst nou+gt abide, but     #
fley
awaye into Walys; and Conenedag pursuede him, and toke him,
and quelde him. +to come Conenedag a+geyne, and seisede al +te
lande into his hande, and helde hit, and regnede after, xxxiij
+gere, and +to deide, and li+t at New Troye.

[}OF RYNALLO, +TAT WAS CONEDAGUS SONE: HOW HE REGNEDE
AFTER HIS FADER; AND IN HIS TYME IT RAYNEDE BLOODE IIJ
DAIES, IN TOKENYNG OF GRET DETH. (\CAPITULO 
QUINTODESIMO.\) }]

   And after +tis Conenedag, regnede Rynallo his sone, an
Wise kny+gt, and an hardy and curteise, +tat wel and nobly
gouernede +te lande, and wonder wel made him bilouede of al
maner folc. and in his tyme it raynede bloode +tat lastede iij
dayes, as God wolde; and sone after +tere come a gret deth of
peple, for hostes with-out noumbre of peple fou+gten til +tat   #
+tai
were dede, Wherof no man my+gt ham lette til +tat almi+gty God  #
+terof
tok mercy and pitee; and tho gan it cesse. and +tis Raynolde
regnede xxij +gere, & deide, & li+t at +Gork.

[}HOW GORBODIAN REGNEDE IN PEES, +TAT WAS RYNALLO SONE; AND
AFTER, HE DEIDE, AND LI+T AT +GORK C. XVJ=O=.}]

   After +tis Ryuallo, regnede Gorbodyan his sone xv +gere, and
deide and lith at +Gork.

<P 22>
[}HOW GORBODIAN HADE IJ SONES, & HOW +TAT ON SLOUGH +TAT        #
O+TERE,
FORTO HAUE +TE HERITAGE; & HOW YDOYNE HER MODER QUELLEDE
+TAT O+TERE, WHERFORE +TE LANDE WAS DESTROIEDE. (\CAPITULO
XVJ=MO=.\) }]

   When +tis Gorbodian was dede, his ij sones +tat he hade,
bicome stoute men and proude, & euer werrede to-geder
for +te lande: +tat one, men called Ferre+g, and +tat o+tere    #
Porrex; and
+tis Ferre+g wolde haue hade al the lande, but +tat o+tere      #
wolde nou+gt
suffren him. Ferre+g hade a felounes hert, and +tou+gt +trou+g  #
tresoun
slee his bro+tere; but priuely he went into Fraunce, and +tere  #
abode
with +te kyng Syward til oppon a tyme +tat he come a+geyne, and
fau+gt wi+t his bro+ter Ferre+g; but ful euel it hapede +to,    #
for he was
slayn ferst. When Ydoyne, here moder, wist +tat Porrex was
dede, she made grete sorwe, for enchesoun +tat she louede him   #
more
+tan +tat o+tere, and +tou+gt him forto quelle. priuely she     #
come
to here sone oppon a ny+gt wi+t ij knyfes, and +terwi+t cotte   #
his +trote,
and +te body also into smale pecis. Who herde euer soche a      #
cursede 
moder, +tat quellede with here owen hondes here owen sone! and
Longe tyme after Laste +te reprofe & shame to +te moder +tat,   #
for
enchesoun of +tat o sone, mordrede +tat o+tere, and so loste    #
ham
bothe.

[}HOW IIIJ KYNGES CURTEISELY HELDE AL BRITAIGNE; AND WHICHE
BETH HERE NAMES. (\CAPITULO OCTODESIMO.\) }]

   When +tise ij bre+terne were so dede, +tai nade Lefte        #
bihynde
ham noo sone ne doughter, ne none o+tere of +te kynrede
+tat might haue +te heritage. & for-asmiche as +te strongest    #
men
dryuen and descomfitede +te feblest, and token al here landes,  #
so
+tat in euery contre +tai hade grete werre and stryfe. But      #
amonge
alle o+tere +tinges, +tere were amonges ham in +te contre +tat  #
ouercome
alle +te o+tere; and +trou+g heir streng+t and my+gt +tai nomen #
and token al +te landes;
and eueryche of ham tok a certeyne contre;
and in his contre lete calle hym kyng. And on of ham, men
<P 23>
callede Stater; and he was Kyng of Scotland; and +tat o+tere me
callede Dunwal, and he was Kyng of Loegers, and of alle +te
landes +tat was Lotrynes, Brutes sone. +te +tridde, men callede
Rudak, and he was Kyng of Walys; and +te iiij me callede        #
Cloten,
and he was Kyng of Cornewaile. But +tis Cloten shulde haue
hade al +te lande, be resoun for +tere was no man +tat wist     #
none so
ru+gthful heire as he was; but +to +tat were strongest sette    #
litel by
ham +tat were of lasse estate, and +terfor +tis Cloten hade no  #
more
lande amonges ham +tan onliche Cornewaile.

[}OF KYNG DONEWALL, +TAT WAS CLOTENE+G SONE, AND HOW HE HADE
WONNE +TE LANDE. (\CAPITULO XIX=O=.\) }]

   This Cloten hade a sone +tat me clepede Donewal, +tat,       #
after +te
deth of his fader, bicome an hardy man, and a faire and a
curteise, so +tat he passede alle +te kynges of Britaigne of    #
fairenesse
and of wor+tinesse. And as he was knyght, he Wiste wel
when his fader leuede he was moste ryghtful heire of al +te     #
lande,
and shulde haue hade it by resoun; but o+tere kynges +tat were  #
of
more streng+t +tan he, binome him his lande. And afterwarde     #
+tis
Donebande ordeynede him powere, and ferst conquerede al +te     #
lande
of Loegers; and after he wolde haue conquerede al Scotland
and Walys; and Stater wi+t his men come, and +gaf him bataile;
and Rudak come a+geyne wi+t his Walshemen forto helpe him; But
so it bifel +tat Rudak was slayn, and Skater also, in pleyn     #
bataile;
and so Donewal hade +te victorye, and conquerede al +te lande,  #
and
wel mayntenede it in pees and quyete, +tat neuer bifore it was  #
so
wel mayntenede.

[}HOW DONEWAL WAS +TE FERST KYNG +TAT EUERE WEREDE CRONE OF
GOLDE IN BRITAIGNE. (\CAPITULO VICESIMO.\) }]

   This Donewal lete make him a crone of golde, and werede
+te croune oppon his heuede, as neuer kyng dede bifore; and 
he ordeynede a statute +tat, hade a man done neuer so miche
<P 24>
harme, and he might come into +te temple, +tere shulde no man   #
him
misdo, but gone +terin sauf and in pees, and aftre gone into    #
what
contre +tat he wolde, withouten eny harme; and if eny man sette
hande oppon him, he +tan shulde lese his lif. And +tis Donewal
made +te toune of Malmesbury, and +te toune of +te Vise; & when
he hade regnede wel and nobly .xl. +gere, he deide, & li+t at   #
newe
Troye.

[}HOW BRENNE AND BELYN DEPARTEDE BITUENE HAM +TE LANDE, AFTER
+TE DETH OF DONEWAL, HIR FADER; & OF +TE WERRE. (\CAPITULO
XXJ=O=.\) }]

   And after +tat +tis Donewal was [{dede{] , his sones +tat    #
he hade,
departede +te lande bituene ham as her fader hade ordeynede;
so +tat Belyn, his eldest sone, hade al the lande a +tis halfe  #
Humber,
and his bro+ter Brenne hade al +te lande fram Humber vnto
Scotland; but for-asmich as Belyn hade +te better parte, Brenne
+terfor wax wro+t, and wolde haue hade more of +te lande; and
Belyn his bro+ter wolde graunt him nomore; Wherfor contak and
werre aroos bituene ham ij. But Brenne +te +gonger bro+ter      #
hade no
my+gte ne streng+t a+geyn+g Belyn; and +terfor Brenne, +trou+g  #
conseil of
his folc, went fram +tens into Norway, to +te Kyng Elsinges,    #
and
prayede him of helpe and of socoure forto conquere al +te       #
lande of
Britayn vppon Belyn his bro+ter, oppon +tat couenaunt, +tat he
wolde haue his dou+gter to wyf; and +te Kyng Elsinges him
grauntede. Belyn, anone as his bro+ter was gone to Norway, he
seisede into his hande al +te lande of Northumberland, and      #
toke al
+te castelles, and lete ham arraie, and also kepe +te costes    #
of +te see,
+tat Brenne shulde nou+gt arryue in no side but +tat he were    #
take.
The Kyng Elsinges lete assemble a grete hoste, and delyuerede
his doughter to Brenne, and alle +te peple +tat he hade         #
ordeynede.
And +tis damisel, Samye, hade longe tyme louede a kyng +tat me
callede Gutlagh; and to him she tolde al here counseil, how     #
+tat
Brenne shulde here haue, and here lede wi+t him for euermore,   #
and
so he shulde her lese, but if +tat she my+gt forsake Brenne.    #
And
<P 25>
when Gutlagh herde +tise tydynges, he lay forto aspie Brenne,   #
wi+t
alse meny shippes as he my+gt haue, so +tat +to ij fletes       #
metten
to-gederes, and longe tyme foughten, so +tat Brenne and his     #
shippes
turnede a+geyne, and were descomfitede; and Kyng Gutlagh toke
Samye, and put here into shippe, and Brenne shamefully fleye
+tens as a man descomfitede. And Gutlagh wolde haue went into
his countree; but +tere come oppon him a stronge tempest, +tat  #
 .v.
dayes Laste, so +tat +trou+g +tat tempest he was dryuen into    #
Britaigne
with iij shippes, and wi+t no mo. and +to +tat kepte +te        #
costes of
+te see token Gutlagh and Samye, and all his folc, and ham      #
presentede
vnto Belyn, and he put ham into prisoun.

[}HOW BELYN DELYUEREDE OUT OF +TIS LANDE KYNG GUTLAGH OF
DENNEMARC, AND SAMYE. (\CAPITULO VICESIMO SECUNDO.\) }]

   Hit was nou+gt longe after, +tat Brenne ne come a+geyne      #
with a
stronge meny, and sent to his bro+ter Belyn, +tat he shulde
+gelde a+geyne his lande to his wif and to his folc, & his      #
castelles
also, or elles he wolde destroye his lande. Belyn drade no      #
+ting
his manace, and wolde no +ting done after +tat he saide.        #
Wherfore
Brenne come with is folc, and fau+gt with him; and Brenne
was descomfitede, and his folc slayne, and him-self fleede      #
wi+t xij 
men in Fraunce. And +tis Belyn, +tat was Brennes bro+tere,
went +ten vnto +Gork, and toke counseil what he my+gt done,
wi+t Kyng Gutlagh; for Kyng Gutlagh proferede to bicome his
man, and to holde his lande of him, +geldyng by +gere M=l~= li  #
of siluer
for euer-more; and for sikernesse of +tis couenaunt to bene     #
holde,
Gutlaghe shulde bryng him gode hostages, and to him shulde done
homage, and al his folc, and +gitte he shulde suere oppon the   #
book
+tat +tise couenauntes shulde nou+gt bene broken ne falsede.
Belyn +to, by counseil of his folc, grantede him his axing;     #
and so
Gutlagh bicome his man; and belyn vnderfonge of him his homage
by othe, and by wrytyng +te same couenaunt+g. And oppon
<P 26>
+tis Couenant King Gutlagh tok Samye and his folc, and went
+tennes, and turnede a+geyn to Dennemarc. Euermore after were
the couenauntes Halden, and +te truage paiede, til +te tyme     #
+tat
Hauelok was Kyng of Denmarc, and also of +tis lande, +trou+g    #
his wif
Gildeburghe, +tat he hade spousede, for she was +te ry+gt       #
heire of +tis
lande. +tis Belyn duellede +to in pees, and worshepliche him
helde amonges his barons; and he made iiij real waies, one fram
+te Est into West, and +tat was callede Watlyngstrete; and      #
ano+tere
fram +te North into +te South, +tat was callede Ikenyle         #
strete; and
ij o+tere waies he made in bossinge +trou+g-oute the lande:     #
+tat one is
callede Fosse, and +tat o+tere Fossedik; and he mayntenede wel  #
+te
gode Lawes +tat Doneband his fader hade made and ordeynede in
his tyme, as bifore is saide.

[}HOW ACCORDE WAS MADE BITUENE BRENNE AND BELYN, THROUGH
CORNEWENNE, HIRE MODER. (\CAPITULO VICESIMO TERCIO.\) }]

   Brenne, that was Belynes bro+ter, hade longe tyme duellede   #
in
Fraunce, and +tere hade conquerede a grete lordeship +trou+g
mariage, for he was Duc of Burgoyne +trou+g +te dou+gter of     #
+te duc
Fewyn +tat he hade spousede, +tat was right heire of +te        #
lande. and
+tis Brenne ordeynede a grete power of his folc and also of     #
Fraunce,
and come into +tis lande forto feight with Belyn his bro+ter.   #
and
Belyn come a+geynes him with a stronge powere of Britons, and   #
+to
wolde haue +geue him bataile; but heir moder Cornewenne, +tat   #
tho
Leuede, herde +tat +te o bro+ter wolde haue destroyede +tat
o+tere, and went bituene here sones, and ham made accordede
wi+t miche peyne; so +tat at +te laste, +to ij bre+terne, with  #
miche
blisse, went to-geder into newe Troye, +tat now is callede      #
London,
and +tere +tai duellede al a +gere; and after, +tai toke Heire  #
conseile
forto go conquere al Fraunce; and so thai deden, & brent        #
tounes,
and destroyede al +te lande bo+te in leng+t and in Brede. and   #
+te
Kyng of Fraunce +gaf ham bataile wi+t his powere; but he was
ouercomen, and +gaf truage vnto Belyn and to his bro+ter. And
<P 27>
after +tat, +tai went for+te to Rome, and conquerede Rome, and  #
al
Lumbardy and Germayne, and toke homages and feautees of +te
folc of +te Erles, barons, and alle o+tere; and after, +tai     #
comen
into +tis lande of Britaigne, and duellede with here Britounes  #
in
ioye and reste. and +to made Brenne +te toune of Bristow; and   #
si+t
he went ouer +te see into his owen lordeshippe, and +tere       #
duellede
al his lif. and Belyn duellede atte Newe Troye; and +tere he    #
made
a faire gate +tat is clepede Billyngesgate, after his owen      #
name. and
when +tis Belyn hade regnede noble xj +gere, he deide, & li+t   #
at
newe Troye.

[}HOW KYNG CORINBATRUS QUELLEDE +TE KYNG OF DENNEMARC, FOR
ENCHESOUN +TAT HE WOLDE NOU+GT PAYE HIM HIS TRUAGE.
(\CAPITULO XXIIIJ=TO=.\) }]

   And after +tis Belyn, regnede his sone Corinbatrus, a gode   #
man
and a wor+ti. and +te Kyng of Denmarc wolde nou+gt paye
him his truage, +tat is to seyn, M=l= l~i, as he hade sworne by
oth forto paye hit, and also be writyng of recorde, to Belyn    #
his
fader. wherfore he was euel paiede and wro+t, and assemblede a
grete hoste of Britons, and went into Dennemarc and slough +te
Kyng Gitclagh, and brou+gt +te lande in subieccioun al new,     #
and toke
of folc feautes and homages, and after went a+geyne into his    #
lande.
And as he come forthe bi Orkeneye, he fonde xxx shippes ful of
men and of wymmen, bisides +te coste of +te see, and +te kyng
axede what +tai were. an Erl, that was maistre of ham alle,
curteisely ansuerede vnto the kyng, and saide +tat +tai were    #
exilede
oute of Spaygne, and so +tai hade trauailede half +gere and     #
more
in +te see, to weten if +tai my+gt fynde eny kyng, or eny       #
lorde,
+tat of ham wolde haue pitee or mercy, to +geue ham eny lande   #
in
eny contre wherin +tai might duelle and haue reste, and bicome  #
his
liege men, and to him wolde done homage and feautes whiles
+tat he leuede, and to his heires after him, and of him and of  #
his 
heires holde +tat londe for euermore. And when +te kyng +tis
<P 28>
herde, he hade pite of ham, and +gaf ham an Ile al wildernesse,
+tere +tat noman was duellyng, sag oneliche wilde bestes. and   #
+te
Erl +tankede miche +te kyng, and bicome his man, and dede him
feaute and homage, and tok alle his folc, and went into +te     #
same
Ile. and +te Erl me callede Irlanyal; and +terfore he lete      #
calle +te
lande Irlande, after his owen name. The kyng +to, Corinbatrus,
come a+geyne into +tis Lande, and regnede xxv +gere; & after,   #
he
deide, and li+t at newe Troye.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 217>
[}OF +TE SCOMFITURE OF BURBRIGGE. (\CAPITULO CENTESIMO 
NONOGESIMO SEPTIMO.\) }]

   The gode Erl Thomas of Lancastre, Hunfray de Bohon, Erl
of Herford, and +te barouns +tat wi+t ham wer, toke a
conseile bituene ham at +te Frere Prechoures at Pountfrett. +to
+tou+gt Thomas vppon +te traitour Robert Holond, and saide in
reprofe, "Allas! Holonde me ha+t bitraiede! Ay is in +te rede   #
of
somme euel shrede." And by commune assent +tai shulde alle
gone to +te castel of Dunstanburghe, the whiche perteynede to   #
+te
Erldome of Lancastre, and +tat +tai shulde abide +tere til +te  #
Kyng
hade for+geue ham his male-talent. but when +te gode Erl Thomas
+tis herde, he ansuerede in +tis maner, and saide: "Lordes,"    #
quod
he, "if we gone toward +te north, men wil seyn +tat we gon
toward +te Scottes; and so we shul be holde traitoures, for     #
cause
of distaunce +tat is bituene Kyng Edward and Robert +te Brus,
+tat made him Kyng of Scotland. And +terfore y say, as tochyng
myself, +tat y wil go no fer+ter into +te North +tan to myn     #
owen
castel of Pountfrett." And when Sire Roger Clifford herde +tis,
he aros vp anone in wra+t, and drow his suorde, & swore by
Almygty God and by his holy names, but if +tat he wolde go
wi+t ham, he shulde be dede, and +tat he wolde slee him +tere.  #
+Te
noble Erl Thomas of Lancastre was sore adrade, and saide:
"faire sires, y wil go wi+t +tow whider-so-euer +ge me lede."   #
+To
went +tai togederes into +te North; and wi+t ham +tai hade      #
vij=c= men
of Armes, and come to Burbrig.
   And when Sire Andrew of Herkela - +tat was in +te            #
North-contre
+trou+g ordenance of +te Kyng, forto kepe +te cuntre of         #
Scotland
<P 218>
- herde telle how +tat Thomas of Lancastre was descomfitede,
and his company were descomfitede at Burton vp Trent, he
ordeynede him a stronge power, and Sir Symond Ward also, +tat
+to was shirryf of +Gork, & come & mette +te barons at          #
Burbrig; &
anone +tai breken +te brige, +tat was made of tre. And when
Sir Thomas of Lancastre herde +tat Sire Andrew of Herkela hade
brou+gt wi+t him soche a power, he was sore adrade, & sent for  #
Sir
Andrew of Herkela hade brou+gt wi+t him soche a power, he was   #
sore adrade, & sent
for Sir Andrew of Herkela, & wi+t him spake, and saide to him   #
in +tis
maner: "Sire Andrew," quod he, "+ge mow wel vnderstonde how
+tat our Lord +te Kyng is ladde and misgouernede by miche false
conseil, +trou+g Sir Hugh +te Spenser +te fader, & Sir Hugh +te
sone, & Sir Iohn Erl of Arundel, and +trou+g Maistre Robert     #
Baldok,
a false pilede clerc, +tat is in +te Kyngus court duellyng;     #
wherfore y
praye +gow +tat +ge wil come wi+t vs, wi+t al +te power +tat    #
+ge haue
ordeynede, and helpe to destroie +te venyme of Engeland, and    #
+te
traitoures +tat bene +terin, and we wil +gif vnto +gow +te      #
best part
of v Erldomes +tar We haue+t & holde+t; and We wil mak vnto
+gow an oth +tat we wil neuer do +ting wi+tout +gour consel,    #
and so +ge
shul bene as wele at ese wi+t vs as euer was Robert Holande."
+To ansuerede Sir Andrew of Herkela, and saide: "Sir Thomas!
+tat wolde y nou+gt do, ne consent +terto, for no maner +ting   #
+tat
yhe might me +geue, wi+touten +te wil and commaundement of
our lord +te Kyng; for +tan shulde y be holde a traitoure for   #
euer-more."
And when +te noble Erl Thomas of Lancastre saw +tat he
nolde consent to him for no maner +ting, "Sir Andrew," he       #
saide,
"wil +ge nou+gt consent to destroye +te venyme of +te reaume,   #
as we
bene consented? At on worde, Sir Andrew, y telle +te, +tat or   #
+tis
+ger be gon, +tat +ge shal be take and holde for a traitoure,   #
and
more +tan +ge holde vs nowe; and in worse deth +ge shul die,    #
+tan
euer dede Knyght of Engeland; and vnderstonde wel +tat
neuer +ge dede +ting +tat sorer +gow shal repent. And now
go+t and do what +gow gode likes; and y wil put me to
<P 219>
+te mercy and grace of God." And so went +te false traitoure,
Sir Andrew of Herkela, in his way as a false traitour, a        #
tiraunt,
& forsuore man. for +trou+g +te noble Erl Thomas of Lancastre   #
he
vnderfonge +te armes of chiualry, and +trou+g him he was made
knyght.
   Thoo might men seen Archieres drawen ham in +tat on side
and in +tat o+tere; and Kny+gtes also fou+gten togeder wonder   #
sore;
and amonge o+tere, Sir Hunfray de Bohoun, Erl of Herford, a
wor+ti knyght of renoune +trou+gout al Cristendome, stode &     #
fau+gt
with his enemys apon +te brigge. And as the noble lorde stode
and fau+gt oppon +te brugge, a +tef, a ribaude, scolkede vnder  #
+te
brigge, and fersly wi+t a spere smote the noble knyght into     #
+te fondement,
so +tat his bowailles comen out +tere. Allas +te sorwe! for
+tere was slayn +te floure of solace and of comfort, & also of  #
curtesye.
and Sire Roger of Clifford, a noble knyght, stode euer, and     #
faught,
& wel and nobly him defendede as a wor+ti baron; but at +te     #
laste
he was sore wounded in +te heuede, & Sire William of Sulley &
Sir Roger of Bernesfelde were slayn in +tat bataile. And
Sir Andrew of Herkela saw Sir Thomas men of Lancastre laske
and slake. Anone he & his company comen to the Gentil Knyght,
Thomas of Lancastre, & saiden "+gelde +te, traitour! +gelde     #
+te!"
The gentil Erl ansuerede +to, and saide: "nay, lordes! traitour
be we none, and to +gow wille we neuer vs +gelde while +tat our
lifes lasten; but leuer we hauen to be slayn in oure treu+t,    #
+tan
+gelde vs to +gow." And Sir Andrew a+gein criede oppon Sir
Thomas company, +gellynge as a wolfe, and saide; "+gelde +gow,
traitour taken! +gelde +gow!" and wi+t an hye voice saide:      #
"be+t
ware, sires, +tat no man of +gow be so hardy, oppon lif and     #
lyme, 
to mysdo Thomas body of Lancastre." And wi+t +tat worde, +te
gode Erl Thomas went into a chapel, and saide, knelyng doun
oppon his knees, and turnede his visage toward +te crois, and   #
saide:
"almyghti God! to +te y me +gelde, and holliche put me into +ti
<P 220>
mercy." And wi+t +tat, +te vileins ribaudes lepten about him,
on euery side +tat Gentil Erl, as tiraunt+g and Woode           #
turmentures,
and despoilede him of his Armure, & clo+tede him in a robbe of
Ray, +tat was his sq[{u{]yers liueray, and four+t lade him vnto
York by water. +tere might men see miche sorwe and care, for    #
+te
gentil knyghtes fledden on euery side, and +te ribaudes and     #
vileins
egrely ham descriede, and criede in hye, "+gelde +gow,          #
traitoures!
+gelde +gow!"
   And when +tai were +golden, +tai wer robbed, and bonde 
as +teues. Allas +te shame & despite, +tat +te gentil ordre of 
Knyghthode +tere hade at +tat bataile! And +te land +to was     #
wi+touten
Law, for holy cherche +to hade nomore reuerence +tan hit
hade bene a bordel hous. And in +tat bataile was +te fader      #
a+geins
+te sone, and +te vncle a+geins his nevew; for so miche         #
vnkyndenesse
was neuer seyne bifore in Engeland amonges folc of on 
nacioun; for o kynrede had no more pite of +tat o+ter, +tan an
hundred wolfes haue+t on o shepe; and hit was no wonder, for 
+te grete lordes of Engeland were nou+gt alle of o nacioun,     #
but were
mellede wi+t o+tere nacions, +tat is forto seyn, somme          #
Britons, 
Somme Saxones, somme Danois, somme Peghtes, somme Frenche-men,
somme Normans, somme Spaignardes, somme Romayns, some 
Henaudes, some Flemyngus, and of o+tere diuerse naciouns, +te
whiche nacions acorded nou+gt to +te kynde bloode on Engeland.
And if +te grete Lordes of Engeland hade bene onelich wedded
to Englisshe peple, +tan shulde pees haue bene, and reste       #
amongus
ham, wi+touten eny envy. And at +tat bataile was Sir Roger
Clifford tak, Sire Iohn Mounbray, Sire William Tuchet, Sir
William Fit+g-William, and meny o+ter wor+ti Knyghtes; and Sir
Hugh Dauill +te next day after was taken and put into prisoun,  #
&
shulde haue ben done to +te de+t if he hade nou+g spousede +te
Kynges nece, +tat was +te Erl Gilbertus sustre of Gloucestre.
<P 221>
And anone after, was Sir Bartholomev of Bedelesmer taken att
Stawe Park, a maner of +te Bisshoppes of Lincoln, +tat was his
nevew, and meny o+ter barons and baronettes; Wherfore was made 
miche sorwe.

[}HOW THOMAS OF LANCASTRE WAS BIHEUEDEDE ATTE POUNTFRETT, &
V BARONS HONGEDE AND DRAW +TERE. (\CAPITULO CENTESIMO
NONOGESIMO OCTAUO.\) }]

   And now y shal telle +gow of +te noble Erl Thomas of         #
Lancastre.
When he was taken & brou+gt to +Gork, meny of +te citee
were ful glade, and oppon him criede wi+t hye voice, "A, sire 
traitoure! +ge arne welcome, blessed be God! for now shal +ge 
haue +te reward +tat longetyme +ge haue diserued!" and caste    #
oppon
him meny snoweballes, and meny o+ter reproues dede him. But 
+te gentil Erl +tat soffrede, and saide ne+ter on ne o+tere.
   And in +tat same tyme +te Kyng herde of +tat scomfiture,
and was ful glade, and in haste come to Pountfrett; and Sir     #
Hugh
+te Spenser, and Sir Hugh his sone, and Sir Iohn, Erl of        #
Arundel,
and Sir Edmund of Wodestok, +te Kyngus bro+ter, Erl of Kent,
and Sir Aymer of Valance, Erl of Penbrok, & maistre Robert of 
Baldok, a false pilede clerc, +tat was priue & duellyng in +te
Kynges court; and alle +tai come +tider wi+t +te Kyng. And
Sir Rauf of Beeston +gaf vp the castel to the Kyng; and +te     #
Kyng
entrede into +te castel; & Sir Andrev of Herkela, +te false     #
tiraunt,
+trou+g +te Kynges commandement tok with him +te gentil Erl
Thomas to Pountfret; and +tere he was prisonede in his owen
castel +tat he hade new made, +tat stode a+geins +te Abbay of   #
Kyng 
Edward.
   And Sir Hugh +te Spenser +te fader, and Sir Hugh his sone,
caste and +tou+gt how and in what maner +te God Erl Thomas of
Lancastre shulde bene dede, wi+touten iugement of his peris;
wherfore hit was ordeinede +trou+g +te Kynges Iustice+g, +tat   #
+te Kyng
shulde put oppon him poyntes of traitery. And so hit bifelle
<P 222>
+tat he was ladde to +te barr bifore +te Kynges Iustice+g,      #
bare-heuede
as a +tef, in a faire halle wi+tin his owen castel, +tat he     #
hade made
+terin meny a faire fest, bo+t to riche and eke to pore. And    #
+tise
were his Iustice+g: Sir Hugh +te Spenser +te fader, Sir Aymer   #
of
Valance, Erl of Penbrok, Sire Edmund of Wodestok, Erl of Kent,
Sire Iohn of Britaign, Erl of Richemond, & Sir Robert of        #
Maleme+trop,
iustice; and Sir Robert him acoupede in +tis maner:
"Thomas! atte +te ferst, oure lord +te Kyng & +tis court
exclude+t +gow of al maner ansuere. Thomas! oure lorde +te
Kyng put oppon +gow +tat +ge haue in his lande riden wi+t       #
baner displaiede,
a+geynes his pees, as a traitour." And wi+t +tat worde,
+te gentil Erl Thomas, wi+t an hie voice saide, "Nay, Lordes!   #
forso+t,
and by Seint Thomas, y was neuer traitoure." The iustice saide
a+gein +to: "Thomas! our Lord +te Kyng put oppon +te +tat +ge
hauen robbede his folc, and mordred his folc, as a +tef.
Thomas! +te Kyng also put oppon you +tat he descomfitede +gow
and +gour peple wi+t his folc in his owen reaume; Wherfore +ge  #
went
and fley to +te wode as an outlawe, and also +ge were taken as  #
an
outlaw. & Thomas, as a traitoure +ge shull be hongede by
resoun, but +te Kyng ha+t for+geue +gow +tat gewys for +te      #
loue of
Quene Isabell. And, Thomas, resoun wolde also +tat +ge shulde
ben hongede; but +te Kyng ha+t for+geue +tat gewys for cause    #
and
loue of +gour lynage. But Thomas, for-asmiche as +ge were tak
fleyng, & as an outlaw, +te Kyng wil +tat +gour heued be smyten
of, as +ge haue wel deseruede. Anone doth him out of pres,
and bringe him to his iugement!" +te gentil knyght, when he
hade herde alle +tise wordes, wi+t an hye voice he criede,      #
sore weping,
and saide: "Allas, Seint Thomas, faire fader! Allas! shal
y be dede +tus? graunt me now, blisseful God, ansuere!" but al  #
it
availede him no+ting; for +te cursede Gascoignes put him hider
and +tider, and on him criede wi+t an hye voice, "O Kyng
Arthur, most dredeful! wel knowen now is +tin open traitery!
<P 223>
in euel de+t shalt +tow dye, as +tow hast wel diseruede." +to
sette +tai oppon his heuede in scorn an olde chapelet, al-to
rent & torn, +tat was nou+gt wor+t an halpeny; & after +tai
sette him oppon a lene white palfray, ful vnsemeliche, and ek
al bare, wi+t an olde bridel; and wi+t an horrible noyse +tai   #
drow
him out of +te castel toward his de+t, and caste on him meny
balles of snowe. And as +te turmentoures lade him out of +te
castel, +to saide he +tise pitouse wordes, and his Handes helde
vp in hye toward heuen: "Now, +te Kyng of Heuen +geue vs
mercy, for +te er+tely Kyng ha+t vs forsak!" And a frere        #
prechoure 
went wi+t him oute of +te castel, til +tat he come to +te place
+tat he endede-in his lif; vnto whom he shroue him al his lif.
And +te gentil Erl helde +te frere wonder faste by +te          #
clo+tes, and
saide: "fair fader, abide wi+t vs til +tat y be dede; for my
flesshe quake+t for drede of de+t." And so+t forto saie, +te    #
gentil Erl
sette him oppon his Knees, & turned him toward +te East; but a
Ribaude +tat men callede Hugon of Moston, sette hande oppon +te
gentil Erl, and said in despite of him: "Sir traitoure, turne   #
+te
toward +te Scottes, +tin foule deth to vnderfonge"; and         #
turnede +te
Erl toward +te North. The noble Erl Thomas ansuered +to wi+t a 
milde voice, and saide: "Now, fair Lordes, y shal do al +gour   #
owen
wille." And wi+t +tat worde +te frere went fram him ful sore;
and anone a ribaude went to him, and smote of his heuede, +te   #
xj
Kalendus of April, in +te +ger of grace M=l=CCC xxj. Allas +tat
euer soche a gentil blode shulde ben don to de+t with-outen     #
cause
and resoun! And traiterousely was +te Kyng conseilede when 
he, +trou+g false conseil of +te false Spensers, soffrede Sir   #
Thomas,
his vncles sone, bene put to soche a de+t, & so ben-heuedede
a+geyns al maner resoun. And grete pitee hit was also, +tat     #
soche a
noble Kyng shulde ben desceyuede and mysgouernede +trou+g
false Spensers, +te whiche he mayntenede +trou+g loselry        #
a+geins his
honour and ek profit; for afterward +tere felle grete           #
vengeaunce in
<P 224>
Engeland for enchesoun of +te forsaide Thomas de+t. When +te 
gentil Erl of +tis lif was passede, +te Prioure and +te monkes  #
of Pounfrett 
geten Sir Thomas body of +te Kyng, and +tai buriede hit
bifor +te hye auter in the right side.
   And +tat same day +tat +te gentil lord was dede, +tere wer
honged and draw for +te same querel at Pountfrett, Sir
William Tuchet, Sir William Fit+g-William, Sire Warein of       #
Ysillee, 
Sire Henry of Bradboure, Sir William Cheyne, barons alle, &
Iohn Page, Squyer. And sone after at +Gork, wer draw and
Honget, Sire Roger of Clifford, Sir Iohn of Mounbray, barons, &
Sire Gosselyn Dauil, Knyght. And at Bristow were draw and 
honged, Sire Henry of Wynington, and Sire Henry of Mounford, 
barons. And at Gloucestre wer draw and hongede, Sire Iohn
Giffard & Sire William of Elmebruge, barons. And at London
wer Honget & draw, Sir Henry Tyeys, baron; & at Winchelse, 
Sir Thomas Culpeper, knyght; & at Wyndesore, Sir
Fraunceys of Waldenham, baron; & at Kaunterbury was draw
and honged, Sire Bartholomew of Badelesmer & Sir Bartholomev
of Assheburnham, barons; And at Kerdif in Walys, Sir William 
Flemynge, baron.

[}HOW KYNG EDWARD WENT INTO SCOTLAND WI+T AN C=ML= MEN OF
ARMES, AND MIGHT NOU+GT SPEDE. (\CAPITULO CENTESIMO
NONOGESIMO NONO.\) }]

   And when Kyng Edward of Engeland hade brou+gt +te flour of
chiualry vnto +tis de+t, +trou+g conseil of Sir Hughe +te 
Spensers +te fader, & Sir Hugh his sone, he bicome as wood
as a lyoun; and what-so-euer the Spensers wolde haue done, it
was don. And so wel the Kyng louede ham, +tat +tai might do
wi+t him al +tat +tai wolde; wherfore the King +gaf vnto Sir 
Hugh +te Spenser +te fader, +te Erldome of Wynchestre, and to   #
Sir 
Androv of Herkela +te Erldome of Carlele, in preiudice and 
harmyng of his croune. And Kyng Edward +to, +trou+g conseil of
<P 225>
+te Spensers, disheritede alle ham +tat hade bene a+geins him   #
in eny
querell wi+t Thomas of Lancastre; and meny o+tere wer           #
disherited
also, for encheson +tat +te Spensers coueitede forto haue her   #
londes;
and so +tai hade al +tat +tai wolde desire, wi+t wronge, and    #
a+geyns al
resoun.
   +to made +te Kyng, Robert of Baldok, a false pilede clerc,
Chaunceller of Engeland, +trou+g conseil of +te forsaide        #
Spensers;
and he was a false rybaude and a couetous; and so +tai          #
conselede
+te Kyng so miche, +tat +te Kyng lete take to his owen ward     #
alle +te
godes of +te lordes +tat wrongefully were put vnto +te de+t,    #
into
his owen honde; and aswel +tai token +te godes +tat were in
holy cherche, as +te godes +tat were wi+tout, and lete ham ben  #
put 
into his tresorie a[{t{] London, and lete ham calle his         #
forfait+g;
and by her conseile +te Kyng wrought, and disheritede al ham
+tat +te gode oweden; and +trou+g her conseil lete arere a      #
talliage
of alle +te godes of Engeland; wherfore he was +te richest      #
Kyng 
+tat euer was in Engeland, after William Bastard of Normandy,
+tat conquerede Engeland. And +gitte, +trou+g consell of ham,
him semede +tat he hade nou+gt ynou+g, but made +gitte euery    #
toun
of Engeland fynde a man of Armes oppon her owen costages,
forto gon and werr oppon the Scottes +tat Wer his enemys.
   Wherfore +te Kyng went into Scotland wi+t an hundred
+tousande men of Armes at Whitsontide, in the +gere of our Lord
God M=l=CCC & xxij. But +te Scottes went and hud ham in
Mounteyns and in Wodes, and tariede +te Englisshe-men fro day 
to day, +tat +te Kyng myght for no maner +ting ham fynde in     #
pleyn
felde; wherfore meny Englisshe-men, +tat few vitailes hade, for
hunger +tere deiden wonder faste, and sodeynly, for hunger in 
goyng and in comyng, and nameliche +to +tat hade bene a+geyns
Thomas of Lancastre, and hade robbet his men oppon his landes.
When Kyng Edward saw +tat vitailes failede him, he was +to
wonder sore discomfortede, for enchesoun also +tat his men so
deide, and also for he might nou+gt spede of his enemys; so at  #
+te
<P 226>
last he come a+geyne into Engeland. And anone after come Iames
Douglas and Thomas Randolf wi+t an huge ost into Engeland,
into Northumberland, and wi+t ham +te Englisshe-men +tat wer
dryuen out of Engeland, & come and robbet the contre, and 
quellede +te peple, and also brent +te toun +tat was callede    #
North-allertoun,
and meny o+ter tounes vnto +Gork. And when +te Kyng
her +tis +ting, he lete [{sompne{] alle maner men +tat might    #
trauaile.
And so +te Englisshemen mette +te Scottes atte +te Abbay of     #
Beiheland,
+te xv day after Michelmasse in +te same +ger abouesaide; And
+te Englisshe-men wer +tere descomfited; & at +tat scomfiture   #
was
tak Sir Iohn of Britaygn, Erl of Richemonde, +tat helde +te
contre and the Erldome of Lancastre; and after, he paiede an
huge raunsoun, and was lete gone; and after +tat he went into
Fraunce and come neuer after a+geyn.

[}HOW SIR ANDREW OF HERKELA WAS TAKEN, AND PUT VNTO +TE
DE+T, +TAT WAS ERL OF CARDOILE. (\CAPITULO CC=MO=.\) }]

   And at +tat tyme Sir Andrew of Herkela, +tat newe was made
Erl of Cardoile, for cause +tat he hade taken +te goode Erl
of Lancastre, he hade ordeyned, +trou+g +te Kyngus commandement
of Engeland, forto bryng him all +te power +tat he might, forto
helpe him a+geyns +te Scottes atte +te Abbay of Behigland. And
when +te false traitoure hade gadrede all +te peple +tat he     #
might, and
shulde haue comen to +te Kyng to +te Abbay of Biegland, +te
false traitoure lad ham by ano+ter contre +trou+g Copeland, and
+trou+g +te Erldome of Lancastr, and went +trou+g +te contre,   #
and
robbit and quellede folc, al +tat he might. And fer+termore
+te false traitour hade take a gret some of golde of Sir Iamys
Douglas, forto bene a+geyns +te Kyng of Engeland, and to bene
helpyng and holdyng wi+t +te Scottes; +trou+g whos tresoun +te  #
Kyng
of Engeland was scomfitede at Biheland er +tat he come +tider;
wherfore +te Kyng was toward him ful wro+t, and lete priuely
enquere in +te contre about, how hit was. and so men
<P 227>
enquerede and aspiede, so +tat at the laste treu+t was founde,  #
and
sought, and he atteint and taken as a false traitour, - as +te  #
noble
Erl Thomas of Lancastre him tolde, er +tat he were don to dede
at his takyng att Burbrig, and to him saide, +tat 'or +tat      #
+gere wer
Don, he shulde ben take and holde a traitour': and so hit was,  #
as
+te holy man saide. Wherfore +te Kyng sent priuely to Sire
Antoyn of Lucye, a kny+gt of +te contre of Cardoile, +tat he    #
shulde
tak Sir Andrew of Herkela, and put him vnto +te de+t. And to 
bryng +tis +ting to +te ende, +te Kyng sent his commission, so  #
+tat +te
same Andrew was take at Carleel, & ledde vnto +te barr in maner
of an Erl, worthely arraied, and with a suorde gert aboute him,
and hosede and spored. +to spak Sir Antoyn in +tis maner,
"Sir Andrew," quod he, "+te Kyng put oppon +te +tat,            #
for-asmiche as
+ge haue bene orpede in +gour dedes, he dede vnto +gow michel
honour, and made +gow Erle of Carlele; and +tow, as traitoure
vnto +ti lord +te Kyng, laddest his peple of +tis contrey, +tat
shulde haue holpe him at +te bataile of Bihiland; and +tow      #
laddest
ham away by +te contre of Copeland, and +trou+g +te Erldome of
Lancastr, wherfor our lord +te Kyng was scomfitede in bataile
+tere of the Scottes, +trou+g +ti tresoun and falsenesse. And   #
if +tow 
hadest come betyme, he hade yhade +te maistre; and al +tat
tresoun +tow dedest, for +te grete somme of golde and siluer    #
+tat
+tow vnderfong of Iames Douglas, a Scott, +te Kynges enemy.
And our Lorde +te Kyngus wille is, +tat +ge, +te ordre of       #
Knyghthode,
- by +te whiche +tow vnderfonge al +tin honour and worship
oppon +ti body, - be al brou+gt to nou+gt, and +ti state        #
vndone,
+tat o+tere knyghtes of lawer Degre mowe after +te be-ware; +te
whiche lorde ha+t +te auancede hugely in diuerses contrees of
Engeland; and +tat alle may take ensample by +te, her lord
aftirward trewely forto serue."
   +to commanded he a knaf anone to hew of his spores of his
<P 228>
heles; & after he lete breke +te suerde ouer his heuede, +te    #
whiche
+te Kyng him +gaf to kepe and defende his lande +terwi+t, when
he made him Erl of Cardoile; and after he lete him vnclo+te of  #
his
furrede mantel and of his hood, and of his furrede Cotes and of
his gerdell. And when +tis was don, Sire Antoyne saide vnto
him: "Andrew," quod he, "now art +tow no kny+gt, but a knaue;
and for +ti treson +te Kyng wille +tat +tow bene honged &       #
drawe,
and +tin heuede smyten of, and +ti bowelles taken out of +ti    #
body,
and +ti bowelles brent, and +ti body quarterede, and +tin       #
heuede
smyten of, and sent vnto London; and +tere hit shal be sette
oppon London Brigge; and +ti iiij quarters shal be sent to iiij
tounes of Engeland, +tat alle o+tere mowe be-ware and           #
chastisede by
+te." And as Antoyne saide, so hit was done, al maner +ting, on
+te last day of Ottobre, in +te +ger of grace M=l=CCC xxij      #
+gere;
and +te sonne +to turnede into blode, as +te peple it saw. and 
+tat durede fro +te morne, til hit was xj of +te Clokke of +te  #
day.



<B CMPOLYCH>
<Q M3 NN HIST TREVISA>
<N POLYCHRONICON>
<A TREVISA JOHN>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TREVISA, JOHN.
POLYCHRONICON RANULPHI HIGDEN,
MONACHI CESTRENSIS, VOLS. VI, VIII.
ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF JOHN TREVISA AND OF
AN UNKNOWN WRITER OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.
ROLLS SERIES, 41.
ED. J. R. LUMBY.
LONDON, 1876, 1882.
VI,   PP. 209.14 - 231.7       (SAMPLE 1)
VIII, PP. 83.1   - 111.19      (SAMPLE 2)
VIII, PP. 347.1  - 352.13      (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P VI,209> 
[} (\CAPITULUM VICESIMUM QUARTUM.\) }]

   Leo +te emperour lete be +te enemyes of +te empere, and
werrede a+genst figures and ymages of holy seyntes. Pope
<P VI,211>
Gregory and Germanius of Constantynnoble wi+tstood hym
nameliche, as +te olde usage and custome wolde +tat is allowed
and apreeved by holy cherche, and seide +tat it is wor+ty and
medeful to do hem +te affecioun of worschippe. For we           #
worschippe+t
in hem but God, [{and{] in worschippe of God and of
holy seyntes, +tat man have+t in mynde efte by suche ymages,
God allone schal be princepalliche worschipped, [{and after
hym creatures schal be i-worschipped{] in worschippe of hym.
Beda, (\libro 5=o=, capitulo 24=o=.\) +Tat +gere deide          #
Withredus kyng
of Caunterbury, and Thobias bisshop of Rouchestre, +tat cou+te
Latyn and Grew as wel as his owne longage. (\Paulus,
libro 7=o=.\) +Tat +gere Sarasyns com to Constantynnoble and    #
byseged
it +tre +gere, and took +tennes moche good and catel.
Withbrandes kyng of Longobardes herde +terof, and raunsoned
+te relikes of seint Austyn [{+te doctor{] , +te whiche         #
relikes were
somtyme translated to Sardinia for reses of straunge enemyes,
and he made hem i-bore to +te citee of Geene, and +tennes to
Papie, +tat heet Tinum somtyme. (\Willelmus de Regibus,
<P VI,213>
libro primo.\) Kyng Ine betook his kyngdom of West Saxons to
his cosyn Ethelardus, and went to Rome. Me sei+t +tat he
was +te firste of kynges +tat grauntede to seynt Peter of
everiche hous of his kyngdom a peny, +tat longe tyme of
Englisshe men was i-cleped Rome scot, but in Latyn it is
i-cleped Peter his peny. +Te kyng his wyf Ethelburga +gaf
hym occasioun to take +tat pilgrimage, and +tat in +tis manere:
she hadde ofte i-counsailled her housbonde to forsake +te
riches of +te world, and specialliche in +te laste +geres of    #
his lyf,
but sche spedde nou+gt. +Terfore at +te laste sche fondede to
overcome hym wi+t gile, and in a tyme whanne +tey hadde
i-leide to gidres in +te real citee, and were agoo, +tanne      #
after
+tre dayes +te governour of +te citee defouled +te paleys wi+t  #
al
+te fil+te +tat he my+gte, wi+t tunge and dritt of bestes, wi+t
gaderynge of dunge and of fil+te  of mukhilles; and +tere +te
kyng had i-leye and i-slepe, he leide a sowe wi+t here pigges
+tat hadde late i-favored. Al +tis he dede by assent and heste
of +te queene. +Tanne +te queene by+gede here housbonde wi+t
benygne flaterynge, and prayed hym for to come to +tat place
+tere he hadde i-be; +te kyng graunted and come +tider, and     #
sigh
<P VI,215>
+tat place +tat was somtyme poore to Sardanapallus his likynge
+to so desrayed and defouled; whan sche hadde +tis occasioun
sche spak to +te kyng and seide: "I pray +gow, my lord, where
bee+t now +te cortyns and al +te riche array of halles and
chambres? Where is now +te pleysynge service of hem +tat
were i-woned to flatere wi+t +gou? Where is +te likynge and
plesynge of glotonye and of leccherie, bee+t +tey not al
apassed? So, my lord, schal my flesche passe and fal
awey, +tat is now i-norsched in gold and in riche array."
Herwith here housbonde was overcome, and after his noble
batailles and victories and grete prayes +tat he hadde          #
i-take, he
bytook +te kyngdom to his nevew, and wente to Rome. +Tere
he come nou+gt openliche in si+gte, but he schare his heed, and
clo+ted hym as a pore man, and wax olde among beggers; bote
+te queene Ethelburga wente to +te abbay of Berkynge; +tere
here suster hadde i-be abbas. And sche was afterward
i-made abbas of +te same maydens, and made a blessed ende,
and passed to reste. Beda, (\libro 5=o=, capitulo 29=o=.\)      #
Osricus
kyng of Nor+thumberlond deide after +te nyn+te +gere [{of his
kyngdom. After hym Colwulfus regnede nyne +gere{] ; to
<P VI,217>
hym Beda wroot +te storie Historiarum Angliae. Beda, (\ubi
supra.\) +Tat gere were i-seie twey griselich sterres wi+t      #
blasynge
crestes aboute +te sonne, +tat durede tweye wokes. +Tat oon
of hem passede erliche tofore the sonne, and +te o+ter com
after +te sonne at eve; and +tese sterres blasede and caste as
it were brennynge brondes toward +te nor+tside, and bodede
greet deth and manslau+gter; ffor +tanne com a grevous mescheef
of Sarsyns, and bete doun Gallia, +tat is Fraunce. Beda,
(\libro 5=o=, capitulo 25=o=.\) +Tat +gere deyde Bri+gtwoldus   #
archebisshop
of Dorobernya, +tat is Canturbury. After hym Tadwynus 
was archebisshop, and was i-sacred of +te bisshoppes
of Londoun, of Wyrchestre, and of Rouchestre. Also +tat
+gere +te sou+t provinces anon to +te marche of +te ryver       #
Humber
were suget to Ethelbaldus king of Mercia; +te Pictes and
+te Scottes hadde pees wi+t +te Angles; som Bretons were
at here owne lawe, and som servede +te Angles. After +te
secounde Gregorye [{+te +tridde Gregory{] was pope enlevene
+gere; he confermed +te worschippynge of holy ymages in a
<P VI,219>
counsaile +tat was i-made at Rome of aboute a +towsand
bisshoppes, and cursed dredfulliche al +tat do+t a+genst +tat
statute of worschippynge of holy ymages. Also +tat +gere oon
Petronax Brixianus wente to +te hille mont Casin, and restored
+te place covenableliche of goodes and catel and of
monkes by heste and comfort of pope Gregorie. Tadwynus
archebisshop of Caunterbury deide, and Nothelmus bisshop of
Londoun was archebisshop after hym. Also +tat +gere deyde
Alwynus +tat was bisshop of Lichfeld; and Wicta was
bisshop of Lichefeld whan he was dede. And Coita was
bisshop of Legecestria, +tat is Chestre, and Eada durede +git   #
at
Dorchestre. +Tat +gere deide +tat worthy man Beda +te preost.
(\Willelmus de Regibus, libro 5=o=.\) +Te seven+te +gere of     #
his age
he was i-take to norschynge and to lore to Benet Bisshop, 
abbot of Girwy, and after his de+t to Colfridus, abbot of +te
same place. In his nyn+te +gere he was i-made decon of Iohn
bisshop of +Gork, and preost in his +tritten+te +gere. +Tat     #
+gere
<P VI,221>
he bygan to write, and so he spende al his lyftyme in +te
same abbay, and made hym besy to studie and expowne holy
writt, and among +te besynesse +tat he ne hadde [{everiche
day in +te service of religioun and in syngynge in chirche, he
hadde{] greet swetnesse and likynge to lerne, to teche, and to
write. He wroot +trescore bookes and ey+gtene; +te bookes he
rekene+t in his storie (\Anglicana\) . Here lakke+t and         #
faille+t wit
and speche to wondre at +te fulle +tat a man +tat was so wi+t   #
oute
use of scole made so many noble volumes in so sober wordes in
so litel space of his lyftyme. Of al +tis I conclude +tat he    #
com
nevere at Rome; +tey som men wil mene +tat he went to Rome
to be +tere present, and to schewe +tat his bookes were         #
accordynge
to +te loore of holy chirche, and +tat if +tey were nou+gt
accordynge for to amende hym at +te pope his heste. But +tat
he wente blynd aboute for to preche, +tat he was i-ladde by
fraude of his man for to preche to stones as it were to men,
+tat he herde +te voys of stones +tat answerede and seide
Amen, +tat he wente +treis to Rome, +tat he fonde +tre R and
+tre F i-write, and expowned what it was to mene, I fynde
it nou+gt i-write in bookes of auctorite. Som men telle+t
<P VI,223>
+tat suche [{a wrytynge was founden, R. R. R. F. F. F., and
such{] an exposicioun: (\regna ruent Romae ferro flammaque
fameque\) ; +tat is to menynge, kyngdoms of Rome schal falle
by fuyre and iren, also by honger. (\Willelmus de Regibus,
libro primo.\) But by pope Sergius his pistel +tat was i-sent
to abbot Colfridus it is i-knowe +tat Beda was i-sent after
and i-prayed for to come to Rome for to assoyle questiouns
+tat were +tere i-mevede. Here take hede how wor+ty +te court
of Rome [{hylde hym, +tat +te court of Rome{] hadde nede to
have hym to declare and to assoille +te questiouns +tat +tere   #
were
i-meved. And also how wor+ty we schal holde hym by manere
of his leuynge and of his techynge. He my+gte not  be vicious
+tat spende so his witte and +tou+gt in expouninge of holy      #
writte.
But his clennesse was moche i-sene at his laste ende, for       #
sevene
wookes contynualliche his stomak hadde indignacioun of mete
and drynke, so +tat unne+te he my+gte eny mete holde, and was
strei+gt and schort bre+ted. But for al +tat he sparede not +te
travayle of lettrure and of bookes, bote everiche day, among    #
+te
<P VI,225>
detty travayle of service and of psalmes, he tau+gte his        #
disciples
in lessouns and in questiouns, and he tornede Seynt Iohn his
gospel into Englisshe, and seide, "Lerne+t, my smale children,
while I am wi+t +gou, I wot nou+gt how longe I schal
wi+t +gow abyde;" and evere among he seide +tat sawe of         #
Ambrose,
"I have nou+gt so i-leved among +gow +tat me schame+t
to lyve; no+ter me drede+t to deye, for me have+t a good
Lord." By ny+gte, whanne he hadde no man to teche, he
travailled besiliche in bedes-byddynge, and +tonked God of
alle. +Te Tewesday tofore +te Ascencioun his dee+t neighede,
and his feet gonne to swelle; he was i-led and anoynt
and i-housled, and kessed his bre+teren, and prayed hem
alle to have of hym mynde, and he +gaf to meny of his
servauntes +tinges +tat he hadde i-kept in privete. In +te
Ascencioun day +te clo+te of here was i-sprad, and he leyde
hym doun and prayed +te grace of +te Holy Goost, and seide:
"Oo Kyng of bliss, Lord of vertues, +tat hast +te pris, and     #
art
<P VI,227>
+tis day i-steie up above alle hevenes, leve +tou us not
faderles, but sende +tou into us +tat byheste of +te Fader +te
Goost for so+tnesse." Whanne +tat was i-ended he +galde
up +te laste bree+t wi+t a wel greet swetnesse of smyl, and so
he was i-buried +tere; but +te comyn fame telle+t, +tat he is
at Durham now+te, with Seynt Cuthbert; and wi+t hym was
i-buryed wel nygh, al +te knowleche anon to +te conquest of
dedes of Engelond, and nygh al +te connynge of lettres;
for after his tyme after lewed come more lewed, as +te
shameliche vers +tat were i-wrete on his tombe bere+t greet
witnesse of unkonnynge; +tat vers were unwor+ty to be i-wrete
on so wor+ty a manis tombe; +tese bee+t +te vers: "Beda
+te preost reste+t here i-buried in +te flesch; Crist graunte   #
his
soule to be glad in hevene for evere; Graunt hym to drinke
+te wel of wisdom +tat he ha+t now+te Desired besiliche
alwey ri+gt wi+t love gret." Aboute +tat tyme Ricoldus duke
of Frisons was i-tornede by the prechynge of Seynt Wilfranus
+te bisshop, and wolde i-cristned be; and putte his owne
<P VI,229>
foot into +te fontstoon, and wi+tdrou+g +tat o+ter, and axede
of hem +tat stood aboute whe+ter +tere were mo of his           #
predecessours
in paradys o+ter in helle, and he was answerd +tat +tere
were mo in helle; he herd +tat and drough his foot out of +te
water, and seide: "It is esiere +tat I folwe +te more +tan +te
lasse." And so he was bygiled of +te fende, and deide after
+te +tridde day. (\Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4=o=.\)     #
Aboute
+tat tyme deyde Seint Fredeswyde +te mayde, i-bore at           #
Oxenforde,
+te dou+gter of duke Didianus. Kyng Algarus, a
lecheruos man, folowede here anon to +te citee of Oxenford, and
whanne +te mayde was i-entred into +te citee +te +gates closede
and were i-schette al by hymself, and the kyng wer+t blynde
+tat purswerde here. But by prayeng of +te mayde he hadde
his si+ght a+ge. Se+t+te after +tat tyme kynges of Engelonde
drede+t for to come wi+t ynne +tat citee for drede of mishappes
+tat my+gte hym befalle. Colwulfus, kyng of Nor+thomberlond,
<P VI,231>
after ei+gte +gere of his kyngdom, lefte his kyngdom to his
cosyn Egbertus, +te sone of his fader bro+ter, and bycam a monk
at Beda his abbay; and Egbertus [{regnede{] nyntene +gere.
R. Bote William de Regibus sei+t +tat he was i-schore at
Lyndefare cherche, and at +te laste i-buryed byside Seynt
Cuthbert. Notelmus archebisshop of Caunterbury deide, and
Cuthberd, bisshop of Herford, was archebisshop after hym. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P VIII,83>
[} (\CAPITULUM VICESIMUM QUINTUM.\) }]

   Kyng Henry is deed at Fontenbraud, and his sone Richard
was kyng after hym, and regnede ten +gere. Stephene of
Canturbury discreved cleerliche his manere and his dedes, and
for +tis storye schulde [{not{] mysse +te noble dedes of so     #
greet
a duke, I have studied to take +te floures of Stevenes book.
+Tis kyng ordeyned redeliche his +tinges by+gonde +te see, and
cam into Engelond for to be crowned. In his comynge prisouns
were i-oponed and he was i-crowned at Londoun of Baldewyn,
archebisshop of Caunterbury, +te +tridde day of Septembre, +te
whiche is acounted an evel day by +te veyn bileve and usage of
mysbileved men, as is i-cleped [{in{] +te kalender dayes (\dies
Egipciacus\) , and (\dies malus\) , an evel day by +te veyn     #
bileve, as
it were a day of bodynge of evel happes to +te Iewes; [{for +te
Iewes of Engelond +tat hadde evel{] happes +tat day.
Meny [{Iewes{] come to +tis solempnite leste +te wel+te +tat    #
+tei
hadde under +te olde kyng schulde be wi+tdrawe in +te newe
kynges tyme. But +te kyng heet and comaundede +tat +te Iewes
schulde nou+gt come into +te chirche while he were i-crowned
no+ter into +te paleys while he were at mete. But while +te     #
kyng
<P VIII,85>
was at mete som of +te Iewes parsed among o+tere and come
with ynne +te paleys gate, and oon of hem was i-smete wi+t a
manis feest. +Tan +te rabbisshe peple wende +tat +te kyng
had so i-hote, and up wi+t staves, battes, and stoones, and     #
leide
on +te Iewes and madde hem to flee. Here of sprank likynge
tidynges into al +te citee, as +tey +te kyng hadde i-hote, and 
up with staves to destroye +te Iewes. And +te peple, resynge    #
and
crienge, breck up +te hous +tere +te Iewes were i-flowe for
drede, and brende and spoylede and took what +tey my+gte, and
wolde nou+gt leve for +te kynges sendynge. But outrage of
so greet woodnesse +gif it were i-suffred schulde passe meny
cruel dedes, and blenschede moche +te bygynnynge of +te
kyng. But for +te grete multitude of hem +tat were gilty 
he moste lete passe what he my+gt nou+gt take of ful 
wreche. At +te laste +te Iewes had pees i-graunted, and anon
+te kyng +geve+t dignetees +tat voyde+t. And al wi+t oute +tat  #
his
bro+ter Iohn hadde of his fader +gifte in Irlond and in         #
Normandie,
he +gaf hym +te provinces of Cornewayle, of Devenschire, of
Notingham, of Lancastre. Also he +gaf hym +te eorles dou+gter
<P VIII,87>
of Gloucetre to wif, +tat was his cosyn in +te +tridde degree, 
wi+t al her fader lordschippe. +Te lordschepe of +te four+te    #
deel 
+tat was i-+gove, i-made hym unkynde and untrewe, and
desired +te hool kyngdom. +Te kyng committed +te destourbance 
of +te reawme to +te bisshop of Durham, +tat schulde
more skilfulliche and semeliche occupie hym self in Goddis
service +tan in +te kynges service. For +te gospel sei+t +tat   #
no
man may serve ei+ter lord at +te fulle as he schulde, +tey +te
bisshop wolde to dele hym self for to plese ei+ter kyng of
hevene and of er+te. Certeynliche +te Kyng of hevene allowe+t
nou+gt service +tat is so to-deled, for he wolde be served with
al +te my+gt of +te soule. And what +gif +te bisshop +tat is    #
but
half i-+geve to Goddes service do+t nou+gt his service ne his
offys as he schulde, but ordeyne+t unwor+ty and recheles
persons in his sted, for he wol serve holiche in +te paleys
o+ter in +te feyre and court. For in non half man make+t
good at +te fulle of +te acountes of an er+telich prince. Also  #
+te
kynge for to have +te more large spens toward Ierusalem, he
resignede +te castelles of Berwik and of Rokesburgh to +te kyng
of Scotlond for ten +towsand pound. Also he begiled +te olde
man +te riche bisshop of Durham, and he made hym begge his
[{owne{] province for a greet somme of money. +Terfore +te
kyng seide ofte in his game, "I am a wonder crafty man, for
I have i-made a newe eorle of an olde bisshop." By suche
<P VIII,89>
manere while and speche he emptede meny men purses and
bagges, and solde dignetees and lordschippes +tat longede to
+te kyng, as +tey+g he +tou+gte nevere for to come a+gen. In a 
tyme his frendes +tat were homliche wi+t hym blamede hym
+terfore, and he answerde and seide: "I wolde selle Londoun,
and I my+gte fynde a chapman +tat my+gte wel paye." Meny
men bou+gte wi+t +te bettre wil, for me trowed +tat +te kyng
wolde nevere come a+gen hom. He hadde i-fonge power of
+te pope +tat he my+gte beneme +te crosse whome [{+tat{] he
wolde, and +terby he gat many +towsand pound. +Tan +te kyng
as it semed bytook rechelesliche +te governaunce of his
kyngdom to his chaunceller, bisshop of Hely, and seilled into
Normandie tofore mydwynter tyde. +Tat tyme at Dunstapil 
+te signe of +te cros was i-seie in hevene, and sone +terafter  #
+te
schap of +te cros was i-seie forsake +te baner and passe        #
somwhat
of space +terfrom, telle who +tat wil what it my+gte mene, for
I have i-lerned to telle +tis wonder, and not to discreve what
it schulde mene. +Tanne +te kynges of Engelond and of Fraunce
after +tat +tey hadde i-made suerte bytwene hem tweyne, +tat 
dwelled at Turon in Fraunce forto abide somer, to wende in
+te wey to +te Holy Land nou+gt onliche in holy entent and for
<P VIII,91>
cause of [{+te{] fey, but for to desire of her owne helthe 
and hope of greet hap and fortune. Bote +te ri+gtwisnesse of
God allowe+t non suche [{a{] manere doynge, but semeliche
God ordeyne+t +tat outrage [{pryde{] of mysbileved men
schulde be alayde in +tat manere. [{Also wi+t oute +te mescheef
and woo +tat Iewes suffrede in here body and catel at
Lyncolne and at Lynne, +get at +Gork after a longe sege and
greet mescheef and woo, Raby, mayster of Iewes, forkutte +te
veynes of foure hondred Iewes, and his owne veynes also, and
his wifes +trote.{] Also at Staunforde Iewes were i-bete,
i-slawe, and i-spild. And oon Iohn, moost hardy of Cristen
men, com to Northamptoun wi+t many grete prayes; +tere his
hostiler slow+g hym priveliche by ny+gt for covetise of money
+tat he hadde i-brou+gt, and +trew +te body by ny+gte wi+t      #
oute 
+te citee, and fley+g awey as a +teef schulde. +Tanne olde      #
wyfes
mette, and +tere were i-seie wonder false si+gtes and fals
tokenes, and +te sely men bere an honde +tat it was for +te
holynesse of +tat man, +tat +tey hilde a verray martir, and     #
worschipped
+te sepulcre of +te dede man wi+t solempne wacches
and +giftes; bote wise men lowh hem to scorne; bote clerkes
of +te place were wel apaide +terwith, ffor +tey hadde profi+gt
+terby. +Tis was i-tolde +te bisshop, and anon he forbeed +te
doynge of symple men uppon the peyne of cursynge, and 
+te greet boost of coveytous men and of hir false martir. In
+te mene tyme, while kyng Richard was absent, William bisshop
of Hely, +te kynges chaunceller, procuratour of +te rewme, +te
popes legat in Engelond i-made for money, he hilde lowe the
<P VIII,93>
clergie, and spak by +te kynges power, and bare down +te        #
kynges 
peple, and schewed auctorite of +te pope of Rome, and rood
wi+t a +towsand hors. He greved abbayes with paymentis
and with +giftes, and made his allye +te grettest of +te lond;
ei+ter primat his see he hilde low+g inow at his owne wille,
for Baldewyn +te archebisshop of Caunterbury deide at Tyrus 
tofore +te comynge of +te kyng to +te Holy Lond, and +te
kynges bro+ter Geffray, elyt of +Gork, he hadde i-let ten +gere
+tat he was nou+gt i-sacred. And also Giffray londede at
Dovere, and he bynam his catel, and drow+g hym out of Seynt
Martyns abbay, and putte hym in +te kynges tour; and made
a counsaile at Westmynstre as +te kynges procuratour and
+te popes legat. +Tere his fautour Hewe Nonant, bisshop of
Chestre, putte for+t a pleynt +tat [{+te{] monkes of Coventre   #
had
i-sched his blood ri+gt tofore +te hi+ge au+gter; +terfore      #
William
bisshop of Hely demede +tat monkes schulde be putte awey
from Coventre, and clerkes i-brou+gt +tider +tat lyve+t by      #
provendres.
By occasioun herof +tis Hewe, +tat was gylful of wit,
schameles and hardy in evel dedes, connynge in lettrure and
<P VIII,95>
faire speche, and had alway i-made debaat and strif bytwene
the priour and +te covent of Coventre, now wi+t streng+te of
men of armes he put out +te monkes as passing evel doers,
and gulty of huge trespas, and sente anon to the court of
Rome men of answere ful informed, wi+t lettres of bisshops
witnessynge +tat +te monkes had forsake Cristes chivalry, and
were afalle to wordliche likynge; +terfore he prayed of +te
pope fre power of +te ordenaunce of +tat abbay. +Te pope abood
sixe mon+tes wi+t +te sentence for to abide +gif eny man wolde
come and speke for +te monkes, bote defaute of spense and       #
lette +te
monkes, and made +tat +te bisshop had al his wille. +Te monkes
come unne+te at +te laste, whan +tey had [{longe{] i-wope +te
wrong of her violent out puttynge; but +te bisshoppes my+gt
and power hadde +te maistrye by money and by slei+te, and
meny +geres +te monkes were disperbled, and what +tey hadde
was i-ordeyned to provendres to clerkes, and +tey lyved         #
poorliche,
and gat her liflode as +tey my+gte. +Terfore whan +tis
bisshop [{Hew{] woor+t seek at Becco in Normandie in a
Good Friday, and my+gte no man fynde +tat wolde sette hym
penaunce, as it is i-seide, [{+tan he seide{] , "And I deme     #
myself
<P VIII,97>
to ligge in +te peyne of purgatorie for myn evel dedes anon
to +te day of doome."

<P VIII,99>
[} (\CAPITULUM VICESIMUM SEXTUM.\) }]
[}+TE CROWNYNGE OF +TE EMPEROUR.}]

   Affter Clement, +te +tridde Celestinus was pope sixe +gere   #
and
ei+gte mon+tes. +Te secounde day of his consecracioun he
<P VIII,101>
crowned +te fifte Henry emperour, Frederik his sone, in +tis
manere: first tofore +te grees of +te cherche of Rome he feng
an oo+t of +tis Henry +tat he schulde defende and meyntene
holy chirche and +te ri+gtes of holy chirche, and +gif ou+gt    #
were
bynome of seynt Petres londes, he schulde restore it a+gen
wi+t al his my+gt. +Tanne he sat in his chayer and hilde +te
emperours crowne with his feet, and +te emperour bowed doun
his heed, and +te pope let falle +te crowne uppon +te emperours
heed, and smot it [{of{] a+gen of +te emperours heed anon wi+t  #
his
feet ri+gt to +te grounde, in token +tat +te pope ha+t power to
make +te emperoure and sette hym down, if he is wor+ty.
+Te cardynals stood by, and took up +te crowne, and sette it    #
a+gen
uppon +te emperours heed. While kyng William was absent,
+te forsaide William de Longchamp, bisshop of Hely, prevede 
Hughe bisshop of Durham of al manere worschippe, and
greved +te bisshop of Wynchestre, and wre+t+ted nyh alle. In
+te mene tyme meny were arrayed for to passe +te see to have
and axe a remedie of +te kyng, and of help a+genst +te comoun 
<P VIII,103>
tiraunt; but he was ware +terof, and com tofore all o+tere, and
hadde alle his wille, and com a+gen or o+ter men come to +te
kyng; but o+ter men hadde lettres also suche as +tey wolde,  
and oon of hem, +tat was bisshop of [{Lyncolne, cam a+gen, and
persewede William bisshop{] of Hely anon to Lyncolne, +tere
was i-sette a day to answere, and +te castel of Tykhulle;
+tere whan +te bisshop of Durham was i-come, +tis William
spak to hym and seide, "I take +te nou+gt bisshop [{a           #
byschop{] ; 
but I chaunceller, take +te castellan, forto +tou +geve         #
plegges  
to +gilde up +te kynges castelles." +Te fame of +tis evel man
William fulfilled al Engelond, so +tat +te grete grucchede 
a+genst hym, and +te smale cursed wel faste. The kynges
bro+ter Iohn was wroo+t for +te takynge of his bro+ter Geffray,
elyt of +Gork, and gadrede greet streng+te of his owne province
and of Walsche men wi+t meny bisshoppes, and chased +tis
William from Wyndesore to +te toure of Londoun, and from
+tennes to Dovere; +tere +tis William dredde leste he schulde
nou+gt freliche passe +te see. and took a womman cloo+t 
<P VIII,105>
above his owne cle+tinge, and hyled his heed and +te more
deel of his [{face{] wi+t kerchefes and wymples, and walked
on +te clef, and bar on his lift arme a webbe of lynnen clo+t,
as it were to sellynge, and bare a met+gerde in his ri+gt
hond, for he wolde sliliche ascape and passe by +tat craft
and nou+gt be aspied. But for he cou+te not selle and undo
his cloo+t as a womman schulde, he was i-take by his prive
membres and despitouslyche aspied; but at +te laste he passed
+te see, and +te bisshop of Rothomage had +te rulynge of
reaume by maundement of +te kyng +tat was in Sicilia. Also
the bisshop of Bathe was i-chose archebisshop, but he was
soon dede; and +git William bisshop of Hely purchased a wel
stronge maundement of Celestinus +te pope, and hadde +te same
auctorite and power +tat he hadde ra+ter, as it were for        #
amaundement 
of +te kyngdom of Engelond, and forto wi+tstonde
Iohn +tat wolde byneme his bro+ter +te kyngdom while he was
absent; but in al +tis he was begiled, for he conspired and
was assentynge to Iohn for +giftes o+ter [{for{] faire          #
byhestes.
And +git al for nou+gt, for +tey he schewed at Dovere +te greet
warant of his legacie, +git +te queen Alianore and +te          #
archebishops
of Rothomage and of +Gork and meny o+ter compelled 
hym for to seille a+gen. +Tanne after +tat +tey hadde abide
springing tyme at Turon, +te kynges of Fraunce and of Engelond
<P VIII,107>
wente, +tat oon by londe and +tat o+ter by water, and
com to Sicilia; +tere +te kyng of Fraunce let passe +te trespas
of his men unpunsched, and was cleped a lombe; but +te kyng
of Engelonde leet no trespas unpunsched, +terfore he was
i-cleped a leon. Also kyng Richard ffau+gt wi+t Griffon, in
Calabria and in Sicilia, and hadde +te maistrie. He made a 
castel of tree to be i-lad aboute, and he rerede +tat castel
[{a+genst +te citee of Messan, and cleped +tat castel{]         #
Mategrysphom;
with +tat castel afterward he to +te citee of
Acres. And +tere his moder brou+gt hym a faire mayde of 
schap and of speche, Berengaria, +tat was +te kynges dou+gter
of Navarne, and kyng Richard wedded her to wyfe. +Tanne
+te kyng of Fraunce wente ffor+t into Siria, and +te kyng of
Engelond abood somwhat after +tat he was a goo. Bote in
+tat abidynge he was nou+gt idel, but he sente for+t vitailles
and made engynes. +Tanne he wente out of Sycil and com
into Cipres, and by+tou+gt hym +tat tweyne of +te kynges
schippes were to-broke wi+t tempest in +te see, and i-spoyled
by men of Cipres. +Terfore kyng Richard chasede +te kyng of
<P VIII,109>
+te lond, +tat wolde nou+gt doo amendes, from citee to citee,   #
for to
+te kyng +galde hym to kyng Richard. And +te kyng +galde 
hym self uppon covenant +tat he schulde nou+gt be putte in
bondes of iren. Kynge Richard grauntede, but he put hym
in bondes of silver, and dwelled +tere tweie mon+tes, and hadde
+te londe at his wille. +Tan he wente to Acres, and took in +te
see oon of +te sowdans greet schippes i-lade with grete riches,
and bolgede and +trulled it in +te ey+ter side. Whan he
come to Acres, fil strif bytwene hym and +te kyng of
Fraunce [^HERE BEGINS AN EXTRACT FROM OTHER MANUSCRIPTS^] in    #
+tis manere. By covenant that was made bytwene
him at Turon, the kynge of Fraunce chalanged half that was
wonne in Cypres. Kynge Richard ayenesayde, and sayde that
the covenaunt was made of +te wynnynge in +te Holy Lond
[{and{] a+genst +te Sarsyns. Also +tere was ano+ter cause
<P VIII,111>
of stryf, for the kyng wolde leve no+ting to +te eorl of        #
Champayn,
+tat was +to ful nedy and in greet mescheef, but he
wolde legge Champayn to +te kyng to wedde. +Tan +te eorle
seide, "Ich have y-doo +tat y schulde; here after y schal
doo what me nede+t : myn owne lord fonge+t me nou+gt
but for myne; +terfore y schal goo to hym +tat is more redy
to geve +tan to fonge." +Tanne he cam to kyng Richard,
and was riche ynowe. [^HERE ENDS AN EXCTRACT FROM OTHER         #
MANUSCRIPTS^] Also kyng Richard faverede Gy 
kyng of Ierusalem a+genst Conradus Markys kyng of Tyrus, +tat
+te kyng of Fraunce faverede in +te o+ter side. But he come+t
to +te seege of Acres, +tat was byseged two +gere and al +te
travayle i-lost. For +te engynes +tat were i-brou+gt a+genst    #
+te
citee were i-brend wi+t Grekkische fuyre, +tat no water
my+gte aquenche, no+ter o+ter element. Also +te Cristene men 
wax lasse and lasse, somdel for siknes and somdel for o+ter
defau+gtes and mescheef. Also it was to deled in parties [{for
+te stryf{] +tat was bytwene Gy and +te Markes. Also som
greet of oure side hadde i-fonge money and mede of +te
sowdon.
 
<S SAMPLE 3>
<P VIII,347>
 +Te sixte pope Clement deide at seynt Nicolas day, and anon
+te popes cheef penytauncer, Stevene bisshop Hostiensis, was    #
i-chosen
pope, and was i-cleped +te sixte Innocent. Also +tat +gere
bygan grete der+te of +tinges +tat schulde be soolde, so +tat   #
+te sale
of +tynges was of double price to +tat it was i-wont. Also +te
see and +te lond gan to wexe more bareyne +tan +tey were to
forhonde. +Tis +gere it was accorded and i-swore bytwene +te
kynges of Engelond and of Fraunce, oute take +tat +te kynges
seeles were nou+gt i-sette too +te endentures +tat were         #
i-wrete:
+te accorde was +tat +te kyng of Engelond schulde have alle his
londes of +te ducherye of Gyan +tat were bynome hym to
forehonde by +te kyng of Fraunce, [{so +tat +te kyng of         #
Engelond
shulde leve and resigne up to +te kyng of Fraunce{] al +te      #
right
and +te cleyme +tat he had to +te reume of Fraunce. Uppon +tat
doynge were solempne messangers i-sent in +te kynges byhalf
of Engelond, Henry +te nobil duke of Lancastre, Henry
erle of Arundel, Michel of Nor+teburgh bisshop of Londoun, and
Gy de Bryan; +tese were i-sent to the popes court forto have
<P VIII,348>
+tese covenauntes recorded by +te popes billes; but by sodeyn
fraude of Fraunce, and by assent of +te pope, +tese covenantes
were i-putte of and undo; +terfore Engelond arraye+t forto      #
fi+gte
forto recovere and wynne +te londes +tat were bynome wi+t
wrong, and +te kyng of Engelond entred into Fraunce wi+t
greet streng+te of kny+gtes. But he herde telle +tat Berwyk was
i-take, and come a+gen, and delyvered Berwyk of +te power of
+te Scottes. +Tis +gere was so grete drow+te +tat +tre mon+tes  #
togidres,
Averel, May, and June, unne+te fel a drope of reyn
doun to the er+te. On Friday in Wytsonwyke were tweye
freres of +te ordre of Menoures i-brent in Avyoun for som
fals opiniouns, as it semed +te pope and +te cardynales. +Te 
same +gere, at +te Nativite of oure Lord, +te kyng of Engelond
his eldest sone Edward seilled into Gascoyne wi+t many 
men of armes and archeres, to recovere and wynne +te londes
of +te ducherie of Gyan, +tat +te kyng of Fraunce hadde long
tyme wrongfulliche wi+tholde; +tere Edward dwelled al a +gere
wi+t oute eny reese of enemyes. But in mene tyme he took
<P VIII,349>
and beet doun and spoylled and brent huge citees +tat were
rebel a+genst hym, as Narboun, Carcason, and o+tere; bot in +te
ende of +te +gere of his comynge, +te oon and twenty day of +te
mon+te of Septembre, while +te duke of Lancastre byseged +te
citee of Berenens in Bretayne, Edwerd passed by +te brynkes of
+te ryver of Leyr, +tat is of +te ducherie of Gyan, +tere come  #
+te
kyng of Fraunce wi+t a greet oost, and fau+gt wi+t hym; but +te
kyng of Fraunces men weren i-slawe and i-chasede, and
+te kyng of Fraunce was i-take and i-brou+gt at Burdewys,
in Gascoyne, and was +tere forto Witsontyde. [{+Tis +gere
about Witsontide{] the forseyde Edward seyled out of Gascoyne
into Engelond [{with Joon kyng of Frenschemen{] ; +tan
tweie cardynales come into Engelond forto to trete of pees
bytwene +te tweie kynges. +Tese cardynales dwelled in
Engelond a ful +gere, and +te +tridde cardynal come of his
owne heed to conforte the kyng of Fraunce, and dwellid
wi+t the o+tere cardynales at Londoun. Also +tis +gere,         #
[{+tat{] was
+gere of oure Lord a +towsand +tre hondred and seven and fifty,
[{aboute{] alle Alewen tide, Davyd le Bruce, kyng of Scotlond,
<P VIII,350>
was delyvered, +tat hadde i-be long tyme in warde enlevene
+gere in +te castel of Odiam, and he paide a grete raunsoun.
Also +tis +gere at +te court of Rome bygan greet stryff bytwene
[{+te{] primat Armacan and freres beggers. Also +te same +gere  #
was
grete destruccioun in Bretayne and in Normandye, by Phelip
+tat was +te kynges bro+ter of Navare, and sir Iames Pypyn
and Robert Knolles, and many o+ter Englisshe men wi+touten
heed and wi+touten waraunt of +te kyng of Engelond.
+Tis +gere aboute +te Assumpcioun of oure Lady, Edward kyng
of Engelond, and his eldest sone Edward prince of Wales, +te
duke of Lancastre, and nygh alle +te lordes of Engelond, wi+t
a greet oost of horsmen and of archers i-gadred wi+t aboute a
+towsand chariottes, dwelled somtyme longe tyme at Sandewiche,
and aboute Myghelmasse next +terafter +te forsaide
duke seilled to Caleys; +te kyng and +te prince seilled to +te
same place aboute Candelmasse, and bygunne to ride anon
in +te reaume of Fraunce, but +tat +tey lay in +te feelde of
<P VIII,351>
Burgoyne and in +te champayne anon to +te Anunciacioun of
oure Lady. In +te mene tyme +te Normans londed at Wynchilsee
wi+t a litel navey in Engelond, +te fifte day of Marche,
and assailled +tat toun, and slou+g men, and brent some of +te
toun. But +tere meny of +te see +tefes were i-slawe and
i-dreynt, and +te o+tere deel of +te see +tefes fly+ge to +te
schippes, and went out of Engelond, as +tey were compelled by
+te abbot of Bataylle and streng+te +tat was wi+t hym. +Tis     #
+gere,
aboute seynt Donstones day and feste, Edward kyng of
Engelond toke trewes wi+t +te kyng of Fraunce, in hope of
pees, and cam wi+t his oost a+gen into Engelond. But he loste
many men, horses, and chariottes, besides Parys, the ey+gte+te
day after Estre, by a storme of weder +tat fel +tere +tat tyme.
Aboute Lamasse next +terafter Armacan and +te ordres of
beggers of +te stryf +tat was bytwene hem cessed by heste of
+te pope. Also +te same +gere +te prince of Wales, +te duke of
Lancastre, and many o+ter lordes of Engelond, and +te kyng of
Fraunce, wente to Caleys to reforme the pees bytwene Engelond
<P VIII,352>
and Fraunce. +Tere +te pees was refourmed and assured
wi+t suerte of o+ter in ey+ter side, and +te kynges of 
Engelond and of Fraunce wente home a+gen to her owne kyngdoms
aboute Mychemasse; and sone +terafter were messangers
i-sent to Avyon to +te pope, to conferme +te pees and 
covenante in ey+ter side.
   God be +tonked of al his nedes: +tis translacioun is i-ended
in a +Torsday, +te ey+gte+te day of Averyl, +te +gere of oure   #
Lord
a +towsand +tre hondre foure score and sevene, +te ten+te +gere
of kyng Richard +te secounde after +te conquest of Engelond,
+te +gere of my lordes age, sire Thomas [{lorde{] of Berkeley,
+tat made me make +tis translacioun, fyve and thrytty. (\Deo 
gracias.\) 



<B CMMANDEV>
<Q M3 NI TRAV MAND>
<N MANDEVILLE>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G TRANSL>
<F FRENCH>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MANDEVILLE'S TRAVELS,
TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH
OF JEAN D'OUTREMEUSE, VOL. I.
THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 153.
ED. P. HAMELIUS.
LONDON, 1919.
PP. 28.19 - 37.12    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 140.3 - 145.17   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 28>
[}OF THE CONTREE OF EGIPT; OF THE BRID
FENIX; OF ARABYE; OF THE CYTEE OF
CAYRE; OF THE CONNYNGE TO KNOWEN
BAWME AND TO PREUEN IT, AND OF THE
GERNERES OF JOSEPH.}]

   EGYPT is a long contree but it is streyt +tat is to seye
narow for +tei may not enlargen it toward the desert
for defaute of water And the contree is sett along vpon
the ryuere of Nyle be als moche as +tat ryuere may serue
be flodes or o+terwise +tat whanne it floweth it may spreden
abrood +torgh the contree, so is the contree large of lengthe.
For +tere it reyneth not but lityll in +tat contree & for +tat
cause +tei haue no water, but +gif it be of +tat flood of +tat
ryuere. And for als moche as it ne reyneth not in
+tat contree but the eyr is alwey pure & cleer, +terfore in
<P 29>
+tat contree ben the gode astronomyeres, for +tei fynde
+tere no cloudes to letten hem. Also the cytee of Cayre
is right gret & more huge +tan +tat of Babyloyne the lesse
And it sytt abouen toward the desert of Syrye a lytill
abouen the ryuere aboueseyd. In Egipt +tere ben .ij.
parties, The heghte +tat is toward Ethiope & the loweness
+tat is towardes Arabye. In Egypt is the lond of
Ramasses & the lond of Gessen. Egipt is a strong
contree for it hath many schrewede hauenes be cause
of the grete Roches +tat ben stronge and daungerouse
to passe by. And at Egipt toward the Est is the rede
see +tat dureth vnto the cytee of Coston & toward the
west is the cytee of lybye +tat is a full drye lond & lityll
of fruyt, for it is ouer moche plentee of hete And +tat
lond is clept Fusth. And toward the partie meridionall
is Ethiope & toward the north is the desert +tat dureth
vnto Syrye & so is the contree strong on all sydes. And
it is wel a .xv. iourneyes of lengthe & more +tan two
so moche of desert & it is but .ij. iournees of largeness.
And betwene Egipt & Nubye it hath wel a .xij. iournees
of desert And men of Nubye ben cristen but +tei ben
blake as the Mowres for gret hete of the sonne. In
Egipt +tere ben .v. prouynces, +tat on hight (^Sahyth^) +tat
other hight (^Demeseer^) another (^Resich^) , +tat is an Ile in
(^Nyle^) , Another (^Alisandre^) & another the lond of          #
(^Damyete^) .
+Tat citee was wont to be right strong but it was twyes
wonnen of the cristene men And +terfore after +tat the
sarazines beten down the walles And with the walles &
the toures +terof the sarazaines maden another cytee more
fer from the see & clepeden it the newe Damyete, So +tat
now no man duelleth at the rathere toun of Damyete.
At +tat cytee of Damyete is on of the hauenes of Egypt
& at Alisandre is +tat other +tat is a full strong cytee, But
+tere is no water to drynke, but +gif it come be condyt from
Nyle +tat entreth in to here cisternes, And who so stopped
+tat water from hem, +tei myghte not endure +tere. In
Egypt +tere ben but fewe Forcelettes or castelles be cause
<P 30>
+tat the contree is so strong of himself. (^Nota of a
Merueyle.^) At the desertes of Egypte was a worthi man
+tat was an holy heremyte & +tere mette with him a Monstre
+tat is to seyne a monstre is a +ting difformed a+gen kynde
bothe of man or of best or of ony +ting elles & +tat is cleped
a Monstre. And this monstre +tat mette with this holy
heremyte was as it hadde ben a man +tat hadde .ij. hornes
trenchant on his forhede & he hadde a body lyk a man
vnto +te navele And benethe he hadde the body lych a
goot & the heremyte asked him what he was. And the
monstre answerde him & seyde he was a dedly creature
such as god hadde formed & duelled in +to desertes in
purchacynge his sustynance, & besoughte the heremyte
+tat he wolde preye god for him the whiche +tat cam from
heuene for to sauen all mankynde & was born of a mayden
& suffred passioun & deth as wee wel knowen, be whom
wee lyuen & ben. And +git is the hede with the .ij. hornes
of +tat monstre at Alisandre for a merueyle. In Egipt
is the citee of Elyople +tat is to seyne the cytee of the       #
sonne.
In +tat cytee +tere is a temple made round after the schapp
of the temple of Ierusalem. The prestes of +tat temple han
all here wrytynges vnder the date of the foul +tat is clept
Fenix & +tere is non but on in all the world And he cometh
to brenne himself vpon the awtere of +tat temple at the ende
of .v. hundred +geer for so longe  he lyueth. And at the
 .vc. +geres ende the prestes arrayen here awtere honestly
and putten +tere vpon spices & sulphur vif & o+ter thinges
+tat wolen brennen lightly And +tan the brid Fenix
cometh & brenneth himself to askes. And the first day
next after men fynden in the askes a worm And the
seconde day next after men fynden a brid quyk & parfyt
And the thridde day next after he fleeth his wey And
so +tere is no mo briddes of +tat kynde in all the world
but it allone & treuly +tat is a gret myracle of god. And
men may wel lykne +tat bryd vnto god be cause +tat +tere
nys no god but on And also +tat oure lord aroos from
deth to lyue the thridde day. This bryd men seen often
<P 31>
tyme fleen in +to contrees And he is not mecheles more
+tan an Egle And he hath a crest of fedres vpon his hed
more gret +tan the poocok hath & his nekke is +galow after
colour of an Oriell +tat is a ston wel schynynge. And
his bak is coloured blew as ynde And his wenges ben
of purpre colour And the tayll is +gelow & red, castynge
his tayll a+gen in travers. And he is a full fair brid to
loken vpon a+genst the sonne, for he schyneth full gloriously
& nobely. Also in Egipt ben gardynes +tat han
trees & herbes +te whiche beren frutes .vij. tymes in the
+geer And in +tat lond men fynden manye fayre Emeraudes
& ynowe And +terfore +tei ben +tere grettere cheep. Also
whan it reyneth ones in the somer in the lond of Egipt
+tanne is all the contree full of grete myzs. Also at Cayre
+tat I spak of before sellen men comounly bothe men &
wommen of other lawe as we don here bestes in the markat.
And +tere is a comoun hows in +tat cytee +tat is all full of
smale furneys & thider bryngen wommen of the toun here
eyren of hennes of gees & of dokes for to ben put into
+to forneyses And +tei +tat kepen +tat hows coueren hem
with hete of hors dong Withouten henne goos or doke
or ony o+ter foul. And at the ende of .iij. wokes or of a
moneth +tei comen a+gen & taken here chikenes & norisschen
hem & bryngen hem forth so +tat all the contree is full of
hem And so men don +tere bothe winter & somer. Also
in +tat contree & in o+tere also men fynden longe Apples to
selle in hire cesoun & men clepen hem Apples of Paradys
& +tei ben right swete & of gode sauour And +togh +gee
kutte hem in neuer so many gobettes or parties ouerthwart
or endlonges eueremore +gee schull fynden in the
myddes the figure of the holy cros of oure lord Ihesu
But +tei wil roten within .viij. dayes And for +tat cause
men may not carye of +to apples to no fer contrees. Of
hem men fynden the mountance of an hundred in a
bascat to selle & +tei han grete leues of a fote & an half
of lengthe & +tei ben couenably large. And men fynden 
+tere also the appull tree of Adam +tat han a byte at on
<P 32>
of the sydes And +tere ben also Fige trees +tat beren no
leves but fyges vpon the smale braunches & men clepen
hem Figes of (^Pharoon^) . Also besyde (^Cayre^) withouten
+tat cytee is the feld where Bawme groweth And it
cometh out on smale trees +tat ben non hyere +tan to a
mannes breek girdill & +tei semen as wode +tat is of the
wylde vyne. And in +tat feld ben .vij. welles +tat oure
lord Ihesu crist made with on of his feet whan he wente
to pleyen with o+ter children. +Tat feld is not so wel
closed  but +tat men may entren at here owne list, But
in +tat cesoun +tat the bawme is growynge men put
+tere to gode kepynge +tat no man dar ben hardy to
entre. This bawme groweth in no place but only +tere
And +tough +tat men bryngen of +te plauntes for to planten
in o+ter contrees +tei growen wel & fayre but +tei bryngen
forth no fructuous thing. & the leves of bawme ne falle
nought. And men kutten the braunches with a scharp
flyntston or with a scharp bon whanne men wil go to
kutte hem, For who so kutte hem with jren it wolde
destroye his vertue & his nature. And the sarazines
clepen the wode (^Enochbalse^) , And the fruyt the whiche
+tat is as quybybes +tei clepen (^Abebissam^) And the lycour
+tat droppeth fro the braunches +tei clepen Guybalse.
And men maken all weys +tat bawme to ben tyled of the
cristen men or elles it wolde not fructyfye As the Sarazins
seyn hemself for it hath ben oftentyme preued.
Men seyn also +tat the bawme groweth in ynde the more
in +tat desert where Alysaundre spak to the trees of the
sonne & of the mone But I haue not seen it For I haue
not ben so fer abouen vpward because +tat +tere ben to
many perilouse passages. And wyte +gee wel +tat a man
oughte to take gode kepe for to bye bawme but +gif he
cone knowe it right wel, for he may right lyghtly ben
disceyued For men sellen a gomme +tat men clepen
Turbentyne in stede of bawme And +tei putten +tereto a
litill bawme for to +geuen gode odour And summe putten
<P 33>
wax in oyle of the wode of the fruyt of bawme & seyn
+tat it is bawme And summe destyllen clowes of gylofre
& of spykenard of Spayne & of o+tere spices +tat ben
wel smellynge & the lykour +tat goth out +terof +tei
clepe it bawme And +tus ben many grete lordes & o+tere
disceyued And +tei wenen +tat +tei han bawme & +tei haue non.
For the Sarazines countrefeten it be sotyltee of craft for to
disceyuen the cristene men as I haue seen full many a
tyme. And after hem the marchauntes & the Apotecaries
countrefeten it eftsones & +tanne it is lasse worth & a gret
del worse. But +gif it lyke +gou I schall schewe how +gee
schull knowe & preue to the ende +tat +gee schull not ben
disceyued. First +gee schull wel knowe +tat the naturell
bawme is full cleer & of cytryne colour & strongly
smellynge. And +gif it be thikke or reed or blak it is
Sophisticate +tat is to seyne contrefeted & made lyke it
for disceyt. And vnderstondeth +tat +gif +gee wil putte a
lityll bawme in the pawme of +goure hond a+gen the sonne,
+gif it be fyn & gode +gee ne schull not suffre +goure hand
a+genst the hete of the sonne. Also taketh a lytill bawme
with the poynt of a knyf & touche it to the fuyr & +gif it
brenne it is a gode signe. After take also a drope of
bawme & put it into a dissch or in a cuppe with mylk of
a goot And +gif it be naturell bawme anon it wole take &
beclippe the mylk. Or put a drope of bawme in clere
water in a cuppe of syluer or in a clere bacyn & stere it
wel with the clere water And +gif +tat the bawme be
fyn & of his owne kynde the water schall neuere trouble,
And +gif the bawme be sophisticat +tat is to seyne
countrefeted the water schall beco[{m{]e anon trouble.
And also +gif the bawme be fyn it schall falle to the 
botme of the vessell as +tough it were quyk syluer, For
the fyn bawme is more heuy twyes +tan is the bawme +tat
is sophisticat & countrefeted. Now I haue spoken of
bawme & now also I schall speke of another thing +tat is
be+gonde Babyloyne aboue the Flode of Nile toward the
<P 34>
desert betwene Affrik & Egypt +tat is to seyne of the
Gerneres Joseph +tat he leet make for to kepe the
greynes for the perile of the dere +geres. And +tei ben
made of ston full wel made of Masounes craft Of the whiche
 .ij. ben merueylouse grete & hye And the to+tere ne ben
not so grete. And euery Gerner hath a +gate for to entre
withjnne A lytill hygh from the erthe For the lond is
wasted & fallen sithe the Gerneres were made. And
withjnne +tei ben all full of serpentes And abouen the
Gerneres withouten ben many scriptures of dyuerse
langages. And summen seyn +tat +tei ben sepultures of
grete lordes +tat weren somtyme but +tat is not trewe For
all the comoun rymour & speche is of all the peple +tere
bothe fer & nere +tat +tei ben the Garneres of Joseph And
so fynden +tei in here scriptures & in here cronycles. On
+tat o+ter partie, +gif +tei weren sepultures +tei scholden not
ben voyd withjnne Ne +tei scholde haue no +gates for to
entre withjnne. For +gee may wel knowe +tat tombes &
sepultures ne ben not made of such gretness ne of suche
highness, Wherfore it is not to beleue +tat +tei ben tombes
or sepultures. In Egypt also +tere ben dyuerse langages
& dyuerse lettres & of o+ter manere condicioun +tan +tere
ben in o+ter partes as I schall deuyse +gou suche as +tei
ben And the names how thei clepen hem, To such entent
+tat +gee mowe knowe the difference of hem & of othere.

[}OF THE YLE OF CECYLE; OF THE WEYE FRO
BABYLOYNE TO THE MOWNT SYNAY; OF
THE CHIRCHE OF SEYNTE KATERYNE, AND
OF ALLE THE MERUAYLLES +TERE.}]

   Now wil I retourne a+gen or I procede ony ferthere for
to declare +gou the othere weyes +tat drawen towardes
Babiloyne where the Soudan himself duelleth +tat is at
<P 35>
the entree of Egypt, for als moche as many folk gon
+tider first & after +tat to the mownt Synay & after retournen
to Ierusalem, As I haue seyd +gou here beforn.
For +tei fulfillen first the more longe pilgrymage & after
retournen a+gen be the nexte weyes because +tat the more
ny weye is the more worthi & +tat is Ierusalem, For non
other pilgrymage is not lyk in comparsoun to it. But
for to fulfille here pilgrymages more esily & more sykerly
men gon first the longer weye rathere +tan the nerere
weye. But whoso wil go to Babyloyne be another weye
more schort from +te contrees of the west +tat I haue
reherced before or from o+ter contrees next fro hem, +tan
men gon by Fraunce be Burgoyne & be Lombardye. It
nedeth not to telle +gou the names of the cytees ne of
the townes +tat ben in +tat weye For the weye is comoun
& it is knowen of many nacyouns. And +tere ben manye
havenes [{where{] +tat men taken the see. Summe men taken
the see at Gene, Somme at Venyse & passen be the see
Adryatyk +tat is clept the Goulf of Venyse, +tat departeth
ytaylle & Grece on +tat syde. And somme gon to Naples
somme to Rome & from Rome to Brandys & +tere +tei
taken the see & in many othere places where +tat hauenes
ben. And men gon be Tussye be Champayne be Calabre
be Appuille & be the hilles of ytaylle be Chorisqe be
Sardyne & be Cycile +tat is a gret Ile & a gode. In +tat
Ile of Cycile +ter is a maner of a gardyn in the whiche
ben many dyuerse frutes And the gardyn is alweys
grene & florisshing, all the cesouns of the +geer als wel
in winter as in somer. +Tat Ile holt in compas aboute
 .ccc & l. frensche myles And betwene Cycile & Itaylle
+tere is not but a lytill arm of the see +tat men clepen
the Farde of Mescyne And Cycile is betwene the see
Adryatyk & the see of lombardye, And fro Cycile in
to Calabre is but .viij. myles of lombardye. And in
Cycile +tere is a manere of serpentes be the whiche men
assayen & preuen whe+ter here children ben bastardes or
none or of lawefull mariage, For +gif +tei ben born in right
<P 36>
mariage the serpentes gon aboute hem & don hem non 
harm And +gif +tei ben born in avowtrie the serpentes
byten hem & envenyme hem & thus manye wedded men
preuen +gif the children ben here owne. Also in +tat Ile
is the Mount Ethna +tat men clepen Mount Gybell & the
wlcanes +tat ben eueremore brennynge. And +tere ben
 .vij. places +tat brennen & +tat casten out dyuerse flawmes
and dyuerse colour And be the chaungynge of +to flawmes
men of +tat contree knowen whanne it schall be derthe or
gode tyme or cold or hoot or moyst or drye or in all
othere manere how the tyme schall be gouerned. And
from Itaille vnto the wlcanes nys but .xxv. myle And
men seyn +tat the wlcanes ben weyes of helle. Also
whoso goth be Pyse +gif +tat men list to go +tat weye +tere
is an arm of the see where +tat men gon to o+tere hauenes
in +to marches And +tan men passen be the Ile of (^Greef^)
+tat is at (^Gene^) And after arryueth men in (^Grece^) at the
hauene of the cytee of Myrok or at the hauene of Valone
or at the cytee of Duras, & +tere is a Duk at Duras, or at
o+tere hauenes in +to marches & so men gon to Constantynoble.
And after gon men be watre to the Ile of Crete &
to the Ile of Rodes & so to Cypre & so to Venyse & fro 
+tens to Constantynoble, to holde the more right weye be
see it is wel a .m viij & iiij. score myle of lombardye.
And after from Cipre men gon be see & leven Ierusalem &
all +tat contre on the left hond vnto Egypt & arryuen at
the cytee of DAMYETE +tat was wont to ben full strong &
it sytt at the entree of Egypt. And fro Damyete gon
men to the Cytee of Alizandre +tat sytt also vpon the see.
In +tat cytee was seynte kateryne beheded And +tere was
seynt Mark the Euuangelist martyred & buryed, But the
Emperour Leoun made his bones to ben brought to
Venyse. And +git +tere is at Alizandre a faire chirche
all white withouten peynture and so ben all the othere
chirches +tat weren of the cristene men all white withjnne,
For the Paynemes & the Sarrazynes maden hem
white for to fordon the ymages of seyntes +tat weren
<P 37>
peynted on the walles. +Tat cytee of Alizandre is wel 
 .xxx. furlonges in lengthe but it is but .x. on largeness
And it is a full noble cytee & a fayr. At +tat cytee
entreth the ryuere of Nyle in to the see as I to +gou haue
seyd before. In +tat ryuere men fynden many precyouse
stones & meche also of lignum aloes And it is a manere
of wode +tat cometh out of paradys terrestre the whiche
is good for manye dyuerse medicynes And it [{is{] right
dereworth. And from Alizandre men gon to Babyloyne
where the Soudan dwelleth +tat sytt also vpon the ryuere
of Nyle, And this weye is most schort for to go streyght
vnto Babiloyne. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 140>
[}OF THE GRETE CHANE OF CHATAY; OF THE
RIALTEE OF HIS PALAYS & HOW HE SITT
AT METE, AND OF THE GRETE NOMBRE OF
OFFICERES +TAT SERUEN HYM.}]

   Chatay is a grete contree & a fair, noble & riche &
full of marchauntes; +tider gon Marchaundes all
+geres for to sechen spices & all manere of marchandises
more comounly +tan in ony o+ter partye. And +gee schull
vnderstonde +tat Marchaundes +tat comen fro (^Gene^) or
fro (^Venyse^) or fro (^Romanye^) or o+ter parties of           #
(^Lombardye^)
+tei gon be see & be londe .xj. monethes or .xij. or more
sumtyme or +tei may come to the yle of (^Cathay^) , +tat is
the princypall regyoun of all partyes be+gonde & it is of
the grete (^Cane^) . Fro (^Cathay^) go men toward the est be
many iorneyes & +tan men fynden a gode cytee betwene
+teise o+tere +tat men clepen (^Sugarmago^) . +Tat cytee is
on of the beste stored of sylk & o+ter marchandises +tat
is in the world. After gon men +git to ano+ter old cytee
toward the est & it is in the prouynce of (^Cathay^) , And
besyde +tat cytee the men of (^Tartarye^) han let make
a nother cytee +tat is clept Caydon & it hath .xij. +gates
And betwene the .ij. +gates +tere is allweys a gret myle.
So +tat the .ij. cytees, +tat is to seyne the olde & the
newe han in cyrcuyt more +tan .xx. myle. In this cytee
is the sege of the grete (^Cane^) in a full gret palays &
the most passynge fair in all the world, Of the whiche
the walles ben in circuyt more +tan .ij. myle, And within
the walles it is all full of o+ter palays. And in the gardyn
of the grete palays +tere is a gret hill vpon the whiche
is ano+ter palays And it is the most fair & the most riche
+tat ony man may deuyse And all aboute the palays & the
hill ben many trees berynge many dyuerse frutes. And
<P 141>
all aboute +tat hill ben dyches grete & depe And besyde
hem ben grete vyueres on +tat o part & on +tat other
And +tere is a full fair brigge to passen ouer the dyches.
And in +teise vyueres ben so many wylde gees & gandres
& wylde dokes & swannes & heirouns +tat it is withouten
nombre. And all aboute +teise dyches & vyueres is the
grete gardyn full of wylde bestes so +tat whan the gret
(^Cane^) wil haue ony desport ou+ter to taken ony of the
wylde bestes or of the foules, he wil lete chace hem
& taken hem at the windowes withouten goynge out of
his chambre. This palays where his sege is is bothe
gret & passynge fair And within the palays in the halle
+tere ben .xxiiij. pyleres of fyn gold & all the walles ben
couered withjnne of rede skynnes of bestes +tat men
clepen (^Panteres^) , +tat ben faire bestes & wel smellyng
so +tat for the swete odour of +to skynnes non euyll ayr
may entre in to the palays. +To skynnes ben als rede as
blode & +tei schynen so brighte a+gen the sonne +tat vnethes
noman may beholden hem. And many folk worschipen
+to bestes whan +tei meeten hem first at morwe for here
gret vertue & for the gode smell +tat +tei han, & +to skynnes
+tei preysen more +tan +tough +tei were plate of fyn gold.
And in the myddes of this palays is the mountour for
the grete (^Cane^) +tat is all wrought of gold & of precyous
stones & grete perles. And at .iiij. corneres of the
mountour ben .iiij. serpentes of gold And all aboute +ter is
ymade large nettes of sylk & gold & grete perles hangynge
all aboute the mountour. And vnder the (^mountour^) ben
(^Condytes^) of beuerage +tat +tei drynken in the Emperours
court And besyde +te condytes ben many vesselles of gold
be the whiche +tei +tat ben of houshold drynken at the
condyt. And the halle of the palays is full nobelych
arrayed & full meruey[{l{]leousely atyred on all partyes in
all thinges +tat men apparayle with ony halle. And first
at the chief of the halle is the Emperoures throne full
high where he sytteth at the mete & +tat is of fyn
<P 142>
precyouse stones bordured all aboute with pured gold &
precyous stones & grete perles, And the grees +tat he goth
vp to the table ben of precious stones medled with gold.
And at the left syde of the Emperoures sege is the sege
of his firste wif o degree lowere +tan the Emperour & it is
of jaspere bordured with gold & precious stones. And the
sege of his seconde wif is also ano+ter [{degree{] more lowere
+tan his firste wif & it is also of jaspere bordured with
gold as +tat o+ter is. And the sege of the thridde wif is
also more lowe be a degree +tan the seconde wif. For he
hath alweys .iij. wifes with him where +tat euere he be &
after his wyfes on the same syde sytten the ladyes of his
lynage +git lowere after +tat +tei ben of estate. And all +to
+tat ben maryed han a countrefete made lyche a (^mannes
foot^) vpon here hedes cubyte long all wrought with grete
perles of fyne & oryent & abouen made with pecokes fedres
& of o+ter schynynge fedres & +tat stont vpon here hedes
lyke a crest, in tokene +tat +tei ben vnder mannes fote &
vnder subieccioun of man, And +tei +tat ben vnmaryed
han none suche. And after at the right syde of the
Emperour first sytteth his oldest sone +tat schall regne
after him; And he sytteth also o degree lowere +tan the
Emperour in suche manere of seges as don the Emperesses.
And after him sitten o+ter grete lordes of his lynage, euery
of hem a degree lowere +tan o+ter, as +tei ben of estate.
And the Emperour hath his table allone be him self +tat
is of gold & of precious stones or of cristall bordured with
gold & full of precious stones or of Amatystes or of
(^Lignum Aloes^) +tat cometh out of paradys or of Iuory
bounden & bordured with gold. And euerych of his
wyfes hath also hire table be hireself And his eldest sone
& the o+ter lordes also & the ladyes & all +tat sitten with 
the Emperour han tables allone be hemself full riche.
And +tere nys no table but +tat it is worth an huge tresour
of gode. And vnder the Emperoures table sitten .iiij.
clerkes +tat writen all +tat the Emperour seyth, be it good,
<P 143>
be it euyll. For all +tat he seyth moste ben holden, for
he may not chaungen his woord ne revoke it. And [{at{]
grete solempne festes before the Emperoures table men
bryngen grete tables of gold & +tereon be Pecokes of gold
& many o+ter maner of dyuerse foules all of gold & richely
wrought & enameled & men maken hem dauncen and
syngen clappynge here wenges to gydere & maken gret
noyse & whe+ter it be by craft or be nygromancye I wot nere,
but it is a gode sight to beholde & a fair, And it is gret
meruayle how it may be. But I haue the lasse meruaylle
because +tat +tei ben the moste sotyle men in all sciences &
in all craftes +tat ben in the world, For of sotyltee & of
malice & of fer castynge +tei passen all men vnder heuene.
And +terfore +tei seyn hem self +tat +tei seen with .ij. eyen
& the cristene men see but with on be cause +tat +tei ben
more sotyll +tan +tei, For all o+ter naciouns +tei seyn ben
but blynde in conynge & worchinge in comparisoun to
hem. I did gret besyness for to haue lerned +tat craft
but the maistre tolde me +tat he had made avow to his god
to teche it to no creature but only to his eldeste sone.
Also aboue the Emperoures table & the o+tere tables &
abouen a gret partie in the halle is a (^Vyne^) made of fyn
gold & it spredeth all aboute the hall & it hath many
clustres of grapes, somme white, somme grene, summe
+galowe & somme rede & somme blake, all of precious
stones. The white ben of (^cristall^) & of (^berylle^) & of
(^jris^) , the +galowe ben of (^topazes^) , the rede ben of
(^rubies^) & of (^Grenaz^) & of (^Alabraundynes^) , The grene
ben of Emeraudes of Perydos & of Crisolytes, And the
blake ben of Onichez & Garantez. And +tei ben all so
propurlych made +tat it semeth a verry vyne berynge
kyndely grapes. And before the Emperoures table
stonden grete lordes & riche barouns & othere +tat seruen
the Emperour at the mete. But noman is so hardy to
speke a word but +gif the Emperour speke to him, But +gif
it be Mynstrelles +tat syngen songes & tellen gestes or o+ter
<P 144>
desportes to solace with the Emperour. And all the
vessell +tat men ben serued with in the halle or in 
chambres ben of precious stones And specyally at grete
tables, ou+ter of jaspre or of cristall or of Amatystez or
of fyn gold. And the cuppes ben of Emeraudez & of
Saphires or of Topazes, of Perydoz and of many o+ter
precyouse stones. Vessell of syluer is +tere non, for +tei
tell no prys +tere of to make no vessell offe, But +tei
maken +terof grecynges & pileres & pawmentes to halles &
chambres. And before the halle dore stonden manye
barounes & knyghtes clene armed to kepe +tat noman
entre, but +gif it be the wille or the commandement of the
Emperour or but +gif +tei ben seruauntes or mynstrall of
the houshold; And o+ter non is not so hardy to neighen
ny the hall dore. And +ge schull vndirstonde +tat my
felawes and I with oure +gomen we serueden this
Emperour & weren his Soudyoures .xv. monethes a+genst
the kyng of (^Mancy^) +tat held werre a+genst him. And the
cause was for wee hadden gret lust to see his noblesse &
the estat of his court & all his gouernance, to wite +gif it
were such as we herde seye +tat it was. And treuly we
fond it more noble and more excellent & ricchere & more
merueyllous +tan euer we herde speke offe. In so moche
+tat we wolde neuer han leved it, had wee not a seen it,
For I trowe +tat noman wolde beleve the noblesse, the
ricchesse ne the multytude of folk +tat ben in his court,
but he had seen it. For it is not +tere as it is here, For
the lordes here han folk of certeyn nombre als +tei may
suffise, But the grete (^Chane^) hath euery day folk at his
costages & expens as withouten nombre. But the
ordynance ne the expenses in mete & drink ne the
honestee ne the clennesse is not so arrayed +tere as it is
here; for all the comouns +tere eten withouten cloth vpon
here knees & +tei eten all maner of flessch & lityll of bred,
And after mete +tei wypen here hondes vpon here skyrtes
& +tei eten not but ones a day. But the estat of lordes is
full gret & riche & noble. And all be it +tat sum men wil
<P 145>
not trow me, but holden it for fable to tellen hem the
nobless of his persone & of his estate & of his court & of
the gret multytude of folk +tat he holt, natheles I schall
seye +gou A partye of him & of his folk, after +tat I haue
seen the manere & the ordynance full many a tyme. And
whoso +tat wole may leve me +gif he will, And whoso will
not may leue also. For I wot wel +gif ony man hath
ben in +to contrees be+gonde, +tough he haue not ben in the
place where the grete (^Chane^) duelleth, he schall here
speke of him so meche merueylouse +ting, +tat he schall
not trowe it lightly; And treuly no more did I myself til
I saugh it. And +to +tat han ben in +to contrees & in the
gret (^Canes^) houshold knowen wel +tat I seye soth And
+terfore I will not spare for hem +tat knowe not ne beleue
not but +tat +tat +tei seen for to tell +gou a partie of him &
of his estate +tat he holt whan he goth from contree to
contree & whan he maketh solempne festes.



<B CMCTVERS>
<Q M3 NI FICT CTPROL>
<N CT PROL>
<A CHAUCER GEOFFREY>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K X>
<D EML>
<V VERSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  THE GENERAL PROLOGUE
TO THE CANTERBURY TALES.
THE RIVERSIDE CHAUCER.
THIRD EDITION.
GENERAL EDITOR L. D. BENSON.
BASED ON THE WORKS OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER,
EDITED BY F. N. ROBINSON.
BOSTON: HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY, 1987.
PP. 24.C2.89 - 35.C1.746       (SAMPLE 1)

CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  THE WIFE OF BATH'S PROLOGUE.
Idem.
PP. 107.C2.193 - 109.C2.335    (SAMPLE 2)

CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  THE SUMMONER'S TALE.
Idem.
PP. 133.C1.2036 - 135.C1.2175  (SAMPLE 3)

CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  THE MERCHANT'S TALE.
Idem.
PP. 155.C1.1311 - 156.C2.1450  (SAMPLE 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 24.C2>
Embrouded was he, as it were a meede 
Al ful of fresshe floures, whyte and reede. 
Syngynge he was, or floytynge, al the day;
He was as fressh as is the month of May.  
<P 25.C1>
Short was his gowne, with sleves longe and wyde. 
Wel koude he sitte on hors and faire ryde.
He koude songes make and wel endite, 
Juste and eek daunce, and weel purtreye and write.  
So hoote he lovede that by nyghtertale
He sleep namoore than dooth a nyghtyngale.
Curteis he was, lowely, and servysable,
And carf biforn his fader at the table.
   A YEMAN hadde he and servantz namo
At that tyme, for hym liste ride so, 
And he was clad in cote and hood of grene.
A sheef of pecok arwes, bright and kene,  
Under his belt he bar ful thriftily 
(Wel koude he dresse his takel yemanly;
His arwes drouped noght with fetheres lowe), 
And in his hand he baar a myghty bowe. 
A not heed hadde he, with a broun visage. 
Of wodecraft wel koude he al the usage.
Upon his arm he baar a gay bracer,
And by his syde a swerd and a bokeler, 
And on that oother syde a gay daggere
Harneised wel and sharp as point of spere;
A Cristopher on his brest of silver sheene. 
An horn he bar, the bawdryk was of grene; 
A forster was he, soothly, as I gesse. 
   Ther was also a Nonne, a PRIORESSE,  
That of hir smylyng was ful symple and coy; 
Hire gretteste ooth was but by Seinte Loy;
And she was cleped madame Eglentyne. 
Ful weel she soong the service dyvyne, 
Entuned in hir nose ful semely; 
<P 25.C2>
And Frenssh she spak ful faire and fetisly, 
After the scole of Stratford atte Bowe,
For Frenssh of Parys was to hire unknowe. 
At mete wel ytaught was she with alle; 
She leet no morsel from hir lippes falle, 
Ne wette hir fyngres in hir sauce depe;
Wel koude she carie a morsel and wel kepe 
That no drope ne fille upon hire brest.
In curteisie was set ful muchel hir lest. 
Hir over-lippe wyped she so clene 
That in hir coppe ther was no ferthyng sene 
Of grece, whan she dronken hadde hir draughte. 
Ful semely after hir mete she raughte. 
And sikerly she was of greet desport,
And ful plesaunt, and amyable of port, 
And peyned hire to countrefete cheere
Of court, and to been estatlich of manere,
And to ben holden digne of reverence.
But for to speken of hire conscience, 
She was so charitable and so pitous  
She wolde wepe, if that she saugh a mous  
Kaught in a trappe, if it were deed or bledde. 
Of smale houndes hadde she that she fedde 
With rosted flessh, or milk and wastel-breed.  
But soore wepte she if oon of hem were deed,
Or if men smoot it with a yerde smerte;
And al was conscience and tendre herte.
Ful semyly hir wympul pynched was,
Hir nose tretys, hir eyen greye as glas,  
Hir mouth ful smal, and therto softe and reed. 
<P 26.C1>
But sikerly she hadde a fair forheed;
It was almoost a spanne brood, I trowe;
For, hardily, she was nat undergrowe.
Ful fetys was hir cloke, as I was war. 
Of smal coral aboute hire arm she bar
A peire of bedes, gauded al with grene,
And theron heng a brooch of gold ful sheene,
On which ther was first write a crowned A,
And after (\Amor vincit omnia.\) 
   Another NONNE with hire hadde she,
That was hir chapeleyne, and preestes thre. 
   A MONK ther was, a fair for the maistrie, 
An outridere, that lovede venerie,
A manly man, to been an abbot able.  
Ful many a deyntee hors hadde he in stable, 
And whan he rood, men myghte his brydel heere  
Gynglen in a whistlynge wynd als cleere
And eek as loude as dooth the chapel belle 
Ther as this lord was kepere of the celle.
The reule of Seint Maure or of Seint Beneit -
By cause that it was old and somdel streit
This ilke Monk leet olde thynges pace, 
And heeld after the newe world the space. 
He yaf nat of that text a pulled hen,
That seith that hunters ben nat hooly men,
Ne that a monk, whan he is recchelees, 
Is likned til a fissh that is waterlees -  
This is to seyn, a monk out of his cloystre.
But thilke text heeld he nat worth an oystre;  
<P 26.C2>
And I seyde his opinion was good. 
What sholde he studie and make hymselven wood, 
Upon a book in cloystre alwey to poure,
Or swynken with his handes, and laboure,  
As Austyn bit? How shal the world be served?  
Lat Austyn have his swynk to hym reserved!
Therfore he was a prikasour aright:  
Grehoundes he hadde as swift as fowel in flight; 
Of prikyng and of huntyng for the hare 
Was al his lust, for no cost wolde he spare.
I seigh his sleves purfiled at the hond
With grys, and that the fyneste of a lond;
And, for to festne his hood under his chyn, 
He hadde of gold ywroght a ful curious pyn; 
A love-knotte in the gretter ende ther was. 
His heed was balled, that shoon as any glas,
And eek his face, as he hadde been enoynt.
He was a lord ful fat and in good poynt;  
His eyen stepe, and rollynge in his heed, 
That stemed as a forneys of a leed;  
His bootes souple, his hors in greet estaat.
Now certeinly he was a fair prelaat; 
He was nat pale as a forpyned goost. 
A fat swan loved he best of any roost. 
His palfrey was as broun as is a berye.
   A FRERE ther was, a wantowne and a merye, 
A lymytour, a ful solempne man. 
In alle the ordres foure is noon that kan 
So muchel of daliaunce and fair langage.  
He hadde maad ful many a mariage
Of yonge wommen at his owene cost.
Unto his ordre he was a noble post.  
<P 27.C1>
Ful wel biloved and famulier was he  
With frankeleyns over al in his contree,  
And eek with worthy wommen of the toun;
For he hadde power of confessioun,
As seyde hymself, moore than a curat,
For of his ordre he was licenciat.
Ful swetely herde he confessioun, 
And plesaunt was his absolucioun: 
He was an esy man to yeve penaunce,  
Ther as he wiste to have a good pitaunce. 
For unto a povre ordre for to yive
Is signe that a man is wel yshryve;  
For if he yaf, he dorste make avaunt,
He wiste that a man was repentaunt;  
For many a man so hard is of his herte,
He may nat wepe, althogh hym soore smerte. 
Therfore in stede of wepynge and preyeres
Men moote yeve silver to the povre freres.
His typet was ay farsed ful of knyves
And pynnes, for to yeven faire wyves.
And certeinly he hadde a murye note:
Wel koude he synge and pleyen on a rote;
Of yeddynges he baar outrely the pris.
His nekke whit was as the flour-de-lys;
Therto he strong was as a champioun.
He knew the tavernes wel in every toun
And everich hostiler and tappestere
Bet than a lazar or a beggestere,
For unto swich a worthy man as he
Acorded nat, as by his facultee,
To have with sike lazars aqueyntaunce.
It is nat honest; it may nat avaunce,
For to deelen with no swich poraille,
But al with riche and selleres of vitaille.
<P 27.C2>
And over al, ther as profit sholde arise,
Curteis he was and lowely of servyse;
Ther nas no man nowher so vertuous.
He was the beste beggere in his hous;
[{And yaf a certeyn ferme for the graunt;
Noon of his bretheren cam ther in his haunt;{]
For thogh a wydwe hadde noght a sho,
So plesaunt was his (\"In principio,"\)
Yet wolde he have a ferthyng, er he wente.
His purchas was wel bettre than his rente. 
And rage he koude, as it were right a whelp. 
In love-dayes ther koude he muchel help,
For ther he was nat lyk a cloysterer  
With a thredbare cope, as is a povre scoler, 
But he was lyk a maister or a pope.
Of double worstede was his semycope,  
That rounded as a belle out of the presse. 
Somwhat he lipsed, for his wantownesse, 
To make his Englissh sweete upon his tonge;
And in his harpyng, whan that he hadde songe,
His eyen twynkled in his heed aryght 
As doon the sterres in the frosty nyght.
This worthy lymytour was cleped Huberd. 
   A MARCHANT was ther with a forked berd, 
In mottelee, and hye on horse he sat; 
Upon his heed a Flaundryssh bever hat,
His bootes clasped faire and fetisly. 
His resons he spak ful solempnely, 
Sownynge alwey th'encrees of his wynnyng.  
He wolde the see were kept for any thyng
Bitwixe Middelburgh and Orewelle.
<P 28.C1>
Wel koude he in eschaunge sheeldes selle.  
This worthy man ful wel his wit bisette:
Ther wiste no wight that he was in dette,  
So estatly was he of his governaunce  
With his bargaynes and with his chevyssaunce.
For sothe he was a worthy man with alle,
But, sooth to seyn, I noot how men hym calle.
   A CLERK ther was of Oxenford also, 
That unto logyk hadde longe ygo.
As leene was his hors as is a rake,
And he nas nat right fat, I undertake,
But looked holwe, and therto sobrely. 
Ful thredbare was his overeste courtepy,
For he hadde geten hym yet no benefice, 
Ne was so worldly for to have office. 
For hym was levere have at his beddes heed 
Twenty bookes, clad in blak or reed,  
Of Aristotle and his philosophie
Than robes riche, or fithele, or gay sautrie.
But al be that he was a philosophre,  
Yet hadde he but litel gold in cofre; 
But al that he myghte of his freendes hente, 
On bookes and on lernynge he it spente, 
And bisily gan for the soules preye
Of hem that yaf hym wherwith to scoleye.
Of studie took he moost cure and moost heede.
Noght o word spak he moore than was neede, 
And that was seyd in forme and reverence,  
And short and quyk and ful of hy sentence; 
Sownynge in moral vertu was his speche, 
And gladly wolde he lerne and gladly teche.
<P 28.C2>
   A SERGEANT OF THE LAWE, war and wys,  
That often hadde been at the Parvys,  
Ther was also, ful riche of excellence. 
Discreet he was and of greet reverence - 
He semed swich, his wordes weren so wise.  
Justice he was ful often in assise,
By patente and by pleyn commissioun.  
For his science and for his heigh renoun,  
Of fees and robes hadde he many oon.  
So greet a purchasour was nowher noon:
Al was fee symple to hym in effect;
His purchasyng myghte nat been infect.
Nowher so bisy a man as he ther nas,  
And yet he semed bisier than he was.  
In termes hadde he caas and doomes alle 
That from the tyme of kyng William were falle.  
Therto he koude endite and make a thyng,  
Ther koude no wight pynche at his writyng; 
And every statut koude he pleyn by rote.
He rood but hoomly in a medlee cote,
Girt with a ceint of silk, with barres smale;
Of his array telle I no lenger tale.
[^117 LINES OMITTED^]
<P 30.C2>
   A good WIF was ther OF biside BATHE, 
But she was somdel deef, and that was scathe.  
Of clooth-makyng she hadde swich an haunt
She passed hem of Ypres and of Gaunt.
In al the parisshe wif ne was ther noon
That to the offrynge bifore hire sholde goon;  
And if ther dide, certeyn so wrooth was she
That she was out of alle charitee.
Hir coverchiefs ful fyne weren of ground; 
I dorste swere they weyeden ten pound
That on a Sonday weren upon hir heed.
Hir hosen weren of fyn scarlet reed, 
Ful streite yteyd, and shoes ful moyste and newe.
Boold was hir face, and fair, and reed of hewe.
She was a worthy womman al hir lyve: 
Housbondes at chirche dore she hadde fyve,
Withouten oother compaignye in youthe - 
<P 31.C1>
But therof nedeth nat to speke as nowthe. 
And thries hadde she been at Jerusalem;
She hadde passed many a straunge strem;
At Rome she hadde been, and at Boloigne,  
In Galice at Seint-Jame, and at Coloigne. 
She koude muchel of wandrynge by the weye.
Gat-tothed was she, soothly for to seye.  
Upon an amblere esily she sat,  
Ywympled wel, and on hir heed an hat 
As brood as is a bokeler or a targe; 
A foot-mantel aboute hir hipes large,
And on hir feet a paire of spores sharpe. 
In felaweshipe wel koude she laughe and carpe. 
Of remedies of love she knew per chaunce, 
For she koude of that art the olde daunce.
   A good man was ther of religioun, 
And was a povre PERSOUN OF A TOUN,
But riche he was of hooly thoght and werk.
He was also a lerned man, a clerk,
That Cristes gospel trewely wolde preche; 
His parisshens devoutly wolde he teche.
Benygne he was, and wonder diligent, 
And in adversitee ful pacient,  
And swich he was ypreved ofte sithes.
Ful looth were hym to cursen for his tithes,
But rather wolde he yeven, out of doute,  
Unto his povre parisshens aboute
Of his offryng and eek of his substaunce. 
He koude in litel thyng have suffisaunce. 
Wyd was his parisshe, and houses fer asonder,  
But he ne lefte nat, for reyn ne thonder, 
In siknesse nor in meschief to visite
<P 31.C2>
The ferreste in his parisshe, muche and lite,  
Upon his feet, and in his hand a staf. 
This noble ensample to his sheep he yaf,  
That first he wroghte, and afterward he taughte. 
Out of the gospel he tho wordes caughte,  
And this figure he added eek therto, 
That if gold ruste, what shal iren do? 
For if a preest be foul, on whom we truste, 
No wonder is a lewed man to ruste;
And shame it is, if a prest take keep, 
A shiten shepherde and a clene sheep.
Wel oghte a preest ensample for to yive,  
By his clennesse, how that his sheep sholde lyve.
He sette nat his benefice to hyre 
And leet his sheep encombred in the myre  
And ran to Londoun unto Seinte Poules
To seken hym a chaunterie for soules,
Or with a bretherhed to been withholde;
But dwelte at hoom, and kepte wel his folde,
So that the wolf ne made it nat myscarie; 
He was a shepherde and noght a mercenarie.
And though he hooly were and vertuous, 
He was to synful men nat despitous,  
Ne of his speche daungerous ne digne,
But in his techyng discreet and benygne.  
To drawen folk to hevene by fairnesse, 
By good ensample, this was his bisynesse. 
But it were any persone obstinat, 
What so he were, of heigh or lough estat, 
Hym wolde he snybben sharply for the nonys. 
A bettre preest i trowe that nowher noon ys.
He waited after no pompe and reverence,
Ne maked him a spiced conscience, 
<P 32.C1>
But Cristes loore and his apostles twelve 
He taughte; but first he folwed it hymselve.
   With hym ther was a PLOWMAN, was his brother,  
That hadde ylad of dong ful many a fother;
A trewe swynkere and a good was he,  
Lyvynge in pees and parfit charitee. 
God loved he best with al his hoole herte 
At alle tymes, thogh him gamed or smerte, 
And thanne his neighebor right as hymselve. 
He wolde thresshe, and therto dyke and delve,  
For Cristes sake, for every povre wight,  
Withouten hire, if it lay in his myght.
His tithes payde he ful faire and wel, 
Bothe of his propre swynk and his catel.  
In a tabard he rood upon a mere.
   Ther was also a REVE, and a MILLERE, 
A SOMNOUR, and a PARDONER also, 
A MAUNCIPLE, and myself - ther were namo. 
   The MILLERE was a stout carl for the nones; 
Ful byg he was of brawn, and eek of bones.
That proved wel, for over al ther he cam, 
At wrastlynge he wolde have alwey the ram.
He was short-sholdred, brood, a thikke knarre; 
Ther was no dore that he nolde heve of harre,  
Or breke it at a rennyng with his heed.
His berd as any sowe or fox was reed,
And therto brood, as though it were a spade.
Upon the cop right of his nose he hade 
A werte, and theron stood a toft of herys,
Reed as the brustles of a sowes erys;
His nosethirles blake were and wyde. 
A swerd and bokeler bar he by his syde.
<P 32.C2>
His mouth as greet was as a greet forneys.
He was a janglere and a goliardeys,  
And that was moost of synne and harlotries. 
Wel koude he stelen corn and tollen thries; 
And yet he hadde a thombe of gold, pardee.
A whit cote and a blew hood wered he.
A baggepipe wel koude he blowe and sowne, 
And therwithal he broghte us out of towne.
   A gentil MAUNCIPLE was ther of a temple,  
Of which achatours myghte take exemple 
For to be wise in byynge of vitaille;
For wheither that he payde or took by taille,  
Algate he wayted so in his achaat 
That he was ay biforn and in good staat.  
Now is nat that of God a ful fair grace
That swich a lewed mannes wit shal pace
The wisdom of an heep of lerned men? 
Of maistres hadde he mo than thries ten,  
That weren of lawe expert and curious, 
Of which ther were a duszeyne in that hous
Worthy to been stywardes of rente and lond
Of any lord that is in Engelond,
To make hym lyve by his propre good  
In honour dettelees (but if he were wood),
Or lyve as scarsly as hym list desire; 
And able for to helpen al a shire 
In any caas that myghte falle or happe.
And yet this Manciple sette hir aller cappe.  
[^84 LINES OMITTED^]
<P 34.C1> 
   With hym ther rood a gentil PARDONER   
Of Rouncivale, his freend and his compeer, 
That streight was comen fro the court of Rome. 
Ful loude he soong "Com hider, love, to me!" 
This Somonour bar to hym a stif burdoun;
Was nevere trompe of half so greet a soun. 
This Pardoner hadde heer as yelow as wex,  
But smothe it heeng as dooth a strike of flex; 
By ounces henge his lokkes that he hadde,  
And therwith he his shuldres overspradde;  
But thynne it lay, by colpons oon and oon. 
But hood, for jolitee, wered he noon, 
For it was trussed up in his walet.
Hym thoughte he rood al of the newe jet;
Dischevelee, save his cappe, he rood al bare.  
<P 34.C2>
Swiche glarynge eyen hadde he as an hare.  
A vernycle hadde he sowed upon his cappe.  
His walet, biforn hym in his lappe,
Bretful of pardoun, comen from Rome al hoot.
A voys he hadde as smal as hath a goot. 
No berd hadde he, ne nevere sholde have;
As smothe it was as it were late shave. 
I trowe he were a geldyng or a mare.  
But of his craft, fro Berwyk into Ware 
Ne was ther swich another pardoner. 
For in his male he hadde a pilwe-beer,
Which that he seyde was Oure Lady veyl;
He seyde he hadde a gobet of the seyl 
That Seint Peter hadde, whan that he wente 
Upon the see, til Jhesu Crist hym hente.
He hadde a croys of latoun ful of stones,  
And in a glas he hadde pigges bones.  
But with thise relikes, whan that he fond  
A povre person dwellynge upon lond,
Upon a day he gat hym moore moneye 
Than that the person gat in monthes tweye; 
And thus, with feyned flaterye and japes,  
He made the person and the peple his apes. 
But trewely to tellen atte laste,
He was in chirche a noble ecclesiaste.
Wel koude he rede a lessoun or a storie,
But alderbest he song an offertorie;  
For wel he wiste, whan that song was songe,
He moste preche and wel affile his tonge
To wynne silver, as he ful wel koude; 
Therefore he song the murierly and loude.  
   Now have I toold you soothly, in a clause, 
Th'estaat, th'array, the nombre, and eek the cause  
<P 35.C1>
Why that assembled was this compaignye
In Southwerk at this gentil hostelrye 
That highte the Tabard, faste by the Belle.
But now is tyme to yow for to telle
How that we baren us that ilke nyght, 
Whan we were in that hostelrie alyght;
And after wol I telle of our viage 
And al the remenaunt of oure pilgrimage.
But first I pray yow, of youre curteisye,  
That ye n'arette it nat my vileynye,  
Thogh that I pleynly speke in this mateere,
To telle yow hir wordes and hir cheere, 
Ne thogh I speke hir wordes proprely. 
For this ye knowen al so wel as I: 
Whoso shal telle a tale after a man,  
He moot reherce as ny as evere he kan 
Everich a word, if it be in his charge, 
Al speke he never so rudeliche and large,  
Or ellis he moot telle his tale untrewe,
Or feyne thyng, or fynde wordes newe. 
He may nat spare, althogh he were his brother; 
He moot as wel seye o word as another.
Crist spak hymself ful brode in hooly writ,
And wel ye woot no vileynye is it. 
Eek Plato seith, whoso that kan hym rede,
The wordes moote be cosyn to the dede.
Also I prey yow to foryeve it me,
Al have I nat set folk in hir degree
Heere in this tale, as that they sholde stonde.
My wit is short, ye may wel understonde.

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M3 NI FICT CTBATH>
<N CT BATH>
<A CHAUCER GEOFFREY>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K X>
<D EML>
<V VERSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>

<P 107.C2> 
   Now, sire, now wol I telle forth my tale. 
As evere moote I drynken wyn or ale, 
I shal seye sooth; tho housbondes that I hadde,
As thre of hem were goode, and two were badde. 
The thre were goode men, and riche, and olde;  
Unnethe myghte they the statut holde 
In which that they were bounden unto me.  
Ye woot wel what I meene of this, pardee! 
As help me God, I laughe whan I thynke 
How pitously a-nyght I made hem swynke!
And, by my fey, I tolde of it no stoor.
They had me yeven hir lond and hir tresoor; 
Me neded nat do lenger diligence
To wynne hir love, or doon hem reverence. 
They loved me so wel, by God above,  
That I ne tolde no deyntee of hir love!
A wys womman wol bisye hire evere in oon  
To gete hire love, ye, ther as she hath noon.  
<P 108.C1>
But sith I hadde hem hoolly in myn hond,  
And sith they hadde me yeven al hir lond, 
What sholde I taken keep hem for to plese,
But it were for my profit and myn ese? 
I sette hem so a-werke, by my fey,
That many a nyght they songen 'Weilawey!'  
The bacon was nat fet for hem, I trowe,
That som men han in Essex at Dunmowe.
I governed hem so wel, after my lawe,
That ech of hem ful blisful was and fawe  
To brynge me gaye thynges fro the fayre.  
They were ful glad whan I spak to hem faire,
For, God it woot, I chidde hem spitously. 
   Now herkneth hou I baar me proprely, 
Ye wise wyves, that kan understonde. 
Thus shulde ye speke and bere hem wrong on honde,
For half so boldely kan ther no man  
Swere and lyen, as a womman kan.
I sey nat this by wyves that been wyse,
But if it be whan they hem mysavyse. 
A wys wyf, if that she kan hir good, 
Shal beren hym on honde that the cow is wood,
And take witnesse of hir owene mayde 
Of hir assent. But herkneth how I sayde:  
   'Sire olde kaynard, is this thyn array? 
Why is my neighebores wyf so gay?
She is honoured over al ther she gooth;
I sitte at hoom; I have no thrifty clooth. 
What dostow at my neighebores hous?  
Is she so fair? Artow so amorous? 
What rowne ye with oure mayde? Benedicite!
Sire olde lecchour, lat thy japes be!
And if I have a gossib or a freend,  
Withouten gilt, thou chidest as a feend,  
If that I walke or pleye unto his hous!
Thou comest hoom as dronken as a mous, 
And prechest on thy bench, with yvel preef! 
Thou seist to me it is a greet meschief
<P 108.C2>
To wedde a povre womman, for costage;
And if that she be riche, of heigh parage,
Thanne seistow that it is a tormentrie 
To soffre hire pride and hire malencolie. 
And if that she be fair, thou verray knave, 
Thou seyst that every holour wol hire have; 
She may no while in chastitee abyde, 
That is assailled upon ech a syde.
   Thou seyst som folk desiren us for richesse,
Somme for oure shap, and somme for oure fairnesse,  
And som for she kan outher synge or daunce, 
And som for gentillesse and daliaunce; 
Som for hir handes and hir armes smale;
Thus goth al to the devel, by thy tale.
Thou seyst men may nat kepe a castel wal, 
It may so longe assailled been overal.
   And if that she be foul, thou seist that she
Coveiteth every man that she may se, 
For as a spanyel she wol on hym lepe,
Til that she fynde som man hire to chepe. 
Ne noon so grey goos gooth ther in the lake 
As, seistow, wol been withoute make. 
And seyst it is an hard thyng for to welde
A thyng that no man wole, his thankes, helde.  
Thus seistow, lorel, whan thow goost to bedde, 
And that no wys man nedeth for to wedde,  
Ne no man that entendeth unto hevene.
With wilde thonder-dynt and firy levene
Moote thy welked nekke be tobroke!
   Thow seyst that droppyng houses, and eek smoke,
And chidyng wyves maken men to flee  
Out of hir owene houses; a, benedicitee! 
What eyleth swich an old man for to chide?
   Thow seyst we wyves wol oure vices hide
Til we be fast, and thanne we wol hem shewe -   
Wel may that be a proverbe of a shrewe!
<P 109.C1>
   Thou seist that oxen, asses, hors, and houndes,
They been assayed at diverse stoundes; 
Bacyns, lavours, er that men hem bye,
Spoones and stooles, and al swich housbondrye, 
And so been pottes, clothes, and array;
But folk of wyves maken noon assay,  
Til they be wedded - olde dotard shrewe! -
And thanne, seistow, we wol oure vices shewe.  
   Thou seist also that it displeseth me
But if that thou wolt preyse my beautee,  
And but thou poure alwey upon my face, 
And clepe me "faire dame" in every place.
And but thou make a feeste on thilke day  
That I was born, and make me fressh and gay;
And but thou do to my norice honour, 
And to my chamberere withinne my bour, 
And to my fadres folk and his allyes -  
Thus seistow, olde barel-ful of lyes!
   And yet of oure apprentice Janekyn,  
For his crispe heer, shynynge as gold so fyn,  
And for he squiereth me bothe up and doun,
Yet hastow caught a fals suspecioun. 
I wol hym noght, thogh thou were deed tomorwe! 
   But tel me this: why hydestow, with sorwe,
They keyes of thy cheste awey fro me?
It is my good as wel as thyn, pardee!
What, wenestow make an ydiot of oure dame?
Now by that lord that called is Seint Jame, 
Thou shalt nat bothe, thogh that thou were wood, 
Be maister of my body and of my good;
That oon thou shalt forgo, maugree thyne yen.  
What helpith it of me to enquere or spyen?
I trowe thou woldest loke me in thy chiste! 
Thou sholdest seye, "Wyf, go wher thee liste;
Taak youre disport; I wol nat leve no talys.
I knowe yow for a trewe wyf, dame Alys."
We love no man that taketh kep or charge  
Wher that we goon; we wol ben at oure large.
<P 109.C2>
   Of alle men yblessed moot he be,
The wise astrologien, Daun Ptholome, 
That seith this proverbe in his Almageste: 
"Of alle men his wysdom is the hyeste 
That rekketh nevere who hath the world in honde." 
By this proverbe thou shalt understonde,  
Have thou ynogh, what thar thee recche or care 
How myrily that othere folkes fare?  
For, certeyn, olde dotard, by youre leve, 
Ye shul have queynte right ynogh at eve.  
He is to greet a nygard that wolde werne  
A man to lighte a candle at his lanterne;  
He shal have never the lasse light, pardee. 

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<P 133.C1>
   And to the firste knyght right thus spak he,
'I dampned thee; thou most algate be deed.  
And thou also most nedes lese thyn heed, 
For thou art cause why thy felawe deyth.'
And to the thridde knyght right thus he seith, 
'Thou hast nat doon that I comanded thee.'  
And thus he dide doon sleen hem alle thre.  
   "Irous Cambises was eek dronkelewe,
And ay delited hym to been a shrewe.
And so bifel, a lord of his meynee 
<P 133.C2>
That loved vertuous moralitee 
Seyde on a day bitwix hem two right thus:
" 'A lord is lost, if he be vicius; 
And dronkenesse is eek a foul record
Of any man, and namely in a lord. 
Ther is ful many an eye and many an ere
Awaityng on a lord, and he noot where. 
For Goddes love, drynk moore attemprely! 
Wyn maketh man to lesen wrecchedly
His mynde and eek his lymes everichon.'
   " 'The revers shaltou se,' quod he, 'anon, 
And preve it by thyn owene experience, 
That wyn ne dooth to folk no swich offence. 
Ther is no wyn bireveth me my myght 
Of hand ne foot, ne of myne eyen sight.' 
And for despit he drank ful muchel moore,
An hondred part, than he hadde don bifoore; 
And right anon this irous, cursed wrecche
Leet this knyghtes sone bifore hym fecche,  
Comandynge hym he sholde bifore hym stonde. 
And sodeynly he took his bowe in honde,
And up the streng he pulled to his ere,
And with an arwe he slow the child right there.
'Now wheither have I a siker hand or noon?' 
Quod he; 'Is al my myght and mynde agon? 
Hath wyn bireved me myn eyen sight?'
What sholde I telle th'answere of the knyght?  
His sone was slayn; ther is namoore to seye.
Beth war, therfore, with lordes how ye pleye.  
Syngeth Placebo, and 'I shal, if I kan,' 
But if it be unto a povre man. 
To a povre man men sholde his vices telle,  
But nat to a lord, thogh he sholde go to helle.
   "Lo irous Cirus, thilke Percien,
How he destroyed the ryver of Gysen,
For that an hors of his was dreynt therinne,
Whan that he wente Babiloigne to wynne.
He made that the ryver was so smal
That wommen myghte wade it over al. 
Lo, what seyde he that so wel teche kan?'
'Ne be no felawe to an irous man, 
Ne with no wood man walke by the weye, 
Lest thee repente;' I wol no ferther seye.  
<P 134.C1>
   "Now, Thomas, leeve brother, lef thyn ire;
Thou shalt me fynde as just as is a squyre. 
Hoold nat the develes knyf ay at thyn herte - 
Thyn angre dooth thee al to soore smerte - 
But shewe to me al thy confessioun." 
"Nay," quod the sike man, "by Seint Symoun!
I have be shryven this day at my curat.
I have hym toold hoolly al myn estat;  
Nedeth namoore to speken of it," seith he,
"But if me list, of myn humylitee." 
   "Yif me thanne of thy gold, to make oure cloystre,"
Quod he, "for many a muscle and many an oystre, 
Whan othere men han ben ful wel at eyse, 
Hath been oure foode, our cloystre for to reyse. 
And yet, God woot, unnethe the fundement 
Parfourned is, ne of our pavement 
Nys nat a tyle yet withinne oure wones.
By God, we owen fourty pound for stones. 
   "Now help, Thomas, for hym that harwed helle!
For elles moste we oure bookes selle.  
And if yow lakke oure predicacioun, 
Thanne goth the world al to destruccioun.
For whoso wolde us fro this world bireve,
So God me save, Thomas, by youre leve, 
He wolde bireve out of this world the sonne.
For who kan teche and werchen as we konne?  
And that is nat of litel tyme," quod he,
"But syn Elye was, or Elise,  
Han freres been - that fynde I of record - 
In charitee, ythanked be oure Lord! 
Now Thomas, help, for seinte charitee!" 
And doun anon he sette hym on his knee.
  This sike man wax wel ny wood for ire; 
He wolde that the frere had been on-fire
With his false dissymulacioun. 
"Swich thyng as is in my possessioun,"
Quod he, "that may I yeve, and noon oother. 
<P 134.C2>
Ye sey me thus, how that I am youre brother?"
   "Ye, certes," quod the frere, "trusteth weel.  
I took oure dame oure lettre with oure seel."
   "Now wel," quod he, "and somwhat shal I yive
Unto youre hooly covent whil I lyve;
And in thyn hand thou shalt it have anon,
On this condicion, and oother noon, 
That thou departe it so, my deere brother,  
That every frere have also muche as oother. 
This shaltou swere on thy professioun, 
Withouten fraude or cavillacioun." 
   "I swere it," quod this frere, "by my feith!"
And therwithal his hand in his he leith, 
"Lo, heer my feith; in me shal be no lak." 
  "Now thanne, put in thyn hand doun by my bak,"
Seyde this man, "and grope wel bihynde. 
Bynethe my buttok there shaltow fynde  
A thyng that I have hyd in pryvetee."
  "A!" thoghte this frere, "That shal go with me!"
And doun his hand he launcheth to the clifte  
In hope for to fynde there a yifte. 
And whan this sike man felte this frere
Aboute his tuwel grope there and heere,
Amydde his hand he leet the frere a fart;
Ther nys no capul, drawynge in a cart, 
That myghte have lete a fart of swich a soun.  
   The frere up stirte as dooth a wood leoun -  
"A, false cherl," quod he, "for Goddes bones!  
This hastow for despit doon for the nones.  
Thou shalt abye this fart, if that I may!"
   His meynee, whiche that herden this affray, 
Cam lepynge in and chaced out the frere; 
And forth he gooth, with a ful angry cheere,
And fette his felawe, ther as lay his stoor.
He looked as it were a wilde boor;
He grynte with his teeth, so was he wrooth. 
A sturdy paas doun to the court he gooth,
Wher as ther woned a man of greet honour,
To whom that he was alwey confessour.  
<P 135.C1>
This worthy man was lord of that village.
This frere cam as he were in a rage,
Where as this lord sat etyng at his bord;
Unnethes myghte the frere speke a word,
Til atte laste he seyde, "God yow see!"  
   This lord gan looke, and seide, "Benedicitee!
What, frere John, what maner world is this? 
I se wel that som thyng ther is amys;  
Ye looken as the wode were ful of thevys.
Sit doun anon, and tel me what youre grief is, 
And it shal been amended, if I may." 

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<P 155.C1>
   A wyf is Goddes yifte verraily; 
Alle othere manere yiftes hardily, 
As londes, rentes, pasture, or commune, 
Or moebles - alle been yiftes of Fortune,
That passen as a shadwe upon a wal.
But drede nat, if pleynly speke I shal: 
A wyf wol laste, and in thyn hous endure,  
Wel lenger than thee list, paraventure. 
   Mariage is a ful greet sacrement.  
He which that hath no wyf, I holde hym shent;
He lyveth helplees and al desolat - 
I speke of folk in seculer estaat. 
And herke why - I sey nat this for noght -
That womman is for mannes helpe ywroght.
The hye God, whan he hadde Adam maked,  
And saugh him al allone, bely-naked, 
God of his grete goodnesse seyde than,
"Lat us now make an helpe unto this man  
Lyk to hymself"; and thanne he made him Eve.  
Heere may ye se, and heerby may ye preve, 
That wyf is mannes helpe and his confort, 
His paradys terrestre, and his disport. 
So buxom and so vertuous is she,
They moste nedes lyve in unitee.
O flessh they been, and o fleesh, as I gesse,
Hath but oon herte, in wele and in distresse.
<P 155.C2>
   A wyf! a, Seinte Marie, benedicite!
How myghte a man han any adversitee  
That hath a wyf? Certes, I kan nat seye.
The blisse which that is bitwixe hem tweye  
Ther may no tonge telle, or herte thynke. 
If he be povre, she helpeth hym to swynke;
She kepeth his good, and wasteth never a deel; 
Al that hire housbonde lust, hire liketh weel; 
She seith nat ones "nay," whan he seith "ye." 
"Do this," seith he; "Al redy, sire," seith she. 
O blisful ordre of wedlok precious,
Thou art so murye, and eek so vertuous, 
And so commended and appreved eek  
That every man that halt hym worth a leek,
Upon his bare knees oughte al his lyf
Thanken his God that hym hath sent a wyf, 
Or elles preye to God hym for to sende  
A wyf to laste unto his lyves ende. 
For thanne his lyf is set in sikernesse;
He may nat be deceyved, as I gesse,
So that he werke after his wyves reed.  
Thanne may he boldely beren up his heed,
They been so trewe, and therwithal so wyse;  
For which, if thou wolt werken as the wyse,  
Do alwey so as wommen wol thee rede. 
   Lo, how that Jacob, as thise clerkes rede,
By good conseil of his mooder Rebekke,  
Boond the kydes skyn aboute his nekke,  
For which his fadres benyson he wan. 
   Lo Judith, as the storie eek telle kan,
By wys conseil she Goddes peple kepte,  
And slow hym Olofernus, whil he slepte. 
   Lo Abigayl, by good conseil how she 
Saved hir housbonde Nabal whan that he 
Sholde han be slayn; and looke, Ester also
By good conseil delyvered out of wo
The peple of God, and made hym Mardochee
Of Assuere enhaunced for to be. 
   Ther nys no thyng in gree superlatyf,
As seith Senek, above an humble wyf.
<P 156.C1>
   Suffre thy wyves tonge, as Catoun bit;  
She shal comande, and thou shalt suffren it, 
And yet she wole obeye of curteisye. 
A wyf is kepere of thyn housbondrye; 
Wel may the sike man biwaille and wepe, 
Ther as ther nys no wyf the hous to kepe. 
I warne thee, if wisely thou wolt wirche, 
Love wel thy wyf, as Crist loved his chirche.
If thou lovest thyself, thou lovest thy wyf; 
No man hateth his flessh, but in his lyf
He fostreth it, and therfore bidde I thee
Cherisse thy wyf, or thou shalt nevere thee. 
Housbonde and wyf, what so men jape or pleye,
Of worldly folk holden the siker weye;  
They been so knyt ther may noon harm bityde, 
And namely upon the wyves syde. 
For which this Januarie, of whom I tolde, 
Considered hath, inwith his dayes olde, 
The lusty lyf, the vertuous quyete,
That is in mariage hony-sweete, 
And for his freendes on a day he sente, 
To tellen hem th'effect of his entente. 
   With face sad his tale he hath hem toold. 
He seyde, "Freendes, I am hoor and oold, 
And almoost, God woot, on my pittes brynke;
Upon my soule somwhat moste I thynke.
I have my body folily despended;
Blessed be God that it shal been amended! 
For I wol be, certeyn, a wedded man, 
And that anoon in al the haste I kan.
Unto som mayde fair and tendre of age,  
I prey yow, shapeth for my mariage 
Al sodeynly, for I wol nat abyde;  
And I wol fonde t'espien, on my syde,
To whom I may be wedded hastily.
But forasmuche as ye been mo than I, 
Ye shullen rather swich a thyng espyen  
Than I, and where me best were to allyen. 
   But o thyng warne I yow, my freendes deere,  
I wol noon oold wyf han in no manere.
She shal nat passe twenty yeer, certayn;
Oold fissh and yong flessh wolde I have fayn.
<P 156.C2>
Bet is," quod he, "a pyk than a pykerel,  
And bet than old boef is the tendre veel. 
I wol no womman thritty yeer of age; 
It is but bene-straw and greet forage.  
And eek thise olde wydwes, God it woot, 
They konne so muchel craft on Wades boot, 
So muchel broken harm, whan that hem leste,  
That with hem sholde I nevere lyve in reste. 
For sondry scoles maken sotile clerkis; 
Womman of manye scoles half a clerk is. 
But certeynly, a yong thyng may men gye,
Right as men may warm wex with handes plye.  
Wherfore I sey yow pleynly, in a clause,
I wol noon oold wyf han right for this cause.
For if so were I hadde swich myschaunce
That I in hire ne koude han no plesaunce, 
Thanne sholde I lede my lyf in avoutrye
And go streight to the devel whan I dye. 
Ne children sholde I none upon hire geten;
Yet were me levere houndes had me eten
Than that myn heritage sholde falle
In straunge hand, and this I telle yow alle. 
I dote nat; I woot the cause why
Men sholde wedde, and forthermoore woot I
Ther speketh many a man of mariage 
That woot namoore of it than woot my page
For whiche causes man sholde take a wyf.
If he ne may nat lyven chaast his lyf,  
Take hym a wyf with greet devocioun, 
By cause of leveful procreacioun  
Of children, to th'onour of God above,  
And nat oonly for paramour or love;  



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[^CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  THE TALE OF MELIBEE.
THE RIVERSIDE CHAUCER. 
THIRD EDITION.
GENERAL EDITOR L. D. BENSON.
BASED ON THE WORKS OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER,
EDITED BY F. N. ROBINSON.
BOSTON: HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY, 1987.
PP. 219.C1.17 - 222.C1.2     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 231.C2.47 - 235.C1.12    (SAMPLE 2)

CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.
TEXT:  THE PARSON'S TALE.
Idem.
PP. 290.C1.18 - 292.C1.20    (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 296.C1.27 - 298.C2.16    (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 300.C1.37 - 301.C2.37    (SAMPLE 5)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 219.C1> 
   And eek men seyn
that thilke juge is wys that soone understondeth 
a matiere and juggeth by leyser; for 
al be it so that alle tariyng be anoyful, algates it
is nat to repreve in yevynge of juggement ne
in vengeance takyng, whan it is sufficeant
and resonable. And that shewed oure Lord
Jhesu Crist by ensample, for whan that the
womman that was taken in avowtrie was broght
in his presence to knowen what sholde be doon  
with hire persone, al be it so that he wiste wel 
hymself what that he wolde answere, yet ne
wolde he nat answere sodeynly, but he wolde 
have deliberacion, and in the ground he wroot  
twies. And by thise causes we axen deliberacioun, 
and we shal thanne, by the grace of
God, conseille thee thyng that shal be profitable.
   Up stirten thanne the yonge folk atones, and
the mooste partie of that compaignye han  
scorned this olde wise man, and bigonnen 
to make noyse, and seyden that  
right so as, whil that iren is hoot, men  
sholden smyte, right so men sholde wreken hir  
wronges whil that they been fresshe and newe;  
and with loud voys they criden "Werre!
werre!"
   Up roos tho oon of thise olde wise, and with
his hand made contenaunce that men sholde 
holden hem stille and yeven hym audience. 
"Lordynges," quod he, "ther is ful many a man
<P 219.C2>
that crieth 'Werre! werre!' that woot ful litel
what werre amounteth. Werre at his bigynnyng 
hath so greet an entryng and so large that 
every wight may entre whan hym liketh and
lightly fynde werre; but certes what ende
that shal therof bifalle, it is nat light to
knowe. For soothly, whan that werre is  
ones bigonne, ther is ful many a child 
unborn of his mooder that shal sterve yong by  
cause of thilke werre, or elles lyve in sorwe and
dye in wrecchednesse. And therfore, er that  
any werre bigynne, men moste have greet conseil 
and greet deliberacion." And whan this
olde man wende to enforcen his tale by resons, 
wel ny alle atones bigonne they to rise for to 
breken his tale, and beden hym ful ofte his 
wordes for to abregge. For soothly, he that  
precheth to hem that listen nat heeren his
wordes, his sermon hem anoieth. For Jhesus
Syrak seith that "musik in wepynge is a noyous  
thyng"; this is to seyn: as muche availleth to  
speken bifore folk to which his speche anoyeth 
as it is to synge biforn hym that 
wepeth. And whan this wise man
saugh that hym wanted audience, al
shamefast he sette hym doun agayn. For  
Salomon seith: "Ther as thou ne mayst have
noon audience, enforce thee nat to speke." 
"I see wel," quod this wise man, "that the commune 
proverbe is sooth, that 'good conseil
wanteth whan it is moost nede.' "
   Yet hadde this Melibeus in his conseil many 
folk that prively in his eere conseilled hym
certeyn thyng, and conseilled hym the contrarie 
in general audience.
   Whan Melibeus hadde herd that the gretteste 
partie of his conseil weren accorded that
he sholde maken werre, anoon he consented to
hir conseillyng and fully affermed hire  
sentence. Thanne dame Prudence, 
whan that she saugh how that hir
housbonde shoop hym for to wreken hym on  
his foes and to bigynne werre, she in ful humble 
wise, whan she saugh hir tyme, seide to 
hym thise wordes: "My lord," quod she, "I
yow biseche as hertely as I dar and kan, ne 
haste yow nat to faste and, for alle gerdons, as 
yeveth me audience. For Piers Alfonce seith, 
<P 220.C1>
'Whoso that dooth to thee oother good or harm, 
haste thee nat to quiten it, for in this wise thy
freend wole abyde and thyn enemy shal the
lenger lyve in drede.' The proverbe seith, 'He 
hasteth wel that wisely kan abyde,' and 'in
wikked haste is no profit." 
   This Melibee answerde unto his wyf Prudence: 
"I purpose nat," quod he, "to werke by 
thy conseil, for many causes and resouns.
For certes, every wight wolde holde me 
thanne a fool; this is to seyn, if I, for
thy conseillyng, wolde chaungen thynges
that been ordeyned and affermed by so manye 
wyse. Secoundely, I seye that alle wommen 
been wikke, and noon good of hem alle. For 'of
a thousand men,' seith Salomon, 'I foond o
good man, but certes, of alle wommen, good
womman foond I nevere.' And also, certes, 
if I governed me by thy conseil, it sholde
seme that I hadde yeve to thee over me 
the maistrie, and God forbede that it so  
weere! For Jhesus Syrak seith that 'if the
wyf have maistrie, she is contrarious to hir
housbonde.' And Salomon seith: 'Nevere in
thy lyf to thy wyf, ne to thy child, ne to
thy freend, ne yeve no power over thyself, 
for bettre it were that thy children aske
of thy persone thynges that hem nedeth than
thou see thyself in the handes of thy
children.' And also if I wolde werke 
by thy conseillyng, certes, my conseil 
moste som tyme be secree, til it were tyme
that it moste be knowe, and this ne may noght  
be. (\Car il est escript, la genglerie des 
femmes ne puet riens celler fors ce qu'elle ne 
scet. Apres, le philosophre dit, en mauvais  
conseil les femmes vainquent les hommes; et 
par ces raisons je ne dois point user de ton conseil.\) "
   Whanne dame Prudence, ful debonairly and  
with greet pacience, hadde herd al that hir 
housbonde liked for to seye, thanne axed she
of hym licence for to speke, and seyde in this 
wise: "My lord," quod she, "as to youre firste  
resoun, certes it may lightly been answered.  
For I seye that it is no folie to chaunge conseil
whan the thyng is chaunged, or elles whan 
the thyng semeth ootherweyes than it 
<P 220.C2>
was biforn. And mooreover, I seye  
that though ye han sworn and bihight 
to perfourne youre emprise, and nathelees ye
weyve to perfourne thilke same emprise by 
juste cause, men sholde nat seyn therfore that 
ye were a liere ne forsworn. For the book 
seith that 'the wise man maketh no lesyng 
whan he turneth his corage to the bettre.' 
And al be it so that youre emprise be establissed 
and ordeyned by greet multitude of folk,
yet thar ye nat accomplice thilke ordinaunce  
but yow like. For the trouthe of thynges and 
the profit been rather founden in fewe folk that 
been wise and ful of resoun than by greet multitude 
of folk ther every man crieth and clatereth 
what that hym liketh. Soothly swich multitude 
is nat honest. And as to the seconde
resoun, where as ye seyn that alle wommen 
been wikke; save youre grace, certes ye despisen 
alle wommen in this wyse, and 'he that  
al despiseth, al displeseth,' as seith the
book. And Senec seith that 'whoso  
wole have sapience shal no man dispreyse, 
but he shal gladly techen the science  
that he kan withouten presumpcion or pride;
and swiche thynges as he noght ne kan, he 
shal nat been ashamed to lerne hem, and enquere 
of lasse folk than hymself.' And, sire,
that ther hath been many a good womman,
may lightly be preved. For certes, sire, oure
Lord Jhesu Crist wolde nevere have descended
to be born of a womman, if alle wommen hadden 
been wikke. And after that, for the grete
bountee that is in wommen, oure Lord Jhesu
Crist, whan he was risen fro deeth to lyve, 
appeered rather to a womman than to  
his Apostles. And though that Salomon 
seith that he ne foond nevere womman 
good, it folweth nat therfore that alle wommen 
ben wikke. For though that he ne foond
no good womman, certes, many another man  
hath founden many a womman ful good and
trewe. Or elles, per aventure, the entente of
Salomon was this: that, as in sovereyn bounte, 
he foond no womman - this is to seyn, that ther
is no wight that hath sovereyn bountee save 
God allone, as he hymself recordeth in hys
Evaungelie. For ther nys no creature so good 
<P 221.C1>
that hym ne wanteth somwhat of the
perfeccioun of God, that is his makere. 
Youre thridde reson is this: ye seyn that
if ye governe yow by my conseil, it sholde
seme that ye hadde yeve me the maistrie and 
the lordshipe over youre persone. Sire, save 
youre grace, it is nat so. For if it so were that  
no man sholde be conseilled but oonly of hem
that hadden lordshipe and maistrie of his persone, 
men wolden nat be conseilled so ofte.  
For soothly thilke man that asketh conseil of  
a purpos, yet hath he free choys wheither he
wole werke by that conseil or noon. And as
to youre fourthe resoun, ther ye seyn that the 
janglerie of wommen kan hyde thynges that 
they wot noght, as who seith that a womman
kan nat hyde that she woot; sire, thise wordes
been understonde of wommen that been 
jangleresses and wikked; of whiche  
wommen men seyn that thre thynges 
dryven a man out of his hous - that is to seyn, 
smoke, droppyng of reyn, and wikked wyves; 
and of swiche wommen seith Salomon that 'it 
were bettre dwelle in desert than with a womman 
that is riotous.' And sire, by youre leve, 
that am nat I; for ye han ful ofte assayed my 
grete silence and my grete pacience, and eek
how wel that I kan hyde and hele thynges that  
men oghte secreely to hyde. And soothly, as  
to youre fifthe resoun, where as ye seyn that  
in wikked conseil wommen venquisshe men,  
God woot, thilke resoun stant heere in 
no stede. For understoond now, ye  
asken conseil to do wikkednesse; and if  
ye wole werken wikkednesse, and youre wif 
restreyneth thilke wikked purpos, and overcometh 
yow by reson and by good conseil, 
certes youre wyf oghte rather to be preised 
than yblamed. Thus sholde ye understonde
the philosophre that seith, 'In wikked conseil 
wommen venquisshen hir housbondes.' And 
ther as ye blamen alle wommen and hir resouns, 
I shal shewe yow by manye ensamples
that many a womman hath ben ful good, and 
yet been, and hir conseils ful hoolsome
and profitable. Eek som men han seyd 
that the conseillynge of wommen is
outher to deere or elles to litel of pris. But al
<P 221.C2>
be it so that ful many a womman is badde and  
hir conseil vile and noght worth, yet han men  
founde ful many a good womman, and ful discret 
and wis in conseillynge. Loo, Jacob by 
good conseil of his mooder Rebekka, wan the 
benysoun of Ysaak his fader and the lordshipe 
over alle his bretheren. Judith by hire good
conseil delivered the citee of Bethulie, in
which she dwelled, out of the handes of Olofernus, 
that hadde it biseged and wolde have al
destroyed it. Abygail delivered Nabal hir 
housbonde fro David the kyng, that wolde  
have slayn hym, and apaysed the ire of the
kyng by hir wit and by hir good conseillyng. 
Hester, by hir good conseil  
enhaunced greetly the peple of God in
the regne of Assuerus the kyng. And the 
same bountee in good conseillyng of many a
good womman may men telle. And mooreover, 
whan oure Lord hadde creat Adam, oure 
forme fader, he seyde in this wise: 'It is nat 
good to been a man alloone; make we to 
hym an helpe semblable to hymself.' Heere 
may ye se that if that wommen were nat 
goode, and hir conseils goode and profitable, 
oure Lord God of hevene wolde 
nevere han wroght hem, ne called hem 
help of man, but rather confusioun of man.
And ther seyde oones a clerk in two vers, 
'What is bettre than gold? Jaspre. What is
bettre than Jaspre? Wisedoom. And what is
better than wisedoom? Womman. And what is
bettre than a good womman? Nothyng.' And,
sire, by manye of othre resons may ye seen
that manye wommen been goode, and hir
conseils goode and profitable. And therfore, 
sire, if ye wol triste to my conseil, I shal  
restoore yow youre doghter hool and  
sound. And eek I wol do to yow so  
muche that ye shul have honour in this 
cause." 
   Whan Melibee hadde herd the wordes of his 
wyf Prudence, he seyde thus: "I se wel that
the word of Salomon is sooth. He seith that
'Wordes that been spoken discreetly by ordinaunce 
been honycombes, for they yeven swetnesse 
to the soule and hoolsomnesse to the
body.' And, wyf, by cause of thy sweete 
wordes, and eek for I have assayed and preved  
<P 222.C1>
thy grete sapience and thy grete trouthe, I wol
governe me by thy conseil in alle thyng." 

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M3 XX PHILO CTMEL>
<N CT MELIBEE>
<A CHAUCER GEOFFREY>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K X>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T PHILOSOPHY>
<G TRANSL>
<F FRENCH>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

<P 231.C2> 
   "Certes," quod Melibee, "I graunte yow,   
dame Prudence, that pacience is a greet vertu
of perfeccioun; but every man may nat have
the perfeccioun that ye seken; ne I nam 
<P 232.C1>
nat of the nombre of right parfite men, 
for myn herte may nevere been in pees   
unto the tyme it be venged. And al be it so  
that it was greet peril to myne enemys to do  
me a vileynye in takynge vengeance upon me,  
yet tooken they noon heede of the peril, but  
fulfilleden hir wikked wyl and hir corage.
And therfore me thynketh men oghten nat  
repreve me, though I putte me in a litel peril 
for to venge me, and though I do a greet 
excesse; that is to seyn, that I venge  
oon outrage by another."  
   "A," quod dame Prudence, "ye seyn      
youre wyl and as yow liketh, but in no caas  
of the world a man sholde nat doon outrage
ne excesse for to vengen hym. For Cassidore  
seith that 'as yvele dooth he that vengeth hym 
by outrage as he that dooth the outrage.' And 
therfore ye shul venge yow after the ordre of  
right; that is to seyn, by the lawe and noght 
by excesse ne by outrage. And also, if ye
wol venge yow of the outrage of youre adversaries 
in oother manere than right comandeth, 
ye synnen. And therfore seith Senec 
that 'a man shal nevere vengen shrewednesse 
by shrewednesse.' And if ye seye that  
right axeth a man to defenden violence by violence 
and fightyng by fightyng, certes ye seye
sooth, whan the defense is doon anon withouten 
intervalle or withouten tariyng or delay, 
for to deffenden hym and nat for to 
vengen hym. And it bihoveth that a man 
putte swich attemperance in his deffense 
that men have no cause ne matiere 
to repreven hym that deffendeth   
hym of excesse and outrage, for ellis were it  
agayn resoun. Pardee, ye knowen wel that
ye maken no deffense as now for to deffende
yow, but for to venge yow; and so seweth 
it that ye han no wyl to do youre dede attemprely. 
And therfore me thynketh that pacience 
is good. For Salomon seith that 'he that 
is nat pacient shal have greet harm.'" 
   "Certes," quod Melibee, "I graunte yow that 
whan a man is inpacient and wrooth of that
that toucheth hym noght and that aperteneth
nat unto hym, though it harme hym, it   
is no wonder. For the lawe seith that  
'he is coupable that entremetteth hym or 
medleth with swych thyng as aperteneth nat
<P 232.C2>
unto hym.' And Salomon seith that 'he that  
entremetteth hym of the noyse or strif of another 
man is lyk to hym that taketh an hound  
by the eris.' For right as he that taketh a  
straunge hound by the eris is outherwhile biten 
with the hound, right in the same wise is it  
resoun that he have harm that by his inpacience 
medleth hym of the noyse of another
man, wheras it aperteneth nat unto hym. But  
ye knowen wel that this dede that is to seyn, 
my grief and my disese - toucheth me    
right ny. And therfore, though I be   
wrooth and inpacient, it is no merveille.
And, savynge youre grace, I kan nat seen that it
myghte greetly harme me though I tooke vengeaunce. 
For I am richer and moore myghty
than myne enemys been; and wel knowen ye 
that by moneye and by havynge grete possessions 
been alle the thynges of this world governed. 
And Salomon seith that 'alle   
thynges obeyen to moneye.'" 
   Whan Prudence hadde herd hir housbonde 
avanten hym of his richesse and of his  
moneye, dispreisynge the power of his adversaries, 
she spak, and seyde in this wise:
"Certes, deere sire, I graunte yow that ye been 
riche and myghty and that the richesses been 
goode to hem that han wel ygeten hem and wel  
konne usen hem. For right as the body of a  
man may nat lyven withoute the soule, namoore  
may it lyve withouten temporeel goodes. And  
by richesses may a man gete hym grete   
freendes. And therfore seith Pamphilles: 
'If a net-herdes doghter,' seith
he, 'be riche, she may chesen of a thousand
men which she wol take to hir housbonde, 
for, of a thousand men, oon wol nat forsaken  
hire ne refusen hire.' And this Pamphilles  
seith also, 'If thow be right happy - that is to 
seyn, if thou be right riche - thou shalt fynde  
a greet nombre of felawes and freendes. And  
if thy fortune change that thou wexe povre,
farewel freendshipe and felaweshipe, for thou 
shalt be alloone withouten any compaignye,
but if it be the compaignye of povre   
folk.' And yet seith this Pamphilles  
moreover that 'they that been thralle and 
bonde of lynage shullen been maad worthy and  
noble by the richesses.' And right so as by  
richesses ther comen manye goodes, right so
<P 233.C1>
by poverte come ther manye harmes and   
yveles, for greet poverte constreyneth a man 
to do manye yveles. And therfore clepeth 
Cassidore poverte the mooder of ruyne; that  
is to seyn, the mooder of overthrowynge  
or fallynge doun. And therfore seith   
Piers Alfonce, 'Oon of the gretteste adversitees 
of this world is whan a free man by 
kynde or of burthe is constreyned by poverte  
to eten the almesse of his enemy,' and the
same seith Innocent in oon of his bookes. He  
seith that 'sorweful and myshappy is the condicioun 
of a povre beggere; for if he axe nat 
his mete, he dyeth for hunger; and if he axe, 
he dyeth for shame; and algates necessitee 
constreyneth hym to axe.' And    
seith Salomon that 'bet it is to dye than 
for to have swich poverte.' And as the same  
Salomon seith, 'Bettre it is to dye of bitter deeth      
than for to lyven in swich wise.' By thise
resons that I have seid unto yow, and by manye 
othere resons that I koude seye, I graunte yow 
that richesses been goode to hem that geten
hem wel, and to hem that wel usen tho richesses. 
and therfore wol I shewe yow hou ye
shul have yow, and how ye shul bere yow in 
gaderynge of richesses, and in what    
manere ye shul usen hem.  
   "First, ye shul geten hem withouten    
greet desir, by good leyser, sokyngly and nat  
over-hastily. For a man that is to desirynge  
to gete richesses abaundoneth hym first to
thefte, and to alle othere yveles; and therfore 
seith Salomon, 'He that hasteth hym to
bisily to wexe riche shal be noon innocent.'  
He seith also that 'the richesses that hastily cometh 
to a man soone and lightly gooth and 
passeth fro a man, but that richesse that
cometh litel and litel wexeth alwey and 
multiplieth.' And, sire, ye shul geten
richesses by youre wit and by youre    
travaille unto youre profit, and that withouten
wrong or harm doynge to any oother persone.  
for the lawe seith that 'ther maketh no man
himselven riche, if he do harm to another 
wight.' This is to seyn, that nature deffendeth 
and forbedeth by right that no man make
hymself riche unto the harm of another persone. 
<P 233.C2>
And Tullius seith that 'no sorwe, ne no 
drede of deeth, ne no thyng that may   
falle unto a man, is so muchel agayns  
nature as a man to encressen his owene  
profit to the harm of another man. And  
though the grete men and the myghty men  
geten richesses moore lightly than thou, yet 
shaltou nat been ydel ne slow to do thy profit, 
for thou shalt in alle wise flee ydelnesse.' For      
Salomon seith that 'ydelnesse techeth a man to 
do manye yveles.' And the same Salomon 
seith that 'he that travailleth and bisieth
hym to tilien his land shal eten breed,
but he that is ydel and casteth hym to  
no bisynesse ne occupacioun shal falle into  
poverte and dye for hunger.' And he that is 
ydel and slow kan nevere fynde covenable 
tyme for to doon his profit. For ther is a  
versifiour seith that 'the ydel man excuseth hym
in wynter by cause of the grete coold, and in  
somer by enchesoun of the greete heete.' For 
thise causes seith Caton, 'Waketh and enclyneth 
nat yow over-muchel for to slepe, for overmuchel 
reste norisseth and causeth manye 
vices.' And therfore seith Seint Jerome,
'Dooth somme goode dedes that the devel, 
which is oure enemy, ne fynde yow nat   
unocupied.' For the devel ne taketh   
nat lightly unto his werkynge swiche as  
he fyndeth occupied in goode werkes.   
   "Thanne thus in getynge richesses ye mosten  
flee ydelnesse. And afterward, ye shul use  
the richesses which ye have geten by youre wit 
and by youre travaille in swich a manere that 
men holde yow nat to scars, ne to sparynge, ne 
to fool-large - that is to seyen, over-large a  
spendere. For right as men blamen an avaricious 
man by cause of his scarsetee and  
chyncherie, in the same wise is he to  
blame that spendeth over-largely. And  
therfore seith Caton: 'Use,' he seith, 'thy richesses 
that thou hast geten in swich a manere  
that men have no matiere ne cause to calle
thee neither wrecche ne chynche, for it is a  
greet shame to a man to have a povere herte
and a riche purs.' He seith also, 'The goodes
that thou hast ygeten, use hem by mesure;'
that is to seyn, spende hem mesurably, 
<P 234.C1>
for they that folily wasten and  
despenden the goodes that they han,   
whan they han namoore propre of hir owene,
they shapen hem to take the goodes of another  
man. I seye thanne that ye shul fleen avarice, 
usynge youre richesses in swich manere  
that men seye nat that youre richesses been
yburyed, but that ye have hem in     
youre myght and in youre weeldynge.   
For a wys man repreveth the avaricious  
man, and seith thus in two vers: 'Wherto and 
why burieth a man his goodes by his grete 
avarice, and knoweth wel that nedes moste 
he dye? For deeth is the ende of every man  
as in this present lyf.' And for what cause or
enchesoun joyneth he hym or knytteth he hym
so faste unto his goodes that alle hise wittes 
mowen nat disseveren hym or departen   
hym from his goodes, and knoweth     
wel, or oghte knowe, that whan he is   
deed he shal no thyng bere with hym out of
this world? And therfore seith Seint Austyn  
that 'the avaricious man is likned unto helle, 
that the moore it swelweth the moore desir it 
hath to swelwe and devoure.' And as wel as  
ye wolde eschewe to be called an avaricious
man or chynche, as wel sholde ye kepe yow
and governe yow in swich a wise that   
men calle yow nat fool-large. Therfore 
seith Tullius: 'The goodes,' he seith,  
'of thyn hous ne sholde nat been hyd ne kept  
so cloos, but that they myghte been opened
by pitee and debonairetee' (that is to seyn, to
yeven part to hem that han greet nede), 'ne
thy goodes shullen nat been so opene to been  
every mannes goodes.' Afterward, in getynge  
of youre richesses and in usynge hem, ye shul  
alwey have thre thynges in youre herte (that  
is to seyn, oure Lord God, conscience,  
and good name). First, ye shul have   
God in youre herte, and for no richesse 
ye shullen do no thyng which may in any  
manere displese God, that is youre creatour
and makere. For after the word of Salomon,  
'It is bettre to have a litel good with the love
of God than to have muchel good and tresour
and lese the love of his Lord God.' And  
the prophete seith that 'bettre it is to been  
a good man and have litel good and    
tresour than to been holden a shrewe  
and have grete richesses.' And yet seye 
<P 234.C2>
I ferthermoore, that ye sholde alwey doon youre 
bisynesse to gete yow richesses, so that ye  
gete hem with good conscience. And th'Apostle 
seith that 'ther nys thyng in this world  
of which we sholden have so greet joye as 
whan oure conscience bereth us good witnesse.' 
and the wise man seith, 'The substance 
of a man is ful good, whan synne  
is nat in mannes conscience.' Afterward, 
in getynge of youre richesses and  
in usynge of hem, yow moste have greet bisynesse 
and greet diligence that youre goode
name be alwey kept and conserved. For Salomon 
seith that 'bettre it is and moore it availleth 
a man to have a good name than for 
to have grete richesses.' And therfore he
seith in another place, 'Do greet diligence,'  
seith Salomon, 'in kepyng of thy freend and
of thy goode name; for it shal lenger abide  
with thee than any tresour, be it never  
so precious.' And certes he sholde nat 
be called a gentil man that after God   
and good conscience, alle thynges left, ne
dooth his diligence and bisynesse to kepen his 
goode name. And Cassidore seith that 'it is  
signe of a gentil herte whan a man loveth and 
desireth to han a good name.' And therfore
seith Seint Austyn that 'ther been two thynges 
that arn necessarie and nedefulle, and that  
is good conscience and good loos; that is to  
seyn, good conscience to thyn owene persone
inward and good loos for thy neighebor  
outward.' And he that trusteth hym so  
muchel in his goode conscience that he  
displeseth, and setteth at noght his goode
name or loos, and rekketh noght though he 
kepe nat his goode name, nys but a crueel 
cherl. 
   "Sire, now have I shewed yow how ye shul  
do in getynge richesses, and how ye shullen
usen hem, and I se wel that for the trust
that ye han in youre richesses ye wole moeve  
werre and bataille. I conseille yow that ye  
bigynne no werre in trust of youre richesses,  
for they ne suffisen noght werres to   
mayntene. And therfore seith a philosophre, 
'That man that desireth and   
wole algates han werre, shal nevere have suffisaunce, 
for the richer that he is, the gretter
despenses moste he make, if he wole have worshipe 
<P 235.C1>
and victorie.' And Salomon seith that  
'the gretter richesses that a man hath, the mo 
despendours he hath.' And, deere sire, al be 
it so that for youre richesses ye mowe have
muchel folk, yet bihoveth it nat, ne it is nat 
good, to bigynne werre whereas ye mowe in
oother manere have pees unto youre    
worshipe and profit. For the victorie  
of batailles that been in this world lyth 
nat in greet nombre or multitude of the peple, 
ne in the vertu of man, but it lith in the wyl 
and in the hand of oure Lord God Almyghty. 

<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q M3 IR RELT CTPARS>
<N CT PARSON>
<A CHAUCER GEOFFREY>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K X>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 290.C1>
   The causes that oghte moeve a man to Contricioun 
been sixe. First a man shal remembre  
hym of his synnes; but looke he that thilke
remembraunce ne be to hym no delit by no  
wey, but greet shame and sorwe for his gilt.
For Job seith, "Synful men doon werkes worthy
of confusioun." And therfore seith Ezechie, 
"I wol remembre me alle the yeres of my 
lyf in bitternesse of myn herte." And
God seith in the Apocalipse, "Remembreth
yow fro whennes that ye been falle"; for biforn 
that tyme that ye synned, ye were the children 
of God and lymes of the regne of God; but for
youre synne ye been woxen thral, and foul, and 
membres of the feend, hate of aungels, sclaundre 
of hooly chirche, and foode of the false
serpent, perpetueel matere of the fir of helle; 
and yet moore foul and abhomynable, for ye
trespassen so ofte tyme as dooth the hound that
retourneth to eten his spewyng. And yet be 
ye fouler for youre longe continuyng in synne  
and youre synful usage, for which ye be roten  
in youre synne, as a beest in his dong. Swiche 
manere of thoghtes maken a man to have shame
of his synne, and no delit, as God seith by 
the prophete Ezechiel, "Ye shal remembre 
yow of youre weyes, and they shuln 
displese yow." Soothly synnes been the weyes 
that leden folk to helle. 
   The seconde cause that oghte make a man
to have desdeyn of synne is this: that, as seith 
Seint Peter, "whoso that dooth synne is thral
<P 290.C2>
of synne"; and synne put a man in greet thraldom. 
And therfore seith the prophete Ezechiel: 
"I wente sorweful in desdayn of myself." 
Certes, wel oghte a man have desdayn of synne 
and withdrawe hym from that thraldom and  
vileynye. And lo, what seith Seneca in this
matere? He seith thus: "Though I wiste that
neither God ne man ne sholde nevere knowe 
it, yet wolde I have desdayn for to do synne." 
And the same Seneca also seith: "I am born to
gretter thynges that to be thral to my body,
or than for to maken of my body a thral." 
Ne a fouler thral may no man ne womman 
maken of his body than for to yeven his body
to synne. Al were it the fouleste cherl or the
fouleste womman that lyveth, and leest of 
value, yet is he thanne moore foul and moore
in servitute. Evere fro the hyer degree that  
man falleth, the moore is he thral, and moore  
to God and to the world vile and abhomynable. 
O goode God, wel oghte man have desdayn 
of synne, sith that thurgh synne ther he 
was free now is he maked bonde. And therfore 
seyth Seint Augustyn: "If thou hast desdayn 
of thy servant, if he agilte or synne, have 
thou thanne desdayn that thou thyself
sholdest do synne." Tak reward of thy
value, that thou ne be foul to thyself. 
Allas, wel oghten they thanne have desdayn to  
been servauntz and thralles to synne, and soore
been ashamed of hemself that God of his 
endelees goodnesse hath set hem in heigh estaat, 
or yeven hem wit, strengthe of body,
heele, beautee, prosperitee, and boghte hem
fro the deeth with his herte-blood, that they  
so unkyndely, agayns his gentilesse, quiten hym
so vileynsly to slaughtre of hir owene soules.
O goode God, ye wommen that been of so greet
beautee, remembreth yow of the proverbe
of Salomon. He seith, "Likneth a fair
womman that is a fool of hire body lyk to 
a ryng of gold that were in the groyn of a
soughe." For right as a soughe wroteth in
everich ordure, so wroteth she hire beautee in 
the stynkynge ordure of synne. 
   The thridde cause that oghte moeve a man  
to Contricioun is drede of the day of doom and 
of the horrible peynes of helle. For as Seint
<P 291.C1>
Jerome seith, "At every tyme that me remembreth 
of the day of doom I quake; for whan 
I ete or drynke, or what so that I do, evere
semeth me that the trompe sowneth in 
myn ere: 'Riseth up, ye that been dede,  
and cometh to the juggement.'" O goode 
God, muchel oghte a man to drede swich a
juggement, "ther as we shullen been alle," as 
Seint Poul seith, "biforn the seete of oure Lord
Jhesu Crist"; whereas he shal make a general
congregacioun, whereas no man may been absent. 
For certes there availleth noon essoyne 
ne excusacioun. And nat oonly that oure defautes 
shullen be jugged, but eek that alle 
oure werkes shullen openly be knowe.
And, as seith Seint Bernard, "Ther ne shal  
no pledynge availle, ne no sleighte; we shullen
yeven rekenynge of everich ydel word." Ther 
shul we han a juge that may nat been deceyved 
ne corrupt. And why? For, certes, alle  
oure thoghtes been discovered as to hym, ne 
for preyere ne for meede he shal nat been corrupt. 
And therfore seith Salomon, "The 
wratthe of God ne wol nat spare no wight, for  
preyere ne for yifte"; and therfore, at the day 
of doom ther nys noon hope to escape. Wherfore, 
as seith Seint Anselm, "Ful greet angwyssh 
shul the synful folk have at that tyme;
ther shal the stierne and wrothe juge sitte 
above, and under hym the horrible pit of helle 
open to destroyen hym that moot biknowen his
synnes, whiche synnes openly been shewed  
biforn God and biforn every creature; 
and in the left syde mo develes than herte
may bithynke, for to harye and drawe the synful 
soules to the peyne of helle; and withinne
the hertes of folk shal be bitynge conscience, 
and withouteforth shal be the world  
al brennynge. Whider shall thanne the 
wrecched synful man flee to hiden hym? 
Certes, he may nat hyden hym; he moste come 
forth and shewen hym." For certes, as seith 
seint Jerome, "the erthe shal casten hym out 
of hym, and the see also, and the eyr also, that 
shal be ful of thonder-clappes and lightnynges." 
Now soothly, whoso wel remembreth
hym of thise thynges, I gesse that his synne
shal nat turne hym into delit, but to greet 
sorwe for drede of the peyne of helle. 
And therfore seith Job to God, "Suffre, 
<P 291.C2>
Lord, that I may a while biwaille and wepe, 
er I go withoute returnyng to the derke lond,  
covered with the derknesse of deeth, to the
lond of mysese and of derknesse, whereas is the
shadwe of deeth, whereas ther is noon ordre or 
ordinaunce but grisly drede that evere shal
laste." Loo, heere may ye seen that Job
preyde respit a while to biwepe and waille his 
trespas, for soothly oo day of respit is bettre
than al the tresor of this world. And forasmuche 
as a man may acquiten hymself biforn
God by penitence in this world, and nat by
tresor, therfore sholde he preye to God to yeve
hym respit a while to biwepe and biwaillen 
his trespas. For certes, al the sorwe that a  
man myghte make fro the bigynnyng of the  
world nys but a litel thyng at regard of the
sorwe of helle. The cause why that Job
clepeth helle the "lond of derknesse": understondeth 
that he clepeth it "lond" or erthe,  
for it is stable and nevere shal faille; "derk,"
for he that is in helle hath defaute of light material. 
For certes, the derke light that shal
come out of the fyr that evere shal brenne shal 
turne hym al to peyne that is in helle for it 
sheweth him to the horrible develes that hym
tormenten. "Covered with the derknesse of
deeth" - that is to seyn, that he that is in helle 
shal have defaute of the sighte of God, for 
certes the sighte of God is the lyf perdurable.
"The derknesse of deeth" been the synnes that 
the wrecched man hath doon, whiche that destourben 
hym to see the face of God, right as
dooth a derk clowde bitwixe us and the 
sonne. "Lond of misese," by cause that 
ther been three maneres of defautes, agayn
three thynges that folk of this world han in this
present lyf; that is to seyn, honours, delices, and 
richesses. Agayns honour, have they in helle 
shame and confusioun. For wel ye woot that
men clepen honour the reverence that man  
doth to man, but in helle is noon honour ne 
reverence. For certes, namoore reverence shal 
be doon there to a kyng than to a knave. For 
which God seith by the prophete Jeremye,  
"Thilke folk that me despisen shul been in 
despit." Honour is eek cleped greet lordshipe;
ther shal no wight serven other, but of harm
and torment. Honour is eek cleped greet dignytee 
and heighnesse, but in helle shul
they been al fortroden of develes. And  
<P 292.C1>
God seith, "The horrible develes shulle 
goon and comen upon the hevedes of the 
dampned folk." And this is for as muche as the 
hyer that they were in this present lyf, the
moore shulle they been abated and defouled
in helle. Agayns the richesse of this world  
shul they han mysese of poverte, and this poverte 
shal been in foure thynges: In defaute of
tresor, of which that David seith, "The riche
folk, that embraceden and oneden al hire herte 
to tresor of this world, shul slepe in the slepynge 
of deeth; and nothyng ne shal they fynden 
in hir handes of al hir tresor." And mooreover 
the myseyse of helle shal been in defaute 
of mete and drinke. For God seith thus by
Moyses: "They shul been wasted with hunger, 
and the briddes of helle shul devouren hem
with bitter deeth, and the galle of the dragon 
shal been hire drynke, and the venym of
the dragon hire morsels." 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 296.C1>
   The seconde partie of Penitence is Confessioun, 
that is signe of contricioun. Now shul
ye understonde what is Confessioun, and
wheither it oghte nedes be doon or noon, and
whiche thynges been covenable to verray Confessioun. 
   First shaltow understonde that Confessioun
is verray shewynge of synnes to the preest.
This is to seyn "verray," for he moste confessen 
hym of alle the condiciouns that bilongen to his 
synne, as ferforth as he kan. Al moot be seyd, 
and no thyng excused ne hyd ne forwrapped,
and noght avaunte thee of thy goode 
werkes. And forther over, it is necessarie 
to understonde whennes that synnes 
spryngen, and how they encreessen and whiche
they been. 
   Of the spryngynge of synnes seith Seint Paul
in this wise: that "Right as by a man synne entred 
first into this world, and thurgh that synne
deeth, right so thilke deeth entred into alle 
<P 296.C2>
men that synneden." And this man was Adam, 
by whom synne entred into this world, whan
he brak the comaundementz of God. And
therfore, he that first was so myghty that he 
sholde nat have dyed, bicam swich oon that he 
moste nedes dye, wheither he wolde or noon, 
and al his progenye in this world, that in thilke
man synneden. Looke that in th'estaat of innocence, 
whan Adam and Eve naked weren 
in Paradys, and nothyng ne hadden shame
of hir nakednesse, how that the serpent, 
that was moost wily of alle othere beestes
that God hadde maked, seyde to the womman,
"Why comaunded God to yow ye sholde nat 
eten of every tree in Paradys?" The womman 
answerde: "Of the fruyt," quod she, "of the trees 
in Paradys we feden us, but soothly, of the 
fruyt of the tree that is in the myddel of Paradys, 
God forbad us for to ete, ne nat touchen 
it, lest per aventure we sholde dyen." The 
serpent seyde to the womman, "Nay, nay, ye 
shul nat dyen of deeth; for sothe, God woot 
that what day that ye eten therof, youre eyen 
shul opene and ye shul been as goddes, knowynge 
good and harm." The womman thanne
<P 297.C1>
saugh that the tree was good to feedyng, and
fair to the eyen, and delitable to the sighte. 
She took of the fruyt of the tree, and eet it, 
and yaf to hire housbonde, and he eet, and
anoon the eyen of hem bothe openeden. And 
whan that they knewe that they were naked,
they sowed of fige leves a maner of 
breches to hiden hire membres. There 
may ye seen that deedly synne hath, first,
suggestion of the feend, as sheweth heere by
the naddre; and afterward, the delit of the 
flessh, as sheweth heere by Eve; and after that, 
the consentynge of resoun, as sheweth heere 
by Adam. For trust wel, though so were that 
the feend tempted Eve - that is to seyn, the 
flessh - and the flessh hadde delit in the 
beautee of the fruyt defended, yet certes, til that 
resoun - that is to seyn, Adam - consented to 
the etynge of the fruyt, yet stood he in th' estaat 
of innocence. Of thilke Adam tooke we thilke 
synne original, for of hym flesshly descended be 
we alle, and engendred of vile and corrupt mateere. 
And whan the soule is put in oure body,
right anon is contract original synne; and that
that was erst but oonly peyne of concupiscence 
is afterward bothe peyne and synne. 
And therfore be we alle born sones of wratthe 
and of dampnacioun perdurable, if it nere baptesme 
that we receyven, which bynymeth us 
the culpe. But for sothe, the peyne dwelleth 
with us, as to temptacioun, which peyne
highte concupiscence. And this concupiscence, 
whan it is wrongfully disposed 
or ordeyned in man, it maketh hym coveite,
by coveitise of flessh, flesshly synne, by sighte
of his eyen as to erthely thynges, and eek
coveitise of hynesse by pride of herte. 
   Now, as for to speken of the firste coveitise, 
that is concupiscence, after the lawe of oure 
membres that weren lawefulliche ymaked and 
by rightful juggement of God, I seye, forasmuche 
as man is nat obeisaunt to God, that is 
his lord, therfore is the flessh to hym disobeisaunt 
thurgh concupiscence, which yet is 
cleped norrissynge of synne and occasioun
of synne. Therfore, al the while that a 
man hath in hym the peyne of concupiscence, 
it is impossible but he be tempted 
somtime and moeved in his flessh to synne. 
And this thyng may nat faille as longe 
<P 297.C2>
as he lyveth; it may wel wexe fieble and faille
by vertu of baptesme and by the grace of 
God thurgh penitence, but fully ne shal 
it nevere quenche, that he ne shal som 
tyme be moeved in hymself, but if he were al
refreyded by siknesse, or by malefice of sorcerie, 
or colde drynkes. For lo, what seith Seint
Paul: "The flessh coveiteth agayn the spirit, and 
the spirit agayn the flessh; they been so contrarie 
and so stryven that a man may nat alway 
doon as he wolde." The same Seint Paul,
after his grete penaunce in water and in lond 
- in water by nyght and by day in greet peril 
and in greet peyne; in lond, in famyne and
thurst, in coold and cloothlees, and ones stoned
almoost to the deeth - yet seyde he, "Allas, 
I caytyf man! Who shal delivere me fro the
prisoun of my caytyf body?" And Seint Jerome, 
whan he longe tyme hadde woned in
desert, where as he hadde no compaignye but 
of wilde beestes, where as he ne hadde no mete 
but herbes, and water to his drynke, ne no bed 
but the naked erthe, for which his flessh was 
blak as an Ethiopeen for heete, and ny destroyed 
for coold, yet seyde he that "the 
brennynge of lecherie boyled in al his 
body." Wherfore I woot wel sykerly that they 
been deceyved that seyn that they ne be nat 
tempted in hir body. Witnesse on Seint Jame
the Apostel, that seith that "every wight is 
tempted in his owene concupiscence"; that is 
to seyn, that everich of us hath matere and 
occasioun to be tempted of the norissynge of
synne that is in his body. And therfore seith
Seint John the Evaungelist, "If that we seyn 
that we be withoute synne, we deceyve us 
selve, and trouthe is nat in us." 
   Now shal ye understonde in what manere
that synne wexeth or encreesseth in man. The 
firste thyng is thilke norissynge of synne of 
which I spak biforn, thilke flesshly concupiscence. 
And after that comth the 
subjeccioun of the devel - this is to seyn,
the develes bely, with which he bloweth in man 
the fir of flesshly concupiscence. And after 
that, a man bithynketh hym wheither he wol
doon or no thilke thing to which he is 
tempted. And thanne, if that a man withstonde 
and weyve the firste entisynge of his
flessh and of the feend, thanne is it no synne;
<P 298.C1>
and if it so be that he do nat so, thanne feeleth 
he anoon a flambe of delit. And thanne
is it good to be war and kepen hym wel, or 
elles he wol falle anon into consentynge of 
synne; and thanne wol he do it, if he may have 
tyme and place. And of this matere seith
Moyses by the devel in this manere: "The
feend seith, 'I wole chace and pursue the man 
by wikked suggestioun, and I wole hente hym 
by moevynge or stirynge of synne. And I wol
departe my prise or my praye by deliberacioun, 
and my lust shal been acompliced in delit.
I wol drawe my swerd in consentynge' " - 
for certes, right as a swerd departeth a 
thyng in two peces, right so consentynge departeth 
God fro man - " 'and thanne wol I 
sleen hym with myn hand in dede of synne'; 
thus seith the feend." For certes, thanne is 
a man al deed in soule. And thus is synne
acompliced by temptacioun, by delit, and by 
consentynge; and thanne is the synne cleped 
actueel.
   For sothe, synne is in two maneres; outher
it is venial or deedly synne. Soothly, whan 
man loveth any creature moore than Jhesu 
Crist oure Creatour, thanne is it deedly synne.
And venial synne is it, if man love Jhesu Crist
lasse than hym oghte. For sothe, the dede 
of this venial synne is ful perilous, for it
amenuseth the love that men sholde han to 
God moore and moore. And therfore, if a 
man charge hymself with manye swiche venial 
synnes, certes, but if so be that he somtyme
descharge hym of hem by shrifte, they mowe
ful lightly amenuse in hym al the love that 
he hath to Jhesu Crist; and in this wise 
skippeth venial into deedly synne. For
certes, the moore that a man chargeth his 
soule with venial synnes, the moore is he enclyned 
to fallen into deedly synne. And therfore 
lat us nat be necligent to deschargen us 
of venial synnes. For the proverbe seith that 
"Manye smale maken a greet." And herkne
this ensample. A greet wawe of the see comth 
som tyme with so greet a violence that it 
drencheth the ship. And the same harm doon 
som tyme the smale dropes of water, that entren 
thurgh a litel crevace into the thurrok, 
and in the botme of the ship, if men be so
necligent that they ne descharge hem nat by 
<P 298.C2>
tyme. And therfore, although ther be a difference 
bitwixe thise two causes of drenchynge,
algates the ship is dreynt. Right so fareth it 
somtyme of deedly synne, and of anoyouse 
veniale synnes, whan they multiplie in a man
so greetly that [{the love of{] thilke worldly
thynges that he loveth, thurgh whiche he synneth 
venyally, is as greet in his herte as
the love of God, or moore. And therfore, 
the love of every thyng that is nat 
biset in God, ne doon principally for Goddes
sake, although that a man love it lasse than
God, yet is it venial synne; and deedly synne 
whan the love of any thyng weyeth in the 
herte of man as muchel as the love of God, or 
moore. 

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 300.C1>
   Now been ther two maneres of Pride: that 
oon of hem is withinne the herte of man, and
that oother is withoute. Of whiche, soothly, 
thise forseyde thynges, and mo than I have
seyd, apertenen to Pride that is in the herte 
of man; and that othere speces of Pride
been withoute. But natheles that oon
of thise speces of Pride is signe of that 
oother, right as the gaye leefsel atte taverne 
is signe of the wyn that is in the celer. And 
this is in manye thynges: as in speche and contenaunce, 
<P 300.C2>
and in outrageous array of clothyng. 
For certes, if ther ne hadde be no synne 
in clothyng, Crist wolde nat so soone have
noted and spoken of the clothyng of thilke
riche man in the gospel. And, as seith Seint
Gregorie, that "precious clothyng is cowpable 
for the derthe of it, and for his softenesse, and
for his strangenesse and degisynesse, and for 
the superfluitee, or for the inordinat scantnesse
of it." Allas, may man nat seen, as in oure 
dayes, the synful costlewe array of clothynge, 
and namely in to muche superfluite, or 
elles in to desordinat scantnesse? 
   As to the first synne, that is in superfluitee 
of clothynge, which that maketh it so deere,
to harm of the peple; nat oonly the cost of
embrowdynge, the degise endentynge or barrynge, 
owndynge, palynge, wyndynge or bendynge, 
and semblable wast of clooth in vanitee,
but ther is also costlewe furrynge in hir gownes,
so muche pownsonynge of chisels to maken 
holes, so muche daggynge of sheres; forthwith 
the superfluitee in lengthe of the forseide 
gownes, trailynge in the dong and in the mire, 
on horse and eek on foote, as wel of man as 
of womman, that al thilke trailyng is verraily 
as in effect wasted, consumed, thredbare, and 
roten with donge, rather than it is yeven to the 
povre, to greet damage of the forseyde povre
folk. And that in sondry wise; this is to seyn 
that the moore that clooth is wasted, the moore
moot it coste to the peple for the scarsnesse. 
And forther over, if so be that
they wolde yeven swich pownsoned and 
dagged clothyng to the povre folk, it is 
nat convenient to were for hire estaat, ne suffisant 
to beete hire necessitee, to kepe hem fro 
the distemperance of the firmament. Upon
that oother side, to speken of the horrible disordinat 
scantnesse of clothyng, as been thise 
kutted sloppes, or haynselyns, that thurgh hire
shortnesse ne covere nat the shameful membres 
<P 301.C1>
of man, to wikked entente. Allas, somme 
of hem shewen the boce of hir shap, and the 
horrible swollen membres, that semeth lik the 
maladie of hirnia, in the wrappynge of hir
hoses; and eek the buttokes of hem faren as
it were the hyndre part of a she-ape in the fulle
of the moone. And mooreover, the wrecched
swollen membres that they shewe thurgh disgisynge, 
in departynge of hire hoses in whit and 
reed, semeth that half hir shameful privee
membres weren flayne. And if so be that 
they departen hire hoses in othere colours, 
as is whit and blak, or whit and blew, or blak 
and reed, and so forth, thanne semeth it, as 
by variaunce of colour, that half the partie of
hire privee membres were corrupt by the fir 
of Seint Antony, or by cancre, or by oother 
swich meschaunce. Of the hyndre part of hir
buttokes, it is ful horrible for to see. For certes, 
in that partie of hir body ther as they purgen 
hir stynkynge ordure, that foule partie shewe 
they to the peple prowdly in despit of honestitee, 
which honestitee that Jhesu Crist and 
his freendes observede to shewen in hir lyve. 
Now, as of the outrageous array of wommen,
God woot that though the visages of somme of
hem seme ful chaast and debonaire, yet notifie 
they in hire array of atyr likerousnesse and
pride. I sey nat that honestitee in clothynge 
of man or womman is uncovenable,
but certes the superfluitee or disordinat scantitee 
of clothynge is reprevable. Also the synne 
of aornement or of apparaille is in thynges that 
apertenen to ridynge, as in to manye delicat
horses that been hoolden for delit, that been so
faire, fatte, and costlewe; and also in many a
vicious knave that is sustened by cause of hem;
and in to curious harneys, as in sadeles, in
crouperes, peytrels, and bridles covered with
precious clothyng, and riche barres and plates 
of gold and of silver. For which God seith
by Zakarie the prophete, "I wol confounde the
rideres of swiche horses." This folk taken litel
reward of the ridynge of Goddes sone of hevene, 
<P 301.C2>
and of his harneys whan he rood upon 
the asse, and ne hadde noon oother harneys
but the povre clothes of his disciples; ne we ne 
rede nat that evere he rood on oother
beest. I speke this for the synne of superfluitee, 
and nat for resonable honestitee,
whan reson it requireth. And forther over,
certes, pride is greetly notified in holdynge of 
greet meynee, whan they be of litel profit or 
of right no profit, and namely whan that 
meynee is felonous and damageous to the peple 
by hardynesse of heigh lordshipe or by wey of 
offices. For certes, swiche lordes sellen thanne 
hir lordshipe to the devel of helle, whanne they 
sustenen the wikkednesse of hir meynee. Or
elles, whan this folk of lowe degree, as thilke
that holden hostelries, sustenen the thefte of 
hire hostilers, and that is in many manere
of deceites. Thilke manere of folk been 
the flyes that folwen the hony, or elles the
houndes that folwen the careyne. Swich forseyde 
folk stranglen spiritually hir lordshipes;
for which thus seith David the prophete: "Wikked 
deeth moote come upon thilke lordshipes,
and God yeve that they moote descenden into 
helle al doun, for in hire houses been iniquitees
and shrewednesses and nat God of hevene."
And certes, but if they doon amendement, 
right as God yaf his benysoun to [{Laban{] by 
the service of Jacob, and to [{Pharao{] by the
service of Joseph, right so God wol yeve his
malisoun to swiche lordshipes as sustenen the 
wikkednesse of hir servauntz, but they come to 
amendement. Pride of the table appeereth
eek ful ofte; for certes, riche men been cleped
to festes, and povre folk been put awey and rebuked.  



<B CMGOWER>
<Q M3 NI FICT GOWER>
<N CONF AMANTIS>
<A GOWER JOHN>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V VERSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^GOWER, JOHN.
TEXT:  CONFESSIO AMANTIS.
THE ENGLISH WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, VOLS. I, II.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 81, 82.
ED. G. C. MACAULAY.
LONDON, 1957 (1900), 1957 (1901).
I,  PP. 175.1678 - 181.1889   (SAMPLE 1)
I,  PP. 316.557  - 322.770    (SAMPLE 2)
II, PP. 71.4573  - 77.4775    (SAMPLE 3)
II, PP. 221.2013 - 226.2209   (SAMPLE 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,175>
   Thus afterward upon a dai, 
Whan that Demetrius was come,
Anon his fader hath him nome,
And bad unto his brother Perse  
That he his tale schal reherse  
Of thilke tresoun which he tolde. 
And he, which al untrowthe wolde, 
Conseileth that so hih a nede
Be treted wher as it mai spede, 
In comun place of juggement. 
The king therto yaf his assent, 
Demetrius was put in hold, 
Wherof that Perseus was bold.  
<P I,176>
Thus stod the trowthe under the charge,
And the falshede goth at large, 
Which thurgh beheste hath overcome
The greteste of the lordes some,
That privelich of his acord
Thei stonde as witnesse of record:
The jugge was mad favorable: 
Thus was the lawe deceivable 
So ferforth that the trowthe fond 
Rescousse non, and thus the lond
Forth with the king deceived were.
   The gulteles was dampned there  
And deide upon accusement: 
Bot such a fals conspirement,
Thogh it be prive for a throwe, 
Godd wolde noght it were unknowe; 
And that was afterward wel proved 
In him which hath the deth controved.
Of that his brother was so slain
This Perseus was wonder fain,  
As he that tho was apparant, 
Upon the Regne and expectant;
Wherof he wax so proud and vein,
That he his fader in desdeign
Hath take and set of non acompte, 
As he which thoghte him to surmonte; 
That wher he was ferst debonaire, 
He was tho rebell and contraire,
And noght as heir bot as a king 
He tok upon him alle thing 
Of malice and of tirannie  
In contempt of the Regalie,
Livende his fader, and so wroghte,
That whan the fader him bethoghte 
And sih to whether side it drowh, 
Anon he wiste well ynowh
How Perse after his false tunge 
<P I,177>
Hath so thenvious belle runge,  
That he hath slain his oghne brother.
Wherof as thanne he knew non other,  
Bot sodeinly the jugge he nom,  
Which corrupt sat upon the dom, 
In such a wise and hath him pressed, 
That he the sothe him hath confessed 
Of al that hath be spoke and do.
   Mor sori than the king was tho  
Was nevere man upon this Molde, 
And thoghte in certein that he wolde 
Vengance take upon this wrong.  
Bot thother parti was so strong,
That for the lawe of no statut  
Ther mai no riht ben execut; 
And upon this division
The lond was torned up so doun: 
Wherof his herte is so distraght, 
That he for pure sorwe hath caght 
The maladie of which nature
Is queint in every creature. 
   And whan this king was passed thus,  
This false tunged Perseus 
The regiment hath underfonge.
Bot ther mai nothing stonde longe 
Which is noght upon trowthe grounded;
For god, which alle thing hath bounded 
And sih the falshod of his guile, 
Hath set him bot a litel while, 
That he schal regne upon depos; 
For sodeinliche as he aros 
So sodeinliche doun he fell. 
   In thilke time it so befell, 
This newe king of newe Pride 
With strengthe schop him forto ride, 
And seide he wolde Rome waste,  
Wherof he made a besi haste, 
<P I,178>
And hath assembled him an host  
In al that evere he mihte most: 
What man that mihte wepne bere  
Of alle he wolde non forbere;
So that it mihte noght be nombred,
The folk which after was encombred
Thurgh him, that god wolde overthrowe. 
   Anon it was at Rome knowe, 
The pompe which that Perse ladde; 
And the Romeins that time hadde 
A Consul, which was cleped thus 
Be name, Paul Emilius,
A noble, a worthi kniht withalle; 
And he, which chief was of hem alle, 
This werre on honde hath undertake.  
And whanne he scholde his leve take  
Of a yong dowhter which was his,
Sche wepte, and he what cause it is  
Hire axeth, and sche him ansuerde 
That Perse is ded; and he it herde,  
And wondreth what sche meene wolde:  
And sche upon childhode him tolde 
That Perse hir litel hound is ded.
With that he pulleth up his hed 
And made riht a glad visage, 
And seide how that was a presage
Touchende unto that other Perse,
Of that fortune him scholde adverse, 
He seith, for such a prenostik  
Most of an hound was to him lik:
For as it is an houndes kinde
To berke upon a man behinde, 
Riht so behinde his brother bak 
With false wordes whiche he spak
He hath do slain, and that is rowthe.
'Bot he which hateth alle untrowthe, 
The hihe god, it schal redresse;
For so my dowhter prophetesse
<P I,179>
Forth with hir litel houndes deth 
Betokneth.' And thus forth he geth
Conforted of this evidence,
With the Romeins in his defence 
Ayein the Greks that ben comende. 
   This Perseus, as noght seende  
This meschief which that him abod,
With al his multitude rod, 
And prided him upon the thing,  
Of that he was become a king,
And how he hadde his regne gete;
Bot he hath al the riht foryete 
Which longeth unto governance.  
Wherof thurgh goddes ordinance  
It fell, upon the wynter tide
That with his host he scholde ride
Over Danubie thilke flod,  
Which al befrose thanne stod 
So harde, that he wende wel
To passe: bot the blinde whiel, 
Which torneth ofte er men be war, 
Thilke ys which that the horsmen bar 
Tobrak, so that a gret partie
Was dreint; of the chivalerie
The rerewarde it tok aweie,
Cam non of hem to londe dreie.  
   Paulus the worthi kniht Romein  
Be his aspie it herde sein,
And hasteth him al that he may, 
So that upon that other day
He cam wher he this host beheld,
And that was in a large feld,
Wher the Baneres ben desplaied. 
He hath anon hise men arraied,  
And whan that he was embatailled, 
He goth and hath the feld assailed,  
And slowh and tok al that he fond;
Wherof the Macedoyne lond, 
<P I,180>
Which thurgh king Alisandre honoured 
Long time stod, was tho devoured. 
To Perse and al that infortune  
Thei wyte, so that the comune
Of al the lond his heir exile;  
And he despeired for the while  
Desguised in a povere wede 
To Rome goth, and ther for nede 
The craft which thilke time was,
To worche in latoun and in bras,
He lerneth for his sustienance. 
Such was the Sones pourveance,  
And of his fader it is seid, 
In strong prisoun that he was leid
In Albe, wher that he was ded
For hunger and defalte of bred. 
The hound was tokne and prophecie 
That lich an hound he scholde die,
Which lich was of condicioun,
Whan he with his detraccioun 
Bark on his brother so behinde. 
   Lo, what profit a man mai finde,
Which hindre wole an other wiht.
Forthi with al thin hole miht,  
Mi Sone, eschuie thilke vice.
   Mi fader, elles were I nyce: 
For ye therof so wel have spoke,
That it is in myn herte loke 
And evere schal: bot of Envie,  
If ther be more in his baillie  
Towardes love, sai me what.
   Mi Sone, as guile under the hat 
With sleyhtes of a tregetour 
Is hidd, Envie of such colour
Hath yit the ferthe deceivant,  
The which is cleped Falssemblant, 
Wherof the matiere and the forme
Now herkne and I thee schal enforme. 
<P I,181>
   Of Falssemblant if I schal telle, 
Above alle othre it is the welle
Out of the which deceipte floweth.
Ther is noman so wys that knoweth 
Of thilke flod which is the tyde, 
Ne how he scholde himselven guide 
To take sauf passage there.
And yit the wynd to mannes Ere  
Is softe, and as it semeth oute 
It makth clier weder al aboute; 
Bot thogh it seme, it is noght so. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P I,316>
   Ye, fader, ofte it hath be so,  
That whanne I am mi ladi fro 
And thenke untoward hire drawe, 
Than cast I many a newe lawe 
And al the world torne up so doun,
And so recorde I mi lecoun 
And wryte in my memorial
What I to hire telle schal,
Riht al the matiere of mi tale: 
Bot al nys worth a note schale; 
For whanne I come ther sche is, 
I have it al foryete ywiss;
Of that I thoghte forto telle
I can noght thanne unethes spelle 
That I wende altherbest have rad, 
<P I,317> 
So sore I am of hire adrad.
For as a man that sodeinli 
A gost behelde, so fare I; 
So that for feere I can noght gete
Mi witt, bot I miself foryete,  
That I wot nevere what I am, 
Ne whider I schal, ne whenne I cam,  
Bot muse as he that were amased.
Lich to the bok in which is rased 
The lettre, and mai nothing be rad,  
So ben my wittes overlad,  
That what as evere I thoghte have spoken, 
It is out fro myn herte stoken, 
And stonde, as who seith, doumb and def,  
That all nys worth an yvy lef,  
Of that I wende wel have seid.  
And ate laste I make abreid, 
Caste up myn hed and loke aboute, 
Riht as a man that were in doute
And wot noght wher he schal become.  
Thus am I ofte al overcome,
Ther as I wende best to stonde: 
Bot after, whanne I understonde,
And am in other place al one,
I make many a wofull mone  
Unto miself, and speke so: 
'Ha fol, wher was thin herte tho, 
Whan thou thi worthi ladi syhe? 
Were thou afered of hire yhe?
For of hire hand ther is no drede:
So wel I knowe hir wommanhede,  
That in hire is nomore oultrage 
Than in a child of thre yeer age. 
Whi hast thou drede of so good on,
Whom alle vertu hath begon,
That in hire is no violence
Bot goodlihiede and innocence
Withouten spot of eny blame? 
<P I,318> 
Ha, nyce herte, fy for schame!  
Ha, couard herte of love unlered, 
Wherof art thou so sore afered, 
That thou thi tunge soffrest frese,  
And wolt thi goode wordes lese, 
Whan thou hast founde time and space?
How scholdest thou deserve grace, 
Whan thou thiself darst axe non,
Bot al thou hast foryete anon?' 
And thus despute I loves lore,  
Bot help ne finde I noght the more,  
Bot stomble upon myn oghne treine 
And make an ekinge of my peine. 
For evere whan I thenke among
How al is on miself along, 
I seie, 'O fol of alle foles,
Thou farst as he betwen tuo stoles
That wolde sitte and goth to grounde.
It was ne nevere schal be founde, 
Betwen foryetelnesse and drede  
That man scholde any cause spede.'
And thus, myn holi fader diere, 
Toward miself, as ye mai hiere, 
I pleigne of my foryetelnesse;  
Bot elles al the besinesse,
That mai be take of mannes thoght,
Min herte takth, and is thorghsoght  
To thenken evere upon that swete
Withoute Slowthe, I you behete. 
For what so falle, or wel or wo,
That thoght foryete I neveremo, 
Wher so I lawhe or so I loure:  
Noght half the Minut of an houre
Ne mihte I lete out of my mende,
Bot if I thoghte upon that hende. 
Therof me schal no Slowthe lette, 
Til deth out of this world me fette, 
<P I,319> 
Althogh I hadde on such a Ring, 
As Moises thurgh his enchanting 
Som time in Ethiope made,  
Whan that he Tharbis weddid hade. 
Which Ring bar of Oblivion 
The name, and that was be resoun
That where it on a finger sat,  
Anon his love he so foryat,
As thogh he hadde it nevere knowe:
And so it fell that ilke throwe,
Whan Tharbis hadde it on hire hond,  
No knowlechinge of him sche fond, 
Bot al was clene out of memoire,
As men mai rede in his histoire;
And thus he wente quit away, 
That nevere after that ilke day 
Sche thoghte that ther was such on;  
Al was foryete and overgon.
Bot in good feith so mai noght I: 
For sche is evere faste by,
So nyh that sche myn herte toucheth, 
That for nothing that Slowthe voucheth 
I mai foryete hire, lief ne loth; 
For overal, where as sche goth, 
Min herte folwith hire aboute.  
Thus mai I seie withoute doute, 
For bet, for wers, for oght, for noght,
Sche passeth nevere fro my thoght;
Bot whanne I am ther as sche is,
Min herte, as I you saide er this,
Som time of hire is sore adrad, 
And som time it is overglad, 
Al out of reule and out of space. 
For whan I se hir goodli face
And thenke upon hire hihe pris, 
As thogh I were in Paradis,
I am so ravisht of the syhte,
That speke unto hire I ne myhte 
<P I,320>
As for the time, thogh I wolde: 
For I ne mai my wit unfolde
To finde o word of that I mene, 
Bot al it is foryete clene;
And thogh I stonde there a myle,
Al is foryete for the while, 
A tunge I have and wordes none. 
And thus I stonde and thenke al one  
Of thing that helpeth ofte noght; 
Bot what I hadde afore thoght
To speke, whanne I come there,  
It is foryete, as noght ne were,
And stonde amased and assoted,  
That of nothing which I have noted
I can noght thanne a note singe,
Bot al is out of knowlechinge:  
Thus, what for joie and what for drede,
Al is foryeten ate nede.
So that, mi fader, of this Slowthe
I have you said the pleine trowthe;  
Ye mai it as you list redresce: 
For thus stant my foryetelnesse 
And ek my pusillamite.
Sey now forth what you list to me,
For I wol only do be you.  
   Mi Sone, I have wel herd how thou 
Hast seid, and that thou most amende:
For love his grace wol noght sende
To that man which dar axe non.  
For this we knowen everichon,
A mannes thoght withoute speche 
God wot, and yit that men beseche 
His will is; for withoute bedes 
He doth his grace in fewe stedes: 
And what man that foryet himselve,
Among a thousand be noght tuelve, 
That wol him take in remembraunce,
Bot lete him falle and take his chaunce.  
<P I,321> 
Forthi pull up a besi herte, 
Mi Sone, and let nothing asterte
Of love fro thi besinesse: 
For touchinge of foryetelnesse, 
Which many a love hath set behinde,  
A tale of gret ensample I finde,
Wherof it is pite to wite  
In the manere as it is write.

   King Demephon, whan he be Schipe
To Troieward with felaschipe 
Sailende goth, upon his weie 
It hapneth him at Rodopeie,
As Eolus him hadde blowe,  
To londe, and rested for a throwe.
And fell that ilke time thus,
The dowhter of Ligurgius,  
Which qweene was of the contre, 
Was sojournende in that Cite 
Withinne a Castell nyh the stronde,  
Wher Demephon cam up to londe.  
Phillis sche hihte, and of yong age  
And of stature and of visage 
Sche hadde al that hire best besemeth. 
Of Demephon riht wel hire qwemeth,
Whan he was come, and made him chiere; 
And he, that was of his manere  
A lusti knyht, ne myhte asterte 
That he ne sette on hire his herte;  
So that withinne a day or tuo
He thoghte, how evere that it go, 
He wolde assaie the fortune, 
And gan his herte to commune 
With goodly wordes in hire Ere; 
And forto put hire out of fere, 
He swor and hath his trowthe pliht
To be for evere hire oghne knyht. 
And thus with hire he stille abod,
Ther while his Schip on Anker rod,
<P I,322>
And hadde ynowh of time and space 
To speke of love and seche grace. 
   This ladi herde al that he seide, 
And hou he swor and hou he preide,
Which was as an enchantement 
To hire, that was innocent:
As thogh it were trowthe and feith,  
Sche lieveth al that evere he seith, 
And as hire infortune scholde,  
Sche granteth him al that he wolde. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P II,71>
   Brocours of love that deceiven, 
No wonder is thogh thei receiven
After the wrong that thei decerven;  
For whom as evere that thei serven
And do plesance for a whyle, 
Yit ate laste here oghne guile  
Upon here oghne hed descendeth, 
Which god of his vengance sendeth,
As be ensample of time go  
A man mai finde it hath be so.  
It fell somtime, as it was sene,
The hihe goddesse and the queene
Juno tho hadde in compainie
A Maiden full of tricherie;
For sche was evere in on acord  
<P II,72> 
With Jupiter, that was hire lord, 
To gete him othre loves newe,
Thurgh such brocage and was untrewe  
Al otherwise than him nedeth.
Bot sche, which of no schame dredeth,
With queinte wordes and with slyhe
Blente in such wise hir lady yhe, 
As sche to whom that Juno triste, 
So that therof sche nothing wiste.
Bot so prive mai be nothing, 
That it ne comth to knowleching;
Thing don upon the derke nyht
Is after knowe on daies liht:
So it befell, that ate laste 
Al that this slyhe maiden caste 
Was overcast and overthrowe. 
For as the sothe mot be knowe,  
To Juno was don understonde
In what manere hir housebonde
With fals brocage hath take usure 
Of love mor than his mesure, 
Whan he tok othre than his wif, 
Wherof this mayden was gultif,  
Which hadde ben of his assent.  
And thus was al the game schent;
She soffreth him, as sche mot nede,  
Bot the brocour of his misdede, 
Sche which hir conseil yaf therto,
On hire is the vengance do:
For Juno with hire wordes hote, 
This Maiden, which Eccho was hote,
Reproveth and seith in this wise: 
'O traiteresse, of which servise
Hast thou thin oghne ladi served! 
Thou hast gret peine wel deserved,
That thou canst maken it so queinte, 
Thi slyhe wordes forto peinte
Towardes me, that am thi queene,
Wherof thou madest me to wene
<P II,73> 
That myn housbonde trewe were,  
Whan that he loveth elleswhere, 
Al be it so him nedeth noght.
Bot upon thee it schal be boght,
Which art prive to tho doinges, 
And me fulofte of thi lesinges  
Deceived hast: nou is the day
That I thi while aquite may; 
And for thou hast to me conceled
That my lord hath with othre deled,  
I schal thee sette in such a kende,  
That evere unto the worldes ende
Al that thou hierest thou schalt telle,
And clappe it out as doth a belle.'  
And with that word sche was forschape, 
Ther may no vois hire mouth ascape,  
What man that in the wodes crieth,
Withoute faile Eccho replieth,  
And what word that him list to sein, 
The same word sche seith ayein. 
Thus sche, which whilom hadde leve
To duelle in chambre, mot beleve
In wodes and on helles bothe,
For such brocage as wyves lothe,
Which doth here lordes hertes change 
And love in other place strange.
   Forthi, if evere it so befalle, 
That thou, mi Sone, amonges alle
Be wedded man, hold that thou hast,  
For thanne al other love is wast. 
O wif schal wel to thee suffise,
And thanne, if thou for covoitise 
Of love woldest axe more,  
Thou scholdest don ayein the lore 
Of alle hem that trewe be. 
   Mi fader, as in this degre 
My conscience is noght accused; 
<P II,74> 
For I no such brocage have used,
Wherof that lust of love is wonne.
Forthi spek forth, as ye begonne, 
Of Avarice upon mi schrifte. 
Mi Sone, I schal the branches schifte
Be ordre so as thei ben set, 
On whom no good is wel beset.
   Blinde Avarice of his lignage
For conseil and for cousinage,  
To be withholde ayein largesse, 
Hath on, whos name is seid Skarsnesse, 
The which is kepere of his hous,
And is so thurghout averous, 
That he no good let out of honde; 
Thogh god himself it wolde fonde, 
Of yifte scholde he nothing have; 
And if a man it wolde crave, 
He moste thanne faile nede,
Wher god himselve mai noght spede.
And thus Skarsnesse in every place
Be reson mai no thonk porchace, 
And natheles in his degree 
Above alle othre most prive 
With Avarice stant he this.
For he governeth that ther is
In ech astat of his office 
After the reule of thilke vice; 
He takth, he kepth, he halt, he bint,
That lihtere is to fle the flint
Than gete of him in hard or neisshe  
Only the value of a reysshe
Of good in helpinge of an other,
Noght thogh it were his oghne brother. 
<P II,75> 
For in the cas of yifte and lone
Stant every man for him al one, 
Him thenkth of his unkindeschipe
That him nedeth no felaschipe:  
Be so the bagge and he acorden, 
Him reccheth noght what men recorden 
Of him, or it be evel or good.  
For al his trust is on his good,
So that al one he falleth ofte, 
Whan he best weneth stonde alofte,
Als wel in love as other wise;  
For love is evere of som reprise
To him that wole his love holde.
Forthi, mi Sone, as thou art holde,  
Touchende of this tell me thi schrifte:
Hast thou be scars or large of yifte 
Unto thi love, whom thou servest? 
For after that thou wel deservest 
Of yifte, thou miht be the bet; 
For that good holde I wel beset,
For why thou miht the betre fare; 
Thanne is no wisdom forto spare.
For thus men sein, in every nede
He was wys that ferst made mede;
For where as mede mai noght spede,
I not what helpeth other dede:  
Fulofte he faileth of his game  
That wol with ydel hand reclame 
His hauk, as many a nyce doth.  
Forthi, mi Sone, tell me soth
And sei the trouthe, if thou hast be 
Unto thy love or skars or fre.  
   Mi fader, it hath stonde thus,  
That if the tresor of Cresus 
And al the gold Octovien,  
Forth with the richesse Yndien  
Of Perles and of riche stones,  
Were al togedre myn at ones, 
<P II,76> 
I sette it at nomore acompte 
Than wolde a bare straw amonte, 
To yive it hire al in a day, 
Be so that to that suete may 
I myhte like or more or lesse.  
And thus be cause of my scarsnesse
Ye mai wel understonde and lieve
That I schal noght the worse achieve 
The pourpos which is in my thoght.
Bot yit I yaf hir nevere noght, 
Ne therto dorste a profre make; 
For wel I wot sche wol noght take,
And yive wol sche noght also,
Sche is eschu of bothe tuo.
And this I trowe be the skile
Towardes me, for sche ne wile
That I have eny cause of hope,  
Noght also mochel as a drope.
Bot toward othre, as I mai se,  
Sche takth and yifth in such degre,  
That as be weie of frendlihiede 
Sche can so kepe hir wommanhiede, 
That every man spekth of hir wel. 
Bot sche wole take of me no del,
And yit sche wot wel that I wolde 
Yive and do bothe what I scholde
To plesen hire in al my myht:
Be reson this wot every wyht,
For that mai be no weie asterte,
Ther sche is maister of the herte,
Sche mot be maister of the good.
For god wot wel that al my mod  
And al min herte and al mi thoght 
And al mi good, whil I have oght, 
Als freliche as god hath it yive, 
It schal ben hires, while I live, 
Riht as hir list hirself commande.
So that it nedeth no demande,
<P II,77> 
To axe of me if I be scars 
To love, for as to tho pars
I wole ansuere and seie no. 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P II,221>
   Sche longeth sore after the dai,
That sche hir swevene telle mai 
To this guilour in privete,
Which kneu it als so wel as sche: 
And natheles on morwe sone 
Sche lefte alle other thing to done, 
And for him sende, and al the cas 
Sche tolde him pleinly as it was, 
And seide hou thanne wel sche wiste  
That sche his wordes mihte triste,
For sche fond hire Avisioun
Riht after the condicion
Which he hire hadde told tofore;
And preide him hertely therfore 
That he hire holde covenant
So forth of al the remenant, 
That sche may thurgh his ordinance
Toward the god do such plesance,
<P II,222> 
That sche wakende myhte him kepe
In such wise as sche mette aslepe.
And he, that couthe of guile ynouh,  
Whan he this herde, of joie he louh, 
And seith, 'Ma dame, it schal be do. 
Bot this I warne you therto: 
This nyht, whan that he comth to pleie,
That ther be no lif in the weie 
Bot I, that schal at his likinge
Ordeine so for his cominge,
That ye ne schull noght of him faile.
For this, ma dame, I you consaile,
That ye it kepe so prive,  
That no wiht elles bot we thre  
Have knowlechinge hou that it is; 
For elles mihte it fare amis,
If ye dede oght that scholde him grieve.' 
And thus he makth hire to believe,
And feigneth under guile feith: 
Bot natheles al that he seith
Sche troweth; and ayein the nyht
Sche hath withinne hire chambre dyht,
Wher as this guilour faste by
Upon this god schal prively
Awaite, as he makth hire to wene: 
And thus this noble gentil queene,
Whan sche most trusteth, was deceived. 
   The nyht com, and the chambre is weyved,  
Nectanabus hath take his place, 
And whan he sih the time and space,  
Thurgh the deceipte of his magique
He putte him out of mannes like,
And of a dragoun tok the forme, 
As he which wolde him al conforme 
To that sche sih in swevene er this; 
<P II,223>
And thus to chambre come he is. 
The queene lay abedde and sih,  
And hopeth evere, as he com nyh,
That he god of Lubye were, 
So hath sche wel the lasse fere.
Bot for he wolde hire more assure,
Yit eft he changeth his figure, 
And of a wether the liknesse 
He tok, in signe of his noblesse
With large hornes for the nones:
Of fin gold and of riche stones 
A corone on his hed he bar,
And soudeinly, er sche was war, 
As he which alle guile can,
His forme he torneth into man,  
And cam to bedde, and sche lai stille, 
Wher as sche soffreth al his wille,  
As sche which wende noght misdo.
Bot natheles it hapneth so,
Althogh sche were in part deceived,  
Yit for al that sche hath conceived  
The worthieste of alle kiththe, 
Which evere was tofore or siththe 
Of conqueste and chivalerie; 
So that thurgh guile and Sorcerie 
Ther was that noble knyht begunne,
Which al the world hath after wunne. 
Thus fell the thing which falle scholde,  
Nectanabus hath that he wolde;  
With guile he hath his love sped, 
With guile he cam into the bed, 
With guile he goth him out ayein: 
He was a schrewed chamberlein,  
So to beguile a worthi queene,  
And that on him was after seene.
Bot natheles the thing is do;
This false god was sone go,
<P II,224> 
With his deceipte and hield him clos,
Til morwe cam, that he aros. 
   And tho, whan time and leisir was,
The queene tolde him al the cas,
As sche that guile non supposeth; 
And of tuo pointz sche him opposeth. 
On was, if that this god nomore 
Wol come ayein, and overmore,
Hou sche schal stonden in acord 
With king Philippe hire oghne lord,  
Whan he comth hom and seth hire grone. 
'Ma dame,' he seith, 'let me alone:  
As for the god I undertake 
That whan it liketh you to take 
His compaignie at eny throwe,
If I a day tofore it knowe,
He schal be with you on the nyht; 
And he is wel of such a myht 
To kepe you from alle blame. 
Forthi conforte you, ma dame,
Ther schal non other cause be.' 
Thus tok he leve and forth goth he,  
And tho began he forto muse
Hou he the queene mihte excuse  
Toward the king of that is falle; 
And fond a craft amonges alle,  
Thurgh which he hath a See foul daunted,  
With his magique and so enchaunted,  
That he flyh forth, whan it was nyht,
Unto the kinges tente riht,
Wher that he lay amidde his host: 
And whanne he was aslepe most,  
With that the See foul to him broghte
And othre charmes, whiche he wroghte 
At hom withinne his chambre stille,  
The king he torneth at his wille, 
And makth him forto dreme and se
The dragoun and the privete
Which was betuen him and the queene. 
<P II,225> 
And over that he made him wene  
In swevene, hou that the god Amos,
Whan he up fro the queene aros, 
Tok forth a ring, wherinne a ston 
Was set, and grave therupon
A Sonne, in which, whan he cam nyh,  
A leoun with a swerd he sih; 
And with that priente, as he tho mette,
Upon the queenes wombe he sette 
A Seal, and goth him forth his weie. 
With that the swevene wente aweie,
And tho began the king awake 
And sigheth for his wyves sake, 
Wher as he lay withinne his tente,
And hath gret wonder what it mente.  
   With that he hasteth him to ryse
Anon, and sende after the wise, 
Among the whiche ther was on,
A clerc, his name is Amphion:
Whan he the kinges swevene herde, 
What it betokneth he ansuerde,  
And seith, 'So siker as the lif,
A god hath leie be thi wif,
And gete a Sone, which schal winne
The world and al that is withinne.
As leon is the king of bestes,  
So schal the world obeie his hestes, 
Which with his swerd schal al be wonne,
Als ferr as schyneth eny Sonne.'
   The king was doubtif of this dom; 
Bot natheles, whan that he com  
Ayein into his oghne lond, 
His wif with childe gret he fond. 
He mihte noght himselve stiere, 
That he ne made hire hevy chiere; 
Bot he which couthe of alle sorwe,
Nectanabus, upon the morwe 
Thurgh the deceipte and nigromance
<P II,226> 
Tok of a dragoun the semblance, 
And wher the king sat in his halle,  
Com in rampende among hem alle  
With such a noise and such a rore,
That thei agast were also sore  
As thogh thei scholde deie anon.
And natheles he grieveth non,
Bot goth toward the deyss on hih; 
And whan he cam the queene nyh, 
He stinte his noise, and in his wise 
To hire he profreth his servise,
And leith his hed upon hire barm; 
And sche with goodly chiere hire arm 
Aboute his necke ayeinward leide, 
And thus the queene with him pleide  
In sihte of alle men aboute. 
And ate laste he gan to loute
And obeissance unto hire make,  
As he that wolde his leve take; 
And sodeinly his lothly forme
Into an Egle he gan transforme, 
And flyh and sette him on a raile;
Wherof the king hath gret mervaile,  
For there he pruneth him and piketh, 
As doth an hauk whan him wel liketh, 
And after that himself he schok,
Wherof that al the halle quok,  
As it a terremote were; 
Thei seiden alle, god was there:
In such a res and forth he flyh. 



<B CMOFFIC3>
<Q M3 XX CORO HENRY5C>
<N LET TO BISHOP>
<A HENRY V>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SAMPLE 1:

HENRY V.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
AN ANTHOLOGY OF CHANCERY ENGLISH.
ED. J. H. FISHER, M. RICHARDSON
AND J. L. FISHER.
KNOXVILLE: THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
PRESS, 1984. 
PP. 94.30  - 95.22  (24)      (HENRY5C) 
PP. 99.14  - 100.4  (32)
PP. 105.25 - 106.26 (43)
PP. 120.16 - 121.37 (69)
P.  122.1  - 122.18 (70) 

HENRY V.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425.
ED. R. W. CHAMBERS AND M. DAUNT. 
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1967 (1931). 
PP. 71.1 - 72.40 (XI)         (HENRY5L)
PP. 82.1 - 83.35 (XXI)^]

[^SAMPLE 2:

TEXT:  LETTER(S), LONDON.
A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425.
ED. R. W. CHAMBERS AND M. DAUNT.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1967 (1931). 
PP. 68.1 - 70.55 (IX)         (LLETT)
PP. 72.1 - 73.29 (XII)
PP. 74.1 - 76.70 (XIV)
PP. 79.1 - 80.43 (XVIII)^]

[^IN THE EXTRACTS TAKEN FROM An Anthology of Chancery English 
ALL PARENTHESES ARE EDITORIAL, E.G. (...); EXPLANATORY COMMENTS
ARE ADDED WHEN GIVEN IN THE EDITION.^]
 
<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 94> 
[} [\24\] }]
[} [\1418 C81/1364/53 SIGNET OF HENRY V\] }]

   By the kyng:
   Worshipful fader yn god. ri+gt trusty and welbeloued. we     #
grete yow
wel / And for asmuche as we haue vnderstande by yowre lettre    #
wreten
in oure Cite of London +te iiij. day of May / how +tat +te      #
bisshop of
saint Dauid ha+t founden seurte in oure Chancellerie / +tat he  #
shal
<P 95>
neuer vexe ne inquiete +texecutours of +te testament of his     #
last
predecessour / +tat was our Confessour +te whiche god assoille  #
/ but for
asmuche as +te said bisshop of saint Dauid ha+t (not) [\THE     #
WORD IN PARENTHESES A SUPERIOR INSERT\] brawt into
oure said Chancellerie +te bulles of his translacion dirett     #
vnto vs / +tat
+tees bulles +ter seen he mighte make certein renunciacion in   #
suche
cas accustumed in conseruacion of oure Regalie / +te            #
deliuerance of his
temporaltees as yit been deferret. wherfore we sende yow by     #
+te berer
of +tis +te said bulle / and wol +tat +te said bisshop haue     #
lyueree of
his temporaltees / and do his fewte / as hit ha+d been vsed     #
duely in suche
cas afore +tis tyme. and god haue yow in his kepyng /           #
ffer+termore
/ for asmuche as we haue granted to oure clerc Robert           #
Shiryngton +te
prebende whiche sir Laurence haukyn +tat is god betaght hadde
now late in oure Chirche of Chichestre. we wol +tat ye do make
vnto +te said Robert oure lettres patentes vnder oure grete     #
seel beyng
in yowre warde in due forme. Considering +tat he lost by oure   #
comandement.
a no+ter prebende in +te same chirche / to +te vse of oure      #
trusty
and welbeloued clerc maistre henry ware / keper of oure priue   #
seel
and eslit of oure chirche abouesaid / yeuen vnder oure signet   #
in oure
Castel of Caen +te xv day of May abouesaid: Also we do yow to
witte +tat we haue granted vnto oure welbeloued clerc William   #
Toly
+te pension of +te abbot of Bataille. wher vpon we wol +tat     #
oure said
clerc haue suche lettres vnder oure grete (seel) [\THE WORD IN  #
PARENTHESES A SUPERIOR INSERT\] as +te cas aske+t

<P 99>
[} [\32\] }]
[} [\1418 C81/1364/61 SIGNET OF HENRY V\] }]

   By +te kyng:
   Worshipf(ul) [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] fader in    #
god Ryht trusty and welbeloued we grete yow
wel And sende you closed wi+tinne +tees lettres. a copie of     #
certaine
lettres sent vnto vs from oure Bro+ter +te Duc of Bretaigne.    #
for to haue
Restitucion of certaine goodes of Hamon Martyn breton and       #
o+tere
of his sougittes of Bretaigne specified in +te same lettres     #
whiche shulde
haue be taken vpon +te See by certaine of our sougettes. of     #
Cornewaille.
as ye may se moore cleerly by +te saide copie. +te whiche.      #
seen and
vnderstanden and hauynge ful knowleche whe+ter +te sugestion    #
comprehended
in +te same lettres be trewe. we wol and charge you. +tat
ye se and ordeyne +tat hasty resticion of +te forsaide goodes   #
be
maad and +tat ye do compelle our saide sougettes to make        #
restitucion
abouesaid in obseruynge duely for our partie +te trewes taken   #
betwix
vs and our said Bro+ter of Bretaigne / . And knowe+d wel +tat   #
our
wil and desire is +tat +te saide trieues be kept as Iustly for  #
oure partie.
as we wolde +tat +tey wer kept towardes vs for his partie. and
in suche wyse +tat nouther he ne his saide sougettes haue no    #
cause raisounable
to compleyne vnto vs her after for +tis cause ne for non
o+ter semblable for defaute of Ryght as we haue write to our    #
Ryht trusty
and welbeloued bro+ter of Bedeford by oure o+tere lettres. And
also in wyse as we wol +tat restitucion be maad of +te          #
forsaide goodes.
yn lychwyse / we wol +tat deliuerance of +te Barge and persones
specified in +te saide copie be maad wi+d +te saide goodes. so  #
+tat
<P 100>
no defaute be founde on our partie. And we wol +tat ye do +tis  #
+tyng
by +tauys of our said bro+ter. to whom we write semblablely at  #
+tis
tyme for +te same matire. Yeven vnder our signet in our hoost   #
afore
Louiers +te viij. day of Iuyn.

<P 105>
[} [\43\] }]
[} [\1418 COTTON GALBA B.I. FOL.164 SIGNET OF HENRY V\] }]

   By +te kyng
   Right worshipful and worshipful faders yn god / right        #
trusty and
welbeloued / We grete yow wel / And wol ye wite / +tat          #
+tambassiatours
of oure bro+tir +te Duc of Baire / bringers of +tis / haue      #
been here
wi+d vs / and doon +teire ambassiat in suche wyse . as we       #
halde vs
wel apaide / And among o+tir +tinges declared vnto vs / +tei    #
haue desired
to knowe / how it standeth bitwix vs / and +te princes of       #
Duchelond
and in what wise +tei gouerne hem towardes vs / and in especial #
how
Duc Iohan of Baire sumtyme Elit of Lieges gouerne+t him anenst  #
vs
<P 106>
/ for as +tei sey / +tereafter wol oure bro+tir of Baire        #
gouerne him
/ to +te same Iohan / And for asmuche as ye knowe better        #
+tanne we
doo / how +te said Duc Iohan gouerne+t him towardes vs / and    #
oure
Rewme of Englande / and oure suggettes. we remitte hem to haue
ful declaracion and verrai knaweleche of you in +tat matere.    #
Wherefore
we wol +tat ye comune wi+t +taim of +tis matere / latyng hem    #
haue
knoweleche +terof / and how yow +tenke +tat oure brothir of     #
Baiere shulde
gouerne him anenst +te same Duc Iohan / for ye mowe trustely
anogh comun wi+t +taim of suche materes / as vs +tenke+t by     #
+te gouernance
+tat +tei haue shewed to vs / Moreouer +tei haue desired of vs  #
/
to be counseilled be what weye / +tai might best and most       #
seurly
Retourne hoom ayen into +taire cuntre / owt of oure Rewme of
Englande. Consideryng +tat +te trewes whiche were bitwix vs /   #
and +te
Duc of Bourgoine. expired at Mighelmasse last passed / wherfore
In asmuche as ye knowe better +tanne we / how +tai of           #
fflandres and
also of hollande gouerne +taim towardes vs / and oure           #
soubgettes.
we desiryng in al wise +te sauf Retournyng hoom of +te said     #
Ambassiatours 
/ wol +tat ye counseille and aduise hem in +te best wyse
+tat ye can for +te seurete of +taire Retournyng / And whiles   #
+tai
tarie yn oure land / we wol +tat +tere be shewed vnto hem / al  #
+te fee
fauor and chere / +tat may be doon yn goodly wyse. And also     #
+tat
ye oure Chanceller doo make vnto +taim / soufficeant writtes    #
of passage.
In suche wyse as +tai may haue redy passage owt of oure land /
from what port +tai come too / vnto what port +tayme is Leuest  #
to
drawe to by yowre aduis / And almighty god haue yow in his      #
kepyng.
yeven vnder oure signet in oure hoost afore Roan the xxj day    #
of Octobre

<P 120>
[} [\69\] }]
[} [\1419 COTTON VESP. F.I. FOL. 104 SIGNET OF HENRY V\] }]

   Worshipful fader in god oure right trusty and welbeloued.    #
We grete
yow wel / And wol ye wete / yat we haue Receiued youre lettres
whiche ye sent vs last by hugh of oure chambre / by whiche we   #
conceive 
/ yat among other yinges whiche ye write vn to vs of / ye       #
desire
to knawe oure entent touchyng ye trewes taken vn to Alhalwen    #
tyde
betwix vs and flaundres / of whiche trewes writtes of           #
proclamacion
been passed vnder oure grete seel. whervpon we wol ye wete /    #
yat we
hald vs agreed of ye proclamacion / after as in ye writtes be   #
contened 
/ And in cas yat yay of flaundres wol here after desire         #
prorogacion
of ye said trewes / we wolde yay were halden in hand wiy tretee
/ vn to ye tyme ye haue certiffied vs yerof / and knowe oure    #
entent
ayeinward / And of o thing we wold ye were wel aduised / yat in
any trewes takyng (with hem) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES         #
SUPERIOR INSERT\] hereafter yere were put yn / alle oure
suggettes as wel of oure duchie of Normandie / and of oure      #
other
lordshippes / as of oure Reaume of Englond
   And as touchyng ye tretee wiy yembassiatours of Gene / of    #
whiche
ye haye send vs a cedule / sent vn to yowe be Escourt / In      #
whiche cedule
the merchantes of oure Reaume of England asken after ye         #
vttermast
estimacion of yayre godes yat were taken be ye Ianeuoys .x      #
ml.li.
And ye same Ianevoys maken estimacion of ye same goodes at vii.
<P 121>
ml. Cxxiiij. li. wolnyng for to stand in oure goode grace et
beniuolence paye wiy oute any excepcion / iiij. ml. li. at      #
Resonable
termes / oure subgettes and oure merchandes of oure land hauyng
hereaftre fre commyng and goyng to Gene / as yay of Gene        #
desire to
haue in to oure Reaume of England / witteth yat consideryng ye
vnese yat ye merque of hem of Gene haay / doon: as wel in       #
strengthyng
of oure ennemys / as in hindryng of ye cours of marchandise     #
betwix
oure Reaume and yaym / and tourneth to noon neer ende for hom
yat han ye merque. yan hit did / at bygynnyng / vs yenkey and
we wold / yat such somme as yay profer were accepted / yf no    #
gretter
myght be haad in short tyme / wiy ye condicion yat we           #
vnderstond
/ yay profre / yat is / yat oure sugettes of Englond etcetera:  #
may be
fre in alle yaire portes (to which we wold were put yat oure    #
subgit+g
shuld be free in alle yaire portes) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES  #
SUPERIOR INSERT\] as wel as to passe by hem to what
other portes yaim lust by waye of marchandise / if this myght   #
be
haad. And alle this we committe to yow and to ye Remenant of    #
oure
counseil to be wroght after youre discrecions and comun aduis /
for as (of) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES A SUPERIOR INSERT\] ye    #
somme al ying considered / we halde hit Resounable o
lasse yenne more may be geten / wiy oute taryeng of yaccord /   #
And
if yis matere myght be concluded in oure Reaume of England      #
before
yow / hit were oure entent / And ellis if yat may not bee / we  #
wol
wel yat yeende be maade at Calais wyt a goode Instruccion And   #
yat
it be seyn / yat yay be wel bounden / not to [\THE WORD holde   #
CANCELLED\] (helpe) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES A SUPERIOR        #
INSERT\] nor
suffre non of yaires to helpe noon of oure ennemys ayeines vs   #
ner noon
of oures / nouther be land ner water / And yat in ye best wise  #
yat
may be haade.
   Also as touchyng yat now late ye saide Ambassiatours of      #
Gene haue
writen vn to oure Ambassiatours sharpely / yat [\THE WORD Awe   #
CANCELLED\] (al be) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES SUPERIOR         #
INSERT\] hit
/ yat yaire vessell and marchandes haan been late taken be      #
oure suggettes
/ ye tretee of pees so nigh concluded / neuer ye later yay wol
a byde an answar after as was accorded whiche haad from vs /
yay wol send to Gene / Not wolnyng other wise yanne as before   #
trete
ner conclude / but yf yay haue other in commandement from yaire
souueraines / The answar may be wel maad yat til yai be ful     #
thorogh
wiy vs / yat yay shal no thyng haue but werre / And yerfor      #
desire 
of hem to make ye sonner ende / for in oure partie / and yay    #
wol be
Resounable hit shal not halde / but yat good Rest and           #
frensship shal be

<Q M3 XX CORO HENRY5C>
<N LET TO ->
<A HENRY V>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 122>
[} [\70\] }]
[} [\1419(?) COTTON VESP. F.III. FOL.8.
AUTOGRAPH DRAFT BY HENRY V?\] }]

   Furthremore I wole that ye comend with my brothre with the
chanceller with my cosin of northhumbrelond and my cosin of
Westme(r)land [\THE LETTER IN PARENTHESES TORN\] and that ye    #
set a gode ordinance for my north marches
and specialy for the Duc of (O)rlians. [\THE LETTER IN          #
PARENTHESES TORN\] and for alle the remanant
of my prisoners of France. and also for the king of Scotelond.
for as I am secrely enfourmed by a man of ryght notable estate  #
in
this lond that there hath ben a man of the Ducs of Orliance in  #
scotland
and accorded with the Duc of albany. that this next somer he    #
shal
bryng in the maumet of Scotland to sturre what he may. and      #
also that
ther schold be founden weys to the havyng awey specialy of the  #
Duc
of Orlians. and also of the king as welle as of the remanant    #
of my
forsayd prysoners that god do defende. wherfore I wolle that    #
the Duc
of Orliance be kept st(i)lle [\THE LETTER IN PARENTHESES TORN\] #
withyn the castil of pontfret with owte
goyng to robertis place or to any othre disport. for it is      #
bettre he lak
his dispor(t) [\THE LETTER IN PARENTHESES TORN\] (t)hen [\THE   #
LETTER IN PARENTHESES TORN\] we were disceyued. of alle the     #
remanant dothe
as ye thenketh 

<Q M3 XX CORO HENRY5L>
<N LET TO MAYOR>
<A HENRY V>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 71>
[}XI}] 
[} (\LITTERA DOMINI REGIS MISSA MAIORI & ALDERMANNIS
CIUITATIS LONDONIE.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1418.\] }]
  
By the kyng.
 
   Trysty and welbeloued, we grete you well, and do you to
vnderstonde +tat we been in good prosperite of oure persone,    #
and
so ben al +tastates of our hoost, blessed be god, which graunt  #
you
so to be, And as touching oure gouernaunce and tithing si+t our
last departyng fro Caen, we com afore our Toun of Louiers &
wan it by assiege, to +te which place com to vs +te cardinal of
Vrsin fro our holy fader +te pope, fro to trete for +te good of
pees Betwix bo+te Reaumes, and is goon ayein to paris fro to
diligence +tere in +tis same mater, but what ende it shal       #
drawe to
we wote noght as yet. And aftur +tat we hadde wonne our sayd
toun of Louiers, we cam afore pount-de-larche, and bisieged it
on +tat oon syde of +te riuer of seyne, and vpon munday +te     #
iiij
day of +te mone+t of Juill we gate vpon our enemys +te passage
ouer the sayd riuer, and god of his mercy shewed so for vs and
for our right that it was withouten +te de+t of any mannes      #
persone
of oures, albehit that our enemys, with grete power, assembled
nigh the same riuer, for to haue let and defended vs the same
passage. And than we leyd our men afore the castell, and after
that they withine the garnison sent to vs for to deliuer vnto   #
vs the
town, and the sayd Castell of pount-de-Larch, the xx day of the
sayd moneth, Olesse +tan they were rescowed by +tat day, by
batall to be youen to vs by our aduersaire, other his sone, the
which thing we graunted, and toke +terupon hostage; and so ben
the sayd castell and Toun yolden and deliuered into our handes,
wherof, and of all our other good spede that our lord of his    #
mercy
<P 72>
shewe+t vnto vs, we thanke hym lowely with all our hert, as we
haue grete cause, and so haue ye and all our liege men.         #
Ferthermore
we sent a poursuant of oures to the Duc of Burgoyne, to
knowe whether he wolde kepe trewes taken bitwix vs and hym
or no, and the same poursuaunt is comen ayein, and hath fully
enfourmed vs the sayd duke casteth hym to yeue vs the bataill,
and so we holde hym our ful enemy, and he is now at Parys. Of
the deth of the erle of Armeignak, and of the slaghter that     #
ha+t
ben at Parys, we halde no nede to write to you, for we trowe ye
haue full knowlach +terof. And god haue you in his kepyng.
Youen vnder our signet, at our sayd Toun of Pount-de Larch,
the xxj day of Juill.
   To our right and welbeloued +te mair, Shereues, Aldermen
and good Comuners of our Cite of London.

<P 82>
[}XXI}]
[}A LETTRE FRO +TE KYNG TO +TE MAIR, ALDREMEN
AND COMUNES.}]
[} [\DATE: 1419.\] }]

   By the Kyng - Trusty and wel-beloued, We grete you well
And we thanke you wi+t al our hert of +te good wil and seruice
+tat we haue alweys founde in you hedertoward, And              #
sp[{ec{]iallich
of your kynde and notable profre of an ayde, +te which ye han
graunted vnto vs of your owne good mocion, as our bro+ter of
Bedford and our Chanceller of England haue writen vnto vs,
yeuing +terinne good ensaumple yn diuerce to al +te remanant
of our sugitz in our lande, And soo we pray you, as our trust   #
is
ye wol, for to continue. And as to +te said ayde, +te which ye
haue concluded to do vnto vs now at +tis tyme, we pray you
specially +tat we mow haue it at such tyme and in such wyse as
our b[{r{]o+ter of Bedford shal moor pleinly declare vnto you   #
on
our behalue, Lating you fully wete +tat we haue writen to al    #
our
frendes and allies +torwe Cristendom, for to haue socours and   #
help
of hem, ayeins +te same tyme +tat our sayd bro+ter shal declare
you, the which, when +tey here of +tarme and +tarray +tat ye
and other of our subgitz make at home yn help of ys, shal
<P 83>
yeue hem gret corage to hast +tair comyng vnto vs moche +te
rather and nat faille, as we trust fully. Wherfor we pray you
herteley +tat ye wolde do touching +te forsayd ayde as our sayd
bro+ter shal declare vnto you on our behalue, Considering +tat
so necessarie ne so acceptable a seruice as ye may do, a[{n{]d  #
wol
do as we trust vnto you at +tis tyme, ye ne might neuer haue    #
don
vnto vs seth our werres in Fraunce be-gan. For we truste fully
to goddes might and his mercy, wi+t good help of you and of our
land, to haue a good ende of our sayd werre in short tyme, and
for to come home vnto you to gret comfort and singuler Joye of
our hert, as god knowe+t, +te which he graunte vs to his        #
plesaunce,
And haue you euer in is kepinge. Yeuen vnder our signet, yn
our Toun of Pontoise, +te xvij day of August.
   And wete+t +tat +te forsayd xvij day of August departed      #
from vs
at Pountoyse our lettres to you, direct in +tis same tenur.     #
And by
cause it is sayd +te berer of hem is by our enemys taken in to
Crotey, we renouelle hem here at Trye +te Castell, +te xij=e=   #
day of
Septembre.                         T. Tibbay. 

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M3 XX CORO LLETT>
<N LET TO KING>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 68>
[}IX}]
[} (\LITTERA ANGLICANA REGI DIRECTA PER MAIOREM & 
ALDREMANNOS &C.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1417.\] }] 

   Of Alle erthely Princes Our most dred souereigne liege Lord
and noblest Kyng, we, youre simple Officers, Mair and Aldermen
of youre trewe Citee of London, with exhibicion of alle maner
subiectif reuerence and seruisable lowenesse that may be hadde
in dede, or in Mynde conceyued, recommende vs vnto your most
noble and hye Magnificence and excellent Power, bisechyng the
heuenly kyng of his noble grace and Pitee that he so wold
illumine and extende vpon the trone of your kyngly mageste
the radyouse bemys of hys bounteuous grace, that the begunnen
spede, by hys benigne suffraunce and help yn your Chiualiruse
persoune fixed and affermed, mowe so be continued forth, and
determined so to his plesaunce, your worship, and alle your
<P 69>
reumys proffyt, that we and alle your other lieges to the       #
desired
presence of your most noble and graciouse persone, fro which
grete distance of place long tyme hath priued vs, the sonner
myght approche and visuelly perceyue, to singuler confort and
special Joye of vs alle; Makyng protestacion, our most dred
soueraigne liege lord, and noblest kyng, that be this feruent
desire wiche we han to the bodyly sight of your most excellent
and noble persone, our entente is noght to move you fro no
thing of your hye worship, ne to no thyng that myght be perill
to your lond, that ye haue put in obbeissaunce. Our most dred
soueraign liege lord & noblest kynge, for-as-moche as we trust
verryly that the kyngly desyre of your inspired excellence
deliteth to here of the welfare of your forsayd Cite, which     #
your
noble and soueraign grace with innuberable prerogatifs &
liberalle Fraunchises hath euer visited and endowed, Like it    #
vn-to
your kyngly mageste to vnderstonde that euer syn the tyme of
your last departyng it hath stonde, yit doth, and euer shal,    #
by the
help of oure Lord almighty, in as gret pees and tranquillite    #
as
euer ded Cite in absence of his most soueraign and excellent    #
lord.
And for-as-moch, most dred souerein liege lord and noblest      #
kyng,
as the hertly desire of your forsayd Cite ys, as who seith,     #
with an
heuenly drynk and infusion so oftetymes gladed and refresshid
as it hereth the soueraign helth and prosperite of your most
graciouse & noble persoune; Therfor we, mekely bowyng our
hertes to-for the clernesse of your kyngly mageste, biseche     #
your
high excellence and excellent highnesse that it lyke, of the    #
roted
gentillesse and gronded grace in your nobley, so to visyte vs   #
in
assertenyng of your souueragn helth and prosperite, as it is    #
seyd
before, that we, in defaute of such visitacion, languisse not   #
as men
from so hie a grace sequestred and exiled. Our most dred
soueraign liege lord and noblest kyng, we, your symple          #
officers,
specially beseche vnto alle the holy company of heuenly         #
knyghthode,
assembled in the hie blisse wher-as is eternal ioye and non
euynesse, so be-shyne the noble knyghthode in your cronicable
excellence aporeued, that ye mowe in this world vpon vs and     #
alle
<P 70>
your other lieges with report of wordly victory longe regne and
endure; and after, whan your graciouse erthely persoune from
your inward spirit ys dessolued, that ye mowe be brought tofor
the throne of the hye kynge, and ther with heuenly Ierarchies   #
in
eternel glorie perpetuelly duelle and abyde. Wryten at your
forsayd Cite of london, the xx=e= day of Decembre. Your humble
lieges and simple Officers, Richard Merlawe, Mair, and Aldermen
of your Cite of London.

<P 72>
[}XII}]
[} (\RESPONCIO EIUSDEM LITTERE.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 1418.\] }] 

   Of alle erthely Princes our most dred soueraign Liege lord   #
and
noblest kynge, we recomaunde vs vnto your soueraign highnesse
and riall power, in as meke wyse and lowely maner as any symple
officers and pouuere lieges best may or can ymagine and diuise
vnto her most graciouse and most soueraign kyng, Thankyng
with all our soules your most soueraign excellence and noble
grace of +te right gentell, right graciouse, and right          #
confortable
lettres, which ye late liked to send vs fro your toun of        #
pount-de-larche,
which lettres wi+t al lowenesse and reuerence we haue
mekly resceyued, and vnderstonde bi which lettres, amonges al
other blessed spede and graciouse tithinges in hem conteyned,   #
for
which we thanke hyly, and euer shulle, the lord almighty, ware
we most inwardly conforted and reioysed, whan we herde +te
soueraign helthe and parfit prosperite of your most excellent
<P 73>
and graciouse persoune, which we beseche god of hys grete
grace and noble pite euer to kepe and manteyne. And of the
astate of your Cite of London, yif it like your soueraign       #
highnesse
to here and vnderstonde, plese it your benigne grace to
conceyue that in pesibler degre, treta[{b{]ler gouernaunce, ne  #
Joyfuller
rest, as ferforth as absence of you +tat as our most soueraign
and excellent lord may suffre, was neuer erthly Cite ne toun,
y-blessed be god. Our most dred souueraign liege lord & noblest
kyng, we lowly besech +te kyng of kynges, whos reaume shal
endelesly Last, your blessed soule and noble body from either   #
of
ther enemys euermore to kepe and defend.

Writen at your sayd Cite of London the xij day of Augst.
The mair, shereues, Aldermen and all the comuners of your
cite London.
To the kyng our most dred and most soueraign Lorde.

<P 74>  
[}XIV}]
[} (\RESPONCIO LITTERE PRECEDENTIS.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 8 SEPT., 1418.\] }] 

   Our most dred most soueraign Lord and noblest kyng, to the
soueragn highnesse of your kyngly mageste with all maner of
lowenesse and reuerence mekly we recomende vs, Nat oonly as
we oughte and shulde, but as we best can and may, with alle our
hertes thankynge your soueraign excellence of your gracious
Lettres in makyng gladsom in vnderstondyng and passyng          #
confortable
in fauoring of our poure degrees, which ye liked late to
send vs from your hoost afore the Cite of Roan. In which
lettres, after declaracion of your most noble entent for the    #
refresshing 
of your hooste, ye recorde so highly the redinesse of
our wille and power at alle tymes to your plesaunce, and        #
thankyn
vs therof so hertely, that treuly, saue oonly our preier to hym
that al good quiteth, neuer was it, ne mighte it halfe be       #
deserued.
<P 75>
And aftur suing in your forsaid gracious lettres ye praye vs
eff[{e{]c[{t{]uelly to do enarme as mani smale vessels as we    #
may
with vitaille, and specially with drinke, for to come vp as     #
fer as
they may in to the riuer of seyne. And nat only this, but in    #
the 
conclusion of your soueraign lettres forsayd, ye fede vs so     #
bounteuesly
with behest shewyng of your good lordship to vs in tyme 
comyng, as ye haue euer don, that now and euer we shulle be the
joyfuller in this lyfe whan we remembre vs on so noble a grace.
O how may the simplesse of pouere lieges better or mor clerly
conceyue the graciouse loue and fauorable tendresse of the kyng
her soueraign lord, than to here how your most excellent &      #
noble
persone, more worthi to vs than alle wordly richesse or         #
plente, in
so thynne habondance of vitaill, homly disposed so graciously
and goodly declare and vttre vnto vs, that ar your liege men    #
and
subgitz, your plein luste and plesaunce, as it is in your sayd  #
noble
lettres worthily conteyned. Certein trewe liege man is +ter     #
non,
ne feithful subgit coude +ter non ne durste tarie or be         #
lachesse in
any wyse to the effectuell praier or comaundement of so         #
soueraign
and high a lord, which his noble body peineth and knightly
auentureth for the right and welfare of vs alle. Oure most      #
dred,
most soueraign Lord and noblest kyng, plese it your soueraign   #
hignesse
to vnderstonde how that your forsaid kyngly praier as most
strait charge and comaundemant we willyng in alle pointes obeye
and execute; anon fro +te resceit of your sayd gracious         #
lettres,
which was +te xix day of August nigh none, vnto +te makyng of   #
+tese
symple lettres, what in getyng and enarmyng of as many smale
vessels as we myght, doyng brewe bo+te ale and bere, purveing
wyne and o+ter vitaille for to charge with +te same vessels, we
haue don our besie diligence and cure, as god wot. In which
vessels, wi+toute gret plente of o+ter vitails +tat men of      #
your cite
london auenturen, for refresshing of your host, to +te costes
<P 76>
where your soueraign presence is Inne, We lowely send wi+t
gladdest wille vnto your soueraign excellence and kyngly        #
mageste
by Johan credy and John Combe, poure officers of your sayd      #
Cite,
bringers of thes Lettres, Tritty botes of swete wyne, that is   #
to seye
ten of Tyre, ten of Romeney, ten of Maluesay, and a Thousand
pipes of ale and bere, with Thuo Thousand and five hundred
coppes for your hoost to drinke of, which we besech your high
excellence and noble grace for our alder comfort and gladnesse
benignely to resceyue and accepte, nat hauyng reward to +te     #
litelhed
or smale value of the yifte it self, which is simple, but to    #
+te
good will and high desir +tat +te poure yeuers +terof han to    #
+te
good spede, worship, and welfare of your most soueraign and
excellent persone, Of which spede and welfare, and al your      #
o+ter
kyngly lustes and plesaunces, we desire highly be the sayd      #
berers
of thes lettres, or o+ter whom your soueraign highnesse shal    #
like,
fully to be lerned and enfourmed. Our moost dred, most
soueraign lord and noblest kyng, we lowely besech the kyng of
heuen, whos body refused nat for our sauacion wordly peyne
Gilteles to endure, +tat he your graciouse persone, which for   #
our
alder good and proffit so knythly laboure+t, litel or noght     #
chargyng
bodily ease, in al worship and Honure euermore to kepe and
preserue. Writen al grauesende, vnder +te seal of mayralte of
your sayd Cite London, on +te day of +te Natiuite of our Lady   #
the
Blisful mayde. 
To the kyng our most dred
and most soueraign Lord.

<P 79>
[}XVIII}]
[} (\RESPONSIO LITTERE PRECEDENTIS.\) }]
[} [\DATE: 6 SEPT., 1419.\] }] 

   Our most dred and most souueraign ertly lord, we recomande 
vs vnto +te souueraign excellence of your kyngly mageste in +te
most humble and lowely wyse +tat any pouere or simple lieges
can best imagine or deuise, lowely thankyng your souueraign
excellence and noble grace of +te right gracious and right      #
confortable
lettres, which ye liked late to sende vs fro your town of
Maunt, be Johan Palyng. The which lettres, with al maner of
honour and lowely reuerence, we haue mekly resceyued and
vnderstonde. And trewely, most dred and souueraign lord,        #
gladder
ne moor confortable tithinges might neuer haue come, nor in
better tyme, for to satisfie and refresshe +te feruent desir    #
of your
poure lieges, +tat haue loong thrusted aftur knowlech of your
prosperite, than were your sayd gracious lettres, the which     #
amongs
al o+ter special graces most Principalich for our hertly        #
confort
conteyned +te souueraign hel+t and parfit prosperite of your    #
most
souueraign and gracious persone. The which Crist of his         #
souueraign
mercy and noble pite plese alwey to kepe in al maner of
worship and Joye. Our most dred and most souueraign erthly lord
whan we remembre vs hough +tat your kyngly might and power,
grounded in the trewe pees of god, is so vertuosly soonded      #
wi+t +te
spirit of meknesse in deuout and continuel thankyng of god in
al his soondes, and trust of good prayers of your peple, as     #
your
sayd lettres make gracious mencion: Trewely we ar meued be
as gret consideracion and as resonable cause as euer were liege
men to pray, as we haue and shulle yef god will, for +te good   #
and
gracious spede of your most excellent and gracious persone, And
to thanke god lowely +tat euer he sent vs so gracious and so
<P 80>
vertuose a souueraign lord to regne and haue lordship vp-on vs.
Our most dred and most souueraign lord, yef it like your        #
souueraign
highnesse to here of +tastat of your Citee london, Plese it
your kyngly mageste to conceyue +tat in more quiet ne pesibler
rest, as ferforth as absence of you +tat ar our most gracious &
most souueraign lord may suffre, was neuer erthly Citee nor     #
place,
blessed be god. Our most dred and most souueraign lord, we
lowely beseche god the kyng of pees, whos grace excedeth +te
merit of hem +tat pray, +tat he vouche-sauf your kyngly mageste
stabilissh in al vertu, and euermore kepe your most excelent &
souueraign persone in al Joy & prosperite to his plesaunce.
Writen at your sayd Citee of london, vnder +te seal of Mairalte
+terof, +te vi=e= day of Septembre.

To the Kynge our most dred      your pouere and humble lieges
and most souueraign Lord.       +te Mair Shirefs Aldremen & 
                                Commons of your Citee London.  



<B CMOTEST>
<Q M3 XX OLDT WYCOLD>
<N OLD TEST WYCL>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE OLD TESTAMENT.
THE HOLY BIBLE, CONTAINING THE OLD AND NEW
TESTAMENTS, WITH THE APOCRYPHAL BOOKS,
IN THE EARLIEST ENGLISH VERSIONS
MADE FROM THE LATIN VULGATE BY JOHN
WYCLIFFE AND HIS FOLLOWERS, VOL. I.
ED. J. FORSHALL AND F. MADDEN. 
OXFORD: UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1850. 
GENESIS I.1    - III.24  (SAMPLE 1)
GENESIS VI.1   - IX.29   (SAMPLE 2)
GENESIS XII.1  - XIV.20  (SAMPLE 3)
GENESIS XXII.1 - XXII.19 (SAMPLE 4)
NUMBERS XIII.1 - XIV.45  (SAMPLE 5)
NUMBERS XVI.1  - XVII.13 (SAMPLE 6)^]

[^THE VERSE NUMBER REFERENCES FOLLOW
THOSE OF THE AUTHORIZED VERSION.

IN PAGE CODES THE LETTER G STANDS FOR GENESIS, 
AND N FOR NUMBERS:    I,1G - GENESIS, I, 1; 
                   XIII,1N - NUMBERS, XIII, 1^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,1G>
[}HERE BIGYNNETH GENESIS.}]
[}CAP. I.}]

   In the bigynnyng God made of nou+gt
heuene and erthe. Forsothe the erthe was
idel and voide, and derknessis weren on
the face of depthe; and the Spiryt of the
Lord was borun on the watris. And God
seide, Li+gt be maad, and li+gt was maad.
And God sei+g the li+gt, that it was good,
and he departide the li+gt fro derknessis;
and he clepide the li+gt, dai, and the derknessis, 
ny+gt. And the euentid and morwetid 
was maad, o daie. And God seide,
The firmament be maad in the myddis of
watris, and departe watris fro watris. And
God made the firmament, and departide
the watris that weren vndur the firmament
fro these watris that weren on the firmament; 
and it was don so. And God
clepide the firmament, heuene. And the
euentid and morwetid was maad, the secounde 
dai. Forsothe God seide, The watris, 
that ben vndur heuene, be gaderid in
to o place, and a drie place appere; and
it was doon so. And God clepide the drie
place, erthe; and he clepide the gadryngis
togidere of watris, the sees. And God
sei+g that it was good; and seide, The erthe
brynge forth greene eerbe and makynge
seed, and appil tre makynge fruyt bi his
kynde, whos seed be in it silf on erthe;
and it was doon so. And the erthe brou+gte
forth greene erbe and makynge seed bi his
kynde, and a tre makynge fruyt, and ech
hauynge seed by his kynde. And God
sei+g that it was good. And the euentid
and morwetid was maad, the thridde dai.
Forsothe God seide, Li+gtis be maad in the
firmament of heuene, and departe tho the
dai and ni+gt; and be tho in to signes, and
tymes, and daies, and +geeris; and shyne
tho in the firmament of heuene, and li+gtne
tho the erthe; and it was doon so. And
God made twei grete li+gtis, the gretter li+gt
that it schulde be bifore to the dai, and
the lesse li+gt that it schulde be bifore to
the ni+gt; and (^God made^) sterris; and settide 
tho in the firmament of heuene, that
tho schulden schyne on erthe, and that
tho schulden be bifore to the dai and
ny+gt, and schulden departe li+gt and derknesse. 
And God sei+g that it was good.
And the euentid and the morwetid was
maad, the fourthe dai. 
<P I,20G>
Also God seide, The
watris brynge forth a crepynge beeste of
lyuynge soule, and a brid fleynge aboue
erthe vndur the firmament of heuene.
And God made of nou+gt grete whallis, and
ech lyuynge soule and mouable, whiche
the watris han brou+gt forth in to her
kyndis; and God made of nou+gt ech volatile 
bi his kynde. And God sei+g that it
was good; and blesside hem, and seide,
Wexe +ge, and be +ge multiplied, and fille +ge
the watris of the see, and briddis be multiplied 
on erthe. And the euentid and
the morwetid was maad, the fyuethe dai.
And God seide, The erthe brynge forth a
lyuynge soul in his kynde, werk beestis,
and crepynge beestis, and vnresonable
beestis of erthe, bi her kyndis; and it was
don so. And God made vnresonable beestis
of erthe bi her kyndes, and werk beestis,
and ech crepynge beeste of erthe in his
kynde. And God sei+g that it was good;
and seide, Make we man to oure ymage
and liknesse, and be he souereyn to the
fischis of the see, and to the volatilis of
heuene, and to vnresonable beestis of erthe,
and to ech creature, and to ech crepynge
beest, which is moued in erthe. And
God made of nou+gt a man to his ymage
and liknesse; God made of nou+gt a man,
to the ymage of God; God made of nou+gt
hem, male and female. And God blesside
hem, and seide, Encreesse +ge, and be +ge
multiplied, and fille +ge the erthe, and
make +ge it suget, and be +ge lordis to fischis
of the see, and to volatilis of heuene, and
to alle lyuynge beestis that ben moued
on erthe. And God seide, Lo! Y haue
+goue to +gou ech eerbe berynge seed on 
erthe, and alle trees that han in hem silf
the seed of her kynde, that tho be in to
mete to +gou; and to alle lyuynge beestis
of erthe, and to ech brid of heuene, and
to alle thingis that ben moued in erthe,
and in whiche is a lyuynge soule, that
tho haue to ete; and it was doon so.
And God sei+g alle thingis whiche he
made, and tho weren ful goode. And
the euentid and morwetid was maad, the
sixte day.

<P II,1G>
[}CAP. II.}]

   Therfor heuenes and erthe ben maad
perfit, and al the ournement of tho. And
God fillide in the seuenthe dai his werk
which he made; and he restide in the
seuenthe dai fro al his werk which he
hadde maad; and he blesside the seuenthe
dai, and halewide it; for in that dai God
ceesside of al his werk which he made of
nou+gt, that he schulde make. These
ben the generaciouns of heuene and of
erthe, in the day wherynne the Lord God
made heuene and erthe, and ech litil tre
of erthe bifore that it sprong out in erthe;
and he made ech erbe of the feeld bifore
that it buriownede. For the Lord God
had not reyned on erthe, and no man
was that wrou+gte erthe; but a welle
stiede out of the erthe, and moistide al
the hi+gere part of erthe. Therfor the
Lord God formede man of the sliym of
erthe, and brethide in to his face the
brething of lijf; and man was maad in to
a lyuynge soule. Forsothe the Lord God
plauntide at the bigynnyng paradis of
likyng, wherynne he settide man whom
he hadde formed. And the Lord God
brou+gte forth of the erthe ech tre fair in
si+gt, and swete to ete; also he brou+gte forth
the tre of lijf in the middis of paradis,
and the tre of kunnyng of good and of
yuel. And a ryuer +gede out fro the place
of likyng to moyste paradis, which ryuer
is departid fro thennus in to foure heedis.
The name of the o ryuer is Fyson, thilke
it is that cumpassith al the lond of Euilath, 
where gold cometh forth, and the
gold of that lond is the beste, and there is
foundun (\delium\) , (^that is, a tree of spicerie^) ,
and the stoon onychyn; and the name
to the secounde ryuer is Gyon, thilke it
is that cumpassith al the loond of Ethiopie; 
forsothe the name of the thridde
ryuer is Tigris, thilke goith a+gens Assiriens; 
sotheli the fourthe ryuer is thilke
Eufrates. Therfor the Lord God took
man, and settide hym in paradis of likyng, 
that he schulde worche and kepe it.
And God comaundide to hym and seide,
Ete thou of ech tre of paradis; forsothe
ete thou not of the tre of kunnyng of good
and of yuel; for in what euere dai thou
schalt ete thereof, thou schalt die bi deeth.
And the Lord God seide, It is not good
that a man be aloone, make we to hym
an help lijk to hym silf. Therfor
whanne alle lyuynge beestis of erthe, and
alle the volatils of heuene weren formed
of erthe, the Lord God brou+gte tho to
Adam, that he schulde se what he schulde
clepe tho; for al thing that Adam clepide
of lyuynge soule, thilke is the name therof.
<P II,20G>
And Adam clepide bi her names alle lyuynge 
thingis, and alle volatils, and alle
vnresonable beestis of erthe. Forsothe to
Adam was not foundun an helpere lijk
hym. Therfore the Lord God sente sleep
in to Adam, and whanne he slepte, God
took oon of hise ribbis, and fillide fleisch
for it. And the Lord God bildide the rib
which he hadde take fro Adam in to a
womman, and brou+gte hir to Adam. And
Adam seide, This is now a boon of my
boonys, and fleisch of my fleisch; this
schal be clepid virago, for she is takun
of man. Wherfor a man schal forsake
fadir and modir, and schal cleue to his
wijf, and thei schulen be tweyne in o
fleisch. Forsothe euer eithir was nakid,
that is, Adam and his wijf, and thei
weren not aschamed.

<P III,1G>
[}CAP III.}]

   But and the serpent was feller than alle
lyuynge beestis of erthe, whiche the Lord
God hadde maad. Which serpent seide
to the womman, Why comaundide God to
+gou, that +ge schulden not ete of ech tre of
paradis? To whom the womman answerde,
We eten of the fruyt of trees that ben in
paradis; sothely God comaundide to vs,
that we schulden not ete of the fruyt of
the tre, which is in the myddis of paradijs, 
and that we schulden not touche it,
lest perauenture we dien. Forsothe the
serpent seide to the womman, +Ge schulen
not die bi deeth; for whi God woot that
in what euere dai +ge schulen ete therof,
+goure i+gen schulen be opened, and +ge schulen
be as Goddis, knowynge good and yuel.
Therfor the womman sei+g that the tre was
good, and swete to ete, and fair to the
i+gen, and delitable in biholdyng; and sche
took of the fruyt therof, and eet, and +gaf
to hir hosebonde, and he eet. And the
i+gen of bothe weren openid; and whanne
thei knewen that thei weren nakid, thei
sewiden the leeues of a fige tre, and maden
brechis to hem silf. And whanne thei
herden the vois of the Lord God goynge
in paradijs at the wynd after myddai,
Adam and his wijf hidden hem fro the
face of the Lord God in the middis of the
tre of paradijs. And the Lord God
clepide Adam, and seide to hym, Where
art thou? And Adam seide, Y herde thi
vois in paradijs, and Y drede, for Y was
nakid, and Y hidde me. To whom the
Lord seide, Who forsothe schewide to
thee that thou were nakid, no but for
thou hast ete of the tre of which Y comaundide 
to thee that thou schuldist not
ete? And Adam seide, The womman
which thou +gauest felowe to me, +gaf me of
the tre, and Y eet. And the Lord seide to
the womman, Whi didist thou this thing?
Which answerde, The serpent disseyued
me, and Y eet. And the Lord God seide
to the serpent, For thou didist this, thou
schalt be cursid among alle lyuynge thingis
and vnresonable beestis of erthe; thou
schalt go on thi brest, and thou schalt ete
erthe in alle daies of thi liif; Y schal
sette enemytees bitwixe thee and the womman, 
and bitwixe thi seed and hir seed;
sche schal breke thin heed, and thou schalt
sette aspies to hir heele. Also God seide
to the womman, Y schal multiplie thi
wretchidnessis and thi conseyuyngis; in
sorewe thou schalt bere thi children; and
thou schalt be vndur power of the hosebonde, 
and he schal be lord of thee. Sothely
God seyde to Adam, For thou herdist the
voys of thi wijf, and hast ete of the tree,
of which Y comaundide to thee that thou
schuldist not ete, the erthe schal be cursid
in thi werk; in traueylis thou schalt ete
therof in alle daies of thi lijf; it schal
brynge forth thornes and breris to thee,
and thou schalt ete eerbis of the erthe; in
swoot of thi cheer thou schalt ete thi
breed, til thou turne a+gen in to the erthe
of which thou art takun; for thou art
dust, and thou schalt turne a+gen in to dust.
<P III,20G>
And Adam clepide the name of his wijf
Eue, for sche was the moder of alle men
lyuynge. And the Lord God made cootis
of skynnys to Adam and Eue his wijf,
and clothide hem; and seide, Lo! Adam
is maad as oon of vs, and knowith good
and yuel; now therfore (^se +ge^) , lest perauenture 
he putte his hond, and take of
the tre of lijf, and ete, and lyue with
outen ende. And the Lord God sente
hym out of paradijs of likyng, that he
schulde worche the erthe, of which he was
takun. And God castide out Adam, and
settide bifore paradis of lykyng cherubyn, 
and a swerd of flawme and turnynge 
aboute to kepe the weie of the tre
of lijf.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P VI,1G>
[}CAP. VI.}]

   Forsothe Noe whanne he was of fyue
hundrid +geer gendride Sem, Cham, and Jafeth.
And whanne men bigunnen to be
multiplied on erthe, and hadden gendrid
dou+gtris, the sones of God sei+gen the dou+gtris 
of men that thei weren faire, and
token wyues to hem of alle whiche thei
hadden chose. And God seide, My spirit
schal not dwelle in man with outen ende,
for he is fleisch; and the daies of hym
schulen be an hundrid and twenti +geer.
Sotheli giauntis weren on erthe in tho
daies, forsothe aftir that the sones of God
entriden to the dou+gtris of men, and tho
dou+gtris gendriden; these weren my+gti of
the world and famouse men. Sotheli God
sei+g that myche malice of men was in
erthe, and that al the thou+gt of herte was
ententif to yuel in al tyme, and repentide
him that he hadde maad man in erthe;
and God was war bifore a+gens tyme to
comyng, and was touchid with sorewe of
herte with ynne; and seide, Y schal do
awei man, whom Y made of nou+gt, fro the
face of the erthe, fro man til to lyuynge
thingis, fro crepynge beeste til to the
briddis of heuene; for it repentith me
that Y made hem. Forsothe Noe foond
grace bifore the Lord. These ben the generaciouns 
of Noe. Noe was a iust man
and perfit in hise generaciouns; Noe +gede
with God, and gendride thre sones, Sem,
Cam, and Jafeth. Forsothe the erthe was
corrupt bifore God, and was fillid with
wickidnes. And whanne God sei+g, that
the erthe was corrupt, for ech fleisch
(^ether man^) hadde corrupt his weie on
erthe, he seide to Noe, The ende of al
fleisch is comen bifore me; the erthe is
fillid with wickidnesse of the face of hem,
and Y schal distrye hem with the erthe.
Make thou to thee a schip of trees hewun
and planed; thou schalt make dwellynge
placis in the schip, and thou schalt anoynte
it with pitche with ynne and with outforth. 
And so thou schalt make it. The
lengthe of the schip schal be of thre hundrid 
cubitis, the brede schal be of fifti
cubitis, and the hi+gnesse therof schal be
of thretti cubitis. Thou schalt make a
wyndow in the schip, and thou schalt
ende the hi+gnesse therof in a cubite; sotheli 
thou schalt sette the dore of the
schip in the side binethe; thou shalt make
soleris and placis of thre chaumbris in the
schip. Lo! Y schal brynge watris of diluuye 
(^ether greet flood^) on erthe, and
Y schal sle ech fleisch in which is the spirit 
of lijf vndir heuene, and alle thingis
that ben in erthe, schulen be wastid. And
Y schal sette my couenaunt of pees with
thee; and thou schalt entre in to the
schip, and thy sones, and thi wijf, and the
wiues of thi sones schulen entre with thee.
And of alle lyuynge beestis of al fleisch
thou schalt brynge in to the schip tweyne
and tweyne, of male kynde and female,
that thei lyue with thee; 
<P VI,20G>
of briddis bi her
kynde, and of werk beestis in her kynde,
and of ech crepynge beeste of erthe, by
her kynde; tweyne and tweyne of alle
schulen entre with thee, that thei moun
lyue. Therfore thou schalt take with thee
of alle metis that moun be etun, and thou
schalt bere to gidre at thee, and tho schulen
be as well to thee as to the beestis in to
mete. Therfor Noe dide alle thingis whiche
God comaundide to hym.

<P VII,1G>
[}CAP. VII.}]

   Also the Lord seide to Noe, Entre thou
and al thin hous in to the schip, for Y
sei+g thee iust bifore me in this generacioun.
Of alle clene lyuynge beestis thou
schalt take bi seuene and bi seuene, male
and female; forsothe of vnclene lyuynge
beestis thou schalt take bi tweyne and bi
tweyne, male and female; but also of volatils
of heuene thou schalt take, be seuene
and bi seuene, male and female, that her
seed be saued on the face of al erthe. For
+git and aftir seuene daies Y schal reyne on
erthe fourti daies and fourti ny+gtis, and Y
schal do awey al substaunce which Y made,
fro the face of erthe. Therfor Noe dide
alle thingis whiche the Lord comaundide
to hym. And he was of sixe hundrid
+geer, whanne the watris of the greet flood
flowiden on erthe. And Noe entride in
to the schip, and hise sones, and hise wijf,
and the wyues of his sones, entriden with
him for the watris of the greet flood. And
of lyuynge beestis clene and vnclene, and
of briddis of heuene, and of ech beeste
which is moued on erthe, bi tweyne and
bi tweyne, male and female entriden to
Noe in to the schip, as the Lord comaundide 
to Noe. And whanne seuene
daies hadden passid, the watris of the
greet flood flowiden on erthe. In the sixe
hundrid +geer of the lijf of Noe, in the
secunde moneth, in the seuententhe dai of
the moneth, alle the wellis of the greet see
weren brokun, and the wyndowis of heuene 
weren opened, and reyn was maad
on erthe fourti daies and fourti ny+gtis. In
the ende of that dai Noe entride, and Sem,
Cham, and Japheth, hise sones, his wijf,
and the wyues of hise sones, entriden with
hem into the schip. Thei entriden, and
ech beeste bi his kynde, and alle werk
beestis in her kynde, and ech beeste which
is moued on erthe in his kynde, and ech
volatil bi his kynde; alle briddis and alle
volatils entriden to Noe in to the schip,
bi tweyne and bi tweyne of ech fleisch in
whiche the spirit of lijf was. And tho
that entriden, entriden male and female of
ech fleisch, as God comaundide to hym.
And the Lord encloside hym fro with outforth. 
And the greet flood was maad
fourti daies and fourti ni+gtis on erthe, and
the watris weren multiplied, and reiseden
the schip on hi+g fro erthe. The watris
flowiden greetli, and filliden alle thingis in
the face of erthe.  Forsothe the schip was
borun on the watris. And the watris
hadden maistrie greetli on erthe, and alle
hi+ge hillis vndur alle heuene weren hilid;
<P VII,20G>
the watyr was hi+gere bi fiftene cubitis ouer
the hilis whiche it hilide. And ech fleisch
was wastid that was moued on erthe, of
briddis, of lyuynge beestis, of vnresonable
beestis, and of alle reptilis that crepen on
erthe. Alle men, and alle thingis in whiche
the brething of lijf was in erthe, weren
deed. And God dide awei al substaunce
that was on erthe, fro man til to beeste,
as wel a crepynge beeste as the briddis of
heuene; and tho weren doon awei fro
erthe. Forsothe Noe dwellide aloone, and
thei that weren with hym in the schip.
And the watris of the greet flood ouere+geden 
the erthe an hundrid and fifti daies.

<P VIII,1G>
[}CAP. VIII.}]

   Forsothe the Lord hadde mynde of Noe,
and of alle lyuynge beestis, and of alle
werk beestis, that weren with hym in the
schip; and brou+gte a wynd on the erthe.
And watris weren decreessid, and the
wellis of the see weren closid, and the
wyndowis of heuene weren closid, and
reynes of heuene weren ceessid. And watrys 
turneden a+gen fro erthe, and +geden
a+gen, and bigunnen to be decreessid aftir
an hundrid and fifti daies. And the schip
restide in the seuenthe monthe, in the seuene 
and twentithe dai of the monthe, on
the hillis of Armenye. And sotheli the
watrys +geden and decresiden til to the
tenthe monethe, for in the tenthe monethe,
in the firste dai of the monethe, the coppis
of hillis apperiden. And whanne fourti
daies weren passid, Noe openyde the wyndow 
of the schip which he hadde maad,
and sente out a crowe, which +gede out,
and turnede not a+gen til the watris weren
dried on erthe. Also Noe sente out a culuer
aftir hym, to se if the watris hadden
ceessid thanne on the face of erthe; and
whanne the culuer foond not where hir
foot schulde reste, sche turnede a+gen to
hym in to the schip, for the watris weren
on al erthe; and Noe helde forth his
hoond, and brou+gte the culuer takun in to
the schip. Sotheli whanne othere seuene
daies weren abedun aftirward, eft he leet
out a culuer fro the schip; and sche cam
to  hym at euentid, and bare in hir mouth
a braunche of olyue tre with greene leeuys.
Therfor Noe vndirstood that the watris
hadden ceessid on erthe; and neuerthelesse
he abood seuene othere daies, and
sente out a culuer, which turnede no more
a+gen to hym. Therfor in the sixe hundrid
and o +geer of the lijf of Noe, in the firste
monethe, in the firste day of the monethe,
watris weren decreessid on erthe; and Noe
openede the roof of the schip, and bihelde
and sei+g that the face of the erthe was
dried. In the secunde monethe, in the
seuene and twentithe dai of the monethe,
the erthe was maad drie. Sotheli the
Lord spak to Noe; and seide, Go out of
the schip, thou, and thi wijf, thi sones,
and the wyues of thi sones with thee; and
lede out with thee alle lyuynge beestis
that ben at thee of ech fleisch, as wel in
volatilis as in vnresonable beestis, and alle
reptils that crepen on erthe; and entre
+ge on the erthe, encreesse +ge, and be +ge
multiplied on erthe. Therfor Noe +gede
out, and hise sones, and his wijf, and the
wyues of hise sones with hym; but also
alle lyuynge beestis, and werk beestis, and
reptils that crepen on erthe, bi her kynde,
+geden out of the schip. 
<P VIII,20G>
Forsothe Noe
bildide an auter to the Lord, and he took
of alle clene beestis and briddis, and offride
brent sacrifices on the auter. And the
Lord sauerede the odour of swetnesse, and
seide to hym, Y schal no more curse the
erthe for men, for the wit and thou+gt of
mannus herte ben redi in to yuel fro +gong
wexynge age; therfor Y schal no more
smyte ech lyuynge soule as Y dide; in
alle the daies of erthe, seed and ripe
corn, coold and heete, somer and wyntir,
ny+gt and dai, shulen not reste.

<P IX,1G>
[}CAP. IX.}]

   And God blisside Noe and hise sones,
and seide to hem, Encreesse +ge, and be +ge
multiplied, and fille +ge the erthe; and
+goure drede and tremblyng be on alle vnresonable 
beestis of erthe, and on alle
briddis on heuene, with alle thingis that
ben moued in erthe; alle fischis of the
see ben +gouun to +goure hond. And al
thing which is moued and lyueth schal be
to +gou in to mete; Y have +goue to +gou
alle thingis as greene wortis, outakun that
+ge schulen not ete fleisch with blood, for
Y schal seke the blood of +goure lyues of
the hoond of alle vnresonable beestis and
of the hoond of man, of the hoond of man
and of hys brother Y schal seke the lijf
of man. Who euere schedith out mannus
blood, his blood schal be sched; for man 
is maad to the ymage of God. Forsothe 
encreesse +ge, and be +ge multiplied,
and entre +ge on erthe, and fille +ge it,
Also the Lord seide thes thingis to Noe,
and to his sones with him, Lo! Y schal
make my couenaunt with +gou, and with
+gour seed after +gou, and to ech lyuynge
soule which is with +gou, as wel in
briddis as in werk beestis and smale
beestis of erthe, and to alle thingis that
+geden out of the schip, and to alle vnresonable 
beestis of erthe. Y schal make
my couenaunt with +gou, and ech fleisch
schal no more be slayn of the watris of
the greet flood, nethir the greet flood distriynge 
al erthe schal be more. And God
seide, This is the signe of boond of pees,
which Y +gyue bitwixe me and you, and to
ech lyuynge soule which is with you, in
to euerlastynge generaciouns. Y schal
sette my bowe in the cloudis, and it schal
be a signe of boond of pees bitwixe me
and erthe; and whanne Y schal hile
heuene with cloudis, my bowe schal appere
in the cloudis, and Y schal haue
mynde of my boond of pees which Y made
with +gou, and with ech soule lyuynge, that
nurschith fleisch; and the watris of the
greet flood schulen no more be to do awey
al fleish. And my bowe schal be in the
cloudis, and Y schal se it, and Y schal haue
mynde of euerlastynge boond of pees,
which is maad bitwixe God and man,
and ech soul lyuynge of al fleisch which
is on erthe. And God seide to Noe, This
schal be a signe of boond of pees, which
Y made bitwixe me and ech fleisch on
erthe. Therfore thei that +geden out of
the schip weren Noe, Sem, Cham, and
Japheth; forsothe Cham, thilke is the fadir
of Chanaan. These thre weren the sones
of Noe, and al the kynde of men was
sowun of hem on al erthe. 
<P IX,20G>
And Noe, an
erthe tiliere, bigan to tile the erthe, and
he plauntide a viner, and he drank wyn,
and was drunkun; and he was nakid,
and lay in his tabernacle. And whanne
Cham, the fadir of Chanaan, hadde seien
this thing, that is, that the schameful
membris of his fadir weren maad nakid,
he telde to hise tweye britheren with out
forth. And sotheli Sem and Jafeth puttiden 
a mentil on her schuldris, and thei
+geden bacward, and hileden the schameful
membris of her fadir, and her faces weren
turned awei, and thei sien not the priuy
membris of her fadir. And forsothe Noe
wakide of the wyn, and whanne he hadde
lerned what thingis his lesse sone hadde
do to hym, he seide, Cursid be the child
Canaan, he schal be seruaunt of seruauntis
to hise britheren. And Noe seide, Blessid
be the Lord God of Sem, and Chanaan be
the seruaunt to Sem; God alarge Jafeth,
and dwelle in the tabernaclis of Sem, and
Chanaan be seruaunt of hym. Forsothe
Noe lyuede aftir the greet flood thre hundrid
and fifti +geer; and alle the daies of
hym weren fillid nyn hundrid and fifty
+geer, and he was deed.

<S SAMPLE 3> 
<P XII,1G>
[}CAP. XII.}]

   Forsothe the Lord seide to Abram, Go
thou out of thi lond, and of thi kynrede,
and of the hous of thi fadir, and come
thou in to the lond which Y schal schewe
to thee; and Y schal make thee in to a
greet folk, and Y schal blisse thee, and Y
schal magnyfie thi name, and thou schalt
be blessid; Y schal blesse hem that blessen
thee, and Y schal curse hem that cursen
thee; and alle kynredis of erthe schulen
be blessid in thee. And so Abram +gede
out, as the Lord comaundide hym, and
Loth +gede with hym. Abram was of
thre scoor +geer and fiftene whanne he
+gede out of Aran. And he took Saray,
his wijf, and Loth, the sone of his brother,
and al the substaunce which thei hadden
in possessioun, and the men whiche thei
hadden bigete in Aran; and thei +geden
out that thei schulen go in to the loond of
Chanaan. And whanne they camen in to
it, Abram passide thorou the lond til to
the place of Sichem, and til to the noble
valey. Forsothe Chananei was thanne in
the lond. Sotheli the Lord apperide to
Abram, and seide to hym, Y schal +gyue
this lond to thi seed. And Abram bildide
there an auter to the Lord, that apperide
to hym. And fro thennus he passide forth
to the hil Bethel, that was a+gens the eest,
and settide there his tabernacle, hauynge
Bethel fro the west, and Hay fro the eest.
And he bildide also there an auter to
the Lord, and inwardli clepide his name.
And Abram +gede goynge and goynge forth
ouer to the south. Sotheli hungur was
maad in the lond; and Abram +gede doun
in to Egipt, to be a pilgrime ther, for hungur 
hadde maistrie in the lond. And
whanne he was ny+g to entre in to Egipt,
he seide to Saray, his wijf, Y knowe that
thou art a fair womman, and that whanne
Egipcians schulen se thee, thei schulen
seie, it is his wijf, and thei schulen sle me,
and schulen reserue thee. Therfor, Y biseche 
thee, seie thou, that thou art my
sistir, that it be wel to me for thee, and
that my lijf lyue for loue of thee. And
so whanne Abram hadde entrid in to Egipt,
Egipcians sien the womman that sche was
ful fair; and the prynces telden to Farao,
and preiseden hir anentis him; and the
womman was takun vp in to the hous of
Farao. Forsothe thei vsiden wel Abram
for hir; and scheep, and oxun, and assis,
and seruauntis, and seruauntessis, and sche
assis, and camels weren to hym. Forsothe
the Lord beet Farao and his hous with
moste veniaunces, for Saray, the wijf of
Abram. And Farao clepide Abram, and
seide to hym, What is it that thou hast
do to me? whi schewidist thou not to me,
that sche was thi wijf? for what cause
seidist thou, that sche was thi sister, that
Y schulde take hir in to wife to me? Now
therfor lo! thi wiif; take thou hir, and
go. 
<P XII,20G>
And Farao comaundide to men on
Abram, and thei ledden forth hym, and
his wijf, and alle thingis that he hadde.

<P XIII,1G>
[}CAP. XIII.}]

   Therfore Abram stiede fro Egipt, he,
and his wijf, and alle thingis that he hadde;
and Loth stiede with hym, to the south
coost. Forsothe he was ful riche in possessyoun 
of siluer and of gold. And he
turnede a+gen bi the weye in which he cam
fro the south in to Bethel, til to the
place, in which bifore he hadde sett tabernacle,
bitwixe Bethel and Hay, in the
place of the auter which he made bifore,
and inwardli clepide there the name of
the Lord. But also flockis of scheep, and
droues of oxun, and tabernaclis weren to
Loth, that was with Abram; and the lond
mi+gte not take hem, that thei schulden
dwelle to gidre, for the catel of hem was
myche, and thei mi+gten not dwelle in
comyn. Wherfor also strijf was maad bitwixe 
the keperis of flockis of Abram and
of Loth. Forsothe Chananei and Feresei
dwelliden in that lond in that tyme. Therfor 
Abram seide to Loth, Y biseche, that
no strijf be bitwixe me and thee, and bitwixe 
my scheepherdis and thi scheepherdis; 
for we ben britheren. Lo! al the
lond is bifore thee, Y biseche, departe thou
fro me; if thou go to the left side, Y schal
holde the ri+gt side; if thou chese the
ri+gt side, Y schal go to the left side. And
so Loth reiside hise i+gen, and sei+g aboute
al the cuntrei of Jordan, which was al
moistid, bifor that the Lord distriede Sodom
and Gomorre, as paradis of the Lord,
and as Egipt, as men comen in to Segor.
And Loth chees to him the cuntre aboute
Jordan, and departide fro the eest; and
thei weren departid ech fro his brother.
Abram dwellide in the lond of Chanaan;
sotheli Loth dwellide in townes aboute
Jordan, and wonide in Sodom. Forsothe
men of Sodom weren ful wickid, and synneris 
greetly bifore the Lord. And the
Lord seide to Abram, aftir that Loth was
departid fro him, Reise thin i+gen forth
ri+gt, and se fro the place in which thou
art now, to the north and south, to the
eest and west; Y schal +gyue al the lond
which thou seest to thee and to thi seed,
til in to with outen ende. And Y schal
make thi seed as the dust of erthe; if
ony man may noumbre the dust of erthe,
also he schal mowe noumbre thi seed.
Therfor rise thou, and passe thorou the
lond in his lengthe and breede, for Y schal
+gyue it to thee. Therfor Abram, mouynge
his tabernacle, cam and dwellide bisidis
the valei of Mambre, which is in Ebron;
and he bildide there an auter to the
Lord.

<P XIV,1G>
[}CAP. XIV.}]

   Forsothe it was don in that tyme, that
Amrafel, kyng of Sennaar, and Ariok,
kyng of Ponte, and Chodorlaomor, kyng of
Elemytis, and Tadal, kyng of folkis, bigunnen 
batel a+gens Bara, kyng of Sodom, and
a+gens Bersa, kyng of Gomorre, and a+gens
Sennaar, kyng of Adama, and a+gens Semeber,
kyng of Seboym, and a+gens the
kyng of Bale; thilke Bale is Segor. Alle
these camen togidre in to the valey of
wode, which is now the see of salt. For
in twelue +geer thei seruyden Chodorlaomor,
and in the threttenthe +geer thei departiden
fro hym. Therfor Chodorlaomor cam in
the fourtenthe +geer, and kyngis that weren
with him, and thei han smyte Rafaym in
Astaroth Carnaym, and Susym with hem,
and Emym in Sabe Cariathaym, and Choreis
in the hillis of Seir, til to the feldi
placis of Faran, which is in wildirnesse.
And thei turneden a+gen, and camen til to
the welle Mesphath; thilke is Cades. And
thei han smyte al the cuntre of men of
Amalec, and Amorrei, that dwellide in Asason
Thamar. And the kyng of Sodom,
and the king of Gomorre, and the kyng of
Adama, and the kyng of Seboym, also and
the kyng of Bale, which is Segor, +geden
out, and dressiden scheltrun a+gens hem in
the valei of wode, that is, a+gens Chodorlaomor,
kyng of Elamytis, and Thadal, kyng
of folkis, and Amrafel, kyng of Sennaar,
and Ariok, kyng of Ponte; foure kyngis
a+gens fyue. Forsothe the valey of the
wode hadde many pittis of pitche; and
so the kyng of Sodom and the kyng of
Gomorre turneden the backis, and felden
doun there; and thei that leften fledden
to the hil. Sotheli thei token awei al the
catel of Sodom and Gomorre, and alle
thingis that perteynen to mete, and +geden
awei; also and thei token awey Loth and
his catel, the sone of the brother of Abram,
which Loth dwellide in Sodom. And,
lo! oon that ascapide, telde to Abram
Ebrew, that dwellide in the valei of
Mambre of Amorrei, brother of Escol, and
brother of Aner; for these maden couenaunt
of pees with Abram. And whanne
Abram hadde herd this thing, that is, Loth
his brothir takun, he noumbride his borun
seruauntis maad redy thre hundrid and
ei+gtene, and pursuede hem til to Dan.
And whanne his felowis weren departid,
he felde on hem in the ni+gt, and he smoot
hem, and pursuede hem til to Hoba, and
Fenyce, which is at the left side of Damask.
And he brou+gte a+gen al the catel,
and Loth his brother with his catel, also
wymmen and the puple. Sotheli the kyng
of Sodom +gede out in to the metyng of
him, after that he turnede a+gen fro sleyng
Of Chodorlaomor, and of kyngis that weren
with him, in the valei of Sabe, which is
the valey of the kyng. And sotheli Melchisedech, 
kyng of Salem, brou+gte forth
breed and wyn, for he was the preest of
hi+geste God; 
<P XIV,20G>
and he blesside Abram, and
seide, Blessid be Abram of hi+g God, that
made heuene and erthe of nou+gt, and blessid
be hi+g God, bi whom defendynge, enemyes
ben bitakun in thin hondis. And Abram
+gaf tithis of alle thingis to hym. 

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P XXII,1G>
[}CAP. XXII.}]

   And aftir that these thingis weren don,
God assaiede Abraham, and seide to hym,
Abraham! Abraham! He answerde, Y am
present. God seide to him, Take thi sone
oon gendrid, whom thou louest, Ysaac;
and go into the lond of visioun, and offre
thou hym there in to brent sacrifice, on
oon of the hillis whiche Y schal schewe to
thee. Therfor Abraham roos bi ni+gt, and
sadlide his asse, and ledde with hym twey
+gonge men, and Ysaac his sone; and whanne
he hadde hewe trees in to brent sacrifice,
he +gede to the place which God hadde comaundid
to him. Forsothe in the thridde
dai he reiside hise i+gen, and sei+g a place
afer; and he seide to hise children, Abide
+ge here with the asse, Y and the child
schulen go thidur; and aftir that we han
worschipid, we schulen turne a+gen to +gou.
And he took the trees of brent sacrifice,
and puttide on Ysaac his sone; forsothe
he bar fier, and a swerd in hise hondis.
And whanne thei tweyne +geden togidere,
Isaac seide to his fadir, My fadir! And
he answerde, What wolt thou, sone? He
seide, Lo! fier and trees, where is the
beeste of brent sacrifice? Abraham seide,
My sone, God schal puruey to hym the
beeste of brent sacrifice. Therfor thei
+geden togidere, and camen to the place
whiche God hadde schewid to hym, in
which place Abraham bildide an auter,
and dresside trees aboue; and whanne he
hadde bounde togidere Ysaac, his sone, he
puttide Ysaac in the auter, on the heep
of trees. And he helde forth his hond, and
took the swerd to sacrifice his sone. And
lo! an aungel of the Lord criede fro
heuene, and seide, Abraham! Abraham!
Which answerde, I am present. And the
aungel seide to hym, Holde thou not forth
thin honde on the child, nether do thou
ony thing to him; now Y haue knowe
that thou dredist God, and sparidist not
thin oon gendrid sone for me. Abraham
reiside hise i+gen, and he sei+g bihynde his
bak a ram cleuynge bi hornes among
breris, which he took, and offride brent
sacrifice for the sone. And he clepide
the name of that place, The Lord seeth;
wherfore it is seyd, til to dai, The Lord
schal see in the hil. Forsothe the aungel
of the Lord clepide Abraham the secounde
tyme fro heuene, and seide, The Lord
seith, Y haue swore bi my silf, for thou
hast do this thing, and hast not sparid
thin oon gendrid for me, Y schal blesse
thee, and Y schal multiplie thi seed as the
sterris of heuene, and as grauel which is
in the brynk of the see; thi seed schal
gete the +gatis of hise enemyes; and alle
the folkis of erthe schulen be blessid in thi
seed, for thou obeiedist to my vois. Abraham
turnede a+gen to hise children, and
thei +geden to Bersabee togidere, and he
dwellide there. 

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P XIII,1N>
[}CAP. XIII.}]

   And the puple +gede forth fro Asseroth,
whanne the tentis weren set in the deseert
of Pharan. And there the Lord
spak to Moises, and seide, Sende thou men
that schulen biholde the lond of Canaan,
which Y schal +gyue to the sones of Israel,
of ech lynage o man of the princes.
Moises dide that that the Lord comaundide,
and sente fro the deseert of Pharan
princes, men of whiche these ben the
names. Of the lynage of Ruben, Semmya,
the sone of Zectur. Of the lynage of Symeon,
Saphat, the sone of Hury. Of the
lynage of Juda, Caleph, the sone of Jephone.
Of the lynage of Isachar, Igal,
the sone of Joseph. Of the lynage of Effraym,
Osee, the sone of Nun. Of the
lynage of Beniamyn, Phalti, the sone of
Raphu. Of the lynage of Zabulon, Gediel,
the sone of Sodi. Of the lynage of
Joseph, of the gouernaunce of Manasses,
Gaddi, the sone of Susy. Of the lynage
of Dan, Amyel, the sone of Gemalli. Of
the lynage of Aser, Sur, the sone of Mychael.
Of the lynage of Neptalym, Nabdi,
the sone of Napsi. Of the lynage of Gad,
Guel, the sone of Machi. These ben the
names of men, which Moises sente to biholde
the lond of Canaan; and he clepide
Osee, the sone of Nun, Josue. Therfor
Moises sente hem to biholde the lond of
Canaan, and seide to hem, Stie +ge bi the
south coost; and whanne +ge comen to the
hillis, biholde +ge the lond, what manner lond
it is; and biholde +ge the puple which is
the dwellere therof, whether it is strong,
ethir feble, whether thei ben fewe in
noumbre, ether manye; (^whether^) that lond
is good, ethir yuel; what maner citees ben,
wallid, ether without wallis; 
<P XIII,20N>
(^whether^) the
lond is fat, ether bareyn, (^whether it is^)
ful of woodis, ethir without trees. Be +ge
coumfortid, and brynge +ge to vs of the
fruytis of that lond. Sotheli the tyme
was, whanne grapis first ripe my+gten be
etun thanne. And whanne thei hadden
stied, thei aspieden the lond, fro the deseert
of Syn til to Rohob, as men entryth 
to Emath. And thei stieden to
the south, and camen in to Ebron,
where Achyman, and Sisai, and Tholmai,
the sones of Enach, weren; for Hebron
was maad bi seuen +geer bifor Thamnys,
the citee of Egipt. And thei +geden til to
the stronde of clustre, and kittiden doun
a sioun with his grape, which twei men
baren in a barre; also thei token of
pumgarnadis, and of the figis of that place
which is clepid Nehelescol, that is, the
stronde of grape, for the sones of Israel
baren a clustre fro thennus. And the
aspieris of the lond, whanne thei hadden
cumpassid al the cuntrey, after fourti daies
camen to Moises and Aaron, and to al the
cumpany of the sones of Israel, in to the
deseert of Pharan which is in Cades. And
(^the aspieris^) spaken to hem, and schewiden
the fruytis of the lond to al the multitude,
and telden, and seiden, We camen
to the lond, to which thou sentest vs,
which lond treuli flowith with mylk and
hony, as it may be knowun bi these
fruytis; but it hath strongeste inhabiteris,
and grete cytees, and wallid; we
sien there the kynrede of Anachym;
Amalech dwellith in the south; Ethei, and
Jebusei, and Amorey (^dwellen^) in the hilli
placis; forsothe Cananey dwellith bisidis
the see, and bisidis the floodis of Jordan.
Among thes thingis Caleph peeside the
grutchyng of the puple, that was maad
a+gens Moises, and seide, Stie we, and
welde we the lond, for we moun gete it.
Forsothe other (^aspieris^) , that weren with
hym, seiden, We moun not stie to this
puple, for it is strongere than we. And
thei deprauyden the lond which thei hadden
biholde, anentis the sones of Israel,
and seiden, The lond which we cumpassiden
deuourith hise dwelleris; the puple
which we bihelden is of large stature;
there we syen summe wondris a+gens kynde,
of the sones of Enach, of the kynde of geauntis,
to whiche we weren comparisound,
and weren seien as locustis.

<P XIV,1N>
[}CAP. XIV.}]

   Therfor al the cumpeny criede, and
wepte in that ny+gt, and alle the sones of
Israel grutchiden a+gens Moises and Aaron,
and seiden, We wolden that we hadden
be deed in Egipt, and not in this waast
wildirnesse; we wolden that we perischen,
and that the Lord lede vs not
in to this lond, lest we fallen bi swerd,
and oure wyues and fre children ben led
prisoneris; whether it is not betere to
turne a+gen in to Egipt? And thei seiden
oon to another, Ordeyne we a duyk to vs,
and turne we a+gen in to Egipt. And
whanne this was herd, Moises and Aaron
felden lowe to erthe, bifor al the
multitude of the sones of Israel. And
sotheli Josue, the sone of Nun, and Caleph,
the sone of Jephone, whiche also cumpassiden
the lond, torenten her clothis,
and spaken to al the multitude of the
sones of Israel, The lond which we cumpassiden
is ful good; if the Lord is merciful
to vs, he schal lede vs in to it, and
schal +gyue (^to vs^) the lond flowynge with
mylk and hony. Nyle +ge be rebel a+gens
the Lord, nether drede +ge the puple of this
lond, for we moun deuoure hem so as
breed; al her help passide awei fro hem,
the Lord is with vs, nyle +ge drede. And
whanne al the multitude criede, and wolde
oppresse hem with stonys, the glorie of
the Lord apperide on the roof of the
boond of pees, while alle the sones of Israel
sien. And the Lord seide to Moises, Hou
long schal this puple bacbite me? Hou
longe schulen thei not bileue to me in alle
signes, whiche Y haue do bifor hem?
Therfor Y schal smyte hem with pestilence,
and Y schal waste (^hem^) ; forsothe
Y schal make thee prince on a greet
folk, and strongere than is this. And
Moises seide to the Lord, Egipcians here
not, fro whos myddil thou leddist out this
puple, and the dwelleris of this loond,
whiche herden that thou, Lord, art in
this puple, and art seyn face to face, and
that thi cloude defendith hem, and that
thou goist bifore hem in a pilere of cloude
bi dai, and in a piler of fier bi ny+gt, that
thou hast slayn so greet a multitude as o
man, and seie thei, He my+gte not brynge
this puple in to the lond for whiche he
swoor, therfor he killide hem in wildirnesse;
therfor the strengthe of the Lord
be magnified, as thou hast swore. And
Moises seide, Lord pacient, and of myche
mercy, doynge awei wickidnesse and trespassis,
and leeuynge no man vngilti,
which visitist the synnes of fadris in to
sones in to the thridde and fourthe generacioun,
Y biseche, for+gyue thou the synne
of this thi puple, aftir the greetnesse of thi
merci, as thou were merciful to men goynge
out of Egipt til to this place. And
<P XIV,20N>
the Lord seide, Y haue for+gouun to hem,
bi thi word. Y lyue; and the glorie of
the Lord schal be fillid in al erthe; netheles
alle men that sien my mageste,
and my signes, whiche Y dide in Egipt
and in the wildirnesse, and temptiden me
now bi ten sithis, and obeieden not to my
vois, schulen not se the lond for which Y
swore to her fadris, nethir ony of hem
that bacbitide me, schal se it. Y schal
lede my seruaunt Caleph, that was ful of
anothir spirit, and suede me, in to this
lond, which he cumpasside, and his seed
schal welde it. For Amalech and Cananei
dwellen in the valeis, to morewe moue
+ge tentis, and turne +ge a+gen in to wildirnesse
bi the weie of the reed see. And
the Lord spak to Moises and to Aaron,
and seide, Hou long grutchith this werste
multitude a+gens me? Y haue herd the
pleyntis of the sones of Israel. Therfor
seie thou to hem, Y lyue, seith the Lord;
as +ge spaken while Y herde, so Y schal do
to +gou; +goure careyns schulen ligge in
this wildirnesse. Alle +ge that ben noumbrid,
fro twenti +geer and aboue, and grutchiden
a+gens me, schulen not entre in to the
lond, on which Y reiside myn hond, that
Y schulde make +gou to dwelle outakun
Caleph, the sone of Jephone, and Josue,
the sone of Nun. Forsothe Y schal lede
in +goure litle children, of whiche +ge seiden
that thei schulden be preyes (^ethir raueyns^)
to enemyes, that thei se the lond
which displeside +gou. Forsothe +goure
careyns schulen ligge in the wildirnesse;
+goure sones schulen be walkeris aboute in
the deseert bi fourti +geer, and thei schulen
bere +goure fornycacioun, til the careyns of
the fadris ben wastid in the deseert, by
the noumbre of fourti daies, in whiche +ge
bihelden the loond; a +geer schal be arettid
for a dai, and bi fourti +geer +ge schulen
resseyue +goure wickidnesse, and +ge schulen
knowe my veniaunce. For as Y spak, so
Y schal do to al this werste multitude,
that roos togidere a+gens me; it schal faile,
and schal die in this wildirnesse. Therfor
alle the men whyche Moises hadde sent to
see the lond, and whiche turniden a+gen,
and maden al the multitude to grutche
a+gens hym, and depraueden the lond, that
it was yuel, weren deed, and smytun in
the si+gt of the Lord. Sotheli Josue, the
sone of Nun, and Caleph, the sone of Jephone,
lyueden, of alle men that +geden to
se the lond. And Moises spak alle these
wordis to alle the sones of Israel, and the
puple mourenyde gretli. 
<P XIV,40N>
And, lo! thei
riseden in the morewtid first, and stieden
in to the cop of the hil, and seiden, We
ben redi to stie to the place, of which the
Lord spak, for we synneden. To whiche
Moises seide, Whi passen +ge the word of
the Lord, that schal not bifalle to +gou in
to prosperite? Nyle +ge stie, for the Lord
is not with +gou, lest +ge fallen bifor +goure
enemyes. Amalech and Cananei ben bifor
+gou, bi the swerd of whiche +ge schulen
falle, for +ge nolden assente to the Lord,
nether the Lord schal be with +gou. And
thei weren maad derk, and stieden in to
the cop of the hil; forsothe the ark of the
testament of the Lord and Moises +geden
not awey fro the tentis. And Amalech
cam doun, and Chananei, that dwelliden in
the hil, and he smoot hem, and kittide
doun, and pursuede hem til Horma.

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P XVI,1N>
[}CAP. XVI.}]

   Lo! forsothe Chore, the sone of Isuar,
sone of Caath, sone of Leuy, and Dathan
and Abiron, the sones of Heliab, and Hon,
the sone of Pheleph, of the sones of Ruben,
rysen a+gens Moises, and othere of
the sones of Israel, two hundryd men and
fifti, prynces of the synagoge, and whiche
weren clepid bi names in the tyme of
counsel. And whanne thei hadden stonde
a+gens Moises and Aaron, thei seiden, Suffice
it to +gou, for al the multitude is of
hooly men, and the Lord is in hem; whi
ben +ge reisid on the puple of the Lord?
And whanne Moises hadde herd this, he
felde lowe on the face. And he spak
to Chore, and to al the multitude; he
seide, Eerli the Lord schal make knowun
whiche perteynen to hym, and he schal
applie to hym hooli men; and thei whiche
he hath chose, schulen nei+ge to hym.
Therfor do +ge this thing; ech man take
his cencere, thou Chore, and al thi counsel;
and to morewe whanne fier is takun
vp, putte +ge encense aboue bifor the Lord,
and whom euer the Lord chesith, he schal
be hooli. +Ge sones of Leuy ben myche
reisid. And eft Moises seide to Chore,
+Ge sones of Leuy, here. Whether it is
litil to +gou, that God of Israel departide
+gou fro al the puple, and ioynede (^+gou^) to
hym silf, that +ge schulden serue hym in
the seruyce of tabernacle, and that +ge
schulden stonde bifor the multitude of puple,
and schulden serue hym? Made he
therfor thee and alle thi bretheren the
sones of Leuy to nei+g to hym silf, that +ge
chalenge to +gou also preesthod, and al thi
gaderyng togidere stonde a+gens the Lord?
For whi what is Aaron, that +ge grutchen
a+gens hym? Therfor Moises sente to clepe
Dathan and Abiron, the sones of Heliab;
whiche answeriden, We comen not. Whethir
is it litil to thee, that thou leddist vs
out of the lond that flowide with mylk
and hony, to sle vs in the deseert, no but
also thou be lord of vs? Verili thou
hast brou+gt vs in to the lond that flowith
with streemys of mylk and hony, and
hast +goue to vs possessioun of feeldis, and
of vyneris; whethir also thou wolt putte
out oure i+gen? We comen not. And
Moises was wrooth greetli, and seide to
the Lord, Biholde thou not the sacrifices
of hem; thou wost that Y took neuere of
hem, +ghe, a litil asse, nethir Y turmentide
ony of hem. And Moises seide to Chore,
Thou and al thi congregacioun stonde
asidis half bifor the Lord, and Aaron to
morewe bi hym silf. Take +ge alle bi +gou
silf +goure censeris, and putte +ge encense
in tho, and offre +ge to the Lord, tweyn
hundrid and fifti censeris; and Aaron
holde his censer. And whanne thei hadden
do this, while Moises and Aaron
stoden, and thei hadden gaderid al the
multitude to the dore of the tabernacle 
a+gens hem, the glorie of the Lord apperide
to alle. 
<P XVI,20N>
And the Lord spak to
Moises and Aaron, and seide, Be +ge departid
fro the myddis of this congregacioun, 
that Y leese hem sodeynli. Whiche
felden lowe on the face, and seiden,
Strongeste God of the spiritis of al fleisch,
whethir thin yre schal be fers a+gens alle
men, for o man synneth? And the Lord
seide to Moises, Comaunde thou to al the
puple, that it be departid fro the tabernaclis
of Chore, and of Dathan, and of
Abiron. And Moises roos, and +gede to
Dathan and Abiron; and while the eldre
men of Israel sueden hym, he seide to the
cumpeny, Go +ge awey fro the tabernaclis of
wickid men, and nyle +ge touche tho thingis
that parteynen to hem, lest +ge ben wlappid
in the synnes of hem. And whanne thei
hadden gon awei fro the tentis of hem
bi the cumpas, Dathan and Abiron +geden
out, and stoden in the entryng of her
tentis, with wyues, and fre children, and
al the multitude. And Moises seide, In
this +ge schulen wite that the Lord sente
me, that Y schulde do alle thingis whiche
+ge seen, and Y brou+gte not forth tho of
myn owne herte. If thei perischen bi customable
deeth of men, and wounde visite
hem, bi which also othere men ben wont
to be visitid, the Lord sente not me; but
if the Lord doith a newe thing, that the
erthe opene his mouth, and swolewe hem,
and alle thingis that perteynen to hem, and
thei goen doun quyke in to helle, +ge schulen
wite that thei blasfemeden the Lord.
Therfor anoon as he cesside to speke, the
erthe was brokun vndur her feet, and the
erthe openyde his mouth, and deuowride
hem, with her tabernaclis, and al the
catel of hem; and thei +geden doun quike
in to helle, and (^weren^) hilid with erthe,
and perischiden fro the myddis of the
multitude. And sotheli al Israel that stood
bi the cumpas, fledde fro the cry of men
perischinge, and seide. Lest perauenture
the erthe swolewe also vs. But also fier
+gede out fro the Lord, and killide tweyn
hundrid and fifti men that offriden encense.
And the Lord spak to Moises,
and seide, Comaunde thou to Eleasar, sone
of Aaron, preest, that he take the censeris
that liggen in the brennyng, and that
he schatere the fier hidur and thidur; for
tho ben halewid in the dethis of synneris;
and that he bringe forth tho in
to platis, and naile to the auter, for encense
is offrid in tho to the Lord, and tho
ben halewid, that the sonis of Israel se
tho for a signe and memorial. Therfor
Eleazar, preest, took the brasun senseris,
in whiche (^censeris^) thei whiche the brennyng
deuouride hadden offrid, and he
brou+gt forth tho in to platis, and nailide
to the auter; 
<P XVI,40N>
that the sones of Israel
schulden haue (^thingis^) aftirward, bi whiche
thei schulden remembre, lest ony alien,
and which is not of the seed of Aaron,
nei+g to offre encense to the Lord, lest he
suffre, as Chore sufferide, and al his multitude,
while the Lord spak to Moises. Forsothe
al the multitude of the sones of Israel
grutchide in the dai suynge a+gens
Moises and Aaron, and seide, +Ge han slayn
the puple of the Lord. And whanne discensioun
roos, and noise encresside, Moises
and Aaron fledden to the tabernacle of
the boond of pees; and aftir that thei entriden
in to it, a cloude hilide the tabernacle,
and the glorie of the Lord apperide.
And the Lord seide to Moises and to
Aaron, Go +ge awey fro the myddis of this
multitude, also now Y schal do awey hem.
And whanne thei laien in the erthe,
Moises seide to Aaron, Take the censer,
and whanne fyer is takun vp of the auter,
caste encense aboue, and go soone to
the puple, that thou preye for hem; for
now ire is gon out fro the Lord, and the
wounde is feers. And whanne Aaron
hadde do this, and hadde runne to the
myddis of the multitude, which the brennynge
wastid thanne, he offeride encense;
and he stood bytwixe the deed men and
lyuynge, and bisou+gte for the puple, and
the wounde ceesside. Sotheli thei that
weren smytun weren fourtene thousynde
of men and seuene hundrid, withouten
hem that perischiden in the discencioun
of Chore. And Aaron turnyde a+gen to
Moyses, to the dore of the tabernacle of
boond of pees, aftir that the perischyng
restide.

<P XVII,1N>
[}CAP. XVII.}]

   And the Lord spak to Moises, and seide,
Speke thou to the sones of Israel, and take
thou +gerdis, bi her kynredis, bi ech kynrede
o +geerde, (^take thou^) of alle the princes
of the lynagis twelue +gerdis; and thou
schalt write the name of each (^lynage^)
aboue his +gerde; forsothe the name of
Aaron schal be in the lynage of Leuy,
and o +gerde schal conteyne alle the meynees
of hem. And thou schalt putte tho +gerdis
in the tabernacle of boond of pees, bifor
the witnessyng, where Y schal speke to
thee; the +gerde of hym schal buriowne,
whom Y schal chese of hem; and Y schal
refreyne fro me the playnyngis of the
sones of Israel, bi whiche thei grutchen
a+gens +gou. And Moyses spak to the sones
of Israel; and alle princes +gauen to hym
+gerdis, bi alle lynagis; and the +gerdis weren
twelue, without the +gerde of Aaron. And
whanne Moises hadde put tho +gerdis bifor
the Lord, in the tabernacle of witnessyng,
he +gede a+gen in the day suynge, and
founde that the +gerde of Aaron, in the
hows of Leuy, buriounnede; and whanne
knoppis weren greet, the blossoms hadden
broke out, whiche weren alargid in
leeuys, and weren fourmed in to alemaundis.
Therfor Moyses brou+gte forth
alle the +gerdis fro the si+gt of the Lord to al
the sones of Israel; and thei sien, and resseyueden
ech his +gerde. And the Lord
seide to Moises, Bere a+gen the +gerde of
Aaron in to the tabernacle of witnessyng,
that it be kept there in to the signe of
the rebel sones of Israel, and that her
playntis reste fro me, lest thei dien. And
Moises dide, as the Lord comaundide. Forsothe
the sones of Israel seiden to Moises,
Lo! we ben wastid, alle we perischiden;
who euer nei+geth to the tabernacle of the
Lord, he dieth; whethir we schulen be
doon awei alle til to deeth?



<B CMNTEST>
<Q M3 XX NEWT WYCNEW>
<N NEW TEST WYCL>
<A X>
<C M3>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1350-1420>
<K CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE NEW TESTAMENT.
THE NEW TESTAMENT IN ENGLISH ACCORDING
TO THE VERSION BY JOHN WYCLIFFE ABOUT
A. D. 1380 AND REVISED BY JOHN PURVEY
ABOUT A. D. 1388.
ED. J. FORSHALL AND F. MADDEN.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1879.
JOHN I.1 - XI,56^]

<P I,1>
[}JOHN}]
[}CAP.I.}]

   In the bigynnyng was the word, and the word was at God, 
and God was the word. This was in the bigynnyng at God.
Alle thingis weren maad bi hym, and withouten hym was
maad no thing, that thing that was maad. In hym was lijf, 
and the lijf was the li+gt of men, and the li+gt schyneth in    #
derknessis,
and derknessis comprehendiden not it. A man was
sent fro God, to whom the name was Joon. This man cam
in to witnessyng, that he schulde bere witnessing of the li+gt,
that alle men schulden bileue bi hym. He was not the li+gt,
but that he schulde bere witnessing of the li+gt. There was a 
very li+gt, which li+gtneth ech man that cometh in to this      #
world.
He was in the world, and the world was maad bi hym, and
the world knew hym not. He cam in to his owne thingis,
and hise resseyueden hym not. But hou many euer resseyueden
hym, he +gaf to hem power to be maad the sones of
God, to hem that bileueden in his name; the whiche not
of bloodis, nether of the wille of fleische, nether of the
wille of man, but ben borun of God. And the word was
maad man, and dwellyde among vs, and we han seyn the
glorie of hym, as the glorie of the oon bigetun sone of
the fadir, ful of grace and of treuthe. Joon berith witnessyng
of hym, and crieth, and seith, This is, whom Y seide, He that
schal come aftir me, is maad bifore me, for he was tofor me,
and of the plente of hym we alle han takun, and grace for
grace. For the lawe was +gouun bi Moises; but grace and
treuthe is maad bi Jhesu Crist. No man sai euer God, no
but the oon bigetun sone, that is in the bosum of the fadir,
he hath teld out. And this is the witnessyng of Joon, whanne
Jewis senten fro Jerusalem prestis and dekenes to hym, that
thei schulden axe hym, Who art thou? 
<P I,20>
He knoulechide,
and denyede not, and he knoulechide, For Y am not Crist.
And thei axiden hym, What thanne? Art thou Elie? And
he seide, Y am not. Art thou a profete? And he answeride,
Nay. Therfor thei seiden to hym, Who art thou? that we
+gyue an answere to these that senten vs. What seist thou of    #
thi
self? He seide, Y (^am^) vois of a crier in deseert, Dresse     #
+ge the
weie of the Lord, as Ysaie, the prophete, seide. And thei that
weren sent, weren of the Fariseis. And thei axiden hym,
and seiden to hym, What thanne baptisist thou, if thou art
not Crist, nether Elie, nether a profete? Joon answeride to
hem, and seide, Y baptise in watir, but in the myddil of +gou
hath stonde oon, that +ge knowen not; he it is, that schal
come aftir me, that was maad bifor me, of whom Y am
not worthi to louse the thwong of his schoo. These thingis
weren don in Bethanye bi+gende Jordan, whare Joon was           #
baptisyng. 
Anothir day Joon say Jhesu comynge to hym, and
he seide, Lo! the lomb of God; lo! he that doith awei the
synnes of the world. This is he, that Y seide of, Aftir me
is comun a man, which was maad bifor me; for he was
rather than Y. And Y knew hym not, but that he be schewid
in Israel, therfor Y cam baptisynge in watir. And Joon bar
witnessyng, and seide, That Y sei+g the spirit comynge doun
as a culuer fro heuene, and dwellide on hym. And Y knew
hym not; but he that sente me to baptise in watir, seide
to me, On whom thou seest the Spirit comynge doun, and
dwellynge on hym, this is he, that baptisith in the Hooli
Goost. And Y say, and bar witnessyng, that this is the sone
of God. Anothir dai Joon stood, and tweyne of hise disciplis; 
and he biheeld Jhesu walkinge, and seith, Lo! the
lomb of God. And twei disciplis herden hym spekynge, and
folewiden Jhesu. And Jhesu turnede, and say hem suynge
hym, and seith to hem, What seken +ge? And thei seiden to
hym, Rabi, that is to seie, Maistir, where dwellist thou? And   #
he
seith to hem, Come +ge, and se. And thei camen, and sayn
where he dwellide; and dwelten with hym that dai. And it
was as the tenthe our. 
<P I,40>
And Andrewe, the brother of Symount
Petir, was oon of the tweyne, that herden of Joon, and hadden
sued hym. This foond first his brother Symount, and he
seide to him, We han foundun Messias, that is to seie, Crist;
and he ledde him to Jhesu. And Jhesus bihelde hym, and
seide, Thou art Symount, the sone of Johanna; thou schalt
be clepid Cefas, that is to seie, Petre. And on the morewe
he wolde go out in to Galilee, and he foond Filip; and he
seith to hym, Sue thou me. Filip was of Bethsaida, the citee
of Andrew and of Petre. Filip foond Nathanael, and seide to 
hym, We han foundun Jhesu, the sone of Joseph, of Nazareth, 
whom Moyses wroot in the lawe and profetis. And
Nathanael seide to hym, Of Nazareth may sum good thing
be? Filip seide to hym, Come, and se. Jhesus si+g Nathanael
comynge to hym, and seide to hym, Lo! verili a man of
Israel, in whom is no gile. Nathanael seide to hym, Wherof
hast thou knowun me? Jhesus answerde, and seide to hym,
Bifor that Filip clepide thee, whanne thou were vndur the fige
tree, Y sai+g thee. Nathanael answerde to hym, and seide,
Rabi, thou art the sone of God, thou art kyng of Israel.
Jhesus answerde, and seide to hym, For Y seide to thee,
Y saw+g thee vndur the fige tre, thou bileuest; thou schalt
se more than these thingis. And he seide to hem, Treuli,
treuli, Y seie to +gou, +ge schulen se heuene opened, and the
aungels of God stiynge vp and comynge doun on mannys
sone.

<P II,1>
[}CAP. II.}]

   And the thridde dai weddyngis weren in the Cane of
Galilee; and the modir of Jhesu was there. And Jhesus was
clepid, and hise disciplis, to the weddyngis. And whanne
wijn failide, the modir of Jhesu seide to hym, Thei han not
wijn. And Jhesus seith to hir, What to me and to thee,
womman? myn our cam not +git. His modir seith to the
mynystris, What euere thing he seie to +gou, do +ge. And there
weren set sixe stonun cannes, aftir the clensyng of the Jewis,
holdynge ech tweyne ether thre metretis. And Jhesus seith
to hem, Fille +ge the pottis with watir. And thei filliden hem,
vp to the mouth. And Jhesus seide to hem, Drawe +ge now,
and bere +ge to the architriclyn. And thei baren. And whanne
the architriclyn hadde tastid the watir maad wiyn, and wiste
not wherof it was, but the mynystris wisten that drowen the
watir, the architriclyn clepith the spouse, and seith to hym,
Ech man settith first good wiyn, and whanne men ben fulfillid,
thanne that that is worse; but thou hast kept the good
wiyn in to this tyme. Jhesus dide this the bigynnyng of
signes in the Cane of Galilee, and schewide his glorie; and
hise disciplis bileueden in hym. Aftir these thingis he cam
doun to Cafarnaum, and his modir, and hise britheren, and
hise disciplis; and thei dwelliden there not many daies. And
the pask of Jewis was ny+g, and Jhesus wente vp to Jerusalem.
And he foond in the temple men sillynge oxun, and
scheep, and culueris, and chaungeris sittynge. And whanne
he hadde maad as it were a scourge of smale cordis, he
droof out alle of the temple, and oxun, and scheep; and
he schedde the money of chaungeris, and turnede vpsedoun
the boordis. And he seide to hem that selden culueris, Take
awei fro hennus these thingis, and nyle +ge make the hous of
my fadir an hous of marchaundise. And hise disciplis hadden
mynde, for it was writun, The feruent loue of thin hous hath
etun me. Therfor the Jewis answeriden, and seiden to hym,
What token schewist thou to vs, that thou doist these thingis?
Jhesus answerde, and seide to hem, Vndo +ge this temple, and
in thre daies Y schal reise it. 
<P II,20>
Therfor the Jewis seiden to
hym, In fourti and sixe +geer this temple was bildid, and       #
schalt
thou in thre daies reise it? But he seide of the temple of his
bodi. Therfor whanne he was risun fro deeth, hise disciplis
hadden mynde, that he seide these thingis (^of his bodi^) ; and
thei bileueden to the scripture, and to the word that Jhesus
seide. And whanne Jhesus was at Jerusalem in pask, in the
feeste dai, many bileueden in his name, seynge his signes that
he dide. But Jhesus trowide not hym silf to hem, for he
knewe alle men; and for it was not nede to hym, that ony man
schulde bere witnessyng, for he wiste, what was in man.

<P III,1>
[}CAP. III.}]

   And there was a man of the Farisees, Nychodeme bi
name, a prince of the Jewis. And he cam to Jhesu bi
ni+gt, and seide to hym, Rabi, we witen, that thou art comun
fro God maister; for no man may do these signes, that
thou doist, but God be with hym. Jhesus answerde, and
seide to hym, Treuli, treuli, Y seie to thee, but a man be
borun a+gen, he may not se the kyngdom of God. Nychodeme
seide to hym, Hou may a man be borun, whanne 
he is eeld? whether he may entre a+gen in to his modris
wombe, and be borun a+gen? Jhesus answeride, Treuli,
treuli, Y seie to thee, but a man be borun a+gen of watir,
and of the Hooli Goost, he may not entre in to the kyngdom
of God. That that is borun of the fleisch, is fleisch; and
that that is borun of spirit, is spirit. Wondre thou not,
for Y seide to thee, It bihoueth +gou to be borun a+gen. The
spirit brethith where he wole, and thou herist his vois, but
thou wost not, fro whennus he cometh, ne whidir he goith;
so is ech man that is borun of the spirit. Nychodeme
answeride, and seide to hym, Hou moun these thingis be
don? Jhesus answeride, and seide to hym, Thou art a
maister in Israel, and knowist not these thingis? Treuli,
treuli, Y seie to thee, for we speken that that we witen,
and we witnessen that that we han seyn, and +ge taken not
oure witnessyng. If Y haue seid to +gou ertheli thingis,
and +ge bileuen not, hou if Y seie to +gou heueneli thingis,
schulen +ge  bileue? And no man stieth in to heuene, but
he that cam doun fro heuene, mannys sone that is in heuene.
And as Moises areride a serpent in desert, so it bihoueth
mannys sone to be reisid, that ech man that bileueth in
hym, perische not, but haue euerlastynge lijf. For God
louede so the world, that he +gaf his oon bigetun sone, that
ech man that bileueth in him perische not, but haue             #
euerlastynge 
lijf. For God sente not his sone in to the world, 
that he iuge the world, but that the world be saued bi him.
He that bileueth in hym, is not demed; but he that bileueth
not, is now demed, for he bileueth not in the name of the
oon bigetun sone of God. And this is the dom, for li+gt cam
in to the world, and men loueden more derknessis than li+gt;
for her werkes weren yuele. 
<P III,20>
For ech man that doith yuele,
hatith the li+gt; and he cometh not to the li+gt, that hise     #
werkis
be not repreued. But he that doith treuthe, cometh to the
li+gt, that hise werkis be schewid, that thei ben don in God.
Aftir these thingis Jhesus cam, and hise disciplis, in to the
loond of Judee, and there he dwellide with hem, and baptiside.
And Joon was baptisinge in Ennon, bisidis Salym,
for many watris weren there; and thei camen, and weren
baptisid. And Joon was not +git sent in to prisoun.
Therfor a questioun was maad of Jonys disciplis with
the Jewis, of the purificacioun. And thei camen to Joon,
and seiden to hym, Maister, he that was with thee bi+gonde
Jordan, to whom thou hast borun witnessyng, lo! he baptisith,
and alle men comen to hym. Joon answerde, and
seide, A man may not take ony thing, but it be +gouun to
hym fro heuene. +Ge +gou silf beren witnessyng to me,
that Y seide, Y am not Crist, but that Y am sent bifore
hym. He that hath a wijf, is the hosebonde; but the
freend of the spouse that stondith, and herith hym, ioieth
with ioye, for the vois of the spouse. Therfor in this thing
my ioye is fulfillid. It bihoueth hym to wexe, but me to
be maad lesse. He that cam from aboue, is aboue alle;
he that is of the erthe, spekith of the erthe; he that cometh
from heuene, is aboue alle. And he witnessith that thing
that he hath seie, and herde, and no man takith his             #
witnessing. 
But he that takith his witnessyng, hath confermyd
that God is sothefast. But he whom God hath sent, spekith
the wordis of God; for not to mesure God +gyueth the spirit.
The fadir loueth the sone, and he hath +gouun alle thingis
in his hoond. He that bileueth in the sone, hath euerlastynge 
lijf; but he that is vnbileueful to the sone, schal
not se euerlastynge lijf, but the wraththe of God dwellith
on hym. 

<P IV,1>
[}CAP. IV.}]

   Therfor as Jhesu knew, that the Farisees herden, that
Jhesu makith and baptisith mo disciplis than Joon, thou+g
Jhesus baptiside not, but hise disciplis, he lefte Judee, and
wente a+gen in to Galilee. And it bihofte hym to passe
bi Samerie. Therfor Jhesus cam in to a citee of Samarie,
that is seid Sicar, bisidis the place, that Jacob +gaf to       #
Joseph,
his sone. And the welle of Jacob was there; and Jhesus
was weri of the iourney, and sat vpon the welle. And
the our was, as it were the sixte. And a womman cam fro
Samarie, to drawe watir. And Jhesus seith to hir, +Gyue
me drynk. And hise disciplis weren gon in to the citee,
to bie mete. Therfor thilke womman of Samarie seith to
him, Hou thou, whanne thou art a Jewe, axist of me drynk,
that am a womman of Samarie? for Jewis vsiden not (^to dele^)
with Samaritans. Jhesus answerde, and seide to hir, If thou
wistist the +gifte of God, and who he is, that seith to thee,
+Gyue me drynk, thou perauenture woldist haue axid of hym,
and he schulde haue +gouun to thee quyk watir. The womman
seith to him, Sire, thou hast not where ynne to drawe, and
the pit is deep; wherof thanne hast thou quik watir?
Whethir thou art grettere than oure fadir Jacob, that +gaf
to vs the pit? and he drank therof, and hise sones, and
hise beestis. Jhesus answerde, and seide to hir, Eche
man that drynkith of this watir, schal thirste efte soone;
but he that drynkith of the watir that Y schal +gyue hym,
schal not thirste with outen ende; but the watir that Y
schal +gyue hym, schal be maad in hym a welle of watir,
spryngynge vp in to euerlastynge lijf. The womman seith
to hym, Sire, +gyue me this watir, that Y thirste not, nether
come hidur to drawe. Jhesus seith to hir, Go, clepe thin
hosebonde, and come hidir. The womman answerde, and
seide, Y haue noon hosebonde. Jhesus seith to hir, Thou
seidist wel, That Y haue noon hosebonde; for thou hast
hadde fyue hosebondis, and he that thou hast, is not thin
hosebonde. This thing thou seidist sotheli. The womman
seith to hym, Lord, Y se, that thou art a prophete. 
<P IV,20>
Oure
fadris worschipiden in this hil, and +ge seien, that at         #
Jerusalem
is a place, where it bihoueth to worschipe. Jhesus seith
to hir, Womman, bileue thou to me, for the our schal come,
whanne nether in this hil, nethir in Jerusalem, +ge schulen
worschipe the fadir. +Ge worschipen that +ge knowen not;
we worschipen that that we knowen; for helthe is of the
Jewis. But the tyme is comun, and now it is, whanne
trewe worschiperis schulen worschipe the fadir in spirit
and treuthe; for also the fadir sekith suche, that worschipen
hym. God is a spirit, and it bihoueth hem that worschipen
hym, to worschipe in spirit and treuthe. The womman
seith to hym, Y woot that Messias is comun, that is seid
Crist; therfor whanne he cometh, he schal telle vs alle
thingis. Jhesus seith to hir, Y am he, that spekith with
thee. And anoon hise disciplis camen, and wondriden,
that he spak with the womman; netheles no man seide
to hym, What sekist thou, or, What spekist thou with hir?
Therfor the womman lefte hir watir pot, and wente in to
the citee, and seide to tho men, Come +ge, and se +ge a
man, that seide to me alle thingis that Y haue don;
whether he be Crist? And thei wenten out of the citee,
and camen to hym. In the mene while hise disciplis
preieden hym, and seiden, Maistir, ete. But he seide to
hem, Y haue mete to ete, that +ge knowen not. Therfor
disciplis seiden togidir, Whether ony man hath brou+gt him
mete to ete? Jhesus seith to hem, My mete is, that Y do
the wille of hym that sente me, that Y perfourme the werk
of hym. Whether +ge seien not, that +git foure monethis ben,
and rype corn cometh? Lo! Y seie to +gou, lifte vp +goure
i+gen, and se +ge the feeldis, for now thei ben white to repe.
And he that repith takith hire, and gaderith fruyt in to
euerlastynge lijf; that bothe he that sowith, and he that
repith, haue ioye togidere. In this thing is the word trewe,
for anothir is that sowith, and anothir the repith. Y sente
+gou to repe, that that +ge haue not trauelid; othere men
han trauelid, and +ge han entrid in to her trauels. And of
that citee many Samaritans bileueden in hym, for the
word of the womman, that bare witnessyng, That he seide
to me alle thingis that Y haue don. 
<P IV,40>
Therfor whanne Samaritans
camen to hym, thei preieden hym to dwelle there;
and he dwelte there twey daies. And many mo bileueden
for his word, and seiden to the womman, That now not
for thi speche we bileuen; for we han herd, and we witen,
that this is verili the sauyour of the world. And aftir twei
daies he wente out fro thennus, and wente in to Galilee,
And he bar witnessyng, that a profete in his owne cuntre
hath noon onour. Therfor whanne he cam in to Galilee,
men of Galilee resseyueden hym, whanne thei hadden seyn
alle thingis that he hadde don in Jerusalem in the feeste
dai; for also thei hadden comun to the feeste dai.
Therfor he cam eftsoone in to the Cane of Galile,
where he made the watir wiyn. And a litil kyng was,
whos sone was sijk at Cafarnaum. Whanne this hadde
herd, that Jhesu schulde come fro Judee in to Galilee, he
wente to hym, and preiede hym, that he schulde come
doun, and heele his sone; for he bigan to die. Therfor
Jhesus seide to him, But +ge se tokenes and grete wondris,
+ge bileuen not. The litil kyng seith to hym, Lord, come
doun, bifor that my sone die. Jhesus seith to hym, Go,
thi sone lyueth. The man bileuede to the word, that
Jhesus seide to hym, and he wente. And now whanne
he cam doun, the seruauntis camen a+gens hym, and telden
to hym, and seiden, That his sone lyuede. And he axide
of hem the our, in which he was amendid. And thei
seiden to hym, For +gistirdai in the seuenthe our the feuer
lefte him. Therfor the fadir knewe, that thilke our it was,
in which Jhesus seide to hym, Thi sone lyueth; and he
bileuede, and al his hous. Jhesus dide eft this secounde
tokene, whanne he cam fro Judee in to Galilee.

<P V,1>
[}CAP. V.}]

   Aftir these thingis ther was a feeste dai of Jewis, and
Jhesus wente vp to Jerusalem. And in Jerusalem is a waissynge
place, that in Ebrew is named Bethsaida, and hath fyue
porchis. In these lay a greet multitude of sike men, blynde,
crokid, and drie, abidynge the mouyng of the watir. For the
aungel of the Lord cam doun certeyne tymes in to the watir,
and the watir was moued; and he that first cam doun in to
the sisterne, aftir the mouynge of the watir, was maad hool of
what euer sijknesse he was holdun. And a man was there,
hauynge ei+gte and thritti +geer in his sikenesse. And whanne
Jhesus hadde seyn hym liggynge, and hadde knowun, that he
hadde myche tyme, he seith to hym, Wolt thou be maad
hool? The sijk man answerde to hym, Lord, Y haue no
man, that whanne the watir is moued, to putte me in to the
cisterne; for the while Y come, anothir goith doun bifor me.
Jhesus seith to hym, Rise vp, take thi bed, and go. And
anoon the man was mad hool, and took vp his bed, and
wente forth. And it was sabat in that dai. Therfor the
Jewis seiden to him that was maad hool, It is sabat, it is not
leueful to thee, to take awei thi bed. He answeride to hem,
He that made me hool, seide to me, Take thi bed, and go.
Therfor thei axiden him, What man is that, that seide to thee,
Take vp thi bed, and go? But he that was maad hool, wiste
not who it was. And Jhesus bowide awei fro the puple, that
was set in the place. Aftirward Jhesus foond hym in the
temple, and seide to hym, Lo! thou art maad hool; now
nyle thou do synne, lest any worse thing bifalle to thee. 
Thilke man wente, and telde to the Jewis, that it was Jhesu
that made hym hool. Therfor the Jewis pursueden Jhesu,
for he dide this thing in the sabat. And Jhesus answeride
to hem, My fadir worchith til now, and Y worche. Therfor
the Jewis sou+gten more to sle hym, for not oneli he brak the
sabat, but he seide that God (^was^) his fadir, and made hym
euene to God. Therfor Jhesus answerde, and seide to hem,
Treuli, treuli, Y seye to +gou, the sone may not of hym silf do
ony thing, but that thing that he seeth the fadir doynge; for
what euere thingis he doith, the sone doith in lijk maner tho
thingis. 
<P V,20>
For the fadir loueth the sone, and schewith to hym
alle thingis that he doith; and he schal schewe to hym
grettere werkis than these, that +ge wondren. For as the
fadir reisith deed men, and quykeneth, so the sone quykeneth
whom he wole. For nethir the fadir iugith ony man, but
hath +gouun ech doom to the sone, that alle men onoure the
sone, as thei onouren the fadir. He that onourith not the 
sone, onourith not the fadir that sente hym. Treuli, treuli, Y
seie to +gou, that he that herith my word, and bileueth to hym
that sente me, hath euerlastynge lijf, and he cometh not in
to doom, but passith fro deeth in to lijf. Treuli, treuli
Y seie to +gou, for the our cometh, and now it is, whanne deed
men schulen here the vois of Goddis sone, and thei that
heren, schulen lyue. For as the fadir hath lijf in hym silf,
so he +gaf to the sone, to haue lijf in him silf; and he +gaf   #
to
hym power to make doom, for he is mannys sone. Nyle +ge
wondre this, for the our cometh, in which alle men that ben
in birielis, schulen here the voice of Goddis sone. And thei
that han do goode thingis, schulen go in to a+genrisyng of
lijf; but thei that han done yuele thingis, in to a+genrisyng   #
of
doom. Y may no thing do of my silf, but as Y here, Y deme,
and my doom is iust, for Y seke not my wille, but the wille
of the fadir that sente me. If Y bere witnessing of my silf,
my witnessyng is not trewe; another is that berith witnessyng
of me, and Y woot that his witnessyng is trewe, that he berith
of me. +Ge senten to Joon, and he bar witnessyng to treuthe.
But Y take not witnessyng of man; but Y seie these thingis,
that +ge be saaf. He was a lanterne brennynge and schynynge;
but +ge wolden glade at an our in his li+gt. But Y haue
more witnessyng than Joon, for the werkis that my fadir +gaf
to me to perfourme hem, thilke werkis that Y do beren           #
witnessyng
of me, that the fadir sente me. And the fadir that
sente me, he bar witnessyng of me. Nether +ge herden euere
his vois, nether +ge seien his licnesse. And +ge han not his
word dwellynge in +gou; for +ge byleuen not to hym, whom he
sente. Seke +ge scripturis, in which +ge gessen to haue         #
euerlastynge
lijf; and tho it ben, that beren witnessyng of me.
<P V,40>
And +ge wolen not come to me, that +ge haue lijf. Y take not
clerenesse of men; but Y haue knowun +gou, that +ge han
not the loue of God in +gou. Y cam in the name of my
fadir, and +ge token not me. If another come in his owne
name, +ge schulen resseyue hym. Hou moun +ge bileue, that
resseyuen glorie ech of othere, and +ge seken not the glorie
that is of God aloone? Nyle +ge gesse, that Y am to accuse
+gou anentis the fadir; it is Moises that accusith +gou, in     #
whom
+ge hopen. For if +ge bileueden to Moises, perauenture +ge
schulden bileue also to me; for he wroot of me. But if +ge
bileuen not to hise lettris, hou schulen +ge bileue to my
wordis? 

<P VI,1>
[}CAP. VI.}]

   Aftir these thingis Jhesus wente ouere the see of Galilee,
that is Tiberias. And a greet multitude suede hym; for thei
sayn the tokenes, that he dide on hem that weren sijke.
Therfor Jhesus wente in to an hil, and sat there with hise
disciplis. And the paske was ful ni+g, a feeste dai of the
Jewis. Therfor whanne Jhesus hadde lift vp hise i+gen, and
hadde seyn, that a greet multitude cam to hym, he seith to
Filip, Wherof schulen we bie looues, that these men ete?
But he seide this thing, temptynge hym; for he wiste what
he was to do. Filip answerde to hym, The looues of tweyn
hundrid pans sufficen not to hem, that ech man take a litil
what. Oon of hise disciplis, Andrew, the brothir of Symount
Petre, seith to him, A child is here, that hath fyue barli
looues and twei fischis; but what ben these  among so
manye? Therfor Jhesus seith, Make +ge hem sitte to the
mete. And there was myche hey in the place. And so men
saten to the mete, as fyue thousynde in noumbre. And
Jhesus took fyue looues, and whanne he hadde do thankyngis,
he departide to men that saten to the mete, and also
of the fischis, as myche as thei wolden. And whanne thei
weren fillid, he seide to hise disciplis, Gadir +ge the relifs  #
that
ben left, that thei perischen not. And so thei gadriden, and
filliden twelue cofyns of relif of the fyue barli looues and
twei fischis, that lefte to hem that hadden etun. Therfor
tho men, whanne thei hadden seyn the signe that he hadde
don, seiden, For this is verili the profete, that is to come    #
in to
the world. And whanne Jhesus hadde knowun, that thei
weren to come to take hym, and make hym kyng, he flei+g
aloone eft in to an hille. And whanne euentid was comun,
his disciplis wenten doun to the see. And thei wenten vp in
to a boot, and thei camen ouer the see in to Cafarnaum.
And derknessis weren maad thanne, and Jhesus was not
come to hem. And for a greet wynde blew, the see roos vp.
Therfor whanne thei hadden rowid as fyue and twenti furlongis
or thretti, thei seen Jhesus walkynge on the see, and to
be nei+g the boot; and thei dredden. 
<P VI,20>
And he seide to hem,
Y am; nyle +ge drede. Therfor thei wolden take hym in to
the boot, and anoon the boot was at the loond, to which thei 
wenten. On the tother dai the puple, that stood ouer the see,
say, that ther was noon other boot there but oon, and that
Jhesu entride not with hise disciplis in to the boot, but hise
disciplis aloone wenten. But othere bootis camen fro Tiberias 
bisidis the place, where thei hadden eetun breed, and
diden thankyngis to God. Therfor whanne the puple hadde
seyn, that Jhesu was not there, nether hise disciplis, thei
wenten vp in to bootis, and camen to Cafarnaum, sekynge
Jhesu. And whanne thei hadden foundun hym ouer the see,
thei seiden to hym, Rabi, hou come thou hidur? Jhesus
answerde to hem, and seide, Treuli, treuli, Y seie to +gou, +ge
seken me, not for +ge sayn the myraclis, but for +ge eten of
looues, and weren fillid. Worche +ge not mete that perischith,
but that dwellith in to euerlastynge lijf, which (^mete^)       #
mannys
sone schal +gyue to +gou; for God the fadir hath markid hym.
Therfor thei seiden to hym, What schulen we do, that we
worche the werkis of God? Jhesus answerde, and seide to
hem, This is the werk of God, that +ge bileue to hym, whom
he sente. Therfor thei seiden to hym, What tokene thanne
doist thou, that we seen, and bileue to thee? what worchist
thou? Oure fadris eeten manna in desert, as it is writun, He
+gaf to hem breed fro heuene to ete. Therfor Jhesus seith to
hem, Treuli, treuli, Y seie to +gou, Moyses +gaf +gou not breed
fro heuene, but my fadir +gyueth +gou veri breed fro heuene;
for it is very breed that cometh doun fro heuene, and +gyueth
lijf to the world. Therfor thei seiden to hym, Lord, euere
+gyue vs this breed. And Jhesus seide to hem, Y am breed
of lijf; he that cometh to me, schal not hungur; he that
bileueth in me, schal neuere thirste. But Y seid to +gou,
that +ge han seyn me, and +ge bileueden not. Al thing, that
the fadir +gyueth to me, schal come to me; and Y schal not
caste hym out, that cometh to me. For Y cam doun fro
heuene, not that Y do my wille, but the wille of hym that
sente me. And this is the wille of the fadir that sente
me, that al thing that the fadir +gaf me, Y leese not of it,
but a+gen reise it in the laste dai. 
<P VI,40>
And this is the wille of my  
fadir that sente me, that ech man that seeth the sone, and
bileueth in hym, haue euerlastynge lijf; and Y schal a+gen
reyse hym in the laste dai. Therfor Jewis grutchiden of
hym, for he hadde seid, Y am breed that cam doun fro
heuene. And thei seiden, Whether this is not Jhesus, the
sone of Joseph, whos fadir and modir we han knowun. Hou
thanne seith this, That Y cam doun fro heuene? Therfor
Jhesus answerde, and seide to hem, Nyle +ge grutche togidere.
No man may come to me, but if the fadir that sente me,
drawe hym; and Y schal a+gen reise hym in the laste dai.
It is writun in prophetis, And alle men schulen be able for to
be tau+gt of God. Ech man that herde of the fadir, and hath
lerned, cometh to me. Not for ony man hath sey the fadir,
but this that is of God, hath sey the fadir. Sotheli, sotheli,
Y seie to +gou, he that bileueth in me, hath euerlastynge lijf.
Y am breed of lijf. +Goure fadris eeten manna in desert,
and ben deed. This is breed comynge doun fro heuene,
that if ony man ete therof, he die not. Y am lyuynge breed,
that cam doun fro heuene. If ony man ete of this breed, he
schal lyue withouten ende. And the breed that Y schal +gyue,
is my fleisch for the lijf of the world. Therfor the Jewis
chidden togidere, and seiden, Hou may this +gyue to vs his
fleisch to ete? Therfor Jhesus seith to hem, Treuli, treuli,
Y seie to +gou, but +ge eten the fleisch of mannus sone, and
drenken his blood, +ge schulen not haue lijf in +gou. He that
etith my fleisch, and drynkith my blood, hath euerlastynge
lijf, and Y schal a+gen reise hym in the laste dai. For my
fleisch is veri mete, and my blood is very drynk. He that
etith my fleisch, and drynkith my blood, dwellith in me, and
Y in hym. As my fadir lyuynge sente me, and Y lyue for the
fadir, and he that etith me, he schal lyue for me. This is
breed, that cam doun fro heuene. Not as +goure fadris eten
manna, and ben deed; he that etith this breed, schal lyue
withouten ende. He seide these thingis in the synagoge,
techynge in Cafarnaum. 
<P VI,60>
Therfor many of hise disciplis
herynge, seiden, This word is hard, who may here it? But
Jhesus witynge at hym silf, that hise disciplis grutchiden
of this thing, seide to hem, This thing sclaundrith +gou?
Therfor if +ge seen mannus sone stiynge, where he was bifor?
It is the spirit that quykeneth, the fleisch profitith no       #
thing;
the wordis that Y haue spokun to +gou, ben spirit and lijf.
But ther ben summe of +gou that bileuen not. For Jhesus
wiste fro the bigynnynge, which weren bileuynge, and who
was to bitraye hym. And he seide, Therfor Y seide to +gou,
that no man may come to me, but it were +gouun to hym of my
fadir. Fro this tyme many of hise disciplis wenten abak,
and wenten not now with hym. Therfor Jhesus seide to the
twelue, Whether +ge wolen also go awei? And Symount
Petre answeride to hym, Lord, to whom schulen we gon?
Thou hast wordis of euerlastynge lijf; and we bileuen, and
han knowun, that thou art Crist, the sone of God. Therfor
Jhesus answerde to hem, Whether Y chees not +gou twelue,
and oon of +gou is a feend? And he seide this of Judas
of Symount Scarioth, for this was to bitraye hym, whanne
he was oon of the twelue.

<P VII,1>
[}CAP. VII.}]

   Aftir these thingis Jhesus walkide in to Galilee, for he
wolde not walke in to Judee, for the Jewis sou+gten to sle
hym. And ther was nei+g a feeste dai of the Jewis, Senofegia.
And hise britheren seiden to hym, Passe fro hennus,
and go in to Judee, that also thi disciplis seen thi werkis
that thou doist; for no man doith ony thing in hiddlis, and
hym silf sekith to be opyn. If thou doist these thingis,
schewe thi silf to the world. For nether hise britheren
bileueden in hym. Therfor Jhesus seith to hem, My tyme
cam not +git, but +goure tyme is euermore redi. The world
may not hate +gou, sothely it hatith me; for Y bere witnessyng
therof, that the werkis of it ben yuele. Go +ge vp to
this feeste dai, but Y schal not go vp to this feeste dai,
for my tyme is not +git fulfillid. Whanne he hadde seid
these thingis, he dwelte in Galilee. And aftir that hise
britheren weren gon vp, thanne he +gede vp to the feeste
dai, not opynli, but as in priuyte. Therfor the Jewis sou+gten
hym in the feeste dai, and seiden, Where is he? And
myche grutchyng was of hym among the puple. For
summe seiden, That he is good; and othere seiden, Nai,
but he disceyueth the puple; netheles no man spak opynli
of hym, for drede of the Jewis. But whanne the myddil
feeste dai cam, Jhesus wente vp in to the temple, and
tau+gte. And the Jewis wondriden, and seiden, Hou can
this (^man^) lettris, sithen he hath not lerned? Jhesus         #
answerde
to hem, and seide, My doctryne is not myn, but his that
sente me. If ony man wole do his wille, he schal knowe
of the techyng, whethir it be of God, or Y speke of my
silf. He that spekith of hym silf, sekith his owne glorie;
but he that sekith the glorie of hym that sente hym, is
sothefast, and vnri+gtwisnesse is not in hym. Whether Moises
+gaf not to +gou a lawe, and noon of +gou doith the lawe? What
seken +ge to sle me? 
<P VII,20>
And the puple answerde, and seide,
Thou hast a deuel; who sekith to sle thee? Jhesus answerde,
and seide to hem, Y haue don o werk, and alle +ge wondren.
Therfor Moises +gaf to +gou circumcisioun; not for it is of
Moyses, but of the fadris; and in the sabat +ge circumciden a
man. If a man take circumcicioun in the sabat, that the lawe
of Moises be not brokun, han +ge indignacioun to me, for
Y made al a man hool in the sabat? Nile +ge deme aftir
the face, but deme +ge a ri+gtful doom. Therfor summe of
Jerusalem seiden, Whethir this is not he, whom the Jewis
seken to sle? and lo! he spekith opynli, and thei seien no
thing to hym. Whether the princes knewen verili, that this
is Crist? But we knowun this (^man^) , of whennus he is; but
whanne Crist schal come, no man woot of whennus he is.
Therfor Jhesus criede in the temple techynge, and seide,
+ge knowen me, and +ge knowen of whennus Y am; and
Y cam not of my silf, but he is trewe that sente me,
whom +ge knowen not. Y knowe hym, and if Y seie that
Y knowe hym not, Y schal be lijk to +gou, a liere; but
Y knowe hym, for of hym Y am, and he sente me. Therfor
thei sou+gten to take hym, and no man sette on hym
hoondis, for his our cam not +git. And many of the puple
bileueden in hym, and seiden, Whanne Crist schal come,
whether he schal do mo tokenes, than tho that this doith?
Farisees herden the puple musinge of hym these thingis;
and the princis and Farisees senten mynystris, to take
hym. Therfor Jhesus seide to hem, +Git a litil tyme Y
am with +gou, and Y go to the fadir, that sente me. +Ge
schulen seke me, and +ge schulen not fynde; and where
Y am, +ge may not come. Therfor the Jewis seiden to
hem silf, Whidur schal this gon, for we schulen not fynde
hym? whether he wole go in to the scateryng of hethene
men, and wole teche the hethene? What is this word,
which he seide, +Ge schulen seke me, and +ge schulen not
fynde; and where Y am, +ge moun not come? But in the
laste dai of the greet feeste, Jhesus stood, and criede, and
seide, If ony man thirstith, come he to me, and drynke.
He that bileueth in me, as the scripture seith. Floodis of
quyk watir schulen flowe fro his wombe. But he seide this
thing of the Spirit, whom men that bileueden in hym
schulden take; for the Spirit was not +git +gouun, for Jhesus
was not +git glorified. 
<P VII,40>
Therfor of that cumpanye, whanne
thei hadden herd these wordis of hym, thei seiden, This
is verili a prophete. Othere seiden, This is Crist. But
summe seiden, Whether Crist cometh fro Galilee? Whether
the scipture seith not, that of the seed of Dauid, and of
the castel of Bethleem, where Dauid was, Crist cometh?
Therfor discencioun was maad among the puple for hym.
For summe of hem wolden haue take hym, but no man
sette hondis on hym. Therfor the mynystris camen to
bischopis and Farisees, and thei seiden to hem, Whi
brou+gten +ge not hym? The mynystris answeriden, Neuere
man spak so, as this (^man^) spekith. Therfor the Farisees
answeriden to hem, Whether +ge ben disseyued also? whether
ony of the pryncis or of the Farisees bileueden in hym?
But this puple, that knowith not the lawe, ben cursid.
Nychodeme seith to hem, he that cam to hym bi ny+gt,
that was oon of hem, Whethir oure lawe demith a man,
but it haue first herde of hym, and knowe what he doith?
Thei answeriden, and seiden to hym, Whether thou art
a man of Galilee also? Seke thou scripturis, and se thou,
that a prophete risith not of Galilee. And thei turneden
a+gen, ech in to his hous.

<P VIII,1>
[}CAP. VIII.}]

   But Jhesus wente in to the mount of Olyuete. And
eerli eft he cam in to the temple; and al the puple cam
to hym; and he sat, and tau+gte hem. And scribis and
Fariseis bryngen a womman takun in auoutrye, and thei
settiden hir in the myddil, and seiden to hym, Maystir,
this womman is now takun in auoutrie. And in the lawe
Moises comaundide vs to stoone suche; therfor what seist
thou? And thei seiden this thing temptynge hym, that
thei my+gten accuse hym. And Jhesus bowide hym silf
doun, and wroot with his fyngur in the erthe. And whanne
thei abiden axynge hym, he reiside hym silf, and seide to 
hem, He of +gou that is without synne, first caste a stoon
in to hir. And eft he bowide hym silf, and wroot in the
erthe. And thei herynge these thingis, wenten awei oon
aftir anothir, and thei bigunnen fro the eldre men; and
Jhesus dwelte aloone, and the womman stondynge in the
myddil. And Jhesus reiside hym silf, and seide to hir,
Womman, where ben thei that accusiden thee? no man
hath dampned thee. Sche seide, No man, Lord. Jhesus
seide (^to hir^) , Nethir Y schal dampne thee; go thou, and
now aftirward nyle thou synne more. Therfor eft Jhesus
spak to hem, and seide, Y am the li+gt of the world; he
that sueth me, walkith not in derknessis, but schal haue
the li+gt of lijf. Therfor the Fariseis seiden, Thou berist
witnessyng of thi silf; thi witnessyng is not trewe. Jhesus
answerde, and seide to hem, And if Y bere witnessyng
of my silf, my witnessyng is trewe; for Y woot fro whennus
Y cam, and whidur Y go. But +ge witen not fro whennus
Y cam, ne whidur Y go. For +ge demen aftir the fleisch,
but Y deme no man; and if Y deme, my doom is trewe,
for Y am not aloone, but Y and the fadir that sente me.
And in +goure lawe it is writun, that the witnessyng of
twei men is trewe. Y am, that bere witnessyng of my
silf, and the fadir that sente me, berith witnessyng of me.
Therfor thei seiden to hym, Where is thi fadir? Jhesus
answeride, Nether +ge knowen me, nethir +ge knowen my
fadir; if +ge knewen me, perauenture +ge schulden knowe
also my fadir. 
<P VIII,20>
Jhesus spak these wordis in the tresorie,
techynge in the temple; and no man took hym, for his
our cam not +git. Therfor eft Jhesus seide to hem, Lo!
Y go, and +ge schulen seke me, and +ge schulen die in +goure
synne; whidur Y go, +ge moun not come. Therfor the Jewis
seiden, Whether he schal sle hym silf, for he seith, Whidur Y
go, +ge moun not come? And he seide to hem, +Ge ben of bynethe,
Y am of aboue; +ge ben of this world, Y am not of this
world. Therfor Y seide to +gou, that +ge schulen die in +goure
synnes; for if +ge bileuen not that Y am, +ge schulen die in    #
+goure
synne. Therfor thei seiden to hym, Who art thou? Jhesus
seide to hem, The bigynnyng, which also speke to +gou. Y
haue many thingis to speke, and deme of +gou, but he that
sente me is sothefast; and Y speke in the world these
thingis, that Y herde of hym. And thei knewen not, that
he clepide his fadir God. Therfor Jhesus seith to hem,
Whanne +ge han areisid mannus sone, thanne +ge schulen
knowe, that Y am, and of my silf Y do no thing; but as
my fadir tau+gte me, Y speke these thingis. And he that
sente me is with me, and lefte me not aloone; for Y do
euermore tho thingis, that ben plesynge to hym. Whanne
he spak these thingis, manye bileueden in hym. Therfor
Jhesus seide to the Jewis, that bileueden in hym, If +ge
dwellen in my word, verili +ge schulen be my disciplis;
and +ge schulen knowe the treuthe, and the treuthe schal
make +gou fre. Therfor the Jewis answeriden to hym,
We ben the seed of Abraham, and we serueden neuere
to man; hou seist thou, That +ge schulen be fre? Jhesus
answeride to hem, Treuli, treuli, Y seie to +gou, ech man
that doith synne, is seruaunt of synne. And the seruaunt
dwellith not in the hows with outen ende, but the sone
dwellith with outen ende. Therfor if the sone make +gou
fre, verili +ge schulen be fre. Y woot that +ge ben Abrahams
sones, but +ge seken to sle me, for my word takith
not in +gou. Y speke tho thingis, that Y say at my fadir;
and +ge doen tho thingis, that +ge sayn at +goure fadir. Thei
answerden, and seiden to hym, Abraham is oure fadir.
Jhesus seith to hem, If +ge ben the sones of Abraham,
do +ge the werkis of Abraham. 
<P VIII,40>
But now +ge seken to sle
me, a man that haue spoken to +gou treuthe, that Y herde
of God; Abraham dide not this thing. +Ge doen the werkis
of +goure fadir. Therfor thei seiden to hym, We ben not
borun of fornycacioun; we han o fadir, God. But Jhesus
seith to hem, If God were +goure fadir, sotheli +ge schulden
loue me; for Y passide forth of God, and cam; for nether
Y cam of my silf, but he sente me. Whi knowen +ge not
my speche? for +ge moun not here my word. +Ge ben of
the fadir, the deuel, and +ge wolen do the desyris of +goure
fadir. He was a mansleere fro the bigynnyng, and he
stood not in treuthe; for treuthe is not in hym. Whanne
he spekith lesyng, he spekith of his owne; for he is a
liere, and fadir of it. But for Y seie treuthe, +ge bileuen
not to me. Who of +gou schal repreue me of synne? if
Y sey treuthe, whi bileuen +ge not to me? He that is of
God, herith the wordis of God; therfor +ge heren not,
for +ge ben not of God. Therfor the Jewis answeriden,
and seiden, Whether we seien not wel, that thou art a
Samaritan, and hast a deuel? Jhesus answerde, and seide,
Y haue not a deuel, but Y onoure my fadir, and +ge han
vnhonourid me. For Y seke not my glorye; there is he,
that sekith, and demeth. Treuli, treuli, Y seie to +gou, if
ony man kepe my word, he schal not taste deth with outen
ende. Therfor the Jewis seiden, Now we han knowun,
that thou hast a deuel. Abraham is deed, and the prophetis,
and thou seist, If ony man kepe my word, he schal not
taste deth withouten ende. Whether thou art grettere
than oure fader Abraham, that is deed, and the prophetis
ben deed; whom makist thou thi silf? Jhesus answeride,
If Y glorifie my silf, my glorie is nou+gt; my fadir, is that
glorifieth me, whom +ge seien, that he is +goure God. And
+ge han not knowun hym, but Y haue knowun hym; and
if Y seie that Y knowe hym not, Y schal be a liere lich
to +gou; but Y knowe hym, and Y kepe his word. Abraham,
+goure fadir, gladide to se my dai; and he sai+g, and
ioyede. Thanne the Jewis seiden to hym, Thou hast
not +git fifti +geer, and hast thou seien Abraham? Therfor
Jhesus seide to hem, Treuli, treuli, Y seie to +gou, bifor
that Abraham schulde be, Y am. Therfor thei token stonys,
to caste to hym; but Jhesus hidde hym, and wente out
of the temple.

<P IX,1>
[}CAP. IX.}]

   And Jhesus passynge, sei+g a man blynd fro the birthe.
And hise diciplis axiden hym, Maistir, what synnede this
man, or hise eldris, that he schulde be borun blynd?
Jhesus answeride, Nether this man synnede, nether hise
eldris; but that the werkis of God be schewid in hym.
It bihoueth me to worche the werkis of hym that sente
me, as longe as the dai is; the ny+gt schal come, whanne
no man may worche. As longe as Y am in the world,
Y am the li+gt of the world. Whanne he hadde seid these 
thingis, he spette in to the erthe, and made cley of the
spotil, and anoyntide the cley on hise i+gen, and seide to
hym, Go, and be thou waisschun in the watir of Siloe,
that is to seie, Sent. Thanne he wente, and waisschide,
and cam seynge. And so nei+gboris, and thei that hadden
seyn him bifor, for he was a beggere, seiden, Whether
this is not he, that sat, and beggide? Othere men seiden,
That this it is; othere men (^seyden^) , Nai, but he is lijc    #
hym.
But he seide, That Y am. Therfor thei seiden to hym,
Hou ben thin i+gen openyd? He answerde, Thilke man,
that is seid Jhesus, made clei, and anoyntide myn i+gen,
and seide to me, Go thou to the watre of Siloe, and
wassche; and Y wente, and wasschide, and say. And
thei seiden to hym, Where is he? He seide, Y woot not.
Thei leden hym that was blynd to the Farisees. And 
it was sabat, whanne Jhesus made cley, and openyde hise
i+gen. Eft the Farisees axiden hym, hou he hadde seyn.
And he seide to hem, He leide to me cley on the i+gen;
and Y wasschide, and Y se. Therfor summe of the Fariseis
seiden, This man is not of God, that kepith not the
sabat. Othere men seiden, Hou may a synful man do
these signes. And strijf was among hem. Therfor thei
seien eftsoone to the blynd man, What seist thou of hym,
that openyde thin i+gen? And he seide, That he is a 
prophete. Therfor Jewis bileueden not of hym, that he
was blynd, and hadde seyn, til thei clepiden his fadir and
modir, that hadde seyn. And thei axiden hem, and seiden,
Is this +goure sone, which +ge seien was borun blynd? hou
thanne seeth he now? 
<P IX,20>
His fadir and modir answeriden
to hem, and seiden, We witen, that this is oure sone, and
that he was borun blynd; but hou he seeth now, we witen
neuer, or who openyde hise i+gen, we witen nere; axe +ge
hym, he hath age, speke he of hym silf. His fader and
modir seiden these thingis, for thei dredden the Jewis;
for thanne the Jewis hadden conspirid, that if ony man
knoulechide hym Crist, he schulde be don out of the
synagoge. Therfor his fadir and modir seiden, That he
hath age, axe +ge hym. Therfor eftsoone thei clepiden
the man, that was blynd, and seiden to hym, +Gyue thou
glorie to God; we witen, that this man is a synnere.
Thanne he seide, If he is a synnere, Y woot neuer; o
thing Y woot, that whanne Y was blynd, now Y se. Therfor
thei seiden to hym, What dide he to thee? hou openyde
he thin i+gen? He answerde to hem, Y seide to +gou now,
and +ge herden; what wolen +ge eftsoone here? whether +ge
wolen be maad hise discyplis? Therfor thei cursiden hym,
and seiden, Be thou his disciple; we ben disciplis of Moises.
We witen, that God spak to Moises; but we knowen not
this, of whennus he is. Thilke man answeride, and seide
to hem, For in this is a wondurful thing, that +ge witen not,
of whennus he is, and he hath openyd myn i+gen. And we
witen, that God herith not synful men, but if ony man is
worschypere of God, and doith his wille, he herith hym.
Fro the world it is not herd, that ony man openyde the
i+gen of a blynd borun man; but this were of God, he my+gt
not do ony thing. Thei answeriden, and seiden to hym,
Thou art al borun in synnes, and techist thou vs? And
thei putten hym out. Jhesus herd, that thei hadden putte
hym out; and whanne he hadde founde hym, he seide to
hym, Bileuest thou in the sone of God? He answerde,
and seide, Lord, who is he, that Y bileue in hym? And
Jhesus seide to hym, And thou hast seyn him, and he it
is, that spekith with thee. And he seide, Lord, Y byleue.
And he felle doun, and worschipide hym. Therfor Jhesus
seide to hym, Y cam in to this world, in to doom, that thei
that seen not, see, and thei that seen, be maad blynde. 
<P IX,40>
And summe of the Faryseis herden, that weren with hym, and
thei seiden to hym, Whether we ben blynde? Jhesus seide
to hem, If +ge weren blynde, +ge schulden not haue synne;
but now +ge seien, That we seen, +goure synne dwellith stille.

<P X,1>
[}CAP. X.}]

   Treuli, treuli, Y seie to +gou, he that cometh not in by
the dore in to the foold of scheep, but stieth bi another
weie, is a ny+gt theef and a dai theef. But he that entrith
bi the dore, is the scheepherde of the scheep. To this
the porter openeth, and the scheep heren his vois, and he
clepith his owne scheep bi name, and ledith hem out. And
whanne he hath don out his owne scheep, he goith bifor
hem, and the scheep suen hym; for thei knowun his vois.
But thei suen not an alien, but fleen from hym; for thei
han not knowun the vois of aliens. Jhesus seide to hem
this prouerbe; but thei knewen not what he spak to hem.
Therfor Jhesus seide to hem eftsoone, Treuli, treuli, Y
seie to +gou, that Y am the dore of the scheep. As many
as han come, weren ny+gt theues and dai theues, but the
scheep herden not hem. Y am the dore. If ony man
schal entre bi me, he schal be sauyd; and he schal go
ynne, and schal go out, and he schal fynde lesewis. A
ny+gt theef cometh not, but that he stele, sle, and leese;
and Y cam, that thei han lijf, and haue more plenteousli.
I am a good scheepherde; a good scheepherde +gyueth
his lijf for hise scheep. But an hirid hyne, and that is
not the scheepherde, whos ben not the scheep his owne,
seeth a wolf comynge, and he leeueth the scheep, and
fleeth; and the wolf rauyschith, and disparplith the scheep.
And the hirid hyne fleeth, for he is an hirid hyne, and it
parteyneth not to hym of the scheep. Y am a good 
scheepherde, and Y knowe my scheep, and my scheep
knowen me. As the fadir hath knowun me, Y knowe
the fadir; and Y putte my lijf for my scheep. Y haue
othere scheep, that ben not of this foolde, and it bihoueth
me to brynge hem togidir, and thei schulen here my vois;
and it schal be maad o foolde and o scheepherde. Therfor
the fadir loueth me, for Y putte my lijf, that eftsoone Y
take it. No man takith it fro me, but Y putte it of my
silf. Y haue power to putte it, and Y haue power to take
it a+gen. This maundement Y haue takun of my fadir.
Eft dissencioun was maad among the Jewis for these wordis.
<P X,20>
And many of hem seiden, He hath a deuel, and maddith;
what heren +ge hym? Othere men seiden, These wordis
ben not of (^a man^) that hath a feend. Whether the deuel
may opene the i+gen of blynde men? But the feestis of
halewyng of the temple weren maad in Jerusalem, and
it was wyntir. And Jhesus walkide in the temple, in the
porche of Salomon. Therfor the Jewis camen aboute
hym, and seiden to hym, Hou long takist thou awei oure
soule? if thou art Crist, seie thou to vs opynli. Jhesus
answerde to hem, Y speke to +gou, and +ge bileuen not;
the werkis that Y do in the name of my fadir, beren witnessyng
of me. But +ge bileuen not, for +ge ben not of my
scheep. My scheep heren my vois, and Y knowe hem,
and thei suen me. And Y +gyue to hem euerelastynge
lijf, and thei schulen not perische with outen ende, and
noon schal rauysche hem fro myn hoond. That thing
that my fadir +gaf to me, is more than alle thingis; and no
man may rauysche fro my fadris hoond. Y and the fadir
ben oon. The Jewis token vp stoonys, to stoone hym.
Jhesus answerde to hem, Y haue schewide to +gou  many
good werkis of my fadir, for which werk of hem stonen
+ge me? The Jewis answerden to hym, We stoonen thee
not of good werk, but of blasfemye, and for thou, sithen
thou art a man, makist thi silf God. Jhesus answerde to
hem, Whether it is not writun in +goure lawe, That Y seide,
+Ge ben goddis? Yf he seide that thei weren goddis, to
whiche the word of God was maad, and scripture may not
be vndon, thilke that the fadir hath halewid, and hath
sent in to the world, +ge seien, That thou blasfemest, for
Y seide, Y am Goddis sone? Yf Y do not the werkis
of my fadir, nyle +ge bileue to me; but if Y do, thou+g +ge
wolen not bileue to me, bileue +ge to the werkis; that +ge
knowe and bileue, that the fadir is in me, and Y in the fadir.
Therfor thei sou+gten to take hym, and he wente out of her
hondis. 
<P XI,40>
And he wente eftsoone ouer Jordan, in to that
place where Joon was firste baptisynge, and he dwelte there.
And manye camen to hym, and seiden, For Joon dide no
myracle; and alle thingis what euer Joon seide of this,
weren sothe. And many bileueden in hym.

<P XI,1>
[}CAP. XI.}]

   And ther was a sijk man, Lazarus of Bethanye, of the
castel of Maria and Martha, hise sistris. And it was Marye,
which anoyntide the Lord with oynement, and wipte hise
feet with hir heeris, whos brother Lazarus was sijk. Therfor
hise sistris senten to hym, and seide, Lord, lo! he whom  
thou louest, is sijk. And Jhesus herde, and seide to hem,
This syknesse is not to the deth, but for the glorie of God,
that mannus sone be glorified bi hym. And Jhesus louyde
Martha, and hir sistir Marie, and Lazarus. Therfor whanne
Jhesus herde, that he was sijk, thanne he dwellide in the
same place twei daies. And after these thingis he seide to
hise disciplis, Go we eft in to Judee. The disciplis seien
to hym, Maister, now the Jewis sou+gten for to stoone thee,
and eft goist thou thidir? Jhesus answerde, Whether ther
ben not twelue ouris of the dai? If ony man wandre in
the dai, he hirtith not, for he seeth the li+gt of this world.
But if he wandre in the ni+gt, he stomblith, for li+gt is not
in him. He seith these thingis, and aftir these thingis he
seith to hem, Lazarus, oure freend, slepith, but Y go to
reise hym fro sleep. Therfor hise disciplis seiden, Lord,
if he slepith, he schal be saaf. But Jhesus hadde seid of
his deth; but thei gessiden, that he seide of slepyng of
sleep. Thanne therfor Jhesus seide to hem opynli, Lazarus
is deed; and Y haue ioye for +gou, that +ge bileue, for Y was
not there; but go we to hym. Therfor Thomas, that is 
seid Didymus, seide to euen disciplis, Go we also, that we
dien with hym. And so Jhesus cam, and foond hym hauynge
thanne foure daies in the graue. And Bethany was bisidis
Jerusalem, as it were fiftene furlongis. And many of the
Jewis camen to Mary and Martha, to coumforte hem of her
brothir. 
<P XI,20>
Therfor as Martha herde, that Jhesu cam, sche
ran to hym; but Mary sat at home. Therfor Martha seide
to Jhesu, Lord, if thou haddist be here, my brother hadde
not be deed. But now Y woot, that what euere thingis
thou schalt axe of God, God schal +gyue to thee. Jhesus
seith to hir, Thi brother schal rise a+gen. Martha seith to
hym, Y woot, that he schal rise a+gen in the a+gen risyng in
the laste dai. Jhesus seith to hir, Y am a+gen risyng and lijf;
he that bileueth in me, +ghe, thou+g he be deed, he schal lyue;
and ech that lyueth, and bileueth in me, schal not die with
outen ende. Bileuest thou this thing? Sche seith to hym,
+Ge, Lord, Y haue bileued, that thou art Crist, the sone of
the lyuynge God, that hast come in to this world. And
whanne sche hadde seid this thing, sche wente, and clepide
Marie, hir sistir, in silence, and seide, The maister cometh,
and clepith thee. Sche, as sche herd, aroos anoon, and cam
to hym. And Jhesus cam not +git in to the castel, but he
was +git in that place, where Martha hadde comun a+gens hym.
Therfor the Jewis that weren with hir in the hous, and
coumfortiden hir, whanne thei sayn Marie, that sche roos
swithe, and wente out, thei sueden hir, and seiden, For
sche goith to the graue, to wepe there. But whanne Marie
was comun where Jhesus was, sche seynge hym felde doun
to his feet, and seide to hym, Lord, if thou haddist be
here, my brother hadde not be deed. And therfor whanne
Jhesu sai+g hir wepyng, and the Jewis wepynge that weren
with hir, he made noise in spirit, and troblide hym silf,
and seide, Where han +ge leid hym? Thei seien to hym,
Lord, come and se. And Jhesus wepte. Therfor the
Jewis seiden, Lo! hou he louede hym. And summe of hem
seiden, Whethir this (^man^) that openyde the i+gen of the      #
borun
blynde (^man^) , my+gte not make that this schulde not die?
Therfor Jhesus eft makynge noise in hym silf, cam to the
graue. And there was a denne, and a stoon was leid
theronne. And Jhesus seith, Take +ge awey the stoon.
Martha, the sistir of hym that was deed, seith to hym, Lord,
he stynkith now, for he hath leye foure daies. 
<P XI,40>
Jhesus seith
to hir, Haue Y not seid to thee, that if thou bileuest, thou
schalt se the glorie of God? Therfor thei token awei the
stoon. And Jhesus lifte vp hise i+gen, and seide, Fadir, Y
do thankyngis to thee, for thou hast herd me; and Y wiste,
that thou euermore herist me, but for the puple that stondith
aboute, Y seide, that thei bileue, that thou hast sent me.
Whanne he hadde seid these thingis, he criede with a greet
vois, Lazarus, come thou forth. And anoon he that was
deed, came out, boundun the hondis and feet with boondis,  
and his face boundun with a sudarie. And Jhesus seith
to hem, Vnbynde +ge hym, and suffre +ge hym to go forth.
Therfor many of the Jewis that camen to Marie and Martha,
and seyn what thingis Jhesus dide, bileueden in hym. But
summe of hem wente to the Farisees, and seiden to hem,
what thingis Jhesus hadde don. Therfor the bischopis and
the Farisees gadriden a counsel a+gens Jhesu, and seiden,
What do we? for this man doith many myraclis. If we
leeue hym thus, alle men schulen bileue in hym; and
Romayns schulen come, and schulen take our place and
oure folk. But oon of hem, Cayfas bi name, whanne he
was bischop of that +geer, seide to hem, +Ge witen nothing,
ne thenken, that it spedith to +gou, that o man die for the
puple, and that al the folc perische not. But he seide not
this thing to hym silf, but whanne he was bischop of that
+geer, he prophesiede, that Jhesu was to die for the folc,
and not oneli for the folc, but that he schulde gadere in
to oon the sones of God that weren scaterid. Therfor
fro that dai thei sou+gten for to sle hym. Therfor Jhesus
walkide not thanne opynli among the Jewis; but he wente
in to a cuntre bisidis desert, in to a citee, that is seid      #
Effren,
and there he dwellide with hise disciplis. And the pask of
the Jewis was ni+g, and many of the cuntrey wenten vp to
Jerusalem bifor the pask, to halewe hem silf. Therfor
thei sou+gten Jhesu, and spaken togidere, stondynge in the
temple, What gessen +ge, for he cometh not to the feeste day?
For the bischopis and Farisees hadden +gouun a maundement,
that if ony man knowe where he is, that he schewe, that thei
take hym.



<B CMLAW>
<Q M4 STA LAW STAT2> 
<N STATUTES II> 
<A X> 
<C M4> 
<O 1420-1500> 
<M X> 
<K X> 
<D EMO> 
<V PROSE> 
<T LAW> 
<G X> 
<F X> 
<W WRITTEN> 
<X X> 
<Y X> 
<H X> 
<U PROF> 
<E X> 
<J X> 
<I FORMAL> 
<Z STAT> 
<S SAMPLE X> 


[^TEXT:  STATUTES (II).
THE STATUTES OF THE REALM.
PRINTED BY COMMAND OF HIS MAJESTY
KING GEORGE THE THIRD IN PURSUANCE
OF AN ADDRESS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. II.
LONDON: DAWSONS OF PALL MALL, 1963 (1816).
SAMPLE 1:
II, PP. 524.10 - 535.42 (EX ROT. PARL. 4 HEN. VII.)
SAMPLE 2:
II, PP. 549.6  - 555.13 (CH. 1)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P II,524> 

[}AN ACT FOR THE GRAUNTING FORTH OF CO~MYSSIONS 
FOR SEWERS.}] 
 
   To the Kyng oure Sov~eigne lorde. Preyen the 
Co~mens in this youre p~sent p~liament assembled, that 
where in the p~liament of the right noble Prince Henr~ 
the vjth late Kyng of Englond holden at Westm~ the 
vjth yere of his Raigne, considred the greate Damages 
and Losses which then were by thencresse of Water in 
div~s parties of this youre Realme, and meny gretter 
hurtes likely shuld have come yf remedy in that 
behalfe shuld not hastly have be purveyed, yt was 
enacted ordeigned and graunted by auctorite of the 
same p~liament, that for x. yeres then next folowyng 
sev~all Comyssions of Sewers shuld be made to dyv~s 
p~sones, by the Chaunceller of Englond for the tyme 
beyng to be named in dyv~s parties of this your realme, 
where nede were, after the fourme and tenour of a 
Co~myssion in the seid Acte specified; And afterward 
in the p~liament of the seid late Kyng, holden at Westm~ 
the viij=th= yere of his raigne, by cause the Co~myssioners 
in the seid Co~myssions had not playne power ne 
auctorite to do p~fourme and execute thyng~ comprised 
<P II,525> 
in the seid Comyssions, yt was ordeigned and establisshed 
by the auctorite of the same p~liament, that all 
such Co~myssioners shuld have full power to make 
ordeigne and execute Statutes and Ordynaunces, and 
other thyngis doo, after the effecte and p=r=porte of the 
seid Co~myssions: And after the seid x. yeres passed, 
in the p~liament of the seid Kyng holden at Westm~ the 
xviij=th= yere of his reigne, yt was also ordeigned enacted 
and stablisshed by auctorite of the same p~liament, that 
for x. yeres then next folowyng sev~all Co~myssions of 
Sewers shuld be made to dyv~s p~sones, by the Chaunceller 
of Englond for tyme beyng to be named in all 
p~ties of this youre Realme where nede shuld bee, after 
the seid fourme and effecte of the seid Co~myssion 
conteyned in the seid acte made the seid vj=th= yere; and 
that suche Co~myssioners shuld have power to ordeigne 
and execute Statutes and Ordynaunces, and other 
thyngs doo, after the effecte and p=r=porte of the seid 
Co~myssions: And afterward in the p~liament of the 
seid late Kyng holden at Westm~ the xxiij=th= yere of his 
raigne, yt was also ordeyned enacted and stablisshed 
by auctorite of the same p~liament, that for xv. yeres 
then next folowyng, the Chaunceller of Englond for the 
tyme beyng shuld have power to make out of the 
Chaun~cy Co~myssions of Sewers undre the greate Seale, 
in such fourme as yt was graunted to be made by the 
seid Acte made the seid vj=th= yere; as in the seid Acte 
ys more playnly conteyned: And after the seid xv. 
yeres passed, in the p~liament of the noble Prynce 
Edward the iiij=th= late Kyng of Englond, holden at 
Westm~ the xij=th= yere of his raigne, yt was also ordeygned 
enacted and establisshed by auctorite of the 
same p~liament, that for xv. yeres then next folowyng 
sev~all Co~myssions of Sewers shuld be made to dyv~s 
p~sones, by the Chaunceller of Englond for the tyme 
beyng too be namyd, in all p~ties of this your Realme, 
And also of youre Marches of Caleis Guysnes and 
Hammes where need shuld bee, after the fourme and 
effecte of the seid Co~myssion conteyned in the seid 
Acte made in the seid vj=th= yere; And that all such 
Co~myssioners shuld have full power to make ordeigne 
and execute Statutes and ordynaunces, and other 
thyngs to doo, after theffecte and p=r=porte of the same 
Co~myssions; as in the same Acte more plainly is conteyned: 
By which Co~myssions, and auctoritie yeven to 
the seid Co~myssioners in the seid fourme, meny greate 
hurtes and inconvenyences in dyv~s p~ties of this yo=r= 
realme doon and had by encresse of Water were necessarily 
redressed refourmed and amended, yt is so nowe, 
Sov~eigne Lorde, that late aswell in youre Countees of 
Glouc~ and Som~s as elswhere in dyv~s p~ties of this 
youre Realme, and also within the boundes of youre 
seid Marchies of Caleis Guysnes and Hammes, by encresse 
of Waters dyv~s londes and tent~ in greate 
quantite been surrounded and destroied, and meny moo 
greate like hurtes and damages been like within short 
tyme to fall, aswell to decresse and destruccion of yo=r= 
lyvelode, Sov~eigne Lorde, as of the lyvelode of the 
Church and of other your true liege people of this 
youre Realme and of the seid Marchies, and anyentesment 
of the same, without that remedy in that behalfe 
be purveied and had: Lyke yt therfor youre Highnesse 
of yo=r= moost haboundant g=a=ce the p~mysses tenderly to 
considre, & by thadvyse and assent of the Lordes sp~uall 
and temp~all in this your p~sent p~liament assembled and 
by auctorite of the same p~liament, to ordeyngn enacte 
<P II,526> 
and establissh, that for xxv=ti= yeres next comyng sev~all 
Co~myssions of Sewers bee made, to dyv~s p~sones by 
the Chaunceller of Englond for the tyme beyng to be 
named in all p~ties of this yo=r= Realme and of the seid 
Marchies where nede ys or shall bee, after the fourme 
and effecte of the seid Co~myssion conteyned in the seid 
Acte made the seid vj=th= yere. And ov~ that to ordeyne 
and stablissh by the same auctorite, that all such 
Co~myssioners have full power to make ordeygne and 
execute Statutes and Ordyn=a=nces, and other thynges doo, 
after theffecte and p=r=porte of the same Co~myssion. 
 
[}AN ACTE FOR FYNERS OF GOLDE AND SYLVER.}] 
 
   Where as it was of old tyme and continued tyll 
now of late yeres, that ther was for the weale of the 
Kyng and the Realme Fynours and parters of Gold 
and Silver, by fyre and water, undre a reule and ordre 
belongyng to the Myntes of London Calice Caunturbury 
York and Doreh=a=m, and in other places where 
Myntes were holden, and at the Goldsmyths Hall in 
London, to fyne and parte all Golde and Sylver belongyng 
or nedefull for the seid Myntes and Felyship of 
Goldsmyths, for thademendment of Monyes and plate 
in the realme, that ev~y thyng myght be refourmed to 
the right stondard aswell in Monyes as plate to the 
lest Coste, for the wele of the Kyng his noble men of 
the Lond and comyn people; But so it is nowe, that 
all such fynours and partours of Gold and Sylver by 
fyre and Water dwellen abrode, in ev~y place of the 
Realme out of the rules aforseid, and bye gylt Silver 
from the Myntes Chaunges and Goldsmyths and parte 
and fyne yt as is aforeseid, and for the moost parte 
the Silver so fyned they doo alaie yt in dyv~se maners 
and sell yt at their pleasure, to ev~y man that will bye 
it of theym, to make suche Werke as pleasith the 
byers; therfor men can gete no fyne Sylver when they 
nede it for their Money, for thademendment of Money 
and plate as hath been in tymes passed, Wherfor yt 
causith Money and Plate in dyv~se places of the realme 
to be made wers in fynes then yt shuld be, as apperith 
evydently in dyv~s places, to the great hurt of the Kyng 
his noble men of the lond and comen people: Wherfor 
the Kyng oure Sov~eign lorde by thassent of the lordes 
sp~uall and temp~ell and the Co~mens in this p~sent parliament 
assemblid and by auctorite of the same, hath 
ordeyned establisshed and enacted that no fyner of 
Golde and Silver, nor parter of the same by fyre or 
water, fromhensforth alay no fyne Silver nor Golde, nor 
none sell in eny other wise ne to eny other parsone or 
parsones but only to thoffycers of myntes chaunges 
and Goldsmythes within this Realme, for agmentacion 
and mendyng of Coyn and plate as is aforeseid: And 
that the Maisters of Myntes Chaunges and Goldsmyths, 
for all such fyne Gold or Silver co~myng to theym, to 
answere the valure as it is worth, accordyng as it is 
nowe and hath been of auncient tyme accustumed after 
the rate of fynes; Ne that no fynour nor fynours parter 
nor partours sell to no p~sone, neither to on ne other, 
eny man~ of Sylver into Masse molten and alaid, upon 
payne of forfeiture of the same, the Kyng therof to 
have the on halfe and the fynder that can prove it 
and will sue it in the Kyng~ Eschequer the other halfe; 
And if eny fynour or fynours parter or perters of 
<P II,527> 
Gold and Silver either by fyre or water alay or sell 
eny fyne Sylver or Gold, otherwise than yt is ordeyned 
in this Acte, he or they to lese the valure of the same 
Gold or Silver so alaied or sold, the Kyng therof to 
have the on halfe and the fynder that can p~ve yt and 
will sue yt in the Kyng~ Exchequer the other half; 
Also all such fyne Silver as shall be parted and fyned 
as is aforeseid, that it be made so fyne that yt may 
bere xij peny Weght of alay in a pownd Weght, and 
yet be as goode as Sterlyng and rather better then 
werse: And that e~vy fyner put this sev~all merke upon 
such fyne Silver, to bere witnes the same to be true as 
is aforeseid, upon the payne of the Valure found cont=a=rie 
to be forfet, the Kyng therof to have the on half and 
the fynder that can p~ve it and will sue it in the Kyng~ 
Exchequer the other halfe. Also that no Goldsmyth 
nor Goldsmyths within this Realme melt and alaie eny 
fyne Silver, to ne for eny Werkes or other entent but 
only for makyng of Amell~ for dyv~se Werk~ of Goldsmythry, 
and for the admendyng of plate to make yt as 
good as Sterlyng or better, for the comyn Wele of this 
Realme; nor that they sell no fyne Silver nor other 
Sylver alaid molten into Masse to eny p~sone or parsones 
what so ev~ they be, nor one Goldsmyth to 
anoder: This Ordynaunce to be kept by the Goldsmyths 
in ev~y poynt, upon payne of forfaiture of the same 
Silver or the Valour therof, the Kyng therof to have 
the on half and the fynder that can prove it and 
will sue yt in the Kyng~ Eschequer the other halfe. 
Also be it ordeyned by the same auctorite that all l~res 
patentes and g=a=untes of Offices, belongyng or parteynyng 
to the Mynte of our Sov~eign lord the Kyng or 
exercised in the same with fees and wagis therto belongyng, 
be from hensforth voide and of non effect. 
 
[}AN ACTE THAT NOE BUTCHER SLEA ANY MANNER OF BEAST 
WITHIN THE WALLES OF LONDON.}] 
 
   To our liege lorde the Kyng and his Lordis Sp~uall 
and temp~ell and to his Comens in this p~sent p~liament 
assembled; Most humbly besechith y=r= habundant g=a=ce 
yo=r= pov~e Subgiet~ and oratours parisshens of the parisshes 
of Seynt Feyths and Seint Gregorys in London, 
next adjoynaunt unto the Cathedrall Church of Powles; 
That where as it ys so that the greate Concours of people 
aswell of yo=r= moost roiall p~sone as of other greate Lordes 
and estatis with other of yo=r= true Subgiettis is often 
tymes had into the seid Cathedrall Crirch of Powles, 
and for the moost parti thorowe out the parisshes 
aforseid, the which oft tyme is gretly anoyde and invenemd 
by corrupt eyrs, ingiendrid in the seid parisshes 
by occacion of blod, and other fouler thyng~ unto yo=r= 
most noble g=a=ce not to be named, by reason and occasion 
of the slaughter of bestes and skaldyng of Swyne 
had and doon in the bochery of Seynt Nycholas Flesshamles, 
whos corrupc~on by violence of unclene and 
<P II,528> 
putrified Waters is born down thorowe the seid parisshes, 
and compassith ij parties of +t=e= palace where 
youre moost roiall Estate is wount to abide when ye 
come to the seid Cathedrall Churche for eny acte to 
be don, to the jupardous abydyng of yo=r= moost noble 
p~sone, and to the ov~greate anoyans of the seid 
parisshons ther, and of other of your Subgiett~ and 
Straungers that passith by the same; complayant whereof 
at dyv~s and meny Seasons almost by the space of xvj 
yeres contynually, aswell by the Chanons and Petychanons 
of the seid Cathedrall Chirch, landlordis there, 
as also by meny other div~s of yo=r= Subgiet~ of right 
honest behavo=r=, unto dyv~s Meires and Aldermen of 
yo=r= Cite of London hath be made, and no remedy had 
ne found: Yt myght please your seid moost habound=a=unt 
grace both to provyd for the conservacion of yo=r= seid 
moost royall p~sone, as also to succour yo=r= pov~e Subgett~ 
in this behalve; considryng that in fewe noble 
Cytes and Townes or non within Krystendome, wher as 
travelyng men have labred, that the comen Slaughter 
howse of beestes shuld be kept in any speciall parte 
within the Walles of the same, lest yt myght ingendre 
syknes to the destruccion of the people, to ordeyne and 
establissh by thadvyce and assent of the lordes sp~uall 
and temp~all and the Co~mens in this p~sent p~liament 
assembled and by auctorite of the same, that no bocher 
nor his s~vaunt slee no man~ best within the seid house 
called the Skaldyng house, or within the walles of 
London, upon payne to forfeit for ev~ye Oxe xij d. and 
for ev~y Cough and ev~y other best viij d. the oon halfe 
therof to you Sov~eign Lord, and +te other halfe therof 
to ev~y youre lieges that will sue for the same by 
accyon of dette, and that no p~teccion or esson be alowed 
to eny of the Defendaunt~ ayenst whome eny such 
accion shall be conceyved; and that in the same accion 
of Dette such p~cesse be made as in other accions of 
dette sued at the comyn lawe. And ov~ this be it ordeyned 
and enacted by the seid auctorite, that the same 
ordynaunce acte and lawe extend and be obs~ved and 
kept in ev~y Cite Bourgh and Towne walled within this 
Realme of Englond, and in the Towne of Cambrigge, 
the Townes of Berwyk and Karlile only except and 
forprised. Provided alwey that this p~sent Acte begyn 
to take effecte at the fest of Annunciacion of oure Lady 
next coming and not afore. 
 
[}AN ACTE THAT ALL P~SONS SERVING THE KYNGE BEYOUND 
THE SEA IN BRYTTAUNE MAY HAVE THEIR P~TECC~ON OF 
(\P~FECTUR & MORATUR\) .}] 
 
   The Kyng oure Sov~eigne Lorde, for dyv~se causes 
and resonable consideracions hym movyng, by the 
assent of the lordes sp~uall and temp~all and the Comens 
in this p~sent parliament assembled and by auctorite of 
the same, hath enacted ordeyned and stablysshed, that 
ev~y p~sone of what condicion or degree he be of, beyng 
or herafter be in oure seid Sov~ayn lord the Kyng~ 
wagis beyonde the See in Brytayn, at his plesire have 
the p~teccion of (\profectur\) or (\moratur cu~ clausa          #
volum~\) ; 
and in the excepcion of the seid p~texion ther be made 
omyssion of assises; and that the seid p~texion be allowable 
in all the Kyngis Courtes, and other courtes where the 
seid p~texcions shall be pleded or layde, for eny of the 
<P II,529> 
seid p~sones, in all plees of assise aswell of Novell 
disseasyn as of fresh force without eny difficultie: 
Also be it enacted that the Jugementis to be yeven 
from hensfourth in suche assise arained or to be arained 
shall not be p~judiciall to eny of the seid p~sons so beyng 
in the s~vyce of our sov~eign lord the kyng in Britayn 
as is aforeseid, which have eny thyng in rev~cion or 
remaynder in londes or ten~tes wherof such assise be 
arained, yf the name of those p~sons which be in the 
rev~cion or the remaynder of such londes or ten~t~ be 
not in the seid assise, but that the seid Jugement be 
ayenst all them voide; the seid ordynaunce to endure 
and be available to ev~y of the seid p~sons as longe as he 
abydyth so in the kyng~ wages; and yf this ordyn=a=nce 
touchyng the seid p~sones so nowe abydyng or that after 
this shall abide in the s~vice of the kyng~ Highnes in 
Brytayn be not sufficient for the ease and suertis of 
theym, be it aggreed and accorded by the same auctorite, 
that oure sov~eygne Lord the kyng and the lordis of his 
counsell for the tyme beyng, have full power in all man~ 
of accions sut~ and p~cesse to graunt to ev~y of such 
p~sones p~teccion as shall be in their causes available, 
after their discression, duryng the tyme that they or 
eny of theym contynue in the seid arme or warre; 
Provided that this acte be not available to eny p~sone 
for eny entre sen the first day of this p~sent p~liament. 
Also be it enacted that yf eny dissent of eny londes or 
ten~t~ or eny other right or enheritament~ be to eny p~sone 
or p~sones beyng within this reame or els wher, that 
that dissent be of no gretter effect, to the damages or 
hurt of the seid p~sones beyng in the kyngs s~vice as is 
aforseid, then yf the seid p~sones in the kyngis s~vice so 
beyng were within the age of xxj yeres. 
 
[}AN ACTE FOR THE PASSING AND T=A=NSMUTAC~ON OF LAND~ 
WITHOUT FYNE.}] 
 
   Also be it ordeigned by the seid auctorite, that all 
such p~sones as shall passe over the See in the seid viage 
and ev~yche of theym, which have lond~ and ten~t~ holden 
of the kyng or eny other, shall mowe lawfully make 
therof fieoffment~ and t=a=nsmutac~on of possession by dede 
or dedis fyne or fynes recov~er or recov~ers, for the 
p~fourmauns of their willes, without eny fyne for the 
seid feoffement or t=a=nsmutacion of possession therfor to 
be made in; and that they and ev~y of them their heires 
and assignes and the heires and assignes of ev~y of 
theym be discharged of all such fynes by the said acte 
without l~res patentes of licence or p~don or other 
discharge to be had in that behalve. And ferthemore be 
it also ordeyned and enacted by the seid auctorite that 
yf eny of the seid p~sones so passyng in the seid viage, 
which hold londes or ten~t~ of the kyng or of eny other 
by knyghtis s~vice or otherwise, wherfor his heire oweth 
to be in warde, and fortune in the seid viage to discesse 
by yonde the See, or that eny feoffement of the same 
lond~ and ten~t~ be supposed to be made by collusion, 
the heier of the owner of the same londes and ten~t~ 
beyng within age, that then the feoffees or executo=r=s of 
such p~sone so decessed have the warde and mariage of 
the heier so beyng within age, and of the londes and 
tent~ so holden, duryng the noneage of ev~y such heier, 
to the p~formaunce of the will of the seid p~sone so 
decessed without eny accompt or other thyng therfor 
<P II,530> 
to be yelden: Provided alwey that yf eny p~sone or p~sones 
reteyned in the seid arme or viage resorte and come 
agayn yn to this reame discharged of the seid retinue 
arme and viage, or after the seid viage det~myned, that 
then eny feoffement, made by hym or eny other to his 
use of eny of the p~mysses, be voide and of noon effecte, 
to exclud the kyng and his heires or eny other, for the 
warde and mariage of the heier of eny of theym so 
co~myng into this reame by v~tue of this Acte. 
 
[}AN ACT TO MAKE VOIDE L~RES PATENT~ MADE TO ABBOTT~ 
PRYORS & OTHERS FOR GATHERING AND PAYING OF 
DYSMES.}] 
 
   The kyng oure Sov~eign Lord remembreth howe 
aswell his Highnes as dyv~s of his p~genytours and p~decessours
Kyngis of Englond have made and graunted, 
uppon feyned suggestions, to dyv~s Abbott~ Priours 
Gardens Masters or rulers of other sp~uall places 
and to their successours, dyv~s and many l~res patentes, 
som~e of theym to be quyte and discharged of gadryng 
of dysmes, and su~me of theym to be quite and discharged 
of payment of dismes, and su~me of theym to 
be quyte and discharged aswell of the gadryng of 
dysmes as of payment of dysmes, by the which ev~y 
dysme whan so ev~ yt be graunted is greatly mynysshed, 
and other places the more grevously charged with the 
gadryng of the same, remembreth also the great charges 
that nowe be in hand, and that the beryng therof must 
aswell be to the relief of theym that have such l~res 
patentes as to other of his subgiett~, hath therfor 
ordeyned and enacted by auctorite of this p~liament, that 
all the seid l~res patentes as for the p~myssez be voide 
and of noon effecte; by what so ev~ name or names 
thoo p~sones to whome the same l~res be made be called 
or named. 
 
<P II,531> 
[}AN ACTE THAT THE OFFICE OF STYWARD FORESTER KEEP OF 
THE FOREST OF INGLEWOOD SHALBE VOIDE.}] 
 
   For asmoch as thorough the negligence of 
Stiwards Foresters and other kepers within the 
Kyng~ Forest of Ingilwode in the Shire of Comberlond, 
and by mysusyng of theire Offices, the dere 
and game in the same is destroied and goon, by 
occasion wherof the seid Offices require non actuell 
excercisse; Be it therfor ordeyned and enacted by 
auctorite of this p~sent p~liament, that all l~res patentes 
made by the Kyng oure Sov~eigne Lorde of eny 
office within the seid Forest be, from the first day of 
this p~sent p~liament, voide and of none force ne effecte. 
<P II,532> 
Except and p~vided that yt be ordyned by the seid 
auctorite, that the l~res patentes late made by the 
Kyng to Thomas Lorde Dacre of Maister Foster of 
the seid forest, stand and be goode and effectuell to 
the same Thomas after the teno=r= and effecte of the 
same l~res patentes, the seid Acte not withstondyng. 
<P II,533> 
Provided also that this acte extend not ne be p~judiciall 
to Henry Erle of Northumberlond, of or for eny graunt 
l~res patentes or confirmacion made by the Kyng oure 
Sov~eigne Lorde to the seid Erle. 
 
[}AN ACTE THAT THE YEOMEN AND GROMES OF Y=E= KING~ 
CHAMBER GEVE THEIRE ATTENDAUNC~ ON THE KINGE.}] 
 
   Where dyv~se Yomen of the Corone, and Gromes 
of the Kyng our Sov~eign Lord~ Chamber, have dyv~s 
offices and fees g=a=unted to them by his l~res patentes, for 
the consideracion of their Attendauns in the Kyng~ 
s~vice, which doo nor endevo=r= not them selfe in yevyng 
their Attendaunce accordyng to their Dutie; Be it therfor 
establisshed inacted and ordeyned by this p~sent parliament 
and by auctorite of the same, that yf eny of the 
seid yomen or gromes doo nor yeff not their attendaunce 
aboute the Kyng~ Highnes, accordyng to the 
ordyn=a=nce of his Chambre, that then all l~res patentes 
to theym or eny of theym made, or herafter to eny 
such parsone or p~sones to be made, be of no better 
force ne effecte but at the Kyng~ plesire. 
 
[}WOLLEN CLOTH.}] 
 
   For asmoche as Drapers Taillours and othre in 
the Cite of London, and othre places within this realme, 
that use to sell Wollen Cloth at retaile by the yerdes, 
sellen a yerd of Cloth at excessive price havyng unresonable 
lucre, to the grete hurte and empov~ysshing of 
the Kinges liege people byers of the same, ayenst equite 
and gode conscience; Wherfor be it ordeyned by the 
King our Sov~eign Lord by thadvyse of the Lordes 
sp~uall and temporall and the Comons in this p~sent parliament
assembled, and by auctorite of the same, that noe 
p~sone sell within this realme at retaile a brode yerde of 
Wollen Cloth of the fynest making scarlet grayned, or 
othre cloth grayned what colour soev~ it be, to eny of the 
Kingis subgiettes above the price of xvj s. a brode yerde; 
And a brode yerde of Wollen Cloth of any othre colour 
out of grayne, or eny man~ russet of the fynest, not above 
the price of xj s. upon peyn to forfeit for ev~y such yerd 
sold to eny the Kingis Subgiettis above the seid prises 
<P II,534> 
xl s. and of ev~y othre Cloth what colour so ev~ it be 
that is under the seid prises, abrode yerde to be sold to 
the Kingis subgiettes after the rate of the godenesse 
therof; And he that woll sue for eny suche forfeiture 
have an accion of dette therof ayenst him that so doth 
forfeit, In whiche accion non esson ner p~teccion be 
allowable, and the Defendaunt not to be admitted to 
wage his lawe; The Kyng to have the Execucion of 
the oon half therof, and the partie that shall sue have 
the othre half: this ordenaunce to begynne and take 
effecte from the fest of Seint Thomas thappostell in the 
yere of oure lorde God M=l=CCCClxxxix. And the 
same Ordenaunce before the same fest within the seid 
Citie of London to be p~claymed. 
 
[}HATTES & CAPPES.}] 
 
   Prayen the Comens in this p~sent parliament 
assembled, that where afore this tyme it hath bee dailly 
used and yet is, that c~teyn craftymen named Hatmakers 
and Kapmakers doth sell their hattes and cappes at 
suche an outrageous price, that where an hatte standeth 
not theym in xvj d. they woll sell it for iij s. or xl d. 
and also a Cappe that standith not them in xvj d. they 
woll sell it for iiij s. or v s; And bicause they knowe 
well that ev~y man must occupie theym, they woll sell 
theym at none esier price, to the grete charge and 
damages of the Kingis subjettes and ayenst all gode 
reason and consciens: Wherfor be it ordeyned enacted 
and establisshed by thadvyce of the lordis sp~uall and 
tem~pell in this p~sent parliament assembled, and by 
auctorite of the same, that no hatter nor capper nor 
othre p~sone sell nor put to sell any hatte to any of the 
Kingis Subjettes above the price of xx d. the best, nor 
any Cappe above the price of ij s. viij d. the best at the 
moste; And for all the Hattes and Cappes under that 
value to be sold at such a price as the byer and seller 
may resonably aggre; uppon peyn of forfeiture for ev~y 
hatte or cappe othirwise sold above the price above 
seid xl s; the one moite thereof to be to you Sov~eign 
Lord and the othre moite to the party that woll sue 
and p~ve the seid forfeiture, by accion or by accions of 
Dette, by Writte at the co~en Lawe, by bill or playnte 
after the custome of Cite or Towne where it shall 
fortune such forfeitures to be; in the whiche like p~cesse 
juggement and execucion be hadde as is used in accions 
billes or pleynt~ of dette sued after the course of the 
co~en lawe, or custome of Towne or Citee aforeseid; 
And that the Defend=a=unt in any suche accions billes or 
pleyntes be not admitted to doo his lawe, nor that eny 
p~teccion or esson therin be allowed: this Ordenaunce to 
begyn and take effecte from the fest of Seint Thomas 
thappostel in the yere of our Lord M=l=CCCClxxxix. 
and the same Ordinaunce before the seid fest within the 
Citie of London to be p~claymed. 
 
[}AN ACT AGAYNST BRINGING INTO THIS REALME WYNES 
IN FORRAYNE BOTTOMES.}] 
 
   To the Kyng oure Sov~eigne Lorde; Prayen the 
Co~mens in this p~sent parliament assemblid, that where 
greate mynysshyng and dekaie hath been nowe of late 
tyme of the Navie of this realme of Englond, and 
Idelnes of the maryn~s within the same, by the which 
this noble Reame within short p~cesse of tyme without 
refourmac~on be had therin shall not be of habilite ne 
power to defend it self; Wherfor pleas it your Highnes 
by thadvyse of the lordes sp~uellx & temporelx in this 
<P II,535> 
p~sent p~liament assembled and by auctorite of the same, 
to ordeyne stablissh and enacte, that no man~ of p~sone 
of what degree or condition that be, conveie or 
bryng into this seid Realme Irlond Wales Caleis or 
the Marches therof or Berwyk, from the fest of the 
Nativyte of Seynt John Baptist that shall be in the yere 
of oure Lorde God. a M=l=CCCClxxxx, eny man~ 
Wynes of the growyng of the Duchie of Guyen or 
Gascoigne, or Woode called Tolowse Woede, but suche 
as shall be conveied aventred and brought in Shippe 
or Shippes wherof ye Sov~eign Lorde or some of youre 
Subgett~ of this Reame of Englond Irlond Wales Caleis 
or Berwik been owners possessours & p~prietaries, and 
the Maister undre God and the maryn~s of the same 
Shippe or Shippes Englissh Irish or Walssh, or men of 
Berwyk, or men of Caleis or of the Marches of the same, 
for the more parte; uppon paien to forfeite the same 
Wynes and Woode so brought cont=a=rie to this acte, the 
on halfe therof to yo=r= Highnes and the other halfe to 
hym or theym that seasith the same Wyne or Woode. 
And also to ordeyne and stablisshe by the seid auctorite, 
that no p~sone inh~ited within this realme, other then 
Marchauntes strangers, from the seid fest of Seynt John, 
freight nor charge within this Reame or Walis, eny Ship 
or other Vessell of eny Alyen or Straunger, with eny 
man~ Merchaundisez to be caried out of this Realme or 
Wales or to be brought into the same, yf he may have 
sufficient freight in Shippes or Vessellez of the deynseyns 
of this Reame in the same port where he shall 
make his freight; uppon payne to forfeite the same 
marchandisez, the oon halfe therof to you Sov~eign 
Lorde, and the other halfe to hym or theym which seasith 
the same marchaundisez. Provided alwey that this acte 
extend not to eny Shipp or Shippes, havyng eny of the 
seid Wares or marchaundisez, constreyned by tempast of 
Weder or enemyes to arrive in eny porte or place within 
this youre Reame; so that the owners of the seid warez 
and merchaundisez make therof no sale within this 
Realme, otheir then for vitaill or repairyng of the same 
Shipp or Shippes or takelyng therof, which they of 
necessite be compelled to make. 
 

<S SAMPLE 2> 
<P II,549> 
 
[}CHAPTER I. 
AN ACT AGAYNST CAPTAYNES FOR NOT PAYING THEIRE SOLDYERS THEIR   #
WAGES, AND AGAYNST SOLDYERS GOING FROM THEIR CAPTAYNES W=TH=OUT #
LICENCE.}]
 
   Forasmoche as yt is notoriously knowen that the King to his  #
gret costes and charges hath sent his 
Ambassiatours to Charlis his Adv~sarie of Fraunce to have had a #
convenient peas with hym and to have his right 
without effusyon of xp~en blode, which was refusid; Wherfore    #
the King by the g=a=ce of God in whoes handes and disposicion 
restith all Victorie, hath det~myned hym self to passe ov~ the  #
See in to his Realme of Fraunce and to reduce the 
possession therof by the seid g=a=ce to hym and his heires      #
Kinges of Englond according to his rightfull title, wherby he 
trustith not only to bring this his Realme to the auncien fame  #
and honour, but also to inriche and set in p~fite peace 
and tranquillite his Subgettis of the same, trustyng that       #
therby the more p~te of all x~pen Realmes shalbe in the more    #
p~fite 
peace and tranquillite and the better disposed to s~ve God,     #
whiche cannot be done by all liklihode without Batell aswell on 
the See as in other places beyonde the See, wherin Almyghty God #
must be Jugge, in whoes defence m~cy and goodnes the 
King putteth his full trust above all other thynges; hou be yt  #
many times by thinordinat covetise of Capitaynes reteyned 
with Princes afore this tyme, gret p~te of the noumbre of the   #
Souldeours for whom suche Capitaynes have endentid with 
Princes, at tyme of nede have lakked of their noumbre of        #
Souldiers, wherby gret jubardies have ensued and irrecup~able 
damages there may ensue yf remedy be not therfore forseen and   #
had: Be yt therfor ordeyned by auctorite of this p~sent 
parliament that if eny Capteyn be reteyned or herafter shalbe   #
to s~ve the King on the See or beyonde the See in feet 
of Werre, which have not his or their hool and p~fite noumbre   #
of men and Souldeours according as he shalbe reteyned 
with the King, or yeve not theym their full Wages w=t=out       #
[{abriggement{] as he shall receyve of the King for theym,      #
except 
for Jakettis for theym that receyve land Wages, that is to sey  #
vj s. viij d. for a yoman and xiij s. iiij d. for a Gentilman 
for an hole yere, he shall for suche defaute forfeite to the    #
King all his goodes and catalles and their bodies to prison. 
And that ev~y Capteyn Petycapteyn and all other havyng under    #
theym retynue of any Souldeour or Souldeours atte 
Kinges Wages shall uppon the peyn aforeseid pay to their        #
retynue of Souldeour or Souldeours and ev~y of the same, 
the Wages ratably as is allowed unto theym by the King oure     #
Sov~ayn Lord or the Tresorer of his Warres w=t=out 
lessyng or withdrawing of eny p~te therof and for as longe tyme #
as they shall receyve Wages for theym, this 
payment unto the seid retynues and ev~y Souldeour of the same   #
of their Capitaynes and Petycapteyns alweyes w=t=in vj 
daies next and ymmediately after that the seid Capteyn          #
Petycapteyn or other shall have receyved their Wages of the 
King or of the Tresorer of his Werres or of their Lordes or     #
Maistres. And yf any Souldeour being no Capteyn 
ymmediatly reteigned with the King, which herafter shalbe in    #
Wages and reteyned or take any prest to s~ve the King 
uppon the See, or uppon the londe beyonde the See, dep~te oute  #
of the Kinges sv~ices w=t=out licence of his Capteyn that 
suche departyng be taken demed and ajuged felony; and that he   #
so offendyng suffre for the seid offence punysshement 
and execucion of felony: And for asmoche as his offence         #
stretchith to the hurt and jop~die of the King oure Sov~ayn 
Lord, the nobles of the Realme and of all the co~en wele        #
therof, that therfor he or they so offendyng enjoye not the 
benefice of his Clergie. 
<P II,550> 
   And that it be ordeyned by the seid auctorite that the       #
Justicez of the peas of ev~y Shire of Englond where eny 
suche offendours be taken have power to enquere of the seid     #
Offences, and the same to here and det~myn as they do 
and may do of felonyes trespasses and other offenc~ exp~ssid in #
the Kinges Co~myssion to theym made, as though the 
seid Offenc~ were done in the same Shire. And also that the     #
seid dep~tyng of suche Souldeours and also theyr 
reteyners if yt be t=a=versid be tried in the same Shire where  #
they be for suche cause arrested and arreigned. 
 
   Provided alwey that no Capteyn be charged by this acte for   #
lakke of his noumbre reteyned as is above seid whoes 
Souldeours shall happe to dye or other wise dep~te not in the   #
defaute of the Capteyn; So that the seid Capteyn if he be 
at land wages shewe the dep~tyng or lakkyng of his Souldeour    #
w=t=in x. daies after the lakkyng of the seid Souldeour 
unto the Tresorer of the Werres; Or if the Capteyn be at See    #
Wages, yf he shewe the dep~ting or lacking of the 
Souldeour so lacking, to the Admyrall of the navy where he is   #
reteyned, atte next metyng with the seid Admyrall. 
 
[}CHAPTER II. 
AN ACT FOR DYVERS PRIVILEG~ TO BE GRAUNTED TO P~SONS BEING IN   #
THE KING~ WARRS.}] 
 
   Where by the g=a=ce of Almyghty God the King oure Sov~ayn    #
Lord intendeth in his most Royall p~son to take 
his viage Royall in to the [{lond{] of Fraunce ageyn his        #
auncient enmyes of the same Realme, accompanyed in 
the seid Viage with gret multitude of the most honorable actif  #
p~sons and true subgett~ of this his Realme of Englond, 
aswell for the defence of his most noble p~son as for the       #
defence of theym self and of all the inh~itantes w=t=in this    #
his 
seid Realme of Inglond to the high laude fame and preyse of the #
King oure Sov~ayn Lord and of all thoes which shall 
accompany hym in the seid Viage either by see or lond: Wherfor  #
the King oure Sov~ayn Lord by thadvyce and assent 
of the lordes sp~uelx and temporelx and the Co~mens of this     #
p~sent parliament assembled and by auctorite of the same, 
enacteth ordeyneth and establissheth that ev~y p~son of what    #
condicion or degre he be of being or herafter shalbe in oure 
seid Sov~ayn Lord the Kinges Wages beyonde the See or on the    #
See at his pleso=r= have the p~teccion of (\p~fectur~\) or 
(\moratur~ cum clausa volum~\) ; And that the seid p~teccion be #
allowed in all the King~ Courtes and other Courtes where the 
seid p~teccions shalbe pleded or leyed for any of the seid      #
p~sons in all plees; plees of Dowre in the Writte of Dowre unde 
(\nichil h~et, quare impedit\) and assise of darreign           #
p~sentment except. Provided that this acte be not available to  #
eny p~son 
for any entre syn the first day of this p~sent parliament. 
 
   Also be yt enacted that the Jugement~ to be yeven frome      #
[{thensforth{] in suche assise arreigned or to be arreigned 
shall not be p~judiciall to eny of the seid p~sons, so being in #
the s~vice of oure Sov~ayn Lord the King as is aforeseid, 
which have any thing in Rev~sion or remaynder in londes or      #
ten~tis wherof suche assise be arreigned, yf the name of 
thoes p~sons which be in rev~sion or the remaynder of suche     #
londes and ten~tis be not in the seid Assisse, but that the     #
seid
Jugement be ayenst theym all voide.  
   Also be it enacted that yf any discent of any londes or      #
ten~tis or any o+t=r= right or inheritament~ be to any p~son or 
p~sons being within this Realme or elswhere, That +t=t= discent #
be not gretter in effecte to the damages or hurt of the 
seid p~sons being in the King~ s~vice as is aforeseid, then yf  #
the seid p~sons in the King~ s~vice so being were w=t=in thage 
of xxj yeres. 
 
   Also be yt enacted by the same auctorite that ev~y of the    #
p~sons passing in the seid viage may by their wrytyng~ 
under their Seale make their Attorney to entre into all         #
[{thos{] londes and tenement~ rentes and s~vices which to theym #
be 
commen by discent reverter or remaynder; And also to do alman~  #
of suytes aswell sute s~vice as sute [{Riall{] and to make 
feoffamentis of londes, and to make g=a=unt~ of Rentis          #
rev~sions and s~vices, and also to attourne and all other       #
thing~ to 
do according to thentent and effect of his Warrant for and in   #
his name as plen~ly and frely as he hymself shuld do 
aswell where that the seid Warrant of Attourney is made beyonde #
the See as on this [{half;{] And yf yt fortune that in 
the execucion of any Article comprised in the seid Warrant any  #
man will t=a=vers that the seid Warrant is not the dede of 
hym that is named to be the maker of the seid Warrant, then     #
that issue shalbe tried where the Attourney named in the 
seid Warrant put the seid Article in execucion; The seid        #
Orden=a=nce to endure and be available to ev~y of the seid      #
p~sons 
as longe as he abideth so in the King~ Wages. 
 
   Be yt also ordeyned be the same auctorite that they and      #
their feoffes to the use of ev~y of theym may have and have 
licence under the King~ grete Seale w=t=out any fyne or fee by  #
theym to be payed to make feoffementis alienacion and 
g=a=unt~ of their honours Castels Maners londes and ten~tis     #
Rentes s~vices annuities and other their inhereditament~ and 
possessions with their appo=r=ten=a=nc~ according to the right  #
title and int~esse that they or any of theym have in the same 
to suche as shall pleas theym; And the same feoffes to receyve  #
the same hono=r=s Castels and other the p~mysses of 
what man~ of estate shall pleas theym accordyng to their seid   #
int~esse, to that intent that they therof may make their 
willes for payment of their dettis rentes charges and other     #
thing~. And yf it happe eny suche owno=r= to whos use the 
seid feoffement shalbe made to dye duryng the seid viage and in #
the seid s~vice being with the King his heire being w=t=in 
age, That all suche feoffes or other suche p~sons as the same   #
feoffoure or owno=r= shall depute and assigne, shall have the 
<P II,551> 
same hono=r=s Castels and other the p~mysses with               #
thappo=r=ten=a=nc~ to the use and p~fourmyng of the Wille of    #
the same 
p~son or owno=r= that so [{dissesith{] ymmediatly frome the     #
deth of the seid p~son or owno=r= so dying during the time of 
iiij yeres than next ensuyng after his deth; And yf any suche   #
p~sone come or retorne with the King, that the same feoffes or 
suche p~sons as the same owner shall depute, shall have the     #
same londes and ten~tis towardes the p~formance of the same 
by iij yeres ymmediatly ensuyng after the same reto=r=ne; and   #
if eny suche p~sone so retournyng lyve iij yeres after any 
suche [{turnyng{] or after that the seid iiij yeres afore       #
exp~ssed be expired, that fromthensfourth the same p~son his    #
feoffes 
nor executo=r=s nor the same other p~sons shall take no benefyt #
nor p~fite by this acte; but that ev~y suche feoffement frome 
thensfourth be no lenger in his force strengh~t nor effecte. 
 
   And be yt ordeyned by the seid auctorite that the King oure  #
Sov~ayn Lord have the mariage of the heires being w=t=in 
age of the p~sons so going with the King in his seid vyage, yf  #
the same p~son so going holde of the King any landes be 
Knyghtes s~vice tyme of his discease, in like man~ and fourme   #
as yf this acte had not ben made and in none oder wise, 
And ov~ that the p~fites of the seid lond duryng the nowne age  #
of any suche heire, after the seid iiij or iij yeres det~myned 
and expired as is aforeseid. 
 
   Also be yt enacted by the said auctorite that yf it happen   #
any of the Auncestres of the seid p~sons so beyng in the 
Kinges viage to dye holdyng eny londes or ten~tis or other      #
inhereditamentis of the King in suche wise as he by the ordre 
of the co~en lawe ought to sue lyv~e for the same, oute of the  #
Kinges hondes, the seid p~son then being in the seid viage 
and of full age to have licence of the King oure Sov~aign Lord  #
to entre by theym or their Attorney into the seid Man~s 
londes and ten~tis and other inhereditament~, and that entre by #
force of the seid licence be as gode and available to hym 
and to his heires as though he had sued lyv~e oute of the King~ #
hond~ of the p~myssez by cours of the lawe. 
 
Also be yt enacted by the same auctorite that forasmoche as     #
Serjaunt~ of Armes that be purposely ordeyned for the 
p~sonal attendaunce of the p~son of our Sov~ayn lorde +te King  #
and they to awayte of suche noble p~sons as shall pleas 
his Highnes to assigne theym, Therfore yf any Serjaunt of Armes #
havyng eny fee for the seid office go not with the 
Kinges g=a=ce in this viage ov~ the See havyng no licence of    #
the King~ Highn~ under the grete Seale to be oute of the seid 
Armye, that he forfeite his fee g=a=untid to him for exersisyng #
of the seid office. 
 
   And that yt be ordeyned by the same auctorite that yf eny    #
p~sone being seised of eny londes or ten~tes in fee symple 
holding of the King in chief be Knightes s~vice, and make       #
feoffeme~t therof by the King~ licence as is aforeseid, that 
the same feoffement be good till the willes of suche p~son so   #
goyng with the King be p~fourmed, so and under condicion 
that he dye in s~vice of the King being beyonde the See. 
 
   Provyded alwey that the seid feoffement of londes in fee     #
simple be not p~judiciall to theires of suche feffour for any 
title in taill or to eny other of the King~ Subgett~ for any    #
o+t=r= title to the same before the said feoffement. 
 
Also be yt ordeyned that yf eny p~son going ov~ with the King   #
have covenaunted or shall covenaunt or agree that 
his son or doughter shall espouse or mary son or doughter       #
of eny p~son, that the same coven=a=nt or agrement stand 
good and effectuell ayenst the King and his heires and the King #
to be excluded of the value of the mariage therof or 
therfor, though so be any of the same Sonnes or Doughters so to #
be married or espoused be w=t=in the yeres of consent; 
So that thoes espousels be solempnysed in Churche Chapell or    #
Oratory before the King~ depting, and so the same p~son 
so going disceas in the King~ s~vice the King beyng beyond the  #
See. 
 
[}CHAPTER III. 
AN ACTE FOR WAIGHT~ AND MEASURES.}] 
 
   To the King oure Sov~ayn Lord: 
Prayen the Co~mens in this p~sent parliament assembled, that    #
where aswell by the Chartre of Magna Carta as 
by oder div~s orden=a=nc~ and Statutes made in div~se           #
parliament~ in the tyme of yo=r= noble p~genitours and 
p~decessours, It hath be ordeyned that oon mesure and one       #
Weight shuld be throughoute all this Realme of Englond, 
which Weight and Mesure shuld be according to the Standard of   #
yo=r= Escheker, And that ev~y Man shuld by and selle 
by the same and with none oder uppon c~teyn peynes and          #
forfeitures lymyted in the seid Statut~ and Orden=a=nc~ as in 
theym more pleynly yt doth appere; Which Statutes and           #
orden=a=nc~ have not in tyme passed ne yet be put in due 
execucion, Wherfor yo=r= g=a=ce of your most blessid            #
disposicion entendyng reformacion in the p~missez and that      #
indifferent 
Justice shuld be had and exercised amonge all yo=r= Subgett~    #
w=t=in this yo=r= seid Realme according to theffect of the seid 
Statut~ and orden=a=nc~, and considering that in div~s partes   #
of this yo=r= seid Realme ther be used mesures and weightes
som more large than the seid Standard and som lesse because     #
that the very true mesure of the seid Standard is not to 
all yo=r= true lieges verily knowen, at your owne p~pre cost    #
and charge have do lette make bothe Weightes and mesures 
of Brasse according to [{the{] very true Standard, Which yt may #
pleas yo=r= seid g=a=ce by thadvyce and assent of the lordes 
sp~uall and temporall in this p~sent parliament assembled and   #
by auctorite of the same, to ordeyn stablissh and enact 
that the seid mesures and weightes of Brasse be delyv~ed to the #
Citezeins or Burgeises of the chief Cites or Shire Townes 
or Burghes of ev~y Shire of this Realme in this parlement nowe  #
being, or to the Chief Officers of ev~y suche Cites Shire 
Townes or Burghes where suche Citezens or Burges lak, by        #
Indenture therof to be made betwene the Tresorer of 
Englond or Under Tresorer for the tyme being, And the seid      #

Citezens Burgeises or other Chief Officers aforseid so 
<P II,552> 
theym receyvyng, saufly to be conveyed to that Cite Towne or    #
Borough that they be of, at the Cost and Charge of the 
seid Cite Towne or Borough, and to be delyv~ed to the Maire     #
Shiref Baillif or other the Chief Officer of the same, there to 
rest as your Tresour in the Custodie of the seid Chief Officer  #
of the seid Cite Towne or Borough for the tyme being 
and of his Successours for ev~, to thentent that aswell all     #
mesures and weightes w=t=in the seid Cite Towne or Borough as 
the mesures and weightes w=t=in the seid Shire may be correct   #
reformed amended and made according and after the 
mesure of the seid Standard before the feste of Seynt Mighell   #
tharchangell next co~myng. And that the seid Chief Officer 
for the tyme beyng in ev~y suche Cite Towne or Borough have for #
that cause a speciall Marke or Seale, to do marke 
ev~y suche Weight and mesure so made to be reformed and brought #
unto hym w=t=out fraude or delaye. And that he 
take for his labo=r= for sealyng of ev~y Busshell j.d. of ev~y  #
other mesure ob~. of ev~y C. Weight j.d. of ev~y di C. ob~. 
and of ev~y weight under, q=a=, and not above uppon peyn to     #
forfeite for ev~y tyme that he refusith or dothe the cont=a=rie 
xl.s. the oon half therof to be to you Sov~ayn Lord and the     #
other half to hym that is greved and will sue in that behalf 
by accion of Dette to be recov~ed after the cours of the Co~en  #
lawe, and +t=t= the Defendant in eny suche accion be not 
receyved to wage his Lawe. And that the Justices of peace in    #
ev~y Shire of Englond have full auctorite and power 
to enquere here and det~myn the seid defaultes, And ov~ that,   #
that opyn p~clamacion be made in ev~y Shire of this 
yo=r= seid Realme that no man bye ne selle after the seid feste #
of Seynt Mighell by eny other Weight or mesure than is 
according to the seid Standard upon suche peynes and            #
forfeitures as is lymyted in the seid Statutes. 
 
[}CHAPTER IV. 
AN ACT THAT Y=E= CHALLENGE CALLED (\RIENS DEYNS LE GARD\) BE    #
NOE CHALLENGE.}] 
 
   To the King oure Sov~ayn lord. 
Prayen the Comyns in this p~sent p~liament assembled that where #
of long tyme used in eny issue to be tried 
within the Cite of London a chalenge comenly called (\Riens     #
Deyns le garde\) hath been admytted for a good 
chalenge, so that none issue coude be tried in no Warde w=t=out #
that there were iiij sufficient p~sons of lyvelode to the 
yerely value of xl s. above all charges w=t=in the same Cite,   #
and dwelling or havyng eny lyvelode w=t=in the same Warde, 
And it is so nowe, the cause God knoweth why, that there is no  #
Warde or ellis but fewe, and in especiall in plee of 
lond, that eny pleyntif or demaundaunt canne have sufficient    #
triall in his mater as evydently is knowen for the cause of 
chalenge aforeseid, for in the moste parte of Wardes as now     #
there be none sufficiant, and if any be ther ar none Officers 
that dare somonde theym, or els if they be somonde they will    #
not appere, their havour is so gret and their am~ciament~ 
so litill; That yt pleas yo=r= most habondaunt g=a=ce by        #
thadvyce of the lordes sp~uell and temporell and by the         #
auctorite 
of this p~sent parliament to ordeyn for the Co~en wele of yo=r= #
true subgett~ establisshe and enacte that frome hensforth 
the chalenge comenly callid (\Riens Deyns le garde\) be no      #
chalenge but utterly voide and of none effecte: Savyng to 
ev~y p~son all man~ of other chalenges what so ev~ they be      #
according to the lawe. 
 
[}CHAPTER V. 
AN ACTE THAT ABBOTT~ & PRYORS SHALL PAYE SUCH QUINZIME & DISME  #
AS THEY OUGHT TO PAYE AN ACT IN THE TYME 
OF KING EDW. THE FOWERTH.}] 
 
   The King oure Sov~ain lord remembreth howe aswell his        #
Highnes as div~s his p~genitours and p~decessours King~ of 
Englond have made and g=a=untid aswell uppon feyned suggestions #
as other wise to dyvers Abbottes Priours 
Gardeyns Kepers Maisters and Rulers or Sov~ayns of sp~uall      #
places and to their successours div~s and many g=a=unt~ and 
l~res patent~ that they and their successours and their         #
ten=a=nt~ and s~vaunt~ Resceaunt~ uppon their londes and        #
ten~tis, 
and also all londes and ten~t~ rent~ godes and catalles of      #
theym and of their seid ten=a=nt~ and s~vaunt~ whatsoev~ 
Resceaunt~ uppon their seid londes and ten~tis shalbe quyte     #
and discharged of all quinzimes and dismes and other 
quotes taxes and tallages by the Co~ialte of this his Realme in #
any wise g=a=unted or to be g=a=untid, by colo=r= of which 
g=a=unt~ and l~res patent~ the [{g=a=unt~{] afore seid nowe in  #
late daies have asked and yet aske deduccions and allowaunc~ 
at ev~y quinzime and disme g=a=untid unto oure seid sov~ayn     #
Lord the King of moche gretter and more excessive sommes of 
money then hath ben allowed or deducted unto theym by reason of #
their seid g=a=unt~ tyme passed; Wherethrugh ev~y 
quinzime and disme to the King before this tyme g=a=untid and   #
herafter to be g=a=untid is and of liklyhode shalbe gretly 
mynysshed and lessed, and the pore Comen people of this Realme  #
somoche the more grevosly asessed and charged to 
the same quinzimez and dismez, Remembreth that the bering and   #
employing therof [{most{] aswell be to the Relief of 
theym and their seid ten=a=nt~ fermours and s~v=a=nt~ that have #
suche g=a=unt~ and l~res patent~ as to other of his Subgett~,   #
hath 
therfor by thassent and advyse of the lordes sp~uall and        #
temporell and of the Comens in this p~sent parliament assembled 
and by auctorite of the same p~liament, ordeyned enacted and    #
establisshed that the seid Abbottes Priours Gardeyns Kepers 
Maisters and Rulers or Sov~ayns of sp~uall places nor none of   #
theym, nor none o+t=r= whatsoev~ havyng suche l~res or g=a=unt~ 
have fromhensforth by reason of the seid l~res patent~ and      #
g=a=unt~ any allowaunce deduccion or acquyteill of eny 
more or gretter su~mes of money at eny suche Quinzime and dysme #
g=a=untid or herafter to be g=a=untid except only of 
suche and asmoche su~mes of money as hath been deducted and     #
allowed to or for theym or any of theym by reason or 
<P II,553> 
force of the seid g=a=unt~ and l~res patent~ in the tyme of     #
King Edward the fourth at suche quinzime and disme to hym 
g=a=unted and payed; the seid g=a=unt~ and l~rez patent~ or eny #
acte statute or orden=a=nce before this tyme in any wise made 
or ordeyned natw=t=standyng. 
 
   Provyded alwey that this acte or orden=a=nce extende not nor #
in any wise be p~judiciall or hurte to any oure g=a=unte 
or g=a=unt~ or l~res patent~ bering date the xij day of         #
Decembr~ in the first yere of oure reign, made unto the         #
Bailliff~ 
Burgeises Men Co~ialtie and Inh~itaunt~ of the Towne of Salop   #
called otherwise the Towne of Shrewesbury; but that 
oure seid g=a=unt and g=a=untes and l~res patentes and ev~y     #
thing therin conteyned be and stonde good and effectuell after  #
the 
tenure and purport of the same; The seid acte and orden=a=nce   #
or any thing therin conteigned notw=t=stonding. 
 
[}CHAPTER VI. 
(\CONT=A= SCOTOS.\) }] 
 
   The King oure Sov~ayn Lord hath had to his gret coste and    #
charge many assembles and commynycacions with 
the King of Scott~ for amyte trewes and peas to be had obs~ved  #
betwixe his Highnes and his subgett~ on the 
oone part, and the King of Scott~ and his Subgett~ on +te other #
part, but what accorde or agrement so ev~ be taken 
and concluded, suche accorde and aggrement for the part of the  #
seid King of Scott~ [{yt{] is ev~ under their surest p~myse 
broken and not kept, For the which it is better to be with      #
theym at opyn werre than under such a feyned peas; Wherfor 
the King oure Sov~ayn Lord by thadvyce and assent of the lordes #
sp~uelx and temporelx and the Co~mens in this p~sent 
parliament assembled and by auctorite of the same enacteth,     #
that all Scott~ dwellyng within this Realme of Englond and 
Wales not made or herafter be made denezyn avoyde oute of this  #
Realme within xl. daies after p~clamacion made 
w=t=in the Shire where they dwelle, uppon peyn of forfeiture of #
all their godes and catalles and their bodies to prison. 
And ov~ this that ymmediatly after the seid xl. daies serche be #
made in ev~y Cite Borough and hundred of Englond and 
Wales for suche Scott~ by the Constables of the same, and yf    #
any may be founde that they and ev~y of theym be taken 
and arrested and their godes seased to the King~ use, and frome #
the seid Cite Borough or Hundred where they be taken 
to be by the seid Constables conveyed the next wey toward       #
Scotlond unto the next hundred, and there the Constables 
of the seid next Hundred to resceyve theym and so conveie the   #
seid Scott~ the next wey toward Scotlond unto the next 
Hundred, and so frome Hundred to Hundred till they be brought   #
into Scotlond, in like man~ and fourme as abjured 
men for felony be used to be conveyed frome the Seyntwarie      #
wherin they abjure unto the port to theym assigned. 
And furthermore that it be ordeyned by the seid auctorite that  #
yf defaulte be in the Constables of eny Cite Borough or 
Hundred in makyng of due serche after open p~clamacion made in  #
this behalve, or in any Constables in dewe conveyance of 
the seid Scottis toward and into Scotlond that they and ev~y of #
theym being in suche defaulte forfeite to the King xx=ti=s. 
Savyng to the Lordes of frauncheys and to ev~y of theym suche   #
right and int~esse as they have in any suche godes 
and cattalles. 
 
[}CHAPTER VII. 
AN ACT TO PAYE CUSTOME FOR EVERY BUTT OF MALMESEY.}] 
 
   To the Kyng our Sov~eyn Lord: 
Praien the Comens in this p~sent parliament assembled that      #
where of tyme that no mynd is, yo=r= Navie hath ben 
mayntened passing the Streittes of Marrokys and so to div~s     #
portis in those parties to the univ~sall increace of your 
seid Navye m~chaunt~ and maryners, and in especiall by ladyng   #
of Malmeseys in the port of Candy which p~teyneth to 
the lordship of Venice; Where nowe the Veniciens within thies   #
ij yere last past have made a statute and ordinaunce for 
thencreace of the seid lordship of Venice and mayntenaunce of   #
theymself and their Navye & maryners, that noon of 
your seid Navye nor maryners shuld lade in the seid porte of    #
Candy any Malmeseys to be conveyed in to this youre 
realme of Englond, without that your seid marchauntis paye a    #
newe custume for ev~y Butte of Malmesey so laden iiij 
dokattis of gold, whiche amounteth to xviij s. sterling money   #
ov~ and above all othre custumes and charges afore that 
tyme used, which is greate hurte to youre seid besechers        #
without speciall remedy be had by your noble and speciall       #
grace, 
Please it +t~for your moste habundant g=a=ce by thadvyce and    #
assent of the lordis sp~uall and temp~all and of the 
Comens in this your p~sent parliament assembled and by          #
auctorite of the same, to enacte & stablissh +t=t= from         #
hensforth 
the Malmeseys that shalbe brought in to this your realme of     #
Englond by any p~sone shalbe of full gauge conteynyng 
vj=xx= and vj galons at the lest in mesure; And if it lacke of  #
the seid gauge, that than the Seller to abate somoche of the 
price after the rate of the seid content. And that ev~y m~chant #
straunger bringing suche Malmeseys into this Realme 
shall pay to your grace the custumes of xviij s. for a Butte of #
Malmesey ov~ and above the custume afore tyme to your 
grace used to be paied, likewise as they of Venice have sette   #
in Candy uppon youre forseid Subgiettis. And more ov~ 
that it be inacted and stablisshed by thauctorite aforsaid from #
hensforth that no butte or buttes of Malmeseys in vessell 
or in vessels that shalbe brought in to this your seid realme   #
shall be sold above iiij l~i. sterling. 
 
   Provided allwey that this acte extend not to any Englissh    #
man borne touching the newe custume above reherced 
of xviij s. And that this p~sent acte endure no leng~ than they #
of Venice shall sette aside the imposicion of the 
payment of the iiij Ducates aforseid. 
 
<P II,554> 
[}CHAPTER VIII. 
CROFTE.}] 
 
   Forasmuche as Thomas Crofte commytted a detestable murdre    #
within the Marches of Wales at the tyme of the beyng 
of the Kyng~ our Sov~eign Lordis late p~gresse, and therupon is #
fledde and hath taken the Sayntuary of Beaudeley; be it 
ordeyned stablisshed and enacted by the Kyng oure said Sov~eign #
Lord by thassent of the Lordys sp~uall and temp~all and the     #
Comens 
in this p~sent parliament assembled and by auctorite of the     #
same, that all l~res patentes yiftes and grauntes made by the   #
Kyng our 
seid Sov~eign Lord unto the said Thomas Crofte of thoffice of   #
the Rangership of the Forest of Whichwode in the Countie of     #
Oxon~ 
and of ev~y othre office and offices which he had, aswell       #
within the Realme of Englond as in Wales and the Marches of the #
same, 
by what so ev~ name or names the same Thomas Crofte be named or #
called in the seid l~res patentes yiftes or grauntes, or the    #
same 
offices or any of theym be named or callid in any suche l~res   #
patentes yiftes or grauntes, be from the first day of this      #
p~sent 
parliament utterly voide and of no force v~tue ne effect. 
 
[}CHAPTER IX. 
ORFORD.}] 
 
   Prayen the Comens in this p~sent parliament assembled, that  #
where within the Nasse and Haven of Orford in the Countie of 
Suff~ there is yerely grete multitude of Spawne and broode of   #
all man~ fysshes of the See whiche there shuld naturally and 
largely increas and multiplie if they myght by space and tyme   #
convenient there be suffred to continue; And where in late      #
dayes for 
a singuler covetise and lucre in takyng of a fewe grete         #
fisshes, c~teyn p~sones have used to ordeyn and sette c~teyn    #
bootes callid Stallbootes 
festened with ankers havyng with theym suche man~ unlefull      #
nettes and ingynes that aswell grete habundaunce of all man~ of 
frie and broode of div~s kyndes of fisshe in the said Haven     #
multiplied, as grete fisshes unseosonable have be taken and     #
destroied 
w=t= which fisshe and broode so taken the seid p~sones with     #
greate parte therof have fedde their hogges and the residue     #
therof they 
buried in grete pittes in the grounde in eschewing of grete     #
infeccions of ayer, whiche hath of long tyme caused grette      #
scarcite and 
bareynes of fissh in that Countre, to the grete hurte and       #
impov~ysshing of your people whiche in tymes past had grete     #
plente; 
Wherfor as well for the grete p~fite of your Subgettis and      #
inh~itauntes nygh adjoynyng to the said Nasse and Havyn as for  #
the grete 
p~fite and comforte of all youre Subgettis and inh~itauntes     #
within the Counties of Norff~ and Suff~ by auctorite of your    #
parliament 
holden at Westm~ the xiij day of Januarie the iiij=th= yere of  #
yo=r= most noble reigne, yt was enacted ordeyned and            #
establisshed by 
auctorite of the same Parliament, that all suche stallebottes   #
nettes and ingynes aforeseid frome the first day of Aprill that #
was in the 
yere of oure Lorde God M=l=CCCClxxxx. shuld not be occupied nor #
used for the destroying or taking of any frye or broode of 
fysshe within the Haven or Nasse aforeseyd uppon peyn of        #
forfeiture of x l~i. at ev~y tyme that any p~son shuld happyn   #
to do cont=a=rie 
to that seid orden=a=nce, the one half therof to be to yo=r=    #
Highnes and the oder half to hym that shulde happyn to fynde    #
the seid 
forfeiture and shewe the same in yo=r= Escheker by informacion  #
there to be det~myned after the cours of the same Court: And    #
ov~ 
that yt was ordeyned by auctorite of yo=r= parliament aforeseid #
that the Justices of peas of the seid Counties of Norff~ and    #
Suff~ for the 
tyme being, shuld have auctorite and power to inquere in theire #
sev~all Sessions of all the Botes Nettes and Ingynes used and   #
occupied 
cont=a=rie to the seid orden=a=nce, and the offenders therin    #
before theym p~sented to punyssh as by their discrecions shuld  #
be thought 
laufull and resonable, And that the seid Acte and Orden=a=nce   #
shuld endure and take effect till the begynnyng of the next     #
parliament 
ensuyng, as by the same acte more pleynly apperith; by force of #
which Acte and orden=a=nce the seid stalle Botes Nettes and     #
Ingynes 
have be hidderto withdrawen and abated and grete plente of      #
fysshe frye and broode of fysshe hathe in this meane tyme       #
gretly be 
multiplied and encreased to the grete p~fite comforte and       #
releef aswell to the people of the seid Counties of Norff~ and  #
Suff~ as to the 
people of many oder Contrees as well apperith by opyn           #
experience, and yet more largely shall encreace by fyrder       #
continuance; 
And forasmoche as the seid Acte of Parliament was ordeyned, no  #
fyrder to stand in effect then to the first day of this p~sent 
parliament; Pleas it therfore yo=r= most noble Grace by         #
thadvyce and assent of the lordes sp~uall and temporall in this #
p~sent parliament 
assemblid and by auctorite of the same, in consideracion of the #
p~mysses to ordeyn establissh and enacte, that the seid Acte    #
and 
orden=a=nce in the seid last Parliament made and ordeyned may   #
alwey stand contynewe and endure in p~fite strenght and         #
effecte. 
 
[}CHAPTER X. 
AN ACTE THAT NOE P~SONS OUTLAWED W=TH=IN THE COUNTY OF          #
LANCASTER SHOULD FORFEYT ANY OF HIS LAND~ OR GOOD~ IN ANY 
OTHER SHIRE BUT IN THE SAME SHIRE.}] 
 
   To the Kyng oure liege Lord: 
Prayen the Co~ens in this p~sent parliament assembled, that     #
where in the parliament holden at Westm~ in the xx. yere of the 
reign of your noble Uncle of blessid memory Kyng Henry the      #
vj=te=, it was ordeyned by auctorite of the same parliament,    #
that noon 
of his lieges ayenst whom an exigent shuld be awarded or        #
utlarie p~nounced atte sute of the king or atte sute of p~tie   #
in any tyme then to 
come in the Countie of Lancastr~, shuld forfeite any of his     #
goodis or catalles londis or ten~tis in any othre Shire, but    #
onely the goodes or 
catelles londis and ten~tis the whiche the p~sones so outlawed  #
or they ayenst whom suche exigent shuld be awarded in the seid  #
Countie 
of Lancastr~ have in the same Countie; And that by reason of    #
any suche outlawry atte sute of the King or atte sute of any    #
othre 
p~sone p~nounced within the seid Countie of Lancastr~, shuld    #
not be barred ne disabled of any man~ accion ner to clayme any  #
man~ of 
enheritaunce oute of the same Countie ner disabled to pursewe   #
eny man~ accion oute of the same Countie, notwithstanding suche 
<P II,555> 
outlarie ayenst him p~nounced; Which Statute was ordeyned and   #
made to endure for c~teyn yeres: And aftirward in a parlement   #
holden 
at Redyng in the xxxj yere of the reign of your seid noble      #
Uncle it was thought by the Comens then the seid statute to be  #
right 
necessarie resonable and p~fitable at their speciall request    #
and desire it was ordeyned and stablisshed by auctorite of the  #
same 
parlement that the forseid statute made the seid xx. yere shuld #
be in his force and v~tue fro thens p~petuelly to endure: 
Yet notwithstanding in a parlement holden at Westm~ the xxxiij  #
yere of the same King Henry the vj=te= by suggestion            #
unresonable & 
sinistre labours of p~sones not best disposed for their own     #
singuler avauntage it was ordeyned and graunted that the seid   #
Statute at 
Redyng made shuld be adnulled and voide, to the grete p~judice  #
grugge singler hurte and jeop~die of all your seid true lieges  #
and 
Co~ens oute of the seid Shire of Lancastr~ inh~iting; Wherfor   #
please it your Highnesse of your most habundaunt grace for the  #
wele 
and suertie of your seid Co~ens that by auctorite of this       #
p~sent parlement it may be stablisshed ordeyned and enacted,    #
that aswell the 
seid Statute made the xx. yere aforseid, as the same Statute    #
made at Redyng the seid xxxj yere, be and stand in his full     #
force and 
effecte fro the first day of Septembr~ the vj yere of your      #
moost noble reigne p~petuelly to endure; the seid adnullac~on   #
in the parlement 
holden the seid xxxiij yere made notwithstanding; And your seid #
true Co~ens shall pray to God for the p~servacion of your moost #
noble 
and roiall estate. 



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[^SAMPLE 1:

TEXT:  INDENTURE.
AN ANTHOLOGY OF CHANCERY ENGLISH.
ED. J. H. FISHER, M. RICHARDSON
AND J. L. FISHER.
KNOXVILLE: THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
PRESS, 1984.
PP. 183.21 - 185.9 (156) (INDENT)

SAMPLE 2:

TEXT:  PETITIONS (M4), LONDON.
Idem.
PP. 166.13 - 167.7  (139) (PET4)
PP. 173.33 - 175.24 (145)
PP. 188.6  - 190.18 (159)
PP. 227.33 - 229.38 (189)
PP. 233.37 - 235.8  (193)
PP. 245.33 - 247.37 (202)
PP. 260.27 - 262.9  (212)
PP. 268.15 - 270.6  (217)
PP. 212.22 - 213.15 (173)

SAMPLE 3:

TEXT:  DEPOSITIONS.
Idem.
PP. 168.23 - 171.40 (142) (DEPOSC)
PP. 296.34 - 297.21 (236)

SAMPLE 4:

SHILLINGFORD, JOHN.
TEXT:  DOCUMENT(S).
LETTERS AND PAPERS OF JOHN SHILLINGFORD,
MAYOR OF EXETER 1447-50. 
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. II. 
ED. S. A. MOORE. 
NEW YORK, 1965 (1871). 
PP. 80.12 - 89.30 (XXXI: ARTICLES I-VIII) (SHILLDOC)^]

[^IN THE EXTRACTS TAKEN FROM An Anthology of Chancery English 
ALL PARENTHESES ARE EDITORIAL, E.G. (...); EXPLANATORY COMMENTS
ARE ADDED WHEN GIVEN IN THE EDITION.^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 183>
[} [\156\] }]
[} [\1441 E28/66/34 ROYAL INDENTURE\] }]

   This endenture made bytwix the Kyng oure souuerain
Lorde on +tat one part and William Pyrton Squier on +tat other  #
part.
Wittenesseth / that the said William is witholden with +te      #
kyng lieutenant
of his Castell of Guysnes / fro +te .ix. day of Ianuer last     #
passed
duryng +te terme of vj. yere +tenne next folowing / And the     #
said william
shall haue continuelly with him abidyng vpon +te saufgarde of   #
+te
said Castell duryng +te saide tyme .l. men of Armes on foote    #
himself
accompted onely on horsbak and .l. Archiers on foote / takyng   #
for
him self .ij s. on +te day for euerich of +te saide men of      #
Armes .viij.
d. and for euerich of +te saide Archiers on fote. vj d a day    #
duryng +te
werre Of +te which wages +te saide william shall be paied for   #
him
and his saide Retenue for a quarter in hand at +te makyng of    #
+tees endentures
& so fro quarter to quarter at the beginnyng of euery quarter
<P 184>
duryng +te (tyme) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN\] aforesaide   #
by +te handes of +te Tresourer of Caleys
for the tyme being Of +te which paiement the said william       #
shall receiue
for him and his saide Retenue / +te thrid peny in vitailles     #
couenables
and at suche price as +tey be worth at Caleys +te tyme of +te   #
deliueryng
of hem by +te handes of +te said Tresourer / and yf +te said    #
Tresorer
may not performe +te thrid peny in vitailles as afore it is     #
saide.
he shall performe in monoye to the same william all +tat that   #
he shall
lak duryng +te tyme aforesaide / And yf it fortune that +te     #
kynges
Aduersairs be of suche myght +tat by liklinesse +te saide       #
Castell be
put in grete perill of enny sodeine aduenture by trewe          #
espiall. withouten
+tat it were stuffed with greter nombre of men of Armes &       #
Archiers
that +ten +te said william shall aduertise +te kyng and his     #
counsaile
+terof and +tey to pourueye him in all hast possible oute of
+te Royaume of Englande or oute of +te towne of Caleys vnto     #
+te nombre
of .CC. persones men of Armes & Archiers of within after
+te discrecion of +te kynges counsaile and as +te cas.          #
requireth Also
yf +te kyng for enny cause moeuyng him and his counsaile woll   #
resume
into his handes his saide Castell within +te saide tyme / the   #
forsaide
william shall haue warnyng +terof half a yere afore +te day of  #
his
discharge of +te said Castell by lettres vnder +te kynges grete #
or priue
sealx and in lyke wyse +te saide william shall yeue warnyng     #
vnto
+te kyng or his counsaile by an half yere / that if he for      #
sekenesse lak
of paiement or other cause resonable may not occupie +te saide
lieutenancie So +tat the kyng may purueye a newe lieutenant     #
+ter and
+te said william to stande discharged ayenst +te kyng           #
withouten enny
empeschement in tyme commyng / And the kyng oure souuerain
lorde shall haue aswell +te thrid partie of wynnynges of werre  #
/ of
+te saide william as +te thridde of +te thriddes / whereof +te  #
persones
of his saide Retenue shall be answeryng vnto him of +teire      #
wynnynges
of werre / be +tey prisoners prayes or other +tinges taken by   #
werre
and all droit+g of werre accustumed / Of +te which thriddes     #
and thridde
of thriddes / and also droit+g +te said william shall by his    #
othe or
by +te othe of his executour or executours of his testament     #
trewely
answere to +te kyng oure saide souuerain lorde in his           #
Eschequier at
Caleys / And also +te said william and +to of his saide         #
Retenue shall
haue all maniere prisoners +tat shall be taken by hem. duryng   #
+te said
tyme except princes and sones of Princes / mareschalx &         #
lieutenant+g
generalx and +to +tat bere +te armes of ffraunce except also    #
him +tat
calleth him Duc of Bourgoigne and all his mareschalx and        #
lieutenant+g
generalx / the which shall remayne and be prisoners vnto +te    #
kyng
oure said souuerain / lorde and for +te which he shall make     #
resonable
agreement to him or to hem +tat so shall take +teime And +te    #
saide
<P 185>
william hath vndertake sauely to kepe the saide Castell to +te  #
worship
and proufit of oure said souuerain lorde the kyng duryng +te    #
tyme
aforesaide and not to deliuere +te saide Castell to enny        #
persone bot to
our souerain lorde +te kyng abouesaide / or to his heirs        #
kynges of
Englande or at +teire commaundement by +teire lettres of grete  #
or
priue sealx In wittenesse of which +ting to +te partie of +tis  #
endenture
remaignyng with +te kyng oure saide souuerain Lorde +te saide
william hath putte his seal. Yeuen at westminstre +te x day of  #
feuerer
+te yere of +te Regne of the kyng oure said souuerain lord      #
xixe.

<S SAMPLE 2>

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<P 166>
[} [\139\] }]
[} [\1437 E28/58/62 PRIVY SEAL: PETITION OF WILLIAM SOPER,
CLERK OF THE EXCHEQUER\] }]

   To the kyng oure souerain lord
   Right mekely besecheth to your souerain lordship youre pore  #
seruant
William Soper Clerk of your Shippes that for as moche as he     #
hath
stonde charged with right greet and combrous occupacions in     #
the seid
Office as well in the tyme of your gracious ffader late oure    #
souerain
lord whom god assoil As in all your gracious regne and yit      #
doth.
but it stondeth so right souerain lord that your forseid        #
besecher hath
made a vowe to do certein Pilgrymages beyonde the see. the      #
whiche
he may not do whiles he stondeth thus charged with the seid     #
Office
Wherfor plese hit vnto your souerain lordship. that the seid    #
Beseker
may be discharged of the seid Office. And that som other man    #
with
the same office myght be charged. resceyvyng alle manere        #
thinges
perteynyng vnto the same Office that may be founde due be       #
accompt
in your Escheker in suche manere and fourme as it hath ben
accustomed before this tyme in caas semblable to thentent that  #
the
seid Beseker with your graciouse licence may do the             #
Pilgrymages be
him so promised / And of your noble grace hym to graunte your
graciouse lettres patentent+g for his tuicion and fauour in     #
all parties
duryng his seid pilgrimage in manere as before thys tyme hath   #
ben
graunted to your oder seruant+g in cas semblable. And of your   #
more
haboundant grace to graunte that the seid Beseker may haue xx   #
sakes
of wolle for his despenses vnto the parties of lumbardye paiyng
<P 167>
the custumes and other deuairs as langeth to your Staple at     #
Caleys for
the loue of god and for charitee. Consideryng graciouse lord    #
that
the seid Pilgrymage was avowed and promysed for the greet       #
periles and
combrous occupacions that be liklynesse at diuerse tymes myght
haue falle in the Office aboueseid. Consideryng also that the   #
seid
Beseker groweth into such age that if the seid Pylgrymage be    #
not
don in right short tyme. it may neuere be don be hym:

<P 173>
[} [\145\] }]
[} [\1438 E28/60/47 PETITION TO THE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE SHIP
MARYKNIGHT. MOLEYNS' NOTATION AT THE END\] }]

   Vnto the kyng oure souuerayn lord and his most discrete and  #
sage
Counsell
   Be yt remembred that how a ship called Maryknyght of         #
Amsterdam
in Holand of wiche the Maister ys called Petre Van ley went     #
with
<P 174>
certein Merchaundise+g ynto Iseland and there was lade with     #
stokfissh
and other merchaundise+g and the Merchant+g ther yn cleped      #
Copeman
Iohn William Sale and Heyn Rosen with other of Amsterdam and
Clays Williamsone Van Herlam. And so yt happed the seid ship    #
Maister
and Merchaunt+g to mete with a Ship of Hull with xl men ther yn
vnder the costes of Irland at the feste of Michelmasse last     #
passed At
whiche tyme the seid shippes with the persones of bothe the     #
seid
parties were Sworn togedir to be either others frende with oon  #
assent
and promisse And so as frendes they sailed togedir to           #
Crakfarwes
in Irland and there they leyn and communyd togedir as brethern
eche of theym cheryng other duryng iij wokes and fro thennes    #
they sailed
togedir to Dalkesound in Irland and there they came ynne on     #
seynt 
lukes Even last passid And the sonday folwyng thay herd masse   #
and 
ete and drank togedir in Develyn And w(h)ile [\THE LETTER IN    #
PARENTHESES A SUPERIOR INSERT\] the seid Maister 
and Merchauntes of the seid ship called Maryknyght were at      #
diner the
said persones of the Ship of Hull hyred theym hors priuely and
rode downe to the seid shippes And there the same sonday they   #
toke
the said ship cleped Maryknyght lade thanne with Stokfyssh oyle
and lynnencloth and other Merchaundises to the value of xvC li  #
And
thanne come Englissh folk to the seid Merchaunt+g of the
Maryknyght and bad theym beware whom they had lefte yn their    #
Ship
sayng that yt was likely be taken And there vppon the seid      #
persones
of the ship of Hull goyng to do the said wrong / yaf to oon     #
henry
wales Gentilman duellyng abowte the coste of Develyn x marc+g
to lette and arreste the seid Maister and Merchaunt+g wan they  #
come
downe toward their Ship cleped Maryknyght And so they were met
and sonderly prisoned yn dyuerse prisons that they myght not    #
Reskewe
their owne ship And thanne the Maier and Merchauntes of Develyn
/ seyng the seid Maister and Merchaunt+g of the sayd Maryknyght
hauyng the said wrong and vntrue enprisonement with theire      #
strenghth
and poiar had theym out of prison and lete theym walke at large
At wiche tyme the seid mysdoers of the ship of Hull were goon   #
forth
and sailed away with bothe the said Shippes to Portile in       #
Northwales
And there the seid William Sale Merchaunt of the seid ship      #
cleped
Maryknyght happed come to Portile And there he Aspied iij of
the seid Misdoers that toke the said Maryknyght whiche iij ben  #
called
Thomas Crathorn Merchaunt of york William Cokeram Merchaunt
of Beuerle and William Abbot Merchaunt of lynne And there the   #
same
William Sale did to be arrestid the seid iij mysdoers and       #
bothe the
said Shippes and godes the whiche ben vnder arest and kepyng of
Henry Noreys depute to the Chamberleyn there And thanne tho iij
Mysdoers seiden wan they were so arestid that they were not     #
gylty
<P 175>
of the seid wrongfull takyng of the seid ship cleped            #
Maryknyght with
the said Merchandi+ges And the same William Sale seid to theym
that he wold fyght with the seid iij Mysdoers that they were    #
at the said
mysdede doyng And thanne seid oon of the same mysdoers that
ys called Thomas Crathorne that he wold fight with the said     #
William
Sale that yt was contrarie that the same William saide And      #
there 
vppon they cast eche to other their gloves whiche were taken    #
vp and 
ensealed by Henry Noreys Depute of the Chamberleyn of           #
Northwales
And so the same Depute arrested bothe the seid iij Mysdoers
and also the said William Sale to be kept til the said mater    #
be tried
byfore you gracious lord and your noble counsell Werfore Iames  #
Rose
Sederyk Iohnsone and Copeman Iohn Merchaunt+g of the said ship
cleped Maryknyght besechith you of your speciall grace to       #
considere this
premisse+g and by the avise of your worthy and noble counsell   #
ther 
vppon to sende your letters of priuat seale directid to the     #
said Henry 
Noreys comaundyng hym by the same to come (hym self aswel
as to bryng) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES ARE OVER ERASURE\] te   #
said William Sale as the said Thomas Crathorn
William Cokeram and Williamm Abbot to appere byfore you and     #
your
seid counsell (at Westmynstre) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES ARE   #
OVER ERASURE\] yn +te quyn+gisme of Trinite terme
next comyng and furder more to answere and receve that ye and   #
your
counsell wol awarde in this partie And more ouer yeuyng yn      #
charge
to the said henry to kepe sauely and suerly the said shippes    #
and
Merchaundise+g til he haue other comaundemant of you vppon
peyne of CC li for the loue of God and yn way of Charite

<P 188>
[} [\159\] }]
[} [\C 1450 COTTON CLEOPATRA F.IV. FOL.126-27 PETITION OF       #
THOMAS HASELEY, CLERK OF THE CROWN\] }]

   Besecheth and ful humbly preieth youre pouere seruiteur      #
Thomas
Haseley on of +te Clerkes of youre Corone graciously to         #
considere
howe in the absense of that victorieux prince youre blessed     #
ffader whom
god assoile hym beyng in his sharp werris and gracious conquest
of ffraunce and Normandie youre seide seruitour be the          #
commaundement
of youre most gracieux vncle the duc of Bedford on whom
god haue mercy that tyme Regent of +tis youre noble Roialme     #
and aduys
of alle the grete counseill her a commission was assigned to    #
take
and areste Thomas Payn of Glamorganshire Walsshman that brak    #
+te
Tour of London nowe beyng in Neugate sumtyme Clerk and chief
conseillour to sir Iohn Oldecastell Traitour atteint to your    #
seid gracious
ffader the whiche Thomas Payn as Traitour was in the feld armed
a geins your seid fa(der) [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES TORN\]   #
with +te llollardes be side seint Iames next
Charyngcrosse and eschaped vn hurt or taken til your seid       #
besecher
aaccompanied atte his cost and all maner expenses (with) [\THE  #
WORD IN PARENTHESES TRIMMED OFF\] notable
poiar be the space of v daies and vj nyghtes lay for hym in     #
the most
secrete wyse that +tei coude: and so with help and grace of     #
most
almyghty god youre seid seruiteur toke hym and arested hym      #
atte mydnyght
in a place beside your Castell of Wyndesore where atte that
tyme was +te Kyng of Scottes kept as prisoner to your seid      #
ffader and
that same nyght this seid Traitour shulde haue broken the seid
Castell be treson and goon with +te seid Kyng toward Scotland   #
in proef
wher of I founde in +te Traitours purs a cedule wreten of alle  #
places
of giftes and loggynges appointed to hem fro Wyndesore vn to    #
Edynbourgh 
in Scotland and so he confessed the whiche Traitour and
cedule I delyuered to +te Bisshop of Duresme thanne Chaunceller
and William kynwolmerssh thanne Tresorer of +tis your seide     #
(n)oble [\THE LETTER IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\]
roialme and +te seid Traitour +tanne was her committed to       #
prison
til +te comyng a geyn of your seid most gracious fader into     #
+tis roialme
from your seid duchie of Normandie and +tanne in his nexte      #
parlement
here in +te counseil chambre of +te seid parlement a fore your
<P 189>
seid rightwys fader and alle his lordes present +tere +te seid  #
Traitour was
brought and +te cedule aforeseid and your seid suppliant in     #
that
presence examined of alle matiers abouesaid and othre           #
circumstaunces
and incident+g and +te maner of takyng of hym atte whiche tyme
your seide moste noble ffader declared and seide a fore all     #
his lordes
that takyng plesid hym more +tanne I hadde geten or Gyuen hym
x. ml li for +te grete inconueniences that weren like to falle  #
in his
longe absense oute of +tis roialme and so committe(d) [\THE     #
LETTER IN PARENTHESES TRIMMED OFF\] this Traitour
to +te Tour of London +tere saufly to be kept and +tanne        #
immediatly
of his oune roiale largesse and bounteuous grace with outen     #
axing
of your seid suppliant or eny man for hym graunted to hym xl.
li a yere to take terme of his lif in what place in Inglond of  #
hys that
I wold sauyng his oune demesne [\demesne REPEATED AT THE        #
BEGINNING OF THE NEXT LINE\] landes and +te duchie
of lancastre and commaunded +te seid Regent Chaunceler and
Tresorer gif your seid suppliant were not sped a fore his       #
departyng oute
of Inglond to spede hym in his absence in recompense of his     #
costes
(expenses trewe diligent+g acquitaill and labour a foreseid)    #
[\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES CREASED\] a fore whiche
spede youre seide fader was dede and so his graunt void.
   Item to considere howe your seid suppliant be +te            #
commaundement
and ordinance of your seid ffader at his first parlement holden
atte leycestre was sent fore to leycestre to appere a fore      #
your seid blessed
fader where he of his oune mocion appointed assigned and
ordeigned the seide suppliant seconde Clerk of his parlement    #
with sir
Iohn Frank nowe Clerk of youre rolles that tyme chosen chief    #
Clerk
of +te parlement +tat hadde and toke xl li yerely +terfore      #
while he
occupied / and youre seide suppliant shuld hadde x li yerely    #
as other
men toke to fore hym the whiche office he occupied fro +tat     #
tyme
into youre +tredde parlement hens holden atte westmynstre atte  #
whiche
he myght not be for grete sikenesse and so departed and neuere
com in +te parlement sithe that tyme and neuere hadde peny of   #
alle his
tyme of +te seide .x. li. ne of +te seide xl. li ne non othre   #
regard
in no manere wyse
   Item howe youre seide suppliant in the tenthe yeere of youre
roialme aspied and toke in youre ryver of Thamise tweye         #
shippes fretted
with wolle cloth and othre merchaundise to a notable value
and weren seiled and departed and no custome ne othre deuoirs   #
to you
souerain lord +terof due paied wherefore alle was forfaited     #
and be
+te seid suppliant to his grete perell and labour taken and to  #
you
asnwered as it appereth of record in youre escheker +te whiche  #
coste
the seide suppliant more thanne .xx. li whereof he sholde haue  #
had half
after the fourme of statuyt and hadde no thyng
   Item howe youre seid suppliant this same yeer of youre       #
regne hath
<P 190>
taken and arested diuerse men empesched of high treson ymagined
a geyns youre persone and mageste roiale and destruccion of     #
youre
land and lawes the which he sent be youre roile commandement
to youre presence be your Squyer Gilbert Parre the which were   #
taken
alle atte his cost and many othre grete +tinges doon to your    #
highnesse
and plesirs whiche were to longe to expresse here and nowe is   #
aboute
moo /
   The whiche thynges be youre seid highnesse conteined plese   #
it to youre
most benigne and abondant grace to considere the longe and      #
continuel
seruice don be the seide suppliant to youre graunde fader and
fader kynges of Inglond and to you soueraign lord as it is a    #
fore
expressed and +te grete age of youre seid suppliant and in      #
recompense
of alle his costages expenses and labours and diligences a      #
foreseid
of youre seide grace graunten to youre seide supplaint an       #
annuitee terme
of his lif in manere and fourme conteined in the cedule to      #
+tis bill
annexed / and youre writtes and allocate currant and dormant    #
for
allowance of payement of the same withoute payement of eny fee  #
for
the seales of the same writtes   

<P 227>
[} [\189\] }]
[} [\AFTER 1432 C1/1/41 PETITION OF THOMAS APPELTON OF          #
DARTFORD, KENT\] }]
[\RIGHT SIDE RUBBED; MATTER IN PARENTHESES SUPPLIED FROM        #
Proceedings in Chancery in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth\]

   To my most reuerent fadir in god and most gracious and       #
rightwose
lord the Bisshop of Bathe Chaunceler of Englond
   Besechith in the most humble wise your povir seruant Thomas
Appelton That where as william Aleyn clerk of the countynghous
<P 228>
with ynne the housold of the kyng our soueraigne lord. Roberd   #
Aleyn
fadir to the seid william and Thomas Cotes ymagenyng of grete
malice before thoght extorcionesli to oppresse and fynalli to   #
distroye
your seid Suppliaunt ayens concience and lawe / On seynt        #
Stephenes
day at nyght be twene xj and xij of the Clokke at mydde nyght   #
the
vijthe. yer of the kyng our soueraigne lord with force and      #
armes on 
horsbak in maner of werre riot and rowte araied. with bowys and
arowys swerdis and bokelers in maner of rebellion and           #
Insurreccion
a yens the dygnyte of our soueraigne lord the kynge and his     #
crowne.
kome to the hous of your seid Suppliaunt. at Derteford in the   #
Shire
of kent. at mydde nyght. And took awey Anne the doghter and on  #
of
the heyres of your seid besecher beynge with ynne the age of    #
xij.
yere. and in his warde whos mariage of right to hym perteyned.  #
and
to non othir / And that same doghter the seid william Aleyn
ravisshid be force vileynously ... [\... CANCELLED\] and here   #
enforced be the supportacion
and helpe of the seid Roberd. and Thomas Cotes. and weddid
here ayens the wille of here said fadir. and alle here frendis 
expressely ayens lawe And ayens the forme of all maner          #
Statutes in such
cas made before this tyme / And in lettynge your besecher to    #
take
the profit and avayle of here seid mariage. ffor the which      #
mariage your
seid besecher myght haue had CC mark of money. & she to haue
bene maryed to such dyuerse notable persones as myght exspende 
an C li of enheritaunce be yer of yerly lyflode / where as the  #
seid william
Aleyn at that tyme hadde nor +git hath no fote lond of his owne
in Englond. And aftir the seid william Aleyn took an accion of  #
wast
in the comyn place vnIustly withoute concience ayens your       #
besecher
(and) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES A SUPERIOR INSERT\] with grete  #
mayntenaunce be color of his seid office broggid 
hyred and enbrasid to hym the Iorores the which Iorores were    #
kept iiij.
dayes in london at the cost of the seid william Aleyn (Thretyng
and manasyng your seid besecher) oppressiouesly that the seid   #
Iorores
were redy to haue condempnyd your seid Suppliaunt in a M li And
the seid william Aleyn Roberd Aleyn and Thomas Cotes thorow     #
grete
manace and meyntenaunce of dyuerse peple be cause of the office
of the seid william Aleyn put your seid besecher in fere of.    #
his lyf and
compellid hym vntrewly. be oppression to make a feffement of
all his londis and. his. tenementes to the value of iiij mark   #
be yere
with ynne the Shires of Essex and Middlesex (to certeyn         #
persones at
the denomynaccion of the seide william Aleyn) vpon condicion    #
that
your seid suppliaunte sholde haue suffisaunt and sure astate.   #
noght
defesable of xxiiijti li be yere to be paied. to hym at iiij    #
termes yerly
duryng his lyf of the issues and profites of the seid londis    #
and
<P 229>
tenementes with a sarteyn payne and reentre for defaute of      #
payment
(in maner and forme) like as in certeyn dedis endentid. there   #
of
made be twene the seid parties pleynly aperith The which        #
xxiiijti
li be yere the seid william Aleyn be covyne and confederacie    #
hadde be
twene hym and the seid Roberd Aleyn and Thomas Cotes with (all
maner of) profites comynge of the seid londis and tenementes
withholdith vntrewly ayens all reson and concience in his owne
hand and paieth your seid. suppliaunt no peny nor no peny       #
wolde paye
this ij. yere and an half. (last pased) and more And (also      #
hath felde
downe) all the tymbre of the seid lyflode to the value of an C  #
li
and more and makith wast fro day to day. And latith the         #
housyng of
the seid lyflode falle doune and go to noght for lakke of       #
reparacion
in his defaute (Please hit) to your highne(sse to considere     #
thes
premisses) and be your most noble and high discrecion to        #
ordeyne
that your seid Suppliaunt myght haue Writtes direct to the seid
william Aleyn (Robert Aleyn and Thomas Cotes) [\THE WORDS IN    #
PARENTHESES SUPERIOR INSERT\] to appere before you
in the Chauncerie. with ynne xl. dayes aftir the date of the    #
seid
writts at Westminster (And that the seid tresspasours be        #
ponysshid for
the seid riottes oppressions and offences aftir their           #
deserte) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES SUPERIOR INSERT\] and
yf the seid william Aleyn apere to the writ aforeseide. that    #
thanne 
be your discrecion restore the seid Suppliaunt to the seid      #
londis and
tenement+g yf hit be founde be due examinacion that the seid    #
rente
of xxiij li be yere was be hy(nd) noght paied to your seid      #
(Suppliaunt
at) eny terme with ynne the seide dedis endentid. comprised.    #
with
the damages that the seid besecher hath hadde in this partie.   #
And
in cas the seid william Aleyne a pere noght on the Chauncerie   #
to the
seid writ. that thanne lyke you to ordeyne that your seid       #
supplaiunt
be restorid to the seid londis and tenementes in maner and      #
forme afore
seid. with all maner of damages that he hath hadde in this      #
partie
 ... [\ERASURE\] Considering of your rihtwosenesse that your    #
seid Suppliaunt
hath no more lyflode to lyve vpon / nor dar nethir ride nor go  #
late nor
rathe in to Essex nor Middlesex where the seid londis and       #
tenementis
lieth for to distreyne nor for to make non entre (in the seid   #
londis and)
tenementis nor dar not nor ys noght of power in no maner of     #
wise
pursue be lawe. ayen the seid william for his damages nor can   #
haue
non officer to execute no writ ayens the seid william Aleyn     #
whiles
he s(tondith) in his office aforeseid And that for the love of  #
god
and in the weye of Charite.

<P 233>
[} [\193\] }]
[} [\1436 SC8/27/1309 PETITION OF COMMONS CONCERNING THE STEWS
OF SOUTHWARK\] }]

<P 234>
   Please hit to the Wisedomes and hye discrecions of the       #
Worshipfull
Comunes in this present parlement assembled to consider two
grete meschiefs nowe in late dayes bygonnen by vntrywe lyvers   #
and people
with owte consciens and yet dwelling in the Burgh of Suthwerk
in the Shire of Surrey / Oon is that howe nowe late by          #
Auctorite of
parlement was ordeyned and stablet that no person that had      #
dwelled
at the comune Stywes shulde hald any comune hostryes ne comune
Tavernes with yn the saide B(urg)h [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES #
TORN\] ne thay shulde not passe in
no maner enquestes with yn the saide Shire safe only at the     #
saide
comune Stywes the whiche ordenaunce hath been to grete weel of  #
alle
the honest people of the saide Burgh and Shire and put awey     #
mony
and grete periuries robberyes and other inconueniences And nowe
syn that tyme ther be comyn other strange persones and have     #
set vp
Stywehouses and houses of bordell and vnclene lyvers with yn    #
the
hye stretes and among the honest dwellers of the saide Burgh    #
and there
they herber and refet alle maner of myslyvers and avowterers    #
theefs
robbers mansleers and other myslyvers wherthurgh meny wemen ben
ravysshed and brought to evil levyng neightbores and strangers  #
ofte
tymes robbed and murdred that vnnethese any persone dar passe   #
thair
house fro nyght come And also nowe late tyme ther been certeyn
Alienes callid fflemmynges that have set vp comune hostryes and
comune Tavernes with yn the saide Burgh where ynne thay refet   #
and
herber alle maner Alienes and strangers as wel ffrensshmen and
Picardes as flemmynges and alle other nacions aswel             #
Aduersaries to
oure souuerayn lord the kyng as frendes and there thay han      #
thair
comenycacions and metynges by thaym self nought sufferyng any
englisshman to be herbered or come among hem / by the whiche
Alienes and strangers by liklynesse the Counseill ordenaunce    #
and
purveaunce of oure saide souuerayn lord and his trywe liege     #
people
is discovered to his Aduersaries his customes and dywtees
enbesiled and conceiled to hym grete preiudice and alle his     #
liege people /
/ Thees premisses considered like hit to youre high discrecions
to pray the kyng oure souuerayn lord by the Assent of the       #
lordes
spirituels and temporels and by Auctorite of this present       #
parlement
to graunte and ordeyne that no maner of persone in eny tyme
to come be hardy to take vppon hym to holde ne kepe any maner   #
Stywes
ne houses of bordell and vnclene lyvers in any place with yn    #
the
saide Burgh safe only atte place called the comune Stywes on    #
peyne
of enprisonement of their bodyes by xl dayes and makyng fyne
and raunsom atte kynges will / And that no maner persone        #
Aliene holde
ne kepe comune hostrye ne comune Taverne in any place with yn
the saide Burgh after the fest of Estire next comyng on peyne   #
of enprisonement
<P 235>
and makyng fyne and raunsom in the fourme
abovesaide / And that the Iustices of pees in the saide Shire   #
and the
kynges baillif of the saide Burgh for the tyme beyng and every  #
of
hem have power at alle tymes that thaym shal seme nedeful and   #
expedient
to enquere in the saide Burgh of thees premisses And opon
alle suche persones as thay or any of thaym fynde gilty and     #
dywly
convycte afore thaym to do execucion and punysshement in the    #
maner
and fourme byforseide for Charite

<P 245>
[} [\202\] }]
[} [\1437 SC8/27/1308 PETITION CONCERNING THE ESTATE OF THOMAS
NORTON OF BRISTOL\] }]

   To the right wise and discreet Comons of this present        #
parlement
Besechen mekely Thomas Norton Water Norton of Bristowe          #
Gentilmen
Sonnes and executors of the testament of Thomas Norton late
<P 246>
of Bristowe Gentilman Thomas Halewey Nicholas Deuenyssh and
Iohn Papenham and Iohn Shepward of Bristowe Marchant+g that it
please you to considre how that oon Thomas Stamford before our
souerain lord the kyng at westminstre for certein trespasses    #
falshedes
and disceites doon vnto the same Thomas Norton the fader atte   #
the
suyte of the same Thomas by bylle was found gylty by verdite of
xij notable men of the seid Toun of Bristowe to the harmes of   #
the seid
Thomas Norton of iiijc marc wherupon it was awarded that the    #
same
Thomas Norton shuld recouere the seid somme of iiijc marc ayens
the seid Thomas Stamford. And that the seid (Thomas) [\THE      #
WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED, STAINED\] Stamford
shulde be take to satisfie our seid souerain lord of his        #
redempcion
by cause of the seid trespaces falshedes and deceites of        #
whiche he was
conuicted. And after that the seid Thomas Stamford beyng atte
barre at westminstre by fore our lord the kyng at the peticion  #
of
the same Thomas Norton was comytted to the Marchall in prison   #
to
abide vnto tyme that he hadde aswell satisfied the same Thomas
Norton of his seid damages as our souerain lord of his seid     #
redempcion.
After whiche the same Thomas Stamford pretendyng a fals
othe to be made by the seid xij men in the seid suyte sued      #
atteynt
therupon in due fourme of lawe. in whiche it was founden be     #
xxiiij
notable men of the seid Toun that the seid xij men in the       #
premisses
hadde made good and true othe Wherupon the seid Thomas Stamford
was by Iuggement barrid of his seid atteynt and awarded ouere
by the Court. that he shulde abide in prison vnto the tyme he   #
hadde
made an other greet fyn with our lord the kyng for the same.    #
After
whiche tyme Thomas Stamford so beyng in prison encresyng his
greet vntrouthe and malice by favour supportacion and help of   #
his keper
there and by comfort of other vntrue persones by sotill and
malicious menes purposing to hurt vexe and vndoo your seid      #
suppliant+g
and to make hem waste and lese her godds and her bodyes to her
greet hyndryng ymagined (contrevyd) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES   #
RUBBED, STAINED\] & feyned diuers vntrue accions
of trespases and fals enprisonement+g in foreyn shires. that    #
is to
wite in london tweyn ayens the seid Thomas Norton water Norton
Thomas halewey & Iohn Papenham iiij of the seid bisechers by    #
the
names of Thomas Norton and water Norton of Bristowe Gentilmen
and Thomas Halewey and Iohn Papenham of Bristowe
marchaunt+g. And in Southrey oon ayens the same Thomas Norton  
water Norton and Iohn Papenham by the same names and Nicholas
Deuenyssh and Iohn Shipward (of Bristowe marchaunt+g supposyng) #
[\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES CREASED\]
that thei shulde haue beten and enprisoned hym. where in        #
trouthe
thai were neuere gilty +terof ne som of hem com not in suche    #
places
<P 247>
ther the trespaces ys supposid to be doon by x yere before the  #
trespaces
supposid and somm of hem neuere. and in this fourme before seid
the seid suppliant+g (ben grevousely vexed and labored dailly)  #
[\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES CREASED\] and
so ben likly by longe tyme to endure. by cause that if +te      #
seid Thomas
Stamford perceyue that eny enquest woll not passe with his      #
entent
he woll be nonsuyd and +terupon he will begynn a newe feyned    #
sute
ayen. so supposyng to labore the seid suppliant+g infenytly by  #
vntrue
sutes withoute your good help and socour. And now late our seid
souerain lord enformed of the greet mysgouernaunce of the seid
Thomas Stamford hadde ayen hym and his liege peple for dyuers   #
causes
that meved him and his rightwys Counseill the seid Thomas       #
Stamford
from the prison callid the kynges benche was remeved vnto his
prison in london y callid the fflete be his (lettres vnder his  #
prive
seale) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED, STAINED\] the whiche  #
Thomas Stamford sueth now to our seid souerain
lord to be remeued and remyttid ayen to the seid prison of      #
kynges benche
to that entent that he myght be there at large as he was before
and there to enbrace the Iurours ayenst the seid suppliant+g    #
and also
to be an enfourmour a techer and a Counceillour as well be his
writyng as otherwise to alle the prisoners and mysdoers beyng   #
in
the seid prison of the kynges benche As he was before to the    #
gret hurt
and derogacion of oure souerain lord and of his liege peple as  #
it
is openly knowen. Please it to your wise discrecions to         #
consider these
premisses. and that diuers of the seid suppliant+g for greet    #
age ben
impotent to laboure. And therupon to praye our souerain lord    #
the
king by the assent of his (lordes espirituelx) [\THE WORDS IN   #
PARENTHESES RUBBED, STAINED\] and temporell in this
present parlement assembled and by aucorite of the same         #
parlement
to ordeyne and establie that the seid Thomas Stamford may abide
and remayne still in the seid prison of fflete and in the       #
kepyng and
warde of the wardeine of the same prison for the tyme beyng     #
withoute
eny remevement to be hadde of hym into the seid prison called
the kynges benche or into eny o+ter prison out of the kepyng.   #
and warde
of the seid wardeyn of fflete for the tyme beyng till the seid  #
fynes
and alle other thynges of the whiche the seid (Thomas Stamford
standeth charged ayens oure souerain) [\THE WORDS IN            #
PARENTHESES CREASED\] lord be satisfied and
(determyned) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES CREASED\] . And the seid #
executors fully agreed and satisfied
of the seid iiijc marc as lawe woll and requireth. and that     #
for the
loue of god and in wey of charitee

<P 260>
[} [\212\] }]
[} [\1444 C49/26/5 PETITION CONCERNING THE MURDER OF ISABELL, 
WIFE OF ROGER BAKELER, BY JOHN BOLTON\] }]

   Prayen the Comunes of this present parlement that hit        #
please the
kyng oure soueraigne lord of his benygne grace to consider how
that now late Iohn Bolton nowe beynge in prison And in the      #
Marschall
ward of the kynges benche the tiuesday next a fore the feste    #
of Saynt
lauerens the yere of youre reigne the xxije at Pekham in the    #
Counte
of Surrey wold haue rauesshed Isabell late the wife of Roger    #
Bakeler
and for as muche as sche wold not assent vn to him he vilanisly
toke of here all the Atire of her hede And al so her clothes    #
of her body
otake her smokke. And yet sche wolde neuer assent vn to his     #
vnlefull
desir but at all tymes kepte her a goode womman. And at the     #
last 
<P 261>
be cause he cowde noghte haue his desir of her. he ther at      #
the same
tyme felonesly sleeth and murdred her and kutte her throte      #
twyes.
and twyes stikked her thurgh her pappes and sides with a        #
dagger wher
vppon sche died. And all so at the same tyme and plase after    #
the
said murdre noght repentyng hym of his horible dede as hit      #
semed.
a gowne. a kirtell. a hode. two kerchieffes and two keyes vppon
her ther founde of the goods and catells of the said Rog(er)    #
[\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] husbond
to the said Isabell the whiche wer the weryng clothes of the    #
said
Isabell beyng vppon her person felonesly toke and bare a way of
the whiche forsaide murdre and roborie the said Iohn Bolton ys  #
endited
wher of the recordes remayneth a for yowe of Recorde in
your benche of the whiche Recorde the tenur ther of ys Annexed  #
vn
to this bille. And the said Iohn Bolton of his sotell           #
ymaginacion
be cause he wold not answer to the saide enditement nether to   #
other
diuerse horible felonies of the whiche he was endited he        #
knowleched
diuerse felonies and ... [\... CANCELLED\] tresons and be cam a #
prouowr and ther
of appeled diuerse other men and vnder colour of that Appelle   #
so
hongyng he gate hym a Chartre of pardon of yow of all maner
tresons and felonies ye beyng not lerned of the forsaid         #
horible felonies
and treson the whiche Chartre ys allowed of Recorde. And ther
vppon  to ordeigne And graunte by the Au(ctorite of) [\THE      #
TEXT IN PARENTHESES TORN, SUPPLIED FROM Rotuli Parliamentorum\] #
this present
parlement that the saide Iohn Bolton so beyng in prison as hit  #
ys forsaid
by what name so euer he be named be putte to Answer vn
to the said felonies comprehen(id in the) [\THE TEXT IN         #
PARENTHESES TORN, SUPPLIED FROM Rotuli Parliamentorum\] said    #
enditement+g And in
especiall to the murdre of the said Isabell with out any        #
processe
to be made Ayenst hym considering that he ys in the (Marschall
warde of your benche) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES ARE OVER       #
ERASURE\] the said (Chartre) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES TORN,    #
SUPPLIED FROM Rotuli Parliamentorum\] or allowance ther of or   #
any
other chartre made or to be made to the said Iohn a contrarie   #
noght
withstonding And all so that he be came a prouowr or for any
other cause as a fore (rehersed) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES      #
RUBBED\] And yf he be founden gilty in the saide
murdre he to be iuged and demed as a traitour and suche         #
execucion
to be don vppon his body as schuld be don vppon a traitour      #
(atteint
of hie) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] treson              #
notwithstondyng the saide (chartre And he
to forfete) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES ARE OVER ERASURE\] his   #
goodes and Catels londes And tenementes as the lawe
requireth of hym that ys atteint of ffelonie And that the       #
(said chartre
be) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] not as for the saide    #
murdre and Roborie to hym in no wise
auaillable but vtterly voide and noght in lawe. And all so      #
that by the
said Autorite A speciall commission be (made to the) [\THE      #
WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] Chief iustice
of youre... [\... CANCELLED\] benche and other iustices nowe    #
beyng present to procede
to the Areignement of the said Iohn in all goodly hast vppon    #
the
said murdre (and Roberie) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\]   #
accordinge to this said Acte notwithstandinge
the Aiournement of your Courtes in exsample and drede
<P 262>
to all other that wold offende in like wise And that the saide  #
(Chief
Justice) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] haue power by this #
saide Autorite to bringe thes saide recordes 
of the saide enditementes by fore hym selue and the saide       #
Comissioners
at the day that they (shalle sitte uppon the said) [\THE        #
WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN; SUPPLIED FROM Rotuli                 #
Parliamentorum\] comission
And ther vppon to procede in hast as hit ys forsaid (And yf     #
any man
desire here after to Rauisshe Any woman) [\THE WORDS IN         #
PARENTHESES ARE OVER ERASURE\] and for cause that sche
wolle noghte assente (vnto hym sle and) [\THE WORDS IN          #
PARENTHESES RUBBED\] murdre her that any chartre
to be made to any suche person for any suche murdre (be) [\THE  #
WORD IN PARENTHESES CREASED\] voide
and noght auaillable in lawe for the loue of ihesu and yn way   #
of charite 

<P 268>
[} [\217\] }]
[} [\1450 SC8/2/52 PETITION OF COMMONS CONCERNING TRADE WITH
BRABAND, HOLLAND\] }]
[\LEFT MARGIN TORN; MATERIAL IN PARENTHESES SUPPLIED FROM       #
Rotuli Parliamentorum\]

   (Prayen) the Comeyns in this (your) [\THE WORD IN            #
PARENTHESES A SUPERIOR INSERT\] present parlement assembled
to consider howe that atte your parlement holden atte           #
Westminstre
the xxvij yere of your noble reigne for cause of a certeyn      #
ordinaunce
hadde (proclai)med puplished and streytely kepte in the         #
parties of
Braband holland and +geland that no manere of cloth made in     #
this Reame
of Englond shulde not come in to the seid parties +ter (to be   #
sold)
in eny wise vppon peyne of forfetur of the same cloth wherefore
ye our souerain lord by cause it ys expressely ageinis the      #
trieux and  appointement
made & take betwix (youre Rea)mes landes and subgiettes
of the oon parties and the landes whiche the Duke of Burgoigne  #
holdeth
and occupieth on +te o+ter partie haue often her bifore this    #
tyme do
write your (lettres requi)sitore and send your messages for     #
due reformacion
to haue be hadde in this behalfe whereof as yet no due
redresse is hadde vnto +te right intollerable hurt of all the   #
Comeyns of
this (Reame by) cause +tat many cloth makers +tat is to wete    #
men
weuvers fullers diers and women kempers Carders & spynners &    #
o+ter
biers & sellers +terof such as can noon o+ter occupacions (by   #
verrey
necessite be) compelled for their levyng to do the occupacions  #
And
such of theym as can nat do noon o+ter occupacions be come as   #
ydell
pepull whiche prouoketh hem to (synne and myschevous lyvyng
and) vppon this consideracion that it please you souerain lord  #
by
<P 269>
the aduyce and assent of your lordes spirituelx and temporelx   #
assembled
in your said parlement and by auctorite (of the same par)lement
it was ordeyned that but yf so were +tat due continuell         #
reformacion
wer made in the seid parties of Braband holland and +geland
of the seid (ordenaunce betwi)x that tyme and the fest of seint
Michell +tan next comyng so that all maner of cloth of woll     #
made in
this Reame myghte come and be accepted into (the same par)ties
of Braband holland and +geland ther to be vttred and sold as    #
frely as
eny o+ter merchandises +tat than for defaute of such            #
reformacion
in (that behalve no manere of) merchandises ne goodes of the
growyng nor wurkyng of the landes and parties that the said     #
Duke helde
and occupied schuld not come in to the seid (Reame after the    #
seid
Fest uppon) peyne of forfeitur of the merchandises +tat is for  #
to sey
the one halfe +terof to the kyng and o+ter halfe +terof to hym  #
that
firste seiseth the seid merchandises (in whos handes that       #
ever) they
wer founde and that ther vppon open proclamacion shuld be made  #
betwyx
+tat tyme and the xv day of Iuyll than next comyng withinne
(the Citee of london and other) places necessarie & conuenient  #
+terto
And yif eny suyt wer commenced aftere that tyme hadd for cause
of eny such seisyng in which eny issue (concernyng +tat acte    #
sh)uld
be taken +tat the seid issue shuld be tried in the shire wher   #
the seid seisyn
shulde be hadde and in noon o+ter place The whiche ordenaunce
(shuld endure unto the) next parlement And for asmoch as be the
summyns and commensyng of this your present parlement the seid  #
acte
is fully expired & determyned no (due reformation) of the parte
of the seid Duke of the premysses yut hade that it please your  #
highnesse
be the avise of your (lordes spirituelx and temporell in this   #
your
present parlement assembled) and be the auctorite of the same   #
to
ordeyne and estable that open proclamacion be hadde in the      #
Citee
of london and o+ter places necessarie (and convenient) +terto   #
betwyx
this and the fest of Pentecost next comeyng +tat but yf so be   #
dewe
contenuell reformacion be made and hadde in the seid parties    #
(of Braband)
holland and +geland betwyxte this tyme and the fest of Natiuite
of Seynt Iohn Baptist next comeyng so that all maner cloth of   #
woll
(made in) this your Reame mowe come & be accepted into the same
parties of Braband holland and +geland +ter to be vttered and   #
sold
as frely as eny o+ter merchandises (that than) for defaute of   #
such reformacion
in that be halue no maner of merchandises ne goodes of
the growyng nor wurkyng of the landes and parties that +te      #
(seid
Duke) holde and occupieth shulle come in to the seid Reame      #
after the
seid fest vppon peyn of forfaitur of the merchandises that is   #
for
to sey the (one halfe) +terof to +te kyng & +te o+ter halfe     #
+terof to
<P 270>
hym that first seiseth the seid merchandises in whos handes     #
that ever
they wer founde and if eny suyt be (commenced) her after for    #
cause
of eny such seysyng in whiche eny issue concernyng this acte    #
shall
be taken that the seid issue be tried in +te shire wher (the    #
seid) seisyng
in hadde and in noon o+ter place and that this acte indur in
perpetuete 

<Q M4 XX DOC PET4>
<N PET CHANCERY>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D NL>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 212>
[} [\173\] }]
[} [\1424-26 C1/1/27 PETITION OF WILLYAM MIDYLTON OF
HOLDERNESS, YORKSHIRE\] }]

   To my graciouse Lorde of Wynchestre the Chauncellor of
Engeland
   Compleines Willyam Midylton of Waughen in holdernesse in als
mykill als Iohn of Cotyngham gentylman of Waughen forsayde a    #
with
certeigne men of his. wapynd & armed. yat es to say. Iohn of
Waughen husbandman. Thomas warde husbandman (Robert of Bate)    #
[\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES FADED\]
wryght. & Iohn west wryght. wyth yair force of ye same Toune    #
forsayde.
maliciously agayne ye kyngis pece & (rebelliously) [\THE WORD   #
IN PARENTHESES FADED\] agayne ye
gouernours of ye deuyne seruyce of ye kyrk of Wanghen forsayde
in seruyce tyme opon seint Steyn day ye last in ye (same) [\THE #
WORD IN PARENTHESES FADED\] kyrke
woulde haf slayn me with ane polle axe & all ye pepyll & ye     #
preste so
affrayde at ye leuacion tyme clappyd saume ye buke for ferid. &
I for drede of my dede habade still in ye same kyrk of seint    #
peter 
ffraunchiss .x. houre+g lange & ye forsayde Iohan of Cotyng ham #
Iohn.
Thomas Robert. & Iohn with yair force en armed & wapened lygand
<P 213>
still in ane awayte in ye kyngis way & aboute ye same kyrke to  #
haf slayne
me if I had comyn oute of ye kyrk. & no man durst him arest to
ye pece. & yat same Iohn of Cotyngham proferd openly to ye 
qwhylk of yam forsayde yat myght haf kylled me. soulde haf had  #
xx.
noblis for my dede als (it is) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES       #
FADED\] opynly knawen to all yat toune &
ye contreth. for ane worde I spak in ye kyrk. yat it wer        #
better bell
vnrogne at ye sauntes tyme yan ye messe vnsogne. & I neuer sen
yat day hidirward durst yer habyde in ye contree for drede of   #
my
dede for yat Iohn of Cotyngham & his force forsayde. in         #
harmyng &
in costes of me & myne. xx li. Qwharfore lyke it to yhour       #
graciouse
lordeschip in saueyng of my lyfe & ye kyngis pece & ye state    #
of yat
kyrke of seint peter ffraunchess & my harme+g graunte a writ    #
sub
pena for yis for(sayd) [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES FADED\]     #
Iohn of Cotyngham & his iiij. felaughes 
in propir persone+g to com by for yhour self. for ye luf of     #
god & by
way of charite

<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q M4 XX DEPO DEPOSC>
<N DEPOS CHANCERY>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T PROC DEPOS>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 168>
[} [\142\] }]
[} [\1437 C49/22/18 DEPOSITION SIGNED BY ADAM MOLEYNS\] }]

   The xe day of ffeuerer the vije yere of the kyng at          #
Westmynstre
in the Sterre Chambre beyng +tanne present +te high and myghti
Prince Duc of Gloucestre the Bisshops of Bath Chanceller and    #
of seint
dauid +terlis of Saresbury and Northumbr the lord Cromwell      #
Tresorer
of England William lyndewode keper of +te kyngis priue seal     #
and Robert
Rolleston Warderober the kyngis counsaillours examined +te      #
person(s) [\THE LETTER IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\]
whoos namis here on folow vpon +te ryot (that) [\THE WORD IN    #
PARENTHESES IS OVER ERASURE\] was doon
at Bedford. +te xije. day of Ianuer +te yere aboue said. AND    #
FIRST.
was called before +te seid (counsale) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES #
TORN\] Thomas wawton and sworn 
vpon a bok to sey the playn trouth and nou+gt to mene it with   #
eny ontrouth  
for hate or euel will nei+ter for loue ner fauour but plainly
report as it was in dede nou+gt sparing for no persone ne for   #
no +ting
<P 169>
and he seid plainly he wolde seye +te trouth in such +tingis    #
as shulde 
be demaunded of him. FIRST. it was asked him yif he hadde sette
his seel vnto +te certificat +tat was yeue and put vp to +te    #
kyng vpon +te 
lord ffaunhop as touching +te seid mater of Bedford / and he 
answered ye. And forthwith asked yif he knewe +te mater         #
content in
the said certificatt and he answered ye HE WAS asked with what
pepil +te lord ffaunhop come to +te Toune of Bedford at +tat    #
tyme
and in what array he answered as to +te nombr of persones with  #
a sexti
and as to (+te)ire [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] array  #
with pikk doublettis and swerdis and
bokelers and +tus arraied some of +teime come in to +te halle   #
/ and as
too of +teime within +te barre IT WAS asked yif +te seid lord
ffaunhop at o+ter cessions a fore +tat tyme was wont to come    #
in like
array he answered ye. HE WAS asked wheder he cam to +te halle
before +te lord ffaunhop / and hou many of +te iustices were    #
+tere
to giders ar +te lord ffaunhop cam he answered +tat he and      #
Iohn Enderby
/ Iohn ffit+g and harry Etwell cam to +te halle before +te lord
ffaunhop / HE WAS asked yif +tei all knewe wel +tat +te lord    #
ffaunhop
was in +te towne of Bedford and yif +tei hadde eny spech of     #
him 
amonges +teime iiije. and to all +tis he aunswered ye. HE WAS   #
demaunded
yif he sent to +te lord ffaunhop eny word of +teire beyng +tere
to geders or warned him +tat +tei wolde procede in +te          #
cessions or
ellis +tat +tei taried vnto his comyng to euerich of +tis he    #
answered nay
/ but +tei iiije. sat downe and proceded not to +te cessions    #
but commoned
to geders HE WAS. asked yif he and his felaws such time as
+te lord ffaunhop come to +teime dede him eny reuerence or what
countenance +tei made (he seid) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES      #
TORN\] +tat his +tre felaws stode vp and
he sitting stille a valed his hode. HE WAS asked hou +te lord   #
ffaunhop
demened him after his comyng to +teime / And he answered +tat
he sat him (doune) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] and       #
callid to him Iohn ffit+g and william Pek and
willed +teime to sitte downe by him and +te seid ffit+g         #
aduised +te
lord ffaunhop to take vnto him wawton (and) [\THE WORD IN       #
PARENTHESES RUBBED\] and Enderby for +tei
were a boue +te seid ffit+g in +te commission / and +te seid    #
lord
ffaunhop aunswered (+teim nay) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES: OVER #
ERASURE\] come and +tu will +te (toon) [\THE WORD IN            #
PARENTHESES OVER ERASURE\] shal
be wolcome +te to+ter may chese and +tis communicacion had      #
+tei sat
downe to (gideris) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] HE WAS.   #
asked hou +te rumor and noyse fill
amonges +teime / he answered by oncurteise langage be twene     #
Iohn
ffit+g Geffray and a seruant of +te lord ffaunhops +te which    #
+te seid lord
ffaunhop bad to answere to +tat +te which was seid vnto him and
+te same seruant forthwith sauyng +te reuerence of his lord     #
seid it was
fals and so lyued +te seid Iohn fit+g Geffray and forth with    #
wawton
seith +tat he seid to +te lord ffaunhop it is +te vnruliest     #
cession +tat
I haue euer sey in Bedford and yif it be not o+terwise reuled   #
I wol complaine
<P 170>
vnto +te kinges counseill to +te which +te lord ffaunhop shulde
haue seid complaine as +to wole y defie +ti menasing and all    #
+tine
euel will wawton seide he answered I sette litil of +ti         #
defiance and
with +tis +tere was rumor and noyse in +te halle and soo +tei   #
rose vp bo+te
+te lord ffaunhop wawton Enderby and all +te remenant / and +te
lord ffaunhop stode vpon +te Cheker borde +te which borde       #
stode a fore
+te benche HE WAS asked yif he sye +te lord ffaunhop drawe eny
dagger he seid forsoth nay he was asked whe+ter he sawe eny     #
dagger
in his hande and he seid ye. fur+termore he was asked in what   #
wise
he helde +te dagger in his hande +te point forth ri+gt foynyng  #
/ or
ellis +te point towardes his elbowe downward / and to +tis he   #
said he
wist nat / HE WAS also asked yif he sawe +te lord ffaunhop (or
any man of his) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES SUPERIOR INSERT\]    #
smite eny man or made eny likly countenaunce to smyte
he said nay / HE WAS also asked whe+ter +te lord ffaunhop such
tyme as he stode vpon +te borde labored to +te cessing of +te   #
rumor
and debat or ellis +tat he stured and moued +te pepil to rumor  #
/ and
he answered +tat he labored to cesse +te noyse and +te rumor    #
+tat
was in +te halle He was asked wheder he labored effectuelly or  #
ellis faintly
and vnder colour of his labore soffred harme to be doo / he
answered +tat to his vnderstandyng he labored to +te keping of  #
pees /
and to stynte +te noyse and Rumor +tat was in +te halle and     #
alsoo
diligently as euer he sawe man. HE WAS asked what the seid lord
ffaunhop dide such tyme as the noyse was cessed / he answered
+tat he went vnto his ynne. and with his owne seruant+g lete    #
feleshipped
+te seid wawton / and o+ter of his felaws / vnto +teire         #
logginges for
+teire more seuretee and +te lord ffaunhop willed wawton to     #
haue
come dronken with him as he hadde Enderby seyeng to wawton +tat
he sholde be welcome for he yaf him drink which he hadde lesse
cause to loue +tanne (him) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\]   #
menyng be Enderby: IOHN Enderby called
before +te counsail in fourme as it is reherced of Thomas       #
wawton
in like wise swore vpon a bok to (sey) [\THE WORD IN            #
PARENTHESES IS OVER ERASURE\] +te trouth in +te mater a boue
said & +te which he promissed to do &c. EXAMINED vpon +te       #
first 
article he seide at +te tyme of makyng of +te certificat +te    #
which was sent 
vnto +te kyng his felawe and he were in d(i)fference [\THE      #
LETTER IN PARENTHESES TORN\] and discorde
not for+tanne he sette his seal +terto. AS TO +te secunde to    #
+te +tridde
to +te fourthe to +te fifte to +te vje. and to +te vije.        #
articles he accorded
in all his deposicion and answere with Thomas wawton: AS TO
+te viij. he seide +tat +tei stode vp all such tyme as +te      #
lord ffaunhop
come to +teime. AS TO +te ixe. and +te xe. article he accorded  #
in substance
with +te seid wawton confessing alsoo +tat he him self drewe    #
out
his owne dagger / and in +te tyme of +te rumor his man brought
him a swerd and in what wise he departid from his dagger he     #
can not
<P 171>
sey. AS TO +te xje article he seith +tat he sawe not +te lord   #
ffaunhop
to drawe eny dagger / nei+ter +tat he hadde eny in his hande:   #
EXAMINED
vpon +te xije. and +te xiije articles he accorded with Thomas
wawton no +ting varyeng in substance. IOHN ffit+g in like wise  #
as
wawton and Enderby sworn vpon a bok and examined answereth as
it folowith: IN THE first and +te secunde Article he accorded   #
with
wawton: IN THE +tridde +te iiije and +te ve. and +te sexte      #
Articles he
accorded in his deposicion with wawton and Enderby: AS TO +Te
vij article he accorded with Enderby and not with wawton: AS TO
+te viij article he accorded alsoo AS TO +te ix article he      #
accordith with
wawton. IN +Te. xe article he accordith with Enderby bo+te      #
+tat he
sawe +te lord ffaunhop to drawe no dagger nei+ter +tat he       #
hadde eny
in his hande In the xje and xij articles he accordeth with      #
wawton
and Enderby AND ALSO in +te xiije article no+ting chaungyng in
substance. HARRY Etwell examined and sworn vpon a bok to sey
trouth In +te first article he accordith with his felaws: IN    #
THE
secunde article he accorded also with his felaws saue he        #
va(ri)ed [\THE LETTERS IN PARENTHESES CREASED\] in
nombre seyng +tat +te lord ffaunhop come to Bedford with xl. or
l. persons / IN THE iije +te iiij +te v. and +te vje. articles  #
he accordid
with his felaws IN +Te vij and +te viij. articles he accorded   #
with
Enderby (IN +Te ixe) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN\] and +te  #
xe. articles he accordith with wawton
IN +Te (xie. xij and xiije) [\THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES TORN\]   #
articles he accordith with his felaws: THE
xxiiij day of ffeuerer +te yere a boue seid at westmynstre      #
Thomas
Stratton vnder shereue of Bedford in +te (presence) [\THE       #
WORD IN PARENTHESES RUBBED\] of the high and
my+gti prince +te Duc of Gloucestre the Bisshop of Bath         #
Chaunceller
of England +terle of Saresbury lord Cromwel tresorer of         #
Englonde: +te
lord hungerford William lyndewode keper of +te kinges priue     #
seal
+te kinges counsaillours / swere vpon a bok to make trewe and   #
iuste
answere in +tat shulde be demanded him of +te Ryot doon at      #
Bedford:
FIRST he was demanded yif he was priue of +te certificat
+tat was made vnto +te kyng by wawton Enderby ffit+g and        #
Etwell and
he seid ye: MORE OUER he was demanded where he sat at +te
cession tyme. and he answered at +te lord ffaunhop fete         #
inasmoche as
he was clerc of +te cessions: HE WAS asked hou +te rumor be gan
/ and he +terein accorded with +te (seye)ng [\THE LETTERS IN    #
PARENTHESES RUBBED\] of wawton and soo he dede
in all his deposicions sauyng in +te xj Article he varied from  #
all
seyeng / +tat +te lord ffanhop (su)ch [\THE LETTERS IN          #
PARENTHESES RUBBED\] tyme as he stode vpon +te 
Cheker borde he made (countenance) [\THE WORD IN PARENTHESES    #
RUBBED\] towardes Enderby as he wolde 
haue smete him / but he seith he smote him not
   Adam Moleyns

<P 296>
[} [\236\] }]
[} [\C 1428 C49/22/19 BRISTOL DEPOSITION\] }]

   The certyficate of the Meyr and Baillyffes of Brystowe
<P 297>
   Remembrance that the fryday next after +te fest of the       #
Exaltacion
of the holy Croyce the sexte yer of the kyng that nowe ys: Iohn #
Baylly
late the Clerk of Phelip Excestre: come a fore Robert Russell   #
that
tyme Meyr Roger lyuedon and Water Milton the yonger Baillifs.   #
And
many other worthy men syttyng yn open Court And seyd openly
yn heryng of alle men: that ther were that serteyn day and      #
yere: he shewed
to Thomas Stamford a dede ensealed that Crystyan Nele somtyme  
of Brystowe made vnder her seal. And also vnder the Meyres      #
seale:
to Willyam Combe somtyme Burgeis of Bristowe: of certeyn londes 
And tenementes: yn the towne: and +te subarbes of Bristowe: And #
whan
he had shewed the same dede: vn to the same Thomas: the same
Thomas toke the seales yn his honde: and desyred the foresaid   #
dede:
And for the same Iohn Bailly. wolde not delyuer hit hym: he     #
pulled
of the seales. that he helde yn his honde: and putte hem yn his #
sleue:
And whan the same Thomas hed harde these wordes: he said. that  #
sothe
hit was: that +te said Iohn Baylly shewed hym suche a dede:     #
And.
yn struglyng be twene hem bothe: he brake of the seales: and so #
he
knoweleched the brekyng ther of: openly a fore alle the Court /
and said these wordes: I didde hit. what wolle ye sey ther to:  #
take youre
auauntage:

<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q M4 XX DOC SHILLDOC>
<N DOCUM SHILL>
<A SHILLINGFORD JOHN>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T DOCUM>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 80>
[} [\XXXI.\] }]
[} [\THE MAYOR'S ARTICLES OF COMPLAINT AGAINST THE BISHOP,     
DEAN, AND CHAPTER.\] }]
[}ARTICLE I.}]

   For the furst article of theire grevous compleyntis the      #
saide
Maier and Cominalte seyn that there as where the tenantis and
inhabitants of the saide Bysshop with ynne the sayde Cite and
suburb of the same ben cessable and chargable, have be cessed   #
and
charged, and of right oughte to be and yet ben w=t= the         #
citeseyns
and inhabitantis of the same Cite, and hath ben used levy       #
therof to be
made by the Mayer and such as he hath assigned and deputed
therto yn alle maner dymes citeseyn spendyng and the fe ferme   #
yf
nede be, and alle other taxacions talliages and chargis as      #
well to the
<P 81>
kyng oure soverayn lorde graunted and so hath be yn the tymes   #
of
his noble progenitours as of alle other contribucions and       #
chargis
w=t= yn the saide cite and as parcell of the same. And nowe the
laste specially assessying and payment of half a dyme, whiche   #
was
assessed and payd yn maner and fourme as by long tyme           #
favorabilly
hath be done: but the forsayde Mayer and Comminalte moste       #
grevously
compleyne of ij tymes next there be fore of cessyng and paynge  #
of
dymes, one yn the tyme of John Coteler beynge Mayer and another
tyme William Upton beynge Mayer; at whiche both tymes the
tenantis of the seide Bisshop w=t= other were warned to come    #
to the
Gildehalle, as by longe tyme hath be done, to assessynge of the
sayde dymes. And as tochyng the sayd Bysshoppys tenantis they
come noght, ne no wyse wolde come to assesse ne paye with the
sayde cite atte the ij tymes aboveseid, but by one M=r= Henry
Webber wrongefully of mere malice and yvell wyll and by         #
commaundement
of the saide Bisshop manassynge the sayde tenantys
as well as yn other charges yf they deede the contrary [{to{]   #
putte
ham oute of theire tenuris, and so they durste not come sette   #
ne
paye as they hade be woned to done.

[}ARTICLE II.}]

   More over the sayde Mayer and Citeseyns seyn that by         #
commaundement
of the sayde Bysshop and speciall rule of the sayde
Master Harry, assessyng and levy was made amonge the sayde
Bysshoppis tenantis of ij dymes as a cite or a burgh by hym     #
self,
and so was hit never, consideryng that dymes beth graunted but  #
of
citees and burghis, and the money so assessed and made levy     #
kepte
and yet kepeth to the use of the said Bishop to grete hyndryng 
and anyntysement of the same cite, upon the whiche the sayde
Mayer and Citeseyns made sute to the sayde Byshoppis counseill
and most specially to the sayd Maister Harry yn the moste gode
and yesly wyse that they cowde, praying hym of his gode         #
frendship
<P 82>
to helpe to refourme this wronge abovesayde. The sayde Mayster
Harry right shortely weywardly and angerly answered seyyng
that the sayde Mayer and Citeseyns shold right noght have a do
w=t= the sayde Bysshoppis tenantis w=t= yn the cite and suburb  #
of the
same, ne the sayde tenantis w=t= the sayde Mayer and            #
Citeseyns, but
only be ceparat and distyncte awey fro the sayde cite, seyyng
furthermore that we sholde have nywe tidynges yn shorte tyme,
menyng as we conceyved sithen a nywe charter that the sayde
Bysshop hath purchased sithenys. Nertheles by speciall prayer   #
of
the saide Mayer and Citeseyns menyng for the beste hit was      #
prayed
and graunte for a trayne that these maters sholde be put upon   #
the 
sayde Bysshoppys counseyll and the counseyll of the saide       #
cite, and
so hit honged yn trety by longe tyme; under which entrety the   #
nywe
forsayde charter was purchased to grete hurte and hyndryng to   #
the
sayde Mayer and Citeseyns; we praying you oure lorde            #
Chaunceller 
most specially and you oure lordis to considre alle the 
wronges comprehended yn thys article, consyderyng that the      #
seide
wronge of nonpayement of the seide dymes ys alle the grounde
cause and begynnyng of all the grete debate that hongeth now by
twene the seide Bysshop Dean and Chapyter and the seide Mayer
and Cyteseyns; for by fore the tyme of begynnyng sturyng and
movyng of the said Bysshoppes officers and specially of the     #
seide
Meystre Harry of thees forseide maters, he was the most goode   #
and
blessyd Lorde and Bysshopp best wylled and set and most good    #
doo
and lyke to have done that ever we had there, and so we trust   #
to
Godde with youre goode lordshippes woll be yet.

<P 83>
[}ARTICLE III.}]

   Item the seyde Meyer Baillifs and Comminalte compleyne ham
and seyn that where they and theyer [{predecessoures{] be       #
seasyd 
of tyme that no mynde ys of a leete as hyt ys above seide, one
John Barton felon that feloniously hadde robbyd the churche
of Morchard of a chalys and other goodes to the valew of xx li.
an a hors at Evyll yn S ..... atte pris of v. marke, the whiche
goodes and catell the seide John brought yn to a tenement of    #
the
seide Bysshop yn Exceter where the seide Meyer by hys offycers
wolde have arestyd the seyde John and seised the said godes but
they were let by one John Toylerd and other of the seide        #
Bysshoppys
offycers and by hys commaundement as hit is supposed; wher upon
the seide John Berton by the said John Tylard and officers was
conveyed away and toke the Cathedrall Churche of Seynt Peter
of Excetre, whiche churche ys and ever hath be with ynne the
lybertees ffranchees jurisdiccions and power of the seide cyte;
whither the coroners of the seide cyte come to take the         #
knowleche
of the said John Berton ys felonyes abovesaid as ever hath be   #
usyd
to done there as well as of abjuracions and to corowne          #
prisoners ded
yn the Bysshop ys prisonn. And when the seide coroners cam to
take the confessyon above seide they were let by strenthe of    #
one
S=r= John John and Pyers Carter and many other mynesters and
clerkes of the seide churche by commaundement of the seide
Bysshop Dean and Chapiter so that they myght nought doo theyre
offyce there atte that tyme. And so the seide John Berton by
them was brought yn to a hous ycallyd the Bakehous and so       #
conveyhid
and brought hym oute of towne. Also wher the saide
coroners diverse tymes cam to the Bysshop ys palyce to have
coroned diverse prisoners beyng ther yn the seide Bishop ys     #
prison
ded and yn especiall one William Wey; atte whiche tymes by one
<P 84>
Wauter Herte and other as servauntez of the seyde Bysshop and
by hys commaundement they were let to do theyre offyce there,
and the seide prisoners so ded buryed uncoroned. And as         #
touchyng
the seide goodes and cattall wayff y-left yn the seid Bysshop   #
ys
tenement, ther was kept with stronge hande by the seide John
Toylerd and other of the seide Bysshopp ys offycers and so      #
wrongfully
to the use of the saide Bysshop as hit is supposed kepyth hyt
to grete hurte and hynderyng of oure soveraigne lorde the Kyng  #
and
the seide Meyer and Comminalte.

[}ARTICLE IV.}]

   Item the seide Meyer Baillifs and Comminalte compleyne ham
that wher by the graunte of Kyng Edward the ferst one of the
progenitours of oure soveraigne lorde the Kyng that now ys and  #
by
graunte of the seide Meyer and cytiseyns of the seide cyte of   #
Exceter
the seide Bysshop Dean and Chapiter that tyme beyng hadde       #
lycence
to enclose the cimitary ther as hit more pleynly apperyth yn a  #
composicion
ther of made. Afore whiche grauntez the Meyer and
Cyteseyns hadde and yet ought to have a strete y-called Fyssh   #
strete
whiche lyyth with ynne that they calle the prosyncte of the     #
cloos of 
Seynt Peter of Exceter and with oute the seide cimitery; yn     #
whiche
strete of tyme that no mynde ys the ffysh market of the seide   #
Meyer 
and Comminalte was woned to be holde; the whiche strete         #
streccheth
fro a yeate callyd Seynt Martyn ys yeate dyrectly un to the     #
towne
walles to a grete defensable towre ther; yn the whiche strete   #
the
said Maire and cyteseyns by the seide Dean and Chapiter buth    #
let
to holde theire marketes now as we have be woned to doo; yn     #
whiche
way, as well as yn other places with ynne the seide cloos and   #
cimitery,
they have made diverse purprestours as steyrez and gardyns and
yncroched londe contrary to the composycyon above seide; and yn
especiall the ende of the seide Fyssh strete enchroched all     #
the hole
wey thurt over for a court place to the mancion of the          #
Archideacon
<P 85>
of Cornewaill as hyt apperyth openly; so that the seide Meyer   #
and
cyteseyns may nought have theyre way as theym ought to have to
the towne wallys and y=e= Towre forseide. And also yn the cyte
they have made a purpresture yn the Hye strete of the seide     #
Cyte v.
stalys of lx. fote long and more and iij. feete yn brede yn     #
the for
part of a new tenement above Seynt Stephyn ys churche of        #
Exceter
wher was never no stale but a stony walle of the leynthe above  #
seide.
And another purpresture made by the commaundement of the seide
Bysshop as hit is supposed yn Bolehil strete yn a place         #
y-called the
Bysshop ys rent yn the fore part of whiche rent ys a long       #
stony wall
of cc. fote of lenketh and moche more, yn the whiche walle      #
buth diverse
shoppez wyndowes of olde tyme hadde, the leves ther of goyng    #
ynward,
and none other ne never were, yn to now late the seide Bysshop  #
hath
set oute of purpos a grete bulk stale, a purpresture. The       #
whiche
purpresture with all purprestures above seide standen and been  #
set
upon the grounde of the seide Meyer and citezeins without       #
lycence
of theym asked or hadde to the hurte and disheritson of the     #
seide
Meyer and Cyteseyns abovesaid.

[}ARTICLE V.}]

   Item the seyde Meyer and Comminalte compleynyth that wher
the Dean and Chapiter of the Cathedrall Churche of Seynt Peter
<P 86>
of Exceter have a cloyster joynaunt to the seide Cathedrall     #
Churche
with ynne the square of whiche cloister ys a voide place        #
y-called
"the Praiell," yn the whiche ys comyn sepulture whenne the
cymytere standith pollute; thrugh whiche cloyster was a comyn
waye for the sayd Maier and Comminalte yn to the said           #
Cathedrall
Chirche and the said cloyster a place of praier and devocyon    #
to praie
for alle the sawlys was bonys lieth yn the said cloister and    #
prayell
atte tyme of dyvyne servyce doyng in the saide cathedrall       #
churche;
but now right late the saide Deane and Chapitere the dorys of   #
the
saide cloister have stoppid and closid contrarie to the gode    #
usagis of
all holy churche, the kynges lawe and the use afore tyme hadde
and ayenst al good pollecye.

[}ARTICLE VI.}]

   Also the said Maier and Comminalte compleyneth whare late
was sette yn the cymytere of the Cathedrall Churche of Seynt
Peter of Excetre a grete drie fryth almoste evyn junant to the  #
bak
side of the costlewe billyng and yn the cheiff place of the     #
citee of
Excetre therto enclose and enclosed a gret parcell of tymber,   #
the
whiche fright atte the stroke of ix. atte clocke yn the         #
shortestez
tyme of eere yn the nyght, alle the close yeatis beyng faste    #
yshet,
as hit aught to be by a composicion ij. owris before, by on of  #
the
mynysteris of the said Cathedrall Churche was sette afire, and  #
began
to brenne, and yf hit hadde had his course lyke to have sette   #
a fyre
<P 87>
and brende the cheif and grete parte of the citee. And yet hit  #
was
said by the said mynyster and other minystres of the said       #
Cathedrall
Churche to noyse and disslaundre the said citee that hit was    #
sette
afire by men of the same citee to brenne the said Cathedrall    #
Churche.
And hit provith noght so by shutyng of the sayd cloys yaetis.   #
And
by that the said Cathedrall Churche stant a buc shote fro and 
more.

[}ARTICLE VII.}]

   Also the said Maier and Comminalte compleyneth that where
the said Bysshop ys seysed of a gardyn lyyng to his paleys
and the said Dean and Chapitere of iij. other gardynes, of the
whiche said iij. gardynes of the said Dean and Chapitere on     #
lyeth
to the mancyon of the Archdekne of Cornewayle and a nother
lyeth to the mancyon of the Chaunceler of Excetre and the       #
thirdde
lyeth to [{the{] mansion of the Archdeacon of Excetre; the      #
whiche 
iiij gardynes lyeth fro a lane y-called the Freren lane junant  #
a long
by the Towne Wallys almoste to the Sowthe gate of the same
citee. Atte two endys of whiche gardynes and by twyne every
gardyn so ayunant apon the Towne Wallys ys a walle thurte and
buttyng a yenst the Towne Walle and a posterne yeate therynne,
the [{whiche{] wallys and posternys by the Maier and Comminalte
by force of a composicion and as the composicion woll, have be
made and ofte tymes repaired and amended, and ij lokkys and     #
keies
yn and to every yeate, one kaye of every yeate remaynyng to the
said Maier and Comminalte and a nother to the Bysshop and so to
every of the personys ecclesiasticeris forsaid to this entent   #
that the
said yeate sholde noght be sette opyn but atte the Maier ys     #
will
ouns yn a eere a yenste the comyng of the Maier to over se yf
eny nede be to repaire the towne wallys. And yf eny nede be to
repaire, to stande opyn duryng the tyme of repeiryng as yn the
said composicion more openly and pleynly aperith. With owte
the procyncte of the said Bisshop ys garden and yn the said     #
wall
<P 88>
there is the moste costelew defence and moste stately towre of  #
alle
the City, of the saide Maier and Comminalte well heled with     #
led and
housed for a right gode mansion to be ther yn. The whiche towre
late was repayred to the coste of the saide Mayer and           #
Comminalte
of xx li. and more and right a stronge dore w=t= lokke and      #
keye made
therto and fast yshitte to this entent ther to bryng yn stuf    #
for the
werre and defence of the cite and other thyng more of the saide
cite ther to be kept stronge saf and sure. The which dore of    #
the
towre w=t= the other v. postern doris, the whiche v. dorys      #
buth comprehended 
yn the saide composicion, ofte tymes have be repayred
and amended to the grete coste of the seyde Mayer and           #
Comminalte,
and as ofte as ever they have be repaired ever anon they have   #
be
right spytefully broke up by the Bisshop and Dean and Chapitre
aforesaid, and the dore of the said towre at all tyme and yet   #
is so
stondynge open and fakettes hors and dong and myche other       #
ungodely
thyng by commaundement of the said Bisshop broghte
theryn; bycause of +te whiche the said towre is likely to be    #
destroyed
and fall a down to grete hyndryng of the said cite yn repaire   #
yf
hit falle of m=l~=l~i. and the said v. postern doris so broke   #
up, oo suche 
lok and keye as they woll is sette yn every dore to theire      #
pleisaunce
disporte and yese to go yn and oute when ever they will         #
contrary
to the saide composicion. By the whiche yeatis full ungodely
cariage as suspecious men and wymmen have be ladde yn and oute,
and divers men that sholde have be arest conveyed awey by that
wey to right grete hurte hyndryng harmys and damage to the
saide Cite.

[}ARTICLE VIII.}]

   Item the Mayer and Comminalte compleyneth as tochyng the
Freren lane abovesaide, the whiche is a longe lane lyyng a      #
longe
<P 89>
by and yn the bakside joynant to divers mansions of divers      #
chanons
of the clos longyng to the said Dean and Chapitre; the whiche   #
lane
is ceverall grounde of the saide Mayer and Comminalte and       #
parcell
of theire fe ferme and wey to the towne wallis for the repair   #
of tham;
yn to whiche lane oghte no dore ne yeate open w=t= oute         #
licence of
the Maier and Comminalte; the said Dean and Chapitre in the 
wallis of the saide mansions yn to the saide lane have made     #
divers
doris w=t= owte licence of the said Maier and Comminalte, by    #
the
whiche doris by the said Chanons dwellyng yn he said mansions   #
by
commaundement of +t=e= said Dean and Chapitre is caryed oute so
moche erthe robill and donge and other fylthis of theire        #
places that
the sayde wey ys dytte, that no man ther yn may well ride ne go
ne lede cariage to the wallis, to grete hurte and hyndryng to   #
the
saide Mayer and Comminalte: and also yn the saide lane was a    #
grete
comyn gutto=r= lyyng deepe underneth a long thurgh the lane     #
almost
to the lane ende and then turned thurte westward thurghe the
mansion of the Archidiacon of Cornewaill to theire grete comyn
gutto=r= liyng yn +t=e= saide Fissh strete havyng issu thurghe  #
the towne
wallis; the whiche gutto=r= lyyng thurgh the saide lane         #
ordeyned
for to defende reyne water and other of Strike stret and of     #
many other
divers placis and mansions grete part of the said cite; the     #
whiche
gutto=r= goyng thurgh the Archidiacon of Cornewayll is mansion  #
as
hit is abovesaide first by one Maister John Gorewyll Maister    #
John
Waryn M=r= William Filham S=r= Richard Kelyer and other som     #
tyme
chanons of +t=e= said churche there dwellyng by commaundement   #
of
the Dean and Chapitre the saide gutto=r= hath be broke and for  #
ditte
and the stonys therof by tham take and bore away so that the    #
reyne
water and other of Strike strete and other places abovesaid     #
may noo
have his course as hit hath be wont to have to grete hurte and  #
noysaunce 
etc. 



<B CMTHORN>
<Q MX/4 IS HANDM THORN>
<N THORNTON MED>
<A X>
<C MX/4>
<O X>
<M 1420-1500>
<K X>
<D NO>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB MEDICINE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE 'LIBER DE DIVERSIS MEDICINIS'
IN THE THORNTON MANUSCRIPT (MS. LINCOLN
CATHEDRAL A.5.2.).
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 207.
ED. M. S. OGDEN.
LONDON, 1938.
PP. 6.9  - 13.37    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 67.1 - 73.40    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 6>
[}WODNES  TO MAKE HARE LIK GOLD  HERYNG DEFENES
WORMES SCHEPELOUSE  QWIK THYNG IN +TE ERE}]

   Tak his handis & bynde +tam bi-hynde hym faste.
+Tan take flour of affadill & do it in his righte hande & his
bandes sall bryste. Or gif it hym at drynke & he sall
passe owt[{e{] of +te euyll faire & wele.
   Tak epworte & grynde it smalle & schafe his hede &
laye it appon +te schedde of his hede all +te nyghte.
   Tak aueroyne, marygolde & sawge & stamp it &
temper it vp with wyne & drynke it fyve dayes.
   Take +te jeuse of walworte, hony & salt & swyn grese
and boyle +tam ouer +te fire til it be thikke & do a littill
encense +ter-in and anoynte his heued +ter-with ofte &
he sal mende.
   Tak +te grene bowes of an asche & bryne +tam & kepe
+te jeuse +tat commes owte at +te endis, a negschel full,
and +te jeuse of senegrene, twa egschelfull, of hony an
eg-schelfull, of oyle of olyue a neg-schelfull, of +te woyse
of +te pore leeke heued with +te faces +ter-of, a               #
neg-schelfull,
& menge +tam to-gedir & helle +ter-of in +te hale 
here & lay +te on +te to+ter syde at slepe & +te sall mende
with schort tymm, & +tu vse it.
   Tak +te jeuse of rewe & +te jeuse of moure egges & do
in +ti nere.
   Tak henne grese & +te jeuse of [{gre{]ne wormode with
oyl & do in +ti nere.
   Tak +te galle of a wedir with +te vryn or +te mylke of a
woman mengid to-gedir & do it in thi nere.
   (\Secundum Magistrum William de Excestre:\) Tak
lorell leues, sedes of cermoyntayne, comyn, annys and
<P 7>
caruy, of ilkan ylike porcyon, and welle +tam wele in faire
water &, when +tay are wele wellide, take and do +tat
water in a clene vesselle & do of +tat water in +te ere &
he sal here wele with-in scorte tymm.
   Take +te +gerdis of hawthorne & kepe +te jeuse +tat
comes fro +te +gerdis endis & menge oyle +ter-with & putt
it in +te hale ere & lay +te one +te to+ter ere. (\Sepe
probatum est per diuersos.\)
   Take +te fattnes of a blake ele & +te jeuse of synegrene,
elike porcyon, & putt it ofte in +te hale ere & lay +te on
+te to+ter.
   Tak +te jeuse of (\mentastrum\) & vynacre & mak it
lewke & do it in +ti nere & it dose +te same.
   Tak sperwort & stampe it & droppe +te jeuse lewke
in +te ere & it sall sla it or gare it come owte qwyke.
 
[}WORMES  SCHEPELOUSE  QWIK THYNGE IN +TE ERE
KYLES IN ERES  SARE EGHNE}]  

   Take +te jeuse of mynt & mak it lewke & do it in +te
eres.
   Or take +te jeuse of fenelle lewke & do it in +te eres &
it sall sla +tam.
   Tak of rewe a grete qwantite & sawge halfe als mekill
& rose maryn +te same quanttitee & stamp +tam & wrynge
owte +te jeuse & poure it in +te ere thre tymes, for +tis
es oft prouede.
   If a schepe louse or any o+ter qwik thynge be cropyn
in-to thyn ere, tak +te jeuse of rewe or of wormod or of
horshoue & do in +te ere & it sall sla it.
   Tak grene +gerdis of esche & lay +tam ouer a brandrethe
& make a fire vnder +tam & kepe +te woyse +tat comes owt
at +te endis in egges schelles & tak hony & do to +tat
woyse & do it in his ere & lat hym ly doun & slepe & do
swa thre dayes, ilk a day twyse or thryse, bot do it
firste in +te hale anes or twys, in auentour if +ter be
oughte qwike in it. & it will sone crepe owte.
   Tak a hate hauyre cake & lay it down & lay thyn ere
+ter-on als hate als +tu thole it &, if +ter be schepe louse
or any o+ter qwik thynge in it, it sall sone crepe owte.
<P 8>
   Tak wormode & women mylke with +te jeuse of grene
colyandre & do it in thyn eres.
   Tak a childes [{vryn{] & make it lewke with wyne
& do it in thyn eres & it dryes +te humours & fordose
werke & heles wonderfully.
   An o+ter: Take +te galle of a schepe with womans
mylke & do it in thyn ere.
   Tak wormod or harofe or wodebynde & stampe it &
wrynge owt +te jeuse & do it lewke in thyn ere.
   Tak +te merghe of a fresche calfe & braye it & do it in
thyn ere.
   Tak a rede cale lefe & anoynte it with +te white of an
egge & lay it to +te eghe, when +tu gase to bedde, & late
it lygge to +te morne & do it ofte, for it is proued for gude
medcyn.
   To make +te clere syghte: Ete ofte & drynke ofte
puliolle rialle & fenkell sedis.
   Drynke ofte ewefrase, for it helpis ofte souereynly +te
syghte.
   Tak white gynger & rub it on a whetstane or on a
basyn & tak als mekill salte as +tu hase powdir & stampe
+tam & grynde +tam wele to-gedir & temper +tam with
white wyne & late it stande in +tat bacyne a daye & a
nyghte & do +tan +tat o+ter +tat standis abouen in a ampull
of glase or coper & anoynte 

[}EGHNE  SARE EGHNE}]

thyn eghne +ter-with a littill when +tu gase to +ti bedde
with a fethir & do so ofte & dowteles +tu sall be hale.
   Take +te woyse of hondestonge or of centorye or of
solsekill and do +te woyse in thyn eghne & it sal helpe
+te wele.
   Tak pympernoll & stampe it & take +te jeuse +ter-of &
do +ter-to +te grese of +te allerone of +te gose wenge &
drope it in thyn eghne.
   For hurte eghne: Tak +te jeuse of egremone stamped
<P 9>
& egge whitt & menge +tam to-gedir & take cotom &
wete +ter-in & lay it to +te sare eghe to it be hale.
   Late +te blode +te vij daye of Maye on +te righte arme,
+te laste day of Aueryll on +te lefte arme.
   Stampe +te leues of white thornes & do +te jeuse +ter-of
in thyn eghe.
   Take Maye buttre & hony & +te white of an egge &
menge to-gedir and anoynte thyn eghne with all.
   Take wodbynde, rib and waybrede & stampe +tam wele
& smalle & take a gude porcyon of fresche May buttre
& sethe +tam to-gedir wele to +tay be wele wellede, +tan
wrynge +tam thorow a clene clathe & do it in thi boystes
& ilk a nyghte take +te montenance of a fiche & do it in
thyn eghne by-fore +tu laye the doune & it sall mend
the.
   Take waybrede & bayneworte & powdir of gynger, a
porcyon, & powdir of alom glase, als mekil porcion als
of thise, & make water for thyn eghne of +tam.
   Tak powdir of alom glase & temper it with womans
mylke +tat hase a knaue childe & do it in thyn eghne.
   Take rose floures and fenkell & filage, pympernolle,
celidone, ewfrace. Stampe +tam & temper +tam al
sammen with hony & +te grese of +te blake snyles & +te
whitt of an egge & anoynte thyn eghne +ter-with.
   Tak arenement, hony and +te white of an egge, of
ilkan elike mekill, & temper +tam to-gedir & tak herdes
& wete +tam in water & wrynge it owte & do +tir thynges
one +te herdes as a playster &, if euyll blode or whettour
be +tare, it sall drawe it owte.
   Tak calamynt & bryne it in +te fire till +tat it glowe &
sloken it in white wyne & efte bryn it & efte sloken it and
do so ix tymes. +Tan may +tu halde it alle +te +gere &,
when 
    
[}SARE EGHNE  COLORYE  AN OYNEMENT}]

+tu hase to do +ter-with, tak als littill als a bene & grynde
it wele appon a borde & temper it vpe with an egge schelle
ful of white wyne & late it sattill and wete a fethir in
+te clere abouuen, & +tan wasche thyn eghne +ter-with,
when +tu gose to bedde, & do so thre nyghtis & withowtten
<P 10>
faile it sall slaa +te wormes & clense +te eghne of
many euylles, what so euyll es in +tam.
   Tak salte & bryn it & do hony +ter-too & temper it
to-gedir & doo it in thyn eghne.
   And after all medcyns for eghne, wasche thyn eghne 
with water +tat fenell is sothen in.
   Tak tormentill, rewe, celidon, fenell & ryb, & anoynte
thyn eghne with +te jeuse a littill, when +tu gase to +ti
bedde.
   Tak +te rede snyle +tat crepis houseles & sethe it in
water & gedir +te fatt +tat comes of +tam & anoynte thyn
eghne ther-with or bryn it to powdere on iren or in a pott
scarthe & do a littill of +tat powdir to thyn eghne when
+tu gase to slepe.
   Tak a bacyn & scoure it wele & anoynte +te sydis wele
with-in with +te larde of a galte & on +te larde anoynte
it with hony +tat it gange ouer +te larde all abowte a
nynch. Tak +tan a newe pott full of pys & whelme +te
bacyn ouer +te pott & latte it stande thre dayes & thre
nyghtis. +Te fourte day take +te bacyn &, what +tu
fyndis +ter-in, do it of clene & gedir it in an ampull of
glas or in a cle vrynall & tak a littill & anoynte thyn
eghne +ter-with, when +tu gose to thi bedde. After this
medcyn, ne after non o+ter, wasche not thyn eghne bot 
with water +tat fenell is sothen in.
   Tak celidon & do it in hardes & sythen do it in hate
askes & late it sethe +ter-in & +tan draw it owte &
wrynge +te jeuse in a bacyn & do it in +te sonne to drye
and, when +tu hase to do +ter-with, tak a littill +ter-of
& distemper it with ayselle & do a littill in thyn eghne
+ter-of.
   Tak vetoyne & stampe it with water & drynke it ix
dayes & it sall dryfe a-waye all +te wikkede humours of
+te heued & of +te eghne.
   Tak May buttre & comyn & stampe +tam samen &
laye it on lyne & +tan laye it on +te eghe & ofte anewe it
and, when +te bolnynge es swagede, +tan tak safron &
womans mylke +tat fedis a knaue childe, if it be to a man,
& grynde +tam & droppe in +te sare eghne.
<P 11>
   Tak +te blode of swalow birdis & anoynte thyn eghne
+ter-with & euer mare +tay sall be +te bryghttere.
   Tak strange vynegre or aysell & do it in a vessell of
bras, & +te blak slaes of +te wode & wormode do +ter-with
& lat it stand langer couerde and, when nede es, take it
to thyn eghne & it sall brek +te web & do a-way +te euyll.
   Tak ewfrace, a gude porcion, & stampe it wele &
wrynge owte +te jewse thorow a clathe. +Tan tak galte
grese & als mekill of gose grese & als mekill of henne
grese & menge it to-gedir in a panne of bras or in a pott
of bras & do +te jewse +ter-to & boyle it wele & stir +te
bothome with a rownde staffe & lat it kele & do it in
boystes &, when +tu hase nede, do it in thyn eghne a
littill, when +tu gase to slepe, to +tu be hale.
   Tak comyn, pepir, hempsede, of rewe sede, of fenell
sede, of ache +tat growes ouer yven, & sal maritimum,
of ilkan ylike mekill, & stamp +tam all to powdir & do
in thyn eghne +ter-of when +tou gase to thi bedde.
   Tak bawme & +te jeuse of ewe & hony, of ilkan elyke
mekill, & coyle +tam thorowe a clathe & do it in a fyall
of glase & with a fethir do it in thyn eghne.
   Tak +te jeuse of rede wortes & of hesill, elike mekill,
& do in a pot of bras & couer it wele & sett it in +te erthe
ix dayes & +tan do it in thyn eghne.
   Tak powdir of brynte pepir & do it in thyn eghne.
   Tak +te galle of an hare & twa sa mekill hony &
temper it to-gedir & anoynte thyn eghne.
   Ypocras sayse +tat their thynges will gare a man see
+te sternes abowte myddaye, +tat is, +te galle of a hare,
+te galle of a coke, +te galle of an owle & a littill jewse of
fenell & aloe cicotrine +tat suffice & camfire, & mak
colore.

(\Feniculus, veruena, rosa, celidonia, ruta,
Si pimpernela ditis ewfrasia iuncta,
Ex istis fit aqua que reddat lumina acuta.\)

   Tak powdir of aloes & do +ter-in a littill. Bot firste
wasche it with whit wyne.
   Tak leues of henebayne sothen in wyne & bray +tam
& laye +tam ther-to.
<P 12>
   Tak mynt & grynde it & lay +ter-to.
   Tak +te galle of an ele & temper it with hony & do it
in +tin eghne. 
  
[}SARE EGHNE  SCHEPE LOUSE}]

   Tak  +te rute of fenkell & vetoyne & sethe +tam in water
& wasche thyn eghne +ter-with.
   Tak daysies & +te whitt of an egge & braye +tam & do
it in thyn eghne.
   Tak ewfrase & stampe it in grese of a gose or of a henne
& frye ewfrase & do in a vessell & anoynte thyn eghne.
   Or tak +te sede of centory & ett it fastande & +tou sall
mow at +te nonne to see +te sternes.
   Tak ewfrase & glair ana, [{&{] wete thorgh a lyn clathe
& lay it on thyn eghne all nyghte, for it wil draw owt
wikkide homours.
   Tak +te jewse of tansay or of vetoyne, & wryng thorow
a clathe & do +ter-of in thyn eghne.
   Tak a bryghte bacyn and anoynte it with mylke
[{&{] reme, & whelm it ouer a preue iij dayes & sythen
clens it & anoynt thyn eghne +ter-with.
   Tak pepir and bryn it in a clout & stamp it al to
powdir & blende it with the merghe of a gose wenge &
do +ter-of in thyn eghene.
   Tak pure glare of an egge & hony & arnement wele
grownden & te[{m{]pered to-gedir & do to thyn eghne
with hardes or lyne.
   Tak +te jewse of egremon with +te whitt of an egge &
blende to-gedir wele & laye to thyn eghne with cotome
or clathe.
   Tak +te rotes of fenell, vetoyne & yven terrestre, &
sethe +tam wele in water & do hony in +ter-to & sythen
coyl it thorow a clathe & anoynte thyn eghne +ter-with.
   Tak ewfrase, pympernoll, veruayne, rede fenell, euen
porcyon, & halfe +te porcion of rew & celidon, & braye
+tam wele in a mortere & welle +tam wele with May
buttre clarifiede & do +tam in an erthe pott & couer
+tam wele & late +tam rote to +tay be white harede. +Tan
<P 13>
do +tat to +te fire & boile it wele & afterwardes drawe
it owte thurgh a clathe clene or a canvase & +tan do it to
+te fire to it be wele claryfied & +tan do it in boystes.
When +tou hase nede to do +ter-with, do it in thyn eghne
the montenance of a perle at morne & as mekill at
euen.
   Take +te jewse of rewe or of wormode or of horshoue
& do in +te ere & it sall slaa it.
   Tak +te grene +gerdis of asche & ley +tam ouer a brandreth
& mak a fire vnder theym & kepe +te wose +tat
rynnes 

[}SCHEPE-LOUSE  EVYLL IN +TE MOUTHE  HASENESSE   TO
SYNG HYE  CLERE VOYCE}]

owte at the endes in egge schelles & tak hony & do to
+tat wose & do in his ere & late hym ly downn & slepe &
do swa thre dayes ilk a day twyse or thrise. Bot do
firste in +te hale here anes or twise, in awntour if +ter
be oughte qwike in it, & it wil crepe out.
   Tak a hate hauyr cake & lay it down & lay thyn ere
+ter one als ha[{t{]e als +tu thole it &, if +ter be any        #
schepelouse
or any qwikke thynge, it sal sone crepe out.
   Tak pentafoyloyn, (\id est\) quintfoyle, & welle it wele in
water &, when it es wele welled, halde thi mouthe ouer
+te posenett & stewe +te wele. +Tan take & soupe of +tat
lewke water & halde it in thi mouthe to +tat it be kelide &
+tan caste it owte & +tan soupe mare & +te thirde tyme do
righte swa & vse this thre dayes & +tu sal hafe helpe
+ter-of.
   Tak salte, comyn & pepir, of ilkan ilike mekill, & mak
of +tam a powdir & gyff hym to drynke in a sponefull
of hate water. This medcyne is profitable, for it is ofte
tymms prouede.
   Tak stalworthe ayselle in a vesselle of bras & jewse of
ake appills & do +tam alle to-gedir & late +tam stande
lange wele couerde &, when sal be at nyghte, when +te
seke sall ga to bedde, +tan do it in his eghne & it sall
for-do +te perle & breke +te strynge of +te eghn. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 67>
[}SAUE}]

   [{He{]re may +tu lere for to make Saue, the wilk es a
gude drynke & ane oynment for +te woundis or +te hurtes
with-in & with-owtten of +te body of man or woman &
it es called Saue. And +te firste by-houes +te to gedir
theis herbis +tat are here wretyn: burnette, betoyne,
pympernolle, dauk, morsus diaboli, tormentill, crois,
bugill, pigill, sinagle, herbe Robert, herb John, herb
Wauter, herb yue, cosoud maior, cosoud milnen, consoud
petit, crope de cambre, fenell with +te sede rouge, cholet,
waranc, mader, spourge, fawethistill, samson, gronswalle,
melice, egrymoyn, cheuerfoille, (\id est\) wodrofe, violet,
playntayne, (\id est\) waybred, launcelle, (\id est\) ryb,      #
peluette,
(\id est\) moushere, vesche, floures de genest, (\id est\)      #
brome,
herb saunce crop, ache petit, auance, crop de rouge
runcebrere, lange de cheyn, cynkfoil, milfoil, rouge vrtice,
(\id est\) nettill rede, flosere, (\id est\) strabery wyes,     #
tansay,
(\id est\) philoga, osmonde. Of all thies herbes tak euen
porcion out-tane of madir and of auance, for of +te mader
tak als mekill weghte as of twa o+ter bi-fore neuenned.
& stamp +tam wele &, when +tay are wele stamped, late
+tam riste in a vessell of tre +te space of ten dayes and,
after +te x daye es passed, do to thies herbis +te doubill
weghte of fresche buttre of Maye & +tan sethe +tam ouer
+te fire & late +tam swa sethe to-gedir to +te buttre be halfe
wastede. +Tan all warme coille +te confeccion swa
boillede thurgh a canvace & afterwarde late it kele &
sithen clence it wele with calde water to it be clere
clensede & +tan afterwarde tak a galon of gude whitte
wyn & a porcyon of gude vynagre & do +tam ouer fire in
a clene vesselle & do +ter-in +te coylett wele weschyn &
sethe +tam to-gedir to +te wyn & +te vynagre be nere
wastede & +tan tak +tam down of +te fire & suffre +tam to
kele & sythen gedir vp +tat +tat fletis a-bown & put it in
boystes for to safe & gyfe +ter-of to wonded men +tat hase
wondis depe & standyng in wondis & bolnynge in wondis
& with +tis sal +tu safely hele +tam. & gyff +tam at drynk
+ter-of arely at +te morne & late at euen of +te grettnes of
a mousfiche. 
<P 68>
   Medcyn +tat is called (\Gratia Dei\) , +tat is made on +tis
manere: Tak litarge iiij vnces, ceruse iij vnces, roste of a
belle of bras ij vnces of vertgres ij vnces, of sarcocol iiij
vnces, of mastik, galbanum, ammoniak, of ilkane iiij
vnces, with encence iij vnces, of bedellium halfe ane
vnce, of pik greke, pik nauill, of +tam ij vnces. All this
bi-fore be graythede & boylled in a ponde of oyle de olyue
till +tay wax blake & sythen keped wele. This emplaster
clenses wondis and sowdis +tam to-gedir & dose owte
dede flesche & newe flesche gars grewe. It is a gud
heler for brynnand werkes, wondis & kiles, whare so
bee.
   Tak wax, rosen, turbentyn, of ilkan a pounde, of
mastik iij vnces, betoyn, of pympernolle, of veruayn, of
ilkan a quartron. +Tan stampe thies herbis wele & sethe
+tam wele in ij galouns of white wynne or rede vn-to +te
thirde party. Afterwarde coyle +tam thorow & saue wele
+te coylett fra filthe. +Tan take +ti rosen & thi wax &
resolue wele in a clene dowble vessell ouer +te fire & coyl
+tam thorow a clathe & caste +tan +tat coylett of gummes
to +te coylett of wyne & of gresses & sethe +tam to-gedir
vn-to +te wastyng of +te wyne. Aftirwarde tak +tat ilk
confeccion saa sothen & do it in a doubill vessell ouer +te
fire & do +te mastik pouder +ter-in to +te mastik be resoluede
& sythen afterwarde +ti turbentyn & moue it sotely til it
be resolued &, as swithe so it be resoluede, tak +te confeccion
of +te fire smertly  with-owtten duellynge and
poure it thurgh a clathe & suffre it to refraide & +tan
gedir vpe with clene handis, anoynte with oyle de olyue
& safe +ti enplaster wele, for it is gude till alde wondis &
to newe & to synows coruen and bristen and till junttours,
to hewen flesche, to dede flesche in wondis & till apostymms,
of alkyn maner of kankir, festre, venyme & for helle
fire, for +te emeraudes & for brokes. +Tis enplaster, it
wirkes, it heles, it drawes and helis mare with-in woke
+tan all o+ter enplasters dose with-in a monethe.
   Tak camamyle, wormot, mellilotum.
   Tak brance vrcyne, wilde malue.
   Tak ysop, germander, smalach, percell.
<P 69>
   Tak wilde sauge, fymter, woraunce.
   Tak mynt, borage, cicory, flour of oxtonge, +tat is longe
de beefe.
   [{H{]ere bygynnes +te maner to mak salues & entretis &
drynkes & cyroyns to wondis & to all o+ter hurtes of mans
body and +te firste for wounde in +te heuede: Tak
betoyne & stampe it with alde gres & fry +tam to-gedir &
sythen draw it thurgh a clathe & do it appon lyn & lay it
on +te wonde & ilk a third daye lay +te white of an egge
+ter-on & he sall waresche sone.
   Tak wormot & stayncroppe ana, & bray +tam & boyl
+tam in vynagre & do +ter-to whete branne & lay to +te
sare.
   Tak pugill, bugill, herb Robert, auance, red cale, tansay,
hemp croppes ana, & tak of madir als mekill as of all +te
o+ter herbis, & do +ter-to ambros, burnet & +te crispe
malue &, if +ter be bane broken & +tu dare noghte serche it
+git, gyf hym +tis to drynke: Tak the wort tansay, hemp
croppes, horse mynt, rede nettill, brere croppes & als
mekill mader as of all +te o+ter herbes. Stamp +tam
samen & sethe +tam in white wyne & gyf it hym at drynk
&, if it come owte at +te wounde & he caste nott, +tan it is
a takyn +tat he sal lyfe. +Tan gare serche +te wonde &
schaue +te broken banes qwayntely +tat +tu tame nott +te
tay of +te harnnes &, if it blede faste, wipe softely with
softe lyne & syne tak softe lyne & wympill to-gedir & lay
it ouer +te wonde & tak whete flour wele boltede & strewe
on +te clowte +tat lygges on +te wonde. & after +tat late a
woman +tat fedis a knafe childe, if it be a man +tat is
woundide, mylke hir pappes softely on +te mele +tat is
strewed on +te cloute +ter-on & strewe it with flour, as +tu
dide +te to+ter, & of +te mylk till it be euen with +te         #
flesche,
& hille +te heuede & late it be stille til on +te morn. +Tan
vnhill +te hede softely &, if +tu fynde +ter-aboun as it were
a burbill +tat standes on +te water when it raynnes, +tan is
it a sygne of dede &, if +tu see bi-fore his tay als it ware a
spynnande webbe or rede, +tat is taken +tat +te ryme of +te
hernes es broken & it is a sygne of hasty dede. &, if +ter
be many of thir sygnes, gyf hym ilk day twis at drynk,
<P 70>
anes at morne, ano+ter tym at euen, +tis drynk. Gars
broken banes come owte & clenses +te ryme of +te hernes
of blode & heles +te wonde, and, if it be swa broken +tat
men by-houes do +ter-in masere, late +tan wele rounge
+te broken of +te heuede als bi-fore it is said & sett +ter-in
a pese of maser & anoynt it with +tis oynement after
wretyn.
   Tak pulioll montane, baynwort, ambrose, rib, bubill,
seterib, celidoun, cheuerfoill, rede nettill, lekes, ache,
waybrede, morell, tansay, & betoyn, of ilkane ilike
mekill, & stamp +tam wele samen with swyne gres fresche
& fre rekills, a lytill hony, vyrgyn wax, &, when all thir
thynges ere wele stampede samen, do +tam in a clene
bacyne or in a pan & do +ter-to white wyn & +tan lat it 
stande all a daye & a nyghte & on +te morne do it vn-to
+te fire & sethe it wele & gyf it gude walmes. Syne tak
it doune and drawe it thorowe a clathe & do it vp &,
+ter-whils it is oghte sare, anoynt it +ter-with & it sall hele
full wele.
   Tak a handfull of malues and a handfull of wormot & a
handfull of mugwort, & stamp +tam samen full small, &
tak iiij vnces of +te flour of whete & iij vnces of hony &
rede wyn & tak iij vnces of galte gres & do +te hony in a
panne & scome it & do +ter-in +te gres & mak it to welle
hate & syne mak it in a playster & lay it alle warme on
+te heuede.
   Tak +te heuedis of lekes with alle +te fases & stampe +tam
& do +te woyse in +te wonde. & tak lyne & mak a tent &
wete it in +te woyse & putt it +ter-in. & tak +te substance
of +te lekes at +te jus was wrongen thurgh & lay it appon
& bynde it +ter-to. Do +tis plaster iij dayes to, bot
remowe it noghte bot ilk a daye anes, &, after +te iij day,
tak whete mele & gude wyn & do whitte sayme +ter-to
& welle wele to-gedir. +Tan tak a lyn clathe & do ij
falde or thre or a pece of white lethir & do +tin enplaster
+ter-on & lay it ouer +te wonde & do so ilk a daye and
gif hym at drynke thir iij gresses with a littill ale: pigill,
<P 71>
bugill & sanigle. &, when he hase dronken +tam, +tay
will come owt at +te wonde & clence it with-in & hele it
wele with-owtten.
   Tak larde & mak sayme +ter-of and tak hony & wyne &
rye mele & sethe +tam to-gedir & do +tam on a clathe &
lay it +ter-to & it sal clence it & hele it.
   Or tak centory & mak poudir +ter-of & strewe it on +te
wonde & it sal hele it.
   Or take +te jus of ache & +te whitte of an egge & +te
flour of whete & pouder of rekills ana, & menge +tam
to-gedir so +tat it be thik & do it one +te wonde & remewe
it ilk daye anes.
   Tak betoyn a handfull, comfory a handfull, madir,
baynwort a handfull, of hemp sede ij vnces. Stamp all
to-gedir wele & small. Tak +tan a quartron of white wyn
& a quartron of water & do all in a pott ouer +te fire &
sethe it into +te halfe & coyle it thrugh a clathe & drynk ilk
a day a mese at +te morne & at +te euen & lay a brere lefe
to +te wonde.
   Tak comfery, marygolde, matfelon, millfoile, auance,
+te white rute of +te walwort, baynworte, cerfoil, herb
Robert, ambrose, maro+gl, pelwet, rede dok, polipodi &
celidon ana, & of mader halfe +te weghte of all +tir o+ter
herbis. Sethe +tam in ale or in wyn & drynke +tam morne
& euen. Do as it es said by-fore.
   Tak +te rede nettill, rede cale, pympernoll, cerfoill,
mynt, porret, tansay, aueroyn, bugill, sanigle, waraunce.
Now here bene +te wertus of thies herbes: +Te nettill &
+te rede cale suffers noghte +te wonde hele. Of thies
herbes tak a pounde. Mynt & porret, +tat swages werke
in wondes. +Ter-of tak halfe a pounde. Bugill & sanegle
haldes +te wondes fra perell. +Ter-of tak a pound.
Pympernolle, cerfoill & waraunce ledis +te drynke in-to
+te wounde. Of +tam tak halfe als mekill als of all
+te to+ter herbes. +Tan stampe +tam in a mortere & mak
smalle balles of thaym, of +te mekilnes of a doufe egge,
& do +tam vp to drye fra +te wynde & +te sonne.
<P 72>
   Tak auance, tansay, egrymoyn, hemp croppes, ony+gone
sede, rede cale croppes, ambros, matfelon & als mekill
mader as of thre of theis o+ter herbes, & stamp +tam to-gedir
& drynke +tam.
   Tak auance, comfery, +garow, croppes of hempe,
tansay, rede cale, aueroyn, & mader als mekill as halfe
thies o+ter herbes, and syne stamp +tam & mak +tam in
balles & do +tam vp to drye.
   Tak waybrede, rib, violett, auances, cropp of +te rede
brere, matfelon, herb Robert, tansay, betoyn, milfoille,
comfery, baynewort, of ilkane ilike mekill, & of +te rote
of mader agayn all thies o+ter herbes. Stampe +tam all
& mak pelottes of +tam & dry +tam in the sonne or in +te
wynde & drynk +tam in wynnter.
   Tak a pound of virgyn wax, a pounde of olibanum, a 
pounde of encruce of +te ere, a pound of ditayne, a pound
of playntayn, a pound of jubarbe, a pound of littill
consoude, a pound of milfoille & a pound of watercresses.
Tak thies gresses & stampe +tam ilkan by hy[{m{]
ane & temper +tam with wyn & late +tam rest a nyghte &
on +te morn do +tam in a pott ouer +te fire & late +tam
welle wele & syne tak it doun & drawe it thorow a clene
clathe.
   Tak herb John, herb Robert, bugill, pigill, milfoille,
consoude, playntayne, auance, of all thies herbis tak
+te jus, & wax & pik & a littill gres, & mak syroyn. To
all kyles & wondis it is gude.
   Tak +te firste iij dayes & lay +ter-to noghte bot lyne
& +te white of an egge & chaunge it morne & euen. 
& +tan tak ix stalkes of gronswale with +te rotes & v of
spourge with +te rutes & als many croppes of +te rede
brere, & stampe all wele to-gedir with a sawcerfull of
hony, +tan wrynge owte all +te jus thurgh a clene clathe
& do it in a clene pane ouer +te fire & boile it a whalme.
& +tan tak it doun & stop +ter-in iij dices of whete brede
& gif hym thase thre at euen, when he gase to his bedde.
& do so with ilk a sirope & brede viij dayes or ix. And
when +tu sees +tat +te wounde es wele rotyn & whelis
whitoure faire, tak +tan iij stalkes of gronswalle & v of
<P 73>
spourge & fyue of brere croppe & stamp +tam & mak thi
syrope als +tu dide bi-fore & dice it with brede stoppede
+ter-in morne till +tat it be hale & lay not to +te wonde
bot firste smalle lyn +ter-on & a brere leffe +ter-on abouen 
or a rede cale lefe & luk ay +tat he ette no gowttous
mettes.
   He +tat will mak littill syrone, tak gud fresche schepe
talghe, virgyn wax, pik nauale, galbanum. Gare +tam
boyle welle & styrre +tam softely & do a littill wyn
+ter-in. Syne tak mirre & olibanum and powdir of
mastike & do +te foresaid thynges +ter-in & lat +tam boile
wele, bot luk +tat +tay be wele stirrede. +Tis syroyn is
ful gude.
   Tak a handfull of savyn & a handfull of sauge & a
handfull of rewe & a handfull of tansay, & stamp +tam
wele to-gedir & sethe +tam wele in oyle of olyue & do
wax & swyn grese +ter-to fresche & powder of mastik
& do all to-gedir & mak ane oynement +ter-of.
   Tak celydoyn rotes & of gouke flores with +te leues,
centrum galli, wild louache, of ilkan a handefull, scabius,
a handfull. Thies herbis stampe wele with a pounde of
schepe talghe & a pounde of olyue &, when +tay are wele
stampede, do +tam to-gedir & lat +tam riste vij dayes or
viij & syne sethe +tam in a vesselle ouer +te fire to +te
gresses falle to +te grounde & syne coyle +tam thorow a
clathe & do +tat ilk coylett in a caldron & do +ter-to iij
vnces of wax in somer, in wynter ij vnces, &, when all
es molten, caste in-to +tam pouder of olybane, mastik &
vertgrese & of ilkane halfe ane vnce. Bot, or +tu do in
the vertgres, proue +tam halfe to-gedir & loke if +tay
change colour so +tat it wax grene. Do it fra +te fire &
caste +ter-in an vnce of aloen epatik pouderd & in oyle
resolued & menge al togedir. +Tis oynement is gud for 
all wondis & to gedir new flesche, & fordose dede
flesche.
   Tak galt gres, hony, & oyle of nuttes, & do +ter-to +te
jus of chesseboll croppes grene with all +te sede & +te
jus of rew & waybrede. Sethe wele +te jewses of thiese
herbis all samen & mak thi salfe wele +ter-of & syne coyle
it & do it in boystes. 



<B CMREYNES>
<Q M4 IS HANDO REYNES>
<N COMMONPLACE BOOK>
<A REYNES ROBERT>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^REYNES, ROBERT.
THE COMMONPLACE BOOK OF ROBERT REYNES
OF ACLE. AN EDITION OF TANNER MS 407.
GARLAND MEDIEVAL TEXTS, 1.
ED. C. LOUIS.
NEW YORK AND LONDON: GARLAND
PUBLISHING, INC., 1980. 
PP. 136.343 - 138.402    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 143.1   - 144.25     (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 145.1   - 146.16     (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 154.1   - 162.18     (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 165.1   - 167.8      (SAMPLE 5)
PP. 169.1   - 173.54     (SAMPLE 6)
PP. 174.1   - 175.7      (SAMPLE 7)
PP. 194.1   - 195.22     (SAMPLE 8)
PP. 237.1   - 238.33     (SAMPLE 9)
PP. 240.1   - 242.35     (SAMPLE 10)
PP. 243.1   - 245.32     (SAMPLE 11)
P.  247.1   - 247.21     (SAMPLE 12)
PP. 255.1   - 256.13     (SAMPLE 13)
PP. 260.1   - 262.35     (SAMPLE 14)
PP. 264.1   - 268.93     (SAMPLE 15)
PP. 289.1   - 295.13     (SAMPLE 16)
P.  307.1   - 307.14     (SAMPLE 17)
PP. 312.1   - 314.45     (SAMPLE 18)
PP. 315.1   - 320.12     (SAMPLE 19)
PP. 322.1   - 323.15     (SAMPLE 20)
PP. 327.77  - 328.111    (SAMPLE 21)
PP. 329.132 - 330.151    (SAMPLE 22)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 121>
[} [\1\] }]

[} (\STATUTUM PANIS ET SERUISIE\) }]

<P 136>
   If the baker lakke an vnce in the wyght of a
ferthyng loff, he be amercyed at xx d. And if he lakke
an vnce (\et dimidium\) , he to be amercyed at ii s. in alle
maner of bred so lakkyng. And if he lakke past ii s.,
he mote haue iugement to the pelory. This is the 
statute of our lord the King.

[}ASSYSE OF BRED}]

   It is for to haue in mynde +tat +te assyse of
bed shall be taken after +te myddes prys of whete and
neyther of the best ne of +te worst, and +tat +te wyte
schall not be chaunged but at vi d. incresynge of sale
of a quarter of whete or disencresynge. And if the
baxster be founde fauty in +te wy+gt of a ferthyng loof
by ii s. vi d., or within +tat defaut in wy+gt, he is
amercyable in +tat defaute. And if he passe, he is
nou+gt amercyable but shall haue iugement of +te pilory
and nou+gt +geuyn for gold ne syluer. Or if he haue be
fondyn ii fauty in brekyn +te assyse, he mote haue
<P 137>
iugement withowte fyn for sesyng etc. And euery baxster
mote haue his propre sygne on euery manere of his bred.
And euery baxster in kepyng treuly +te assyse aforseyd,
as it [{is{] provyd be +te baxster of our lord +te Kyng,
may wynne in euery quarter of whete bakyng iii d. and
the bran and iii loues +te price of iii d. to the fornage,
and i d. ob. to iii seruantis heyre, and ob. to ii
knauis hyre, and ob. to salt and bulter. And Breton
seith +tat if the baxster be ateynt of fals wy+gt of a
ferthyng fonden in the wy+gt of ii s., in +tat cas he
is amercyable. And in euery faut that he is founde
passynge a ferthyng wy+gt in +te wy+gt of ii s., he is
nout+g amercyable but mote haue iuyse etc.

[}ASSYSE OF ALE}]

   It is to wete +tat whan a quarter of whete is
solde for iii s. or for xl d., and barly for xx d. or
for ii s., and otys for xvi d., +tan may well the 
breweres selle in citie and burgh ii galounys of good
and conable ale to drynk for i d., and withowte citie or
burgh, vplond iiii galounys for i d. And the assyse of
ale ne sale shall no+gt be chaunged but in encresyng or
<P 138>
dysencresynge xii d. in a quarter of corn. And wyll +ge
wete in kepyng the assyse of ale aboueseyd alle costages
and repryses of brewars acounted and alowed well and
largely, +tei may in a quarter of malt bruyng gete iiii d.
and all the +gyst, dreggys and draff as it is prouyd in
the brewhous of our lord +te Kynge by alle the places of
Ynglond in tyme of his antecessours. And +tat [{+tis{]
assyse of our lord +te Kyng be generally by all Ynglond
proclamyd, +te Kyng comaundyth.
   And if +te brewster be comytted +tat he [{halt{]
no+gt this assyse, ffirst he mote be amercyed aftyr
+te quantyte of +te trespase. If he trespase no+gt
greuously and if he haue or wyll no+gt be iustyfyed,
he mote haue the dome by an holl our of +te day in
tyme of market most plener, +tat is to wete +te baker
on +te pylory, +te brewster on +te trubechet. And +tat
by +te centense +gouen of +te Reuerent Ffadyr Stephyn,
sumtyme Archebysshoppe of Caunterbury. Item, wyte +ge
+tat +te brewster shall not encrese or dysencrese +te
assyse of ale in xii d. hyeng or lowyng in the price
of a quarter of malt but a ferthyng etc.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 143>
[} [\8\] }]
[} (\AD FACIENDUM IUSIURANDUM AD INQUISITIONEM\) }]

   "+Ge scholn soth seyn of alle maner articules
+tat schal be put to +gow here of +te Kyngis behalfe
and trewe verdite make. And +ge schall nothyng seyne
for euyl wyll ne enmyte of no maner person, ne +ge
schul nothyng consele ne hyde for no frensheppe ne
kynrede, but trewlyche seyn, and kepe trewly the Kyngis
counsell and +gour owen and +gour felas. And +tat +ge
schulln thus don, so God +gow helpe and Holydom." (\Et
osculantur librum.\)
   (\De iuratoribus inter partes et partes: ponantur
manus super librum, dicat senescallus:\) "Of (how many)
articules +ge schulne soth seyn +tat here schall be put
to +gow bytwyxe partye and partye, that is for to seyn
<P 144>
Thomas atte Style and Symme Grubbe, weche ple schal
be rehersyd aforn +gow. [^TO PRESERVE THE SENSE, THE EDITOR     #
WOULD OMIT THE FOLLOWING WORDS IN PARENTHESES^] (And +ge schull #
for frensheppe
ne for procurement ne mede on neyther partye) And
+ge schull nothyng seyn for euyl wyle ne nothyng fauore
for frensheppe ne for mede. And +ge schulne don so
helpe +gow God and Holydom."
   (\Postea [{legatur{] placitum et in fine dicat
sic:\) "And if he be detour to hym as he beryth hym on 
hande or in partye lesse or more, +gif hym his dette
and awarde for his dampniage. And +gif he be nouth
gylty, aqwyte hym."

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 145>
[} [\10\] }]
[} [\THE MANNER OF DOING HOMAGE AND FEALTY\] }]

[}HOMAGE}]

   Whan a freman schall do his homage to his
chef lord +tat he halt of his chef tenement, he schal
holden his handys togedyr betwyx his lordis handis,
knelyng, he schall this seyn: "I become +gour man fro
+tis day forward and feyth bere to +gow for +tat tenement
+tat I cleyme to helde of +gow, sauyng the fewte
wyche I owe to our lord the Kyng and o+ter lordesheppes."

[}FFEWTE}]

   Whan a freman schal do fewte to his lord, he
<P 146>
schal ley his ryght hand on the boke and seyn thus:
"Here +ge, my lord N., +tat T. de C. schal be to +gow
trust and trewe and feyth bere to +gow of +te tenement
qwiche I cleyme holde of +gow, and +tat lawefully I
schall do to +gow at terme assigned the lawful seruices
and customys, so God me helpe and Holydom."

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 154>
[} [\20\] }]
[} [\CHARGES TO PEACE OFFICERS\] }]

[}CHARGE TO THE CONSTABELIS}]

   +Ge schul first pryncypaly take hede +tat +te
pees be kepte in +gour towne. And if ony man dystruble
or breke +te pees, +ge schall arest hym and brynge hym
to +te Kyngis preson as wel be day as nyght; item, 
<P 155>
alle nyght-walkerys withowte cause resonable and
ryetous persones, and brynge hem to +te Kyngis preson.
And alle comon tenys pleyeris, hasardoures, vacabundys,
dyes pleyeris and tho persones +tat vse suspecyous
placis, take hem and bryng hem to +te Kyngis preson.
And if +ge be no+gt myghty to make +tis areste, +ge schall
compleyn vnto +gour cheff constabelys of +gour hundred,
or ellys to a iustyse of the pees, for to strenghte
+gow to take and bryng them to preson, alle suche rebellyouns. 
   +Ge schall comaunde +to persones +tat schall
kepe watche in tyme of yeer to kepe ther oure before
+gow to reseyve ther charge be ix of +te clok at evyn
at +te ferthest, vpon peyn ordeynyd vpon +te same. And
of alle tho personys +tat make defaute at +te our of
ther watche, or kepe no+gt duly ther watche, or sende
ony persone +tat is not sufficiant ne able to watche or
withowte sufficiant wepon, +ge schall certyfye vp his
name.

[}CHARGE TO THE WATCHE}]

   +Ge schal +tis ny+gght folwyng, +tat is to seyn
from thys tyme vnto iii of the clok aftyr mydnyght, make
<P 156>
and kepe watche thrugh this towne withinne the boundys
of +gour watche. Alle hasardourys, ryetous persones and
o+ter persones suspecte founden in suspecyous placis,
and alle o+ter persones fowdyn walkyng in +gour toun
withowte causes resonable, +ge schal hem take and ledyn
them to your constablys, and they schall kepe them in
prison. If +ge seen ony candelyght or fyer-lyght, or
fele ony smell of ony fyer, +ge schal goodly withowte
noysyng commaunde +te persones of +te place wher ony
suche lygth or smel of fyer is, to ben war of +ter lygth
or +ter fyer. And if +ge sene or fyndyn ony fyer in ony
place wiche were not lyche to ben quenchyd withowte
gret helpe, +ge schall breke vp ther doris and reyse
the peple of +gour toun and do +gour parte to quenche
+tat fyer etc. And if +ge make ony departyng of your
felaschype, +tan haue a wetcheword be assent, be +te weche
+ge schall know whan +ge mete with ony persone, whe+ter he
be ony of +gour watche or non. And whan +ge walke
togedyr or on sondry, +ge schall make none noyse wherthurgh
+te dwelleris withinne +gour toun schuld ben
dystrobled or lettyd of ther rest, or +te nyght-walkeris
or +te ryetouris withinne +gour toun may knowe of +gour
<P 157>
comyng, and so for noyse-makyng skape awey to gret
schame of +te wetche and of hem +tat haue gouernauns
+terof for the tyme. In +tis wyse +ge schall +gow gouerne
and wysely behaue +gow, +tat no harme in +gour defaute be
done withinne +gour walke, as +ge wyll answer and aquyte
+gourself and vs a+gens our souerayn lord +te Kyng, whom
God save and kepe etc.

[} [\21\] }]
[} [\DIRECTIONS FOR BLOOD-LETTING\] }]

   Ysodor seyth be auctoryte of Ypocras +tat +ter
arn iii dayes +tat no man owyth to be lete blood. +Tat
is for to seyn, the vii day of +te [{calende{] of Apryl,
the fyrst day of August and the last day of Decembyr
etc.
   Her may a man knowyn in what monyth and what
houre of +te day is best bledyng for dyuers complexiouns.
In Marche, Apryl and May reynyth blood, and he arn hote
and moyst. In the monyth of Iune, Iule and August
reynyth red colour, and it arn note and drye. In
the monyth of Septembyr, Octobyr and Nouembyr reynyth
<P 158>
blak colour, and it arn drye and colde. In +te monyth
of Decembyr, Ianuar and Ffeuer+ger reynyth fleume, and
he arn colde and moyste. Sanquine men and fleumatyk
men owyn to bledyn abowtyn vndern, +tat they ben fastyng,
and coleryk men fro an our afor vndern tyl noonn.
And a malecolyous man owyth to bledyn abowtyn noun.
But no+gt aftyr mete, ne aftyr slepe, ne aftyr hatyng,
for thanne arn +te [{humores{] medelyd +te goode with the
wykke, and if he blede, than +te goode humores schuldyn
goon owte as well as +te wyk.
   It is to wetyn +tat xxvii dayes [{ben{] beforn
euery prime tyl the chaungyng of the mone. And +tu
+tat wylt be letyn blood, take hed to +te nest prime and
aftyrward begynne to counte in +te day of the chounge
of the mone aftrn. +Tat prime qwon many dayes ben into
+te day, +tu wylt be letyn blood. And sythyn, loke in
what monyt it be, and in the space of that monyth goo
alweys vpward tyl +tu come euene a+gen the noumbyr of
+te forseyd day. And loke be ony maner +tat +tu blede
not+g ne ony medesyn +geue to +tat membyr wyche +tat
syngne gouernyth as long as it lestyth.
<P 159>
   Alle +te veynys of the hed schuldyn bledyn aftyr
mete, owte take +te veyn vndyr the chyn. And all the
veynys of the armys schuldyn bledyn afor mete fastyng.
And alle +te veynys of the handis and thyes and feet, aftyr
mete. The veyne in the front is good for gret hedwerk,
and for the emygrayn, and for +te fallyng euyl, and for +te
frentyk, and for the brayn +tat is apeyred, and for +te
lepre +tat is newe come.
   Her may men knowyn and sen that for fawte and
neglygens of blood-latyng, men and women takyn dyuers
sekenenes, +tat is for to sayn, perlyows feuers, palseyes,
sores, mychell bledyng at +te nose, sotheyn deth, pestelens,
lepre and many moo sekenesses.
   And [{of{] often blood-latyng but +gyff a man
nedyth, comyth ofte wekednesse and febyllnesse of complexion,
and febylnesse of the stomak, and of the herte,
of lever, and of the lounge, and of alle his body. But
+gyf blood-lat be vsyd whan nede is and tyme is, it
amendyth the heryng, and kepyth wattery eyn, and purgyth
the stomak, and doot awey gret hevynesse and
norschyth the good blood, and dystroyt+g +te wykkyd
blood, and lengyth +te lyff. And of onwys blood-lath
<P 160>
comyth many sekenesse, and oftentyme deyn men.
   But wete +tu well +tat blood-lath kepyth mekyll
in serteyn tymes of the yeer for certeyn complexion
and lengyth +te lyff. +Tat is for to seyn, in the ende
of May is blood-lath good for hem than han plenty of
blood, and in the ende of August for plenty of coler,
and in the ende of Nouembr for meche malecolye, and
in the ende of Feuer+ger for mekyll flemme. But euer
loke +tat the dayes and the reulys of blood-latyng be
kepte. And euer +gyff nede be to letyn blood, do it,
saue kepe +te rewlys and the dayes. But in a continuall
agu, let no blood aftyr the iiii=te= day and alle the
dayes wythinne the fourte day.
   He +tat schuldyn letyn man or woman blood, hym
must ben avysyd of iiii poyntes. +Tat is for to seyn,
+tat tyme be good and able, and not to ouer-hote, ne
to ouer-colde, ne not in the hundyn dayes, ne on other
dayes +tat arn forbeden.
   The secunde poynte is custum. +Gyf a man be
custumable for to blede, or if an elde man haue a sekenesse
+tat hath nought vsyd to bledyn, and the sekenesse
<P 161>
may not+g awey withowtyn blood-lath, it is dred to letyn
hym blood for custum and febylnesse.
   The thredde poynt is age. +Tat is for to seyn,
a chylde of xii yeer owyn not to blede, ne man fer in
age.
   The fourte poynte in +tis: if a man be stronge
and of gret herte for to bleden, aftyr +tat he may: a
stronge man, inowe, a febyll man, but lytyll etc. 

[} [\22\] }]
[} [\VARIOUS TAXES\] }]

[} [\(B)\] }]
 
   The Rome-shot+g gaderyd in Acle is iii s. ob.
Therof is payed to the gadereris +tat goyt to Rome ii s.
viii d.
<P 162>
   The taske of Acle drawyth vii li., of the weche
the lord of the maner of Acle payeth iii li., and the
tounesheppe payeth iiii li. This don at Martylmesse 
the xiiii yeer of Kyng Edward the iiii=te=, gaderyd be
Thomas Gedycok and Iohn Clerk, counstabyll, Iohn Stotevyle,
colecteur. The same tyme for the hundred. Item,
ano+ter taske payed the same yeer at Crowchemesse nest
aftyr, gaderyd be William Hendy, Nicholas Ovy, colectour.

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 165>
[} [\25\] }]

[} [\LANDS OF THE MANOR OF ACLE\] }]

[}ACLE}]

<P 166>
   To the maner of Acle longith ccccxxxi acris 
and ii rodis fermelonde. Item, xl acris clepyd Rotwode,
i acre clepyd Chekyr Acre, iii acris clepyd the
Harrowe, besyde Ffarmanys Closse, containing vii acris.

[} [\26\] }]

[} [\CONCORDS\] }]

   How many concordis ben in your gain? IX.
Wheche ix? An enes on, a iii=de=, a v=te=, a vi=te=, a          #
viii=te=,
a x=te=, a xii=te=, a xiii=te= and a xv=te=. How many ben
perfite and how many inperfite? V inperfite and iiii
perfite. Wheche v ben inperfite? An enes on, a v=te=,
<P 167>
an viii=te=, a xii=te= and a xv=te=. And how many ben
perfite? IIII. Wheche iiii? A iii=de=, a vi=te=, a x=te=
and a xiii=te=.

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P 169>
[} [\29\] }]

[} [\PROCEDURE FOR DIVINATION\] }]

   Take on chyld of yonge age, +tat is betwyxen
vii and xiiii, and in the sonne set hym betwyxen +ti
leggis. And than knytte a red sylke thred abowte his
ryght thombe iii, and scrape hys nayle wele and clene.
And thanne wryte on the nayle +tis lettrys with oyle de
<P 170>
olyue: O.N.E.L.I., and qwyll +tu wrytis +tes
lettris, let +te chyld say hys Paternoster. And than
say +tis prayer: " (\Domine Ihesu Christe, Rex glorie,
mitte nobis tres angelos ex parte tua, qui dicant
nobis veritatem et non falsitatem de hiis omnibus
de quibus nos interogabimus.\) " And sey +tis prayer iii
with good hert and devoute. And then +ter schal aper
iii aungels in +te chyldis nayle. And +ten let the chyld
sey thus after the, wheder +tu wylt in Latyn or in
Englys: " (\Domini angeli, ego precipio vobis per Dominum
Patrem Omnipotentem, qui vos et nos ex nichilo creauit
et per virginitatem Beate Marie et beati Iohannis
Euangelyste, necnon et omnium virginum, et per virtutes
omnium sanctorum nichilominus Dei, ut ostendatis
nobis veritatem et non falsitatem de hiis omnibus de 
quibus nos interrogabimus.\) " And +ten let +te chyld aske
what +tat he lyst, and +tei schal schewe to hym.

[} [\30\] }]

[} [\RECEIPTS FOR INK, GLUE AND TEMPERING\] }]

   Ffor to make blak ynke, take gallys, coporose
and gumme of rabyk, of iche aleke mekyll be wyte. And
make powder of +ti gallys and of thy coporose, of eyther
<P 171>
be hemselff. And ley +ti gumme in watir to stepe al a
nyght. And on the morwen take +ti gumme-water and +ti
pouuder of gallys, and put hem togeder, and sette hem
ouer the fyer, and lete hem sethen +te space of +tis
psalme seying, " (\Miserere mei, Deus.\) " And than cast
+ti powder of coporose +terin, and steret well togeder,
and +tan take it don. And if +tu wylt make inke for ony
book of gret prys, take as mekell coporose as gumme and
gallys. And to iii vncis take a quarte of reyn water,
for +tat is best +terfor. And +tan it is good inke, sekerly.
And stere it well euery day. Gumme, i quart,
gall, i quart, coporose, i quart: iiii d.
   Ffor to make reed ynkke, take vermelyon, and
grynit with gleyer, and temperit. Ffor to make gleyer,
take +te whyte of an egge, and brayet in a dissch with
a sponge tyl it is as schort as ony water, and +tan it
is good gleyer to gryne and temperyn with vermelyon
for reed inkke. If it burbelyt whan +ge gryne it, take
sape of +gour eere, and grynit +terwith, and +tat schal
don away alle tho burbelys.
   Ffor to make blew inkke, take byse and temperyt
with gumme-water, and steryt well, and +tan it is good
blew inkke. Ffor to make gumme-water, take gumme of
arabyk as moche as aboue, and put it in a sauser ful
<P 172>
of clene water a day or a nyght tyl it is turned alle
to water. And +tan it is good to temperyn with byse for
blew hynk.
   Ffor to make staunchsgreyn: (\recipe calcem et
calcem viuam et farinam ana, et distempera cum albumine
oui et lacte cum sit quasi spissa pastis, et sicta
lente ad solem\) .
   Ffor to make mowth glew for bokys, take +te
sowdys of stok-fysshez, and sethe hem in worte be +te
space of ii owrys. +Tan take and drye hem, and whan they
be drye, vse hem forth as bookbynderis don. In +te same
maner +tu mayst make it of soundys dryed of lyngis.
   Ffor to temperyn +gour colouris, take the
water +tat gloueris speccis ben sothen in. It is 
clepyd coode, +tat is good to gryne and temperyn with
+gour colouris etc. Yelow, take okyr, and grynit with
coode; a better yelow, take generall, and grynit.
Grene, take blewe inde and generall, and gryne them
togeder. For to peynt on tymber or vpon fferston,
take vergres, and grynit and temperyt with oyle.
Blak, take smethes coles and grynit. Reed, take red
<P 173>
led, and grynit; a better reed, take vermelyon, and
grynit. Blew, take blew inde and grynit. Reed crymsyn,
take synnaper and vermelyon, and grynit togeder. Grene
inke to wryten with, take vergres and gryne it to
pouder, then take vynegyr or ellys vergeows, and
temperit togeder, and sterit well.

<S SAMPLE 7>
<P 174>
[} [\32\] }]

[} [\CHURCHWARDENS' ACCOUNTS\] }]

[} [\(A)\] }]

   Iohn Reynys, Iohn Goodwyn, taylour, and Herry
Brandon, chirchereves, dedyn maken the batylment of
the stepyll, weche coste drow to the valow of xvi li.,
(\anno Domini millesimo cccc=mo= septuagesimo ii=do=.\)

[} [\(B)\] }]

   Iohn Hendy, Roberd Reynys and William Pey,
chirchereves, bowte a vestement, holl sute of red
<P 175>
velvet, pouderyd with flouris of gold complet. +Tat
is [{to{] seyn, a cope, a chesepyll and ii tonekylls
with aubis, amys, stolys and paralys longyng to +te
same. +tis was don +te Thurday nest aftyr Alle Seyntis.
The price of the same vestement is xxiii li. +Tis don
(\anno Domini millesimo cccc=mo= septuagesimo quarto\) .

[} [\33\] }]

[} [\RECEIPT OF THE FLOCK OF ACLE\] }]
 
   Thomas Ponde, Iohn Tan and Symon Bakton of
Yermothe delyuered the leddis flokke of Acle to +te
baly: cclxi ewys, lvii wedyr hoggis, xxxiii wederis,
xlii ewe-hoggis, cc lambys and vi rammys, and v s.
in syluer to amend for +te catell. +Tis don the Thursday
nest aftyr Seynt Mathewe, (\anno Domini millesimo
cccc=o= septuagesimo iiii=to=\) .

<S SAMPLE 8>
<P 194>
[} [\48\] }]

[} [\SUMMARY OF THE LINEAGE AND FAMILY OF ST. ANNE\] }]

   In the olde lawe a man hyght Barpanter.
Barpanter weddyd Asmarea, ther sone was clepyd Ioachym
<P 195>
(Nazareth).
   Isakar weddyd Nasaphat, too dowterys +tei had: Anna
and Emeria.
   Ioachym weddyd Anna (Bedlam born), ther dowter was
Maria, (\mater Christi\) (Nazareth): (\prima\)
   Aaron weddyd Emeria, ther dowter was Elizabeth, (\mater 
[{Iohannis{] Baptiste.\)
   Ioseph weddyd Maria, ther Sone was Ihesu Crist.
   Sakari weddyd Elizabeth, ther sone was Iohn Baptist.
   (\Eliud, Eminen, filia, Beatus Geruasius Episcopus.\)
   Cleophas weddyd Anna, ther dowter was clepyd Mari:
(\Secunda\) .
   Alphe weddyd that Mari, iiii sunnys they had: (\Simonem
et Iudam, Iacobum Minorem et Ioseph Iustum\) .
   Salome weddyd Anna, ther dowter was clepyd Mari:
(\Tercia\) .
   Zebede weddyd that Mari, too sunnys +tei had: (\Iohannem
Euangelistam, Iacobum Maiorem\) .
   Sent Anna had iii husbondes and iii dowterys:
i Maria (\mater Christi\) , ii (\Maria Cleophe\) , iii Maria    #
Salome.           

<S SAMPLE 9>
<P 237>
[} [\54\] }]

[} [\NOTES ON ST. PAUL'S, WESTMINSTER HALL AND WESTMINSTER      #
ABBEY\] }]

   Here is the lenght of the shaft of the cros on
Poulys stepyll at London: From the booll to the egyll
is xii fote, and the lenght of the cros at +te wedyrcok
is vii fote, and the booll is over from syde to syde
iii fote: +Tat is iii yardys abowte.
   Poulis Chirche is in lenght fro the west dore
to the qweer dore vii=xx= pacis and ii, and fro the qwer
dore to the est ende is iiii=xx= and x pacis. Summa of
all the lenght fro the ton ende to the tothyr ende is
xi=xx= and xii pacis. Also, the cros ele fro the north
dore to the south dore is vi=xx= and x pacis.
   Westmester Halle is in lenght v=xx= pacis and
xii=ve=. +Terin in the Kyngys Bench, the Chaunstry, the
Comonplace, the Chekyr, the Kyngis Councell-chaumbyr,
the Kyngis Chapell.
   Westmester Chirche is of Seynt Petir. Behynde
the hygh awter lyeth many kyngis and qwenys. And in
the myddys of the chapell lyeth Seynt Edward the Kyng
shryned. And ther ben many relykkys. And on the south
syde besyde the hygh awter is the lely-pott, with vi
<P 238>
braunches rennyng fayre, clene water bothe nyght and
day.
   And in the gret belfer at Westmyster arn vi
grete bellys. Also, in the gret belver at Poulys arn
vii gret bellys.
   Ffro Poulis to Westmester is a long myle and
more.

[} [\55\] }]

[} [\A LONDON ADDRESS\] }]

   At Sarzynnes Hed in Fflet Strete at London,
ther is my lordes inne of Tyntarne. Ther dwellyth
William Stone, skynner.

<S SAMPLE 10>
<P 240>
[} [\58\] }]

[} [\NOTES ON THE ZODIAC\] }]

   (\Yemps\) lasted 3 synus: +to ben Sagittarius, Capricornius
and Aquarius.
   (\Ver\) lastyd o+ter synus: +to ben Pisces, Aries and
Taurus.
   (\Estas\) lastyd o+ter 3 synus: +to ben Gemini, Cancer and
Leo.
   (\Avtumnus\) lastyd o+ter 3 synus: +to ben Virgo, Libra
and Scorpio.
   (\Yemps\) ( (\oritur\) ) gynnyth on Sent Clementis day in
Nouembre.
   (\Ver\) ( (\oritur\) ) gynnyth on Cathedra Sancti Petri in
Ffebruare.
   (\Estas\) gynnyth on Seynt Vrbans day in May, (\viii=o=
<P 241>
kalendae Iunii\) .
   (\Autumnus\) gynnyth on Seynt Simphorians day in Augus,
(\xi=o= kalendae [{Septembre{] \) .
   Whoso be born in +te signe of Tauro, he schal haue
moche grace in alle bestis and in alle other
thyngis, saue in his wyff: sche xall be master.
   Whoso be born in Aries, he schall be dredfull and
[{+tow+g{] gracious.
   Whoso be born in Gemini, he xal be pore and weyke, and
leue in meche desese.
   Cancer: he schall ben pore and weyke, and +tow+g gracious.
   Leo: he schall be bold and a strong theff.
   Virgo: he schall be wyse and letteryd, and he schall
be blamed giltles.
   Libra: he schall be a schrew in auant and a +teff, and
dey in wykked ded.
   Scorpio: he schall be a gret goer in the werd.
   Sagittarius: he schall be hardy and a gret lechoure.
   Capricornus: he schall be riche and loved.
   Aquarius: he schall be rekeles and abill for to lese
<P 242>
his men.
   Pisces: he schall be gracius in alle maner werkys.

<S SAMPLE 11>
<P 243>
[} [\62\] }]

[} [\RELIGIOUS ENUMERATIONS\] }]

[} (\DECEM PRECEPTA\) }]

   The ffirst is: Wurchep God aboue alle thyng.
   The secunde is: Take not His name in idylnesse.
   The iii=de= is: Halwe treuly thy holyday.
   The iiii=te= is: Wurchep +ti ffader and moder bodely
and gostly.
<P 244>
   The v=te= is: Sle no man with thy toung.
   The vii=te= ys: Do no lechery owte of wedlak.
   The viii=te= is: Stele nothyng.
   The ix=te= is: Bere no fals wytnesse.
   The x=te= is: +Tu schal not coveyte +ti neybouris hows,
his wyff ner his seruaunt etc. X Comaundementis.

[} (\SEPTEM MORTALIA PECCATA\) }]

   Pryde, invye, wreth, coveytyse, glotony, lechery
and slauth: these ben +te VII Dedly Synnys.

[} (\SEPTEM OPERA MISERICORDIE\) }]

   Thow schalt: ffede +te hungery, +geuen hem drynk
+tat ben athorst, visite hym +tat is seke, herbere hym
that hat nede, clothe hem +tat his naked, comfort hym
+tat is in preson, bery Crysten bodyes +tat ben dede:
these ben the VII Werkys of Mercy.

[} (\SEPTEM VIRTUTES PRINCIPALES\) }]

   (\Ffides, spes, caritas, prudencia, iusticia, ffortitudo,
temperancia.\)
   Trewth, feyth, hope, charite, sleythe, rythfulnesse,
strenghe, sobyrnesse: these ben the VII Vertuys.

[} (\SEPTEM SACRAMENTA ECCLESIE\) }]
 
  (\Baptismus, confirmacio, penitencia, Eukaristia, extrema
<P 245>
vnxcio, ordo, sponsalia.\)
   Cristendom, confirmacion, shryfte and penaunce, housle,
anoyntyng, holy order, spousyng: these ben +te VII
Sacramentis of Holy Chyrch.

<S SAMPLE 12>
<P 247>
[} [\65\] }]

[} [\CHARM RECEIVED BY THE POPES\] }]

   Seynt Gregori, Sent Syluester and Sent Leon,
that were popys of Rome, reseyved +tis writyng and
sayd, "Hosoeuer bere +tis writyng abowte hym, he thar
not drede hym of non enmy ner sodeyn deth, ner fyer,
ner watyr, ner poyson, ner preson, ner thonder, ner
levyn, ner +te feuers, ner noon other wykkyd evyll.
And he schal be loued of his souerayn. And if he be
owte of hys wey, he schall sone fynde hys wey agayn."
   And an angell toke +tis writyng to Kyng Charlys
in batayle and seyde, "Hosoeuer bere +tis writyng
abowte hym, he schal ouercome his enmyes withowten
fayle. Also, a woman trauelyng of a chylde do rede
+tis writyng ouer hyr or put +tis writyng abowte her,
and sche schal sone be delyuered be +te grace of God
withowte perell. And hosoeuer bere +tis writyng abowte
hym, he schall not pace owte of +tis worlde in myscheue,
but he schall haue +te sacramentis of Holy Chirche be
+te grace of God. Ner he schal not be robbyd with non
thevys be nyght ne be day, ne he schal not be ouercome
with noon sprytys by the grace of God and the vertu
of +tese names."

<S SAMPLE 13>
<P 255>
[} [\74\] }]

[} [\NOTES ON ADAM\] }]

   Adam lyued ix c yeer and xxx=ti=, and had xxx=ti=
sones and xxx=ti= doughters.
   They dyed and were bothe beryed togedyr, Adam
and Eue.

[} [\75\] }]

[}ROME}]

   Ffrom the begynnyng of the world vnto the
tyme that Rome was first made was iiii ml c xlix
yeris. And fro that tyme that Rome was made into the
Natiuite of Oure Lord Ihesu Christ, vii c l yeeris.
<P 256>
   In the citie of Rome ben thus many chirches:
cccc, in the whiche masse is dayly don. But there
ben vii of the same priuileged above alle other,
whiche gret holynes pardon, as is hereafter
shewyd. The first is called Seynt Petyr Chirche
thApostell. There he is relessyd of the vii parte
of penaunce inioyned, grauntyd by Pope Alysander.
The secunde auter is of Seynt Andrew.

<S SAMPLE 14> 
<P 260>
[} [\81\] }]

[} [\A RECEIPT\] }]

   +Ge must take wurte, and barly, and comyn, and 
hony, and a lytyll curtesy of salte, and sethe them in
a potte togedyr tyl the barly be brostyn. And sythen,
caste it abowte in +te hows wheras dowys ben vsyng etc.

<P 261>
[} [\82\] }]

[}THIS IS THE COPY OF +TE PRESENTACYON OF +TE LORDYS
OF VENYSSE SEND TO +TE POPE (\ANNO CHRISTI 1464\) .}]

   Ffirst, iiii=xx= gret bumbardis (a gonnys): eche of
hem cast a ston of +te wyght of ix c pound, with
powder and stuff.
   Item, xiiii c gunnys: eche of hem cast a ston of 1 li.,
with pouuder and stuff.
   Item, xiiii c serpentis and smal gunnys, with powder
and stuff.
   Item, vii ml. payer of brigandyrs for hem +tat haue
non harnes.
   Item, x shippis ladyn with bows and arows, and other
artery and abilymentis of werre.
   Item, vi ml. pykes and spadys for the ost.
   Item, vi ml. cressettis for to haue ffyer be nyght
for the ost.
   Item, xii mattokkis and mayletis with o+ter stuff to
breke +te ground in hard, stony cuntres.
   Item, cccc ml. bokettis and bowges of lether for to
ffetche water to the ost in tyme of nede.
   Item, viii ml. of empty pypys and tonnys, and other
vessell to make with brygges to convey over cartys
<P 262>
and waynes and o+ter ordenaunce.
   Item, vi ml. cartys for caryage for the ost in tyme
of nede.
   Item, cccc ml. hokys and cromes, hachettis and
ledders of dyuers facyon.
   Item, xii ml. ffottemen in harneys: the wagys arn payn.
   Item, xxx ml. dokettis to pay for vetayle.
   Item, vi ml. men well besayn in harnes, and her wagis
payed.
   Item, iiii=xx= galeys, well appareld with men and            #
abylymentis
of werre, and ther wagis payed.
   Item, a mylyon of gold to refreyssh with all Crysten
pepull.

<S SAMPLE 15>
<P 264>
[} [\84\] }]

[} [\THE WOMAN RECLUSE AND THE WOUNDS OF JESUS\] }]

   A woman solatarie and recluse coueytinge to
knowe the nommbre of the woundes of Oure Lord Ihesu
Crist oftyn preyd to God of speciall grace +tat He
wolde wouchesaffe to schewe her hem. And at the last,
to her spak Oure Lord Ihesu Crist and seyde, "Sey
euery day be an hooll yeer xv Paternoster and xv Aue
Maria, and at the yeeris ende thow shalt han wurcheped
euery wounde and fulfylled the noumbre of the same."
   And also seyd Oure Lord Ihesu Crist, "Euery
man that seyth these Paternoster, and these Auez, and
these orisones folwyng euery daye be an hooll yeer, of
his kynrede xv soules schull be delyuered owte of the
peynes of purgatorie, and xv ryghtful men of his
<P 265>
kynrede schull be kepte in good lyffe. And he that
seyth these orisones after wretyn, ffirst, therfore, he
schal haue grace and knowyng of perfeccion and bitter
contricion of alle his olde synnes."
   And also seyd Oure Lord Ihesu Crist, "He that
seyth these orisones in the forme aforn seyd xv
dayes before his deth, he schall se myn holy body and
it receyve, and therby be delyuered fro euerelestynge
hunger. And I schall +geue hym drynk of myn blood, that
he schall neuere thriste. And I schall put before hym 
the sygne of myn victoryous Passion in defens and
subsidie of alle his enmyes. And before his deth I
schall come with myn dere moder and take his soule
and lede it into euerelestyng ioye. And whan I haue it
thedir brought, I schall +geue hym a drawt+g of the chalys
of myn godhed.
   "And +gif a man haue leyn in synne xx=ti= yeer,
and he wyl seyen these orisones, I wyl for+geue hym
alle his synnes, and kepe hym fro alle temptaciouns,
and kepe his v wyttes, and hym fro sodeyn deth defende,
and ouer that kepe hym fro euerelestynge peyne. And
alle the synnes +tat he hath don fro his childehod
vnto this day I wyl for+geue hym, and be my grace he
schall be bettir than euer he was before. And whatsoeuer
<P 266>
he aske rightfully of me or of myn moder, it schall
not be denyed. And I schall kepe hym parfytely in
vertu and in good lyffe conferme hym as he had euere
aftyr myn wyle wrought and levyd. And +gif he schulde
deye tomorwe, his lyffe schall be lengthed. And
as often as he seyth these orisones, he schall haue
xl dayes of pardon. And he that techeth ony other men
these orisones, his ioye schall neuere discrece, but
dwelle withowten ende. And wherso he be that seyth
hem, I am present, as Sent Poule precheth, and fro
his enmyes I schall hym defende. Therfor, euery
lettered man and woman rede iche day these orisones of
my bytter Passion for his owen medecyne."
   Besyde this woman dwelled an holy man to whom
sche this reuelacion schewed, and he it schewed to
an abbes. And sche it schewed to here susteres and
badde hem seyn these orisones. And summe seyden hem
with gret deuocion, and summe for they schulde not
trespace receyved here commaundement, and summe not
wilfully, but in parti constreyned fulfylled here
commaundement. And after that, the same holy man on
a day whanne he restyd hym, he was rauysched in a
vision into a fayer felde. And therin was a delectable
welle. And it semyd to hym as the welle were ful of
<P 267>
precious stones. And at the same welle were the same
susteres that seyden these orisouns. And summe of
hem wesch with grete vertu, and summe lesse, and summe
vnnethes touched a lytell drope, or they wessch
after +te deuocion that they hadde in the seying of
+te orisones. And this was schewed to the holy man.
And he it schewed to the abbes, and sche +te same
tolde to her susteres, that were therof wol gladde.
And they that seyde these orisones nou+gt deuoutely
beforn aftyrward amended hem and seyde hem better,
with gretter deuocion and desyre.
   Afterward on a nyghte this holy man herde a
gret noyse and an hidows crye, as all that was in the
wode hadde ouerthrowen and be rent vp be the rotes.
And he went oute of his celle, and coniured on of the 
ffendys +tat he had herde, and badde that he schuld
telle hym what that noyse ment. To whom the fende
seyde, "In this wode woneth an olde woman ful of many
holy wordes and seyth an orison so plesyng to God of
heuene wherthrowgh we taken ful oftyn gret harme.
For with that orison sche getyth to God ful many
soules +tat were in oure power fast beforn. And it
plesith so moch God Almyghty that it is graunted to
hym that seyth these orisouns that +gif he were in tyme
<P 268>
of his levyng in the weye of euerlestyng dampnacion,
Oure Lord God schulde chaunge euerlestyng peyne into
the peyne of purgatorye. And +gif he were in the state
of the most peyne of purgatorye, Oure Lord schuld
chaunge it into the peyne of this werlde and bryng
his soule to heuene. It is tolde that this womannys
name is Sent Bryde, the Quene of Swethe, +tat ful many
reuelaciouns and gret grace had of God."

<S SAMPLE 16>
<P 289>
[} [\92\] }]

[} [\FOUR CONTRACTS\] }]

[} [\(A)\] }]

   Memorandum that vii day of Octobr, the day
nest aftir Seynt Ffeyth the Virgynn, (\anno regni Regis
Edwardi Quarti post Conquestum ix=o=,\) Roberd Reynys of
Acle, sengyl man, made a covenaunt with Cecilie Grene,
wedowe, and bowte of her a tenement weche was sumtyme
her husbondez, with x acr and iii rodis of arable
lond ffree clepid Andrewlond, lying in dyuers pecis,
iii rodis of medowe in a closse clepid a grove, with
wode, watir and ffysshyng, as it lyeth at the Thete,
a parte of the west, i rode of marsshe clepid an aldercarr
with wode lyeth at the Thete, a parte of the est,
i acr and ii rodis stardole in ii pecis lyeth in the
parke, i acre of iuncare lyeth in the Market Fen, iii
rodis in ii pecis clepid russhedolys lyeth in Halcote
Merssh, with alle other comodyes and vayles that to
the forseyd tenement longyn or perteynyn, with alle
nessarys that ben rote-fast and nayle-fast.
   Ffor the weche the seyd Roberd schall pay
or do pay to the same Cecilie or to hyr assynes, xx
<P 290>
li. and xx d., that is to sayn, iiii nobill and xx d.
at the bargany makyng, and iiii nobill at Myghelmesse
nest folwyng; that is, iiii marke and xx d. in the
first yeer, and at Myghelmesse nest aftir that, iiii
nobill, and so forth at euery Myghelmesse, iiii
nobill, tyll the seid summe of xx li. and xx d. be
full payed and contentyd.
   And the same Cecilie and her atturnyes the
forseyd tenement with alle londes, closes, groves,
aldercarris, stardolys, ffendolys and russhedolys,
and ffysshyng, to the forseyd Robert Reynys, to his
eyris and assynes, a+gens alle maner men schall warantyn
and defendyn.
   This witnesseth: Syr Iohn Properchaunt, person
of Acle, Syr Robert Bertram, prior of Weybrygg, Iohn
Reynys, carpenter, Lowys Appryers, baly of Acle,
Iohn Hendy, smyth, Thomas Grene, William Smyth of Hemlyngton,
Iamus Reynys, and many other. +Goven the day
and yeer beforn specyfied.
 
[} [\(B)\] }]

   Memorandum that the secunde day of Novembr,
<P 291>
the weche is clepid Sowlemesse day, Iohn Reynys and
Emme, the wyff of Roberd Reynys, made a covenaunt
with Cecilie Grene of Hemlyngton in the name of Roberd
Reynys of Acle, and bowte of her a pencion weche the
seid Cecilie Grene schuld an had terme of her lyve.
That is to sayn, a chambyr withinne the dwellyng place
of Roberd Reynys, i quarter wode and i cartefull of
sedge, terme of hir lyve.
   Ffor the weche seyd pencion the forseyd Roberd
schall pay or do paye to the same Cecilie or to hyr
assynes iiii nobill. That is to sayn, vi s. viii d.
at the bargany makyng, and at euery Cristemesse
folwyng, vi s. viii d., tyl the seyd iiii nobill be
full payed and contentyd.
   This witnessith Iohn Reynys, William Smyth,
Thomas Grene and other. +Goven the day and yeer specifyed.
And the same Roberd must kepe the yeer-day of
William Grene and Herry, his sone, duryng the lyve of
the same Cecilie, and aftyr hyr decesse no lenger.
+Tis drawith be yeer iiii d. (\Anno regni Regis Edwardi
Quarti post Conquestum xii=o=.\)
   The last payment was (\anno regni Regis E.
iiii=ti= xvi=o=\) .

<P 292>
[} [\(C)\] }]

   Memorandum that the v=te= day of Octobre on
Seynt Ffeythez evyn, (\anno regni Regis E. iiii=ti= post
Conquestum xii=o=,\) Roberd Reynys of Acle made a covenaunt
with Iohn Hardyngham the elder of North Birlyngham,
the sone of Thomas Hardyngham, and bowte of hym iii
acris of Andrewlond ffree lying in the feld of Acle in
dyuers pecys.
   Ffor the weche londe the seyd Roberd schall
pay or do paye to the same Iohn or to his assignes,
v nobill and xl d. That is to sayn, at the bargany 
makyng, x s., and at Myghelmesse nest folwyng, xiii s.
iiii d., and at Myghelmesse nest aftyr that, xiii s.
iiii d. withowte ony delay. And the same Iohn Hardyngham,
his eyris and assynes the forseyd iii acris londe
to the forseyd Roberd Reynys, to his eyris and his
assynes, a+gens alle maner men schall warantyn and
defendyn.
   This wytnessith: Syr Wylliam Hardyngham, person
of Birlyngham, Peter Lowys Appryers, baly of Acle,
Iohn Reynys, carpenter, Richard Neell the elder, Herry
Brandon, Nicholas Hardy, William Hendy the elder,
<P 293>
Iamus Reynys, William Streget, and other. +Gouen the
day and yeer beforn specyfyed.
   The laste payment was (\anno regni Regis E.
iiii=ti= xv=o=\) .

[} [\(D)\] }]

   Memorandum that the ffirst day of May, (\anno 
regni Regis E. iiii=ti= post Conquestum xvii=o=,\) Roberd
Reynys of Acle made a covenaunt with his ffader, Iohn
Reynys, be his lyve, and bowte of hym his place in
the market, with the gardeynys and clossez as it lyeth
(conteynyth ii rodis), with i d. of rent be yeer
takyng of Iohn Tynwhyte for the lane that goyth owte
his place to Rekys Lane (conteynyth i yarde in brede),
with xvii acris of arable lond in dyuers pecis
clepyd Andrewelond ffre; also, another tenement clepyd
Baronys, with the closse longyng therto as it lyeth in
Kyrgate, item, ii rodes or marsshe clepyd a stardole,
as it lyeth in the Marm, item, (\dimidium\) rode of marsshe
clepyd a pytell, with wode, lyeth at Nethergate, with
alle other comodyes and vayles that to the forseyd
<P 294>
place longyth or perteynyth, with alle nessarys that
ben rote-fast and nayle-fast, lyke as Iohn Reynys
held it ffor the weche seyd place: gardeynys, closez,
londes, tenementis, pytell, marsshes and rentis.
   The seyd Roberd schall paye or do pay xxxvi
li. of lawfull mony of Ynglond for hym aftyr his
deceesse, acordyng to his wyll, as it apperith in
his testement how it schall be payed and disposyd
for hym. (Of the weche seyd summe, the forseyd
Roberd payed in the seyd first yeer at his dirige
and berying, and at his terment day, and for provyng
his testement and for a quetans, with other dyuers
costis and paymentis as it apperit in wrytyng, x li.)
Fferthermore, the forseyd Roberd must paye yeerly
at the fest of Seynt Iohn Baptist iiii marke,
tyll the seyd summe of xxxvi li. be full payed and
contentyd, acordyng to his wyll.
   This witnessyth: Iohn Hendy of Mowton, William 
Suffolk of Heygham, Iamus Reynys, Iohn Reynys
the yonger, and other. +Goven the day and yeer beforn
specifyed.

<P 295>
[} [\93\] }]

[} [\THE NAILS OF CHRIST\] }]

   Pope Innocent hath grauntyd to euery man +tat
beryth the lenght of the iii nayles of Oure Lord Ihesu
Criste vpon hym and wurschyp them dayly with v Paternoster
and v Aues and a Crede, he schal haue vii gyftis
grauntyd hym: the first, he schal not deye on no sodeyn
deth; the secunde, he schal not be slayn with swerd
nor knyff; the iii=de=, his enmyes schal not ouercome
hym; the iiii=te=, he schal haue sufficient goodis and
honest levyng; the v=te=, +tat poyson nor fals witnesse
schal greue hym; the vi=te=, he schal not deye withowte
the sacramentis of the Chirche; the vii=te=, he schall
be defendyd from alle wykkyd speritis, feuers, pestelens
and alle evell thyngis.

<S SAMPLE 17>
<P 307>
[} [\105\] }]

[} [\TAXES LEVIED FOR SUPPORT OF ARCHERS\] }]

   Memorandum: the Parlement holden at Westmenstre
the vi day of Octobr, (\anno regni Regis Edwardi Quarti
xiii=o=,\) than graunted to the Kyng xiii ml. men archerys
for the terme of on yeer, euery of them takyng be the
day vi d., queche summe amountith to an c ml.
   To the exibicyon of +te whiche it was ordeynyd
that euery temporall man schuld paye the x=th= parte
of on yerly valu of hys londys and tenementis, except
lordis of the parlement. Whiche x part amountith to
the summe in euery shyre, citie and burgh as partyclerly
herafter ensuete:

Northumbirlond, Coumberlond, Westmorlond, Lancastr
  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  ml.
the busshope of Dorham . . . . . . v c xix li. x d.

<S SAMPLE 18>
<P 312>
[} [\106\] }]

[} [\PROGNOSTICATIONS ACCORDING TO THE DOMINICAL LETTER\] }]

   A: Qwanne the Dominicall lettyr ffallyth vpon
the A, than schall be a warme wynter and a peryyng
somer, corne in the felde, but resonable frute in the
same wyse, been in the same wyse also, pestelencez of
+gonge pepyll and deth of bestys, but most of neet, gret
apklynge and fytyng of pelouris, and newe tydynggis of
kynggis etc.
   B: Whanne the Dominicall letter fallyth vpon
the B, thanne schall be a warme bygynnynge of wynter,
and rokys and thykke wedir in the bakke wynter, and a
whete somere, dere greyin of corn in the felde, gret
tempestis of levyn, gret plente of oyle, and muche
hevynes amonge +te people, kynggis and ben xull dey
grete batayle of people, and +ter schall be many
wedowes +tat yeer etc.
   C: Whanne the Dominicall letter fallyth vpon
the C, thanne schall be a gret wynter and a stormyng
somere, a drye hervest, resonable plente of corn and
frute, but smale been, but +gonge people schull dey,
deth of swyne, tempestis of shippes in the see, and
dere wynes that yeer etc.
<P 313>
   D: Whanne the Dominicall letter fallyth vpon
the D, +tan xal be a warme wynter, a good somer and a
good hervest, and plente of corn and frute, but comon
oyle, grete plente of ben, but comon, women with childe
schull deye, gret losse of hey+ge, newe tydynggis of
kynggis etc.
   E: Whanne the Dominicall letter fallyth vpon
the E, +tan schal be a stowte wynter of wyndys, a good
somere, a good hervest and plente of corn, a gret +ger
of frute, but they schall sone rotyn, derth of fleysshe,
gret plente of been, deth of bestis, a good yeer aftyr,
and peas among the pepyll, and gret flodys of freysshe
watyris etc.
   Ff: Whanne the Dominicall lettyr fallyth vpon
the Ff, +tan shall be a blakke wynter and also a scharppe
colde, a drye somere, plente of oyle, gret sekenesse of
eyne; be but comon deth of +gonge people, gret werre in
dyuers placys, and ertheqwawghe etc.
   G: Whanne the Dominicall lettyr ffallyth vpon
the G, than xal be a warme wynter and a dyuers somer,
gret plente of corn, gret tempest of fyer of howsys,
grete sekenesse of the axcesse, plente of ben, gret
<P 314>
fellyngges of tymber, deth of olde people, and gret
plente of hey+ges.

<S SAMPLE 19>
<P 315>
[} [\109\] }]

[}WEYGHTIS AND MESURIS}]

   Be the dyscression and ordenaunce of all the
roialme of England, the lordys spirituall and temporall,
of alle maner of weyghtis and mesures, that
was made by the graynes of whete. +Tat is to vnderstonde
+tat xxxii graynes of whete taken owte of the
myddys of the whete ere weyth a sterlyng, othirwyse
called a peny, and xx sterlyng makyth an vnce, and
xii vncez makith a pownde for syluer, gold, brede
and mesure. Weche weight makyth a pynt of whete,
<P 316>
and ii pyntys makith i quarte, ii quartis makith a
potell, and ii potellys makith i galon, and viii
galons makith a busshell [^TO PRESERVE THE SENSE, THE EDITOR    #
WOULD OMIT THE FOLLOWING WORDS IN PARENTHESES^] (and neyther    #
hepe ner cantell) ;
and to be strekyn with a rased stryke, and
neyther hepe nor cantell etc.
   Also, the same tyme was ordeyned by the Kyng
and alle his lordys spirituall and temporall +tat the
sayde xxxii graynes of whete taken owte of the myddys
of the ere makyth a sterlyng peny, and xx d. sterlyngis 
makith an vnce of haburdepeyse, and xvi uncez
makith i pownde of haburdepeyse. And +tis sayde
vnce and pownde to be devyded frome +te most part
vnto +te lest part to by and selle spyces by, and
alle o+ter chaffare that perteynet vnto weyght; and
so, ii li., iiii li., viii li., and so forth to the
c. And at +tis day the c is trewe aftyr v=xx= for the c,
weche kepith, and mesure: 1 pownde the half c, xxv li.
+te quarteron, xii li. and an half the half quarteron,
weche was called of olde tyme beyng a stone of London,
vi li. and i quarteron is the half stone.
   And these ben the statutes as it aperith in
<P 317>
Magna Carta. And that is, o weyght and o mesure
thoroughowte England. Ffor an c aftyr +tis wyth weyth
ii busshells of whete, the half c weyth i busshell
of whete, and the quarteron weyth half a busshell of
whete, and xii li. and (\dimidium\) weyth a pecke of
whete, and so forth, weyth for weyght vnto the seyd
sterlyng. All these weyghtis and mesures to be
ocupyed with trewe bem and trewe balaunce, and that
the tonge of the bem enclyne neyther vpon the ton
part nor vpon the tothyr part, but +tat it kepe the 
myddys of the beme.

[}METTIS}]

   Also, it was ordeyned at the same tyme +tat 
iii barly cornys take owte of the myddys of the ere
makyth an inche, and xii inches makyth a ffote, and
iii fote makyth a yarde, and it to be sysed and sealed,
and thervpon to be merkyd a trewe half yard, quarter, 
nayle and half nayle. The elne to be v quarteris
of the yard in lenghyth, and it to be sysed and sealed,
and that it be merkyd in iiii partys acordyng for an
elne. And owte of the seyd yard growyth a rodde
<P 318>
to mesur lond by, the weche rodde conteyneth in
lenghyth v yardys and an half, as it apperyth in
Magna Carta.

[} [\110\] }]

[} (\CLERICUS MERCATI\) }]

   Iohn Becwyth, clerk of the market, satte at
Acle the Thursday aftyr Seynt Ambrose in the monyth
of Apryl, ther sysed busshellys aftir viii galonys,
and alle othyr mettys and mesuris, and alle maner
weyghtis acordyng to the Kynggis statutis. +Tis don
the xv yeer of our souerayn lord, Kyng Edward the
iiii=te=.

[} [\111\] }]

[}CHARGE TO THE MAYSTERIS OF EUERY CRAFT}] 

   +Ge schull sweren that +ge schal with 
alle +goure myght and +goure pouer kepen pees, and reste,
and tranquillite withinne +goure crafte. And alle
maner good gouernaunce and ordenaunce within +gow +ge
<P 319>
schal holdene. And +ge schal make good and trewe
serche in +goure craft duryng +goure terme. And also,
alle maner notabyl defautis that +ge fynde in +goure
craft, wel and trewly +ge schal presente them vp onto
+te mair. And that +ge schal not suffren no man of
+goure craft to engrosen ne forstallyn no maner of
thyng that to +goure craft longith in hyndryng of the
comouns of the citie. And also, if ony man of +goure
craft take excessysly for his craft, +ge schall treuly
presente hym to +te mayr, be hym to be redressyd, and
correctyd, and make fyn aftyr +te quantyte of the
trespas.
   And if ony maner man of +goure craft will
noght be serged ne gouerned by +gow in all ryght and
reason, qwiles +go be maistres of +goure craft, +ge schal
certifie hym vnto the mayr, and he schal be chastysed
as good ordenaunce of the citie wyll. And that +ge
concele noght the defautes aforseyd, sparyng no man
for love, hathe ne drede, vpon peyne on greuous
ponyschement, be avys of the mayr and mo sufficient
men of the same craft. But that +ge schuln so gouerne
+gowre craft in all thyngis, that may be encrese,
profyte and wurshippe vnto alle the citie. And wel
and truly +ge schul don alle that longith to maistres
<P 320>
of +goure craft to doo, so helpe +gow God at Holy Dome.

[} [\112\] }]

[} [\BENEVOLENCE OF WILLIAM CALTHORPE TO EDWARD IV\] }]

   Beneuolens: I, William Calthorpe of the comity
of Norffolk, knyght, promytte and graunte to oure
souereign lord, Kyng Edward the iiii=th=, towardis his
viage beyond the see the somme of iii=xx= and xiii li.
of lawefull money of Inglond, to be payed to oure
seid souereign lord or to his assign the first
day of Ffeuer+gere xxxvi li. and x s., and the first
day of May xxxvi li. and x s. nex comyng. To the
whiche paiement truly to be made in the fourme aboueseid,
I bynde me and myn heires by this bylle sealed
with my seale, the xx=th= day of Decembr the xiiii=th=
+gere or our seid souereign lordis reign.

<S SAMPLE 20>
<P 322>
[} [\116\] }]

[}WALSYNGHAM}]

[} [\(B)\] }]

   A knyght clepyd Syr Raaff Boutetourt by
vyolens of his hors cam rydyng armed in at this
lytell posterne +gate, vnhurt by miracle of Our
Blyssed Lady, the yeer of Our Lord (\ml. ccc=mo= xiiii=o=\) .
   The postern +gate past not an elne hy and
iii quarteris in brede.

<P 323>
[} [\(C)\] }]

   Gabriel gretyng Our Lady; in the myddes of
the tabyll at the avter stante Our Lady, on eche syde
of her stante an angell, Seynt Edward, Seynt Kateryne
on the ryght hande, Seynt Edmond, Seynt Margarete on
the left hande; alle clene gold.

<S SAMPLE 21>
<P 327>
[} [\(D)\] }]
[}OBLIGACIO: I TO I}]

   Knowen to alle maner men me Roberd C. of
Norwiche in the comitye of Norffolk, barbour, to be
holden and be this my present obligacion bounden to
Richard N. of Yermothe, marchant, in xx li. xiii s.
iiii d. lawfull money of Englond to pay to +te seyd
Ric. N., or to his executouris, or to his certeyn
atturnyes, at +te ffest of the Purificacion of Oure
Lady the Vyrgyne next folwyng after this date present,
withowten ony delay other. Of that weche seyd payment
weell and treuly as it [{is{] aboven made, I bynde
me and myn executourys by this present. In wytnesse
of what thyng to this present myn seall haue putte.
Yoven the x day of the monyth of Marche, the yeer
and regne of Kyng Edward the iiii=te= after Conquest
the vi=te=.

[} [\(E)\] }]
[}II TO I}]

   Alle maner men schall aknowen vs Iohn M. of
<P 328>
Beclys in the comitye of Suffolk, carpenter, and
William S. of Mendham in the comitye of Norfolk,
yoman, to be holden and be this present obligacion
bounden to Raff Pye of Snetesham, ffuller, in xl li.
lawfull money of Englond, to be payed to the seyd
Raffe Pye, or to his executourys, or to his certeyn
atturnyes at +te ffest of Estern next folwyng after
+tis date present, withowten ony other delay. Of
+tat weche seyd payment weell and treuly as it is
aboven to be made, we bynden vs and eyther of vs be
oureself for the hole and in the payment, oure eyres
and executoures be this present. In wytnesse of what
thyng to +tis present oure seales we han putte. Yoven
the fourte day of the monyth of Ffeueryer, the yeer
and regne of Kyng Edward the Fourte after Conquest
of Ynglond the viii=te=.

[} [\(F)\] }]

<S SAMPLE 22>
<P 329>
   The condicion of this obligacyon is suche
that if wythinne bounden Thomas A. and Roberd N.
payen or elles don payen to withinne named Richard P.
and Symond R., to ther eyres or executours, or to
iche of ther sert atturnyes v marke at the festes
vnder forme folwyng: that is to seyn, at +te fest 
withinne wretyn xiii s. iiii d., and at +te fest of
Estern than next folwyng xiii s. iiii d., and so from
<P 330>
yer into yer on after another than continuall folwyng,
iche yeer at +te seyd festis of Our Lord and Estern 
xiii s. iiii d., till the seyd v marke so full be
payed, that than +te seyd wreten obligacion [{is{] to be
caste and for nought hadde. And if ony defaute be
in ony of the forseyd payment at ony of the festis
aboven seyd in parte or in all, ayens +te forme forseyd,
that than grauntyth and wullyth the forseyd
Thomas A. and Roberd N. be themself, eyres and ther
executours be +tis present that +te forseyd wreten
obligacion in all his strengtht schall stonde and
vertu, and so executed. 



<B CMMETHAM>
<Q MX/4 IS HANDO METHP>
<N PHYSIOGNOMY>
<A METHAM JOHN>
<C MX/4>
<O X>
<M 1420-1500>
<K X>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^METHAM, JOHN.
TEXT:  PHYSIOGNOMY.
THE WORKS OF JOHN METHAM INCLUDING
THE ROMANCE OF AMORYUS AND CLEOPES.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 132.
ED. H. CRAIG.
LONDON, 1916.
PP. 124.5 - 132.31  (SAMPLE 1)

METHAM, JOHN.
TEXT:  DAYS OF THE MOON.
Idem.
PP. 148.1 - 156.5   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 124>
   Blake browys, thei sygnyfye gret dysposycion to lecchery;
thei betokyn gret wyttys, hardenes allso off hert, and
hardynes.
   The eye lyddys sumtyme be fulle and in maner bolnyd off
kend, and sumtyme thei be thynne; qwereffore this ys the
sentens off myne autoure, - the ouerlyd off the eye, yff yt be
bolnyd, yt sygnyfyyt[{h{] a gret sleper; and yff yt be thynne,
yt sygnyffyith the contrary.
   The neder-lyd, yff yt be thyk and ful, yt sygnyfyith         #
hastynes
and sotelnes; yff yt be thinne, yt synyffyith the contrary.
   Here determynyth myne autoure of tokynnys off the eyn
most in specyal; for that thei be most euydent schewerrys
off man and womannys dysposycion in generally.
   In the begynnyng, ye schal conceyue that in euery hole
eye be thre partys: that ys, the qwyte or the balle off the
eye; the cerkyl or the roundel off the eye, the qwyche ys
sum-tyme graye lyke the ey off a catte, sumtyme lyke the
coloure off the fyrmament qwan the aer ys clere, sumtyme
blak grey lyke the eyn off doggys, sumtyme odyr colourrys,
as this chapetyr schal make mencion; the thyrd parte off
the ey ys the syte, the qwyche ys yn the myddys, off one
coloure alwey, the qwyche coloure ys blak; - and this ys 
the fyrst sentens of myne autour: 
   Eyn the qwyche be clene, as the drop off water schynyng,
thei sygnyfye lyberalte and kendnes off hert, yff so be that
odyr sygnys in the face acorde in godenes.
   Q[{w{]an the ballys off the eyn be smale, thei sygnyffye
dysceyuabylnes and sotelte off wytt, the qwyche be lykynnyd
to appys and foxys.
<P 125>
   Q[{w{]an the one balle of a man or womannys eye be
gretter than the odyr, yt betokynnyth malyce and
wykkydnes.
   Q[{w{]an the ballys off the eyn turne rownde in the hed as
a qwele, yt muste be lokyd qwydyr thei meue bothe one wey,
or ellys one one wey and a-nodyr a-nodyr wey; yff thei meue
bothe one wey, thei sygnyfye a passyng vycyus persone, and
fulle off crwell and euyl ymagynacionnys, and full off
vengauns, doyng manslaught: and yff sqwyche maner eyn
meue noght contynwally; but sumtyme thei meve inward,
and sumtyme aboute, and sumtyme stonde stylle, yt sygnyfyith
that her malycyus entent ys noght fulffyllyd; but that
thei reuolue yt in her mend; that ys to sey, her malyce ys
noght performyd in dede.
   Eyn the qwyche be fast meuyng, yff the lyddys meue
noght but qwan and qwan, thei betokyn sturdynes and boldnes
off spyryte.
   Q[{w{]an the ye lyddys meue faste in a manys or a womennys
talkyng, and the eyi selff meue noght, yt sygnyffyith
ferffulnes and faylyng off wyttys. 
   Thei that kepe her eyn stabyl, yff the coloure be pale off
the eyn and slepi or dedly, yff that persone meue hys brouys
in hys lokyng with a scharpe spyryte, yt sygnyfyith frowardnes,
onwysdam, and gret passyonnys off wrath.
   Thei that haue rede eyn, noght offtyn meuyng but stondyng
stedfastely, thei sygnyfye dysposycion to lecchery and ontrwth
and dysceyuabylnes.
   Eyn stondyng alluey with moystur, smale in qwantyte,
with a pleyn forhed, with meuyng eyelyddys, thei sygnyffye
a gode wyt and a retentyff, and wele dysposyd to lernyng.
   Eyn that meue faste and sodenly betokyn trobyl in that
persone that hath hem, and that he ys syspicyus, and in tho
thyngys the qwyche he purposyth to doo, longe or late to
perform hem; and yff that parsonys eye-lyddes meue as
faste as the ballys, yt sygnyffyith ferffulnes; and yff yt be
<P 126>
so that the eyn meue faster than the eye-lyddys, yt betokynnyth
that in a nede that persone ys hardy and trwe.
   Thei that haue slowe meuyng eyn in maner slepy, tho
personys be off harde wyttys, slow in the begynnyng, and
in the laste endyng hard.
   Qwer-ffore myne autoure enclyneth rather to fayre brygh[{t{]
eyn, meuyng fast than meuyng slowly, as to the sygnyffying
off wytty dysposycion.
   Eyn the qwyche meue be no certeyn cours, but meue
dyfferently, sum roundely, sumtyme endelyngys, yff the eyn
be grete and dymme, thei sygnyffyie ontemperatnes off
lecchery.
   And this ys a generall reule, that euery eyi that ys         #
continually
moyste ys more commendabyl and more in vertuus
sygnyffycacion, than that eye that apperyth drye.
   Spottys lyke perlys in the balle off the eye, that ys to sey
in the qwte off the eye, the qwych perlys or spottys be in
the circuyte, rede, sangwyne, or yelw, or qwyte, thei sygnyffye
enuyusnes, flatery, ontrwth, and dysceyuabylnes, and
dysposycion to alle euyl, off alle vycys; fore off alle         #
repreuabyl
sygnys thise spottys, lyke to bleynnys, be the werst,
qwat coloure sum-euer that thei be.
   Now myne autour spekyth off the cerkyl the qwyche
dyuydyth the qwyte off the eye in the be-holdyng fro the
syte; - the syte, as I seyd in the begynny[{n{]g, ys the rounde
blak spot in the myddys off yche seeyng eye.
   Thys cerkyl off sundry colourys in ych eye doth appere;
as blake, gray, and blw, lyke medely, the qwyche cerkyllys
in sum thyngys varyi in euery creature in sum tokynne:
qwer-ffore this tokyn muste nedys be wysely consedyrryd;
for-as-myche as yt ys specyal in this syens.
   Fyrst this ys the sygnyffycacion off browne cerkyllys,
the qwyche be clepyd blake eyn in commun langage; but
in this chapetur to swe myn autour, yt were noght proffytabyl
<P 127>
to the rederrys, noudyr to the hererrys. Qwerfore for
a ground I begynne thus:
   In euery man and womannys ey nest the qwyte, ther ys
a cerkyl off sundry colourys, yff ye beholde yt wysely,
the qwyche cerkyl hath a streys brede nere in sum eye, but
yt ys chongabyl and varying in euery eye. And in this
cerkyl, yff yt be wysely beholde, yt stondyth ful off spottys,
alle maner off colourys representyng; but in specyal a fatyd
blw, and a fatyd blak, that in specyal this cerkyl stondyth
by; and be-syde thise ther be in that cerkyl pale spottys, 
or yewlu, or very red, or lyke to a rede that ys fatyd, or
sangwyne, or dunne, or blwe; the qwyche colourys haue
dyuerse sygnyffycacionnys, as I schal expres in this chapetur.
   And ye schal conseyue that this hope in sundry eyn ys
colouryd lyke the reynbow, noght with spottys, but one
cerkyl with-in a-nodyr off sundry colourys. Moreouer, in
euery eye wele dysposyd ther be tweyn lynys departyng this
hope fro odyr partys off the eye; that ys to sey, fro the
qwyte and fro the bal, the qwyche ys clepyd acyes; that ys
to say, the scharp or the syte. This reule muste be vndyrstode,
that ye may the more clerely vndyrstond odyr folwyng. 
   And alwey consyder this, that the most effecte, qwedyr
yt be in gode or euyl, ys yff thise forseyd colourys be in
her owne kend; that ys to sey, a rede, the qwyche ys namyd
rede in this syens, to be very rede in hys kend, and so off
alle colourys; for yff yt be so that myne autoure rehers,
that he the qwyche hath rede lynys in the qwyte off hys
eye, yff that rede be in hys kende, the betokynnyng ys the
more effectual in euyl. Now affter myn autoure thus he
be-gynnyth:
   Blake eyn, the qwyche be in her kend, betokyn onmyghtynes
off vertuus strengh, and euyl wyldnes, and
dysposyd to gret getyng, and euer ther-vpon gredy, the
<P 128>
qwyche be namyd in Grwe (\thopotyoy\) . Be-syd thise blake
eyn ther be odyr namyd blake yin, the qwyche qwan thei
be sodenly beholdyn thei seme blake; for be that coloure
thei stond most: but in thise yin ther be rede spottys,
noght verry red in hys kend; but as a fatyd coloure.
Thise betokyn a keend and a gentyl hert, dysposyd to
honeste, and to rygtfulnes, and to haue a gret wytte, and
to be hardy. And in sqwyche blake eyn, yff ther be spottys
very reede and noght rounde, in maner rede as fyre, and
with-in tho spottys ther be odyr off pale coloure, and odyr
cerkyllys off yelw coloure with-in aboute the syte off the
ye, qwydyr the balle off the ye be off blody coloure, or
pale or with pyrlys; yff also sqwyche maner off yin meue
fast, with-owte meuyng of the eye-lyddys, kepyng hem
alwey opyn, - in that persone regnyth alle euyl dyspocycion
off hastynes, and malyce, and crwelnes. And doctour
Palemon, be exsampyl, concludyth vpon this tokyn in hys
tragedy, the thyrd metyr, vp-on Herculys, qwere he
begynnyth (\in aladis oculis\) . Cerkyllys blake in the qwyche
ther appere sangwyne dropys or pale, conioynyd or medyld,
euyl dysposycion and leccherusnes, thei betokyn; and the
more pale that thei be, the more hardynes thei sygnyffye off
sleyng off men, and vse off lecchery. But this ys the
certytude off thise tokynnys: That the more apperyng and
the bryter off colourrys that thise dropys be, the gretter
euyl off crwelnes and malice and vycyus lyuyng thei betokyn
in euery complexion.
   A lytyl cerkyl off rede in a moyste eye with-owte
scharpnes off coloure, yff no schappe off scharpenes
appere ouer that cerkyl, yt sygnyffyith wysdam and ryghtffulnes
and a gret wytt. And yff afftyr this blak cerkyl
a pale cerkyl folw, yt sygnyffyith dysceyuabylnes and
theuyschnes, nygardchyp, and leccherushed. And offtyn
yt happyith that ther be as many colourrys in the cerkyl
as apperrys in the reynbow; qwerffore yff sqwyche colourys
<P 129>
appere in the eye, the qwyche in the beholdyng ys drye thei
sygnyffye madnes. And yff yt be so that this tokyn appere
in a moyst eye, yt sygnyfyith gret hastynes, wysdam, and
redynes to lecchery.
   Qwan yt ys so that the eye in qwantyte be noght smalle,
that ys to sey in opynnyng, in the grettnes off the
balle, ner off the cerkyl, ner off the syght, yff the eye
be noght fyx in consydyrracion, yt betokynnyth stabylnes
off purpose. Eyn the qwyche meuyn vppward, as thow
thei schuld beholde the fyrmament, thei sygnyfye maddenes
and dysyrys off the flesch. And yff sqwyche maner eyn
be offtyn twynkylyng, the[{i{] sygnyfye the more malice.
Also sqwyche maner off eyn, yff thei be off pale coloure,
thei sygnyffye so hasty dysposycion, that ther folowyth         #
manslaught.
And yff sqwyche maner off eyn be-ffore rehersyd
be gret in qwantyte and red off coloure, the[{i{] sygnyffye
gret bosturrys and gret dysposycion to lecchery and
temperatnes off speche and grettenes off voyse; and the
most dysposycion to alle vycys regnyth in tho personys the
qwyche haue sqwyche maner off eyn. Eyn turnyng bakward
in here meuyng, as folk do qwanne thei begynne to slepe,
thei [{sygnyfye{] onmekenes, and that yt ys grete dyffyculte
to plese sqwyche personys, thei be so froward. Eyn the
qwyche ben clepyd gogyl-eyn, yff her meuyng be owteward
to the rygh[{t{] syde, and the stondyng off the syte be the
same wey, the[{i{] sygnyffye foltyschnes; and yff thei meue to
the lyffte syde, the[{i{] sygnyffye gret dysposycion to         #
lecchery.
   And yff sqwyche maner off eyn, that ys to sey gogyl-eyn,
haue her meuyng to the nose-ward, yff thei be moyste
and yff the browys mete nyghe to-gydyr, thei [{sygnyfye{]
lecchery and lyberalnes and kendnes. And yff they be
drye and myche staryng, the[{i{] sygnyffye onclennes and
wykkydnes. And yff sqwyche maner off eyn be alwey
twynkelyng, thei sygnyffye that he dar noght thynke no
<P 130>
wykkydnes ner frowardnes. Euery holle eye, be sympyl
sygnyfycacion, betokynyth euyl; and qwan thei be grete
and moyste, that tokyn reuokyth the vyce off the                #
betokynny[{n{]g.
Smale eyn, qwan thei be holle, thei sygnyffye
enuyusnes. Eyn meuyng nere gret in qwantyte with rede
lynys in the qwyght, thei sygnyffye ferffulnes and flatery.
   Schynyng eyn and in maner styrtyng aboute, yff thei be
pasyng grete, thei acord to the dysposycion off ryghtffulnes
and wodenes. But qwan thei be of amenabyl gretnes, moyste
and schynyng, thei sygnyffye gret nobylnes and gret             #
ymagynacionnys
off wysdam, dysposycion also to wrathe and to
drynkyng off wyne, gret dysyre off wurchyp; also thei
sygnyfye manffulnes and hardynes; - and sqwyche maner off 
eyn, myne mayster Offaryas seyth, Alysaundyr the conqweroure
had. Eyn the qwyche be dymme, in maner to folkys
beholdyng semyblynd, thei sygnyffye ontrwth; qwerfore in
this syens euery bryght eye ys preysyd. Eyn the qwyche be
scharp of loke, qwan thei be moyste, thei sygnyfye dysposycion
to werre and to stryfe and off boldenes off hert;
and sqwyche personys schuld be delyuyr in alle here werkys
and wele auysyd, but yit thei schuld be schrewysch. And
thei that loke scharply with smale eyn, holle and drye, thei
be enuyus with-owte dyscrecion, qwan thei be meuyd,             #
sotelwyttyd.
This tokyn is more in the effecte qwan the
forehed hangyth ferre ouer the eyn and the browys, gret
bothe in qwantyte off flesch, and off herys gret multytude.
Eyn the qwyche twynkyl and in maner lawgh with the
chere, yff the eye off the self be drye, thei sygnyffye gret
malyce. But this myne autour gretly doth note, that qwan
the eyn smyle with the chere, yff the chekys, the browys,
and the forhed meue and chonge in-to gladnes, this maner
off laughyng ys repreuabyl; for sqwyche personys thei
mene euyl and be ful off dysseyt; - extorcionerys,              #
forsqwerrerys,
and wayterrys to deprehend men off here speche,
and in her talkyng to reporte euyl iff owte thei can gete
<P 131>
to iangyl off hem be-hynd hem to hyndyr hem; for the
malyce off hem ys so grete, that yff thei myght slee a man
with a word thei wold do yt. Myne autour seyth that in
hys dayis he knwe many sqwyche personys that had this
maner off laughyng, the qwyche personys yaue hem-selff
for malyce to be vengyd, thral and bond, to the kynge
off Egyppte, fro ther owne kyng; and he dampnyth this
tokyn off alle tokynnys, seyng that thiis tokynis be trwe
with-owte more addycacionnys. And I that tran[{s{]late
this boke adde this off uery knowyng off personys lyuyng in
my days: Among alle Englysch men I fynd many Northffolk
men the qwyche haue this maner off laughyng; that I know
be dysseyuabyl and fals off here behestys, passyng enuyus
and fulle off malyce and euer onstedffaste, ontrw, and ful
off lesyngys. Qwereffore as myne autourrys, - Arystotyl the
gret phylysophyr, and Arystotyl the secunde, kyngys sone
off Cryse, and Loxy, Phylemon, and Palemon dampne this
tokyn, ryght so I dampne yt, counselyng them that schal
rede this boke off alle sqwyche, for thei be noght to trost
vpon, to be-ware.
   More-ouer, thei that in maner loke morny[{n{]gly             #
contynnually,
and make a solen chere off dysposycion natural, and
noght off pride, yff sqwyche a personys eyn be moyste, yt
ys a tokyn off gret stody and gret laboure in many syens;
and this tokyn ys moste trwe qwan the browys be pleyn,
with a pleyn forhed. And yff yt be so that sqwyche a sad
chere hath drye eyn, with a frounyng forhed, and a scharp
loke, yt ys a tokyn off hastynes and off gret hardynes.
Eyn the qwyche be contynually halff closyd and offtyn 
speryd with knyttyng off browys, thei sygnyffye euyl
condycionnys off tecchys, theuysch. Eyn the qwyche be
myche styrtyng a-boute, thei sygnyfye thoutys off inwarde
troubyl or off vanyte; but the maner off thowghtys,
<P 132>
qwedyr thei be off gode or off euyl, be thise tokynnys ye
schal knowe: for yff thei be moyst and schynyng, yff thei
be gret in qwantyte, yff thei stond fere inward, yff thei
be meke in the beholdyng, and soffte, thise tokynnys be
off gode thowghtys; and yff thei be drye and dymme,
smale, holle, harde, thei sygnyffye euyl thowghtys and
ymagynacionnys.
   Eyn the qwyche stare alwey, gret off qwantyte, thei
betokyn vanyte and dulnes off wytt and frowardnes and
leccherushed. Eyn the qwyche meue stylly, and offte stonde
stylle demurely, and louely, sumqwat moyst in the beholdyn,
tho personys be meke, stodyerrys in vertuusnes and louyng;
and sqwyche maner off eyn be pale or rede, with drynes,         #
the[{i{]
sygnyffy gret hastynes and dysposycion to wodenes. Eyn the
qwyche be purblynde naturally betokyn gredynes, intemperatnes,
onwysdam and dysposycion to thefft. They that
haue browys hangyn ouer the eyn, and in her speche meue
bothe the eye-lyddys with the ballys, tho personys be ferfful.
They that meue and lyfft vp the browys and the lyddys and
sone letyth them falle, thei be dysyrerys off beute and         #
fayrenes.
   Sumtyme yt happyth that the ouyr eye-lyd ys rysyng in
the myddys in the maner off a tryangyl, thus [^FIGURE           #
OMITTED^] ; yt sygnyffyith
men-sleerrys and ontrwe keperys off wedlok. The
herys off the eye-lyddys, qwan thei be styff and blak, in an
euyl-dysposyd face be physnomy, thei make bettyr the 
tokynnys, and thei adde to the sygnyfycacionys off prosperyte,
sygnyfying strengh off hert and god dysposycion off the
spyrytuwal membrys. Thus I leue off the tokynnys off the
eyn, thow yt be so that here I determyne nowght fully; but
be thise tokynnys yche wyse vndyrstonder off this boke schal
perceyue myche more. 

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q MX/4 IS HANDA METHD>
<N DAYS OF MOON>
<A METHAM JOHN>
<C MX/4>
<O X>
<M 1420-1500>
<K X>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB ASTRONOMY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>

<P 148>
[} [\DAYS OF THE MOON\] }]

   As Haly wyttnessyth, the gret astrolegere, off days namyd
cretyk, the qwyche he calkyllyd, and drof owte be
gret conclusyonnys off astronomye, qwyche schuld be moste
fortunate to the vse off man, as the days of yche mone; for
he concludyth be sundry resunnys, that the mone schuld,
for her propynqwyte, sundry in-dysposycion off nature           #
werkyngys,
cause; schuld also in ther regyon haue more strengh,
qwere sche hath domyny, than in an odyr, off werkyng.
And this tretys ys compylyd to yeff knowlech to the lysterys,
qwyche days be moste expedyent to begynne ony werk vp-on,
to take vyage ouer the see, to blede for ony sekenes, to knowe
qwat schuld be-falle off hym that sekenyth in ony day off
the mone, and off odyr thingys yt tretyth, as the rederrys
schal fynde: - fyrste asay this tretys and so appreue yt,
quod Jon Metham.
   (\Diuersis de causis phi determinauere prima dies cretica 
etc.\)
   The fyrste day off the mone ys fortunat to begynne euery
god werk vpon; in qwyche wordys ye schal conseyue alle
wor[{l{]dely occupacionnys excepte the excepcionys here         #
foluyng,
the qwyche ben expressyd in the chapetrys here
foluyng:
   That persone that ys born the fyrste day off the mone
schuld be dysposyd to be wyse and dyscrete and longe
lyffyd, dysposyd to haue gret vexacion and gret labour; but
he schuld be gret labour owercome yt at the laste; that persone
the qwyche takyth ony actual sekenes that day schuld
long be vexyd ther-with, but at the laste he schuld with gret
hardedes skape yt; qwat that a man dreme that nyght, but
<P 149>
yff yt were off dede bodyis or off cartys, yt schuld turne to
gode; but this day, for no nede, a man schuld blede; but
yff so a body were take with a pestylens agwe, a body
schuld noght blede for none odyr infyrmyte.
   The secunde day off the mone ys prosperus to begynne
alle werkys vpon; he that weddyth a wyfe that [{day{] schuld
lyffe longe with hys wyffe in prosperyte for the moste parte;
this day ys apte to calkulerys, yff so be that the sunne be in
the hows off Saturne; he that ys born that day schulde come
to wurchyp and be dysposyd to vertu; yff a man or a woman
take sekenes that day, they schuld sone recouer; qwat that
a man dreme schuld be but vanyte; vp-on that day ys good
bledyngys.
   The thyrd day off the mone ys noght fortunat to begynne
ony werke vp-on, for oudyr the werke schuld myscheue, or
be ongratyus, or ellys yt schuld come to a froward ende;
a man schuld no iurney take vp-on this day; yff a man take
sekenes that day, late or neuer he schuld recouer; he that
ys born that day schuld be dysposyd to thefft and couetyse,
and dey myscheuusly; yt ys parel to blede vp-on that day. 
   The fourthe day ys gode to begynne euery wordly ocupacion,
and prync[{i{]pally to seke spryngys for wellys off 
water, to seke also veynys off metel, and mynys off sonde,
grauel, and cley; he that ys born that day schuld gretly be
dysposyd to lecchery, and he schuld haue gret vexsacion,
but he schuld wele ouercome yt; yt ys gode that day to take
vyage ouer the see, yff the wynde wul serue; he that fallyth
seke vp-on this day schuld sone dey; for nede a man myght
blede vp-on this day, betwene .ij. at afternone and .iij.
   The fyfte day ys noght spedeful to begynne ony werk
vp-on; he that ys born that day schuld be lunatyk or ellys
foltysch; he that falyth seke that day but yff he amend within
xxiiij=ti= hourys, he schuld sone dey; yt ys perlyus to pase
the see that day; qwat that a man dreme that nyght afftyr 
mydnygh[{t{] schuld falle the neste day be sum symylytude;
<P 150>
but myne autore forbedyth a man to telle hys dreme tyl the
effecte falle; that day ys gode bledyng afftyr vnderne.
   The .vj. day off the mone ys lukky for hem that wul go
an-huntyng and haukyng, yff the wedyr be temperat; he
that ys born that day schuld be happy, to, goode, bolde,
hardy, and wyse; yff a woman were born that day, sche
schuld be fortunat to haue goode husbondys; yff a man falle
in-to sekenes that day, yt schuld contynw longe tyme, but at
the laste, in a coniuncion off the sunne and the mone, he
schuld skape yt; and qwat that a man or a woman dreme,
yt schuld be-falle with-in that yere; that day ys gode to
begynne edyfying of placys, and to begynne alle odyr werkys,
and eke to blede.
   The .vij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on;
that persone [{that ys born{] that day schuld be dysposyd to
be sotel off wytt and dyuerse off condycionnys and chongabyl,
and dysposyd to lyfe longe; and yff a body falle in-to sekenes
that day, he schuld sone r[{e{]couer; and [{qwat that{]
a man dremyth schuld turne to trwthe with-in half a yere;
yt ys spedeful that day to go a wowyng, and specyally yff
the planete off Venus be in the .x. yere off her cours regnyng.
   The viij ys fortunat to alle verkys; he that ys born that 
day schuld gretly be dysposyd to lecchery and to getyng off
gode for a tyme, and afftyr that persone schuld haue gret
travel and be schamyd, or he deyd; yff a man falle in sekenes
that day, he schuld with-in foure days recouer and hele,
or ellys dey; that day ys fortunat to pase the see with         #
marchaundyse,
yff the wynde serue; and qwat that a man 
dremyth that nyght schuld turne to trwth, be sum symylytude;
that day ys gode bledyng, aboute .iij. aftyr-none.
   The .ix. day of the mone ys happy to begynne alle werkys
vp-on; he that ys born that day schulde be gracyus and come
to worchyp, and be dysposyd to haue gret wytt; qwat that
a man dremyth that day, the symylytude schuld be-tyde
with-in .xij. days foluyng; thei that falle in-to sekenes that
<P 151>
day communly recure; that day, for no nede, no man schuld
blede, but for pestylens.
   The .x. day ys gode to begynne alle werkys, to make
cunnauntys, to pase with marchaundyse the see, and to
wedde a wyffe; he that ys born that day schuld neuer be
stedfast, but alwey wandryng fro one cuntre to a-nodyr,
neuer that persone schuld haue prosperyte; he that takyth
sekenes vp-on that day, with-in .viij. dayis schuld recure or
ellys dey; yt ys gode bledyng vp-on that dey; qwat that
a man dremyth that nyght schuld turne to vanyte.
   The .xj. day ys gode to begynne alle werkys; he that ys
borne that day schuld be fortunat to gode and a gret            #
purchasour,
kend off hert, sad and stabyl; he that fallyth seke
vp-on that day schuld sone recouyr; this day ys happy to by
and to selle vp-on, and yt ys fortunat to sett chyldyr to
skole, and to wedde a wyfe; qwat that nyght a man dremyth
schuld turne to trwth with-in foure days, be summe symylytude;
yt ys gode bledyng vp-on this day.
   The .xij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on,
but moste in specyall for them that wul calkyl and coniure
and take syngulere bateyle vp-on, to take vyage ouer the
see, to bye and to selle; he that fallyth seke that day schuld,
late or neuyr, recouer; qwat that a man dremyth that day
or nyght, yt schuld turne to trwth; yt ys gode bledyng that
day, at .iiij. afftyr-none.
   The .xiij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys, jn
specyal for astronomerys to calcule; a man-chyld that ys
born that day schuld be dysposyd to be evyl tecchyd and
to be angry and vycyus, but he schuld lyue but schort tyme;
a woman that ys born that day schuld gretly be dysposyd to
lecchery, or ellys sche schuld dey sone aftyr her byrth; qwat
that a man dremyth schuld turne to trwth with-in .viij.
wekys; yt ys gode bledyng vp-on that day.
   The .xiiij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys; he
that ys born that day schuld be dysposed to be wyse and
ryche and stronge and schort off lyfe; yff a man falle in-to
<P 152>
sekenes that day, he schuld neuer recouer; a man may for
nede blede for alle sekenes vp-on this day.
   The .xv. day ys noght spedeful to be-gynne ony werke
vp-on, for yt ys oncracyus; and myne autour seyth that a
man schuld send hys seruaunt on no massage to spede wele
vp-on this day; he that ys born that day schuld be dysposyd
to be stronge, manly, and hardy; and owdyr he schuld be
slayne or drounyd; and yff a man falle yn-to sekenes, yt
schuld cont[{i{]nue longe; qwat that a man dremyth schuld
turne but to fantasye; that day ys gode bledynng, before
none.
   The .xvj. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on to
bye, and to selle, and to wedde a wyfe; he that ys born
that day schuld be dysposyd to be gracyus and trwe, and of
longe lyfe, but he schuld noght be ryche; he that fallyth to
sekenes that day schuld be longe seke, but at the laste he
schuld recure; qwat that a man dremyth that nyght, the
symylytude schuld falle with-in .iij. yere; yt ys gode bledyng
that day.
   The .xvij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on;
he that ys born that day schuld be off gode condycionnys
and meke and neuer but lytyl in trowbyl, but alwey lyfe
in prosperyte, longe tyme; this day ys profytabyl to bye
and to selle vp-on, to pase the see with marchaundyse, and
to wedde a wyfe; he that fallyth seke that day schuld longe
contynwe in hys sekenes, but at the laste with gode gouernauns
he schuld skape yt; qwat that a man dremyth that
nyght schuld turne to trwthe; a man that day schuld noght
blede but fore pestylens.
   The .xviij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on;
he that ys born that day schuld be malycyus, dysposyd to
malyce, and froward off condycionys, and dysposyd to pride,
but he schuld lyue but schort tyme; he that fallyth seke
that day schuld be longe seke and off hard recouer; qwat
<P 153>
that a man that nyght dremyth schuld turne to trwth be
sum symylytude; yt ys no bledyng that day.
   The .xix. day ys gode and happy to begynne alle werkys 
vp-on, in specyal to bye and to selle, and to pase the see;
he that ys born that day schuld be dysposyd to be wyse and
trwe and euer to lyve in prosperyte; thow a man falle in-to
sekenes that day, he schuld sone recouer; yt ys perlyus to
blede that day.
   The .xx. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on;
he that ys born that day schuld gretly encrece in worldely
goodys, and be dysposyd to be sotel off wytt and fortunat;
also he that fallyth seke that day schuld dye with-in .viij.
owrys, yff he were born that day, or ellys with-in a monthe.
   The .xxj. day ys fortunat; he that ys born that day
schuld be myghty off complexcion, and off gret wytt, dysposyd
to lecchery and to many odyr vycys; he that fallyth
seke that day schuld dey off that sekenes; and qwat that
a man dremyth that nyght schuld turne to trwth be sum
symylytude; yt ys gode to blede that day.
   The .xxij. day ys on-gracyus to begynne ony werke vp-on,
saue only to bye and to selle; yt ys parel to pase the see
on that day; he that ys born that day schuld gretly be
dysposyd to lecchery, dysposyd eke to haue gret troubyl;
yff a man take sekenes that day, he schuld dye ther-off; and
qwat that nyght a man dremyth schuld turne to trwth be
sum symylytude; yt ys proffytabyl to blede that day.
   The .xxviij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on;
he that ys born that day schuld gretly be dysposyd to vycys,
and moste in specyalle to lecchery, and he schuld dye           #
myscheuusly;
yt ys prosp[{er{]us that day to pase the see with
marchaundyse, and to wedde a wyfe; he that fallyth seke
that day schuld sone dey, or with-in .xxiiij. hourys recouer;
qwat that a man dremyth schuld turne to trwth be sum
symylytude; for no nede a man schuld blede.
   The xxiiij=ti= day ys gode to begynne euery werke vp-on; he
that ys born that day schuld be wyse and come to wurchyp,
<P 154>
and be dysposyd to be a man of werre; and yff yt be a
woman that be born on that day, sche schuld haue sundry
husbondys and be ryche and come to gret wurchyp; this
day ys profytabyl to bye and to selle vp-on, to pase the see
with marchaundyse, and to go on pylgrimage; he that takyth
sekenes that day schuld sone recouer; and qwat froward
dreme a body haue, yt schuld turne to no trwth; yt ys gode
bledyng this day.
   The .xxv. day ys fortunat to go on huntyng, to bye and
to selle; he that ys born that day schuld be couetus and
meruulus off condycionnys, and alwey be in nede and pouerte,
and neuer stedffast, but alwey wandryng fro one cuntre to
a-nodyr; yt ys parel to pase the see this day; this day ys
eke in-ffortunat to begynne ony thing vp-on, excepte this
thingys expressyd be-ffore; yff man or woman falle seke
vp-on this day, they schuld neuer be clene ther-off; qwat
that a man dremyth schuld turne to truth with-inne foure
dayis; yt ys gode to blede that day.
   The .xxvj. day ys for to hunte vp-on for dere in forestys,
but yt ys noght fortunat to wedde a wyfe, noudyr to pase
the see, ner fortunat to begynne ony werke vp-on; he that
ys born that day schuld fynde grace in womennys eysyte;
he schuld be dysposyd to be hardy [{and{] wyse; yff a man
take sekenes that day, he schuld noght scape yt; yt ys parel
to blede that day.
   The .xxvij. day ys fortunat to begynn alle werkys vp-on;
he that ys born that day schuld be dysposyd to be wyse
and trwe, and he schuld haue many frendys, and be gracyus
and god off gouernauns; he that fallyth in-to sekenes that
day schuld longe be seke, but at the laste recouer; and qwat
that a man dremyth schuld turne to trwthe be sum symylytude;
yt ys noght proffytabyl to blede that day.
   The .xxiij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on;
qwat chyld that be born that day schuld lyue with gret
trauel, euer bysy and euer in trybulacion, but he schuld be
<P 155>
ryght trwe off condycionnys; he that fallyth in-to sekenes
schuld longe be vexyid ther-with, but at the laste he schuld
skape yt; yt ys no gode bledyng that day.
   The .xxix. day ys nowder gode ner fortunat to begyne ony
werke vp-on; a manchyld that ys born that day schuld be
fortunat to gret wurchyp, but he schuld be dysposyd to
lecchery, and he schuld be made thru maryage; yff a woman
be born that day, sche schuld be demure and beuteus and
schamfast, and sche schuld come to gret wurchyp yn maryage;
yff a man falle in-to sekenes that day, he schuld sone 
recure; and qwat that a man dremyth schuld turne to gode;
a man may blede that day.
   The .xxx. day ys fortunat to set chyldyr to scole, to bye
and to selle, to fabryffye howsys, and to begyn alle worldly
ocupacionnys; and to pase the see with marchaundyse; he
that ys born that day schuld be dysposyd to be wyse, and
gretly to be louyd off women for semlynes off persone and
beute off face; and yff yt be a mayde that be born that
day, sche schuld be amyabyl and semly and come to gret 
wurchyp; yff man or woman take sekenes that day, thei
schuld sone recouer; and off qwat that nyght a body dremyth
[{yt{] schuld turne to trwthe; yt ys gode bledynng that day.
   But off this boke off destenyis ye schal conceyue,           #
noght-with-stondyngys,
that here ys wrytyn how a man or woman
schuld be dysposyd that be born sundry days off the mone,
qwydyr to wurchyp or infortune; ye schal noght syngulerely
for trwth take yt that yt schuld be so; for euyl rwele may
cause that a man schal neuer come to wurchyp, thow he be
born to come to wurchyp; and off inffortune vndyr the lyke
forme.
   But this ye may yeue for trwthe, as for a ryght dome,
that yff a man or a woman be born on sqwyche a day off the
mone, ye schal [{conceyue that{] he ys, or sche ys, dysposyd
so as to haue wurchyp, or ellys troubyl. And off odyr thingys,
ye must loke that the tyme be resonabyl; for men vse noght
<P 156>
begynne ner to do ony worldly ocupacionys on holy days,
ner men be noght myche vsyd to blede in wynter, noudyr to
pase the see in tempestys; qwereffore a consyderacion in alle
thingys muste be had, be dyscrecion and resun. quod Jon
Metham. 



<B CMCHAULI>
<Q MX/4 EX SCIM CHAUL>
<N CYRURGIE>
<A X>
<C MX/4>
<O X>
<M 1420-1500>
<K X>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE MEDICINE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE CYRURGIE OF GUY DE CHAULIAC.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 265.
ED. M. S. OGDEN.
LONDON, 1971.
PP. 56.26 - 65.7    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 576.1 - 583.2   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 56>
[}THE 6=TE= CHAPITLE, OF +TE ANOTHOMYE OF +TE WOMBE AND OF HIS
PARTIES.}]

   The wombe is euene-voycely departed in two, as of +tis       #
present.
Firste, it is taken for +tat +tat +te Arabyque translacioun     #
clepe+t
it, +te stomak. +Te stomak forso+te in +te translacioun of      #
Grew is
cleped mery or ysophagus. In +te Arabique translacioun +te      #
stomak
forso+te is cleped +te wombe. In +te secounde, it is taken for  #
al +te
regioun of +te nutrityues, and so it is taken here.
   Aboute +te whiche seche we, after Mundyne, +too 9
+tinges +te whiche be+t sou+gt in o+ter membres. First, of his  #
general
pocicioun and site, it seme+t +tat it is of +te regioun of +te  #
spiritual
<P 57>
membres. Of +te particuler pocycyoun and si+gte, seynge +tat    #
+te
mow+te parte +terof is toward +te forcelle (+te whiche olde     #
men cleped
+te precordial), +te parte of +te stomak is +terfro at +tre     #
fynger brede
nygh +te wombe. The wombe parte or sumealis is fro +te nauel
dounward. +Te ypocondres be+t fro +te side vnder +te rybbes,    #
+te
ylyons forso+te ben aboue +te haunches.
   The nombre of +te parties of +te wombe and +te anothomye
+terof may not wel be seyn but as it was saide aboue. Be +te    #
wombe
opened after +te leng+te and ouer+twarte. And it is so open,    #
by +te
conteynynge parties considered and partes conteyned. The        #
conteyninge
partes in +te former partie bee+t myrac and syfac, and +te
hynder partye bee+t +te 5 spondiles of +te reynes and +te       #
flesche
iputte to ham. Myrac is made substancially of 4 partes, +tat    #
is to
say, of a skynne, of fatnesse, of a fleschy pannycle, and of    #
muscles
of the whiche comen cordes. Syphac is but a pannycle            #
wi+tynneforth
drawynge to +tilke myrac. Of +te whiche +tinges, differens
appereth bytwene myrac and syphac.
   The conteyned parties bee+t 7: first is zirbus, +tan +te     #
intestestynes,
and after, +te stomak, +te lyuer, +te mylte, +te mesenterie     #
and +te
reynes, for +te bledder and +te moder schal be saide in +te     #
anothomye
of +te haunches. Of the whiche it is to pursewe by ordre. And
firste, of +te skynne, of +te fatnesse and of +te fleschy       #
pannycle, it is
knowen to alle men.
   Brawnes bee+t made in +te wombe for to streng+te. And        #
+terwith
+tay helpen o+ter membres to caste oute her superfluytees (i.   #
fil+tes).
And +tay bee+t 8 in nombre, after Galien in (\4=to= De          #
Vtilitate\) and
(\6=to= Terapeutice\) , +tat is to say, two longitudinales (i.  #
longe synowes),
goyng fro +te schelde of +te stomak vnto +te bones of +te       #
reynes, and
two latitudynalles (i. brode synowes), goyng fro +te bak aboue  #
+te
wombe, +twartynge hemself by +te myddel of +te wombe to 4       #
for+tri+gt
and ouer+twartynge corners. Wherof two springen
of +te ribbes of +te ri+gt side, and +tai passen to +te left    #
side of +te hepe
bone and of +te schare. And o+ter two spryngen of +te lefte     #
ribbes,
passynge to +te ri+gt side of +te forsaide bones, in crossynge  #
ham by
+te myddel of +te wombe to +te schappe of +te lettre x.
   Thise muscles ikuytte and lefte vp, syphac appereth, +te     #
whiche
<P 58>
is cleped perytoneum. And it is saide of pary, +tat is aboute,  #
and
of tendo, +tat is goyng, as it were goynge aboute. +Te whiche   #
is
a ful neruouse pannycle, sutil and harde, and +tat for +tey     #
schulde
lette +tat +te muscles schulde not +triste the natural          #
membres, and
+tat it may be spred and constreyned to +te kynde of o+ter      #
membres,
and +tat it be not li+gtly broken and +tat +te contentes schal  #
not goo
out, as it happe+t in crepatures (i. burstynges), and +tat it   #
schulde
bynde +te intestynes to +te bak. And it is ordeyned +tat it     #
schulde
helpe +te membres to caste out +to +tinges +tat bee+t to be     #
caste oute.
And so is +te disposicioun schewed of +te conteynynge parties   #
of
+tilke wombe.
   Of +te whiche it is schewed +tat Galien sai+t in (\6=to=     #
Terapeutice\)
+tat woundynges and kyttynges ben more perilouse and more harde
aboute +te myddel of +te wombe +tan aboute sides, for +too      #
parties
of +te intestynes be+t more drawynge togedre and able to passe
for+te +tan +tat o+ter parties. It seme+t also +tat, in +te     #
woundes of +te
wombe persynge, but if siphac be sewede wi+t myrac, gode        #
incarnacioun
schal not be made.
   +Tise +tinges iseyne, it is to goo to +te contentes          #
wi+tynne +te
wombe, where +tat zirbus come+t first, +tat is cleped of Galien
omentum or ephiglotum, of epy, +tat is aboue, and plenum, +tat  #
is
to seme, as it were semynge aboue al. The whiche is a pannycle
wrappynge and coueryng +te stomak and intestynes wi+t two       #
+tikke
and sotil tunycles to ham iputte togidre, ordeyned of many
arteries, of veynes and nou+gt of litel fatnesse, to hete +te   #
forsaide
membres and +te ribbes, in (\4=to= De Vtilitate, capitulo 14.\) #
Whos
bygynnynge is of +te parties after +te bak of +te peritone. Of  #
+te
whiche +te forsaide periles ben schewed when it goo+t
oute in woundes of +te wombe, for it is li+gtliche altrede for  #
+te fatnesse.
And it is to be bounden and nou+gt kytte, dredyng +te
emorogye, after Galien in (\Terapeutice, loco prealligato\) .
   After forso+te, for +tat +te intestynes letten +te si+gt of  #
+te anothomye
of o+ter membres, of ham is to be saide. The intestynes         #
forso+te ben
wroght of two tunycles to fulfille +te firste digestioun,       #
i-ordeyned
to +geue chilum (i. +te dygeste mater) to +te lyuer, medlynge   #
+te vynes
myserayces, and to putte oute +te stynkynge superfluyte.
<P 59>
   The nombre of +te intestynes is 6. And +togh +tay be alle    #
contynue,
neuer+telatter +tei haue dyuers schappes and offices, by +te    #
whiche
+tai bee+t departed, +tat is to say, 3 smale and as many        #
grete, whos
cathologe is put of Galien, (\4=to= De Vtilitate, capitulo      #
26=o=\) . The
firste gutte forso+te after +te wombe is +te portonarye or +te  #
duodene.
The secounde, (\ieiunium,\) +te ieiune. +Te 3 is subtile (i.    #
+te smalle
gutte). +Te four+te is +te blynde gutte. +Te 5, coloun. +Te 6   #
is of +te
euene gutte, in +te whiche be+t muscles after +te ende, +te     #
whiche
rwelen +te superfluytees.
   And +tat +te anothomye may be +te bettre seyne, it is to     #
begynne
at +te laste gutte, +tat is cleped rectum, +te euen gutte or    #
(\longaon\) .
And for +te drastes schal not lette, be it ibounden toward +te  #
ouer
ende in two places. And be it kytte in +te myddel of the        #
byndynge,
and by +te lower parte ilefte. And be it proceded in            #
vnfleschynge
til it come nygh +te flankes, where +te gutte colon bygynne+t,  #
+tat is
grete and holowe, in +te whiche +te feces (i. drastes) taken    #
her
fourme or colour. And it ha+t wel two arme leng+te, and it      #
bowe+t
toward +te lefte reyne. And in ascendynge toward +te mylte, it
turne+t a+geyne itself in +te fur+ter partie to +te ri+gt side  #
of +te stomak
vnder +te +tridde mantel of +te lyuer, where it resceyue+t a    #
manere
porcioun of colre, +te whiche excite+t hym to caste out. And in
turnynge a+gen, it descendeth to +te right reyne to +te ende    #
of +te
haunche, where +tat +te one-ey+ged or blynde gutte bygynne+t,   #
for
it is nou+gt seyn to haue but one hole, +togh it haue two ful
nygh togedre. By +tat one +te mater go+t yn, and by +tat o+ter  #
it gooth
oute. It is also cleped (\saccus\) , a sek, to +te manere of    #
the stomak, for
it is +tat o+ter stomak. And it is schorte, of a good hond      #
brede. And
+tat for nyghede +te whiche it hath to +te schares and for it   #
is nou+gt
wel bounden, it goo+t downe li+gtly in burstynge into +te       #
codde, after
Auicen.
   And fro +tat sprynge+t yleon, +te whiche is a smal and a     #
longe gutte,
wel of 7 or 8 arme leng+te. And it is moche folden togedre      #
aboute
+te flankes and +te bak.
   After forso+te, +tou schal fynde (\ieiunium\) , +te ieiune   #
or +te fastande
gutte, so icleped of voydenesse imade of a multitude of +te     #
veynes
myseracies and also of a porcioun of colre isente bytwene hym   #
and
+te portonarie. To whom +te duodene is conteyned, so icleped    #
for
his leng+te is of 12 fynger brede. And it is also cleped +te    #
portonarie
of office, for it is +te lower gate of +te stomak, as mery is   #
+te ouer.
<P 60>
   Of +te whiche +tou may see in +te passiouns of +te guttes    #
+te
fyndynge of clisteries and places where +te remedies schal be   #
layde
to, for in +te colique +tay schal be layde in +te former        #
partie and
aboute +te lefte parte and +te ri+gt, and in yliaca passione    #
aboute +te
sides. Also +tou schalt mowe see +tat +te woundes of +te smale  #
guttes
be+t not icured, for +tay bee+t moste pannyculouse. +Te woundes
forso+te of +te grete guttes be+t somtyme cured (i. heled),     #
for +tai
bee+t more fleisshy.
   And +tat +tou schal +te bettre see o+ter membres, it is      #
good to
bynde toward +te portonarie and to kytte as +tou dedest aboue,
and be +te guttes drawen out. And firste, if +tou wilt, +tou    #
schalt
see +te mesenterie, +tat is no +ting elles but a weuynge of     #
+te veynes
myserayces innumerable, ibraunched of a veyne icleped (\porta
epatis\) , +te gate of +te lyuer, to +te intestynes. And it is  #
couered and
warisshed of pannycles and of ligamentes ioynynge togedre +te
intestynes wi+t +te bak. It is comuneliche cleped rodol and is  #
ful of
fatnesse and of glandulouse flesche, +te whiche schal see
departed fro +te intestynes. And it +trowen out, +tow schalt    #
see +te
anothomye of +te stomak.
   The stomak or +te wombe is +te instrument of +te firste      #
digestioun,
gendrynge chilum (i. +te natural moysture). Wher+torwe as +te
veynes myserayces bee+t arrayers of +te digestioun (i.          #
defieng) of
+te lyuer, so is +te mowth, of +te stomak. Wherof, as Auicen    #
sei+t,
norisshynge in chewyng ha+t some digestioun. To whom mery or
ysophagus serue+t in +te ouer partie to lede metes to +te       #
same. And
+te intestynes with +te myserays serue+t to +trowe oute noyeng
+tinges and to departe or to dele +te profitable +tinges        #
digestede and
chylosate in it. It is forso+te as it were a comune spense of   #
alle +te
particles (i. membres), ordeyned isette in +te myddel of a      #
beste,
after Galien, (\4=to= De Vtilitate, capitulo primo\) . And      #
+togh it be
putte in +te myddel vnder +te breste bone, neuer+telatter +te   #
ouer
partie +terof boweth a litel to +te left side toward +te        #
12=te= spondile,
where +tat +te mydrede endeth; +te ne+ter partie forso+te, to   #
+te ry+gte.
His acte (i. dede) forso+te is to defie propurly by +te hete    #
of +te
carnuositee (i. fulflesshyhede) of his bothme, as Auicen sai+t, #
and
by o+ter hetes geten of his neygheboures. It hath forso+te the  #
lyuer
on +te right half, as it were above, makynge hym warme wi+t his
lappes or fyngres, and +te splene in +te left half              #
ouer+twartynge,
<P 61>
wi+t his fatnesse and veynes sendynge +terwi+t to hym           #
melancolie
to exite +te appetite. And it hath aboue, +te herte, wi+t his   #
arteries
quyckyng, and +te brayne to be feled to hym, and a braunche of
synowes toward +te ouer partie defienge. It ha+t also, on +te   #
bak
half, +te veynes kyalym and aborthi descendynge and many        #
lygamentes,
wi+t the whiche it is bounden to +te spondyles of +te reynes.
And so is schewed his acte, his pocicioun and his fastynge.   
   The nombre forso+te of his parties, as it was saide of       #
mery, and
of +te two tunycles, +tat is to say, the fleschy wi+toute and   #
+te
neruouse (i. synowy) wi+tynne, wi+t longe flockes to
drawyng, wi+t ouer+twartynge to wi+tholdyng, and brode to       #
+trowe
out. The schappe of it and +te figure is rounde and euelong to  #
+te
manere of a croked gourde, so in crokyng +tat the forsaide      #
mow+tes
bee+t +te hyeste parties of +te body +terof, to +tat +tat an    #
vnavised
goyng oute of +te contentis schal not be made. The open         #
quantite
holdeth comuneliche +tre pyntes of wyne. It may suffre many     #
sekenessis.
In helynge we bene helped by anothomye, for the remedyes
may comforte to +te ouer partie aboute +te parte of +te 12      #
spondyles
and in +te former partie on +te forcelle and nyhand to +te      #
nauel.
   Folowyngly it is to say of +te lyuer. The lyuer is +te       #
instrument
of +te secounde digestioun and gendrer of blode, isette in +te  #
ri+gte
side vnder +te fauce ribbes. It ha+t a croked schappe and       #
bowgynge
toward +te ribbes and holowe towarde +te stomak, wi+t 5         #
lappettes
or mantelles takynge or haldynge togedre aboue +tat stomak to   #
+te
manere of an hande. And +te lyuer, as o+ter bowels, ha+t a      #
pannycle
coueryng hym, to +te whiche a lytel synowe come+t by way of
felynge. That lyuer forso+te wi+t his pannycle is bounden wi+t  #
+te
mydrede and by consequent wi+t +te ouer, strong lygamentes and
wi+t the stomak, wi+t the bak and wi+t the intestynes. And it   #
ha+t
fastnynge with ham and wi+t the herte, wi+t the reynes and also
wi+t +te priue stones and wi+t alle +te membres.
   The substaunce of +te lyuer is rede and flesshy as it were   #
clodrede
blood, graffed yn by all of veynes and of arteries, as it       #
schal be
saide. The lyuer forso+te, +togh it be made of many +tinges,    #
neuer+telatter
it ha+t a symple particle, +tat is to say flesshe, by +te       #
whiche
+te bygynnynge of bledynge and of veynes is hadde. For, after
+tat Galien sai+t in (\2=o= De Virtutibus Naturalibus, capitulo #
vltimo\) ,
<P 62>
and in (\4=to= De Vtilitate, capitulo 5=to=\) , as +tre         #
substaunces ben made
of muske by boyllynge, so +tre substaunces ben made of +te      #
chyle
by decoccioun (i. se+tinge) in the lyuer, +tat is to wyten,
two superfluytees and oo natural substaunce comune to +te
humours, wi+t a watryhede. And by oure comune scole it is       #
cleped 
massa sanguinaria, conteynynge in it +tre natural and           #
nutrimental
(i. norisshynge) substaunces, as it is schewed fulliche in      #
(\2=o= De
Elementis.\)
   Thise 4 humours +terfore, +te whiche ben gendred of +te      #
chile
in +te lyuere, as it is saide, ben twofolde: some ben natural
(i. kyndely), so cleped of +te kyndelyhede of norisshynge, and  #
some
ben nou+gt natural (i. nou+gt kyndely). The natural humours     #
be+t 
sende wi+t the blood to gendre and to norisshe all +te body.    #
The
innatural humours ben voyded away and sente to dewe places for
some manere helpynges, or +tay be +trowen oute. +Tay bee+t      #
sente
fro the body, as colera to +te hucche of +te galle,             #
melancolye to +te
splene (i. mylte), flewme to +te ioyntes, and +te watry         #
superfluyte
to +te reynes and to +te bledder. +Tay ben +trowen out of +te   #
body,
and +tai gone wi+t the blood. And somtyme +tay be+t rotede, and
+tay maken feueres. And some ben +trowe out to +te skynne,
and +tay be+t resolued insensibly or ellis sensibly (i. +tat    #
may
be feled) by swetynge or by scabbe or by bleynes or by          #
apostemes.
   Ther be+t +terfore 4 natural humours and 4 innatural and a
watryhede, +te whiche olde men named blood, flewme, colre and
melancolie. The whiche, igendred in +te lyuer, ben deled by     #
+tis
manere: in +te holownesse of +te lyuere goo+t oute a veyne      #
icleped
(\porta\) (i. +te gate), +te whiche, iparted wi+t innumerable   #
smale veynes
myseraices isette in +te stomak and in +te intestynes, drawen   #
and
beren al +te iuse of +te chyle to +te lyuer. And +tat veyne     #
wi+t his
rootes todele+t it al by +te lyuer. Fro +te bowge forso+te of   #
+te same
lyuer, a veyne goo+t oute, icleped (\vena concaua\) (i. the     #
holowe
veyne) or kilis (+te kyle), +te whiche also, wi+t his rootes    #
metynge
wi+t the o+ter, drawen oute of all +te lyuer +te blood          #
igendred in it.
And +tat veyne in braunching vpward and dounward, as
it was saide aboue, todele+t and bere+t +tat blood to norisshe  #
al +te
<P 63>
body, where +tat +te +tridde and four+te digestioun is made.    #
Also
fro +te lyuer his propre wayes and nekke goon oute, berynge of  #
+te
forsaide digestioun to here owne places, +te whiche schal be    #
saide.
Of +te whiche +te acte, +te pocicioun, +te substaunce and +te   #
accorde
is schewed, +te whiche ben soghte in +te lyuer as in o+ter
membres. 
   Now it is to say of sekenessis. +Te lyuer, after +tat +ge    #
see, may
suffre many sekenessis, of +te whiche +te bledynge is hurte,    #
+te
whiche is his owne dede, and an euel humour and +te ydropisy is
made. Wherfore +te ydropises is errour of +te digestioun in +te
lyuer, after Galien in (\Libro de Virtutibus\) and (\6=to= De   #
Egritudine
et Sinthomate\) . Also it seme+t of +te forsaide +tinges +tat   #
+te medicyne
of +te lyuer schal be applied (i. laide to) in +te ri+gt side.  #
And for +te
substaunce +terof, +tai schal haue some stekynge.
   After +te anothomye of +te lyuer it is to say of +te         #
particles to +te
whiche the superfluytees be+t sente, now igendred in it, as it  #
is
saide, and firste in +te hucche of +te galle. The hucche of     #
+te galle
is a manere purse or a pannyculouse bledder, isette in +te      #
holownesse
of +te lyuer aboute the myddel mantel or lappette, ordeyned
to resceyue +te colerique superfluyte +te whiche is gendred in  #
it.
The whiche purse forso+te ha+t two mow+tes or nekkes i-oned to
some distaunce, after Mundyne. Oone is dressed towarde +te
myddel of +te lyuer to resceyue colre, +tat o+ter to +te botme  #
of +te
stomak and to +te intestynes to mundefie (i. clense) and to     #
+trowe
oute colre to ham for +te forsaide profites. Of +te whiche      #
appere+t
+te si+gte and +te place, +te acte, +te substaunce, +te         #
schappe and the
accorde. +Ge may see +te quantite and +tat +tat is conteyned    #
in it; it
holde+t happely a glasseful. +Ge may also considre +tat it may  #
suffre
opilaciouns (i. stoppynges), bo+te in +te propre nekke and in   #
+te
comune. When +te stoppynges be+t in +te comune, +tan colre is
noght drawen ne +trowen oute, but it leue+t wi+t +te blood,     #
and it
cytryne+t +te vryne and al +te body. And whan +tei bee+t
in +te propre, +te helpynges faille+t +te whiche it maki+t in   #
+to
membres to +te whiche it was byquethed, and it gendre+t euel
accidentes, after Galien in (\6=to= De Egritudine et            #
Sinthomate\)
and
(\5=to= Interiorum\) .
<P 64>
   The splene (i. mylte) is +te resceyuour of +te melancolique  #
superfluyte,
igendred in +te lyuer, in +te lefte side bowynge ouer+twartly.
Whos substaunce is +tenne, spongyouse and blakker +tan +te      #
substaunce
of +te lyuer. It ha+t an euelong schappe, as it were            #
fourecornered.
And it is bounden by his pannycle wi+t +te ribbes after
his bowgynge and after +te holownesse wi+t +te stomak and wi+t
zirbus. The splene ha+t two waies. By +tat oone he drawe+t the
forsaide superfluyte fro +te lyuer, and by +tat o+ter he        #
sende+t it to
+te stomak for +te forsaide helpynges. The splene may suffre    #
many
sekenessis, most redely hardenessis and stoppynges for +te      #
forsaide
mater. And if +te lyuer suffre defaute of clensynge of +tise,
+tan +te body is made +tynne and discolored. And if it suffre   #
defaute
of sendynge to +te stomak, +te appetite is hurte, as +tise be   #
redde
afore. The soluciouns of contynuhede in it ben nou+gt so        #
perilouse
as in +te lyuer. +Te splene suffre+t stronger medicynes +tan    #
+te lyuer.
It is purged properly by +te wombe. it is heled or leched       #
aboute
+te lefte side, as Galien sai+t (\3=o= Terapeutice\) .
   +Te reynes ben particles (i. membres) ordeyned to clense +te
blood fro watri superfluyte, and +tay bee+t two: oon in +te     #
ri+gt side
nygh +te lyuer, ano+ter in +te left side lower +tan +tat        #
o+ter. The
substaunce of ham is fleschy and harde. +Tai bee+t forso+te in  #
schappe
rounde as +tirsten egge. And +tay hauen in hem holownessis in   #
+te
whiche +tat is resceyued +tat is drawen of ham. In ay+ter of    #
hem
bee+t two nekkes. By +tat oone +tai drawen a watrihede fro +te  #
veyne
kyle and by consequent (i.lyke resoun) of +te lyuer. And by     #
ano+ter
+tai sende +tat watrihede +tat is cleped vryne to +te bledder.  #
To +te
reynes comen veynes, arteries and synowes, of +te whiche a      #
pannycle
of hem is made, wi+t the whiche +te reynes ben bounden to
+te bak. The reynes ha+t talowy fatnes al aboute. The lynes
ben behynde +te reynes nexte +te spondyles vpon +te whiche +tay
lyen as in here pylowe or softenesse. Bytwene bo+te +te reynes
aboue +te spondyles gone +te veynes kylis and abhorti to +te    #
lower
membres. Of +te whiche veynes ful nyghe ham spryngen +te        #
vesselles
of +te sperme, of +te whiche it schal be saide wi+tynne. The
reynes may suffre many sekenessis, nameliche opilaciouns (i.    #
stoppynges)
and stones. +Te manere of curynge +ge schal see ful harde
in any wise.
   The whiche +tinges forso+te iseyne, he may caste away all
<P 65>
excepte +te stomak (if +te anothomye schal be made of +te ouer
membres) and +te reynes, to see +te anothomye of +te lower      #
membres.
And +tan +tou schalt byholde +te nombre and quantite of +te     #
spondiles
(i. +te lynkes ioynt or bones of +te bak). And +tow schalt      #
fynde ham
5 gretter +tan o+ter, by +te whiche 5 paire of synowes          #
descenden fro
+te nuke (i. +te marye of the rygge bone) to al +te wombe and   #
to the
parties of +te +tighes and of +te grete feet.           

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 576>
[}THE FOUR+TE CAPITLE, OF WIRCHYNGES AND OF +TE CRAFT OF +TE
ARRAYENGE OF MEDECYNES +TE WHICHE ACCORDEN IN +TE CRAFT OF
CIRURGIE.}]

   It is nedefulle and ful profitable ful ofte to leches, and   #
moste to
cirurgens, +tat +tai conne helpe and make and mynistre also +te
helpes of seke men, for +tat it happe+t ham ofte tymes to       #
wirche in
places in +te whiche apotecaries be noght founden, and if +tai  #
be
founden, +tai ben nou+gt so gode ne connynge in euery +ting.    #
Neuer+telatter
+tere ben many pore men +te whiche may not by +te propre
+tinges and preciouse, +te whiche it byhoue+t to passe with     #
commune
+tynges. And +terfore the lore and +te manere of knowynge of
symple +tinges is +geuen of Galien in +te firste bokes of       #
Symple
Medecynes by +te substaunce, by smelle, by +te taste and suche
o+tere. And +te manere of +te makynge of compownede medecynes
is in 17 bokes of +te Makynge of Medecynes, of +te whiche x ben
cleped (\Al Meamur\) and 7 (\Cathagenes\) , as Haly bereth      #
witnesse in
(\fine Tegni.\)
   So forsothe saith Galien hymself sometyme to haue made (as
he sai+t in (\6=to= Meamur\) ), beynge sometyme in a felde,     #
wantynge
diamoron in one +tat hadde sekenesse in +te +trote, and he
fonde dyanucum. As it is saide in (\xi=o= Terapeutice\) , he    #
toke wormode
in a pore leche +tolyng an aposteme in the lyuer, +tat myght
noght by oleum nardinum.
   I also vsed neuere to go oute of citees but +tat I wolde     #
bere with
me +te purses of clisteries and some commune +tinges. And I     #
sought
herbes by +te feldes with +te forsaide maneres to helpe +te     #
seke men 
sone. And so I bare away +tanke and plente of frendes, and in   #
+te
mene while +te propre medecynes were ordeyned and procured.
   Certeynly it is profitable also to konne many medecynes, for
alle +tinges ben noght founden in alle places, as it was        #
allegged in
(\Meamur\) aboue in +te boke of apostemes of +te eres. And +tat #
+tat
conforte+t in one houre conforte+t noght in ano+ter houre. And
+tat +tat profite+t to one noye+t to ano+ter. And al +tat is    #
for dyuerste
of +te particulere complexioun of +te folke and of +te helpes,  #
+te
whiche may not be schewed vnder certeyne lettres, as he saide   #
in
(\3=o= Terapeutice.\)
   For +te whiche it is to wite +tat +te wirchynges of thinges  #
+tat
longen to cirurgie ben departed after +te vertues +tat ben in   #
ham
and +tai haue to done ham in manis body, +te whiche ben         #
nombrede
<P 577>
+trefolde of Galien and of Averoys in 5=to=. Somme ben +te      #
firste, +te
whiche ben clepede +te complexionales and qualitatifz, for      #
+tai come
of +te qualitees of elementes, as +tai ben +tat +geuen and      #
maken hete,
coldenesse, dryenesse and moystenesse. And some ben +te         #
secounde
complexiouns, for +tai folowe +te forsaide firste complexions,  #
+te
whiche ben cleped +te substanciales in here manere, as +tai     #
+tat haue
to smyte a+geyne, to drawe, to resolue, to softene, to rype,    #
to clense,
to sowde togidre, to make +te flesche to growe a+geyne and      #
also to
lisse ak+te. And some ben of +te +tridde +tat haue to do +tis   #
in certeyn
membres, the whiche in here manere ben cleped speciales
or formales, as laxatyf medecynes and medecyne +tat maken to    #
pisse
and medecynes also +tat maken +te si+gt bri+gt and scharpen +te
herynge and suche o+tere.
   The whiche wirchynges forso+te, after +te mynde of Avicen in
(\2=o= Canonum\) , ben sometyme made symple sometyme in here
manere, as ben roses, camomylle and planteyne. And sometyme
+tai ben made compownede, as ben oyles, oynementz, emplastres,
wateres, softe plastrynges, powdres and soche o+tere.
   Neuer+telatter it is more worthi to wirche with simple       #
medecynes,
who +tat may, +tan with compownede medecynes, for +tat
many +tinges comen togidre in compownede medecynes +te whiche
may noght accorde into one +ting, as it was schewed in (\13=o=  #
Terapeutice.\)
And +terfore saide Maister Arnalde +tat he +tat myght hele
with symple medecynes, he seche+t compownede sorowfully or in
veyne. Neuer+telatter nede constreyne+t sometyme, as he sai+t,  #
to
make medecynes of dyuerse +tinges when +tat a symple medecyne
is nought founden my+gti to fulfille profitably +te purposed    #
entencions
+tat ben conceyuede. The entencions forso+te ben conceyuede,
after +te same Arnalde, of +te membres and of +te maladies
or of +te medecynes, after +te noblenes or also after +te       #
dyuersite of
+te condicioun of ham and also of +te site and compocicioun. Of
maladies, after +te composicioun +te whiche +tei haue in        #
hamself
and in rewarde of +te causes of +te accidentes. Of medecynes,   #
when
+tat +tai ben feble, horrible or ouer strong.
   And for +tat +tise +tinges ben beste tretede after Avicen    #
in 5=to= and
by Serapion in septimo and by +te translatoure of +te           #
Antitodarie
Azaram in +te firste partie and Iohan de Sancto Amando in       #
Areoles,
<P 578>
I charge noght to drawe +te speche alonge in +tise +tinges.     #
Neuer+telatter
medecynes ben arrayed and clensed and soden
and brynte and grounden and soche o+tere for certeyn causes, of
+te whiche +tinges Serapioun treted ful trewely in +te boke     #
+tat is 
cleped Seruytor.
   [}OF +TE ARRAYENGE OF SIMPLE MEDECYNES}] The cause forsothe
whye +tat symple medecynes ben clensede is +tat straunge        #
+tinges
may be removede fro ham. And alle +tai be wasshen +tat +tai be  #
+te
more clene and pure, and some forso+te +tat +te drastes and     #
may be
+trowen fro ham, and many forsothe +tat +te scharpenesse may be
removede and +tat +tere may be a coldenesse geten.
   [}OF +TE CLENSYNG OF HERBES}] An ensample of clensynge and   #
of
makynge clene is hadde in herbes and in rotes, +te whiche       #
+tinges
how +tat +tai be clensede it is knowen to alle men. Oyle and    #
waxe
is an ensample +tat +te drastes and fil+te be done awaye.
   [}OF +TE WASSHINGE OF OYLE}] Oyle is waschen in double       #
manere:
in one manere with a boxe hauynge two holes, one in the ouer
ende, ano+ter in +te botome, and filled after +te half wi+t     #
hote water
and wi+t oyle. Schette +te holes and schake ham strongely til   #
+tat
+te oyle and +te water be wel medlede. And at +te laste after   #
+te
restynge, open +te hole of +te botome til +tat +te water were   #
drawen
oute. And at +te laste, putte yn als mykel of ano+ter water,    #
and be
it done as it was first. And be it so ofte done a+geyne til     #
+tat +te oyle
be made white.
   It is wasshed forso+te more li+gtly in ano+ter manere. It    #
is put in
a basyn, in a disshe or in a potte with als mykel of hote       #
water.
And be it beten with a sclyse so mykel til +tat it be made      #
white.
Afterward sette it in +te sonne til +tat +te oyle be departed   #
fro
+te water. Afterward be +te oyle gadered fro the ouer egge of   #
+te
water with some spone, and sette it vp. And if it be inow,      #
clense
it wel. And if it be noght, putte yn ageyne of +te water as     #
+tou
dedest erst, and so +tries or foure tymes til +tat it wexe
white.
   [}OF +TE WASSHINGE OF WAXE}] Waxe is wasshen and made white
yn meltynge it wi+t water and in areryng it vp with a stone
or with a rounde glasse wrappede +terynne. And afterward be
it drenched in colde water, and be it departed fro +te stone,   #
in
doynge so ofte til +tat al +te waxe be drawen oute. And         #
afterward
<P 579>
be it putte to +te sonne, alway in turnynge it til +tat it be   #
perfi+gtly
whyte.
   Ano+ter manere, and more li+gtly, waxe is taken and is       #
soden in
water. And afterward +tat water is +trowen oute, and ano+ter    #
water
is putte +terto. And be it done so ofte til +tat it be made     #
white.
   [}OF WASSHYNGE OF TERBENTYNE}] Terbentyne is wasshed, +tat   #
it
may be made +te more swete for synowes, in a disshe wi+t colde
water. And bete yn so mykel with a staf, in chaungynge ofte +te
water, til +tat it be made white.
   [}OF +TE WASSHINGE OF BUTTER}] Olde butter is wasshed, +tat  #
+te
saltenesse may be removede and +tat it be made +te more spedy   #
in
softenynge, in a disshe with colde water. And be it beten so    #
mykel
with a staf til +tat it be made white.
   [}OF +TE WASSHYNGE OF QUIKKE LYME}] Quyk lyme is wasshed,
+tat his scharpenesse may be remouede and +tat it my+gt be made
dryande, in a bacyne with colde water in medlynge it wi+t a     #
staffe.
And after +tat +tat water haue restede, be it +trowe away and   #
put
yn ano+ter, in doynge +tis seuen tymes or nyne tymes or so ofte
til +tat the water be founden soote and swete to +te taaste.
   [}OF +TE WASSHYNGE AND OF +TE ARRAYENG OF TUTYE AND SOCHE 
O+TERE}] Tutye is preparate firste in brennynge, +tat it may    #
+te lighter
be turnede, in fyrynge it nyne tymes in hote brennynge coles    #
and in
quenchynge it nyne tymes in vynegre or in raynewater or in      #
water
of rose or of fenelle or of maioran after +tat to whiche +ting  #
he wille
lay it. Afterward forsothe it is wasshen, +tat it may be made   #
clene
and swete and colde, in brayeng it in a grete manere.
And be it stered so mykel in a basyn with colde water +tat +te
smalle +terof passe into +te water, and put +tat grete oute of  #
the
clo+te. Afterward trouble +tat water and chaunge it sodeynly in
another vessel in streynynge with ano+ter cloth, and do away    #
+tat
grete. And do he +tat twies or thries til +tat +tere byleue no  #
+ting of
+te grete. After late it reste til +tat it go downe in +te      #
botome, and
+tan caste away +tat water with +tat grennesse +tat swymmeth    #
aboue.
And put +terto ano+ter water, so ofte in doynge +tis a+geyne    #
til +tat
+te water be made soote and swete. +Tan drye it, and kepe it.
   Tutie is an ensample of brennynge +tat the forsaide          #
gryndinge
may li+gtely be made, but it is putte in smale corrosyues +tat  #
the
fretynge may be remouede and +tat +te dryenesse and +te sowdyng
<P 580>
may abide, as Galien putte+t it in (\3=o= Farmacorum\) of       #
coperose and 
of vertegrece.
   [}OF +TE BRENNYNGE OF COPPEROSE AND SOCHE O+TERE}] Thai ben
fired in a crusselle or on a scherde with coles blowen with a
belowe til +tat +tai be enflawmed, and quenche ham, and burble
ham. And be +tat so ofte done til +tat +te coloure be           #
chaungede into
rede or +gelow colour and til +tat no burble appere, and cole   #
it, and
kepe it.
    An ensample of sethynge and +te vertue +geuen in +te        #
colature is
in siruppes and in oyles and in stepynges, in +te whiche        #
+tinges +te
vertue is taken in +te se+tynge. Afterward +tai ben made in     #
syrupe
and in oyles and in clisteries and gargarismes and enbrokede.
A decoccioun also is sometyme made +tat +te vertue +tat is      #
noght 
nedeful be departede and +tat +te nedefulle may abide, as       #
Galien
schewe+t euydently in cole and in ote mele in (\3=o=            #
Farmacorum.\)
   An ensample of brying +tat +te thinges be +te more abidynge  #
vpon
+te place and +tat +tai be made +te more dryande, as +te dome   #
and
+te terme is in litarge and in centorie, as Avicen saith.
   [}OF ARRAYENGE OF COMPOWNED MEDECYNES}] Compownede
medecynes forso+te ben arrayed and made in dyuers manere, after
Iohan de Santo Amando and after Maistre Stephen Arnalde of
Mountpilerz, for dyuerse profites, as in +te fourme of oyles,   #
of
oynementes, of harde plastres, of softe plastres and soche      #
o+tere.
   [}OF OYLES}] Oyle is softe moysture and fattisshe. And +tai  #
ben
made, after +te lore of Hebenmesue and of Azaram, +trefolde,    #
+tat
is to seie by +tirstynge oute, as oyle of olyues (of +te        #
whiche Galien
saith in (\2=o= Farmacorum\) +tat is as a mater reseyuynge alle #
vertues)
and oyle of almandes and of notes and of myrtilles, of lymones,
oyle de baye and oleum muscelinum and oyle of ayren and soche
o+tere; ben made also in ano+ter manere by se+tynge at +te      #
fire or
atte +te sonne or within hote er+te, as oyle of rose, of        #
camomyle,
of lilye and soche o+tere. Thai ben made in the +tridde maner   #
by
sublymacioun, as oleum benedictum and oyle of terebentyne and
oyle of tartir, oyle of asshe, oyle of iunypre and soche        #
o+tere.
   The cause why +tat +tai ben made oyles and the vertues ben   #
putte
in ham is twofolde: one cause is +tat it may bere +te vertue    #
+te more
depere. +Te secounde cause is +tat oyle schulde make +te        #
scharpenesse
<P 581>
of +tynges swete with +te whiche +tai ben made. Neuer+telatter
it is to be vnderstonde +tat when colde oyles ben made of oyle  #
de
olyue, +tai schal be made swete with swete and with rype oyle.
   [}OF OYNEMENTIS}] An oynement forsothe is a gressy thyng,    #
noght
flowande or rennynge, but abydynge. And +tai ben made, after
the commune lore: one manere, wi+toute fire, in brayenge in a
morter. And vnguentum album is made in +tis manere, and alle
+te oynementz +tat aren made of mynes. And +tere is putte li.   #
sem.
of oyle to euery vnce of +te smale powdres; of wateres, of      #
iuses or
of vynegre als mykel as of +te myneralles.
   Thai ben made in ano+ter manere with fire, in meltynge
wexe and fattenesse in oyle. And laste when +tat it is colede,  #
medle
+terwi+t wel-grounden powdre. And to euery pownde of +te oyle   #
is
putte a quartroun of wexe and a quartroun of powdre in somer.
In wynter forsothe lesse of +te wexe is nedefulle.
   And +tai ben made in +te +tridde manere wi+t greces and      #
herbes
in stampynge ham and afterward soden and streynede; it is an
oynement. And +tere is put als mykel of +te herbes as of +te    #
oynementes.
   The causes why +tat oynementes ben made is +tat +tat +tay    #
may
abyde softely in +te ouer egge and +tat +tai flowe noght ne     #
+tat +tai go
not ouer depe. +Tai ben menes forso+te bytwene oyles and        #
emplastres.
   [}OF EMPLASTRES}] An emplastre is a cerotarie confeccioun    #
made
sadde and hardened by sethynge. And +tai ben made +trefolde: in
one manere when +tat +tai ben made of mynes. Firste it is soden
with oyle vnto +te +tikkenesse. Afterward muscilages ben put    #
+terto,
as in dyaquilon, and withoute muscilage, as +te blak plastre.
   In ano+ter manere +tai ben made wi+toute mynes, as           #
oxceracroceum,
with gummes, with wexe, with pycche, with terebentyne
and wi+t some powdres by +tis manere: when +tat +te gummes ben
bryede and temperede in vynegre or in wyne, on the morne melte
ham at +te fire, and be +tai dissoluede vnto +te wastynge of    #
+te wyne
or of +te vynegre. And when +tay ben streynede, putte +terto    #
+te
pycche and afterward +te wexe and laste +te terebentyne, and    #
in 
settynge downe fro +te fire, alwaye in sterynge with a sclise.
<P 582>
And +trowe it in colde water and drawe it oute. And drawe oute
+te water, in tewynge it wi+t +tyn hondes with vynegre or wi+t  #
oyle,
and make +terof rolles. A tokene forso+te of +te sethynge of    #
plastres
is +tat +tat a drope of ham +trowen in colde water or on a      #
marble
stone be congeled and +tat it cleue noght to thy fyngres in     #
temperynge.
   And +tai ben made also  in +te +tridde medlede maner
with mynes, with gommes and with powdres, as it is to see in
apostolicon. +Te causes forsothe whi +tat emplastres ben made   #
is
+tat +te vertue may +te lenger abide in +te membre.
   [}OF GROWELLES AND SOFTE PLASTRES}] Growelles and softe      #
plastres
ben as it were +te same, for in growelles +tere entre+t but     #
meles with
water or wi+t iuses an wi+t oyle or with hony. In softe         #
plastres
ben putte iuses and herbes. And +tai ben made to mature, and    #
+tan
+tai schal be gleymy, or to resolue, and +tan +tai schal be     #
wi+toute
notable viscosite, for +tat a notable viscosite or gleymynesse  #
wi+tholdeth
+te hete and +te spirit and +te mater in schettynge +te pores,
+te whiche bothe done to maturing wi+t lettynge of              #
resolucioun, as
it is saide in (\5=to= Farmacorum\) and it schal be saide       #
withinforth.
Neuer+telatter +tai ben ofte clepede emplastres. +Te causes of  #
ham
ben li+gtenesse of arrayenge and +te profitablenesse of symple  #
medecynes,
+te whiche schulde nou+gt elles haue so moche vertue.
   [}OF EMBROCACIOUNS AND EPITHIMACIOUNS}] Thise +tynges        #
forsothe
ben simple licours and compownede, with +te whiche
membres ben particulerly fomentede, or in +te whiche spownges
ben dippede, or lynen clothe, and, +triste oute, ben laide      #
vpon +te
membre, and +tai ben ofte removede. And +te causes of soche
+tinges ben ly+gtlynesse of hetynge and of colynge and of       #
moystinge
and of resoluynge wi+t the vertue of depynge.
   [}OF O+TERE MANERES}] +Tere ben many o+tere manere of        #
makynges
of medecynes, as distillynges of wateres to make faire with and
smerynges and enoyntynges and soche o+tere, +te whiche ben      #
moste
done to +te schewynge and to +te wille of +te seke men +tan to  #
+te
beynge, as Henry saith. It bifalleth a stable leche to stonde   #
in
certeyn +tinges and prouede, and hym +tat is of vnstable
witte to wandre by many +tinges, as Arnalde saith. And if       #
+tere be
founden sometyme trewe +ting, it is more to wite chaunce +tan
resoun, as it is saide in (\3=o= Terapeutice.\) It byhoveth a   #
leche forso+te
<P 583>
to be knowere of +te propre kyndes in +te whiche he wirche+t    #
and
with whiche, as it is saide by all. 



<B CMROYAL>
<Q M3/4 IR SERM ROYAL>
<N SERM ROYAL>
<A X>
<C M3/4>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1420-1500>
<K X>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MIDDLE ENGLISH SERMONS, EDITED FROM
BRITISH MUSEUM MS. ROYAL 18 B. XXIII.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 209.
ED. W. O. ROSS. 
LONDON, 1940. 
PP. 9.3    - 12.17  (2)
PP. 16.2   - 19.34  (4) 
PP. 251.22 - 261.21 (41)^]

<P 9>
[} [\2\] }]

   Seynt Powle, +te chefe doctoure of holychurche,
brennynge hy+gly in +te loue of almy+gthy God and of is
ney+gbore, wro+gthe all +te dayes of is life aftur +tat he was
turned to +te lawe of Criste to +te edificacion of +te churche,
wrytynge on too wyze, gretely commendynge +te peple
+tat vertuosly lyvyd, and +tonked God +terof, and repreved
+to+g peple +tat fell to synne a+geyn withe sharpenes modified
by resone. Who-so rede+t is pistels shall knowe well +tat
it [{is{] so. And so he wryte+t and teche+t in is pistell of
+tis daye, preysynge God for +te god liffe of a peple of
Grece called (\Corynthi\) , seynge on +tis wyze: "I do
+tonkes to my God for you."
   By +tis he +geve+t ensampull to vs +tat we oure-selfe
shuld +tanke God for oure goodes +tat we receued of God,
se+t +tat he +tonked God so hertely for is euencristen. But
in what wyze +tat we shall +tonke God and prey to him,
Criste hym-selfe teche+t vs in +te gospell, a preyour +tat 
is chefe of all preyours, +te wiche is +te Pater Noster.
+Tis prayoure passe+t all o+tur in worthynesse, for God
hym-selfe made itt; also in goodenesse, for all +tat vs
nede+t to preye is had +ter-in; also in avantage, for
Criste, +tat all can, ordeyn itt. By +tis preyour, +tan,
late ichon of vs +tonke and preye God as Crist and Seynt
Poule teche+t vs.
   In +te begynnynge, (\et cetera.\)
   (\"Gracias ago," et cetera.\)
   Good men and wymmen, oure Lorde Ihesu tau+gth is 
disciples, as +te gospell wittenesse+t, (\Mathei 6=to=, Luce    #
11=mo=,\)
+tis preyoure of +te Pater Noster, by +te wiche +tat euery
man shuld preye to God when +tat +tei preyed, as Poule
dude by +te wordes of my teme, +tus seynge: "I do
+tonkes to my Lorde God," as I seid at +te begynnynge.
   In +tis worthy prayere of +te Pater Noster ben vij
asshyngus, +te wiche iij firste perteynen to +te +tre persons
<P 10>
in Trynite and oo God. +Te fyrste longe+t to +te Fadur
of heven, to whom is apropred all +te powre in heven and
in erthe, as +te gospell wittenes; and +tat prayour is +tis:
"Fadere oure, +tou arte in heven, blessed be +ti name."
+Te seconde ashynge longe+t to +te Sonne, +te seconde
person in +te Trinite, oure Lorde Ihesu Criste, to whom 
all wisdome is apropred, as Seynt Poule se+t, (\Romanos,
13=o=;\) and it is +tis: "Ti kyngedom com to +te." The 
+tride askynge pertene+t to be +trid persone of +te Trynyte,
+te Holygoste, to whom is apropred loue and charite,
as Seynt Iohn se+t: (\"Deus caritas est;"\) and it is +tis:
"Be +ti will don in erthe as itt is in heven." And +te
o+tur foure askynges pertene+t to +te helpe of mankynde
both bodely and goostely. +Te firste of +te foure is +tis:
"Oure euery dayes brede +geue vs to-daye." The
second is, "And for-+geue vs oure dettys as we for+geue
oure dettours." The +tride is, "And lede vs not in-to
temptacion." The fourte and +te laste is +tis: "But
delyuer vs from euyll. Amen."
   In +tis prayour is conteyned more witt +tan anny
erthly man can tell, and +ter-fore I concell you +tat +ge
loue to vse +tis prayour a-boven all prayours.
   In +te firste askynge, when +tat +tou seyste, "Fader
oure, +tat arte in heven, blessed be +ti name" - in +tat
+tat +tou calleste hym fader, +ter +tou knalachesse +tat he
is maker and lorde of heven and of erthe and hell and 
gouernour of all creatures, of whom all goodenesse comes;
and +tus +tou knalages is my+gthe. And se+t +tat he is
lorde and fadere, euery man owe+t hy[{m{] drede and
loue: drede by-cause +tat he is lorde, and worshippe
be-cause +tat he is fader.
   These vij asskyngys of +te Pater Noster putte+t owte +te
vij dedely synnes and purchase+t +te vij +geftes of +te         #
Holygooste.
We excludon pride when we sey "oure Fadur"
and not "myn." +Tis worde sey+t +tat we ben all bretheren,
grett and small, ryche [{and poure{] , hy+g and lawe, of oon
fader and oo moder, +tat is God and holychurche. And 
in +tat we seyn, "Halowed be +ti name," we halowon God
in vs, as Seynt John Crisostom sey+t. When we +tenke
on hym, we dredon hym and wakon besely leste we
<P 11>
defowle +te holynesse of is name in vs by oure euell 
werkes.
   In +te seconde asshynge, when we seye, "Com to [{+te{]
+ti kyngedom," we prayon +tat +tis kyngedom of +tis 
world, of +te wiche +tou arte kynge +tat bow+gtest vs on +te
Crosse by +ti precious blode, mott com and be with
+te in +te ioye of hevene.
   The +trid is +tis: "Be +ti will done in erthe as in heven."
Here we prayon God +tat is will be do here in erthe amonge
synfull mene +torow amendynge of her liffe as itt is don
in ryghtwys men, +te wiche is heven goostely. +Tan +tis 
is a good preyour.
   The fourte asshynge is, "Oure euery dayes brede
+geue vs to-daye." Seynt Austyne sey+t +tat +tis iche
dayes brede may be takon for nedefull lyvelod of oure
bodye, and also for +te Sacrament of Cristes bodye, and
for goostely mete of +te sowle, +te wiche is Goddes worde.
   The v asshynge is +tis: "And for-+geue vs oure dettys
as we for-+geue to oure dettoures." +Tan by +tis witty
techynge of oure Lorde Ihesu Criste, malicious and
veniabull wreches may well knowon +tat +tei be in +te
veye to-hell-warde as longe as +te dwell in here cursed
malice. For by +tese dettys ben vndirstond synnes +tat
we don a+geyns God, as Seynt Austyne and o+ture seyntes
seyon. +Giff +tou be in evyll to +ti ney+gbore, how sey+t
+tou +tan +ti Pater Noster? +Tou preyest God ryght so to 
for+geue +te as +tou doste to o+ture men. +Tou wilte not 
for+geue; how mayste +tou +tan be for+geue of God?
   The vj asshynge is +tis, +tat +tou lede not vs in-to
temptacion. We prayon not here +tat we be not tempted,
for no [{man{] may be proved with-owt temptacion; but
we praye +tat God lede vs not in-to temptacion - +tat
is, +tat he suffre not vs to falle in suche temptacions +te
wiche we may not suffre.
   The vij asshynge is +tis, and +te laste: "But delyvere
vs from all evyll. Amen." In +tis we praye God to
delyvere vs from euyll of peyne +tat we deserue +torowe
synne presente in +tis liffe and fro euyll of peyne aftur
+tis lyffe +tat men shall haue for synne.
<P 12>
   +Tis prayore euery Cristen man is bondon to conne, and 
to preye to God by +tis preyour, and do as Seynt Poule
dothe by +te wordes of my teme: "I do +tonkes to my
Lord God." +Tis prayoure is euery man and childe hold
to kunne +gif he passe vij +gere olde; and +tere frendes be
in grett perill +geff hei teche hem nott is Pater Noster,
Aue Maria, and is Beleue.
   This Aue Maria is in +te i chapter of Luke, and is +tis
in Englisshe to youre vndirstondynge: "Haill, Marye,
full of grace; oure Lorde is with +te. Blessed be +tou
a-monge all wymmen; and blessed be +te fruyte of +ti
wombe, Ihesus. Amen." By +tis preyoure +tou shuldeste 
grett Oure Lady, +tat she be goode mene to hure
Sonne Criste Ihesu to haue mercy on +te +tat +tou my+gthe
at Domes-day com to +tat ioye +tat euer shall laste. To
+te wiche ioye God brynge [{y{]ou and me, +tat for vs
dyed on Rode Tre. Amen.


<P 16>
[} [\4\] }]
   Worshippfull men and wymmen, +te worthye clerke 
Aristotle in +te laste boke of is Ethicus sey+t +tat +tere is
+tre manere of frenshippes: (\amicicia propter vtile,
amicicia pro voluptate, et amicicia propter bonum morale\) .
Som man, sey+t he, is a frende to an o+tur for is owne
avauntage, as courteours and seruuauntes, +tat dare in
no wise displese here maisters o+tur lord; and +tis
frenshippe is now+gthe. The second maner of frenshippe
is frenshippe of luste, as lecherous men o+tur wymmen
vsen for a tyme; but als-so sone as +te luste is fulfillid,
+tan +te frenshippe is gone. The +trid maner of frenshippe
is frenshippe of wertewe, +te wiche +tat on hathe to an
o+ture for is good lyvynge and vertuous; +tis is a verry
frenshippe +tat holy writte speke+t of, " (\Iam non dico
vos seruos, sed amicos\) ." In +tis wyze bene all good
levers called +te frendes of God.
   As to my purpose, oure Lord God, as +te gospell of +tis
daye beres wittenesse by +te wordes of my teme, calle+t
an evill levere is frende, seyinge to hym on +tis wyze,
"Frende, howe commeste +tou hydure?" As who se+t,
"All-be-itt +tat +tou arte man, +gitt parauntur +tou arte
not cristened; and +giff +tou be cristeynd, +gitt parauntur
+tou leueste not as Criste biddeste +te. How
commes +tou +tan amonge is mene?" +Tou canste not
sey but by stalthe. And +ter-fore drede +tou leste he do
commaunde to bynde +te honde and fote and putt +te
in-to +te innere derkenesse. "But sir," +tou seiste
parauntur, "Criste calle+t +te frend and +ter-fore he will
do well with +te and shewe +te of is mercye." +Ge sir,
trewly +tou arte frende to hyme +giff +tou leue synne and
euyll levynge and loue in good wyze for +tin own
avauntage; for +tis is good for +tin soule. For +ter is no
frenshippe good but +tat +tat is grownded of vertewe.
And as to +tat, +tat +tou seist +tat he will do mercy, so he
will. Whe+ture-euer +tou be saued or dampned, +tou
<P 17>
shalte fele of is mercye; for and +tou had rygoressnes of 
ryght with-owte mercy, +tan +tou my+gthe neuer bere itt,
as all holywritt sei+t. I pray God to lat vs neuer com 
to +tat plite.
   In +te begynnynge, (\et cetera.\)
   (\"Amice," et supra.\)
   Good men and wymmen, +te wordes of my teme bethe
writte in +te gospell of +tis daye and +tus muche on 
Englissh: "Frende, how commest +tou here, or hydere?"
   Oure Lorde God seys to vs +tat +te kyngedome of heven 
is like to a kynge +tat made veddynggus to is sonne. +Tis
kynge sente oute is seruauntes to bid hem +tat were bede
com to +te feste; and +tei wolde nott come. +Tan +tis 
kynge sende o+tur seruauntes to bid hem come, and bad
+tat +tei shuld sey, "My mete is redye and all well;
come+t to +te weddyngus." +Tei sett no+gth by +te
messangeres; butt som +gede forthe in-to here towne,
som abowte here marchandize, and some toke +te
messangeres and slow+g hem. +Tan when +te kynge
herde here-of he lete slee +tise men and brent hure citte.
And +tan he seide to is owne seruauntes, "My weddynggus
ben redie, butt +tei +tat were bede were not worthye.
Goy+t +ge owte in-to +te weye; and qwom-euer +tat +ge
fynde, calle+t hem to my weddynggus." +Tan +tese
seruauntes feched in bothe good and euyll and filled +te
place of +te tables. +Tan +tis kynge com and see +te men
sittynge at +te mete and fonde oon +tat was not clothed
of is weddynge leuere and seid to hym to wordes of my
teme, "Frende, how comeste +tou in here - o+tur hidur -  
and haste no leueree of my weddynggus?" +Tan seid
+te kynge far+turmore to +te seruauntes, "Bynde+t hym
honde and fote and put hym in-to innere derkenes, +ter-as
is wepynge and gryntynge of te+te. Many ben called,
butt fewe ben choson." +Tis is +te sentence of +te gospell
in +tis daye.
   "But sir," +tou seiste parauntur, "how is +tis kyngedome
of heven like +tis kynge?" Sir, I shall tell +te.
+Tis kynge +tat made weddynggus to is sonne betokene+t
+te Fadere of heuen, +tat all +tinge made of no+gthe. He
<P 18>
made a weddynge to is Sonne, oure Lorde Ihesu Criste,
and weddit he was to euery mans soule at is folewte.
He send is seruauntes to bid men com to +te feste -  
apostles, martirs, confessours, and virgyns - to +te feste
in +te kyngedome of heven; but +tei wold not come. He
send o+tur messangers to bid men come to heven, as
doctours and prechors of +te word of God, as +tei do now
daye by daye, but +ge sett not by hem, +te more harme is.
Som goyn to youre citte, +tat is, to youre vnclene felishippe, 
as to +te taueron and to o+tur vnhoneste place;
som to youre vn+trifty marchandize, full of vsure, okre,
and o+tur falsenes; som takon is prechors and punyssh
hem vn-to +te dethe. But what shall +te kynge do +tere-to?
+Tis Kynge of kynges, certeyn, sir, as Criste hym-selfe
seid, he shall lat slee hem and brenne +te cite of hem.
Far+turmore +tis Kynge shall sende oute is techars and 
prechars and bid hem come to is feste, all +tat +tei fynden,
bothe good and euyll. But be-ware, I counsell +te, +tat
+tou come not to +te feste, +tat is, to +te Dome dredefull,
but +tou haue oon +te leveree of clennes of +tat weddynge,
leste +tat oure Lorde Ihesu when +tat he comme+t to behold
+te, repreue +te, and ordeyne +te to be putt in-to
euery lastynge peyne for +tin evill lyvynge, seyinge on
+tis wyze, "Frende, how comme+t +tou hydur?" as I
seid at +te begynnynge. In +tis wyze, +tan, as I haue
told +te, +te kyngedome of heven is like to a kynge +tat
ordeynt weddynggus to is sonne.
   Sirs, I counsell all maner of men fully to +tenke on +tis
Dome, for Seynt Ierome sei+t whe+tur +tat he ete, drynke, 
or slepe, or what-euer els +tat he dothe, it seme+t hym,
sei+t he, +tat +te angels trompe sowne+t in is eere seyinge
+tus, "Ryse, +ge dede men, and com to +te Dome." I
concell and I preye euerichon of you to conceyue and 
knowe +tat oure Lorde God at +te Day of Dome shall 
shewe ryght with-oute mercye, full rygorysly, full
sturnely, and aske of vs howe +tat we haue spende +te
vij verkes of mercy, as +te gospell wittenes. But for-as-muche
as euery man and wymman shall +geue a-countes
of +te vij werkes of mercye, +ter-fore I purpose fully to
<P 19>
teche you wiche ben +te vij verkes of bodely mercye and
of goostely, bothe.
   The vij verkes of bodely mercy ben +tese: fede +te
hongery, +geue drynke to +te +tursty, clothe +te naked and
nedye, herbowre +te howslesse, comforte +te seke, visite
prisoners, and bury +te dede. +Tese vij verkes +tou arte
bondon to fulfill by verke and dede +giff +ti powere be,
or els by +ti good will +giff +ti powere faill, in payne of 
euer lastynge dampnacion +giff +tou repente not. For of
+tese werkes of mercy Criste shall speke inspeciall of at 
+te Day of Dome. I praye eueriche of you to haue +tis 
in mynde.
   And +te vij verkys of goostely mercy ben +tese: teche
men +te trouthe, howe +tei shuld com to heven; the
seconde, counsell men besely to hold with Cristes lawe;
the +tride, chastyse synners by moderate reprevynge in
charite; the [{iv{] , comforte sorowfull men with Cristes
passion; the v, for+geue wronges done to +ti-selfe, as +tou
wolte be [{for{]+geue of God; the vj, suffre mekely
repreves for +te ryght of Goddes lawe; the vij, preye
hertely for frend and for foo. +Tese verkes ben of goostely
mercye, +te wiche also +tou arte bond to knowe and to
fulfill hem in dede; for and +tou volte +tenke hertely of
+te dredefull Dome, +tan +tou shulteste euer be besye with
+tou+gth, worde, and dede to plese God and to fulfill +tise 
verkes of mercye, as +tou wolte +tat God haue mercye on 
+te.
   And +tan +giff God assh +te at +te Day of Dome, "Frende,
howe entereste +tou hidre?" +tan +tou maiste seye,
"Lorde, I haue on +ti leueree and I am +ti man, and as 
+ti man I entred; where-fore I preye +te, late me reioyse
+te kyngedome of heven, +tat +tou haste ordeynt for +ti
seruauntes." To +te wiche ioye and infinite blisse 
brynge vs oure swete Lorde Ihesus. Amen.


[} [\41\] }]
<P 251>
   This glorious Ladie with all hur vertewes and preuilegees
as +tis day was taken vp in soule aboven +te hiest
ordere of angels - and in bodie also, as Seynt Austyn and
Anselme haue +ter oppinions; and Ierom in ys pistell 
fauors +te same: (\"Exaltata est sancta Dei genitrix," et
cetera\) - where she besely praye+t +tat we may sewe hure
in lyvynge. +Tan se+t she is of all seyntes +te cheff pure
creature, as holychurche sey+t of hur (\ad mores, sanctorum
sancta\) , +ter-fore we shuld besi vs to be hure folovers, and 
so to be seyntes here and aftur in heven.
   But here what Dauid +te prophete seys, +tat oure
seyntes ben goyn avey: " (\Saluum me fac, Domine,
quoniam defecit sanctus\) - good Lord, sey+t he, make vs
saue, for seyntes +ter is none as +ter were." I sey more 
pleynly +tus: I knowe well no man shall be saued but 
+giff +tat he ende is liff as a seynt, (\sine peccato mortali,
<P 252>
Mathei 25=to= capitulo\) . But how +te multitudo of +te 
peple lyvi+t and ende+t when +tat +tei die, whe+tur +tei die as
seyntes or non I wot neuer, Lord, no+tur I will not +geue
iugement vppon +ti previe dome. But as by mans dome
and as it seme+t by reson, I shall afferme +tat +giff +tis
world be an enterludie, as doctors ymagynne, I wote
neuer who shall pley +te seynte in oure enterludie. For in
comparison +tat it was som tyme, vertewes morall ben
goyn. Fey+gth, hope, and charite be welny+g exiled, and
sewerly with-owte +tise vertewes may be no seynt in +tis 
liff.
   Haa, good Lord God, where is +te fey+gth of Abraam,
+te good hope of Ysaak, +te prudens of Iacob? Where is
+te chastite of Ioseph, the paciens of Moyses, +te gret
zele of Finees, of all +te wiche scripture rememburs, 
(\Genesis, Exodi, Numerorum diuersis capitulis\) ? Where is
be-com +te sadenes of Sent Petre, +te charite of Seynt
Poule, +te holynes of Iacob, oure Lordes bro+tur, and +te 
heuenly wisdom of Seynt Iohn +te Euaungelist, of +te
wiche scripture wittenes (\Actuum diuersis capitulis,
Iohanis primo\) ?
   And +giff +tat we shall speke of latter men and of lowe
degre, where is suche on as Paule, +te first heremite,
dwellyng sole in +te inmaste of wildernes in a cote, where
fourty wynter God send hym by a ravyn brede to
lyve by dayly, and whan +tat he was ded wild lions made
is pitt and buried at +te commaundement of Seynt
Antonij, as Seynt Ierom wryte+t in (\Vitis Patrum\) ? Where
is now suche a seynt as Seynt Benet was amonge all +te
enhabite monasteries - (\inter senobitas\) ? Is liff was
angelike, +te wiche withstode terraundes and devels with
is holy worde, to whom sprites obeied as to +ter maister, 
as Seynt Gregory teche+t, (\2=o= Dialogorum\) ? Where is
+te gret douocion of Seynt Barnard be-com in all is
seculere diligence, +te wiche wrote full wondirfull myracles,
lyvyng so far-forth +tat all +tat were vexed with devels he
<P 253>
heled hem at is commaundement, as Ianuensis write+t
in ys lif?
   Now +giff +tat we shuld speke of holines in prelacie,
where is suche a fadur now as was Seynt Basile, bishop
of Cesare in Capodocia? +Tis man was +te distroer of 
+te heretikes, Arrianus. When +tat he shuld die, 
a leche +tat was a Iewe told hym +te tyme when
+tat he shuld die and +te day. "What," quod he, "and I
may live till to-morow?" "I woll be-com a Cri[{s{]ten
man." And so by myracle hes liff was lenghed vn-to +tat
he was cristened. +Tus write+t of hym Amphilotus,
(\Yconie episcopus, in historia sua\) . Where is suche
accepte auctorite in anny prelate as was in Gregore
Nazanzene, whos doctrine and writynge was suche +tat
+ter was neuer man a+geyn-seid hym into oure tyme, as
Seynt Thomas write+t, (\prima parte Summe, questione
61, articulo 3=O=, in pede\) ? Where is +te mekenes and
wisdom be-com of Seynt Gregore, doctour and pope,
as is verke vppon Iob wittenes, +te wiche is so gret +tat
+to+g all +te principall partes of man were turned on-to
tounges, +git man myght not declare is wisdom and
holynes, as Isedere write+t, (\De Viris Illustribus, de
Gregorio agens\) ?
   +Giff we shuld suche aftur holynes amonge gentilmen
of wurshipp, it is not as it was. Where is now so wertewous
a ientilman as was Iob, kynge of Edom, clere in 
fey+gthe, excellent in mekenes, a nobull housholdere,
ease to be tau+gth, large in almes, riche in money, plentewous 
in children? But sodenly is children were slayn,
+te dewell sore tempted hym and is wiff also and is 
frendes; and neuer gruched a+gens God, as Ysidore sais, 
(\De Ortu et Obitu Patrum\) . Where is now so gret loue,
zele, and fauour vn-to men of holy churche and to +te 
pepull as had +te gret emperour Constantyne, +te wiche
chose ra+tur all is liff tyme to be smytte with a lepre +tan
he wold suffure +te innocentes blod to be shed to saue
hym as by bathes, as +te Cronicle of Rome telle+t vs?
<P 254>
Where is +tat very iust man and emperour Egrite
Traiane, +te wiche demed is own sonne and is eyre to be
ded for +tat he necligently had ouer-riden a widow
sonne, as Gregore teche+t vs in is bokes Regestre?
   Lo, +tan, I se well +giff +tat I be not begiled +tat in men
of holychurche, no+ture in gentilmen, no+tur in +te comon
peple, but +te old holines is goyn from hem. Where-fore
I may sey as me semeth after +te old maner, +tat +ter is no
man able to pley on oure seynt: " (\Saluum me fac,
Domine, quoniam defecit sanctus\) ."
   Parauntur it is replied a+geyns me +tat +ter be many
holy men, al-be-it +tei com not to +te holynes of oure
old holy faders. I answere as Seynt Barnard seith,
(\sermone 33 super Cantico\) , vndirstondyng is language as
for +te more parte: " (\Serpit hodie putrida tabes per
omne corpus ecclesie\) - fowle stynkynge mater of synne
growe+t now thorowe-owte all Cristendom. Qwere-of
Y dispeyre +te more for he growe+t full large. Som tyme
+te prophett spake +ter-of and now it is fulfilled, +tat
holychurche compleyne+t of: (\'Ecce in pace amaritudo
mea amarissima,'\) Ysaie (\38 capitulo\) - 'O fey+gthe in holy
churche, my most bitter bitturnes is in my pece.' I had
a grett bitturnes in dethe of my marters, I had a grettur
bitturnes in doctrine of heritikes, but now haue I my
most bittur bitturnes in +te horribull synnes of fey+gthfull
pepull, whi +tei may not be chastised, +tei may not be
dryven a-vey, wicked men be so many and multipled
owte of nowmbur. This veniaunce is perishyng myn
herte withowte hope of hele. (\Intestina est et insanabilis
plaga.\) And +terfore of all my bitturnes +tis is +te gretest
in pees. But qwhat pes is +tis to +te churche?" Seys
Seynt Barnard, " (\Et pax est et non est pax\) - +ter is
pece," seys he, "in a maner, and +gitt itt is no pes. +Ter
is pes for ethen men, +ter is pes for heretikes, but trewly
+ter is no pes a+gens synnefull lyvyng in all degrees
temperall and spirituall of Cristes churche. Loo, whatt
oure modur holychurche compleyne+t a+gens vs: (\'Filios
<P 255>
enutriui et exaltaui; ipsi autem spreuerunt me,'\) Ysaie
(\primo capitulo\) . 'I haue,' seys she, 'norished many a
Cristen man and woman and made must of hem, and 
+tei sett ryght no+gthe by me: (\spreuerunt et maculauerunt
me,' et cetera\) . '+Tei sett not by me,' seys oure modur
holychurche, 'but +te defoule me with +ter foule lyvyng +tat 
is full abhomynable,'" (\inquid Barnardus in diebus suis\) .
   Se+t, +tan, holichurche compleyne+t +tus in Seynt
Barnardes daies, she may now dredeles compleyne much
more, for fro is tyme hidirward +te liff of +te Cristen pepull
ha+t ben euer wars and wars, as well in +te spirituallte as
in +te temperalte. For sicurly vertew is cast avey and
man is fallyn in-to +te filthe of stynkyng synne. Haa,
good God, now mercy, for our synnes beth not vnpunyshed.
Lo, sirs, I sey itt with sorefull hert, scismus and diuisions
haue now reyned in oure daies amonge men of holychurche,
+tat welny+g holychurche standes (\in desolacionem\) : (\"Per
que peccat quis, per hec et torquetur," Sapiencie 2
capitulo;\) +tat for-asmuche as we will not be ooned to God
be charite, +ter-fore we be+t dissevered amonge oure-self.
Oure gentils also of all degrees be+t greuously punyshed,
for batels be+t reysed welny+g in euery lond, Cristend
Shedyng of Cristen blode continually, gret and huge.
And to sey shortely, welny+g in euery coost of +te marches
Cristen mens lordeshippes decresses and goys downeward,
and +te lordeshippes of hethen men growe+t vpward and
in-crese+t; for seuerly oure Cristen prynces with-in +tis xl
+gere and lasse ha+t lost more +tan +te +tirde parte of
Cristendom. Lo, +ter peyn answeres to +ter synnes. For
lik as oure princes and lordes spoyleth and robbe+t +ter
suggettus and do+t daily, euen so God suffre+t +te ethen 
princes to robb and spoile oure lordes and princes, euen
as +tei do to o+tur: (\"In qua mensura qua mensi fueritis,
remicietur vobis," Mathei 7 capitulo\) . The common 
pepull for +ter synnes and vnthrifty lyvyng and euell will
to holychurche and to +ter lordes, +tei ben oppressed, +tei 
ben robbed, +tei be mad pore welny+g in euery lond of
Cristendom so far-forthe sewerly +tat itt heuys hem to
<P 256>
lyve. Si+t, +tan, euery charite begynne+t of hym-selfe,
and I see so gret perils and by synne vertews distruccion,
+ter-for I pray as +te prophete dud, "Lord, make me sauf,
for +te seyntus ben gon - (\saluum me fac, Domine, quoniam
defecit sanctus\) ." And +tus much for oure first principall
and +te second to-ge+ture.
   I seid also oure +tirde and fourth principall, now
steryng, now shewynge by experience of vertewe, how 
+tat Oure Ladie was all-wey desirous to holines. She 
is full gracious and full of compassion to all Cristen
pepull. For declaracion of +tis wryte+t Seynt Ierom in 
a pistell, and Bonaventure reherse+t it also, (\De Vita
Cristi\) , +tat +tis blessed and glorious Ladie afore +tat she
had conceyved oure Lord, euery ny+gthe aftur mydny+gtht
she was besy in prayour. She ashed and praied of +te
Fadur of heuen vij peticions, of +te wich too I will
reherse vn-to you. On was +tat she my+gthe loue alvey
+tat God loued and non o+tur +tinge: (\Psalmo 17, "Diligam
te, Domine, fortitudo mea."\) +Te o+tur was +tat God wold
+geue hur +tat grace, to hur +tat was +te modur of God to
do euer plesaund seruyse to God. Loo, +tis good Ladies 
peticion sowned alvey vn-to charite, loue, and grace.
(\"Quia plenitudo legis est dileccio operis," Romanos, 13=mo=
capitulo.\) And so dud hur o+tur peticiens, +te wiche I leue
ouer. And +ter-fore +te Fadur of heven herd hur prayour
and graunted hur more grace +tan she prayed fore.
   Inspeciall for +tat she of mekenes coveted to be
seruaunte to Goddes modur, +ter-for God chose hure to be
is modur, (\"Quia respexit humilitatem ancille sue,"
Luce primo,\) and send to hur +te archangell Gabriell vn is
ambassate, to +tat entent +tat suche +tinges by hur, a
woman, shuld reflorish +tat by +te first woman was
brou+gthe to desolacion, (\Genesis 3 capitulo\) .
   For sicurly it was a comon repref to all women +tat
by on of hem all mankynd was lost and non of hem
my+gthe helpe to restore it a+geyn, so far-forth +tat all +te 
elementes and all o+tur beestes and briddes semed (\per
prosopopeiam\) crie vppon a womman, as Petrus (\Rauennas\)
<P 257>
ymagine+t, (\sermone Gregorii\) , seynge +tus, " (\Redde
depositum, mulier, redde depositum Dei quod in Paradiso
perdidisti; redde ex te quod perdidisti per te\) ." +Tis
rebuke of o+tur creatures dyvers devoute women bare
heuely, praying for hem-self to God to take from hem
+tis comon reprefe or suffur hem els no lenger to liff,
(\vnde applicatur illud: "Ad te, Domine, faciem meam
conuert[{o{] ; ad te oculos meos erigo\) . (\Peto, Domine, ut 
de vinculo improperij huius absoluas me, aut certe
desuper terram eripias me," Tobie 3.\)
   But of all +tise women +ter was non hard vn-to Oure 
Ladie was borne, whom holychurche wurshippes +tis day.
Bot +tis Ladie so pleyzed all-myghty God, +te Fadur of
heuen, +tat he send downe is angell vn-to hure to haue
+tis reprefe holpon: (\Malachie 3, "Ecce ego mitto 
angelum meum, qui preparabit viam ante faciem meam,"
id est, ante filium meum\) .
   And as it may be taken of Seynt Austyn, (\primo 
sermone de Anunciacione Dominica,\) whan Gabriel had
knalage +ta[{t{] he was choson to do is message, he com
in-to +te presence of +te Fadur of heven and with all
mekenes a-fore is most soueryn maieste, he seid on +tis 
wise: "Fadur and Lord of euery heuenly and erthly
creature, to +te is all +tinge knowon (Iudith (\9=[{n{]o=\) ).  #
+Tou
knowist verely +te hi+g prudence of +tis nobull virgyn and
also hur sadnes in soule. +Tou knowist also, gracious
Lord, +tis message +tat +tou commaundes me to execute.
It is a werke of gret prevete, keuered in derke seynges of
prophetes of old tyme. By hure +te dewell is putt in
gret drede. So +tan when +tat I sey my message I shall
besy me to encline +tis blessed Ladies will vn-to my
porpose and to shewe hur +tin signet, +te wiche bothe
man and angels ben marked with. (\('Signatum est super
nos lumen vultus tui, Domine,' Psalmo 4=to=).\) And
namely in so hi+g a matur of substaunce she parauntur
will not anone +geue credence to my wordes but ra+tur
suppose me no trewe messanger of so worthy astate.
Where-fore +giff itt like to thy most gracious lordshipp
<P 258>
me to do +tis message, I beseche +te, chef soueraygne
Lord, graunte me +ti signet, where-of when +tat she ha+t
knalage +ter-of, +tat she may applie hur will to +ti godly
purpose."
   The Fadur of heven answerd Gabriell, "+Ti prayour
is resonable, and it shall not be denyed +te. +Tou knawi+t
well, Gabriell, +tat my signet is my speciall grace, +te
wiche I marke with my choson children fro +to +tat be
repreved. And it may well be called my signett, for
itt is so secrete +tat +ter wote no man lyvynge withowte
reuelacion whe+tur +tat he be signett +ter-with or no.
( (\'Nescit homo vtrum amore an odio dignus scit,'
Ecclesiastes 9=no=\) - '+ter knowi+t no man withowte
reuelacion whe+tur +tat he be marked with +te signett
of grace or no' - (\predestinatus\) .) But when +tou commest
vn-to +tis maiden, in hur +tou shalt se my signet of grace.
+Tou seist it neuer so plentevows in no creature. When
+tou commest to hur, gret hur well by +te token of my
speciall grace, and +tan she will resceyve +te as she ow+gth
to do my messanger."
   Anone +tan +tis archangell was in +te cite of Nazareth
and he fownd +ter +tis virgyn, not walkynge abowte in
+te stretis but in hure deuocions in hur chambur, besily
prayinge to all-mygthy God, (\"intra cubiculum orante,"
Matheo\) . He shewed hur +tis signet, seying on +tis wize,
" (\Aue, gracia plena, Dominus tecum; benedicta tu in 
mulieribus\) - hail, full of grace, oure Lord is with +te;
blessed be +tou abowen all wommen." And with +tise
wordes he persceyved anon +tat she was wondur specially
merked with +te signet of oure Lordis grace.
   This blessed maiden with all reuerence and honour
tretid +tis blessed Lordis signet, in +te wiche signet ben
graven succession of dyuers +geres, +te meritis of angels
and man, the begynnyng and +te contynuaunce and
<P 259>
+te ende of all ryghtwisse pepull. And +ter-fore she 
toke avisement afore hur answere, somwhat trowbeled of
so speciall a gretyng; but +gitt she had spokon and seen
aungels afore, as Seynt Barnard seis vppon " (\Missus est\) ."
   But +te language of +te aungell was soleyn and gracius
when +tat he seid +tat she was full of grace and blissed hur
abowon all women. +Tis aungell as a wize messaunger
see +tat she was somdell trowbled, and +ter-fore he spake
to hure more famyliarly, callyng hur by hur name,
seying on +tis wise: " (\Ne timeas, Maria; inuenisti
enim graciam apud Deum\) - drede +te not, maide Mari,
for +tou hast fownden grace aneyns almy+gthy God." As
hoo sei+t. "+Tou arte gracious of +ti-selfe and also shall
be to all Cristen pepull. +Tat shewe I +tus: first, +tou
shalte consceyve with-owten fleshly concupiscence and
brynge forthe a Sonne ( (\ibi Luce primo\) .) +Te cause
here-of is non o+tur bote +tou arte gracious in +ti-self
and shall be to all Cristen peple. But Ladi, +tis Sonne
+tat +tou shalte haue shall not be litill of valowe, but +te
naturall Sonne of allmy+gthy God (\('Filius Altissimi
vocabitur')\) . What may be cause of +tis? Sicurly, for
+tou art gracious to +ti-selfe and shall be to all Cristen
pepull. Far+termare, Ladie, parauntur +tou ashes of +te
maner here-of, how God will haue itt don se+t +tou art 
purposed euer to be a mayde (\('Quo modo fiet istud?'
et cetera)\) . I sey +te Holygoost shall li+gthe vppon +te
and by is infenite vertewe +tis werke shall be endid."
   +Tis good Ladie, heryng +tis message, assentid vn-to +te
will of God and in +te most lowly wize answerd. For
+ter-as +te aungell called hure +te modur of God, she 
calle+t hure-self Goddes lowly seruaunt, seying, (\"Ecce
ancilla Domini; fiat mihi secundum uerbum tuum" - ibi
Luce primo\) .
   I may +tan perfitely conclude by hur wordes and +te 
aungels also +tat +tis Ladie alwey is desirous to holynes
and is gracious and full of compassion vn-to all Cristen
pepull, +te wiche is for oure third and fourte principall.
   She, +tan, +tat was so gracious in hur liff here, is muche
<P 260>
more gracious nowe +tat she is in heven. For +ter
charite euer encrese+t, and +ter she is oure aduocate, and
specially to hure choson seruauntes, as Seynt Anselme
declare+t full swetly in is boke (\De Excellentissima 
Virgin[{e{] \) .
   And also +te story - (\est et cronicus\) - of Seynt Basilie
and of Iulianus, +te emperour and renegate, telle+t of
hur grace wondirly, and on +tis wize: +Tis cursed emperour
Iulian, +te wiche som tyme was a Cristen man and +gede
avey from is fei+gthe and becom an ethen man, and lad
is ost on a tyme by +te citte of Cesare, where Seynt
Basilie was +to bishopp. And for +tinges +tat greved hym,
+tis emperour avowed when +tat he com homward fro
Perse +tat he wold distrow +tat cite and all +te Cristen men
+ter-in. +Tan was +tis holy bishopp sory and praied God
of grace and Oure Ladie with all is deuocions to helpe
+tat Cristen cite. Houre Ladie for+gate hym not, but
graciously herd is prayoure and anon send downe an
aungell and reysed a ded kny+gthe called Sir Mercury,
+te wiche was don to dethe by +tis cursed Iulian. +Te
aungell armed hym and brou+gth hym an hors and seid
vn-to hym +tat he shuld on Goddis by-half and at Our
Ladies commaundement, +tat he shuld ride in-to Persie
and sle +tis terraunt, Goddes enmy. And so he dud.
And when +tis cursed emperour conceyved hym-self
+tus wonded to dethe, anon he +gelded vp is parte and
is opinion, and cast is blode in-to +te eyre and cried vn-to
oure Lord with lowde voyse, " (\Vicisti, Galilee, vicisti\) - 
+tou, Ihesu of Galilee, +tou hast ouercome me." And +tus
+te dampned wreche di+ged in bodie and soule. Lo,
how +tis Ladie hard +tis holy mans prayour and helped +te
Cristen pepull.
   And +giff +tou be a gret synner and drede +te +tat she
will not here +ti prayoure for +ti synne, +tan pray +tou with
+te most synnefull man Theophile, +te wiche +tat forsoke
God vponly afore +te dewell, and wrote is forsakyng and
sealed it with is own seall, and tok it +te dewell is own
person and becam is man. But afturward he sore
<P 261>
repented hym and fled vn-to Oure Ladye for helpe. And
aftur fourty daies penauns Oure Ladie apered vn-to hym
and blamed hym sore for is synne, but +gitt she gat hym
for+geuenes, and brou+gthe a+geyn from +te dewell is writynge
and is seall, and declared +tat God had for+geue hym and
resceyved hym to grace. +Tis is no fabull +tat I sey +gow.
It is euery woke songe and rad in holychurch in remembrance 
of +te good Ladies kyndenes and grace.
   We, +tan, +tat be not ryghtwis as Seynt Basile was,
take we ensampull of Theophile +te synner and pray we
with hym, knowynge mekely oure defawtes, seying +tus
to +tis Lady +tat is most gracious in plesaunce: "Most
comly of persone and most holy in soule, +tou Ladie
choson afore all o+tur, +tou most holy and +tou most 
worshippfull, most excellent in auctorite, +tou most 
benigne, and oure mercyfull Ladie of truste, we beseche
+te to helpe vs +tat we may recovere and haue, here grace
sufficient, and blisse eternall with +ti Sonne, oure Lord
Ihesu, +te wiche is perfite God, with +te Fadere and +te 
Holygoost, and with +te, oure speciall helpe and all 
Cristen pepuls."



<B CMCAPSER>
<Q M4 IR SERM CAPSERM>
<N SERM CAPGRAVE>
<A CAPGRAVE JOHN>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CAPGRAVE, JOHN.
TEXT:  CAPGRAVE'S SERMON.
JOHN CAPGRAVE'S LIVES OF ST. AUGUSTINE AND
ST. GILBERT OF SEMPRINGHAM, AND A SERMON.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 140.
ED. J. J. MUNRO.
NEW YORK, 1971 (1910).
PP. 143.1 - 148.28^]

<P 143>
[} [\A TREATISE OF THE ORDERS UNDER THE
RULE OF ST. AUGUSTINE
FROM A SERMON PREACHED BY JOHN CAPGRAVE
AT CAMBRIDGE IN 1422.\] }] 

<P 145>
   And here begynnyth a tretis of tho orderes +tat be
vndyr +te reule of oure fader Seynt Augustin, drawe oute
of a sermon seyd be frer Ion Capgraue at Cambrige,
+te +gere of our Lord a M cccc xxij.

   We may likne our fader Seynt Augustyn on-to +te holy
patriark Iacob for many causes. On is for interpretacion
of his name, for Iacob is as mech to say as a supplanter
or a deceyuour, for he, at +te comaundment of God, supplanted   #
his
bro+tir, bying his fader blessing for a mese of potage and      #
aftirward
apperyng to his fader in Esaues cote. So may our blessid fader
Augustyn be cleped a supplanter of +te Deuel, for whan +te same
Deuel ha hold him in his seruyse xxx +gere, +tan ran he fro +te
Deuel and took up-one him +te swete +gok of our Lord Ihesu      #
Crist.
For xxj +gere was he in paganite, and ix +gere in +te heresie   #
of +te
Manychees. He may be cleped Iacob also, for euene as Iacob
sey our Lord God fas to fas, so our maystir, with secret        #
contemplacion,
was as ny God as ony erdely man myte be, as may be
wel perceyued be +te labour whech he had in inuestigacion of    #
+te
godhed in +te bokes whech he mad of +te Trynyte. This Iacob
had xij sones, to whom all +te lond of byhest was distribute    #
and
departed be Moyses & Iosue. And +tis Augustin hath xij          #
religious
cumpanies, be whech xij all holy cherch her in erde is          #
replecchid.
We wil at +tis tyme on-to +gour deuoute eres open +tese Hebrew
names of +tese xij tribus, and referr hem to dyuers religions   #
whech
lyue vndir Seynt Austyn reule.
   The first be-goten child hite Iudas. For Iudas is as mech
to sey as a preyser, and +tese men preise God nyte & day in     #
holy
songis & ympnis whech +tei continuely be vsed too. And +tis
<P 146>
Iudas eke may be referred on-to +too heremites +tat Seynt       #
Augustin
mad ny iij +gere be-for +tat he was bischop at Ypone, and mad   #
+tere
chanones. This mater is proued with grete euydens in +te book
whech I mad to a gentil woman in Englisch, and in +te book      #
whech
I mad to +te abbot of Seynt Iames at Norhampton in Latin, whech
boke I named Concordia, be-cause it is mad to reforme charite
be-twix Seynt Augustines heremites and his chanones. In +tese
same bokes may men se +te names of +te first faderes of +tis    #
order of
heremites, whech heremites Simplician sent wit+g Augustin on-to
Affrik.
   The second child of +tis Iacob, he hite Ruben, and +tis      #
Ruben is
referred on-to chanones seculer swech as be in cathedral        #
cherchis.
For Ruben is as mech to sey as seing in +te myddis, or seing    #
be +te
myddis. What schal we calle bettir +te myddis +tan +tis present
lif? What was be-for +tis lif ordeyned for us is on-knowe. What
we schal haue aftir +tis lif it is in doute, saue we hope       #
veryly, be +te
good menes of +tis myd lif, to come sumtyme to Goddis mercy.
But men wil merueyle perauentur whi +tat I sette seculer        #
chanones
be-for reguler, and +tis [{is{] my cause. Thoo chanones +tat    #
dwelled
with Seynt Augustin whan he was bischop went in clo+tis of      #
dyuers
colouris and in precious furres and with girdel & barres of     #
syluer
and gilt, as is manifestly writyn in his sermones, (\Ad         #
fratres in
heremo\) , and +tis aray long not to reguler chanones.
   The +tird son of Iacob he hite Gad, and his name is as mech  #
to
sey as a man +tat is wel girt. Girdyng in holy scriptur is take
for restreynyng of our body fro uices, and +tis may be applied  #
in
+te best maner to chanones reguler, whech, with holy            #
obseruaunces
girdyn her bodies fro sinful werkis & here soules fro foule     #
desires.
If +tese men be-gunne with Augustin in his cherch in +te same
degre as +tei stand now, sum men haue doute; but I wyl not
stryue. I be-leue wel +tat +tere had +tei her beginnyng but +te
harder distinccion fro +te first ordr was mad sithe be o+tir    #
holy
faderes, as +te munkis of Charturehous cam oute of +te blake
ordr. Many euydens haue I mad in my book Concordia +tat
<P 147>
Seint Ruffus not be-gan +tis ordr, but +tat he reformed +tis    #
ordre.
So may I wel be-leue +tat her first fundacion cam fro Augustin.
   The iiij son of Iacob, he hite Aser. Aser is as mech to sei
as blessed, and +tis blessing is referred to +te grete noumbir  #
of +tat
holy congregacion whech Seynt Dominice gadered and ordeyned,
to +tis entent, +tat +tei schuld labour in +te world and with   #
here
preching distroy synne in +te puple and plant vertue. This      #
ordre
be-gan Seyn Dominice +te +ger of oure Lord a M cc xvj.
   The v. son of Iacob hite Neptalim, as mech for to sey as
gret brede; be +tis vndirstund we +te knytes of Seynt Ion whech
begunne first at Ierusalem, and now ar +tei spred +torw-oute    #
all +tis
world. Her institucion is to defende Cristen feith a-geyn       #
Turkes
and Sarsines. And all +too possessiones whech +tei haue in      #
londis
of pees pay tribute to +te hous of Rodes.
   The sext son hite Manasse, and he is for [{to{] sey as       #
obliuious.
This son be-tokneth +te heres of Pruce whech wer institute to   #
+te
same entent to defense of +te bordures of cristen men a-geyn    #
+te
enmyes of +te crosse. Obliuious be +tei cleped be-cause +tei    #
must
for+gete +te delectable lyf of +tis world and put her bodies    #
in grete
perel for +te honour of Crist. The differens of +te habite of   #
+tese
too knytes is +tis, +tat +tei of Seynt Iones haue blak mantell  #
with
a crosse, and +tei of Pruce white mantell with a crosse.
   The vij son of Iacob, he hite Simeon, whech soundith in our
tonge heuynesse or pencifnesse, and +tis may be applied with    #
grete
conueniens on-to +tat ordre +tat was founded at Sempyngham be
+te solicitude of Seynt Gilbert, of whech Seynt, be-cause I mad
a special tretis on-to +te maystir of +tat ordr, +terfor in     #
+tis place
I touch no mor of him.
   The viij son of Iacob, he hite Leui, +tat soundeth in owre
langage a moryng or a multipliyng of +ting +tat was be-gunne,
and be +tis name we vndirstande +te ordr of Premonstracenses,
whech be-gan in Fraunce vndir a holy man +tei cleped Norbertus,
+te +ger of our Lord a M and a hundred, and be-cause +tat I mad
his lyf in Englisch to +te abbot of Derham +tat deyid last,     #
+terfor as
now I wil no lenger tarie in +tat fundacion.
   The ix son of Iacob, he hite Ysacar; he soundeth in our
<P 148>
langage grete mede for laboure; +tis wil we applie to +tat      #
ordre
whech +tei clepe +te Freres of +te Crosse, for +tis cause, for  #
+tat
crosse on her breest schul make hem so to labour in +te weye of
Crist +tat +tei schuld come aftir her labour to euyrlasting     #
mede.
Off +tis ordre haue I as +get no certeyn knowlech, who was her
foundor, or vndir what Pope, or kyng, +tei be-gunne.
   The x son of Iacob, he hite +gabulon, and in our langage it
may be cleped a dwellyng-place of strength. Ful wel longith     #
+tis
interpretacion on-to +te ordr of Seynt Bryde; +tei haue a       #
mansion
of strength, for +tei be sperd fro vanites of +te world, whech  #
vanytes
ar ouyr open to many men. This holy woman Bryde be-gan +tis
order and went to Rome for confirmacion; who wil se hir lyf and
hir reuelaciones he may diffusely se it in hir book, as now I   #
haue
no tyme to tary lenger in +tat mater.
   The xj son hite Ioseph, and he is to sey a moring or         #
augmentacion;
+tis is applied to certeyn chanones of +tat hous whech be
of +te ordr of Seynt Victor. This hous of Seynt Victour is in
Paris, to whech I trowe +tei longe. We haue in our libraries    #
many
sundry bookes +tat to chanones of +tat hous mad; on of hem hite
Hewe, +te o+tir hite Richard, notabel clerkis +tei wer and men  #
of
holy lyf.
   The xij son hite Beniamin; he is +te son +tat longith to     #
+te rite
hand, as euery religious man with +te mercy of God doth. This
son, be-cause he is +gongest of age, is likned on-to an ordre   #
whech
is not in +te world, as +tei sey, but in Northfolk. Four        #
houses had
+tei and on of hem is fall on-to +te kyngis hand, & he gaue it  #
to
Walsingham; +te hous hite Petirston: o+ter informacion of hem
haue I not at +tis tyme.



<B CMMIRK>
<Q M3/4 IR SERM MIRK>
<N FESTIAL>
<A MIRK JOHN>
<C M3/4>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MIRK, JOHN.
MIRK'S FESTIAL: A COLLECTION OF HOMILIES,
BY JOHANNES MIRKUS (JOHN MIRK), PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 96.
ED. T. ERBE. 
LONDON, 1905. 
PP. 1.4  - 5.36  (1) 
PP. 82.9 - 85.10 (19)^]

<P 1>
[} [\1.\] }]
[}ADVENT SONDAY.}]
   Good men and woymen, +tys day, as +ge knowen well, ys cleped
Sonenday yn +te Aduent; +tat ys, +te Sonenday of Cristys        #
comyng.
Wherfor +tys day holy chyrch makyth mencyon of two comyngys
of Crist, Godys sonne, ynto +tys world, forto by mankind out
of +te deueles bondage, and to bryng hym and weldoers to +te
blys +tat euer schall last. And his o+ter comyng, +tat schall   #
be
at +te day of dome, forto deme all wikytdoers ynto +te pyt of
hell for euermor. But +te for[{m{]e comyng of Cryst ynto +tys   #
world
broght ioy and blysse wyth hym; +terfor holy chyrch vsyth
summe songes of melody, as Alleluja and o+ter. And for +te      #
comyng
of Cryst to +te dome schall be so jrus and so cruell, +tat
no tong may tell, +terfor holy chirch layth downe sum songes
of melody as: (\'Te Deum laudamus,' 'Gloria in excelsis,'\) and
'Weddyng.' For aftyr +tat day schall weddyng neuer be. +Tus
holy chirche lay+te downe songys of melody befor, yn tokenyng
of vengans +tat woll come aftyr.
   Then of +te fyrst comyng of Cryst into +tys world, +tus      #
sayth
Seynt Austyne: '+Ter ben +tre +tyngys +tat ben ryuet yn +tys
world: burth, trauell, and de+te.' +Tys ys +te testament +tat
Adam, our formast fadyr, made to all his ospryng aftyr hym,     #
+tat
ys: forto be borne yn sekenes, forto lyuen yn trauayle, and     #
forto
dye yn drede. But Crist - blessyt most he be! - he come forto
be executure of +tys testament: and was borne, and trauayld,
and dyet. He was borne to bryng man out of sekenes ynto
euerlastyng hele; he trauaylde forto bryng man ynto euerlastyng
<P 2>
reste; he was ded forto bryng man ynto +te lyfe +tat
neuer schall haue ende. +Tys was +te cause of Crystys fyrst     #
comyng
ynto +tys world. Wherfor he +tat wyll scape +te dome +tat he
wyll come to at +te second comyng, he most lay downe all maner
of pride and heynes of hert, and know hymselfe +tat he ys not
but a wryche and slyme of erth, and soo hold mekenes yn his
hert. He most trauayl his body yn good werkes, and gete his
lyfe wyth swynke, and put away all ydylnes and slewth. For
he +tat wyll not trauayle here wyth men, as Seynt Barnard
sayth, he schall trauayle ay wyth +te fendes of hell. And for
dred of deth he mot make hym redy to his God, when he woll
send aftyr hym, +tat ys: schryuen of his synnys, and allway
kepe his concyens clene not forto abyde from lenton to lenton,
but as sone as he fele+te +tat he hath synnet, anoon goo        #
schryue
hym, and mekly take +te dome of his schryft-fadyr: +ten schall
he haue yn +te day of dome gret remedy and worschip. For
ryght as a knyght scheweth +te wondys +tat he ha+te yn batayle,
yn moche comendyng to hym; ryght so all +te synnys +tat
a man hath schryuen hym of, and taken hys penans for, schull
be +ter yschewet yn moch honowre to hym, and moche confucyon
to +te fende. And +tose +tat haue not schryuen hom, hit schall  #
be
schowet to all +te world yn gret confusyon and schenschyp. +Tys
ys sayde for +te fyrst commyng of Cryst ynto +tys world.
   The secunde comyng of hym to +te dome schall so cruell be,
and ferdfull, and horrybull, +tat +ter schal com befor xv       #
dayes of
gret drede; so by +te drede of +tes dayes +tat comen befor, a   #
man
may know aparty the horobylyte +tat schall be yn +te dome, +tat
comyth aftyr.
   The fyrst day, as Saynt Jerom sayth, +te see schall aryse
vp yn hyr styd, soo +tat +te watyr schall be hear then ayny     #
hyll,
by xl=ti= cubytys, stondyng styll yn her styd, as hit wer a     #
wall.
   The ij. day hit schall fall downe, so +tat vnne+te hit       #
schall be
yseyne.
   The iij. day +te seeswyne and +te cloppys of +te see schull
<P 3>
stond on +te see and make roryng noyse so hyddous, +tat no man
can tell hit but God hymselfe.
   The iiij. day +te see and all watyrs schull bren.
   The v. day treus and herbys schull swete blode, and all
fowles schull come togedyr and no+ter ete ne drynke for ferd of
+te dome comyng.
   The vj. day all byldyngys and castelles schull fall adowne   #
to
+te grownde, and an horrybull fyre schall aryse at +te sonne    #
goyng
downe, and +ten a+geyne at +te vprysyng of hym.
   The vij. day all stons and rockes schull vche all tobeton    #
o+ter
wyth a hydwes noyse, whech noyse God hymselfe schall know
and vndyrstond.
   The viij. day +te er+te schall quake so horribuly, +tat no   #
best
schall stond on hit, but all schall fal to +te grownd.
   The ix. day all hyllys and mowntaynys schull turne ynto
powdyr, and +te er+te schall be made playne and euen.
   The x. day men schull goo out of hur dennys +ter +tay daret
for drede so amated for fer, +tat non schall speke to o+ter.
   The xj. day all +te bones of +te ded men schull ryse and     #
stond
vp on hor graues, and +tat day all graues schull opyn.
   The xij. day sterres schull fall from heuen and spred out of
hom brennyng lemes.
   The xiij. day all men schull be redy to aryse +tat haue ben
ded befor.
   The xiiij. day heuen and er+te schull bren so horrybly, +tat
no man may tell hit.
   The xv. day heuen and er+t schull be made newe, and all men
and woymen and childyrne schull aryse vp yn +te age of xxx=ti=
+gere and come to +te dome.
   Then schal Ihesu Crist, veray God and man, come to +te
dome, and al seyntys wyth hym, and schow all his wondys all
fresch, and newe, and bledyng, as +tat day +tat he deyet on +te
crosse. And +ter +te crosse schall be schewet all blody, and    #
all
o+ter ynstrumentys of his passyon. Then sory may +tay be +tat
haue ben wont to swer by his hert, by sydes, by blod and bones
of hym; +tat schall be to hym a hygh fure and a hygh confusyon,
but +tay wer sory +terof befor.
<P 4>
   Then schall Cryst heghly +tonke hom, and prayse hom +tat han
don mercy to hor euen-cristyn, and schall say +tus to hom: 'My
fadyrs blessyd chyldyrne come+te ynto +te joy +tat euer schall  #
last.
For when I was hongry, +ge fedden me; when I was thursty, +ge
gaf me dryngke; when I was naket, +ge clo+tet me; when I was
herberles, +ge herbert me; when I was seke, +ge vyset me;       #
+gevyng
me +tat +tat was nedfull to me; when I was yn pryson, +ge come  #
to
me and confortet me. For when +ge dyddyn +tus for my loue, +ge
dydden hyt to me and as moche +tonke I kan you for +tat +ge
dydden to +te lest of myn, as +ge hadden don hit to myn owne
selfe; wherfor goo +ge now ynto +tat ioye +tat euer schall      #
last.'
   Then schall he horrubly rebuken ryche men +tat han don no
mercy, and say to hom spytwysly +tus: 'Goo +ge curset lystes
ynto +te payne of helle, for +ge hadden ynogh wherof to haue    #
fed
me and my seruantys, and +geue me dryngke, yclo+tet me, and
herbert me, and holpen me yn my sekenes, and vyset me yn my
dyses, and +ge wold not, but louet your good and not me.        #
Wherfor
goo +ge now ynto +te fyre of helle +tat ys ordeynt to +te       #
fendys
of hell wythout any mercy; for +ge wold do no mercy, and        #
+terfor +ge
schull haue no mercy.'
   Then woo schall be to hom +tat schall here +tys rebuke yn    #
+tat
day; +ter schall no pleder helpe, ne gold, ne syluyr, ne othyr
yftes; but as a man hath don, he schall haue. He schall haue
accusars aboue hym, wythyn hym, on aythyr syde hym, and vndyr
hym, +tat he schall no way scape. Aboue hym schall be Crist his
domes-man so wro+te, +tat no tong con tell, for he dyt no       #
mercy;
wythyn hym his on concyens accusyng hym of +te lest +toght +tat
euer he dyd amys; hys angyll on +tat on syde tellyng hym redely
wher and how oft he ha+te don amys; on +tat o+ter syde fendes
chalenchyng hym horres as by ryght; vndyr hym helle +geonyng,
and galpyng, and spyttyng fyre and stench forto swolon hym
ynto +te payne +tat neuer schall haue ende.
   Thys, good men, +ge schull know well +tat yn +te day of dome
pore men schull be domes-men wyth Cryst, and dome +te ryche.
For all +te woo +tat pore men hauen, hit ys by +te ryche men;
<P 5>
and +togh +tay haue moche wrong, +tay may not gete amendes,
tyll +tay come to +tat dome; and +ter +tay schall haue all hor  #
one
lust of hom. For when +tay haue wrong, and mow gete non
amendys, +ten +tay pray ful hertely to God forto qwyt hom yn
+te day of dome; and woll he truly. For +tus he sayth by his
profyt: 'Kepytt your veniauns to me, and I wyll qwyt you.'
Wherfor, syrs, for Goddys loue, whyll +ge byn here, makyth
amendes for your mys-dedys, and maky+te hom your frendes
+tat schall be our domes-men, and tryst +ge not to hom +tat     #
schall
com aftyr you, lest +ge ben deseyuet, and dredyth +te payne of  #
hell
+tat schall last wythouten any ende.
   Seynt Bede telle+te +tat +ter was a husbond-man here yn      #
Englond
+tat fell seke, and lay as for ded from +te euentyde tyll +te   #
morow.
+Ten aros he, and departed his gedys yn +tre partyes, and his   #
partye
he gaf to pore men, and +gede and was made a monke yn an abbay
+tat stod by a watyr syde. Ynto +te whech watyr ych nyght he    #
+gede
yn, wer hyt neuer soo coold forste, and stod ther long tyme of  #
+te
nyght. And when he was asket, why he put hymselfe ynto so
moche penaunce, he vnswered: 'Forto eschoyn +te more payne
+tat I haue seyn,' and ete barly-bred, and dranke watyr all his
lyfe aftyr. And he wold tell to relygyous men +te payne +tat he
segh, +tat was soo gret, +tat he cowthe not tel hit openly. He
sayde +tat an angyll lad hym ynto a place +tat on +te toon syde
was suche a colde, that no tong myght tell +te payne +terof;    #
and
on +tat o+ter syde was suche a hete, +tat no man myght tell +te
payne +terof, ny of +te hete: and sowles wern cast out of +tat  #
won
into +te to+ter. And so +tat angyll schewet hym +te fyre +tat   #
come
out at +te mow+te, +tat was +te fyre of hell; +tat was so       #
hote, +tat als
ferre as he myght seen hit, hym +toght he brennet for hete. And
yn +te lees +terof he segh sowles bulmyng vp and don, cryyng
horrybuly, and a noyse of fendes cryyng: 'Sle, sle, sle, sle,   #
sle,
sle, opon +te broche, rost hote, cast ynto +te cawdren, sethe   #
fast
yn pyche, and cood, and brymston, and hot leed!' +Tus +tay +tat
ben dampnet to hell, +tay styntyn neuer to cry and +gelle: 'Woo
ys hym +tat +tedyr schall goo.' God hymselfe scheld vs +terfro,
and bryng vs to +te blys he boght vs to. Amen. 


<P 82>
[} [\19.\] }]
[} (\DE DOMINICA IN QUADRAGESIMA SERMO BREUIS.\) }]
   Good men and woymen, +tys day ys called in holy chyrch
Sonday yn Quadragesin. +Ten ys quadragesin a nowmbur of
fourty; for fro +tis day to Astyr ben forty dayes +tat byth     #
+te te+tedayes
of +te +gere. And for ych man dothe forfet more o+ter las,
+terfor, forto make satysfaccyon for +tat gylt, yche man ys     #
holden
by +te lawe of holy chyrch to fast +tes fourty dayes, outtaken  #
hom
+tat +te lawe dyspensyth wyth for nede. That ben chyldyr wythyn
xxi +gere, woymen wyth chyld, old men passed age and myghtles
to fast, pylgrymys, and seke, and pore, and +tes +tat labryn    #
sore
fore hor lyuelod: +tus +te lawe dyspensyth wyth apon hore
concyens. +Ten for bycause +tat Sonday ys no day of fastyng,
+terfor +ge schull begyn your fast at Aske-Wanysday, and +tat   #
day
com to holy chyrche, and take askes at +te prestys hond, and    #
ber
forth in your hert +tat he sayth to you, when he layth askes on
your hedys. +Ten he saythe +tus: 'Man, thynke +tat +tou art but
eskys, and to eskys +tou schalt a+geyne turne.' +Ten byn +ter   #
+tre
dyuerse skylles why +ge schull fast +tes fourty dayes.
   On ys, bycause as +te gospell of +tys day telly+te, how      #
+tat +te
Holy Gost lad our Lord ynto desert +tat was bytwyx Ierusalem
and Ieryco, forto be temptyd of +te fende. And was +ter fourty
dayes and so mony nyghtys fastyng for our loue, schouyng to vs
and all cristen men and pepull +te uertu and +te mede +tat      #
comyth
of fastyng; +te wheche uertu and mede ben expressed yn +te
<P 83>
preface yn +te masse +tat ys sayde in holy chyrche +tes fourty  #
dayes.
Ther ys sayde +tus: '+Te bodely fast +trostys don vysis, and    #
lyfty+te
manys hert to God, and +gevyth hym vertu and mede; hit +geuyth
hym mede in Heuen +tat euer schall last, and uertu yn er+te     #
gret.'
For, as clerkys telly+te and techyth, for +te spolde of a       #
fasting man
may sle any eddyr bodyly. Then, moche mor, he schall sle +te    #
myght
of +te deuyll, +tat ys +te old eddyr, +te fende of hell, +tat   #
come to Eue
yn paradyce in lyckenes of an eddyr, forto tempt hur of         #
gloteny,
of vayne glory, and of couetyce. Ryght so he come to Crist yn
lykenes of a man, lest he had ben knowyn, and temptyd hym of
+tat same synne. Thus, as +te gospell telly+te, when Crist had  #
fast so
long, and was by kynd of manhed anhongred, +te fende come to
hym, and schewed hym stonys, and sayde: 'Yf +tou be Godys
sonne, make +tes stonys brede'; +tat ryght as Eue, when scho    #
sygh
+te appull, was raght forto ete +terof, ryght so he had hope    #
forto
haue made Crist, and so by gloteny haue eten of +te brede: for
gloteny ys not yn a manys mete, but yn foule appetyte. +Ten
sayd Crist to hym: 'A man schall not only lyue by bred; but
yche word +tat go+te out of Godys mow+te.' +Ten +te fende toke
Crist, and set hym on a pynacull on +te tempull, and sayde: 'Yf
+tou be God sonne, bryng +tyselfe downe wythout monys helpe,    #
+tat
I may know +te for Godys sonne.' Then sayde Crist: 'Tou schalt
not tempte God, +ty Lorde.' +get, +te +tryd tyme, he toke hym,  #
and
set hym on a hegh hulle, and schewed hym all +te kyndomes of    #
+te
world by takyng, and all +te ioyes of hom. And when he had all
told hym, he sayd +tus to hym: 'All +tes I woll +geue +te, so   #
+tat
+tou wolt fall don to +te er+te and worschyp me.' Then he       #
vnswared
and sayde: 'Goo on bak, Sathan, hit ys wryttyn: +tou schalt
worschyp +ty Lord God, and only serve hym.' +Ten +te fende      #
lafte
hym, and angelys comyn, and broghten hym mete.
   Then, for +te fende ys most bysy forto make yche man to gylt
yn +tes +tre synnes, most +tes fourty dayes, +terfor you        #
nedythe +tre
helpys a+geynys hom; +tat ben +tese: a+geynys gloteny,          #
abstynens;
a+geynys pryde, mekenes; a+geynes couetyse, largenes. Then      #
a+geyne
gloteny +ge most fast, +tat ys, not ete befor tyme; but abyde   #
tyll
none of +te daye. And when +ge byn at your mete, ete +ge not
<P 84>
frechudly, no more +ten ano+ter tyme, ny sytte for lust no      #
lengyr
+ten ano+ter day, and be+te well war +tat +ge fast, bo+te day   #
and nyght,
as Crist dude. Ther byth mony +tat fastyn +te day at on mele;
but +tay wyll sytte moche of +te nyght, and drynke, and soo     #
full
hor wombe wyth drynke as well as wyth mete; and +tay +tat don
so, don gloteny. And also +ge most fast from all maner flesch
mete and whyt-mete; for as Ierom says: 'Eggys and chese byn
molton flesche, and mylke ys wyth blod.' And forto shew         #
ensampull
of holy chyrch, takyth hede on +te prest +tat go+te to
masse, +tat ys, to Godys bord, how he at hys bygynnyng bow+te   #
his
knees to God, and byddy+te all o+ter do soo; and also, at +te   #
end
of hys masse, he byddu+te all men bow herre hedys to God. So do
+ge when +ge gon to your Lord: furst worschip +ge God wyt a     #
Pater
Noster and an Aue o+ter mo, as your deuocyon ys, and maketh
a crosse on your mete, and aftyr mete +tonkyth God wyth ano+ter
Pater Noster and an Aue, +tat euer sendyth you mete at your 
nede. +Tus +ge schull a+geynes gloteny.
   And a+geyn vayn glory +tat ys yn mannys hert, +ge most fast
wythyn-forth gostly. +ge schull put away all euell +toghtes of
heghnes, and haue +toghtys of lones. +Tenky+te how a man ys
borne febull, and seke, and naked, and pore; and how he go+te
yche day a journay toward his deth, woll he, nyll he; and how
+tat, at +te last, dethe comy+te and casty+te hym downe seke    #
yn hys 
bed, gronyng and sykyng, and sone casty+te vp hys mete and hys
drynke, and turnet hyde and hew; and how his brethe stinkyth,
hys lyppys wexyn blew, hys face pale, hys een +golow, hys       #
mow+te
fro+tys: and so, at +te last, wyth depe +goskyng +geldyth vp    #
+te gost.
Then lythe +ter but a stynkyng stoke of +gerthe, and ys hyed    #
to be
putte ynto +te er+te, and laft +ter, and sone for+getyn. Hold   #
+tys yn
your mynd; and I hope +tys schall put away pryde.
   A+geynes couetyse +ge schull fast wythyn and wythout.        #
Wythyn:
for oure bysy +toghtys of wo[{r{]ldys occupacyon and of         #
hardnes, to
hold good a+geynes Godys byddyng. Also wythout: your hondys
+tat han ben ay redy forto take, now +ge schull make hom redy
forto reche +te pore mete, and drynke, and +tat +tay han nede
to; for +te hondys be not wor+ty to heue vp to God, +tat be not
wont to reche +te pore mete. And +ti[{l{]ke folke +tat han ben  #
bysy
erly and late to walke aboute worldely good, now schuld be
<P 85>
bysy, alsoo, to vyset pore and seke, and goo on pylgrymage, and
goo to +te chyrch, to here Godys seruyce. And +ge +tat ha+te    #
before
fast for chynchnes, now schall spare on hys mou+te, to +geue    #
suche
+tat haue nede. Thys fast plesyth God more and helpeth +te      #
soule
hegly; for ryght as watyr quenchyth fyre, ryght so almys-dede
quenchyth synne. Wherfor +te profyt sayth +tus: '+geue allmes,
and all +tyng schall be clene to you, soo +tat hyt be +geuen    #
wyth
good wyll.' But, mor harme ys, +ter byn mony +tat han mor lust
to fede hor owne bodyes wyth lusty metys, and drynkes, and
daynte+ts, +ten forto +geue a pore man a schyue of bred.   



<B CMGAYTRY>
<Q M3/4 IR SERM GAYTR>
<N SERM GAYTRYGE>
<A GAYTRYGE DAN JON>
<C M3/4>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D NO>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^GAYTRYGE, DAN JON.
TEXT:  DAN JON GAYTRYGE'S SERMON.
RELIGIOUS PIECES IN PROSE AND VERSE.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 26.
ED. G. G. PERRY.
NEW YORK, 1969 (1914).
PP. 1.1 - 15.4^]

<P 1>
[}I. DAN JOHN GAYTRYGE'S SERMON.}]

Here begynnes a Sermon +tat Dan Iohn Gaytryge made, +te
whilke teeches how scrifte es to be made, & whare-of, and in
scrifte how many thynge+g solde be consederide. (\Et est Petrus
sentenciarum discrecione prima`.\) 

   Als a grett Doctour schewes in his buke, of all +te
creatoures +tat Gode made in heuen and in erthe,
in water and in ayere, or in oghte elles, +te Souerayne
cause & +te skyll whi He mad +tam was His awen
gud will and His gudnes, Thurgh +te whilke gudnes,
alls He es all gude, He walde +tat some creatures of +tase +tat
He made ware communers of +tat blyse +tat euer-mare lastis.
And for +tat na creatoure myghte come to +tat blyse with-owtten
knaweyng of Godd, als +tat clerkes teches, He made
skillwyse creatours Angelle and man, of witt and wysdom to
knawe God Almyghtyn, and, thorowe +taire knawynge lufe
Hym and serue Hym, and so come to +tat blyse +tat +tay ware 
made to. This manere of knawynge had oure forme-fadyrs in
+te state of Innocence +tat +tay ware mad In; and so sulde we
hafe hade, if +tay had noghte synnede. Noghte so mekill als
hally saules hase now in heuen, Bot mekill mare +tan man
hase now in erthe. For oure fourme-fadyrs synned, sayse +te
prophete, and we bere +te wykkydnes of +taire mysdedis; For
+te knawyng +tat +tay had of Godd All-myghten, they had it of
Goddes gyfte at +taire begynnynge, with-owtten trauayle, or
tray, or passinge of tym. And all +te knaweyng +tat we hafe
in +tis werlde of Hym, es of heryng, and of lerynge, and of
techyng of o+ter, of +te law and +te lare +tat langes till Haly
<P 2>
Kyrke, +te whilke all creatours +tat lufes God Almyghten awe
to knawe and to cun, and lede +taire lyfe aftir, and swa come
to +tat blysse +tat neuer mare blynnes.
   And for-thi +tat mekill folke now in +tis werlde ne ere      #
noghte 
wele ynoghe lerede to knawe God Almyghty, ne lufe Hym ne
serue Hym als +tay sulde do, and als +taire dedys oftesythes
opynly schewes, in gret perell to +tam, to lyfe and to saule;
and perawnter +te defaute may be in thaym +tat hase +tair       #
saules
for to kepe, and thaym sulde teche, - als prelates and persons,
vicars and prestes, +tat ere halden by dett for to lere +tam - 
For-thi our Fadir +te byschope +tat God Almyghty saue, +tat,
als Sayn Paule sayse in his pystill, will +tat all men be safe,
and knawe God Almyghten, and namely +tase vndirlowttes +tat
till hym langes, hase tretide and Ordeyned for +te comon
profett, thorowe +te councell of his clergy, +tat ilkane +tat
vndir hym hase cure of saule, Opynly, one ynglysche, apon
sonnondayes, preche and teche +taym +tat +tay hase cure off,
+te lawe and +te lare to knawe God Almyghty, +tat principally   #
may
be schewede in theis sexe thynges - In +te fourtene poyntes
+tat falles to +te trowthe, In +te ten commandementes +tat
Gode hase gyfen vs, In +te Seuen Sacramentes +tat er in 
Haly Kyrke, In +te Seuen werkes of mercy vntill oure euen
crystyn, In +te seuen vertus +tat ilke man sall vse, And
in +te Seuen dedly Synnes +tat ilke man sall refuse. And he
byddes and commandes in all +tat he may, +tat all +tat hase
cure or kepynge vndir hym Enioyne +tair parischennes and +tair 
sugettes +tat +tay here and lere +tise ilke sex thynges, and
oftesythes reherse +tam till +tat +tay cun +tam, and sythen
teche +tam +tair childir, if +tay any haue, whate tym so +tay
are of elde to lere +tam. And +tat persouns and vycars and
all parische prestis, Enquere delygently of +tair sugettes In
+te lentyn tym, when +tay come to scryfte, whe+ter +tay knawe
and cun +tise sex thynges; and if it be funden +tat +tay cun
+tam noghte, +tat +tay Enjoyne +tam appon his behalfe, and
Of payne of penance, for to cun +tam. And for-thi +tat nane
sall excuse thaym thurghe vnknawlechynge for to cun +tam,
<P 3>
our haly Fadir +te beschope, of his gudnes, hase ordaynede
and bedyn +tat +tay be schewede opynly one ynglysche amanges
+te folke.
   Whare-fore, anence +te fyrste of +tise sex thynges +tat es   #
to
knawe, +te articles +tat falles to +te trouthe, - als gret      #
clerkes
teches and schewes in thaire bukes, - Thare Falles to +te       #
faythe
fourtene poyntes; Of +te whilke seuen Falles to Goddes          #
Goddhede,
and o+ter seuen Falles to Cristes manehede. The firste
poynte +tat we sall trowe of +te Godhede, Es to trow            #
stedfastely
In a trewe Godd, and +tat na no+ter es for to trowe In. The 
to+ter es, +tat +te heghe Fadir of heuen es stedfaste and       #
sothefaste
Godd Almyghtyn. The thirde es, +tat Ihesu Criste, Goddes
Sone of heuen, es sothefastely Gode, euen till His Fadir. The
ferthe es, +tat +te Haly Gaste, +tat samenly commes of bathe    #
+te
Fadir and +te Sonne, es sothefaste Godde, euen to +taym bathe;
and +te whethir noghte twa Goddes, +te Fadir and +te Sonne, ne
thre Goddes, +te Fadir and +te Sonne & +te Haly Gaste, Bot thre
sere persouns, and noghte bot a Godd. The fyfte arctecle es,
+tat +te Trynyte, +te Fadir and +te Sonne and +te Haly Gaste,
thre persouns and a Godd, es makere of heuen and erthe and
of all thynges. The Sexte artycle es, +tat Haly Kirke, oure
modire, es hallyly ane thorow-owte +te werlde, that es,         #
comonynge
and felawrede of all cristen folke +tat comouns to-gedir in +te
sacramentes, and in o+ter haly thynges +tat falles till Haly    #
Kyrke,
with-owtten +te whilke ne es na saule hele. The Seuend
article +tat vs awe to trowe es, vppe-rysynge of flesche, and   #
life
with-owtten Ende. For when +te dede hase sundyrde oure
bodyes and oure saules for a certayne tym, als oure kynd askes,
vnto when +tat God sall deme +te qwykke and +te dede, Thane
oure saules sall turne agayne till oure bodyes, and we +tase    #
ilke
(and nane o+ter +tan we are nowe), sothefastely sall ryse vp in
body and saule, +tat neuer mare sall sundire, fra +tat tym      #
furthe,
bot Samen (if we wele doo whiles we er here) wende with Godd
to +tat blysse +tat euer-mare lastes. And if we euyll do, till
Endles payne.
<P 4>
   Thir are o+ter seuen poyntes of Cristes Manhede +tat are
nedfull to trowe, till all +tat are crystyn. The fyrste es,     #
+tat
Ihesu Criste, Goddes Sone of heuen, was sothefastely conceyuede
of +te maden Marie, and tuke flesche and blude, and become
man thurghe +te myghte and +te strenghe of +te Haly Gaste,      #
with-owtten
any merryng of hir modirhede, with-owtten any mynynge
of hir maydenhede. The to+ter artecle es, +tat we sall trowe
+tat He, Godd and man bathe in a persoune, was sothefastely of
+tat blessyde mayden, Godd getyn of His Fadire be-fore any
tyme, and man, born of His modir, and broghte furthe in tyme.
The thirde poynte +tat we sall trowe es, Cristes Passione
that He tholede bodyly for synfull man-kynde, How He was
betraysede with His disciple, and taken with +te Iewes, beten
with scourges, +tat na skynn helde, naylede one +te rude, and
corounde with thornes, and many o+ter harde paynes, and dyede
at +te laste. The ferthe artecle es, +tat whene He was dede,
and His body tane doun, and wonden and doluen, +git +te whills
His body lay in +te graue, +te gaste with +te Godhede wente     #
vnto
Helle, and heryede it, and tuke owte +tase +tat ware +tare-in,  #
als
Adam and Eue and o+ter Forme-fadyrs whilke He in His forluke
walde +tat ware sauede. The fyfte poynte es, +tat one +te
thirde day after +tat He dyede, He rase fra dede to lyfe,
Sothefaste Godd and man in body and in saule. For als He
dyede in seknes of oure manhede, So He rase thurghe strenghe
of His Godhede, and swa dystroyed oure dede thurgh His
diynge, and quykkynd vs vnto lyfe thurghe His rysesynge.
The sexte artecle es, +tat we sall trowe +tat one +te fourtede
day eftyr +tat He rase, Thurgh strenghe of Hym-selfe, He steye
in-till Heuen, whare oure kynde es nowe in His blyssyde
personne, noghte anely euynne ne mete till His angells, Bot hey
coround kynge abowne all His angells, +tat be-fore tym was
lesse +tan +te kynde of angells. The seuend article es, +tat
righte als He dyede, and eftirwarde rase, and stey in-till
heuen, Righte swa sall He come apon +te laste day, Bathe
for to deme +te qwykke and +te dede, whare all +te folke +tat
euer was, or es, or sall be, sall sothefastely be schewede and
<P 5>
sene be-fore Hym, and ilke a man answere of his awen dedis,
and be saued or dampnede whe+ter so he serues; For, als His
ryghtwysenes now es mengede with mercy, swa sall it thane be
with-owtten mercy.

[} (\SECUNDO.\) }]
[} (\DECEM PRECEPTA DEI.\) }]
[}THE TEN COMMANDEMENTIS.}]
   
   +Te secund thyng of +te Sex to knawe God Almyghten es,
+te ten Commandmentes +tat He hase gyffen vs. Of +te
whilke ten, +te thre +tat ere firste, awe vs hallyly to halde
anence oure Godd, and +te Seuen +tat ere eftyre, anence
oure euen cristen. The firste comandement charges vs, and
teches vs, +tat we leue ne lowte na false goddes. And in +tis
commandement es forboden vs alkyn mysbyleues and all
mawmetryes, all false enchauntementes, and all soceryes, all
false charmes, and all wichecraftes, +tat men of myssebyleue
traystes appon, or hopes any helpe In, with-owtten God
Almyghten. The to+ter commandement byddes vs noghte
take in ydillchipe, ne in vayne, +te name of oure Lorde Godd, 
so +tat we trowe noghte in His name bot +tat es sothefaste,     #
+tat
we swere noghte by His name bot it be byhouely, and +tat we
neuen noghte His name bot wirchipfully. The thirde
commandement es, +tat we halde and halowe oure haly day,
+te Sonondaye, and all o+ter +tat falles to +te +gere, +tat er  #
ordeynede
to halowe thurgh Haly Kyrke. In +te whilke dayes all folke,
bathe lerede and lawede, awe to gyffe +tam gudly to Goddes
seruyce, to here and say it efter +taire state es, in wirchipe  #
of
Godd All-myghty and of His gud halowes, noghte +tan for to
tente to tary with +te werlde, ne lyffe in lykynge ne luste,    #
+tat
+te flesche +gernes, Bot gudly to serue Godd in clennes of      #
lyfe.
The ferthe commandement byddes vs doo wyrchipe to Fadire
and to modire, noghte anely to fleschely fadyr and modire, +tat
getes vs and fosters vs furthe in +te werlde, bot till oure     #
gastely
Fadire +tat hase heuede of vs, and teches vs to lyffe till      #
hele of
<P 6>
oure saules, and till oure gastely modyr, +tat es, Haly Kyrke,
to be bouxome +tare-to, and saue +te ryghte of it, For it es
modir till all +tat cristenly lyffes, and alswa till ilke man   #
+tat
wyrchipfull es, for to do wyrchipe eftere +tat it es. The fyfte
comandement byddes vs +tat we sla na man, +tat es to say,
bodyly ne gastely no+ter; For als many we sla, in +tat at we
may, als we sclaundire or bakbyte or falsely deffames, or       #
fandes
for to confounde +taym +tat noghte serues, or withdrawes        #
lyfelade
fra +tam +tat hase nede, if we be of hauynge for to helpe +tam.
The sexte commandment forbeddes us to syn or for to foly
fleschely with any woman, ow+ter sybbe or fremmede, wedde or
vnwedde, or any fleschely knawynge or dede haue with any,
o+ter +tan +te Sacrament of matremoyne excuse+g, and +te lawe   #
and
+te lare of Haly Kyrke teches. The seuend byddis vs +tat
we sall noghte stele: In whilke es forboden vs robbyng and
reuyng, and all wrangwyse takynge or with-haldynge, or
hydynge or helelynge of o+ter menes gudes, agaynes +taire witt
and +taire will +tat hase ryghte to +taym. The aughten
commandement byddes vs +tat we sall bere no false wytnes
agaynes oure euen cristen: In +te whilke es forboden vs all
manere of lesynges, False consperacye and false swerynge,
whare-thurghe oure euen cristyn may lese +tayre catell, Faith,
Fauour or Fame, or anything ells, whe+ter it be in gastely or   #
in
bodyly gudes. The nyende commandement es, +tat we +gerne 
noghte oure neghtboure house: In whilke es forboden all 
wrangwyse couetyse of land or of lythe, or of oghte elles +tat
may noghte be lyftede ne raysede fra +te grounde, als thynge
+tat es stedfaste, and may noghte be styrrede. The tend
commandement an +te laste es, +tat we +gerne noghte +te wyefe
of oure neghteboure ne of oure euyn cristen, ne his mayden, ne
his knaue, ne his oxe, ne his asse: In +te whilke es forboden
vs to +gerne or to take any thynge +tat may be styrride of      #
o+ter
mens gudes, als robes or reches or o+ter catell, +tat we hafe   #
na
gude titill ne na ryghte to; For what thyng so we take or
getes one o+ter wyse +tan +te lawe and +te lare of Haly Kyrke
teches, we may noghte be assoylede of +te trespase bot if we
<P 7>
make assethe, in +tat +tat we may, to +tam +tat we harmede with
haldande +taire gude. And in case +tat we hafe thurghe false
athes, als in assises or o+ter enquestes, wetandly or willfully
gerte oure euen cristyn lesse +taire patremoyne or +taire       #
heritage,
or falsely be dyssessede of lande or of lythe, or false         #
deuorce be
made, or any man dampnede, +tofe all we do +tat we may to +te
party, +git may we noghte be assoylede of +te trespas, bot of 
oure beschoppe, or of hym +tat hase his powere, For swylke caas
es ryuely reseruede till hym seluen. Thise ten commandemente+g 
+tat I hafe now rekkenede er vmbylowkede in twa of
+te gospelle. The tane es, +tat we luffe Godd ouer all thynges;
The to+ter es, +tat we lufe oure euen cristen hallely in oure 
herte als we do oure seluen; For Godd awe vs to lufe hally
with herte, with all oure myghte, with all oure thoghte, with
worde and with dede. Oure euyn crysten, als-swa awe vs to
lufe vn-to +tat ilke gude +tat we lufe oure-selfe, +tat es,     #
+tat +tay
wele fare in body and in saule, and come to +tat ilke blysse    #
+tat
we thynke to; and whate-so-euer +tat he bee, +tat +tise twa     #
wele
+gemes, all +te ten commandementes forsothe he fulfilles.

[} (\TERTIO.\) }]
[} (\SEPTEM SUNT SACRAMENTA ECCLESIE.\) }]
[}THE SEUENE SACRAMENTES OF HALY KYRKE.}]

   +Te thirde thynge of +te Sex +tat I firste touchide, es +te
Seuen Sacramentes +tat Haly Kirke gyffes, thurghe
prelates and o+ter prestes +tat hase +te powere. Of 
whilke seuen, the first fyve ilke cristen man awe
lawefully to take efter his elde es; and twa lyes in +taire     #
will
+tat ressayues +taym. The firste sacrament of seuen es oure
'baptym,' +tat we take +te firste tym +tat we be-com cristyn.   #
In
whilke, bathe +te firste synn +tat we ere borne with, and alkyn
o+ter synnes, ere waschen awaye, +tat we ere fylede with are we
take it; and +te trouthe of Haly Kyrke es taken +tare-in,       #
with-owtten 
whilke na synfull mans saule may be sauede. And till
+tis sacrament Falles foure thynges, if it sall ryghtely be     #
tane
als Haly Kirke teches. Ane es, ryghte sayeyng and carpyng
<P 8>
of +te wordes +tat hym awe for to say +tat gyffes +tis          #
sacrament, 
+tat ere +tise: - 'I Baptise +te in +te name of +te Fadir and   #
+te 
Sonne and +te Haly Gaste.' Ane o+ter es, +tat it be done anely
in watire, For na no+ter licoure es lefulle +tare-fore. +Te     #
thirde
es, +tat he +tat gyffes +tis sacrement be in witt and in will   #
for to 
gyffe it. And +te ferthe es, +tat he +tat takes it be, no+ter   #
of
lerede nor of lewde, Baptisede be-fore; For if +te preste be    #
in 
were of hym +tat sall take it, whethire he be baptisede or he   #
be
noghte, +tan sall he say +te wordes one +tis wyese, 'If +tou be
noghte baptisede, I baptise +te in +te name of +te Fadire and   #
+te
Sone and +te haly Gaste.' The secunde sacrament es              #
'confermynge,'
+tat +te byschope gyffes to +tam +tat ere baptisede,
+tat gyffes thorowe his powere to +tam +tat takes it +te grace
and +te gyfte of +te Haly Gaste, to make +taym mare             #
stalleworthe
+tan +tay ware be-fore, to stande agaynes +te fende and dedly
syn; +tat nane hase powere to do bot +te byschope allane, +tat
hase the state and +te stede of Cristes Appostilles. The
thirde sacrament es callede 'penance,' +tat es, sothefaste      #
for-thynkynge
+tat we hafe of oure syn, with-owtten will or 
thoghte to turne agayne to it. And +tis sacrament must haue
thre thynges: - Ane es, sorowe in oure herte +tat we hafe       #
synnede.
Ano+ter es, opyn scrifte of mouthe, how we hafe synnede.
The [{third es, satisfaccion, +tat we maun do for oure syn{] .
+Tise thre, with gud will to forsake oure syn, clense+g vs
and wasches vs of alkyn syn. The ferthe es, '+te Sacrament
of +te Autyr,' Cristes awen body in lyknes of brede, als hale   #
als
He tuke it of +te blysside mayden, the whilke, ilke man and
woman +tat of elde es, awe for to rescheyue anes in +te +gere,  #
+tat
es at say, at +te pasch, als Haly Kyrke vses, when +tay ere
clensede of syn thurghe penance, O payne of doynge owte of
Haly Kyrke, bot if +tay forbere it by skillwyse cause, +tat awe
to be knawen to +tam +tat sall gyffe it; For he +tat tase it 
worthily, tase his saluacyone; and wha-so takes it vnworthily,
<P 9>
tase his dampnacione. The fyfte sacrament es '+te laste         #
Enoyntynge
with oyle,' +tat es halowede and handelyde of prestes; +te
whilke sacrament awe anely to be gyffen to +tam +tat he wate
ere of skillwyse elde, and +tat he sese sekyrly in perelle of
dede, in lyghtenes and alegeance of +taire sekenes, if Godde
will +tat +tay turne agayne to +te hele, and als in forgyffnes  #
of 
venial synnes, and in lessynge of payne if +tay passe he+ten.
The Sexte sacrament of Haly Kyrke es 'ordire,' +tat gyffes
powere to +tam +tat ryghtwysly tase it, For to serue in Haly
Kirke efter +taire state es, and to +tam +tat takes +te ordyre  #
of
preste, for to synge messe, aand for to mynystre +te            #
Sacramentes 
of Haly Kyrke, +tat to +tam fallys, Eftyr +te state +tat +tay   #
hafe,
and +taire degre askes. The seuend Sacrament es 'Matrymoyne,'
+tat es, lawefull festynnynge be-twyx man and woman
at +taire bathere assente, for to lyffe samen with-owtten any
lowssynge, whills +taire lyfe lastes, in remedy of syn and      #
getynge
of grace, if it be tane in gude Entente and clennes of lyfe.

[}THE FERTHE THYNG OF +TE SEX.}]
[}THESE BE +TE SEUENE WERKES OF MERCY BODYLY.}]

   +Te ferthe thynge of +te Sex to knawe Godd Almyghty, +tat
vs byhoues fulfill in all +tat we maye, ere +te seuen
dedis of mercy vntill oure euen cristen, +tat Godd
sall reherse vs apon +te dredfull day of dome, and wiet
howe we haue done +tam here in +tis lyfe, als sayne Mathewe
makes mynde in his gospelle. Of whilke, +te firste es, to
fede +taym +tat er hunngry. The to+ter es, to gyffe +taym
drynke +tat er thristy. The thyrde es, for to clethe +tam +tat
er clatheles or nakede. The ferthe es, for to herber +tam +tat
er houseles. The fyfte es, for to vesete +tam +tat lyes in
sekenes. The Sexte es, for to helpe +tam +tat lyes or er in
presoun. The Seuend es, to bery dede men +tat hase myster.
+Tise ere the Seuen bodyly dedis of mercy +tat ilke man awe
to doo +tat es myghtty. +Tar are of mercy alswa Seuen gastely
dedis +tat vs awe to doo till +tam +tat hase nede till vs. Ane
es, to consaile and wysse +tam +tat are wyll. Ano+ter es, to
<P 10>
chasty +tam +tat wyrkkys ill. +Te thyrd es, to solauce thaym
+tat er sorowefull, and comforthe thaym. The ferthe es, to 
pray for thaym +tat ere synfull. +Te fyfte es, to be thole-mode
when men mysdose vs. +Te Sexte es, Gladly to forgyffe when
men haues greuede vs. The seuend, when men askes vs for 
to lere thaym, if we cun mare +tan +tay, for to lere thaym.
+Tise vn-till oure neghtebours ere full nedfull, and to +tam    #
+tat 
duse thaym wondir medefull; For he sall Mercy +tat Mercyfull
es; and man with-owtten Mercy, of Mercy sall mysse.

(\vij. opera misericordie corporalia:,: vnde versus: - 
Vestio, cibo, poto, redimo, tego, colligo, condo.\)
(\vij. opera misericordie spiritualia: - 
Consule, castiga, solare, remitte, fer, ora,
Instrue, si poteris, sic Christo carus haberis.\)

[}THE FIFTE THYNG OF +TE SEX.}]
[}THE SEUENE GASTELY VERTUS.}]

   +Te fyfte thynge of +te Sex to knawe God Almyghten, are
+te Seuen vertus +tat Haly Writte teches. Of whilke
seuen, +te thre first +tat are hede thewes, teches vs how
to hafe vs vn-to God Almyghtty; and +te foure teches
vs swa for to lyffe +tat it be bathe lykande to Godd and to     #
man.
+Te firste vertu es 'trouthe,' wharethurghe we trow anely in 
Godd +tat made all thynges, with all +te o+ter vertus I         #
touchede
be-fore. And +tis es nedfull till all +tat cristenly lyffes;    #
For
trouthe es begynnynge of all gude dedis; For no+ter es trouthe
worthe with-owtten gud werk, ne na werke with-owtten trouthe
may pay Godd Almyghtty. +Te to+ter gude thewe or vertue
es 'hope,' +tat es, a sekyr habydynge of gastely gude, thurghe
Goddes gudnes and oure gude dedis, for to com to +tat blysse
+tat neuer mare blynnes, Noghte anely in trayste of Goddes
gudnes, ne allanly in trayste of oure gude dedis, Bot in        #
trayste
of thaym bathe when +tay are bathe Sammen; For no+ter sall
we fall sa ferre in-till whanhope +tat we ne sall traiste to    #
hafe
<P 11>
+tat blysse if we wele do; Ne we sall noghte com so ferre in-to
ouerhope for to trayste so mekill in Goddes gudnes +tat we sall
hope to haue +tat blysse with-owtten gude dedys. +Te thirde
vertue or thewe es 'charyte,' +te whylke es a dere lufe +tat vs
awe vn-till Godd Almyghtty als for Hym selfe, and till oure
euencristen for God Almyghttyn; For +te tane may noghte
be lufede with-owtten +te to+ter, als Sayn Iohn +te gospellere
sayse in his pystill. '+Tat commandement,' he saise, 'hafe we
of Godd +tat wha-sa-euer lufes Gode, lufes his euencristyn.
For he +tat lufes noghte his bro+ter wham he may see, how sulde
he lufe God wham he sese noghte?' +Te ferthe vertue or 
thewe es 'ryghtwysenes,' +tat es, to +gelde to all men +tat we  #
awe
+tam, For to do to ilke a man +tat vs awe to doo, for to        #
wirchipe
tham +tat ere worthy, For to helpe +te pure +tat er nedy, to do
no gyle ne wrange vn-to na man, Bor for to do +tat skill es
vntill ilke mane. +Te fyfte vertue or thewe es 'sleghte or
sleghenes,' +tat wysses vs to be-warre with wathes of +te       #
werlde;
For it kennes vs to knawe +te gud and +te ill, and alswa to
sundire +te tane fra +te to+ter, and for to leue +tat es        #
euyll, and
take to +te gude, and of twa gud thynges for to chese +te       #
better.
+Te Sexte vertue es 'strenghe or stalworthnes,' noghte anely
of body, bot of herte and will, euynly to suffire +te wele and  #
+te
waa, welthe or wandreth, whethire so betyde, and +tat oure      #
herte
be noghte to hye for na wele-fare, ne ouermekill vndire for     #
nane
euyll fare, Bot styffely for to stande agaynes oure faas,       #
whethir
+tay be bodyly or +tay be gastely, swa +tat na fulle fandynge
make vs to falle ne be false in oure faythe agaynes God         #
Almyghtty.
+Te Seuend vertue and +te laste es, 'methe or methefulnes,' 
+tat kepes vs fra owterage and haldes vs in euenhede,
lettes fulle lykynge and luste of +te flesche, and +gemes vs    #
fra
+gernynges of werldly gudes, and kepes in clennes of body and
of saule. For methe es mesure and mett of all +tat we do, if 
we lyffe skillwysly als +te lawe teches.

<P 12>
[}THE SEXTE THYNG AND +TE LASTE.}]

   +Te sexte thynge, and +te laste of +tase I firste towchede   #
es,
+te Seuen heuede or dedly synnes +tat ilke a man and
woman awe for to knawe to flee and forhewe, For
folkes may noghte flee +tam bot +tay knawe thaym.
Pride an Enuye, Wreth and Glotonye, Couetyse
and Slouthe, and Lecherye. And for-+ti er +tay callede
Seuen heuede Synnes, for +tat all o+ter commes of thaym; and
for-+ti er +tay callede dedely synnes, for +tay gastely slaa    #
ilke
manes & womanes saule +tat es haunkede in alle or in any of
thaym. Whare-fore +te wyese man byddes in his buke 'als fra
+te face of +te neddyre, fande to flee syn.' For als +te venym  #
of
+te neddire slaas manes body, Swa +te venym of syn slaas manes
saule. The firste of +tise Seuen synnes es callede 'Pryde,'     #
+tat
es, a lykande heghenees of a manes herte, Of offyce or of heghe
state, or o+ter noblaye +tat he ou+ter haues of kynde or of     #
grace,
or he hopes +tat he haues mare +tan anothire. And of +tis       #
wikkede
synn commes some sere spyces: Boste and auauntynge and
vn-bouxsomnes, despite, and ypocrisy and vnhamlynes, and o+ter
+tat ofte ere sene amanges prowde men. The secunde dedely
synn es hatten 'Enuy,' +tat es, a sorowe and a syte of +te
wele-fare, and a ioy of +te euyll fare, of oure euencristen: Of
whilke synn, many spyces sprenges and spredes. Ane es,
hateredyn to speke or here oghte be spoken, +tat may sown
vn-to gude to +taym +tat +tay hate. Ane-o+ter, false juggynge   #
or
dome of +taire dedis, and ay turne vn-to euyll +tat es done to
gude. +Te thirde es 'bakbyttynge,' to saye be-hynde +tam, +tat
we will noghte avowe ne saye be-fore +tam; whare noghte
anely he +tat spekes +te euyll, bot he +tat heres it be         #
spoken, es
for to blame; For, ware +tare na herere, +tare ware na          #
bakbyttere.
+Te thirde dedly synn or heuede syn es 'wrethe,' +tat es, a 
wykkede stirrynge or bollenynge of herte, whare-fore a man
wilnes for to wreke hym, or wykkydly to venge hym, appon his
euyncristyn. And of +tis wykkede syn commes stryvynge and
<P 13>
flytynge, with many false athes and many foule wordes,          #
Sclaundere,
for to for-do a man's gude fame, Feghtynge and Felony, and
ofte manes-slaughtere, and many ma +tat nowe es [{na{] nede for
to be neuenede. +Te fferthe dedly synn men calles 'glotonye,'
+tat es, ane vnskilwyse lykynge of lufe in taste or in takynge
of mete or of drynke. And +tise trespas men duse apponne sere
wyse: - Ane es, ou+ter ouer arely or ouer late, or ouer         #
oftesythe,
for to ete or drynke bot if nede gere it. Ane o+ter es, for to  #
lyffe
ouer delycately. +Te thirde es, for to ete or drynke ouer       #
mekyll.
+Te ferthe es, ouer hastely to ete or to drynke. +Te fifte es,  #
to
compas & caste appon whate wyese we may gette dylicious metis
or drynkes to fulfill +te lykynges and +te lustes of +te        #
flesch o+ter
+tan we may gudly lede oure lyffe with, (\Secundum versum,
Prepropere, laute, nimis ardenter, studiose\) .
+Te fyfte dedly syn es callede 'Couetyse,' +tat es, a wrangwyse
wilnynge or +gernynge to haue any maner of gude vs awe noghte.
And +tis es donne pryncypally appon twyn wyese. Ane es,
wrangwysely to get any thynge +tat oure likynge or oure lufe 
lyghtes apon, als be Sacrelege or by symony, falsehede or okyr,
or o+ter gelery, whilke +tise worldely men er wounte for to vse
+tat castes +taire conaundenes swa vn-to couetyse +tat +tay ne
rekke whe+ter it be with ryghte or with wrange, bot +tat +tay
may gette +tat at +taire herte +gernes. Ano+ter es, wrangwisely
to halde +tat at es getyn, +tat es, when we will noghte do to
Godd Almyghten ne till Haly Kyrke, ne till oure euencristyn, 
+tat vs awe for to do by dett and by lawe, bot anely
haldes +tat we hafe for ese of oure selfen, whare noghte anely 
he +tat wrangwysly getes, bot he +tat wrangwysely haldes,       #
falles 
in +te synn. +Te sexte dedly synn es 'slewthe or slawenes,'
+tat es, a hertly angere or anoye till vs of any gastely gud    #
+tat
we sall do. And of +tis wikkede synn comes sere spyces: -  
Ane es, latesommes or lyte to drawe apon lenghte or to lache
<P 14>
any gude dedis +tat we sall do +tat may turne vs till helpe or
hele of oure saules. Ano+ter es, a 'dullnes or heuenes of       #
herte'
+tat lettes vs for to lufe oure Lorde God Almyghten, or any
lykynge to hafe in His seruyse. +Te thirde es, 'ydillchipe,'    #
+tat
ouer mekyll es hauntede, +tat makes lathe to begynn any gude
dedis, and lyghtly dose vs to leue when oghte es begun, and
+tare whare we ere kyndely borne for to swynke, als +te feule   #
es
kyndely brede for to flie, It haldes vs euermare in ese agayne
oure kynde, For Idillnes es Enemy to cristen man saule,
stepmodire and stamerynge agaynes gude thewes, and              #
witter-wyssynge
and waye till alkyn vices. +Te Seuend dedely syn
es hatten 'lychery,' +tat es, a foule lykynge or luste of +te
flesche. And of +tis foule syn comes many sere spyces: - Ane
es 'Fornycacyone,' a fleschely synn be-twyxe ane anlypy man
and ane anlypy woman: and for-thi +tat it [{es{] agaynes +te
lawe, & +te leue and +te lare +tat Haly Kirke haldes, it is     #
dedly
syn to +taym +tat it duse. Ano+ter es 'Avowtry,' and +tat es
spousebreke, whe+ter it be bodyly or it be gastely, +tat        #
greuosere
and gretter es +tan +te to+ter. +Te thirde es 'Incest,' +tat    #
es, when
a man synnes fleschely with any of his sybb frendes, or any
o+ter +tat es of his affynyte gastely or bodyly, whe+ter so it  #
be.
O+ter spyces many sprynges of +tis syn +tat ouer mekill es
knawen and kende in +tis werlde with +taym +tat ledes +taire
lyfe als +taire flesche +gernes.
   +Tise are +te sex thynges +tat I hafe spoken off, +tat +te
lawe of Haly Kirke lyes maste in; The whilke we er
halden to knawe and to cun, if we sall knawe God
Almyghty, and come till His blysse. And for to gyffe
+gow better wyll for to cun thaym, Oure ffadir +te beschope
grauntes of his grace Fourty dayes of pardoun till all 
+tat cunnes thaym, and ratyfyes alswa +tat o+ter men gyffes,
Swa mekill coueites he +te hele of +gour saules. For +gife +ge
conandely knawe +tise Sex thynges, thurgh thaym sall +ge cun
knawe Godd Almyghty, whaym, als Sayne Iohn sayse in his
gospelle, cunnandely for to knawe swylke als He es, It es       #
endles
lyfe and lastande blysse. To +te whilke blysse He brynge vs,
<P 15>
oure Lorde Gode Almyghty! Amen! Amen! Amen! (\Per 
Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum, qui cum Deo patre et
Spiritu Sancto viuit et regnat omnipotens deus in secula 
seculorum.\) Amen! Amen! Amen!



<B CMINNOCE>
<Q M4 IR SERM INNOC>
<N IN DIE INNOCENCIUM>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M X>
<K X>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  IN DIE INNOCENCIUM.
TWO SERMONS PREACHED BY THE BOY BISHOP,
AT ST. PAUL'S TEMP. HENRY VII,
AND AT GLOUCESTER, TEMP. MARY.
CAMDEN SOCIETY MISCELLANY, VII.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XIV.
ED. J. G. NICHOLS.
LONDON, 1875.
PP. 1.1 - 13.4^]

<P 1>
[} (\IN DIE INNOCENCIUM 
SERMO PRO EPISCOPO PUERORUM.\) }]
[} (\LAUDATE PUERI DOMINUM.\) }]   
[} (\PSALMO CENTESIMO XII=O= ET PRO HUJUS COLLACIONIS           #
FUNDAMENTO.\) }]

   "Prayse ye childerne almyghty God," as the Phylosophre       #
sayth 
in dyverse places.  All those thynges that have the habyte of   #
parfyght 
cognycyon may move themself and conveye themself to theyr ende,
as a beest havynge sensyble knowlege, and man more parfyghter,
bothe sensyble and intellygyble, may move themself whether they
wyll, and so conveye al theyr accyons and dedes to theyr        #
naturall ende;
but (\carencia cognicione\) , those thynges that lacke          #
cognycyon, have no
mocyon of themself, nother be dyrected to theyr ende without    #
the
helpe of an other. As an arowe of hymself can not be movyd ne
dyrected unto the prycke without the redy conveyaunce of hym    #
that 
shoteth, thrugh whom dyrectly he attayneth his ende and is      #
shotte
to the prycke.
   In as moche thenne as mankynde is ordeyned unto an ende      #
ferre
excedynge the lymytes of nature, as it is wryten by the Holy    #
Ghost
in (\Ysay lxiiij=o=, Oculus non vidit, Deus, absque te quae     #
preparasti exspectantibus
te; et prima ad Corintheos secundo - Oculus non vidit, nec
aures audivit, nec in cor hominis ascendit quae preparavit      #
Deus diligentibus
illum\) . "The eye of a man hath not seen, nother his eeres
herde, nother it can not be thought in his herte, thende that   #
Almyghty
God hath ordened for them that lovyth hym." To this ende
man,  havynge the use of reason and parfyte knowlege, is        #
dyrected
<P 2>
by his free wyll as by a pryncypall in hymself to move hym to   #
God.
And also by fayth as a pryncypall above naturall knowlege,      #
without
the whiche it is impossyble to plese God and attayne to the     #
ende of
grace in this present lyf and glory in heven, as it is wreten,  #
(\Sine fide
impossibile est placere Deo\) . Whyle it is so that man         #
endowed with
use of reason, havynge naturall knowlege and free, maye not     #
suffycyently
dyrect hymself to the ende that God hath ordeyned to without 
the helpe of fayth, as it is wryten, (\Jheremiae iiij=o=, Non   #
est  enim hominis
vincere, neque viri est ut ambuleter et dirigat gressus ejus\)  #
 . It is not in
mannes power for to overcome vyce of hymself, nother for to     #
walke
parfyghtly and dyrecte his gooynge in the lawe of God, but by   #
his
grace assystente. Moche more those that bene chylderne for      #
tendernesse
of age and lacke of knowlege can not dyrect theyr dedes         #
convenyentely 
to that ende without specyall helpe of God. In token
herof childerne newely sette to scole, lackynge the use of      #
reason and
the habyte of cognycyon, have a recourse to Goddes dyreccyon,
fyrste lernynge this ( (^Cristis Crosse be my spede^) ), and    #
so begynnyth
the A.B.C. In wytnesse of defawte of this perfeccion in         #
knowlege,
Pyctagoras, to the dyreccyon of Chylderne, he founde fyrste     #
this letter
in the A.B.C. Y, the whyche as Ysider sayth (\Ethimologis\) is  #
formyd
and made after the symylytude of mannes lyfe, for this letter   #
Y is
made of two lynes; one is a right lyne, the other is half       #
ryght and
half crokyd. And soo verely the Infant age of a childe is ryght
neyther dysposed to vertue neyther to vyce, as the Phylosophre  #
sayth,
(\Tanquam tabula nuda in qua nichil depingitur\) .  But the     #
seconde age
is called (\Adolescencia\) , and hath two lynes, a ryght and a  #
crokyd, sygnefyenge
the dysposycion that he hath thenne to vyce and thenne to       #
vertue.
In the whiche age is the brekynge of every chylde to goodnes or
to lewdenes. Therfore that age is moost uncertayn in knowlege,  #
as
Salomon sayth, (\Proverbior. xxx=o=, Tria sunt michi            #
difficilia ad cognoscendum,
et quartum penitus ignoro. Viam navis in medio maris, et
viam viri in adolescencia\) . "Thre thynges (sayth Salomon)     #
bene
<P 3>
harde to me to knowe, and the fourth utterly I knowe not. The 
flyghte of the egle in the ayer; The waye of the serpent on the
erthe; The sayllyng of a shyppe in the see; But the fourth and  #
moost
hardest is to understande the waye of a man in his growynge     #
age."
Tho children thenne the whiche lacke dyscrecyon, use of reason,
and parfyght cognycyon, and yet attayne to the ende that is     #
prepared
for mannes blysse, as thyse blessyd Innocentes whoos solempnyte
we halowe this daye (\(Qui non loquendo sed moriendo confessi   #
sunt)\) 
may moost in a specyall laude that gloryous Lorde (\(sequentes  #
Agnum
quocumque ierit,)\) to whom by our Moder Holy Chirche in tytle  #
of
tryumphe may contynually be applyed the wordes of my tyme
(\(Laudate, pueri, Dominum)\) , ye chosen chylderne of God,     #
lackynge
the use of cognycyon and yet gloryfyed by your passyon in lyfe
everlastynge, prayse ye God.
   In the begynnynge thenne of this symple exhortacyon, that I  #
a
chylde, wantynge the habyte of connynge, maye be dyrected by    #
hym
that gave to that childe Danyell (\Sermonem rectum et Spiritum 
Deorum\) , somwhat to say to his laude and praysynge, and to    #
alle
pure chylderne that bene here present edifyenge, we shall atte  #
this
tyme devoutly make our prayers.        
   In the whiche prayers I recommende unto your devocyons the
welfare of all Chrysts chirche; our holy fader the Pope with    #
alle
the Clergye, my Lorde of Caunterbury, and the ryghte reverende
fader and worshypfull lorde my broder Bysshopp of London your   #
dyocesan,
also for my worshypfull broder [{the{] Deane of this cathedrall
chirche, wyth all resydensaryes and prebendaryes of the same.   #
And
moost intyerly I praye you to have myself in your specyal       #
devocyon,
so that I may contynue in this degree that I now stande, and    #
never
more herafter to be vexed with Jerom's vysyon, the whiche is    #
wryten
(\Jeremiae primo\) : whan the good Lorde askyd of Jeremye,      #
(\Quid tu
vides, Jeremia?\) he answered and sayd (\Virgam vigilantem ego  #
video\) ,
"A waken rodde I see," sayd Jeremye. Truely thys waken rodde
oftentymes hath troubled me in my childehode, that (\lumbi mei  #
impleti
<P 4>
sunt illusionibus, et non est sanitas in carne mea; afflictus   #
sum
et humiliatus sum nimis\) . And therfor, though I be now in hye
dygnyte, yet whan I see other here my mayster that was thenne,
(\operuit confusio faciem meam; a voce contremuerunt labia      #
mea\) . As
Nero the Emperour wold to his mayster Seneca, the same wysshe I
wold to my mayster I love soo well. And for theyr true          #
dylygence 
that all my maysters the whiche taughte me ony connynge in my
youthe gave to me, I wolde they were promytted to be perpetuall
felowes and collegeners of that famouse college of the Kynges
foundacyon in Southwerke that men calle the Kynges Benche.
Gretter worshypp I cannot wysshe than for to sytte in the       #
Kynges
owne Benche. And for by cause charyte is parfyght yf it be
extendyd as well to the ende of the lyf as it is the lyf self,  #
I wolde
they sholde ende ther lyf in that holy waye the whyche often    #
tymes
I radde whan that I was Querester, in the Marteloge of Poules,
where many holy bodyes deyed, callyd in Latyn (\Via             #
Tiburtina\) : in
Englysshe asmoche to saye as the highe waye to Tyburne. In this
behalf ye shall praye specyally for all prelates that cometh    #
to theyr
dygnytee as I dyde; for, thanked be God, wythout conspyracy,
lordshyp, or symony I was sette in thys degree; for verely      #
promocyon
in ony realme hadde (\per demonum Simonem et principem\)
hath and shall brynge Crystys chirche (\in confusionem          #
dampnabilem\) .
   In the seconde partye ye shall praye for the wele and peas   #
of all
Crysten reames, specyally for the reame of Englonde, Our        #
soverayne
lorde the Kyng, Our soverayne lady the Quene, My lorde the
Prynce, My lady the Kynges Moder, My lorde her Husbonde,
with all the Lordes of the Realme; The welfare of this Cyte,    #
for
my ryght worshypful broder and lover of the Mayer, with all the
Aldermen and Shyrefs.
   In the thyrde partye, all the soules lyenge in the paynes of
Purgatory; specyally for the soule of the reverende fader my
<P 5>
lorde Thomas Kempe late Bysshop, and for the soules of all      #
Benefactours
of thys chirche of Poules, wyth all Crysten soules, for the 
whiche and for the entent premysed I praye you devoutly saye a
Pater Noster and an Ave.
   (\Laudate Pueri Dominum (ut supra).\)
   In as moche as Cryste sayth in the Gospell, (\Sinite         #
parvulos venire
ad me, quia talium est regnum Celorum (Mathei xix=o=.)\)        #
"Suffre ye
childerne to come to me, for of suche the kyngdom of heven is
fulfylled," by whom, after saynt Austyn (\(in originali, ubi    #
thema)\) ,
it is not oonly understonde those that bene chylderne of age,   #
but
those that bene chylderne pure in clennesse from synne and      #
malyce.
As the holy appostle saynt Poule sayth, (\Nolite effici pueri   #
sensibus,
malicia autem parvuli estote (prima ad Corintheos xiiij=o=)\)   #
"Be ye not
chylderne in your wyttes; but from all synne and malyce be ye
chylderne in clennesse." And in this fourme alle maner of       #
people
and al maner of ages in clennesse of lyf ought to be pure as
childerne, to whom generally may I saye (\Laudate, pueri,       #
Dominum;
Laudate, pueri, Dominum in infantia; laudate Dominum in         #
adolescentia;
laudate Dominum in perseverante etate humana,\) - "Prayse,
ye childerne, your God in your infant age; Prayse ye hym in     #
your
growynge age; And prayse ye hym perseverauntly  (\(usque in     #
senectum
et senium)\) in your mannes age." And in thyse thre praysynge
of thre ages shall stande the processe of this symple           #
Collacyon.
   Thyse thre ages after the consceyte of the appostle ( (\ad   #
Galathas\)
and (\ad Romanos\) ) is lykened to the thre lawes, - that is    #
to saye - 
to the Lawe of Kynde, the Lawe Wryten, and the Lawe of Grace.
The first age is likenyd unto the Lawe of Kynde. A childe       #
fyrste
whan he is in his infant age is not constreyned unto no lawes;
he is not corrected nother beten; and there is no defaute layde
unto hym, but utterly he is lefte unto the lawe of kynde. Do    #
he
what somever he wyll, no man doth blame hym. Morally the state 
of man inmedyatly after synne was verely the state of           #
childehode
<P 6>
and infans havinge no nouryce. Whan that man was utterly left
without ony expressyd lawe, havynge no mayster, to his owne
naturall inclynacyon as to his lawe, there was no lawe of God   #
newe
put to hym. Many defawtes dyde he, and to many inconvenyences
he ranne. Correccyon was there none, but utter destruccyon, as  #
Noes
floode, destroyenge all infantes of mankynde save viij.         #
persones
(\(Genesis vij=o=.)\)  The destruccyon of Sodome and of Gomor   #
with other
cytees (\(Genesis xix=o=.)\)  And lyke wyse as a childe,        #
havynge noo
nouryce nor guyder deputed to hym, may as well renne in to the  #
fyre
or water as to go besyde, soo verely in the fyrste age of man,  #
in
the lawe of kynde, a man beynge wythout a nouryce or guyder,
lefte to hys naturall guydynge, mysusyd soo ferre hymselfe,     #
that he
ranne to water where he was utterly destroyed as I sayde        #
before,
save Noes housholde, and also to the fyre, where a grete parte  #
was
destroyed. And verely, Maysters, yf we clerely consydre our lyf
and state that we stande in now in thyse dayes, I fere me we    #
shall fynde
ourself soo ferre guyded by our sensuall nature, that we shall  #
nede
to be purefyed to our streyte correccyon wyth a streyte         #
afflyccyon, as
the water or the fyre. And all for lacke of our maysters and
nouryces all wrapped in neclygence taketh none attendaunce to   #
us.
Our maysters and nouryces spyrytuall, (\Querentes quae sua      #
sunt et
non quae Jhesu Christi, sunt canes muti non valentes latrare    #
(Ysaye lvi=o=.)\)
Our temporall rulers (\Infideles, socii furum, diligunt         #
munera, sequuntur
retribuciones; pupillo non judicant, causa viduae non           #
ingreditur
ad eos. (Ysaye i=o=.)\) This neclygence in our nouryces         #
spyrytuall
and temporall causeth in the Chirche insolent lyf, seculer      #
conversacyon
(\(In habitu interiori et exteriori, ut qualis populus talis    #
sit et
sacerdos.)\) In the temporalte it causeth that manslaughter is  #
not
sette by; lechery is pleysure; robbery and dysceyte is called   #
chevesaunce;
extorcyon lordshyp, power; falshede, a fete of wytte; usury
counted no synne. (\Quomodo facta est meretrix civitas          #
fidelis, plena
judicii. Justicia habitavit in ea, nunc autem homicidae.        #
Argentum 
tuum versum est in scoriam. Vinum tuum mixtum est aqua. (Ysaye  #
i=o=.)\)
A merveyllous chaunge! somtyme our reame was prosperous,
<P 7>
now it is in mysery; somtyme Ryghtwysnesse was the cheyf ruler,
now Falshede is quarter-mayster; somtyme was inhabytaunt Peas,
Love, and Charyte, now Wrathe and Manslaughter and false        #
Dyssymulacyon;
somtyme Trouth was mayster of our marchauntes, (\(nunc vero 
usura et dolus)\) . And somtyme Trouth stode upryght, now he    #
is fallen.
Good men have inserchyd the strete where he felle; some sayde   #
he
fell in Lombarde Strete, some sayde in Buklarsbury. And whan it
was utterly knowe he was fallen in every strete (\(Veritas      #
corruit in
plateis)\) , the cause is none other but we lacke our maysters  #
and
guyders that sholde streytly attende in this Infant age of      #
condycyon
that we bene in. 
   Whan that infant age is ended, the fader provydeth for hys
childe for a mayster, the whyche gyveth instruccyon in small
doctrynes, as in hys Donate, Partes of reason, and suche        #
other, the
whiche mayster comunely is called (\Pedagogus\) in Latyne. This
mayster gevyth commaundementes to the childe in his growynge
age. And he breke them he is sharpely correctyd. There is no 
fawte that he doth but he is punysshed. Somtyme he wryngeth 
hym by the eeres. Sometyme he geveth hym a strype on the honde
wyth the ferell. Some tyme beteth hym sharpely with the rodde.
And so with commaundementes and sharpe correccyon he geveth
hym full instruccyon in the lawer scyence. So in lyke manere
after the lawe of kynde. As mankynde grewe in age almyghty
God provyded to man an enfourmer that was called Moyses, the
whiche sholde teche man his pryncypalles and small and rude 
doctrynes. And so the olde lawe taught to man his Donate and
Partes of reason. Also he taught hym how he sholde gyve to God  #
his
partes: the whyche were sacrefyces, oblacyons and tythes        #
justely and
truely to be gyven to God - as it is wryten  (\(Ecclesiasticis  #
xxxv=o=.) Da
Altissimo secundum Donatum ejus\) . That what thou sholdest     #
gyve
<P 8>
also to thy neyghbour and broder his partes, that is to saye,   #
almes
dedes frely wythout grutchynge, lenynge of thy good without ony
trust or hope of usury, and forgevynge thy neyghbour yf he be   #
in
necessyte without trouble for Goddes sake; and lyke wyse as     #
the 
people under Moyses growynge in childehode, thyse thynges were
taught by the whiche specyally Goddes lawe and praysynge was
encreaced, so in our growyng age in vertue that gode Lorde
(\(cujus laus est in ecclesia sanctorum)\) canne not be better  #
praysed,
than yf we gyve unto hym justly and truely his Donat, to hym
oblacyons, sacrefyces, and tythes. To our neyghbour mercyfully  #
geve
oure almesse, and pyteuously forgyve offences and dettes to     #
theym
that bene nedy and maye not paye. Thyse bene the thynges that
longeth to Goddes praysynge in mankyndes childehode, as is      #
wryten
of Thoby (\(Thobie primo,) Haec et his similia puerulus         #
secundum legem
observabat\) . In Moyses tyme streyte commaundementes were      #
gyven
to Man, streyte punysshmentes and sharpe correccyons; they were
taken by the eere streytly, whan it commaunded in the Lawe      #
(\aurem
pro aure, dentem pro dente\) , without ony mercy. He that       #
gadred
styckes on the Sabot daye was stoned unto the dethe. And for    #
one
grutched ayenst theyr mayster Moyses, the whiche was but        #
(\Pedagogus\) ,
the chosen woman moost accepte, Maria, Aaron's sister, was
smytten of God with the infyrmyte of leprehode. How ofte tymes
breke we our holy daye! How oft tymes grutche we ayenst our
maysters, not holdynge us content with noo kynge, nother        #
prynce,
archebysshopp, nor bysshopp; beynge as varyaunt as the mone!
And yet the good Lorde spareth us. The old lawe was harde to
observe; in the whiche tyme God entreatyd mankynde after his
wrath and punysshement. Wherfore he was callyd (\Deus           #
ulcionum\) ,
for whoos delyver mercy cryed to almyghty God to sende mankinde
a newe mayster that sholde entreate hym and teche more
curtously; and it lyked hym, (\Non ex operibus justiciae quae   #
fecimus nos,
sed secundum suam misericordiam, (Ad Titum iij=o=.)\) to come   #
downe
hymself and toke on hym oure mortallyte, gave us a newe lawe,
<P 9>
wold suffre none but hymselfe to be oure mayster; where with    #
all
love and benygnyte, without sharpnesse, he taught us noo rude
nother grose erthly doctrynes, as they were taughte in the olde
lawe; but he taughte us subtyll thynges, hevenly dyvynytee,     #
oure
glory and oure blysse (\(Docebat eos de regno Dei)\) . And as   #
longe as
we bene in the scole of mercyfull benygnytee and gentylnesse,   #
though
we doo fawtes, purposynge to amende, soo longe he abydeth us
pacyently, holdynge hymself content. For by cause we bene now   #
in
mannes state and parfyght age with oure owne correccyon         #
(\(Propterea
expectat Deus ut misereatur vestri) (Ysaye tricesimo.)\)  And   #
yf we
dyfferre and wyll not correcte our selfe here in the scole of   #
mercy,
full grevously and moost sharply shall we abyde the swerde of   #
correccyon
of his ryghtwysnesse, as dayly by experyence we maye fele.
Therfore, in the thre ages of oure lyfe lette us besye          #
ourselfe to
prayse God wyth pure childerne, amendynge our lyfe by dedes of 
penaunce and vertuouse dedes usynge, exhortynge you with the
wordes of my tyme - (\Laudate, pueri, Dominum\) .
   The fourme and the maner how that we sholde worshyp and love
almyghty God in the thre Ages, that is to saye, in Childehode,
Yongthe, and Manhode, is shewed to us by a prety conceyte of    #
oure
comyn Kalender in every boke of servyce. Ye shall understande
that every moneth noted in the Kalender is dyvyded in thre      #
partyes,
that is to say (\Kalendas, Nonas\) , and (\Ydus\) . The fyrst   #
daye of every
moneth is called and named (\Kalendas\) ; the seconde is        #
namyd, not
(\Kalendas\) , but (\quarto, quinto\) , or (\sexto Nonas\) ,    #
and soo tyll ye come
to (\Nonas\) ; and after (\Nonas\) , the dayes bene namyd       #
(\Ydus\) tyll ye come
to the myddell, and thenne all the moneth after named           #
(\Kalendas\)
after certen nombres; as the myddes of the monthe is namyd      #
(^xix.^)
other (^xviii.^) (\Kalendas\) , countynge lesse tyll ye come    #
to the ende.
Morally by these thre, (\Kalendas, Nonas\) , and (\Ydus\) , is  #
understande
the thre Ages of Man. By (\Kalendas\) is understande Childhode;
(\Kalendae\) is as moche to saye (\quasi colendo\) , for the    #
consuetude of the
<P 10>
Romaynes was, the fyrste daye of the moneth that is called      #
(\Kalendas\)
falleth, to solempnyse to ther goddes Hely, Juno et Jupyter.    #
So verely
the childehode of man is dedycate to devocyon. Thenne sette     #
the
faders the childerne to scole; and thenne be they taughte to    #
serve God,
to saye grace, to helpe the preest to synge; for to be meke,    #
gentyll,
and lowely. Thenne saye they our Lady matens, and bene ryght
devoute. Of whom may be verefyed that is wryten by Davyd - 
(\Haec est generacio quaerencium Dominum\) , that is the        #
generacyon that
besyly by devocyon seke almyghty God.
   By the seconde daye that is callyd (\Nonas\) I understande   #
the
seconde age, that is callyd (\Juventus\) , Youthe. (\Nonae      #
dicuntur quasi
nullae\) , for in that daye the Romayns worshypt no Goddes,     #
nother in
that season was noo festyvall dayes; or elles (\nonae dicuntur  #
quasi
nundinae\) , as moche to saye as a fayer, for in that tyme      #
they occupied
themself in fayers and marchaundyses. And herto convenyently
may be the Youthe of man applyed, that is in specyall from      #
xiiij.
yeres unto xviij., in the whiche he is ful of undevocyon, and   #
all
moost forgetith to worshyp his God or ony saynt. And yf he do
it with his mouthe, his herte is ful ferre from God aboute      #
worldly
vanytees. As it is wryten, (\Populus hic labiis me honorat,     #
cor autem
eorum longe est a me (Ysay. xxix=o=.)\) Congruently also Youthe
maye be namyd (\Nonae i. nundinae\)  - a fayer or market,       #
for in this age
is the marchaundyse of the devyll. The worlde habundauntly      #
bought.
Here the yonge man byeth a strompettes body for his body and
soule. Here all vayne marchaundyses of the worlde bene bought,
to the whiche is very prone and redy oure youthe of Englonde,   #
as
we may see dayly. There is no vanyte in no partye of the worlde
but we bene redy to bye it: longe heres and shorte collers of   #
Almayns;
evyll fasshenyd garmentes and devyllisshe shoone and slyppers   #
of
Frensmen; powches and paynted gyrdylles of Spaynardes; newe
founde hattes of Romayns; and so is fulfylled the wordes of     #
oure
Lord wryten in holy scrypture (\(Jeremiae xi=o=.),              #
Elongaverunt a me,
et ambulaverunt post vanitatem, et vani facti sunt\) . "This    #
Youthe
(sayth our Lorde,) hath ferre put hymselfe fro me, and they     #
have
<P 11>
walked after theyr owne vanytees, and by theyr invencyons they  #
bene
all vayne and undoubtyd." This alterable vanytees in garmentes  #
is
a true argument and a faythfull conclusyon to all wyse          #
straungers
that Englysshemen bee as chaungable in theyr maners and wyttes
as they be in outwarde garmentes. And yf this vayne             #
marchaundyse
were oonly in youth of the reame it were more tollerable, but   #
(\inveterati
dierum malorum\) , boyes of fyfty yere of age are as newe       #
fangled
as ony yonge men be. The whiche by reasons holde torne theyr    #
face
from the worlde, consideryng the ende of theyr lyfe. But lytell
that is consydered; ye, rather in theyr vanytees they bene      #
praysed.
(\Quoniam laudatur peccator in desideriis animae suae, et       #
iniquus benedicitur.
(Psalmo, etc.)\)
   And the thyrde daye is callyd (\Ydus\) , the whiche is       #
asmoche to saye 
as (\divisio\) , a departynge. By whom I understande the        #
latter age of
man, in the whiche man is dyvyded from the worlde by dethe, to
the ende for to receyve good or evyll as he hath deserved in    #
this
present lyfe. Lyke wyse thenne, as in the fyrst part of the     #
moneth
there is but one daye that is callyd (\Kalendae\)  , the        #
whiche is the 
fyrste daye of all, but in the later ende there be many dayes   #
that
bene named of the worde (\Kalendas\) , so, in comparyson of     #
the fyrst 
daye of thy lyfe, that is to say of thy childehode, in the      #
whiche 
thou wert well disposyd in devocyon, multeplye thy good lyf and
holy dysposycyon in thy latter dayes, that thou mayest deserve  #
oure
Lordes mercy, sayenge with the Prophete in the sawter, (\Et     #
senectus
mea in misericordia uberi\) . And how be it thou hast often     #
before in
thy yonge age and myddell age dyvydyd thy lyfe somtyme to
vertue, somtyme to vyce, ye as now in thy latter age kepe thy   #
lyfe
holy in vertue. Dyvyde it no more tyll dethe dyvyde it, after   #
the 
counsell of the Gospelles, (\Joh'is xix=o=: Non scindamus eam,  #
sed sorciamur
de ea cujus sit -\) "Lete us not cutte it, but lete us draw     #
lottes
whose it shall be." How be it this texte after the letter is    #
understonde
of Crystys cote without seme, yet convenyently it may be
understonde of every mannys lyfe or soule - (\Tunica dicitur    #
quasi tua
<P 12>
unica\) . Whether is more surer thyne owne than thy soule, for  #
the 
whiche prayeth the Prophete, sayeng, (\Erue a framea, Deus,     #
animam
meam, et de manu canis unicam meam\) . And whyle it is so that  #
man
lyveth here in two lyves, one lyvynge after the pleasur of the  #
worlde,
the tother lyvynge here in vertue by grace to come to blysse,   #
tho
that woll geve one partye of theyr lyfe to vyces and another    #
to vertue,
and specially in theyr age, thyse maner of men dyvyde theyr 
cote, and they, nother all the tayllers in the worlde, shall    #
never
make it hole ayen; for, as saynt Jerome sayth in a pystle,      #
(\Difficile,
ymmo impossibile est, ut quis in praesenti et in futuro         #
fruatur gaudiis,
ut hic ventrem et ibi mentem, et de deliciis transiat -\) "It   #
is harde, ye
it is impossyble, that a man may have alle joye in this worlde  #
and
also in heven - here to fylle his body and there to fylle his   #
mynde;"
for truly the delytes of this worlde and the joyes of heven     #
can never
be togyder in one cote of thy soule. Wherfore yf thy cote of    #
thy
soule be ones hoole in vertue, without ony seme of vice,        #
departe it 
never, but lete it retorne (\in sortem Domini\) , and           #
contynewe thy
lyfe in goodnesse without ony interrupcyon. And lyke wyse as    #
in thy 
childehode thou begannest vertue oonly, where thrugh in that    #
age
thou prayseste almyghty God, so in thy myddell age, all wanton
vanytees layed apart, encresse thy vertu as tho dyde of whom    #
it is
wryten, (\Ibunt de virtute in virtutem quousque videatur        #
Deus\) . And
that the ende may be conformable to his pryncyple without       #
dyvysion,
followynge the wayes of Innocency with thyse holy Innocents,
in whose commendacions syngeth our moder holy chirche, (\Novit
Dominus viam Innocentum qui non steterunt in viis peccatorum\)  #
 . And
yf we be in synne to repare ourselfe to the state of grace      #
without
wyll to falle agayn. And in recognysaunce of this gracyous      #
benefyte
of remyssyon we may lovyngly prayse God as I exhortyd you
<P 13>
before, sayeng, (\Laudate, Pueri, Dominum\) , graunt us all,    #
(\Cryste Jhesus
Splendor Patris, corona Innocencium.
Amen.
Explicit sermo ista.\)



<B CMFITZJA>
<Q M4 IR SERM FITZJ>
<N SERMO DIE LUNE>
<A FITZJAMES RICHARD>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M X>
<K X>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W X>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>  


[^FITZJAMES, RICHARD.
SERMO DIE LUNE IN EBDOMADA PASCHE.
WESTMINSTER, WYNKYN DE WORDE (1495?).
ED. F. JENKINSON (FACSIMILE).
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1907.
PP. A2R.1 - C1R.20^]

<P A2R>
[} (\IPSE IHU~S APROPINQUANS IBAT
CU~ ILLIS.\) }]

   Thyse Wordes ben conteyned in the
xxiiij. chapytre of Luke. and rad in
the holy gospel of this day. To say 
in englyssh~ tonge The same Ihu~s 
nyghynge walkyd with mankynde / 
This Joyous trouth conteyneth
in itself two partyes / In whoos declaracyon wyth
our lordys mercy & your suffrau~ce. shall stonde the
so~me of this poore collaco~n. The fyrste is this / that
the same Ihu~s nyghed to mankynde. The second 
is. that the same Ihu~s hath walkyd w=t= mankynde /
Of whyche two pryncyples foloweth as a conclusyon
the entent of his nyghyng and walkynge.
That the same Ihu~s hath broughte mankynd to
the euerlastynge reste of heuen / For sure it is. y=t= this
same Ih~s of whyche I purpoos to treate. neuer put
man to labour / but to the entent. that he sholde after
his labour haue full reste. ye & for shorte labour
haue eternall reste / as after shall appere. Yet or I
descende to the declaraco~n of thise two partyes / for
as moche as I saye. that the same Ihu~s nyghynge
walkyd with mankynd / I shall shewe you of whiche
Ihu~s I meane. whyche it was that nyghed to
man that walkyd wyth man. & that fynally broughte
man to euerlastynge reste in heuen. Where ye
<P A2V>
shall vnderstonde. that of dyuers we rede in holy
scrypture whiche were namyd Ihu~s. of thre in especyall /
al men of noble memory. & of grete praysyng
And but figures & seruauntes of the same Ihu~s of
whom wyth his mercy. I purpoos pryncypally to
trete. The first was (\Ihu~s filius Naue\) The seconde 
was (\Ihu~s filius Josedech\) And the thyrde was
(\Ihu~s filius\) the sone of Sirach / All thyse thre. and
eche of this. was for his tyme y=e= fygure of the fourthe
Ihu~s callyd (\Ihu~s filius dei\) Jesus the sone of
god / The same Jhesus whyche nyghynge. walkyd 
wyth mankynde / To whose declaraco~n ye
shall understonde. that Ihu~s by interpretaco~n. is to
saye (\saluator\) a sauyour or helper / Now soth it is
that eche of thyse thre rehercyd. was in his tyme an
helper or sauer of the people / And yet but in fygure 
of Ihu~s Cryste. Wherof folowyth / that they 
were not the same Ihu~s of whom I purpoos talke
for he bothe was & is (\saluator mu~di\) the sauyour 
of the worlde. How eche of thyse thre Ihu~s rehercyd
dyde helpe. & saue y=e= people in his tyme / I shall
shewe you. The fyrst Ihu~s the sone of Naue. sauyd
the people (\p~ potencia~\) The seconde (\p~ obediencia~\) 
And the thyrd (\p~ sapiencia~\) The fyrste saued
the people by myght & power. The seconde by perfyte
obedyence. The thyrde by his grete wysdom.
The fyrste of them callyd (\Ihu~s Naue\) . at hebrewes
namyd Josue Be~nun after saynt Jerom in
his prologe (\ad Josue\) the fyrste ruler of y=e= chyldren
<P A3R>
of Israel after the deth of Moyses the seruaunt of 
god / as it appereth in the fyrste chapytre of Josue.
was conuenyently namyd Ihu~s / for by the grete
myghte & power geuen vnto hym of very Ihu~s. he
notably sauyd the people of god / as in the story of
Josue playnly doth appere. acordynge vnto y=e= promyse
of god made vnto him in the fyrste chapytre
of the same boke / as foloweth My seruaunt Moyses
sayd god vnto Josue is deed & from this world 
departid. Arise thou & passe ouer the water of Jordan.
thou. & all my people wyth the. in to the londe
of repromyssion. whiche I shal geue to y=e= chyld~n
of Israel. what so euer grounde ye shal set on your 
fete. I shal geue it to you. as I promysid to Moyses
my seruaunt. It folowyth soone after / Noo man
shall mow resyst thy power in all thy lyfe. be thou
herof comfortid. & take strengthe vnto the. Now
how this myghty prynce executyd the hyghe co~maundement
of god in helpynge the people & sauyng
y=e= same by the grete power geuen vnto hym of god
y=e= sayd story of Josue paynly doth declare  Shortly
rehercyd. eccl~iastic~. the .xlvi. chapitre (\Ihu~s naue\)
sayth he successour vnto Moyses strong in werre &
bataylle. was a man of grete name / but of grettest
name was he in helpynge of the people of god. to
distroye his enmyes. where by he myght atteyne to
the people of god promysid / whiche glory and reno~mee
of name he obteyned in lyftyng his hondes &
scute in shotynge of sharpe & fyry arowes ayenst y=e=
<P A3V>
cyte of hay & c~ / This myghty prynce dilygently
executynge the hyghe co~maundement of Ihu~ cryst
of whom. & to whom. he was bothe fygure & seruaunt
thorugh the grete myghte & power to hym
gracyously geuen. so lad. so guyded. so sauyd y=e= people
to his rule co~myttid. that he brought them in y=e= 
lond. to Abraham. Ysaac. & Jacob. repromysid / ther 
vaynquisshyd & distroyed the enmyes of god / dyuydid
the londe among goddis seruauntes. & fynally
sette them in reste & peasyble possession of the same
As bryefly declareth saynt Jerom in his epistle  (\ad
paulinu~\)  Ihu~s sayth he y=e= sone of Naue. beryng
the fygure of Ihu~ Crist. as well in name as in dedes.
passid the water of Jordan. distroyed the reames 
of Crystis enmyes. diuyded the londe to goddis
seruauntes / And by euery cytee. towne. village.
by hylles. fluddes & ryuers. dyscryued in fygure the
spirytuall regaly of Crystis heuenly chirche & Jerusalem
/ Thenne apperyth y=t= this noble prynce
(\Ihu~s Naue\) was in his tyme a man of laudable
memory / now callyd in all the worlde one of y=e= .ix.
worthyes for dyuers causes / For by his grete myghte
and power he sauyd the people to him co~mytted
from enmyes & from peryll. He distoryed the aduersaryes 
of Cryste. and sette his people in reste & peas /
Ye but amonge all his praysynges. his memory
is specyally laudable / For what co~maundid him
to do. that gladly fulfylled he wythoute grutche or
reluctaco~n. leuynge example vnto all pryncis & rulers
<P A4R>
of the people vnder god to doo the same. Our
lorde co~maundyd hym. as in the fyrste chapytre of
Josue doth appere this wyse. Be thou sayth god
vnto this valyaunt knyghte  stronge & hertely comfortid.
se y=t= thou obserue & kepe al my lawes co~maundyd 
vnto the  by my seruaunt Moyses. Declyne
thou neuer fro them ne in to y=e= ryght honde. ne yet
in to the lyfte honde / that is to saye. ne in prosperyte.
ne yet in aduersyte / so y=t= vnderstondynge of my
lawes be thy leder. Lete in no wyse the boke of my
lawe departe from thy mouth: but sette therin thy
meditaco~n bothe nyghte & day / so y=t= thou may truly
obserue al thynges there wythin wryten & commau~dyd /
This co~maundement of god he gladly 
fulfylled as it appereth in the .xi. chapytre of y=e= same
boke. in this worde (As our lorde commaunded
vnto Moyses: so Moyses co~maunded vnto Josue)
And he gladly accomplysshed all goddis preceptes 
There escapyd hym not one worde of goddis preceptes /
but to the extremytee he fulfyllyd them all.
Loke & this well beholde ye Juges of this worlde.
lerne the lawes of god / and se ye theim obseruyd &
kept. leest ye perysshe from the ryght  waye of god /
For & ye be one in prosperyte. a nother in aduersyte
One for affecco~n. a nother for money. one for loue.
a nother for hate: thenne erre ye fro the ryght way
of Ihu~s. Of y=e= seconde namyd Ihu~s
of laudable memory in the scrypture of god. was
Ihu~s y=e= sone of Josedech. the grete preest of y=e= lawe
<P A4V>
& one of the .lxx. Interpretours of the Bible / This
grete preest of the lawe at the highe  co~mau~dement
of god in y=e= mouth of Cu~us kyng & fyrst Monarke
of Perse. whom our lorde had w=t= his grace inspyred /
as in y=e= fyrste chapytre of the fyrst boke of Esdre
doth appere. to release the captiuyte of the Juys
Whyche for theyr synnes had ben in thraldom in
Babylon by the space of .lxx. yere after the distrucco~n
of Jhrlm. & subuersion of the temple of god in
the same. by Nabugodonosor. & Nabuzardan hys
capytayne / This grete preest I saye Ihu~s the sone
of Josedech. was in his tyme conuenyently named
Ihu~s. y=e= helper & sauer of the people of god (\per sacram
obediencia~.\) by holy obedience / as (\Ihu~s Naue\)
was Ihu~s. sauer and helper of the people (\p~ magnifica~
potencia~\) by his grete & myghty power geuyn
vnto hym of god. To shewe you this. ye must vnderstonde /
that for the synnes of the Jewes it pleysyd 
god. to haue them punysshed / so were they acordyng
to the propheci of Jeremye. the .xxvij. chapytre.
Theyr cyte. theyr temple of grete honour was
dystroyed. Sediche theyr laste kynge was exoculate
& made blynde. brought wyth all his noblesse in
to Babilone by Nabugodonosor. & there kepte in
streyte captiuyte by the space of .lxx. yere. And here
was an ende of kynges in the genelogy of Crist as
by the processe of the Byble playnly dooth appere.
For soth it is y=t= after the tyme of this transmigraco~n
vnto Cristis natiuyte. where regalyte & preesthode
<P A5R>
were Joyned in one in our sauyour Ihu~ Crist
The Jewes beyng in ther lyberte or captiuyte. had
neuer moo kynges / but oonly prestes & dukes. bysshops
& pryncis / But thenne were bysshops rulers
of the people. & pryncis helpers & coadiutours / So
y=t= the lyne of kynges after this transmigraco~n sessyd
as in rule. not in successyon / And thenne began
the lyne of bysshops in rulynge of the people. whiche
contynuelly enduryd vnto Cristis te~porall natiuyte /
This declaryth the Mayster of the storyes
who so lyste to se it. Now the fyrste of thyse greate
preestis or Bysshops hauynge rule of the people.
was this Ihu~s the sone of Josedech A man of grete 
zele & deuowte obedyence vnto god / so y=t= he was
conuenyently namyd Ihu~s. helper or sauer of y=e= peple
by deuowte obedyence. leuynge example to alle
preestys. prelates in especyall to beere deuowte obedience
vnto almyghty god. & teche other the same 
For whan it pleysid our lorde to haue his people releuyd
from theyr captiuyte. & his temple in Jhrl~m
to be reedifyed to his honour & praysyng. he co~mittid
therof the rule vnto Zorobabel sone to Salatiell.
& to this Jhu~ the sone of Josedech / as in y=e= prophecy
of Agge playnly dooth appere. Declarid at
large in the fyrste boke of Esdre. the fyrste. thirde.
& syxte chapytours. And full conuenyently was
this besynes co~myttid vnto thise two men of auctoryte
& honour / For of y=t= one. that is of Zorobabel
our Ihu~s. our sauyour descendyd by his temporall
<P A5V> 
natiuyte. as it apereth in the fyrst chapitre of Mathewe.
The other. that is (\Ihu~s Josedech\) preparyd
the people by due obedyence. truly to serue god
in this materyall Temple whyche they thenne to
goddis honoure reedifyed / but more verely to serue
god in the temple of Crystis holy body whyche he
toke to Zorobabell. and was in it togyder god and
man in one persone / Of whiche holy temple of his
body. hymselfe sayd. the seconde chapytre of John /
Dissolue ye this temple. & wythin thre dayes I
shall reyse it agayn. & soone after foloweth. Thyse
wordes sayd our sauyour Ihu~ Cryst of the temple
of his holy body. Of whiche holy temple of cristis
body was spirytually vnderstonde the prophecy
of Agge. in the seconde chapytre. Ferre gretter
sayth this prophete. shall be the glory of this seconde
temple. than was of the fyrste buylded by Salomon /
Spyrytually I saye For the letter full harde
it is. to expowne of this temple reedifyed bi Jhu~ Josedech.
Zorobabell & other Jewes. Syn~ this second
temple was neuer half so gloryous as was that fyrste
buylyed by Salomon. ne in buyldyng ne yet in
aparell as Josephus declareth / For in y=e= fyrst temple
was conteyned the arke of the olde testament.
in it concernyng the tables of the lawe. Manna &
the rodde of Aaron. whiche flourisshid & fructifyed
by myracle. The appostle this declareth to the Hebreos
the .ix. chapytre. Many also precyous Jewels
& tresours were in that temple born awaye by Nabugodonosor.
<P A6R>
and Nabuzardan his capytayn / as it
apereth in the fourth boke of the kynges. the finall
& finall but on~ chapitours. whiche wer neuer fully
restored ayen in the  reedifycaco~n of y=e= same temple
albeit. that Cirus & Darius many grete thynges
restoryd to the seconde reedifycacyon as it is declaryd
the fyrste boke of Esdre the fyrste & syxte chapytours /
So y=t= this seconde temple was no thynge 
lyke vnto the fyrste ne in buyldynge ne in garnysshyng:
Wherfore holy cristen doctours as saynt Jerom
& Bede expowne this prophecye to the letter /
That gretter shall be the seconde glory of this seconde
hous than of fyrste / For as moche as Criste
god & man. Many wyses thys seconde temple
with his holy presence dyde dedicate & inourne / For
in to this Temple by his holy vyrgyn & moder at
her purifycaco~n he was offryd vnto god / In this
Temple his holy moder fonde hym in myddes of
doctours. From this temple he droue oute byars &
sellers / In this temple he often prayed. prechyd. &
many myracles shewed. grete thenne was y=e= glory
of this holy hous. & ferre gretter than euer was the 
glory of Salomons temple. syn~ our sauyour Crist
Ihu~s this second temple so many wayes made holy
& gloryous / Thenne to my purpoos I saye y=t=
this grete preest & bysshop (\Ihu~s Josedech\) was full
conuenyently namyd Ihu~s an helper or sauer of y=e=
people by his holy & zelose obedyence / For wher as
the people of god longe tyme in captiuyte of Babylon.
<P A6V> 
confusyon by interpretaco~n. were after their
custome falle in to ydolacry. worshipyng fals ydoles.
& mawmettes. and so had lost theyr due obedience
vnto almyghty god: folowynge the wyckyd
lawes of Gentiles. This grete preest & bysshop acordynge 
to his offyce & duety. with helpe of Zorobabell
the true prynce & seruaunt of god. as tymely
as they had lycence of Cirus & Darius to retorne home.
and to reedifye the temple of god: what obedience
was in this holy bysshop. ye & wyth dylygence
also to brynge the people to the true & false obedyence
of god. the fyrste boke of Esdre playnly dooth
declare / So y=t= hymselfe was fully obedyent vnto
almyghty goddys wyl. and taughte al the people
to the same / As it doth appere as well of the spedy
buyldynge of the temple / as of ympnes. oblacyons
sacrifyces. with other praysynges of god / whiche he
& the Leuites at his co~maundement. shewed & made
vnto goddis worshyppe & praysynge. fyrste in
settynge the fundacyon of the sayd temple. as it is
declaryd the fyrste boke of Esdre the thyrde chapytre.
Zorobabell sayth he the sone of Salatiel. &
Ihu~s the sone of Josedech. & other of ther brethern
preestes & Leuites and all the resydue of Jewes delyuerde
from captyuyte ordeynyd Leuites from .xx
yeres age & aboue. to suruey the artifycers gadered
to the newe buyldynge of this temple. that they dyde
not neclygently theyr labour. Josue also. whiche
was Ih~s Josedech. wyth his chyld~n & bredern.
<P B1R>
as one man of one mynde & herte dyde all theyr dilygence
to spede this holy werke. What Joye what
gladnesse was there made bi this holy Jh~s. & other
the seruauntes of god by his example  & techynge.
at the settynge of the fundaco~n of this seconde te~ple.
there forthw=t= appereth. All the people sayth
Esdras there gadryd. cryed wyth grete voys to goddys 
prasynge / for as moche as the fundaco~n of the 
temple was sette. Many also of y=e= olde faders whiche
had seen the temple of Salomon stondynge. &
this temple now begyn. wepte wyth an hyghe voys /
And many there present lyfte theyr voyces in
Joye & gladnes. Suche agmixco~n was there of crie
amonge the people to goddys praysynge / that noo
man myght discerne the voyces of wepers. from y=e=
voyces of Joyfull people. so y=t= all enioyed in god.
Of this appereth morally. that one vertuous prelate
dooth moche good in crystis chyrche / as well for
his owne vertue & zelose obedyence vnto the lawe
of god: as in ledynge other men to do the same by
his holy doctryne and vertuous example. Agayn
where this buyldynge of the temple was interruptid
in y=e= tyme of Cambises sone vnto Cirus. whom
some callyd Assuerus. some Arthazarses / But in the
tyme of Cambises was it y=t= the werke of god. this
buyldynge went not forwarde / but lettyd was it by
fals accusars / whyche neuer cesse in the chyrche of 
Cryste to lette the werkes of god / as dayly experyence
dooth shewe: Whan Darius kynge of Babibilon
<P B1V>
inspyred by god the seconde yere of his reyne
gaue lycence vnto the Jewes to perfourme the temple
of god begon. And foundid at the lycence & comaundement
of Cirus / what obedyence / what dylygence / 
what zele this (\Ihu~s Josedech\) . wyth y=e= prestys.
Leuites & all the people had. to perfourme this
holy temple to goddys worshyp & praysynge. Ye &
what Joye & loouyng was geuen to god in dedicaco~n
of the same temple: in the syxte chapytre of the 
fyrste boke of Esdre playnly dooth appere. Some
men here present. ye & not a fewe. woll perauenture
muse / why & to what entent I brynge in thys
longe story of (\Ihu~s Josedech\) . the grete preest of y=e=
olde lawe / Surely this is my cause / For syth al holy
scripture is wryten for our erudico~n after y=e= apostle
the .xv. chapytre to the Romayns / That we to
whom trouthe is made open by Ihu~ Cryste. as techeth 
saynt Joh~n in the fyrste chapytre. sholde lern
obedience. lerne zele & dilygence to the lawe of god
of thyse faders passyd in fygure. And agayn to take
grete sham~ & conscyence whan we rede them to
haue doon so zelously in goddys cause. And beholde
ourself. how neclygent we ben in the same / For
cursyd is he whyche dooth the werkes of god fraudelently.
after Jeremye. the .xlviij. chapytre. They
buylded. we distroye. they gadryd. we disperge. they
curyd. we kylle. They made. we marre. I woll no
man accuse / but loke on our dedes. and behold theyrs.
and ye shall fynde that there is noo comparyson
<P B2R>
bytwene lyghte and derkenesse. Thenne haue
we here of two namyd by thys name Ihu~s of
laudable memory in the scrypture of god. The fyrste
was (\Ihu~s Naue\) . helper and sauer of the people
by myghte & power. The seconde was (\Ihu~s Josedech\) .
sauer of the seruauntes of god by deuowte
obedyence / as now hath be declared / The thyrde
of laudable memory of the same name was (\Ihu~s
filius Sirach\) . the sone of Sirach. sonnys sone vnto
Ihu~ Josedech / as hymself rehercyth in his Prologe
of the boke namyd by hym (\Ecclesiasticus\) .
   And full conuenyently was thys fader namyd 
Ihu~s. an helper or sauer of the people (\p~ sapiencia~\)
by his grete wysdom geuen vnto hym of god. and
by hym taughte to the people. vnto the worldes ende.
by reason of his laudable wysdom left behynde
hym in wrytyng in the boke of wysdom callyd                     #
(\Ecclesiasticus\) .
whyche boke. hymself fyrste made and
wrote in Hebrewe tonge. and after translatyd the
same in to Grekes tonge / As Ysodorus declaryth
and sheweth in the syxte boke of his Ethemologyse /
For the declaraco~n and expownynge of thys
trouthe. expedient & ryght necessary it is to knowe
and vnderstonde. what helpe and saluaco~n. wysdome
doth vnto man. Where ye shall vnderstonde &
marke in your mynde That oonly man of creatures
vnder heuen dyrectyth & ordereth his actes and
dedes by hys vnderstondynge to hys ende naturall 
or supernaturall / Thus I saye. to the entent it is
<P B2V>
or thus it sholde be. Now for as moche as mannes
vnderstondyng is radically corrupte by synne. and
so by ignoraunce. whiche is the moder of errour after
saynt Joh~n Crisostom the. xxv. Omelye of hys
Imperfyte werke on Math~u. expedyent it is therfore.
y=t= man erre not from his ende. naturally. or supernaturally
intendyd: that his vnderstondyng be
dyrected by some redy lyghte / This lyghte at philosophers
is comynly namyd the lyght of wysdom
And therfor naturally men desyre cu~nynge & wisdom.
as sayth Aristotle in the begynnynge of hys
Metaphisyke That euery man naturally desireth
to knowe / for the more y=t= ony man hath of wisdome
the better shall he dyrecte all his dedes to a due
ende. the lesse he hath of wysdom. the worse he shal
directe his dedes: but comynly erre. And very wyse
men comynly ordre wel al theyr dedes & neuer erre
And for this cause. that men wolde not erre from
theyr ende. ye naturally entendyd. what zele & besynesse 
olde faders had to atteyne wisdom / wonder
it is to rede. as at large declareth saynt Jerom in
his epistle (\ad paulinu~\) the prologe of the Byble it
is / We rede sayth saynt Jerom in old storyes. many
men haue soughte ferre countrees. straunge nacyns.
& passid ryght peryllous sees / that they myghte
speke famyliarly with suche philosophers. whose
werkes thei befor tyme had rad. to lerne of them
wysdom / This dyde bothe Pictagoras & Plato. of
whom sayth saynt Jerom in the same place (Suche
<P B3R>
zele had Plato to wysdom and cunnynge. that
he folowyd scyence in al the worlde / as though scyence
had fledde from him. And on a tyme was he
taken bi pirates in the see. & solde to Denyse y=e= grete
tyraunt / yet for as moche as he was a philosofer
a louer of cu~nynge & wysdom. he was more of pryce
than the tyraunt that boughte hym. syth by reason
of his cu~nynge. he cowde more temperatly bere
hymself in all aduersyte than hys mayster & souerayne 
hym hauynge in seruytude) There shewyth 
forth saynt Jerom of Titus Liuius. of Appolonius. 
& other wise men of the worlde in grete & profounde
wysdom & lernyng. How theyr fame of cu~nyng
& wysdom. droue men from the ferthest party
of the worlde. to here them. to lerne of them wysdome.
wherby they myghte surely ordre theyr actes
& dedes to a perfyte ende. and not erre from the same /
This labour & besynesse sayth saynt Jerom. toke
gentyl phylosophers oonly lenyng vnto y=e= lyghte
of reason. and wyth fayth no thynge Indowed /
And of this wysdom to be atteyned by mannes
Inquisico~n. Aristotle one of the grete enserchers of
the same: sayd there were two kyndes or parties. in
the syxte boke of his Ethikis. That one is callyd
Prudence. the other Sapyence. Prudence after
him is a wisdom to lede man that he erre not from
his resonable ende intendid in worldly occupaco~n &
besynesse. And Sapyence after hym stondeth in 
speculaco~n of highe & presume causes. so that sapience
<P B3V>
is a wysdome to lede man y=t= he erre not from
his ende naturally after Aristotle / but in very dede
supernaturally ententyd / And in this sapyence
after him restyth mannys felycyte. In so moche y=t= he
myghte atteyne to sapyence. as his opynyon was (\felix\)
blessyd or happy. For he sholde not erre from
truthes necessary to his blysse & perfyte ende. &
able it thise philosofers dide moche to atteyne ther
entent & purpose. not to erre from the ende: yet fayled
they ofte tymes therof. whyche appereth as wel 
of theyr errours abowte the laste & perfyte ende. as
of theyr errours abowte meanes ledynge to the same
ende / as declareth Aristotle in the fyrste boke of
his Ethikis / Where he sheweth that some put ther
fynall ende in ryches. some in co~cupiscence. som~ in
honour. & other transytory pleysures. whyche may
not endure: but must nedes faylle / Yet were thyse
callyd & acountid wyse men in the worlde / And suche
wyse men. that for theyr wysdom. they ben of
Immortall fame amonge worldly men. & callyd
Sapientes. wyse men. seuin by excellence. yet fayllyd
they & erryd from the trouthe / For neyther by
theyr prudence ne yet theyr sapyence. ladde they or
themself. or theyr folowers to the ryghte & perfyte
ende naturall. or supernaturall Then~e was none 
of this Ihu~s (\p~ sapiencia~\) the helper or sauer of
man to lede hy~ by wysdom to his right ende. The
second cause of this errour declareth y=e= apostle Poule
in y=e= fyrste chapytre to the Romayns / This philosofers
<P B4R>
erred sayth saynt Poul / For whan they
knewe god: they worshypt not hy~ as theyr god / but
wanysshid in theyr proude reasons. & callyng them
self wyse men. were foolys in dede / But a question
is this / how knewe thyse philosofers god: the apostle
ansuereth in the same place. The Inuisible misteryes
of god sayth he be knowe of man. y=e= cheif creature
of this worlde. by other smaller & lower creatures
of the same / But how vanysshid thyse philosofers.
how erred they: For sothe for they gaue not
due thankes to god theyr maker & geuer of ther benefytes.
Sayth saynt Austin on this letter / Thyse
philosofers sawe the ende of all creatures: knewe
there was one god by the lyghte of reason / but vnkynde
vnto ther maker y=t= gaue to them this knowlege: 
ascribed to themself proudly ther knowlege &
wysdom / & for theyr pryde: lost ther true knowlege
& made both blynde & errynge from trouth. accordyng
vnto y=e= prophecye of Abdy. y=e= fyrste chapytre.
rehercyd by the apostle y=e= fyrst epistle. & fyrst chapitre
vnto the Corinthees. I shall sayth god by hys
prophete. distroye & brynge to nought y=e= sapience of
sapient men: & I shall reproue & brynge in confusyon
the prudence of prudent men of this worlde. In
whyche wordes god Joyneth togyders sapience &
prudence of this world. shewyng y=t= they. ne yet ony
of them. ledeth or helpeth man to hys perfyte ende
And forw=t= sheweth thapostle in y=e= same place. what
sapience. & what prudence it is. y=t= redily ledeth man
<P B4V>
to his perfyte ende. y=t= he ne erre abowte the ende. ne
yet in meanes to y=e= same. It plesyd god sayth the
apostle. by prechyng of his holy gospell & wysdom
therw=t= in conteyned. as the worlde acou~tyd folyssnes.
euerlastyngly to saue all tho. whiche therunto
geue fast & stronge fayth. accordyng vnto the wordes
of our sauyour. in y=e= laste chapytre of Marke.
Preche ye sayde Cryste to his discyples my gospell
to all men & wy~men. say ye vnto them / y=t= he whiche
truly bileuyth & is baptized. shalbe euerlastyngly
saued / So y=t= in the scrypture of god is wryten
true wysdom conteynyng perfyte prudence. & perfyte
sapience Prudence to directe euery man in this
worlde lyuynge. y=t= he erre not in worldly actes & besinesse.
Sapience / y=t= he erre not in his finall ende. &
truthes to the same required. Fulgens in his sermon
of Confessours this shewyth at large In holy
scrypture is conteyned both mylke for yonge chyld~n.
& substancyall meete for men / y=t= is to saye (easy
lernyng for begy~ners: & profou~de wisdom for men
of cu~nynge) It folowyth. there is doctryne conuenyent.
for eueri aege. for euery state. for eueri condico~n
& c~ / This holy & ghostly wisdom was it. y=t= good fad~s
euer desyred to haue. y=t= they with lyghte. myghte
passe thrugh this worlde in suche astates as thei
stode on wythoute errour or offence to god. and fynally
theyr supernaturall ende. to whyche ende. y=e=
wysdome of the worlde myghte neuer lede the hauer /
As of Salomon we rede in the thyrde
<P B5R>
boke and thyrde chapytre of the kynges. whyche co~mau~ded 
by god to aske him what petyco~ns he wolde
& it sholde be grauntyd. askyd of god on~ly wysdom
to ordre hymself & his people to goddis pleysure /
god gaue hym wysdom aboue all mortall men /
as appereth in the fourth chapitre of the same boke.
Almy+gty god sayth he gaue vnto Salomon
plenteuous abundance of sapience & prudence. And
wyth this wysdom. came generally all other profitable 
goodes. The wysdome of this prynce was
so grete. that the people of ferre countrees came to
seke hym. & lerne of hym wysdom: Some in Jugementes
Some to ordre well theyr reames or housholdes.
some to ordre themselfe to goddis pleysure
In somoche that (\regina Saba\) the noble pryncesse
heryng the merueyllous wysdom of Salomon. came
out of ferre countrees. to here & lerne of his wysdom /
as it is open the thyrde boke of the kynges y=e=
x. chapytre / Of whyche apperyth that this ghostly
& godly wysdom of olde tyme was gretly desyrid
of grete men. of meane men. of eueri astate / For
by this wysdom they myghte ordre all theyr lyues
to goddis pleysure. knowe theyr ende. atteyne theyr
ende. not be ignoraunt ne yet erre abowte theyr ende.
ne meanes to the same. This worlde is goon &
in effecte tornyd vp & downe / For where somtyme
men soughte for ghostly wysdom to saue theyr soules.
Now laboureth eueri man in effecte for worldly 
wysdom / For now from the hyghest to the lowest.
<P B5V>
euery man studyeth in auarice. and from y=e= prophete
to the preeste euery man dooth gyle & sleyght
Jeremy. the .vi. chapytre. yf they labour for wysdome
of cu~nynge & knowlege as dyde Phylosophres
of whom I spake aboue. of whom sayth the apostle 
the fyrste chapytre of the fyrste epistle to y=e= Corinthees
Jewes aske sygnes & Grekes wysdom
somwhat were it. ye & somwhat co~mendable were
it. For after Aristotles cu~nynge & wysdom is. acou~tid
amonge goodes honourable / But this wysdom
is goon also. Men force neyher of ghostly wysdom 
ne yet of seculare wysdom. callyd  scyence & cu~nynge /
But on~ly wyse men ben acounted in this worlde. 
whiche can fynde subtyll & crafty meanes to gete
goodes playne falsnesse in englysshe / Whoos
ende is euerlastynge dethe. and god is glorifyed in
theyr confusyon whyche sauour alle of the worlde.
wryten to the Philipenses the thyrde chapytre /
Now to my purpoos. I saye this man (\Ihu~s filius 
Sirach\) of laudable memory. was conuenyently
callyd Ihu~s. an helper or sauer of the people by
his grete wysdom. whyche wysdom / what worldly 
nay ghostly. He fyrst taughte. & thenne left in wrytyng.
wherby man may duely ordre his lyfe to hys
ende naturall & supernaturall. & neyther to be ignoraunt
ne erre abowte the same. or ony of the same.
as in the processe of the boke namyd (\Ecclesiasticus\)
of his wrytynge and translacion as I sayd aboue
playnly dooth appere. In whyche boke sayth
<P B6R>
saynt Jerom. this holy fader ledyth and persuadyth 
men in this mortall lyfe to the zele and loue
of wysdom / as wysdom conteyneth all vertues /
Soo that in the techynge and declarynge of wysdom.
he taughte all vertues / and how man sholde
euery maner wyse lyue vertuously / wherby he myghte
redily and surely atteyne his ende. and therof
erre ne fayle.
   Now is there here shewed you from the begynnynge
of thre men of laudable memory conuenyently
namyd by this name Ihu~s / for eche of them in his
tyme. was an helper or sauer of the people. The
fyrste by power. The seconde by obedyence. And y=e= 
thyrde by wysdom / as it hath now be declaryd: yet
was ther none of y=e= thre (\Ip~e ihu~s qui ap~pinqua~s
ibat cu~ illis\) The same  Ihu~s whyche nyghynge.
walkyd with mankynde / but rather fygures or seruau~tes
of the same Ihu~s. of the essenciall Ihu~s. of
the very true Ihu~s / whyche is the sone of god and
man / And that I shewe this / For where as eche
of theym was conuenyently namyd Jhu~s. that is
to saye. an helper or sauer of the people by vertues
perticulare / as that one was by power. that other
by obedyence / and the thyrde by wysdom / Yet was
there not one of thyse thre. whyche had alle thyse
vertues / neyther ony of theym plenarily / but by partycipacyon
of oure Ihu~s Cryste / Of whoos fulnesse
and abundaunce we all haue receyued dyuers
vertues and manyfolde gracyous yeftes. the fyrste
<P B6V>
chapytre of John. (\Ihu~s Naue\) had power: but (\ad
mensura~\) at a mesure. (\Ihu~s Josedech\) had obedyence:
but (\ad mensura~\) [^EDITION: and mensura~^] So had (\Ihu~s    #
Sirach\) wisdom
(\ad mensuram\) in a mesure as god gaue vnto
hym / Bu~t Ihu~s Cryste was (\plenus gr~e & veritatis\)
the fyrst chapytre of John. almyghty of power
perfyte of obedyence. And full. ye infenyte of wysdom.
So that y=e= same our Ihu~s gaue power to Josue.
obedyence to (\Ihu~s Josedech\) . And ghostly wysdom
to (\Ihu~s Sirach\) / For at his hyghe worde al
thynges were made. He co~mau~did. & all creatures
were create & brought forth of nought. the. C. xlviij
psalme / Thenne of this Ihu~s our sauyour Cryste
purpoos I to talke wyth his mercy (\Qm~ ip~e ihu~s
ap~pinquans ibat cu~ illis\) The same Ihu~s nyghyng
walkyd wyth mankynde. In whyche wordes
I sayd there be two partyes to be declaryd. conteynynge
two notable truthes. The fyrste is. y=t= the
same Ihu~s hath nyghed to mankynde. The seconde
is. that the same Ihu~s hath walkid with mankynde /
And of thyse two. foloweth as a corelary. y=e=
thirde trouth. that the same Ihu~s hath fynally brought
mankynde to euerlastyng reste in heuen. and
in this hath shewed himself to be very Ihu~s. y=e= perfyte
sauyour of mankynde. He nyghed I saye to
mankynde (\p~ potencia~\) by his almyghty power. He
walkyd w=t= man (\p~ obedie~cia~\) by perfyte obedyence
And fynally broughte man to reste & blysse (\p~ sapiencia~\) 
by his Infinyte wysdom. Fyrste I say our
<P C1R>
sauiour Ihu~s had nyghed to mankynde by his almyghty
power thre wayes (\creando. nascendo. ministrando\) 
by his acte of creaco~n. by his acte of Incarnaco~n.
& by his holy mynystraco~n. whyche thre
w=t= our lordis mercy I shal shewe you in this fyrst
party. And wyth all. how mankynde hath euer &
contynually be waywarde. & goo from god. Of whiche
wyl appere the goonesse of god. & the vnkyndnesse
of man. Fyrst I say our sauyour Cryste
nyghed vnto man by his almyghty power in y=e=
acte of creaco~n / To whoos declaraco~n I shal shew 
you thre conclusyons. Fyrste wherin stondeth y=e= acte 
of creacion. Seconde y=t= Ihu~s Cryste the eternall
sone of god the fader. excersyced & shewed this acte
as well on man. as on al other creatures. And thyrde 
how in executynge of this acte. he nyghed vnto
man. Fyrste in this party. ye shall vnderstonde /
that (\creare est ex nichilo aliq~ facere\) after the mayster
of the sentence in the begynnyng of the seconde 
boke. 
 


<B CMAELR4>
<Q M4 IR RULE AELR4>
<N INST AELRED 4>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T RULE>
<G TRANSL>
<F FRENCH>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^AELRED OF RIEVAULX'S DE INSTITUTIONE
INCLUSARUM.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 287.
ED. J. AYTO AND A. BARRATT.
LONDON, 1984.
PP. 13.522 - 17.679 (MS BODLEY 423)^]

<P 13>
[} (\CAPITULUM XIJ\) }]
[}HOU CHASTITE WITH-OUTE MEKENES IS AS A DRYE FLOURE.}]

   Al-though chastite be the flour of alle vertues, yit         #
with-oute
mekenesse she waxith drye and fadith his colour. Therfor I      #
shal telle
the somwhat of mekenes: ther is noon so syker a grounde and     #
stable
<P 14>
foundement anemst alle vertues as is mekenesse, with-oute whom  #
alle
gostly begynnynges ben ful ruynous. Right as mekenesse is the 
grounde of alle vertues, as I haue saide bifore, so is pride    #
the grounde
and the moder of alle vices, the whiche caste Lucifer out of    #
heuen and
Adam oute of paradys. Of this wrecched rote springen many       #
b[{ra{]unches:
natheles alle mown be diuyded in-to too spices, that is in-to
bodily pride and gostly pride. Bodily pride stondith in         #
bostynge and
veyn-glory of outwarde bodily thinges. Gostly pride stondith    #
in bostynge
and veyn-glory of inwarde gostly thynges.
   Than if thou that shuldist be Cristys mayde haue eny         #
veyn-glory
with-in thiself of eny array, of nobleye, of ty[{r{]e, of       #
beute, of shap of
body, of semelyheed or of dyuerse ornamentes of thy selle, of   #
clothes,
of peyntures or of ymages and suche othir, thou offendist thy   #
lorde
and thy special louyer in pride of outward thinges. If thou     #
haue eny
veyn-glory of thy poure array for Goddis sake, of deuocyons,    #
of gostly
felynges, of diuerse preseruacions day or nyght, not thonkynge  #
Iesu
Crist therfore bot wenynge that it cometh of thiself, than      #
thou offendist
thy lord and thy special louyer in pride of inward thinges.     #
Oure
Lord whom thou louest so specialy, whan he cam in-to this       #
worlde, he
made hym poure to make the riche and he chees a poure moder, a  #
pore
house, a poure meyne and a cracche to lye inne, in stede of a   #
ryal
bedde.
   Loue him therfor wel and thanke him that he hath so          #
enspired the to
chese rather chastite and clennes than flesshly lust and        #
likynge, for
certeyn thou hast chosen the best part; kepe it if thou may     #
and if thou
be ioyful, be thou ioyful in God with-in-forthe, for +te        #
prophete saith
thus: (\Omnis gloria filie regis abintus in fimbreis aureis     #
circumamicta
varietatibus\) . 'Al the ioye of the kinges doughter', he       #
saith, 'he shuld
be with-in-forthe, in golden hemmes vmbigon with diuersitees    #
of vertues,'
and there may she here his fader speke to hir and say, as the
prophete saith: (\Audi filia et vide et inclina aurem tuam et   #
obliuiscere
populum tuum et domum patris tui quia concupiscet rex decorem
tuum\) . That is to say, 'Here, doughter, and se and bowe down  #
thyn
eere.' Why? To listne what he saith 'Foryete the peple of veyn
thoughtes and thy fadirs hous, that is to say of worldly        #
vanitees, for
the kynge my sone hath desired thy beute.' This is a blessed    #
wower,
that wowith for his sone. Here therfore and se, al this shuld   #
be thyn
in ioye; this ioye shuld be witnes of thy conscience, this      #
ioye shuld be
thy gardeyn, thyn orcharde and thy disport.
   Ther maist thow beholde and se hou dyuerse vertues swetely
semblen hem togidir: euery of hem encressith other vertues and 
fairnes, for she that is fair ynowgh in hir owen kynde, is      #
fairir for hir
<P 15>
felowe. Se now how: couple mekenes to chastite and ther is no   #
thynge
brighter; couple mercy to rightwesnes and ther is noo thynge    #
swetter;
couple symplenes to prudence and ther is no thynge lighter;     #
couple
myldenes to strengthe and ther is no thynge profitabler. In     #
this
dyuersite of vertues occupie thy gostly eye in thy disport and  #
forme 
hem in thiself; and if thou annexe hem to the gilden hemmes,    #
than art
thou rialy arrayed with a mottely cote, the whiche thy lord     #
Iesu hath
ordeyned for +te.
   An hemme is the lower partie and, as were, the ende of a     #
cote. By 
this hemme I vnderstonde charite, whiche is the ende and the    #
hemme
of al the lawe, in a clene herte, a good conscience and a       #
trewe feith. In
these thinges sette al thy ioye inwardly, and not in outwarde   #
thinges.

[} (\CAPITULUM XIIJ\) }]

[}HOW THE AWTIER OF A RECLUSE ORATORYE SHULD BE ARRAYED}]
   Now shal I shewe the how thou shalt arraye thyn oratory.     #
Arraye
thyn autier with white lynnen clothe, the whiche bitokeneth     #
bothe
chastite and symplenesse, Thenke first hou flexe cometh oute    #
of the
erthe and with gret labour is maad white, as with dyuerse       #
wasshinges
and purginges, and than dryed and atte last, to make it moor    #
whyte, it
nedeth to haue both fire and water. By this flexe I             #
vnderstonde al 
mankynde that cam oute of the erthe, the whiche mankynde is by
grace maad white by baptem, where that wickednes is put a-way,  #
but
not infirmyte, for in partie we resceyue clennes in baptem but  #
not
fully, for cause of corrupcyon of nature that aboundith in vs.
   After this baptem mankynde nedeth to be dryed by abstinence  #
and 
other bodely affliccyons from vnclene an vnleeful humours and   #
than 
nedith mankynde to be brused with yren hamours, that is with
dyuerse temptacions and so be rent with dyuerse hokes of        #
disciplynes
and confessions to auoyde the foule rust of synne of quotidyan
defautes the whiche thei beren aboute. And firthermore, if      #
thei wil
ascende to an hyer grace of moor clennes, that is chastite,     #
than mosten
+tei passe by fire of tribulacion and water of compunccyon.     #
Thus shalt
thou arraye thyn autier of thyn oratorye.
   In this autere sette an ymage of Cristis passion, that thou  #
may haue
mynde and se hou he sette and spredde his armes a-brood to      #
resceyue
the and al mankynde to mercy, if thai wil axe it. And if it     #
plese the,
sette on that oo syde an ymage of oure Lady and a-nother on     #
that other 
syde of Seint Iohn, for commendacyon of moor chastite, in       #
token that
oure Lord is wel plesed with chastite, bothe of man and of      #
womman,
the whiche he [{halow{]ed in oure Lady and Seint Iohn. Beholde  #
the
ymage of oure Lady and thenke that she is helper of mankynde,   #
ioye of
<P 16>
heuen, refute of wrecches, solace and comfort of disperate,     #
lady of the
worlde, queen of heuen.
   And than renne to Cristys passyon, sekynge therin oo         #
thynge, 
that is oure Lorde himself, for who-so cleueth to him, he is    #
oo spiryt
with hym, passynge in-to hym, the whiche is alway the same,     #
whos
yeres faylen neuere. This cleuynge to Iesu is no thynge elles   #
but
charite, whiche is the hemme and the ende of al the lawe, as I  #
haue 
saide before.
   Now haue I shewed the a motley cote, a weddynge cote, a      #
cote with
golden hemmes, the whiche shuld be a maydens cote, vmbigoon     #
with
diuersitees of vertues, annexed to the [{whiche{] the hemme of  #
charite,
the whiche charite is dyuyded in-to tweyne, loue of God and     #
loue of
thy neighboure; the loue of thy neighbore stondith in good      #
wille and 
in innocence. Good wille wolde that al that thou woldist men    #
diden to
the, thou shuldest do to hem. Innocence wolde that thou         #
sholdest not
do to a-no+ter, the whiche thou woldist not were doon to the.
   The first the semeth is harde, sith thy profession wolde     #
that thou
sholdist noo temperal good haue; nay, is it not so. The         #
seconde the
semeth is light ynowgh, for thou maist hurte no man but with    #
thy
tonge. Certeyn the first is as light as thys, for ther may no   #
matere be of
yuel wille wher no couetise is; therfore wilne wel to alle      #
folke and do
the profyt that thou maist. Perauenture thou saist, 'What       #
profyt shal I
doo, sith I may be suffred to haue no thynge forto yeue to      #
pore folke?'
Thou seist wel, good suster; knowe what staat thou standist in.
   Ther wern too sustirs: that one Martha and that o+tir        #
Maria, as the 
gospel tellith; that oon labored, and that other was as she     #
were ydel;
that one yaf, the tothir asked; the tone serued, the tothir     #
norisshed hir
affeccyon, not rennynge aboute hyder and tyder in resceyuynge   #
of
pore gestes ne distrayt of gouernayl of housholde, but she      #
saat at Iesus
feet, herynge deuoutly what he saide. This is thy part,         #
suster, in this
stondist thou, dere sustir, for thou art deed and buryed to     #
the worlde.
Martha was commended as for good occupacion, but Marye was 
commended of oure Lorde as for the better partye. Trowist thow  #
that
Marye grucched of Martha? Nay, but rather Martha of Marye. In   #
the
saam wise thei the whiche ben holden good comoun lyuers of the
worlde grucchen of thy lyuynge, not thov of hers.
   Therfore almes that shuld be youen longeth to hem whiche han
worldly godes or holy chirche godes to dispende. For the godes
whiche cristen peple yeuen to holy chirche, the mynistres that  #
han it
to kepe shulde departe it either to wydowes, fadirles           #
children, pilgrimes,
or to other pore folke and also to hem that seruen in holy
<P 17>
chirche. Also the godes whiche are youen to abbeys or to othir  #
houses 
of religyon it is committed to certeyne persones of the saam    #
house to 
dispende as it nedeth and +te ouer-pluys shuld be shitte in     #
hucches to 
be deled to poure folke, as I saide before. Alle this peple     #
representen
+te staat of Martha.
   Cloistrers han not to do with this, but +tei shulden         #
norisshe her
affeccions with blessed idelnes and feden her soule with        #
gostly delytes. 
Than sithen to cloistrers it is not suffred to ben occupyed     #
with
the lyf of Martha, muche moor to the that vtterly hast forsake  #
al
worldly besynesse and art called a recluse. If it so be that    #
thou haue
eny thynge in stoor thorugh thyn owen labore, dele it to pore   #
folke.
Yhe and though thou haue no thynge for-to yeue, yhit in the     #
sight of
God a gode wille is moor to be commended than eny bodily yifte:
yeue that therfore. What is better than praier? Yeue that.      #
What is 
kynder than pyte? Yeue +tat. And al the worlde attones          #
biclippe and
gripe in the bosom of loue and charite. And for hem whiche      #
thou 
fyndest good lyuers, thanke oure Lorde, and for hem that thou
fyndest yuel lyuers, by wailyng and wepynge praie oure Lorde    #
for
hem; with pyte biholde hem the whiche ben in dissese, as pore   #
peple,
destitucion of widowes, desperat soules, nedes of pilgrymes,    #
perels of
shipmen, vowe of maydens, temptacion of monkes, besynes of      #
prelates
and laboures of tilyenge peple. To alle these shaltow open thy
bosom of loue and charite, for this almes is moost accordynge   #
to thy
professyon and to our Lord most acceptable and to hem that it   #
is
youen to, most spedful and profitable. Alle these thynges       #
helpen
gretly thyn holy purpos for truly, as Seynt Gregory seith,      #
holy faders
afore these days studieden with al her besynes to refuse al     #
worldly
good as nye as they mighten, that thei mighten therby the       #
lightlyer
loue God and her neighbore. 



<B CMVICES4>
<Q M3/4 IR RELT VICES4>
<N VICES AND V 4>
<A X>
<C M3/4>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G TRANSL>
<F FRENCH>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE BOOK OF VICES AND VIRTUES. A FOURTEENTH
CENTURY ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF
THE SOMME LE ROI OF LORENS D'ORLEANS.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 217.
ED. W. N. FRANCIS.
LONDON, 1942. 
PP. 97.8 - 116.25^]

<P 97>
(^Here 
he teche+t how +te pater noster schal be understonde.^)
   Whan men setten first a child to lerne lettrure,
men teche+t hym his pater noster. Who-so
wole lerne +tis clergie, hym bihoue+t become
meke and vmble as a child, for to suche scolers teche+t
oure goode maister Ihesu Crist +tis clergie, +tat is +te
faireste and +te profitableste +tat is, who-so wel              #
vnderstonde+t
it and holt it. For suche wene+t +tei kunne
it and vnderstonde it wel +tat wite+t neuere what it is
but +te schelle wi+t-oute, +tat is +te lettre; +tat is good,
but it is litle wor+t as afor+gens +te +gelke +tat is wi+t-ynne
so swete. It is wel schort in wordes and ri+gt
longe in sentence, +tat is vnderstondynge; li+gt to seyn,
sutel to vnderstonde. +Tis orisoun passi+t alle o+tere
orisounes in +tre +tinges: in wor+tynesse, in schortnesse,
and in profitabelnesse. +Te wor+tynesse is +tat Goddes
sone made it to God +te fadre in word. God +te 
Holy Gost is +tat a man aske+t; he wolde +tat it were
schort, for no man scholde excusen hym to lerne it,
and for no man scholde +ting heuy to seyn it gladly and
ofte. And for to schewe +tat God +te fadre here+t vs
ri+gt soone as we bidde+t hym wi+t good herte, for he
ne rekke+t nou+gt of longe tarienge ne of wordes y-polesched 
or y-rymed. For, as seynt Gregori sei+t,
'Verrey doynge is not to speke faire wordes wi+t
+te mou+t, but to make gret compleynt for synne and
<P 98>
+terwi+t sore sy+gynges of herte.' +Te wor+t and +te
profi+gt of +tis orisoun is so gret +tat it comprehende+t
in schort wordes al +tat a man may desyre in herte
and bidde +tat good is. +Tat is to seye +tat a man be
delyuerede of alle wikkednesse & fulfild of al goodnesse.
+Tus bigynne+t +te pater noster: 'Fader 
oure, +tat art in heuene.' Now be-holde wel how
oure goode pledour, aduoket, and oure swete maister
Ihesu Crist, +tat is +te wisdom of God +te fadre and 
wot and knowe+t alle +te lawes and vsages of his court,
teche+t +te to plede wisly and sutelly, and schortly
speke+t. Forso+te +tis first word +tat +tou seist, +gif
it be wel vnderstonde and folewed, schal wynne +te
al +ti querele. For seynt Bernard sei+t +tus: '+Te orisoun
+tat bigynne+t bi +te swete name of +te fadre +gyue+t
vs hope to purchase wel al +tat we praien.' +Tis swete
word 'fadre,' +tat make+t swete al +te remenaunt,
schewe+t +te what +tou schalt leue and somoune+t +te
to +tat +tou schalt do. And +tese tweie +tinges sauen a 
man: whan he leue+t wel and a-ri+gt, and do+t +ter-after
as he scholde. Whan +t=u= clepest hym fadre, +tou
be-knowest +tat he is lord of +te hous, +tat is of heuene
and of er+te, and chyueteyn and bigynnere and welle,
wherbi alle creatures and al good come+t, and +tus
+tou bi-knowest his my+gt. After, si+t +tat he is

fadre, he is ordeynour and gouernour and purueyour
of his meyne, and namely of his children, +tat is of 
men +tat he hymself ha+t made to his owne liknesse,
and +tus +t=u= knowest his wisdom. And also, si+t he
is fadre by kynde and bi ri+gtfulnesse, he loue+t al +tat
he ha+t made, as sei+t +te boke of Wisdom; and he is
swete and debonere and loue+t and noresche+t his
children and sei+t to hem here profi+gt betere +tan +tei
kunne hemself deuise; & he bete+t hem and chaste+t
hem whan +tei mysdo+t, for here owne profitt, as a
good fadre, and gladly receyue+t hem whan +tei come+t
to hym; and in +tis +tou knowlechest his goodnesse
<P 99>
and his debornesse. Now schewe+t +te +tis word
+tat +tou seyst, 'fadre,' his my+gt and his wisdom and
his goodnesse. It reherse+t also on +tat o+ter side to 
+tiself +ti nobleie, +ti fairenesse, +ti richesse. Gretter
nobleie may non be +tan to be so gret an emperoures
sone as God is. Gretter richesse may no man haue
+tan to be eir of al +tat he ha+t. Gretter fairenesse
may non haue +tan to be like to hym ari+gt, +te whiche
fairenesse is so gret +tat it passe+t +tou+gt of man and of
aungel. And +tus +tis word 'fadre' meue+t +te +tat 
+tou art sone, for +tou dost +ti trauaile to be like hym,
as a good sone schal be like to his good fadre, +tat is to
seye +tat +tou be dou+gty and my+gty, strong and stedefast
to do good, and +tat +tou be wis and auysee, large and
curteis, swete and deboner and wi+t-out vileyne, as
he is, and +t=t= +tou hate synne and fil+te and al              #
schrewdenesse,
as he do+t, so +tat +tou go nou+gt out of +ti kynde.
+Tan menewe+t +te +tis word as ofte as +tou seist +ti 
pater noster +tat +gif +tou be sone ari+gt, +tou schalt be
like to hym kyndely by comaundement and bi ri+gtfulnesse, 
and +tou schalt do to hym loue, worschipe,
reuerence, drede, seruise, and buxumnesse. Now
bi+tenke +te +tan, whan +tou seist +ti pater noster, +tat
+tou be to hym good sone and trewe, +gif +tou wolt 
+tat he be to +te good fadre and debonere. Whan
a newe kny+gt go+t to a bataile or to +te turnement,
men bidden hym +tenke whos sone he is, and ri+gt
so schalt +tou +tenke. Now sest +tou wel how swete
+tis first word is, and how it meue+t +te to be dou+gty
and wor+ty and wel y-tau+gt, and it teche+t +te what 
+tou schalt be. (^ [{H{]ow a man schal vnderstonde 'Fadre
oure.'^)
   Now wole we aske whi +tou seist 'fadre oure,' and 
not 'fadre myn'; and whiche felawes +tou hast
whan +t=u= seist '+gyue vs,' and not '+gyue me,' we schulle
seye +te. No wi+gt schal seye 'fadre myn' but only he
<P 100>
+tat is sone of kynde, wi+t-out bigynnyng and endyng,
verrei Goddes sone. But we be+t not his sones
of kynde, but in as moche as we be+t made to his
ymage, and so be+t +tee sarazenes; +ge but we be+t his
sones bi grace and bi adopcioun. Adopcioun is a

word of lawe ciuile. For as bi +te lawes of emperoures,
whan a gret lord ha+t no child, he may chese a pore
mannes sone, +gif he wole, and make of hym his eir bi
adopcioun, +tat is to seye bi auowerie, so +tat men
holde+t it as for his sone and auowed to bere his
heritage. +Tis grace dide vs God +te fadre, nou+gt
for oure deseruyng, as seynt Poule sei+t; whan he made
vs come to cristendom, we were pore & naked and
sones of wra+t+te of helle. +Tan whan we seyn 'fadre
oure' and '+gyue vs,' we gaderen yn wi+t vs alle oure
bre+teren bi adopcioun, +tat ben children of holy
chirche bi +te bileue +tat +tei receyuede at here               #
cristenedome. 
Nowe schewe+t vs +tan +tis word 'oure' +te
largenesse and +te curtesye of God oure fadre, +tat
+gyue+t ble+teloker ynow +tan litle, and to manye +tan
to on alone, as seynt Gregory sei+t, +tan an orisoun,
+te more comune +tat it is, +te more it is wor+t. As +te
candele is more wor+ty +tat serue+t in an halle ful of
folke, +tan +tilke +tat serue+t but o man alone. +Tis
word moneste+t vs to +gilde +tanke and grace wi+t al
oure herte of +te grete grace +tat he ha+t y-do vs, wher-by
we be+t his sones and his eires, and ri+gt wi+t brennyng
loue scholde we loue oure eldest bro+ter, Ihesu Crist,
+tat ha+t made vs felawes wi+t hym in +tis grace. +Tis
word amoneste+t vs +tat we kepen besiliche in oure
herte +te Holy Gost, +tat is oure witnesse of +tis adopcioun 
as a wed, as seynt Poule sei+t, wher-bi we be+t
siker to haue oure fadres heritage, +tat is +te ioye of
paradis. +Tis word lerne+t vs and sei+t +tat we be+t
alle bre+teren, grete and smale, pore and riche, hi+ge
and lowe, of on fadre and on modre, +tat is to seye of
God and holy chirche, and +tat non schal scorne ne
<P 101>
despise o+tere, but loue as his bro+tere, and on schal
helpe a-no+tere, as do+t +te lymes of a mannes owne
body, and on bidde for a-no+tere. As seynt Iame
sei+t, and it is gretliche oure profytt, for +tou leist +ti
biddynge in comune, +tou hast part of al +te comunyte
of holy chirche. And for on pater noster +tat +tou seist,
+tou wynnest mo +tan an hundred +tousande. +Tis
word 'oure' teche+t vs to hate +tre +tinges, namely:
pride, hate, couetise. Pride dryue+t a man out of
felawschip, for he wolde be aboue alle o+tere. Hate
putte+t hym out of felawschip, for whan he wre+t+te+t
and werrie+t wi+t on, he werrie+t wi+t alle +te o+tere.
Couetise dryue+t a man out of felawschip, for he
wole not hymself ne his goodes be in comune a-mong
o+tere. And +terfore suche men habbe+t no part of +te
holy pater noster. +Tis word 'oure' schewe+t vs +tat
God is oures +gif we wolen, and +te fadre and sone and
Holy Gost. +Tis is his name; kepe we +tes comaundementes,
and so sei+t Iohn in +te gospel. (^How +tis^)
(\'Qui es in celis'\) (^is vnderstonde.^)
   Whan I seye '+tat art in heuene,' I seye tweie
+tinges, as +tus: I seye, '+Te kyng is at London,'

here I seye +te kyng is kyng and +tat he is at London;
ri+gt so I seye he is, and I seye he is in heuene. Men
fynde+t y-writen [{in{] +te secounde boke of +te lawe
+tat God aperede to Moises in a mountayne and
seide to hym, 'Goo in-to Egipte and seye to +te kyng
Pharao on myn half +tat he delyuere my peple, +te
children of Israhel, out of +te +traldom +tat he halt hem
ynne.' 'Syre,' seide Moises, '+Gif men aske how men
clepe+t +gow, what schal I seye?' 'I am +tat I am,'
seide God. 'So schalt +tou seye to +te children of 
Israhel, "+Tat is, sent me to +gow."' Now seyn goode
men and holy and goode clerkes, among alle +te hei+ge
<P 102>
names of oure lord, +tat is +te first and +te proprist,
and +tat most ri+gtfullich teche+t vs to knowe what God
is, for alle +te o+tere names, ou+ter +tei speken of his
goodnesse, o+ter of his wisdom, o+ter of his my+gt,
o+ter +tat he is suche or suche, +tat is he is ri+gt good.
+Tis is +te ri+gt good. +Tis is +te ri+gt wis. +Tis is
+te ri+gt my+gty. And many o+tere wordes as men
seyn of hym, and +git sey +tei not +te so+t properliche
of +te beynge of God. But we +tat ben grete and
boistreous in speche to speke of so hi+ge +ting, speke
we of God as men ben woned to likne and deuyse a
man +tat men kunne not nempne, as men sei+t, 'He
is a kyng; he is a duke; he is a grete maister, so faire
and large,' and suche o+ter preisynges at +te leste weie
+tat men mowe knowe hym +ter-by. And +git seye
+tei not his ri+gt name; and ri+gt so speke we of God,
and many wordes fynde we +tat schewe+t vs wel what
is of him, but +ter nys non +tat is so propre as is +tis
word '+tat is,' +tat so propreliche and so schortliche and
so attaynauntliche and sotyliche nempne+t hym to vs,
in as moche as oure vnderstondyng may a-reche.
For God is he +tat alone is, as seynt Iop sei+t; he is
alone, to speke ri+gtfulliche. For he alon is euere-more,
wi+t-out begynnyng and wi+t-oute endyng; +tat may
no man seie of non o+ter +ting. After, he alon is
veraliche. For he is verray & trew+te. Alle +tinges
y-schape, +tat be+t alle creatures, be+t veyn & vanite,
as Salamon sei+t, and nou+gtes as to regarde to hym,
and to nou+gt +tei schulde bicome but +tei were
susteyned +turgh his vertue. And more-ouer he
alone is setter and fastholder. For he is euere-more on
and in o poynt, wi+t-oute any turblyng, wi+t-oute any
chaungyng, wi+t-oute any meuyng in any manere,
as seynt Iame sei+t, and alle o+tere +tinges be+t moueable
in sum kynde; +tan is he cleped propreliche '+tat is.'
<P 103>
For he is veraliche wi+t-out vanite, stedefast wi+t-oute
any flittynge, euere-more wi+t-oute any bigynnyng
and wi+t-oute ende and wi+t-oute euer schal be, for in
him passe+t no tyme. Now schalt +tou wel vnderstonde 
+tat +ter nys no +ting +tat a man may bettere
kunne +tan +tat God is, but +ter nis no +ting so hard

to kunne +tan whi & what +ting God is. And +terfore
we rede +tat +tou studie not to moche to wite ne
enquere. For +tou my+gt li+gtliche faile and go amys;
it suffise+t to +te [{to{] seie, 'Faire swete fadre, +tat art   #
in 
heuene.' So+t is +tat he is ouer al present, in er+te,
in +te scee, and in helle, as he is in heuene. But
men seyn +tat he is in heuene. For he is y-seie +tere
most and most y-knowe and most y-loued and most
y-worschiped. And after he is in heuene gostliche,
+t=t= is in holi hertes +tat be+t hi+ge, bri+gt, and clene as
is +te heuene. For in suche hertes he is y-seie & knowe,
douted and worschiped and loued. Now hast +tou
herde +tes foure wordes, (\'pater noster, qui es in celis.'\)
+Te first teche+t +te to honoure God. +Te secounde
to loue God. +Te +tridde to drede God. For al be he
oure fadre, +git is he ri+gtwis and not moueable. +Te 
fer+te teche+t +te to be strong. For si+t he is hi+ge and
+tou low+ge, but +tou be dou+gty and stalwor+t +tou ne
schalt neuere come +tere he wone+t. +Te first word
schewe+t vs +te leng+te of his endelesnesse. +Te secounde
+te largenesse of his charite. +Te +tridde +te dep+te
of his so+tnesse. +Te fer+te +te hi+genesse of his maieste.
Who-so my+gt a-reche wel to +tes foure +tinges wi+t-oute
faile, he scholde be blessed. (^How a man
vnderstant^) (\'sanctificetur nomen tuum.'\)
   Now hast +tou herde +te prologe of +te holy pater 
noster, +tat is an entre of a fi+tele. A, God,
who-so knewe wel al +te song, how he schulde fynde
swete notes! For it is no doute +tat in +te song +tat +te
wisdom of God made, he +tat teche+t breddes synge,
<P 104>
ne ben fele sotile and swete notes. In body +ter is litle
lettre, and +tis song ha+t seuene notes, +tat ben +te
seuene biddynges +tat purchasen +te seuene +giftes of 
+te Holi Gost, +t=t= destroien +te seuene heuede wikkednesses
of herte and setten & noreschen +te seuene
vertues, bi whiche a man come+t to +te seuene blessednesses. 
Of +tes seuene askynges +te +tre first maken
a man holy as he may be in +tis world. +Te foure
afterward maken a man ri+gtful parfi+gtliche. Al +te
holinesse of a man or of a womman +tat is made to +te 
ymage of +te trinite is vpon +tre +tinges +tat ben in +te
soule: memorie, vnderstondyng, and wille. In 
+tat +tat a soule be parfi+gtliche y-clensed in wille.
Parfi+gtliche ali+gt in vnderstondyng. Parfi+gtliche 
confermed in God and wi+t God in memorie. And
+te more plentyuousliche +te soule vnderfonge+t +tes +tre
+tinges of God, +te more propreliche sche nei+ghe+t to 
his propre fairenesse of kynde, +tat is to +te liknesse
of +te fadre and of +te sone and of +te Holy Gost. +Tat
is whan God +te fadre conferme+t hym his memorie.
God +te sone conferme+t hym his vnderstondynge.
God +te Holi Gost clense+t hym his wille. +Tes
+tre +tinges we bidde+t in +te +tre first askynges of +te 
pater noster; whan we seyn, (\'Sanctificetur nomen

tuum,'\) we schewen to oure good fadre curteisliche
oure principal desir +tat we scholde euere-more haue.
+Tat is +tat his name be blessed and confermed in vs,
+tan whan we seyn (\'sanctificetur nomen tuum.'\) +Tat
is to seye, +tat is oure souereyn desire, and +tat bidde
we ouer alle +ting, +tat +tin holy name, +tat is +tin good
renomee, +ti knowleche, +ti fey, be confermed in vs.
In +tis first askyng we bidden +te first and +te principal
+gefte of +te Holy Gost, +tat is +te +gefte of wisdom, +tat
bynt and halt to-gidere +te herte in God, and ioyne+t
so to hym +tat it ne may not be vndo ne departed.
Wisdom is seid of kunnyng, +tat is sauer, +tat is to
sauoure wel; for whan a man receyue+t +te +gefte, he
<P 105>
taste+t & sauoure+t and fele+t +te swetnesse of +te goode
wyn, and better is in his tast +tan in his si+gt. But
+tat +tou vnderstonde betere what is to seye '+ti name
be halewed in vs,' +tou schalt vnderstonde +tat +tilke 
name 'holy' is as moche as cler and wi+t-out er+te
and y-halewed to +te seruice of God, as y-died in blod
and as y-confermede. +Tus +te spirit of wisdom
halewe+t +te herte in sixe maneres. First he clense+t
and make+t clene, as +te fier purge+t and fyne+t +te gold.
After, he do+t awey +te er+te, +tat is of al wordeliche
loue and of alle fleschely affection, and make+t al 
bicome fade, al +tat a man was woned to loue to-fore,
as +te water +tat is fade to hym +tat is woned to drynke
good wyn. After, he halewe+t hym al to +te seruise
of God, for he drawe+t hym awey from alle besynesse
and sette hym al to serue God & +tenke on hym and
loue hym and serue hym, ri+gt as a chirche is halewed
to +te seruise of God, where man schal non o+ter +ting
do but +te seruice of God. After he deie+t hym in
blod, for he sette hym in so brennyng a loue and so
swete deuocioun of Ihesu Crist +t=t= whan he +tenke+t
on hym and on his passion he is so deied and dronke
of +te precious blod +tat Ihesu Crist schedde for hym
as is a soppe of bred al hot whan a man put it in-to
wyn. +Tis is a newe cristenyng, for cristenynge and
deiynge is al on. After he conferme+t hym so in 
God +tat no+ting may parte hym ne vndo hym. Now
+tan sei+t +tis word '+ti name be halewed in vs,' +tat is
to seye '+gyue vs +te spirit of wisdom,' bi whom we
mowe be fyned as gold and y-made clene of alle
foulenesses, +turgh whom we mowe be so dronke of +ti
loue +tat alle o+tere loues ben bitter to vs, be whom
we ne ben not onliche y-wasche but y-deied in fyn
skarlet and y-made newe and cristened wi+t +te blod
of Ihesu Crist bi deuocioun of brennyng loue, wher-bi
<P 106>
oure fadre be so confermed in vs +tat he be oure fadre 
and we his sones and his eires, and so confermed
+tat no +ting +tat may falle mowe vndo +tis bonde ne
+tis grace. Gret grace is it of God whan +te wille 
of a man or a womman is so harde and roted fast in 

God +tat he ne may not wawe for no temptacion; and
wel gretter +ting is it whan a man is so affermed in 
+te loue and so dronke in +te swetnesse of God +tat no
solas ne counfort sauoure+t a man nou+gt but onliche 
of hym. And +tan is +te hert parfi+gtliche confermede
whan +te memorie is so y-woned to hym +tat he ne
may no +ting +tenke on but onliche on hym. And 
+tat bidde we hym whan we seyn ' (\sanctificetur nomen
tuum\) ; sire, +ti name be halewed in vs.' (^How a man
schal vnderstonde^) (\'Adueniat regnum tuum.'\)
   (\'Adueniat regnum tuum'\) is +te secunde askynge
of +te pater noster, where we bidden +tat +te 
kyngdom of God come to vs. Oure lord sei+t in +te 
gospel to his disciples, '+Te kyngdom of God is now
wi+t-ynne +gow.' Now vnderstonde wel how +tis 
may be: whan God +gyue+t a grace +tat men clepe+t +te
spirit of vnderstondynge in-to +te hertes, ri+gt as +te
sunne do+t awey +te derkenesses of +te ny+gt & waste+t
+te clowdes and +te morwe dewes, ri+gt so waste+t +te
spirit al +te derkenisses of +te herte and schewe+t hym
his synnes and his defautes, so +tat he +tat wend he
hadde be alle clene fynde+t +tan so fele defautes and
fil+tes & foule dust wi+t-oute noumbre, as +te sunnebem
schewe+t +te motes and +te dust to hem +tat be+t
in +te hous & biholde+t it. After he schewe+t also,
on +tat o+ter half, not onliche +tat [{+tat{] is wi+t-ynne
hym, but also +tat +tat is vnder hym in helle, and +tat
+tat is aboue hym in heuene, and +tat +tat is abowte
hym. Alle +te faire creatures +tat alle +tanken God, and
+tilke witnessen how God is good and my+gty, wis,
<P 107>
gret, debonere, and swete. And +te bri+gter +tat a
creature is, +te more [{he{] coueite+t to see hymself,
but he see+t wel +tat he is not wor+ty ne fyn to see hym.
& +tan a good herte wexe+t hot and is wro+t wi+t
hireself; +tan take+t he a pycoise and a scholue and
bigynne+t to delue and to myne, and entre+t for+t
wi+t-ynne +te hert & fynde+t +tere so many synnes and
wikkednesses and defautes, so moche dust and motes
and lettynges of herte, of +tenkynges and euele wille,
+tat he wra+t+te+t hym and sorwe+t & take+t euele talent
in his euele lyuyng, so +tat he bigynne+t +tan to clense
+te herte al an-ernest, and caste+t out alle +tes fil+tes
+tat bynomen God +te sy+gt in hym. And +tis do+t 
he wi+t +te scholue of verray schrift. But whan he ha+t
longe myned and y-cast out alle +tes foulnesses, +tan
fynde+t he pais and reste, solas and ioye, so moche
+tat hym +tenke+t +tat al +te world is but an helle, to
regarde of +tilke bri+gtnesse and +tilke pais +tat he fynt
in his herte. And +tis aske we whan we seyn (\'adueniat
regnum tuum,'\) +tis is to seye, 'faire fadre, +gif it be
+ti wille, li+gt oure hertes wi+t +te Holy Gost and clense
hyre and make hire fair'; +tat sche be wor+ti to see
God, and +tat he mowe lust to come and dwelle as
kyng, as lord, as gouernour, as comaundour, so

+tat al be his and +tat he be kyng and +tat we mowe
euere-more see hym. For +tat is to haue wi+t-ynne vs
+te lif wi+t-outen ende and +te kyngdom of God.
& +terfore sei+t oure lord in +te gospel +tat +te kyngdom
of God is as a tresour y-hid in +te feld, +tat is +te herte
of a man, +tat is more +tan al +te world. (^How a man
schal vnderstonde,^) (\'Fiat voluntas tua sicut in celo et in
terra.'\)
   +Tis is +te +tridde askynge, wher-ynne we bidde+t
oure fadre of heuene +tat his wille be fulfilled in
vs as it is in heuene, +tat is as yn holy aungeles +tat be+t
<P 108>
in heuene and +tat be+t so ali+gt and confermed in God
+tat +tei mowe no+ting wilne but +tat God wole. +Tis
boone mowe we not haue but we haue +te +gifte of
conseil, +tat is +te +tridde +gifte of +te Holy Gost, +tat
teche+t his good wille and +tat he turne oure wrecched
wille and conferme it al holliche in-to his good wille,
so +t=t= in vs ne be nou+gt oure owne wittes ne oure owne
willes, but his onliche, and +tat his wille be lady of
oure hertes al holliche and do in vs al +tat he wole,
ri+gt as he do+t and is ydo in +te holy aungeles of heuene,
+tat don euer-more his wille wi+t-oute mystakyng and
wi+t-out a+genseyinge. Now hast +tou herde +te +tre
first askynges of +te pater noster, +tat be+t +te hei+gest
and +te most wor+ty. In +te first we asken +te +gefte
of wisdom. In +te seconde +te +gefte of vnderstondyng.
In +te +tridde +te +gifte of counseil, as we haue y-schewed 
a-boue. +Tes +tre +tinges we bidde+t not
for to haue hem in +tis dedliche lif parfi+gtliche, but
we schewen to oure fadre oure desires +tat ben or
scholde ben +tat +tes +tre biddynges be do in vs and
fulfilled in +te lif wi+t-out ende. +Tes o+tere foure 
+tat comen her-after we bidde+t al an-o+ter manere
+ting, for we seyn al parfi+gtliche to oure fadre, '+Geue
vs, for+geue vs, kepe vs, delyuere vs.' For but 
we haue of hym +tes foure biddynges, we be+t dede
and schent in +tis world, for +tei be+t nedeful in +tis 
dedliche lif. (^How a man schal vnderstonde^) (\'Panem
nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie.'\)
   Wel teche+t vs oure good maister to speke mekeliche
and wisliche whan he teche+t vs, 'Fair fader,
oure euery daies bred +gyue vs to-day.' What may a 
sone lesse aske of +te fadre +tan bred, wi+t-oute more,
for to dryue for+t +te day? He ne aske+t non outrage,
no+ter wyn ne flesch ne fische, ne more ne bidde+t 
he not for +te +ger ne for al +te woke, but onliche to
dryue for+t +te day. Now seme+t +tan it is ri+gt litle
+ting +tat we bidde+t, but, forso+te, it is not so, for we
<P 109>
bidde+t many +tinges. Whan men bidde+t an abbot 
+te bred of his abbey, men bidde+t hym part of his 
bro+terhede and part and companye and ri+gt in alle
+te goodes of +te hous; ri+gt so is here whom +tat God
graunte+t of his bred: he ha+t bro+terehode and part and

companye and ri+gt in alle +te goodes of heuene, +tat is
+te bred of +te blessed couent, +te bred of heuene, +te
bred of angeles, +te delitable bred, +te bred of lif wi+t-out
endynge, for it +geue+t good lif and kepe+t a man from
de+t. As so+tnesse sei+t in +te gospel: 'I am +te
bred of lif +tat come doun fro heuene; who-so ete of
+tis bred, he schal lyue euere wi+t-out de+t.' +Tis
bred is mete a-ri+gt, for it staunge+t al +te hunger of
+tis world and fille+t a man so +tat he ha+t y-now; so
do+t non o+ter bred ne o+ter mete. +Tis is +te bred 
and +te mete +tat +tou takest at +te sacrament of +te 
auter, +tat +tou schalt ete hastliche & gloutliche, as
holy writ teche+t. As do+t +te lechour +te good
mete, for ow+ter-while he swolewe+t a good mossel
wi+t-out chewynge. +Tis is to seye +tat +tou schalt
take +tis mete wi+t grete brennynge [{of{] herte and wi+t
gret desire, and +tou schalt, as it were, swolewe it
wi+t-oute schewynge. +Tat is to vnderstande, bileue
al a-gret +tat +tat is +te verrey body of Ihesu Crist and
his soule and +te Godhed al to-gidere, wi+t-out any
sechyng or +tenkyng how +tat may be, for God may more
do +tan any man may +tenke or vnderstonde. After,
+tou schalt chewe +tis mete newe, as +te oxe rounge+t
+te gras +tat he ha+t swolewed, +t=t= is to seye +tat a man
or a womman schal record swetliche and in smale
peces be many smale +tou+gtes al +te godnesses of oure
lord and al +tat Ihesu Crist suffrid for vs, and +tan
fynt +te herte ri+gt sauour in +tis mete and renne+t in-to
a gret loue of God and in-to a gret desire to do
ynow and suffre for hym al +tat he my+gt. And al
<P 110>
+tat do+t +te vertue of +tis bred, for +tat is +te bred +tat
conforte+t and strenk+te+t +te herte +tat sche be wel 
strong to suffre and do grete +tinges for +te loue of
God. But +tis may not be wi+t-out +te fer+te +gefte
of +te Holy Gost, +tat is cleped +te +gefte of strenk+te,
+tat arme+t Godes kny+gt and make+t hym renne to 
martirdom and make+t hym li+ge in his turmentes.
Now maist +t=u= see how curteisliche, whan we asken
+tis bred, we asken +te +gifte of stryng+te, for as bodiliche
bred susteyne+t and strenk+te+t +te body, ri+gt so +te 
+gifte of strenk+te make+t +te herte hardy to suffre and
do grete +tinges for +te loue of God. +Tis bred we
clepen oure for it was made of oure dou+gh. Blessed
be +tilke good womman +tat leide for+t +te flour, +tat
was +te virgyne Marie. It is oure; for vs it was 
y-bake and fried - bake in +te wombe of +te maide
Marie and y-fried in +te panne of +te cros, as it is so+t,
+ge so+t, y-fried in his owne blod. For +tat diede he
in +te grete brennyng loue +tat he hadde to vs. +Tis is
+te bisquit wher-wi+t he vitaile+t his schip, +tat is holi 
chirche, for to passe wi+t +te grete see, out of +tis 
perilous world. He is oures, for at his leue-takynge
at his last testament he lefte vs Ihesu Crist +te al-+ter
largest, as for +te grettest, tresour +tat he my+gt lete vs,

and +gyue vs hym for +te fairest juel +tat he my+gt +gyue 
vs and +tat we scholde kepe for +te loue of hym and 
+tat we mowe euery daye haue in remembraunce for
loue of hym. So+tely he is oures, for +ter may no
whi+gt bynyme hym vs a+gens oure wille. We clepe+t
hym oure echedaies bred, +tat is of euery day, for +tat
is +te eueridayes +gifte +tat God +gyue+t to his chanounes
euery day +tat don his seruice and syngen his oures,
+tat is to alle goode hertes +tat euery day swetliche
and be verray loue maken memorie and remembraunce
of his passioun. +Te gret prouendres we schulle
take whan oure heruest come+t in heuene, whan we
seen hym al openliche in his fairenesse as he is.
<P 111>
+Terfor he is cleped cotidian, +tat is eueriday, for 
eueriday scholde a man and womman take hym in 
+te sacrament of +te auter, as do+t +te preste, or elles
gostly bi ri+gt bileue. +Tis bred is ri+gt precious, ri+gt
noble, and ri+gt wel adi+gt. +Tis is rial mete, wher-yn 
ben alle manere delices and alle goode sauours, as
sei+t +te boke of Wisdom. +Tis is no mete to +gyue
knaues and pitaile ne to houndes ne to cherles, but to 
noble hertes and gentile and curteis and clene, +tat is
to +te herte +tat is gentel bi grace, noble by good lif,
clene and wel y-wasche bi verray schrifte. Of his
vertue speke+t seynt Mathew +te wangelist and clepe+t
it siker bred substanciale, +tat is to saye it ouer-go+t
alle substaunces and alle creatures from fer in vertue 
and in dignite and in alle manere wor+tynesses. +Ter
may no man betere discryue it ne more sufficiauntly
but clepe it siker bred substancial. A man sei+t +tat 
mete is substancial whan +ter is ynne grete norischynge
and grete substaunce. And +te more +tat men seyn
+tat it is substancial, for in +tat is more vertue and good
and norture +tan any man may +tenke or seye. Men
seyn not onliche +tat it is substancial, but +tat it is 
siker and substancial. +Tis is vertuous and substancial
ouer alle +tenkenges and wenynges. +Tis 
bred bidde we and asken of oure fadre and bisechen 
hym he +geue it to vs +tis day, +tat is in +tis dedliche lif,
so +tat we mowe make a good iorneye and a-bide +te
gladloker oure mede, +tat is +te peny +tat he +gyue+t to
his werke-men whan +tey comen at euen, +tat is +te 
ende of here lif. (^How a man schal vnderstonde^)
(\'Dimitte nobis debita nostra sicut et nos dimittimus
debitoribus nostris.'\)
   In +tis askynge we bidde+t oure fadre of heuene +t=t= 
he wole for+geue vs oure mysdedes, as we for+geue+t
hem +tat han mysdo to vs, +tan seye we +tus: 'Faire
fader, quyte vs oure dettes, as we acquyten oure
<P 112>
dettoures.' Oure dettes ben oure synnes +tat we 
han lete wexe in oure soules; +tat is +te best wed of al
+te hous, wher-by a synful man or womman, for on 
dedly synne +tat so soone is do as to +te likynge and to

+te dede, is y-bounde in so gret vsure +tat ha+t non
ende, +tat is +te peyne of helle +tat is wi+t-outen ende.
And after, he schal to God, +tat he ha+t wra+t+ted, so
gret amendes +t=t= he ha+t no power to paie it, for in al 
+tis lif, +tey+g he my+gt lyue an hundred wynter or more,
he ne my+gt not do sufficiauntly penaunce for on dedly
synne, +gif God wolde vse ri+gtful iugement. And
+terfore vs bihoue+t to renne to +te court of mercy,
and crie mercye and aske for+geuenesse, for as bi ri+gt
of +te court of ri+gtwisnesse +te synful man or womman
scholde be dampned to de+t wi+t-out ende. And
+terfore oure good maister Ihesu Crist teche+t vs +tus
to aske for+geuenesse and acquitaunce whan we bidden
oure good fadre, +tat is swete and deboner to for+geue,
large and curteis for to +geue, +tat he for+geue vs oure
mysdedes. But take good hede how +tou biddest
whan +tou seist 'for+geue vs oure mysdedes, as we
for+geuen hem +tat han mysdo to vs,' for +gif we for+geue
not to hem +tat han mysdo to vs, God ne wole not 
for+geue vs oure mysdedes, as he sei+t hymself in +te 
gospel: +Tat he +tat sei+t his pater noster and kepe+t
in his herte angre and felonie or wra+t+te, he bit more
a+gens hym +tan wi+t hym, for he bidde+t to God +tat
he for+geue hym not, for he sei+t, 'for+geue me as I
for+geue'; and +terfore, as ofte as +tou seist +ti pater
noster to-for God +tat see+t wel +tin herte, +tou schal 
for+geue +ti maletalent and cast out of +tin herte alle
ire and hates and angrees. & elles +ti biddyng is
a+gens +tiself more +tan for +te. +Gif it +tenke +te euele
and hard to for+gyue +ti maletalent to hym +tat hate+t
+te or +tat wille+t +te euele or +tat ha+t y-do +te harme
or mysseid +te, +tenke +tat God for+geue his de+t to hem
<P 113>
+tat crucifiden hym, for to +geue +te ensaumple to 
for+geue to hym +tat ha+t mysdo +te, and more +git to
bidde for hem +tat God for+geue hem, and +git more 
to do hem good +gif +tei han myster of +te, for he sei+t
in +te gospel, it is no grete +ting ne gret desert a+gens
God to do good to hem +tat do+t vs good, ne to louen 
hem +tat louen vs, for +tat don Iewes and sarezenes
and o+tere synful folk. But we +tat ben Goddes sones
bi bileue and bi grace & ben cristene and nempned
of Ihesu Crist and ben heires of +te heritage wi+t hym
of paradis, we schul for+geue eueriche to o+ter and
loue oure enemys, +tat is to seye here persones, and
bidde for hem and do hem good +gif +tei han nede and
we mowe do it, for so bit +te gospel, and na+teles we
schul hate onliche +te synnes and loue +te soules, +tat
be+t made to +te ymage of oure lord, and ri+gt as +tat 
on membre of +te body helpe+t +tat o+tere - +gif +tat on 
herte+t +tat o+tere be an happe, +tat o+ter ne venge+t
hym not +terfore. We ben alle on body in Ihesu
Crist, as +te apostle sei+t, and +terfore we schulde loue
euery o+tere. And who-so do+t o+terwise, he is mansleer
& dampne+t hymself, as holy writ sei+t. Suche

kunne not seye here pater noster, for it were better
+tei helde hem stille, for he take+t his juge a+gens hymself.
In +tis biddynge +tat we bisechen to God, 
we bidde+t hym a +gifte of +te Holy Gost +tat is cleped
+te +gefte of kunnynge, +tat is science, +tat make+t a
man or a womman to be-+tenke hym wel and to be
kunnyng. +Tis spirit schewe+t a man and womman 
what he is and what perel he is ynne, and wheynnes
he com and whidere he go+t, and what he ha+t y-do
& what he ha+t mysdo, and how wel he ha+t beleued
and what he schal; and whan he see+t he ha+t not
wher-of to make good, and +tan make+t hym +tis
spirit to wepe & seche and crie mercye to God, and
seie, 'Sire, for+geue me my dettes, +tat is my synnes, 
for I am mochel entedted a+gens +te, and for +te
<P 114>
wikkednesse +tat I haue do and +te good +tat I haue
leted and for+gete to do +tat I my+gt and schulde haue
do, and for +te good +tat +tou hast do me and +ti grete
goodnesses +tat I haue alwey receyued, whiche I haue
euele deserued; and +terfore, sire, I ne haue not wherof
to make paiement; for+geue me +tat I schal.' Whan 
+tis spirit ha+t so ali+gt hym +tat he knowleche+t his
defautes, +tan make+t it hym caste out of his herte 
alle wra+t+te and angre, and for+geue al his maletaulent
+gif he haue any, and +gif he ha+t non, he is in good wille
to for+geue and any man mysdo hym in tyme comynge;
+tan may he wel seye, 'Faire fadre, for+geue vs oure
mysdedes, as we do+t to hem +tat han mysdo to vs.'
(^How a man schal vnderstonde^) (\'Et ne nos inducas
in temptacionem.'\)
   Who-so is y-scalded wi+t hote watre, he dowte+t
+te more hot watre; and he +tat is on tyme falle
in synne, and his synne be for+geue hym, he bicome+t
+te more humble and meke and +te more dredeful,
and more he is a-ferd of temptacion. +Terfore he +tat 
God ha+t for+geue his synnes, he bidde+t +tat he kepe
+tat he falle not a+geyn, and sei+t +tus: (\'Et ne nos
inducas in temptacionem.'\) +Tat is to seye, 'Faire
swete fadre, lede vs not in-to temptacioun.' +Te
deuel is +te temptour, for +tat is his crafte +tat he serue+t
in +te hous of God for to assaie wi+t +te newe kny+gttes;
and +gif +tat temptacioun ne were good and profitable,
+te goode God, +tat al make+t for oure profi+gt, ne wolde
not suffre +tat it schold come. But, as seynt Bernard
sei+t, whan +tis temptour smy+gt vs vp +te rigge wi+t his 
hamer, he forge+t vs crounes of ioye, as he do+t +tat 
smyt and lei+t on +te rigge of a good kny+gt, and forge+t
hym loos and pris and his ioye. +Te deuel tempte+t a
man to drawe hym from +te loue; +terfore seynt Poule
bit to his disciples +tat +tei ben founded as a tour and
y-roted as a tree in charite, so +tat no temptacioun
mowe meue hym ne wagge hym. +Terfore in +tis
<P 115>
we bidden oure help of God to +tis bataile +te +gifte of 

pite, +tat is a grace +tat bedewe+t +te herte and make+t
hire swete and pitous and make+t hire wexe al grene 
and bere fruy+gt ynow of goode werkes, wi+t-oute
and wi+t-ynne, and fastne+t his rotes in +te er+te of 
lyueres, +tat is of hem +tat bere+t lif, +tat is also y-cleped 
+te goode syment +tat men make+t wi+t +te walles sarizyneis,
+tat no man may breke wi+t pike ne wi+t howe.
Whan we seyn, +tan, (\'et ne nos inducas in temptacionem,'\)
+tat is to seye, 'my swete fadre, make oure
hertes hardy and stedefast +tat +tei ne meue nou+gt
for no temptacioun +tat may come to hem +turgh
helpe & grace of +te +gifte of +te spirit of pitee.' We
bidde+t not +tat we ne be+t not y-tempted, for +tat
were a foles bidding and schamful, ri+gt as a goode
mannes sone +tat were newe made kny+gt wolde bidde
his fadre and seide, 'Fair fadre, I beseche +te +tat +tou
kepe me +tat I ne go neuere more to turnement ne to 
poyntes of werre.' We scholde welne to be tempted,
for it is oure profi+gt in many maneres, for we ben +te
more meke and more dredful and +te more asaied;
for as Salamon sei+t, 'Who-so ha+t not be tempted,
he may no +ting wite ari+gt,' but as men wite+t of +te
bataile of Troie bi heryng telle, for he may not knowe
hymself ne his siknesse ne his stryng+te of his enemys
ne here slei+gtes, ne how trwe God is at nede to helpe
his frend, ne from how many pereles he ha+t ofte
y-kept hym; and for alle +tis resones he ne schal
neuere wel kunne loue God ne +tanke God of his
goodes. But we bidden hym +tat he kepe oure hertes
+tat +tey ne entre not in-to temptacioun, +tat is +tat +tei
consent not, for as a+gens oureself we ben so pore and
so feble +tat we ne my+gt neuere an houre of a day
suffre +te assaut of +te deuel wi+t-out help of oure 
lord, & whan he faile+t vs we fallen yn a-swi+te, & 
whan he helpe+t vs we wi+tstonde+t and fi+gtte+t &
ouercomen; and +terfore seye we, 'faire fadre, lede not
<P 116>
vs in-to temptacioun.' (^How a man schal vnderstonde^)
(\'Set libera nos a malo, amen.'\)
   Seynt Austeyn sei+t +tat alle o+tere vices, o+ter +tei 
maken vs to do euele, o+ter +tei letten vs to do wel;
but al +tat euere a man ha+t ydo and alle +te +giftes
+tat a man ha+t y-purchased, pride is a-boute and 
hope+t to destroie and byneme. And +terfore whan 
God ha+t +geue a man +tat he ha+t praied hym in +te
seuene askynges tofore seid, +tan is it first tyme to
praie hym a-nernest +tat he delyuere hym of yuele
and of his anguissches; and +terfore come+t +tis askynge
as +te rere-warde, +tat sei+t +tus: (\'Set libera nos a malo,
amen,'\) +tat is to seie, 'faire fadre, delyuere vs of euele,'
+tat is to seye of +te deuel and of his slei+gtes, '+tat we
lese not bi pride +te +giftes +tat +tou hast +geue vs.' In
+tis askynge we bisechen hym he +geue vs +te +gefte of
holy drede, bi whom we mowe be delyuered of +te
schrewe and of alle o+tere euel, +tat is of alle synnes

and of periles, in +tis world and in +tat o+tere, amen.
'And so be it as we haue seid,' +tat is +tis word
'amen' to seye. Now hast +tou herd +te notes +tat
men were woned to noten vpon +tis clene song +tat 
God made, +tat is +te pater noster; now loke +tat +tou
kunne wel synge it in +tin herte for grete good +tat +tou
my+gt haue +terby. 



<B CMKEMPE>
<Q M4 IR RELT KEMPE>
<N MKEMPE>
<A KEMPE MARGERY>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^KEMPE, MARGERY.
THE BOOK OF MARGERY KEMPE, VOL. I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 212.
ED. S. B. MEECH AND H. E. ALLEN.
LONDON, 1940. 
PP. 47.15 - 60.17   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 221.1 - 233.12  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,47>
[} (\CAPITULUM 20\) }]

   On a day as +tis creatur was heryng hir Messe, a +gong 
man and a good prest heldyng up +te Sacrament in hys
handys ouyr hys hed, +te Sacrament schok & flekeryd to
& fro as a dowe flekeryth wyth hir wengys. &, whan
he held up +te chalys wyth +te precyows Sacrament,
+te chalys mevyd to & fro as it xuld a fallyn owt of
hys handys. Whan +te Sacre was don, +tis creatur had
gret merueyle of +te steryng & mevyng of +te blyssed
Sacrament, desyring to se mor Sacreys & lokyng yf it
wold don so a-+gen. +Tan seyd owyr Lord Ihesu Crist to
+te creatur, "+Tow xalt no mor sen it in +tis maner,
+terfor thank God +tat +tow hast seyn. My dowtyr,
Bryde, say me neuyr in +tis wyse." +Tan seyd +tis creatur
in hir thowt, "Lord, what betokenyth +tis?" "It betokenyth
veniawnce." "A, good Lord, what veniawnce?"
+Tan seyd owyr Lord a-+gen to hir, "+Ter xal be an erdene,
tel it whom +tow wylt in +te name of Ihesu. For I telle
+te forso+te rygth as I spak to Seynt Bryde ryte so I
speke to +te, dowtyr, & I telle +te trewly it is trewe euery
word +tat is wretyn in Brides boke, & be +te it xal be
knowyn for very trewth. And +tow xalt faryn wel,
<P I,48>
dowtyr, in spyte of alle thyn enmys; +te mor envye thei
han to +te for my [{gr{]ace, +te bettyr xal I lofe +te. I wer
not rygthful God but [{I louy{]d +te, for I knowe +te
bettyr +tan +tow dost +ti-self, what- [{+tat-euyr men{]
seyn of +te. +Tow seyst I haue gret paciens in +te syn
of +te pepyl, and +tow seyst soth, but, yf +tow sey
+te synne of +te pepyl as I do, +tow xuldyst haue mech
more mervayle in my pacyens & mech mor sorwe in +te
synne of +te pepyl +tan +tow hast." +Tan +te creatur
seyd, "Alas, derworthy Lord, what xal I do for +te
pepyl?" Owyr Lord answeryd, "It is j-now to +te to
don as +tow dost." +Tan sche preyed, "Mercyful Lord
Crist Ihesu, in +te is al mercy & grace & goodnes. Haue
mercy, pyte, & compassyon of hem. Schew +ti mercy
& thy goodnes vp-on hem, help hem, send hem very
contricyon, & late hem neuyr deyn in her synne." Owyr
mercyful Lord seyde, "I may no mor, dowtyr, of my
rytfulnesse do for hem +tan I do. I send hem prechyng
& techyng, pestylens & bataylys, hungyr and famynyng,
losse of her goodys wyth gret sekenesse, & many o+ter
tribulacyons, & +tei wyl not leuyn my wordys ne +tei
wyl not knowe my vysitacyon. & +terfor I xal sey to
hem +tat I made my seruawntys to prey for +gow, &
+ge despysed her werkys & her leuyng."

[} (\CAPITULUM 21\) }]

   In +te tyme +tat +tis creatur had reuelacyons, owyr 
Lord seyd to hir, "Dowtyr, +tow art wyth childe." Sche
seyd a-+gen, "A, Lord, how xal I +tan do for kepyng of
my chylde?" Owir Lord seyd, "Dowtyr, drede +te not,
I xal ordeyn for an kepar." "Lord, I am not worthy to
heryn +te spekyn & +tus to comown wyth myn husbond.
Ner-+te-lesse it is to me gret peyn & gret dysese." "+Terfor
is it no synne to +te, dowtyr, for it is to +te ra+tar mede
& meryte, & +tow xalt haue neuyr +te lesse grace, for I
wyl +tat +tow bryng me forth mor frwte." +Tan seyd +te
creatur, "Lord Ihesu, +tis maner of leuyng longyth to
<P I,49>
thy holy maydens." "+Ga, dowtyr, trow +tow rygth wel
+tat I lofe wyfes also, and specyal +to wyfys whech woldyn
levyn chast, +gyf +tei mygtyn haue her wyl, & don her
besynes to plesyn me as +tow dost, for, +tow +te state of
maydenhode be mor parfyte & mor holy +tan +te state
of wedewhode, & +te state of wedewhode mor parfyte +tan
+te state [{of{] wedlake, +get dowtyr I lofe +te as wel as
any mayden in +te world. +Ter may no man let me to
lofe whom I wele & as mech as I wyl, for lofe, dowtyr,
qwenchith al synne. & +terfor aske of me +te +gyftys
of lofe. +Ter is no +gyft so holy as is +te +gyft of lofe, ne   #
no
+ting to be so mech desyred as lofe, for lofe may purchasyn
what it can desyren. & +terfor, dowtyr, +tow mayst no
bettyr plesyn God +tan contynuly to thinkyn on hys
lofe." Than +tis creatur askyd owyr Lord Ihesu how
sche xuld best louyn hym. And owyr Lord seyd,
"Haue mende of +ti wykydnesse & thynk on my goodnes."
Sche seyd a-geyn, "I am +te most vnwor+ti creatur +tat
euyr +tow schewedyst grace vn-to in erth." "A, dowtyr,"
seyd owyr Lord, "fere +te nowt, I take non hede what a
man hath ben, but take hede what he wyl ben. Dowtyr,
+tow hast despysed +ti-self, +terfor +tow xalt neuyr
be despysed of God. Haue mend, dowtyr, what Mary
Mawdelen was, Mary Eypcyan, Seynt Powyl, & many
o+ter seyntys +tat arn now in Hevyn, for of vnworthy I
make worthy, & of synful I make rytful. & so haue I
mad +te worthy to me, onys louyd & euyrmor lovyd
wyth me. +Ter is no seynt in Heuyn +tat +tow wylt speke
wyth but he xal com to +te. Whom +tat God louyth
+tei louyn. Whan +tu plesyst God, +tow plesyst hys
Modyr & al +te seyntys in Heuyn. Dowtyr, I take
wytnesse of my Modyr, of alle +te awngelys in Heuyn,
& of alle +te seyntys in Hevyn +tat I loue +te wyth all
myn hert & I may not forberyn +ti lofe." Owyr
Lord seyd +tan to hys blysful Modyr, "Blyssed Modyr,
<P I,50>
telle +ge my dowtyr of +te gretnesse of loue I haue vn-to
hir." Than +tis creatur lay stylle al in wepyng & sobbyng
as hir hert xuld a brostyn for +te swetnesse of spech +tat
owyr Lord spak on-to hir sowle. A-swythe aftyr +te
Qwen of Mercy, Goddys Modyr, dalyed to +te sowle of
+tis creatur, seying, "My derworthy dowtyr, I bryng +te
sekyr tydyngys, wytnessyng my swet Sone Ihesu wyth
alle awngelys & alle seyntys in Heuyn whech louyn +te
ful hily. Dowtyr, I am thy modyr, +ti lady, and thy
maystres for to teche +te in al wyse how +tu schalt
plese God best." Sche tawt +tis creatur & informyd hir
so wondyrfully +tat sche was abaschyd to speke it or
telle it to any, +te maters wer so hy & so holy, saf only to
+te ankyr whech was hir princypal confessowr, for he
cowde most skyl in swech thyngys. & he chargyd
+tis [{creatur{] be vertu of obedyens to tellyn hym             #
what-+tat-euyr
sche felt, & so sche dede.

[} (\CAPITULUM 22\) }]

   As +tis creatur lay in contemplacyon, sor wepyng in
hir spiryt, sche seyde to owyr Lord Ihesu Cryst, "A,
Lord, maydenys dawnsyn now meryly in Heuyn. Xal
not I don so? For be-cawse I am no mayden, lak of
maydenhed is to me now gret sorwe; me thynkyth I
wolde I had ben slayn whan I was takyn fro +te funtston
+tat I xuld neuyr a dysplesyd +te, & +tan xuldyst
+tu, blyssed Lorde, an had my maydenhed wyth-owtyn
ende. A, der God, I haue not lovyd +te alle +te days
of my lyue, & +tat sor rewyth me; I haue ronnyn a-wey
fro +te, & +tou hast ronnyn aftyr me; I wold fallyn in
dyspeyr, & +tu woldyst not suffer me." "A, dowtyr,
how oftyn-tymes haue I teld +te +tat thy synnes arn
for+goue +te & +tat we ben onyd to-gedyr wyth-owtyn
ende? +Tu art to me a synguler lofe, dowtyr, & +terfor
I behote +te +tu schalt haue a synguler grace in Hevyn, 
<P I,51>
dowtyr, & I be-hest +te +tat I shal [\THE WORDS +tat I shal     #
WRITTEN IN THE OUTER MARGIN\] come to +tin ende
at +ti deyng wyth my blyssed Modyr & myn holy awngelys
& twelve apostelys, Seynt Kateryne, Seynt Margarete,
Seynt Mary Mawdelyn, & many o+ter seyntys +tat ben
in Hevyn, whech +gevyn gret worshep to me for +te
grace +tat I +geue to +te, God, +ti Lord Ihesu. +Tow +tart
drede no grevows peynes in +ti deyng, for +tu xalt haue
thy desyre, +tat is to haue mor mynde of my Passyon
+tan on +tin owyn peyne. +Tu xalt not dredyn +te Devyl
of Helle for he hath no powyr in +te. He dredyth +te
mor +tan thow dost hym. He is wroth wyth +te, for +tu
turmentyst hym for mor wyth +ti wepyng +tan doth al +te
fyer in helle; +tu wynnyst many sowlys fro hym wyth
+ti wepyng. & I haue be-hygth +te +tat +tu xuldyst noon
o+ter Purgatory han +tan slawndyr & speche of +te world,
for I haue chastysed +te my-self as I wolde be many gret
dredys & turmentrijs +tat +tu hast had wyth euyl spyritys
bo+tin slepyng & wakyng many +gerys. & +terfor I
schal preseruyn +te at +tin ende thorw my mercy +tat +tei
schal no powyr haue ouyr +te ney+tyr in body ne in sowle;
it is gret grace & myracle +tat +tu hast thy bodyly wyttys
for +te vexacyon +tat +tu hast had wyth hem a-for-tyme.
I haue also, dowtyr, chastised +te wyth +te drede of my
Godhede, & many tymes haue I feryd +te wyth gret
tempestys of wyndys +tat +tu wendyst veniawns xuld a
fallyn on +te for synne. I haue preuyd +te be many
tribulacyons, many gret heuynes, & many grevows
sekenes in so mech +tat +tu hast ben a-noy[{n{]ted for
deed, & al thorw my grace hast +tu skapyd. +Terfor
drede +te nowt, dowtyr, for wyth myn owyn handys,
whech wer nayled to +te Crosse, I xal take +ti sowle fro
+ti bodd wyth gret myrthe & melodye, wyth swet smellys
& good odowrys, & offyr it to my Fadyr in Heuyn, +ter
<P I,52>
+tu xalt se hym face to face, wonyng wyth hym wythowtyn
ende. Dowtyr, +tu xalt be ryte wolcome to
my Fadyr & to my Modyr & to alle my seyntys in Hevyn,
for +tu hast +gouyn hem drynkyn ful many tymes wyth
teerys of thyn eyne. Alle myn holy seyntys xal enioyen
of +ti comyng hom. +Tu xalt be fulfyllyd of al maner 
lofe +tat +tu coueytyst. +Tan xalt +tu blysse +te tyme +tat
+tu wer wrowte & +te body +tat +te hath bowte. He xal
joyen in +te & +tu in hym wyth-owtyn ende. Dowtyr,
I be-hote +te +te same grace +tat I be-hyte Seynt Kateryne,
Seynt Margarete, Seynt Barbara, & Seynt Powle, in so
mech +tat what creatur in erth vn-to +te Day of Dom aske
+te any bone & beleuyth +tat God louyth +te he xal haue
hys bone er ellys a bettyr thyng. +Terfor +tei +tat
beleuyn +tat God louyth +te +tei xal ben blyssed wythowtyn
ende. The sowlys in Purgatory xal joyn in +ti
comyng hom, for +tei knowyn wel +tat God louyth +te
specyaly. & men in erth schal joyn in God for +te,
for he xal werkyn meche grace for +te and makyn al +te
world to knowyn +tat God louyth +te. +Tu hast be
despysed for my lofe, & +terfor +tu xalt be worshepyd for
my lofe. Dowtyr, whan +tu art in Heuyn, +tu xalt
mown askyn what +tu wylt, & I xal grawnte +te al +ti
desyr. I haue telde +te be-for-tyme +tat +tu art a synguler
louer, & +terfor +tu xalt haue a synguler loue in Heuyn, a
synguler reward, & a synguler worshep. &, for-as-mech
as +tu art a mayden in +ti sowle, I xal take +te be +te on
hand in Hevyn & my Modyr be +te o+ter hand, & so xalt
+tu dawnsyn in Hevyn wyth o+ter holy maydens &
virgynes, for I may clepyn +te dere a-bowte & myn owyn
derworthy derlyng. I xal sey to +te, myn owyn blyssed
<P I,53>
spowse, 'Welcome to me wyth al maner of joye & gladnes, 
her to dwellyn wyth me & neuyr to departyn fro
me wyth-owtyn ende, but euyr to dwellyn wyth me in
joy & blysse, whech non eye may se, ne eer heryn, ne
tunge telle, ne non hert thynkyn, +tat I haue ordeynd for
+te & for alle my seruawntys +te whech desyryn to lofe
me & plesyn me as +tu dost.' "

[} (\CAPITULUM 23\) }]

   Ther cam onys a vykary to +tis creatur, preyng hir to
prey for hym & wetyn whedyr he xuld mor plese God
to leuyn hys cure & hys benefyce or to kepe it stylle, for
hym thowt he profyted not a-mong hys parysshonys.
+Te creatur beyng in hir preyers hauyng mende of +tis
mater, Crist seyde vn-to hir spyrite, "Bydde +te
vykary kepyn stylle hys cure & hys benefyce & don hys
diligence in prechyng & techyng of hem hys owyn
persone and sumtyme procuryn o+ter to teche hem my
lawys & my comawndmentys so +tat +ter be no defawte
in hys parte, &, +gyf +tei do neuyr +te bettyr, hys mede
xal neuyr be +te lesse." & so sche dede hir massage as
sche was comawndyd, & +te vykary kept stylle hys cur.
   As +tis creatur was in a cherch of Seynt Margarete in
+te qwer wher a cors was present, & he +tat was husbond
of +te same cors whyl sche leuyd was +ter in good hele for
to offeryn hir Messe-peny aftyr +te custom of +te place,
owyr Lord seyd to +te forseyd creatur, "Lo, dowtyr,
+te sowle of +tis cors is in Purgatory, & he +tat was hir
husbond is now in good hele, & +get he xal ben ded in
schort tyme." & so it be-fel as sche felt be reuelacyon.
Also, as +tis creatur lay in +te qwer in hir preyers, a prest
cam to hir & preyde hir to prey for a woman whech lay
in poynt of deth. As +tis creatur gan to prey for hir,
owyr Lord seyd to hir, "Dowtyr, it is gret nede to prey
for hir, for sche hath ben a wykkyd woman & sche xal
be ded." & sche seyd a-+gen, "Lord, as +tu louyst me,
<P I,54>
saue hir sowle fro dampnacyon," & +tan sche wept
wyth plentyuows teerys for +tat sowle. & owyr Lord
grawntyd hir mercy for +te sowle, comawndyng hir to
prey for hir. Thys creaturys gostly fadyr cam to hir,
mevyng hir to prey for a woman whech lay in poynt
of deth to mannys sygthe. & a-non owyr Lord seyd
sche xuld levyn & faryn wel, & so sche dede. A good
man whech was a gret frend to +tis creatur & an helply
to +te powyr pepyl was strongly seke many wekys to-gedyr.
& mech mone was mad for hym, for men wend
he xuld neuyr a leuyd, hys peyn was so wondyrful in
alle hys joyntys & in al hys body. Owyr Lord Ihesu
seyd to hir spirite, "Dowtyr, be not abaschyd for +tis
man, he schal levyn & faryn rygth wel." & so he leuyd
many +gerys aftyr in good helth & prosperite. An-o+ter
good man whech was a lyster lay seke also, &, whan
+tis creature preyd for hym, it was answeryd to hir mende
+tat he xulde languryn a whyle & sythen he xuld ben ded
wyth +tat same sekenesse. & so he was in schort tyme
aftyr. Also a worshepful woman &, as men leuyd, an
holy woman whech was a specyal frende to +tis creatur was
ryte seke, & mech pepyl wend sche xuld a be ded. +Tan,
+tis creatur preyng for hyr, owyr Lord seyd, "Sche xal
not deyn +tis x +ger, for +ge schal aftyr +tis makyn ful
mery to-gedyr & han ful good comunycacyon as +ge han
had be-for." & so it was in trewth: +tis holy woman
leuyd many +gerys aftyr. Many mo swech reuelacyons
+tis creatur had in felyng; hem alle for to wryten it xuld
be lettyng perauentur of mor profyte. +Tes be wretyn
for to schewyn +te homlynes & +te goodlynes of owyr
mercyful Lord Crist Ihesu & for no commendacyon of
+te creatur. +Tes felyngys & swech o+ter many mo
+tan be wretyn, bo+te of leuyng & of deyng, of summe to
be sauyd, of summe to be dammyd, weryn to +tis creatur
gret peyn & ponyschyng. Sche had leuar a sufferyd any
bodyly penawns +tan +tes felyngys & sche mygth a put
hem a-wey for +te dred +tat sche had of illusyons &
deceytys of hir gostly enmys. Sche had sumtyme so
<P I,55>
gret trubbyl wyth swech felyngys whan it fel not trewe
to hir vndyrstandyng, +tat hir confessowr feryd +tat sche
xuld a fallyn in dyspeyr +terwyth. And +tan aftyr hir
turbele & hir gret fere it xuld ben schewyd vn-to hir
sowle how +te felyngys xuld ben vndyrstondyn.

[} (\CAPITULUM 24\) }]

   The prest whech wrot +tis boke for to preuyn +tis
creaturys felyngys many tymes & dyuers tymes he askyd
hir qwestyons & demawndys of thyngys +tat wer for
to komyn, vn-sekyr & vncerteyn as +tat tyme to any
creatur what xuld be +te ende, preyng hir, +tei sche
wer loth & not wylly to do swech thyngys, for to
prey to God +terfor & wetyn, whan owyr Lord wold
visiten hir wyth deuocyon, what xuld be +te ende, and
trewly wyth-owtyn any feynyng tellyn hym how sche
felt, & ellys wold he not gladlych a wretyn +te boke. And
so +tis creatur, sumdel for drede +tat he wold ellys not
[\THE WORD not WRITTEN ABOVE ellys\] 
a folwyd hir entent for to wryten +tis boke, compellyd,
dede as he preyd hir & telde hym hir felyngys what xuld
be-fallyn in swech materys as he askyd hir +gyf hir felyngys
wer trewth. & +tus he preuyd hem for very trewth. &
+get he wold not alwey +geuyn credens to hir wordys, & +tat
hyndryd hym in +tis maner +tat folwyth. It be-fel on a
tyme +tat +ter cam a +gong man to +tis prest, whech +gong
man +te preste neuyr sey be-forn, compleynyng to +te
preste of pouerte & disese whech he was fallyn in be
infortunyte, expleyntyng +te cawse of infortunyte,
seying also he [{had{] takyn holy orderys for to be a
preste. For a lytil hastynes, hym-self defendyng as he
myght not chesyn les +tan he wold a be ded thorw pursute
of hys enmys, he smet a man or ellys tweyn, wher-thorw,
as he seyde, wer ded or ellys lyche for to be ded. & so he
was fallyn in-to irregularite & mygth not executyn hys
<P I,56>
orderys wyth-owtyn dispensacyon of +te Cowrt of Rome, &
for +tis cawse he fled fro hys frendys & durst not comyn in
hys contre for drede to be takyn for her deth. +Te
forseyd preste, +geuyng credens to +te +gong mannys
wordys, in-as-mech as he was an amyabyl persone,
fayr feturyd, wel faueryd in cher & in cuntenawns, sad
in hys langage and dalyawns, prestly in hys gestur &
vestur, hauyng compassyon of hys disese, purposyng to
getyn hym frendys in-to hys relevyng & comfort, went to
a worshepful burgeys in Lenn, a meyrs pere & a mercyful
man, whech lay in gret seknes & long tyme had don,
compleynyng to hym & to hys wyfe, a ful good woman,
of +te myschef of +tis +gong man, trustyng to haue fayr
almes as he oftyn-tyme had for o+ter +tat he askyd for.
It happyd +te creatur of whom +tis boke is wretyn to
ben +ter present & herd how +te preste compleyned for +te
+gong man & how +te preste preysed hym. & sche was
sor mevyd in hir spiryt a-geyns +tat +gong man, & seyd +tei
haddyn many powyr neybowrys whech +tei knewyn wel
a-now hadyn gret nede to ben holpyn & relevyd, & it was
mor almes to helpyn hem +tat +tei knewyn wel for wel
dysposyd folke & her owyn neybowrys +tan o+ter strawngerys
whech +tei knew not, for many spekyn & schewyn
ful fayr owtward to +te sygth of +te pepyl, God knowyth
what +tei arn in her sowlys. The good man & hys wyfe
thowtyn +tat sche seyd rygth wel, & +terfor +tei woldyn
grawntyn hym non almes. At +tat tyme +te preste was
euyl plesyd wyth +tis creatur, &, whan he mett wyth hir
a-lone, he rehersyd how sche had lettyd hym +tat he
mygth non almes getyn for +te +gong man whech was
[{a{] wel dysposyd man as hym thowt & commendyd
mech hys gouernawns. +Te creatur seyd, "Sere, God
knowyth what hys gouernawns is, for, +tat I wot of, I sey
hym neuyr. & +get I haue vndyrstondyng what hys
gouernawns xuld be, & +terfor, ser, yf +ge wyl do be my
cownsel & aftyr +tat I fele, latyth hym chesyn & helpyn
hym-selfe as wel as he can & medyl +ge not wyth hym, for
he xal dysceyue +gow at +te last." +Te +gong man resortyd
alwey to +te preste, flateryng hym & seyng +tat he hath
<P I,57>
good frendys in o+ter placys whech xuld helpyn hym +gyf
+tei wysten wher he wer, & +tat in schort tyme, & also
+tei woldyn thankyn +to personys +tat had supportyd hym
in hys dysese. The preste, trustyng it xuld be as +tis
+gong man teld hym, lent hym syluer wyth good wyl to
helpyn hym wyth. +Te +gong man preyed +te preste to
haue hym excused if he sey hym not of too days er thre,
for he xuld gon a lytyl wey & comyn a-geyn in schort
tyme & bryng hym a-+gen hys syluer rygth wel & trewly.
The preste, hauyng confidens in hys promysse, was wel
content, grawntyng hym good lofe & leue vn-to +te day
whech he had promysed to come a-geyn. Whan he was
gon, +te forseyde creatur hauyng vndyrstondyng be
felyng in hir sowle as owyr Lord wold schewyn +tat he
was an vntrewe man & no mor wold come a-geyn, sche
for to preve whe+tyr hir felyng was trewe or fals askyd
+te preste whe+tyr +te +gong man was +tat he had preysed
so mech. The preste seyd he walkyd a lytil way &
trustyd +tat he wold come a-geyn. Sche seyd sche
supposyd +tat he wold no mor se hym, ne no mor he dede
neuyr aftyr. & +tan he repentyd hym +tat he had not
don aftyr hir cownsel. In schort tyme aftyr +tis was
passyd, comyth an-o+ter fals schrewe, an elde man, to +te
same preste & proferyd hym a portose, a good lytyl boke,
for to selle. +Te preste went to +te forseyd creatur,
preyng hir to preye for hym & wetyn whedyr God wolde
he xulde by +te boke er not, &, whyl sche preyd, he
cheryd +te man as wel as he cowde, & sythen he cam
a-geyn to +tis creatur & askyd how sche felt. "Syr,"
sche seyth, "byith no boke of hym, for he is not to
trustyn vp-on, & +tat xal +ge wel knowyn +gyf +ge medyl
wyth hy[{m{] ." Than +te preste preyde +te man +tat he
mygt se +tis boke. +Te man seyde he hath it not vp-on
hym. +Te preste askyd how he cam +terby. He seyd he
was executor to a preste whech was of hys kynred, & he
chargyd hym to sellyn it & dysposyn it for hym. "Fadyr,"
seyde +te preste be-cawse of reuerens, "why profyr
+ge me +tis boke ra+tar +tan o+ter men or o+ter prestys
<P I,58>
whan +ter arn many mo thryftyare, richare prestys in
+tis cherch +tan I am, & I wel wot +ge had neuyr no knowlach
of me be-fore +tis tyme?" "For-so+te, syr," he
seyde, "no mor I had, neuyr-+te-les I haue good wyl
wyth +gowr persone, & also it was hys wyl +tat awt it be-for
+tat, +gef I knew any +gong preste +tat me thowt sad & wel
dysposyd, +tat he xuld han +tis boke be-fore any o+ter
man & for lesse prys +tan any o+ter man +tat he myt prey
for hym. & +tese cawsys mevyn me to come to +gow
ra+ter +tan to an-o+ter man." +Te preste askyd wher was
hys dwellyng. "Ser," he seyde, "but fyve myle fro
+tis place in Penteney Abbey." "+Ter haue I ben,"
seyd +te preste, "& I haue not sey +gow." "No ser,"
seyd he a-geyn, "I haue be +ter but lytyl whyle & now
haue I ther a lyuery, +tankyd be God." +Te preste
preyd hym +tat he mygth haue a sygth of +te boke &
lokyn yf +tei mygth acordyn. He seyde, "Sere, I
hope to be her a-geyn +te next woke & bryng it wyth
me &, ser, I be-hote +gow +ge schal haue it before any
o+ter man +gyf +gow lyke it." +Te preste +tankyd hym
for hys good wyl, & so they partyd a-sundyr, but
+te man wold neuyr comyn at +te preste aftyr, & +tan
+te preste knew wel +tat +te forseyd creaturys felyng was 
trewe.

[} (\CAPITULUM 25\) }]

   Ferthermore her folwyth a rygth notabyl matere
of +te creaturys felyng, & it is wretyn her for conuenyens
in-as-mech as it is in felyng leche to +te materys +tat ben
wretyn be-forn, notwythstondyng it befel long aftyr
+te materys whech folwyn. It happyd in a worshepful
town wher was o parysch cherch & tweyn chapelys
annexid, +te chapellys hauyng & mynystryng alle sacramentys,
except only cristenyng & purificacyons, thorw
sufferawns of +te person, whech was a monke of Seynt
[{Be{]netys Ordyr sent fro +te hows of Norwych, kepyng
resydens wyth iij of hys bretheryn in +te worshepful town
be-forn-wretyn. Thorw summe of +te parischenys desyryng
to make +te chapelys lych to +te parysch cherch,
<P I,59>
pursuyng a bulle fro +te Cowrt of Rome, fel gret ple &
gret heuynes be-twen +te Priowr whech was her person
& curat & +te forseyd paryschenys +tat desyred to haue
fvntys & purificacyons in +te chapelys lych as weryn
in +te parysch cherch. & specyaly in +te on chapel
whech was +te grettar & +te fayrare +tei wold haue a funte.
+Ter was pursuyd a bulle, in +te whech was grawntyd a
funte to +te chapel so it wer no derogacyon to +te parysch
cherch. +Te bulle was put in ple, & diuers days wer
kept be forme of lawe to preuyn whe+tyr +te funte, +gyf it
wer had, xuld ben derogacyon to +te parysch chyrch or
nowt. +Te paryschenys whech pursuyd weryn rygth
strong & haddyn gret help of lordshyp, & also, +te most
of alle, +tei wer ryche men, worshepful marchawntys, &
haddyn gold a-now, whech may spede in euery nede,
& +tat is rewth +tat mede xuld spede er +tan trewth.
Neuyr-+te-lesse +te Priowr whech was her person, +tei he wer
powyr, manfully he wythstod hem thorw +te help of
summe of hys paryschenys whech wer hys frendys &
louedyn +te worshep of her parysch chyrch. So long
+tis mater was in ple +tat it be-gan yrkyn hem on bo+te
sydes, & it was neuyr +te nerar an ende. +Tan was +te
mater put in my Lord of Norwych Alnewyk to say if he
mygth be trety bryng it to an ende. [{He{] laboryd
+tis mater diligently, & for to settyn rest & pes he proferyd
+te forseyd paryschenys mych of her desyre wyth certeyn
condycyons, in so mech +tat +tei +tat heldyn wyth +te
person & wyth her parysch chyrche weryn ful sory,
dredyng gretly +tat +tei +tat suyd for to haue a funte xuld
obteyn & getyn her intent & so makyn +te chapel eqwal
to +te parysch cherch. Than +te preste whech aftyrward
wrot +tis boke went to +te creatur of whom +tis tretys
makyth mencyon, as he had don be-forn in +te tyme of
ple, & askyd hir how sche felt in hir sowle in +tis mater
whe+tyr +tei xuld haue a funte in +te chapel or nowt.
"Syr," seyd +te creatur, "drede +ge not, for I vndyrstond
in my sowle, +tow +tei woldyn +gev[{e{] a buschel of nobelys,
+tei xuld not haue it." "A modyr," seyd +te preste,
<P I,60>
"my Lord of Norwych hath proferyd it hem wyth
certeyn condycyons, & +tei haue a tyme of avysement
for to sey nay or +ga whe+tyr +tei wyl, and +terfor I am
a-ferd +tei wyl not deny it but be ryt glad to haue it."
Thys creatur preyd to God +tat hys wyl myt be fulfyllyd.
&, for-as-mech as sche had be reuelacyon +tat +tei xuld
not haue it, sche was +te mor bold to preyn owyr Lord to
wythstonde her intent & to slakyn her bost. And, so as
owyr Lord wolde, +tei obeyd not ne lyked not +te menys
whech wer proferyd hem, for +tei trostyd fully to han her
entent be lordshep & be proces of lawe; &, as God wolde,
+tei wer deceyuyd of her entent, and for +tei wold han al
+tei lost al. And so, blyssed mot God ben, +te parysch
cherch stod stylle in her worshep & hyr degre as sche had
don ij  hundryd +ger befor & mor, and +te inspiracyon
of owyr Lord was be experiens preuyd for very sothfast
& sekyr in +te forseyd creatur. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P I,221>
[} (\SECUNDUS LIBER\) }]
[} (\CAPITULUM PRIMUM\) }]

   Afftyr +tat owr Souereyn Sauyowr had take +te persone
whech wrot first +te tretys aforn-seyd to hys many-fold
mercy, and +te preiste of whom is be-forn-wretyn had
copijd +te same tretys aftyr hys sympyl cunnyng, he held
it expedient to honowr of +te blisful Trinite +tat hys holy
werkys xulde be notifyid & declaryd to +te pepil, whan
it plesyd hym, to +te worschip of hys holy name. And
+tan he gan to writyn in +te +ger of owr Lord m=lo=.cccc.
xxxviij in +te fest of Seynt Vital Martyr sweche grace
as owr Lord wrowt in hys sympyl creatur +gerys +tat sche
leuyd aftyr, not alle but summe of hem, aftyr hyr owyn
tunge. And first her is a notabyl mater +te whech is
not wretyn in +te forseyd tretys. It befel sone aftyr +tat
+te creatur be-forn-wretyn had forsakyn +te occupasyon
of +te worlde & was joynyd in hir mende to God as meche
as frelte wolde suffyr. The seyd creatur had a sone, a
tal +gong man, dwellyng wyth a worschepful burgeys in
Lynne, vsyng marchawndyse & seylyng ouyr +te see,
whom sche desyryd to a drawyn owt of +te perellys of
+tis wretchyd & vnstabyl worlde +gyf hir power myth a
teynyd +terto. Neuyr-+te-lesse sche dede as meche as
in hir was, &, whan sche myth metyn wyth hym at leyser,
many tymys sche cownselyd hym to leeuyn +te worlde
& folwyn Crist in so meche +tat he fled hyr cumpany &
wolde not gladlych metyn wyth hir. So on a tyme it
happyd +te modyr to metyn wyth hir sone +tei it wer a-geyns
hys wille & hys entent as +tat tyme. And, as sche had
don be-forn-tyme, so now sche spak to hym a-geyn +tat he
xulde fle +te perellys of +tis world & not settyn hys stody
ne hys besynes so mech +terup-on as he dede. He not
consentyng but scharply answeryng a-geyn, sche,
<P I,222>
sumdel meuyd wyth scharpnes of spiryt, seyde, "Now
sithyn +tu wil not leeuyn +te world at my cownsel, I
charge +te at my blissyng kepe +ti body klene at +te lest
fro womanys feleschep tyl +tu take a wyfe aftyr +te lawe
of +te Chirche. And, +gyf +tu do not, I pray God chastise
+te & ponysch +te +terfor." +Tei partyd a-sundyr, & sone
aftyr +te same +gong man passyd ouyr +te see in wey of
marchawndyse, & +tan, what thorw euyl entisyng of
o+ter personys & foly of hys owyn gouernawnce, he fel
in-to +te synne of letchery. Sone aftyr hys colowr
chawngyd, hys face wex ful of whelys & bloberys as it
had ben a lepyr. +Tan he cam hom a-geyn in-to Lynne to
hys maistyr wyth whech he had ben dwellyng be-for-tyme.
Hys maistyr put hym owt of hys seruyse for no
defawte he fond wyth hym, but perauentur supposyng
he had ben a la+ger as it schewyd be hys visage. The
+gong man telde wher hym likyd how hys modyr had
bannyd hym, wher-thorw, as he supposyd, God so
greuowsly ponyschyd hym. Sum persone, hauyng
knowlach of hys compleynt & compassyon of hys disese,
cam to hys modyr, seying sche had don ryth euyl, for
thorw hir prayer God had takyn veniawns on hir owyn
childe. Sche, takyng lityl heed of her wordys, let it
passyn forth as sche had mad no fors tyl he wolde comyn
& preyin for grace hys-self. So at +te last, whan he sey
non o+ter bote, he cam to hys modyr, tellyng hir of hys
mysgouernawns, promittyng he xulde ben obedient to
God & to hir & to a-mende hys defawte thorw +te help of
God enchewyng al mysgouernawnce fro +tat tyme for-ward
vp-on hys power. He preyid hys modyr of hir
blissyng, & specialy he preyd hir to prey for hym +tat
owr Lord of hys hy mercy wolde for+geuyn hym +tat he
had trespasyd & takyn a-wey +tat gret sekenes for whech
men fleddyn hys company & hys felaschep as for a lepyr.
For he supposyd be hir preyerys owr Lord sent hym +tat
ponischyng, & +terfor he trustyd be hir preyerys to be
deliueryd +ter-of +gyf sche wolde of hir charite preyin for
<P I,223>
hym. +Tan sche, hauyng trust of hys a-mendyng &
compassyon of hys infirmyte, wyth scharp wordys of
correpcyon promysyd to fulfillyn hys entent +gyf God wolde
grawntyn it. Whan sche cam to hir meditacyon, not
for+getyng +te frute of  hir wombe, [{sche{] askyd for+geuenes
of hys synne & relesyng of +te sekenes +tat owr Lord had
+gouyn hym +gyf it wer hys plesawns & profite to hys
sowle. So longe sche preyid +tat he was clene delyueryd
of +te sekenes and leuyd many +gerys aftyr & had a wife
& a childe, blissyd mote God ben, for he weddyd hys
wife in Pruce in Dewchelonde. Whan tydyngys cam to
hys modyr fro ouyr +te see +tat hir sone had weddyd, sche
was ryth glad & thankyd God wyth al hir hert, supposyng
& trustyng he xulde leuyn clene & chast as +te lawe of
matrimony askith. Sithyn, whan God wolde, hys wife
had a childe, a fayr mayde-child. +Tan he sent tydingys
to hys modyr in-to Inglond how gracyowsly God had
visityd hym & hys wife. Hys modyr being in a chapel
of owr Lady thankyng God of +te grace & goodnes +tat
he schewyd to hir sone & hauyng desyr to sen hem +gyf
sche myth, a-non it was answeryd to hir mende +tat
sche xulde seen hem alle er +tan sche deyid. Sche had
wondyr of +tis felynge how it xulde be so as sche felt,         #
in-as-meche
as +tei weryn be-+gowndyn +te see & sche on +tis
halfe +te see, neuyr purposyng to passyn +te see whil sche
leuyd. Neuyr-+te-lesse sche wiste wel to God was nothyng
impossibyl. +Terfor sche trustyd it schulde be so
as sche had felyng whan God wolde.

[} (\CAPITULUM 2=M=\) }]

   In fewe +gerys aftyr +tat +tis +gong man had weddyd he
cam hom in-to Inglond to hys fadyr & hys modyr al
chongyd in hys aray & hys condicyonis. For a-for-tyme
hys clothys wer al daggyd & hys langage al uanyte;
now he weryd no daggys, & hys dalyawns was ful of
vertu. Hys modyr, hauyng gret merueyl of +tis sodeyn
chongyng, seyd vn-to hym, "Benedicite, sone, how is it
wyth +te +tat +tu art so chongyd?" "Modyr," he seyd,
"I hope +tat thorw +gowr preyerys owr Lord hath drawyn
me, and I purpose be +te grace of God to folwyn +gowr
cownsel mor +tan I haue don be-forn." Than hys
<P I,224>
modyr, seyng +tis meruelyows drawte of owr Lord,
thankyd God as sche cowde, takyng good heed of hys
gouernawns for dred of symulacyon. +Te lengar +tat sche
beheld hys gouernawns, +te mor sadde sche thowt he was
& +te mor reuerent to-owr-Lord-ward. Whan sche knew
it was +te drawt of owr Lordys mercy, +tan sche was ful
joyful, thankyng God ful many timys for hys grace & hys
goodnes. Sithyn, for he xulde be +te mor diligent & +te
mor besy to folwyn owr Lordys drawyng, sche openyd
hir hert to hym, schewyng hym & enformyng how owr
Lord had drawyn hir thorw hys mercy & be what menys,
also how meche grace he had schewyd for hir, +te whech
he seyd he was vnworthy to heryn. +Tan he went many
pilgrimagys to Rome & to many o+ter holy placys to
purchasyn hym pardon, resortyng a-geyn to hys wife &
hys childe as he was bowndyn to do. He enformyd
hys wife of hys modyr in so meche +tat sche wolde leeuyn
hir fadyr & hir modyr & hir owyn cuntre for to comyn
in-to Inglonde & seen hys modyr. He was ful glad
+terof & sent word in-to Inglond to hys modyr to certifyin
hir of hys wyfys desyr & to wetyn whedyr hys modyr
wolde cownselyn hym to comyn be lond er be watyr, for
he trustyd meche in hys moderys cownsel, leuyng it
was of +te Holy Gost. Hys modyr, whan sche had
lettyr fro hym & knew hys desyr, went to hir preyer to 
knowyn owr Lordys cownsel & owr Lordys wyl. And,
as sche preyid for +te sayd mater, it was answeryd to hir
sowle +tat whedyr hir sone come be lond er be watyr he
xulde comyn in saf-warde. +Tan wrot sche letterys to
hym, seying +tat whedyr he come be londe er be watyr
he schulde come in safte be +te grace of God. Whan he
was certifijd of hys moderys cownsel, he speryd whan
schippys xulde come in-to Inglond & hiryd a schip er
ellys a part of a schip in whech he putt hys good, hys
wife, hys childe, & hys owyn self, purposyng alle to
comyn in-to Inglond to-gedyr. Whan +tei weryn in +te
schip, +ter resyn swech tempestys +tat +tei durstyn not
takyn +te see, & so +tei comyn on lond a-geyn, bothyn he,
<P I,225>
hys wife, & her childe. +Tan +tei left her childe in Pruce
wyth her frendys, & he & hys wife comyn in-to Inglond
be lond wey to hys fadyr & to hys modyr. Whan +tei
wer come +tedir, hys modir ful meche enioijd in owr Lord
+tat hir felyng was trewe, for sche had felyng in hir sowle,
as is wretyn be-forn, +tat whedyr +tei come be lond er
be watyr +tei schulde comyn be safte. & so it was in
dede, blissyd mote God ben. +Tei come hom on +te
Satyrday in good heele, & on +te next day +tat was +te
Sonday, whil +tei wer at mete at noon with o+ter good
frendys, he fel in gret sekenes +tat he ros fro +te tabyl &
leyd hym on a bed, whech sekenes & infirmite ocupijd
hym a-bowte a monyth, & +tan in good life & ryth beleue
he passyd to +te mercy of owr Lord. So gostly & bodily
it myth wel ben verifijd he xal comyn hom in safte, not
only in-to +tis dedly lond but also in-to +te lond of leuyng
men, wher deth xal neuyr aperyn. In schort tyme aftyr, +te
fadyr of +te sayd persone folwyd +te sone +te wey whech euery
man must gon. Than leuyd stille +te modyr of +te sayd
persone, of whom +tis tretys specyaly makyth mencyon,
and sche +tat was hys wife, a Dewche woman, dwellyng
wyth hys modyr a +ger & an halfe vn-to +te tyme +tat hir
frendys whech wer in Duchelond, desyryng to haue hir
hom, wretyn lettrys to hir & steryd hir to resortyn to hir
owyn cuntre. And so sche, desiryng +te beneuolens of hir
frendys, vtteryd hir conseyte to hir eldmodyr, declaryng
to hir +te desyr of hir frendys, preying hir of good lofe
& leue +tat sche myth resortyn to hir owyn cuntre. And
so thorw hir eldmodrys consentyng sche purueyid hir to
gon as sone as any schippys wentyn in-to +tat lond. So
+tei speryd a schip of +tat same lond & hir owyn cuntremen
xulde seylyn +tedyr, and hem thowt it was goodly
+tat sche xulde ra+tar seylyn wyth hem in her schip +tan
wyth o+ter men. Than sche went to hir confessowr for
to be schreuyn, &, whil sche was in +te schryuyng, +te
sayd creatur, hir eldmodir, went vp & down in +te qwer,
thynkyng in hir mende, "Lord, +gyf it wer +ti wille I
wolde takyn leue of my confessowr & gon wyth hir ouyr
+te see." Owr Lord answeryd to hyr thowt, seying,
"Dowtyr, I wote wel, yf I bode +te gon, +tu woldist gon
<P I,226>
al redy. +Terfor I wyl +tat +tu speke no word to hym of
+tis mater." Than was sche ryth glad & mery, trustyng
sche xulde not gon ouyr +te see, for sche had ben in gret
perell on +te see a-for-tyme & was in purpos neuyr to
comyn +teron mor be hir owyn wille. Whan hir dowtyr-in-lawe
was schreuyn, +te good man whech was confessowr
to hem bothyn as +tat tyme cam to hir & seyd, 
"Ho schal gon wyth +gowr dowtyr to +te see-syde tyl
sche come at hir schip? It is not goodly +tat sche xulde
gon so fer wyth a +gong man a-lone in strawnge cuntre
wher her nei+tyr is knowyn," for a strawnge man was
come for hir & her nei+tyr was but lityl knowyn in +tis
cuntre, wher-for hir confessowr had +te mor compassyon
of hir. +Tan +te sayd creatur seyd a-geyn, "Syr, +gyf
+ge wele biddyn me, I xal gon wyth hir my-self tyl sche
come at +Gepiswech, +ter lyth +te schip & hir owyn cuntremen
+tat xal ledyn hir ouyr +te see." Hir confessowr
seyd, "How xulde +ge gon wyth hir?" +Ge hirtyd but late
+gowr foote, & +ge ar not +get al hool, & also +ge arn an elde
woman. +Ge may not gon." "Sir," sche seyd, "God,
as I trust, xal helpyn me ryth wel." +Tan he askyd ho
xulde gon wyth hir & brynge hir hom a-geyn. And sche
seyd, "Ser, her is longyng to +tis chirch an ermyte, a
+gong man. I hope he wil for owr Lordys lofe gon &
comyn wyth me, +gef +ge wil +geuyn me leue." So sche had
leue to brynge hir dowtyr to +Gepiswich & +tan comyn
a-geyn to Lynne. +Tus +tei passyd forth in her jurne
in tyme of Lenton, and, whan +tei weryn v er vj myle
fro Lynne, +tei comyn forby a cherch, & so +tei turnyd
in for to heryn Messe. And, as +tei wer in +te chirche, +te
forseyd creatur, desiryng teerys of deuocyon, non myth
purchasyn at +tat tyme but euyr was comawndyd in hir
hert for to gon ouyr +te see wyth hir dowtyr. Sche wolde
a putt it owt of hir mende, & euyr it cam a-geyn so fast
+tat sche myth not rest ne qwiet han in hir mende but
euyr was labowryd & comawndyd to gon ouyr +te see.
Sche thowt it was heuy to hir to takyn sweche labowr
vp-on hir & excusyd hir-self to owr Lord in hir mende,
<P I,227>
seying, "Lord, +tu wost wel I haue no leue of my gostly 
fadyr, & I am bowndyn to obediens. +Terfor I may not
do thus wyth-owtyn hys wil & hys consentyng." It was
answeryd a-geyn to hir thowt, "I bydde +te gon in my
name, Ihesu, for I am a-bouyn thy gostly fadyr & I xal
excusyn +te & ledyn +te & bryngyn +te a-geyn in safte."
Sche wolde +get excusyn hir yf sche myth in any wey, &
+terfor sche seyd, "I am not purueyd of gold ne of syluer
sufficiently for to gon wyth as I awt to be, and, +tow I wer
& wolde gon, I wote wel my dowtyr had leuar I wer at
hom, & perauentur +te schip-maistrys xulde not receyuyn
me in-to her vessel for to gon wyth hem." Owr Lord
seyd a-geyn, "Yf I be wyth +te, ho schal ben a-geyns
+te? I xal purueyin for +te & getyn +te frendys to helpyn
+te. Do as I bydde +te, & +ter schal no man of +te schip
sey nay vn-to +te." The creatur say +ter was non o+ter
help but forth sche must at +te comawndyng of God.
Sche thowt +tat sche wolde fyrst gon to Walsyngham &
offeryn in worschep of owr Lady, &, as sche was in +te wey
+tedir-ward, sche herd tellyn +tat a frer schuld seyin a
sermown in a lityl village a lityl owt of hir wey. Sche
turnyd in-to +te cherch wher +te frer seyd +te sermown, a
famows man, & a gret audiens had at hys sermown.
And many tymys he seyd +tes wordys, "+Gyf God be wyth
us, ho schal be a-geyns us?" thorw +te whech wordys
sche was +te mor steryd to obeyn +te wil of God & parformyn
hir entent. So sche went forth to Walsingham,
& sithyn to Norwich wyth hir dowtyr-in-lawe, & +te
ermyte wyth hem. Whan +tei cam at Norwich, sche mett
a Grey Frer, a worschepful clerk, a doctowr of diuinyte
whech had herd of hir leuyng & hir felyngys be-for-tyme.
+Te doctowr schewyd hir gret cher & dalyid wyth hir as he
had don be-for-tyme. Sche, many tymys syhyng, was
heuy in cher & in cuntenawnce. +Te doctowr askyd what
hir eylyd, "Sir," sche seyd, "whan I cam owte of
Lynne wyth +te leue of my confessowr, I purposyd to
ledyn my dowtyr to +Gepisweche, wher is a schip in +te
whech sche be +te grace of God xal seylyn to Deuchelond,
<P I,228>
& I than to turnyn hom a-geyn as sone as I myth goodly
to Lynne wyth an ermyte whech cam wyth me for +te
same entent to ledyn me hom a-geyn. & he weny[{d{]
fully +tat I xulde don so. And, ser, whan I was a-bowtyn
vj myle owt of Lynne in a chirch to makyn my preyerys,
I was comawndyd in my sowle +tat I schulde gon ouyr
+te see wyth my dowtyr, & I wote wel sche wolde I wer
at hom, & so wolde I yf I durst. +Tus was I meuyd in my
sowle & no rest myth han in my spiryt ne deuocyon tyl
I was consentyd to do as I was meuyd in my spiryt, &
+tis is to me gret drede & heuynes." +Te worschipful
clerk seyd vn-to hir, "+Ge schal obey +te wil of God, for I
leue it is +te Holy Gost +tat spekyth in +gow, & +terfor
folwyth +te meuyng of +gowr spiryt in +te name of Ihesu."
Sche was meche comfortyd wyth hys wordys & toke hir
leue, goyng forth to +te see-syde wyth hir felaschip.
Whan +tei were comyn +tedir, +te schip was redy to seilyn.
+Tan sche preyid +te maistyr +tat sche myth seilyn wyth
hem in-to Duchelond, & he goodly receyuyd hir, & +tei
+tat weryn in +te schip seyd not onys nay. +Ter was non
so meche a-geyn hir as was hir dowtyr, +tat awt most to a
ben wyth hir. +Tan sche toke hir leue of +te ermyte +tat
was come +tedyr wyth hir, rewardyng hym sum-deel for
hys labowr & preying hym to excusyn hir to hir confessowr
& to hir o+ter frendys whan he come hom to
Lynne, for it was not hir wetyng ne hir entent whan sche
partyd fro hem to a passyd +te see neuyr whil sche had
leuyd, "but," sche seyd, "I must a-beyn +te wil of God."
The ermyte partyd fro hir wyth heuy cher & cam hom
a-geyn to Lynne, excusyng hir to hir confessowr & to 
o+ter frendys, tellyng hem of her sodeyn & wondirful
partyng & how it was not hys knowyng +tat +tei xulde
a partyd so sodeynly a-sundyr. +Te pepil +tat herd
+terof had gret wondyr & seydin as +tei woldyn. Sum
seyd it was a womanys witte & a gret foly for +te lofe of
hir dowtyr-in-lawe to putte hir-self, a woman in gret age,
to perellys of +te see & for to gon in-to a strawnge cuntre
<P I,229>
wher sche had not ben be-forn ne not wist how sche xulde
come a-geyn. Summe heldyn it was a dede of gret
charite for-as-meche as hir dowtyr had be-forn-tyme
left hir frendys & hir cuntre & cam wyth hir husbond to
visityn hir in +tis cuntre +tat sche wolde now halpyn
hir dowtyr hom a-geyn in-to +te cuntre +tat sche cam
fro. O+ter whech knewe mor of +te creaturys leuyng
supposyd & trustyd +tat it was +te wille & +te werkyng
of al-mythy God to +te magnifying of hys owyn
name.

[} (\CAPITULUM 3=M=\) }]

   The sayd creatur & hir felawschip entryd her schip
on +te Thursday in Passyon Weke, & God sent hem fayr
wynde & wedyr +tat day & +te Fryday, but on +te Satirday
owr Lord, turnyng hys hand as hym likyd, & +te Palme
Sonday also, preuyng her feith & her pacyens, wyth
+te ij nyghtys, sent hem swech stormys & tempestys +tat
+tei wendyn alle to a ben perischyd. +Te tempestys
weryn so greuows & hedows +tat +tei myth not rewlyn
ne gouerne her schip. +Tei cowde no bettyr chefsyawns
+tan comendyn hem-self & her schip to +te gouernawns
of owr Lord; +tei left her craft & her cunnyng &
leet owr Lord dryuyn hem wher he wolde. +Te sayd
creatur had sorwe & care j-now; hir thowt sche had
neuyr so mech be-forn. Sche cryid to owr Lord for
mercy & preseruyng of hir & alle hir felaschep. Sche
thowt in hir mende, "A, Lord, for +ti lofe cam I hedyr,
& +tu hast oftyn-tyme behite me +tat I schulde neuyr
perischyn nei+tyr on londe ne in watyr ne wyth no tempest.
+Te pepil hath many tyme bannyd me, cursyd me,
& warijd me for +te grace +tat +tu hast wrowt in me,
desiryng +tat I schulde deyin in myschef & gret disese,
& now, Lord, it is lyke +tat her bannyng comyth to
effect, & I, vnworthy wretche, am deceyuyd and defrawdyd 
of +te promys +tat +tu hast mad many tyme on-to
me, whech haue euyr trostyd in +ti mercy & +ti goodnesse,
lesse +tan +tu +te sonar wythdrawe +tes tempestys & schewe
us mercy. Now may myn enmyis enyoyin, & I may
sorwyn yf +tei haue her intent & I be deceyuyd. Now,
<P I,230>
blisful Ihesu, haue mende of thy many-fold mercy &
fulfille +ti behestys +tat +tu hast behite me. Schewe +tu
art sothfast God & non euyl spiryt +tat hast browte me
hedyr in-to +te perellys of +te see, whoys cownsel I haue
trustyd & folwyd many +gerys & xal don thorw +ti mercy
yf +tu delyuyr us owt of +tis greuows perellys. Help
us & socowr us, Lord, er +tan we perischyn er dispeyryn,
for we [\THE WORD we WRITTEN ON TOP OF me\] may not long        #
enduryn +tis sorw +tat we ben
in wyth-owtyn +ti mercy & +ti socowr." Owr mercyful
Lord, spekyng in hir mende, blamyd hir of hyr feerdnes,
seying, "Why dredist +te? Why art +tu so aferd?
I am as mythy her in +te see as on +te londe. Why wilt
+tu mistrostyn me? Al +tat I haue hite +te I xal
trewly fulfillyn, & I xal neuyr deceyuyn +te. Suffyr
paciently a while & haue trost in my mercy. Wauyr
nowt in thy feith, for wyth-owtyn feith +tu maist nowt
plesyn me. +Gyf +tu woldist verily trostyn in me &
no-thyng dowtyn, +tu maist han gret comfort in +ti-self
& mythist comfortyn al thy felaschep wher +ge ben now
alle in gret drede & heuynes." Wyth swech maner of
dalyawns & meche mor hy & holy +tan euyr I cowde
writyn owr Lord comfortyd hys creatur, blissyd mote he
ben. Holy seyntys whech sche preyid on-to dalijd
vn-to hir sowle be +te sufferawns of owr Lord, +geuyng
hir wordys of gret comfort. At +te last cam owr Lady
& seyd, "Dowtyr, be of a good comfort. +Tu hast
euyr fowndyn my tydingys trewe, & +terfor be no lengar
a-ferd, for I telle +te trewly +tes wyndys & tempestys
xal sone sesyn & +ge xal han rith fayr wedyr." And so,
blissyd mote God ben, it was in schort tyme aftyr her
schip was dreuyn in-to Norwey coost, & +ter +tei londyd
on Good Fryday & abedyn +ter Estern Euyn, & Estern
Day, & +te Monday aftyr Estern. And on +tat Monday
<P I,231>
+tei weryn howselyd wyth-inne +te schip alle +tat longyd
to +te schip. On Estern Day +te maistyr of +te schip &
+te sayd creatur & o+ter for +te most partye of +te schipgynge
went on lond & herdyn her seruyse at +te chirche.
Aftyr +te vse of +te cuntre +te Cros was reisyd on Estern
Day a-bowte noon-tyme, & sche had hir meditacyon
& hir deuocyon wyth wepyng & sobbyng as wel as yf
sche had ben at hom. God drow not hys grace fro hir
nei+tyr in cherch, ne in schip, ne in +te see, ne in no place
+tat sche cam to, for euyr sche had hym in hir sowle.
Whan +tei had receyuyd +te Sacrament on Estern Monday,
as is wretyn be-forn, owr Lord sent hem a fayr wynde
+tat browte hem owt of +tat cuntre & drofe hem hom in-to
Duchelond as +tei desiryd. The forseyd creatur fond
swech grace in +te maistyr of +te schip +tat he ordeynd for
hir mete & drynke & al +tat was necessary vn-to hir as
long as sche was wyth-inne +te schip, and was as tendyr
to hir as sche had ben hys modyr. He curyd hir in +te
schip wyth hys owyn clothys, for ellys sche myth a
deyd for colde, sche was not purueyd as o+ter weryn.
Sche went at +te biddyng of owr Lord, & +terfor hyr Maistyr
whech bad hir gon purueyid for hir so +tat sche ferd
as wel as any of hir felawschep, worschep & preysyng
be to owr Lord +terfor.

[} (\CAPITULUM 4=M=\) }]

   The seyd creatur a-bood in Danske in Duchelond
a-bowt v er vj wekys & had ryth good cher of meche
pepil for owr Lordys lofe. +Ter was non so meche a-geyn
hir as was hir dowtyr-in-lawe, +te whech was most bowndyn
& beholdyn to a comfortyd hir yf sche had ben
kende. +Tan +te creatur enyoyid in owr Lord +tat sche
had so gret cher for hys lofe & purposyd to a-bydyn +ter
+te lengar tyme. Owr Lord, spekyng to hir thowt,
monischyd hir to gon owt of +te cuntre. Sche was
+tan in gret heuynes & diswer how sche xulde do +te
byddyng of God, whech sche wolde in no wey wythstondyn,
& had nei+tyr man ne woman to gon wyth hir
in felawschep. Be +te watyr wolde sche not gon as
ny as sche myth, for sche was so afrayd on +te see as
<P I,232>
sche cam +tedirward; and be lond wey sche myth not
gon esyly, for +ter was werr in +te cuntre +tat sche xulde
passyn by. So what thorw o cawse & o+ter sche was in
gret heuynesse, not wetyng how sche xuld be releuyd.
Sche went in-to a chirche & mad hir preyerys +tat owr
Lord, liche as he comawndyd hir for to gon, he schulde
sendyn hir help & felaschip wyth +te which sche myth gon.
And sodeynly a man, comyng to hir, askyd yf sche wolde
gon on pilgrimage a fer cuntre fro thens to a place clepyd
Wilsnak, wher is worschepyd +te Precyows Blod of owr
Lord Ihesu Crist whech be miracle cam of thre Oostys,
+te Sacrament of +te Awter, +te whech iij Oostys & Precyows
Blood ben +ter on-to +tis day had in gret worschip
& reuerens & sowt fro many a cuntre. Sche wyth glad
cher seyde +tat sche wolde gon +tedyr yf sche had good
felaschep & yf sche wist of any honest man +tat myth
sithyn bryng hir in-to Inglond. & he behestyd hir
+tat he wolde gon on pilgrimage wyth hir to +te forseyd
place on hys owyn cost, & sithyn, yf sche wolde al
qwite hys coste in-to Inglond, he xulde comyn wyth
hir tyl sche wer in +te costys of Inglond +tat sche myth
han good felaschep of hir nacyon. He purueyd an
heeke, a lityl schip, in +te which +tei xulde seylyn            #
to-+te-holy-place-warde,
and +tan myth sche han no leue to
gon owt of +tat lond, for sche was an Englisch woman,
& so had sche gret vexacyon & meche lettyng er sche
myth getyn leue of on of +te heerys of Pruce for to gon
+tens. At +te last, thorw +te steryng of owr Lord, +ter
was a marchawnt of Lynne herd tellyn +ter-of, & he cam
to hir & comfortyd hir, behestyng hir +tat he xulde helpyn
hir fro +tens, ey+tyr preuyly er apertly. And +tis good
man thorw gret labowr gate hir leue to gon wher sche
wolde. +Tan sche, wyth +te man whech had prouydyd
for hir, tokyn her vessel, & God sent hem calm wynde,
+te whech wynde plesyd hir ryth wel for +ter ros no wawe
on +te watyr. Hir felaschep thowt +tei sped no wey &
weryn heuy & grutchyng. Sche preyid to owr Lord,
& he sent hem wynde a-now +tat +tei seylyd a gret cowrse
<P I,233>
& +te wawys resyn sor. Hyr felaschep was glad & mery,
and sche was heuy & sory for dred of +te wawys. Whan
sche lokyd up-on hem, sche was euyr feryd. Owr Lord,
spekyng to hir spirit, bad hir leyn down hir heuyd +tat
sche xulde not seen +te wawys, & sche dede so. But
euyr sche was a-feerd, & +terfor was sche oftyn-tymys
blamyd. & so they seylyd forth to a place whech is
clepyd Strawissownd. Yf +te namys of +te placys be
not ryth wretyn, late no man merueylyn, for sche stodyid
mor a-bowte contemplacyon +tan +te namys of +te placys,
& he +tat wrot hem had neuyr seyn hem, & +terfor haue
hym excusyd.



<B CMJULNOR>
<Q M3/4 IR RELT JULNOR>
<N REVELATIONS>
<A JULIAN OF NORWICH>
<C M3/4>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^JULIAN OF NORWICH.
JULIAN OF NORWICH'S REVELATIONS
OF DIVINE LOVE. THE SHORTER VERSION
ED. FROM B.L. ADD. MS 37790.
MIDDLE ENGLISH TEXTS.
ED. F. BEER. 
HEIDELBERG: CARL WINTER
UNIVERSITAETSVERLAG, 1978. 
PP. 48.21 - 62.24^]

<P 48>
[} [\VII\] }]

   Alle this blyssede techynge of oure lorde god was schewyd to
me in thre partyes, that is be bodylye syght, and be worde
formede in myne vndyrstandynge, & be gastelye syght. Botte
the gastelye syght I maye nought ne can nought schewe it vnto
+gowe als oponlye & als fullye as I wolde. Botte I truste in
oure lorde god allemyghtty that he schalle, of his goodnes and
for +goure love, make +gowe to take it mare gastelye and mare
swetly than I can or maye telle it +gowe, and so motte it be,
for we are alle one in loove.
   And in alle this I was mekylle styrrede in charyte to myne
evyncrystene that thaye myght alle see and knawe +te same
that I sawe, for I walde that it ware comforthe to thame
<P 49>
alle as it es to me. For this syght was schewyd in
generalle & nathynge in specyalle. Of alle that [{I{] sawe,
this was the maste comforthe to me: that oure lorde es so       #
hamlye
& so curtayse. And this maste [{fil{]lyd me with lykynge &
syekernes in saule.
   Than sayde I to the folke that were with me, "Itt es todaye
domesdaye with me", & this I sayde for I wenede to hafe dyed.
For that daye that man or woman dyes ys he demyd as he schalle
be withowtyn eende. This I sayde for y walde thaye lovyd god
mare, & sette the lesse pryse be the vanite of the worlde, for
to make thame to hafe mynde that this lyfe es schorte, as thaye
myght se in ensampille be me. For in alle +tis tyme I wenede to
hafe dyed.

[} [\VIII\] }]

   And aftyr this I sawe with bodely syght the face of the      #
crucifixe
that hange before me, in whilke I behelde contynuely a
party of his passyon: despite, spittynge in, sowlynge of his
bodye, & buffetynge in his blysfulle face; & manye langoures
and paynes ma than I can telle, and ofte chaungynge of coloure,
and alle his blyssede face atyme closede in dry blode. This I
sawe bodylye & hevelye & derkelye, and I desyred mare bodelye
lyght to hafe sene more clerelye. And I was aunswerde in my
resone that +gyf god walde schewe me mare he schulde, botte me
nedyd na lyght botte hym.
   And aftyr this I sawe god in a poynte, that es in myne       #
vndyrstandynge,
by whilke syght I sawe that he es in alle thynge.
I behelde with vysemente, wittande and knawande in that syght
that he dose alle that es done. I merveylede in this syght
with a softe drede & thought, "Whate es synne?" For I sawe
trulye that god dothe alle thynge, be itt nevere so litille;
nor nathynge es done be happe ne be eventure, botte the endeles
forluke of the wysdome of god. Wharefore me behovede nedes
grawnte that alle thynge that es done es wele done, and I was
<P 50>
sekyr that god dose na synne. [{+Terfore it semed to me +tat
synne is nou+gt, for in alle thys synne{] was nou+gt schewyd    #
me.
And y walde no lengyr mervelle of this, botte behalde oure
lorde whate he wolde schewe me. & in anothyr tyme god schewyd
me whate syne es nakydlye be the selfe as y schalle telle
aftyrw[{a{]rde.
   And aftyr this I sawe behaldande the bodye plentevouslye     #
bledande,
hate & freschlye and lyfelye, ry+gt as I sawe before in
the heede. And this was schewyd me in the semes of
scowrgynge, and this ranne so plenteuouslye to my syght that
me thought +gyf itt hadde bene so in kynde for +tat tyme, itt
schulde hafe made the bedde alle on blode & hafe passede on
abowte. God has made waterse plenteuouse in erthe to oure
servyce and to owre bodylye eese, for tendyr love that he has
to vs; botte +git lykes hym bettyr that we take fullye his
blessede blode to wasche vs with of synne, for thare ys no
lykoure that es made that hym lykes so welle to gyffe vs, for
it is so plenteuouse and of oure kynde.
   And aftyr this, [{or{] god schewyd me any wo[{r{]des, he     #
suffyrde
me to behalde langere and alle that I hadde seene & alle that
was thereyn. And than was withowtyn voyce & withowte openynge
of lyppes formede in my sawlle this worde, "Herewith ys the
feende ouercomyn". This worde sayde oure lorde me[{n{]ande his
passyon, as he schewyd me before.
   In this oure lorde brought vnto my mynde & schewyd me a      #
perte
of the fendys malyce & fully his vnmyght, and for that he
schewyd me that the passyon of hym is ouercomynge of the fende.
God schewyd me that he hase nowe the same malyce that he had
before the incarnacyon, and als sare he travayles & als         #
contynuelye 
he sees that alle chosene saules eschapes hym worschipfullye,
<P 51>
and that es alle his sorowe. For alle that god
suffers hym do turnes [{thame{] to ioye & hym to payne & to
schame, and he has als mekylle sorowe when god gyffes hym leve
to wyrke as when he werkys nought, and that es for he maye
nevere do als ille as he wolde, for his myght es alle lokene
in goddys hande. Also I sawe oure lorde scorne his malyce
and nought hym, and he wille that we do the same. For this
syght I lugh+g myghttelye, and that made tham to laugh+g that
were abowte me, and thare laughynge was lykynge to me. I
thought y wolde myne evyncristene hadde sene as I sawe; than
schulde thaye alle hafe laughyn with me. Botte I sawe nou+gt
cryste laugh+g. Neuerthelesse hym lykes that we laugh+g in      #
comfortynge 
of vs, & er ioyande in god, for the feende ys ouercomyn.
   & aftyr this I felle into a saddehete & sayde, "I see thre
thynges: game, scorne, and arneste. I see game that the feende
ys ouercomen, and I see scorne that god scornes hym
and he schalle be scornede, and I see arneste that he es        #
ouercomen
be the passion of oure lorde Ihesu cryste & be his dede
that was done ful erneste & with sadde travayle". Aftyr this
oure lorde sayde, "I thanke the of thy servyce & of thy         #
trauayle, 
& namly in +ti +gough".

[} [\IX\] }]

   God schewyd me thre degrees of blysse that ylke saule        #
schalle
hafe in hevene that wilfullye hase servyd god in any degree
heere in erthe. The fyrste is the wyrschipfulle thankkynge
of owre lorde god that he schalle resayfe when he es            #
delyuerede 
fro payne. This thanke is so hy+ge and so wyrschipfulle
that hym thynke it fylles hym +tow+g +tare ware no mare blys:   #
for
me thought that alle the payne & travayle that myght be         #
suffyrde
of alle lyffande men myght nought [{hafe{] deservede the
thanke that a man schalle hafe that wylfullye has servydde
<P 52>
god. For the seconde, that alle the blyssede creatures +tat
er in hevene schalle see that worschipfulle thankynge of oure
lorde god, & he makys his servyce to alle that er in heuen
knawen. And for the thyrde, that als new ande als lykande
as it es resayvede that tyme, ryght so schalle itt laste        #
withowten
ende: I sawe that goodelye and swetlye was this sayde
& schewyd to me, that +te age of euerylk [{man{] schalle be     #
knawen
in heuen and rewardyd for his wilfulle seruyce and for his
tyme, and namelye the age of thame +tat wilfullye and frelye
offers thare +gought vnto god es passande rewardede & wondyrlye
thankkyd.
   And aftyr this oure lorde schewyd me a souerayne gastelye    #
lykkynge
in my sawlle. In this lykynge I was fulfillyd of euerlastande
sekernesse, myghtlye festnede withowtyn any drede.
This felynge was so gladde to me and so goodly that [{I was{]   #
in
peez, in ese, and in ryste, so that +tere was nothynge in erthe
that schulde hafe grevyd me. This lastyd botte a while, and
I was turnede & lefte to myselfe in hevynes and werynesse of
myselfe and yrkesumnesse of my lyfe, that vnnethes I cowthe
hafe pacyence to lyeve. Thare was none ese ne na comforthe to
my felynge botte hope, faythe, and charyte, and this y hadde
in trowthe botte fulle lytille in felynge.
   And anone aftyr, god gafe me agayne the comforth and
the reste in saule, likynge and syekyrnesse so blysfulle & so
myghtty +tat no drede, no sorowe, no payne bodylye no gastelye
that myght be sufferde schulde have dissesede me. And than
the payne schewyd agayne to my felynge, and than the ioye and
the lykynge, & than the tane & nowe the tothere dyverse
tymes I suppose abowte twentye sythes. And in the tyme of
ioye I myght hafe sayde with Paule, Nathynge schalle departe
me fro the charyte of cryste. And in payne y myght hafe sayde
with saynte Petyr, Lorde save me, I perysche.
   +Tis vision was schewyd me to lere me atte my vndyrstandynge
<P 53>
+tat it es nedefulle to ylke man to feele on this wyse: sumtyme
to be in comforthe & sumtyme to fayle & be lefte to hymselfe.
God wille that we knowe that he kepes vs euerelyke syekyr in
wele and in woo, & als mykille loves vs in woo as in weele. &
sumtyme, for the profytte of his saule, a man es lefte to       #
hymselfe
& to whethere symme es nought the cause. For in this
tyme I synnede nought wherefore I schulde be lefte to myselfe,
ne also I deseruede nou+gt to hafe this blysfulle felynge.
Botte frelye god gyffez wele when hym lykes, and suffers [{vs{]
in wa sumtyme. And bothe es of love: for it is god ys wille
that we halde vs in comforthe with alle oure myght, for blys
es lastande withowtyn ende and payn es passande & schalle be
brought to nought. Therefore it es nought goddys wille that
we folowe the felynges of payne in sorowynge and in mournynge
for tha[{im{] , botte sodaynlye passe on & halde vs in          #
endelesse
lykynge that es god allemyghtty oure lovere & kepare.

[} [\X\] }]

   Aftyr this cryste schewyd me a partye of his passyone nere   #
his
dyinge. I sawe that swete faace as yt ware drye and             #
bludyelesse 
with pale dyinge, sithen mare de[{de{] pale langourande;
and than turnede more dede to the blewe, & sithene mare blewe
as the flesche turnede mare deepe dede. For alle the paynes
that cryste sufferde in his bodye schewyd to me in the blyssede
faace als farfurthe as I sawe it, and namelye in the lyppes.
Thare I sawe this foure colourse, thaye that I sawe             #
beforehande,
freschlye & rud[{dy{] , lyflye & lykande to my syght.
   This was a hevy chaunge to see this deepe dyinge, and
also the nese c[{l{]aungede and dryed to my sight. This lange   #
pynnynge
semede to me as he hadde bene a seuen nyght dede, allewaye
sufferande payne. & me thought the dryinge of crystes
flesche was the maste payne of his passion, and the laste. And
in this dryhede was brou+gt to my mynde this worde that cryste
<P 54>
sayde, "I thryste". For I sawe in criste a doubille thyrste,
ane bodylye, ane othere gastelye. This worde was schewyd to
me for the bodylye thirste, and for the gastelye thyrste was
schewyd to me als I schalle saye eftyrwarde. And I vndyrstode
of bodelye thyrste that the bodye hadde of faylynge of          #
moystere,
for the blessede flesche & banes ware lefte allane withowtyn
blode & moystere. The blyssyd bodye dryede alle ane
lange tyme with wryngynge of the nayles and paysynge of the
h[{ede{] and weyght of the bodye, with blawynge of wynde fra
withoutyn that dryed mare and pyned hym with calde mare than
myn herte can thynke, & alle othere paynes.
   Swilke paynes I sawe that alle es to litelle +tat y can      #
telle
or saye, for itt maye nou+gt be tolde. Botte ylke saule aftere
the sayinge of saynte Pawle schulde feele in hym +tat in criste
Ihesu. This schewynge of criste paynes fillyd me fulle of
paynes, for I wate weele he suffrede nou+gt botte ane+g, botte
as he walde schewe yt me and fylle me with mynde as I hadde
desyrede before.
   My modere that stode emangys othere and behelde me lyftyd    #
vppe
hir hande before me face to lokke myn eyen, for sche wenyd I
had bene dede or els I hadde dyede. And this encresyd mekille
my sorowe, for nou+gtwithstandynge alle my paynes, I wolde      #
nou+gt
hafe been lettyd for loove that I hadde in hym. And to whethere
in alle this tyme of crystes presence I felyd no payne
botte for cristes paynes, +tan thou+gt me I knewe [{ful         #
lytylle{]
whate payne it was that I askyd. For me thought that my paynes
passede any bodylye dede; I thou+gt, "Es any payne in helle
lyke this payne?" And I was aunswerde in my resone that         #
dyspayre
ys mare for that es gastelye payne. Bot bodilye payne
es nane mare than this: howe myght my payne [{be more{] than to
see hym that es alle my lyfe, alle my blys, & alle mye
ioye suffy[{r? Here{] felyd I sothfastlye that y lovede criste
so mekille abouen myselfe that me thought it hadde beene a
<P 55>
grete eese to me to hafe dyede bodylye.
   Hereyn I sawe in partye the compassyon of oure ladye saynte
Marye, for criste & scho ware so anede in loove that +te        #
gretnesse
of hir loove was the cause of the mykillehede of hir
payne. For so mykille as scho lovyd hym mare than alle othere,
her payne passed alle othere, and so alle his disciples & alle
his trewe lovers suffyrde paynes mare than thare awne bodelye
dying. For I am sekyr be myn awne felynge that the leste of
thame luffed [{hym{] mare than thaye dyd thamselfe.
   Here I sawe [{a{] grete anynge betwyx criste and vs, for     #
when
he was in payne, we ware in payne, and alle creatures that
myght suffyr payne soffyrde with hym. And thaye that knewe
hym nou+gt, this was thare payne, that alle creatures, sonne &
the mone, withdrewe thare seruyce, and so ware thaye alle
lefte in sorowe for the tyme. And thus thaye that lovyd hym
sufferde payne for luffe, & thay that luffyd hym nought         #
sufferde
payne for faylynge of comforthe [{of alle{] creatures.
   In this tyme I walde hafe lokyd besyde the crosse botte I
durste nou+gt, for I wyste wele whilys I lukyd vppon the crosse
I was sekyr and safe. Therfore I walde nought assente to
putte my sawle in perille, for besyde the crosse was na         #
syekernesse,
botte vglynesse of feendes. Than hadde I a profyr
in my resone as +gyf it hadde beene frendelye. I[{t{] sayde to
me, "Luke vppe to heven to his fadere". Than sawe I wele,
with the faythe that y felyd, that thare ware nathynge betwyx
the crosse & heuen that myght hafe desesyd me, and othere me
behovyd loke vppe or els aunswere. I answerde & sayde, "Naye,
I may nought, for thowe erte myne heuen". This I sayde for I
walde nou+gt, for I hadde levyr hafe bene in that payne to
domysdaye than hafe comen to hevene otherewyse that be hym.
For I wyste wele he that bought me so sare schulde vnbynde me
when he walde.
<P 56>
   Thus chese I Ihesu for my heuen wham I [{saw{] onlye in      #
payne
at that tyme. Me lykede no nothere hevene than Ihesu
whilke schalle be my blysse when I am thare. And this has
euer beene a comforthe to me, that I chesyd Ihesu to my hevene
in alle [{this{] tyme of passyon and of sorowe; and that has
beene a lernynge to me, that I schulde euermare do so and chese
anly hym to my heuen, in wele and in wa. And thus sawe I my
lorde Ihesu langoure lange tyme, for the anynge of the godhede
for love gafe strenght to the manhede to suffyr mare than alle
men myght. I mene nought anly mare payne anly than alle men
myght suffyr, bot a[{lso{] that he suffyrde mare payne than     #
alle
men that euer was fra the fyrste begynnynge to the laste daye.
   No tonge maye telle, ne [{herte fully{] thynke, the paynes   #
that
oure savyoure sufferde for vs, haffande rewarde to the          #
worthynes
of the hyest worschipfulle kynge and to the schamefulle,
dyspyttous & paynfulle dede. For he that was hieste & worthyest
was fullyest noghthede & witterlyest dyspyside. Botte the
loue that made hym to suffere alle this, itt passes als fare
alle his payns as heuen es abouen erthe. For the paynes was
a dede done in a tyme be the wyrkynge of love, botte luffe
was withowtyn begynnynge, & es and evere schalle be withowtyn
any ende.
   And sodaynlye, me behaldande in the same crosse, he          #
chaunchede
into blysfulle chere: the chawngynge of his chere chaungyd
myne, and I was alle gladde & mery as yt was possybille. Than
brought oure lorde merelye to my mynde, "Whate es any poynte
of thy payne or of +ty grefe?" And I was fulle merye.

[} [\XII\] }]

   Than sayde oure lorde, askande, "Arte thou wele payde that I
suffyrde for the?" "+Ga, goode lorde", quod I. "Gramercy
goode lorde, blissyd mut thowe be". "+Gyf thowe be payede",
<P 57>
guod oure lorde, "I am payede. It es a ioye and a blysse and
ane endlesse, lykynge to me that euer y suffyrde passyon for
the, for +gyf I myght suffyr mare, I walde suffyr".
   In this felynge myne vndyrstandynge was lyftyd vppe into     #
heuen,
and thare I sawe thre hevens of the whilke syght I was gretlye
merveylede, and thought, "I sawe thre hevens, and alle
of the blessyd manhede of cryste; and nane is mare, nane is
lesse, nane is hiare, nane is lawere, botte evene like in 
blysse".
   For the fyrste heuen schewed criste me his fadere, bot in na
bodelye lyknesse, botte in his properte and in his lykynge.
The wyrkynge of the fadere it is this: that he gyffes mede
tille his sone Ihesu criste. This gyfte and this mede is so
blysfulle to Ihesu that [{his{] fadere myght haffe gyffene na
mede that myght hafe likede hym bettere. For the first heuen,
that is blissynge of the fadere, schewed to me as a heuen, and
itt was fulle blysfulle. For he is fulle blyssede with alle
the dedes that he has done abow+gte oure saluacyon, wharefore
we ere nought anely his thurgh byingge, botte also be the       #
curtayse
gyfte of his fadere. We ere his blysse, we er his mede,
we er his wyrschippe, we er his crowne.
   This that I saye is soo grete blysse to Ihesu that he settys
atte nought his travayle, and his harde passion, and cruelle
and schamefulle dede. And in this wordes: +gyf I myght suffyr
mare, I walde suffyr mare, I sawe sothly that +gif he myght dye
als ofte als fore euerilke man anes that schalle be safe as he
dyed anes for alle, love schulde neuer late hym hafe reste to
he hadde done it. And when he hadde done it, he walde sette
it atte nought for luff, for alle thynge hym botte litylle
in regarde of his love. And that schewed he me wele             #
[{sobarly{] ,
sayande this worde: +gyffe I myght suffere mare. He sayde
nought, +gif it ware nedfulle to suffyr mare, botte +gif I      #
myght
suffyr mare. For thow+g it be nought nedefulle and he myght
suffyr mare, mare he walde. This dede and this werke abowte
oure saluacyon was als wele as he myght ordayne it, it was
<P 58>
done als wyrschipfullye as cryste myght do it. And in this I
sawe a fulle blysse in cryste, botte this blysse schulde nought
hafe bene done fulle +gyf it myght any bettere hafe bene done
+tan it was done.
   And in this thre wordes, It is a ioye, a blysse, and ane     #
endeles
likynge to me, ware schewed to me thre hevens as thus: for
the ioye I vndyrstode the plesaunce of the fadere; for the
blysse, the wirschippe of the sone; and for the endeles         #
lykynge,
the haly gaste. The fadere is plesed, the sone ys worschippyd,
the haly gaste lykes. Ihesu wille that we take heede to this
blysse that is in the blyssedfulle trinite of oure saluacion,
and that we lyke als mekylle with his grace whyles we
er here. And this was schewyd me in +tis worde: Erte +tow wele
payed?
   Be the tothere worde that cryste sayde, +gyf +tou be payed   #
I am
payd, he schewed me the vndyrstandynge as +gyf he had sayde:
It is ioye and lykynge enough to me, and I aske nought els
for my travayle botte that I myght paye the. Plentyuoslye and
fully was this schewyd to me. Thynke also wyselye of the        #
gretnesse
of this worde: That euer I suffred passion for the, for
in that worde was a hye knawynge of luffe and of lykynge that
he hadde in oure saluacion.

[} [\XIII\] }]

   Fulle merelye and gladlye oure lorde lokyd into his syde and
behelde and sayde this worde, "Loo, how I lovyd the", as +gyf
he hadde sayde: My childe, +gyf thow kan nought loke in my      #
godhede, 
see heere howe I lette opyn my syde, and my herte be clovene
in twa, and lette oute blude and watere alle +tat was thareyn.
And this lykes me, and so wille I that it do the. This
schewed oure lorde me to make vs gladde and mery.
   And with the same chere and myrthe he loked downe on the     #
ryght
syde and brought to my mynde whare oure ladye stode in the
tyme of his passion, and sayde, "Wille thowe see hir?" And
<P 59>
I aunswerde and sayde, "+Ga goode lorde, gramercy, +gyf it be
thy wille". Ofte tymes I prayed it, and wened to haffe sene
here in bodely lykenes, botte I sawe hir nought soo. And
Ihesu in +tat worde schewed me a gastelye syght of hire. Ryght
as I hadde before sene hire litille and sympille, ryght so he
schewed here than, hye and nobille and gloriouse and plesaunte
to hym abouen alle creatures.
   And so he wille that it be knawyn that alle tha that lykes   #
in
hym schulde lyke in hire, and in the lykynge that he hase in
hire, and scho in hym. And in that worde that Ihesu sayde:
Wille +tou see hire? me thought I hadde the maste lykynge that
he myght hafe gyffen me, with the gastelye schewynge that he
gafe me of hire; for oure lorde schewed me nothynge in          #
specyalle
botte oure lady saynte Marye, and here he schewyd me in
thre tymes. The fyrste was as sche consayved, the seconde was
as scho were in hire sorowes vndere the crosse, and the thryd
as scho is nowe: in lykynge, wirschippe, and ioye.
   And eftyr this oure lorde schewyd hym to me mare gloryfyed   #
as
to my syght than I sawe hym before, and in this was I lered
that ilke saule contemplatyfe to whilke es gyffen to luke and
seke god schalle se hire and passe vnto god by contemplacion.
And eftyr this techynge, hamelye, curtayse, and blysfulle and
verray lyfe, ofte tymes oure lorde Ihesu sayde to me, "I it am
that is hiaste. I it am that +tou luffes. I it am that thowe
lykes. I it am that +towe serves. I it am +tat +tou langes. I   #
it
am that +towe desyres. I it am that thowe menes. I it am +tat
is alle. I it am that haly kyrke preches the and teches the.
I it am that schewed me are to the". Thies wordes I declare
nought botte for ilke man, eftyr the grace that god gyffes hym
in vndyrstandynge and lovynge, resayfe tham in oure lordes
menynge.
   And eftyr, oure lorde brought vnto my mynde the langynge     #
that
I hadde to hym before. And I sawe that nathynge letted me
bot syn; and so I behelde generallye in vs alle, and me         #
thought,
"+Gyf syn hadde nought bene, we schulde alle hafe bene clene    #
and
lyke to oure lorde, as he made vs". And thus in my folye,       #
before
this tyme, ofte I wondrede why, be the grete forseande
<P 60>
wysdome of god, syn was nought lettede, for than thought me
that alle schulde hafe bene wele. This styrrynge was mekylle
to forsayke, and mournynge and sorowe I made therfore withoutyn
resone and dyscrecion, of fulle grete pryde.
   Neuerthelesse Ihesu in this vision enfourmede me of alle     #
that
me neded. I saye nought that me nedes na mare techynge, for
oure lorde, with the schewynge of this, hase lefte me to haly
kyrke; and I am hungery and thyrstye and nedy and synfulle
and freele, & wilfully submyttes me to the techynge of haly
kyrke, with alle myne euencrysten, into the ende of my lyfe.
He aunswerde be this worde and sayde, "Synne is behouelye".
In this worde, Synne, oure lorde brought to my mynde            #
generallye 
alle that is nought goode: the schamefulle dyspyte and
the vtter noghtynge that he bare for vs in this lyfe and in
his dyinge, and alle the paynes and passyons of alle his        #
creatures,
gastelye and bodelye. For we ere alle in party noghted,
and we schulde be noghted folowande oure maister Ihesu to we
be fulle purgede, that is to say to we be fully noghted
of oure awne dedely flesche, and of alle oure inwarde           #
affeccion[{s{]
whilke ere nought goode.
   And the behaldynge of this, with alle the paynes that euer
ware or euer schalle be, a[{lle{] this was schewed me in a toch
and redely passed ouere into comforth, for oure goode lorde
god walde noght that the saule ware afferdede of this vglye
syght. Bott I sawe noght synne, fore I lefe it has na manere
of substaunce, na partye of beynge, na it myght nought be       #
knawen
bot be the paynes that it is cause of. And this payne, it
is sumthynge as to my syght, for a tyme: for it purges vs and
makes vs to knawe oureselfe and aske mercy.
   For the passion of oure lorde is comforth to vs agaynes alle
this, and so is his blyssyd wille. To alle that schalle be
saffe, he comfortes redely and swetlye be his wordes, and says,
"Botte alle schalle be wele, and alle maner of thynge schalle
be wele". Thyes wordes ware schewed wele tenderlye, schewande
<P 61>
na ma[{ne{]re of blame to me, na to nane that schalle be safe.
Than were it a grete vnkyndenesse of me to blame or wondyr of
god for my synnes, syn he blames not me for synne. Thus I
sawe howe cryste has compassyon of vs for the cause of synne,
and ryght as I was before with the passyon of cryste fulfilled
with payne and compassion, [{lyke in +tis I was in party fyllyd
with compassion{] of alle myn euencristene; and than sawe I
that ylke kynde compassyone that man hase of his evencristene
with chartye, +tat it is criste in hym.

[} [\XIV\] }]

Bot in this +ge schalle studye: behaldande generallye,          #
dredelye,
& mournande, sayande thus to oure lorde in my menynge
with fulle grete drede, "A, goode lorde, howe myght alle be
wele for the grete harme that is comon by synne to thy          #
creatures?"
And I desired as I durste to hafe sum mare open declarynge
wharewith I myght be hesyd in this. And to this oure
blyssede lorde aunswerde fulle mekelye and with fulle lovelye
chere, and schewed me that Adames synne was the maste harme
that euer was done or ever schalle to the warldes ende, and
also he schewed me that this is opynly [{knawyn{] in alle haly
kyrke in erthe. Forthermare he lered me that I schulde behalde
the gloriouse asethe, for this aseth-makynge is mare
plesande to the blissede godhede and mare wyrschipfulle to
mannes saluacion withowtene comparyson than euer was the
synne of Adam harmfulle.
   +Tanne menes oure lorde blyssede thus in this techynge,
that we schulde take hede to this: "For sen I hafe made
wele the maste harme, it is my wille that +towe knawe +terby
that I schalle make wele alle that is the lesse". He gaffe
me vndyrstandynge of twa partyes. The ta party is oure saviour
and oure saluacion. This blyssed party is opyn and
clere and fayre and lyght and plentious, for alle mankynde
that is of goode wille or +tat schalle be es comprehendyd in
<P 62>
this partye. Hereto ere we byddyn of god and drawen and         #
consayled
and lered inwardlye be the haly gaste & outwarde by
haly kyrke by the same grace. In this wille oure lorde that
we be occupyed, enioyande in hym, for he enioyes in vs. And
+te mare plentyuouslye that we take of this with reuerence and
mekenesse, the mare we deserve thanke of hym and the mare spede
to oureselfe. And thus maye we saye, enioyande, Oure parte
is oure lorde.
   The tother parte is spared fro vs and hidde, that is to      #
saye,
alle that is besyde oure saluacion. For this is oure lordys
prive consayles [{& it langes to +te ryalle lordeschyp of god
for to haue his prive consayles{] in pees, and it langes to his
seruauntys for obedyence and reuerence nought to wille witte
his councelle. Oure lorde has pite and compassyon of vs for
that sum creatures makes tham so besy +teryn, and I am sekyr
+gyf we wyste howe mekille we schulde plese hym and ese         #
oureselfe
for to lefe it, we walde. The sayntes in heuen wille
nathynge witte bot that oure lorde wille schewe thame, and
also there charyte and +ter desyre is rewlyd eftyr the wille
of oure lorde. And +tus awe we to wille ne to be lyke to hym,
and than schalle we nathynge wille ne desyre botte the wille
of oure lorde, as he does, for we er alle ane in goddys         #
menynge.
And here was I lered that we schalle anely enioye in
oure blissid sauiour Ihesu & trist in hym for alle thynge. 



<B CMHILTON>
<Q M3/4 IR RELT HILTON>
<N EIGHT CHAPTERS>
<A HILTON WALTER>
<C M3/4>
<O 1350-1420>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HILTON, WALTER.
WALTER HILTON'S EIGHT CHAPTERS ON PERFECTION.
ED. F. KURIYAGAWA.
TOKYO: THE KEIO INSTITUTE OF CULTURAL
AND LINGUISTIC STUDIES, 1967. 
PP. 1.1 - 33.2^]

<P 1>
[} [\CHAPTER I\] }]

[}OF TOKENYNGIS AND WORCHYNGIS OF LOUE.}]

   The firste tokene of loue is, +tat +te louier submytte
fully his wille to +te wille of him +tat he loue+t. And
+tis special loue ha+t +tre worchyngis.
   The first is, if +tat he +tat is loued be symple and
pore, meke and in dispiit, +tanne he +tat loue+t, coueiti+t
to be viile, pore and meke, and to be in repref, liik to
<P 2>
him +tat he loue+t.
   The secunde is, +tat it maki+t man to leue al maner
affeccioun or frendschip +tat is contrarie to +tis loue, and
so it maki+t him forsake fadir and modir and alle o+tere
affecciouns, in as myche as +tei ben contrarie to +te wille
of hym +tat he loue+t.
   The +tridde is, +tat +ter is no-+ting hid in +tat oones
herte, +tat he ne wole schewe it to +tat o+ter; and +tis is
a special tokene of hi+g loue bitwene ii. persones, and +tis
is +te fulfillyng of +tese o+tere wirchyngis bifore-seid.       #
Forwhi
+toru +tis schewyng of priuytees, her hertis ben
openyd so, +tat +tei ben togidere moore perfi+gtly bounde.

[} [\CHAPTER II\] }]

[}OF WITHDRAWYNGE OF DEUOCIOUN; HOW A MAN SCHAL DO.}]

   If +tou wilt contynuely styen up to perfeccioun and
in +te wey of God which +tou art entrid, euere perfi+gtly
<P 3>
moore and moore encreesse fro vertu to vertu. And
+tou schalt neuere praie +te lasse, whanne grace of
deuocioun is wi+tdrawe, and temptaciouns and tribulaciouns
comen upon +te, +tan whanne +tou hast grace
of deuocioun withoute temptacioun. But +tanne is moost
acceptable and moost quaemeful to God: whanne in
wi+tdrawinge of deuocioun +tou art in tribulacioun and
in discunfort, and +git +tou preiest neuere +te lesse; neuere
+te lesse wakist and neuere +te lesse +tou doost alle o+tere
gode deedis. +Terfore do +tou +ti-silf alle +te gode deedis
wi+t-oute deuocioun, +te whiche +tou didist bifore with
deuocioun. Wherfore, if +tere come sumtyme temptaciouns
and tribulaciouns +te whiche ben ordeyned for to ponesche 
and for to clense Goddis children, and deuocioun be
<P 4>
wi+tdrawe, strenk+te +tee +tanne not +te lesse for to praie,
ne to wake, ne to faste, and not +te lesse in o+tere gode
werkis for to stonde. So +tat +toru contynuaunce in
praieris wi+t +te teris of +tin i+gen unceessably excercisen
+tee, +tat +tou my+gt, as it were, constreyne God to +geue
+tee feruour and heete of holy deuocioun.
   Whoso wil be perfi+gt and lyue aftir +tis chapitil, do
as Catoun sei+t: (\'Cum recte uiuas, ne cures verba             #
malorum'\) .
Do +tou +tat longi+t to +tee, and +ti loued dere
Iesu Crist schal wel do +tat perteyne+t to him.
   Preier +tat is maad with greet enforsynge, whanne
+te slou+g flesch wolde be vnlusty, is to God acceptable.
For-whi it dryue+t +ti loued Iesu for to +geelde and for
to eche to +tee grace and deuocioun, and in temptacioun
greet profi+gt.
   Preye +tanne contynuely if +tou wilt purchace +te
<P 5>
grace of deuocioun, and for to profi+gten in +te wey of
Crist. And for no tribulacioun and for no temptacioun,
leue neuere praier, nei+ter in wirchinge of worldli 
werk, ne+ter in bedde ne+ter out of bedde, in cumpanye
ne+ter solitarie. For if +tou be in tribulacioun e+ter
temptacioun and praieste lastyngly, grace and deuocioun
schal be echid. And now cunfort schal be +gouun of
Iesu Crist +ti loue vnto +tee. And +tou+g +te feend putte
in +tin herte, +tat it is nou+gt +tat +tou praiest, dispise
and diffye hym wi+t mou+t and herte and euere praie. 
And +te moore +tat +ti tribulacioun and +tin affliccioun
is, +te moore schal be +ti cunfort whanne grace and
deuocioun is +gouun to +tee. Praie +tanne contynuely
redynge in +te book of liif, +tat is in +te liif of Iesu
Crist, +te which was pouerte, mekenes, sorowe, dispiit,
affliccioun and so+tfast obedience. And whanne +tou art
wel entrid in-to +tis wey, +tanne manye temptacyouns
and tribulaciouns of +te feend, of +te world and of +te
flesch, schal in manye a wise disese +tee, and hugely
<P 6>
turmente +tee and discunforte +tee. But if +tou wilt
ouercome al, stilly praie, and pacientli abide +ti loued
Iesu Crist. And He schal soone sende +tee help and
cunfort vnspeicable, +tat no tunge may telle how myche
it is. Whanne +tou art turmentid with tribulacioun or
wi+t temptacioun, vse also ofte wi+t +ti praier confessioun,
in +te which +tou schalt schewe, with al +te contricioun of
+tin herte to +ti confessour enteerli and pleynly, alle +te
woundis of +ti conscience moore and lesse, as ferfor+t as
+tou woldist schewe hem to +tin owne aungel, if he be a 
wiis and a discreet and louynge leche, to ley to +ti
woundis helinge medicyns, and ellis not. And in +tis
maner it is a souereyn medicyn to putte alle temptaciouns
and tribulaciouns awey, and for to purchace
myche grace of Goddis cunfort. For-whi +te feend +tat
is ful of pride, may not suffre +te mekenes of pure
confessioun, ne +te feruour of contynuel orisoun. +Toru
whiche werkis specially, oure swete Lord Iesu Crist is,
as it were, +toru violence drawen in-to a louynge soule,
and so constreyned for to cunforte it. Sette +tanne al
<P 7>
+ti studie and +ti bisynes for to make redy a place and
a priuy chaumbir to +ti Lord Iesu Crist +ti spouse in +ti
soule, by swete meditacioun, bi contynuel orisouns, and
by meke confessyouns, +tat +te leest hour of +ti tyme be
not for+gete, in +te which +tou hast offendid +ti wor+ti Lord
and loued Iesu Crist. For +toru +tese +tre forseid werkis,
meditacioun, orisoun and confessyuon, manye a man
come+t to restful clennes of conscience. But be-war
+tat +tou +toru recheleeschip +geue no place to +tin
enemyes, contynuely bisegynge +tee, and +tat +tou doost
whanne for vanyte or for idilnes +tou leuest +ti praiers.
   +Terfore +te moore +tou art temptid and trauelid, +te
moore stably dwelle in praier. And leue it not li+gtli,
but for feblenes of +ti brayn. For-whi +tat feblenes of
brayn wole sumtyme falle, of vnmesurable contynuaunce
in praier, or in wakynge, or exces in fastynge.
<P 8>
And +tanne is it good to stynte awhile. For-whi Seynt
Jerom sei+t: 'He erri+t not a litil but myche, +tat preferri+t
+te lesse good to +te moore good'; as he doo+t +tat
setti+t moore priis by fastyng +tan bi deedis of charite;
and he +tat setti+t wakyng bifore hoolynes of brayn, of
witt and of resoun. And he also erri+t greetli, +tat bi
vnmesurable and vndiscreet seyinge or synginge of
salmes or ympnys, falli+t in-to fransye or in-to woodnes,
or in-to bittir heuynes. +Terfore it is good +tanne for 
to stynte fro multitude of wordis, and +tinke oonli in
+tin herte as esily as +tou maist. And so +toru vertu of
contynuel preier vsid, what in mou+t, what in herte,
schaltow be delyuerid and esid of +ti temptaciouns.
   By countynuaunce in preier, is li+gt of grace +goun to
a soule, +te which cleri+t +te conscience, and setti+t it
groundly in a depe so+tfast mekenes. And +toru
contynuel lokynge and redynge on +te book of liif, +tat
<P 9>
is on +te blessid persoone Iesu Crist and on his liif, is
+te soule rootid and groundid in pacience and in charite.
For-whi in +tat lokyng may +tou be tau+gt and enfoormyd,
of al +tat +tee nedi+t for to knowe. And +toru +tat +tou
schalt mow haue sich pacience, +tat +tou schalt wilne to
resseyue gladli al maner tribulaciouns and dissesis as
for a greet cunfort. For-whi +toru hem +tou schalt feele
and se +ti-silf, sumwhat liik to +ti Lord Iesu Crist him
+tat +tou louest. +Ghe, +tou schalt holde +ti-silf so viil
and so vnwor+ti in Goddis si+gt, +tat it is no dissese to
+tee what-so-euere +tou maist suffre. For-whi wi+t-oute
comparisoun, he suffride moore for +tee. Na+telees, +git
schalt +tou triste and hope, +tat as +tou art felawe with
him in peyne and in dissese, litil if it be, so schalt +tou
be felawe with him in his ioie and in his blis. For as +te
apostil sei+t: 'If we ben felawes of Cristis passiouns,
we schulen be felawes of hise blessid consolaciouns.'
<P 10>
   Wherfore it seeme+t +tat +tere is no more dignyte ne
wor+tines +tat a man mai come to, +tan for to haue
tribulacioun for Cristis loue. By +te which a man is
maad Cristis felawe here in +tis liif, and in +te blis of
heuene withouten eende. Amen.

[} [\CHAPTER III\] }]

[}OF PERELS +TAT BEN TO ESCHEWE TO A GOOSTLY MAN.}]

   Be-war +tat +tou +geue not +ti-silf ne +ti ful affeccioun,
ne +ti ful hoomly frendschip to no persoone, but if +tou
haue resseyued first +te +gift and +te spirit of discrecioun.
Bi +te which +tou maist knowe fro which +tou schalt fle,
and which +tou schalt drawe to. Vnto +te tyme +tou
come to +tis, kepe +tee euere playn and comown, to ech
a man half straunge, sauynge euere +te boond of charite.
Also be-war speciali of hem +tat han swete plesynge
<P 11>
wordis in her spekyngis, and haue noon holynes in vertu
ne swetnes in herte, but a liknes of holynes oonli in +te
tunge, and in +te abyte: +tese +tat schewen of hem-silf,
and auaunten hem-silf of visyouns e+ter of reuelaciouns,
or of qweynte maner feelyngis, or of synguler doingis
or wittis, or vndirstondyngis ouere o+tere men, +toru
whiche +tei ben greetli preisid and worschipid of hem
+tat +tei speken to. For siche manere of men ben oftetymes
grynes of disseitis to hem +tat ben not wise.
   First avise +tee of hem, and loke hem and bringe hem
in +ti mynde to +te presence of Iesu Crist; as if +tou
woldist take a +ting out of a derk place for to knowe
what it is; and ley it and loke it in +te li+gt. Ri+gt so
Iesu Crist is li+gt; and +tere schal be no li+gt but of
grace; ne of so+tfastnes, but he and in hym. And +terfore
<P 12>
siche manere of men and alle o+tere, +ghe, and +ti-silf
with hem, bringe in-to +ti praiers and in +ti mynde
to Iesu Crist. And +tere schulen +tei be seen what +tei
ben; +tere schulen +tei be tryed. +tere schalt +tou +toru
biholdyng of hym and of his liif, se who is liik to him
and who is vnliik to him. But +git be-war +tat +tou deeme
not a man fully what he is aftir +ti si+gt, but al come+t
as a +ting vncerteyn in +te priuyte of Goddis doom.
Na+telees +tou maist bi +tat si+gt of Cristis liif, folowe
and rule +tin owne conscience in +tis poynt: whom +tou
schalt folowe, and whom reffuse, and wi+t whom +tou
maist ben hoomly, and with whom +tou schalt be strange.
And +tat maner of deemynge is bihoueful to +tee.
   Also bewar of feruours, as if +tou feele +te spirit of
feruour greetli fallen upon +tee, +tinke firste and avise
+tee wel, eer +tat +tou folowe fully it in worchinge, what
is +te bigynnyng of it, and where-of it is causid, and
<P 13>
+tinke on +te myddil, and also what eende wole folowe of
it. And +tanne sue it as myche as +tou may vndirstonde
it bi grace and counceil and by Holi Writ, +tat it
is accordynge to so+tfast vertu of discrecioun, and to +te
liif of Crist. +Tou schalt make +ti myrrour, +ti rule and
+ti saumpler, for to doon aftir it. And +tis liif of Crist
schaltow moore rewarden aftir +te inward vertu of Crist,
+tan aftir +te vttir tokenes of his techyng.
   And +git also be-war of hem +tat seyen hem-silf han
gete +te spirit of fredom, and +tat +tei han so myche
grace of loue, +tat +tei may lyue as hem lust. +Tei +tinken
hem so fre and so siker, +tat +tei schulen not synne.
+Tei maken hem-silf aboue +te lawe of Holy Chirche, and
+tei seyen +tus as Seynt Poul seyde: 'Where +te spirit of
God is, +tere is fredom'. And also +tus: 'If +ge ben lad
with +te spirit, +ge ben not vndir +te lawe'. But +tei meene
not as Poule mente; +tei vndirstonde not hise wordis.
<P 14>
   These men ben expresly a+geins +te lawe and liif of
Crist. For-whi Crist +tat was maad fre, made him-silf
+tral for us. And whanne he was aboue +te lawe as
maker and +geuer of it, +git he made him buxum vndir
+te lawe. Of +tese men speki+t Seynt Petir +tus: '+Tei
biheeten to o+tere men fredom of spirit, and +tei hem-silf
ben +trallis in synne and seruauntis of fleischli corrupcioun.

[} [\CHAPTER IV\] }]

[}OF DEGREES BY WHICHE A SOULE PASSI+T FOR+T IN-TO              #
CONTEMPOLACIOUN.}]

   The first degre is in teris, and in si+ghynge and in
sorowe for synnes, in compunccioun and compassioun of
Cristis passyoun, and in partie-feelynge of dissese, and
of wrecchidnes of his euen Cristen, and in strong stryuynge
a+gens al maner vicis, as a+geins alle wickide werkis,
wickide wordis and wickide willis and +tou+gtis; wi+t
<P 15>
myche peyne, wi+t soore swynche of bodi and of soule
for to a+geinstonde hem.
   The secunde degre is, greet feruour and brennynge
desier with contynuaunce of praier, for to plese Iesu
Crist, for to loue him with al +tin herte and alle +ti
my+gtis, and for to fele cunfort of his gracious presence.
And +tis brennynge desier, wole clense +te conscience fro
al rust of synne; bo+te of +tat +tat is bifore doon, and
of +tat +tat he ech day falli+t ynne. And +tis werk is of
greet trauel, and with wondirful bisynes, a litil temprid
with rest among.
   The +tridde degre is a staat of wondirful swetnes and
softnes, and of gladnes, of reste and of cleernes. For
in +tat come+t +te grace of +te Holy Goost doun in-to a 
soule. And +tanne it li+gtne+t and purgi+t so +te soule, +tat
it is al as i+ge. And it anoynti+t +te soule with oyle of
<P 16>
goostli gladnes, and turne+t it al in-to charite of Crist;
so +tat it +tinki+t +tat alle +te lymes of +te bodi and al +te
makyng of +tis with alle +te creaturis, is as a melody of
+te harpe. And +tanne aftir +tis, is +te soule sumdeel able
to goostli clippyngis of Iesu Crist +tat is her swete spouse.
   The iiij. degre is in souereyn reste of bodi and of
soule. And +tat is, whanne a man is deed and biried to
+te world and to +te flesch, and slepi+t in pees of conscience
and resti+t with-oute strogelynge of veyn +tou+gtis,
euere contynuely in oure Lord Iesu Crist.
   +Te v. degre is, whanne a man bigynne+t for to taaste
so+tfastly +te errnes of eendelees ioie; and is reisid up
to +te biholdyng of heuenli +tingis. And, +tanne feeli+t and
perseyue+t he a glymerynge of heuenly blis. And +tanne
see+t he sumwhat of aungels and of blessid soulis; and
how +tat alle illumynaciouns and alle gracis of charyte
and of goodnes, descenden out of +te blessid Trynyte
vnspeccable, in-to Iesu Crist man; and how of +te glorious
<P 17>
manheed of Crist, stremen out alle gracis of li+gt
and of loue in-to aungels, and in-to holi soulis, and fro
hem comen doun in-to us. And +tanne is a man maad
able to reuelaciouns and contemplaciouns of Iesu Crist.

[} [\CHAPTER V\] }]

[}OF PERELS OF HOOLY LOUE.}]

   A man +tat was holde an hi+g lyuer, ofte was axid for
to speke of goostli loue. And +tane he bigan for to
seye +te falseheed, +te perels and +te disseytis, +tat          #
oftsi+tis
fallen in goostly loue. And he seyde: '+Ter is no +ting
in al +te world, nei+ter man ne feend, ne noon o+ter +ting,
+tat I haue so myche suspect as I haue +te affeccioun of
loue; ne +tat I am so soore a-feerd of, but if it be wel
sett. For-whi loue is so passynge a +ting and so cleuynge,
+tat it synki+t deppir in a soule, +tan ony o+tir
+ting may do. And +tere is no +ting +tat so fully occupie+t
and byndi+t and ouer-maistri+t a mannys herte, as doo+t
loue. Wherfore, it is ful hard, whe+ter it be good loue
or badde.
<P 18>
   'And +terfore but if a man or womman haue armour
of discrecioun bi which he may kepe and gouerne his
loue, it wole ellis li+gtly caste doun +te soule, and
make it haue a foule fal. I speke not of fleschly
loue +tat is opinli yuel, +te which owid to be hatid of
alle Cristis louers, as a +ting moost feendly, moost perelous,
and moost contrarie to +te chastite of Cristis loue;
but I speke of good goostli loue, +tat is, and owid to
be, bitwixe God and man, and man and man and man
and womman.
   'For-whi +tat loue +tat a soule ha+t conseyued +toru
grace of Iesu Crist, but if it be ordeyned and rulid
wi+t greet mekenes and with greet discrecioun, and +tat
+te feruour be resonably ordeyned; so+tly or it lasti+t
not, but soone faili+t and vaneschi+t awey, or ellis it
<P 19>
maki+t a man to bigynne summe werkis so ouerpassyngli,
+tat he may not contynue in hem, and so he is
fayn to fle +terfro. 
   'Also +te loue +tat is bitwixe man and man, and man
and womman, as is bitwixe deuoute men and deuoute
wommen, +tat is in God and sett for God; but if it be 
ri+gt wel lokid to and rulid with armeres of discrecioun,
e+ter it turne+t in-to fleschli loue and in-to leccherie,
ei+tir ellis it maki+t myche of her tyme be lost and
wastid, +toru veyn speche, and in her comoun conuersacioun, 
bi chesoun +tat her hertis ben vndiscreetly festnyd
to-gydere in loue.
   'And oftsi+tis falli+t +tat two persoones, be it men or
wommen, louen to-gidere. But speciali moost perelous
it is, whanne man and womman louen togidere with also
good entent as +tei can hemsilf dyuysen. And +tei louen
<P 20>
hem hertly togidere in good maner and in honeste, +tat
hem +tinken +tat +tei wolden neuere departen. And +tei haue
togydere grete affecciouns synguler, for +te goodnes +tat
ech of hem see+t in o+ter. And +tat maki+t ech of hem
to doon o+tere manye seruicis, and grete esynessis. And
what ech of hem doo+t to o+tere, it is al of loue of +te
herte. +Ghe, ouermyche of herte. For hem +tinken +tat
+tei wolden ay be to-gydere. And what-so +tat oon liki+t, 
+tat o+tir liki+t; and what-so myslyki+t +tat oon, mysliki+t
+tat o+tir. +Tus loue is ful perelous, and ful myche
blame-wor+ti +tou+g it seme good; and so myche it is +te
moore perelous, +tat +te perel is not knowe +terof. For-whi
it wole wor+te al in-to +te flesch, but if it be rulid
<P 21>
and gouernyd with armours of discrecyoun.'

[} [\CHAPTER VI\] }]

[}OF PERFI+GT LOUE OF CRIST, WITHOUTE WHICH AL O+TER LOUE IS
SUSPECT.}]

   The best loue and trewist is: whanne a soule is
reisid and li+gtned in-to knowynge of +te beynge of God
in Crist; as whanne +te soule see+t how ech a creature
ha+t his beyng, of him +tat is souereyn being +tat is God,
and it see+t +tat no +ting ha+t so+tfast beinge, but God.
Of +tis knowyng +te soule resseyue+t a wondirful sauour
and a greet vndirstondyng, +tat what-so is of +tat souereyn
beynge it is good, and al +tat he doo+t is best doon.
   +Tis knowyng stiri+t and reisi+t up a loue in +te soule,
answerynge to +tat goostly biholdynge of +te beynge of
Crist. And +tis knowyng maki+t a man to loue alle +tat
han beynge of him, +tat is alle creaturis, resonable and
<P 22>
vnresonable, for his loue +tat +geue+t beynge to alle
creaturis. And specialli it stiri+t +te soule to loue           #
resonable 
creaturis, and moost hem +te whiche it perseyue+t
moost loued of Crist. For as it see+t Iesu Crist enclyned
to +te loue of creaturis, so is it enclynyd. And +tanne is
+te soule tau+gt for to loue creaturis, moore or lasse aftir
+te mesure and +te qualyte of Cristis loue to hem, and
of her loue in-to him. And +te grace of Crist kepi+t +te
soule so in +tat maner, +tat it schal not passe mesure.
   And +terfore, til +tou feele +tis maner loue sadly
groundid in +tin herte +te which is had of +te goostli
knowyng of +te beinge of Crist, holde al +ti loue suspect
and be a-feerd.
   But whanne +tou maist come to +tat poynt, +tat +tou
maist holde +te si+gt of +ti soule on +tis blessid persoone
Iesu Crist, and on his souereyn beynge, stably in wele
and in wo, in ese and in vnese, with-oute greet blenchyng
<P 23>
fro him; +tanne +tat wondirful loue +tat is causid
of +tis knowyng and of +tis biholding, is sufficient for to
a+geinstonde +te venemouse dartis of alle fleschli loues,
and for to put out her malice, fro +te mynde of her
soule.

[} [\CHAPTER VII\] }]

[}OF TRANSFOORMYNGE OF +TE SOULE IN-TO +TE LOUE OF IESU
CRIST.}]

   Ther is +tre maner transfoormynge of +te soule. Oon 
is whanne +te soule is maad meke and buxum to +te wille
of God, so +tat it schapi+t him-silf, in al +tat he may,
for to be liik to him, folowynge hise werkis, and for to
transfigure and turne and haue in it-silf Cristis passioun,
with suffrynge of alle schames and repreues as
Crist suffride, so +tat it hadde leuer be liik to Crist
+toru suffraunce of tribulacioun, +tan for to haue al +te
my+gt of +te world.
   Ano+tir is for to be transfoormyd with God, and +tat
is, whanne his soule is oonyd wi+t Crist, and ri+gt hoomly
<P 24>
with him. And +te soule ha+t +tanne grete feelyngis of 
Cristis loue, and often resseyue+t priuye swetnes of his
inspiracioun, and manye grete cunfortis and delectaciouns.
But +tei ben not +git so grete, +tat +tei ne may
bi +tou+gt and bi wordis ben schewid.
   The +tridde transfoormynge is, whanne Iesu Crist and
a soule ben so parfi+gtli, so vnpartabli and so accordably
oonyd and bounden togidere, +tat Crist is in +te soule
and +te soule is in him, so fully, as if +tei bo+te weren o
spirit, as Seynt Poul sei+t: 'Whoso cleue+t to God, he is
o spirit wi+t him'. +tanne feeli+t +te soule hi+ge +tingis and
pryue of Crist Iesu, and of his Fadir and of his Holi
Spirit. And it tasti+t siche delectaciouns of Cristis charite,
+tat +tei may not fulli be conseyued with +tou+gtis
of mannys resoun, ne declarid for+t wi+t wordis of mannys
tunge.
   The first transfoormynge is not sufficient for to rule 
<P 25>
and gouerne +te affeccioun of mannys herte; ne +te secunde
nei+ter. For-whi +te feruour of +te affeccioun,
whe+tir it be sett actuely in God or in man, is oftsi+tes
my+gtier, moore egre and moore maistirful, +tan is +te
wisdom of discrecioun of +te soule. And +terfore it is
so, +tat +te loue mai snapere and stumble and erre, ei+ter
be ouer-mychil ei+ter ouer-litil. But bi +te +tridde is
helid and +goten in-to +te soule sich a wisdom and sich a 
deep knowynge +toru +tat wondirful medlyng and oonynge
of Cristis li+gt li+gtnynge and of +te soule li+gtned, +tat
+te soule is knowe bi +te spirit of discrecioun how it
schal rule and gouerne +te loue +tat it ha+t in Crist, and 
how it schal resseyue goostli feelyngis and priuy swetnes
and delectaciouns of Crist and how it schal ordeyne,
rule and mesure +te feruours of Cristis loue and
+te visitaciouns of his gracious presence so wiseli and
so priuely and so sobirly, +tat it schal mowe laste esily
<P 26>
and contynuely in +te feelingis and in +te goostli cunfortis
of Cristis loue; not discouerynge it-silf in si+gt of
o+tere men, ne+ter bi lawhynge ne bi sobbynge, ne bi no
queint tokene of berynge of +te body. Also bi +te same
spirit of discrecioun, +te soule is knowe how wysely,
how sobirly, how chastli, how mekely and how louely it
schal haue it-silf a+gens euery Cristen man and womman;
and how gladli and benygnely for to condescende whanne
it see+t tyme, persoone and chesoun whi and whanne it
is for to condescende whanne it see+t tyme to hem.
And whanne he see+t +tat it is not for to condescende to
hem, +tanne wole he not in no wise condescende. But it is
wondur stif, streyt and strong, as a +ting +tat my+gte not
be stirid ne chaungid, ne bowid on no syde. And +te
skil is +tis. God is in him-silf vnchaungeable; and a
<P 27>
soule is vnchaungeable of it-silf. But +tanne, whanne +te
soule is oonyd to Crist bi loue, +te moore +tat it is oonyd
to him, +te moore vnchaungeable it is and +te lasse it
ha+t of vnchaungeablete. For-whi +te wisdom and +te
kunnynge, +te sadnes and +te li+gt of discrecioun +tat +te
soule ha+t bi +te vertu of +tis oonheed in loue, +geue+t +te
soule loue and my+gt, +tat it may with +tese armers rule
+te affeccioun of loue to God and to his euen Cristen with-oute
errour or falsheed.
   And +terfore, he +tat neuere feeli+t +tis +gift of           #
discrecioun
and of wisdom and of grace in his herte, it is
speedful to him +tat he suffre not his affeccioun fully
be bounde to no creature, ne+ter man ne womman, syngulerly
ne priuely ne passyngly, for perels +tat li+gtli
may falle +terof; but +tat he be playn and comown to
alle, and not ful hoomly wi+t noone; til he may +toru +tis
<P 28>
li+gt of discrecioun knowe bi experience, whos conuersacioun
and comownynge he schal fle, as noious to him and
vnprofitable; whos conuersacioun and affeccioun he schal
coueyte, as to him esy and confortable. 

[} [\CHAPTER VIII\] }]

[}HOW GOOSTLY LOUE IS TURNYD IN-TO FLESCHLY LOUE.}]

   It falli+t oftsi+tis +tat a deuoute man loue+t a-no+ter
deuoute man or a deuoute womman in good honest loue
and for God wi+t good entent. And aftirward +tis loue 
encreessi+t so myche bitwene hem, +tat ech of hem disiri+t
+te presence of o+ter vnmesurably. So ferfor+t if +tei
may not haue presence at wille, +tei wexen heuy and
siikli. And sumtyme whanne +tei come to-gydir, her
affeccioun euere wexi+t; so +tat +tei ben moore siikli.
And +tat byndi+t hem to-gidere in-to sich an homely             #
aqueyntaunce
of hertis, +tat what-so +tat oon wil +tat
o+ter wil, and what-so liki+t or mysliki+t +tat oon, liki+t
<P 29>
or myslyki+t +tat o+ter; be it good, be it yuel. And +tis
is ful perelous bitwixe man and womman, whanne +tei
ben bo+te +tus deepli woundid with +te affeccioun of loue.
For-whi whanne her hertis ben +tus homely accordynge
to-gider, nedis +tei mosten schewe outward sumtyme bi
o+tere tokenes +tat seme+t not myche yuel, what +te herte
mene+t. And +tus bi wordis and bi tokenes, whanne
ech of hem schewi+t to o+ter, how wel ech of hem loue+t
o+ter, +tus is +te loue moore encreessid and moore
chaungid fro goostlynes into fleschlynes. But +git +tei ben
bisy for to colouren and to huyde +te flescheli affeccioun
vndir clennes of charite, and of goostli profi+gt, and of
edificacioun of soule. For +tus +tei seyen ech of hem to 
o+ter, +tat +tei meene not but good. And so vndir sikirnes
of +tat meenyng and of +tat fals wenyng, +tei coueiten
<P 30>
ech of hem to handele and fele o+ter, and kisse o+ter.
And +tat seme+t to hem as it were deuocioun and good
loue; but in so+tfastnes it is sleynge of deuocioun and
leccherous loue, and greet hynderynge and harmynge to
+te soule, +tat wolde and schulde feele Cristis loue.
Na+telees in +te bigynnyng her resoun grucchi+t
sumwhat a+gens it; and +te conscience a+gensei+t it ofte.
For-whi +te resoun is not +git +toru customable comownynge,
slayn ne stranglid al fully. But whanne it is 
ofte had in custum sich maner doynge, +tanne is resoun
blindid and stranglid and +te conscience falsly esyd.
So +tat hem +tinke+t +tat +tei may vse siche spekyngis,
lokyngis, touchyngis, handlyngis, kissyngis, and siche
tokenes of fleschli loue with-oute perel. And sumtyme
+tei seyen +tat +tei mown do +tus. And +tou+g it be a 
<P 31>
synne, +git it is no greet synne. And +tus euere bi litil
and litil goostli loue falli+t and die+t; and fleischeli
loue wexi+t and qwikene+t. And after +tis bi proces of
tyme, +te feruour of loue wexi+t so myche, +tat it bynyme+t
away her tungis and alle +te my+gtis of her soule.
So ferfor+t, +tat nei+tir of hem wole a+geinseie o+tere, for
displesynge of e+ter o+ter in ony +ting +tat ne+ter of hem
wole do, +tou+g it were fully deedli synne. And whanne
it is +tus ferfor+t brou+gt, +tanne may ne+ter wordis ne
touchingis, ne handlyngis, ne kissyngis, ne bodili presence,
maken a ful seeth to her loue. And +tanne be
+tei stirid fully to temptacioun of +te feend, for to consente
to +te deede of leccherye, and fulli to perfoorme it,
if +tei my+gten haue leiser.
<P 32>
   And +terfore for as myche as +tis perel may li+gtli 
falle of mysrulinge of loue, +terfore it is good to +te
for to haue suspect and drede in +ti-silf all maner loue,
whanne it is priuely and synguleerly sett in-to ony o
persoone, man or womman. For +tou+g it be first good
and goostly, and bigynne+t in good and goodnes,
na+telees ofte it falli+t, +tat it is aftirward badde and
fleschli, and eendi+t in +te werkis of +te feend. Fro
which loue and perels of loue, +te armours of discrecioun
geten bi +te woundis of Crist in +te maner bifore-seid,
saue us and alle Cristen men and wommen.
Amen.
   (^Here eenden +tese ei+gte chapitris necessarie for men
and wommen +tat +geuen hem to perfeccioun, which
was founden in Maistir Lowys de Fontibus book, and
Maistir Watir Hiltoun, Chanoun of Thurkartoun,
<P 33>
translatide it in-to Englisch tunge, for +te comown
profy+gt.^)  



<B CMROLLBE>
<Q M2/4 IR RELT BEE>
<N BEE AND STORK>
<A ROLLE RICHARD>
<C M2/4>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D NO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ROLLE, RICHARD.
TEXT:  THE BEE AND THE STORK.
A HANDBOOK OF MIDDLE ENGLISH.
ED. F. MOSSE.
TRANSLATED BY J. A. WALKER. 
BALTIMORE: THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1952. 
PP. 231.1 - 232.50^]

<P 231>
[}THE BEE AND THE STORK}]

   The bee has thre kyndis. Ane es, +tat scho es never ydill
and scho es noghte with thaym +tat will noghte wyrke, bot
castys thaym owte and puttes thaym awaye. Anothire es,
+tat, when scho flyes, scho takes erthe in hyr fette, +tat scho
be noghte lyghtly overheghede in the ayere of wynde. The
thyrde es, +tat scho kepes clene and bryghte hire wyngez.
Thus ryghtwyse men +tat lufes God are never in ydyllnes; for
owthyre +tay ere in travayle, prayand or thynkande or redande
or othere gude doande or withtakand ydill mene and schewand
thaym worthy to be put fra +te ryste of heven, for +tay will
noghte travayle. Here +tay take erthe, +tat es, +tay halde
+tamselfe vile and erthely, that thay be noghte blawen with
+te wynde of vanyte` and of pryde. Thay kepe thaire wynges
clene, that es, +te twa commandementes of charyte` +tay fulfill
in gud concyens; and thay hafe othyre vertus unblendyde
with +te fylthe of syne and unclene luste.
   Arestotill sais +tat +te bees are feghtande agaynes hym +tat
will drawe +taire hony fra thaym. Swa sulde we do agaynes
devells +tat afforces tham to reve fra us +te hony of poure
lyfe and of grace. For many are +tat never kane halde +te 
ordyre of lufe ynence +taire frendys, sybbe or fremmede;
bot outhire +tay lufe +taym over mekill, settand thaire thoghte
unryghtwysely on thaym, or +tay luf thaym over lyttill, yf
+tay doo noghte all as +tey wolde till +tam. Swylke kane
noghte fyghte for thaire hony, forthy +te develle turnes it to
wormode, and makes +teire saules oftesythes full bitter in
angwys and tene and besynes of vayne thoghtes and o+ter 
wrechidnes; for thay are so hevy in erthely frenchype, +tat
+tay may noghte flee intill +te lufe of Jhesu Criste, in +te    #
wylke
+tay moghte wele forgaa +te lufe of all creaturs lyfande in     #
erthe.
   Wharefore accordandly Arystotill sais +tat some fowheles
are of gude flyghyng, +tat passes fra a lande to anothire;
<P 232>
some are of ill flyghynge, for hefynes of body, and for +taire
neste es noghte ferre fra +te erthe. Thus es it of thaym +tat
turnes +tam to Godes servys; some are of gude flyeghynge,
for thay flye fra erthe to heven and rystes thayme thare in
thoghte and are fedde in delite of Goddes lufe, and has
thoghte of na lufe of +te worlde; some are +tat kan noghte
flyghe fra +tis lande, bot in +te waye late theyre herte ryste
and delyttes +taym in sere lufes of men and women als +tay
come and gaa, nowe ane and nowe anothire, and in Jhesu
Criste +tay kan fynde na swettnes; or if +tay any tyme fele
oghte, it es swa lyttill and swa schorte, for othire thoghtes   #
+tat
are in thaym, +tat it brynges thaym till na stabylnes; [{f{]or
+tay are lyke till a fowle, +tat es callede strucyo or storke,  #
+tat
has wenges and it may noghte flye for charge of body. Swa
+tay hafe undirstandynge and fastes and wakes and semes
haly to mens syghte; bot thay may noghte flye to lufe and
contemplacyone of God, +tay are so chargede wyth othyre
affeccyons and othire vanyte`s. 



<B CMROLLTR>
<Q M2/4 IR RELT RTREAT>
<N PROSE TREATISES>
<A ROLLE RICHARD>
<C M2/4>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D NO/EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ROLLE, RICHARD.
TEXT: PROSE TREATISES.
ENGLISH PROSE TREATISES OF RICHARD ROLLE
DE HAMPOLE.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 20.
ED. G. G. PERRY. 
LONDON, 1921 (1866).  
PP. 10.5 - 27.5^]

<P 10>
[}VII}]
[}A NOTABILL TRETYS OFF THE TEN COMANDEMENTYS, DRAWEN
BY RICHERDE, THE HERMYTE OFF HAMPULL.}]

   The fyrste comandement es 'Thy Lorde God +tou sall loute,
and til Hym anely +tou sall serue.' In this comandement
es forboden all mawmetryse, all wychcrafte and charemynge, 
the wylke may do na remedy till any seknes of man, 
woman, or beste, For +tay erre +te snarrys of +te deuelle, by   #
+te
whilke he afforces hym to dyssayue mankynde. Alswa in +tis
commandemente es forbodyn to gyffe trouthe till socerye or till
dyuynynge+g by sternys, or by dremys, or by any swylke thynges.
Astronomyenes by-haldes +te daye and +te houre, and +te poynte
+tat man es borne In, and vndyr whylke syngne he es borne,
and +te poynte +tat he begynnes to be In; and by +tire syngnes
and o+ter, +tay saye +tat +tay say that sall be-fall +te man    #
aftyrwarde;
Bot theyre errowre es reproffede of haly doctours. Haly
crosses men sall lowte, For thay are in syngne of Cryste
crucyfiede. To ymages es +te louynge +tat es till thaym of
whaym +taire are +te ymage+g, For +tat Entent anely +taire are  #
for 
to lowte.
   The tothire comandement es '+tou sall noghte take +te name
of God in vayne.' Here is forboden athe with-owtten cheson.
He +tat neuenes God & sweris fals, dispyse[{s{] God. In thre    #
maners
mane may syn in swerynge; That es, if he swere agayne
his concyence, or if he swere be Cryste wondes or blude,
That es euermare gret syn, +tofe it be sothe +tat he sweris,
For it sounes in irreu[{er{]ence of Ihesu Cryste. Also if he    #
com
agaynes his athe, noght fulfilland +tat he has sworne. The nam
<P 11>
of Gode es takyn in vayne one many maners: with herte, with
mouthe, with werke. With herte, takes false crystyn men it in
vayne, +tat rescheyues +te sacrement with-owtten grace in       #
sawle.
With mouthe es it tane in vayne, with all athes brekynge, of    #
new
prechynge +tat es vanyte and vndevocyone; prayere, when we
honour God with oure lyppys, and oure hertys erre ferre fra     #
Hym.
With werke, ypocrittes takes Goddes nam in vayne, For they
feyne gud dede with-owtten, and +tey erre with-owtten, charyte
and vertue and force of sawle to stand agayne all ill           #
styrrynges.
   The thirde commandement es 'Vmbethynke the +tat thow halowe
+ti halydaye.' This commandement may be takyn in thre
maneres. Firste generally, +tat we sesse of all vyces +tat      #
lettys
deuocyone to God in prayenge and thynkynge. The thyrde es
specyall, als in contemplaytyfe men +tat departis +taym fra all
werldly thynges, swa +tat +tey hally gyfe +taym till God. The
fyrste manere es nedfull vs to do; The tothire we awe to do;
The thirde es perfeccyone. For-thi, one +te halydaye, men awe,
als God byddys, to lefe all syn, and do na werke +tat lettis
thaym to gyffe +taire herte to Godd, thatt +tay halowe +te daye
in ryst, and deuocyone, and dedys of charyte.
   The ferthe comandement es 'Honoure thy fadyre and +ti
modyre.' That es, in twa thynges, +tat es, bodyly and gastely.
Bodyly, in sustenance, +tat +tay be helpede and sustaynede in   #
+taire
elde, and when +tay are vnmyghtty of +taym selfe. Gastely, in
reuerence and bouxomnes, +tat +tay say to +tam na wordes of
myssawe, ne vnhoneste, ne of displesance, vnauyssedly, Bot      #
serue
+tam mekely, and gladly and lawlyly, +tat +tay may wyn +tat
Godde hyghte to swylke barnes +tat es laude of lyghte. And if
+tay be dede, thaym awe to helpe +taire sawles with almous      #
dedes
and prayers.
   The fifte commandement es, +tat 'thow slaa na man, nowthire
with assente, ne with werke, ne with worde or fauour.' And also
here es forboden vn-ryghtewyse hurtynge of any person. Thay
are slaers gastely, +tat will noghte feede +te pouer in nede,   #
and
+tat defames men, and +tat confoundes Innocentys.
<P 12>
   The sexte commandement es, 'Thow sall be na lichoure'; +tat
es, thow sall haue na man or woman Bot +tat +tou has taken in
fourme of Haly Kyrke. Alswa here es forboden all maner of
wilfull pollusyone procurede one any maner agaynes kyndly oys
or o+ter-gates.
   The seuende commandement, es 'Thow sall noghte do na 
thyfte.' In the whylke es forboden all manere of withdraweynge
of o+ter men thynges wrangwysely, agaynes +taire
wyll +tat aghte it, Bot if it ware in tyme of maste nede, when  #
all
thynges erre comone. Also here es forboden gillery of weghte
or of tale, or of mett or of mesure, or thorow okyre, or        #
violence,
or drede, als bedells or foresters duse, and mynystyrs of +te
kynge, or thurghe extorcyone, als lordes duse.
   The aughten commandement es, that 'thow sall noghte bere
false wyttnes agaynes thi neghteboure,' als in assys, or cause  #
of
matremoyne. And also lyenges ere forboden in +tis               #
commandement, 
and forswerrynge. Bot all lyenges are noghte dedly syn,
bot if +tay noye till som man bodyly or gastely.
   The nynde commandement es, 'Thow sall noghte couayte +te
hous or o+ter thynge mobill or in-mobill of +ti neghtbour with
wrange,' ne +tou sall noghte hald o+ter mens gude if +tou may
+gelde thaym, elles +ti penance saues +te noghte.
   The tend commandement es, 'Thow sall noghte couayte +ti
neghtebour wyefe, ne his seruande, ne his mayden, ne mobylls
of his.' He lufes God +tat kepis thire commandementes for lufe.
His neghtebour hym awe to lufe als hym selfe, +tat es, till +te
same gude +tat he lufes hym-selfe to, na thynge till ill; and   #
+tat
he lufe his neghtbour saule mare +tan his body, or any gude+g   #
of
+te worlde, (\& cetera. Explicit.\) 

<P 13>
[}VIII}]
[} (\ITEM, IDEM DE SEPTEM DONIS SPIRITUS SANCTI.\) }]
[}ALSO OF THE GYFTES OF THE HALY GASTE.}]

   +Te seuen gyftes of +te Haly Gaste +tat ere gyfen to men and
wymmen +tat er ordaynede to +te Ioye of heuen, and ledys
thaire lyfe in this worlde reghtwysely: - Thire are thay,
Wysdom, Vndyrstandynge, Counsayle, Strenghe, Connynge,
Pete, The drede of God. Begynn we at Consaile, for
+tare-of es myster at the begynnynge of oure werkes, +tat vs
myslyke noghte aftyrwarde. With thire seuen gyftes +te Haly 
Gaste teches sere men serely. Consaile es doynge awaye of
worldes reches, and of all delytes of all thynge+g +tat mane    #
may
be tagyld with in thoghte or dede, and +tat withdrawynge        #
in-till 
contemplacyone of Gode. Vndyrstandynge es to knawe whate
es to doo and whate es to lefe, and +tat that sall be gyffen,   #
to
gyffe it to thaym +tat has nede, noghte till o+ter +tat has na
myster. Wysedome es forgetynge of erthely thynges, and
thynkynge of heuen, with discrecyone of all men dedys. In +tis 
gyfte schynes contemplacyone, +tat es, Saynt Austyn says,
A gastely dede of fleschely Affeccyones thurghe +te Ioye of
Araysede thoghte. Strenghe es lastynge to fullfill gude         #
purpose, 
+tat it be noghte lefte for wele ne for waa. Pete es, +tat a    #
man
be mylde, and gaynesay noghte haly writte when it smyttes his
synnys, whethire he vndyrstand it or noghte, Bot in all his
myghte purge he +te vilte of syn in hym and o+ter. Connynge
es, +tat makes a man of gude, noghte ruysand hym of his         #
reghtewysnes,
bot sorowand of his synnys, and +tat man gedyrs erthely
gude anely to the honour of God, and prow to o+ter men +tan
hym-selfe. The drede of God es, +tat we turne noghte Agayne
till oure syn thurghe any ill eggyng. And +tat es drede perfite
in vs, and gastely, When we drede to wrethe God in +te leste    #
syn 
+tat we kan knawe, and flese it als venym. (\Explicit.\) 

<P 14>
[}IX}]
[} (\ITEM, IDEM DE DILECTACIONE IN DEO.\) }]
[}ALSO OF +TE SAME,
DELYTE AND +GERNYNG OF GODE.}]
[} (\IHESUS, MARIE FILIUS, SIT MICHI CLEMENS & PROPECIUS!       #
AMEN!\) }]

   Gernyng and delite of Ihesu Criste, +tat has na thyng of 
worldes thoghtes, es wondyrfull pure, haly, and faste;
and when a man felis hym in +tat degre, than es a man
Circumsysede gastely. When all o+ter besynes and affeccyons
and thoghtes are drawen away owte of his saule That he may
hafe ryste in Goddes lufe, with-owtten tagillynge of o+ter      #
thynges.
The delyte es wondirfull. It es sa heghe +tat na thoghte may
reche +tar-to to, bryng it doun. It es pure, when it es noghte
blendid with na thynge +tat es contrayrie thare-to. And it es
faste, when it es clene and stabill, delitande by it-selfe.     #
Thre
thynges makes delite in Gode heghe. Ane es, restreynynge of
fleschely luste in compleccionne. Ano+ter es, restreynynge or
repressynge of ill styrrynge and of temptacione in will. The
thirde es, kepynge or hegheynge of +te herte in lyghtenynge of
+te Halygaste, +tat haldis his herte vpe fra all erthely        #
thoghtes,
+tat he sette nane obstakill at the comynge of Criste in-till   #
hym.
Ilkane +tat couaytes endles hele, Be he besy nyghte and daye to
fulfill +tis lare, or elles to Criste+g lufe he may noghte      #
wynn; For
it es heghe, and all +tat it duellis in, it lyftes abown        #
layery lustes
and vile couaytes, and abown all affeccyouns and thoghtes of
any bodily thynge. Twa thynges makes oure delyte pure.
Ane es, ternynge of sensualite to the skyll. For, when any es
tornede to delite of hys fyve wittes, alsonne vnclennes entyrs  #
in-to
his saule. Ano+ter es, +tat +te skyll mekely be vssede in       #
gastely
thynges, als in medytacyons, and orysouns, and lukynge in haly
bukes. For-thy +te delyte +tat has noghte of vnordaynde
styrrynge, and mekely has styrrynge in Criste, and in whilke
+te sensualyte es tournede to +te skyll, all sette and eysede   #
tyll
God, makys a mans saule in ryste & sekirnes, and ay to duell in
<P 15>
gude hope, & to be payede with all Godis sandes with-owtten
gruchynge or heuynese of thoghte+g, (\& cetera. Explicit.\)

<P 15>
[}X}]
[}THE ANEHEDE OF GODD WITH MANNIS SAULE.}]
[\THE HEADING ON LF. 219 BK.\]
   Dere Frende, wit +tou wele +tat +te ende and +te soueraynte
of perfeccione standes in a verray anehede of Godd
and of manes saule by perfyte charyte. This Ende
+tan es verrayly made, whene +te myghtes of +te saule
er refourmede by grace to +te dignyte and +te state of +te
firste condicione, +tat es, whene +te mynde es stablede
sadely, with-owtten changynge and vagacyone, in Godd and
gastely thynges, and when the resone es cleryde fra all worldly
& fleschely behaldynges and Imagycyones, fygours and fantasyes
of creatures, and es illumenede with grace for to be-halde
Godde and gastely thynges, and when +te will and +te affeccyon
es puryfiede and clensede fra all fleschely lustes, kyndely and
werldly lufe, and es enflawmede with brennande lufe of +te Haly
Gaste. Bot +tis wondirfull anehede may noghte be fulfillede
perfytely, contenually, ne hally in +tis lyfe, for corrupcyon   #
of +te
flesche, Bot anely in +te blysse of heuen. Neuer-+te-lattere,   #
+te
nerre +tat a saule in +tis presente lyfe may come to +tis       #
anehede,
+te mare perfite it es, For [{+te mare{] +tat it es refourmede  #
by grace
till +te ymage and +te lyknes of his creatoure here one +tis    #
manere
wyse, +te more Ioy and blysse sall it hafe in heuen. Oure Lorde
Godd es ane Endles beynge with-owtten chaungynge, All-myghtty
with-owtten faylynge, Souerayne wysdome, lyghte, sofastenes
with-owtten errour or myrknes; Souerayne gudnes, lufe, Pees
<P 16>
and swetnes; +tan, +te mare +tat a saule es Anehede, festened,  #
confourmede
& Ioynede to oure Lorde Godd, +te mare stabill it es 
& myghty, +te mare wysse & clere, Gude, peyseble, luffande,
and mare vertuous; and so it es mare perfite. For a saule +tat
haues, by grace of Ihesu, and lange trauayle of bodyly &        #
gastely
excercyse, ouercommen and dystroyede concupyscensand passiouns,
and vnskillwyse styrrynges with-in it-selfe, and with-owtten 
in +te sensualite, and es clede in vertus, - as in mekenes and
myldnes, in pacyence, in sothefastnes, in gastely strenghe and
ryghtewisenes, in contynence, in wysdom, in trouthe, hope, and
charyte, - +tan es it made perfite als it may be in +tis lyfe.  #
Mekill
comforthe it reschayues of oure Lorde, no+gte anely inwardly    #
in 
his preue substance, be +te vertu of +te anehede to oure        #
Lorde, +tat
lyes in knaweynge and lufynge of Godd, in lyghte of gastely
brynnynge of hym, in transfourmynge of +te saule in +te         #
Godhede,
Bot also in many o+ter comforthes, & Sauours, swettnes, and
wondirfull felynges one sere maners. Aftir oure Lorde vouches
safe to vesete his creatours here in erthe, and eftyre +te      #
saule profytes
and waxes in charyte, Some saule (by vertue of charyte +tat
Godd gyffes it) es so clensede, +tat all creaturs, in all +tat  #
he heris
or sese, or felis by any of his wittes, turnes hym till         #
comforthe
and gladnes; and +te sensualite receyues newe savour and        #
swetnes
in all creaturs. And righte als before, +te lykynges in +te     #
sensualite
ware fleschely, vayne, and vecyous, for +te payne of +te        #
orygynalle
synn, righte so nowe +tay ere made gastely, and clene,          #
with-owtten
bitternes and bytynge of concyence. And +tis es +te gudnes of
oure Lorde, +tat, sen +te saule es puneschede in the            #
sensualite, and
+te flesche es partynere of +te payne, That eftirwarde +te      #
saule be
comforthede in hir sensualite, and +te flesche be felawe of     #
+te Ioye
and comforthe with +te saule, noghte fleschely, bot gastely,    #
als he
was felawe in tribulacione and payne. +tis es +te fredom & +te
lordchipe, dygnyte and +te wyrchipe, +tat a manes saule hase    #
ouer
all creaturs; The whylke dygnyte he may receyue by grace here,
+tat ilk a creature sauoure to hym als it es, and +tat es,      #
when by
grace he sese, or he heres, or he felys anely Godd in all       #
creaturs.
<P 17>
One +tis maner wyse a saule es made gastely in +te sensualite   #
by 
abowndance of charite +tat es in +te substance of the saule.    #
Also 
oure Lorde comforthes a saule by Aungells sange. Bot what +tat
sange es, it may noghte [{be{] dyscryuede be no bodyly lyknes,  #
for it
es gastely, and abown all manere of ymagynacyone and mans
reson. It may be perceyuede and felide in a saule, bot it may
noghte be spoken. Neuer-+te-lattere, I speke +tare-of to +te    #
als 
me thynke. When a saule es puryfyede by +te lufe of Godd,
Illumynede by wysedom, stabled by myghte of Godd, Than es +te 
eghe of +te saule opyned to be-halde gastely thynges, as        #
vertus, 
Aungells, and haly saules, and heuenly thynges. Thane es +te    #
saule
abill, by cause of clennes, to fele +te toucheynge, +te         #
spekynge of 
gude Aungells. This touchyng and spekynge es gastely, noghte 
bodyly: For when +te saule es lyftede and raysede owte of the 
sensualyte, and owte of mynde of any erthely thynges, Than in
gret feruoure of lufe and lyghte of Godd, if oure Lorde         #
vouche-safe,
+te saule may here & fele heuenly sowun, made by +te presence 
of Aungells in louynge of Godd. Noghte +tat +tis sange of 
Aungells es souerayne Ioy of +te saule, Bot a defference +tat   #
es
by-twyxe a manes saule in flesche and ane Aungelle, be-cause of
vnclennes. A saule may noghte here it, bot by rauyschynge in
lufe, and nedis for to be puryfiede full clene, and             #
fullfillide of
mekyll charyte, are it ware abyll for to here heuenly sowun.
For +te souerayne and +te Escencyalle Ioy es in +te lufe of     #
Godd by
hym-selfe and for hym-selfe, and +te secundarye es in comonynge
and byhaldynge of Aungells and gastely creaturs. For, ryghte as
a saule, in vndirstandynge of gastely thynges, es of ofte       #
sythes
touched and kennede thurghe bodyly ymagynacyone, by wyrkynge
of Aungells (as E+gechielle +te profete sawe in bodily          #
ymagynacyonne
+te sothefastnes of Goddes preuates), Righte so, in +te lufe of
Godd, a saule, be +te presence of Aungelles, es raueschede owte
of all mynde of erthely and fleschely thynges in-to a heuenly   #
Ioye,
to here Aungells saunge and heuenly sowun, eftir +tat +te       #
charite 
es mare or lesse. Nowe than, thynke me, +tat +ter may no saule
fele verreyly Aungells sange ne heuenly sown, bot it be in      #
perfite
charite. And noghte for-thi all +tat are in perfite charyte ne
<P 18>
hase noghte felyde it, Bot anely +tat saule +tat es purede in   #
+te
fyre of lufe of Godd, +tat all erthely sauoure es brynte owte   #
of it,
and all menes lettande be-twyx +te saule and +te clennes of     #
Angells
es broken and put awaye fra it. +Tan sothely may he synge a
newe sange, and sothely may he here a blysfull heuenly sown
and Aungells sange, with-owtten dessayte or feynynge. Oure
Lorde wate whare +tat saule es +tat, for abowndance of          #
brynnande
lufe, es worthi to here Aungells sange. Wha-so +tan will here
Aungells sange, and noghte be dyssayuede by feynynge, ne by
ymagynacyone of hym-selfe, ne by illusyone of +te Enemy, hym
behoues hafe perfite charite, and +tat es, when all vayne lufe  #
and
drede, vayne Ioy and sorowe, es casten owte of +te herte, +tat  #
he
lufes na thynge bot Godd, ne dredis na thynge bot Godd, ne
Ioyes ne sorowes na thynge bot in Godd, or of Godd. Who-so
myghte, by +te grace of Godd, go +tis way, he sulde noghte      #
erre.
Neuer-+te-lattere som men ere disceyued by +taire awenn         #
ymagynacyon, 
or by illucyon of +te Enemy in +tis matere. Som man,
when he hase lange trauelde bodily and gastely in dystroynge of
synnes and getynge of vertus, and perauenture hase getyn
by grace a somdele ryste, and a clerete in concyence, onone he
leues prayers, redyngs of haly writte, and medytacions of +te
passione of Criste, and +te mynde of his wrechidnes, and, are
he be callede of Godd, he gedyrs his wittys by violence to seke
and to be-halde heuenly thynges, are his eghe be made gastely
by grace, and ouertrauells by ymagynacionns his wittes, and by
vndiscrete trauellynge turnes +te braynes in his heuede, and    #
forbrekes
+te myghtes and +te wittes of +te saule and of +te body; and 
+tan, for febilnes of +te brayne, hym thynkes +tat he heres     #
woundirfull
sownes and sanges, and +tat es no thynge ells bot a fantasie
caused of trubblyng of +te brayne, as a man +tat es in a        #
frensye,
hym thynkes +tat he herys or sese +tat na no+ter man duse, and  #
all
es bot vanyte and fantasie of +te heued; or elles by wyrkyng of
+te enemy +tat fenys swylke sowune in h[{is her{]ynge. For if   #
a man
hase any presumpcione in his fantasies and in his wirkynge, and
+tare-be falles in-to vndiscrete ymagynacyone, as it ware a     #
frensye,
and es noghte kennede ne rewlede of grace, ne comforthede by
<P 19>
gastely strenghe, +te deuelle entirs +tan by fals               #
illumynacyons, and
fals sownnes and swetnes, and dyssaues a mans saule. And of
+tis false grounde sprynges errours and herysyes, false         #
prophesyes,
presumpcyons and false rusynngs, Blasfemyes, and sclandirynges,
and many o+ter meschefes. And +tare-fore, if +tou se any man
gastely ocupiede Falle in any of +tise synnes, and +tise        #
dissaytes, 
or in frensyes, wit +tou wele +tat he herde neuer ne felide     #
Aungells
sange, ne heuenly sowne. For sothely, he +tat verreyly heres
Aungels sange, he es made so wyse +tat he sall neuer erre by
fantasye, ne by indiscrecyon, ne by no sleghte of +te deuelle.
Also som men felis in theire hertes as it ware a gastely sowne  #
and
swete sanges of dyuerse maners, and +tis es commonly gude, and
somtyme it may turne tyll dissayte. +tis sowne es felide one    #
+tis
wyse. Some man settis +te thoghte of his herte anely in +te
name of Ihesu, and stedfastly haldis it +tare-too; and in       #
schorte 
tym hym thynkes that +tat name turnes hym till gret comforthe
and swetnes, and hym thynkes +tat +te name sowunes in his herte
delitably, as it were a saunge, and +te vertu of +tis likynge   #
es so 
myghty, +tat it drawes in all +te wittes of +te saule           #
+tare-to. Who-so
may fele +tis sownne and +tis swetnes verrayly in his herte,    #
wite
he wiele +tat it es of Godd; and als lange als he es meke, he   #
sall
noghte be dissayuede. Bot +tis es noghte Aungels sange, bot it
es a saunge of +te saule, be vertu of +te name, and by          #
touchynge of
+te gude Aungels. For when a saule offers it to Ihesu trewly
& mekely, puttande all his traiste and his desyre in hym, and
besily kepis in his mynde, Oure Lorde Ihesu, whene he will,
puris +te affeccione of +te saule, and fillis it & fedis it     #
with
swetnes of hym-selfe, and makes his name in +te felynge of +te
saule as hony, and as sange, and as any thynge +tat es          #
delitabill.
So +tat it lykes +te saule euer mare for to cry 'Ihesu,         #
Ihesu'; and
noghte anely he hase comforthe in +tis, bot also in psalmes and
ympnes, and antymms of Haly Kyrke, +tat +te herte synges +tam
swetely, deuotly, and frely, with-owtten any trauelle of +te    #
saule,
or bitternes, in +te same tym, and note+g +tat Haly Kyrke vses.
This es +te gude and of +te gyfte of Godd, For +te substance    #
of +tis
<P 20>
felynge lyes in +te lufe of Ihesu, whilke es fedde and          #
lyghtenede
by swilke maner of sanges. Neuer-+te-lattere, in +tis maner
felynge a saule may be disceyuede by vayne glorye, noghte in
+tat tym +tat +te affeccion synges to Ihesu and loues Ihesu
in swetnes of hym, bot eftyrwarde, whan it cesses, & +te herte
kelis of loue of Ihesu, Than entyrs in vayne glorie. Also sum
man es dessayuede on +tis wyese. He heris wele say +tat it es
gude to haue Ihesu in his mynde, or any o+ter gude worde of
Godd, and +tan he streynes his herte myghtyly to +tat name, and
by acostom he hase it nerehande alway in his mynde. Noghte
for-thi he felis nou+ter +tare-by, in his affeccyonne,          #
swetnes, ne
lighte of knawynge in his resoun, bot anely a nakede mynde of
Godd or of Ihesu, or of Mary, or of any o+ter gude worde. Here
may be disceyte, noghte for it es ill to hafe Ihesu in mynde    #
on +tis
wyse, Bot if he [{think a thinge{] and this mynde, +tat es      #
anely his
awen wyrkynge by custom, halde it a specyalle vesytacyon of
oure Lorde, and thynke it mare +tan it es. For, wite +tou wele,
+tat a nakede mynde or a nakede ymagycion of Ihesu or of any
gastely thynge, with-owtten swetnes of lufe in +te affeccion,   #
or
with-owtten lyghte of knawynge in resoun, es bot a blyndnes,
and a waye to dessayte, if a man halde it it his awen mare +tan
it es. Thare-fore I halde it sekyre +tat he be meke in his awen
felynge, and halde +tis mynde in regarde noghte, till he mowe,  #
be
custom and vsynge of +tis mynde, fele +te fyre of lufe in his   #
affeccion, 
and +te lyghte of knawynge in his reson. Loo! I haue
tolde +te in +tis mater a lyttill as me thynke; noghte          #
affermande
+tat +tis suffisches, ne +tat +tis es +te sothefastnes in +tis  #
mater. Bot
if +te thynke it o+ter-wyse, or elles any o+ter man sauour by   #
grace
+te contrarye here-to, I leue +te saying, and gyfe stede to     #
hym. It
sufficeth to me for to lyffe in trouthe princypally, and        #
noghte in
felynge. 

<P 21>
[}XI}]
[} [\ACTIVE AND CONTEMPLATIVE LIFE.\] }]

   Brethirne and susteryne bodely and goostely, two maner of
states ther bene in holy chirch, be the which cristen soules
plesyn God and gettyn hem the blisse of heven, the one is
bodily, and the other is gostely. Bodely wirkynge longith
principally to worldely men or women, the which haunten         #
leuefully
worldely goodes and wilfully vsen worldely besynessis.
Also itt longith to all yonge begynnynge men, which come newe
oute of worldely synnes to the seruyce of God, forto make
hem able to goostely wyrkynges, and forto breke downe the
vnbuxomnes of the body be skill, And swich bodely wyrkynges
that itt myght be souple and redy, and not moch contrarious 
to the spirite in gostely wyrkynge. For, as seynt Poule seith,
as women was maade for man, and not man for women, Ryght
so bodely wirkyngis was maade for goostely, and not gostely for
bodely. Bodely wirkyngis goth before, and gostely comyth        #
aftir, 
so seith seynt Poule,
   (\Non quod prius spirituale, sed quod prius animale, deinde
spirituale.\)
<P 22>
   Gostely werke comyth not firste; but firste comyth bodely
werke that is doone by the body, and sithen comyth gostely
aftir; and this is the cause why itt behouyth the to be soo,    #
for
we are borne in synne and in corrupcion of the flessh, by the
which we be so blyndet and so ouerlaide, that we haue nethir 
the gostely knowynge of God by light of vndirstondynge, ne
gostely felynge of hym by clene desire of lovynge. And for-thi
we mowe not sodenly stir oute of this mirke pitte of this       #
flesshly
corrupcion into that gostely light. For we may not suffre itt
ne bere itt for sekenes of oure silfe, no more than we may with
oure bodely eene, when +tei be sore, beholde the light of the   #
sonne.
And therfor we muste abide, and wirke be processe of tyme.
   Firste bi bodily werkis besili, vnto we be discharged of     #
this
hevy birthen of synne, +te which lettith vs fro goostely
wirkynge, And till oure soule be somwhat clensid from gret 
outewarde synnes, and abiled to gostely werke. By this bodely
wirkynge that I spake of, may +tou vndirstonde all maner of 
goode werke that thi soule doth by +te wittes and the membres
of thi bodi vnto thi silfe, - as in fastynge, wakeynge, and in 
refreynynge of thi flesshly lustis, be othir pennaunce doynge,  #
- or
to thine even cristen, by fulfillynge of the dedis of mercy     #
bodili
or gostely, or vnto God, by suffrynge of all maner bodely       #
mischeves
for the loue of rightwisnes. And thees werkis doone in trouth
by charite pleysyn God, with-out the which +tei be noght. Than
who-so desirith forto be occupied gostely, hit is sekir and
profitable to hym that he be firste well assaide a longe tyme
in this bodely wirkynge, for thies bodely dedis ar tokyne and 
shewynge of moralle vertues, with-oute which a soule is not
able forto werke gostely. Breke downe firste pride in bodely
berynge, and also with-in thi herte, thynkynge, boostynge, and
prikkynge and preysynge of thi silfe and of thi dedis,          #
presumynge
of thi silfe, and veynlikynge of thi silfe, of eny thynge
that God hath sent the, bodili or gostely. Breke downe also
envy and Ire ayene thyne even cristen, whe+ter he be riche or
pore, goode or badde, that +tou hate hym nott, ne haue
<P 23>
disdeyne of hym wilfully, nethir in worde, ne in dede. All-so
breke doune Couatise or worldely goode, +tat +tou (for holdynge
or getynge or sauynge of itt) offende not thi conscience, ne    #
breke
not charite to God and to thi even cristen, for loue of no
worldely gode, but that +tou getiste to kepe itt and to spened
itt with-oute loue or vaynlikynge of itt, as reson askith, in 
worship of God, and helpe of thyne evyn cristyn. Breke
doune also, as +tou may, flesshely likynges, o+ter in accidie   #
or in
bodili ease, or glotonie, or licherye; and +tan, whan +tou      #
haste be
well trauailed and wele assaide in all swich bodily werkes,
than may +tou bi grace ordeyne the to goostely wirkynges.
Grace and the goodenes of oure lorde Ihesu Criste that he
hath shewed to the, - in with-drawynge of thyne herte fro luste
and from likynges of worldely vanite, and vse of flesshly       #
synnes
and in the turnynge of thi will enterely to his seruyce and his
plesaunce, - bryngith into my herte much mater to loue hym in
his mercy. And also itt sterith me gretly to strength the in    #
thi
goode purpos and thi wirkynge that +tou haste begon, forto
brynge itt to a goode ende, if that I coude, and principally    #
for
God, and sithen for tendir affeccion of loue which +tou haste   #
to
me, Thoffe I be a wrech and vnworthi. I knowe well the
desire of thi herte, that +tou desiriste gretely to serue oure  #
Lorde
by goostely occupacion, and holy, with-oute lettynge or         #
strobillynge
of worldely besynes, +tat +tou myght com by grace to more
knowynge and gostely felynge of God, and of gostely thyngis.
This desire is goode, as I hope, and of God, for itt is sente   #
vnto
hym specially. Nevirtheles itt is to refreyne and rewlen by
discrecion, as even outwarde wirkynge aftir the state that +tou
arte in, for charite vnrewled turnyth som tyme into vice. And
for this is seid in holy write, (\'Ordinauit in me              #
caritatem,'\)
That is to sey, oure Lorde yevynge [^EDITION: yevYnge^] to me   #
cherite, sett itt in ordir,
and in reule, that itt shulde nat be loste by myne discrecion.
Right so this charite and this desire that oure Lorde hattth
yeven, of his mercy, to the, is forto rule and ordeyne how thou
shalte pursewe itt, aftir +ti degre askith, and aftir the       #
lyvynge
that thou haste vsed by-for this tyme, and after the grace of
<P 24>
vertues that +tou now haste. Thow shalt not vttirly folow thi
desire forto leve occupacion and besynes of the worlde which ar
nedefull to vsen, in reulynge of thi silfe and of all othir     #
that,
ar vndir thi kepynge, and yeve the holy to gostely occupacion   #
of
prayers and holy meditacions as itt were a frere or a monke, or
ano+ter man that war not bonden to the worlde by children and
seruantes as +tou arte, for itt fallith not to the. And if      #
+tou doo
soo, thou kepiste not the ordire and charite. Also yf +tou      #
woldiste
leven vttirly gostely occupacion, namely now aftir +te grace    #
that
God hath yeven vnto +te, and sett the holy to the besynes
of the worlde, to the fulfillynge of the werkis of actife liffe
as fully as anothir man that nevir felt deuocion, thou leuyste
the ordir of cherite, for thi state askith forto doo both ilkon
of hem in dyvyrs tymes. Thou shalt medle the werkes of
actife liffe with goostely werkes of live comtemplatyfe, and    #
than
+tou doste wele. For +tou shalt oo tyme with Martha be besy
forto reule and gouerne thi householde, thi children, thi       #
seruantes,
+ti neghboris, and thi tenantes; if +tei do well, comforth
hem there-in and helpe hem; if thei do evill, forto teche
hem, amende hem, and chastise hem. And thou shalt also loke
and knowe wysely thi thyngis and thi worldely goodes, +tat      #
+tei be 
ryghtwysly kepte bi thi seruantes, gouerned and truly spendid,
that +tou myght the more plentivosly fulfill the dedis of mercy
with hem vnto thyne evyn cristen. Also thou shalt, with Maria,
leve besines of the world, and sitt dovne at the fete of oure   #
Lorde
by mekenes in prayers, and in holy thoghtes and in              #
contemplacion
of hym as he yevith the grace; and so shalt +tou goo from
the oone to the othir medefully, and fulfill hem both, and than
kepiste +tou well the ordir of cherite.

[}VNTO WHAT MANER OF MEN LONGITH ACTIFFE LIFFE.}]
   Neuertheles, that +tou haue no wondre of this that I say,    #
+terefore
I shall tell and declare to the a litill of this more
opynly. +tou shalt vnderstonde that +tere is iij maner of       #
livyngis:
One is actife, anothir comtemplatife, the thride is made of     #
both,
and that is medlid. Actyfe liffe alon, that longith to worldely
<P 25>
men and women which ar lerned in knowynge of gostely
occupacion, for +tei fele no sauoure ne deuocion be feruour of  #
loue, 
as othir men doo, ne thei can no skill of itt, and yitt         #
nevirtheles
thei haue drede of God, and of the payne of hell, and           #
+terefore thei
fle synne, and thei haue desire forto please God, and forto com
to heven, and a goode wille hauen to her even cristen. Vnto
these men itt is nedefull and spedefull to vse the werkis of    #
Actife
liffe als besili as +tei may, in the helpe of hem silfe and of  #
hir
even cristen, for thei can nott els doo.

[}VNTO WHICH MEN LONGITH CONTEMPLATIFE LIFF.}]
   Contemplatife liffe alon longith to swyche men and women
that, for the loue of Godd, for-saken all opyn synnes of the 
worlde, and of hir flessh, and all besynes chargis, and         #
grevance
of worldely goodis, and maken hem silfe pore and naked, to the
bare nede of the bodili kynde, and fre fro soueraynte of alle 
othir men, to the seruice of God. Vnto thies men itt longith
forto trauaile and occupy hem inwardly forto gett, thorow the 
grace of our Lorde, clennes in herte, and pes in conscience,    #
bi the
distroynge of synne and receyvynge of vertues, and so forto com
to the comtemplacion; which clennes may not be hadd with-out
gret excersyice of body and continuell trauaile of the spirit,  #
in 
deuoute prayers, feruent desires, and gostely meditacions.

[}VNTO WHICH MEN LONGITH MEDELID LIFFE.}]
   The thride liffe, that is, medlid liffe, itt longith to      #
men of
holi-chirch, as to prelates and to o+ter Curatis, the which
han cure and souerante ouer othir men forto teche and reule     #
hem,
both hir bodies and hir soules, principally in fulfillynge of   #
the
dedis of mercy bodili and gostely. Vnto thes men itt longith
som tyme to vsen werkis of mercy in actife liffe, in helpe and
sustinaunce of hem silfe and of hir sugettis and of othir also,
and som tyme forto leve all maner of besines ovtewarde, and
yeve hem vnto prayers and meditacions, and redynge of holy
writt, and to othir gosteli occupacions, after that thei fele   #
hem
<P 26>
disposed. Also itt longith to som temperall men, the which han
soueraynte with michell haver of worldely goodis, and han also
as itt wer lordisshipe ouer othir men forto gouerne and sustene
hem, as a fader hath ovir his children, a maistre ouer his      #
seruantis,
and a lorde ovir his tenantes, the which men han also 
receyved of oure Lordes yifte grace of deuocion, and in party
sauoure of gostely occupacion, vnto these men also longith      #
medlid
liffe, that is both actife and contemplatife. For if +tese      #
men, 
stondynge the charge and the bonde which thei haue taken, wille
leve vtterly the besynes of the world, the which owe skilfully  #
to 
be vsed in fulfillynge of hir charge, and hooly yeve hem to     #
contemplatife 
liffe, thei doo not well, for thei kepe nott the ordir of
cherite. For charite, as +tou knowiste, lith both in loue of    #
God
and of thyne evyn cristen, and +tere-fore itt is resounable,    #
that 
he that hath cherite, vse both, in wirkynge now to the one and
now to the othir. For he +tat, for the loue of God in           #
contemplacion, 
levith the loue of his evyn cristen, and doth not to hym as
he oght when he is bonden +tere-to, he fulfillith no cherite.   #
Also,
on the contrary wise, who-so hath gret rewarde to wirke actife 
liffe and to besinnes of +te worlde that, for the loue of his   #
evyn
cristen, he levith gostely occupacion vtterly, after +tat God   #
hath
disposed hem there-too, thei fulfill not cherite. This is the   #
seynge
of seynt Gregory. For-thi our Lorde, forto stere som forto vse
this medlid liffe, toke vpon hym silfe the person of swiche
maner of men, both of prelates, and of othir swich as ar        #
disposed
ther-to as I haue seide, and yave hem ensample, by his owen
wirkynge, that thei shulde vse this medlid liffe as he did,     #
that
tyme he comyned with men and medled with men, shewynge to
hem his dedis of mercy. For he taght the vn-couthe and          #
vnkunnynge
by his prechynge, he vesited +te seke, and helid hem of
hir sores, he fedde the hungry, and he conforted the sory. And
an othir tym he lefte +te conuersacion of all worldely men,     #
and of
his disciplis, and went into disserte vpon the hilles, and      #
continued 
all night in prayers alone, as the gospell seith. +Tis
medlid liffe shewith oure Lorde in hym silfe to ensample of all
<P 27>
othir that han taken the charge of +tis medlid liffe, that      #
+tei shuld
oo tyme yeven hem to besynes and worldely thyngis att resonable
nede, and to the werkes of actiffe liffe in profitt of her      #
encresynge, 
which +tei haue cure of. And an othir tyme yive hem holy
to deuocion and to contemplacion, in prayers and in             #
meditacion.  



<B CMCAXPRO>
<Q M4 XX PREF CAXTON>
<N PROL AND EPIL>
<A CAXTON WILLIAM>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M X>
<K X>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T PREFACE/EPIL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CAXTON, WILLIAM.
THE PROLOGUES AND EPILOGUES
OF WILLIAM CAXTON.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 176.
ED. W. J. B. CROTCH. 
LONDON, 1956 (1928).
PP. 10.25   - 15.37 (THE GAME AND PLAYE OF THE
                    CHESSE, SECOND EDITION, 1483)
PP. 35.1    - 36.12
PP. 36.13   - 37.31
PP. 64.1    - 68.33
P.  70.C1.1 - 70.C2.24
PP. 76.17   - 78.33
PP. 88.1    - 89.9
PP. 90.1    - 91.35^]

<P 10>
[}II}]
[}THE GAME AND PLAYE OF THE CHESSE}]
[} [\PROLOGUE\] }]

The holy apostle and doctour of the peple saynt
Poule sayth in his epystle. Alle that is wryten
is wryten vnto our doctryne and for our lernyng.
Wherfore many noble clerkes haue endeuoyred
them to wryte and compyle many notable werkys and
historyes to the ende that it myght come to the knowlege
and vnderstondyng of suche as ben ygnoraunt. Of which
<P 11>
the nombre is infenyte / And accordyng to the same saith
Salamon. that the nombre of foles. is infenyte / And
emong alle other good werkys. It is a werke of ryght
special recomendacion to enforme and to late vnderstonde
wysedom and vertue vnto them that be not lernyd ne can
not dyscerne wysedom fro folye. Thenne emonge whom
there was an excellent doctour of dyuynyte in the royame
of fraunce of the ordre of thospytal of Saynt Johns of
Jherusalem whiche entended the same and hath made a
book of the chesse moralysed. whiche at suche tyme as I
was resident in brudgys in the counte of Flaundres cam 
in to my handes / which whan I had redde and ouerseen /
<P 12>
[{m{]e semed ful necessarye for to be had in englisshe / And
in eschewyng of ydlenes And to thende that somme which
haue not seen it / ne vnderstonde frenssh ne latyn. J delybered
in my self to translate it in to our maternal tonge /
And whan I so had achyeued the sayd translacion / J
dyde doo sette in enprynte a certeyn nombre of theym /
Whiche anone were depesshed and solde. wherfore by cause
thys sayd book is ful of holsom wysedom and requysyte
vnto euery astate and degree / J haue purposed to
enprynte it / shewyng therin the figures of suche persons
<P 13>
as longen to the playe. Jn whom al astates and degrees
ben comprysed / besechyng al them that this litel werke
shal see / here / or rede to haue me for excused for the rude &
symple makyng and reducyn in to our englisshe / And
where as is defaute to correcte and amende / and in so doyng
they shal deserue meryte and thanke / and I shal pray for
them / that god of his grete mercy shal rewarde them in
his euerlastyng blisse in heuen / to the whiche he brynge
vs / that wyth his precious blood redemed vs Amen
   This book is deuyded and departed in to four traytyes
and partyes
<P 15>
(^Excerpt 1^)
   For. there is no thyng at this day
that so moche greueth rome and Italie as doth the college
of notaryes and aduocates publique / for they ben not of
one accorde. Alas and in Engelond what hurte doon the
aduocates men of lawe and attorneyes of court to the comyn
peple of the royame as wel in the spirituel lawe as
in the temporalle. how torne they the lawe and statutes
at their plesure / how ete they the peple / how enpouere they
the comynte / I suppose that in ale cristendom are not so
many pletars attorneys and men of the lawe as been in
englond onely. for yf they were nombrid alle that longe
to the courtes of the chaunserye kynges benche comyn
place cheker / ressayt / and helle / and the bagge berars of
the same / hit shold amounte to a grete multitude. And
how al thyse lyue and of whom / yf hit shold be vttrid and
tolde / hit shold not be beleuyd for they entende to theyr syn
guler wele and prouffyt and not to the comyn /
(^Excerpt 2^)
   Alas what 
habundance was somme tymes in the royames / & what
prosperite / in which was Iustyce. and euery man in his
offyce contente / how stood the cytees that tyme in worship
& renome. how was renomed the noble royame of englond 
alle the world dradde hit and spake worshyp of hit. How
hit now standeth and in what habundaunce I reporte me
to them that knowe hit. yf there ben theuys wyth in the
royame or on the see. they knowe that laboure in the royame /
and sayle on the see / I wote wel the same is grete
therof / I praye god saue that noble royame & sende good
trewe and polletique counceyllours to the gouernours of
the same
(^Conclusion.^)
   Thenne late euery man of what
condycion he be that redyth or herith this litel book redde
take therby ensaumple to amende hym
(\Explicit per Caxton\)


<P 35>
[}V}]
[} [\EPILOGUE\] }]
   & here endeth myn auctor his book
And howe be it that myn auctor writeth that he hath
founde nomore of thistorie of Iason / yet haue I founden
& red in the boke that bochace made of the genelagie of goddes
in his .xiij. boke / that whan so was that Iason & medea
were reconciled agayn to geder after that shee fled from egeon
that he went with her into colchos aga[{in{] / & whan he was
comen theder. he founde the olde king oetes fader vnto medea
bannissed & exiled out of his royame / whom he restored & sette
him by his valiaunce & puissaun[{c{]e in his kingdom agayn / &
after went into asie / where he had victorie in many batailes
And made so many conquestes with grete magnificence
in somoche that he was honoured & worshipped for a god / &
were made & edefied diuerce temples in his name which after
were destroied by the commandment of king Alexander
of macedone / who perauenture had enuye of his glorie & also
he saith that thoant & euneus where his sones whom he begate
on ysiphile as he went to colchos where as Stacius saith
Whiche were boren at ones. And for asmoch as it was
not the custome in lenos to fede & norisshe the men children
they were sent into an other countrey for to be nourysshed
wherefore the moder was put out of her Royaume. & taken
with pirates and theues. & after sold vnto Lygurgis king
of nemee. and after whan the sayde sones waxe men they
went with king Adrastus vnto the bataile of Thebes / & as
they went into the wode of nemee they herde of the sayd king
Adrastus reherse her burth & the caas of her moder / by which
rehersayll they knew that she was their moder / & in kyng
Lygurgis court they fonde her / whenne Opheltes his sone
was founde dede in the gardyn / what time the lady that hadde
charge of him went with the grekes to shew him the water
as in the siege of thebes it is more plainly shewd / but what
cam afterward of these two sones it is incertayn this saith
bochace in the .xiij. boke of the geneolagye of goddes. And
he saith he had an other sone whos name was philemelus /
and more haue I not red of the noble Iason / but this haue
<P 36>
I founden more thenne myn auctor reherceth in his boke / &      #
therfore 
I make here an ende of this storie of Iason. whom diuerce
menn blame because that he left & repudied Medea / but
in this present boke ye may see the euydent causes / why he
so dyd. Prayng my said lorde Prince taccapte & take yt
in gree of me his indigne seruiteur. whom I beseche god
almighty to saue & encrece in vertu now in his tendre iongth
that he may come vnto his parfait eage to his honour and
worship that his Renomme maye perpetuelly be remembrid
among the most worthy And after this present life               #
euerlastinglife
in heuen who grant him & vs that boughte vs
with his bloode blessyd Ihus Amen


<P 36>
[}VI}]
[}THE CONSOLACION OF PHILOSOPHIE}]
[} [\EPILOGUE\] }]
   Thus endeth this boke which is named the boke of
Consolacion of philosophie whiche that boecius made
for his comforte and consolacion he beyng in exile for the
comyne and publick wele hauyng grete heuynes & thoughtes
and in maner of despayr / Rehercing in the sayde boke
how Philosophie appiered to him shewyng the mutabilite
of this transitorie lyfe / and also enformyng howe fortune
and happe shold bee vnderstonden / with the predestynacion
and prescience of God as moche as maye and ys
possible to be knowen naturelly / as a fore ys sayd in this
sayd boke / Whiche Boecius was an excellente auctour
of dyuerce bookes craftely and curiously maad in prose
and metre / And also had translated dyuerce bookes
oute of Greke into latyne / and had ben senatour of that
noble & famous cite Rome. And also his two sones Senatours
for their prudence & wisedom. And for as moche
as he withstode to his power the tyrannye of the odorik thenne
Emperour / & wold haue defended the sayde cite & Senate
from his wicked hondes / wherupon he was conuict & putte
in prison / in whiche prisone he made this forsaide boke of     #
consolacion
<P 37>
for his singuler comfort, and for as moche as the stile
of it / is harde & difficile to be vnderstonde of simple        #
persones
Therfore the worshipful fader & first foundeur & enbelissher of
ornate eloquence in our englissh. I mene / Maister Geffrey
Chaucer hath translated this sayd werke oute of latyn
in to oure vsual and moder tonge. Folowyng the latyn
as neygh as is possible to be vnderstande. wherein in myne
oppynyon he hath deseruid a perpetuell lawde and thanke
of al this noble Royame of Englond / And in especiall
of them that shall rede & vnderstande it. For in the sayd
boke they may see what this transitorie & mutable worlde is
And wherto euery mann liuyng in hit / ought to entende
Thenne for as moche as this sayd boke so translated is
rare & not spred ne knowen as it is digne and worthy
For the erudicion and lernyng of suche as ben Ignoraunt
& not knowyng of it / Atte requeste of a singuler frende &
gossib of myne I william Caxton haue done my debuoir &
payne tenprynte it in fourme as is here afore made / In hopyng
that it shal prouffite moche peple to the wele & helth
of their soules / & for to lerne to haue and kepe the better
pacience in aduersitees / And furthermore I desire & require
you that of your charite ye wold praye for the soule of
the sayd worshipful mann Geffrey Chaucer / first translatour
of this sayde boke into englissh & enbelissher in making
the sayd langage ornate & fayr. whiche shal endure perpetuelly.
and therfore he ought eternelly to be remembrid. of 
whom the body and corps lieth buried in thabbay of Westmestre
beside london to fore the chapele of seynte benet. by
whos sepultre is wreton on a table hongyng on a pylere
his Epitaphye maad by a poete laureat wherof the copye 
foloweth &c.


<P 64>
[}XV}]
[}POLYCHRONICON}]
[} [\PROHEMYE\] }]
   Grete thankynges lawde & honoure we merytoryously
ben bounde to yelde and offre vnto wryters of hystoryes /
whiche gretely haue prouffyted oure mortal
lyf / that shewe vnto the reders and herers by the
ensamples of thynges passyd / what thynge is to be desyred /
And what is to be eschewed / For those thynges whiche oure      #
progenytours
by the taste of bytternes and experyment of grete jeopardyes
haue enseygned / admonested and enformed vs excluded 
fro suche peryllys / to knowe what is prouffytable to oure
lyf / and acceptable / and what is vnprouffytable and to be     #
refused /
He is / and euer hath ben reputed the wysest / whiche by the
experyence of aduerse fortune hath byholden and seen the noble
Cytees / maners / and variaunt condycions of the people of many
dyuerse Regyons / For in hym is presupposed the lore of         #
wysedome
and polycye / by the experyment of Jeopardyes and peryllys
whiche haue growen of folye in dyuerse partyes and contrayes /
yet he is more fortunat / and may be reputed as wyse yf he
gyue attendaunce without tastynge of the stormes of aduersyte
that may by the redyng of historyes conteynyng dyuerse customes
Condycyons / lawes & / Actes of sondry nacions come vnto
the knowleche of and vnderstandynge of the same wysedom and
polycye / J whiche hystoryes so wreton in large and aourned
volumes / he syttynge in his chambre or studye / maye rede /
knowe and vnderstande the polytyke and noble actes of alle the
worlde as of one Cyte / And the conflyctes / errours. Troubles  #
/
& vexacions done in the sayd vnyuersal worlde / Jn suche wyse
as he had ben and seen them. in the propre places where as they
were done / For certayne it is a greete beneurte vnto a man     #
that
can be reformed by other and straunge mennes hurtes and         #
scathes /
And by the same to knowe / what is requysyte and prouffytable 
for his lyf / And eschewe suche errours and Jnconuenytys /
by whiche other men haue ben hurte and lost theyr felycyte /
Therfore the counseylles of Auncyent and whyte heeryd men / in
<P 65>
whome olde age hath engendryd wysedom / ben gretely preysed
of yonger men / And yet hystoryes soo moche more excelle them /
As the dyuturnyte or length of tyme Includeth soo ensamples
of thynges and laudable actes. than thage of one man may        #
suffyse
to see / Historyes ought not to be Iuged moost proffytable
to yonge men / whiche  by the lecture / redyng & vnderstandyng
made them semblable & equale to men of greter age / and
to old men / to whome longe lyf hath mynystred experymentes
of dyuerse thynges / but also thystoryes able & make ryght      #
pryuate
men digne & worthy to haue the gouernaunce of Empyres &
noble Royammes / historyes moeue and withdrawe Emperours
and kynges fro vycious tyrannye / Fro vecordyous sleuthe /
vnto tryumphe and vyctorye in puyssaunt bataylles / Historyes
also haue moeued ryght noble knyghtes to deserue eternal laude
whiche foloweth them for their vyctoryous merytes / And cause
them more valiauntly to entre in Ieopardyes of batayles for the
defence and tuicion of their countrey / and publyke wele /      #
hystorye
also affrayeth cruel tyrauntys for drede of Infamye and shame
Infynyte / by cause of the detestable actes of suche cruel      #
personnes
ben oftymes plantyd and regystred in Cronykes vnto theyr
perpetuel obprobrye and dyuulgacion of theyr Jnfamye / As
thactes of nero and suche other / Truly many of hye and         #
couragyous
men of grete empayse / desyryng theyr fame to be perpetuelly
conseruyd by lyberal monumentis / whiche ben the permanente     #
recordes
of euery vyrtuouse and noble Acte / haue buylded and edefyed 
ryall and noble Cytees / And for the conseruacion of the
wele publycke haue mynystred and establysshed dyscrete and
prouffytable lawes / And thus the pryncipal laude / and cause
of delectable and amyable thynges / in whiche mannes felycyte
stondeth and resteth ought and maye wel be attributed to        #
hystoryes /
whiche worde historye may be descryued thus / Historye is
a perpetuel conseruatryce of thoos thynges / that haue be doone
before this presente tyme / and also a cotydyan wytnesse of     #
bienfayttes
of malefaytes / grete Actes / and tryumphal vyctoryes
of all maner peple. And also yf the terryble feyned Fables of
Poetes haue moche styred and moeued men to pyte / and           #
conseruynge
of Justyce / How moche more is to be supposed / that
Historye assertryce of veryte / and as moder of alle            #
philosophye /
moeuynge our maners to vertue / reformeth and reconcyleth ner
hande alle thoos men / whiche thurgh the Infyrmyte of oure
<P 66>
mortal nature hath ledde the mooste parte of theyr lyf in       #
Ocyosyte
and myspended theyr tyme passed ryght soone oute of             #
Remembraunce /
Of whiche lyf and deth is egal oblyuyon /
The fruytes of vertue ben Inmortall / Specyally whanne they
ben wrapped in the benefyce of hystoryes /
Thenne it muste folowe / That it is mooste fayre to men         #
Mortalle
to suffre labours and payne / for glorye and fame Jnmortalle /
Hercules whan he lyued suffryd greete laboures and peryllys
wylfully puttyng hym self in many terryble and ferdful          #
ieopardyes
to obteyne of all peple the benefaytes of Inmortal laude &
renommee / We rede of other noble men / somme lordes &
somme other of lower astates reputed as goddes in dyuerse       #
regyons /
the whos famous actes / and excelle[{n{]t vertues only hystorye
hath preseruyd fro perysshyng in eternal memorye / Other
monymentes distributed in dy[{u{]erse chaunges / enduren but    #
for a
short tyme or season / But the vertu of hystorye dyffused &     #
spredd
by the vnyuersal worlde hath tyme / whiche consumeth all other
thynges as conseruatryce and kepar of her werke /
Ferthermore eloquence is soo precious and noble / that almooste
noo thyng can be founden more precious than it / By Eloquence
the grekes ben preferryd in contynuel honour to fore the rude   #
barbares /
Oratours and lerned clerkes in like wise excelle vnlerned
and brutyssh peple / Syth this eloquence is suche that causeth  #
men
emonge them self somme texcelle other / after the qualyte of    #
the
vertue and eloquence be seyn to be of valew / For somme we Iuge
to be good men digne of laude / whiche shewe to vs the waye
of vertue / and other haue taken another waye for tenflamme
more the courages of men by fables of poesye / than to          #
prouffyte
And by the lawes and Institutes more to punysshe than to teche
Soo that of thyse thynges the vtylyte is myxt with harme /
For somme sothly techyth to lye / But historye representynge    #
the
thynges lyke vnto the wordes / enbraceth al vtylyte & prouffite
Jt sheweth honeste / and maketh vyces detestable / It           #
enhaunceth
noble men and depresseth wicked men and fooles / Also thynges
that historye descryueth by experyence / moche prouffyten vnto  #
a
ryghtful lif / Thenne syth historye is so precious & also       #
prouffytable /
J haue delybered to wryte twoo bookes notable / retenyng
in them many noble historyes / as the lyues / myracles /        #
passyons
and deth of dyuerse hooly sayntes whiche shal be comprysed by
<P 67>
thayde and suffraunce of almighty god in one of them / whiche
is named (\legenda aurea\) / that is the golden legende /       #
And that
other book is named polycronycon / in whiche book ben comprised
briefly many wonderful historyees / Fyrst the descripcion of    #
the
vniuersal world / as wel in lengthe as in brede with the        #
diuisions
of countrees royammes & empyres / the noble cytees / hye        #
mountayns
famous ryuers / merueylles & wondres / & also the historical    #
Actes
& wonderful dedes syth the fyrst makyng of heuen & erth vnto
the begynnyng of the regne of kyng edward the fourth / & vnto
the yere of our lord M/CCCC lx. As by thayde of almyghty
god shal folowe al a longe / after the composynge & gaderynge   #
of
dan Ranulph monke of chestre fyrste auctour of this book / and
afterward englisshed by one Treuisa vycarye of barkley / which
atte request of one Sir thomas lord barkley translated this     #
sayd
book / the byble & bartylmew (\de proprietatibus rerum\) out of #
latyn  
in to englyssh / And now at this tyme symply emprynted &
sette in forme by me William Caxton and a lytel embelysshed
fro tholde makyng / and also haue added suche storyes as I      #
coude
fynde fro thende that the said Ranulph fynysshed his book which
was the yere of our lord. M.CCC lvij vnto the yere of the same
M C C C C lx / whiche an honderd & thre yere / whiche
werke J haue finysshed vnder the noble protection of my most
drad naturel and souerayne lord and moost cristen kynge / kyng
Edward the fourth / humbly besechyng his moost noble grace to
pardone me yf ony thynge be sayd therynne of Ignoraunce / or    #
other wyse
than it ought to be And also requyryng al other to amende
wher as ther is defaute / wherin he or they may deserue thank &
meryte / And J shal praye for them that soo doo / For I         #
knowleche
myn Ignoraunce and also symplenes / And yf ther be thyng
that may plese or prouffite ony man / I am glad that J have     #
achieued
it / And folowynge this my prohemye I shal set a table
shortly towchyd of the moost parte of this book / And where the
sayd Auctour hath alle his werke in seuen bookes, J haue sette
that whiche J haue added to after a parte. and haue marked it
the laste booke / and haue made chapytres acordyng to the other
werke / Of whiche accomplysshyng / J thanke Almyghty God
To whome be gyuen Honour / laude / and glorye / (\in secula     #
seculorum
Amen /
Deo gracias.\)

<P 68>
[}POLYCRONICON}]
[} [\BK VII. EPILOGUE.\] }]
   Thus endeth the book [{n{]amed Proloconycon made & compiled
by Ranulph monk of chestre / whiche ordeyned it in latyn &
atte request of the ryght worshipful lord / Thomas lord of      #
berkeley
it was translated into englisshe by one Treuisa thenne vycarye
of the Paryssh of barkley / And for as moche as syth the        #
accomplyssheme[{n{]te
of this sayd booke made by the sayd Ranulph
ended the yere of oure lord a / M / CCC / lvij / many thynges   #
haue
fallen whiche ben requysyte to be added to this werke / by      #
cause
mennes wyttes in this tyme ben oblyuyous and lyghtly forgeten
many thynges dygne to be putte in memorye / and also there
can not be founden in these dayes but fewe that wryte in theyr
regystres suche thynges as dayly happen and falle Therfore J
William Caxton a symple persone haue endeuoyred me to wryte
fyrst ouer all the sayd book of proloconycon / and somwhat haue
chaunged the rude and old englyssh / that is to wete certayn    #
wordes /
which in these dayes be neither vsyd ne vnderstanden / &        #
furthermore
haue put it emprynte to thende that it maye be had &
the maters therin comprised to be knowen / for the boke is      #
general
touchyng shortly many notable maters / & also am auysed to make
another booke after this sayd werke whiche shal be sett here
after the same / And shal haue his chapytres & his table a      #
parte
For J dar not presume to sette my booke ne ioyne hit to his /   #
for 
dyuerse causes / one is for as moche as I haue not ne can gete  #
no
bokes of auctoryte treatyng of suche cronykes / except a lytel  #
boke:
named (\fasciculus temporum\) / and another callyd (\Aureus de
vniuerso\) / in whiche bookes J fynde ryght lytel mater syth    #
the
sayde tyme / And another cause is / for as moche as my rude
symplenesse and ignorant makyng ought not to be compared / set
ne ioyned to his boke / Thenne J shal by the grace of god set   #
my
werke after a parte for to accomplysshe the yeres syth that he  #
fynysshed
his book / vnto the yere of our lord / M / CCCC / lx / and
the fyrst yere of the Regne of kyng edward the fourthe / whiche
amounte to an honderd and thre yere /


<P 70.C1>
[}XVII}]
[}THE GOLDEN LEGENDE}]
[} [\PROLOGUE\] }]
   And for as moche as this
sayd werke was grete & ouer
chargeable to me taccomplisshe
I feryd me in the begynnyng of the
translacyon to haue contynued it / by
cause of the longe tyme of the translacion /
& also in thenpryntyng of +t=e= same
& in maner halfe desperate to haue accomplissd
it / was in purpose to haue
lefte it / after that I had begonne to
translate it / & to haue layed it aparte
ne had it be at thynstaunce & requeste
of the puyssant noble & vertuous erle
my lord wyllyam erle of arondel / whiche
desyred me to procede & contynue
the said werke / & promysed me to take
a resonable quantyte of them when they
were achyeued & accomplisshed / and
sente to me a worshypful gentylman
a seruante of his named Iohn Stanney
whych solycyted me in my Lordes
name that I shold in no wyse leue it
but accomplisshe it promysyng that my
sayd lord shold duryng my lyf yeue
& graunte to me a yerely fee / that is
to wete a bucke in sommer / & a doo in
wynter / with whiche fee I holde me
wel contente / Thenne atte contemplacion
& reuerence of my sayd lord / J
haue endeuoyred me to make an ende
& fynysshe thys sayd translacion / and
<P 70.C2>
also haue enprynted it in the moost best
wyse that I haue coude or myght / and
presente this sayd book to his good &
noble lordshyp / as chyef causer of the
achyeuyng of hit / prayeng hym to take
it in gree of me Wyllyam caxton hys
poure seruaunte / & that it lyke hym to
remembre my fee / & I shal praye vnto
almyghty god for his longe lyf and
welfare / & after this shorte & transytorye 
lyf to come in to euerlastyng ioye
in heuen / the whiche he sende to hym &
me / & vnto al them that shal rede and
here this sayd book / that for the loue &
feythe of whome al these holy sayntes 
hath suffred deth and passyon amen /

   And to thende eche hystory[{e{] lyf &
passyon may be shortely founden I haue
ordeyned this table folowyng / where &
in what leef he shal fynde suche as
shal be desyred / and haue sette the nombre
of euery leef in the margyne /


<P 76>
[}XVIII}]
[}CATON}]
[} [\PROLOGUE\] }]
Here begynneth the prologue or prohemye of the book callid
Caton / whiche booke hath ben translated in to Englysshe by
Mayster Benet Burgh / late Archedeken of Colchestre and
hye chanon of saint stephens at westmestre / which ful craftly
hath made it in balade ryal for the erudicion of my lord        #
Bousher /
Sone & heyr at that tyme to my lord the erle of Estsex
And by cause of late cam to my hand a book of the said Caton
in Frensshe / whiche reherceth many a fayr lernynge and notable
<P 77>
ensamples / I haue translated it oute of frensshe in to         #
Englysshe /
as al along here after shalle appiere / whiche I presente
vnto the Cyte of london /

   Vnto the noble auncyent / and renommed Cyte / the Cyte
of london in Englond / J william Caxton Cytezeyn 
& coniurye of the same / & of the fraternyte & felauship
of the mercerye owe of ryght my seruyse & good wyll / and of
very dute am bounden naturelly to assiste ayde & counceille as
ferforth as I can to my power / as to my moder / of whom I haue
receyued my noureture & lyuynge / And shal praye for the
good prosperite & polecye of the same duryng my lyf / For as
me semeth it is of grete nede / by cause I haue knowen it in my
yong age moche more welthy prosperous & rycher than it is
at this day / And the cause is that ther is almost none / that  #
entendeth
to the comyn wele but only euery man for his singuler
prouffyte / O whan I remembre the noble Romayns / that for
the comyn wele of the Cyte of Rome / they spente not only
theyr moeuable goodes / but they put theyr bodyes & lyues in
Ieopardy & to the deth / as by many a noble ensample we may
see in thactes of Romayns / as of the two noble scipions        #
Affrican
& Asyan / Actilius & many other / And amonge al other
the noble Catho auctour and maker of this book / whiche he hath
lefte for to remayne euer to all the peple for to lerne in hit  #
and
to knowe how e[{u{]ery man ought to rewle and gouerne hym 
in this lyf / as wel for the lyf temporall / as for the lyf     #
spyrytuel /
And as in my Jugement it is the beste book for to be taught
to yonge children in scole / & also to peple of euery age
it is ful conuenient yf it be wel vnderstanden / And by cause
J see that the children that ben borne within the sayd cyte
encreace / and prouffyte not lyke theyr faders and olders / but
for the moost parte after that they ben comen to theyr parfight
yeres of discrecion / and rypenes of age / how wel that theyre
faders haue lefte to them grete quantite of goodes / yet        #
scarcely
amonge ten two thryue / J haue sene and knowen in other
londes in dyuerse cytees / that of one name and lygnage         #
successyuely 
haue endured prosperously many heyres / ye a v or
vj honderd yere / and somme a thousand / And in this noble 
cyte of london / it can vnnethe contynue vnto the thyrd heyr
<P 78>
or scarcely to the second / O blessyd lord whanne J remembre
this J am al abasshyd / J can not Juge the cause / but fayrer
ne wyser ne bet bespoken children in theyre yongthe ben nowher
than ther ben in london / but at their ful rypyng ther is no
carnel ne good corn founden but chaff for the moost parte / J
wote wel there be many noble and wyse / and proue wel &
ben better and rycher than euer were theyr faders / And to
thende that many myght come to honoure and worshyppe / J
entende to translate this sayd book of cathon / in whiche J     #
doubte
not / and yf they wylle rede it and vnderstande they shal
moche better conne rewle them self ther by / For among all
other bookes this is a synguler book / and may well be callyd
the Regyment or gouernaunce of the body and sowle /
There was a noble clerke named pogius of Florence / And
was secretary to pope Eugenye / & also to pope Nycholas whiche
had in the cyte of Florence a noble & well stuffed lybrarye /
whiche alle noble straungyers comynge to Florence desyred
to see / And therin they fonde many noble and rare bookes
And whanne they had axyd of hym whiche was the best boke
of them alle / and that he reputed for best / He sayd / that he
helde Cathon glosed for the best book of his lyberarye / Thenne
syth that he that was so noble a Clerke helde this book for the
best / doubtles / hit must folowe that this is a noble booke /  #
and
a vertuous / and suche one that a man may eschewe alle vyces
and ensiewe vertue / Thenne to thende that this sayd book may
prouffyte vnto the herars of it / J byseche Almyghty god that
J may acheue and accomplysshe it vnto his laude and glorye
And to therudicion and lernynge of them that ben ygnoraunt
that they maye there by prouffyte and be the better / And J
requyre and byseche alle suche that fynde faute or errour /     #
that
of theyr charyte they correcte and amende hit / And J shalle
hertely praye for them to Almyghty god / that he rewarde
them


<P 88>
[}XXII}]
[}THE FABLES OF ESOPE}]
[} [\EPILOGUE\] }]
   Now thenne J wylle fynysshe alle these fables wyth
this tale that foloweth whiche a worshipful preest and
a parsone told me late / he sayd / that there were duellynge
in Oxenford two prestes bothe maystres of arte / of whome
that one was quyck and coude putte hym self forth / And
that other was a good symple preest / And soo it happed that
the mayster that was perte and quyck was anone promoted
to a benefyce or tweyne / and after to prebendys / and for to   #
be
a Dene of a grete prynces chappel / supposynge and wenynge
that his felaw the symple preest shold neuer haue be promoted
but be alwey an Annuel / or at the most a parysshe preest / So
after longe tyme that this worshipful man this dene came        #
rydynge
in to a good paryssh with a x or xij horses / lyke a prelate /
and came in to the chirche of the sayd parysshe / and fond
there this good symple man somtyme his felawe / whiche cam
and welcomed hym lowely / And that other badde hym good
morowe mayster Johan / and toke hym sleyghtly by the hand
and axyd hym where he dwellyd / And the good man sayd /
in this paryssh / how sayd he / are ye here a sowle preest or   #
a paryssh
preste / nay syr said he / for lack of a better though I be not
able ne worthy J am parson and curate of this parysshe / and
thenne that other aualed his bonet and said mayster parson I
praye you to be not displeasyd / J had supposed ye had not
be benefyced / But mayster sayd he / J pray you what is this
benefyce worth to yow a yere / Forsothe sayd the good symple
man / I wote neuer / for I make neuer accomptes therof / how
wel J haue hit four or fyue yere / And knowe ye not said
he what it is worth / it shold seme a good benefyce / No        #
forsothe
sayd he / but J wote wel what it shalle be worth to me /
why sayd he / what shalle hit be worth / Forsothe sayd he / yf  #
J
doo my trewe dylygence in the cure of my parysshens in prechyng
and techynge / and doo my parte longynge to my cure / I shalle
haue heuen therfore / And yf theyre sowles ben lost or ony of
<P 89>
them by my defawte / J shall be punysshed therfore / And herof
am J sure / And with that word the ryche dene was abasshed
And thought he shold be the better / and take more hede to his
cures and benefyces than he had done / This was a good answere
of a good preest and an honest / And here with J fynysshe 
this book / translated & emprynted by me William Caxton
at westmynstre in thabbey / And fynysshed the xxvj daye
of Marche the yere of oure lord MCCCC lxxxiiij / And the
fyrst yere of the regne of kyng Rychard the thyrdde


<P 90>
[}XXIV}]
[}CANTERBURY TALES}]
[} [\PROHEMYE\] }]
   Grete thankes laude and honour / ought to be gyuen
vnto the clerkes / poetes / and historiographs
that haue wreton many noble bokes of wysedom
of the lyues / passions / & myracles of holy sayntes
of hystoryes / of noble and famous Actes / and
faittes / And of the cronycles sith the begynnyng
of the creacion of the world / vnto thys present tyme / by      #
whyche
we ben dayly enformed / and have knowleche of many thynges /
of whom we shold not haue knowen / yf they had not left to vs
theyr monumentis wreton / Emong whom and inespecial to fore
alle other we ought to gyue a synguler laude vnto that noble &
grete philosopher Gefferey chaucer the whiche for his ornate    #
wrytyng
in our tongue may wel haue the name of a laureate poete /
For to fore that he by hys labour enbelysshyd / ornated / and
made faire our englisshe / in thys Royame was had rude speche &
Incongrue / as yet it appiereth by olde bookes / whyche at      #
thys day
ought not to haue place ne be compared emong ne to hys          #
beauteuous
volumes / and aournate writynges / of whom he made many
bokes and treatyces of many a noble historye as wel in metre
as in ryme and prose / and them so craftyly made / that he      #
comprehended
hys maters in short / quyck and hye sentences / eschewyng
prolyxyte / castyng away the chaf of superfluyte / and
shewyng the pyked grayn of sentence / vtteryd by crafty and     #
sugred
eloquence / of whom emonge all other of hys bokes / I purpose
temprynte by the grace of god the book of the tales of          #
cauntyrburye /
in whiche I fynde many a noble hystorye / of euery astate
and degre / Fyrst rehercyng the condicions / tharraye of eche
of them as properly as possyble is to be sayd / And after theyr
tales whyche ben of noblesse / wysedom / gentylnesse / Myrthe   #
/ and
also of veray holynesse and vertue / wherin he fynysshyth thys
sayd booke / whyche book I haue dylygently ouersen and duly
examyned to thende that it be made acordyng vnto his owen       #
makyng /
For I fynde many of the sayd bookes / whyche wryters
<P 91>
haue abrydgyd it and many thynges left out / And in
somme place haue sette certayn versys / that he neuer made ne   #
sette
in hys booke / of whyche bookes so incorrecte was one brought   #
to
me vj yere passyd / whyche I supposed had ben veray true &      #
correcte /
And accordyng to the same I dyde do enprynte a certayn
nombre of them / whyche anon were sold to many and dyuerse
gentyl men / of whome one gentylman cam to me / and said that
this book was not accordyng in many places vnto the book that
Gefferey chaucer had made / To whom I answerd that I had made   #
it
accordyng to my copye / and by me was nothyng added ne
mynusshyd / Thenne he sayd he knewe a book whyche hys fader
had and moche louyd / that was very trewe / and accordyng vnto
hys owen first book by hym made / and sayd more yf I wold
enprynte it agayn he wold gete me the same book for a copye /
how be it he wyst wel / that hys fader wold not gladly departe
fro it / To whom I said / in caas that he coude gete me suche   #
a book
trewe and correcte / yet I wold ones endeuoyre me to enprynte   #
it
agayn / for to satysfye thauctour / where as to fore by         #
ygnouraunce
I erryd in hurtyng and dyffamyng his book in dyuerce places
in settyng in some thynges that he neuer sayd ne made / and     #
leuyng
out many thynges that he made whyche ben requysite to be
sette in it / And thus we fyll at accord / And he ful gentylly
gate of hys fader the said book / and delyuerd it to me / by    #
whiche
I haue corrected my book / as here after alle alonge by thayde  #
of
almyghty god shal folowe / whom I humbly beseche to gyue me
grace and ayde to achyeue / and accomplysshe / to hys laude     #
honour
and glorye / and that alle ye that shal in thys book rede or
heere / wyll of your charyte emong your dedes of mercy /        #
remembre
the sowle of the sayd Gefferey chaucer first auctour / and      #
maker
of thys book / And also that alle we that shal see and rede
therin / may so take and vnderstonde the good and vertuous      #
tales /
that it may so prouffyte / vnto the helthe of our sowles / that
after thys short and transitorye lyf we may come to euerlastyng
lyf in heuen / Amen
By Wylliam Caxton



<B CMCAPCHR>
<Q M4 NN HIST CAPCHR>
<N CHRON CAPGRAVE>
<A CAPGRAVE JOHN>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CAPGRAVE, JOHN.
TEXT:  CAPGRAVE'S CHRONICLE.
JOHN CAPGRAVE'S ABBREUIACION OF CRONICLES.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 285.
ED. P. J. LUCAS. 
OXFORD, 1983. 
PP. 209.16 - 217.30 (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 238.21 - 249.19 (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 209>
   In +te xxi +gere of Richard, in +tat same parlement +te      #
kyng procured
ful sotilly +tat, be +te consent of all +te statis of +te       #
parlement,
+tat +te power of certeyn peticiones, whech were porrect in +te
parlement, mite be determined be certeyn persones vii or viii
aftir +te parlement was do. This graunted, +te kyng put in his
stile 'Prince of Chestir', and +tan mad he certeyn dukes: +te   #
erl of
Derby, duke of Herforth; Erl Marchale, duke of Norfolk; Erl
Rutland, duke of Albemarle; erl of Kent, duke of Suthrey;
erl of Huntingdon, duke of Excetir; +te cuntesse of Norfolk,
duchesse of +te same; +te erl of Somirsete, markeis of          #
Northfolk;
+te Lord Spencer, erl of Gloucetir; +te Lord Neuile, erl of     #
Westmorlond; 
Ser William Scrop, erl of Wiltschere; Ser Thomas
Percy, erl of Wicestir; and to +tese lordes gaue he mech of +te
liflod of +te duke of Gloucetir, erl of Warwik, and erl of      #
Arundel.
He purchased eke bullis of +te pope, whech confermed al +tat    #
was
<P 210>
do in +te parlement, and grete censuris were +tere ageyn all    #
+tat
schuld breke hem.
   In +tis +gere +te kyng exiled +te duke of Norfolk, and set   #
grete
peynes +tat no man schuld pray for him. And +tis was do +tat    #
same
day tweluemonth in whech first day +te duke of Gloucetir was
suffocat at Caleys.
   In +tis +gere +te kyng translate Jon, bischop of Lincoln,    #
onto +te
cherch of Chestir, and +te cherch of Lincoln gaue he to Herry
Beuforth, on of +te childirn of +te duke of Lancastir and       #
Katerine
Swynforth. Jon, +tat was bischop of Lincoln, wold not admitte
+tis translacion, but went to Cauntirbyry, to Crist Cherch, and
+tere deied amongis +te munkis.
   In +tis tyme cam a messanger fro +te pope, Petrus de Bosco,
Bischop Aquitense, for to pray +te king +tat he schuld suffir   #
his
ligemen to haue prouisiones of +te popes hand, and to distroye  #
+tat
writ (\Quare impedit\) . But because +te patrones wold not      #
consent
+terto, +terfor +te king honoured him with grete giftis, and    #
sent him
hom ageyn.
   In +tis tyme was founde a gret summe of mony at Rome in a
rotin wal, whech was +te tresoure of Heleyn, Constantyn modir,
for in +te serkil was writin hir name, and euery pes +terof     #
was worth
XXs. With +tis mony +te pope ded renewe +te Capitol and +te
Castell Aungel.
   In +te xxii +gere, in +te fest of circumcision, a depe       #
watir in 
Bedforthschire,
+tat rennyth betwix Snelleston and Harleswode,
sodeynly stood stille, and departed him into o+tir place, and   #
+te
ryuer +tat was wete before stood drye iii myle o length, +tat   #
men
myte go ouyr. This merueyle betokned, men seide, gret dyuysion
+tat schuld falle in +te puple.
   In +tat tyme Roger Mortimer, erl of March, was deceyued
be +te Erischmen and slayn. Whan +te kyng knew it, he purposed
<P 211>
for to venge his deth and make a jornay into Yrlond, upon whech
he purueyed mech +ting of his ligis, and payed rite not, so     #
+tat ny
all men hated him.
   In +tis tyme deied Jon, duke of Lancastir, and was byried at
Seyn Paules, in London. Aftir his deth +te kyng, +tat had       #
exiled
Herry, his son, for x +gere, now he exiled him for euyr,        #
forbedyng
all his receyuoures +tat +tei schul gader no mony to profite    #
of her
lord, notwithstanding he had graunted hem patentis befor, +tat
+tei schuld gader a certeyn summe for her lordis redempcion,    #
+tat
he mite with his good purchace +te kyngis grace.
   In +tis same tyme +te kyng borowid more good of dyuers men,
and bond him be patent letteris to pay hem at certeyn dayes,    #
whech
he neuyr payed. Than sent he to all +te schreues +tat +tei      #
schuld make
+te puple to swere newly ageyn +tat +tei schuld be trewe to     #
+te kyng.
And +to men +tat were counted rich were bore on hande +tat      #
+tei had
consented to +te tretoures +tat were ded, and so were +tei      #
compelled
to pay grete summes. Euery persone, of what degre` he was, if
+tei were accused +tat +tei had seid ony word in derogacion of
+te kyng, +tere was no mercy but payment or prison. And +tis 
mad +te puple to hate +te kyng, and caused gret murmour in the
puple.
   Aboute +te fest of Pentcost +te kyng went into Yrland, with  #
his
Chestirreres, and with +te Dukes Awlmarre and Excetir, +te      #
eyeres
eke of Gloucetir and Herforth, certeyn bischoppis, and +te      #
abbot
of Westminster, +tat he myte make a parlement whan he wold.
   In +tis tyme, whil he was in Yrlond, +te duke of Lancastir,
Herry, beryng heuyly his exile and eke priuacioun of his        #
heritage,
and considering who euel-beloued +te kyng was of his lychmen,
+tinking +tat now was tyme for to entir, cam into +te se with   #
Thomas,
bischop of Cauntyrbury, and +te son and eyer of +te erl of      #
Herforth,
whech had with him at +tat tyme but xv speres. Thus Herry kept
<P 212>
him in +te se, appering now in o cost, now in a othir, lokyng   #
euyr if
ony resistens schuld be mad to lette him of his londing.
   Whan Ser Edmund, duke of +Gork, herd +tese tydyngis +tat
Duke Herri was in +te se, because he was +te kyngis vncil, and  #
eke
keper of +te rem in +te kyngis absens, he cleped onto him Ser
Edmund Stafford, bischop of Chestir, and chaunceler at +tat     #
tyme,
and +te tresorer, William Scrop, erl of Wiltschere, and +tese   #
knytes
of +te kyngis councel, Jon Bussy, William Bagot, Thomas Grene,
and Jon Russel. They +tus gadered he asked councell what was    #
best
to do in +tis mater, and what resistens mite be had ageyn Duke
Herry. They seyde it was best to go to Seynt Albonis, and       #
gader +te
cuntre`, and with +tat strength mete with +te duke. But her     #
councel
was nowt, for, whan +te puple was gadered, +tei seide +tei      #
knew nowt
of Duke Herry but as of a good lord and a trewe, and a man      #
whech
had suffered mech wrong, wherfor +tei wold not let him to come
and receyue his dew heritage. Than +te tresorer and +tese iiii
knytes lefte +te duke of +Gork, and fled to +te castell of      #
Bristow.
   And +te duke of Lancastir londid at Rauenesporne, fast be
Grymisby, in +te translacion of Seynt Martyn, no man makyng
resistens. To him cam anon Herry, erl of Northhumbirlond, and
Herry Percy, his son, and Raf Neuyle, erl of Westmorland, and   #
so
many mo +tat within fewe dayes +te noumbir of fytyng men cam
onto lx +tousand. Than was her comon councel at +te first to
destroye Kyng Richardis euel councel. So cam +tei to Bristow,
and took alle +tat were +tere, and smet of her hedis, saue      #
William
Bagot, for, er +tei cam, he was fled to Chestir and so sailed   #
into
Erland.
   Whan Kyng Richard herd in Erlond of +te coming of Herry,
anon he took +te se with +te dukes of Awmarle, Excetir, and     #
Sotherey,
and Bischoppis London, Lincoln, and Carlil, +tat he schuld mete
<P 213>
+te duke with strong hand or he had gadered ony power. Whan he
was com to Ynglond, and herd telle what power Duke Herry had
with him, and vndirstood who many heuy hertis he had in +te
puple, he left all his puple and soute pryuy places, where he   #
myte
best dwelle, for +te duke of Lancastir euyr folowid him. At +te
last he was founde in +te castell of Conweye, and +tere         #
desired he to
speke with Thomas Arundel, bischop of Cauntirbiri, and +te erl  #
of
Northumbirland. To hem seid he +tat he wold resigne his regaly,
and all +tat longe +terto, saue +te carectis of his soule, so   #
+tat his lif
schuld be graunted him, and sufficient liflod to him and viii
persones. Thei graunted his peticioun, and broute him forth to  #
+te
castel of Flynt, where +te duk and he had but a smal talkyng,   #
and
+tan rydyn to +te castell of Chestir.
   In +te xx day of August, +te xlvii fro +te tyme +tat +te     #
duke entered
into Ynglond, +te kyng +gald him to +te duke, and all his       #
tresore, his
ornamentis, and his hors cam to +te dukes hand. The lordis and  #
all
+te host +tat cam with +te king were robbid be northen men and
Walschmen withoute mercy. Fro +tat place was +te king led to
London to +te Tour.
   And in +tis tyme were sent writtis +torowoute +te lond +tat  #
+te
parlement schuld be at London at Myhilmesse, to whech parlement
all men were cited whech of custome schuld be +tere, and +tese
writtis were sent vndir +te name of Kyng Richard. Whan +tis     #
tyme
was come, euene on Mihelmesse Day, +te kyng in +te Tour, with
good wil, as it semed, and mery chere, red +te act of his       #
cessacion
before +tese lordis and o+tir men present: arsbischop of        #
Cauntirbury,
Thomas Arundel; +te o+tir, of +Gork, Richard Scrop; Jon,        #
bischop
of Herforth; Herry, duke of Lancastir; Herry, erl of            #
Northumbirland;
Raf, erl of Westmorland; Hew, Lord Burnel; Thomas,
Lord Berkle`; abbot of Westminster; priour of Cauntirbyry;
Lordis Ros, Wilbey, and Bergeueny; William +Tirnyng, and Jon
<P 214>
Markam, justises; Thomas Stoke, and Jon Burbage, Doctoures
of Canon; Thomas Erpyngham, and Thomas Grey, knites;
William Ferby, and Dyonise Lopham, notaries - before all +tese
red he his resignacion and assoyled all his ligemen fro +te     #
treuth
and +te oth whech +tei had mad to him. And +tis renunciacion
was openly red in Westminster Halle, and euery state singulerly
inqwyred who +tei likid +tis, and +tei saide all +tei           #
consented +tertoo.
   (\Anno\) 6597-6610; 1399-1412. In +te +gere of oure Lord     #
1399, in
+te fest of Seyn Jerom, aftir +tis renunciacion, +te kyngis     #
sete +to
voyde, +te forseid Herry, duke of Lancastir, ros in +te         #
parlement and
stood up +tat men myte se him, blessed him with +te merk of +te
crosse, and saide swech wordes: - 

(\In Dei nomine, Amen.\) I, Herry Lancastir, chalenge +te
corown with al +te membris +tat long +terto as for descense of
+te real blod of Kyng Herry, be whech rite God hath graunted 
me for to entir with help of my kynred.

And whan all +te states of +te parlement had consented to his
chaleng, +te arschbischop of Cauntirbiry took him be +te rite   #
hand,
and sette him in +te kyngis se. Than was it proclamed +tat a    #
new
parlement schuld begynne +te next Munday aftir, and on Seint
Edward day folowing schuld +te king be corowned, and +tis was
fulfillid in dede.
   This Herry had +tat tyme sex childyrn be Dam Mary, doutir to
+te erl of Herforth: +te eldest son hite Herry; +te secunde,    #
Thomas;
+te +tirde, Jon; +te fourte, Humfrey; to douteris had he eke -  #
on of
hem was weddid into Denemarc.
   Thus was he crowned on Seynt Edward day and anoynted with
+tat holy oyle +tat was take to Seynt Thomas of Cauntirbury be
oure Lady, and he left it in Frauns. This oyle was closed in a  #
egel of
gold and +tat egil put in a crowet of ston, and be reuelacion   #
Herry,
+te first duke of Lancastir fond it, and brout it hom to        #
Ynglond,
<P 215>
and gaue it to +te Prince Edward, to +tis effect, +tat aftir    #
his faderes
deces he schuld be anoynted with +te same. And aftir +te        #
princes
deth it was left in +te kyngis tresory, and neuyr man tok kep   #
+terto
til, a litil before +tat +te king exiled +te Bischop Thomas,    #
+tis relik was
found, and certeyn writing +teron, as Thomas of Cauntirbury     #
left
it. Than was Kyng Richard glad, and desired of +te bischop to   #
be
anoynted new, but he wold not. But for al +tat +te kyng bare    #
it with
him into Yrland, and whan he was take in his coming ageyn, he
dylyuered it to Tomas Arundel, and soo was Herry crowned
with +te same.
   In +tis parlement +te kyng, with consent of alle +te hous,   #
mad his
son Herri prince of Walis and duke of Cornwaile, and eke erl of
Chestir, and aftir +tat duke of Gian.
   In +tat parlement +te kyng gaue to +te erl of                #
Northumbirlond +te
Yle of Man, with +tis addicion, +tat he schuld bere before +te  #
kyng
+te same swerd with whech he cam into Inglond. He gaue eke to
+te erl of Westmorland +te erldam of Richmund. And ageyn hem
+tat appeled and accused +te duke of Gloucetir +tis sentens     #
was
pronounsed: - 

The lordis of +tis present parlement decerne and deme +tat +te
Duke Awmarle, and duke of Suthrey, and eke of Excetir,
schul lese her names, her honour, and her dignite`, and +te
markeis of Dorcete and +te erle of Gloucetir schul lese +te     #
same
for hem and her eyeris. And all +te castell and maneris, whech
were +te dukes of Gloucetir, +tei schul lese withoute ony       #
grace,
and all +te godes +tat +tei had sith +tat tyme +tat he was      #
arested
+tei schuld forgo. Tho +tat +tei had befor +tat tyme +tei       #
schuld
haue stille, but +tei schuld gyue no lyueries, as o+tir lordis
doo. And if euyr it may be knowe +tat +tei make ony gadering
in coumfort of Richard, sumtyme kyng, +tei to be punchid as
tretoures.

<P 216>
   In +te secund +gere of +tis kyng +te erlis of Kent,          #
Salesbury, and
Huntingdon, onkende onto +te kyng, risin ageyn him - vnkynde
were +tei, for +te puple wold haue hem ded, and +te king        #
spared hem.
These men, +tus gadered, purposed to falle on +te kyng          #
sodeynly at
Wyndesore vndir +te colour of mummeres in Cristmasse tyme. The
kyng was warned of +tis, and fled to London. These men knew
not +tat, but cam to Wyndesore with iiii hundred armed men,
purposing to kille +te king and his progenie, and restore       #
Richard
ageyn onto +te crowne. Whan +tei cam to Windesore, and +tus     #
were
deceyued, +tei fled to a town where +te qween lay, fast by      #
Radyngis,
and +tere before +te qwenes houshold he blessed him, +tis erl   #
of
Kent. 'O benedicite', he seide,

who may +tis bee, +tat Herry of Lancastir fled fro my presens,
he +tat is so wor+ti man of armes? Therfor, frendis, know
+tis, +tat Herry of Lancastir hath take +te Tour at London,
and oure very kyng, Richard, hath brokyn prison, and hath
gadered a hundred +tousand fytyng men.

So gladed he +te qween with lyes, and rod forth to Walyngforth,
and fro Walingforth to Abyngdon, warnyng all men be +te weye
+tat +tei schuld make hem redy to help Kyng Richard. Thus cam   #
he
to Cicetir late at euen. The men of +te town had suspecion to   #
hem,
+tat her tydyngis were lyes (as it was in dede), risen, and     #
kept +te
entre`s of +te innes, +tat non of hem mite passe. There faute   #
+tei in
+te town fro midnyte onto ix of clok in +te morow. But +te town
drow hem oute of the abbey and smet of many of her hedis. The
erl of Salesbury was ded +tere, and worthi, for he was a gret
fauorer of Lollardis, a despiser of sacramentis, for he wold    #
not be
confessed whan he schuld deie.
   The erl of Huntingdon herd of +tis, and fled into Esex, and
as often as he assaied to take +te se, so often was he bore of
with +te wynde. Than was he take be +te comones, and led to
<P 217>
Chelmisforth, and +tan to Plasche`, and his hed smet of in +te  #
same
place where he arestid +te duke of Gloucetir. In +te same tyme
Ser Thomas Spencer, whech was cleped erle of Gloucetir, was
take and heded at Bristow, and many o+tir were so ded be +te
comownes.
   This cam to Kyng Richardis ere in +te castel of Poumfreit,   #
and
as sum men sey, he peyned himself and deyed for hungir. Summe
othir seide +tat he was kept fro mete and drink whil a knyte    #
rode to
London and cam ageyn. His body aftir his deth was caried to
London, and at Seynt Paules had his dyrige and his masse, +te
kyng +tere present. Than was +te body sent fro London onto
Langle`, for to be beried among +te Frere Prechoures. At +te
byriyng was +te bischop of Chestir, +te abbot of Seynt          #
Albones, and
+te abbot of Waltham, and fewe othir.
   In +tat same +gere +te schippis of Lenne, whech fischid at   #
Aberden,
took certeyn schippis of Scotlond, with her amyrel, Ser Robert
Logon, knyte, and broute hem home to Lenne. 
   In +tis +gere began +te rebellion of Walis ageyn +te kyng,   #
vndir
a capteyn cleped Howeyn Glendor, whech Howeyn was first a
prentise of cort, and +tan a swyere in +te kingis hous, but     #
for a discord
+tat fel betwix him and Ser Reynald Grey Riffyn for certeyn
lond, first he faut with +te tenauntis of +te same lord, and    #
because
+te kyng pursewid him for brekyng of +te pes, he fled into      #
Walis,
and whan +te kyng folowid him +tidir, he fled into te hillis of
Snowdon, and +te kyngis labour was frustrate.
   In +tis same +gere cam +te emperour of Constantinople into
Inglond for to haue sum socour ageyn +te Turkis. The Kyng
Herry met him on +te Blakeheth on Seint Thomas day +te apostil,
and led him to London, and +tere had he good hostel at +te      #
kyngis
cost, and aftir went he ageyn with large giftis. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 238>
   6612; 1414. In +te +gere folowand he held a parlement at     #
London,
in whech parlement he asked no subsidy of no man, and +tat was
grete plesauns to +te puple; for +tere was no parlement many    #
day
but sum subsidie was graunted.
   In +tis same +gere a grete part of Norwich was brent, and a  #
fayre
couent of +te Prechoures ordir.
   Eke in +tis +gere Thomas, duke of Clarens, cam hom fro Gian,
and +te king held a solempne terment for his fader at           #
Cauntirbury.
   In a councell at London +tis +gere was ordeyned +tat +te     #
festes of
Seynt George and Seynt Dunstan schuld be dobbil festes.
<P 239>
   Alexaundir, bischop of Norwich, deied +tis +gere, and aftir  #
him
was Maistir Richard Courtnei bischop, a ful able man to +tat
degre`.
   In +tis same tyme +te Lollardis, +tat condempned +te         #
teching of
+te prophetis, +te gospel, and +te aposteles, set up billis on  #
+te
cherch-dores, in whech billes was conteyned +tat a hundred
+tousand were redy for to rise and distroye all hem +tat wold   #
not
consent to her secte and her opiniones. Thei trosted mech on    #
+te
witte and on +te power of a certeyn knyte +tei cleped Ser Jon
Oldcastell. He was cleped Cobbam, for he had weddid a woman ny
of +tat lordis kyn. A strong man in bataile he was, but a grete
heretik, and a gret enmye to +te Cherch. For his cause +te      #
archbischop
gadered a councel at London, for he sent oute prestis for
to preche whech were not admitted be non ordinarie, and he was
present at her sermones, and alle +tei +tat seide ageyn his     #
prestis
was he redy to smite with his swerd.
   For +tese causes and many mo, because he was a knyte of +te
kyngis houshold, +te arcbischop compleyned of him to +te kyng.
Aftir mech labour to his amendement, +te kyng wrot to +te       #
archbischop
+tat he schuld somoun him to appere and answere. The
knyte lay +tat tyme in his castell, cleped Coulyng. The         #
messager
+tat was sent was warned +tat he schuld not entir his castell   #
but
if he had leue. Than entered onto +te castell on Jon Butler,    #
+tat
was vscher of +te kyngis chambir, and he asked +te knite        #
whe+tir
+te somnour schuld come to him or he schuld sende him +te
lettir. The knyte refused both.
   Than was +te somownes set on +te monasteri dores in          #
Rouchestir,
<P 240>
but iii mile fro him. And at a day assined +te archbischop in   #
+te
castell of Ledis cursed him for contumacie and grete fautour of
heretikes. Aftir +tis, on a Satirday, aftyr +te fest of Seint   #
Matheu
apostil and euangelist, +te archbischop sat in Paules           #
chapeterhous,
And with him Herry of Wynchestir and Richard of London
bischoppis, and Ser Robert Morle` at comaundment of +te kyng
(+tan keper of +te Towre) broute +tis knyte Oldcastell onto +te
presens of +tese bischoppis.
   There +te bischop rehersed +tat for contumacie he stood      #
acursed,
and if he wold mekely submitte him to +te Cherch he wold asoile
him. Oldcastel stood and wold not aske it, but took oute of his
bosom a bille endented, and whan he had red it, took it to +te
bischoppis. Than seid +te archbischop.

Lo, Ser Jon, here be many good +tingis in +goure bille,
but +ge must answere to o+tir +tingis +tat be put on +gou,      #
touching
+te sacrament of +te auter, and +te power of +te Cherch,
and mech o+tir +ting.

He seide to +tis +tat he wold gyue no o+tir answere +tan was    #
writin 
in his bille. Than +te archbischop took him certeyn articules   #
in
a bille, to whech he assigned him +tat he schuld answere on +te
Moneday folowand.
   And whan +te day was come, +te archbischop inqwired of him
if he wold be assoiled aftir +te forme of +te Cherch. He seid   #
'Nay';
he loked aftir no absolucion but of God. And of +te sacrament   #
of
+te auter he seid +tus: - 

Euene as Crist, whil he went here, was God and man - +te
manhod mite men se, but not +te godhed - so in +tis sacrament
is Cristis bodi and bred - +te bred may men se, but not
Cristis body.

He seid more, +tat '+te determinacion of +te Cherch and +te     #
doctoures, 
+tat sei +te reuers, ar pleynly ageyn Holy Scripture'.
<P 241>
For +te sacrament of penauns he seide +tat what man +tat is in
greuous synne and coude not rise fro his synne, 'it is ful      #
necessarie
+tat he haue a wise preest to telle him +te maner of his        #
amendment,
but +tat a man schuld be schriue to his propir prest, or to a   #
othir
preest, it is no nede, for contricion withoute confessioun      #
purgith
al synne'. For worchipyng of +te crosse he seide +tat body      #
+tat hing
on +te crosse schuld be worchipid, and no+ting but he. And whan
+tei asked him what worchip he wold do to +te ymage on +te      #
crosse,
he seide he wold wipe it, and kepe it clene. Than +tei asked    #
him
what he seid of +te pope. He seid '+te pope is Antecrist;       #
bischoppis
be his membris, and freris be his tayl.'
   The archbishop sey no o+tir amendment in +tis man,           #
condempned
him for a heretik, and left him to seculer hand. And
+tan went he to +te kyng, and told him al +te processe,         #
praying +te
kyng to graunt him lif xl dayes, +tat he mite do penauns. But   #
+tis
indulgens turned onto gret mischef, for within +too xl dayes he
brak oute of +te Tour, and sent letteris onto his secte. For    #
al +tat
tyme, for his euasion about Myhilmesse onto +te ephiphanie, he
mad him strong to distroye +te kyng and many o+tir. And +tei    #
+tat
were gadered to go with him, if +tei mad question to what       #
entent
+tei schuld rise, +tis answere had +tei: 'It skil +gou not, so  #
+ge haue
good wagis and treuly payed'.
   The king kept Cristmasse at Eltham, and Cobbam, with
his retenew, had +toute to fulfille his entent. The kyng was    #
warned
of +tis mater be certeyn men +tat had consciens and were of     #
councel
with Cobbam, and sodeynly +te kyng remeued onto Westminster.
The Lolardis were warned +tat +tei schuld gader in Seint Gilis
Feld, for +tere schuld come to hem oute of London l +tousand,   #
as
was behite hem. But +te king was war of al +tis, and comaunded
London gates to be sperd and kept. He sent owte eke men of
armes be dyuers weyes, whech apposed hem +tat cam rennyng in
hast whedir +tei schuld, and +tei seide to Cobham. Thus were
take and slayn +tousandis. The kyng was in +te feld sone aftir
mydnyte. This aspied Cobbam; he fled, and many with him.
<P 242>
Many of his were take, and hang and drawe and brent. On was
+tere of Dunstable, a special scoler of +tis secte, +tei        #
cleped him
William Morle`. Oldcastell had behote him +tat he schuld be a
knyte; and, in proue of +tat beheste, +tei fond with him too    #
stedis,
and gilt sporis in his bosum.
   In +tis +gere +te kyng foundid thre houses of religion fast  #
be his
place, whech +tei clepe Schene: on, of +te monkis of            #
Charterhous;
anothir, cleped Celestines: thei kepe Seint Benet reule (\ad    #
litteram\) ,
as +tei sey - thei are constreyned for to be recluses for       #
euyr. The
+tird is of Seynt Bride ordir: +tei haue Seynt Austyn reule,    #
with
certeyn additamentis, and +tei clepe it now 'the reule of oure
Sauiour'. Thei haue no+ting, propir peny ne halfpeny, ne touche
no mony. The noumbir of hem is sistiris lx, prestis xiii,       #
dekenes
iiii, lewed men viii; whech acordith to +te noumbir of xiii     #
aposteles
and lxxii discipules. Thei were no lynand, but wolland. Thei
haue o cherch, +te women aboue, +te men be +te ground. Aftir
her profession no man may license hem but +te pope. This        #
religion
must haue sufficient dotacion. Before +te fest of Al Seintis    #
+tei
must counte +tat +tei haue sufficiently for +te nest +gere,     #
and al +te
remanent +tei schul gyue in elmesse. On of +te xiii prestis     #
schal
+tei chese to her confessour, and to him schal +tei alle obeye.
No seculer man ne woman schal entyr +te nunnes cloystir.
   6613; 1415. In +te +tird +gere of +tis kyng were chosen      #
worchipful
men to go to +te councell at Constauns: +tese bischoppis,       #
Salesburi,
Herforth, and Bathe, +te abbot of Westminster, and +te priour
of Wircetir, with othir clerkis; with hem eke went +te erle of
Warwik. Ther were gadered +te collegis of Gregori and Petir de
Luna. Gregori resined his rite up condicion Petir schuld do +te
same. He was in Aragony. Jon, +tat was at Rome mad, was loth
to resine, but be +te emperour he was induct +tat he schuld do  #
it.
Mech joye was mad, euery man supposing +tat +tis mater schuld
haue good ende. But +tis Jon be nyte fled with +te duke of      #
Ostrich
<P 243>
into a cite` of his, and sent letteris to +te emperour +tat he  #
fled for
no o+tir cause but for +te eyer at Constance was not heilsom to
him. And whan he was sent for, to com to +te councel, he        #
disgised
him, and fled with +te duke. That sey +te emperour, and rood    #
into
Ostrich, and took +te duke and him eke. Jon was broute to +te
councell in +te same aray +tei toke him in, schort clo+tis,     #
lich a
malandryn. There was he robbed of mech good whech he had
gadered. This was noysed in Ynglond, and a gret summe of
mony, whech was gadered for him in a hucch at Poules, was
take oute and spent in bettir vse.
   In +tis tyme, aftir many tretis betwix +tis lond and Frauns,
and no+ting +tat +tei profered was acording to reson, +te kyng  #
mad
redy his schippis at Southampton to spede him to his conquest.
And +tere were thre notabill men +tat had conspired his deth.
On was Herry Scrop, on whom +te kyng trostid moost, and be
whos councell al +ting was doo. Sobir was +te man in word and
chere, and vndir +tat ypocrisie had he a ful venemous hert. He
had a felawe consentyng onto him, Richard, erl of Cambrig,
and Thomas Grey, a knyte of +te north. But er +tei broute       #
aboute
her conclusion +tei were detecte, condempned be her peres,
and ded.
   In +tis tyme +te Lolardis risin ageyn. Wenyng verily +tat    #
eithir
+te kyng was ded or sailed ouyr +te se, thei coumforted hem ech
to o+tir, and seide, 'Now is +te prince of prestis goo, and     #
oure vttir
enmy'. Her leder, whech had hid him longe tyme fast by          #
Maluerne,
ros fro his den, and sent letteris to +te Lord Bergeueni +tat   #
he
wold be wrechid first upon him. And he, as a wise man, sent
aftir his frendis and his tenauntis and mad a host of a sex     #
+tousand
men. That aspied Oldcastell and fled - no man coude cacch him.
Ther took he a preest of +te secte and o+tir seruauntis of      #
his, whom
+te Lord Bergeueni streytid so +tat +tei told wher Oldcastell   #
was
hid. +Tere founde +tei his armour and his mony. Thei fond +tere
<P 244>
a baner, costfully depeynted with a host and a chalis. They     #
fond
eke baneres depeynted with Crist ful of woundis, +te spere and
+te nayles. Al +tese +tingis were mad for to make simpil folk   #
to
suppose +tat he was a trew zelator of +te feith.
   The kyng with his nauy took +te se, and londid at Kidkaus,
with a +tousand schippis and fyue hundred. He entered +te lond
on a Wednesday, whech was +te vigil of assumpcioun of oure      #
Lady,
and on +te Satirday aftir he leyde sege to +te town of Hareflw,
he be lond, +te schippis be +te watir. And +tis sege lested     #
til +te
Sunday befor Myhilmesse. In +te Tewisday befor +tat Sunday +te
lordes +tat were keperes of +te town sent oute a man onto +te   #
duke
of Clarense, praying him enterly +tat +tei myte trete with +te  #
kyng,
and +tat he schuld make gunneres to sese, for it was to hem
intollerabil. The names of hem were +tese: +te Lord Gaucort,
+te Lord Stuteuyle, +te Lord Boteuyle, and +te Lord Clere. The
duke of Clarens spak for hem to +te kyng, and +te kyng sent to
hem +te erle of Dorset and Ser Thomas Erpingham to knowe her
desire. Thei prayed +te kyng mekely +tat he schuld ses of his   #
schot
onto Sunday, and if +te kyng of Frauns cam not be +tat tyme,    #
+tei
schuld delyuer him +te town. Thei profered him eke +tat, if he
wold gyue hem leue and saue-conduct to ride to +te king of      #
Frauns,
+tei schuld ley plegges xxii knytes with +te best of +te town.  #
So
+te Lord Hakevile and xii persones had leue to ride +torw +te   #
host.
And on +te Wednesday, erly, cam oute of +te town +te lordes,    #
xxii
knytes, swieres, and burgeys of +te town. And ageyn hem +te
kyng sent a solempne procession of prelatis and prestis and +te
sacrament, and aftir folowand lordis, knytes, and +te puple.    #
Whan
+tei had mad a solempne oth, +tei went to mete into +te kyngis 
tent, but +tei sey not +te kyng. Aftir mete +tei were           #
comaunded for
to go with certeyn lordes +tat schuld kepe hem. On +te Sunday
<P 245>
com +te messageres ageyn withoute ony help of kyng or of        #
daufyn.
Therfor +tei +tat were in +te town submitted hem onto +te       #
kyng, and
+tei +tat were with +te kyng, sent be +te Frensch kyng to       #
keping of +te
town, remayned as prisoneres. The kyng mad capteyn of +te
town his vncle, Ser Thomas, erle of Dorset.
   In +tis sege many men deied of cold in nytes, and frute      #
etyng,
eke of stynk of careynes. He deied +tere, Maistir Richard       #
Courtney,
bischop of Norwich, in whos place +te monkes chosen Jon         #
Wakeryng.
Ther deyed eke Mychael at +te Pool. The duke of Clarense,
+te erle of March, +te Erle Arundel, and +te Erle Marchale took
gret seknes +tere.
   The kyng, aftir +tis conquest, purposed to go to Caleys,     #
with
footmen for +te most part; for al his hoost was not acoundid    #
passing
viii +tousand, so many were left seek at Harflew. Merueile it   #
was
+tat he, with so fewe, durst go +torw all +te +tik wodis in     #
+tat cuntre`.
For +te Frensch parti in al +tis tyme had mad an hoost of a     #
hundred
+tousand and fourty +tousand. Vitailes were kept fro hem, +tat
xviii dayes +tei had walnotes for bred, and flech had +tei      #
sum, but
her drynk was watir.
   So in +te xxiiii day of Octobir +te hostis met not a myle    #
asundir.
The kyng coumforted gretly his men +tat +tei schuld trost in    #
God,
for her cause was rithful. The Frensch part stod on +te hill,   #
and
we in +te vale. Betwix hem was a lond new heried, where was
euel fotyng. Schort for to sey, +te feld fel onto +te kyng,     #
and +te
French party lost it, for al her noumbyr and her pride. Ther    #
were
ded +te duke of Lanson, +te duke of Braban, +te duke of Bauer,
v erles, +te constable eke of Frauns, and a hundred lordes,     #
knites
and swieris iiii +tousand sexti and ix - +te comon puple was    #
not
noumbered. These were take: +te duke of Aurelianense, +te
<P 246>
duke of Burbon, +te erles of Ew, and Vendone, Arthure, +te      #
dukis
bro+tir of Bretayn, whech cleymeth to be erle of Richemund, and
a knyte +tei cleped Brucegald, marchale of Frauns, and o+tir    #
were
take +tere of cote-armour into a vii hundred. On oure side were
ded Edward, duke of +Gork, +te erle of Suthfolk, iiii knytes,   #
a swiere,
Dauy Gamme, of +te comones xxviii.
   In +te tyme of +te bataile +te brigauntis of +te Frensch     #
side took
+te kyngis cariage and led it awey, in whech +tei fonde +te     #
kyngis
crowne; +tei mad +te bellis to rynge and men for to synge (\Te
Deum laudamus\) , telling verily +tat +te kyng was ded. But     #
within
fewe houres aftir, her joye was chaunged.
   The king rood to Caleis and ouyr +te se to Douer, and in +te
xxiii day of Nouembir cam to London, and +tere was receyued in
+te best maner.
   6614; 1416. In his iiii +gere was a gret batail betwix +te   #
erl of
Dorcet and +te erle of Armenak, in whech batayle +tere perchid
many on both sides; for +tis Armenak fell upon hem sodeynly.
and +tei were not auised. In +te tyme of +te bataile al her     #
cariage
was stole be +te Frenschmen; so mote +tei nedis go hom on fote.
Thei laboured al +te +Tursday, and on Friday, in +te morownyng,
+tei sey +te Frenschmen on +te hillis comyng downward. Than
sent to +te erl of Dorcet +tis message +te Erl Armenak: 'Now    #
art
+tou so streytid +tat +te se is on +tin o side and we on +te    #
o+tir.
Therfor, be my councell, +geld +te, for ellis schalt +tou       #
deye'. The
erl of Dorcet sent +tis answere ageyn: 'It was neuyr +te maner  #
of
Englischmen to +gelde hem whan +tei myte fite'. So faute +tei,
and +tou+g +te Englisch host had no mo men but xv hundred, +get
<P 247>
had +tei +te bettir of xv +tousand, God and good prayeris hem
helpyng. 
   In +tis tyme was it defendid +tat galey-halfpenies schuld    #
not be 
used, for iii of hem were ful scarsly worth a peny. 
   In +tis +gere, in +te seuene day of May, cam +te Emperor     #
Sigemund
to London, and was loggid in +te kyngis paleys at Westminster   #
- 
the kyng lay at Lambhithe. The emperour offered a ymage of
Seynt George at Wyndesore, mad of +ture gold. There, on Seynt
Georges day, was he mad bro+tir of knites of +te garter, and    #
+tere
receyued +te kingis lyueri, whech he wered on solempne daies al
his lyue.
   At +te fest of Ascencion cam +te duke of Holland, with gret
aray of schippis and vitaile, to speke with +te emperour and    #
+te
kyng. His doutir was weddid to +te +gonger son of +te kyng of
Frauns, whech was now eyer aftir +te daufyn was ded.
   In +te xviii kalend of Julii were +te moost horribil         #
+tunderes and
litynnyngis +tat euyr ony man herd.
   Al +tis somyr men supposed +tat +te emperour schuld a sette
pes betwix Inglond and Frauns, but +te Frensch kyng and his
councell was euyr founde dobil; for, whil +tis trety was in     #
hand, +te
Frenschmen had gadered a gret nauy, with karikis and galeyes,
for to take Harflew. And for +tat cause +te kyng sent his       #
bro+tir,
Jon, duke of Bedford, with certeyn men of Ser Herry Percy,
whech Herry +te kyng had boute oute of prison fro Scotlond,
and with +tis help +tei took and distroyed +te most part of     #
+tat
nauy.
   Sone aftir +tat +te emperour went oute of Ynglond, and in    #
his
<P 248>
goyng he mad his seruauntis for to +trowe billis be +te wey, in
whech was writyn swech sentens: - 

Farewel, with glorious victory,
Blessid Inglond ful of melody.
Thou may be cleped of angel nature,
Thou seruist God so with bysy cure.
We leue with +te +tis praising,
Whech we schul euir sey and sing.      

Many conuenciones were mad betwix +te emperour and +te kyng,
and al her succession dyuyded in xii articles, whech were ageyn
+te ordinauns of oure book, for we +tink +tat it myte be        #
cleped rather
(^Abbreuiacion of Cronicles^) +tan a book. The kyng, +tat men   #
schuld
knowe wel +tat he was redy to haue pes with +te kyng of Frauns,
saylid ouyr +te se with +te emperour to Caleys. There aspied    #
+te
emperour +tat +te proferes on +te French side were but fraude   #
and
sotilte`; +terfor he left hem as +tei were.
   Than mad +te kyng a vnyte` betwix +te duke of Burgayn and
+te emperour. The cause of her debate was +tis. The duke of
Borgayn, long before +te same tyme, his fadir Philip lyuand,    #
was
take prisoner be +te Turkes, and +te emperour boute him ageyn
for a grete summe, whech summe he swore treuly to pay to +te
emperour, whech was +tan but kyng of Hungari. In +tis mater +te
kyng mad +te duke to take dayes and be bound, and forthwith
+te duke ded homage to +te emperour. The emperour fro Caleys
went to Dordraute, and with him went +te duke of Gloucetir and
o+tir, where +tei took leue of +te emperour and cam hom ageyn.
   In +tis tyme on Benedict Wolleman, a citeceyn of London, a
gret Lollard, whech had set up billes of grete erroure, was     #
takyn,
hanged, and drawe on Myhilmasse Day.
   Aftir +tat, in +te parlement, whech was hold at London, on
<P 249>
Seint Luce day, Thomas Beuforth, erle of Dorcete, was mad duke
of Exetir.
   This +gere deied +te kyng of Aragoyne, whech was a gret      #
letter
of +te vnion of Holy Cherch, meyntenyng +te antepope, Petir de
Luna. And notwithstanding +te emperour in his owne persone
exhorted him to +tis vnite`, and he hite +te emperour +tat he   #
schuld
withdrawe his obediens fro +tat same Petir, al availed not,     #
for he
deied sone aftir, and his sone meynteyned +te same erroure.
Eke +tat same Petir, obdurat in malice, charged all his         #
cardinales
+tat aftir his deth thei schuld chese a newe pope of her owne
college.
   In +te same +gere iii beggeres stole iii childyr at Lenne,   #
and of on
+tei put oute his eyne, +te o+tir +tei broke his bak, and +te   #
+tirde +tei
cut of his handis and his feet, +tat men schul of pite` gyue    #
hem
good. Long aftir, +te fadir of on of hem, whech was a           #
marchaund,
cam to London, and +te child knew him, and cryed loude, 'This
is my fader'. The fadir tok his child fro +te beggeres, and     #
mad hem
to be arested. The childirn told all +te processe, and +te      #
beggeris
were hangen, ful wel worthy. 



<B CMGREGOR>
<Q M4 NN HIST CHRLOND>
<N CHRON LONDON>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^GREGORY, WILLIAM.
TEXT:  GREGORY'S CHRONICLE.
THE HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS OF A CITIZEN
OF LONDON IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. 
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XVII. 
ED. J. GAIRDNER. 
WESTMINSTER, 1876. 
PP. 112.28 - 120.30 (AUTHOR UNKNOWN)     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 187.19 - 197.8  (BY WILLIAM GREGORY) (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 112>
   Ande thys same yere be-ganne the generalle Conselle at       #
Custaunce
of alle clargye and of alle maner of nacyons.
Nicholaus Wotton,     William Cambryge     A=o= iiij=o=.
Mayre of London       Alayne Everarde
And in that same yere, onne the morne aftyr Syn Symonnys day
<P 113>
and Jude, that the mayre shulde ryde to Westemyster for to take
hys othe, come tydyngys to London of the batayle a-bove sayde
by the Byschoppe of Worseter, that tyme beyng Chaunceler, for   #
he
come to London erly in the mornynge, and warnyd the mayre.
And thenne thorowe London they lette rynge the bellys in every
chyrche and song (\Te Deum\) ; and at Powlys, at ix of the      #
clocke, the
tydyngys were oppynly proclaymyd to alle the comeners of +t=e=
cytte and to alle othyr strangerys. And thenne the Quene, and
alle hyr byschoppys and alle the lordys +tat were in London     #
that
tyme, wentte to Westemyster on hyr fete a prosessyon to Synt
Edwarde ys schryne, whythe alle the prestys, and clerkys, and
fryers, and alle othyr relygyous men, devoutely syngynge ande
saynge the letanye. And whenne they hadde offerde, the mayre
com home rydynge merely whythe alle hys aldermen and comeners
as they were i-wounte for to doo.

[} (\LE FESTE DE SENTT GORGE A WYNDESORE.\) }]

    Ande thys yere com the Emperowre of Almayne in to London
be-fore the Feste of Synt Gorge. Ande the feste was deferryde
unto hys commynge, and that was done solempny at the castylle
of Wyndesore. And at the prosessyon the kynge went a-pone
the upper-moste syde of the emperowre, and soo alle the masse
tyme he stode a-bove the emperoure. Ande at the mete the kyng
sate on the ryght syde of the emperoure, and the Duke of
Bedforde sate on the lefte syde, and the Chaunceler of Inglonde
and the Byschoppe of Devylyn sate on the left syde, and the     #
Duke
of Bryga and a-nothyr duke of the emperours sate on the kyng ys
syde; and alle thosse vij satte on oo syde of +t=e= table. And  #
the
fyrste sotellete of the fyrste cours was howe Oure Lady armyd
Syn Gorge and a aungylle doyng on hys sporys. And the secunde
sotellete was Syn Gorge rydynge and fyghtyng whythe a dragon
<P 114>
whythe hys spere in hys honde. And the iij sotellete was a
castelle, and Syn Gorge and the kynges doughter ledyng the      #
lambe
in at the castelle gatys. And all thes sotelleteys were servyd
be-fore the emperoure and the kyng and noo ferther; ande
othyr lordys were servyd with sotelleteys aftyr hyr astate and
degre. And that same yere come the Duke of Holand into
London, but he was nought at the feste a-fore sayde. And the
emperoure lay at Westmyster alle the wyle that he was here for
the moste party, and the Duke William of Holand in the byschope
ys place of Ely; and sone aftyr Mydsomer the kyng went to       #
Caleys
whythe the emperoure, and the duke saylyd home ayenne and
mette whythe kyng at Caleys. And the Duke of Burgayne and the
Counte of Charlys sone come to Gravelynge; and the kynge sende
thedyr the Duke of Glouceter hys brother and the Erle of Marche
to abyde there in ostage, wylys that the Duke of Burgayne come
to Calys to speke with the kynge; and in the myddys of the      #
ryver
the lordys mette togedyr. And the dukys sone of Burgayn         #
ressayvyd
oure lordys and led hem in to Fraunce, and the Erle of Warwyke
ressayvyd the Duke of Burgayne ande brought hym to Calys, and
there they hadde a conselle twyne hem two; and thenne he toke
hys leve of the kyng. And the Erle of Warwyke brought hym unto
Gravelyng water and in to the same place there as they mette
at the fyrste metynge; and there every party toke hyr leve of
othyr. And thenne the kynge retornyd ayenne into Inglonde and
the emperoure saylyde unto Holande and so passyd forthe in to
Constaunce.
   Alle so that same yere the Duke of Bedforde and the Erle of
Marche, on oure Lady Day the Assumpsyon, they fought whythe
viij grete carykys of Jene and whythe l. othyr shyppys, and     #
they
toke hem whythe hyr patronys and drownyde a grette hulke of
the contre of Flaundrys.
Harry Barton,       Robert Wedyngton     (\Anno v=o=\) .
Mayre of London     John Covyntre
   Ande the same yere, on Syn Petrys eve and Poule, the Erle of
<P 115>
Huntyngdon whythe o+tyr certayne lordys faughtyn whithe carakys
of Gene, and dyscomfyte hem, and toke iiij of +t=e= grettyste   #
of them
and hyr patronys. And the amerelle of hem was the Duke of
Burbone, and he was take whithe hem whythe alle the tresoure
that sholde have wagyd hem for halfe a yere. Al so the same     #
yere 
the kynge saylyd unto Normandye the second tyme, ande he londyd
on Lammas day by-syde Tooke in Normandye. And the same
tyme the kyng wanne the towne of Tooke and assaylyd the         #
castelle,
the whyche castelle on Syn Lauerens evynne was yolde unto the
kynge, and he gave hyt unto hys brother the Duke of Clarens
whithe alle the lorschippys dependaunt there too; and thenne    #
the
Duke of Clarens roode forthe to Cane whythe othyr lordys whythe
hym. And one oure Lady evyn, the Assumpcyon, he mustryd hys
men by-fore the towne of Cane; and the xij day of August the
kyng layde sege to Cane, and that contynuyd tylle the day of
the Natyvyte of oure Lady nexte folowynge; uppon the same day
the towne whythe grete sawte was yoldyd and wonne. And thenne
the kyng layde sege unto the castelle, and that in shorte tyme  #
was
yoldyn unto the kynge; and whylys the kyng boode in Cane, the
Duke of Clarens roode to Bayeux and wanne that. And the same
yere the kyng wanne Argentyne, bothe the towne and the          #
castelle.
And the kyng wanne Alansonne and many moo stronge castellys
and townys and stronge abbeyes.
   Ande the same yere, a-pon Estyr daye at aftyr none, the      #
Lorde
Stronge and Syr John Trusselle, knyght, fylle at debate for hyr
wyvys in the chyrche of Syn Donstonys in the Este, evyn at the
prechyng tyme. In the same fraye Thomas Pedwardynne,            #
fyschemonger,
was slayne as he wolde have lettyde hem of hyr fyghtynge,
and many men were i-hurte; and therefore the chyrche was
suspendyd. Ande thenne was the Lorde Stronge a-restyde and
brought unto the Counter in the Pultrye, and the Sonday nexte
aftyr he was cursyde in every chyrche in London, whithe boke,
belle, and candelle, in one houre of the day. And aftyr he dyde
hys penaunsse opynly thorow London for hys trespas ayenst Hooly
<P 116>
Chyrche. And that yere was a dyre yere of whete, for a          #
buschelle
was worthe ij s.
Rycharde Merlowe,     Harry Rede     A=o= vj=o=.
Mayre of London       John Gedney

   Ande the same yere, (\scilicet, in anno v=to=\) , the        #
general conselle was
endyd, and a unyte made in Hooly Chyrche, and oo pope chosynne
at Custaunce on Syn Martyns daye, by comyn assente of alle the
generalle counselle, the whyche was callyd Pope Martyn the      #
fyrste.
Alle so the same yere Syr Johnne Oldecastelle was take in the
Marche of Walys and brought unto the Westemyster in a chare,    #
and
there he was juggyde to the dethe; and thys was hys juggement,
that he shulde be ladde thorowe London in the same chare unto
Towre Hylle, and there to be layde on a hyrdylle and drawe to
Syn Gylys galowys, and there to be hanggyd and brent. And so
he was hanggyd by a stronge chayne. For there was the Duke of
Bedforde, the Duke of Exceter, and alle the lordys of thys      #
londe
that were +tat tyme a-bowte London, tylle that they hadde sene
hys juggement.
   Ande the same day the person of Wortham, theffe, and hys
peramowre was broughte unto Westemyster Halle. And he was
sente to Newgate, and there he dyde.
   Ande that same yere the kyng layde sege unto Faleys the      #
fyrste
day of Novembre, and that sege contynuyde unto the xx day of
Decembre, the yere of grace M=l=CCCCxvij. Thenne the towne
dysendyd for to trete whythe the kynge, and the kyng commyttyd
the trety unto Thomas Erle of Saulysbury, and to Harry Lorde
Fehewe, and to Syr Johnne Cornewale, and to Syr Wylliam
Haryngdon, knyghtes and commyssyoners for hys partye; and as
for the party of the towne, Syr Wylliam Molene, Syr Gylberte
<P 117>
Mounstrewys, lorde of Fayete, capytaynys of men of armys, and   #
of
the schotte whythe ynne the towne of Faleys, and whythe         #
[{them{]
a pon the same trete, the lord of Gamulle; which parteys        #
entretid
ande a cordyd uppon the artyculys and poyntmentys aftyr         #
folowyng.

   Fryste, that hit ys accordyd that the secunde day of         #
Janyver next
folowynge they shulde yelde uppe +t=e= towne be-for sayde of    #
Faleys,
whythe ynne the houre of terce, into the hondys and power of    #
oure
soverayne lorde the kynge, or in to the hondys of hem be hym
commyttyde and assygnyde, yf soo be that they be nott rescwyde
be batayle of the kynge hyr lorde, or Dolfyn, hys eldyste       #
sone, or
by the Constabylle of Fraunce. And on that the kyng [{to{]      #
setten
or do settynne in the fore sayde towne suche warde and kepynge
as hit schalle lyke hym.
   Alle so hit ys accordyd that alle the strongers that benne   #
in
the fore sayde towne of Faleys, the whyche before thys tyme     #
hathe
ben founde agayne, and in the rystynge of, the kynge in tyme
sythe hys fyrste comynge to hys Duche of Normandye, were hyt
at Cane, or in any othyr of furtheresser, or that have benn     #
with
the kynge, or with any of hys subgettys in hys commaundementys,
that alle suche strangerys shulle put hem only in the kyngys    #
grace
and mercy of oure soverayne lorde the Kyng of Inglonde.
   Alle so hyt ys accordyd that they shalle delyvery and yeldyn
uppe alle the presoners, Englysche or any othyr, holdyng of     #
owre
lege lorde the Kyng of Inglonde, the whiche that have benne
<P 118>
presoners be fore the fyrste daye a fore sayde, ande at the     #
same
daye of thys present trete, and [{that{] non appechementt ben   #
put up
on none of hem by hyr maysterys nowe at that thys tyme [{nor in
tyme{] to come, be hyt sommaunce requyrynge or askyng in any
maner [{matier{] what soo evyr hyt be, but fynallye the for     #
sayde
maysterys shalle aquyntyn, renownsyn, and relessyn to hyr       #
presoners
hyr troughthys, hyr behestys, and hyre othysse, whyche that     #
[{the
seid presoners mowen have made to heir maisters in eny maner,   #
and
that{] whythe owte fraude or malyngyne.
   Alle so hyt ys accordyd that the fore sayde capytaynys       #
shulde delyvery
owte of the towne of Faleys in to the hondys of the             #
commyssenaryours
of oure soverayne lorde the Kyng of Inglonde, al thoo
that were borne in Inglonde, Walys, and Yrlonde, or Gascoyne,
whiche be-fore thys tyme have holde whythe the party of         #
Inglonde,
and for thys presentt tyme ben in thys sayde towne of Faleys
contrarye ayenste the kyng and hys parteyes.
   Alle so hyt ys accordyd that non of the captaynys, nor       #
burgessys,
nor non othyr of the towne, shalle geve nor suffer for to be    #
gevyn
to hem of the castelle of Faleys any strengthe of men, of       #
armys, or
of schotte, nor maner of socoure of armyrowrysse or artury,     #
schottys,
powder, gonnys, or any othyr comfort durynge the for sayde      #
trete.
   Alle so hyt ys accordyd that noo captayne, ne none sowdyer,
burgeys, ner comyner, nor non othyr beynge whythe ynne the
sayde towne of Faleys, shalle ressayve or suffer to be          #
ressayved or
drawyn owte of the castelle the captayne of the same castelle   #
nor
non othyr of the same garysonne thereynne beynge at thys        #
present
tretys. Ande alle soo they shulle nott drawe any of hem of the
castelle undyr the coloure of thys presentt tretye.
   Ande uppon thys our soverayne lorde the kynge of specyalle   #
grace
<P 119>
hathe grauntyd unto the forsayde captaynys, sowdyers, and       #
othyr of
the sayde towne, hyr horse, harneys, and alle hyr othyr goodys
what evyr hyt be, owte-take artury, shotte, powders and gonnys,
arblastrys, and bawderykys for arblastrys, whyche that shalle   #
abyde
stylle in the same towne, and alle wey for to sen that the      #
straungers
of whyche the seconde artycule makythe mensyon, nor shalle
not emynucyon the pryvelegys and the benyfytys of thys presentt
artyculys.
   Alle the for sayde captaynys have sworne a-pon hyr honowre
that durynge the for sayde trete that they shalle not makyn nor
suffyr to be made any brekyng, wastynge, nor be putt nor done
a waye any of suche artyculys, shotte, or any othyr thyng       #
be-fore
sayde.
   Alle so hit ys accordyd that durynge the fore sayd trete noo
maner of poyntment of the wallys of the towne shalle be made,   #
but
the wallys shalle be leve stylle lyke as they ben foundyn the   #
fyrste
daye of this present trete.
   Alle so hyt hys accordyd that noo sowdyer nor stranger in    #
the
towne of Faleys shalle not make noo robory nor pylyage on the
burgeysys of the towne of Faleys in noo maner, ande yf any      #
suche
evylle doers ben founde, that thenne the captaynys of men of    #
armys
and of shotte do ther on justyfyynge and execusion, or ellys    #
that
alle suche evylle doers shalle forfete hyre benyfys and hyr
saffecondyte.
   Alle so hyt [{is{] accordyd that the sayde captaynys nor     #
non othyr
of the same towne shalle nought bere away, nor purlayne, nor    #
suffer
to ben i-purlaynyd or doo a-waye, any ornamentys, jewellys, or
relyqwys of Hooly Chyrche, be they of the same towne or of any
othyr relygyous owte of +t=e= towne, that perchaunce were       #
brought
unto the towne for dowte of warre or othyr wyse i-brought unto
the towne.
   Alle so hit ys accordyde that the for sayde captaynys nor    #
non
<P 120>
othyr of hyr feleschyppe shalle nought ledyn nor bere, nor      #
suffer
for to be borne nor lede, owte of the townye of Faleys, noo     #
maner
of goodys undyr the colowre of appyontementt, but oonly hyr     #
owne
propyr goode.
   Alle so hyt ys accordyd that alle the capitaynys whythe hem  #
of
alle hyr company shalle a-voyde the towne of Faleys the secunde
day of Janyver abovyn sayde by the sonne goynge downe, but yf
that they were rescwyd as hyt ys a-fore sayde. And oure         #
soverayne
lorde the Kynge of Inglond of hys specyalle grace hathe         #
grauntyd
to alle and to every burgeys of the towne of Faleys, that wylle
dwelle and abyde stylle in the fore sayde towne, there to       #
a-byde
and dwelle, sykerly and surely and fully, whythe owte any       #
enpechyment
uppon hem to putte in body or in goodys, mevabylle or
unmevabylle, as herytagys nor possessyons whythe ynne the fore
sayde towne, but pessabylly rejoysynne as hyr propyr goodys at
thys tyme and in tyme to come, as they myght done before the
yelding upe of the same towne; be so alle way that they so      #
wyllynge
to dwelle and byde in the same towne be come legys and          #
obedyaunte
to oure soverayne lorde the Kyng of Inglonde and hys ayrys.
   Alle so hyt ys accordyd that noo captayne, sowdyer, nor      #
burgeys,
nor comyner, nor non othyr whithe ynne the sayde towne of       #
Faleys,
shalle nought ressayvynne, nor suffer to ressayvynne, nor       #
drawyn of
the castelle of Faleys the captayne ther of, nor non of there   #
garysons,
nor non at thys tyme there abydynge [{in{] the for sayde        #
chastelle, nor
noo maner of goodys to hem longyng undyr colowre and shadowe of
goodys of the towne, nothyr undy[{r{] coloure of thys presente  #
trete.
   Alle so hyt ys accordyd that hangyng thys presentte trety    #
and
appoyntement noo maner of warre shalle be made by-twyne hem
ande the oste of oure soverayne lorde the Kyng of Inglonde and 
hem of the towne of Faleys. 

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M4 NN HIST CHRLOND>
<N CHRON LONDON>
<A GREGORY WILLIAM>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>

<P 187>
John Olney,         Robert Horne       (\Anno xxv=o=\) .
Mayre of London     Geffray Bolayne 
   Ande in that same yere there was an armyrer and hys owne
man fought whythe yn the lystys in Smethefylde the laste day of
Januer, ande there the mayster was slayne and dyspoylyde owte 
of hys harnys, and lay stylle in the fylde alle that day and    #
that
nyght next folowynge. And thenne afty[{r{]ward, by the kyngys
commaundement, he was d[{r{]awyn, hanggyde, and be-heddyde,
and hys hedde sette on London Brygge, and the body hynggyng
a-bove erthe be-syde the towre.
   Ande that same yere was a Parlyment be-gon at Byry; and that
same yere there was grete wache at Syn Donstonys in the Este,   #
by
the sofferens of oure sufferayne lorde the kyng, in every       #
warde of
<P 188>
London alle the xvj dayes in Crystysmasse by the commaundement
of the kynge. Ande at Schroffe tyde nexte aftyr there
was ordaynyd a Parlyment at Synt Edmondys Bury; ande att the
comyng of the goode Duke Umfray, sum tyme Duke of Glouceter,
uppon the Satyrday anon as he was a lyght of hys hors he was
a-restyde of dyvers lordys for treson by commaundement of the
kyng, and men sayde at that tyme. And uppon the Thursseday
next folowynge he dyssesyd ande passyde owte of thys
wrecchyde and false trobely worlde. And he ys buryde at Syn
Albonys.
   Ande uppon Ester nexte folowynge, Harry Byschoppe of         #
Wynchester
and Cardynalle, and lythe enteryde at Wynchester. And
a-non aftyr the dethe of the Duke of Glouceter there were a     #
reste
many of the sayde dukys to the nombyr of xxxviij squyers,       #
be-syde
alle othyr servantys that nevyr ymagenyd no falsenys of the     #
that
they were put a-pon of. And on Fryday the xiiij day of Juylle
nexte folowynge by jugement at Westemyster, there by fore v
personys were dampnyd to be drawe, hanggyd, and hyr bowellys
i-brente by fore hem, and thenne hyr heddys to ben smetyn of,
ande thenne to be quarteryde, and every parte to be sende unto
dyvers placys by assygnement of the jugys. Whyche personys
were thes: Arteys the bastarde of the sayde Duke of Glouceter,
Syr Rogger Chambyrlayne knyght, Mylton squyer, Thomas Harberde
squyer, Nedam yeman, whyche were the sayde xiiij day
of Juylle i-drawe fro Syn Gorgys thoroughe owte Sowthewerke
and on Londyn Brygge, ande so forthe thorowe the cytte of
London to the Tyborne, and there alle they were hanggyde, and
the ropys smetyn a-sondyr, they beynge alle lyvynge, and        #
thenne,
ar any more of any markys of excecusyon were done, the Duke of
Sowthefolke brought them alle yn generalle pardon and grace     #
from
our lorde and soverayne Kynge Harry the vj=te=.
   Also that same yere dyssesyde the Duke of Exceter, and he    #
was
enteryd at Syn Kateryns.
<P 189>
Stephyn Browne,     John Cauntelowe     A=o= xxvij=o=.
Mayre of London     Wylliam Marowe,
   Ande that same yere the Duke of Yorke, Rycharde Plantagenet,
was exsylyde in to Irlonde for hys rebellyon, as thoo a boute   #
the
kynge informyde hym, fully ande falsely as hyt was aftyr warde
i-knowe.
   And that same yere was a tretys of trewys takyn whythe the
Schottys by Mayster Adam Molaynys for iiij yere, that tyme he
beyng enbasytor in to Schotlonde, and aftyr that Prevy Seale,   #
ande
thenne i-made Byschoppe of Chychester, and with ynne shorte
tyme aftyr put to dethe.
Thomas Chalton,     Thomas Canyngys     A=o= xxviij=o=.
Mayre of London     John Hewlyn 
   Ande that same yere was the moste pa[{r{]te of Normandy      #
y-loste,
and a Parlymentte was at Westemyster. In the mene whyle was the
[{city{] of Roon, Mustarde Vylers, and Herflete i-loste by      #
fore Crystysmasse,
and thenne the Parlyment was prolongyd tylle aftyr Syn
Hyllary ys day. Ande at that tyme beyng many sowdyers at        #
Portysmowthe,
the whyche haddyn take the kyngys wagys for to pass ovyr
the see. And anon aftyr Crystysmasse was sende unto the see     #
syde
the Prevye Sealle, whyche was callyd Mayster Adam Molaynys, to
have take the monster at the see syde, he beynge that tyme      #
Byschoppe
of Chychester. Ande for hys covetysse, as hyt was reportyde,
schippemen put hym to dethe, and sum mys-a-wysyd men of the 
sowdyers holpyn welle there-to. And thys was done at
Portysmouthe. 
   Ande aftyr Synt Hyllary ys day the Parlyment was remevyd
unto Laycetter; ande yn the mene tyme was Cane yoldyn, ande     #
alle
the remenaunt of Normandy, savyng Chyrborowe. Ande the Duke
of Sowthefolke was a-pechyde at that Parlyment, he beynge at
London, of verry graunte treson, and of many poyntys; among     #
alle
othyr, for that he schulde have solde Normandy, and also for    #
the
dethe of that nobylle prynce the Duke of Glouceter, and for     #
many
<P 190>
othyr poyntys of treson, for the whyche he was exylyd owte of
Ingelonde for certayne yerys. Ande at hys passynge ovyr the see
warde he was mette with by-twyne Dovyr and Calys by dyvers
schyppys, of the whyche was here Admyralle Nycholas of the
Towre; and yn that schyppe soo beyng in the see they smote of   #
hys
hedde of the fore sayde Duke of Sowthefolke, and they caste     #
bothe
body and hys hedde in to the see. And aftyr that hyt was takyn
uppe and brought unto the towne of Dovyr, and aftyr from thens
brought unto Wynkylfylde in the Sowthefolke, and there hyt ys
i-buryde; whos name was Syr Wylliam Pole.
   Ande aftyr that the comyns of Kent a rosse with certayne     #
othyr
schyrys, and they chesse hem a captayne, the whyche captayne
compellyd alle the gentellys to a-rysse whythe hem. Ande at the
ende of the Parlyment they come whythe a grete myght and a
stronge oste unto the Blacke hethe, be syde Grene wyche, the
nomber of xlvj M=l=; and there they made a fylde, dykyd and     #
stakyde
welle a-bowt, as hyt ben in the londe of warre, save only they  #
kepte
ordyr among them, for als goode was Jacke Robyn as John at the
Noke, for alle were as hyghe as pygysfete, unto the tyme that   #
they
shulde comyn and speke with suche statys and massyngerys as     #
were
sende unto hem; thenne they put alle hyr pouer unto the man     #
that
namyd hym captayne of alle hyr oste. And there they a-bode
certayne days too the comyng of the kynge fro the Parlymentte   #
at
Leyceter. Ande thenne the kyng send unto the captayne dyvers
lordys bothe spyrytualle and temporalle, to wytte and to have
knowleche of that grette assembelynge and gaderyng of that      #
grete
a[{n{]d mysavysyd feleschyppe. The captayne of hem sendyng
worde agayne unto the kynge, that hyt was for the wele of hym
oure soverayne lorde, and of alle the realme, and for to        #
dystrye
the traytours beyng a-boute hym, whythe othyr dyvers poyntys
that they wolde see that hyt were in schorte tyme a-mendyde.
Uppon whyche answere that the kyng, thedyr sent by hys lordys,
dyd make a crye in the kyngys name of Engelonde that alle the
<P 191>
kyngys lege men of Engelonde shulde a-voyde the fylde. And
a-pon the nyght aftyr they were alle voydyd and a-goo.
   The morne aftyr, the kynge rode armyd at alle pecys from Syn
John ys be-syde Clerkyn welle thoroughe London; and whythe
hym the moste party of temporalle lordys of thys londe of       #
Engelond
in there a beste raye. Aftyr that they were every lorde
whythe hys retenowe, to the nombyr of x M=l= personys, redy as  #
they
alle shulde have gon to batayle in to any londe of              #
Crystyn-dome,
whythe bendys a-bove hyr harnys that every lorde schulde be
knowe from othyr. And yn the fowarde, as they wolde have
folowyde the captayne, was slayn Syr Umfray Stafforde and
Wylliam Stafford, squyer, one the mannylste man of alle thys
realme of Engelonde, whythe many moo othyr of mene personys at
Sevenocke, in Kentt, in hyr oute ragyng fro hyr oste of our
soverayne lordys the kyng, Harry the vj=te=. And the kyng       #
loggyd
that nyght at Grenewyche, and sone aftyr every lorde whythe hys
retynewe rood home in to hyr contraye.
   Ande aftyr that, uppon the fyrste day of Juylle, the same    #
captayne
come agayne, as the Kenttysche men sayde, but hyt was
a-nothyr that namyd hymselfe the captayne, and he come to the
Blacke Hethe. And uppon the morowe he come whythe a grette
hoste yn to Sowtheworke, and at the Whythe Herte he toke his
loggynge. And a-pon the morowe, that was the Fryday, a gayn
evyn, they smote a sondyr the ropys of the draught brygge and
faught sore a manly, and many a man was mortheryde and kylde in
that conflycte, I wot not what [{to{] name hyt for the          #
multytude of
ryffe raffe. And thenne they enteryde in to the cytte of        #
London as
men that hadde ben halfe be-syde hyr wytte; and in that         #
furynys they
wente, as they sayde, for the comyn wele of the realme of       #
Ingelonde,
evyn strayght unto a marchaunte ys place i-namyd Phylyppe
Malpas of London. Yf hyt were trewe as they surmysyd aftyr ther
doyng, I remytte me to ynke and pauper - (\Deus scit et ego     #
non\) .
But welle I wote that every ylle begynnynge moste comynly hathe
<P 192>
an ylle endyng, and every goode begynnyng hathe the wery goode
endyng. (\Proverbium: - Felix principium finem facit esse       #
beatum.\)
And that Phylyppe Malpas was aldyrman, and they spoylyd hym     #
ande
bare a-way moche goode of hys, and in specyalle moche mony,     #
bothe
of sylvyr and golde, the valowe of a notabylle som, and in      #
specyalle
of marchaundys, as of tynne, woode, madyr, and alym, whythe     #
grette
quantyte of wollyn clothe and many ryche jewellys, whythe othyr
notabylle stuffe of fedyr beddys, beddyng, napery, and many a
ryche clothe of arys, to the valewe of a notabylle sum -        #
(\nescio, set
Deus omnia scit\) .
   Ande in the evenynge they went whythe hyr sympylle captayne
to hys loggynge; botte a certayne of hys sympylle and rude      #
mayny
a-bode there alle the nyght, weny[{n{]ge to them that they      #
hadde wytte
and wysdome for to have gydyde or put in gydyng alle Ingelonde,
alsosone at they hadde gote the cytte of London by a mysse      #
happe
of cuttynge of ij sory cordys that nowe be alteryde, and made   #
ij
stronge schynys of yryn unto the draught brygge of London. But
they hadde othyr men with hem, as welle of London as of there
owne party. And by hem of on parte and of that othyr parte they
lefte noo thyng unsoffethe, and they serchyd alle that nyght.
   Ande in the morne he come yn a-gayne, that sory and sympylle
and rebellyus captayne whythe hys mayny; that was Saturday, and
hyt was also a Synt Martyn ys day, the dedycacyon of Synt
Martynys in the Vyntry, the iiij day of Juylle. And thenne
dyvers questys were i-sompnyd at the Gylhalle; and ther Robert
Horne beynge alderman was a-restyde and brought in to Newegate.
And that same day Wylliam Crowemere, squyer, and Scheryffe
of Kentt, was be-heddyde in the fylde whythe owte Algate at     #
+t=e=
mylys ende be-syde Clopton ys Place. And a nothyr man that
was namyde John Bayle was be-heddyd at the Whytte Chapylle.
And the same day aftyr-non was be-heddyd in Cheppe a-fore the
Standard, Syr Jamys Fynes, beyng that tyme the Lorde Saye and
Grette Treserer of Ingelonde, the whyche was brought oute of    #
the
<P 193>
Toure of London unto the Gylde Halle, and there of dyvers       #
tresons
he was exampnyd, of whyche he knowlachyd of the dethe of that
notabylle and famos prynce the Duke of Glouceter. And thenne
they brought hym unto the Standard in Cheppe, and there he
ressayvyd hys jewys and hys dethe. And so forthe alle the iij
heddys that day smetyn of were sette uppon the Brygge of        #
London,
and the ij othyr heddys takyn downe that stode a-pon the London
Brygge by-fore. And at the comyng of the camptayne yn to
Sowtheworke, he lete smyte of the hedde of a strong theff that  #
was
namyd Haywardyn. And uppon the morowe the Sonday at hyghe
mas tyme a lette to be heddyd a man of Hampton, a squyer, the
whyche was namyd Thomas Mayne. And that same evyn Londyn
dyd a rysse and cam owte uppon hem at x [{of{] the belle,       #
beyng that
tyme hyr captaynys the goode olde lorde Schalys and Mathewe
Goughe. Ande from that tyme unto the morowe viij of belle they
were ever fyghtynge uppon London Brygge, ande many a man was
slayne and caste in Temys, harnys, body, and alle; and monge    #
the
presse was slayne Mathewe Goughe and John Sutton aldyrman.
Ande the same nyght, a-non aftyr mydnyght, the Captayne of      #
Kentte
dyde fyre the draught brygge of London; and be-fore that tyme   #
he
breke bothe Kyngys Bynche and the Marchelsy, and lete owte alle
the presoners that were yn them. And uppon the morowe by
tymys came my lorde the Cardynalle of Yorke, and my Lorde of
Cauntyrbury, and the Byschoppe of Wynchester, and they tretyde
by twyne the Lorde Schalys and that captayne, that the sore     #
conflycte 
and skarmasche was sessyde, ande gaffe the captayne and hys
mayne a generalle chartoure for hym and for alle hys company in
hys name, callyng hym selfe John Mortymere, and thoroughe that
mene they were i-voydyde the moste partye. And the vj day aftyr
that, the Satyr-daye at evyn, the iij heddys were takyn downe   #
of
London Brygge, that ys to say, the Lorde Say ys hedde,          #
Crowmers,
<P 194>
and the Bayleyes, and the othyr ij heddys sette uppe a-yenne    #
that
stode a-pon London Brygge be-fore, and the body whythe hedde
were i-burydde at the Gray Fryers at London. And uppon
the xij day of Juylle, the yere a-fore sayde, the sayde         #
camptayne
was cryde and proclaymyd traytoure, by the name of John
Cade, in dyvers placys of London, and also in Sowtheworke, 
whythe many moo, that what man myght or wolde bryng the
sayde John Cade to the kyng, qwyke or dede, shulde have of the
kynge a thousande marke. Also who som evyr myght brynge or
wolde brynge any of hys chyffe counsellourys, or of afynyte,    #
that
kepte any state or rewle or governansse undyr the sayd fals
captayne John Cade, he schulde have to hys rewarde of the kynge
v. C. marke. And that day was that fals traytoure the Captayne  #
of
Kentte i-take and slayne in the Welde in the countre of Sowsex,
and uppon the morowe he was brought in a carre alle nakyd, and
at the Herte in Sowetheworke there the carre was made stonde
stylle, the wyffe of the howse myght se hym yf hyt were the     #
same
man or no that was namyd the Captayne of Kente, for he was
loggyd whythe yn hyr howse in hys pevys tyme of hys mys rewylle
and rysynge. And thenne he was hadde in to the Kyngys Bynche,
and there he lay from Monday at evyn unto the Thursseday nexte
folowynge at evyn; and whythe yn the Kynges Benche the sayde
captayne was be-heddyde and quarteryde; and the same day
i-d[{r{]awe a-pon a hyrdylle in pecys whythe the hedde by-twyne
hys breste from the Kyngys Benche thoroughe owte Sowthewerke,
and thenne ovyr Londyn Brygge, and thenne thoroughe London
unto Newegate, and thenne hys hedde was takyn and sette uppon
London Brygge.
   And the same yere was the Byschoppe of Sawlysbury slayne
at Edyngton, a myle owte of the towne, a-pon a hyghe hylle;
hyt was the xiiij day of June, and alle hys goode mevabylle was
departyde to every man dwellynge there that any of hys lyflode  #
laye;
for bothe oxsyn, sheppe, hors, swyne, carte, plowe, corne, hay,
tymbyr, strawe, harnys in castellys of hys, clothynge for hys   #
owne
<P 195>
body, bokys, chalys and alle that longyd to any manyr of hys,   #
and
the very ledde that coveryd the howsys and wodys wer fylde
downe in sum placys, but not in every place, but in som, as at
Shyrbone in Dorsette schyre. And the men that toke a-pon hem
alle thys mys rewle, whenne they undyrstode that hyt was wronge
that they hadde done bothe to hym, and in specyalle unto the
kynge, they a-non wente thoroughe owte alle the towne of        #
Shyrborne
an toke to every man, woman, and chylde that was above
xij yere age and iij chore, everyche of hem hadde vj=d=; and    #
they
madde them to swere to be trewe ande holde to gedyr, by cause   #
yf
the kynge wolde have take any execucyon a-pon hyt he moste
have take hyt a-pone alle the hoole schyre and contrays there   #
that
hys lyflode was. And for cause here of the kynge gaffe a        #
generalle 
pardon to alle maner men.
   Ande that same yere was slayne Tresham, the man of lawe,     #
that
was Speker of the Parlymentt, and hys sone was soore woundyde   #
in
Northehampton schyre. And by the kynge and hys counselle a
Parlyment was ordaynyde to be-gyn on Syn Leonarde ys day nexte
folowynge. In the mene tyme many strange and woundyrfulle bylle
were sete in dyvers placys, sum at the kyngys owne chambyr      #
doore
at Westemyster, in hys palysse, and sum at the halle dore at
Westemyster, ande sum at Poulys chyrche dore, and in many othyr
dyvers placys of London.
   Ande in the ende of the sayde same yere Rycharde, the Duke   #
of
Yorke, come to the sayde Parlymentt, for the sayde Duke was
before banyschyd for certayne yerys, whythe a notabylle         #
felyschippe
of fensabylle men, and the Duke of Northefolke whythe a grete
multytude of defensabylle men. And every lorde whythe hyr
retynowe welle harnysyd and welle be-sene; and every lorde      #
hadde
hys bagge a-pon hys harnys, and hyr mayny also, that they myght
ben knowe by hyr baggys and levereys.
Nycholas Wyfolde,     Wylliam Deere     A=o= xxix=o=.
Mayre of London       John Myddelton
   Ande that same yere, the ij day of Decembyr, the Duke of
<P 196>
Somersett was a-tachyde in the Fryer Prechourys at London. And
that day he was robbyde of alle hys goodys, and hys jewellys    #
were
takyn and borne a-way by lordys mayny. Ande in the morowe
they dyspoylyd the placys and longgynges of many dyvers lordys,
and they bare away alle the goodys that were with ynne hem,     #
that
ys to say, Syr Thomas Stodenham, thenne beynge wardroper, Syr
Thomas Hoo the Lorde Hastynge, sum tyme the Chambyrlayne of
Normandy.
   And the same day was a man of the forsayde feleschyppe, the
whyche was at the spoylynge and robbynge of the Fryer           #
Prechourys,
be-heddyde at the Standarde in Cheppe, for to ben an
exampylle unto alle othyr; but hyt was nevyr the bettyr, for    #
hyt
causyd moche the more herte brennyng a gayne the duke and the
lordys by-fore sayde, &c.
   And that same day, the aftyr non, the Duke of Yorke roode
thoroughe London. And he made to be cryde in dyvers placys
that what maner a man that robbyd or ryfylde any persone
schulde have as hastely jewys as the sayde man hadde. And uppon
Thursday nexte folowynge the kynge come fro Westemyster,
ryddyng thoroughe London; and whythe the Duke of Yorke, and
the moste dele in substans of alle the lordys in thys londe,    #
with hyr
retenowys of fensabylle men; whyche was a gay and gloryus syght
if hit hadde ben in Fraunce, but not in Ingelonde, for hyt      #
boldyd
sum mennys hertys that hyt causyd aftyr many mannys dethe.
Wher was or ys the defaute I wotte not, &c.
   Ande the same yere, on Candylmas daye, the kynge was at
Cauntyrbury, and whythe hym was the Duke of Excetyr, the Duke
of Somersette, my lorde of Schrofuysbury, whythe many moo
othyr lordys and many justyces; and there they helde the        #
cessyons
iiij dayes, and there were dampnyde many men of the captayne ys
men for hyr rysyng, and for hyr talkyng a gayne the kyng,       #
havynge
more favyr unto the Duke of Yorke thenne unto the kynge. And
the dampnyde men were drawe, hanggyde, and quarteryde, but
<P 197>
they were pardonnyde to be buryde, bothe hyr quarters of hyr
bodys and hyr heddys with alle.
   Ande at Rochester ix men were be-heddyd at that same tyme,
and hyr heddys were sende unto London by the kyngys             #
commaundement,
and sette uppon London Brygge alle at one tyme;
and xij heddys at a nothyr tyme were brought unto London at
sette uppe undyr the same forme, as hys was commaundyd by the
kyng. Men calle hyt in Kente the harvyste of hedys.



<B CMEDMUND>
<Q M4 NN BIL EDMUND>
<N ST EDMUND>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR LIFE SAINT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE LIFE OF ST. EDMUND.
MIDDLE ENGLISH RELIGIOUS PROSE.
YORK MEDIEVAL TEXTS.
ED. N. F. BLAKE. 
LONDON: EDWARD ARNOLD, 1972. 
PP. 163.1 - 173.313^]

<P 163>
[} [\(B) THE LIFE OF ST. EDMUND\] }]

[^THE FOLLOWING HEADING ADDED FROM THE MANUSCRIPT:^]
[}AND BEGYNNETH THE LYFE OF SEYNTE EDMONDE THE 
CONFESSOURE}] 

   Seynt Edmounde the confessoure, that lyethe at Pounteney in
ffraunce, was bore in Ynglond in the towne of Abyngdon. Mabely  #
the
ryche was his moders name; she was right holy, bothe wyfe and
wydowe. And vpon Seynt Edmoundis daye the kyng the sayde Seynt
<P 164>
Edmond was bore. And in his byrthe noo clothe was fowlyd by     #
hym.
And he was bore in the furst spryngyng of the daye, and al      #
that daye
tyl it was euyn he laye as he had ben dede. And than the        #
mydwyff
wolde haue had hym buryed, but his moder sayde naye. And anone
thurgh the myght of God he revyved and than he was bore to the
churche to be cristenyd. And bycause he was bore on Seynt       #
Edmondis
daye the kyng he was namyd Edmond. And as this chelde grewe in
aige he encresyd gretely in vertu. And than the moder sent the  #
sayde
Edmounde with his brother Robert to scole. And she had ii       #
doughters,
Dame Mary and Dame Alys; bothe theye were made nonnys at
Catesby in Northaumptonshire by the laboure of Seynt Edmond.    #
And
there moder gave theym yeftes to fast the ffryday, and so she   #
drewe
theym to good levyng by yeftes and fayre beheestes; and when    #
thaye
came to more aige it grevyd theym not. The moder hirself weryd  #
the
hard heyre for oure Lordis loue and lad hir lyff in grete       #
penaunce.
   But in a tyme as Mabely his moder put oute wolle to spynne,  #
she
toke hir spynners so moche for the libra that thaye myght not   #
leue
thereon, but complayned to Seynt Edmond hir sonne. And he toke
the yerne and rekyd it in the colys, and the libra was sauyd    #
that she
payd for and the ouerplewse was brente. Wherefore she dyd neuer
so after to hir lyves ende.
   And than she sent hir ii sonnys, Edmond and Robert, to       #
Paryce
too scole. And she toke theym mony for theyre costes wyth       #
theym,
and she delyueryd to theym ii harde hayres, made lyke shurtes,  #
and she
prayd theym for here loue to were theym onys or tweys in the    #
weke,
and they shulde lake nothyng that nedid to theym. And then thay
fulfylled theire moders desire, and in shorte tyme after        #
thaye werid
the heyre euery daye and euery nyght. This was a blessyd moder  #
that
soo vertuosly brought fourth hir chyldren. And then Seynt       #
Edmond
encresyd so gretely in vertu that every creature joyed thereof  #
and
preysed God in his holy seruaunt Edmond.
<P 165>
   And in a daye as his felowys and he wente to playe he left   #
his felowship
and went allone into a medowe vnder an hedge saying his         #
devocions.
And sodenly there appierid before hym a fayre chelde in whyte
clothyng and sayd: 'Hayle, felowe that goyst allone.' And than
Edmounde merveylid from whens the chylde come; and the chelde
sayde: 'Edmond, knowyst not me?'
   He sayde: 'Naye!'
   And he sayde: 'I am thye felowe in scole, and in eche other  #
place
where that thu goyst I am alweye on thy ryght syde; and yet thu
knowyst me not. But loke thu in my forehed and there thu shalte
fynde my name wryte.' (And than Edmond lokyd in his forehed and
se wryte therein (\Jesus nazarenus, rex Judeorum, fili Dei,     #
miserere mei\) .)
And then the chelde saide: 'Drede the not, Edmond, for I am     #
thy lorde,
Jesu Cryste, and shall be thye defendoure whyle thue leuest.'
   And than Edmond fylle downe mekely and thankyd our Lorde of
his grete mercy and godenes. And oure Lorde bade hym when he
shall go to his bed and when he shall aryse to blesse hym with  #
the
syngne of the crosse and saye the prayer affore-wryten in mynde #
of
hys passhyon, 'and the deuyll shall haue no power ouer the'.    #
And anone
the chylde vanysshyd awaye, and Seynt Edmond vsyd euer after    #
that
prayer and blessyng to his lyvys ende, and suffryd euer grete   #
penaunce
for Goddis sake in weryng of the heyre.
   And when he had contynued many yeris at Paryce at the scole,
than he came to Oxford. And he dyd neuer lechery nor consentyd
yerto, and that was special grace of oure Lorde. And on a daye  #
he
came to an ymage of oure Lady and put a ryng vpon hir fyngur    #
and
he promysed hyr verely neuer to haue other wyff but hir whyles  #
he
levyd. And he greete oure Lady withe these iiii wordis:'        #
(\Aue, Maria,
gracia Plena\) ', which was wryte in the ryng. Hys oste had a   #
doughter
that labouryd gretely Seynt Edmond to synne by hir and she      #
desyred
long tyme to come to his chambir. And at the last this holye    #
man
grauntyd hir. And she was ryght gladde and spyed hir tyme and   #
came
<P 166>
to his chambir and made hir redy to go to bed and stode nakyd   #
before
Seynt Edmond. And he toke a sherp rodde and layde vpon the      #
mayde
tyll the rede blode ranne downe fro hir body in euery syde.     #
And than
he sayde to hyr: 'Thus thu shalt lerne to caste awaye thye      #
sowle for
the fowle lustis of thye bodye.' And ar he lefte of she had no  #
lust to syn
with hym for all hir fowle desyres were clene gonne. And after  #
that
she levyd a clene virgyn to hir lyves ende.
   Than sone after Mabely his swete moder nyghed hir ende and   #
sente
for Seynt Edmond hir sonne and yeaff hym hir blessyng and all   #
hir
chyldren. And than she prayed hym for Goddes loue and oure      #
Ladys
also that he wolde se that hys susters were well guyded in the  #
nonry
of Catysby affore-sayde. And so she passid to our Lorde full    #
of vertues,
and is buryed in the churche of Seynt Nycholas at Abyngdon in a
tombe of marbyll before the rode. And this scripture is wryte   #
on hir
tombe: 'Hir lyeth Maboly, flowre of wedows.' And than Seynt
Edmonde made a chapell at Catysby, and after bothe his susters  #
were
buryed therein, for the one of theym was pryoras of the same    #
nonry
and dyd there many myraclys. And theye ben buryed before the    #
high
auter in the same nonry.
   And than this holy man Seynt Edmond dwellyd at Oxford and
contynued there in ful holy leuyng for he weryd the hard heyre  #
knett
with knottes lyke a nett. And the knottis stekyd faste to his   #
flessh that
oftyntymes it causid his body to blede and to be full sore.     #
And in this
maner was bothe hys shurte and hys breche imade, and he bounde  #
it
faste with a corde to hys body that the heyre myght cleve fast  #
to his
body in euery place. Hyt sate so strayte vpon hym that vnnethe  #
he
myght bowe his body, the which was a ful grete penaunce to hym.
And in a tyme whan his shurte of heyre was fowle and tobroke,   #
he
toke it his man too brenne in a grete fyre. But he cowde not    #
brenne
hem in no wyse, but euer thaye laye hole and vnbrent in the     #
fyre.
Than his mann toke an hevy stone and bownde the shurte thereto
and caste it in the water where was a depe ponde; and there he  #
left
theym. But he tolde hys maister that thaye were brente.
<P 167>
   Seynt Edmond and his felowys on a daye came fro Lewkenowre   #
to
Abyngdon and as thaye came into a grete valey thaye se many     #
black
fowlys lyke crowys, among which there sate one that was all     #
totoryn
with the other black crowys; and thaye cast hym from one to     #
another
that it was grete pety to beholde it. Therefore his felowys     #
were nye
madde for fere of that syght. And then Seynt Edmond comfortyd
hem and tolde theym whate it was. He saide that thaye beth      #
feendis
of helle that berith a mannys sowle that dyed at the towne of   #
Chalfegrove
right nowe, and that sowle shall neuer come in the blysse of
heuyn for his cursyd leuyng. And than Seynt Edmond and his      #
felowis
wente to the towne of Chalfegrove and fownde al thyng lyke as
Seynt Edmond tolde theym.
   And fro thens thaye wente too Abyngdon and theire Seynt      #
Edmond
wente into the churche and sayde his prayers lyke as he was     #
wonte
to doo, the which prayer was (\O intemerata\) , the which he    #
sayde euery
daye in the wurship of Jesu Criste, oure blessyd Lady, and of   #
Seynt
John the Euaungelyst. And this prayer he vsyd to saye dayly or  #
he
dyd one wordely workys. But in a tyme he forgate to saye this   #
holy
oryson and than Seynt John the Euaungelyst came to Seynt        #
Edmond in
a ful gastfull maner and blamyd gretely Seynt Edmond. But       #
after that
to his lyfys ende he neuer forgate to saye that holy prayer.
   And after this holy man encresyd so gretely in Oxforde in    #
all the
vii sciences that all men had grete joye of hym. And in a       #
nyght as he
sate in his studye, hys awne moder Maboly appierid vnto hym in  #
a
vysyon. And she sayde to hir sonne: 'Loke fro hense forewarde   #
that
thue laboure in devynyte and in no nother science, for that is  #
the
wylle of God lyke as he hathe sente the worde by me.' This      #
saide
she vanyshed awaye fro hym. And after that this holy mann       #
labourid
<P 168>
alweye in devynyte to fulfylle the wylle of oure Lorde Jesu     #
Cryst.
And he encresyd so mervelously in that scyence that al Oxford   #
had
grete wondyr of hym for his grete connyng, for there was none   #
lyke
hym in all Oxford. ffor he had that grace when he radde in the  #
scole
of devynyte, he profyted more to the herers in one weke than    #
other
mennys techyng dyd in a moneth, for many one of his scolers     #
thurgh
his gracious techyng forsoke the worlde and became relygious    #
men.
   And in a daye as the holy man sate in the scole for to       #
dispute of the
holy trynyte, he came long ar his scolers came, and he felle    #
in a sclombryng
as he sate on his chayre. And ther came a white dove and        #
brought
hym the body of oure Lorde and he put hyt into his mouthe. And
than the dove flye vpwarde from hym and heuyn openyd ayenst hym
as Seynt Edmonde behelde hit. And euer after he thought that    #
the
savoure of oure Lordis flessh was euer in hys mowthe. And       #
thereby
he knewe full moche privyte of the pure state of Jesu Cryste    #
and of
hys magestye in hevyn, for he had mervelouse connyng aboue al   #
other
doctors that were in Oxforde for he expownyd so hye maters to
theym that they thought he was more lyke an angel than a man.
   And in euery lesson that this holy man taught he thought in  #
oure
Lordis passhyon. And in a nyght he studyed so long on his       #
bokys that
sodenly he fylle aslepe and forgate to blesse hym and thynke    #
on the
passhyon of oure Lorde. And than the feende that had gret envy  #
to
hym laye so hevye on Seynt Edmond that he had no power to       #
blesse
hym with the ryght honde ner with the lyft honde. And than      #
Seynt
Edmond wyst not whate to doo, but at last thurgh the grace of   #
oure
Lorde he remembryd his blessyd passhyon; and then the feend     #
had no
power ouer Seynt Edmond, but fylle downe anone fro hym. And     #
than
Seynt Edmond commaundid hym by the vertue of oure Lordis        #
passhion
that he shulde telle hym howe he shulde best defende hym that   #
he
shulde haue no power ouer hym. And the feende aunsweryd to      #
Seynt
Edmond: 'That that thue haste sayde and thought on the          #
passhyon of
oure Lorde Jesu Cryst; ffor whate mann or womann that hath hys  #
mende
on oure Lordis passhyon, I have no power ouer theym at no       #
tyme.'
And euer after Seynt Edmond the holy mann had ful grete         #
deuocyoun
in the passhyon of oure Lorde and in holy orysons for therein   #
was all
hys delyte bothe nyght and daye. But when he ete, slepte and    #
rode, all
that tyme he thought was but in ydelnes and hevy onto hym. But  #
all
<P 169>
that he labourid in holy studye or bedis-byddyng or             #
almesdede-doyng,
all suche thynges was moost plesaunce to hym, and he was neuer  #
wery
of suche werkys for he was all hole yeuyn to Goddys seruyce     #
and to hys
plesyng. And also he was a notable prechoure and gretely his    #
techyng
edefyed in the people that all people had grete devosyon to     #
hyre his
prechyng.
   In that tyme the pope sente his crosser to the bysshoppis    #
of Ynglonde
that thaye shulde chese a wyse clerke that shulde proclayme
the popys entent thurgh this realme of Ynglond for to haue      #
helpe and
socoure ayenste the Turke, Goddes enmy. And so by one assent    #
theye
chose Seynt Edmond to proclayme the popys wylle. And soo he dyd
that charge full welle and dyligently thurgh this londe, and    #
moche
people he causyd to take the crosse and for to go into the      #
Holy Londe.
And as a yong mann came with other to resseyue the crosse, a    #
woman
that louyd hym lette hym of hys purpose and she drewe hym fast
awaye fro thens with hir hondys. And anone bothe hir hondis     #
were
styffe and harde as a borde and also hir hondis wax all         #
crokyd. And than
she made grete sorowe and cryed God mercye; and she prayed      #
Seynt
Edmond to praye for hir to oure Lorde.
   And he sayde to hir: 'Woman, wylt thue take the crosse?'
   And she sayde: 'Yee, sir, full fayne.'
   And than she resseyuid it and was made hole. And than she    #
thankyd
oure Lorde, Jesu Cryste, and his holy seruaunt, Seynt Edmond.   #
And
thurgh this grete myracle moche more people toke the crosse.
   In a tyme as this holy man prechyd at Oxforde in the         #
churcheyerthe
of Alhalwyn and moche people was there to hyre his holy         #
prechyng.
Sodenly there waxed so derke weder that alle the people were    #
sore
agast; and moche people beganne to go awaye, the wynde and the
weder was so horryble. And than this holy man sayde to the      #
people:
'Abyde ye stylle here ffor the power of God is strenger than    #
the feendis
power, for thus he doyth for envye to distrouble Goddes         #
worde.' And
than Seynte Edmond lyfte vppe his mynde to oure Lorde and       #
besought
of mercy and grace. And when he had endid his oryson, the weder
beganne to withdrawe bye the other syde of the churche. And     #
all the
people that abode there stylle to hyre the prechyng had not     #
one drope
<P 170>
of rayne. But thaye that wente awaye fro the sermon were        #
thurghwette
with the rayne, and there fylle so moche rayne in the hye       #
strete that
men myght neither go ner ride therein. And than alle the people
preysid God in his seruaunt for this grete myracle. And at      #
Wynchester
another tyme, when he prechyd, was shewid there a lyke myracle  #
for
there he chasyd awaye suche a derke wether by hys holy prayer.
   Than for his holy levyng he was chose hye chanon at          #
Salysbury and
there he was made rewler and tresourer. And there he levyd a    #
full
gode lyve, for all the mony that he myght gete he yeaff hyt in  #
almes
to pore folkys for the loue of God that he had nothyng to leve  #
by
hymself. And than he wente to thabbey of Stanley and soiournyd
there tylle hys rentys came in, ffor Maister Stephyn Lexston    #
that there 
was abbott was somtyme his scoler in Oxford. He was so lytle    #
an etyr
that menn woundryd howe he levyd. And yett he wolde ete no      #
costelewe
mete for full selde he ete any flessh. And fro Shroftyde tyll   #
Ester
he wolde ete no mete that suffryd the dethe, not in Aduent he   #
ete neuer
but Lente-mete.
   And when the Archiebisshopp of Canterbury was dede, he was
chose by all the covent to be there bysshopp. And anone thaye   #
sent
there messyngers to hym to Salysbury, but he was then at Calne
which was then one of hys prebendis. There he was prevyly in    #
hys
chambir allone in his prayers; and one of his chapeleyns came   #
into his
chambyr and tolde hym that he was chose Archiebysshopp of       #
Canterbury
and that messyngers were come to hym for the same cause.
But Seynt Edmond was nothyng gladde of the tydynges. And then
the messyngers spake with Seynt Edmond and delyuerid to hym the
letters for to rede theym. And he sayde: 'I thanke you of       #
youre laboure
and gode wylle, but I am nothyng gladde of these tydynges. But  #
I
wolle go to Salysbury and take councell of my felowys in this   #
mater.'
   But when he came theder he was chose there in the            #
chapyterhowse
<P 171>
by all the feloushypp, but he denyed hytt in alle wyse to hys   #
power.
But the Bysshop of Salysbury with his brethern chargyd hym by   #
the
vertue of obedyence that he shulde take it vpon hym. And then   #
he
mekely toke it vpon hym fulle sore wepyng. And so thaye had hym
to the hye auter and there thaye beganne to syng ful devoutly   #
(\Te
Deum laudamus\) ful merely. But euer this holy man wepte with   #
full
bytter tyres and sayde: 'Lorde, I beseche the to haue mercy on  #
me,
thyne vnworthy servaunt, and yeffe me grace euer to guyde me    #
to thy
plesyng and wourshypp; and blessyd Lady, helpe me euer at my    #
nede;
and the holy virgyn, Seynt John y=e= Euaungelyst, be my         #
socoure and
helpe at my moost nede.'
   And than he was brought fro Salysbury to Canterbury, and     #
there
he was stallyd Archiebysshopp. And than he rewlyd Holy Church   #
full
wysely and godely that every man spake gode of hym, for he      #
ledde
his lyff in grete penaunce and almysdede. And euer he holpe     #
the poor
in theyre grete nede. In a tyme a pore tenaunt of hys dyed and  #
then his
bayly fette the best beest that he had for his lordis heryott.  #
And than
the poor wydowe that had lost hyr hosbande and hir best beste   #
came
to this holy bysshopp and complayned to hym of hir grete        #
pouertye.
And she prayd hym for the loue of God that he wolde yeff hir    #
ayen
hyr beest. Than seyde this gode bysshopp to the poor woman: 'Ye
knowe welle that the cheff lorde must haue the best beest.'     #
And sayde:
'Woman, yf Y leue y=e= my beest, wylte thue kepe hym welle to   #
my
behofe tyll Y aske it ayen of the another tyme?'
   And she sayde to the bysshopp: 'Yee, sir, at all tymes to    #
youre
pleasyng or else God defende, for I am fulle moche bownde vnto
yowe that ye wolle to me, a poor wrecche, shewe thys youre gode
grace.'
   And so he lete sende hir hyr best ayen; and she kept hytt    #
stylle to hir
lyfys ende. And thys holy bysshopp was euer fulle mercyfulle    #
to the
poor.
<P 172>
   And trewly he rewlyd and maynteyned the right of Holy        #
Churche.
And therefore the devyll of helle had grete envy vnto hym for   #
his holy
guydyng and sette debate betwene the kyng and hym, the which    #
kyng
was Kyng Harry, y=t= was Kyng Johns sonne. And this kyng dyd    #
to
Seynt Edmond leke as hys vnkylle Herry dyd to Seynt Thomas, for
alwey he was sturdy ayenst Holy Churche. And yett Seynt Edmond
prayed hym oftymes to be mercyfulle to the Churche of God, and
strenght hym in ther right for the loue of God and of his       #
blessid
modyr, Mary. But for alle his godely entretyng the kyng toke    #
aweye
the lybertyes and the fraunchyes thereof; and he thretenyd      #
gretely
Seynt Edmonde. And whan he se it wolde no better be, than he    #
spake
sherpely to the kyng and sayde: 'Though ye put me oute of youre
londe, yette I maye go to Paryce and dwelle there, as I haue    #
do herebefore, 
tylle ye be better dysposyd to Holy Churche.'
   The kyng hyryng this was euer moor and more ayenst hym and
Holy Churche. Than Seynt Edmond cursyd all tho that troublyd    #
Holy
Churche by vnright and shame. And when the kyng herde of this
cursyng, he was gretely meovyd ayenst Seynt Edmond. But alweye
the holy man kepte the right of the Churche to hys power and    #
myght.
And then Seynt Thomas appierid to hym and bade hym holde vppe
the right of Holy Churche with alle hys myght and rather for    #
to suffre
dethe than lese the fredome of the Churche, and to take y=t=    #
in sample
of hym. Than Seynt Edmond fylle on hys kne and wolde haue       #
kyssed
the fete of Seynt Thomas with weepyng teerys, but he denyed     #
hytt.
And then he kyssed the mouth of Seynt Thomas, and he vanyshyd
awaye. And then Seynt Edmond was more stedefast to Holy Churche
than euer he was before and wolde rather dye than lese +t=e=    #
right
thereof.
   And he toke ensample by Seynt Thomas howe he wente ouer the
se into ffraunce. And yen Seynt Edmond went prevely ouer the    #
see
intoo ffraunce trustyng in God that the kyng wolde amende his   #
levyng
and withdrawe his malyce fro Holy Churche. Than Seynt Edmond
<P 173>
came to Pounteney and there he bode in fulle holy levyng, and   #
euer he
prayde for the gode state of the churche of Ynglond.
   And vi yere he dwellid stille at Pownteney in fulle grete    #
holynesse.
And than this holy mann waxyd seke and feble and was counselyd  #
to
remove thens to a towne xx myle thens that is callyd Solye.     #
And than
the monkys of the abbey of Pounteney made grete sorowe for his
departyng thense, but he comfortyd theym in the beste wyse      #
that he
cowde and promysed theym to be there ayen vpon Seynt Edmondis
daye the kyng. And as sone as he came to the towne of Soly he   #
waxe
right sore seke and he knewe welle he sholde not long abyde in  #
this
worlde. And he desired to resseyue the sacramentes of the       #
churche;
and so he did with fulle grete reuerence, and passyd to oure    #
Lorde full
of vertues in the yere of oure Lorde M=l= iiC xlii. And fro     #
the towne of
Solye he was brought to Pounteney vpon Seynt Edmondis daye the
kyng. He myght not kepe his promyse to the monkis of Pounteney
on lyve, and therefore he kepte hys promys dede, ffor he was    #
brought
thedir and resseyuid ryght devoutly and buryed with grete       #
solempnyte
and put into a fulle worshipfulle shryne in the abbey of        #
Pounteney
before the high auter, where oure Lorde shewith many a grete    #
myracle
for his holy seruaunt Seynt Edmond.



<B CMREYNAR>
<Q M4 NI FICT REYNARD>
<N REYNARD>
<A CAXTON WILLIAM>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M X>
<K X>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G TRANSL>
<F DUTCH>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CAXTON, WILLIAM.
THE HISTORY OF REYNARD THE FOX.
TRANSLATED FROM THE DUTCH ORIGINAL
BY WILLIAM CAXTON.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 263. 
ED. N. F. BLAKE. 
LONDON, 1970. 
PP. 6.1   - 14.19   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 51.20 - 62.26   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 6>
[}HYER BEGYNNETH THYSTORYE OF REYNARD THE FOXE}]

   In this historye ben wreton the parables / goode lerynge /   #
and
dyuerse poyntes to be merkyd / by whiche poyntes men maye lerne
to come to the subtyl knoweleche of suche thynges as dayly ben
vsed and had in the counseyllys of lordes and prelates gostly   #
and
worldly / and / also emonge marchantes and other comone peple /
And this booke is maad for nede and prouffyte of alle god       #
folke /
As fer as they in redynge or heeryng of it shal mowe            #
vnderstande
and fele the forsayd subtyl deceytes that dayly ben vsed in the
worlde / not to thentente that men shold vse them but that      #
euery
man shold eschewe and kepe hym from the subtyl false shrewis
that they be not deceyuyd / Thenne who that wyll haue the very
vnderstandyng of this mater / he muste ofte and many tymes rede
in thys boke and ernestly and diligently marke wel that he      #
redeth /
For it is sette subtylly / lyke as ye shal see in redyng of it  #
/ and not
ones to rede it For a man shal not wyth ones ouer redyng fynde  #
the
ryght vnderstandyng ne comprise it wel / but oftymes to rede it
shal cause it wel to be vnderstande / And for them that         #
vnderstandeth
it / it shall be ryght Ioyous playsant and prouffitable

[}HOW THE LYON KYNGE OF ALLE BESTIS SENT OUT HIS MANDEMENTIS    #
THAT 
ALLE BEESTIS SHOLDE COME TO HIS FEEST AND COURT (\CAPITULO      #
PRIMO\) }]

   It was aboute the tyme of penthecoste or whytsontyde / that  #
the
wodes comynly be lusty and gladsom  And the trees clad with
leuys and blossoms and the ground with herbes and flowris swete
smellyng and also the fowles and byrdes syngen melodyously in
theyr armonye / That the lyon the noble kynge of all beestis    #
wolde
in the holy dayes of thys feest holde on open Court at stade /
whyche he dyde to knowe ouer alle in his lande / And commanded
by strayte commyssyons and maundements that euery beest
shold come thyder / in suche wyse that alle the beestis grete   #
and
smale cam to the courte sauf reynard the fox / for he knewe hym
self fawty and gylty in many thynges ayenst many beestis that
thyder sholde comen that he durste not auenture to goo thyder /
<P 7>
whan the kynge of alle beestis had assemblid alle his court /   #
ther
was none of them alle / but that he had complayned sore on      #
Reynart
the foxe

[}THE FIRST COMPLAYNT MADE ISEGRYM THE WULF ON REYNART
(\CAPITULO .IJ.\) }]

   Isegrym the wulf wyth his lynage and frendes cam and stode
to fore the kynge / And sayde hye and myghty prynce my lord
the kynge I beseche yow that thurgh your grete myght / ryght /
and mercy that ye wyl haue pyte on the grete trespas and the
vnresonable mysdedes that reynart the foxe hath don to me and   #
to
my wyf that is to wete he is comen in to my hows ayenst the     #
wylle
of my wyf / And there he hath be pyssed my chyldren where as    #
they
laye in suche wyse as they therof ben woxen blynde / wherupon
was a day sette/ and was Iuged that reygnart shold come and
haue excused hym hierof / and haue sworen on the holy sayntes
that he was not gylty therof / and whan the book wyth the       #
sayntes
was brought forth / tho had reygnart bythought hym other wyse /
And wente his waye agayn in to his hole / as he had nought      #
sette
therby / And dere kynge this knowen wel many of the bestes that
now be comen hyther to your court / And yet hath he trespaced   #
to
me in many other thinges / he is not lyuyng that coude telle    #
alle that
I now leue vntolde / But the shame and vyllonye that he hath    #
don to
my wyf / that shal I neuer hyde ne suffre it vnauengyd but      #
that he
shal make to me large amendes /

[}THE COMPLAYNT OF COURTOYS THE HOUNDE (\CAPITULO IIJ\) }]

   Whan thyse wordes were spoken so stode there a lytyl hounde
and was named courtoys / and complayned to the kynge /
how that in the colde wynter in the harde froste he had ben     #
sore
forwynterd / in suche wyse as he had kepte nomore mete than a
puddyng / wyche puddyng reygnard the foxe had taken away from
hym

[}THO SPAK TYBERT THE CATTE}]

   Wyth this so cam Tybert the catte wyth an Irous moed / and
sprang in emonge them and sayde My lord the kyng / I here
hier that reygnart is sore complayned on / and hier is none     #
but that
<P 8>
he hath ynowh to doo to clere hym self / that courtoys hier     #
complayneth
of that is passyd many yeres goon / how be it that I
complayne not / that pudyng was myne / For I hadde wonne it by
nyghte in a mylle / The myllar laye and slepe / yf courtoys had #
ony
parte hieron / that cam by me to / Thenne spak panther /        #
Thynke ye
Tybert that it were good that reynard sholde not be complayned  #
on /
he is a very murderer / a rouer / and a theef / he loueth       #
noman so
wel / not our lord the kyng here that he wel wold that he       #
shuld lese
good and worshyp / so that he myght wynne as moche as a legge   #
of
a fat henne / I shal telle yow what I sawe hym do yesterday to
Cuwaert the hare that hier standeth in the kynges pees and
saufgarde / he promysed to Cuwart and sayde he wold teche hym
his credo / and make hym a good chapelayn / he made hym goo
sytte bytwene his legges and sange and cryde lowde Credo.       #
Credo.
my waye laye ther by there that I herde this songe / Tho wente  #
I
ner and fonde maister reynard that had lefte that he fyrst      #
redde and
songe / and bygan to playe his olde playe / For he had caught
kywaert by the throte / and had I not that tyme comen he sholde
haue taken his lyf from hym like as ye hiere may see on kywaert
the hare the fresshe wounde yet / For sothe my lord the kynge   #
yf
ye suffre this vnpunysshyd and lete hym go quyte that hath thus
broken your peas / And wyl do no right after the sentence and
Iugement of your men / your Chyldren many yeris herafter shal   #
be
myspreysed and blamed therfore / Sykerly panther sayd Isegrym
ye saye trouthe / hit were good that right and Iustyse were     #
don /
for them that wolde fayn lyue in peas /

[}HOW GRYMBART THE DASSE THE FOXES SUSTERS SONE SPACK FOR
REYNART AND ANSWERD TO FORE THE KYNGE. (\CAPITULO .IIIJ.\) }]

   Tho spack Grymbart the dasse / and was Reynarts suster sone
wyth an angry moed / Sir Isegrym that is euyl sayd it is a
comyn prouerbe An Enemyes mouth / sayth seeld wel / what leye
ye / and wyte myn Eme Reynart / I wold that ye wolde a venture
that who of yow tweyne had moste trespaced to other sholde      #
hange
by the necke as a theef on a tree / But and yf he were as wel   #
in this
court and as wel wyth the kynge as ye be / it shold not be      #
thought
in hym / that it were ynowh / that ye shold come and aske hym
<P 9>
forgyuenes ye haue byten and nypte myn vncle wyth your felle
and sharp teeth many mo tymes that I can telle / yet wil I      #
telle
some poyntes that I wel knowe / knowe not ye how ye mysdeled on
the plays / whiche he threwe doun fro the carre / whan ye       #
folowed
after fro ferre / And ye ete the good plays allone / and gaf    #
hym
nomore than the grate or bones / whyche ye myght not ete your
self / In lyke wyse dyde ye to hym also of the fatte vlycche of
bacon / whiche sauourd so wel / that ye allone ete in your      #
bely /
and whan myn Eme askyd his parte / tho answerd ye hym agayn
in scorne / Reynart fayr yonglyng I shal gladly gyue you your   #
part /
but myn eme gate ne had nought / ne was not the better /        #
Notwithstandyng
he had wonnen the flycche of bacon wyth grete
drede / For the man cam and threw hym in a sacke / that he      #
scarsely
cam out wyth his lyf / Suche maner thynges hath reynart many
tymes suffred thurgh ysegrym.

   O ye lordes thynke ye that this is good / yet is ther more / #
he
complayneth how that reynart myn eme hath moche
trespaced to hym by cause of his wyf / Myn Eme hath leyn by her
but that is wel seuen yer to fore / er he wedded her / and yf   #
reynart
for loue and curtosye dyde with. her his wille / what was that  #
/ She
was sone heled therof / hierof by ryght shold be no complaynt   #
were
Isegrym wyse. he shold haue lefte that he doth to hym self no
worshyp thus to sklaundre his wyf / She playneth not / now      #
maketh
kywaert the hare a complaynt also / that thynketh me a          #
vyseuase /
yf he rede ne lerned a right his lesson / sholde not reynard    #
his
maister bete hym therfore / yf the scolers were not beten ne    #
smyten
and reprised of their truantrye / they shold neuer lerne /
   Now complayneth Curtoys that he with payne had goten a
puddyng in the wynter / at suche tyme as the coste is euyl to
fynde Therof hym had be better to haue holde his pees / for he  #
had
stolen it / (\Male quesisti et male perdidisti\) hit is ryght   #
that it be 
euil loste / that is euil wonne who shal blame Reynart / yf he  #
haue
taken fro a theef stolen good hit is reson who that             #
vnderstandeth
the lawe and can discerne the right / and that he be of hye     #
burthe
as myn Eme reynart is whiche knoweth wel how he shal resseyue
stolen good / ye al had he courtoys hanged whan he fonde hym    #
with
the menowr / he had not moche mysdon ne trespaced / Sauf
<P 10>
ayenst the crowne / that he had don Iustyse wythoute leue       #
wherfore
for the honour of the kynge he dyde it not / all hath he but    #
lytyl
thanke / what skatheth it hym that he is thus complayned on /   #
Myn
Eme is a gentil and a trewe man he may suffre no falshede /
he doth nothyng but by his prestes counseyl And I saye yow syth
that my lorde the kynge hath do proclamed his pees he neuer
thoughte to hurte ony man / For he eteth no more than ones a    #
day /
he lyueth as a recluse / he chastiseth his body and wereth a    #
sherte of
heer / hit is more than a yere that he hath eten no flesshe /   #
as I
yesterday herd saye of them that cam fro hym he hath lefte and
geuen ouer his Castel maleperduys / And hath bylded a cluse /
theryn dwelleth he / and hunteth nomore / ne desyreth no        #
wynnynge
but he lyueth by almesse and taketh nothyng but suche as men    #
gyue
hym for charyte and doth grete penance for his synnes / and he  #
is
woxen moche pale and lene of prayeng and wakyng For he wolde
be fayn wyth god / Thus as grymbert his eme stode and preched
thise wordes / so sawe they comen doun the hylle to hem         #
chauntecler
the cock and brought on a biere a deed henne of whom
reynart had byten the heed of / and that muste be shewed to the
kynge for to haue knowleche therof.

[}HOW THE COCKE COMPLAYNED ON REYNART (\CAPITULO. V=O=.\) }]

   Chauntecler cam forth and smote pyteously his handes and his
fetheris and on eche side of the byer wenten tweyne sorouful
hennes that one was called cantart and that other goode henne
Crayant they were two the fayrest hennes that were bytwene
holland and arderne / Thise hennes bare eche of them a brennyng
tapre whiche was longe and strayte / Thise two hennes were
coppens susters And they cryed so pitously / Alas and weleaway
for the deth of her dere suster coppen / Two yonge hennes
bare the byere whiche kakled so heuyly and wepte so lowde for
the deth of coppen their moder that it was ferre herde / thus   #
cam
they to gydre to fore the kynge / And chantecleer tho seyde /
Mercyful lord / my lord the kynge plese it yow to here our      #
complaynte /
/ And abhorren the grete scathe that reynart hath don to me
and my children that hiere stonden / it was so that in the      #
begynnyng
of appryl whan the weder is fayr / as that I was hardy and      #
prowde /
<P 11>
bycause of the grete lynage that I am comen of and also hadde /
For I had viij fayr sones and seuen fayr doughters whiche my    #
wyf
had hatched. and they were alle stronge and fatte and wente in  #
a
yerde whiche was walled round aboute / In whiche was a shadde
where in were six grete dogges whiche had to tore and plucked   #
many
a beestis skyn in suche wyse as my chyldren were not aferd / On
whom Reynart the theef had grete enuye by cause they were so
sure that he cowde none gete of them / how wel oftymes hath     #
this
fel theef goon rounde aboute this wal / and hath leyde for vs   #
in
suche wyse that the dogges haue be sette on hym and haue hunted
hym away / And ones they leep on hym vpon the banke / And that
cost hym somwhat for his thefte / I saw that his skyn smoked
neuertheles he wente his waye / god amende it /

   Thus were we quyte of reynart a longe whyle / atte laste     #
cam he in
lyknes of an heremyte / and brought to me a lettre for to rede
sealed wyth the kynges seal / in whiche stode wreton that the   #
kynge
had made pees oueral in his royame / and that alle maner        #
beestis
and fowlles shold doo none harme ner scathe to ony other /
yet sayd he to me more / that he was a cloysterer or a closyd   #
recluse
becomen / And that he wolde receyue grete penance for his       #
synnes /
he shewd me his slauyne and pylche and an heren sherte ther
vnder / and thenne sayd he / syr Chaunteclere after thys tyme   #
be no
more aferd of me ne take no hede / For I now wil ete nomore     #
flesshe /
I am forthon so olde / That I wolde fayn remembre my sowle I    #
wil
now go forth / for I haue yete to saye my sexte / none / and    #
myn
euensonge to god I bytake yow / Tho wente reynart thens sayeng
his Credo / and leyde hym vnder an hawthorn / Thenne / was I    #
glad
and mery / and also toke none hede / And wente to my chyldren
and clucked hem to gydre And wente wythout the wal for to walke
wherof is moche harme comen to vs / for reynart laye vnder a    #
busshe
and cam krepyng bitwene vs and the yate / so that he caught     #
one of
my chyldren and leyd hym in his male / wherof whe haue had      #
grete 
harme / for syth he hath tasted of hym / ther myght neuer       #
hunter
ne hounde saue ne kepe hym from vs / he hath wayted by nyghte
and daye in suche wyse that he hath stolen so many of my        #
chyldren
that of .xv. I haue but foure / in suche wyse hath this theef
<P 12>
forslongen them / And yet yesterday was coppen my doughter
that hier lyeth vpon the byer with the houndes rescowed This
complayne I to yow gracious kynge / haue pyte on myn grete and
vnresonable damage and losse of my fayre chyldren /

[}HOW THE KYNG SPACK TOUCHYNG THIS COMPLAYNT CA .VJ:}]

   Thenne spack the kynge / Syre dasse here ye this wel of the 
recluse your Eme he hath fasted and prayde that yf I lyue
a yere he shal abye it / Nowe herke chauntecler / your playnt   #
is
ynogh your doughter that lyeth here dede / we wyl gyue to her   #
the 
dethes right we may kepe her no lenger / we wil betake her to   #
god /
we wylle syngen here vygylie / and brynge her worshipfully on
erthe / and thenne we wille speke wyth thise lordes and take
counseyl how we may do ryght and Iustyse of thys grete murdre /
and brynge this fals theef to the lawe / Tho begonne they       #
(\placebo
domino\) / with the verses that to longen whiche yf I shold     #
saye /
were me to longe / whan this vigilye was don and the            #
commendacion /
she was leyde in the pytte / and ther vpon was leyde a marble   #
stone
polyshed as clere as ony glas and theron was hewen in grete     #
lettres
in this wyse coppe chanteklers doughter / whom Reynart the foxe
hath byten lyeth hier vnder buryed / complayne ye her For /     #
she is
shamefully comen to her deth / after this the / kynge sente     #
For his
lordes and wysest of his counseyl for to take aduys / how this  #
grete
murdre and trespaas shold be punysshyd on reynart the foxe /    #
Ther
was concluded and apoynted for the beste / that reynart shold   #
be
sent Fore and that he lefte not for ony cause / But he cam in   #
to the
kynges court For to here wat shold be sayd to hym / And that
bruyn the bere shold do the message. the kynge thought that     #
alle
this was good and saide to brune the bere syr brune I wyl that  #
ye
doo this message / but see wel to for your self / For reynart   #
is a
shrewe / and felle and knoweth so many wyles that he shal lye   #
and
flatre / and shal thynke how he may begyle deceyue and brynge   #
yow
to some mockerye / tho sayd brune what good lord late it
allone / deceyueth me the foxe / so haue I ylle lerned my       #
casus /
I trowe he shal come to late to mocque me / Thus departed       #
brune 
meryly fro thens / but it is to drede that he cam not so merely
agayn /
<P 13>

[}HOW BRUNE THE BEERE WAS SPED OF REYNART THE FOXE / 
(\CAPITULO .VIJ=O=.\) }]

   Now is brune goon on his waye toward the foxe wyth a stowte
moede / whiche supposed wel that the foxe sholde not haue
begyled hym / as he cam in a derke wode in a forest were as
reynard had a bypath whan he was hunted / ther bysyde was as
hie montayne and lande / and there muste brune in the myddel
goon ouer for to goo to maleperduys / for reynart had many a
dwellyng place / but the castel of maleperduys was the beste    #
and
the fastest burgh that he had / Ther laye he Inne whan he had   #
nede
and was in ony drede or fere / Now whan bruyn was comen to
maleperduys he fonde the yate fast shette / tho wente he to     #
fore the
yate and satte vpon his taylle and called Reynart be ye at      #
home I am
brownyng / the kynge hath sente me for yow that ye sholde come  #
to
court / for to plete your caas / he hath sworn there by his     #
god / come
ye not / or brynge I yow not with me for tabyde suche right and
sentence as shal be there gyuen / it shal coste you your lyf    #
he wyl
hange yow / or sette yow on the ratte / reynart doo by my       #
counseyl
and come to the court / Reynart laye within the gate as he      #
ofte was
wonte to doo for the warmth of the sonne / whan reynart herd
bruyn tho wente he Inneward in to his hole / for maleperduys    #
was
ful of hooles / hier one hool and there an other and yonder an  #
other /
narowe. croked and longe wyth / many weyes to goo out /
whiche he opend and shette after that he had nede / whan he had
ony proye brought home / or that he wiste that ony sought hym   #
for
hys mysdedes and trespaces / thenne he ran and hydde hym fro    #
his
enemyes in to hys secrete chambres / that they coude not fynde
hym / by whiche he deceyuyd many a beest that sought hym / and
to thought reynart in hym self how he myght best brynge the
beere in charge and nede / and that he abode in worship /

   In this thoughte reynart cam out and sayde bruyn eme ye be
welcome / I herde you wel to fore / but I was in myn euesong
therfore haue I the lenger taryed a lytyl / dere eme he hath    #
don to
you no good seruyse and I can hym no thank that hath sente you
ouer this longe hylle / for I see that ye be also wery that     #
the swete
renneth doun by your chekys / it was no nede / I had            #
neuertheles
comen to court to morowe but I sorowe now the lasse / for your 
<P 14>
wyse counseyl shal wel helpe me in the court / and coude the    #
kyng
fynde none lasse messager but yow For to sende hyther / that is
grete / wonder / For next the kynge ye be the mooste gentyl and
richest of leeuys and / of lande / I wolde wel that we were     #
now at the 
court but I fere me that I shal not conne wel goo thyder / for  #
I haue
eten so moche new mete / that me thynketh my bely wylle breke   #
or
cleue asonder and by cause the mete was nyewe / I ete the       #
more /
tho spack the bere lyef neue what mete haue ye eten that maked
yow so ful / dere eme that I ete what myght it helpe yow that
yf I tolde yow / I ete but symple mete a poure man is no lord   #
that
may ye knowe eme by me / we poure folke muste ete oftymes
suche as we gladly wolde not ete yf we had better / they were   #
grete
hony combes which I muste nedes ete for hunger / they haue made
my bely so grete / that I can nowher endure / Bruyn tho spack   #
anone /
alas reynart what saye ye / sette ye so lytyl by hony / me      #
ought to
preyse and loue it aboue alle mete / lief reynart helpe me      #
that I 
myght gete a deel of this hony / and as longe as I lyue I shal  #
be to
you a tryew friende and abyde by yow as ferre as ye helpe me    #
that
I may haue a parte of thys hony / 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 51>
[}HOW THE KYNGE HELDE HIS FEESTE / AND HOW LAPREEL THE CONY
COMPLAYNED VNTO THE KYNGE VPON REYNART THE FOXE
(\CAPITULO .XXIIJ=O=.\) }]

   To this grete feste cam al maner of beestis / For the kynge  #
dyde
do crye this feste ouer alle in that londe / Ther was the moste
Ioye and myrthe that euer was seen emonge beestis / Ther was
daunsed manerly the houedaunce with shalmouse trompettis and
alle maner of menestralsye / the kynge dyde do ordeyne so moche
mete / that euerych fonde ynough / And ther was no beest in al 
his lande so grete ne so lytyl but he was there / and ther      #
were many
fowles and byrdes also / and alle they that desired the kynges
frendship were there / sauyng reynard the foxe / the rede false
pilgrym whiche laye in a wayte to doo harme / and thoughte it   #
was
not good for hym to be there / Mete and drynke flowed there /
Ther weere playes and esbatemens / The feest was ful of         #
melodye /
One myght haue luste to see suche a feeste / and right as the   #
feeste
had dured viij dayes / aboute mydday cam in the cony lapreel    #
to
fore the kynge where he satte on the table with the quene / and
<P 52>
sayde al heuyly that all they herde hym that were there / My    #
lorde
haue pyte on my complaynt whiche is of grete force and murdre
that reynard the foxe wold haue don to me / yester morow as I   #
cam
rennyng by his borugh at maleperdhuys he stode byfore his dore
without lyke a pylgryme / I supposed to haue passed by hym
peasible toward this feste and whan he sawe me come / he came
ayenst me sayeng his bedes I salewed hym / but / he spack not   #
one
worde / but he raught out his right foot and dubbed me in the   #
necke 
bytwene myn Eeris / that I had wende I sholde haue loste my     #
heed /
but god be thanked I was so lyght that I sprange fro hym / wyth
moche payne cam I of his clawes / he grymmed as he had ben      #
angry
by cause he helde me no faster / tho I escaped from hym I       #
loste myn
one ere / and I had foure grete holes in my heed of his sharpe  #
nayles
that the blood sprange out / and that I was nyhe al a swoun /   #
but for
the grete fere of my lyf I sprange and ran so faste fro hym     #
that he
coude not ouertake me / See my lord thise grete woundes
that he hath made to me with his sharpe longe nayles / I praye  #
you
to haue pite of me and that ye wil / punysshe this false        #
traytour
and morderar / or ellis shal ther noman goo and comen ouer the
heth in saefte / whyles he haunteth his false and shrewde       #
rewle /

[}HOW CORBANT THE ROKE COMPLAYNED ON THE FOXE FOR THE DETH OF
HIS WYF (\CAPITULO .XXIIIJ=O=.\) }]

   Ryght as the cony had made an ende of his complaynt / cam in
corbant the roek flowen in the place to fore the kynge and
sayde / dere lorde here me / I brynge you hier a piteous        #
complaynt /
I wente to day by the morow wyth sharpebek my wyf for to playe
vpon the heth And there laye reynart the foxe doun on the       #
grounde
lyke a dede keytyf / hys eyen stared and his tonge henge longe  #
out
of his mouth / lyke an hounde had ben deed / we tasted and      #
felte his
bely / but we fonde theron no lyf / tho wente my wyf and        #
herkened
and leyde her ere to fore his mouth for to wite yf he drewe his
breeth / whiche mysfylle her euyl / For the false felle foxe    #
awayted
wel his tyme and whan he sawe her so nygh hym / he caught her   #
by
the heed and boote it of / tho was I in grete sorowe and cryde  #
lowde /
Alas alas what is there happed / thenne stode he hastely vp /   #
and
raught so couetously after me that for feere of deth / I        #
trembled and
<P 53>
flewh vpon a tree therby and sawe fro ferre how the false       #
keytyf ete
and slonked her in so hungerly that he lefte neyther flessh ne  #
bone /
nomore but a fewe fethers / the smal fethers he slange them in
wyth the flessh / he was so hungry / he wolde wel haue eten     #
tweyne /
Tho wente he his strete / tho flewe I doun wyth grete sorow and
gadred vp the fetheris for to shewe them to you here / I wolde  #
not
be agayn in suche peryl and fere as I was there for a thousand  #
marke /
of the fynest gold that euer cam out of arabye / My lord the    #
kyng
see hier this pyteous werke / Thise ben the fethers of          #
sharpbecke
my wyf / my lord yf ye wil haue worship ye muste do herfore
Iustyce and auenge you in suche wise as men may fere and holde
of yow / For yf ye suffre thus youre saufconduyt to be broken   #
/ ye
your self shal not goo peasibly in the hye way / for tho        #
lordes that do
not Iustyce and suffre that the lawe be not executed vpon the
theeuis / morderars and them that mysdoo / they be parteners to
fore god of alle theyr mysdedes and trespaces / and eueryche
thenne / wylle be a lord hym self / dere lorde see wel to for   #
to kepe
your self.

[}HOW THE KYNGE WAS SORE ANGRY OF THISE COMPLAYNTES
(\CAPITULO .XXV=O=.\) }]

   Noble the kyng was sore meuyd and angry whan he had herde
thise complayntes of the cony and of the roek / he was so
ferdful to loke on that his eyen glymmerd as fyre / he brayed   #
as
lowde as a bulle in suche wise that alle the court quoke for    #
feere /
at the laste he sayde cryeng / by my crowne and by the trouthe  #
that
I owe to my wyf I shal so awreke and auenge this trespaces /    #
that
it shal be longe spoken of after / that my saufconduyt and my
commandement is thus broken I was ouer nyce that I beleuid so
lyghtly the false shrewe / his false flateryng speche deceyued  #
me /
He tolde me he wolde go to rome / and fro thens ouer see to the
holy londe / I gaf hym male and palster and made of hym a       #
pylgrym
and mente al trouth / O what false touches can he / how can he
stuffe the sleue wyth flockes / but this caused my wyf / it     #
was al by
her counseyl / I am not the fyrst that haue ben deceyued by     #
wymmens
counseyl by whiche many a grete hurte hath byfallen / I pray    #
and
comande alle them that holde of me and desire my frendship / be
<P 54>
they here or wher someuer they be / that they wyth theyr        #
conseyl
and dedes helpe me tauenge this ouer grete trespaas / that we   #
and
owris may abyde in honour and worship / and this false theef in
shame that he nomore trespace ayenst our saufgarde / I wil my
self in my persone helpe therto al that I maye / 

   Ysegrym the wulf and bruyn the bere herde wel the kynges
wordes / and hoped wel to be auengid on reynard the foxe but
they durste not speke one word The kynge was so sore meuyd that
none durste wel speke / Atte laste the quene spak / (\Sire      #
pour dieu ne
croyes mye toutes choses que on vous dye / et ne Iures pas      #
legierment\) 
/ A man of worship shold not lyghtly bileue / ne swere gretly
vnto the tyme he knewe the mater clerly / and also me ought by
right here that other partye speke / Ther ben many that         #
complayne
on other and ben in the defaute them self. (\Audi alteram
partem.\) here that other partye / I haue truly holden the
foxe for good / and vpon that / that he mente no falshede / I   #
helped
hym that I myghte but how someuer it cometh or gooth / is he    #
euyl
or good / me thynketh for your worship that ye shold not        #
procede
ayenst hym ouer hastely that were not good ne honeste / For he
may not escape fro you / Ye maye prysone hym or flee hym / he
muste obeye your Iugement / thenne saide fyrapel the lupaerd /
My lord me thynketh / my lady here hath saide to you trouthe    #
and
gyuen yow good counseyl do ye wel and folowe her and take
aduyse of your wyse counseyl / And yf he be founden gylty in    #
the
trespaces that now to yow be shewd / late hym be sore punysshid
acordyng to hys trespaces / And yf he come not hyther / er this
feste be ended and excuse hym / as he ought of right to doo /   #
thenne
doo as the counseyl shal aduyse yow / But and yf he were twyes  #
as
moche false and ylle as he / is / I wolde not counseylle that   #
he
sholde be done to more than right /Isegrym the wulf saide sir
fyrapal. all we agree to the same as ferre as it pleseth my     #
lord the
kynge / it can not be better. But though reynart were now here.
and he cleryd hym of double so many playntes yet shold I brynge
forth ayenst hym that he had forfayted his / lyf. But I wyl     #
now be
stylle and saye not. by cause he is not presente and yet aboue  #
alle
this he hath tolde the kynge of certayn tresour lyeng in        #
krekenpyt
in hulsterlo. Ther was neuer lyed a greter lesyng. ther wyth he
<P 55>
hath vs alle begyled. and hath sore hyndred me and the bere. I  #
dar
leye my lyf theron that he sayd not therof a trewe worde. Now
robbeth he and steleth vpon the heth / alle that gooth forth by
his hows / Neuertheles sir firapel what that pleseth the kynge  #
and
yow / that muste wel be don / But and yf he wolde haue comen
hyther / he myght haue ben here for he had knowleche by the
kynges messager / The kynge sayde we wyl none otherwyse sende
for hym / but I commande alle them that owe me seruyse and      #
wylle
my honour and worshippe that they make them redy to the warre 
at the ende of vj dayes / all them that ben archers and haue    #
bowes / 
gonnes bombardes horsemen / and footemen that alle thise be     #
redy
to besiege maleperduys / I shal destroye reynart the foxe / yf  #
I be a
kynge / ye lordes and sires what saye ye hereto / wille ye doo  #
this
wyth a good wyl / And they sayd and cryed alle / ye we lorde /  #
whan
that ye wylle / we shal alle goo with yow.

[}HOW GRYMBERT THE DASSE WARNED / THE FOXE / THAT THE KYNGE WAS
WROTH WITH HYM AND WOLD SLEE HYM (\CAPITULO .XXVJ=O=.\) }]

   Alle thise wordes herde grymbert the dasse whiche was his
brother sone / he was sory and angry yf it myght haue           #
prouffyted
he ranne thenne the hye way to maleperduys ward / he spared
nether busshe ne hawe / but he hasted so sore that he swette /  #
he
sorowed in hym self for reynart his rede eme / and as he wente  #
he
saide to hym self Alas in what daunger be / ye comen in /       #
where shal
ye become shal I see you brought fro lyf to deth / or elles     #
exyled out
of the lande / truly I may be wel sorouful / for ye be the heed
of alle our lygnage / ye be wyse of counseyl / ye be redy to    #
helpe
your frendes whan they haue nede / ye can so wel shewe your     #
resons /
that where ye speke / ye wynne all / with suche maner wayllyng  #
/
and pytous wordes cam grymbert to maleperduys / And fonde       #
reynart
his eme there standyng / whiche had goten two pygeons / as      #
they cam
first out of her neste to assaye yf they coude flee and         #
bicause the
fethers on her wyngis were to shorte / they fylle doun to the   #
ground /
And as reynart was gon out to seche his mete / he espyed them   #
and
caught hem and was comen home with hem / And whan he sawe
grymbert comyng / he taryed and said / welcome my best beloued
neuew that I knowe in al my kynrede / ye haue ronne faste ye    #
ben al
<P 56>
be swette / haue ye ony newe tydynges / alas said he / lyef     #
eme it
standeth euyl wyth yow / ye haue loste both lyf and good / the
kynge hath sworn that he shal gyue you a shameful deth / he     #
hath
commanded alle his folke withyn vj dayes for to be here /       #
Archers
fotemen / horsemen / And peple in waynes And he hath gunnes /
bombardes tentes and pauyllyons / And also he hath do laaden
torches / See to fore yow / For ye haue nede / Ysegrym and      #
bruyn
ben better now wyth the kynge than I am wyth yow / Alle that    #
they
wille / Is doon / Isegrym hath don hym to vnderstande that ye   #
be
a theef and a morderar he hath grete enuye to yow. Lapreel the
cony and Corbant the roek haue made a grete complaynt also. I
sorow moche for your lyf. That for drede I am alle seke. Puf    #
said
the foxe / dere neuew is ther nothyng ellis / be ye so sore     #
aferd
herof Make good chere hardely / thaugh the kynge hym self and
alle that ben in the court had sworn my deth / yet shal I be    #
exalted
aboue them alle / They maye alle faste Iangle clatre and yeue
counseyl / but the courte may not prospere wythoute me and my
wyles and subtylte 

[}HOW REYNART THE FOXE CAM ANOTHER TYME TO THE COURTE
(\CAPITULO .XXVIJ=O=.\) }]

   Dere neuew late alle thise thynges passe and come here in /  #
and
see what I shal gyue you / a good payre of fatte pygeons /
I loue no mete better / They ben good to dygeste / they may     #
almost
be swolowen in al hool the bones ben half blode / I ete them    #
wyth
that other / I fele my self other whyle encombred in my stomak
therfore ete I gladly lyght mete. My wyf ermelyn shal receyue   #
vs
frendly / but telle her nothyng of this thynge / For she        #
sholde take it
ouer heuyly / she is tendre of herte. she myght for fere falle  #
in
somme sekenes / a lytyl thynge gooth sore to her herte / And to
morow erly I wil goo with yow to the courte / And yf I may      #
come to
speche and may be herd / I shal ansuere / That I shal touche
somme nygh ynowh / neuew wyl not ye stande by me / as a frende
ought to doo to another / yes truly dere eme said grymbert my   #
lyf
and alle my good is at your commandement / god thanke you
neuew said the foxe / That is wel said. yf I may lyue I shal    #
quyte it
yow / Eme said grymbert ye may wel come tofore alle the lordes  #
and
<P 57>
excuse yow ther shal none areste yow ne holde as longe as ye be
in your wordes / The quene and the lupaerd haue goten that /    #
then
said the foxe / therfor I am glad / thenne I care not for the   #
beste of
them an heer / I shal wel saue my self / they spake nomore      #
herof /
but wente forth in to the burgh / And fonde ermelyn there       #
sittyng
by her yonglyngs whiche aroose vp anon and receyuid them
frendly / Grymbert salewed his aunte and the chyldren wyth
frendly wordes / the ij pygeons were made redy for theyr soper  #
/
Whiche reynard had taken / eche of them toke his part as ferre  #
as it
wolde stratche / yf eche of hem had had one more / ther sholde  #
but
lytyl haue be lefte ouer / the foxe saide / lief neuewe / how   #
lyke /ye
my chyldren rosel and reynerdyn they shal do worship to alle    #
our
lygnage / They begynne al redy to do wel / that one catcheth    #
wel a
chyken and that other a pullet / They conne wel also duke in    #
the
water after lapwynches and dokys / I wolde ofte sende them for
prouande / but I wil fyrste teche them how they shal kepe them  #
fro
the grynnes / fro the hunters and fro the houndes / yf they     #
were so
ferre comen that they were wyse / I durste wel truste to them   #
that
they shold wel vytaylle vs in many good diuerses metes / That   #
we
now lacke / And they lyke and folowe me wel / For they playe    #
alle
grymmyng and where they hate they loke frendly and meryly
For ther by they brynge them vnder their feet / And byte the    #
throte 
asondre / This is the nature of the foxe / They be swyfte in    #
their
takynge whiche pleseth me wel.

   Eme said grymbert ye may be glad that ye haue suche wyse
chyldren / And I am glad of them also by cause they be of my
kynne / Grymbert said the foxe ye haue swette and be wery it    #
were
hye tyde that ye were at your reste / Eme yf it plese you it    #
thynketh
me good Tho laye they doun on a lytier made of strawe / the     #
foxe /
hys wyf and hys chyldren wente alle to slepe / But the foxe     #
was al
heuy / and laye. sighed and sorowed how he myght beste excuse
hym self / On the morow erly he ruymed his castel and wente     #
with
grymbart / but he toke leue first of dame ermelyn his wyf and   #
of 
his chyldren / and sayde thynke not longe I muste goo to the    #
court
wyth grymbert my cosyn / yf I tarye somwhat be not aferde / and
yf ye here ony ylle tydyngis / take it alway for the beste.     #
And see
wel to your self and kepe our castel wel I shal doo yonder the  #
beste
<P 58>
I can after that I see how it gooth Alas reyner said she how    #
haue ye
now thus taken vpon yow for to go to the court agayn / the last
tyme that ye were there ye were in grete ieopardye of your lyf.
And ye sayde ye wold neuer come there more. dame said the foxe.
thauenture of the world is wonderly it goth otherwhyle by       #
wenyng /
Many one weneth to haue a thing whiche he muste forgoo. I
muste nedes now go thyder / be content it is al wythoute drede  #
/
I hope to come at alther lengest with in fyue dayes agayn /     #
Here
wyth he departed and wente wyth grymbert to the court ward /
And whan they were vpon the heeth thenne sayde reyner /
Neuew syth I was laste shryuen I haue don many shrewde tornes /
I wolde ye wold here me now of alle that I haue trespaced in /
I made the bere to haue a grete wounde for the male whiche was
cutte out of his skynne / And also I made the wulf and his wyf  #
to
lese her shoon / I peased the kynge with grete lesyngis and     #
bare
hym on honde that the wulf and the bere wold haue betrayed hym
and wolde haue slayn hym / so I made the kynge right wroth with
them where they deseruyd it not / also I tolde to the kynge     #
that
ther was grete tresour in hulsterlo of whiche he was neuer the
better ne richer / for I lyed al that I sayde / I ledde bellyn  #
the ramme 
and kywart the hare with me / and slewe kyward and sente to the
kynge by bellyn kywarts heed in skorn / And I dowed the cony
bytwene his eeris that almost I benamme his lyf from hym For he
escaped ayenst my wyl / he was to me ouerswyft / The roeke may
wel complayne / for I swolowed in dame sharpbeck his wyf / and
also I haue forgoten on thyng the laste tyme that I was         #
shreuen to
you / Which I haue syth bethought me / And it was of grete
deceyte that I dyde whiche I now wyll telle yow / I cam wyth    #
the
wulf walkynge bytwene houthulst and eluerdynge / There sawe
we goo a rede mare / And she had a black colte or a fool of     #
iiij
monethis olde / which was good and fatte Isegrym was almost 
storuen for hunger / And prayd me goo to the mare / and wyte of
her yf she wold selle her fool / I ran faste to the mare / And  #
axed
that of her / she sayd she wold selle it for money / I          #
demaunded of
her how she wold selle it / she sayde it is wreton in my        #
hyndre foot /
Yf ye conne rede and be a clerk ye may come see and rede it.    #
Tho
wyste I wel where she wold be. and I saide nay for sothe I can
not rede / And also I desyre not to bye your chylde Isegrym     #
hath
sente me hether. and wold fayn knowe the prys therof / the mare
<P 59>
saide late hym come thenne hym self / And I shal late hym haue
knowleche / I sayde / I shal / and hastely wente to ysegrym and
saide / eme wil ye ete your bely ful of this colte / so goo     #
faste to the
mare for she taryeth after yow / She hath do wryte the pris of  #
her
colte vnder her fote she wolde that I shold haye redde it /     #
but I
can not one lettre / whiche me sore repenteth / For I wente     #
neuer
to scole / eme wylle ye bye that colte / conne ye rede so maye  #
ye bye
it / oy neuew that can I wel what shold me lette / I can wel    #
frenshe
latyn englissh and duche. I haue goon to scole at oxenford I    #
haue
also wyth olde and auncyent doctours ben in the audyence and
herde plees / and also haue gyuen sentence / I am lycensyd in   #
bothe
lawes / what maner wrytyng that ony man can deuyse / I can      #
rede it
as perfyghtly as my name I wyl goo to her and shal anon         #
vnderstonde
the prys / and bad me to tarye for hym / and he ranne to the
mare / and axed of her how she wold selle her fool or kepe it   #
/ she
sayde the somme of the money standeth wreton after on my fote
he saide late me rede it / she saide doo and lyfte vp her foot  #
whiche
was newe shood wyth yron and vj stronge nayles / and she smote  #
hym
wythout myssyng on his heed that he fyl doun as he had ben      #
deed /
a man shold wel haue ryden a myle er he aroos / The mare        #
trotted
a way wyth her colte / And she leet Isegrym lyeng shrewdly hurt
and wounded He laye and bledde / And howled as an hound /
I wente tho to hym and sayde / Sir ysegrym dere eme how is it
now wyth yow. haue ye eten ynowh of the colte / is your bely    #
ful.
why gyue ye me no part I dyde your erande. haue ye slepte your
dyner I pray yow telle me what was wreton vnder the mares fote
what was it. prose or ryme. metre or verse. I wold fayn knowe   #
it.
I trowe it was cantum. for I herde you synge me thoughte fro    #
ferre.
for ye were so wyse that noman coude rede it better than ye /   #
Alas
reynart alas said the wulf I pray you to leue youre mockyng. I  #
am
so foule arayed and sore hurte. that an herte of stone myght    #
haue
pyte of me. The hore wyth her longe legge had an yron foot I
wende the nayles therof had ben lettres / and she hytte me at   #
the
fyrst stroke vj. grete woundes in my heed that almost it is     #
clouen.
suche maner lettres shal I neuer more desire to rede /

   Dere eme is that trouthe that ye telle me / I haue herof     #
grete meruaylle
/ I heelde you for one of the wysest clerkes that now
lyue / Now I here wel / it is true that I long syth haue redde  #
and
herde / that the beste clerkes / ben not the wysest men / the   #
laye 
<P 60>
peple otherwhyle wexe wyse / the cause that thise clerkes ben   #
not
the wysest / is that they studye so moche in the connyng and
science / that they therin doole / Thus brought I Isegrym in    #
this
grete laste and harme. That he vnneth byhelde his lyf / Lyef    #
neuew
now haue I tolde you alle my synnes that I remembre. What so
euer falle at the courte. I wote neuer how it shal stonde with  #
me
there. I am not now so sore aferd For I am clere from synne
I wyl gladly come to mercy / and receyue penance by your        #
counseyl
grymbert sayde the trespaces ben grete / neuertheles who that   #
is
deed muste abide deed. and therfore I wyl forgyue it you al
togydre / With the fere that ye shal suffre therfore. er ye     #
shal conne
excuse you of the deth / and hier vpon I wyl assoylle you. but  #
the
moste hyndre that ye shal be. that ye sente kywarts heed
to the court And that ye blynded the kynge wyth suche lyes /    #
Eme
that was right euyl doon / The foxe sayde . what lyef neuew.    #
Who
that wyl goo thurgh the world this to here. and that to see /   #
and that
other to telle. truly it may not clerly be done. how shold ony  #
man
handle hony. but yf he lycked his fyngres I am oftymes rored
and prycked in my conscience as to loue god aboue all thynge 
and myn euen crysten as my self. as is to god wel acceptable.   #
and
acordyng to his lawe / But how wene ye that reson wythin forth
fyghteth ayenst the outeward wylle than stonde I alle stylle    #
in my
self that me thynketh I haue loste alle my wittes / And wote    #
not what
me eyleth I am thenne in suche a thought / I haue now alle      #
lefte my
synnes / And hate alle thynge that is not good / and clymme in
hye contemplacion aboue his commandements but this specyal
grace haue I whan I am alone / But in a short whyle after whan  #
the
world cometh in me thenne fynde I in my waye so many stones /
and the fote spores that thyse loos prelates / and riche        #
preestys goo
in / that I am anone taken agayn / thenne cometh the world and  #
wyl
haue this / And the flesshe wyl lyue plesantly / whiche leye    #
to fore
me so many thinges that I thenne lose alle my good thoughtis
and purpoos / I here there synge pype / lawhe / playe / and     #
alle
myrthe / And I here that these prelates and riche curates       #
preche
and saye al other wyse / than they thynke and doo / There       #
lerne I
to lye / the lesynges ben moste vsed in the lordes courtes      #
certaynly
lordes / ladyes / prestis and clerkes maken most lesyngis /     #
Men dar
not telle to the lordes now the trouthe / Ther is defaute / I   #
must flatre
<P 61>
and lye also / or ellis I shold be shette wythout the dore / I  #
haue ofte
herde men saye trouthe and rightfully / and haue theyr reson    #
made
wyth a lesynge lyke to theyr purpose and brought it in and      #
wente
thurgh by cause their mater shold seme the fayrer / The lesyng
oftymes cometh vnauysed / And falleth in the mater vnwetyngly /
And so whan she is wel cladde / it goth forth thurgh with that 
other /

   Dere neuew thus muste men now lye here / and there saye soth
flatre / and menace / praye and curse / And seke euery man
vpon his feblest and wekest / who otherwyse wylle now haunte    #
and
vse the world / than deuyse a lesyng in the fayrest wyse / and  #
that 
bywymble with kerchieuis aboute in suche wise that men take it
for a trouthe / he is not ronne away fro his maister / Can he   #
that
subtylte in suche wise that he stamer not in his wordes / and   #
may 
thenne be herde / neuew / this man may doo wonder he may were 
skarlet and gryse / he wynneth in the spyrituel lawe and        #
temporal
also and where sommeuer he hath to doo / Now ben ther many
false shrewis that haue grete enuye that they  haue so grete    #
fordele /
And wene that they conne also wel lye / And take on them to
lye and to telle it forth / he wolde fayn ete of the fatte      #
morsellis.
but he is not bileued ne herd / And many ben ther that be so
plompe and folisshe that whan they wene beste to prononce and
shewe their matere and conclude. They falle besyde and oute
therof. And can not thenne helpe hem self / and leue theyr      #
mater
wythout tayl or heed and he is a compted for a fool / And many
mocke them ther with / but who can gyue to his lesynge a        #
conclusion
/ and prononce it without tatelyng lyke as it were wreton to
fore hym / and that he can so blynde the peple / That his       #
lesynge
shal better be bileuid than the trouthe / That is the man. What
connyng is it to saye the trouth that is good to doo. How lawhe
thise false subtyl shrewis that gyue counseyl to make thise     #
lesynges.
and sette them forth / And maken vnright goo aboue right / and  #
make
billes / and / sette in thynges that neuer were thought ne      #
sayd / and
teche men see thurgh their fyngres And alle for to wynne money  #
/
and late their tonges to hyre for to mayntene and strengthe     #
their
lesyngis alas neuewe this is an euyl connyng / of whiche. lyf.  #
scathe
and hurte may come ther of /
<P 62>
   I Saye not but that otherwhyle men muste Iape / bourde and   #
lye
in smale thyngis / for who so sayth alway trouthe. he may not
now goo nowher thurgh the world. ther ben many that playe
placebo. who so alleway sayth trouth. shal fynde many lettyngis #
in
his way. Men may wel lye whan it is nede / and after amende it
by counseyl / For alle trespaces / ther is mercy. Ther is no    #
man so
wyse / but he dooleth otherwhyle / Grymbert sayde wel dere eme
what thynge shal you lette. ye knowe al thyng at the narewest   #
/ ye
shulde brynge me hastely in dotyng your resons passen my
vnderstandyng / what nede haue ye to shryue you / ye shulde     #
your
self by right be the preest / And lete me and other sheep come  #
to
you for to be shryuen / ye knowe the state of the world in      #
suche
wyse as noman may halte tofore you / Wyth suche maner talkynge
they cam walkyng in to the court / The foxe sorowed somwhat in
his herte / Neuertheles he bare it out and stryked forth        #
thurgh alle
the folke til he cam in to the place where the kynge hym self   #
was /
And grymbert was alway by the foxe and sayd eme be not a ferde.
and make good chere / who that is hardy /thauenture helpeth     #
hym /
Oftymes one day is better than somtyme an hole yere / the foxe
saide / Neuew ye saye trouthe / god thanke you ye comforte me   #
wel /
And forth he wente and lokyd grymly here and there as who       #
saith /
what wylle ye here come I / he sawe there many of his kynne     #
standyng
whiche yonned hym but lytyl good / as the otter beuer and
other to the nombre of .x. whome I shal. name afterward / And
somme were there that loued hym. The Foxe cam in and fyl doun
on his knees to fore the kyng and began his wordes and sayde. 



<B CMMALORY>
<Q M4 NI ROM MALORY>
<N MORTE DARTHUR>
<A MALORY THOMAS>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WML>
<V PROSE>
<T ROMANCE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MALORY, THOMAS.
TEXT:  MORTE DARTHUR.
THE WORKS OF SIR THOMAS MALORY.
ED. E. VINAVER. 
LONDON: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1954. 
PP. 44.31  - 53.37  (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 198.31 - 208.31 (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 657.23 - 667.4  (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 44>
[}II. BALIN OR THE KNIGHT WITH THE
TWO SWORDS}]

   Afftir the deth of Uther regned Arthure, hys son, which had
grete warre in hys dayes for to gete all Inglonde into hys      #
honde;
<P 45>
for there were many kyngis within the realme of Inglonde and of
Scotlonde, Walys and Cornuwayle.
   So hit befelle on a tyme whan kynge Arthure was at London,   #
ther
com a knyght and tolde the kynge tydyngis how the kynge Royns   #
of
Northe Walis had rered a grete numbir of peple and were entred  #
in
the londe and brente and slew the kyngis trew lyege people.
   'Iff thys be trew,' seyde Arthure, 'hit were grete shame     #
unto myne
astate but that he were myghtyly withstonde.'
   'Hit ys trouthe,' seyde the knyght, 'for I saw the oste      #
myselff.'
   'Well,' seyde the kynge, 'I shall ordayne to wythstonde hys  #
malice.'
   Than the kynge lette make a cry that all the lordis,         #
knyghtes and
jantilmen of armys sholde draw unto the castell called Camelot  #
in
tho dayes, and there the kynge wolde lette make a counceile     #
generall
and a grete justis. So whan the kynge was com thidir with all   #
his
baronage and logged as they semed beste, also there was com [{a
damoisel{] the which was sente frome the grete Lady Lyle of     #
Avilion.
And whan she com before kynge Arthure she tolde fro whens she
com, and how she was sente on message unto hym for thys causis.
Than she lette hir mantell falle that was rychely furred, and   #
than
was she gurde with a noble swerde whereof the kynge had         #
mervayle
and seyde,
   'Damesel, for what cause ar ye gurte with that swerde? Hit
besemyth you nought.'
   'Now shall I telle you,' seyde the damesell. 'Thys swerde    #
that I am
gurte withall doth me grete sorow and comberaunce, for I may    #
nat
be delyverde of thys swerde but by a knyght, and he muste be a
passynge good man of hys hondys and of hys dedis, and withoute
velony other trechory and withoute treson. And if I may fynde   #
such
a knyght that hath all thes vertues he may draw oute thys       #
swerde
oute of the sheethe. For I have bene at kynge Royns, for hit    #
was
tolde me there were passyng good knyghtes; and he and all his
knyghtes hath assayde and none can spede.'
   'Thys ys a grete mervayle,' seyde Arthure. 'If thys be       #
sothe I woll
assay myselffe to draw oute the swerde, nat presumynge myselff  #
that
I am the beste knyght; but I woll begynne to draw youre swerde  #
in
gyvyng an insample to all the barownes, that they shall assay   #
everych
one aftir othir whan I have assayde.'
<P 46>
   Than Arthure toke the swerde by the sheethe and gurdil and
pulled at hit egirly, but the swerde wolde nat oute.
   'Sir,' seyd the damesell, 'ye nede nat for to pulle halffe   #
so sore, for
he that shall pulle hit oute shall do hit with litill myght.'
   'Ye sey well,' seyde Arthure. 'Now assay ye all, my          #
barownes.'
   'But beware ye be nat defoyled with shame, trechory, nother  #
gyle,
for than hit woll nat avayle,' seyde the damesel, 'for he       #
muste be a
clene knyght withoute vylony and of jantill strene of fadir     #
syde and
of modir syde.'
   The moste parte of all the barownes of the Rounde Table that
were there at that tyme assayde all be rew, but there myght     #
none
spede. Wherefore the damesel made grete sorow oute of mesure    #
and
seyde,
   'Alas! I wente in this courte had bene the beste knyghtes    #
of the
worlde withoute trechory other treson.'
   'Be my faythe,' seyde Arthure, 'here ar good knyghtes as I   #
deme
as ony be in the worlde, but their grace ys nat to helpe you,   #
wherefore
I am sore displeased.'
   Than hit befelle so that tyme there was a poore knyght with  #
kynge
Arthure that had bene presonere with hym half a yere for sleyng
of a knyght which was cosyne unto kynge Arthure. And the name
of thys knyght was called Balyne, and by good meanys of the
barownes he was delyverde oute of preson, for he was a good man
named of his body, and he was borne in Northehumbirlonde. And
so he wente pryvaly into the courte and saw thys adventure      #
whereoff
hit reysed his herte, and wolde assayde as othir knyghtes ded.  #
But
for he was poore and poorly arayde, he put hymselff nat far in  #
prees.
But in hys herte he was fully assured to do as well if hys      #
grace
happed hym as ony knyght that there was. And as the damesell    #
toke
[{her{] leve of Arthure and of all the barownes, so             #
departynge, thys
knyght Balyn called unto her and seyde,
   'Damesell, I pray you of youre curteysy suffir me as well    #
to assay
as thes other lordis. Thoughe that I be pourely arayed yet in   #
my
herte mesemyth I am fully assured as som of thes other, and
mesemyth in myne herte to spede ryght welle.'
   Thys damesell than behelde thys poure knyght and saw he was  #
a
lyckly man; but for hys poure araymente she thought he sholde   #
nat
<P 47>
be of no worship withoute vylony or trechory. And than she      #
seyde
unto that knyght,
   'Sir, hit nedith nat you to put me to no more payne, for     #
hit semyth
nat you to spede thereas all thes othir knyghtes have fayled.'
   'A, fayre damesell,' seyde Balyn, 'worthynes and good        #
tacchis and
also good dedis is nat only in araymente, but manhode and       #
worship
[{ys hyd{] within a mannes person; and many a worshipfull       #
knyght
ys nat knowyn unto all peple. And therefore worship and         #
hardynesse
ys nat in araymente.'
   'Be God,' seyde the damesell, 'ye sey soth, therefore ye     #
shall assay
to do what ye may.'
   Than Balyn toke the swerde by the gurdyll and shethe and     #
drew
hit oute easyly; and whan he loked on the swerde hit pleased    #
hym
muche. Than had the kynge and all the barownes grete mervayle
that Balyne had done that aventure; many knyghtes had grete
despite at hym.
   'Sertes,' seyde the damesell, 'thys ys a passynge good       #
knyght and
the beste that ever y founde, and moste of worship withoute     #
treson,
trechory, or felony. And many mervayles shall he do. Now,       #
jantyll
and curtayse knyght, geff me the swerde agayne.'
   'Nay,' seyde Balyne, 'for thys swerde woll I kepe but hit    #
be takyn
fro me with force.'
   'Well,' seyde the damesell, 'ye ar nat wyse to kepe the      #
swerde fro
me, for ye shall sle with that swerde the beste frende that ye  #
have
and the man that ye moste love in the worlde, and that swerde   #
shall
be youre destruccion.'
   'I shall take the aventure,' seyde Balyn, 'that God woll     #
ordayne
for me. But the swerde ye shall nat have at thys tyme, by the   #
feythe
of my body!'
   'Ye shall repente hit within shorte tyme,' seyde the         #
damesell, 'for
I wolde have the swerde more for youre avauntage than for myne;
for I am passynge hevy for your sake, for and ye woll nat leve  #
that
swerde hit shall be youre destruccion, and that ys grete        #
pite`.'
   So with that departed the damesell and grete sorow she made.
And anone afftir Balyn sente for hys horse and armoure, and so
wolde departe frome the courte, and toke his leve of kynge      #
Arthure.
   'Nay,' seyde the kynge, 'I suppose ye woll nat departe so    #
lyghtly
<P 48>
from thys felyship. I suppose that ye ar displesyd that I have  #
shewed
you unkyndnesse. But blame me the lesse, for I was              #
mysseinfourmed
ayenste you: but I wente ye had nat bene such a knyght as ye    #
ar of
worship and prouesse. And if ye woll abyde in thys courte       #
amonge
my felyship, I shall so avaunce [{you{] as ye shall be          #
pleased.'
   'God thanke youre Hyghnesse,' seyde Balyne. 'Youre bounte`   #
may
no man prayse halff unto the valew, butt at thys tyme I muste   #
nedis
departe, besechynge you allway of youre good grace.'
   'Truly,' seyde the kynge, 'I am ryght wroth of youre         #
departynge.
But I pray you, fayre knyght, that ye tarry nat longe frome     #
me, and
ye shall be ryght wellcom unto me and to my barownes, and I     #
shall
amende all mysse that I have done agaynste you.'
   'God thanke youre good grace,' seyde Balyn, and therewith    #
made
hym redy to departe. Than the moste party of the knyghtes of    #
the
Rounde Table seyde that Balyne dud nat this adventure [{all{]   #
on[{l{]y
by myght but by wycchecrauffte.
   So the meanwhyle that thys knyght was makynge hym redy to
departe, there com into the courte the Lady of the Laake, and   #
she
com on horsebacke rychely beseyne, and salewed kynge Arthure    #
and
there asked hym a gyffte that he promysed her whan she gaff hym
the swerde.
   'That ys sothe,' seyde Arthure, 'a gyffte I promysed you,    #
but I have
forgotyn the name of my swerde that ye gaff me.'
   'The name of hit,' seyde the lady, 'ys Excalibir, that ys    #
as muche
to sey as Kutte Stele.'
   'Ye sey well,' seyde the kynge. 'Aske what ye woll and ye    #
shall
have hit and hit lye in my power to gyff hit.'
   'Well,' seyde thys lady, 'than I aske the hede of thys       #
knyght that
hath wonne the swerde, othir ellis the damesels hede that       #
brought
hit. I take no force though I have both theire hedis: for he    #
slew my
brothir, a good knyght and a trew; and that jantillwoman was    #
causer
of my fadirs death.'
   'Truly,' seyde kynge Arthure, 'I may nat graunte you nother  #
of
theire hedys with my worship; therefore aske what ye woll els,  #
and
I shall fulfille youre desire.'
   'I woll aske none other thynge,' seyde the lady.
   So whan Balyn was redy to departe, he saw the Lady of the    #
Lake
<P 49>
which by hir meanys had slayne hys modir; and he had sought hir
three yere before. And whan hit was tolde hym how she had asked
hys hede of kynge Arthure, he wente to hir streyght and seyde,
   'Evyll be [{y{]e founde: ye wolde have myne hede, and        #
therefore
ye shall loose youres!'
   And with hys swerde lyghtly he smote of hyr hede before      #
kynge
Arthure.
   'Alas, for shame!' seyde the kynge. 'Why have ye do so? Ye   #
have
shamed me and all my courte, for thys lady was a lady that I    #
was
muche beholdynge to, and hyder she com undir my                 #
sauffconduyghte.
Therefore I shall never forgyff you that trespasse.'
   'Sir,' seyde Balyne, 'me forthynkith of youre displeasure,   #
for this
same lady was the untrwyste lady lyvynge, and by inchauntement
and by sorcery she hath bene the destroyer of many good         #
knyghtes,
and she was causer that my modir was brente thorow hir          #
falsehode
and trechory.'
   'For what cause soever ye had,' seyde Arthure, 'ye sholde    #
have
forborne in my presence. Therefore thynke nat the contrary: ye
shall repente hit, for such anothir despite had I nevir in my   #
courte.
Therefore withdraw you oute of my courte in all the haste that  #
ye
may.'
   Than Balyn toke up the hede of the lady and bare hit with    #
hym
to hys ostry, and there mette with hys squyre that was sory he  #
had
displeased kynge Arthure, and so they rode forthe oute of       #
towne.
   'Now,' seyde Balyne, 'we muste departe; therefore take thou  #
thys
hede and bere hit to my frendis and telle hem how I have        #
spedde,
and telle hem in Northhumbirlonde how my moste foo ys dede.     #
Also
telle hem how I am oute of preson, and what adventure befelle   #
me
at the getynge of this swerde.'
   'Alas!' seyde the squyre, 'ye ar gretly to blame for to      #
displease
kynge Arthure.'
   'As for that,' seyde Balyne, 'I woll hyghe me in all         #
[{the{] haste
that I may [{to{] mete with kyng Royns and destroy hym, othir   #
ellis
to dye therefore. And iff hit may happe me to wynne hym, than   #
woll
kynge Arthure be my good frende.'
   'Sir, [{wher{] shall I mete with you?' seyde his squyre.
   'In kynge Arthurs courte,' seyde Balyne. So his squyre and   #
he
<P 50>
departed at that tyme. Than kynge Arthure and all the courte    #
made 
grete dole and had grete shame of the Lady of the Lake. Than    #
the
kynge buryed hir rychely.
   So at that tyme there was a knyght, the which was the        #
kynges son
of Irelonde, and hys name was Launceor, the which was an        #
orgulus
knyght and accompted hymselff one of the beste of the courte.   #
And
he had grete despite at Balyne for the enchevynge of the        #
swerde,
that ony sholde be accompted more hardy or more of prouesse,    #
and
he asked kynge Arthure licence to ryde afftir Balyne and to     #
revenge
the despite that he had done.
   'Do youre beste,' seyde Arthur. 'I am ryght wrothe with      #
Balyne.
I wolde he were quytte of the despite that he hath done unto    #
me and
my courte.'
   Than thys Launceor wente to his ostre` to make hym redy. So  #
in
the meanewhyle com Merlyon unto the courte of kynge Arthure,
and anone was tolde hym the adventure of the swerde and the     #
deth
of the Lady of the Lake.
   'Now shall I sey you,' seyde Merlion; ' thys same damesell   #
that
here stondith, that brought the swerde unto youre courte, I     #
shall
telle you the cause of hir commynge. She ys the falsist         #
damesell that
lyveth - she shall nat sey nay! For she hath a brothir, a       #
passyng
good knyght of proues and a full trew man, and thys damesell    #
loved
anothir knyght that hylde her as paramoure. And thys good       #
knyght,
her brothir, mette with the knyght that helde hir to            #
paramoure, and
slew hym by force of hys hondis. And whan thys false damesell
undirstoode this she wente to the lady Lyle of Avylion and      #
besought
hir of helpe to be revenged on hir owne brothir.
   'And so thys lady Lyle of Avylion toke hir this swerde that  #
she
brought with hir, and tolde there sholde no man pulle hit oute  #
of the
sheethe but yf he be one of the beste knyghtes of thys realme,  #
and
he sholde be hardy and full of prouesse; and with that swerde   #
he
sholde sle hys brothir. Thys was the cause, damesell, that ye   #
com
into thys courte. I know hit as well as ye. God wolde ye had    #
nat
come here; but ye com never in felyship of worshipfful folke    #
for
to do good, but allwayes grete harme. And that knyght that hath
encheved the swerde shall be destroyed thorow the swerde; for   #
the
which woll be grete damage, for there lyvith nat a knyght of    #
more
<P 51>
prouesse than he ys. And he shall do unto you, my lorde         #
Arthure,
grete honoure and kyndnesse; and hit ys grete pite` he shall    #
nat
endure but a whyle, for of his strengthe and hardinesse I know  #
hym
nat lyvynge hys macche.'
   So thys knyght of Irelonde armed hym at all poyntes and      #
dressed
his shylde on hys sholdir and mownted uppon horsebacke and toke
hys glayve in hys honde, and rode aftir a grete pace as muche   #
as hys
horse myght dryve. And within a litill space on a mowntayne he  #
had
a syght of Balyne, and with a lowde voice he cryde,
   'Abyde, knyght! for ells ye shall abyde whethir ye woll      #
other no.
And the shelde that ys tofore you shall nat helpe you,' seyde   #
thys
Iryshe knyght, 'therefore com I affter you.'
   'Peradventure,' seyde Balyne, 'ye had bene bettir to have    #
holde
you at home. For many a man wenyth to put hys enemy to a        #
rebuke,
and ofte hit fallith on hymselff. Oute of what courte be ye     #
com fro?'
seyde Balyn.
   'I am com frome the courte of kynge Arthure,' seyde the      #
knyght
of Irelonde, 'that am com hydir to revenge the despite ye dud   #
thys
day unto kynge Arthure and to his courte.'
   'Well,' seyde Balyne, 'I se well I must have ado with you;   #
that me
forthynkith that I have greved kynge Arthure or ony of hys      #
courte.
And youre quarell ys full symple,' seyde Balyne, 'unto me; for  #
the
lady that ys dede dud to me grete damage, and ellis I wolde     #
have
bene lothe as ony knyght that lyvith for to sle a lady.'
   'Make you redy,' seyde the knyght Launceor, 'and dresse you  #
unto
me, for that one shall abyde in the fylde.'
   Than they fewtred their spearis in their restis and com      #
togidirs as
muche as their horsis my[{g{]ht dryve. And the Irysh knyght     #
smote
Balyn on the shylde that all wente to shyvers of hys spere. And
Balyne smote hym agayne thorow the shylde, and [{the{] hawbirk
perysshed, and so bore hym thorow the body and over the horse
crowper; and anone turned hys horse fersely and drew oute hys
swerde, and wyst nat that he had slayne hym.
   Than he saw hym lye as a dede corse, he loked aboute hym and
was ware of a damesel that com rydynge full faste as the horse  #
myght
dryve, on a fayre palferey. And whan she aspyed that Launceor   #
was
slayne she made sorow oute of mesure and seyde,
<P 52>
   'A! Balyne, two bodyes thou haste sla[{in in{] one herte,    #
and two 
hertes in one body, and two soules thou hast loste.'
   And therewith she toke the swerde frome hir love that lay    #
dede,
and felle to the grounde in a swowghe. And whan she arose she
made grete dole oute of mesure, which sorow greved Balyn        #
passyngly
sore. And he wente unto hir for to have tane the swerde oute    #
of hir
honde; but she helde hit so faste he myght nat take hit oute    #
of hir
honde but yf he sholde have hurte hir. And suddeynly she sette  #
the
pomell to the grounde, and rove hirselff thorowoute the body.
   Whan Balyne aspyed hir dedis he was passynge hevy in his     #
herte
and ashamed that so fayre a damesell had destroyed hirselff     #
for the
love of hys dethe. 'Alas!' seyde Balyn, 'me repentis sore the   #
dethe of
thys knyght for the love of thys damesel, for there was muche   #
trw
love betwyxte hem.' And so for sorow he myght no lenger beholde
them, but turned hys horse and loked towarde a fayre foreste.
   And than was he ware by hys armys that there com rydyng hys
brothir Balan. And whan they were mette they put of hyr helmys
and kyssed togydirs and wepte for joy and pite`. Than Balan     #
seyde,
   'Brothir, I litill wende to have mette with you at thys      #
suddayne
adventure, but I am ryght glad of youre delyveraunce of youre
dolerous presonment: for a man tolde me in the Castell of Four
Stonys that ye were delyverde, and that man had seyne you in
the courte of kynge Arthure. And therefore I com hydir into     #
thys
contrey, for here I supposed to fynde you.'
   And anone Balyne tolde hys brothir of hys adventure of the
swerde and the deth of the Lady of the Laake, and how kynge
Arthure was displeased with hym.
   'Wherefore he sente thys knyght afftir me that lyethe here   #
dede.
And the dethe of thys damesell grevith me sore.'
   'So doth hit me,' seyde Balan. 'But ye must take the         #
adventure that
God woll ordayne you.'
   'Truly,' seyde Balyne, 'I am ryght hevy that my lorde        #
Arthure ys
displeased with me, for he ys the moste worshypfullist kynge    #
that
regnith now in erthe; and hys love I woll gete othir ellis I    #
woll putte
my lyff in adventure. For kynge Ryons lyeth at the sege of the
Castell Terrable, and thydir woll we draw in all goodly haste   #
to
preve oure worship and prouesse uppon hym.'
<P 53>
   'I woll well,' seyde Balan, 'that ye so do; and I woll ryde  #
with
you and put my body in adventure with you, as a brothir ought
to do.'
   'Now go we hense,' seyde Balyne, 'and well we beth mette.'
   The meanewhyle as they talked there com a dwarff frome the   #
cite`
of Camelot on horsebacke as much as he myght, and founde the
dede bodyes; wherefore he made grete dole and pulled hys heyre  #
for
sorowe and seyde,
   'Which of two knyghtes have done this dede?'
   'Whereby askist thou?' seyde Balan.
   'For I wolde wete,' seyde the dwarff.
   'Hit was I,' seyde Balyn, 'that slew this knyght in my       #
defendaunte;
for hyder he com to chase me, and othir I muste sle hym other   #
he
me. And this damesell slew hirself for his love, which          #
repentith
me. And for hir sake I shall owghe all women the bettir wylle   #
and
servyse all the dayes of my lyff.'
   'Alas!' seyde the dwarff, 'thou hast done grete damage unto  #
thyselff.
For thys knyght that ys here dede was one of the moste
valyauntis men that lyved. And truste well, Balyne, the kynne   #
of
thys knyght woll chase you thorow the worlde tylle they have    #
slayne
you.'
   'As for that,' seyde Balyne, 'the I fere nat gretely; but I  #
am ryght
hevy that I sholde displease my lorde, kynge Arthure, for the   #
deth
of thys knyght.'
   So as they talked togydirs there com a kynge of Cornuwayle
rydyng, which hyght kyng Marke. And whan he saw thes two
bodyes dede, and undirstood howe they were dede, [{by{] the two
knyghtes aboven-seyde, [{thenne{] made the kynge grete sorow    #
for
the trew love that was betwyxte them, and seyde, 'I woll nat    #
departe
tyll I have on thys erth made a towmbe.' And there he pyght his
pavylyons and sought all the contrey to fynde a towmbe, and in  #
a
chirch they founde one was fayre and ryche. And than the kyng
lette putte h[{e{]m bothe in the erthe, and leyde the tombe     #
uppon
them, and wrote the namys of hem bothe on the tombe, how 'here
lyeth Launceor, the kyngis son of Irelonde, that at hys owne    #
rekeyste
was slayne by the hondis of Balyne,' and how 'this lady         #
Columbe and
peramour to hym slew hirself with hys swerde for dole and       #
sorow.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 198>
   Now turne we unto sir Launcelot that had ryddyn longe in a   #
grete
foreste. And at the laste he com unto a low countrey full of    #
fayre
ryvers and fayre meedys; and before hym he sawe a longe brydge,
and three pavylyons stood thereon, of sylke and sendell of      #
dyverse
hew. And withoute the pavylyons hynge three whyght shyldys on
trouncheouns of sperys, and grete longe sperys stood upryght    #
by the
pavylyons, and at every pavylyon dore stoode three freysh       #
knyghtes.
<P 199>
   And so sir Launcelot passed by hem and spake no worde. But
whan he was paste the three knyghtes knew hym and seyde hit was
the proude sir Kay: 'He wenyth no knyght so good as he, and the
contrary is oftyn proved. Be my fayth,' seyde one of the        #
knyghtes,
his name was sir Gawtere, 'I woll ryde aftir hym and assay hym  #
for
all his pryde; and ye may beholde how that I spede.'
   So sir Gawtere armed hym and hynge his shylde uppon his      #
sholdir,
and mounted uppon a grete horse, and gate his speare in his     #
honde,
and wallopte aftir sir Launcelot. And whan he come nyghe hym he
cryed, 'Abyde, thou proude knyght, sir Kay! for thou shalt nat  #
passe
all quyte.' So sir Launcelot turned hym, and eythir feautyrd    #
their
sperys and com togedyrs with all their myghtes. And sir Gawters
speare brake, but sir Launcelot smote hym downe horse and
man.
   And whan he was at the erthe his brethyrn seyde, 'Yondir     #
knyght
is nat sir Kay, for he is far bygger than he.'
   'I dare ley my hede,' seyde sir Gylmere, 'yondir knyght      #
hath slayne
sir Kay and hath takyn hys horse and harneyse.'
   'Whether hit be so other no,' seyde sir Raynolde, 'lette us  #
mounte
on oure horsys and rescow oure brothir, sir Gawtere. For payne  #
of
deth, we all shall have worke inow to macche that knyght; for   #
ever
mesemyth by his persone hit is sir Launcelot other sir          #
Trystrams
other sir Pelleas, the good knyght.
   Than anone they toke their horsys and overtoke sir           #
Launcelot.
And sir Gylmere put forth his speare and ran to sir Launcelot,  #
and
sir Launcelot smote hym downe, that he lay in a sowghe.
   'Sir knyght,' seyde sir Raynolde, 'thou arte a stronge man,  #
and as
I suppose thou haste slayne my two bretherne, for the whyche    #
rysyth
my herte sore agaynste the. And yf I myght wyth my worshyppe I
wolde not have ado with the, but nedys I muste take suche       #
parte as
they do. And therefore, knyght, kepe thyselfe!'
   And so they hurtylde togydyrs with all their myghtes and all
to-shevird bothe there spearys, and than they drew hir swerdys  #
and
laysshed togydir egirly. Anone there [{with{] all arose sir     #
Gawtere and
come unto his brother sir Gyllymere, and bade hym aryse, 'and   #
helpe
we oure brothir, sir Raynolde, that yondir merveylously         #
macchyth
yondir good knyght.' Therewithall they hurteled unto sir        #
Launcelot.
<P 200>
And whan he sawe them com he smote a sore stroke unto sir       #
Raynolde,
that he felle of his horse to the grounde, and than he caste to
the othir two bretherne, and at two strokys he strake hem       #
downe to
the erthe.
   Wyth that sir Raynolde gan up sterte with his hede all       #
blody and
com streyte unto sir Launcelot.
   'Now let be,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'I was not far frome the  #
whan
thou were made knyght, sir Raynolde, and also I know thou arte  #
a
good knyght, and lothe I were to sle the.'
   'Gramercy,' seyde sir Raynolde, 'of your goodnesse, and I    #
dare say
as for me and my bretherne, [{we{] woll nat be loth to yelde    #
us unto
you, with that we know youre name; for welle we know ye ar not
sir Kay.'
   'As for that, be as be may. For ye shall yelde you unto dame
Gwenyvere, and loke that ye be there on Whytsonday and yelde
you unto hir as presoners, and sey that sir Kay sente you unto  #
hir.'
Than they swore hit sholde be done, and [{so{] passed forth sir
Launcelot, and ecchone of the bretherne halpe other as well as  #
they
myght.
   So sir Launcelotte rode into a depe foreste, and there by    #
hym in
a slade he sey four knyghtes hovynge undir an oke, and they     #
were
of Arthurs courte: one was sir Sagramour le Desyrus, and sir    #
Ector
de Marys, and sir Gawayne, and sir Uwayne. And anone as these
four knyghtes had aspyed sir Launcelot they wende by his armys
that hit had bene sir Kay.
   'Now, be my fayth,' sayde sir Sagramoure, 'I woll preve sir  #
Kayes
myght,' and gate his spere in his honde and com towarde sir     #
Launcelot.
Than sir Launcelot was ware of his commyng and knew hym
well, and feautred his speare agaynste hym and smote sir        #
Sagramoure
so sore that horse and man wente bothe to the erthe.
   'Lo, my felowys,' seyde sir Ector, 'yondir may ye se what a  #
buffette
he hath gyffen! Methynkyth that knyght is muche bygger than     #
ever
was sir Kay. Now shall ye se what I may do to hym.'
   So sir Ector gate his spere in his honde and walopte         #
towarde sir
Launcelot, and sir Launcelot smote hym evyn thorow the shylde   #
and
his sholdir, that man and horse wente to the erthe, and ever    #
his spere
helde.
<P 201>
   'Be my fayth,' sayde sir Uwayne, 'yondir is a stronge        #
knyght, and
I am sure he hath slayne Kay. And I se be his grete strengthe   #
hit woll
be harde to macche hym.'
   And therewithall sir Uwayne gate his speare and rode         #
towarde sir
Launcelot. And sir Launcelot knew hym well and lette hi[{s{]    #
horse
renne on the playne and gaff hym suche a buffette that he was
astooned, and longe he wyste nat where he was.
   'Now se I welle,' seyde sir Gawayne, 'I muste encountir      #
with that
knyght,' and dressed his shylde and gate a good speare in his   #
honde
and lete renne at sir Launcelot with all his myght; and eyther  #
knyght
smote other in myddys of the shylde. But sir Gawaynes spere     #
braste,
and sir Launcelot charged so sore uppon hym that his horse      #
reversed
up-so-downe, and muche sorow had sir Gawayne to avoyde his
horse. And so sir Launcelot passed on a pace and smyled and     #
seyde,
'God gyff hym joy that this spere made, for there cam never a   #
bettir
in my honde.' Than the four knyghtes wente echone to other and
comforted each other.
   'What sey ye by this geste,' seyde sir Gawayne, 'that with   #
one
spere hath felde us all four?'
   'We commaunde hym to the devyll,' they seyde all, 'for he    #
is a 
man of grete myght.'
   'Ye may say hit well,' seyde sir Gawayne, 'that he [{is{] a  #
man of
myght, for I dare ley my hede hit is sir Launcelot: I know hym  #
well
by his rydyng.'
   'Latte hym go,' seyde sir Uwayne, 'for whan we com to the    #
courte
we shall wete.' Than had they much sorow to gete their horsis
agayne.
   Now leve we there and speke we of sir Launcelot that rode a  #
grete
whyle in a depe foreste. And as he rode he sawe a blak          #
brachette
sekyng in maner as hit had bene in the feaute of an hurte       #
dere. And
therewith he rode aftir the brachette and he sawe lye on the    #
grounde
a large feaute of bloode. And than sir Launcelot rode faster,   #
and
ever the brachette loked behynde hir, and so she wente thorow a
grete marys, and ever sir Launcelot folowed.
   And than was he ware of an olde maner, and thydir ran the
brachette and so over a brydge. So sir Launcelot rode over that
brydge that was olde and feble, and whan he com in the myddys   #
of
<P 202>
a grete halle there he seye lye dede a knyght that was a        #
semely man,
and that brachette lycked his woundis. And therewithall com     #
oute
a lady wepyng and wryngyng hir hondys, and sayde,
   'Knyght, to muche sorow hast thou brought me.'
   'Why sey ye so?' seyde sir Launcelot. 'I dede never this     #
knyght no
harme, for hydir by the feaute of blood this brachet brought    #
me.
And therefore, fayre lady, be nat dyspleased with me, for I am  #
full
sore agreved for your grevaunce.'
   'Truly, sir,' she seyde, 'I trowe hit be nat ye that hath    #
slayne my
husbonde, for he that dud that dede is sore wounded and is      #
never
lykly to be hole, that shall I ensure hym.' 
   'What was youre husbondes name?' seyde sir Launcelot.
   'Sir, his name was called sir Gylberd the Bastarde, one of   #
the beste
knyghtys of the worlde, and he that hath slayne hym I know nat  #
his
name.'
   'Now God sende you bettir comforte,' seyde sir Launcelot.
   And so he departed and wente into the foreste agayne, and    #
there
he mette with a damesell the whyche knew hym well. And she      #
seyde
on lowde,
   'Well be ye founde, my lorde. And now I requyre you of your
knyghthode helpe my brother that is sore wounded and never
styntyth bledyng; for this day he fought with sir Gylberte the
Bastarde and slew hym in playne batayle, and there was my       #
brother
sore wounded. And there is a lady, a sorseres, that dwellyth    #
in a
castel here bysyde, and this day she tolde me my brothers       #
woundys
sholde never be hole tyll I coude fynde a knyght wolde go into  #
the
Chapel Perelus, and there he sholde fynde a swerde and a blody  #
cloth
that the woundid knyght was lapped in; and a pece of that       #
cloth and
that swerde sholde hele my brother, with that his woundis were
serched with the swerde and the cloth.'
   'This is a mervelouse thyng,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'but      #
what is your
brothirs name?'
   'Sir,' she seyde, 'sir Melyot de Logyrs.'
   'That me repentys,' seyde sir Launcelotte, 'for he is a      #
felow of the
Table Rounde, and to his helpe I woll do my power.'
   Than she sayde, 'Sir, folow ye evyn this hygheway, and hit   #
woll
brynge you to the Chapel Perelus, and here I shall abyde tyll   #
God
<P 203>
sende you agayne. And yf you spede nat I know no knyght lyvynge
that may encheve that adventure.'
   Ryght so sir Launcelot departed, and whan he com to the      #
Chapell
Perelus he alyght downe and tyed his horse unto a lytyll gate.  #
And
as sone as he was within the chyrche-yerde he sawe on the       #
frunte of
the chapel many fayre ryche shyldis turned up-so-downe, and     #
many
of tho shyldis sir Launcelot had sene knyghtes bere             #
byforehande.
With that he sawe by hym there stonde a thirty grete knyghtes,
more by a yerde than any man that ever he had sene, and all     #
they
grenned and gnasted at sir Launcelot. And whan he sawe their    #
countenaunce
he dredde hym sore, and so put his shylde before hym and
toke his swerde in his honde redy unto batayle.
   And they all were armed all in blak harneyse, redy with her
shyldis and her swerdis redy drawyn. And as sir Launcelot wolde
have gone thorow them they skaterd on every syde of hym and     #
gaff
hym the way, and therewith he wexed bolde and entyrde into the
chapel. And there he sawe no lyght but a dymme lampe brennyng,
and than was he ware of a corpus hylled with a clothe of        #
sylke. Than
sir Launcelot stouped doune and kutte a pese away of that       #
cloth, and
than hit fared undir hym as the grounde had quaked a lytyll;    #
therewithall
he feared.
   And than he sawe a fayre swerde lye by the dede knyght, and  #
that
he gate in his honde and hyed hym oute of the chapell. Anone as
ever he was in the chapell-yerde all the knyghtes spake to hym  #
with
grymly voyces and seyde,
   'Knyght, sir Launcelot, lay that swerde frome the or thou    #
shalt
dye!'
   'Whether that I lyve other dye,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'with  #
no
wordys grete gete ye hit agayne. Therefore fyght for hit and    #
ye lyst.'
   Than ryght so he passed thorowoute them. And byyonde the
chappell-yarde there mette hym a fayre damesell and seyde,
   'Sir Launcelot, leve that swerde behynde the, other thou     #
wolt dye
for hit.'
   'I leve hit not,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'for no thretyng.'
   'No,' seyde she, 'and thou dyddyste leve that swerde quene
Gwenyvere sholde thou never se.'
   'Than were I a foole and I wolde leve this swerde.'
<P 204>
   'Now, jantyll knyghte,' seyde the damesell, 'I requyre the   #
to kysse
me but onys.'
   'Nay,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'that God me forbede.'
   'Well, sir,' seyde she, 'and thou haddyst kyssed me thy      #
lyff dayes
had be done. And now, alas,' she seyde, 'I have loste all my    #
laboure,
for I ordeyned this chapell for thy sake and for sir Gawayne.   #
And
onys I had hym within me, and at that tyme he fought with this
knyght that lyeth dede in yondir chapell, sir Gylberte the      #
Bastarde,
and at that tyme he smote the lyffte honde of sir Gylberte.
   'And, sir Launcelot, now I telle the: I have loved the this  #
seven
yere, [{but{] there may no woman have thy love but quene        #
Gwenyver;
and sytthen I myght nat rejoyse the nother thy body on lyve,
I had kepte no more joy in this worlde but to have thy body     #
dede.
Than wolde I have bawmed hit and sered hit, and so to have      #
kepte
hit my lyve dayes; and dayly I sholde have clypped the and      #
kyssed
the, dispyte of quene Gwenyvere.'
   'Ye sey well,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'Jesu preserve me frome  #
your
subtyle crauftys!'
   And therewithall he toke his horse and so departed frome     #
hir.
And as the booke seyth, whan sir Launcelot was departed she     #
toke
suche sorow that she deyde within a fourtenyte; and hir name    #
was
called Hallewes the Sorseres, lady of the castell Nygurmous.
   And anone sir Launcelot mette with the damesel, sir          #
Melyottis
systir, and whan she sawe hym she clapped hir hondys and wepte  #
for
joy. And than they rode into a castell thereby where lay sir    #
Melyot,
and anone as sir Launcelot sye hym he knew hym, but he was      #
passyng
paale as the erthe for bledynge.
   Whan sir Melyot saw sir Launcelot he kneled uppon his kneis
and cryed on hyghte: 'A, lorde, sir Launcelot, helpe me anone!'
Than sir Launcelot lepe unto hym and towched his woundys with   #
sir
Gylbardys swerde, and than he wyped his woundys with a parte of
the bloody cloth that sir Gylbarde was wrapped in; and anone an
holer man in his lyff was he never.
   And than there was grete joy betwene hem, and they made sir
Launcelot all the chere that they myghte. And so on the morne   #
sir
Launcelot toke his leve and bade sir Melyot hyghe hym 'to the   #
courte
of my lorde Arthure, for hit drawyth nyghe to the feste of      #
Pentecoste.
<P 205>
And there, by the grace of God, ye shall fynde me.' And         #
therewith
they departed.
   And so sir Launcelot rode thorow many stronge contrayes,     #
over
mores and valeis, tyll by fortune he com to a fayre castell.    #
And as he
paste beyonde the castell hym thought he herde bellys rynge,    #
and
than he was ware of a faucon com over his hede fleyng towarde   #
an
hyghe elme, and longe lunes aboute her feete. And she flowe     #
unto
the elme to take hir perche, the lunes overcast aboute a        #
bowghe; and
whan she wolde have tane hir flyght she hynge by the leggis     #
faste.
And sir Launcelot syghe how [{s{]he hynge, and behelde the      #
fayre
faucon perygot; and he was sory for hir. The meanewhyle cam a
lady oute of a castell and cryed on hyghe:
   'A, Launcelot, Launcelot! as thow arte a floure of all       #
knyghtes,
helpe me to gete me my hauke; for and my hauke be loste my      #
lorde
wolde destroy me, for I kepte the hauke and she slypped fro     #
me. And
yf my lorde my husbande wete hit, he is so hasty that he wyll   #
sle me.'
   'What is your lordis name?' seyde sir Launcelot.
   'Sir,' she seyde, 'his name is sir Phelot, a knyght that     #
longyth unto
the kynge of North Galys.'
   'Well, fayre lady, syn that ye know my name and requyre me   #
of
knyghthode to helpe, I woll do what I may to gete youre hauke;  #
and
yet God knowyth I am an evyll clymber, and the tre is passynge
hyghe, and fewe bowys to helpe me withall.'
   And therewith sir Launcelot alyght and tyed his horse to     #
the same
tre, and prayde the lady to onarme hym. And so whan he was      #
unarmed,
he put of all his clothis unto his shurte and his breche, and
with myght and grete force he clambe up to the faucon and tyed  #
the
lunes to a grete rotyn boysh, and threwe the hauke downe with   #
the
buysh.
   And anone the lady gate the hauke in hir honde; and          #
therewithall
com oute sir Phelot oute of the grevys suddeynly, that was hir
husbonde, all armed and with his naked swerde in his honde, and
sayde,
   'A knyght, sir Launcelot, now I have founde the as I         #
wolde,' he
stondyng at the boole of the tre to sle hym.
   'A, lady!' seyde sir Launcelot, 'why have ye betrayed me?'
   'She hath done,' seyde sir Phelot, 'but as I commaunded      #
hir, and
<P 206>
therefore there is none othir boote but thyne oure is com that  #
thou
muste dye.'
   'That were shame unto the,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'thou an    #
armed 
knyght to sle a nakyd man by treson.'
   'Thou gettyste none other grace,' seyde sir Phelot, 'and     #
therefore
helpe thyself and thou can.'
   'Truly,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'that shall be thy shame; but  #
syn thou
wolt do none other, take myne harneys with the and hange my
swerde there uppon a bowghe that I may gete hit, and than do    #
thy
beste [{to{] sle me and thou can.'
   'Nay,' seyde sir Phelot, 'for I know the bettir than thou    #
wenyste.
Therefore thou gettyst no wepyn and I may kepe the therefro.'
   'Alas,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'that ever a knyght sholde dey
wepynles!'
   And therewith he wayted above hym and undir hym, and over
hym above his hede he sawe a rowgh spyke, a bygge bowghe        #
leveles.
And therewith he brake hit of by the body, and than he com      #
lowar,
and awayted how his owne horse stoode, and suddenyly he lepe on
the farther syde of his horse froward the knyght. And than sir  #
Phelot
laysshed at hym egerly to have slayne hym, but sir Launcelot    #
put
away the stroke with the rowgh spyke, and therewith toke hym on
the hede, that downe he felle in a sowghe to the grounde. So    #
than
sir Launcelot toke his swerde oute of his honde and strake his  #
necke
in two pecys.
   'Alas!' than cryed that lady, 'why haste thou slayne my
husbonde?'
   'I am nat causer,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'but with falshede   #
ye wolde
have had me slayne with treson, and now hit is fallyn on you
bothe.'
   And than she sowned as though she wolde dey. And therewith   #
sir
Launcelot gate all his armoure as well as he myght and put hit
uppon hym for drede of more resseite, for he dredde hym that    #
the
knyghtes castell was so nyghe hym; and as sone as he myght he   #
toke
his horse and departed, and thanked God that he had escaped     #
that
harde adventure.
   So sir Launcelot rode many wylde wayes thorowoute morys and
mares, and as he rode in a valay, he sey a knyght chasyng a     #
lady with
<P 207>
a naked swerde to have slayne hir. And by fortune, as this      #
knyght
sholde have slayne thys lady, she cryed on sir Launcelot and    #
prayde
hym to rescowe her.
   Whan sir Launcelot sye that myschyff, he toke his horse and  #
rode
betwene hem, sayynge,
   'Knyght, fye for shame, why wolte thou sle this lady? Shame  #
unto
the and all knyghtes!'
   'What haste thou to do betwyxte me and my wyff? I woll sle   #
her
magre` thyne hede.'
   'That shall ye nat,'sayde sir Launcelot, 'for rather we      #
woll have
ado togydyrs.'
   'Sir Launcelot,' seyde the knyght, 'thou doste nat thy       #
parte, for
thys lady hath betrayed me.'
   'Hit is not so,' seyde the lady, 'truly, he seyth wronge on  #
me. And
for bycause I love [{and{] cherysshe my cousyn jarmayne, he is
jolowse betwyxte me and hym; and as I mutte answere to God      #
there
was never sene betwyxte us none suche thynges. But, sir,'       #
seyde the
lady, 'as thou arte called the worshypfullyest knyght of the    #
worlde,
I requyre the of trewe knyghthode, kepe me and save me, for     #
whatsomever
he sey he woll sle me, for he is withoute mercy.'
   'Have ye no doute: hit shalle nat lye in his power.'
   'Sir,' seyde the knyght, 'in your syght I woll be ruled as   #
ye woll
have me.'
   And so sir Launcelot rode on the one syde and she on the     #
other
syde. And he had nat redyn but a whyle but the knyght bade sir
Launcelot turne hym and loke behynde hym, and seyde, 'Sir,      #
yondir
com men of armys aftir [{us{] rydynge.'
   And so sir Launcelot turned hym and thought no treson; and
therewith was the knyght and the lady on one syde, and          #
suddeynly
he swapped of the ladyes hede.
   And whan sir Launcelot had aspyed hym what he had done, he
seyde and so called hym: 'Traytoure, thou haste shamed me for
evir!' And suddeynly sir Launcelot alyght of his horse and      #
pulde
oute his swerde to sle hym. And therewithall he felle to the    #
erthe
and gryped sir Launcelot by the thyghes and cryed mercy.
   'Fye on the,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'thou shamefull knyght!   #
Thou
mayste have no mercy: therefore aryse and fyghte with me!'
<P 208>
   'Nay,' sayde the knyght, 'I woll never aryse tyll ye         #
graunte me
mercy.'
   'Now woll I proffyr the fayre: I woll unarme me unto my      #
shyrte,
[{and I woll have nothynge upon me but my shyrte{] and my       #
swerde
in my honde, and yf thou can sle me, quyte be thou for ever.'
   'Nay, sir, that woll I never.'
   'Well,' seyde sir Launcelot, 'take this lady and the hede,   #
and bere
[{it{] uppon the; and here shalt thou swere uppon my swerde to  #
bere
hit allwayes uppon thy bak and never to reste tyll thou com to  #
my
lady, quene Gwenyver.'
   'Sir, that woll I do, by the feyth of my bo[{d{]y.'
   'Now what is youre name?'
   'Sir, my name is sir Pedy[{v{]ere.'
   'In a shamefull oure were thou borne,' seyde sir Launcelot.
   So sir Pedyvere departed with the lady dede and the hede     #
togydir,
and founde the quene with kynge Arthure at Wynchestir; and      #
there
he tolde all the trouthe.
   'Sir knyght,' seyde the quene, 'this is an horryble dede     #
and a
shamefull, and a grete rebuke unto sir Launcelot, but           #
natwythstondyng
his worshyp is knowyn in many dyverse contreis. But this
shall I gyff you in penaunce: make ye as good skyffte as ye     #
can, ye
shall bere this lady with you on horsebak unto the Pope of      #
Rome,
and of hym resseyve youre penaunce for your foule dedis. And ye
shall nevir reste one nyght thereas ye do another, and ye go    #
to ony
bedde the dede body shall lye with you.'
   This oth he there made and so departed. And as hit tellyth   #
in
the Frenshe booke, whan he com unto Rome the Pope there bade
hym go agayne unto quene Gwenyver, and in Rome was his lady
buryed by the Popys commaundement. And after thys knyght
sir Pedyvere fell to grete goodnesse and was an holy man and an
hermyte.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 657>
[}III. SIR PERCEVAL}]

   Now seyth the tale that whan sir Launcelot was ryddyn aftir  #
sir
Galahad, the whych had all thes adventures aboven seyd, sir     #
Percivale
turned agayne unto the recluse where he demed to have tydynges
of that knyght that sir Launcelot folowed.
   And so he kneled at hir wyndow, and the recluse opened hit   #
and
asked sir Percivale what he wolde.
   'Madam,' he seyde, 'I am a knyght of kyng Arthurs courte     #
and my
name ys sir Percivale de Galis.'
   Whan the recluse herde his name she had grete joy of hym,    #
for
mykyll she loved hym toforn passyng ony other knyght; she ought
so to do, for she was hys awnte. And than she commaunded the    #
gatis
<P 658>
to be opyn, and there he had grete chere, as grete as she       #
myght make
hym or ly in hir power.
   So on the morne sir Percyvale wente to the recluse and       #
asked her
if she knew that knyght with the whyght shylde.
   'Sir,' seyde she, 'why woll ye wete?'
   'Truly, madam,' seyde sir Percyvale, 'I shall never be well  #
at ease
tyll that I know of that knyghtes felyship and that I may       #
fyght with
hym, for I may nat leve hym so lyghtly, for I have the shame    #
as yette.'
   'A, sir Percyvale!' seyde she, 'wolde ye fyght with hym? I   #
se well
ye have grete wyll to be slayne, as youre fadir was thorow      #
outerageousnes
slayne.'
   'Madam, hit semyth by your wordis that ye know me.'
   'Yee,' seyde she, 'I well oughte to know you, for I am your  #
awnte,
allthoughe I be in a poore place. For som men called me somtyme
the Quene of the Wast Landis, and I was called the quene of     #
moste
rychesse in the worlde. And hit pleased me never so much my
rychesse as doth my poverte`.'
   Than Percyvale wepte for verry pite` whan he knew hit was    #
hys
awnte.
   'A, fayre nevew,' seyde she, 'whan herde you tydynges of     #
youre
modir?'
   'Truly,' seyde he, 'I herde none of hir, but I dreme of hir  #
muche
in my slepe, and therefore I wote nat whethir she be dede other
alyve.'
   'Sertes, fayre nevew, youre modir ys dede, for aftir youre   #
departynge
frome her she toke such a sorow that anone as she was confessed
she dyed.'
   'Now god have mercy on hir soule!' seyde sir Percyvale. 'Hit
sore forthynkith me; but all we muste change the lyff. Now,     #
fayre
awnte, what ys that knyght? I deme hit be he that bare the rede
armys on Whytsonday.'
   'Wyte you well,' seyde she, 'that this ys he, for othirwyse  #
ougth he
nat to do but to go in rede armys. And that same knyght hath no
peere, for he worchith all by myracle, and he shall never be    #
overcom
of none erthly mannys hande.
   'Also Merlyon made the Rounde Table in tokenyng of rowndnes
of the worlde, for men sholde by the Rounde Table undirstonde   #
the
<P 659>
rowndenes signyfyed by ryght. For all the worlde, crystenyd and
hethyn, repayryth unto the Rounde Table, and whan they ar       #
chosyn
to be of the felyshyp of the Rounde Table they thynke hemselff
more blessed and more in worship than they had gotyn halff the
worlde.
   'And ye have sene that they have loste hir fadirs and hir    #
modirs
and all hir kynne, and hir wyves and chyldren, for to be of     #
youre
felyship. Hit ys well seyne be you, for synes ye departed from  #
your
modir ye wolde never se her, ye founde such felyship at the     #
Table
Rounde.
   'Whan Merlyon had ordayned the Rounde Table he seyde, "By
them whych sholde be felowys of the Rounde Table the trouth of  #
the
Sankgreall sholde be well knowyn." And men asked hym how they
myght know them that sholde best do and to encheve the          #
Sankgreall.
Than he seyde, "There sholde be three whyght bullis sholde
encheve hit, and the two sholde be maydyns and the thirde       #
sholde
be chaste. And one of thos three shold passe hys fadir as much  #
as
the lyon passith the lybarde, both of strength and of           #
hardines."
   'They that herde Merlion sey so seyde thus: "Sitthyn there   #
shall
be such a knyght, thou sholdyst ordayne by thy craufftes a      #
syge, that
no man sholde sytte in hit but he all only that shold passe     #
all other
knyghtes." Than Merlyon answerde that he wold so do, and than   #
he
made the Syge Perelous [{in the{] whych Galahad sate at hys     #
mete on
Whyttsonday last past.'
   'Now, Madam,' seyde sir Percyvale, 'so much have I herde of  #
you
that be my good wyll I woll never have ado with sir Galahad     #
but by
wey of goodnesse. And for Goddis love, fayre awnte, can ye      #
teche
me whe[{re{] I myght fynde hym? For much I wolde love the       #
felyship
of hym.'
   'Fayre nevew,' seyde she, 'ye muste ryde unto a castell,     #
the whych
ys called Gooth, where he hath a cousyn jermayne, and there may
ye be lodged thys nyght. And as he techith you, sewith afftir   #
as faste
as ye can; and if he can telle you no tydynges of hym, ryde     #
streyte
unto the castell of Carbonek where the Maymed Kyng ys lyyng,    #
for
there shall ye hyre trew tydynges of hym.'
   Than departed sir Percivale frome hys awnte, aythir makyng
grete sorow. And so he rode tyll aftir evynsonge, and than he   #
herde
<P 660>
a clock smyte. And anone he was ware of an house closed well    #
with
wallys and depe dyches, and there he knocke at the gate. And    #
anone
he was lette in, and [{he alyght and{] was ledde unto a chamber
and sone onarmed. And there he had ryght good chere all that
nyght.
   And on the morne he herde hys masse, and in the monestery he
founde a preste redy at the awter, and on the ryght syde he     #
saw a
pew closed with iron, and behynde the awter he saw a ryche      #
bedde
and a fayre, as of cloth of sylke and golde. Than sir           #
Percivale aspyed
that therein was a man or a woman, for the visayge was coverde.
Than he leffte of hys lokynge and herd hys servyse.
   And whan hit cam unto the sakarynge, he that lay within the
perclose dressyd hym up and uncoverde hys hede, and than hym
besemed a passyng olde man, and he had a crowne of golde uppon
hys hede, and hys shuldirs were naked and unhylled unto hys     #
navyll.
And than sir Percyvale aspyed hys body was full of grete        #
woundys,
both on the shuldirs, armys, and vysayge. And ever he hylde up  #
hys
hondys agaynst oure Lordis Body and cryed,
   'Fayre swete Lorde Jesu Cryste, forgete nat me!'
   And so he lay nat downe, but was allway in hys prayers and
orysons, and hym semed to be of the ayge of three hondred       #
wynter.
And whan the masse was done the pryste toke oure Lordys Body
and bare hit unto the syke kynge. And whan he had used hit he
ded of hys crowne and commaunded the crowne to be sett on the
awter.
   Than sir Percyvale asked one of the brethirn what he was.
   'Sir,' seyde the good man, 'ye have herde much of Joseph of
Aramathy; how he was sent [{by Jesu Cryst{] into thys londe     #
for to
teche and preche the holy Crysten faythe, and therefor he       #
suffird
many persecucions the whych the enemyes of Cryst ded unto hym.
And in the cite` of Sarras he converted a kynge whos name was   #
Evelake,
and so the kyng cam with Joseph into thys londe, and ever he
was bysy to be thereas the Sankgreall was. And on a tyme he     #
nyghed
hit so nyghe that oure Lorde was displeased with hym, but ever  #
he
folowed hit more and more tyll God stroke hym allmoste blynde.
Than thys k[{ynge{] cryed mercy and seyde,
   '"Fayre Lorde, lat me never dye tyll the good knyght of my   #
blood
<P 661>
of the ninth degre` [{be com{] , that I may se hym opynly that  #
shall
encheve the Sankgreall, and that I myght kysse hym."
   'Whan the kynge thus had made hys prayers he herde a voyce
that seyde, "Herde ys thy prayers, for thou shalt nat dye       #
tylle he hath
kyssed the. And whan that knyght shall com the clerenes of      #
youre
yen shall com agayne, and thou shalt se opynly, and thy         #
wound[{es{]
shall be heled, and arst shall they never close."
   'And thus befelle of kynge Evelake, and thys same kynge hath
lyved four hondred yerys thys holy lyff, and men sey the        #
knyght ys
in thys courte that shall heale hym. Sir,' seyde the good man,  #
'I pray
you telle me what knyght that ye be, and if that ye be of the   #
Rownde
Table.'
   'Yes, forsoth, and my name ys sir Percyvale de Galis.'
   And whan the good man undirstood hys name he made grete joy
of hym. And than sir Percyvale departed and rode tylle the      #
owre of
none. And he mette in a valey aboute twenty men of armys whych
bare in a beere a knyght dedly slayne. And whan they saw sir    #
Percyvale
they [{asked{] hym of whens he was, and he seyde,
   'Of the courte of kynge Arthur.'
   Than they cryed at onys, 'Sle hym!'
   Than sir Percivale smote the firste to the erth and hys      #
horse
uppon hym, and than seven of the knyghtes smote uppon hys
shylde at onys and the remenaunte slew hys horse, that he       #
felle to
the erth, and had slayne hym or takyn hym, had nat the good     #
knyght
s[{ir{] Galahad with the rede armys com there by adventure      #
into tho
partys. And whan he saw all tho knyghtes uppon one knyght he
seyde,
   'Save me that knyghtes lyve!'
   And than he dressed hym towarde the twenty men of armys as
faste as hys horse myght dryve, with hys speare in hys reaste,  #
and
smote the formyste horse and man to the erth. And whan his      #
speare
was brokyn he sette hys honde to hys swerde and smote on the    #
ryght
honde and on the lyffte honde, that hit was mervayle to se;     #
and at
every stroke he smote downe one or put hym to a rebuke, so that
they wolde fyght no more, but fledde to a thyk foreyst, and sir
Galahad folowed them.
   And whan sir Percyvale saw hym chace them so, he made grete
<P 662>
sorow that hys horse was away. And than he wyst well hit was    #
sir
Galahad, and cryed alowde and seyde,
   'Fayre knyght, abyde and suffir me to do you thankynges, for
much have ye done for me.'
   But ever sir Galahad rode fast, that at the last he past     #
oute of hys
syght. And as fast as sir Percyvale myght he wente aftir hym on
foote, cryyng. And than he mette with a yoman rydyng uppon an
hakeney which lad in hys ryght honde a grete steede blacker     #
than
ony bere`.
   'A, fayre frende,' seyde sir Percivale, 'as ever y may do    #
for you,
and to be youre knyght in the first place ye woll requyre me,   #
that
ye woll lende me that blacke steed, that I myght overtake a     #
knyght
which [{rydeth{] before me.'
   'Sir,' seyde the yoman, 'that may I nat do, for the horse    #
is such a
mannys horse that [{and I lente hit you or ony man that{] he    #
wolde
sle me.'
   'Alas,' seyde sir Percivale, 'I had never so grete sorow as  #
I have for
losyng of yondir knyght.'
   'Sir,' seyde the yoman, 'I am ryght hevy for you, for a      #
good horse
wolde beseme you well, but I dare nat delyver you thys horse    #
but if
ye wolde take hym frome me.'
   'That woll I nat,' seyde sir Percivale.
   And so they departed, and sir Percivale sette hym downe      #
under
a tre and made sorow oute of mesure. And as he sate there cam a
knyght rydynge on the horse that the yoman lad, and he was      #
clene
armyd. And anone the yoman com rydynge and pryckyng aftir as
fast as he myght and asked sir Percivale if he saw ony knyght   #
rydyng
on hys blacke steede.
   'Ye, sir, forsothe. Why aske ye me, sir?'
   'A, sir! that steede he hath benomme me with strengthe,      #
wherefore
my lorde woll sle me in what place somever he fyndith
me.'
   'Well,' seyde sir Percyvale, 'what woldist thou that I ded?  #
Thou
seest well that I am on foote. But and I had a good horse I     #
sholde
soone brynge hym agayne.'
   'Sir,' seyde the yoman, 'take my hakeney and do the beste    #
ye can,
and I shall sew you on foote to wete how that ye shall spede.'
<P 663>
   Than sir Percivale bestrode the hakeney and rode as faste    #
as he
myght, and at the last he saw that knyght. And than he cryde,
   'Knyght, turne agayne!'
   And he turned and set hys speare ayenst sir Percivale, and   #
he
smote the hackeney in myddis the breste, that he felle downe    #
[{dede{]
to the erthe. And there he had a grete falle and the other      #
rode hys
way. And than sir Percivale was wood wrothe and cryed,
   'Abyde, wycked knyght! Cowarde and false-harted knyght,
turne ayen, and fyght with me on foote!'
   But he answerd nat, but past on hys way. Whan sir Percivale  #
saw
he wolde nat turne he kest away shylde, helme and swerde, and
seyde,
   'Now I am a verry wreche, cursed and moste unhappy of all    #
other
knyghtes!'
   So in thys sorow there he abode all that day tyll hit was    #
nyght,
and than he was faynte and leyde hym downe and slepte tyll hit  #
was
mydnyght. And than he awaked and saw before hym a woman
whych seyde unto hym ryght fyersely,
   'Sir Percivale, what dost thou here?'
   'I do nother good nother grete ille.'
   'If thou wolt ensure me,' seyde she, 'that thou wolt         #
fulfylle my
wylle whan I somon the, I shall lende the myne owne horse whych
shall bere the whother thou wolt.'
   Sir Percivale was glad of hir profer and ensured hir to      #
fulfylle all
hir desire.
   'Than abydith me here, and I shall go fecche you an horse.'
   And so she cam sone agayne and brought an horse with her     #
that
was [{i{]n[{k{]ly black. Whan sir Percyvale behylde that horse  #
he
mervaylde that he was so grete and so well apparayled. And      #
natforthan
he was so hardy he lepte uppon hym and toke none hede off
hymselff. And anone as he was uppon hym he threst to hym with
hys spurres, and so rode by a foreste; and the moone shoone     #
clere,
and within an owre and lasse he bare hym four dayes journey     #
thense
untyll he com to a rowghe watir whych rored, and that horse     #
wolde
have borne hym into hit.
   And whan sir Percivale cam nye the brymme he saw the watir   #
so
boysteous he doutted to passe over hit, and than he made a      #
sygne of
<P 664>
the crosse in hys forehed. Whan the fende felte hym so charged  #
he
shooke of sir Percivale, and he wente into the watir cryynge    #
[{and
rorynge{] and makying grete sorowe, and hit semed unto hym that
the watir brente. Than sir Percivale perceyved hit was a        #
fynde, the
whych wolde have broughte hym unto perdicion. Than he commended
hymselff unto God, and prayde oure Lorde to kepe hym
frome all suche temptacions.
   And so he prayde all that nyght tylle on the morne that hit  #
was
day, and anone he saw he was in a wylde mounteyne whych was
closed with the se nyghe all aboute, that he myght se no londe  #
aboute
hym whych myghte releve hym, but wylde bestes. And than he
wente downe into a valey, and there he saw a serpente brynge a
yonge lyon by the necke, and so he cam by sir Percivale.
   So with that com a grete lyon cryynge and ro[{r{]yng aftir   #
the serpente.
And as faste as sir Percivale saw thys he hyghed hym thydir,
but the lyon had overtake the serpente and began batayle with   #
hym.
And than sir Percivale thought to helpe the lyon, for he was    #
the
more naturall beste of the two, and therewith he drew hys       #
swerde
and sette hys shylde afore hym, and there he gaff the serpente  #
suche
a buffett that he had a dedely wounde. Whan the lyon saw that,  #
he
made no sembelaunte to fyght with hym but made hym all the      #
chere
that a beest myghte make a man.
   Whan sir Percivale perceyved hit he kyst downe his shylde    #
whych
was brokyn, and than he dud of hys helme for to gadir wynde,    #
for
he was gretly chaffed with the serpente; and the lyon wente     #
allwey
aboute hym fawnynge as a spaynell, and than he stroked hym on
the necke and on the sholdirs and thanked God of the feliship   #
of
that beste.
   And aboute noone the lyon toke hys lityll whelpe and trussed
hym and bare hym there he com fro. Than was sir Percivale       #
alone.
And as the tale tellith, he was at that tyme, one of the men    #
of the
worlde whych moste beleved in oure Lorde Jesu Cryste, for in    #
tho
dayes there was but fewe folk at that tyme that beleved         #
perfitely; for
in tho dayes the sonne spared nat the fadir no more than a      #
straunger.
   And so sir Percivale comforted hymselff in oure Lorde Jesu   #
and
besought Hym that no temptacion sholde brynge hym oute of
Goddys servys, but to endure as His trew champyon. Thus whan    #
sir
<P 665>
Percyvale had preyde he saw the lyon com towarde hym and
cowched downe at his feet. And so all that nyght the lyon and   #
he
slepte togydirs.
   And whan sir Percivale slepte he dremed a mervaylous dreme;
that two ladyes mette with hym, and that one sate uppon a lyon,
and that other sate uppon a serpente; and that one of hem was
yonge, and that other was olde, and the yongist, hym thought,   #
seyde,
   'Sir Percyvale, my lorde salewith and sende[{th{] the worde  #
thou
aray the and make the redy, for to-morne thou muste fyght with
the stronge[{st{] champion of the worlde. And if thou be        #
overcom
thou shalt nat be quytte for losyng of ony of thy membrys, but
thou shalt be shamed for ever to the worldis ende.'
   And than he asked her what was hir lorde, and she seyde 'the
grettist lorde of the worlde'. And so she departed suddeynly,   #
that
he wyst nat where.
   Than com forth the tothir lady, that rode uppon the          #
serpente,
and she seyde,
   'Sir Percivale, I playne unto you of that ye have done unto  #
me,
and I have nat offended unto you.'
   'Sertes, madam,' seyde he, 'unto you nor no lady I never     #
offended.'
   'Yes,' seyde she, 'I shall sey you why. I have norysshed in  #
thys
place a grete whyle a serpente whych pleased me much [{and      #
served
me a grete whyle{] . And yestirday ye slew hym as he gate hys   #
pray.
Sey me for what cause ye slew hym, for the lyon was nat         #
youres.'
   'Madam, I know well the lyon was nat myne, but for the lyon  #
ys
more of jantiller nature than the serpente, therefore I slew    #
hym, and
mesemyth I dud nat amysse agaynst you. Madam,' seyde he, 'what
wolde ye that I dud?'
   'I wolde,' seyde she, 'for the amendis of my beste that ye   #
becam
my man.'
   And than he answerde and seyde,
   'That woll I nat graunte you.'
   'No?' seyde she. 'Truly, ye were never but my servaunte syn  #
ye
resseyved the omayge of oure Lorde Jesu Cryste. Therefore I you
ensure, in what place that I may fynde you withoute kepyng, I   #
shall
take you as he that somtyme was my man.'
   And so she departed fro sir Percivale and leffte hym         #
slepynge,
<P 666>
whych was sore travayled of hys avision. And on the morne he    #
arose
and blyssed hym, and he was passynge fyeble.
   Than was sir Percivale ware in the see where com a shippe    #
saylyng
toward hym, and sir Percivale wente unto the ship and founde    #
hit
coverde within and without with whyght samyte. And at the helme
stoode an olde man clothed in a surplyse, in lyknes of a        #
pryste.
   'Sir,' seyde sir Percivale, 'ye be wellcom.'
   'God kepe you,' seyde the good man. 'And of whense be ye?'
   'Sir, I am of kynge Arthurs courte and a knyght of the       #
Rounde
Table, whych am in the queste of the Sankgreall, and here I am  #
in
grete duras and never lyke to ascape oute of thys wyldernes.'
   'Doute ye nat,' seyde the good man, 'and ye be so trew a     #
knyght as
the Order of Shevalry requyrith, and of herte as ye ought to    #
be, ye
shold nat doute that none enemy shold slay you.'
   'What ar ye?' seyde sir Percyvale.
   'Sir, I am of a strange contrey, and hydir I com to          #
comforte you.'
   'Sir,' seyde sir Percivale, 'what signifieth my dreme that   #
I dremed
thys nyght?' And there he tolde hym alltogydir.
   'She which rode uppon the lyon, hit betokenyth the new law   #
of
Holy Chirche, that is to undirstonde fayth, good hope, belyeve  #
and
baptyme; for she semed yonger [{than{] that othir hit ys grete  #
reson,
for she was borne in the Resurreccion and the Passion of oure   #
Lorde
Jesu Cryste. And for grete love she cam to the to warne the of  #
thy
grete batayle that shall befalle the.'
   'With whom,' seyde sir Percivale, 'shall I fyght?'
   'With the moste douteful champion of the worlde, for, as     #
the lady
seyde, but if thou quyte the welle thou shalt nat be quytte by  #
losyng
of one membir, but thou shalt be shamed to the worldis ende.    #
And
she that rode on the serpente signifieth the olde law, and      #
that serpente
betokenyth a fynde. And why she blamed the that thou
slewyst hir servaunte, hit betokenyth nothynge [{aboute{] the   #
serpente
ye slewe; that betokenyth the devyll that thou rodist on to
the roche. And whan thou madist a sygne of the crosse, there    #
thou
slewyst hym and put away hys power. And whan she asked the
amendis and to becom hir man, than thou saydist nay, that was   #
to
make the beleve on her and leve thy baptym.'
   So he commaunded sir Percivale to departe, and so he lepte   #
over
<P 667>
the boorde, and the shippe and all wente away he wyste nat      #
whydir.
Than he wente up into the roche and founde the lyon whych       #
allway
bare hym felyship, and he stroked hym uppon the backe and
had grete joy of hym.



<B CMSIEGE>
<Q M4 NI ROM SJERUS>
<N SIEGE JERUS>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D WMO>
<V PROSE>
<T ROMANCE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE SIEGE OF JERUSALEM IN PROSE.
MEMOIRES DE LA SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE
DE HELSINKI, XXXIV.
ED. A. KURVINEN. 
HELSINKI: SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE, 1969. 
PP. 70.1 - 93.709^]

<P 70>
   Al men +tat wyll her of +te sege of Jerusalem, her +ge may   #
her
of gret meraculs +tat almytty God wro+gt to schow his goodnys
and of gret vengans +tat he toke for syn.
   Furst +ge schall wndurstond +ter felle iij +tinggys to +te   #
juis,
+tat is to say pylgremag. Hit began in Jacobe, +tat went vnto
Eygypt wytt his lenage; and +ter +tay wer in gret saruavg,
speycyally aftur +te dethe of Jacobe, tyll God send Meyses to
delyuyr +tem. And he lad them +toovrow +te Rede Seye: by
+te gret my+gt of God +te wattur stode styll vpe in bothe sydys
and let +tem pas into +te dessert of Cannon. And as kynge
Pharrov com them to have slayn, when he was in +te see wytt
all his ost, +te wattur ouerhyllyd +tem and drownnyd them
al, for +tey wer rebel a+gennyst +te commandment of God.
But +te juis, +tat wer callyd +te peppull of Hisyrayll, wer     #
fede
wytt manna, +tat cam from heyvyn, mad wytt angellys, and
her clovthis wer wyttout weme fortty +gere. And for all +tis
gret meracullys they dyde mammatre and offendyt allmy+gtty
God.
   +Ten fell +tey into gret saruage and traldome in Babelon,
and +tat contenovyd fyfty +ger +ger God graciously +tem         #
delyvyrte;
and soo is +geyt +te terme of fyfty +gere wytt vs +te +ger
of gracse.
   But +ter was in +tem gret dyssper, and +terfor God warnyd
+teme of gret wengans commyng to +tem, as +te good clarke
<P 71>
Josepphus reyhersyt in +tis wys: 'The day schall come +tat
the sytte of Jerusalem schal be destryid and +te juis           #
confondyde
for +ter sin. Messias schall send hem scham, war and confusion.
Ther schall com ij prynsis froo Rome, +te fadyr and +te
son, and thay schall dysstry +te cytte of Jerusalem and all
+te juis +tat +tey fynd +terin. And +te fadyr schall geet suche
worschype +tat he schall be Emparowr. But for all +tis warnyng
of profycy +tey wyll not amend +tem of +ter syne.' Etc.


   Aftur +te dethe of Cryst +ter came monny wengans to +tem.
But vij +ger aftur Crystys deth +te juis slowe sent Jamys +te
yongyr; +tey sayd sent Jamys preychyd in Jerusalem to amend
+tem of +ter syne. And +tey made hyme +te beschope of +te tovn.
He werryd no lynnyn nodyr wollon, no+tyr eete fleche nor
fyche no+tyr berd, nodyr was wesseh nor ba+tid, but he was
clo+tid in heyr. And he knelyd to God in prayers, +tat his bone
wex hard as horne. Soo he prayid for +te juis, but +tei guyt
hyme ewyll his mede.
   On a day of her pasca gret multytud of peppull wer geydyrt,
and +tey bad Jamys not teyche +te doctryne of Cryst and he
wold have love of +tem. But he boldlyche praychyd tyll +tey
puld hyme dovn of +te pulpyte +tat he stod in. And as he        #
knelyde
in his prayers, voon wytt a fullynge-stafe smot +te brayn ovte
of his hede. And +tey +tat lowyt Jamys berryid hym wytt
onovre. And on hyme God schewyde gret meracullys and on
+te juis grete wengans, but +tei wold not amend them.
   And Jamys was callyd +te brodyr of Cryst for he was so
lyk hyme. And he was warnyng and tokyn to +te juis +tat +tei
schuld amend +ter lyve.
<P 72>
   The secund tokyn was: As +tei wer at +ter fest in pascha,    #
+te
stattys and +te commyns, +ten fyl a stryfe, +tat +tay fyl and
slove euyryche odyr wytt +ter cnywys, +te nombur of xxx M,
by +te uenyjavns of God.
   The iij tokyn was an heyfer bor to sacryfyce +tat sodenly
fel don amonge +te pepull and calwyd a lambe.
   The iiij tokyne: On pasche ny+gt at iiij of +te bele a       #
ly+gte
was in +te tempull as hit hade byn dayly+gte, and +terof +tey
hade gret fere.
   The v tokyn: +Ter came a blast and a doon +tat hit brast
vp +te gattys, and schemyt +te wallys schuld ouerturn.
   The vj tokon: On a vennysday at eve +tey hard a crye in
+te tempull, saying: 'Goo we hens, goo we hens!' All +te pepull
ron away for feyr.
   The vij tokyn: +Ter was a ster in +te skye wytt a scharpe
peynt as a speyr alle a +ger ouer +teme.
   The viij tokon: +Tei see in +te skye mene and hors armyd     #
+tat
some tyme fow+gt and some tyme reste, +tat sore afeyrryde
+tem. And +tey sayd hit was tokyn of war or hovngur. +Tey
sayd soth and wyst not, but +tey wold not amend.
   The ix tokon was charys and waynys in +te clovdys aperyng
and anon frov +ter sy+gt.
   The x tokon was: iiij +gere or +te sege began +ter was bore
a man of Jude, +te sone of Jhesu Ananye. He stod vpe on
wy+gtsonday at +te fest and callyd on +te word, west, est,      #
north
and sowthe. And +ter come iiij wyndys on +te tempulle of        #
Jerusaleme
and on +te cyty and on the pepul for her syn, as hyme
semyd in his wision. He sayd: 'We schall have wengans for
sin.' For +tis wordys +tei byte hyme sor and bro+gt hym befor
Pylat. And he sayd as he sayd before, and euyr he cryid:
'Alas, Jerusalem, alas, we schall be confoundyt for synn!' And
<P 73>
when he wold not seys his saying, thay let hyme goo, but
+tey wold not amend +tem of her synne but foullov her ovn wyll.
And +te vsavge was alayd when Jhesu sayd (\'Consummatum 
est,'\) that betokeny+gth: 'The newe testement is begon,
for +te old is indyte and fulfyllyth for loue of man.' And they
had +te doctryne and all +te dedis of Cryst wryttyn in +ter
bokus of +ter on wryttyng, but +tey wold not do +teraftur, as
hit was prewyd when sent Teyllyn fond +te holly cros. Schwe
owercome them by +ter on bokus, and +geyte wold +tey not ask
mercy for +te dethe of Cryst and of +te saynttus of Cryste;
and +terfor +ge schall her how +tey sped.

   But furst spek we of Waspasyon, +te nobul kyng, +tat was
sor syke in leppur, and a cankur in his nose and lyppus, +tat
he sawe no helpe but dethe. And when he was bore, he had
waspus in his nos, and +terfor men callyd hyme Waspassyon.
This +tingis God send to hyme for +tis cavssys, +tat hath set
all his werkys at serttayn. And as God is lord aboue all        #
+tingis,
so is +te Emparowr kyng aboue all erthly lordys and kyngis.
And notwyttstondyng Waspasion wos not Emparovr at +te
begynnyng of +tis werke, but he was son aftur, so +tat +te      #
moste
worthi Lord almy+gty wold be awreykyde by his most nobyle
seruant. But he was so stynkyng in his leppur +tat no man
my+gt soffyr +te stynche no+tyr abyde in his chambur, but by
a wyse +tei put his met vnto hyme, for he my+gt nat aryse tyl
God hyme conforttyd.

   But at +te deth of Cryst was Tyberyis Emparowr of Rome
and raynnyd xxxiij +ger. And in his viij +ger Cryst soffyrt his
passyon. The juis wryt a letter to +te Emparovr, saying he
dyde wrong to sle ry+gt blod, Jhesu Cryst, and to set vp        #
mammatys
<P 74>
and to do fals sacryfyce in +te temppull and to spend
+ter offeryng in his on vse wyttout leve of +te gouernowrs of
+te tempule; and wytt +tat he made a condyte commynge into
his hows a+genst her vsage. And for his mysdedys he was
iugyte to exile. When he hart +tis, he ordent a ryche present
wyth letteris gaylly indyet and send hit to +te Emparowr as
followyth afturward. But next was Gayus Emparovr and next
hyme Clarydiis and +ten Nero, +tat slow Pettur and Povle,
and next hyme Waspasyon.
   But furst Waspasyon was kynge of Gallyse and of Gascony.
And he had a son +tat hy+gt Tyttus, +tat on a tyme was in +te
cytty Burdex. And +ter Tytus saw a schype comme seylyng
+tat come frome Jerusalem. Tytus send for +te mastur of +te
schyfe, and his name was Nataane, a man of Jude, +tat went
to Rome to bere trevage and letteris froo Pyllat to +te         #
Emparour
Tyberius, and soo he told to Tyttus. 'But I have,' he sayd,
'hade gret lete wyth temppas, and I am wynd-dryfe to +tis
plas.'
   Tyttus sayd: 'Tyburryus is dede, and iij Emparovris have
byn sethe.' But Tytus seythe: 'In Iude bythe good lechis;
and yfe +tou can telle me to a leche +tat can heylle my fadyr,
I schal wyll reyward +te and send +te to +te Emparovre vppon
myne non cost.'
   'Syr', sayd Nathone, 'I am no leche, but in Jude was         #
wrongfully 
do to dethe a trowe profete Jhesu of Nazarethe, +tat
elly+gt men, boddy and sovle.' And he tellyd to Tytus of
Crystus wertus preychyng and his holly werkys and grete
meracullys, and +tat he schowyd hymeselfe verry God and
man, and how he send his dessypullys to preche and gawe
heme power to heylle all syknys - and +tem +tat feythfully
belewy+g on Jhesu Cryst, they heylly+g hem in boddy and sowll
<P 75>
and howe he send +te Holy Gost to his desypuls aftur
his assencion and taw+gt to +tem lxx langagis to teche all +te
world. 'And yf +tey fadyr my+gt speke wyth one of his desyppuls
and wyl beleve in Jhesu Cryst, I dar say he schale be hole.'
   This harde Wellosiane, +tat was stowarde wyth Waspasyon,
and fayn he wold hit wher fulfyllyd. But furst +tey send Nataan
to Nero, +te crwell Emparovr +tat sclow hymselfe, and +terof
was Rome ful fayn. And as +ge schall her afturward, they chovs
Waspasion Emparovr, for he was moste of honnovr. And +tey
+to+gt +tat Tytus schuld keppe +te charge in his fadyris stede.
But +tis was to +ger aftur +tat Nataan woos goo home.
   But nowe twrne we to Nataan, howe he dyde his meyssage.
He hath take his trewage to +te Emparovr and letterys frow
Pyllat. In +tis wyes he told +te profycy that +te juis hade,    #
how
Cryst schuld be bor of a mayd of juis kynd to save man, +tat
was forlore. And he callyd to +te Emparovr in his letteris alle
+te myrracullys and the teychyng of Cryst +tat Pylat hade
wryte in his bokus. And he ascwsyd hyme in his letteris +tat
+te juis wer only +te cavs of his dethe, and not he, but as he
nedys most +geyfe jegement by +te crye of +te pepull. But he
was not exscwssyd so byfor God and man, for he knew +te
troth, as his on bokus wyttnyssyt, but he wold not do +teraftur
and amend hyme of his syne no+tyr abay to Godys lawe.
   As for to know how Pylat toke his name: In Spen ther was
a kyng +tat was callyd Tyrus. He gat a chyld on a mylwardys
do+gttur +tat hy+gt Pyla, and her fadyr hy+gt Atus, and +te
chyld was callyd Pylatus. The kyng gat a chyld on his wyfe
+te sam +gere, and +tis to chyldorn wer togeydur. And for +te
trowe chyld was strongur +ten Pylat, Pylat slow hyme. And
+te kynge most send a chyld in trevag to Rome, and he send
his son Pylat and put hym not to dethe. And at Rome was
+te kyngis son of Fravns; and for he was callyd mor genttyll
<P 76>
+ten Pylat, Pylat soon slow hyme. And +ten +te romans sende
hym wyth commyssion into +te heylle of Peynttus, and +ter
he was so cursyd +tat all men ferryd hym.
   But kyng Herrod for his crwelty send for hyme and mad
hym juge of Jude in Jerusaleme. And for parttynge of her
goodis +tey to wer aungurre, but +te onment was made in
+te senddyng of Cryst: at +te tyme of his passion Pylat send
hyme to Herrode, and Herrod send hyme a+geyne, and +ter
Pilat and Herrod wer acordyt and mad at one. And at +te
sayd tyme of Crystus passion +te juis sede: 'His blod on vs
and owre chylldorn.' And so into +te tokyne of veniance God
send to +tem +te blody flyxe and most on good fryday.
   But leve ve +tis and torne we a+geyne to Nathaan. When
Nathaane had don his herrond to Nero, he had letteris of
wyttnys of al +te matteris and his gon home. Uelysyane, the
steward wyth Waspasian, went to Waspasian and tolde to
his lorde all +te wordyse of Nathaon, how Pylat and +te juis
dyde Cryst to dethe, +tat came to save mankynd, takyng
fleche and blod of +te wyrgyn Maree, conseywyd of +te Holly
Gost, werry God and mane. +Te manheyde dyid for mannys
sowle savacion, and +te godhede arysyd a+geyne when he
hade fete the sollys owt of heylle, +tat he dere bo+gt wyth his
byttur passyon. And aftur +tat he oftyntymys aperryd to his
desyplys, and in +ter presense he asendyt to +te Fadyr in       #
heyuyn
and send to heme +te Holly Gost and +gavfe +teme all langgage
to teyche all +te world and +gaf theme power to heylle in
bothe bodye and sovle +tat faythfully belewyt in hyme and
<P 77>
keppyt his lawys. 'And +geyfe +ge may have on of his dysipplys,
I hoppe +ge schall be hooll.'
   Waspasion was glade of +tis talle and bade Wellosian goo
in hast to gete hyme a dessipull of Cryst. And so Welosian
went to Jerusaleme and tok his tyme and ryme by +te temppull
of Dawytt in the hows of Jacobe, a jwe; but he was a preuey
crystyn mane.
   Wellosiane told to hyme +te cavse of his commynge and
desiryde to her of Cryst and to spek wyth some of his           #
dessipplys
and +tat he my+gt have some reylikus of Cryst. Jacobe was
glade and tolde hime of his myrraculs and howe falslye he
was put to dethe. And he sayde: 'My do+gttur was von of +te
Marys +tat went wytt boxis hym to anynt. And yf +ti mastur
and lorde beleve on hyme, I dar say he schall be hoole. And
I wyle send for a lady +tat lowyt Cryst, and I hoppe +tat schew
and I schall geyfe +te good concelle.' And then was Wellysian
glade.

   On morrow Welosiane and Jacobe went to Pilat. But Vellosian
wold not aly+gt of his hors tyl he com to Pylat, for his lord
Uaspasion, kyng of Galyce, for he was lord of Jerusaleme,
and he wold have an nanswer in hast, 'for,' he sayd, '+te       #
trevage
hat+t be longe behynd.'
   Pilat askyd yf Nero wer dede, and he sayd: 'Nay, but my
lord Waspasion in his levetennand.' He made his herrand to
Pylat to take +te markys on his face to knowe hyme anodyr
tyme.
   Pylat was wrothe wyth him and porposyd him to sleye.
But +ter was a kny+gt +tat was namyd Barrobas, +tat was         #
delyuyrt
frove preson at +te dethe of Cryst, and he sayd: 'Hit
<P 78>
wer scham to do +tis kny+t harme +tat is aloon; and he semyth
a good kny+gt, for he dothe well his message. But dred not of
Waspasion, for we wyll make +te owr kynge. And yf Waspasioon 
set vppon +te, he schall hit sor aby. And so send him worde
by +tis good man.'
   Uelosian rode to his in full glad +tat he knew Pylat. And
Jacob bro+gt a ladye +tat hy+gt dame Werony, and schewe grant
to goo wyth hyme to conford and helpe his lorde. Dame Werony
sayde: 'I deyllyd in Gallaly and was syke in +te blody flyxe.
And I come to +tis tovne to have helpe of Jhesu of Nazarethe,
and was he lade to +te juis to his dethe. And I tok a cloth:
my wyl was to ber hit to a paynttur to hawe +te fugur of his
face; but as he bar +te cros toward his passion, I cryd on hyme
for sokor. And his blessid modyr Mary, schew sawe a cleyn
cloth in my hond, and +terwytt schew wyppyd +te face of her
son Jhesu, for he swet for beyryng of +te cros, and all +te
markys of his face wer sene in +te clothe +tat I wold let have
paynttyd. Owr Lady sent Mary toke to me +te clothe a+geyne,
and I mekely hit kyssyd and allsoo +te heme of +te clothe +tat
he werryd. And I toke his blessynge, and anon I was hole.
But for I love Cryst Jhesu, Pylat hatty+te me, and +terfor
I am glade to goo froo his power.'
   Sche made her reydy and went wyth Welosiane. But furst
at +te prayer of Welosian Jacob send for some of +te juis +tat
put Cryst to dethe. And +tey wyth gret game and jeying
told all +te storry of his passion. And Welosian bar hit        #
preueyly
in his mynd tyll +te tyme come +tat hit my+gt be awengyt. He
+tonkyd Jacob and prommyssid hime to be his good frende.
   Velosian hath goodly take his leve of Jacob; and toke his
lady wytt hyme into Gascony into his oon place, ther fore to
<P 79>
rest, and went to his lord and told hyme howe he hade sped
and how he hard +te juis tell all +te passion of Cryst.         #
Waspasion
sayd: 'And I may be hole, I wyll be awengyt on +tat crwelle
dethe and dede.'
   The lond ferryde of +te dethe of Uaspasion and crownyd his
sone Tyttus and made hime kynge. And +tat was one +te morrow
+tat Welosian was come home. And has dame Wyrony stod
in her in, sche sawe pope Cleyment come in +te way, +tat was
come fro Jerusaleme wyth Pettur and Povle, +tat Nero slow.
And +tis lady spake to Cleyment and told hyme why schow was
come, and +te pope was ful glade. And at +te prayer of Welosian
+tey went bothe to +te kynge.
   Uaspasion welcommyd +teme gladly and prayd +teme of
conford. Sent Cleyment sayd, yf he wold have helpe, he most
beleve one Jhesu Cryst, +tat all helpe is inne, the sone of God
and of +te wyrgyne Marry and werry God and mane, +tat com
to by man frow thraldom, for wythout his passion mane my+gt
not be sawyd. And sent Cleyment declaryd to hyme +te fethe
and +te lawys of God omnipotent.
   Uaspasion sayde: '+Gif I be hole, I wyll be a crystyne man   #
and
I welle awenge +te dethe of Cryste; for I wyll sleye all +te    #
juis
+tat I fynd, and I wylle sele xxx for a d for +tey sold +ter    #
Lord
for xxx d.'
   Then sayd Cleyment: 'Kyngis worschyppe hyme at his
byrthe, furst Errowd, +tat slow gret multytud of chyldorn for
his sake; and as bokus tellythe, +te sayd Erawde suffyrd all
syknis in his boddy and nowe +te paynnys of heylle. And I
hoppe +tat kyngis schall awenge his deth. Beleve his power is
to hele +te. He reysyd +te kny+gte +tat lay deyd in his grave   #
iiij
dayis. And aftur +tat he asenddyt to hewyne, he sent +te Holly
Gost to his decippuls, as he befor prommessid to +teme, and
<P 80>
ta+gtht +tem lxx launggagis to preche all +te worde and
+gavfe +teme power to hele in body and sovle all +tat wold
on hyme beleue and fay+gthfully serue hyme.'
   The kynge Uaspasion beleuyd +tis well wyth all +te           #
syrcumstanse
of +te fayth as he was taw+gt, and sent Cleyment
hyme asayllyd. Dame Werrony toke Cleyment +te wernakull
+tat Cryst wyppyd on his face, as befor is sayd. And sent       #
Cleyment
was reyuessid wyth onowr and bar +te warnacul to +te
kynge. And he reuerently hit kyssid and worschyppte +te
Fadyr and +te Son and +te Holly Gost and +te warnacull in +te
worschype of Crystus face, +tat hit towchyd and +terof wos
+te merk, and anon he was hole and praysyd almy+gtty God.
   And he sayd: 'I wyll awenge +te dethe of Cryst wyth his
grace, for I wot well he is +te son of God. And when I have     #
done
+tat dede, we wyll be crystynd all and geyf gret mede to +te
lady dame Verony.' And schw prayd hyme geyf to Cleyment
what he wold, for schw wyll abyd wyth hyme. And he +gavfe
+tem londys and renttus and gret reywardys.
   Sent Cleyment consayld hyme to take crystendome in hast,
but +te kynge sayd he wold furst wreke +te dethe of Cryst.
And he send for his son Tytus and for his lorddys. Also he
send to Nero +te Emparovr for lycens, and he sayd he most
wreke a spyte ido in Jerusaleme. And Nero hyme grant, but
he knew nat the cavse, for he was cursyd and louyt not
Cryst.
   The kynge mad hyme reydy, and furthe they went. But at
+te prayer of sent Cleyment and of dame Werony +te kynge
<P 81>
commandyt pece to ale crystyn men and yafe +tem good warrante
+tat no man schwld theme greve. Waspasion and his son
Tyttus went to schepe wyth a C M men. Sent Cleyment hyme
blessyd and toke his leve at +te see and went home, and dame
Werony wyth hym, in Goddyse pese. And +te kynge had good
weddur and wynd at wyll and wylle sped and all his men.

   In vj wekus Waspasion sayllyd to Acrvs and toke +te tovne
wyth force and set in men to keppe hit and wente into +te lond
and slowe and brent and toke vittayle plentte. And on a fryday
thay come fro Arryse to Japheth and segyt +te tovne. And
God send to +te pepulle of +te conttray wondyr +tingis, of      #
rayne,
hayle, snowe and wyndyse and hongur and gret sykenyse,
but to Waspasion and to his pepull God send welthe inowe in
all +ter jornaye.
   But +te tovne wold not +geld +tem longe tyme. Waspasion
swar he wold not go thens tyl hit wer +gelde. And +ten they     #
rone
euyryche apone odyr wyth +ter weppun tyll all wer slayne in
+te tovne save ij kny+gttus +tat lovyd togeydur, +tat wold sley
none odyr of +teme. +Te tone hy+gt syr Japhel, and he was kyne
to Syser, of +te blod of Waspasion. And +terfor +te kynge mad
hyme of his conssell and his gyd to Jerusaleme, and +tat he
dyd full well.
   They left keppars in Japhete and went +ter way. +Te crystyn
men in Jerusaleme had warnyng of +te Holly Gost and went
ouer flom Jurdane to a place +tat men cale Pellan, and +ter
+tey deyllyd. But some wold see what schuld fale and abyde in
Jerusaleme.
   When Pyllat wyst +tat Japheth was nome, he feyryd sor and
send for gret helpe. Then to hyme came Archeles, +te kynge of
Gallale, +te sone of Erroawd, +tat slowe +te chyldorne of       #
Hissarell.
He came wyth a gret host, and also +te conttray came to         #
Jerusaleme
<P 82>
for socur for fer of Waspasion, for he slow and brent
in all +te conttrey.
   Pylat sent spyis to wyt what way +tat Waspasion come. And
he and Ercheles rode out at +te gat and asayde her horssis.
But he hade no grace to flee, for Gode hade +geyfe hyme respyt
forty +ger, but he wold not amend.
   When +te spyis come a+geyne to Pylat, they told what way
+te host come and sayd +tey wer wondyr strong. And +ten
Pylat feryd sore. +Ten sayd Archeles to Pylat: 'Ferryd I        #
no+tinge,
for +ter is no wattur ner +te cyty +ten flem Jurdane. And when
+tey fynd no freche watur, +tey most nedys fle, and we wyl
follo and sley +teme all.'
   And whil +tis tale was a tellyng, +te tovne was besegyte.    #
And
+tis was +te iiij and xxx +ger aftur +te dethe of Cryst. On     #
+te day
of paske Waspasion bade Japhel, for he knew +te conttre, he
rood about +te cyty and see what was to be done. And so he
dyde and set +te host in gouernance wyth monny feyttys of war
and byte done +te subbarbuse to +te toune wale.
   And for +tey had noo freche wattur, +tey toke skynnys of
bestus and mad fyll hundyrtys of bagis and bogyse and fet
wattur one horsbakis and fyld so myche in +te wale of Josephath
+tat euyry man had inow+g. And +tey dayly fete more.
   And when +the pepull of Jerusaleme sawe wattur in +tat wale,
they merweld sor and told Pylat. Pylat and Archelese and
Josephus, +te good clarke, went to se hit and soor merveld
on +tat case. And +ten mastur Josephus, he sayde: 'This his
+te hond of Myssyas, for God is wrothe wyth vs for +te dethe
of +te profete Jhesu of Nazare+tet.' But Archeles sayd: 'Pylat,
drede +te not, but keppe +te cyty, and +tou schalt have +ti     #
wyle.'
   Uaspasion and Japhele and Welosian stod and save Pylat
on +te wallys, and Wellosian consellyd his lord to him to speke
<P 83>
and se what he wold say. Waspasion sayde: 'Pylat, se me,
+tat ame +ti lord and wyle awenge +ti fals dedis.' But at +tat
tyme he wase not his lord but sayd so to make hyme ferd. And
Pylat +gavfe hyme no word for sorro.
   Then sayd Waspasione to Archelese: '+Tou art forsworne,
and so was +ti fadyr. +Tou wer bettur hold wyth me +ten wyth
+te tovne. Thi fadyr dyid in vofule paynis, and so schalt +tou
or longe tyme pas.' But +tey +gavf hime no answer but so        #
departtyd.
   Pylat sayd: 'I feyr +tis kynge, for he is of Syseris blode   #
and
kynd and he wole do as he sayth.' Archeles sayd: 'We be stronge
ino+gth. I reyde +te wage hyme battayll.'
   And Pylat dyde aftur his consell and wagyt him battayle.
And Waspasion toke hit wyth glad cher and sayd: 'Pylat, +tou
schalt have schame of +ti battayl wytt the my+gt of God.'
   And +tey manly schet and cast ingyne, arrowe and quarrell
into +te tovne and slove gret multytude of pepule. And +te
tovne my+gtly +teme defendyd. And a quarrel haplye sclove
a povr mane +tat went wyth chyldorne in +te stret. But +te juis
hild hym a profete, and +terfor +tey feyrryd full sore.
   But in +te j +ger of +tis sege dyid Nero +te Emparowr. He
left Tytus to kepe +te sege, and he went to Rome and was
crovnnyd Emparovr in +te saryssynnis wyse. And he hastyd
hyme to Jerusaleme.
   The good man Jacobe sayde to Pylat: '+Tis jwe +tat we cale
a profet sayd xx +ger passid +tat +tis tovne schvld be          #
destryid;
and nowe he is slayne, I leve hit +te mor. I rede +ge +geyld    #
vpe
+te tovne.'
   Pylat wytt hyme was wrothe and sayd: '+Tis was +ti concent
wyth Welosian, and +tat +tou schalt aby full sore.' He lete
fettur Jacobe wytt yrone and cast hyme into a fovle dovngone
to dy wyttovte mete and drynke for lake of foode.
<P 84>
   The do+gttur of Jacobe, Mare, prayd to God for hyme and
sayd: 'Lord, I beleve on +te and come to seche +te wyth         #
eyntment
at +ti tombe, wyllynge +te to honovr and pleys. So helpe
my fadyr, +ti seruante.'
   And allmy+gtty God send an angele and fet Jacobe oute of
presone and set hyme wythout +te tovne wallese. He knelyd
dovne and +tankyd God, and +ten he went to +te host.
   Welosiane hyme welcommyd and bro+gt hyme to +te Emparovr
Waspasion and sayd: 'Tis is ovr frend +tat herberd
me in Jerusaleme when I went to get yove helpe and conford.'
+Te Emparovre hyme welcommyd and wos glad. And Jacob
hyme told how Pylat hade hym presond and how he was
delyuyrt by an angel. And also he told hyme all +te juis        #
consel.
   The Emparovr wos glad and mad hyme gret cher. And of
hyme he askyd consele to make a dyche abovt +te tovne, +tat
no man schwld go away vnspyid. And so hit was don and mad
in hast, and +tat +te juis sovr reypent.
   Pylat toke his conssayle of Archeles, of Barrobas, and of
Josephus. And +tey in +te ny+gt layd plankus ouer +te dyche
and come ovte wyth xxxv M of horsmen and l M of fotemen, and
sore +ti met in battayl. And gret multytud of pepul wer dede
in both partys. But Pylat lost xl M, and he schappyd into
+te tovne. And Josephus wose hurt soor; but he was a preway
crystyne man and most knew of +te juis lave; and he wos full
sorry for his kyne was ettynne.
   But Jacob let make charnels and berryd +te peppul. And +te
Emparovr wos glad and gretly conforttyd wyth +te wyse consell
of Jacob.
   +Ten began gret sowrro and hovngur in +te cyty. They eete
horse, cattys, rattys and myse and +te fen in +te waye and
+teron dogis and +terone cyldorne, and +te stronggyr eete +te
<P 85>
wekir. And +tey drow lote who schwld eete o+tyr. But +te gret
men wer confortyd in +ter hongyr by +te wertw of presious
stonnys +tat +tey had one heme.
   +Ter was a lady of +te conttray +tat hy+gt Marey, and schoe
deyllyd wyth a lady +tat hy+gt Clarys in +te cyty. Both wer
good crystyn wemen. The do+gttur of Mary was dede for hongur,
and so wer allmoste both ladyse, for to +teme was lewyd no
+tinge to ette.
   And +ten sayd Claryse: 'Ete we +tis chyld.' But Mary
sayd: 'Nay, ra+tyr wyl I dye.' +Ter come a angele and bade
+teme eete +te chyld. 'for hit is +te profysy +tat wemen schuld
eete +ter chyldorne.'
   And so +tey rost +te chyld. Pylat felyd +te savyr of +tis    #
rost
and send +terefor, and +ten wer +te wemen ful wo. But when
Pylat save what hit was, he commandyt +tat no man schwld
eete his chyld nor woman, but +tat +tey schwld eete +ter        #
treysore.
And so +tey eete gold and sylvyr wyth corne and heye, but hit
dyd +teme no good. But afturward +tey wer fayne to fete hit
ovte of +ter boddys.
   But aftur +te husbond eete +te wyfe, and +te wyfe eete +te
husbond, and euyrry man slow odyr for +ter treysser in +ter
boddyse, that +te strettys lay ful of dede men. And when thay
hade no treysore in +tem, no man wold +teme byrre but cast
+teme vppon heypuse and let +tem lye. And so +te pepule wer
lost wyth stenche. But when +te tovne was get, Tyttus let
bren +tem for stenche. And when he saw +tat dolful sy+gte, he
fel dovne on his kneis and sayd: 'Lord God, +tow knowyst wele
+tis is not for my fadyr nor for me, but for +ter on synnis.'

   But byfor +tis tyme +te counsseyle of +te cyty bad Pylat     #
yeld
+te sette and tovne. And Pylat sayd: 'Nay, abyde +ge a whylle
yf anny of +tis lordys may dye or yf we may +tem pleyse wytt
+geyftus of owr treysovr.'
<P 86>
   The Emparovr send Jacob to wyte yf +tey wold geyfe vpe
+te tovne. Jacob came to +te walle and callyd a jwe, and he fet
to hyme Josephus. And when he sawe Jacobe, he askyd hyme
how he came owt of preson. And Jacob hyme told howe, by
+te myracul of God. And Josephus thankyd God.
   And when Jacobe see he wase a crystyne mane, he wase
glad and told to hyme +te forsayde meracullus of Waspasion and
of sent Cleyment and dame Werony and Welosyane and of
hymeselfe, as +te storry before telly+gt. And +ten Josephus     #
hyme
prayd to pray to +te Emparovr for +te crystyne pepul, and Jacob
hyme grant.
   But Jacob askyd Josephus yf +tey wold held +te tovne. And
he sayd: 'Naye, but Pylat wolde asay yf he my+gt askape
wyth pleysovr of +geyftus. And yf +te Emprovr wer a crystyn
mane, we wold +geld vs to hyme, but we have leuyr deye +ten
+geld vs to a sarussyne.'
   +Tey toke her leve and departtyd. And Jacob told to +te
Emparovr what answer he hade. Then sayd Josephus to Pylat:
'I have herd ty+tingis +tat +te Emparovr wyl vs al destrye. I   #
rede
+ge cale yowr pepull and se what is to done.'
   Pylat lete a crye, and +te pepul aperyd before hyme. He
askyd of +teme what was her counsel best to done. Some sayd:
'We leve her to longe. Mysseas is rovthe wyth vs, for he is
+te sone of God, and we as fovllis stryve a+genst ovr lord God,
and we be worthy to suffyr wo. We fynd in profycy +tat +te
romans schvld vs destry, and now we aske mercy to late. But
go we ovte and schort we ovr lywys, for bettur is schort
payne +ten longe.' And some sayd: 'Hit his fayrer dethe to
sley eche o+tyr +ten to +geld vs to more payne.' And so xj M
slov euyreche odyr and fel dede for stynche of dede men.
<P 87>
   And +tey +ten begane to cry Jhesu mercy: 'We have sor
afendyt. We fynd sothe +tat +tou spake govynge to +ti passion:
Weppe +ge not for me, but for yovr chyldorne and for yovrselfe,
and so we may nowe, and curse +te brestus +tat +gave vs sovke
and +te body +tat vs bar. And +terfor, Pylat, +geld vp +te      #
tovne,
for ve no lengur may leue.'
   Then Pylat, Archeles, Josephus, Barrobas and +te commynte
went to +te wallys and sayd to +te Emparovr: 'Tis is +te last
daye of vij +ger. We may no lengur +te tovne kepe. Tel vs       #
whe+tyr
we schale lyve or dye, for we moste vs +geld.'
   When +te Emparovr +tis herd, he fel doune on his kneis and
+tankyd almy+gtty God. And +ten he stod vpe and sayd: '+Tou
slowe Cryst in his manhede wythoute gylte. On hyme +ge had
no mercy, nor none +ge geyt of me.'
   When Archeles +tis herd, he slowe hymeselfe wyth his ovn
sorde and fele adovne ouer +te walle. The Emparovre sayd:
'He is traytur and was trayttur, and so he dyid. 'But he bade
byrre hyme wor+teyly, for he was a kynge.
   Pylat toke +te keyis and oppynd +te +gattys, and Tytus wyth
his host went in. But in +te prese Josephus wyth fel men
askappyd into +te cyty of Jenopozame. +Te Emparovr let +teme
sowe in and +te cyty bysete, +tat +tey my+gt not skape. But
Joseffus wold not +geld hyme to +te Emparovr, for he was not
crystynd. But +te Emparovr so sovr hyme besett +tat he toke
wytt hyme xj fellowys and flede into a cave. And for hongur
+tey drove lottys who schovld eete odyr of +tem, and +te lotht
fel to Josephus +tat he schuld dye. But God wold not so, for
his wyte holpe fel men.
   When Josephus se he schuld be dede, he lepe on his fellow
and toke frov hyme his sword and hyme slove. And so he
<P 88>
asschapyd and went to +te Emparoure. +Te Emparovr askyd
what he wose, and he sayd: 'Josephus, +tat wrot +te storry of
Crystus dethe and of juis laves and of her prophecy +tat now
is favle.' The Emparovre sayd: '+Tou arte a spye. +Tou schalte
be dede; for yfe +tou wer so wyse a man, +tou my+gt have warnyd
+te juis of her harme.' Then sayd Josephus: 'I take wyttnis
by +te bokus +tat I wrote and allso of +te juis +tat I to +tem
hit told many +geryse passyd.'
   The bokys were fete of +te juis lawe, and hit was fond as
Josephus had sayd. And also hit was wyttnyssyd of mony
men. And Josephus told to +te Emparovre +tat he wase a
crystyne mane, and Jacob for hyme vndurtoke. And so +te
Emparovr hyme toke to grace.
   +Ten sayde Josephus: '+Ge may see by +tis bokus +tat I told
+te juis xl dayis befor +tat +ge schuld be Emparour and also of
+te sykenys of yowr sone Tytus, and wytt my covnsel I schal
helpe to make hyme hole.' For Tytus was sore syke in a          #
cardyacull
take wyth +te jay of his fadyris honovr. And +te Emparovr
sayde to Josephus: 'Yf +tou can my son helpe, I wyl +te         #
reywarde
ry+gt wele, for I love hyme most of al +tis world.'
   So on day Josephus sayd to Tytus: 'I trust ry+gt wele
yow to helpe of your syknys. But grant me +tat +ge be not
wrothe wyth no man +tat I brynge wytt me into yowr presens.'
And Tytus hyme granttyd. A man +tat Tytus movste hattyd.
Josephus let set hyme at +te mete in +te presens of Tytus and
hyme worthyly serwyd. The blod in his body hete for gret
grame and angur, and so his cardyacule frow hyme went, and
he was hole. And when he save hit was for his heyleth, he
+tankyd God. And +ten Tytus forsovked all +te wrath +tat he
hade to +tat. And Tytus toke Josephus nexte to hyme wyth
<P 89>
gret love. And +te Emparowr was ful glad and hym wele
reywardyde.

   But torne we to the sege of Jerusaleme. When Pylat se
Tytuse at +te +gawttys of Jerusaleme, he proferd to +geyfe hyme
his bayllywyke yf he my+gt geyt hyme his lyve and leve to
dweyll styll in +te cyty. And to +te Emparovr he wold +geyfe
a C sparhavkus ramage and a C of jentyl fawcons and xxx
mutys of hovndys and a C clothis of sylk and of gold and x
leons, x lebarttus, x boris, x mullys lad wytt treyssore,       #
syluyr
and gold, and wyth precyos stonnis. And Tytus +tus told his
fadyr +te Emparour. But he commandyt to kepe hyme into
good hold, for he schvld have no grace.
   Tytus, as +te Emparour hyme bade, went into +te tovne,
and Jacob wyth hyme to tell wyche wer crystyn men, theme
to save. And +te Emparovr keppyd wyttovte, +tat none schuld
fle. +Tey fyllyde +te dychys and opond +te +gattys, and Tytus
went in wytt iij C men wel armyd. He toke Pylat, and xxx
kny+gttus hyme keppyd. And +te juis +tat wer take alyve, +tei   #
bond
heme in heyppus, +tat none of +teme askappyd.
   And as he let bette dovne +te wallys, in a thyke place of    #
+te
walle he fond Joseph of Barmathe, fayr of coullur, +tat seyuyn
+ger was in +tat place wythovt mette or drynke, for he thav+gte
+te lawe of Cryste, +tat hyme wel fede wyth his godnys. Tytus
send hyme to +te Emparovr, and he hyme knewe note, for he
was most worthy mane aftur +te Emparowr.
   Then Tytus, Japhelle, Josephus, Josefe and Jacobe bro+gt
all +te crystyne men befor +te Emparovr, and he lete clothe
theme in whytte, +tat +te host my+gte +teme knowe and worchype.

   The pepull +tat wer sawyd told to +te Emparovr how +te juis
hade eyttyn her treyssour. And +terwyth +te Emparovr was
<P 90>
glade, for hit schuld, he sayd, torne +teme to payne; and let
make a crye and sold xxx jwis for a penny for +tey sold +ter
Lorde for xxx d. And +tey full sovr tormenttyd wer to fette
+te treyssour oute of her bellys; but +te Emparour bade do to
+teme +te most payne +tat +tey my+gte, and so +tey hade.
   Then Tytus bade bette dovne +te wallys and +terwyth fyle
+te dychis; for he lete no +tinge stond but +te tempul of       #
Salamone
and +te castyl wytt +te tour of Dawyte to fulfyll +the profycy.
And +tey berryde +te juis into downgheppus wythovte +te towne.
And +ter wer sold a C M and mo, and dede wyth weppyn
and hongur CCCC M and xvij. And her wenganse schall euyr
laste, for +tey be, and euyr schalle, in bondauge and gret
traldome.
   Tytus brou+gt Pylat to +te Emparour and sayd: 'Her is +te
traytur +tat put Cryste to dethe.' The Emparovr sayde: 'In
tymys me semyth I may well loue +tis mane. I can note be
wrathe wyth hyme. Loke +ge +ter be no gyle.'
   An olde mane +tat stod bysyde, he sayd he had one hyme
+te cote +tat owr Lady made and toke to Cryste, 'and by +te
wertwe of +tat clothe and of +te presyovs stonnys on hyme he
may go saufe amonge his foomen.'
   Thay toke frome hyme +tis cote, and +ten was +te Emprovr
ful wrothe and sayd: '+Tou art wor+ty mor schame +ten all +te
jwis.' He lete put hyme in a barrel of stele and porpossyd to 
caste hyme in +te see, but he abod to do hyme mor pyne.
   And when he come to Rome, he lett take hyme owt and put
hyme into a darke presson and feed hyme wyth barlay brede
and wattur. But in feste dayis he hade mete inowe. And so he
laye ij +ger on +te bare grovnd. And he neuyr reypent hyme 
of hys syne, but wyth a knyfe +tat he borrowyd of his kepper
to pare wyth a peyr he hymeselfweth slowe.
<P 91>
   When +te Emparovr +tis herd, he sayd: 'He dede most wekyd
dede, and +terfore he hathe most schamfull dethe; for he my+gt
do no werse dede +ten deme ovr Lord to deth.'
   Thay put hyme into +te barreylle and lade hyme into a        #
dyslate
place by a wattur syde. But for stynche and for feyr of feyndys
+tat wer abovte hyme many men wer dede. Then +tey toke
hyme vp and cast hyme inte a wattur. And +ter he dyde myche
sowrrov for he my+gt not synke. So he wase tossyde wyth
fenddys, wyth stenche and cry and darknys and wyth brennynge
feyr, +tat no man durst come ny +tat place.
   But on a nonetyde +ter come a schepe and se +tat cruvele
sy+gte and hard +te cry and see +te barreyll tossyd wyth        #
fendys,
and vnnethe they toke londe but wer ner loste. And +to +tey
wente into +te cytye on Vyene and told +te clarkys of +te cyty
in what a feyr +tat +tey wer. And +ten +te clarkys and laye     #
pepull
wyth gret pennans-dowynge prayde to Gode to be delyuyrt
of hyme. And Gode send to +teme a wayse and bad +teme
go to +te wattur syde, and so +tey dyde. And +ter +tey sawe
a roche of stone opone on +te see syde, and wyth a gret blast
of wynd, ly+gttynnyng and +tondorynge he was cast into +te
roche of stone, and +te roche clovsyde a+geyne. +Te peppule
+tankyde God. And so +tey wer of hyme delyuyrt.
   But +ter as he lay forst +te hole cane no mane stope, for    #
men
sayth hit gothe to helle. Etc.

   But turne we a+geyne to Jerusallem. Whyll +te Emparovr
lay at sege, he sent oute his men for wettayle. And as he +teme
bade, thay toke all +te castyllys and tovnnys in Jude into
+ter one hondyse and slow al +te peppull +tat wold not torne
to Goddys lawys; and al +tat wyll torne to Goddys lawe wer
<P 92>
sworne to be trowe. And +te Emparour on +teme set lawe and
keppynge.
   And +te Emparovr rewarddyte genttylmen +tat wyth hyme
wer in war wyth londyse and renttus, and +te commentye he
rewardyte wyth odyr goodyse plenty; for he made cleyne
alle +te lond of +ter gooddys and yafe hit to his men. And he
heme thankyde and toke his schepe, and so to Rome he sayllyde.
   But when he came to lond, wyth hyme mete in presessione
sent Cleyment and all his clargye and +te lady dame Weronye
wyth grete multytud of pepulle, hyme welcommynge and
+tankynge allmy+gtty Gode. Cleyment and +te lady mad gret
jaye +tat Jacobe, Joseph of Barmathe, Josephus and odyr
crystyne men wer savfe and +teme welcommyd wyth gret 
gladnyse.
   The Emparovr wase crystynd in hast, and so wer all his
pepule. The Emparour let schave all his men in tokyne of 
clennyse. And when +tey wer screwyne and crystonyd, he
clothyde +teme wyth whyte in tokenyng of cleynnyse and of
Goddyse lawe.
   The Emparour byldyd v churchus and wor+tily +tem induid.
And to +teme he yafe monny ryalle ornamenttus. And he send
into all his londdyse to keppe +te lawe of God and peys, and
 so hit wase do in all his dayis. And his sone Tyttus and +tey
lewyde a holly lyfe.
   The Emparour let close +te warnacul in syluyr and in golde
and put hit into a crystal stone, +tat men may hit see but not
hondyle. And dame Weroyny hit yaf to +te churche of seynte
Pettur in Rome.
<P 93>
   +Ten sente Cleyment sacryd +te Emparour and sete on hyme
+te crovne. And the Emparour set on seynt Cleyment a mytur
wyth a crovne and a presius dyadyme for chefe of all clarkys
and fadyr of all holly churche. And so be +te power +tat God
yafe to Pettur and to his sussessowryse the Emparour hyme 
confermyde poppe, as +ger wose chose by +te crystyne clergey.
Etc.

   At +te tombe of Waspasion the Emparovr, God schowyd
myracullys to blynd and to lame. And Tytus leuyde aftur hyme
a good lyue and euyry daye gafe gret almys for +te loue of
God. And he hade a good ende of this worlde.

   The jwis wente to Jerusaleme to byld hit a+geyne, but hit
was not +te wyll of God, for +tey schall neuyr have habytacione
but in bonddauge. And as +tey toke +ter markys to bylde +te
place +tat wose dystryid, they sawe a crose alle blody one +te
erthe all blody, +tat wase tokon her wenganse was not done.
And for feer +tey went +ter way. Anodyr tyme +tei come a+geyne,
and as +tey toke merkys, +tei sawe +te crose and her clothis
full of blode. And +tey went +ter way for fer. They come        #
a+geyne
+te +trede tyme, and as +tey stovpyd to take +ter mercus, they
hade no power to speke. But a feyr come frome +te grovnd
and brend theme all to povdyr.
   
   This wytnyssythe Josephus, +tat good clarke, +tat sawe and
wrot +ter actus. Etc.

   Her enddyth +te sege of Jerusaleme.



<B CMLUDUS>
<Q M4 XX MYST LUDUS>
<N LUDUS COV>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V VERSE>
<T DRAMA MYST>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^LUDUS COVENTRIAE OR THE PLAIE CALLED
CORPUS CHRISTI. COTTON MS. VESPASIAN D. VIII.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 120.
ED. K. S. BLOCK. 
LONDON, 1960 (1922). 
PP. 173.129 - 177.284    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 200.1   - 209.296    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 173>
(^herodes (\rex\) ^)
[^EIGHT LINES OMITTED^]

   In sete now am I sett as kynge of myghtys most
All this werd ffor loue to me xul +tei lowt
both of hevyn and of erth and of helle cost
Ffor dygne of my dygnyte +tei haue of me dowt
+ter is no lord on lyve to me wurth a toost
nother kyng nor kayser in all +tis worlde abought
If any brybour do bragge or blowe a-+gens my bost
I xal rappe +to rebawdys and rake +tem on rought
With my bryght bronde
+Ter xal be neythey kayser nere knyge
But +tat I xal hem down dynge
lesse +tan he at my byddynge
be buxum to myn honde.

Now my jentyll and curteys knyghtys herke to me +tis stownde
Good tyme sone me thynkygh at dyner +tat we were
Smertly +terfore sett a tabyll a-non here fful sownde
Couerid with a coryous cloth and with rych wurthy fare
Servyse ffor +te lovelyest lorde +tat levynge is on grownde
Beste metys and wurthyest wynes loke +tat +ge non spare
+tow +tat a lytyl pynt xulde coste a Ml. pownde
brynge alweye of +te beste for coste take +ge no care
Anon +tat it be done.

(^Senescallus^)
   My lorde +te tabyl is redy dyght
here is watyr now wasch forthryght
<P 174>
now blowe up mynstrall with all +gour myght
+te servyse comyth in sone.

(^herodes (\rex\) ^)
   Now am I sett at mete
and wurthely servyd at my degre
Com forth knyghtys sytt down and ete
and be as mery as +ge kan be. 

(^ (\i=us= miles\) ^)
   Lord at +gowre byddynge we take oure sete
with herty wyl obey we the
+ter is no lorde of myght so grett
thorwe all +tis werde in no countre
In Wurchepp to a-byde.

(^Herodes^)
   I was nevyr meryer here be-forn
Sythe +tat I was fyrst born
than I am now ryght in +tis morn
in joy I gynne to glyde.

(^ (\Mors\) ^)
   Ow I herde a page make preysyng of pride
all prynces he passyth he wenyth of powste
he wenyth to be +te wurthyest of all +tis werde wyde
kynge ovyr All kyngys +tat page wenyth to be
He sent into bedlem to seke on every syde
Cryst for to qwelle yf +tei myght hym se
but of his wykkyd wyl lurdeyn +gitt he lyede
goddys sone doth lyve +ter is no lorde but he
Ouer all lordys he is kynge
I am deth goddys masangere
All myghty god hath sent me here
+gon lordeyn to Sle with-owtyn dwere
ffor his wykkyd werkynge.

I am sent fro god deth is my name
All thynge +tat is on grownd I welde at my wylle
both man and beste and byrdys wylde and tame
Whan +tat I come them to . with deth I do them kylle
Erbe gres and tres stronge . take hem all in same
+ga +te grete myghty Okys . with my dent I spylle
what man +tat I wrastele with he xal ryght sone haue schame
I +geve hym such a trepett . he xal evyr more ly stylle
<P 175>
Ffor deth kan no sporte
wher I smyte +ter is no grace
Ffor aftere my strook man hath no space
to make amendys ffor his trespace
but god hym graunt comforte

Ow se how prowdely +gon kaytyff sytt at mete
of deth hath he no dowte he wenyth to leve evyr-more
to hym wyl I go and +geve hym such An hete
+tat all +te lechis of +te londe his lyf xul nevyr restore
A-+gens my dredful dentys it vaylyth nevyr to plete
or I hym part fro I xal hym make ful pore
All +te blood of his body I xal hym owt swete
Ffor now I go to sle hym with strokys sad and sore
+tis tyde
Bothe hym and his knyghtys all
I xal hem make to me but thrall
with my spere sle hem I xall
and so cast down his pride.

(^herodes (\rex\) ^)
   Now kende knyghtys be mery and glad
With all good diligens shewe now sum myrth
Ffor be gracyous mahound more myrth never I had
ne nevyr more joye was inne from tyme of my byrth
Ffor now my fo is ded and prendyd as a padde
aboue me is no kynge . on grownd nere on gerth
merthis +terfore make +ge and be ryght no thynge sadde
spare nother mete nor drynke and spare for no dyrthe
of wyne nor of brede 
Ffor now am I a kynge alone
So wurthy as I . may +ter be none
+terfore knyghtys be mery echone
ffor now my ffo is dede.

(^ (\i=us= miles\) ^)
   Whan +te boys sprawlyd at my sperys hende
by sathanas oure syre it was a goodly syght
A good game it was +tat boy for to shende
+tat wolde abene oure kynge and put +gow from +gour ryght

<P 176>
(^ (\ij=us= miles\) ^)
   Now trewly my lorde +te kynge we had ben vn-hende
and nevyr non of us Able for to be a knyght 
If +tat Any of us to hem had ben a frende
and asavyd Any lyff a-+gen +ti mekyl myght
Ffrom deth hem to flytt.

(^herodes (\rex\) ^)
   Amonges all +tat grett rowthte
he is ded I haue no dowte
+terfore menstrell rownd a-bowte
blowe up a mery fytt.

(^ (\Hic dum buccinant mors interficiat herodem et duos         #
milites subito
et diabolus recipiat eos.\) ^)

(^ (\Diabolus\) ^)
   All oure all oure +tis catel is myn
I xall hem brynge on to my celle
I xal hem teche pleys fyn
and showe such myrthe as is in helle
It were more bettyr Amonges swyn
+tat evyr more stynkyn +ter be to dwelle
ffor in oure logge is so gret peyn
+tat non erthely tonge can telle
with +gow I go my way
I xal +gow bere forth with me
and shewe +gow sportys of oure gle
of oure myrthis now xal +ge se
and evyr synge welawey.

(^ (\Mors\) ^)
   Off kynge herowde all men beware
+tat hath rejoycyd in pompe and pryde
Ffor all his boste of blysse ful bare
he lyth now ded here on his syde
Ffor whan I come I can not spare
Fro me no whyht may hym hyde
now is he ded and cast in care
In helle pytt evyr to A-byde
his lordchep is al lorn
<P 177>
Now is he as pore as I
wormys mete is his body
his sowle in helle ful peynfully
of develis is al to-torn.

All men dwellyng upon +te grownde
Be-ware of me be myn councel
Ffor feynt felachep in me is fownde
I kan no curtesy as I +gow tel
Ffor be a man nevyr so sownde
of helth in herte nevyr so wel
I come sodeynly with-in a stownde
me with-stande may no castel
my jurnay wyl I spede.
of my comyng no man is ware
Ffor when men make most mery fare
+tan sodeynly I cast hem in care
and sle hem evyn in dede.

Thow I be nakyd and pore of array
and wurmys knawe me al a-bowte
+git loke +ge drede me nyth and day
Ffor whan deth comyth +ge stande in dowte
Evyn lyke to me as I +gow say
shull all +ge be here in +tis rowte
Whan I +gow chalange at my day
I xal +gow make ryght lowe to lowth
and nakyd for to be
Amonges wormys as I +gow telle
Vndyr +te erth xul +ge dwelle
and thei xul Etyn both flesch and felle
As +tei haue don me.



<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 200>
[} (\HIC DE MULIERE IN ADULTERIO DEPREHENSA. NOLO MORTEM
PECCATORIS.\) }]

(^Jhesus^)
   Man for +ti synne take repentaunce
If +tou amende +tat is amys
Than hevyn xal be +tin herytaunce
Thow +tou haue don A+gens god grevauns
+gett mercy to haske loke +tou be bolde
his mercy doth passe in trewe balauns
All cruel jugement be many folde.

<P 201>
thow +tat +gour synnys be nevyr so grett
Ffor hem be sad and aske mercy
sone of my ffadyr grace +ge may gett
with +te leste teer wepynge owte of +gour ey
My ffadyr me sent the man to bye
All +ti Raunsom my-sylfe must pay
Ffor loue of +te my-sylfe wyl dye
Iff +tou aske mercy I sey nevyr nay.

In to +te erth ffrom hevyn A-bove
+ti sorwe to sese and joye to restore
man I cam down all ffor +ti loue
Loue me ageyn I aske no more
+tow +tou mys-happe and synne ful sore
+git turne A+gen and mercy craue
it is +ti fawte and +tou be lore
haske +tou mercy and +tou xalt haue.

Vppon +ti neybore be not vengabyl
Ageyn +te lawe if he offende
lyke as he is +tou art vnstabyl
thyn owyn frelte evyr +tou attende
Euer more +ti neybore helpe to Amende
evyn as +tou woldyst he xulde +te
Ageyn hym wrath if +tou accende
the same in happ wyll falle on the.

Eche man to othyr be mercyable
And mercy he xal haue at nede
What man of mercy is not tretable
Whan he askyth mercy he xal not spede
Mercy to graunt I com in dede
Who so Aske mercy he xal haue grace
Lett no man dowte for his mysdede
But evyr Aske mercy whyl he hath space.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   Alas Alas oure Lawe is lorn
A fals Ypocryte jhesu be name
+tat of a sheppherdis dowtyr was born
Wyl breke oure lawe and make it lame
he wyl us werke ryght mekyl shame
<P 202>
his fals purpos if he up-holde
all oure lawys he doth defame
+tat Stynkynge beggere is woundyr bolde.

(^Phariseus^)
   Sere scrybe in feyth +tat ypocryte
wyl turne +tis londe al to his lore
+terfore I councell . hym to indyte
And chastyse hym ryght wel +terfore.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   On hym be-leve many A score
In his prechynge he is so gay
Ech man hym ffolwygh ever more and more
A+gens +tat he seyth no man seyth nay.

(^Phariseus^)
   A Ffals qwarel if we cowde feyne
+tat ypocrite to puttyn in blame
All his prechynge xulde sone disteyne
and than his wurchepp xuld turne to shame
with sum falshede to spyllyn his name
lett vs assay his lore to spylle
+te pepyl with hym yff we cowde grame
than xulde we sone haue al oure wyll.

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   Herke sere pharysew and sere scrybe
A ryght good sporte I kan +gow telle
I vndyr-take +tat ryght a good brybe
We all xul haue to kepe councell
A fayre +gonge qwene here-by doth dwelle
both ffresch and gay upon to loke
And a tall man with here doth melle
the wey in to hyre chawmere ryght evyn he toke.

lett us thre now go streyte thedyr
the wey fful evyn I xall +gow lede
and we xul take them both to-gedyr
Whyll +tat +tei do +tat synful dede.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   Art +tou sekyr +tat we xal spede
Shall we hym fynde whan we cum there.

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   be my trowth I haue no drede
+te hare fro +te fforme we xal a-rere.

<P 203>
(^Phariseus^)
   We xal haue game and +tis be trewe
lete us thre werke by on Assent
We wyl here brynge evyn be-forn jhesu
and of here lyff +te truth present
How in advowtrye hyre lyff is lent
Than hym be-forn whan she is browth
We xul hym Aske +te trew jugement
What lawfull deth to here is wrouth.

Of grace and mercy hevyr he doth preche
And +tat no man xulde be vengeable
Ageyn +te woman if he sey wrech
Than of his prechynge he is vnstable
And if we fynde hym varyable
of his prechynge +tat he hath tawth
than haue we cawse bothe juste and Able
Ffor a fals man +tat he be cawth.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   Now be grete god +ge sey fful well
If we hym fyndyn in varyaunce
We haue good reson as +ge do tell
Hym for to brynge to foule myschauns
If he holde stylle his dalyauns
and preche of mercy hire for to saue
than haue we mater of gret substauns
hym for to kylle and putt in graue.

Grett reson why I xal +gow telle
Ffor moyses doth bydde in oure lawe
that Euery Advowterere we xuld qwelle
and +gitt with stonys thei xulde be slawe
Ageyn moyses if +tat he drawe
+tat Synful woman with grace to helpe
he xal nevyr skape out of oure Awe
but he xal dye lyke a dogge whelpe.

<P 204>
(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   +ge tary ovyr longe serys I sey +gow
they wyl sone parte as +tat I gesse
+terfore if +ge wyl haue +gour pray now
lete us go take them in here whantownnesse.

(^Phariseus^)
   Goo +tou be-forn +te wey to dresse
We xal +te ffolwe with-in short whyle
Iff +tat we may +tat quene dystresse
I hope we xal jhesu be-gyle.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   Breke up +te dore and go we inne
Sett to +te shuldyr with all +ti myght
We xal hem take evyn in here synne
here owyn trespas shal +tem indite.

(^ (\hic juuenis quidam extra currit indeploydo calligis non    #
ligatis et
braccas in manu tenens et dicit accusator\) ^)

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   Stow +tat harlot sum erthely wyght
that in advowtrye here is ffownde.

(^ (\Juuenis\) ^)
   +giff Any man stow me +tis nyth
I xal +geve a dedly wownde.

[{If{] Any man my wey doth stoppe
or we departe ded xal I be
I xal +tis daggare putt in his croppe
I xal hym kylle or he xal me.

(^Phariseus^)
   Grett goddys curse mut go with the
With suche a shrewe wyll I not melle.

(^ (\Juuenes\) ^)
   That same blyssynge I +gyff +gow thre
And qwheth +gow alle to +te devyl of helle.

In feyth I was so sore affrayd
Of +gone thre shrewys +te sothe to say
my breche be nott +gett well up-teyd
I had such hast to renne A-way
<P 205>
Thei xal nevyr cacche me in such affray
I am full glad +tat I am gon
Adewe Adewe a xx=ti= devyl way
and goddys curse haue +ge every-chon.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   Come forth +tou stotte com forth +tou scowte
com forth +tou bysmare and brothel bolde
com forth +tou hore and stynkynge bych clowte
how longe hast +tou such harlotry holde.

(^Phariseus^)
   Com forth +tou quene com forth +tou scolde
com forth +tou sloveyn com forth +tou slutte
we xal the tecche with carys colde
A lytyl bettyr to kepe +ti kutte.

(^ (\Mulyer\) ^)
   A mercy mercy serys I +gow pray
Ffor goddys loue haue mercy on me
of my mys-levynge me not be-wray
haue mercy on me for charyte.

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   Aske us no mercy it xal not be
We xul so ordeyn ffor +ti lott
+tat +tou xalt dye for +tin Advowtrye
+Terfore com forth +tou stynkynge stott.

(^ (\Mulier\) ^)
   Serys my wurchepp if +ge wyl saue
And helpe I haue non opyn shame
bothe gold and sylvyr +ge xul haue
So +tat in clennes +ge kepe my name.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   Mede ffor to take we were to blame
to save suche stottys it xal not be
We xal brynge the to suche a game
+tat all advowtererys xul lern be the.

(^ (\Mulier\) ^)
   Stondynge +ge wyl not graunt me grace
but for my synne +tat I xal dye
I pray +gow kylle me here in +tis place
and lete not +te pepyl up-on me crye
If I be sclaundryd opynly
<P 206>
to all my frendys it xul be shame
I pray +gow kylle me prevyly
lete not +te pepyl know my defame.

(^Phariseus^)
   Ffy on +te scowte +te devyl +te qwelle
Ageyn +te lawe xul we +te kyll
Ffyrst xal hange +te . +te devyl of helle
or we such folyes xulde ffulfyll
thow it lyke +te nevyr so ill
be-fforn +te prophete +tou xalt haue lawe
lyke as moyse doth charge ut tyll
With grett stonys +tou xalt be slawe.

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   Com forth a-pase +tou stynkynge scowte
be-fore +te prophete +tou were +tis day
or I xal +geue +te such a clowte
+tat +tou xalt fall down evyn in +te way.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   now be grett god and I +te pay
Such a buffett I xal +te take
+tat all +te teth I dare wel say
with-inne +tin heed ffor who xul shake.

(^Phariseus^)
   Herke sere prophete we all +gow pray
to gyff trewe dom and just sentence
Vpon +tis woman which +tis same day
In synfull advowtery hath don offense.

(^ (\hic ihesus dum isti accusant mulierem continue debet       #
digito suo
scribere in terra.\) ^)

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   Se we haue brought here to +gour presens
be-cawse +ge ben a wyse prophete
+tat +ge xal telle be consyens
What deth to hyre +ge thynke most mete.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   In moyses lawe ryght +tus we fynde
+tat such fals louers xul be slayn
streyte to a stake we xul hem bynde
and with grett stonys brest out +ter brayn
<P 207>
Of +gour concyens telle us +te playn
with +tis woman what xal be wrought
Shall we lete here go qwyte agayn
or to hire deth xal she be brought.

(^ (\Jhesus nichil respondit sed semper scrybyt in terra.\) ^)

(^ (\Mulier\) ^)
   Now holy prophete be mercyable
vpon me wrecch take no vengeaunce
Ffor my synnys Abhomynable
In hert I haue grett repentaunce
I am wel wurthy to haue myschaunce
Both bodyly deth and werdly shame
but gracyous prophete of socurraunce
+tis tyme pray +gow for goddys name.

(^Phariseus^)
   Ageyn +te lawe +tou dedyst offens
+terfore of grace speke +tou no more
As moyses gevyth in law sentens
+tou xalt be stonyd to deth +ter-fore.

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   Ha don sere prophete telle us +goure lore
xul we +tis woman with stonys kyll
or to hire hous hire home restore
In +tis mater tell us +gour wyll.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   In a colde stodye me thynkyth +ge sytt
good sere awake telle us +gour thought
xal she be stonyd telle us +gour wytt
or in what rewle xal sche be brought.

(^Jhesus^)
   Loke which of +gow +tat nevyr synne wrought
but is of lyff clennere +tan she
Cast at here stonys and spare here nowght
Clene out of synne if +tat +ge be.

(^ (\hic ihesus iterum se inclinans scribet in terra et omnes   #
accusatores
quasi confusi separatim in tribus locis se disiungent;\) ^)

<P 208>
(^Phariseus^)
   Alas Alas I am ashamyd
I am a-fferde +tat I xal deye
all myn synnys evyn propyrly namyd
+gon prophyte dede wryte be-for myn eye
Iff +tat my felawys +tat dude Aspye
they wyll telle it bothe ffer and wyde
my synfyll levynge if +tei out crye
I wot nevyr wher myn heed to hyde.

(^ (\Accusator\) ^)
   Alas for sorwe myn herte doth blede
All my synnes +gon man dude wryte
If +tat my felawys to them toke hede
I kan not me ffrom deth Acquyte
I wolde I wore hyd sum-where out of syght
+tat men xuld me no-where se ne knowe
Iff I be take I am afflyght
In mekyl shame I xal be throwe.

(^ (\Scriba\) ^)
   Alas +te tyme +tat +tis be-tyd
Ryght byttyr care doth me enbrace
All my synnys be now vnhyd
+gon man be-for me hem all doth trace
If I were onys out of +tis place
to suffyr deth gret and vengeauns Able
I wyl nevyr come be-for his face
+tow I xuld dye in a stable.

(^ (\Mulier\) ^)
   Thow I be wurthy ffor my trespas
to suffyr deth ab-homynable
+gitt holy prophete of +gour hy+g grace
In +gour jugement be mercyable
I wyl nevyr more be so vnstable
O holy prophete graunt me mercy
of myn synnys vnresonable
With all myn hert I am sory.

(^Jhesus^)
   Where be +ti fomen +tat dude +te Accuse
Why haue +tei left us to Alone.

<P 209>
(^ (\Mulier\) ^)
   By-cawse they cowde nat hemself excuse
With shame they ffled hens Euery-chone
But gracyous prophete lyst to my mone
of my sorwe take compassyon
now all myn enmyes hens be gone
Sey me sum wurde of consolacion.

(^Jhesus^)
   Ffor +to synnys +tat +tou hast wrought
hath Any man condempnyd the.

(^ (\Mulier\) ^)
   Nay for-soth +tat hath +ter nought
but in +gour grace I putt me.

(^Jhesus^)
   Ffor me +tou xalt nat condempnyd be
go hom A-geyn and walk at large
loke +tat +tou leve in honeste
and wyl no more to synne I +te charge.

(^ (\Mulier\) ^)
   I thanke +gow hy+gly holy prophete
Of +tis grett grace +ge haue me graunt
all my lewde lyff I xal doun lete
and ffonde to be goddys trewe servaunt.

(^Jhesus^)
   What man of synne be repentaunt
of god if he wyl mercy craue
God of mercy is so habundawnt
+tat what man haske it he xal it haue.

Whan man is contrite and hath wonne grace
God wele not kepe olde wreth in mynde
but bettyr loue to hem he has
Very contryte whan he them fynde 
Now god +tat dyed ffor all mankende
saue all +tese pepyl both nyght and day
and of oure synnys he us vnbynde
hy+ge lorde of hevyn +tat best may. 



<B CMMANKIN>
<Q M4 XX MYST MANK>
<N MANKIND>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EML>
<V VERSE>
<T DRAMA MYST>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  MANKIND.
THE MACRO PLAYS.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 262.
ED. M. ECCLES. 
LONDON, 1969. 
PP. 154.1 - 167.412.^]

<P 154>
[} [\SCENE I\] }] 

(^Mercy.^)
   The very fownder and begynner of owr fyrst creacyon
Amonge ws synfull wrechys he oweth to be magnyfyede,
+Tat for owr dysobedyenc he hade non indygnacyon
To sende hys own son to be torn and crucyfyede.
Owr obsequyouse seruyce to hym xulde be aplyede,
Where he was lorde of all and made all thynge of nought,
For +te synnfull synnere to hade hym revyuyde
And for hys redempcyon sett hys own son at nought.

Yt may be seyde and veryfyede, mankynde was dere bought.
By +te pytuose deth of Jhesu he hade hys remedye.
He was purgyde of hys defawte +tat wrechydly hade wrought
By hys gloryus passyon, +tat blyssyde lauatorye.
O souerence, I beseche yow yowr condycyons to rectyfye
Ande wyth humylite and reuerence to haue a remocyon
To +tis blyssyde prynce +tat owr nature doth gloryfye,
+Tat +ge may be partycypable of hys retribucyon.

I haue be +te very mene for yowr restytucyon.
Mercy ys my name, +tat mornyth for yowr offence.
Dyverte not yowrsylffe in tyme of temtacyon,
+Tat +ge may be acceptable to Gode at yowr goyng hence.
+Te grett mercy of Gode, +tat ys of most preemmynence,
Be medyacyon of Owr Lady +tat ys euer habundante
To +te synfull creature +tat wyll repent hys neglygence.
I prey Gode at yowr most nede +tat mercy be yowr
defendawnte.

In goode werkys I awyse yow, souerence, to be perseuerante
To puryfye yowr sowlys, +tat +tei be not corupte;
For yowr gostly enmy wyll make hys avaunte,
Yowr goode condycyons yf he may interrupte.

<P 155> 
O +ge souerens +tat sytt and +ge brothern +tat stonde ryght     #
wppe,
Pryke not yowr felycytes in thyngys transytorye.
Beholde not +te erth, but lyfte yowr ey wppe.
Se how +te hede +te members dayly do magnyfye.
Who ys +te hede forsoth I xall yow certyfye:
I mene Owr Sauyowr, +tat was lykynnyde to a lambe;
Ande hys sayntys be +te members +tat dayly he doth satysfye
Wyth +te precyose reuer +tat runnyth from hys wombe.

Ther ys non such foode, be water nor by londe,
So precyouse, so gloryouse, so nedefull to owr entent,
For yt hath dyssoluyde mankynde from +te bytter bonde
Of +te mortall enmye, +tat vemynousse serpente,
From +te wyche Gode preserue yow all at +te last jugement!
For sekyrly +ter xall be a streyt examynacyon,
The corn xall be sauyde, +te chaffe xall be brente.
I besech yow hertyly, haue +tis premedytacyon.

(^Myscheffe.^)
   I beseche yow hertyly, leue yowr calcacyon.
Leue yowr chaffe, leue yowr corn, leue yowr dalyacyon.
Yowr wytt ys lytyll, yowr hede ys mekyll, +ge are full of       #
predycacyon.
But, ser, I prey +tis questyon to claryfye:
Mysse-masche, dryff-draff,
Sume was corn and sume was chaffe,
My dame seyde my name was Raffe;
Onschett yowr lokke and take an halpenye.

(^Mercy.^)
   Why com +ge hethyr, bro+ter? +Ge were not dysyryde.
(^Myscheff.^)
   For a wynter corn-threscher, ser, I haue hyryde,
Ande +ge sayde +te corn xulde be sauyde and +te chaff xulde be
feryde,
Ande he prouyth nay, as yt schewth be +tis werse:
'Corn (\seruit bredibus\) , chaffe (\horsibus\) , straw         #
(\fyrybusque\) .'
Thys ys as moche to say, to yowr leude wndyrstondynge,
As +te corn xall serue to brede at +te nexte bakynge.
<P 156>
'Chaff (\horsybus et reliqua\) ,'
The chaff to horse xall be goode provente,
When a man ys forcolde +te straw may be brent,
And so forth, (\et cetera\) .

(^Mercy.^)
   Avoyde, goode bro+ter! +Ge ben culpable
To interrupte thus my talkyng delectable.
(^Myscheff.^)
   Ser, I haue no+ter horse nor sadyll,
Therfor I may not ryde.
(^Mercy.^)
   Hye yow forth on fote, brother, in Godys name!
(^Myscheff.^)
   I say, ser, I am cumme hedyr to make yow game.
+Get bade +ge me not go out in +te Deullys name
Ande I wyll abyde.

[\ONE LEAF IS MISSING\]

(^New Gyse.^)
   Ande how, mynstrellys, pley +te comyn trace!
Ley on wyth +ti ballys hys bely breste!

(^Nought.^)
   I putt case I breke my neke: how than?
(^New Gyse.^)
   I gyff no force, by Sent Tanne!
(^Nowadays.^)
   Leppe about lyuely! +tou art a wyght man.
Lett ws be mery wyll we be here!
(^Nought.^)
   Xall I breke my neke to schew yow sporte?
(^Nowadays.^)
   Therfor euer be ware of +ti reporte.
(^Nought.^)
   I beschrew ye all! Her ys a schrewde sorte.
Haue +teratt +ten wyth a mercy chere!

(^Her +tei daunce. Mercy seyth:^)
   Do wey, do wey +tis reull, sers! do wey!
(^Nowadays.^)
   Do wey, goode Adam? do wey?
Thys ys no parte of +ti pley.
(^Nought.^)
   +Gys, mary, I prey yow, for I loue not +tis rewelynge.
Cum forth, goode fader, I yow prey!
Be a lytyll +ge may assay.
Anon of wyth yowr clothes, yf +ge wyll play.
Go to! for I haue hade a praty scottlynge.

<P 157>
(^Mercy.^)
   Nay, brother, I wyll not daunce.
(^New Gyse.^)
   Yf +ge wyll, ser, my brother wyll make yow to prawnce.
(^Nowadays.^)
   Wyth all my herte, ser, yf I may yow avaunce.
+Ge may assay be a lytyll trace.
(^Nought.^)
   +Ge, ser, wyll +ge do well,
Trace not wyth +tem, be my cownsell,
For I haue tracyed sumwhat to fell;
I tell yt ys a narow space.

But, ser, I trow of ws thre I herde yow speke.
(^New Gyse.^)
   Crystys curse hade +terfor, for I was in slepe.
(^Nowadays.^)
   And I hade +te cuppe in my honde, redy to goo to
met.
Therfor, ser, curtly, grett yow well.
(^Mercy.^)
   Few wordys, few and well sett!
(^New Gyse.^)
   Ser, yt ys +te new gyse and +te new jett. 
Many wordys and schortely sett,
Thys ys +te new gyse, euery-dele.

(^Mercy.^)
   Lady, helpe! how wrechys delyte in +ter synfull weys!
(^Nowadays.^)
   Say not ageyn +te new gyse nowadays!
+Tou xall fynde ws schrewys at all assays.
Be ware! +ge may son lyke a bofett.
(^Mercy.^)
   He was well occupyede +tat browte yow brethern.
(^Nought.^)
   I harde yow call 'New Gyse, Nowadays, Nought,' all
+tes thre togethere.
Yf +ge sey +tat I lye, I xall make yow to slyther.
Lo, take yow here a trepett!

(^Mercy.^)
   Say me yowr namys, I know yow not.
(^New Gyse.^)
   New Gyse, I.
(^Nowadays.^)
   I, Nowadays.
(^Nought.^)
   I, Nought.
(^Mercy.^)
   Be Jhesu Cryst +tat me dere bowte
+Ge betray many men.
<P 158>
(^New Gyse.^)
   Betray! nay, nay, ser, nay, nay!
We make them both fresch and gay.
But of yowr name, ser, I yow prey,
That we may yow ken.

(^Mercy.^)
   Mercy ys my name by denomynacyon.
I conseyue +ge haue but a lytyll fauour in my communycacyon.
(^New Gyse.^)
   Ey, ey! yowr body ys full of Englysch Laten.
I am aferde yt wyll brest.
(\'Prauo te',\) quod +te bocher onto me
When I stale a leg a motun.
+Ge are a stronge cunnyng clerke.
(^Nowadays.^)
   I prey yow hertyly, worschyppull clerke,
To haue +tis Englysch mad in Laten:

'I haue etun a dyschfull of curdys,
Ande I haue schetun yowr mowth full of turdys.'
Now opyn yowr sachell wyth Laten wordys
Ande sey me +tis in clerycall manere!
Also I haue a wyf, her name ys Rachell;
Betuyx her and me was a gret batell;
Ande fayn of yow I wolde here tell
Who was +te most master.

(^Nought.^)
   Thy wyf Rachell, I dare ley twenti lyse.
(^Nowadays.^)
   Who spake to +te, foll? +tou art not wyse!
Go and do +tat longyth to +tin offyce:
(\Osculare fundamentum\) !
(^Nought.^)
   Lo, master, lo, here ys a pardon bely-mett.
Yt ys grawntyde of Pope Pokett,
Yf +ge wyll putt yowr nose in hys wyffys sokett,
+Ge xall haue forty days of pardon.

(^Mercy.^) 
   Thys ydyll language +ge xall repent.
Out of +tis place I wolde +ge went.
(^New Gyse.^)
   Goo we hens all thre wyth on assent.
My fadyr ys yrke of owr eloquence.
<P 159>
+Terfor I wyll no lenger tary.
Gode brynge yow, master, and blyssyde Mary
To +te number of +te demonycall frayry!

(^Nowadays.^)
   Cum wynde, cum reyn,
Thow I cumme neuer ageyn!
+Te Deull put out both yowr eyn!
Felouse, go we hens tyght.
(^Nought.^)
   Go we hens, a deull wey!
Here ys +te dore, her ys +te wey.
Farwell, jentyll Jaffrey,
I prey Gode gyf yow goode nyght!
(\Exiant simul. Cantent\)

(^Mercy.^)
   Thankyde be Gode, we haue a fayer dylyuerance
Of +tes thre onthryfty gestys.
They know full lytyll what ys +ter ordynance.
I preue by reson +tei be wers +ten bestys:

A best doth after hys naturall instytucyon;
+Ge may conseyue by there dysporte and behauour,
+Ter joy ande delyte ys in derysyon
Of her owyn Cryste to hys dyshonur.

Thys condycyon of leuyng, yt ys prejudycyall;
Be ware +terof, yt ys wers +tan ony felony or treson.
How may yt be excusyde befor +te Justyce of all
When for euery ydyll worde we must +gelde a reson?

They haue grett ease, +terfor +tei wyll take no thought.
But how +ten when +te angell of hewyn xall blow +te trumpe
Ande sey to +te transgressors +tat wykkydly hath wrought,
'Cum forth onto yowr Juge and +gelde yowr acownte'?

Then xall I, Mercy, begyn sore to wepe;
No+ter comfort nor cownsell +ter xall non be hade;
But such as +tei haue sowyn, such xall +tei repe.
+Tei be wanton now, but +ten xall +tei be sade.

<P 160>
The goode new gyse nowadays I wyll not dysalow.
I dyscomende +te vycyouse gyse; I prey haue me excusyde,
I nede not to speke of yt, yowr reson wyll tell it yow.
Take +tat ys to be takyn and leue +tat ys to be refusyde.

(^Mankynde.^)
   Of +te erth and of +te cley we haue owr propagacyon.
By +te prouydens of Gode +tus be we deryvatt,
To whos mercy I recomende +tis holl congrygacyon:
I hope onto hys blysse ye be all predestynatt.

Euery man for hys degre I trust xall be partycypatt,
Yf we wyll mortyfye owr carnall condycyon
Ande owr voluntarye dysyres, +tat euer be pervercyonatt,
To renunce +tem and yelde ws wnder Godys provycyon.

My name ys Mankynde. I haue my composycyon
Of a body and of a soull, of condycyon contrarye.
Betwyx +tem tweyn ys a grett dyvisyon;
He +tat xulde be subjecte, now he hath +te victory.

Thys ys to me a lamentable story
To se my flesch of my soull to haue gouernance.
Wher +te goodewyff ys master, +te goodeman may be sory.
I may both syth and sobbe, +tis ys a pytuose remembrance.

O thou my soull, so sotyll in thy substance,
Alasse, what was +ti fortune and +ti chaunce
To be assocyat wyth my flesch, +tat stynkyng dungehyll?

Lady, helpe! Souerens, yt doth my soull myche yll
To se +te flesch prosperouse and +te soull trodyn wnder fote.
I xall go to yondyr man and asay hym I wyll.
I trust of gostly solace he wyll be my bote.

All heyll, semely father! +Ge be welcom to +tis house.
Of +te very wysdam +ge haue partycypacyon.
My body wyth my soull ys euer querulose.
I prey yow, for sent charyte, of yowr supportacyon.

<P 161>
I beseche yow hertyly of yowr gostly comforte.
I am onstedfast in lywynge; my name ys Mankynde.
My gostly enmy +te Deull wyll haue a grett dysporte
In synfull gydynge yf he may se me ende.

(^Mercy.^)
   Cryst sende yow goode comforte! +Ge be welcum, my
frende.
Stonde wppe on yowr fete, I prey yow aryse.
My name ys Mercy; +ge be to me full hende.
To eschew vyce I wyll yow avyse.

(^Mankynde.^)
   O Mercy, of all grace and vertu +ge are +te well,
I haue herde tell of ryght worschyppfull clerkys.
+Ge be aproxymatt to Gode and nere of hys consell.
He hat instytut you aboue all hys werkys.

O, yowr louely wordys to my soull are swetere +ten hony.
(^Mercy.^)
   The temptacyon of +te flesch +ge must resyst lyke a man,
For +ter ys euer a batell betwyx +te soull and +te body:
(\'Vita hominis est milicia super terram.'\)

Oppresse yowr gostly enmy and be Crystys own knyght.
Be neuer a cowarde ageyn yowr aduersary.
Yf +ge wyll be crownyde, +ge must nedys fyght.
Intende well and Gode wyll be yow adjutory.

Remember, my frende, +te tyme of contynuance.
So helpe me Gode, yt ys but a chery tyme.
Spende yt well; serue Gode wyth hertys affyance.
Dystempure not yowr brayn wyth goode ale nor wyth wyn.

Mesure ys tresure. Y forbyde yow not +te vse.
Mesure yowrsylf euer; be ware of excesse.
+Te superfluouse gyse I wyll +tat +ge refuse,
When nature ys suffysyde, anon +tat +ge sese.

Yf a man haue an hors and kepe hym not to hye,
He may them reull hym at hys own dysyere.
Yf he be fede ouerwell he wyll dysobey
Ande in happe cast his master in +te myre.

<P 162>
(^New Gyse.^)
   +Ge sey trew, ser, +ge are no faytour.
I haue fede my wyff so well tyll sche ys my master.
I haue a grett wonde on my hede, lo! and +teron leyth a         #
playster,
Ande ano+ter +ter I pysse my peson.
Ande my wyf were yowr hors, sche wolde yow all to-banne.
+Ge fede yowr hors in mesure, +ge are a wyse man.
I trow, and +ge were +te kyngys palfreyman,
A goode horse xulde be gesunne.

(^Mankynde.^)
   Wher spekys +tis felow? Wyll he not com nere?
(^Mercy.^)
   All to son, my brother, I fere me, for yow.
He was here ryght now, by hym +tat bowte me dere,
Wyth o+ter of hys felouse, +tei kan moche sorow.

They wyll be here ryght son, yf I owt departe.
Thynke on my doctryne; yt xall be yowr defence.
Lerne wyll I am here, sett my wordys in herte.
Wythin a schorte space I must nedys hens.

(^Nowadays.^)
   +Te sonner +te leuer, and yt be ewyn anon!
I trow yowr name ys Do Lytyll, +ge be so long fro hom.
Yf +ge wolde go hens, we xall cum euerychon,
Mo +ten a goode sorte.
+Ge haue leve, I dare well say.
When +ge wyll, go forth yowr wey.
Men haue lytyll deynte of yowr pley
Because +ge make no sporte.

(^Nought.^)
   Yowr potage xall be forcolde, ser; when wyll +ge go dyn?
I haue sen a man lost twenti noblys in as lytyll tyme;
+Get yt was not I, be Sent Qwyntyn,
For I was neuer worth a pottfull a wortys sythyn I was born.
My name ys Nought. I loue well to make mery.
I haue be sethen wyth +te comyn tapster of Bury
And pleyde so longe +te foll +tat I am ewyn wery.
+Gyt xall I be +ter ageyn to-morn.

<P 163>
(^Mercy.^)
   I haue moche care for yow, my own frende.
Yowr enmys wyll be here anon, +tei make +ter avaunte.
Thynke well in yowr hert, yowr name ys Mankynde;
Be not wnkynde to Gode, I prey yow be hys seruante.

Be stedefast in condycyon; se +ge be not varyant.
Lose not thorow foly +tat ys bowte so dere.
Gode wyll proue yow son; ande yf +tat +ge be constant,
Of hys blysse perpetuall +ge xall be partener.

+Ge may not haue yowr intent at yowr fyrst dysyere.
Se +te grett pacyence of Job in tribulacyon;
Lyke as +te smyth trieth ern in +te feere,
So was he triede by Godys vysytacyon.

He was of yowr nature and of yowr fragylyte;
Folow +te steppys of hym, my own swete son,
Ande sey as he seyde in yowr trobyll and aduersyte:
(\'Dominus dedit, Dominus abstulit; sicut sibi placuit, ita     #
factum
est; nomen Domini benedictum!'\)

Moreouer, in specyall I gyue yow in charge,
Be ware of New Gyse, Nowadays, and Nought.
Nyse in +ter aray, in language +tei at large;
To perverte yowr condycyons all +te menys xall be sowte.

Gode son, intromytt not yowrsylff in +ter cumpeny.
+Tei harde not a masse +tis twelmonyth, I dare well say.
Gyff them non audyence; +tei wyll tell yow many a lye.
Do truly yowr labure and kepe yowr halyday.

Be ware of Tytivillus, for he lesyth no wey,
+Tat goth invysybull and wyll not be sen.
He wyll ronde in yowr ere and cast a nett befor yowr ey.
He ys worst of +tem all; Gode lett hym neuer then!

<P 164>
Yf +ge dysples Gode, aske mercy anon,
Ellys Myscheff wyll be redy to brace yow in hys brydyll.
Kysse me now, my dere darlynge. Gode schelde yow from yowr
fon!
Do truly yowr labure and be neuer ydyll.
The blyssynge of Gode be wyth yow all +tes worschyppull
men!
(^Mankynde.^)
   Amen, for sent charyte, amen!

Now blyssyde be Jhesu! my soull ys well sacyatt
Wyth +te mellyfluose doctryne of +tis worschyppfull man.
The rebellyn of my flesch now yt ys superatt,
Thankynge be Gode of +te commynge +tat I kam.

Her wyll I sytt tytyll in +tis papyr
The incomparable astat of my promycyon.
Worschypfull souerence, I haue wretyn here
The gloryuse remembrance of my nobyll condycyon.

To haue remos and memory of mysylff +tus wretyn yt ys,
To defende me from all superstycyus charmys:
(\'Memento, homo, quod cinis es et in cinerem reuerteris.'\)
Lo, I ber on my bryst +te bagge of myn armys.

(^New Gyse.^)
   The wether ys colde, Gode sende ws goode ferys!
(\'Cum sancto sanctus eris et cum peruerso peruerteris.'\)
(\'Ecce quam bonum et quam jocundum,'\) quod +te Deull to +te
frerys,
(\'Habitare fratres in vnum.'\)
(^Mankynde.^)
   I her a felow speke; wyth hym I wyll not mell.
Thys erth wyth my spade I xall assay to delffe.
To eschew ydyllnes, I do yt myn own selffe.
I prey Gode sende yt hys fusyon!

(^Nowadays.^)
   Make rom, sers, for we haue be longe!
We wyll cum gyf yow a Crystemes songe.

(^Nought.^)
   Now I prey all +te yemandry +tat ys here
To synge wyth ws wyth a mery chere:
<P 165>
Yt ys wretyn wyth a coll, yt ys wretyn wyth a cole,
(^New Gyse and Nowadays.^)
   Yt ys wretyn wyth a colle, yt ys
wretyn wyth a colle,
(^Nought.^)
   He +tat schytyth wyth hys hoyll, he +tat schytyth wyth 
hys hoyll,
(^New Gyse, Nowadays.^)
   He +tat schytyth wyth hys hoyll, he +tat
schytyth wyth his hoyll,
(^Nought.^)
   But he wyppe hys ars clen, byt he wyppe hys ars clen,
(^New Gyse, Nowadays.^) 
   But he wype hys ars clen, but he wype
his ars clen,
(^Nought.^)
   On hys breche yt xall be sen, on hys breche yt xall be
sen.
(^New Gyse, Nowadays.^)
   On hys breche yt xall be sen, on hys
breche yt xall be sen.
(\Cantant\) (^ (\omnes.\) ^) Hoylyke, holyke, holyke! holyke,   #
holyke, holyke!

(^New Gyse.^)
   Ey, Mankynde, Gode spede yow wyth yowr spade!
I xall tell yow of a maryage:
I wolde yowr mowth and hys ars +tat +tis made
Wer maryede junctly together.
(^Mankynde.^)
   Hey yow hens, felouse, wyth bredynge.
Leue yowr derysyon and yowr japyng.
I must nedys labure, yt ys my lyvynge.
(^Nowadays.^)
   What, ser, we cam but lat hethyr.

Xall all +tis corn grow here
+Tat +ge xall haue +te nexte +ger?
Yf yt be so, corn hade nede be dere,
Ellys +ge xall haue a pore lyffe.
(^Nought.^)
   Alasse, goode fadere, +tis labor fretyth yow to +te bon.
But for yowr croppe I take grett mone.
+Ge xall neuer spende yt alonne;
I xall assay to geett yow a wyffe.

How many acres suppose +ge here by estymacyon?
(^New Gyse.^)
   Ey, how +ge turne +te erth wppe and down!
I haue be in my days in many goode town
+Gett saw I neuer such another tyllynge.
<P 166>
(^Mankynde.^)
   Why stonde ye ydyll? Yt ys pety +tat +ge were born!
(^Nowadays.^)
   We xall bargen wyth yow and no+ter moke nor
scorne.
Take a goode carte in herwest and lode yt wyth yowr corne,
Ande what xall we gyf yow for +te levynge?

(^Nought.^)
   He ys a goode starke laburrer, he wolde fayn do well.
He hath mett wyth +te goode man Mercy in a schroude sell.
For all +tis he may haue many a hungry mele.
+Gyt woll +ge se he ys polytyke.
Here xall be goode corn, he may not mysse yt;
Yf he wyll haue reyn he may ouerpysse yt;
Ande yf he wyll haue compasse he may ouerblysse yt
A lytyll wyth hys ars lyke.

(^Mankynde.^)
   Go and do yowr labur! Gode lett yow neuer the!
Or wyth my spade I xall yow dynge, by +te Holy Trinyte!
Haue +ge non other man to moke, but euer me?
+Ge wolde haue me of yowr sett?
Hye yow forth lyuely, for hens I wyll yow dryffe.
(^New Gyse.^)
   Alas, my jewellys! I xall be schent of my wyff!
(^Nowadays.^)
   Alasse! and I am lyke neuer for to thryue,
I haue such a buffett.
(^Mankynde.^)
   Hens I sey, New Gyse, Nowadays, and Nowte!
Yt was seyde beforn, all +te menys xuld be sought
To perverte my condycyons and brynge me to nought.
Hens, thevys! +Ge haue made many a lesynge.
(^Nought.^)
   Marryde I was for colde, but now am I warme. 
+Ge are ewyll avysyde, ser, for +ge haue don harme.
By cokkys body sakyrde, I haue such a peyn in my arme
I may not chonge a man a ferthynge.

(^Mankynde.^)
   Now I thanke Gode, knelynge on my kne.
Blyssyde be hys name! he ys of hye degre.
By +te subsyde of hys grace +tat he hath sente me
Thre of myn enmys I haue putt to flyght.
+Gyt +tis instrument, souerens, ys not made to defende.
Dauide seyth, (\'Nec in hasta nec in gladio saluat Dominus.'\)
<P 167>
(^Nought.^)
   No, mary, I beschrew yow, yt ys in spadibus.
Therfor Crystys curse cum on yowr hedybus
To sende yow lesse myght!
(\Exiant\)

(^Mankynde.^)
   I promytt yow +tes felouse wyll no more cum here,
For summe of +tem, certenly, were summewhat to nere.
My fadyr Mercy avysyde me to be of a goode chere
Ande agayn my enmys manly for to fyght.

I xall convycte +tem, I hope, euerychon.
+Get I say amysse, I do yt not alon.
Wyth +te helpe of +te grace of Gode I resyst my fon
Ande +ter malycyuse herte.
Wyth my spade I wyll departe, my worschyppull souerence,
Ande lyue euer wyth labure to corecte my insolence.
I xall go fett corn for my londe; I prey yow of pacyence;
Ryght son I xall reverte.



<B CMTOWNEL>
<Q M4 XX MYST TOWN>
<N TOWNELEY PLAYS>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D NL>
<V VERSE>
<T DRAMA MYST>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE WAKEFIELD PAGEANTS
IN THE TOWNELEY CYCLE.
OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH TEXTS.
ED. A. C. CAWLEY.
MANCHESTER: THE MANCHESTER
UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1958.
PP. 14.1 - 28.559^]

<P 14>
[} (\PROCESSUS NOE CUM FILIIS.\) WAKEFELD}]

(^Noe          (\Primus Filius   Prima Mulier\) ^)
(^ (\Deus      Secundus Filius   Secunda Mulier\) ^)
(^ (\Vxor Noe  Tercius Filius    Tercia Mulier\) ^)

[\Noah, alone, prays to God:\]

(^Noe.^)
   Myghtfull God veray, maker of all that is,
Thre persons withoutten nay, oone God in endles blis,
Thou maide both nyght and day, beest, fowle, and fysh;
All creatures that lif may wroght thou at thi wish,
As thou wel myght.
The son, the moyne, verament,
Thou maide; the firmament;
The sternes also full feruent,
To shyne thou maide ful bright.

Angels thou maide ful euen, all orders that is,
To haue the blis in heuen: this did thou more and les,
Full mervelus to neuen. Yit was ther vnkyndnes
More bi foldys seuen then I can well expres,
Forwhi
Of all angels in brightnes
God gaf Lucifer most lightnes,
Yit prowdly he flyt his des,
And set hym euen hym by.

He thoght hymself as worthi as hym that hym made,
In brightnes, in bewty; therfor he hym degrade,
Put hym in a low degre` soyn after, in a brade,
Hym and all his menye, wher he may be vnglad
For euer.
Shall thay neuer wyn away
Hence vnto domysday,
Bot burn in bayle for ay;
Shall thay neuer dysseuer.

Soyne after, that gracyous Lord to his liknes maide man,
That place to be restord, euen as he began;
<P 15>
Of the Trinite` bi accord, Adam, and Eue that woman,
To multiplie without discord, in Paradise put he thaym,
And sithen to both
Gaf in commaundement
On the tre of life to lay no hend.
Bot yit the fals feynd
Made hym with man wroth,

Entysyd man to glotony, styrd him to syn in pride.
Bot in Paradise, securly, myght no syn abide;
And therfor man full hastely was put out in +tat tyde,
In wo and wandreth for to be, in paynes full vnrid
To knowe:
Fyrst in erth, and sythen in hell
With feyndys for to dwell,
Bot he his mercy mell
To those that will hym trawe.

Oyle of mercy he hus hight, as I haue hard red,
To euery lifyng wight that wold luf hym and dred;
Bot now before his sight euery liffyng leyde,
Most party day and nyght, syn in word and dede
Full bold:
Som in pride, ire, and enuy,
Som in couetous and glotyny,
Som in sloth and lechery,
And other wise manyfold.

Therfor I drede lest God on vs will take veniance,
For syn is now alod, without any repentance.
Sex hundreth yeris and od haue I, without distance,
In erth, as any sod, liffyd with grete grevance
Allway;
And now I wax old,
Seke, sory, and cold;
As muk apon mold
I widder away.

Bot yit will I cry for mercy and call:
Noe, thi seruant, am I, Lord ouer all!
Therfor me, and my fry shal with me fall,
Saue from velany, and bryng to thi hall
In heuen;
<P 16>
And kepe me from syn
This warld within.
Comly kyng of mankyn,
I pray the here my stevyn!

[\God speaks from above:\]
(^ (\Deus.\) ^)
   Syn I haue maide all thyng that is liffand,
Duke, emperour, and kyng, with myne awne hand,
For to haue thare likyng bi see and bi sand,
Euery man to my bydyng shuld be bowand
Full feruent,
That maide man sich a creatoure,
Farest of favoure;
Man must luf me paramoure
By reson, and repent.

Me thoght I shewed man luf when I made hym to be
All angels abuf, like to the Trynyte`;
And now in grete reprufe full low ligys he,
In erth hymself to stuf with syn that displeasse me
Most of all.
Veniance will I take
In erth for syn sake;
My grame thus will I wake
Both of grete and small.

I repente full sore that euer maide I man;
Bi me he settys no store, and I am his soferan.
I will distroy therfor both beest, man, and woman:
All shall perish, les and more. That bargan may thay ban
That ill has done.
In erth I se right noght
Bot syn that is vnsoght;
Of those that well has wroght
Fynd I bot a fone.

Therfor shall I fordo all this medill-erd
With floodys that shal flo and ryn with hidous rerd.
I haue good cause therto; for me no man is ferd.
As I say shal I do - of veniance draw my swerd,
And make end
Of all that beris life,
Sayf Noe and his wife,
For thay wold neuer stryfe
With me then me offend

<P 17>
Hym to mekill wyn, hastly will I go
To Noe my seruand, or I blyn, to warn hym of his wo.
In erth I se bot syn reynand to and fro
Emang both more and myn, ichon other fo
With all thare entent.
All shall I fordo
With floodys that shall floo;
Wirk shall I thaym wo
That will not repent.

[\God descends and addresses Noah:\]
Noe, my freend, I the commaund, from cares the to keyle,
A ship that thou ordand of nayle and bord ful wele.
Thou was alway well-wirkand, to me trew as stele,
To my bydyng obediand; frendship shal thou fele
To mede.
Of lennthe thi ship be
Thre hundreth cubettys, warn I the;
Of heght euen thirte`;
Of fyfty als in brede.

Anoynt thi ship with pik and tar without and als within,
The water out to spar: this is a noble gyn.
Look no man the mar. Thre chese chambres begyn;
Thou must spend many a spar, this wark or thou wyn
To end fully.
Make in thi ship also
Parloures oone or two,
And houses of offyce mo
For beestys that ther must be.

Oone cubite on hight a wyndo shal thou make;
On the syde a doore, with slyght, beneyth shal thou take.
With the shal no man fyght, nor do the no kyn wrake.
When all is doyne thus right, thi wife, that is thi make,
Take in to the;
Thi sonnes of good fame,
Sem, Iaphet, and Came,
Take in also thame,
Thare wifys also thre.

For all shal be fordone that lif in land, bot ye,
With floodys that from abone shal fall, and that plente`.
<P 18>
It shall begyn full sone to rayn vncessantle`,
After dayes seuen be done, and induyr dayes fourty,
Withoutten fayll.
Take to thi ship also
Of ich kynd beestys two,
Mayll and femayll, bot no mo,
Or thou pull vp thi sayll;

For thay may the avayll when al this thyng is wroght.
Stuf thi ship with vitayll, for hungre that ye perish noght.
Of beestys, foull, and catayll - for thaym haue thou in thoght  #
- 
For thaym is my counsayll that som socour be soght
In hast;
Thay must haue corn and hay
And oder mete alway.
Do now as I the say,
In the name of the Holy Gast.

(^Noe.^)
   A, benedicite! what art thou that thus
Tellys afore that shall be? Thou art full mervelus!
Tell me, for charite`, thi name so gracius.
(^ (\Deus.\) ^)
   My name is of dignyte`, and also full glorius
To knowe:
I am God most myghty,
Oone God in Trynyty,
Made the and ich man to be;
To luf me well thou awe.

(^Noe.^)
   I thank the, Lord so dere, that wold vowchsayf
Thus low to appere to a symple knafe.
Blis vs, Lord, here, for charite` I hit crafe;
The better may we stere the ship that we shall hafe,
Certayn.
(^ (\Deus.\) ^)
   Noe, to the and to thi fry
My blyssyng graunt I;
Ye shall wax and multiply
And fill the erth agane,

When all thise floodys ar past, and fully gone away.  
(^ (\Exit Deus.\) ^)
(^Noe.^)
   Lord, homward will I hast as fast as that I may;
My wife will I frast what she will say,
And I am agast that we get som fray
Betwixt vs both, 
<P 19>
For she is full tethee,
For litill oft angre`;
If any thyng wrang be,
Soyne is she wroth.

(^ (\Tunc perget ad vxorem.\) ^)
God spede, dere wife! How fayre ye?
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Now, as euer myght I thryfe, the wars I the see.
Do tell me belife, where has thou thus long be?
To dede may we dryfe, or lif, for the,
For want.
When we swete or swynk,
Thou dos what thou thynk,
Yit of mete and of drynk
Haue we veray skant.

(^Noe.^)
   Wife, we ar hard sted with tythyngys new.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Bot thou were worthi be cled in Stafford blew,
For thou art alway adred, be it fals or trew.
Bot God knowes I am led - and that may I rew - 
Full ill;
For I dar be thi borow,
From euen vnto morow
Thou spekys euer of sorow;
God send the onys thi fill!

[\To the women in the audience:\]
We women may wary all ill husbandys;
I haue oone, bi Mary that lowsyd me of my bandys!
If he teyn, I must tary, howsoeuer it standys,
With seymland full sory, wryngand both my handys
For drede;
Bot yit otherwhile,
What with gam and with gyle,
I shall smyte and smyle,
And qwite hym his mede.

(^Noe.^)
   We! hold thi tong, ram-skyt, or shall the still.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   By my thryft, if thou smyte, I shal turne the vntill.
(^Noe.^)
   We shall assay as tyte. Haue at the, Gill!
Apon the bone shal it byte.
[\Strikes her.\]
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   A, so! Mary, thou smytys ill!
Bot I suppose
I shal not in thi det
Flyt of this flett:
<P 20>
Take the ther a langett
To tye vp thi hose!
[\Strikes him.\]

(^Noe.^)
   A! wilt thou so? Mary, that is myne!
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Thou shal thre for two, I swere bi Godys pyne!
(^Noe.^)
   And I shall qwyte the tho, in fayth, or syne.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Out apon the, ho!
(^Noe.^)
   Thou can both byte and whyne
With a rerd;
For all if she stryke,
[\To the audience.\]
Yit fast will she skryke;
In fayth, I hold none slyke
In all medill-erd.

Bot I will kepe charyte`, for I haue at do.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Here shal no man tary the; I pray the go to!
Full well may we mys the, as euer haue I ro.
To spyn will I dres me.
[\Sits down to spin.\]
(^Noe.^)
   We! fare well, lo;
Bot, wife,
Pray for me besele`
To eft I com vnto the.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Euen as thou prays for me,
As euer myght I thrife.

(^Noe.^)
   I tary full lang fro my warke, I traw;
Now my gere will I fang, and thederward draw.
[\Goes off to his shipwrighting.\]
I may full ill gang, the soth for to knaw;
Bot if God help amang, I may sit downe daw
To ken.
Now assay will I
How I can of wrightry,
(\In nomine patris, et filii,
Et spiritus sancti. Amen.\)

To begyn of this tree my bonys will I bend;
I traw from the Trynyte` socoure will be send.
It fayres full fayre, thynk me, this wark to my hend;
Now blissid be he that this can amend.
Lo, here the lenght,
[\Takes measurements.\]
Thre hundreth cubettys euenly;
Of breed, lo, is it fyfty;
<P 21>
The heght is euen thyrty
Cubettys full strenght.

Now my gowne will I cast, and wyrk in my cote;
Make will I the mast or flyt oone foote.
A! my bak, I traw, will brast! This is a sory note!
Hit is wonder that I last, sich an old dote,
All dold,
To begyn sich a wark.
My bonys ar so stark:
No wonder if thay wark,
For I am full old.

The top and the sayll both will I make;
The helme and the castell also will I take;
To drife ich a nayll will I not forsake.
This gere may neuer fayll, that dar I vndertake
Onone.
This is a nobull gyn:
Thise nayles so thay ryn
Thoro more and myn,
Thise bordys ichon.

Wyndow and doore, euen as he saide;
Thre ches chambre, thay ar well maide;
Pyk and tar full sure therapon laide.
This will euer endure, thereof am I paide,
Forwhy
It is better wroght
Then I coude haif thoght.
Hym that maide all of noght
I thank oonly.

[\Goes to his wife, his sons and their wives.\]
Now will I hy me, and nothyng be leder,
My wife and my meneye to bryng euen heder.
Tent hedir tydely, wife, and consider;
Hens must vs fle, all sam togeder,
In hast.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Whi, syr, what alis you?
Who is that asalis you?
To fle it avalis you
And ye be agast.
<P 22>
(^Noe.^)
   Ther is garn on the reyll other, my dame.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Tell me that ich a deyll, els get ye blame.
(^Noe.^)
   He that cares may keill - blissid be his name! - 
He has behete, for oure seyll, to sheld vs fro shame;
And sayd
All this warld aboute
With floodys so stoute,
That shall ryn on a route,
Shall be ouerlaide.

He saide all shall be slayn, bot oonely we,
Oure barnes that ar bayn, and thare wifys thre.
A ship he bad me ordayn, to safe vs and oure fee;
Therfor with all oure mayn thank we that fre,
Beytter of bayll.
Hy vs fast, go we thedir.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   I wote neuer whedir;
I dase and I dedir
For ferd of that tayll.

(^Noe.^)
   Be not aferd. Haue done; trus sam oure gere,
That we be ther or none, without more dere.
(^ (\1 Filius.\) ^)
   It shall be done full sone. Brether, help to bere.
(^ (\2 Filius.\) ^)
   Full long shall I not hoyne to do my devere.
Brether, sam.
(^ (\3 Filius.\) ^)
   Without any yelp,
At my myght shall I help.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Yit, for drede of a skelp,
Help well thi dam!

[\They cross to the Ark, and all but (\Uxor\) go on board.\]
(^Noe.^)
   Now ar we there as we shuld be.
Do get in oure gere, oure catall and fe,
Into this vessell here, my chylder fre.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   I was neuer bard ere, as euer myght I the,
In sich an oostre` as this!
In fath, I can not fynd
Which is before, which is behynd.
Bot shall we here be pynd,
Noe, as haue thou blis?

(^Noe.^)
   Dame, as it is skill, here must vs abide grace;
Therfor, wife, with good will com into this place.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Sir, for Iak nor for Gill will I turne my face,
<P 23>
Till I haue on this hill spon a space
On my rok.
Well were he myght get me!
Now will I downe set me;
[\Sits down to spin.\]
Yit reede I no man let me,
For drede of a knok.

[\Noah speaks to her from the Ark:\]
(^Noe.^)
   Behold to the heuen! The cateractes all,
Thai ar open full euen, grete and small,
And the planettys seuen left has thare stall.
Thise thoners and levyn downe gar fall
Full stout
Both halles and bowers,
Castels and towres.
Full sharp ar thise showers
That renys aboute.

Therfor, wife, haue done; com into ship fast.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Yei, Noe, go cloute thi shone! The better will thai last.
(^ (\1 Mulier.\) ^)
   Good moder, com in sone, for all is ouercast,
Both the son and the mone.
(^ (\2 Mulier.\) ^)
   And many wynd-blast
Full sharp.
Thise floodys so thay ryn;
Therfor, moder, com in.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   In fayth, yit will I spyn;
All in vayn ye carp.

(^ (\3 Mulier.\) ^)
   If ye like ye may spyn, moder, in the ship.
(^Noe.^)
   Now is this twyys com in, dame, on my frenship.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Wheder I lose or I wyn, in fayth, thi felowship,
Set I not at a pyn. This spyndill will I slip
Apon this hill
Or I styr oone fote.
(^Noe.^)
   Peter! I traw we dote.
Without any more note,
Com in if ye will.

(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Yei, water nyghys so nere that I sit not dry;
Into ship with a byr, therfor, will I hy
For drede that I drone here.
[\Rushes into the ship.\]
(^Noe.^)
   Dame, securly,
It bees boght full dere ye abode so long by
Out of ship.
<P 24>
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   I will not, for thi bydyng,
Go from doore to mydyng.
(^Noe.^)
   In fayth, and for youre long taryyng
Ye shal lik on the whyp.

(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Spare me not, I pray the, bot euen as thou thynk;
Thise grete wordys shall not flay me.
(^Noe.^)
   Abide, dame, and drynk,
For betyn shall thou be with this staf to thou stynk.
Ar strokys good? say me.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   What say ye, Wat Wynk?
(^Noe.^)
   Speke!
Cry me mercy, I say!
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Therto say I nay.
(^Noe.^)
   Bot thou do, bi this day,
Thi hede shall I breke!

[\ (\Uxor\) addresses the women in the audience:\]
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Lord, I were at ese, and hertely full hoylle,
Might I onys haue a measse of wedows coyll.
For thi saull, without lese, shuld I dele penny doyll;
So wold mo, no frese, that I se on this sole
Of wifys that ar here,
For the life that thay leyd,
Wold thare husbandys were dede;
For, as euer ete I brede,
So wold I oure syre were!

[\Noah addresses the men in the audience:\]
(^Noe.^)
   Yee men that has wifys, whyls thay ar yong,
If ye luf youre lifys, chastice thare tong,
Me thynk my hert ryfys, both levyr and long,
To se sich stryfys, wedmen emong.
Bot I,
As haue I blys,
Shall chastyse this.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Yit may ye mys,
Nicholl Nedy!

(^Noe.^)
   I shall make +te still as stone, begynnar of blunder!
I shall bete the bak and bone, and breke all in sonder.
[\They fight.\]
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Out, alas, I am gone! Oute apon the, mans wonder!
(^Noe.^)
   Se how she can grone, and I lig vnder!
Bot, wife,
In this hast let vs ho,
<P 25>
For my bak is nere in two.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   And I am bet so blo
That I may not thryfe.

(^ (\1 Filius.\) ^)
   A! whi fare ye thus, fader and moder both?
(^ (\2 Filius.\) ^)
   Ye shuld not be so spitus, standyng in sich a woth.
(^ (\3 Filius.\) ^)
   Thise weders ar so hidus, with many a cold coth.
(^Noe.^)
   We will do as ye bid vs; we will no more be wroth,
Dere barnes.
Now to the helme will I hent,
[\Goes to the tiller.\]
And to my ship tent.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   I se on the firmament,
Me thynk, the seven starnes.

(^Noe.^)
   This is a grete flood, wife, take hede.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   So me thoght, as I stode. We ar in grete drede;
Thise wawghes ar so wode.
(^Noe.^)
   Help, God, in this nede!
As thou art stere-man good, and best, as I rede,
Of all,
Thou rewle vs in this rase,
As thou me behete hase.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   This is a perlous case.
Help, God, when we call!

(^Noe.^)
   Wife, tent the stere-tre, and I shall asay
The depnes of the see that we bere, if I may.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   That shall I do ful wysely. Now go thi way,
For apon this flood haue we flett many day
With pyne.
(^Noe.^)
   Now the water will I fownd:
[\Lowers a plummet.\]
A! it is far to the grownd.
This trauell I expownd
Had I to tyne.

Aboue all hillys bedeyn the water is rysen late
Cubettys xv. Bot in a highter state
It may not be, I weyn, for this well I wate:
This fourty dayes has rayn beyn; it will therfor abate
Full lele.
This water in hast
Eft will I tast;
[\Lowers plummet again.\]
<P 26>
Now am I agast - 
It is wanyd a grete dele!

Now ar the weders cest, and cateractes knyt,
Both the most and the leest.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Me thynk, bi my wit,
The son shynes in the eest. Lo, is not yond it?
We shuld haue a good feest, were thise floodys flyt
So spytus.
(^Noe.^)
   We haue been here, all we,
CCC dayes and fyfty.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Yei, now wanys the see;
Lord, well is vs!

[\Noah prepares to lower plummet a third time.\]
(^Noe.^)
   The thryd tyme will I prufe what depnes we bere.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   How long shall thou hufe? Lay in thy lyne there.
(^Noe.^)
   I may towch with my lufe the grownd evyn here.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Then begynnys to grufe to vs mery chere.
Bot, husband,
What grownd may this be?
(^Noe.^)
   The hyllys of Armonye.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Now blissid be he
That thus for vs ordand!

(^Noe.^)
   I see toppys of hyllys he, many at a syght;
Nothyng to let me, the wedir is so bright.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Thise ar of mercy tokyns full right.
(^Noe.^)
   Dame, thi counsell me what fowll best myght
And cowth
With flight of wyng
Bryng, without taryyng,
Of mercy som tokynyng,
Ayther bi north or southe.

For this is the fyrst day of the tent moyne.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   The ravyn, durst I lay, will com agane sone.
As fast as thou may, cast hym furth - haue done!
[\Noah sends out the raven.\]
He may happyn to-day com agane or none
With grath.
(^Noe.^)
   I will cast out also
Dowfys oone or two.
<P 27>
Go youre way, go;
[\Sends out the doves.\]
God send you som wathe!

Now ar thise fowles flone into seyr countre`.
Pray we fast ichon, kneland on oure kne,
To hym that is alone, worthiest of degre`,
That he wold send anone oure fowles som fee
To glad vs.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Thai may not fayll of land,
The water is so wanand.
(^Noe.^)
   Thank we God all-weldand,
That Lord that made vs!

It is a wonder thyng, me thynk, sothle`,
Thai ar so long taryyng, the fowles that we
Cast out in the mornyng.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Syr, it may be
Thai tary to thay bryng.
(^Noe.^)
   The ravyn is a-hungrye
Allway.
He is without any reson;
And he fynd any caryon,
As peraventure may be fon,
He will not away.

The dowfe is more gentill: her trust I vntew,
Like vnto the turtill, for she is ay trew.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Hence bot a litill she commys, lew, lew!
She bryngys in her bill som novels new.
Behald!
It is of an olif-tre
A branch, thynkys me.
(^Noe.^)
   It is soth, perde`;
Right so is it cald.

Doufe, byrd full blist, fayre myght the befall!
Thou art trew for to trist as ston in the wall;
Full well I it wist thou wold com to thi hall.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   A trew tokyn ist we shall be sauyd all,
Forwhi
The water, syn she com,
Of depnes plom
Is fallen a fathom
And more, hardely.
<P 28>
(^ (\1 Filius.\) ^)
   Thise floodys ar gone, fader, behold!
(^ (\2 Filius.\) ^)
   Ther is left right none, and that be ye bold.
(^ (\3 Filius.\) ^)
   As still as a stone oure ship is stold.
(^Noe.^)
   Apon land here anone that we were, fayn I wold.
My childer dere,
Sem, Iaphet and Cam,
With gle and with gam,
Com go we all sam;
We will no longer abide here.

[\They all leave the Ark.\]
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Here haue we beyn, Noy, long enogh
With tray and with teyn, and dreed mekill wogh.
(^Noe.^)
   Behald on this greyn! Nowder cart ne plogh
Is left, as I weyn, nowder tre then bogh,
Ne other thyng,
Bot all is away;
Many castels, I say,
Grete townes of aray,
Flitt has this flowyng.

(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   Thise floodys not afright all this warld so wide
Has mevid with myght on se and bi side.
(^Noe.^)
   To dede ar thai dyght, prowdist of pryde,
Euerich a wyght that euer was spyde
With syn:
All ar thai slayn,
And put vnto payn.
(^ (\Vxor.\) ^)
   From thens agayn
May thai neuer wyn?

(^Noe.^)
   Wyn? No, iwis, bot he that myght hase
Wold myn of thare mys, and admytte thaym to grace.
As he in bayll is blis, I pray hym in this space,
In heven hye with his to purvaye vs a place,
That we,
With his santys in sight,
And his angels bright,
May com to his light.
Amen, for charite`.

(^ (\Explicit processus Noe.\) ^)



<B CMYORK>
<Q M4 XX MYST YORK>
<N YORK PLAYS>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D NL>
<V VERSE>
<T DRAMA MYST>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^THE YORK PLAYS.
ED. R. BEADLE.
LONDON: EDWARD ARNOLD LTD, 1982.
PP. 58.1  - 73.168  (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 117.1 - 124.305 (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 58>
[} [\III THE CARDMAKERS\] }]

[} [\THE CREATION OF ADAM AND EVE\] }] 

(^ (\Deus\) ^)
   In heuyn and erthe duly bedene
Of v days werke, euyn onto ende,
I haue complete by curssis clene;
Methynke +te space of +tame well spende.

In heuyn er angels fayre and brighte,
Sternes and planetis +ter curssis to ga,
+Te mone seruis onto +te nyght
The son to lyghte +te day alswa.

In erthe is treys and gres to springe,
Bestis and foulys, bothe gret and smalle,
<P 59>
Fyschis in flode, all othyr thyng
Thryffe and haue my blyssyng all.

Thys werke is wroght now at my will,
But +get can I here no best see
+Tat acordys be kynde and skyll,
And for my werke myght worschippe me.

For perfytt werke ne ware it nane
But ought ware made +tat myght it +geme,
For loue mad I +tis warlde alane,
+Terfor my loffe sall in it seme.

To kepe +tis warlde, bothe mare and lesse,
A skylfull best +tane will I make
Eftyr my schape and my lyknes,
The wilke sall worschipe to me take.

Off +te symplest part of erthe +tat is here
I sall make man, and for +tis skylle:
For to abate hys hauttande chere,
Bothe his gret pride and o+ter ille;

And also for to haue in mynde
How simpyll he is at hys makyng,
For als febyll I sall hym fynde
Qwen he is dede at his endyng.

For +tis reson and skyll alane
I sall make man lyke onto me.
Ryse vp, +tou erthe, in blode and bane,
In schape of man, I commaunde +te.

A female sall +tou haue to fere,
Her sall I make of +ti lyft rybe,
Alane so sall +tou nough be here
Withoutyn faythefull frende and sybe.

Takys now here +te gast of lyffe
And ressayue both +goure saules of me;
<P 60>
+Tis femall take +tou to +ti wyffe,
Adam and Eue +gour names sall be.

(^Adam^)
   A, lorde, full mekyll is +ti mighte
And +tat is sene in ilke a syde,
For now his here a ioyful syght
To se +tis worlde so lange and wyde.

Mony diueris thyngis now here es,
Off bestis and foulis bathe wylde and tame;
+Get is nan made to +ti liknes
But we alone - A, louyd by +ti name.

(^Eue^) 
   To swylke a lorde in all degre`
Be euirmore lastande louynge,
+Tat tyll vs swylke a dyngnite`
Has gyffyne before all othyr thynge;

And selcouth thyngis may we se here
Of +tis ilke warld so lange and brade,
With bestis and fowlis so many and sere;
Blessid be he +tat hase us made.
(^Adam^)
   A, blyssid lorde, now at +ti wille
Syne we er wroght, wochesaff to telle
And also say vs two vntyll
Qwate we sall do and whare to dewell?

(^ (\Deus\) ^)
   For +tis skyl made I +gow +tis day,
My name to worschip ay-whare;
Louys me, for+ti, and louys me ay
For my makyng, I axke no mare.

Bothe wys and witty sall +tou be,
Als man +tat I haue made of noght;
Lordschipe in erthe +tan graunt I +te,
All thynge to serue +te +tat I haue wroght.

<P 61>
In paradyse sall +ge same wone,
Of erthely thyng get +ge no nede,
Ille and gude both sall +ge kone,
I sall +gou lerne +goure lyue to lede.

(^Adam^)
   A, lorde, sene we sall do no thyng
But louffe +te for +ti gret gudnesse,
We sall ay bay to +ti biddyng
And fulfyll it, both more and less.

(^Eue^)
   His syng sene he has on vs sett
Beforne all othir thyng certayne,
Hym for to loue we sall noght lett
And worschip hym with myght and and mayne.

(^ (\Deus\) ^)
   At heuyne and erth first I begane
And vj days wroght or I walde ryst;
My warke is endyde now at mane,
All lykes me will, but +tis is best.

My blyssyng haue +tai euer and ay.
The seueynt day sall my restyng be,
+Tus wille I sese, sothely to say,
Of my doying in +tis degre`.

To blys I sall +gow bryng,
Comys forth, +ge tow, with me;
+Ge sall lyffe in lykyng - 
My blyssyng with +gow be. Amen.

<P 62>
[} [\IV THE FULLERS\] }]

[} [\ADAM AND EVE IN EDEN\] }]


(^ (\Deus\) ^)
   Adam and Eve, this is the place
That I haue graunte you of my grace
To haue your wonnyng in.
Erbes, spyce, frute on tree,
Beastes, fewles, all that ye see
Shall bowe to you, more and myn.
This place hight paradyce,
Here shall your joys begynne;
And yf that ye be wyse,
Frome thys tharr ye never twyn.

All your wyll here shall ye haue,
Lykyng for to eate or sayff
Fyshe, fewle or fee;
And for to take at your owen wyll
All other creatours also theretyll,
Your suggettes shall they bee.
Adam, of more and lesse,
Lordeship in erthe here graunte I the;
Thys place that worthy is,
Kepe it in honestye.

Looke that ye +gem ytt wetterly;
All other creatours shall multeply,
Ylke one in tender hower.
Looke that ye bothe saue and sett
Erbes and treys; for nothyng lett,
So that ye may endower
To susteyn beast and man,
And fewll of ylke stature.
Dwell here yf that ye cann,
This shall be your endowre.

(^Adam^)
   O lorde, lovyd be thy name,
For nowe is this a joyfull hame
That thowe hais brought vs to,
Full of myrthe and solys faughe,
Erbes and trees, frute on haugh,

<P 63>
Wyth spysys many one hoo.
Loo, Eve, nowe ar we brought
Bothe vnto rest and rowe,
We neyd to tayke no thought,
But loke ay well to doo.

(^Eve^)
   Lovyng be ay to suche a lord,
To vs hais geven so great reward
To governe bothe great and small,
And mayd vs after his owen read,
[\LINE MISSING; NO GAP IN MS\]
Emonges these myrthes all.
Here is a joyfull sight
Where that wee wonn in shall;
We love the, mooste of myght,
Great God, that we on call.

(^ (\Deus\) ^)
   Love my name with good entent
And harken to my comaundement,
And do my byddyng buxomly:
Of all the frute in parradyce,
Tayke ye thereof of your best wyse
And mayke you right merry.
The tree of good and yll,
What tyme you eates of thys
Thowe speydes thyself to spyll,
And we brought owte of blysse.

All thynges is mayd, man, for thy prowe,
All creatours shall to the bowe
That here is mayd erthly;
In erthe I mayke the lord of all,
And beast vnto the shall be thrall,
Thy kynd shall multeply.
Therefore this tree alone,
Adam, this owte-take I;
The frute of it negh none,
For an ye do, then shall ye dye.

(^Adam^)
   Alas lorde, that we shuld do so yll,
Thy blyssed byddyng we shall fulfyll
Bothe in thought and deyd;
We shall no negh thys tre nor the bugh,
Nor yit the fruyte that thereon groweth
Therewith oure fleshe to feyd.
<P 64>
(^Eve^)
   We shall do thy byddyng,
We haue none other neyd;
Thys frute full styll shall hyng,
Lorde, that thowe hays forbyd.

(^ (\Deus\) ^)
   Looke that ye doe as ye haue sayd,
Of all that there is hold you apayd,
For here is welthe at wyll.
Thys tre that beres the fruyte of lyfe,
Luke nother thowe nor Eve thy wyf
Lay ye no handes theretyll.
For-why it is knowyng
Bothe of good and yll,
This frute but ye lett hyng
Ye speyd yourself to spyll.

Forthy this tree that I owt-tayke,
Nowe kepe it grathly for my sayke,
That nothyng negh it neyre;
All other at your wyll shall be,
I owte-take nothyng but this tree,
To feyd you with in feare.
Here shall ye leyd your lyffe
With dayntys that is deare;
Adam, and Eve thy wyfe,
My blyssyng haue ye here.


[} [\V THE COOPERS\] }]
[} [\THE FALL OF MAN\] }]

(^ (\Satanas incipit dicens:\) ^)

   For woo my witte es in a were
That moffes me mykill in my mynde;
The Godhede +tat I sawe so cleere,
<P 65>
And parsayued +tat he shuld take kynde
Of a degree
That he had wrought, and I dedyned
+Tat aungell kynde shuld it no+gt be;
And we wer faire and bright,
+Terfore me thoght +tat he
The kynde of vs tane myght,
And +terat dedeyned me.

The kynde of man he thoght to take
And theratt hadde I grete envye,
But he has made to hym a make,
And harde to her I wol me hye
That redy way,
That purpose proue to putte it by,
And fande to pike fro hym +tat pray.
My trauayle were wele sette
Myght Y hym so betraye,
His likyng for to lette,
And sone I schalle assaye.

In a worme liknes wille Y wende,
And founde to feyne a lowde lesynge.
Eue, Eue.
(^Eue^)
   Wha es +tare?
(^ (\Satanas\) ^) 
   I, a frende.
And for thy gude es +te comynge
I hydir sought.
Of all +te fruyt that ye se hynge
In paradise, why ete ye noght?
(^Eua^) 
   We may of tham ilkane
Take al +tat vs goode +tought,
Save a tree outt is tane,
Wolde do harme to neyghe it ought.

(^ (\Satanas\) ^)
   And why +tat tree, +tat wold I witte,
Any more +tan all othir by?
(^Eua^)
   For oure lord God forbeedis vs itt,
The frute +terof, Adam nor I
To neghe it nere;
And yf we dide we both shuld dye,
He saide, and sese our solace sere.
(^ (\Satanas\) ^)
   Yha, Eue, to me take tente;
Take hede and +tou shalte here
<P 66>
What +tat the matere mente
He moved on +tat manere.

To ete +terof he you defende
I knawe it wele, +tis was his skylle;
Bycause he wolde non othir kende
Thes grete vertues +tat longes +tertill.
For will +tou see,
Who etis the frute of good and ille
Shalle haue knowyng as wele as hee.
(^Eua^)
   Why, what-kynne thyng art +tou
+Tat telles +tis tale to me?
(^ (\Satanas\) ^)
   A worme, +tat wotith wele how
+Tat yhe may wirshipped be.

(^Eue^)
   What wirshippe shulde we wynne therby?
To ete +terof vs nedith it nought,
We have lordshippe to make maistrie
Of alle +tynge +tat in erthe is wrought.
(^ (\Satanas\) ^)
   Woman, do way!
To gretter state ye may be broughte
And ye will do as I schall saye.
(^Eue^) To do is vs full lothe
   +Tat shuld oure God myspaye.
(^ (\Satanas\) ^)
   Nay, certis it is no wathe,
ete it saffley ye maye.

For perille ryght +ter none in lyes,
Bot worshippe and a grete wynnynge,
For right als God yhe shalle be wyse
And pere to hym in all-kyn thynge.
Ay, goddis shalle ye be,
Of ille and gode to haue knawyng,
For to be als wise as he.
(^Eue^)
   Is +tis soth +tat +tou sais?
(^ (\Satanas\) ^)
   Yhe, why trowes +tou no+gt me?
I wolde be no-kynnes wayes
Telle no+gt but trouthe to +te.

(^Eua^)
   Than wille I to thy techyng traste
And fange +tis frute vnto oure foode.

(^ (\Et tunc debet accipere pomum.\) ^)

(^ (\Satanas\) ^)
   Byte on bodly, be nought abasshed,
And bere Adam to amende his mode
And eke his blisse.

(^ (\Tunc Satanas recedet.\) ^)

<P 67> 
(^Eua^)
   Adam, have here of frute full goode.
(^Adam^)
   Alas woman, why toke +tou +tis?
Owre lorde comaunded vs bothe
To tente +te tree of his.
Thy werke wille make hym wrothe - 
Allas, +tou hast done amys.

(^Eue^)
   Nay Adam, greve +te nought at it,
And I shal saie +te reasonne why.
A worme has done me for to witte
We shalle be as goddis, +tou and I,
Yf +tat we ete
Here of this tree; Adam, forthy
Lette noght +tat worshippe for to gete.
For we shalle be als wise
Als God +tat is so grete,
And als mekill of prise;
Forthy ete of +tis mete.

(^Adam^)
   To ete it wolde Y nought eschewe
Myght I me sure in thy saying.
(^Eue^)
   Byte on boldely, for it is trewe,
We shalle be goddis and knawe al thyng.
(^Adam^)
   To wynne +tat name
I schalle it taste at thy techyng.

(^ (\Et accipit et comedit.\) ^)

   Allas, what haue I done, for shame!
Ille counsaille, woo worthe the!
A, Eue, +tou art to blame,
To +tis entysed +tou me - 
Me shames with my lyghame,

   For I am naked as methynke.
(^Eue^)
   Allas Adam, right so am I.
(^Adam^)
   And for sorowe sere why ne myght we synke,
For we haue greved God almyghty
+Tat made me man - 
Brokyn his bidyng bittirly.
Allas +tat euer we it began.
+Tis werke, Eue, hast +tou wrought,
And made +tis bad bargayne.
(^Eue^)
   Nay Adam, wite me nought.
(^Adam^)
   Do wey, lefe Eue, whame +tan?

(^Eue^)
   The worme to wite wele worthy were,
With tales vntrewe he me betrayed.
(^Adam^)
   Allas, +tat I lete at thy lare
Or trowed +te trufuls +tat +tou me saide.
<P 68>
So may I byde,
For I may banne +tat bittir brayde
And drery dede, +tat I it dyde.
Oure shappe for doole me defes,
Wherewith +tay shalle be hydde.
(^Eue^)
   Late vs take there fygge-leves,
Sythen it is +tus betydde.

(^Adam^)
   Ryght as +tou sais so shalle it bee,
For we are naked and all bare;
Full wondyr fayne I wolde hyde me
Fro my lordis sight, and I wiste whare,
Where I ne roght.
(^ (\Dominus\) ^)
   Adam, Adam.
(^Adam^)
   Lorde.
(^ (\Dominus\) ^)
   Where art thou, yhare?
(^Adam^)
   I here +te lorde and seys the no+gt.
(^ (\Dominus\) ^)
   Say, whereon is it longe,
+Tis werke why has +tou wrought?
(^Adam^)
   Lorde, Eue garte me do wronge
And to +tat bryg me brought.

(^ (\Dominus\) ^)
   Say, Eue, why hast +tou garte thy make
Ete frute I bad +te shuld hynge stille,
And comaunded none of it to take?
(^Eua^)
   A worme, lord, entysed me thertill;
So welaway,
That euer I did +tat dede so dill.
(^ (\Dominus\) ^)
   A, wikkid worme, woo worthe +te ay
For +tou on +tis maner
Hast made +tam swilke affraye;
My malysoune haue +tou here
With all +te myght Y may.

And on thy wombe +tan shall +tou glyde,
And be ay full of enmyte`
To al mankynde on ilke a side,
And erthe it shalle thy sustynaunce be
To ete and drynke.
Adam and Eue alsoo, yhe
In erthe +tan shalle ye swete and swynke,
And trauayle for youre foode.
(^Adam^)
   Allas, whanne myght we synke,
We that haues alle worldis goode
Ful derfly may vs thynke.

<P 69>
(^ (\Dominus\) ^)
   Now Cherubyn, myn aungell bryght,
To middilerth tyte go dryve these twoo.
(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Alle redy lorde, as it is right,
Syn thy wille is +tat it be soo,
And thy lykyng.
Adam and Eue, do you to goo,
For here may +ge make no dwellyng;
Goo yhe forthe faste to fare,
Of sorowe may yhe synge.
(^Adam^)
   Allas, for sorowe and care
Oure handis may we wryng.


[} [\VI THE ARMOURERS\] }]

[} [\THE EXPULSION\] }]

(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Alle creatures to me take tent,
Fro God of heuen now am I sent
Vnto +te wrecchis +tat wronge has went
Thaymself to woo;
+Te joie of heuen +tat thaym was lent
Is lost thaym froo.

Fro thaym is loste bo+te game and glee;
He badde +tat +tei schuld maistirs be
Ouer alle-kynne thyng, oute-tane a tree
He taught +tem tille;
And +terto wente bothe she and he,
Agayne his wille.

Agaynst his wille +tus haue they wrought,
To greeffe grete God gaffe they right noght,
+Tat wele wytt ye;
And therfore syte is to +taym sought,
As ye shalle see.

The fooles +tat faithe is fallen fra
Take tente to me nowe, or ye ga;
<P 70>
Fro God of heuen vnto yow twa
Sente am I nowe,
For to warne you what-kynne wa
Is wrought for you.

(^Adam^)
   For vs is wrought, so welaway,
Doole endurand nyghte and day;
The welthe we wende haue wonnyd in ay
Is loste vs fra.
For this myscheffe full wele we may
Euer mornyng ma.

(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Adam, thyselffe made al +tis syte,
For to the tree +tou wente full tyte
And boldely on the frute gan byte
My lord forbed.
(^Adam^)
   Yaa, allas, my wiffe +tat may I wite,
For scho me red.

(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Adam, for +tou trowyd hir tale,
He sendis +te worde and sais +tou shale
Lyffe ay in sorowe,
Abide and be in bittir bale
Tille he +te borowe.

(^Adam^)
   Allas, wrecchis, what haue we wrought?
To byggly blys we bothe wer brought;
Whillis we wer +tare
We hadde inowe, nowe haue we noghte - 
Allas, for care.

(^Eua^)
   Oure cares ar comen bothe kyne and colde,
With fele fandyngis manyfolde;
Allas, +tat tyraunte to me tolde,
Thurghoute his gyle,
That we shulde haue alle welthis in walde,
Wa worthe +te whyle.

(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   That while yee wrought vnwittely,
Soo for to greue God almyghty,
And +tat mon ye full dere abye
Or +tat ye go;
And to lyffe, as is worthy,
In were and wo.

Adam, haue +tis, luke howe ye thynke,
And tille withalle +ti meete and drynke
For euermore.
<P 71>
(^Adam^)
   Allas, for syte why ne myght Y synke,
So shames me sore.

(^Eue^)
   Soore may we shame with sorowes seere,
And felly fare we bothe in feere;
Allas, +tat euyr we neghed it nere,
+Tat tree vntill.
With dole now mon we bye full dere
Oure dedis ille.

(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Giffe for +tou beswyked hym swa,
Trauell herto shalle +tou ta,
Thy barnes to bere with mekill wa - 
+Tis warne I +te.
Buxom shalle +tou and othir ma
To man ay be.

(^Eue^)
   Allas for doole, what shall Y doo,
Now mon I neuer haue rest ne roo.
(^Adam^)
   Nay, lo, swilke a tale is taken me too
To trauaylle tyte;
Nowe is shente both I and shoo,
Allas, for syte.

Allas, for syte and sorowe sadde,
Mournynge makis me mased and madde,
To thynke in herte what helpe Y hadde
And nowe has none.
On grounde mon I neuyr goo gladde,
My gamys ere gane.

Gone ar my games withowten glee;
Allas, in blisse kouthe we no+gt bee,
For putte we were to grete plente`
At prime of +te day;
Be tyme of none alle lost had wee,
Sa welawaye.

Sa welaway, for harde peyne,
Alle bestis were to my biddyng bayne,
Fisshe and fowle, they were fulle fayne
With me to founde.
And nowe is alle thynge me agayne
+Tat gois on grounde.

On grounde ongaynely may Y gange,
To suffre syte and peynes strange,
<P 72>
Alle is for dede I haue done wrange
Thurgh wykkid wyle.
On lyve methynkith I lyffe to lange,
Allas +te whille.

A, lord, I thynke what thynge is +tis
That me is ordayned for my mysse;
Gyffe I wirke wronge, who shulde me wys
Be any waye?
How beste will be, so haue Y blisse,
I shalle assaye.

Allas, for bale, what may +tis bee?
In worlde vnwisely wrought haue wee,
This erthe it trembelys for this tree
And dyns ilke dele!
Alle +tis worlde is wrothe with mee,
+Tis wote I wele.

Full wele Y wote my welthe is gone,
Erthe, elementis, euerilkane
For my synne has sorowe tane,
+Tis wele I see.
Was neuere wrecchis so wylle of wane
As nowe ar wee.

(^Eue^)
   We are fulle wele worthy iwis
To haue +tis myscheffe for oure mys,
For broght we were to byggely blys,
Euer in to be.
Now my sadde sorowe certis is +tis
Mysilfe to see.

(^Adam^)
   To see it is a sytful syghte,
We bothe +tat were in blis so brighte,
We mon go nakid euery ilke a nyghte
And dayes bydene.
Allas, what womans witte was light!
+Tat was wele sene.

(^Eue^)
   Sethyn it was so me knyth it sore,
Bot sethyn that woman witteles ware
Mans maistrie shulde haue bene more
Agayns +te gilte.
(^Adam^)
   Nay, at my speche wolde +tou never spare,
+Tat has vs spilte.

<P 73>
(^Eue^)
   Iff I hadde spoken youe oughte to spill
Ye shulde haue taken gode tent +teretyll,
And turnyd my +tought.
(^Adam^)
   Do way, woman, and neme it noght,

For at my biddyng wolde +tou not be
And therfore my woo wyte Y thee;
thurgh ille counsaille +tus casten ar we
In bittir bale.
Nowe God late never man aftir me
Triste woman tale.

For certis me rewes fulle sare
That euere I shulde lerne at +ti lare,
Thy counsaille has casten me in care,
+Tat +tou me kende.
(^Eue^)
   Be stille Adam, and nemen it na mare,
It may not mende.

For wele I wate I haue done wrange,
And therfore euere I morne emange,
Allas the whille I leue so lange,
Dede wolde I be.
(^Adam^)
   On grounde mon I never gladde gange,
Withowten glee.

Withowten glee I ga,
This sorowe wille me sla,
This tree vnto me wille I ta
+Tat me is sende.
He +tat vs wrought wisse vs fro wa,
Whare-som we wende.
 
<S SAMPLE 2> 
<P 117>
[} [\XIII THE PEWTERERS AND FOUNDERS\] }]

[} [\JOSEPH'S TROUBLE ABOUT MARY\] }]

(^Joseph^)
   Of grete mornyng may I me mene
And walke full werily be +tis way,
For nowe +tan wende I best hafe bene
Att ease and reste by reasoune ay.
For I am of grete elde,
Wayke and al vnwelde,
Als ilke man se it maye;
I may nowder buske ne belde
But owther in frith or felde;
For shame what sall I saie,

That +tus-gates nowe on myne alde dase
Has wedded a yonge wenche to my wiff,
And may no+gt wele tryne over two strase?
Nowe lorde, how lange sall I lede +tis liff?
My banes er heuy als lede
And may no+gt stande in stede,
Als kende it is full ryfe.
Now lorde, +tou me wisse and rede
Or sone me dryue to dede,
+Tou may best stynte +tis striffe.

For bittirly +tan may I banne
The way I in +te temple wente,
<P 118>
Itt was to me a bad barganne,
For reuthe I may it ay repente.
For +tarein was ordande
Vnwedded men sulde stande,
Al sembled at asent,
And ilke ane a drye wande
On heght helde in his hand,
And I ne wist what it ment.

In-mange al othir ane bare I;
Itt florisshed faire, and floures on sprede,
And thay saide to me forthy
+Tat with a wiffe I sulde be wedde.
+Te bargayne I made +tare,
+Tat rewes me nowe full sare,
So am I straytely sted.
Now castes itt me in care,
For wele I myght eueremare
Anlepy life haue led.

Hir werkis me wyrkis my wonges to wete;
I am begiled - how, wate I no+gt.
My +gonge wiffe is with childe full grete,
+Tat makes me nowe sorowe vnsoght.
+Tat reproffe nere has slayne me,
Forthy giff any man frayne me
How +tis +ting mi+gt be wroght,
To gabbe yf I wolde payne me,
+Te lawe standis harde agayne me;
To dede I mon be broght.

And lathe methinke+t, on +te todir syde,
My wiff with any man to defame,
And whethir of there twa +tat I bide
I mon no+gt scape withouten schame.
+Te childe certis is noght myne;
+Tat reproffe dose me pyne
And gars me fle fra hame.
My liff gif I shuld tyne,
Sho is a clene virgine
For me, withouten blame.

But wele I wate thurgh prophicie
A maiden clene suld bere a childe,
But it is nought sho, sekirly,
Forthy I wate I am begiled.
<P 119>
And why ne walde som yonge man ta her?
For certis I thynke ouer-ga hir
Into som wodes wilde,
Thus thynke I to stele fra hir.
God childe ther wilde bestes sla hir,
She is so meke and mylde.

Of my wendyng wil I non warne,
Neuere +te lees it is myne entente
To aske hir who gate hir +tat barne,
+Gitt wolde I witte fayne or I wente.

All hayle, God be hereinne.
(^ (\I Puella\) ^) 
   Welcome, by Goddis dere myght.
(^Joseph^)
   Whare is +tat +gonge virgine
Marie, my berde so bright?

(^ (\I Puella\) ^)
   Certis Joseph, +ge sall vndirstande
+Tat sho is not full farre you fra,
Sho sittis at hir boke full faste prayand
For +gou and vs, and for all +ta
+Tat oght has nede.
But for to telle hir will I ga
Of youre comyng, withouten drede.
Haue done and rise vppe, dame,
And to me take gud hede - 
Joseph, he is comen hame.
(^Maria^)
   Welcome, als God me spede. 

Dredles to me he is full dere;
Joseph my spouse, welcome er yhe.
(^Joseph^)
   Gramercy Marie, saie what chere,
Telle me +te soth, how est with +te?
Wha has ben there?
Thy wombe is waxen grete, thynke me,
+Tou arte with barne, allas for care.
A, maidens, wa worthe +gou,
+Tat lete hir lere swilke lare.
(^ (\II Puella\) ^)
   Joseph, +ge sall no+gt trowe
In hir no febill fare.

(^Joseph^)
   Trowe it noght arme? Lefe wenche, do way!
Hir sidis shewes she is with childe.
Whose ist Marie?
(^Maria^)
   Sir, Goddis and youres.
(^Joseph^)
   Nay, nay.
<P 120>
Now wate I wele I am begiled,
And reasoune why?
With me flesshely was +tou neuere fylid,
And I forsake it here forthy.
Say maidens, how es +tis?
Tels me +te so+te, rede I;
And but +ge do, iwisse,
+Te bargayne sall +ge aby.

(^ (\II Puella\) ^)
   If +ge threte als faste as yhe can
+Tare is noght to saie +teretill,
For trulye her come neuer no man
To waite +te body with non ill
Of this swete wight,
For we haue dwelt ay with hir still
And was neuere fro hir day nor nyght.
Hir kepars haue we bene
And sho ay in oure sight,
Come here no man bytwene
To touche +tat berde so bright.

(^ (\I Puella\) ^)
   Na, here come no man in +tere wanes
And +tat euere witnesse will we,
Saue an aungell ilke a day anes
With bodily foode hir fedde has he,
Othir come nane.
Wharfore we ne wate how it shulde be
But thurgh +te haly gaste allane.
For trewly we trowe +tis,
Is grace with hir is gane,
For sho wroght neuere no mys,
We witnesse euere ilkane.

(^Joseph^)
   +Tanne se I wele youre menyng is
+Te aungell has made hir with childe.
Nay, som man in aungellis liknesse
With somkyn gawde has hir begiled,
And +tat trow I.
Forthy nedes noght swilke wordis wilde
At carpe to me dissayuandly.
We, why gab ye me swa
And feynes swilk fantassy?
Allas, me is full wa,
For dule why ne myght I dy.
<P 121>
To me +tis is a carefull cas;
Rekkeles I raffe, refte is my rede.
I dare loke no man in +te face,
Derfely for dole why ne were I dede;
Me lathis my liff.
In temple and in othir stede
Ilke man till hethyng will me dryff.
Was neuer wight sa wa,
For ruthe I all to-ryff;
Allas, why wroght +tou swa
Marie, my weddid wiffe?

(^Maria^)
   To my witnesse grete God I call,
+Tat in mynde wroght neuere na mysse.
(^Joseph^)
   Whose is +te childe +tou arte withall?
(^Maria^)
   Youres sir, and +te kyngis of blisse.
(^Joseph^)
   Ye, and hoo +tan?
Na, selcouthe tythandis than is +tis,
Excuse +tam wele there women can.
But Marie, all +tat sese +te
May witte +ti werkis ere wan,
Thy wombe allway it wreyes +te
+Tat +tou has mette with man.

Whose is it, als faire mot +te befall?
(^Maria^)
   Sir, it is youres and Goddis will.
(^Joseph^)
   Nay, I ne haue noght ado withall - 
Neme it na more to me, be still!
+Tou wate als wele as I,
+Tat we two same flesshly
Wroght neuer swilk werkis with ill.
Loke +tou dide no folye
Before me preuely
Thy faire maydenhede to spill.

But who is +te fader? Telle me his name.
(^Maria^)
   None but youreselfe.
(^Joseph^)
   Late be, for shame.
I did it neuere; +tou dotist dame, by bukes and belles!
Full sakles shulde I bere +tis blame aftir +tou telles,
For I wroght neuere in worde nor dede
Thyng +tat shulde marre thy maydenhede,
To touche me till.
For of slyk note war litill nede,
Yhitt for myn awne I wolde it fede,
Might all be still;
<P 122>
+Tarfore +te fadir tell me, Marie.
(^Maria^)
   But God and yhow, I knawe right nane.
(^Joseph^)
   A, slike sawes mase me full sarye,
With grete mornyng to make my mane.
Therfore be no+gt so balde,
+Tat no slike tales be talde,
But halde +te stille als stane.
+Tou art yonge and I am alde,
Slike werkis yf I do walde,
+Tase games fra me are gane.

Therfore, telle me in priuite`,
Whos is +te childe +tou is with nowe?
Sertis, +ter sall non witte but we,
I drede +te law als wele as +tou.
(^Maria^)
Nowe grete God of hys myght
+Tat all may dresse and dight,
Mekely to +te I bowe.
Rewe on +tis wery wight,
+Tat in his herte myght light
+Te soth to ken and trowe.

(^Joseph^)
   Who had thy maydenhede Marie? Has +tou oght mynde?
(^Maria^)
   Forsuth, I am a mayden clene.
(^Joseph^)
   Nay, +tou spekis now agayne kynde,
Slike +ting myght neuere na man of mene.
A maiden to be with childe?
+Tase werkis fra +te ar wilde,
Sho is not borne I wene.
(^Maria^)
   Joseph, yhe ar begiled,
With synne was I neuer filid,
Goddis sande is on me sene.

(^Joseph^)
   Goddis sande? Yha Marie, God helpe!
Bot certis +tat childe was neuere oures twa.
But woman-kynde gif +tam list yhelpe,
Yhitt walde +tei na man wiste +ter wa.
(^Maria^)
   Sertis it is Goddis sande
[\LINE MISSING.\]
+Tat sall I neuer ga fra.
(^Joseph^)
   Yha, marie, drawe thyn hande,
For forther +gitt will I fande,
I trowe not it be swa.
<P 123>
+Te soth fra me gif +tat +tou layne,
+Te childe-bering may +tou no+gt hyde;
But sitte stille here tille I come agayne,
Me bus an erand here beside.
(^Maria^)
   Now grete God he you wisse,
And mende you of your mysse
Of me, what so betyde.
Als he is kyng of blisse,
Sende yhou som seand of +tis,
In truth +tat ye might bide.

(^Joseph^)
   Nowe lord God +tat all +ting may
At thyne awne will bothe do and dresse,
Wisse me now som redy way
To walke here in +tis wildirnesse.
Bot or I passe +tis hill,
Do with me what God will,
Owther more or lesse,
Here bus me bide full stille
Till I haue slepid my fille,
Myn hert so heuy it is.

(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Waken, Joseph, and take bettir kepe
To marie, +tat is +ti felawe fest.
(^Joseph^)
   A, I am full werie, lefe, late me slepe,
Forwandered and walked in +tis forest.
(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Rise vppe, and slepe na mare,
+Tou makist her herte full sare
+Tat loues +te alther best.
(^Joseph^)
   We, now es +tis a farly fare
For to be cached bathe here and +tare,
And nowhere may haue rest.

Say, what arte +tou? Telle me this thyng.
(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   I, Gabriell, Goddis aungell full euen
+Tat has tane Marie to my kepyng,
And sente es +te to say with steuen
In lele wedlak +tou lede +te.
Leffe hir no+gt, I forbid +te,
Na syn of hir +tou neuen,
But tille hir fast +tou spede +te
And of hir noght +tou drede +te,
It is Goddis sande of heuen.

The childe +tat sall be borne of her,
Itt is consayued of +te haly gast.
<P 124>
Alle joie and blisse +tan sall be aftir,
And to al mankynde nowe althir mast.
Jesus his name +tou calle,
For slike happe sall hym fall
Als +tou sall se in haste.
His pepull saffe he sall
Of euyllis and angris all,
+Tat tei ar nowe enbraste.

(^Joseph^)
   And is this soth, aungell, +tou saise?
(^ (\Angelus\) ^)
   Yha, and +tis to taken right:
Wende forthe to Marie thy wiffe alwayse,
Brynge hir to Bedlem +tis ilke nyght.
Ther sall a childe borne be,
Goddis sone of heuen is hee
And man ay mast of myght.
(^Joseph^)
   Nowe lorde God full wele is me
That euyr +tat I +tis sight suld see,
I was neuer ar so light.

For for I walde haue hir +tus refused,
And sakles blame +tat ay was clere,
Me bus pray hir halde me excused,
Als som men dose with full gud chere.
Saie marie, wiffe, how fares +tou?
(^Maria^)
   +Te bettir sir, for yhou.
Why stande yhe +tare? Come nere.
(^Joseph^)
   My bakke fayne wolde I bowe
And aske forgifnesse nowe,
Wiste I +tou wolde me here.

(^Maria^)
   Forgiffnesse sir? Late be, for shame,
Slike wordis suld all gud women lakke.
(^Joseph^)
   Yha, marie, I am to blame
For wordis lang-are I to +te spak.
But gadir same nowe all oure gere,
Slike poure wede as we were,
And prike +tam in a pak.
Till Bedlem bus me it bere,
For litill thyng will women dere;
Helpe vp nowe on my bak. 



<B CMDIGBY>
<Q M4 XX MYST DIGBY>
<N DIGBY PLAYS>
<A X>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K CONTEMP>
<D EMO>
<V VERSE>
<T DRAMA MYST>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  DIGBY PLAYS.
THE LATE MEDIEVAL RELIGIOUS PLAYS
OF BODLEIAN MSS DIGBY 133 AND E MUSEO 160.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 283.
ED. D. C. BAKER, J. L. MURPHY & L. B. HALL, JR. 
OXFORD, 1982.
PP. 96.1 - 109.388^]

<P 96>
[}CANDLEMES DAY AND THE KYLLYNG OF +TE
CHILDREN OF ISRAELLE}]

[}MDXIJ}]
[} (\ANNO DOMINI\) 1512
THE VIJ BOOKE}]

(^ (\Poeta.\) ^)
   This solenne fest to be had in remembraunce
Of blissed Seynt Anne, modere to Oure lady,
Whos right discent was fro kynges alyaunce - 
Of Dauyd and Salamon, winesseth the story.
Hir blissid doughtere, that callid is Mary,
By Goddes provision an husbond shuld haue,
Callid Joseph, of nature old and drye,
And she, moder vnto Crist, that alle the world shalle save.

This glorious maiden doughter vnto Anna,
In whos worshippe this fest we honoure,
And by resemblaunce likenyd vnto manna,
Wiche is in tast celestialle of savoure,
And of Jerico the sote rose floure,
Gold Ebryson callid in picture,
Chosyn for to bere mankyndes Savyoure,
With a prerogative aboue eche creature!

These grett thynges remembred, after oure entent,
Is for to worshippe Oure Ladye and Seynt Anne.
We be comen hedere as seruauntes diligent,
Oure processe to shewe you, as we can.
Wherfor of benevolens we pray euery man
To haue vs execused that we no better doo - 
Another tyme to emende it if we can,
Be the grace of God, if oure cunnyng be thertoo.

<P 97>
The last yeere we shewid you in this place
How the shepherdes of Cristes birthe made letificacion,
And thre kynges that come fro +ter cuntrees be grace
To worshippe Jhesu with enteere deuocion.
And now we purpose with hoolle affeccion
To procede in oure matere as we can,
And to shew you of Oure Ladies purificacion
That she made in the temple, as the vsage was than.

And after that shalle Herowde haue tydynges
How the thre kynges be goon hoom another way,
That were with Jhesu and made ther offrynges,
And promysed Kyng Herowde without delay
To come ageyn by hym - this is no nay;
And whan he wist that thei were goon,
Like as a wodman he gan to fray,
And commaundid his knyghtes for to go anoon

Into Israelle, to serche euery town and cite
For alle the children that thei cowde ther fynde
Of too yeeres age and within, sparyng neither bonde nor free,
But sle them alle, either for foo or frende - 
Thus he commaundid in his furious wynde,
Thought that Jhesu shuld haue be oon.
And yitt he failed of his froward mynde,
For by Goodes purviaunce, Oure Lady was into Egipte gon!

Frendes, this processe we purpose to pley, as we can,
Before you alle here in youre presens,
To the honor of God, Oure Lady, and Seynt Anne,
Besechyng you to geve vs peseable audiens!
And ye menstrallis, doth youre diligens!
And ye virgynes, shewe summe sport and plesure,
These people to solas, and to do God reuerens!
As ye be appoynted, doth your besy cure!

(^ (\Et tripident.\) ^)

<P 98>
[\JERUSALEM - HEROD'S PALACE\]

(^Herodes.^)
   Aboue alle kynges vnder the clowdys cristalle,
Royally I reigne in welthe without woo!
Of plesaunt prosperyte I lakke non at alle!
Fortune, I fynde that she is not my foo!
I am Kyng Herowdes! I wille it be knowen soo!
Most strong and myghty in feld for to fyght,
And to venquysshe my enemyes +tat ageynst me do!
I am most bedred, with my bronde bright!

My grett goddes I gloryfye with gladnesse,
And to honoure them I knele vpon my knee,
For thei haue sett me in solas from alle sadnesse,
That no conqueroure nor knyght is comparid to me!
Alle tho that rebelle ageyns me, ther bane I wille be,
Or grudge ageyns my goddes on hylle or hethe!
Alle suche rebellers I shalle make for to flee,
And with hard punysshementes putt them to dethe!

What erthely wretches, with pompe and pride,
Do ageyns my lawes, or withstonde myn entent,
Thei shalle suffre woo and peyne thurgh bak and syde!
with a very myschaunce ther flesshe shalbe alle torent,
And alle my foes shalle haue suche commaundement,
That they shalbe glad to do my byddyng ay!
Or elles thei shalbe in woo and myscheff permanent,
That thei shalle fere me nyght and day!

[\THE FOLLOWING LINES ARE CANCELLED.\]
My messangere, at my commaundement come heder to me,
And take hed what I shalle to the say!
I charge the loke abought thurgh alle my cuntre,
To aspye if ony rebelles do ageynst oure lay,
And if ony suche come in thy way,
Brynge hem into oure high presens,
And we shalle se them correctid or thei go hens!
<P 99>
(^Watkyn, messanger.^)
   My lord, your commaundement I haue fulfilled,
Evyn to the vttermest of my pore powere,
And I wold shew you more, so ye wold be contentid,
But I dare not, lest ye wold take it in angere!
For if it liked you not, I am sure my deth were nere,
And therfor, my lord, I wole hold my peas!
(^Herod.^)
   I warne the, thu traytour, that thu not seas

To shewe euery thyng thu knowist ageyns oure reuerence!
(^Messanger.^)
   My lord, if ye haue it in youre remembraunce,
Ther were thre straungere kynges but late in your presence,
That went to Bedlem to offre with due obseruaunce,
And promysed to come ageyn by you, without variaunce;
But by thes bonys ten, thei be to you vntrue,
For homward another wey thei doo sue!

(^Herod.^)
   Now, be my grett goddes that be so fulle of myght,
I wille be avengid vpon Israelle if thi tale be true!
(^Messanger.^)
   That it is, my lord, my trouth I you plight,
For ye founde me neuer false syn ye me knewe!
[\END OF CANCELLED PASSAGE\]

(^Herod.^)
   I do perceyue, though I be here in my cheff cite,
Callid Jerusalem, my riche royalle town,
I am falsly disceyvid by straunge kynges three!
Therfor, my knyghtes, I warne you, without delacion,
That ye make serche thurghout alle my region - 
Withoute ony tarieng, my wille may be seen - 
And sle alle tho children, without excepcion,
Of to yeeres of age +tat within Israelle bene!

For within myself thus I haue concluded,
For to avoide awey alle interrupcion,
Sythen the+g thre kynges haue me thus falsly deluded,
As in maner by froward collusion,
<P 100>
And ageyn resortid hom into ther region - 
But yitt, mavgre ther hertes, I shalle avengid be!
Bothe in Bedlem and my provynces euerychone,
Sle alle the children, to kepe my liberte!

(^ (\Primus miles.\) ^)
   My lord, ye may be sure that I shalle not spare,
For to fulfille your noble commaundement,
With sharpe sword to perse them alle bare,
In alle cuntrees that be to you adiacent!
(^ (\Secundus miles.\) ^)
   And for your sake, to obserue your commaundement!
(^ (\Tercius miles.\) ^)
   Not on of them alle oure handes shalle astert!
(^ (\Quartus miles.\) ^)
   For we wole cruelly execute youre judgement,
With swerde and spere to perse them thurgh the hert!

(^Herod.^)
   I thanke you, my knyghtes, but loke ye make no tarieng!
Do arme yourself in stele shynyng bright,
And conceyve in your myndes that I am your kyng,
Gevyng you charge +tat with alle your myght,
In conseruacion of my tytelle of right,
That ye go and loke for myn aduauntage,
And sle alle the children +tat come in your sight,
Wiche ben within too yeere of age!

Now beware that my buddyng ye truly obey,
For non but I shalle reigne with equyte!
Make alle the children on your swordes to dey!
I charge you, spare not oon for mercy nor pyte!
Am not I lord and kyng of the cuntre?
The crowne of alle Jerusalem longith to me of right!
Whosoeuer sey nay, of high or lowe degre,
I charge you sle alle suche +tat come in your sight!

(^ (\Primus miles.\) ^)
   My lord, be ye sure accordyng to your wille,
Like as ye charge vs be streigt commaundement,
Alle the children of Israelle doughtles we shalle kylle,
Within to yeere of age - this is oure entent!

<P 101>
(^ (\Secundus miles.\) ^)
   My lord, of alle Jurerye we hold you for chef regent,
By titelle of enheritaunce, as your auncetours beforn;
He that seith the contrary, be Mahound, shalbe shent,
And curse the tyme that euer [{he{] was borne!

(^Herod.^)
   I thanke you, my knyghtes, with hoolle affeccion,
And whan ye come ageyn I shalle you avaunce.
Therfor, quyte you wele in feld and town,
And of alle tho fondlynges make a delyueraunce!

(^Here the knyghtes shalle departe from Herowdes to Israelle,
and Watkyn shalle abyde, seyng thus to Herodes:^)

(^Watkyn.^)
   Now, my lord, I beseche you to here my dalyaunce!
I wold aske you a bone, if I durst aright,
But I were loth ye shuld take ony displesaunce - 
Now, for Mahoundes sake, make me a knyght!

For oon thyng I promyse you: I wille manly fight,
And for to avenge your quarelle I dare vndertake;
Though I sey it myself, I am a man of myght,
And dare live and deye in this quarelle for your sake!
For whan I com amonge them, for fere thei shalle quake!
And though thei sharme and crye, I care not a myght,
But with my sharpe sworde ther ribbes I shalle shake,
Evyn thurgh the guttes, for anger and despight!

(^Herowdes.^)
   Be thi trouthe, Watkyn, woldest thu be made a knyght?
Thu hast be my seruaunt and messangere many a day,
But thu were neuer provid in bataile nor in fight,
And therfor to avaunce the so sodeynly I ne may.
But oon thyng to the I shalle say,
Because I fynde the true in thyn entent:
Forth with my knyghtes thu shalt take the way,
And quyte the wele, and thu shalt it not repent!

(^Watkyn.^)
   Now, a largeys, my lord! I am right wele apaid!
If I do not wele, ley my hed vpon a stokke!
I shalle go shew your knyghtes how ye haue seid,
And arme myself manly, and go forth on the flokke
<P 102>
And if I fynde a yong child, I shalle choppe it on a blokke!
Though the moder be angry, the child shalbe slayn!
But yitt I drede no thyng more thanne a woman with a rokke!
For if I se ony suche, be my feith, I come ageyn!

(^Herowdes.^)
   What! Shalle a woman with a rokke drive the away?
Fye on the, traitour! Now I tremble for tene!
I have trosted the long and many a day - 
A bold man, and an hardy, I went thu haddist ben!
(^Watkyn messanger.^)
   So am I, my lord, and that shalbe seen,
That I am a bold man, and best dare abyde!
And ther come an hundred women, I wole not fleen,
But fro morowe tylle nyght, with them I dare chide!

And therfor, my lord, ye may trust vnto me,
For alle the children of Israelle your knyghtes and I shalle    #
kylle!
I wylle not spare on, but dede thei shalbe - 
If the fader and moder wille lete me haue my wille!
(^Herowdes.^)
   Thu lurdeyn! Take hede what I sey the tylle,
And high the to my knyghtes as fast as thu can!
Say, I warne them in ony wyse +ter blood +tat thei spille,
Abought in euery cuntre, and lette for no man!

(^Watkyn.^)
   Nay, nay, my lord! We wylle let for no man,
Though ther come a thousand on a rought,
For your knyghtes and I wille kylle them alle, if we can!
But for the wyves, that is alle my dought,
And if I se ony walkyng abought,
I wille take good hede tylle she be goon,
And as sone as I aspye that she is oute,
By my feith, into the hous I wille go anon!

And this I promyse you, that I shalle neuer slepe,
But euermore wayte to fynde the children alone,
And if the moder come in, vnder the benche I wille crepe,
And lye stille ther tylle she be goon!
Than manly I shalle come out and hir children sloon!
And whan I haue don, I shalle renne fast away!
If she founde hir child dede, and toke me ther alone,
Be my feith, I am sure we shuld make a fray!

<P 103>
(^Herowdes.^)
   Nay, harlott! Abyde stylle with my knyghtes, I warne the,
Tylle the children be slayn, alle the hoolle rought!
And whan thu comyst home ageyn, I shalle avaunce the,
If thu quyte the like a man whille thu art ought!
And if thu pley the coward, I put the owt of dought,
Of me thu shalt neyther haue fee nor aduauntage!
Therfor, I charge you, the contre be weelle sought,
And whan thu comyst home, shalt haue thi wage!

(^Watkyn.^)
   Yis, syre, be my trouthe, ye shalle wele knowe
Whille I am oute, how I shalle aguyte me,
For I purpos to spare neither high nor lowe - 
If ther be no man wole smyte me!
The most I fere, the wyues wille bete me!
Yitt shalle I take good hert to me, and loke wele abought,
And loke that your knyghtes be not ferre fro me,
For if I be alone, I may sone get a clought!

(^Herod.^)
   I say, hye the hens! That thu were goon!
And vnto my knyghtes, loke ye, take the way,
And sey, I charge them that my commaundement be don
In alle hast possible, without more delay!
And if ther be ony that wille sey you nay,
Redde hym of his lyff out of hand, anon!
And if thu quyte the weelle vnto my pay,
I shalle make +te a knyght aventururos whan +tu comyst home!

(^ (\Et exeat.\) ^)

(^Watkyn.^) 
   Syr knyghtes, I must go forth with you!
Thus my lord commaunded me for to don,
And if I quyte me weelle whille I am amonge you,
I shalbe made a knyght aventures whan I come home!
For oon thyng I promyse you, I wille fight anon - 
If my hert faile not whan I shal begynne!
The most I fere is to come amonge women,
For thei fight like deuelles with ther rokkes whan +tei spynne!

<P 104>
(^ (\Primus miles.\) ^)
   Watkyn, I loue the, for thu art euer a man!
If thu quyte the weelle in this grett viage,
I shalle speke to my lord for the that I can,
That thu shalt no more be neither grome nor page!
(^ (\Secundus miles.\) ^)
   I wylle speke for the, that thu shalt haue better wage,
If thu guyte the manly amonge the wyves,
For thei be as fers as a lyon in a cage,
Whan thei are broken ought, to reve men of +ter lives!

(^Here the knyghtes and Watkyn walke abought the place tylle
Mary and Joseph be conveid into Egipt.^)

(^ (\Dixit angelus:\) ^) 

(^ (\Angelus.\) ^)
   O Joseph, ryse vp, and loke thu tary nought!
Take Mary with the, and into Egipt flee!
For Jhesu, thi sone, pursuyd is and sought,
By Kyng Herowdes, the wiche of gret inyquyte
Commaundid hath thurgh Bedlem cite,
In his cruelle and furyous rage,
To sle alle ther children that be in that cuntre
That may be founde within to yeere of age!

Ther shalle he shewe in that region
Diuerse myracles of his high regalye - 
In alle ther temples the mawmentes shalle falle down,
To shew a tokyn towardes the partie!
This child hath lordship, as prophetes do specifie,
And at his comyng, thurgh his myghty hond,
In despight of alle idolatrie,
Euery oon shalle falle, whan he comyth into the lond!

(^Joseph.^)
   O good Lord, of thi gracious ordenaunce,
Like as thu list for oure jorney provide
In this viage with humble attendaunce,
As God disposeth, and list to be oure gyde.
Therfor, vpon them bothe mekely I shalle abide,
Praying to that Lord to thynk vpon vs three,
Vs to preserue, wheder we go or ryde
Towardes Egipte, from alle aduercite.

<P 105>
(^Mary.^)
   Now, husbond, in alle hast I pray you, go we hens
For drede of Herowdes, that cruelle knyght.
Gentylle spouse, now do youre diligens,
And bryng your asse, I pray you, anon right,
And from hens let vs passe with alle oure myght,
Thankyng that Lord so for vs doth provide
That we may go from Herowdes, +tat cursid wight,
Wiche wille vs devoure if that we abide!

(^Joseph.^)
   Mary, you to do plesaunce without ony lett,
I shalle brynge forth your asse without more delay.
Ful sone, Mary, theron ye shalbe sett,
And this litelle child that in your wombe lay;
Take hym in your armys, Mary, I you pray,
And of your swete mylke lete hym sowke inowe,
Mawgere Herowdes and his grett fray,
And as your spouse, Mary, I shalle go with you.
This ferdelle of gere I ley vp my bakke - 
Now I am redy to go from this cuntre.
Alle my smale instrumentes is putt in my pakke;
Now go we hens, Mary, it wille no better be!

(^ (\Et exeant.\) ^)

For drede of Herowdes apaas I wylle high me!
Lo, now is oure geere trussid, both more and lesse.
Mary, for to plese you, with alle humylite,
I shalle go before, and lede forth youre asse.

(^Here Mary and Joseph shalle go out of +te place, and +te
goddes shalle falle, and than shalle come in the women of
Israel, with yong children in ther armys, and than the knyghtes
shalle go to them, sayng as foluyth:^)

(^ (\Primus miles.\) ^)
   Herke ye, wyffys! We be come your housholdes to visite,
Though ye be neuer so wroth nor wood,
With sharpe swerdes that redely wille byte,
Alle your children within to yeere age in oure cruelle mood,
Thurgheout alle Bethleem to kylle and shed +ter yong blood,
<P 106>
As we be bound be the commaundement of +te kyng!
Who that seith nay, we shalle make a flood
To renne in the stretis, by ther blood shedyng!

(^ (\Secundus miles.\) ^)
   Therfor, vnto vs ye make a delyueraunce
Of youre yong children, and that anone!
Or elles, be Mahounde, we shalle geve you a myschaunce!
Oure sharpe swerdes thurgh your bodies shalle goon!
(^Watkyn.^)
   Therfor beware, for we wille not leve oon
In alle this cuntre that shalle vs escape!
I shalle rather slee them euerychoon,
And make them to lye and mowe like an ape!

(^ (\Prima mulier.\) ^)
   Fye on you traitours of cruelle tormentrye,
Wiche with your swerdes of mortalle violens
(^ (\Secunda mulier.\) ^)
   Oure yong children, that can no socoure but crie,
Wylle slee and devoure in ther innocens!
(^ (\Tercia mulier.\) ^)
   Ye false traitours! Vnto God ye do grett offens,
To sle and mordere yong children +tat in +ter cradelle slumber!
(^ (\Quarta mulier.\) ^)
   But we women shalle make ageyns you resistens,
After oure powere, youre malice to encomber!

(^Watkyn.^) 
   Peas, you folysshe quenys! Wha shuld you defende
Ageyns vs armyd men in this apparaile?
We be bold men, and the kyng vs ded sende
Hedyr into this cuntre to hold with you bataile!
(^ (\Prima mulier.\) ^) 
   Fye vpon the, coward! Of the I wille not faile
To dubbe the knyght with my rokke rounde!
Women be ferse when thei list to assaile
Suche prowde boyes, to caste to the grounde!

(^Watkyn.^)
   Avaunt ye, skowtys! I defye you euerychone!
For I wole bete you alle, myself alone!

(^ (\Hic occident pueros.\) ^)

(^ (\Prima mulier.\) ^)
   Alas, alasse, good gossyppes! This is a sorowfulle peyn,
To se oure dere children that be so yong
With these caytyves thus sodeynly to be slayn!
A vengeaunce I aske on them alle for this grett wrong! 
<P 107>
(^ (\Secunda mulier.\) ^)
   And a very myscheff mut come them amonge,
Whersoeuer thei be come or goon,
For thei haue kylled my yong sone John!

(^ (\Tercia mulier.\) ^)
   Gossippis, a shamefulle deth I aske vpon Herowde oure kyng,
That thus rygorously oure children hath slayn!
(^ (\Quarta mulier.\) ^)
   I pray God bryng hym to an ille endyng,
And in helle pytte to dwelle euer in peyn!
(^Watkyn.^)
   What, ye harlottes! I haue aspied certeyn
That ye be traytours to my lord the kyng,
And therfor I am sure ye shalle haue an ille endyng!

(^ (\Prima mulier.\) ^)
   If ye abide, Watkyn, you and I shalle game
With my distaff that is so rounde!
(^ (\Secunda mulier.\) ^)
   And if I seas, thanne haue I shame,
Tylle thu be fellid down to the grounde!
(^ (\Tercia mulier.\) ^)
   And I may gete the within my bounde,
With this staff I shalle make the lame!
(^Watkyn.^)
   Yee, I come no more ther, be Seynt Mahounde!
For if I do, me thynketh I shalle be made tame!

(^ (\Prima mulier.\) ^)
   Abyde, Watkyn! I shalle make the a knyght!
(^Watkyn.^)
   Thu make me a knyght? That were on the newe!
But for shame - my trouthe I you plight - 
I shuld bete you bak and side tylle it were blewe!
But be my god Mahounde that is so true,
My hert begynne to fayle and waxeth feynt,
Or elles, be Mahoundes blood, ye shuld it rue!
But ye shalle lose your goodes as traitours atteynt!

(^ (\Prima mulier.\) ^)
   What, thu javelle! Canst not haue do?
Thu and thi cumpany shalle not depart
Tylle of oure distavys ye haue take part!
Therfor, ley on, gossippes, with a mery hart,
And lett them not from vs goo!
<P 108>

(^Here thei shalle bete Watkyn, and the knyghtes shalle come
to rescue hym, and thei go to Herowdes, +tus sayng:^)

(^ (\Primus miles.\) ^)
   Honorable prynce of grett apparayle,
Thurgh Jerusalem and Jude your wylle we haue wrought;
Fulle suerly harneysed in armour of plate and maile,
The children of Israelle vnto deth we haue brought!
(^ (\Secundus miles.\) ^)
   Syr, to werke your commaundement we lettid nought,
In the stretes of the children to make a flood!
We sparid neithere for care nor thought
Thurgh Bethlem to shede alle the yong blood!

(^Watkyn.^)
   In feyth, my lord, alle the children be dede,
And alle the men out of the cuntre be goon!
Ther be but women, and thei crie in euery stede:
'A vengeaunce take Kyng Herode, for he hath our children        #
sloon!'
And bidde 'A myscheff take hym!' both evyn and morn;
For kyllyng of ther children on you thei crie oute,
And thus goth your name alle the cuntre abought!

(^Herodes.^)
   Oute! I am madde! My wyttes be ner goon!
I am wo for the wrokyng of this werke wylde!
For as wele I haue slayn my frendes as my foon!
Wherfor, I fere, deth hath me begyled!
Notwithstondyng synt thei be alle defyled!
And on +te yong blood of Bethlem wrought wo and wrake,
Yitt I am in no certeyn of that yong child!
Now for woo myn herte gynneth to quake!

Alas! I am so sorowfulle and sett in sadnes!
I chille and chevere for this orrible chaunce!
I commaunde you alle, as ye wole stond in my grace,
After this yong kyng to make good enqueraunce!
And he +tat bryngeth me tydynges, I shalle hym auaunce.
Now, vnto my chambere I purpose me this tyde,
And I charge you to my preceptes geve attendaunce,
In ony place where ye goo or ryde!

<P 109>
What! Out, out! Allas! I wene I shalle dey +tis day!
My hert tremelith and quakith for feere!
My robys I rende ato, for I am in a fray,
That my hert wille brest asundere evyn heere!
My lord Mahound, I pray the with hert enteere,
Take my soule into thy holy hande,
For I fele be my hert I shalle dey evyn heere,
For my legges faltere, I may no lengere stande!    



<B CMPRIV>
<Q M4 XX CORP SHILLET>
<N LET TO FELLOWS>
<A SHILLINGFORD JOHN>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D SO>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SAMPLE 1:

SHILLINGFORD, JOHN.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
LETTERS AND PAPERS OF JOHN SHILLINGFORD,
MAYOR OF EXETER 1447-50.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. II. 
ED. S. A. MOORE. 
NEW YORK, 1965 (1871). 
PP. 8.10 - 17.32 (IV) (SHILLET)

SAMPLE 2:

PASTON, CLEMENT.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
PASTON LETTERS AND PAPERS OF THE FIFTEENTH
CENTURY, PART I.
ED. N. DAVIS. 
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1971. 
PP. 199.1 - 200.43 (116) (CPASTON)
PP. 201.1 - 202.44 (117)
PP. 203.1 - 204.41 (119)

PASTON, MARGARET.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 221.1 - 223.89 (128) (MPASTON)
PP. 224.1 - 225.71 (129)
PP. 231.1 - 233.81 (132)

PASTON, JOHN.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 439.1 - 441.74 (263) (JPASTON)
PP. 449.1 - 450.52 (269)
SAMPLE 3:

MULL, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE STONOR LETTERS AND PAPERS, 1290-1483,
VOLS. I-II.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, XXIX-XXX. 
ED. C. L. KINGSFORD. 
LONDON, 1919. 
I, PP. 125.25 - 127.15 (123) (TMULL)
I, PP. 127.16 - 128.30 (124)

STONOR, ELIZABETH.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
II, PP. 10.20 - 11.35 (169) (ESTONOR)
II, PP. 13.20 - 15.28 (172)
II, PP. 18.24 - 19.36 (176) 
II, PP. 22.1  - 23.6  (180)

BETSON, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
II, PP. 6.15  - 8.21 (166) (BETSON)
II, PP. 46.22 - 48.4 (211) 
II, PP. 53.1  - 54.8 (216) 
II, PP. 63.25 - 65.2 (224)

SAMPLE 4:

CELY, GEORGE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE CELY LETTERS 1472-1488.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 273.
ED. A. HANHAM.
LONDON, 1975.
P.  43.1 - 43.26 (46) (GCELY)
PP. 82.1 - 83.26 (93)
PP. 96.1 - 98.74 (109) 

CELY, RICHARD (THE YOUNGER).
Idem.
PP. 106.1 - 107.52 (117) (RCELY)
PP. 150.1 - 153.96 (165)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 8>
[} [\SHILLINGFORD TO HIS FELLOWS\] }]
[} [\LONDON, 2 NOV. 1447\] }]

   [{Worthy Sires, as yn the other letter &c. y grete yow       #
w{]ell
alle. Yn the whiche letter y wrote to yow that y hadde a dey to
<P 9>
appere before the lordis for [{oure mater the Fridey next ther  #
after;
and for as moche as{] my lord Chaunceller bade the Justyse to   #
dyner
ayenst that same day for [{oure mater, seyyng that he sholde    #
have a 
dys{] of salt fisshe; y hiryng this, y didde as me thoght       #
aughte to be
done, and by avys [{of the Justise and of oure counseill, and   #
sende{]
thider that day ij. stately pikerellis and ij. stately          #
tenchis, for the
whiche my [{lord Chaunceller cowde right grete thank{]ys and    #
made
right moche therof hardely; for hit came yn gode seson, for my
lordis [{the Duke of Bokyngham, the Markis{] of Southfolke and  #
other,
Bysshoppis divers dyned with my lord Chaunceller tha[{t dey.    #
But{]
as touchyng the laboure and spede of oure mater that day, hit   #
was
by my seide lorde ajorned over yn to the [{morun{] Saterdey     #
for these
causis that a grete disputacion was be fore my lorde yn his     #
chapell
at Lambeth for pre[{chyng of{] Bysshoppis. And the seide        #
lordis that
same Friday were there at diner. And the Justise came not there
that day; but the same Friday after mete y was with the         #
Justise by
longe tyme and yn gode leisure to comyne of oure mater. Y fynde
hym a gode man and well willed yn oure right, and like to have  #
the
grete rule of the mater, as yn the other letter. And he bade me
move of some gode meene to ende the mater. Y seide ayen, savyng
his commaundement, y cowde no skyll theryn ne to speke ne move
of menys, ne hit was not my part so to do; for hit wolde seme   #
if y
so didde, that y hadde doute of oure right, where y have right  #
none,
but we woll dwelle and abide thereapoun and go no ferther; but
if eny man wolde move of eny meene, hit was my part to hire and
so to reporte, &c. But furthermore y seide that fro ij.         #
thyngis w=t=
oure gode will we wolde never departe; that the churche and     #
cimitere,
as that they calle synt Stevyn is fe, is parcel of the cite and
ever hath be and shall be; and that we have a vyw and alle that
to belongeth, and they right none, ne never hadde ne shall      #
have but
<P 10>
ever w=t= ynne the jurisdiccion and under the correccion        #
and punysshment
of the cite, &c. He seide that they claymed a viw and that 
they hadde used moche thyng, &c. and he seide hit was aunsion   #
demene.
And y seide nay, and proved hit by Domesday, and so were
on grete argamentes by longe tyme, to longe to write: all hit   #
was to
tempte me w=t= laghynge chere. Y seide they hadde no more but 
sympell Court Baron, if they so hadde. He seide that every man
myght have of his awne tenantis and aske no man no leve, &c. Y
seide how sholde they have more; they have no olde grauntis of
kynges, ne clayme none allowance yn Eyere, ne instrument to do
punysshement of that that longethe to a lete. He seide hit was  #
a fe
called of olde tyme. Y seide yee, as suche fees as beth ther on
towne, and reherced hym of vij. and that alle were parcell of   #
the
cite: and among other y rehersed hym of Seynt Nicholas fe. He
seide lete the Bisshoppis fe be as Seynt Nicholas fe is. Y      #
seide, if
hit pleased hym, nay, hit myght not be so; for Seynt Nicholas   #
fe, y
called Haroldis fe, is graunt of olde kyngis and                #
confirmaciouns, &c.
He seide the Bisshop hadde the same. Y seide nay that I never
knyw ne sigh, and if that they so hadde, lete hit be shewed and
but hit be answered hit sholde ende the mater. Then he moved of
divers menys and abstynance of arestis. Y seide when the last   #
grete
debate was of the suburbis w=t= oute Este yeate, of whiche      #
debate he
was cause of an ende by a recompence, atte ende of whiche mater
hit was desired for to have an abstynance, but none y graunted  #
but
under this fourme, that the Maier that tyme beyng, and every    #
man
that hadde be Maier and like to be Maier, promysed on his       #
feith to
forbere of arestis on the Churche for certyn ouris, alle that   #
they
myght godely, and sithenes hadde they no cause resonable to     #
complaine;
and y seide this was a grete thynge as me thoght. He seide
nay for that that sholde be attis tyme sholde be do by          #
writynge for
a perpetual pees. Then he asked of me of this mene; if we wolde
absteyne us and forbere of arrestis of alle men of habite       #
servantis
familiars knawed without any fraude generally. Y seide, if hit
<P 11>
pleased hym, nay; for hit was better the last terme before      #
this, that
we sholde forbere of arrestis but yn tyme of doyng of divine    #
servys
of men of habite, servantis familiars and theire Baillyffs      #
knawed, &c.
and of alle other as on Sent Paull is Chirche at London. He     #
seide hit
was soth, and asked ayen if we wold forbere and absteyne and    #
be recompensed
therfor, and we to have the viw and alle that longeth therto
generally, as well on the fe as, &c. and so to make arrestis    #
w=t= ynne the
fe, as y conceved hym, and to forbere alle other arrestis w=t=  #
ynne his
tenementis of the seide fe and to be recompensed &c. and the    #
Bisshop
to have his courtis of his awne tenantis and to holde plees of  #
gretter
somme thenne Court Baron xl s. and spake of xl marke. Apon
this mene he stiked faste, and thoghte hit was resonable and    #
ever
asked of me divers tymes what y wolde seye therto, all as y     #
conceve
to tempte me, and to concente to a mene, &c. and then y seide   #
"My
lorde, if hit please you, ye shall have me exscused to          #
answere," &c.
for thogh me thoght that hit were a mene resonable y dar not    #
sey 
yee, thogh y have power, for the mater toucheth a grete         #
comminalte 
as well as me, and so that y dar not seye yn to tyme that y     #
have
spoke w=t= my felowship at home: and y seide, "My lorde, for    #
as moche
as y conceve right well that this mater, if hit ende attis      #
tyme, hit is
like to ende by a mene, hit is my part to hire and to reporte,  #
&c. but
be the mene never so resonable to conclude with yow, thogh y    #
have
power ynogh, y beseche yow of youre gode lordship to have me
exscused therof yn to tyme y have be at home with my felowship,
or of tham here with me vj. or vij. for other wyse woll y       #
never conclude
with my gode will," &c. He seide ayen, "Ye didde theron as
right a wise man," and so departyd, &c. The morun Saterday y
came to Westminster to kepe my day as hit is aboveseid. Y       #
spake 
with my lorde Chaunceller. He adjorned hit over yn to Soneday,
and afterward fro Soneday yn to Moneday; for the Justises dyned
with the Maier of London that Sonday. The Moneday y maier,
<P 12>
Bluet, Hody, Dourissh, Germyn and Speere with me come to        #
Lambeth
to my lord, and ther was at that day atte dyner with my lord
the ij. chif justises, and so we appered before them; and for   #
oure
party advers Kys, Hengston, More, Wode and Wolston. My lord
hym self furst moved the mater to the Chif Justises, so that    #
the Chif
Justise seide the mater stondeth thus: that as to the           #
compleyntis of
the Bisshop Deane and Chapitre, hit is answered, repplyed and   #
rejoyned,
and as moche do therynne as may be do; and as touchynge
the compleyntes of the maier and comminalte, the whiche them
semeth grevous, beth not yet answered, and them semeth, &c. My
lord Chauncellor therwith sodenly went right to the justises    #
bothen,
and called to hym Nicholas Ayssheton at that tyme beynge there,
and leide theire iiij. heddis negh to gedder and comyned to     #
geder
right privyly a grete while, and alle as y conceve and as hit   #
proved
afterwardis that the answeris to oure articulis not to be       #
spoke of.
After that my lorde toke his cheire and the justises sate with  #
hym,
and bothe parties with theire consell kneled before. My lord    #
asked
how we last departed and therapoun stomped a grete while. My
lord asked the bokis. He seide that his were on Kent is warde.  #
He
asked of oure party advers theire bokis: they wolde be knawe of
none yn no wyse. And y mayer, seide yes, with moche more
therto, &c. and how my lordis commaundement was at London, and
aggrementis at home yn the chaptry hous, that oure articulis
sholde be answered or we proceded any ferder, y praynge my      #
lorde
that so, &c. My lord was loth therto and the justises bothe. My
lorde seide furste merily of Vaspasianus. And y seide that that
was no mater of oure compleyntis, but y putte yn to prive what  #
the
cite was of olde tyme; and then my lord seide some what         #
strangely
and sharpely that oure articulis many were maters of noyse and
desclaunder, and forto answere them hit wolde be cause of more
<P 13>
grucchynge and yvell wyll. And y seide, "Yf eny suche be, lete  #
tham
be leide apart, and tho that beth substancialle grete and       #
grevous to
us, and somme cause and begynnyng of alle this debate, lete     #
tham
be so answered:" and y reherced iij. yn especiall, oone of the  #
Dyme,
another of the feloun that toke the bysshoppis fe, and          #
afterwarde of
the churche, and the coroners ylette, &c. and of the toure on   #
the
bisshoppis gardyn, &c. The chif justise seyde as tochynge the   #
articulis
of bothe parties, that there were maters amendis to be made to
ayther party, and that were longe to do, and that hit myght be  #
don
as well after as before, and that he hadde sey somme of oure    #
articulis 
ij. in especiall, oone of the Deme, another of the feloun       #
aboveseide;
and seide that us semed that they were grevous to us.           #
Whereapoun
my lord spake of the bokis to us ayen; and y seide that my 
bokis were alle redy. And my lord bade to leye ham forth; and   #
so
we didde the articulis. They were but litell y radde ne take    #
kepe
to. Thenne as touchyng the deme, Hengston seide that he wolde
right well that the deme were payed with us, as hit aughte to   #
be,
and hath be of olde tyme; but we didde not so, but sette hit    #
and
called none of the bysshoppis tenantis to us. Y saide nay, and
made a longe rehersall therof fro kyng Edwardis tyme ynto this  #
dey,
how and under what fourme hit was don of olde tyme, how         #
sithenes,
and how now, and how late they sette with ynne tham self, and
kept the mony and yet kepeth, and that sholde be well y proved.
My lorde seide that as touchynge the settynge we were alle      #
most 
accordyd theryn. Then seide Hengston lightly as touchynge       #
settynge
and kepyng of the mony of the deme, hit shall be sone answered;
he menyng of Upton is tyme y wote right well, as y seide
to yow at home. Y seyde to Hengston as lightly ayen, "As sone
hit sholde be repplied and truly with the grace of god." Then   #
my
lord asked furste of that other party if they hadde full        #
auctorite and
power and wolde consente to menys: and they seide anone with
<P 14>
gode wille, yee for theire part. My lorde asked of me, Maier,   #
if
we wolde the same. Y seide as touchyng the power we hadde       #
sufficiant
and y nogh; as touchyng to menys, y bisoghte hym of his
lordship that y myght go apart to comyne with my felowship and
oure conseill there at that tyme; and so y didde, and yeaf an   #
answere.
Hody hadde the wordis of power as above; and as touchyng
the menys with this condicion that oure articulis were          #
answered,
that we wolde aggre to suche menys as they lordis wolde rule    #
us to.
Then hit was no more at that tyme but the articulis most be     #
answered;
and as loth as they were to answere, and hadde no bokis
as hit is abovesayde. Then they aggreed ham to bryng yn the     #
answere
the morun. Y seide they hadde seide dyvers tymes that
they hadde olde charters, evidences, and munymentis to ende the
mater; and y seide if they so hadde to bryng ham yn, and but    #
they
were answered to ende, &c. Hengston seide moche and strongely
because y seide they hadde suche charters. Y seide yee, and     #
avowed
hit well they seide so. He seide that they hadde olde           #
recordis, &c.
and y saide as above. Hengston honged sore to have a lete and a
grete courte, and y traversed hym ever, and seide to hym moche
thynge, and yn especiall that they never hadde instrument, and
reherced what that belongeth to a lete. Hengston seide but      #
litell
therto, but made wyse as thogh hit were yes; but Wode seide     #
that
they hadde olde wrytinge to have hit, and spake no more at all  #
that
tyme. Hengston seide openly that Radeford and he hadde          #
communicacion
at home of this mater, and were well negh accorded; and
my lord seide, "Wolde god hit hadde be so," and yet "Wolde hit
were so, for oure discharge." Y, Mayer, seide y knywe well and  #
was
spoke to of suche a communicacion; but what the privyte and the
menyng was y myghte not knowe, and yf y hadde hit sholde have
be never the werce but the better; and so we departed,          #
stondyng a
<P 15>
fer fro my lorde, and he asked wyne and sende me his awne cuppe
and to no moo. Y wende right to my lord ayen before them alle,
and spake with my lorde prively a grete whiles of divers        #
maters, and
among other of thys blynde entrety that Hengston spake of, y    #
seyynge
to my lorde verily that this blynde entrety growith of my
lorde of Excetre as y supposed. Wherfor and for as moche as
Hengston seide yn his presence that Radeforde and he were negh
accorded: y bysoghte my lorde, as me thoght his part was, and   #
to
ende the mater the rather to knowe of the communicacion, &c. My
lorde seide y moved hym right well and sholde have goddis       #
blessyng
and his, and seide he wolde do so, &c. and so we toke oure      #
leve and
departed fro my lord and my lordis alle. My lord at this tyme
didde me moche worsship, and openly yn the communicacion        #
aboveseyde
commended me for my gode rule at home, and yn especiall for
the grete favo=r= that y have do to men of the churche,         #
hongyng this
debate; and furthermore he of his awne mocion yn the            #
communicacion
aboveseid spake openly of the letter that he send home to the
bysshop by me, seiyng these wordes, "Maier, apon the            #
communicacion
that y hadde with yow here y send home a letter by yow to
my brother of Excetre, the whiche y hoped sholde have do moche
gode and cause of spede the rather ende of the mater." Y seide,
"My lorde, that is true, and y have do my due diligent part     #
therto,
after youre commaundement by my trauthe." Y seyde more to Kys
these wordis, "Kis, ye seide to me at home that y didde and     #
seide
moche thynge more there then my lorddis commaundement was,
sey ye here be fore my lorde what hit was; and y truste to God  #
and
my lorde is gode lordship that my lord will avowe me on alle    #
thyng
that y didde and seide." My lorde sate stille a while, and Kys
knelyng spake never a word, and thus passed over. Hengston
among the maters abovesayd seyde moche more than is above       #
writyn
as touchyng the towre that stont on the bysshoppis gardyn,      #
seiyng
that that towre stode upon the bisshoppis grounde, and the      #
bisshop
<P 16>
sum tyme hadde his prison yn that towre, and that we repaired   #
hit
never, as is write on oure articulis: atte last hit was seide   #
by their
party that parcell of the towre stode upon the bisshoppis       #
grounde as
hit appereth openly there; they menyng by a wall and kernellis
stondynge withoute the towre and thiknys of the towne walle,    #
toward
the bisshoppis gardyn and annexed to the towre and towne
wallis, &c.    
   The morun tuysday al Halwyn yeven y receyved the answeris to
oure articulis at Westminster of the whiche y sende yow a true  #
copy,
yn the whiche articulis as hit appereth they have spatte out    #
the
uttmyst and worste venym that they cowde seye or thynke by me;
y blessed be God hit is nother felony, ne treson, ne grete      #
trespas,
and thogh hit hadde be, so they wolde have don, and werce yf    #
they
cowde: but as for trawthe of the mater that tocheth me, meny
worthy man stondeth on the same cas and have do moche werce    
than ever y didde, thogh that be to me none exscuse. As         #
touchyng
the grete venym that they menyth of my lyvyng, y may and        #
purpose
be at my purge, as y may right well apon my sawle of alle
wymmen alyve excepte oone, and of hire righte a grete while;    #
therfor
y take right noght by and sey sadly (\si recte vivas, &c.\) and #
am right
mery and fare right well, ever thankyng God and myn awne purse.
And y liyng on my bedde atte writyng of this right yerly,       #
myryly
syngyng a myry song, and that ys this, Come no more at oure     #
hous,
come, come, come. Y woll not dye nor for sorowe ne for anger,
but be myry and fare right well, while y have mony; but that ys
and like to be scarce with me, considerynge the bisynesse and   #
coste 
that y have hadde: and like to have: and yet y hadde with me xx #
li.
and more by my trauthe; wherof of trauthe not right moche y     #
spende
yet, but like &c. Constre ye what ye will. Item, Thomas         #
Montagew sholde sende me xj li. and odde mony as he wote well   #
and
can telle yowe: and y supposed that John Germyn sholde have
broght to me all most x li. all this of myne awne gode; wherof
<P 17>
cometh to me no peny. Wherfor y sende home to yow attis tyme
William Hampton, berer of this writyng, for this cause most     #
specially
that ye, how that ever ye do, sende me xx li. yn hast, as
ye wolle the spede of youre mater and welfare of the cite, y    #
not
shamed but pleased attis tyme; and that ye faill yn no wyse,    #
mervaillyng
moche, for as moche as y departed fro yow with oute eny
mony of youris, that ye ne hadde sende to me sithenesse some    #
mony
by Germyn, Kyrton, or some other man, &c.
   Forthermore as tochyng the seide answeris, y pray yow that   #
they
be well redely avysely and distinctely over radde and the       #
substance
of them right well understonde, and most speciall the furste    #
articule,
the whiche ys most and right harde to answere, and that oure
Recorder have knoweliche of all thyng that y have write home yf
he be here as y suppose attis tyme, and but yf he be, to sende  #
home
to hym in hast; so that y have youre conceyt witte and entente  #
to
repplye to the seide answeris, and to the furste most           #
specyally,
whiche is derke to my conceyte as yet; but y truste to God hit  #
shall
be right well with youre gode enformacion and helpe therto: to
whiche entent y sende yow a rolle yn the whiche is conteyned
copies of Domus Dey, copy of Eyris, of charters and other       #
thynges
that is necessary to be seye yn makyng of thes repplicacions. Y #
can
no more attis tyme, but y pray you to be not wery to over rede  #
hire
and se all the writyng that y have sende home to yow attis      #
tyme;
and yf ye be, no mervaill thogh y be wery, &c. and God be w=t=  #
yow.
y-writen at London yn alle Sawlyn day afore day yn hast. Item,  #
y
pray you to sende me the blak rolle whiche shall be delyvered   #
to
yow by Thomas Montegow, by William Hampton berer of this        #
writyng,
the which is a man true ynogh as y truste and suppose and
hath borwys for his office, lete them be pryvy to, yf yow, that #
hit is
to be do.
   (^Indorsed.^) A letter of certificatt from John              #
Shillingford, Maior,
of his doinges at London.
 
<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q M4 XX CORP CPASTON>
<N LET TO BROTHER>
<A PASTON CLEMENT>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 199>
[} [\116. TO JOHN PASTON I\] }]
[} [\1461, 25 AUGUST\] }]
[}TO HIJS RYTHE REUERENT AND WORCHYPFWLL BRODER JOHN PASTON}]

   Rythe reuerent and worchypfwll broder, I recomawnde me to    #
+gowre good
broderhood, desieryng to herre of +goure welfare and good       #
prosperite`,
the qwyche I pray God encresse to his pleswre and +gowre        #
hertys hesse;
certyfyyng +gow +tat I haue spok wyth John Rwsse, and Playter   #
spak wyth
him bothe, on Fryday be-fore Seynt Barthelmw. And he told vs of
Howardys gydyng, qwyche mad vs rythe sory tyl we harde +te      #
conclusion
+tat +ge hadde non harme. Also I vnderstond by W. Pekok +tat    #
my nevew
hadde knowlache +tere-of also vp-on Saterday nexst be-fore      #
Seynt
Barthelmwe, in +te Kyngys howse. Not wyth-standyng vp-on +te    #
sam day
Playter and I wryte letterys on-to him rehersyng al the mater,  #
fore cause if
+tere were ony questionys mevyd to hym +tere-of +tat he xwlde   #
telle +te
trowthe, in cas +tat +te qwestions were meuyd by ony            #
worchypfwll man,
and namyd my Lord Bowchere, fore my Lord Bowchere was wyth +te
Kyng at +tat tym.
   I fele by W. Pekok +tat my nevew is not +get verily          #
aqweyntyd in +te
Kyngys howse, nore wyth +te officerys of +te Kyngys howse. He   #
is not
<P 200>
takyn as non of +tat howse, fore +te cokys be not charged to    #
serue hym
nore +te sewere to gyue hym no dyche, fore +te sewere wyll not  #
tak no men
no dischys till +tey be comawndyd by +te cownterrollere. Also,  #
he is not
aqueyntyd wyth no body but wyth Wekys, and Wekys ad told hym    #
+tat he
wold bryng hym to +te Kyng; but he hathe not +get do soo.       #
Were-fore it
were best fore hym to tak hijs leve and cum hom, till +ge hadd  #
spok wyth
swm body to helpe hym forthe, fore he is not bold y-now to put  #
forthe
hym-selfe.
   But +tan I consyderyd +tat if he xwld now cum hom +te Kyng   #
wold thyng
+tat wan he xwld doo hym ony seruice sum were, +tat +tan +ge    #
wold haue
hym hom, +te qwyche xwld cause hym not to be hadde in fauore;   #
and
also men wold thynke +tat he were put owte of seruice. Also W.  #
Pekok
tellythe me +tat hijs mony is spent, and not ryotesly but       #
wysly and discretly,
fore +te costys is gretter in +te Kyngys howse qwen he rydythe  #
+tan
+ge wend it hadde be, as Wyllam Pekok can tell +gow. And +tere  #
wee mwst
gett hym i c s. at +te lest, as by Wyllam Pekokys seyyng, and   #
+get +tat will
be to lytill. And I wot well we kan not get xl d. of            #
Cristofyre Hanswm, so
I xall be fayn to lend it him of myn owne siluer. If I knew     #
verily +gour entent
were +tat he xwld cum hom I wold send hym non. There I wyll     #
doo as me
thynkithe +ge xwld be best plesyd, and +tat, me thynkythe, is   #
to send him
+te siluer. +Tere-fore I pray +gow as hastely as +ge may send   #
me a-+gen v
mark, and +te remnawnte I trow I xall gett vp-on Cristofire     #
Hanswm and
Lwket. I pray +gow send me it as hastely as +ge may, fore I     #
xall leue my-selfe
rythe bare; and I pray +gow send me a letter how +ge woll +tat  #
he xall be
demenyd.
   Wrytyn on Twsday after Seynt Barthelmwe, &c. (\Christus vos  #
obseruet.\)
By Cle[{ment Paston{]

<P 200>
[} [\TO JOHN PASTON I: COPY\] }]
[} [\1461, 11 OCTOBER\] }]

<P 201>
   Brother, I recommende me to you, after all dewe              #
recommendacions, &c.
Sir, it was tolde me by rythe a worshipfull man that loveth     #
you rythe well,
and ye him, and ye xall knowe his name here-after, but put all  #
things out
of doubt he is such a man as will not lye. On the xj=th= day    #
of October the
Kinge seid, 'We have sent two privy sealys to Paston by two     #
yeomen of
our chamber, and he disobeyeth +tem; but we will send him       #
a-noder tomorrowe,
and by Gods mercye and if he come not then he xall dye for it.
We will make all oder men beware by him how they xall disobey   #
our
writinge. A servant of our hath made a complainte of him. I     #
cannot thinke
that he hath informed us all truely, yet not for that we will   #
not suffer
him to disobey our writinge; but sithen he disobeyeth our       #
writinge we
may beleve the better his gydinge is as we be informed.' And    #
+terwith he
made a gret a-vowe that if ye come not at the third             #
commandement ye
xulde dye therefore.
   This man that tolde me this is as well learned a man as any  #
is in England.
And the same xj=th= day of October he advised me to send a man  #
to yow
in all the hast that might be to lett yow have knowlache, and   #
that ye
xulde not lett for none excuse, but that ye xulde make the man  #
good cheere
and come as hastily ye might to the Kinge, for he               #
understandeth so much
that the Kinge will kepe his promise. Notwithstanding, by mine  #
advice,
if ye have this letter or the messenger come to you, come to    #
the Kinge
wards or ye meete with him, and when ye come ye must be suer    #
of a great
excuse. Also, if ye doe well, come right stronge, for Howards   #
wife made her
bost that if any of her husbands men might come to yow +ter     #
xulde goe noe
penny for your life; and Howard hath with the Kinge a great     #
felloweship.
<P 202>
   This letter was written the same day that the Kinge said     #
these words,
and the same day that it was told me, and that day was the      #
xj=th= day of
October as abovesaid; and on the next morning send I forth a    #
man to yow
with this letter, and on the same day send the Kinge the third  #
privye seale
to you.
   Alsoe he +tat tolde me this seid that it were better for     #
yow to come upp
then to be fotte out of your house with streingth, and to       #
abide the Kings
judgement +terin, for he will take your contumacy to great      #
displeasure.
Also, as I understand, the Duke of Norffolk hath made a great   #
complaint
of yow to the Kinge, and my Lord of Suffolk and Howard and      #
Wyngfelde
helpe well to every day and call upon the Kinge against yow.
   The Kinge is at this day at Grenewich, and +ter will be      #
still till the
Parliament beginne. Some say he will goe to Walsingham, but     #
Master
Sotyll seid in the Aulle in the Temple that he harde no worde   #
of any such
pilgrimage.
   No more, &c. Written the xj=th= day of October at midnight.
   My nevew John tolde me also that he supposed +ter were out   #
proclamacions
against yow, &c., the same day.
By Clement Paston, your broder

<Q M4 XX CORP CPASTON>
<N LET TO BROTHER>
<A PASTON CLEMENT>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 203>
[} [\TO JOHN PASTON I\] }]
[} [\1464, 18 APRIL\] }]
[}TO MY RYGTH WORCHYPFULL BRODER JOHN PASTON, SQWYERE}]
 
   Ryght worshypfull brothyre, I recomawnde me to +gow after    #
all dew recomendacions,
&c. Plesse it +gow to wett +tat after +tat I harde say +tat +te
parson of Blowfelde wasse com to town I went to hym to hys jn,  #
and he
bade +te masenger say +tat he wasse not wyth-in. And I bad hym  #
say
a-gayn +tat I com thyder to hym fore hijs own worchype and      #
auayle, and
+tat I wasse sory +tat I com so fere fore hym. And after +tat   #
he sent fore
me and he cowde not fynde me, and I harde say there-of; and     #
+tan I wrott
a letter resytyng how +tat he wasse sworn +gesterday fore to    #
say +te trowthe
of al maner of materis consernyng Sire John Fastolfe, auysyd    #
hym to
remembere qwat hijs wytnesse hadde sayd fore hijs sake and wat  #
schame
it xwlde be to hym to say +te contrary, and also if he sayde    #
+te contrary +ge
wold here-after proue +te trowthe and con[{t{]rary to hys       #
sayyng, and proue
<P 204>
hym in a periuri. And also I badde hym remembere wyth wat       #
maner of men
he delt wythe, and I rehersyd how vntrwly they hadde don. And   #
not
wyth-stondyng thys, after I met wyth hym in +te strett and      #
spak wyth hym,
and I fownde hym passyng strawngely disposyd, and sor meuyd     #
wyth
consiens +tat +ge xwld haue +te lond and fownd +te colage but   #
wyth an c
marc. not wyth-stondyng he myth fynde in hijs consiens rythe    #
well +tat
+te colage xwld be fowndyd in a-noder plasse but wyth an c      #
marc., and +te
remnaunt of +te lylode sold so +tat he myth pwrce +te mony. So  #
I felt
by hym +tat all hijs strawngenes from +gow is fore he demythe   #
+tat +ge wold
parte from no thyng, and I told hym +te co[{n{]trary there-of   #
to be trwe. Az
thys day he is exayminid vp-on a bok to sey +te trowthe of all  #
thyngys as
+te juge wyll aske hym fore +te jugeis jnformacion, wych I      #
trowe wyll not
be good.
   Also they haue pwt jn (^testes^) a+gens +gow iij=xx= ore     #
iiij=xx= men. Mayster
Robard Kent wold fayn +tat +ge xwld gett +gow ij lycens of +te  #
prioris of
+gowre wytnes Mayster Clement and +te monke, wyth on a datt     #
beyng
be-fore +te comyng vp, fore +tat must +ge nedis haue. Also he   #
wold fayn +tat
+ge xwld com to thys towne. Me thowte by Sire Thomas +tat they  #
haue a
swerte` in maner +tat +ge xall haue no lycens fore +gour        #
fundacion, and they
be abowte to gett a lycens to fownde +te colage in a-noder      #
place. Me
thynkythe +tat wold hurte. Here colour is fore cause +ge can    #
gett no lycens
to fownde it at Castere, werfore, thow +gour wyll were trwe,    #
they myth
lawfully fownde it in a-noder place.
   My lord Chawncelere is gone to +Gork and wyll not be here    #
of all thys 
term. Wrytyn on Wednisday nexst be-for Saynt George.
   The Kyng hathe ben in Kent, and there ben endityd many fore  #
Isleis
dethe; and he wyll com to town thys day a-+gen, and he wyl not  #
tary here
but forthe to +Gork straytt.
By Clement Paston

<Q M4 XX CORP MPASTON>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A PASTON MARGARET>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 220>
[} [\TO JOHN PASTON I\] }]
[} [\1448, APRIL\] }]
[}TO MY RYTH WURCHYPFUL HWSBOND JON PASTON BE +TIS LETTYRE      #
DELYVERYD JN HAST}] 
<P 221>

   Ryth wyrchypful hwsbond, I recomawnd me to +gw, desyryng     #
hertyly to
heryn of +gwr wel-fare, praying +gw to wete +tat I was wyth my  #
Lady Morley
on +te Satyrday nexst after +tat +ge departyd from hens, and    #
told here qhat
answere +tat +ge had of Jon Butt; and sche toke jt ryth         #
straw[{n{]gely and seyd
+tat sche had told +gw and schewyd +gw j-now qhere-by +ge myth  #
have
knowleche +tat +te releve owyth to ben payd to here. And sche   #
seyd sche
wyst wel +tat +ge delay jt for+te +tat sche xuld nowth have     #
+tat longyth to here
ryth. And sche told me hw jt was payd in Thomas Chawmberys      #
tym, qhan
here dowter Hastyngys was weddyd; and sche seyd sythyn +tat     #
+ge wyl make
none end wyth here sche wyl sew +ter-fore as law wyl. I         #
conseyvyd be here +tat
sche had cwnsel to labore a+gens +gw +ter-jn wyth-jn ryth       #
schort tym. And +tan
I prayd here +tat sche wuld vwche-save nowth to labowre a+gens  #
+gw jn +tis
matere tyl +ge kom hom; and sche seyd nay, be here feyth sche   #
wuld no more
days +geve +gw +ter-jn. Sche seyd sche had sett +gw so many     #
days to a-kord
wyth here and +ge had broke +tem +tat sche was ryth wery        #
+ter-of; and sche
seyd sche was but a woman, sche must don be here cownseyl, and  #
here
cwnseyle had avysyd here, and so sche seyd sche wyld do. +Tan   #
I prayd here
a+gyn +tat sche wuld teryn tyl +ge kom hom, and I seyd I        #
trostyd veryly +tat
+ge wuld don qhan +ge kom hom as jtt longyth to +gw to don;     #
and jf +ge myth
have very knowleche +tat sche awyth of ryth for to have jtt, I  #
seyd I wyst
<P 222>
wel +tat +ge wuld pay jt wyth ryth gode wyl, and told here      #
+tat +ge had sergyd
to a fownd wrytyng +ter-of and +ge kwd non fynd in non wyse.    #
And sche
sayd sche wyst wele +ter was wrytyng +ter-of j-now, and sche    #
hath wrytyng
+ter-of hw Syre Robert of Mawthby and Ser Jon and myn           #
grawnsyre, and
dyverse o+ter of myn awnceterys, payd jt and seyd nevyre nay    #
+ter-to. And
jn no wyse I kwd not getyn no grawnth of here to sesyn tyl +ge  #
kom hom.
And sche bad me +tat I xuld don an erund to my moder; and qhan  #
I kam
hom I dede myn erund to here, and sche axyd me jf I had spokyn  #
to my
lady of +tis forseyd matere, and I told here hw I had do and    #
qhat answere I
had. And sche seyd sche xuld gon to my Lady Morle`s on +te      #
nexst day, and
sche xuld speken to here +ter-of and a-say to getyn grawnt of   #
here to sesyn
of +te forsayd matere tyl +tat +ge kom hom. And truly my moder  #
dede here
devere ryth feythfully +ter-jn, as myn cosyn Clere xal tellyn   #
+gw qhan +tat he
spekyth wyth +gw, and sche gete grawnt of my seyd lady +tat     #
+ter xuld nowth
ben don a+gens +gw +ter-jn and +ge wold acordyn wyth here and   #
don as +ge
owyn to do be-twyx +tis tym and Trinyte` Sunday.
   Laveraw[{n{]ce Rede of Mawthby recommaw[{n{]dyth hym to +gu  #
and
prayith +gw +tat +ge wyl vwchesave to leten hym byn of +gw +te  #
ferm barly +tat
+ge xuld have of hym, and jf +ge wyl laten hym have jt to a     #
resonabyl pris he
wyl have jt wyth ryth a gode wyl. And he prayit +gw, jf +ge     #
wyl +tat he have
jt, +tat +ge wyl vwche-save to send hym wurd at qhat pris he    #
xuld have +te
kowmb as hastyly as +ge may, and ellys he must be purvayd in    #
o+ter plase.
   As twchyng o+ter tydyngys I sopose Jon of Dam xal send +gw   #
wurd jn
a letter. As jt js told me veryly, Heydon xal not kom at        #
London +tis term.
It is seyd jn +tis contre` +tat Danyel js owth of +te Kyngys    #
gode grase, and he
xal dwn and all hys mene and all +tat ben hys wele-wyllerys.    #
+Ter xal no man
ben so hardy to don no+ter seyn a+gens my lord of Sowthfolk     #
nere non +tat
longyth to hym; and all +tat han don and seyd a+gens hym, +tey  #
xul sore
repent +tem.
   Kateryn Walsam xal be weddyd on +te Munday nexst after       #
Trinyte`
Sonday, as it is tolde me, to +te galaw[{n{]te wyth +te grete   #
chene; and +ter js
purvayd fore here meche gode aray of gwnys, gyrdelys, and       #
atyrys, and
meche o+ter gode aray. And he hathe purcheysyd a gret purcheys  #
of v mark
be +gere to +gevyn here to here joynture.
   I am aferd +tat Jon of Sparham js so schyttyl-wyttyd +tat    #
he wyl sett hys
gode to morgage to Heydon, or to sum o+ter of vwre gode         #
frendys, but jf I
can hold hym jnne +te better ere +ge kom hom. He hath ben       #
arestyd sythyn
+tat +ge went, and hath had moche sorw at +te sewte of Mayster  #
Jon Stokys
of London for x mark +tat Sparham owyth to hym; and jn gode     #
feyth he
hath had so moche sorow and hevynesse +tat he wyst nowth qhat   #
he myth
don. I felt hym so disposyd +tat he wold a sold and a sett to   #
morgage all
+tat he hath, he had nowth rowth to qhom so +tat he myth an     #
had mony to
<P 223>
an holpyn hym-self wyth. And I entretyd hym so +tatt I sopose   #
he wyl
no+ter sellyn nere sett to morgage no+ter catel nere o+ter      #
gode of hese tyl
he speke wyth +gw. He soposeth +tat al +tat js don to hym js    #
att +te request
of +te parson of Sparham and Knatylsale. I sopose jt is almas   #
to confort
hym, for jn gode feyth he js ryth hevy and hys wyf al-so. He    #
js nowth nw
vnder arest, he hath payd hys feys and goth att large. He was   #
arestyd att
Sparham of on of Knetysalys men.
   Hodge Foke told me +tat Sym Schepherd js styl wyth Wylly,    #
and jf
+ge wyl I xal purvey +tat he xal be browth hom ere +ge kom      #
hom. It js told
me +tat he +tat kepyth +gwr schep was owth-lawyd on Munday at   #
+te swth 
of Ser Thomas Todynham, and jf jt be so +ge arn nowth lyk to    #
kepe hym
longe. And as twchyng +tat +tat +ge bodeyn me spekyn for to     #
Bakton, he seyth
he js wel avysyd +tat sche seyd sche wuld neuer have to done    #
wyth all,
nere he kan not +tenk +tat sche hath non ryth to have jt. And   #
he wyl say
lyche as he hath herd here seyd, and jf sche speke to hym       #
+ter-of he wyll
ra+ter hold wyth +gw +tan wyth here.
   I pray +gw +tat +ge wyl vwche-save to send me wurd hw +ge    #
spede in +gwr
mater twchyng Gressam, and hw Danyel js jn grace. Herry Goneld  #
hath
browth to me xl s. of Gressam syn +ge +gede, and he seyth I     #
xal have more
or Qhythson tyd jf he may pyk jt vp. I sopose Jamys Gressam     #
hath told +gw
of o+ter thyngys +tat I have sped syn +ge +gedyn hens. If I     #
here any straw[{n{]ge
tydyngys in +tis contre` I xall send +gw wurd. I pray +gw +tat  #
I may ben
recommaw[{n{]dyd to my lord Danyel.
   +Te Holy Trynyte` have +gw jn hys kepyng and send +gw helth  #
and gode
spede jn all +gwr materys twchyng +gwr ryth. Wretyn at          #
Norwyche on +te
Wedenys-day nexst after +tatt +ge partyd hens. 
+Gwrys, Margarete Paston
 
<P 223>
[} [\TO JOHN PASTON I\] }]
[} [\1448, 19 MAY\] }]

<P 224>
   Ryght worshipfull husbond, I recomaund me to yow, and prey   #
yow to
wete +tat on Friday last passed be-fore noon, +te parson of     #
Oxened beyng
at messe in our parossh chirche, euyn atte leuacion of +te      #
sakeryng, Jamys
Gloys hadde ben in +te tovne and come homward by Wymondams      #
gate.
And Wymondam stod in his gate and John Norwode his man stod by
hym, and Thomas Hawys his othir man stod in +te strete by +te   #
canell
side. And Jamys Gloys come with his hatte on his hede betwen    #
bothe
his men, as he was wont of custome to do. And whanne Gloys was  #
a-yenst
Wymondham he seid +tus, 'Couere thy heed!' and Gloys seid       #
ageyn,
'So I shall for the.' And whanne Gloys was forther passed by    #
+te space of
iij or iiij strede, Wymondham drew owt his dagger and seid,     #
'Shalt +tow so,
knave?' And +terwith Gloys turned hym and drewe owt his dagger  #
and
defendet hym, fleyng in-to my moderis place; and Wymondham and  #
his
man Hawys kest stonys and dreve Gloys into my moderis place.    #
And Hawys
folwyd into my moderis place and kest a ston as meche as a      #
forthyng lof
into +te halle after Gloys; and +tan ran owt of +te place       #
ageyn. And Gloys
folwyd owt and stod with-owt +te gate, and +tanne Wymondham     #
called
Gloys thef and seid he shuld dye, and Gloys seid he lyed and    #
called hym
charl, and bad hym come hym-self or ell +te best man he hadde,  #
and Gloys
wold answere hym on for on. And +tanne Haweys ran into          #
Wymondhams
place and feched a spere and a swerd, and toke his maister his  #
swerd. And
with +te noise of +tis a-saut and affray my modir and I come    #
owt of +te
chirche from +te sakeryng; and I bad Gloys go in to my moderis  #
place
ageyn, and so he dede. And thanne Wymondham called my moder     #
and me
strong hores, and seid +te Pastons and alle her kyn were        #
[\SOME WORDS LOST\] myngham
[\SOME WORDS LOST\] e seid he lyed, knave and charl as he was.  #
And he had meche large
langage, as ye shall knowe her-after by mowthe.
   After non my modir and I yede to +te Priour of Norwich and   #
told hym
al +tis cas, and +te Priour sent for Wymondham and +terwhyle    #
we yede hom
a-geyn and Pagraue come with vs hom. And whil Wymondham was     #
with
+te Priour, and we were at hom in our places, Gloys stod in     #
+te strete at my 
moderis gate and Hawys aspyed hym +tere as he stod on +te Lady  #
Hastyngis
chambre. A-non he come doun with a tohand swerd and assauted    #
ageyn +te
seid Gloys and Thomas my moderis man, and lete flye a strok at  #
Thomas
with +te sword and rippled his hand with his sword. And as for  #
+te latter
assaut +te parson of Oxened sygh it and wole a-vowe it. And     #
moche more
thyng was do, as Gloys can tell yow by mouthe. And for +te      #
perilx of +tat
<P 225>
myght happe by +tese premysses and +te circumstances +terof to  #
be
eschewed, by +t'aduyse of my modir and o+ter I send yow Gloys   #
to attend
up-on yow for a seson, for ease of myn owen hert; for in good   #
feyth I
wolde not for xl li. haue suyche an-o+ter trouble.
   As touchyng my Lady Morle`, she seith +tat she atte hire     #
will wole haue
+te benyfyce of hire obligacion, for hir counseyll telleth      #
hir, as she seith,
+tat it is forfayt. And she wole not haue the relif til she     #
hath your homage,
&c.
   The Lord Moleyns man gaderyth up +te rent at Gresham a gret  #
pace,
and Jamys Gresham shal telle yow more pleynly +terof at his     #
comyng.
   Nomore at +tis tyme, but Almyghty God haue yow in his        #
kepyng. Wretyn 
in hast on Trynyte` Sunday at euyn.
Yours, Margarete Paston
As touchyng Roger Foke, Gloys shall telle yow all, &c.


   Qwhan Wymdham seyd +tat Jamys xuld dy I seyd to hym +tat I   #
soposyd
+tat he xuld repent hym jf he schlow hym or dede to hym any     #
bodyly harm;
and he seyd nay, he xuld never repent hym ner have a ferdyng    #
wurth of
harm +tow he kelyd +gw and hym bothe. And I seyd +gys, and he   #
sclow +te
lest chylde +tat longyth to +gwr kechyn, and jf he dede he      #
were lyke, I
sopose, to dy for hym. It js told me +tat he xall kom to        #
London jn hast. I
pray +gw be ware hw +ge walkyn jf he be +tere, for he js ful    #
cursyd-hertyd
and lwmysch. I wot wel he wyl not set vp-on +gw manly, but I    #
be-leve he
wyl styrt vp-on +gw or on sum of +gwr men leke a thef. I pray   #
+gw hertyly
+tat +ge late not Jamys kom hom a+gen in non wyse tyl +ge kom   #
home, for myn
hertys ese; for be my trwth I wold not +tat he were hurt, ner   #
non man +tat
longyth to +gw jn +gwr absens for xx pwnd. And in gode feyth    #
he js sore
hatyd both of Wymdam and sum of hys men, and of o+ter +tat      #
Wymdam
tellyth to hys tale as hym lyst, for +ter as Wymdam tellyth     #
hys tale he
makyth hem be-levy[{n{] +tat Jamys js gylty and he no +tyng     #
gylty.
   I pray +gw hertyly here masse and o+ter servys +tat +ge arn  #
bwn to here wyth
a devwt hert, and I hope veryly +tat +ge xal spede ryth wele    #
in all +gwr
materys, be the grase of God. Trust veryly in God and leve hym  #
and serve
hym, and he wyl not deseve +gw. Of all o+ter materys I xall     #
sent +gw wurd
jn hast. 

<P 230> 
[} [\132. TO JOHN PASTON I\] }]  
[} [\1449, 28 FEBRUARY\] }]

<P 231>
   Ryt wurchypful hosbond, I recommawnd me to +gou, desyryng    #
hertyly to
heryn of +gowr wele-fare, be-seching +gou +tat +ge be not       #
displesyd +tow I be
com fro +tat place +tat +ge left me in; for be my trowth +ter   #
were browth me
seche tydyngys be dyuerys personys qhiche ben +gowre            #
wele-willerys and myn
+tat I durst no lengere abyd there, of qhyche personys I xall   #
late +gou have
wetyng qhan +ge com hom. It was done me to wete +tat dyuerys    #
of +te Lord
Moleynys men saydyn jf +tei myt gete me +tey xuld stele me and  #
kepe me
wyth-jnne +te kastell, and +tan +tey seyd +tei wold +tat +ge    #
xuld feche me owth.
An +tei seydyn it xuld ben but a lytyll hert-brenny[{n{]g to    #
+gou. And after
+tat I herd +tese tydyngys I kowd no rest have in myn hert tyl  #
I was here,
nere I durst nowt owt of +te place +tat I was jn tyll +tat I    #
was redy to ryden;
nere +ter was non in +te place wist +tat I xul com +tens save   #
+te godewyf not
an owre be-fore +tat I kam +tens. And I told here +tat I xuld   #
com hedder to
don maken seche gere as I wold haue made for me and for +te     #
childer, and
seyd I sopposyd +tat I xuld be here a fowrtennythe or iij       #
wekys. I pray +gou
+tat +te caws of my komyng away may ben kownsell tyl I speke    #
wyth +gou,
for +tei +tat lete me haue warnyng +ter-of wold not for no      #
good +tat it were
diskuryd.
   I spac wyth +gowr modyr as I kam hidderwardys, and sche      #
profyrd me,
if +ge wold, +tat I xuld abydyn in +tis town. Sche wold wyth    #
ryt+g a good
will +tat we xul abyde in here place, and delyueryn me seche    #
gere as sche
myt for-bere, to kepen wyth hwsold tyl +ge myt+g ben purvayd    #
of a place and
stuff of +gowr owyn to kepe wyth howsold. I pray +gou send me   #
word be +te
brynger of +tis how +ge wil +tat I be demenyd. I wol ben ryt+g  #
sory to dwel
so nere Gressam as I dede tyl +te mater were fully determynyd   #
be-twix +te
Lord Moleynis and +gou.
   Barow told me that +ter ware no better evydens in            #
I[{n{]glond +tan +te Lord
Moleynys hathe of +te maner of Gressam. I told hym I sopposyd   #
+tat +tei
were seche evydens as Willyam Hasard seyd +tat +gowr were: he   #
seyd +te
sellys of hem were not +gett kold. I seyd I sopposyd his        #
lordys evydens were
seche. I seyd I wost wele, as for +gowr evydens, +ter myt+g no  #
man haue non
better +tan +ge have, and I seyd +te selys of hem were to       #
hundred +gere elder
+tan he is. +Te seyd Barow sayd to me if he com to London qhil  #
+ge were
there he wold drynk wyth +gou, for any angyr +tat was be-twyx   #
+gow. He
<P 232>
seyd he dede but as a servaw[{n{]t, and as he was commawndyd    #
to don. Purry
xall tell +gou qhat langage was be-twyx Barow and me qhan I     #
kam fro
Walsy[{n{]gham. I pray +gow hertyly, at +te reverens of God,    #
be ware of +te
Lord Moleynys and his men, +tow +tei speke neuer so fayr to     #
+gou trost hem
not, ne ete not nere drynk wyth hem, for +tei ben so fals it    #
is not for to
trost in hem. And also I pray +gou be ware qhat +ge eten ar     #
drynk wyth any
othere felaschep, for +te pepyll is ful on-trosty.
   I pray +gou hertylye +tat +ge wil vowche-save to send me     #
word how +ge don
and how +ge speden in +gowr materis be +te brynger of this. I   #
merveyl meche
+tat +ge send me nomore tydyngys +tan +ge haue sent.
   Rogere Foke of Sparham sent to me and seythe +tat he dare    #
nott gon owt
of his hows for be kawse of +te sewte +tat Heydon and Wymdam    #
haue a+gens
hem, for he is thrett +tat if he may be gette he xal be ladde   #
to preson.
Heydon sent Spendlove and o+ter to wayte qhere he were, and to  #
arest hym
to +te kastell, and +te forseyd Roger is so aferd +tat his      #
drede makyth hym
so seke +tat but if he haue sokowr sone it is lyke to ben his   #
dethe.
Qhere-for I pray +gou, and he bothyn, +tat +ge wil purvay a     #
remedy for hym,
+tat he may gon at large, for it hurtit bothen +gowr katel and  #
hym, +Gowr
closys and +gowr pastowr lythe all opyn be-kawse he may not     #
gon abrodde
to don hem amendyn, and +gowr schep ar not lokyd at as +tey     #
xuld ben for
+ter is no schepeherd but Hodgis sonys, for o+ter schepherd     #
dare non abyd
+ter ner com up-on +te comown be-kause +tat Wichyngham men      #
thretyn hem
to bete if +tei comen on here komon. And but if +gowr bestys    #
mown comown
+ter jt xall ben grette hurt to hem but if +te haue more        #
pasture +tan +tei
haue be-syd +tatt.
   Watkyn Schipdam recommawndyth hym to +gou, and prayt +gou    #
+tat +ge
woll speke to Sere Jon Fastolf for +te harneys +tat +ge hadden  #
of hym, and
tellyn hym how it is +tat som +ter-of is gon, and speke to hym  #
+tat +tei +tat 
arn bownd +ter-for nere +tei +tat delyueryd it ben no hurt.
   I haue +gove Purry a gown; I pray +gou take heed qhat it is  #
and send me
word if +ge wil +tat I purway all +gowr leuere`s of +te same.   #
+Te pris of a +gerd
+ter-of is xiij d. ob., and so me semyt it is wele worth. 
   The parson of Sparrammys dowter and o+ter talkedyn largely,  #
and seydyn
+tat +ge haue hadde on schote and but if +ge ben ware +ge xall  #
haue more 
or Estern - +ge xall for-bere Sporyl and Sweynysthorp also but  #
if +ge bere 
+gou wele, er +ge haue do wyth +te mater of Gressam. It is told #
me as for
Gressam +te Lord Moleynys xuld not cleym it now no+ter be tayl  #
nere be
evydens, but be infefment of on of his anseteris qhiche dyid    #
sesynnyd, and 
in +te same wise it is seyd +tat Sweynysthorp xul be cleymyd.   #
In qhat wyse
Sporyl xuld ben cleymyd I wote not; but if +ter be any seche    #
thing to-ward
<P 233>
I send +gou wor[{d{] here-of +tat +ge may taken hede the        #
[\ABOUT SIX LETTERS LOST AT HOLE\] Thomas
Skipping seyd qhan he kam fro London to a man +tat he wend xuld #
not a 
dis[{kuryd{] it +tat +t[{...{]yke [\ABOUT EIGHT LETTERS LOST    #
AT HOLE\] to for-gon +te maner of Sporyll wyth-in ryt+g
schort tym. As for +te plentys in +te [{hundred{] Purry xa[{ll  #
tell{] +gou
qhat is don and of o+ter thingys more.
   The Holy Trynyte` haue +gou in his keping. W[{retyn at{]     #
Norwyche on
+te Fryday nexst after Puver Weddenysday.

<Q M4 XX CORP JPASTON>
<N LET TO BROTHER>
<A PASTON JOHN>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 439>
[} [\263. TO JOHN PASTON III\] }]
[} [\1471, 15 SEPTEMBER\] }]
[}TO MESTRESSE MARGRET PASTON OR TO JOHN PASTON, ESQUIER, HYR   #
SONE, IN HAST.}]

   Ryght well belouyd brother, I comande me to yow, letyng yow  #
wete +tat I
am in wellffare, I thanke God, and haue ben euyre syns +tat I   #
spake last
wyth yow; and mervayle sore +tat ye sent neuer wryghtyng to me  #
syns ye
<P 440>
departyd. I herde neuyre syn +tat tyme any worde owt off        #
Norffolk. Ye
myght att Bertelmev Feyre haue had massengerys j-nowe to        #
London, and
iff ye had sent to Wykys he scholde haue conveyd it to me.
   I herde yister-daye +tat a worsted man off Norffolk +tat     #
solde worstedys
at Wynchester seyde +tat my lord off Norffolk and my lady wer   #
on pylgrymage
at Owre Lady on foote, and so they went to Caster; and +tat at  #
Norwyche
on scholde haue had large langage to yow and callyd yow         #
traytore, and
pyked many quarellys to yow. Sende me worde ther-off. It were   #
well doo
+tat ye wer a lytell sewrere off yowr pardon than ye be. Auyse  #
yow; I deme
ye woll her-afftre ellys repent yow.
   I vndrestonde +tat Bastarde Fauconbryg is owther hedyd or    #
lyke to be,
and hys brother bothe. Som men seye he wolde haue deseruyd it,  #
and som
sey naye.
   I purpose to be att London the fyrst daye off the terme.     #
Sende me worde
whethyre ye schall be ther or nott.
   Item, I wolde wete whether ye haue spokyn wyth my lady off   #
Norffolk
or not, and off hyr dysposicion, and the howsoldys, to me and   #
to yow
wardes, and whether it be a possible to haue Caster ageyn and   #
ther goode
wyllis, or nott. And allso I praye yow vndrestande what         #
felaschyp and
guydyng is in Caster, and haue a spye resortyng in and owt; so  #
maye ye
know the secretys a-monge them.
   Ther is moche adoo in the Northe, as men seyn. I pray yow    #
be ware off
yowr guydyng, and in chyff off yowre langage, so +tat fro       #
hense forthe by
yowr langage noo man parceyue +tat ye fauor any person          #
contrary to +te
Kynges plesure.
   I vndrestonde +tat +te Lord Ryuers hathe lycence off +te     #
Kynge to goo to
Portyngale, now wyth-in thys vij nyght. I pray yow recomande    #
me to my
moodre, and beseche hyr off hyr blyssyng on my be-halue. I      #
herde not from
hyre thys x wekys, nowther I wote not whether sche be payed     #
off x li. at
Sporle ore nott. I deme yis; neuerthelesse Harry Halman is a    #
false schrew.
For all my spekyng wyth hym my-selffe, and +ter-to +te          #
[{daye{] assyngnyd by
hym-selffe, wher as he scholde haue payed at Candelmes to paye  #
me, he
hadd daye to paye Townesend tyll Fastyngonge; and at Mydsomer I
vnderstonde he had not payed Townesende, as hym-selffe tolde    #
me. He
hathe don me an hurte +terby more than he wenythe. Iffe he      #
haue not payed
my moodre I praye yow see +tat sche be payed, and scende to     #
hym for it;
and sende me worde how it is.
   Item, I praye yow scende me worde iff any off owre frendys   #
or well-wyllerys 
be dede, fore I feer +tat ther is grete deth in Norwyche and    #
in other
borowghe townese in Norffolk; for I ensure yow it is the most   #
vnyuersall
dethe +tat euyre I wyst in Ingelonde, for by my trowthe I kan   #
not her by
<P 441>
pylgrymes +tat passe +te contre`, ner noon other man +tat       #
rydethe er gothe
any contre`, +tat any borow town in Ingelonde is free from      #
+tat sykenesse.
God sease it whan it pleasyt hym. Wherffor, for Goddysake,      #
late my
moodre take heede to my yonge brytheryn, that they be nat in    #
noon place
wher that sykenesse is regnyng, nor that they dysport not wyth  #
noon other
yonge peple whyche resortythe wher any sykenesse is. And iff    #
+ter be any
off that syknesse ded or enffecte in Norwyche, for Goddes sake  #
lete hyre
sende them to som frende off hyrse in-to +te contre`, and do    #
ye +te same, by
myn advyce. Late my moodre rather remeve hyr howsolde in-to     #
+te contre`.
   Euyn now Thyrston browt me worde fro Lundon +tat it was      #
Doctore
Aleyn +tat cawsyd yowre troble +tat ye had at Norwych, and      #
+tat John
Pampyng roode for a dyscharge fore yow and +tat he hathe sped   #
well; but
hoghe, +tat wot I nott. Iff ye be cleer owt off Doctore Aleyn   #
danger, kepe
yow ther and here-afftre ye maye schoffe as well at hys carte.  #
I praye yow
sende me worde of all the forme off hys delyng wyth yow.
   I had almost spoke wyth Mestresse An Hault, but I dyd not.   #
Neuyre
thelesse thys next terme I hope to take on weye wyth hyre ore   #
othere. Sche
is agreyd to speke wyth me, and sche hopythe to doo me ease,    #
as sche
saythe. I praye yow sende me worde hoghe ye doo wyth my lady    #
Elysabeth
Boghschere; ye haue a lytell chaffyd it, but I can not tell     #
howe. Sende me
worde whether ye be in better hope ore werse. 
   I her seye +tat the Erle off Oxenffordys bretheryn be goon   #
owt off 
sceyntewarye. Syr Thomas Fulfforthe is goon owt off             #
sceyntewarye and a
gret felaschyp fettchyd hym, a iij=xx=, and they sey +tat       #
wyth-in v myle off
London he was [{wyth{] cc men, and no man wotethe where he is   #
become
not yit. The Lordes Hastyngys and Howerd be in Caleys and haue  #
it
pesebely, and Syr Walter Wrettesle` and Syr Ieffrey Gate be     #
comyn thense
and woll be at London thys daye, as it is seyde.
   Wretyn at Waltham besyd Wynchester the daye nex Holy Roode   #
Daye.
J.P., K.

<P 449>
[} [\TO JOHN PASTON III\] }]
[} [\1472, 4 NOVEMBER\] }]
[} (\A JOHAN PASTON, ESQUYERE, SOIT DONE`.\) }]

   Worshypffull and weell belovyd brother, I recomaund me to    #
yow, letyng
yow weet +tat I sente yow a letter and a rynge wyth a dyamand,  #
in whyche
letter ye myght well conceyue what I wold ye scholde do wyth    #
+te same
ryng, wyth manye other tydyngys and thyngys whyche I prayed     #
yowe to
haue doon for me; whyche letter Boton had the beryng off. It    #
is soo nowe
+tat I vndrestond that he is owther deed ore ellys harde        #
eskapyd, wheroff I
am ryght heuye, and am not serteyn whethyre the seyd letter     #
and rynge
come to yowre handys ore nott. I wolde nott that letter were    #
seyn wyth som
folkys, wherffor I praye yow take goode heede hoghe thatt       #
letter comythe
to yowre handys, hooll or brokyn; and in especiall I praye yow  #
gete it iff ye
haue it nott.
   Also I praye yow feele my lady off Norffolkys dysposicion    #
to me wardys,
and whethyre she toke any dysplesure at my langage, ore mokkyd  #
ore
dysdeyned my wordys whyche I hadd to hyre at Yarmothe be-twyen  #
the
place where I fyrst mett wyth hyre and hyre lodgyng. Fore my    #
lady Brandon
<P 450>
and Syr William also axhyd me what wordys I had had to hyre at  #
that
tyme. They seyde +tat my lady seyde I gaff hyre ther-off, and   #
+tat I sholde
haue seyde +tat my lady was worthye to haue a lordys soon in    #
hyre belye,
fore she cowde cheryshe itt and dele warlye wyth it. In         #
trowthe, owther the
same ore wordys moche lyke I had to hyre, whyche wordys I ment  #
as I seyde.
They leye to +tat I seyde she toke hyre ease. Also I scholde    #
haue seyde +tat
my ladye was off s[{t{]ature goode and had sydes longe and      #
large, so that I
was in goode hope she sholde bere a fayre chylde; he was nott   #
lacyd nore
bracyd jne to hys peyn, but +tat she lefft hym rome to pleye    #
hym in. They
seye that I seyde my lady was large and grete, and that itt     #
sholde haue rome
jnow to goo owt att. And thus whyther my lady mokk me or theye  #
I woote
nott. I mente weell, by my trowthe, to hyre and to +tat she is  #
wyth, as any
he +tat owythe heere best wyll in Ingelond. If ye can by any    #
meene weete
whethyre my ladye take it to dysplesure or nowt, or whether     #
she thynke I
mokkyd hyre, or iff she wyght it but lewdnesse off my-selffe,   #
I praye yow
sende me worde, for I woot nott whethyre I maye trust thys      #
Lady Brandon
ore nott.
   Item, os fore tydynges, nowe heer be but fewe saff that, as  #
I vndrestande,
jmbassatorys off Bretayn shall come to London to-morowe, and    #
men seye
that the Lorde Ryuerse and Scalys shall hastelye come hom, and  #
men seye
+tat ther is many off the sowdeorys +tat went to hym in-to      #
Bretayn been
deede off the flyxe and othere jpedemye, and +tat the remenant  #
sholde come
hom wyth the Lorde Skalys; and som seye +tat thees              #
jmbassatorys come for
moore men. And thys daye rennyth a tale +tat the Duke off       #
Bretayne
sholde be ded. I beleeff it nott.
   I sent yow worde off an hawke; I herde nott from yow syns.   #
I do and
shall doo +tat is possible in suche a neede.
   Also I canne nott vndrestond that my lorde off Norffolk      #
shall come heere
thys tyme, wherffore I am in a greet angonye howe js best fore  #
me to sywe
to hym fore rehauyng off my place. +Tat goode lorde woot full   #
lytell how
moche harme he doothe me, and how lytell goode ore worshyp it   #
dothe
hym. I praye yow sende me yowre advyce.
   No moore to yowe at thys tyme, but God haue yow in hys       #
kepyng.
Wretyn at London +te iiij daye off Novembre A=o= E. iiij=ti=    #
xij=o=. I feere me +tat
jdelnesse ledythe yowre reyne. I praye yow rathere remembre     #
Syr Hughe
Lavernoys tyll yowre hauke come.
John Paston, K.

<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q M4 XX CORP TMULL>
<N LET TO BROTHERINLAW>
<A MULL THOMAS>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D X>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,125>
[} [\123.THOMAS MULL TO WILLIAM STONOR\] }]
[} [\1472\] }]

   Cosen, I recommaunde me to you. And wher as I fele by your
letter and wrytyng that my Mastres hath not that good wyll of   #
you as
sume tyme ye ought her, Syr, ye may owe her right good will,    #
how be
<P I,126>
yt that it be not in so herty wyse as ye dyde before. But and   #
I understode
+tat she had seyd to you +tes wordes: "Syr, I wold not have     #
you,
but yt so bee +tat I may have C. li. or CC. marcs with you in   #
joyntur":
Syr, then it had ben a mater by which ye myght conceyve +tat    #
shee +ten
had loved your londe better +ten your self. But I understond    #
that ther
wer no such wordes, but I conceyve the wordes wer +tees:        #
"Syr, I may
have CCC. marcs in joyntur, and I to take +te lesse when I may  #
have 
+te more, my ffrendes wold +tenke me not wyse &c. : and howe    #
be yt,
your ffader wol not geve me, yet lette hym do well to you." In  #
which
wordes I understond noon utter nay. But and ye in your mynde    #
conceyve 
+tat shee hath yoven you an utter nay, then shall ye by myn     #
assent
never speke more of the mater, but lette yt goo: but yf it be   #
so +tat ye
your self brake the mater for +tat shee seid, "I may have CCC.  #
marcs
in joyntur," +ten shee hath geven no cause in her parte of an   #
utter
breche: for it ys not oon to sey, I may have wi+t a man CC.     #
marcs, and
+tes wordes, I woll not have you but it so be I may have CC.    #
marcs in
joyntur wi+t you. But for al thys resonyng I wold knowe +tis    #
of you:
and the case wer so +tat shee wolde ben agreable to have you    #
with xl.
li. or iiij=xx= marcs joyntur, wolde your herte +ten love as    #
ye have doon
before +tys seson? +tis question wolde I knowe of you, for and  #
I knowe
your disposicion in this behalf, I trowe to God al +tis love    #
and mater of
love wolde be revyvyd ayen in short seson: ffor and it so be    #
+tat ye
brake +tis mater for a lytyl hastynes of your self, +ten wolde  #
I not we left
so: but and shee wer +te cause of brech, +ten woll I not stere  #
ne avise
you after +tis ne+ter to write nor sende to her. But oon thyng  #
I dar safly
sey in my conceyte, that shee on her parte sithe your           #
departier hath
ben vexed and trowbelyd with +te +trowes of love more           #
fervently in her
mynde +ten ye have ben syth vexid wi+t her seyinges. And +tis   #
my cause 
so to sey and deme, I know oonys for certeyn shee loved you as  #
a parfyte
lover, and +tat right late never better +ten +te last seson     #
+tat shee was
in London. Trewe it ys love oones parfytide, +tough +ter hap    #
sum
daungerus speche or countenaunce, yet ys not +te hole ffyr of   #
love
quenchyd, but when +tat +te person, +tat was moste daungerus    #
in speche
or countenaunce, by her self allow: wher as shee may revolve    #
at her
lyberte wi+toute controllyng every +tyng +tat longeth to loves  #
daunce,
+tough +te fflame of the ffyre of love may not breke oute so    #
+tat it may be
seyn, yet the hete of love in yt self is never +te les, but     #
rather hootter in
yt self. Wherfor I sey +tis for certayne, I dare depose for     #
her +tat the
sharpe and unwar chaunges from thought to +tought, and ofte     #
remembrance
of the trowbely wawes of love have so possid her to and fro in
<P I,127>
her owne mynde, +tat shee desyreth as sore after relief, as     #
fer as shee
may for shame, as +te man in the water desyreth to be releved   #
frome
drownyng in +te perill of +te see: but daunger and shame woll   #
not suffir
her to speke yt with oute it be so +tat +ter be sume newe       #
mocyon made
to her &c.: the menes wherof I have compassid in my mynde,      #
which
by +te mercy of Gode I woll attempte yf it so be ye kan be      #
plesid +tat
way, and +tat in shorte tyme. Syr, if I may, I woll be with     #
you on
Saturday or Sonday &c. I wot well ye remembre what your ffader  #
by
his last letter assure+te you in joyntur: and syr, +tat ys      #
feyr: and as for
o+ter thynges touchyng your self, I shall enfourme you at our   #
next
metynge to your hertes plesyr, with the mercy of Jhesu, which   #
preserve
you. 
Thomas Mull.
  
   To William Stonor of Horton in Kent, be this letter          #
delivered in
haste. 

<Q M4 XX CORP TMULL>
<N LET TO RELATIVE>
<A MULL THOMAS>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D X>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,127>
[} [\124.THOMAS MULL TO THOMAS STONOR\] }]
[} [\1472\] }]

   Right worshipfull Brother, I recomaund me to you. And in as
muche as that my Cosen Willyam cumeth home to you hymself,      #
therfore
I wrytt not to you of the demyng &c., ne of the communicacion
betwen my seid Cosen and my Mastres Blounte: but this direccion
have I taken in the mater, I have thorowly comyned with the     #
preste +tat
I spoke to you of, and tolde hym my conceyte howe he shal be    #
demened
in brekynge with my seid Mastres: and that he shall not breke   #
to much
at oones to her, but ever when he spekyth in the mater to her   #
and fele
here, and certenly to marke her wordes unto the tyme that he    #
be verily
assured in hymself, as nygh as he kan, of her disposicion. And  #
over
+tat I have appoynted with hym that withyn iiij dayes after     #
+tat he is
come to my seide mastres I shal send hym a letter directe to    #
her fro me
<P I,128>
and in my name: and he hath promysid me that every letter +tat  #
I
sende here shal be brekyn or he departe from her. And the man   #
+tat
shal ber the letter shal be namede, Cosen, to +te said prest,   #
so +tat he shal
abide +ter in the howse. And, if it so be +te preste fele her   #
veryly applyable,
+te messenger shall [{speke{] with her hymself. John Foorde
shal do the message, and abide ther ij or iij dayes. Furste I   #
was disposid
to have sente to +te [{Norce{] to have felte my seid Mastres:   #
but
me thought after, +tat it had not bene beste, for paraventur    #
the Norce
wolde feer to breke fer wi+te her, and also shee myght not      #
contynue and
abide uppon the communicacion. This preste may alwey have       #
liberte
and lesyr to speke with her. And I have lefte with him a        #
remembrance
in writyng how I wol he shal do, wherein I am verily assured he
wol do his parte &c. Syr, as for my Cosen Willyam, for God is   #
sake
callyth hym forth with you when he is at home with you, and     #
let him
walke with you, and gevyth wordes of good comforte, and beth    #
good
ffader unto hym, as I certenly knowe ye be, and so letyth hym   #
veryly
understond and know. For, Syr, he is disposid to be a musyr     #
and a
studyer, which remembreth and breketh that as much as ye may.   #
And
Syr, but if +tis mater sum dele come of her own hert, she shal  #
not otherwyse
be labored to for certen. Also, yf it can be, the preste        #
promysith
me that she shall sende me worde in writyng of her dysposicion, #
if her
disposicion be to us warde: which letter I shall sende you and  #
my seid
Cosyn. And veryly, if she be appliable, it is to be remembred   #
her of
her joyntur of the lorde Montjoy, and also of her own ffader,   #
for he
taketh the profite of a grete parte: and also in what case      #
lorde Montjoy
is land standeth it is good to be remembred to her. And I       #
beseche
Jhesu spede and directe this mater to his plesyr, and to        #
preserve you
and yours &c.
Thomas Mull.
To my Right worshipfull Brother, Thomas Stonor.

<Q M4 XX CORP ESTONOR>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A STONOR ELIZABETH>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EMO>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P II,10>
[} [\169.ELIZABETH STONOR TO WILLIAM STONOR\] }]
[} [\12 SEPTEMBER, 1476.\] }]

   Right Reverent and Worshipfull and enteirly best belovyd     #
Cosyn, I
recommende me unto you in the most lowlyest wyse that I best    #
can or
may. And syr, as this day by your servaunt Thomas Mathew I      #
receyvyd
a letter from you, by the which letter I understonde that +ge   #
be
sumwhat amended and shall every day better and better +ten      #
other by
+te grace of God. Also, gentyll Cosyn, I understonde that my    #
brother
and yowris is sore seke of the poxes: wherfore I am right hevy  #
and
sory of your beyng there, ffor the eyre of poxe is ffull        #
contagious and
namely to them than ben nye of blode. Wherfore I wolde praye    #
you,
<P II,11>
gentyll Cosyn, that +ge wolde come hedyr, and yif hit wolde     #
plese you
so to doo, &c. And yif that hit lyke you not so to doo,         #
Gentill Cosyn,
lettith me have hedyr some horsis I pray you, and that I may    #
come to
you, ffor in good faith I can fynde hit in my herte to put my   #
self in
jubardy there as ye be, and shall do whilst my lyffe endureth   #
to the
plesure of God and yours. For in good faith I thought never so  #
longe
sith I see yow, ffor in trowth I hadde will hopid that your     #
horsis shulde
a ben here as +tis night; and that I tho+gt verely, and so      #
poyntid my self
for to a be with you as +te morue at night with Godes mercy,    #
which
shulde have ben to me right a grete comfort; ffor in good       #
faith I have not
ben mery at myn hert +tis sevynnight day ffor dyverse maters    #
the whiche
hath ben brokyn to me. Wherfore I wyst full hertly dyverse      #
tymes +tat +ge
hadde ben here: ffor I wot will that ye coulde an answeryd in   #
certayne
maters better +ten I: ffor truly I had not so besy a weke sith  #
I cam
hedyr, exepte oone day, which sir William, and John Mathewe     #
both
can enfourme you parte +terof. And Syr, as towchyng my          #
childeryn I
hertly thanke you that hit lyke you so for to tend them: but    #
+git, Gentyll
Cosyn, yif hit plese you to sende hem up with such horsis as    #
hit lykith
you to send for me, I wolde hertly pray you, ffor the poxe ben  #
past out
of this Countre and Cyte as fer as I understonde, blessyd be    #
God.
Gentyll Cosyn, I pray you hertly that I may have a redy worde   #
from
you on Saterday at nyght at +te ferthest; for in trowth I can   #
not be
mery unto +te tyme that I know verely how that +ge will I be    #
demenyd
hereyn. No more to you at this tyme, but almyghty Jhesu         #
preserve
you, and kepe you longe in good hele of body and longe to lyve  #
in
vertu to Godes plesure, and so to your moste hertes desire,     #
amen. At
London +te xij day of Septembr. A=o= xvj.
   And myn sonne Betson recommende hym unto you as hertely as   #
he
can or may, and bysowght to vouchsaffe to pray for hym &c. :    #
and ye
shall Rec. ij letters of hym by John Mathewe. And as this day   #
viij of
the Cloke in +te morning he toke his barge. I pray God sende    #
hym
good spede, amen.
By your ovne Elysabeth Stonore.
   To my Right Worshipfull Cosyn, Willm. Stonor, squiere, this  #
be
delyvered.

<P II,13>
[} [\ELIZABETH STONOR TO WILLIAM STONOR\] }]
[} [\22, OCTOBER 1476\] }]

<P II,14>
   Right interly and best belovyd husbond, I recomaund me unto  #
you
in my most herty wyse, evermore thankyng you right hertely off  #
all
kyndeness to me schewed at all tymes, and nowe ffor your good   #
Venysone
and Coneys, the wheche you sent me be Heri Blakhall, the whech
is gret deyntis to have here in London: wherfor I sent the      #
halffe
hawnche to my ffadyr and a cowpyll off coneys: and they         #
recomaund
them unto you and thanke you ryght hertely. And sur, you schall
undyrstond that I have be with my Lady of Southfolke as on      #
Thursday
last was, and wayted uppon hyr to my lady the Kynges Modyr and
hyrse, be hyr commaundment. And also on Satyrday last was I     #
wayted
uppon hyr thedyr ageyne, and allso ffro thens she wayted uppon  #
my
lady hyr Modyr, and browght hyr to Grenwyche to the Kyngis good
grace and the quenyse: and ther I sawe the metyng betwyne the   #
Kynge
and my ladye his Modyr. And trewly me thowght it was a very     #
good
syght. And sire, I was with my lady of Southfolke at this day   #
hopyng
that I myght have hade hyre at sume leysyre that I myght a      #
spokyn to
hyr ffor the money, but trwly sche was very besy to make hyre   #
redy, ffor
sche is redyne to Cauntyrbery as this same day, and sche wyll   #
be here
ageyne as on Satyrday next comyng, ffor so sche told me hyr     #
selff. Also
Sire, I spake with my cosyn Fowler at my lady the Kyngis        #
Modyr; and
I thankyde hyme as hertely as I cowde for his gret kyndnese     #
that he
schewid to you and to me at all tymys, prayeng hyme of his      #
good contynuans:
and he askyde me when you wyld cum hydyr. And I tellyd
hym that I supposyd that you wyld be her as this weke. And      #
also I spake
with my cosyne Rokysse: and he askyd me in leke wyse, and he    #
seyth
itt is not hys ffortune to mete with you here in London: and I  #
spake to
hyme ffor John Mathews mater, and prayed hym to be good master  #
unto
hym: and he awnswerd me ageyne, and seyde that he had lytyll    #
cause,
for he seyth that he have ben the most importune manne that     #
myght
be to hymewardes. And I awnswerd and seyde to hyme, that I      #
coude
never undyrstond hyt but that he owght hyme his servyse to his  #
powre.
And Sire, my lady of Southfolke is halfindell dysplesyd         #
because that
my Cystere Barantyne is no better arayed, and leke wyse my      #
Cyster
Elysabeth. And sche seyth with owght they be otherwyse arayed,  #
sche
seyth, sche may not kep them: and sche seyth that my Moder and
yours schuld saye that you have I-nowe to ffynd my Cyster       #
Elysabeth
with all. Also I undyrstond +tat Sure John Buttelyr hath        #
spokyn to my
lady to have my Cyster Barantyne with hyme: what he menyth      #
therin
<P II,15>
we wot nere, with oute that he wold have the rewle of hyr       #
husbandys
lyvelode be that meane. Wherffore my Cyster wold speke with you
ffore that mater to have your cownsell in what is best to do.   #
And Sire,
as ffor my sone Betsonne I herde no worde ffrome hyme sith you  #
departyd:
for ther commyth no passage this viij dayese. And Sire, I
wold pray you whenne Davy Wrixame commyth to you owght off      #
Cottyswold,
that ye wold send hyme hydder that he myght wryght to my sonne
howe he have done in the contre. And good Sire, I pray you      #
that my
blewe gowne of damaske may be sent to me ageyne alhalowne day,  #
and
my cofferse and my dowter Caterynes, that I spake to you        #
ffore: And
sire, suche kercherse and smokkys and small japys that be in    #
the chest
that Cateryne my womanne had role of, whech chest stondyth in   #
my
sonne Betsonys Chaumbre. And Sire, I wold pray you that +gee    #
wold
send this gere to me that I myght take rekenyg of hyre: ffor    #
she skevisith
hyr and sey that suche gere as I aske her is there. Sir, I      #
pray you send
me no more ryngis with stonys: ffore the ryng that you sent me  #
be Hery
Blakhall, the stone is ffallyn owght be the way and loste:      #
wherffore I
ame sory. Good sire, let it not be long or I may se you: for    #
truly me
thynke ryght long syth I se you. Your chylderne and myne ffare  #
well,
blessyd be God, and they be to me a gret cowmfort in your       #
absens.
No more to you at this tyme, but almyghti Jhesu preserve and    #
kepe you
in long helth and vertue to hys plesure. At London the xxij     #
day of
Octobre.
   My owne Cosyne, I sende you a bladyr with powdyr to drynke   #
when
+ge go to bede, ffor hit is holsome ffor you.
Be your ovne to my powre Elysabeth Stonore.

   To my Ryght well-belovyd Cosyn Wyllm. Stonor, squyer, at     #
Stonore,
this be delyveryd.

<P II,18>
[} [\176.ELIZABETH STONOR TO WILLIAM STONOR\] }]
[} [\11 DECEMBER, 1476\] }]

   Ryght entirely and beste belovyd husbonde I recommende me    #
unto
you in the most lovyng wyse that I best can or may. Moreover,   #
pleseth
hit yow to understonde that I have receyvyd your letter, a      #
byll closid in
the said letter, which I have redd and ryght well               #
understondyd: and as
<P II,19>
for all such stuff as the said byll specefyth of, as yet I      #
have not receyvyd.
How be hit the barge is comyn with +te said stuff as +tis       #
nyght at vij of
clocke: and Syr, soo hit will be the morne or I can receyvyd    #
hit.
Fer+termore, syr, plesith hit yow to wit that as on ffryday     #
last past I
dyende with my ffadir and my modir. And +ter was at dyner with  #
hym
+te frendys of +ge childe which was movid for oone of my        #
do+gters at your
last beyng heere. And so at after dyner +tey hadde +tere        #
comunycation
for +te said mateer, wherby I understode +ter dispocitions how  #
+tat +tey
were disposid in the said mateer. And truly hit was nothyng as  #
hit
was spokyn of at +te begynnyng: wherfore I answeryd and said    #
in +tis
wyse: that +too shee were my childe, as she is, I coulde not    #
answere that
mateer without yow nor noght wolde doo. How be hit, I answeryd  #
in
your byhalf: that I wyst ryght well +tat +ge wolde be ry+gt     #
kynd and
lovyng ffadir, yif God ffortunyd that ye and they shulde dele.  #
And Sir,
there as ye wryte that +tat +te bargemen ben loth to take and   #
Rec. any
stuff of ours I marveyle gretely: ffor truly to my knowlege I   #
hadde
never +ting caryed by any of them but +tat I paid them truly    #
+terfore.
And Sir, as for +te vj cowpull of haberndens, the which ye      #
wryte ffore,
they shall be bought and sente yow ryght shortly. And as ffor   #
your
gownys of chamlet and dublettes of sylke, I have bought hem:    #
the which
shall plese yow ryght well, I trust to God, at your comyng,     #
&c. And
Sir, my sonne Betson recommende hym unto yow, and he come home
as on Monday last past, and he hath brought with hym, blessid   #
be God,
good tythynges, the which he and I shall enfourme yow at your   #
comyng.
And ther as ye wryte that ye will sende me of a wylde bore and  #
other
venson ayenst Sonday, truly I thanke yow as hertly as I can.    #
But truly
yet I wolde pray yow that ye wolde spede yow hedyr als sone as  #
ye can:
ffor I wolde trust to Godes mercy hit shoulde be to your        #
profetes and
avayle in tyme comyng by the grace of our Lord, who ever        #
preserve and
kepe yow to his plesur and your most herts comfort. Amen. At
London the xj day of Decembre A=o= xvj.
   And Cosen, heras ye wryte to me +tat I had no leysyr: truly  #
I have ben
crised and besy, ellys I wyld have wryte to you or thys tyme.
By your ovne Elysabeth Stonore.

   To my Ryght well belovyd Cosen, Willm. Stonere, esquyer at   #
Stoner
+tis be delyverd.  

<P II,22>
[} [\180.ELIZABETH STONOR TO WILLIAM STONOR\] }]
[} [\7 MARCH, 1477\] }]

   Ryght enterly and best belovyd husbond, I recomaund me unto  #
you
as hertely as I can. Syre, I have ress[{eyved{] a letter ffrom  #
you, and a
nothyr letter +tat my son Betson sent you and a tokyn from you  #
be your
servant Christoffyre, whech letter I have red and ryght well    #
undyrstond.
And as towchyng John Elmys, truly, syre, he is a marvelus man:  #
I conseyve
be my son +tat he wold goo from his promesse +tat he made to
you and to hym of his woll +tat hyt suchld aryse as good in     #
pokyng thys
+gere as hyt ded +te last +gere: and +tat I consyve he cannot   #
make good:
but never +te lesse I dout not but +tat you and my son Betson   #
wyll
handyll +te matyrs well I-nowe: ffore blessyd be God +ge be on  #
+te surere
syde: ffore all +te sayde woll I have ress[{eyved{] hyte and    #
fayer howsyd
hyt: and +gyt ffore all that I wot well +tat you and my son     #
wylnot dele
with hym othyrewyse than ryght and consyes wyll requere, and    #
+tat is
best. Syre, I thank you hertely +tat hyt plesyd you to wyshe    #
me with
you at redyng off my letter: truly I wold I had a be there      #
with you at
+te same seson with all my hert. And as towchyng my brothyre    #
Stonore,
truly syre ther was no bodye +tat tellyd me precysly +tat hyt   #
was he, but
I knowe well hyt was he, ffore hyt was sayde to me +tat I kept  #
you here
among a meany of boyes with othyre langwage more, whech was not
fyttyng fore to have such langwage of any servant that long to  #
you ore
me: fore, and he remembyre hym selff well, he hath no cause to  #
saye
of me otherwyse than well: fore I never sayde to dysplease hym  #
be my
wyll, but fore hys own worshypp, and +tat knowyth God, how      #
ever preserve
you. At London, +te vij day of Marche. Cateryn and Hue Fenne 
recomaund them unto you, and they praye fore you as they can.   #
And
<P II,23>
Syre Wyllm. Stavelye and all your howshold ffaryth well,        #
blessyd be
God.
By your owne to my pouer Elysabeth Stonore.
   My good Cosen, I am crassed in my baket: you wat what I men.
   To my ryght worschypfull Cosyn Wyllm. Stonore, squyer, at    #
Stonore
be this delyvered.

<Q M4 XX CORP BETSON>
<N LET TO BRIDE>
<A BETSON THOMAS>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D X>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P II,6>
[} [\166.THOMAS BETSON TO KATHERINE RYCHE\] }]
[} [\1 JUNE, 1476\] }]

   My nowne hartely belovid Cossen Kateryn, I recomande me unto
yow withe all the inwardnesse of myn hart. And now lately ye    #
shall
understond +tat I resseyvid a token ffrom you, the which was    #
and is to
me right hartely welcom, and with glad will I resseyvid it;     #
and over
that I had a letter ffrom Holake, youre gentyll Sqwyer, by the  #
which I 
understond right well +tat ye be in good helth off body, and    #
mery at
<P II,7>
hart. And I pray God hartely to his plesour to contenew the     #
same:
ffor it is to me veray grete comfforth +tat ye so be, so helpe  #
me Jhesu.
And yff ye wold be a good etter off your mete allwaye, that ye  #
myght
waxe and grow ffast to be a woman, ye shuld make me the         #
gladdest
man off the world, be my trouth: ffor whanne I remembre your    #
ffavour
and your sadde loffynge delynge to me wardes, ffor south ye     #
make me
evene veray glade and joyus in my hart: and on the to+tersyde   #
agayn
whanne I remembre your yonge youthe. And seeth well that ye
be none eteter off youre mete, the which shuld helpe you        #
greately in
waxynge; ffor south +tan ye make me veray hevy agayn. And       #
therffore
I praye you, myn nown swete Cossen, evene as you loffe me to    #
be mery
and to eate your mete lyke a woman. And yff ye so will do ffor  #
my
loveff, looke what ye will desyre off me, whatsomever it be,    #
and be my
trouth I promesse you by the helpe of our Lord to perfforme it  #
to my
power. I can [{no{] more say now, but at my comyng home I will  #
tell
you mych more betwene you and me and God beffore. And where as 
ye, ffull womanly and lyke a loffer, remembre me with           #
manyffolde recomendacion
in dyversse maners, remyttynge the same to my discresscion
to depart them +ter as I loveff best, ffor south, myn nown      #
swete Cossen,
ye shall understond +tat with good hart and good will I         #
resseyve and
take to my self the one halff off them, and them will I kepe    #
by me;
and the to+ter halff with hartely loveff and ffavour I send     #
hem to you,
myn nown swete Cossen, agayn, ffor to kepe by you: and over     #
that I
send you the blissynge +tat our Lady gaveffe hir dere sonne,    #
and ever
well to ffare. I pray you grete well my horsse, and praye hym   #
to gyffe
yow iiij off his yeres to helpe you with all: and I will at my  #
comynge
home gyff hym iiij off my yeres and iiij horsse lofes till      #
amendes. Tell
hym +tat I prayed hym so. And Cossen Kateryn I +tannke you ffor 
hym, and my wiff shall +tanke you ffor hym hereafter; ffor ye   #
do grete
cost apon hym as it is told me. Myn nown swete Cossen, it was   #
told
me but late +tat ye were at Cales to seeke me, but ye cowde     #
not se me
nor ffynde me: ffor south ye myght have comen to my counter,    #
and
+ter ye shuld bothe ffynde me and see me, and not have ffawtid  #
off me:
but ye sought me in a wronge Cales, and +tat ye shuld well      #
know yff ye
were here and saw this Cales, as wold God ye were and som off   #
them
with you +tat were with you at your gentill Cales. I praye      #
you, gentill
Cossen, comaunde me to the Cloke, and pray hym to amend his
unthryffte maners: ffor he strykes ever in undew tyme, and he   #
will be
<P II,8>
ever affore, and that is a shrewde condiscion. Tell hym with    #
owte he
amend his condiscion that he will cause strangers  to advoide   #
and come
no more there. I trust to you that he shall amend agaynest myn
commynge, the which shalbe shortely with all hanndes and all    #
ffeete
with Godes grace. My veray ffei+gtheffull Cossen, I trust to    #
you +tat
thowe all I have not remembred my right worshipfull maystres    #
your
modyr affore in this letter +tat ye will off your gentilnesse   #
recomaunde
me to her maystresshipe as many tymes as it shall ples you:     #
and ye
may say, yff it plese you, that in Wytson Weke next I intend    #
to +t=e=
marte ward. And I trust you will praye ffor me: ffor I shall    #
praye
ffor you, and, so it may be, none so well. And Almyghty Jhesu   #
make
you a good woman, and send you many good yeres and longe to     #
lyveffe
in helth and vertu to his plesour. At greate Cales on this      #
syde on the
see, the ffyrst day off June, whanne every man was gone to his  #
Dener,
and the Cloke smote noynne, and all oure howsold cryed after    #
me and
badde me come down; come down to dener at ones! and what answer
I gaveffe hem ye know it off old.
Be your ffei+gtheffull Cossen and loffer Thomas Betson.
   I sent you this rynge ffor a token.

   To my ffei+gtheffull and hartely belovid Cossen Kateryn      #
Ryche at
Stonor this letter be delyvered in hast.          

<Q M4 XX CORP BETSON>
<N LET TO MOTHERINLAW>
<A BETSON THOMAS>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D X>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P II,46>
[} [\211.THOMAS BETSON TO DAME ELIZABETH STONOR\] }]
[} [\17 MAY 1478\] }]

   Right honorable and my Synguler good lady, with due          #
reverens as
is accordynge I recommaund me unto your good ladyshipe. And
<P II,47>
ffer+termore lyketh it yowre good ladyshipe to know that on     #
trenyte
evyne last passed I come unto Cales: and I thannke +te good     #
lord hartely
I had a fful fare passege, and the bettyr I know well it was    #
throw your
good prayers, off the which, iff y durst be so bold, I wille    #
beseche your
ladyshipe off countenewance, and I to my power shall remembre   #
your
good ladyshipe with all your loffers dayly amonges my poure     #
prayers,
off the whiche, yff they be good and acceptable unto God, my    #
mayster
your husband, your good ladyshipe, with all your children I     #
beseche
him hartely ye may have parte: and I beseche almyghty Jhesu to  #
send
your good ladyshipe as comffortable helthe and welffare at      #
Stonor or
elles where as ever ye had in eny place to Godes plesour. And   #
good
madame, I beseche your good ladyshipe to remembre my Cossen     #
Katteryn
of all such matters as I spake unto your ladyshipe off at many
dyverse tymes, as ye know: I remembre hir ffull off, God know   #
it: I
dremyd ones she was xxx wynter off age; and whanne I woyke I    #
wyschyd
she had bene but xx: and so by lykelyod I am soner lyke to      #
have my
wysche +tan my dreme, the whych I beseche all myghty Jhesu      #
hartely
may be whanne it shall plese hym. Also good madame, and it      #
lyke you
to wete, as on Friday next after Corpus Christi day I intend    #
unto the
marte wardes, our blissid lorde be my spede and helpe me +ter   #
and send
me good payment off all oure dettours. And I beseche your       #
ladyshipe
to recommaund me unto my mayster your husbaund. And I praye +te
good lord to send me good tidynges ffrom you bothe and ffrom    #
all
youres. Writen at Cales the xvij day off Maii, (\An=o=. ut      #
supra.\)
Be your ffeythffull servaunt, Thomas Betson.
   And I send your ladyshipe a token here inclosed, the which   #
youre
ladishipe knowith right well.
   At my commynge ffrom the marte, with Godes grace, your       #
ladyshipe
shall have more writynge ffrom me how I have spedd, and in      #
lyke wyse
my mayster your husbaund: and our blissid lord Jhesu Christ     #
preserve
you bothe in honour and worshipe vertuosly to contenew to       #
Godes
plesour, and also to send you good and proffitable counsell     #
and grace
to doo +ter after: this is and shalbe my prayer for sothe       #
every daye:
your honour and worshipe off contenewaunce here after           #
stykkythe as
nye myn hart as dothe eny freind, man or o+ter about you, be my
trouthe, our blissid lord so helpe me. I will avyse you,        #
madame, to
remembre large expensez and be ware of them, and in lyke wyse   #
my
mayster your husbaund: it is well done ye remembre hym off      #
them ffor
<P II,48>
dyverse consederacions, as ye know bothe right well. And our    #
blissid
lord be your comfforther and help in all your good workes,      #
Amen.

   To +te right honorable and my right Synguler good lady,      #
Dame Elsabeth
Stonore, this letter be delyvered in hast.  

<P II,53>
[} [\216.THOMAS BETSON TO DAME ELIZABETH STONOR\] }]
[} [\18 JUNE 1478\] }]

   Ryht honorable and my ryht synguler good lady, I recomaund   #
me
unto your good ladyschipe in the mooste lowlyest wyse that I    #
best can
or may, ever more desiryng to here and know off your            #
wellffare, the
whiche I beseche almyghty Jhesu to preserve and kepe to his     #
plesour
and to your mooste hartes desyre. And ffer+ter more, liketh it  #
your
good ladyschipe to wete that this same daye I come to London.   #
And
at my commynge home it was told me how that my mayster your     #
husband
had bene verry sore seeke: the which I know well hath not bene  #
to
your hartes comfforte, nor also to the comfforte of your        #
howsold: off
the whiche ffor sothe I am right sory. Nevertheles I            #
undyrstond seth
by dyverse his maystershipe is right well amendid and well      #
recovered:
off the which truly I am right joyffull and glad. And I beseche
Almyghty Jhesu send hym als vertuous helth as I wold have       #
myselff,
and your good ladyshipe also. And yff I cowde do eny thynge     #
here
that myght be to hys plesour and youres, I wold I knew it and   #
it shuld
be done withouten ffayll. Truly your discomfforth is nat myn    #
comffort,
God knowith it. Nevertheles your ladyschipe muste cause hym to  #
be
mery, and off glade chere, and to put awaye all ffantasyes and  #
unthryfty
thoughtes that comes no good off but onely hurtffull. A man     #
may hurt
hymselff by ryotouse meanes; it is good to be ware. Good        #
madame, I
besech you to be off good chere, and I praye God comfforte you  #
and
send you vertuous helth. And also I besech you to remembre my
Cossen Kateryn. I wold she did well, God knowithe it, and ye    #
deme,
as I trowe, yff I had ffownd hir at home here my comfforte      #
shuld have
bene the more: but I thannke God off all: my payn is the more:  #
I
muste nedes suffer as I have done in tymes past, and so will I  #
do ffor
Godes sayke and hirs. I send my mayster a dossen quayles to     #
ete: I
praye God they may do hym good to God ward, and all them that   #
ete
of them. I can send your ladischipe no deyntees: I am but now
comen home. And our blissid Lord preserve your good ladishipe   #
in
vertu ever. Amen. At London the xviij day off June.
Your servaunt T. Betson.
<P II,54>
   Madaym, Goddard Oxbryge recommaundes hym unto your           #
ladyschipe 
and prayethe you that ye wold woochsaveffe to speke to my       #
mayster
your husband ffor his money. He desyred me to wryte ffore it:   #
it is
well done +tat it be so paied ffor dyverse causes: a Cossen of  #
his shuld
have it to pay it +ter as he owith it. And our blissid Lord be  #
with you,
ever, ever, ever, Amen.
 
   To my Right worshipffull and Synguler good lady, dame        #
Elsabeth
Stonor, at Stonor this be delyvered. 

<P II,63>
[} [\224.THOMAS BETSON TO DAME ELIZABETH 
STONOR\] }]
[} [\31 JULY, 1478\] }]

<P II,64>
   Right honorable and my right synguler good lady, I           #
recommaund
me unto your good ladischipe. And, Madam, yff it lyke you,      #
seth I
come home to London I mette with my lady, your modyr, and God
wote she made me right sulleyn chere with hir countenaunce      #
whyles I
was with hir: me thought it longe till I was departid. She      #
brayke
unto me of old ffernyeres, and spescially she brayke to me off  #
the tayll
I told hir betwene the vicar +tat was and hir: she said the     #
vicar never
ffared well seth, he tooke it so mych to hart. I told hire a    #
lyght
answere ageyn, and so I departid ffrom hir. I had no joye to    #
tary with
hir. She is a ffyn mery woman, but ye shall nat know it nor     #
yit ffynd
it, nor none of youres by that I se in her. Modyr mydwiffe      #
told me
+tat nowdyr my lady your modyr, my lady Stoker, nor hir         #
husbaund
come ones to se my cossen Anne sethe she come to hir, nor yet   #
axse
ones how she ffared, and yff my lady, your modyr, mete my       #
cossen Anne
she will say no more but "Godes blissynge have ye and myne,"    #
and so
goo hir waye fforthe as thow she had no joye off hir. Whanne    #
ye come
to London I shall tell you more. My cossen Anne hath bene with  #
me
here at home, and she is hole and right well amendid and as a
woman shulde be, +ter is no fawte, our blissid lord be          #
thannkyd and his
blissid modyr. Good Madam, by the next at comes lett hir have   #
all
hir clothes, she hath nede unto them, and that knowith owre     #
lord, who
ever preserve you, Madam, and all yours in longe helth and      #
vertu to
his plesour. At London the last day off Juyll, (\A=no=          #
supra\) .
Be your servaunt Thomas Betson.
   Jentil Madam, I beseche you that I may be recomaundid unto   #
my
cossen, your dou+ghter Kateryn, and our lord be with you both.  #
Also,
Madam, yff it lyke you, I have bene with my brodyr, John        #
Betson, ffor
money, and be my trouth I can none have off hym, he hath        #
shewid me
that my Mayster your husbaund and ye owe hym ffor dyverse       #
wynes,
Summa xij. li. vj. s. viij. d., as by the parcells herin        #
closed more clerelyar
it appereth, the which parcelles my brodyr saith that +tei be   #
trew.
Wherffore, good Madam, I beseche you to speke unto my mayster,  #
to
the intent I myght have the money here as shortely as can be.   #
I muste
pay to John Tate vj li. for +te felles that I have shippid      #
now, and to
Whyte of Bradway I muste pay iiij li., and I muste pay to the   #
porters and
o+ter for costes xl s. And so God save my soull I have it nat.  #
I will
nat be so bare agayn of money a good whyle, with Godes grace.   #
It was
the best dett I saw in his booke, so God help me, and           #
+terffore I tooke
<P II,65>
it over unto me ffor payment, and I hold me plesed with all.    #
Jhesu
preserve you ever, Amen.

<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q M4 XX CORP GCELY>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A CELY GEORGE>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 43>
[\GEORGE CELY AT CALAIS TO RICHARD CELY THE ELDER AT
LONDON, 21 MARCH 1478/9\]

   Ryght rewerent and whorshipffull ffadyr, afftyr all dew      #
recomendasyon
I recomeavnd me vnto yow in the most lowlyest
whisse that I con or may // Fordyrmor plesythe ytt yow to       #
vndyrstond
that I hawe hade comynycasyon wyth Thomas Kesten, and
he wyth me, and Thomas Kesten whan I come vnto Calles, he
axyd me yff Y hade browght hym any wryttyng ffrom yow. He
sayd vnto me that he sent wryttyng be my cossyn Maryon and
be me wheroff he hade whent Y had browght hym an answer //
I sayd vnto hym agen that at my comyng houyr se yowr besynesse
whas soyche +ge myght nott hawe non laysar to wrytt vnto hym,
wherffor +ge comeavndyd me to say vnto hym / That +ge wyll      #
wrytt
vnto hym and to me schorttly of an answer of theke letterys and
how that +ge whollde that I showld be demenyd in that casse,    #
etc.
Ytt wholl be whell don yff +ge sode // Plesyth ytt yow to       #
vndyrstond
that in this sayd letter +ge shall ffynd closyd the salle of    #
yowr
Cottys ffellis and how they wher sowlld. Ther wher sowlld no    #
mor
but iij M=l= ix=c= lxxj ffor Cottys ffellis and the remenavnt   #
of theke
ffellis bethe anwhardyd by the whardars ffor Contre ffellis,    #
+gett
they kepe the prysse of xiiij noblis, etc. As +gett Y connott   #
wrytt
vnto yow of none newis, yff ther come any +ge shall vndyrstond.
No mor vnto yow at this tyme, but Jhesu kepe yow and all yowrs,
amen. Wrytt at Calles the xxj day of Marche, (\anno lxxviij,    #
etc.\)

per yowr son George Cely.

[\Dorse:\] Vnto my ryghtt whorshippffull ffadyr Rychard Cely,
merchant of the Stapell of Calles devellyng at London in Marte 
Lane, (\soit dd.\) [\Shield.\]

<P 82>
[\93. GEORGE CELY (AT ANTWERP) TO RICHARD CELY THE ELDER
AT LONDON, C. JUNE 1480 (DRAFT).\]

   Ryght reverent and whorschypffull ffadyr, affter all dewe    #
recomendasyon 
pretendyng, I recomavnd me vn[{to{] yow in the most 
lowlyest whisse that I con or may. Fordyr mor, plesythe ytt yow
to vnd[{e{]rstond that at my comyng vnto this Syngsyon marte
I spake wyth John Descyrmer of Gavnt, and he hawe made vnto
me, and to dyvars of my fellyschyppe heuyr I come to the        #
martte,
grett complaynt of yowr medyll woll wheche Y sowlde vnto hym.
<P 83>
He swerys vnto me largely that he has hade of yowrs in tyme
passyd better medyll yowng Cottys than this woll whas. They lay
vnto me grett vnkyndenesse that Y delle wyth them vnder this
maner / they say vnto me that +ge myght an takyn howght of this
vj sarpleris and the poke, ij sarpleris medyll yowng. Ytt ys    #
so,
becavsse they wollde nott strywe wyth me, they do hodyrwhysse
than they wher porposyd - they bowght ytt ffor +ter own         #
drapery,
and now ther ys no man wholl draper none of theke sarpleris at
Gavnt nor at Bregys, but he ys ffayne to bryng them to the      #
marte
and sell them ther, wherffor I am ryght sory // In good ffay+te
Y connott say wher Y wrytt vnto yow or no heroff // Y hade
moche whorke at Calles heuyr I covde hawe ytt anwhardyde ffor
Cottys, and moche stekyng whas an+genst ytt anmongeyst the
Fellyschyp. In the reverens of Good se better to the pakyng of
yowr woll that shall com, or ellis yowr woll ys lyke to lesse   #
that
name that ytt has hade heuyr anffore in tyme passyd // I nevyr
whyst yow sent cursar woll to Calles ffor the contre than this  #
last
whas / I am porpossyd to com hovyr vnto yow whan this marte
ys done, and than schall Y tell yow mor playnle be movthe. 

<P 96>
[\109. GEORGE CELY AT CALAIS TO RICHARD CELY THE ELDER AT
LONDON, 16 NOVEMBER 1480\]

   Ryght rewerent and whorshypffull ffadyr, affter all dewe     #
recomendacyon
pretendyng, I recomeavnd me vnto yow in the most
lowlyest whysse that Y con or may / Fordyrmor, plesythe ytt yow
to vndyrstond that I hawe resseywyd an letter ffrom yow beryng
date at London the xiij day of Octobyr in hast / wheche Y do
whell vndyrstond, and I hawe resseywyd yowr warant, and ys
anlowyd appon yowr byll ancordyng. As towchyng hodyr clavsys
in yowr sayd letter, Y vndyrstond them ryght whell, and as ffor
Robyn, ye vndyrstond be this how whell he has done none thyng
but put +ge to cost, etc. As towchyng me, bothe be yowr sayd    #
letter
and be my cossyn Maryons, I am sory, and Y connott be mery tyll
that Y hawe ben wyth yow, and Y whollde a ben wyth yow          #
shorttly,
savyng my besynesse ys soche that Y connott, as +ge know //     #
Indede
<P 97>
Y hawe bene long awhay, and therffor my besynesse ys the mor.
Y this day Y begon to pake yowr wholl. Y thanke Good ytt        #
rysythe
ffull ffayr, and som medyll woll +ge shall hawe, but and ytt    #
rysythe
as ytt do, ytt shall nott be moche. I hawe men apon yowr        #
ffellis
dayly, in good ffaythe Y nevyr sawe yowr good so lond in my     #
dayys,
and so dyd all mens. +Ge shall hawe abowe an M=l= made ffellis  #
/ and
yowr woll ys lykewhysse arayd. Be the grace of Godd Y sshall
fenyshe all thyngys heuyr that Y go vnto the marte // As        #
tovchyng 
my clawis afore, I hawe ben long hens, as +ge know,             #
nevyrthelesse,
and my debyteyys had done ther devteys, Y myght so a ben ffor
that sesson ryght whell / Now Y hawe sen that at Y desyryd long
to se Y toke this seson, wheche tyme Y wollde that Y hade lyne
syke in my bede yf +ge be dysplesyd therwyth. Y hawe hade       #
lettyrs
dyvars to an kept Wylliam Cely styll at Calles: indede he       #
departyd
heuyr any wryttyng, and allso Y shall nott nede hym grettly,
Y hawe helpe ynow. Y am in good whay of my besynesse now, +gett
whas ther ryght lytyll done therto whan he departyd.
   Ytt ys so that her whas grett ado at Calles ffor that woll   #
that come
in the last schyppyng, becawis the dokatys bare nott dat of the
xiiij day of Septembyr, dyvars men wold an hade ytt but newe
woll. Ther ys derectyon takyn that ytt shall nedyr be new nor
howllde, but yt shall hawe that lysens that yt shall passe      #
wythhowght
howlde woll, appon yt selffe. Men hade whent that the
ffellis showld a bene howlde, +gett whe connott tell: ther ys   #
replyyng
ther an+genst. Y thynke that whe shall sett them in the sam     #
kasse
as the wholl stondys: whe shall do moche therto / Y whas to     #
swefft
in wryttyng to my cosyn Maryon, Y wrott hym they wher howllde
ffellis. It ys so that the xiiij day of Novembyr ytt whas       #
conclevdyd
be Cortt that from Candyllmesse for+te no man shall sell but
ffor xxvj s. le li. I thynke ytt shall cavsse an stope. +Ge     #
most now
wrytt me yowr hadvysse how Y shall be demenyd: wher Y shall
howlld hand tyll than, or sell affore, and Y con / Ther ys but  #
lytyll
Cottyswolld woll at Calles, and Y vndyrstond Lombardys has
bowght yt vp yn Ynglond, and +ge vndyrstonde what sobstons is
at London to shyppe. I hope ther whas nott a better markett
toward ffor Cottys woll many a day // I woll nott avysse +ge    #
to shype
in the dede of wynter: ytt ys long lyyng, ffowlle whedyr, and
jepardes ffor stormys. Of tydyngys I con none wryght yow ffor 
sarten as +gett, but at myn howllde Lady ys comyng ffrom Bynus
<P 98>
to Sent Tomers, and the ambassettors bothe of Inglond and
Fravnsse. Y connott say what whorlld whe shall hawe: some of
the Devkys Covnsell wholld hawe whar and som pesse - the very
grovnde most come howght of Ynglond. The Frenche Kynge has
fforneshed his garysons appon the ffrontys all redy, etc. My
lady proposythe to ly at Sent Tomers and the Frenche ambassett  #
shall
ly at Tyrwhyne iij lekys thens, etc. // Her ys but ffewe        #
merchantys
at Calles nowe. I am in whay wyth Gyshbryght Van Whennysbarge
ffor an ij of yowr sarpleris: Y hope Y shall go thorow wyth     #
hym / 
I woll tha[{t{] Y myght vndyrstond be wryttyng wher the Kyng
porposythe to hawe whar wyth Fravnsse or no: my brodyr
Rychard may vndyrstond that of my Lorde. Yff Y vnd[{yr{]stode
betymus Y myght, yf nede be, porvay me off saffecondytt. Y
whollde fforst vndyrstond how the Kynge take my Lordys answar,
etc. No mor vnto yow at this tyme, but Jhesu hawe yow and all
yowrs in his kepyng, amen. Wrettyn at Calles the xvj=th= day of
Novembyr, (\Anno iiij=xx=\) .

per yowr son,
George Cely.

[\Dorse:\] Vnto my ryght whorschyppffull ffadyr Rychard Cely,
merchant of the Stapell of Calles, dwelling at London in Marte
Lane, (\soit dd.\) [\Shield.\] 

<Q M4 XX CORP RCELY>
<N LET TO BROTHER>
<A CELY RICHARD>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML/NL>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E INT EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 106>
[\117. RICHARD CELY THE YOUNGER AT LONDON TO GEORGE CELY
AT CALAIS, 4 JUNE 1481\]

   Riught interly whelbelouyd brother, I recomend me harttely   #
onto
you, thankyng you of aull good brotherhod that +ge haue scheuyd
to me at aull tymus. Syr, +ge know whell that I haue bene in    #
the
Northe Contre, and ther I haue had grette scheyr of my nowlde
aqweyntans, as the bryngar heyrof can informe you; and as for
my noncle ys exseketurs has promysyd me and Plomton be the
faythe of ther bodys to be wyth howr father her Myhellmes, and  #
to
make a neynd wyth hym. And as I whente northewharde, I met 
Roger Wyxton a thys syd Northehamton, and he desyryd me to
do so myche as drynke wyth hys whyfe at Laysetter, and after
that I met wyth Wylliam Daulton, and he gaue me a tokyn to hys
mother, and at Laysetter I met wyth Rafe Dawlton, and he brohut
me to hys mother, and ther I delyuyrd my tokyn, and sche prayd
me to come to brekefaste on the morow, and so I ded and Plomton
bothe, and ther whe had a gret whelfar, and ther whos Freyr
Este, and I pray yow thanke them for me. Syr, and +ge be        #
remembyrd,
whe thaulkyd, togydyr in hour bed of Dawltonys syster, and
+ge ferryd the condyscyons of father and brethyrn, byt +ge      #
neyd not.
I saw hyr and she whos at brekefaste wyth hyr mother and ws.
Sche ys as goodly a +genge whomane: as fayr, as whelbodyd and
as sad as I se hony thys vij +geyr, and a good haythe. I pray   #
God
<P 107>
that hyt may be inpryntyd in yur mynd to sette yowr harte ther.
Syr, howr father and I comende togydyr in the new orchard on
Fryday laste, and a askyd me many qwestyonys of gyu, and
I towlde hym aull as hyt whos, and he whos ryught sory for the
dethe of the sch[{y{]lde, and I toulde hym of the good whyll    #
that
the Whegystons and Dawltons hows to yow, and how I lykyd the
+genge gentyllwhoman, and he commaunded me to whryte to yow
and he whowlde gladly that hyt whor brohut abohut and that +ge
labyrde hyt betymys, and I haue towllyd hour father of          #
Schestyrs
dowter, how that I whowlde fayne be ther, and howur father whos
ryught glad of thys comenycacyon. Daultons mother comendys
hyr to you and thankys yow for the knyuys that +ge sente to     #
hyr.
Howr father has ressauyd a letter frome yow wherby he           #
wndyrstond
of the salle: ij sarpellys and a peke. As for the mony at ys
by you, he whyll that hyt ly be yow tyll Sencyon marte, and     #
lette
the mersars haue the lengar days, bothe Browell and Paullmar,
and ther mony acordyng. [\Dorse\] Syr, I thanke you at hyt
plesehyd you to leue me Goos, for he has d[{on{] to me good     #
sarues
in thys gornay, and I haue delyuyrd to him ix [{s.{] to brynge  #
hym
to you, etc. My godfathyr has be syke byt he ys whell mendyd,
thankyd be God. [{Thys same{] day my Loord ys comyn to London
to aske the Kyng leue to go to the Rodys for he ys sent for.    #
Syr,
I send you be Goos a purs seche as whos gewyn me at +Georke,    #
and
I pray yow b[{y{] for Alyson Myhell a mantell of fyn blake      #
schankys,
for I haue mony therfor, and sche comendys hyr to you. No mor
to yow at thys tyme, Jhesu kepe you. Wrytyn at London the
iiij=the= day of Juyn.

per yur brother,
Rychard Cely.

Wnto my riught whelbelouyd brother George Cely, merchand of
the Estapell of Calles be thys dd. 

<P 150>
[\165. RICHARD CELY THE YOUNGER AT LONDON TO GEORGE CELY
AT CALAIS OR THE MART, 13 MAY 1482\]

   Riught interly whelbelouyd brothe[{r{] , I recomende me      #
harttely
wnto yow, informing yow at the makyng of thys howr mother,
brother, my godfather and the howsowlde ar in goode heyll,
thankyd be the good Loorde. Syr, the same day that I departtyd
<P 151>
into Cotesowlde I ressauyd a letter frome yow wryte at Calles   #
the
xiiij day of Aprell, wherein I fynd the inuiatory of syche      #
godys
that whos howr fathers and mony on that syd of the see. Syr, I
spake not wyth the Byschopys ofesars syn that I resauyd yowr
letter. When I spake laste wyth them thay sayd that awl thyng
schullde abyd yowr cwmyng. I wndyrstonde be yowr letter that
+ge wyll make howyr abowe v=c= li. I hawhe beyn in              #
Cottyssowllde
thys iij whekys, and packyd wyth Wylliam Mydwyntter xxij
sarpellys and a poke, wherof be iiij mydyll. Wylliam Bretten    #
says
hyt ys the fayreste wholl that he saw thys +geyr, and I packyd  #
iiij
sarpellys at Camden of the same bargen, wherof ar ij good, ij
mydyll. Ther wyl be in all, wyth blottys, apon xxvij or xxviij 
sarplers wholl. Syr, I cannot hawhe Wylliam Mydwynttyrs fellys
wndyr iij li. xl d. the C. And I schaull go to that pryse I     #
pray yow
send me a letter schorttely. Syr, I hawhe bohyt in Cottysowlde
apon the poynt of vij M=l= resenabyll good felles, and I pay    #
iij li.;
I can gehet noyn wndyr. Syr, I whryte to yow a prosses: I pray
God sende therof a good heynd. The same day that I come to
Norlache, on a Sonday befor mattens frome Burforde, Wylliam
Mydwyntter wyllcwmyd me, and in howr comynycacyon he askyd
me hefe I wher in any whay of maryayge. I towlde hyme nay, and
he informeyd me that ther whos a +geunge genttyllwhoman hos
father ys name ys Lemryke, and her mother ys deyd, and sche
schawll dyspend be her moter xl li. a +ge[{r{] , as thay say in #
that
contre, and her father ys the gretteste rewlar a[{n{]d          #
rycheste mane
in that conttre, and ther hawhe bene grete genttyllmen to se    #
[{h{]yr
and wholde hawhe hyr, etc. And hewyr matens wher done,
Wylliam Mydwynter had meuyd thys mater to the gretteste mane
abot the gentyllman Lemeryke, and he +geyd and informyd the
forsayd of aull the matter, and the +gewng gentyllwomane bothe;
and the Sattyrday aftyr, Wylliam Mydwyntter whent to London,
as aull wholl getherars wher sent for be wryt be the mene of    #
Pettyt,
for inwynde and grete markyng, and thay hawhe day to cwm agen
at Myhellmas. [\New page, headed Anno Jhesu                     #
M=l=iiij=c=iiij=xx=ij\] When
I had packyd at Camden and Wylliam Mydwyntter departtyd,
I came to Norlache ageyn to make a nende of packyng, and on     #
the 
Sonday nexte aftyr, the same mane that Wylliam Mydwy[{n{]ter
brake fyrste to cam [{to{] me and telde me that he had brokyn   #
to hys
<P 152>
master acordyng as Mydwyntter desyryde hym, and he sayd hys
master whos ryght whell plessyde ther whothe. And the same      #
mane 
sayd to me hefe I whowllde tary May Day I schulde hawhe a syte
of the +gewnge gentyllwhoman, and I sayd I wholld tary wyth a
good wyll, and the same day her father schul[{d{] a syttyn at   #
Norlache
for the Kyng, but he sente whon of hys clarkys and rod 
hymselfe to Wynchecwme. And to mattens the same day come the
+gewnge gentyllwhoman and her mowther-i-law, and I and Wylliam
Bretten wher sayng mattens when thay com into chyrche, and
when mattens vhos done thay whente to a kynnyswhoman off the
+gewnge genttyllwhomane; and I sent to them a pottell of whyte
romnay, and thay toke hyt thankefully, for thay had cwm a myle
a fote that mornyng; and when Mes whos done I come and          #
whellcwmyd
them, and kyssyd them, and thay thankyd me for the
whyne, and prayd me to cwm to dyner wyth them, and I ascwysyd
me and thay made me promys them to drynke wyth them after
dyner. And I sent them to dyner a galon whyne and thay sent me
a heronsew roste, and aftyr dyner I com and dranke wyth them    #
and
toke Wylliam Bretten wyth me, and whe had ryught gode           #
comynecacyon,
and the person plesetheyde me whell as be the fyrst
comynycacyon: sche ys +gewnge, lytyll, and whery whellfauyrd    #
and
whytty, and the contre spekys myche good bye hyr. Syr, aull     #
thys
matter abydythe the cowmyng of her father to London, that whe
may wndyrstonde what some he wyll departte wyth, and how he
lykys me. He wyll be heyr wythin iij whekys. I pray send me a   #
letter
how +ge thynke be thys matter. [\New page headed Anno Jhesu     #
etc.,
as above\] Heyr has beyn whyt my mother Myhell Koke and hys
whyfe from +Georke, and my mother and I hawhe made them gret
scheyr, and my mother has gewyn to Myhelles wyfe a cremsyn
gov[{ne{] of hyr wheryng, and sche has prayd me to whrayt to    #
yow
to by for her a for of calla[{b{]yr for to lay in the same      #
gowne,
and Kokys whyfe and scho prays yow to by for them x as fyne
mynkys as +ge cane fynde in the marte, and +ge schawl be plesyd
for them. I schawll send to Calles be Robard Heryke at thys
Whyttesontyd the byll of xiij s. iiij. d.: hyt am[{o{]wntys to  #
xv li.
vj s. viij d. and payde. I ondyrstonde be Wylliam Celys letter  #
that
+ge hawhe whryttyng frome my Lorde of Sent Jonys. I pray yow
send me partte of yowr tydyng: I sent to yow the laste that I   #
had.
Syr, thay hawhe begwn to schype at London, and aull howr wholl
<P 153>
and fell ys hyt in Cottyssowllde, sawhe iiij sarpllerys;        #
therfor whe
can do nothyng at thys tyme. Syr, I thynke mony wyll be gode at
thys marte, for the Kyng has sente to the mercars and lette     #
them
whet that he wy[{l{] hawhe iij whystyllys; whon at Bregys,      #
another
at Calles, the thyrd at London; and as I am informyd, what
merchand of the Stapell that sellys hys wh[{oll{] , he may by   #
what
whar that he wyll ageyn. And thay that by no whar schaull       #
brynge
in ther mony into the Kyngys wystyll at Bregys ar Calles, and   #
be
payd at London at a monythe day, and the mony schawl be
stablyschyd at viij s. The mercars be not conttent therwyth. I  #
pray
yow rememyr howr bowys. No mor. Wrhryt at London the xiij
day of May.

per Rychard Cely

[\Dorse:\] A my riught whelbelouyd brother George Cely,         #
merchand
of the Stapell at Calles, or at the marte, be thys dd. 



<B CMOFFIC4>
<Q M4 XX CORO WPASTON1>
<N LET BY WPASTON>
<A PASTON WILLIAM>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^PASTON, WILLIAM.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
PASTON LETTERS AND PAPERS OF THE FIFTEENTH
CENTURY, PART I.
ED. N. DAVIS.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1971. 
PP. 4.1  - 5.39   (3)    
PP. 8.1  - 12.182 (5)
PP. 13.1 - 14.28  (6)^]

<P 4>
[} [\3. PROBABLY TO MASTER JOHN URRY: DRAFT                     #
1425, NOVEMBER\] }]
   Right worthy and worshepefull ser, I recomaunde [{me{] to    #
yow, preyeng
yow to wite +tat I haue resceyued yowr goodly lettres makyng    #
mencion
+tat Ser John Paston vt asserit hath optyned me condempnyd to   #
hym
in ccc marcz and c s. and +tat +te same John, atte reuerence    #
of yowr
right worthy persone, hath cesed of his sute of certeins        #
processes ageyns
me vp-on +te seyd condempnacion, takyng continuance of +te      #
same matier
vn-to Cristemasse next comyng; by whiche lettres ye conseille   #
me to
make ende with +te seyd John (\ne deterius inde contingat\) .
<P 5>
   I send yow closed with this bille copie of vn frendly        #
lettre +tat +te
seyd John hath sent to me late touchant +te same matier. +Te    #
seyd
Priour hath sent also to yow and to Mayster Will Swan, which    #
longe
tyme hath be his procuratour, a procuracie for my persone and   #
v marcz
of moneye onward. Wher-vp in +te seyd Prioures name and in myn
owyn also I prey yow hertily to sette al these matieres in      #
continuaunce
vn-to yowr comyng in-to Ingeland, and be-cause ye arn here      #
beneficed,
owr cuntre`man, and of worshepe and cunnyng worthyly endowed,   #
+te
seyd Priour, his brether, and I also willen gladdely in these   #
matieres
be treted by yow; and if +tis mesure be accepted and we may     #
haue knowyng
here ther-of, it shal cause +te attemptacion of diuerses        #
matieres a-geyn
summe frendes of +te seyd John to cese. And if +tis             #
continuance be refused
I prey yow with al my power +tat of yowr wysdom and good        #
discrecion ye
wille in +te seyd Prioures name and myn defenden +te seyd       #
sutes, and
alle other +tat +te seyd John sueth a-geyn +te seyd Priour and  #
me, in
yowr best maner, and to be of owr counseill in +tese matieres;  #
and as
ye lyke resonablely to write to vs so we wil be gouerned in     #
yowr rewarde
and al other circumstaunces of +te same matieres.
   I conceyve by yowr seyd lettres +tat +te grete of +te        #
matier conteigned
in +te same ye haue of +te informacion and assercion of +te     #
seyd John,
and as he hath enformed yow I wot weel ye trewely writen; but   #
I hope
and trust verrayly +te matier of his informacion is vntrewe.    #
+Te Priour
of Bromholm sued a-geyn +te seyd John and other in Ingeland a   #
wryt of
(\premunire facias\) , and I was ther-in of +te same Prioures   #
conseill, as +te lawe
of Ingelond and myn office willen, and more I haue nought       #
hadde to do
with +te seyd John; and I can nought beleue +tat in +tis cas    #
+te same John
myght by yowr lawe any swich sute haue ageyn me as yowr lettre  #
specifieth. 
Also Will, +te prest specified in yowr [{lettre{] , told me     #
+tat he, after
+tat ye told hym of +tis matier lyke as ye wr[{i{]te, he        #
comuned with 
Maister Will Swan, and he told +te seyd prest +ter [{was{] no   #
processe in +te
courte ageyn me in no maner. 


<P 7>
[} [\5. MEMORANDUM TO ARBITRATORS   1426-7\] }]
<P 8>
   Be it remembred +tat where, on +te nyght next biforn +te     #
feste of +te Circumcision
of owre Lord Jesu +te [{secunde{] yeer of +te regne of Kyng     #
Henry
+te Sexte, certeyns maffaisours, felons, and brekeres of +te    #
Kynges peas
vnknowyn, to +te noumbre of iiij=xx= and more by estimacion,    #
of malice and
jmaginacion forn-thowght felonowsly +te dwellyng place of John  #
Grys of
Wyghton in Wyghton in +te shyre of Norffolk brokyn, and wyth    #
carpenteres
axes +te yates and +te dores of +te seyd place hewen, and +te   #
seyd John
Grys and hys sone and a seruaunt man of hese by here bodyes     #
tokyn and
fro +te seyd dwellyng place by +te space of a myle to a peyre   #
galwes ledden,
+tere hem for to have hangyd; and by-cause hem fayled ropes     #
convenient
to here felonowse purpos +te seyd John Grys, hese sone, and     #
hys man +tere
felonowsely slowen and mordered in +te most orrible wyse +tat   #
euer was
herd spoken of in +tat cuntre`. Wher-vp-on Walter Aslak,        #
purposyng and
jmaginyng to putte William Paston in drede and intollerable     #
fere to be
slayn and mordered in +te seyd forme wyth force and ageyn +te   #
Kynges
peas, on +te shyre day of Norffolk halden at Norwiche +te       #
xxviij day of
August in +te seyd secunde yeer, beyng +tere +tanne a grete     #
congregacion of
poeple by-cause of +te seyd shyre, in hese owne persone and by  #
Richard 
Kyllyngworth, +tat tyme hese seruaunt, to +te seyd William      #
Paston swiche and
so many manaces of deth and dismembryng maden and puttyn by     #
certeyns
Englishe billes rymed in partye, and vp-on +te yates of +te     #
priorie of +te
Trinite` chirche of Norwiche and on +te yates of +te chyrche    #
of +te Freres
Menures of Norwiche and +te yates of +te same cite` called      #
Nedeham yates
and Westewyk yates, and in othre places wyth-inne +te seyd      #
cite`, by +te
seyd Walter and Richard sette, makyng mension and beryng +tis   #
vndyrstondyng
+tat +te seyd William and hese clerkes and seruauntes schuld
be slayn and mordered in lyke fourme as +te seyd John Grys in   #
+te seyd
fourme was slayn and mordered; conteynyng also +tese too        #
wordes in
Latyn, (\'et cetera'\) , by whiche wordes commvnely it was      #
vndyrstandyn +tat
<P 9>
+te forgeers and makers of +te seyd billes jmagyned to +te      #
seyd William,
hese clerkes, and seruauntz more malice and harm +tan in +te    #
seyd billes
was expressed; wherfore +te seyd William, hese seyd clerkes,    #
and seruauntz
by longe tyme aftyr were in gret and intollerable drede and     #
fere by +te
seyd maffaisours and felons to be slayn and mordered, wherfore  #
+te seyd
William, hese clerkes, and seruauntz ne durst not at here       #
fredom nothyr
goon ne ryde. Wher-vp-on +te seyd William for hese owyn persone
affermyd a pleynt of trespas ageyn +te seyd Walter and          #
Richard. Processe
contynued +ter-vp-on til +te seyd Walter and Richard were       #
founden gilty
of +te seyd trespas by an jnquisicion +ter-of takyn in dwe and  #
lawefull
fourme, by whiche jnquisicion +te damages of +te seyd William   #
for +te
seyd trespas were taxed to cxx li.; aftyr whiche pleynte        #
affermyd, and tofore
ony plee vp-on +te seyd pleynt pleded, +te seyd Walter and      #
William by
Thomas Erpyngham, knyght, a myghty and a gret supportour of     #
+te seyd
Walter in alle +tese matiers and circumstaunces +ter-of ageyn   #
+te seyd
William, were induced to trete in +te same matier in +te        #
fourme +tat folwith;
+tat is to seyne +tat +te seyd William schuld sue forth +te     #
seyd pleynt and +te
execucion +ter-of at hese owne will, and +te seyd Walter        #
schuld defende hymself
in +te seyd pleynt at hese owne will, except +tat he schuld no  #
benefice
take by noon proteccion ne wrytte of (\corpus cum causa\) ne    #
of no lordes
lettres vp-on +te seyd sute. And what-so-euer fortunyd in +te   #
seyd pleynt,
+te proces, execucion, or +te sute +ter-of, +te seyd Walter     #
and William
schuld stonde and obeye to +te ordinaunce of certeyns persones  #
by +te seyd
William and Walter arbitratores +tat tyme named, if +tei        #
myghten accordyn;
and ellys of a noounpier also +tat same tyme named of all +te   #
seyd trespas,
pleynt, and sute and all +te circumstaunces +ter-of, so +tat    #
+te seyd arbitrement
and ordinaunce of +te seyd arbitratores, or ellys of +te seyd   #
nounpier, were
made wythinne xl dayes next folwyng aftyr +te jugement yeven in 
+te seyd pleynt.
   And aftyrward, +te Thursday next biforn Pentecost +te        #
thrydde yeer of
+te regne of +te seyd Kyng, at London in +te presence of +te    #
right excellent
high and myghty prynce +te Duc of Gloucestre, and by hese       #
commaundement,
atte sute and instaunce of +te seyd Thomas Erpyngham it was
accordyd bytwen +te seyd William and Walter +tat +tei schuld    #
stande and
obeye to +te ordinaunce and award of all +te seyd matiers of    #
tweyne of +tese
iiij persones: William Phelip, knyght, Henry Inglose, knyght,   #
Oliuer
Groos, and Thomas Derham chosen on +te partye of +te seyd       #
William
Paston; and tweyne of +tese iiij persones: Symond Felbrygge,    #
knyght,
Bryan Stapilton, knyght, Roberd Clyfton, knyght, and John of    #
Berneye of
<P 10>
Redeham chosen on +te partie of +te seyd Water; and elles +te   #
decree
and iugement of a nounpier to be chosen by +te same             #
arbitrores. +Te whiche
William Phelip, Bryan Stapilton, Roberd Clyfton, Oliuer Groos,  #
John of
Berneye, and Thomas Derham takyng vp-on hem +te charge of +te   #
makyng
of +te seyd award and ordinaunce by +te assent of +te seyd      #
Thomas Erpyngham,
+te Fryday next aftyr +te feste of +te Assumpcion of Owre Lady  #
in
+te seyd thrydde yeer, at Norwiche tokyn ensurauns of +te seyd  #
William
and Walter by here feyth and here trowthez to stonde and obeye  #
to here
ordinaunce of alle +te seyd matiers; and +te same day biforn    #
noon maden
here full ordinaunce and arbitrement of alle +te same matiers   #
in +te chyrche
of +te Greye Frerys at Norwich, and aftyrward, vp-on +te same   #
award and
ordinaunce mad, hadden a commvnicacion +ter-of wyth +te seyd    #
Thomas
Erpyngham, and aftyr +te same commvnicacion +te same day aftyr  #
noon
+te same ordinaunce and award wretyn was red byforn +te seyd    #
arbitrores
and +te seyd Walter and William, and examyned, agreed, and      #
assented,
and by +te seales of +te same vj arbitrores and +te seyd        #
Walter and William
was affermed and ensealed and left in +te handes of +te seyd    #
Ser Bryan,
saueliche to be kept in pleyn remembraunce of +te seyd award    #
and
ordinaunce, +te whiche award and ordinaunce +te seyd William    #
was at all
tymes redy to obeye and parfourme on-to +te seyd feste of       #
Michelmesse
+tat +te seyd Walter to holde or parfourme +te seyd award       #
pleynly refused.
   And where +te seyd Walter, by iugement of +te Chaunceller    #
of Inglond
+te xvj day of Jull +te seyd thrydde yeer, was remytted to +te  #
Kynges prison
at Norwich by-cause of +te seyd sute, the seyd Walter yede at   #
large owt
of warde fro +te seyd xvj day of Jull to +te seyd day of +te    #
makyng of +te
seyd arbitrement and award, and fro +tat day in-to Michelmesse  #
+tanne
next aftyr, +te seyd William +tat meene tyme euermore           #
supposyng +tat +te
seyd Walter wold have holde and parfourmyd +te seyd             #
ordinaunce, arbitrement,
and award. And at +te comyng of +te right high and myghty       #
prynce
+te Duc of Norffolk fro hys castell of Framyngham to +te cetie  #
of Norwyche
aftyr +te seyd day of +te makyng of +tis arbitrement and        #
ordinaunce, and
tofore +te feste of Michelmesse +tan next folwyng, +te seyd     #
Walter by hese
sotill and vngoodly enformacion caused +te seyd Duke to be      #
hevy lord to
+te seyd William, where +te seyd William +te tyme of +te seyd   #
enformacion
was, wyth Ser John Jermy, knyght, and othre of +te counseill    #
of +te seyd
Duk of Norffolk in hys lordshipes in Norffolk and Suffolk       #
+tanne to hym
falle by +te deth of +te right worthy and noble lady hys        #
modyr, occupied
abowte +te dwe seruice of wryttes of (\diem clausit extremum\)  #
aftyr +te deth of
+te seyd lady; and where as +te seyd William Paston, by         #
assignement and
commaundement of +te seyd Duk of Norffolk at hese fyrst         #
passage ouer +te
see in-to Normandye in +te Kynges tyme Henry +te Fyfte, was     #
+te styward
<P 11>
of +te seyd Duc of Norffolk of all hese lordshipes in Norffolk  #
and
Suffolk fro hys seyd passage vn-to +te seyd feste of            #
Michelmesse. [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE CANCELLED BY W. PASTON^]   #
And
ouer +tat as sergeaunt of lawe, thow he be vnworthy,            #
withholdyn wyth
+te seyd Duc of Norffolk all +te tyme +tat he was sergeaunt     #
bifore +te same
feste of Michelmesse. And all be it +tat +te fees and +te       #
wages of +te seyd
William for hys seyd seruice vnpayed draweth a gret somme to    #
his pouere
degree, jf +te seyd Duk of Norffolk lyked of hys noble and      #
plentifous
grace to graunte to +te seyd William in right ony part of +te   #
fauour of hese
good lordship, +te seyd William wold euere be hys pouere and    #
trewe bedeman 
and euere in hys herte thenke all hys seyd seruice and all +te  #
seruice
+tat euere he dede to +te seyd [{Duke{] of Norffolk             #
plentefousely weell
rewardyd. [^HERE ENDS A PASSAGE CANCELLED BY W. PASTON^] And    #
where +te seyd Walter +te tyme of +te seyd trespas and of
+te seyd bylles makyng ne longe tofore, ne neuer aftyr biforn   #
+te seyd
comyng of +te seyd Duc of Norffolk to Norwich, ne no tyme       #
hangyng +te 
seyd sute, ne +te tyme of makyng of +te seyd arbitrement and    #
ordinaunce,
neuer was seruaunt to +te seyd Duc of Norffolk at fees ne at    #
wages, ne
wythhaldyn in hese seruice, ne to hym sued to be supported by   #
hese high
lordship in +tis seyd matier, to +te knowleche of +te seyd      #
William ne to no
commvne knowleche in +te shyres of Norffolk, Suffolk, ne        #
Norwiche; the
sute +tat +te seyd Walter made for supportacion in +tis seyd    #
matier was be
+te meene of +te seyd Thomas Erpyngham to +te seyd Duk of       #
Gloucestre
by whose reule and commaundement +te seyd arbitrement and award
was mad in +te fourme aforn seyd.
   And not with-stondyng +te seyd trespas and greuaunce by +te  #
seyd
Walter doon to +te seyd William, ne +tat +te seyd William ne    #
is not satisfied
of +te seyd cxx li. ne no peny +ter-of, and hath absteyned hym  #
of al  
maner of execucion, sewyng of godes or catelles +tat by force   #
of +te seyd
processe or ony othyr he myght have had ageyn +te seyd Walter   #
or hese
borwes, ne +tat +te seyd William hath suffred +te seyd Walter   #
to gon at
large by long tyme whan he myght haue had hys body in warde in  #
lawefull
fourme, the seyd Walter be billes in +te too last parlementz    #
holden at 
Westminster and at Leycestre, and at diuers tymes in diuers     #
other maneres
hath noysed and skaundered +te seyd William vngoodly and othyr  #
wyse
+tan othyr gentilnesse or trowthe wolde, and ouermore caused    #
+te seyd
William orribly to be manassed of hys deth, betyng, and         #
dismembryng of
hys persone by certeyns seruauntz of +te Lordes Fitz-wauter     #
and othre
persones and by ferefull and ouere felle lettres and sondes,    #
wherfore +te
seyd William nothyr hese frendes ne hese seruauntz in hys       #
companye at
<P 12>
here fredam sithen +te seyd parlement at Leycestre durst not,   #
ne yet ne
dar not, rydyn ne goo abowte swyche occupacion as he arn vsed   #
and
disposed, to here grete and importable drede and vexacion in    #
here
spirites and gret harme and damage and losse of here pouere     #
goodes.
[{Ouermore +te seyd Walter hath sued, and yet rigerously        #
sueth, a wrytte
of (\decies tantum\) ageyns x persones of +te seyd jnquisicion  #
and ij of +te 
seruauntz of +te seyd William and iiij othre persones,          #
supposyng by hese
seyd sute hem to have taken of +te seyd William in hys seyd     #
sute lxij li. and
more of moneye; the whiche sute of (\decies tantum\) +te seyd   #
Walter betwyx
God and hym knowith verraly is vntrewe. And also +te seyd       #
Walter hath
sued and yet pursuyth Adam Aubre`, on of +te seyd jnquisicion,  #
in +te court
of +te seyd Duc of Norffolk of hys manoir of Fornsete by cause  #
and
occasion of +te seyd matiers, in whiche sute in +te seyd court  #
it is proceded
ageyn +te seyd Adam in other maner +tanne othyr lawe,           #
conscience, or good
feyth wolde.{]
   Ouermore +te seyd William, atte commaundement of +te seyd    #
Duc of
Norffolk, hath submytted hym to stonde to +te ordinaunce of     #
diuers
persones of alle +te seyd matiers: ones at Leycestre +te        #
Wednesday next
biforn Palme Soneday +te iiij yeer of +te regne of +te seyd     #
Kyng, a-nothyr
tyme atte Reed Clyf in Aprill +te same iiij yeer, aftyr +te     #
fourme of certeyns
billes endented +ter-of made; the whiche submission wyth alle   #
+te circumstaunces
+ter-of +te seyd William hath be at alle tymes redy to obeye.
   The cause why +te seyd Walter by +te seyd Englyshe bylles    #
and in othyr
fourme putte and sette +te seyd William and hese seyd clerkes   #
and seruauntz
in drede and fere intollerable to be slayn and mordered, and    #
to hem trespaced
in +te fourme aforn seyd, was onely for as moche as +te seyd    #
William
was wyth +te Priour of Norwich of counseill in hese trewe       #
defence ageyn
+te entent of +te seyd Walter in a sute +tat he made ageyn +te  #
seyd Priour
of a voweson of +te chyrche of Sprouston in +te counte` of      #
Norffolk, wher-to
+te seyd Walter hath nothyr title suffisaunt ne right in no     #
maner wyse by
ony matier by hym declared byforn thys tyme.

Thys scrowe is mad only for +te jnformacion of +te worthy and   #
worshepfull
lordes +te arbitrores, sauyng euere to +te maker +te benefice   #
resonably to
adde and amenuse, &c., his ignoraunce in swiche occupacion and  #
defaute
of leyser also tendrely considered. 



[} [\6. TO THE VICAR OF THE ABBOT OF CLUNY: DRAFT
PROBABLY 1430, APRIL\] }]
<P 13>
   My ryghte worthy and worshepeful lord, I recomaunde me to    #
yow.
And for as meche as I conseyue verrayly +tat ye arn vicar       #
general in Inggelond
of +te worthy prelate +te Abbot of Clunie, and have hys powre   #
in
many grete articles, and a-mong other in p[{ro{]fession of      #
monkes 
in Inggelond of +te seyd ordere. And in my cuntre`, but a myle  #
fro +te place
where I was born, is +te povre hous of Bromholm of +te same     #
ordre, in
wheche are diuers vertuous yongge men, monkes clad and          #
vn-professyd,
+tat have abedyn +tere [{wythow{]t abbyte ix or x yeere, and    #
be lenger
delaye of here profession many inconuenientez arn lyke to       #
falle. And also
+te Priour of [{+te seyd hous{] hath resigned in-to yowre       #
worthy handes by
certeins notables and resonables causes, as it apperyth by an   #
instrument
and a symple lettre vnder +te comune seal of +te seyd hous of   #
Bromholm,
which +te berare of this hath redy to shewe yow. Wher-vp-on I   #
prey yow
wyt al my herte, and as I euere may do yow seruice, +tat it     #
lyke to yowr
grace to graunte of yowr charite` by yowre worthy lettres to    #
+te Priour of
Thetford in Norffolk, of +te seyde ordre of Clunye, autorite`   #
and powere as
yowr ministre and depute`, to professe in dwe forme +te seyd    #
monkes of
Bromholm vn-professed; and +tat it lyke yow ouermore to         #
accepte and
admitte +te seyd resygnacion by yowr seyd autorite` and powere  #
wyth +te
<P 14>
fauour of yowr good lordshepe, in confort and consolacion of    #
yowr pouere
prestes +te monkes of +te seyd hous of Bromholm; and ther-vp    #
to graunte
yowr worthy lettres wittenessyng +te same acceptacion and       #
admyssion of
+te seyd resignacion, and al yowr seid lettres to delyuere to   #
my clerk, to
wham I prey yow to gyve feith and credence touchant +tis        #
matier, and to
delyuere hym in alle +te hast resonable.
   And I am yowr man and euere will be, by +te grace of God,    #
which euere
haue yow in his kepyng. Writen at Norwich +te [\LEFT BLANK\] of #
Aprill.
Yowres, William Paston



<B CMROLLPS>
<Q M2/4 XX OLDT RPSAL>
<N ROLLE PS AND COMM>
<A ROLLE RICHARD>
<C M2/4>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D NL>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ROLLE, RICHARD.
TEXT:  THE PSALTER OR PSALMS OF DAVID.
THE PSALTER OR PSALMS OF DAVID AND CERTAIN
CANTICLES WITH A TRANSLATION AND EXPOSITION
IN ENGLISH BY RICHARD ROLLE OF HAMPOLE. 
ED. H. R. BRAMLEY.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1884. 
PP. 18.4  - 27.31   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 170.1 - 179.35  (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 380.1 - 389.34  (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 18.6  - 27.34   (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 170.3 - 179.38  (SAMPLE 5)
PP. 380.3 - 389.37  (SAMPLE 6)^]

[^TO SIMPLIFY THE PARAMETER CODING, THE ARRANGEMENT OF
THE TEXT DIFFERS FROM THAT OF THE EDITION. PART I
CONTAINS THE PSALMS AND ROLLE'S TRANSLATIONS
(SAMPLES 1, 2, 3); PART II CONTAINS ROLLE'S COMMENTARY
(SAMPLES 4, 5, 6).^]

[^PART I^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 18>
[} [\PSALM V.\] }]

   (\Verba mea auribus percipe domine: intellige clamorem
meum.\) My wordis lord persayue with eres; vndirstande my
crye. 
   2. (\Intende voci oracionis mee: rex meus & deus meus.\)
Byhold til the voice of my prayere: my kynge my god. 
   3. (\Quoniam ad te orabo domine: mane exaudies vocem
meam.\) ffor to the lord i. sall pray: in morne thou sall here
my voice. 
   4. (\Mane astabo tibi & videbo: quoniam non deus volens
iniquitatem tu es.\) In morn i sall stand till the and i. sall  #
see;
for god noght willand wyckednes thou ert. 
   5. (\Neque habitabit iuxta te malignus: neque permanebunt
iniusti ante oculos tuos.\) The ill sall noght won by the;
ne the vnrightwis dwell sall byfore thin eghen. 
<P 19>
   6. (\Odisti omnes qui operantur iniquitatem: perdes omnes
qui loquuntur mendacium.\) Thou hatid all that wirkes
wickednes; thou sall tyne all that spekis legh. 
   7. (\Virum sanguinum & dolosum abominabitur dominus:
ego autem in multitudine miserecordie tue.\) Man of
blodes & swikel wlath sall lord; bot i. in mykilnes of thi      #
mercy.
   8. (\Introibo in domum tuam: adorabo ad templum sanctum
tuum in timore tuo.\) I sall entire in till thi house; .i.
sall lout til thi haly tempil in thi dred. 
   9. (\Domine deduc me in iusticia tua propter inimicos
meos: dirige in conspectu tuo viam meam.\) Lord led
<P 20>
me in thi rightwisnes for myn enmys: adress in thi sight my     #
way.
   10. (\Quoniam non est in ore eorum veritas: cor eorum
vanum est.\) ffor sothfastnes is noght in the mouth of thaim;
thaire hert is vayn. 
   11. (\Sepulcrum patens est guttur eorum: linguis suis dolose
agebant, iudica illos deus.\) Grafe oppenand is the
throt of thaim; with thair tonges swikilly thai wroght. deme    #
thaim
god. 
   12. (\Decidant a cogitacionibus suis, secundum multitudinem
impietatum eorum expelle eos: quoniam irritauerunt
te domine.\) ffall thai of thaire thoghtes, eftere the mykilnes
of thaire wickidnes, out pute thaim: for thai excitid the lord.
   13. (\Et letentur omnes qui sperant in te: in eternum        #
exultabunt,
& habitabis in eis.\) And fayn be all that hopes in
the. withouten end thai sall ioy; and thou sall won in thaim.
<P 21>
   14. (\Et gloriabuntur in te omnes qui diligunt nomen tuum:
quoniam tu benedices iusto.\) And ioy sall all in the that 
lufis thi name; for thou sall blis the rightwis. 
   15. (\Domine vt scuto bone voluntatis tue: coronasti nos.\)
Lord as with a sheld of thi goed will; thou has corounde vs.

[} [\PSALM VI.\] }]

   (\Domine ne in furore tuo arguas me: neque in ira tua
corripias me.\) Lord in thi wodnes argu me noght; na in thi ire
amend me. 
<P 22>
   2. (\Miserere mei domine quoniam infirmus sum: sana me
domine quoniam conturbata sunt omnia ossa mea.\) Haf
mercy of me lord for i. am seke; hele me lord for druuyd ere    #
all
my banes. 
   3. (\Et anima mea turbata est valde: sed tu domine
vsquequo.\) And my saule is druuyd mykil: bot thou lord how
lange. 
   4. (\Conuertere domine & eripe animam meam: saluum
me fac propter miserecordiam tuam.\) Turne lord and out
take my saule; make me saf for thi mercy. 
   5. (\Quoniam non est in morte qui memor sit tui: in
inferno autem quis confitebitur tibi.\) ffor he is noght in
ded that menand is of the; and in hell wha sall shrife til the.
   6. (\Laboraui in gemitu meo, lauabo per singulas noctes
<P 23>
lectum meum: lacrimis meis stratum meum rigabo.\) I
trauaild in my sorow, i sall waysch my bed ilke nyght by        #
nyght: with
my teris my beddynge i sall wete. 
   7. (\Turbatus est a furore oculus meus: inueteraui inter
omnes inimicos meos.\) Druuyd is of woednes myn eghe: i.
eldyd ymangs all myn enmys. 
   8. (\Discedite a me omnes qui operamini iniquitatem:
quoniam exaudiuit dominus vocem fletus mei.\) Departis
fra me all that wirkes wickidnes; for lord has hard the voice   #
of my
gretynge. 
   9. (\Exaudiuit dominus deprecacionem meam: dominus
oracionem meam suscepit.\) Lord has hard my beed; lord
my prayere has taken vp. 
   10. (\Erubescant & conturbentur vehementer omnes inimici
mei: conuertantur & erubescant valde velociter.\)
Shame and be druuyd gretly all my enmys: turnyd be thai &
shame ful swiftly. 
<P 24>

[} [\PSALM VII.\] }]

   (\Domine deus meus in te speraui: saluum me fac ex omnibus 
persequentibus me & libera me.\) Lord my god i.
hopid in the; make me safe of all folouand me and delyuere me.
   2. (\Ne quando rapiat ut leo animam meam: dum non est 
qui redimat neque qui saluum faciat.\) Leswhen he reue as
lyon my saule; to whils nane is that byes ne makis saf. 
   3. (\Domine deus meus si feci istud: si est iniquitas in
manibus meis.\) Lord my god if i did this thynge; if wickidnes
is in my hend. 
   4. (\Si reddidi retribuentibus michi mala: decidam merito
ab inimicis meis inanis.\) If .i. +geldid til +geldand til me   #
illes;
down fall .i., thurgh my desert, of myn enmys, ydel. 
<P 25>
   5. (\Persequatur inimicus animam meam & comprehendat,
& conculcet in terra vitam meam: & gloriam meam in
puluerem deducat.\) The enmy folow my saule and take it, &
tred in erth my lyf: and my ioy brynge in til dust. 
   6. (\Exurge domine in ira tua: & exaltare in finibus         #
inimicorum 
meorum.\) Rise lord in thi ire; and be heghid in
endis of myn enmys. 
   7. (\Et exurge domine deus meus in precepto quod mandasti:
& synagoga populorum circumdabit te.\) And rise
lord my god in the biddynge that thou comaundid: and synagoge
of folk sall vmgif the. 
   8. (\Et propter hanc in altum regredere: dominus iudicat
populos.\) And for that in heght agayn ga; lord demes folk.
<P 26>
   9. (\Iudica me domine secundum iusticiam meam: &
secundum innocenciam meam super me.\) Deme me lord
eftere my rightwisnes; and eftere myn vnnoyandnes abouen me.
   10. (\Consumetur nequicia peccatorum: & diriges iustum,
scrutans corda & renes deus.\) Endid be the felony of
synful; and thou sall right the rightwis ransakand hertes &     #
neris
god. 
   11. (\Iustum adiutorium meum a domino: qui saluos facit
rectos corde.\) My rightwis help of lord: that makis saf right
of hert. 
   12. (\Deus iudex iustus fortis & patiens: nunquid irascitur
per singulos dies.\) God rightwis iuge. stalworth and soffrand;
whether he wreth him day by day. 
   13. (\Nisi conuersi fueritis gladium suum vibrabit: arcum
<P 27>
suum tetendit & parauit illum.\) Bot if +ge ware turned he
sall braundis his swerd: his bow he has bent and redid it.
   14. (\Et in eo parauit vasa mortis: sagittas suas ardentibus
effecit.\) And thare in he has redid vessels of ded; his aruys  #
till
brennand he made. 
   15. (\Ecce parturit iniusticiam, concepit dolorem: &         #
peperit 
iniquitatem.\) Lo he bryngis forth vnrightwisnes, he hais
consayued sorow: and born wickidnes. 
   16. (\Lacum aperuit & effodit eum: & incidit in foueam
quam fecit.\) The lake he oppynd and vp grofe it: and he fell 
in the pit that he made. 
   17. (\Conuertetur dolor eius in caput eius: & in verticem
ipsius iniquitas eius descendet.\) The sorow of him sall be 
turnyd in his heued: and in the skalp of him his wickidnes sall
lyght. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 170>
[} [\PSALM XLVI.\] }]

   (\Omnes gentes plaudite manibus: iubilate deo in voce
exultacionis.\) All genge playes with hend; ioyes till god
in voice of gladnes. 
   2. (\Quoniam excelsus dominus, terribilis: rex magnus
super omnem terram.\) ffor heghe lord, agheful: kynge gret
abouen all the erth. 
   3. (\Subiecit populos nobis: & gentes sub pedibus nostris.\)
He made folke suget til vs: and genge vndire oure fete.
   4. (\Elegit nobis hereditatem suam: speciem iacob quem
dilexit.\) He chese til vs his heritage: the fairhed of iacob
whaim he lufid. 
   5. (\Ascendit deus in iubilo: & dominus in voce tube.\)
God steghe in ioy; and lord in voice of trumpe. 
   6. (\Psallite deo nostro, psallite: psallite regi nostro,    #
psallite.\)
Syngis til oure god, synges; syngis til oure kynge, syngis.
<P 171>
   7. (\Quoniam rex omnis terre deus: psallite sapienter.\)
ffor kynge of the erth god: syngis wisely. 
   8. (\Regnabit deus super gentes: deus sedet super sedem
sanctam suam.\) God sall be kynge abouen genge: god sitis
on his haly setil. 
   9. (\Principes populorum congregati sunt cum deo abraham:
quoniam dij fortes terre vehementer eleuati sunt.\)
The princes of folke ere gadird with god of abraham: for
goddis stalworth of the erth. gretly ere vpliftid. 

[} [\PSALM XLVII.\] }]

   (\Magnus dominus & laudabilis nimis: in ciuitate dei
nostri in monte sancto eius.\) Gret lord and ful mykil louely:
in the cite of oure god. in the haly hill of him. 
   2. (\Fundatur exultacione vniuerse terre, mons syon:
latera aquilonis, ciuitas regis magni.\) It is foundid in
gladnes of all the erth. hill of syon: sides of the north.      #
cite of 
the gret kynge. 
<P 172>
   3. (\Deus in domibus eius cognoscetur: cum suscipiet
eam.\) God in howsis of it sall be knawyn: when he sall
vptake it. 
   4. (\Quoniam ecce reges terre congregati sunt: conuenerunt 
in vnum.\) ffor lo kyngis of erth ere gadird: thai samen 
come in ane. 
   5. (\Ipsi videntes sic admirati sunt, conturbati sunt,       #
commoti
sunt: tremor apprehendit eos.\) Thai seand swa
wondird ere. druuyd thai ere; stird thai ere, quakynge toke     #
thaim.
   6. (\Ibi dolores vt parturientis: in spiritu vehementi       #
conteres
naues tharsis.\) Thare sorows as of trauailand: in a 
gret gast thou sall altobreke the shippes of tharse. 
   7. (\Sicut audiuimus sic vidimus in ciuitate domini          #
virtutum,
in ciuitate dei nostri: deus fundauit eam in eternum.\)
As we herd swa we saghe in cite of lord of vertus, in cite of
oure god: god foundid it withouten end. 
   8. (\Suscepimus deus miserecordiam tuam: in medio
<P 173>
templi tui.\) We hafe takyn thi mercy god: in myddis of thi
tempile. 
   9. (\Secundum nomen tuum deus sic & laus tua in fines
terre: iusticia plena est dextera tua.\) Eftire thi name swa
thi louynge in endis of erth: of rightwisnes fild is thi        #
righthand.
   10. (\Letetur mons syon, & exultent filie iude: propter
iudicia tua domine.\) ffayn be the hill of syon and glade
the doghtirs of iude: for thi domes lord. 
   11. (\Circumdate syon & complectimini eam: narrate in
turribus eius.\) Vmgifis syon and halsis it: tellis in toures   #
of
it. 
   12. (\Ponite corda vestra in virtute eius: & distribuite
domos eius, vt enarretis in progenie altera.\) Settis +goure
hertis in vertu of it: and delys the howsis of it, that +ge     #
tell in
a nother kynde. 
   13. (\Quoniam hic est deus deus noster in eternum & in 
seculum seculi: ipse reget nos in secula\) ffor here is lord
oure god withouten end and in warld of warld: and he sall       #
guuerne
<P 174>
vs in warldis. 

[} [\PSALM XLVIII.\] }]

   (\Audite hec omnes gentes: auribus percipite omnes qui
habitatis orbem.\) Here there thyngis all genge: with eren
persayfe all that wonnys the warld. 
   2. (\Quique terrigene & filij hominum: simul in vnum
diues & pauper.\) All borne of erthe and sunnes of men:
samen in ane, the riche and the pore. 
   3. (\Os meum loquetur sapienciam: & meditacio cordis
mei prudenciam.\) My mouth sall speke wisdome: and the
thynkynge of my herte quayntys. 
   4. (\Inclinabo in parabolam aurem meam: aperiam in 
psalterio proposicionem meam.\) I sall held in parabole
myn ere; .i. sall oppyn in psawtry my proposicion. 
<P 175>
   5. (\Cur timebo in die mala: iniquitas calcanei mei          #
circumdabit 
me.\) Whi sall .i. drede in the ill day: the wickidnes
of my hele sall vmgif me. 
   6. (\Qui confidunt in virtute sua: & in multitudine          #
diuiciarum
suarum gloriantur.\) Thai that traystis in thaire vertu:
and in the multitude of thaire riches ioyes. 
   7. (\Frater non redimet, redimet homo: & non dabit deo
placacionem suam.\) Brothere sall not bye, sall man bye; and
he sall noght gif til god his quemynge. 
   8. (\Et precium redempcionis anime sue: & laborabit in
eternum & viuet adhuc in finem.\) And the prise of the
biynge of his saule: and he sall trauaile withouten ende, and   #
he 
sall lif +git in the ende. 
<P 176>
   9. (\Non videbit interitum cum viderit sapientes morientes:
simul insipiens & stultus peribunt.\) He sall not
see ded when he has seyne wismen dyand: to gidere vnwise and
fole sall perische. 
   10. (\Et relinquet alienis diuicias suas: & sepulchra eorum
domus illorum in eternum.\) And thai sall leue til aliens
thaire riches: and the sepulcres of thaim howsis of thaim       #
withouten
ende. 
   11. (\Tabernacula eorum in progenie & progenie: vocauerunt 
nomina sua in terris suis.\) Tabernakils of thaim in
kyn and kyn; tha cald thaire names in thaire erthis. 
   12. (\Et homo cum in honore esset non intellexit: comparatus
est iumentis insipientibus & similis factus est illis.\)
And man when he was in honur he vndirstode noght: lykynd
<P 177>
he is til bestis vnwise, & like he is made til thaim. 
   13. (\Hec via illorum scandalum ipsis: & postea in ore suo
complacebunt.\) This the way of tha slawndire til thaim: and 
sythen in thaire mouth thai sall queme. 
   14. (\Sicut oues in inferno positi sunt: mors depascet       #
illos.\)
As shepe in hell thai ere sett; ded sall fede thaim. 
   15. (\Et dominabuntur eorum iusti in matutino: & auxilium 
eorum veterascet in inferno a gloria eorum.\) And
lordis sall be of thaim the rightwis in mornynge: and the help  #
of
thaim sall elde in hell fra thaire ioy. 
   16. (\Verumptamen deus redimet animam meam de manu
inferi: cum acceperit me.\) Bot neuerthelatter god sall bye
my saule of the hand of hell: when he has takyn me. 
   17. (\Ne timueris cum diues factus fuerit homo: & cum
multiplicata fuerit gloria domus eius.\) Dred thou not.
<P 178>
when riche ware made man: and when the ioy of his howse ware
multiplide. 
   18. (\Quoniam cum interierit non sumet omnia: neque
descendet cum eo gloria domus eius.\) ffor when he dyes
he sall not take all; na the ioy of his howse sall descende     #
with
him. 
   19. (\Quia anima eius in vita ipsius benedicetur:            #
confitebitur 
tibi cum benefeceris ei.\) ffor his saule in life of
him sall be blissid; he sall shrife til the when thou has done  #
goed
til him. 
   20. (\Introibit vsque in progenies patrum suorum: &
vsque in eternum non videbit lumen.\) He sall entire in
the progenys of his fadirs: and in til withouten end he sall    #
not see
lyght. 
   21. (\Homo cum in honore esset non intellexit: comparatus
est iumentis insipientibus & similis factus est illis.\)
Man when he was in honur he noght vndirstode: likynd he is
til bestis vnwise, and he is like made til thaim. 

[} [\PSALM XLIX.\] }]

   (\Deus deorum dominus locutus est: & vocauit terram.\)
God of godis lord spake; and he kald the erth. 
<P 179>
   2. (\A solis ortu vsque ad occasum: ex syon species
decoris eius.\) ffra the risynge of the sone til the west; of 
syon the shape of his fairhede. 
   3. (\Deus manifeste veniet: deus noster & non silebit.\)
God sall cum apertly; oure god, and he sall not still. 
   4. (\Ignis in conspectu eius exardescet: & in circuitu 
eius tempestas valida.\) ffire in sight of him sall bren; and
in his vmgange grete storme. 
   5. (\Aduocauit celum desursum: & terram discernere
populum suum.\) He called heuen fra abouen: and the erth
to depart his folke. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 380>
[} [\PSALM CVI.\] }]

   (\Confitemini domine quoniam bonus: quoniam in 
seculum misericordia eius.\) Shrifis til lord for he is goed:
for in warld the mercy of him. 
   2. (\Dicant qui redempti sunt a domino quos redemit
de manu inimici: de regionibus congregauit eos.\) Say
thai that ere boght of lord, the whilk he boght of the hand of  #
enmy:
and of rewmys he gedird thaim. 
   3. (\A solis ortu & occasu: ab aquilone & mari.\) ffra the
rysynge of the son. and the settynge: fra the north and the     #
see.
   4. (\Errauerunt in solitudine in inaquoso: viam ciuitatis
habitaculi non inuenerunt.\) Thai errid in anly stede. in
stede withouten watire: the way of wonynge of the cite thai     #
noght
fand. 
   5. (\Esurientes & sicientes: anima eorum in ipsis defecit.\)
Hungirand & threstand: thaire saule faylid in thaim self. 
   6. (\Et clamauerunt ad dominum cum tribularentur: &
de necessitatibus eorum eripuit eos.\) And thai cried til
lord when thai ware in anguys: and of thaire nedyngis he toke
thaim out. 
<P 381>
   7. (\Et deduxit eos in viam rectam: vt irent in ciuitatem
habitacionis.\) And he led thaim in right way; that thai +gede
in cite of wonynge. 
   8. (\Confiteantur domino misericordie eius: & mirabilia
eius filijs hominum.\) Shrifes til lord the mercys of him; and
his wondirs til sunnys of men. 
   9. (\Quia saciauit animam inanem: & animam esurientem
saciauit bonis.\) ffor he fild the tome saule; and saule        #
hungirand
he fild of goeds. 
   10. (\Sedentes in tenebris & vmbra mortis: vinctos in 
mendicitate & ferro.\) Sitand in myrknes and in shadow 
of ded: bundyn in begynge and yryn. 
   11. (\Quia exacerbauerunt eloquia dei: & consilium altissimi
irritauerunt.\) ffor thai sharpid the wordis of god: and
the counsaile of the heghest thai voidyd. 
   12. (\Et humiliatum est in laboribus cor eorum: & infirmati
sunt nec fuit qui adiuuaret.\) And mekid is in trauayls
thaire hert: and thai ere made seke & thare was nane to helpe.
   13. (\Et clamauerunt ad dominum cum tribularentur: &
<P 382>
de necessitatibus eorum liberauit eos.\) And thai cryed til 
lord when thai ware in anguys; and of thaire nedyngis he        #
delyuerd
thaim. 
   14. (\Et eduxit eos de tenebris & vmbra mortis: & vincula
eorum disrupit.\) And he led thaim out of myrknes & of 
shadow of ded: and the bandis of thaim he braste. 
   15. (\Confiteantur domino misericordie eius: & mirabilia
eius filijs hominum.\) Shrife til lord the mercys of him: and 
his wondirs til sunnys of men. 
   16. (\Quia contriuit portas ereas: & vectes ferreos          #
confregit.\)
ffor he alto brake the +gatis of brass: and barris of
iryn he brake. 
   17. (\Suscepit eos de via iniquitatis eorum: propter         #
iniusticias 
enim suas humiliati sunt.\) He vptoke thaim fra the
way of thaire wickidnes: forwhi for thaire vnrightwisnesis      #
thai ere
mekid. 
   18. (\Omnem escam abhominata est anima eorum: &
apropinquauerunt vsque ad portas mortis.\) All mete
thaire saule wlathid: and thai neghid til the +gatis of ded.    #
   19. (\Et clamauerunt ad dominum cum tribularentur: & 
de necessitatibus eorum liberauit eos.\) And thai cried till
lord when thai ware in anguys: and of thaire nedyngis he        #
delyuerd
thaim. 
   20. (\Misit verbum suum & sanauit eos: & eripuit eos de
intericionibus eorum.\) He sent his worde and he helid
thaim: and he toke thaim out of thaire diyngis. 
<P 383>
   21. (\Confiteantur domino misericordie eius: & mirabilia
eius filijs hominum.\) Shrife til lord the mercys of him: and
his wondirs til sunnys of men. 
   22. (\Et sacrificent sacrificium laudis: & annuncient opera
eius in exultacione.\) And offire thai the offrand of louynge:
& shew thai his werkis in ioiynge. 
   23. (\Qui descendunt mari in nauibus: facientes operacionem
in aquis multis.\) The whilke descendis in the see in
shippis: doand wirkynge in many watirs. 
   24. (\Ipsi viderunt opera domini: & mirabilia eius in        #
profundo.\)
Thai saghe the werkis of lord: and his woundirs in
the grund. 
   25. (\Dixit & stetit spiritus procelle: & exaltati sunt
fluctus eius.\) He sayd & the gaste of tempest stode; and
heghid ere the flodis of it. 
   26. (\Ascendunt vsque ad celos, & descendunt vsque ad 
abyssos: anima eorum in malis tabescebat.\) Thai steghe
til heuens and thai light in til depnessis: the saule of thaim  #
in illis
faylid. 
   27. (\Turbati sunt & moti sunt sicut ebrius: & omnis
sapiencia eorum deuorata est.\) Druuyd thai ere and stird
<P 384>
thai ere as drunkyn man: and all thaire wisdome is devourd.
   28. (\Et clamauerunt ad dominum cum tribularentur: &
de necessitatibus eorum eduxit eos.\) And thai cried til
lord when thai ware in anguys: and of thaire nedyngis he out    #
led
thaim. 
   29. (\Et statuit procellam eius in auram: & siluerunt
fluctus eius.\) And he sett the storme in soft wynd: and the
stremys stillid. 
   30. (\Et letati sunt quia siluerunt: & deduxit eos in
portum voluntatis eorum.\) And thai ware fayn for thai
stillid: and he led thaim in hauen of thaire will. 
   31. (\Confiteantur domino misericordie eius: & mirabilia
eius filijs hominum.\) Shrife til lord the mercys of him:
and his woundirs til sunnys of men.
   32. (\Et exaltent eum in ecclesia plebis: & in cathedra
seniorum laudent eum.\) And hegh thai him in kirk of folk:
and in chayere of eldryn men loue thai him. 
   33. (\Posuit flumina in desertum: & exitus aquarum in
sitim.\) He sett flodis in desert: and passyngis of watirs in
threst. 
   34. (\Terram fructiferam in salsuginem: a malicia            #
inhabitancium 
in ea.\) Erth froyt berand in bryne: for the malice
<P 385>
of wonand in it. 
   35. (\Posuit desertum in stagna aquarum: & terram sine 
aqua in exitus aquarum.\) He sett desertes in stangis of
watirs: and erth withouten watire in passyngis of watirs. 
   36. (\Et collocauit illic esurientes: & constituerunt        #
ciuitatem
habitacionis.\) And he sett thare hungirand: & thai
stabild cite of wonynge. 
   37. (\Et seminauerunt agros & plantauerunt vineas: &
fecerunt fructum natiuitatis.\) And thai sew feldis and thai
plantid vyners: and thai made froyte of birth. 
   38. (\Et benedixit eis & multiplicati sunt nimis: & iumenta 
eorum non minorauit.\) And he blissid thaim and
thai ere multiplied fulmykil: and thaire bestis he lessid       #
noght.
   39. (\Et pauci facti sunt: & vexati sunt a tribulacione
malorum & dolore.\) And fa thai ere made: and trauayld
thai ere of the tribulacioun of illis and of sorow. 
   40. (\Effusa est contencio super principes: & errare fecit
eos in inuio & non in via.\) Helt is stryfe on prynces:
& he made thaim to erre in vnway & noght in way. 
<P 386>
   41. (\Et adiuuit pauperem de inopia: & posuit sicut oues
familias.\) And he helpid the pore out of nede: and he sett 
men+gis as shepe. 
   42. (\Videbunt recti & letabuntur: & omnis iniquitas
opilabit os suum.\) The ryght sall see and thai sall be fayne:
and all wickidnes sall stope his mouthe. 
   43. (\Quis sapiens & custodiet hec: et intelliget            #
misericordias
domini.\) Wha is wyse and sall kepe there: & vndirstandis
the mercys of lord. 

[} [\PSALM CVII.\] }]

   (\Paratum cor meum deus, paratum cor meum: cantabo
& psallam in gloria mea.\) Redy my hert god, redy my hert:
 .i. sall synge and .i. sall psalme say in my ioy. 
   2. (\Exurge gloria mea, exurge psalterium & cythara:
exurgam diluculo.\) Ryse my ioy, ryse my psautery and the
harpe: .i. sall ryse in the dagheynge. 
<P 387>
   3. (\Confitebor tibi in populis domine: & psallam tibi in
nacionibus.\) I sall shrife til the in folk lord: and .i. sall  #
synge
til the in nacyuns. 
   4. (\Quia magna est super celos misericordia tua: & vsque
ad nubes veritas tua.\) ffor grete is abouen heuens thi mercy:
& thi sothfastnes til the cloudis. 
   5. (\Exaltare super celos deus, & super omnem terram
gloria tua: vt liberentur dilecti tui.\) Be heghid abouen
heuens god, and abouen all erth thi ioy: that thi derlyngis be
delyuerd. 
   6. (\Saluum fac dextera tua, & exaudi me: deus locutus
est in sancto suo.\) Make safe with thi righthand and here
me: god spake in his halighe. 
   7. (\Exultabo & diuidam siccimam: & conuallem                #
tabernaculorum 
dimeciar.\) I sall ioy and .i. sall depart siccymam:
and the dale of tabernakils .i. sall mesure. 
   8. (\Meus est galaad & meus est manasses: & effraym
suscepcio capitis mei.\) Myn is galaad & myn is manasses:
and effraym resayfeynge of my heuyd. 
   9. (\Iuda rex meus: moab lebes spei mee.\) Juda my
kynge: moab pot of my hope. 
   10. (\In ydumeam extendam calciamentum meum: michi
alienigene amici facti sunt.\) In til ydumy .i. sall streke my
shoynge: til me aliens frendis ere made. 
   11. (\Quis deducet me in ciuitatem munitam: quis deducet
me vsque in ydumeam.\) Wha sall lede me in til cite warnyst;
wha sall lede me in til ydumy. 
<P 388>
   12. (\Nonne tu deus qui repulisti nos: & non exibis deus
in virtutibus nostris.\) Noght thou god that puttis vs agayne:
and thou sall noght out ga god in oure vertus. 
   13. (\Da nobis auxilium de tribulacione: quia vana salus
hominis.\) Gif vs helpe of tribulacioun: for vayn the hele of
man. 
   14. (\In deo faciemus virtutem: & ipse ad nichilum 
deducet inimicos nostros.\) In god we sall do vertu: and
he til noght sall brynge oure enmys. 

[} [\PSALM CVIII.\] }]

   (\Deus laudem meam ne tacueris: quia os peccatoris & os
dolosi super me apertum est.\) God my louynge halde noght
still: for mouth of the synful and the mouth of the             #
tricherous on
me is oppynd. 
   2. (\Locuti sunt aduersum me lingua dolosa: & sermonibus
odij circumdederunt me, & expugnauerunt me gratis.\)
Thai spake agayns me with trecherous tunge: and with wordis of
hateredyn thai vmgafe me, and thai werid me of selfe will. 
   3. (\Pro eo vt me diligerent detrahebant michi: ego autem
orabam.\) ffor that thynge that thai sould hafe lufid me thai 
bakbitid me: bot .i. prayed. 
<P 389>
   4. (\Et posuerunt aduersum me mala pro bonis: & odium
pro dileccione mea.\) And thai sett agayns me ill for goed;
& hateredyn for my luf. 
   5. (\Constitue super eum peccatorem: & diabolus stet a 
dexteris eius.\) Sett abouen him the synfull: and the deuyl
stand at his right syde. 
   6. (\Cum iudicatur exeat condempnatus: & oracio eius fiat
in peccatum.\) When he is demyd ga he out condempnyd:
and his prayere be made in syn. 
   7. (\Fiant dies eius pauci: & episcopatum eius accipiat
alter.\) ffew be made his dayes: & his byschopryche another
take. 
   8. (\Fiant filij eius orphani: & vxor eius vidua.\) His 
sunnes be made fadurles: and his wyf wydo. 
   9. (\Dubitantes transferantur filij eius & mendicent: & 
eiciantur de habitacionibus suis.\) Dowtand ouerborne be
his sunnys, & beg thei: and be thei out kasten of thair         #
wonnynges.
   10. (\Scrutetur fenerator omnem substanciam eius: & 
diripiant alieni labores eius.\) The okyrere ransake all his
substaunce: & aliens refe all his trauels. 

<Q M2/4 IR RELT RPSAL>
<N ROLLE PS AND COMM>
<A ROLLE RICHARD>
<C M2/4>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1420-1500>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D NL>
<V PROSE>
<T REL TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>

[^PART II^]
<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 18>
[} [\PSALM V.\] }]

   The voice of halykirke, that prayes to be departid fra       #
the
malice of the warld and cum til god, says. lord persayue my     #
wordis.
that is the psalmodye of my mouth: and vndirstand my cry, that  #
is
the will and +gernynge of my hert that cries til the. with      #
eres. that is
with presens of thi mageste, thurgh that thou heres when thou   #
will.
   [^2.^] I cry
with mouth & hert. for thi byhald. that is make me to byhald:   #
til 
my prayere, that i ne lose noght the froit thereof thurgh ill   #
entent
or ydill thoghtis. thou that ert my kynge, kepand me in         #
rightwisnes,
and my god, fedand my sayle.
   [^3.^] If thou here noght als tyt i. sall noght therfore     #
leue;
bot i. sall pray til the ay, till thou here: noght in nyght     #
bot in morne.
when the myrknes of synne wytis a way & the light of grace      #
comes,
thou sall here my voice. that is than i may vndirestand that    #
thou has
herd me.
   [^4.^] In morne, when i
haf forsaken myrknes of vices .i. sall stand till the in        #
perseuerance
and clennes of lif; as wha say .i. sall noght lige in flescly   #
lustis. for
swilk an sese noght god: bot he that standys til god in morn of
vertus. or morne he calles bygynnynge of the endles day. in     #
heuen,
when halykyrke and ilk rightwisman sall apertly see that na     #
wickidman
does godis will. and that is soth. for
   [^5.^] He is ill that does
that god has forboden hym to doe: and he wonnys noght bysyd
<P 19>
god, bot bysyd the deuel. vnrightwis is he that does noght      #
that god
biddis him doe: and he dwellis noght byfore godis lyght. for    #
if he
any tyme see oght what he sould doe, he dwellis noght tharin:
for he lufes that thynge that turnys him fra god.
   [^6.^] Na hatredyn
falles in god na mare than othere styrynge. bot it is said      #
that he
hatis ill men, for he departis thaim fra him, fore thai luf     #
synne ay
till thaire ded, and it lykes thaim. Bot til whaim swa synne    #
myslykes,
and he hate it: of that he fall. frelte of kynde does that      #
synne,
noght he. as saynt Paule says If .i. doe ill that i. will       #
noght doe,
i. doe it noght, bot synne that wonnys in me: that is           #
couaitise, in
the whilke ilk man is borne, and it lastis in him till he dye.  #
thou
sall tyne all that spekis leghe. in entent to dissayf any man:  #
for
that is contrary til sothfastnes. til perfite men it falles     #
not to leghe,
nouther in ernest ne in gamen: noght of thai myght saf a mannys
lyf there thurgh: for sothfastnes is of that thynge that is;    #
leghynge
is noght of the thynge that is, bot of the thynge that is       #
noght; and
worthily he is lost that heldis fra that at is til that at is   #
noght.
   [^7.^] That is at say, men slaers, with tonge or hand or     #
hert, and fals
men, leghers, god sall desherit, and make tham partles of       #
heuen:
bot .i., says halykyrke, and ilk trew man, in thi mykil mercy,  #
noght
in my meritis.
   [^8.^] The mykilnes of godis
mercy is the gret merit of perfit men, that thai haf of godis   #
mercy,
in that thai entire in till godis house of heuen, and takis     #
thaire ioy
and thaire mansyon eftire thaire perfeccioun: and i. twix .i.   #
sall
lout til thi haly tempill. liftand my hert vp til the til       #
whaim .i.
aproche with goed werkis and deuote prayere: in thi dred, that
is gret help in the way.
<P 20>
   [^9.^] Led me lord. that is make me to wax in thi luf, and   #
that in
rightwisnes, in the whilk thou byhaldis thaim that mekly does   #
penaunce.
for myn enmys: that thai be confused or conuertyd. dress
my way in the whilke i sall ga til the: in thi sight, that is   #
in
consciens whare man sees noght, bot anly god: and that          #
consciens
aghe noght to trow til man, lackand or louand, for he sees it
noght: in the whilke oure way is rightyd till god.
   [^10.^] And nede is that thou right me, for in the 
mouth of my enmys, tha ere bakbiters and defamers, sothfastnes  #
is
noght. forthi it is noght to trow til thaire demynge, bot to    #
fle til my
consciens. whare i may best knaw my selfe. and na wondire if    #
thai
be noght sothfast in tonge, fore thaire hert is vayn withouten  #
grace.
for thai wen outher that thai synn noght. or that thaire synn   #
sall
noght be punyst.
   [^11.^] Thaire throt is lyknyd til a graue openand, for      #
thai shew
stynkand wordes that corumpis the herers, and with flaterynge   #
thai
deuoure wham swa thai may felaghe with thaim. with thaire ill   #
tonges
swikilly thai wroght. vndire colour of soth bryngand in         #
falshed. and
for thai ere swilk, deme thaim god. that is dampne thaim. the   #
prophet
couaitis noght thaire dampnacioun, bot he says that is at come.
   [^12.^] Thus deme thaim. fall thai, that is be thai dampned. #
witnes
thaire awn consciens and accusand thaim. and than outpute thaim
fra the heritage of heuen, fere as thaire wickidnes diserues;   #
for thai
excitid the til vengaunce, duelland in thaire synne.
   [^13.^] Thai sall down fall. and fayn be of the heritage in  #
the tother lyf
all that now hopes in the: till the whilk thou ert soft and     #
swet. and
<P 21>
thai sall ioy withouten end, noght shortly, as erthly lufers    #
does: and
thou sall won in thaim, for that sall be thaire ioy, when thai  #
ere
made thi tempile.
   [^14.^] The name of ihu~
is hele and ioy: forthi na wondire if thai be in ioy of hele    #
that lufis
it. this luf is noght passand bot lastand, in perfit memoire    #
and gret
delite. the rightwise has godis blissynge. for his ioy is in    #
god in this
lyf & in the tother.
   [^15.^] That is at say, lord thi goed will in this present   #
is till vs as
sheld agayns oure enmys, & in the tother warld as coroune that  #
is
endles blis & honour ymange aungels and haloghs.

[} [\PSALM VI.\] }]

   Wodness or ire is a stirynge of mannys will, excitand
to vengaunce. the whilk stirynge is neuermare in god. bot the
wodnes of him standis for gret ire. that is rightwis dome.      #
when he
sall be seen til ill men as wrethid & as wode. for men sais of  #
a
man that sparis noght, he faris as a woedman. as wha say. Lord  #
in
thi dome argu me noght. that is sett noght swilk skilles        #
agayns me
that i. be conuycte and worthi dampnacioun. for arguynge is to  #
ouer
come a nother with skilles: na in thi wreth amend me or chasti
me, bot hele me here. with pyne & penaunce, that i be noght     #
thare
nouthere argued ne chastid. If i be made hale here, me thare
noght dred ded, ne the hand of the leche brennand or sherand.
The seuen psalmes of the whilk this is the first. bygynnys all  #
in
sorowand gretynge and bitternes of forthynkynge, & thai end in
certaynte of pardoun. And thai ere seuen, that we wit that      #
thurgh
the seuen giftis of the haly gast all synne may be doen away,   #
that
is wroght in seuen dayes of this lif. And alswa for thare is    #
seuen
maners of remyssioun of synn. baptem. almus dede. Martirdome.
<P 22>
turnynge of neghbure til god. forgifynge til him that synnes    #
in vs.
satisfaccioun and gretynge for synn. comunynge of sacrament of
the autere.
  [^2.^] Haf mercy of me in this lif. for i am seke of kynde
and thurgh synne. swa mykil that i may noght bere thi           #
rightwisnes:
hele me lord in saule. for my banes, that is my thoght, and     #
all the
strenght of my will, ere druuyd in sorowynge of my synne and in
penance. his entent is. that sorow for his synn has reft him    #
the
shyrnes of warldis delite and fleschly lust, as druuynge does   #
watere.
  [^3.^] That is at say, Mi saule is mykil turned til penance:  #
forthi
how lange dylayes thou to gif grace and to hele me: as wha      #
say, i
doe that in me is, forthynkand my synne: doe thou that in the   #
is,
heland my saule.
   [^4.^] I fele trauaile in
turnynge: forthi thou that may, turne me perfitly til the.      #
fulhard it is 
to be turnyd enterly til the bryghthed and the pees of godis    #
lyght,
fra the myrknes of erthly couaitys; forthi he says. out take my
saule, bondyn in synn, and lettid with many enmys in turnynge.
Naman that heres this sall thynk to be perfit withouten lange
trauaile and gret besynes in saule. noght as some foles does.   #
that
wenes thaire fete are thare. whare thaire heued come noght      #
+git: for
a litill penance that thai ere in.
   [^5.^] Thus i sorow for my synn, and that aghe me wele. for  #
he is noght
in dedly synne that euer has the in his thoght: and he that     #
despises
thi worde, he has forgetyn the. and swa he is in ded: in hell.  #
that
is in blyndhed of wanhope, wha sall shrife till the; nane. for  #
that
hell graues synful men.
<P 23>
   [^6.^] Sinful ere in ded and in 
hell, and that i be delyerd tharof i. trauaild, makand amendis  #
for
my synn in sorow of my hert. and .i. sall waysch my bed, that   #
is 
his consciens. the whilk till some is rest. til some tourment.  #
thare
restis clen of hert. thare vnclen ere pyned. than he sais, i    #
sall clens
my consciens, passand ilk nyght by nyght, that is bi all        #
synnes, that
nane be forgetyn vnpunust, and with my teris, that is the       #
bitternes
of penance, my beddynge, that is the nether party of my saule.
that is cald the sensualite, i sall wete. that is .i. sall      #
make it to bere
froit, that bifore was drye fra goed werkes.
   [^7.^] Myn eghe, that is my skil,
druuyd is, for dred, noght all out: of woednes, that is the     #
ire of god
on domes day, that is dred gretly. for i eldid ymangs all myn   #
enmys.
that is i. dwelled lange in synn, and in felaghschip of ill     #
men, till
whaim i assentid: that enmys ere to the saule, thof thai seme   #
frendes
til the body: til whaim now he spekis, forsakand thaire         #
felaghschip.
   [^8.^] Here he shewis that tha that duellis in thaire synn
sall be departid fra all that does penance; the voice of his    #
gretynge
he kallis compunccioun of his synne.
   [^9.^] Eftire mykyll sorrow and penaunce
he sais verraly that god has herd him. swa that na synful man   #
fall
in dispaire, that will folow his penaunce. god vptoke his       #
prayere as 
offrand. for god has delite in lastynge of men in goednes.      #
forthi.
   [^10.^] In ensaumpile of me shame thai with thaire
dedis, and for drede of dome stired be thai till penaunce: in   #
gret
sorow be thai turnyd til god. that thai ga noght whidere thai   #
thoght:
<P 24>
and shame thaim ful wightly. this falles til cristes myght,     #
that tornes
the synfulest man of the warld als tyt when he will, and makes  #
to
shame with his synn that bifore had ioy & louynge tharof. this
psalme is songen in the office of dedmen, forthi that for swilk
sorow and penaunce trew men has eftyre this lyf that thai       #
gretly
couaityd here. and ill men than feles the fire of hell, that    #
thai wild
noght here dred, bot dispised it, as nane swilk pyne ware       #
ordaynd
for synful men.

[} [\PSALM VII.\] }]

   A rightwisman prayes that god delyuere him of the deuel and  #
his
lymmes, and sais: Lord of all thurgh myght, god of all, for all
thynge has thou made: myn with will: i hoped in the, noght in   #
me. 
forthi saf me fra all gastly wickydnes. and vices and synnes.   #
and
delyuer me.
   [^2.^] This
lyon is the deuel that sekis how he myght wynn mennys saule.
His armes with the whilk he fightis agayns vs ere synnes. If    #
crist
by noght, ne makis safe oure saule, gifand lif with outen end.  #
this
lyon reues thaim till hell.
   [^3.^] Here spekis a perfit man, that byhoues be war
with the quaynt desaitis of anly the deuel. that when a man is  #
ful of
vertus, than is he ay aboute to put him in til pride. forthi a  #
perfit
man sais, lord if i did this thynge. that is pride, the whilk   #
is rote of
all illes. and if wickidnes is in my hend. noyand any man: as   #
wha say,
nother i haf pride in my self, ne .i. doe harme til my          #
neghbure.
   [^4.^] If i +geldid
ill til +geldand til me ill for goed. that is signe of gret     #
suffrynge.
when he +geldis goed til thaim that +geldis ill for goed. as    #
wha say, if i
<P 25>
did ill for ill. doun fall i. for my dede, ouercomen of myn     #
enmys. idel
made in vayn glory. thus he says as he myght noght haf ben      #
ouercomen.
for he that +geldis noght ill he ouercomes his ire: that is 
perfitnes.
   [^5.^] That is at say:
if .i. +geldid ill, noght anly be i made ydel, bot alswa the    #
deuel, that is
enmy til all man kynd, folow my saule, eggand til synne: and    #
take
it. that is. desaif it thurgh delite and assent. and tred my    #
lyf in
erth. that is tredand my lyf make it erthly and his mete. for   #
synful
mannys lif is the deuels mete, & my ioy, that sould be in my    #
consciens, 
stabile in godis syght; brynge he in til dust. that is till     #
vayn
glorye and louynge of men. he will that his ioy be withinen     #
thare
god sees, for it is bot dust if he ioy in any thynge withouten.
   [^6.^] Als wha say. if .i. did that ill. ill byfall me.
anly perfit men may say this: but for i. did it noght. rise     #
lord in thi
ire, that is in vengaunce of the deuel. and be heghid in        #
endis. that is
in the possession of myn enmys. that is the deuel and his       #
aungels.
the possession of the deuel is synful men. for that prayes the  #
perfit
man, that the deuel lose thaim. and thai be made the            #
possession of
god. that is when a wickid man becomes a rightwisman, and is
godis tempill.
   [^7.^] Ryse lord, that is appere in flech: in the
biddynge of meknes that thou comaundid: for thou biddis         #
meknes: first
doe it, and be sen meke, that other may lere for to ouercome    #
pride,
swa that the deuel weld thaim noght: and the synagoge. that is  #
the
gadrynge of folk sall vmgif the: some lufand some dispisand     #
the.
   [^8.^] And for that synagoge lufand the, in heght agayn ga:  #
that is,
<P 26>
make thaim that lufis the wit thi myght: that thof thou semed
mek in erth. thou ert god and demere of all: for thou lord      #
demes
folk: the whilk dome the perfit man noght dredand dare praye.
   [^9.^] His rightwisnes is in good dedis. his vnnoyandnes is  #
that he is
withouten ill. A man that has kepid the comaundmentis of god.
wele dare ask to be demed eftire his rightwisnes: the whilk     #
rightwisnes
and vnnoyandnes ere abouen me. for thai ere of god noght
of me.
   [^10.^] Endid be, that is be fulfild the felony of synful.   #
that he
that is in filth be mare filed, swa that at last comes          #
rightwis dome.
he desires noght that it be. bot he says as it sall be: and     #
thou sall
right the rightwis that he be mare rightwis: and for it is      #
noght knawn
of man whare is verrai rightwisnes, for ypocrysy. he sais that  #
it anly
falles til god. to ransake hertis and neris, that is thoghtis   #
and delites.
for he anly wate what ilk man thynkis & what thynge his delite  #
is 
in. Oure werkis may men see; bot whi we doe thaim and whidere
we thynk in doand thaim. anly god sees: and when he sees oure
hert in heuen & noght be delityd in flechly luf bot in his      #
luf. than
he makis vs mare right and helpis vs.
   [^11.^] This help kepis hele: for it is rightwis that he be
helpid of god and saued, that swa helpis his brothere.
   [^12.^] God is rightwis iuge, for he
demes ilk man eftire his dedis. stalworth in punyschand, &      #
soffrand.
abydand synful men if thai will come til penaunce. and that is  #
that 
he wrethis him noght ilk day. but swa mykill the harder will he
punysch if thai mend thaim noght: and neuer the lattere he      #
somondis
thaim till penaunce & sais.
<P 27>
   [^13.^] Wickid men torne +gow til god, or elles he will      #
braundis his swerd:
that is. he will doe in +gow apert vengaunce. for he has bent   #
his bow.
that is he manaunce +gow with haly writt. and redid it. thurgh  #
haly
men expownynge. whaim +ge dispise. and haly lare alswa.
   [^14.^] In haly writt he has redid uessels of ded.
that is goed wordis, the whilk slas men fra synne, and makis    #
thaim
lifand til god. and his arues. that is sharpe sentence thirland
mennys hertis, he made til thaim that ere brennand in his luf.  #
swa
that thai may say we ere woundid with charite, & na thynge may  #
lett
thaim of thaire luf. bot for many heris godis word that lufis   #
noght.
   [^15.^] He has consayued of
the deuel sorow. that is appetit of erthly goedis. that is      #
cald sorow. 
for ill men has sorow when thai lose thaim. thai ere sede of    #
the
whilk he bryngis forth vnrightwisnes for to dissaife his        #
neghbure.
   [^16.^] Oppynynge of the lake is when he has
consayued sorow of couaitis and thynkis to begile his neghbure:
he vpgraues it when he waitis all that he may to doe it in      #
dede. bot
he falles in the pit that he made: for ilk a gyloure is first   #
hurte in
his saule than he may noy any man in his katell.
   [^17.^] That is at say, the sorow that he consayued sall be 
turnyd in his thoght. and his wickidnes in his skalp: for he    #
willyd
noght flee synn. bot likyd to be seruaunte of syn. swa that     #
his synn
weghe him down. that he neuer rise til the rist of heuen.  

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 170>
[} [\PSALM XLVI.\] }]

   The prophet, in voice of apostils. amonestand
vs till louynge says. +ge all genge til whaim grace is comen.
makis +gow play in goed werkis. ioyes til god, that +goure      #
hand and
+gour tonge acorde. the hand wirkand. the tonge louand.
   [^2.^] This is cheson to ioy, for oure lord is
heghe. that is, myghty in all that he will. aghful in his       #
dome, and
gret kynge abouen all creatures.
   [^3.^] That is, he made ill stiryngis and vayn thoghtis to   #
be vndireloute,
that thai ouercum vs noght. and vices ill werkis and fleyssely
affeccion he sett vndire the fete of charite, swa that we       #
trede thaim
down. if we be thus heghe in erth we sall be ful heghe in       #
heuen.
this principate has nane bot haly men.
   [^4.^] That is, withouten oure meryt he chese to
gif til vs his lufers his heritage, that is, endles life.       #
whilke heritage.
the fairhed of iacob. for the heritage of heuen is the fairhed  #
of
cristen men, whare thai sall be shynand as the sun. that now    #
semes
outkastynge.
   [^5.^] Ihu~ crist
steghe in til heuen in wondirful ioy of apostils, that saghe    #
him that
tyme. and in voice of trumpe, that is, in voice of aungels, the
whilke apperid than and spake. (\Viri galilei, &c.\) that was   #
for this
skil, that all the warld sould stabely trow that apostils and   #
aungels
confermyd. for thi,
   [^6.^] Syngis til oure god with goed werkis. syngis in ioy   #
of hert til
oure kynge ihu~ crist: syngis assiduelly, louand him in thoght  #
and in
dede. fulhalsum it is that thus ofte is rehercid: forthi        #
syngis.
<P 171>
   [^7.^] He is god that
makis, and kynge that guuerns in ilke stede. syngis wisly,      #
that is,
wirkis with discrecion. for naman dos wisely that he knawis     #
noght.
   [^8.^] That is, on aungels and haly saules, in 
whaim his rest is.
   [^9.^] Prynces of 
folke ere apostils, and pore men wilfully, that folows crist in
maners. and thai sall be gadird with crist. to be domes men.
in the last end of the warld. for goddis stalworth. that is,    #
tirauntes
and proude men, that traystis thaim in thaire myght. gretly ere
vpliftid in honurs & riches. bot there princes with crist sall  #
brynge
thaim down with sorow. and shame and hethynge.

[} [\PSALM XLVII.\] }]

   Crist is a gret
lord: for he dos all thynge myghtyly. and louely, for faire.    #
and
wondirfully he dos ful mykil, withouten terym and end: bot      #
whare
is he louely. in the cite of oure god, that is, amange goed     #
men.
noght in cite of ill men whare the deuel is kynge: bot in haly
kyrke, that is sett in his haly hill. that is. it is festid in  #
charite.
   [^2.^] The whilke cite is foundid in gladnes of all
manere of men, gladly cumand til halykirke. for the hill of     #
syon.
that is, men heghe in contemplacioun of god. and the sydes of
the north. that is, synful men, that ere turnyd fra the deuel   #
hally
til god. there ere the cite of the gret kynge crist. other      #
kyngis ere
smale.
<P 172>
   [^3.^] The howsis of halykirke ere sere ordirs or sere
degres of meritis. in tha he sall be knawyn in blisse: for in   #
ilke
distinccion he sall shew the knawynge of him. as thai hafe      #
lufid
here. and that, when he sall vptake it til heuen.
   [^4.^] The kyngis of erth, with other cristen men, ere
gadird in anhede of trouth. thai samen come in ane, that is, in
charite, that makis ane in god.
   [^5.^] Thai seand, that is, vndirstandand swa mykil the ioy  #
of heuen
that god hight til his lufers, wondird ware, that thai had      #
lifid swa
lange in blyndhede of saule. druuyd thai ere for thaire syn in 
penaunce, and stird til gode. quakynge for foly and ill         #
consciens
toke thaim: for swa mykel was thaire dreide in hert that thai   #
quoke
in body.
   [^6.^] In that 
druuyinge ware sorowis of penaunce as of a wommane that
trauails. that is, thai ere ful grefeous, bot thai ere          #
profitabil. for
froite of endles ioy comes of thaim: in a gret gaste, that is,  #
thurgh
the haligast. thou sall altobreke the shippes of tharse. that   #
is, the
renners in sere lustis and synnes of this warld. forto spy how  #
thai
may cum til the ioy of erth. there brekis god vmwhile, to gare
thaim seke verray ioy. and if tha will not leue, he brekis      #
thaim
and kastis thaim till hell fire in his wreth.
   [^7.^] As we herd in
prophitis swa we saghe fulfild in haly kyrke, that is cite of   #
oure
god. he foundid it to last withouten end.
<P 173>
   [^8.^] We hafe takyn thi mercy. that is, the haly gast gifen 
til vs mercifully. in myddys of thi tempile. that is, in the    #
couent of
cristen men.
   [^9.^] Eftire thi name ihu~ is spred swa thi louynge, that   #
is not perfitly
bot in haly men, that ere in endis of erthe, that is, in        #
halykirke, that
is largid in all the warld: thi righthand, that is, endles      #
blis, is full of 
rightwisnes, that is, of rightwis men. for many sall stand at   #
his 
righthand. therfor,
   [^10.^] The hill of syon, that
is, saules heghe in contemplatife life. the doghtirs of iude.   #
lesse. that
shrifes thaim clene of syn: and thai may be glade for thi       #
domes, 
that thou saues all that turnys thaim til the. and thaim that   #
haldis
thaim fra the thou blyndis thaim.
   [^11.^] Vmgifis syon. that is, comes aboute haly men,        #
honurand
noght noyand, and halsis it in charite. telles, that is,        #
preches til other
the louynge tharof, in toures of it, that is in heghnes of      #
thaire 
lerynge.
   [^12.^] The vertu of this cite is charite, that nathynge
ouercomes. sett +goure hertis tharon. and than ga +ge not       #
will: and
delys, that is, distyngis house fra house, that is, the goed    #
fra the ill:
and swa loke whaim +ge sall folow. bot be ware that +ge deme    #
not
folily him that is goed, wenand that he be ill. that +ge tell   #
godis goednes
in a nother kynde. that is, ti all that will here the gestis    #
of 
halymen, forto folow thaim.
<P 174>
   [^13.^] Crist is here with vs present, and he is oure god, 
that hilles vs that we dye noght ill. and he is oure kynge      #
that 
guuernys vs, that we fall noght, and that is in warldis         #
withouten
ende.

[} [\PSALM XLVIII.\] }]

   In this psalme spekis the
prophet. of the lufers of the warld, shewand that thai sall     #
perische
with all thaire ioy: for that thai sould do til honur of god    #
thai doe
it that thai may spede wele in thaire nedes. and haf thaire     #
will here.
Here the thyngis that .i. sall say, all genge. that is, all     #
wickidmen.
and with eren persaifes. that +ge here not passandly. all that  #
wonnys
the warld: that is, all rightwismen, that ere not haldyn ne     #
lappid
in errours of the warld, bot thai trede thaim vndire thaire     #
fete.
   [^2.^] Borne of erth ere tha that
folows erthly vices: sunnes of men he calles goed men, that     #
lifis as
skil leris and godis laghe. the riche, lufand the warld. and    #
the pore,
lufand noght bot god, heres +ge that ere samen in ane, that     #
is, +ge ere
not departid till +ge dye. forthi heres samen godis worde: tyme
comes when +ge may not be samen.
   [^3.^] Wisdome falles til thynge that
is of god: quantise til confourmynge of maners: in there twa
thyngis is goddis worde shewid.
   [^4.^] That is, 
 .i. sall meke me til sothfastnes that spekis in me, and        #
lerand me to
speke in parabils, that is, in likyngis that all men kan noght  #
vndirstand:
and .i. sall oppyn in psawtry, that is, .i. sall shew in werke,
my proposicyon, that is, what thynge .i. sett til me bifor all  #
other
<P 175>
thynge, that is, the blisse of heuen. aswa say, .i. sall shew   #
in dede
my worde. 
   [^5.^] Here in his person he sekis the
cheson of drede and of dampnacioun of ill men. that is          #
wickidnes,
and says. Whi sall .i. drede in ill day. that is, in the day    #
of dome,
that is kald ill day. for all thyngis sall than be oppynd. and  #
ill is it
kald for vnrightwismen, that sall than be dampned. lo whi .i.   #
sall
drede: for the wickidnes of my hele sall vmgif me: that is, the
wickidnes that lastis in me at myn endynge sall make me to      #
drede
and be dampned.
   [^6.^] There ere thai that
ere vmgifen with wickidnes: aswha say. drede is of wickidnes,   #
and
wickidnes is of erthly thynge, in the whilke men ere swa mykil
folis. that sum ere that traystis in thaire vertu of body, or   #
in thaire
wit. and other ioyes in thaire riches. for thai hafe many,      #
whare of
thai ere proude: or in thaire frendis. and all is in vayne.     #
for,
   [^7.^] Brothere crist sall not
bye swilke. for thai trayst noght in him. bot in thaire vertu.  #
Wha
sa trayst in this brother he sall not drede in ill day. sall    #
man bye
thaim. nay, thof he be neuer swa myghty. aswha say, thai ere in
prison of the deuel. and nane is to bye thaim oute. for crist   #
will
noght, thare frend mey noght, than ere thai lost: and swa he    #
sall
noghi gif til god. his quemynge. that is, he wil noght gif til  #
god luf
of his hert. tha myght queme him.
   [^8.^] That is, he sall not doe verray penaunce
and almusdede, thurghe the whilke he myght bye his saule fra
hell. and therfor he sall trauaile withouten ende in pynes,     #
and +git
he sall life in the ende: that is, eftere the ende of this      #
life. he sall
<P 176>
life in saule, and be haldyn in sorow of hell. til he take his  #
body
and be tourmentid in bathe.
   [^9.^] That is, he sall not vndirstande that verray
ded be, when he sees euenly ill and goed dye. for he says. if   #
the
wisman that lufis god be ded as the ill, whare til sall .i.     #
folow him.
 .i. will fare wele whils .i. life: and swa he knawis not the   #
endles
ded. that he hastis him til. and the wisman passis til life,    #
bot the 
vnwise, that bihaldis noght what pyne is grauythid til synful   #
men,
and the fole, that thofe he bihald he will not doe swa that he  #
ware
delyuered, sall perische bathe to gidere.
   [^10.^] And thai sall leue thaire riches, for the whilke     #
thai did
mykil ill. and tynt thaire saules. til aliens, thof thai leue   #
thaim til
thaire sunnes. for aliens thai ere til thaim that dos thaim na  #
goed.
and thaire sepulcres ere thare howsis. that is, thai wene that  #
thaire
faire and dere graues may last til menynge of thaim euermare.   #
thof
thai be in hell. noght in sepulcres: for thare the saule is.    #
thare is the
mast parte of the man.
   [^11.^] That is,
the howsis that thai leue til thaire ayres, thai wene thai      #
sall last in
kyn of sunnes and kyn of kosyns, and swa forth. thai cald       #
thaire
names, that is, thai seke that thaire names be kald, of thaire  #
howsis:
and that is not gret. for it is noght bot in thaire aghen       #
erthe. sene
thaire fame is noght amange straunge men: bot what is thaim     #
the 
bettere, sen noght als mykel as a drope of watire comes til the
tonge of him that brennys in hell.
<P 177>
   [^12.^] And in this,
as in other thynge, man vndirstode not what he did, when he     #
soght
to hafe his name in this warld. for he sould hafe desired       #
lastand ioy.
neuer the latter he was in honur. that is, made til the ymage   #
of god.
and for he wroght not vndirstandanly he is likynd, losand vse   #
of
skill, til vnwise bestis in vnwisdome: and like he is till      #
thaim, for his
syn, noght of kynde.
   [^13.^] This way, that is, this
life of tha, for it ledis thaim til hell, is slawndire til      #
thaim. that is,
stangynge and sorow and cheson of thaire dampnacioun. it is not
sykirnes til thaim, for thai ere tourementid of thaire aghen    #
dedis.
thynke not that swilke men ere blisful whas life is slawndire.  #
and
sythen when warldis godes comes at thaire will, thai sall       #
queme in
thaire mouth. for that is the manere of synful men, when thai   #
fulfil
thare +gernyngis than thanke thai god.
   [^14.^] Thai sall 
be sett in hell eftere this life. as shepe that has lost        #
thaire woul and
lifes. swa in wickidmen, withouten wastynge of thaire kynde;    #
pyne
fyndes ay that it tourmentis. for thai ere ay dyand and neuer   #
may
dye. and ded swa fedis thaim. that is, ledis fra pyne til pyne.
   [^15.^] That is, rightwismen sall
be abouen thaim and deme thaim in the generall resurreccioun.   #
and
the help of thaim that thai had here. in ioy of the warlde,     #
sall elde in
hell. fra thaire ioy. for alsmykil as thai ware sene hafand     #
ioy in erth,
als mykill sorow sall thai suffire thare.
   [^16.^] Thai
ere put fra thaire ioy; bot me he sall bye fra the pouste of    #
the 
deuel, when he has takyn me til his kepynge.
<P 178>
   [^17.^] Drede thou noght to be goed, thof the synful made 
be riche, and thou pore: for it is not grete that he is riche.  #
when
outkastyngis of men has riches. & when the ioy of his howse     #
ware
multiplide in honurs: for all that is not at tell by.
   [^18.^] Hethynge is this of riche men. for thai take noght   #
with
thaim when thai dye, & the ioy of thaire howse wites away, and  #
thai
descend in til hell with sorow.
   [^19.^] In his life his saule is heghid in lustis & delites  #
of this
warld, & forthi in ded it sall be tourmentid. he sall shrife.   #
that is,
he sall loue the, god. when thou has done goed til him. that    #
is, anly
in wele, neuermare in wa. that is a despisabile shrift that     #
ese makis,
bot that is of mykil meryt that na sorow may fordow.
   [^20.^] That is, he sall folow ald wickid men. and therfore  #
he
sall not see light. for wha swa folowis the werst men thai      #
sall be
dampned in thaire felaghschip. and thai see noght light         #
withouten
end. for in this warld thai ere blyndid in saule, and in the    #
tother
thai suffire the myrknes of hell.
   [^21.^] He rehercys
the foulhed of man, that the ill man stynt of his ill.

[} [\PSALM XLIX.\] }]

   In this
<P 179>
psalme the prophet leris that na man drede thof thai haf na     #
bodily
thynge to offire til god: for oure lord couaytis lufe and       #
louynge
of vs, and noght elles. And he reprehendis riche men that wenes
to be safe for thaire offrandis, or for goed that thai gif til  #
pore men.
bot wit thai wele, thof thai gafe all that thai hafe, thai be   #
not safe,
bot if thai luf god. God, makere of godis thurgh his grace. he
calles goed cristen men godis, for he has gifen thai myght to   #
be
goddis sunnes. lord of all, spake in his seruauntes, and in     #
his aghen
person in erth, and he called the erth. that is, men that ere   #
erthe,
   [^2.^] He cald men fra the est, 
bigynand; that is, at thaim that ere in light of grace, til     #
the west.
that is, til thaim. fra whaim the sone of rightwisnes           #
departis, and
thai dye in thaire syn. bot of syon, that is, fra iherusalem,   #
is his
fayrhede first shewid: for thare it bigan to be preched.
   [^3.^] He
sall cum apertly to deme, and than he sall not still to say     #
the rightwisnes
of dome: bot now he is still, abidand men til penaunce.
   [^4.^] Here descryues he his comynge
til the dome. fire materiel. or of ill consciens, sall bren.    #
than may 
the cafe drede, and stubil: in syght of him. that is, when      #
thai sall
see in him demand. that fire sall bren the face of this warld,  #
and
purge it and make it bright. and it sall bren ill men in till   #
hell.
If oght be in goed men it sall purge thaim. and in his vmgange,
that is, in his halighis. that sall sitt and deme with him.     #
sall be 
storme, that is, demynge and sentence of euennes, and that      #
gret,
for it sall depart goed fra ill. this sall be an vgly storme    #
til thaim,
dryuand thaim in til endles sorow.
   [^5.^] He cumand to deme sall call heuen. that is all
perfite men, to be siters with him and deme: fra abouen, that   #
is of
his myght, that is abouen. thai sall sitte an twelfe setils to  #
deme the
twelfe kyndis of israel. and he sall call the erth.  

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P 380>
[} [\PSALM CVI.\] }]

   And that .i. say of his mercy. 
   [^2.^] Crist with his blode boght 
cristen men fra the deuyl. and gedird thaim tobe a folk of god.
that bifore was scatird in sere errours. whethen gedird he      #
thaim.
   [^3.^] The see he settis for the south. for the grete see is #
in that syde
of the warld. 
   [^4.^] Thai errid for thai knew noght sothfastnes. dwelland  #
in
anly stede withouten god. and in stede withouten watire. that   #
is,
withouten haly lare. for thai fand noght ihu~ crist. that is    #
way that
ledis til the cite of heuen, whare goed wonynge is. for thai    #
ware.
   [^5.^] That 
is, thai had noght mete of godis worde, na drynke of his        #
grace: forthi
na wondire if thaire saule faylid fra gastly goed. for it       #
dwellid in
thaim selfe. that is, it passid noght til godis luf. ffor luf   #
suffirs noght
oure thoght to be in oure selfe. bot it rawysshis it in til     #
the thynge
that we luf. the whilk luf if it be in god. it is oure corown.  #
if it be in
any creature it is fire that bren sall oure kaytif saules.
   [^6.^] Thai ware ouercomen in defaute and in errour and
hungire. thai cried and he delyuerd thaim of nedyngis. that     #
is, of
illis the whilk thai myght noght fle.
<P 381>
   [^7.^] Aswhasay. he toke thaim out of ignoraunce.
and he shewid thaim crist, thorgh whaim wele wirkand thai sould
ga in til the cite of sykire wonynge.
   [^8.^] That is cheson and mater to
luf oure lord. his mercys noght oure merytis. & his wondirs.    #
shewid
til men. that is, tha ilk mercys that ere gifen til men in      #
woundireful
manere of redempcioun.
   [^9.^] That is, of konynge and grace, that it
had will to desyre goednes. sum ere ouere takyn with swa mykil
hungire that thai hafe noght appetite to ete. swilk is a        #
hungry saule
that list noght luf god. for it is noght wont thar till.
   [^10.^] Sitand, that is, dwelland. 
for thai ware ouercumyn with ill custum. in myrknes. that is,
in synnys, and in shadow of ded. that is, in vicious life.      #
that is
ymage of endles ded. bunden in begynge. that is, in nede of     #
saule
fode. and in iryn, that is, hard bundyn in wickidnes.
   [^11.^] That is, thai wroght
agayns godis wordes. in whas rewlys thai wald noght lif. bot    #
held
thaim sharpe & noght at do. Godis counsaile was that tha that
ware proude sould be mekid in anguys. that is halsum            #
counsaile. bot
the pryde of this warlde voydis it and despisis it.
   [^12.^] ffor thai despisid his counsaile thai ware in        #
trauaile. and swa
seke that thai ware vnmyghty to stande agayn vicys. and at the  #
last
thai ware mekid. for if god help noght. thou may trauayle. bot
ouere may thou noght. for thi.
<P 382>
   [^13.^] In the same chesun. the same sentence that is        #
abouen.
   [^14.^] That is, 
the hardnes and ill custum of syn.
   [^15.^] Whi sall thai shrife.
   [^16.^] That is, he distroyd kyndly couaitys and
suggestions of the deuyl. brasen +gatis. ere synful custums of  #
men.
that suffirs thaim not to pass out that ere closid in thaim.    #
barris
ere fendys that barris the +gatis.
   [^17.^] He vptoke thaim in heght of goed werke. for thaire
vnrightwisnes, that thai wald noght be suget til god. thai ere  #
mekid.
that is, casten down and tourmentid. and thai fand that thai    #
ere
noght withouten god.
   [^18.^] That
is, thaim noyed with godis worde. that is mete of saule. and    #
forthi
thai neghid till +gatis of ded. that is, til defaute of saule.  #
here he
spekis of temptacioun of sleuth, that oft sithe takis him that  #
has
ouercumyn wickidnes and couaitys. swa that sum tyme he has
nother delite to rede ne to pray. bot when thou felis that      #
vice do
as he says.
   [^19.^] Lo in what maner.
   [^20.^] That is, he
<P 383>
gafe thaim comforte and delite in his worde. and swa he toke 
thaim fra corupcioun of thoght. that has na sauoure in swete    #
thynge.
and of this.
   [^21.^] Til whaim god dos all this 
grace.
   [^22.^] Noght in noy & sorow:
for now is he soft to be louyd.
   [^23.^] As whasay, thai sall 
shew his werkis. that descendis fra contemplacioun. in the      #
see. that
is, to suffire for crist stremys of tribulacioun. in shippis,   #
that is,
in vertus that safys thaim fra peryssynge. wirkand in many      #
watirs.
that is, lerand many men the way of life.
   [^24.^] Thai sagh bifor other what god wondirfully werkis
in mannys hertis. for the grund of the warld is hert of man.    #
whethen
wynd of bostus wordis cumys, and makis stormys of contekis and 
of discordis.
   [^25.^] That is, he suffird, and the persecucioun 
of tirauntis or of the deuyl lastid. and the stremys. that is,
cumyngis of tribulacioun. ere waxand. wharefore.
   [^26.^] The tirauntis and ill riche men steghis noght til    #
heuen.
for in lordshipis of the warld thai ere heghid agayns god. and  #
thai
light in till depnes. that is, thai fall in till hell. & in     #
thaire illis faylid
the saule of prelatys. and.
<P 384>
   [^27.^] Druuyd in confusion of wit. and stird in angire.     #
stumbiland as
a drunkyn man. that kan noght hald the right way. In quyet the
prelatis semys wyse men. bot when storme cumys. all thaire witt
and counsaile faylis. and thaire wisdome is all eten. for thai  #
see
noght what thai sall do. than bihoues thaim cry. that god       #
stabill
thaire hert.
   [^28.^] And mare he did. for.
   [^29.^] That is, the persecuciouns he tempird. and
made thaim suffrabil. or all anguys he turnys in til bryghthed  #
of
endles rest. and swa the stremys, that is, all noyes, ere       #
still.
   [^30.^] All men that 
ere here in trauayle and in anguys for godis luf. ere fayn      #
when ded
comys. for than ther wa stillis. and god ledis thaim in hauen   #
of
thaire will. that is, till the bliss of heuen. that thai        #
couaytid in all
thaire will. & of this.
   [^31. NO COMMENTARY^]
   [^32.^] That is. less
men, that ere guuernyd, loue him. and mare men, that guuernys,
loue him.
   [^33.^] That is, proude men that ere heghid of thaire        #
cunynge.
or of thaire vertu. he sett in desert. that is, dry withouten   #
grace.
and withouten froite of charite. and thaim of whaim passid      #
watire
of lare, in gastly threst.
<P 385>
   [^34.^] The erth that gayfe froyte of goed werkis.
he sett in bryne. that is, in baraynhed, that na goednes grow.  #
and
that is for the malice of men that wonys in the erth. that is,  #
ill
princes and ill sugetis.
   [^35.^] That 
is, in synful men that was desert. he made watirs of grace and  #
lare
to stand. & that thai ren fra thaim till other.
   [^36.^] That is. in that grace he sett thaim
that hungird thar eftire. and wild take it gladly. and tha      #
stabild,
bogheand hally til godis comaundments. the cite of wonynge.     #
that
is, haly kyrke, whare is wonynge til we won in heuen.
   [^37.^] This thai do
that purgis thaire hertis. & thaire bodis with the lare of      #
heuen.
that thai bere froyte of goed werkis. and of vertus.
   [^38.^] That is, thorgh his blissynge thai ere multiplyde.   #
in noumbire
and meryt ful mykil. for many ere cald and fa ere cheson. and
thaire bestis. that is, sympil men and profetabile, that ere    #
noght
lerid. bot thai halde trouth and charite. he lessid noght: for  #
god
knawis whilk ere his.
   [^39.^] The goed fa
ere made in likynynge of many ill men. & trauayld thai ere of   #
tribulacioun
of deuyls. and fals brether. and of sorow for thaire synnys
& other mennys.
   [^40.^] This vers
has mare nede of sorowynge than of expownynge. for the folk     #
will
<P 386>
noght halde pes with god. & do his comaundmentis. the wreth of
god is first helte on princys, for thai ere wers than other.    #
and swa
ryses strife and werre itwix landis. and god suffirs all to     #
erre out of
the way of rightwisnes. that ilkan sla other. that is the       #
vengaunce 
of god that maste bifallis for the ill leders of cristen men.
   [^41.^] Aswhasay. the proude ere kastyn fra god in
errours. and the pore man. that is, the meke, that cries ay at  #
godis
+gate. he helpis out of nede of body and saule. and his men+ge  #
sett
as shepe. that is, he kepis thaim in meknes and in vnnoyandnes.
   [^42.^] Reght sall be fayn
that goed men ere heghid thorgh godis mercy. & ill men dampnyd
for thaire pride. and swa all wickidnes, iangland agayns        #
rightwisnes.
sall stope the mouth. as a man that is ouercumen & kan noght    #
say.
   [^43.^] That is, he that is wyse sall kepe
there thyngis. that is. that he be pore and meke, noght riche   #
na
proude. for he vndirstandis that cristis mercy safes of errour  #
and
of ill custum. and of gastly noy. noght the meryt of any man.

[} [\PSALM CVII.\] }]

   ffor my hert is
redy withouten lettynge .i. sall synge in haboundance of gastly
softnes. and .i. sall tharwith do goed werekis, and that in my  #
ioy.
that is, in bihaldynge of ioyful risynge in the day of dome.
   [^2.^] This says the fadire til
the sun, or the sun til his body. thou ert psautery in noblay   #
of 
maners. and harpe in passion. rise fra ded. he answers, .i.     #
sall ryse
in the dagheynge. & than.
<P 387>
   [^3.^] That is, in thaim .i. sall loue the.
   [^4.^] That is, aungels vsys thi
benefycis. and haly men rayns lare til thaire herers.
   [^5.^] That is, shew the heghe abouen all creatures. that
thi derlyngis be delyuerd. of all pyne in the tothere warld     #
and here.
   [^6.^] That is, make thi seruauntis
safe thorgh thi fauour and thi mercy. and here me prayand for
thaim. for god spak in his halighe. that is, in crist.
   [^7.^] Loke the exposicioun
of this fere abouen. 
   [^8.^] ffor all that beris froyte
of charite & goed werkis. crist, that is oure heuyd, resayfes   #
thaim.
and thai resayfe him.
   [^9.^] Juda, that is, crist is my kynge.
and whils he ledis me. moab, that is, ill men, that dos me      #
noy. is
pot of my hope. that is, thai make me to hope fulliere endles   #
life.
for thaire anguysynge of me. 
   [^10.^] Thorgh luf.
   [^11.^] Cite warnyst he callis hell. that
nane myght opyn. In ydumy ere genge til whaim criste made
<P 388>
knawyn his risynge. bot this myght anly be done of the godhede.
forthi says he. 
   [^12.^] We seme put
agayn for we ere despisid in this warlde, and god shewis noght  #
oure
vertus. agayns thaim that settis vs at noght.
   [^13.^] That is. it is passand and vncertayn: bot what sa 
men say of vs or do til vs.
   [^14.^] ffor if thai last in thaire
ill, will thai be damnyd.

[} [\PSALM CVIII.\] }]

   Crist in his manhed prayand til the fadire. says.
God hald noght still my louynge. for verray louynge is of       #
verray
god. and the synful and the tricherous has thaire mouth oppyn   #
til
my reprofe. bot it is noght to trow til thaim: for the          #
blamynge of a
leghere is fals.
   [^2.^] Trecherous tunge thai hade when thai sayd. Maystire   #
we wate
that thou ert sothfast. wordis of hateredyn, when thai cried,   #
do him
on the cross. and this thai did of selfe will. that is,         #
withouten rightwis
chesun. for wickidnes likes til wickidmen. as euenhed dos till  #
goed
men.
   [^3.^] That is, thai sould hafe lufid me
<P 389>
for .i. was godis sun. and thai bakbitid me, sayand. in         #
belzebub he
kastis out fendis. bot .i. prayed for thaim.
   [^4.^] He come to gif thaim life, and tharfor
sett thai ded agayns him.
   [^5.^] ffor iudas sett the deuyls werkis bifor
the werkis of crist. and auarice bifore hele. and ilk man has   #
the
deuyll at his right syde that lufis mare any erthly thynge.     #
than the
wisdome of god. or gastly hele.
   [^6.^] ffor it is noght thorgh crist
whaim he wol not folow. that prayer is nou+gt in crist. that    #
nowther
is made in gode will ne hit askis gode.
   [^7.^] ffor mathye was set in stid of iudas. & his dayes was
few that hyngid him selfe.
   [^8.^] Here hit semes
that iudas had wyfe & barnes. nou+gt onely of iudas may all     #
that is
seyd in this psalme be takyn, bot all cristes enemys. fals      #
iewis &
fals cristen men.
   [^9.^] Dowtand, that is, vncerteyn be thei whither thei      #
shal go, & left
holly withouten help.
   [^10.^] Many folis dos now
as iudas did. he foloyd god. & left til his wife & his barnes   #
his
godes. bot his hert was +git in thaim. and wold not breke the
band of couetyse. so dos som that changes thair abyt.  



<B CELAW1>
<Q E1 STA LAW STAT3>
<N STATUTES III>
<A X>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z STAT>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  STATUTES (III).
THE STATUTES OF THE REALM.
PRINTED BY COMMAND OF HIS MAJESTY
KING GEORGE THE THIRD IN PURSUANCE
OF AN ADDRESS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS 
OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. III.
LONDON: DAWSONS OF PALL MALL, 1963 (1817).
SAMPLE 1:
III, PP. 8.1    - 9.33   (A. D. 1509-10, CH.  14) 
SAMPLE 2:
III, PP. 26.28  - 29.61  (A. D. 1511-12, CHS. 4-7) 
SAMPLE 3:
III, PP. 31.49  - 32.19  (A. D. 1511-12, CH.  11) 
SAMPLE 4:
III, PP. 33.43  - 34.33  (A. D. 1511-12, CH.  15)
SAMPLE 5:
III, PP. 906.1  - 907.57 (A. D. 1542-3,  CHS. 8-9)
SAMPLE 6:
III, PP. 909.48 - 911.14 (A. D. 1542-3,  CH.  12)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P III,8>
[}CHAPTER XIV.}]

[}AN ACT AGAYNST WEARING OF COSTLY APPARRELL.}]

   Forasmuche as the greate and costly array and apparell used  #
wythin this Realme contrary to good Statutes
therof made hathe be the Occasion of grete impov~isshing of     #
divers of the King~ Sugiect~ and p~voked meny of
them to robbe and to doo extorc~on and other unlawfull Dedes    #
to maynteyne therby ther costeley arrey: In eschewyng
wherof, Be it ordeyned by the Auctoritie of this p~sent         #
P~liament that no p~sone of whate estate condic~on or degre
that he be use in his apparell eny Cloth of golde of Purpoure   #
Coloure or Sylke of Purpoure Coloure but onely the
Kyng the Qwene the Kyng~ Moder the Kyng~ Chylder the King~      #
Brethers and Susters, upon payne to forfett the
seid Apparell wherwyth so ev~ yt be myxte, and for usying the   #
same to forfaite xx pounde: And that no man
under the astate of a Duke use in eny apparell of his Body or   #
uppon his Horses eny clothe of gold of tyssue uppon
payne to forfeyt the same apparell wherwyth so ev~ yt be myxte  #
and for usyng the same to forfette xx marke;
and that no man undre the degree of an Erle were in his         #
apparrell any Sables uppon payne to forfeyt the same apparell.
And that no manne undre the degree of a Baron use in his        #
Apparell of his body or of his Horses eny clothe of golde
or clothe of Sylver or tynsyn Satten ne no other Sylke or       #
Clothe myxte or broderd wyth Golde or Sylver uppon
payne of forfeyture of the same apparrell, albeit that yt be    #
myxte wyth eny other Sylke or clothe, and for usyng
of the same to forfett x marke. And that no Ma~ne under the     #
Degree of a Lorde or a Knyght of the Garter were
any Wollen Clothe made oute of this Realme of Englonde          #
Irelonde Wales Cales or the Marches of the same or
Berwyk, upon payne to forfayte the seid Clothe and for usyng    #
of the same to forfayte x pounde. And that no
ma~ne undre the degree of a Knyght of the Carter were in his    #
goune or Cote or eny other hys apparell any Velvett
of the Colour of Crymesyn or blewe uppon payne to forfett the   #
same Gowne or Cote or other apparell and for usyng
of the same to forfett xl Shyllyng~. And that eny of the        #
Usshers of the Kyng~ Chambre for the tyme being that
fyrste sueth his Accion of Detynue for the same apparell have   #
the seid Forefeytours of the seid apparell, and yff
none of the seid Usshers co~mence ther accion therof wythin xv  #
days in the terme nexte after the seid forfeytoure,
then the Kyng~ Chamberleyn for the tyme beyng to have therof    #
hys lyke acc~on. And the Kyng oure Souv~aigne
Lorde and his Heyres to have the one halfe of the seid          #
Forfeytours of the seid money so forfeyted, and the seid
Chamberleyn of the Kyng for the tyme beyng to have the seid     #
other halfe of the money. Provided that yf ther
be eny lyke Forfeyture co~mytted or done by eny of the Qwenys   #
sarvand~ beyng in her Cheker roule that then eny of
the Usshers of her Chambre, and in theyr defaute the Qwenys     #
Chamb~leyn for the tyme beyng have lyke acc~on for
the seid forfeytures as ys aforeseid for the Kyng~ Usshers and  #
his Chamberleyn. And that no manne undre the
degree of a Knyght, excepte Esquyers for the Kyng~ body hys     #
Cuppe berers Carvours and Sewers havyng the ordynarie
Fee for the same and all other Esquyers for the body havyng     #
possession of Landes and Tenement~ or other Hereditament~
in theyr handes or other to ther use to the yerely value of     #
CCC marke and Lordes Sonnes and Heyres, Justices of
the one Benche or of the other, the Maister of the Rolles, and  #
Barons of the Kyng~ Eschequer and all other of the
Kyng~ Councell and Mayres of the Citie of London for the tyme   #
beyng, use or were eny Velvett in theyr gowenes
or Rydyng Cootes or Furres of Martron in theyr apparrell uppon  #
payne to forfette the same Furre and apparell
wherwyth so ever yt be myxte and for usyng of the same to       #
forfett xl Shyllyng~. Nor no p~sone other then
be above named were Velvet in their Dublett~ nor Satten nor     #
Damaske in their gownes nor Cotes, excepte he be a
Lordes Sone or a Gentilman havyng in his possession or other    #
to his use Landes or Tenement~ or annuytyes at the
leste for Terme of Lyffe to the yerely valewe of an hundreth    #
pounde above all repryses, uppon payne to forfeyte
the same apparell wherwyth so ev~ yt be myxte and for usyng of  #
the same to forfett xl Shillyng~. Nor no p~sone use
or were Satten or Damaske in ther Doblett~ nor Sylke or         #
Chamlett in their Gowenes or Cootes nott havyng Landes
or Tenement~ in hys possession or other hys use Office or Fee   #
for terme of Lyffe or Lyff~ to the yerely value of
xx=ti= Pounde, excepte he be a Yoman of the Crowne or of the    #
Kyng~ garde or gromes of the Kyng~ Chambre or of
the Qwenys having therfore the Kyng~ Fee or the Qwenes uppon    #
payne to forfett the same apparell wherwyth
soev~ hyt be myxte, and for usyng of the same to forfett xl     #
Shyllyng~. And that no ma~ne undre the degree of a
Gentilman excepte Graduates of the Univ~sities and excepte      #
Yomen Gromes and pagys of the Kyng~ Chambre and
of oure Souv~aigne Lady the Qwenes, and excepte suche Men as    #
have Landes Ten~t~ or Fees or Anuytyes to the
yerely value of x li. for Terme of Lyffe or an hundrethe        #
pounde in Good~ use or were eny Furres, wherof ther ys no
like kynde growyng in this lande of Englonde Irelonde Wales or  #
in any Lande under the Kyng~ obeysaunce, upon
payne to forfett the same Furres and for usying of the same to  #
forfett xl Shelyngs. The Value of ther Good~ to
be tryed by there owne Othes. And that no ma~ne under the       #
degree of a Knyght excepte sp~uall Me~ne and
Sergeauntes at the Lawe or graduates of Univ~sities use eny     #
more Clothe in eny longe Gowne then foure broyde
yerdes, and in a Rydyng Gowne or Cotte above thre yerdes uppon  #
payne of forfeyture of the same. And that noo
s~vyng ma~ne undre the Degre of a Gentilman use or were eny     #
Goune or Coote or suche lyke apparrell of more
Clothe then too brode yerdes and an halfe in a shorte Gowne     #
and thre brode yerdes in a longe Gowne, and that in
the seid Gowne or Coote they were no mann~ Furre, uppon payne   #
of Forfeyture of the sayd apparrell or the value therof.
And that no s~vyng ma~ne waytyng uppon his Maister under the    #
degree of a Gentilman use or were eny garded Hose
or eny clothe above the pryce of xx d. the yerde in hys Hose    #
except yt be of his Maisters weryng Hose apon payne
of forfeyture of iij s. iiij d. And that no ma~ne undre the     #
degree of a Knyght were any garded or pynshed Sherte or
pynched partelet of Lynnen clothe uppon payne of Forfeyture of  #
the same Sherte or Partelett and for usyng of the
<P III,9>
same to forfeyte x. shillyng~. And that no s~vaunte of          #
Husbondy nor Sheparde nor comen Laborer nor s~v=a=nte wnto
eny Artificer owte of Cytie or borowe nor husbondman havyng no  #
good~ of his owne above the value of x. pounde
use or were any Clothe wherof the broode yerde passythe in      #
pryce twoo shillyng~ nor that eny of the seid s~v=a=nts of
Husbondrye Sheppardes nor Laborers were eny hose above the      #
pryce of x d. the yerde uppon payne of imprisonament
in the Stokkys by thre days. And that he that wyll sue for eny  #
of the seid Forfeytures of the seid apparell
forfeyted by eny p~sone undre the degree of a Lorde or a        #
Knyght of the Garter have the seid apparell so forfeyted by
acc~one of detynue. And the Kyng oure Souv~aigne Lorde to have  #
the oon halfe of the forfeyture of the seid Money
so forfeyted, or the Lord of the Franchysse yf yt be recoverd   #
or p~sented wythin a Fraunches or Lete, and the p~tie that
wyll sue have the other halfe; And the sute to be by acc~on of  #
dette; And that in eny wyse of all the seid Acco~nes
the Defendaunte shalnott wage his Lawe nor by p~tecc~on nor     #
essoyne nor the partie to be barred by the Kyng~
p~done nor be delayde by eny plee to the dissablement of his    #
p~sone. And that the Lorde Stuarde of the Kyng~
House for the tyme beyng wythin the Verge and Justices of       #
Assize and Justices of the Peace, Stewardes in letes or
lawe-days and ev~y of them have also power to inqwere and       #
holde plee of ev~y Defaulte of the p~mysses as well by
examynac~on of the p~tie as after the course of the Co~en       #
Lawe, and to determyn the same aswell at the Kyng~ sute as at
the suet of the p~tie. Provyded alwey that this Acte be nott    #
p~judiciall nor hurtfull to eny sp~uall or temporall
manne in weryng eny Ornament~ of the Churche in executing       #
dyvine s~vyce nor to any m~chaunt~ strayngers.
Provided also that yt shalbe lefull to all Maires Recorders     #
Aldermen Shyreffes and Bailles and all other hede
Officers of Cities or bowrghes or Townes corporatt that nowe    #
be or hereafter shalbe to use & were lyke apparrell
in their Gownes, dublett~, clokes, and other apparrell as ther  #
p~decessours have donne in tymes paste, this Acte
in eny wyse notwythstondyng. Provided also that this acte be    #
nott p~judiciall nor hurtfull to eny Woman or to eny
ambassatures Hencemen Harroldes of armes Mynstrelles Players    #
in enterludes, nor to any ma~ne weryng any apparrell
of the Kyng~ lyverey geven hym by the King, for the tyme beyng  #
of his Attendance aboute the Kyng~ Grace.
Also be it enacted by auctoritie aforeseid that all other       #
Statutes of array made afore the makyng of this p~sent
Statute, and all Penalties or Forfeytures to be levyd or        #
demaunded by reasone of them or eny of them be utterly
voyde repelled and of none effecte and discharged. And that     #
this acte of array made at this present P~liament
begynne to take his effecte at the Feaste of Seynt Michell      #
Tharchaungell next co~myng and nott before, and to
endure unto the nexte Parliament. Provyded also that this acte  #
extend nott to eny p~sone or p~sones usyng eny
manner of apparrell aswell uppon hyme selfe as uppon hys        #
horse, beyng in the Kyngs s~vyce in time of Warre.
Provided alwey that the King~ Grace by this p~sent Acte be      #
nott letted nor restreyned of his lyb~tie but that his
Highnes at hys pleasure by his Plakkarde or his letter or his   #
byll assigned wyth his moste gracious hande may graunte
and gyve Licence and auctoritie to suche of his Sugiect~ as     #
his Grace shall thinke convenyent to were all and
suche singler apparell on his body or his horses as shall       #
stande wyth the pleasure of the Kyng~ Grace, wythoute
damage or forfeyture to hym or them that so doythe of eny       #
apparell or other payne conteyned in this astatute.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P III,26>
[}CHAPTER IV.}]

[}AN ACT OF PRYVILEG~ FOR SUCH P~SONS AS ARE IN THE KING~       #
WARRS.}]

   The Kyng oure Sov~aigne Lorde for dyv~s causes and           #
reasonable consideracions hym movyng by thassent of the
lordes sp~uall and temporall and the Comeyns in this p~sent     #
parliament assembled and by auctorite of the same
hath enacted ordeyned and stablysshed that ev~y p~son of what   #
condicion or degre he be of, beyng or hereaft~ be yn
our seid Sov~aigne Lorde the Kyng~ Wages and s~vice of Warre    #
beyond the see or uppon the see, at his pleasure
have the p~tecc~on of (\p~fectur~\) or (\moratur~ cum clausula  #
volum~\) ; and in the excepcion of the seid p~teccion there be
made omyssion of Assises; and that the seid p~teccions be       #
allowable in all the Kyng~ court~ and other courtes where
the seid p~teccions shalbe pleded or layed for any of the seid  #
p~sons in all pleyse of Assise aswell of novell disseasyn as
of fressheforce without any difficultie; and excepte all way    #
that the seid p~teccions be not alowable in accions of dette
taken or to be taken by oure Sov~aigne Lorde the Kynge or by    #
any p~son to his use or to the use of oure late
Sov~aigne Lorde Kyng Henry the vij=th= or to thuse of his       #
executo=r=s for the p~fourmaunce of his Will nor in any appelle
of murdre or felonye by any p~son or p~sons sued or to be       #
sued. And that a sp~iall clause be exp~ssed in the
same p~teccions for the same. Also be it enacted that the       #
Jugement~ to be geven from hensforth in such Assise
arained or to be arained shall not be p~judiciall to any of     #
the seid p~sons so being in the s~vice of oure Sov~aigne
Lorde the Kyng as is afore seid which have any thyng in         #
rev~sion or remaynder in londys or ten~t~ wherof such
assise be arained if the names of thos p~sons which be in the   #
rev~sion or the remayndre of such londys or ten~t~
be not in the seid Assise, but that the seid Jugement be        #
ayenst all theym voide; the seid ordynance to endure
and be available to ev~y of the seid p~sons as longe as he      #
abideth so in the Kyng~ Wages and s~vice of Warre.
And if this ordynaunce touchyng the seid p~sons so nowe         #
abidyng or that after this shall so abide in the s~vice
of the Kyng~ Highnesse be not sufficient for the eyse and       #
suertie of theym; Be it ordeyned and enacted by the
same auctorite that oure Sovaigne Lorde the Kynge and the       #
Lordes of his Counceill for the tyme being have full
power in all man~ or accions sut~ and p~cesse to graunte to     #
ev~y of such p~sons p~teccions as shalbe in theire causes
avaylable after theire discressions duryng the tyme that they   #
or any of theym contynue in the seid s~vice of Warre.
Provided that this acte be not available to any p~son for any   #
entre syn the first day of this p~sent parliament.
Also be it enacted that if any discent of any landes or ten~t~  #
or any other right or enhereditament~ be to any p~son or p~sons
being within this realme or els where that that discent be of   #
no greater effecte to the damage or hurt of the seid p~sons     #
being
in the Kyng~ s~vice as is afore seid Then if the seid p~sons    #
in the Kyng~ s~vice so being were within the Age of xxj yeres.
Also be it ordeyned by the seid auctorite that all such p~sons  #
as shall passe ov~ the see or bide uppon the see in the
Kynges s~vice as is aforeseid ev~ych of theym which have        #
landes and ten~t~ holden of the Kyng or of any other to theire
only use shall mowe laufully make therof alienacion             #
feoffament~ and t=a=nsmutacion of possession by dede or dedys   #
fyne
or fynes recov~er or recov~ers for the p~fourmaunce of their    #
willys without any fyne for the seid alienacions feoffamentys
fynes recov~es or t=a=nsmutacion of possession therfor to be    #
made; And that they and ev~y of theym theire heires and
assignes and the heires and assignes of ev~y of theym be        #
discharged of all such fynes by the seid Acte without l~res
patentes of licence or p~don or other discharge to be had in    #
that behalfe.
<P III,27>
And furthermore be it also ordeyned and enacted by the seid     #
Auctorite that if any of the seid p~sons so being in the
seid s~vice which hold landes or ten~t~ of the Kyng or of any   #
other by Knyght~ s~vice or otherwise wherfor his heire
oweth to be in Warde, and fortune in the seid s~vice to         #
decesse be yonde the see or uppon the see or that any
feoffament of the same land~ and ten~t~ be supposed to be made  #
by collusion the heire of the owner of the same landes
and ten~t~ beyng within age, That then the feoffees or          #
executours of such p~son so decessed have the warde and mariage
of the heire so being within age and of the landys and ten~t~   #
so holden duryng the nonage of ev~y such heire to the
p~fourmaunce of the Will of the seid p~son so decessed without  #
any accompte or other thyng therfor to be yelden paiyng
yerely the rent~ to the chefe Lorde or Lord~ of the fee:        #
Savyng to ev~y p~son or p~sons other then the seid p~sons
that shall make any such alienacion feoffament fyne or suffer   #
recov~ye to be had ayenst theym without paiyng therfor
any fyne to the Kyng or the Lorde or Lord~ of whom the seid     #
land~ is holden for the same such right title use and
int~est as they had before the seid feoffament alienacion fyne  #
recov~ye or t=a=nsmutacion of possession or any of theym
made or suffred of any such lond~ ten~t~ or hereditament~       #
wherof any such feoffament fyne alienacion or recov~e
so shalbe made. Provyded all wey that this Acte extend not to   #
any Capitens or Souldiours that nowe be or
hereafter shalbe reteyned within the Townes of Caleys Hammes    #
Guysnes Rise banke and Berwyk Wales or any of
theym and the Marches of the same.

[}CHAPTER V.}]

[}AN ACT AGAYNST SUCH CAPTAYNES AS ABRIDG THEIRE SOLDYERS OF    #
THEIRE PAYE.}]

   For asmoche that the Kynge oure sov~aigne Lorde entendeth    #
by the grace of God to send ov~ the see a
greate armye trustyng therby not only to p~serve this his       #
realme in his auncient fame and honoure but also to
set in p~fyte peace and t=a=nquyllite his subgiett~ of the same #
and the better to be disposed to s~ve God; How be it many
tymes by the inordynate covetisenes of Capiteynes reteyned      #
with Princes afore this tyme greate parte of the nombre of
Soudeours for whom such Capiteynes have endented with Princes   #
at tyme of nede have lakked of theire nombre of
Soudiours wherby great Jeop~dy have ensued and irrecup~able     #
damages may ensue if remedy therfor be not seen and had.
Be it ordeyned therfor by auctorite of this p~sent p~liamente   #
That if any Capitayne be reteyned or hereafter shalbe to
s~ve the Kyng on the see or beyond the see in feit of Warr~     #
which have not his or theire hole and p~fite nombre of men
and Souldiours accordyng as he shalbe reteigned with the Kyng   #
or gefe not theym theyre full Wages without abriggement
as he shall receyve of the Kynge for theym, he shall for such   #
defaute forfaite to the Kyng all his goodes and
catalles and theire bodies to prison. And that ev~y Capteigne   #
Petycapteyne and all other havyng under theyme retynue
of Souldeour or Soldeours at the Kyng~ Wag~ shall uppon the     #
payne afore seid pay to the retynue of Souldeour or
Souldeours and ev~y of the same the Wag~ ratably as is allowed  #
unto theym by the Kyng oure Sov~aigne Lorde or the
Tresourer of his Warres without lessyng or withdrawyng of any   #
parte therof. And for as longe tyme as they shall
receyve Wag~ for theym this payment to be made unto the seid    #
retynues and ev~y Souldeour of the same of theire
Capteyns and Petycapteyns all ways within vj daies next and     #
immediatly after that the seid Capteyn Petycapteyn or
other shalhave receyved theire Wag~ of the Kynge or of the      #
Tresourer of his Warres or of theire Lord~ or Maisters.
And if any Souldeour being no Capteyn ymmediatly reteygned      #
with the Kyng which hereaft~ shalbe in Wagys and reteygned
or take any Priste to s~ve the Kyng uppon the see or uppon the  #
lond or beyond the see departe out of the Kyng~ s~vice
without licence of the Kyng~ leuetenaunt there that such        #
departyng be takyn demed and adjuged felonie and that he
so offendyng suffer for the seid offence punyshment and         #
execucion of felonye. And for as much as his offence stretcheth
to the hurte and jeop~die of the Kyng oure Sov~aigne Lorde the  #
Nobles of the realme and of all the comen well therof
that therfor he or they so offendyng not being within orders    #
of holy Church enjoy not the benefice of his clergie.
And that it be ordeigned by the seid auctorite that the         #
Justic~ of the peace of ev~y Shire of Englond where any such
offenders be taken have power to enquyre of the seid offenses   #
and the same to here and det~myne as they do and may
do of felonies trespaces and other offenses exp~ssed in the     #
Kyng~ Com~yssion to theym made as though the seid offenses
were done in the same Shire; And also that the seid dep~tyng    #
of such Souldeours and also theire reteignours if it be
trav~sed be tried in the same Shire where they be for such      #
cause arrested and arrayned. Provided all wey that no Capteyn
be charged by this acte for lak of his nombre reteigned as is   #
abovesaid whos Souldeours shall happe to die or otherwise
departe not in the defaute of the Capteyn, So that the seid     #
Capteyn if he be at londe wages shewe the departyng or
lakkyng of his Souldeour within x daies after the lakkyng of    #
the seid Souldeour unto the Kyng~ Leuetenaunte ther
& to the Tresourer of the Warres; Or if the Capteyne be at the  #
See Wag~ if he shewe the dep~tyng or lakkyng of the
Souldeour so lakkyng to the Admyrall of the Navye where he is   #
reteyned at the next metyng with the seid Admyrall.
Provyded all wey that this acte extend not to any Capteyns or   #
Souldeours that nowe be or hereafter shalbe reteigned
within the townes of Caleys Hammes Guysnes Ryse Banke and       #
Berwyk Walys or any of theym and the Marches of
the same. Provyded all wey that this Acte be not p~judiciall    #
nor hurtfull to the seid Capiteyns Petycaptens nor any
other havyng under theym retynue of Souldeours nor any of       #
theym for non payment of the Kyng~ Wag~ to theire
houshold s~vaunt~ and other to whom they shall daily fynde and  #
geve mete and drynke duryng the seid s~vice of Warre.
<P III,28>
[}CHAPTER VI.}]

[}AN ACT AGAYNST DECEYPTFULL MAKING OF WOLLEN CLOTH.}]

   For the deceitfull drapyng and makyng of wollen clothes      #
made and draped within this Realme, And also for
mesuryng in sale of the same, Our Sov~ayn Lord the Kyng by      #
thadvyse and assent of his Lord~ sp~uell and temp~ell
and the Comons in this p~sent parliament assembled and by       #
auctorite of the same hath ordyned establisshed and enacted
dyv~se ordyn=a=nc~ and statut~ for the trewe makyng and         #
drapyng of suche wollen clothes and for mesuryng in sales the
trewe content of the same in man~ and fo=r=me folowyng; Fyrst   #
That the Wolle whiche shalbe delyv~ed for or by the
Clothier to any p~sone or p~sones for brekyng kembyng cardyng   #
or spy~nyng of the same the delyv~e therof shalbe by
even just and true poise and weight of haberdepois sealid by    #
auctorite not excedyng in weight after the rate of xij
pounde Wolle seymed above oon quart~ of a pound for the waste   #
of the same wolle and in noon other maner; And
that the breker or kember to delyv~ agayn to the seid Clothier  #
the same Woll so broken and kempt and the carder and
Spynner to delyv~ agayn to the same Clothier yerne of the same  #
Woll by the same even just and true poise and weight
the wast thereof excepted without any part therof concealyng    #
or eny more oyle water or other thyng put therunto
deceyvably upon payn to be sett upon the pillorie or the        #
Cukkyngstole Man or Woman as the case shall requyre upon
due prof of suche deceyte afore and by the discrecyon of the    #
Maire Baily or other Hede Officer of Citie Burgh or Town
where the deceyt shall appere, The same Maire Baily or Hede     #
Officer callyng to hym such p~sones as shall seme to hym
convenyent for the prof of suche deceyt. Item that the Wever    #
whiche shall have the wevyng of eny wollen yerne to
be webbed into cloth shall weve werk and put into the webbe     #
for Cloth to be made therof asmoche and all the same
yerne as the Clothier or eny p~sone for hym shall delyv~ to     #
the same Wev~ with his usyd mark put to the same without
changyng or eny p~cell therof levyng out of the same webbe or   #
that restore to the same Clothier the surpluis of the
same yerne if eny be left not put into the same Webbe and       #
without eny more oyle brene moistur dust sonde or other
thyng deceyvably puttyng to or castyng to the same Webbe upon   #
payne to be sett upon the pillorie by prof discrecion
and in man~ as is aforeseyd. Item that no man~ p~sone bye eny   #
coloured Wolle or coloured wollen Yerne of eny Carder
Spynner or Wev~ but onely in open Markett upon payn to be sett  #
upon the pillorie in man~ aforeseyd. Item that the
Walker and Fuller shall truely walke fulle thikke and werke     #
ev~y webbe of wollen yerne whiche he shall have to walke
fulle thikke or werke without eny Flokkes or any other man~     #
deceyt to be usyd in the same and shall not rowe nor
werke any Clothe or Webbe with any Cardes on the right side     #
nor of the wrong side upon payn to be sett upon the
pillory in man~ afore rehersed. Item that the Clothier nor      #
other p~sone whatsoev~ he be after the fest of Midsom~ next
cu~myng shall not put eny cloth to sale which when it shalbe    #
full wette shall shrynke more than oon yerd in all the
lenght and oon quart~ of a yerd in the brede for the more p~t   #
therof; and clothes callyd Narowes or Straites after the
rate, upon payn to forfet for ev~y clothe otherwise put to      #
sale iij s. iiij d. and besyd~ that to deducte of his price for
the same to be rebated to the byer therof asmoche after the     #
rate as the same clothe so otherwise put to sale beyng full
wette shall shrynke more than a yerd of that it was in lenght   #
tyme of the same sale and as it shall beyng wette shall
want of the brede of oon yerd and iij quart~s of a yerd.        #
Item that the byer of Wollen clothes denysen or alyen after the
byeng therof shall not drawe nor cause to be drawen in lenght   #
nor streyn nor do to be streyned in brede the same
clothes nor any of them by teynto=r= or wynche or by eny other  #
meane upon payn of forfature for ev~y of the same
clothes so to be drawen or streyned C s. Provyded alwey that    #
if suche byer of clothes for proof cause soche clothes
to be full wette he may drawe and strayn them for evenyng of    #
them oonly so that excede not oon yerd in length more
than it shalbe when it shalbe full wette. Item that no man~     #
p~sone what degre or condicion so ev~ he be of werk or putt
upon any wollen Clothes any Flokkes or other deceyvable thyng   #
upon payn to forfayt for ev~y cloth so wrought deceyvably
with Flokk~ or other deceyvable thyng xl s; and besyd~ that to  #
be sett upon the pillory in man~ and fo=r=me afore reherced.
Item that no man~ p~sone or p~sones denysen nor alyen shall not #
drawe nor strayn nor do to be drawen or strayned within
this Realme nor any of the p~tyes of beyond the see any Wollen  #
Clothes of the makyng or drapyng within this Realme
in length nor in brede more nor in other man~ than is           #
aforeseyd nor after the seid fest of Midsom~ send or convey nor
cause to be sent or convehed unto eny of the p~ties of beyond   #
the see there to put to sale eny wollen clothes of the
makyng or drapyng of this Realme drawen and strayned in length  #
or brede more than is afore reherced after the rate
of xxiiij yerd~ for a brode cloth upon payn to forfait for      #
ev~y cloth so more drawen and strayned in length and brede
than is afore seid x l~i. Item that no man~ p~sone denysen nor  #
other bye or sell any wollen Clothes by other mesure more
or lesse than after the treue content therof to be moten and    #
mesured by the yerd addyng to ev~y yerd oon enche of the
Rule of the true mesuryng for the content of the same clothes   #
upon payn to forfait for ev~y cloth to the cont=a=ry
mesured C s. Item that ev~y Clothier and other p~sone which     #
shall put or delyv~ to eny p~sone eny Wolle to breke
kembe carde or spynne or yerne to the wevers to webbe or the    #
webbe to the fullers to fulle walke & thikk shall
w=t=out deceyt or male engyne satisfye content and paye to the  #
same breker kember carder spynn~ wever and fuller for
the same their labour and workemanship~ redy money of the       #
kyng~ coyn with out to delyv~ for payment of suche
labour or workemanship~ or eny p~te therof in wares or          #
vitailes upon payn to forfait for ev~y defalt in that he or     #
they
shall delyv~ for suche paiement for suche labour and            #
Workemanship~ eny wares or vitaile x s. Item that the Alnager   #
or
Seler after the seid fest of Midsom~ next co~myng resonably     #
requyred shall put to ev~y Wollen cloth made and draped
within the circuit or p~cint of his office to be sold the       #
Kyng~ Seales of leed and not put to eny suche clothes eny       #
seales
of wexe in any wise upon payne of forfaiture for ev~y cloth     #
sealyd otherwise than with leede iij s. iiij d. The oon moyte
of all the said forfaitures conteyned in all the seid           #
ordyn=a=nc~ made for makyng and drapyng of Wollen clothes and   #
for
the mesuryng therof to be to our Sov~ayn Lord the Kyng and to   #
ev~y p~sone whiche woll and shall sewe by writt bill
or other accion in that behalf agaynst any p~sone doyng to the  #
cont=a=ry of the same ordyn=a=nc~ the other moyte And
that the defendaunt in any plee upon any suche accion be not    #
admitted to wage his lawe nor any p~teccion nor essoyne
for eny suche defend=a=unt~ be allowed in the same. The said    #
Act~ and Ordin=a=nc~ to endure unto the next p~liament.
<P III,29>
And be it furthermore ordeyned and enacted by thadvyse and      #
auctoritie aforesaid that the Kyng our Sov~ayn Lord or eny
other p~sones take not any advantage or p~fuyt of any           #
penalties of forfaitures by an Act made in the p~liament holden #
at
Westm~ the xxiij day of Januare in the first yere of the Reign  #
of Richard the third late in dede and not in right Kyng
of Englond conc~nyng the makyng and drapyng of wollen Clothes   #
geven lymyted or assigned for eny cloth made or
hereafter to be made but oonly accordyng to the seid            #
orden=a=nc~ and statut~ nowe made in this p~sent p~liament, Eny #
acte
statute orden=a=nce or p~vysion to the cont=a=ry hertofore      #
made notwithstondyng. Provyded alwey that this Acte extend
not to Wollen Cloth called Kendalles nor Clothes called         #
Carpenell Whites comonly made for lynyng for hosen.
And p~vyded also that this Acte extend not to Wollen Clothes    #
called Tostok~ made in the Countie of Devonshire
for medelyng Flokk~ with their wolle, So they make the same     #
clothes oonly of Wolle growyng in the Countie of
Devonshire and of noon other Wolle so that they drawe nor       #
streyn the same Clothes more nor in other man~ than
is aforeseid. Provyded also this Acte or eny penaltie or        #
articule therin conteyned extend not ne in any wise be
hurtfull or p~judiciall to any cloth makers for makyng of any   #
Cloth within the Countie of Cornewall but that all Clothmakers
within the same Countie may make cloth and use clothmakyng as   #
they before the makyng of this acte have usyd
and accustomed, this acte or any thyng therin conteyned         #
notwithstondyng. Provyded also that this acte extend not nor
be p~judicyall of or to the maker m~chaunt or byer of eny       #
wollen clothes called Bastard~ made with cremyll Lystes.

[}CHAPTER VII.}]

[}AN ACT AGAYNST CARRYING CLOTHES OVER SEA UNSHORNE.}]

   Where att the Parliament holden att Westm~ the ix=th= day    #
of Novemb~r the thurd Yere of the reign of our late
Sov~aign Lord Kyng Henry the vij=th= whose soule God p~don, it  #
was shewed by Shermen Fullers and other
Artificers that shuld live and opteyn their nedy Sustentacyon   #
by meane of drap~y made and drapyd w=t=in this Realme aswell
thorowoute the same Realme as within the Citie of London, that  #
Whereas in a statute made the vij=th= yere of the Reign of
Kyng Edward the Fourth amonges other it was conteyned that no   #
p~sone denysen nor stranger shuld carye or do to be
caried to any parties beyond the see any Wollen Yarne nor       #
cloth unfulled but the Wollen Yarne to be made in this
Realme shuld be woven in the same; And also all cloth within    #
the same made shuld be fulled and fully wrought within
the same before that any of the same shuld be had or caried     #
out of this Realme upon payn of forfaiture of the very
value of suche yerne not woven and cloth not fullyd had or      #
caried out of this Realme, the oon half of the same forfaiture
to be levyed to the use of the Kyng, and the other half of      #
that to hym or them that shuld espye or make p~ve of any
suche Yarne not woven or cloth not fullyd caried to any place   #
beyond the See. And for as moche as in the seid
statute of Kyng Edward there is noon exp~sse mencyon made that  #
the seid Clothes shuld be rowed and shorne before that
they be caryed and conveyhed out of this Realme, wherby the     #
seid power comons of the Craftes aforeseid myght be sett
in labour and occupacion Therfore the said Clothes then were    #
and yet been in grete nombre and plente caried and
conveied oute of this realme unrowed and unshorn into the       #
p~ties of the beyond the see as well by denysens as by          #
strangers
wherby outlandishe nacyons with the same drap~y been sett to    #
labo=r= and occupacyon to their grete enrichyng, and the
pouer Comons of the craftes aforsaid thorough all this Realme   #
which of naturall reason as the Kyng~ true ligemen shuld
have and opteyn their nedy sustentacion and lyvyng by meanes    #
of the same drap~ey for lack of such occupacion daily fall
in grete nu~bre into Indilnes and pov~tie to their utt~most     #
distruccyon if it shuld then any lenger contynue; Whereupon
our said Sov~aygn Lord Kyng Henry the vij=th= by the advyse of  #
the Lord~ sp~uall and temp~all and at the praiers of the
Comons in his said p~liament assembled and by auctoritie of     #
the same ordeyned establisshed and enacted That noo
stranger nor denysen shuld carye or make to be caried out of    #
this Realme any wollen clothes but that they before be
barbyd rowed and shorn within the same Realme for the releif    #
and settyng aworke of the seid pouer Comons of the
craftes aforeseid upon payn of the forfaiture lymyted in the    #
said Statute of Kyng Edward made upon cloth caried out
of this Realme not fullid to be devyded in man~ and fo=r=me as  #
in the same statut~ conteyned, So that Clothes called Vesses
Rayes Saillyng Clothes and all other Clothes com~only sold at   #
xl s. or under be not comprysed in the said Acte made
the seid third yere of the reign of our said late Sov~aign      #
Lord Kyng Henry the vij=th= as by the same actes more playnly
apperyth: And for lack of due execucyon of the seid act~        #
litell effect or p~fett hath folowed or growen of the same to   #
the
seid pouer crafty men beyng naturall Subgett~ which for lack    #
of worke and occupacion daily fall in Idilnesse and pov~tye:
Be it therfor ordeyned establisshed and enacted by the Kyng     #
our Sov~aign Lord and the Lord~ sp~uall and temp~all and
the comons in this p~sent p~liament assembled and by auctoritie #
of the same that the seid act~ and orden=a=nc~ may stand
and contynue in there full strenght and v~tue. And that they    #
from hensforth been duely put in execucion accordyng to
the teno=r= p=r=porte and effect of the same and of either of   #
them; And that ev~y p~sone that will sue for the same           #
forfaitures
be admitted to his accion of dett by bill or informacion in     #
any of the Kyng~ Court~ of Record where the same may be
det~myned after the Cours of the co~en lawe; And that the       #
Defendant in such behalf in noo wise be admitted to wage
his Lawe nor that any p~teccion or essoyne be in the same       #
alowable. Nev~thelesse for that the drapyng and makyng of
suche clothes callid Vesses Rayes Saillyng Clothes and other    #
Clothes which tyme of makyng of the Statute of Kyng
Henry the vij=th= were co~monly solde at xl s. or under the     #
maker therof and Clothier of tymes passyd and nowe is and
herafter is like to be at gretter charge aboute the drapyng     #
and makyng of the same and also of all other clothes for
that Wolle is of ferr gretter price, and also the Cost~ and     #
Charg~ for the workemanship of such Clothes is ferr more
chargeable than it were tyme of makyng of the seid estatute;    #
Be it therfore p~vyded by the auctoritie aforeseid that
Clothes called Vesses Rayes Saillyng Clothes and other Clothes  #
nowe co~monly sold at iiij Mark~ or under be not
comprised in this or any of the seid Act~ but may be caried and #
conveyed oute of this Realme into the p~ties of beyond
the See not barbed rowed nor shorn, this or any of the seid     #
Actes notwithstondyng.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P III,31>
[}CHAPTER XI.}]

[}AN ACT CONCERNING PHESICIONS & SURGEONS.}]

   Forasmoche as the science and connyng of Physyke and         #
Surg~ie to the p~fecte knowlege wherof bee requisite
bothe grete lernyng and ripe exp~ience ys daily within this     #
Royalme exc~cised by a grete multitude of ignoraunt
p~sones of whom the grete partie have no man~ of insight in     #
the same nor in any other kynde of lernyng some also can
no l~res on the boke soofarfurth that co~mon Artific~s as       #
Smythes Wevers and Women boldely and custumably take upon
theim grete curis and thyngys of great difficultie In the       #
which they partely use socery and which crafte partely applie
<P III,32>
such medicyne unto the disease as be verey noyous and nothyng   #
metely therfore to the high despleasoure of God
great infamye to the faculties and the grevous hurte damage     #
and distruccion of many of the Kyng~ liege people most sp~ally
of them that cannot descerne the uncu~nyng from the cunnyng;    #
Be it therfore to the suertie and comfort of all man~
people by the auctoritie of thys p~sent parliament enacted      #
that noo p~son within the Citie of London nor within vij myles
of the same take upon hym to exc~cise and occupie as a          #
Phisicion or Surgion except he be first examined approved and
admitted by the Bisshop~ of London or by the Dean of Poules     #
for the tyme beyng callyng to hym or them iiij Doctours
of Phisyk and for Surg~ie other exp~t p~sones in that facultie  #
And for the first examynacion such as they shall thynk
convenient; And aft~ward alway iiij of them that have been soo  #
approved upon the payn of forfeytour for ev~y moneth
that they doo occupie as Phisicions or Surgeons not admitted    #
nor examined after the tenour of thys Acte of v li to be
employed the oon half therof to thuse of our Sov~aign Lord the  #
Kyng and the other half therof to any p~son that wyll
sue for it by accion of dette in which no Wageour of Lawe nor   #
p~teccion shalbe allowed. And ov~ thys that noo p~son
out of the seid Citie and p~cincte of vij myles of the same     #
except he have been as is seid before approved in the same
take upon hym to ex~cise and occupie as a Phisicion or Surgeon  #
in any Diocesse within thys Royalme but if he be
first examined and approved by the Bisshop of the same          #
Diocesse or he beyng out of the Diocesse by hys Vicar gen~all
either of them callyng to them such expert p~sons in the seid   #
faculties as there discrecion shall thynk  convenyent and
gyffyng ther lett~s testimonials under ther sealle to hym that  #
they shall soo approve upon like payn to them that
occupie the cont=a=rie to thys acte as is above seid to be      #
levyed and employd after the fourme before exp~ssed Provided
alway that thys acte nor any thyng therin conteyned be          #
p~judiciall to the Univ~sities of Oxford and Cantebrigge or
either of them or to any privilegys g=a=unted to them.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P III,33>
[}CHAPTER XV.}]

[}AN ACT CONCERNING HATT~ AND CAPP~.}]

   Where by the workers and makers of Cappes and Hattes within  #
this Realme of England have dailly occupied
and sett on work in making of cappes and hattes of the Kyng~    #
naturall Subjectis that is to sey Men Women
Maydens and Childern borne wythin this Realme of England to     #
the great relief and comfort of poore Prisoners
within this Realme to the nombre of thre score thowsand         #
persones and above in carding spynnyng stitchyng knyttyng
thikkyng dressyng dyeng sheryng and pressyng wyth other c~ten   #
feates conc~nyng the workyng and makyng of cappes
and hattes made and wrought wythin the Citie of London and in   #
dyv~se and many other Cities Boroughes and Townes
within this Realme wherby the King~ Subject~ here naturally     #
borne have had their poore lyving tyme out of mynde,
Till of late yeres past that so great haboundaunce of cappes    #
and hattes redy wrought and made have been and daily be
brought from the p~ties of beyond the See into this Realme,     #
and here have been and daylly bee uttred and sold to the
great p~fite occupieng encreace and relyef of Straungiers of    #
other Realmes which had and have the workyng and makyng
of the same cappes and hattes, and to the great Idelnesse       #
enpov~ysshyng and utter undoing of great multitude of the
Kyngis naturall subjectis borne wythin this said Realme; By     #
reason wherof the Kyng~ Subject~ borne wythin this
<P III,34>
Realme have not their poore leving nor be not occupied nor      #
sett on worke in making of cappes and hattes as they were
wont to be; By occasyon wherof they fall to Idelnesse & other   #
inco~venie~t~ to beggyn~ & manyfold syknes to the great
impov~ysshment of the co~mons of this Realme; In consideracion  #
of the p~misses be yt ordeigned enacted and establysshed
by the Kyng our Souv~aigne Lord the Lord~ sp~uall and           #
temporall and the Co~mons in this p~sent p~liament
assembled and by the auctorite of the same, that from the       #
furst day of May next co~myng ther be no cappes nor
hatt~ made and redy wrought in any partie beyond the See        #
bought by any of the Kinges Subject~ borne undre
the Kingis obbeysaunce except Lordes or Knyght~ uppon peyne of  #
Forfeiture for ev~y suche cappe or hatte so by theym
or any of theim bought xl s. the oon moyte of the same          #
forfeyture to be to the King our Sov~aigne Lord, and
thother moyte to hym or theym that wyll sue for the same by     #
accion of dett or otherwise; In whiche acco~n the
p~tie defendaunt shalnot be admytted to wage his Lawe nor       #
p~tecc~on nor essoyne to be allowed in the same accion.
Ferthermore be it enacted by the said auctorite that no Capper  #
nor Hatter nor other p~sone selle nor putt to sale any cappe
or hatte that shalbe made within this Realme after the Fest of  #
Midsom~ next co~myng but that it be sufficiently wrought and
of a sufficient colour in ev~y point after the goodnesse and    #
fynesse of the woll wherof they shalbe made uppon peyne of
forfeyture of ev~y cappe or hatte so sold vj s. viij d. And     #
that the Capper nor none other p~sone shalnot take by hym self  #
or
any other p~sone to his use for any Cappe made of the fynest    #
Leemynster woll above iij s. iiij d.; Nor for any Cappe made
of the seconde sorte of the same Leemynster wolle above ij s.   #
vj d. nor for any cappe made of the third sort of Leemynster
wolle above xx d. nor for any cappe made of the fourth sorte    #
of the same Leemynster wolle above xij d.; And that no
Capper Hatter nor any other p~sone shall not take by hymself    #
or any other p~sone to his use for any Cappe made of the fynest
Cotteswold woll above ij s.; Nor for any cappe made of the      #
seconde sorte of the same Cotteswold woll above xvj d.
And that all other cappes and hattes of other woll to be sold   #
at suche price as the bier and seller may resounably agree.
The cappe made of the seid fynest Leemynster woll to be marked  #
in the lynyng of the same cappe with a l~re L.; The
cappe made of the seconde sorte of the same Leemynster woll to  #
be marked with this mark Lr; The cappe made of the
fynest Cotteswold woll to be marked with a l~re C. in the       #
lynyng therof; And the seconde cappe of the seconde sorte of
Cotteswold woll to be marked wyth this marke Cr.; And the       #
Hatter Capper nor other p~sone by hym self nor any other
p~sone to his use shall take of any of the Kyng~ Subject~ for   #
any hatte of the best makyng not engreyned more than ij s.;
And yf any Capper Hatter or other p~sone take more money for    #
any cappe or hatte contrary to this acte, he to forfayte
for ev~y cappe and hatte for which he shall take mor than is    #
aforerehersed xl. s. The moite therof to be to the Kyng
our Sov~aigne Lord, and the other moite to the p~tie grevid or  #
any other p~sone that woll sue accion for the same
forfaiture by Writt Byll or Pleynte at the Co~en Lawe or after  #
custome of Citie or Towne wher it shall fortune suche
forfaiture to bee by like p~cesse as is used in accions of      #
Debt in Court where it shalbe pursued. And that the Defendaunt
in that behalf be not admytted to wage his Lawe nor that any    #
p~teccion or essoyne be to hym allowed. And that
all and singuler Estatutes hertofore made conc~nyng hattes or   #
cappes be fromhensforth repelled and adnulled by vertue
of this p~sent parliament.

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P III,906>
[}CHAPTER VIII.}]

[}AN ACTE THAT PERSONES BEING NO CO~EN SURGEONS MAIE MYNISTRE   #
MEDICINES OWTWARDE.}]

   Where in the parliament holden at Westm~ in the thirde yere  #
of the King~ moste gracious reigne, amongest
other thinges for the advoyding of sorceryes witchecrafte and   #
other inconveniences, it was enacted, that no p~sone
within the Citie of London, nor within seven myles of the       #
same, shoulde take upon him to exercyse and occupie as
Phisician or Surgeon, except he be first examyned approved and  #
admytted by the Bisshopp of London and other, undre
and upon certaine peynes and penalties in the same Acte         #
mencioned; Sithens the making of whiche saide Acte the
Companie and Felowship of Surgeons of London, mynding oonelie   #
theyre owne lucres, and nothing the profite or ease
of the diseased or patient, have sued troubled and vexed        #
divers honest p~sones aswell men as woomen, whome God
hathe endued with the knowledge of the nature kinde and         #
operac~on of certeyne herbes rotes and waters, and the using
and mynistering of them to suche as been pained with            #
customable diseases, as Womens brestes being sore, a Pyn and
the Web in the eye, uncoomes of hand~ scalding~ burning~ sore   #
mouthes the stone strangurye saucelin and morfew,
and suche other lyke diseases, and yet the saide p~sones have   #
not takin any thing for theyre peynes and cooninng, but
have mynistred the same to the poore people oonelie for         #
neighbourhode and Goddes sake and of pitie and charytie;
and it is nowe well knowen that the surgeons admytted wooll     #
doo no cure to any p~sone, but where they shall knowe to
be rewarded with a greater soome or rewarde than the cure       #
extendeth unto, for in cace they wolde mynistre theyre
coonning to sore people unrewarded, there shoulde not so manye  #
rotte and perishe to deathe for lacke of helpe of
Surgerye as dailie doo, but the greatest parte of Surgeons      #
admytted been muche more to be blamed than those p~sones
that they trouble, for althonghe the most parte of the p~sones  #
of the saide crafte of Surgeons have small cooning, yet
they wooll take greate soomes of money and doo litle therfore,  #
and by reasone therof they doo often tymes impaire and
hurte theyre patient~ rather thenne doo them good: (^In         #
considerac~on^) wherof and for the ease comforte socour helpe
relief and healthe of the King~ poore Subject~ inhabytaunt~ of  #
this his Realme, nowe peyned or diseased, or that
hereafter shalbe peyned or diseased, Be it ordeyned             #
establisshed and enacted by thauctorytie of this p~nt           #
parliament,
that at all tymes from hensforthe, it shalbe lefull to everye   #
p~sone being the King~ Subject having knowledge and
experience of the nature of herbes rotes and waters or of the   #
operac~on of the same by speculac~on or practyse, within
any parte of the Realme of Englande, or within any other the    #
King~ Domynions, to practyse use and mynistre in and to
any outwarde sore uncoom wounde appostemac~ons outwarde         #
swelling or disease, any herbe or herbes oyntement~
bathes pultes and emplasters, according to theyre cooning       #
experience and knowlege in any of the diseases sores and
maladies aforesaide and all other lyke to the same, or drinkes  #
for the stone strangurye or agues, without sute vexac~on
trouble penaltie or losse of theyre good~. The foresaide        #
Statute in the foresaide thirde yere of the King~ most gracious
reigne, or any other Acte ordin=a=nce or statute to the         #
contrarye hereof heretofore made in any wise notwithstanding.

[}CHAPTER IX.}]

[}AN ACTE FOR THE PRESERVAC~ON OF THE RYVER OF SEVERNE.}]

   Where divers persones aswell inhabytauntes fermers and       #
dwellers nere unto the streme of Severne and unto
the crykes and pilles of the same, from Kingrode upwarde        #
towarde the Citie and Towne of Gloucestre,
conveyeth and carieth graine and corne out of the Realme of     #
Englande, unto the parties beyonde the Sea, where graines
are verye deare, and nowe of late tyme have made picard~ and    #
other greate botes with fore mastes of the burden of
xv toon and so to xxxvj toonne, and by reasone wherof wheate    #
rye beanes barley malte and other kynde of graines, by
stealthe are conveyed into the utter parties beyonde the Sea,   #
so that therby the King~ Majestie is not oonelie deceyved
of his subsidie and custome for the same, but it causeth at     #
suche tymes wheate graine and other kynde of corne as is
aforesaide to be at hiegh prices, and by the same meanes,       #
thinhabytaunt~ within the saide Citie or Towne of Bristoll,
are often and sundrye tymes destitute and skant maie have       #
graine or corne to serve the King~ obedient Subject~ there
dwelling and inhabyting; and allso by reasone of having of the  #
saide greate botes and vessells, often tymes divers
Shipps, aswell of the parties beyonde the Sea as other of       #
Englishe Shipps lying in Kingrode and Hungrode, being
port~ or havens of the Citie or Towne of Bristoll aforesaide    #
distaunte fyve myles or therabout from the saide towne of
Bristoll, awayting and tarying there the cooming of the saide   #
greate botes with corne and graine downe Severne, who
there dischardgeth the graine and corne aborde the saide        #
Shipps at Kingrode, by reason wherof the saide Shipps and
other Vessels there tarying for the receipte of the saide       #
graine and corne, doo then cast out theyre balast of Stones
and other robull of balast of theyre saide Shipps and           #
Vessells, into the saide rodes and havens of Hungrode and
Kingrode, and there lodith the saide graine and corne in the    #
Shipps and Vessells, to the greate distrucc~on, and in
contynuaunce to thuttre undoing of the saide rodes and havens;  #
so that the mouthe and hole channel of the saide havens
is so heaped and quarred with Stones robull of balastes of the  #
Shippes and Botes there arryving, that greate Shipps
whiche useth the course of merchaundyse to the saide towne of   #
Bristoll from the partes beyonde the Sea and fro the
saide towne laden with merchaundyse unto the utter parties,     #
maie scantlye or savelye coome unto the Kinges saide portes
and towne of Bristoll and the ryver of the same, and so from    #
the saide porte and towne of Bristoll unto the saide
Severne, without greate daunger and p~ill, and by that meanes   #
Shippes of greate bourden are lyke to be distroyed and
utterlye to be caste awaie, and if redresse be not the so~ner   #
had therein it wilbe to the uttre distrucc~on of the haven and
porte of the saide towne of Bristoll, whiche saide towne of     #
Bristoll is chieflie mainteyned by course of merchaundyse:
<P III,907>
Wherfore it maie please the Kinges Majestie the Lordes sp~uall  #
and temporall and the Co~mons in this p~nt parliament
assembled and by auctorytie of the same, to enacte make and     #
ordeyne, that after the laste daie of Julye next cooming,
no maister or maisters owner or owners of Shipp or Shipps or    #
of any other Bote or Vessell, or any other p~sone or
p~sones, do caste or unlode theyre balaste or robull at or in   #
the saide rode called Kingrode and Hungrode, nor in any
of them, ne in any other place from the rode of Kingrode unto   #
the towne of Bristoll, nor in no parte of the haven therof
but on the lande oonelie above the full Sea merke; upon peyne   #
that everye suche owner maister of Shipp or of other
Bote or Vessell and of everye other p~sone or p~sones casting   #
and laying theyre balast or robull in the streme at the place
or in the ryver aforesaide, to forfaite at everye tyme so       #
offending foure poundes, the oone haulfe therof to be to our
Soveraigne Lorde the King, and thother haulfe therof to the     #
partie that will sue for the same in any of the Kinges Courtes
of Recorde, aswell within Courtes of Recorde within Cities and  #
Townes Corporate before the Mayre Aldermen Shirieff~
and Bailief~ according to theyre corporac~on, as elswhere in    #
any of the King~ Court~ of Recorde, by Bill plainte acc~on of
debte informac~on or otherwyse; in the whiche action the        #
defendaunte shall not wage his lawe, neyther yet no protecco~n
or essoine to be allowed.

   And further that it maie be enacted by thauctorytie          #
aforesaide, that no p~sone or p~sones from hensforthe shall
enbote or lade or cause to be enboted or laden, any Wheate      #
Malte Beanes or any other kinde of Graine or Corne
whatsoever it shalbe, in any picarde bote or other Vessell at   #
any creke pille banke or elswhere upon the Severne streme
betwene the Keye of the Citie of Gloucestre, and the saide      #
Citie or Towne of Bristoll by Water of Severne, to thintent
to be transported into the utter parties beyonde the Sea out    #
of the King~ Domynion, before the saide Owner or lader
of the saide picarde bote or other Vessell, hathe been with     #
the King~ Customers of the saide Porte and Towne of
Bristoll aforesaide, and there by himself and oone sufficient   #
suertie with him bounden unto the King~ Customers of
the saide Porte and Towne of Bristoll aforesaide, in suche      #
reasonable soomes of Money to thuse of our saide Soveraigne
Lorde the King as shall amounte to the double value of the      #
saide Graine or Corne there to be laden or to be enboted;
upon condico~n that the saide Owner or Maister of the saide     #
picarde or bote or other Vessell, shall not repaire nor         #
transporte
the saide Corne or Graine nor no parte therof into any utter    #
parties beyonde the Sea out of the King~ Domynion, before
the saide Maister owner therof shall coome and bring the saide  #
Graine and Corne unto the keye of the saide Towne
of Bristoll, and there to be viewed or sene the content~        #
therof, and the content~ therof to be declared unto the King~
Customers and to the Maire of the saide Towne for the tyme      #
being, if there be any suche lisence or lawfull cause for
to convey or transporte Graine or Corne into the parties        #
beyond the Sea out of the saide Kinges Domynion, there to
be measured and mette by the common measure of the saide        #
Towne: And after the saide obligac~on withe condic~on so
made sealed and delivered unto the saide customer, thenne the   #
saide customer shall delivre a sufficient cocket unto the
partye owner or owners or Maister so bounden to convey the      #
saide Graine or Corne unto the Keye of Bristoll, upon
paine that everye picarde bote or other Vessell so laden with   #
Graine or other kind of Corne, to be caryed or transported
into the utter parties of beyonde the Sea out of the King~      #
Domynion, to be forfaicted aswell the saide Corne and
Graine so laded, as the saide bote so laden contrarye unto      #
this p~nt acte, wherof the King our Soveraigne Lorde to have
three part~ therof, and the partie that will sue for the same   #
the fourthe parte, before the King~ moste honorable
Counsaill according to the Kinges Proclamac~on in that behaulf  #
made and p~vided.

   And further be it enacted by auctorytie aforesaide, that if  #
it shall appeare upon the measuring therof, unto the
Maire of the saide Towne of Bristoll and to the King~           #
Customers then for the tyme being, that there is more Corne
or graine loded to be transported into the parties beyonde the  #
Sea within any of the saide Vessells botes pyckardes
or trowes over and above foure quarters, than it shalbe lefull  #
unto the saide maire and customers there for the
tyme being, to cause the owner or conveyer therof unto the      #
saide towne of Bristoll, to make sale of suche corne and
graine as shalbe brought over and above the content~ of the     #
saide cocket or lycence, and over and above foure Quarters
besyde the cocket or lycence, according as the pryces of suche  #
graine and corne are co~monlie woorthe and solde in the
open market of the saide towne of Bristoll: The saide common    #
meater to have for the measuring of everye waie of
corne twoo pence; on peyne of everye p~son being owner of the   #
saide graine or corne or having the chardge of the
same denyeng the measuring of the saide graine at the saide     #
Key of Bristoll to lose and forfaicte for everye tyme so
denyeng fyve pounde, the oone haulf therof to be to our saide   #
Soveraigne Lorde the King, and thother haulf therof to be
to the partie that will sue for the same in any Courte of       #
Recorde, by action of debte informac~on or otherwyse; in the
whiche action the defendaunte shall not wage his lawe nor       #
protecc~on nor essoine allowed.

   And be it allso enacted by auctorytie abovesaide, that no    #
p~sone or p~sones, after the firste daie of Auguste next
cooming, doo caste or unlade out of any maner of Ship crayer    #
or any other Vessell, being within any Haven rode
chanell or ryver flowing or rooning to any Porte Towne or to    #
any Citie boroughe or towne within this Realme or
any other the King~ Domynions, any maner of Balaste rubbishe    #
gravell or any other wracke of filthe, but oonelie upon
the Lande above the full Sea Marke, upon peyne that everye      #
p~sone and p~sones offending this Acte, to lose and forfaicte
for everye tyme so offending fyve poundes, the oone haulf to    #
the King our Soveraigne Lorde and thother haulf therof
to suche p~sone and p~sones as will sue for the same by Bill    #
plainte originall writ or informac~on, in any the King~ Court~
of Recorde in whiche Acc~on or Sute no Wager of Lawe shalbe     #
admitted nor any Essoine or Protecc~on allowed.

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P III,909>
[}CHAPTER XII.}]

[}AN ACTE FOR THE PAVING OF CERTAIN LANES AND STRETES IN        #
LONDON AND WESTM~.}]

   Forasmuche as the Streate called Whyte Crosse Strete and     #
the Streate called Cheswell Streate leading frome
Whyte Crosse Streate unto the Hieghe waie leading to Moregate,  #
the Lane called Golding Lane and the Streate
called Grub Streate in the Parishe of Saincte Gyles without     #
Crepulgate, the Streate called Goswell Streate in the Parishe
of Saincte Botulphes without Aldersgate, the Lane called Long   #
Lane being in the Parishe of Saincte Botulphe without
Aldersgate, and Saincte Sepulchres without Newgate, the         #
Streate called Saincte Johns Strete leading from the Barres of
Smithfelde up to the Ponde at the Corner of the Wall extending  #
along the Hieghe waie leading to Islington, and allso
the Streate from the saide Barres to Cowcrosse, the lane        #
called Water Lane in Fletestrete in the Parishe of Saincte
<P III,910>
Byyde and Saincte Dunstone leading downe to Thames, the waie    #
leading without Temple Barres Westwarde, by and
to Clement~ Inne Gates, and Newe Inne Gates, to Drewrye Place   #
in the Countie of Midd~, and allso oone litle Lane
streatching from the saide waie to the Signe of the Bell at     #
Drewrye Lane ende, and the Common hiegh waie leading
throughe a certaine Place called Petye Fraunce, from the        #
Barres of the Weste ende of Totehill Streate of Westm~ in the
Countie of Midd~ unto the uthremoste Parte of the West ende of  #
the saide Place called Petie Fraunce; the Streate or
hieghe waie leading from Bisshopps Gate to and above            #
Shortdiche Churche, and the Bridge called Stronde Bridge, and
the waie leading from the same Bridge towardes Temple Barre,    #
and the waie called Foskewe Lane from the garden and
tenement of the Bisshopp of Lichefelde and the gardens and      #
tenement~ called the Bell and Proctoures downe to Stronde
Bridge, be verye foule and full of Pyttes and Sloughes, verye   #
p~illous and noyous aswell for all the King~ Subject~
thorowe and by them repayring and passing aswell on Horsebacke  #
as on Fote, as allso with Carriace, and verye necessarye
to be kepte cleane for the advoyding of corrupte Savoures and   #
occasion of Pestilence: For the amendement and
reformac~on wherof it maie please the Kinges Hieghnes with      #
thassent of the Lord~ sp~uall and temporall and of his
Commons in this his hieghe Courte of Parliament assembled and   #
by auctorytie of the same, that it maie be ordeyned
establisshed and enacted that all and everye p~sone and         #
p~sones bodies politicque and corporate, whiche now have or at  #
any
tyme herafter shall have, any Land~ tenement~ or other          #
hereditament~ in Fee Simple Fee Tayle for terme of Lief for
terme of Yeres or by reasone of the Wardeship of any heyre      #
during the Nonage of the same heyre, or by execuc~on
by Writ of Elegit, or for any Estatute estaple, lyeng and       #
being adjoining to the forsaide Streates lanes and waies or any
of them, shall on this syde the Feaste of Saincte Michaell      #
tharchaungell whiche shalbe in the Yere of our Lorde God
a thousande fyve hundred and foure and fourtie, well and        #
sufficientlye pave or cause to be paved with good paving
Stones all and everye parte of the saide Streates lanes and     #
other the Premisses before expressed, everye Man suche
parte and quantitie of the same Lanes streates and waies unto   #
the middes of them and everye of them in lengthe and
bredthe, as his or theyre Landes and tenement~ doo lye or       #
extende; in lyke maner and forme as the Streates and Lanes
within the Citie of London be paved, with Causeys or Cannells   #
in the middes of the same Stretes lanes and waies as
shalbe thought moste necessarye and convenient; upon peyne      #
everye p~sone in his owne defaute to forfaicte for everye
Yarde square of the same Streates lanes and waies and everye    #
of them not sufficientlie paved before the feaste of
Saincte Michaell, twelve pence: And that and everye suche       #
p~sones, having or whiche hereafter shall have, Land~ or
Tenement~ in Fee Simple Fee Tayle or for tearme of Lief or      #
otherwyse as is aforesaide, adjoyning or lying to and next
eyther syde of the same Streates lanes and waies or any of      #
them theyre Heyres assignes or successoures, after and frome
the saide feaste of Saincte Michaell, shall yerelie repaire     #
and mainteyne the same Pavement~ and everye of them over
againste his saide Land~ and Tenement~ well and sufficientlye   #
from tyme to tyme as often and whan as neade shall
reaquire at all tymes hereafter with paving Stone, upon peyne   #
to forfaicte for everye Yarde square not sufficientlye
paved twelve pence, as often as any suche defaute of any        #
p~sone shalbe p~nted before the Justices of Peace within the
saide Countie of Midd~, for that parte of the saide Streates    #
lanes and waies being within the said Countie of Midd~
and before the Mayre and the Aldremen or Justices of Peace      #
within the Citie of London for that whiche is within
the Liberties of the saide Citie.

   And be it enacted by thauctorytie aforesaide, that the       #
saide Justices of Peace within the saide Countie of Midd~ for   #
the
tyme being, shall have full power and auctorytie to enquire in  #
everye Quarter Sessions to be kepte after the saide
feaste of Saincte Michaell by the othes of twelve men of the    #
saide Countie, aswell of them that have not paved suche
parte or porc~on of the saide Streates lanes waies and everye   #
of them being within the saide Countie over againste and
along unto the myddes of the same Streates lanes and waies as   #
theyre Land~ and Tenement~ doo lye or extende, as allso
of suche p~sones as have been remysse and negligent in          #
amending and repayring of the same Stretes lanes and waies      #
frome
tyme to tyme as neade shall require according to the meaning    #
of this Acte.

   And be it allso enacted by thauctorytie aforesaide, that     #
the Justices of Peace within the saide Countie of Midd~ for the
tyme being within theyre Jurisdicc~on, shall have full power    #
and auctorytie by theyre discreac~ons to amerce and set
fynes upon suche p~sones as shalbe remisse negligent or make    #
defaute in the obs~ving of the tenour of this Acte;
And if the saide Justices of Peace within the saide Countie of  #
Midd~ or the Maire and Aldremen and Justices of Peace
of the saide Citie of London, at any theyre Quarter Sessions    #
after the saide feaste of Sainte Michaell to be holden and
kepte within the saide Countie of Midd~, by the Justices of     #
Peace of the same Countie, or the Maire Aldremen and
Justices of Peace of the saide Citie of London at any theyre    #
Quarter Sessions or Enquestes of Wardencie kepte within the
saide Citie of London, be negligent and remisse on theyre       #
parties to chardge by the othe of twelve men suche p~sones to
fynde and present the saide Defaultes and Negligences of all    #
p~sones offending contrarie to the meaning of this
Acte, thenne the saide Justices of Peace within the saide       #
Countie of Midd~ being p~nt at the same Quarter Sessions,
to lose and forfaicte for everye tyme so neglecting the same    #
Charge, an hundred Shilling~; And in lykewyse
the Maire Aldremen and Justices of Peaxe of London, to lose     #
and forfaicte for everye lyke defaulte and neglecting
an hundred Shilling~.

   And be it further enacted by the saide auctorytie, that the  #
Clercke of peax of the saide Countie of Middlesex for
the tyme being, shall from tyme to tyme certifie into the       #
Kinges Eschequier aswell all suche fynes and forfaictures so
assessed within the saide Countie, lost and forfaicted befor    #
the saide Justices in Midd~ to the use of the Kinges Hieghnes
and his heyres, and the Barons of the saide Eschequier to make  #
out processe by distresse to be taken and levied upon
the saide land~ and tenement~, or otherwyse by theyre           #
discreac~ons aswell for the saide fynes assessed, as allso for  #
the
saide forfaictures and penalties before lymited; And if the     #
Clerke of peaxe within the saide Countie of Midd~ be
remisse and negligent in making suche certificat or doing the   #
duetie according to this Acte, thenne the same Clerke to
lose and forfaicte for everye suche defaulte fyve poundes, the  #
oone haulf therof to be to the use of the Kinges Hieghnes
and thother haulf to any of the Kinges subjectes that wooll     #
sue for the same, in any of the Kinges Courtes, by bill action
informac~on or otherwyse wherein no wager of lawe essoine or    #
protecc~on shall lie for the defendaunte.
<P III,911>
   And further be it enacted by thauctorytie aforesaide, that   #
the Maire Aldremen and Justices of Peace within the saide
Citie of London and Suburbes of the same or foure of them,      #
wherof the Maire to be oone, by vertue of this Acte shall
have full power and auctorytie from tyme to tyme to set fynes   #
and amerciament~ of all and singne p~sone and p~sones
for not paving and repayring of any of the saide Streates       #
lanes or hieghe waies within the saide Cities and Liberties
of the same, whiche nowe be paved or hereafter shalbe by force  #
of this Acte paved; And the same fynes and
amerciament~ to be levied by distresse plainte or action        #
within the saide Citie by the Chamberleyne of the saide Citie
for the tyme being, to the use of the Maire and Co~mynaltie of  #
the saide Citie and theyre successoures, as other fynes and
amerciament~ for any other matter or cause within the saide     #
Citie hathe been used and accustomed.

   Provided allwaies that if any thinhabytaunt~ of suche land~  #
and tenement~ doo sufficientlie repaire and pave before
theyre mansions and dwelling places the saide Streates lanes    #
and hiegh waies, that thenne everye suche inhabytaunte by
force of this Acte shall defalke abbate and reteyne in his      #
hand~, asmuche of rent due to his lessour as he canne prove
to have expended in and about the same paving and repayring,    #
and the lessour for so muche money as suche soome
dothe amounte unto, to have no action reentre nor other         #
remedye for oone paiment of the same, ooneles it shalbe
otherwyse agreed betwene them.



<B CEHAND1A>
<Q E1 IS HANDO FITZH>
<N HUSBANDRY>
<A FITZHERBERT ANTHONY>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FITZHERBERT.
THE BOOK OF HUSBANDRY (1534).
ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY, 37.
ED. W. W. SKEAT.
VADUZ: KRAUS REPRINT LTD., 1965 (1882).
PP. 35.1  - 44.22   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 95.18 - 101.15  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 35>
[}26. HOWE RYE SHULDE BE SHORNE.}]

   In the later ende of July, or in the begynnynge of 
Auguste, is tyme to shere Rye, the whiche wolde be 
shorne cleane, and faste bounden. And in somme 
places they mowe it, the whiche is not soo good to the 
housbandes profytte, but it is the sooner done. For 
whan it is mowen, it wyll not be so fast bounden: and
he can not gather it soo cleane, but there wyll be moche 
losse, and taketh more rowme in the barne than shorne 
corne dothe. And also it wyll not kepe nor saue it selfe 
from rayne or yll wether, whan it standeth in the couer, 
as the shorne corne wyll do.

[}27. HOWE TO SHERE WHEATE.}]

   Wheate wolde be shorne cleane, and harde bounden 
in lyke maner; but for a generall rule, take good hede, 
that the sherers of all maner of whyte corne cast not 
vppe theyr handes hastely, for thanne all the lose corne, 
and the strawes, that he holdeth not fast in his hande, 
flieth ouer his heed, and are loste: and also it wyll pull 
of the eares, and specyallye of the cornes that be verye 
rype. In somme places they wyll shere theyr cornes
hyghe, to the entente to mowe theyr stubble, eyther to 
thacke or to bren: if they so do, they haue greate cause 
to take good hede of the sherers. For if the eares of 
corne croke downe to the erthe, and the sherer take 
not good hede, and put up the eare er he cut the 
strawe: as many eares as be vnder his hoke or sicle 
fall to the erthe, and be loste; and whan they mowe 
the stubble, it is great hyndraunce to the profytte of 
the grounde. And in Sommersetshire, about Zelcestre 
and Martok, they doo shere theyr wheate very lowe, 
and all the wheate-strawe that they pourpose to make 
thacke of, they do not thresshe it, but cutte of the 
<P 36>
eares, and bynde it in sheues, and call it rede: and 
therwith they thacke theyr houses. And if it be a 
newe house, they thacke it vnder theyr fote: the 
whiche is the beste and the surest thacking that can 
be of strawe, for crowes and douues shall neuer hurte it.

[}28. TO MOWE OR SHERE BARLEY AND OTES.}]  

   Barley and otes be moste commonly mowen, and a 
man or woman folowythe the mower with a hande-rake 
halfe a yarde longe, with .vii. or .viii. tethe, in the 
lyfte hande, and a syckle in the ryghte hande, and 
with the rake he gethereth as moche as wyll make a 
shefe. And thanne he taketh the barley or otes by the 
toppes, and pulleth out as moche as wil make a band, 
and casteth the band from him on the land, and with his 
rake and his syckle taketh vp the barley or otes, & 
layeth them vppon the bande, and so the barley lyeth 
vnbounden .iii. or .iiii. dayes, if it be fayre wether, 
and than to bynde it. And whan the barley is ledde 
away, the landes muste be raked, or els there wyll be 
moche corne loste, and if the barley or otes lye, they 
muste nedes be shorne.

[}29. TO REPE OR MOWE PEES AND BEANES.}]

   Pees and benes be moste commonly laste reped or 
mowen, of diuers maners, some with sickles, some 
with hokes, and some with staffe-hokes. And in some 
places they lay them on repes, and whan they be dry, 
they laye them to-gether on heapes, lyke hey-cockes, 
and neuer bynde them. But the beste way is, whan 
the repes be dry, to bynde them, and to set theym on
the rydge of the landes three sheues to-gether; and 
loke that your sherers, repers, or mowers geld not 
your beanes, that is to saye, to cutte the beanes so hye, 
<P 37>
that the nethermoste codde growe styll on the stalke; 
and whan they be bounden, they are the more redyer 
to lode and vnlode, to make a reke, and to take fro 
the mowe to thresshe. And soo be not the repes.

[}30. HOWE ALL MANER OF CORNES SHULDE BE TYTHED.}]

   Nowe that all these cornes before specyfyed be
shorne, mowed, reped, bounden vp, and layde vppon
the rydge of the lande, lette the housbande take
hede of goddes commaundemente, and let hym goo
to the ende of his lande, and begynne and tell .ix.
sheues, and let hym caste out the .x. shefe in the
name of god, and so to pervse from lande to lande,
tyll he haue trewely tythed all his corne. And beware,
and take hede of the sayinge of our lorde by his
prophete Malachias, the whiche saythe, (\Quia michi non
dedisti decimas et primitias, id circo in fame et penuria
maledicti estis\) . That is to saye, Bycause ye haue not
gyuen to me your tythes, and your fyrste-fruytes, therefore
ye be cursed, and punysshed with honger and
penury. And accordynge to that saynte Austyn saythe:
(\Da decimas, alioqui incides in decimam partem angelorum
qui de celo corruerunt in infernum\) . That is to say, Gyue
thy tythes truely, or els thou shalt fall amonge the tenthe
parte of aungelles that felle from heuen in-to hell, the
whiche is an harde worde to euery man, that oughte to
gyue tythes, and doth not gyue them truely. But saynte
Austyne saythe a comfortable worde again, to them that
gyue theyr tythes truely, that is to saye: (\Decimae sunt
tributa egentium animarum\) : Tythes are tributes or
rewardes to nedye soules. And ferther he saythe: (\Si
decimam dederis, non solum abundantiam fructum recipies,
sed etiam sanitatem corporis et animae consequeris\) , That
is to saye, If thou haue gyuen thy tythes truely, thou
shalte not onely receyue the profite, and the abundaunce
<P 38>
of goodes, but also helthe of bodye and soule shall
folowe. Wolde to god, that euerye man knewe the
harde worde of our lorde by his prophete Malachias,
and also the comfortable wordes of the holy saynte
Austyn. For than wolde I truste verely, that tythes
shulde be truely gyuen. 

[}31. HOWE ALL MANER OF CORNE SHULDE BE COUERED.}]

   Nowe these cornes be shorne and bounden, and the
tithes cast out, it is tyme to couer theym, shoke theym,
or halfe-throne them, but couerynge is the beste waye
of all maner of whyte corne. And that is, to set foure
sheues on one syde, and .iiii. sheues on the other syde,
and two sheues aboue, of the greatteste, bounden harde
nyghe to the nether ende, the whiche must be set vpwarde,
and the top downewarde spredde abrode to couer all the
other sheues. And they wyll stand beste in wynde, and 
saue theym-selfe beste in rayne, and they wolde be set
on the rydge of the lande, and the sayde sheues to leane
to-gether in the toppes, and wyde at the grounde, that
the winde may go through, to drye them. Pees and
beanes wolde be set on the rydge of the lande, thre
sheues together, the toppes vpwarde, and wrythen together,
and wyde benethe, that they maye the better
wyddre.

[}32. TO LODE CORNE, AND MOWE IT.}]

   Whanne all these cornes be drye and wyddred ynoughe,
than lode theym in-to the barne, and laye euerye corne
by it-selfe. And if be a wete haruest, make many mowes:
and if thou haue not housynge ynoughe, thanne it is
better to laye thy pees and benes without vppon a reke,
than other corne, and it is better vppon a scaffolde than
vppon the grounde: for than it muste be well hedged
<P 39>
for swyne and catel, and the grounde wyll rotte the
bottom, and the scaffolde saueth both hedgynge and
rottynge: but they must be well couered bothe. And the
husband may set shepe or catel vnder the same scaffold
and wyll serue hym in stede of an house, if it be well 
and surely made, &c.

[}33. THE SECOND STURRYNGE.}]

   In August, and in the begynnyng of September, is
tyme to make his seconde sturrynge, and most commonly
it is cast downe and plowed a meane forowe, not to depe
nor to ebbe, so he turne it clene. And if it be caste, it
wolde be water-forowed bytwene the landes, there-as
the reane shulde be, and it wyll be the dryer, whan the
lande shall be sowen. And if the landes lie high in
the ridge, & highe at the reane, & lowe in the
myddes of the side, that the water may not ronne easely
in-to the reane, as I se dayly in many places: than let
the husband set his plough .iii. or .iiii. fote from the
rydge, and cast all the rydge on bothe sydes, and whan
the rydge is cast, set his plough there-as he began, and
rydge vp the remenant of the lande, and so is the land
bothe cast and rydged, and all at one plowynge. And this
shall cause the lande to lye rounde, whan it is sowen
at the nexte tyme, and than shall it not drowne the corne.

[}34. TO SOWE WHEAT AND RYE.}]

   Aboute Myghelmasse it is tyme to sowe bothe wheate
and rye. Wheate is mooste commonlye sowen vnder the
forowe, that is to saye, caste it vppon the falowe, and
than plowe it vnder. And in some places they sowe theyr
wheate vppon theyr pees-stubble, the whiche is neuer
soo good, as that that is sowen vppon the falowe: and
that is vsed, where they make falowe in a fyelde euery
<P 40>
fourthe yere. And in Essex they vse to haue a chylde,
to go in the forowe before the horses or oxen, with a
bagge or a hopper fall of corne: and he taketh his hande
full of corne, and by lyttel and lytel casteth it in the
sayde forowe. Me semeth, that chylde oughte to haue
moche dyscretion.
   Howe-be-it there is moche good corne, and rye is 
mooste commonlye sowen aboue and harrowed, and two
London busshelles of wheate and rye wyll sowe an acre.
Some grounde is good for wheate, some for rye, and
some is good for bothe: and vppon that ground sowe
blend-corne, that is both wheate and rye, the whyche is
the surest corne of growyng, and good for the husbandes
houshold. And the wheate, that shall be medled with
rye, muste be suche as wyll soone be rype, and that is 
flaxen wheate, polerd wheate, or whyte wheate. And ye
shall vnderstande, that there be dyuers maners of wheates.
Flaxen wheate hath a yelowe eare, and bare without anis,
and is the bryghtest wheate in the busshell, and wyll
make the whytest breed, and it wyll weare the grounde
sore, and is small strawe, and wyll growe very thycke,
and is but small corne. Polerde wheate hath noo anis,
thycke sette in the eare, and wyll soone fall out, and is
greatter corne, and wyll make whyte breed. Whyte
wheate is lyke polerde wheate in the busshell, but it
hath anis, and the eare is foure-square, and wyll make
white breed: and in Essex they call flaxen wheate
whyte wheate. Red wheate hath a flat eare, an inche
brode, full of anis, and is the greatteste corne, and
the brodeste blades, and the greatteste strawe, and
wyl make whyte breed, and is the rudeste of colour
in the busshell.
   Englysshe wheate hath a dunne eare, fewe anis or none,
and is the worste wheate, saue peeke-wheate. Peekewheete
hath a red eare, ful of anis, thyn set, and ofte
tymes it is flyntered, that is to saye, small corne wrynkeled
<P 41>
and dryed, and wyll not make whyte breade, but it wyl
growe vpon colde grounde.

[}35. TO THRESSHE AND WYNOWE CORNE.}]

   This wheate and rye, that thou shalte sowe, ought to
be very cleane of wede, and therfore, er thou thresshe
thy corne, open thy sheues, and pyke oute all maner of
wedes, and than thresshe it, and wynowe it cleane,
and so shalt thou haue good clene corne an other
yere. And in some countreys, aboute London specyallye,
and in Essex and Kente, they do fan theyr corne, the
whiche is a verye good gise, and a great saueguarde for
shedynge of the corne. And whan thou shalte sell it,
if it be well wynowed or fande, it wyll be solde the
derer, and the lyghte corne wyll serue the husbande in
his house.

[}36. TO SEUER PEES, BEANES, AND FYTCHES.}]

   Whan thou haste thresshed thy pees, and beanes,
after they be wynowed, and er thou shalte sowe or selle
them, let theym be well reed with syues, and seuered in
thre partes, the great from the small, and thou shalte gette
in euerye quarter a London busshell, or there about. For
the small corne lyeth in the holowe and voyde places of
the greate beanes, and yet shall the greate beanes be solde
as dere, as if they were all together, or derer, as a man
may proue by a famylier ensample. Let a man bye
 .C. hearynges, two hearynges for a penye, and an other
 .C. hearynges, thre for a peny, and let hym sell these
 .CC. hearinges agayne .v. heringes for .ii.d.; nowe hath
he loste .iiii. d. For C. hearinges, .ii. for i.d., cost v.s.,
and C. hearynges, .iii. for a peny, coste .iii s. and .iiii d.,
the whiche is .viii. s and .iiii. d.; and whan he selleth
 .v. herynges for .ii. d., xx. heringes cometh but
<P 42>
to .viii. d. and there is but .xii. score heringes, and that
is but .xii. grotes, and xii. grotes, and that cometh but to
 .viii. s. and so he hath lost .iiii. d. and it is bicause      #
there be
not so many bargeins, for in the bienge of these .CC.
heringes there be .v. score bargeins, and in the sellinge
of the same there be but .xlviii. bargeyns, and so is
there lost .x. hearinges, the whiche wolde haue ben .ii.
bargeyns moo, and than it had ben euen and mete. And
therfore he that byeth grosse sale, and retayleth, muste
nedes be a wynner. And so shalt thou be a loser, if
thou sell thy pees, beanes, and fytches together: for than
thou sellest grosse sale. And if thou seuer them in thre 
partes, than thou doest retayle, wherby thou shalte wynne.

[}37. OF SHEPE, AND WHAT TYME OF THE YERE THE RAMMES
SHULDE BE PUT TO THE EWES.}]

   An housbande can not well thryue by his corne,
without he haue other cattell, nor by his cattell, without
corne. For els he shall be a byer, a borower, or
a begger. And bycause that shepe in myne opynyon is
the mooste profytablest cattell that any man can haue,
therfore I pourpose to speake fyrst of shepe. Than
fyrst is to be knowen, what tyme thou shalt put thy
rammes to thy ewes; and therin I make a distinction, for
euery man maye not put to theyr rammes all at one
tyme; for if they doo, there wyll be greate hurte and
losse; for that man, that hath the best shepe-pasture for
wynter, and soone spryngynge in the begynnynge of the
yere, he maye suffre his rammes to goo with his ewes
all tymes of the yere, to blyssomme or ryde whan they
wyll: but for the comon pasture, it is tyme to put to his
rammes at the Exaltation of the holye crosse: for than
the bucke goth to the rut, and so wolde the ramme.
But for the common husbande, that hath noo pasture but
the common fieldes, it is tyme ynoughe at the feste of
<P 43>
saynt Mychaell the archangel. And for the poore
housbande of the Peeke, or suche other, that dwell in
hylly and hyghe groundes, that haue no pastures, nor
common fieldes, but all-onely the comon hethe, Symon
and Jude daye is good tyme for theym, and this is the
reason why. An ewe goth with lambe .xx. wekes, and
shall yeane her lambe in the .xxi. weke; & if she haue
not conueniente newe grasse to eate, she maye not gyue
her lambe mylke: and for wante of mylke, there be
manye lambes perysshed and loste: and also for pouertye,
the dammes wyll lacke mylke, and forsake theyr lambes,
and soo often tymes they dye bothe in suche harde
countreys.

[}38. TO MAKE AN EWE TO LOUE HER LAMBE.}]
 
   If thy ewe haue mylke, and wyll not loue her lambe,
put her in a narowe place made of bordes, or of smothe
trouse, a yarde wyde, and put the lambe to her, and
socle it, and yf the ewe smyte the lambe with her
heed, bynd her heed with a heye-rope, or a corde, to
the syde of the penne: and if she wyl not stande
syde longe all the lambe, than gyue her a lyttell hey,
and tye a dogge by her, that she maye se hym: and
this wyll make her to loue her lambe shortely. And
if thou haue a lambe deed, wherof the damme hath
moche mylke, fley that lambe, and tye that skynne vpon
an other lambes backe, that hath a sory damme, with
lyttell mylke, and put the good ewe and that lambe together
in the penne, and in one houre she wyll loue
that lambe; & than mayst thou take thy sory weyke 
ewe awaye, and put her in an other place: and by this
meanes thou mayste fortune to saue her lyfe, and the
lambes bothe.
<P 44>
[}39. WHAT TYME LAMBES SHULDE BE WAYNED.}]

   In some places they neuer seuer their lambes from 
theyr dammes, and that is for two causes: One is, in 
the beste pasture where the rammes goo alwaye with
theyr ewes, there it nedeth not, for the dammes wil
waxe drye, and wayne theyr lambes theym-selfe. An
other cause is, he that hath noo seuerall and sounde
pasture, to put his lambes vnto whan they shoulde be
wayned, he muste eyther sell them, or let them sucke
as longe as the dammes wyll suffre theym; and it is
a common sayinge, that the lambe shall not rotte, as
longe as it souketh, excepte the damme wante meate.
But he that hath seueral and sounde pasture, it is tyme
to wayne theyr lambes, whanne they be .xvi. wekes
old, or .xviii. at the farthest, and the better shall the
ewe take the ramme agayne. And the poore man of
the peeke countreye, and suche other places, where as 
they vse to mylke theyr ewes, they vse to wayne theyr
lambes at xii. wekes olde, and to mylke theyr ewes
fiue or syxe wekes, &c. But those lambes be neuer
soo good as the other that sucke longe, and haue
meate ynoughe. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 95>
[}146. WHAT WARKES A WYFE SHULDE DO IN GENERALL.}]

   First in a mornyng whan thou arte waked, and purposeste to 
ryse, lyfte vp thy hande, and blesse the, and 
make a sygne of the holy crosse, (\In nomine patris, et filii, 
et spiritus sancti.\) Amen. In the name of the father, the 
sonne, and the holy gooste. And if thou saye a Pater 
noster, an Aue, and a Crede, and remember thy maker, 
thou shalte spede moche the better. And whan thou arte 
vp and redy, than first swepe thy house, dresse vp thy 
dyssheborde, and sette all thynges in good order within 
thy house: milke thy kye, socle thy calues, sye vp thy 
mylke, take vppe thy chyldren and araye theym, and 
prouyde for thy husbandes brekefaste, dynner, souper, 
and for thy chyldren and seruauntes, and take thy parte 
with theym. And to ordeyne corne and malte to the 
myll, to bake and brue withall whanne nede is. And 
meete it to the myll, and fro the myll, and se that thou 
haue thy measure agayne besyde the tolle, or elles the 
myller dealeth not truely with the, or els thy corne is not 
drye as it shoulde be. Thou must make butter, and chese 
whan thou maist, serue thy swyne bothe mornyng and 
euenynge, and gyue thy poleyn meate in the mornynge;
<P 96>
and whan tyme of the yere cometh, thou must take hede 
howe thy hennes, duckes, and geese do ley, and to gather 
vp theyr egges, and whan they waxe brodye, to sette 
them there as noo beastes, swyne, nor other vermyn 
hurte them. And thou muste knowe, that all hole-footed 
fowles wyll sytte a moneth, and all clouen-footed fowles 
wyll sytte but three wekes, excepte a peyhenne, and greatte 
fowles, as cranes, bustardes, and suche other. And whan 
they haue broughte forthe theyr byrdes, to see that they 
be well kepte from the gleyd, crowes, fullymartes, and 
other vermynne. And in the begynnynge of Marche, or 
a lyttell afore, is tyme for a wyfe to make her garden, and 
to gette as many good sedes and herbes as she canne, 
and specially suche as be good for the potte, and to eate: 
and as ofte as nede shall requyre, it muste be weded, for 
els the wedes wyl ouergrowe the herbes. And also in 
Marche is tyme to sowe flaxe and hempe, for I haue 
harde olde houswyues saye, that better is Marche hurdes 
than Apryll flaxe, the reason appereth: but howe it 
shulde be sowen, weded, pulled, repeyled, watred, 
wasshen, dryed, beaten, braked, tawed, hecheled, spon, 
wounden, wrapped, and wouen, it nedeth not for me to 
shewe, for they be wise ynough; and therof may they 
make shetes, bordclothes, towels, shertes, smockes, and
suche other necessaryes, and therfore let thy dystaffe 
be alwaye redye for a pastyme, that thou be not 
ydle. And vndouted a woman can-not gette her lyuynge 
honestely with spynnynge on the distaffe, but it stoppeth 
a gap, and muste nedes be had. The bolles of flaxe, 
whan they be ripeled of, must be rideled from the wedes, 
and made drye with the son, to get out the sedes. Howe 
be it one maner of linsede, called loken sede, wyll not 
open by the son: and therfore, whan they be drye, they 
muste be sore brused and broken, the wiues knowe howe, 
and than winowed and kepte drye, tyll yere-tyme come
<P 97>
agayn. Thy female hempe must be pulled from the 
churle hempe, for that beareth no sede, and thou must 
do by it, as thou dydest by the flax. The churle hempe 
beareth sede, and beware that byrdes eate it not, as it 
groweth: the hemp therof is not soo good as the female 
hempe, but yet it wyll do good seruyce. May fortune 
somtime, that thou shalt haue so many thinges to do, that 
thou shalt not well knowe where is best to begyn. Than 
take hede, which thing shulde be the greattest losse, if 
it were not done, and in what space it wold be done: 
than thinke what is the greatest losse, & there begyn. 
But in case that thynge, that is of greateste losse, wyll 
be longe in doynge, and thou myghteste do thre or foure 
other thynges in the meane whyle, thanne loke well, if 
all these thynges were sette together, whiche of them 
were the greattest losse; and if all these thynges be of 
greater losse, and may be all done in as shorte space, as 
the other, than doo thy many thynges fyrste.
   It is conuenyente for a housbande to haue shepe of 
his owne, for many causes, and than maye his wife haue 
part of the woll, to make her husbande and her-selfe 
some clothes. And at the leaste waye, she may haue the 
lockes of the shepe, eyther to make clothes or blankettes 
& couerlettes, or bothe. And if she haue no woll of her 
owne, she maye take wol to spynne of clothe-makers, and 
by that meanes she maye haue a conuenyent lyuynge, and 
many tymes to do other warkes. It is wyues occupation, 
to wynowe all maner of cornes, to make malte, to wasshe 
and wrynge, to make heye, shere corne, and in tyme of 
nede to helpe her husbande to fyll the mucke-wayne or 
dounge-carte, dryue the ploughe, to loode hey, corne, and 
suche other. And to go or ride to the market, to sel butter, 
chese, mylke, egges, chekyns, capons, hennes, pygges, 
gese, and all maner of cornes. And also to bye all maner 
of necessarye thynges belongynge to houssholde, and to
<P 98> 
make a trewe rekenynge and a-compte to her housbande,
what she hath payed. And yf the housbande go to the
market, to bye or sell, as they ofte do, he than to shewe
his wife in lyke maner. For if one of them shoulde vse
to deceyue the other, he deceyueth hym-selfe, and he is
not lyke to thryue. And therfore they muste be trewe 
eyther to other. I coulde peraduenture shewe the housbandes 
dyuerse poyntes that the wyues deceyue them
in: and in lyke maner, howe husbandes deceyue theyr
wyues: but if I shulde do so, I shulde shewe mo subtyll
poyntes of deceypt, than eyther of them knewe of before.
And therfore me semeth beste to holde my peace, least
I shoulde do as the knyght of the toure dyd, the whiche
had many fayre doughters, and of fatherly loue that he
oughte to them, he made a boke, to a good entente, that
they myghte eschewe and flee from vyces, and folowe
vermes. In the whiche boke he shewed, that if they
were wowed, moued, or styred by any man, after suche
a maner as he there shewed, that they shulde withstande
it. In the whiche boke he shewed so many wayes, howe
a man shoulde atteyne to his purpose, to brynge a woman
to vice, the whiche wayes were so naturall, and the wayes
to come to theyr purpose were soo subtylly contryued,
and craftely shewed, that harde it wold be for any woman
to resyste or deny theyr desyre. And by the sayd boke
hath made bothe the men and the women to knowe more
vyces, subtyltye, and crafte, than euer they shulde haue
knowen, if the boke had not ben made: in the whiche 
boke he named hym-selfe the knight of the towre. And
thus I leue the wyues, to vse theyr occupations at theyr
owne discreation.

[}147. TO KEPE MEASURE IN SPENDYNGE.}]

   Nowe thou husbande and huswyfe, that haue done
<P 99>
your diligence and cure, accordynge to the fyrste artycle
of the philosopher, that is to saye: (\Adhibe curam\) . And
also haue well remembred the sayeng of wyse Salomon:
(\Quod ociosus non gaudebit cum electis in caelo: sed lugebit   #
in
aeternum cum reprobis in inferno\) : Thanne ye must remembre, 
obserue, and kepe in mind, the seconde article of
the sayinge of the philosopher, that is to saye, (\Tene
mensuram\) : That is to saye in englysshe, holde and kepe
measure. And accordynge to that sayenge, I lerned two
verses at grammer-schole, and they be these, (\Qui plus         #
expendit, 
quam rerum copia rendit: Non admiretur, si paupertate 
grauetur\) : he that dothe more expende, thanne his
goodes wyll extende, meruayle it shall not be, thoughe
he be greued with pouertee. And also accordynge to
that sayenge speketh sayncte Paul and saythe, (\Iuxta
facultates faciendi sunt sumptus, ne longi temporis victum,
breuis hora consumat\) : That is to saye, A[{f{]ter thy faculty
or thy honoure, make thyne expences, leste thou spende
in shorte space that thynge, that thou shouldest lyue
by longe. This texte toucheth euery manne, from the
hyest degree to the loweste; wherfore it is necessary to
euerye manne and womanne to remembre and take good
hede there-vnto, for to obserue, kepe, and folowe the
same; but bycause this texte of sayncte Paule is in latyn,
and husbandes commonely can but lyttell laten, I fere
leaste they can-not vnderstande it. And thoughe it
were declared ones or twyse to theym, that they wolde
forgette it: Wherfore I shall shewe to theym a texte
in englysshe, and that they maye well vnderstande, and
that is this, Eate within thy tedure.

[}148. TO EATE WITHIN THE TEDURE.}]

   Thou husbande and huswife, that intend to folowe
the sayinge of the philosopher, that is to saye, kepe
<P 100>
measure, you muste spare at the brynke, and not at the
bottom, that is to vnderstande, in the begynnynge of
the yere, sellynge of thy cornes, or spendynge in thy
house, vnto the tyme that thou haue sowen agayne thy
wynter-corne, and thy lente-corne, and than se what
remayneth to serue thy house, and of the ouerplus thou
mayste sell and bye suche other necessaryes, as thou must
nedes occupie. And if thou spende it in the begynnynge
of the yere, and shall want in the hynder ende, than
thou doste not eate within thy tedure, and at the laste
thou shalte be punyshed, as I shal proue the by ensample.
Take thy horse, and go tedure him vpon thyne owne
lees, flytte hym as ofte as thou wylte, no manne wyll
saye 'wronge thou doste'; but make thy horse to longe
a tedure, than whan thou haste tyed hym vppon thyne
owne lees, his tedure is so longe, that it recheth to the
middes of an-other mans lees or corne: Nowe haste
thou gyuen hym to moche lybertye, and that man, whose
corne or grasse thy horse hath eaten, wyll be greued at
the, and wyll cause the to be amerced in the court, or
elles to make hym amendes, or bothe. And if thy
horse breake his tedure, and go at large in euery mans
corne and grasse, than commeth the pynder, and taketh
hym, and putteth hym in the pynfolde, and there shall
he stande in prison, without any meate, vnto the tyme
thou hast payde his raunsome to the pynder, and also
make amendes to thy neyghbours, for distroyenge of
theyr corne. Ryght so, as long as thou eatest within
thy tedure, that thou nedest not to begge nor borowe of
noo man, soo longe shalte thou encrease and growe in
rychesse, and euery man wyll be content with the. And
if thou make thy tedure to longe, that thyne owne
porcyon wyll not serue the, but that thou shalte begge,
borowe, or bye of other: that wyll not longe endure,
but thou shalte fall in-to pouertye. And if thou breake
<P 101>
thy tedure, and ren ryot at large, and knowe not other
mennes goodes frome thyne owne, than shall the pynder,
that is to saye, the sheryffe and the bayly, areste the,
and putte the in the pynfolde, that is to say, in prison,
there to abyde tyll the truth be knowen: and it is
meruayle, if thou scape with thy lyfe, an therfore eate
within thy tedure.

[}149. A SHORTE LESSON FOR THE HUSBANDE.}]

   One thinge I wyl aduise the to remembre, and specially
in wynter-tyme, whan thou sytteste by the fyre, and hast
supped, to consyder in thy mynde, whether the warkes,
that thou, thy wyfe, & thy seruauntes shall do, be more
auauntage to the than the fyre, and candell-lyghte, meate
and drynke that they shall spende, and if it be more
auantage, than syt styll: and if it be not, than go to thy
bedde and slepe, and be vppe betyme, and breake thy
faste before day, that thou mayste be all the shorte
wynters day about thy busynes. At grammer-scole I
lerned a verse, that is this, (\Sanat, sanctificat, et ditat
surgere mane\) . That is to say, Erly rysyng maketh a man
hole in body, holer in soule, and rycher in goodes. And
this me semeth shuld be sufficient instruction for the
husbande to kepe measure.



<B CEHAND1B>
<Q E1 IS HANDO TURNER>
<N WINES>
<A TURNER WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TURNER, WILLIAM.
TEXT:  A NEW BOKE OF THE NATURES AND
PROPERTIES OF ALL WINES (1568).
A BOOK OF WINES.
EDS. S. V. LARKEY AND P. M. WAGNER (FACSIMILE).
NEW YORK: SCHOLARS' FACSIMILES & REPRINTS, 1941.
PP. B2R.1 - B8R.27  (SAMPLE 1)
PP. C6V.7 - D3V.19  (SAMPLE 2)
PP. D8R.2 - E1V.23  (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P B2R>
[}OF NEW AND OLDE WINE, AND OF IT
THAT IS OF A MEANE AGE THAT 
IS NEYTHER TO BE CALLED
NEW NOR
OLDE.}]

   There are twoo sortes of newe 
Wine, one that is called (^Must^) ,
and that is but latelye made or
pressed out of the grapes, and is 
swete in tast, troubled in color, and thick
in substaunce, and this sort is properlye 
called in Latin (\Mustum\) . And another
sorte is called newe Wine, which hath
left his sweetnes & gotten clearenesse, but
yet it is not long since it was made. (^Galen^)
in his booke of making of medicines,
seemeth to call all Wine that is not fully
fiue yeares olde, newe wine, and it that
is past fiue yeares vntill it bee ten yeare
olde, wine of middle age, and it that is 
aboue the age of ten yeares, olde wine,
and (^Dioscorides^) writing of the nature 
of Wines in his fifte booke, calleth it 
Wine of middle age, that is more than 
seauen yeare olde, and (^Plinie^) writeth,
<P B2V>
not without an error of the scribe (as I 
gesse) that (\Falerno media aetas incipit
ab anno decimo quinto\) . But (^Valeriola^)
a man otherwise wel learned, leauing
the authoritie of (^Galen^) , calleth it newe
Wine that keepeth still his Mustish and
swete taste, and as yet hath gotten no 
sharpenesse, and he calleth that Wine of 
middle age, that is no more sweete, but
is cleare, and sayth that he and his countrimen
take the most notable Wines of
Fraunce for olde Wines, before they bee 
fullye one yeare olde. And this doth he 
holde (\enarrationum medicinalium,
lib. sexto, enarratione septima\) . In the
same place he reproueth (^Aloisius Mundella^)
for saying that wine sixe yeares
olde was newe wine after (^Galen^) , who 
although fayled in exceeding one yeare
beyond (^Galens^) numbring of the yeares
of new wine, yet he went a great deale
farther from (^Galens^) minde than (^Mundella^)
did. (^Must^) when it is made euen of 
ripe grapes, is but hote in the first degree,
for (^Galen^) in his boke of the powers
of simple medicines, hath these wordes
<P B3R>
following. (\Vinum est ex secundo ordine
excalfacientium. Sed quod admodum 
vetus est ex tertio, sicut quod 
mustum vocant ex primo, caliditatis
eius proportioni respondet siccitas\) ,
that is, wine (that is to say of midle age)
is hote in the seconde degree, but it that 
is verie olde is hote in the third degree,
as it that is called (^Must^) is hote in the
first degree. By these words their errour
is openly confuted, that holde that euery 
wine is hote in the second degree. (^Galen^)
writeth truly that the Grapes that grow
in verie colde places, neuer come to ripenesse,
neither to sweetenesse, but when
other wines are made, they are sweete 
& pleasant, but such Wines made of such
grapes, are very soure and therfore colde,
the words of (^Galen^) are these written in 
y=e= second booke (\de alimentoru~ facultatibus. 
In regionibus frigidis ne vuae quidem
ipsae exquisite maturari queunt,
nedum passaru~ quaepiam, ob id quod
resinam vinis immittant, ne acescant 
celeriter\) . That is. In colde countries 
neither rasins come to anye perfite ripenesse
<P B3V>
neither the grapes, and therefore
men put rosin into the wines, that they
shoulde not shortly waxe soure. And in 
the booke of good and ill iuice he sayth
thus. The Wines that are to olde or to
newe, are to be eschued. For the olde 
doe heate to much, and the new Wines
as long as they are greene, or very new,
heat nothing at all, so farre are they fro~
helping of men to digest their meates,
that they are very hardly digested themselues, 
and oft times they hang and abide
still in a mans stomacke, euen as water.
(^Dioscorides^) also who wrote before (^Galen^) ,
sayth (\lib.\) 5. The sinewes are hurte
with olde wine, and other instruments
of the senses: yet for all that it is sweeter
in taste than the other wines are. Wherfore
a man ought to beware of it, that
feeleth the weakenesse of anye inwarde
part. Yet when a man is in good helth a
little being delayed with water, it maye
be taken without harme. Newe Wine
puffeth a man vp, and filleth him with
winde, and is hard of digestion and breedeth
heauie dreames, and maketh a man
<P B4R>
to make water. It that is of a meane age 
betweene both, is free from the harmes
that maye come of both, wherefore it is
commonlye vsed both of hole and sicke 
men with their meate. (^Aristotel^) in his
fourth booke (\Meteorologicorum\) the .x.
Chapter writeth. That new Wine hath 
more earth or earthlynesse in it than olde
hath, wherevpon a man maye gather
plainlye that new Wine is verye ill for
them that are disposed to the stone, for it
hauing so much thicke earthlinesse in it,
giueth matter whereof the stone may be
made to hote kidneys, that the heate of
kidneis may so bake it into stones as the 
heate of the Bricke kill turneth the claye
into Bricke or tile stones. Wherefore I 
must needes dispraise the maner of our 
delicate Englishmen and women that
drinke the Rhennish wine only for pleasure, 
whilst it is as yet as thicke as puddle
or horsepisse. For beside that it giueth
matter to make the stone of, I haue knowen 
three within the space of one yere in
high Germany that toke the falling sicknesse 
by drinking much newe Rhenishe
<P B4V>
wine, and they died all three, and coulde
not be holpen with phisicke, one of them 
sodenly lost his spech and died within an
houre after that he sickened, and the other
two liued but a day or two after, and 
died miserably with great paine, and had
grieuous fittes of the falling sicknesse at 
sundry times. I haue marked that within
these dosen yeares there haue bene
more sicke in the falling sicknesse, than
had wont to be before. The cause wherof 
I iudge to be, that mens wiues, nurses,
and children drinke more Rhennishe
(^Must^) , and other sweete wines vnfined,
brought out also of other cou~tries as wel
as out of Germany: tha~ they were wont
to drinke before in times past. (^AEtius^) a
diligent follower of (^Galen^) , and a faithfull
gatherer of the writinges of olde
Greke writers of phisick, saith that wine
(meaning thereby wine of middle age
that is neither verie new, neither verye
olde) is hote in the second degree, and that
verye olde is hote in the thirde degree, as
very new (^Must^) is hote in the first degree.
Ye maye see here once againe, that they 
<P B5R>
are more bolde than learned and wise,
that holde that all Wines are hote in the
second degree. Some peraduenture will
aske whether there is any kinde of newe
Wine that may serue for anye vses, and
may be dronken at any time or no; To
whom I make this aunswere by the authoritie
of (^Galen^) in his booke of good and
euill iuice, that (\ex recentibus vinis genus
illud du~taxat tuto bibitur, quod
tenuis substantiae est, sicuti ex Italicis
Cauchanum & Albanu~. &c. quae sane
tenuia, candida & aquosa existunt. &c\) 
That is. Amongst new wines only that 
kinde maye be safelye drunken, that is of
a thin substaunce, as amongst Italian
wines are (^Cauchanum^) & (^Albanum^) . &c.
which wines in dede are thin, white, and
waterish, and therfore are called (\Oligophora\) ,
that is, wines that can abide but
small menging of water with them. And
as redishe yelow Wines bicause they are
hote in working, they fill the head by and
by, so the other wines that are thin and
waterish wines, and gently binding are
not only not noysome vnto the head, but
<P B5V>
oft times take awaye light head aches
which come of humors gathered togither 
in the stomache, thus farre (^Galen^) .
Nowe some men that reade this booke, 
acknowledging the~selues to be my scholers,
peradue~ture would learne of me bicause
I teach English men in this English
booke, what kindes of wines that are
brought into England, are of this sort. I
answere, that neither Sacke, Malmesey,
Muscadell, neither Clared, French nor
Gascone wine, though they be most vsed
here in Englande at this time, are such
Wines as (^Galen^) speaketh of here, but
Rhennish wine that is racket and cleare,
and Rochell, and Sebes and other small
white Wines that are cleare from their
groundes, therefore to them that are disposed
vnto the headache, amongst all
new Wines these aboue named small
Wines are least hurtfull, and maye be
taken with lesse ieoperdie. If anye contende
that French, Clared and Gascone
wine, and other wines as strong as Gascone
is, doe as little hurt to the head as
these wines doe: I aunswere that the
<P B6R>
French, Clared and Gascone wines are
not thin and subtill, but strong, thicke
and hote, and not as (^Galen^) sayth (\aquosa\)
that is, waterish. Wherfore if the authoritie
of (^Galen^) may take place, their opinion
is here openly confuted, which commend
so much French, Clared and Gascone 
Wine, and despise and condemne
Rhennish and such like White wines.
The same men haue forbidden all their
patientes that are disposed to the stone,
gout, and rewme, by name all Rhennish
and white Wines, and saye that white
and Rhennish Wines make and engender
the goute, holding that white and 
Rhennishe Wine driue so sore that they 
bring matter to the kidneis and bladder,
whereof the stone is engendred. First I
must reason against this vnreasonable
reason more largely than the argument
of this booke, in some mens opinion, requireth,
bicause they haue holden this opinion 
so long and without authoritie or
good reason teach it so stiffelye still. For
the better discussing of this matter, it is
needefull to tell what things breede and
<P B6V>
make the stone, and howe manye chiefe
causes there be of it, and whether thin
and waterish wines be y=e= materiall or efficient 
cause of the stone, or no cause of it
at all, but a preseruatiue from the stone.
Although the naturall disposition that a 
man hath of his father or mother to the 
stone be a great and vnauoydable cause
of the stone, yet beside that, there are two 
common causes, of the which the one is 
the materiall cause, and the other is the 
cause efficient, or working or making
cause, that maketh the stone, of y=e= matter
that is disposed to be a stone. (^Galen^) in
the third booke of norishmentes, writing
of cheese in few wordes sheweth both the
materiall and efficient cause of the stone.
Olde cheese, sayth he, is harder to digest
and of worse iuice, and therefore readier
to breede the stone, (\Nam vbi succorum
crassities cum arde~ti calore iungitur,
illic calculi generantur\) , that is, wheras
there is grossenesse of iuices ioyned
with a burning heate, there are stones
engendred. (^Galen^) I graunt in his booke
of good and ill iuices, writeth that the often
<P B7R> 
vse of such medicines that make thin 
and cut grosse humors in pieces, maketh
a mans bloud eyther whayish, or Cholericke
or Melancholike, for such kindes of 
Medicines doe not onely cut and make 
thin, but also heate out of measure. Beholde
and marke here that he speaketh
not of Rhennishe and white wine, but of
vnmeasurablye hote medicines, and he 
sayth immediatlye after, (\ob idq~ solida
membra exiccant, & crassum humorem
reddunt, quo in renibus assato,
gignuntur calculi\) , that is. They drie vp
the fast and sound members, and make
the humor grosse, whereof when as it is 
burned or rosted in the kidneyes, stones
are ingendred. Thus farre (^Galen^) . The 
same sentence and meaning hath (^Galen^)
(\methodi medendi .13. libro\) in these
wordes, (\qui crassi succi cibis vescuntur,
calculi vitio vexantur\) . They that 
eate meates of grosse iuice, are grieued
with the disease of the stone. (^Aetius^) writeth
that the causes of the stone are continuall 
crudities or rawnesse, or vndigested 
humors wherof is gathered togither
<P B7V>
great plenty of vndigested and raw matter,
when a burning riseth about the 
kidneys and bladder, which burneth them
and maketh them go togither in one, and 
maketh therof an hard stone. (^Alexander
Trallianus^) intreating of the stone saith:
(\Est materialis calculorum causa humor
crassus, efficiens autem ignea caliditas\) ,
the materiall cause of the stone is 
a grosse humor, and the efficient cause is 
a fierie heate.
   Now by these authorities that I haue 
alleaged, it is cleare vnto all them that 
can and will see that the matter or materiall 
cause of the stone is a grosse or 
thicke humor, and that the worker or efficient
cause of the same is a great heate 
in or about the kidneyes or bladder. If 
that be graunted to be true, it followeth
that those meates and drinkes that are of
grosser substance and hoter than others
be, cause and breede the stone rather than 
other meates and drinkes that are thinner, 
finer and of a colder complexion, but
both French, Clared and Gascone Clared
wine are of grosser and thicker substaunce,
<P B8R>
and hoter of complexion than 
white Rhennish wine and white french
wines be of. Therfore they breede y=e= stone
more than white Rhennish and whyte
French Wines doe. The Rhenish wine
that is co~monly drunken in Gentlemens
houses and Citizens houses is commonly 
a yere old at y=e= least before it be drunken,
& therfore it is older than y=e= common Clared 
wine, which dureth not commonlye
aboue one yeare, and if Rhennish wyne
be drunken within the yeare, it is commonly
racked before it be drunken, therfore 
for two causes it hath fewer dregges
and lesse terrestritie or grosse earthlynesse
than the Clared wine hath, and therfore
breedeth the stone lesse than Clared wine
that is commonly drunke in gentlemens
houses doth. If I can proue this y=t= I haue
sayde, and also that Clared wine is hoter
than white Rhennish and white French
wines be, there is nothing to let me but
I may conclude without anye withstanding,
that Clared or red wines breede the 
stone more than white wines do. Which
I will assaye to bring to passe after thys
maner following.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P C6V>
[}OF THE NATURE OF WYNES OF DIUERS AND 
SUNDRY COLORS OUT OF GALEN (\DE 
METHODO MEDENDI,
SEXTO & .12.\) }]

   In the sixt booke. Whatsoeuer
Wines be sweete, and also of a
readish yelow color, all such are
sharpe or biting, and hote aboue
measure. In the .xij. booke. To them that 
swoune by the reason of yellow gall that
vexeth the mouth of the stomache, a colde
drinke is to be giuen vnto them, yet for
all that wine that is hote of nature, and 
doth further the conueyance of iuices into 
the bodie, ought to be offred to al them
that are vexed with swounding, for it is 
plainly our will, that the nourishment
that is taken in, should be delt and conueyed
<P C7R>
into the bodye, and that it shoulde 
not tarie in the stomach, but it is openly
knowen that of wines they ought to be 
chosen that are yelow in color, of a fine 
substance and olde, and such must needes
be of a good smell.
   To them that fall in a swounding by 
to much plentie of rawe humors, grosse
thicke wines are noysome, and waterye
wines as vnprofitable are to be eschued.
Therefore we must choose out those that 
are midle wines, which, as is before sayd,
are yellowe and white. But so manye
wines as are the hotest of all, are bright
yelow in color, as is the wine called (^Cecubum^)
in Italie.
   Of other kindes of wine they that are
soure with astriction, and meetelye white
and thicke, are not fit for the conueyance
or leading of iuices into the bodie. But if
they be olde inough, if ye haue no other,
ye maye vse them, for all such when they
are old are good for the stomach. Furthermore
all wines that smell well and are 
redish yellow, so much as is of their nature
altogither, they trouble the heade
<P C7V>
when a man is vexed with both kindes
of swounding, that is of it that commeth
of yellow gall, and also it that commeth
of great plentie of rawe humors falling
into the mouth of the stomach, and there
is no conuenient wine as is required,
and thou art needes compelled to vse 
some wine, thou must flie as I haue said
before, all soure astringent wines, and
new wines, and thicke wines, and chose
waterish wines, and of them such as are
olde, for such wines although they do not
mightily heat, yet they are led or caried
lightly into the body, wherefore these doe
all alike conuey and deale the norishing
iuices into the body, as red yellow wines
do, yet there is a difference betweene the~,
that is, that the redish yellow wines are
more profitable for the digestion that is
in the stomach, and in the veynes, bicause
they doe heate more. Moreouer, they are
easie to be tempered (or else as (^Linaker^)
translateth it, to be mixed) & therfore are
profitable to make good iuice. But there
is none of all these things in waterishe
wines, for verie little of the substance of 
<P C8R>
these is turned into y=e= kinde of bloud. But
when as redish yellowe wine smite the
head, they that are waterishe doe neuer
trouble it, and they beyonde all other
driue out water. Next vnto the which are
redish yellowe wines that are most thin
and subtill, which also ought to be chosen
most chiefly against swounding. Yelow
wines that are grossest in substance are
conueyed into the bodie more slowlie tha~
these be, howbeit they are more piercing
then all soure and binding wines, but 
these redish yellowe wines againe doe
nourish more than thin wines, and correct 
fautie iuices, of all other wines most
speedily engendring a good bloud. Thus
farre (^Galen^) . Nowe after that it is often 
inough proued by the best authors that 
euer wrote of Phisick, that all red wines
as are our Clared wines, and all blacke
wines, which we call red wines, are hoter
and grosser in substaunce than small 
white wines be of: and both driue out 
water lesse than small white wines doe:
It followeth that Clared and red wines
are more, both the materiall and efficient
<P C8V>
causes of the stone, than small white
wines are.
   Where as some argue that such wines
as driue most, bring humors most of all 
other to the kidneys, water vessels, and
bladder, whereof the stone is ingendered
there. But small Rhennish wine and other 
small white wines driue humors
most to the places before named, therefore 
they breede the stone more than other
wines that driue not so much as they do:
I answere vnto the (^maior^) , that not euery
wine that driueth most humors vnto
the kidneys, water vessels & bladder is y=e=
greatest breeder & engendrer of the stone.
For although small and waterish whyte
wines driue more than Clared, yet it followeth
not that they breede y=e= stone more
than red and Clared wines doe. For although
they driue some kinde of humors
vnto the places aboue rehearsed: yet doe
they not leaue them sticking fast in those
places, but they driue them quite thorow
all the water vesselles into the chamber
pot or vrinall, for the which cause they
are called in Greeke [^GREEK OMITTED^] , that is,
<P D1R>
driuers forth of water and vrine, and such
things as are in the vrine. Which name 
they haue not, bicause (as some men doe
dreame) they bring many humors wherof 
the stone is made, to the kidneys and
bladder, and let them lie there, as it were
rotting in a dunghill, but as a faire and
thin water casten into a canel of a streete 
if it haue one to driue it forwarde, not
onelye carieth it selfe awaye forth of the
towne into the common sinke that is 
without the towne, but also the filthines
that hath bene in the canell long before,
euen so that small white wine that hath
a nature to driue forth it selfe, and with
it other things that are necessarie to be 
driuen out by the vrine, breedeth not humors
in the water vesselles, but driueth
them quite away, and suffereth them not
to tarie there, how then can white wine
that after this manner scoureth the water
vessels be an ingendrer of the matter
of the stone, when as it driueth the same 
matter away, and will not suffer it to tarie
in those places where as the stone vseth
to be ingendred. When I was a
<P D1V>
scholer in Cambridge, there was there a
stinking butcherie, and very noysome to 
the~ that went by it, or through it, what if
a man should haue bene hired for .xl.s. in
the yeare to keepe the butcherie, & the rest
of the towne sweete, by carying out of
the puddings, guts, and stinking bloud;
if this fellow should carie out all the filthinesse
out of the butcherie once in the 
weeke vnto the market hill, and let it lie
there, should this man iustly be called a
scourer or clenser of the towne, that carieth
the filth therof from one place onlye
to another, & not quite out of the towne;
I think no. Euen so if smal white wines 
should driue humors from diuerse places
of the bodie, and shoulde not carrie them
forth by the water vesselles, but let them
lie stinking there, it ought not to be called 
a scourer but a defiler, & an hurter of
the bodie. If the maister of the pudding
cart before named, would let the filthines
of the butcherie tarie so long there vntill
it stanke so sore, by reason of long continuing
in that place, and for lacke of carying 
out betime, that both they of the
<P D2R>
butcherie, and all the neighbours about 
were grieuouslye vexed with the foule 
stinke of that filth that taried so long 
there, if an other carter offred for the same
wages euery seconde day to carie out all
the vncleannesse of the towne, which of
these two me~ were more worthy to haue
the office and name of the townescourer;
Smal white wines scoure and driue out
the vncleannesse of the bodie as much as 
it is possible to be done by them, and red
and Clared wine stoppe and hold backe,
and fill the bodie full of ill humors, now
which are most profitable to be taken
most commonly of a man for the keeping
of his health: But although small white
wine by nature hath such properties to
driue out by vrine vnprofitable humors,
that are commed within the compasse of 
their working, yet the vertue of it is hindered, 
either if the man by eating and
drinking to much continually fill the bodie 
with so many excrementes, that nature
euen being holpen with white wine
cannot driue them out, by reason of the
ouerflowing plentie of them, also if that
<P D2V>
the meat lie to long in the stomach, and
the excrements to long in the guttes, and
goe not downe at conuenient times to
the stoole. Than the white wine for lacke
of helpe, can not doe his office. And it is
plaine, that banketting and much eating
and drinking and keeping of the meat to
long in the stomache, and the excrements
vnscoured out of the bellie, giue the most 
part of the material cause vnto the stone,
which thing may be easilye proued by the
authority of (^Aetius^) writing of the stone,
in these wordes. Ye must beware of such
meats as are hard of substance, and are
not esie to be broken with chowing, and
also them that haue much substance, and
nourish verye much, and those that are
conueyed in by heapes into the bodie, before
they be fully digested, or made ripe,
also meates of an heauy qualitie, and are
hardly chaunged and swim aboue, and
go to slowly downe to y=e= belly & fill it ful
of wind. Flie also such as stop the ways
and veynes of the bodie, or otherwise abide 
to long in the bellies, for the bellie
being made wearie with such meates,
<P D3R>
sendeth them forth either as yet raw, or
halfe sodden to the liuer and kidneyes,
and so it that was brought in by heapes
rawe, is sifted or streyned vnfitlye and against
nature, and with an hastie rage
is caried to the kidneyes, and by and by
it groweth togither, and is thickned, and
standeth there still. Thus farre (^Aetius^) .
Of whome we may learne plainly howe
the stone is made, and of what causes,
and that neither small white wine, neyther 
any other wine, will preserue a man
from the stone, except he keepe good diet
withall, and emptie out the excrements
of the bellie dailye. And the same sayth
afterward, (\ventrem semper probe laxum
habere oportet. Hic enim si bene
subierit, puriora lotia prodibunt\) .
That is, ye must haue your bellie alway
well losed, for if the bellie worke well
downeward, your water shall come forth
the fairer and cleaner.
   If so often emptying of the bellye as
nature requireth, maketh a mans water
cleare and faire, then the to much stopping 
of the bodie maketh a foule, drousie
<P D3V>
or dreggye water. But such foule geare
breedeth the stone, therfore to much stopping 
of the bellye is oft the cause of the 
stone. For when as such plentie of filthie
matter cometh forth by the water, there
must needes be much aboue in the kidneyes 
and bladder, wherof the stone may
be ingendred, if there be anye excessiue
heate in the kidneyes and bladder. All
men therefore may plainly see that small
white wine is falslye accused to be a breeder 
of the stone, when as ill diet and the
stopping of ill humors within the bodye,
is the cause thereof, and that wines that 
are hoter and stronger than white and
Rhennish wines be, engender rewmes,
and breede the goute more than the white
small wines do, as it is by places aboue
alleaged, fully prooued.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P D8R>
[}TO WHOM WINE IS ILL, AND VNMETE
AND VERIE HURTFULL.}]
 
   (^Aristotell^) sayeth that wine is neither 
fit for children, nor nurses,
and (^Galen^) counsayleth that children 
shall taste no wine at all:
and woulde, that not euen springoldes
that are full growen, shoulde take wine
but in small quantitie, bicause that it
maketh them fall headlongs into wrath
and into lust of the bodie, and maketh
the reasonable part of the minde dull and
drousie. Wine is ill also for them that
are of a hote burning complexion, and 
haue any inflammation within them in 
their bodies, or haue any burning agues.
It is also generallye ill for them that
haue a great reume and the goute, or eyther
an halfe or hole palsey. The wine
that is menged with (^Gipso^) or with Alibaster,
as Sacke is, hurteth the sinewes,
and maketh y=e= head heauy, & setteth it on 
fier, and is very ill for the bladder. Wine
<P D8V>
that is menged with cute, as our Malmsey
is, fill a mans head and make hym 
drunken, breath out more hardlye, and
trouble the stomache, which wordes I 
iudge, ought to be vnderstanded of such a 
wine, as hath very much cute put into it.

[}TO WHOME AND FOR WHAT PURPOSES
WINE IS GOOD.}]

   The holy scripture sayeth, y=e= wine
maketh the hart of man merie,
and that it is good to be taken of
them that haue a weake and a 
feeble stomach, and the .xxxj. chapter of
the Prouerbes hath this saying, O Lamuell,
giue not vnto kings, I say, vnto
kings, wine to drinke of it, or to princes
strong drinke, least they, after they haue
drunken, forget the law that is appointed, 
or ouerthrow the causes of all poore
mens children. Giue strong drinke vnto
them that are condemned to die, and
Wine to them that haue a sorowfull
hart, that after they haue drunken, they
maye forget their pouertie, and remember
<P E1R>
no more their misfortune.
   (^Galen^) in his first booke (\de sanitate tuenda\) ,
sayeth that wine moisteneth and
nourisheth whatsoeuer is before made
drie out of measure, and also swageth
and ouercommeth the sharpenesse of bitter
gall, and furthermore, emptieth out
by sweate, and driueth forth by water.

[}OUT OF DIOSCORIDES .XJ. CHAPTER
OF THE FIFT BOOKE.}]

   Generally euery wine not mixed,
and is only simple of himselfe,
and is of nature in taste soure
and binding, maketh hote, is easily
conueyed into the bodie, it is good for
the stomache, it maketh a man haue an
appetite, it norisheth and maketh a man 
sleepe, strengthneth and maketh a good
color, and if it be plenteouslye drunken,
helpeth them that haue taken Hemlocke,
or Coriander, or the poison called Pharicum,
or y=e= poison called Iria or Opium,
which is the iuice of Poppy, or Litharge,
or Eugh, or Wolfes bayne, or choking
mushromes, or todestooles. It is also
<P E1V>
good against al the bitings and stingings
of all creeping beastes, which after they 
haue stinged or bitten, kill a man with
colde, or ouerthrowe the stomach. It is
good for the long continuaunce of windinesse 
of the midrife, and against the bitings 
of the stomach, and hitchcocke or
yesking, and against bending or stretching
out of the stomach, and against the 
flowing of the guttes and bellye. Wine
is also good to them that sweate much,
and are made faint with to much sweating,
and especiallie such as is white, olde
and well smelling. Hitherto (^Dioscorides^) .
Whose words when as he speaketh
of the holesomnesse of wines against poisons,
and the bitings and stingings of 
venemous beastes, must be vnderstanded
of Muscadine, Sack, Malmesey and Bastarde, 
and such hote wines which by reason
of their heate, enter farther into the
body, and more speedily, and are better against
cold poisons tha~ colder wines be.



<B CESCIE1A>
<Q E1 EX SCIM VICARY>
<N ANATOMY>
<A VICARY THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE MEDICINE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^VICARY, THOMAS.
THE ANATOMIE OF THE BODIE OF MAN (1548).
PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 53.
ED. F. J. FURNIVALL AND P. FURNIVALL.
LONDON, 1888.
PP. 28.13 - 35.11   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 54.24 - 71.7    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 28>
[} [\CHAPTER IV\] }]

[}IN THIS CHAPTER IS DECLARED
THE FIUE THINGES CONTEYNED
WITHIN THE HEAD.}]

   Next vnder the bones of the head withinfoorth,
the first thing that appeareth is Duramater; then
is Piamater; then the substaunce of the Brayne; and
then Vermy-formes and (\Retemirabile\) . But first to
speake of Duramater, whereof and howe it is sprong
and made: First, it is to be noted of the Veine and
<P 29>
Arteire that was spoken of in the laste Chapter before,
howe priuyly they entred through the commissoris or
seames of the head, and there, by their vnion together,
they doo not onely bring and geue the spirite of lyfe
and nutriment, but also doo weaue them selues so togeather,
that they make this pannicle Duramater. It
is holden vp by certayne threedes of him selfe comming
through the sayd commissories, running into Pericranium
or pannicle that couereth the bones of the head.
And with the foresayde Veyne and Arteire, and these
threedes comming from Duramater, is wouen and made
this Pericranium. Also, why this panicle Duramater
is set from the skul, I note two causes: the first
is, that if the Duramater shoulde haue touched the
skul, it shoulde lightly haue bene hurt with the
hardnes of the bone: The seconde cause is, that the
matter that commeth of woundes made in the head
pearsing the skul, shoulde by it the better be defended
and kepte from Piamater, and hurting of the brayne.
   And next vnto this panicle there is another pannicle
called (^Pia mater^) , or meeke mother, because it is so
softe and tender vnto the brayne. Of whose creation
it is to be noted as of Duramater, for the original of
their fyrst creation is of one kind, both from the Hart
and the Lyuer, and is mother of the very substaunce of
the brayne. Why it is called Piamater, is, for because
it is so softe and tender ouer the brayne, that it nourisheth
the brayne and feedeth it, as doth a louing
mother vnto her tender childe or babe; for it is not so
tough and harde as is Duramater. In this panicle Pia
mater, is much to be noted of the great number of
<P 30>
Veynes and Arteirs that are planted, ramefying throughout
al his substaunce, geuing to the brayne both spirite
and lyfe. And this Pannicle doth circumuolue or lappe
al the substaunce of the brayne:  and in some places of
the brayne the Veynes and the Arteirs goo foorth of
him, and enter into the diuisions of the brayne, and
there drinketh of the brayne substaunce into them,
asking of the hart to them the spirite of lyfe or breath,
and of the Lyuer, nutriment. And the aforesayde
spirite or breath taketh a further digestion, and there
it is made animal; by the elaboration of the spirite
vital, is turned and made animall. Furthermore, why
there bee moo pannicles ouer the brayne then one, is
this: If there had beene but one pannicle onely, eyther
it must haue beene harde, or soft, or meane betweene
both. If it had beene harde, it should haue hurt the
braine by his hardnes: if it had beene soft, it shoulde
haue beene hurt of the harde bone: and yf it had
beene but meanely neyther hard nor soft, it should
haue hurt the braine by his roughnes, and also haue
beene hurte of the harde bone. Therefore God and
nature haue ordeyned two Pannicles, the one harde,
and the other softe: the harder to be a meane betweene
the softe and the bone; and the softer to be a meane
betweene the harder and the braine it selfe. Also
these Pannicles be colde and dry of complexion, and
spermatike.
   Next is the Brayne, of which it is marueylous to
be considered and noted, how this Piamater deuideth
the substaunce of the Brayne, and lappeth it into certen
selles or diuisions, as thus: The substaunce of the
braine is diuided into three partes or ventrikles, of
which the foremost part is the moste: the seconde or
middlemost is lesse: the third or hindermost is the
least. And from eche one to other be issues or passages
<P 31>
that are called (^Meates^) , through whom passeth
the spirit of life too and fro. But here ye shal note
that euery Ventrikle is diuided into two partes; and in
euery parte God hath ordeyned and set singular and
seueral vertues, as thus: First, in the foremost Ventrikle
God hath founded and set the common Wittes,
otherwise called the fyue Wittes, as Hearing, Seeing,
Feeling, Smelling, and tasting. And also there is in
one part of this Ventrikle, the vertue that is called
Fantasie, and he taketh al the formes or ordinaunces
that be disposed of the fiue wittes, after the meaning
of sensible thinges: In the other parte of the same
Ventrikle is ordeyned and founded the Imaginatiue
vertue, the whiche receyueth of the common Wittes
the fourme or shape of sensitue thinges, as they were
receyued of the common wittes withoutfoorth, representing
their owne shape and ordinaunces vnto the
memoratiue vertue. In the middest sel or ventrikle
there is founded and ordeyned the Cogitatiue or estimatiue
vertue: for he rehearseth, sheweth, declareth, and
deemeth those things that be offered vnto him by the
other that were spoken of before. In the thirde Ventrikle,
and last, there is founded and ordeyned the
vertue Memoratiue: in this place is registred and kept
those things that are done and spoken with the senses,
and keepeth them in his treasurie vnto the putting
foorth of the fyue or common wittes, or orgaynes, or
instrumentes of animal workes, out of whose extremities
or lower partes springeth (\Mynuca\) , or marowe of the
spondels: of whom it shall be spoken of in the Anatomie
of the necke and backe. Furthermore, it is to be
noted that from the foremost Ventrikle of the brayne
springeth seuen payre of sensatiue or feeling senews,
the which be produced to the Eyes, the Eares, the
<P 32>
Nose, the Toung, and to the Stomack, and to diuers
other partes of the body: as it shal be declared in their
anatomies.
   Also it is to bee noted, that aboute the middest
ventrikle is the place of (\Vermiformis\) , with curnelly
fleshe that filleth; and (\Retemirabile\) , or wonderful
caule vnder the Pannicles, is sette or bounded with
Arteirs onely, whiche come from the harte, in the
whyche the vitayle spirite, by his great labour is turned
and made animal. And ye shal vnderstande, that these
two be the best kept partes of al the body; for a man
shal rather dye, then any of these should suffer any
manner of greefes from withoutfoorth; and therefore
God hath set them farre from the hart. Heere I note
the saying of Haly Abbas, of the comming of smal
Arteirs from the hart, of whom (sayth he) is made a
marueylous net or caule, in the which caule is inclosed
the Brayne, and in that place is layde the spirite of
feeling; from that place hath the spirite of feeling his
first creation, and from thence passeth to other members,
&c. Furthermore, ye shal vnderstand that the
brayne is a member colde and moyst of complexion,
thinne, and meanely viscous, and a principal member,
and an official member, and spermatike. And fyrst,
why he is a principal member, is, because he is the
gouernour or the treasurie of the fyue wittes: And why
he is an official member, is, because he hath the effect
of feeling and stering: And why he is colde and moyst,
is, that he shoulde, by his coldnes and moystnes, abate
and temper the exceeding heate and drought that commeth
<P 33>
from the harte: Also, why he is moyst, is, that it
should be the more indifferenter and abler to euery
thing that shoulde be reserued or gotten into him:
Also, why it is soft, is, that it should geue place and
fauour to the vertue of stering: And why it is meanely
viscous, is, that his senewes should be strong and
meanely toughe, and that they shoulde not be letted in
their working throughe his ouermuche hardnes. Heere
Galen demaundeth a question, which is this, Whether
that feeling and mouing bee brought to Nerues by
one or by diuers? or whether the aforesayde thing be
brought substancially or radically. The matter (sayth
he) is so harde to searche and be vnderstoode, that it
were much better to let it alone and passe ouer it.
Aristotle, intreating of the Brayne, sayth: The Brayne
is a member continually mouing and ruling al other
members of the body, geuing vnto them both feeling
and mouing; for if the Brayne be let, al other members
be let: and if the Brayne be wel, then al other
members [{of{] the body be the better disposed. Also
the brayne hath this propertie, that it moueth and followeth
the mouing of the Moone: for in the waxing of
the Moone, the Brayne followeth vpwardes; and in the
wane of the Moone, the brayne discendeth downwardes,
and vanisheth in substaunce of vertue: for then the
Brayne shrinketh togeather in it selfe, and is not so
fully obedient to the spirit of feeling. And this is
proued in menne that be lunatike or madde, and also
in men that be epulentike, or hauing the falling sicknesse,
that be moste greeued in the beginning of the
newe Moone, and in the latter quarter of the Moone.
Wherefore (sayth Aristotle) when it happeneth that
the Brayne is eyther too drye or too moyst, then can it
not worke his kinde: for then is the body made colde:
then are the spirites of lyfe melted and resolued away:
<P 34>
and then foloweth feebleness of the wittes, and of al
other members of the body, and at the laste death.

[} [\CHAPTER V.\] }]

[}HEEREAFTER FOLOWETH THE
ANATOMIE OF THE FACE.}]

   The Front or the Forhead conteyneth nothing
but the Skinne and Musculus fleshe, for the
panicle vnderneth it is of Pericranium, and
the bone is of the Coronal bone. Howebeit there
it is made broade, as yf ther were a double bone,
whiche maketh the forme of the Browes. It is called
the Forhead or Front, from one Eare to the other, and
from the rootes of the Eares of the head before, vnto y=e=
browes. But the cause why the Browes were set and
reared vp, was, that they shoulde defende the Eyes from
noyaunce withoutfoorth: And they be ordeyned with
heare, to put by the humour or sweat that cometh from
the head. Also the Browes do helpe the Eyeliddes,
and do beautifie and make fayre the face; for he that
hath not his Browes heyred, is not seemely. And Aristotle
sayth, that ouer measurable Browes betokeneth
an enuious man: Also high browes and thicke betokeneth
hardnes: and browes with little heare betokeneth 
cowardnes: and meanly, signifieth gentlenes
of hart. Incisions about these partes ought to be done
according to the length of the body, for there the
Muscle goeth from one Eare to the other. And there, 
if any incision should be made with the lenght of the
Muscle, it might happen the Browe to hang ouer the
Eye without remedie, as it is many times seene, the
<P 35>
more pitie! The browes be called (\Supercilium\) in
Latin; and vnder, is the Eye liddes, which is called
(\Cilium\) , and is garnished with heyres. Two causes I
finde why the eye-liddes were ordeyned: The fyrst is,
that they shoulde keepe and defende the Eye from
duste and other outwarde noyances: the seconde is,
when the eye is weery or heauy, then they should be
couered, and take rest vnderneath them. Why the
heyres were ordeyned in them, is, that by them is
addressed the formes or similitudes of visible thinges
vnto the apple of the eye. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 54>
   The Brest or (\Thorax\) is the Arke or Chest of the
spiritual members of man, as sayth the Philosopher:
where it is to be noted, that there be foure thinges
conteyning, and eyght conteyned, as thus: The foure
conteyning are, the Skinne, Musculus fleshe, the
<P 55>
Pappes, and the Bones: The partes conteyned are,
the Hart, the Lunges, Panikles, Ligamentes, Nerues,
Veines, Arteirs, Mire or Isofagus. Nowe the skinne
and the fleshe are knowen in their Anatomie. It is to
be noted, that the fleshe of the Pappes differeth from
the other fleshe of the body, for it is white, glandulus,
& spongeous: and there is in them, both Nerues,
Veines and Arteirs; and by them they haue (\Coliganes\)
with the hart, the lyuer, the brayne, and the generatiue
members. Also there is in the brest, as old Authors
make mention, lxxx. or .xc. Muskles; for some of
them be common to the necke, some to the shoulders,
and to the spades, some to Diafragma or y=e=
Mydriffe, some to the Ribbes, some to the Backe, &
some to the brest it selfe. But I fynde certayne
profitablenes in the creation of y=e= Paps, aswel in man
as in woman: for in man it defendeth the spirituals
from annoyannce outwardly: and another, by their
thicknes they comfort the natural heate in defience of
the spirites. And in women there is the generation of
milke: for in women there commeth from the Matrix
into their Brestes manye Veines which bring into
them menstrual blood, the whiche is turned (through
the digestiue vertue) from red colour into white, like
the colour of the Pappes, euen as Chylley comming
from the stomocke to the Lyuer is turned into the
colour of the Lyuer.
    Nowe to speake of the bones of the Brest: They
be sayde to be triple or threefolde; and they be
numbred to be seuen in the Brest before; and their
length is according to the breadth of the brest; and
their extremities or endes be grystlie, as the ribbes be.
<P 56>
And in the vpper ende of (\Thorax\) is an hole or a
concauitie, in which is set the foote of the Furklebone,
or Canel bone; and in the nether ende of (\Thorax\) ,
agaynst y=e= mouth of the stomacke, hangeth a gristle
called (\Ensiforme\) : and this grystle was ordeyned for
two causes: One is, that it shuld defende the stomacke
from hurte outwardly: The seconde is, that in time of
fulnes it should geue place to the stomacke in time of
neede when it desireth, &c.
   Nowe to speake of the parts of the backe behindefoorth:
There be .xij. Spondels, through whom passeth
(\Mynuca\) , of whom springeth .xij. payre of Nerues,
br[{i{]nging both feeling and mouing to the Muscles of
the Brest aforesayde. And here it is to be noted, that
in euery syde there be .xij. Rybbes; that is to say,
 .vij. true, and .v. false, because these .v. be not so
long as the other .vij. be, and therefore be called false
Rybbes, as it may be perceiued by the sighte of
the Eye.
   Likewise of the partes that be inwardly; and fyrst
of the Hart, because he is the principal of al other
members, and the beginning of life: he is set in the
middest of the brest seuerally by him selfe, as Lord
and King of al members. And as a Lorde or King
ought to be serued of his subiectes that haue their
liuing of him, So are al other members of the body
subiectes to the Hart, for they receyue their liuing
of him, and they doo seruice many wayes vnto him
agayne. The substaunce of the Hart is, as it were,
<P 57>
Lazartus fleshe; but it is spermatike, and an official
member, and the beginning of life; and he geueth to
euery member of the body both blood of life, and
spirite of breath and heate: for if the Hart were of
Lazartus fleshe, his mouing and steering should be
voluntarie, and not natural; but the contrarie is true,
for it were impossible that the Hart should be ruled
by Wyl onely, and not by nature. The Harte hath
the shape and forme of a Pyneapple; and the brode
ende thereof is vpwardes, and the sharpe ende is
downewardes, depending a little towardes the left
side. And here it is to be noted, that the Hart hath
blood in his substaunce, whereas al other members
haue it but in their Veines & Arteirs: also the hart is
bounde with certayne Ligamentes to the backepart of
the brest, but these Lygamentes touche not the
substaunce of the Hart, but in the ouerpart they
spring foorth of him, and is fastened, as is aforesayde.
Furthermore, the Hart hath two Ventrikles or concauities,
and the left is hyer then the right; and the
cause of this holownesse is this, for to keepe the bloud
for his nourishing, and the ayre to abate and temper
the great heate that he is in, the which is kept in his
concauities. Nowe here it is to be noted, that to the
right Ventrikle of the harte commeth a veyne from the
great veyne called (\Venakelis\) , that receyueth al the
<P 58>
substaunce of the blood from the Lyuer. And this
veine that commeth from (\Venakelis\) , entreth into the
hart at the right Ventrikle, as I sayde before; and in
him is brought a great portion of the thickest blood to
nourishe the Hart with; & the residue that is left of
this, is made subtil through the vertue of the hart;
and then this blood is sent into a concauitie or pytte in
the myddest of the Harte betweene the two Ventrikles,
and therein it is made hote and pured; and then it
passeth into the left Ventrikle, and there is ingendred
in it a spirit that is clearer, brighter, and subtiller then
any corporal or bodely thing that is ingendred of the
foure Elementes; For it is a thing that is a meane betweene 
the body and the soule. Wherfore it is likened
of the Philosophers, to be more liker heauenly thinges
then earthly thinges. Also it is to be noted, that from
the left Ventrikle of the Hart springeth two Arteirs:
The one hauing but one cote, and therefore it is called
(\Arterea venalis\) : and this Arteir carieth blood from the
Hart to the Lungs, the which Blood is vaporous, that
is tried and left of the Harte, and is brought by this
Artery to the Lunges, to geue hym nutriment: and
there he receyueth of the Lunges ayre, and bringeth it
to the hart to refreshe him with. Wherefore Galen
<P 59>
sayth, that he fyndeth  that mans harte is natural and
frendly to the Lungs, for he geueth him of his owne
nutrimental to nourishe him with; and the Lunges
rewarde him with ayre to refreshe him with agayne,
&c. The other Arterye that hath two cotes, is called
(\vena Arterialis\) , or the great Artery that ascendeth and
dissendeth; and of him springeth al the other Arteirs
that spreade to euery member of the body, for by him
is vnified and quickneth al the members of the body.
For the spirite that is reteyned in them, is the instrument
or treasure of al the vertue of the soule. And
thus it passeth vntil it come to the Brayne; & there
he is turned into a further digestion, and there he
taketh another spirite, and so is made animal, and at
the Lyuer nutrimental, and at the Testikles generatiue;
and thus it is made a spirite of euery kinde, so that he,
beeing meane of al maner of operations and workinges, 
taketh effect. Two causes I fynde why these
Arteirs haue two cotes: One is, that one cote is not
sufficient nor able to withstande the violent mouing
and steering of the spirite of lyfe that is caryed in
them: The seconde cause is, that the thing that is
caried about from place to place, is of so precious a
treasure that it had the more neede of good keeping.
And of some Doctors this Arteir is called Pulsatiue
veyne, or the beating veyne: for by him is perceyued
the power & might of the Hart, &c. Wherfore God
and Nature haue ordeyned that the Arteirs should
haue two cotes.
   Also there is in the Harte three Pelikels, opening
and closing the gooing in of the Harte blood and
spirite in conuenient time. Also the Hart hath two
<P 60>
little Eares, by whome commeth in and passeth out
the ayre that is prepared for the Lunges. Also there
is founde in the Hart a (\Cartilaginus auditament\) , to
helpe and strength the selfe Harte. Also the Harte is
couered with a strong Pannikle, which is called of
some, (\Capsula cordeo\) , or (\Pericordium\) , the whiche is a
strong case, vnto whome commeth Nerues, as to other
inwarde members. And this Panicle (\Pericordium\)
springeth of the vpper Pannicle of the Midriffe. And
of him springeth another Panikle, called (\Mediastinum\) ,
the which departeth the Brest in the middest, and
keepeth that the Lunges fal not ouer the Hart. Also
there is an other Pannikle that couereth the Ribbes
inwardly, that is called (\Plura\) , of whom the Midriffe
taketh his beginning. And it is sayde of many
Doctors, that Duramater is the originall of all the
Pannicles within the body: and thus one taketh of
another, &c.

[} [\CHAPTER VIII.\] }]
[}THE ANATOMIE OF THE
LUNGES.}]  

   The Lunges is a member spermatike of his fyrst
creation; and his natural complexion is colde and
dry; and in his accidental complexion he is colde
<P 61>
and moyste, lapped in a Nerueous Pannikle, bicause
it should gather togeather the softer substaunce of
the Lunges, and that the Lunges might feele by the
meanes of the Pannicle, that whiche he might not feele
in himselfe. Nowe to proue the Lunges to be colde
and drye of kinde, it appeareth by hys swift steering,
for he lyeth euer wauing ouer the hart, and about the
harte. And that he is colde and moyst in rewarde, it
appeareth wel, that he receyueth of the brayne many
cold matters, as Cataries, and Rumes, whose substaunce
is thinne. Also I fynde in the Lunges, three kinds of
substaunce: One is a Veyne comming from the Liuer,
bringing with him the Crude or rawe parte of the
Chylle to feede the Lunges: Another is (\Arterea venalis\) ,
comming from the hart, bringing with him the spirite
of lyfe to nourishe him with: The third is (\Trachia
arteria\) , that bringeth in ayre to the Lunges; and it
passeth through al the left part of them to doo his
office. The Lunges is deuided into fiue Lobbes or
Pellikels, or fiue portions, that is to say, three in the
right side, and two in the left side. And it was done
for this cause, that if there fel any hurt in the one part,
the others shoulde serue and doo their office. And
three causes I finde why the Lunges were principally
ordeyned: First, that they should drawe colde winde,
and refreshe the hart: The seconde, that they shoulde
<P 62>
chaunge and alter, and purifie the ayre before it come
to y=e= hart, least the hart were hurte and noyed with the
quantitie of the ayre: The thirde cause is, that they
shoulde receyue from the harte the fumous superfluities
that he putteth foorth with hys breathing, &c.
   Behinde the Lunges, towarde the Spondels, passeth
Mire or Isofagus, of whom it is spoken of in the
Anatomie of the necke. And also there passeth both
Veynes and Arteirs; and al these with (\Trachia arteria\)
doo make a Stoke, replete vnto the Gullet with Pannikles,
and strong Lygaments, and Glandulus fleshe
to fulfil the voyde places. And last of al is the
Midriffe; and it is an official member, made of two
Pannikles, and Lazartus flesh; and his place is in the
middest of the body ouerthwart or in bredth vnder
the region of the spirituall members, departing them
from the matrix. And three causes I finde why the
Midriffe was ordeyned: First, that it should diuide the
spirituals from the nutrates: The seconde, that it
should keepe the vital colour or heate to dissende
downe to the nutrates: The last is, that the malicious
fumes reared vp from the nutrates, should not noye the
spirituals or vytals, &c.
   The wombe is the region or the citie of al the
Intrils; the whiche reacheth from the Midriffe downe
vnto the share inwardly, and outwardly from the
Reynes or Kydnes, downe to the bone Pecten, about
the priuie partes. And thys wombe is compounde and
made of two thinges, that is to say, of (^Syfac^) and           #
(^Myrac^) .
(^Syfac^) is a Pannicle, and a member spermatike, official,
<P 63>
sensible, senowy, compound of subtil Wyl, and in complexion
colde and drye, hauing his beginning at the
inner Pannicle of the Midriffe. And it was ordeyned
because it shoulde conteyne and bind together al the
Intrals, and that he defende the Musculus so that he
oppresse not the natural members. And that he is
strong and tough; it is because he should not be lightly
broken, and that those thinges that are conteyned goo
not foorth, as it happeneth to them that are broken, &c.
   (^Myrac^) is compound and made of foure things, that
is, of skin outwardly, of fatnes, of a carnous pannicle,
and of Musculus fleshe. And that it is to be vnderstanded,
that all the whole from Sifac outwarde, is called
Myrac, it appeareth wel by the wordes of Galen, where
he commaundeth, that in al woundes of the wombe, to
sewe the Sifac with the Myrac; and by that it proueth,
that there is nothing without the Sifac, but Myrac.
And in this Myrac or vtter parte of the wombe, there
is noted eyght Muscles, two Longitudinals, proceeding
from the sheelde of the Stomache vnto (\Os Pecten\) : two
Latitudinales comming from the backe-wardes to the
wombe: and foure Tranuerse, of the which, two of them
spring from the Ribbes on the right side, and go to the
left side, to the bones of the Haunches, or of Pecten: and
the other two spring from the Ribbes on the left syde,
and come ouer the wombe to the righte partes, as the
other before doth. Heere it is to be noted, that by the
<P 64>
vertue of the subtyl wyl that is in the Musculus longitudinal,
is made perfect the vertue attractiue: and by
the musculus Tranuerse is made the vertue retentiue:
and by the musculus Latitudinale is made the vertue
expulsiue. It is thus to be vnderstoode, that by the
vertue attractiue, is drawen downe into the Intrals al
superfluities, both water, wynde, and dyrt: By the
vertue retentiue, all thinges are withholden and kept,
vntil nature haue wrought his kinde: And by the
vertue expulsiue, is put foorth al thinges when Nature
prouoketh any thing to be done. Galen sayth that
woundes or incisions be more perillous in the middest
of the wombe then about the sides, for there the partes
be more tractable, then any other partes be. Also he
sayth, that in wounds persing the womb there shal not
be made good incarnation, except Sifac be sewed with 
Myrac.
   Nowe to come to y=e= parts conteyned within: Fyrst,
that which appeareth next vnder the Sifac is (^Omentum^) ,
or (^Zirbus^) , the which is a pannicle couering the stomacke
and the Intrals, implanted with many Veynes and
Arteirs, and not a little fatnes ordeyned to keepe moyst
the inwarde partes. This Zirbus is an official member,
and is compound of a veyne and an Arteir, the which
entreth and maketh a line of the vtter tunikle of the
stomacke, vnto whiche tunikle hangeth the Zirbus,
and couereth al the guttes downe to the shayre. Two
causes I finde why they were ordeyned: one is, that
they shuld defend y=e= nutratiues outwardly: the seconde
is, that through his owne power & vertue he should
strength and comfort the digestion of al the Nutrates,
because they are more feebler then other members be,
bicause they haue but a thin wombe or skinne, &c.
<P 65>
   Next Zirbus, appeareth the Intrals or guttes, of
which Galen saith, that the Guttes were ordeined in
the fyrst creation to conuey the drosse of the meate
and drinke, & to clense the body of their superfluities.
And here it is to be noted that there be sixe portions
of one whole Gutte, which both in man and beast
beginneth at the nether mouth of the stomacke, and
so continueth foorth to the end of the Fundament.
Neuerthelesse he hath diuers shapes and formes, and
diuers operations in the body; and therfore he hath
diuers names. And here-vpon the Philosophers say,
that y=e= lower wombe of a man is like vnto the wombe
of a swine. And lyke as the stomack hath two
tunikles, in like maner haue al the Guttes two tunikles.
The fyrst portion of the Guttes is called (\Duodenum\) ,
for he is .xij. ynches of length, and couereth the nether
parte of the stomacke, and receyeth al the drosse of
y=e= stomacke: The second portion of the Guttes is
called (\Ieiunium\) , for he is euermore emptie; for to him
lyeth euermore the chest of the Gal, beating him sore,
and draweth forth of him al the drosse, and clenseth
him clene: The .iij. portion of gutte is called (\Yleon\) ,
or final gutte, and is in length .xv. or .xvj. Cubites.
In this gutte oftentimes falleth a disease called (\Yleaca
passio\) . The .iiij. gut is called (\Monoculus\) , or blind
<P 66>
gut; and it seemeth to haue but one hole or mouth;
but it hath two, one neere vnto the other; for by the
one al thinges go in, and by the other they goo out
agayne: The fyfth is called (^Colon^) , and receyeth al the
drosse depriued from al profitablenesse; and therefore
there commeth not to him any veynes Miseraices, as to
the other: The syxte and last is called (^Rectum^) or
(\Longaon\) , and he is ended in the Fundament, and hath
in his nether end foure Muscles, to holde, to open, to
shutte, and to put out, &c. Next is to be noted of
(\Mesenterium\) , the which is nothing else but a texture
of innumerable veynes Miseraices, ramefied of one
veyne called (\Porta epates\) , couered and defended of
Pannicles and Ligamentes comming to the Intrals,
with the backe ful of fatnes and glandulus fleshe, &c.
   The stomacke is a member compound and spermatike,
<P 67>
senowy and sensible; and therein is made perfect
the fyrst digestion of Chile. This is a necessarie member
to al the body; for if it fayle in his working, al the
members of the body shal corrupte. Wherefore Galen
sayth, that the stomacke was ordeyned principally for
two causes: The first, that it shoulde be to al the
members of the body, as y=e= earth is to al that are
ingendred of the earth, that is, that it shoulde desire
sufficient  meate for al the whole body: The seconde
is, that the stomacke should be a sacke or chest to al
the bodie for y=e= meate, and as a Cooke to al the
members of the body. The stomacke is made of two
pannicles, of which the inner is Nerueous, and the
vtter Carneous. This inner pannicle hath musculus
longitudinales that stretcheth along from the stomacke
to the mouth, by the which he draweth to him meate
and drinke, as it were handes. Also he hath Tranuers
wyl, for to withholde or make retention. And also
the vtter pannicle hath Latitudinal wyl, to expulse and
put out; and that by his heate he shoulde helpe the
digestiue vertue of the Stomacke, and by other heates
geuen by his neighbours, as thus: It hath the lyuer
on the right side, chafing & heating him with his lobes
or figures: & the Splen on the left syde, with his fatnes,
and veynes sending to him melancolie, to exercise
his appetites: and aboue him is the Harte, quickening
him with his Arteries: Also the brayne, send to
him a braunche of Nerues to geue him feeling. And
<P 68>
he hath on the hinder parte, dissending of the partes
of the backe, many Lygamentes, with the which he is
bounde to the Spondels of the backe. The forme or
figure of the Stomacke is long, in likenes of a gowrde,
crooked: and that both holes be in the vpper part of
the body of it, is because there should be no going out
of it vnaduisedly of those thinges that are receyued into
it. The quantitie of the stomacke commonly holdeth
two pitchers of water, and it maye suffer many passions;
and the nether mouth of the stomacke is narrower
then the vpper, and that for three causes: the first cause
is, that the vpper receyueth meate great and boystrous
in substaunce, that there beeying made subtile, it might
passe into the nether: The second is, for by him
passeth al the meates, with their chilositie, from the
Stomacke to the Lyuer: The thirde is, for that through
him passeth al the drosse of the Stomacke to the guttes.
And this suffiseth for the Stomacke, &c.
   The Lyuer is a principal member, and official; and
of his first creation, spermatike; complete in quantitie
of blood, of him self insencible, but by accidence he is
sencible, and in him is made the seconde digestion, and
is lapped in a Senowy pannicle. And that he is a
principall member, it appeareth openly by the Philosophers,
by Auicen and Galen. And it is official, as
is the stomacke; and it is of spermatike matter, and
senowy, of the which is ingendred his Veynes. And
because it was little in quantitie, nature hath added to
it cruded blood, to the accomplishment of sufficient
quantity, and is lapped in a senowy pannicle. And
why the Lyuer is cruded, is, because y=e= Chile which
<P 69>
commeth from the stomacke to the Lyuer, should be
turned into the colour of blood. And why the Lyuer
was ordeined, was, because that al the nutrimental
blood shoulde be ingendred in him. The proper place
of the Lyuer is vnder the false Ribbes in the righte
side. The forme of the lyuer is gibbous or bunchy on
the back side, & it is somewhat hollow, like the insyde
of an hande. And why it is so shapen, is, that it
should be plycable to the stomacke, like as a hande
dothe to an apple, to comforte her digestion; for his
heate is to the stomacke as the heate of the fyre is to
the Potte or Cauldron that hangeth ouer it. Also the
Lyuer is bounde with his pellikles to the Diafragma,
and with strong Lygamentes. And also he hath Colyganes
with the Stomack and the Intrals, and with
the Hart and the Raines, the Testicles, and other members.
And there are in hym fiue Pellikles like fiue
fingers. Galen calleth the Lyuer (\Massasanguinaria\) ,         #
conteyning
in it selfe foure substances, Natural and Nutrimental.
The naturals is sent with the blood to all
partes of the body to be ingendred and nourished.
And the nutrimentals be sequestrate, and sent to places
ordeyned for some helpinges. These are the places of
the humors: the blood in the Lyuer, Choler in the
chest of gal, Melancolie to the Splen, Flegme to the
Lunges and the Iunctures, the watery superfluities to
the Reynes and the Vesike. And they goo with y=e=
<P 70>
blood, and sometime they putrifie and make Feuers;
and some be put out to the skin, and be resolued by
sweat, or by skab, by Pushes, or by Impostumes. And
these foure natural humours, that is to say, Sanguin,
Choler, Melancoly, & Fleme, be ingendred and distributed
in this maner: First ye shal vnderstande,
that from the Spermatike matter of the Liuer inwardly,
there is ingendred two greate veynes, of the whiche
the first and the greatest is called (^Porta^) , and commeth
from the concauitie of the Lyuer, of whom springeth
al the smal veynes (^Miseraices^) ; and these (^Miseraices^)
be to (\Vena porta\) as the braunches of a tree be to the
stocke or tree. For some of them be conteyned with
the botome of the stomacke, some wyth (\Duodenum\) ,
some with (\Ieiunium\) , some with (\Yleon\) , & some with
(\Monoculus\) or (\Saccus\) . And from al these guttes they
bring to (\Vena porta\) the succozitie of Chiley gooing
from the stomacke, & distribute it into the substaunce
of the Lyuer. And these veynes (^Miseraices^) be innumerable.
And in these vaynes is begon the seconde
digestion, and ended in the Lyuer, like as is in the
Stomacke the fyrst digestion. So it proueth that
(\Vena porta\) and (\vena Miseraices\) serue to bring al the
succozitie of the meate and drinke that passeth the
Stomacke, to the Liuer, and they spreade them selues
thorough the substaunce of the Liuer inwardly; and al
they stretche towards the gibbos or bowing part of the
Liuer, and there they meete and goe al into one vnitie,
& make the seconde great veine called (\Venakelis\) , or
(\Concaua\) , or (\Vena ramosa\) , al is one; and he with his
rootes draweth out al the blood ingendred from the
<P 71>
Lyuer, and with his braunches ramefying vpwardes
and downewardes, carieth and conueyeth it to al other
members of the body to be nourished with, where is
made perfect the thirde digestion. And also there
goeth from the Lyuer, veines bearing the superfluities
of the thirde digestion to their proper places, as it shal
be declared hereafter. 



<B CESCIE1B> 
<Q E1 EX SCIO RECORD> 
<N GEOMETRY> 
<A RECORD ROBERT> 
<C E1> 
<O 1500-1570> 
<M X> 
<K X> 
<D ENGLISH> 
<V PROSE> 
<T SCIENCE OTHER> 
<G X> 
<F X> 
<W WRITTEN> 
<X MALE> 
<Y 20-40> 
<H PROF> 
<U PROF> 
<E X> 
<J X> 
<I X> 
<Z EXPOS> 
<S SAMPLE X> 
 
 
[^RECORD, ROBERT. 
THE PATH-WAY TO KNOWLEDG, CONTAINING 
THE FIRST PRINCIPLES OF GEOMETRIE, 1551. 
THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 687. 
AMSTERDAM: THEATRUM ORBIS TERRARUM,
LTD. AND NORWOOD, N. J.: W. J. JOHNSON,
INC., 1974 (FACSIMILE).
PP. B1R.1 - C4R.34  (SAMPLE 1) 
PP. E4R.1 - G1R.6   (SAMPLE 2)^] 
 
<S SAMPLE 1> 
<P B1R> 
   (^A touche lyne^) , is a line that runneth a long by the     #
edge 
of a circle, onely touching it, but doth 
not crosse the circumference of it, as in 
this exaumple you maie see. 
   And when that a line doth crosse the 
edg of the circle, the~ is it called (^a cord^) , 
as you shall see anon in the speakynge 
of circles. 
   In the meane season must I not omit 
to declare what angles bee called (^matche corners^) , that is  #
to 
saie, suche as stande directly one against the other, when twoo 
lines be drawen acrosse, as here 
appereth. 
   Where A. and B. are matche corners, 
so are C. and D. but not A. 
and C. nother D. and A. 
   Nowe will I beginne to speak 
of figures, that be properly so called, 
of whiche all be made of diuerse 
lines, except onely a circle, 
an egge forme, and a tunne forme,
which .iij. haue no angle and haue
but one line for their bounde, and an eye fourme whiche is
made of one lyne, and hath an angle onely.
(^A circle^) is a figure made and enclosed with one line, and   #
hath 
in the middell of it a pricke or centre, from whiche all the
lines that be drawen to the circumfernece are equall all in
length, as here you see.
   And the line that encloseth the
whole compasse, is called the 
(^circumference^) .
   And all the lines that bee drawen
crosse the circle, and goe by the centre,
are named (^diameters^) , whose halfe, I
meane from the center to the circumference
<P B1V>
any waie, is called the (^semidiameter^) , or (^halfe
diameter^) .
   But and if the line goe crosse the circle,
and passe beside the centre, then is
it called (^a corde^) , or (^a stryng line^) ,
as I said before, and as this exaumple
sheweth: where A. if the corde.
And the compassed line that aunswereth
to it, is called (^an arche lyne^) , or
(^a bowe lyne^) , whiche here is marked 
with B. and the diameter with C.
   But and if that 
part be separate 
from the rest of 
the circle (as in
this exa~ple you
see) then ar both
partes called ca~telles,
the one
the (^greatter cantle^) , as E. and the other the (^lesser      #
cantle^) ,
as D. And if it be parted iuste by the centre (as you see in    #
F.)
then is it called a (^semicircle^) , or (^halfe compasse^) .
   Sometimes it happeneth that a cantle is cutte out with two
lynes drawen from the centre to the circumference (as G. is)
and then maie it be called a (^nooke cantle^) ,
and if it be not parted from the reste
of the circle (as you see in H.) then is it 
called a (^nooke^) plainely without any
addicion. And the compassed lyne in it
is called an (^arche lyne^) , as the exaumple
here doeth shewe.
<P B2R>
  Nowe haue you heard as touchyng
circles, meetely sufficient instruction,
so that it should seme nedeles to speake
any more of figures in that kynde, saue
that there doeth yet remaine ij. formes
of an imperfecte circle, for it is lyke a
circle that were brused, and thereby
did runne out endelong one waie, whiche
forme Geometricians dooe call an
(^egge forme^) , because it doeth
represent the figure and shape of
an egge duely proportioned (as
this figure sheweth) hauyng the
one ende greater then the other.
   For if it be lyke the figure of a circle pressed in length,  #
and
bothe endes lyke bygge, then is it called a (^tunne forme^) ,   #
or
(^barrell forme^) , the right makyng of whiche figures, I wyll
declare hereafter in the thirde booke.
   An other forme there is, whiche you maie call a nutte forme,
and is made of one lyne muche lyke an egge forme, saue that it 
hath a sharpe angle.
   And it chaunceth sometyme that there is a right line drawen
crosse these figures, and that is called an (^axelyne^) , or    #
(^axtre^) .
Howebeit properly that line that is called an (^axtre^) ,
whiche gooeth thoroughe the myddell of a Globe, for as a
diameter is in a circle, so is an axe lyne or axtre in a Globe,
<P B2V>
that lyne that goeth from side to syde, and passeth by the      #
middell 
of it. And the two poyntes that suche a lyne maketh in
the vtter bounde or platte of the globe, are named (^polis^) ,  #
w=ch=
you may call aptly in englysh, (^tourne pointes^) : of whiche I
do more largely intreate, in the booke that I haue written of
the vse of the globe.
   But to returne to the diuersityes of figures that remayne
vndeclared, the most simple of them ar such ones as be made
but of two lynes, as are the (^cantle of a circle^) , and the   #
(^halfe
circle^) , of which I haue spoken allready. Likewyse the        #
(^halfe
of an egge forme^) , the (^cantle of an egge forme^) , the      #
(^halfe
of a tunne fourme^) , and the (^cantle of a tunne fourme^) , 
and besyde these a figure moche like to a tunne fourme, saue
that it is sharp couered at both the endes,
and therfore doth consist of twoo
lynes, where a tunne forme is made
of one lyne, and that figure is named
an (^yey fourme^) .
   The nexte kynd of figures are those
that be made of .iij. lynes other be all right lynes, all       #
crooked
lynes, other some right and some crooked. But what fourme
so euer they be of, they are named generally triangles. for     #
(^a triangle^)
is nothinge els to say, but a figure of three corners.
And thys is a generall rule, looke how
many lynes any figure hath, so mannye
corners it hath also, yf it bee a platte
forme, and not a bodye. For a bodye
hath dyuers lynes metyng sometime
in one corner.
   Now to geue you example of triangles,
there is one whiche is all of croked
lynes, and may be taken fur a portio~
of a globe as the figur marked w=t= A
   An other hath two compassed lines
and one right lyne, and is as the portion
of halfe a globe, example of B.
   An other hatht but one compassed
<P B3R>
lyne, and is the quarter of a circle, named a
quadrate, and the ryght lynes make a right corner,
as you se in C. Other lesse then it as you
se D, whose right lines make a sharpe corner,
or greater then a quadrate, as is F, and then 
the right lynes of it do make a blunt corner.
   Also some triangles haue all righte lynes
and they be distincted in sonder by their angles,
or corners. for other their corners bee
all sharpe, as you see in the figure, E. other ij.
sharpe and one right square, as is the figure G
other ij. sharp and one blunt as in the figure H
   There is also an other distinction of the
names of triangles, according to their sides,
whiche other be all equal as in the figure E,
and that the Greekes doo call (\Isopleuron\) ,
and Latine men (\aequilaterium\) : and
in english it may be called a (^threlike
triangle^) , other els two sydes bee equall
and the thyrd vnequall, which
the Greekes call (\Isosceles\) , the Latine
men (\aequicurio\) , and in english
(^tweyleke^) may they be called, as in G,
H, and K. For, they may be of iij. kinds
that is to say, with one square angle, as
is G, or with a blunte corner as H, or
with all in sharpe korners, as you see
in K.
   Further more it may be y=t= they haue
neuer a one syde equall to an other,
and they be in iij kyndes also distinct
lyke the twilekes, as you maye perceaue
by these examples. M. N, and O
where M. hath a right angle, N, A,
blunte angle, and O, all sharpe angles
these the Greekes and latine men do
<P B3V>
cal (\scalena\)
and in englishe 
theye
may be called
(^nouelekes^) ,
for thei
haue no side
equall, or
like lo~g, to ani other in the same figur.
Here it is to be noted, that in a tria~gle
al the angles bee called (^innera~gles^)
except ani side
bee drawenne
forth in lengthe,
for then
is that fourthe
corner caled an
(^vtter corner^) ,
as in this exa~ple
because A, B, is drawen in length, therfore 
the a~gle C, is called an vtter a~gle
   And thus haue I done with tria~guled
figures, and nowe foloweth (^quadrangles^) ,
which are figures of iiij. corners 
and of iiij. lines also, of whiche there
be diuers kindes, but chiefely
v. that is to say, a (^square
quadrate^) , whose sides bee
all equall, and al the angles
square, as you se here in this 
figure Q. The second kind
is called a long square, whose foure corners
be all square, but the sides are not
equall eche to other, yet is euery side
equall to that other that is against it, as
you maye perceaue in this figure R.
<P B4R>
   The thyrd kind is called (^losenges^)
or (^diamondes^) , whose sides bee all equall,
but it hath neuer a square corner,
for two of them be sharpe, and the
other two be blunt, as appeareth in, S.
   The iiij. sorte are like vnto losenges,
saue that they are longer one waye, and
their sides be not equal, yet ther corners
are like the corners of a losing, and therfore 
ar they named (^losengelike^) or (^diamo~dlike^) , 
whose figur is noted with T
Here shal you marke that al those squares
which haue their sides al equal, may
be called also for easy vnderstandinge,
(^likesides^) , as Q. and S. and those that
haue only the contrary sydes equal, as
R. and T. haue, those wyll I call (^likeiammys^) , 
for a difference.
   The fift sorte
doth containe all
other fashions of
foure cornered figurs,
and ar called
of the Grekes (\trapezia\) ,
of Latin me~
(\mensulae\) and of Arabitians, (\helmuariphe\) ,
they may be called in englishe
(^borde formes^) , they haue no syde equall
to an other as these examples shew, neither keepe they
any rate in their corners, and therfore are they counted        #
(^vnruled
formes^) , and the other foure kindes onely are counted
(^ruled formes^) , in the kynde of quadrangles. Of these        #
vnruled
formes ther is no numbre, they are so mannye and so dyuers,
yet by arte they may be changed into other kindes of figures,
and therby be brought to measure and proportion, as
in the thirtene conclusion is partly taught, but more plainly
in my booke of measuring you may see it.
<P B4V>
 And nowe to make an eande of the
dyuers kyndes of figures, there dothe
folowe now figures of .v. sydes, other
v. corners, which we may call (^cinkangles^) , 
whose sydes partlye are all equall
as in A, and those are counted
(^ruled cinkeangles^) . and partlye vnequall
as in, B and they are called (^vnruled^) .
   Likewyse shall you iudge of (^fifeangles^) ,
which haue fixe corners, (^septangles^) ,
which haue seuen angles, and so forth, for as mannye
numbres as there maye be of sydes and angles, so manye diuers

kindes be there of figures, vnto which yow shall geue
names according to the numbre of their sides and angles, of
whiche for this tyme I wyll make an
ende, and wyll sette forthe on example
of a syseangle, which I had almost forgotten,
and that is it, whose vse commeth
often in Geometry, and is called a
(^squire^) , is made of two long squares ioyned
togither, as this example sheweth.
   And thus I make an eand to speake of
platte formes, and will briefelye saye
somwhat touching the figures of (^bodeis^)
which partly haue one platte forme
for their bound, and y=t= iust rou~d
as a (^globe^) hath, or ended long
as in an (^egge^) , and a (^tunne
fourme^) , whose pictures are
these.
   Howebeit you must marke
that I meane not the very figure
of a tunne, when I saye
tunne form, but a figure like 
a tunne, for a (^tune fourme^) ,
<P C1R>
hath but one plat forme, and therfore must needs be round at
the endes, where as (^a tunne^) hath thre platte formes, and is
flatte at eche end, as partly these pictures do shewe.
   (^Bodies of two plattes^) are other cantles or halues of
those other bodies, that haue but one platte forme, or els
they are lyke in fvorme to two such cantles ioyned togither
as this A doth partly eppresse: or els
it is called a (^rounde spire^) , or (^triple
fourme^) , as in this figure is some 
what  expressed
   Nowe of three plattes there are
made certain figures of bodyes, as the
cantels and halues of all bodyes that
haue but ij. plattys, and also the halues
of halfe globys and canteles of
a globe. Lykewyse a rounde piller,
and a spyre made of a rounde spyre,
slytte in ij. partes long ways.
   But as these formes be harde to be iudged by their pycturs,
so I doe entende to passe them ouer with a great number of
other formes of bodyes, which afterwarde shall be set forth
in the boke of Perspectiue, bicause that without perspectiue
knowledge, it is not easy to iudge truly the formes of them in
flatte protacture.
   And thus I make an ende for this tyme, of the definitions
Geometricall, appertayning to this
parte of practise, and the rest wil
I prosecute as cause shall
serue.

<P C1V>
[}SONDRY CONCLUSIONS GEOMETRICAL.}]
[}THE FYRST CONCLVSION.}]
[}TO MAKE A THRELIKE TRIANGLE OR ANY LYNE
MEASURABLE.}]

   Take the iuste
le~gth of the lyne with your co~passe,
and stay the one foot of the compas
in one of the endes of that line, turning
the other vp or doun at your
will, drawyng the arche of a circle
against the
midle of the
line, and doo like wise with the same
co~passe vnaltered, at the other end of
the line, and wher these ij. croked lynes
doth crosse, frome thence drawe a
lyne to echend of your first line, and
there shall appear a threlike triangle
drawen on that line.
(^Example.^)
A.B. is the first line, on which I wold
make the threlike triangle, therfore I
open the compasse as wyde as that line
is long, and draw two arch lines that
mete in C, then from C. I draw ij other
lines one to A, another to B, and than
I haue my purpose.

[}THE. II CONCLVSION.}]
[}IF YOU WIL MAKE A TWILIKE OR
A NOUELIKE TRIANGLE ON ANI CERTAINE
LINE.}]
   Consider fyrst the length that yow will haue the other sides
to containe, and to that length open your compasse, and
<P C2R>
then worke as you did in the threleke triangle, remembryng
this, that in a nouelike triangle you must take ij. lengthes    #
besyde
the fyrste lyne, and draw an arche lyne with one of the~
at the one ende, and with the other at
the other end, the exa~ple is as in the other
before.

[}THE III. CONCL.}]
[}TO DIUIDE AN ANGLE OF RIGHT
LINES INTO IJ. EQUAL PARTES.}]
   First open your compasse as largely as you can, so that it   #
do
not excede the length of the shortest line y=t= incloseth the   #
angle.
Then set one foote of the compasse in the verye point of
the angle and with the other fote draw a compassed arch fro~
the one lyne of the angle to the other,
that arch shall you deuide in halfe, and
the~ draw a line fro~ the a~gle to y=e= middle
of y=e= arch, and so y=e= angle is diuided
into ij. equall partes. (^Example.^)
Let the tria~gle be A.B.C, the~ set I one
foot of y=e= co~passe in B, and with the other
I draw y=e= arch D.E, which I part
into ij. equall parts in F, and the~ draw
a line fro~ B, to F, & so I haue mine inte~t

[}THE IIII. CONCL.}]
[}TO DEUIDE ANY MEASURABLE
LINE INTO IJ. EQUALL PARTES.}]

Open your compasse to the iust le~gth of 
y=e= line. And the~ set one foote steddely at
the one ende of the line, & w=t= the other
fote draw an arch of a circle against y=e=
midle of the line, both ouer it, and also
vnder it, then doo lykewaise
<P C2V>
at the other ende of the line. And marke where those arche
lines do meet crosse waies, and betwene those ij. pricks draw
a line, and it shall cut the first line in two equall portions.
(^Example.^)
   The lyne is A.B. accordyng to which I open the compasse
and make .iiij. arche lines, whiche meete in C. and D, then
drawe I a lyne from C, so haue I my purpose. 
   This conclusion serueth for makyng of quadrates and squires,
beside many other commodities, howebeit it maye bee
don more readylye by this conclusion that foloweth nexte.

[}THE FIFT CONCLVSION.}]
[}TO MAKE A PLUMME LINE OR ANY PRICKE THAT
YOU WILL IN ANY RIGHT LYNE APPOINTED.}]

   Open youre compas so that it be not wyder then from the
pricke appoynted in the line to the shortest ende of the line, 
but rather shorter. Then sette the one foote of the compasse
in the firste pricke appointed, and with the other fote marke
ij. other prickes, one of eche syde of that fyrste, afterwarde
open your compasse to the wydenes of those ij. new prickes,
and draw from them ij. arch
lynes, as you did in the fyrst
conclusion, for making of a 
threlyke tria~gle. then if you
do mark their crossing, and
from it drawe a line to your
fyrste pricke, it shall bee a
iust plum lyne on that place.
(^Example.^)
The lyne is A.B. the prick on 
whiche I shoulde make the plumme lyne, is C. then open I
the compasse as wyde as A, C, and sette one foote in C.
and with the other doo I marke out C.A. and C.B, then open
I the compasse as wide as A.B, and make ij. arch lines which
do crosse in D, and so haue I doone.
   Howebeeit, it happeneth so sommetymes, that the
<P C3R>
pricke on whiche you would make the perpendicular or plum
line, is so nere the eand of your line, that you can not        #
extende
any notable length from it to thone end of the line, and if so  #
be
it then that you maie not drawe your line lenger fro~ that end,
then doth this conclusion require a newe ayde, for the last     #
deuise
will not serue. In suche case therfore shall you dooe thus:
If your line be of any notable length, deuide it into fiue      #
partes.
And if it be not so long that it maie yelde fiue notable        #
partes,
then make an other line at will, and parte it into fiue equall
portio~s: so that thre of those partes maie be found in your    #
line.
Then open your compas as wide as thre of these fiue measures
be, and sette the one foote of the compas in the pricke, where
you would haue the plumme line to lighte (whiche I call the
first pricke,) and with the other foote drawe an arche line
righte ouer the pricke, as you can ayme it: then open youre
compas as wide as all fiue measures be, and set the one foote   #
in
the fourth pricke, and with the other foote draw an other arch
line crosse the first, and where thei two do crosse, thense     #
draw
a line to the poinct where you woulde haue the perpendicular
line to light, and you haue doone.
(^Example.^)
   The line is A.B. and
A. is the prick, on whiche
the perpendicular
line must light. Therfore
I deuide A.B. into fiue
partes equall, then do I
open the compas to the 
widenesse of three partes 
(that is A.D.) and
let one foote staie in A.
and with the other I
make an arche line in C.
Afterwarde I open the
compas as wide as A.B.
<P C3V>
(that is as wide as all fiue partes) and set one foote in the   #
 .iiij.
pricke, which is E, drawyng an arch line with the other foote
in C. also. Then do I draw thence a line vnto A, and so haue
I doone. But and if the line be to shorte to be parted into     #
fiue
partes, I shall deuide it into iij. partes only, as you see     #
the line
F.G, and then make D. and other line (as is K.L.) whiche I
deuide into .v. suche diuisions, as F.G. containeth .iij, then  #
open
I the compaas as wide as .iiij. partes (whiche is K.M.)
and so set I one foote of the compas in F, and with the other I
drawe an arch lyne toward H, then open I the co~pas as wide
as K.L. (that is all .v. partes) and set one foote in G, (that  #
is the
iij. pricke) and with the other I draw an arch line toward H.
also: and where those .ij. arch lines do crosse (whiche is by   #
H.)
thence draw I a line vnto F, and that maketh a very plumbe
line to F.G, as my desire was. The maner of workyng of this
conclusion, is like to the second conclusion, but the reason    #
of it
doth depe~d of the .xlvi. prorosicio~ of y=e= first boke of     #
Euclide.
An other waie yet. set one foote of the compas in the prick, on
whiche you would haue the plumbe line to light, and stretche
forth thother foote toward the longest end of the line, as wide
as you can for the length of the line, and so draw a quarter    #
of a
compas or more, then without stirring of the compas, set one
foote of it in the same line, where as the circular line did    #
begin,
and extend thother in the circular line, settyng a marke where
it doth light, then take half that quantitie
more there vnto, and by that
prick that endeth the last part, draw
a line to the pricke assigned, and it
shall be a perpendicular.
(^Example.^)
  A.B. is the line appointed, to whiche
I must make a perpendicular line
to light in the pricke assigned, which
is A. Therfore doo I set one foote of
the compas in A, and extend the other
vnto D. makyng a part of a circle, 
<P C4R>
more then a quarter, that is D.E. Then do I set one foote
of the compas vnaltered in D, and stretch the other in the      #
circular
line, and it doth light in F, this space betwene D. and F.
I deuide into halfe in the pricke G, whiche halfe I take with
the compas, and set it beyond F. vnto H, and therfore is H. the
point, by whiche the perpendicular line must be drawen, so say
I that the line H.A, is a plumbe line to A.B, as the conclusion
would.

[}THE .VI. CONCLVSION.}]
[}TO DRAWE A STREIGHT LINE FROM ANY PRICKE
THAT IS NOT IN A LINE, AND TO MAKE IT PERPENDICULAR
TO AN OTHER LINE.}]

Open your compas so wide that it may extend somewhat farther,
the~ from the prick to the
line, then sette the one foote of
the compas in the pricke, and
with the other shall you draw
a co~passed line, that shall crosse
that other first line in .ij. places
Now if you deuide that arch
line into .ij. equall partes, and 
from the middell pricke therof
vnto the prick without the
line you drawe a streight line,
it shalbe a plumbe line to that
firste lyne, accordyng to the
conclusion. (^Example.^)
   C. is the appointed pricke, from whiche vnto the line A.B. I
must draw a perpe~dicular. Therfore I open the co~pas so wide,
that it may haue one foote in C, and thother to reach ouer the
line, and with y=t= foote I draw an arch line as you see,       #
betwene
A. and B, which arch line I deuide in the middell in the point
D. Then drawe I a line from C. to D, and it is perpendicular
to the line A.B, accordyng as my desire was. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P E4R>
[}THE XXXIIJ. THEOREME.}]
[}IN ALL RIGHT ANGULED TRIANGLES, THE SQUARE OF
THAT SIDE WHICHE LIETH AGAINST THE RIGHT ANGLE, IS
EQUALL TO THE .IJ. SQUARES OF BOTH THE OTHER SIDES}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]
   
   A.B.C. is a triangle, hauing
a ryght angle in B. Wherfore
it foloweth, that the square of
A.C, (whiche is the side that
lyeth agaynst the right angle)
shall be as muche as the two
squares of A.B. and B.C.
which are the other .ij. sides.
   By the square of any lyne,
you muste vnderstande a figure
made iuste square, hauyng
all his iiij. sydes equall
to that line, whereof it is the square, so is A.C.F, the square
of A.C. Lykewais A.B.D. is the square of A.B. And B.C.E.
is the square of B.C. Now by the numbre of the diuisions in
eche of these squares, may you perceaue not onely what the
square of any line is called, but also that the theoreme is     #
true,
and expressed playnly bothe by lines and numbre. For as you
see, the greatter square (that is A.C.F.) hath fiue diuisions   #
on
eche syde, all equall togyther, and those in the whole square
are twenty and fiue. Nowe in the left square, whiche is
A.B.D. there are but .iij. of those diuisions in one syde, and
that yeldeth nyne in the whole. So lykeways you see in the
meane square A.C.E. in euery syde .iiij. partes, whiche in the
whole amount vnto sixtene. Nowe adde togyther all the
partes of the two lesser squares, that is to saye, sixtene and
nyne, and you perceyue that they make twenty and fiue, whyche
is an equall numbre to the summe of the greatter square.
<P E4V>
   By this theoreme you may vnderstand a redy way to know
the syde of any ryght anguled triangle that is vnknowen, so
that you knowe the lengthe of any two sydes of it. For by
tournynge the two sydes certayne into theyr squares, and so
addynge them togyther, other subtractynge the one from the
other (accordyng as in the vse of these theoremes I haue sette
foorthe) and then fyndynge the roote of the square that         #
remayneth,
which roote (I meane the syde of the square) is the
iuste length of the unknowen syde, whyche is sought for. But
this appertaineth to the thyrde booke, and therefore I wyll
speake no more of it at this tyme.

[}THE XXXIIIJ. THEOREME.}]
[}IF SO BE IT, THAT IN ANY TRIANGLE, THE SQUARE
OF THE ONE SYDE BE EQUALL TO THE .IJ. SQUARES OF
THE OTHER IJ. SIDES, THAN MUST NEDES THAT CORNER
BE A RIGHT CORNER, WHICH IS CONTEINED BETWENE
THOSE TWO LESSER SYDES.}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]
   
   As in the figure of the laste Theoreme, bicause A.C, made
in square, is as much as the square of A.B, and also as the     #
square
of B.C. ioyned bothe togyther, therefore the angle that is      #
inclosed
betwene those .ij.  lesser lynes, A.B. and B.C. (that is
to say) the angle B. whiche lieth against the line A.C, must    #
nedes
be a ryght angle. This teoreme dothe so depende of the
truthe of the laste, that whan you perceaue the truthe of the 
one, you can not iustly doubt of the others truthe, for they
conteine one sentence, contrary waies pronounced.

[}THE .XXXV. THEOREME.}]
[}IF THERE BE SET FORTH .IJ. RIGHT LINES, AND ONE
OF THEM PARTED INTO SUNDRY PARTES, HOW MANY
<P F1R>
OR FEW SO EUER THEY BE, THE SQUARE THAT IS MADE
OF THOSE IJ. RIGHT LINES PROPOSED, IS EQUALL TO ALL
THE SQUARES, THAT ARE MADE OF THE VNDIUIDED
LINE, AND EUERY PARTE OF THE DIUIDED LINE.}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]

   The ij. lines proposed ar A
B. and C.D, and the lyne A.B.
is deuided into thre partes by
E. and F. Now saith this theoreme,
that the square that is
made of those two whole lines
A.B. and C.D, so that the 
line A.B. sta~deth for the le~gth 
of the square, and the other 
line C.D. for the bredth of the same. That square (I say) will  #
be
equall to all the squares that be made, of the vndiueded lyne
(which is C.D.) and euery portion of the diueded line. And to
declare that particularly, Fyrst I make an other line G.K,      #
equall
to the line C.D, and the line G.H. to be equal to the line
A.B, and to bee diuided into iij. like partes, so that G.M. is  #
equall
to A.E, and M.N. equal to E.F, and then muste N.H. 
nedes remaine  equall to F.B. Then of those ij. lines G.K,      #
vndeuided,
and G.H. which is deuided, I make a square, that is
G.H.K.L, In which square if I drawe crosse lines frome one 
side to the other, according to the diuisions of the line G.H,
then will it appear plaine, that the theoreme doth affirme. For
the first square G.M.O.K, must needes be equal to the square
of the line C.D, and the first portio~ of the diuided line,     #
which
is A.E, for bicause their sides are equall. And so the seconde
<P F1V>
square that is M.N.P.O, shall be equall to the square of C.D,
and the second part of A.B, that is E.F. Also the third square
which is N.H.L.P, must of necessitee be equal to the square 
of C.D, and F.B, bicause those lines be so coupeled that euery
couple are equall in the seuerall figures. And so shal you not
only in this example, but in all other finde it true, that if   #
one
line be deuided into sondry partes, and another line whole
and vndiuided, matched with him in a square, that square
which is made of these two whole lines, is as muche iuste and
equally, as all the seuerall squares, whiche bee made of the 
whole line vndiuided, and euery part seuerally of the diuided
line.

[}THE XXXVI. THEOREME.}]

[}IF A RIGHT LINE BE PARTED INTO IJ. PARTES, AS
CHAUNCE MAY HAPPE, THE SQUARE THAT IS MADE OF
THAT WHOLE LINE, IS EQUALL TO BOTHE THE SQUARES
THAT ARE MADE OF THE SAME LINE, AND THE TWOO
PARTES OF IT SEUERALLY.}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]

   The line propouned beyng A.B. and deuided, as chaunce        #
happeneth,
in C. into ij. unequall partes,
I say that the square made of the hole
line A.B, is equal to the two squares
made of the same line with the twoo
partes of it selfe, as with A.C, and
with C.B, for the square D,E.F.G.
is equal to the two other partial squares
of D.H.K.G and  H.E.F.K, but
that the greater square is equall to the
square of the whole line A.B, and the
<P F2R>
partiall squares equall to the squares of the second partes of
the same line ioyned with the whole line, your eye may iudg
without muche declaracion, so that I shall not neede to make
more exposition therof, but that you may examine it, as you
did in the laste Theoreme.

[}THE XXXVIJ THEOREME.}]

[}IF A RIGHT LINE BE DEUIDED BY CHAUNCE, AS IT
MAYE HAPPEN, THE SQUARE THAT IS MADE OF THE
WHOLE LINE, AND ONE OF THE PARTES OF IT WHICH
SOEUER IT BE, SHAL BE EQUALL TO THAT SQUARE THAT IS
MADE OF THE IJ. PARTES IOYNED TOGITHER, AND TO
AN OTHER SQUARE MADE OF THAT PART, WHICH WAS
BEFORE IOYNED WITH THE WHOLE LINE.}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]

   The line A.B. is deuided
in C. into twoo
partes, though not equally, of which two
partes for an example 
I take the first, that is
A.C, and of it I make 
one side of a square,
as for example D.G.
accomptinge those two lines to be equall, the other side of the
square is D.E, whiche is equall to the whole line A.B.
Now may it appeare, to your eye, that the great square made
of the whole line A.B, and of one of his partes that is A.C,
<P F2V>
(which is equall with D.G.) is equal to two partiall squares,
wherof the one is made of the saide greatter portion A.C, in
as muche as not only D.G, beynge one of his sides, but also D.
H. beinge the other side, are eche of them equall to A.C. The
second square is H.E.F.K, in which the one side H.E, is equal
to C.B, being the lesser parte of the line, A.B, and E.F. is    #
equall
to A.C. which is the greater parte of the same line. So
that those two squares D.H.K.G, and H,E,F,K, bee bothe of
them no more then the greate square D.E,F,G, accordinge to
the wordes of the Theoreme afore saide.

[}THE XXXVIIJ. THEOREME.}]

[}IF A RIGHTE LINE BE DEUIDED BY CHAUNCE, INTO
PARTES, THE SQUARE THAT IS MADE OF THAT WHOLE
LINE, IS EQUALL TO BOTH THE SQUARES THAT AR MADE
OF ECHE PARTE OF THE LINE, AND MOREOUER TO TWO
SQUARES MADE OF THE ONE PORTION OF THE DIUIDED
LINE IOYNED WITH THE OTHER IN SQUARE.}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]

Lette the diuided line bee A,B,
and parted in C, into twoo partes:
Nowe saithe the Theoreme, that
the square of the whole lyne A,B,
is as mouche iuste as the square
of A.C, and the square of C.B., eche
by it selfe, and more ouer as
muche twise, as A.C. and C.B.
<P F3R>
ioyned in one square will make. For as you se, the great square
D.E.F.G, conteyneth in hym foure lesser squares, of whiche
the first and the greatest is N.M.F.K, and is equall to the
square of the lyne A.C. The second square is the lest of them 
all, that is D.H.L.N, and it is equall to the square of the
line B.C. Then are there two other longe squares both of one
bygnes, that is H.E.N.M. and L.N.G.K, eche of them both
hauyng .ij. sides equall to A.C, the longer parte of the        #
diuided
line, and there other two sides equall to C.B, beeyng the
shorter parte of the said line A.B.
   So is that greatest square beeyng made of the hole lyne A.
B, equal to the ij. squares of eche of his partes seuerally,    #
and
more by as muche iust as .ij. longe squares, made of the        #
longer 
portion of the diuided lyne ioyned in square with the
shorter parte of the same diuided line as the theoreme wold.
And as here I haue put an example of a lyne diuided into .ij.
partes, so the theoreme is true of all diuided lines, of what
number so euer the partes be, foure, fyue, or syxe. etc.
   This theoreme hath great vse not only in geometrie, but also
in arithmetike, as herafter I will declare in conuenient place

[}THE .XXXIX. THEOREME}]

[}IF A RIGHT LINE BE DEUIDED INTO TWO EQUALL PARTES,
AND ONE OF THESE .IJ. PARTES DIUIDED AGAYN
INTO TWO OTHER PARTES, AS HAPPENETH THE LONGE
SQUARE THAT IS MADE OF THE THYRD OR LATER PART
OF THAT DIUIDED LINE, WITH THE RESIDUE OF THE
SAME LINE, AND THE SQUARE OF THE MYDLEMOSTE
PARTE, ARE BOTHE TOGITHER EQUALL TO THE SQUARE 
OF HALFE THE FIRSTE LINE.}]
<P F3V>
[}EXAMPLE.}]

   The line A.B. is diuided into
ij. equal partes in C, and
that parte C.B. is diuided agayne as hapneth
in D. Wherfere saith the
Theorem that the long
square made of D.B.
and A.D, with the square
of C.D. (which is the
mydle portion) shall bothe be equall to the square of half the
lyne A.B, that is to saye, to the square of A.C, or els of C.
D, which make all one. The long square F.G.N.O. whiche is
the longe square that the theoreme speaketh of, is made of      #
 .ij. 
long squares, wherof the fyrst is F.G.M.K, and the seconde
is K.N.O.M. The square of the myddle portion is L.M.
O.P. And the square of the halfe of the fyrste lyne is E.K.
Q.L. Nowe by the theoreme, that longe square F.G.M.
O, with the iuste square L.M.O.P, muste bee equall to the
greate square E.K.Q.L, whyche thynge  bycause it seemeth
somewhat difficult to vnderstande, althoughe I intende not
here to make demonstrations of the Theoremes, bycause it
is appoynted to be done in the newe edition of Euclide, yet I
wyll shew you brefely how the equalitee of the partes doth
stande. And fyrst I say, that where the comparyson of equalitee
is made betweene the greate square (whiche is made of
halfe the line A.B.) and two other, where of the fyrst is the
longe square F.G.N.O, and the seconde is the full square L.
M.O.P, which is one portion of the great square allredye,
and so is that longe square K.N.M.O, beynge a parcell also
of the longe square F.G.N.O, Wherfore as those two partes 
are common to bothe partes compared in equalitee, and
therfore beynge bothe abated from eche parte, if the reste of
bothe the other partes bee equall, than were those whole partes
equall before: Nowe the reste of the great square, those
<P F4R>
two lesser squares beyng taken away is that longe square E.
N.P.Q, whyche is equall to the long square F.G.K.M, beyng 
the rest of the other parte. And that they two be equall,
theyr sydes doo declare. For the longest lynes that is F.K and
E.Q are equall, and so are the shorter lynes, F.G, and E.N, 
and so appereth the truthe of the Theoreme.

[}THE .XL. THEOREME.}]

[}IF A RIGHT LINE BE DIUIDED INTO .IJ. EUEN PARTES,
AND AN OTHER RIGHT LINE ANNEXED TO ONE ENDE
OF THAT LINE, SO THAT IT MAKE ONE RIGHTE LINE
WITH THE FIRSTE. THE LONGE SQUARE THAT IS MADE 
OF THIS WHOLE LINE SO AUGMENTED, AND THE PORTION
THAT IS ADDED WITH THE SQUARE  OF HALFE THE
RIGHT LINE, SHALL BE EQUALL TO THE SQUARE OF THAT
LINE, WHICHE IS CONPOUNDED OF HALFE THE FIRSTE
LINE, AND THE PARTE NEWLY ADDED.}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]

   The fyrst lyne propouned is
A.B, and it is diuided into
ij. equall partes in C, and an
other ryght lyne, I meane
B.D. annexed to one ende
of the fyrste lyne.
Nowe say I, that the long
square A.D.M.K, is made
of the whole lyne so augme~ted,
that is A.D, and the portio~ annexed, y=t= is D.M. for D.M
is equall to B.D, wherfore y=t= long square A.D.M.K, with the
<P F4V>
square of halfe the first line, that is E.G.H.L, is equall to   #
the
great square E.F.D.C. whiche square is made of the line C.
D. that is to saie, of a line compounded of halfe the first     #
line,
beyng C.B, and the portion annexed, that is B.D. And it is
easyly perceaued, if you consyder that the longe square A.C.
L.K. (whiche onely is lefte out of the great square) hath       #
another
longe square equall to hym, and to supply his steede
in the great square, and that is G,F.M.H. For they sydes be 
of lyke lines in length.

[}THE XLI. THEOREME.}]

[}IF A RIGHT LINE BE DIUIDED BY CHAUNCE, THE 
SQUARE OF THE SAME WHOLE LINE, AND THE SQUARE
OF ONE OF HIS PARTES ARE IUSTE EQUALL TO THE LO~G
SQUARE OF THE WHOLE LINE, AND THE SAYDE PARTE
TWISE TAKEN, AND MORE OUER TO THE SQUARE OF
THE OTHER PARTE OF THE SAYD LINE.}]

[}EXAMPLE.}]

   A.B. is the line diuided in C. And 
D.E.F.G, is the square of the whole 
line, D.H.K.M. is the square of
the lesser portion (whyche I take
for an example) and therfore must bee
twise reckened. Nowe I saye that
those ij. squares are equall to two 
longe squares of the whole line A.
B, and his sayd portion A.C, and also
to the square of the other portion
of the sayd first line, whiche portion
is C.B, and his square K.N.F.L In this theoreme there is
no difficultie, if you co~syder that the litle square D.H.K.M.
is iiij. tymes reckened, that is to say, fyrst of all as a      #
parte of
the greatest square, whiche is D.E.F.G. Secondly he is rekned
<P G1R>
by him selfe. Thirdely he is accompted as parcell of the long
square D.E.N.M, And fourthly he is taken as a part of the       #
other
long square D.H.L.G, so that in as muche as he is twise
reckened in one part of the compariso~ of equalitee, and twise 
also in the second parte, there can rise none occasion of       #
errour
or doubtfulnes therby.



<B CEEDUC1A>
<Q E1 IS/EX EDUC ELYOT>
<N GOVERNOR>
<A ELYOT THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ELYOT, THOMAS.
THE BOKE NAMED THE GOUERNOUR (1531).
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY EDITED BY E. RHYS.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY F. WATSON.
LONDON AND NEW YORK: J. M. DENT & CO. 
AND E. P. DUTTON & CO., 1907.
PP. 21.1   - 29.2     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 147.21 - 155.21   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 21>
[}V. THE ORDRE OF LERNYNGE THAT A NOBLE MAN SHULDE BE
TRAYNED IN BEFORE HE COME TO THAIGE OF SEUEN YERES.}]

   Some olde autours holde oppinion that, before the age
of seuen yeres, a chylde shulde nat be instructed in
letters; but those writers were either grekes or latines,
amonge whom all doctrine and sciences were in their
maternall tonges; by reason wherof they saued all that
longe tyme whiche at this dayes is spente in understandyng 
perfectly the greke or latyne. Wherfore it
requireth nowe a longer tyme to the understandynge
of bothe. Therfore that infelicitie of our tyme and
countray compelleth us to encroche some what upon
the yeres of children, and specially of noble men, that
they may sooner attayne to wisedome and grauitie than
priuate persones, consideryng, as I haue saide, their
charge and example, whiche, aboue all thynges, is most
to be estemed. Nat withstandyng, I wolde nat haue
them inforced by violence to lerne, but accordynge to
the counsaile of Quintilian, to be swetely allured therto
with praises and suche praty gyftes as children delite in.
And their fyrst letters to be paynted or lymned in a
pleasaunt maner: where in children of gentyl courage
haue moche delectation. And also there is no better
allectyue to noble wyttes than to induce them in to a
contention with their inferiour companions: they somtyme
purposely suffring the more noble children to vainquysshe, 
and, as it were, gyuying to them place and
soueraintie, thoughe in dede the inferiour chyldren haue
more lernyng. But there can be nothyng more conuenient 
than by litle and litle to trayne and exercise
them in spekyng of latyne: infourmyng them to knowe
first the names in latine of all thynges that cometh in
syghte, and to name all the partes of theyr bodies: and
gyuynge them some what that they couete or desyre, in
most gentyl maner to teache them to aske it agayne
in latine. And if by this meanes they may be induced
to understande and speke latine: it shall afterwards be
<P 22>
lasse grefe to them, in a maner, to lerne any thing, where
they understande the langage wherein it is writen. And,
as touchynge grammere, there is at this day better
introductions, and more facile, than euer before were
made, concernyng as wel greke as latine, if they be
wisely chosen. And hit shal be no reproche to a noble
man to instruct his owne children, or at the leest wayes
to examine them, by the way of daliaunce or solace,
considerynge that the emperour Octauius Augustus
disdayned nat to rede the warkes of Cicero and Virgile
to his children and neuewes. And why shulde nat
noble men rather so do, than teache their children howe
at dyse and cardes, they may counnyngly lese and
consume theyr owne treasure and substaunce? Moreouer 
teachynge representeth the auctoritie of a prince:
wherfore Dionyse, kynge of Sicile, whan he was for
tyranny expelled by his people, he came in to Italy, and
there in a commune schole taught grammer, where with,
whan he was of his enemies embraided, and called a
schole maister, he answered them, that al though
Sicilians had exiled hym, yet in despite of them all he
reigned, notynge therby the authorite that he had ouer
his scholers. Also whan hit was of hym demanded
what auailed hym Plato or philosophy, wherin he had
ben studious: he aunswered that they caused hym to
sustayne aduersitie paciently, and made his exile to be
to hym more facile and easy: whiche courage and
wysedome consydered of his people, they eftsones
restored him unto his realme and astate roiall, where,
if he had procured agayne them hostilite or warres, or
had returned in to Sicile with any violence, I suppose
the people wolde haue alway resysted hym, and haue
kepte hym in perpetuall exile: as the romaynes dyd the
proude kynge Tarquine, whose sonne rauysshed Lucrece.
But to retourne to my purpose, hit shall be expedient
that a noble mannes sonne, in his infancie, haue with
hym continually onely suche as may accustome hym by
litle and litle to speake pure and elegant latin. Semblably 
the nourises and other women aboute hym, if it
<P 23>
be possible, to do the same: or, at the leste way, that
they speke none englisshe but that which is cleane,
polite, perfectly and articulately pronounced, omittinge
no lettre or sillable, as folisshe women often times do
of a wantonnesse, wherby diuers noble men and
gentilmennes chyldren, (as I do at this daye knowe), 
haue attained corrupte and foule pronuntiation.
   This industry used in fourminge litel infantes, who
shall dought, but that they, (not lackyng naturall witte,)
shall be apt to receyue lerninge, whan they come to
mo yeres? And in this wise maye they be instructed,
without any violence of inforsinge: using the more
parte of the time, until they come to the age of vii
yeres, in suche disportis, as do appertaine to children,
wherin is no resemblance or similitude of vice.

[}VI. AT WHAT AGE A TUTOUR SHULDE BE PROUIDED, AND WHAT
SHALL APPERTAINE TO HIS OFFICE TO DO.}]

   After that a childe is come to seuen yeres of age, I
holde it expedient that he be taken from the company
of women: sauynge that he may haue, one yere, or two
at the most, an auncient and sad matrone, attendynge
on hym in his chambre, whiche shall nat haue any
yonge woman in her company: for though there be no
perille of offence in that tender and innocent age, yet,
in some children, nature is more prone to vice than to
vertue, and in the tender wittes be sparkes of voluptuositie: 
whiche, norished by any occasion or obiecte,
encrease often tymes in to so terrible a fire, that
therwith all vertue and reason is consumed. Wherfore,
to eschewe that daunger, the most sure counsaile is, to
withdrawe him from all company of women, and to
assigne unto hym a tutor, whiche shulde be an auncient
and worshipfull man, in whom is aproued to be moche
gentilnes, mixte with grauitie, and, as nighe as can be,
suche one as the childe by imitation folowynge may
<P 24>
growe to be excellent. And if he be also lerned, he is
the more commendable. Peleus, the father of Achilles,
committed the gouernaunce of his sonne to Phenix,
which was a straunger borne: who, as well in speakyng
elegantly as in doinge valiauntly, was maister to Achilles
(as Homere saith). Howe moche profited hit to kynge
Philip, father to the great Alexander, that he was
deliuered in hostage to the Thebanes? where he was
kepte and brought up under the gouernance of Epaminondas, 
a noble and valiant capitaine: of whom he
receiued suche lernynge, as well in actes martiall as in
other liberal sciences, that he excelled all other kynges
that were before his tyme in Grece, and finally, as well
by wisedome as prowes, subdued all that countray.
Semblably he ordayned for his sonne Alexander a noble
tutor called Leonidas, unto whom, for his wisedome,
humanitie, and lernyng, he committed the rule and
preeminence ouer all the maisters and seruantes of 
Alexander. In whom, nat withstandyng, was suche a
familier vice, whiche Alexander apprehending in childhode
coulde neuer abandon: some suppose it to be fury and
hastines, other superfluous drinking of wyne: whiche of
them it were, it is a good warnyng for gentilmen to be
the more serious, inserching, nat only for the vertues,
but also for the vices of them, unto whose tuition and
gouernance they will committe their children.
   The office of a tutor is firste to knowe the nature of
his pupil, that is to say, wherto he is mooste inclined or
disposed, and in what thyng he setteth his most delectation 
or appetite. If he be of nature curtaise, piteouse,
and of a free and liberall harte, it is a principall token
of grace, (as hit is by all scripture determined.) Than
shall a wyse tutor purposely commende those vertues,
extolling also his pupill for hauyng of them; and therewith 
he shall declare them to be of all men mooste
fortunate, whiche shall happen to haue suche a maister.
And moreouer shall declare to hym what honour, what
loue, what commodite shall happen to him by these
vertues. And, if any haue ben of disposition contrary,
<P 25>
than to expresse the enormities of theyr vice, with as
moche detestation as may be. And if any daunger
haue therby ensued, misfortune, or punisshement, to
agreue it in suche wyse, with so vehement wordes, as
the childe may abhorre it, and feare the semblable
aduenture.

[}VII. IN WHAT WISE MUSIKE MAY BE TO A NOBLE MAN
NECESSARIE: AND WHAT MODESTIE OUGHT TO BE THERIN.}]

   The discretion of a tutor consisteth in temperance:
that is to saye, that he suffre nat the childe to be
fatigate with continuall studie or lernyng, wherwith the
delicate and tender witte may be dulled or oppressed:
but that there may be there with entrelased and mixte
some pleasaunt lernynge and exercise, as playenge on
instruments of musike, whiche moderately used and
without diminution of honour, that is to say, without
wanton countenance and dissolute gesture, is nat to be
contemned. For the noble kynge and prophete Dauid,
kyng of Israell (whom almighty god said that he had
chosen as a man accordinge to his harte or desire)
duringe his lyfe, delited in musike: and with the swete
harmony that he made on his harpe, he constrayned the
iuell spirite that vexed kynge Saul to forsake hym,
continuynge the tyme that he harped.
   The mooste noble and valiant princis of Grece often
tymes, to recreate their spirites, and in augmenting their
courage, enbraced instrumentes musicall. So dyd the
valiaunt Achilles, (as Homere saith), who after the sharpe
and vehement contention, betwene him and Agamemnon,
for the taking away of his concubine: wherby he, being
set in a fury, hadde slayne Agamemnon, emperour of the
grekes armye, had nat Pallas, the goddesse, withdrawen
his hande; in which rage he, all inflamed, departed
with his people to his owne shippes that lay at rode,
intendinge to haue retourned in to his countray; but
after that he had taken to hym his harpe, (whereon he
<P 26>
had lerned to playe of Chiron the Centaure, which also
had taught hym feates of armes, with phisicke, and
surgery), and playeng theron, had songen the gestes
and actis martial of the auncient princis of Grece, as
Hercules, Perseus, Perithous, Theseus, and his cosin
Jason, and of diuers other of semblable value and
prowesse, he was there with asswaged of his furie, and
reduced in to his firste astate of reason: in suche wyse,
that in redoubyng his rage, and that thereby shulde nat
remayne to him any note of reproche, he retaynyng
his fiers and stourdie countenance, so tempered hym
selfe in the entertaynement and answerynge the
messagers that came to him from the residue of the
Grekes, that they, reputing all that his fiers demeanure
to be, (as it were), a diuine maiestie, neuer embrayded
hym with any inordinate wrathe or furie. And therfore
the great kynge Alexander, whan he had vainquisshed
Ilion, where some tyme was set the moste noble citie
of Troy, beinge demaunded of one if he wold se the
harpe of Paris Alexander, who rauisshed Helene, he
therat gentilly smilyng, answered that it was nat the
thyng that he moche desired, but that he had rather se
the harpe of Achilles, wherto he sange, nat the illecebrous
dilectations of Venus, but the valiaunt actes and noble
affaires of excellent princis.
   But in this commendation of musike I wold nat be
thought to allure noble men to haue so moche delectation
therin, that, in playinge and singynge only, they shulde put
their holle studie and felicitie: as dyd the emperour
Nero, whiche all a longe somers day wolde sit in the
Theatre, (an open place where al the people of Rome
behelde solemne actis and playes), and, in the presence
of all the noble men and senatours, wolde playe on
his harpe and synge without cessynge: And if any man 
hapned, by longe sittynge, to slepe, or, by any other
countenance, to shewe him selfe to be weary, he was
sodaynly bobbed on the face by the seruantes of Nero,
for that purpose attendyng: or if any persone were
perceiued to be absent, or were sene to laughe at the 
<P 27>
folye of the emperour, he was forthe with accused, as
it were, of missprision: wherby the emperour founde
occasion to committe him to prison or to put hym to
tortures. O what misery was it to be subiecte to suche
a minstrell, in whose musike was no melodye, but
anguisshe and dolour?
   It were therfore better that no musike were taughte
to a noble man, than, by the exacte knowlege therof,
he shuld haue therin inordinate delite, and by that
be illected to wantonnesse, abandonyng grauitie, and
the necessary cure and office, in the publike weale,
to him committed. Kynge Philip, whan he harde that
his sonne Alexander dyd singe swetely and properly,
he rebuked him gentilly, saynge, But, Alexander, be
ye nat ashamed that ye can singe so well and connyngly?
whereby he mente that the open profession of that crafte
was but of a base estimation. And that it suffised a
noble man, hauynge therin knowlege, either to use it
secretely, for the refreshynge of his witte, whan he hath
tyme of solace: orels, only hearynge the contention of
noble musiciens, to gyue iugement in the excellencie
of their counnynges. These be the causes where unto
hauinge regarde, musike is nat onely tollerable but
also commendable. For, as Aristotle saith, Musike
in the olde time was nombred amonge sciences, for
as moche as nature seketh nat onely howe to be in
busines well occupied, but also howe in quietnes to
be commendably disposed.
   And if the childe be of a perfecte inclination and
towardnes to vertue, and very aptly disposed to this
science, and ripely dothe understande the reason and
concordance of tunes, the tutor's office shall be to
persuade hym to haue pricipally in remembrance his
astate, whiche maketh hym exempt from the libertie
of usinge this science in euery tyme and place: that
is to say, that it onely serueth for recreation after tedious
or laborious affaires, and to shewe him that a gentilman,
plainge or singing in a commune audience, appaireth
his estimation: the people forgettinge reuerence, when
<P 28>
they beholde him in the similitude of a common seruant
or minstrell. Yet, natwithstanding, he shall commende
the perfecte understandinge of musike, declaringe howe
necessary it is for the better attaynynge the knowlege 
of a publike weale: whiche, as I before haue saide,
is made of an ordre of astates and degrees, and, by
reason therof, conteineth in it a perfect harmony: whiche
he shall afterwarde more perfectly understande, whan
he shall happen to rede the bokes of Plato, and Aristotle,
of publike weales: wherin be written diuers examples
of musike and geometrye. In this fourme may a wise
and circumspecte tutor adapte the pleasant science of
musike to a necessary and laudable purpose.

[}VIII. THAT IT IS COMMENDABLE IN A GENTILMAN TO PAINT
AND KERUE EXACTLY, IF NATURE THERTO DOTH INDUCE HYM.}]

   If the childe be of nature inclined, (as many haue ben),
to paint with a penne, or to fourme images in stone
or tree: he shulde nat be therfrom withdrawen, or nature
be rebuked, whiche is to hym beniuolent: but puttyng
one to him, whiche is in that crafte, wherin he deliteth,
moste excellent, in vacant tymes from other more serious
lernynge, he shulde be, in the moste pure wise, enstructed
in painting or keruinge.
   And nowe, perchance, some enuious reder wyll hereof
apprehende occasion to scorne me, sayenge that I haue
well hyed me, to make of a noble man a mason or
peynter. And yet, if either ambition or voluptuouse
idelnes wolde haue suffered that reder to haue sene
histories, he shuld haue founden excellent princis, as
well in payntyng as in keruynge, equall to noble artificers:
suche were Claudius, Titus, the sonne of Vaspasian,
Hadriane, both Antonines, and diuers other emperours
and noble princes: whose warkes of longe tyme remayned
in Rome and other cities, in suche places where all
men mought beholde them: as monuments of their
<P 29>
excellent wittes and vertuous occupation in eschewynge
of idelnes. 


<S SAMPLE 2> 

<Q E1 IS/EX EDUC ELYOT>
<N GOVERNOR>
<A ELYOT THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>

<P 147>
[}VIII. THE THRE PRINCIPALL PARTES OF HUMANITIE.}]  
  
   The nature and condition of man, wherin he is lasse 
than god almightie, and excellinge nat withstanding 
all other creatures in erthe, is called humanitie; whiche 
is a generall name to those vertues in whome semeth 
to be a mutuall concorde and loue in the nature of man. 
And all thoughe there be many of the said vertues, 
yet be there thre principall by whome humanitie is 
chiefly compact; beneuolence, beneficence, and liberalitie, 
which maketh up the said principall vertue called 
benignitie or gentilnes.  
   Beneuolence, if it do extende to a hole contraye or 
citie, it is proprely called charitie, and some tyme zele; 
and if it concerne one persone, than is it called beneuolence. 
And if it be very feruent and to one singuler 
<P 148>
persone, than may it be named loue or amitie. Of that 
vertuous disposition procedeth an acte, wherby some 
thinge is employed whiche is profitable and good to 
him that receyueth it. And that vertue, if it be in 
operation, or (as I mought saye) endeuour, it is called 
than beneficence, and the dede (vulgarly named a good 
tourne) may be called a benefite. If it be in money 
or other thing that hath substaunce it is than called 
liberalitie, whiche is nat alway a vertue as beneficence 
is; for in well doinge (whiche is the right interpretation 
of beneficence) can be no vice included. But liberalitie, 
thoughe it procede of a free and gentill harte, wyllinge 
to do some thinge thankefull, yet may it transgresse 
the bondes of vertue, eyther in excessiue rewardes, 
or expences, or els emploienge treasour, promotion, or 
other substaunce on persones unworthy, or on thynges 
inconuenient, and of small importaunce. All be it some 
thinke suche maner of erogation nat to be worthy the 
name of liberalitie. For Aristotle defineth a liberal 
man to be he whiche doth erogate accordinge to the 
rate of his substance and as oportunitie hapneth. He 
saieth also in the same place, that liberalitie is nat 
in the multitude or quantite of that whiche is gyuen, 
but in the habite or facion of the gyuer, for he gyueth 
accordinge to his habilitie. Neyther Tulli approueth 
it to be liberalitie, wherin is any mixture of auarice 
or rapyne; for it is nat properly liberalitie to exacte 
iniustly, or by violence or craft to take goodes from 
particuler persones, and distribute them in a multitude; 
or to take from many iniustly, and enriche therwith 
one persone or fewe. For as the same autour saieth, 
the last precept concerning benefites or rewardes is, 
to take good hede that he contende nat agayne equitie,  
ne that he upholde none iniurie.  
   Nowe will I procede seriously and in a due forme to 
speke more particulerly of these thre vertues. Nat 
withstandinge there is suche affinite bitwene beneficence 
and liberalitie, beinge always a vertue, that they tende 
to one conclusion or purpose, that is to saye, with a 
<P 149>
free and glad wyll to gyue to a nother that thinge which 
he before lacked.

[}IX. OF WHAT EXCELLENCE BENEUOLENCE IS.}]

   Whan I remembre what incomparable goodnes hath
euer proceded of this vertue beneuolence, mercifull god,
what swete flauour fele I persing my spirites, wherof
bothe my soule and body to my thinkinge do conceyue
suche recreacion, that it semeth me to be in a paradise,
or other semblable place of incomparable delites and
pleasures. Firste I beholde the dignitie of that vertue,
consideringe that god is therby chiefly knowen and 
honoured both of aungell and man. As contrarie wise
the deuill is hated and reproued bothe of god and 
man for his malice, whiche vice is contrarious and repugnaunt
to beneuolence. Wherefore without beneuolence 
may be no god. For god is all goodnes, all
charite, all loue, whiche holy be comprehended in the
saide worde beneuolence.
   Nowe let us see where any other vertue may be
equall in dignitie with this vertue beneuolence, or if
any vertue remayneth, where this is excluded. For
what commeth of prudence where lacketh beneuolence,
but disceite, rauine, auarice and tyranny? What of 
fortitude, but bestely crueltie, oppression, and effusion
of bloode? What iustice may there be without beneuolence?
Sens the first or chiefe porcion of iustice (as
Tulli saieth) is to indomage no man, onelas thou be
wrongfully vexed. And what is the cause hereof but
equall and entier loue; whiche beinge remoued, or
cessing, who endeuoreth nat him selfe to take from a
nother al thyng that he coueteth, or for euery thinge
that discontenteth him wolde nat forthwith be auenged?
Wherby he confoundeth the vertue called temperance,
whiche is the moderatrice as well of all motions of
the minde, called affectes, as of all actis procedyng
<P 150>
of man. Here it sufficiently appereth (as I suppose) of
what estimation beneuolence is.
   Nowe wyll I, accordynge to myne accustomed maner,
endeuore me to recreate the spirites of the diligent reder
with some delectable histories, wherin is any noble
remembrance of this vertue beneuolence, that the worthinesse
therof maye appiere in a more playne declaration;
for in euery discipline example is the beste instructour.
   But firste I will aduertise the reder, that I will nowe
write of that beneuolence onely whiche is moste uniuersall,
wherin is equalitie without singuler affection or
acceptaunce of personagis. And here it is to be noted,
that if a gouernour of a publike weale, iuge, or any
other ministre of iustice, do gyue sentence agayne one
that hath transgressed the lawes, or punissheth hym
according to the qualities of his trespas, Beneuolence
therby is nat any thing perisshed; for the condemnation
or punisshement is either to reduce hym that erreth
in to the trayne of vertue, or to preserue a multitude
from domage, by puttynge men in feare that be prone
to offende, dreding the sharpe correction that they
beholde a nother to suffre. And that maner of seueritie
is touched by the prophet Dauid, in the fourthe psalme,
sayinge in this wise; Be you angry and loke that you
sinne nat. And Tulli saith in his first boke of Officis, It
is to be wisshed, that they, whiche in the publike weale
haue any autoritie, may be like to the lawes, whiche
in correctynge be ladde only by equitie and nat by
wrathe or displesure. And in that maner, whan Chore,
Dathan, and Abiron moued a sedition agayne Moyses,
he praied god that the erth mought open and swalowe
them, consideryng that the furye of the people moughte
nat be by any other meanes asswaged, ne they kepte in
due rule or obedience.
   Helias the holy prophete of god dyd his owne handes
put to deth the prestes of the Idol Baal, yet cessed he
nat with fastynge, praying, longe and tedious pilgrimages 
to pacifie the displeasure that god toke againe the
people of Israhel. But to retourne to beneuolence.
<P 151>
   Moyses beinge highly entretayned with Pharao kynge
of Aegipte, and so moche in his fauour by the meanes
of the kynges suster, that, (as Josephus saithe), he
beinge made capitaine of a huge armye, was sente by
Pharao agayne the Ethiopians or Moores, where he
made suche exploiture, that he nat only atchieued his
entreprise, but also had giuen unto him, for his prowesse,
the kyngs daughter of Ethiopia to be his wife, with
great abundaunce of riches. And also for his endeuour,
prowesse, and wisedome, was moche estemed by Pharao
and the nobles of Egipte; so that he moughte haue
liued there continually in moche honour and welth, if
he wolde haue preferred his singuler aduaile before
the uniuersall weale of his owne kynred or familie.
But he inflamed with feruent beneuolence or zele
towarde them, to redeme them out of their miserable
bondage, chase rather to be in the daungerous indignation
of Pharao, to committe his persone to the chaungeable
myndes of a multitude, and they most unstable,
to passe great and long iournaies throughe desertes
replenisshed with wylde beastis and venimous serpentes,
to suffre exstreme hunger and thirste, lackynge often
tymes nat onely vitaile but also fresshe water to drinke,
than to be in the palice of Pharao where he shulde haue
bene satisfied with honour, richesse and ease, and all
other thinges pleasaunt. Who that redeth the boke
of Exodi shall finde the charitie of this man wonderfull.
For whan almightie god, being greuously meued with
the children of Israhel for their ingratitude, for as moche
as they often tymes murmured agayne hym, and uneth
moughte be kepte by Moyses from idolatrie, he said
to Moyses that he wold destroye them utterly, and make
hym ruler of a moche greatter and better people. But
Moyses brenning in a meruailous charite towards them
said unto god, This people, good lorde, haue mooste
greuouslye sinned, yet either forgyue them this trespas,
or, if ye do nat, strike me clene out of the booke that
ye wrate. And diuers other tymes he importunately
cried to god for the saulfe garde of them, nat withstanding
<P 152>
that many tymes they concluded to haue slayne
hym, if he had nat ben by his wisedome, and specially
by the powar of god, preserued.
   But perauenture some, which seke for sterting holes
to mainteine their vices, will obiecte, sayinge that 
Moyses was a holy prophete and a persone electe by
predestination to deliuer the children of Israhell out of
captiuitie, which he coulde nat haue done, if he had
nat bene of suche pacience and charitie. Therfore let
us se what examples of semblable beneuolence we
can finde amonge the gentiles, in whom was no vertue
inspired, but that only which natural reason induced.
   Whan a furious and wylfull yonge man in a sedicion
had striken out one of the eies of kyng Licurgus, wherfore
the people wolde haue slaine the transgressour, he wolde
nat suffre them, but hauyng him home to his house, he
by suche wise meanes corrected the yonge man, that he
at the laste broughte hym to good maners and wisedome.
Also the same Licurge, to the entent that theffecte of his
beneuolence towarde the commune weale of his countray
mought persist and continue, and that his excellent
lawes beinge stablisshed shulde neuer be alterate, he dyd
let swere al his people, that they shulde chaunge no part
of his lawes, untill he were retourned, faynynge to them
that he wolde go to Delphos, where Apollo was chiefly
honoured, to consulte with that god what semed to hym
to be added to or minisshed of those lawes, whiche also
he fayned to haue receiued of the said Apollo. But
finally he went in to the Isle of Crete, where he continued
and died, commaundyng at his deth that his
bones shulde be cast in to the see, lest if they were
brought to Lacedemonia, his countray, the people shuld
thinke them selfe of their othe and promise discharged.
   Semblable loue Codrus, the last kynge of Athenes,
had to his countray. For where the people called Dores
(whom some thinke to be nowe Sicilians) wolde aduenge
their olde grudges agayne the Atheniensis, they demaunded 
of some of their goddes, what successe shulde
happen if they made any warres. Unto whom answere
<P 153>
was made, that if they slewe nat the kynge of Atheniensis
they shulde than haue the victorie. Whan they came
to the felde, straite commaundement was gyuen amonge
them that, aboue all thinge, they shulde haue good
awaite of the kynge of Athenes, whiche at that time was
Codrus. But he before knowyng the answere made to
the Dores, and what commandement was giuen to the
army, dyd put of his princely habite or robes, and in
apparaile all ragged and rent, carieng on his necke a
bundell of twigges, entred in to the hoste of his enemies,
and was slayne in the prese by a souldiour, whom he
wounded with a hooke purposely. But whan it was
perceiued and knowen to be the corps of kyng Codrus,
the Dores all dismayed departed from the felde without
proferynge bataile. And in this wise the Atheniensis,
by the vertue of their most beneuolent kynge, who for
the saulfgarde of his countray willingly died, were clerely
deliuered from bataile. O noble Codrus, howe worthy
had you ben (if god had bene pleased) to haue aboden
the reparation of mankynde, that, in the habite and
religion of a christen prince, ye mought haue showed
your wonderfull beneuolence and courage, for the saulfegarde
of christen men, and to the noble example of other
princes.
   Curtius, a noble knighte of the Romanes, had no lasse
loue to his countray than Codrus. For sone after the
begynnyng of the citie there hapned to be a great erth
quaue, and after there remayned a great dell or pitte
without botome, whiche to beholde was horrible and 
lothsome, and out of it proceded suche a dampe or ayre,
that corrupted all the citie with pestilence. Wherfore
whan they had counsailed with suche idols as they than
worshipped, answere was made that the erth shuld nat
close untill there were throwen in to it the moste 
precious thinge in the citie; whiche answere receiued,
there was throwen in riche ieuels of golde and precious
stone; but all auailed nat. At the laste, Curtius, beinge
a yonge and goodly gentilman, consideryng that no
riches throwen in profited, he finallye coniected that the
<P 154>
life of man was aboue all thinges moste precious; to
thentent the residue of the people mought be saued
by his only dethe, he armed hym selfe at all pointes,
and sittyng on a courser, with his swerde in his hande
redy drawen, with a valiaunt and fierce courage enforsed
his horse to lepe in to the dell or pitte, and furthwith
it ioyned to gether and closed, leuynge onely a signe
where the pitte was; which longe after was called Curtius
lake.
   I passe ouer the two Decius, Marcus Regulus, and
many other princes and noble men that for the weale
of their contraye died willingly. And nowe wyll I speke
of suche as in any other fourme haue declared their
beneuolence.
   Xenophon, condisciple of Plato, wrate the life of Cyrus
kyng of Persia most elegantly, wherin he expresseth the
figure of an excellent gouernour or capitayne. He
sheweth there that Craesus, the riche king of Lidia,
whom Cyrus had taken prisoner, subdued his countray,
and possessed his treasure, saide on a tyme to Cyrus,
whan he behelde his liberalitie, that suche largenesse as
he used shulde bringe hym in pouertie, where, if he
lysted, he mought accumulate up treasure incomparable.
Than Cyrus demaunded of Croesus, What treasure suppose
ye shulde I nowe haue, if durynge the tyme of my
raigne I wolde haue gadred and kept money as ye
exhorte me to do? Than Cresus named a great some.
Well, said Cyrus, sende ye some man, whom ye best
truste, with Histaspa my seruaunt; and thou, Histaspa,
go about to my frendes and shewe them that I lacke
golde towarde a certayne businesse, wherfore I will they
shal sende me as moche as they can, and that they put
it in writinge and sende it sealed by the seruant of
Cresus. In the same wise Cirus wrate in a letter, and
also that they shulde receiue Histaspa as his counsailour
and frende, and sent it by hym. Histaspa, after that
he had done the message of Cyrus and was retourned
with the seruant of Cresus, who brought letters from
Cyrus frendes, he saide to Cyrus, O sir, from hensforthe
<P 155>
loke that ye take me for a man of great substaunce. For
I am highly rewarded with many great gyftes for bringing
your letters. Than Cyrus, at the houre appointed,
ladde with hym kynge Cresus in to his campe, sayinge
to hym, Now beholde here is our treasure, accounte,
if ye can, how moche money is redy for me, if I haue
nede of any to occupy. Whan Cresus behelde and
rekened the innumerable treasure, whiche in sondry
partes were laide aboute the pauilion of Cirus, he founde
moche more than he said to Cirus that he shuld haue
in his tresure, if he him selfe had gadred and kept it.
And whan all appiered sufficiently, Cirus than said,
Howe thinke you, Cresus, haue I nat tresure? And ye
counsailed me that I shulde gadre and kepe money, by
occasion wherof I shuld be enuied and hated of my
people, and more ouer put my trust to seruantes hyred
to haue rule therof. But I do all other wise; for, in
making my frendes riche, I take them al for my tresure,
and haue them more sure and trusty kepers bothe of me
and my substance, than I shuld do those whom I must
trust only for their wagis. 



<B CEEDUC1B>
<Q E1 IS/EX EDUC ASCH>
<N SCHOOLMASTER>
<A ASCHAM ROGER>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ASCHAM, ROGER.
THE SCHOLEMASTER.
WRITTEN BETWEEN 1563-8. POSTHUMOUSLY
PUBLISHED. FIRST EDITION, 1570;
COLLATED WITH THE SECOND EDITION, 1571.
ENGLISH REPRINTS.
ED. E. ARBER.
LONDON, 1870.
PP. 182.1  - 186.12      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 214.17 - 218.21      (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 278.16 - 282.30      (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 182>
[}THE FIRST BOOKE FOR THE YOUTH.}]

   After the childe hath learned perfitlie the eight partes of
speach, let him then learne the right ioyning togither of
substantiues with adiectiues, the nowne with the verbe, the
relatiue with the antecedent.  And in learninge farther hys
Syntaxis, by mine aduice, he shall not vse the common order
in common scholes, for making of latines: wherby, the childe
commonlie learneth, first, an euill choice of wordes,
(and right choice of wordes, saith (^Caesar^) , is the
foundation of eloquence) than, a wrong placing
of wordes: and lastlie, an ill framing of the sentence, with
a peruerse iudgement, both of wordes and sentences.  These
faultes, taking once roote in yougthe, be neuer, or
hardlie, pluckt away in age.  Moreouer, there is
no one thing, that hath more, either dulled the
wittes, or taken awaye the will of children from
learning, then the care they haue, to satisfie their masters,   #
in
making of latines.
   For, the scholer, is commonlie beat for the making, whe~
the master were more worthie to be beat for the mending, or
rather, marring of the same:  The master many times, being
as ignorant as the childe, what to saie properlie and fitlie    #
to the
matter.
   Two scholemasters haue set forth in print, either of them
a booke, of soch kinde of latines, (^Horman^) and 
(^Whittington^) .
   A childe shall learne of the better of them,
that, which an other daie, if he be wise, and cum to iudgement,
he must be faine to vnlearne againe.
<P 183>
   There is a waie, touched in the first booke of (^Cicero^)
(^De Oratore^) , which, wiselie brought into scholes,
truely taught, and co~stantly vsed, would not
onely take wholly away this butcherlie feare in making of
latines, but would also, with ease and pleasure, and in short
time, as I know by good experience, worke a true choice and
placing of wordes, a right ordering of sentences, an easie
vnderstandyng of the tonge, a readines to speake, a facultie to
write, a true iudgement, both of his owne, and other mens
doinges, what tonge so euer he doth vse.
   The waie is this.  After the three Concordances learned,
as I touched before, let the master read vnto hym the Epistles
of (^Cicero^) , gathered togither and chosen out by             #
(^Sturmius^) , for
the capacitie of children.
   First, let him teach the childe, cherefullie and plainlie,   #
the
cause, and matter of the letter: then, let him
construe it into Englishe, so oft, as the childe may
easilie carie awaie the vnderstanding of it:
Lastlie,  parse it ouer perfitlie.  This done thus, let the     #
childe,
by and by, both construe and parse it ouer againe: so, that it
may appeare, that the childe douteth in nothing, that his
master taught him before.  After this, the childe must take
a paper booke, and sitting in some place, where no man shall
prompe him, by him self, let him translate into Englishe his
former lesson.  Then shewing it to his master,
let the master take from him his latin booke, and
pausing an houre, at the least, than let the childe
translate his owne Englishe into latin againe, in an other      #
paper
booke.  When the childe bringeth it, turned into latin, the
master must compare it with (^Tullies^) booke, and laie them    #
both
togither: and where the childe doth well, either in chosing, or
true placing of (^Tullies^) wordes, let the master
praise him, and saie here ye do well.  For I
assure you, there is no such whetstone, to
sharpen a good witte and encourage a will to learninge, as is
praise.
   But if the childe misse, either in forgetting a worde, or in
chaunging a good with a worse, or misordering the sentence,
I would not haue the master, either froune, or chide with him,
if the childe haue done his diligence, and vsed no trewandship
<P 184>
therein.  For I know by good experience, that a childe shall
take more profit of two fautes, ientlie warned of,
then of foure thinges, rightly hitt.  For than, the
master shall haue good occasion to saie vnto him.
(^N. Tullie^) would haue vsed such a worde, not this:           #
(^Tullie^)
would haue placed this word here, not there: would haue vsed
this case, this number, this person, this degree, this gender:  #
he
would haue vsed this moode, this tens, this simple, rather than
this compound: this aduerbe here, not there: he would haue
ended the sentence with this verbe, not with that nowne or
participle. etc.
   In these fewe lines, I haue wrapped vp, the most tedious
part of Grammer: and also the ground of almost all the Rewles,
that are so busilie taught by the Master, and so hardlie        #
learned
by the Scholer, in all common Scholes: which after this sort,
the master shall teach without all error, and the scholer shall
learne without great paine: the master being led by so sure
a guide, and the scholer being brought into so plaine and easie
a waie.  And therefore, we do not contemne Rewles, but we
gladlie teach Rewles: and teach them, more plainlie, sensiblie,
and orderlie, than they be commonlie taught in common
Scholes.  For whan the Master shall compare (^Tullies^) booke
with his Scholers translation, let the Master, at the first,
lead and teach his Scholer, to ioyne the Rewles of his Grammer
booke, with the examples of his present lesson, vntill the
Scholer, by him selfe, be hable to fetch out of his Grammer,
euerie Rewle, for euerie Example: So, as the Grammer booke
be euer in the Scholers hand, and also vsed of him, as a
Dictionarie, for euerie present vse.  This is a liuely and      #
perfite
waie of teaching of Rewles: where the common waie, vsed in
common Scholes, to read the Grammer alone by it selfe, is
tedious for the Master, hard for the Scholer, colde and         #
vncumfortable 
for them bothe.
   Let your Scholer be neuer afraide, to aske you any dout,
but vse discretlie the best allurements ye can, to encorage him
to the same: lest, his ouermoch fearinge of you, driue him
to seeke some misorderlie shifte: as, to seeke to be helped
by some other booke, or to be prompted by some other
Scholer, and so goe aboute to begile you moch, and him selfe
more.
<P 185>
   With this waie, of good vnderstanding the mater, plaine
construinge, diligent parsinge, dailie translatinge, cherefull
admonishinge, and heedefull amendinge of faultes: neuer
leauinge behinde iuste praise for well doinge, I would haue the
Scholer brought vp withall, till he had red, & translated ouer  #
y=e=
first booke of Epistles chosen out by (^Sturmius^) , with a     #
good
peece of a Comedie of (^Terence^) also.
   All this while, by mine aduise, the childe shall vse to      #
speake
no latine: For, as (^Cicero^) saith in like mater, with like    #
wordes,
(\loquendo, male loqui discunt\) .  And, that excellent
learned man, (^G. Budaeus^) , in his Greeke Commentaries, 
sore complaineth, that whan he began
to learne the latin tonge, vse of speaking latin at the table,  #
and
elsewhere, vnaduisedlie, did bring him to soch an euill choice  #
of
wordes, to soch a crooked framing of sentences, that no one
thing did hurt or hinder him more, all the daies of his life
afterward, both for redinesse in speaking, and also good        #
iudgement 
in writinge.
   In very deede, if childre~ were brought vp, in soch a house,
or soch a Schole, where the latin tonge were properlie and
perfitlie spoken, as (^Tib.^) and (^Ca. Gracci^) were brought   #
vp, in
their mother (^Cornelias^) house, surelie, than the dailie vse  #
of
speaking, were the best and readiest waie, to learne the latin
tong.  But, now, commonlie, in the best Scholes in England,
for wordes, right choice is smallie regarded, true proprietie
whollie neglected, confusion is brought in, barbariousnesse is
bred vp so in yong wittes, as afterward they be, not onelie
marde for speaking, but also corrupted in iudgement: as with
moch adoe, or neuer at all, they be brought to right frame
againe.
   Yet all men couet to haue their children speake latin: and
so do I verie earnestlie too.  We bothe, haue one purpose: we
agree in desire, we wish one end: but we differ somewhat in
order and waie, that leadeth rightlie to that end.  Other would
haue them speake at all aduentures: and, so they be speakinge,
to speake, the Master careth not, the Scholer knoweth not,
what.  This is, to seeme, and not to bee: except it be, to be
bolde without shame, rashe without skill, full of wordes        #
without
witte.  I wish to haue them speake so, as it may well appeare,
that the braine doth gouerne the tonge, and that reason leadeth
<P 186>
forth the taulke.  (^Socrates^) doctrine is true in             #
(^Plato^) , and well
marked, and truely vttered by (^Horace^) in (^Arte
Poetica^) , that, where so euer knowledge doth accompanie
the witte, there best vtterance doth alwaies
awaite vpon the tonge: For, good vnderstanding must first be    #
bred
in the childe, which, being nurished with skill, and
vse of writing (as I will teach more largelie
hereafter) is the onelie waie to bring him to
iudgement and readinesse in speakinge: and that
in farre shorter time (if he followe constantlie the trade of   #
this
litle lesson) than he shall do, by common teachinge of the
co~mon scholes in England. 


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E1 IS/EX EDUC ASCH>
<N SCHOOLMASTER>
<A ASCHAM ROGER>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>


<P 214>
   Learning teacheth more in one yeare than experience in
twentie: And learning teacheth safelie. when
experience maketh mo miserable then wise. He
hasardeth sore, that waxeth wise by experience.
An vnhappie Master he is, that is made cunning by manie
shippewrakes: A miserable merchant, that is neither riche or
wise, but after som bankroutes. It is costlie wisdom, that is
bought by experience. We know by experience it selfe, that it
is a meruelous paine, to finde oute but a short waie, by long
wandering. And surelie, he that wold proue wise by
experience, he maie be wittie in deede, but euen like a swift
runner, that runneth fast out of his waie, and vpon the night,
he knoweth not whither. And verilie they be fewest of
number, that be happie or wise by vnlearned experience. And
looke well vpon the former life of those fewe, whether your
example be old or yonge, who without learning haue gathered,
by long experience, a litle wisdom, and som happines: and
whan you do consider, what mischeife they haue committed,
what dangers they haue escaped (and yet xx. for one, do
perishe in the aduenture) than thinke well with your selfe,
whether ye wold, that your owne son, should cum to wisdom
and happines, by the waie of soch experience or no.
   It is a notable tale, that old Syr (^Roger Chamloe^) ,       #
sometime
<P 215>
cheife Iustice, wold tell of him selfe. When he was Auncient
in Inne of Courte, Certaine yong Ientlemen
were brought before him, to be corrected for
certaine misorders: And one of the lustiest saide:
Syr, we be yong ientlemen, and wisemen before vs, haue
proued all facions, and yet those haue done full well: this     #
they
said, because it was well knowen, that Syr (^Roger^) had bene a
good feloe in his yougth. But he aunswered them verie wiselie.
In deede saith he, in yougthe, I was, as you ar now: and I
had twelue feloes like vnto my self, but not one of them came
to a good ende. And therfore, folow not my example in yougth,
but folow my councell in aige, if euer ye thinke to cum to this
place, or to thies yeares, that I am cum vnto, lesse ye meete
either with pouertie or Tiburn in the way.
   Thus, experience of all facions in yougthe, beinge, in       #
profe,
alwaise daungerous, in isshue, seldom lucklie, is
a waie, in deede, to ouermoch knowledge, yet
vsed commonlie of soch men, which be either caried by som
curious affection of mynde, or driuen by som hard necessitie of
life, to hasard the triall of ouer manie perilous aduentures.
   (^Erasmus^) the honor of learning of all oure time, saide
wiselie that experience is the common scholehouse 
of foles, and ill men: Men, of witte and
honestie, be otherwise instructed. For there be,
that kepe them out of fier, and yet was neuer
burned: That beware of water, and yet was neuer
nie drowninge: That hate harlottes, and was
neuer at the stewes: That abhorre falshode, and neuer brake
promis themselues.
   But will ye see, a fit Similitude of this aduentured         #
experience.
A Father, that doth let louse his son, to all experiences, is   #
most
like a fond Hunter, that letteth slippe a whelpe to the hole
herde. Twentie to one, he shall fall vpon a rascall, and let
go the faire game. Men that hunt so, be either ignorant
persones, preuie stealers, or night walkers.
   Learning therefore, ye wise fathers, and good bringing vp,
and not blinde & dangerous experience, is the next and readiest
waie, that must leede your Children, first, to wisdom, and than
to worthinesse, if euer ye purpose they shall cum there.
   And to saie all in shorte, though I lacke Authoritie to giue
<P 216>
counsell, yet I lacke not good will to wisshe, that the yougthe
in England, speciallie Ientlemen, and namelie nobilitie,
shold be by good bringing vp, so grounded
in iudgement of learninge, so founded in loue of
honestie, as, whan they shold be called forthe to the execution
of great affaires, in seruice of their Prince and contrie, they
might be hable, to vse and to order, all experiences, were they
good were they bad, and that, according to the square, rule,    #
and
line, of wisdom learning and vertue.
   And, I do not meene, by all this my taulke, that yong
Ientlemen, should alwaies be poring on a booke,
and by vsing good studies, shold lease honest
pleasure, and haunt no good pastime, I meene
nothing lesse: For it is well knowne, that I both
like and loue, and haue alwaies, and do yet still 
vse, all exercises and pastimes, that be fitte for my
nature and habilitie. And beside naturall disposition,
in iudgement also, I was neuer, either Stoick in doctrine,
or Anabaptist in Religion, to mislike a merie, pleasant, and
plaifull nature, if no outrage be committed, against lawe,
mesure, and good order.
   Therefore, I wold wishe, that, beside some good time, fitlie
appointed, and constantlie kepte, to encrease by readinge, the
knowledge of the tonges and learning, yong ientlemen shold
vse, and delite in all Courtelie exercises, and
Ientlemanlike pastimes. And good cause whie:
For the self same noble Citie of Athenes, iustlie
commended of me before, did wiselie and vpon great              #
consideration,
appoint, the Muses, (^Apollo^) , and (^Pallas^) , to be         #
patrones of
learninge to their yougthe. For the Muses,
besides learning, were also Ladies of dauncinge,
mirthe and ministrelsie: (^Apollo^) , was god of shooting,
and Author of cunning playing vpo~ Instrumentes:
(^Pallas^) also was Laidie mistres in warres. Wherbie 
was nothing else ment, but that learninge shold be alwaise
mingled, with honest mirthe, and cumlie exercises: and that
warre also shold be gouerned by learning, and moderated by
wisdom, as did well appeare in those Capitaines of (^Athenes^)
named by me before, and also in (^Scipio^) & (^Caesar^) , the   #
two
Diamondes of Rome.
<P 217>
   And (^Pallas^) , was no more feared, in weering              #
(^AEgida^) , tha~ she
was praised, for chosing (^Oliua^) : whereby shineth
the glory of learning, which thus, was Gouernour
& Mistres, in the noble Citie of (^Athenes^) , both of
warre and peace.
   Therefore, to ride cumlie: to run faire at the tilte or      #
ring:
to plaie at all weapones: to shote faire in bow, or surelie in  #
gon:
to vaut lustely: to runne: to leape: to wrestle:
to swimme: To daunce cumlie: to sing, and playe
of instrumentes cunnyngly: to Hawke: to hunte:
to playe at tennes, & all pastimes generally, which
be ioyned with labor, vsed in open place, and on
the day light, conteining either some fitte exercise for        #
warre, or
some pleasant pastime for peace, be not onelie cumlie and       #
decent,
but also verie necessarie, for a Courtlie Ientleman to vse.
   But, of all kinde of pastimes, fitte for a Ientleman, I      #
will,
godwilling, in fitter place, more at large, declare fullie, in  #
my
booke of the Cockpitte: which I do write, to
satisfie som, I trust, with som reason, that be
more curious, in marking other mens doinges, than
carefull in mendyng their owne faultes. And som also will
nedes busie them selues in merueling, and adding thereunto
vnfrendlie taulke, why I, a man of good yeares, and of no ill
place, I thanke God and my Prince, do make choise to spend
soch tyme in writyng of trifles, as the schole of shoting, the
Cockpitte, and this booke of the first Principles of Grammer,
rather, than to take some weightie matter in hand, either of
Religion, or Ciuill discipline.
   Wise men I know, will well allow of my choise herein: and
as for such, who haue not witte of them selues, but must learne
of others, to iudge right of mens doynges, let them
read that wise Poet (^Horace^) in his (^Arte Poetica^) ,
who willeth wisemen to beware, of hie and loftie
Titles. For, great shippes, require costlie tackling,
and also afterward dangerous gouernment:
Small boates, be neither verie chargeable in
makyng, nor verie oft in great ieoperdie: and yet they cary
many tymes, as good and costlie ware, as greater vessels do.
A meane Argument, may easelie beare, the light burden of
a small faute, and haue alwaise at hand, a ready excuse for
<P 218>
ill handling: And, some praise it is, if it so chaunce, to be
better in deede, than a man dare venture to
seeme. A hye title, doth charge a man, with
the heauie burden, of to great a promise: and
therefore sayth (^Horace^) verie wittelie, that, that
Poete was a verie foole, that began hys booke,
with a goodlie verse in deede, but ouer proude
a promise.
   (\Fortunam Priami cantabo & nobile bellum\) ,
And after, as wiselie.
   (\Quanto rectius hic, qui nil molitur inepte. etc.\)
Meening (^Homer^) , who, within the compasse of a smal
Argument, of one harlot, and of one good wife,
did vtter so moch learning in all kinde of sciences,
as, by the iudgement of (^Quintilian^) , he deserueth
so hie a praise, that no man yet deserued to sit
in the second degree beneth him. And thus moch
out of my way, concerning my purpose in spending penne, and
paper, & tyme, vpo~ trifles, & namelie to aunswere some, that
haue neither witte nor learning, to do any thyng them selues,
neither will nor honestie, to say well of other.    

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 278>
   Cambrige, at my first comming thither, but not at my
going away, committed this fault in reading the preceptes of
(^Aristotle^) without the examples of other Authors:  But       #
herein,
in my time thies men of worthie memorie, (^M. Redman,
M. Cheke, M. Smith, M. Haddon, M. Watson^) , put so to
their helping handes, as that vniuersitie, and all studentes    #
there,
as long as learning shall last, shall be bounde vnto them, if   #
that
trade in studie be trewlie folowed, which those men left        #
behinde
them there.
   By this small mention of Cambridge, I am caryed into three
imaginations: first, into a sweete remembrance of my tyme
spent there: than, into som carefull thoughts, for the greuous
alteration that folowed sone after: lastlie, into much ioy to
heare tell, of the good recouerie and earnest forwardnes in all
good learning there agayne.
   To vtter theis my thoughts somwhat more largelie, were
somwhat beside my matter, yet not very farre out of the way,
bycause it shall wholy tend to the good encoragement and right
consideration of learning, which is my full purpose in writing
this litle booke: whereby also shall well appeare this sentence
to be most trewe, that onely good men, by their gouernment
& example, make happie times, in euery degree and state.
   Doctor (^Nico. Medcalfe^) , that honorable father, was       #
Master
of (^S. Iohnes^) Colledge, when I came thether: A
man meanelie learned himselfe, but not meanely
<P 279>
affectioned to set forward learning in others.  He found
that Colledge spending scarse two hundred markes by yeare:
he left it spending a thousand markes and more.  Which
he procured, not with his mony, but by his wisdome; not
chargeablie bought by him, but liberallie geuen by others by    #
his
meane, for the zeale & honor they bare to learning.  And that
which is worthy of memorie, all thies giuers were almost
Northenmen: who being liberallie rewarded in the seruice of
their Prince, bestowed it as liberallie for the good of their
Contrie.  Som men thought therefore, that (^D. Medcalfe^) was
parciall to Northrenmen, but sure I am of this, that            #
Northrenme~
were parciall, in doing more good, and geuing more
la~des to y=e= forderance of learning, than any other
contrie me~, in those dayes, did: which deede
should haue bene, rather an example of goodnes,
for other to folowe, than matter of malice, for any
to enuie, as some there were that did.  Trewly,
(^D. Medcalfe^) was parciall to none: but indifferent
to all: a master for the whole, a father to euery one, in that
Colledge.  There was none so poore, if he had, either wil to
goodnes, or wit to learning, that could lacke being there, or
should depart from thence for any need.  I am witnes my selfe,
that mony many times was brought into yong mens studies by
strangers whom they knew not.  In which doing, this worthy
(^Nicolaus^) folowed the steppes of good olde                   #
(^S. Nicolaus^) , that
learned Bishop.  He was a Papist in deede, but would to God,
amonges all vs Protesta~ts I might once see but one, that would
winne like praise, in doing like good, for the aduauncement of
learning and vertue.  And yet, though he were a Papist, if any
yong man, geuen to new learning (as they termed it) went
beyond his fellowes, in witte, labor, and towardnes, euen the
same, neyther lacked, open praise to encorage him, nor priuate
exhibition to mainteyne hym, as worthy Syr (^I. Cheke^) , if he
were aliue would beare good witnes and so can many mo.
I my selfe one of the meanest of a great number, in that
Colledge, because there appeared in me som small shew of
towardnes and diligence, lacked not his fauor to forder me in
learning.
   And being a boy, new Bacheler of arte, I chanced amonges
my companions to speake against the Pope: which matter was
<P 280>
than in euery mans mouth, bycause (^D. Haines^) and (^D.        #
Skippe^)
were cum from the Court, to debate the same matter, by
preaching and disputation in the vniuersitie.  This hapned the
same tyme, when I stoode to be felow there: my taulke came
to (^D. Medcalfes^) eare: I was called before him and the       #
Seniores:
and after greuous rebuke, and some punishment, open warning
was geuen to all the felowes, none to be so hardie to geue me
his voice at that election.  And yet for all those open         #
threates,
the good father himselfe priuilie procured, that I should euen
than by chosen felow.  But, the election being done, he made
countinance of great discontentation thereat.  This good mans
goodnes, and fatherlie discretion, vsed towardes me that one
day, shall neuer out of my remembrance all the dayes of my
life.  And for the same cause, haue I put it here, in this      #
small
record of learning.  For next Gods prouidence, surely that day,
was by that good fathers meanes, (\Dies natalis\) , to me, for  #
the
whole foundation of the poore learning I haue, and of all the
furderance, that hetherto else where I haue obteyned.
   This his goodnes stood not still in one or two, but flowed
aboundantlie ouer all that Colledge, and brake out also to
norishe good wittes in euery part of that vniuersitie: whereby,
at this departing thence, he left soch a companie of fellowes   #
and
scholers in (^S. Iohnes^) Colledge, as can scarse be found now  #
in
some whole vniuersitie: which, either for diuinitie, on the one
side or other, or for Ciuill seruice to their Prince and        #
contrie,
haue bene, and are yet to this day, notable ornaments to this
whole Realme: Yea (^S. Iohnes^) did the~ so florish, as         #
Trinitie
college, that Princely house now, at the first erectio~, was    #
but
(\Colonia deducta\) out of (^S. Ihones^) , not onelie for       #
their Master,
fellowes, and scholers, but also, which is more, for their      #
whole,
both order of learning, and discipline of maners: & yet to this
day, it neuer tooke Master but such as was bred vp before in
(^S. Iohnes^) : doing the dewtie of a good (\Colonia\) to her   #
(\Metropolis\) ,
as the auncient Cities in Greice and some yet in Italie, at     #
this
day, are accustomed to do.
   (^S. Iohnes^) stoode in this state, vntill those heuie       #
tymes, and
that greuous change that chanced.  An. 1553. whan mo perfite
scholers were dispersed from thence in one moneth, than many
yeares can reare vp againe.  For, whan (^Aper de
Sylua^) had passed the seas, and fastned his foote
<P 281>
againe in England, not onely the two faire groues of learning
in England were eyther cut vp, by the roote, or troden downe
to the ground and wholie went to wracke, but the yong spring
there, and euerie where else, was pitifullie nipt and           #
ouertroden
by very beastes, and also the fairest standers of all, were     #
rooted
vp, and cast into the fire, to the great weakning euen at this
day of Christes Chirch in England, both for Religion and
learning.
   And what good could chance than to the vniuersities, whan
som of the greatest, though not of the wisest nor best learned,
nor best men neither of that side, did labor to perswade, that
ignorance was better than knowledge, which they ment, not for
the laitie onelie, but also for the greatest rable of their     #
spiritualtie, 
what other pretense openlie so euer they made: and
therefore did som of them at Cambrige (whom I will not name
openlie,) cause hedge priestes fette oute of the contrie, to be
made fellowes in the vniuersitie: saying, in their talke        #
priuilie,
and declaring by their deedes openlie, that he was, felow good
enough for their tyme, if he could were a gowne and a tipet
cumlie, and haue hys crowne shorne faire and roundlie, and
could turne his Portesse and pie readilie: whiche I speake not
to reproue any order either of apparell, or other dewtie, that
may be well and indifferentlie vsed, but to note the miserie of
that time, whan the benefites prouided for learning were so
fowlie misused.  And what was the frute of this seade?
Verely, iudgement in doctrine was wholy altered: order in
discipline very sore changed: the loue of good learning, began
sodenly to wax cold: the knowledge of the tonges (in spite of
some that therein had florished) was manifestly contemned:
and so, y=e= way of right studie purposely peruerted: the       #
choice
of good authors of mallice confownded.  Olde sophistrie (I say
not well) not olde, but that new rotten sophistrie began to
beard and sholder logicke in her owne tong: yea, I know, that
heades were cast together, and counsell deuised, that           #
(^Duns^) , with
all the rable of barbarous questionistes, should haue           #
dispossessed
of their place and rowmes, (^Aristotle, Plato, Tullie^) ,
and (^Demosthenes^) , when good (^M. Redman^) , and
those two worthylace and rowmes, (^Aristotle, Plato, Tullie^) ,
and (^Demosthenes^) , when good (^M. Redman^) , and
those two worthy starres of that vniuersitie,
(^M. Cheke^) , and (^M. Smith^) , with their scholers, had
brought to florishe as notable in Cambrige, as
<P 282>
euer they did in Grece and in Italie: and for the doctrine of
those fowre, the fowre pillers of learning, Cambrige than       #
geuing
place to no vniuersitie, neither in France, Spaine, Germanie,
nor Italie.  Also in outward behauiour, than began simplicitie
in apparell, to be layd aside: Courtlie galantnes to be taken   #
vp:
frugalitie in diet was priuately misliked: Towne going to good
cheare openly vsed: honest pastimes, ioyned with
labor, left of in the fieldes: vnthrifty and idle
games, haunted corners, and occupied the nightes: contention
in youth, no where for learning: factions in the elders euery
where for trifles.  All which miseries at length, by Gods
prouidence, had their end 16. (^Nouemb.^) 1558.  Since which
tyme, the yong spring hath shot vp so faire, as now there be in
Cambrige againe, many goodly plantes (as did well appeare at
the Queenes Maiesties late being there) which are like to grow
to mightie great timber, to the honor of learning, and great    #
good
of their contrie, if they may stand their tyme, as the best
plantes there were wont to do: and if som old dotterell trees,
with standing ouer nie them, and dropping vpon them, do not
either hinder, or crooke their growing, wherein my feare is     #
y=e=
lesse, seing so worthie a Iustice of an Oyre hath the present
ouersight of that whole chace, who was himselfe somtym, in
the fairest spring that euer was there of learning, one of the
forwardest yong plantes, in all that worthy College of (^S.     #
Ihones^) :
who now by grace is growne to soch greatnesse, as, in the
temperate and quiet shade of his wisdome, next the prouide~ce
of God, and goodnes of one, in theis our daies, (\Religio\) for
sinceritie, (\literae\) for order and 
aduauncement, (\Respub.\) for happie
and quiet gouernment, haue to great rejoysing of all good men,
speciallie reposed them selues. 



<B CEBOETH1>
<Q E1 XX PHILO BOETHCO> 
<N BOETH1 COLVILLE> 
<A COLVILLE GEORGE> 
<C E1> 
<O 1500-1570> 
<M X> 
<K X> 
<D ENGLISH> 
<V PROSE> 
<T PHILOSOPHY> 
<G TRANSL> 
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>

 
[^COLVILLE, GEORGE.
TEXT:  BOETHIUS.
BOETHIUS' CONSOLATION OF PHILOSOPHY,
TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN BY
GEORGE COLVILLE, 1556.
THE TUDOR LIBRARY, V.
ED. E. B. BAX.
LONDON: DAVID NUTT, 1897.
PP. 68.13  - 71.30       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 73.12  - 77.18       (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 78.3   - 81.31       (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 98.25  - 103.17      (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 105.19 - 106.7       (SAMPLE 5)^]

<S SAMPLE 1> 
<P 68> 
[}PHILOSOPHY.}] 
   Hetherto it suffyseth that I haue shewed the maner and 
forme, of false felicite or blessednes, which if thou           #
beholdeste 
perfetlye, it restythe to declare from henceforthe, whyche is   #
the 
very true felicitie. 
   BOE: Truelye I do se, that ryches cannot be satisfied with 
suffysaunce, nor power wyth kyngedomes, nor reuerence with 
dygnities, not glory with nobilitie or ge~tles, nor myrth with 
pleasures. PHIL: And hast thou perceyued the causes why it 
is so? BO: Certes me semeth that I see them as it were 
thorowe a thynne or narrowe chyn or clyfte, that is to saye:    #
not 
very perfytlye, but I had leuer knowe them more apparauntly 
of the. PHIL: Truely the redye waye to knowe them is very 
perfytte. For that thinge, that by nature is symple plaine and 
inseperable, mans errour deuideth and separatith the same, and 
leadethe it from the true and perfyt good or felicitie, vnto    #
false 
and vnperfyt good, and infelicitie. But thynkest thou thys,     #
that 
a man hath nede of nothinge, that nedeth power? 
   BOE: I say nay. 
   PH: Trulye thou sayest well, for if there be anye thing that #
in 
any matter is of weke power, in that behalfe, it is nedefull 
that it wanteth and lacketh the helpe of som other. 
   BOE: I saye it is euen so. 
   PHIL: Therefore suffysaunce and power be both one and lyke 
by nature and kynde. 
   BOE: So it semethe. PHIL: And doest thou think that such 
thynges as suffisaunce, and power be, are to be dispysed, or 
<P 69> 
contrarye wyse, that they be most worthy reuerence aboue all 
thinges. BOE: I saye it is worthy reuerence and it may be no 
doute thereof. 
   PHIL: Let vs therefore conferre reuerence, to suffysaunce    #
and 
power, that we may iudge these three thynges, all one thynge. 
BOE: Let vs adde them together as one thynge, yf we wyll 
confesse the truthe. PHIL: What thynkest thou than, dooste 
thou iudge that to be an obscure and ignoble thynge, that is 
suffyasunt, myghty and reuerend, or els right clere and         #
excellent 
by al fame and renoune? And consider also whether that 
thinge, that hath nede of nothynge, that is moste myghtye, that 
is most worthy honor (as it is afore grau~ted) and hath nede    #
yet 
of fame and renoune, whyche it cannot geue vnto it selfe, 
shoulde it seeme for that moore abiecte or lesse estemed of any 
parte? 
   BOE: I can not denye it, but I muste nedes confesse it, as   #
it is 
in dede, ryght famous of renoune and noblenes. 
   PHIL: Then it is a consequence, that we confesse and graunt 
that glory and renoune nothynge differethe from the other       #
three, 
that is to say, from ryches, suffysaunce and power. 
   BOE: I saye it foloweth. 
   PHIL: Than the thinge that hath no nede of any other, that 
canne do all thinges of his owne myght, that is clere noble and 
reuerend: do not this truely appere to be a thynge moste 
ioyfull. 
   BOE: I saye I cannot certaynelye tell or thynke from whence 
any sorow maye happen to any such thynge. 
   PHIL: Then it is nede that we muste graunt this thinge to be 
full of gladenes, if the foresayd thynges remayne true. And     #
also 
we must nedes graunte that the names of suffisaunce, power, 
noblesse reuerence and gladnes, be dyuers and sondry thynges, 
but ther substaunce is all one, without any dyuersitie. 
   BOE: I saye it must nedes be euen so. 
   PHIL: Then the selfe same thynge that is all one and symple 
or pure of nature, and cannot be deuyded, the wyckednes of men 
deuydeth it, and when they labour to get part of a thyng that 
hath no partes, they nether gette anye porcion of the thynge, 
nor yet the selfe same thynge that they desyre. BOE: I saye 
after what maner do men deuyde the thynges. PHI: He that 
seketh ryches, to auoyde and defende pouertie, he laboureth not 
<P 70> 
to get power, but had leuer be accounted nedy vyle and pore, 
and also forgo and lose many naturall pleasures, then he wold 
lose the mony that he hath gotten. But by this meanes he that 
lacketh power, he that is greued, he that is vile or out cast,  #
and 
he that is of noo fame or of no reputation, hath no             #
suffysaunce. 
And truelye he that onely desyreth power, spendeth and 
wasteth riches, dispiseth pleasures and honoure wythoute power, 
and setteth not by glorye. But certes thou seyst that he        #
wanteth 
many thynges, and yet happethe that he hath sometyme nede 
of thynges necessarye, and is bitten or greued wyth care and 
anguyshe. And when he cannot put awaye these thyngs, he 
cesseth and is not myghtye, whych is y=e= thing that he mooste 
cheyfely desyred. And lykewyse a man may reson and speake 
of honors, glorye, and pleasuers, as of power, and suffysaunce. 
For when euerye one of them is the selfe same, and lyke the     #
other, 
whosoeuer seketh to get any one of them w=t=out the others,     #
certes 
he hath not that he desyrethe. BOE. I saye what than, yf a 
man coueteth to gette all the~ to gether. PHIL. Certes I wolde 
say that he woulde get hym soueraigne felicitie and blessednes. 
But shoulde he fynde the same soueraygne felicitie, in thynges, 
that I haue shewed that cannot geue and performe that thing 
that they do promes? 
   BOE: I saye they cannot.
   PHIL: Therefore blessednes or perfyt felicitie should be     #
sought 
for, in noo wyse in the thynges that are thoughte to geue but   #
one 
thing singulerly, of all thynges that are to be desyred. 
   BO: I saye I confesse the same and nothynge can be sayde 
more true then that. 
   PHIL: Therefore haste thou bothe the forme and the causes of 
false felicitie. Nowe turne the inwarde thoughte of thy mynde, 
vnto the contrary, for there thou shalt see anone the same true 
and perfyt felicitie and blessednes, that I haue promysed. 
   B: Truly I say this is very playne and euident, and it were 
to a blyndman, and thou dyddyst shew the same trewe and perfyt 
felicitie a lytell before, when thou dyddyste laboure to shewe 
me the causes of false felicitie. For (except I be deceyued) 
the same is the treue and perfyt felicitie or blessednes that 
perfourmeth in ma~ suffisance power, reuerence, noblesse, and 
gladnes. And that thou mayste knowe that I do perceyue the 
same inwardely I do confesse vndoutedlye that the same is the 
<P 71> 
full and perfyt felicitie or blessednes, that maye truely       #
perfourme 
one of the sayd thynges, for by cause they all be one, and 
the selfe same thynge, and not dyuers thynges in substaunce,    #
that 
is to say, suffysaunce, power, reuerence, noblesse, and ioye or 
gladnes. PHYL: O my chyld Boece I perceue thou art happye 
or blessed in thys opinion, yf thou wylte put thereto this,     #
that 
I shal say. 
   BOE: I saye what is that. 
   PHI: Thynkest thou that there be anye thynge in these 
worldly and transitorye thynges y=t= may bring in or shew any 
such state. 
   BOE: I say I thinke not. For thou hast shewed that nothynge 
can be desyred, aboue perfytte felicitie. 
   PHIL: Therfore these worldlye thynges, that is to saye 
worldelye suffisaunce, power reuere~ce nobles and pleasures, 
semethe to geue vnto men the symylitudes or lykenes, of true 
good, or ells to geue certaine vnperfit and fained goodes: for 
truly they cannot geue the true and perfyt good. 
   BOE: I say I graunt the same. 
   PHIL: Now for bycause thou hast knowen whyche is the 
same verye true and perfytte felicitie, and whyche fayneth, or  #
dissymulythe 
the same, that is to saye, that shewethe the false felicitie, 
then nowe it resteth that thou mayst knowe where thou 
mayste seke for this trewe felicitie. 
   BOECIUS: Certes that thynge I saye, I greately loked for     #
nowe 
of late. PHYLOSOPHY: But forsomuch as it pleseth my scoler 
Plato, in his boke, named Thimeo, he saith that in the lest 
thynges of all, the helpe of God, ought to be required. What 
thynkest y=u= now to be done, that we maye deserue to fynde the 
sete or place of the same soueraygne good? 

<S SAMPLE 2> 
<P 73> 
[}PHILOSOPHY.}] 
   For by cause thou hast sene whiche is the forme of perfytte 
good, and whych also is the forme of imperfette good. Nowe I 
thynke it mete to declare wherein thys perfytte good or         #
felicitie 
is set. In the which I do iudge to inquyre fyrste, whether anye 
suche perfit good (as the same that thou a litel before dyddyst 
defyne or determine) myght be in the nature of thyngs, that no 
vayne imaginacion or shadowe deceyue vs, and put vs out of the 
trewth of the thynge or matter, that we be aboute to talke of. 
And it cannot be denyed, but that there is parfytte good: And 
the same good is the fountayne of al good. For why? euery 
thyng that is called vnparfytte, the same is taken vnperfit by 
diminishing of y=e= thing that is perfytte. Whereby it commethe 
to passe, that yf (in any kynde of thynge) any thing is sene to 
be vnperfytte, therin, it is necessary that somthyng be also 
parfytte. For yf parfection be taken awaye, certes it cannot be 
imagyned from whence that thynge is, that is adiudged           #
vnparfytte. 
For the nature of thynges toke neuer any begynnynge 
of thynges dymynished and vnparfitte but procedynge from 
hole and parfytte thynges, came downe or descended into these 
lower and baren thynges. And (as I haue shewed a litel before) 
if ther be any felicitie or blessednes vnperfyte vayne or       #
frayle, 
it may not be doubted but that there is some felicitie and 
blessednes that is hole and perfyt. BOE: I saye it is fyrmely 
and truely concluded. PHIL. But consider after this maner, 
wherein perfytte felicitie dwellethe. 
   The common conceyte of mans minde do proue, that God is 
<P 74> 
the soueraygne and cheyfe good of al things. For whe~ nothyng 
maye be thought better then God, what man doutyth that 
thinge to be good when nothynge is better than it. Euen soo 
truelye, reason declareth that GOD is good, that it maye        #
conclude 
also, that perfyt good is in him. For except it were soo, he 
canne not be prynce and soueraynge of all thynges. For          #
somethyng 
hauing perfytte good, shoulde be better then he, and it 
shulde seme that that same thing were before and of more 
antiquitie or elder then God. For all thynges perfytte, are 
manyfest and do appere to be fyrst, before things that be 
vnperfyt. Wherefore, that my reason goeth not fourth            #
infynytely, 
or wythoute ende, we muste graunte the hyghe God 
to be full of soueraygne and perfytte good. And we haue         #
confyrmed 
and establyshed before, that perfit good is true felicitie 
or blessednes. Therfore it muste nedes be, that trewe           #
felycitie, 
or blissednes: is set in the high God. BOE: I do graunt it, and 
it maye not be denyed by any meanes. 
   PHYLO: But I beseche the, se howe fyrmelye, and howe holy 
thou mayst proue, that we haue sayde, that the hyghe almyghty 
God, is full of soueraygne good. BOE: Howe should I proue it. 
   P: Dost thou thinke that the father of al things hath taken 
from any outwarde thinge the same soueraygne good, whereof 
it is sayde he is ful, or els thynkest thou that he hath it 
naturallye of hymselfe? As thoughe thou shouldyst thinke that 
God hymselfe and the blessednes of God be of dyuers distyncte 
substaunce and not vnite all in one or of one onely substaunce? 
For yf thou thynkest that God hath receyued the sayde good 
outwardlye of any other, thou mayst iudge and esteme the same 
that gaue it hym, better and more excellent then he that 
receyueth it. But I do confesse that God is ryght worthylye 
mooste soueraygne and excellent of all thynges. And truely 
yf soueraygne good be in GOD by nature, but yet by reason 
dyueres, when we speke of God the soueraygne prynce of all 
thyng, let hym faine that can, who hath ioyned together these 
diuers thynges, that is to say, God and soueraygne good.        #
Farthermore 
the thinge that differeth from euery thing, the same is not 
the verye same thynge, that it differeth from. So that the      #
thing 
that diffreth from soueraygne good, is not by nature of it      #
selfe, 
the same soueraygne good. But it were a wycked thynge or 
wronge so to thynke of that thinge, that is to say: of God,     #
that 
<P 75> 
excelleth and passethe all other in goodnes. For alwayes the 
nature of nothynge maye be thought to be better then the 
begynnyng of the same thyng. Wherefore I shall conclude by 
good reason, that the thynge, that is, the begynning of all 
thynges is of hys owne substau~ce soueraygne good. 
   BOE: I saye it is wel concluded. 
   PHIL: But it is graunted before that soueraygne good, is     #
perfytte 
felycitie and blessednes. 
   B: I saye no lesse but it is euen soo. 
   PHIL: Therfor it behoueth to confesse that God is the same 
soueraygne good. B: I saye I can not auoyde, the resons 
before alledged. And I do perceyue that thys thyng shewed of 
them, is a very consequence to the thyngs. PHIL: Beholde now 
whether thys thynge maye be proued hereafter more firmely, that 
two soueraign good thynges that dyffer one from another, may 
not be. For it apperethe that the goodes that dyffer of them 
selfe, can not be all one thynge: Therefore nether of them      #
canne 
be perfytte when that one of them hath nede of the other. But 
it is manyfest that the same, that is vnperfytte, is not        #
soueraygne 
and perfytte. Therefore the goodes that be soueraygne, by no 
meanes may be dyuers or dyffer one from another. Soo then I 
have proued and gathered that both blessednes and God, be 
soueraigne good. Wherefore it behoueth that the soueraygne 
dyuinitie, is the same lyke thyng, as soueraygne blessednes 
or felicitie. BOE: I saye that by thys meanes nothyng may be 
concluded more true, nor more firme by reasoning, nor more 
worthy, then God. PHI: Therefore vpon these thynges, (as the 
Geometricians are wonte to brynge in thynges, that they call 
apparaunces after they haue shewed their propositions) eue~ so 
wyll I geue the as a correlary or conclusyon, for bycause that  #
men 
be made blessed by obteyning of blessednes, and that blessednes 
is the same dyuinitie, it is manyfest y=t= men be made blessed  #
by 
optaining of the diuinitie. And as men be made iuste by 
obtaynyng of Iustice, and wyse by obteynyng of wysedome: So 
by lyke reson it behoueth that men y=t= haue gotten diuinitie,  #
be 
made gods. Then is euery blessyd man a God: But certes by 
nature, there is but one God, albeit by participacion of        #
dyuynitie, 
no thyng letteth, or prohibyteth, but there be many Goddes. 
   BOE: I saye this is a gaye, and a precious thynge, whether 
thou woldest call it apparens, or a conclusion. PH: And certes 
<P 76> 
nothyng is fayrer, or more goodly then this thyng, that reason 
perswaded shulde be added to these forsayde thynges. BOE: I 
saye what thyng is it. PHY: When blyssednes semeth to contayne 
many thyngs, it is to doubte, whether all these thynges do 
ioyne togyther, as it were one body of blyssednes, by certayne 
diuersytie, or varyete of partes, or membres, or whether there  #
be 
any one thynge, of them that of it self acco~plisheth the       #
substaunce 
of blyssednes, vnto the whiche all the other be referred. BOE: 
I saye, I wolde thou woldest open the same vnto me, by example 
of the same thynges. PHI: Haue I not iudged that blissednes 
is good. BOE: I say we haue thought it souerayne good. PHIL: 
It behoueth that thou adde souerayne good to all these thinges 
that folowe. [^A FULL STOP ADDED^] For blissednes, is           #
sufferayne suffysaunce, the same 
is soueraygne power, the same is soueraygne reuerence, the      #
same is 
soueraigne clerenes, and the same is demed to be soueraygne 
pleasure. BOE: What then? PHIL: Be all these thynges, that 
is to saye: suffysaunce, power, and the other thynges, as it    #
were 
membres of blissednes? or whether be they all referred vnto 
good, as vnto the chyefe of them. BO: I say, I perceiue well 
what thou preposyst to serch out, but I desyre to here what     #
thou 
defynest or dost determyne. PHY: Vnderstande thou the solucion 
of the questyon thus. If all these thynges, were membres of     #
blyssednes: 
then shoulde they dyffer one from another. For suche is 
the nature of partes, that dyuers partes or me~bres do make one 
bodye. BOE: Truely, all these thinges haue ben shewed before, 
to be all one thinge. PHI: Then be they no membres, or els 
it shoulde seme, that blyssednes were ioyned, or made al of one 
me~bre, which can not be. BOE: I say it is, no doute, but I     #
loke 
for the resydue of thy question that remaineth. P: Truelye 
it is manyfest that all other things be referred vnto good. For 
therefore suffysaunce is requyred, by cause it is thought to be #
good. 
Therefore power, is desired, for it is thoughte also to be      #
good. 
And lykewyse a man may coniecture of reuerence, noblesse, and 
plesure or delyghte. Then is soueraygne good the effecte and 
cause of all thynges that are to be desyred. For that thinge    #
that 
hath no good in it self not symylytude or likenes of good, by   #
no 
meanes ought to be desyred. And on the contrary wise those 
thynges also, that by nature be not good, yet yf they seeme to 
be as they were verye good, they be desyred: whereby it         #
happethe 
that bountye or goodnes, is thought ryghtfully the verye 
<P 77> 
effecte and cause of all thynges to be desyred or loked for.    #
For 
that thyng semeth cheyfly to be desyred or wished, for the      #
cause 
or loue, wherof any thing is desyred. As yf a man would ryde 
for cause of helth, he desyreth not so much the mouing to ryde, 
as the effect of his helth. Therfore when that all thyngs be 
desyred, for the cause and loue of good, they be not desyred 
rather of al me~, the~ the same good. But we haue graunted that 
felicitie or blessednes is the thinge for the whyche all other 
thynges be desyred: wherefore onely felicitie or blessednes is 
sought for. Whereby it appereth clerely, that there is but one 
substaunce of the same good, and of blessednes or felicitie. 
   BOE: I se nothyng why any man may conte~de or say any thing 
to the contrarye 
   PHIL: But we haue shewed before that God and perfet          #
blessednes 
or felicitie, is all one, and the selfe same thing. BOE: I 
say the same. PHIL: Therefore it is lawefull to conclude        #
safelye 
and truelye, that the substaunce of God, is sette also in the   #
same 
good, and not ells where, in any other thynge. 

<S SAMPLE 3> 
<P 78> 
[}BOECIUS.}] 
   I assent to all thy sayinges, for they all be knytt to       #
gether with 
ryghte stronge reasons. 
   PHIL: Howe muche wylte thou esteme it, if thou knowest 
what thynge the sayde good is? 
   BOE: I wyll esteme it aboue all things if it so happen that  #
I 
maye knowe also there withall, God that is good. PHIL: Certes 
I shall open the same by very good reason, so that the thynges, 
that be concluded a lytle before, do yet remayne in thy mynde. 
BOECIUS: I saye they shall remayne. PH: Haue I not shewed 
the that the same thinges that be desyred of many folke, that   #
is 
to say: suffysaunce, reuerence, power, and such other be not 
true, and perfyt goodes, by cause they vary and dyffer one from 
another? and that when the one is without the other it may not 
brynge in suche good that is full and absolute, that is to      #
saye, 
hauynge nede of nothyng? But we haue shewed before, that then 
it is trewe and perfyt good when that all the sayd thynges be 
gathered together, as into one forme, that is to saye into      #
good, 
so that the same that is suffysaunce, is power, reuerence,      #
noblesse, 
and delight. And truely except all the sayde thinges be one 
without diuersite, they haue nothynge in them whereby they 
shoulde be accountyd emongeste thynges that are to be desyred. 
BOE: I saye it is declared alredy, and no man maye doughte 
thereof. 
   PHIL: Then the thynges that do vary and dyffer, be no        #
goodes. 
But when they haue begonne to be al one thynge then they be 
goodes. Do it not happen that these thynges be good by adoption 
or optaynyng of vnitie? 
   BOE: So I saye it semeth. PHIL: But al that is good,         #
grauntest 
thou to be good perticipation or partakyng, or not? BOE: It 
is so. PHIL: Then thou muste nedes graunt by lyke reason, that 
one and good, be all one thynge. For there is but one           #
substaunce 
of such thynges, whose effecte is not naturally dyuers. 
   BOE: I saye I cannot denye it. P: Hast thou not knowen 
the~ that euery thing that is, do so longe remayne and dwel 
together, as long as it is all one? And when it cessethe and is 
<P 79> 
not all one that then it dyeth and dyssolueth together? BOE: 
By what meanes? PHILO: As in beastes, when the soule or lyfe 
and the body, do ioyne together in one, and so remayn and dwel, 
it is called a beast. And when y=t= vnitie of them both is      #
dissolued 
by separacion of the one from the other then it appereth that   #
it 
dyeth and is no longer a beste. And lykewyse the body of 
mankynde, when it remayneth in one forme by coniunction or 
ioynynge together of the me~bers or lymmes, the fygure of man 
is sene, but yf the partes of the bodye (beynge distributed and 
seperated one from another) haue distroyed the vnitie, the body 
is not as it was before. And whosoeuer woulde serche other 
thynges, after the same maner it wyl appere, y=t= euery thyng   #
wyl 
remayn in his proper substaunce whyle it is all one. And when 
it is no more all one, it dyeth. B: When I consyder w=c= my     #
self 
many thynges, yet it semeth that it is none other thyng, then 
thou hast saide. PHI: Therfore is there any thyng, that (in 
as moche as it worketh naturally) leueth the appetyte and       #
desyre 
of beynge, or of substaunce, and desyreth to come to death and 
corruption? BO: If I consyder the beastes that haue any nature 
to wyll or not to wyll: I fynde nothing (excepte it be          #
compelled 
by outwarde vyolence) that forsaketh the intente or desyre to 
lyue, and hastyth of fre wyll to dye. For euery beaste          #
labourethe 
to defende and kepe his lyfe and to eschew deathe and           #
distruction. 
But I dought muche what I maye iudge of herbes, and 
trees, and of such things that haue no lyuynge soules, nor      #
felynge 
at al as bestes haue. PHIL: Certes thereof thou mayst no dout, 
when thou lokeste on the hearbes and trees, howe they do growe, 
and flowryshe in places, conuenient for them, wher they cannot 
lightly wyther nor drye so longe as theyr nature may kepe them. 
For some of them do growe and sprynge in the feldes, other in 
the mountaynes, other in the marish, and other do cleue to the 
rockes or stones, some be grosse and plentyful some be lene and 
baren, whych would drye awaye yf a man go aboute to conuey 
the~ into any other places then such they be in al readie. For 
nature geueth to euerye thinge, that thynge that is conuenient, 
and laboureth to lyue and not to die, whiles they may haue 
strengthe to contynue. What shall I saye that they all do take 
there noryshynge from their rotes, as thoughe they had mouthes 
fastened in the earthe, and spredeth their nourishyng by the 
pyth, by the wod and by the barke? And what wylt thou saye: 
<P 80> 
that  the softest thynge suche as the pyth of tre is, in the    #
myddest, 
is defended wyth a certayne hardnes of the wode, and the barke 
is sette vttermoste of all, agaynst the intemperaunce of the    #
ayer, 
as a defender to sustayne the hurt that may fal? And thus thou 
mayst see howe greate is the dyligence of nature, for al        #
thinges 
be renued with multiplication of sede, whiche sedes who doth 
not know but that they be as certayne instrumentes not onelye   #
to 
tary for a tyme, but also to remayne for euer, by generation or 
successyon. And also the thyngs that men do think haue no 
soules, do not euery of them desyre (by lyke reson) to kepe     #
that 
is hys owne? wherfore els doth lightnes bere vpward the flames 
of the fyer, and grauitie or heuynes presse downe the erth but 
that the same places and mouings do best agre so, for euery of 
them. And farthermore euery thyng, kepethe that thynge, that 
is agreyng and according to it, ryght as the thynges that be 
contrarye, corrupteth and dystroyeth it. 
   Nowe truely the thynges that be hard as stones, do cleue so 
fast together, to theyr partes and defend them self, that they  #
maye 
not be easylye deuided or broken a sonder. But veryly, the 
thynges that be soft and lyquyd, as the ayer and the water, do 
lyghtly geue place to any thyng that deuydeth them, but yet 
they do quyckely come together and ioygne vnto the partes, 
from the whyche they be deuyded. But the fyre wyll in noo 
wyse deuyded, but refuseth all dyuisyon. And I do not speke 
nowe of the voluntarye mouynges of the soule, that hath         #
knowledge, 
but of the natural intencion of thynges, euen as it is that 
we do digest meates, that we haue eten without thynkyng thereon 
howe it is digested and as we do take wynde and breathe in      #
slepe, 
not knowyng thereof. For certes, the loue in beastes to tary,   #
or 
lyue, commeth not of the wyll of the soule, but of the          #
begynnynges 
and instyncte workes of nature. For certes the wyll 
often tymes embraseth death, when that causes co~pelleth the 
same, whiche death nature feareth. And contrarywyse, other 
whyles the wyll compelleth vnto the thyng, that nature alwaies 
desireth, that is the worke of generacion, wherby onelye the 
contynuaunce of mortall thynges, endureth. And this loue or 
appetyte that euerye thynge hathe to it selfe, procedeth not,   #
nor 
cometh of the mocion of the soule: but by naturall intencion. 
For the prouydence, or wysdom of God, hath giuen vnto thynges 
that he hath creat this, that is to saye: a great cause to      #
contynewe 
<P 81> 
styll, in as moche as they desyre naturally to lyue as longe 
as they may. Wherfore there is nothynge that thou nedest to 
doubte in any maner, for all thynges that be: desyreth          #
naturally 
stedfast dwellyngs, and to eschewe distruction. BOE: I confesse 
that I do se nowe without any doubte, the thynges that of late, 
semed vncertayne vnto me. PHY: Certes, the thynge that desyreth 
to be and remayne alwaies, desyreth to be one and not 
dyuers. For yf that one, were taken away and dystroyed: certes 
there shulde remayne no beynge to any thynge. 
   BOECIUS: I saye, it is trewe. PHI: Therfore al thinges 
desyreth one. BOE: I haue graunted. 
   PHY: Then I haue shewed that the same one thinge, is the 
thing that is good. BO: Ye truly. 
   PHY: Then all thynges desyreth good, and that thou mayst 
descrybe and decerne thus, the same good is the thinge that is 
desyred of all men. 
   BOE: I saye nothyng maye be thought more true, for either al 
thyngs be brought to nothing and do wander withoute a gouernour 
of gyde destitute and spoyled of one, as of their head and 
beginning, or if there be any thinge wherevnto all thynges, 
draweth, that thynge is the soueraign of al goodes. 
   PHI: O my norished child I am glad of the, for thou hast 
fastened in thy mynde, and thought, the verye marke of perfette 
truthe, but in thys it appereth to the that thou saydist a      #
lytel 
before that thou diddest not knowe, or were ignorant. 
   BOE: What is it? PHIL: Certes thou saidest thou wist not 
what was the ende of all thinges: surely the same ende is the 
thyng that is desired of all men. 
   And forasmuch as we haue gathered that good is the thynge 
that is desired of all, it behoueth that we confesse and agree  #
that 
good is the ende of all thinges. 

<S SAMPLE 4> 
<P 98> 
[}BOECIUS.}] 
   Then I saye, I graunt that thou haste sayde. And I perceyue 
that wycked folke may be sayde ryght well to be chau~ged into 
beastes, by y=e= qualitie of their mind or thought, although    #
they 
kepe the forme of mans body. But I wolde not that it were leful 
for them to do the wickednes or bestly thoughtes, whose 
mynde being cruell and wicked, waxeth wode in destruction of 
good folk. P: Certes it is not lawefull for them, as it shalbe 
shewed in place conueniente. But yet if the selfe same thynge 
(that is thoughte to be lawefull for wycked folke, to do) be    #
taken 
away from them, soo that they myght not hurte good folke 
a grete part of the payne of the wiked folke, shoulde then be 
reuealed and shewed. For it semeth perchaunce incredible 
to some folke, that it behoueth that wycked folke be more 
vnhappye when they haue accomplyshed ther desyres, then 
<P 99> 
if they myght not performe and do the same, that they desyre. 
For if it be a wretched thyng to wyll to do euyll thynges, It   #
is a 
more wretched thyng to haue myght to do it, without whych 
myght theffect and dede of the wicked will, should fayle. 
   And nowe synce that euery of the sayde thynges, that is to   #
say 
wyll, myght, and effect, hath his own mysery, it behoueth that  #
the 
wycked (whome thou seyst to wyl and may do wyckednes) 
be greued w=c= three folde myscheyfe. 
   BOECI: I saye I graunt the same, but I herteley desyre that 
the wycked folke (forsakynge the power to do euyll) maye sone 
lacke the sayde thre folde myschyfe. P: So shall they want 
peraduenture sooner then eyther thou wouldeste be sorye they 
shoulde, or that they themselfe wene, that they shall wante.    #
For 
there is nothyng so durable in so shorte bonds of this lyfe,    #
that 
the myndes (specially immortal) do thynke longe to abyde and 
endure. Of whyche foresayde wycked the gret hope and the gret 
compassing power of wyckednes, is oft distroyed with sodayne 
ende, and er they beware thereof: which foresayde sodden 
destructyon, truelye hathe appoynted them an ende of theyr 
wretchednes. 
   For yf wyckednes makethe wycked folke then must he nedes 
be most wycked that longest is wycked. Whyche foresayde 
wycked folke I would iudge most vnhappye or caytyfe, if that 
extreme death at lest waye dyd not finish their wyckednes. 
   For if I haue truely concluded of the myschyfe of the wycked 
folke, then it apperethe that their wyckednes is withoute ende 
whyche appereth to be eternall or euer contynuyng. BOE: I 
saye this is a merueylous and a hard conclusion, to graunt: but 
I do knowe that the same doo wel agre to the thynges that were 
graunted before. PHIL: Thou iudgest well in this, but he that 
thynkethe it a harde thynge to agre to the conclusion, it       #
behoueth 
hym to shew eyther that some false thynge hath gone before, or 
ells he must shewe that the conferrynge of proposions is not 
effectuall or maketh no force of a necessary conclusion, Or els 
yf he graunt the thinges precedent there is no cause at all,    #
whye 
that he should complayne vpon the argument. For thys thynge 
that I shall say now shall no lesse seme maruaylous, but is soo 
necessarye to be concluded, of the thinges that be concluded    #
before. 
   BOE: I saye, tell me what is it? 
   PHIL: Certes the sayd wycked folke be more happye and 
<P 100> 
blessed that be ponyshed for their desertes, then yf no         #
ponyshment 
of right do chastyce them at all. And I do not intend thys 
now, for that any man myght thynke that the wycked maners of 
men be corrected by ponishment, and that they be brought to the 
ryght waye for feare of ponishment, nor for that their payne    #
and 
ponyshment shoulde be an example to others, to eschewe vyce 
and wyckednes, but I doo iudge that the wycked folke that be 
iustlye ponyshed be more blessed after another maner, the~ for  #
y=e= 
sayd .ii. causes though no maner of correctyon nor respect of 
example be had. 
   BOE: I saye what shalbe that maner besydes the sayd other. 
PHIL: Haue we not graunted that good men be happy and 
blessed, and euyll folke wretched. BOE. I say it is so. PHIL: 
Then yf anye good be added or put to the wretchednes of any 
man, is not he more happy then the man, whose myserye is pure 
withoute myxture of anye good wyth such mysery or wretchednes. 
B. I say it semeth so as thou sayest. PH. What if some other 
euyll (besydes the euyl he hath alredi) were annexed vnto y=t= 
same wretche that wanteth al good, sholde he not be demed 
more wycked then he a great deale whose euyll is tempered and 
mytigated with y=e= distribution or partakyng of suche good. 
BOE: I saye what ells. PHIL. Then certes the wicked folke 
when they be ponished, haue some good annexed, That is to 
saye: theyr payne and ponishement that they suffer, whych is 
good, by reason of iustyce. And there is in the same wicked 
folke (when they be vnponyshed) some other euyll, that is to 
saye: the lacke of ponyshment, whyche lacke of ponyshme~t (for 
desert of wickednes) thou hast graunted to be euyll. BOE: I 
cannot denye it. PHIL: Then such wycked folk be more wycked 
when they be wrongfullye perdoned and delyuered from            #
ponyshment, 
then when they be ponyshed by iust iudgement. And so 
it is manyfest that it is ryght to ponyshe wycked folke, and 
that it is a wicked thing to let them escape vnponyshed. 
   BOE: Who wyll denye the same. 
   PHIL: Certes no man can deni al thing to be good, that is 
iust and ryghte, and on the other syde the thyng that is vniust 
and false, appereth to be euyll. BOE. I say Certes, that these 
thinges be consequences, to the thyngs that be concluded a 
lytell before. But I praye the tell me, dost thou thynke that   #
any 
ponyshment is lefte for the soule after that the body is dede? 
<P 101> 
   PHIL. Ye truelye and that very great ponishment, of the      #
whyche 
soules I thynke that some be tormented with intollerable payne, 
and other be ponyshed by the meke paines of purgatorye, but I 
am not now mynded to speke of suche thynges. But I haue 
spoken hytherto that thou myghtest know, y=t= the myght and 
power of wycked folke (that semed to the most vnworthy) is no 
myght nor power. And that the wycked folke that y=u=            #
complaynest 
vpon that they were vnpunyshed, thou sawest dyd 
neuer wa~t due ponyshment for their wyckednes. And thou 
dyddest praye that the power and myght, in malyce that the 
wicked folke had agaynst the good folke, shortlye to be ended. 
And that thou myghtest perceyue that it is not long, and that 
y=e= myght of the wycked were more vnhappye yf it were          #
continuall 
or longe enduryng, and that it is most vnhappye if it 
were perdurable, and should neuer cese. And furthermore it 
is proued that the wycked folke that be let go without iust 
ponyshment, be more wycked then when they be ponyshed by 
iust iudgemente. And to thys sentence it is a consequence, that 
then at the last the wycked folke be turmented with more 
greuous ponyshments, when they seme to be vnponyshed. 
BOE. When that I do consyder thy resones (I say) I do thinke 
that nothing is sayde moore true. But if I tourne agayne to 
the iudgementes of the comen people, what man is there that 
not onely semed to haue beleuyd these thynges, but at lest way 
to haue hard these thynges? PHI. It is euen so. For the 
commen people cannot lift vp their eyes (that be vsed to 
darkenes) vnto y=e= light of the very truth, but they be like   #
vnto 
birdes whose sight the night doth lyghten and the daye doth 
blynde. For whyles the commen people do not beholde the 
order of thynges, but theyr own affectes and desyres, they do 
iuge that eyther the power of the wycked agaynst good folke, 
or their escapyng from ponyshment is happy and blessed. But 
se what Goddes lawe apopynteth. If thou conforme thy mynde 
to the beste thynges, thou hast nede of no iuge that shal       #
rewarde 
the, for thou hast applyed thy selfe to the most excellent and 
beste thynges. But if thou hast turnyd thy mynde vnto euyll 
thinges, as vnto vyce, seke not anye outewarde ponysher without 
thy selfe, for thou hast cast thy selfe into the worste         #
thynges. 
Like as if thou shouldest loke vpon the foule erth and heuen in 
order (all outwarde thynges leyde apart for the tyme) then it 
<P 102> 
should seme to the by reson of lokyng, that thou were now 
present in the sterres and now in the foule earthe. But the 
commen people beholde not these thynges. What than, shall 
we ioyne vnto these comen people whych (I haue shewed) be 
like vnto beastes? What woldest thou say yf that a man had 
vtterly lost his sight and also hadde forgotten that euer he    #
sawe, 
and yet dyd thynke that he lacked nothing of the perfection of 
a man would not we that saw the same iuge that he were blynde. 
For the common people woulde not beleue the thynge that I 
shall saye, whyche is sustayned by as strong groundes of        #
reason, 
that is, that they that do wronges be more wretched the~ they 
that suffer wrong. BOE. I saye I wold fayne heare these 
reasones. PHIL. Wilt thou denye that all wycked folk be not 
worthy ponishment. BOETI. No. PH. Truely it appereth 
diuers wayes that they that be euyll be wycked. BOE. I saye 
it is euen so. PHI. Then thou doughtest not that they that be 
worthye ponyshmente be wretches. BOE. I saye it behoueth 
so. PHIL. If thou that satiste as a iudge, whether wouldest 
thou thynke hym worthy ponyshement that hathe done wrong, 
or he that hath suffered wro~g? BOE. I saye I woulde no doute 
but I would satisfye and contente hym that hath suffered wronge 
with the ponysment of hym that dyd the wrong. PHI. Then 
it semethe the, that he that doth wrong is more wretche then he 
that taketh wronge. BOE. I saye it foloweth well. PHI.          #
Therefore 
for thys cause and for other lyke causes of the same sorte, 
it appeareth that syns of it self, by nature maketh men         #
wretches. 
And it semeth to euerye man that the wronge that is done, is 
not the wretchednes of hym that taketh the wrong but of hym 
that doeth the wrong. BOE. Certes the orators do contrarye 
for they so labour to moue the iudge, to haue pitie vpon the~, 
that haue done some haynous and greuous offence, where as 
more pytie ought to be shewed vnto them that haue suffred 
wrong and it behoueth that they y=t= haue done such offences 
should be broughte (not with angre, but rather with merciful 
accusers) vnto iudgemente, as sycke folke be broughte vnto the 
physicion, that the iudge myght put awaye the syckenes, of the 
offence, with ponyshment, by whych meanes the dyligence of 
the orators should either holye cesse, or els if they would     #
profyte 
offenders, their diligence shoulde be turned into the habyte of 
accusation, that is to say they shoulde rather accuse           #
offenders, 
<P 103> 
then excuse them or intreate for them. And so the offenders 
(if it were lawefull for them to se by any chyn or clifte the 
vertue and goodnes that they haue loste, and that they shoulde 
expulse the vylenes of theyr synnes, by torme~tes of paynes, to 
optayne some recompence of theyr goodnes) woulde not esteme 
thys for ponyshments, but wold forsake the diligence of suche 
orators and defenders, and commyt them selfe holy to the        #
accusars 
and to the iudges. Whereby it happeth that hatred hath no 
place emongeste wise me~. For who hateth good folk but he be 
a very fole? And he hath no wyt that hateth wicked folke. 
For lyke as syckenes is the dyssease of the bodye, euen so vyce 
and synne is as the syckenes of the mynde, or soule. And when 
we doo iudge that men that be sycke in their bodyes, be not 
worthy to be hated but rather worthy to be pytied, eue~ so much 
the more are they not to be hated, but to be pitied whose 
myndes wickednes greaueth, that is more fierse and cruell, than 
any syckenes of the body. 

<S SAMPLE 5> 
<P 105> 
[}BOECIUS.}] 
   I saye it is euen so. But forasmuch as it is in thy goodnes  #
to 
declare vnto me the hyd, and secrete causes of thynges, and to 
shewe me the darke reasones thereof, I pray the that thou 
wouldest dispute and iudg of the same secrete causes, for this 
wonder or meruayle troubleth me gretely. P. Then philosophye 
smylynge a lytle thereat, sayd: thou requyrest me to 
shewe the, the greteste thinge of all thynges that maye be 
requyred, wherevnto scarse any thinge is left sufficiente to    #
resolue 
the same. For the matter that thou askest is such, that one 
dought beyng determyned, other doughtes innumerable do ryse 
vp thereof, as the heades of the serpent Hidra: And there 
shoulde be no ende of the same doubtes, except a man kept in, 
the same doutes wyth the quicke fyer, or serche of the wytte. 
For in thys matter men be wont to inquyre of the symplicitie or 
puritie, of gods ordinaunce, of the order of destinye, of       #
sodayne 
chaunces of fortune, of the diuine knowledge and                #
predestinacion, 
and of the libertie of fre wyll. All whyche thynges, of howe 
greate wayte and difficultye they be of, for to determyne, thou 
thy selfe doeste verye well perseyue. But forasmuch as it is 
<P 106> 
parte of thy medicine, for the to know these thynges, although  #
I 
haue lytle leysure to do it, yet I wyl endeuor my selfe to      #
declare 
somwhat thereof. But if the swetenes of the versys or metyr of 
musycke, do delyght the any thynge at all, thou must defer and 
put of a lytle that delyght, vntyll I shall forme certayne      #
reasones 
ioyned in order, together for that purpose. BOE: I say do what 
it please the. 

<Q E1 XX PHILO BOETHCO> 
<N BOETH1 COLVILLE> 
<A COLVILLE GEORGE> 
<C E1> 
<O 1500-1570> 
<M X> 
<K X> 
<D ENGLISH> 
<V PROSE> 
<T PHILOSOPHY> 
<G TRANSL> 
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

<P 106>
PHIL. Then spake phylosophy thus as one that 
began to speake by another principle. The generacion of all 
thynges, and the procedynges of natures mutabilitie, and all 
other thynge that moueth now taketh their causes, order, 
and fourme by the stedfastnes of gods wyll and pleasure. And 
the same, that is to saye: goddes wyll and plesure, beyng 
set fast in the towre, or profounde altitude of hys simplicitie #
or 
puritie, hath appoynted many maners or wayes, for thynges to 
be done: whych wayes or maners, when they be conceyued in the 
puritie of the dyuyne intelligence, it is named prouidence or 
ordynaunce. But when the sayde maner or wayes is referred by 
men vnto the thynge that mouethe and disposeth, it is called of 
olde folke, destinye. Whyche thynges, that is to say,           #
prouidence 
and destenie, shal easely appere to be contrary thynges, yf a   #
man 
wyll well consyder in hys mynde the strength of them both. For 
prouydence is the same deuyne or godly reason that is           #
established 
in the soueraine hygh prynce of al thynges, which godly reso~   #
diiposeth 
and apointeth al things. But destinie is a disposicion, 
cleuyng vnto mutable or temporal thinges, by which dispositio~, 
prouide~ce knitteth al thinges in order. For prouide~ce         #
embrasethe 
all thynges together in one, although they be dyuers and        #
infinite. 
But destynye deuydeth all thynges being distributed in mouing, 
places, formes, and tymes, as thus. Thys explycacion or         #
declaracion 
of temporall order, that appertayneth vnto destynye, being 
vnite or knytte together, in the syght of gods thought, is      #
called 
prouydence or ordynaunce. But the vniting of such ordynaunce 
temporall, beynge deuyded and shewed in successyon of tymes, 
may be called destinie. Which destinie and prouydence, 
althoughe they be dyuers, yet the one of them dependeth vpon 
the other. For the order of destinie procedeth and commethe of 
the simplicitie or puritie of gods prouidence. For lyke as a 
workeman conceyuing in his mynde the forme or fashyon of the 
thyng that he is about to make, moueth and goeth aboute 
theffecte of his worke, and ledeth by temporal or bodily        #
ordynaunces 
<P 107> 
the thing that he had conceyued symply and presently 
in his thought, euen so certainelye god by his prouidence or 
ordinau~ce disposeth and ordrythe singulerly and fyrmely al 
thynges that be to be done. But he mynystreth dyuersly and 
temporally the same thynges by destynye that he hath disposed 
or appoynted to be done. Then whether that destynye be          #
exercised 
by certaine godly spyryts, attendyng vpon gods prouidence, 
or by the soule, or by nature, holye seruyng god, or by the     #
celestiall 
mouinge or constellacion of sterres, or by the vertue of 
Aungels, or by the dyuers craftes and soteltyes of deuylles, or #
by 
anye of them, or by them all, the order of destinie is          #
accomplyshed 
and done. Certes it is manyfest that gods prouidence 
is a stedefast and symple or pure forme or maner, of thynges to 
be done. 
   But destinye, is a mutable disposition and temporall order   #
of 
the things that gods simplicitie or puritie hath appointed or 
suffered to be done. Whereby it happeth that all thynges that 
be vnder or subiect to destinie be also subiect and vnder gods 
prouidence and ordynaunce. To the whyche prouidence or          #
ordynaunce 
destinye is subiecte it selfe. But some thynges that be 
subiecte and put vnder godes prouidence, and ordynaunces, doo 
excell and passe the order of destinye. Truely the thinges that 
be fixed and knyt faste nyghe to the godhed, do excell the      #
order 
of mouable destynie, for as circles or wheles that do turne     #
them 
selfe about one self centyr or poynte, the innermost circle     #
next 
vnto the centyr or poynt, cometh and ioyneth next of al vnto 
that which is a lone in the myddell, and is as it were a        #
certayne 
centyr or pointe to the other circles or wheles, that be set    #
and 
placyd aboute, and be turned without the centre or poynt. And 
the vttermost cyrcle that is turned wyth a greater compasse, 
is set fourth with so muche more large spaces as it is distant  #
by 
diuision from the myddle of the centyr, or poynte. But yf there 
be any thinge that knyttethe and vnytethe it selfe, to the same 
myddell centyr, or poynte, it is driuen into simplicitie, that  #
is to 
sai: into a thinge pure and alone of it self, constant and      #
immouable, 
and ceasseth to be seperate or to go at libertye. And 
so by lyke reason the thynge that departeth or goeth awaye 
ferthest from the fyrst thought of God, is wrapped with greater 
bandes of destynye. And soo much more is any thyng fre from 
distinye, as it is nere the same centyr, or poynte of thynges,  #
that 
<P 108> 
is to saye nere vnto god. And yf the thynge doo cleue firmely 
to the hygh thought of GOD without mouing, truely it passeth 
the necessitie and power, of destinie. 
   Therefore like comparison or diuersitie as is betwene        #
reasonynge, 
and vnderstandynge, and betwene the thinge engendred 
and the thynge that is, and betwene tyme and eternitie, and 
betwene the circle, and the middle centyr or poynt, euen so is  #
the 
mouable order of destinye vnto the stedefast simplicitie or     #
puritie, 
or gods prouidence and ordynaunce. The same order of destenye 
moueth heuen and the sterres, and tempereth the elementes       #
together 
emongest them self and chau~geth them by enterchaungeable 
mutacions. And the same order of destinye renueth all 
thynges, growinge, springing and fallyng by lyke progressions   #
of 
frutes and of sedes, that is to saye, of all beastes and        #
growing 
thinges. 
   And thys order of destenye kepethe in and constraineth from 
liberty al mens actes and fortunes by a band of causes that can 
not be vndone or losed, which causes when they do procede from 
the immouable begynnynges of gods prouidence and ordynaunces, 
it behoueth that they be immutable. And so al thinges be well 
gouerned, as longe as the simplicitie or the onelye             #
stedefastenes 
abydyng in the dyuine thought, sheweth fourth the immouable 
order of causes. And truly this order of the deuine prouidence, 
kepeth in, by his stedefastnes, thynges mutable of them selfe,  #
and 
that otherwyse wold passe awaye casually and rasshely, if that 
restrayned not: wherby it happeth that although al thyngs seme 
confuse, darke, and troublesome to you that be not able to      #
consyder 
thys order of thinges: the proper maner of gods prouidence 
directynge it selfe to good, disposeth and ordereth all thyngs. #
For 
there is nothyng done for the entente or euil, not so muche of  #
the 
same wicked folke. Which wicked folke (as it is shewed          #
aboundauntlye 
before) do seke for good, but that wycked errour do 
peruert, and turne them from it, and not the order that cometh  #
from 
the bosome of the high soueraign good, that is god, do turne    #
anye 
man from his begynnynge, that is to saye from god. Certes what 
confusion may be more wycked, the~ that other whiles aduersitie #
and 
other whiles prosperite do happen vnto good folke, and also to 
wycked folke sometyme what they desyre, and sometyme the 
thynges that they hate and abhorre. Do men now liue in such     #
perfection 
of mynde that suche folk as they do iudge to be good or euil 
<P 109> 
must nedes be suche as they doo iudge them? But mens            #
iudgementes 
in this thynge do varye and not accorde. For the same 
folke that some me~ do esteme worthy reward, other agayne do 
deme to be worthy of ponyshmente. But let vs graunt that some 
ma~ may discerne and knowe the good or the euyl folke, maye he 
than know and se the inward condicion of mans thoughte as it    #
hath 
bene wont to be sayd of the bodyes? That is to saye: maye a 
man knowe a mans thought, as men may knowe the complexion 
or outward condicio~s of the bodye? Certes is not this lyke a 
myracle vnto a man that knowethe not, whye that swete thynges 
agree well to hole folke, and bytter thinges to sycke folk?     #
Also
why some sycke folk be heled with gentle medicines, and other
sick folke with sharp medicines. But the phisicion that knoweth
bothe the maner and temperaunce of helthe and syckenes, 
meruayleth not therat. But what other thynge semethe to be 
the helth of mens mindes and thoughts, but onely vertue? and 
what other thynge semeth y=e= sicknes of mens myndes and 
thoughtes, then vyce and syns. Who els is the keper of good 
folk, and expulser or suppresser of wickyd folke, but only god 
the ruler and the healer of mennes soules, whych god, when he 
beholdeth and loketh downe from the high towre of his           #
prouidence, 
he knowethe what is conueniente and meete for euerye man, and 
geueth to euerye manne the thing that he knoweth is mete for 
him. Nowe hereof commethe thys notable myracle of the order 
of destinie, when that god (that knoweth all thynges) doeth the 
thynge that the ignoraunte people do wonder at. For to speake 
a fewe thynges of the profounde depenes of the godhed that 
mans resonne, may attayne vnto, the same man that thou demyst 
iust and kepyng equitye, and ryght, semeth contrarye to Gods 
prouidence that knoweth all thynges. And certes my familier 
felowe Lucan declareth, that the cause victorius, plesyth the   #
gods, 
and the cause that is ouercome pleaseth Plato. Therefore what 
soeuer thinge thou seist donne here in this world contrary to   #
the 
knowledge and expectacion of the ignoraunt folk, it is the      #
ryght 
order of thynges, but to thy iudgement, it is a peruers         #
confusion 
of thynges. But admyt that some man is so well learned or 
instructed, y=t= both gods iugement, and ma~s iugement do agre  #
in 
him together as one, but yet y=t= he is weke minded or harted,  #
that 
yf any aduersitie by chaunce happen vnto hym he wilbe clene 
turnyd from his vertue or innocensye, wherby he may not kepe 
<P 110> 
his fortune, then the wise dispensacion or prouidence of God 
spareth hym, whome aduersitie and trybulacion myghte empayre 
and make worse. And god wyll not suffer him to laboure that 
is not mete or able to laboure. Another man is absolute perfit 
in al vertues, holy and nere vnto god, so that gods prouidence 
woulde deme it wronge y=t= he shulde be touched with any        #
aduersitie, 
in so much that he will not suffer him to be vexed w=c= any 
infyrmitie or sycknes of the body. For as a certayne            #
phylosopher 
(more excellente by me) hath sayde: certes a true preistly man 
laboreth not, for vertues haue preserued the body of an holy    #
ma~ 
from aduersitie. And often tymes it happith that the cheyf 
thynges y=t= be to be done, be geuen vnto good folke, that the 
wyckednes aboundyng in euyl folke, shold be oppressid. And 
god dystributeth and geueth to some folke nowe good, nowe euyll 
thinges, accordyng to the qualitie of theyr mind. And some good 
folke he greueth with aduersitie, leste that they should waxe 
proude, of long prosperitie. And other folke he sufferethe to   #
be 
vexed with harde thynges, that thereby they may confyrme the 
vertues of their mynde, by the vse and exercyse of pacience. 
Some folke doo feare more then they ought to feare, y=e= thing  #
that 
they maye well suffer. And other dispisethe more then they 
oughte, the thyng that they cannot suffer, and god ledethe them 
into experience of them selfe, that is to saye: makethe them to 
knowe themselfe by aduersities. And manye haue optayned a 
worshypfull fame of thys worlde by the meanes of a glorious 
deth. And some that coulde not be ouercome by ponishment, 
haue shewed example vnto other, that vertue cannot be ouercome 
by aduersitie. And there [^EDITION: therc^] is no dout but      #
that all these thynges 
be done ryghtfully, and ordynately, for the goodnes of them,    #
for 
whome they seme to happen. For certes where as sometyme 
aduersities, and otherwhiles thinges desired, doo happen vnto 
wycked folke, noo man meruayleth therat, but iudgeth that it 
comethe of the causes thereof, that is to saye, for theyr 
wyckednes. Lykewyse of the ponyshmentes that happen vnto 
wycked folke no man meruaylethe, for all men doo thynke that 
they haue well deserued the same, and that theyr ponyshmentes 
doth aswell feare other from wyckednes, as causeth them to 
amend that be ponyshed. And the prosperitie that happen 
vnto wycked folke in worldly goodes sheweth a great argument 
and proufe vnto good folke, what they ought to iudge of such 
<P 111> 
prosperitie whych men doo se often tyme serue y wycked folke. 
In whych thing I thynke also the same to be ordeyned by god, 
that some mans nature is perchaunce so ouerturnyng and          #
importunate 
vnto wyckednes, that the pouertie of his houshold may 
rather prouoke hym to stele, whose pouertie that goodnes of god 
cureth and releueth, wyth the medycyne or remedy of mony, and 
ryches. And another man perceyuing his owne conscience 
corrupt with wickednes, and consyderynge wyth hym selfe his 
prosperitie and welth, ferethe leste perchaunce the losse of    #
the 
same prosperitie whiche is pleasaunt vnto hym, should turne 
hym to sorowe and heuines, and therfore he wyl chaunge his 
euyll maners and conditions, and forsake his wyckednes, for     #
fear 
to lose hys prosperitie and riches. Prosperitie and ryches      #
vnworthelye 
gotten hathe ouer throwen other into iust destruction 
accordelye. Some be permytted to haue power to ponysh, for 
that it shuld be an occasion of continuaunce of exercyse in     #
vertue 
to good folke, and a ponyshment to the wycked folke. For as 
there is no concorde or argumente betwene good folke and 
wycked folke, euen so the wycked folke cannot agre emongest 
them selfe. And why not? 
   For all wycked folke do vary of them selfe by theyr          #
wyckednes, 
that rendith their conscience, and doo often tymes suche        #
thynges, 
that when they haue done, they themself do iudge that they 
oughte not to haue bene done. For whyche cause that hye 
prouydence of god, hath often shewed a gret myracle so that 
wycked folke, hath made wycked folke good folke. For when 
that some wycked folke do se that they suffer wronges of the 
wicked, they being moued with enuy and hatred of theyr 
wronges and hurtes, haue returnyd vnto the fruyte of vertue, 
that is to sai vnto goodnes, when they do studye to be vnlyke 
vnto the wicked whom they haue hated. Truely it is onely the 
power of god (to whome also euyll thyngs be good) when he in 
vsynge of those euyles, choseth oute theffecte of some goodnes, 
that is to say, when god turneth euyll to good. For order 
bindeth together all thynges, soo that what thyng departeth     #
from 
the reson and order appointed to the wycked, the same thing 
must nedes fall into some other order, that is to saye: of the 
good, soo that nothinge be lefte to folyshnes, or oute of order #
in 
the kyngdome of gods prouidence or ordynaunce. The strong 
god hath done al thyngs in the world, when he sawe and behelde 
<P 112> 
before all worldes. And certes it is not lawfull for men eyther 
to comprehende with their wit, or to declare with ther spech    #
all 
the causes of gods workes: It is sufficient only to behold thys 
that the same God, the maker of all natures, ordaynyng all 
things, disposeth them to good. And whyles that he hastethe 
to retayne and kepe the thynges that he hath made into his 
similytude and lykenes, that is to saye: in goodnes, he         #
excludeth 
all wyckednes from the bondes of hys commenaltye of 
thys world, by order of necessite of destenie: whereby it       #
happeth, 
that the euyl that men do thynke to abound in the world if 
thou considerest Gods prouidence, that disposeth all thynges, 
thou shalte perceyue that there is no euyll at all any where.   #
But 
I se well nowe, that thou being of late sore burdned, w=c= the  #
wayte 
of thys difficulte question, and also weryed with the           #
prolixitie or 
length of my reason, lokest for som swetenes of verses or       #
metyr. 
Therfore take thys drafte, whereby when thou arte refreshed, 
and stronger, thou mayst ascende into hier questions. 



<B CESERM1A>
<Q E1 IR SERM FISHER>
<N AG LUTHER>
<A FISHER JOHN>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FISHER, JOHN.
TEXT:  SERMONS BY JOHN FISHER.
THE ENGLISH WORKS OF JOHN FISHER,
BISHOP OF ROCHESTER. PART I.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 27.
ED. J. E. B. MAYOR.
LONDON, 1935 (1876). 
PP. 314.4  - 322.25      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 396.14 - 403.6       (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1,314>
   The fyrste instruccyon is offerd vnto vs of these 
fyrst wordes of the gospell. (\Quum venerit 
paracletus quem ego mittam vobis. spiritum 
veritatis qui a patre procedit.\) In the whiche 
wordes is promest vnto vs the spyryte of trouthe. to be 
our comforte in all doutefull opinyons that may ryse in 
chrystes chirche.
   Touchynge this instruccyon thre 
thynges I wold do. First I wold shewe that the instruccyons 
of this holy gospell perteyneth to the vniuersal 
chirche of chryst. Secondly that the heed of the 
vnyuersall chirche [{ (\iure diuino\) {] is the pope. Thyrdly 
that Martyn luther (whiche deuydeth hymselfe from this 
heed) hath not in him the spiryte of trouth.
   For the 
fyrst martyn luther can not denye. but this promesse is 
made vnto the vnyuersall chyrche. & ther vnto we shall 
bynde hym by his owne reason. he sayth in the booke (\de 
captiuitate babilonica\) . (\Quod si demus vnam aliquam 
epistolam Pauli. aut vnum alicuius epistole 
locum. non ad vniuersalem ecclesiam pertinere. 
iam euacuata est tota Pauli authoritas.\) that is to 
say yf we wyll afferme that any one epistle of saynt 
Paule. or any one place of his epistoles. perteyneth not 
vnto the vnyuersall chirche of chryst. we take away all 
saynt Paules authoryte.
   Now yf it be thus of the 
wordes of saynt Paule. moche rather this is a trouthe 
of the gospels of christ. & of eury place wryten in the 
same gospels. In the vniuersall chyrche than this holy 
spyryte of trouthe resteth. & shal contynue vnto the 
worldes ende. (\vt maneat vobiscum ineternum.\) 
he shall abyde in the vnyuersall chyrche for euer. (\et
<P 1,315>
docebit vos omnem veritatem.\) And he shall in 
euery doute teche vs the trouthe. Thus moche for the 
fyrst.
   Now for the seconde where I sayd that the pope 
(\iure diuino\) is the heed of the vnyuersall chyrche of 
christ. whan ye se a tree stande vpright vpon the ground 
& his braunches spred a brode. full of leues. & fruyte. 
yf the sonne shyne clere. this tree maketh a shadowe. 
in the whiche shadowe ye may perceyue a fygure of the 
braunches. of the leues. & of the fruyte. Euery thynge 
that is in the tree. hathe somwhat answerynge vnto it 
in the shadowe. And contrary wyse. euery parte of the 
shadowe hath some thynge answerynge vnto it in the 
tree. A mans eye may leade hym from euery part of 
the tree. tyll euery parte of the shadowe. & agayne. 
from euery parte of the shadowe tyll euery parte of the 
tree. answerynge ther vnto. Euery man may poynt any 
certayne parte of the shadowe. & say this is the shadowe 
of suche a braunche. & this is the shadowe of suche a 
lefe. & this is the shadowe of the bole of the tree. & this
is the shadowe of the top of the tre.
   But so it is
that the lawe of Moyses. & the gouernaunce of the 
synagoge of the Iewes. was but a shadowe of the 
gouernaunce of the vnyuersall chirche of christ. So sayth 
saynt Paule. (\vmbram habens lex futurorum bonorum.\) 
that is to say the lawe had but a shadowe of 
thynges for to come. And (\ad corinthios. omnia in 
figura contingebant illis\) . All theyr gouernaunce 
was but a fygure & shadowe of the chirche.
   Now than 
to my purpose. In the gouernaunce was twayne hedes 
appoynted. one vnder another. Moyses & Aaron. to condyth 
that people thurgh the deserte. vnto the controy 
that was promysed vnto them. we woot that that people
<P 1,316>
of the Iewes was a shadow of the chrysten people. & that 
theyr Iorney by the desert. toward the countre promysed 
vnto them was a shadow of our iourney. thrugh this 
wretched world vnto the countre of heuen. But Moyses 
& Aaron whiche were the hedes of that people. wherof 
than be they shadow? withouten doute they must be 
the shadowe of chryste & of his vycare saynt Peter 
whiche vnder christ was also the heed of chrysten 
people.
   And wyll ye se this more manyfestly by .iij. lykenesses. 
Fyrste Moyses & Aaron bothe of them were 
preestes. Moyses was made by god. & Aaron made by 
Moyses at the commaundement of god. to whom was 
commytted the cure of the Iewes in the absence of 
Moyses. So christ & saynt Peter bothe were preestes 
of the new lawe. Chryst made by his father all myghty 
god as it is wrytten of hym. (\Tu es sacerdos ineternum 
secundum ordinem Melchisedech.\) that is to 
saye thou art a preest for euer accordyng to the ordre of 
Melchesidech. And Peter was made by christ. to whom 
he commysed in his absence the cure of the christen 
people sayenge. (\pasce oues meas pasce. pasce. pasce.\) 
The second likenes is this. Moyses was meane bytwene 
almyghty god and Aaron for the causes of the people. 
& Aaron was meane bytwene Moyses & the people 
touchynge the causes of god. So scrypture techeth 
Exodi .iiij. Almighty god sayd vnto Moyses spekynge 
of Aaron. (\Ipse loquetur pro te ad populum. & 
erit os tuum. Tu autem eris ei in iis que ad 
deum pertinent.\) that is to saye. he shall speke in thy 
stede vnto the people. & thou shalt be for hym agayn. 
in thoo causes that perteyne vnto god. wyll ye se how 
christ was the mouthe of Peter towardes almighty god. 
he sayd to saynt peter. (\Simon Simon ecce sathanas
<P 1,317>
expetiuit vos, vt cribraret sicut triticum. Ego 
autem rogaui pro te vt non deficiat fides tua. 
et tu aliquando conuersus confirma fratres tuos.\) 
that is to saye. Simon Simon lo Sathanas hath coueyted 
gretly to syft you as a man syfteth his whete. But I 
haue prayed for the to thentent that thy faythe do not 
fayle. And thou ones tourned to the stabyll waye conferme 
thy brethren. Se now here wheder chryst was 
not the mouthe of Peter whan he promoted his cause. 
before almyghty god the father. & prayed for hym that 
his faythe sholde not fynally perysshe. And contrary 
wyse was not Peter the mouthe of christ. whan he to the 
true waye conuerted dyd conferme his brethren. here note 
well what authoryte was gyuen to Peter vpon them to 
conferme all the other of his bretheren in the stabyll 
waye.
   The thyrde lykenes is this. Moyses ascended 
vnto the mounte to speke with almyghty god. and Aaron 
remayned behynde to instructe the people. Dyd not 
christ lykewyse ascend vnto his father vnto the grete 
mounte of heuen? And to what entent I praye you? 
Saynt Poule telleth. (\vt appareat vultui dei pro 
nobis.\) to appere before the face of almyghty god for 
vs. & there to be our aduocate as sayth saynt Iohan.
And dyd not Peter remayne behynde to teche the people. 
the whiche our sauyour commytted vnto his charge.
lyke as Aaron was lefte for to do the people of the Iewes.
whan Moyses was aboue in the mount with god.
   Thus
euery man maye se how that shadowe & this thynge
agreeth & answereth one tyll another fully & clerly. But
now let vs pause here a whyle. I wyll construe this
fygure yet by another dede of christ in the gospel. So it
was. that the Iewes were tributaryes vnto the romaynes.
& for that tribute the heed of euery housholde dyd paye
a certayne coyne called (\didrachma\) . So whan they that
<P 1,318>
were the gaderers of this trybute came to saynt Peter.
our sauyour bad hym go vnto the see. And tolde hym
that in a fysshes bely there he shold fynde (\staterem\) .
whiche was a double (\didrachma\) . and bad hym paye that
vnto the gaderers. bothe for hymselfe and for christ.
Marke here that this trybute was heed money payed for
them that were heedes and gouernours of housholdes. &
christ commaunded this to be payed for no moo. but
onely for hym & for saint Peter. & therby quyted all
the resydue. Ioyne this facte of the gospell vnto that
fygure byfore. & what can be more euydent to shewe
that Peter vnder christ was the heed of al the houshold
of christ. But yet thyrdly let vs here the testymony of
some father of the chyrche that this is the veray meanynge 
of the gospell. Saynt Austyn in the boke of
questyons of the newe & of the olde testament the .lxxv.
questyon sayth in this maner. (\didrachma capitum
solutio intelligitur.\) the payment of this money was
heed money payde for the heedes. And after foloweth.
(\Saluator quum pro se et Petro dari iubet. pro
omnibus exoluisse videtur. quia sicut in saluatore
erant omnes causa magisterii. ita & post saluatorem 
in Petro omnes continentur. ipsum enim
constituit caput eorum.\) that is to saye. whan our
sauyour commaunded this double trybute. to be payed
for hymselfe & for Peter. & in so commaundynge he
dyd quyte all the resydue of the apostles. for all they
were conteyned in hym. bycause he was theyr mayster.
And as al they were conteyned in our sauyour. So after
our sauyour all they were conteyned in Peter. For
christ made hym the heed of them all. Here note
of saynt Austyn that saynt Peter bycause he was heed
of theym all. & all they were conteyned in hym. therfore
this trybute that was payed for hym was payed for them
al. But yet by an other scrypture whiche I rehersed
<P 1,319>
before. Saynt Austyn proueth that all the other apostles
were conteyned in saynt Peter. (\Simon Simon. ecce
sathanas expetiuit vos. vt cribraret sicut triticum.
Ego autem oraui pro te. vt non deficiat fides
tua. et tu aliquando conuersus confirma fratres
tuos.\) that is to say. Symon Symon. loo sathanas hath
coueyted to syft you as a man syfteth whete. but I
haue prayed for the that thy faythe shall not fayle. &
thou ones conuerted to the stable waye. do conferme thy
brethren. Upon the whiche wordes saint Austin saythe.
Christ dyd not praye for Iames and Iohan & for the other.
but he prayed for saynt Peter in whome the resydue
was conteyned.
   Consyder now how eche of these testymonyes
conferme & strengthe one another. Fyrste the fygure
& shadow of the olde lawe. Secondly the testymony of
the gospels answerynge vnto the same. Thirdly the
declaracyon of saynt Austyn vpon the same. And here I
brynge but one doctour. whose testymony in the balaunce
on any trewe christen mans herte. me thynketh sholde
weye downe Martyn Luther. But saynt Ambrose spekynge 
(\de didrachmate\) calleth it also (\capitum solutionem\) .
that is to say heed money. And of saynt Peter he
saythe. (\Petra enim dicitur. eo quod primus in
nationibus fidei fundamentum posuerit. & tanquam 
saxum immobile totius operis christiani
compagem. molemque contineat.\) that is to saye.
Peter is called petra. bycause that he fyrste amonge the
gentyles dyd establysshe the grounde of our fayth. & as a
stone not easy to be remoued. he conteyneth in hym &
stayeth all the frame & gretnes of the worke of christ.
And saynt Gregory saythe. (\Certe Petrus apostolus
primum membrum sancte et vniuersalis ecclesie
est. Paulus. Andreas. Ioannes quid aliud quam
<P 1,320>
singularium plebium sunt capita.\) that is to saye.
Peter is the chefe membre of the vnyuersall chirche.
Paule & Andrew. & Iohan what els be they. but heedes
of certayne & synguler people. wherby it appereth that
as they were chefe euery man of the people that they
had cure of. So saynt Peter was chefe of the vnyuersall 
chyrche. Saynt Hierome also sayth spekynge
of Peter. (\Propterea inter duodecim vnus eligitur.
vt capite constituto. schismatis tolleretur occasio.\) 
that is to say that Peter was one chosen out
amongest twelfe to thentent that he beynge theyr
heed al occasyons of schysmatyke dyuysyon sholde be
take away. Saynt Cypriane forthermore sayth. spekyng
of Peter whan he dyd confesse cryst Iesu to be the sone
of god. (\Loquitur illic Petrus super quem edificanda 
fuerat ecclesia.\) that is to saye there speketh
Peter vpon whome the chirche was for to be buylded.
But how shold the chirche be buylded vpon hym yf he
were not the heed and chefe membre of the chyrche.
   All these be of the latyn chyrche. holy fathers.
all men of grete lernynge. all men of synguler holynes.
whose vertuous lyuynges be confirmed by myracles
bothe done in theyr lyfes & after theyr dethe. Of grekes
lyke wyse. Chrysostome after that he hath praysed
saynt Paule speketh of saynt Peter sayenge. (\quod ipse
qui fuit apostolorum caput talis fuit.\) that is to
saye that saynt Peter whiche was the heed of the apostles 
was suche another and often he called saynt Peter
(\eximium apostolorum. et os discipulorum ac
verticem collegii.\) that is to saye the chefe of the
apostles and mouthe of the dyscyples & the top and heed
of all the college. And Orygene saythe. (\Magno illi
ecclesie fundamento petreque solidissime super
<P 1,321>
quam christus fundauit ecclesiam suam. vide
quid dicatur a domino. Modice fidei quare
dubitasti.\) that is to say. Se what was sayd of our lorde
to that grete foundament of the chirche and moost
stable stone. O man of lytle faythe why dydest thou
doute.
   Yf all these so many testymonyes bothe of
grekes and latyns shall not counterpease agaynst one
frere. what reason is this? I trust there is no true
crysten man but that he wyll be moued with the testimonye 
of all these. specyally whan they be grounded
of so playne & euydent a fygure of the olde lawe. and
of so clere a lyght of the holy gospels.
   But here
Luther wyll saye that he can not conceyue (\duos summos\) .
Of the whiche I meruayle gretly. Sithen it is manyfest 
that Aaron was called (\summus\) in scrypture. & yf he
were (\summus sacerdos\) & Moyses was no whit benethe
hym. than must they two eyther of them be (\summus\) .
one of them vnder another in comparyson of the other
people. So as saynt Paule maketh many hedes sayenge.
(\Caput mulieris vir. caput viri christus. christi
vero deus.\) Se here be thre heedes vnto a woman. god,
chryst, & hyr husbande. & yet besyde al these she hath
an heed of hyr owne. It were a monstrous syght to se
a woman withouten an heed. what comforte sholde hyr
housbande haue vpon hyr. Yf than one woman not
withstandynge she hathe an heed of hyr owne to gouerne
hyr accordynge to the wyll & pleasure of hyr housband.
yet she hath hyr housbande to be hyr heed & chryst
to be hyr heed. and god to be hyr heed. How moche
rather our mother holy chyrche which is the spouse of
christ. hath an heed of her owne. that is to saye the
pope. and yet neuerthelesse chryst Iesu hyr housbande 
is her heed. & almyghty god is hyr heed also.
   But now let vs retourne to our instruccyon.
Thus than ye vnderstande how that in the vnyuersall
<P 1,322>
chyrche of chryste remayneth the spyryte of trouthe
for euer. and that the heed of this chyrche the
pope is vnder chryst. By this breuely it may appeere
that the spyryte of chryst is not in Martyn luther. The
spyryte of euery naturall body gyueth lyfe noo forther.
but to the members & partes of the same body. whiche
be naturally ioyned vnto the heed. And so lykewyse
it must be in the mystycall body of our mother holy
chirche.
   For asmoche than as this wretched man
hath deuyded hymselfe from the heed of this body.
whiche is the vycare of chryst. how can he haue in hym
the spyryte of this body whiche is the spyryte of
trouthe. & specyally whan he hath deuyded hymselfe
with suche pryde, arrogancye. & presumpcyon. whiche
is moost odyous vnto this holy spyryte. and so dyspytyously. 
so presumsttuously. so malycyously contemneth 
& setteth at nought. & all to raggeth the heed of
chrystes chyrche. to whome as to his chefe spyrytuall
father. by the reason of his relygyon he hath vowed and
promest obedyence. How can this man haue in hym
the spyryte of god this holy spyryte of trouthe. And
here I make an ende of the first instruccyon.

   Here foloweth the seconde instruccyon
agaynst the pernycyous doctryne
of Martyn luther.

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E1 IR SERM FISHER>
<N GOOD FRIDAY>
<A FISHER JOHN>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 1,396>
   These fyue great woundes were ingraued with 
sharpe & vyolent pennes, that is to say, the sharpe 
nayles, and the speare. And they doe represent vnto 
vs the fyue capytall Letters of thys booke. Thus then 
you maye perceyue what bee the boardes of this booke, 
and what be the leaues, how it is written within, and 
without, howe it is lyned and leathered, and what bee 
the Letters, as well the small as the great. Now wee 
shall heare what maner of wryting is contayned in thys 
booke. But first heere, let vs make our prayer for 
grace, beseechyng almyghtie God, to gyue vnto our 
hartes the gracyous lyght of his beames, whereby wee 
may the more clearely perceiue the writings of this 
booke, and that they may bring foorth some good fruite 
to our soules health.
   Now you shall heare what wrytings be contayned 
in thys booke, in the booke which Ezechiel did see, 
was written three maner of things, (\Lamentationes, 
Carmen, et vae\) , which is to say, Lamentations, songes, 
and woe. And the same three things, in lyke maner 
be wrytten in thys booke on the Crucifixe. Fyrst is 
lamentation, and this verie conuenientlye is written in 
thys booke of the Crucyfixe. For whosoeuer will ioye 
<P 1,397>
with Christ, must first sorow with him. And by sorowe 
and lamentation hee may come vnto ioye: But hee 
that will not sorrowe and lament wyth Christ heere in 
thys lyfe, hee shall come fynallye to the place where 
is euerlasting woe, I saye woe that shall neuer haue 
ende. Heere therfore is written all these three, lamentation, 
songe, and woe.
   Fyrste then wee will speake of lamentation.
   Lamentation aryseth of foure affections, eyther of a 
great feare, or dreade, or of a great shame, or of some 
sorrowe, or els of some hatred. When Holophernes 
with a mightie power was entred into the countrey of 
Iurie, & terribly threatned to distroy all before hym, 
the people were in a greate feare and dreade to be 
oppressed, and so fell downe before almyghtie God, 
and with great lamentation, dyd call for hys helpe,
(\omnis populus cecidit in faciem, adorantes 
dominum cum lamentatione et fletu\) , all the 
people fell on theyr faces, worshyppyng our Lorde with 
weepyng and lamentation.
   The cause of this lamentation, was the great dreade 
whych they were in. Heere first then let vs learne to 
dread, and doubtlesse thou Christian soule, thou mayest 
heere learne greater matter of dread, then the Iewes 
then were in. For the Iewes then were onelye in 
perill of temporall death, thou arte in perill of euerlastyng 
death.
   Consider man how greeuouslie thou hast sinned: 
And also behold how greeuously sinne was reuenged, 
and punished in the blessed bodye of Christ. And 
thou shalt anon fynde here great cause and matter of 
dread. The storyes telleth of Cambises the King of 
Persia, that where one of hys Iudges had giuen a false 
and a wrong iudgement, he depriued him of hys offyce, 
and made an other in his place their Iudge after him.
<P 1,398>
Furthermore bicause of hys falsehoode he caused him 
to be slayne, and his skinne to be hanged vp before the 
place of the commen iudgement, to the entent that this 
newe Iudge beholdyng the greeuous punishment of his 
predecessor, might be ware of falshood, and alway dread 
to giue any wrong iudgement. In like maner the 
Image of the Crucifix is hunge vp in euery Church, to 
the entent that we may see how greeuouslie sinne was 
punyshed in that most blessed bodye of our Sauyour 
Christ Iesu, not for him self, nor for hys owne sinne, 
but for ours was he thus cruellye intreated, wee were 
the cause, wee committed the sinne. But yet neuerthelesse 
he bare the paynes, and burthens of our sinnes 
vpon his backe.
   As wryteth Sainct Peter, (\Peccata nostra ipse 
pertulit in corpore suo super lignum crucis\) .
And therefore when we behold the Image of the Crucifixe 
in anye place set vp, we should thynke howe 
greeuously sinne was punyshed in the body of our 
sauiour Christ.
   And there by learne to dreade the greeuous punishment 
of sinne. (Alas) man thynkest thou not, that thys
was matter of dreade. This I say, that the verie sonne
of God, was for thy sinne put vnto thys cruell death of
the Crosse: If thou beleeue not thys, thou arte worse
then the dyuylles. For as Sainct Iames sayeth, (\demones
credunt et contremiscunt\) , the diuilles doe beleeue,
and tremble. And if thou verely beleeue it, thou
mayest thereby thynke and learne howe muche our
sauyour and hys father both doeth hate sinne. For
sith almightie God the father woulde gyue hys moste
dearely beloued sonne vnto suche an horrible death,
onely for to quenche and to extincte sinne, thou mayest
bee sure that he hateth sinne very much.
   Our Sauyour also must needes hate sinne when hee
<P 1,399>
rather would suffer thys moste vyllanous death, then
that sinne shoulde haue domynion vpon our soules,
seeyng then that thow knowest that bothe they hate
sinne? Howe shouldest thou dreade to receue any
sinne into thy soule. If sinne were so displeasant to
almighty God the father, that rather then hee would
suffer it, he would giue his owne sonne vnto death for
the expulsion of it. How much rather now doth it
displease him, when his sonne hath suffered death therfore, 
and yet sinne rayneth neuerthelesse, and more
generally then euer it dyd before.
   Furthermore, if sinne was so greuously punished in
him that neuer did sinne, how bytterly shall it be
punished in thee O sinfull creature, the which haste
done so many great outragious sinnes. Surely wher he
hath one nayle in his handes & feete, thou sinfull
creature hast deserued one hundreth. And for euery
one thorne, that he suffred in his head, thou hast
deserued a thousande. And for euery one lash that
he felt of the scourges, thou art worthy to haue
innumerable.
   Who that deepely considerith this that I haue sayde,
and with an earnest study resorteth often to looke vppon
this booke I maruell if he doo not fynde here in, great
cause and earnest matter of dread.
   Here also may euery sinner quicken his sinne, if
any lie within his breast, for it is maruell that a sinner
can without shame beholde this blessed Image? If a
sinner call to remembrance his great vnkyndnesse, &
repute the same vnkyndenes any maner of vice, I trow
that he wylbe much ashamed of his moste vnkynde
and vngentle dealing against so louing a Lorde.
   Say to me thou sinful creature, wilt thou not looke
that other men, when thou haste beene vnto them in
anye thinge beneficiall, I saye, wylt thou not looke that
<P 1,400>
they shall be kynde and louing vnto thee againe? And
if any person be vnkynde vnto thee, wylt thou not
rebuke him fully, and lay it vnto his reproofe to make
him ashamed thereof? I am suer that thou wylt. Now
then let me see, wher is thy shame? beholde and vew
euery part of this blessed body, what payne it endured
for thy sake?
   Seest thou not his eyes, how they bee fylled with
blood and bytter teares?
   Seest thou not his eares, how they be filled with
blasphemous rebukes, and obprobrious words?
   His cheeke & necke with buffets, his shoulders with
the burthen of the crosse?
   Seest thou not his mouth, how in his dryghnesse
they would haue filled it with Asell and Gaule?
   Seest thou not, how his backe is payned against the
hard Crosse?
   Seest thou not his sydes, how they were skourged
with sharpe whyps?
   Seest thou not his armes, how they were strayned
by the violence of the ropes?
   Seest thou not his handes, how they be nailed iust
vnto the crosse? Seest thou not his legges, how they
be wearyed with labour?
   Seest thou not his feete, how paynefully they stay
and bere vp the wight of his whole body?
   O most vnkinde sinner, all this he suffred for thy
sake. No greater kyndes euer was, or could be shewed
to thee by any creature, then this which sweete Iesus
dyd shewe for thee and for thy sake, & wher is now
thy kindenes againe?
   No kyndnesse thou canst shewe, but much vnkyndnesse
thou haste often shewed vnto him, and yet thou
art not ashamed. Alas man where is thy shame?
Thincke with thy selfe how many abhominable sinnes
thou hast done against his pleasure. I doo acertayne
<P 1,401>
thee that the least of them stryketh him more paynefully
vnto the hart then any vnkyndnesse that euer was
done vnto thee in all thy lyfe.
   For as Sainct Barnerd sayth in the person of Christ,
when he hath rehersed all the greeuous paynes of his
passion, he putteth vnto these wordes, (\Extat interius
planctus pregrauior, quum te ingratum experior\) , 
that is to say, but inwardly mourning is much
more greuous bicause I perceue thou arte to me so
much vnkynd. So many sinnes so much vnkyndnesse.
And the more haynous, and the more accustomable
that they bee, the more abhominable is thyne vnkyndenesse.
   If the least of many of thy sinnes had come to lyght,
and to the knowledge of men, thou wouldest haue
beene sore ashamed of them, Christ knoweth them,
and saw thee doo them, for (\Omnia nuda et aperta
sunt oculis eius\) , All thinges be naked and open
before his eyes: and yet thou art not ashamed of all
thy vnkindnes.
   Alas man, heare what the King and Prophet sayth,
(\Tota die verecundia mea contra me est, et confusio
faciei meae cooperuit me\) , All the day long
my shame is before mee, and my face is couered with
confusion. Thus sayd this holy Kinge, when our sauiour
as yet had not suffered his passion for him.
   This high poynte of kindenesse was not as yet
shewed vnto this man by our sauiour Christ, and he
neuerthelesse was ashamed of his sinne. Thou hast
peraduenture done much more outragious sinne, and
hast been much more vnkynde after this his moste
wonderfull passion suffered for thy sake, then euer that
king was, & that also maketh thy sinne much more
horryble. Thou hast after thy promise made vnto him,
falsified the same promise and vntruely broken it, by
<P 1,402>
multiplying of many foule and abhominable sinz, &
by often renewing of the same. Thou dyddest promise
once at the sacrament of baptisme to keepe thy fayth &
trueth vnto thy sauiour, & to forsake the diuel & all
his works? An honest man, or an honest woman would
be much ashamed to brek their promise, & specially to
theyr friend? Albeit the worlde is now full of such
lorrells, that doo no more regard to break their promise,
then to drink when they be drye. How often hast
thou broken thy promise? Alas man learn to be ashamed
and saye with the Prophet Esdras, (\Deus meus, confundor
et erubesco leuare faciem meam quoniam
iniquitates nostrae leuatae sunt super caput nostrum\) ,
that is to say, O my god I am confounden and 
ashamed to lyft vp my face vnto thee, for our sinnes be 
rysen far aboue our heads. Ye women when there is
any black spot in your faces, or any moole in your kerchiues,
or any myer vpon your clothes, be you not
ashamed? yes forsooth syr? But I shall tell you, where
of you ought to be ashamed. Surely if your sowls haue
any spots of deadly sinne in them, for when our sauiour
so dearely with his most precious bloud, & with all these
greeuous paynes dyd wash and wype, & clense our soules
from euery spot of deadly sinne, ye should be much
ashamed to defyle them againe? If you be ashamed for
a foule myrie shoo, and not of a foule stincking soule, ye 
make more dearer your shooes, then your soules. If ye
be ashamed of a spot in your clothes & haue no shame for
many great blots in your soules. What shal I say but
(\Frons meretricis facta est tibi; noluisti erubescere\) ,
that is to say, thou hast taken vpon thee the face
of a brothell, thou wylt not be ashamed. If thou then 
depely consider how many shameful blots of sinne be in 
thy soule, before the eyes of almightie God, & all the
glorious court of heauen, & how by them thou hast
<P 1,403>
vtterly broken thy promise vnto god, & committed so
great vnkindnes against this moste louing charitie, that
was shewed vnto thee for thy loue & for thy sake by
our sauiour on the crosse I suppose thou shalt fynde
matter, & cause of great shame, if any sparkle of honesty
be yet left in thy soule? 



<B CESERM1B>
<Q E1 IR SERM LATIMER>
<N PLOUGHERS>
<A LATIMER HUGH>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^LATIMER, HUGH.
SERMON ON THE PLOUGHERS, 18 JANUARY 1549;
SEVEN SERMONS BEFORE EDWARD VI, ON EACH
FRIDAY IN LENT, 1549.
ENGLISH REPRINTS.
ED. E. ARBER.
LONDON: ALEX. MURRAY & SON, 1868; 1869.
PP. 21.30 - 29.38   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 32.8  - 38.17   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 21>
   Here haue I an occasion by the way somwhat to 
saye vnto you yea, for the place that I alledged vnto 
you before oute of Hieremy the xlviii. Chapter. And 
it was spoken of a spirituall worcke of God, a worke 
that was commaunded to be done, and it was of
sheddynge bloude and of destroying the cities of
Moab. For (sayeth he) curssed be he yat kepeth
<P 22>
backe hys sworde frome sheddynge of bloud. As 
Saule when he kepte backe the sworde from shedding 
of bloude, at what tyme he was sent agaynst Amalech, 
was refused of God for beinge disobedient to Goddes 
commaundementes, in that he spared Agag ye kyng. 
So that, that place of ye prophet was spoken of them 
that wente to the distruction of the cityes of Moab,
amonge the which there was one called Nebo, whyche
was muche reproued for idolatrie, supersticion, pryde,
auarice, crueltie, tiranny, and for hardenes of herte,
and for these sinnes was plaged of God and destroyed.
Nowe what shall we saye of these ryche citizens of 
London? What shall I saye of them? shal I cal them 
proude men of London, malicious men of London, 
mercylesse men of London. No, no, I may not saie 
so, they wil be offended wyth me than. Yet must I 
speake. For is there not reygning in London, as much 
pride, as much coueteousnes, as much crueltie, as much 
opprission, as much supersticion, as was in Nebo? Yes, 
I thynke and muche more to. Therfore I saye, repente 
O London. Repent, repente. Thou heareste thy 
faultes tolde the, amend them amend them. I thinke 
if Nebo had had the preachynge yat thou haste: they 
wold haue conuerted. And you rulers and officers 
be wise and circumspect, loke to your charge and see 
you do your dueties and rather be glad to amend your 
yll liuyng then to be angrye when you are warned or 
tolde of your faulte. What a do was there made in 
London at a certein man because he sayd, and in dede 
at that time on a iust cause. Burgesses quod he, nay 
butterflies. Lorde what a do there was for yat worde. 
And yet would God they were no worse then butterflies. 
Butterflyes do but theyre nature, the butterflye is not 
couetouse, is not gredye of other mens goodes, is not 
ful of enuy and hatered, is not malicious, is not cruel, 
is not mercilesse. The butterflye gloriethe not in hyr 
owne dedes, nor preferreth the tradicions of men before 
Gods worde; it committeth not idolatry nor worshyppeth
<P 23>
false goddes. But London can not abyde to 
be rebuked suche is the nature of man. If they be 
prycked, they wyll kycke. If they be rubbed on the 
gale; they wil wynce. But yet they wyll not amende 
theyr faultes, they wyl not be yl spoken of. But howe 
shal I speake well of them. If you could be contente 
to receyue and folowe the worde of god and fauoure 
good preachers, if you coulde beare to be toulde of 
youre faultes, if you coulde amende when you heare of 
them: if you woulde be gladde to reforme that is a 
misse: if I mighte se anie suche inclinacion in you, 
that leaue to be mercilesse and begynne to be charytable
I would then hope wel of you, I woulde then 
speake well of you. But London was neuer so yll as 
it is now. In tymes past men were full of pytie and 
compassion but nowe there is no pitie, for in London 
their brother shal die in the streetes for colde, he shall 
lye sycke at theyr doore betwene stocke and stocke. I 
can not tel what to call it, and peryshe there for hunger, 
was there any more vnmercifulnes in Nebo? I thynke 
not. In tymes paste when any ryche man dyed in 
London, they were wonte to healp the pore scholers of 
the vniuersitye wyth exhibition. When any man dyed, 
they woulde bequeth greate summes of money towarde 
the releue of the pore. When I was a scholer in Cambrydge 
my selfe, I harde verye good reporte of London 
and knewe manie that had releue of the rytche men of 
London, but nowe I can heare no such good reporte, 
and yet I inquyre of it, and herken for it, but nowe
charitie is waxed colde, none helpeth the scholer nor 
yet the pore. And in those dayes what dyd they whan 
they helped the scholers? Mary they maynteyned and 
gaue them liuynges that were verye papists and professed 
the popes doctrine and nowe that the knowledge 
of Gods word is brought to lyght, and many earnestelye 
studye and laboure to set it forth now almost no 
man healpeth to maynteyne them. Oh London 
London, repente repente, for I thynke God is more 
displeased wyth London then euer he was with the
<P 24>
citie of Nebo. Repente therfore repent London and 
remembre that same God lieth nowe yat punyshed 
Nebo, euen the same god and none other, and he wyl 
punyshe synne as well nowe as he dyd then, and he will 
punishe the iniquitie of London as well as he did then
of Nebo. Amende therfore and ye that be prelates loke 
well to your office, for right prelatynge is busye labourynge 
and not lordyng. Therfore preache and teach and 
let your ploughe be doynge, ye lordes I saye that liue lyke
loyterers, loke well to your office, the ploughe is your
office and charge. If you lyue idle and loyter, you do not 
your duetie, you folowe not youre vocation, let your 
plough therfore be going and not cease, that the ground 
maye brynge foorth fruite. But nowe me thynketh I 
heare one saye vnto me, wotte you what you say? Is 
it a worcke? Is it a labour? how then hath it happened 
yat we haue had so manye hundred yeares so 
many vnpreaching prelates, lording loyterers and idle 
ministers? Ye woulde haue me here to make answere 
and to showe the cause thereof. Nay thys land is not 
for me to ploughe, it is to stonye, to thorni, to harde for 
me to plough. They haue so many thynges yat make 
for them, so many things to laye for them selues that it 
is not for my weake teame to plough them. They 
haue to lay for them selues longe customes Cerimonyes, 
and authoritie, placyng in parliamente and many 
thynges more. And I feare me thys lande is not yet 
rype to be ploughed. For as the saying is, it lacketh 
wethering this greare lacketh wetheringe at leaste way 
it is not for me to ploughe. For what shall I loke for 
amonge thornes but prickyng and scrachinge? what 
among stones but stumblyng? What (I had almost 
sayed) among serpenttes but stingyng? But thys muche 
I dare say, that sence lording and loytrying hath come 
vp, preaching hath come downe contrarie to the Apostells 
times. For they preached and lorded not. And 
nowe they lorde and preache not.
   For they that be lordes wyll yll go to plough. It is 
no mete office for them. It is not semyng for their state.
<P 25>
Thus came vp lordyng loyterers. Thus crept in vnprechinge 
prelates, and so haue they longe continued.
   For howe many vnlearned prelates haue we now at 
this day? And no meruel. For if ye plough men 
yat now be, were made lordes they woulde cleane gyue
ouer ploughinge, they woulde leaue of theyr labour and
fall to lordyng outright, and let the plough stand. And 
then bothe ploughes not walkyng nothyng shoulde be in 
the common weale but honger. For euer sence the 
Prelates were made Loordes and nobles, the ploughe 
standeth, there is no worke done, the people sterue. 
   Thei hauke, thei hunt, thei card, they dyce, they 
pastyme in theyr prelacies with galaunte gentlemen, 
with theyr daunsinge minyons, and with theyr freshe 
companions, so that ploughinge is set a syde. And by 
the lordinge and loytryng, preachynge and ploughinge 
is cleane gone. And thus if the ploughemen of the 
countrey, were as negligente in theyr office, as prelates
be, we shoulde not longe lyue for lacke of sustinaunce. 
And as it is necessarie for to haue thys ploughinge for 
the sustentacion of the bodye: so muste we haue also 
the other for the satisfaction of the soule, or elles we 
canne not lyue longe gostly. For as the bodie wasteth 
and consumeth awaye for lacke of bodily meate: so 
doeth the soule pyne a way for default of gostly meate. 
But there be two kyndes of inclosynge to lette or 
hinder boeth these kyndes of plougheinge. The one is 
an inclosinge to let or hinder ye bodily ploughynge, 
and the other to lette or hynder the holiday ploughyng, 
the church ploughinge. The bodylye plougheyng, is 
taken in and enclosed thorowe singulare commoditie. 
For what man wyll lette goe or deminishe hys priuate 
commoditie for a commune welth? and who wyll susteyne 
any damage for the respe`cte of a publique commoditie? 
The other plough also no man is diligent 
to sette forward, nor no man wyll herken to it, but to 
hinder and let it, al mennes eares are open, yea and a 
greate meany of this kynde of ploughmen which are very 
busie and woulde seme to be verie good worckmen. I
<P 26>
feare me some be rather mocke gospellers then faythful 
ploughmen. I knowe many my selfe that professe 
the gospel, and lyue nothyng there after. I knowe 
them, and haue bene conuersaunt wyth some of them. 
I knowe them, and I speake it wyth an heauy herte, 
there is as litle charitye and good liuinge in them as in 
any other, accordyng to that which Christe sayed in the 
Gospel to the greate numbre of people that folowed hym, 
as thoughe they had had an earneste zeale to his doctrine, 
wher as in deede they had it not. (\Non qui vidistis 
signa, sed quia comedistis de panibus.\) Ye folowe me 
(sayth he) not because ye haue seene the sygnes and 
myracles that I haue done, but because ye haue 
eaten the breade and refreshed your bodyes. Therefore 
you folowe me, so that I thynke manye one 
nowe a dayes professeth the gospel for the lyuynge 
sake, not for the loue they beare to gods word. But 
they that wil be true ploughmen muste worke faythfullye 
for Goddes sake, for the edifiynge of theyr bretherne. 
And as diligentelye as the husband man 
plougheth for the sustentacion of the bodye: so diligently 
muste the prelates and ministers labour for the 
fedinge of the soule: boeth the ploughes muste styll 
be doynge, as mooste necessarye for man. And wherefore 
are magistrates ordayned, but that the tranquillitie 
of the commune weale maye be confirmed limiting 
both ploughes.
   But nowe for the defaulte of vnpreaching prelates 
me thinke I coulde gesse what myghte be sayed for excusynge 
of them: They are so troubeled wyth 
Lordelye lyuynge, they be so placed in palacies, couched 
in courtes, ruffelynge in theyr rentes, daunceynge in 
theyr dominions, burdened with ambassages, pamperynge 
of theyr panches lyke a monke that maketh his 
Jubilie, mounchynge in their maungers, and moylynge 
in their gaye manoures and mansions, and so troubeled 
wyth loyterynge in theyr Lordeshyppes: that they canne
<P 27>
not attende it. They are otherwyse occupyed, somme 
in the Kynges matters, some are ambassadoures, some 
of the pryuie counsell, some to furnyshe the courte, 
some are Lordes of the Parliamente, some are presidentes, 
and some comptroleres of myntes. Well, well.
   Is thys theyr duetye? Is thys theyr offyce? Is 
thys theyr callyng? should we haue ministers of the 
church to be comptrollers of the myntes? Is thys a 
meete office for a prieste that hath cure of soules? Is 
thys hys charge? I woulde here aske one question: 
I would fayne knowe who comptrolleth the deuyll at 
home at his parishe, whyle he comptrolleth the mynte? 
If the Apostles mighte not leaue the office of preaching 
to be deacons, shall one leaue it for myntyng? 
   I can not tell you, but the sayinge is, that since 
priests haue bene minters, money hath bene wourse 
then it was before. And they saye that euylnes of 
money hath made all thinges dearer. And in thys behalfe 
I must speake to England. 
   Heare my contrey England, as Paule sayed in his 
firste epistle to the Cor.vi.Chap. for Paule was no sittynge 
bishoppe, but a walkinge and a preachynge 
byshop. But when he wente from them, he lefte there 
behind hym the ploughe goynge styll, for he wrotte 
vnto them and rebuked them for goynge to lawe and 
pleadynge theyr causes before heathen Judges, is there, 
(sayeth he) vtterlye amonge you no wyse manne, to be 
an arbitratoure in matters of iudgement? What? not 
one all that canne iudge betwene brother and brother? 
But one brother go to lawe wyth an other, and that
vnder heathen Judges? (\Constituite contemptos qui 
sunt in ecclesia: et cete.\) Appoynte them Judges that 
are moost abiecte, and vyle in the congregation, 
whyche he speaketh in rebukynge them for (sayth he) 
(\Ad erubescenciam vestram dico.\) I speake it to youre 
shame. So England I speake it to thy shame. Is 
there neuer a noble man to be a Lorde president, but
<P 28>
it muste be a prelate? Is there neuer a wyse man in 
the realme to be a comptroller of the minte? I 
speake it to your shame, I speake it to youre shame. 
Yf there be neuer a wyse man, make a water bearer, 
a tinker, a cobler, a slaue, a page, comptroller of the 
mynte. Make a meane gentylman, a groome, a yeoman, 
make a poore begger Lorde president: Thus I 
speake not that I would haue it so, but to your shame. 
Yf there be neuer a gentleman meete nor able to be
Lorde presidente. For whye are not the noble men
and yong gentlemen of England so brought vp in
knoweledge of God and in learnynge that they maye
be able to execute offices in the commune weale?
The Kynge hath a greate meanye of wardes and I
trowe there is a courte of wardes, why is there not
a schole for the wardes as well as there is a courte for
their landes? Whye are they not set in scholes, where
they maye learne? Or why are they not sent to the
vniuersities that they maye be able to serue the kyng
when they come to age? Yf the wardes and yonge
gentlemen were well brought vp in learnyng and in the
knowledge of God, they woulde not when they come
to age, so much geue them selues to other vanities.
   And if the nobilitie be wel trayned in godly learnynge,
the people would folowe ye same traine. For truly
such as the noble men be, suche wyll the people be.
And nowe the onely cause, why noble men be not
made Lord presidentes, is because they haue not bene
brought vp in learninge: Therefore for the loue of
God, appoynte teachers and s[{c{]holemaisters, you that
haue charge of youth, and giue the teachers stipendes
worthy their paynes, that they maye brynge them vp
in grammer, in Logike, in rethorike, in Philosophe, in
in the ciuile lawe, and in that whiche I can not leaue
vnspoken of, the word of God. Thankes be vnto God
the nobilitie, other wyse is verie well broughte vp in
learninge and godlines, to the great ioye and comfort
of England, so that there is nowe good hope in the 
youth, that we shal an other day haue a flourishinge
<P 29>
common welth, considering theyr godly education. Yea,
and there be al ready noble men ynough (though not
so many as I woulde wishe) able to be Lorde presidentes,
and wyse men ynough, for the mynte. And as
vnmeete a thynge it is for byshoppes to be Lorde presidentes
or priestes to be mynters, as it was for the
Corrhinthians to pleade matters of variaunce before
heathen Judges. It is also a sclaunder to the noble
men, as thoughe they lacked wysedome, and learninge to
be able for suche offices, or elles were no men of consciences,
or elles were not meete to be trusted,and
able for suche offices: And a prelate hath a charge
and cure other wyse, and therfore he can not discharge
his dutie, and be a Lorde president to. For a
presidentshippe requireth a whole man, and a byshoppe
can not be two menne. A bishoppe hath his 
office, a flocke to teache, to loke vnto, and therfore
he can not meddle wyth an other office, which
alone requireth a whole man. He should therfore
gyue it ouer to whome it is meete, and laboure
in his owne busines, as Paule writeth to the
Thessalonians. Lette euerie man do his owne busines,
and folow his callying. Let the priest preache, and
the noble men handle the temporal matters. Moyses
was a meruelous man, a good man. Moyses was a
wonderful felowe, and dyd his dutie being a maried
man. We lacke suche as Moyses was. Well, I woulde
al men woulde loke to their dutie, as God hath called
them, and then we shoulde haue a florishyng christian
commune weale. And nowe I would aske a straung
question. Who is the most diligent bishoppe and prelate
in al England, that passeth al the reste in doinge
his office I can tel, for I knowe him, who it is I knowe
hym well. But nowe I thynke I se you lysting and
hearkening, that I shoulde name him. There is one
that passeth al the other, and is the most diligent prelate
and preacher in al England. And w[{y{]l ye knowe
who it is? I wyl tel you. It is the Deuyl.
 
<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E1 IR SERM LATIMER>
<N SERM EDWARD VI>
<A LATIMER HUGH>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 32>
   In any wyse, let no suche a wone prepare 
vnto him self manye horsses. etc. In 
speakynge these wordes, ye shal vnderstand, 
that I do not entend to speake agaynste the 
strengthe, polysye, and prouision of a kyng, but agaynst 
excesse, and vayne truste that kynges haue in them 
selues, more then in the liuing god the authour of al 
goodnes, and geuer of all victory. Many horses are 
requisite for a king, but he maye not excede in them, 
nor triumphe in them, more then is nedeful, for the 
necessary affayres and defence of the realme: what 
meaneth it, that god hath to do wyth the kynges 
stable? But only he would be mayster of his horsses, 
the Scripture sayeth, (\In altis habitat\) . He dwelleth on 
hye, it foloweth. (\Humilia respicit.\) He 
loketh on lowe thynges, yea, vpon the
Kynges stables. and vpon al the offyces in 
hys house. God is great grand mayster of 
the Kynges house, and wil take accoumpt of euery one 
that beareth rule therin, for the executing of their offices, 
Whether they haue iustly and truely serued the kyng in 
their offices or no. Yea god loketh vpon the kynge hym 
selfe, if he worketh well or not. Euery kyng is subiecte 
vnto God, and all other men are subiectes vnto ye 
king. In a king god requireth faith, not exces of 
horsses. Horsses for a kynge be good and necessarye,
if thei be wel vsed. But horsses are not to be preferred 
aboue pore men. I was ones offendid with the 
kynges horses, and therfore toke occasion to speake 
in the presens of the kynges maiestye that dead is,
<P 33>
whan Abbeis stode. Abbeis were ordeyned for the 
comforte of the pore, Wherfore I sayde it was not 
decent that the kings horsses shuld be kept in them 
(as manye were at that tyme) the lyuynge of poore 
men therby minished and taken a way: But after 
ward a certayne noble man sayd to me, what hast thou
to do with ye kinges horsses? I answered, and sayd, I 
speake my conscience as goddes word directeth me. 
He said horsses be ye mayntenaunces and parte of a 
kynges honoure, and also of hys realme, wherefore in 
speakyng againste them ye are against the kynges 
honoure. I answered. God teacheth what honoure is 
decente for the kynge and for al other 
men accordynge vnto their vocations. God 
apoynteth euery king a sufficient lyuinge 
for hys state and degre boeth by landes and other 
customes. And it is lawfull for euery kyng to enioye 
the same goodes and possessyons. But to extorte and 
take awaye the ryghte of the poore, is agaynste the 
honoure of the kinge. And you do moue the kinge
to do after that manner, then you speake agaynste the
honoure of the kynge. For I ful certifye 
you, extorcioners, violent opressers, in 
grossers of tenamentes and landes, 
throughe whose couetousnes, villages 
decaye and fall downe, the kinges leige people for 
lacke of sustinaunce are famished and decayed. They
be those whyche speke a gainst the honour of the 
kynge. God requireth in the king and al magistrates 
a good herte, to walke directlye in hys 
wayes. And in all subiectes, an obedience 
dewe vnto a kynge. Therefore I pray god 
both the king and also we his people maye endeuer 
diligen[{t{]ly to walke in his wayes, to hys greate honoure 
and our profite. Let hym not prepare 
vnto him selfe to manye wyues. etc. Al 
thoughe we reade heare that the kinges amongest the 
Iewes, had libertye to take more wyues then one, we 
maye not therefore atempte to walke in ordinatly
<P 34>
and to thinke that we may take also many 
wiues. 
   For Christe hath for byden thys vnto 
vs Christians. And lette vs not impute
synne vnto the Iewes because they hadde many
wyues. For they hadde a dispensation so to do.
Christe limiteth on wyfe vnto vs only. And it is a
greate thynge for a man to rule one wyfe ryghtly, and
ordinatly. For a woman is frayll and procliue vnto
all euels, a woman is a very weake vessel, and maye
sone deceyue a man, and brynge hym vnto euell. Many
examples we haue in holy scripture. Adam had but
one wyfe, called Eue, and howe sone had
she brought hym to consent vnto euell,
and to come to destruction, How dyd 
wycked Iesabell preuente kynge Hachabs herte from
god and al godlines, and finally vnto destruction. It
is a very hard thynge for a man to rule wel one woman.
Therfore let oure kynge, what
tyme hys grace shalbe so mynded to take
a wyfe to chose hym one whych is of god,
that is, whyche is of the housholde of fayth. Yea let
all estates be no lesse circumspect in chosynge her, 
takynge great deliberation, and then shal not need 
dyuorsementes, and such myscheues to the euel example 
and sclaunder of our realm, And that she be one
as the kyng can fynd in hys hert to loue
and leade hys life in pure and chaste
esposage, and then shall he be the more
prone and redy to aduance gods glorye,
punishe, and extirpe, the great lecherye
vsed in this realme. Therefore we ought to make a
continuall prayer vnto god, for to graunt oure kynges
grace suche a mate as maye knyt hys hert and heres,
accordyng to goddes ordynaunce and lawe, and not
to consider and cleaue onely to a politike matter or
coniunction, for the enlargynge of dominions, for suertye
and defence of contres, settyng apart the institution
and ordinaunce of God. We haue nowe a prety
<P 35>
litle shilling, in dede a very pretye one. I haue but
one think in my pursse, and the laste daye
I had put it awaye almoste for an olde
grote, and so I truste some wyll take them. The
fynes of the siluer I can not se. But therin is
prynted a fyne sentence: that is. (\Timor Domini
fons [^ARBER: sons^] vitae vel sapientiae.\) The feare of
the Lorde is the fountayne of lyfe or Wysdome. I
wolde god this sentence were alwaies printed in
the herte of the kyng in chosynge hys
wyfe, and in al hys officers. For lyke as
the feare of God is (\fons sapientiae\) or (\vitae\) , so
the forgetting of god is (\fons stulticiae\) the fontayne of
folishnes or of death, althoughe it be 
neuer so politike, for vpon such politike
matters death doth ensue and folowe. All
their deuorcementes and other lyke condiciones to
the greate displeasure of all myghtye God, whiche
euylles I feare me, is much vsed at these daies in the
mariage of noble mens children, for io[{i{]ning landes to
landes, possessions, to possessions, neither the vertuous
educacion, nor liuinge being regarded, but in the infancy
such mariages be made, to the displeasuer of
god and breach of espousals. Let the king therfor
chose vnto him a godly wyfe, wherby he shal the
better liue chast, and in so liuyng all godlines shal encrease
and ryghtewesnes be maynteyned. Notwithstandyng, 
I knowe here after, some wyll come and
moue your grace towardes wantonnes and to the inclinacyon
of the fleshe and vayne affections. But I
would your grace should beare in memorye,
an hystorye of a good king called
Lewes, that trauelled towardes the holye 
lande (whiche was a greate matter in those dayes) and
by the waye syckyned, beynge longe absente from hys
wyfe. And vpon thys matter the phisitians
dyd agre, yat it was for lacke of a
woman. And dyd consulte with the
<P 36>
bishops therein, who dyd conclude that because of the
distance of hys wyfe (beyng in an other countrye) he
should take a wenche. Thys good kyng hering their
conclusion would not assent there vnto, but sayde, he
had rather be sycke euen vnto death then he wold
breake his espousals. Wo worth such consellers,
bishops, nay rather bussardes. Neuertheless if the
king shoulde haue consented to their conclusyon, and
accomplished the same, yf he had not chansed well,
they wolde haue executed the matter as I haue harde
of two yat haue consulted together, and according to
the aduyse of his friend the one of them wroght
where the succession was not good. 
   The other imputed a pese of reproche to hym for hys
such counsell geuen. He excused the matter sayeinge:
that he gaue hym none other counsel, but if it had byne
hys cause he woulde haue done likewise. So I thinke
the bishops wolde haue excused the matter, yf the king
should haue reproued them for their counsell. I do not
rede that the King did rebuke them for their 
councel, but yf he had, I knowe what woulde haue
ben their aunswere. They would haue sayde, we geue
you no worsse councel, then we wolde haue folowed oure
selues, yf we had ben in like case. Wel sir, thys Kyng
dyd wel, and had the feare of god before
hys eyes. He wold not walke in bywalkes,
where are many balkes. Amongest
many balkinges, is much stumbling and by stombling it
chaunceth many tymes to fal downe to the ground.
And therfore, let vs not take any biwalkes, but
let gods word directe vs, let vs not walke after, nor
leane to our owne iudgementes and procedynges of
oure forfathers, nor seke not what they dyd, but
what th[{e{]y shoulde haue done, of which thyng scrypture
admonysheth vs saying: (\Ne inclinemus
praeceptis et traditionibus patrum neque faciamus quod
videtur rectum in oculis nostris\) .
<P 37>
   Let vs not inclyne our selues vnto the preceptes and
tradycyons of oure fathers, nor let vs do that semeth
ryght in our eyes. But suerlye, we wyll not exchange
oure fathers doynges and tradicions, with scripture,
but cheifely lene vnto them and to theyr prescription,
and do that semeth good in oure owne eyes. But
suerly that is goynge downe the ladder, (\Scala caeli\) as it
was made by the Pope came to be a Masse, but that
is a false ladder to bringe men to heauen. The true
ladder to brynge a man to heauen is the knowledge
and folowynge of scripture. Let the kyng therfore
chose a wyfe whych feareth god, let hym not seke a
proude, wanton and one ful of rich treasures
and worldelye pompe. He shall not
multyplye vnto hym selfe to muche gold and siluer.
Is ther to muche thynke you for a kynge? God doeth
alowe muche, vnto a kynge, and it is expediente that
he should haue muche, for he hath great
expenses, and many occasions to spende
muche for the defence and suertie of hys
realme and subiectes.
   And necessary it is that a kyng haue a treasure all
wayeys in a redines, for that, and such other affayres, as
be dayly in hys handes. The which treasure, if it be
not sufficiente, he maye lawfully and wyth a salue conscience,
take taxis of hys subiectes. For it were not
mete, the treasure, shoulde be in the subiectes purses
whan the money shoulde be occupied, nor it were not
best for themselues, for the lacke there of, it myght
cause both it, and all the rest that they haue shold not
long be theirs, And so for a necessarye and expedyent
occacion, it is warranted by goddes word
to take of the subiectes But if there be
sufficyente treasures, and the burdenynge
of subiectes be for a vayne thyng. So yat he wyl
require thus much, or so much of his subiectes (whyche
perchaunce are in great necessitie), and penurye.
Then this couetous intent, and the request thereof, is
to muche, whych god forbiddeth the king her in this
<P 38>
place of scripture to haue. But who shal
se this to much, or tell ye king of this to
much. Thinke you anye of the Kynges
preuye chamber? No. For feare of losse
of fauer. Shall any of his sworne chapelins? No.
Thei bee of the clausset and kepe close such matters.
But the Kynge him selfe must se this to
much, and yat shal he do by no meanes 
with the corporal eyes: Wherfore, he must
haue a paier of spectacles, whiche shall haue two cleare
syghtes in them, yat is, ye one is fayth,
not a seasonable fayeth, which shall laste
but a whyle, but a fayeth, whiche is continuynge 
in God. The seconde cleare sighte is charitie,
whych is feruente towardes hys Chrysten brother. By
them two, must the Kynge se euer whan he hath to
muche.



<B CETRI1>
<Q E1 XX TRI THROCKM>
<N TRIAL THROCKMORTON>
<A X>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PROC TRIAL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SPEECH-BASED>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE TRIAL OF SIR NICHOLAS
THROCKMORTON.
A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF STATE-TRIALS
AND PROCEEDINGS FOR HIGH-TREASON,
AND OTHER CRIMES AND MISDEMEANOURS;
FROM THE REIGN OF KING RICHARD II.
TO THE END OF THE REIGN OF KING GEORGE I.
SECOND EDITION, VOLS. I AND IV.
ED. F. HARGRAVE.
LONDON: PRINTED FOR J. WALTHOE SEN. ETC., 1730.
I, PP. 63.46 - 78.C2.7^]

<P I,63>
[} [\V. THE TRIAL OF SIR NICHOLAS THROCKMORTON
KNIGHT, IN THE GUILDHALL OF LONDON, FOR HIGH-TREASON, THE
17TH OF APRIL, 1554. THE IST OF MARY.\] }]

The Commissioners appointed to try him were,
<P I,63.C1> 
   Sir (^Thomas White^) Knight, Lord Mayor 
of (^London^) ; 
The Earle of (^Shrewesbury^) ;
The Earle of (^Derby^) ; 
Sir (^Thomas Bromley^) Knyght, Lorde 
Chiefe Justice of (^Englande^) ;
Sir (^Nicholas Hare^) Knyght, Mayster of the (^Rolles^) ; 
Sir (^Frauncis Englefielde^) Knight, Maister of the 
Courte of Wardes and Liberties; 
<P I,63.C2>
Sir (^Richard Southwell^) Knight, one of the 
Privy-Council;
Sir (^Edward Walgrave^) Knight, one of the 
Privy-Council;  
Sir (^Roger Cholmeley^) Knight; 
Sir (^Wyllyam Porteman^) Knyght, one of the Justices 
of the King's Benche; 
Sir (^Edwarde Saunders^) Knight, one of the Justices 
of the Common Place;
<P I,64.C1>  
Maister (^Stanford^) ,
Maister (^Dyer^) , Sergeants; 
Maister (^Edward Griffin^) , Attourney-Generall;      
Maister (^Sendall^) ,
(^Peter Tichbourne^) , Clerkes of the Crowne.     
   Firste, after Proclamation made, and the Commission 
red, the Lieutenant of the (^Tower^) , Master
(^Tho. Bridges^) , brought the Prisoner to the Barre;
then Silence was commaunded, and (^Sendall^) said to
the Prisoner as foloweth:
(^Sendall.^) (^Nicholas Throckmorton^) Knighte, hold vp
thy hande, Thou art before this time indited of 
High Treason, &c. that thou then and there didst
falsly and traiterously, &c. conspire and imagine
the Death of the Queenes Majestie, &c. and falsly
and traiterously didst leuie Warr againste the Queen
within hir Realm, &c. and also thou wast adherente
to the Queenes Enimies within hir Realm,
giuing to them Ayde and Comfort, &c. and also
falsly and trayterously didst conspire and intend
to depose and deprive the Queen of hir Royal
Estate, and so finally destroy hir, &c. and also
thou didst falsly and traiterously deuise and conclude
to take violently the (^Tower^) of (^London^) , &c.
Of al which Treasons and euery of them in Manner
and Forme, &c. art thou giltie or not giltie?
(^Throckmorton.^) May it please you my Lords and
Maisters, which be authorised by the Queenes 
Commission to be Judges this day, to giue me
leaue to speake a fewe words, which doth both
concerne you and me, before I aunswere to the Enditement,
and not altogithers impertinente to the
Matter, and then pleade to the Enditemente.
(^Bromley,^) No, the Order is not so, you must first
pleade whether you be giltie or no.
(^Throckmorton.^) If that be your Order and Law,
judge accordingly to it.
(^Hare.^) You must firste aunswer to the Matter
wherwith you are charged, and then you may talke
at your pleasure.
(^Throckmorton.^) But things spoken out of place 
wer as good not spoken.
(^Bromley.^) These bee but delayes to spende time,
therfore answer as the Law willeth you.
(^Throckmorton.^) My Lords, I pray you make not
too much hast with me, neither thinke not long
for your Diner, for my Case requireth leysure, and
you haue well dined when you haue done Justice
truely. Christ said, (^Blessed are they that hunger
and thirste for Righteousnesse^) .
(^Bromley.^) I can forbeare my Dinner as well as
you, and care as little as you peraduenture.
(^Shrewsbury.^) Come you hither to checke us (^Throckmorton^) ; 
we will not be so used, no, no, I for my
parte haue forborne my Breakfast, Dinner and 
Supper, to serve the Queene.
(^Throckmorton.^) Yea, my good Lord, I know it
right well; I meant not to touche your Lordship,
for youre Service and Paines is euidently knowen
to all Men.
(^Southwell.^) M. (^Throckmorton^) , this Talke neede not,
we know what we haue to do, and you would
teach us our Duties; you hurt your Mater, go to!
go to!
(^Throckmorton.^) M. (^Southwell^) , you mistake me, I
meant not to teach you, nor none of you, but to
remember you of that I trust you all be well instructed
in, and so I satisfie my selfe, since I shall
not speake, thinking you all know what you haue
to doe, or oughte to know, so I will aunswer to
<P I,64.C2>
the Inditement, and do pleade not giltie to the
whole, and to euery part thereof.
(^Sendall.^) How wilt thou be tried?
(^Throckmorton.^) Shall I be tried as I would, or as 
I shuld?
(^Bromley.^) You shall be tried as the Law will,
and therefore you must say by God and by the 
Countrey.
(^Throckmorton.^) Is that your Law for me? it is
not as I wold; but since you wil have it so, I am
pleased with it, and do desire to be tried by faithful
just Men, which more fear God than the World.

The Names of the Jurours.  

(^Lucas. Lowe.
Yong. Whetston.
Martyn. Pointer.
Beswike. Bankes.
Bascafeeld. Calthrop.
Kightley. Cater.^)

   What time the Atturney went forthwith to
Mr. (^Cholmley^) , and shewed him the Sheriffes Returne,
who being acquainted with the Citizens,
knowing the Corruptions and Dexterities of them
in such Cases, noted certaine to be chalenged for
the Q. (a rare case) and the same Men being
knowen to be sufficient and indifferent, that no
Exceptions were to be taken to them, but only
for their upright Honesties, notwithstanding the
Attorney prompting Sergeant (^Dier^) . The said Sergeant
chalenged one (^Bacon^) , and another Citizen
peremptorily for the Queen. Then the Prisoner
demanded the cause of the Chalenge: the Sergeante
aunswered, we neede not shew you the
cause of the Chalenge for the Queen. Then the
Inquest was furnished with other honest Men, that
is to say, (^Whetstone^) and (^Lucas^) , so the Prisoner
vsed these Words. 
(^Throckmorton.^) I trust you have not provided for
me this Day, as in times past I knew another Gentleman
occupying this woful place was prouided
for. It chanced one of the Justices upon Jealousie
of the Prisoner's acquitall, for the goodnesse of his
Cause, said to another of his Companions a Justice, 
when the Jury did appeare, I like not this
Jury for our purpose, they seeme to be too pitiful
and too charitable to condemne the Prisoner. No, 
no, said the other Judge (^viz. Cholmley^) I warrant
you, they be picked Fellowes for the nonce, he
shall drink of the same Cup his Fellowes haue
done. I was then a loker on of the Pageant as
others be now here, but now wo is me, I am a
Player in that woful Tragedie. Well, for these
and such other like the black Oxe hath of late
troden on some of their Feet, but my trust is, I
shall not be so used. Whylest this Talke was,
(^Cholmeley^) consulted with the Atturney aboute the
Jury, which the Prisoner espied, and then sayde
as heere ensueth, Ah, ah Maister (^Cholmely^) , will 
this foule packing neuer be left?
(^Cholmely.^) Why what do I, I pray you, M. (^Throckmorton^) ? 
I did nothing, I am sure you do picke 
Quarrels to me.
(^Throckmorton.^) Well Maister (^Cholmely^) , if you do 
well, it is better for you, God help you.
   The Jury then was sworne, and Proclamation
made, that whosoeuer woulde giue Euidence againste
Sir (^Nicholas Throckmorton^) Knight, shoulde
come in and be heard, for the Prisoner stood upon
<P I,65.C1>
his Deliuerance: whereupon Sergeant (^Stanford^) presented
hymself to speake.
(^Throckmorton.^) And it may please you Maister Sergeante,
and the others my Masters of the Quenes
learned Counsell, like as I was minded to haue said
a fewe Words to the Commissioners, if I mighte
haue had leaue, for their better remembrance of
their Dueties in this place of Justice, and concerning
direct indifferency to be used towards me this
Day; so by your Patience I do thinke good to say
somewhat to you, and to the rest of the Quenes
learned Counsell, appointed to giue Euidence againste
mee. And albeit you and the rest by Order
be appointed to gyue euidence againste mee, and
enterteyned to sette forth the Depositions and Matter
against me, yet I pray you remember I am not
alienate from you, but that I am youre Christian
Brother, neither you so charged, but you ought to
consider Equitie, not yet so priuiledged, but that
you haue a Duetie of God appoynted you how you
shal do youre Office, whiche if you exceede, wil
be greuously required at youre hands. It is lawfull
for your to vse your Gifts, which I know God
hathe largely giuen you, as youre Learning,
Arte and Eloquence, so as thereby you do not
seduce the Minds of the simple and unlearned
Jury, to credite Matters otherwise than they be.
For Maister Sergeant, I knowe howe by Perswasions,
Enforcements, Presumptions, applying,
implying, inferring, conjecturing,  deducing of
Arguments, wresting and exceeding the Law, the
Circumstances, the  Depositions and Confessions,
that unlearned Men maye bee inchanted to thinke
and judge those that bee things indifferente, or
at the worst but ouersights, to be great Treasons;
such power Orators haue, and such Ignorance
the Unlearned haue. Almighty God by the
Mouth of his Prophete, doth conclude such Advocates 
bee cursed, speaking these Words, Cursed
bee hee that doth his office craftily, corruptly,
and maliciously. And consider also, that my
Bloud shall be required at your hands, and punished
in you and yours, to the third and fourth
Generation. Notwithstanding you and the Justices
excuse always such erronious doings, when
they be after called in question by the Verdict of
the twelve Men; but I assure you, the Purgation
serueth you as it did (^Pilate^) , and you washe
your Handes of the Bloudshed, as (^Pilate^) did of
Christs. And now to your matter.
(^Stanford.^) And it please you, my Lords, I doubt
not to proue euidently and manifestly, that (^Throckmorton^)
is worthely and rightly indicted and araigned
of these Treasons, and that he was a
principall deuiser, procurer and contriver of the
late Rebellion, and that (^Wyat^) was but his Minister.
How say you, (^Throckmorton^) , dyd not you send
(^Winter^) to (^Wyat^) into (^Kent^) , and did deuise that
the Tower of (^London^) shoulde be taken, with other
Instructions concernyng (^Wyat's^) Sturre and 
Rebellion? 
(^Throckmorton.^) May it please you that I shall
aunswer particularly to the matters objected
against me, in as muche as my Memorie is not
good, and the same much decayed since my greeuous 
Emprisonment, with want of Sleep, and other
Disquietnesse: I confesse I did say to (^Winter^) ,
that (^Wyat^) was desirous to speake with him, as I
understoode.
(^Stanford.^) Yea Sir, and you deuised togither of
the taking of the Tower of (^London^) , and of the 
other great Treasons.
<P I,65.C2>
(^Throckmorton.^) Noe, I did not so, proue it.
(^Stanford.^) Yes Sir, you met with (^Winter^) sundry
times, as shall appeare, and in sundry Places.
(^Throckmorton.^) That graunted, proveth no such
matter as is supposed in the Inditement.
   (^Stanford^) red (^Winter's^) Confession, whyche was
of this effect; That (^Throckmorton^) mette with (^Winter^) 
one Day in (^Tower-street^) , and told him, that
Sir (^Thomas Wyat^) was desirous to speak with him,
and (^Winter^) demanded where (^Wyat^) was: (^Throckmorton^)
aunswered, at his House in (^Kente^) , not farre
from (^Gillingham^) , as I heard say, where the Shyps
lye. Then they parted at that time, and shortly
after (^Throckmorton^) met with (^Winter^) , vnto whome
(^Winter^) sayd, Maister (^Wyat^) dothe much mislike 
the comming of the (^Spanyardes^) into this Realme,
and feareth their short arriuall here, in as much
as dayly he heareth thereof; dothe see daily diuers
of them arrive heere, scattered like Soldyers; and
therefore he thinketh good the Tower of (^London^)
should be taken by a sleighte, before the Prince
came, least that peece be deliuered to the (^Spanyardes^) .
How say you (^Throckmorton^) to it? (^Throckmorton^)
aunswered, I mislike it for diuers respects;
euen so do I, sayde (^Winter^) . At another tyme
(^Throckmorton^) mette me the sayd (^Winter^) in (^Poules^) ,
when hee had sent one to my House to seeke me
before; and he said to me, you are Admiral of
the Fleet that now goeth into (^Spayne^) . I aunswered
yea. (^Throckmorton^) saide, when will your
Shippes be ready? I saide, within tenne Dayes.
(^Throckmorton^) sayde, I vnderstand you are appointed 
to conduct and carrie the Lord Priuie
Seale into (^Spaine^) ; and considring the Daunger
of the (^Frenchmen^) , which you say arme them to the
Sea apace, me thinke it well done, you put my
sayde Lorde and his Traine on Lande in the West
Country to avoyde all Daungers. (^Throckmorton^)
saide also, that (^Wyat^) changed his purpose, for
taking the Tower of (^London^) ; I said I was glad
of it: and as for the (^Frenchmen^) , I care not much
for them, I will so handle the matter, that the
Queenes shippes shall bee I warrante you in safegard. 
Another time I met with M. (^Throckmorton^)
when I came from the Emperours Ambassadors,
vnto whome I declared, that the Emperour had
sent me a fayre Cheyne, and shewed it unto
(^Throckmorton^) , who said, for this Cheyne you haue
sold your Country. I saide, it is neyther (^French^)
King nor Emperoure that can make me sell my
Country, but I will be a true (^Englishman^) : then
they parted. This is the summe of the Talke betwixt 
(^Throckmorton^) and (^Winter^) .
(^Stanford.^) Now my Masters of the Jury, you
haue heard my Sayings confirmed with (^Winter's^)
Confession: how say you (^Throckmorton^) , can you 
denie it? if you will, you shall haue (^Winter^) justifie
it to your Face.
(^Throckmorton.^) My Lords, shall it please you that
I shal answer?
(^Bromley.^) Yea, say your mind.
(^Throckmorton.^) I may truly denye some part of
this Confession; but bycause there is nothing material
greatly, I suppose the whole to be true, and
what is herein deposed, sufficiente to bring me
within the compas of the Enditement.
(^Stanford.^) It appeareth that you were of Counsel
with (^Wyat^) , in as much as you sente (^Winter^)
downe to him, who uttered unto him diuers traitorous
Deuises.
(^Throckmorton.^) This is but conjectural; yet sithence
you will construe so maliciously, I will recompte
<P I,66.C1>
how I sent (^Winter^) to (^Wyat^) : and then I pray you
of the Jury, judge better than Maister Sergeante
doth. I met by chance a Seruant of Maister
(^Wyat's^) , who demanded of me for (^Winter^) , and
shewed mee, that his Maister woulde gladly speake
with him; and so without any further Declaration,
desired me, if I met (^Winter^) , to tel him Maister
(^Wyat's^) mind, and where he was. Thus much for 
the sending downe of (^Winter^) .
(^Attourney.^) Yea, Sir, but how say you to the taking
of the Tower of (^London^) , which is Treason?
(^Throckmorton.^) I aunswere, though (^Wyat^) thought
meete to attempt so daungerous and Enterprise,
and that (^Winter^) enformed me of it, you cannot
extende (^Wyat's^) Deuises to be mine, and to bring
me within the compass of Treason; for what
maner of reasoning or proofe is this, (^Wyat^) woulde
haue taken the Tower, (^ergo Throckmorton^) is a
Traitor? (^Winter^) doth make my Purgation in his
owne Confession, euen now redde as it was by
Maister Sergeante, though I say nothing; for
(^Winter^) doth auowe there, that I did much mislike
it. And because you shall the better understand
that I did alwayes not alow these Master (^Wyat's^)
Deuises, I had these Words to (^Winter^) , when he
enformed me of it; I think M. (^Wyat^) would no
(^Englishman^) hurt, and this Enterprise cannot be
done without the hurt and slaughter of both Parties;
for I know him that hath the Charge of
the Peece, and his Brother, both Men of good
Seruice; the one had in charge a piece of great
Importance, (^Bolloyne^) I meane, which was stoutly
assayled, and notwithstanding he made a goode
accompt of it for his time, that like I am sure he
will do by this his Charge. Moreouer, to accompte
the taking of the (^Tower^) is uery dangerous by the
Law. These were my Wordes to (^Winter^) . And
besides, it is very unlike, that I of all Men woulde
confederate in such a matter against the Lieutenant
of the (^Tower^) , whose Daughter my Brother hath
married, and his House and mine alyed together
by Mariage sundry times within these few
Yeres.
(^Hare.^)  But how say you to this, that (^Wyat^) and 
you had Conference togither sundry times at (^Warner's^)
House, and in other places?
(^Throckmorton.^) This is a very general Charge, to
haue Conference; but why was it not as lawful
for me to confer with (^Wyat^) , as with you, or
any other Man? I then knew no more by
(^Wyat^) , than by any other; and to proue to
talke with (^Wyat^) was lawful and indifferent, the
last Day I did talke with (^Wyat^) , I sawe my Lord
of (^Arondel^) , with other noble Men and Gentlemen,
talke with him familiarly in the Chamber of
Presence.
(^Hare.^)  But they did not conspire nor talke of
any stur against the (^Spanyards^) as you did pretend,
and meant it against the Queen; for you, (^Croftes^) ,
(^Rogers^) and (^Warner^) , did oftentimes deuise in            #
(^Warner's^)
House aboute youre traiterous purposes, or
else what did you so often there?
(^Throckmorton.^) I confess I did mislike the Queenes
Mariage with (^Spain^) , and also the comming of the
(^Spanyards^) hither: and then me thought I had reason
to doe so, for I did learne the Reasons of my
misliking of you M. (^Hare^) , M. (^Southwell^) , and others
in the Parliament House; there I did see the
whole Consent of the Realm against it; and I a
Hearer, but no Speaker, did learne my misliking
of those Matters, confirmed by many sundry Reasons
amongst you: but as concerning any sturre or
<P I,66.C2>
vprore against the (^Spanyards^) , I neuer made any,
neyther procured any to be made; and for my
much resort to M. (^Warner's^) House, it was not to
conferre with M. (^Wyat^) , but to shew my Friendship 
to my very good Lord the Marques of (^Northampton^) , 
who was lodged there when he was 
enlarged.
(^Stanford.^) Did not you, (^Throckmorton^) , tell Winter
that (^Wyat^) had changed his Mind for the taking
of the (^Tower^) ; whereby it appeared euidently that
you knew of his doings?
(^Throckmorton.^) Truly I did not tell him so, but
I care not greately to giue you that Weapon to
play you withal: now let us see what you can 
make of it?
(^Stanford.^) Yea, Sir, that proueth that you were
priuie to (^Wyat's^) Mind in all his Deuises and Treasons,
and that there was sending betwixt you and
(^Wyat^) from time to time.
(^Throckmorton.^) What M. Sergeant, doth this proue
against me, that I knew (^Wyat^) did repent him of
an euil deuised Enterprise? Is it to know (^Wyat's^)
Repentance, Sinne? No, it is but a Venial Sinne;
if it be any, it is not deadly. But where is the
Messenger or Message that (^Wyat^) sent to me touching
his Alteration? and yet it was lawful ynough
for me to heare from (^Wyat^) at that time, as from
any other Man, for any acte that I knew he had
done.
(^Dyer.^) And it may please you, my Lordes, and
you my Maisters of the Jurie, to prove that (^Throckmorton^)
is a principal doer in this Rebellion, there
is yet many other things to be declared: amongst
other, there is (^Croftes^) Confession, who sayeth, that
he and you and your Accomplices, did manye
times deuise aboute the whole Matters, and hee
made you priuie to all his Determinations, and
you shewed him that you woulde goe into the
West Countrey with the Earle of (^Deuon^) , to Sir
(^Peter Caroe^) , accompanyed with others. 
(^Throckmorton.^) M. (^Croftes^) is yet liuing, and is
here this day; how hapneth it he is not brought
Face to Face to justifie this matter, neither hathe
bin of all this time? Will you knowe the Trueth?
either he sayd not so, or he wil not abide by it,
but honestly hath reformed himself. And as for 
knowing his Deuises, I was so well acquainted
with them, that I can name none of them, nor
you neyther, as matter knowen to mee.
(^Attourney.^) But why did you aduise (^Winter^) to
land my Lord Priuie Seale in the West 
Countrey?
(^Throckmorton.^) He that told you that my mind
was to land him there, doth partly tel you a reason
why I said so, if you would remember as well the
one as the other; but because you are so forgetful, 
I will recite wherefore: In communication
betwixt (^Winter^) and me, as he declared to me that
the (^Spanyards^) provided to bring their Prince hither,
so the (^Frenchmen^) prepared to interrupt his
Arrival, for they began to arme to the Sea, and had
already certain Shippes on the West Cost, (as he
heard) unto whom I saide, that peraduenture
not onely the Queenes Shippes under his Charge
might be in jeopardy, but also my Lorde Priuie
Seale, and all his Trayne, the (^Frenchmen^) beeing
wel prepared to meete with them; and therefore
for all Euents it were good you should put
my said Lord in the West Countrey, in case you
espie any jeoperdie. But what doth this proue to
the Treasons, if I were not able to giue conuenient
Reasons to my talke?
<P I,67.C1>
(^Stanford.^) Mary Sir, now commeth the Proofes
of youre Treasons: you shal heare what (^Cutbert
Vaughan^) sayth against you.
   Then Sergeant (^Stanford^) did reade (^Vaughan's^)
Confession, tending to this effect, That (^Vaughan^)
comming out of (^Kent^) , met with (^Throckmorton^) at
M. (^Warner's^) House, who after he had don Commendations 
from (^Wyat^) to him, desired to know
where (^Crofts^) was; (^Throckmorton^) answered, either
at (^Arundel^) House where he lodgeth, or in (^Poules^) .
Then (^Vaughan^) desired to know howe thyngs went
at (^London^) saying, M. (^Wyat^) and wee of (^Kent^) do
much mislike the Mariage with (^Spaine^) , and the 
comming of the (^Spanyardes^) for diuers respectes;
howbeit, if other Countries mislike them as (^Kent^)
doth, they shall be but hardly welcome: and so
they parted. Shortly after (^Throckmorton^) met with
(^Vaughan^) in (^Poules^) , unto whome (^Throckmorton^)         #
declared
with sundry Circumstances, that the Western
Men were in readinesse to come forwards; and
that Sir (^Peter Caroe^) had sent unto him euen now,
and that he had in order a good Band of Horsemen,
and an other of Footemen. Then Vaughan
demanded what the Erle of (^Devon^) would do;
(^Throckmorton^) answered he will marre all, for he
will not go hence; and yet Sir (^Peter Caroe^) wold
mete him with a Band both of Horsemen and
Footemen, by the way of (^Andeuer^) , for his Safeguard; 
and also he should haue bin well accompanyed
from hence with other Gentlemen, yet all this
wyl not moue him to departe hence. Moreouer,
the said Erle hath, as is said, discovered al the
whole matter to the Chancellor, or else it is
comen out by his Taylor, aboute the trimming
of a Shirte of Mayle, and the making of a Cloke.
At another time, (^Vaughan^) saith, (^Throckmorton^) shewed
him, that he had sent a Poste to Sir (^Peter Caroe^)
to come forwarde with as muche speede as might
be, and to bring his force with him. And also
(^Throckmorton^) advised (^Vaughan^) to will M. (^Wyat^)
come forward with his Power, for nowe was the
time, in as much as the (^Londoners^) would take his
part, if the matter were presented unto them.
(^Vaughan^) said also, that (^Throckmorton^) and (^Warner^)
should haue ridden with the said Erle Westward.
Moreouer, the said (^Vaughan^) deposed, that (^Throckmorton^)
shewed him in talke of the Erle of (^Pembroke^) , 
that the said Earle woulde not fight against 
them, though hee woulde not take their partes.
Also (^Vaughan^) said, That (^Throckmorton^) shewed hym
that he would ride downe to (^Barkeshire^) to Sir
(^Francis Englefield's^) House, there to meete his eldest 
Brother, to moue him to take his part. And
this was the Summe of (^Cutbert Vaughan's^) 
Confession.
(^Stanford.^) How say you, doth not heere appeare
euident matter to proue you a Principal, who
not onely gaue order to Sir (^Peter Caroe^) and his 
Adherents, for their rebellious actes in the West
Countrey; but also procured (^Wyat^) to make his
Rebellion, appointing him and the others also,
when they should attempt their Enterprise, and
how they should order their doings from time to
time? Besides all this euident Matter, you were
specially appointed to go away with the Earle of
(^Devon^) , as one that would direct all thinges, and
giue order to all Men; and therefore (^Throckmorton^) ,
since this matter is so manifest, and the euidence 
so apparent, I would aduise you to confesse
your fault, and submit your selfe to the Queenes
Mercy.
<P I,67.C2>
(^Bromley.^) Howe say you, will you confesse the
matter? and it will be best for you.
(^Throckmorton.^) No, I will neuer accuse my selfe
unjustly; but in as muche as I am come hither to
bee tried, I pray you let me haue the Law 
favourably.
(^Attourney.^) It is apparent that you lay at (^London^)
as a Factor, to giue Intelligence as well to
them in the West, as to (^Wyat^) in (^Kent^) .
(^Throckmorton.^) How proue you that, or who doth
accuse me but this condemned Man?
(^Attourney.^) Why, will you denie this matter? you
shall haue  (^Vaughan^) justifie his whole Confession
here before your Face.
(^Throckmorton.^) It shal not neede, I know his
unshamefastnes, he hath aduowed some of this
vntrue talk before this tyme to my Face; and it
is not otherwise like, considering the price, but
he wil do the same again.
(^Attourney.^) My Lords and Maisters, you shall
haue (^Vaughan^) to justifie this heere before you all,
and confirm it with a Booke Oth.
(^Throckmorton.^) He that hath said and lyed, will
not, being in this case, sticke to swear and lye.

   (^Then was^) Cutbert Vaughan (^brought into the open
Court^) .

(^Sendall.^) How say you, (^Cutbert Vaughan^) , is this
your own Confession, and wil you abide by all
that is here written?
(^Vaughan.^) Let me see it, and I will tell you.
Then his Confession was shewed him.
(^Attourney.^) Bycause you of the Jury the better
may credite him, I pray you my Lords let
(^Vaughan^) be sworn.

   (^Then was^) Vaughan (^sworne on a Booke to say nothing
but the Truth^) .

(^Vaughan.^) It may please you my Lords and
Maisters, I could haue bin well content to haue
chose seauen Yeres Imprisonment, though I had 
bin a free Man in the Law, rather than I would
this Day haue gyuen Euidence against Sir (^Nicholas
Throckmorton^) , vnto whome I bear no displeasure;
but sithence I must needes confesse my
Knowledge, I must confesse all that is there written
is true. How say you M. (^Throckmorton^) , was
there any displeasure betwene you and me, to
moue me to say aught against you?
(^Throckmorton.^) Not, that I know: how say you
(^Vaughan^) , what Acquaintance was there between
you and me, and what Letters of Credit, or
Token did you bring me from (^Wyat^) , or any other
to moue me to trust you?
(^Vaughan.^) As for Acquaintance, I knew you as
I did other Gentlemen; and as for Letters, I
brought you none other but Commendations from
M. (^Wyat^) , as I did to diuers other of his Acquaintance
at (^London^) .
(^Throckmorton.^) You might as well forge the Commendations
as the rest; but if you haue done
with (^Vaughan^) , my Lords, I pray you giue me
leaue to aunswere.
(^Bromely.^) Speak, and be short.
(^Throckmorton.^) I speak generally to all that be
heere present, but especially to you of my Jury,
touching the Credit of (^Vaughan's^) Depositions against
me, a condemned Man; and after to the
Matter: and note I pray you the Circumstances,
<P I,68.C1>
the better to induce somewhat material. First
I pray you remember the small Familiaritie betwixt
(^Vaughan^) and me, as he hathe auowed before
you. And moreouer, to procure Credite at my
hand, he brought neither Letter nor Token from
(^Wyat^) , nor from any other to me, which he also
hath confessed here, and I will suppose (^Vaughan^)
to be in as good Condition as any other Man
here, that is to say, an uncondemn'd Man; yet I
referre it to your good Judgment, whether it were
lyke that I knowing onely (^Vaughan's^) Person from
another Man, and having none other Acquaintance
with him, would so frankly discouer my
mind to him in so dangerous a matter. How
like, I say, is this, when diuers of these Gentlemen
now in Captiuitie, being my very Familiars,
coulde not depose any such matter against me,
and neuertheless vpon their Examinations haue
said what they could? And thogh I be no wise
Man, I am not so rash to vtter to an unknowen
Man (for so may I call him in comparison) a
matter so dangerous for me to speake, and him
to heare; but bycause my Trueth and his Falsehood
shall the better appear unto you, I will declare
his Inconstancy in vttering this his Euidence;
and for my better Credite, it may please
you, M. (^Southwell^) , I take you to witnes, when
(^Vaughan^) first justified this his unjust Accusation
against me before the L. (^Paget^) , the L. Chamberlaine,
you M. (^Southwell^) , and others, he referred
the Confirmation of this surmised matter to a
Letter sent from him to Sir (^Thomas Wyat^) ; which
Letter doth neither appeare, nor any Testimony
of the said M. (^Wyat^) against mee touching the
matter: for I doubte not Sir (^Thomas Wyat^) hath
bin examin'd of me, and hathe sayde what he
could directly or indirectly. Also (^Vaughan^) saith,
that yong (^Edward Wyat^) coulde confirme this matter,
as one that knew this pretended Discourse
betwixt (^Vaughan^) and me; and thereupon I made
sute that (^Edward Wyat^) might either be brought
face to face to me, or otherwise be examined.
(^Southwell.^) M. (^Throckmorton^) , you mistake your
matter, for (^Vaughan^) said, that (^Edward Wyat^) did
know some part of the matter, and also was priuie
to the Letter that (^Vaughan^) sent to Sir (^Thomas Wyat^) .
(^Throckmorton.^) Yea, Sir, that was (^Vaughan's^) last
shift, when I charged him before the Master of
the Horse, and you with his former Allegations
touching his witnes; whom when hee espyed,
woulde not do so lewdly as hee thought, then
he vsed this Alteration: but where is (^Edward
Wyat's^) Depositions of any thing against me, now
it appeareth neither his firste nor his last Tale
to be true? For you knowe, M. (^Bridges^) , and so
doth my Lord your Brother, that I desired twice
or thrice (^Edward Wyat^) shuld be examined; and I
am sure, and most assured, he hathe bin willed to
say what he could, and here is nothing deposed
by him against me, eyther touching any Letter
or other Conference; or where is (^Vaughan's^) Letter
sent by Sir (^Thomas Wyat^) concerning my
Talke?
   But now I will speake of (^Vaughan's^) present
Estate, in that he is a condemned Man, whose
Testimonie is nothing worthe by any Lawe; and
bycause false Witnes be mentioned in the Gospel,
treating of Accusation, hearke I pray you what
S. (^Jerome^) sayeth, expounding the place: it is demanded
why Christes accusers be called false Witnesses,
which did report Christ's Words not as
he spake them; they be false witnesses saith S. (^Jerome^) ,
<P I,68.C2>
which do ad, alter, wrest, double, or do
speake for hope to auoid Death, or for malice to
procure another Man's Death: for all Men may
easily gather he cannot speake truely of me, or
in the case of another Man's Life, where he hath
hope of his owne by Accusation. Thus much
speaketh S. (^Jerome^) of false Witnes. By the ciuil
Law there be many Exceptions to be taken agaynst
such Testimonies; but bycause we be not
gouerned by that Law, neither I haue my Trial by
it, it shal be superfluous to trouble you therewith,
and therefore you shall heare what your
owne Lawe doth say. There was a Statute made
in my late Soueraigne Lord and Maister his time,
touching Accusation, and these be the Words:
   Be it enacted, That no Person nor Persons, &c.
shall be indited, araigned, condemned, or conuicted
for any Offence of Treason, Petit Treason,
Misprision of Treason, for which the same Offendor
shal suffer any Paynes of Death, Imprisonment,
Losse or Forfeyture of his Goodes, Lands,
&c. vnlesse the same Offendor be accused by two
sufficient and lawful Witnesses, or shall willingly
without Violence confesse the same. And also in
the sixth Yere of his Raigne, it is thus ratified
as ensueth:
   That no Person nor Persons shall bee indited,
araigned, condemned, conuicted or attainted of
the Treasons or Offences aforesaide, or for anye
other Treasons that now bee, or hereafter shall
be, unlesse the same Offendor or Offendors be
thereof accused by two lawfull and sufficient Accusers;
whiche at the time of Araignement of
the Parties so accused (if they be then liuing)
shall be brought in Person before the said Partie
accused, and auowe and mainteine that they haue
to say againste the saide Partie, to proue him
giltie of the Treasons or Offence conteined in
the Byll of Inditement layd agaynst the Partie
araigned, vnlesse the sayd Partie araigned shall
be willing without Violence to confesse the same.
   Here note I pray you, that our Lawe dothe
require two lawfull and sufficient Accusers to be
brought face to face, and (^Vaughan^) is but one, and
the same most vnlawfull and insufficient; for
who can be more unlawful and insufficient than a
condemned Man, and suche one as knoweth to
accuse mee is the meane to saue his owne Lyfe?
Remember, I pray you, howe long and how many
times (^Vaughan's^) Execution hathe bin respited,
and how often hee hathe bin conjured to accuse,
(whych by Goddes Grace hee withstoode vntill
the last Houre) what time perceyuing there was
no way to liue, but to speake againste mee or
some other (his former Grace beeyng taken away)
did redeeme his Lyfe most unjustly and
shamefully, as you see.
(^Hare.^) Why shoulde he accuse you more than
any other, seeyng there was no displeasure betwixte
you, if the matter had not bin true?
(^Throckmorton.^) Bycause he must eyther speake of
some Man, or suffer Deathe; and then he did rather
choose to hurte him he did least know, and so
loued least, than any other well knowen to him,
whome he loued most. But to you of my Jury
I speake specially, and therefore I pray you note
what I say: In a matter of lesse weight than Trial
of Life and Lande, a Man may by the Law take
Exceptions to suche as be impaneld, to trie the
Controuersies betwixt the Parties: as for example,
a Man may chalenge that the Sheriffe is hys
Enemie, and therefore hathe made a parciall Returne,
<P I,69.C1>
or bycause one of the Jury is the Sheriffe
my Aduersaries Seruante; and also in case my
Aduersaries Villaine or Bondman be empanelled,
I may lawfully chalenge him, bycause the Aduersarie
parte hathe power ouer hys Villayne's Landes
and Goodes, and hathe the vse of hys Bodye for
seruile Office: muche more I may of right take
Exception to (^Vaughan's^) Testimonie, my Lyfe and
all that I haue depending therevppon; and the
same (^Vaughan^) beeyng more bounde to the Queenes
Highnesse, my Aduersarie (that wo is me therefore,
but so the Lawe dothe here so tearme hyr
Majestie) than anye Villayne is to hys Lord; for
hir Hyghnesse hath not onely Power ouer hys
Bodye, Lands, and Goodes, but ouer his Lyfe also.
(^Stanford.^) Yea, the Exceptions are to be taken
agaynste the Jury in that case; but not agaynst the
Witnes or Accusor, and therefore youre Argument
serueth little for you.
(^Throckmorton.^) That is not so, for the vse of the Jurie,
and the Witnes, and the Effect of their doings
doth serue me to my purpose, as the Law shall discusse.
And thus I make my Comparison: By the
Ciuil Law the Judge doth giue Sentence upon the
Depositions of the Witnes, and by your Law the
Judge doth giue Judgement upon the Verdict of
the Jury, so as the effect is both one to finish the
matter, Trial in Law, as well by the Depositions
of the Witnes, as by the Juries Verdict, though
they varie in Forme and Circumstance; and so
(^Vaughan's^) Testimonie being credited, may be the
material Cause of my Condemnation, as the Jury
may be induced by his Depositions to speak their
Verdict, and so finally therevpon the Judge to giue
Sentence. Therefore I may use the same Exceptions
against the Jury, or any of them, as the principal
mean, that shall occasion my Condemnation.
(^Bromley.^) Why, do you denie, that euery part of
(^Vaughan's^) Tale is untrue?
(^Attourney.^) You may see he will denie all, and
say there was no such Communication betwixt
them.
(^Throckmorton.^) I confesse some part of (^Vaughan's^)
Confession to be true, as the Name, the Places,
the Time, and some part of the Matter.
(^Attourney.^) So you of the Jury may perceiue the
Prisoner doth confesse some thing to be true.
(^Throckmorton.^) As touching my sending to Sir (^Peter
Caroe^) , or his sending to me, or concerning
my Aduice to M. (^Wyat^) to sturre, or to repaire
hither, or touchyng the Earl of (^Deuon^) parting
hence, and my going with him, and also concerning
the matter of the Earle of (^Pembroke^) , I
do aduow and say that (^Vaughan^) hath said untruely.
(^Southwell.^) As for my Lord of (^Pembroke^) , you
neede not excuse the matter, for he hath shewed
himselfe cleere in these matters like a Nobleman,
and that we all know.
(^Hare.^) Why what was the talke betwixt
(^Vaughan^) and you so long in (^Poules^) , if these were
not so, and what meant your oft Meetings?
(^Throckmorton.^) As for our often Meetings, they
were of no set purpose, but by chance, and yet no
oftner than twice; but sithence you would know
what Communication passed betwixt us in (^Poules^)
Church, I will declare. We talked of the Incommodities
of the Marriage of the Queene with
the Prince of (^Spayne^) , and grieuous the (^Spanyards^)
would be to vs here. (^Vaughan^) said, that
it should be very dangerous for any Man that
truly professed the Gospel to liue here, such was
the (^Spanyards^) Crueltie, and especially against
<P I,69.C2>
Christian Men. Whereunto I answered, it was
the Plague of God come justly vpon vs; and
now Almighty God dealt with vs, as he did
with the (^Israelites^) , taking from them for their
vnthankefulnes their Godly Kings, and did send
Tirants to raign over them; even so he handled
us (^Englishmen^) , whiche hadde a most godly
and vertuous Prince to raigne ouer vs, my late
Soueraigne Lord and Maister King (^Edwarde^) ,
vnder whome we might both safely and lawfully
professe Gods Word; which with our lewd doyngs,
demeanour, and liuing, we handled so irreuerently,
that to whip vs for our Faultes, he
woulde send vs Straungers, yea such very Tyrants
to exercise great Tyrannie ouer vs, and
did take away the vertuous and faithfull King
from amongst us; for euery Man of euery Estate
did colour his naughty Affections with a pretence
of Religion, and made the Gospell a staulking
Horse to bring their euil desires to effect. This
was the Summe of our talke in (^Poules^) , somewhat
more dilated.
(^Stanford.^) That it may appeare yet more euidently
howe (^Throckmorton^) was a principal Doer and
Counsellor in this matter, you shall heare his owne
Confession of his own hand writing. The Clerke
did begin to reade; (^Throckmorton^) desired M. (^Stanford^)
to read it, and the Jury well to marke it.
Then M. (^Stanford^) did read the Prisoner's own
Confession to this effect, that (^Throckmorton^) had
Conference with (^Wyat, Caroe, Croftes, Rogers^) and
(^Warner^) , as well of the Queenes Mariage with the
Prince of (^Spayne^) , as also of Religion, and did             #
particularly
confer with euery the forenamed of the
matters aforesaid. Moreouer, with Sir (^Thomas
Wyat^) , the Prisoner talked of the bruite, that the
Western Men should much mislike the comming of
the (^Spanyards^) into this Realme, beeing reported also
that they intended to interrupt theyr arriual here.
And also that it was said, that they wer in consultation
about the same at (^Exeter^) . (^Wyat^) also did say,
that Sir (^Peter Caroe^) could not bring the same matter
to good effect, nor was there any Man so
mete to bring it to good effect, as the Erle of
(^Devon^) ; and especially in the West Country, in as
much as they did not draw al by one line. Then
(^Throckmorton^) ask'd how the (^Kentishmen^) were affected
to the (^Spanyards^) ? (^Wyat^) said, the People
like them euill ynough, and that appeared now at
the comming of the Count (^Egmont^) , for they were
ready to sturre against him and his Traine, supposing
it had bin the Prince; but said (^Wyat^) ,
Sir (^Robert Southwel^) , M. (^Baker^) , and M. (^Moyle^) , and
their Affinitie, which bee in good Credite in some
places of the Shire, wil for other malicious Respects
hinder the Libertie of their Country.
Then (^Throckmorton^) shuld say, though I know ther
hath bin an vnkindnesse betwixt M. (^Southwell^) and
you for a Money matter, wherein I trauelled to
make you Friends, I doubt not, but in so honest
a matter as this is, he will for the safegard
of his Country joyne with you, and so you
may be sure of the Lord (^Burgainey^) and his Force.
Then (^Wyat^) said, it is for another matter than
for Money that we disagree, wherein he hath
handled me and others very doubly and vnneighbourly;
howbeit he can do no other, neither to
me, nor to anye other Man, and therefore I forgiue
him. (^Item^) , with Sir (^Peter Caroe, Throckmorton^) 
had Conference touching the Impeachment of
the landing of the said Prince, and touchyng
Prouision of Armour and Munition, as ensueth;
<P I,70.C1>
that is to say, that Sir (^Peter Caroe^) told                   #
(^Throckmorton^) ,
that he trusted his Countrymen would be
true (^Englishmen^) , and would not agree to let the
(^Spanyards^) to gouerne them. (^Item^) , the said Sir
(^Peter Caroe^) sayd, the matter importing the (^French^)
King as it did, he thought the (^French^) King would
work to hinder the (^Spanyards^) coming hither, with
whome the said Sir (^Peter^) dyd thinke good to
practise for Armour, Municions and Money.
Then (^Throckmorton^) did advise him to beware
that he brought any (^Frenchmen^) into the Realme
forceably, in as much as he could as euill
abyde the (^Frenchmen^) after that sort as the (^Spanyards^) .
And also (^Throckmorton^) thought the (^French^)
King vnable to giue aide to vs, by meanes of the
great Consumption in their own Warres. M. (^Caroe^)
said, as touching the bringing in of (^Frenchmen^) ,
he meant it not, for he loued neither Partie, but
to serue his own Countrey, and to help his Countrey
from Bondage; declaring further to (^Throckmorton^) ,
that he had a small Barke of his owne to
worke his practise by; and so he said, that
shortely he intended to depart to his own Countrey
to vnderstand the Deuotion of his Countrymen.
(^Item, Throckmorton^) did say, he would for his
part hinder the comming in of the (^Spaniards^) as
much as he could by Perswasion. (^Item^) , to Sir
(^Edward Warner^) , he had and did bemone his owne
Estate, and the Tyrannie of the tyme extended
upon dyuers honest Persons for Religion, and
wished it were lawfull for all of each Religion
to liue safely according to their Conscience; for
the Law ( (\Ex officio\) ) will be intolerable, and the
Cleargies discipline now may rather be resembled
to the (^Turks^) Tyrannie, than to the teaching
of Christian Religion. This was the Summe of
the matter, whiche was red in the foresaid Confession, 
as matters most grieuous against the Prisoner.
Then (^Throckmorton^) said, sithence M. Sergeante
you haue red and gathered the place as
you think, that maketh most against me, I pray
you take the Paynes, and reade further, that
hereafter whatsoeuer become of me, my Words
be not peruerted and abused to the hurt of som
others, and especially against the great Personages,
of whome I haue bin sundry times (as
appeareth by my Answers) examined; for I perceiue
the Net was not cast only for little Fishes,
but for the great ones, (\juxta adagium\) .
(^Stanford.^) It shall be but losse of tyme, and we
haue other things to charge you withall, and this
that you desire doth make nothing for you.
(^Dyer.^) And for the better Confirmation of al the
Treasons objected against the Prisoner, and therein
to proue him giltie, you of the Jury shall heare
the Duke of (^Suffolkes^) Depositions against him, who
was a Principal, and hath suffered accordingly.
Then the said Sergeant red the Dukes Confession
touching the Prisoner, amounting to this effect;
That the Lord (^Thomas Grey^) did informe the said
Duke, that Sir (^Nicholas Throckmorton^) was privie to
the whole Deuises againste the (^Spanyardes^) , and
was one that shoulde goe into the (^West-Country^)
with the Earle of (^Deuonshire^) .
(^Throckmorton.^) But what doth the principall Author
of thys matter say against me, I mean the
Lord (^Thomas Grey^) , who is yet liuing? Why is not
his Deposition brought against me, for so it ought
to bee, if he can say any thing? Will you know
the Trueth? Neyther the Lord (^Thomas Grey^) hath
sayd, can say, or wil say any thing against me,
notwithstanding the Duke his Brothers Confession
<P I,70.C2>
and Accusation, who hathe affirmed manye other
things besides the Trueth. I speake not without
certaine knowledge: for the Lord (^Thomas Grey^) ,
being my Prison-Fellow for a small time, informed
me, that the Duke his Brother had misreported
him in many things, amongst others in matters
touching me, which he had declared to you Mr.
(^Southwell^) , and other the Examinors not long ago.
I am sure if the Lord (^Thomas^) could or would haue
said any thing, it should haue bin here now: And
as to the Dukes Confession, it is not material, for
he doth referre the matter to the Lord (^Thomas's^)
Report, who hath made my Purgation.
(^Attorney.^) And it please you my Lordes, and
you my Maisters of the Jury, besides these matters
touching (^Wyats^) Rebellion, Sir (^Peter Caroes^)
Treasons, and confederating with the Duke of
(^Suffolke^) ; and besides the Prisoners Conspiracie
with the Earle of (^Deuon^) , with (^Crofts, Rogers, Warner^) ,
and sundry others in sundrye Places, it shall
manifestly appeare vnto you,  that (^Throckmorton^)
did conspire the Queens Majesties Death with
(^William Thomas^) , Sir (^Nicholas Arnold^) , and other
Traitors intending the same; which is the greatest
matter of all others, and most to be abhorred;
and for the Proofe hereof you shall heare what (^Arnold^)
sayth. Then was Sir (^Nicholas Arnold's^) Confession
redde, affirming that (^Throckmorton^) shewed
vnto him, riding betwixt (^Hinam^) and (^Crosse Laund^)
in (^Glocestershire^) , that (^John Fitz-williams^) was verye
much displeased with (^William Thomas^) .
(^Attorney. William Thomas^) devised, that (^John
Fitzwilliams^) should kyll the Quene; and (^Throckmorton^)
knew of it, as appeareth by (^Arnold's^)
Confession.
(^Throckmorton.^) First I denie that I saide anye
suche thing to Mr. (^Arnold^) ; and though he be an
honest Man, he may either forget himself, or deuise
meanes how to vnburthen himselfe of so
weightie a matter as this is; for he is charged
with the mater as principal, which I did perceiue
when he charged mee with his Tale; and
therefore I do blame him the lesse, that he seeketh
how to discharge himself, vsing me as a witnes,
if he could so transferre the Deuice to (^William Thomas^) .
But truely, I neuer spake anye suche wordes
vnto him; and for my better Declaration, I did
see (^John Fitzwilliams^) here euen now, who can testifie,
that he neuer shewed me of any Displeasure
betwixt them: and as I know nothing of
the Displeasure betwixt them, so I know nothing
of the Cause. I pray you, my Lordes, let him
bee called to depose in thys matter what hee can.
Then (^John Fitzwilliams^) drew to the Barre, and presented
himselfe to depose his knowledg in the matter
in open Court.
(^Attorney.^) I pray you, my Lordes, suffer him
not to be sworne, neither to speake; we haue nothing
to do with him.
(^Throckmorton.^) Why shulde hee not bee suffered
to tell Truthe? And why bee yee not so well contented
to heare Troth for mee, as Untroth against
me?
(^Hare.^) Who called you hither (^Fitzwilliams^) , or
commaunded you to speake? you are a verye busie
Officer.
(^Throckmorton.^) I called him, and doe humbly desire,
that he may  speake and be heard as well as
(^Vaughan^) , or else I am not indifferently vsed; specially
seeing Maister Atturny doth so presse this
matter against me.
<P I,71.C1>
(^Southwell.^) Goe youre wayes (^Fitzwilliams^) , the
Courte hath nothing to doe with you; peraduenture 
you woulde not bee so readie in a good Cause.
   Then (^John Fitzwilliams^) departed the Court, and
was not suffered to speake.
(^Throckmorton.^) Since this Gentlemans Declaration
maye not bee admitted,  I trust you of the
Jurie can perceyue, it was not for anye thing hee
had to say against me; but contrariwise, that it
was feared he woulde speake for mee. And nowe
to Maister (^Arnoldes^) Depositions against me, I say
I did not tell him anye such wordes; so as if it
were material, there is but his yea and my nay.
But because the wordes be not sore strayned against
me, I praye you, Maister Atturney, why
might not I haue tolde Maister (^Arnolde^) , that (^John
Fitzwilliams^) was angrie with (^William Thomas^) , and
yet knowe no cause of the Anger? it might be
vnderstande, to disagree oftentimes. Who doth
confesse that I knowe any thing of (^William Thomas^)
Deuise touching the Quenes Death? I will aunswere,
no Man: For Maister (^Arnolde^) doth mention 
no worde of that matter, but of the Displeasures
betwixte them; and to speake that, dothe
neyther proove Treason, nor knowledge of Treason. 
Is here all the Euidence againste me that
you haue to bring mee within the compasse of the
Inditement?
(^Stanford.^) Methinke the Matters confessed by
others against you, together with your owne
Confession, will weye shrewdlye. But howe saye
you to the Rising in (^Kent^) , and to (^Wiats^) Attempte
againste the Queenes Royal Person at hir Palace?
(^Bromley.^) Whye do you not reade (^Wiat's^) Accusation
to him, whiche dothe make him Partener to
his Treasons?
(^Southwell. Wiat^) hath grieuouslye accused you,
and in manye thinges that others haue confirmed.
(^Throckmorton.^) Whatsoeuer (^Wiat^) hath saide of
me in hope of his Life, he vnsayde it at his Death.
For since I came into this Hall, I hearde one saye
(but I knowe him not) that (^Wiat^) , upon the Scaffolde,
didde not onelye purge my Ladie (^Elizabeth^)
hir Grace, and the Earle of (^Deuonshire^) , but
also al the Gentlemen in the (^Tower^) , saying, they
were all ignoraunt of the Sturre and Commotion;
in whiche number I take my selfe.
(^Hare.^) Notwithstanding he saide, all that he had
written and confessed to the Counsayle, was true.
(^Throckmorton.^) Nay, Sir, by your patience, Maister
(^Wiat^) sayde not so, that was Maister Doctors
Addicion.
(^Southwell.^) It appeareth you haue hadde good
Intelligence.
(^Throckmorton.^) Almightie God prouided that Reuelation
for mee this Daye since I came hither:
for I haue bene in close Prison these lviii. Dayes,
where I hearde nothing but what the Birdes
tolde mee, which did flie ouer my heade. And
nowe to you of my Jurie I speake especiallye,
whome I desire to marke attentively, what shall
be sayde: I haue been indited, as it appeareth,
and now am arreigned of compassing the Queenes
Majesties Death, of levying Warre againste the
Queene, of taking the Tower of (^London^) , of deposing
and depriuing the Queene of hir Royall
Estate, and finally to destroy hir, and of adherence
to the Queenes Enimies. Of all whiche
Treasons, to proue mee guiltie, the Queenes
learned Counsayle hath giuen in Euidence these
Pointes materiall: that is to saye, for the compassing
or imagining the Queenes Death, and the
<P I,71.C2>
Destruction of hir Royal Person, Sir (^Nicholas Arnoldes^)
Depositions; whiche is, that I shoulde saye
to the said Sir (^Nicholas^) in (^Glocestershire^) that Maister
(^John Fitzwilliams^) was angrie with (^William
Thomas^) . Whereunto I haue aunswered, as you haue
hearde, bothe denying the matter; and for the
proofe on my side, doe take Exceptions, bicause
there is no Witnesse but one. And neuerthelesse,
though it were graunted, the Depositions proue
nothing concerning the Queenes Death. For leuying
of Warre againste the Queene, there is alledged
my Conference with Sir (^Thomas Wiat^) , Sir 
(^James Crofts^) , Sir (^Edwarde Rogers^) , Sir (^Edwarde
Warner^) , againste the Marriage with (^Spaine^) , and
the comming of the (^Spaniardes^) hither; which talke
I doe not denie in sorte as I spake it, and ment
it; and notwithstanding the maliciovs gathering
this Day of my Conference, proueth yet no levying
of Warre. There is also alledged for proofe
of the same Article, Sir (^James Croft's^) Confession, 
which as you remember, implieth no such thing,
but generall talk againste the Mariage with (^Spaine^) ,
and of my departing Westwarde with the Earl
of (^Devon^) , which the sayde (^James^) doth not auowe,
and therefore I praye you consider it as not
spoken. There is also for proofe of the sayde Article,
the Duke of (^Suffolkes^) Confession, with whom
I neuer had Conference; and therefore he advouched
the tale of his Brother's Mouth, who
hath made my Purgation in those Matters, and
yet if the matter were proued, they be not
greatly materiall in Lawe. There is also alledged
for the further proofe of the same Article,
and for deposing and depriuing the Queene
of hir Royall Estate, and for my adhering to the
Queenes Enimies, (^Cuthert Vaughan's^) Confession,
whose Testimonie I have sufficiently disproued
by sundrie Authorities and Circumstances, and
principally by your owne Lawe, which dothe
require two lawfull and sufficient Witnesses to be
brouyght face to face. Also for the taking of the
Tower of (^London^) , there is alledged (^Winter's^)            #
Depositions,
which vttereth my misliking, when he
vttered vnto mee Sir (^Thomas Wiat's^) Resolution and
Deuise for attempting of the sayde peece. And
last of all, to enforce these matters, mine owne
Confession is engrieued greatly against me, wherein
there doth appeare neyther Treason, neyther
concelement of Treason, neyther whispering of
Treason, nor procurement of Treason. And for
as much as I am come hither to be tried by the
Lawe, though my Innocencie of all these Pointes
materiall objected, be  apparant to acquite mee,
whervnto I doe principallye cleaue; yet I will
for your better Credit and Satisfactions shewe
you euidentlye, that if you woulde beleeue all the
Depositions layde against me, which I trust you
will not doe, I ought not to be attainted of the
Treason comprised within my Inditement, considering
the Statute of Repeale the last Parliament,
of all Treasons, other than suche as be
declared in the xxv. Yeare of King (^Edwarde^) the
Third; both which Statutes I pray you my Lords
may be redde here to the Enquest.
(^Bromley.^) No, for there shall be no Bookes
brought at your desire; we know the Law sufficiently
withoute Booke.
(^Throckmorton.^) Do you bring me hither to trie
mee by the Lawe, and will not shewe me the
Lawe? What is your Knowledge of the Lawe to
these Mens Satisfactions, which haue my Triall
in hande? I pray you, my Lordes, and my Lordes
<P I,72.C1>
all, let the Statutes bee redde, as well for the 
Queene, as for mee.
(^Stanford.^) My Lord Chief Justice can shew the
Lawe, and will, if the Jurie doe doubt of any
Poynt.
(^Throckmorton.^) You knowe it were indifferent
that I should knowe and heare the Law whereby
I am adjudged; and forasmuch as the Statute is in
(^Englishe^) , Men of meaner Learning than the Justices,
can vnderstande it, or else how shoulde
we know when we offend?
(^Hare.^) You knowe not what belongeth to youre
case, and therefore we must teach you: it appertaineth
not to vs to prouide Bookes for you, neyther
sit wee here to be taught of you; you should
haue taken better hede to the Law before you
had come hither.
(^Throckmorton.^) Bicause I am ignoraunt, I woulde
learne, and therefore I haue more neede to see
the Law, and partlye as well for the Instructions
of the Jurie, as for my owne Satisfaction, which
mee thinke, were for the Honor of this Presence.
And now if it please you my Lorde Chiefe Justice,
I do direct my Speach specially to you. What
time it pleased the Queenes Majestie, to call you
to this Honourable Office, I did learne of a great
Personage of hir Highnesse Priuie Counsayle, that
amongst other good Instructions, hir Majestie
charged and enjoyned you to minister the Law
and Justice indifferently without respect of Persons.
And notwithstanding the old Error amongst
you, whiche did not admit any Witnesse
to speake, or any other matter to be hearde in
the favor of the Aduersarie, hir Majestie being
partie, hir Highnes pleasure was, that whatsoeuer
could be brought in the fauor of the Subject,
shoulde be admitted to be hearde. And moreouer,
that you specially, and likewise all other Justices,
shoulde not persuade themselues to sit in
Judgment otherwise for hir Highnesse, than for
hir Subject. Therefore this maner of indifferent
proceeding being principally enjoined by Gods
Commandement, which I had thought partly to
haue remembred you and others here in Commission
in the beginning, if I might haue had
leaue; and the same also being commanded you
by the Queenes owne Mouth, me think you ought
of right to suffer me to haue the Statutes red openly, 
and also to reject nothing that coulde be
spoken in my Defence: and in thus doing you
shal shew your selves worthy Ministers, and fit
for so worthie a Mistresse.
(^Bromley,^) You mistake the matter, the Queene
spake those Wordes to maister (^Morgan^) Chiefe
Justice of the Common Place; but you haue no
cause to complaine, for you haue been suffered to
talke at your pleasure.
(^Hare.^) What woulde you doe with the Statute-Booke?
the Jury doth not require it, they haue
hearde the Euidence, and they must vppon their
Conscience trie whether you bee guiltie or no,
so as the Booke needeth not: if they will not
credite the Euidence so apparent, then they know
what they haue to doe.
(^Cholmley.^) You ought not to haue any Bookes
red here at your Appointment, for where doth
aryse any doubte in the Law, the Judges sitte
here to informe the Court; and now you doe
but spende time.
(^Attourney.^) I pray you my Lorde Chiefe Justice
repeate the Euidence for the Queene, and giue
<P I,72.C2>
the Jurie their Charge, for the Prisoner will keepe
you here all day.
(^Bromley.^) How saye you, haue you any more to
saye for your selfe?
(^Throckmorton.^) You seeme to giue and offer mee
the Lawe, but in very dede I haue only the
Forme and Image of the Lawe; neuerthelesse,
since I cannot be suffred to haue the Statutes
red openly in the Booke, I will by your Pacience
gesse at them, as I may, and I pray you to help
me if I mistake, for it is long since I did see
them. The Statute of Repeale made the last Parliament
hath these Wordes, Be it enacted by the
Queene, that from henceforth none Acte, Deede,
or Offence, being by Acte of Parliament or Statute
made Treason, Petit Treason, or Misprision
of Treason, by Words, Writing, Printing, Ciphering, 
Deedes, or otherwise whatsoeuer, shall
be taken, had, deemed, or adjudged Treason,
Petit Treason, but only such as be declared, or
expressed to be Treason, in or by an Acte of
Parliament made in the xxv. Yeare of (^Edward^) III.
touching and concerning Treasons, and the Declaration
of Treasons, and none other. Here
may you see this Statute doth referre all the
Offences aforesayde, to the Statute of the xxv.
of (^Edward^) III. which Statute hath these Wordes
touching and concerning the Treasons that I am
indited and arraigned of; that is to saye, Whosoeuer
doth compasse or imagine the Death of the
King, or leuie War against the King in his Realm,
or being adherent to the Kings Enimies within
this Realme, or elsewhere, or be thereof probably
attained by open Deede by People of
their Condition, shall be adjudged a Traytor.
Now I praye you of my Jurie which haue my
Lyfe in Triall, note well what things at this daye
bee Treasons, and howe these Treasons must be
tried and decerned, that is to saye, by open
Deede, which the Lawes doth at some time
terme (^ouert acte^) . And now I aske, notwithstanding
my Inditement, which is but matter alledged,
where doth appeare the open Deede of any
compassing or imagining the Queenes Death; or
where doth appeare any open Deede of being adherent
to the Queenes Enimies, giuing to them
ayde and comfort; or where doth appeare any
open Deede of taking the Tower of (^Loudon^) ?
(^Bromley.^) Why doe not you of the Queenes
learned Counsell aunswere him? Me thinke,
(^Throckmorton^) , you neede not to haue the Statutes,
for you haue them meetely perfectly.
(^Stanford.^) You are deceyued, to conclude all
Treasons in the Statute of the xxv. Year of (^Edwarde^)
the Thirde; for that Statute is but a Declaration
of certaine Treasons, whiche were
Treasons before at the Common Lawe. Euen
so there doth remayne diuers other Treasons at
this day at the Common Lawe, which be not expressed
by that Statute, as the Judges can declare.
Neuerthelesse, there is matter sufficient
alledged and proued against you to bringe you
within the compasse of the same Statute.
(^Throckmorton.^) I praye you expresse those Matters
that bring me within the compasse of the
Statute of (^Edwarde^) the Third; for the Wordes be
these, And be thereof attainted by open Deede
by People of like Condicion.
(^Bromley. Throckmorton^) , you deceyue your selfe,
and mistake these Wordes, by People of their
Condicion; for thereby the Lawe doth vnderstande
<P I,73.C1>
the discouering of your Treasons. As for
example, (^Wiat^) and the other Rebelles, attainted
for their great Treasons, already declare you to
be his and their adherent, in as much as diuerse
and sundrie times you had Conference with him
and them aboute the Treason; so as (^Wiat^) is now
one of your Condicion, who as all the Worlde
knoweth, hath committed an open trayterous
Fact.
(^Throckmorton.^) By your leaue, my Lorde, this is
a very straunge and singular Understanding. For
I suppose the meaning of the Lawe-makers did
vnderstande these Wordes, By People of their
Condicion, of the State and Condicion of those
Persons whiche shoulde bee on the Inquest to
trie the Partie arreygned, guiltie or not guiltie,
and nothing to be bewraying of the Offence by
another Man's act, as you say: for what haue I
to doe with (^Wiat's^) actes, that was not nigh him
by one hundred Myles?
(^Attorney.^) Will you take vppon you to skill better
of the Lawe than the Judges? I doubt not
but you of the Jurie will credit as it becommeth
you.
(^Cholmley.^) Concerning the true vnderstanding of
these Words, By People of their Condicion, my
Lord Chiefe Justice here hath declared the Truth; 
for (^Wiat^) was one of your Condicion, that is to
say, of your Conspiracie.
(^Hare.^) You doe not denie, (^Throckmorton^) , but
that there hath bene Conference, and sending
betweene (^Wiat^) and you, and he and (^Winter^) doth
confesse the same, with others; so as it is playne,
(^Wiat^) may well be called one of your Condicion.
(^Throckmorton.^) Well, seeing you my Judges rule
the vnderstanding of these Wordes in the Statute,
By People of your Condicion, thus straungelye
against mee, I will not stande longer vppon
them. But where dothe appeare in mee an open
Deede, wherevnto the Treason is speciallye
referred?
(^Bromley.^) If thre or or foure do talke, deuise, and
conspire togither of a trayterous Acte to be done,
and afterwards one of them doth commit Treason,
as (^Wiat^) did; then the Lawe doth repute
them, and euerye of them as their Actes; so as
(^Wiat's^) Actes do implie and argue your open Deede,
and so the Lawe doth terme it and take it.
(^Throckmorton.^) These be marueylous Expositions,
and wonderfull Implications, that another Man's
acte, whereof I was not privy, should be accounted
myne; for (^Wiat^) did purge me that I knew
nothing of his stirre.
(^Hare.^) Yea, Sir, but you were a principal Procurer
and Contriuer of (^Wiat's^) Rebellion, though
you were not with him when he made the stirre.
And as my Lord here hath sayd, the Law always
doth adjudge him a Traytor, who was priuie and
doth procure Treason, or any other Man to committe
Treason, or a trayterous acte, as you did
(^Wiat^) , and others; for so the Ouert Acte of those
whiche did it by your Procurement, shall in this
case be accounted your open Deede. We have a
common case in the Lawe, if one by Procurement
shoulde disseyse you of your Lande, the Lawe
holdeth vs both wrong doers, and giueth remedie
as well against the one as the other.
(^Throckmorton.^) For God's sake applie not such
Constructions against me; and though my present
Estate doth not moue you, yet it were well you
shoulde consider your Office, and think what
measure you giue to others, you your selues I
say shall assuredly receyue the same agayne.
<P I,73.C2>
The state of mortall Life is such, that Men
know full little what hangeth ouer them. I put
on within this xii. Moneths such a Mind, that I
moste wofull Wight, was unlike to stande here,
as some of you that sit there. As to your case
last recited, whereby you woulde conclude, I
haue remembred and learned of you Master (^Hare^) ,
and you Master (^Stanforde^) in the Parliament House,
where you did sit to make Lawes, to expounde
and explaine the Ambiguities and Doubtes of
Lawe sincerely, and that without Affections:
There, I say, I learned of you, and others my
Maisters of the Lawe, this difference betwixt
such Cases as you remembred one euen nowe,
and the Statute whereby I am to be tried. There
is a Maxime or Principle in the Lawe, which
ought not to be violated, That no penal Statute
may, ought, or shoulde be construed, expounded,
extended, or wrested, otherwise than the simple
Wordes and nude Letter of the same Statute
doth warrant and signifie. And amongst diuers
good and notable Reasons by you there in the  
Parliament House debated, Maister Sergeant
(^Stanforde^) , I noted this one, why the said Maxime
ought to be inuiolable: you said, considering
the priuate Affections many tymes both of Princes
and Ministers within this Realme, for that they
were Men, and woulde and coulde erre, it
shoulde be no Securitie, but very daungerous to
the Subject, to referre the Construction, and extending
of Penall Statutes to anye Judges Equitie, 
as you termed it, which might eyther by
feare of the higher Powers be seduced, or by Ignoraunce
and Follye abused. And that is an aunswere
by procurement.
(^Bromley.^) Notwithstanding the principle, as you
alledge it, and the precisenesse of your sticking
to the bare wordes of the Statute, it doth appeare
and remaine of recorde in our Learning,
that diuerse Cases haue bene adjudged Treason, 
without the express wordes of the Statute, as the
Quenes learned Counsell there can declare.
(^Attourney.^) It doth appeare, the Prisoner did not
only intise or procure (^Wiat, Caroe, Rogers^) , and
others, to commite their trayterous Actes, and
there doth his open factes appear, whiche
(^Vaughan's^) Confession doth witnesse; but also he
did mynde shortlye after to associate himselfe
with those Traytours; for hee minded to haue
departed with the Earle of (^Deuonshire^) 
Westwardes.
(^Throckmorton.^) My Innocencie concerning these
matters, I trust, sufficiently appeareth by my
former Aunswers, notwithstanding the condempned
Man's unjust Accusation. But because
the true understanding of the Statute is in question;
I saye, procurement, and specially by words
onely, is without the compasse of it: and that I
doe learne and proue by the principle which I
learned of Maister (^Stanforde^) .
(^Stanforde.^) Maister (^Throckmorton^) , you and I maye
not agree this Day in the understanding of the
Lawe, for I am for the Queene, and you speake
for your selfe: the Judges must determine the
matter.
(^Bromley.^) He that doth procure another Man
to commit a Felonie or a Murther, I am sure
you know well ynough, the Law doth adjudge the
Procurer there, a Felon or a Murtherer; and in
case of Treason, it hath bene alwayes so taken
and reputed.
(^Throckmorton.^) I doe and must cleaue to my Innocencie,
for I procured no Man to committe
<P I,74.C1>
Treason; but yet for my Learning I desire to heare
some case so ruled, when the Lawe was as it is
nowe. I do confesse it, that at suche time there
were Statutes prouided for the procurer, counsaylour,
ayder, abetter, and suche like, as there
were in King (^Henrie^) the VIIIth's tyme, you
might lawfullye make this cruell Construction, and
bring the procurer within the compasse of the
Lawe. But these Statutes being repealed, you
ought not nowe so to doe; and as to the principal
procurer in Fellonie and Murther, it is not lyke
as in Treason, for the Principal and Accessaries
in Felonie and Murther be triable and punishable
by the common Law; and so in those cases
the Judges may use their Equitie, extending the
determinacion of the fault as they thinke good:
but in Treason it is otherwise, the same being
limited by Statute Law, which I say and aduow
is restreyned from any Judges Construction by the
Maxime that I recited.
(^Stanforde.^) Your Lordships do know a case in
R. 3. time, where the Procurer to counterfeyt false
Money, was judged a Traytor, and the Law was
as it is now.
(^Hare.^) Maister Sergeaunt doth remember you
(^Throckmorton^) , of an Experience before our time,
that the Lawe hath bene so taken, and yet the
procurer was not expressed in the Statute, but the
Lawe hath ben always so taken.
(^Throckmorton.^) I neuer studied the Law, wherof
I do much repent mee; yet I remember, whylest
Penall Statutes were talked of in the Parliament-House,
you the learned Men of the House remembred
some Cases contrarie to this last spoken
of. And if I misreport them, I pray you helpe
me. In the like case you speake of concerning the
Procurer to counterfeyte false Money; at one
time the Procurer was judged a Fellon, and at another
time neither Fellon nor Traytor; so as some
of your Predecessours adjudged the Procurer no
Traytour in the same case, but leaned to their
principle, though some other extende their Constructions
too large. And here is two cases with
me, for one against me.
(^Bromley.^) Bicause you replie so sore upon the
principle, I will remember, where one taking
the Great Seale of (^Englande^) from one Writing,
and putting it to another, was adjudged a Traytour
in (^Henry^) the IVth's tyme, and yet his act was
not within the expresse words of the Statute of
(^Edwarde^) the Third. There be diuerse other such
like cases that maye be alledged and need were.
(^Throckmorton.^) I pray you my Lord Chiefe Justice,
call to your good Remembraunce, that in the selfe
same case of the Seale, Justice (^Spilman^) , a graue
and well learned Man, since that time, woulde not
condemn the Offender, but did reproue that former
Judgment by you last remembred, as erronious.
(^Stanforde.^) If I had thought you had bene so
well furnished with Booke Cases, I woulde haue
bene better prouided for you.
(^Throckmorton.^) I haue nothing but I lerned of you
specially M. Sergeant, and of others my Masters
of the Law in the Parliament House; and therefore
I may say with the Prophet, (\Salutem ex inimicis
nostris\) .
(^Southwell.^) You have a very good Memorie.
(^Attorney.^) If the Prisoner may auoyde his Treasons
after this maner, the Queenes Suretie shall bee
in great jeoperdy. For (^Jack Cade^) , the Blacksmith,
and diuerse other Traytors, sometime alledging
the Law for them, sometime they ment no harm
<P I,74.C2>
to the King, but against his Counsell; as (^Wiat^) ,
the Duke of (^Suffolke^) , and these did against the
(^Spanyardes^) , when there was no (^Spanyardes^) within
the Realme. The Duke and his Brethren did
mistake the Lawe, as you doe, yet at length did
confesse their Ignorance, and submitted themselves.
And so were you best to doe.
(^Throckmorton.^) As to (^Cade^) and the Blacksmith, I
am not so well acquainted with their Treasons as
you bee; but I haue red in the Chronicle, they
were in the Fielde with a force against the Prince,
whereby a manifest acte did appeare. As to the 
Duke of (^Suffolke's^) doings, they appertaine not to
mee. And tho you woulde compare my speache
and talke against the (^Spanyardes^) , to the Duke's
actes, who assembled a force in Armes, it is euident
they differ much: I am sorie to engreue any
other Mans doings; but it serueth me for a piece
of my Defence, and therefore I wish that no Man
should gather euil of it, God forbid that words
and acts be thus confounded.
(^Attorney.^) Sir (^William Stanley^) used this shifte that
the Prisoner useth now, he sayde he did not leuie
War against King (^Henry^) the VII. but sayde to the
Duke of (^Buckingham^) , that in a good Quarrell he
wold aid him with 500 Men; and neverthelesse
(^Stanley^) was for those Words attainted, who, as all
the Worlde knoweth, had before that time serued
the King very faithfully and truly.
(^Throckmorton.^) I pray you Maister Attorney do
not conclude me by blinde contraries. Whether
you alledge (^Stanleyes^) case trulye or no, I knowe
not. But admitte it be as you saye, what dothe
this proue against me? I promised no ayde to
Maister (^Wiat^) , nor to anye other. The Duke of
(^Buckingham^) leuied Warre against the King, with
whom (^Stanley^) was confederate so to doe, as you
saye.
(^Attorney.^) I pray you, my Lords, that be the
Queenes Commissioners, suffer not the Prisoner to
vse the Queenes learned Counsell thus; I was neuer
interrupted thus in my Life, nor I neuer
knewe any thus suffered to talke, as this Prisoner
is suffered: some of us will come no more at the
Barre, and we be thus handled.
(^Bromley. Throckmorton^) , you must suffer the 
Queenes learned Counsell to speake, or else we
must take order with you; you haue had leaue to
talke at your pleasure.
(^Hare.^) It is proued that you did talke with
(^Wiat^) against the comming of the (^Spanyardes^) , and
deuised to interrupt their arrivall, and you promised
to doe what you coulde againste them;
wherevpon (^Wiat^) being encouraged by you, did
levie a force, and attempted Warre against the
Queenes Royal Person.
(^Throckmorton.^) It was no Treason, nor no procurement
of Treason, to talke agaynste the comming
hither of the (^Spanyardes^) , neyther it was
Treason for me to saye, I woulde hynder their
commyng hither as muche as I coulde, vnderstanding
me rightly as I meant it; yea though you
would extend it to the worste, it was but Words,
it was not Treason at this day as the Law
standeth: and as for (^Wiat's^) doings, they touche me
nothing, for at his Death, when it was no tyme to
report untruly, he purged me.
(^Bromley.^) By sundry Cases remembred here by
the Queenes learned Counsell, as you have hearde,
that procurement which did appear no otherwyse
but by Words, and those you would make nothing,
hath bin of long tyme, and by sundry
<P I,75.C1>
well learned Men in the Lawes adjudged Treason.
And therefore your procurement being so
euident as it is, we may lawfully say it was
Treason, bycause (^Wiat^) perfourmed a trayterous
acte.
(^Throckmorton.^) As to the said alledged fore Precedents
against me, I haue recited as many for
me, and I would you my Lord Chief Justice shuld
incline your Judgements rather after the example
of your honourable Predecessors, Justice (^Markham^) ,
and others, which did eschewe corrupte Judgements,
judging directly and sincerely after the
Law, and the Principles in the same, than after
such Men, as swaruing from the Truth, the Maxime,
and the Law, did judge corruptely, maliciously,
and affectionately.
(^Bromley.^) Justice (^Markham^) had reason to warrant
his doings; for it did appeare, a Merchant of
(^London^) was arraigned and slanderously accused of
Treason for compassing and imagining the King's
Death, he did say he would make his Sonne Heire
of the Crown, and the Merchant meant it of a
House in (^Cheapside^) at the Signe of the (^Crowne^) ; but
your case is not so.
(^Throckmorton.^) My Case doth differ, I graunt,
but specially bicause I haue not suche a Judge:
yet there is another cause to restraine these your
strange and extraordinarie Constructions; that is
to say, a Prouiso in the latter ende of the Statute
of (^Edwarde^) the Thirde, hauyng these Wordes:
Provided always, if any other Case of supposed
Treason shall chaunce hereafter to come in Question
or Trial before any Justice, other than is in
the said Statute expressed, that then the Justice
shall forbear to adjudge the sayd case, untill it be
shewed to the Parliament to trie, whether it should
be Treason or Felonie. Here you are restrained
by expresse Words to adjudge any case that is not
manifestly mentioned before, and untill it be shewed
to the Parliament.
(^Portman.^) That Prouiso I understand of cases, that
may come in trial, which hath bin in vre, but the
Law hath always taken the Procurer to be a principal
Offender.
(^Sanders.^) The Law alwayes in cases of Treason
dothe accompte all Principalles, and no Accessaries
as in other Offences; and therefore a Man
offending in Treason, either by couert acte or procurement,
whereupon an open Deede hath ensued,
as in this case, is adjudged by the Lawe a principal
Traytoure.
(^Throckmorton.^) You adjudge (mee thinke) Procurement
very hardly, besydes the Principall,
and besides the good Example of your best and
most godly learned Predecessors, the Judges of the
Realme, as I haue partly declared; and notwithstanding 
thys grieuous racking and extending of
this worde Procurement, I am not in the daunger
of it, for it doth appear by no Deposition, that I
procured neyther one or other to attempt any acte.
(^Stanforde.^) The Jurie haue to trye, whether it bee
so or no, let it weygh as it will.
(^Hare.^) I knowe no Meane so apparent to try
Procurement as by Words, and that Meane is
probable ynoughe agaynst you, as well by youre
owne Confession, as by other Mennes Depositions.
(^Throckmorton.^) To talke of the Queenes Maryage
with the Prince of (^Spayne^) , and also the commyng
hyther of the (^Spanyardes^) is not to procure Treason
to be done; for then the whole Parliament-house, 
I meane the common House, didde procure
Treason: but since you wyll make no Difference
<P I,75.C2>
betwixte Wordes and Actes, I praye you remember
an Estatute made in my late Soueraigne Lorde
and Maisters tyme, Kyng (^Edward^) the Sixth,
whiche apparently expresseth the Difference;
these bee the woordes: Who so euer dothe compasse, 
or imagine to depose the Kyng of his Royall
Estate by open Preaching, expresse Wordes or
Sayings, shall for the fyrst Offence lose and forfayte
to the King all his and their Goodes and
Cattailes, and also shal suffer Imprisonmente of
their Bodyes at the King's Will and Pleasure.
Whosoeuer, &c. for the second Offence shall lose
and forfayte to the Kyng the whole Issues and
Profytes of all his or their Landes, Tenementes, 
and other Hereditaments, Benefices, Prebendes,
and other spiritual Promotions. Whosoeuer, &c.
for the thirde Offence, shall for Term of Lyfe or 
Lyues of suche Offendour or Offendors, &c. and
shall also forfeite to the Kynges Majestie all his
or their Goodes and Cattailes, and suffer during
his or their Liues perpetuall Imprisonement of his
or their Bodies. But whosoeuer, &c. by Writing,
Ciphering, or Acte, shall for the firste Offence be
adjudged a Traitour, and suffer the Paines of
Deathe. Here you may perceiue howe the
whole Realme and all your Judgementes hathe
beefore this vnderstande Wordes and Actes, diuerslye
and apparantlye; and therefore the Judgementes
of the Parliamente did assigne Diuersitie
of Punishmentes, because they woulde not confounde
the true Vnderstanding of Wordes and
Deedes, appointing for compassing and imagining
by Worde, Imprisonment; and for compassing
and imagining by open Deede, Paines of
Death.
(^Bromley.^) It is agreed by the whole Bench, that
the Procurer and the Adherent be deemed alwayes
Traytors, when as a trayterous Acte was committed
by anye one of the same Conspiracie;
and there is apparent Proofe of youre adhering to
(^Wiat^) , both by your owne Confession and other
wayes.
(^Throckmorton.^) Adhering and procuring bee not
all one; for the Statute of (^Edwarde^) the Thirde
doth speake of adhering, but not of procuring,
and yet adhering ought not be further extended,
than to the Quenes Enimies within her Realme,
for so the Statute doth limit the Vnderstanding.
And (^Wiat^) was not the Queenes Enimie, for hee
was not so reputed, when I talked with him last;
and our Speach implyed no Enmitie, neyther
tended to anye Treason, or procuring of Treason:
and therefore I praye you of the Jurie note,
thoughe I argue the Lawe, I alledge my Innocencie,
as the best part of my Defence.
(^Hare.^) Your adhering to the Queenes Enimies
within the Realme is euidently proued: for
(^Wiat^) was the Queenes Enimie wythin the Realme,
as the whole Realme knoweth it, and he hath
confessed it, both at his Arrainement and at his
Death.
(^Throckmorton.^) By your leaue, neither (^Wiat^) at
at his Arreignment, nor at his Death, did confesse,
that he was the Queenes Enimie, when I talked last
with him, neyther he was reputed nor taken in
xiiij. dayes after, vntill he assembled a Force in
Armes, what time I was at your House, Master
(^Inglefielde^) , where I learned the first Intelligence of
(^Wiats^) Stirre. And I aske you, who doth depose
that there passed anye maner of Aduertisement
betwixt (^Wiat^) and mee, after he had discouered
his Doings, and shewed himselfe an Enemie? If
<P I,76.C1>
I had bene so disposed, who did let mee, that I
did not repaire to (^Wiat^) , or to sende to him, or
to the Duke of (^Suffolke^) eyther, who was in myne
owne Countrey? and thither I might haue gone
and conueyed my selfe with him, vnsuspected for
my departing homewards.
(^Inglefielde.^) It is true that you were there at my
House, accompanied with others your Brethren,
and, to my knowledg, ignorant of these
Matters.
(^Bromley. Throckmorton^) , you confessed you talked
with (^Wiat^) and others against the comming of the
(^Spanyardes^) , and of the taking of the (^Tower^) of          #
(^London^) ;
wherevpon (^Wiat^) levied a Force of Men against
the (^Spanyardes^) he sayde, and so you saye
all, but in Deede it was against the Queene,
which he confessed at length: therefore (^Wiats^)
Actes doe proue you Counsayler and Procurer,
howsoeuer you woulde auoyde the matter.
(^Throckmorton.^) Me think you would conclude me
with a mishapen Argument in Logicke, and you
will giue mee leaue, I will make another.
(^Stanforde.^) The Judges sit not here to make Disputations,
but to declare the Law, which hath
bene sufficiently done, if you woulde consider it.
(^Hare.^) You haue hearde Reason and the Lawe,
if you will conceyue it.
(^Throckmorton.^) Oh mercifull God! Oh eternall
Father, which seest all things, what maner of
Proceedings are these? To what purpose serueth
the Statute of Repeale the last Parliament, where
I hearde some of you here present, and diuerse other
of the Queenes learned Counsayle, grieuouslye
inuey against the cruell and bloudie Lawes
of King (^Henrie^) the Eyght, and against some
Lawes made in my late Sovereigne Lorde and
Maisters time, King (^Edwarde^) the sixth? some
termed them (^Draco's Lawes^) , whiche were written
in Bloude: Some sayde they were more intolerable
than any Lawes, that (^Dionysius^) or any other
Tyraunt made. In conclusion, as many Men, so
manye bitter Termes and Names those Lawes
had. And moreouer, the Preface of the same Estatute
doth recite, that for Wordes onely, many
great Personages, and others of good Behauiour,
hath bene most cruelly cast awaye by these foremer
sanguinolent thirstie Lawes, with many other
Suggestions for the Repeale of the same.
And now let vs put on indifferent Eyes, and 
throughly consider with our selues, as you the
Judges handle the Constructions of the Statute of
(^Edwarde^) the Thirde, with your Equitie and Extensions,
whether we be not in much wors Case
now than we were when those cruel Lawes yoked
vs. These Lawes albeit they were grieuous and
captious, yet they had the verie Propertie of a
Lawe after S. (^Paules^) Description: For those
Lawes did admonish vs, and discover our Sinnes
plainly vnto vs; and when a Man is warned, hee
is halfe armed. These Lawes, as they bee handled,
be very Baytes to catche vs, and onely
prepared for the same, and no Lawes; for at the
first sight they ascertaine vs we be deliuered from
our olde Bondage, and by the late Repeale the
last Parliament we liue in more Securitie. But
when it pleaseth the higher Powers to call any
Mannes Lyfe and Sayings in question, then there
be Constructions, Interpretations, and Extensions
reserued to the Justices and Judges Equitie, that
the Partie triable, as I am nowe, shall finde himselfe
in much worse case, than before when those
cruell Lawes stoode in force. Thus our Amendement
<P I,76.C2>
is from God's Blessing into the warme
Sunne; but I require you honest Men, whiche are
to trie my Life, consider these Opinions of my
Life: Judges be rather agreeable to the Time, than
to the Truth; for their Judgments be repugnant
to their owne Principle, repugnant to their godly
and best learned Predecessors Opinions, repugnant,
I say, to the Prouiso in the Statute of Repeale
made in the last Parliament.
(^Attorney.^) Maister (^Throckmorton^) , quiet your selfe,
and it shall be the better for you.
(^Throckmorton.^) Maister (^Attorney^) , I am not so vnquiet
as you be, and yet our Cases are not alike;
but bicause I am so tedious to you, and haue long
troubled this Presence, it may please my Lorde
Chief Justice to repeate the Euidence, wherewith
I am charged, and my Aunswers to all the Objections,
if there be no other matter to laye against 
me.
   Then the Chief Justice (^Bromley^) remembred
particularly all the Depositions and Euidences giuen
against the Prisoner, and eyther for wante of
good Memorie, or good Will, the Prisoners Aunsweres
were in part not recited: wherevppon the
Prisoner craued Indifferencie, and did helpe the
Judges olde Memorie with his owne Recital.
(^Sendall.^) My Maisters of the Jurie, you haue to
inquire, whether Sir (^Nicholas Throckmorton^) Knight,
here Prisoner at the Barre be guiltie of these
Treasons, or any of them, whereof he hath bene
indited and this daye arreigned, yea or no: And
if you finde him guiltie, you shall enquire what
Landes, Tenementes, Goodes, and Cattelles he
had at the day of his Treasons committed, or at
anye time since; and whether he fledde for the
Treasons or no, if you finde him not guiltie.
(^Throckmorton.^) Haue you sayde what is to be 
sayd?
(^Sendall.^) Yea, for this time.
(^Throckmorton.^) Then I pray you giue me leaue to
speake a fewe Words to the Jurie: The Weyght
and Grauitie of my Cause hath greatly occasioned
me to trouble you here long, and therfore I minde
not to intertain you here long with any prolixe
Oration: You perceyue notwithstanding this daye
great Contention betwixt the Judges and the
Queenes learned Counsayle on the one partie, and
mee the poore and wofull Prisoner on the other
partie. The Triall of our whole Controuersie,
the Triall of my Innocencie, the Triall of my
Lyfe, Landes, and Goodes, and the Destruction
of my Posteritie for euer, doth rest in your good
Judgements. And albeit many this daye haue
greatly inveyghed against me, the finall Determination
thereof is transferred onely to you: howe
grieuous and horrible the shedding of Innocents
Bloude is in the sight of Almightie God, I trust
you doe remember. Therefore take heede, I saye,
for Christes sake, do not defile your Consciences
with such heynous and notable Crimes; they bee
grieuouslye and terriblye punished, as in this
Worlde and Vale of Miserie vpon the Childrens
Children to the thirde and fourth Generation, and
in the worlde to come with euerlasting Fire and
Damnation. Lift up your Minds to God, and
care not too muche for the Worlde; looke not backe
to the Fleshpots of (^Egypte^) , whiche will allure you
from heauenly Respectes to worldlye Securitie, and
can thereof neyther make you anye Suretie. Beleeue,
I pray you, the Queene and hir Magistrates
be more delighted with favourable Equitie, than
with rashe Crueltie; and in that you be al Citizens,
<P I,77.C1>
I will take my leaue of you with S. (^Paules^)
farewell to the (^Ephesians^) , Citizens also you be,
whome he tooke to recorde that he was pure from
shedding any Bloude; a special Token, a Doctrine
left for your Instruction, that euerye of you may
washe his Handes of Innocents Bloudeshedde, when
you shall take your leaue of this wretched Worlde;
the Holy Ghost be amongst you.
(^Sendall.^) Come hither, Sergeaunt, take the Jurye
with you, and suffer no Man to come at them, but
to be order'd as the Lawe appointeth, vntill they
be agreed vpon their Verdit.
(^Throckmorton.^) It may please you my Lordes and
Maisters which be Commissioners, to give order,
that no Person haue Access or Conference with the
Jurie, neither that any of the Queenes learned
Counsayle be suffered to repayre to them, or to
talke with any of them, vntil they present themselues
here in open Court, to publish their Verdit.
   Upon the Prisoners Suite on this behalfe, the
Benche gaue Order, that two Sergeauntes were
sworne to suffer no Man to repaire to the Jurie,
vntill they were agreed.
   Then the Prisoner was by Commandement of
the Benche withdrawne from the Barre, and the
Court adjourned vntill three of the Clocke at Afternoone;
at whiche houre the Commissioners returned
to the (^Guildehall^) , and there did tarrie vntill
the Jurie were agreed vpon the Verdit. And aboute
five of the Clocke, their Agreement being
aduertised to the Commissioners, the sayde Prisoner,
Sir (^Nicholas Throckmorton^) , was again brought
to the Barre, where also the Jurie did repaire;
and being demaunded whether they were agreed
vpon their Verdit, aunswered vniuersally with one
Voyce, Yea. Then it was asked, who shoulde
speake for them; they aunswered, (^Whetston^) the 
Foreman.
(^Sendall. Nicholas Throckmorton^) Knight, holde vp
thy Hande.
   Then the Prisoner did so uppon the Summons.
(^Sendall.^) You that bee of the Jurie, looke vppon
the Prisoner.
   The Jurie did as they were enjoyned.
(^Sendall.^) Howe saye you, is Maister (^Throckmorton^)
Knight, there Prisoner at the Barre, guiltie of the
Treasons whereof he hathe bin indicted and arraigned
in manner and forme, yea or no?
(^Whetston.^) No.
(^Sendall.^) How say you, did he flie upon them?
(^Whetston.^) No, we finde no such thing.
(^Throckmorton.^) I hadde forgot to aunswere that
Question before; but you haue founde according
to Truth: And for the better Warrantie of your
Dooings, vnderstande that I came to (^London^) , and
so to the Queenes Counsell vnbroughte, when I
vnderstoode they demaunded for me; and yet I
was almoste an hundred miles hence, where if I
had not presumed vppon my Truthe, I coulde haue
withdrawen my selfe from catching.
(^Bromley.^) How saye you the reste of ye, is (^Whetston's^)
Verdict all your Verdicts?
   The whole Inquest aunswered yea.
(^Bromley.^) Remember youre selues better, haue
you considered substantially the whole Euidence
in sorte as it was declared and recited? the
Matter dothe touche the Queenes Highnesse,
and your selves also, take good heede what you
doe.
(^Whetston.^) My Lorde, wee haue throughly considered
the Euidence laide agaynste the Prisoner,
and his Aunsweres to all these Matters, and accordingly
<P I,77.C2>
wee haue founde him not guiltie, agreeable
to all our Consciences.
(^Bromely.^) If you haue done well, it is the better
for you.
(^Throckmorton.^) It is better to be tried, than to
liue suspected: (^Blessed be the Lord God of^) Israell,
(^for he hath visited and redeemed his People, and hathe
raised vp a mightie Saluation for vs in the House of his
Seruaunte^) Dauid. And it maye please you my
Lorde Chiefe Justice, forasmuche as I haue ben indited
and arrained of sundry Treasons, and haue
according to the Lawe put my Triall to God and
my Countrey, that is to say, to these honest
Men whiche haue founde me not giltie; I humbly
beseeche you to giue me such Benefite, Acquitall,
and Judgement, as the Lawe in this Case
doth appointe.
   When the Prisoner had saide these wordes, the
Commissioners consulted togither.
(^Throckmorton.^) Maye it please you my Lorde
Chiefe Justice, to pronounce Sentence for my
Discharge.
(^Bromley.^) Where as you doe aske the Benefite that
the Lawe in suche Case dothe appointe, I will
giue it you, (^viz^) . That where you haue bene indited
of sundrye highe Treasons, and haue bene
here this Daye before the Queenes Commissioners
and Justices arreigned of the saide Treasons,
wherevnto you haue pleaded not guiltye, and haue
for Triall therein putte youre selfe on God and
youre Countrey, and they haue founde you not
guiltie, the Courte doth award that you be clerly
discharged, paying your Fees. Notwithstandyng,
Mayster Lieutenant, take hym with you agayne,
for there are other Matters to charge hym with.
(^Throckmorton.^) It may please you my Lords and 
Maisters of the Queenes Highnes Priuie Counsel,
to be on my behalfe humble Sutors to hir Majestie,
that like as the Law this daye (God be praised)
hathe purged mee of the Treasons wherewith I
was most dangerously charged, so it might please
hir Excellent Majestie to purge me in hir priuate
Judgemente, and both forgyue and forgette my
ouer rashe Boldenesse, that I vsed in Talke of hir
Highnesse Marriage with the Prince of (^Spaine^) ,
Matters too farre aboue my Capacitie, and I very
vnable to consider the Gravitie therof; a Matter
impertinent for me a private Person to talke of,
which did appertain to hir Highnesse Privy Counsel
to haue in Deliberation: and if it shall please
hir Highnesse of hir bountifull Liberalite, to remitte
my former Ouersightes, I shall thinke my
selfe happye for Triall of the Daunger that I haue
this daye escaped, and may thereby admonishe
mee to eschewe thinges aboue my reache, and also
to instructe mee to deale with matters agreeable
to my Vocation; and God saue the Queenes Majestie,
and graunte the same long to raigne ouer us,
and the same Lorde be praised for you the Magistrates,
beefore whom I haue hadde my Triall
this daye indifferentlye by the Lawe, and you
haue proceeded with mee accordinglye, and the
Grace of God bee amongst you now and euer.
   There was no Aunswere made by any of the
Benche to the Prisoners Sute, but the (^Attorney^) did
speake these wordes:
(^Attorney.^) And it please you, my Lordes, forasmuche
as it seemeth these Men of the Jurie which
haue straungely acquitte the Prisoner of his Treasons
whereof hee was indited, will forthwith departe
the Courte; I praye you for the Queene,
that they, and euerye of them, maye bee bounde
<P I,78.C1>
in a Recognizance of fiue hundrethe Pounde apeece,
to aunswere to such Matters as they shall be charged
with in the Queenes behalfe, whensoeuer they
shall be charged or called.
(^Whetston.^) I praye you, my Lordes, be good
vnto vs, and lette vs not bee molested for dischargyng
our Consciences truelye; we bee poore
Marchant-men, and haue great Chardge vpon our 
<P I,78.C2>
hands, and our Lyuynges doe depende vppon our
Trauailes; therefore it maye please you to appoynte
vs a certaine Daye for oure Appearance,
bycause perhappes else some of vs maye bee in
forreigne Partes aboute our Businesse. The Court
being dissatisfy'd with the Verdict, committed the 
Jury to Prison.



<B CEHIST1A>
<Q E1 NN HIST MORERIC>
<N HISTORY RICHARD III>
<A MORE THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MORE, THOMAS.
TEXT:  THE HISTORY OF KING RICHARD III.
THE COMPLETE WORKS OF ST. THOMAS MORE,
VOL. II.
ED. R. S. SYLVESTER.
NEW HAVEN AND LONDON: YALE UNIVERSITY
PRESS, 1963.
PP. 15.26 - 18.30   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 40.8  - 42.23   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 46.7  - 47.25   (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 52.23 - 56.24   (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 76.13 - 80.25   (SAMPLE 5)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 15>
   With these wordes and writynges and suche other, the Duke of
Gloucester sone set a fyre, them that were of themself ethe to  #
kindle,
and in especiall twayne, Edward Duke of Buckingham, and
Richarde Lorde Hastinges and chaumberlayn, both men of honour
and of great power. The tone by longe succession from his       #
ancestrie,
the tother by his office and the kinges fauor. These two not    #
bearing
eche to other so muche loue, as hatred bothe vnto the Quenes    #
parte:
<P 16>
in this poynte accorded together wyth the Duke of Gloucester,   #
that
they wolde vtterlye amoue fro the kynges companye, all his      #
mothers
frendes, vnder the name of their enemyes. Vpon this concluded,
the Duke of Gloucester vnderstandyng, that the Lordes whiche at
that tyme were aboute the kyng, entended to bryng him vppe to   #
his
Coronacion, accoumpanied with suche power of theyr frendes,     #
that
it shoulde bee harde for him to brynge his purpose to passe,    #
without
the gathering and great assemble of people and in maner of open
warre, wherof the ende he wiste was doubtuous, and in which the
kyng being on their side, his part should haue the face and     #
name of a
rebellion: he secretly therefore by diuers meanes, caused the   #
Quene
to be perswaded and brought in the mynd, that it neither wer    #
nede,
& also shold be ieopardous, the king to come vp strong. For     #
where
as nowe euery lorde loued other, and none other thing studyed
vppon, but aboute the Coronacion and honoure of the king: if    #
the
lordes of her kinred shold assemble in the kinges name muche
people, thei should geue the lordes atwixte whome and them      #
hadde
bene sommetyme debate, to feare and suspecte, leste they        #
shoulde
gather thys people, not for the kynges sauegarde whome no manne
enpugned, but for theyr destruccion, hauyng more regarde to     #
their
olde variaunce, then their newe attonement. For whiche cause    #
thei
shoulde assemble on the other partie muche people agayne for    #
their
defence, whose power she wyste wel farre stretched. And thus    #
should
all the realme fall on a rore. And of al the hurte that therof  #
should
ensue, which was likely not to be litle, and the most harme     #
there
like to fal wher she lest would, all the worlde woulde put her  #
and her
kinred in the wyght, and say that thei had vnwyselye and        #
vntrewlye
also, broken the amitie and peace that the kyng her husband so
prudentelye made, betwene hys kinne and hers in his death bed,  #
and
whiche the other party faithfully obserued.
<P 17>
   The Quene being in this wise perswaded, suche woorde sente   #
vnto
her sonne, and vnto her brother being aboute the kynge, and     #
ouer
that the Duke of Gloucester hymselfe and other Lordes the       #
chiefe of
hys bende, wrote vnto the kynge soo reuerentelye, and to the
Queenes frendes, there soo louyngelye, that they nothynge       #
Earthelye
mystrustynge, broughte the Kynge vppe in greate haste, not in   #
good
speede, with a sober coumpanye. Nowe was the king in his waye   #
to
London gone, from Northampton, when these Dukes of Gloucester
and Buckyngham came thither.


   Where remained behynd, the Lorde
Ryuers the Kynges vncle, entendyng on the morowe to folow the
Kynge, and bee with hym at Stonye Stratford eleuen miles        #
thence,
earely or hee departed. So was there made that nyghte muche
frendely chere betwene these Dukes and the Lorde Riuers a       #
greate
while. But incontinente after that they were oppenlye with      #
greate
courtesye departed, and the Lorde Riuers lodged,

the Dukes
secretelye with a fewe of their moste priuye frendes, sette     #
them downe
in counsayle, wherin they spent a great parte of the nyght.     #
And at
their risinge in the dawnyng of the day, thei sent about        #
priuily to
their seruantes in their Innes and lodgynges about, geuinge     #
them
commaundemente to make them selfe shortely readye, for their
Lordes wer to horsebackward. Vppon whiche messages, manye of 
their folke were attendaunt, when manye of the lorde Riuers
seruantes were vnreadye. Nowe hadde these Dukes taken also
into their custodye the kayes of the Inne, y=t= none shoulde    #
passe
foorth without theyr licence. And ouer this in the hyghe waye
<P 18>
towarde Stonye Stratforde where the Kynge laye, they hadde
beestowed certayne of theyr folke, that shoulde sende backe     #
agayne,
and compell to retourne, anye manne that were gotten oute of
Northampton toward Stonye Stratforde, tyll they should geue     #
other
lycence. For as muche as the Dukes themselfe entended for the
shewe of theire dylygence, to bee the fyrste that shoulde that  #
daye
attende vppon the Kynges highnesse oute of that towne: thus     #
bare
they folke in hande. But when the Lorde Ryuers vnderstode the
gates closed, and the wayes on euerye side besette, neyther hys
seruantes nor hymself suffered to gone oute, parceiuyng well so
greate a thyng without his knowledge not begun for noughte,
comparyng this maner present with this last nightes chere, in   #
so few
houres so gret a chaunge marueylouslye misliked. How be it
sithe hee coulde not geat awaye, and keepe him selfe close, hee
woulde not, leste hee shoulde seeme to hyde him selfe for some
secret feare of hys owne faulte, whereof he saw no such cause   #
in hym
self: he determined vppon the suretie of his own conscience,    #
to goe
boldelye to them, and inquire what thys matter myghte meane.
Whome as soone as they sawe, they beganne to quarell with hym,
and saye, that hee intended to sette distaunce beetwene the     #
Kynge
and them, and to brynge them to confusion, but it shoulde not   #
lye
in hys power. And when hee beganne (as hee was a very well
spoken manne,) in goodly wise to excuse himself, they taryed    #
not the
ende of his aunswere, but shortely tooke
him and putte him in warde, and that 
done, foorthwyth wente to horsebacke, and
tooke the waye to stonye Stratforde. Where they founde the      #
kinge with
his companie readye to leape on horsebacke, and departe         #
forwarde,
to leaue that lodging for them, because it was to streighte     #
for bothe
coumpanies.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 40>
   The lord Cardinall perceiuing that the quene waxed euer the
lenger the farder of, and also that she began to kindle and     #
chafe, and
speke sore biting wordes against the protectour, and such as he
neither beleued, and was also loth to here, he said vnto her    #
for a
finall conclusion, that he woulde no lenger dispute the         #
matter. But
if she were content to deliuer y=e= duke to him & to y=e=       #
other lordes
there present, he durst lay his owne body & soule both in       #
pledge, not
onely for his suerty but also for hys estate. And if she        #
woulde giue 
them a resolute aunswere to y=e= contrary, he would forthw=t=   #
depart
there with all, and shyfte whoso would with thys busynes        #
afterwarde:
for he neuer entended more to moue her in that matter, in       #
which she
thought y=t= he and all other also saue herselfe, lacked        #
either wit or
trouth. Wit if they were so dul, that they coulde nothing       #
perceiue
what the protectour entended: trouthe if they should procure    #
her
sonne to be delyuered into his handes, in whom thei shold       #
perceyue
toward the childe any euil intended.
   The quene with these wordes stode a good while in a great    #
study.
And for asmuch her semed the Cardinall more redy to depart,     #
then
some of the remnant, & the protectour himself redy at hand, so  #
y=t=
she verely thought she coulde not kepe him there, but that hee  #
shoulde
incontinent be taken thence: & to conuay him els where, neyther
had shee time to serue her, nor place determined, nor parsons
appointed, all thinge vnredy thys message came on her so        #
sodaynely,
<P 41>
nothing lesse loking for then to haue him fet out of sentuary,  #
which
she thought to be now beset in such places about, y=t= he       #
coulde not
be conuaied out vntaken,
   & partly as she thought it might fortune
her fere to bee false, so will she waste it was either nedeles  #
or boteles:
wherfore if she shold nedes go from him, she dempte it beste    #
to deliuer
him. And ouer y=t= of y=e= Cardinals faith she nothing          #
doubted, nor of
some other lordes neither, whom she there saw. Which as she     #
fered
lest they might bee deceiuid: so was she well assured they      #
would
not be corupted: Then thought she it should yet make them y=e=  #
more
warely to loke to him, & the more sircumspectly to se to his    #
surety,
if she with her owne handes betoke him to them of trust. And    #
at the
last she toke the yong duke by the hande, and said vnto the     #
lordes:
my lord (quod she) & all my lordes, I neither am so vnwise to   #
mistrust
your wittes, nor so suspicious to mistruste your trouthes. Of   #
which
thing I purpose to make you such a proofe, as if either of      #
both lacked
in you, might tourne both me to great sorowe, the realme to     #
much
harme, and you to gret reproche. For loe here is (quod she)     #
this
gentilman,
   whom I doubt not but I could here kepe safe if I woulde,
whatsoeuer any man say. And I doubt not also but ther be some 
abrode so deadly enemies vnto my blood, that if thei wist       #
where any
of it lay in their owne body, they would let it out. We haue    #
also had
experience y=t= the desire of a kingdome 
knoweth no kinred. The brother hath bene
the brothers bane.
   And may the nepheus be sure of their vncle?
Eche of these children is others defence while they be a        #
sunder, and
eche of their liues lieth in the others body. Kepe one safe &   #
both
be sure, and nothing for them both more perilouse, then to be
both in one place. For what wise merchaunt aduentureth all his 
good in one ship? All this notwithstanding, here I deliuer him  #
and
hys brother in him, to kepe into your handes, of whome I shall  #
aske
<P 42>
them both afore god and the world. Faithfull ye be that wot I   #
wel
and I know wel you be wise. Power & strenght to kepe him if ye  #
list
neither lacke ye of your self, nor can lack helpe in this       #
cause.
And if ye cannot els where, then may you leue him here. But     #
only
one thing I beseche you for y=e= trust that his father put in   #
you euer,
and for the trust that I put in you now, that as farre as ye    #
thinke
that I fere to muche, be you wel ware y=t= you fere not as      #
farre to
little. And therewithall she said vnto the child: farewel my    #
own
swete sonne, god send you good keping, let me kis you ones yet  #
ere
you goe, for God knoweth when we shal kis togither agayne. And
therewith she kissed him, & blessed him, turned her back and    #
wept
and went her way, leauing the childe weping as fast. When the   #
lord
Cardinal & these other lordes with him, had receiued this yong  #
duke,
thei brought him into the sterrechamber
where the protectour
toke him in his armes & kissed him with these wordes: Now       #
welcome
my lord euen w=t= al my very hart. And he
sayd in that of likelihod as he thought. 
Thereupon forthwith they brought him to y=e= kynge his brother  #
into the bishoppes palice at powles,
& from thence through the citie
honorably into the tower, out of which after y=t= day they      #
neuer
came abrode.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 46>
   And of trouth the
protectour and the Duke of Buckingham made very good semblaunce
vnto the Lord Hastinges, and kept him much in company. And
vndoubtedly the protectour loued him wel, & loth was to haue    #
loste
him, sauing for fere lest his life shoulde haue quailed their   #
purpose.
For which cause he moued Catesby to proue wyth some words cast
out a farre of, whither he could thinke it possible to winne    #
the lord
Hasting into their parte. But Catesby whither he assayed him or
assaied him not, reported vnto them, that he founde him so      #
fast, and
hard him speke so terrible woordes, that he durst no further    #
breke.
And of trouth the lord Chamberlen of very trust shewed vnto
Catesbye, the mistrust that other began to haue in the mater.   #
And
therfore he fering lest their mocions might with y=e= lord      #
Hastinges
minishe his credence, wherunto onely al the matter lenid,       #
procured
the protectour hastely to ridde him.
And much the rather, for that
he trusted by his deth to obtaine much of the rule that the     #
lorde
Hastinges bare in his countrey: the only desire whereof, was    #
y=e=
allectiue y=t= induced him to be partener and one specyall      #
contriuer of
al this horrible treson.
   Whereupon sone after that is to wit, on 
the friday the thirtene day of Iune many
Lordes assembled in the tower, and there sat in counsaile,      #
deuising
the honorable solempnite of the kinges coronacion, of which the
time appointed then so nere approched, that the pageauntes and
suttelties were in making day and night at westminster, and     #
much
<P 47>
vitaile killed therfore, that afterward was cast away. These    #
lordes so
sytting togyther comoning of thys matter, the protectour came   #
in
among them, fyrst aboute ix. of the clock, saluting them        #
curtesly, &
excusyng hymself that he had ben from them so long, saieng      #
merely 
that he had bene a slepe that day. And after a little talking   #
w=t= them,
he sayd vnto y=e= Bishop of Elye: my lord you haue very good    #
strawberies
at your gardayne in Holberne, I require you let vs haue a messe
of them. Gladly my lord, quod he, woulde god I had some better  #
thing
as redy to your pleasure as that. And therwith in al the hast   #
he sent
hys seruant for a messe of strauberies. The protectour sette    #
the lordes
fast in comoning, and therupon prayeng them to spare hym for a 
little while, departed thence.

And sone after one hower betwene .x.
& .xi. he returned into y=e= chamber among them, al changed 
with a wonderful soure angrye countenaunce, knitting the        #
browes,
frowning and froting and knawing on hys lippes, and so sat him  #
downe,
in hys place: al the lordes much dismaied & sore merueiling of  #
this
maner of sodain chaunge, and what thing should him aile. Then   #
when
he had sitten still a while,
thus he began: what were they worthy to
haue, that compasse & ymagine the distruccion of me, being so   #
nere of
blood vnto y=e= king and protectour of his riall person & his   #
realme. At
this question, al y=e= lordes sat sore astonied, musyng much    #
by whome
thys question should be ment, of which euery man wyst himselfe  #
clere.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 52>
   Now flew y=e= fame of this lordes death, swiftly through     #
the citie,
& so forth farder about like a winde in euery mans ere. But the
protector immediatelye after diner, entending to set some       #
colour
vpon y=e= matter, sent in al y=e= hast for many substauncial    #
men out of the
city into the Tower. And at their comming, himself w=t= the     #
Duke of
Bukingham, stode harnesed in old il faring briginders, such as  #
no man
shold wene y=t= thei wold vouchsafe to haue put vpon their      #
backes,
except that some sodaine necessitie had constrained them. And   #
then
the protectour shewed them, y=t= the lord chamberlain, & other  #
of
<P 53>
his conspiracy, had contriued to haue sodeinly destroide him &  #
the
duke, ther y=e= same day in y=e= counsel. And what thei         #
intended further,
was as yet not well knowen. Of whiche their treson he neuer had
knowlage before x. of y=e= clock y=e= same fore none. Whiche    #
sodain fere
draue them to put on for ther defence such harneis as came      #
next to
hande. And so had god holpen them, y=t= y=e= mischief turned    #
vpon them
y=t= wold haue done it. And this he required them to report.
Eueri man
answered him fair, as though no man mistrusted y=e= mater       #
which of
trouth no man beleued. Yet for y=e= further appesing of y=e=    #
peoples mind,
he sent immediatli after diner in al y=e= hast, one herode of   #
armes, w=t=
a proclamacion to be made through y=e=
city in y=e= kinges name,
conteyning y=t= the
lord Hastinges w=t= diuers other of his traytorous purpose,     #
had before
conspired y=e= same day, to haue slaine y=e= lord protector &   #
y=e=
duke of Buckingham sitting in y=e= counsel, & after to haue     #
taken 
vpon them to rule y=e= king & y=e= realm at their pleasure, &   #
therbi
to pil & spoil whom thei list vncontroled. And much mater was   #
ther
in y=e= proclamacion deuised, to y=e= slaunder of y=e= lord     #
chamberlain,
as y=t= he was an euil counseller to y=e= kinges father,        #
intising him to many
thinges highlye redounding to y=e= minishing of his honor, &    #
to y=e=
vniuersal hurt of his realm, by his euyl company, sinister      #
procuring, &
vngracious ensample, as wel in many other thinges as in y=e=    #
vicious
liuing & inordinate abusion of his body, both w=t= many other,  #
& also
specialli w=t= shores wife, which was one also of his most      #
secret counsel
of this heynous treson, w=t= whom he lay nightli, & nameli      #
y=e= night last
passed next before his death, so that it was y=e= less meruel,  #
if vngracious
liuyng brought him to an vnhappy ending: which he was now put
vnto, by y=e= most drede commaundement of y=e= kinges highnes   #
& of his
honorable & faithful counsel, bothe for his demerites, being    #
so openli
taken in his falsli conceiued treson, & also lest y=e=          #
delaying of his
execucion, might haue encoraged other mischiuous persons        #
partners of
his conspiracy, together & assemble themself together in        #
makyng some
<P 54>
gret commocion for his deliueraunce, whose hope now being by    #
his
wel deserued deth politikely repressed, al y=e= realm shold bi  #
gods grace
rest in good quiete and peace. Now was this proclamacion made   #
w=t=in
 .ii. houres after y=t= he was beheded, & it was curiously      #
indited, & so
fair writen in parchment in so wel a set hande, & therwith of   #
it self so
long a processe, y=t= eueri child might wel perceiue, that it   #
was prepared
before. For al y=e= time betwene his death & the proclaming     #
could scant
haue suffised vnto y=e= bare wryting alone, all had it bene     #
but in paper
& scribled forth in hast at aduenture. So y=t= vpon y=e=        #
proclaming therof,
one y=t= was scole master of Poules of chaunce standing by,     #
& comparing
y=e= shortnes of y=e= time w=t= the length of y=e= matter,      #
said vnto them y=t= stode
about him here is a gay goodly cast, foule cast awai for hast.  #
And a
merchant answered hym, y=t= it was writen by profecy. Now then  #
by &
bi, as it wer for anger not for couetise, y=e= protector sent   #
into y=e= house of
shores wife (for her husband dwelled not
w=t= her) & spoiled her of al y=t= euer she had,
aboue y=e= value of .ii. or .iii. M. marks, & sent her body to  #
prison.
And when he had a while laide vnto her for the maner sake, y=t=
she went about to bewitch him, & y=t= she was of counsel w=t=   #
the lord
chamberlein to destroy him: in conclusion when y=t= no colour   #
could
fasten vpon these matters, then he layd heinously to her        #
charge, y=e= 
thing y=t= her self could not deny, that al y=e= world wist     #
was true, & that
natheles euery man laughed at to here it then so sodainly so    #
highly
taken, y=t= she was nought of her body. And for thys cause (as  #
a goodly
continent prince clene & fautles of himself, sent oute of       #
heauen into
this vicious world for the amendement of mens maners) he        #
caused the
bishop of London to put her to open penance, going before the   #
crosse in
procession vpon a sonday with a taper in her hand.
In which she went
in countenance & pace demure so womanly, & albeit she were out  #
of
al array saue her kyrtle only: yet went she so fair & louely,   #
namelye
while the wondering of the people caste a comly rud in her      #
chekes (of
<P 55>
which she before had most misse) that her great shame wan her   #
much
praise, among those y=t= were more amorous of her body then     #
curious
of her soule. And many good folke also y=t= hated her liuing,   #
& glad
wer to se sin corrected: yet pitied thei more her penance, then
reioyced therin, when thei considred that y=e= protector        #
procured it,
more of a corrupt intent then ani vertuous 
affeccion. This woman was born in
London, worshipfully frended, honestly brought vp, & very wel
maryed, sauing somewhat to sone, her husbande an honest         #
citezen,
yonge & goodly & of good substance. But forasmuche as they were
coupled ere she wer wel ripe, she not very feruently loued,     #
for whom
she neuer longed. Which was happely the thinge, that the more   #
easily
made her encline vnto y=e= kings appetite when he required      #
her. Howbeit
y=e= respect of his royaltie,
y=e= hope of gay apparel, ease, plesure & other
wanton welth, was hable soone to perse a softe tender hearte.   #
But
when the king had abused her, anon her husband (as he was an    #
honest
man & one that could his good, not presuming to touch a kinges
concubine) left her vp to him al togither.
When the king died, the lord
Chamberlen toke her. Which in the kinges daies, albeit he was
sore ennamored vpon her, yet he forbare her, either for         #
reuerence, or
for a certain frendly faithfulnes. Proper she was & faire:
nothing in her
body y=t= you wold haue changed, but if you would haue wished   #
her somewhat
higher. Thus say thei y=t= knew her in her youthe. Albeit some  #
that
now se her (for yet she liueth) deme her neuer to haue ben wel  #
visaged.
Whose iugement semeth me somwhat like, as though men should
gesse y=e= bewty of one longe before departed, by her scalpe    #
taken out
of the charnel house: for now is she old lene, withered &       #
dried vp,
nothing left but ryuilde skin & hard bone. And yet being euen   #
such:
whoso wel aduise her visage, might gesse & deuise which partes  #
how
<P 56>
filled, wold make it a faire face. Yet delited not men so much  #
in her
bewty, as in her plesant behauior. For a proper wit had she, &  #
could
both rede wel & write, mery in company, redy & quick of         #
aunswer,
neither mute nor ful of bable, sometime taunting w=t=out        #
displesure &
not w=t=out disport. The king would say
that he had .iii. concubines, which in
three diuers properties diuersly exceled. One the meriest, an
other the wiliest, the thirde the holiest harlot in his         #
realme, as one
whom no man could get out of y=e= church lightly to any place,  #
but it
wer to his bed. The other two were somwhat greter parsonages, &
Natheles of their humilite content to be nameles, & to forbere  #
the
praise of those properties. But the meriest was this Shoris     #
wife, in whom
the king therfore toke speciall pleasure. For many he had, but  #
her
he loued, whose fauour to saithe trouth (for sinne it wer to    #
belie y=e=
deuil) she neuer abused to any mans hurt, bu to many a mans     #
comfort
& relief: where the king toke displeasure, she would mitigate &
appease his mind: where men were out of fauour, she wold bring  #
them
in his grace. For many that had highly offended, shee obtained  #
pardon.
Of great forfetures she gate men remission. And finally in many
weighty sutes, she stode many men in gret stede, either for     #
none, or
very smal rewardes, & those rather gay then rich: either for    #
that she
was content w=t= the dede selfe well done, or for y=t= she      #
delited to be suid
vnto, & to show what she was able to do wyth the king, or for   #
y=t=
wanton women and welthy be not alway couetouse.

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 76>
   At these wordes y=e= people began to whisper among
themselfe secretely, that the voyce was neyther loude nor       #
distincke, but
as it were the sounde of a swarme of bees, tyl at the last in   #
the nether
ende of the hal, a bushement of the dukes seruantes and         #
Nashefeldes
and other longing to the protectour, with some prentises and    #
laddes
that thrust into the hal amonge the prese, began sodainelye at  #
mennes
backes to crye owte as lowde as their throtes would gyue: king
Rycharde kinge Rycharde, and threwe vp their cappes in token of
ioye. And they that stode before, cast back theyr heddes        #
meruailing
thereof, but nothing they sayd.

And when the duke and the Maier

saw thys maner, they wysely turned it to theyr purpose. And     #
said it
was a goodly cry and a ioyfull to here, euery man with one      #
voice no
manne sayeng nay. Wherfore frendes, quod the duke, sins that we
parceiue it is al your hole mindes to haue this noble man for   #
your
king whereof we shall make his grace so effectuall reporte,     #
that we
doubte not but it shall redounde vnto your great weal and       #
commoditye:
we require ye that ye to morow go with vs and wee with you
vnto his noble grace, to make our humble request vnto him in    #
maner
<P 77>
before remembred. And therewith the lordes came downe, and the 
company dissolued and departed, the more part al sad, som with
glad semblaunce that wer not very mery, and some of those that  #
came
thyther with the duke, not able to dissemble theyr sorow, were  #
faine
at his backe to turne their face to the wall, while the         #
doloure of their
heart braste oute at theyr eyen.
   Then on the morowe after, the mayre
with all the alderman and chiefe comeners
of the citie in their beste maner apparailed,
assembling themself together resorted vnto Baynardes castell    #
where the
protector lay. To which place repaired also according to theyr  #
appointmente
the duke of Buckingham, with dyuers noble menne with him,
beside manye knightes and other gentlemen. And thereupon the    #
duke
sent worde vnto the lord protectour, of the being there of a    #
great
and honourable coumpanye, to moue a great matter vnto his       #
grace.
Whereupon the protectour made difficultie to come oute vnto     #
them,
but if he first knewe some part of theyr errande, as though he  #
doubted
and partelye dystrusted the commyng of suche noumber vnto him   #
so
sodainlye, withoute anye warnyng or knowledge, whyther they     #
came
for good or harme, then the Duke when he had shewed this vnto   #
the
maire and other, that they mighte thereby see howe lytle the    #
protectour
loked for this matter, thei sent vnto him by the messenger      #
suche
louyng message againe, and therewith so humblye besought hym to
vouchesafe that thei might resort to hys presence, to purpose   #
their
intent, of which they would vnto none other parson any part     #
disclose,
that at the laste hee came foorth of his chamber, and yet not   #
down
vnto them, but stode aboue in a galarye ouer them, where they   #
mighte
see hym & speake to him, as though he woulde not yet come to    #
nere
them tyll he wist what they mente. And thereuppon the Duke of
Buckingham fyrste made humble peticion vnto him, on the behalfe
of them all, that his grace woulde pardon them and lycence      #
them to
purpose vnto hys grace the intent of their commyng with oute    #
his
<P 78>
displeasure, withoute whiche pardon obtayned, they dyrst not be
bold to moue him of that matter. In whiche albeit thei ment as  #
muche
honor to hys grace as wealthe to al the realm beside, yet were  #
they not
sure howe hys grace woulde take it, whom they would in no wyse
offende. Then the protector as hee was very gentle of           #
hymselfe, and
also longed sore to wit what they mente, gaue hym leaue to      #
purpose
what hym lyked, verely trustyng for the good minde that he      #
bare them
al, none of them ani thing would intende vnto hym warde, where  #
with
he ought to be greued. When the duke had this leaue & pardon to
speake, then waxed he bolde to shewe hym theyr intent and       #
purpose,
with all the causes mouing them thereunto as ye before haue     #
harde,
and finally to beseche hys grace, that it wold lyke him of his  #
accustomed
goodnes and zeale vnto the realm, now with his eye of pitie,
to beholde the long continued distres and decay of the same     #
and to sette
his gracious handes
to the redresse and amendement therof, by taking
vppon him the crowne and gouernaunce of this realme,

according to
his right and tytle lawfully descended vnto hym, and to the     #
laude of
god, profyte of the land, and vnto his grace so muche the more  #
honour
and lesse paine, in that that neuer prince raigned vpon any     #
people,
that were so glad to liue vnder hys obeysaunce as the people    #
of this
realme vnder his. When the protector had hard the proposicion,  #
he
loked very strangely therat, and answered: That all were it     #
that he
partli knew the thinges by them alledged to be true: yet such   #
entier
loue he bare vnto king Edward and his children, that so muche   #
more
regarded hys honour in other realmes about, then the crowne of  #
any
one, of which he was neuer desyrous, that he could not fynde    #
in his
hearte in this poynte to enclyne to theyr desyre. For in all    #
other
nacyons where the trueth wer not wel knowen, it shold           #
paraduenture
be thought, that it were his owne ambicious minde and deuise,   #
to
depose the prince & take himself the crown. With which infami   #
he 
wold not haue his honoure stayned for anye crowne. In whiche he
had euer parceyued muche more labour and payn, then pleasure to
<P 79>
hym that so woulde so vse it, as he that woulde not were not    #
worthy
to haue it. Notwithstanding he not only pardoned them the       #
mocion
that they made him, but also thanked them for the loue and      #
hearty
fauoure they bare him, prayinge them for his sake to geue and   #
beare
the same to the prynce, vnder whom he was and would be content
to lyue, & with his labour and counsel as farre as should like  #
the kyng
to vse him, he woold doe his vttermost deuor to set the realm   #
in good
state. Whiche was alreadye in this litle while of his           #
protectorship (the
prayse geuen to god) wel begon, in that the malice of such as   #
wer before
occasion of the contrary and of new intended to bee, were nowe
partelye by good policye, partly more by goddes special         #
prouidence
then mans prouision repressed. Vpon this answer geuen, the      #
Duke by
the protectours lycence, a lytle rouned, aswell with other      #
noble men
about him as with the mayre and recorder of London. And after   #
that
vpon lyke pardone desyred and obtayned, he shewed aloude vnto   #
the
protectour, that for a fynal conclusion, y=t= the realm was     #
appointed
king Edwardes lyne shoulde not any longer reigne vpon them,     #
both
for that thei had so farre gone, that it was now no surety to   #
retreate,
as for that they thought it for the weale vniuersal to take     #
that wai
although they had not yet begonne it. Wherfore yf it would      #
lyke hys
grace to take the crowne vpon him, they woulde humblye beseche 
hym thereunto. If he woulde geue them a resolute aunswere to    #
the
contrarye, whyche they woulde bee lothe to heare, than muste    #
they
needes seke and shold not faile to fynd some other noble manne  #
that
woulde. These wordes muche moued the protectoure, whiche els as
euery manne may witte, would neuer of likelyhoode haue inclyned
therunto. But when he saw ther was none other way, but that     #
eyther
he must take it or els he and his bothe goe fro it, he saide    #
vnto the
lordes and commons: Sith we parceiue wel that al the realm is   #
so set,
whereof we be very sorye that they wil not suffer in any wise   #
king
Edwardes line to gouerne them, whom no manne earthly can        #
gouerne
again their willes, and we wel also perceue, that no manne is   #
there, to
whom the crown can by so iust tytle appertayn as to our self,   #
as
<P 80>
verye ryghte heyre lawfullye begotten of the bodye of oure      #
moste deere
father Rycharde late Duke of Yorke, to whiche tytle is nowe     #
ioyned
your elleccion, the nobles & comons of this realm, whiche       #
wee of all
titles possible take for most effectual: we be
content & agre fauourably to incline to
your peticion and request, and accordyng
to the same,
here we take vppon vs the royall estate, preeminence and
kyngdome of the twoo noble realmes, England and Fraunce, the    #
tone
fro this day forward by vs and our heires to rule, gouerne and  #
defend,
the tother by goddes grace & youre good helpe to geat again     #
and subdewe,
and established for euer in due obedyence vnto this realme of
Englande,

thaduancement whereof we neuer aske of god longer to 
lyue then we entende to procure. With this there was a great    #
shout,
crying kyng Richarde king Rychard. And then the lordes went vp  #
to
the kyng (for so was he from that time called) and the people   #
departed,
talkyng diuersly of the matter euery man as his fantasye gaue   #
hym.
But muche they talked and marueiled of the maner of this        #
dealing,
that the matter was on both partes made so straunge, as though  #
neither
had euer communed with other thereof before, when that          #
themself wel
wist there was no man so dul that heard them, but he perceieud  #
wel
inough, y=t= all the matter was made betwene them. Howbeit      #
somme
excused that agayne, and sayde all must be done in good order   #
though.



<B CEHIST1B>
<Q E1 NN HIST FABYAN>
<N NEW CHRONICLES>
<A FABYAN ROBERT>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FABYAN, ROBERT.
THE NEW CHRONICLES OF ENGLAND AND FRANCE.
LONDON: PYNSON, 1516.
PP. 167V.C2.4 - 171R.C2.9     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 172V.C1.1 - 173V.C2.20    (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 174V.C1.8 - 175R.C1.30    (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 167V.C2>
[}CHARLYS THE .IIII.}]

   Henry the .iiii. of that name 
and sone of Iohn~ of 
Gaunt late duke of Lancaster
tooke possessyon
of the domynyon of the
Realme of Englonde /
as before in the ende of the Story of the
seconde Rycharde is shewyd / Vpon the
laste daye of Septembre in the yere of
our Lorde a thousande .CCC.lxxx.xix.
and in y=e= .xix. yere of Charlys the .vii. tha~
Kynge of Fraunce / After whiche possessyon
soo by hym taken anon he made 
newe Offycers / as the Erle of Northumberlande /
he made Constable of 
Englonde / the Erle of Westmerlande 
was made Marshall / syr Iohn~ Serle
<P 168R.C1>
Chaunceler / Iohn~ Newebery esquyer
Tresorer / and syr Rycharde Clyfforde
Knyght keper of the pryuey Sygnet
and that done prouysyon was made for
his Coronacyon agayne the Daye of
the Translacyon of Seynt Edwarde
the confessour next than co~mynge / and
the Parlyament was prolongyd tyll y=e=
tuysday folowynge the sayd day of Coronacyon /
Than vpon the Euyn of the
sayde daye of Coronacyon the Kyng w=t=
in the Towre of Lo~don made .xli knyghtys
of the Bathe / whereof .iii. were his 
owne Sonnys / and .iii. Erlys / &. v. Lordys /
and vpon monday beynge the sayd
day of seynt Edwarde / and the .xiii. day
of october he was crowned at Westmynster
of the Archebysshop of Cau~torbury
after which Solempnyte fynysshed an
honorable feest was holden within the
great Halle of Westmynster / where the
Kynge beynge set in the mydde See of 
the Table / the Archebysshop of Cauntorbury
with .iii. other prelatys were set
at the same Table vpon the right hande
of the Kynge / and the Archebysshop of
yorke with other .iiii. prelatys was sette
vpon that other hande of the Kynge / &
He~ry y=e= Kynges eldest sone stoode vpo~
the right hande w=t= a poyntlesse swerde
holdynge vp right / & the Erle of Northumberlande
newely made Constable
stode vpo~ the lefte hande with a sharpe
swerde holde~ vp right and by eyther of
those swerdys stode .ii. other Lordys holde
 .ii. Cepters / & before the Kynge stode
all y=e= dyner whyle the dukys of Amnarle
of Surrey / and of Exetyr with other .ii.
Lordys / and the Erle of Westmerlande
tha~ newely made Marshall rode about
the Halle w=t= many typped staues about
hym to see the roume of the Halle kepte
that Offycers myght with ease serue y=e=
Tables / of the whiche Tables the chefe
vpon the ryght syde of the Halle was begunne
with the Barons of the .v. portys
and at the Table next y=e= Cupborde vpo~
<P 168R.C2>
the lefte hande sate the Mayer and his
bretherne the Aldermen of Lo~do~ / which
Mayer that tyme beynge Drewe Barentyne
Goldsmyth / for seruyce there by
hym that daye done / as other Mayers
at euery Kynges and Quenys coronacion
vse for to do had there a standynge
cuppe of Golde / Than after the seconde
course was seruyd syr Thomas Dymmoke
Knyght beynge armyd at all peacis /
and syttynge vpon a good Stede /
rode to the hygher parte of the Halle / &
there before y=e= Kyng caused an herowde
to make Proclamacyon that what man
wolde saye that Kynge Henry was not
rightfull enherytoure of the Crowne of
Englonde / and rightfully Crownyd he
was there redy to wage with hym Batayll /
tha~ or suche tyme as it shuld please
the Kynge to assygne / whiche proclamacion
he causyd to be made after in .iii. su~dry
placys of y=e= Halle in Englysshe and
in Frenshe with many moo obseruauncis
at his solempnytie exercysyd & done
whiche were longe to reherse / Than
this feest with all honoure endyd / vpon
the morne beynge tuysday the Parlyament
was agayne begunne / and vpon
wednysdaye syr Iohn~ Cheyny y=t= before
that tyme hadde occupyed as speker of
that Parlyament by his owne laboure
for cause of such Infyrmyties as he tha~
had was dischargyd / and a Squyer namyd
wyllyam Durwarde was electe to
that roume for hym / And then was the
Parlyament and the Actys therof laste
callyd by Kynge Rycharde adnullyd & 
set at nought / and the parlyame~t holden
in the .xi. yere of his Reygne holden for
ferme and stable / and the same day Henrye
the Kynges eldest sone was chosen &
admytted Prynce of Walys and Duke
of Cornewall / and Erle of Chester / and
Heyre apparaunt to the Crowne / vpon
the Thursdaye folowynge was put in
to the comon House a byll deuysed by
syr Iohn~ Bagot than Prysoner in the
<P 168V.C1>
Towre / whereof the effecte was that y=e=
sayde syr Iohn~ confessyd that he harde
Kynge Rycharde saye dyuerse tymes /
and at sundry Parlyamentys in his tyme
holde~ / that he wolde haue his entent
and pleasure concernynge his owne matiers /
what so euer betyde of the resydue
and if any withstode his wyll or mynde
he wolde by one meane or other brynge
hym out of lyfe. Also he shewyd farther
that Kynge Rycharde shuld shewe
and saye to hym at Lichefelde in the .xxi.
yere of his Reygne that he desyred no le~ger
to lyue / than to see his Lordes & commons
to haue hym in as great awe and
drede as euer they hadde any of his progenytours /
so that it myght be Cronycled
of hym that none passyd hym of honour
and dygnyte / with condycion that
he were deposyd and put from his sayd 
dygnyte the morowe after / and if euer it
came soo to / that he shulde resygne his
Kyngelye mageste / he sayde his mynde
was to resygne to the Duke of Herforde
as to hym that was moost abeleste to occupye
that honour / But one thynge he
feryd lest he wolde do tyrannyse agayne
y=e= Churche More ouer he shewyd by y=e=
sayd byll / y=t= as y=e= sayde syr Iohn~ Bagot
rode behynde the Duke of Norfolke towarde
Westmynster / y=e= sayd duke layed
to his charge y=t= he with other of the Kynges
Counceyll hadde murdred the Duke
of Gloucetyr / the whiche at that tyme
to the sayde Duke he denyed / and sayde
at that Daye he was on lyue / But within
 .iii. wekys after / the sayd syr Iohn~ by
the Kynges commaundement was sent
with other p~sones vnto Calays / where
for fere of his owne lyfe he sawe the sayd
murder put in execucion / And farthermore
he shewyd / that there was no man
of honour at that dayes more in fauoure
with Kynge Rycharde tha~ was the Duke
of Amnarle / and that by his cou~ceyll
he toke the Lordes and wrought many
other thynges after the sayd Dukys aduyce.
<P 168V.C2>
Also he shewyd that he harde
the Kynge beynge tha~ at Chyltrynlangley
swere manye great Othes that the
Duke of Herforde nowe Kynge / shulde
neuer retourne into Englonde / and rather
then he shulde agayne enheryte his
fathers Landys / he wolde gyue theym
vnto the heyres of the Duke of Gloucetyr /
and of the Erlys of Arundell / and of
Warwyke at the laste Parlyament adiuged /
And farther he shewyd that of all
theyse matiers he sent the sayde Duke
knowlege into Fraunce by one named
Roger Smert admonastynge hym to
prouyde by his wysedome to withsta~de
the Kynges malyce / which shewyd hym
to be his mortall enemye / And lastlye he
shewyd in the sayde Byll that he harde
the duke of Amnarle say vnto syr Iohn~
Busshey / and to syr Henrye Grene / I
hadde leuer than .xx. thousande pounde
that this man were dede / and wha~ they
hadde axyd of hym which man / he sayde
the duke of Herforde / not for drede that
I haue of his persone / But for sorowe
and rumours that he is lykelye to make
within this Realme / Whiche byll was
tha~ borne vnto the Kynges Parlyame~t
Chaumbre & there radde / after redynge
whereof the sayde Duke of Amnarle
stoode vp and sayde as touchynge such
Artycles as in that byll were put agayn
hym they were false and vntrewe / & that
he wolde proue vpon his body / or otherwyse
as the Kynge wolde commaunde
hym / Vpon Fryday the sayde syr Iohn~
Bagot was brought into the sayde Parlyament
Chambre / and examyned vpo~
euerye Artycle of his byll / all the whiche
he there affermyd / Then it was axyd of
hym what he coulde saye of the Duke of
Excetyr / whereunto he answeryd and
sayed that he coulde laye nothyng to his 
charge / But there is he sayd a yoman in
Newgate callyd Halle y=t= can say somewhat
of you / than sayde the Duke what
soeuer he or ye can or lyste to saye of me /
<P 169R.C1>
this is trouthe that I shall here expresse
trouthe it is that the laste tyme that the 
Kyng was at woodestoke / the Duke of
Norfolke and ye had me with you into
the Chapell / and closyd the dore vpo~ vs
and there ye made me to swere vpon the
Sacrament there present to kepe suche
counceyll as there ye shulde then shewe
vnto me / where after ye shewyd to me y=t=
ye coulde neuer brynge youre purpose about
whyle syr Iohn~ of Gaunt late Duke
of Lancaster lyued / wherfore ye were
aduysed for to haue shortly after a counceyll
at Lychefelde / by the whyche ye co~dyscendyd
that the sayd syr Iohn~ shuld
be arestyd in suche maner that he shuld
haue occasyon to disobey that areste / by
reason whereof by chaunce medley he 
shuld be there slayen / wherunto my cou~ceyll
than was / that the Kynge shulde
calle his secrete Counceyll / and if they agreed
thereunto / I for my parte wolde 
agree vnto the same / to whiche sayinge
syr Iohn~ Bagot gaue none answere / &
vpo~ Saterday the sayd Bagot & Halle
were bothe brought into the Parlyame~t
Chaumbre / and there examyned / ond after
countyrmau~dyd to Prysone / and as
soone as they were departyd the Lorde
Fits Water stoode vp and sayde / moost
redoughtyd souerayne Lord where as
the duke of Amnarle hath before tymes
and nowe lately excusyd hym of y=e= dethe
<P 169R.C2>
of the Duke of Gloucetyr / I saye & wyll
Iustyfye it that he was cause of his deth
and that I shall proue opon his body if
your grace be so contentyd / to the co~trary
whereof the Duke with sharpe wordys
answerid so that gaugys of batayll
were offerid of both parties / and sealyd
and delyueryd vnto the Lorde marshall
Tha~ partyes began to be taken amo~ge
the Lordes / In so moche that the Duke
of Surrey toke partye with the Duke
of Amnarle / & sayde that all that by hym
was done / was done by constraynt of
Rycharde than beynge Kynge / and he
hym selfe and other consentyd parforce
to the same / where agayn y=e= said Lorde
fyts Water and other replyed / wherfore
sylence was commaundyd / and forthwith
the forenamed Halle for y=t= he had
co~fessyd before the Lordes that he was
one of them that put to deth the Duke of
Gloucetyr at Calays / he therefore was
Iuged to be drawen from the Towre
of London vnto Tybourne / and there
to be hanged and quarteryd / the whiche
execucion was done vpon the mondaye
folowynge Thus with theyse causes &
many other this Parlyament contynued
tyll a newe Mayer namyd Thomas
Knollis grocer was admytted & sworne
vpon the day folowyng the feast of Symonde
and Iude.

<P 169R.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I. M.CCC.LXXX.XIX.
ANNO DN~I.M.CCCC.\)
GROCER THOMAS KNOLLYS.
WYLLYAM WALDERNE.
(\ANNO .I.\)
WYLLYAM HYDE.}]

   In this firste yere of Kyng
Henry the .iiii. yet lastyng
the foresayd Parlyament
vpon the Wednysday next
folowynge the feest of Symonde
and Iude / the Lorde Morley appealyd
the Erle of Salesbury of Treason /
<P 169R.C2>
And caste his hoode for a gauge to
trye with hym by Bataylle / the whiche
sayinge he replyed / and caste from hym
his Gloues for a gauge to proue his sayinge
false / and vntrewe / whiche were
there Sealyd / and delyueryd vnto the
Lorde Marshall / & vpon the mondaye
<P 169V.C1>
passyd an Acte that no Lorde nor other
persone of no degre shuld after that day
lay for his excuse any constraynt or coartynge 
of his Prynce in executynge of
any wronge Iugement / or other Crymynous /
and vnlefull dedys / sayinge
that for fere they durste none otherwyse
doo / For suche execuse after that Daye
shall stande hym in none effecte / And
also that all Sheryffys maye yelde accompte
in the Exchekyr vpon theyr Othys /
And that they be chaungyd in all
Shyres yerely / And also that no Lorde
nor other man of myght gyue any Gownys
or lyuereys to any of theyr Tenau~tys
or other persones excepte onely theyr
housholde and meynyall Seruauntys
Ans also than was enactyd that all Repiers
and other Fisshers co~mynge with
Fysshe from Rye / and Wynchylsee / and 
other Coostys of the Sees syde shulde
sell it themselfe in Cornhyll / and Chepe /
and other stretys of London to all men
that wolde of them by it / excepte Fysshe
mongers and other that wolde bye the
sayde Fysshe to make Sale of it agayn
And vpon the Wednysdaye folowynge
was enactyd that Rycharde late Kynge
of Englonde shulde for his myssegouernaunce
of the Realme be holdyn in such
Prysone as the Kynge wolde assygne
durynge his naturall Lyfe / And than y=e=
Kynge graunted to all persones generall
pardons / so that they were sette out
of the Chauncerye by Alhalowentyde
nexte folowynge / excepte such persones 
as were present at the murder of the Duke 
of Gloucetyr / And in this whyle was
the Archbysshop of Cauntorbury / and
Doctour Roger whiche there was sette
by Kynge Rycharde / was remoued &
sette in the See of London / w=t= the which
he was right well contentyd / And than 
was the Erle of Arundellys sone restoryd
to all his Fathers Landys with dyuerse
other before by Kynge Rycharde
<P 169V.C2>
dysheryted / And shortlye after was the
sayd Parlyament dyssoluyd / and euery
man had lycence to departe to his owne
And than was Rycharde late Kyng had
vnto the Castell of Ledys in Kent and
there kepte / and prouysyon was made
at Wyndesore for the Kyng to kepe there
his Cristemasse / In whiche passe tyme
the Dukys of Amnarle / of Surrey / and
of Exetyr with the Erlys of Salesbury
and of Gloucetyr with other of theyr affynyte /
made prouysyon for a Dysguysynge
or a mummynge to be shewyd to
the Kynge vpon Twelfethe nyght / and
the tyme was nere at hande & all thynge
redy for the same / vpon the sayd .xii. day
came secretlye vnto the Kynge the duke
of Amnarle / and shewyd to hym that he
with y=e= other Lordys aforenamyd were
appoyntyd to sle hym in the tyme of the
fore sayd dysguysynge shewynge / wherfore
he aduysyd hym to prouyde for his 
owne suretye / At whose warnynge the
Kynge secretlye departyd from wyndesore /
and came the same nyght to London /
whereof the sayde Lordys beynge
ware / and that theyr Counceyll was bewrayed /
fledde in all haste Westwarde
But the Kynge causyd hasty pursute to
be made after them / So that shortly after
the Duke of Surrey / and the Erle of
Salysburye were taken at Syrcetyr /
where they were streyght behedyd / and
theyr Heddys sent to London and sette
vpon the Brygde / & at Oxenforde were
taken syr Thomas Blont / and syr Benetsely 
Knyghtys / and Thomas Wyntercell
Esquyer / the whiche were there 
Hedyd and Quarteryd / and theyr Heddys
sent to Lo~don Brydge / and at Prytwell
in Essex was takyn syr Iohn~ Holande
Duke of Exetyr / & after brought
to Plassby a place fast by where he was
behedyd / and after his hede was sent to
Lo~don & sette there with the other vpo~ y=e=
Brydge pyght vpo~ a stake / & nere about 
y=e= same tyme at Bristowe was taken the
<P 170R.C1>
Lorde Spencer than Erle of Gloucetyr
and there behedyd / and his Hede sent
vnto London Brydge / and in the same
yere syr Barnarde Brokeys / syr Iohn~ 
Selley / syr Iohn~ maundeley / and syr
Iohn~ Fereby Knyghtys and Clerkys
were takyn as Prysoners in the Towre
of London / and soone after foriugyd ha~ged
and hedyd / and theyr Heddys also
sette vpon London Brydge / In whiche
passe tyme / Rycharde late Kynge was
remoued frome the Castell of Ledys in
Kent and sent vnto Pounfreyt Castell
In this yere also as before is towchyd
in the .xix. yere of the .vii. Carlys / Kynge
Henrye sent vnto Calays Isabell late
Quene of Englonde / and wyfe vnto Richarde
lately Kyng / and with hyr great
Treasoure and many ryce Iewyllys as
testyfyeth the Englysshe Cronycle / and
there receyued by Frenshmen vnder safe
cunduyt passynge / and by them conueyed
vnto hyr father into Fraunce / and after
maryed vnto Charlys sone and heyer
to the Duke of Orleaunce / as before
I haue shewyd in y=e= .xxii. yere of hyr sayd
Fathers Reygne / Than it foloweth in 
the story of Kynge Henry / whan he had
fermelye consyderyd the great conspyracy
agayne hym by the forenamyd Lordys
and other persones entendyd and
Imagenyd to his dystruccyon / & agayn
releuynge Rycharde late Kynge / he in avoydynge
of lyke daunger / prouydyd 
to put the sayd Rycharde out of this present
Lyfe / and shortlye after / the Opynyon 
of moost wryters he sent a Knyght
named syr Piers of Exton vnto Pounfreyt
Castell / where he with .viii. other in 
his companye / fell vpon the sayde Rycharde
late Kynge / and hym myserably
in his Chaumbre slewe / but not without
reuengement of his deth / For or he were
<P 170R.C2>
fellyd to the grou~de he slewe of the sayd
viii.iiii. men with an Axe of theyr owne /
But lastely he was woundyd to deth by
the hande of the sayde syr Piers of Exton
& so dyed / After execucyon of which
dedely dede y=e= sayd syr Piers toke great
repentaunce / Inso moche that lamentably
he sayd alas what haue we done / we
haue now put to deth hym that hath ben
our Soueraygne and drad lorde by the
space of .xxii. yeres / by reason whereof I
shall be reprochyd of all honoure where
so I after this daye become / and all men
shall redounde this dede to my dyshonour
and shame / other opynyons of the
dethe of this noble Prynce are lefte by
wryters as by waye of Famyne & other
But this of moost Wryters is testyfyed
& alleged / Whan the deth of this Prynce
was publysshed a brode / he was after
opyn vysaged layed in the Mynster of
Pounfrayt / so y=t= all men myght knowe
an see that he was dede / and the .xii. daye
of Marche folowynge he was w=t= great
solempnyte brought thoroughe the Cytie
of London to Paulys / & there layed
open visaged agayn to the ende that his
Dethe myght be manyfestlye knowen /
whiche was doutfull to many one / and
speciallye to suche as oughte to hym fauoure /
And then after a fewe dayes the
sayd Corps was caryed vnto the Freris
of Langley and there enterryd / But after
he was remouyd by Kynge Henry y=e=
v. In the firste yere of his Reygne / and
with great Honoure and Solempnyte
conueyed vnto the Monastery of Westmynster /
and there within the Chapell
of Seynt Edwarde honourably buryed
vpon the south syde of seynt Edwardys
Shryne with this Epytaphy vpon
his Toumbe as foloweth.

[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 170V.C1>
   Whan this mortall Prynce was thus
dede and grauen Kynge Henry was in
quyet possessyon of the Realme & fande
great Rychesse y=t= before tyme to Kynge
Rycharde belonged / for as wytnessyth
Polycronycon he fande in kyng Richardys
Tresoury thre hundreth thousande
pounde of redy coyne besyde Iuellys &
other Ryche vessellys whiche were as
moche in value or more / And ouer that
he espyed in the kepynge of the Tresourers
<P 170V.C2>
handys an hundreth & l. thousande
nobles & Iewellys & other stuffe y=t= cou~tyruayled
the sayd value / and so it shuld
seme y=t= Kyng Rycharde was ryche wha~
his money & Iewellys amountyd to .vii.
C.M.li. And in the moneth of octobre & 
ende of this mayers yere was brent in
Smythfelde of London a preest named
syr Wyllyam Sawtry for certeyn poyntys 
of Heresy.

<P 170V.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I.M.CCCC.
ANNO DN~I.M.CCCC.I.\)
GOLDSMYTH IOHN~ FRAUNCES.
IOHN~ WAKELE.
(\ANNO .II.\)
WYLLYAM EBOT.}]

   In this seco~de yere of kyng
Henry and moneth of February were drawen & ha~ged
for treason a Knyght
named syr roger Claryngton
at Tybourne w=t= .ii. of his seruau~tis / y=e=
pryour of Lande / & .viii. freris mynours
or Gray frerys / of y=e= which some were bachelers 
of dyuynyte / And in this yere began 
a great discencion in Walys atwene
<P 170V.C2>
the Lorde Gray Ryffyn / & a Welsheman
named Howen of Glendore / which Howen
gatheryd to hym great strength of
Welshemen / and dyd moche harme to
that Countrey / not sparynge the Kynges
Lordshyppes / nor his people / and
lastlye toke the sayde Lorde Gray prysoner /
and helde hym prysoner tyll contrarye 
his wyll he hadde Maryed the
sayde Howens doughter / After whiche
<P 171R.C1>
Matrymony fynysshed he helde the said
Lorde stylle in Walys tyll he dyed / to the
kynges great displeasure. Wherfore
the kynge with a stronge Army spedde
hym into Walys for to subdue the sayde
Howan~ and his Adherentes / But whan
the kynge with his power was entred y=e=
Countre he with his Fawtours fledde into 
the Mountaynes and helde hym there /
So that the kynge myght nat wynne
to hym without distruccyon of his hoost
Wherfore fynally by y=e= aduyce of his lordes
<P 171R.C2>
he retournyd into Englande for that
season. In this yere also whete and other
Greynes beganne to fayle / so that a
Quarter of whete was solde at London
for .xvi.s. and derer shuld haue been had
nat ben the prouycyon of Marchauntes
that brought Rye ans Rye floure out of
Spruce wherwith this La~de was greatly
susteyned and easyd.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 172V.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I.M.CCCC.V.
ANNO DN~I.M.CCCC.VI.\)
HENRY BARTON~.
IOHN~ WOODCOK MERCER.
(\ANNO VII.\)
WYLLIAM CROWMER.}]

   In this yere / Dame Lucye y=e=
Duke of Myllanys Suster
came into Englande / & was
maryed vnto sir Edmu~d Holande
Erle of Kent in y=e= Churche of seynt
Mary Ouerey in Southwarke / vpon
the .xxiiii. day of Ianuary / where y=e= kyng
was present & gaue her that day vnto the
preest / And after the Solempnysacion
of the Maryage was fynysshed she was
with great honour conueyed vnto y=e= Bysshop
of Wynchesters palays there fast by
where y=t= day for her was holden a Sumptuous
and pompous Feast. And in y=e= same
yere & moneth of May Dame Phylip
the yongest Doughter of kynge Henry
accompanyed w=t= dyuers lordes Spirituell
and Temporal was shypped in y=e=
Northe / and so conueyed into Denmark
where in a Towne or Cytie called London
she was maryed vnto the kynge of y=e=
sayd Countre. In this yere also Sir
Thomas Ramston than Constable of y=e=
Towre by ouersyght of his Botemen /
as he wold haue passed y=e= brydge towarde
the sayd Tower was drowned. And
in the same yere for y=e= greuous complayntes
that before tyme had ben shewyd and
euydently prouyd before the kyngs counsayll /
And also before the Mayre and his
Brethern~ / of the great distrucco~n of fyre
& yonge fysshe / By reason of werys standynge 
in dyuers places of the Ryuer of
<P 172V.C2>
Thamys / wherby the fysshe of the sayd
Ryuer was greatly mynysshed and wastyd /
And that also if the sayd werys soo
contynued the sayd Ryuer shuld in short
processe be distroyed. Wherfore y=e= Mayre
and his bretherne the Aldermen as co~seruatours
of that Ryuer made suche laboure
vnto the kynge and his Counsayll
that they opteyned Co~myssion to pull vp
all the werys that stode at wene London
and .vii. myles beyone Kyngston~ / and in 
lyke wyse for such other as stode atwene
London and Grauysende as wel Crekes 
or seuerall groundes & other. The which
Co~myssion by the sayd Mayre & his Officers
was this yere put i execuco~n. And
in this yere sir Robert Knollys knyght /
the which in Fraunce and Brytayne had
before tyme don so many victoryous acts
As in the .xxxiii. yere of Edwarde the thirde
and other yeres of his Reygne is somdele
towched made an ende of his werke
at Rochester Bridge and Chapell at the
sayd brydge fote / And dyed shortly after
whan he had newe reedyfied the body of
the Whyte Fryers Churche standyng in
Fletestrete / and don to that house many
Notable Benefytes where after he was
buryed in the body of the sayd Churche /
whiche Churche & place was first Founded
by the Auncetours of the lorde Gray
Cotner~.

<P 172V.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I.M.IIII.C.VI.
ANNO DN~I.M.IIII.C.VII.\)
NICHOLAS WOTTON.
RICHARDE WHYTYNGTON~ MERCER. 
(\ANNO.VIII.\)
GODFEY BROOK.}]

   In this yere and moneth of Noue~bre
one named the Walshe Clerke
apeched a knyght called Sir Percyuall
<P 172V.C2>
Sowdan of Treason for tryall wherof
daye was gyuen to theym to fyghte in
Smythfelde the day abouesayd / at whiche 
<P 173R.C1>
daye eyther apperyd / & there Faught
a season / But in the ende the Clerke was
Recreau~t / wherfore immedyatly he was
spoyled of his Armour & layde vpon an
hardyll so drawen to Tyborne and there
hanged. And in this yere also / sir Henry 
Erle of Northumberlande and the lorde
Bardolf co~mynge out of Scotlande
<P 173R.C2>
with a stronge company to y=e= displeasur
& hurt of the kynge as they entendyd were
met and encountred with the Gentylmen
and Comons of the North & foughten
with and distressyd / And after strake
of their heddes and sent them to London
whiche than were pyght vpon the brydge
amonge many other.

<P 173R.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I.M.IIII.C.VII.
ANNO DN~I.M.IIII.C.VIII.\)
HENRY PONFREYT.
WYLLYAM STONDON~ GROCER.
(\ANNO .IX.\)
HENRY HALTON.}]

   In this yere & moneth of Decembre
began a Frost / y=e= whiche
contynued by the space of
xv. wekes after or therupon /
So that byrdes were wonderly famysshed
and distressed by vyolence of the same.
And in the same yere sir Edmonde
of Holande Erle of Kent was by the
kynge made Admyrall of the See / The
whiche storyd and skymmyd y=e= see ryght
well and manfully / And lastly landed in
the Coost of Brytayne / and besieged there
<P 173R.C2>
a Castell named Briak and wan it by
strength / But in the wynnynge therof he
was so deedly wounded with an arowe
in y=e= heed that he dyed shortly after / And
than his Corps was brought agayne into
Englande / & buryed omonge his Auncetours.
And in the begynnynge of this
yere was slayne and murderyd the Duke
of Orleau~ce in Parys lyke as before it
is more at length shewyd in the .xxvii. yere
of Charlys the .vii. kynge of Fraunce.

<P 173R.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I. M.IIII.C.VIII.
ANNO DN~I. M.CCCC.IX.\)
THOMAS DUKE.
DREWE BARENTYNE GOLDSMYTH.
(\ANNO.X.\)
WILLYAM NORTON~.}]

   In this yere the Seneshall of
Henaude came into this Lande
with a goodly Companye
of Henauders & other straungers /
for to do and parfourme certayne
Faytes of Armys agayn dyuers nobles
and Gentylmen of this lande. And firste
the sayd Seneshall chalenged the Erle
of Somerset / and other of his Company
other Gentylmen of this la~de as after
shall appere. For Executynge of whiche
disporte the place of Smythfelde by the
kynge was appoynted / And barryd and
fensyd for the same entent and daye sette
for euery man to be Redy by the .xi. daye
of [^A BLANK IN THE SOURCE TEXT^] At whiche day the Seneshall
<P 173R.C2>
as chalenger entred the Felde pompously 
And after with a goodly Company of
men of honour / was the Erle of Somerset
brought into y=e= same / where they ra~ne
togyder certayne Courses and executed
other Fayts of Armys / wherof the pryse
and honour was gyuen by y=e= Herawdes
vnto the Erle / so that he wanne that day
great honour. Than the seconde day 
came in a knyght Henauder as Chalengoure /
To whome as defendaunt came
sir Richard of Arundell kynght / the whiche
ranne certayne Courses on horse bak
And after went togyder w=t= axes on foote
where sir Richarde was put to the worse
For y=e= Henauder brought hym vpon his
<P 173V.C1>
kne. Then the thirde daye came in an
other knyght of Henaude Chalenger / to
whom as defendau~t came in Sir Iohn~ 
Cornewayll knyght / and so well bare hy~
that he put the Straunger to the worse.
Vpon the .iiii. daye came into the felde an
Esquyre Henauder agayn whom ranne
the sone of sir Iohn Cheyny / The which
at the seconde course sette his Stroke so
egerly that he ouerthrewe the Henauder
horse and man / for whiche dede the kyng
dubbyd hym forth with knyght. Vpon y=e=
v. day played togyder an Henauder and
a Squyre called Iohn~ Stewarde / whiche
daye also the Englysshe man wan y=e=
worshyp. Vpon the .vi. daye Skyrmysshed
there togyder an Henauder / and an
Englysshe Equyer named Wyllm~ Porter. /
The whiche gatte suche worshyp of
the same Henauder / that the kynge for
his guerdon made hym streyght knyght
<P 173V.C2>
Vpon the .vii. daye in lyke wyse played
Insamble an Henauder and one Iohn~
Standysshe Esquyer / The whiche semblably
for his prowesse & manly dealyng
was also of the kynge dubbyd knyght.
And a Gascoygn~ that the same day wan
the pryce of an other straunger was Immedyatly
made knyght of the kynge.
And vpon the .viii. day or last day of this 
Chalenger came into the felde .ii. Henauders
vnto whom came .ii. Bretherne beynge
Sowdyours of Calays / The whiche
Bekeryd togyder a longe season / soo
that eyther p~tie receyued plentie of good
strokes tyll peas by y=e= kynge was co~mau~dyd /
& so this Chalenge was fynysshed /
to the great honour of the kyng / the whiche
after Feasted thyse Strau~gers / and
with Ryche gyfts sent & retourned them
agayne to theyr Countrees.

<S SAMPLE 3> 
<P 174V.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I. M.IIII.C.X.
ANNO DN~I.M.IIII.C.XI.\)
IOHN~ RAYNEWELL.
ROBERT CHYCHELEY GROCER.
(\ANNO.XIII.\)
WYLLYAM COTTON~.}]

   In this yere / and vpon the .xii.
day of Octobre were thre Flodes
in Thamys / whiche thynge 
no man than lyuynge cowde
remembre y=e= lyke to be seen. And in 
this yere was the lorde Thomas sone to
the kyng created duke of Clarence. And
in this yere / the kynge at the Request of
the duke of Orleaunce sent ouer the foresayd
duke his sone to ayde the sayd duke
of Orleaunce agayne the Duke of Burgoyne /
Of whose actes and his company
<P 174V.C2>
I haue before made report in y=e= Story
of Charlys the .vii. kynge of Fraunce.
And in this yere y=e= kyng caused a new
Coyne of Nobles to be made / which were
of lesse value thanne the olde noble by.
iiii.d. in a noble. In this yere also the 
kynge Created Iohn~ his sone Duke of
Bedfordde and his other sone Humfrey
duke of Glouceter he made also sir Thomas
Beauforde Erle of Dorset / & the duke
of Anmarle he created duke of yorke.

<P 174V.C1>
[} (\ANNO DN~I. M.IIII.C.XI.
ANNO DN~I. M.IIII.C.XII.\)
RAUFFE LEUENHM~.
WYLLYAM WALDREN~. MERCER.
(\ANNO.XIIII.\)
WYLLYAM SEUENOK.}]

   In this yere / and .xx. daye of
the Moneth of Nouembre
was a great Counsayll holden
at the Whyte Freres of 
London / By the whiche it
was amonge other thynges concluded /
that for the kynges great Iournaye that
he entendyd to take in vysytynge of the
holy Sepulcre of our Lord certayne Galeys
of warre shuld be made / & other purueaunce
concernynge the same Iournay
Wherupon all hasty and possyble spede
was made / But after the feest of Cristenmasse /
whyle he was makynge his
prayers at seynt Edwardes Shryne to
<P 174V.C2>
take there his leue / and so to spede hym
vpon his Iournaye he became so syke y=t=
suche as were aboute hym feryd that he
wolde haue dyed Right there / wherfore
they for his comforte bare hym into the
Abbotts place & lodgyd hym in a Chambre /
& there vpon a paylet layde hym before
the fyre where he laye in great Agony
a certayne of tyme. At length whan he
was co~myn to hymselfe nat knowynge
where he was / freyned of suche as then
were aboute hym what place that was /
The which shewyd to hym that it belongyd
vnto y=e= Abbot of Westmynster / And
for he felte hymself so syke he co~maunded
<P 175R.C1>
to aske if that Chambre had any specyall
name wherunto it was answeryd that it
was named Iherusalem / Than sayd the
kynge louynge be to the Fader of Heuen
For nowe I knowe I shall dye in this
Chambre accordyng to y=e= Prophecye of
me beforesayd / that I shulde dye i Irl~m 
And so after he made hymself Redy & dyed
shortly after vpon y=e= day of seynt Cuthbert
or y=e= .xx. day of Marche when he had
reygned .xiii. yeres .v. monthes / & .xxi. dayes.
Leuynge after hym .iiii. So~nes / that
is to meane Henry that was kyng / Thomas
that was duke of Orleaunce / Iohn~
duke of Bedforde and Humfrey duke of
Glouceter / And the .v. was named Henry
Ryche Cardynall of Wynchester and
ii. Doughters that one beynge Quene of
Denmarke / And that other Duchesse of
Barre / as before is shewyd. Whanne
kynge Henry was deed he was conueyed
by water vnto Feuersham / and from
thens by lande vnto Caunterbury / and
there enteryd by the Shryne of Seynt
Thomas. To the foresayd Henry the Riche
Cardynall / kynge Henry had or begat
 .ii. other So~nes vpon dame Katheryne
Swynford / as before is shewyd in
the .viii. yere of Richarde y=e= seconde 
whiche were named as there is expressyd.



<B CETRAV1A>
<Q E1 NN TRAV LELAND>
<N ITINERARY>
<A LELAND JOHN>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^LELAND, JOHN.
THE ITINERARY OF JOHN LELAND IN OR ABOUT
THE YEARS 1535-1543. VOL. I, PARTS I TO III.
ED. L. T. SMITH.
LONDON: CENTAUR PRESS LTD., 1964.
I, PART I,  PP. 69.31  - 78.11     (SAMPLE 1)
I, PART II, PP. 139.10 - 149.15    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,69>
   A mile a this side Akeland Castelle I cam over a bridg of
one great arch on Gaundelesse a praty ryver rising a vj.
miles of by west: and renning by the south side of Akeland
Castelle goith a litle beneth it to the great streame of Were.
   Gaundeles rising by west cummith by Westakeland, by S.
Helenes Akeland, by S. Andreas Akeland, and by Bisshop
Akelande.
<P I,70>
   The towne self of Akeland is of no estimation, yet is ther
a praty market of corne.
   It standith on a praty hille bytween 2. ryvers, wherof Were
lyith on the north side, and Gaundelesse on the south, and
an arow shot or more benethe they meete and make one
streame, and ren to the este. And ech of these rivers hath
an hille by it, so that Bisshop Castelle Akeland standith on
a litle hille bytwixt 2. great [{hills{] .
   There was of very auncient a manor place logging to the
Bisshop of Duresme at Akeland. Antonius de Beke began
first to encastellate it, he made the greaut haulle, there be
divers pillors of black marble spekelid with white, and the
exceding fair gret chaumbre with other there.
   He made also an exceding goodly chapelle ther of stone
welle squarid, and a college with dene and prebendes yn it,
and a quadrant on the south w[{est{] side of the castell for
ministers of the college.
   Skerlaw, Bisshop of Duresme, made the goodly gate house
at entering ynto the castelle of Akeland.
   There is a fair park by the castelle having falow dere, wild
bulles and kin.
   From Bisshop Akeland to Walsingham a 7. miles, thens
to Frosterley 2. milys, thens to Stanhop 2. miles, thens to
Estgate 2. miles, thens to Westgate 2. miles, thens to Werdale
Chapel 2. miles; and al these places, saving Werdale
Chapell, be on the north side of Were.
   The Bisshop of Duresme hath a praty square pile on the
north side of Were ryver caullid the Westgate, and thereby is
a parke rudely enclosid with stone of a 12. or 14. miles yn
cumpace: it is xvj. miles up in Were Dale from Akeland
Castelle.
   There be, as I hard, sum litle ferme holdes in this
park.
   On the side of Were river is Stanop. Stanop is xij. miles
from Akeland: and is the hedde paroch of Werdale.
   Woulsingham on Were sumtime a smaul market, now
none, is a vij. miles above Akeland.
<P I,71>
   The ryver of Were risith a 8. miles above Stanope or
more. And though the upper part of Weredale be not very
fertile of corne; yet ys there very fine gresse in the dale     #
self
wher the ryver passith.
   The very hedde of Were risith of 2. smaul waters, Burnhop
and Kelope. Burnhop cummith by south and Kelhop by
north, they 2. joining make Were. Ther cummith also
Welop [{be{]k in by Kelhop.
   There resorte many redde dere stragelers to the mountaines
of Weredale.
   Weredale lying as pece of the west marches of the            #
bisshoprik 
toward Westmerland is wel wooddid: and so be the
quarters of Akeland: for by the name it apperith to have
beene ful of okes.
   Binchester now a poore villag stondith on the south side
of Were, and is but half a mile beneth Castelle Akeland.
   It stondith on the brow of an hille, and there I saw, as I
roode on the south side, a litle fosse, and (\inditia\) of old
buildinges.
   In the ploughid feeldes hard by thys village hath and be
founde Romaine coynes, and other many tokens of antiquite.
   Betwixt Akeland and Bincester is an exceding fair bridg
of one arch apon Were. There is another a litle above
Duresme caullid Thunderland Bridge.
   From Binchester to Branspeth 4. miles, al by mountaine
ground, as is about Akeland, and not fertile of corne, but
welle woddid.
   Ar I cam by a mile and more to Branspeth I passid by a
ford over Were ryver.
   The village and castelle of Branspeth stondith on a rokky
among hilles higher then it.
   On the southe west part of the castelle cummith doune a
litle bek out o the rokkes and hilles not far of.
   The castelle of Branspeth is stronly set and buildid, and
hath 2. courtes of high building. Ther is a litle mote that
hemmith a great peice of the first court. In this court be 3.
toures of logging, and 3. smaule (\ad ornamentum\) . The
<P I,72>
pleasure of the castelle is in the 2. court: and entering into
it by a great toure I saw in schochin in the fronte of it a     #
lion
rampaunt. Sum say that Rafe Nevile the first Erle of            #
Westmerland 
buildid much of this house.
   The erle that is now hath set a new peace of worke to it.
In the paroch chirch of S. Brandon at Branspeth be dyvers
tumbes of the Nevilles.
   In the quier is an high tumbe of one of them porturid with
his wife. This Neville lakkid heires males, wherapon a great
concertation rose bytwixt the next heire male and one of the
Gascoynes.
   There lyith also in a chapelle on the south side of the
quier a Countes of Westmerland sister to Bouth Archebisshop
of York. There lyith in that chapelle also the Lord Neville,
father to the erle that is now. This Lorde Nevile died his
father the erle yet lyving: wherapon the erle toke much
thought and dyed at Horneby Castelle in Richemontshir,
and ther is buried in the paroche chirch.
   The Erle of Westmerland that is now had an elder brother,
and he lyith in a litle tumbe of marble by the high altare on
the south side. And at the feete of hym be buried 4. children
of the erles that now lyvith.
   I hard at Branspeth that Rafe the first Erle of              #
Westemerland 
was buried at his college of Stanethrop by Raby. And
that another of them was buried at the freres of                #
North-Alverton.
   From Branspeth to Duresme about a 3. miles.
   Or ever I cam nere Duresme by half a mile and more I
passid over a bridge of one great arche, and another smaul,
stonding on a praty river, caullid Dernesse (^alias^)           #
Devernesse,
and a litle above that cam Broune river ynto it.
   Broune risith above Repaire park, and so cumming by it
goith after into Dernesse.
   Dernesse risith [\... TEXT INCOMPLETE IN THE MANUSCRIPT\]    #
and goith into Were
at [\... TEXT INCOMPLETE IN THE MANUSCRIPT\] 
   The towne self of Duresme stondith on a rokky hille: and
stondith as men cum from the south cuntre on the [{north{]
ripe of Were: the which water so with his course naturale in
a botom windith about, that from Elvet a greate stone bridge.
<P I,73>
of 14. arches it crepith about the toune to Framagate bridge
of 3. arches also on Were, that betwixt thes 2. bridges or a
litle lower at S. Nicolas the toune except the lenght of an
arow shot is brought (\in insulam\) : and sum hold opinion,     #
that
of auncient tyme Were ran from the place wher now Elvet
bridge is straite down by S. Nicolas now stonding on a
hille: and that the [{o{]ther course, part for pollicy and part
by digging of stones for building of the town and minstre,
was made a valley, and so the water-course was conveyid that
way, but I approve not ful this conjecture.
   The close itself of the minstre on the highest part of the
hille is welle waullid, and hath diverse fair gates. The chirch
self and the cloister be very strong and fair: and at the very
est end of the chirch is a crosse isle by side the midle crosse
isle the minstre chirch.
   The castelle stondith stately on the north est side of the
minstre, and Were rennith under it. The kepe stondith a
loft and is state buildid of viij. square fascion, and 4.       #
highes
of logginges. Bisshop Fox did much reparation of this
dungeon: and he made beside in the castelle a new kychen
with the offices and many praty chaumbers.
   Tunstal hath also done cost on the dungeon and other
places of the castel, and hath buildid a goodly new galery
and a stately stair to it, and made an exceding strong gate of
yren to the castelle.
   In that part of Duresme toun that is almost exclosid with
Were be 3. paroch chirches and a chapell. S. Oswaldes is
countid to be auncient. There be a 3. paroche chirches mo
in the suburbe.
   The greatest suburbe is by Elvet bridg, and hath certen
smaul streates.
   The suburbe over Framagate bridg hath 3. partes. the
south streat on the lift hand, the crosse streate on the midle
toward Akeland, and the 3. on the right hand, bering the
name of Framagate, and leding to Chester and to New-Castelle.
   The building of Duresme toun is meately strong, but it is
nother high nor of costely werke. There appere sum peaces
<P I,74>
of waulles of the toune joyning to a gate of the palace waul.
but the toun it self with yn the peninsula is but a smaul thing
in respect of cumpace of al the stately close: so that it
alonly may be caullid the waullid toune of Duresme.
   In the sanctuary or holy chirch yard or sanctuarie of
Duresme be very many auncient tumbes, it stondith on the
south side of the minster: and at the hedde of one of them
is a crosse of a 7. fote longe, that hath had an inscription of
diverse rowes yn it, but the scripture cannot be red. Sum
say that this crosse was brought out of the holy chirch yarde
of Lindisfarn isle.
   Weremouth is about an 8. miles from Duresme, and
about a vj. from Tinemouth, or rather Newcastel.
   There is no bridge memorable on Were beneth Duresme
but Chester bridge. Were cummith within a quarter of a
mile of the toun self [{of Chester{] .
   From Duresme over Framagate bridge to Chester in the
Streate, partely by a litle corne ground, but most by           #
mountainiouse 
pasture and sum mores and firres.
   Or I cam in Chester I saw scant half a mile of it Lomeley
Castel apon an hil, having praty wood about it, and about
Chester self is likewise sum wodde. The toune of Chester
is chiefly one streate of very meane building yn lenght: ther
is beside a smaul streat or 2. about the chirch; that is
collegiatid, and hath a dene and prebendaries, but it is of a
very meane building; and yn the body of the chirch is a
tumbe with the image of a bisshop yn token that S. Cuthberth
ons was buried or remained in his feretre there.
   At the very ende of the toune I passid over Conebrooke,
and ther is a fair stone bridge of 3. arches over it.
   Thens to Geteshed vij. miles by montaniouse ground
with pasture, heth, more, and fyrres. And a litle a this side
Getehed is a great cole pit.
   From Duresme over Elvet bridge to Sunderland bridges a
<P I,75>
2. miles and a half, there Were is devidid ynto 2. armes, and
after shortely meating makith an isle. The first bridg as I
cam over was but of one arche, the other was of 3. Thens
a mile and more of I cam over Burne broke that goith ynto
Were therabout, and a litle above on the hil is Burneham
Claxton's house. Burnham is a man of a hunderith mark
land by the yere. Then I rode thorough a great wod stonding
on a hille, and so cam by hilly, morisch and hethy ground to
S. Andres Akeland 8. miles from Duresme: and left hard on
my right hond one of the parkes of Akeland waullid with stone.
   At S. Andres Akeland the Dene of Akeland hath a great
house: especially for barnes and other houses of husbondry.
   From S. Andres Akeland to Raby Castel 5. miles, part by
arable but more by pastures and morisch hilly ground baren
of wood. Raby is the largest castel of logginges in al the
north cuntery, and is of a strong building, but not set other
on hil or very strong ground.
   As I enterid by a causey into it ther was a litle stagne on
the right hond: and in the first area were but 2. toures, one
at ech ende as entres, and no other buildid; yn the 2. area as
in entering was a great gate of iren with a tour, and 2. or 3.
mo on the right hond.
   Then were al the chief toures of the 3. court as in the hart
of the castel. The haul and al the houses of offices be large
and stately: and in the haul I saw an incredible great beame
of an hart. The great chaumber was exceding large, but now
it is fals rofid and devidid into 2. or 3. partes. I saw ther a
litle chaumber wherin was in windowes of colerid glasse al
the petigre of the Nevilles: but it is now taken doun and
glasid with clere glasse.
   There is a touer in the castel having the mark of 2.         #
capitale
B from Berthram Bulmer.
   There is another tower bering the name of Jane, bastard
sister to Henry the 4. and wife to Rafe Nevile the first Erl of
Westmerland.
   Ther long 3. parkes to Raby wherof 2. be plenishid with
dere. The midle park hath a lodge in it.
   And thereby is a chace bering the name of Langeley, and
hath falow dere: it is a 3. miles in lenght.
<P I,76>
   The king hath a forest of redde deere yn the more land at
Midleton an viij. miles west from Daraby. Dr. Noteres is
parson of Midleton.
   Stanthorp a smaul market toun is about half a mile from
Raby. Here is a collegiate chirch, having now a body and
2. isles. I hard that afore Rafe of Raby tyme ther was that
alonly that now is the south isle.
   In this south isle, as I hard, was buried the grauntfather
and grandedam of Rafe Raby, and they made a cantuarie
there. In the waul of this isle appere the tumbes and images
of 3. ladys, whereof one hath a crounet, and a tumbe of a man
child, and a flat tumbe, (\varii marmoris\) . Ther is a flat    #
tumbe
also with a playn image of brasse and a scripture, wher is
buried Richard sun and heire to Edward Lord of Bergevenny.
   This Edward was the fift sun of Daraby. Johanna Bewfort
was his mother. This Edward had another sun caullid
George, and was lord after: and he had Georg also lord, and
he left Henry now Lorde of Bergevenny.
   John by Rafes first wife was Lord Neville. Richard by
Johan his 2. wife was Erle of Saresbyri. Robert was Bisshop
of Duresme. Georg was Lord Latimer. Edward was Lord
Bergevenny, and, as I remembre, Rafe had William that was
Lord Falconbridge. Rafe Neville the first Erl of Westmerland 
of that name is buried yn a right stately tumbe [{of{]
alabaster yn the quire of Stanthorp College, and Margarete
his first wife on the lift hond of hym: and on the right hond
lyith the image of Johan his 2. wife, but she is buried at
Lincoln by her mother Catarine Swineford Duches of Lancaster.
   This Johan erectid the very house self of the college of
Stanthorp, it is set on the north side of the collegiate        #
chirch,
and is strongly buildid al of stone.
   The rennith by the north side of the college a bek caullid
Langley Bek. it risith a 5. [{miles{] of by west in the paroch
of Midleton, and cumming thorough Langeley takith the
name of it, and a mile or more beneth goith into Tese lower
then Salaby Mr. Brakenbyris place.
   From Stanthorp to Barnardes Castel by meately good
corne and pasture 5. miles. This is a meatly praty toun,
<P I,77>
having a good market and meatly welle buildid. The toun
self is but a part of Gaineford paroch, wher the hed chirch is
6. miles lower on Tese and in the bisshoprike. The castelle
of Barnard stondith stately apon Tese. The first area hath
no very notable thing yn it, but the fair chapelle, wher be 2.
cantuaries. In the midle of the body of this chapel is a fair
marble tumbe with an image and an inscription about it yn
French. Ther is another in the south waul of the body of
the chapelle of fre stone, with an image of the same. Sum
say that they were of the Bailliolles. The inner area is very
large, and partely motid and welle furnishid with toures of
great logging. ther belong 2. parkes to this castelle; the
one is caullid Marwood, and thereby is a chace that berith
also the name of Marwood, and that goith on Tese ripe up
into Tesedale.
   There is but a hil betwixt the chaces of Langeley and
Marwod.
   This is by a nere estimation the course of Tese:
   Yade More hath the hedde of Tese, then it takith a
course emong rokkes, and reseyving divers other smaul
hopes or bekkes, and cummith much by wild ground for
a 8. or x. miles to +Agleston bridge wel archid: then to
Barnard Castel bridge very fair of 3. arches: then to Perse
brid[{g{]e sumtime of 5. arches, but a late made new of 3.
arches.
   There is a prati chapel of our Lady hard by Perse bridg
[{of{] the fundation of [{John Bail{]liol King of [{Sco{]ttes.
   Thens to Crofte bridge 5. miles; and so to Yarham
bridge a [\... TEXT INCOMPLETE IN THE MANUSCRIPT\] miles; and   #
thens to Stokton, wher is a
fery, 3. miles; and so a 4. miles to Tesemouth.
   From Barnardes Castelle over the right fair bridge on Tese
of 3. arches I enterid straite into Richemontshire, that stil
streaccith up with that ripe to the very hed of Tese.
   From this bridge I ridde a mile on the stony and rokky
bank of Tese to the bek caullid Thuresgylle, a mile from
Barnardes Castelle, and there it hath a bridge of one arche
and straite enterith into Tese.
   The priory of Egleston joinith hard to this bekk and also
hanggith over the high bank of Tese.
<P I,78>
   Ther is a meatly good wood on eche side of Tese about
Barnardes Castel.
   I saw in the body of the chirch of Egleston to very fair
tumbes of gray marble. In the greatter was buried, as I
lernid, one Syr Rafe Bowes. and yn the lesser one of the
Rokesbys.
   Hard under the clif by Egleston is found on eche side of
Tese very fair marble, wont to be taken up booth by marbelers 
of Barnardes [{Castelle{] and of Egleston, and partly to
have be wrought by them, and partely sold onwrought to
other.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P I,139>
   From Farley I ridde a mile of by woddy ground to a
graung great and welle buildid, that longid to Henton-priorie
of Chartusians. This priory stondith not far of from this
graunge on the brow of an hille abouth a quarter of a mile
from the farther ripe of Frome, and not far from this place
Frome goith ynto Avon.
   I rodde by the space of a mile or more by woddes and
mountaine grounde to a place, where I saw a rude stone
waulle hard on the right hond by a great lengthe as it had
beene a park waulle. One sins told me that Henton
priory first stode there, if it be so it is the lordship of
Hethorpe that was qyven to them for their first habitation.
   And about a mile farther I cam to a village, and passid
over a ston bridge where ranne a litle broke there they
caullid Mitford-water.
   This brooke risith in the rootes of Mendip-hilles a 7.
miles or more by west south west from this bridge, and goith
about a mile lower into Avon.
   From this bridge to Bath 2. good miles al by mountayne
ground and quarre, and litle wood in syte.
   About a mile from Bath I left the way that ledith to
Bristow for them that use from Saresbyri to Bristow.
   Or ever I cam to the bridge of Bath that is over Avon I
cam doun by a rokky hille fulle of fair springes of water: and
on this rokky hille is sette a longe streate as a suburbe to    #
the
cyte of Bath: and [{in{] this streat is a chapelle of S. Mary
Magdalen. Ther is a great gate with a stone arche at the
entre of the bridge.
<P I,140>
   The bridge hath v. fair stone arches.
   Bytwixt the bridge and the south gate of Bath I markid
fair medows on eche hand, but especially on the lift hond,
and they ly by south west on the toun.
   The cite of Bath is sette booth yn a fruteful and pleasant
botom, the which is environid on every side with greate
hilles, out of the which cum many springes of pure water
that be conveyid by dyverse ways to serve the cite. Insomuch 
that leade beyng made ther at hand many houses yn
the toune have pipes of leade to convey water from place to
place.
   There be 4. gates yn the town by the names of est, west,
north and south.
   The toune waulle within the toune is of no great highth
to theyes: but without it is (\a` fundamentis\) of a reasonable
highth. and it stondith almost alle, lakking but a peace about
Gascoyn's-tower.
   In the walles at this tyme be no tourres saving over the
toune gates.
   One Gascoyne an inhabitante of the toune (\in hominum
memoria\) made a litle peace of the walle that was in decay, as
for a fine for a faught that he had committid in the cite:
wherof one part as at a corner risith higher then the residew
of the walle, wherby it is communely caullid Gascoyne-tower.
   There be divers notable antiquitees engravid in stone
that yet be sene yn the walles of Bathe betwixt the south
gate and the weste gate: and agayn betwixt the west gate
and the north gate.
   The first was an antique hed of a man made al flat and
having great lokkes of here as I have in a coine of C. Antius.
   The secunde that I did se bytwene the south and the north
gate was an image, as I tooke it, of Hercules: for he held
yn eche hand a serpent.
   Then I saw the image of a foote man (\vibrato gladio &
praetenso clypeo\) .
<P I,141>
   Then I saw a braunch with leves foldid and wrethin into
circles.
   Then I saw ij. nakid imagis lying a long, the one imbracing
the other.
   Then I saw to antique heddes with heere as rofelid yn
lokkes.
   Then I saw a grey-hound as renning, and at the taile of
hym was a stone engravid with great Romane letters, but I
could pike no sentence out of it.
   Then I saw another inscription, but the wether hath except
a few lettres clere defacid.
   Then I saw toward the west gate an image of a man embracid 
with 2. serpentes. I took, it for Laocoon.
   Betwixt the weste and the north gate.
   I saw 2. inscriptions, of the wich sum wordes were evident
to the reader, the residew clene defacid.
   Then I saw the image of a nakid man.
   Then I saw a stone having (\cupidines & labruscas
intercurrentes\) .
   Then I saw a table having at eche ende an image vivid
and florishid above and beneth. In this table was an            #
inscription 
of a tumbe or burial wher in I saw playnly these wordes:
(\vixit annos xxx\) . This inscription was meately hole but     #
very
diffusely written, as letters for hole wordes, and 2. or 3.
letters conveid in one.
   Then I saw a. 2 images, wherof one was of a nakid manne
grasping a serpent in eche hand, as I tooke it: and this
image was not far from the north gate.
   Such antiquites as were in the waulles from the north gate
to the est, and from the est gate to the south, hath been
defacid by the building of the monastery, and making new
waulles.
   I much doubte wither these antique workes were sette in
the tyme of the Romans dominion in Britayne in the waulles
of Bath, as they stand now: or wither they were gatherid of
old ruines ther, and sins set up in the walles reedified in
testimonie of thantiquite of the toun.
   There be 2. springes of whote wather in the west south
west part of the towne. Wherof the bigger is caullid the
Crosse Bath, bycause it hath a cross erectid in the midle of
it. This bath is much frequentid of people deseasid with
<P I,142>
lepre, pokkes, scabbes, and great aches, and is temperate
and pleasant, having a 11. or 12. arches of stone in the sides
for men to stonde under yn tyme of reyne.
   Many be holp by this bathe from scabbes and aches.
   The other bathe is a 2. hunderith foote of, and is lesse in
cumpace withyn the waulle then the other, having but 7.
arches yn the waulle. This is caullid the Hote Bathe; for
at cumming into it men think that it wold scald the flesch
at the first, but after that the flesch ys warmid it is more
tolerable and pleasaunt.
   Both these bathes be in the midle of a litle streat, and
joine to S. John's hospitale: so that it may be thought that
Reginalde Bisshop of Bathe made this hospitale nere these 2.
commune bathes to socour poore people resorting to them.
   The Kinges Bathe is very faire and large standing almost
in the midle of the towne, and at the west end of the           #
cathedrale 
chirch.
   The area that this bath is yn is cumpassid with an high
stone waulle.
   The brimmes of this bath hath a litle walle incumpasing
them, and in this waul be a 32. arches for men and women
to stand separately yn. To this bath do gentilmen resort.
   Ther goith a sluse out of this bath, and servid in tymes
past with water derivid out of it 2. places in Bath priorie
usid for bathes: els voide; for in them be no springes.
   The colour of the water of the baynes is as it were a depe
blew se water, and rikith like a sething potte continually,
having sumwhat a sulphureus and sumwhat onpleasant savor.
   The water that rennith from the 2. smaul bathes goit by a
dike into Avon by west bynethe the bridge.
   The water that goith from the Kinges Bath turnith a mylle,
and after goith into Avon above Bath-bridge.
   In al the 3. bathes a man may evidently se how the water
burbelith up from the springes.
   Ther be withyn the walles of Bath [\... TEXT INCOMPLETE IN   #
THE MANUSCRIPT\] paroche chirchis,
of the which the tourrid steple of the paroche chirch at the
north gate semith to be auncient.
   There is a paroche chirch and a suburbe without the
north-gate.
<P I,143>
   There is an hospital of S. John hard by the Crosse Bathe,
of the fundation of Reginalde Bisshop of Bathe.
   The toun hath of a long tyme syns bene continually most
mayntainid by making of clothe.
   There were (\in hominum memoria\) 3. clothiers at one tyme,
thus namid, Style, Kent and Chapman, by whom the toun
of Bath then florishid. Syns the death of them it hath sumwhat 
decayed.
   It apperith in the booke of the antiquitees of the late
monasterie of Bath that King Osric in the year of our Lord
676, Theodore then beyng Arche-bisshop of Cantwarbyri,
did erect a monasterie of nunnes at Bath, and Bertane was
the first abbatisse therof.
   It apperith by a charte that one Ethelmod, a great man,
gave, by the leave of King +Adelrede, in Theodore               #
tharchbisshop 
of Cantwarbyri's tyme, landes to one Bernguid
abbatisse of Bath, and to one Foulcburc.
   The book of thantiquite of the abbay of Bath makith no
great mention of any great notable doyng of Offa King of the
Merches at Bathe.
   The prior of Bath told me, that after the nunnes tyme
ther wer secular chanons in S. Peter's chirch at Bath;
paraventure Offa King of Merches set them ther, for I have
redde that Offa did a notable act at S. Peter's in Bath. Or
els the chanons cam yn after that the Danes had racid the
nunry there.
   Eadgar was a great doer and benefactor to S. Peter's at
Bath, in whos tyme monkes were yn Bathe, and sins; except
Alfarus Erl of Merch, that was a scurge of monkes, expellid
them for a tyme.
   John a phisitian, born at Tours yn France, and made
Bisshop of Welles, did obteine of Henry the first to sette his
se at Bath; and so he had the abbay landes given onto hym,
and then he made a monk prior ther, deviding the old
possessions of the monastery with hym.
   This John pullid doun the old chirch of S. Peter at Bath,
and erectid a new, much fairer, and was buried in the midle
of the presbyteri thereof, whos image I saw lying there an 9.
yere sins, at the which tyme al the chirch that he made lay
to wast, and was onrofid, and wedes grew about this John
of Tours' sepulchre.
<P I,144>
   This John of Tours erectid a palace at Bath in the south
west side of the monasteri of S. Peter's at Bath; one gret
squar tour of it with other ruines yet appere.
   I saw at the same tyme a fair great marble tumbe ther
of a bisshop of Bath, out of the wich they sayid that oyle
did distille: and likely; for his body was enbaumid             #
plentifully.
   There were other divers bisshops buried ther.
   Oliver King Bisshop of Bath began of late dayes a right
goodly new chirch at the west part of the old chirch of S.
Peter, and finishid a great peace of it. The residue of it was
syns made by the priors of Bath: and especially by Gibbes
the last prior ther, that spent a great summe of mony on
that fabrike.
   Oliver King let almost al the old chirch of S. Peter's in
Bath to go to ruine. The walles yet stande.
   King Eadgar was crounid with much joy and honor at S.
Peter's in Bath; wherapon he bare a gret zeale to the towne,
and gave very great frauncheses and privileges onto it.
   In knowledge wherof they pray in al their ceremonies for
the soule of King Eadgar.
   And at Whitsunday-tyde, at the which tyme men say that
Eadgar there was crounid, ther is a king electid at Bath every
yere of the tounes men in the joyfulle remembraunce of King
Edgar and the privileges gyven to the toun by hym. This
king is festid and his adherentes by the richest menne of the
toun.
   From Bath to Palton al by hilly ground but plentiful of
corne and grasse an eight miles.
   From Palton to Chuton by like ground about a 2. miles.
   There is a goodly new high tourrid steple at Chuton.
   From Chuton to Welles by hilly ground but lesse fruteful
partely in Mendepe about a 5. miles.
   The toune of Welles is sette yn the rootes of Mendepe
hille in a stony soile and ful of springes, whereof it hath the
name. The chefest spring is caullid Andres welles, and
risith in a medow plot not far above the est end of the
cathedrale chirch, first renning flat west and entering into
Coscumb water sumwhat by south.
<P I,145>
   The toune of Welles is large. I esteme it to lak litle of a
2. miles in cumpace, al for the most part buildid of stone.
The streates have streamelettes of springes almost yn every
one renning, and occupiyth making of cloth. Mawdelyne
was a late a great clothiar yn Wellys, and so is now his
sunne.
   The chifest of the toun lyith by est and west, and sum
parte cast out with a streat by south, in the out part wherof
was a chapelle, as sum say, of Thomas Beket.
   Ther is but one paroch chirch in Welles, but that is large,
and standith in the west part of the toun: and is dedicate to
Sainct Cuthberte.
   There is an hospitale of 24. poore menne and wymen at
the north side of S. Cuthbertes chirch, there is a cantuary
preste. The hospitale and the chapelle is buildid al in
lenghth under one roofe from west to est. Nicolas Budwith
Bisshop of Bath was founder of this, and brought it almost
to the perfection, and that that lakkid was completid by one
John Storthwayt, one of the executors of the testament of
Bubwith.
   There was an other hospitale of S. John yn the town,
stonding hard on the ripe by south of S. Andreas streme.
This hospitale was foundid by [\... TEXT INCOMPLETE IN THE      #
MANUSCRIPT\] and Hughe, bisshops.
   Clerk Bisshop of Bath had a late this house gyven to hym
by the king for the lordship of Dogmeresfeld.
   There is a conduct in the market place derivid from the
bisshopes conduct by the licens of Thomas Bekington Bisshop 
sumtyme of Bath, for the which the burgeses ons a yere
solemply visite his tumbe, and pray for hys sowle.
   There be xij. right exceding fair houses al uniforme of
stone high and fair windoid in the north side of the market
place, joining hard to the north west part of the bisshop's
palace. This cumly peace of work was made by Bisshop
Bekington, that myndid, yf he had lyvid lengger, to have
buildid other xij. on the south side of the market steede,
the which work if he had complishid it had bene a spectable
to al market places in the west cuntery.
   Wyllyam Knight, now Bisshop of Bath, buildith a crosse
in the market place, a right sumptuus peace of worke: in the
<P I,146>
extreme circumference wherof be vij. faire pillers, and in
another circumference withyn them be vj. pillers and yn the
midle of this circumference one piller; al these shaul bere a
volte, and over the volte shaul be (\domus civica\) .
   The area afore the bisshop's palace lyith est of the market
stede, and hath a fair high waul toward the market stede,
and a right goodly gate house yn it, made of late by Bisshop
Bekingtun, as it apperith by his armes. On the south side
of this area is the bisshop's palace dichid brodely and waterid
about by the water of S. Andres streame let into it. This
palace ys strongely waullid and embateld castelle lyke, and
hath in the first front a godly gate house yn the midle, and
at eche end of the front a round towr, and 2. other round
towers be lykelyhod yn the southside of the palace, and then
is ther one at every corner. The haul of the palace ys          #
exceding 
fayre. The residew of the house is large and fair.
Many bisshops hath bene the makers of it, as it is now.
   The chanons of Welles had there houses, afore the            #
translation 
of the se to Bath, wher now the bisshop's palace is.
John of Tours first Bisshop of Bath put them out, and they
syns hath buildid them a xij. very faire houses, partely on
the north side of the cimitery of the cathedrale chirch,        #
partely
without. Bishop Bekington buildid the gate house at the
west ende of the cemiterie.
   The decanes place is on the northe side of the cimitery.
   Ther is at the est ende of the cimitery a volt and a gate,
and a galery over, made by Bekington.
   From Welles to Glessenbyri about a 5. miles from north
to south west.
   Fyrst yn the toune over S. Andres water by S. John's,
aboute a quarter of a mile out of Welles I passid over a
litle broket, an arme of S. Andres water or Welles water:
And ther as I passid over it I saw hard on the lifte hand a
stone bridge of one arche. This arme shortly after joynith
yn the medowes with the principal part of Welles water.
   And about half a mile beyond this bridg I passid over
another brook caullid Coscumbe water a bigger streme then
Welles water.
   I lernid there, that Welles water metith with Coscumbe
<P I,147>
water on the right hond not far from the causey, and so go
yn one botom to the mere.
   There is a castelle on an hille in this medow about Coscumb 
water, (\cujus ruinae adhuc apparent\) , communely caullid
Fenne-Castel.
   Cosecumbe broke risith a mile above Shepton, then to
Shepton, then to Coscumb a mile. Then to Dultingcote
bridge a 3. miles. Then about a mile (\dim.\) to the bridges
yn the way betuixt Welles and Glessenbyri.
   Then a mile or more of I cam to a praty streame of water
that at the stone bridge that I passid over cam doun by the
lifte hand: and hard above the bridge of one stone arche
brake ynto 2. partes, and therby I passid over 2. litle stone
bridgges.
   Then about half a mile farther I cam to a few houses, and
so enterid into a very great playne medow of 6. or 7.
miles about in cumpace by estimation, and so passid about
a mile farther by a causey onto Hartelake bridg of one
arche of stone.
   As much of this playne medow or more as is weste of this
causey (\cis pontem de Hertlak\) is caullid Cranelmore.
   That part that lyith by est of it, is caullid Seggemore.
   The water of Sowey cummith thorough this bridge of
stone, and risith in the rootes of Mendepe-hille by est at
Doulting village owte of a welle bering the name of S.
Aldelm.
   A mile by est or ever this streame cum to Hartelak bridg
ther is an arme cast out by force out of Sowey water, and a
marsch walle made by mennys policy betwixt this arme
forcid out and the principale streame of Sowey, and this
waulle continuith to Hartelak bridge, and mile lower: and
then booth go soone after into the mere. If this marsch
waulle were not kept, and the canales of eche partes of
Sowey river kept from abundance of wedes, al the plaine
marsch ground at sodaine raynes wold be overflowen, and
the profite of the meade lost.
   From Harkeley bridg I passid by a litle bridge over the
arme of Sowey.
   As much of this more or medow ground that lyith beyond
<P I,148>
Hartelake bridge by west south west is caullid                  #
Glessenbyri-More.
   From Hartlake bridg I passid by a low about a quarter of
a mile: and then I conscendid by a litle and a litle to hilly
ground a hole miles ryding, and so enterid into Glessenbyri.
   The chief streate and longgest of the towne of Glessenbyri 
lyith by est and weste, and at the market crosse in
the west ende there is a streate by flat south and almost
northe.
   There is a market kept in Glessenbyry every weke on the
Wensday.
   Ther be 2. paroche chirchis yn Glessenbyri, S. John
Baptiste on the north side of the principal streat of the       #
toune.
This is a vary fair and lightsum chirch: and the est part of
it is very elegant and isled.
   The body of the chirch hath [\... TEXT INCOMPLETE IN THE     #
MANUSCRIPT\] arches on eche side.
The quier hath 3. arches on eche side.
   The quadrate tour for belles at the west end of the
chirch is very high and fair.
   Ther lyith on the north side of the quier one Richard        #
Atwell 
that died (\circa annum D.\) 1472. This Atwelle did
much cost in this chirch, and gave fair housing that he had
buildid in the toune onto it. In Latten called (\ad fontem\) .
   Johanna wife to Atwelle lyith buried in a lyke marble
tumbe on the south side of the quier.
   Ther lyith one Camel a gentilman in a fair tumbe in the
south part of the transept of the chirch.
   Briwetun river cummith from Briwetun x. miles of to the
west part of the toun of Glessenbyri, and so rennith to the
mere a 2. miles lower.
   Or ever this river cum to Glessenbyri by a mile it cummith
to a bridge of stone of a 4. arches comunely caullid            #
Pontperlus, 
wher men fable that Arture cast in his swerd.
   The river brekith at this bridge ynto 2. partes, wherof the
principalle goith to Glessenbyri.
   The other goith thoroug low morisch grounde, and metith
<P I,149>
again with the principal streame or ever that it goith into
the mere.
   The mere is as at high waters in winter a 4. miles in        #
cumpace, 
and when it is lest a 2. miles and an half, and most
communely 3. miles.
   This lak or mere is a good mile yn lenght: and at the
ende of it toward west it cummith again (\in alveum\) , and     #
going
about a mile it brekith ynto 2. armes, whereof the one goith
to Highe-bridge, the other to Rookes-bridge, and so the
armes goith a sundre to the by crekes.
   From Wellys by south to Doultingcote bridge of stone,
under the whiche Coscumbe water rennith about a mile al
by very ille rokky way.
   Thens I passid about a mile more by lyke ground, and
this far I saw sum store of elme wood.



<B CETRAV1B>
<Q E1 NN TRAV TORKINGT>
<N ENGL TRAVEL>
<A TORKINGTON RICHARD>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TORKINGTON, RICHARD.
YE OLDEST DIARIE OF ENGLYSSHE TRAVELL:
BEING THE HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED NARRATIVE
OF THE PILGRIMAGE OF SIR RICHARD TORKINGTON
TO JERUSALEM IN 1517.
THE VELLUM-PARCHMENT SHILLING SERIES 
OF MISCELLANEOUS LITERATURE, VI.
ED. W. J. LOFTIE.
LONDON: FIELD & TUER, YE LEADENHALLE PRESSE, 
E.C., ETC., 1884.
PP. 22.21 - 36.21   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 50.23 - 65.23   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 22>
[}FFYRST AT O=R= LONDYNG ATT JAFFE.}]

   Sonday, the xij Day of Julii, that was relique Sonday, a     #
bowt
v of the Cloke at aftyr noon, we came to Jaffe, and fell to an
<P 23>
Ankyr in the Rode ther. And in contynently we sent to           #
Jherusalem
ffor the ffather Warden of the mounte Syon to com and
se vs conducted to Jherusalem, As the custome ys.

   Wedynsday, the xv Day of Julii, the ffather Warden of        #
Bedelem
cam to vs with lordis of Jherusalem - And Rama thane
beyng turkys - The great Turke havyng in Dominyon All the
holl londe, And in shorte tyme they concludyd what sume ower
patrone should pay for o=r= tribute. And thanne we war suffered
to com on londe.

   The same Day at iij of Cloke at aftir noon, we com on londe,
And as we came owt of the boott we war receyvyd by the
Turkys and Sarrasyns, and put in to an old Cave by name and
tale, ther Screvener ever wrytyng ower namys man by man As we
entyred in the presens of the seyd lordis, And ther we lay in   #
the
same Grotte or cave all nyght upon the stynking Stable grounde,
as well nyght as Day, ryght evyll intretyd by the seyd Turkes
Mames.

   At this Jaffe begynnyth the holy londe, and to every         #
pylgryme
at the ffyrst foote that he set on the londe ther ys grauntyd
plenary remission, (\De Pena et a Culpa\) .

   At thys haven Jonas the prophete toke the see, whanne he
fledde from the sithe of our lord in Tharsis.
<P 24>
   And in the same Jaff, Seynt Petir reysid ffrom Deth Tabitam,
the servaunt of the Appostolis. And fast by ys the place where
Seynt Petir vsyd to ffyssh, And our Savior Crist Calleyd hym    #
and
seyd, sequere me.

   This Jaff was Sumtyme a grett Citee, as it appereth by the
Ruyne of the same, but nowe ther standeth never an howse but
oonly ij towers, And Certeyne Caves vnder the grounde. And
it was oon of the fyrst Cityes of the world ffounde by Japheth,
Noes sonne, and bereth yett hys name.

   Thursday, the xvj Day of Julii, at iiij of the Cloke at      #
aftyr
noone, we toke 3 assis and rode to Rama the same nyght, And
ther we war Recyvyd into Duke Philipps hospitall. And it ys
callyd so be cause Duke Philipp of Burgone, byldyd it of hys
grett Charitie to Receye Pylgryms therin. We ffound no thyng
therin, but bar walles and bar florethes, excepte oonly a well  #
of
good ffresh watir which was myche to our Comforth.

   Nevtheles ther com to vs Jacobyns and other feynyd
Cristen Peple of Sonndry Sectis, that browgth to vs mattes
ffor our mony to lye upon, And also brede, Sodying egges and
sumtyme other vetaylles as mylke Grapys, and Appyllys. And
ther we taryed all that nyght And ffriday all Day.

   A bowt ij myle from Rama ys the Towne of Lydia, wher
Seynt George suffered martydom and was hedyd. And in the
same Seynt Peter helyd Enea of the Palsey. Rama ys from Jaff x
myles, And from Jherusalem xxx myle, And vpon the right honde
goyng ffrom Rama to Jherusalem a bowxt xx myle ffrom Rama
<P 25>
ys the Castell of Emaus wher ij Discpulis of our Criste knew    #
hym
in brekyng of bred aftyr his Resurrecion as it ys well knowen   #
by
the Gospell.

   A lytyll from thens, upon an hill called Mounte Joye, lyeth
Samuell the Pphete. And a lityll ther by ys the towne of
Ramathe where Samuell was born. And of thys towne was
Joseph of Aramathia that awght the new Tumbe or Monyment
that our Savir Crist was buryed in. And a lytyll over the myd
was on the left honde ys the vale Terebynthy wher David         #
overcome
Goleam.

   ffriday, the xvij Day of Julii, a bowte vj of the Cloke att  #
aftyr
noon the Turke, compellyd vs to com owt of our hospytall at
Ramys, led vs in to the feld a myle with owt the Cetee where
stondeth ij Towers, And ther we lay in the field all night.

   Satirday, erley in the mornyng, we toke our Jorneyne         #
towardys
Jherusalem, And a bowt noon we restyd vs vndernethe the Olyff
trees And ther refresshyd vs with Such mete ond wyne as we
browght with vs from ower Shippe.

   And a bowght vj or vij of the Cloke at after noon we cam to
Jherusalem and were receyvyd into the Mounte Syon, And ther we
supped, And aftyr Supper we war lede to our hospytall callyd
Sancto Jacobo, ryght in the way to the holy Sepulcre Warde.

   Sunday, the xix Day of Julii, we cam all to Mounte Syon to
Masse, which was song ther ryght Devowtly. And thanne they      #
[^EDITION: the^] Delyved to every Pylgryme a candyll of wax     #
brennyng in his
<P 26>
honde All the masse tyme, ffor which Candyll they recyvyd of
every Pylgryme v gale ob.

   And whanne Masse was Don we went all to Dyn in the place
wher we War ryght honestely svyed.

   And at medys of the Dyner the ffather Wardyn made a ryght
holy sermon, and shewyd ryght Devoutly the holynesse of all
the blyssyd choseyn place of the holy londe, And exortyd every
man to cofession and repentaunce, And so to visite the seyd
holy placis in clennes of lyff. And with shuch Devocion as all
myghty god wold geff vnto them of hys most Speciall grace.

   And thys Sermon Don, the ffader warden gaff vs warnyng
that every man shuld provyd mete for him self and he wold fynd
vs wyne, and so he Dede all the tyme that we war ther. And
Carpetts to lay upon vs ffor the which every man pylgryme
recompenssyd the seyd ffryers at ther Devocion.

   As for bred and othe vitallys was broght to us for ower mony
by persons of Divse sects. And all way the Wardeyne of the seyd
ffrers or sum of hys Brothern by hys assigment Daly accompanyd
with vs Informyng And shewing vnto vs the holy places with in
the holy lande.

   Munday, Seynt Margaretes Day, we begane ower Pylgrymage
at the Mount Syon.
<P 27>
   ffyste the place wher the Jewys wold a restyd and take a way
the holy body of our blyssyd lady whanne the Apostys bar hyr to
the Vale of Josaphat to be buryed.

   And ther by we cam in to a place wher Seynt Petir, Aftyr     #
that
he had Denyed our lord, thryse went owt of the howse of Cayphas
in to a Cave and wept byttyrly, Whanne he hard the Coke
crow iij=es=. The place ys callyd Gallicantus.

[}PYLGRMAGIS IN TO THE VALE OF JOSOPHAT.}]

   And Thanne we Descendyd Downe by the Vale of Salamons
temple. And fyrst we cam to Torrens Cedron, which in somer
tyme ys Drye, And in wynter, and specially in lente, it ys
mervelows flowyng with rage of watir that comyth with Grett
violence thorow the vale of Josophat. And it renne be twyne the
Citee and the Mounte of Olivete, And it ys callyd as it ys be   #
for
Torrens Cedron. And over the same watir seynt Eline made a
brygge of stone whiche ys yett ther over. And many yers be for
the passion of Crist, ther [^EDITION: the^] lay over the same   #
watir a tree, ffor a
foote bryge, wheroff the holy Crosse was aftyr wardes made.
This seying Quene Saba, by the spirite of prophecie, whanne she
passyd that wey she wold nott trede thervpon, but wadyd
thorow the watir. Seying that the Savyor of all the world
shuld suffre hys Deth vpon that Tree, Ther is clene remission.

   And thus Descendyd we come to the botome of the Vale of
Josophat and begynnyth the Vale of Siloe, And they both be
but on vale, but the name Chaungeth. And att the bygynyng of
thys Vale ys a fayer Tombe in the maner of a tower              #
substancially
made, Wherin as ys sayd Absolon ys buryed. And so ever
<P 28>
ony Sarazin comyth by that Sepulcre he cast a stonne ther att
with grett violence and Dispite, by cause the seyd Absolon
pursued hys father, king David, and cause hym to flee.

   And sum other men Say it ys the sepulcre of Josophat, And
that the Vale take the name of the seyd Josophat.

   Nott far from thys place ys the myddys of the vale of        #
Josophate,
wher ys a very fayer churche in the kepyng and handys
of the Sarazyns, wherin we Descendid in to a wonde ffayer
vawght by xlviii grees. Wher ys the holy Tombe of our blyssyd
lady, wher she was buryed by the Apostoles, And aftyr that
Assumpte in to hevyn. And ther ys clene remission.

[}PYLGRYMAGES AT THE MOUNTE OF OLIVETE.}]

   Departyng owt of thys forseyd churche of ower lady, we Came
to the fote of the Mounte of Olyvete, And a lytyll Ascendyng
we came to the place vnder an holow Roke, wher our savyor
preying fell in such an Agony that he Swete watir and blode
That the Droppes ffell in grett plenty from hys eyne to the
erthe, seying, (\Pater si possibile est vt transseat a me calix #
iste
verumtamen, non sicut ego volo sed sicut tu vis ffiat voluntas
tua\) . Clene remission.

   Ther is Also the stone wher vpon the Aungell stod comfortyng
hym the same tyme.

   ffrom thens Descendyng a stonys Cast we came to the place
<P 29>
wher our savyor Crist left Petir, Jamis, and John. (\Sedete hic
Donec vadam illuc et orem. vigilate et orate.\)

   ffrom thens we assendyd in to the place wher as Seynt
Thomas the Apostill receyved the Gyrdyll of our lady whanne
she was Assumpte.

   ffrom thense we entred in to the gardeyn and visited the
place wher our savyor was takyn and where Seynt Petir Stroke
of Malcus eere.

   And therby ys the place shewyd by a token of a ston wher
Judas be trayed our Savyor to the Jewys with a kysse, And wher
the Jewis fell bakward, when Crist seyd, (\Quem queritis, Illi
autem Dixerunt Jhm nazarenum\) . And yet we ascendid mor
and came to the place wher ower Savyor Crist seying and 
beholdyng the Citie of Jherusalem vpon Palme of Sonnday wepte
vpon seing, (\Si cognovisses et tu, S. fleres, etc.\)

   ffrom thens we Ascendid mor hyer and come to a place wher
the Aungell of ower lord browght a palm vnto our blyssyd lady
shewying vnto hyr the Day of hyr Dethe.

   Also thanne we cam to the place wher our blyssyd lady Dede
reste hyr many tymes ffor werynesse whanne she went pylgrmagis
aftyr the passion of our lorde, And also hys assencion.

   Also wher the Postyllys made Crede of ower feyth.

   Also a lityll thense ys the place wher ower Savyor Crist
<P 30>
taught hys Discipulis to pray, Seying (\Cum oratis ita Dicite
Pater noster\) .

   Thanne next we went vnto the hyethe and tope of thys seyd
Mounte of Olivete, wher we founde an olde Chirche with ine the
whiche Chrche ys a fayer Tower xiij Sqware, And on the on
Syde ys a Dore, And in the myddys of the Tower ys the place
wher our blyssyd Savyor Crist Jhu ascendid vnto hevyn.          #
(\Videntibus
illis, etc.\)

   In the same Tower ys the ston vpon the whiche ower Savyor
stonding ascendid in to hevyn, in the whiche stone The prynte
Of hys holy foote yett appere, And specially of the ryght       #
foote.
Ther ys clene remission.

   And from thense we Ascendid a lytyll And come to a nother
tower Callyd Galilee and that ys the Place of the whiche
the Aungell shewyng the resurrection of our Savyor, seyd to
ys Discipulis, (\Precedet vos in Galileam ibi eum videbitis     #
sicut
predixit vobis\) . Accordyng to the promyse of our Savyor made
a for hys passion, whanne he seyd (\Postquam Resurrexero
precedam vos in Galileam\) . That ys for to sey into the seyd   #
Place
Callyd Galilee. And not in to the Region of Galilee whiche
ys ffer from thys place.

   And whanne we war on the mounte of Olivete we myghte se
pfyghtly, Vpon the Golden gate of the temple of Salomon, of
whiche gate o=r= lord rode in on Palme Sonnday. But no Cristen
man ys not suffered for to come ny it.

   Neverthelesse to them that with Devocion behold it a ffar    #
ys 
grauntyd clene remission.
<P 31>
   Thanne we Descendyng the same way that ower lorde rode 
vpon palme Sonnday, And cam to the Place wher the Chyldern
of Israell brake braunches of Olyff trees and kest in the way a
ffor ower Savyor whanne he rode on hys Asse towards Jherusalem,
And they songe, (\Osanna Benedictus qui venit in nomine
domini\) .

   And thanne be the ledyng and conductyng of ower seyd
gydes we decenddid in to the Vale of Josophat, but not the
same wey we went owte warde. Ther we Ascendid vp to the gate
of the Citee callyd Seynt Stevyns gate, ffor ther ys the Place
wher Seynt Stephen was stoyned to Deth, And wher Saule stod
and kepte hys clothes with in Jherusalem.

   And a non we entred in att the forseyd gate, and on the left
hande with in the gate ys Probatica Piscina vnder the wale of   #
the 
Temple of Salomon, in the whiche Place ower lord shewyd
many Miraclis as it ys well knowen by the Gospell.

   ffrom thence we went to the howse wher the Synnys of Mary
Mawdleyn war for govyn.

   Therby ys an other howse that sumtyme was a fayer Churche
of Seynt Anne. But now the Sarrasyns have made ther of a
muskey, that is for to sey ther Temple. And that ys the self
Place that was Seynt Annes howse. And ther She Deyed. And
in a vawght vnderneth ys the very self Place wher our blyssyd
lady was born. And ther ys Plenarie Remission.
<P 32>
   The stonys of that Place wher ower lady was born ys remedi
and consolacion to women that Travell of Chylde.

   ffrom thense we went to the howse of Herode, that ys on the
left hande of Pylates howse. And stondyth heyer vpon the        #
ffronte
of the hyll. In to the whiche howse ower Savyor was presentyd
vnto herodes by Pylates sendyng acusyd by the Jewys             #
neverthelesse.
The seyd herode Clothed hym in a white Garment and
sent hym agen to Pilate, (\Et facti sunt Amici herodes et       #
Pilatus
in illo Die, etc.\) And ij howses of Pilate and Herode be yet   #
now
the fayrest howses in Jherusalem, and specially the howse of 
king Herode.

   Item. As we passyd by the strete ther stondeth An arche
ov the way, vpon the which stondyth ij large whitht stonys.
Vpon the oon of them our Savyor stode whanne he was jugede
to Deth, And on the other stone stode Pylate whanne he
gaff Sentence that he shuld be Crucyfyed.

   The next place that we cam ys wher ower blyssyd lady stode
whanne she mette with hyr Der sonne beryng his Crosse, wher for
over myche Sorow and Dolor of harte She Sodenly fell in to a
sowne and forgetfullnesse of hyr mynde, and thys holy Place ys
callyd (\Sancta Maria De Spasimo\) . Seynt Elyne byldyd a       #
chirche
ther, but yt ys Downe. And the Sarrazins have often attempted
to bylde ther, but ther edifying wold not stonde in no wyse.

   Item, the next place ys wher the Jewes Constrayned Symeon
Cirenen, commyng from the Towne, to take the Crosse and ber
it aftyr our Savyor Criste.
<P 33>
   And from thense we went to a place callyd Bivium, that ys as
myche for to sey as a Crosse strete or a Crosse wey, wher the
women of Jherusalem stod and Sorowfully wepte whanne
our lord was lede to hys Deth, To whom he seyd wepe ye nott
vpon me ye Doughters of Jherusalem, But wepe ye vpon yower
self and vpon yower Chyldern.

   And from thense we went to the howse of (\Dives Epulonis
qui Sepultus est in Inferno\) .

   And fyrst, as our wey lay, we cam to the howse of Veronica,
whych ys from the howse of Pilate vcl pace, wher as our blyssid
Savyor impressyd the ymage of hys fface in hyr wymple
whiche ys at Rome. And it ys callyd ther the Vernacle.

   And so we visited all the long wey by which our Savyor       #
Criste
was lede from the howse of Pilate vnto the place of hys         #
Crucifying.

   And also we passyd by the gate of the Temple of the holy
Sepulcre, and in ower wey homward we cam to the Chirche
that the Jacobyns hold. In the chirche syd ys a lytyll Chapell  #
in
the whiche Chapell Seynt Jamis the mor was hedyd by king
herode.

   Also therby ys the place wher our lord Criste aftyr hys      #
Resurrecion
apperyd To mary Mawdleyn and to other Devowte
women in the hye wey as they com from hys Sepulcre, wher he
seyd on to them. Avete, And ther with they com ner hym, (\Et
tenuerunt pedes eius\) .
<P 34>
   And all theses Stacions thus visited the Day of Seynt        #
Margarete
afore rehersyd. We returnyd to the Mounte Syon to
reffressh us and ther restyd us for a Certeyn tyme.

[}PYLGRIMAGE OF THE MOWNTE SYON.}]

   A lityll from the Movnte Syon, The Chirche of the Aungellis,
wher sumtyme was the howse of Annas the Busshope, in to the
which our Savior Criste was ffyrst lede ffrom the Mownte of
Olivete, wher he sufferyd many Iniuris. And specially ther he
toke a buffet of on of the busshopps servaunts, Seying, (\Sic
respondes Pontifici\) .

   ffrom thense we went to a Chirche of Seynt Savior, wher sum
tyme stod the grett hous of Chayphas wher our blyssyd Savior
was scornyd, hys face Coverd and bobbyd, And most grevowsly
betyn and ther sufferyd many afflicions all that nyght. Ther ys
allso a lytyll cave at the Auters ende wher they shette hym     #
ynne
tyll the Jewys had taken ther counsell and Determynyd what
they wold Do with hym. And it ys yett callyd Carcer Dni.

   Ther ys also in the same place the moste parte of the grett
stonne that the Aungell as we rede Removyd ffrom the Dor of
the Sepulcre. And it is now the stone of the hye auter in the
same Churche. And the other parte of the Same stone lith yett
beffore the Sepulcre Dore.

   And ther with owt the Door in the Courte, on the left        #
honde, ys a
tree with many stonys a bowght it, wher the ministres of the    #
Jewys
<P 35>
and Seynt Petir with them warmyd them by the ffyer. And goyng
owt of the same Courte, in the hygh wey on the ryght honde, in
a Corner, ys astone wher our blyssyd lady stode whanne Petir
went owt Sore wepyng. And hys wepying was so myche that he
cowd not geff hyr non Answer whanne she inquired of hyr Swete
sonne. And ther she Desyrows to know of hyr sonne, Most
Sorrowfull a bode tyll in the mornyng That She saw them lede
hym bownde to the howse of Pilate, whethir she most Sorowfully
folowyd hym.

   A lityll from thys Chirche ther appeareth a Ruyne of an old
falyn Chirche wher thys most glorius virgine, aftyr the Deth of
our Savyor hyr sonne, Dwellyd and bode most devowtly by the
space of xiiij yerys vn to the Day of hyr Assumption. And ther
ys clene remission.

   Ther by ys the place and a stone lying wher our blyssyd lady
Died and assumptyd In to hevyn. Ther ys clene Remission.

   Ther by Also ys a parte of a stone upon the whych Seynt
John Evngeliste sayd often Masse be fore that blyssyd lady as
her Chapleyn aftyr the assencion of ower lorde.

   Ther ys Also the place shewyd by a stonne whiche ys a yard   #
of
hight, wher Seynt Mathe was Chosyn in to the Nowmber of the
Apostolys.

   ffrom thens going in to the Mownte Syon, fast by the         #
Chirche,
ys the place wher our blyssyd lady vsyd to sey hyr most Devowte
Prayers and Dayly Devowte Devocions at the Assencon of our lord
and be for.
<P 36>
   Also therby be ij stonys, upon oon of them ower Savyr Criste
vsed to sitt and preche to hys Discipls, And upon the other     #
satt
hys blyssed mother heryng hys seyd prechynges.

   Under the Chirche of the seyd Syon ys the Sepulcre or        #
byryall
of prophets and kyngs of Israell. As David, Salomon, Roboas
Abias, Asa, Jeconias, Sedechias, with many moo. In thys         #
Sepultur
ys no Cristen man suffred to entre, ffor the Sarrazins kepte    #
that
Place in grett revence and worshippe it ryght myche in ther
maner, and have made ther of ther muskey. That ys for to sey
ther Chirche or Chapell.

   Ther by ys the place wher Seynt Stevin the ij=de= tyme Seynt
Gamaliell, Seint Poules techer, Abbibas his sonne, And Nichodem
war buryed.

   Also therby ys the place wher the Pascall lambe was rostyd,
etc. And wher the watir was hett to wassh the ffete of Cristis
Discipulis.

   And Ther fast by ys the Place wher kyng David Dyd penaunce,
and made the vij Psalmys for the sleyng of Vrye, whom
he put in the forh frontt of the batell porposly to have hym
slayne to the entent that he myght the mor at liberte vse hys   #
wyff
whom he kept in advoutre.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 50>
[}PYLGRYMAGE TO Y=E= MOWNTIS OF JUDE.}]

   A bowte ij of the cloke at Aftyr none, we toke our assis at
Bethelem, ffyrst we come to the Sepulcre of the vij prophetis.
<P 51>
   Ther ys also the place wher David Slew Golyas.

   And from thense we com to the howse of Zacharie, in the
Mowntayns of Jude whych ys v myle from Bethelem, and v
from Jherusalem, in to the whiche howse of zacharie, aftyr the
salutacon of the Aungell, and the conception of Crist, The
most blyssyd virgine goyyng in to the Mowntaynes with grett
spede, entred and salutyd Elisabeth, and mad thys Swete song,
(\Magnificat anima mea Dmn\) .

   And ther by was sumtyme a Chirche that nowe ys fallyn,
wherys the place wher zacharie fulfyllyd with the holy gost
prophesyd, Saying, (\Benedictus Dns Deus Israll\) , And wher he
askyd pene and ynke, and wrotte hys sonne, (\Johes est nomen
eius\) .

   Thanne next aftyr we come to the howse of (\Symyonis Justi   #
et 
Timorati\) , the whiche recevyd Criste in hys Armys, whanne he
was presentyd in to the temple, seying, (\Nunc Dimittis Dne
svu. tuu\) .

   In ower way home wardys, ij myle from Jherusalem, we com
vnto a cloyster of Grekkys monkes, whose chyrche ys of the
holy crosse, etc., ther as the hye auter of the same Chirche
stondeth, ys the place wher the tree grew that the holy Crosse
was made.

   And ther by ys Salomons archezard, whyche ys yett a          #
Dilectable
place.
<P 52>
   Thus we cam to Jherusalem, the same Satyrday, at nyght, and
went to Mounte Syon, and ther refresshed vs and rested vs for
that nyght.

   SatyrDay, at aftyr noon, we visited places a bowyt           #
Jherusalem,
it was Seynt Jamys Day.

   ffyrst we came to an old brokyn Castyll, where the Jewys
wher gadererd to gedyr of a counsell at the tyme of the
passion of our lord, and Judas went to counsell with them to    #
the
same place. And it ys callyd now (\malu. consilium\) .

   ffrom thense we cam to Acheldemake, other wyse Callyd
(\terra Sancta\) , that was bowght with the xxx pece of silver  #
that
our Savyor was sold for by Judas. And ther ys made a grett
vowght, and ther be vij holes a bowght to cast the Dede Cristen
mens bodyes in to the seyd vowght or cave, it was so ordeynyd
and Dressyd by Seynt Elyn.

   Ther by in the Rokkes be certayne Caves, wher the Apostolys
hid them in the tyme of the passion of our lorde.

   Item, not farr from thense we cam to a fayer tree, w=t= a    #
grett
hepe of stonys a bowght it, wher Ysac, the pphete, was Sawen in
sounder by the myddys w=t= a sawe of Tree.

   Ther ys also by Ortus Olerum, ther ronnys watyr properly in
that Garden.

   Than we cam to (\Natatorium Siloe\) , wher our Savyor gaff   #
sight
to the born blynde man, a noyntyng hys eyne with Claye and
Spetyll, Saying, (\Vade, et lava in Natatoria Siloe Qui abiit   #
et
venit videns\) .
<P 53>
   And aftyr that we cam to a ffountayne wher our blyssyd lady
was wont many tymes to wasse hyr clothes, and the clothes of
ower blyssyd Savyor in hys chyldhod.

   ffrom thense we cam to the Chirche of Seynt Jamys the lesse,
in a Cave wher he hyd hym the tyme of the passion of our lord,
a vowyng that he wold never ete mete vnto the tyme he sawe
hys Mayster Criste rysen vpon Estern Day. Erly in the
mornyng ower blyssyd Savyr com to hym, and browght hym
mete, saying, Jamis, now ete, for I am rysyn.

   Item, ther by ys the Sepulcre of zacharie, the prophete. And
from thense we com to the place wher sumtyme stode the Towne
of Gethsemany, which is rehersyd in scriptur.

   Thes places thus visited, we retorynd homwarde a geyne, be
the Temple of Salomon, whiche ys callyd (\Porticus              #
Salomonis\)  .
And ther we myght se grett nowber of lampes brennyng in the
seyd Temple at the Sone sett.

   And so we went to our hospitall and restyd vs for that       #
nyght.

   The same Sonday that Seynt Annys Day, a fore noon, we
went to Bethanye, whiche ys be yon the Mownte of Olyvete ij
myle from Jherusalen. Ther we Entred in to an Old Chirche,
And Sawe the grave or monument in the which Lazarus lay iiij
Days Dede, as the Gospell sheweth, etc., whom our Savyor Crist
reysyd from the Deth to lyff.

   Not far from theinse ys the house of (\Simonis leprosi\) ,   #
whiche
preyd ower lorde to ete with hym. And ther as he Satt, Mary
mawdleyn browght Alabauster of an onyment, and satt at
<P 54>
our lordys fete, and with owt seassyng, whesshed hys fete with  #
hyr
terys, wppyng them with hyr her of hyr hede, And a noyntyd
them with hyr precious onyment. And ther our Savyr for gaff
the synnys of the sayd mary Mawdleyn.

   Thys Symon leprosus that harborowed our lorde And suche of
hys Disciplis as war Cristeyned, was aftyr warde made Bushoppe,
And he was namyd Julian. And thys ys he that men call vpon for 
good harborowe.

   Ther by ys the howse of the Martha, our lordes hostes,
 And the howse of the seyd Mary Mawdleyn, whyche we visited.
And thys Day we retornyd to Bethphage, ffrom thens our Savyr
Crist Sent ij Discipulis to Jherusalem, vpon palmys sonnday,
ffor an asse, seying, (\Ite in Castellum qd contra vos est\) .

   Thanne we made an ende of all our pylgrymags, And retornyd
to Mownte Syon to Dyner, wher we had a ryght honeste Dyner
of the wardens Costes, And at myddys of the Dyner he mad
a Ryght holy and a ffamous sermon vn ta vs. And restyd vs
ther all that Day.

   And as we went to Bethanye, ffyrst we come to the howse of
Judas, And a for hys Doore ys the place wher he hanged hym
self, (\et Crepuit medius\) .

   And ther we se the Dede see perfyghly, wher the v Citees     #
stod
that Sanke for synne.

   Munday, that was (\Septem Dormiencium\) , we com wery erly   #
in
<P 55>
the mornyng to Mounte Syon, And ther we hard messe and
brake ower fasts. Thanne we taryed long for our assys. And
thanne ther we toke humnle our leve of the holy places, And of
the most blyssyd Citee of Jherusalen. And thus with ryghth
light and Joyous hertis, by warnyng of our Dragman and guydes,
The same Day, at viiij of the cloke in the mornyng, We found
all redy, the lordes, Turkis, and Sarrasyns, Mamolukes, as well
of Jherusalem, as of Rama. And other with ther folkes, to       #
a grett
nowmber of horsemen, to condyte vs to Jaffe. And so at the
mownte Syon, we toke our assys, And Rode forthe at the
seyd tyme. And be syd the Castell of Emaus we rest vs, and
refresshyd vs with suche wyne and mete as we browght with vs
from Jherusalem, and a bowght vj of the cloke at aftyr noon, we
com to Rama, and lityd ther at the hospitall, beyng ryght wery
of that Jorney, ffor the bestys that we rode vpon, ryght weke   #
and
ryght simple, and evyll trymed to Jorney with wher we lay all
that nyght.

   Tewysday, abowzt viij or ix of the cloke, we toke our assis  #
and
cam towardes Jaffe, the Turkes constreynyd vs to tary by the
space of iiij howers, and ther we lay in the sande, and the     #
sonne
bornyng exedyngly hoote, whiche was gretly to our payne.
And ther we war ryght evyll intreated by the Turkes and
Sarrasyns many weys, and in grett fere, which war to long to
wryte.

   The same nyght, with grett Diffyculty and moche paciens, we
war Delived a borde into ower Shippe.

   And ther we lay at ankyr, wedynesday and thursday, all Day.
<P 56>
The cause was ther com many infideels and bowght many sondry
thyngs in our shippe.

   The fryday, the last Day of Julii, a bowght v of the cloke   #
in
the mornyng, we made sayle to warde Cypress homward with
ryght grett joy and solas.

   Tewysday, the iiij=th= Day of August, we come to Cypres, And
ther we lay at the Towne, whiche ys callyd Salyns, by the space
of iiij wekes and on Day.

   And whyles we lay in Cypres, many of our pylgrymes went to
see the Cityes in the Countre ther a bowght, And som visited
pylgrymages.

   A bowt iij myle from ffamagust ys an old Castell wherin
Seynt Katherine was borne, and she was the kyngs Dowghter
of that yle callyd Costus, as it is shewyd ther aswell by       #
wrytyng
as be reportt, She was martyred in the Citye of Alexandre, And
born by the handys of Aungellys to the Mownte Synay, And
ther buryed by the seyd Aungellys.

   Also the xxv Day of August, that was Seynt Bertilmews Day,
the morne aftyr Seynt Bertilmew, Decessyd Roberd Crosse, of
London, Pewterer, and was buryed in the Chirche yard in
Salyns. And xxvij Day of August, Decessyd Syr Thomas Toppe,
a prest of the west countre, And was Cast over the borde, As    #
was
many moo whos soules god assoyle. And thanne ther Remayned
in the shippe iiij Englyssh prestis moo.
<P 57>
   Wedynsday, the xxvj Day of August, a bowt x of the cloke
in the morning, we made Sayle to wardys the Rodes,              #
Neverthelesse
the wynd was soo streyneable a yens vs, that we made nott
spede, but sumtyme sealyd bakward, sumtyme forward, by the
Coste of Cipres. And thus fonde the wynde a gens vs or ellys
such calmys that we sped but lytyll of our waye.

   And aftyr that, nott in shorte tyme, we com ny the           #
mountaynes
of Turkey, in asia. And sone aftyr we passyd by Mirrea,
wher Seynt Nicholas was Bisshope.

   And thus we Sayled thorow the Gulf of Seynt Elene, otherwyse
callyd the Gulf of Satalie, And com a long the Costes of
Turkey, And ther we saw the Mowntaynes of Macedonye.

   And in the Gulfe aforseyd, Seynt Elyne kest on of the holy
nayles in to the see to sease the tempest.

   ffryday, the xxv Day of Septembre, we had siygte of the yle
of the rodes Sonnday a for the ffeste of Seynt Michell, we come
to the Rodes to Dyner, And ther myself lay seke by the space of
vj wekys.

   Off our cher and well entretyng at the rodys, And what       #
Comfort
was Don to vs, and Speciall that was seke and desesyd, by Sir
Thomas Newporte, And Mayster William Weston, And Syr
John Bowthe, and aftyrward by other Jentylmen of Englond
ther, it war to long to wrytte.

   Att the Rodes, In the Chyrche of Seynt John, ys many grett
<P 58>
reliques, The fynger of Seynt John, that he showyd ower savor
with whanne he seyd (\Ecce Agnus Dei\) .

   In the place of the lordes mysteres, ys a fayer Chapell in   #
the
whiche Chapell ther ys on of the thornys that our lorde was
corwnyd with and every good fryday from ix of the Cloke to it   #
be
x. it burgyns and waxe grene, etc.

   The morne aftyr Seynt Martyn, that was the xij Day of
nomevbr, at j of the clok att aftyr noon, I toke shippyng at    #
the
Rodis, it was a shippe of the rodys, And fryday, the xiij Day
nomebr, we com to an ylonde callyd Calamo, C myle from the
Rodes, And it pteyneth to the Rodes. Sonnday, the xv Day of
Novembre, we came to an yland callyd Meleo, vndernethe the
Domynycon of the Venescians, iij (C) myle from the Rodes, in
thys yle ys made grett plente of mylstonys, And brunstonys,
And also grett plente of Partyrege and veri good wynes.

   The wynde being ev streyght and contrarius a gens vs, that
we myght nott make no Sayle in Cristmasse wek. The same
Day that was the xxviij Day of December, at ij or iij of the    #
cloke,
at myd nyght we made Sayle. Tewysday, Seynt Thomas Day,
Erly in the morning, we Discoverd nott fare from vs iij grett
shippys. And thanne we war in Grett fere, ffor we wende they
had be Turkes, but ther war not soo. They war Cristen Men,
we made to wardes them, for to have Spoke with som of them to
know what Tydyngs they browgh owt of ffraunce, and Sodenly
on of the shippes Shott a goone at vs, And hit ower Shippe and
<P 59>
Stoke A Sonnder on of our grett Cables, god be thankyd no man
was harmyd nor hurte.

   Thanne he made vs to mayne, that ys to sey stryk Downe ower
sayles.

   The same Seynt Thomas Day the Martir, we traversed the
see, And the morow aftyr. And also Newyers Day, sumtyme
bakward, sumtyme forward, both Day and nyght, in gret fer be
the coste of Turkey.

   Satyrday, the secunday of Januarii, the wynde made well for
vs in ower way.

   Sunday, the wynde began to Ryse in the north, And munday
all Day and all nyght it blew owtrageowsly.

   Indured a wondred grett Tempest, As well by excedyng
wonders blowing of wynde as by contynuall lythynyng. So
that the capteyne, and the patron, And all the knyghtys of the
Rode, whych war ther to the nowmbyr of viiij, wendyd we
shulde a be lost.

   The same nyght, a bowte x of the Cloke, we all promysyd
pylgrymage to ower lady of grace of Missena in Cecylia. And
every man Delivered hys offeryng the same tyme to the patrone
of the shippe. Tewysday, the v Day of Januarii, we Seyleyd vp
and Down in the Gulff of Venys, ffor the wynde was so straygth
a yens vs that we myght not Kepte the Ryght wey in no wyse,
And sore we war offeryd to be dryff in to Barbaria, where
Dwellyth ower Mortall Enimys, As Turkes, Mamnoluks,
Sarrazyns, and other infidelys.
<P 60>
   Wednesday, the vj Day of Januarii, the wynde Rose a yens vs,
with grett tempest, thonnderyng and lyghtnyng all Day and all
nyght, So owtrageowsly, that we know not wher wee war.

   And thanne we putt vs all in the Mercy of god, beyng in      #
grett
peyne and woo both Day and nyght, voowyng sum of vs             #
pylgrylmages
to our blyssyd lady of Lorett in ytalya, and sum to
our lady of Walsyngham, and sum to Seynt Thomas of Cannterbury,
we that war englysshmen.

   The Patrone of our Shippe garderd mony of vs for to make
our offeryng to the iij kyngs of coloney, And as sone as we cam
on londe we shuld have Messe in the honor of them.

   And in thys fforsayd long Contynual tempeste and storme we
war Dreff bakward iij C myle.

   Thursday, the vij Day of Januarii, the Maryoners made a      #
grett
Showte, seyng to vs that they sey londe. Thanne they war glade,
and we also. And the same nyght we came to the Porte callyd
Shefelanya, vnder the Venycians, And whanne we shuld a
take the Porte Sodenly fell down and Deyde the Pylate of
our shippe, which we call lodysman. And thanne we had a grett
lose, ffor he was a good honest person, on whose Soule Jhu have
mercy.

   In thys yle ys good wynes and grett Chepe, Plente of lambes,
<P 61>
Gotys, motons, and also hennys, and capons. In all thes for
sayd yles ys growing wondyr myche licores, tyme, Sage, ffyggs,
Oryges, Pomgarnetts, smale Reysyns, which we call Reyse of
Corans.

   Whanne we lay in thys yle oftyntymes we went on londe and
hard messe, and in the yle callyd Shefelaria Dwellyd Hercules,
thys yle ys vj C myle ffrom the Rodes.

   Also a man that was born in thys yle told vs that they had
no Rayne by the space of x months, they sow ther whete
with owt Rayne, Croppyd them with owt Rayne, And made ther
wyne with owt Rayne. In thys yle we lay xxv Days.

   Sonnday, the last Day of Januarij, we made sayle to wards
Missena, in Cecyll, with lesse wynd, and munday all Day.

   Tewysday, the ij Day of Februarii, that was the Purificacon
of our lady, the wynde made well for us.

   Wedynsday, Seynt Blasies Day, the wynde Rose in the          #
Suthweste,
so contynued all Day And all nyght, and thursday all
Day and all nyght, that it put vs many tymes on Joypert of
our lyff, and sped no thyng of our Ryght weye.

   ffriday, the v Day of ffebruarii, proched nye the Cyte of
Corfew, but the wynde enforcyd So myche and so strayte a yens
vs, that our govenor Saw it was not possible for to wyne the    #
porte
of the Cite of Corfewe.

   Satyrday, that was the (\Vedasti et Amandi\) , we passyd by  #
the
<P 62>
forseyd havyn, with grett wynde, thunderyng, and lytenyng owt
of mesur, and so contynued a mervelows grett tempeste And
storme, the same day, lx or lxxx myle from Corfew, we gate an
haven a mong the Rokkes and monteyns, in grett parell,
whiche havyn ys callyd Swafane, in Turkey, And whanne we
war inne we cowd nott get owt nor kast our Anker for the
grett Depes that was ther in shorte tyme.

   They cowd not fynd no londe at iiij score fadom, Also the
grett tempest contynowd so owtrageowsly, that we war never in
such a fer in all our lyff. And at the last they kest ij grett
ankers to gedyer, And as god wold they toke hold.

   And thanne the Maryoners brake the ordinar takele of the
shippe, the somer Castyll Chambers, Dores, wyndows, and all
maner of bordys, that the wynde myght have hys cowse att more
large.

   And thanne we all promyseyd pylgrymages to our blyssyd
lady of Lorett, in Italee. The Maryorners seyng to vs they
never see nor hard of such a wynde in all their lyffs. And it   #
contynowed
the same Satyrday tyll it was myd nyght. And in the
same yle callyd Swafana, in Turkey, we a bode v days, and
Dyverse knyghes of the Rodes went on londe with ther hande
gonnes and slew horse for ther hawkes that war in the sheppe,
ther war in the shippe j C hawkes and moo.

   Thursday, the xij Day of ffebruarij, a bowte x or xj of the
<P 63>
clok at night, we made Sayle bakward j C myle to wards Corfew,
whyche we passyd by a fore, be cause our vitales war ner spent.

   ffryday, the xij Day of ffebruarij, we cam in to the havyn   #
of
Corfewe, whiche Cite and yle ys vnder the Venycianns.

   Satyrday we com on lande, yt ys a good Citie, ther           #
[^EDITION: the^] ys also a
castyll, and a stronge stonding vpon a Roke of Stone in the     #
see,
and it ys excedeynly full of peple, and Specially of Jewys.

   The same Satyrday ther Justyng and ronnyng with sperys.
Also Sonnday And Munday, And was shewyd ther many Dyverse
fetis of werre.

   In thys Citye ther ys plente of brede and wyne, and good
cher, And schase of fysshe many tymes. Ther ys also the
fayerest yle of comodites than ony man may see, And the felde
full of whete benys, wynes, and specially of Olyff trees, we    #
went
of on pylgrymage to our blyssyd lady, a myle from the Citye,    #
the
fayerst grounde that ever I saw in my lyff.

   Satirday a for the fyrst Sonnday of clene lent, the xx Day   #
of
ffebruarii, we went in to the castell a mong the Jewys, it was  #
ther
Sabaday.

   The same Day ther was a Jewe maryed, and aftyr Dyner I
saw them Danse in a grett Chamber, bothe men and women, in
Ryche apparell, Damaske, Saten, velvett, weryng a bowte ther
nekkys chenys of fine gold with many Rynggs on ther fyngers
with stonys of grett pryce, She that was Maryed, she had vpon   #
her
hede a crowne of gold. On of the Jewys be gan to syng, And
than all the women Daunsed to gedyr by the space of an ower.
<P 64>
   And aftyr that ther cam in yong men, on of them sang,
Thanne the men and women Dauncyd to geder. Aftyr that
they callyd in ther mynstrellys, and so the Dauncyd iij long
howrys.

   They be fayer women, wonderful werkes in Sylk and gold
and many goodly thyngs they have to sell in thys cetye, we a
bode ther by the space of xiiij Dayes.

   ffriday, the xxvj Day of ffebruaij, at iiij of cloke at      #
aftyr none,
we made Sayle towardes Myssena, Cecyll.

   Satyrday, the xxvij Day of ffebruarij, we lay xx from        #
Corfew,
for the wynde was so a yens vs, we myght pass no father. Ther
ys a wonder fayer Chapell of o=r= lady, and many grett myracles
ys shewyd ther, ther we bood vij Dayes.

   ffryday, the v Day of Marche, at x of the cloke in the       #
mornyng,
we made Sayle with scase wynde, and pasyd Corfew ageyne,
and so in to the Gulf of Venyse.

   Satyrday and Sonnday the wynde made well for vs.

   Munday, the viij Day of Marche, we came to Calabria,         #
perteynyng
to the kyngdom of Napolis, now vnder the kynge of Spayne.
Ther we lay by cause the wynd was a yens vs. Ther ys grett
plente of whete, and many strong Castylls stondyng, a           #
wonderfull
hyth Rokke of Stone, I never saw suche in all my lyff.

   Also ovyr the watyr on the other syd, which ys Distant a
Calabria xxiij myle, ys the yle of Cecyll in the whyche yle by
<P 65>
the see syde ys Mons Ethneus whiche brennyth both Day and 
nyght, ye may se the smoke come owt of the Toppe of it. Ther
cam owt of thys hyll fyer ronnyng Downe like as it had be a
flode of watyr in to the Citye, which stondyth by the see syd,
and brent many howses, And also Shippes that war in the havyn,
And put the City, whiche ys callyd Cathanea, in grett Juberte,
wher the holy body of Seynt Agathe lyes, And by the myracle
of the veyle of Seynt Agathe the Citee a for rehersyd was 
preservyd.

   Thursday, the xj Day of Marche, we went on londe, in
Calabria, hyred horses and mules, and rode by the space of xx
and cam to a fayer towne callyd Regio, that stondyth on the
watyr syde, and ther we lay all nyght.

   ffryday, the Day of Seynt Gregori, we toke a barke at the
forseyd Regio, and sayle over the watir to Myssena, whiche ys
xij myle ov. And ther we abode v Dayes.

   Thys Missena, in Cecyll, ys a fayer Cite and well wallyd
w=t= many fayer towers and Divse castell, the fayerst havyn for
Shippes that ev I saw, ther ys also plente of all maner of
thyngs that ys necessari for man, except clothe, that ys very
Dere ther, ffor englyssh men brynge it thedyr by watyr owt of
and a Enlong, it ys a grett long wey, iij m=l= myle and iij C   #
by
watir.



<B CEDIAR1A>
<Q E1 NN DIARY MACHYN>
<N DIARY RESIDENT>
<A MACHYN HENRY>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DIARY PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MACHYN, HENRY.
THE DIARY OF HENRY MACHYN, CITIZEN
AND MERCHANT-TAYLOR OF LONDON,
FROM A. D. 1550 TO A. D. 1563.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, XLII.
ED. J. G. NICHOLS.
LONDON: J. B. NICHOLS AND SON, 1848.
PP. 38.3  - 48.33   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 97.4  - 101.17  (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 196.8 - 201.7   (SAMPLE 3)^]

[^EDITORIAL EMENDATIONS GIVEN IN (1) ROUND OR (2) SQUARE 
BRACKETS IN THE EDITION ARE CODED AS 'EMENDATIONS', I.E.: 
     (1) INSTANCES OF ROUND BRACKETS:  [{(...){]
     (2) INSTANCES OF SQUARE BRACKETS: [{...{] ^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 38>
   The xxvj day of July cam unto the Towre my lord marqwes of
Northamton, by and my lord Robart Dudley, and the bysshop of
London, and ser Recherd Corbett; and after cam in to the Towre
my lord cheyffe justes Chamley, the lord Montyguw, at v of the
cloke at nyght.
   The xxvij day of July the duke of Suffoke, maister [{Cheke{]
the kynges scolmaster, maister Coke, [{(and){] ser John Yorke,  #
to the
Towre.
   The xxxj day of July was delevered owt of the Towre the duke
of Suffoke; and the sam day rod thrugh London my lade Elssabeth
to Algatt, and so to the qwens grace her sester, with a M=l=.
hors with a C. velvett cotes.
   The sam tyme cam to the Flett the yerle of Ruttland and my
lord Russell, in hold. The qwen[{('s){] grace mad [{sir         #
Thomas{] Jarnyngham
vyce-chamburlayn and captayne of the garde, and ser 
Edward Hastyngs her grace mad ym the maister of the horsse
the sam tym.
   [{The iij day of August the Queen came riding to London, and
so to the Tower; making her entrance at Aldgate, which was
hanged,{] and a grett nombur of stremars ha[{nging about the    #
said
gate;{] and all the strett unto Ledynhalle and unto the         #
[{Tower were
laid with{] graffvell, and all the crafts of London stood [{in  #
a row,
with{] ther banars and stremars hangyd over ther heds. Her
grace cam, and a-for her a M=l=. velvet cotes and [{cloaks{]    #
in brodere,
and the mar of London bare the mase, and the erle of
Arundell bare the sworde, and all the trumpets [{blowing{] ;    #
and
next her my lade Elssabeth, and next her the duches of          #
Norffoke,
and next her the marqwes of Exseter, [{and other{] lades; and
after her the aldermen, and then the gard with bowes and        #
gaffylens,
and all the reseduw departyd [{at Aldgate{] in gren and whyt,
<P 39>
and red and whyt, and bluw and gren, to the nombur of iij M=l=.
horse and speres and gaffelyns.
   The fenerall, the iiij day of August, of my lade Browne, the
wyche she ded in chyld-bed; with a harold and iiij banars of
armes, and mony schochyons; and a gret dolle, and many mornars,
and a gret dener to the pore and ryche; the wyff of ser Antony
Brown in Sussex.
   The v day of August cam to the Towre doctur dene of          #
Westmynster,
master Cokes.
   The sam day cam out of the Marsalsay the old bysshop of
London, Bonar, and dyvers bysshopes bryng hym home unto ys
plasse at Powlles; and doctur Cokes whent to the sam plasse in
the Marselsay that the bysshope was in.
   The v day of August cam in to the Towre my lord Ferrys
by . . . . at ix of the cloke, and so whent he a-for the
consell, and so with-in a nowre he was delevered unto ser John
Gage, constabull of the Towre, and so he had the custody of my
lord for that tyme.
   [{The Queen released from prison the lord Courtenay, soon
after created earl{] of Denshyre, and odur moo.
   And the Qwene grace mad ser Edward Hastyngs master of
the horse, and ser Thomas Jernyngham vysse-chamburlayne
and captayn of the gard, and master Rochastur master            #
controller; 
my lord marqwes of Wynchaster lord tresorer of England,
and dyvers odur offeserse, and dyvers odur.
   The vj day of August cam in-to the Towre, from [{Calais,     #
ser{]
Hare Dudley, that was gohyng in-to Franse.
   The viij day of August was bered the nobull kyng Edward
the vj, and vij yere of ys rayne; and at ys bere[{ing was{] the
grettest mone mad for hym of ys deth [{as ever{] was hard or    #
sene,
boyth of all sorts of pepull, wepyng and lamentyng; and furst
of alle whent a grett company of chylderyn in ther surples, and
clarkes syngyng, and then ys father[{('s){] bedmen, and then ij #
harolds,
and then a standard with a dragon, and then a grett nombur of
<P 40>
ys servants in blake, and then anodur standard with a whyt      #
greyhond,
and then after a grett nombur of ys of[{ficers,{] and after
them comys mo harolds, and then a standard with the hed         #
offesars
of ys howse; and then harolds, Norey bare the elmett and the
crest on horsbake, and then ys grett baner of armes in-brodery,
and with dyvers odur baners, and then cam rydyng maister        #
Clarensshuws
with ys target, with ys garter, and ys sword, gorgyusly
and ryche, and after Garter with ys cotte armur in brodery, and
then mor [{harolds{] of armes; and then cam the charett with    #
grett 
horsses trapyd with velvet to the grond, and hevere horse       #
havyng
[{a man{] on ys bake in blake, and ever on beyryng a banar-roll
[{of{] dyvers kynges armes, and with schochyon[{(s){] on ther   #
horses,
and then the charett kovered with cloth of gold, and on the
[{charett{] lay on a pycture lyeng recheussly with a crown of   #
gold,
and a grett coler, and ys septur in ys hand, lyheng in ys robes
[{and the garter about his leg, and a coat in embroidery of     #
gold;
about the corps were borne four banners, a banner of the order,
another of the red rose, another of queen Jane (Seymour) ,      #
another
of the queen's mother. After him went a goodly horse,
covered with cloth of gold unto the ground, and the master of   #
the
horse, with a man of arms in armour, which{] was offered, boyth
the man and the horsse. [{There was set up a go{]odly hersse in 
Westmynster abbay with banar [{-rolls{] and pensells, and honge
with velvet a-bowt.
   The sam day, the wyche was the viij day of August, cam to
London [{the go{]od yerle of Darbe, with iiij=xx= in cottes of  #
velvet
and oder ij C. xviij yomen in a leveray, and so to Westmynster.
   The ix day of August cam the bysshope of Wyncheaster owt
of the Towre [{(conducted){] by the yerle of Arundell to ys     #
owen
parish of sant Mare Overeys, and from thens with my lord of
Arundell to dener to Bayth plasse.
<P 41>
   The x day of August was drounyd vij men at L[{ondon{] bryge
by folij; on was master Thomas of Brygys the leyff-[{tenants{]  #
sune
and heire, and iij gentyllmen more, be-syd odur; and one . . .
   The xiij day [{(of){] August dyd pryche at Powlles crosse    #
doctur
[{Bourn{] parsun of hehnger, in Essex, the qwen[{('s){]         #
chaplen, and
ther [{was a{] gret up-rore and showtyng at ys sermon, as yt    #
[{were{]
lyke madpepull, watt yonge pepell and woman [{as{] ever was     #
hard,
as herle-borle, and castyng up of capes; [{if{] my lord mer     #
and my
lord Cortenay ad not ben ther, ther had bene grett myscheyff    #
done.
   The xvj day of August was a man sett on the pelere for       #
forgeng
of falss letters in odur mens name.
   The xvij day of August was mad a grett skaffold in           #
Westmynster
hall agaynst the morow, for the duke of Northumberland commyng
to be raynyd, with odur, as the marqwes of Northamton
and the yerle of Warwyke.
   The xviij day of August was reynyd at Westmynster hall the
marqwes of Northamton, and the duke, and th'erle of Warwyke,
and so they wher condemnyd to be had to the place that thay cam
fro, and from thens to be drane thrugh London onto Tyburne,
and ther to be hangyd, and then to be cott downe, and ther
bowells to be brentt, and ther heds to be sett on London bryge
and odur [{places{] .
   [{The xix day were arraigned at Westminster hall sir Andrew
Dudley, sir John Gates, sir Harry{] Gattes, ser Thomas Palmer,
and cast [{to be hanged and{] quartered.
   The sam day was a gret feyre at Chelsay [{beyond{]           #
Westmynster,
and ther was dyvers howsses brent, [{and{] dyvers barnes
with corne brent, to the nombur . . .
   The xx day of August dyd pryche at Powlles crosse master
Wattsun, chaplayn unto [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] , and ther    #
wher [{present all the{]
craftes of London in ther best leveray, syttyng on formes,      #
[{every{]
craft by them-seylff, and my lord mere and the aldermen, and    #
ij C.
of [{the guard,{] to se no dysquyet done.
<P 42>
   The sam day was bered master Kyrtun, alderman and marchand
tailler, and marchand of the stapull of Cales, a-for non.
   The xxj of August was, by viij of the cloke in the mornyng,  #
on
the Towre hylle a-boythe x M=l=. men and women for to have      #
[{seen{]
the execussyon of the duke of Northumberland, for the skaffold
was mad rede, and sand and straw was browth, and all the men
[{that{] longest to the Towre, as Hogston, Shordyche, Bow,      #
Ratclyff,
Lymhouse, Sant Kateryns, and the waters of the Towre,
and the gard, and shyreyffs offesers, and evere man stand in    #
order
with ther holbardes, and lanes made, and the hangman was ther,
and sodenly they wher commondyd to [{depart{] .
   And the sam tym after was send for my lord mer and the       #
aldermen
and cheyffest of the craftes in London, and dyvers of the       #
consell,
and ther was sed mas a-for the Duke [{and the rest{] of the
presonars.
   The xxj day of August was sett on the pelere ij men, on a    #
prest
and a-nodur a barbur, and boyth ther herers nayllyd to the
pelere, the parsun of sant Alberowgh with-in Bysshope-gate for
hannus wordes and sedyssus wordes aganst the qwen[{('s){]       #
magesty
hygnes at the sermon at Powlles crosse, that was the Sonday the
xiij day of August, and for the up-rore that was ther don. The  #
prest
 . . . twys.
   The xxj day of August was a proclamasyon, that no man shuld
reson aganst her grases magesty and her conselle, dohyng the
wyche she wyll doe to the honor of God and ys mother.
   The xxiij day of August was the sam prest sett on the pelere
agayne for mo w[{ordes{] .
   The sam day be-gane the masse at sant Nicolas Colabay,       #
goodly
song in Laten, and tapurs, and [{set on{] the owtter, and a     #
crosse,
in old Fysstrett.
   Item, the next day a goodly masse songe [{at{] sant Necolas
Wyllyms, in Laten, in Bredstrett.
<P 43>
   The xxv day of August was bornyd the [{Great{] Hare, the     #
grettest
shype in the world, and yt was pete and yff yt had plesyd God,
at Wolwych, [{by{] neckclygens and for lake of over-syth; the   #
furst
y[{ere of queen Mary.{] 
   The xxviij day of August ded ser John [{Haryngton{] knyght,  #
of
Rottland-shyre, with-in in Saynt Ellens, Bysshopgatt stret,     #
and from
that day that he ded tyll he was cared in-to ys contray, was    #
mas
and dirige evere day songe; and Monday the iiij day of          #
September,
[{he{] whent in-to the contray in a horse lytter, with ys       #
standard
and ys penon of armes, and after ys horsse . . . . .
with iiij pennons of armes borne a-bowt hym, and with a goodly
helmet gylt, with targett, sword, and crest, and a x dosen of
schochyons, and x dosen of pensells for a herse, and staff      #
torchys,
and a herse of wax, and a fere mageste, and the walans gylded
and frynged, and so to Ware, and so [{(forwards.){] 
   The vj day of September cam owt of the Towre my lord Ferrys,
my lord cheyff justys Chamlay, and my lord Montyguw,
unto the denes place, for ther satt the consell, and ther thay
wher delevered and dyscharged of the Towre with a grett fyne.
   The iij day of August, at Rychemond, was my lord Cortnay
created the yerle of Denshyre of owre nobulle qwene Mare.
   [{The xij day of September the citizens began to adorn the   #
city
against the Queen's coronation; to hang the streets, and        #
prepare
pageants at{] Fanchyrche and Grasse-chyrche and Leaden-hall, in
Gracyus strett, and at condutt in Cornhyll, and [{the great     #
conduit
in{] Chepe, at standard in Chepe, the crosse reparyd, [{at{]
the lytyll coundytt, a pagantt in Powlles chyrche[{-yard{] ,    #
a-nodur
pagant and mony spechys, and Ludgat nuly reparyd, and mony
chylderyn; [{at the condy{]tt in Flettstrett a pagantt, and     #
nuwe
trymmyd [{very gorg{]yously, and the strett hangyd, and plases  #
for
every cr[{aft to stan{]d seve[{(ral){]ly, mad with tymber from  #
evere 
cr[{aft{] ther standyng, and so to remane unto evere halle      #
[{for ev{]er
when they shall have nede for shyche dohyng.
<P 44>
   The xxj day of September was the obseqwe of the baron of
Dudley ser John Dudley at Westmynster, the bake-syd of Sant
Margatts; and ther was at ys beryng prestes and clarkes syngyng
in Laten, the prest havyng a cope and the clarke havyng the     #
halewater
sprynkull in ys hand, and after a mornar baryng ys standard,
and after a-nodur beyryng ys gret baner of armes gold and       #
sylver,
and a-nodur beyryng ys elmett, mantyll, and the crest a bluw    #
lyon[{('s){]
hed standyng a-pon a crowne of gold, and after a-nodur mornar
bayryng [{his{] targett, and a-nodur ys sword, and after cam    #
master
Somersett the harold bayryng ys cott armur of gold and selver,
and then the corse covered with cloth of gold to the grond,     #
and iiij
of ys men beyryng hym, and ys armes hangyd a-pone the cloth of
gold, and xij men of ys servands bayryng xij stayffs torchys    #
bornyng
to the chyrche; and in the qwer was a hersse mad of tymbur
and covered with blake, and armes apon the blake, and after the
mornars a grett compene; and a-for the durge began, the harold
cam to the qwer dore and prayd for ys soll by ys stylle, and so
began the durge song in Laten, all the lessons, and then the
harold prayd for a for masse, and so the masse songe in Laten;
and after ys helmet ofered, and cott and targatt, and after all
was endyd offered the standard and the baner of armes; and so
hom to dener, and ther was goodly ryngyng and a gret doll.
  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
   The xxj day of September was a grett wache in . . . . . 
ser Edward Hastynges, the master of the horse, in sant
G[{eorge's{] on the banke a-bowt my lord of                     #
Wynchester[{('s){] ; for
ther wher serten taken, and Sowthwarke w . . .
   The xxiiij day of September dyd pryche master doctur Fecknam
at Powlles crosse, the Sonday a-for the qwuen[{('s){]           #
crounasyon; he
mad a godly sermon as was hard in that place.
   The xxviij day of September the Qwen[{('s){] grace removed   #
from
Sant James, and so to Whyt Hall, and ther her grace took her
barge unto the Towre, and ther all the craftes and the mare and
the aldermen in bargurs with stremars and mynstrells, as        #
trumpets
<P 45>
wettes, shames, and regalls, and with a gret [{shooting{] of 
gunes tyll her grace cam in-to the Towr, and . . .
   The xxix day of September the Qwuen[{('s){] grace mad        #
knyghts of
the Bathe xv; the furst was the yerle of Devonshyre, the yonge
yerle of Surray, the iij=de= lord of Borgane, and lord          #
Barkley, the 
lord Monjoye, lord Sowche, ser Wylliam Pallet, my lord Cardyff,
the lord Wyndsore[{('s){] sune, sir [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^]  #
Ryche[{('s){] sune, sir
Clynton, ser [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] Pagett, ser Robart      #
Rochaster, ser Hare Jernyngham, 
ser Edward Dormer.
   The xxx day of September the Qwuyen[{('s){] grace cam from   #
the
Towre thrugh London, rydyng in a charett gorgusly be-sene unto
Westmynster; by the way at Fanche-chyrche a goodly pagant, with
iiij grett gyants, and with goodly speches, the geneways mad    #
yt;
at Grache-chyrche a-nodur goodly pajant of esterlyngs makyng;
and at Ledyne-hall was nodur pagant hangyd with cloth of gold,
and the goodlyst playng with all maner of musyssoners, and ther
was on blohyng of a trumpet all the day longe; at the conduyt   #
in
Cornhyll a-nodur of the sete; and [{(at){] the grett condutt    #
a-nodur
goodly on, and the standard pentyd and gyldyd, and the crosse
pentyd; and [{(at){] the lytyll conduyt a goodly pagant; in     #
Powlles
chyrche-yerde ij pagants; and ij scaffolds on Powlles stepull   #
with
stremars; and Ludgat pentyd; at the conduyd in Flett-stret a
goodly pajant and pentyd . . . . . . . . . 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
holy [^A CLOSING SQUARE BRACKET FOLLOWS THE WORD holy^]         #
water-stokes and sensers and copes . . . Westmynster
chyrche, and ther her grace hard masse, and was crounyd a-pon
a he stage, and after [{she was{] a-nontyd Qwene, the forst     #
day of
October. [{When all{] was don, her grace cam to Westmynster
hall . . . . . yt was iiij of the cloke or she whent to dener
[{or pa{]st; and ther the duke of Norffoke rod up and done the  #
hall,
my lord the yerle of Darbe he constabull, the yerle of Arundell
he boteler, and my lord of Borgane cheyff larderer, master
Dymmoke the qwyen[{('s){] champyon; and ther was [{great        #
me{]lode;
<P 46>
and the erle of Devonshyre bare the sword, and the yerle of     #
Westmorland
bare the cape of mantenans, and the erle of Shrowsbery
bare the crowne, and the duke of Norffoke [{was earl{]          #
marshall, and
the yerle of Arundell lord stuard, and the erle of Surray was   #
doer
under the duke ys grandshyr, and the erle of Woseter was
her grace[{('s){] carver that day at dener, my lord Wyndsore    #
was
[^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] ; and at the end of the tabull dynyd #
my lade Elisabeth and
my lade Anne of Cleyff; and so yt was candyll-lyght or her      #
grace
or she had dynyd, and so [{anon{] her grace toke barge.
   The ij day her grace mayd lxxiiij knyghts, the morowe after  #
her
crownnasyon, the wyche her be ther names folowyng: [\not        #
inserted
by the Diarist; but see the Illustrative Notes.\]
   The iiij day of October was cared to the Towre the           #
archebysshope 
of Yorke, and dyvers odur to [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] .
   The v day of October the Qwuen[{('s){] grace rod unto        #
Westmynster
chyrche, and ther her grace hard masse of the Holy-gost, and    #
ther
wher ij bysshopes; on delevered her the shepter and odur thyng.
Her grace rod in her parlement robes, and all the trumpeters
blohyng a-for them all; and so, after her grace had hard masse,
they whent to the Parlement howsse all to-geyther, and the      #
yerle
of Devonshyre bare the sworde, and the yerle of Westmorland
bare the cape of mayntenans.
   The xxij of October dyd pryche at Powlles doctur Westun,     #
dene
of Westmynster, and [{there at{] evere gatt in Powlles cherche
yerd wher mad, [{to prevent the breaking in of{] horses, and    #
for
grett throng of pepull, grett bars.
   The xxij day of October was bered the good [{lady{] Bowes,   #
the
wyff of ser Marten Bowesse late alderman and goldsmyth of       #
London,
with harolds, and with a C. men and women in gownes and
cotes of . . and xxiiij gownes of mantyll frys, alff men and    #
the
[{half{] women, and ys howse and the strett and the chyrche     #
hangyd
with blake clothe, and with ther armes a-pon the blake . . . .
hangyd with blake and armes, and ther wher iiij grett           #
candyllstykes
<P 47>
gyldyd, with iiij grett tapurs of . . . and ij grett whytt
branchys bornyng gyldyd, and the compeny of Clarkes, and        #
prestes;
and then cam the corpse with iiij penons of arms borne a-bowt
her . . . stayffes torchys bornyng a-bowt her with xij of ys
servands beyryng of them; and then cam the cheyffe mornars;
and then my lord mare and the swordbeyrer, and ser Hare         #
Hubbellthorne
and ser Rowland Hyll knyghtes, and mornars many,
and ij knyght[{(s){] more, and dyvers gentyllmen, and after the
craft of Goldsmyth[{(s){] ; and when all was done they whent,   #
and
the durge, so home to ys placsse; and the marow after a goodly
masse song in Laten, and a sermon, and when all was done they
whent to dener ther.
   The xxix day of October dyd pryche [\unfinished\] .
   [{The same day the new Lord Mayor went{] toward Westmynter
[{attended by the{] craftes of London in ther best leveray . . 
 . . . with trumpets blohyng and the whets playng . . . .
a goodly fuyst trymmed with banars and guns . . . waytyng
of my lord mayre[{('s){] barge unto Westmynster [{and{] all the #
craftes
bargers with stremars and banars [{of every{] craft, and so to  #
the
Cheker, and so hom-wards; my lord mayre landyd at Banard
Castyll and [{in St. Paul's{] chyrche-yerd dyd hevere craft     #
wher
set in [{array{] : furst wher ij tallmen bayreng ij gret        #
stremars [{of{]
the Marchand-tayllers armes, then cam on [{with a{] drume and a
flutt playng, and a-nodur with a gret f[{ife?{] all they in     #
blue sylke,
and then cam ij grett wodyn [{armed{] with ij grett clubes all  #
in
grene, and with skwybes bornyng . . . with gret berds and
syd here, and ij targets a-pon ther bake . . . and then cam
xvj trumpeters blohyng, and then cam in [{blue{] gownes, and
capes and hosse and blue sylke slevys, and evere man havyng a
target and a gayffelyn to the nombur of lxx . . and then cam
a duyllyll, and after the bachelars all in a leveray, and       #
skarlett
<P 48>
hods; and then cam the pagant of sant John Baptyst gorgyusly,
with goodly speches; and then cam all the kynges trumpeters
blowhyng, and evere trumpeter havyng skarlet capes, and
the wetes capes and godly banars, and then the craftes, and     #
then
the wettes playhyng, and then my lord mayre[{('s){] offesers,   #
and
then my lord mayre and ij good henchmen, and then all the
aldermen and the shreyffes, and so to dener; and after dener to
Powlles, and all them that bare targets dyd [{bare{] after      #
stayfftorches,
with all the trumpets and wettes blowhyng thrugh Powlles,
thrugh rondabowt the qwer and the body of the chyrche blowhyng,
and so home to my lord mere[{('s){] howsse.
   The v day of November dyd pryche master Feknam at sant
Mare Overays a-for non, and ther wher at ys sermon the yerle
of Devonshyre, ser Antony Browne, and juge Morgayn, and dyvers
odur nobull men.
   The sam day at after-non dyd prych master Feknam at sant
Sthevyns in Walbroke, and ther wher serten pepull mad besenes
for the sermon, and ther wher juge Browne, ser Rownland Hyll,
ser Rechard Dobes, ser John Yorke; and sum wher sent to the
mare, and to the Conter.
   [{The 13th of November were arraigned at Guildhall doctor
Cranmer, archbishop of Canterbury, the lord{] Gylfford Dudlay,
the sune of the duke of Northumberland, and my lade Jane ys     #
wyff,
the doythur of the duke of Suffoke-Dassett, and the lord        #
Hambrosse
Dudlay, [{and the{] lord Hare Dudlay, the wyche lade Jane
was proclamyd [{Queen{] : they all v wher cast for to dee.
   The xix day of November dyd pryche master Feknam at sant
Stheyns in Walbroke, and ther he mad the goodliest sermon that
ever was hard of the blessed sacrament of the body and blud for
to be after the consecracion.
   The xxiiij day of November dyd ryd in a c[{art{] Cheken,     #
parsun
of sant Necolas Coldabbay, [{round{] a-bowt London, for he sold
ys wyff to a bowcher.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 97>
   The xiiij day of November be-gane the knyll for the most     #
ryght 
reverent father in God my lord chaunseler of England, doctur 
Sthevyn Gardener, byshope of Wynchastur, and of the preve 
consell with kyng Henry the viij=th= and unto quen Mare quen    #
of 
England; and with a hersse of iiij branchys, with gylt          #
candyllstykes, 
and ij whytt branchys and iij dosen of stayffes-torchys, and 
all the qwyre hangyd with blake and armes, and a durge songe; 
and the morow masse of requiem, and alle bysshoppes and lordes 
and knyghtes and gentyllmen; and my lord bysshope Bonar of 
London did syng masse of requiem, and doctur Whyt bysshope of 
Lynkolne dyd pryche at the sam masse; and after all they whent 
to his plasse to dener.  
   The sam day at after-none was durge in evere parryche in     #
London, 
and a hersse and ryngyng, and the morow masse of requiem, 
and so prayd for after the old custom.  
   The xxj day of November at none be-gane the knyll for my 
lord chanseler, for then was the body browt to the chyrche of   #
sant 
Mare Overes, with grett compene of prestes and clarkes, and     #
alle 
the bysshopes; and my lord of London dyd exsecute the offes,    #
and 
ware ys myter; and ther wher ij goodly whyt branchys bornyng, 
and the harsse with armes and [{(tapers){] bornyng, and iiij    #
dosen of  
stayffes; and all the qwyre with blake, and ys armes; and afor  #
the 
corse the kyng of haroldes with ys cot, and with v baners of    #
ys  
armes, and iiij of emages wrothe with fyne gold and inowlle; 
and the morowe-masse iij masse, one of the Trenete, on of owre 
Lade, and [{(the){] iij of requiem for ys solle; and after to   #
dener; and 
so he was put in a hersse tyll a day that he shall be taken up  #
and 
cared unto Wynchaster to be bered ther.  
   [{The xxvj of November a stripling was whipt about London, 
<P 98>
and about Paul's cross, for speaking against the bishop{] that 
dyd pryche the Sonday a-for.  
   The iiij day of Desember was a voman [{set in the{] pelere   #
for 
beytyng of her chyld with rodes and . . . . . to peteusly; 
and the sam day was a man and a voman cared a-bowt London at 
a care-arse for baudry and . . .   
   The furst day of December was reseyvyd with pressessyon my 
lord cardenall Pole into Westmynster abbay; and ther mett hym 
x [{viij bishops,{] and the bysshope of Yorke dyd menyster with #
ys 
myter; [{and they{] whent a pressessyon a-bowt the chyrche and 
the cloyster.  
   The ix day of Desember was the parlement [{adjourned{] at    #
the 
Whyt Hall, her grace[{('s){] place-the iij yere; and so to Sant
James thrughe the parke.   
   The x day of Desember was had to the Towre ser Anthony 
Kyngston knyght, and to the Flett, and cam owt a-gayn shortely 
after.  
   The xiij day of Desember was bered at sant Androwes in the 
Warderobe master Recherd Stokdun, gentyllman of the warderobe, 
with ij goodly whyt branchys and xiij stayffes-torchys, and     #
xiij pore 
men, and thay had gownes of mantell frysse, and iiij grett      #
tapurs, 
and money mornars; and the strett hangyd with blake and armes; 
and money prestes syngyng; and the morowe masse and alffe a 
trentall of masses, and after the offeryng a sermon [{(by){]    #
a doctur 
callyd master Sydnam, a gray frere of Grenwyche.
   [{The xv day of December, before the sermon at Paul's cross
began, an old man, a shepherd,{] be-gane to spyke serten        #
thynges
and rayllyng, [{whereupon he was{] taken and carett to the      #
conter
for a tyme.
   The xviij day of Dessember be-twyn [{8 and 9{] of the cloke  #
in
the mornyng, was cared in-to Smythfeld to be bornyd on master 
[{(Philpot, archdeacon of Winchester,){] gentyllman, for        #
herese.
<P 99>
   The xx day of Dessember was bered at sant Donstones in the
Est master Hare Herdsun, altherman of London and skynner, and
on of the masturs of the hospetall of the gray frers in         #
London, with 
men and xxiiij women in mantyll fresse gownes, a hersse of 
wax, and hong with blake; and ther was my lord mare and the
swordberer in blake, and dyvers odur althermen in blake, and    #
the
resedew of the aldermen, at ys beryng; and all the masters,     #
boyth
althermen and odur, with ther gren stayffes in ther handes,
and all the chylderyn of the gray frersse, and iiij men in      #
blake 
gownes bayryng iiij gret stayffes-torchys bornyng, and then     #
xxiiij
men with torchys bornyng; and the morowe iij masses songe;
and after to ys plasse to dener; and ther was ij goodly whyt
branchys, and mony prestes and clarkes syngyng.
   The xij even was at Henley a-pon Temes a mastores Lentall 
wedow mad a soper for master John Venor and ys wyff,
and I and dyver odur neybors; and as we wher at soper, and
or whe had supt, ther cam a xij wessells, with maydens syngyng
with ther wessells, and after cam the cheyff wyffes syngyng
with ther wessells; and the gentyll-woman had hordenyd a
grett tabull of bankett, dyssys of spyssys and frut, as         #
marmelad,
gynbred, gele, comfett, suger plat, and dyver odur.
 . . . . . . . .
 . . . dwellyng in Ive-lane, stuard unto master G . . .ser
Rechard Recherdsun, prest, with ij whytt . . . . , xij          #
stayfftorchys, 
and iiij grett tapurs, a dolle, and a knell at Powlles, and
a-nodur at sant Feyths.
   The xxij day of January whent in-to Smythfeld to berne       #
betwyn
vij and viij in the mornyng v men and ij women; on of the
men was a gentyllman of the ender tempull, ys nam master
Gren; and they wer all bornyd by ix at iij postes; and ther     #
wher 
a commonment thrughe London over nyght that no yong folke
<P 100>
shuld come ther, for ther the grettest [{number{] was as has    #
byne
sene at shyche a tyme.
   The v day of Feybruary was bered master Cry[{stopher{]       #
Allen,
sum-tyme altherman of London, in sant . . . in London, with iij
dosen torchys, on dosen of [{staff{]-torchys, ij whyt           #
branchys, and
iiij grett tapurs, and pore men and women had gownes, and ther
wher mony mornars in blake, a lx; and the xxviij was the
monyth[{'s mind?{]
   The viij day of Feybruary dyd pryche at Powlles crosse       #
master
Peryn, a blake frere, and at the sam sermon was a prest, on ser
Thomas Samsun, dyd penanse for he had ij wyffes, and a shett
abowt hym, and a tapur in ys hand bornyng a-for the precher,
and the mayre of London and the althermen and worshephull men,
and mony odur.
   The xij day of January was bered in Essex master Leygett,
justes of pesse, with ij whyt branchys and a v dosen of         #
torchys,
and iiij gret tapurs and a gret dolle, and mony mornars, and a
gret dener; and shroyff sonday was ys monyth myne, and ij
dosen stayffes more, and a grett dolle to the pore  and a ij    #
dosen
skochyons.
 . . . . . . . . . .
 . . . . . . . . Grenwyche, and to the courtt gatt for the
Spaneardes and odur, one master Kayes kepyng [{there{] tavarne
and vetell.
   The xxiiij day of Feybruary was the obsequies of the most
reverentt father in God, Sthevyn Gardener, docthur and bysshope
of Wynchastur, prelett of the gartter, and latte chansseler of  #
England,
and on of the preve consell unto Kyng Henry the viij and
unto quen Mare, tyll he ded; and so the after-none be-gane the
knyll at sant Mare Overes with ryngyng, and after be-gane the
durge; with a palle of cloth of gold, and with ij whytt         #
branchys,
and ij dosen of stayffe-torchys bornyng, and iiij grett         #
tapurs; and
<P 101>
my lord Montyguw the cheyffe mornar, and my lord bysshope of 
Lynkolne and ser Robart Rochaster, comtroller, and with dyvers
odur in blake, and mony blake gownes and cotes; and the morow
masse of requeem and offeryng done, be-gane the sarmon; and so
masse done, and so to dener to my lord Montyguw[{('s){] ; and   #
at ys
gatt the corse was putt in-to a wagon with iiij welles, all     #
covered
with blake, and ower the corsse ys pyctur mad with ys myter on
ys hed, with ys and ys armes, and v gentyll men bayryng ys v 
banars in gownes and hods, then ij harolds in ther cote armur,
master Garter and Ruge-crosse; then cam the men rydyng,         #
carehyng
of torchys a lx bornyng, at bowt the corsse all the way; and 
then cam the mornars in gownes and cotes, to the nombur unto 
ij C. a-for and be-hynd, and so at sant Gorges cam prestes and
clarkes with crosse and sensyng, and ther thay had a grett      #
torche
gyffyn them, and so to ever parryche tyll they cam to           #
Wynchaster,
and had money as money as cam to mett them, and durge and
masse at evere logyng. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 196> 
   The xxviij day of Aprell ther was a man sett on the pelere 
[{for{] lewd wordes and slanderers wordes.  
   The xxv day of April, was sant Markes day, the Quen[{('s){]  #
grace 
supt at Beynard castyll at my lord of Penproke[{('s){]          #
p[{lace,{] and 
after supper the Quen[{('s){] grace rowed up and downe Temes,   #
and 
[{a{] C. bottes at bowte here grace, with trumpettes and        #
drumes and 
flutes and gones, and sqwybes horlyng on he to and fro, tyll x  #
at 
nyght, or her grace depertyd, and all the water-syd st ...      #
with 
a M. pepull lokyng one here grace.  
   The furst day of May ther was ij pennys was dekyd with 
stremars, baners, and flages, and trumpetes and drumes and      #
gones, 
gahyng a Mayng, and a-ganst the Quen[{('s){] plasse at          #
Westmynster, 
and ther they shott and thruw eges and oregns on a-gaynst 
a-nodur, and with sqwybes, and by chanse on fell on a bage of 
gune-powdur and sett dyvers men a'fyre, and so the men drue to 
on syd of the penus, and yt dyd over-swelmed the pennus, and 
mony fell in the Temes, butt, thanke be God, ther was but on 
man drownyd, and a C. bottes abowtt here, and the               #
Quen[{('s){] 
grace and her lordes and lades lokyng out of wyndows; thys was 
done by ix of the cloke on May evyn last. 
  The xxix day of Aprell at Dowgatt in London ther was a mayd 
dwelling with master Cotyngham, on of the quen[{('s){] pulters; #
the 
mayd putt in-to a pott of [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] serten     #
powyssun and browth 
them unto her mastores, and to iiij of her servandes, and they  #
dyd 
<P 197>
ett them; and as sone as they had ett them thay be-gane to      #
swell 
and to vomett peteusle; and ther cam a good woman causyd to 
be feychyd serten dolle of salett owylle to drynke, and thanke 
be to God they be-gayne to mend and never one ded of ytt.  
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
and servandes, and ther herers nayled to the pe[{llory,{] . .   #
was 
thes ij persunes have dullysly gyffen poyssun [{to their{]      #
mastores 
and ther howshold, and ether of them ij handes cute off.  
   The x day of May the parlement was endyd, [{and the{]        #
Quen[{('s){] 
grace whent to the parliament howsse.  
   The xj day of May the sam fellow and the [{maid{] was sett   #
on 
the pelere a-gayne, and ther thodur handes cut off for the sam 
offens.  
   The xij day of May be-gane the Englys [{service{] in the     #
quen[{('s){] 
chapell.  
   The xv day of May dyd pryche at Powlles [{cross{] master 
Gryndalle, and ther was the quens consell, the duke of          #
Norfoke, 
my lord keper of the seylle, and my lord of Arundell, my lord 
treysorer, my lord marques of Northamtun, my lord admerall, my 
lord of Sussex, my lord of Westmorland, my lord of Rutland,     #
and 
mony mo lordes and knyghtes, my lord mare and the althermen; 
and after sermon done they whent to my lord mayre to dener, 
and my lord Russell.         
   The xxj day of May dyd pryche at Powlles crosse master
Horne, and ther was my lord mayre and the althermen and mony
juges and sergantes of the law, and a grett nombur of pepull    #
to the
nombur [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^]
   The xxiij day of May cam from be-yonde the see out of        #
France 
and landyd at Towr-warff, and cam thrugh London, and unto my
lord bysshope of London docthur Benard, monser Memeranse
ij sunes, and . . . unto ys palles to ly; and mony              #
lord[{(s){]
and nobull men browth them to their logying.
<P 198>
 . . . . . . . . . . . .
 . . attes and mony mo for serten Frenche-men.
   The xxiiij day of May the inbassadurs the Frenche [{were{]
browth from the byshope[{('s){] palles by land thrugh
Flet-street
[{unto{] the quen's pales to soper, by the most nobull men ther
was a-bowt the cowrt, and ther was the hall and the [{privy{]
chambur and the grett chambur of pressens hangyd with ryche 
clothes of arres, as ever was sene, and the cloth [{of{] state  #
boyth
hall and grett chamburs, and they had as [{great{] chere at     #
soper,
and after a bankett as goodly as has be[{en seen,{] with all    #
maner
musyke tyll mydnyght, for they wher [\unfinished\]
   The xxv day they wher browt to the cowrt with musyke to
dener, for ther was gret cher; and after dener to b[{ear{] and  #
bull
baytyng, and the Quen[{('s){] grace and the embassadurs stod in #
the
galere lokyng of the pastym tyll vj at nyght; and after they    #
whent
by water unto Powll wharff, and landyd, and contenent unto ther
logyng to the byshope of London[{('s){] to soper, for ther wher #
gorgyus
aparell as has bene sen in thes days.
   The xxvj day of May they whent from the byshope[{('s){]      #
howsse to 
Powlles warff, and toke barge, and so to Parys garden, for ther
was boyth bare and bull baytyng, and the capten with a C. of
the gard to kepe rowm for them to see the baytyng.
   The sam day was a proclamassyon of v of the actes; on was
for [\unfinished\]
   The thursday the xxv day of May master John Whyt altherman
and grocer ys chyld was cristened in lytyll sant Barthelmuw
be-syd sant Antonys; thes wher the god-fathers' names, my lord 
marques of Wynchester now lord tresorer of England, and my
lord byshope of Wynchester docthur Whytt, and the god-moder
my lade Laxtun, lat the wyffe of ser Wylliam Laxtun latt mare
of London and grocer; and after ther was waferers and epocras
grett plente; and after they whent home to the plasse, with the
<P 199>
chyld nam[{(ed){] John Whytt; the wyche wyff was master Raff
Grenway altherman and grocer of London wyff.
   [{The xxviij day of May . . . . . . . . . . . . .
bisho{]pryke of yt by quen Mare, [{for that he had{] a wyff,    #
and
odur maters that he was fayn to . . .
   The sam day the inbassadurs of France whent [{away,{] and
toke barge toward Grayffhend and they had . . . . gyftes
gyffyne them, and they cared money mastiffs [{with{] them for   #
the
wolf, and [\unfinished\]
   The xxj day of May was bered at sant [{Andrew's{] in the
Warderobe mastores Boswell, the wyff [{of . . .{] Boswell
clarke of the wardes, with ij whytt branchys . . , the wyche    #
she
ded with chyld, and a dosen and [\unfinished\]
   The xxx day of May was mared in the parryche of sant         #
Andrews 
in the Warderobe, master Mathuw, draper, unto the dowther
of master Wylliam Blakwell, towne-clarke of [{London?{] the
mornyng; and they wher mared in Laten, and masse, and after 
masse they had a bryd cupe and waffers and epocras and          #
muskadyll 
plente to hevere body; and after unto master Blakwell[{('s){]
plasse to bryke-fast, and after a grett dener.
   The ij day of Juin was bered at lytyll sant Baythelmuw my 
lade Barnes, the wyff of ser George Barnes, knyght, and late
mare of London; and she gayff to pore men and powre women
good rosett gownes a [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] , and she       #
gayffe to the powre men
and women of Calles [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] a-pesse, and she #
gayff a C. blake
gownes and cottes; and ther she had penon of armes, and master
Clarenshux kyng of armes, and ther was a xx clarkes syngyng
afor her to the chyrche with blake and armes; and after master
Horne mad a sermon, and after the clarkes song (\Te Dewn 
laudamus\) in Englys, and after bered with a songe, and a-for   #
songe
the Englys pressessyon, and after to the place to dener; ser
Wylliam Garrett cheyff morner, and master Altham and master
<P 200>
Chamburlayn, and her sunes and doythurs; ther was a nobull
dener.
   [{The vj day of June saint George's feast was kept at        #
Windsor;{]
the yerle of Pembroke was the [{Queen's substitute,{] lord      #
Montycutt 
and my lord of . . . . ; ther was stallyd at that tyme
the duke of [{Norfolk{] , my lord marques of Northamtun, and    #
the
yerle of [{Rutland{] , and my lord Robart Dudley the master of  #
the
quen[{('s){] horse, nuw mad knyghtes of the Garter, and ther    #
was gret
[{feasting{] ther, and ther be-gane the comunion that day and
Englys.
   The xxix day of May was depreved of ys byshopepryke of
London doctur Boner, and in ys plasse master Gryndall; and
[{Nowell{] electyd dene of Powlles, and the old dene depreved,  #
master
[{Cole{] .
   The xj day of June dyd pryche at Powlles master [{Sandys{] ,
and ther was my lorde mayre and the althermen, and my lord of
Bedford, and with dyvers odur nobull men; and postulles masse
mad an end that day, and masse a' Powlles was non that day, and
the new dene toke possessyon that was afore, by my lord of      #
Bedford,
and thys was on sant Barnabe day; and the sam nyght
thay had no evyng-song at Powlles.
   The sam nyght abowtt viij of the cloke at nyght the          #
Quen[{('s){]
grace toke her barge at Whyt hall, and mony mo barges, and rod
a-longe by the banke-syd by my lord of Wynchaster[{('s){]       #
place, and
so to Peper alley, and so crost over to London syd with drumes
and trumpetes playhyng ard be-syd, and so to Whyt hall agayne
to her palles.
   The xviij day of June dyd pryche at Powlles crosse docthur
Juell, and ther was my lord mare and the althermen and master
comtroller of the quens howse ser Edward Rogers, and mony mo,
boyth men and women.
   The xxj day of June was v bysshopes deprevyd, the bysshope
of Lychfeld and Coventre, and the bysshope of Carley, the
<P 201>
bysshope of Westchester, the bysshope of Landaffh, and the
bysshope of ... [^NO TEXT SUPPLIED BY THE EDITOR^] .
   The xxiij day of June was electyd vj nuw byshopes, com from 
beyond the see, master Parker bysshope of Canturbere, master
Gryndall bysshope of London, docthur Score bysshope of          #
Harfford,
Barlow Chechastur, doctur Bylle of Salysbere, doctur Cokes
[{(of){] Norwyche.  



<B CEDIAR1B>
<Q E1 NN DIARY EDWARD>
<N JOURNAL EDWARD VI>
<A EDWARD VI>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DIARY PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^EDWARD VI.
TEXT:  THE DIARY OF EDWARD VI.
LITERARY REMAINS OF KING EDWARD
THE SIXTH, VOL. II.
BURT FRANKLIN RESEARCH & SOURCE
WORKS SERIES, 51.
ED. J. G. NICHOLS.
NEW YORK, 1963 (1857).
PP. 255.4 - 273.8   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 353.1 - 371.3   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 460.9 - 468.1   (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 255>
[} [\1550. -APRIL.\] }]

   2. The parliement proroged to the secund day of the terme in
Octobre next ensuyng.
   3. Nicholas Ridley, befor of Rochester, made bishop of       #
London,
and received his othe.
   Thomas Thirlby, befor of Whestmuster, made bishop of         #
Norwich,
and received his othe.
   5. The bishop of Chichestre, befor a vehement affirmer of    #
transubstantiation, 
did preach against [{it{] at Whestmuster in the 
preching place.
   Removing to Grenwich from Whestmuster.
   6. Our hostiages passed the narowseas between Dover and
Cales.
   7. Mon. de Fern~in, gentilman of the kinges privi chamber,
passed from the French king by England to the Scottish quen, to
tel her of the paix.
   An ambassadour came from Gostav the Suethin King, called
Andre, for a surer amiti touching marchandis.
<P 256>
   9. The hostiages delivered on both the sides, for the        #
ratification
of the league with Fraunce and Scoteland, forbicaus som said to
mon. Rochepot, lieutenant, that mon. de Guyse, father to the
marquis of Means, was ded, and therefor the delivery was put    #
over
a day.
   8. My lord Warwic made general warden of the North, and
mr. Herbert president of Walis, and the one had graunted to him
a 1000 marc land, th'other 500, and lord War[{wick{] 100        #
horsmen
at my [\altered to King\] charge.
   9. Licencies signed for the whole counsel, and certaine of   #
the
privi chamber, to kepe amonge them 2290 [\above is written      #
2340\]
retainers. 
   10. My lord Som[{erset{] taken into the counsel. Guidotti,   #
the
<P 257>
beginner of the talk for peax, recompensed with knightdom, a
thousand crounes reward, a 1000 crounes pension, and his son    #
with
250 crounes pencion.  Certen prisoners for light maters         #
dismissed.
Agreed for delivery of French prisoners taken in the warris.    #
Petre
Van sent embassadour to Venice.  Lettres directed to certein    #
Irish
nobles to take a blind legat coming from the pope, calling      #
himself
bishop of Arcman.  Commissions for the delivery of Boulein,
Lodres, and Dunglas.
   6. Thre Fleminges men of war wold have passed our shippes
without veling bonet, wich the[{y{] seing, shot at them, and    #
drove
them at lenght to vaile bonet, and so depart.
   11. Mon. Trimoul, mon. vicedam de Char[{tres{] , and mon.    #
Henaudie[{re{] , 
cam to Dover; the rest taried at Cales til thei had leave.
   12. Order taken that whosoever had benefices given them      #
shuld
preach befor the King in or out of Lent, and every Sonday ther
shuld be a sermon.
   16. The thre hostiages aforsaid cam to London, being met at
Detford with the lord Graye of Wilton, lord Bray, with divers   #
other
gentilmen to the nomber of twenty, and serving men an hundred,
and so brought into the cite`, and lodged there, and kept       #
houses
every man by themself.
   18. Mr. Sidney and mr. Nevel made gentlemen of the privey
<P 258>
chamber. Commission given to the lord Chobham deputy of Cales,
sir William Petre chef secretary, and sir Jhon Mason, French
secretary, to see the French king take his oth, with certein
instrucion; and that sir Jhon Mason shuld be embassadour        #
ligier.
   Commission to sir John [{Maurice{] Denis and sir Wiliam      #
Sharington
to receive the first paiment and deliver the quittaunce.
   19. Sir Jhon Mason taken into the previe counsel, and        #
William
Thomas mad[{e{] clerk of the same.
   Wheras the Emperour's embassadour desired leav[{e{] by       #
lettres
patentes that my ladi Mary might have mass, it was denied him;
and wher he said we brake the legue with him by making peax
<P 259>
with Scotland, it was answered, that the French king and not I  #
did
comprehend them, saving that I might not invad[{e{] them        #
without
occasion.
   10. Lodres being besieged of the Scotis, the captain,        #
hering that
the peax was proclaimed in England, deliverid it as the peax    #
did
will him, taking sureties that al the bargaines of the peax     #
shuld
be kept.
   18. Monsiur de Guyse died.
   20. Ordre taken for the chambre that three of th' utter      #
previe-chamber
gentlemen shuld alwaies be here, and tow lie in the palat,
and fill the rom[{e{] of on[{e{] of the foure knightes; that    #
the esquieres
shuld be diligent in ther office; and 5 gromes shuld be alwaies
present, of wich on[{e{] to watch in the bedchamber.
   21. The marquis du Means, the duc d'Anguien, and the         #
constable's 
sone arrived at Dover.
<P 260>
   23. Mons. Trimouille and the vicedam of Chartres and mons.
Henaudiere cam to the court, and saw the ordre of the garter,   #
and
the knightes with the souverain receive the communion.
   24. Certein articles touching a straighter amytie in         #
marchandis
sent to the king of Suethen, being these: First, if the king    #
of 
<P 261>
Suethen sent bullion, he shuld have our commodites, and pay noe
toll.  Secundly, he shuld bring bullion to non other prince.    #
Thirdly,
if he brought ozymus, and stele, and cooper, etc., he shuld     #
have our
commodites and pai custom as an Englishman. Forthly, if he
brought any other, he shuld have free entrecours, paing custom  #
as
a strangier, etc.  
   It was answerid to the duc of Brunswic, that wheras he       #
offered
<P 262>
service with 10,000 men of his band, that the war was endid;    #
and
for the mariage of my lady Mary to him, ther was talk for her
mariag with th'enfant of Portungal, wich being determined, he
shuld have answere.
   25. The lord Clinton captain of Bolein, having sent away     #
befor al
his men saving 1800, and al his ordonnaunce saving that the     #
treaty
did reserve, issued out of the towne with these 1800,           #
delivering it to
mons. Chastillon, receiving of him the six hostagies English, a
<P 263>
quittaunce for delivery of the towne, and save-conduyt to com   #
to
Cales, whither when he cam[{e{] he placed 1800 in the           #
emperour's
frontieres.
   27. The marquis du Means, conte d'Anguien, and the           #
constable's
son wer received at Blakheth by my lord of Rutland, my lord     #
Gray
of Wilton, my lord Bray, my lord Lisle, and divers gentlemen,   #
with
al the pensionaries to the nombre of 100, besid a great nomber  #
of
serving men.
   It was grauntid that my lord of Somerset shuld have al his   #
movebal
goodes and lesses [{leases{] , except thos that be alredie      #
given.
   The kinges of Seuthen embassadeur departid home to his       #
master.
   29. The conte d'Anguien brother to the duke of Vendosm, and
next heir to the croun after the kinges children, the marquis   #
de
Means brother to the Scottish quen, and mons. Montmorency the
<P 264>
constable's sone, cam to the court, wher thei war received      #
with much
musike at diner.
   26. Certein wer taken that went about to have an             #
insurrection in
Kent upon May-day following, and the priest who was the cheaf
worker ran away into Essex, wher he was laid for.
   30. Dunglas was deliverid, as the treaty did require.

[}MAY.}]

   2. Jhon [{Joan{] Bocher, otherwis Jhon [{Joan{] of Kent,     #
was burnt
for holding that Christ was not incarnat of the Virgin Mary,    #
being
condemned the yere befor, but kept in hope of conversion; and   #
the 30
of April the bishop of London and the bishop of Elie were to    #
perswad
her.  But she withstode them, and reviled the preacher that     #
preached
at her death.
<P 265>
   The first paiment was paied at Cales, and received by sir    #
Thomas
[{Maurice{] Dennis and mr. Sharington.
   4. The lord Clinton, befor captain of Bolein, come to the    #
courte,
where, after thankes, he was mad Admirall of England, upon the
surrendre of th'erle's of Warwic patent.  He was also taken     #
into
the previe counsel, and promised farther reward.  The           #
capitaines
also and officers of the town wer promised rewardes.  Mons. de
Brisay also passed by the court to Scoteland, where at          #
Grenwich he
cam to the King, telling him that the French king wold see      #
that if
he laked any commodite that he had, he wold give it him, and
likewis wold the constable of Fraunce, who then bar al the 
swinge. 
   5. The marquis du Means departid into Scoteland with mons.   #
de
Brisay, to comfort the quen of the death of the duc of Guise.
<P 266>
   6. The M=r= of Askin and mon. Morret's brother came out of
Scoteland for th'acceptacion of the peax, who after had         #
pasport to
goe into Fraunce.
   7. The councel drue a boke for every shier, who shuld be     #
lieutenants 
in them, and who shuld tary with me;  but the lieutenants
<P 267>
wer appointed to tary till Chastillon's, Sarcy, and Bouchetel's
coming, and then to depart.   
   9. Proclamation was mad that the soldiars should returne to
their mansions; and the mair of London had charge to loke       #
thorowgh
al the wardes, to take them, and send them to thear countries.
   The det of thirty thousand pound and ode money was put over
an yere, and ther was bought 2500 cinqtales of pouder.
   11. Proclamation was made that al wolwinders shuld take an
<P 268>
oth that the[{y{] wold make good cloth ther as the lord         #
chauncelour
wold apoint them, according to an acte of parliement made by
Edward the thirde.
   7. The lord Cobham, the secretary Petre, and sir Jhon Mason
cam to the French king to Amyens, going on his journey, wher    #
thei
were received of al the nobles, and so brought to thear         #
loginges,
wich were wel dressed.
   10. The French king toke the othe for th'acceptation of the
treaty.
   12. Our embassadours departid from the French court, leving  #
sir
Jhon Mason as legier.
   14. The duke of Somerset was taken into the prive chambre,   #
and
likewise was the lord admirall [{Clinton{] .
   15. It was apointed that al the light horsmen of Bolein and  #
the
men of armes shuld be paid their wages, and be led by the lord  #
marquis 
of Northampton, capitain of the pensionaries, and al the gard
of Bolein under the lord admiral.  Also that the chiefest       #
capitaines
shuld be sent, with 600 with them, to the strenghthening of the
frontieres of Scoteland.
<P 269>
   The comprehension of peax with Scoteland was accepted so     #
fare
as the league went, and sealed with the [\unfinished\] .
   16. The maister of Eskin departed into Fraunce.  
   17. Removing to Whestmuster from Grenwich.
   18. The French king came to Bolein to visit the pieces       #
lately
delivred to him, and to apoint an ordre and stay in thinges     #
there;
wich done, he departid.
   19. Peter Van went as embassadour to Venice, and departid
from the court with his instruccions.
   20. The lord Cobham and sir Wiliam Petre cam hom from ther
journey, delivering both the oth, the testimoniall of the oth,  #
witnessid 
by divers noblemen of Fraunce, and also the treaty, sealed
with the great seal of Fraunce; and in the oth was confessid    #
that I
was Suprem Hed of the Church of England and Irlan[{d{] , and    #
also
King of Irland.
   23. Mon. Chastil[{lon{] and Mortier, and Bouchetel,          #
accompanied
<P 270>
with the Ringrave, Dandelot, the constable's secound sone, and
Chenault the ligier, cam to Durasme place, where in their       #
journei
thei wer met by mr. tresoror [{Cheyne{] and threscore gentlemen #
at
<P 271>
Whulwhich, and also saluted with great peales both at Whulwich,
Dettford, and the Towre.
   24. The embassadours came to me, presenting the ligier, and  #
also
delivering lettres of credaunce from the French king.
<P 272>
   25. The embassadours came to the court, where thei saw me    #
take
the oth for th'acceptation of the treaty, and afterward dined   #
with
me; and after diner saw a pastime of tenne against tenne at the
ring, wherof on th'on[{e{] sid[{e{] were the duke of            #
Sowthfolk, the vicedam, 
the lord Lisle, and seven other gentlemen, appareled in yelow;
on the other, the lord Stra[{nge{] , mons. Henadoy, and yeight  #
other,
in blew.
   26. The embassadours saw the baiting of the bearis and       #
bullis.
   27. The embassadours, after thei had hunted, sat with me at
souper.
   28. The same went to see Hampton court, where thei did hunt,
and the same night retourne to Durasme place.
<P 273>
   25. One that, by way have mariage, had thought to assemble
the peple, and so to make an insurrection in Kent, was taken by
the gentlemene of the shier, and afterward punished.
   29. The embassadours had a fair souper made them by the duke
of Somerset, and afterward went into the tems [{on the          #
Thames{] and
saw both the beare hunted in the river, and also wilfier cast   #
out of
botis, and many prety conceites.
   30. The embassadours toke ther leve, and the next day        #
departid. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 353>
  
  13. Proclamacion signed touching the calling in of            #
testornes and
grotes, that they that list might cum to the minte and have     #
fine
silver of twelve pence for tow testornes.
   3. Prior de Capua departed the French kinges service, and    #
went
to his ordre of knightes in Malta, partly for displeasur to the
conte Villars, the conestable's brother in law, partly for      #
that Malta
was assayled often by the Turkis.
   7. Sir Thomas Paulmer came to th'erl Warwike, since that
time duke of Northumberland, to deliver him his cheine, being   #
a
very faire one, for every lince wayed ane ounce, to be          #
delivered to 
Jarnac, and so to receive as much. Wherupon in my lord's        #
gardein
he declared a conspiracye. How, at St. George's day last, my    #
lord of
Somerset, (who then was going to the North, if the master of    #
the
hors, sir William Harbert, had not assured him on his honour    #
that
he shuld have no hurt,) went to rayse the peple, and the lord   #
Grey
before, to know who were his frendes. Afterward a devise was    #
made
to call th'erl of Warwike to a banket, with the marq[{uess{] of
Northampton and divers other, and to cutte of there heades.     #
Also
if he found a bare company about them by the way, to set apon
them.
   11. He declared also that mr. Vane had 2,000 men in          #
readines.
Sir Thomas Arrondel had ashuerid my lord, that the Towre was
sauf. Mr. Partrige shuld raise London, and take the great seale
<P 354>
with the printes [{apprentices{] of London. Seymour and Hammon
should wayt apon him, and al the hors of the gend'armory
shuld be slayne.
   15. Removing to Westmister, bicaus it was thought this       #
matter
might easlier and surelier be dispachid there, and likewise al
other.
   14. The duke sent for the secretary Cicel to tell him he     #
suspected
some ill. Mr. Cicel answerid that if he were not gilty he       #
might be
of good courage; if he were, he had nothing to say but to       #
lament
him. Wherupon the duke sent him a lettre of defiaunce, and      #
called
Paulmer, who after denial mad[{e{] of his declaracion was let   #
goe.
   16. This morning non was at Westmister of the conspiratours.
The first was the duke, who came, latter then he was wont, of   #
himself.
After diner he was apprehendid. Sir Thomas Paulmer on
the tarrase walking there. Hammon, passing by mr.               #
vice-chamberlaines
doore, was called in by Jhon Piers to make a match at 
shoting, and so taken. Nidegates was called for as from my lord
<P 355>
his master, and taken. Likewise wer Jhon Seymour and Davy
Seimour. Arrondel also was taken, and the lord Grey, comming    #
out
of the countrey. Vanne upon tow sendings of my lord in the
morning fledd at the first sending; he said my lord was not     #
stout,
and if he could get home, he cared for non of them all, he      #
was so
strong. But after he was found by Jhon Piers in a stable of his
man's at Lambeth, under the straw. Thies went with the duke to
the Toure this night, saving Paulmer, Arrondel, and Vane, who
were kept in chambers here apart.
   17. The duches, Crane and his wife, with the chaumber        #
keaper,
were sent to the Towr for devising thies treasons; Jaymes       #
Wingfeld
also, for casting out of billes sediciouse. Also mr. Partrig    #
was
attached, and sir Jaymes [{Thomas{] Holcroft.
   18. Mr. Banister and mr. Vaugham were attached, and sent to
the Towre, and so was mr. Stanhope.
<P 356>
   19. Sir Thomas Paulmir confessed that the gendarmerie on the
mustar day shuld be assaulted by 2000 footmen of mr. Vannis,    #
and
my lordes hundred hors, besides his frendes wich stood by and   #
the
idle peple wich toke his parte. If he were overthrowen, he wold
rune through London, and crie (^Liberty, liberty^) , to raise   #
the prentises,
and if he could, he wold goe to th'isle of Wight, or to Poole.
   22. The dowagier of Scoteland was by tempest driven to land  #
at
Portesmouthe, and so she sent word she wold take the benefite   #
of the 
save-counduit, to goe by land, and to see me.
<P 357>
   26. She came from Portesmouthe to mr. White's house.
   24. The lords sate in the starre-chambre, and their          #
declared the
matters and accusations layed against the duke, meaning to stay
the mindes of the pepull.
   25. Certain Germain princes, in the beginning of this month,
desired ayd in caus of relligion, of 400,000 dalers, if they    #
shuld be 
driven to make shift by necessite`, and offered the like also   #
if I entred
into any warre for them. Wherupon I callid the lordis, and      #
considered,
as apperith by a scrole in the board at Westmuster; and
therupon apointed that the secretary Peter, and sir William     #
Cicell,
[{and{] another secretary [{Wotton{] , shuld talke with the     #
messenger
<P 358>
to know the matter precisly, and the names of thos that wold
entre the confederacy.
   28. The dowagier came to sir Richard Cotton's house.
   29. She came from sir Richard Cotton's to th'erle of         #
Arrondel[{'s{]
to diner, and [{was{] brought to mr. Browne's house, wheare     #
met her
gentlemen of Sussex.
   30. She came and was conveyed  by the same gentlemen to
Gilford, where the lord Wiliam Haward and the gentlemen of 
Surrey met her.
   Al this month the Frenchmen continued spoiling of            #
th'emperour's
frountiers, and in a skirmish at Ast thei slew 100 Spaniardes.
   31. A lettre directed to sir Arthur Darcy to take the        #
charge of
the Towre, and to discharge sir Jhon Mercame [{Markham{] , upon
this, that, without making any of the counsel privey, he        #
suffered 
the duke to walke abrood, and certain lettres to be sent and
answerid, between Davy Seymour and mrs. Poings, with other
divers suspicions.
   17. There were lettres sent to all emperours, kinges,        #
embassadours,
<P 359>
noblemen, and chief men in countreys, of the late
conspiracy.
   31. She came to Ampton court conveyed by the same lord and
gentlemen aforesaid, and tow mile and a haulfe from thence, in  #
a
valley, ther mete her the lord marcus of Northampton,           #
accompanied
with th'erl of Wiltshier soone and heir to the lord hie         #
treasaurour       
marcus of Winchester, the lord Fizwater soone to th'erl of      #
Sussex,
the lord Yuers, the lord Bray, the lord Robart Dudley, the lord
Garet, sir Nicolas Throckmerton, sir Edward Rogers, and divers 
other gentlemen, besides al the gentlemen pensionars, men of    #
armes,
and usshers, sewers and carvers, to the nombre of 120           #
gentlemen,
and so she was brought to Ampton court. At the gate therof met
her the lady marcus of Northamton, the countesse of Penbroke,
and divers other ladies and gentlewomen to the nomber of        #
threscore,
and so she was brought to her lodging on the quene's side, wich
was al hanged with arrase, and so was the hale, and al the      #
other
logings of mine in the house, very finely dressed. And for this
night and the next day al was spent in dauncing and pastime, as
though it were a court, and great presence of gentlemen         #
resorted
thither.
   26. Lettres were written for bicause of thies busines, to    #
differ the
mustars of the gendarmery, tile the [\blank\] day of December.

<P 360>
[}NOVEMBRE.}]

   1. The dowagier perused the house of Ampton court, and saw
some coursing of dere.
   2. She came to the bishop's palaice at London, and there     #
she lay,
and al her traine lodged about her.
   3. The duke of Southfolke, th'erl of Warwicke, Wiltshier,    #
and
many other lordis and gentlemen, were sent to her to welcome    #
her,
and to saye, on my behaulf, that if she lakid any thing she     #
shuld
have it, for her bettir furniture, and also I wold willingly    #
see hir
the day folowing.
<P 361>
   The 26. of October, Crane confessed the most part even as    #
Paulmir
did before, and more also; how that the place wher the nobles
shuld have bene bankettid and there heddis striken of was the   #
lord
Pageit's house, and how th'erl of Arrondel knew of the mattier  #
as
wel as he, by Stanop, who was a messinger betwene them. Also
some part how he went to London to get friendes, once in August
last, faining himself sike. Hammon also confessed the watch he
kept in his chaumbre at night. Bren also confessid much of this
matter. The lord Straung confessid how the duke willed him to
sturre me to mary his third daughter the lady Jane, and willed  #
him
to be his spie in al mattieres of my doynges and saynges, and   #
to
knowe when some of my counsel spake secretly with me. This he
confessed to himself.

<P 362>
[}NOVEMBRE.}]

   4. The duke of Southfolke and lord Fizwater, the lord Bray,  #
and
divers other lordis and gentlemen, accompanied with his wife    #
the
ladie Fraunces, the ladie Margaret, the duchesses of Richmond
and of Northumberland, the ladie Jane daughter to the duke of
Southfolke, the marquessis of Northampton and Winchester, the
countessis of Arrondel, Bedford, Huntingdon, and Rutland, with
100 other ladies and gentlewomen, went to her, and brought her
throwgh London to Westmyster. At the gate their receved her
<P 363>
the duke of Northumberland great master, and the treasorer and
controller and th'erl of Penbroke, with al the sewers and       #
carvers,
and cupberears, to the nombre of thirty. In the hall I met her
with al the rest of the lords of my counsell, as the lord       #
treasourour,
the marquis of Northampton, etc., and from the utter gate up to
the presence-chaumber, on both sides, stode the gard. The       #
court,
the hall, and the staires were full of servingmen, the          #
presence-chambre,
great chaumbre, and her presence-chaumbre of gentlemen;
and so having brought her to her chaumbre, I retired to mine. I
went to her to diner. She dined under the same cloth of         #
estate, at
my left hand. At her reward dined my cousen Fraunces and my
cousen Magret. At mine sate the French embassadour. We
were served by tow services, tow sewers, cupberears, carvers    #
and
gentlemen. Her (\maistre d'hostel\) cam befor her service, and
mine officers befor mine. There were tow cupboards, one of gold
4 stages heyght, another of massy silver 6 stages. In her great
chaumbre dined at three bordes the ladies only. After diner,    #
when
she had hard soome musike, I brought her to the  halle, and so  #
she
went away.
   5. The duke of Northumberland, the lord treasorour, the lord
marquis of Northampton, the lord prive seal, and divers other,  #
went
to see her, and to deliver a ring with a diamont and tow        #
nagges, as
a token from me.
<P 364>
   6. The duke of Northumberland with his band of hundred,
of wich 40 were in blacke velvet with wight and blacke sleves,
60 in cloth; th'erl of Penbroke with his band and 50 more,
th'erl of Wiltshier with 58 of his father's band, al the        #
pensioners,
men of armes, and the euyrey, with divers ladies, as
my cousen Marget, the duchesses of Richmond and Northumberland,
brought the quene to Shordech throw Chepeside and
Cornehil, and there met her gentlemen of Midelsex 100 hors, and
so she was conveyed out of the realme, met in every shere with
gentlemen.
<P 365>
   8. Th'erle of Arrondel committed to the Tower, with sir      #
[{Thomas{]
Straodley [{Stradling{] and S. Albon his men, bicaus Crane did  #
more
and more confess of him.
<P 366>
   7. A Frenchman was sent againe into Fraunce to be delivered
againe to the Frenchmen at the borders, bicaus of a murder he
did at Diep, and therupon he fled hither.
   14. Aunswere was given to the Germains, wich did require
400,000 dalers, if nede so required, for maintenaunce of        #
religion;
first, that I was very well inclined to make peace, amity, or
bargain with them I knew to be of mine religion (forbicause
this messaunger was sent only to know my inclination and will 
to entre, and not with full resolution of any matters).         #
Secondly,
I wold know whither they could gette unto them any
such strenght of other princes as were able to maintein the
warre, and to doe the reciproke to me again, if nede should
soe require. And therefore willed thos three princes, duke
Maurice of Saxon, the duke of Mecelbourough, and the marquis
Jhon of Brandenbourg, from wich he was sent, to open the
matter to the duke  of Prussia, and to al princes abought them,
and somwhat to get the good will of Hamborough, Lubeke, Breme,
<P 367>
etc., shewing them an inkling of the matter. Thirdly, I wold    #
have
the matter of religion made more plain, lest when warre shold   #
be
made for other querelles, they should say it were religion.     #
Fourthly, 
he shuld come  with more ample commission from the same states  #
to
talke of the summe of mony and other appurtenances. This        #
aunswere
was given lest if I assented [{w{]holly at the first, they      #
wold declare
mine entent to the stedes and hole senats, and so to cume       #
abrode,
wherby I shuld runne into daunger of breaking the leag with
th'emperour.
   16. The lord admiral toke his leave to goe into Fraunce, for
christening of the French kinges soone.
   18. Mr. Fossey, secretarie to the duke Maurice, who was here
for matter above specified [\unfinished\]
   20. A proclamacion apointed to goe furth, for that there     #
went
one before this time, that sett prices of beaf, oxen, and       #
muttons,
wich was ment to continew but to November, when as the          #
parliement
should have bene, to abrogate that, and to appointe certein
commissionars to caus the  grasiers to bring to the market,     #
and to
sell at prices reasonable. And that certein overseers shuld bee
besides to certifie of the justices' doings.
   23. The lord tresaurour apointed high stuard for             #
th'arraingment
of the duke of Somerset.
<P 368>
   At this time duke Maurice began to shew himself frend to the
Protestantes, who before that had apeired there enemy.
   27. The foresaid proclamacion proclaimed.
   17. Th'erl of Warwicke, mr. Harie Sidney, mr. Hary Nevel,    #
and
mr. Harie Gates did chaleng al commers at tilt the 3. of        #
January,
and at turnay the 6. of January, and this chaleng was           #
proclaimed.
   28. Newes came that Maximilian comming out of Spain, 9 of
galees with his stuff, and 120 genettes and his threasor was    #
taken
by the French.
<P 369>
   24. The lord admiral entred Fraunce, and came to Bollein.
   26. The capitan of Portesmouth had word and commaundement to
bring the model of the castell and plate, to th'intent it       #
might be
fortefied, bicaus baron de la Garde hadde seene it, having an   #
ingenir
with him, and, as it was thought, had the platte of it.
   30. 22 pearis, az nobles, besides the councell, hard sir     #
Thomas
<P 370>
Paulmer, mr. Hammond, mr. Crane, and Neudigat sweare that their
confessions was true, and thei did say that that was saied      #
without
any kind of compulsion, force, envy, or displeasure, but as     #
favorably
to the duke as they could sweare to with sauf consciense.
   24. The lord admiraull came to Paris.

[}DECEMBER, A=O= D'NI 1551=O= ,5=O= A=O= R=I= R=S= E. 6=I= .    #
5=A= CHARTA.}]

   1.  The duke of Somerset cam to his triall at Westmyster     #
halle.
<P 371>
The lord treasaurour sat as high stuard of England, under the   #
cloth
of estate, on a benche betwene tow postes, 3 degrees high: al   #
the 
lordes, to the nombre of 26, videlicet: - 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 460>
[}OCTOBER.}]

   3. Bicause I had a pay of 48,000 li. to be paid in           #
December, and
had as yet but 14,000 beyond sea to pay it withal, the          #
merchauntis
did give me a loane of 40,000 li., to be paid by them the last  #
of
December, and to be repaied again by me the last of Marche.     #
The
maner of levieng this loane was of the clothes, after the rate  #
of 20 s.
of a cloth.  For they caried out at this shipping 40,000 brod
clothes.  This graunt was confirmed the 4. day of this month    #
by a
company assembled of 300 merchauntis adventurers.
   2. The bulwarkes of earth and boardes in Essex, wich had a   #
continual
<P 461>
allowance of soudiars in them, ware dischargid, bi wich was
saved presently 500 li., and hereafter 700 li. or more.
   4. The duke d'Alva and the marques of Marignan set forth     #
with a
great part of th'emperour's army, having al the Italians and
Spaniardes with them, towards Treves, wheare the marques Albert
had set 10 enseignes of launce knigtes to defend it, and        #
taried himself
with the rest of his army at Landaw besides Spires.
   6. Bicause sir Andrew Dudley capitain of Guisnes had         #
indetted
himself very moch by his service at Guisnes, also bicause it    #
shuld
seem injurious to the lord Willoughby that for the contention
betwen him and sir Andrew Dudley, he shuld be put out of his
office, therfore it was agreed that the lord Wiliam Howard      #
shuld be
deputy of Calles, and the lord Gray capitain of Guisnes.
<P 462>
   Also it was determined that sir Nicholas Sturley shuld be    #
capitaine
of the new fort at Barwike, that Alexander Bret shuld be
porter, and one Rokesby shuld be mershal.
   7. Upon report of lettres written from mr. Pikering, how     #
that
Stucley had not declared to him, al the while of his being in   #
Fraunce,
no one word touching the communication afore specified and      #
declared,
and also how mr. Pikeringe thought and certainly advertised,
that Stucley never hard the French king speake no soch worde,
nor never was in credit with him, or the constable; save ons,   #
whan
he becam an interpretour betwen the constable and certein       #
English
pioners; he was committed to the toure of London. Also the
French embassadour was advertised how we had committed him to
prison, for that he untruly slaunderid the king our good        #
brother
(as other such runnagates doe dayly the same). This was told    #
him
<P 463>
to make him suspect th'English runnagates that bee there.  A
like lettre was sent again to mr. Pikering.
   8. Le seigneur de Villandry cam in post from the French king
with this message: First, that although mr. Sidney's and mr.
Winter's matters ware justly condemned, yet the French king,
bicause thei both ware my servauntes, and one of them about me,
was content (\gratuito\) to geve mr. Sidney his ship and all    #
the goodis
in her, and mr. Winter his ship and al his owne goodes.  Wich   #
offre
was refused, sayng we required nothing (\gratuito\) , but only  #
justice
and expedition.  Also Villandry declared that the King his      #
master
wished that ane agreement ware made betwen th'ordonnances and
customs of England and Fraunce, in marin affaires; to wich was
answerid, that oure ordinaunces ware nothing but the civil law,
and certein very old additions of the realme; that we thought   #
it
reason not to be bound to any other law then their old laws,    #
wich
had ben of long time continewed, and no faut found with theme.
Also Villandry brought furth tow new proclamations, wich for
things to cum were very profitable for England, for wich he     #
had a
lettre of thankes to the king his master.  He required also     #
pardon
and releasment of emprisonment for ceirtein Frenchmen taken on
the sea cost.  It was shewid him they ware pirates; now some
of them shuld by justice be punished, some by clemency          #
pardoned;
and with this dispach he departed.
   10. Removing to Westmyster.
   11. Horne deane of Durham declared a secret conspiracy of    #
th'erl
of Westmurland, the yeare of th'apprehension of the duke of     #
Somerset, 
how he wold have taken out treasur at Middelham, and wold
have robbed his mother, and sold 200 li. land, and to please    #
the
peple wold have made a proclamation for the bringing up of the
coyne, bicause he saw them grudge at the fall.  He was          #
commaunded 
to kepe this matter close.
<P 464>
   6. Mr. Morison, embassadour with th'emperour, declared to
th'emperour the matter of the Turkes before specified; whose
aunswere was, he thanked us for our gentle offre, and wold      #
cause the
regent to send a man for the same purpose to know our further
meaning in that behalf.
   11. Mr. Pikering declared to the French king, being then at
Reims, Stukleis matter, confession, and the cause of his        #
imprisonment;
who, after protestation made of his own good meaning in
th'amite`, and of Stukleis ingratitud toward him, leudnes, and  #
il
demeanour, thankid us mich for this so gentil an uttering of    #
the
matter, that we wold not be ledde with fals brutes and tales.
   15. The bishop [{Tunstal{] of Durham was deprived of his     #
bishoprike.
<P 465>
   In this month Mons. de Rue, Martin Rossen, and an army of
Flemminges (while the French had assembled his men of warre in
Lorrain, had sent the constable to the army wich lay 4 leages   #
from
Verdeun, the duke de Guise with 7,000 men to Metz, and the
mareschal St. Andrew at Verdeun), rased and spoiled betwen the
rivier of Some and Oise many tounes and villages, as Noyon,     #
Roy,
Chamy, Nelle, Follambray a new bilt house of the kinges, etc.,
insomuch that the French kinge sent the admiral of Fraunce to
help the duke of Vendosme against that army.  Ther was at this
time that reigned a great plage in sondry partes of Fraunce,    #
of wich
many men died.
   20. A man of th'erl of Tyron's was committed to the Toure,
bicause he had made an untru suggestion and complaint against   #
the
deputy and the holle counsel of Irland.  Also he had bruted     #
certein
il brutes in Irland, how the duke of Northomberland and th'erl  #
of
Pembroke were fallen out, and on[{e{] against another in the    #
feld.
   17. The Flemminges, and the Englishmen that toke their       #
partes,
assaulted by night Hamleteu; the Englishmen were on the walles,
and some of the Flemminges also, but by the couardise of a      #
great
part of the Flemminges the enterpris was lost, and many men     #
slain.
The nomber of the Flemminges was 4,000; the nomber of the
men within Hamleteu 400.  The capitain of this entrepris was
mons. de Vandeville, capitain of Gravelin.
<P 466>
   6. Mons. de Boissy entred Treves with a Flemmish army to the
nomber of 12,000 footmen and 2,500 horsmen Bourgignons, without
any resistauns, bicause th'enseignes there left by marques      #
Albert
ware departed, and therupon the duke d'Alva and the marques
of Marignan marched toward Mets; th'emperour himself, and the
marques Hans of Brandenburg, having with him the rest of his
army, the 9. day of this month, departed from Landaw towards
Mets.  Monsieur de Boissy his army also joyned with him at a    #
place
called Twaybrug of Deuxpont.
   23. It was agreed that, bicause the state of Irland could    #
not be
knowne without the deputy's presence, that he shuld in this     #
ded time
of the yere leave the gouvernaunce of the realme to the councel
there for the time, and bring with him the hole estat of the
realme, whearby such ordre might be taken as the superfluous
charg might be advoyded, and also the realme kept in quietnes,
and the revenu of the land better and more profitablie          #
gathered.
   25. Wheras one George Paris, Irishman, who had ben a         #
practiser 
<P 467>
betwen th'erle of Desmond and other Irish lordes and the
French king, did now, being wery of that mater, practise        #
meanes to
cum hom, and to have his old landes in Irland againe; his       #
pardon
was graunted him, and a lettar written to him from my counsel,  #
in
wich he was promised to be considered and holpen.
   Ther fel in this month a great contention among the Skottis.
For the Carris slew the lord of Bouclugh in a fray in           #
Edinborough,
and assone as they had done they associated to them the lord    #
Hume
and al his kinne.  But the gouvernour therupon sommoned an army
to goe against them.  But at lenght, bicause the dowagier of    #
Scotland 
favoured the Carris and Humes, and so did al the French
faction, the French king also haveng sent for 5,000 Scotish     #
footmen
and 500 horsmen, for his ayd in theis warres, the gouvernour
agreed the 5,000 footmen, under the leading of th'erl of        #
Cassels, and
500 lighthorsmen, of wich the Carris and Humes shuld be         #
capitaines,
shuld go with such hast into Fraunce that they might be in such
place as the French king wold point them to serve in by         #
Christmas,
or Candlemas at the furdest.  And thus he trusted to be wel     #
ridde
of his most mortal enemies.
   27. The Scottis, hearing that George Paris practised for     #
pardon,
committed him to ward in Sterling castel.
   25. Mons. de Rue, having burnt in Fraunce 18 leages in       #
lenght, 
and three leages in bredth, having burnt, pilled, sakked, and   #
raised
the faire tounes of Noyon, Roye, Nelle, and Chamy, the kinges   #
new
house of Follanbro, and infinit other villages, bulwarkes, and  #
gentlemen's 
houses in Champaine and Picardy, returned into Flanders.
<P 468>
   23. Th'emperour in his person cam to the toune of Mets, with
his army, wich was rekened 45,000 footmen, as the brut went,    #
and
7,000 horsmen.  The duke d'Alva, with a good band, went to vieu
the toune, upon whom issued out the soudiars of the toune and   #
slew
of his men about 2,000, and kept him play til the maine force   #
of
the camp cam doune, wich caused them to retire with losse.  On
the French party was the duke of Nemours hurt on the thigh.
Ther was in the toune as capitain the duke of Guise, and ther   #
were
many other great lords with him, as the prince of Roussirion,
the duke of Nemours, the vicedam of Chartres, Pierro Strossy,   #
mons.
Chastileon, and many other gentlemen. 



<B CEAUTO1>
<Q E1 NN BIA MOWNTAYNE>
<N TROUBLES OF MOWNT>
<A MOWNTAYNE THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR AUTO>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>     
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MOWNTAYNE, THOMAS.
TEXT:  THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF THOMAS
MOWNTAYNE.
NARRATIVES OF THE DAYS OF THE REFORMATION,
CHIEFLY FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS OF JOHN FOXE 
THE MARTYROLOGIST.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, LXXVII.
ED. J. G. NICHOLS.
LONDON, 1859.
PP. 199.5 - 216.3^]

[^THE MODERNIZATIONS GIVEN IN ROUND BRACKETS IN THE
EDITION ARE CODED AS 'EDITOR'S COMMENTS'.^]


<P 199>
Thys done, I
layed me downe apone my bed, and slepte untyl v a clocke yn the
mornynge; and than my kepar came and opynyd the dore, bade me
good morowe, and askyd me and I were redye. "Wherunto?"
sayed I. "To suffer deathe," sayd the keapar. "Whate kyend of
deathe?" sayed I, "and whan shall yt be." "Your tyme ys neare
at hand, (sayed he,) and that ys to be hangyd and drawne as a
trayetor, and burnde as an herytyke; and thys muste be done     #
even
this foorenoone. Loke well to yourselve, therfore, and saye     #
that yow
be frendly usyd." "Your frendshyp, mr. Charlys, ys but hard and
scares, yn gyvynge me thys (^Scharborowe warnynge^) ; but gyve  #
me
<P 200>
leave, I praye yow frendly, to talke with you, and be not       #
offendyd
[{with{] whate I shall saye unto yow. Thys tale that yow have   #
tolde
me, ys yt trwe yn ded?" "Ye, (sayed he,) and that yow are lyke
for to knowe. Dyspache therfor, I praye yow with speed."        #
"Contentyd
I hame with all my harte so to doo. Where ys the wryte
of execusyon? let me see yt, I praye yow." "I have none, (sayed
he;) thys ys moore and nydyes, for I hame to be trustyd and yt
were for a greater mater then thys." "Syr, I praye yow be       #
contentyd;
for yn thys thing I will not truste yow, bycawse yt ys a
matter of lyve and deathe; it standythe me apon. Is the hye
shyryffe sir Olyver Leadar come yn the towne to see the         #
execusyon?"
"No," sayed he. "Ys the undere shryffe hys debytye here to
see yt?" "No," sayed he. "Is there anye probate comawndemente
come from the queenes counsell? or eles anye leteres sent of
late for that porpose? "No, (sayed he;) but yow doo all thys    #
for
no cawse eles then to prolonge the tyme." "No, (sayed I,) as I
ham borne to dye, contentyd I ham so to doo whan God wyll; but
to be made awaye after sowche slyghte, I wolde be verye lothe;  #
and
therfor, yfe that yow have nothynge to showe for your           #
dyscharge,
acordynge as I have requyryd of yow, I tel yow trwe that I      #
wyll not
dye. Take yow good heed therfor to your selve, and loke that I
myscary not, for yfe that awghte come unto me but good, yow and
yours are lyke to knowe the pryse of yt, be yow well assuryd    #
therof.
Whan dyd yow ever see anye man put to deathe, before he was     #
condemnyd
to dye?" "That ys trwe, (sayd he;) and are yow not condemnyd?"
"No, (sayd I,) that I ham not, nether was yet ever araynyd
<P 201>
at anye sesyones." "Than, (sayed he,) I have been greatly       #
myseynformyd.
I crye yow marsy; for I hade thowghte that yow had
been bothe araynyd, and also condemnyd to dye, beynge sent      #
hether
for to suffer yn thys plase, bycawse that yow were here         #
agaynste the
quene with the ducke of Northethomeberland." "Well, (sayed I,)
thoos materes hathe bene alredye suffysyently answeryd before   #
your
betteres; but I praye yow, syr, and a man myghte aske yow,      #
whoos
man are yow, or to whome doo yow belonge?" "Marye! (sayd he,)
I ham not ashamyd of my maister, I wolde thow showldest knowe   #
yt,
as thow arte. My lorde chaunsler of Ingland ys my master, and I
ham hys man." "I thoughte sowche a mater; the olde proverbe ys
trewe, I persave, for (^soche a master, suche a sarvante^) ;    #
and ys thys my
lord of Wynchesteres lyvere that yow were nowe?" "Ye," sayed
he. "And ys thys the beeste servys that yow can doo my lorde
your master? Fye, for shame, fye! wyl you folowe now the bludye
stepes of that wyckyd man your master! whoo ys unworthye,       #
before
God I speake yt, bothe of the name and place that he hathe and  #
ys
calyd unto. What sholde moufe yow for to handyll me after thys
sharpe sorte as yow have done, so spytefullye, beynge here not  #
yet
iij dayes under your kepyng? Wyl yow become a tormentor of
Godys people and prophetes? wyl yow now seas from kyllynge of
bolokes, calvys, and shepe, which ys your ockapasyon (being a
bucher), and to gyve over your selfe moste crwellye to sarve    #
your
mastares tourne in sheddynge of ynnosente blode? O man, with
what an avaye [\heavy\] harte maye yow laye your selve down to
slepe at nyghte, yf that God of hys great marsy doo suffer yow  #
to
lyve so long yn thys your so wycked atempte and enterpryse! I
speake not thys of anye hatryd that I bare unto yow, as God
knowethe my harte, but I speake yt of good wyll, to thys end    #
that
yow myghte be callyd yn to a beter rememberance and knowlege
of your duetye bothe towardys God and your chrysteyan brother.
Let yt therfore repente yow, deare brother kepar, and knowe     #
howe
dangerus a thyng yt ys for a man to falle ynto the handys of    #
the
lyvynge God; and howe yt ys sayed that blud reqyryth blude. And
<P 202>
yow wyl not be[{le{]ve me, set that teryble example of cursyd   #
Cayen
before your eyes, whoo slewe hys owne deare brother Abell,      #
moste
unnaturallye lyk a beastely man, and afterwarde wanderyd up and
downe lyke a wacabound on the face of the earthe, seakynge      #
reste,
peece, and quyetnes, and cowlde never atayne unto yt, so that   #
at the
laste with mooste desperate wordys he burste forthe and sayde,  #
'O
wreche that I ham, I sayed unto the Lorde, whan he callyd me to
acownte for my brother's deathe, I answeryd that I was not hys
keapar, but shortlye after I parsavyd that the shedynge hys     #
blud
cryed unto God for vengeanes to falle apon me for so doinge,    #
and
now I parsave that my synes be greater then the mersye of God   #
ys
able to forgyve.' Yf thys wyl not move your harde and stonye
harte to repentaunce, than thynke of that trayetor Judas,       #
which for
lucare sake betrayed hys owne master, as he confessyd hym       #
selve whan
the worme of consyenes troublyd hyme, sayenge to the hye        #
prestes,
'I have betrayed the ynnosent blude; take, there ys your monye,
for I wyll non of yt', and that was too late; so to shortyne    #
hys owne
dayes, he moste desperately wente and honge hym selve, so that  #
he
burste asunder yn the mydyste, hys bwellys hangynge abowte hys
helys [\heels\] . O moste terryble examples, lefte wrytyn yn    #
the holy
scryptures, that wee therby myghte take hede and beware never   #
to
do the lyke, lest we sped yn reward as they dyd. From the which
God defend us, for Jesus Chrystes sake!" "Amen! (sayed the
kepar with wepynge teares,) and, syr, I beseche yow onenes      #
[\once\]
agayne, even for Godys sake, to forgyve me, and I aske God      #
hartelly
mersy for the great myschyffe that I porposyd yn my harte       #
agaynste
yow. I parsave that yow, and soche other, that yow be other
maner of men than we and our beteres take yow to be; I parsave
that (^the blynd dothe eate manye a flye^) . God, and yt be hys #
blyssyd
wylle, make me one of your sorte! and loke, what that I can
doo for yow, yow shalbe assueryd of yt. Come downe with me, I
praye yow, ynto the yard." So I wente with hym, and when we
<P 203>
came downe, al the yarde was full of people. "Whate meanythe
thys people?" sayd I to the keapar. "Al thes are come (sayde    #
he,) to
see yow suffer deathe; there ys some here that ys come as       #
farre as
Lyengkecon [\Lincoln\] , but I truste ther commynge shal be yn
vayne. Be yow of good cheare." "Than goo your waye, (sayd
I,) and gentlye dysyere them for to departe, and tell them yt   #
ys no
reason that anye man sholde suffer deathe before that he be     #
condemnyd,
and so yow shall eslye awoyed them, and I wyll goo up
agayn tyl yow have don."
   Whan theye were all gone, the kepar callyd me downe, to      #
dyne with
hym at hys owne table, and, dynnar beynge endyd, we fele yn     #
talke
agayne, and so, from tyme to tyme, had moche conferences        #
together,
and [{I{] began to growe yn greate credite with hym, insomuche
that whansoever he ryd forthe aboughte anye busynes, he comytyd
all the charge of hys hole house unto me, prysonares and all,   #
and
laboryd unto the hye shyryfe for me that I myght be delyveryd.
   Notwithstandinge, I remaynyd ther prysonar halve a yeare, yn
moche myserye, havynge some tyme meate and some tyme none,
yea and manye tymes glad whan that I myghte gete a penye loffe  #
and
my glasse full of fayere water up to my lodgynge, beynge faste  #
lockte
up every nyghte, and at mydnyghte alwaye whan they searched the
prysonars' iornys [\irons\] than one shold come and knock at    #
my dore
and aske me yf I were withyn. To home I answeryd alwaye thus,
"Here I ham, mr. kepar." "Good nyghte, than," sayed he; and so
wold goo their wayes.
   Now on a sartayne daye, beynge merye, he browghte home with
hym to see me dyveres honeste men of the towne; amonge home     #
there
was one that I never sawe before, nor he me, callyd mr. Segare  #
a
<P 204>
berebruar, dwelynge at Madelyn bryge, whose harte God oppynyd
above the reste to showe marsy unto me, for he knewe that the
keapar wold doo muche at hys requeste, so that or ever he wente
awaye he promysyd hyme payemante for my dyette, dyssyerynge
hym to showe me favore for hys sake, "and I wyll be bound for
hyme, that he shal be trwe prysonar." Al thys plesyd Charlys    #
the
kepar well, and yt was no greffe at all to me, to here thys     #
bargayne
made betwen them, "for otherwyse, (sayd I,) yt was not unlyke   #
but
that I sholde have here a peryshed for lacke of comforde. And   #
her
ys not to be forgotyn of my parte the myghtye and fatherlye     #
provydence
of God, who never fayellethe any man that trwelye putes
hys truste yn hyme. Who can kylle hym, mr. Charlys, whome God
wyll kepe alyve? maye I saye nowe, and who can dellyver hym
whom God wyl destrowe? His greate powere delyveryd me ones
owte of the lyones deen as he dyd hys holy prophet Danyell; so  #
I
truste that he wyll delyver me here owt of all my troubles, yf  #
he so
see yt good. Yf not, hys wyl be done!" And thus we partyd for
that tyme, my kepare beynge glad of thys hys good assurance, I
takynge pasyently myne yndwerance, and my suertye hopynge for
my dellyverance.
   After thys, withyn short tyme, the hye shyryffe sent for me
home to hys howse beyond Huntyngton, to see whether I woold
relente or no; tellynge me that he hade wrytyn up to the        #
counsell
for me, and that yt was their plesure that I shoulde be         #
delyveryd
yf that I wolde be a confyrmable man to the quenes prosedynges,
and forsake herysy, or eles to remayne yn pryson untyll the     #
nexte
sessyons of gale delyvery. "For your good wyl, I doo thanke
your mastership moste hartelye, and well contentyd I hame so
to remayn as a prysonar, and rather than to gyve over my faythe
<P 205>
for thys vayne lyfe which ys but shorte." "Wel! (sayde he,) I
parsave than that yow are no chanlyng; yow shall therfore       #
retorne
to the place from whence yow came, and there abyed your
tryall."
   So wee toke our leve of hyme, and came our wayes bake        #
agayne to
Huntyngeton, and there we laye al that nyghte, I havynge apon   #
one
of myne armys a greate braslete of yeron iiij fingers brode,    #
faste loked
one, and a fyne chayne of iij yardys longe joynyd therunto; and
beynge bed to supar of one Thomas Whype, marchante of London,
with otheres, my keper was dyssyeryd to ease me for the tyme,   #
and
they wold be bound for me, and he to be well recompensyd for so
doynge. Thys dyssyer of my frendyes was schares [\scarce\] well
lyked of my keapar, bycawse they were Londoneres, and grawnte
yt he wold not yn no wyse. So, when suppar was done, to our
chamber wee wente, and anon comyse yn a smythe with a hammer
and a greate stapyle. "Make yow redye, (sayd he,) I pray yow,   #
and
goo to bed." So I layed me downe apon my bed. Than he calde the
smythe unto hym, and sayed, "Make faste the staple and the      #
cheyne
together, and dryffe them faste ynto some parte of the          #
bedstead; for I
have harde say, (saythe he,) (^faste byend, faste fyend^) ."    #
Than he loked
[\looked\] behyend all the payentyd clothes to see yf there     #
were anye
mo doores ynto the chamber than one. That done, he locked the
dore and caste the keye owte of the wyndow, to the goodman of   #
the
house, dyssyeryng him to kepe yt save wylle the mornynge. Smale
reste I toke that nyghte, I was so sore wronge aboughte my      #
wreste
that the blud was redy to spyn owte at my fyngeres endyes. So,
early yn the mornynge we rys and toke our horse, and came to
Cambrydge castelle to dynner, and then my braslete was taken of
myne arme.
   Yn Awguste followinge was the sessyones; unto the which      #
there
came my lorde chyffe justyes of Ingland, one that before was
recordare of London and callyd mr. Broke; with hym ther sate    #
syr
<P 206>
Thomas [\James\] Dyer, syr Clement Hyham, syr Olyver Leadare
hy shyryffe, mr. Gryffyn the quenes sollysyter, mr. Burgone,    #
with
a number of jentellmen mo. Nowe, when they were come to the
sessyones hall and there set, the kepar was commandyd to        #
brynge yn
hys prysonares. I, beynge fyrste callyd for by name, then on    #
wente
my braslet agayne, and there a preste callyd John Wllyard,      #
vycar
o' Babram, he was faste loked unto me. We tayne [\twain\] went
formoste, and stod at the bare. Than sayed my lord cheffe       #
justyes
unto me, "Syr, whate make yow here? are you not a Londynar?"
"Yes, and yt lyke your lordshyp." "Howe longe have yow be
here prysonar?" "Halve a yeare, my lorde." "Who sent yow
hether?" "Forsothe, my lorde, that dyd the counsel." Than
sayd the hye shyryffe, "My lorde, thys ys the man that I tolde
your lordshyp of; I beseeche yow be good lord unto hyme, for
he hathe bene as quyete a prysonar as ever came within thys
gayell, and hathe usyd hymselve as honestly toward hys keapar."
"Yow speake wel for hym," sayd my lorde; "stand asyed a whyell
tyl yow be called." Yn the meane tyme mr. Gryffyn had a caste   #
at
me, sayenge thus, "Thou arte bothe a traytor and a herytyke."
<P 207>
"No, and yt lyke your worshup, I ham nother of bothe." "Ys
not thy name Mowntayne?" "Yes, forsothe, I wyll never deny yt."
"And art not thow he that my lorde chansler sent hether with a
wryte?" "I am the same man." "Wel! (sayed he,) and thow be
not hangyd I have marvell. Thow wylte scape narrowly, I         #
beleve."
"Syr, I parsave that yow are my hevy freend. I besyche yow be
good master unto me. I have lyen thys iij yeare yn pryson yn
yerons. Never was there anye man that layed anye thynge to my
charge." Than he calde for the wryte. To home the hye shyryffe
sayd that he had forgotyn to brynge yt with hyme. "O wel!
(sayed [{he{] ,) syr Olyver, yow are [{a{] good man I warant    #
yow; thys
man was not sent hether for byeldynge of churchys, I dare       #
saye, nor
yet for sayenge of our lady sawter. Yn dede, sir, these be      #
thynges
that I can not wel stylof [\stifle\] ."
   Than my lord cheffe justyce callyd me to the bare agayne,    #
and
cawsyd proclamasyon to be made, that whosoever colde laye       #
awghte
to my charge to come yn, and he shulde he hard, or elys         #
[\else\] the
prysonar to stand at hys dellyverance. Thys was done thryse,    #
and
no man came yn to gyve evydence agaynste me. Than sayed my lord
cheef justyes unto the hole benche, "I see no cawse whye but    #
that
thys man maye be dellyveryd upon suertyes to be bound to apeare
at the nexte sessyones here holdyn of gayell dellyverye; for    #
yow see
that there ys no man comythe yn to laye anye thynge to hys      #
charge.
Wee cannot but by the lawe dellyver hym, proclamacyon beynge
ones made, and no man comynge yn agaynste hym. Whate saye
yow, mr. Mowntayne, can yow put yn suertyes here, before the
quenes justyssys, to apere before us here at the nexte          #
sesyones? And
yf that yow can so doo, paye your chargys of the howsse, and    #
God
<P 208>
be with yow! Yfe not, than muste yow nedyes remayne here styll,
untyll the next sesyones. Whate saye yow? have you anye
suertyes redye?" "No, and that lyke your lordshype I have none
redy; but yf yt please yow to be so good lorde unto me as to    #
gyve
me leve, I truste yn God to fyend suertyes." "Well! (sayd my
lorde,) goo your ways; make as good speed as yow can, for wee
muste awaye." Than he commaundyd the kepar to stryke of myne
yerones.
   That done, I was turned owte of the gate to seake my venter,
without anye kepar at all, go where I wolde; and whan I came
abrode I was so sore amasyd that I knew not where to be come.
At laste, I toke the waye to the towne, and there I mete a man
unknowen to me, whoo was not a lytle joyfull whan he see me at
lybartye, sayeyng unto me, "Are yow clene dyschargyd from your
bondys?" "No, (sayd I,) I lake ij shuertys." "Trwely, (sayd     #
he,)
I wyll be one, God wyllynge; and I wyll see yf that I can gete
another to be bownd with me." So wee mete with another honest
man callyd mr. Blunte; and havynge these tayne [\twain\] I gave
thankes to God for them, and with speed returnyde bake agayne   #
to
the castell; and as I wente, there mete me ij Essex men which   #
came to
seake me, offrynge themselves to enter ynto bondys for me. I    #
gave
them moste hartye thankes for their jentil offer, and tolde     #
them that
God had raysyd up a couple for me alredy, "We are glad of yt,
(sayed they;) yet we wyll goo with yow, lest yow doo lake;"     #
and as
I entryd ynto the castell yarde, the judgys were a rysynge,     #
and they,
seynge me comynge, sat downe agayne. Than sayed my lord chyffe
justys, "Have you browghte yn your swertyes?" "Ye, and lyke
your lordship here they be." "Let me see them," sayd he.
Then they all iiij stood forthe, and shewyd themselves unto
my lord: hoo sayed unto them, "Are yow contentyd to enter
ynto bondys for thys man?" "Ye, my lord, (sayed they,) yf yt
please yow to take us." "Well! (sayed he,) ij of yow shall      #
sarve."
There were standynge by ij bretheryn, and they, herynge my lord
say that ij wolde sarve, went with sped to hym that wryt the    #
band,
<P 209>
and cawsyd hym [{to put{] in ther names [{in the{] fyne iijs.   #
iiijd.
for [{each of them{] , sayenge thus the one to the other, "Let  #
us not
onelye balle hym owte of bowndys; but also releve hyme with     #
soche
parte as God hathe lente us;" and so they dyd, I prayse God     #
for yt.
And whan the people sawe and understode that I was clearlye     #
dyscharchyd 
owte of boundys, there was a greate showte made amonge
them, suche joye and gladnes was yn their hartys, as myghte     #
ryghte
well apeare, for my dellyverance.
   Than came mr. Segar, of whome I have spoken a lytell afore,  #
and
he payed all maner of charges that cowlde be dyssyerd of the    #
keapar
for the tyme of my beynge there; and, that done, he hade me     #
home
to hys owne howse, where as I had good yntertaynemente; and,    #
after
that I had remayned there a fortenight, I toke my leafe, and    #
so came
to London.
   And withyn shorte tyme after, I, standynge yn Cheapesyed,    #
sawe
these iiij ryed throwe Chepe, (that ys to saye,) kynge          #
Phyllype,
quene Marye, cardynall Poole, and Steven Gardynar chawnseller   #
of
Ingeland. Thys bushope ryde on the one syed before kynge
Phyllyp, and the greate seall afore hyme; and on the other      #
syede
there ryde the quene, and the cardnall afore her, with a crose
caryed afore hyme, he beynge all yn skarlette and blyssynge the
people as he ryde throwe the syttye; for the wyche he was       #
greatly
laugyd to skorne, and Gardnar beynge sore offendyd on the other
syed, becawse the people dyd not pute off their capys, and make
cursye to the croose that was caryed afore the cardnall,        #
sayenge to
hys sarvantes, "Marke that howse," "Take thys knave, and have
hyme to the cownter," "Suche a sorte of herytykes ho ever sawe,
that wyll nother reverence the croose of Chryste, nor yet ones  #
saye so
<P 210>
muche as, God save the kynge and quene! I wyll teache them
to doo bothe and I lyve." Thys dyd I here hym saye, I standynge
at Sopar layne ende. And whan all thys syghte was paste, I      #
wente
my ways; for as yet I durste not goo home to my owne howse; and
at nyghte, whan the bushope came home, one of hys spyallyes     #
tolde
hyme, that he sawe me stand yn Chepsyede whan the quene ryd
throwe the sytye. Here he fell ynto suche a greate rage, as was
tolde me by one of hys owne men, as was unsemyng for a bushop,
and with great spede sent for the knyghte marshall; and whan
he came he sayed unto hym, "Mr. Holcroffet, howe have yow
handlyd yourselfe yn your offyse? dyd not I send unto yow one
Mowntayne that was both a traytor and a herytyke, to thys ende
that he shulde have sufferyd deathe? and thys daye the vylayne
knave was not ashamyd to stand opynly yn the strete, lokynge    #
the
prence yn the ffasce. Myne owne men see hym. I wolde consell
yow to loke hym upe, and that there be dyllygent searche made   #
for
hym thys nyghte, yn the sytye, as yow wyll answer afore the     #
counsell."
"All thys shal be done and yt lyke your honnor, and I 
truste there shal be no fawte fownd yn me." "Away than, (sayed
the bushop,) abowte your bessyness." Than came one that was
secrytorye unto the knyghte marshall, who wylled me with spede
to departe owte of the sytye, "for thys nyghte (sayth he,)      #
shal the
sytye be searchyd for yow, and yf yow be taken, suerly ye dye   #
for
yt. Thus fayer yow well! God delyver yow out of their handys,
and yt be hys wyll!"
   Than wente I over ynto Sowthewarke, and there laye all       #
nyghte.
Yn the mornyng I roose up early, toke a bote and wente to       #
Lymehouse,
and so from thence to Colchester, and there toke shypynge,
thynkynge to have gone ynto Seland, and so up ynto the hye      #
countrye;
but we were so whether-beatyn that of force we were glad to
returne bake agayn; and thys vyage was tryshe [\trice\]         #
attemptyd and
always was pute bake; and at the laste tyme we were caste a     #
land at
sent Towhys, wheras I durste not longe tary, bycawse of my lord
<P 211>
Darsy, whoo laye there, havynge a strayte comysyon sent unto
hym from quene Marye, to make dyllygent searche for one beynge
callyd (^Trowge over the worlde^) , and for all souche lyke     #
begars as he was.
So that I was fayne to flye to a lytle paryshe callyd Hemsted,
thynkynge ther for to have had some reste, but the schearch     #
was so
strayte, that at mydnyghte, I havynge almost to [\too\] shorte
warnynge, was fayne with gret speed to flye unto Dedam heathe,
and to take my cote yn my necke, havynge an noneste man with
me, whoo had a foreste byll on hys bake, and with the same he   #
cute
downe a greate sorte of brakes, and that was my beed for a      #
tyme,
and whansoever I myghte geate ynto an haye-loffet, I thowghte
myselve hapy and well to be logyd. At the laste I was howsyd, I
thanke God, with an noneste man, and the same havynge a wycked
sarvante, not lovynge the gospelle, went and complaynyd of hys
master to the baylye and cownstablys; sayeyng unto them, that
there was an herytyke yn hys mastares parler. "Howe knowe
yow that? (sayd theye,) take hed whate thow sayeste; thy        #
master ys
an noneste man, and thow seaste howe trublesome tyme yt ys,     #
and yf
we apon thy report sholde goo searche hys howse, and not fyend  #
yt so,
whate arte thow worthye to have for sclawnderynge thy master?"
"Inofe, (saythe he,) I am suere yt ys so; for the howse ys      #
never
without one or other, and moste chyfly whan ther ys a fyer in   #
the
parler; and therfore I knowe by the smooke that there ys one
yndeed." So the ofysars wyllyd hym to goo abowghte hys          #
busynes,
and to saye nothynge, "for (sayed they) we wold prove yt at
nyghte." Yn the meane tyme they did hys master to understand
whate hys man had sayed unto them, and frendly bad hym to take
head, for they wolde searche hys howse that nyghte; and so they
dyd yndeed, but the byrdes were flone. The nexte daye, the      #
offysares
toke hys man, and set hyme yn the [{stocks, to teach him to 
<P 212>
speak{] good of hys master, and not to acwyse [{him, and bring
the{] smoke [{for a{] wytnes agaynst hym.
   Nowe, wyl I was seakynge a corner to hyd my hed yn, justyes
Browne, that dwellyth bysyed Bornte wood, comys me downe to
Colchester, and there played to dyvell, by the counsell of one
mr. Tyryll, and mr. Cossyne inn holder of the same towne, and
Gylbart the lawer, whoo cawsyd dyvers honeste men to be sent    #
for,
before the sayed justys, and sworne upon a boke to bryng yn the
namys of all those that were suspectyd of heresy, as he         #
term[{ed{] yt,
and also gave unto the offysars a great charge, that from tyme  #
to
tyme dylygent search shoulde be made yn every howse for all     #
strangers,
and to take them and brynge them before a justyes; "for thys
towne (sayed he) ys a harboror of all herytykes, and ever       #
was." So
whan he had bownd them all yn recounysanse, he wylyd them to
departe, every man home to hys howse.
   Than, apon ther returne, with speed was I convayed awaye to
London warde forthewith, and whan I came there, I wente over
ynto Sothewarke agayne, and there laye ij dayes and too         #
nyghtys;
and the thyrd nyghte, whan yt was somewhate darke, I entryd
ynto shyp of Andwarpe, and so went downe to Graveseend. Ther
they caste ankeer, and went al a lande, and lefte me aborde     #
with a
man and a boye. I, ferynge the sarchars, that they wold have    #
hade
me to shoore, and there beynge so well knowyn as I was, I       #
knewe yt
<P 213>
was the next waye to brynge me before a justys to be examyned,
and so to be returnyd bake agayne to London, and than suer I    #
ham
that I had dyed for yt, I loked yn my purse and there was iij   #
pystolets.
I toke one of them, and gave yt unto the man that was
abord with me, and dysyeryd hym to goo ashore to the master of
the shype, and he to be a meane unto the searchares for me whan
they came a shypbord to searche; and trwely yt pleasyd God so
to worke yn their hartys that I fownd greate favor at their
handys, for when one of them had examynyd me, and that very
straytly, he asked of me whate my name was. "Thomas Mowntayne
ys my name, (sayed I,) I wyll never denye yt, nor never dyd, I
prays God for yt." "Naye, (sayd he,) that ys not your name, for
I knewe hym wel inoughe; his father and I were sarvantes to     #
kyng
Harye the viij. and also to kynge Edwarde, and I hame swere     #
that
Rychard Mowntaynes son was bornte, sence thys quene Marye came
yn." "Syr, credyt me, I praye yow, for I ham the verye same
man that nowe talkethe with yow. Yn dede God hathe myghtyllye
delte with me, and most marsyfullye hathe dellyveryd me from    #
the
cruell handes of bludye men; and nowe beholde my lyffe ys yn    #
your
handys. I maye not ressyste yow, nor wyl not; but jentely       #
submytynge
myselve unto yow, dysyerynge your lawfull favore that I
maye pase thys porte; and God I truste, that ys the hye         #
searcher
above, and knowethe the secrettes of all men's [{hearts{] ,     #
shall one
daye reward yow openlye, accordynge as he hathe promysyd.
   Than begane he to water hys plantes, sayenge unto me, "Syr,  #
I
thowghte once never to have seene yow agayne; yow are grown
owte of my knolledge; and, seynge that yt ys the wyll of God    #
that
yow shold not dye by ther crwelty, I truste that your blud shal
never be requyryd at my handys. I wyl not molleste yow; but
thys I warne yow of, yn anye wyse, that yow keep yourselve as
cloose as yow can, for here ys one of the promotars, that       #
goythe
yn the same shyp that yow goo yn." "Whoo ys that?" sayed I.
<P 214>
"Yt ys one mr. Bearde, (sayd he,) dwellynge yn Flet stret, a    #
marchante
tayeler." "I knowe hyme wel, (sayd I,) and he me."
"Wel! (sayd he,) God be with yow! for yonder he commythe, and
all the passyngeres with hym."
   So we partyd, and I wente ynto the mastares cabbone, and     #
there I
laye tyl that wee were enteryd the mayne sease. Than came I     #
forthe
to refreche myselve, and Bearde seyenge me, began to blushe,    #
saynge
unto me, "Ser, whate make yow here?" "Trwely, (sayd I,) I
hame of the same myend that yow are off." "Yow knowe not my
myend," sayd he. "Whatesoever youres ys, I mean to goo to
Andwarpe, God wyllynge, (sayd I,) and so doo yow I trowe."
"Whate wyll yow doo there? (sayed he,) yow are no marchante
man as I hame, and the reste that be here." "Mr. Bearde, whate
the rest ys that be here, I knowe not; but as for your          #
marchawntryes
and myne, yn some poyntes I thynke they be mouche alyke; but
whan that yow and I shall meet yn the Ingleshe burse together,
yow shall see whate cheare that I can make yow. Yn the meane
tyme, let us as frendys be mery together, I pray yow." "Naye,
(sayd he,) I wolde I had mete yow at Gravysend, that I myghte
have made yow some good chere there; but yt was not my fortone
so to doo, and I ham verye sory for yt, beleve me and yow       #
wyll."
"Syr, I thanke God, yt ys better as yt ys. I knowe your cheare
wel inowghte, and Jhon Avayellyes to." With that he wente
downe under the hachys, and told all the pasyngars what an      #
ranke
herytyke I was, "for yt ys marvel (sayd he) that the shype      #
dothe
not synke, havynge so wyked a man yn yt as he ys; and           #
therefore,
good jentelmen, I praye yow hartely take heed and beware of     #
hym.
I hade rather than my welffete cote that he and I were at       #
Grafsend
agayn." Than came the marchawntes up to me, and callyd for
meate and wyne, havynge good store there of their owne          #
provysyon,
and they made me great chere, bydynge me yn anye wyse to take
head of Beard. These were marchantes of Danske, and hade to doo
<P 215>
here yn London with moste of the aldermen, unto home they gave
a good reporte. Now I, thynkynge to prevente Beard of further
trouble that by hym and hys procuremente myght hape unto me
apon my aryvall at Andwarp, whysperyd the master yn the eare,
and dysyeryd hym hartely to land us at Dounkerke, "for I wyll   #
ryde
the rest by waggon, God wyllynge, and so shall I be ryde of mr.
Beardes companye." I ham content, (saythe the master of the     #
shype,)
for I ham werye alredye (saythe he,) of hys companye. The       #
worson
pape shall come no more yn myne sckepe!"
   So to Downekerke we came, and Beard wente fyrste alande, and
bade us all welcome, "for (sayd he) I wyll be our stuard, and   #
we
wyll fayer well and ther be anye good chear yn the towne." Than
came we to our hoste's howse [{and{] supte altogether. That     #
beynge
done, we wente to our lodgyng, and so yt fel owte that Beard
and I sholde lye togeather, and so dyd; but before he wente to  #
bed,
he knellyd hyme down at the bedsyed, and made apon hys bodye,   #
as
I thynke, xl. crossys, sayenge as manye (^Ave Marya's^) , but   #
nother
Crede nor Pater noster. Than he shewyd us whate monye he had:
ther was bothe golde and sylver, and that plentye. At mydnyghte
the master of the shype toke hys tyed, and wente hys waye.
Mr. Beard, upe yn the mornynge by tyme, went downe to the
water syed to loke for the shype; and when he sawe yt was       #
goone,
he came and tolde us, swerynge and chaffynge lyke a made man,
sayeing that kyng Phyllyp shold knowe of yt, howe he was usyd.
Than sente he all abowghte, to knowe yf anye wente at the nexte
tyed folowynge. Yn the meane tyme, I toke my waggon and
wente my wayes, and that was the laste tyme that ever I sawe    #
hym;
but afterward I was ynformyd by credable parsones that he had
spente all hys monye, bothe hys velffete cote and also hys      #
lyvere
cote that he had of quene Mary, and so came home poore and      #
bare,
<P 216>
beynge verye syke and weake, and yn Holborne dyed moste         #
myserably, 
full of lyse. Beholde hys end! God graunte he dyed hys 
sarvante. Amen! 



<B CEBIO1>
<Q E1 NN BIO ROPER>  
<N LIFE OF MORE>
<A ROPER WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ROPER, WILLIAM.
THE LYFE OF SIR THOMAS MOORE, KNIGHTE,
WRITTEN BY WILLIAM ROPER, ESQUIRE,
WHICHE MARIED MARGREAT, DAUGHTER OF 
THE SAYED THOMAS MOORE.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 197.
ED. E. V. HITCHCOCK.
LONDON, 1958 (1935).
PP. 29.19 - 44.7    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 82.8  - 95.22   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 29>
   Nowe while Sir Thomas Moore was Chauncellour of
the Duchy, the sea of Roome chaunced to be void,
<P 30>
which was cause of much trouble. For Cardinall Wolsey,
a man very ambitious, and desirous (as good hope and
likelyhod he had) to aspire vnto that dignity, perceaving
himself of his expectacion disapointed, by meanes of the
Emperour Chare[{l{]es so highely comendinge one Cardinall
Adrian, sometyme his scholemaster, to the Cardinalls of
Roome, in the tyme of their election, for his vertue and
worthines, that therevppon was he chosen Pope; who
from Spayne, where he was then resident, cominge on
foote to Roome, before his entry into the Citye, did put
of his hosen and showes, barefoote and barlegged passing
throwe the streates towards his pallaice, with such
humblenes that all the people had him in greate reuerence;
Cardinall Wolsey, I say, waxed so wood therwith,
that he studied to invent all waies of reuengment
of his grief against the Emperour; which, as it was the
begininge of a lamentable tragedye, so some parte [{of it{]
as not impertinent to my present purpose, I recknid
requisite here to put in remembraunce.
   This Cardinall therefore, not ignorant of the kings
inconstante and mutable disposicion, soone inclined to
withdrawe his devotion from his owne most noble,
vertuous, and lawfull wif, Queene Katherine, awnt to
<P 31>
themperour, vppon euery light occasion, and vppon other,
to her in nobility, wisdome, vertue, favour and bewtye
farre incomparable, to fixx his affection, meaning to
make this his so light disposition an instrument to bring
aboute his vngodly intent, devised to allure the kinge
(then alredye, contrary to his mind, nothing les lookinge
for, fallinge in love with the Ladye Anne Bullen) to
cast fantasy to one of the Frenche kings Sisters: which
thing, because of the Enmity and warre that was at that
tyme betweene the French king and the Emperour
(whom, for the cause afore remembred, he mortally
maligned) he was [{very{] desirouse to procure; And for
the better atcheving thereof, requested Langland,
Bishoppe of Lincolne, and ghostly father to the kinge,
to put a scruple into [{his graces{] head, that itt was not
lawfull for him to marry his brothers wife: which the
kinge, not sory to heare of, opened it first to Sir Thomas
Moore, whose councell he required therein, shewing
hym certaine places of scripture that somewhat seemed
to serve his appetite; which, when he had pervsed, and
<P 32>
thervppon, as one that had never professed the
studye of divinity, himself excused to be vnmeete many
waies to medle with suche matters, The king, not satisfied
with this awneswer, so sore still pressed vppon him    
therefore, that in conclusion he condiscended to his
graces motion. And further, forasmuche as the [{case{]
was of such importaunce as needed [{great{] advisement
and deliberation, he besought his grace of sufficient
respite advisedly to consider of it. Wherewith the king,
well contented, said vnto him that Tunstall and Clark,
Byshoppes of Dirham and Bathe, with other lerned of
his pryvy Councell, should also be dealers therein.
   So Sir Thomas Moore departing, conferred those
places of scripture with expositions [{of diuers{] of [{the{]
old holy doctors; and at his cominge to the courte, in
talking with his grace of thafore [{sayd{] matter, he said:
   "To be plaine with your grace, neyther my lord of
Dyrham nor my lord of Bathe, thoughe I knowe them
both to be wise, vertuous, learned and honorable prelates,
nor my self, with the rest of your councell, being all
your graces owne seruants, for your manifold benefites
<P 33>
dailey bestowed on vs so most bounden to you, be, in
my iudgment, meete councelors for your grace herin.
But if your grace mind to vnderstand the truth, suche
councellors may you haue devised, as neither for respecte
of their owne worldly comoditye, nor for feare of your
princely aucthority, will be inclined to deceave you."
To whom he named [{then{] St Hierome, St Awsten, and
divers other [{old{] holy doctors, both greekes and latines;
and moreover shewed him what aucthorities he had
gathered out of them; which, althoughe the kinge (as
disagreable with his desire) did not very well like of,
yeat were they by Sir Thomas Moore, who in all his
communicacion with the king in that matter had alwaies
most discreetely behaved himself, so wisely tempered,
that he bothe presently tooke them in good parte, and
oftetimes had thereof conferens with him agayne.
   After this were there certaine questions among his
councell proponed, whether the king needed in this case
to have any scruple at all; and if he had, what way
were best [{to be taken{] to deliuer him of it. The most
parte of whom were of opinion that there was good   
<P 34>
cause [{of scruple{] , and that for discharginge of it, sute
were [{mete to be{] made to the Sea of Rome, where the
king hoped by liberalty to obtaine his purpose; wherein
as it after appeared, he was far deceaved.
   Then was there for the triall and examinacion of this
matrimony procured frome Rome a comission, in which
Cardinall Campegius and Cardinall Wolsey were ioyned
Comissioners; who, for the determination thereof, sate
at the Black Friers in London, where A libell was put
in for the adnullinge of the said matrimony, alleaging the
mariage betweene the king and Queene to be vnlawfull.
And for proof of the mariage to be lawfull, was
there brought in a dispensation, in which, after divers
disputacions theron holden, there appeared an imperfection,
which, by an instrument or breif, vppon search
found in the Tresury of Spaine, and sent to the Comissioners
into England, was supplied. And so should
iudgment [{haue{] bine geuen by the Pope accordingly,
had not the king, vppon intelligens thereof, before the
[{same{] iudgement, appealed to the next generall councell.
After whos appellacion the cardinall vppon that matter
sate no longer.
   It fortuned before the matter of the said matrimony
<P 35>
brought in question, when I, in talke with Sir Thomas
Moore, of a certaine ioy comended vnto him the happy
estate of [{this{] Realme, that had so chatholike a prince
that no heretike durst shewe his face, so vertuous and
learned a clergy, so grave and sound a nobility, and
so loving, obedient subiectes, all in one faithe agreing
together: "Troth it is indeed, sonne Roper," quoth he,
and in comending all degrees and estates of the same
went farre beyond me, "And yeat, sonne Roper, I pray
god," [{said{] he, "that some of vs, as highe as we
seeme to sitt vppon the mountaynes, treading heretikes
vnder our feete like antes, live not the day that we
gladly wold wishe to be at a league and composition
with them, to let them haue their churches quietly to
themselfes, so that they wold be contente to let vs have
ours quietly to our selves." After that I had told him
many consideracions why he had no cause so to say:
"Well," said he, "I pray god, sonne Roper, some of vs
live not till that day," shewing me no reason why [{he{]
should put any doubte therein. To whom I said: "By
my troth, sir, it is very desperately spoken." That vyle
tearme, I cry god mercy, did I geeue him. Who, by thes
<P 36>
wordes perceiuinge me in a fvme, said merily vnto me:
"Well, well, sonne Roper, It shall not be so, It shall not
be so." Whom, in xvj yeares and more, being in house
conuersant with him, I could neuer perceiue as much
as once in a fvme.
   But nowe to retorne againe where I lefte. After the
supplieng of the Imperfections of the dispensation, sent
(as is [{before rehersed{] ) to the Comissioners into England,
the kinge, taking the matter for ended, and then [{meaninge{]
no farther to proceed in that matter, assigned
the Bishoppe of Durham and Sir Thomas Moore to goe
Embassadors to Cambray, a place neyther Emperiall
nor Frenche, to treate a peace betweene the Emperour,
the French king, and him. In the concluding whereof
Sir Thomas Moore so worthily handled himself, procuring
in our league far more benefites vnto this realme then at
that time by the kinge or his Councell was thought
<P 37>
possible to be compassed, that for his good service in
that voiage, the kinge, when he after made him Lord
Chauncelour, caused the Duke of Norffolke openley to declare
vnto the people (as you shall heare hereafter [{more
at large{] ) howe much all England was bound vnto him.
   Nowe vppon the coming home of the Byshoppe of
Dyrham and Sir Thomas More from Cameray, the king
was as earnest in persuading Sir Thomas Moore to agree
vnto the matter of his mariage as before, by many and
divers waies provoking him thereunto, For the which
cause, as it was thought, he the rather soone after made
him Lord Chauncelor; And further declar[{ing{] vnto 
him that, thoughe at his goinge ouer Sea to Cameray,
he was in vtter dispaire thereof, yeat he had conceaved
since some good hope to compasse it. For albeit his
mariage, being against the positive lawes of the churche
and the written Lawes of god, was holpen by the dispensation,
yeat was there another thinge found out of
Late, he said, whereby his mariage appeared to be so
directly against the lawe of nature, that it could in no
wise by the church be dispensable; As Doctor Stokesley
<P 38>
(whom he had then preferred to be Byshoppe of London,
and in that case cheifly credited) was able to instructe
him, with whom he praied him in that point to conferre.
But for all his conferens with him, he sawe nothing of
such force as coulde induce him to chaunge his opinion
therein: which notwithstandinge, the Bishoppe shewed
himself in his reporte of him to the kings highnes so good
and favorable that he said he found him in his graces
cause very towarde, and desirouse to find some good
matter wherewithe he might truly serve his grace to his
contentation.  
   This Bishopp Stokesley, being by the Cardinall not
long before in the Starre Chamber openley put to rebuke
and awarded to the Fleete, not brooking this contumelious
vsage, and thincking that Forasmuch as the Cardinall,
for lack of such forwardnes in setting forthe the kings
divorse as his grace looked for, was out of his highnes
favour, he had nowe a good occassion offred him to
revenge his quarell against him, further to incense the
kings displeasure towards him, busily travailed to invente
some collorable devise for the kings furtheraunce in that
<P 39>
behalfe; which (as before is mencioned) he to his grace
revealed, hoping thereby to bring the kinge to the
better liking of himself, and the more mislikinge of the 
Cardinall; whom his highnes therefore soone after of
his office displaced, and to Sir Thomas Moore, the rather
to move him to incline to his side, the same in his steede
committed.
   Who, betweene the Dukes of Norffolke and Suffolk,
being brought throwghe Westminster Hall to his place
in the Chancery, The Duke of Norffolke, in Audiens of
all the people there assembled, shewed that he was from
the kinge himself straightly charged, by speciall comission,
there openly, in presens of them all, to make
declaration howe much all England was beholdinge to
Sir Thomas Moore for his good service, and howe worthy
he was to haue the highest roome in the realme, and
howe dearly his grace loved and trusted him, for which,
said the duke, he had greate cause to reioyce. Wherunto
Sir Thomas Moore, among many other his hvmble
and wise sayengs not nowe in my memory, awneswered,
That althoughe he had good cause to take comforte of
his highnes singuler Favour towards him, that he had,
farre aboue his desertes, so highly comended him,
<P 40>
to whom [{therfore{] he acknowledged himself most deeply
bounden; yeat, neuertheles, he must for his owne parte
needes confes, that in all things by his grace alleaged he
had done no more then was his duty; And further
disabled himself as vnmeete for that roome, wherein,
considering howe wise and honourable a prelate had
lately before taken so greate a fall, he had, he said,
thereof no cause to reioice. And as they had [{before{] ,
on the kings behalf, charged him vprightly to minister
indifferent iustice to the people, without corruption or
affection, So did he likewise charge them againe, that if
they sawe him, at any time, in any thinge, digresse from
any parte of his duty in that honorable office, euen as
they wold discharge theyr owne duty and fidelitye to
god and the kinge, so should they not faile [{to disclose it{]
to his grace, who otherwise might haue iust occasion to
lay his fault wholy to their Charge. 
  While he was Lorde Chauncelor, being at leisure (as
seldome he was) one of his sonnes in Lawe [{on a tyme{]
said merily vnto him: "When Cardinall Wolsey was
lord Chauncelour, not only divers of his privye Chamber,
but such also as were his doorekeepers gatt greate gayne."
<P 41>
And since he had maried one of his daughters, and gaue
still attendaunce vppon him, he thought he mighte of
reason looke for some; where he indeed, because he
was [{so{] redy himself to heare euery man, poore and
riche, and kepte no doores shut from them, could find
none; which was to him a great discourage. And
wheras els, some for freindshippe, some for kinred, and
some for profitte, wold gladly haue [{had{] his furtheraunce
in bringing them to his presens, If he should nowe take
any thinge of them, he knewe, he said, he should do them
greate wronge, For that they might do as muche for
them selfes as he could do for them: Which condicion,
althoughe he thought in Sir Thomas Moore very comendable,
yeat to him, said he, being his sonne, he found it
nothing profitable.
   When he had told him this tale: "You saie well,
sonne," quoth he; "I do not mislike that you are of
conscience so scrupulous, but many other waies be there,
<P 42>
sonne, that I may both do your self good, and pleasure
your freind also. For sometyme may I by my word
stand your Frend in steede, and sometime may I by my
letter helpe him; or if he haue a cause depending before
me, at your request I may heare him before another.
Or if his cause be not all the best, yeat may I moue the
parties to fall to some reasonable end by arbitrement.
Howbeit, this one thing, sonne, I assure thee on my 
faith, that if the parties will at my handes call for iustice,
then, al were it my father stood on the one side, and the
Divill on the tother, his cause being good, the Divill
should haue right." So offred he his sonne, as he
thoughte, he said, as much favour as with reason he
coulde require.
And that he wold for no respecte digresse from iustice,
well appered by a pleine example of another of his
sonnes in lawe called master Heron. For when he,
having a matter before him in the Chauncery, and
presuminge to much [{of{] his favour, wold by him
in no wise be perswaded to agre to anye indifferent
<P 43>
order, then made he in conclusion a flatt decre against
him.
   This Lord Chauncelour vsed comonly euery after
noone to sitt in his open haule, to thentent [{that{] , if any
persons had any suite vnto him, they might the more
boldly come to his presens, and there open their complaintes
before him; whose manner was also to reade
euery bill himself, ere he wold award any sub pena; 
which bearing matter [{sufficient{] worthy a sub pena,
wold he sett his hand vnto, or els cancell it.
   Whensoeuer he passed throughe westminster hall to
his place in the Chauncery by the courte of the kinges
Benche, if his father, one of the Judges there[{of{] , had
bine sate ere he came, he wold goe into the same courte,
and there reuerently kneeling downe in the sight of
them all, duly aske his fathers blessinge. And if it
fortuned that his father and he, at readings in Lincolnes
Inne, mett together, as they sometime did, notwithstanding
his highe office, he wold offer in argument the
prehemynens to his father, thoughe he, for his office
sake, wold refuse to take it. And for the better declaration
of his naturall affection towards his father, he not
<P 44>
only, while he lay [{on{] his death bedd, [{accordinge to his
dutie{] , ofte times with comfortable wordes most kindly
came to visite him, But also at his departure out of the
world, with teares taking him about the necke, most
lovingly kissed and imbraced him, commending him
into the mercifull handes of almighty god, and so departed
from him. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 82>
   When Sir Thomas Moore had continued a good while
in the Tower, my Lady, his wife, obtayned lycens to see
him; who, at her first cominge, like a simple ignorant
woman, and somewhat worldly too, with this manner
of salutacion bluntlye saluted him:
   "What the good yere, master Moore," quoth she, "I
mervaile that you, that have bine alwaies hitherto taken
for so wise a man, will nowe so play the foole to lye
heare in this close, filthy prison, and be content thus to
be shut vpp amongst mise and rattes, when you might
be abroade at your libertye, and with the favour and
good will both of the kinge and his Councell, If yow
wold but doe as all the Byshops and best learned of this
realme [{haue{] done. And seinge you have at Chelsey a
<P 83>
right faire house, your library, your bookes, your gallery,
your garden, your orchard, and all other necessaries so
handsome aboute you, where you might in the company
of me your wife, [{your{] children, and howshold be
meerye, I muse what a gods name you meane heare still
thus fondly to tarye."
   After he had a while quietly heard her, with a chearefull
countenaunce he said vnto her:
   "I pray thee, good mistris Alice, tell me one thinge."
   "What is that?" quoth shee.
   "Is not this house," quoth he, "as nighe heauen as
my owne?"
   To whom shee, after hir accustomed homely fashion,
not liking such talke, awneswered, "Tylle valle, Tylle
valle!"
   "Howe say you, mistris Alice," quoth he, "is itt not
so?"
   " (\Bone deus, bone deus\) , [{man{] , will this geare neuer
be lefte?" quoth shee.
   "Well then, mistris Ales, if it be so," [{quoth he{] , "it
is very well. For I see no greate cause why I should
much Ioye [{either{] of my gay house or [{of{] any thinge
belonginge therunto; when, if I should but seuen yeares
lye buried vnder the ground, and then arise and come
[{t{]hither againe, I should not faile to find some therein
<P 84>
that wold bid me get [{me{] out of doores, and tell me it
were none of mine. What cause haue I then to like
such an house as wold so soone forgett his master?"
   So her perswasions moved him but a litle.
   Not longe after came there to him the Lord Chauncelour,
the dukes of Norfolke and Suffolk, with master
Secretory and certaine other of the privy Counsaile, at
two seuerall times, by all pollicies possible procuringe
him, eyther precisely to confesse the supremacy, or precisely
to denye it; wherunto, as appeareth by his
examination[{s{] in the said great book, they could neuer
bringe him.
   Shortlye herevppon, master Riche, afterwardes Lord
Riche, then newlye made the kings Solicitor, Sir Richard
Sowthwell, and one master Palmer, servaunt to the Secretory,
were sent to Sir Thomas Moore into the Tower, to
fetche away his bookes from him. And while Sir
Richard Southwell and master Palmer were busye in the
trussing vppe of his bookes, master Rich, pretending
freindly talke with him, amonge other things, of a sett
cours, as it seemed, saide thus vnto him:
<P 85>
   "Forasmuch as it is well knowen, master Moore, that
you are a man bothe wise and well learned aswell in the
lawes of the realme as otherwise, I pray you therefore,
Sir, lett me be so bold as of good will to putte vnto you
this case. Admitt there were, Sir," quoth he, "an acte 
of parliament that all the Realme should take me for
kinge. Wold not you, master Moore, take me for
kinge?"
   "Yes, sir," quoth Sir Thomas Moore, "that wold 
I."
   "I put case further," quoth master Riche, "that
there were an acte of parliament that all the Realme
should take me for Pope. Wold not you then,
master Moore, take me for Pope?"
   "For awneswer, [{Sir{] ," quoth Sir Thomas Moore, "to
your firste case: the parliament may well, master
Riche, medle with the state of temporall princes. But
to make awneswer to your other case, I will put you
this case: Suppose the parliament wold make a lawe
that god shold not be god. Wold you then, master
Riche, say that god were not god?"
<P 86>
   "No, Sir," quoth he, "that wold I not, sith no
parliament maye make any such lawe."
   "No more," said Sir Thomas Moore, as master Riche
reported of him, "could the parliament make the kinge
Supreame head of the churche."
   Vppon whose onlye reporte was Sir Thomas Moore
indicted of treason vppon the statute [{wherby{] it was
made treason to denye the kinge to be supreame head of
the churche. Into which indictment were putt thes 
haynouse wordes - "Maliciously, trayterouslye, and
Diabolically".
   When Sir Thomas Moore was brought from the tower
to westminster hall to awneswer the Indictment, and at
the kings bench barre before the Iudges thervppon
arraigned, he openly told them that he wold vppon
that indictment haue abidden in lawe, but that he therby
shoulde haue bine driven to confesse of himself the
matter indeede, [{that{] was the deniall of the kings
supremacye, which he protested was vntrue. Wherefore
he therto pleaded not giltye; and so reserved vnto
himself advantage to be taken of the body of the matter,
after verdicte, to avoid that Indictment; And moreouer
added [{that{] if thos only odious tearmes, "Maliciously,
traiterouslye, and diabolicallye," were put out of the
<P 87>
Indictment, he sawe therein nothinge iustlye to charge
him.    
   And for proof to the Jury that Sir Thomas Moore was
guilty of this treason, master Rich was called forth to
giue evidence vnto them vppon his oath, as he did.
Against whom [{thus{] sworne, Sir Thomas Moore began
in this wise to say: "If I were a man, my lordes, that
did not regarde an othe, I need[{ed{] not, as it is well
knowen, in this place, at this tyme, nor in this case, to
stand [{here{] as an accused person. And if this [{othe{] of
yours, master Riche, be true, then pray I that I neuer
see god in the face; which I wold not say, were it otherwise,
to winne the whole world." Then recite[{d{] he to
the courte the discourse of all theyr communicacion in
the Tower, accordinge to the truthe, and said: "In
good faithe, master Riche, I am sorye[{r{] for your
periurye then for my owne perill. And yow shall vnderstand
that neyther I, nor no man els to my knowledge,
ever tooke you to be a man of such creditt as in any
matter of importaunce I, or any other, would at anye
tyme vouchsaf to communicate with you. And I, as
<P 88>
you knowe, of no small while haue bine acquainted with
yow and your conuersacion, who haue knowen you from
your youth hitherto; For we longe dwelled both in one
parishe together, where, as your self can tell (I am sory
you compell me so to say) you were esteemed very light
of your tongue, A greate dicer, and of no comendable
fame. And so in your house at the temple, wheare
hath bine your cheif bringing vppe, were you likewise
accompted.
   "Can it therefore seeme likely vnto your honorable
Lordshipps that I wold, in so weyghty a cause, so vnadvisedlye
overshootte my self as to trust master Rich, a
man of me alwaies reputed for one of so litle truth, as
your lordshipps haue heard, So farre aboue my soueraigne
Lord the kinge, or any of his noble Councellours, that I
wold vnto him vtter the secreates of my consciens
towchinge the kings supremacye, The speciall pointe
and only marke at my handes so longe sought for: A
thinge which I neuer did, nor neuer wold, after the
statute thereof made, reveale either to the kings highnes 
himself, or to any of his honorable councell[{ours{] , as it is
not vnknowne to your honors, at sundry seuerall
times sent from his graces owne person vnto the
<P 89>
Tower vnto me for none other purpose? Can this in your
iudgments, my lordes, seeme likely to be true? And 
[{yet{] , if [{I{] had so [{done{] indeed, my lords, as master
Rich hath sworne, seing it was spoken but in Familiar
secreate talk, nothing affirminge, and only in puttinge of
cases, without other displeasaunt circumstances, it cannot
iustly be taken to be spoken maliciouslye; And
where there is no malice, there can be no offence. And
ouer this I can never thincke, my lordes, that so many
[{worthye{] Bishoppes, so many honorable parsonages,
and [{so{] many other worshippfull, vertuous, wise and
well learned men as att the makinge of that lawe were
in the parliament assembled, ever ment to haue any
man pvnished by death in whom there coulde be
found no malice, taking (\'malitia'\) [{for{]                   #
(\'maleuolentia'\) ;
For if (\'malicia'\) be generally taken for 'sinne', no
man is there then that can thereof excuse himself:
(\Quia si dixerimus quod peccatum non habemus,
nosmet ipsos seducimus, et veritas in nobis non est.\)
And only this word 'maliciously' is in the statute
<P 90>
materiall, as this terme 'forcible' is in the statute of
forcible entries; By which statute, if a man enter
peaceably, and put not his aduersary out forcibly, it is
no offence. But if he put him out forcibly, then by
that statute it is an offence, and so shall he be punished
by this tearme 'forcibly'.
   "Besides this, the manifold goodnes of the kings
highnes himself, that hath bine so many waies my singuler
good Lord and gracious soueraigne, that hath so deerely
loved and trusted me, even att my [{very{] first cominge
into his noble service with the dignity of his honourable
pryvy Councell vouchsafing to admit me, and to offices
of greate creditt and worshippe most liberally advanced
me, and finally with that waighty Roome of his graces
highe Chauncelour (the like whereof he neuer did to
temporall man before) next to his owne roiall person the
highest officer in this noble realme, so farr aboue my
merittes or qualities able and meete therefore, of his
incomparable benignity honoured and exalted me, by
the space of XX=ti= yeares and more shewing his continewall 
favour towards me, And (vntill at my owne
poore suite, it pleased his highnes, geving me licens, with
<P 91>
his maiesties favour, to bestowe the residue of my life
for the provision of my soule in the service of god, of
his especiall goodnes thereof to discharg and vnburthen
me) most beningly heaped honours continually more
and more vppon me: All this his highnes goodnes, I say,
[{so long{] thus bountifully extended towards me, were 
in my minde, my Lordes, matter sufficient to convince
this sclaunderous surmise by this man so wrongfully
imagined against me."
   Master Rich, seing himself so disproved, and his credit
so fowlye defaced, cawsed Sir Richard Southwell and
master Palmer, that at [{the{] time of their communicacion
were in the chamber, to be sworne what wordes had
passed betweene them. Wheruppon master Palmer,
vppon his deposition, said that he was so buysye about
the trussinge vppe of Sir Thomas Moores bookes in a 
sack, that he tooke no head to their talke. Sir Richard
Southwell likewise, vppon his deposition, said that because
he was apointed only to looke vnto the conveyaunce
of his bookes, he gaue no eare vnto them.
   After this were there many other Reasons, not nowe
<P 92>
in my remembraunce, by Sir Thomas Moore in his owne
defens alleaged, to the discredit of master Riches aforesaid
evidence, and proof of the cleerenes of his owne
consciens. All whiche notwithstandinge, the Jury found
him guilty. And incontinent vppon the[{ir{] verdicte,
the Lord Chauncelour, for that matter cheif Comissioner,
begininge [{to proceede{] in iudgment against him, Sir
Thomas Moore said to him: "My Lord, when I was
toward the Lawe, the manner in such case was to aske
the prisoner before Iudgment why Iudgment should not
be geuen agaynste him." Wherevppon the lord Chauncelour,
stayeng his Iudgment, wherein he had partely
proceeded, demaunded of him what he was able to say
to the contrary. Who then in this sorte moste humbly
made awneswer:
   "Forasmuch as, my Lorde," quoth he, "this Indictment
is grounded vppon an acte of parliamente directly
repugnant to the lawes of god and his holy churche, the
supreeme gouer[{n{]ment of which, or of any parte whereof,
may no temporall prince presume by any lawe to take
vppon him, as rightfully belonging to the Sea of Roome,
a spirituall preheminence by the mouth of our Sauiour
hymself, personally present vppon the earth, [{only{] to
St Peeter and his successors, Byshopps of the same Sea,
<P 93>
by speciall prerogative graunted; It is therefore in lawe
amongest Christen men insufficient to charge any
Christen man." And for proofe thereof, like as, amonge
[{diuers{] other reasons and aucthorities, he declared that 
this Realme, being but one member and [{smale{] parte
of the Church, might not make a particuler lawe disagreable
with the generall lawe of Christes vniuersall
Catholike Churche, No more then the city of London,
beinge but one poore member in respecte of the whole
realme, might make a lawe against an acte of parliament
to bind the whole realme; So farther shewed he
that it was contrary both to the lawes and statutes of
our owne Land yeat vnrepealed, As they might evidently
perceaue in (\Magna charta: Quod ecclesia Anglicana
libera sit, et habeat omnia iura sua integra et libertates
suas illaesas\) ; And also contrarye to that sacred oath
which the kinges highnes himself and euery other christian
prince alwaies with greate solemnitye receaved at
their Coronations; Alleaginge moreover that no more
might this realme of England refuse obediens to the Sea
of Roome then might the child refuse obediens to his
<P 94>
[{owne{] naturall father. For, as St Pawle said of the 
Corinthians: "I haue regenerated you, my children in
Christ," So might St Gregorye, Pope of Roome, of 
whom, by St Austyne, his messenger, we first receaved
the Christian faithe, of vs Englishmen truly saye:
"Yow are my children, because I haue geuen to you
euerlasting salvacion, a farr [{higher and{] better             #
inheritaunce
then any carnall father can leaue to his child,
and by [{re{]generation made you my spirituall children
in Christe."
   Then was it by the Lorde Chauncelour therunto
awneswered, that seinge all the Byshoppes, Vniuersities
and best learned of [{this{] Realme had to this acte agreed,
It was muche mervayled that he alone against them all
would so stiffly stick [{therat{] , and so vehemently argue
there against.
   To that Sir Thomas Moore replied, sayenge: "If the
number of Bishoppes and vniuersytyes be so materiall
as your lordeshippe seemethe to take it, Then se I litle
cause, my lorde, why that thing in my consciens should
make any chainge. For I nothinge doubte but that,
thoughe not in this realme, yeat in Christendome aboute,
of thes well lerned Bishoppes and vertuous men that
<P 95>
are yeat alive, they be not the fewer parte that be of my
mind therein. But if I should speake of those whiche
already be dead, of whom many be nowe holy sainctes in
heaven, I am very sure it is the farre greater parte of
them that, all the while [{they{] lived, thoughte in this
case that waye that I thinck nowe. And therefore am
I not bounde, my lord, to conforme my consciens to the
Councell of one Realme against the generall Councell of
Christendome."
   Nowe when Sir Thomas Moore, for thavoydinge of
the Indictment, had taken as many exceptions as he
thought meete, and [{many{] moe reasons then I can nowe
remember alleaged, The Lord Chauncelour, loth to haue
the burthen of that Iudgmente wholye to depend vppon
himself, there openlye asked thadvise of the Lord Fitz
James, then Lord Cheif Justice of the kings Bench, and
ioyned in Comission with him, whether this indictment
were sufficient or not. Who, like a wise man, awneswered:
"My lords all, By St Julian" (that was euer his
oath), "I must needes confes that if thacte of parliament
be not vnlawfull, then is not the Indictment in
my conscience insufficient."



<B CEFICT1A>
<Q E1 NI FICT MERRYTAL>
<N MERRY TALES>
<A X>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^A HUNDRED MERY TALYS, FROM THE ONLY
PERFECT COPY KNOWN.
SHAKESPEARE'S JEST BOOK.
ED. H. OESTERLEY.
LONDON: JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 1866.
PP. 18.1   - 21.29       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 22.18  - 37.14       (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 39.1   - 41.6        (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 114.1  - 115.20      (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 118.18 - 120.18      (SAMPLE 5)
PP. 126.8  - 127.4       (SAMPLE 6)
PP. 132.7  - 133.3       (SAMPLE 7)
PP. 134.15 - 136.3       (SAMPLE 8)
PP. 143.7  - 144.13      (SAMPLE 9)
PP. 145.11 - 150.3       (SAMPLE 10)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 18>
[} [\IX.\] OF HIM THAT SAYD THAT A WOMA~S TONG WAS 
LIGHTIST MET OF DEGESTIO~.}]

   A certayn artificer in londo~ there 
was which was sore syk that coud not 
well dygest hys mete/ to who~ a physyco~ 
cam to gyue hym councell & seyd y=t= he 
must vse to ete metis y=t= be light of dygestyon as 
<P 19>
small byrdys/ as sparous or swallous & especyall 
y=t= byrd y=t= ys callyd a wagtale whose fleshe 
ys meruelouse lyght of dygestyo~ because that 
byrd ys euer mouyng & styryng. The sik man 
heryng the phesicion seyd so answeryd hym & 
seyd/ Syr yf that be the cause y=t= those birdys be 
lyght of dygestyon/ Than I know a mete mych 
lyghter of dygestion tha~ other sparow swallow or 
wagtayle/ & that ys my wyuys to~g for it is neuer 
in rest but euer mouying & styrryng.
   By thys tale ye may lerne a good generall 
rule of phesyk.


[} [\X.\] OF THE WOMAN THAT FOLOWYD HER FOURTH HUSBANDYS 
HERCE & WEPT.}]

   A woman ther was whych had had 
 .iiii. husba~des. It fortunyd also that 
this fourth husband died & was 
brought to chirch vppon y=e= bere/ who~ this woma~ 
folowyd & made gret mone & wext very sory. In 
so mych that her neybours thought she wold 
sowne & dy for sorow/ wherfor one of her gossyps 
cam to her & spake to her in her ere & 
<P 20>
bad her for goddes sake to comfort her self &         
refrayne that lamentaco~n or ellys it wold hurt 
her gretly & p~auenture put her in ieoperdy of 
her lyfe. To who~ this woma~ a~sweryd & sayd/
I wys good gosyp I haue gret cause to morne if 
ye knew all/ for I haue byryed .iii. husbandys besyde 
thys man/ but I was neuer i~ the case y=t= I am 
now/ for there was not one of the~ but whe~ that 
I folowid the corse to chyrch yet I was sure 
alway of an other husba~d before that y=e= corse 
cam out of my house/ & now I am sure of no 
nother husband & therfore ye may be sure I haue      
gret cause to be sad and heuy.
   By thys tale ye may se that the olde p~uerbe 
ys trew that yt is as gret pyte to se a woman wepe 
as a gose to go barefote.


[} [\IX.\] OF THE WOMAN THAT SAYD HER WOOER CAME 
TO LATE.}]

<P 21>
   A nother woman there was that 
knelyd at y=e= mas of requie~ whyle 
the corse of her husbande lay on the 
bere in the chyrch. To whom a yonge man 
came to speke wyth her in her ere as thoughe 
hyt had bene for som matre concernyng the 
funerallys/ howe be yt he spake of no such matter 
but only wowyd her that he myghte be her husbande/ 
to whome she answeryde & sayde thus/ 
Syr by my trouthe I am sory that ye come so late/ 
for I am sped all redy/ For I was made sure yester 
day to a nother man.
   By thys tale ye may perceyue that women 
ofte tymes be wyfe and lothe to lose any tyme.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 22>
[} [\XIII.\] OF THE HORSMAN OF YRELOND THAT PRAYD 
OCONER TO HANG VP THE FRERE.}]

<P 23>
   One callyd Oconer an yrish lorde toke 
an horseman prysoner that was one of 
hys gret enmys/ whiche for any request 
or yntrety y=t= y=e= horsman made gaue iugement 
that he shulde inco~tyne~t be ha~gyd/ & 
made a frere to shryue hym and bad hym make 
hym redy to dye. Thys frere y=t= shroue hym 
examyned hym of dyuers synes & askyd hym 
amo~g othere whyche were the grettyste synnys 
that euer he dyde/ thys horseman answeryd & 
sayde one of the grettyst actys that euer I dyde 
whyche I now most repent is that when I toke 
Oconer the laste weke in a churche and ther 
I myght haue brennyd hym church and all & because 
I had conscyence & pyte of brennyng of the 
church I taryed y=e= tyme so long y=t= oconer escaped/ 
& that same deferring of brennyng of the church 
& so long taryeng of that tyme is one of the worst 
actys y=t= euer I dyd wherof I moste repente/ Thys 
frere perceyuyng hym in that mynd sayd pece 
man in the name of god & change y=t= mynde
<P 24>
& dye in charite or els thou shalt neuer come in 
heuen/ nay quod the hors man I wyll neuer 
change y=t= mynde what so euer shall come to my 
soule/ thys frere p~ceyuyng hym thys styll to contynew
hys mi~de ca~ to oconer & seyd syr in y=e= 
name of god haue some pyte vppo~ thys mannys 
sowle & let hym not dye now tyll he be in a 
better mynde/ For yf he dye now he ys so far 
out of charyte y=t= vtterly hys soule shalle be 
dampnyd/ and shewyd hym what mynde he was 
in & all the hole matter as ys before shewyd. 
Thys horsman heryng y=e= frere thys intrete for 
hym sayd to oconer thys/ Oconer thou seeyst 
well by thys mannys reporte y=t= yf I dye now
I am out of charyte & not redy to go to heuen 
& so it ys y=t= I am now out of charyte in dede/ 
but thou seest well y=t= this frere ys a good 
man he is now well dysposyd & in charyte/ 
and he is redy to go to heuen & so am not I/ 
therfore I pray the hang vp thys frere whyle that 
he hys redy to go to heuyn and lette me tary tyl 
a nother tyme y=t= I may be i~ charyte and redy & 
mete to go to heuyn. This Oconer heryng this 
mad answere of hym sparyd the man & forgaue 
hym hys lyfe at that season.
   By thys ye may se that he that is in daunger 
of his enmye y=t= hath no pyte/ he can do no better 
<P 25>
than shew to hym the vttermoste of hys malycyous 
mynde whych that he beryth toward 
hym.

[} [\XIV.\] OF THE PREST THAT SAYD NOTHER (\CORPUS MEUS\) 
NOR (\CORPUM MEUM\) .}]

   The archdekyn of Essex y=t= had bene long 
in auctoryte in a tyme of vysytacion 
when all the preestys apperyd before 
hym callyd asyde .iii. of y=e= yo~g prestys whych 
were accusyd y=t= they coud not well say theyr 
deuyne seruyce/ & askyd of the~ whe~ they sayd   
mas whether they sayd (\corpus meus\) or (\corpu~ 
meu~\) . The furst preest sayd y=t= he sayd (\corpus 
meus\) . The seco~d sayd y=t= he sayd (\corpu~ meu~\) . 
And the~ he askyd of the thyrd how he sayd/ 
whych answeryd & sayd thus / syr because it is so 
gret a dout & dyuers men be in dyuers opynyons/ 
therfore because I wold be sure I wold not offend 
whe~ I come to y=e= place I leue it clene out & say nothyng 
therfore/ wherfore he then openly rebukyd
them all thre. But dyuers that were present 
thought more defaut in hym because he hym 
<P 26>
selfe before tyme had admyttyd them to be preestys.
   By thys tale ye may se that one ought to 
take hede how he rebukyth an other lest it torne 
most to hys owne rebuke.

[} [\XV.\] OF THE .II. FRERYS WHEROF THE ONE LOUYD NOT 
THE ELE HED NOR THE OTHER THE TAYLE.}]

   Two frerys sat at a gentylmans tabyll 
whych had before hym o~ a fastyng day 
an ele & cut the hed of the ele & layd 
it vppo~ one of y=e= Freres tre~chars/ but the Frere because 
he wold haue had of y=e= myddyll part of the 
ele sayd to the gentylman he louyd no ele heddes/ 
this gentylman also cut the tayle of y=e= ele & leyd 
it on the other Freres tre~char/ he lykywyse because 
he wold haue had of the myddyll p~te of y=e= 
ele sayd he louyd no ele taylys. Thys gentylma~ 
perceyuyng that: gaue the tayle to the Frere
y=t= sayd he louyd not the hed/ & gaue the hed 
to hym that sayd he louyd not y=e= tayle. And as 
for the myddell part of the ele he ete part him 
self & part he gaue to other folke at y=e= table/
wherfore these freres for anger wold ete neuer a 
<P 27>
mossell/ & so they for all theyr craft & subtylte 
were not onely deceyued of y=e= best mossel of y=e= 
ele/ but therof had no part at al.
   By this ye se that they that couet the best 
part somtyme therfore lose the meane part and 
all.


[} [\XVI.\] OF THE WELCHMA~ THAT SHROUE HYM FOR BREKYNG 
HIS FAST ON THE FRYDAY.}]

<P 28>
   A welchman dwellynge in a wylde 
place of walys came to hys curate in 
the tyme of lent & was co~fessyd. & 
when his confessyon was in maner at the end the 
curate asked him whether he had any other 
thyng to say y=t= greuyd his co~scye~ce/ whych fore
abasshyd answeryd no word a gret whyle/ at last 
by exortacion of hys goostly fader he sayd y=t= there 
was one thyng in his mynd that gretly greuyd 
hys co~scie~ce which he was ashamed to vtter/ for
it was so greuous y=t= he trowid god wold neuer 
forgyue hym/ to whom the curate a~sweryd & 
sayd y=t= goddys mercy was aboue all/ & bad hym 
not dyspayre in the mercy of god/ For what 
so euer it was yf he were repentau~te y=t= god 
wold forgyue him/ And so by long exortacion 
at the last he shewyd it & seyd thus/ Syr it 
happenyd onis that as my wyfe was making 
a chese vppon a fryday I wold haue sayed 
whether it had ben salt or fresh and toke a 
lytyll of the whey in my hand & put it in my 
mouth & or I was ware part of it went downe 
my throte agaynst my wyll & so I brake my fast/ 
to whom the curate sayd & if ther be no nother
<P 29>
thyng I warant god shall forgiue the. So wha~ 
he had well comfortyd hym w=t= y=e= mercy of god 
the curate prayd hym to answer a question & to 
tell hym treuth/ & when the welchman had promysyd
to tell the treuth the curate sayd that 
there were robberys and murders done nye the 
place where he dwelt & dyuers men fou~d slayne 
& askyd hym whether he were co~sentyng to any 
of them/ to who~ he answerid & sayd yes & sayd 
he was p~tee to many of them & dyd helpe to 
robbe and to sle dyuers of them. Then the 
curate askyd hym why he dyd not co~fesse him 
therof/ the welch man a~sweryd & sayd he toke 
y=t= for no synne for it was a custome amonge them 
y=t= whan any boty came of any rych merchaunt
rydyng y=t= it was but a good neybours dede one 
to help a nother when one callyd a nother/ & so 
they toke that but for good felyshyp & 
neybourhod.
   Here ye may se y=t= some haue remorse of 
conscyence of small venyall sinys & fere not to 
do gret offencys w=t=out shame of y=e= world or 
drede of god: & as y=e= co~en puerb is they stu~ble 
at a straw & lepe ouer a blok.

<P 30>
[} [\XVII.\] OF THE MERCHAU~T OF LO~DO~ THAT PUT NOBLES I~ HIS 
MOUTH I~ HIS DETH BED.}]

   A rych couetous marcha~te ther was 
y=t= dwellyd in Lo~don whych euer gaderyd 
money & coud neuer fynd in 
hys hert to spend noght vppon hym self nor 
vppon no ma~ els/ whych fell sore syk/ & as he 
lay on hys deth bed had hys purs lyeng at his 
beddys hed/ & had suche a loue to hys money 
that he put his hand in his purs & toke out thereof 
 .x. or .xii. li i~ nobles & put them in his mouth/ 
And because his wyfe and other p~ceyuyd him 
very syk and lyke to dye they exortyd hym to be 
confessyd and brought y=e= curate vnto him/ whych 
when they had causyd hym to sey Benedicite y=e= 
curat bad hym cry god mercy & shew his synnys.
Than this syk man began to sey I cry god mercy 
I haue offendyd in y=e= .vij. dedly synnys & broken 
the .x. comaundementys/ & because of the gold 
in hys mouth he mufflede so in hys speche that
the curate cowde not well vnderstande hym/ 
wherefore the curate asked hym what he hadde 
in hys mouthe that letted hys speche/ I wys 
mastere persone quod the syk man muffelynge 
<P 31>
I haue nothyng in my mouth but a lyttyll money 
because I wot not whether I shall go I thoughte 
I wolde take some spendyng money wyth me for 
I wot not what nede I shall haue therof/ And 
incontynent after that seyynge dyed before he 
was confessed of repentant that ony man could 
perceue/ and so by lykelyhode went to the 
deuyll.
   By thys tale ye may se that they that all 
theyre lyuys wylle neuer do charyte to theyr 
neyghbours/ that god in tyme of theyr dethe 
wyll not suffer them to haue grace of 
repentaunce.

[} [\XVIII.\] OF THE MYLNER THAT STALE THE NUTTYS & OF 
THE TAYLER THAT STALE A SHEPE.}]

<P 32>
   There was a certayn ryche husbandman 
in a vyllage whych loued nottes 
meruelously well & set trees of silberdys 
& other nut trees in his orchard/ & norishid 
them well all hys lyfe/ & when he dyed he made 
hys executours to make promise to bery w=t= hym 
yn hys graue a bage of nottis or els they sholde 
not be hys executours/ which executours for 
fere of losyng theyre romys fulfyllyd hys wyll 
& dyd so. It happenyd y=t= the same nyght after
that he was beryed there was a mylnere in a 
<P 33>
whyte cote came to this ma~ys garden to the~te~t 
to stele a bag of nottis/ & in y=e= way he met 
w=t= a tayler in a blak cote an vnthrift of hys      
accoyntau~ce & shewyd hym hys intent/ This 
tayler lykewyse shewyd hym y=t= he inte~dyd y=e= 
same tyme to stele a shepe/ & so they both there 
agreyd to go forthward euery man seuerally 
w=t= hys purpose & after y=t= they apoynted to make 
good chere ech w=t= other & to mete agayne in y=e= 
chyrch porch/ & he that came furst to tary for 
the other.
   This mylner when he had spede of hys nottis 
came furst to the chyrch porche & there taryed 
for hys felowe and the mene whyle satte styll 
there & knakked nottys.
   It fortuned than the sexten of the church because 
yt was abowt .ix. of the clok cam to ryng 
curfu. & when he lokyd in y=e= porch & saw one 
all in whyte knakkyng nottes/ he had went it 
had bene y=e= dede man rysen owt of hys graue 
knakkynge y=e= nottes y=t= were byryed w=t= hym & 
ran home agayn in all hast and tolde to a krepyll 
y=t= was in hys howse what he had sene. This 
crepyll thus heryng rebukyd y=e= sexten & seyd y=t= 
<P 34>
yf he were able to go he wold go thyder & co~iure 
y=e= sprite/ by my trouth quod y=e= sexten & yf thou 
darst do y=t= I wyl bere the on my nek & so they 
both agreed. The sexten toke y=e= crepul on hys 
nek & cam in to y=e= chyrchyard agayn/ & y=e= 
mylner in y=e= porch saw one comyng bering a 
thing on his bak had went it had ben y=e= taylour      
co~myng w=t= the shepe & rose vp to mete the~/ & 
as he cam towarde the~ he askeyd & seyd/ Is he 
fat/ is he fat/ y=e= sexten heryng hym sey so/ for 
fere cast the crepull down & seyd fat or lene take  
hym ther for me/ and ran away/ & the creple by 
myracle was made hole & ra~ away as fast as he 
or faster/ This mylner perceyuing y=t= they were 
 .ii. & y=t= one ran after a nother supposyng y=t= one 
had spyed y=e= tayler stelyng y=e= shepe & y=t= he had 
ron after hym to haue taken hym/ and fered y=t= 
som body also had spyed hym stelyng nottes he
for fere left hys nottes behynd hym and as secretly 
as he cowde ran home to hys myll/ And anon 
after y=t= he was gon y=e= tayler cam w=t= the stolyn 
shepe vppon hys nek to the chyrch porch to
<P 35>
seke the mylner & when he fownd ther the not 
shalys he supposyd y=t= hys felow had be ther and 
gone home as he was in dede/ wherefore he toke 
vp y=e= shepe agayne on hys nek and went to 
ward the myl/ But yet duryng this whyle the 
sexte~ which ran away went not to hys owne 
house but we~t to the p~ysh prystis cha~ber/ & 
shewd hym how the spryte of y=e= man was ryse~ 
out of hys graue knakki~g nottes as ye haue 
hard before/ wherfor y=e= prest sayd that he wold 
go co~iure hym yf the sexten wold go w=t= hym/ 
& so they both agreed/ y=e= prest dyd on hys surples 
& a stole about hys nek & toke holy water w=t= 
hym and cam w=t= the sexte~ toward y=e= church/ & 
as sone as he enteryd in to y=e= church yarde, The 
tayler w=t= the whyte shepe on hys nek intendyng 
as I before haue shewid yow to go down to y=e= 
myll met w=t= them & had went y=t= y=e= prest in hys
surples had ben y=e= mylner in hys whyte cote/ & 
seyd to hym by god I haue hym I haue hym 
meanyng by the shepe y=t= he had stolyn/ the prest 
perceyuynge the tayler all in blak & a whyte thyng 
on his nek had went it had ben y=e= deuyll beryng 
away the spryte of y=e= dede man y=t= was beryed 
& ran away as faste as he coud takyng y=e= way 
downe toward the myll/ & y=e= sexten ronnyng 
<P 36>
after hi~. This tayler seyng one folowyng hi~ had 
went y=t= one had folowed the mylner to haue don 
hym some hurt & thought he wold folow if nede 
were to help y=e= mylner. & went forth tyl he cam 
to the myll & knokked at y=e= myldore/ y=e= mylner 
beyng w=t=yn asked who was ther y=e= tayler a~swerd 
& said by god I haue caught one of them & made 
hi~ sure & tyed hym fast by y=e= leggys menynge by 
the shepe y=t= he had stolen & had the~ on hys nek 
tyed fast by the leggys. But the mylner heryng 
hym sey y=t= he had hym tyed fast by the leggys 
had wente it had be~ the constable y=t= had take~
the tayler for stelyng of the shepe & had tyed 
him by the leggys/ & ferid y=t= he had comen to 
haue taken hym also for stelyng of the nottys/ 
wherfore the mylner openyd a bak dore & ran 
away as fast as he coud. The taylour heryng 
the bak dore openyng we~t on y=e= other syde of y=e= 
myll/ & there saw the mylner ronnyng away/ & 
stode there a littyl whyle musyng w=t= y=e= shepe on    
his nek. Then was the parysh preest & the 
sexte~ standyng there vnder the mylhouse hydyng 
them for fere & saw the taylour agayn w=t= y=e= 
shepe on his nek had wend styll it had bene the       
dyuyll w=t= the spryt of the dede man on hys nek 
& for fere ran away/ but because they knew not 
<P 37>
the ground well/ the preest lepte into a dyche 
almost ouer the hed lyke to be drounyd that he 
cryed wyth a loud voyce help help. Then the 
taylour lokyd about & saw the mylner ron~e away 
& the sexten a nother way & hard the preest cry 
help: had wend it had bene the co~stable w=t= a 
gret co~pany cryeng for help to take hym & to 
bryng hym to pryson for stelyng of y=e= shepe 
wherfore he threw downe the shepe & ran away 
a nother way as faste as he coud/ & so euery 
man was afferd of other wythout cause.
   By thys ye may se well it is foly for any 
man to fere a thyng to mych tyll that he se some 
proue or cause.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 39>
[} [\XX.\] OF THE WOMAN THAT POWRYD THE POTAGE 
IN THE TUGGYS MALE.}]

   There was a iustyce but late in y=e= 
realme of englond called master Uauyfour 
a very homly man & rude of 
condycions & louyd neuer to spe~d mych money/ 
This master Uauyfour rode on a tyme in hys 
cyrcute in a place of the north co~trey where he
had agreed w=t= the shyryf for a certayn some of 
money for hys chargys thorowe the shyre so 
that at euery Inne & lodgyng thys master vauefour 
payd for hys own costys. It fortunyd so 
y=t= when he cam to a certayn lodgyng he co~maunded 
one Torpyn hys serua~t to se y=t= he vsed 
good husbondry & to haue suche thynges as were 
last & to cary it w=t= hym to serue hym at the next     
baytyng. Thys Torpyn doyng hys masters co~mau~deme~t 
toke y=e= brokyn brede brokyn mete & 
all sych thi~g y=t= was last & put it in hys male/
The wyfe of y=e= house p~ceyuyng y=t= he toke all 
suche fragmentys & vytayle w=t= hym y=t= was last 
<P 40>
& put it in hys male/ she brought vp y=t= podege 
y=t= was last i~ the pot & when torpyn had torned   
hys bak a lytyll syde she pouryd y=e= podege in to 
y=e= male whych ran vpon hys robe of skarlet & 
other hys garme~tys & rayed them very euyll 
that they were mych hurt therw=t=. Thys Torpyn 
sodeynly tornyd him & saw it/ reuylyd the 
wyfe therfor & ran to hys master & told hym 
what she had don/ wherfor master Uauefour
inco~tine~t callyd y=e= wyfe & seyd to her thus. 
Thou drab quod he what hast thou do~ why hast 
thou pouryd y=e= podege in my male & marryd my 
rayme~t & gere/ O syr quod y=e= wyfe I know well 
ye ar a iudge of y=e= realme/ & I perceyue by you: 
your mi~d is to do ryght & to haue that that is your 
owne/ & your mynd is to haue all thyng w=t= you 
y=t= ye haue payd for/ both brokyn brede mete & 
other thynges y=t= is left: & so it is reason that ye 
haue/ & therfore because your seruant hath taken 
the brede & the mete & put it i~ your male I 
haue therfore put in your male the podege y=t= be 
last because ye haue well & truly payd for them 
<P 41>
for yf I shuld kepe ony thyng from you y=t= ye 
haue payd for: peraduenture ye wold troble me 
in the law an other tyme.
   Here ye may se y=t= he y=t= playth the nygarde 
to mych sometyme yt torneth hym to hys owne 
losse.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 114>
[} [\LXVI.\] OF THE MAN THAT WOLD HAUE THE POT STAND 
THERE AS HE WOLD.}]

   A yonge man late maryed to a wyfe 
thowght it was good polycy to get the 
maystry of her in the begynnynge. 
Cam to her the pot sethynge ouer y=e= fyre all 
though the mete therin were not inough sodenly 
co~maundyd her to take the pot from the fyre. 
whyche answeryd & sayde that y=e= mete was not 
redy to ete. And he sayd agayne I wyll haue 
it taken of for my pleasure. This good woman 
loth yet to offend hym set y=e= pot besyde the fyre 
as he bad. And anone after he co~mau~ded her 
to set the pot behynde the dore/ & she sayd therto 
agayne ye be not wyse therin. But he precisely 
sayd it sholde be so as he bad. And she gentylly
<P 115>
agayne did his co~mau~dment. This man yet 
not satysfyed co~maunded her to set the pot a 
hygh vpon the hen rost/ what quod y=e= wyf 
agayne I trow ye be mad. And he fyersly 
than co~maunded her to set it there or els he 
sayd she sholde repe~t She somewhat aferde to 
moue his pacience toke a ladder and set it to 
the roost/ and we~t herself vp the ladder and toke 
the pot in her hande prayeng her husbande than 
to holde the ladder fast for slydynge/ whiche so 
dyd.
   And whenne the husbande lokyd vp and sawe 
the Potte stande there on hyght he sayde thus. 
Lo now standyth the pot there as I wolde haue 
it This wyfe herynge that sodenly pouryd the 
hote potage on his hed & sayd thus. And now 
bene the potage there as I wolde haue them.
   By this tale men may se it is no wysedome 
for a man to attempte a meke woma~s pacye~ce 
to far lest it torne to his owne hurte & damage. 

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 118>
[} [\LXIX.\] OF THE SKOLER OF OXFORD THAT PROUYD BY 
SOUPHESTRY .II. CHEKYNS .III.}]

<P 119>
   A rych frankelyn in y=e= contrey hauynge 
by his wyfe but one chyld and no mo 
for the grete affeccyon that he had to 
his sayde chylde founde hym at Oxford to scole 
by the space of .ii. or .iii. yere. This yonge 
scoller in a vocacyon tyme for his dysport came 
home to his fader.
   It fortuned afterwarde in a nyght the fader 
y=e= moder & the sayde yonge scoller syttynge at 
supper hauynge befor them no more mete but 
onely a cople of chykyns the fader sayd this wyse. 
Sone so it is that I haue spent moch money vpon 
the to synde y=e= to scole/ wherfore I haue grete 
desyre to know what hast lernyd. To whom y=e= 
sone answerde & sayde. Fader I haue studyed 
souestrye & by that scyence I can proue y=t= these 
<P 120>
 .ii. chykyns in y=e= dysh be thre chykyns. Mary 
sayd y=e= fader that wolde I fayne se. The scoller 
toke one of y=e= chykyns in his hand & sayd. Lo 
here is one chykyn/ and inco~tynent he toke both 
y=e= chykyns in his hand ioyntly & sayd here is .ii. 
chykyns and one & .ii. maketh .iii. Ergo here 
is .iii. chykyns. Then the fader toke one of the 
chykyns to hymselfe and gaue another to his 
wyfe & sayd thus. Lo I wyll haue one of y=e= 
chykyns to my parte/ & thy moder shall haue 
another & bycause of thy good argument thou 
shalt haue y=e= thyrde to thy supper/ for thou 
getteyst no more mete here at this tyme/ whiche 
promyse the fader kept & so the scoller went       
without his supper.
   By this tale men may se that it is grete foly 
to put one to scole to lerne any subtyll scyence 
whiche hath no naturall wytte. 

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P 126>
[} [\LXXIV.\] OF THE COURTEAR THAT DYD CAST THE FRERE 
OUER THE BOTE.}]

   A courtyer & a frere happenyd to 
mete togyder in a fery bote & in 
co~munycacyon betwene them fell at 
wordys angry & dyspleasyd eche with other/ & 
fought & strogled togyder/ so that at the last y=e= 
courtyer cast the frere ouer the bote/ so was     
y=e= frere drowned. The feryma~ whiche had ben 
a man of warre the most parte of his lyfe before 
and seynge the frere was so drowned & gon sayd 
thus to the courtyer/ I beshrewe thy hart thou         
sholdest haue taryed & foughte with hym a lande 
for nowe thou hast caused me to lese an halfpeny 
for my fare.
<P 127>
   By this tale a man may se that he y=t= is ac-costumed 
in vycyous & cruel company shall lose 
that noble vertew to haue pyte & compassyon 
vpon his neyghboure. 

<S SAMPLE 7>
<P 132>
[} [\LXXIX.\] OF HYM THAT ADUENTURYD BODY & SOWLE 
FOR HYS PRYNCE.}]

   Two knyghtes there were whiche went 
to a stondyng felde w=t= theyr prynce. 
But one of them was co~fessyd before 
he went/ but the other we~t into the felde w=t=out 
shryft or repe~tau~ce/ afterward this pri~ce wa~ y=e= 
feld & had y=e= vyctorye y=t= day/ wherfore he y=t= was 
co~fessyd came to y=e= pri~ce & askyd an offyce & 
sayd he had deseruyd it for he had don good 
seruyce & adue~tured that day as far as ony man 
in y=e= felde/ to who~ the other y=t= was vnco~fessyd 
answeryd and sayd nay by the mas I am more 
worthy to haue a rewarde than he/ for he ad-uenturyd 
but his body for your sake for he durst 
not go to y=e= felde tyl he was co~fessyd/ but as for 
<P 133>
me I dyd iup~d both body lyfe & soule for your 
sake/ for I went to the felde without co~fessyon 
or repentan~ce.
<P 134>
   By this ye may se that some curatys that
loke full holyly be but desemblers & ypocrytis.

<S SAMPLE 8>
<P 134>
[} [\LXXXII.\] OF THE FRERE THAT SAYD DYRIGE FOR THE 
HOGGYS SOWLE.}]

<P 135>
   Upon a tyme certayn women in the 
countrey were appoynted to deryde 
and mokke a frere a lymytour that 
vsyd moche to vysyth them. wherupon one of 
them a lytyll before that the frere came kylled 
an hog & for dysport leyd it vnder the borde 
after the maner of a corse and tolde the frere it 
was her good ma~ and desyred hym to say dirige 
for his soule wherfore the frere and his felaw 
began Placebo and Dirige and so forth sayd the        
seruyse full deuowtly which the wyues so heryng/ 
coude not refrayne them selfe from lawghynge 
and wente in to a lytyll parler to lawgh more
at theyr plesure. These frerys somwhat suspected 
the cause and quykly or that y=e= women were 
ware lokyd vnder the borde and spyed that it 
was an hog/ sodenly toke it bytwene them and 
bare it homeward as fast they myght. The 
women seyng that ran after the frere and cryed 
come agayn mayster frere come agayne and let 
it allone/ nay by my fayth quod y=e= frere he is a      
broder of oures and therfore he must nedys be 
buryed in our cloyster/ and so the frerys gate 
the hog.
<P 136>
   By thys ye may se that they that vse to 
deryde and mok other somtyme it tornyth to 
theyr one losse and damage.

<S SAMPLE 9>
<P 143>
[} [\LXXXIX.\] OF MASTER WHYTTYNTONS DREME.}]

   Sone after one mayster Whyttinto~ had 
bylded a colege on a nyght as he slept 
he dremyd that he sad in his church 
& many folkys ther also/ & further he dremyd 
y=t= he sawe our lady in the same chyrch w=t= a glas 
of goodly oyntement in her hand goynge to one
askyng hym what he had done for her sake/ 
whiche sayd that he had sayd our ladys sauter 
euery day wherfore she gaue hym a lytyll of the 
oyle. And anon she went to another askyng 
hym what he had done for her sake which sayd 
that he had sayd .ii. ladys sauters euery day/ 
wherfore our lady gaue hym more of y=e= oy~tement 
than she gaue y=e= other. This mayster whyttento~
<P 144>
then thought that when our lady sholde come to 
hym she wolde gyue hym all the hole glas bycause 
y=t= he had bylded such a gret colege & was very 
glad in his mynd. But whe~ our lady cam to
hym she asked hym what he had suffred for her 
sake/ which wordys made hym gretly abashyd 
bycause he had nothyng to say for hym selfe/ & 
so he dremyd that for all the gret dede of
byldyng of y=e= sayd Colege he had no parte of y=t= 
goodly oyntement.
   By this ye may se that to suffer for goddys 
sake is more merytoryous than to gyue gret 
goodys.

<S SAMPLE 10>
<P 145>
[} [\XCI.\] OF THE MALTMAN OF COLBROKE.}]

   A certayne maltman of colbroke 
whiche was a very couetous wreche 
and had no pleasure but onely to get 
money came to london to sell his malt and 
broughte with hym .iiii. capons & there re-seyuyd 
 .iiii. or .v. li. for malte and put it in a      
lytell purs tyed to his cote and after wente aboute 
the strettys to sell his capons whom a pollyng 
<P 146>
felowe that was a dycer and an vnthryft had 
espyed and Imagyned how he myght begyle the 
man other of his capons or of his money and 
came to this maltman in the street berynge these 
capons in his hande and askyd hym how he wolde 
sell his capons and when he had shewyd hym the 
pryse of them he bad hym go with hym to his 
mayster and he wolde shew them to his mayster 
and he wolde cause hym to haue money for them 
wherto he agreed. This Poller wente to the 
cardynalls hat in lomberdys strete & when he 
came to the dore he toke the capons from the 
maltman and bad hym tary at the dore tyll he
had shewed his mayster and he wolde come agayn 
to hym and brynge hym his money for them. 
This poller when he had goten the capons wente 
in to the house and wente thorowe the other bak 
entre in to Cornhyll and soo toke the capons with     
hym/ and when this maltman had stond there a 
good season he askid one of the tauerners where 
the man was that had the Capons to shewe to 
his mayster/ mary quod the tauerner I can not 
tell the here is nother mayster nor man in this 
house for this entre here is a comen hye way and 
gooth in to cornhyl/ I am sure he is gone a weye 
with thy capo~s. This maltman herynge that ran 
throwe the entre in to cornhyll and askyd for a 
felowe in a tawny cote that had capons in his 
<P 147>
hand. But no man coude tell hym whiche waye 
he was gone and soo the maltman loste his capons 
and after wente in to his Inne all heuy and sade 
and toke his horse to thentent to ryde home. 
This poller by that tyme had chaungyd hys ray-ment 
and borowyd a furryd gowne and came to 
the maltman syttynge on horsbak and sayd thus/ 
good man me thought I harde the inquire euyn 
now for one in a tawny cote that had stolyn from 
the .iiii. capo~s yf thou wylt gyue me a quart of   
wyne go with me and I shall brynge y=e= to a place 
where he syttyth drynkyng with other felowes 
& had y=e= capons in his hande. This maltman
beynge glad therof grau~tyd hym to gyue hym 
the wyne bycause he semyd to be an honest man/ 
and went w=t= hym vnto the dagger in chepe. 
This poller then sayd to hym go thy way streyght 
to thend of y=t= long entre & there thou shalt se 
whether it be he or no & I wyl holde thy horse 
here tyll thou come agayn. This maltman 
thynkyng to fynde the felow with his capo~s 
we~t in & left his horse with the other at the 
dore. And as soone as he was gon in to the 
house this poller lad the horse awaye in to his
owne lodgynge. This maltman inqueryd in the 
house for his felowe with the capons but no man 
coude tell hym no tydyngs of suche man/ wher-fore 
he came agayne to y=e= dore all sad & lokyd
<P 148>
for hym y=t= had his hors to kepe/ & bycause he 
sawe hym not he askyd dyuers there for hym/ & 
some sayd they saw hym & some sayde they saw 
hym not/ but no man coude tell whiche waye 
he was gone wherfore he wente home to his 
Inne more sad tha~ he was before/ wherfore his 
host gaue hym cou~cell to get hym home & be-ware 
how he trustyd any men in londo~. This 
maltman seynge none other co~fort went hys hy 
way homewarde.
   This poller which lyngeryd alway there aboute 
the Inne hard tell that the maltman was goyng 
homewarde a fote apparelyd hym lyke a mannys 
prentyse & gat a lytell boget stuffyd full of stones
on his bake & wente before hym to charynge 
crosse & taryed tyll y=e= maltman came/ & askyd 
hym whether he wente whiche sayd to Colbroke. 
Mary quod y=e= other I am glad therof for I must goo 
to braynforde to my mayster to bere hym money 
which I haue in my boget & I wolde be glad of 
co~pany. This maltman bycause of his owne money 
was glad of his co~pany/ & so they agreed & wente 
togyder a whyle. At the last this poller went
somwhat before to knyghtbryge & sat vpon y=e= 
brydge & restyd hym with his boget on his bak/ 
& when he saw y=e= maltma~ almost at hym he let 
his boget fall ouer y=e= brydge in to y=e= water. & 
incontynent start vp & sayd to y=e= maltman alas 
<P 149>
I haue let my boget fal in to y=e= water & there is 
 .xl. li. of money therin/ yf thou wylt wade in to 
y=e= water & go seke it & get it me agayne I shall     
gyue y=e= .xii. pence for thy labour/ this maltman 
hauynge pyte of his losse & also glad to get the 
 .xii. pence plukyd of his hose cote & shyrt & 
wadyd into y=e= water to seke for the boget. And 
in y=e= mene whyle this poller gote his clothis & 
cote wher to the purs of money was tyde & lepte 
ouer the hedge & wente to westmynster.
   This maltman within a whyle after with grete 
payne & depe wadynge founde y=e= boget & came 
out of the water & sawe not his felowe there & 
sawe that his clothys & money were not there as
he left them suspectyd y=e= mater and openyd the 
boget and than founde nothynge therin but stonys 
cryed out lyke a mad man and ran all nakyd 
to london agayne and sayde alas alas helpe or 
I shall be stolen. For my capons be stolen. 
My hors is stolen. My money and clothys 
be stolen and I shall be stolen myself. And so 
ran aboute the stretys in london nakyd & mad 
cryenge alway I shall be stole. I shall be stolen. 
And so contynuyd mad durynge his lyfe & so 
dyed lyke a wretche to the vtter destruccyon of 
hym self & shame to all his kyn.
   By this tale ye may se that many a couet-ouse 
wrech y=t= louyd his good better than god and 
<P 150>
settyth his mynde inordynatly theron by the ryghte 
iugment of god oftymes comyth to a myserable
and shamfull ende. 



<B CEFICT1B>
<Q E1 NI FICT HARMAN>
<N CAVEAT>
<A HARMAN THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HARMAN, THOMAS.
A CAVEAT OR WARENING FOR COMMEN
CURSETORS VULGARELY CALLED VAGABONES.
FROM THE 3RD EDITION OF 1567...
COLLATED WITH THE 2ND EDITION OF 1567
IN THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY, OXFORD,
AND WITH THE REPRINT OF THE 4TH EDITION
OF 1573.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 9. 
ED. E. VILES & F. J. FURNIVALL.
LONDON, 1937 (1869, 1898). 
PP. 36.30 - 42.25   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 67.22 - 73.30   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 36>
[}A ROGE. CAP. 4.}]

   A Roge is neither so stoute or hardy as the vpright man.
Many of them will go fayntly and looke piteously when they
see, either meete any person, hauing a kercher, as white as my
shooes, tyed about their head, with a short staffe in their     #
hand, 
haltinge, although they nede not, requiring almes of such as    #
they
<P 37>
meete, or to what house they shal com. But you may easely       #
perceiue
by their colour that thei cary both health and hipocrisie about
them, wherby they get gaine, when others want that cannot fayne
and dissemble. Others therebee that walke sturdely about the    #
countrey,
and faineth to seke a brother or kinsman of his, dwelling
within som part of the shire; - ether that he hath a letter to  #
deliuer
to som honest housholder, dwelling out of an other Shyre, and   #
will
shewe you the same fayre sealed, with the superscription to
the partye he speaketh of, because you shall not thinke him to  #
runne
idelly about the countrey; - either haue they this shyfte,      #
they wyll
cary a cirtificate or pasport about them from som Iusticer of   #
the
peace, with his hand and seale vnto the same, howe hee hath     #
bene
whipped and punished for a vacabonde according to the lawes of
this realme, and that he muste returne to .T., where he was     #
borne or
last dwelt, by a certayne daye lymited in the same, whiche      #
shalbe a
good longe daye. And all this fayned, bycause without feare     #
they
woulde wyckedly wander, and wyll renue the same where or when   #
it
pleasethe them; for they haue of their affinity that can wryte  #
and
read. These also wyll picke and steale as the vpright men, and  #
hath
their women and metinges at places apoynted, and nothinge to    #
them
inferiour in all kynde of knauery. There bee of these Roges
Curtales, wearinge shorte clokes, that wyll chaunge their       #
aparell, as
occation seruethe. And their end is eyther hanginge, whiche     #
they
call trininge in their language, or die miserably of the        #
pockes.
   There was not long sithens two Roges that alwaies did        #
associate
them selues together, and would neuer seperat them selues,      #
vnles it
were for some especiall causes, for they were sworn brothers,   #
and
were both of one age, and much like of favour: these two,       #
trauelinge
into east kent, resorted vnto an ale house there, being weried  #
with
traueling, saluting with short curtisey, when they came into    #
the
house, such as thei sawe sitting there, in whiche company was   #
the
parson of the parish; and callinge for a pot of the best ale,   #
sat downe
at the tables ende: the lykor liked them so well, that they     #
had pot
vpon pot, and sometyme, for a lytle good maner, would drinke    #
and
offer the cup to such as they best fancied; and to be short,    #
they sat
<P 38>
out al the company, for eche man departed home aboute their
busines. When they had well refreshed them selues, then these
rowsy roges requested the good man of the house wyth his wyfe   #
to
sit downe and drinke with them, of whome they inquired what     #
priest
the same was, and where he dwelt: then they fayninge that they
had an vncle a priest, and that he should dwel in these         #
partes, which
by all presumptions it should be he, and that they came of      #
purpose
to speake with hym, but because they had not sene hym sithens   #
they
were sixe yeares olde, they durst not be bold to take           #
acquayntance
of him vntyl they were farther instructed of the truth, and     #
began to
inquier of his name, and how longe he had dwelt there, and how
farre his house was of from the place they were in: the good    #
wyfe of
the house, thynkinge them honest men without disceit, because   #
they
so farre enquyred of their kinseman, was but of a good zelous   #
naturall
intent, shewed them cherefully that hee was an honest
man and welbeloued in the parish, and of good welth, and had    #
ben
there resident xv. years at the least; 

<Q E1 NI FICT HARMAN>
<N CAVEAT>
<A HARMAN THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR IMAG>


<P 38>
"but," saith she, "are you both
brothers?" "yea, surely," said they, "we haue bene both in one
belly, and were twinnes." "Mercy, god!" quoth this folish       #
woman;
"it may wel be, for ye be not much vnlike," - and wente vnto    #
her
hall windowe, callinge these yong men vnto her, and loking out
therat, pointed with her fingar and shewed them the house       #
standing
alone, no house nere the same by almoste a quarter of a myle;
"that," sayd she, "is your vncles house." "Nay," saith one of
them, "he is not onely my vncle, but also my godfather." "It    #
may
well be," quoth she, "nature wyll bind him to be the better     #
vnto
you." "Well," quoth they, "we be weary, and meane not to        #
trouble
our vncle to-night; but to-morowe, god willinge, we wyll see    #
him
and do our duty: but, I pray you, doth our vncle occupy         #
husbandry?
what company hath he in his house." "Alas!" saith she, "but one
old woman and a boy, he hath no occupying at al: tushe," quoth
this good wife, "you be mad men; go to him this night, for hee
hath better lodging for you then I haue, and yet I speake       #
folishly
against my own profit, for by your taring here I should gaine   #
the
more by you." "Now, by my troth," quoth one of them, "we thanke
<P 39>
you, good hostes, for your holsome councel, and we meane to     #
do as
you wyll vs: we wyl pause a whyle, and by that tyme it wylbe    #
almost
night; and I praye you geue vs a reckeninge," - so, manerly     #
paying
for that they toke, bad their hoste and hostes farewell with    #
takinge
leaue of the cup, marched merelye out of the dores towardes     #
this
parsones house, vewed the same well rounde about, and passed by
two bowshotes of into a younge wodde, where they laye           #
consultinge
what they shoulde do vntyll midnight. Quoth one of them, of
sharper wyt and subtyller then the other, to hys fellowe,       #
"thou seest
that this house is stone walled about, and that we cannot well  #
breake
in, in any parte thereof; thou seest also that the windowes be  #
thicke
of mullions, that ther is no kreping in betwene: wherefore we   #
must
of necessytie vse some policye when strength wil not serue. I   #
haue
a horse locke here about me," saith he; "and this I hope shall  #
serue
oure turne." So when it was aboute xii. of the clocke, they     #
came to
the house and lurked nere vnto his chamber wyndowe: the dog of  #
the 
house barked a good, that with they noise, this priest waketh   #
out
of his sleepe, and began to cough and hem: then one of these    #
roges
stepes forth nerer the window and maketh a ruful and pityful    #
noise,
requiring fro Crist sake some reliefe, that was both hongry and
thirstye, and was like to ly with out the dores all nighte and  #
starue
for colde, vnles he were releued by him with some small pece of
money. "Where dwellest thou?" quoth this parson. "Alas! sir,"
saithe this roge, "I haue smal dwelling, and haue com out
of my way; and I should now," saith he, "go to any towne nowe   #
at
this time of night, they woulde set me in the stockes and       #
punishe
me." "Well," quoth this pitifull parson, "away from my house,
either lye in some of my out houses vntyll the morning, and     #
holde,
here is a couple of pence for thee." "A god rewarde you," quoth
this roge; "and in heauen may you finde it." The parson openeth
his wyndowe, and thrusteth out his arme to geue his almes to    #
this
Roge that came whining to receiue it, and quickly taketh holde  #
of his
hand, and calleth his fellowe to him, whiche was redye at       #
hande with
the horse locke, and clappeth the same about the wrest of his   #
arme,
that the mullions standing so close together for strength,      #
that for his
<P 40>
life he could not plucke in his arme againe, and made him       #
beleue,
vnles he would at the least geue them .iii. li., they woulde    #
smite of
his arme from the body. So that this poore parson, in feare to  #
lose
his hand, called vp his olde woman that lay in the loft ouer    #
him,
and wylled her to take out all the money he had, which was      #
iiij.
markes, which he saide was all the money in his house, for he   #
had
lent vi. li. to one of his neighbours not iiij daies before.    #
"Wel,"
quoth they, "master parson, if you haue no more, vpon this      #
condicion
we wil take of the locke, that you will drinke .xij. pence for
our sakes to-morow at the alehouse wher we found you, and thank
the good wife for the good chere she made vs." He promised      #
faithfully
that he would so do; so they toke of the locke, and went their
way so farre ere it was daye, that the parson coulde neuer      #
haue any
vnderstanding more of them. Now this parson, sorowfully         #
slumbering
that night betwene feare and hope, thought it was but folly to
make two sorrowes of one; he vsed contentacion for his remedy,  #
not
forgetting in the morning to performe his promise, but went     #
betims
to his neighbour that kept tiplinge, and asked angerly where    #
the
same two men were that dranke with her yester daye. "Which two
men?" quoth this good wife. "The straungers that came in when I
was at your house wyth my neighbores yesterday." "What! your
neuewes?" quoth she. "My neuewes?" quoth this parson; "I
trowe thou art mad." "Nay, by god!" quoth this good wife, "as
sober as you; for they tolde me faithfully that you were their  #
vncle:
but, in fayth, are you not so in dede? for, by my trouth, they  #
are
strau[{n{]gers to me. I neuer saw them before." "O, out vpon
them!" quoth the parson; "they be false theues, and this night
thei compelled me to geue them al the money in my house."
"Benedicite!" quoth this good wife, "and haue they so in dede?  #
as
I shall aunswere before god, one of them told me besides that   #
you
were godfather to him, and that he trusted to haue blessinge
before he departed." "What! did he?" quoth this parson; "a
halter blesse him for me!" "Me thinketh, by the masse, by
your countenance you loked so wildly when you came in," quoth
this good wife, "that somthing was amis." "I vse not to gest,"
<P 41>
quoth this parson, "when I speake so earnestly." "Why, all your
sorrowes goe with it," quoth this good wife, "and sitte downe   #
here,
and I will fil a freshe pot of ale shall make you mery agayne."
"Yea," saith this parson, "fill in, and geue me some meat; for  #
they
made me sweare and promise them faithfully that I shoulde       #
drinke
xii. pence with you this day." "What! dyd they? quoth she;
"now, by the mary masse, they be mery knaues. I warraunt you    #
they
meane to bye no land with your money; but how could they come
into you in the night, your dores being shut fast? your house   #
is
very stronge." Then this parson shewed her all the hole         #
circumstance,
how he gaue them his almes oute at the wyndowe, they
made such lamentable crye that it pytied him at the hart; for   #
he
sawe but one when he put oute his hand at the windowe. "Be
ruled by me," quoth this good wyfe. "Wherin?" quoth this        #
parson.
"By my troth, neuer speake more of it: when they shal           #
vnderstand
of it in the parish, they wyll but laugh you to skorne." "Why,
then," quoth this parson, "the deuyll goe with it," - and       #
their an
end.

<Q E1 NI FICT HARMAN>
<N CAVEAT>
<A HARMAN THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>


<P 41>
[}A WYLDE ROGE. CAP. 5.}]

   A Wilde Roge is he that is borne a Roge: he is a more subtil
and more geuen by nature to all kinde of knauery then the
other, as beastely begotten in barne or bushes, and from his
infancye traded vp in trechery; yea, and before ripenes of      #
yeares
doth permyt, wallowinge in lewde lechery, but that is counted
amongesth them no sin. For this is their custome, that when     #
they
mete in barne at night, euery one getteth a make to lye         #
wythall,
and their chaunce to be twentye in a companye, as their is      #
sometyme
more and sometyme lesse: for to one man that goeth abroad,      #
there
are at least two women, which neuer make it straunge when they
be called, although she neuer knewe him before. Then when the
day doth appeare, he rouses him vp, and shakes his eares, and   #
awaye
wanderinge where he may gette oughte to the hurte of others.    #
Yet
before he skyppeth oute of hys couche and departeth from his
darling, if he like her well, he will apoint her where to mete  #
shortlye
<P 42>
after, with a warninge to worke warely for some chetes, that    #
their
meting might be the merier.
   Not long sithens, a wild roge chaunced to mete a pore        #
neighbour
of mine, who for honesty and good natur surmounteth many.
This poore man, riding homeward from London, where he had made
his market, this roge demaunded a peny for gods sake,
to kepe him a true man. This simple man, beholding him wel, and
sawe he was of taule personage with a good quarter staffe in    #
his
hand, it much pitied him, as he sayd, to se him want; for he    #
was
well able to serue his prince in the wars. Thus, being moued    #
with
pytie, and loked in his pursse to finde out a penye; and in     #
loking
for the same, he plucked oute viii. shyllinges in whyte money,  #
and
raked therin to finde a single peny; and at the last findinge   #
one,
doth offer the same to this wylde roge: but he, seinge so much  #
mony
in this simple mans hand, being striken to the hart with a      #
couetous
desire, bid him forth wyth delyuer al that he had, or els he    #
woulde
with his staffe beat out his braynes. For it was not a penye    #
would
now quench his thirst, seing so much as he dyd: thus,           #
swallowinge
his spittel gredely downe, spoyled this poore man of al the     #
money
that he had, and lept ouer the hedge into a thicke wode, and    #
went
his waye as merely as this good simple man came home            #
sorowfully.
I once rebuking a wyld roge because he went idelly about, he
shewed me that he was a beggar by enheritance - his Grandfather
was a beggar, his father was one, and he must nedes be one by   #
good
reason.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 67>
[}A WALKING MORT. CAP. 19.}]

   These walkinge Mortes bee not maryed: these for their        #
vnhappye
yeares doth go as a Autem Morte, and wyll saye their
husbandes died eyther at Newhauen, Ireland, or in some seruice
of the Prince. These make laces vpon staues, and purses, that   #
they
cary in their hands, and whyte vallance for beddes. Manye of    #
these
hath hadde and haue chyldren: when these get ought, wither with
begging, bychery, or brybery, as money or apparell, they are    #
quickly
shaken out of all by the vpright men, that they are in a        #
meruelous
feare to care any thinge aboute them that is of any valure.     #
Where
fore, this pollicye they vse, they leaue their money now with   #
one and
then with a nother trustye housholders, eyther with the good    #
man or
good wife, some tyme in one shiere, and then in another, as     #
they
<P 68>
trauell: this haue I knowne, that iiij. or v. shyllinges, yea   #
x. shyllinges,
lefte in a place, and the same wyll they come for againe within
one quarter of a yeare, or some tyme not in halfe a yeare; and  #
all
this is to lytle purpose, for all their peuyshe pollycy;
for when they bye them lynnen or garmentse, it is taken awaye
from them, and worsse geuen them, or none at all.
   The last Sommer, (\Anno domini\) . 1566, being in familiare
talke with a walking Mort that came to my gate, I learned by    #
her
what I could, and I thought I had gathered as much for my       #
purpose
as I desired. I began to rebuke her for her leud lyfe and       #
beastly
behauor, declaring to her what punishment was prepared and      #
heaped
vp for her in world to come for her fylthy lyuinge and wretched
conuersation. 

<Q E1 NI FICT HARMAN>
<N CAVEAT>
<A HARMAN THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR IMAG>


<P 68>
"God helpe," quoth she, "how should I lyue? none
wyll take me into seruice; but I labour in haruest time         #
honestly."
"I thinke but a whyle with honestie," quoth I. "Shall I tell    #
you,"
quoth she, "the best of vs all may be amended; but yet, I       #
thanke
god, I dyd one good dede within this twelue monthes."           #
"Wherein?"
quoth I. Sayth she, "I woulde not haue it spoken of agayne."
"Yf it be meete and necessary," quod I, "it shall lye vnder my
feete." "What meane you by that?" quoth she. "I meane," quod
I, "to hide the same, and neuer to discouer it to any." "Well,"
quoth she, and began to laugh as much as she could, and sweare  #
by
the masse that if I disclosed the same to any, she woulde       #
neuer more
tell me any thinge. "The last sommer," quoth she, "I was greate
with chylde, and I traueled into east kent by the sea coste,    #
for I
lusted meruelously after oysters and muskels, and gathered      #
many,
and in the place where I found them, I opened them and eate     #
them
styll: at the last, in seking more, I reached after one, and    #
stept into
a hole, and fel in into the wast, and their dyd stycke, and I   #
had
bene drowned if the tide had come, and espyinge a man a good    #
waye
of, I cried as much as I could for helpe. I was alone, he hard
me, and repaired as fast to me as he might, and finding me      #
their fast
stycking, I required for gods sake his helpe; and whether it    #
was with
stryuinge and forcing my selfe out, or for ioye I had of his    #
comminge
to me, I had a great couller in my face, and loked red and well
<P 69>
coullered. And, to be playne with you, he lyked me so well (as  #
he
sayd) that I should there lye styll, and I would not graunt     #
him, that
he might lye with me. And, by my trouth, I wist not what to
answeare, I was in such a perplexite; for I knew the man well;  #
he
had a very honest woman to his wyfe, and was of some welth;     #
and,
one the other syde, if I weare not holpe out, I should there    #
haue
perished, and I graunted hym that I would obeye to his wyll:    #
then
he plucked me out. And because there was no conuenient place    #
nere
hande, I required hym that I might go washe my selfe, and make  #
me
somewhat clenly, and I would come to his house and lodge all    #
night
in his barne, whether he mighte repaire to me, and accomplyshe  #
hys
desire, 'but let it not be,' quoth she, 'before nine of the     #
clocke at
nyghte for then there wylbe small styrring. And I may repaire
to the towne,' quoth she, 'to warme and drye my selfe'; for
this was about two of the clocke in the after none. 'Do so,'    #
quoth
hee; 'for I must be busie to looke oute my cattell here by      #
before I
can come home.' So I went awaye from hym, and glad was I."
"And why so?" quoth I. "Because," quoth she, "hys wife, my
good dame, is my very freend, and I am much beholdinge to her.
And she hath donne me so much good or this, that I weare loth   #
nowe
to harme her any waye." "Why," quoth I, "what and it hadde
beene any other man, and not your good dames husbande?" "The
matter had bene the lesse," quoth shee. "Tell me, I prey the,"
quoth I, "who was the father of thy childe?" She stodyd a       #
whyle,
and sayde that it hadde a father. "But what was hee?" quoth I.
"Nowe, by my trouth, I knowe not," quoth shee; "you brynge me
out of my matter so, you do." "Well, saye on," quoth I. "Then I
departed strayght to the towne, and came to my dames house, And
shewed her of my mysfortune, also of her husbands vsage, in all
pointes, and that I showed her the same for good wyll, and      #
byde her
take better heede to her husbande, and to her selfe: so shee    #
gaue me
great thankes, and made me good cheere, and byd me in anye case
that I should be redye at the barne at that tyme and houre we   #
had
apoynted; 'for I knowe well,' quoth this good wyfe, 'my husband
wyll not breake wyth the. And one thinge I warne the, that thou
<P 70>
geue me a watche worde a loud when hee goeth aboute to haue his 
pleasure of the, and that shall bee "fye, for shame, fye," and  #
I wyll
bee harde by you wyth helpe. But I charge the keepe thys secret
vntyll all bee fynesed; and holde,' saythe thys good wyfe,      #
'here is
one of my peticotes I geue thee.' 'I thanke you, good dame,'
quoth I, 'and I warrante you I wyll bee true and trustye vnto
you.' So my dame lefte me settinge by a fyre with meate
and drynke; and wyth the oysters I broughte with me, I hadde    #
greate
cheere: shee wente strayght and repaired vnto her gossypes      #
dwelling
there by; and, as I dyd after vnderstande, she made her mone to
them, what a naughtye, lewed, lecherous husbande shee hadde,    #
and
howe that she coulde not haue hys companye for harlotes, and    #
that
she was in feare to take some fylthy dysease of hym, he was so
commen a man, hauinge lytle respecte whome he hadde to do with
all; 'and,' quoth she, 'nowe here is one at my house, a poore   #
woman
that goeth aboute the countrey that he woulde haue hadde to doe
withall; wherefore, good neyghboures and louinge gossypes, as   #
you
loue me, and as you would haue helpe at my hand another tyme,
deuyse some remedy to make my husband a good man, that I may
lyue in some suerty without disease, and that hee may saue his  #
soule
that God so derelye bought.' After shee hadde tolde her
tale, they caste their persinge eyes all vpon her, but one      #
stoute dame
amongst the rest had these wordes - 'As your pacient bearinge   #
of
troubles, your honest behauiour among vs your neyghbours, your
tender and pytifull hart to the poore of the parysh, doth moue  #
vs to
lament your case, so the vnsatiable carnalite of your           #
faithelesse husbande
doth instigate and styre vs to deuyse and inuent some speedy
redresse for your ease and the amendement of hys lyfe.          #
Wherefore,
this is my councell and you wyll bee aduertysed by me; for I    #
saye
to you all, vnlesse it be this good wyfe, who is cheefely       #
touched in
this matter, I haue the nexte cause; for hee was in hande wyth  #
me
not longe a goe, and companye had not bene present, which was   #
by
a meruelous chaunce, he hadde, I thinke, forced me. For often   #
hee
hath bene tempering with me, and yet haue I sharpely sayde him
<P 71>
naye: therefore, let vs assemble secretly into the place where  #
hee
hathe apuynted to meete thys gyllot that is at your house, and  #
lyrke
preuelye in some corner tyll hee begyn to goe aboute his        #
busines.
And then me thought I harde you saye euen nowe that you had a
watche word, at which word we wyll all stepforth, being fiue    #
of vs
besydes you, for you shalbe none because it is your husbande,   #
but
gette you to bed at your accustomed houre. And we wyll cary     #
eche
of vs good byrchen rodde in our lappes, and we will all be      #
muffeled
for knowing, and se that you goe home and acquaynt that walking
Morte with the matter; for we must haue her helpe to hold, for
alwaies foure must hold and two lay one.' 'Alas!' sayth this    #
good
wyfe, 'he is to stronge for you all. I would be loth, for my    #
sake
you should receaue harme at his hande.' 'feare you not,' quoth  #
these
stout wemen, 'let her not geue the watch word vntyl his hosen   #
be
abaut his legges. And I trowe we all wylbe with him to bring
before he shall haue leasure to plucke them vp againe.' They    #
all
with on voyce ag[{r{]ed to the matter, that the way she had     #
deuised was
the best: so this good wife repaired home; but before she       #
departed
from her gossypes, she shewed them at what houre they should
preuely come in on the backsid, and where to tary their good    #
our:
so by the time she came in, it was all most night, and found    #
the walking
Morte still setting by the fyre, and declared to her all this   #
new
deuyse aboue sayd, which promised faythfully to full fyll to    #
her small
powre as much as they hadde deuysed: within a quarter of an     #
oure
after, in commeth the good man, who said that he was about his 
cattell. "Why, what haue we here, wyfe, setting by the fyre?    #
and
yf she haue eate and dronke, send her into the barne to her     #
lodging
for this night, for she troubeleth the house." "Euen as you     #
wyll
husbande," sayth his wyfe; "you knowe she commeth once in two
yeres into these quarters. Awaye," saythe this good wyfe,
"to your lodginge." "Yes, good dame," sayth she, "as fast as I
can:" thus, by loking one on the other, eche knewe others       #
mynde,
and so departed to her comely couche: the good man of the house
shrodge hym for Ioye, thinking to hym selfe, I wyll make some   #
pastyme
with you anone. And calling to his wyfe for hys sopper, set
<P 72>
him downe, and was very plesant, and dranke to his wyfe, and    #
fell
to his mammerings, and mounched a pace, nothing vnderstanding   #
of
the bancquet that was preparing for him after sopper, and       #
according
to the prouerbe, that swete meate wyll haue sowre sawce: thus,  #
when
he was well refreshed, his sprietes being reuyued, entred into  #
familiare
talke with his wife, of many matters, how well he had spent
that daye to both there proffytes, sayinge some of his cattell  #
were
lyke to haue ben drowned in the dyches, dryuinge others of his
neyghbours cattell out that were in his pastures, and mending   #
his
fences that were broken downe. Thus profitably he had consumed
the daye, nothinge talking of his helping out of the walkinge   #
Morte
out of the myre, nether of his request nor yet of her promisse.
Thus feding her with frendly fantacyes, consumed two houres and
more. Then fayninge howe hee would se in what case his horse
were in and howe they were dressed, Repaired couertly into the
barne, where as his free[{n{]dlye foes lyrked preuely, vnlesse  #
it were
this manerly Morte, that comly couched on a bottell of strawe.
"What, are you come?" quoth she; "by the masse, I would not
for a hundreth pound that my dame should knowe that you were
here, eyther any els of your house." "No, I warrant the," sayth
this good man, "they be all safe and fast ynough at their       #
woorke,
and I wylbe at mine anon." And laye downe by her, and strayght
would haue had to do with her. "Nay, fye," sayth she, "I lyke
not this order: if ye lye with me, you shall surely vntrus you  #
and
put downe your hosen, for that way is most easiest and best."
"Sayest thou so?" quoth he, "now, by my trouth agred." And
when he had vntrussed him selfe and put downe, he began to      #
assalt
the vnsatiable fort "Why," quoth she, that was with out shame,
sauinge for her promes, "And are you not ashamed? "neuer a
whyte," sayth he, "lye downe quickely." "Now, fye, for shame,
fye," sayth shee a loude,whyche was the watche word. At the
which word, these fyue furious, sturdy, muffeled gossypes       #
flynges
oute, and takes sure holde of this be trayed parson, sone       #
pluckinge
his hosen downe lower, and byndinge the same fast about his     #
feete;
<P 73>
then byndinge his handes, and knitting a hande charcher about   #
his
eyes, that he shoulde not see; and when they had made hym sure
and fast, Then they layd him one vntyll they weare windles. "Be
good," sayth this Morte, "vnto my maister, for the passion of   #
God,"
and layd on as fast as the rest, and styll seased not to
crye vpon them to bee mercyfull vnto hym, and yet layde on a    #
pace;
and when they had well beaten hym, that the bloud braste        #
plentifullye 
oute in most places, they let hym lye styll bounde. With
this exhortation, that he shoulde from that tyme forth knowe    #
his
wyfe from other mens, and that this punishment was but a        #
flebyting
in respect of that which should followe, yf he amended not his 
manners. Thus leuynge hym blustering, blowing, and fominge for
payne, and malyncolye that hee neither might or coulde be       #
reuenged
of them, they vanyshed awaye, and hadde thys Morte with them,
and safely conuayde her out of the towne: sone after commeth    #
into
the barne one of the good mans boyes, to fet some haye for his  #
horse.
And fyndinge his maister lyinge faste bounde and greuouslye     #
beaten
with rodes, was sodenly abashed and woulde haue runne out       #
agayne
to haue called for helpe; but his maister bed hym come vnto hym
and vnbynd hym; "and make no wordes," quoth he, "of this. I
wylbe reuenged well inoughe;" yet not with standinge, after     #
better
aduyse, the matter beinge vnhonest, he thought it meter to let  #
the
same passe, and, not, as the prouerbe saythe, to awake the      #
sleping
dogge. "And, by my trouth," quoth this walkinge Morte, "I come
nowe from that place, and was neuer there sythens this parte    #
was
playde, whiche is some what more then a yeare. And I here a     #
very
good reporte of hym now, that he loueth his wyfe well, and      #
vseth
hym selfe verye honestlye; and was not this a good acte? nowe,  #
howe
saye you?" "It was pretely handeled," quoth I, "and is here     #
all?"
"Yea," quoth she, "here is the ende."



<B CEPLAY1A>
<Q E1 XX COME UDALL>
<N ROISTER>
<A UDALL NICHOLAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V VERSE>
<T DRAMA COMEDY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^UDALL, NICHOLAS.
ROISTER DOISTER.
THE MALONE SOCIETY REPRINTS.
LONDON: JOHN JOHNSON AND
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS,
1934 (1935) (FACSIMILE).
LL. 131  - 401      (SAMPLE 1)
LL. 1037 - 1188     (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P L. 131>
(^Math. Mer.^) But is your loue tell me first, in any wise,
In the way of Mariage, or of Merchandise;
If it may otherwise than lawfull be founde,
Ye get none of my helpe for an hundred pounde.
(^R. Royster.^) No by my trouth I woulde haue hir to my Wife.
(^M. Mery.^) Then are ye a good man, and God saue your life,
And what or who is she, with whome ye are in loue;
(^R. Royster.^) A woman whome I knowe not by what meanes to     #
moue.
(^M. Mery.^) Who is it; (^R. R.^) A woman yond. (^M. M.^) What  #
is hir name;
(^R. Royster.^) Hir yo~der. (^M. M.^) Who~; (^R. R.^) Mistresse #
ah. (^M. M.^) Fy fy for shame
Loue ye, and know not whome; but hir yonde, a Woman,
We shall then get you a Wyfe, I can not tell whan.
(^R. Royster.^) The faire Woman, that supped wyth us            #
yesternyght,
And I hearde hir name twice or thrice, and had it ryght.
(^M. Mery.^) Yea, ye may see ye nere take me to good cheere     #
with you,
If ye had, I coulde haue tolde you hir name now.
(^R. Royster.^) I was to blame in deede, but the nexte tyme     #
perchaunce:
And she dwelleth in this house. (^M. M.^) What Christia~        #
Custance.
(^R. Royster.^) Except I haue hir to my Wife, I shall runne     #
madde.
(^M. Mery.^) Nay vnwise perhaps, but I warrant you for madde.
(^R. Royster.^) I am vtterly dead vnlesse I haue my desire.
(^M. Mery.^) Where be the bellowes that blewe this sodeine      #
fire;
(^R. Royster.^) I heare she is worthe a thousande pounde and    #
more.
(^M. Mery.^) Yea, but learne this one lesson of me afore,
An hundred pounde of Marriage money doubtlesse,
Is euer thirtie pounde sterlyng, or somewhat lesse,
So that hir Thousande pounde yf she be thriftie,
Is muche neere aboute two hundred and fiftie,
Howebeit wowers and Widowes are neuer poore.
(^R. Royster.^) Is she a Widowe; I loue hir better therefore.
(^M. Mery.^) But I heare she hath made promise to another.
(^R. Royster.^) He shall goe without hir, and he were my        #
brother.
(^M. Mery.^) I haue hearde say, I am right well aduised,
That she hath to Gawyn Goodlucke promised.
<P L. 165>
(^R. Royster.^) What is that Gawyn Goodlucke; (^M. M.^) a       #
Merchant man.
(^R. Royster.^) Shall he speede afore me; nay sir by sweete     #
Sainct Anne.
Ah sir, Backare quod Mortimer to his sowe,
I wyll haue hir myne owne selfe I make God a vow.
For I tell thee, she is worthe a thousande pounde.
(^M. Mery.^) Yet a fitter wife for your maship might be founde:
Suche a goodly man as you, might get one wyth lande,
Besides poundes of golde a thousande and a thousande,
And a thousande, and a thousande, and a thousande,
And so to the summe of twentie hundred thousande,
Your most goodly personage is worthie of no lesse.
(^R. Royster.^) I am sorie God made me so comely doubtlesse.
For that maketh me eche where so highly fauoured,
And all women on me so enamoured.
(^M. Mery.^) Enamoured quod you; haue ye spied out that;
Ah sir, mary nowe I see you know what is what.
Enamoured ka; mary sir say that againe,
But I thought not ye had marked it so plaine.
(^R. Royster.^) Yes, eche where they gaze all vpon me and       #
stare.
(^M. Mery.^) Yea malkyn, I warrant you as muche as they dare.
And ye will not beleue what they say in the streete,
When your mashyp passeth by all such as I meete,
That sometimes I can scarce finde what aunswere to make.
Who is this (sayth one) sir (^Launcelot du lake^) ?
Who is this, greate (^Guy^) of Warwike, sayth an other;
No (say I) it is the thirtenth (^Hercules^) brother.
Who is this; noble (^Hector^) of (^Troy^) , sayth the thirde;
No, but of the same nest (say I) it is a birde.
Who is this; greate (^Goliah, Sampson^) , or (^Colbrande^) ?
No (say I) but it is a brute of the Alie lande. 
Who is this; greate (^Alexander^) ? or (^Charle le Maigne^) ?
No, it is the tenth Worthie, say I to them agayne:
I knowe not if I sayd well. (^R. R.^) Yes for so I am.
(^M. Mery.^) Yea, for there were but nine worthies before ye    #
came.
<P L. 199>
To some others, the thirde (^Cato^) I doe you call.
And so as well as I can I aunswere them all.
Sir I pray you, what lorde or great gentleman is this;
Maister Ralph Roister Doister dame say I, ywis.
O Lorde (sayth she than) what a goodly man it is,
Woulde Christ I had such a husbande as he is.
O Lorde (say some) that the sight of his face we lacke:
It is inough for you (say I) to see his backe.
His face is for ladies of high and noble parages,
With whome he hardly scapeth great mariages.
With muche more than this, and much otherwise.
(^R. Royster.^) I can thee thanke that thou canst suche         #
answeres deuise:
But I perceyue thou doste me throughly knowe.
(^M. Mery.^) I marke your maners for myne owne learnyng I       #
trowe,
But suche is your beautie, and suche are your actes,
Suche is your personage, and suche are your factes,
That all women faire and fowle, more and lesse,
They eye you, they lubbe you, they talke of you doubtlesse.
Your peasant looke maketh them all merie,
Ye passe not by, but they laugh till they be werie,
Yea and money coulde I haue the truthe to tell,
Of many, to bryng you that way where they dwell.
(^R. Royster.^) Merygreeke for this thy reporting well of mee:
(^M. Mery.^) What shoulde I else sir, it is my duetie pardee.
(^R. Royster.^) I promise thou shalt not lacke, while I haue a  #
grote.
(^M. Mery.^) Faith sir, and I nere had more nede of a newe      #
cote.
(^R. Royster.^) Thou shalte haue one to morowe, and golde for   #
to spende.
(^M. Mery.^) Then I trust to bring the day to a good ende.
For as for mine owne parte hauing money inowe,
I coulde lyue onely with the remembrance of you.
But nowe to your Widowe whome you loue so hotte.
(^R. Royster.^) By cocke thou sayest truthe, I had almost
forgotte.
(^M. Mery.^) What if Christian Custance will not haue you what;
(^R. Roister.^) Haue me; yes I warrant you, neuer doubt of      #
that,
<P L. 233>
I knowe she loueth me, but she dare not speake.
(^M. Mery.^) In deede meete it were some body shoud it breake.
(^R. Roister.^) She looked on me twentie tymes yesternight,
And laughed so. (^M. M.^) That she coulde not sitte upright,
(^R. Roister.^) No faith coulde she not. (^M. M.^) No euen such #
a thing I cast.
(^R. Royster.^) But for wowyng thou knowest women are           #
shamefast.
But and she knewe my minde, I knowe she would be glad,
And thinke it the best chaunce that euer she had.
(^M. Mery.^) Too hir then like a man, and be bolde forth to
starte,
Wowers neuer speede well, that haue a false harte.
(^R. Roister.^) What may I best doe; (^M. M.^) Sir remaine ye a
while,
Ere long one or other of hir house will appere.
Ye knowe my minde. (^R. R.^) Yea now hardly lette me alone.
(^M. Mery.^) In the meane time sir, if you please, I wyll home,
And call your Musitians, for in this your case
It would sette you forth, and all your wowyng grace,
Ye may not lacke your instrumentes to play and sing.
(^R. Royster.^) Thou knowest I can doe that. (^M. M.^) As well  #
as any thing.
Shall I go call your folkes, that ye may shewe a cast;
(^R. Royster.^) Yea runne I beseeche thee in all possible       #
haste.
(^M. Mery.^) I goe. (\Exeat.\) (^R. R.^) Yea for I loue singyng #
out of measure,
It comforteth my spirites and doth me great pleasure.
But who commeth forth yond from my swete hearte Custance;
My matter frameth well, thys is a luckie chaunce.

[} (\ACTUS. J. SCAENA. IIJ.\) }]

(^Mage Mumble crust, spinning on the distaffe. Tibet Talk
apace, sowyng. Annot Alyface knittyng. R Roister.^)

(^M. Mumbl.^) If thys distaffe were spoonne Margerie            #
Mumblecrust.
(^Tib Talk.^) Where good stale ale is will drinke no water I
trust.
(^M. Mumbl.^) Dame Custance hath promised vs good ale and white #
bread.
<P L. 263>
(^Tib Talk.^) If she kepe not promise, I will beshrewe hir      #
head:
But it will be starke nyght before I shall haue done.
(^R. Royster.^) I will stande here a while, and talke with them #
anon,
I heare them speake of Custance, which doth my heart good,
To heare hir name spoken doth euen comfort my blood.
(^M. Mumbl.^) Sit downe to your worke Tibet like a good girle.
(^Tib Talk.^) Nourse medle you with your spyndle and your       #
whirle,
No haste but good, Madge Mumblecrust, for whip and whurre.
The olde prouerbe doth say, neuer made good furre.
(^M. Mumbl.^) Well, ye wyll sitte downe to your worke anon, I   #
trust.
(^Tib Talk.^) Soft sire maketh sweete malte, good Madge         #
Mumblecrust.
(^M. Mumbl.^) And sweete malte maketh ioly good ale for the     #
nones.
(^Tib Talk.^) Whiche will slide downe the lane without any      #
bones.
(\Cantet.\)
Olde browne bread crustes must haue much good mumblyng,
But good ale downe your throte hath good easie tumbling.
(^R. Royster.^) The iolyest wenche that ere I hearde, little
mouse,
May I not reioyce that she shall dwell in my house;
(^Tib Talk.^) So sirrha, nowe this geare beginneth for to       #
frame.
(^M. Mumbl.^) Thanks to God, though your work stand stil, your  #
to~g is not lame
(^Tib Talk.^) And though your teeth be gone, both so sharpe &   #
so fine 
Yet your tongue can renne on patins as well as mine.
(^M. Mumbl.^) Ye were not for nought named Tyb Talke apace.
(^Tib Talk.^) Doth my talke grieue you; Alack, God saue your
grace.
(^M. Mumbl.^) I holde a grote ye will drinke anon for this      #
geare.
(^Tib Talk.^) And I wyll not pray you the stripes for me to     #
beare.
(^M. Mumbl.^) I holde a penny, ye will drinke without a cup.
(^Tib Talk.^) Wherein so ere ye drinke, I wote ye drinke all    #
vp.
(^An. Alyface^) By Cock and well sowed, my good Tibet Talke     #
apace.
(^Tib Talk.^) And een as well knitte my nowne Annot Alyface.
(^R. Royster.^) See what a sort she kepeth that must be my      #
wife.
Shall not I when I haue hir, leade a merrie life;
(^Tib Talk.^) Welcome my good wenche, and sitte here by me      #
iust.
(^An. Alyface.^) And howe doth our olde beldame here, Mage      #
Mumblecrust;
(^Tib Talk.^) Chyde, and finde faultes, and threaten to         #
complaine.
<P L. 297>
(^An. Alyface.^) To make vs poore girles shent to hir is small  #
gaine.
(^M. Mumbl.^) I dyd neyther chyde, nor complaine, nor threaten.
(^R. Royster.^) It woulde grieue my heart to see one of them    #
beaten.
(^M. Mumbl.^) I dyd nothyng but byd hir worke and holde hir     #
peace.
(^Tib Talk.^) So would I, if you coulde your clattering ceasse:
But the deuill can not make olde trotte holde hir tong.
(^An. Alyface.^) Let all these matters passe, and we three sing #
a song,
So shall we pleasantly bothe the tyme beguile now,
And eke dispatche all our workes ere we can tell how.
(^Tib Talk.^) I shrew them that say nay, and that shall not be  #
I.
(^M. Mumbl.^) And I am well content. (^Tib. Talk.^) Sing on     #
then by and by.
(^R. Royster.^) And I will not away, but listen to their song,
Yet Merygreeke and my folkes tary very long.

   (^Tib, An, and Margerie, doe singe here.^)
   Pipe mery Annot. & c.
   Trilla, Trilla. Trillarie.
   Worke Tibet, worke Annot, worke Margerie.
   Sewe Tibet, knitte Annot, spinne Margerie.
   Let vs see who shall winne the victorie.
(^Tib Talk.^) This sleue is not willyng to be sewed I trowe, 
A small thing might make me all in the grounde to throwe.
   (^Then they sing agayne.^)
   Pipe merrie Annot. & c.
   Trilla. Trilla. Trillarie.
   What Tibet, what Annot, what Margerie.
   Ye sleepe, but we doe not, that shall we trie.
   Your fingers be nombde, our worke will not lie.
(^Tib Talk.^) If ye doe so againe, well I would aduise you nay.
In good sooth one stoppe more, and I make holy day.
   (^They sing the thirde tyme.^)
   Pipe Mery Annot. & c.
   Trilla. Trilla. Trillarie.
   Nowe Tibbet, now Annot, nowe Margerie.
<P L. 330>
   Nowe whippet apace for the maystrie,
   But it will not be, our mouth is so drie.
(^Tib Talk.^) Ah, eche finger is a thombe to day me thinke,
I care not to let all alone, choose it swimme or sinke.
   (^They sing the fourth tyme.^)
   Pipe Mery Annot. & c.
   Trilla. Trilla. Trillarie.
   When Tibet, when Annot, when Margerie.
   I will not, I can not, no more can I.
   Then giue we all ouer, and there let it lye.
(^Lette hir caste downe hir worke.^)
(^Tib Talk.^) There it lieth, the worste is but a curried cote,
Tut I am vsed therto, I care not a grote.
(^An. Alyface.^) Haue we done singyng since; then will I in
againe,
Here I founde you, and here I leaue both twaine. (\Exeat.\)
(^M. Mumbl.^) And I will not be long after: Tib Talke apace.
(^Tib Talk.^) What is the matter; (^M. Mumb.^) Yond stode a man #
al this space
And hath hearde all that euer we spake togyther.
(^Tib Talk.^) Mary the more loute he for his comming hither.
And the lesse good he can to listen maides talke.
I care not and I go byd him hence for to walke:
It were well done to knowe what he maketh here away.
(^R. Royster.^) Nowe myght I speake to them, if I wist what to
say.
(^M. Mumbl.^) Nay we will go both off, and see what he is.
(^R. Royster.^) One that hath hearde all your talke and singyng #
ywis.
(^Tib Talk.^) The more to blame you, a good thriftie husbande
Woulde elsewhere haue had some better matters in hande.
(^R. Royster.^) I dyd it for no harme, but for good loue I      #
beare,
To your dame mistresse Custance, I did your talke heare.
And Mistresse nource I will kisse you for acquaintance.
(^M. Mumbl.^) I come anon sir. (^Tib. T.^) Faith I would our    #
dame Custance
Sawe this geare. (^M. M.^) I must first wipe al cleane, yea I
must.
(^Tib Talk.^) Ill chieue it dotyng foole, but it must be cust.
(^M. Mumbl.^) God yelde you sir, chad not so much ichotte not
whan,
Nere since chwas bore chwine, of such a gay gentleman.
<P L. 364>
(^R. Royster.^) I will kisse you too mayden for the good will I #
beare you.
(^Tib Talk.^) No forsoth, by your leaue ye shall not kisse me.
(^R. Royster.^) Yes be not afearde, I doe not disdayne you a    #
whit.
(^Tib Talk.^) Why shoulde I feare you; I haue not so little     #
wit,
Ye are but a man I knowe very well. (^R. R.^) Why then;
(^Tib Talk.^) Forsooth for I wyll not, I vse not to kisse men.
(^R. Royster.^) I would faine kisse you too good maiden, if I   #
myght.
(^Tib Talk.^) What shold that neede; (^R. R.^) But to honor you #
by this light.
I vse to kisse all them that I loue to God I vowe.
(^Tib. Talk.^) Yea sir; I pray you when dyd ye last kisse your  #
cowe.
(^R. Royster.^) Ye might be proude to kisse me, if ye were      #
wise.
(^Tib Talk.^) What promotion were therin; (^R. R.^) Nourse is   #
not so nice.
(^Tib Talk.^) Well I haue not bene taught to kissing and        #
licking.
(^R. Royster.^) Yet I thanke you mistresse Nourse, ye made no   #
sticking.
(^M. Mumbl.^) I will not sticke for a kosse with such a man as
you.
(^Tib Talk.^) They that lust: I will againe to my sewyng now.
(^An. Alyfac.^) Tidings hough, tidings, dame Custance greeteth  #
you well.
(^R. Royster.^) Whome me; (^An. Al.^) You sir; no sir; I do no  #
suche tale tell.
(^R. Royster.^) But and she knewe me here. (^An. Al.^) Tybet    #
Talke apace,
Your mistresse Custance and mine, must speake with your grace
(^Tib Talk.^) With me; (^An. Aly.^) Ye muste come in to hir out #
of all doutes.
(^Tib Talk.^) And my work not half done; A mischief on all      #
loutes. (\Ex.am.\)
(^R. Royster^) Ah good sweet nourse. (^M. Mumb.^) A good sweete #
gentlema~. (^R. R.^) what;
(^M. Mumbl.^) Nay I can not tel sir, but what thing would you;  
(^R. Royster.^) Nowe dothe sweete Custance, my heart of gold,   #
tell me how;
(^M. Mumbl.^) She dothe very well sir, and commaunde me to you.
(^R. Royster.^) To me; (^M. M.^) Yea to you sir. (^R. R.^) To   #
me; nurse tel me plain
To me; (^M. Mu~mb.^) Ye. (^R. R.^) That word maketh me aliue
again.
(^M. Mumbl.^) She commaunde me to one last day who ere it was.
(^R. Royster.^) That was een to me and none other by the Masse.
(^M. Mumbl.^) I can not tell you surely, but one it was.
(^R. Royster.^) It was I and none other: this commeth to good   #
passe.
I promise thee nourse I fauour hir. (^M. Mumb.^) Een so sir.
(^R. Royster.^) Bid hir sue to me for mariage. (^M. Mumbl.^)    #
Een so sir.
<P L. 398>
(^R. Royster.^) And surely for thy sake she shall speede. (^M.  #
Mumb.^) Een so sir.
(^R. Royster.^) I shall be contented to take hir. (^M. Mumb.^)  #
Een so sir.
(^R. Royster.^) But at thy request and for thy sake.            #
(^M. Mumb.^) Een so sir.
And come hearke in thine eare what to say. (^M. Mumb.^) Een so
sir.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P L. 1037>
[} (\ACTUS. IIJ. SCAENA. IIIJ.\) }]

(^Custance. Merygreeke. Roister Doister.^)    
(^C. Custa~ce.^) What gaudyng and foolyng is this afore my      #
doore;
(^M. Mery.^) May not folks be honest, pray you, though they be  #
pore;
(^C. Custa~ce.^) As that thing may be true, so rich folks may   #
be fooles,
(^R. Royster.^) Hir talke is as fine as she had learned in      #
schooles.
<P L. 1043>
(^M. Mery.^) Looke partly towarde hir, and drawe a little nere.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) Get ye home idle folkes. (^M. M.^) Why may not #
we be here;
Nay and ye will haze, haze: otherwise I tell you plaine,
And ye will not haze, then giue vs our geare againe.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) In deede I haue of yours much gay things God   #
saue all.
(^R. Royster.^) Speake gently vnto hir, and let hir take all.
(^M. Mery.^) Ye are to tender hearted: shall she make vs dawes;
Nay dame, I will be plaine with you in my friends cause.
(^R. Royster.^) Let all this passe sweete heart and accept my   #
seruice [^SOURCE TEXT: sernice^] . 
(^C. Custa~ce.^) I will not be serued with a foole in no wise,
When I choose an husbande I hope to take a man.
(^M. Mery.^) And where will ye finde one which can doe that he
can;
Now thys man towarde you being so kinde,
You not to make him an answere somewhat to his minde.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) I sent him a full answere by you dyd I not;
(^M. Mery.^) And I reported it. (^C. Custance.^) Nay I must     #
speake it againe.
(^R. Royster.^) No no, he tolde it all. (^M. M.^) Was I not     #
metely plaine;
(^R. Royster.^) Yes. (^M. M.^) But I would not tell all, for    #
faith if I had
With you dame Custance ere this houre it had ben bad,
And not without cause: for this goodly personage,
Ment no lesse than to ioyne with you in mariage.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) Let him wast no more labour nor sute about me.
(^M. Mery.^) Ye know not where your preferment lieth I see,
He sending you such a token, ring and letter.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) Mary here it is, ye neuer sawe a better.
(^M. Mery.^) Let vs see your letter. (^C. Custance.^) Holde,    #
reade it if ye can.
And see what letter it is to winne a woman.
(^M. Mery.^) To mine owne deare coney birde, swete heart, and   #
pigsny
Good Mistresse Custance present these by and by,
Of this superscription do ye blame the stile;
(^C. Custa~ce.^) With the rest as good stuffe as ye redde a     #
great while.
(^M. Mery.^) Sweete mistresse where as I loue you nothing at    #
all,
Regarding your substance and richesse chiefe of all,
For your personage, beautie, demeanour and wit,
<P L. 1077>
I commende me vnto you neuer a whit.
Sorie to heare report of your good welfare. 
For (as I heare say) suche your conditions are,
That ye be worthie fauour of no liuing man,
To be abhorred of euery honest man.
To be taken for a woman enclined to vice.
Nothing at all to Vertue gyuing hir due price,
Wherfore concerning mariage, ye are thought
Suche a fine Paragon, as nere honest man bought.
And nowe by these presentes I do you aduertise
That I am minded to marrie you in no wise.
For your goodes and substance, I coulde bee content
To take you as ye are. If ye mynde to bee my wyfe,
Ye shall be assured for the tyme of my lyfe,
I will keepe ye ryght well, from good rayment and fare,
Ye shall not be kepte but in sorowe and care.
Ye shall in no wyse lyue at your owne libertie,
Doe and say what ye lust, ye shall neuer please me,
But when ye are mery, I will be all sadde,
When ye are sory, I will be very gladde.
When ye seeke your heartes ease, I will be vnkinde,
At no tyme, in me shall ye muche gentlenesse finde.
But all things contrary to your will and minde,
Shall be done: otherwise I wyll not be behinde
To speake. And as for all them that woulde do you wrong
I will so helpe and mainteyne, ye shall not lyue long.
Nor any foolishe dolte, shall cumbre you but I.
I, who ere say nay, wyll sticke by you tyll I die.
Thus good mistresse Custance, the lorde you saue and kepe,
From me Roister Doister, whether I wake or slepe.
Who fauoureth you no lesse, (ye may be bolde)
Than this letter purporteth, which ye haue vnfolde.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) Nowe by this letter of loue; is it not fine;
(^R. Royster.^) By the armes of Caleys it is none of myne.
<P L. 1111>
(^R. Royster.^) Fie you are fowle to blame this is your owne    #
hand.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) Might not a woman be proude of such an         #
husbande;
(^M. Mery.^) Ah that ye would in a letter shew such despite.
(^R. Royster.^) Oh I would I had hym here, the which did it
endite.
(^M. Mery.^) Why ye made it your selfe ye tolde me by this      #
light.
(^R. Royster.^) Yea I ment I wrote it myne owne selfe           #
yesternight.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) Ywis sir, I would not haue sent you such a     #
mocke.
(^R. Royster.^) Ye may so take it, but I ment it not so by      #
cocke.
(^M. Mery.^) Who can blame this woman to fume and frette and    #
rage;
Tut, tut, your selfe nowe haue marde your owne marriage.
Well, yet mistresse Custance, if ye can this remitte,
This gentleman otherwise may your loue requitte.
(^C. Custa~ce.^) No God be with you both, and seeke no more to  #
me. (\Exeat.\)
(^R. Royster.^) Wough, she is gone for euer, I shall hir no     #
more see.
(^M. Mery.^) What weepe; fye for shame, and blubber; for        #
manhods sake,
Neuer lette your foe so muche pleasure of you take.
Rather play the mans parte, and doe loue refraine.
If she despise you een despise ye hir againe.
(^R. Royster.^) By gosse and for thy sake I defye hir in deede.
(^M. Mery.^) Yea and perchaunce that way ye shall much sooner   #
speede,
For one madde propretie these women haue in fey,
When ye will, they will not: Will not ye, then will they.
Ah foolishe woman, ah moste vnluckie Custance,
Ah vnfortunate woman, ah pieuishe Custance,
Art thou to thine harmes so obstinately bent,
That thou canst not see where lieth thine high preferment;
Canst thou not lub dis man, which coulde lub dee so well;
Art thou so much thine own foe. (^R. R.^) Thou dost the truth
tell.
(^M. Mery.^) Wel I lame~t. (^R. R.^) So do I. (^M M.^) Wherfor; #
(^R R.^) For this thing
Bicause she is gone. (^M. M.^) I mourne for an other thing.
(^R. Royster.^) What is it Merygreeke, wherfore thou dost       #
griefe take;
(^M. Mery.^) That I am not a woman my selfe for your sake,
I would haue you my selfe, and a strawe for yond Gill, 
And mocke much of you though it were against my will.
<P L. 1145>
I would not I warrant you, fall in such a rage,
As so to refuse suche a goodly personage. 
(^R. Royster.^) In faith I heartily thanke thee Merygreeke.
(^M. Mery.^) And I were a woman. (^R. R.^) Thou wouldest to me
seeke.
(^M. Mery.^) For though I say it, a goodly person ye bee.
(^R. Royster.^) No, no. (^M. M.^) Yes a goodly man as ere I dyd
see.
(^R. Royster.^) No, I am a poore homely man as God made mee.
(^M. Mery.^) By the faith that I owe to God sir, but ye bee.
Woulde I might for your sake, spende a thousande pound land.
(^R. Royster.^) I dare say thou wouldest haue me to thy         #
husbande.
(^M. Mery.^) Yea: And I were the fairest lady in the shiere,
And knewe you as I know you, and see you nowe here,
Well I say no more. (^R. R.^) Gramercies with all my hart.
(^M. Mery.^) But since that can not be, will ye play a wise     #
parte;
(^R. Royster.^) How should I; (^M. M.^) Refraine from Custance  #
a while now.
And I warrant hir soone right glad to seeke to you,
Ye shall see hir anon come on hir knees creeping,
And pray you to be good to hir salte teares weeping.
(^R. Royster.^) But what and she come not; (^M. M.^) In faith   #
then farewel she.
Or else if ye be wroth, ye may auenged be.
(^R. Royster.^) By cocks precious potsticke, and een so I       #
shall.
I wyll vtterly destroy hir, and house and all.
But I woulde be auenged in the meane space,
On that vile scribler, that did my wowyng disgrace.
(^M. Mery.^) Scribler (ko you) in deede he is worthy no lesse.
I will call hym to you, and ye bidde me doubtlesse.
(^R. Royster.^) Yes, for although he had as many liues,
As a thousande widowes, and a thousande wiues,
As a thousande lyons, and a thousand rattes,
A thousande wolues, and a thousande cattes,
A thousande bulles, and a thousande calues, 
And a thousande legions diuided in halues,
He shall neuer scape death on my swordes point, 
Though I shoulde be torne therfore ioynt by ioynt.
<P L. 1179>
(^M. Mery.^) Nay, if ye will kyll him, I will not fette him,
I will not in so muche extremitie sette him,
He may yet amende sir, and be an honest man,
Therfore pardon him good soule, as muche as ye can.
(^R. Royster.^) Well, for thy sake, this once with his lyfe he  #
shall passe,
But I wyll hewe hym all to pieces by the Masse.
(^M. Mery.^) Nay fayth ye shall promise that he shall no harme  #
haue,
Else I will not fet him. (^R. R.^) I shall so God me saue.
But I may chide him a good. (^M. M.^) Yea that do hardely.
(^R. Royster.^) Go then. (^M. M.^) I returne, and bring him to  #
you by & by. (\Ex.\)



<B CEPLAY1B>
<Q E1 XX COME STEVENSO>
<N GAMMER GURTON>
<A STEVENSON WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V VERSE>
<T DRAMA COMEDY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^STEVENSON (?), WILLIAM.
GAMMER GVRTONS NEDLE.
BY MR. S. MR. OF ART.
THE PERCY REPRINTS, 2.
ED. H. F. B. BRETT-SMITH.
OXFORD: BASIL BLACKWELL, 1920.
PP. 7.1  - 16.58    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 53.1 - 70.336   (SAMPLE 2)^]
 
<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 7>
[}THE FYRST ACTE. THE THYRD SCEANE.}]

(^HODGE. TYB.^)

(^Hodge^) Cham agast by the masse, ich wot not what
to do
Chad nede blesse me well before ich go them to
Perchaunce some felon sprit may haunt our
house indeed,
And then chwere but a noddy to venter where
cha no neede,
(^Tib^) Cham worse then mad by the masse to be at
this staye
<P 8>
Cham chyd, cham blamd, and beaton all thoures
on the daye,
Lamed and hunger storued, prycked vp all in
Jagges
Hauyng no patch to hyde my backe, saue a few
rotten ragges.
(^Hodge^) I say Tyb, if thou be Tyb, as I trow sure thou
bee,
What deuyll make a doe is this, betweene our
dame and thee.
(^Tyb^) Gogsbreade Hodg thou had a good turne thou
warte not here this while.
It had ben better for some of vs to haue ben
hence a myle
My Gammer is so out of course, and frantyke
all at ones
That Cocke our boy, & I poore wench, haue felt
it on our bones.
(^Hodge^) What is the matter, say on Tib wherat she
taketh so on.
(^Tyb^) She is vndone she sayth (alas,) her ioye and
life is gone
If shee here not of some comfort, she is sayth
but dead
Shall neuer come within her lyps, one inch of
meate ne bread.
(^Hodge^) Byr Ladie cham not very glad, to see her in 
this dumpe
Cholde a noble her stole hath fallen, & shee hath
broke her rumpe
(^Tyb^) Nay and that were the worst, we wold not
greatly care
For bursting of her huckle bone, or breakyng
of her Chaire,
But greatter, greater, is her grief, as hodge we 
shall all feele.
<P 9>
(^Hodge^) Gogs woundes Tyb, my gammer has neuer lost
her Neele?
(^Tyb^) Her Neele.
(^Hodge^) Her Neele?
(^Tib^) Her neele by him that made me, it is true Hodge
I tell thee.
(^Hodge^) Gogs sacrament, I would she had lost, tharte
out of her bellie
The Deuill or els his dame, they ought her sure
a shame
How a murryon came this chaunce, (say Tib)
vnto our dame?
(^Tyb^) My ga~mer sat her downe on her pes, & bad me
reach thy breeches
And by & by, a vengea~ce in it or she had take
two stitches
To clap a clout vpon thine ars, by chaunce a syde
she leares
And gyb our cat in the milke pan, she spied ouer
head and eares
Ah hore, out thefe, she cryed aloud, & swapt
the breches downe
Up went her staffe, and out leapt gyb, at doors
into the towne
And synce that time was neuer wyght, cold set
their eies vpo~ it
Gogs malison chaue Cocke and I, byd twenty
times light on it.
(^Hodge^) And is not the~ my breches sewid vp, to morow
y=t= I shuld were
(^Tyb^) No in faith hodge thy breeches lie, for al this
neuer the nere.
(^Hodge^) Now a ve~geance light on al y=e= sort, y=t= better
shold haue kept it,
The cat, the house, and tib our maid, y=t= better
shold haue swept it
<P 10>
Se where she co~meth crawling, come on in twenty
deuils way
Ye haue made a fayre daies worke, haue you not?
pray you say.

[}THE FYRSTE ACTE. THE .IIII. SCEANE.}]

(^GAMMER. HODGE. TYB. COCKE.^)

(^Ga~mer^) Alas hoge, alas I may well cursse and ban
This daie that euer I saw it, with gyb
and the mylke pan
For these and ill lucke to gather, as knoweth
Cocke my boye
Haue stacke away my deare neele, and robd me
of my ioye
My fayre longe strayght neele that was myne
onely treasure
The fyrst day of my sorow is, and last end of my 
pleasure.
(^Hodge^) Might ha kept it when ye had it, but fooles
will be fooles styll.
Lose that is vast in your handes, ye neede not
but ye will.
(^Ga~mer^) Go hie thee tib, and run thou hoore, to thend
here of the towne
Didst cary out dust in thy lap, seeke wher thou 
porest it downe
And as thou sawest me roking, in the asshes
where I morned
So see in all the heape of dust, thou leaue no
straw vnturned.
(^Tyb^) That chal gammer swythe and tyte, and sone
be here agayne.
(^Ga~mer^) Tib stoope & loke downe to y=e= ground to it, &
take some paine.
<P 11>
(^Hodge^) Here is a prety matter, to see this gere how it
goes
By gogs soule I thenk you wold loes your ars,
and it were loose
Your neele lost, it is pitie you shold lack care and
endlesse sorow
Gogs deth how shall my breches be sewid, shall
I go thus to morow
(^Ga~mer^) Ah hodg, hodg, if that ich cold find my neele
by the reed
Chould sow thy breches ich promise y=e=, w=t= full
good double threed
And set a patch on either knee, shuld last this
monethes twaine
Now god & good Saint Sithe I praye, to send it
home againe.
(^Hodge^) Wherto serued your hands & eies, but this your
neele to kepe
What deuill had you els to do, ye kept ich wot
no sheepe
Cham faine a brode to dyg and delue, in water,
myre and claye
Sossing and possing in the durte, styll from day
to daye
A hundred thinges that be abrode, cham set to
see them weele
And foure of you syt idle at home, and can not
keepe a neele.
(^Ga~mer^) My neele alas ich lost it hodge, what time ich
me vp hasted
To saue the milke set vp for the, which gib our
cat hath wasted
(^Hodge^) The Deuill he burst both gib, and Tib, with all
the rest
Cham alwayes sure of the worst end, who euer
haue the best
<P 12>
Where ha you ben fidging abrode, since you your
neele lost
(^Ga~mer^) Within the house, and at the dore, sitting by
this same post
Wher I was loking a long howre, before these
folks came here,
But welaway, all was in vayne, my neele is neuer
the nere.
(^Hodge^) Set me a candle, let me seeke and grope where
euer it bee
Gogs hart ye be so folish (ich thinke) you knowe
it not when you it see
(^Ga~mer^) Come hether Cocke, what Cocke I say.
(^Cocke^) Howe Gammer.
(^Ga~mer^) Goe hye thee soone, and grope behynd the
old brasse pan,
Whych thing when thou hast done
Ther shalt thou fynd an old shooe, wher in if
thou looke well
Thou shalt fynd lyeng an inche of a whyte tallow
candell,
Lyght it, and brynge it tite awaye.
(^Cocke^) That shalbe done anone.
(^Ga~mer^) Nay tary hodg til thou hast light, and then
weele seke eche one.
(^Hodge^) Cum away ye horson boy, are ye a slepe; ye
must haue a crier.
(^Cocke^) Ich cannot get the candel light here is almost
no fier.
(^Hodge^) Chil hold the a peny chil make y=e= come if y=t= ich
may catch thine eares
Art deffe thou horson boy? cocke I say, why
canst not heares.
(^Ga~mer^) Beate hym not Hodge but help the boy and
come you two together.
<P 13>
[}THE .I. ACTE. THE .V. SCEANE.}]

(^GAMMER. TYB, COCKE. HODGE.^)

(^Ga~mer^) How now Tyb, quycke lets here, what
newes thou hast brought hether.
(^Tyb^) Chaue tost and tumbled yender heap our &
ouer againe
And winowed it through my fingers, as me~ wold
winow grain
No so much as a hens turd but in pieces I tare it
Or what so euer clod or clay I found, I did not
spare it
Lokyng within and eke without, to fynd your
neele (alas)
But all in vaine and without help, your neele is 
where it was.
(^Ga~mer^) Alas my neele we shall neuer meete, adue, adue
for aye.
(^Tyb^) Not so gammer, we myght it fynd if we knew
where it laye.
(^Cocke^) Gogs crosse Gammer if ye will laugh looke in
but at the doore
And see how Hodg lieth tomblynge and tossing
amids the floure
Rakyng there some fyre to find amonge the
asshes dead
Where there is not one sparke, so byg as a pyns
head,
At last in a darke corner two sparkes he thought
he sees
Which were indede nought els but Gyb our cats
two eyes
<P 14>
Puffe quod hodg thinking therby to haue fyre
without doubt
With that Gyb shut her two eyes, & so the fyre
was out
And by and by them opened, euen as they were
before,
With that the sparkes appered euen as they had
done of yore,
And euen as hodge blew the fire as he did thincke
Gyb as she felt the blast strayght way began to
wyncke,
Tyll Hodge fell of swering, as came best to his
turne,
The fier was sure bewicht and therfore wold
not burne:
At last Gyb vp the stayers, among the old postes
and pinnes,
And Hodge he hied him after till broke were both
his shinnes:
Cursynge and swering othes, were neuer of his 
makyng,
That Gyb wold fyre the house, if that shee were 
not taken.
(^Ga~mer^) See here is all the thought that the foolysh
Urchyn taketh,
And Tyb me thinke at his elbowe almost as mery
maketh
This is all the wyt ye haue when others make
their mone,
Come downe Hodge, where art thou and let the 
Cat alone.
(^Hodge^) Gogs harte, help and come vp, Gyb in her tayle
hath fyre,
And is like to burne all if shee get a lytle hier:
Cum downe (quoth you,) nay then you might
count me a patch,
<P 15>
The house co~meth downe on your heads if it take
ons y thatch.
(^Ga~mer^) It is the cats eyes foole that shineth in the darke.
(^Hodge^) Hath the Cat do you thinke in euery eye a 
sparke.
(^Ga~mer^) No, but they shyne as lyke fyre as euer man see.
(^Hodge^) By the masse and she burne all, yoush beare
the blame for mee
(^Ga~mer^) Cum downe & help to seeke here our neele that
it were found
Downe Tyb on the knees I say, downe Cocke to
the ground.
To God I make a vowe, and so to good Saint
Anne
A candell shall they haue a peece, get it where
I can,
If I may my neele find in one place or in other.
(^Hodge^) Now a vengeaunce on gib light, on gyb and
gybs mother
And all the generacyon of Cats both far and nere
Looke on the ground horson thinks thou the neele
is here.
(^Cocke^) By my trouth gammer me thought your neele
here I saw
But when my fyngers toucht it, I felt it was a
straw.
(^Tyb^) See Hodge whats thys, may it not be within it,
(^Hodge^) Breake it foole with thy hand and see and thou
canst fynde it.
(^Tyb^) Nay breake it you Hodge accordyng to your 
word.
(^Hodge^) Gogs sydes, fye it styncks; it is a Cats tourd,
It were well done to make thee eate it by the 
masse.
(^Ga~mer^) This matter amendeth not my neele is still
where it wasse
<P 16>
Our candle is at an ende let vs all in quight
And come another tyme, when we haue more
lyght 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 53> 
[}THE V. ACTE. THE II SCEANE,}]

(^M. BAYLY. CHAT. D. RAT. GAMMER. HODGE. DICCON.^)

(^Bayly^) Dame Chat, master doctor vpon you here
complained
That you & your maides shuld him much
misorder.
And taketh many an oth, that no word he 
fained,
Laying to your charge, how you thought him to
murder:
And on his part againe, that same man saith
furder
He neuer offended you in word nor intent,
To heare you answer hereto, we haue now for 
you sent.
(^Chat^) That I wold haue murdered him, fye on him
wretch,
And euil mought he thee for it, our Lord I besech,
I will swere on al the bookes that opens and
shuttes
He faineth this tale out of his owne guttes,
<P 54>
For this seuen weeks with me, I am sure he sat
not downe,
Nay ye haue other minions, in the other end of
the towne,
Where ye were liker to catch such a blow,
Then any where els, as farre as I know.
(^Baily^) Belike then master Doctor, yon stripe there ye
got not?
(^D. Rat^) Thinke you I am so mad, that where I was bet,
I wot not?
Will ye beleue this queane, before she hath
tryd it?
It is not the first dede she hath done and afterward
denide it.
(^Chat^) What man, will you say I broke your head?
(^D. Rat^) How canst thou proue the contrary?
(^Chat^) Nay, how prouest thou that I did the deade.
(^D. Rat^) To plainly, by S. Mary.
This profe I trow may serue, though I no word
spoke.
(^Showing his broken head.^)
(^Chat^) Bicause thy head is broken, was it I that it
broke?
I saw thee Rat I tel thee, not once within this
fortnight,
(^D. Rat^) No mary, thou sawest me not, for why thou
hadst no light,
But I felt thee for al the darke, beshrew thy
smothe cheekes,
And thou groped me, this wil declare, any day
this six weekes
(^Showing his heade.^)
(^Baily^) Answere me to this M. Rat, when caught you
this harme of yours?
(^D. Rat^) A while a go sir, god he knoweth, w=t=in les the~
these ii. houres.
<P 55>
(^Baily^) Dame Chat was there none with you: (confesse
I faith) about that season.
What woman, let it be what it wil, tis neither
felony nor treason
(^Chat^) Yes by my faith master Bayly, there was a
knaue not farre
Who caught one good Philup on the brow, with
a dore barre
And well was he worthy, as it semed to mee,
But what is that to this man, since this was
not hee.
(^Baily^) Who was it then? lets here.
(^D. Rat^) Alas sir, aske you that?
Is it not made plain inough (by the owne mouth
of dame chat)
The time agreeth, my head is broken, her tong
can not lye,
Onely vpon a bare, nay she saith it was
not I.
(^Chat^) No mary was it not indeede ye shal here by this
one thing,
This after noone a fre~d of mine, for good wil
gaue me warning
And bad me wel loke to my ruste, and al my
Capons pennes,
For if I toke not better heede, a knaue wold haue
my hennes,
Then I to saue my goods, toke so much pains as
him to watch
And as good fortune serued me, it was my chau~ce
hi~ for to catch
What strokes he bare away, or other what was
his gaines
I wot not, but sure I am, he had something for
his paines
(^Baily^) Yet telles thou not who it was.
<P 56>
(^Chat^) Who it was a false theefe,
That came like a false Foxe, my pullaine to kil
and mischeefe.
(^Baily^) But knowest thou not his name?
(^Chat^) I know it but what than,
It was that crafty cullyon Hodge my gammer
gurtons man.
(^Bailie^) Cal me the knaue hether, he shal sure kysse
the stockes.
I shall teach him a lesson, for filching hens or cocks
(^D. Rat^) I maruaile master bayly, so bleared be your
eyes.
An egge is not so ful of meate, as she is ful of 
lyes:
When she hath playd this pranke, to excuse al
this geare,
She layeth the fault in such a one, as I know was
not there.
(^Chat^) Was he not thear loke on his pate, that shalbe
his witnes.
(^D. Rat^) I wold my head were half so hole, I wold seeke
no redresse.
(^Baily^) God bless you gammer Gurton.
(^Ga~mer^) God dylde you master mine.
(^Baily^) Thou hast a knaue w=t=in thy house, hodge, a seruant
of thine.
They tel me that busy knaue, is such a filching
one,
That Hen, Pig, goose or capon, thy neighbour
can haue none,
(^Ga~mer^) By god cham much ameued, to heare any such
reporte:
Hodge was not wont ich trow, to baue him in
that sort.
(^Chat^) A theeuisher knaue is not on liue, more filching,
nor more false
<P 57>
Many a truer man then he, hase hanged vp by
the halse.
And thou his dame of al his theft, thou art the
sole receauer
For hodge to catch, and thou to kepe, I neuer
knew none better
(^Ga~mer^) Sir reuerence of your masterdome, and you were
out adoore,
Chold be so bolde for al hir brags, to cal hir
arrant whoore,
And ich knew Hodge so bad as tow, ich wish me
endlesse sorow
And chould not take the pains, to hang him vp
before to morow?
(^Chat^) What haue I stolne fro~ the or thine: thou
ilfauored olde trot.
(^Ga~mer^) A great deale more (by Gods blest,) then cheuer
by the got,
That thou knowest wel I neade not say it.
(^Baily^) Stoppe there I say,
And tel me here I pray you, this matter by the
way:
How chaunce hodge is not here him wold I faine
haue had.
(^Ga~mer^) Alas sir, heel be here anon, ha be handled to bad.
(^Chat^) Master bayly, sir ye be not such a foole wel I
know,
But ye perceiue by this lingring, there is a pad
in the straw.
(^Thinking that Hodg, his head was broke,
and that gammer
Wold not let him come before them.^)
(^Ga~mer^) Chil shew you his face, ich warrant the, lo
now where he is.
(^Bailie^) Come on fellow it is tolde me thou art a shrew
iwysse,
<P 58>
Thy neighbours hens y=u= takest, and playes the
two legged foxe
Their chikens & their capons to, & now and then
their Cocks.
(^Hodge^) Ich defy them al that dare it say, cham as true
as the best.
(^Baily^) Wart not y=u= take~ within this houre, in dame
 chats hens nest?
(^Hodge^) Take~ there? no master chold not dot, for a
house ful of gold.
(^Chat^) Thou or the deuil in thy cote, sweare this I
dare be bold.
(^D. Rat^) Sweare me no swearing quean, the deuill he
geue the sorow,
Al is not worth a gnat, thou canst sweare till to
morow,
Where is the harme he hath? shew it by gods
bread,
Ye beat him with a witnes, but the stripes light
on my head.
(^Hodge^) Bet me? gogs blessed body, chold first ich
trow haue burst the
Ich thinke and chad my hands loose callet chould
haue crust the.
(^Chat^) Thou shitte~ knaue I trow y=u= knowest y=e= ful
weight of my fist
I am fowly deceiued, onles thy head & my doore
bar kyste.
(^Hodge^) Hold thy chat whore y=u= criest so loude, can no
man els be hard
(^Chat^) Well knaue, & I had the alone, I wold surely
rap thy costard.
(^Bayly^) Sir answer me to this, is thy head whole or
broken?
(^Chat^) Yea master Bayly, blest be euery good
token.
<P 59>
(^Hodge^) Is my head whole? ich warra~t you, tis neither
scuruy nor scald
What you foule beast, does think tis either pild or
bald.
Nay ich thanke god: chil not for al that thou
maist spend
That chad one scab on my narse, as brode as thy
fingers end.
(^Bayly^) Come nearer heare.
(^Hodge^) Yes That ich dare.
(^Bayly^) By our Lady her is no harme,
Hodges head is hole ynough, for al dame Chats
charme.
(^Chat^) By gogs blest, how euer the thing he clockes or
smolders,
I know the blowes he bare away, either w=t= head
or shoulders,
Camest y=u= not knaue within this houre, creping
into my pens
And there was caught within my hous, gropi~g
among my hens.
(^Hodge^) A plage both on thy hens & the, a carte whore,
a carte,
Chould I were ha~ged as hie as a tree, & chware as
false as y=u= art
Geue my ga~mer again her washical, y=u= stole away
in thy lap.
(^Ga~mer^) Yea maister baily there is a thing, you know not
on may hap
This drab she kepes away my good, y=e= deuil he
might her snare
Ich pray you that ich might haue, a right action
on her.
(^Chat^) Haue I thy good old filth, or any such old sowes?
I am as true, I wold thou knew, as skin betwene
thy browes
<P 60>
(^Ga~mer^) Many a truer hath be~ hanged, though you
escape the daunger
(^Chat^) Thou shalt answer by gods pity, for this thy
foule slaunder.
(^Baily^) Why, what ca~ ye charge hir withal? to say so,
ye do not well.
(^Ga~mer^) Mary a ve~geance to hir hart, y=t= whore hase
stoln my neele.
(^Chat^) Thy nedle old witch, how so? it were almes thy
scul to knock
So didst thou say, the other day, that I had
stolne thy Cock
And rosted him to my breakfast, which shal not
be forgotten,
The deuil pul out thy lying tong, and teeth that
be so rotten. 
(^Ga~mer^) Geue me my neele, as for my cocke, chould be
very loth
That chuld here tel he shuld hang, on thy fals
faith and troth.
(^Baily^) Your talke is such, I can scarse learne who
shuld be most in fault
(^Ga~mer^) Yet shal ye find no other wight, saue she, by
bred & salt
(^Baily^) Kepe ye content a while, se that your tonges ye
holde,
Me thinkes you shuld remembre, this is no place
to scolde,
How knowest thou ga~mer gurton, dame Chat thy
nedle had?
(^Ga~mer^) To name you sir the party, chould not be very
glad.
(^Baily^) Yea but we must nedes heare it, & therfore
say it boldly.
(^Ga~mer^) Such one as told the tale, full soberly and coldly,
Euen he that loked on, wil sweare on a booke:
<P 61>
What time this drunken gossip, my faire long
neele vp tooke 
Diccon (master) the Bedlam, cham very sure ye
know him.
(^Bailie^) A false knaue by Gods pitie, ye were but a foole
to trow him,
I durst auenture wel the price of my best cap,
That when the end is knowen, all wil turne to
a iape,
Tolde he not you that besides she stole your
Cocke that tyde?
(^Ga~mer^) No master no indede, for then he shuld haue 
lyed,
My cocke is I thanke Christ, safe and wel a fine.
(^Chat^) Yea but that ragged colt, that whore that tyb
of thine
Said plainly thy cocke was stolne, & in my house
was eaten,
That lying cut is lost, that she is not swinged and
beaten,
And yet for al my good name, it were a small
amendes
I picke not this geare (hearst thou) out of my
fingers endes
But he that hard it told me, who thou of late
didst name
Diccon whom al men knowes, it was the very same.
(^Baily^) This is the case, you lost your nedle about the
dores
And she answeres againe, she hase no cocke of
yours,
Thus in your talke and Action, from that you do
intend,
She is whole fiue mile wide, from that she doth
defend:
Will you saie she hath your Cocke?
<P 62>
(^Ga~mer^) No mery sir that chil not,
(^Bayly^) Will you confesse hir neele?
(^Chat^) Will I? no sir I will not.
(^Bayly^) Then there lieth all the matter.
(^Ga~mer^) Soft master by the way,
Ye know she could do litle, and she cold not say
nay.
(^Bayly^) Yea but he that made one lie about your Cock
stealing,
Wil not sticke to make another, what time lies
be in dealing
I weene, the ende wil proue, this brawle did first
arise,
Upon no other ground, but only Diccons lyes.
(^Chat^) Though some be lyes as you belike haue espyed
them,
Yet other some be true, by proof I haue wel
tryed them.
(^Bayly^) What other thing beside this dame Chat.
(^Chat^) Mary syr euen this,
The tale I tolde before, the selfe same tale it
was his,
He gaue me like a frende, warning against my
losse,
Els had my hens be stolne, eche one, by Gods
crosse:
He tolde me Hodge wold come, and in he came
indeede,
But as the matter chaunsed, with greater hast
then speede,
This truth was said, and true was found, as truly
I report.
(^Bayly^) If Doctor Rat be not deceiued, it was of another
sort.
(^D. Rat^) By Gods mother thou and he, be a cople of
suttle foxes,
<P 63>
Betweene you and Hodge, I beare away the
boxes,
Did not dicco~ apoynt the place, wher y=u= shuldst
sta~d to mete him.
(^Chat^) Yes by the masse, & if he came, bad me not
sticke to speet hym.
(^D. Rat^) Gods sacrament the villain knaue hath drest vs
round about,
He is the cause of all this brawle, that dyrty
shitten loute:
When gammer gurton here complained, & made a
ruful mone
I heard him sweare y=t= you had gotten, hir nedle
that was gone,
And this to try he furder said, he was ful loth
how be it
He was content with small adoe, to bring me
where to see it.
And where ye sat, he said ful certain, if I wold
folow his read
Into your house a priuy way, he wold me guide
and leade,
And where ye had it in your hands, sewing about
a clowte,
And set me in the backe hole, therby to finde
you out:
And whiles I sought a quietnes, creping vpon
my knees,
I found the weight of your dore bar, for my
reward and fees,
Such is the lucke that some men gets, while they
begin to mel
In setting at one such as were out, minding to
make al wel.
(^Hodge^) Was not wel blest ga~mer, to scape y scoure,
& chad ben there
<P 64>
The~ chad ben drest be like, as ill by the masse,
as gaffar vicar.
(^Bayly^) Mary sir, here is a sport alone, I loked for such
an end
If diccon had not playd the knaue, this had ben
sone amend
My gammer here he made a foole, and drest hir
as she was
And goodwife Chat he set to scole, till both partes
cried alas,
And D. Rat was not behind, whiles Chat his
crown did pare,
I wold the knaue had be~ starke blind, if hodg
had not his share.
(^Hodge^) Cham meetly wel sped alredy amongs, cham
drest like a coult
And chad not had the better wit, chad bene made
a doult.
(^Bayly^) Sir knaue make hast diccon were here, fetch
him where euer he bee
(^Chat^) Fie on the villaine, fie, fie, y=t= makes vs thus
agree,
(^Ga~mer^) Fie on him knaue, with al my hart, now fie, and
fie againe.
(^D. Rat^) Now fie on him may I best say, whom he hath
almost slaine.
(^Bayly^) Lo where he commeth at hand, belike he was not
fare
Diccon heare be two or three, thy company can
not spare.
(^Diccon^) God blesse you, and you may be blest so many
al at once
(^Chat^) Come knaue, it were a good deed to geld the
by cockes bones
Seest not thy handiwarke? sir Rat can ye forbeare
him?
<P 65>
(^Diccon^) A ve~geance on those hands lite, for my ha~ds
cam not nere hym
The horsen priest hath lift the pot, in some of
these ale wyves chayres
That his head wolde not serue him, belyke to
come downe the stayres.
(^Baily^) Nay soft, thou maist not play y=e= knaue, & haue
this language to
If thou thy tong bridle a while, the better maist
thou do,
Confesse the truth as I shall aske, and cease a
while to fable.
And for thy fault I promise the, thy handling
shalbe reasonable
Hast thou not made a lie or two, to set these two
by the eares?
(^Diccon^) What if I haue? fiue hundred such haue I seene
within these seuen yeares:
I am sory for nothing else but that I see not the
sport
Which was betwene them whe~ they met, as they
the~ selues report
(^Bayly^) The greatest thing master rat, ye se how he is 
drest.
(^Diccon^) What deuil nede he be groping so depe, in goodwife
Chats he~s nest
(^Bayly^) Yea but it was thy drift to bring him into y=e=
briars.
(^Diccon^) Gods bread, hath not such an old foole, wit to
saue his eares?
He showeth himselfe herein ye see, so very a
coxe,
The Cat was not so madly alured by the Foxe,
To run into the snares, was set for him doubtlesse,
For he leapt in for myce, and this sir Iohn for
madnes.
<P 66>
(^D. Rat^) Well and ye shift no better, ye losel, lyther, and
lasye,
I will go neare for this, to make ye leape at a
Dasye.
In the kings name master Bayly, I charge you set
him fast.
(^Diccon^) What fast at cardes, or fast on slepe? it is the
thing I did last.
(^D. Rat^) Nay fast in fetters false varlet, according to thy
needes.
(^Bayly^) Master doctor ther is no remedy, I must intreat
you needes
Some other kinde of punishment,
(^D. Rat^) Nay by all Halowes,
His punishme~t if I may iudg, shalbe naught els
but the gallous.
(^Bayly^) That were to sore, a spiritual man to be so
extreame.
(^D. Rat^) Is he worthy any better, sir how do ye iudge
and deame?
(^Bayly^) I graunt him worthie punishment, but in no wise
so great.
(^Ga~mer^) It is a shame ich tel you plaine, for such false
knaues intreat
He has almost vndone vs al, that is as true as
steele:
And yet for al this great ado 'cham neuer the
nere my neele.
(^Bayly^) Canst y=u= not say any thing to that diccon, with
least or most?
(^Diccon^) Yea mary sir, thus much I can say wel, the
nedle is lost,
(^Bayly^) Nay canst not thou tel which way, that nedle
may be found
(^Diccon^) No by my fay sir, though I might haue an
hundred pound.
<P 67>
(^Hodge^) Thou lier lickdish, didst not say the neele wold
be gitten?
(^Diccon^) No hodge, by the same token, you where that
time beshitten?
Forfeare of Hobgobling, you wot wel what I meane,
As long as it is sence, I feare me yet ye be scarce
cleane.
(^Bayly^) Wel master rat, you must both learne, & teach
vs to forgeue
Since Diccon hath confession made, & is so cleane
shreue,
If ye to me conscent, to amend this heauie chaunce,
I wil inioyne him here, some open kind of                       #
penaunce:
Of this condition, where ye know my fee is twenty
pence
For the bloodshed, I am agreed with you here
to dispence,
Ye shal go quite, so that ye graunt, the matter
now to run,
To end with mirth emong vs al, euen as it was
begun.
(^Chat^) Say yea master vicar, & he shal sure confes to be 
your detter
And al we that be heare present, wil loue you
much the better
(^D. Rat^) My part is the worst, but since you al here on       #
agree.
Go euen to master Bayly, let it be so for mee,
(^Bayly^) How saiest thou diccon, art content this shal
on me depend
(^Diccon^) Go to M. Bayly say on your mind, I know ye are
my frend?
(^Bayly^) Then marke ye wel, to recompence this thy
former action
Because thou hast offended al, to make them
satisfaction,
<P 68>
Before their faces, here kneele downe, & as I shal
the teach.
For thou shalt take on othe, of hodges leather
breache
First for master Doctor, vpon paine of his cursse,
Where he wil pay for al, thou neuer draw thy
pursse,
And when ye meete at one pot, he shal haue the
first pull,
And thou shalt neuer offer him the cup, but it be
full.
To goodwife chat thou shalt be sworne, euen on
the same wyse
If she refuse thy money once, neuer to offer it
twise.
Thou shalt be bound by the same here, as thou
dost take it
When thou maist drinke of free cost, thou neuer
forsake it:
For gammer gurtons sake, againe sworne shalt
thou bee
To helpe hir to hir nedle againe if it do lie in thee
And likewise be bound: by the vertue of that
To be of good abering to Gib hir great Cat:
Last of al for Hodge, the othe to scanne,
Thou shalt neuer take him, for fine gentleman.
(^Hodge^) Come on fellow Diccon chalbe euen with thee
now.
(^Bayly^) Thou wilt not sticke to do this Diccon I trow.
(^Diccon^) No by my fathers skin, my hand downe I lay it?
Loke as I haue promised, I wil not denay it,
But Hodge take good heede now, thou do not
beshite me.
(^And gaue him a good blow on the buttocke.^)
(^Hodge^) Gogs hart thou false villaine dost thou bite me?
(^Bayly^) What Hodge doth he hurt the or euer he begin.
<P 69>
(^Hodge^) He thrust me into the buttocke, with a bodkin
or a pin,
I saie Gammer, Gammer?
(^Ga~mer^) How now Hodge, how now:
(^Hodge^) Gods malt Gammer gurton.
(^Ga~mer^) Thou art mad ich trow.
(^Hodge^) Will you see the deuil Gammer.
(^Ga~mer^) The deuil sonne, god blesse vs.
(^Hodge^) Chould iche were hanged Gammer.
(^Ga~mer^) Mary so ye might dresse vs.
(^Hodge^) Chaue it by the masse Gammer
(^Ga~mer^) What not my neele Hodge?
(^Hodge^) Your Neele Gammer, your neele.
(^Ga~mer^) No fie, dost but dodge.
(^Hodge^) Cha found your neele Gammer, here in my hand
be it.
(^Ga~mer^) For al the loues on earth Hodge, let me see it.
(^Hodge^) Soft Gammer.
(^Ga~mer^) Good Hodge.
(^Hodge^) Soft ich say, tarie a while.
(^Ga~mer^) Nay sweete Hodge say truth, and do not me begile.
(^Hodge^) Cham sure on it ich warrant you: it goes no
more a stray
(^Ga~mer^) Hodge when I speake so faire: wilt stil say me
nay:
(^Hodge^) Go neare the light gammer, this wel in faith
good lucke:
Chwas almost vndone: twas so far in my buttocke
(^Ga~mer^) Tis min owne deare neele Hodge, sykerly I wot
(^Hodge^) Cham I not a good sonne gammer, cham I not,
(^Ga~mer^) Christs blessing light on thee, hast made me for
euer
(^Hodge^) Ich knew that ich must finde it, els choud a
had it neuer.
(^Chat^) By my troth Gossyp gurton, I am euen as glad
As though I mine owne selfe as good a turne had:
<P 70>
(^Bayly^) And I by my concience, to see it so come forth,
Reioyce so much at it, as three nedles be worth.
(^D. Rat^) I am no whit sory to see you so reioyce.
(^Diccon^) Nor I much the gladder for al this noyce:
Yet say gramercy Diccon, for springing of the
game.
(^Ga~mer^) Grammercy Diccon twenty times, o how glad
cham,
It that chould do so much, your masterdome to
come hether,
Master Rat, goodwife Chat, and Diccon together:
Cha but one halfpeny, as far as iche know it,
And chil not rest this night, till ich bestow it.
If euer ye loue me, let vs go in and drinke.
(^Bayly^) I am content if the rest thinke as I thinke?
Master Rat it shalbe best for you if we so doo,
Then shall you warme you and dresse your self too.
(^Diccon^) Soft syrs, take vs with you, the company shalbe
the more,
As proude coms behinde they say, as any goes
before,
But now my good masters since we must be gone
And leaue you behinde vs, here all alone:
Since at our last ending thus mery we bee,
For Gammer Gurtons nedle sake, let vs haue a
plaudytie.

(^ (\Finis\) , Gurton. Perused and alowed, &c.^)



<B CEPRIV1>
<Q E1 XX CORP EBEAUM>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A BEAUMONT ELIZABETH>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SAMPLE 1:

BEAUMONT, ELIZABETH.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
BEAUMONT PAPERS. LETTERS RELATING TO
THE FAMILY OF BEAUMONT, OF WHITLEY,
YORKSHIRE, FROM THE FIFTEENTH TO
THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES.
ED. W. D. MACRAY.
LONDON: NICHOLS AND SONS, 1884. 
PP. 2.24 - 3.28 (EBEAUM)

SAMPLE 2:

PLUMPTON, AGNES.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
PLUMPTON CORRESPONDENCE. A SERIES
OF LETTERS, CHIEFLY DOMESTICK,
WRITTEN IN THE REIGNS OF EDWARD IV.
RICHARD III. HENRY VII. AND HENRY VIII.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, IV.
ED. T. STAPLETON. 
LONDON, 1839.
PP. 167.17 - 169.4  (133) (APLUMPT)
PP. 170.7  - 171.23 (135-136) 
PP. 184.13 - 185.4  (149)
PP. 186.1  - 187.9  (151)
P.  188.9  - 188.33 (153)

PLUMPTON, ISABEL.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 198.12 - 199.10 (162) (IPLUMPT)

PLUMPTON, WILLIAM.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 176.7  - 177.10 (142) (WPLUMPT)
PP. 220.26 - 221.15 (180)
PP. 234.17 - 235.21 (12)

PLUMPTON, DOROTHY.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 202.1 - 203.5 (165) (DPLUMPT)

PLUMPTON, ROBERT.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 231.20 - 233.5 (10) (RPLUMPT)

SAMPLE 3:

MORE, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR THOMAS MORE.
ED. E. F. ROGERS.
PRINCETON: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1947.
PP. 422.16 - 423.60  (174) (MORELET)
PP. 501.1  - 507.159 (200)
PP. 508.1  - 509.51  (202)
PP. 544.1  - 547.106 (211)
PP. 563.1  - 565.4   (218)

ROPER, MARGARET.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 510.1 - 511.35 (203) (MROPER)
PP. 538.1 - 539.38 (209)

SAMPLE 4:

CROMWELL, GREGORY.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH
HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.
THIRD SERIES, VOL. I.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, 1846.
PP. 338.1 - 340.25 (120-122) (GCROMW)

SAMPLE 5:

CUMBERLAND, ELEANOR.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
CLIFFORD LETTERS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
SURTEES SOCIETY, CLXXII.
ED. A. G. DICKENS.
DURHAM AND LONDON, 1962. 
PP. 125.3 - 126.26 (44) (ECUMBERL)

SCROPE, KATHERINE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 111.19 - 112.35 (35) (KSCROPE)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 2>
[} [\MRS ELIZ. BEAUMONT TO HER HUSBAND.\] }]

Right wyrschipfull Ser,
   In my best maner that I cane I recomend me to you, desyryng
hertly to here of your welefar. Ser, I hafe resayvyd your       #
wrytyngs,
and persayvys ham verey wele; and also I send George of Mytton
to the person on the Thurseday afor All Halo day, and ther the
<P 3>
person hase grauntyd that I sall hafe a [{porcion both Eytys{]  #
and
the rentall of Hornby. Also he has poyntyd me that I sall not
com to hym or the morue after Martynmes day, and I cowde not
cause hym to poynt no soner, for he sayd he cowde not geyt hyt  #
or
then, and I sall kepe that day with the grace of God and geyt   #
of
hym all that I cane. Ser, I wold avyse you, and my cosyn John
Herryngton man be in no ruporte of sekenes, to geyt all the
evydens of hym that ze cane or Ser James com up, for he is      #
purpast
to com hastly. Also Ser James and the Person of Sladeborne
thynk that my cosyn John was puseynd, and that his servant was
hyryd to do hit by my broder Sir Edward, and yf it so be then   #
he
forfets all. More over I send Netylton for Ser James to mete me
and speke with me, and he said that he wold com home to me, and
yf he so do os we leyfe ze sal hafe woord. And as for John      #
Heton
and Roger Leyner they come not here, zet I send ham a letter by
Thomas Orscha and I had no word. Agayn also, Ser, ze wryte to
me for mone, and ze knawe that I cane make no schift or         #
Candylmes,
bot yf ze think I sall go boro hit of my lord Archbyschop,
and yf ze will that I so do, send me a byll by the next that    #
ze cane.
Ser, I sall send Netylton to zou als hastly os I cane. Also,    #
Ser,
on the Frydday after ze departyd come John Sayville and Ser 
[{Edward{] Thirrell ... ... and Ser William Wilkynson, Ser
Robert Audley, and Ric. Gledylle with Ric ... and ... hafe
dyscharge hym, and he wold take none ... hym. Also, Ser, I
pray zou to kepe zou out of all jopertese, and to make myche of
zour selfe, and the Holy Trenete hafe zou in hys blysyd         #
kepeyng.

Your wyfe,
Elezabeth Beaumount.


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E1 XX CORP APLUMPT>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A PLUMPTON AGNES>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 167>
[} [\LETTER CXXXIII.\] }]

To the worshipful Sir Robart Plompton, kt. be thes delivered    
in hast. 

   Sir, in my most hartiest wyse I recommennd me unto you,      #
desiring 
to heare of your prosperitie and welfaire, and of your good
spede in your matters; certyfiing you that I, and my sone       #
William,
with all your children, are in good health (blessed be          #
(^Jesu^) )
with all your servants. Sir, ye, and I, and my sone, was        #
content
at your departing, that my sone should take the farmes at       #
Martingmas
of his tenaunts, or els cast them forth and prayse ther
goods; and so my sone hath done with sone of them. And here
are the names of them that hath payd me; Robart Wood, Peter
Cott, John Gloster, Robart Taler, William Bentham. Sir, it ys
let us to understand that thers other tenaunts, that are cast   #
forth,
<P 168>
hath bene at Cothorpe, and made one ragman to compleane on
my sone and you, that ye take ther goods from them. And that
is not soe, for my sone hath sent for the neighbours of         #
Knaresbrough, 
and Harrygate, and Spofforth, to set pryse on ther comon
and cattell after ther consience; and my sone hath set to       #
streys
some in ther layes, for ther is some that will not apply to his
mynd. And they purpose to get on discharg for my sone, that
they may be set in agayn, and he not to occupie; therfore I     #
pray
you to take good heed therupon. And they have set there names
in the ragman that hath payd my sone; that they know not of,
nor will not be conselled therto. Also, Sir Richard Goldsbrough
hath taken an ox of William Bentham, that was dryven over the
water with ther cattell of the towne of Plompton that he caused
to be put over, for the sayfgard of ther cattell. And when he   #
came
for his ox, he answered him and sayd; Sir John Roclife had
wrytten for certayne tenaunts to be so taryed by him, and       #
spirred
him, whose tenaunt he was, and he shewed him whos he was.
And he will not let him have them without a replevie, and I     #
trow
he will dye in the fold; for I sent William Skirgell and        #
William
Croft, and they cannot get him without a replevie. And therfore
if ye can find any remedie, I pray you for; and also I pray     #
you to 
send me some word, as sone as ye may, of your good speed. No
<P 169>
more at this tyme, but I betake you to the keping of the        #
Trenetie.
From Plompton in hast, the xvi day Novembris.

By your wife, Dame
Agnes Plompton.

[\(16 Nov. 1502.)\]

<P 170>
[} [\LETTER CXXXV.\] }]

To the worshipfull Sir Robart Plompton, kt. be thes delivered 
in hast.

   Right worshipful Sir, in my most harty wise I recommend me
unto you, desiring to witt your prosperytie and wellfayre;      #
letting
you understand that I and all your children is in good health
(blessed be (^Jesu^) ) with all your servants. Lettyng you to   #
understand 
that my Lord Archbishop sent one servant of his unto my
son William, chardging him in the Kyngs name to sette in the
tenaunts agayne; and if he wold not, he wold send to the        #
schereffe,
and cause him to poynt them in agayne. And so I sent one
servant to the schereffe, and the schereffe shewed my servant   #
that
my Lord had wrytten unto him for to poynt them on agayne.
But my sone kepes them forth as yet, and therfor I trow my lord
Archbishop will compleane of my son and you; and sath, that he
will indyte them that was at castyng out of tham. And, Sir, I
pray you that you be not myscontent, that I sent not to you,    #
for
indeed I make the labor that is possible for me to make, and as
yet I cannot speed; but as shortly as I can, I shall spede the
matter. No more at this tyme, but the Trenytie have you in his 
keeping. Scribled in hast, at Plompton, this sunday next after  #
St.
Kateryne day.

By your wiffe, dame
Agnes Plompton.

[\(27 Nov. 1502.)\]

<P 171>
[} [\LETTER CXXXVI.\] }]

To the worshipfull Robart Plompton, knight, be thes byll        #
delivered
in hast. 

   Right worshipful Sir, in my most harte wyse I recommend me
unto you, desiring to here of your welfare and good speed in
your matters. I and all your children is in good health         #
(blessed
be (^Jesu^) ). And, Sir, so it is, as God knowes, that I have   #
mayd as
great labor as was possible for me to make, to content your     #
mynd
in all causes; and now I have mayd the usance of xx=li=, and    #
sent
you with Thomas Bekerdike to content where ye know. And
I pray you to send some wrytting to Thomas Meryng for the
repayment of the money and your discharg. Sir, it is so that
my lord Archbishop hath indytt my sone William and xvi of his
servants, on tewsday was a senit. But Anthony Cliforth gave
in the bill of dytement against my sone and his servants, but   #
the
quest would not endyte them. But my lord Archbishop caused
them; or els he bad them tell who wold not, and he should
ponishe them, that all oder should take insample. And I cannot
get the copie of the indytement, for my Lord hath it in his
hands. No more at this tyme. The Lord preserve you. From
Plompton in hast, this St. Thomas day.

By your wife, dame
Agnes Plompton.

[\(21 Dec. 1502.)\]

<P 184>
[} [\LETTER CXLIX.\] }]

To the worshipfull Robart Plompton, knight, be this byll        #
delivered
in hast. 

   Right worshipfull Sir, in my most hartie wyse I recomend me
unto you, evermore desiring to here of your prosperytie and     #
wellfaire,
and good sped in your matters, shewyng you that I and all
your children is in good health (blessed be (^Jesu^) ) and      #
prays you for
your blessing. Sir, it is so now that I have made you thewsans
of the money, that ye sent to me for, and I have sent it you    #
with
John Walker at this tyme; the which I shall shew you how I mayd
schift of, at your comminge. And I pray you that ye be not      #
miscontent
that I sent it no sooner, for I have made the hast that I could
that was possible for me to do. And also, Sir, I will not lett  #
Tho:
Croft wife plow nor occupie her fermeald, but saith she shall   #
not
occupy without yer life. And also I pray you to send me word
how you speed in your matters againe, as soon as ye may; and
also to send me word where ye will your horses to come to you.
<P 185>
No more at this time, but the Trinity keep you. From Plumpton
in hast, the xix=th= day of March.

By your wife,
Dame Agnes Plompton.

[\(19 March 1503-4.)\]

<P 186>
[} [\LETTER CLI.\] }]
 
To the worshipfull Robart Plompton, knight, be these delivered  #
in 
hast.       

   Right worshipfull Sir, in my most hartiest wyse I recomend   #
me
unto you, desiring to here of your prosperytie and welfare, and
good spede in your matters, the which I marvell greatly that
I have no word from you. Sir, I marvell greatly that ye let
the matter rest so long, and labors no better for your selfe,   #
and
ye wold labor it deligently. But it is sayd that ye be lesse    #
forward,
and they underworketh falsly; and it is sene and known
by them, for they thinke to drive it that they may take the     #
Whitsonday
ferme: and so it is sayd all the country about. Sir, I besech
you to remember your great cost and charges, and myne, and
labor the matter that it myght have an end, for they have       #
taken 
on (^capias^) and delivered for certayne of your tenants. And   #
so they
have taken Edmund Ward at Knarsbrough and arrest him; the
which is a great nossen in the country, that they shall get     #
such
prosses, and ye dow none to them, but lett them have there
mynd fullfilled in every case. And the other tenaunts cannot
pays ther housses, but they shalbe cagid; and also willing none
of your servants shall not pas the dowers, but they mon be      #
trobled. 
And also they have stopped the country, that ther will no
man deale with any of your servants, nether to bye wod, no nor
nothing els. Therfore, I pray you that ye will get some         #
comandment
to the Scherefe that the prosses may be stoped. Also, Sir,
I send you the copy of the letter that came from the            #
Undersherefe,
and the copy of the causes, and the letter that come from
William Elison; the which I had mynd in for loyssing of Edmund
Ward, for I have gotten him forth by the wayes of William
Ellyson. And also, Sir, I am in good health, and all the        #
children
(blessed be (^Jesu^) ), and all your children prayes you for    #
your daly
blessing. And all your servants is in good health, and prays    #
delygently
<P 187>
for your good speed in your matters. And also it is sayd,
that they have cagments for them that hath bought the wood,     #
that
they dare not deale therwith. For without ye get some           #
comaundement,
I wott not how your house shalbe kept, for I know not
wherof to levy one penyworth. No more at this tyme, but the
Trenietie keepe you. From Plompton in hast, the xii day of
Aprill.

By your wyfe,
Dame Agnes Plompton.

[\(12 April 1504.)\]

<P 188>
[} [\LETTER CLIII.\] }]

To the worshipfull Robart Plompton, kt. be thes byll delivered 
in hast. 

   Right worshipfull, I in most hartee wyse recomennd me unto
you, desiring to heare of your wellfaire and good speed in your
matters, letting you understand that I am in good helth, with   #
all
your children (blessed be (^Jesu^) ), and pray you of your      #
daly blessinge;
and all your servants is in good health and is right glad to
here of your welfare. Sir, one the eving after the making of    #
this
letter, your servant Edmund Robyson come home, and so I         #
understond
by your letter, that you wold understand if Sir John Roclife
servants have received any ferme in Yorkshire, but therof I
can get no knowledg as yet. But they have sold oke wood at
Nesfeld, and lettes them stand to the tyme of the yere, one oke
that is worth xl=d= for xij=d=; and also they have sold aches   #
at the
same place: and the okes are sold to William Clapame and        #
Richard
Clapame, and the aches to the towards there about. And
also at Idell, they have sold holyn to James Formes and to      #
Thomas
Quentin and William Aches, and herof I can geet no more
certaintie as yet. And also there is no mo of your tenaunts to  #
get
as yet, nor your servants nether, at this tyme; but the         #
Trenitie
have you in his blessed keepinge Scrybbled in hast, the fryday
next after St. Marke day.

By your wyffe,
Dame Agnes Plompton.

[\(26 April 1504.)\]

<Q E1 XX CORP IPLUMPT>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A PLUMPTON ISABEL>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y X>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 198>
[} [\LETTER CLXII.\] }]

To Sir Robart Plompton, kt. be thes letter delivered.   

   Sir, in the most hartyest wyse that I can, I recomend me     #
unto
you. Sir, I have sent to Wright of Idell for the money that he  #
promyst
you, and he saith he hath it not to len, and makes choses
[\excuses\] and so I can get none nowhere. And as for wood,     #
ther
is none that will bey, for they know ye want money, and without
they myght have it halfe for nought, they will bey none; for    #
your
son, William Plompton, and Thomas Bickerdyke hath bene every
day at wood sence ye went, and they can get no money for        #
nothing, 
- for tha will bey none without they have tymmer tres, and
will give nothinge for them: and so shall your wood be          #
distroyed
and get nought for it. Sir, I told you this or ye went, but ye
wold not beleve me. Sir, I have taken of your tymmer as
much as I can get of, or Whitsonday farme forehand; and
that is but litle to do you any good, for ther is but some      #
that will
len so long afor the tyme. And your Lenten stoufe is to bey,    #
and 
I wote not what to do, God wote, for I am ever left of thes 
fachion. Sir, ther is land in Rybston feild, that Christofer    #
Chambers
wold bey, if ye will sel it; but I am not in a suerty what he 
<P 199>
will give for it. But if ye will sel it, send word to your son  #
what
ye will doe, for I know nothing els wherwith to help you with.
Sir, for God sake take an end, for we are brought to begger     #
staffe,
for ye have not to defend them withall. Sir, I send you my      #
mare, 
and iij=s= iiij=d= by the bearer herof, and I pray you send me  #
word as
sone as ye may. No more at this tyme, but the Holy Trenyttie
send you good speed in all your matters, and send you sone      #
home.
Sir, remember your chillder bookes.

Be your bedfellow,
Isabell Plompton.

<Q E1 XX CORP WPLUMPT>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A PLUMPTON WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 176>
[} [\LETTER CXLII.\] }]

To the worshipfull Sir Robart Plompton, knyght, be thes         #
delivered
in hast.  

   Right worshipfull father and mother, I recomend me unto you,
praying you of your dayly blessing; and all my brethern and     #
sisters
is in good health (blessed be (^Jesu^) ) and prays you of your  #
dayly
blessing, and my lady mother also. Sir, I marvell greatly that  #
I        
have no word from you (and my cousin Gascoyne also) under what
condition I shall behave me and my servants. Sir, it is sayd
that Sir John Roclife will ploue, but we are not certayne; and  #
if
that they come, my cousin Gascoyn saith well therin, for he     #
will
se them on that mannor that they will not like: and bytts me    #
and
my servants keep house, and he will send us x bowes, and us     #
ned.
Sir, your frinds trowes ye beleve fayr words and fayr           #
heightes, and
labors not your matters; for they trow that ys not the Kings
mynd, nor knowes not of ther dealing, that they indyte you, and
me, and your servants, as ye may se by the Judgment herof. Sir,
I have sent you ij letters, derected from my lord Archbishop;   #
the
which I have answered him, that I will keepe the Kings peace.
And also I meane sent him word, whether the tenants should      #
occupy
<P 177>
or no. And it is my cousin Gascoyns mynd, that they shall       #
occupy
for the tyme; and therfor I besech you send me word, how I
shold do in every cause, and my servants also. Sir, your frinds
thinkes that thes indytements ar for you, and it be shewed to   #
the
King or his Counsell. Both my cousin Gascon, and my brother
Elson, as your counsell, gives you so to do. And also I besech
you send me word, as shortly as ye may possibly. No more at
this tyme, but the Trenietie kepe you. From Plompton, on saint
Benedic day.

By your son,
William Plompton, Esquier.

[\(21 Mar. 1502-3.)\]

<Q E1 XX CORP WPLUMPT>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A PLUMPTON WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 220>
[} [\LETTER CLXXX.\] }]

To my right worshipfull and my especiall good father Sir Robart
Plompton, kt. be thes delivered.

   Right worshipfull Sir, after dew recomendations had, I homly
recomend me unto you and to my lady and mother-in-law,          #
beseching
you for your dayly blessing. Sir, I have bene dyverse
tymes before the judges for my matters, but I can have none end
<P 221>
as yet, except my cousin Babthorp myght have all the lands in
Hemyngbrough .... and I to have Waton, Northcayffe, Medelton,
Wystou, and lands in Beverley to the valow of XL=s=, and forest
land in Selby to the valow of XX=s=, and iij=li= land more, or  #
lx=li= in
money; and to give answer the first day of the next tearme.
Wherfore, Sir, I besech you of your best counsell therin by     #
this
bearer. And as for your owne matter before Master Dance, Olever
hath wrytten to you the scertayntie therof; and as for Mr.
Woyd, I had money so much to do as to stope the outlawery this
terme. Wherfore, Sir, I besech you to make some search          #
therfore,
for yt is a great danger, as the world is at this day, as       #
(^Jesu^)
knowes, who preserve you in health. Wrytten at Sacum, the x
day of June. Sir, I besech you give credence to this bearer.

By your owne son to his litle power,
William Plompton.

<Q E1 XX CORP WPLUMPT>
<N LET TO SON>
<A PLUMPTON WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 234>
[} [\LETTER XII.\] }]

To my welbeloved son Robart Plompton at the Iner Temple in
London be this.  

   Son Robart Plompton, I hertely recommend me to you, and
sending you and your brother God blesing and mine. The
cause of my writing to you now; that I wold you should helpe
this bearrer, yong Letham, in such buisenes as he hath in the
Court of Augmentation, for certaine power for yong children of
one Berkine, deceased, as conserning one farme hold, late       #
belonging
to the hold of St. Robarts, which you know I did speake to 
the Ansurer for the use of the said children, and he permised   #
not
to suit them. That notwithstanding, John Benson would have      #
entred;
<P 235>
and now made many great riots upon the said children,
and therfore he is indited with divers persons with him. And
now forther, he hath brought a preve seale against old Leathom
and yong Leathom, and also the eldest child; and for
that divers and many of ther frinds hath moved me to wryte to
you to help them in the said matter. And if it be that you can
make any frinds, to shew Mr. Chaunceler the planer and through
in every thing (and this bearrer can instruct you), and then,   #
I pray
you, do the best for them. And also I would have you to speak
with Mr. Latham, the goldsmith, Lanlord to Robart Oliver, and
shew him how that he will not make his diches and fences        #
belonging
to his farme, but that my corne and gras is spoyled at          #
Watterton
by that meaner. And if he will not seake remedy therof,
let Mr. Fox enter a action of trespas against the said Robart
Oliver for dispoyling my gras at Watterton to the valew of five
mark. And as far as I fele, Mr. Norton comith not up. I shall
make your rents to be gathered, and send it to you as shortly   #
as
I can. And thus hartely far you well. From Plompton, this       #
14=th=
day of November.

By your loving father,
William Plompton.

<Q E1 XX CORP DPLUMPT>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A PLUMPTON DOROTHY>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 202>
[} [\LETTER CLXV.\] }]

To the right worshipfull and my most entyerly beloved, good,    #
kind
father, Sir Robart Plompton, knyght, lying at Plompton in       #
Yorkshire,
be thes delivered in hast.

   Ryght worshipfull father, in the most humble manner that I   #
can
I recommend me to you, and to my lady my mother, and to all
my brethren and sistren, whom I besech almyghtie God to         #
mayntayne
and preserve in prosperus health and encrese of worship,
entyerly requiering you of your daly blessing; letting you wyt
that I send to you mesuage, be Wryghame of Knarsbrugh, of my
mynd, and how that he should desire you in my name to send
for me to come home to you, and as yet I had no answere agane,
the which desire my lady hath gotten knowledg. Wherfore, she is
to me more better lady then ever she was before, insomuch that
she hath promysed me hir good ladyship as long as ever she
shall lyve; and if she or ye can fynd athing meyter for me in   #
this
parties or any other, she will helpe to promoote me to the      #
uttermost
of her puyssaunce. Wherfore, I humbly besech you to be
so good and kind father unto me as to let me know your          #
pleasure,
how that ye will have me ordred, as shortly as it shall like    #
you.
And wryt to my lady, thanking hir good ladyship of hir so       #
loving
and tender kyndnesse shewed unto me, beseching hir ladyship of
good contynewance therof. And therfore, I besech you to send a
servant of yours to my lady and to me, and shew now by your
fatherly kyndnesse that I am your child; for I have sent you
dyverse messuages and wryttings, and I had never answere        #
againe.
Wherfore, yt is thought in this parties, by those persones      #
that list
better to say ill than good, that ye have litle favor unto me;  #
the
which error ye may now quench, yf yt will like you to be so
good and kynd father unto me. Also I besech you to send me a 
fine hatt and some good cloth to make me some kevercheffes.
<P 203>
And thus I besech (^Jesu^) to have you in his blessed keeping   #
to his
pleasure, and your harts desire and comforth. Wryten at the
Hirste, the xviii day of Maye.
  
By your loving daughter,
Dorythe Plompton.

<Q E1 XX CORP RPLUMPT>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A PLUMPTON ROBERT>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 231>
[} [\LETTER X.\] }]

To his mother at Plompton be this letter delivered.   

   Right worshipful mother, I humbly recommend mee unto you,
desiring you of your dayly blessing, praing (^Jesu^) long to    #
continew
your helth to his pleasur. Mother, I thanke you for the .....   #
you
send mee, for yf you were not, I were not able to live; for     #
this
same Christmasse hath cost mee as much as you send mee.         #
Wherfore,
I am afraid I shal not have money to serve mee to Easter.
Also I wold desire you to send mee word of the letter that I    #
wrote
to my father and you, for to moove my Lady Gascoin to write to
<P 232>
my lord, her brother, not to bee only his servant, but of his   #
houshold
and attending unto him; for els he wold do as other lords do,
knowes not half their servants. Wherfor, I desire you that you
wil moove my lady Gascoin to write so to my lord, that I may    #
bee
his houshold servant. Also, mother, I wold desire you to mark
wel my letter, that I sent you by Mr. Oughtred; and here I send
you a godly New Testament by this bearer. And yf the prologue
bee so small that ye cannot wel reade them, ther is my fathers
book, and they are bothe one, and my fathers book hath the      #
prologue
printed in bigger letters. Yf it wil please you to read the
introducement, ye shal see marvelous things hyd in it. And as
for the understanding of it, dout not; for God wil give         #
knowledge
to whom he will give knowledg of the Scriptures, as soon to a
shepperd as to a priest, yf he ask knowledg of God faithfully.
Wherfor, pray to God, and desire Jesus Christ to pray for you
and with you. No more to you at this tyme, but God fill you 
<P 233>
with al spiritual knowledge, to the glory of God, the helth of  #
your
soule, and the profit of your poor nieghbor. Written at the     #
Temple,
the 12 day of ianuary.

By your sonn,
Robert Plompton.

[\ (\Anno circa 1536.\) \]


<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q E1 XX CORP MORELET>
<N LET TO WIFE>
<A MORE THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 422>
[} [\174. TO LADY MORE.\] }]

Maystres Alyce, in my moste hartie wyse I recommende
me to yo[{u{] .

   And where as I am enformed by my sone Heron of 
the losse of our barns and our neighbours also with all the     #
corne
that was therin, albeit (savyng Goddis pleasuer) it wer greate
pytie of so mych[{e{] good corne loste yet sythe it hathe lyked
hym to sende vs suche a chaunce, we muste and ar bounden not
onely to be content but also to be glade of his visitacion. He
sent vs all that we haue loste and sythe he hathe by syche a
chaunce taken yt away ageyne his pleasuer be fulfylled; let vs
never gruge therat but take in good worth and hartely thanke
hym as well for aduersytie as for prosperytie and peraduenture
<P 423>
we haue more cause to thanke hym for our losse then for our
wynnyng, for his wysedome better seethe what ys good for vs
then we do ourselves. Therfore I pray you be of good chere and
take all the howshold with you to chyrche and ther thanke God
bothe for that he hathe geven vs and for that he hathe taken    #
from
vs and for that he hathe lefte vs, which yf yt please hym he    #
can
[{in{]crease when he wyll and yf it please hym to leve vs yet   #
lesse,
at his pleasuer be yt.
   I pray you to make some good enserche what my poore          #
neyghebors
haue loste and byd them take no thought therfore, for and I
shuld not leve my selff a spone there shall no poore neghebore
of myne berre no losse by eny chaunce hapned in my howse. I
pray you be wyth my children and your howsholde mery in God
and devyse somewhat wythe your frendys what way were best to
take for provysyon to [{be{] made for corne for our houshold    #
and
for seede thys yere commyng, [{yff ye{] thyncke yt good that we
kepe the grounde stylle [{in our ha{]ndys, and whether ye       #
thyncke
yt good that we so [{shall{] do or not, yet I thyncke it were   #
not
best sodenly [{thus{] to leve yt all vp and to put away our     #
folke
of our ferm, [{till{] we haue somewhat aduysed vs theron, how   #
be
yt yff we haue more now then ye shall nede and which can gett
them other maysters ye may then dyscharge vs of them but I
wolde not that eny man were sodenly sent away he wote nere
whyther. At my commyng hether I perceved none other but
that I shulde tary styll with the Kyngis Grace but now I        #
shall, I
thynke, by cause of thys chaunce gete leve this next weke to    #
come
home and se you, an then shall we ferther devyse together vpon
all thyngis what order shall be best to take.
   And thus as hartely fare you well wythe all our chyldren as  #
ye
can wyshe, at Woodestokke the iii=de= daye of September by the 
hand of 

Your lovyng husbond,
Thomas More Kg.

<Q E1 XX CORP MORELET>
<N LET TO DAUGHTER>
<A MORE THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 501>
[} [\200. TO MARGARET ROPER.\] }]
 
   When I was before the Lordes at Lambeth, I was the
first that was called in, all beit, Maister Doctour the Vicar   #
of
<P 502>
Croydon was come before me, and diuers other. After the cause
of my sendinge for, declared vnto me (wherof I some what
merueyled in my minde, consideringe that they sent for no mo
temporall men but me) I desired the sight of the othe, which    #
they
shewed me vnder the great seale. Than desired I the sight of    #
the
Acte of the Succession, which was deliuered me in a printed     #
roll.
After which redde secretely by my self, and the othe considered
with the acte, I shewed vnto them, that my purpose was not
to put any faulte eyther in the acte or any man that made it,
or in the othe or any man that sware it, nor to condempne the
conscience of any other man. But as for my self in good faith
my conscience so moued me in the matter, that though I wolde
not denie to swere to the succession, yet vnto the othe that    #
there
was offred me I coulde not sware, without the iubardinge of my
soule to perpetuall dampnacion. And that if they doubted        #
whither
I did refuse the othe only for the grudge of my conscience, or  #
for
<P 503>
any other fantasy, I was ready therin to satisfie them by mine
othe. Which if they trusted not, what shoulde they be the       #
better
to giue me any othe? And if they trusted that I wolde therin
swere true, than trusted I that of their goodnes they woulde    #
not 
moue me to swere the oth that they offred me, perceiuing that
for to swere it was against my conscience. 
   Vnto this my Lorde Chauncellor said, that thei all were      #
sorie
to here me say thus, and see me thus refuse the oth. And they   #
saide
all that on their faith I was the very first that euer refused  #
it;
which wolde cause the Kynges Highnes to conceiue great          #
suspicion
of me and great indignacion towarde me. And therwith
they shewed me the roll, and let me se the names of the lordes
and the comons which had sworne, and subscribed their names
allredy. Which notwithstanding when they saw that I refused
to swere the same my self, not blaming any other man that had
sworne, I was in conclusion commanded to goe downe in to the
gardein, and there vpon I taried in the olde burned chamber,
that loketh in to the gardein and wolde not go downe because
of the heate. In that time saw I Maister Doctour Lattemer come
in to the gardein, and ther walked he with diuers other         #
doctours
and chapleins of my Lorde of Caunterbury, and very mery I saw
hym, for he laughed, and toke one or tweyne aboute the necke so
handsomely, that if they had been women, I wolde haue went
he had ben waxen wanton. After that came Master Doctour Wilson
forth from the lordes and was with two gentilmen brought
<P 504>
by me, and gentilmanly sent straight vnto the Towre. What time
my Lorde of Rochester was called in before them, that can not I
tell. But at night I herd that he had ben before them, but      #
where
he remayned that night, and so forth till he was sent hither, I
neuer harde. I hard also that Maister Vicare of Croydon, and    #
all
the remenaunt of the priestes of London that were sent for, wer
sworne, and that they had such fauour at the counsels hande,
that they wer not lingered nor made to daunce any longe         #
attendaunce 
to their trauaile and cost, as sutours were somtime
wont to be, but were spedde apace to their great comforte, so   #
farre
forth that Maister Vicare of Croydon, either for gladnes or for
drines, or els that it might be sene ( (\quod ille notus erat   #
pontifici\) )
went to my Lordes buttry barre, and called for drinke, and      #
dranke
( (\valde familiariter\) ).
   Whan they had played their pageant and were gone out of the
place, than was I called in again. And than was it declared     #
vnto
me, what a nomber had sworne, euen since I went aside, gladly,
without any styckinge. Wherin I laid no blame in no man, but
for mine owne self answered as before. Now as well before as    #
than,
they somewhat laide vnto me for obstinacye, that where as       #
before,
sith I refused to swere, I wolde not declare any speciall       #
parte of that
othe that grudged my conscience, and open the cause wherfore.
For therunto I had said to them, that I ferid lest the Kinges   #
Highnes
wolde as they saide take displeasure inough towarde me for
the only refusal of the othe. And that if I should open and     #
disclose 
the causes why, I shoulde therwith but further exasperate his
<P 505>
Highnes, which I wolde in no wise do, but rather wolde I abide
al the daunger and harme that might come towarde me, than giue
his Highnes any occasion of further displeasure, than the       #
offringe
of the oth vnto me of pure necessite constrained me. Howbeit    #
when
they diuers times imputed this to me for stubbernes and         #
obstinacie
that I wolde neither swere the oth, nor yet declare the causes  #
why,
I declined thus farre toward them, that rather than I wolde be
accompted for obstinate, I wolde vpon the Kynges gracious       #
licence
or rather his such commaundement had, as might be my sufficient
warraunt, that my declaracion shoulde not offend his Highnes,
nor put me in the daunger of any of his statutes, I wolde be    #
content
to declare the causes in writing; and ouer that to giue an oth
in ye beginninge, that if I might find those causes by any man  #
in
such wyse answered, as I might thinke mine owne conscience      #
satisfied,
I wolde after that with all mine hart swere the principall oth,
to.
   To this I was answered, that though the Kynge wolde giue me
licence vnder his letters patent, yet wolde it not serue        #
against the
statute. Wherto I said, that yet if I had them, I wolde stande  #
vnto
the trust of his honour at my parell for the remenaunt. But     #
yet it
thinketh me, loe, that if I may not declare the causes without
perill, than to leaue them vndeclared is no obstinacy.
   My Lord of Canterbury takinge hold vpon that that I saide,   #
that
I condempned not the conscience of them that sware, saide vnto
me that it apered well, that I did not take it for a very sure  #
thinge
and a certaine, that I might not lawfully swere it, but rather  #
as a
thinge vncertain and doubtfull. But than (said my Lord) you
knowe for a certenty and a thinge without doubt, that you be
bownden to obey your souerain lorde your Kyng. And therfore
are ye bounden to leaue of the doute of your vnsure conscience
in refusinge the othe, and take the sure way in obeying of your
prince, and swere it. Now al was it so, that in mine owne minde
me thought my self not concluded, yet this argument semed me
sodenly so suttle and namely with such authorite comminge out
of so noble a prelate's mouth, that I coulde againe answere     #
nothinge
therto but only that I thought my self I might not well do so,
because that in my conscience this was one of the cases, in     #
which
I was bounden that I shoulde not obey my prince, sith that what
so euer other folke thought in the matter, (whose conscience    #
and
learninge I wolde not condempe nor take vpon me to iudge) yet
in my conscience the trouth semed on the tother side. Wherin I
<P 506>
had not enformed my conscience neither sodeinly nor sleightley,
but by longe laysure and diligent serche for the matter. And of
trouth if that reason may conclude, than haue we a redy way to
avoyde all perplexities. For in what so euer matters the        #
doctours
stande in great doubt, the Kynges commaundement giuen vpon
whither side he list soyleth all the doutes.
   Than said my Lorde of Westminster to me, that how so euer
the matter semed vnto mine owne minde, I had cause to feare
that mine owne minde was erronious, when I see the great        #
counsail
of the realme determine of my mynde the contrary, and that      #
therfore
I ought to chaunge my conscience. To that I answered, that
if there were no mo but my self vpon my side, and the whole
Parlement vpon the tother, I wolde be sore afraide to lene to   #
mine
owne mynde only against so many. But on the other side, if it
so be, that in some thinges for which I refuse the oth, I haue  #
(as
I thinke I haue) vpon my parte as great a counsail and a        #
greater
to, I am not than bounden to change my conscience, and conferme
it to the counsail of one realme, against the generall          #
counsail of
Christendome. Vpon this Maister Secretary (as he that tenderly
fauoreth me), saide and sware a gret oth, that he had leuer     #
that
his owne only sonne (which is of trouth a goodly yonge          #
gentilman,
and shall I trust come to much worship) had lost his hedde,     #
than
that I shoulde thus haue refused the oth. For surely the Kynges
Highnes wolde now conceiue a great suspicion against me, and
thinke that the matter of the nonne of Canterbury was all       #
contriued
by my drift. To which I saide that the contrary was true
and well knowen, and what so euer shoulde mishap me, it laye
not in my powre to helpe it without perill of my soule. Than    #
did
my Lorde Chaunceller repete before me my refusell vnto Mister
Secretary, as to hym that was going vnto the Kynges Grace. And
in the rehearsing, his Lordship repeted again, that I denied    #
not
but was content to sware to the succession. Wherunto I said,    #
that
as for that poynt, I wolde be content, so that I might se my    #
oth
in that poynt so framed in such a maner as might stande with
my conscience.
   Than said my Lorde: 'Mary, Maister Secretary marke that to,
that he will not sware that neither, but vnder some certaine    #
maner.'
'Verily no, my Lorde,' quoth I, 'but that I will see it made    #
in such
<P 507>
wise first, as I shall my self se, that I shall neither be      #
forsworne nor
swere against my conscience. Surely as to swere to the          #
succession
I see no perill, but I thought and thinke it reason, that to    #
mine
owne othe I loke well my self, and be of counsaile also in the
fashion, and neuer entended to swere for a pece, and set my     #
hande
to the whole othe. How be it (as helpe me God), as touchinge    #
the
whole othe, I neuer withdrewe any man from it, nor neuer        #
aduised
any to refuse it, nor neuer put, nor will, any scruple in any
mannes hedde, but leaue euery man to his owne conscience. And
me thinketh in good faith, that so were it good reason that     #
euery
man shoulde leaue me to myne.'

<P 508>
[} [\202. TO MARGARET ROPER.\] }]

Our Lord blisse you all.

   If I had not ben, my derely beloued doughter, at a
firme and fast point, (I trust in God's great mercie) this      #
good great
while before, your lamentable letter had not a litle abashed    #
me,
surely farre aboue all other thynges, of which I here diuers    #
times
not a fewe terrible towarde me. But surely they all towched me
neuer so nere, nor were so greuous vnto me, as to se you, my    #
welbeloued
childe, in such vehement piteous maner labour to perswade
vnto me, that thinge wherin I haue of pure necessite for
respect vnto myne owne soule, so often gyuen you so precise
answere before. Wherin as towchinge the pointes of your letter,
I can make none answere, for I doubt not but you well remembre,
that the matters which moue my conscience (without declaracion
wherof I can nothinge touche the poyntes) I haue sondry tymes
<P 509>
shewed you that I will disclose them to no man. And therfore
doughter Margaret, I can in this thynge no further, but lyke as
you labour me againe to folowe your minde to desire and praye
you both againe to leaue of such labour, and with my former     #
answeres 
to holde your self content.
   A deadly grief vnto me, and moch more deadly than to here
of mine owne death, (for the feare therof, I thanke our Lorde,  #
the
feare of hel, the hope of heauen and the passion of Christ      #
daily
more and more aswage), is that I perceiue my good sonne your
husband, and you my good doughter, and my good wife, and mine
other good children and innocent frendes, in great displeasure
and daunger of great harme therby. The let wherof, while it     #
lieth
not in my hand, I can no further but commit all vnto God.       #
( (\Nam
in manu Dei\) ) saith the scripture ( (\cor regis est, et sicut #
diuisiones
aquarum quocunque voluerit, impellit illud\) ) whose highe      #
goodnes
I most humbly besech to encline the noble harte of the Kynges
Highnes to the tender fauor of you all, and to fauour me no     #
better
than God and my self knowe that my faithfull hart toward hym
and my dayly prayour for hym, do deserue. For surely if his     #
Highnes
might inwardlie see my true minde such as God knoweth it
is, it wolde (I trust) sone aswage his high displeasure. Which
while I can in this worlde neuer in such wise shewe, but that   #
his
Grace may be perswaded to beleue the contrary of me, I can no
further go, but put all in the handes of hym, for feare of      #
whose   
displeasure for the saue garde of my soule stirred by mine owne
conscience (without insectacion or reproch laieng to any other
mans) I suffre and endure this trouble. Out of which I besech
hym to bringe me, when his will shall be, in to his endelesse   #
blisse
of heauen, and in the meane while, gyue me grace and you both
in all our agonies and troubles, deuoutly ro resort prostrate   #
vnto
the remembraunce of that bitter agony, which our Sauiour        #
suffred
before his passion at the Mount. And if we diligently so do, I
verily trust we shall find therin great comfort and             #
consolacion.
And thus my deare doughter the blessed spiritt of Christ for    #
his
tender mercy gouerne and guide you all, to his pleasure and     #
your
weale and comfortes both body and soule.

Your tender louynge father,
Thomas More, Knight.

<P 544>
[} [\211. TO MARGARET ROPER.\] }]

The Holy Spirite of God be with you.

   Your doughterly louyng letter, my derely beloued
childe was and is, I faithfully assure you, much more inward
comfort vnto me, then my penne can wel expresse you, for
diuers thinges that I marked therin but of all thinges most     #
especially,
for that God of his high goodnes geueth you the grace to
consider the incomparable difference, betwene the wretched      #
estate
of this present lyfe, and the welthy state of the lyfe to       #
come, for
them that dye in God, and to praye God in such a good Christen
fashion, that it may please hym (it doth me good here to        #
rehearse
your owne wordes) 'of his tender pitie so firmely to rest our   #
loue
in hym, with litle regard of this worlde, and so to fle sinne   #
and 
embrace vertue, that we may say with S. Paule, (\Mihi viuere    #
Christus
est et mori luchrum. Et illud, Cupio dissolui et esse cum       #
Christo\) .'
<P 545>
I besech our Lord, my dearly beloued daughter, that holesome
prayer that he hath put in your mynde, it may like hym to giue
your father the grace, daylie to remember and praye, and your
self as you haue written it, euen so dayly deuoutly to knele    #
and
praye it. For surely if God geue vs that, he geueth vs and will
geue vs therwith, all that euer we can well wishe. And therfore
good Marget, when you praye it, praye it for vs both: and I     #
shall
on my parte the lyke, in such maner as it shall lyke our Lorde
to geue me poore wretch the grace, that lykewise as in this
wretched worlde I haue been very gladde of your company and
you of mine, and yet wolde if it might be (as naturall charitie
bindeth the father and the childe) so we may reioyce and enioy
ech others company, with our other kynsefolke, alies and        #
frendes
euerlastingly in the glorious blysse of heauen: and in the      #
menetyme,
with good counsaile and prayer ech help other thitherwarde.
   And where you write these wordes of your selfe, 'But good
father, I wretch am farre, farre, farthest of all other from    #
such
poynt of perfection, our Lorde send me the grace to amende my
lyfe, and continually to haue an eie to mine ende, without      #
grudge
of death, which to them that dye in God, is the gate of a       #
welthy
lyfe to which God of his infinite mercie bringe vs all. Amen.   #
Good
Father strenght my frayltie with your deuoute prayers.' The
father of heauen mote strenght thy frailtie, my good daughter   #
and
the frayltie of thy fraile father too. And let vs not doute     #
but he
so will, if we wyll not be slacke in calling vpon hym therfor.  #
Of
my poore prayers such as they be ye may be bold to reken. For
Christen charitie and naturall loue and your verie doughterly
dealing ( (\funiculo triplici, (vt ait scriptura) difficile     #
rumpitur\) )
both binde me and straine me therto. And of yours I put as      #
litle
doubte.
   That you feare your owne frailtie Marget, nothinge mislyketh
me. God geue vs both twaine the grace, to dispayre of our owne
self, and whole to depende and hange vpon the hope and strenght
of God. The blessed apostle S. Paule founde such lacke of       #
strength
in himself, that in his owne temptacion he was fain thrise to
call and cry out vnto God, to take that temptacion from hym.    #
And
yet sped he not of his prayer, in the maner that he required.   #
For
God of his high wisdome, seing that it was (as him self saith)
<P 546>
necessarie for hym to kepe hym from pryde, that els he might    #
peraduenture
haue fallen in, wolde not at his thrise praying, by and
by take it from hym, but suffred hym to be panged in the payne
and feare therof, geuing hym yet at the last this comfort       #
against
his feare of falling ( (\Sufficit tibi gratia mea\) ). By       #
which wordes it
well semeth, that the temptacion was so stronge (what so euer
kind of temptacion it was) that he was very fearde of falling,
throwgh the feblenesse of resisting that he began to feele in   #
hym
self. Wherfore for his comfort God answered ( (\Sufficit tibi   #
gratia
mea\) ) puttinge hym in suretie, that were he of hym selfe      #
neuer
so feble and faint, nor neuer so lykely to fall, yet the grace  #
of God
was sufficient to kepe hym vp and make him stand. And our Lord
sayd ferther, ( (\Virtus in infirmitate proficitur\) ). The     #
more weke
that man is, the more is the strenght of God in his saueguard
declared. And so S. Paule saith ( (\Omnia possum in eo qui me 
confortat\) ).
   Surely Megge a fainter hearte than thy fraile father hath,   #
canst
you not haue. And yet I verely trust in the great mercye of     #
God,
that he shall of his goodnesse so staye me with his holy hand,
that he shall not finally suffer me to fall wretchedlie from    #
his
fauour. And the lyke trust (deare doughter) in his high goodnes
I verely conceue of you. And so much the more, in that there is
neither of vs both, but that if we call his benefites to        #
minde, and
geue hym oft thankes for them, we may finde tokens many, to
geue vs good hope for all our manifold offences toward hym,     #
that
his great mercye, when we wyll hartely call therfore, shall     #
not be
withdrawen from vs. And verely, my deare daughter, in this is
my great comfort, that albeit, I am of nature so shrinking from
paine, that I am allmost afeard of a philip, yet in all the     #
agonies
that I haue had, wherof before my coming hether (as I haue
shewed you ere this) I haue had neither small nor few, with
heauy fearfull heart, forecasting all such peryls and paynfull
deathes, as by any maner of possibilitie might after fall vnto  #
me,
and in such thought lyen longe restles and wakyng, while my
wyfe had went I had slept, yet in anye such feare and heauy     #
pensifenes
(I thanke the mightie mercie of God) I neuer in my 
minde entended to consent, that I woulde for the enduring of    #
the
<P 547>
vttermost, doe any such thinge as I shoulde in mine owne        #
conscience 
(for with other mens I am not a man mete to take vpon
me to medle) thinke to be to my self, such as shoulde dampnably
cast me in the displeasure of God. And this is the lest poynt   #
that
any man may with his saluacion come to, as farre as I can see,
and is bounden if he see peryll to examine his conscience       #
surely by
learning and by good counsaile and be sure that his conscience  #
be
such as it may stande with his saluacion, or els reforme it.    #
And if
the matter be such, as both the parties may stande with         #
saluacyon,
then on whither side his conscience fall, he is safe ynough     #
before
God. But that mine owne may stand with my own saluacion, therof
I thanke our Lorde I am very sure. I besech our Lord bring all
partes to his blisse.
   It is now, my good doughter, late. And therfore thus I       #
commend
you to the holy Trinitie, to gyde you, coumfort you and
direct you with his Holy Spirite, and all yours and my wyfe     #
with
all my children and all our other frendes. 

Thomas More, Knyght.

<P 563>
[} [\218. TO MARGARET ROPER.\] }]

   Owr Lorde blisse you goode dowghter and your goode
husbande and your litle boye and all yours and all my children
and all my godchildren and all owr freindis. Recommende me
<P 564>
whan you maye to my goode doughter Cecilye, whom I beseche
owr Lorde to comforte, and I sende her my blessinge and to all
her children and pray her to praye for me. I sende her an       #
handekercher
and God comforte my goode sonne her husbande. My
goode dowghter Daunce hath the picture in parchemente that
yow deliuered me from my Ladie Coniars, her name is on the
backe side. Shewe her that I hertely pray her that you maye     #
sende
it in my name to her agayne for a token from me to praye for    #
me.
   I like speciall well  Dorithe Coly, I praye you be good      #
vnto her.
I woulde wytte whether this be she that yow wrote me of. If not
I praye yow be goode to the tother, as yow maye in her          #
affliction
and to my good doughter Jone Aleyne to giue her I pray yow
some kynde aunswere, for she sued hither to me this daye to     #
pray
you be goode to her.
   I cumber you goode Margaret muche, but I woulde be sorye, if
it shoulde be any lenger than to morrowe, for it is S. Thomas
evin, and the vtas of Sainte Peter and therefore to morowe      #
longe
I to goe to God, it were a daye very meete and conveniente for
me. I neuer liked your maner towarde me better then when you
kissed me laste for I loue when doughterly loue and deere       #
charitie
hathe no laisor to looke to worldely curtesye.
   Fare well my deere childe and praye for me, and I shall for
you and all your freindes that we maie merily meete in heauen.
I thanke you for your greate coaste.
   I sende nowe vnto my goode dowghter Clemente her algorisme
stone and I sende her and my goode sonne and all hers Goddes
blissinge and myne.
   I praye yow at tyme conveniente recommende me to my goode
sonne Johan More. I liked well his naturall fashion. Owr Lorde
blisse him and his goode wife my louinge doughter, to whom I
<P 565>
praye him be goode, as he hathe greate cause, and that if the
lande of myne come to his hande, he breake not my will          #
concerninge
his sister Daunce. And our Lorde blisse Thomas and Austen
and all that thei shall haue.

<Q E1 XX CORP MROPER>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A ROPER MARGARET>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 510>
[} [\203. FROM MARGARET ROPER.\] }]

Myne owne good Father.

   It is to me no litle comfort, sith I can not talke with
you by such meanes as I wolde, at the lest way to delite my     #
self
amonge in this bitter tyme of your absens, by such meanes as I
maye, by as often writinge to you, as shall be expedient and by
readinge againe and againe your most fruteful and delectable
letter, the faithfull messenger of your very vertuous and       #
gostly
minde, rid from all corrupt loue of worldly thinges, and fast   #
knitt
only in the loue of God, and desire of heauen, as becommeth a   #
very
true worshipper and a faithful seruaunt of God, which I doubt   #
not,
good father, holdeth his holy hand ouer you and shall (as he
hath) preserue you both body and soule ( (\vt sit mens sana in  #
corpore
sano\) ) and namely, now when you haue abiected all erthly
consolacions and resyned yourself willingly, gladly and fully   #
for
his loue to his holy protection.
   Father, what thinke you hath ben our comfort sins your       #
departinge
from vs? Surely the experiens we haue had of your lyfe past
and godly conuersacion, and wholesome counsaile, and verteous
example, and a suretie not only of the continuaunce of the      #
same,
but also a great encrese by the goodnes of our Lorde to the     #
great
rest and gladnes of your hart deuoyd of all earthly dregges,    #
and
garnished with the noble vesture of heauenly vertues, a         #
pleasant
pallais for the Holy Spirite of God to rest in, who defend you
(as I doubt not, good father, but of his goodnes he wyll) from
all trouble of minde and of body, and gyue me your most louinge
obedient dowghter and handmaide, and all vs your children and
frendes, to folow that that we prayse in you, and to our onely
comfort remembre and comin together of you, that we may in
<P 511>
conclusion mete with you, mine owne dere father, in the blisse
of heauen to which our most mercifull Lord hath bought vs
with his precious blood.
   Your owne most louing obedient doughter and bedeswoman,
Margaret Roper, which desireth aboue all worldly thinges to be
in John Woodes stede to do you some seruice. But we lyue in     #
hope 
that we shall shortly receiue you againe, I pray God hartely we
may, if it be his holy wyll.

<P 538>
[} [\209. FROM MARGARET ROPER.\] }]

Myne owne most entierelie beloued Father.

   I thinke my self neuer able to geue you sufficient
thankes, for the inestimable coumforte my poore heart receyued
<P 539>
in the reading of your most louinge and godly letter,           #
representing
to me the cleare shynynge brightenesse of your soule, the pure
temple of the Holy Spirite of God, which I doubte not shall     #
perpetually
rest in you and you in hym. Father, if all the worlde had
be geuen to me, as I be saued it hadde ben a small pleasure, in
comparison of the pleasure I conceyued of the treasure of your
letter, which though it were writen with a cole, is worthy in   #
mine
opinion to be written in letters of golde.
   Father, what moued them to shitte you vp againe, we can      #
nothing
heare. But surelie I coniecture that when they considered that
you wer of so temperate minde, that you wer contended to abide
there all your lyfe with such libertie, they thought it wer     #
neuer
possible to encline you to their will, except it were by        #
restrayning
you fro the Church, and the company of my good mother your
deare wyfe and vs your childern and bedesfolke. But Father this
chaunce was not straunge to you. For I shall not forgeat how    #
you
tolde vs when we were with you in the gardeine, that these      #
thinges
were lyke ynoughe to chaunce shortly after. Father, I haue many
tymes rehearsed to mine owne coumfort and diuers others, your
fashyon and wordes ye had to vs when we wer last with you: for
which I trust by the grace of God to be the better while I      #
lyue, and
when I am departed out of this fraile lyfe, which, I praye      #
God, I
may passe and ende in his true obedient seruice, after the      #
wholsome
counsaile and fruitfull example of liuing I haue had (good
Father) of you, whom I praye God geue me grace to folowe: which
I shall the better thorowe the assistens of your deuoute        #
praiers,
the speciall staye of my frayltie. Father, I am sory I haue no  #
lenger
laysure at this time to talke with you, the chief comforte of   #
my
lyfe, I trust to haue occasion to write again shortly. I        #
trust I haue
your dayly prayer and blessing.
   Your most louing obedient daughter and bedeswoman Margaret
Roper, which dayly and howrelie is bounden to pray for you, for
whome she prayeth in this wise that our Lorde of his infinite
mercye geue you of his heauenly comfort, and so to assist you   #
with
his speciall grace that ye neuer in any thinge decline from his
blessed will, but liue and dye his true obedient seruaunt.      #
Amen.


<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q E1 XX CORP GCROMW>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A CROMWELL GREGORY>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,338>
[} [\LETTER CXX.\] }]
[} [\GREGORY CROMWELL TO HIS FATHER, MR. THOMAS CROMWELL.\] }]

   Most dere father, I humbly recomend me unto
you, and hertily beseche you of yowr dayly blessyng,
naturally bownden thayreunto; for the wiche, and
other yowr manifowld benefittes to me colatyt, I am
and schalbe yowr daly bedman, interely desyryng the
contineweans of the same; trustyng soo to accomplysse
and fulfyll yowr parentall com~andments in the
passage of myne erudicion, that yow, my good father,
schall tharewith be ryght welcontentyd by Gods
helpe, the wiche with hys grace hee send hus. Amen.
Frome the howse of yowr bedman Mr. Doctor Lee
thys Ester day in the mornyng.

By yowr vigelante sone
Gregori Cromewell.

<P I,339>
[} [\LETTER CXXI.\] }]
[} [\GREGORY CROMWELL TO HIS FATHER. A SECOND LETTER OF 
DUTY.\] }]

   Right worschypfull father, I co~mend me un to
you, desyryng you of youre dayly blessyng, sartyfying
you that I am in good helth, wyth my cosens
Bersfourd and Wellyfyd, thanks be unto God omnipotente,
and apply owre boks dylygently, as shall
appere I trust to youre worschyp and owre proffyts.
Father, I besetch you whan ye mett wyth the ryght
honorable lorde of Oxforth, to geue thanks un to hys
Lorchyp, for whan he came to a towne callyd Yeldam,
to the parsons there of to hunte the foxe, he
sente for me and my cossyns, and mad us good
schere; and lett us see schuch game and plesure as I 
never saye in my lyfe; more over father, I besetch
you to geve thanks to the for sayde parson of Yeldam,
which sens I came in to the cuntry hath dyvers tymys
sente for me and for my cossyns and mad us hygh
schere, and schewyd us gret plesure. For all other
thyngs consarnyng my rayment, I beseche you geve
credens to my synguler good frende Mayster Doctor
Lee. Thus Jhesu have you in hys kepyng. From
Topsfyld the xvii day of October. By your lowly sone

Gregory Crumwell.

<P I,340>
[} [\LETTER CXXII.\] }]
[} [\GREGORY CROMWELL, AGAIN TO HIS FATHER.\] }]

   Ryght worshypfulle father, as harte canne thynke
or tong canne tell, I hartely co~mende me vn to you,
beyng always desyrus to here of your prosperus helth
and welfare, whych I pray Jhsu long contynwe to his
pleasure, and to your moste gentillyste hartis desyre,
&c. The cause of my wrytynge vn to you at thys
tyme ys, to desyre you to send me your blessyng,
which ys more treasure unto me then all the abundance 
of worldly goods; sertyfyinge you that I was
in good helth at the makynge of thys letter, thankyd
be God omnipotent, and doo apply my boke deligently,
as I truste in God shall in process of tyme
apere to my proffyte, and to your contentacion and
worship. I have recevid the tokyne that you sent
by Master doctor Bekynsall, unto whome I pray you
gyve thanks, for at his beyng now at Topsfylde bothe
mad me gret cheare and all my fellos, and gave me a
crone to spende. Wherfore, I beseche you father,
have hym in your remembrance. Thus Jhesu preserve
you in his goodnes. Frome Topsfylde the xxv day
of October.

By your lowly sone
Gregori Crumwell.


<S SAMPLE 5>

<Q E1 XX CORP ECUMBERL>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A CUMBERLAND ELEANOR>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 125>
[} [\44\] }]
[} [\ELEANOR, COUNTESS OF CUMBERLAND, TO THE SECOND EARL OF     #
CUMBERLAND
14 FEBRUARY (1543-1547)\] }]
<P 126>
Jhesus

   Dere hart, after my moste hartye commendatyons, thys shalbe  #
to
sertify yow that sense yowr departure frome me, I have byn very
seke & att thys present my watter ys very redd, wherby I        #
suppos I have
the jaundes & the aygew both, for I have none abyde to meate &  #
I
have suche payns in my syde & towardes my bak as I had att
Brauham, wher ytt be gane with me furst. Wher for I desyre yow
to help me to a physyssyon & that thys berer may brynge hym     #
with
hym, for now in the begynning I trust I may have gud remedy, &
the longer ytt ys delayed the worse ytt wylbe. Also my sister   #
Powys
ys comyd to me & ys very desyrous to se yow, whiche I trust     #
shalbe
the sooner at this tyme & thus Jhesu send hus both healthe.     #
Att my
lodge of Carleton, the xiiij=th= day of February.
   And, dere hart, I pray yow send for Doctor Stephyns, for he  #
knowyth
best my complexon for such cawsys.

By yowr assuryd loufyng wyff,
Elenor Cumbarland.

<Q E1 XX CORP KSCROPE>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A SCROPE KATHERINE>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 111>
[} [\35\] }]
[} [\LADY KATHERINE SCROPE TO THE FIRST EARL OF CUMBERLAND,
14 OCTOBER (1536)\] }]
<P 112>
   My dewty promysed unto your Lordship in my most humbliest    #
maner;
advertysyng the same that yesterday the commons off             #
Richmontshir
did meat at Richmond, wher undoubtedly they dewydet them in     #
thre
partyes, wheroff one company there was commandet to come this   #
day
for my Lord my bedfelowe ore his litell boy & myn, Sir James    #
Metcalff
ore his sone Cristofer, & Richard Sigiswik, and to brynge them  #
with
them or elles to pull downe their housses and spoill them off   #
their
goodes. A nother company goth fore my Lord Latymer ore his      #
sone,
Mr. Danby, with other in thosse quarters. And the third company
goth to Barnard Castell to bryng to them my cousyn George Bowes
& his two uncles. My Lord my bedfelow is this nyght at Helbek   #
Hall
& wulbe with your Lordshipe at Skypton in as convenyent spead   #
as
he can maik, to tak suche parte as your Lordshipe dothe. And I  #
wull
come this mornyng towardes Katelwell & tary there off my        #
bedfelowe,
and wold come with hym to Skipton, iff ye thynk it good. And    #
this
nyght I have sent my litell boy with his nursse unto one poore  #
mans
housse, to be kept privy there to we knowe forther. And what    #
your
Lordshipes mynd is in the premysses I wull hertly besuche you   #
to
send it to Catelwell with this berere. Thus tholy Gost          #
preserve youre
good Lordship with my Lady my mother & all youres in comfort.   #
At
Bolton, this Setterday before day,

Your humbliest doughter,
Kateryn Scrope.



<B CEOFFIC1>
<Q E1 XX CORO THOWARD>
<N LET TO KING>
<A HOWARD THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>

[^SAMPLE 1:

HOWARD, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH
HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.
THIRD SERIES, VOL. I.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, 1846. 
PP. 85.22 - 87.26 (31) (THOWARD)

TUNSTALL, CUTHBERT.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 134.1 - 138.24 (51) (TUNSTALL)

TEXT:  A LETTER BY THE LORDS OF THE COUNCIL.
Idem.
PP. 123.32 - 125.28 (145) (LORDS)

SAMPLE 2:

WOLSEY, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH
HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.
SECOND SERIES, VOL. II.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON: HARDING AND LEPARD, 1827. 
PP. 17.1 - 21.29 (99) (WOLSEY)

SAMPLE 3:

HENRY VIII.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH
HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.
THIRD SERIES, VOL. I.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, 1846. 
PP. 236.1 - 240.8 (83-84) (HENRY)

BEDYLL, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 76.1 - 78.22 (128) (BEDYLL)

CROMWELL, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 100.15 - 103.16 (137) (CROMWELL)

MORE, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 203.1 - 206.25 (72) (MOREWOL)
PP. 208.9 - 210.20 (74)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>

<P I,85>
[} [\LETTER XXXI.\] }]

[} [\LORD SURREY'S SECOND LETTER OF CHALLENGE TO KING
JAMES THE FOURTH OF SCOTLAND.\] }]

<P I,86>
   Right highe and mightie Prince, so itt is that latelie
I sent unto you Rougecrosse pursevant at Armes
and by him advertised yo=r= Grace that I and other, my
Sovereigne Lord's subjects, were come to represse and
resist your Invasions of this the Kinges my Sovereigne
Lordes realme. And for that intent I offered to give
you battell on this half, Friday next coming, which my
message your Grace tooke pleasure to heare as I am
enformed. And by your herauld Isley ye made answere 
that you were right joyeous of my desire, and
would not faile to accomplishe the same and to abide
me there, where you were at the tyme of my message
so shewed unto your Grace. And albeit it hathe pleased
yow to change your said promise and put your self
into a ground more like a fortresse or Campe then
upon any indifferent ground for battel to be tryede,
wherefore considering the day apointed is so nighe
<P I,87>
approching I desire now of your Grace for the accomplishment
of your honorable promise yow will despose
your self for yo=r= parte, like as I shall doo for myne, to
be to morrowe with your host in your side of the plaine
of Milfeild, in likewise as I shall doo for myne, and
shalbe with the subjects of my sovereign Lord on my
side of the playne of the said feild to give yow battell
betwixt xij. of the clock and iij. in the afternoone, upon
sufficient warning by yow to be given by viij=th=. or ix of
the Clock in the Morning by the said Pursevant. And
like as I and other Noblemen my company binde us
by our writeing subscribed with our hands to keepe
the same tyme to the intent above said: ift may like
your Grace by your honorable Letters subscribed with 
your hand to bind yo=r= Grace for the accomplishment
of this desire, trusting that yow will depeach our said
Pursevant immediatly, for the long delay of so honorable
a Journey wee think should sound to your dishonor.
Written in the feild in Woller haughe the 7=th=.
day of September at five of the Clock in the afternoone

Thomas Surrey.
 
  Thomas Haward, Thom. Dacre, Clifford, Henerie
Scroope, Ralphe Scrope, Rich. Latimer, William Conyers,
J. Lomley, R. Ogle, W. Percye, E. Stanley, William Molynex,
Marmaduke Constable, W. Gascoigne, W. Griffith,
George Darcy, W. Bulmer, Thom. Strangwayes, &c.

<Q E1 XX CORO TUNSTALL>
<N LET TO KING>
<A TUNSTALL CUTHBERT>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,134>
[} [\LETTER LI.\] }]

[} [\D=R=. CUTHBERT TUNSTALL TO KING HENRY THE EIGHTH
CONCERNING MAXIMILIAN'S PROPOSAL TO RESIGN THE
EMPIRE TO HENRY. A.D. 1517.\] }]

   Plese it your Grace to undirstond that besids al
other maters contenyd in our Lettres jointly written
at thys tyme to your Grace, oon is in them untowchyd
by cause I wold not make my clerke privey to the secretie
theroff, which yff I shold not to longe have taried
the last curror save thys, I shold then have written.
But by cause then we wer sent for to come to th'emperor
commissionars, and our Lettres wer redy written
contenyng a longe discurse and declaration off many
mattres shewyd by the Cardinal Sedunensis which was
necessary your Grace shold know in al haste, we therfor
not knowinge how long th'emperors commissioners
shuld lete us, dispached that poste, reservyng thys to
<P I,135>
be written by my selff at laysor which then I had not.
The thinge is this. The said Cardinal Sedunens. in
makinge his long discurse hertofor by us written,
emongest other things shewyd me that oon off the secrete
mater stretyd betuyx th'emperor and your Grace
was that th'emperor entendeth to resigne the Empire
unto your Grace, and to obten your Election by hys
procurement and sollicitinge off the Electors therunto,
which th'emperor entendyd to do for the avancement of
your honor and the love which he berith you. Which
mater when I herd I lete as I nothynge had marked it,
and lete hym passe on in tellynge off his tale which
endyd in thys, that thys thynge shold be oon off the
secrete maters treatid by hym betwix th'Emperor and
your Grace. Sire besids that I am your Graces subject
and servant, and sworn off your counsel thoff
unworthi, your Grace hath also shewyd so largely your
bounteousnes and liberalite anenst me that I ougth mo
to desire the incresement and augmentation off your
Graces honor then any servaunt to your Grace belonginge.
Which I assure your Grace I doo tendre as
moch to my symple powar as any subjiet in your realme
or ellys it wer pitie I shuld lyve. And lykwyse yff
therbe any thynge soundinge to your Grace's damage
or hynderaunce iff I shold concele it; ther coud no pain
be to great for me. Wherfor I most humbly besech
your Grace to accepte graciously and favorably the
<P I,136>
thinge which now I write both for the ardent love
which I bere unto your Grace, and for the accomplishment
off my dutie. Surly yff it lyke your Grace I
thinke the said Election off your Grace to th'empire
cannot be brogth aboute by no means, for diverse                #
considerations.
Fyrste that lyke as in the Election off the
Pope a certain forme is to be kept which not observed
makith the Election to be voyd, so off auncient tyme
and ordinaunce off the universale churche a certain
forme must be observyd in chesinge off th'emperor,
which ometted, the Election is voyde. Oon of the
cheffe points in the Election off th'emperor is that he
which shal be electyd must be off Germanie subgiet to
[{the{] Empire; wheras your Grace is not, nor never
sithen the Cristen faith the Kings of Englond wer subgiet
to th'empire. But the Crown of Englond is an
Empire off hitselff mych bettyr then now the Empire
of Rome: for which cause your Grace werith a close
Crown. And therfor yff ye wer chosen, sens your
Grace is not off th'empire the Election wer voide. And
iff your Grace shuld accepte the said Election therby
ye must confesse your realme to be under subjection
off th'empire to the perpetual prejudice off your successor,
or ells the said Election wer voyde as made off
a person not eligible. Besids that the forme off the
Election contenyth that first he must be Kinge of Romains
and the coronation at Rome makith hym have
the name off the Emperor, wher befor he is callyd but
<P I,137>
Kinge off Romains. Over thys yff th'emperor which
nou is remain stil Kyng off Romains as I understond
he entendeth to doo, then yff your Grace wer eligible
and undir th'empire, yet ye coud not be chosen Emperor,
by cause ye were never Kinge of Romains. And 
also he remanyng ye could not be chosen Kynge off
Romains, bycause the Kingdome is not voyde, and
noon can be chosen therto but when it is voyd edyr by
dethe or ellys when the Kinge off Romains is crownyd
Emperor, wherby undir hym may be chosen a Kinge
off Romains. The said Empire also (as it is now establyshed)
may not have two Emperors at oon tyme,
but oon as cheff, and the odyr as here apparaunt,
which is callyd the Kinge off Romains, wher he must
begyn that wyl come to th'empire. For which considerations
I repute it impossible (the laws theron made
stondinge) that your Grace may be chosen. And I am
afferd lest the said offer beinge so speciouse at the first
heringe was oonly made to get therby sum money of
your Grace: Which they move to have kepte secret
lest the publyshynge off it shuld make their intent to be
knowen, and frustrate them off thir purpose befor they
coud acheve it. Surly yff it lyke your Grace my simple
advise is that your Grace interpretinge al to the
beste, and the said offer to be made rather off th'emperors
good mynd and grete benivolence then for odyr
purpose, yff the mater shal herafter be set forward or
<P I,138>
movyd to gyff most exquisite thanks to th'emperor for
his good mynd therin: which peraventure may procede
off good benivolence, and so to withdraw your fote bake
out off that mater, and to make good interpretation
opon so grete an offer, which shal be most honorable.
Thus in thys mater I have shewed my simple advise
and mynd; which, I thougth, my dutie savyd, I could
not kepe close from your Grace, wherin I trust such
as be lernyd in the law far bettyr then I wil afferme the
same if it lyke your Grace to make them privey to it.
And iff I doo erre, as I suppose I do not, I submitte
to reformation besechinge your Grace graciously to
accepte my trew mynde and rygth meanyng in thys
mater, which I have touchyd for my discharge lest heraffter
it mygth be imputyd to me not to have shewyd
it in tyme when it came first to my knowledge. In al
other maters at thys tyme we have written at large how
her we find not al persons inclyned at it was thougth
they shold be. And thus Almyghty Jhu~ preserve your
Grace to his plesur with encrese off mych honor. From
Machlyn the xij=th=. day of Februarie

By your most humble
subjecte and servaunt
Cuthbert Tunstal.

<Q E1 XX CORO LORDS>
<N LET TO KING>
<A X>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,123>
[} [\LETTER CXLV.\] }]

[} [\THE LORDS OF THE COUNCIL TO KING HENRY VIII=TH=.           #
RESPECTING
THE LORD LAWARRE, A.D. 1539.\] }]

<P I,124>
   Our most bounden dueties right humbly remembred
to your most excellent Maieste. Please your most noble
Grace to be advertised that We your most humble
subjects and obedient servaunts have this present daye
employed all our most diligence, industrie, and activite
to trye oute the veray botom and pith of suche things
as the Lorde Lawarre hath ben detected to have offended
your Majeste. But as yet we can fynde no sufficient 
grounde to committe hym to prison into your
Graces Towr. And for thies two or thre dayis th'affaires
(as your Maieste knoweth) be suche that we have
differred tyll the same be passed the further enserching,
with all meanes possible to trye the very effect of his
detection. In the meane tyme we have in your Maiesties
name commaunded hym to write all suche things as
he hath allredy confessed, and that can come to his
mynd. And further, that upon payne of his allegeaunce
he shal kepe his house, and commone with no
maner suspecte persone tyll we shall further declare
unto hym your graciouse pleasur. Beseching your most
noble and benigne Grace that, seen upon consyderacion
that we fynde as yet no sufficient mater agenst
hym, and that having respect aswell to your mercyfull
clemencye, as also to your Graces honor, that wold not
have hym upon a weak grounde (wherof he myght
clere hym self afterwarde) to be extremely handeled,
we have respyted his Emprisonement. It may please
<P I,125>
your Highnes not to be offended therewith, but to pardone
us as we trust your Highnes of your most gracious
disposition woll. Assuredly if we shuld have committed
hym to the Towr, howesoever the matier shuld
waye, it shuld so moch touch his honeste, and he by
the same shuld be put to such a rebuke, that he shuld
never be hable to recover it. Therefore agayn, most
humbly prostrate at your Maiesties fete, we beseche
the same to pardone us: not doubting but in the same
and all other your Highnes maters we shal not faile to
endevoyre our selfs according to our most bounden
dueties as shalbe, we hoope, to your Graces satisfaction
and contentement. Prayeng Allmyghty God to
maynteyne your Ma=ties=. prosperouse regne, honor, and
lif, to our fruition long to endure. Writen at your
Graces Cite of London, the first daye of Decembr the
xxx=th= yere of yo=r= most prosperouse and noble regne.
Your Maiesties most bounden feithfull
and humble subjects servaunts
and beadesmen

Thomas Audeley.
T. Norfolk.
Charlys Suffolk.
Thomas Crumwell.
Robt. Sussex.
E. Hertford.
W. Southampton
"To the Kings moost
Royall Maieste."

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E1 XX CORO WOLSEY>
<N LET TO KING>
<A WOLSEY THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P II,17>
[} [\LETTER XCIX.\] }]

[} [\CARDINAL WOLSEY TO KING HENRY THE EIGHTH, CHIEFLY
UPON THE DISCONTENT EXPRESSED AT THE MANNER OF SUPRESSING
THE SMALL MONASTERIES WITH WHICH HIS
COLLEGE AT OXFORD WAS TO BE ENDOWED.\] }]

   To the King's Most noble Grace, Defensor of
the Faith.
   S=r=. After my most humble & lowly recommendations,
it may like your Highness to understand that
it hath been & is much to my rejoyce & comfort, to
perceive by the relation of S=r=. Tho. More how the discourses
& communications which I have had with the
<P II,18>
Chancellor of Alanson sent from my Lady the Fr.
King's mother for treaty of peace with your Highness,
have been to your contentation & pleasure; wherein S=r=.
as in all other your affairs, I have not, ne shall pretermit
any labor, diligence, study, or travail, which may
be to the conducing of the same to such end as shall be
to your Highness honor, exaltation, & benefit. And
where it hath pleased your Highness of your excellent
goodness & gracious favour, to advertise me by the said
S=r=. Tho. More of such reports as have ben made unto
your Highness, consisting in two things, the one concerning
the office of Clerk of the Market within the
liberties of the Monastery of St. Albans, & the other
my officers in the Suppression of certain exile & small
Monasteries, wherein neither God is served, ne religion
kept, which, with your gracious ayde & assistance,
converting the same to a far better use, I purpose to
annex unto your intended College of Oxford, for the
encrease of good Letters & virtue. I most humbly
thank your Highness for that it hath pleased the
same, so like a good & gracious Master, to give unto
me knowledge & admonition therof, ascertaining your
Grace, that as to the office of Clerk of the Market
within the liberties of the said Monastery, I never was
minded either to extend or to diminish, but in such
manner to use the same as I found the said Monastery
possessed aforetime; for at your last being there, the
<P II,19>
Graunts made by your noble Progenitors, confirmed
also by the late King of famous memory, your noble
father, whose soule Jesus pardon, & also by your
Highness, were show'd unto your Councell, whereby
they evidently perceived, that neither the Marshall of
England, ne the Steward of your most hon=ble=. Household,
ne also the office of Clerk of the Markets, shall be
exercised with the said liberties, by other then the officers
of the said Monastery, as by the Graunts & Confirmations,
ready at your good pleasure to be eftsone showed,
doth right largely appear. Nevertheless, whereas the
inquest & officers there, have not justly, discreetly, &
indifferently assessed & taxed the prices of the Market,
as to right, equity, & the good commodity of your
Grace's servants hath appertayned; I who knew nothing
thereof, am not only discontented with them, for
their misdemeanor in that behalf, & shall with God's
grace, see them ordered accordingly, but also have
no small cause most humbly to thank your Highness,
whome it hath pleased to see the said prices reformed,
unto the due order & direct course. And God forbid
that I should, or suffer any man to, encroach upon any
part of your jurisdiction royall, trusting verily, in           #
consideration
of my poor service, that your Highness will
be as good a Lord to that your Monastery, as your
noble Progenitors have been, as I most humbly, on my
knees, beseech your Highness to be.
   And albeit S=r=. some folks, which be always more
<P II,20>
prone to speak evil & report the worst without knowledge
of the truth, have percase informed your Highness
of some disorder that should be used by my Commissaries
in suppressing of the said Monasteries, yet
most humbly I shall beseech your Highness, after your
noble & accustomed manner, to give no credence unto
them unto such time as your Grace may hear my declaration
in that behalf. For S=r=. Allmighty God I
take to my record, I have not meant, intended, or
gone about, ne also have willed mine Officers, to do
any thing concerning the said Suppressions, but under
such forme & manner, as is & hath largely been to the
full satisfaction, recompence, & joyous contentation of
any person which hath had, or could pretend to have
right or interest in the same, in such wise, that many
of them giving thanks & laude to God, for the good
chance succeeded unto them would for nothing, if they
might, return or be restored, & put again into their
former State, as your Highness shall abundantly &
largly perceive, at my next repair unto the same.
Verily S=r=. I would be loath to be noted, that I should
intend such a vertuous foundation for the encrease of
your Highnesses merit, profit of your subjects, the
advancement of good learning, & for the weale of my
poore soule, to be established or adquired (\ex rapinis\) .
But, God willing, shall in such wise proceed to the
perfection thereof, with prejudice or derogation of any
man's right or interest, that it shall appear to all the
<P II,21>
world, that I am minded to sett forth that act sincerely,
purely, & without injury, wrong, or damage to any
person. Howbeit, S=r=. I account myself most bounden
unto your Highness, in that it hath pleased the same
so favourably & benignly to advertise me, of the reports
contrived in that behalf, which I trust in such
wise to avoyd, that your Highness shall not only be
therwith contented, but also they shall peradventure be
the more circumspect, to make any such like reports
hereafter.
   Finally, S=r=, I send herewith unto your Highness, a
Copy of certain Articles & Clauses excerpted & taken
out of the Popes Letters now sent unto his Oratour
here resident, declaring in what terms he doth stand
with the French King, alledging that he hath nothing
done, nor intendeth to do, to the prejudice of your
Highness & the Emperour. And albeit his Holynesses
demeanor in that behalf, is not so laudable, ne of
such sort, as I would it were, yet it is not so evill as
it hath ben bruted & reported, trusting that after the
arrivall of my last Letters, wherein I have ben rounde
& plain, his said Holyness shall alter his copie, & percase
shew himself according to such expectation as
your Highness & I have had of him. And thus Jesus
preserve your most noble & royall estate. At my
Howse besides Westminster y=e= 5=th=. day of Febr. by 
your

most humble Chapleyn,
T. Card=lis=. Ebor.

<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q E1 XX CORO HENRY>
<N LET TO SURREY>
<A HENRY VIII>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,236>
[} [\LETTER LXXXIII.\] }]

[} [\KING HENRY THE EIGHTH TO THE EARL OF SURREY.\] }]

   Henry R. By the King.
   Right trusty and right welbiloved Cousin we grete
you wel; and have receyved your Lettres bearing
date the iij=de=. and iiij=th=. dayes of this instant moneth,
the first mencyonyng the siege laide by the Duke of
Albany unto the Castel of Werke with the assaulte
geven unto the same, and the valiant defence therof
by Sir William Lisle capitain of that place; and how,
upon knowledge geven to the said Duke that ye with
our hole armye was coming to the rescue, he shamefully
and cowardly removed his siege and fled, but to
what place ye then knewe not. By the ij=de=. Lettre apperith
upon the reaporte of the Priores of Calstreme
howe that on Tuesday at nyght last past about mydnyzt
the said Duke being then at Eccles informed
that our armye passed the Ryver after hym, removed
from thens, toke his ordenance away, and is clerely
departed; the truthe wherof ye doubted not to be advertised
from diverse wayes by the next daye: at
whiche tyme uppon the more knowledge had, ye wolde
assemble al the noble men to divise and determyne
what ye and they sholde further do, desiring that after
<P I,237>
the Duks army skaled, we in consideration of your
desease and seknes wolde discharge you, geving you
licence to retourne: and thinking the lord Dacres
aswel for his strenght as experience in those parties
most mete to take the charge of offyce of wardyn til
suche tyme as that we shal appoint som other therunto;
and finally requiryng that bothe money and
our lettres of Thanks may be sent, as in the said lettres
is conteyned more at large. As herunto we signifie
unto you, like as thancked be almyzty God, thise 
newes be right good, comfortable, and honorable unto
us and this our Realme; so they be and shalbe unto
the said Duke of Albany's perpetual reproche, shame,
and losse of reputacion bothe in Fraunce, Scotland,
and elliswhere, and to the no little abashement and
discorage of the Frenche King, besids the alienation
percase of the mynds of the Lords of Scotland more
facily then afore from the faction of France unto our
devotion. And for the grete travaile, labor, studie,
payn, and diligence by you with al effect right actively,
valiauntly, and with perfite corage, discrecion,
and good conduyte taken and used by many substancial,
discrete, and politique wayes for resistence of the
said Duke of Albany, with deliberation and intent to
have geven hym bataile in cace he durst have abyden
the same we geve unto you our most cordial and
herty thanks; assuring you that amongst many your
high and notable service done unto us, we shal have
<P I,238>
this in our contynual and perfite remembrance to your
weale, exaltation, honor, and profite as your merits
and deserts condignely and worthely do requyre.
Praying you also to geve on our behalf special thanks
unto all the lords, capitains, and other whiche to their
grete payn and travaile have right towardly, benivolently,
and conformably served us under you in this
Jorney, for whose more corage and comforte, we at
this tyme sende suche lettres of thanks as ye desire.
   Over this we having tendre respect unto your helthe
and comfort, have resolved and determyned that upon
advertisement receyved from you of skaling of the
said duks armye, and aunswer therupon geven unto
you, with ordre for establishing of suche garnisons and
other direction to be taken there as for the suretie and
weale of that countrey shalbe thought expedient, ye
shal then have our Lettres of discharge of your office
there and retorne unto us accordingly; being myndyd
according to your advice and opynyon that our right
trusty counsaillor the Lorde Dacres whom we thinke
most mete and able therfor, shal exercise also th'office
of Wardeyn of our Est and Myddel Marches for a
season, to whom we shall then with our lettres sende
sufficient commyssion accordingly. Having no doubte
but that by suche direction as our most entierly
welbeloved counsaillour the Lord Legate Cardinal
Archebisshop of Yorke and our Chauncelor hathe
<P I,239>
advertised you, ye be before this tyme sufficiently furnished
of money for defraying of that our Armye as
shal appertayn. Yeven under our Signet at our manor
of Woodstok the xij=th=. day of November.

To our right trusty and right
welbeloved Cousin and Counsaillor th'Erle of
Surrey our Treasorer and Admiralle of England.

<Q E1 XX CORO HENRY>
<N LET TO CITIZENS>
<A HENRY VIII>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,239>
[} [\LETTER LXXXIV.\] }]

[} [\KING HENRY THE EIGHTH TO THE CITIZENS OF LONDON, ON
THEIR NEGLECTING TO PROVIDE HORSES FOR THE CARRIAGE
OF HIS WINES AND PROVISIONS.\] }]

   Henry R.
   Trusty and welbiloved we grete you wele. Signifieng
unto you it is shewed unto us that albeit our
welbiloved servant Edward Vaux, oon of the purveyors
of our wynes, hath been with you sundry tymes in our
name to cause provision to be made for cariage of our
wynes from that our Citie of London, for th'expenses
of our Household, into these parties: yet neverthelesse
ye have litle regarded the said provision, as it
is sayed, whereby we be destitute of suche wynes as
we wold have here: of the which your demeanur
herin we cannot a litle mervaile: wherfor we advertise
you of the same, willing and commaunding you that
<P I,240>
whansoever any our Surveyors either for Wynes or
other stuf, from hensforth, shall reasorte unto you in
our name for provision of cariage of the same hither
or elliswhere where it shall fortune us to be, ye will
effectually endevoir yourself for the qwyk expedicion
therof, without any failing as ye entende to please us.
Yeven under our Signet at our Monasterie of Abendon
the xj=th=. day of Aprill.

<Q E1 XX CORO BEDYLL>
<N LET TO CROMWELL>
<A BEDYLL THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,76>
[} [\LETTER CXXVIII.\] }]

[} [\THOMAS BEDYLL TO LORD CROMWELL, RESPECTING THE
MONKS OF THE CHARTER HOUSE AT LONDON. A. D. 1537.\] }]

   My very good Lord, after my moost hertie
commendations it shall please yo=r= Lordship to understand
that the monks of the Charterhouse here at London,
whiche wer committed to Newgate for thair traitorus
behavor long tyme continued against the Kings Grace,
be almoost dispeched by th'and of God; as it may apper
to you by this byll inclosed. Wherof considering
<P I,77>
thair behavor and the hole mater, I am not sory, but
wold that al suche as love not the Kings Highnes and
his wordly honor wer in like caas. My Lord (as ye
may) I desir you in the wey of charite, and none other
wise, to be good lord to the Prior of the said Charterhouse,
which is as honest a man as ever was in that
habite (or els I am much deceyved), and is one whiche
never offended the Kings grace by disobedience of
his Lawes, but hath labored very sore continually
for the reformation of his brethern, and now at the
last, at myn exhortation and instigation, constantly
moved and finally persuaded his brethern to surrender
thair house, lands, and goods, into the Kings hands,
and to trust only to his mercy and grace. I beseche
you, my Lord that the said Prior may be so entreated
by your help, that he be not sory, and repent that
he hath fered and folowed your sore words and my
gentil exhortation made unto him to surrender his
said house; and think that he myght have kept the
same, if yo=r= Lordshyp and I had not led him to the
said surrender. But suerly (I beleve) that I knowe
the man so well that how soever he be order he wolbe
contented without grudge. He is a man of suche
charite as I have not seen the like. As towching the
house of the Charterhouse I pray Good if it shall
please the King to alter it, that it may be turned into
a better use (seing it is in the face of the world) and
<P I,78>
muche communication wol run thereof throughout this
realme; for London is the common countrey of al England,
from which is derived to al parts of this realme
al good and yll occurrent here. From London the
xiiij=th=. day of Juny.

By yo=r= Lordships at
commaundement
Thomas Bedyll

(^Ther be departed.^)
Brother William Greenewode.
Dane John Davye.
Brother Robert Salt.
Brother Water Peereson.
Dane Thomas Greene.
(^Ther be even the poynt of dethe.^)
Brother Thomas Scryven.
Brother Thomas Reedyng.
(^Ther be sycke.^)
Dane Thomas Jonson.
Brother William Hore.
(^One is hole.^)
Dane Bird.

<Q E1 XX CORO CROMWELL>
<N LET TO CHESTER>
<A CROMWELL THOMAS>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,100>
[} [\LETTER CXXXVII.\] }]

[} [\THOMAS LORD CROMWELL TO THE EARL OF CHESTER, FOR THE
EXTIRPATION OF GIPSIES.\] }]

<P I,101>
   After my right hartie commendations. Whereas
the Kings Maiestie, about a twelfmoneth past, gave a
pardonne to a company of lewde personnes within this
realme calling themselves Gipcyans, for a most shamfull
and detestable murder commytted amongs them,
with a speceall proviso inserted by their owne consents,
that onles they shuld all avoyde this his Graces
realme by a certeyn daye sythens expired, yt
<P I,102>
shuld be lawfull to all his Graces offycers to hang
them in all places of his realme, where they myght
be apprehended, without any further examynacion or
tryal after forme of the lawe, as in their letter patents
of the said pardon is expressed. His Grace, hering
tell that they doo yet lynger here within his realme,
not avoyding the same according to his commaundement
and their owne promes, and that albeit his poore
subjectes be dayly spoyled, robbed, and deceyved by
them, yet his Highnes officers and Ministres lytle regarding
their dieuties towards his Majestye, do permyt
them to lynger and loyter in all partys, and to exercise
all their falshods, felonyes, and treasons unpunished,
hathe commaunded me to sygnifye unto youe,
and the Shires next adjoynyng, whether any of the sayd
personnes calling themselfes Egipcyans, or that hathe
heretofore called themselfes Egipcyans, shall fortune to
enter or travayle in the same. And in cace youe shall
here or knowe of any suche, be they men or women,
that ye shall compell them to depart to the next porte
of the See to the place where they shalbe taken, and
eyther wythout delaye uppon the first wynde that may
conveye them into any parte of beyond the Sees, to
take shipping and to passe in to owtward partyes, or
if they shall in any wise breke that commaundement,
without any tract to see them executed according to
the Kings Hieghnes sayd Lettres patents remaynyng
of Recorde in his Chauncery which, with these, shalbe
<P I,103>
your discharge in that behaulf: not fayling t'accomplishe
the tenor hereof with all effect and diligence,
without sparing uppon any Commyssion, Licence, or
Placarde that they may shewe or aledge for themselfes
to the contrary, as ye tender his Graces pleasor which
also ys that youe shall gyve notyce to all the Justices
of Peax in that Countye where youe resyde, and
the Shires adjoynant, that they may accomplishe the
tenor hereof accordingly. Thus fare ye hertely wel;
From the Neate the v=th=. day of December the xxix=th=
yer of his Ma=ties= most noble Regne

Yo=r= louyng ffreend
Thomas Crumwell.

To my verye good Lorde my Lorde
of Chestre President of the Marches
of Wales.

<Q E1 XX CORO MOREWOL>
<N LET TO WOLSEY>
<A MORE THOMAS>
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<T LET NON-PRIV>
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<F X>
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<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,203>
[} [\LETTER LXXII.\] }]

[} [\SIR THOMAS MORE TO CARDINAL WOLSEY.\] }]

   Hit may lyke your good Grace to be advertised
that I have received your Graces Lettres directed to
my selfe dated the last day of Auguste, with the Lettres
of my Lord Admirall to your Grace, sent in Post, and
copies of Lettres sent bytwene the Quene of Scotts and
his Lordshipp concernyng the maters and affeires of
Scotland, with the prudent Answeris of your Grace as
well to my said Lord in your awne name, as in the
name of the Kings Highnes to the said Quene of
Scotts. All which Lettres and copies I have distinctely
redde unto his Grace, who hath in the reding
therof substancially considered as well the Quene his
sisters Lettre with the Lettres agaynward devised and
sent by my lord Admirall to her, and his Lettres of
advertisement to your Grace, as your moost politique
devises and answeres un to all the same; among which
the lettre which your Grace devised in the name of his
Highnes to the Quene his sister, his Grace so well
lyked that I never saw hym lyke thing bettre; and as
helpe me God in my pore fantasie, not causeles, for
hit is for the quantite one of the best made Lettres
<P I,204>
for wordis, mater, sentence, and cowching that ever I
redde in my life.
   His Highnes, in your Graces Lettre directed to my
lord Admirall, marked and well lyked that your Grace
towched my said Lord and my Lord Dacres, in that
that theire opinions had bene to the lett of the great
Roode which if hit had bene ere this tyme made in to
Scotland, as by your prudent advice hit had if theyre
opinions with other had not bene to the contrarie, hit
shold, as by the Quenes Lettre appereth, have bene
th'occasion of some great and good effecte.
   His Highnes also well allowed that your Grace
noteth not onely remisse dealing, but also some suspitione
in that the Lord Dacre so litle estemede the
mynde and opinion of the Kings sister, wherof he had
by his servant so perfait knowledge.
   Finally his Highnes is of the mynde of your Grace,
and singularly commendeth your policie in that your
Grace determineth for a finall way that my Lord Admirall
shall sett forth his entreprises without eny longer
tracte of tyme, not ceacing to preace theym with all the
annoyance possible till they fall ernestly and effectually
to some bettre trayne and conformitie. And veryly
his Highnes thinketh as your Grace writeth, that for
eny lakke of those things which as he wryteth are not
yet cummen to hym, he shold not have neded to
forbore to have done theym with smaller Roods, at the
lest way some annoyauns in the meane season.
<P I,205>
   I redde also to his Highnes the Lettre of M=r=. Doctor
Knyght, written un to your Grace, with your Grace's
Lettres written to my selfe, by the tenor wherof his
Grace well perceiveth your moost prudent answere devised
and made as well to his said embassiator as to
thembassiator of themperor, concernyng the disbursyng
of such money as his Highnes shold lay owte for
th'entretenement of the x=M=. lance knights, wherin his
Grace highly well approveth, as well your moost politique
foresight, so wisely dowting leste this delay of the
declaration myght happen to be a device whereby th'emperor
myght spare his awne charge and entreteign
th'almaigness with th'only coste of the Kings Grace, as
also your moost prudent ordre taken therin, by which
his Highnes shalbe bounden to no charge excepte the
Duke first passe the Articles sent by Sir John Russll,
and that the x=M=. almaynes be levied and joyned with
the Duke and he declared enemy to the French King.
   I red also to his Highnes the copie of your Graces
Lettres devised to M. Doctor Sampson and M. Jernyngham,
wherin his Highnes well perceived and
marked what labor and payn your Grace had taken
as well in substantiall advertising his said embassiators
at length of all occurraunts here, with the goodly rehersall
of the valiaunt acquitall of his army on the See
not onely there done, but also descending on the land
with all the preparations and armyes sett forth and
furnyshed as well toward France as Scotland, as also
<P I,206>
in your good and substantiall instructions geven un to
theym for the semblable advauncyng of th'emperors
Army and actuall invasion to be made on that side for
his part.
   His Highnes hath also seen and signed the Lettres
by your Grace devised in his name, as well to Don
Ferdinando and to the Duke of Mechelberge in answere
of their late lettres sent un to his Grace, as also to
the Duke of Ferrare in commendation of the Kings
Orators in case the Duke accepte the Ordre.
   In the reding and advising of all which things, his
Highnes saied that he perceived well what labor, studie,
payn, and travaile your Grace had taken in the
device and pennyng of so many, so greate things, so
high well dispached in so brief tyme, whan the onely
redyng therof held hym above twoo howres. His
Highnes therfore commaunded me to write un to your
Grace that, for your labor, travaile, study, paine, and
diligens he geveth your Grace his moost harty, and not
more harty than highly well-deserved thanks. And
thus our Lord long preserve your good Grace in honor
and helth. At Okyng the first day of Septembre.

Your humble Orator and moost
bouden beedman
Thomas More.

<P I,208>
[} [\LETTER LXXIV.\] }]

[} [\SIR THOMAS MORE TO CARDINAL WOLSEY.\] }]

   Hit may like your good Grace to be advertised
that I have this nyght, after that the Kings Grace had
souped, presented and distinctely redde un to his Highnes
as well your Grace's Lettre dated xxj=th= day of
this present Septembre addressed un to my selfe, as
the iiij. lettres of the Quene of Scotts, directed twayne
to the Kings Grace, and thother twayn to my Lord of
Surrey; and also the twoo lettres by your good Grace
in the Kings name moost politiquely devised un to the
said Quene of Scotts. For which your labour, payne,
traveil, diligence, and study therin used, his Grace
geveth unto Yours his moost affectuouse thankis. And
<P I,209>
for as mych as in the reding of my Lord of Surrey's
Lettre directed un to your Grace, the King noted that
my said Lord had all redy wrytten un to the Quene of
Scotts answer un to both her said Lettres: his Grace
requyreth Yours that it may lyke you to send hym
the copies which his lettre specifieth to have sent un
to your Grace.
   His Grace also thinketh hit right good that the
Humes and Duglas be received upon convenient hostages;
and that as well the Chauncellor as the other
Lords mencioned in the Quenes lettre shold be attempted
by promessis, gifts, and good policie to be
wonne from the Duke and his faction.
   And for as mych as his Grace mych desireth in
these things to be advertised of your moost politique
advice and counsaile, which he thinketh your Grace
entendeth to declare by way of instructions to be gevyn
un to my said Lord of Surrey, his Highnes therfore
hartely requyreth your Grace that it may lyke the
same to send to hym the said instructions, that his
Grace may by the same be lerned of your Grace's
prudent advise and counsaile in the premissis.
   His Highnes thinketh hit very necessary not onely
that my lord of Surrey were in all possible haste advertised
of the declaration of the Duke of Burbon, but
also that the same were insert within the lettre which
the Quene of Scottes shall shew to the Lordis, with
good exaggeration of the tyranny for which he renounceth
<P I,210>
the French King; and of the harme and
ruyne that is lykely to fall to Fraunce therby.
   His Highnes also requyreth your Grace to paise
and considre the clawse of the Queny's lettre by which
she desireth with her trustie servants to be received in
to his realme, and how your high wisedome thinketh
good that mater to be ordered or answered. And to
th'entent in all these things your Grace may the more
conveniently send hym your moost prudent advise, he
hath commaunded me, with these presents, to remitt
all the said wrytings un to your good Grace, to be by
your good Grace agayne sent un to his Highnes with
your moost politique counsaile theruppon. And thus
our Lord long preserve your good Grace in honor and
helth. Wrytten at Woodstok the xxij=th=. day of Septembre
at mydnyght.

Your humble orator and moost
bounden beedman
Thomas More.
To my Lord Legates
good Grace.



<B CEOTEST1>
<Q E1 XX BIBLE TYNDOLD>
<N OLD TEST TYND>
<A TYNDALE WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
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<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE OLD TESTAMENT.
WILLIAM TYNDALE'S FIVE BOOKS OF MOSES
CALLED THE PENTATEUCH, BEING A VERBATIM
REPRINT OF THE EDITION OF M.CCCCC.XXX.
COMPS. J. I. MOMBERT AND F. F. BRUCE.
FONTWELL AND SUSSEX: CENTAUR PRESS LTD.,
1967.
GENESIS, I.1    - III.24      (SAMPLE 1)
GENESIS, VI.1   - IX.29       (SAMPLE 2)
GENESIS, XII.1  - XIV.20      (SAMPLE 3)
GENESIS, XXII.1 - XXII.19     (SAMPLE 4)
NUMBERS, XIII.1 - XIV.45      (SAMPLE 5)
NUMBERS, XVI.1  - XVII.13     (SAMPLE 6)^]

[^THE VERSE NUMBER REFERENCES FOLLOW
THOSE OF THE AUTHORIZED VERSION. 

IN THE PAGE CODES THE LETTER G STANDS FOR GENESIS, 
AND N FOR NUMBERS:    I,1G - GENESIS, I, 1; 
                   XIII,1N - NUMBERS, XIII, 1^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,1G>
[}THE FYRST BOKE 
OF MOSES CALLED GENESIS}]
[}THE FYRST CHAPITER.}]

   In the begynnynge God created
heaven and erth. The erth was
voyde and emptie, a~d darcknesse
was vpon the depe, and
the spirite of god moved vpon the water
   Than God sayd: let there be lyghte and
there was lyghte. And God sawe the 
lyghte that it was good: & devyded
the lyghte from the darcknesse, and
called the lyghte daye, and the darcknesse
nyghte: and so of the evenynge and
mornynge was made the fyrst daye
   And God sayd: let there be a fyrmament betwene
the waters, a~d let it devyde the waters a sonder. Than
God made the fyrmament and parted the waters which
were vnder the fyrmament, from the waters that were
above the fyrmament: And it was so. And God called
the fyrmament heaven, And so of the evenynge and
morninge was made the seconde daye
   And God sayd, let the waters that are vnder heaven
gether them selves vnto one place, that the drye londe
may appere: And it came so to passe. And god called
the drye lande the erth and the gatheringe togyther
of waters called he the see, And God sawe that it was 
good
   And God sayd: let the erth bringe forth herbe
and grasse that sowe seed, and frutefull trees that bere
frute every one in his kynde, havynge their seed in
them selves vpon the erth. And it came so to passe:
a~d the erth brought forth herbe and grasse sowenge
seed every one in his kynde & trees berynge frute &
havynge their seed in the~ selves, every one in his kynde.
And God sawe that it was good: and the~ of the evenynge
and mornynge was made the thyrde daye.
   Than sayd God: let there be lyghtes in y=e= firmament
of heaven to devyde the daye fro~ the nyghte, that they
may be vnto sygnes, seasons, days & yeares. And let
them be lyghtes in the fyrmament of heave~, to shyne
vpon the erth. & so it was. And God made two great
lyghtes A greater lyghte to rule the daye, & a lesse
lyghte to rule the nyghte, and he made sterres also. And
God put them in the fyrmament of heaven to shyne
vpon the erth, and to rule the daye & the nyghte,
a~d to devyde the lyghte from darcknesse. And God
sawe y=t= it was good: and so of the evenynge a~d mornynge
was made the fourth daye.
<P I,20G>
   And God sayd, let the water bryng forth creatures
that move & have lyfe, & foules for to flee over the 
erth vnder the fyrmament of heaven.
And God created
greate whalles and all maner of creatures that lyve
and moue, which the waters brought forth in their
kindes, a~d all maner of federed foules in their kyndes.
And God sawe that it was good: and God
blessed them saynge. Growe and multiplye a~d fyll the
waters of the sees, & let the foules multiplye vpo~ the
erth. And so of the evenynge & morninge was made
the fyfth daye.
   And God sayd: let the erth bring forth lyvynge
creatures in thir kyndes: catell & wormes & beastes
of the erth in their kyndes, & so it came to passe. And
god made the beastes of the erth in their kyndes, &
catell in their kyndes, a~d all maner wormes of the erth
in their kyndes: and God sawe that it was good.
   And God sayd: let vs make man in oure symilitude
a~ after oure lycknesse: that he may have rule over
the fysh of the see, and over the foules of the ayre,
and over catell, and over all the erth, and over all
wormes that crepe on the erth. And God created man
after hys lycknesse, after the lycknesse of god created
he him: male & female he them.
   And God blessed them, and God sayd vnto them.
Growe and multiplye and fyll the erth and subdue it,
and have domynyon over the fysh of the see, and over
the foules of the ayre, and over all the beastes that
move on the erth.
   And God sayd: se, I have geven yow all herbes that
sowe seed which are on all the erth, and all maner
trees that haue frute in them and sowe seed: to be
meate for yow & for all beastes of the erth, and
vnto all foules of the ayre, and vnto all that crepeth
on the erth where in is lyfe, that they may haue all
maner herbes and grasse for to eate, and even so it
was.
And God behelde all that he had made, a~d loo
they were exceadynge good: and so of the evenynge
and mornynge was made the syxth daye

<P II,1G>
[}THE SECONDE CHAPTER.}]

   Thus was heave~ & erth fynished
wyth all their apparell: a~d i~ y=e=
seue~th daye god ended hys
worke which he had made &
rested in y=e= seventh daye fro~ all his workes
which he had made. And God blessed y=e=
seventh daye, and sanctyfyed it, for in it
he rested from all his workes which he
had created and made.
   These are the generations of heaven
& erth when they were created, in the
tyme when the Lorde God created heaven
and erth and all the shrubbes of the felde
be fore they were in the erthe. And all
the herbes of the felde before they sprange:
for the Lorde God had yet sent no rayne
vpon the erth, nether was there yet any
man to tylle the erth. But there arose a
myste out of the ground and watered all the face of
the erth: Then the Lorde God shope
man, even of the moulde of the erth and
brethed into his face the breth of lyfe. So man was
made a lyvynge soule.
   The Lorde God also planted a garden in Eden
from the begynnynge, and there he sette man
whom he had formed. And the Lorde God made to
sprynge out of the erth, all maner trees bewtyfull to
the syghte and pleasant to eate, and the tree of lyfe
in the middes of the garden: and also the tree of
knowledge of good and euell.
   And there spronge a rever out of Eden to water the
garden, and thence devided it selfe, and grewe in to
foure principall waters.
The name of the one is Phison,
he it is that compasseth all the lande of heuila, where
gold groweth. And the gold of that contre ys precious,
there is found bedellion and a stone called Onix. The
name of the seconde ryver is Gihon, which compassyth
all the lande of Inde. And the name of the thyrde
river is Hidekell, which runneth on the easte syde of
the assyryans. And the fourth river is Euphrates.
   And the Lorde God toke Adam and put him in
the garden of Eden, to dresse it and to kepe it: and
the Lorde God co~maunded Ada~ saynge: of all the
trees of the garde~ se thou eate. But of the tre of
knowlege of good and badd se that thou eate not:
for even y=e= same daye thou eatest of it, thou shalt
surely dye.
   And the Lorde God sayd: it is not good that
man shulde be alone, I will make hym an helper to
beare him company: And after y=t= the Lorde God had
make of the erth all maner beastes of the felde, and all
maner foules of the ayre, he brought them vnto Adam
to see what he wold call them. And as Ada~ called
all maner livynge beastes: eve~ so are their names.
<P II,20G>
   And Adam gave names vnto all maner catell, and
vnto the foules of the ayre, and vnto all maner beastes
of the felde. But there was no helpe founde vnto Adam
to beare him companye
   Then the Lorde God cast a slomber on Adam, and
he slepte. And then he toke out one of his rybbes, 
and in stede ther of he fylled vp the place with flesh.
And the Lorde God made of the rybbe which he toke
our of Adam, a woma~ and brought her vnto Adam.
Then sayd Ada~ this is once bone of my
boones, and flesh of my flesh. This shall
be called woman: because she was take of the man.
For this cause shall a man leve father and mother &
cleve vnto his wyfe, & they shall be one flesh. And
they were ether of them naked, both Adam and hys
wyfe, a~d were not ashamed:

<P III,1G>
[}THE .III. CHAPTER}]

   But the serpent was sotyller than
all the beastes of the felde
which y=e= Lorde God had
made, and sayd vnto the woman.
Ah syr, that God hath sayd, ye
shall not eate of all maner trees in the
garden. And the woman sayd vnto the
serpent, of the frute of the trees in the garden
we may eate, but of the frute of the
tree y=t= is in the myddes of the garden
(sayd God) se that ye eate not, and se that ye touch
it not: lest ye dye.
   Then sayd the serpent vnto the woman:
tush ye shall not dye: But God doth knowe, that
whensoever ye shulde eate of it, youre eyes shuld be
opened and ye shulde be as, God and knowe both good
and evell. And the woman sawe that it was a good
tree to eate of and lustie unto the eyes and
a pleasant tre for to make wyse. And
toke of the frute of it and ate, and gaue vnto hir husband 
also with her, and he ate. And the eyes of both
of them were opened, that they vnderstode how that
they were naked. Than they sowed fygge leves togedder
and made them apurns.
   And they herd the voyce of the Lorde God as
he walked in the garde~ in the coole of the daye.
And Adam hyd hymselfe and his wyfe also from the
face of the Lorde God, amonge the trees of the
garden. And the Lorde God called Adam and sayd
vnto him where art thou? And he answered. Thy
voyce I harde in the garden, but I was afrayd because
I was naked, and therfore hyd myselfe.
And he sayd:
who told the that thou wast naked? hast thou eaten
of the tree, of which I bade the that thou shuldest not
eate? And Adam answered. The woman which thou
gavest to bere me company she toke me of the tree, a~d
I ate. And the Lorde God sayd vnto the woman:
wherfore didest thou so? And the woman answered,
the serpent deceaved me and I ate.
   And the Lorde God sayd vnto the serpe~t
because thou haste so done moste cursed be thou of
all catell and of all beastes of the feld: vppo~ thy
bely shalt thou goo: and erth shalt thou eate all dayes
of thy lyfe. Morover I will put hatred betwene the
and the woman, and betwene thy seed and hyr seed.
And that seed shall tread the on the heed, a~d thou
shalt tread hit on the hele.
   And vnto the woman he sayd: I will suerly encrease
thy sorow a~d make the oft with child, and with payne
shalt thou be deleverd: And thy lustes shall pertayne
vnto thy husbond and he shall rule the.
   And vnto Ada~ he sayd: for as moch as thou hast
obeyed the voyce of thy wyfe, and hast eaten of the
tree of which I commaunded the saynge: se thou eate
not therof: cursed be the erth for thy sake. In sorow
shalt thou eate therof all dayes of thy life, And
it shall beare thornes a~d thystels vnto the. And thou
shalt eate the herbes of y=e= feld: In the swete of thy
face shalt thou eate brede, vntill thou returne vnto the
erth whe~ce thou wast take~: for erth thou art, a~d vnto
erth shalt thou returne.
<P III,20G>
   And Adam called his wyfe Heua, because she was
the mother of all that lyveth
And the Lorde God
made Adam and hys wyfe garmentes of skynnes, and
put them on them. And the Lorde God sayd: loo,
Adam is become as it were one of vs, in knowlege of
good and evell. But now lest he strech forth his hand
and take also of the tree of lyfe and eate and
lyve ever.
   And the Lorde God cast him out of the garden of
Eden, to tylle the erth whe~ce he was taken. And he
cast Ada~ out, and sette at y=e= enteringe of the garden
Eden, Cherubin with a naked swerde 
movinge in and out, to kepe the way to the tree
of lyfe. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P VI,1G>
[}THE .VI. CHAPTER.}]

   And it came to passe wha~ men
bega~ to multiplye apo~ the erth
a~d had begot them doughters,
the sonnes of God sawe the
doughters of men that they were fayre,
and toke vnto them wyves, which they
best liked amo~ge the~ all. And the Lord sayd: My
spirite shall not all waye stryve withe man, for they are
flesh. Nevertheles I wyll geue them yet space, and
hundred and .xx. yeres   
   There were tirantes in the world in thos dayes.
For after that the children of God had gone in vnto
the doughters of men and had begotten them childern,
the same childern were the mightiest of the world and
men of renowne. 
And whan the Lorde sawe y=t= the wekednesse of man
was encreased apon the erth, and that all the ymaginacion
and toughtes of his hert was
only evell continually, he repented that
he had made man apon the erth and
sorowed in his hert. And sayd: I wyll destroy mankynde
which I haue made, fro~ of the face of the erth:
both man, beast, worme and foule of the ayre, for it
repe~teth me that I haue made them. But yet Noe
found grace in the syghte of the Lorde.
   These are the generatio~s of Noe. Noe was a
righteous man and vncorrupte in his tyme, &
walked wyth god. And Noe begat .iii. sonnes: Sem,
Ham and Iapheth.
And the erth was corrupte in the
syghte of god, and was full of mischefe. And God
loked vpon the erth, a~d loo it was corrupte: for all
flesh had corrupte his way vppon the erth.
   Than sayd God to Noe: the end of all flesh is come
before me, for the erth is full of there myschefe. And
loo, I wyll destroy them with the erth. Make the
an arcke of pyne tree, and make chaumbers in the 
arcke, and pytch it wythin and wythout wyth pytch.
And of this facion shalt thou make it.
   The lenth of the arcke shall be .iii. hundred cubytes,
a~d the bredth of it .L. cubytes, and the heyth of it
xxx. cubytes. A wyndow shalt thou make aboue in
the arcke. And wythin a cubyte compasse shalt thou
finysh it. And the dore of the arcke shalt thou sette
in y=e= syde of it: and thou shalt make it with .iii. loftes
one aboue an other. For behold I will bringe in a
floud of water apon the erth to destroy all flesh from
vnder heaven, wherin breth of life is so that all that
is in the erth shall perish. But I will make myne
apoyntement with the, that both thou
shalt come in to y=e= arcke and thy sonnes,
thy wyfe and thy sonnes wyves with the.
   And of all that lyveth what soever flesh it be,
shalt thou brynge in to the arcke, of every thynge
a payre, to kepe tham a lyve wyth the. And male
and female se that they be, 
<P VI,20G>
of byrdes in their kynde,
and of beastes in their kynde, and of all maner of
wormes of the erth in their kinde: a payre of every
thinge shall come vnto the to kepe them a lyve.
And take vnto the of all maner of meate y=t= may be
eaten & laye it vp in stoore by the, that it may be
meate both for y=e= and for the~: and Noe dyd acordynge
to all that God commaunded hym.

<P VII,1G>
[}THE .VII. CHAPTER.}]

   And the Lorde sayd vnto Noe:
goo into the arcke both thou
and all thy houssold. For the
haue I sene rightuous before
me in thys generacion. Of all clene beastes
take vnto the .vii. of every kynde the male
and hys female And of vnclene
beastes a payre, the male and hys female:
lykewyse of the byrdes of the ayre .vii. of every kynde,
male and female to save seed vppon all the erth. For
vii. days hence wyll I send rayne vppo~ the erth. .XL
dayes. & .XL. nyghtes and wyll dystroy all maner of
thynges that I haue made, from of the face of the
erth.
   And Noe dyd acordynge to all y=t= the lorde co~maunded
hym: and Noe was .vi. hundred yere olde, when
the floud of water came vppon the erth: and Noe went
and his sonnes and his wyfe and his sonnes wyves wyth
hym, in to the arke from the waters of the floud. And
of clene beastes and of beastes that ware vnclene and
of byrdes and of all that crepeth vppo~ the erth, came
in by cooples of every kynde vnto Noe in to the arke:
a male and a female: even as God commaunded Noe.
And the seventh daye the waters of the floud came
vppon the erth.
   In the .vi. hundred yere of Noes lyfe, in the seco~de
moneth, in the .xvii. daye of the moneth, y=t= same daye
were all the founteynes of the grete depe broken vp,
& the wyndowes of heave~ were opened, a~d there fell
a rayne vpon the erth .XL. dayes and .XL. nyghtes.
   And the selfe same daye went Noe, Sem, Ham and
Iapheth, Noes sonnes, and Noes wyfe and the .iii. wyves
of his sonnes wyth them in to the arke: both they and
all maner of beastes in their ki~de, & all maner of
catell in their kynde & all maner of wormes that crepe
vppon the erth in their kynde, and all maner of
byrdes in there kynde. and all maner off foules what
soever had feders. And they came vnto Noe in to the
arke by cooples, of all flesh y=t= had breth of lyfe in it.
And they that came, came male a~d female of every
flesh accordi~ge as God co~maunded hym: & y=e= Lorde
shytt the dore vppo~ him
   And the floud came .XL. dayes & .XL. nyghtes
vppon the erth, & the water increased and bare vp
the arcke a~d it was lifte up from of the erth And
the water prevayled and increased exceadingly vppon
the erth: and the arke went vppo~ the toppe of the 
waters.
   And the waters prevayled excedingly above mesure
vppo~ the erth, so that all the hye hylles which are vnder
all the partes of heaven, were covered: 
<P VII,20G>
eve~ .xv. cubytes hye prevayled the waters, so that the 
hylles were covered.
   And the fleshe that moved on the earth, bothe birdes
catell and beastes perisshed, with all that crepte on the
erth and all men: so that all that had the breth of liffe
in the nostrels of it thorow out all that was on drye
lond dyed.
   Thus was destroyed all that was vppo~ the erth, both
man, beastes, wormes and foules of the ayre: so that
they were destroyed from the erth: save Noe was
reserved only and they that were wyth hym in the
arke. And the waters prevayled vppon the erth, an
hundred and fyftye dayes.

<P VIII,1G>
[}THE .VIII. CHAPTER.}] 

   And god reme~bred Noe & all y=e=
beastes & all y=e= catell y=t= were
with hi~ in y=e= arke And god
made a wynde to blow vppo~
y=e= erth, & y=e= waters ceased: a~d y=e= fountaynes
of the depe a~d the wyndowes of heave~
were stopte and the rayne of heaven was
forbidde~, and the waters returned from of
y=e= erth a~d abated after the ende of an hundred and .L
dayes. 
   And the arke rested vppo~ the mountayns of Ararat,
the .xvii. daye of the .vii. moneth. And the waters
went away a~d decreased vntyll the .x. moneth. And
the fyrst daye of the tenth moneth, the toppes of the
mounteyns appered.
   And after the ende of .XL. dayes. Noe opened the
wyndow of the arke which he had made, a~d sent forth
a raven, which went out, ever goinge and cominge
agayne, vntyll the waters were dreyed vpp vppon the
erth
   Then sent he forth a doue from hym,
to wete whether the waters were fallen
from of the erth. And when the doue coude fynde
no restinge place for hyr fote, she returned to him
agayne vnto the arke, for the waters were vppon the 
face of all the erth. And he put out hys honde and
toke her and pulled hyr to hym in to the arke
   And he abode yet .vii. dayes mo, and sent out the
doue agayne out of the arke,
And the doue came to
hym agayne aboute eventyde, and beholde: There
was in hyr mouth a lefe of an olyve tre which she had
plucked wherby Noe perceaved that the waters were
abated vppon the erth. And he taried yet .vii. other
dayes, and sent forth the doue, which from thence
forth came no more agayne to him.
   And it came to passe, the syxte hundred and one
yere and the fyrst daye of the fyrst moneth, that the
waters were dryed vpp apon the erth. And Noe toke
off the hatches of the arke and loked: And beholde,
the face of the erth was drye. So by the .xxvii. daye
of the seconde moneth the erth was drye.
   And God spake vnto Noe saynge come out of
the arcke, both thou and thy wyfe a~d thy sonnes and
thy sonnes wyues with the. And all the beastes that
are with the whatsoever flesh it be, both foule and catell
and all manner wormes that crepe on the erth, brynge
out with the, and let them moue, growe a~d multiplye
vppon the erth. And Noe came out, a~d his sonnes
and his wyfe and his sonnes wyues with hym. And all
the beastes, and all the wormes, and all the foules,
and all that moved vppon the erth, came also out of
the arke, all of one kynde together.
<P VIII,20G>
   And Noe made an aulter vnto the Lorde, and
toke of all maner of clene beastes and all maner of
clene foules, and offred sacrifyce vppon the aulter.
And the Lorde smellyd a swete favoure and sayd in
his hert: I wyll henceforth no more curse the erth for
mannes sake, for the imagynacion of mannes hert is
evell even from the very youth of hym.
Moreouer I wyll not destroy from henceforth all that
lyveth as I haue done. Nether shall sowynge tyme
and harvest, colde, and hete, somere & wynter, daye
and nyghte ceasse, as longe as the erth endureth.

<P IX,1G>
[}THE .IX. CHAPTER.}]
  
   And God blessed Noe and his
sonnes, and sayd vnto them:
Increase and multiplye and fyll
the erth.
   The feare also and drede of yow be
vppon all beasts of the erth, and vppon
all foules of the ayre, a~d vppon all that
crepeth on the erth, and vppon all fyshes
of the see, which are geuen vnto youre
handes And all that moveth vppon the
erth havynge lyfe, shall be youre meate:
Euen as y=e= grene herbes, so geue I yow
all thynge. Only the flesh with his life
which is his bloud, se that ye eate not.
   For verely the bloude
of yow wherein youre lyves
are wyll I requyre. Eue~ of
the hande of all beastes wyll
I require it, And of the hande
of man and of the hand off
euery mannes brother, wyll I requyre the
lyfe of man: so y=t= he which shedeth mannes
bloude, shall haue hys bloud shed by man
agayne: for God made man after hys awne
lycknesse. See that ye encrease, and waxe,
and be occupyde vppon the erth, & multiplye
therein.
   Farthermore God spake vnto Noe &
to hys sonnes with hym saynge: see,
I make my bo~d wyth you
and youre seed after you, and
wyth all lyvynge thinge that is wyth you:
both foule and catell, and all maner beste of the erth
that is wyth yow, of all that commeth out of the arke
what soeuer beste of the erth it be.
   I make my bonde wyth yow, that henceforth all
flesh shall not be destroyed wyth y=e= waters of any floud,
a~d y=t= henceforth there shall not be a floud to destroy
the erth.
   And God sayd. This is the token of my bo~de
which I make betwene me and yow, a~d betwene all
lyvynge thyng that is with yow for ever: I wyll sette
my bowe in the cloudes, and it shall be a sygne of
the appoyntment made betwene me and 
the erth: So that when I brynge in cloudes
vpo~ y=e= erth, the bowe shall appere in y=e= cloudes.
   And than wyll I thynke vppon my
testament which I haue made betwene
me and yow, and all that lyveth what soeuer flesh it
be. So that henceforth there shall be no more waters
to make a floud to destroy all flesh.
   The bowe shalbe in the cloudes, and I wyll loke
vpon it, to remembre the euerlastynge testament betwene
God and all that lyveth vppon the erth, what
soeuer flesh it be. And God sayd vnto Noe: This is
the sygne of the testament which I have made betwene
me and all flesh y=t= is on the erth.
   The sonnes of Noe that came out of the arcke were:
Sem, Ham, and Iapheth. And Ham he is
the father of Canaa~. These are the .iii. sonnes of Noe,
and of these was all the world overspred.
<P IX,20G>
   And Noe beynge an husba~d man, went furth and
planted a vyneyarde
and drancke of the wyne and was
droncke, and laye vncouered in the myddest of his
te~t. And Ham the father of Canaan sawe his fathers
prevytees, & tolde his .ii. brethren that were wythout.
And Sem and Iapheth toke a mantell and put it on
both there shulders a~d went backward, a~d covered there
fathers secrets, but there faces were backward So
that they sawe not there fathers nakydnes. As soone
as Noe was awaked fro~ his wyne and wyst what his
yongest sonne had done vnto hym, he sayd: cursed be
Canaan, a~d a seruante of all seruantes be he to his
brethren. An he sayd: Blessed be the Lorde God of
Se~, and Canaan his seruante. God increase Iapheth
that he may dwelle in the tentes of Sem. And Canaan
be their seruante.
   And Noe lyved after the floude .iii. hundred and .L
yere: So that all the dayes of Noe were .IX. hundred
and .L. yere, a~d than he dyed.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P XII,1G>
[}THE .XII. CHAPTER.}]

   Then the Lorde sayd vnto
Abra~ Gett the out of thy
contre and from thy kynred,
and out of thy fathers house,
into a londe which I wyll shewe the.
And I wyll make of the a myghtie people,
and wyll blesse the, and make thy
name grete, that thou mayst be al blessinge.
And I wyll blesse the~ that blesse
the, a~d curse the~ that curse the. And
in the shall be blessed all the generations
of the erth.
   And Abram we~t as the Lorde badd
hym, and Lot went wyth him.
Abram was .LXXV. yere olde, when he
went out of Haran. And Abram toke
Sarai his wyfe a~d Lot his brothers sonne,
wyth all their goodes which they had
goten and soulles which they had begoten
in Haran. And they departed to goo in to
the la~de of Chanaan. And when they were come in
to the lande of Chanaan, Abram went furth in to
the la~de tyll he came vnto a place called Sychem,
and vnto the oke of More. And the Canaanytes
dwelled then in the lande.
   Then the Lorde apeared vnto Abram a~d sayd:
vnto thy seed wyll I geue thys la~de. And he buylded
an aultere there vnto the Lorde which apeared to
hym. Then departed he thence vnto a mountayne
that lyeth on the east syde of Bethel and pytched
hys tente: Bethel beynge on the west syde, and
Ay on the east: And he buylded there an aulter vnto
the Lorde & called on the name of y=e= Lorde.
And than Abram departed and toke his iourney
southwarde
   After thys there came a derth in the lande. And
Abram went doune in to Egipte to soiourne there, for
the derth was sore in the lande. And when he was
come nye for to entre in to Egipte, he sayd vnto
Sarai his wife. Beholde, I knowe that thou art a
fayre woman to loke apo~. It wyll come to passe
therfore whe~ the Egiptians see the, that they wyll
say: she is his wyfe. And so shall they slay me and
save the. Saye I praye the therfore that thou art
my sister, that I maye fare the better by reason of the
and that my soule maye lyue for thy sake.
   As soon as he came in to Egipte, the Egiptia~s sawe
the woman that she was very fayre. And Pharaos
lordes sawe hir also, and praysed hir vnto Pharao: So
that she was taken in to Pharaos house, which entreated
Abram well for hir sake, so that he had shepe,
oxsen a~d he asses, men seruantes, mayde serua~tes, she
asses and camels.
   But God plaged Pharao and his house wyth grete
plages, because of Sarai Abrams wyfe. Then Pharao
called Abram and sayd: why hast thou thus dealt with
me? Wherfore toldest thou me not that she was thy
wife? Why saydest thou that she was thy sister, and
causedest me to take hyr to my wyfe? But now loo,
there is the wife, take hir a~d be walkynge. 
<P XII,20G>
Pharao 
also gaue a charge vnto his men over Abram, 
to leade hym out, wyth his wyfe and all that he had.

<P XIII,1G>
[}THE .XIII. CHAPTER.}]

   Than Abram departed out of
Egipte, both he and his wyfe
and all that he had, and Lot
wyth hym vnto the 
south. Abram was very rich in catell,
syluer & gold. And he went on his iourney
fro~ the south even vnto Bethel,
a~d vnto the place where his tente was at
the fyrst tyme betwene Bethel and
Ay, and vnto the place of the aulter
which he made before. And there called Abram vpon
the name of the Lorde.
   Lot also which went wyth him had shepe, catell
and tentes: so that the londe was not abill to receaue
them that they myght dwell to gether, for the substance
of their riches was so greate, that they coude
not dwell to gether And there fell a stryfe betwene
the herdmen of Abrams catell, and the herdmen of
Lots catell. Moreouer the Cananytes and the Pherysites
dwelled at that tyme in the lande.
   Than sayd Abram vnto Lot: let there be no stryfe
I praye the betwene the and me and betwene my
hermen and thyne, for we be brethren. Ys not all
the hole lande before the? Departe I praye the fro~
my. Yf thou wylt take the lefte hande, I wyll take
the right: Or yf thou take the right hande I wyll take
the left. And Lot lyft vp his eyes and beheld all the
contre aboute Iordane, which was a plenteous contre
of water every where, before the Lorde destroyed
Sodoma and Gomorra. Even as the garden of the
Lorde, & as the lande of Egipte tyll thou come to
Zoar.
   Than Lot chose all the costes of Iordane a~d toke
hys iourney from the east. And so departed the one
brother from the other.
   Abram dwelled in the lande of Canaan. And lot
in the cytes of the playne, & tented tyll he came to
Sodome. But the men of sodome were wyked and
synned exceadyngly agenst the Lorde.
   And the Lorde sayed vnto Abram, after that Lot
was departed from hym: lyfte vp thyne eyes & loke
from y=e= place where thou art, northward, southward,
eastward and westward, for all the lande which thou
seiste wyll I gyue the & thy seed for ever.
   And I wyll make thy seed, as the dust of the erth;
so that yf a ma~ can nombre the dust of the erth, than
shall thy seed also be nombred. Aryse and walke
aboute in the lande, in the length of it a~d in the 
bredth for I wyll geue it vnto the.
   Than Abra~ toke downe hys tente, & went and
dwelled in the okegrove of Mamre which is in Ebron
and buylded there an altar to the Lorde.

<P XIV,1G>
[}THE .XIIII. CHAPTER}]

   And it chaunsed within a while,
that Amraphel kynge of Synear,
Arioch kunge of Ellasar,
Kedorlaomer kynge of Elam
and Thydeall kynge of the nations: made
warre wyth Bera kynge of Sodo~e and
with Birsa kynge of Gomorra. And wyt
he Sineab kynge of Adama,
& with Semeaber kynge of Zeboim, and
wyth the kynge of Bela Which Bela is
called Zoar. All these came together
vnto the vale of siddim which is now the 
salt see Twelve yere were they subiecte
to kinge kedorlaomer, and in the .xiii
yere rebelled.
   Therefore in the .xiiii. yere came kedorlaomer and
the kynges that were wyth hym, and smote the
Raphayms in Astarath Karnaim, and the Susims in
Ham, a~d the Emyms in Sabe Kariathaim, and the
Horyms in their awne mounte Seir vnto the playne
of Pharan, which bordreth vpon the wyldernesse. And
then turned they and came to the well of iugmente
which is Cades, and smote all the contre of the Amalechites,
and also the amorytes that dwell in Hazezon
Thamar.
   Than went out the kynge of Sodome, and the
kynge of Gomorra, and the kynge of Adama and the
kynge of Zeboijm, and the kynge of Bela now called
Zoar. And sette their men in aray to fyghte wyth
them in the vale of siddim, that is to say, wyth
kedorlaomer the kynge of Elam and with Thydeall
kynge of the Nations, and wyth Amraphel kynge of
Synear. And with Arioch kynge of Ellasar: foure
kynges agenste v. And that vale of siddim was full of 
slyme pyttes.
   And the kynges of Sodome and Gomorra fled,
and fell there. And the resydue fled to the mountaynes.
And they toke all the goodes of Sodome
and Gomorra and all their vitalles, a~d went
their waye. And they toke Lot also Abrams brothers
sonne and his good (for he dwelled at Sodome) and
departed
   Than came one that had escaped, and tolde Abram
the hebrue which dwelt in the okegrove of Mamre the
Amoryte brother of Eschol and Aner: which were
confederate wyth Abram. When Abram herde that
his brother was taken, he harnessed his
seruantes borne in his owne house .iii
hundred & .xviii. a~d folowed tyll they came at Dan.
And sette hymselfe a~d his seruantes in aray, & fell
vpon them by nyght, & smote them, & chased them
awaye vnto Hoba: which lyeth on the lefte hande of
Damascos, and broughte agayne all the goodes & also
his brother Lot, a~d his goodes, the weme~ also and
the people.
   And as he retourned agayne from the slaughter of
kedorlaomer and of the kynges that were with hym,
than came the kynge of Sodome agaynst hym vnto
the vale of Saue which now is called kynges dale.
   Than Melchisedech kinge of Salem brought forth
breed and wyne. And he beynge the prest of the
most hyghest God, blessed hym saynge. Blessed be
Abram vnto the most hyghest God, possessor of heaven
and erth. 
<P XIV,20G>
And blessed be God the most hyghest,
which hath delyvered thyne enimies in to thy handes.
And Abra~ gaue hym tythes of all.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P XXII,1G>
[}THE .XXII. CHAPTER.}]

   After these dedes, God dyd
proue Abraham & sayde vnto
him: Abraham. And he answered:
here am I. And he
sayde: take thy only sonne Isaac whome
thou louest, & get the vnto the lande of
Moria, and sacrifyce him there for a sacrifyce
vpon one of the mountayns which I
will shewe the Than Abraham rose vp
early in the mornynge and sadled his
asse, and toke two of his meyny wyth him, and Isaac
his sonne: a~d clove wod for the sacrifyce, and rose vp
and gott him to the place which God had appoynted
him. The thirde daye Abraham lyfte vp his eyes
and sawe the place a farr of, and sayde vnto his yong
men: byde here with the asse. I and the lad will goo
yonder and worshippe and come agayne vnto you
And Abraham toke the wodd of the sacrifyce and
layde it vpon Isaac his sonne, and toke fyre in his
hande and a knyfe. And they went both of them
together.
   Than spake Isaac vnto Abraham his father & sayde:
My father? And he answered here am I my sonne.
And he sayde: se here is fyre and wodd, but where is
the shepe for sacrifyce? And Abraham sayde: my
sonne, God wyll prouyde him a shepe for sacrifyce. So
went they both together.
   And when they came vnto the place which God
shewed him, Abraha~ made an aulter there and dressed
the wodd, a~d bownde Isaac his sonne and layde him
on the aulter, aboue apon the wodd. And Abraham
stretched forth his hande, and toke the knyfe to haue
kylled his sonne.
   Than the angell of the Lorde called vnto him
from heauen saynge: Abraham, Abraham. And he
answered: here am I. And he sayde: laye not thy
handes apon the childe nether do any thinge at all
vnto him, for now I knowe that thou fearest God, in
y=t= thou haste not kepte thine only sonne fro~ me. And
Abraham lyfted vp his eyes and loked aboute: and
beholde, there was a ram caught by the hornes in a
thykette. And he went and toke the ram and offred
him vp for a sacrifyce in the steade of his sonne And
Abraham called the name of the place, the Lorde
will see: wherfore it is a come~ saynge this daye: in the
mounte will the Lorde be sene.
   And the Angell of the Lorde cryed vnto Abraham
from heaven the seconde tyme saynge: by my
selfe haue I sworne (sayth the Lorde) because thou
hast done this thinge and hast not spared thy only
sonne, that I will blesse the and multiplye thy seed as
the starres of heaven and as the sonde vpo~ the see syde
And thy seed shall possesse the gates of hys enymies.
And in thy seed shall all the nations of the erth be
blessed, because thou hast obeyed my voyce
   So turned Abraham agayne vnto his yonge men,
and they rose vp and we~t to gether to Berseba. 
And Abraham dwelt at Berseba

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P XIII,1N>
[}THE .XIII. CHAPTER.}]

   And the Lorde spake vnto Moses
sayenge: sende men out to
serche the londe of Canaan,
which I geue vnto the childern
of Israel: of euery trybe of their fathers a
man and let them all be soche as are ruelars
amonge them. And Moses at the commaundement 
of the Lorde sent forth out of
the wildernesse of Pharan: soche men as were all heedes
amonge the childern of Israel, whose names are these.
   In the trybe of Ruben, Sammua y=e= sonne of Zacur: In
the trybe of Symeon, Saphat the sonne of Hori. In the
trybe of Iuda Caleph the sonne of Iephune. In the trybe
of Isachar, Igeal the sonne of Ioseph. In the tybe of
Ephraim, Hosea the sonne of Nun. In the trybe of
Ben Iamin, Palti the sonne of Raphu. In the trybe
of Zabulon, Gadiel the sonne of Sodi.
In the trybe of
Ioseph: In the trybe of Manasse, Gaddi the sonne of
Susi. In the trybe of Dan, Amiel the sonne of Gemali.
In the trybe of Asser, Sethur the sonne of Micheel.
In the trybe of Nephtali, Nahebi the sonne of Vaphsi.
In the trybe of Gad, Guel the sonne of Machi. These
are the names of the men whiche Moses sent to
spie out the londe. And Moses called the
name of Hosea the sonne of Nun, Iosua.
   And Moses sent them forth to spie out the lande of
Canaan, and sayed vnto them: get you southwarde and
goo vpp in to the hye contre, and se the londe what
maner thynge it is a~d the people that dwelleth therein:
whether they be stronge or weke, ether fewe or many,
and what the londe is that they dwell in whether it
be good or bad, and what maner of cities they dwell
in: whether they dwell in tentes or walled townes, 
<P XIII,20N>
a~d 
what maner of londe it is: whether is be fatt or leane,
& whether there be trees therein or not. And be of
a good corage, and brynge of the frutes of the londe.
And it was aboute the tyme that grapes are first rype.
   And they went vp and serched our the lande from
the wildernesse of Zin vnto Rehob as men goo to Hemath,
and they ascended vnto the south and came vnto
Hebron, where Ahiman was and Sesai and Thalmani
the sonnes of Enacke. Hebron was bylt .vii. yere before
Zoan in Egipte. And they came vnto the ryuer of
Escol and they cutte doune there a braunch with one
clouster of grapes & bare it apo~ a staffe betwene twayne,
& also of the pomgranates & of the fygges of the place.
The ryuer was called Escol, because of the clouster of
grapes whiche the childern of Israel cutt doune there.
   And they turned backe agayne from serchinge the
londe, at .xl. dayes ende. And thei went and came to
Moses and Aaron & vnto all the multitude of the childern
of Israel, vnto the wildernesse of Pharan: euen vnto
Cades, and broughte them worde and also vnto all the
congregacion, and shewed them the frute of the lande.
And they tolde him sayenge: we came vnto the londe
wether thou sendedst vs, & surely it is a lo~de that floweth
with milke & honye & here is of the frute of it Neuerthelesse
the people be stronge y=t= dwell in the londe, and
the cities are walled and exceadinge greate, and moreouer
we sawe the childre~ of Enack there. The amaleckes
dwel in the south cuntre, and the Hethites, Iebusites and
the Amorites dwell in the mou~taynes, and the Cananites
dwell by the see a~d alonge by the coste of Iordayne.
   And Caleb stylled the murmure of the people agenst
Moses sayenge: let vs goo vp and conquere it, for we
be able to ouercome it.
But the men that went vpp
with him, sayde: We be not able to goo vpp agenst
the people, for they are stronger then we: And they
broughte vpp an euell reporte of the londe which they
had serched, vnto the childern of Israel sayenge. The
londe which we haue gone thorowe to serche it out, is a
londe that eateth vpp the inhabiters thereof, and the people
that we sawe in it are men of stature. 
And there we sawe also geantes, the childre~ of Enack
which are of the geau~tes. And we semed in oure syght
as it were greshoppers and so we dyd in their sighte.

<P XIV,1N>
[}THE .XIIII. CHAPTER.}]

   And the multitude cryed out, &
the people wepte thorow out
that nyght, all the childern
of Ysrael murmured agenst
Moses & Aaron. And the hole congregacion
sayed vnto them: wolde god that
we had dyed in the lond of Egipte, ether
we wolde that we had dyed in thys
wildernesse. Wherfore hath the Lorde
broughte vs vnto this londe to fall apon
the swerde, that both oure wyues, & also
oure childre~ shulde be a praye? is it not
better that we returne vnto Egipte agayne? And
they sayde one to another: let vs make a captayne and
returne vnto Egipte agayne.
   And Moses & Aaron fell on their faces before all the
congregacion of the multitude of the childern of Ysrael.
And Iosua the sonne of Nun, and Caleb the sonne of
Iephune which were of them that serched the londe
rent their clothes and spake vnto all the companye of
the childern of Ysrael saynge: The londe which we
walked thorowe to serche it, is a very good lande. Yf
the Lorde haue lust to vs, he will bring vs
in to this londe & geue it vs, which is a
lond y=t= floweth with mylke & hony. But in any wise
rebell not agenst the Lorde, Moreouer feare ye not
the people of the londe, for they are but bred for vs.
Their shylde is departed from them, & the Lorde is
with vs: feare them not therfore.
   And all the whole multitude bade stone them with
stones. But the glorie of the Lorde appered in the
tabernacle of witnesse, vnto all the childern of Israel.
And the Lorde sayed vnto Moses: Howe longe shall
thys people rayle apon me, and how longe will it be,
yer they beleue me, for all my signes whiche I haue
shewed amonge them? I will smyte them with the
pestilence & destroy the~, and will make of the a greatter
nacion and a mightier then they.
   And Moses sayed vnto the Lorde: then
the Egiptians shall heare it, for thou
broughtest this people with thy mighte
from amonge them. And it wilbe tolde
to the inhabiters of this lande also, for they haue herde
likewise, that thou the Lorde art amo~ge this people,
a~d y=t= thou art sene face to face, & y=t= thy cloude stondeth
ouer them & that thou goest before them by daye tyme
in a piler of cloude, & in a piler of fyre by nyght. Yf
thou shalt kill all this people as thei were but one ma~
then the nacions which haue herde the fame of the,
will speake sayenge: because y=e= Lorde was not able to
bringe in this people in to y=e= londe he swore vnto
them, therfore he slewe them in the wildernesse.
   So now lat the power of my Lord
be greate, acordynge as thou hast spoken sayenge: the
Lorde is longe yer he be angrye, a~d full of mercy, and
suffereth synne and trespace, and leaueth no man innocent,
and visiteth the vnryghtuousnesse of the fathers vppon
y=e= childern, eue~ vpo~ y=e= thirde & fourth generacion. be
mercyfull I beseche y=e= therfore, vnto y=e= synne of this
people acordinge vnto thi greate mercy, & acordinge
as thou hast forgeue~ this people from Egipte euen vnto
this place.
<P XIV,20N>
   And the Lorde sayed: I haue forgeue~ it, acordynge
to thy request.
But as trulye as I lyue, all the erth
shalbe fylled with my glorye. For of all those me~
whiche haue sene my glorye & my miracles which I dyd
in Egipte & in y=e= wildernesse, & yet haue tempted me
now this .x. tymes & haue not herkened vnto my voyce,
there shall not one se the lond whiche I sware vnto
their fathers, nether shall any of the~ that rayled apo~
me, se it. But my servau~te Caleb. because there is another
maner sprite with hi~, & because he hath folowed
me vnto the vttmost: him I will bringe in to the lond
which he had walked in, & his seed shall conquere it,
& also the Amalechites a~d Cananites which dwell in
the lowe contrees Tomorowe turne you and gete you in
to the wildernesse: euen the waye towarde the red see.
   And the Lorde spake vnto Moses a~d Aaron sayenge:
how longe shall this euell multitude murmure agenst
me? I haue herde y=e= murmurynges of y=e= childern of
Ysrael whyche they murmure agenste me. Tell them,
y=t= the Lorde sayeth. As truely as I lyue, I wil do vnto
you euen as ye haue spoken in myne eares. Youre
carkasses shall lye in this wildernesse, nether shall any
of these numbres which were numbred from .xx. yere
& aboue of you which haue murmured agenst me
come in to the londe ouer which I lifted myne hande
to make you dwell therein, saue Caleb the sonne of
Iephune, and Iosua the sonne of Nun.
   And youre childern whiche ye sayed shuld be a
praye, the~ I will bringe in, & they shall knowe the
londe which ye haue refused, and youre carkesses shall
lye in this wildernesse And youre childern shall wa~dre
in this wildernesse .xl. yeres & suffre for youre whoredome
vntill your carkasses be wasted in the wildernesse,
after the numbre of the dayes in which ye serched out
y=e= londe .xl. dayes, & euery daye a yere: so that they
shall bere your vnrightuousnes .xl. yere, & ye shall fele
my vengeaunce I the Lorde haue sayed y=t= I will do it
vnto all this euell congregacion y=t= are gathered together
agenst me: euen in thys wildernesse ye shalbe consumed,
and here ye shall dye.
   And the men which Moses sent to
serche the londe, and which (when they came agayne)
made all the people to murmure agenst it in that they
broughte vpp a slaunder apon y=e= londe: dyed for their
bryngenge vp that euell slaunder apon it, and were
plaged before the Lorde. But Iosua the sonne of Nun
and Caleb the sonne of Iephune which were of y=e= me~
that went to serche the londe, lyued still. And Moses
tolde these sayenges vnto all the childern of Ysrael,
and the people toke great sorowe.
<P XIV,40N>
   And they rose vp yerlee in the mornynge
& gatt them vpp in to the toppe
of the mountayne sayenge: lo we be here,
a~d will goo vpp vnto the place of which
the Lorde sayed, for we haue synned.
And Moses sayed: wherfore will ye goo
on this maner beyonde the worde of the 
Lorde? it will not come well to passe goo not vpp for
the Lorde is not amonge you that ye be not slayne before
youre enemyes. For the Amalechytes and the
Cananites are there before you, & ye will fall apon the
swerde: because ye are turned a waye from y=e= Lorde,
and therfore the Lorde wyll not be wyth you.
   But they were blynded to goo vpp in
to y=e= hylltoppe: Neuer the lather, the arke
of the testament of the Lorde and Moses
departed not out of the hoste. Then the Amalekytes
a~d the Cananites which dwelt in that hill, came
doune and smote them and hewed the~: euen vnto
Horma.

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P XVI,1N>
[}THE .XVI. CHAPTER.}]

   And Corah the sonne of Iezehar
the sonne of Cahath the sonne
of Leui:  Dathan & Abiram
the sonne of Eliab, and On
the sonne of Peleth, the sonne of Ruben:
stode vpp before Moses, with other of the
childern of Israel .ii. hundred and fyftie,
heedes of the congregacion, and councelers, and men
of fame, and they gathered the~ selues together agenst
Moses and Aaron & sayed vnto them: ye haue done
ynough. For all the multitude are holy euery one of
them, and the Lorde is amonge them. Why therfore
heue ye youre selues vpp aboue the congregacion
of the Lorde.
   When Moses herde it, he fell apon his face and
spake vnto Corah and vnto all his companye sayenge:
tomorow the Lorde will shewe who is his and who is
holy, and will take them vnto him, and whom so euer
he hath chosen, he will cause to come
to him. This doo: take fyrepannes, thou Corah and
all thi companye, and do fyre therein a~d put ce~s thereto
before the Lorde tomorowe: And then whom soeuer
the Lorde doeth chose, the same is holy. Ye make
ynough to doo ye childern of Leui.
   And Moses sayed vnto Corah: heare ye childern of
leui, Semeth it but a small thynge vnto you, that y=e=
God of Israel hath separated you fro~ the multitude of
Israel to brynge you to him, to doo the seruyce of the
dwellynge place of the Lorde, and to stonde before the
people to minystre vnto them? he hath taken the to
him and all thi brethern the sonnes of leui with the,
and ye seke the office of y=e= preast also.
For which cause
both thou and all thi companye are gathered together
agenst the Lorde: for what is Aaron, that ye shulde
murmure agenst him.
   And Moses sent to call Dathan a~d Abiram the
sonnes of Eliab, and they answered: we will not come.
Semeth it a small thynge vnto the that thou hast
broughte us out of a londe that floweth with mylke
and honye, to kyll us in y=e= wildernesse. But that thou
shuldest reygne ouer us also? More ouer thou hast
broughte us vnto no londe that floweth with mylke
and honye, nether hast geuen us possessions of feldes or
of vynes. Ether wilt thou pull out the eyes of these
men? we wyll not come.
   And Moses waxed very angrye and sayed vnto the
Lorde: Turne not vnto their offerynges. I haue not
taken so moch as an asse from them, nether
haue vexed any of them. Then
Moses sayed vnto Corah: Be thou a~d all thy companye
before the Lorde: both thou, they and Aaron to
morowe. And take euery man his censer and put cens
in them, & come before the Lorde euery man with hys
censer: two hundred and fyftie censers, and Aaron with
his censer. And they toke euery man his censer and
put fyre in them & layed cens thereon, and stode in
the dore of the tabernacle of witnesse, and Moses &
Aaron also. And Corah gathered all the congregacyon
agenst them vnto the dore of the tabernacle of
witnesse.
   And the glorye of the Lorde appered vnto all the
congregacion. 
<P XVI,20N>
And the Lorde spake vnto Moses and Aaron sayenge:
separate youre selues from this congregacion,
that I maye consume them atonce. And
they fell apon their faces and sayed: O most myghtie
God of the spirites of all fleshe, one ma~ hath synned,
and wylt thou be wroth with all the multitude? And
the Lorde spake vnto Moses sayenge: speake vnto the
congregacion and saye: Gett you awaye from aboute the
dwellynge of Corah, Dathan & Abiram.
   And Moses rose vpp and went vnto Dathan
& Abira~, & the elders of Israel folowed
him. And he spake vnto the congregacyon sayenge:
departe from the tentes of these weked men and twyche
nothinge of theres: lest ye peryshe in all there synnes.
And they gate them from the dwellynge of Corah,
Dathan and Abiram, on euery side. And Dathan and
Abiram came out & stode in y=e= dore of there te~tes with
their wyues, their sonnes and their childern.
   And Moses sayed: Hereby ye shall knowe that the
Lorde hath sent me to doo all these workes, and that
I haue not done them of myne awne mynde: Yf these
men dye the comon deth of all men or yf they be
visyted after the visitacion of all men, then the Lorde
hath not sent me. But and yf the Lorde make a new
thinge, and the erth open hir mouthe and swalowe
them and all that pertayne vnto them, so that they
doo doune quycke in to hell: then ye shall vndersto~d,
that these me~ haue rayled apon the Lorde.
   And as soone as he had made an ende of speakynge
all these wordes, the grounde cloue asunder that was
vnder then, and y=e= erth opened hir mouthe and
swalowed them and their housses and all the me~ that
were with Corah and all their goodes. And they
and all that pertayned vnto them, went doune alyue
vnto hell, and the erthe closed apon them, and they
peryshed from amonge the congregacyon. And all
Israel that were aboute them, fledde at the crye of them.
   For they sayed: The erthe myghte happelye swalowe
vs also. And there came oute a fyre from the Lorde and
consumed the two hundred and fyftye men that offred cens.
   And the Lorde spake vnto Moses sayenge: Speake
vnto Eleazer the sonne of Aaron the preaste and
let him take vppe the censers oute of the burnynge
and scater the fyre here and there, for the censers
of these synners are halowed in theyr deethes: and
let them be beten in to thyne plates
and fastened apon the altare. For they offred the~ before
the Lorde, and therfore they are holye and they
shalbe a sygne vnto the childern of Israel.
   And Eleazar the preast toke the brasen censers
which they that were burnt had offered, and bet them 
and fastened them vppon the altare, 
<P XVI,40N>
to be a remembraunce
vnto the childern of Israel, that no straunger
whiche is not of the seed of Aaron, come nere to offer
cens before the Lorde, that he be not made like vnto
Corah and his companye: as the Lorde sayed vnto him
by the hande of Moses.
   And on the morowe all the multitude of the childern
of Israell murmured agenste Moses and Aaron sayenge:
ye haue kylled the people of
the Lorde. And when the multitude was gathered
agenste Moses and Aaron, they loked towarde the tabernacle
of witnesse. And beholde, the cloude had
couered it and the glorye of the Lorde appeared.
And Moses and Aaron went before the tabernacle of
witnesse. And the Lorde spake vnto Moses sayenge:
Gett you from this congregacyon, that I maye consume
them quyckelye. And they fell apon theyr faces.
   And Moses sayde vnto Aaron: take a censer and put
fyre therein out of the alter, and poure on cens, and goo
quyckly vnto the co~gregacion and make an attonement
for the~. For there is wrath gone oute from the
Lorde, and there is a plage begone. And Aaron toke
as Moses commaunded him, and ran vnto the congregacion:
and beholde, the plage was begone amonge
the people, and he put on cens, and made an attonement
for the people. And the stode betwene the deed,
and them that were alyue, and the plage ceased. And
the numbre of them that dyed in the plage, were
xiiii. thousande and seuen hundred: besyde them that
dyed aboute the busynes of Corah. And Aaron went
agayne vnto Moses vnto the dore off the tabernacle of
witnesse, and the plage ceased.

<P XVII,1N>
[}XVII. CHAPTER.}]

   And the Lorde spake vnto Moses
sayenge: speake vnto the
childern of Israel and take
of them, for euery pryncypall
housse a rod, of their princes ouer the housses of their
fathers: euen .xii. roddes, and wryte euery mans name
apon his rod. And wryte Aarons name apon the staffe
of Leui: for euery heedman ouer the housses of their
fathers shall haue a rod. And put the~ in the tabernacle
of witnesse where I wyll mete you. And his
rod whom I chose, shall blossome: So I wyll make cease
from me the grudgynges of the childern of Israel which
they grudge agenst you.
   And Moses spake vnto the childern off Israel, and
all the prynces gaue him for euery prynce ouer their
fathers housses, a rod: euen .xii. roddes, and the rod
of Aaron was amonge the rodes. And Moses put y=e=
roddes before the Lorde in the tabernacle of witnesse.
And on the morowe, Moses went in to the tabernacle:
and beholde, the rod of Aaron of the housse of Leui
was budded & bare blosomes and almondes. And
Moses broughte out all the staues from before the
Lorde, vnto all the childern of Israel, & thei loked
apon them, and toke euery man his staffe.
   And the Lorde sayed vnto Moses: Brynge Aarons
rod agayne before the witnesse to be kepte for a token
vnto the childern of rebellyon, that
their murmurynges maye ceasse fro me, that they
dye not.
And Moses dyd as the Lorde commaunded
him. And the childern of Israel spake vnto Moses
sayenge: beholde, we are destroyed and all come to
nought: for whosoeuer cometh nye the dwellynge of
the Lord, dyeth. Shall we vtterly consume awaye?



<B CENTEST1>
<Q E1 XX BIBLE TYNDNEW>
<N NEW TEST TYND>
<A TYNDALE WILLIAM>
<C E1>
<O 1500-1570>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F OTHER>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE NEW TESTAMENT.
THE NEW TESTAMENT.
TRANSLATED BY WILLIAM TYNDALE, 1534.
ED. N. H. WALLIS, WITH AN INTRODUCTION
BY I. FOOT.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1938.
JOHN 1.1 - 11.57^]

[^THE VERSE NUMBER REFERENCES FOLLOW
THOSE OF THE AUTHORIZED VERSION.^]

<P I,1>
[}THE GOSPELL OF SAINCTE IOHN.}]
[}THE FYRST CHAPTER.}]

   In the beginnynge was the worde, and the worde was with      #
God: and the
worde was God. The same was in the beginnynge with God. All     #
thinges were
made by it, and with out it, was made nothinge, that was made.  #
In it was lyfe,
and the lyfe was the lyght of men, and the lyght shyneth in     #
the darcknes, but
the darcknes comprehended it not.
   There was a man sent from God, whose name was Iohn. The      #
same cam as
a witnes to beare witnes of the lyght, that all men through     #
him myght beleve.
He was not that lyght: but to beare witnes of the lyght. That   #
was a true lyght,
which lyghteth all men that come into the worlde. He was in     #
the worlde, and
the worlde was made by him: and yet the worlde knewe him not.
   He cam amonge his awne and his awne receaved him not. But    #
as meny
as receaved him, to them he gave power to be the sonnes of God  #
in that they
beleved on his name: which were borne, not of bloude nor of     #
the will of the
flesshe, nor yet of the will of man: but of God.
   And the worde was made flesshe and dwelt among vs, and we    #
sawe the
glory of it, as the glory of the only begotten sonne of the     #
father, which worde
was full of grace and verite.
   Iohn bare witnes of him and cryed sayinge: This was he of    #
whome I spake,
he that cometh after me, was before me, because he was yer      #
then I. And of his
fulnes have all we receaved, even grace for grace. For the lawe #
was geven by
Moses, but grace and truthe came by Iesus Christ. No man hath   #
sene God at eny
tyme. The only begotten sonne, which is in the bosome of the    #
father, he hath
declared him.
   And this is the recorde of Iohn: When the Iewes sent         #
Prestes and Levites
from Ierusalem, to axe him, what arte thou?                     #
<P I,20>
And he confessed and denyed not, and
sayde playnly: I am not Christ.                                 #
And they axed him: what then? arte thou Helyas?
And he sayde: I am not. Arte thou a Prophete? And he answered   #
no. Then sayd
they vnto him: what arte thou that we maye geve an answer to    #
them that sent
vs: What sayest thou of thy selfe? He sayde: I am the voyce of  #
a cryar in the
wyldernes, make strayght the waye of the Lorde, as sayde the    #
Prophete Esaias.
   And they which were sent, were of the pharises. And they     #
axed him, and
sayde vnto him: why baptisest thou then, yf thou be not Christ  #
nor Helyas,
nether a Prophet? Iohn answered them sayinge: I baptise with    #
water: but one
is come amonge you, whom ye knowe not he it is that cometh      #
after me, whiche
was before me, whose sho latchet I am not worthy to vnlose.     #
These thinges were
done in Bethabara beyonde Iordan, where Iohn dyd baptyse.
   The nexte daye, Iohn sawe Iesus commynge vnto him, and       #
sayde: beholde
the lambe of God, which taketh awaye the synne of the worlde.   #
This is he of
whom I sayde. After me cometh a man, which was before me, for   #
he was yer
them I,                                                         #
and I knew him not: but that he shuld be declared to Israell,   #
therfore
am I come baptisynge with water.
   And Iohn bare recorde sayinge: I sawe the sprete descende    #
from heven,
lyke vnto a dove, and abyde apon him, and I knewe him not. But  #
he that sent
me to baptise in water, the same sayde vnto me: apon whom thou  #
shalt se the
sprete descende and tary styll on him, the same is he which     #
baptiseth with the
holy goost. And I sawe and bare recorde, that this is the sonne #
of God.
   The next daye after, Iohn stode agayne, and two of his       #
disciples. And he
behelde Iesus as he walked by, and sayde: beholde the lambe of  #
God. And the
two disciples hearde him speake; and folowed Iesus. And Iesus   #
turned about,
and sawe them folowe, and sayde vnto them: What seke ye? They   #
sayde vnto
him: Rabbi (which is to saye by interpretacion, Master) where   #
dwellest thou?
He sayde vnto them: come and se. They came and sawe where he    #
dwelt: and
abode with him that daye. For it was about the tenthe houre. 
<P I,40>
   One of the two which hearde Iohn speake and folowed Iesus,   #
was Andrew
Simon Peters brother.                                           #
The same founde his brother Simon fyrst, and sayde vnto
him: we have founde Messias, which is by interpretacion,        #
annoynted: and
brought him to Iesus. And Iesus behelde him and sayde: thou     #
arte Simon the
sonne of Ionas, thou shalt be called Cephas: which is by        #
interpretacion, a stone.
   The daye folowynge Iesus wolde goo into Galile, and found    #
Philip, and
sayde vnto him, folowe me. Philip was of Bethsaida the cite of  #
Andrew and
Peter. And Philip founde Nathanael, and sayde vnto him. We      #
have founde
him of whom Moses in the lawe, and the prophetes dyd wryte.     #
Iesus the sonne
of Ioseph of Nazareth. And Nathanael sayde vnto him: can ther   #
eny good thinge
come out of Nazareth? Philip sayde to him: come and se.
   Iesus sawe Nathanael commynge to him, and sayde of him.      #
Beholde a
ryght Israelite, in whom is no gyle. Nathanael sayd vnto him:   #
where knewest
thou me? Iesus answered, and sayde vnto him: Before that        #
Philip called the,
when thou wast vnder the fygge tree, I sawe the. Nathanael      #
answered and sayde
vnto him: Rabbi, thou arte the sonne of God, thou arte the      #
kynge of Israel. Iesus
answered and sayd vnto him: Because I sayde vnto the, I sawe    #
the vnder the fygge
tree, thou belevest. Thou shalt se greater thinges then these.  #
And he sayde vnto
him: Verely, verely, I saye vnto you: herafter shall ye se      #
heven open, and the
angels of God ascendynge and descendynge over the sonne of man.

<P II,1>
[}THE SECONDE CHAPTER.}]

   And the thryde daye, was ther a mariage in Cana a cite of    #
Galile: and the
mother of Iesus was there. And Iesus was called also and his    #
disciples vnto the
mariage. And when the wyne fayled, the mother of Iesus sayde    #
vnto him: they
have no wyne. Iesus sayde vnto her: woman, what have I to do    #
with the? myne
houre is not yet come. His mother sayde vnto the ministres:     #
whatsoever he sayeth
vnto you, do it. And ther were stondynge theare, six            #
waterpottes of stone after
the maner of the purifyinge of the Iewes, contaynynge two or    #
thre fyrkins a pece.
   And Iesus sayde vnto them: fyll the water pottes with        #
water. And they 
fylled them vp to the brym. And he sayde vnto them: drawe out   #
now, and
beare vnto the governer of the feaste. And they bare it. When   #
the ruler of the
feast had tasted the water that was turned vnto wyne, and       #
knewe not whence
it was (but the ministres which drue the water knew) He called  #
the brydegrome,
and sayde vnto him. All men at the beginnynge, set forth good   #
wyne, and when
men be dronke, then that which is worsse. But thou hast kept    #
backe the good
wyne, vntyll now. 
   This beginnynge of miracles dyd Iesus in Cana of Galile,     #
and shewed
his glory, and his disciples beleved on him. After that he      #
descended in to
Capernaum, and his mother, and his brethren, and his            #
disciples: but contynued
not manye dayes there.
   And the Iewes ester was even at honde, and Iesus went vp to  #
Ierusalem,
and founde syttynge in the temple, those that solde oxen and    #
shepe and doves,
and chaungers of money. And he made a scourge of small cordes,  #
and drave
them all out of the temple, with the shepe and oxen, and        #
powred oute the
changers money, and overthrue the tables, and sayde vnto them   #
that solde
doves: Have these thinges hence, and make not my fathers        #
housse an housse of
marchaundyse. And his disciples remembred, how that it was      #
wrytten: the zele
of thyne housse hath even eaten me.
   Then answered the Iewes and sayde vnto him: what token       #
shewest thou
vnto vs, seynge that thou dost these thinges? Iesus answered    #
and sayd vnto
them: destroye this temple, and in thre dayes I will reare it   #
vp agayne.                                                      #
<P II,20>
Then                                                            
sayde the Iewes: xlvi. yeares was this temple abuyldinge: and   #
wylt thou reare
it vp in thre dayes?                                            #
But he spake of the temple of his body. Assone therfore as
he was rysen from deeth agayne, his disciples remembred that    #
he thus sayde.
And they beleved the scripture, and the wordes which Iesus had  #
sayde.  
   When he was at Ierusalem at ester in the feaste, many        #
beleved on his name,
when they sawe his miracles which he dyd. But Iesus put not     #
him selfe in their
hondes, because he knewe all men, and neded not, that eny man   #
shuld testify of
man. For he knewe what was in man.

<P III,1>
[}THE III. CHAPTER.}]

   Ther was a man of the pharises named Nicodemus a ruler       #
amonge the
Iewes. The same cam to Iesus by nyght, and sayde vnto him:      #
Rabbi, we knowe
that thou arte a teacher whiche arte come from God. For no man  #
coulde do
suche miracles as thou doest, except God were with him. Iesus   #
answered and
sayde vnto him: Verely verely I saye vnto the: except a man be  #
boren a newe,
he cannot se the kyngdom of God. Nicodemus sayde vnto him: how  #
can a man
be boren when he is olde? can he enter his moders wombe and be  #
boren
agayne? Iesus answered: verely, verely I saye vnto the: except  #
that a man be
boren of water and of the sprete, he cannot enter into the      #
kyngdome of god.
That which is boren of the flesshe, is flesshe: and that which  #
is boren of the sprete,
is sprete. Marvayle not that I sayd to the, ye must be boren a  #
newe. The wynde
bloweth where he listeth, and thou hearest his sounde: but      #
canst not tell whence
he cometh and whether he goeth. So is every man that is boren   #
of the sprete.
   And Nicodemus answered and sayde vnto him: how can these     #
thinges be?
Iesus answered and sayde vnto him: arte thou a master in        #
Israel, and knowest
not these thinges?                                              #
Verely verely, I saye vnto the, we speake that we knowe, and
testify that we have sene: and ye receave not oure witnes. Yf   #
when I tell you
erthely thinges, ye beleve not: how shuld ye beleve, yf I       #
shall tell you of hevenly
thinges?
   And no man ascendeth vp to heaven, but he that came doune    #
from heaven,
that is to saye, the sonne of man which is in heaven.
   And as Moses lifte vp the serpent in the wyldernes, even so  #
must the sonne
of man be lifte vp, that none that beleveth in him perisshe:    #
but have eternall lyfe.  
   For God so loveth the worlde, that he hath geven his only    #
sonne, that none
that beleve in him, shuld perisshe: but shuld have              #
everlastinge lyfe. For God sent
not his sonne into the worlde, to condempne the worlde: but     #
that the worlde
through him, might be saved. He that beleveth on him, shall     #
not be condempned.
But he that beleveth not, is condempned all redy, be cause he   #
beleveth not in the
name of the only sonne of God. And this is the condempnacion:   #
that light is
come into the worlde, and the men loved darcknes more then      #
light, because
their dedes were evill.                                         #
<P III,20>
For every man that evyll doeth, hateth  the light: nether
commeth the light, lest his dedes shuld be reproved.            #
But he that doeth truth,
commeth to the light, that his dedes might be knowen, how that  #
they are
wrought in God.
   After these thinges cam Iesus and his disciples into the     #
Iewes londe, and
ther he haunted with them and baptised. And Iohn also baptised  #
in Enon
besydes Salim, because ther was moche water there, and they     #
came and were
baptised. For Iohn was not yet cast into preson.
   And ther arose a question bitwene Iohns disciples and the    #
Iewes a bout
purifiynge. And they came vnto Iohn, and sayde vnto him: Rabbi, #
he that was
with the beyonde Iordan, to whom thou barest witnes. Beholde    #
the same
baptyseth, and all men come to him. Iohn answered, and sayde:   #
a man can
receave no thinge at all except it be geven him from heaven.    #
Ye youre
selves are witnesses, how that I sayde: I am not Christ but am  #
sent before
him. He that hath the bryde, is the brydegrome. But the frende  #
of the
brydegrome which stondeth by and heareth him, reioyseth         #
greately of the
brydgromes voyce. Tis my ioye is fulfilled. He must increase:   #
and I must
decreace.
   He that commeth from an hye is above all: He that is of the  #
erth, is of the
erth, and speaketh of the erth. He that commeth from  heaven,   #
is above all,
and what he hath sene and hearde: that he testifieth: but no    #
man receaveth his
testimonye. How be it he that hath receaved hys testimonye      #
hath set to his
seale that God is true. For he whom God hath sent, speaketh     #
the wordes of God.
For God geveth not the sprete by measure. The father loveth     #
the sonne and
hath geven all thinges into his honde. He that beleveth on the  #
sonne, hath
everlastynge lyfe: and he that beleveth not the sonne, shall    #
not se lyfe, but the
wrathe of God abydeth on him.

<P IV,1>
[}THE IIII. CHAPTER.}]

   Assone as the Lorde had knowledge, how the Pharises had      #
hearde, that
Iesus made and baptised moo disciples then Iohn (though that    #
Iesus him selfe
baptised not: but his disciples) he lefte Iewry, and departed   #
agayne into Galile.
And it was so that he must nedes goo thorowe Samaria. Then      #
came he to a
cyte of Samaria called Sichar, besydes the possession that      #
Iacob gave to his
sonne Ioseph. And there was Iacobs well. Iesus then weryed in   #
his iorney, sate
thus on the well.
   And it was about the sixte houre: and there came a woman of  #
Samaria to
drawe water. And Iesus sayde vnto her: geve me drynke. For his  #
disciples were
gone awaye vnto the toune to bye meate. Then sayde the woman    #
of Samaria
vnto him: how is it, that thou beinge a Iewe, axest drinke of   #
me, which am a 
Samaritane? for the Iewes medle not with the Samaritans. Iesus  #
answered and
sayde vnto hir: yf thou knewest the gyfte of God, and who it    #
is that sayeth to
the geve me drynke, thou woldest have axed of him, and he       #
wolde have geven
the water of lyfe.                                              #
The woman sayde vnto him. Syr thou hast no thinge to
drawe with, and the well is depe: from whence then hast thou    #
that water of
lyfe? Arte thou greater then oure father Iacob which gave vs    #
the well, and he
him silfe dranke therof, and his chyldren, and his catell?
   Iesus answered and sayde vnto hir: whosoever drinketh of     #
this water,
shall thurst agayne. But whosoever shall drinke of the water    #
that I shall
geve him, shall never be more a thyrst: but the water that I    #
shall geve him,
shalbe in him a well of water, springinge vp in to              #
everlastinge lyfe. The
woman sayd vnto him: Syr geve me of that water, that I thyrst   #
not, nether
come hedder to drawe. Iesus sayde vnto her. Go and call thy     #
husband, and
come hydder. The woman answered and sayde to him: I have no     #
husband.
Iesus sayde to her. Thou hast well sayd, I have no husbande.    #
For thou haste had
five husbandes, and he whom thou now hast, is not thy husband.  #
That saydest
thou truely.
   The woman sayde vnto him: Syr I perceave that thou arte a    #
prophet.
<P IV,20>
Oure fathers worshipped in this mountayne: and ye saye that in  #
Hierusalem is
the place where men ought to worshippe.                         #
Iesus sayde vnto her: woman beleve
me, the houre cometh, when ye shall nether in this mountayne    #
nor yet at
Ierusalem, worshippe the father. Ye worshippe, ye wot not       #
what: we knowe
what we worshippe. For salvacion commeth of the Iewes. But the  #
houre
commeth and nowe is, when the true worshippers shall worshippe  #
the father
in sprete and in trouthe. For verely suche the father           #
requyreth to worshippe
him. God is a sprete, and they that worshippe him, must         #
worshippe him, in
sprete and trouthe. 
   The woman sayde vnto him: I wot well Messias shall come,     #
which is
called Christ. When he is come, he will tell vs all thinges.    #
Iesus sayde vnto hir:
I that speake vnto the am he. And even at that poynte, came     #
his disciples, and
marvelled that he talked with the woman. Yet no man sayde vnto  #
him: what
meanest thou, or why talkest thou with her? The woman then      #
lefte her waterpot,
and went her waye into the cite, and sayde to the men. Come se  #
a man which
tolde me all thinges that ever I dyd. Is not he Christ? Then    #
they went out of the
cite, and came vnto him.
   And in the meane while his disciples prayed him sayinge:     #
Master, eate.
He sayde vnto them: I have meate to eate, that ye knowe not     #
of. Then sayd
the disciples bitwene them selves: hath eny man brought him     #
meate? Iesus
sayde vnto them: my meate is to doo the will of him that sent   #
me. And to
fynnysshe his worke. Saye not ye: there are yet foure           #
monethes, and then
commeth harvest? Beholde I saye vnto you, lyfte vp youre eyes,  #
and loke on
the regions: for they are whyte all redy vnto harvest. And he   #
that repeth receaveth 
rewarde, and gaddereth frute vnto life eternall: that bothe he  #
that soweth, and
he that repeth myght reioyse to gether. And herin is the        #
sayinge true, that one
soweth, and another repeth. I sent you to repe that wheron ye   #
bestowed no
laboure. Other men laboured, and ye are entred into their       #
labours.
   Many of the Samaritans of that cyte beleved on him, for the  #
sayinge of the
woman, which testified: he tolde me all thinges that ever I     #
dyd. 
<P IV,40>
Then when                                                       #
the Samaritans were come vnto him, they besought him, that he   #
wolde tary with
them. And he aboode there two dayes.                            #
And many moo beleved because of his 
awne wordes, and sayd vnto the woman: Now we beleve not         #
because of thy
sayinge. For we have herde him oure selves, and knowe that      #
this is even in dede
Christ the savioure of the worlde.  
   After two dayes he departed thence, and went awaye into      #
Galile. And Iesus
him selfe testified, that a Prophete hath none honoure in his   #
awne countre. Then 
assone as he was come into Galile, the Galileans receaved him   #
which had sene
all the thinges that he dyd at Ierusalem at the feast. For      #
they went also vnto the
feast daye. And Iesus came agayne into Cana of Galile, wher he  #
turned water
into wyne.
   And ther was a certayne ruler, whose sonne was sicke at      #
Capernaum.
Assone as the same herde that Iesus was come out of Iewry into  #
Galile, he went
vnto him, and besought him, that he wolde descende, and heale   #
his sonne: For
he was even readie to dye. Then sayde Iesus vnto him: excepte   #
ye se signes and
wondres, ye cannot beleve. The ruler sayd vnto him: Syr come    #
awaye or ever
that my chylde dye. Iesus sayde vnto him, goo thy waye, thy     #
sonne liveth.
And the man beleved the wordes that Iesus had spoken vnto him,  #
and went
his waye.                                                       #
And anone as he went on his waye, his servantes met him, and    #
tolde
him sayinge: thy chylde liveth. Then enquyred he of them the    #
houre when he
beganne to amende. And they sayde vnto him: Yester daye the     #
seventhe houre,
the fever lefte him. And the father knew that it was the same   #
houre in which
Iesus sayde vnto him: Thy sonne liveth. And he beleved, and     #
all his housholde.
Thys is agayne the seconde myracle, that Iesus dyd, after he    #
was come oute of  
Iewry into Galile.

<P V,1>
[}THE V. CHA.}]

   After that ther was a feast of the Iewes, and Iesus went vp  #
to Ierusalem.
And ther is at Ierusalem, by the slaughterhousse, a pole        #
called in the Ebrue
tonge, Bethseda, havinge five porches, in which laye a greate   #
multitude of sicke
folke, of blinde, halt and wyddered, waytinge for the movinge   #
of the water.
For an angell went doune at a certayne ceason the into pole     #
and troubled the
water. Whosoever then fyrst after the steringe of the water,    #
stepped in, was
made whoale of what soever disease he had. And a certayne man   #
was theare,
which had bene diseased .xxxviii. yeares. When Iesus sawe him   #
lye, and knewe
that he now longe tyme had bene diseased, he sayde vnto him.    #
Wilt thou be
made whoale? The sicke answered him: Syr I have no man when     #
the water is
troubled, to put me into the pole. But in the meane tyme,       #
whill I am about to
come, another steppeth doune before me.
   And Iesus sayde vnto him: ryse, take vp thy beed, and        #
walke. And 
immediatly the man was made whole, and toke vp his beed, and    #
went. And
the same daye was the Saboth daye. The Iewes therfore sayde     #
vnto him that 
was made whole. It is the Saboth daye, it is not laufull for    #
the to cary thy beed.
He answered them: he that made me whole, sayde vnto me: take    #
vp thy beed,
and get the hence. Then axed they him: what man is that which   #
sayde vnto
the, take vp thy beed and walke. And he that was healed, wist   #
not who it was.
For Iesus had gotten him selfe awaye, because that ther was     #
preace of people in
the place.
   And after that, Iesus founde him in the temple, and sayd     #
vnto him: beholde
thou arte made whole, synne no moore, lest a worsse thinge      #
happen vnto the.
The man departed, and tolde the Iewes that yt was Iesus,        #
whiche had made him
whole. And therfore the Iewes dyd persecute Iesus and sought    #
the meanes to
slee him, because he had done these thinges on the Saboth       #
daye. And Iesus
answered them: my father worketh hidder to, and I worke.        #
Therfore the Iewes
sought the moare to kill him, not only because he had broken    #
the Saboth: but
sayde also that God was his father, and made him selfe equall   #
with God.
   Then answered Iesus and sayde vnto them: verely, verely, I   #
saye vnto you:
the sonne can do no thinge of him selfe, but that he seeth the  #
father do. For
whatsoever he doeth, that doeth the sonne also.                 #
<P V,20>
For the father loveth the sonne,
and sheweth him all thinges, whatsoever he him selfe doeth.     #
And he will shewe
him greter workes then these, because ye shoulde marvayle.      #
For lykwyse as the
father rayseth vp the deed, and quickeneth them, even so the    #
sonne quyckeneth
whom he will. Nether iudgeth the father eny man: but hath       #
committed all
iudgement vnto the sonne, because that all men shuld honoure    #
the sonne, even
as they honoure the father. He that honoureth not the sonne,    #
the same honoureth
not the father which hath sent him. Verely verely I saye vnto   #
you: He that 
heareth my wordes, and beleveth on him that sent me, hath       #
everlastinge lyfe,
and shall not come in to damnacion: but is scaped from deth     #
vnto lyfe.
   Verely, verely I saye vnto you: the tyme shall come, and     #
now is, when the
deed shall heare the voyce of the sonne of God. And they that   #
heare, shall live.
For as the father hath life in him silfe: so lyke wyse hath he  #
geven to the sonne
to have lyfe in him silfe: and hath geven him power also to     #
iudge, in that he
is the sonne of man. Marvayle not at this, the houre shall      #
come in the which
all that are in the graves, shall heare his voice, and shall    #
come forthe: they that
have done good vnto the resurreccion of lyfe: and they that     #
have done evyll,
vnto the resurreccion of dampnacion.
   I can of myne awne selfe do nothinge at all. As I heare, I   #
iudge, and my
iudgement is iust, be cause I seke not myne awne will, but the  #
will of the father
which hath sent me.                                             #
Yf I beare witnes of my selfe, my witnes is not true. Ther
is a nother that beareth witnes of me, and I am sure that the   #
witnes whiche he
beareth of me, is true.
   Ye sent vnto Iohn, and he bare witnes vnto the truthe. But   #
I receave not
the recorde of man. Neverthelesse, these thinges I saye, that   #
ye might be safe.
He was a burninge and a shyninge light, and ye wolde for a      #
season have
reioysed in his light. But I have greater witnes then the       #
witnes of Iohn. For the
workes which the father hath geven me to fynisshe: the same     #
workes which
I do, beare witnes of me, that the father sent me. And the      #
father him silfe
which hath sent me, beareth witnes of me. Ye have not hearde    #
his voyce at
eny tyme, nor ye have sene his shape: therto his wordes have    #
ye not abydinge in
you. For whome he hath sent: him ye beleve not.
   Searche the scriptures, for in them ye thinke ye have        #
eternall lyfe: and they
are they which testify of me.                                   #
<P V,40>
And yet will ye not come to me, that ye might
have lyfe.                                                      #
I receave not prayse of men. But I knowe you, that ye have not  #
the
love of God in you, I am come in my fathers name, and ye        #
receave me not. Yf
another shall come in his awne name, him will ye receave. How   #
can ye beleve
which receave honoure one of another, and seke not the honoure  #
that commeth
of God only?
   Doo not thinke that I wyll accuse you to my father. Ther is  #
one that
accuseth you, even Moses in whom ye trust. For had ye beleved   #
Moses, ye wold
have beleved me: for he wrote of me. But now ye beleve not his  #
writinge: how
shall ye beleve my wordes.

<P VI,1>
[}THE. VI. CHAPTER.}]

   After these thinges Iesus went his waye over the see of      #
Galile nye to a cyte 
called Tiberias. And a greate multitude folowed him, because    #
they had sene
his myracles which he dyd on them that were diseased. And       #
Iesus went vp into
a mountayne, and there he sate with his disciples. And ester,   #
a feast of the Iewes,
was nye. Then Iesus lifte vp his eyes, and sawe a greate        #
company  come vnto
him, and sayde vnto Philip: whence shall we bye breed that      #
these might eate.
This he sayde to prove him: for he  him sylfe knewe what he     #
wolde do.
   Philip answered him, two hondred peny worthe of breed are    #
not sufficient 
for them, that every man have a litell. Then sayde vnto him,    #
one of his disciples, 
Andrew Simon Peters brother. There ys a lad here, which hath    #
fyve barly loves
and two fisshes: but what is that amonge so many? And Iesus     #
sayde. Make the
people sit doune: Ther was moche grasse in the place. And the   #
men sate doune, 
in nombre, about five thousande. And Iesus toke the breed, and  #
gave thankes, 
and gave to the disciples, and his disciples to them that were  #
set doune. And 
lykwyse of the fysshes, as  moche as they wolde.
   When they had eaten ynough, he sayd vnto his disciples:      #
gadder vp the
broken meate that remayneth: That nothinge be loost. And they   #
gadered it to
geder, and fylled twelve baskettes with the broken meate, of    #
the five barly loves,
which broken meate remayned vnto them that had eaten. Then the  #
men, when 
they had sene the myracle that Iesus dyd, sayde: This is of a   #
trueth the Prophet
that shuld come into the worlde.
   When Iesus perceaved that they wolde come, and take him vp,  #
to make him
kinge, he  departed agayne into a mountayne him silfe a lone.
   And when even was come, his disciples went vnto the see and  #
entred into 
a shyppe, and went over the see vnto Capernaum. And anonne it   #
was darcke, 
and Iesus was not come to them. And the see arose with a        #
greate winde that
blew. And when they had rowen aboute a. xxv. or a xxx.          #
furlonges, they sawe
Iesus walke on the see, and drawe nye vnto the shyp, and they   #
were afrayed. 
<P VI,20>
And he sayde vnto them: It is I, be not a frayde. Then wolde    #
they  have receaved
him into the shyp, and the ship was by and by at the londe      #
whyther they went. 
   The daye folowynge, the people which stode on the other      #
syde of the see, 
sawe that ther was none other shyp theare, save that one wher   #
in his disciples
were entred, and that Iesus went  not in with his disciples     #
into the ship: but that 
his disciples were gone awaye alone. How be it, ther came       #
other shippes from
Tiberias nye vnto place, where they ate breed, when the Lorde   #
had blessed. 
Then when the people sawe that Iesus was not there nether his   #
disciples, they 
also toke shippinge and came to Caparnaum sekinge for Iesus. 
   And when they had founde him on the other syde of the see    #
they sayd
vnto him: Rabbi, when camest thou hidder? Iesus answered them   #
and sayde: 
verely verely I saye vnto you: ye seke me, not because ye sawe  #
the myracles:
but be cause ye ate of the loves, and were filled. Laboure,     #
not for the meate
which perissheth, but for the meate that endureth vnto          #
everlastynge lyfe, 
whiche meate the sonne of man shall geve vnto you. For him      #
hath god the
father sealed.
   Then sayd they vnto him: what shall we do that myght worke   #
the
workes of God. Iesus answered and sayde vnto them. This is the  #
worke of
God, that ye beleve on him, whom he hath sent. They sayde vnto  #
him: what 
signe shewest thou then, that we maye se and beleve the? What   #
doest thou 
worke? Oure fathers dyd eate Manna in the desert, as yt is      #
written: He gave 
them breed from heaven to eate. Iesus sayde vnto them: verely,  #
verely I saye 
vnto you: Moses gave you breed from heaven: but my father       #
geveth you the 
true breed from heaven. For the breed of God is he which        #
commeth doune
from heaven and geveth lyfe vnto the worlde.
   Then sayde they vnto him: Lorde, ever moore geve vs this     #
breed. And 
Iesus sayde vnto them: I am that breed of life. He that commeth #
to me, shall
not honger: and he that beleveth on me shall never thurst. But  #
I sayed vnto 
you: that ye have sene me, and yet beleve not. All that the     #
father geveth me:
shall come to me: and him that cometh to me, I cast not awaye.  #
For I came
doune from heaven: not to do myne awne will, but his will       #
which hath sent me:
And this is the fathers will which hath sent me, that of all    #
which he hath geven 
me, I shuld loose no thinge: but shuld rayse it vp agayne at    #
the last daye. 
<P VI,40>
And                                                             #
this is the wyll of him that sent me: that every man which      #
seith the sonne and 
beleveth on him, have everlastinge lyfe. And I will rayse him   #
vp at the last daye. 
   The Iewes then murmured at him, because he sayde: I am that  #
breed which
is come doune from heaven. And they sayde: Is not this Iesus    #
the sonne of 
Ioseph, whose father and mother we knowe? How ys yt then that   #
he sayeth,       
I came  doune from heaven? Iesus answered and sayde vnto them.  #
Murmur
not betwene youre selves. No man can come to me except the      #
father which
hath sent me, drawe him. And I will rayse him vp at the last    #
daye. It is written
in the Prophetes, that they shall all be taught of God. Every   #
man therfore that
hath hearde and hath learned of the father commeth vnto me.     #
Not that eny man
hath sene the father, save he which is of God: the same hath    #
sene the father. 
   Verely verely I saye vnto you, he that beleveth on me, hath  #
everlastinge
lyfe. I am that breed of lyfe. Youre fathers dyd eate Manna in  #
the wildernes
and are deed. This is that breed which commeth from heaven,     #
that he which
eateth of it, shuld also not dye. I am that lyvinge breed       #
which came doune
from heaven. Yf eny man eate of this breed, he shall live       #
forever. And the
breed that I will geve, is my flesshe, which I will geve for    #
the lyfe of the worlde.
   And the Iewes strove amonge them selves sayinge: How can     #
this felowe
geve vs his flesshe to eate? Then Iesus sayde vnto them:        #
Verely, verely I saye
vnto you, except ye eate the flesshe of the sonne of man, and   #
drinke his bloude,
ye shall not have lyfe in you. Whosoever eateth my flesshe,     #
and drinketh my
bloude, hath eternall lyfe: and I will rayse him vp at the      #
last daye. For my
flesshe is meate in dede: and my bloude is drynke in dede. He   #
that eateth my
flesshe and drynketh my bloude, dwelleth in me and I in him.    #
As the lyvinge
father hath sent me, even so lyve I by my father: and he that   #
eateth me, shall
live by me. This is the breed which cam from heaven: not as     #
youre fathers have
eaten Manna and are deed. He that eateth of this breed, shall   #
live ever. 
   These thinges sayd he in the synagoge as he taught in        #
Capernaum.
<P VI,60>
Many                                                            #
of his disciples, when they had herde this, sayde: this is an   #
herde sayinge: who
can abyde the hearinge of it? Iesus knew in him selfe, that     #
his disciples 
murmured at it, and sayde vnto them: Doth this offende you?     #
What and yf ye
shall se the sonne of man ascende vp where he was before? It    #
is the sprete that
quyckeneth, the flesshe proffeteth nothinge. The wordes that I  #
speake vnto you,
are sprete and lyfe. But ther are some of you that beleve not.  #
For Iesus knewe
from the begynnynge, which they were that beleved not, and who  #
shuld betraye
him. And he sayde: Therfore sayde I vnto you: that no man can   #
come vnto me, 
except it were geven vnto him of my father.
   From that tyme many of his disciples went backe, and walked  #
no moore
with him. Then sayde Iesus to the twelve: will ye alsoo goo     #
awaye? Then 
Simon Peter answered: Master to whom shall we goo? Thou haste   #
the 
wordes of eternall lyfe, and we beleve and knowe, that thou     #
arte Christ the 
sonne of the lyvinge God. Iesus answered them: Have not I       #
chosen you 
twelve, and yet one of you is the devyll? He spake it of Iudas  #
Iscariot the 
sonne of Simon. For he it  was that shuld betraye him, and was  #
one of the 
twelve.

<P VII,1>
[}THE. VII. CHAPTER.}]

   After that, Iesus went about in Galile and wolde not go      #
about in Iewry,
for the Iewes sought to kill him. The Iewes tabernacle feast    #
was at honde. His
brethren therfore sayde vnto him: get the hence and go into     #
Iewry that thy
disciples maye se thy workes that thou doest. For ther is no    #
man that doeth eny
thinge secretly, and he him selfe seketh to be knowen. Yf thou  #
do soche thinges,
shewe thy selfe to the worlde. For as yet his brethren beleved  #
not in him.
   Then Iesus sayd vnto them: My tyme is not yet come, youre    #
tyme is all
waye redy. The worlde cannot hate you. Me it hateth: be cause   #
I testify of it, 
that the workes of it are evyll. Go ye vp vnto this feast. I    #
will not go vp yet
vnto this feast, for my tyme is not yet full come.  These       #
wordes he sayde vnto
them and abode still in Galile. But assone as his brethren      #
were goone vp, then
went he also vp vnto the feast: not openly but as it were       #
prevely. Then sought
him the Iewes at the feast, and sayde: Where is he? And moche   #
murmurynge
was ther of him amonge the people. Some sayde: He is good.      #
Wother sayde
naye, but he deceaveth the people. How be it no man spake       #
openly of him,
for feare of the Iewes.
   In the middes of the feast, Iesus went vp into the temple    #
and taught. And 
the Iewes marveylled sayinge: How knoweth he the scriptures,    #
seynge that he 
never learned? Iesus answered them, and sayde: My doctrine is   #
not myne: but
his that sent me. If eny man will do his will, he shall knowe   #
of the doctrine, 
whether it be of God, or whether I speake of my selfe. He that  #
speaketh of him
selfe, seketh his awne prayse. But he that seketh his prayse    #
that sent him, the
same is true, and no vnrightewesnes is in him. 
   Dyd not Moses geve you a lawe, and yet  none of you kepeth   #
the lawe?
Why goo ye a boute to kyll me?                                  #
<P VII,20> 
The people answered and  sayde: thou hast the
devyll: who goeth aboute to kyll the? Iesus answered and sayde  #
to them: I have
done one worke, and ye all marvayle. Moses therfore gave vnto   #
you circumcision
not because it is of Moses, but of the fathers. And yet ye on   #
the Saboth
daye, circumcise a man. If a man on the Saboth daye receave     #
circumcision 
without breakinge of the lawe of Moses: disdayne ye at me,      #
because I have made
a man every whit whoale on the saboth daye? Iudge not after     #
the vtter aperaunce:
but iudge rightewes iudgement.
   Then sayd some of them of Ierusalem: Is not this he whom     #
they goo aboute 
to kyll? Beholde he speaketh boldly, and they saye nothinge to  #
him. Do the
rulars knowe in dede, that this is very Christ? How be it we    #
knowe this man
whence he is: but when Christ cometh, no man shall knowe        #
whence he is.
   Then cryed Iesus in the temple as he taught sayinge: ye      #
knowe me, and
whence I am ye knowe. And yet I am not come of my selfe, but    #
he that sent
me is true, whom ye knowe not. I knowe him: for I am of him,    #
and he hath 
sent me. Then they sought to take him: but no man layde hondes  #
on him,
because his tyme was not yet come. Many of the people beleved   #
on him and
sayde: when Christ cometh, will he do moo miracles then this    #
man hath done?
   The pharises hearde that the people murmured suche thinges   #
about him. 
Wherfore the pharises and hye prestes  sent ministres forthe    #
to take him. Then
sayde Iesus vnto them: Yet am I a lytell whyle with you, and    #
then goo I vnto
him that sent me. Ye shall seke me, and shall not fynde me:     #
and where I am,
thyther can ye not come. Then sayde the Iewes bitwene them      #
selves: whyther
will he goo, that we shall not fynde him? Will he goo amonge    #
the gentyls 
which are scattered all a broade, and teache the gentyls? What  #
maner of sayinge
is this that he sayde: ye shall seke me, and shall not fynde    #
me: and where I am,
thyther can ye not come? 
   In the last daye, that great daye of the feaste, Iesus       #
stode and cryed sayinge:
If eny man thyrst, let him come vnto me and drinke. He that     #
beleveth on me, 
as sayeth the scripture, out of his belly shall flowe ryvers    #
of water of lyfe. This
spak he of the sprete which they that beleved on him, shuld     #
receave. For the
holy goost was not yet there, because that Iesus was not yet    #
glorifyed.
<P VII,40>
   Many of the people, when they hearde this sayinge sayd: of   #
a truth this is 
a prophet. Other sayde: this is Christ. Some sayde: shall       #
Christ come out of 
Galile? Sayeth not the scripture that Christ shall come of the  #
seed of David:
and out of the toune of Bethleem where David was? So was ther   #
dissencion 
amonge the people aboute him. And some of them wolde have       #
taken him: but
no man layed hondes on him. 
   Then came the ministres to the hye prestes and pharises.     #
And they sayde 
vnto them: why have ye not brought him?  The servauntes         #
answered never 
man spake as this man doeth. Then answered them the             #
pharises: are ye also
disceaved? Doth eny of the rulers or the pharises beleve on     #
him? But the 
comen people whiche knowe not the lawe, are cursed. Nicodemus   #
sayde vnto 
them: He that came to Iesus by nyght, and was one of them.      #
Doth oure lawe
iudge eny man, before it heare him, and knowe what he hath      #
done? They
answered and sayde vnto him: arte thou also of Galile? Searche  #
and loke, for
out of Galile aryseth no Prophet. And every man went vnto his   #
awne housse.

<P VIII,1>
[}THE. VIII. CHAPTER.}]

   And Iesus went vnto mounte Olivete and erly in the mornynge  #
came
agayne in to the temple and all the people came vnto him, and   #
he sate doune and
taught them. And the scribes and the pharises brought vnto him  #
a woman
taken in advoutry, and set hyr in the myddes and sayde vnto     #
him: Master, this
woman was taken in advoutry, even as the dede was a doyng.      #
Moses in the lawe
commaunded vs that suche shuld be stoned. What sayest thou      #
ther fore? And
this they sayde to tempt him: that they myght have, wherof to   #
accuse him.
Iesus stouped doune, and with his fynger wrote on the grounde.  #
And whyll
they continued axynge him, he lyfte him selfe vp, and sayde     #
vnto them: let him
that is amonge you with out synne cast the fyrst stone at her.  #
And agayne  he 
stouped doune and wrote on the grounde. And assone as they      #
hearde that, they
went out one by one the eldest fyrst. And Iesus was lefte a     #
lone, and the 
woman stondynge in the myddes. When Iesus had lyfte vp him      #
selfe agayne, 
and sawe no man but the woman, he sayde vnto hyr. Woman, where  #
are those
thyne accusars? Hath no man condempned the? She sayde: No man   #
Lorde. 
And Iesus sayde: Nether do I condempne the. Goo, and synne no   #
moare. 
   Then spake Iesus agayne vnto them sayinge: I am the light    #
of the worlde. 
He that foloweth me shall not walke in darcknes: but shall      #
have the light of lyfe.
The pharises sayde vnto him: thou bearest recorde of thy sylfe  #
thy recorde is
not true. Iesus answered and sayde vnto them: Though I beare    #
recorde of my 
selfe yet my recorde is true: for I knowe whence I came and     #
whyther I goo.
But ye cannot tell whence I come, and whyther I goo. Ye iudge   #
after the flesshe.
I iudge noman, though I iudge yet is my iudgment true. For I    #
am not alone:
but I and the father that sent me. It is also written in youre  #
lawe, that the
testimony of two men is true. I am one that beare witnes of my  #
selfe, and the
father that sent me, beareth witnes of me. Then sayde they      #
vnto him: where is
thy father? Iesus answered: ye nether knowe me, nor yet my      #
father. Yf ye had
knowen me, ye shuld have knowen my father also.                 #
<P VIII,20>
These wordes spake Iesus 
in the tresury, as he taught in the temple, and noman layde     #
hondes on him, for
his tyme was not yet come. 
   Then sayde Iesus agayne vnto them. I goo my waye, and ye     #
shall seke me,
and shall dye in youre synnes. Whyther I goo, thyther can ye    #
not come. Then 
sayde the Iewes: will he kyll him selfe, because he sayth:      #
whyther I goo, thyther
can ye not come? And he sayde vnto them: ye are from beneth, I  #
am from 
above. Ye are of this worlde, I am not of this worlde. I sayde  #
therfore vnto you,
that ye shall dye in youre synnes. For except ye beleve that I  #
am he, ye shall
dye in youre synnes. 
   Then sayde they vnto him, who arte thou? And Iesus sayde     #
vnto them: 
Even the very same thinge that I saye vnto you. I have many     #
thinges to saye,
and to iudge of you. But he that sent me is true. And I speake  #
in the worlde, 
those thinges which I have hearde of him. They vnderstode not   #
that he spake
of his father. 
   Then sayde Iesus vnto them: when ye have lyft vp an hye the  #
sonne of man,
then shall ye knowe that I am he, and that I do nothinge of my  #
selfe: but as
my father hath taught me, even so I speake: and he that sent    #
me, is with me. 
The father hath not lefte me alone, for I do alwayes those      #
thinges that please
him. As he spake these wordes, many beleved on him. 
   Then sayde Iesus to those Iewes which beleved on him. If ye  #
continue 
in my wordes, then are ye my very disciples, and shall knowe    #
the trueth: and
the trueth shall make you free. They answered him: We be        #
Abrahams seede, 
and were never bonde to eny man: why sayest thou then, ye       #
shalbe made fre. 
Iesus answered them: verely verely I saye vnto you, that        #
whosoever committeth
synne, is the servaunt of synne. And the servaunt abydeth not   #
in the
housse for ever: But the sonne abydeth ever. If the sonne       #
therfore shall make 
you fre, then are ye fre in dede. I knowe that ye are Abrahams  #
seed: but ye 
seke meanes to kyll me, because my sayings have no place in     #
you. I speake
that I have sene with my father: and ye do that which ye have   #
sene with 
youre father. 
   They answered and sayde vnto him: Abraham is oure father.    #
Iesus sayde vnto 
them. If ye were Abrahams chyldren, ye wolde do the dedes of    #
Abraham. But
now ye goo about to kyll me a man that have tolde you the       #
truthe, which I have
herde of god: this dyd not Abraham. Ye do the dedes of youre    #
father. Then 
sayde they vnto him: we were not borne of fornicacion. We have  #
one father, 
which is God. Iesus sayde vnto them: yf God were youre father,  #
then wolde ye
love me. For I proceaded forthe and come from God. Nether came  #
I of my 
selfe, but he sent me. Why do ye not knowe my speache? Even     #
because ye
cannot abyde the hearynge of my wordes.    
   Ye are of youre father the devyll, and the lustes of youre   #
father ye will 
folowe. He was a murtherer from the beginnynge, and aboode not  #
in the trueth,
because ther is no trueth in him. When he speaketh a lye, then  #
speaketh he of 
his awne. For he is a lyar, and the father therof. And because  #
I tell you the
trueth, therfore ye beleve me not. 
   Which of you can rebuke me of synne? If I saye the trueth,   #
why do not ye 
beleve me? He that is of God, heareth goddes wordes. Ye         #
therfore heare them 
not, because ye are not of God. 
   Then answered the Iewes and sayde vnto him: Saye we not      #
well that thou
arte a Samaritane, and hast the devyll? Iesus answered: I have  #
not the devyll:
but I honour my father, and  ye have dishonoured me. I seke     #
not myne awne
prayse: but ther is one that seketh and iudgeth.
   Verely verely I saye vnto you, yf a man kepe my sayinges,    #
he shall never
se deeth. Then sayde the Iewes to him: Now knowe we that thou   #
hast the devyll.
Abraham is deed, and also the Prophetes: and yet thou sayest,   #
yf a man kepe my 
sayinge, he shall never tast of deeth. Arte thou greater then   #
oure father Abraham
which is deed? and the Prophetes are deed. Whome makest thou    #
thy selfe?
   Iesus answered: Yf I honoure my selfe, myne honoure is       #
nothinge worth.
It is my father that honoureth me, which ye saye, is youre      #
God, and ye have not
knowen him: but I knowe him. And yf I shuld saye, I knowe him   #
not, I shuld 
be a lyar lyke vnto you. But I knowe him, and kepe his          #
sayinge. 
   Youre father Abraham was glad to se my daye, and he sawe it  #
and reioysed. 
Then sayde the Iewes vnto him: thou arte not yet. l. yere       #
olde, and hast thou
sene Abraham? Iesus sayd vnto them: Verely verely I saye vnto   #
you: yer
Abraham was, I am. Then toke they vp stones, to caste at him.   #
But Iesus hid 
him selfe, and went out of the temple. 

<P IX,1>
[}THE. IX. CHA.}]

   And as Iesus passed by, he sawe a man which was blynde from  #
his birth. 
And his disciples axed him sayinge. Master, who dyd synne:      #
this man or his 
father and mother, that he was borne blynde?  Iesus answered:   #
Nether hath 
this man synned, nor yet his father and mother: but that the    #
workes of God 
shuld be shewed on him. I must worke the workes of him that     #
sent me, whyll it 
is daye. The nyght cometh when noman can worke. As longe as I   #
am in the 
worlde, I am the lyght of the worlde. 
   Assone as he had thus spoken, he spate on the grounde and    #
made claye of
the spetle, and rubbed the claye on the eyes of the blynde,     #
and sayde vnto him:
Goo wesshe the in the pole of Syloe, which by interpretacion,   #
signifieth sent.
He went his waye and wasshed, and cam agayne seinge. The        #
neghboures and 
they that had sene him before how that he was a begger, sayde:  #
is not this he
that sate and begged? Some sayde: this is he. Other sayd: he    #
is lyke him. But
he him selfe sayde: I am even he. They sayde vnto him: How are  #
thyne eyes 
opened then? He answered and sayde. The man that is Iesus,      #
made claye, 
and anoynted myne eyes, and sayd vnto me: Goo to the pole       #
Syloe and wesshe.
I went and wesshed and receaved my syght. They sayde vnto him:  #
where is he? 
He sayde: I cannot tell.
   Then brought they to the pharises, him that a lytell before  #
was blynde: 
for it was the Saboth daye when Iesus made the claye and        #
opened his eyes. Then 
agayne the pharises also axed him how he had receaved his       #
syght. He sayde
vnto them: He put claye apon myne eyes and I wasshed, and do    #
se. Then sayde 
some of the pharises: this man is not of God, because he        #
kepeth not the saboth
daye. Other sayde: how can a man that is a synner, do suche     #
myracles? And 
ther was stryfe amonge them. Then spake they vnto the blynde    #
agayne: What
sayst thou of him, because he hath openned thyne eyes? And he   #
sayd: He is a 
Prophet. 
   But the Iewes dyd not beleve of the felowe, how that he was  #
blynde and 
receaved his syght, vntyll they had called the father and       #
mother of him that had
receaved his syght. And they axed them saying: Is this youre    #
sonne, whome
ye saye was borne blynde? How doth he now se then?              #
<P IX,20>
His father and mother 
answered them and sayde: we wote well that this is oure sonne,  #
and that he 
was borne blynde: but by what meanes he now seith, that can we  #
not tell, or
who hath opened his eyes, can we not tell. He is olde ynough,   #
axe him, let him
answer for him selfe. Suche wordes spake his father and         #
mother, because they
feared the Iewes. For the Iewes had conspyred all redy that yf  #
eny man dyd
confesse that he was Christ, he shuld be excommunicat out of    #
the synagoge. 
Therfor sayde his father and mother: he is olde ynough, axe     #
him. 
   Then agayne called they the man that was blynde, and sayd    #
vnto him: 
Geve God the prayse: we know that this man is a synner. He      #
answered and 
sayde: Whyther he be a synner or noo, I cannot tell: One        #
thinge I am sure of, 
that I was blynde, and now I se. Then sayde they to him         #
agayne. What dyd he 
to the? How opened he thyne eyes? He answered them, I tolde     #
you yerwhyle, 
and ye dyd not heare. Wherfore wolde ye heare it agayne? Will   #
ye also be his
disciples? Then rated they him, and sayde: Thou arte his        #
disciple. We be Moses
disciples. We are sure that God spake with Moses. This felowe   #
we knowe not 
from whence he is. 
   The man answered and sayde vnto them: this is a merveleous   #
thinge that
ye wote not whence he is, seinge he hath opened myne eyes. For  #
we be sure
that God heareth not synners. But yf eny man be a worshipper    #
of God and 
do his will, him heareth he. Sence the worlde beganne was it    #
not hearde that
eny man opened the eyes of one that was borne blynd. If this    #
man were not 
of God, he coulde have done no thinge. They answered and sayd   #
vnto him:
thou arte altogeder borne in synne: and dost thou teache vs?    #
And they cast 
him out. 
   Iesus hearde that they had excommunicate him: and assone as  #
he had 
founde him, he sayd vnto him:  doest thou beleve on the sonne   #
of God? He 
answered and sayde: Who is it Lorde, that I myght beleve on     #
him? And Iesus
sayde vnto him: Thou hast sene him, and he it is that talketh   #
with the. And he 
sayde: Lorde I beleve: and worshipped him. Iesus sayde: I am    #
come vnto 
iudgement into this worlde: that they which se not, myght se,   #
and they which
se, myght be made blynde.                                       #
<P IX,40>
And some of the pharises which were with him, 
hearde these wordes and sayde vnto him: are we then blynde?     #
Iesus sayde vnto 
them: yf ye were blynde, ye shuld have no synne. But now ye     #
saye, we se, 
therfore youre synne remayneth.

<P X,1>
[}THE. X. CHAPTER.}]

   Verely verely I saye vnto you: he that entreth not in by     #
the dore, into the 
shepefolde, but clymeth vp some other waye: the same is a       #
thefe and a robber. 
He that goeth in by the dore, is the shepeherde of the shepe:   #
to him the porter
openeth, and the shepe heare his voyce, and he calleth his      #
awne shepe by name,
and leadeth them out. And when he hath sent forthe his awne     #
shepe, he goeth
before them, and the shepe folowe him: for they knowe his       #
voyce. A straunger 
they will not followe, but will flye from him: for they knowe   #
not the voyce of
straungers. This similitude spake Iesus vnto them. But they     #
vnderstode not what 
thinges they were which he spake vnto them. 
   Then sayde Iesus vnto them agayne. Verely verely I saye      #
vnto you: I am 
the dore of the shepe. All, even as many as came before me,     #
are theves and 
robbers: but the shepe dyd not heare them. I am the dore: by    #
me yf eny man 
enter in, he shalbe safe, and shall goo in and out and fynde    #
pasture. The thefe 
cometh not but forto steale, kyll and destroye. I am come that  #
they myght have
lyfe, and have it more aboundantly. 
   I am the good shepeheerd. The good shepeheerd geveth his     #
lyfe for the
shepe. An heyred servaunt, which is not the shepeherd, nether   #
the shepe are
his awne, seith the wolfe commynge, and leveth the shepe, and   #
flyeth, and the
wolfe catcheth them, and scattereth the shepe. The heyred       #
servaunt flyeth, 
because he is an heyred servaunt, and careth not for the        #
shepe. I am that
good shepeheerd, and knowe myne, and am knowen of myne. As my   #
father
knoweth me: even so knowe I my father. And I geve my lyfe for   #
the shepe:
and other shepe I have, which are not of this folde. Them also  #
must I bringe,
that they maye heare my voyce, and that ther maye be one        #
flocke and 
one shepeherde.
   Therfore doth my father love me, because I put my lyfe from  #
me, that I
myght take it agayne. No man taketh it from me: but I put it    #
awaye of my 
selfe. I have power to put it from me, and  have power to take  #
it agayne:
This commaundment have I receaved of my father. And ther was a  #
dissencion
agayne amonge the Iewes for these sayinges,                     #
<P X,20>
and many of them sayd.
He hath the devyll, and is mad: why heare ye him? Other sayde,  #
these are
not the wordes of him that hath the devyll. Can the devyll      #
open the eyes of
the blynde? 
   And it was at Ierusalem the feaste of the dedicacion, and    #
it was wynter:
and Iesus walked in Salomons porche. Then came the Iewes        #
rounde aboute him,
and sayde vnto him: How longe dost thou make vs doute? Yf thou  #
be Christ,
tell vs playnly. Iesus answered them: I tolde you and ye        #
beleve not. The workes
that I do in my fathers name they beare witnes of me. But ye    #
beleve not,
because ye are not of my shepe. As I sayde vnto you: my shepe   #
heare my voyce, 
and I knowe them, and they folowe me, and I geve vnto them      #
eternall lyfe, and
they shall never perisshe, nether shall eny man plucke them     #
oute of my honde. 
My father which gave them me, is greatter then all, and no man  #
is able to take
them out of my fathers honde. And I and my father are one. 
   Then the Iewes agayne toke vp stones, to stone him with      #
all. Iesus answered
them: many good workes have I shewed you from my father: for    #
which of 
them will ye stone me? The Iewes answered him sayinge. For thy  #
good workes 
sake we stone the not: but for thy blasphemy, and because that  #
thou beinge a 
man, makest thy selfe God. Iesus answered them: Is it not       #
written in youre lawe:
I saye, ye are goddes? If he called them goddes vnto whom the   #
worde of God
was spoken (and the scripture can not be broken) saye ye then   #
to him, whom
the father hath sainctified, and sent into the worlde, thou     #
blasphemest, because
I sayd I am the sonne of God? If I do not the workes of my      #
father, beleve me
not. But if I do though ye beleve not me, yet beleve the        #
workes, that ye maye
knowe and beleve that the father is in me, and I in him.
   Agayne they went aboute to take him: but he escaped out of   #
their hondes,
<P X,40>
and went awaye agayne beyonde Iordan, into the place where      #
Iohn before had
baptised, and there aboode. And many resorted vnto him, and     #
sayd. Iohn dyd
no miracle: but all thinges that Iohn spake of this man are     #
true. And many 
beleved on him theare.

<P XI,1>
[}THE. XI. CHAP.}]

   A Certayne man was sicke, named Lazarus of Bethania the      #
toune of Mary
and her sister Martha. It was that Mary which annoynted Iesus   #
with oyntment, 
and wyped his fete with her heere, whose brother Lazarus was    #
sicke, and his
sisters sent vnto him sayinge. Lorde behold, he whom thou       #
lovest, is sicke. 
When Iesus hearde that, he sayd: this infirmite is not vnto     #
deth, but for the
laude of God, that the sonne of God myght be praysed by the     #
reason of it. 
Iesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus. After he         #
hearde, that he was 
sicke, then aboode he two dayes still in the same place where   #
he was. 
   Then after that sayd he to his disciples: let vs goo into    #
Iewry agayne. His
disciples sayde vnto him. Master, the Iewes lately sought       #
meanes to stone the, 
and wilt thou goo thyther agayne? Iesus answered: are ther not  #
twelve houres
in the daye? Yf a man walke in the daye, he stombleth not,      #
because he seith the
lyght of this worlde. But yf a man walke in the nyght, he       #
stombleth, because
ther is no lyght in him. This sayde he, and after that, he      #
sayde vnto them: oure
frende Lazarus slepeth, but I goo to wake him out of slepe.     #
Then sayde his
disciples: Lorde yf he slepe, he shall do well ynough. How be   #
it Iesus spake of
his deeth: but they  thought that he had spoken of the          #
naturall slepe.  Then sayde
Iesus vnto them playnly, Lazarus is deed, and I am glad for     #
youre sakes, that I
was not there, because ye maye beleve. Neverthelesse let vs go  #
vnto him. Then
sayde Thomas which is called Dydimus, vnto the disciples: let   #
vs also goo, that
we maye dye with him.
   Then went Iesus, and founde, that he had lyne in his grave   #
foure dayes
already. Bethanie was nye vnto Ierusalem, aboute .xv. furlonges #
of, and many 
of the Iewes were come to Martha and Mary, to comforte them     #
over their 
brother.                                                        #
<P XI,20>
Martha assone as she hearde that Iesus was comynge,             #
went and 
met him: but Mary sate still in the housse. 
   Then sayde Martha vnto Iesus: Lorde yf thou haddest bene     #
here, my 
brother had not bene deed: but neverthelesse, I knowe that      #
whatsoever thou
axest of God, God will geve it the. Iesus sayde vnto her: Thy   #
brother shall ryse
agayne. Martha sayde vnto him: I knowe that he shall ryse       #
agayne in the 
resurreccion at the last daye. Iesus sayde vnto her: I am the   #
resurreccion and the
lyfe: He that beleveth on me, ye though he were deed, yet       #
shall he lyve. And 
whosoever lyveth and beleveth on me, shall never dye. Belevest  #
thou this?
She sayde vnto him: ye Lorde, I beleve that thou arte Christ    #
the sonne of god
which shuld come into the worlde. 
   And assone as she had so sayde, she went her waye and        #
called Marie her
sister secretly sayinge: The master is come and calleth for     #
the And she assone as
she hearde that, arose quickly, and came vnto him. Iesus was    #
not yet come into
the toune: but was in the place where Martha met him. The       #
Iewes then which 
were with her in the housse and comforted her, when they sawe   #
Mary that she
rose vp hastely, and went out, folowed her, saying: She goeth   #
vnto the grave,
to wepe there. 
   Then when Mary was come where Iesus was, and sawe him, she   #
fell doune
at his fete, sayinge vnto him: Lorde yf thou haddest bene       #
here, my brother
had not bene deed. 
   When Iesus sawe her wepe, and the Iewes also wepe, which     #
came with
her, he groned in the sprete, and was troubled in him selfe     #
and sayde: Where
have ye layed him? They sayde vnto him: Lorde come and se. And  #
Iesus 
wept. Then sayde the Iewes: Beholde howe he loved him. And      #
some of 
them sayde: coulde not he which openned the eyes of the         #
blynde, have made
also, that this man shuld not have dyed? Iesus agayne groned    #
in him selfe, and
came to the grave. It was a caue, and a stone layde on it. 
   And Iesus sayd: take ye awaye the stone. Martha the sister   #
of him that was
deed, sayd vnto him: Lorde by this tyme he stinketh. For he     #
hath bene deed 
foure dayes: Iesus sayde vnto her:                              #
<P XI,40> 
Sayde I not vnto the, that if thou didest
beleve, thou shuldest se the glory of God. Then they toke       #
awaye the stone from
the place where the deed was layde. And Iesus lyfte vp his      #
eyes and sayde: 
Father I thanke the because that thou hast hearde me. I wot     #
that thou hearest
me all wayes: but because of the people that stonde by I sayde  #
it, that they maye
beleve, that thou hast sent me. 
   And when he thus had spoken, he cryed with a loud voyce.     #
Lazarus come
forthe. And he that was deed, came forth, bounde hand and fote  #
with grave
bondes, and his face was bounde with a napkin. Iesus sayde      #
vnto them: loowse
him, and let him goo. Then many of the Iewes which came to      #
Mary, and had
sene the thinges which Iesus dyd, beleved on him. But some of   #
them went their
wayes to the Pharises, and tolde them what Iesus had done. 
   Then gadered the hye prestes and the Pharises a counsell,    #
and sayde: what
do we? This man doeth many miracles. Yf we let him scape thus,  #
all men will
beleve on him, and the Romaynes shall come and take awaye oure  #
countre and
the people. And one of them named Cayphas which was the         #
hieprest that same
yeare, sayde vnto them: Ye perceave nothinge at all nor yet     #
consider that it is
expedient for vs, that one man dye for the people, and not      #
that all the people
perisshe. This spake he not of him selfe, but beinge hye        #
preste that same yeare,
he prophesied that Iesus shulde dye for the people, and not     #
for the people
only, but that he shuld gader to geder in one the chyldren of   #
God which were
scattered abroode. From that daye forth they held a counsell    #
to geder, for to
put him to deeth. 
   Iesus therfore walked no more openly amonge the Iewes: but   #
went his 
waye thence vnto a countre nye to a wildernes, into a cite      #
called Ephraim, and 
there haunted with his disciples. And the Iewes ester was nye   #
at hand, and many
went out of the countre vp to Ierusalem before the ester, to    #
purify them selves. 
Then sought they for Iesus, and spake bitwene themselves as     #
they stode in the
temple: What thinke ye, seynge he commeth not to the feast.     #
The hye prestes
and Pharises had geven a commaundement, that yf eny man knew    #
where he
were, he shuld shewe it, that they myght take him. 



<B CELAW2>
<Q E2 STA LAW STAT4>
<N STATUTES IV>
<A X>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z STAT>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  STATUTES (IV).
THE STATUTES OF THE REALM.
PRINTED BY COMMAND OF HIS MAJESTY
KING GEORGE THE THIRD IN PURSUANCE 
OF AN ADDRESS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS 
OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. IV.
LONDON: DAWSONS OF PALL MALL, 1963 (1819).
SAMPLE 1:
IV, PP. 810.12  - 811.30  (A. D. 1588-9, CH.  12)
SAMPLE 2: 
IV, PP. 852.11  - 853.55  (A. D. 1592-3, CH.  6) 
SAMPLE 3:
IV, PP. 857.1   - 859.63  (A. D. 1592-3, CHS. 8-10) 
SAMPLE 4:
IV, PP. 1026.1  - 1027.35 (A. D. 1603-4, CHS. 8-9) 
SAMPLE 5:
IV, PP. 1028.1  - 1029.10 (A. D. 1603-4, CHS. 11-12) 
SAMPLE 6:
IV, P.  1058.10 - 1058.47 (A. D. 1603-4, CH.  29)
SAMPLE 7:
IV, PP. 1060.23 - 1061.56 (A. D. 1603-4, CH.  31)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P IV,810>
[}CHAPTER XII.}]

[}AN ACTE TO AVOYDE HORSE STEALINGE.}]

   Wheras through most Counties of this Realme Horstealinge is  #
growen so co~mon, as neither in Pastures or
Closes nor hardlie in Stables the same are to be in safety      #
from stealinge, whiche ensueth by the redye buyinge
of the same, by Horscorsers and others in some open Fayres or   #
Markett~ farr distant from the Owner, and withe
suche speede as the Owner cannot by pursuyte possiblie helpe    #
the same; And sondrie good Ordinaunc~ have
heretofore bene made touchinge the manner of sellinge and       #
tolinge of Horses Mares Gilding~ and Coult~ in Fayres
and Markett~, whiche have not wrought soe good effecte for the  #
repressinge or avoydinge of Horsestealinge as was
expected: Nowe, for a further Remedy in that Behalfe, Be it     #
enacted by the Authoritie of this p~sent Parliament,
That noe p~son after Twentie Dayes next after thende of this    #
Session of Parliament, shall in any Fayre or Markett
sell gyve exchange or put awaye anye Horse Mare Geldinge        #
Coulte or Fillie, unlesse the Tole taker there, or (where
noe Tole ys payde) the Booke keeper Baylif or Cheef Officer of  #
the same Fayre or Markett, shall and will take upon
him p~fecte knowledge of the p~son that soe shall sell or       #
offer to sell give or exchange any Horse Mare Geldinge
Coulte or Fillie, and of his true Xp~en Name Surname and place  #
of Dwellinge or Resyancye, and shall enter all the
same his knowledge into a Booke there kept for Sale of Horses;  #
or els that he soe sellinge or offeringe to sell give
exchange or put awaye anye Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or        #
Fillie, shall bringe unto the Toltaker or other Officer
aforesaide of the same Fayre or Markett, one sufficient and     #
credible p~son that can shall or will testifye and declare
unto and before suche Toltaker Booke keeper or other Officer,   #
that he knowethe the partie that soe sellethe givethe
exchaungeth or puttethe awaye suche Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte  #
or Fillie, and his true Name Surname Mysterie
and Dwellinge Place; And there enter or cause to be entered in  #
the Booke of the saide Toltaker or Officer aswell
the true Xp~en Name and Surname Mysterie and Place of           #
Dwellinge or Resyancye, of him that soe selleth giveth
exchangeth or putteth awaye suche Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or #
Fillie, as of him that so shall testifye or avouche
his kowledge of the same p~son, and shall also cause to be      #
entred the verie true price or value that he shall have
for the same Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or Fillie so soulde;    #
And that noe p~son shall take upon him to avouche
testifye or declare that he knoweth the Partie, that so shall   #
offer to sell give exchange or put awaye any suche
Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or Fillie, unlesse he doe indeede    #
trulie knowe the same Partie, and shall trulie declare
to the Toltaker or other Officer aforesaide aswell the Xp~en    #
Name Surname Mysterie and Place of Dwellinge and
Resiancy of himselfe, as of him of and for whome he makethe     #
suche Testimonye and Avouchement; And that noe
Toltaker or other p~son kepinge anye Booke of Entrie of Sales   #
of Horses in Fayres or Markett~, shall take or receve
any Tole, or make Entrie of any Sale Gifte Exchange or          #
puttinge awaye of any Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or Fillie,
unlesse he knoweth the Partie that soe selleth giveth           #
exchangeth or putteth awaye any suche Horse Mare Gildinge
Coulte or Fillie, and his true Xp~en Name Surname Misterie and  #
Place of his Dwellinge or Resiancye, or the Partie
that shall and will testifye and avouche his knowledge of the   #
same p~son so sellinge givinge exchanginge or puttinge 
away suche Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or Fillie, and his true   #
Xp~en Name Surname Mysterie and Place of Dwellinge
or Resiancy, and shall make a p~fecte Entrie into the saide     #
Booke of suche his knowledge of the p~son, and of the
Name Surname Mysterie and Place of the Dwellinge or Resiancy    #
of the same p~son, and also true price or value
that shalbe (\bona fide\) taken or had for anye suche Horse     #
Mare Gildinge Coulte or Fillie, so soulde given exchaunged
or put awaye so farr as he canne understande the same; and      #
then give to the Partie, so buyinge or takinge by Guyfte
Exchaunge or otherwise suche Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or      #
Fillie, requiringe and payinge Two Pence for the same,
a true and p~fecte Note in Writinge of all the full Content~    #
of the same subscribed withe his Hande: on payne that
everie p~son that soe shall sell give exchange or put awaye     #
anye Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or Fillie, without beinge
knowen to the Tol taker or other Officer aforesaide, or         #
without bringinge suche a Voucher or Witnes, causinge the
same to be entred as aforesaide, and everie p~son makinge anye  #
untrue Testymonye or Avouchement in the Behalfe
aforesaide, and everie Tol taker Booke keeper or other Officer  #
of Fayre or Markett aforesaide, offendinge in the
p~misses contrarie to the true meanynge aforesaide, shall       #
forfeyte for everie suche Defaulte the so~me of Fyve Pound~;
but also that everie Sale Guyfte Exchange or other puttinge     #
awaye of any Horse Mare Gildinge Coulte or Fillie, in
Fayre or Market not used in all poynt~ accordinge to the true   #
meaninge aforesaide, shalbe voyde; Thone halfe of all
whiche Forfeytures to be to the Quenes Majestie her Heires and  #
Successors, and thother halfe to him or them that will
sue for the same before the Justic~ of Peace, or in anye her    #
Majesties ordinarie Court~ of Recorde by Bill Playnte
Acc~on of Debte or Informac~on, in whiche noe Essoyne or        #
P~tecc~on shalbe allowed.
<P IV,811>
   And be it further enacted, That the Justic~ of Peace of      #
everie Place and Countie, aswell within Liberties
as without, shall have Authoritie in their Sessions, within     #
the Lymitt~ of their Authoritie and Co~mission,
to enquire here and determyne all Offences againste this        #
Statute, as they maye doe any other Matter triable
before them.

   And be it further Inacted, That if anye Horse Mare Geldinge  #
Coulte or Fillie, after Twentie Dayes next ensuynge
thende of this Session of Parliament, shalbe stolen, and after  #
shalbe soulde in open Fayre or Markett, and the same
Sale shalbe used in all Poynt~ and Circumstaunc~ as             #
aforesaide, that yet nevertheles the Sale of any suche Horse
Mare Geldinge Coulte or Fillie, within Sixe Monethes next       #
after the Fellonye done, shall not take awaye the P~pertie
of the Owner from whom the same was stolen, so as clayme be     #
made within Sixe Monethes, by the Partie from
whom the same was stolen, or by his Executors or                #
Admynistrators, or by any other by anye of their Appoyntment,
at or in the Towne or Parishe where the same Horse Mare         #
Gelding Coulte or Fillie shalbe founde, before the Maior
or other Hedd Officer of the same Towne or P~ishe, yf the same  #
Horse Mare Geldinge Coulte or Fillie shall happen to
be founde in any Towne Corporate or Markett Towne, or else      #
before any Justice of Peace of that Countie nere to the
Place where suche Horse Mare Geldinge Coulte or Fillie shalbe   #
founde, yf it be out of Towne Corporat or Markett
Towne, and so as proofe be made within Fortye dayes then nexte  #
ensuynge, by twoe sufficient Witnesses to be p~duced
and deposed before suche Head Officer or Justice, who by        #
virtue of this Acte shall have Authoritie to mynister an
Othe in that Behalfe, that the P~pertie of the same Horse Mare  #
Geldinge Coulte or Fillie so claymed was in the
Partie by or for whome suche Clayme ys made, and was stollen    #
from him within Sixe Monethes next before suche
Clayme of any suche Horse Geldinge Mare Coulte or Fillie; but   #
that the Partie, from whom the saide Horse Mare
Geldinge Coulte or Fillie was stolen, his Executors or          #
Admynystrators, shall and maye at all Tymes after,
notwithstandinge any suche Sale or Sales in anye Fayre or open  #
Markett thereof made, have P~pertie and Power
to have take agayne and enjoye the saide Horse Mare Geldinge    #
Coulte or Fillie, upon payment, or readynes or
offer to paye, to the Partie that shall have the Possession     #
and Interest of the same Horse Mare Geldinge Coulte 
or Fillie, yf he will receyve and accepte it, so muche Money    #
as the same Partie shall depose and swere before
suche Head Officer or Justice of Peace, whoe by vertue of this  #
Acte shall have Authoritie to mynister and gyve an
Othe in that behaulfe, that he paide for the same (\bona        #
fide\) , without Fraude or Collusion; Any Lawe Statute or
other Thinge to the contrarie thereof in any wise               #
notwithstandinge.

   And be it further enacted by the Authoritie aforesaid, That  #
after Twentie daies after thende of this Session of
Parliament, not onelie all Accessaries before such Fellonye     #
done, but also all Accessaries after suche Fellonye, shalbe
deprived and put from all Benefytt of their Cleargie, as the    #
Principall by Statute heretofore made is or ought to be.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P IV,852>
[}CHAPTER VI.}]

[}AN ACTE AGAISTE NEWE BUYLDING~.}]

   For the reformynge of the great Mischiefes and               #
Inconveniences that daylie growe and increase by reason of the
pesteringe of Houses with div~se Famylies, Harboringe of        #
Inmates, and convertinge of great Houses into sev~all
Ten~t~ or Dwellinges, and erectinge of newe Buylding~ within    #
the Citties of London Westm~ and other Places nere
therunto adjoyninge, wherby great Infection of Sicknes &        #
dearthe of Victualles and Fewell hathe growen and ensued,
and manye idle vagrante and wicked p~sons have harboured        #
themselfes there, and div~se remote places of the Realme
have bene disapointed of Workmen and dispeopled; The w=ch=      #
Enormyties and Defect~ her Majestie of her Wisdome
Princely Considerac~on and Care of her Subject~, by her         #
Highnes P~clamac~on dated at Nonsuche the seaventh daie of
Julie in the  xxij=th= yere of her Majesties Raigne, did        #
intend to reforme, untill some good order might be p~vided in
Parliament: Be it enacted by the aucthoritie of this p~sent     #
Parliament, That noe p~son or p~sons of what Estate Degree
or Condic~on soever, shall fromhensforth make and erecte anye   #
newe Buildinge or Buildinges House or Houses for
habitac~on or dwellinge, within either of the saide Citties,    #
or within thre myles of anye of the Gates of the said Cittie
of London, Excepte it be to enlarge his or their House or       #
Houses that so shall builde the same, or to add some other
Buylding~ to his or their Houses, or in their Gardens for the   #
more ease or pleasure of the Buylder; or that suche
newe House or Ten~te shalbe fytt for the Habitac~on or          #
Dwellinge of suche a person as heretofore hath bene assessed
to or for the Subsidie to her Majestie at Five poundes in       #
Good~ or Thre poundes in Landes at the last Assessement
next before the saide newe Building~, or shalbe judged by the   #
Two next Justic~ of Peace, by writinge under their
Hand~ and Seales to be p~sented at the next Quarter Sessions,   #
to be fytt and able to be assessed in the Subsidie,
accordinge to that rate if before that tyme he hath not bene    #
so assessed; or except anye suche newe Buildinge shalbe
made for anye Hospitall for Relief of the Pore; upon payne to   #
forfeit for ev~ye suche Offence quarterlie, the
so~me of Fyve poundes.

   And further be it enacted, That noe p~son or p~sons, of      #
what Estate Degree or Condic~on soever, shall at any tyme
hereafter converte or devide any Dwellinge House or other       #
Buylding~, nowe erected and builded or hereafter to be
erected and builded within the Citties and Places aforesaide,   #
or any of them, into div~se and sev~all Habitac~ons or
Dwelling~ for sev~all and div~se Famylies; excepte everie       #
sev~all House soe devided shalbe fytt for the Habitac~on or
Dwellinge of suche a p~son as heretofore hathe bene assessed to #
or for the Subsidie to her Majestie at Fyve Poundes
in Goodes or Thre Pound~ in Landes, at the Subsidie next        #
before such Devision, or by twoe Justices of Peace 
next adjoy~ing, by Writinge under their Handes and Seales to    #
be p~sented at the next Quarter Sessions, shalbe thought
fytt and able to be assessed in the Subsidie according to that  #
Rate; upon payne to forfeyte for everie suche Offence,
yf any other p~son under that value shall inhabite suche        #
House, the some of Fyve Poundes for everie Moneth;
to be paide by that p~son that shall p~mytt the House devided   #
to be inhabited. And be it enacted also, That everie
p~son being not of suche value w=ch= shall herafter dwell or    #
inhabite in anye suche House so to be newe builded
converted or devided as aforesaide, shall forfeyte for everie   #
Moneth that he or she shall dwell or inhabite in the
same, the some of Fyve Poundes.

   And be it further enacted by the aucthoritie aforesaide,     #
That noe p~son or p~sons inhabitinge & dwelling within
the Citties and Places aforesaide, shall after Twentie Daies    #
next ensuynge this Session of Parliament, receyve or take
into his or their House or Houses any Inmate or Undersitter or  #
Inmates or Undersitters; upon payne to forfeyte for
everie monethe that he she or they shall have & kepe or         #
willinglie suffer in his her or their House or Houses
anye suche Inmate or Undersitter, cont=a=rie to the true        #
meaninge of this Acte, the some of Fyve Poundes as is
aforesaide: Provided, That this Braunche of this Acte, or any   #
thinge therin conteyned, shall not extend to any
p~son or p~sons for takinge or receyvinge into his her or       #
their House or Houses any p~son or p~sons w=ch= is or shalbe
assessed in the Subsidie at Fyve Poundes in Goodes or Thre      #
Poundes in Landes or Fees, or shalbe thought able and
fytt to paye suche a Rate in Subsidie as is aforesaide.

   And Whereas div~se Comons Waste Groundes and Great Fieldes   #
nere adjoyninge to the Citties aforesaid w=ch= have
bene heretofore used for trayninge and musteringe of            #
Souldiors, and for recreac~on comforte & health of the People
inhabitinge the saide Citties and Places, and for the use and   #
ex~cise of Archerie, have of late yeres bene inclosed and
<P IV,853>
converted into sev~alties and to other private uses: Be it      #
enacted by the aucthoritie aforesaide, That it shall not be
laufull to any p~son or p~sons to inclose or take in any parte  #
of the Co~mons or Waste Groundes scituate lienge or beinge
within thre Myles of any of the Gates of the saide Cittie of    #
London, nor to sever of devide by any Hedge Ditche
Pale or otherwise, anye of the saide Fieldes lyinge within      #
thre Myles of any of the Gates of the saide Cittie of London
as aforesaide, to the let or hindraunce of the traynyng or      #
musteringe of Souldiors or of walkinge for recreac~on comforte
and health of her Majesties People, or of the laudable ex~cise  #
of shotinge where there hathe bene usuall ex~cise of
shotinge and Mark~ have bene there sett; upon payne to forfeyt  #
for everie Moneth that he or they or any of them
shall kepe anye parte of the saide Co~mons or Waste Groundes    #
inclosed or taken in for everie suche Inclosure, Five
Poundes, and for ev~ye Moneth that he or they shall kepe anye   #
parte of anye of the same Fieldes severed or devided
for everie suche Offence Fyve Poundes: The one moytie of all    #
w=ch= Paynes Penalties and so~mes of Money to be forfeyted
by vertue of this Acte shalbe to the Churchewardens of all and  #
ev~ye Parishe and Parishes where the sev~all Offenc~
shalbe co~mitted, to be ymployed by them, withe Consent of the  #
more parte of the Parisheners beinge Householders,
to the use of the Pore of the Parishe or Parishes, and thother  #
moytie to him or them that will sue for the same
by Acc~on of Debte Bill Playnte or Informac~on in any of the    #
Quenes Majesties Court~ of Recorde, in w=ch= Sute noe
Essoyne Protecc~on Writt of Priviledge or Wager of Lawe shalbe  #
admytted or allowed.

   And for the better Relief of the Pore in sev~all Parishes    #
where any of the Offenc~ aforesaide shalbe co~mytted,
Be it also enacted, That the Churchewardens of ev~ye sev~all    #
Parishe (if they shall not be herin Offendors) where anye
of the Offences aforesaide shalbe co~mytted, and if they be     #
Offendors then the Curate of the Parishe withe twoe other
honeste men of the same Parishe being Housholders, shall have   #
full power and aucthoritie by vertue of this Acte to
enter into all and everie House and Houses and other place and  #
places where anye Offence shalbe co~mytted againste
the true meaning of this Acte, and there to distreyne for the   #
moytie of all and everie suche so~me and so~mes of Money
as shalbe forfeyted by vertue of this Acte, and the Distresse   #
and Distresses to deteyne untill suche moytie of the
so~me and so~mes of Money so to be forfeyted shalbe trulie      #
satisfied and payed accordinge to the true intent and
meaninge hereof. 

   Provided alwaies, That this Acte or any thinge therin        #
conteyned shall not extend to take awaye p~judice or
impeache anye good Usag~ or Customes, heretofore used in the    #
Citties of London and Westm~ or eyther of them, for
the reformynge or punyshinge any of Offenc~ aforesaide; nor to  #
any Lorde or Lordes havinge lib~tie to kepe a
Leete for punyshinge of any Thoffenc~ afore mencioned within    #
the Jurisdicc~on of his Leete, as they might have done
before this Statute.

   Provided also, That notwithstanding any thinge in this Acte  #
conteyned it shall and maye be laufull for ev~ye suche
Marriner Sayler or Shipwright, as shalbe allowed by the Lorde   #
Admyrall and the Masters and Companye of Trinitye
House for the tyme beinge in Writing under their Handes &       #
Seales, to contynue his Habitac~on in any House that
hath bene buylte sithen the saide P~clamac~on nere to the       #
Thames syde, serving onelie for the Habitac~on of suche
Marriner Sayler or Shipwright, and not to be used for any       #
Victuallinge House, nor for any Storehouse for anye
Merchaundise, savinge suche as shall apperteyne to the arminge  #
or apparellinge of Shippes; And likewise that anye
Marriner Sailor or Shipwright maie hereafter builde any House,  #
for suche purpose and for no other, on or nere the
Thames side, so as it be distant from the verie Wharfe or       #
Bancke thirtie Foote, soe as people may passe betwixte
the saide Houses and the saide Banke and the Thames; And soe    #
as in the newe building therof ev~ye House hereafter
to be builded maie be distant from any other House above        #
twentie Foote to avoide casualtie of Fier, and soe as also
that there be noe newe Landinge place or Staires made to take   #
upp and laye to Lande, or to laye from Lande in
any Boate or Shippe, anye Wares or m~chaundizes.

   And to avoide Doubt~ that maie arise by reason of this       #
Acte, Be it further enacted and declared by thauctoritie
aforesaide, That two Justic~ of Peace inhabiting next to any    #
of the Houses or Ten~t~ aforesaide, shall have full Power
by vertue of this Acte, to decyde and determyne whether ev~ye   #
p~ticuler House or Ten~te before mencioned be sufficient
and convenient for Habitac~on of a man assessed or fytt to be   #
assessed to the Subsidie for her Majestie at Fyve Poundes
in Goodes or Thre Pound~ in Landes; and whether the             #
Inhabitante in any such House or Ten~te be of value or
substance to be assessed in the Subsidie accordinge to the      #
Rates aforesaid; And that a Myle shalbe reckoned and taken
in this manner and noe otherwise, That is to saye, a Myle to    #
conteyne Eight Furlong~, and everie Furlonge to conteyne
Fortie Lugg~ or Poles, and ev~y Lugg or Pole to conteyne        #
Sixtene Foote and Halfe.

   Be it further enacted, That for avoidinge of colorable       #
contynuyng of Inmates againste thintenc~on of this Acte 
by p~tence of any Leases or States made to them, the saide      #
Inmat~ p~tending anye Leases shall at the next Leete or
Courte to be helde in the Mannor or Place where the Houses      #
inhabited by Inmat~ are scituate, shall p~duce his or her
Lease, and therof make good proofe before the Stewarde of the   #
Leete or Courte and the Jurie, w=ch= if he shall not doe
then the said Inmate to be forthwith removed as above is        #
mencioned. This Acte to endure for seaven yeres, and
afterward~ untill thend of the Session of Parliament then next  #
ensuynge.
 
<S SAMPLE 3>
<P IV,857>
[}CHAPTER VIII.}]

[}AN ACTE AGAINSTE DECEITFULL MAKING OF CORDAGE.}]

   Forasmuch as ys founde by co~men Experience that sundrie     #
p~sons usinge the Trade of making Cables Halsers
and other kinde of Cordage within this Realme, have of late     #
for their private lucre and gayne used to make
the same of oulde caste and overworne Cables Halsors and        #
Cordage; and yet have craftelye and deceytfullie uttered
and soulde the same, beinge tarred, as newe good and stronge,   #
& as made of newe and p~fecte stuffe, coveringe and
hydinge the false and corrupte makinge thereof by tarringe of   #
them before [^SOURCE TEXT: the mbefore^] the same putt to sale, #
by reason whereof
not onely div~se Shippes Vesselles & Goodes aswell of her       #
Majesties as of sundrie her Highnes Subjectes, but also the
Lyves of div~se of her saide Subjectes have bene loste p~ished  #
and caste awaye: For Remedy thereof, and for the
avoydinge of suche great losses inconveniences and daungers as  #
myghte otherwise hereafter ensue, by suche corrupte
false and deceytfull makinge of Cables Halsers and other        #
Cordage as ys aforesaide, Be it enacted by the Quenes
most Excellent Majestie the Lordes Sp~uall & Temporall and the  #
Co~mons in this p~sent Parliament assembled, and by
the Authoritie of the same, That yf any p~son or p~sons shall   #
after Fortie daies next after the ende of this Session
of Parliament, make or cause to be made any Cables of any olde  #
and overworn Stuffe w=ch= shall conteyne above
seaven ynches in compasse, Then everie p~son soe offendinge     #
shall forfeyte and lose fower tymes the value of everie
suche Cable so by him or her made or cause to be made as ys     #
aforesaide; And if any p~son or p~sons after the
saide Fortie dayes next after thend of this Session of          #
Parliament shall tarre or cause to be tarred any Halsers or
other Cordage made within this Realme of suche olde and         #
overworn Stuffe as aforesaide, beinge of lesser Assise and
not conteyni~ge in compasse seaven ynches, and shall after by   #
waye of retayle sell or put to sale, or cause to be
solde or put to sale, the same beinge so tarred, that everie    #
p~son soe offendinge shall forfeite and lose the treble
value of ev~ye Cable Halser and other Cordage beinge of lesser  #
Assise, and made of suche olde and overworn Stuffe
as is aforesaide, whiche shalbe so soulde or putt to sale       #
beinge tarred as aforesaide; the one moytie of all whiche
Forfeytures shalbe to the Quenes Majestie her Heires and        #
Successors, and the other moytie to suche p~son or p~sons
as will sue for the same by Acc~on of Debte Bill Playnte or     #
Informac~on, wherein noe Essoyne P~tecc~on or Wager of
Lawe shall be allowed: And Furthermore, That everie p~son       #
w=ch= shall in any wise offende againste the tenor and
meaninge of this Acte, shalbe ymprisoned for the same duringe   #
her Majesties pleasure.

[}CHAPTER IX.}]

[}AN ACTE TOUCHINGE BREDTH OF CLOTHES.}]

   Whereas in the Parliament holden at Westm~ in the fyfte and  #
sixt yeres of the Raigne of our late Soveraigne
Lorde Kinge Edwarde the Sixte, one Statute was made, intituled  #
An Acte for the true makinge of Wollen
Clothe, wherebie amonge other thing~ it was inacted, That all   #
broade Plunckett~ Azures Blewes and other coloured
Clothe w=ch= after the Feast of S=t= Michaell the Archaungell   #
then next ensuynge shoulde be made within the Shires of
Wiltshire Glowcester or Som~sett, or elswhere of like makinge,  #
shoulde conteyne in lenghe, beinge thoroughe wett,
betwixte fyve and twentye and eight and twentye yardes, yearde  #
and ynche of the Rule, and shoulde be seaven
quarters within the List~ at the leaste, and lysted accordinge  #
to the auncient Custome, and beinge well scowred thicked
mylled and fullie dried, shoulde weighte threscore and eight    #
pounde the peece at the least, as by the saide Acte
amonge div~se Clauses Articles and P~visions conteyned in the   #
same more playnelie is exp~ssed; sithence the makinge
of w=ch= saide Statute, althoughe the makers of the said        #
coloured Clothes have endevoured themselves accordinge to
their best skill and industrie to p~forme and fulfill the       #
saide recited Statute in everie of their Clothes asmuche as in
them did lye, as touchinge the bredthe of Clothes, and to       #
thend & purpose have allowed and doe allowe so muche
Yearne and Stuffe to ev~y suche Clothe as myght sufficientlie   #
serve to make all the saide coloured Clothes full out in
lenghe bredthe and weight accordinge to the saide Statute made  #
in the fyfte and sixt yeres of Kinge Edwarde the
Sixt; Yet notwithstandinge manye tymes by reason of the div~se  #
natures in the Woolles, and by the greate div~sities 
in the spynnynge cardinge and myllinge, manye of the saide      #
coloured Clothes made within the saide Countie of
Som~sett, and elswhere of like makinge, doe not conteyne full   #
seaven quarters in bredthe, accordinge to the saide Statute
made in the fifte and sixt yeres of Kinge Edwarde the Sixte,    #
and yet noe defaulte touchinge the saide bredthe can
justlie be imputed to the maker therof, for that the saide      #
Clothmakers, (as Experience daylie sheweth,) cannot observe
the saide former Statute in all the saide Clothes, as           #
touchinge the bredthe, althoughe they indevor themselves never
so muche thereunto; w=ch= Clothes not conteyninge their full    #
Assize in bredthe as is aforesaid, are many tymes taken &
seised by the serchers of London when they come to their        #
Markett at Blackwell Hall, to the great losse and damage
of the saide Clothemakers, and to the great hindraunce of       #
Clothe makinge within the saide Countye: In Considerac~on
whereof, albeyt it is not hereby intended to repeale or make    #
voide the saide former recited Statute otherwise then ys
hereafter exp~ssed, yet nevertheles be it enacted by the        #
Quenes most Excellent Majestie withe Thassent of the Lordes
Sp~uall and Temporall and the Co~mons of this p~sent            #
Parliament assembled, and by the Authoritie of the same,
That noe p~son or p~sons shalbe hereafter chardged for any      #
suche defaulte w=ch= hereafter shalbe in any of the saide
<P IV,858>
broade Plunkett~ Azures Blewes or other coloured Clothes, for   #
want of bredthe of seaven quarters, so that the same
Clothe doe conteyne in bredthe, beinge throughlie wett, sixe    #
quarters and an halfe at the least within the List~
unwrought and lysted accordinge to the auncient Custome; Any    #
Thinge in the saide former recited Statute mencioned
to the cont=a=rie in anye wise notwithstandinge.

   Provided alwaies and be it enacted by the authoritie         #
aforesaide, That if any of the saide Clothes shall not conteyne
Sixe Quarters and a Halfe at the leaste within the List~ as is  #
aforesaide, that then ev~y p~son offendinge in that behalfe
shall for everie suche Clothe be subjecte to suche Paynes       #
Penalties and Forfeytures as were, by force of the former
recited Statute of the Fyfte and Sixte yeres of Kinge Edwarde   #
the Sixte, to have bene forfeyted for want of Bredthe
of Seaven Quarters within the List~.

   And be it nevertheles inacted by thaucthoritie aforesaide,   #
That if anye of the saide brode Plunckett~ Azures Blewes
or other coloured Clothes, beinge well scowred thicked mylled   #
and fullie dried, shall conteyn in weight any lesse
then threscore and eight poundes at the leste, that then        #
everie of the saide Clothiers therin offendinge shall incurr
doble suche Penaltyes and Forfeytures, for everie Pounde soe    #
wantinge of the saide Weight, and not weyinge after
suche rate as ys before exp~ssed in and by the saide Statute    #
made in the Fyfte and Sixt yeres of Kinge Edwarde the
Sixte, ys lymitted and appoynted.

   And be it nevertheles enacted by the authoritie aforesaide,  #
That if anye of the Clothes to be made w=th=in the
Countie of Som~sett, or elswhere of lyke makinge, called        #
Plunkett~ Azures and Blewes, beinge well scowred thicked
mylled and fullie dried, shall conteyne in Weighte anye lesse   #
then threscore and eight poundes at the least, or yf any
of the saide Clothes shall conteyne in Lengh~e any more then    #
xxvij=tie= yeardes at the most, that then ev~y of the same
Clothyers therin offendinge shall incurr double suche           #
Penaltyes and Forfeytures for ev~y pounde so wantinge, as by    #
the
saide Statute of the Fyfte and Sixte yeres of the Raigne of     #
Kinge Edwarde the Sixte, are to suche Default~ lymitted
and appoynted; And for ev~y yarde that anye suche Clothe shall  #
conteyne above xxvij=tie= yard~ in Lengthe, and not
weyinge after suche rate as ys before expressed, the Maker of   #
everie suche Clothe shall incurre dowble the Penalties
bye the Statute of the Fowrthe and Fyfte yeres of the Reignes   #
of Kinge Philipp & Quene Marie to suche Default~
lymitted and appoynted.

[}CHAPTER X.}]

[}AN ACTE TO REFORME ABUSES IN CLOTHES.}]

   In theire moste humble and dutyfull wise shewen and          #
beseechen your Highnes your true and faithfull Subject~ the
Clothiers Merchaunt~ and Chapmen of your Countie of Devon and   #
of the Counties adjoyninge, That where in   
the Moneth of Januarie in the fower and thirtieth yere of your  #
Majesties most happie Raigne, aswell at the humble
Suyte and Petic~on of sundrie your saide Subjectes, as upon     #
c~tificate of div~se Justices in your Highnes saide Countie
of Devon, and uppon Complaynte of the States of Hollande, It    #
pleased your Highnes, with thadvise of your most
Honorable Privie Counsell, by your Highnes P~clamac~on, for     #
the Reformac~on of thinsufficiencies growen in the Clothes
called Devonshire Kersies or Dozens, (a Co~modity heretofore    #
in great Request Priese and Estimac~on bothe amongest
your naturall Subject~ and in forreyn Nacions and Countries,)   #
but of late marvailouslie (and not without occasion)
discredited by the Invenc~ons and newe Devises of the Weavers   #
Tuckers and Artificers, to co~maunde that the Lawes
before that tyme made and standinge in force not repealed for   #
and concerninge the p~misses, shoulde be duely 
accomplished in all Thing~; and that everie Officer shoulde     #
diligentlie p~forme his Office accordinglie, and that the
weight of the saide Kersies or Dozens beinge rawe, and          #
wroughte with clean Stuffe without any deceitfull Addic~on
shoulde weigh fyftene pound~ and conteyne in the Markett at     #
the least betwene fiftene and sixtene yardes in Lengh~e,
and that the same shoulde be sewantly woven throughout of like  #
sorted Yarne, forbiddinge all other Deceipt~
in Weaving, and all dymynishinge and unreasonable drawinge      #
stretchinge and other Deceipt~ in Tuckers; And that
eche Weaver shoulde weave his Shopm~ke in eche Dozen, and a     #
Purrell in eche ende thereof, and that Officers shoulde
be appoynted in Markett Townes to viewe weighe and trie the     #
same Kersies whether they were in Lengh~e Weight or
Goodnes, according to the rate and p~porc~on set forthe in the  #
same P~clamac~on; the same P~clamac~on to endure till the
firste daye of this p~sent Parliament, as by the same more at   #
large maye appere: Nowe moste gracious Soveraigne,
Forasmuche as by the saide P~clamac~on greate order and better  #
makinge of the saide Clothes for Weight and Lengh~e
thereof hathe ensued, and to thend that hereafter further       #
Discoverie and Restrainte of all Abuses and Deceipt~ cont=a=rie
to the former Lawes and Statut~ of this Realme may be p~vided   #
for, to the revivinge of the Reputac~on of so good
p~fitable and necessarie a Co~moditie; It may please your       #
Majestie with thassent of the Lordes Sp~uall and Temporall and
the whole Co~monaltie assembled in this p~sent Parliament and   #
by thaucthoritie of the same, That it maye be enacted
and established as followeth; That is to saye, That from and    #
after the firste daye of Julye nowe next co~myng, eyche
Kersey called Devonshire Kersey or Dozen w=ch= shalbe made and  #
woven within the saide Countie of Devon, or any
other Countie next adjoyninge therunto, beinge rawe unscowred   #
untucked & unwett as yt cometh from the Weavers
Beame, and beinge made of cleane and p~fecte Stuffe, That is    #
to witt of Woolle shorne clensed and throughlye wasshed
or scowred after the shearinge and before the weavinge,         #
without anye Fraude Deceipte Pollicie or Devise, or any Stuffe
thereunto deceytfullye or unlaufullye added, in the workinge    #
or after the workinge thereof, for the increase of the
Weight, shall weighe in the Markett fyftene poundes or          #
upward~; And that from and after the saide first day of Julye
<P IV,859>
ev~ye rawe Devonshire Kersey or Dozen from thenceforth to be    #
woven and made in the saide Countie of Devon, or anye
of the other Counties adjoyninge, beinge a rudge washe Kersey,  #
that is to saye, beinge made of Fleece Wooll wasshed only
on the Sheepes Back~, and the Wooll not beinge clensed washed   #
and scowred after it is shorne and before it is woven,
shall (without any Fraude Deceipte Pollicie Device or Addic~on  #
of Stuffe whatsoever to increase the Weighte thereof)
weighe in the Markett seventene poundes at the least beinge     #
rawe as it cometh of the Weavers Beame; And eiche
and everie of the same Devonshire Kersies or Dozens so being    #
rawe and as it cometh forthe of the Weavers
Loome, (without rackinge stretching streyning or other Devise   #
to increase the Lengh therof,) shall conteyne
in Lengthe betwene Fiftene and Sixtene yeardes by the measure   #
of yearde and ynche by the Rule, without
w=ch= Observac~on of Weight beinge rawe, they cannot fall out,  #
(after they be well scowred thicked and fullie dried,)
to conteyne the lengthe and weight exp~ssed and lymitted in     #
the Statute of the fourth and fyveth yeres of Phillipp
and Marie, viz. Twelve yerdes in lengh~e and Twelve pound~ in   #
Weight, as hathe bene sufficientlie made knowen and
testified to your Highnes saide Privie Counsell before the      #
saide P~clamac~on: And yf any Weaver shall worke or make
any of the saide kindes of Kersies of lesse Weight or Measure   #
then ys before mencioned after their kinde, everie
suche Offendor shall forfeite for ever~ quarter of a pounde in  #
Weight w=ch= anye of the saide rawe Kersies or Dozens
w=ch= shalbe broughte to any Markett or soulde or offered to    #
be soulde, shall want of their Weight aforesaide, Twelve
pence, and for everie quarter of a yarde w=ch= shalbe wantinge  #
in lengh~e of either sorte of the saide Kersies likewise
beinge soulde or offerred to be soulde, Twelve pence; And that  #
eche sorte of the saide Kersyes or Dozens shalbe
sewantly woven throughout of well and like sorted yarne, and    #
that no Weaver shall use any div~sitie in the bignes
or goodnes of his yearne in any parte of the saide Kersies,     #
savinge onelye in the Lyst~, nor use anye other practise
in edginge or weavinge of any the same Kersies or Dozens, to    #
make the same seme fyner nere the Edge or Liste then
in other parte of the same Clothe.

   And that it maye be further Inacted by the authoritie        #
aforesaide, That eiche Weavor shall weave his shopm~ke of
some coloured Yarne in thend of everie Kersey, w=ch= he shall   #
hereafter weave or make, and shall also at eche end of
everie of the same Kersies weave one Purrell likewise of        #
coloured Yarne of the bredthe of Thre Quarters of an Ynche
at the leaste, wherbye the deceitfull cuttinge and              #
dymynishinge of suche Clothes by Tuckers or Fullers heretofore
used, may hencforthe be p~vented; And if any Weaver shall use   #
any Deceipte in mynglinge his Yearne, or shall omytt
his shopm~ke, or shall not weave in everie Kersey Two Purrells, #
accordinge to the tenor of this Acte, he shall forfeyt and
lose for everie Offence to the cont=a=rie, Tenne Shilling~.

   And to thend that the weight and goodnes of all the saide    #
Kersies called Dozens beinge rawe may be the better
and more certenlie knowen, it may further be enacted, That noe  #
Weaver nor any p~son whatsoever shall offer
or put to sale any of the same Rawe Kersies called Dozens,      #
before the same have bene viewed weighed and marked in
some Cittie Towne Corporate or Marked Towne, and allowed by     #
suche Officer, and marked withe suche Mark~ as
shalbe there in suche Cittie or Towne used and appoynted for    #
that purpose; upon payne to forfeyt and loose for
everie Clothe soulde or offered to be soulde to the             #
cont=a=rie, Tenne Shilling~, thone Halfe of all w=ch=           #
Forfeytures shalbe
to the use of your Highnes your Heires and Successors, and      #
thother Halfe to the principall Officer or Magistrate of the
Cittie Towne Corporate or Markett Towne next adjoyninge to the  #
dwellinge or workinge Place of suche Weavers as
shall offende in any of the p~misses, yf he the same Officer    #
or Magistrate shall firste make Seisure therof, or els to
the principall Officer of that Cittie Towne Corporate or        #
Markett Towne where the same shalbe soulde or offered to
be soulde, to be recovered by Acc~on of Debte Bill Playnte      #
Informac~on with Cost~, in anye Courte of Recorde,
wherin noe P~tection Wager of Lawe or Essoyne shalbe allowed.

   And for the better Discoverie of the Offences aforesaide     #
and the more p~fecte accomplisshing of the p~misses,
it may be also enacted, That the principall Officer or          #
Magistrate for the tyme beinge in everie Cittie Towne Corporate
or Markett Towne of the saide Countie, or of any other of the   #
Counties adjoyninge, where any suche Kersies called
Devonshire Kersies or Dozens nowe are or hereafter shalbe       #
woven made offered or put to sale, shall everie yere
from henceforthe appoynte and have in redynes at all tymes      #
nedefull, two or more discreete p~sons w=ch= shalbe
speciall and knowen Officers and Searchers, w=ch= shall attend  #
and shalbe at his and their entrie in his or their saide
Office sworne, duringe his and their contynuance in the saide   #
Office trulye to viewe weyghe & marke eiche Kerseye
called a Dozen, in suche Cittie or Towne, or any of them, made  #
soulde or offered to be soulde or put to
sale, and to p~sent eche Offence or Defecte w=ch= shall there   #
fall out cont=a=rie to the true meaninge of this Statute;
everie whiche Sercher or Officer so to be hereafter appoynted   #
for this purpose in any suche Cittie Towne Corporate
or Markett Towne, shall by force of this Acte have power and    #
authoritie to enter in the daye tyme into all Shoppes
Warehouses Workehouses and other places convenient of the same  #
Cittie or Towne where he or they shalbe soe
appoynted, there to viewe searche and see whether any Kersey    #
or Dozen be made soulde or offered to be soulde
cont=a=rie to the true meaninge of this Acte; And also to see   #
what Paynes Penalties and Forfeytures shalbe growen due
to her Majestie by any Weaver Seller or Buyer within the        #
Lib~ties and p~cinct~ of the same Towne, takinge onlye of
and for the weying and markinge of everie Kersey, a Farthinge   #
for his paynes, and so accordinge to the nomber
and noe more, w=ch= Farthinge uppon everie Kersey is to be      #
payde by the Seller of the same Kersey; And if suche
Serchers and Officers shall not be yerelie appointed and        #
attendante at all tymes reasonable and convenient, or shall
neglecte his or their dutyes in the true serche weighinge and   #
markinge of the saide Kerseis, or any of them, or shall
marke anye one Kersey w=ch= want~ of his weight as is           #
aforesaide, That then and in everie suche Case the Chief        #
Magistrate
of everie suche Cittie and Towne, shall forfeyt and loose for   #
everie suche Offence of their Sercher or Serchers
Twentie Shilling~, and for everie Market Daye they shall wante  #
two or one at the least of suche Serchers the so~me
of Fourtie Shilling~, to be levied as hereafter is exp~ssed.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P IV,1026>
[}CHAPTER VIII.}]

[}AN ACTE TO MAKE AWAYE THE BENEFITE OF CLERGIE FROM SOME KINDE #
OF MANSLAUGHTER.}]

   To the ende that stabbinge and killinge men on the           #
suddaine, done and co~mitted by manie inhumaine and
wicked p~sons in the tyme of theire rage drunkennesse hidden    #
dislpeasure, or other passion of minde, contrarie
to the co~mandement of Almightie God and the co~mon Peace and   #
Tranquilitie of this Realme, may from henceforthe
be restrained, through feare of due punishment to be inflicted  #
on suche cruell and bloodie Malefactors, whoe heretofore
have bene thereunto imboldened by presuming on the benefit of   #
Cleargie; Be it therefore enacted by the King~ moste
excellent Majestie, the Lord~ Spirituall and Temporall, and the #
Co~mons in this p~sente Parliament assembled, That
everie p~son and p~sons which after one moneth nexte ensuinge   #
the end of this p~sent Session of Parliament, shall
stabbe or thruste any p~son or persons that hathe not then any  #
weapon drawne, or that hathe not then firste striken
the partie which shall soe stabbe or thruste, soe as the        #
person or persons soe stabbed or thruste shall thereof die      #
within
the space of sixe moneths then next followinge, although it     #
cannot be proved that the same was done of malice
forethoughte, yet the partie soe offendinge, and beinge         #
thereof convicted by verdicte of twelve men, confession or
otherwise, accordinge to the Lawes of this Realme, shall be     #
excluded from the benefit of his or theire Cleargie, and
suffer Deathe as in case of Wilfull Murder.

   Provided alwaies, That this Acte or any thinge therein       #
conteyned, shall not extende to any person or p~sons
which shall kill any person or persons (\se defendendo\) , or   #
by misfortune, or in any other manner then as aforesaide;
nor shall extende to any person or persons which in keepinge    #
and preservinge the Peace, shall chaunce or co~mitt
Manslaughter, soe as the saide Manslsughter be not co~mitted    #
wittingly willinglie and of purpose, under p~texte and
colour of keepinge the Peace; nor shall extende to any person   #
or p~sons which in chastisinge or correcting his
Childe or Servant, shall besides his or theire intent and       #
purpose, chaunce to co~mit Manslaughter; This Acte to
contynue untill the end of the firste Session of the next       #
Parliament.

[}CHAPTER IX.}]

[}AN ACTE TO RESTRAINE THE INORDINATE HAUNTINGE AND TIPLINGE    #
IN INNES ALEHOUSES AND OTHER VICTUALLINGE HOUSES.}]

   Whereas the ancient true and principall use of Innes         #
Alehouses and Victuallinge Houses, was for the
Receipte Reliefe and Lodginge of wayfaring people travellinge   #
from place to place, and for such Supplie
of the wants of such people as are not able by greater          #
Quantities to make theire p~vision of Victuals, and not
meant for entertainment and harbouringe of lewde and idle       #
people to spende and consume theire money and theire
tyme in lewde and drunken manner; Be it therefore enacted by    #
the King~ moste excellent Majestie, the Lordes
Spirituall and Temporall, and Co~mons in this p~sent            #
Parliament assembled, and by the authoritie of the same,
That it after fortie dayes next ensuinge after the end of this  #
p~sent Session of Parliament any Inne keeper Victualler
or Alehouse keeper within this Realme of England or the         #
Dominion of Wales, doe p~mitt or suffer any p~son or p~sons
inhabitinge and dwellinge in any Citie Towne Corporate Market   #
Towne Village or Hamlett within this Realme of
England or Dominion of Wales, where any such Inne Alehouse or   #
Tiplinge house is or shall be, to remaine and
contynue drinkinge or tiplinge in the saide Inne Victuallinge   #
House Tiplinge house or Alehouse, other then such
as shalbe invited by any Travailer, and shall accompanie hym    #
onelie duringe his necessarie abode there, and other then
labouringe and handicraftsmen in Cities and Townes Corporate    #
and Markett Townes, upon the usuall workinge daies,
for one houre at dynner tyme, to take their Diet in an          #
Alehouse; and other then Labourers and Workmen, which for
the followinge of theire worke by the day or by the greate in   #
any Cittie Towne Corporate Market Towne or Village,
shall for the tyme of theire saide contynuynge in worke there,  #
sojourne lodge or victuall in any Inne Alehouse or
other Victuallinge house, other then for urgent and necessarie  #
occasions to be allowed by two Justices of Peace,
that then everie such Inne keeper Victualler or Alehouse        #
keeper shall for everie such offence forfeit and lose the
so~me of tenne shilling~ of currant Money of England, to the    #
use of the Poore of the Parishe where such offence
shall be co~mitted; the same offence being viewed and seene by  #
any Mayor Bayliffe or Justice of Peace within their
sev~all limits, or proved by the Oathe of Two Witnesses, to be  #
taken before any Mayor Bayliffe or any other
Head Officer, or any one or more Justice or Justices of the     #
Peace, who by vertue of this Acte shalbe authorised
to minister the saide Oathe to any p~son or p~sons that can or  #
will justifie the same, beinge within the limits of
theire saide Co~mission.

   And be it further enacted by the authoritie aforesaide,      #
That if any Inneekeep~ Alehouse or Victualler
shall at any tyme utter or sell lesse then one full Ale quart   #
of the best Beere or Ale for a penie, and of the Small
two quarters for one pennie, that then everie suche Inne        #
keeper Alehouse keeper or Victualler shall forfeite for everie
such offence beinge duelie proved in manner above limitted,     #
the so~me of Twentie Shilling~ of lawfull Money of
England, to the use abovesaide; All and everie the saide        #
Penalties to be levied by the Constables or Churchwardens
of the Parish or Parishes where the offence or offences shall   #
be co~mitted, by waye of distresse to be taken and deteined
for the saide forfeitures, and for default of satisfacc~on      #
within sixe dayes nexte ensuinge, the same then to be p~sentlie
apprised and solde, and the surplusage or remainder over and    #
above to be delivered to the partie of whome the
distresse was taken, and for want of sufficient distresse the   #
partie or parties offendinge to be by the Mayor Bayliffe
or other Head Officer or Justice or Justices aforesaide,        #
co~mitted to the co~mon Gaole, there to remaine untill the
said Penaltie or Penalties be truelie paide.

<P IV,1027>
   And be it further enacted by the authoritie aforesaide,      #
That if the Constables or Churchwardens doe neglecte theire
duetie in levyinge, or do not levie the saide severall          #
Penalties, or in default of Distresse or Distresses, from tyme  #
to
tyme doe neglecte to certifie the same Default of Distresse,    #
by the space of twentie dayes then nexte ensuinge to the
Maior Bailiffe and other Head Officer or Justice of the Peace   #
within whose Jurisdicc~on the Offence is co~mitted, then
everie p~son and p~sons so offendinge shall forfeit for everie  #
such Default the so~me of Fortie shilling~ of currant Mony
of England to the use of the Poore of the Parishe where suche   #
Offence shalbe co~mitted, to be levied by waie of
Distresse of the Offendors Goods, by Warrant from any one or    #
more Justice or Justices of the Peace Mayor Bayliffe
or other Head Officer within the limits of their Jurisdicc~ons  #
respectivelie, under his or theire Hande and Seal, to be
taken and detained for the saide Forfeitures, for the space of  #
sixe dayes then next ensuinge; within whiche tyme if
payment be not made, the same Goods to be presentlie apprised   #
and sold, and the surplusage and remainder over and
above (if any be) to be delivered to the partie of whome the    #
Distresse was taken; and for wante of such sufficient
Distresse, the Constables Churchwarden or Churchwardens so      #
offendinge to be by the Mayor Bayliffe or other Head
Officer Justice or Justices of Peace co~mitted to the common    #
Goale, there to remaine until the saide Penaltie or
Penalties be truelie paide, for all which Penalties which so    #
shall be levied by the saide Constables or Churchwardens,
they the said Constables and Churchwardens shall be             #
accomptable to theire Successors and other the Parishioners, in
suche sorte as they usuallie be in other Churche reckoning~ or  #
Accompt~; and for all Forfeitures to be levied by
reason of any neglect of the Constables or Churchwardens,       #
those shall be accomptable, who by force of any Warrant
or Precept doe levie the same, or upon the inlargement of       #
persons co~mitted, doe receive the same.

   And be it further enacted, That all other Lawes and          #
Statutes touchinge Innekeepers Victualers and Alehousekeepers
shall still remaine in theire forme force and be put in due     #
execuc~on: This Acte to continue to the end of the firste
Session of the next Parliament.

   Provided alwaies and be it enacted by the authoritie of      #
this p~sent Parliament, That the Correcc~on and Punishment
of such as shall offend againste this Acte, or any parte        #
thereof, within either of the two Univ~sities of this Realme,   #
or
the p~cinct~ or Liberties of the same, shall be done upon the   #
Offenders, and Justice shall be ministred in this behalfe
accordinge to the intent and true meaninge of this Lawe, by     #
the Governours Magistrates Justices of the Peace or other
principall Officers of either of the same Univ~sities, to       #
whome in other cases the Administration of Justice and
Correcc~on and Punishment of Offenders by the Lawes of this     #
Realme and theire severall Charters doth belonge or
appertaine, and that no other within theire Liberties for any   #
Matter concerninge this Lawe contrarie to theire severall
Charters doe intermeddle, and that all Penalties and Summes of  #
Money to be forfeited or lost by force of this Acte
within either of the Univ~sities, or the Liberties or p~cinct~  #
of the same, shall be levied by the Officers or Ministers of
either of the saide Univ~sities to be from tyme to tyme in      #
that behalfe appointed by the Vicechauncellours thereof
for the tyme beinge respectivelie, and that all Powers and      #
Authorities either of Imprisonment or otherwise before given
or appointed by this Acte, shall by the Governors Magistrates   #
and principall Officers abovesaide of either of the saide
Univ~sities, be duelie executed and done within either of the   #
saide Univ~sities, and the Liberties and p~cinct~ of the
same, accordinge to the true intent and meaninge of this Acte.

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P IV,1028>
[}CHAPTER XI.}]

[}AN ACTE TO RESTAYNE ALL P~SONS FROM MARRIAGE UNTIL THEIR      #
FORMER WYVES AND FORMER HUSBANDES BE DEADE.}]

   Forasmuch as divers evil disposed p~sons beinge maried,      #
runne out of one Countie into another, or into
places where they are not knowen, and there become to be        #
maried, havinge another husband or wife livinge,
to the greate dishonour of God and utter undoinge of divers     #
honest mens children and others; Be it therefore
enacted by the King~ Majestie, with the consent of the Lordes   #
Spirituall and Temporall, and of the Co~mons in this
p~sent Parliament assembled, That if any p~son or p~sons        #
within his Majesties Domynions of England and Wales,
beinge maried, or which hereafter shall marie, doe at any tyme  #
after the ende of the Session of this p~sent Parliament,
marrye any p~son or p~sons, the former husband or wife beinge   #
alive, that then everie such offence shalbe Felonie,
and the p~son or p~sons so offendinge shall suffer death as in  #
cases of Felonie; And the partie and parties so
offendinge shall receive such and the like p~ceedinge triall    #
and execution in such Countie where suche p~son or
p~sons shalbe apprehended, as if the offence had bene           #
co~mitted in such Countie where such p~son or p~sons shall
be taken or apprehended.

   Provided alwaies, That this Acte nor any thinge therein      #
conteyned, shall extende to any p~son or p~sons whose
Husband or Wife shalbe continuallie remayninge beyond the Seas  #
by the space of seven yeeres together, or whose
Husband or Wife shall absent hym or her selfe the one from the  #
other by the space of seaven yeares together, in any
part~ within his Majesties Dominions, the one of them not       #
knowinge the other to be livinge within that tyme.

   Provided also and be it enacted by the Authoritie            #
aforesaide, That this Acte nor any thinge herein contayned
shall extend to any p~son or p~sons that are or shalbe at the   #
tyme of such mariage divorced by any sentence had
or hereafter to be had in the Eccl~iasticall Courte, or to any  #
person or p~sons where the former Mariage hathe bene or
hereafter shall be by sentence in the Eccl~iastical Courte      #
declared to be voide and of no effect; nor to any p~son or
p~sons for or by reason of anye former Mariage had or made, or  #
hereafter to be had or made within age of consent.

   Provided also, That no Attainder for this Offence made       #
Felonie by this Acte, shall make or worke any corruption
of Blood Losse of Dower or disinherison of Heire or Heires.

[}CHAPTER XII.}]

[}AN ACTE AGAINST CONJURATION WITCHCRAFTE AND DEALINGE WITH     #
EVILL AND WICKED SPIRITS.}]

   Be it enacted by the King our Sov~aigne Lorde the Lordes     #
Spirituall and Temporall and the Comons in this
p~sent Parliament assembled, and by the authoritie of the       #
same, That the Statute made in the fifte yeere of the
Raigne of our late Sov~aigne Ladie of moste famous and happie   #
memorie Queene Elizabeth, intituled An Acte againste
Conjurations Inchantment and Witchcraft~, be from the Feaste    #
of St. Michaell the Archangell nexte co~minge, for
and concerninge all Offences to be co~mitted after the same     #
Feaste, utterlie repealed.

   And for the better restrayninge the saide Offenses, and      #
more severe punishinge the same, be it further enacted
by the authoritie aforesaide, That if any p~son or persons,     #
after the saide Feaste of Saint Michaell the Archangell next
co~minge, shall use practise or exercise any Invocation or      #
Conjuration of any evill and wicked Spirit, or shall consult
covenant with entertaine employ feede or rewarde any evill and  #
wicked Spirit to or for any intent or purpose; or
take up any dead man woman or child out of his her or theire    #
grave, or any other place where the dead bodie
resteth, or the skin bone or any other parte of any dead        #
person, to be imployed or used in any manner of Witchcrafte
Soreerie Charme or Inchantment; or shall use practise or        #
exercise any Witchcrafte Inchantment Charme or Sorcerie,
wherebie any p~son shalbe killed destroyed wasted consumed      #
pined or lamed in his or her bodie, or any parte thereof;
that then everie such Offendor or Offendors, theire Ayders      #
Abettors and Counsellors, being of any the saide Offences
dulie and lawfullie convicted and attainted, shall suffer       #
pains of deathe as a Felon or Felons, and shall loose the
priviledge and benefit of Cleargie and Sanctuarie.

   And further, to the intent that all manner of practise use   #
or exercise of Witchcrafte Inchantment Charme or
Sorcerie should be from henceforth utterlie avoyded abolished   #
and taken away, Be it enacted by the authoritie of
this p~sent Parliament, That if any p~son or p~sons shall from  #
and after the saide Feaste of Saint Michaell the Archangell
next co~minge, take upon him or them by Witchcrafte             #
Inchantment Charme or Sorcerie to tell or declare in what
place any treasure of Golde or Silver should or might be        #
founde or had in the earth or other secret places,
or where Good~ or Thing~ loste or stollen should be founde or   #
become; or to the intent to p~voke any person
to unlawfull love, or wherebie any Cattell or Goods of any      #
p~son shall be destroyed wasted or impaired, or to hurte
or destroy any p~son in his or her bodie, although the same be  #
not effected and done; that then all and everie such
p~son & p~sons so offendinge, and beinge thereof lawfullie      #
convicted, shall for the said Offence suffer Imprisonment
by the space of one whole yeere, without baile or maineprise,   #
and once in everie quarter of the saide yere, shall in
<P IV,1029>
some Markett Towne, upon the Markett Day, or at such tyme as    #
any Faire shalbe kepte there, stande openlie upon
the Pillorie by the space of sixe houres, and there shall       #
openlie confesse his or her error and offence; And if any
p~son or p~sons beinge once convicted of the same offences as   #
is aforesaide, doe eftsoones p~petrate and co~mit the like
offence, that then everie such Offender, beinge of any the      #
saide offences the second tyme lawfullie and duelie convicted
and attainted as is aforesaide, shall suffer paines of death    #
as a Felon or Felons, and shall loose the benefitt and          #
priviledge
of Clergie and Sanctuarie: Savinge to the wife of such person   #
as shall offend in any thinge contrarie to this Acte,
her title of dower; and also to the heire and successour of     #
everie such person his or theire titles of Inheritance
Succession and other Rights, as though no such Attaindor of     #
the Ancestor or Predecessor had bene made;
Provided alwaies, That if the Offendor in any the Cases         #
aforesaide shall happen to be a Peere of his Realme, then
his Triall therein to be had by his Peeres, as it is used in    #
cases of Felonie or Treason, and not otherwise.

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P IV,1058>
[}CHAPTER XXIX.}]

[}AN ACTE TO ENCOURAGE THE SEAMEN OF ENGLAND TO TAKE FISHE,     #
WHEREBIE THEY MAY ENCREASE TO FURNISHE THE NAVIE 
OF ENGLAND.}]

   For the better increase of Seamen, to be readie at all       #
tymes to serve in the King~ Majesties Navie and the Navie
of England, of which the Fishermen of England have ever bene    #
the chiefest Seminarie and Nurserie, which in
this latter Age have greatlie decayed; Bee it enacted by the    #
King~ moste excellent Majestie the Lordes Spirituall and
Temporall and the Co~mons in this p~sent Parliament assembled   #
and by the authoritie of the same, That no Lycence or
Lycences heretofore made or graunted, or hereafter to be made   #
or graunted, to any sicke or infirme person or p~sons
to eate Fleshe, during the tyme of his her or theire Sicknesse  #
or Infirmitie, by force of the Statute of (\Anno quinto
Regine\) Elizabeth, shall from the Feaste of Saint Michael      #
next co~minge be any sufficient Warrant to any such person
or persons to eate any Beefe Veale Porke Mutton or Bacon in the #
tyme of Lent, or upon any day now observed as a 
Fishe day; but that the saide sicke or infirme person or        #
persons shall, for dressinge or eatinge of such Beefe Veale
Porke Mutton or Bacon, incurre the danger and penaltie          #
comprised therefore in the saide Statute, notwithstandinge any
suche Licence heretofore granted, or hereafter to be granted    #
to the contrarie.

   And be it further enacted by the authoritie aforesaide,      #
That no Butcher or other person, whether he be licenced or
not licenced to kill Fleshe, shall from henceforth at any tyme  #
in the tyme of Lent kill or dresse to the intent to put
to sale any Oxe or Oxen Beeves Beevets Hogges Calves Rammes     #
Ewes or Weathers, except Oxen or Beeves for
victualling of Shippes into forreine part~, and except all      #
Fleshe to be killed three dayes next before Easter yeerelie,
upon paine to forfeit and loose the same Oxen Beeves Beevets    #
Hogges Calves Rammes Ewes and Weathers so killed
and dressed contrarie to this Statute, or the value of them.

   And be it further enacted, That all Justices of the Peace,   #
Mayors Bailiff~ Head Officers and Constables, aswell of
Cities and Townes Corporate as in everie Countie of this        #
Realme, shall have power and authoritie by force of this
Acte, yeerelie in this tyme of Lent, to enter into all Howses   #
of Victuallers and common victuallinge Houses within
theire Jurisdictions, where such Offences shall be suspected    #
to be co~mitted, and findinge any such Oxen Beeves Beevets
Hogges Calves Rammes Ewes or Weathers killed or dressed, or     #
any parte or parcell of the same, contrary to this
Statute, shall take and seize the same as forfeited, and shall  #
give and distribute the same to Prisoners and other poore
Folkes by theire discretion.

   And because the greatest Disorder and Libertie in eating of  #
Fleshe upon Fish daies and Dayes prohibited by the
Lawe, is co~monlie founde to be in Tavernes co~mon Innes        #
Tabling Houses Cookes Houses Ale Houses and Tipling
Houses: Be it therefore enacted, That everie Taverner           #
Innekeeper Keeper of everie co~mon Tabling House co~mon
Cooke co~mon Typler or Alehouse Keeper, offendinge at any tyme  #
hereafter in the dressinge of any Fleshe Victuall
contrarie to the saide Statute of (\Anno quinto\) Elizabeth,    #
or contrarie to this Statute, shall not onelie forfeit all the  #
saide
Fleshe so dressed, but also the penaltie imposed by the same    #
Statute of (\Anno quinto\) Elizabeth, for everie Offence
to be co~mitted after the Feaste of Saint Michael the           #
Archangell next co~minge; the one halfe of all which            #
Forfeitures,
(except such Forfeitures as shalbe founde and taken by the      #
Justices of Peace Mayors Bailiff~ Head Officers and
Constables, accordinge to the tenor of this Acte), shall be to  #
our Sov~aigne Lorde the Kinge; and the other halfe to
such person or p~sons as shall sue or informe for the same in   #
any Court of Recorde, by Action of Debte Bill Plainte or
Information, wherein no Essoyne Protection or Wager of Lawe     #
shall be allowed to the Defendant.

<S SAMPLE 7>
<P IV,1060>
[}CHAPTER XXXI.}]

[}AN ACTE FOR THE CHARITABLE RELIEFE AND ORDERINGE OF P~SONS    #
INFECTED WITH THE PLAGUE.}]

   Forasmuch as the Inhabitant~ of divers Cities Boroughes      #
Townes Corporate and of other Parishes and Places
beinge visited with the Plague are founde to be unable to       #
relieve the poorer sorte of such People so infected,
who of necessitie muste be by some charitable course provided   #
for, leste they should wander abroad and thereby infecte
others; And Forasmuch as divers persons infected with that      #
Disease, and other inh~itinge in Houses and Places infected,
as well poore People and unable to relieve themselves that are  #
carefullie provided for, as others which of themselves
are of Abilitie, beinge co~manded by the Magistrate or          #
Officer, of or within the Place where the Infection shal be, to
keepe theire Houses or otherwise to seperate themselves from    #
Companie for the avoidinge of further infection, doe
notwithstandinge very dangerouslie and disorderlie misdemeane   #
themselves: Be it therefore enacted by the Authoritie
of this present Parliament, That the Mayor Bayliff~ Head        #
Officers and Justices of Peace of everie Citie Borough
Towne Corporate and Places priviledged, where any Mayor and     #
Bayliff~ Head Officers or Justices of Peace are or
shall bee, or any two of them, shall have Power and Authoritie  #
from tyme to tyme to taxe and assesse all and everie
Inhabitant, and all Houses of Habitation Land~ Tenement~ and    #
Hereditam=t=~, within the saide Citie Borough Towne
Corporate and Places priviledged, or the Liberties or           #
Precinct~ thereof, at such reasonable Taxes and Payment~ as     #
they
shall thinke fit for the reasonable Reliefe of such persons     #
infected, or inhabitinge in Houses and Places infected, in the
same Cities Boroughes and Townes Corporate and Places           #
priviledged, and from tyme to tyme to levie the same Taxes
of the Goods of everie person refusinge or neglectinge to pay   #
the saide Taxes, by Warrant under the Hand
and Seale of the Mayor and Bayliff~ and Head Officers           #
aforesaide, or two suche Justices of Peace, to be directed
to any p~son or p~sons for the Execution thereof; And if the    #
Partie to whome such Warrant is or shalbe
directed shall not finde any Goods to levie the same, and the   #
Partie taxed shall refuse to pay the same Taxe,
That then upon Returne thereof, the saide Mayor Bayliff~ Head   #
Officers or Justices of Peace or any two of them
shall by like Warrant under theire Hands and Seales cause the   #
same person so taxed to be arrested and co~mitted
to the Gaole without Baile or Maineprise untill he shall        #
satisfie the same Taxac~on and the Arrerages thereof:
And if the Inhabitant~ of any such Citie Burrough Towne         #
Corporate or Place priviledged, shall finde themselves unable
to relieve theire saide poore infected persons and others as    #
aforesaide, that then upon Certificate thereof by the Mayor
Bayliffe Head Officers and other the saide Justices of Peace,   #
or any two of them, to the Justices of Peace of the Countie
of or neere to the saide Citie Borough Towne Corporate or       #
priviledged place so infected, or any two of them, to be
made, the saide Justices of or neere the saide Countie, or any  #
two of them, shall or may taxe and assesse the
Inhabitant~ of the Countie within five miles of the saide       #
place infected, at such reasonable weekelie Taxes and Rates
as they shall thinke fit to be levied by Warrant from any such  #
two Justices of Peace of or neere the Countie
by sale of Goods, and in Default thereof, by Imprisonment of    #
the Bodie of the Partie taxed as aforesaide:
<P IV,1061>
And if any such Infection shalbe in any Borough Towne           #
Corporate or priviledged Place where there are or shalbe
no Justices of Peace, or in any Village or Hamlett within any   #
Countie, that then it shall and may be lawfull for any
two Justices of Peace of the saide Countie wherein the saide    #
Place infected is or shalbe, to taxe and assesse the
Inhabitant~ of the saide Countie, within five miles of the      #
saide Place infected, at such reasonable weekelie Taxes and
Rates as they shall thinke fit for the reasonable Reliefe of    #
the saide places infected, to be levied by warrant from the     #
saide
Justices of Peace of the same Countie by sale of Goods, and in  #
default thereof by Imprisonment of the Bodie of every
partie so taxed as aforesaide: The same Taxes made by the       #
saide Justices of Peace of the Countie for the reliefe
of such Cities Boroughes Townes Corporate and Places            #
priviledged where there are no Justices of Peace, to be
disposed as they shall thinke fit, And where there are          #
Justices of Peace, then in such sorte as to the Mayor Bayliff~
Head Officers and Justices of Peace there, or any two of them,  #
shall seeme fitt and convenient: All which Taxes and
Rates made within any such Citie Borough Towne Corporate or     #
Place priviledged, shall be certified at the next
Quarter Sessions to be holden within the same Citie Borough     #
Towne Corporate or Place priviledged; And the saide
Taxes and Rates made within any parte of the saide Countie,     #
shall in like sorte be certified at the next Quarter
Sessions to be holden in and for the saide Countie: And that    #
if the Justices of Peace at such Quarter Sessions
respectivelie, or the more part of them, shall thinke it fit    #
the saide Taxe or Rate should contynue, or be inlarged or
extended to any other part~ of the Countie, or otherwise        #
determined, then the same to be so enlarged extended or
determined increased or taxed and levied in manner and          #
forme aforesaid, as to the said Justices at the Quarter         #
Sessions
respectively shalbe thought fit and convenient; and everie      #
Constable and other Officer that shall wilfullie make default
in levyinge such Money as they shall be co~manded by the saide  #
Warrant or Warrant~, shall forfeite for everie such
Offence Ten shilling~, to be imployed on the charitable uses    #
aforesaide.

   And be it further enacted, That if any person or p~sons      #
infected, or beinge or dwellinge in any House infected,
shall be by the Mayor Bayliff~ Constable or other Head Officer  #
of any Citie Borough Towne Corporate priviledged
Place or Market Towne, or by any Justice of Peace Constable     #
Headboroughe or other Officer of the Countie, (if any
such Infection be out of any Citie Borough Towne Corporate      #
priviledged Place or Market Towne,) co~manded or
appointed as aforesaide, to keepe his or theire House for       #
avoidinge of farther Infection, and shall notwithstandinge
wilfullie and contemptuouslie disobey such Direction and        #
Appointment, offeringe and attemptinge to breake and 
goe Abroade and to resiste, or goinge Abroade and resistinge,   #
such Keepers or Watchmen as shall be appointed as
aforesaide, to see them kepte in, that then it shall be         #
lawfull for such Watchmen, with violence to enforce them to
keepe theire Houses; And if any hurte come by such enforcement  #
to such disobedient persons, that then the saide
Keepers Watchmen and any other their Assistant~ shall not be    #
impeached therefore; And if any infected person as
aforesaide so co~manded to keepe House, shall contrarie to      #
such Co~mandement wilfullie and contemptuously goe
abroade, and shall converse in companie, havinge any            #
infectious sore upon hym uncured, that then such person and
persons shalbe taken deemed and adjudged as a Felon, and to     #
suffer Paines of Death as in case of Felonie; but if
such person shall not have any such sore found about hym, then  #
for his saide Offence to be punished as a Vagabond
in all respect~ should or ought to be by the Statute made in    #
the nyne and thirtieth yeere of the Reigne of our late
Sov~aing Ladie Queene Elizabeth for the punishment of Rogues    #
and Vagabond~, and further to be bounde to his or
theire good behaviour for one whole yeere. Provided, That no    #
Attainder of Felonie by vertue of this Acte
shall extend to any Attainder or Corruption of Blood, or        #
forfeiture of any Goods Chattels Land~ Tenement~ or
Hereditament~.

   And be it further enacted by the authoritie aforesaide,      #
That it shall be lawfull for Justices of Peace Mayors Bayliff~
and other Head Officers aforesaide to appointe, within the      #
severall Limitt~, Searchers Watchmen Examiners Keepers and
Buriers, for the persons and places respectivelie infected as   #
aforesaide; and to minister unto them Othes for the
p~formance of their Offices of Searchers Examiners Watchmen     #
Keepers and Buriers, and give them other directions, as
unto them for the present necessitie shall seeme good in        #
theire discretions. And this Acte to continue no longer then
untill the ende of the firste Session of the next Parliament.

   Provided alwaies and be it enacted by authoritie of this     #
p~sent Parliament, That no Mayor Bayliff~ Head Officers
or any Justices of Peace shall, by force or p~text of any       #
thinge in this Acte conteined, doe or execute any thinge
before mentioned, within either the Universities of Cambridge   #
or Oxforde, or within any Cathedrall Church, or the
Liberties or Precinct~ thereof, in this Realme of England, or   #
within the Colledges of Eaton or Winchester; But that
the Vicechauncellor of either of the Universities for the tyme  #
beinge, within either of the same respectivelie, and the
Bishop and Deane of everie such Cathedrall Church, or one of    #
them, within such Cathedrall Church, and the
Provost or Warden of either of the saide Colledges within the   #
same, shall have all such power and authoritie, and shall
doe and execute all and everie such Acte and Act~ Thinge and    #
Thing~ in this Acte before mentioned, within theire
severall Precinct~ and Jurisdictions abovesaide, as whollie     #
absolutelie and fullie to all Intent~ and Purposes as any Mayor
Bailiff~ Head Officers or Justices of Peace within theire       #
severall Precinct~ and Jurisdictions may elswhere by force
of this Acte doe and execute.



<B CEHAND2A>
<Q E2 IS HANDO GIFFORD>
<N WITCHES>
<A GIFFORD GEORGE>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^GIFFORD, GEORGE.
TEXT:  A HANDBOOK ON WITCHES
AND WITCHCRAFT.
A DIALOGUE CONCERNING WITCHES
AND WITCHCRAFTES, 1593.
SHAKESPEARE ASSOCIATION FACSIMILES, 1.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY B. WHITE.
LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD AND
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1931.
PP. A4R.1  - C1R.2       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. D4V.21 - E4R.35      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P A4R>           
[}THE SPEAKERS.}]
[}SAMUELL. DANIELL. THE WIFE OF SAMUELL. M.B. 
SCHOOLEMAISTER. THE GOOD WIFE R.}]

(^Sam.^) You are well mette olde acquaintance, 
I am glad to 
see you looke so well, howe
doe all our good friendes
in your Countrey.
(^Dan.^) I trust they be all in 
good health, they were
when I came from home,
I am sorry to see you looke
so pale, what haue you beene sicke lately?
(^Sam.^) Truely no, I thanke God I haue had my health
pretily well, but yet me thinke my meate doth me no good
of late.
(^Dan.^) What is the matter man, doe you take thought
and care for the world? take heede of that, for the Scripture 
saith, worldly sorrow worketh death. (^2. Cor.7.10.^)
It is a great sinne rising from vnbeleefe, and distrust in
Gods prouidence, when men be ouer pensiue for the world.
(^Sam.^) In deede my minde is troubled, but not for that
which you say, for I hope in God I shall not want so long
as I liue.
(^Dan.^) Is it any trouble of conscience for sinne? If it
be, that may turne to good.
(^Sam.^) O, no, no. I know no cause why.
(^Dan.^) Why, what is it then, if I maybe so bold, I pray
<P A4V>
you tell me. I thinke you take me for your friend.
(^Sam.^) In deede I haue alwaies found you my very good
friend, and I am sure you will giue me the best counseil
you can, truely we dwell here in a bad countrey, I think euen
one of the worst in England.
(^Dan.^) Is it so? I thinke you dwell in a fine countrey,
in a sweete wholesome aire and fruitfull grounds.
(^Sam.^) Aire man? I finde no fault with the aire, there
be naughty people.
(^Dan.^) Naughty people? where shall a man dwell, and
not finde them? Swearers, liars, raylers, liaunderers,
drunckards, adulterers, riotous, vnthriftes, dicers, and
proude high minded persons, are euery where to be founde
in great plenty.
(^Sam.^) Nay, I doe not meane them, I care not for them.
These witches, these euill fauoured old witches doe trouble
me.
(^Dan.^) What doe you take your selfe to be bewitched?
(^Sam.^) No, no, I trust no euill spirite can hurt me, but
I heare of much harme done by them: they lame men and
kill their cattle, yea they destroy both men and children.
They say there is scarce any towne or village in all this
shire, but there is one or two witches at the least in it. In
good sooth, I may tell it to you as to my friend, when I
goe but into my closes, I am afraide, for I see nowe
and then a Hare; which my conscience giueth me is a 
witch, or some witches spirite, shee stareth so vppon me.
And sometime I see an ugly weasell runne through my
yard, and there is a foule great catte sometimes in my
Barne, which I haue no liking vnto.
(^Dan.^) You neuer had no hurt done yet, had you by any
witch?
(^Sam.^) Trust me I cannot tell, but I feare me I haue,
<P B1R>
for there be two or three in our towne which I like not, but
especially an old woman, I haue beene as careful to please
her as euer I was to please mine own mother, and to giue
her euer anon one thing or other, and yet me thinkes shee
frownes at me now and then. And I had a hogge which
eate his meate with his fellowes and was very well to our
thinking ouer night, and in the morning he was starke
dead. My wife hath had fiue or sixe hennes euen of late
dead. Some of my neighbours wishe me to burne some
thing aliue, as a henne or a hogge. Others will me in time
to seeke helpe at the handes of some cunning man, before
I haue any further harme. I wold be glad to do for the best.
(^Dan.^) Haue you any cunning man hereabout, that doth
helpe?
(^Sam.^) There is one, they say, here a twenty miles of at
(^T.B.^) which hath holpe many. And thus much I know,
there was one of mine acquaintance but two miles hence,
which had great losses, he lost two or three kine; six hogs,
he would not haue tooke fifteene shillings a hog for them,
and a mare. He went to that same man, and told him hee
suspected an old woman in the parish. And I think he told
me, that he shewed him her in a Glasse, and tolde him shee
had three or foure imps, some call them puckrels, one like
a gray catte, an other like a weasell, an other like a mouse,
a vengeance take them, it is a great pitty the countrey is
not ridde of them, and told him also what he shoulde doe,
it is halfe a yeare agoe, and he neuer had any hurt since.
There is also a woman at (^R.H.^) fiue and twenty miles
hence, that hath a great name, and great resort there is
dayly vnto her. A neighbour of mine had his childe taken
lame, a girle of ten yeares olde, and such a paine in her
backe, that shee could not sit upright. He went to that 
woman, she tolde him he had some badde neighbour, the
childe was forespoken, as he suspected; marry if he would
goe home, and bring her som of the clothes which the child
<P B1V>
lay in all night, shee would tell him certainely. He went
home, and put a table Napkin about her necke all night,
and in the morning tooke it with him, and shee told him the
girle was bewitched in deede, and so told him what hee
should doe, and he had remedy, the girle is as wel at this
day, and a pretty quicke girle. There was another of my 
neighbours had his wife much troubled, and he went to 
her, and shee tolde him, his wife was haunted with a fairy.
I cannot tell what she bad him doe, but the woman is mery
at this howre. I haue heard, I dare not say it is so, that
shee weareth about her Sainct (^Iohns^) Gospel, or some part
of it.
(^Dan.^) If you haue such cunning men and women, what 
neede you be so much afraide?
(^Sam.^) Alas man, I could teeme it to goe, and some counsell
me to goe to the man at (^T.B.^) and some to the woman
at (^R.H.^) And betweene them both I haue lingred the
time, and feare I may be spoiled before I get remedy.
Some wishe me to beate and claw the witch vntill I fetch
bloud on her, and to threaten her that I will haue her hanged,
if I knew which were the best I would doe it.
(^Dan.^) I perceiue your danger is betweene two stooles.
(^Sam.^) It is very true, if I had heard but of one, I
should haue gone ere this time, and I am glad that I met
with you. I pray you let me haue your best counsell; I
trust you beare me good will.
(^Dan.^) Truely I will giue you the best counsell I can,
which I am sure shall doe you good, if you will followe it,
for in deede I pitty your case, it is most certaine you are
bewitched.
(^Sam.^) Bewitched, doe you thinke I am bewitched? I
feele no harme in my body, you make me more afraide.
(^Dan.^) Nay I doe not thinke that the olde woman hath
bewitched you, or that your body is bewitched, but the diuell
hath bewitched your minde, with blindnes and vnbeleefe,
<P B2R>
to draw you from God, euen to worship himselfe, by
seeking help at the hands of deuils. It is a lamentable case
to see how the deuill hath bewitched thousands at this day
to run after him: and euen to offer sacrifice vnto him.
(^Sam.^) I defie the deuill, worship him? fie vpon him, I
hate him with all my hart. Do you thinke any seeke help at
his hands? we seek help against him. I think he neuer doth
good, he hurteth, but he neuer helpeth any.
(^Dan.^) It is not in these matters to be taken as wee          #
imagine, 
but as the word of God teacheth. What though
a man think he worshippeth not deuils, nor seeketh not help
at their handes, as he is persuaded, nor hath any such intent,
is he euer the neere, when as yet it shall be found by
Gods word, that he doth worship them, and seek vnto them
for help?
(^Sam.^) Doe you thinke then that there be no witches?
Doth not God suffer wicked people to do harme? Or doe 
you thinke that the cunning men doe helpe by the deuill? I
would be glad to reason with you, but I haue smal knowledge
in the scripturs. We haue a Schoolemaister that is
a good pretie scholler, they say, in the Latine tongue, one
M. (^B.^) he is gone to my house euen now, I pray you let me
intreat you to go thither, you two may reason the matter,
for you are learned.
(^Dan.^) I could be content, but it will aske some time,
and I am going to such a place vpon speciall busines.
(^Sam.^) I pray you let mee intreat you: foure or five
houres is not so much.
(^Dan.^) Well, I will goe with you.
(^Sam.^) Wife, I haue brought an olde friend of mine, I
pray thee bid him welcome.
(^The wife.^) He is verie welcome. But trulie man, I
am angrie with you, and halfe out of patience, that you go
not to seeke helpe against yonder same olde beast I haue        #
another
hen dead this night. Other men can seeke remedy.
<P B2V>
Here is M. (^B.^) tels me, that the good wife (^R.^) all the    #
laste
weeke could not make her butter come. She neuer rested
vntil she had got her husbande out to the woman at R.H.
and when he came home, they did but heat a spit red hotte,
and thrust into the creame, vsing certaine wordes, as shee
willed him, and it came as kindly as anie butter that euer
she made. I met the old filth this morning Lord, how sowerlie 
she looked vpon me, & mumbled as she went, I heard
part of her wordes. Ah (quod she) you haue an honest man
to your husband, I heare how he doth vse me. In trueth,
husband, my stomacke did so rise against her, that I coulde
haue found in my heart to haue flowen vpon her, and scratched 
her, but that I feared she would be too strong for me.
It is a lustie olde queane. I wished that the good wife R.
had bene with me. I pray you, good husbande, let me intreat
you to goe to that same good woman, you may ride
thither in halfe a day.
(^Sam.^) Wife, I pray thee be content, I haue intreated
this mine olde friend to reason with M. (^B.^) for he tels mee
that we be in a verie foule errour.
(^M.B.^) I suppose, so farre as my learning and capacitie
doe extend, that small reasoning may serue. The worde
of God doeth shew plainlie that there be witches, & commaundeth
they should be put to death. Experience hath
taught too too manie, what harmes they doe. And if anie
haue the gift to minister help against them, shall we refuse
it? Shall we not drinke when we are a thirst? Shall wee
not warme vs when wee are a colde? It is pitie that anie
man should open his mouth anie way to defend them, their
impietie is so great.
(^Dan.^) For my part, I go not about to defend witches,
I denie not but that the deuill worketh by them. And that
they ought to be put to death. We ought also to seeke remedie
against them: but as I told my friend, the deuil doth
bewitch men by meanes of these witches, and lead them
<P B3R>
from God, euen to follow himself, to offer sacrifice vnto him
to worship him, to obey his wil, to commit manie grieuous
sinnes, and to be drowned in manifold errours.
(^M.B.^) If you haue this meaning, that witches and
sorcerers ar bewitched by the deuil, that they forsake God,
and follow him, that they worship and obey him, and doe
sacrifice vnto him, and commit manie hainous sinnes, I agree
with you, for I tak it, they euen vow themselues to the
deuill, or els he would not be so readie to doe them seruice.
But if you mean, that such as seek remedie against them, &
wold haue them rooted out, be so seduced and mis-led by the
deuill, as you speake, I say your speach is rash and foolish,
for they that be earnest against witches, be earnest against
the deuil, they defie the deuil, they seek to resist him, and   #
to
roote out his instruments. Now, if you were a man that
had any learning, you should see, that contraries cannot be
in the same subiect, at one instant, in the same part, and in
the same respect: how then can a man hate the deuill, defie
the deuill and his workes, and yet follow him at one time?
(^Dan.^) I know that witches and coniurers are seduced
and become the vassals of Satan: they be his seruants, and
not he theirs, as you speake. But I mean indeed that multitudes
are seduced and led from God, to follow the deuil,
by means of witches & coniurers: yea, I speak it of those,
not which are carfed of a godlie zeale, but of a blinde rage
and mad furie against them. If I speake this rashlie and
foolishlie, as you say, and your self learned as you boast, and
I vnlearned, I shall be the more easilie ouerthrowne. But
I speake so truly, and can so well iustifie all that I haue
said by the word of God, that your learning and best skill,
shall not be able to disprooue the same. Your logicke at the
first doth faile you. Not that contraries can be in the same
subiect at the same instant, in the same part, and in the
same respect. But herein you are vtterly blinde and deceiued,
that you name contraries, and take it that the first of
<P B3V>
them, as namelie, to hate the deuill, to defie him and his
workes, are in them, when as indeed they are in them but
in imagination. For if men say and think they defie the deuill
and his workes, and through blindnes and infidelitie,
are euen bewitched, and seduced to followe the deuill, and
to do his will, doth their speach and blinde imagination
make the things indeed to be in them? What if a poore begger
woman say and thinke that she is a Queene: is she therfore
no begger, begging still her bread? or is she rid of her
lice?
(^M.B.^) Nay, if you iudge, I haue done. If men be earnest
against the deuill, and defie him and all his workes,
are you to iudge of their conscience, and to say they defie
him but in imagination, and follow him, and worship him
in deede? is not God alone the iudge ouer mens hearts?
Againe, do you compare those that are in their right mind,
with such as be mad, or out of their wits?
(^Dan.^) I knowe that God alone is the searcher of the
heart, touching the thinges which lie hid in secrete: But
where things are open and manifest, the tree is known by
the fruits, so far as we may goe. As if a man professe the
faith of Iesus Christ soundlie, in all pointes according to
the word of God, and doth frame his life thereafter in doing
good workes: it is verie wicked for anie man to iudge
of him, that he is an hypocrite, and that he doth all of vaine
glorie. And yet it may be that the Lord, who discerneth the
secrete intents of the heart, seeth indeed that he is but an
hypocrite. On the contrarie parte, where a man professeth
in wordes that he doeth defie the deuill and all his workes,
and yet when it commeth to the triall of Gods word, hee is
found to be seduced, and wrapped in blinde errours of the
deuill, in infidelitie, and euill works, in which he fulfilleth
the will of Satan, and honoureth him in the place of God:
Shal we say that this is a good man because of his words
and imagination, that he defieth the deuill and his works?
<P B4R>
(^Wo be to them that cal good euil, and euil good. Esa.5.^)
We may say they are in bad case, except they repent, and
turne from following Satan. But yet I say, that a faithful
man may erre in some of these thinges through weaknesse
of faith, and through ignorance. And therefore, here men
may not be too rash in iudgment. And now wheras you find
fault, that I make comparison between such as be mad and
those that be in their right mind it is your ignora~ce, which
do not consider that ther be two kinds of madnes, or being
out of their right mind, the one for matters of this worlde,
the other for thinges spirituall and heauenlie. There bee
which are in their wittes for this worlde, which touching
spirituall things are as farre awrie in their imaginations,
as the poore beggar, which thinketh she is a goodlie queene.
Doth not the holie Apostle say, that (^because men receiue
not the loue of the truth, God wil send them strong delusion
to beleeue lies. 2.Thess.2^) . And what is that, but
that Satan shall seduce, illude and bewitch their minds, to
make them beleeue that they worshippe and follow God,
when they worship and follow him?
(^M.B,^) Doe you take that to be S. Paules meaning?
Doth Satan bewitch mens mindes, and leade them into
falsehoode and errour, making them beleeue they worshipp
God, when they worship deuils?
(^Dan.^) S. Paul speaketh there indeed of the comming
of the great Antichrist in the power of the Deuill. Nowe,
those which are seduced and worship Antichrist, think they
worship God: but marke what S. Iohn sayth, (^All the
world wondred, and followed the beast, and worshipped
the dragon which gaue power to the beast: & they
worshipped the beast. Reuelat.13^) . And looke in the 12.
chapter of the Reuelation, and you shall find that the Dragon,
which the Popery doth worship in stead of God, is the
Deuill.
(^M.B.^) Trulie I like your wordes well, I am persuaded
<P B4V>
the deuill doth seduce and bewitch mens mindes: But
touching these that seek help at the hands of cunning men
and women against witches, I cannot thinke so hardlie of
them. I may be awry, I see well: I will not be obstinate, if
the word of God shew me mine errour. Let vs euen friendly
conferre of the matter. Be not offended with me, and for
my part, I will speake all that I knowe or thinke.
(^Dan.^) I must intreate you likewise to beare with my
plaine speaches. And let vs in the matters proceede from
one point to another, standing onlie vpon that, wherein we
shall be found to differ in iudgment. And let Gods word be
the Iudge betweene vs.
(^Sam.^) I like this wel, though I can say but litle, I wil
sit and heare you.
(^Dan.^) What is the first question that we shal handle?
(^M.B.^) I heard you say, if I did not mistake your speach
that there be witches that worke by the deuill. But yet I
pray you tell me, doe you think there be such? I know some
are of opinion there be none.
(^Dan.^) It is so euident by the Scriptures, and in all         #
experience,
that there be witches which worke by the deuill,
or rather I may say, the deuill worketh by them, that such
as go about to prooue the contrarie, doe shewe themselues
but cauillers.
(^M.B.^) I am glad we agree in that point, I hope we shall
in the rest. What say you to this? that the witches haue
their spirits, some hath one, some hath more, as two, three,
foure, or fiue, some in one likenesse, and some in another,
as like cattes, weasils, toads, or mise, whome they nourish
with milke, or with a chicken, or by letting them sucke now
and then a drop of blood: whome they call when they be offended
with anie, and lend them to hurt them in their bodies;
yea, to kill them, and to kill their cattell?
(^Dan.^) Here is great deceit, and great illusion, here
the deuil leadeth the ignorant people into foule errours,
<P C1R>
by which hee draweth them hedlong into manie grieuous
sinnes. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P D4V>
(^Sam.^) Indeed it is my desire that you woulde speake a
litle playner of these poyntes: for I haue marked well all
your talke, and cannot well conceiue of the last things you
dealt in. With your leaue M. (^B.^) I would aske two or
three questions of my friend. Here was but seuen miles
hence at (^W.H.^) one N. the man was of good wealth, and
well accounted of among his neighbours. He pined away
with sicknes halfe a yeare, and at last died. After hee was
dead, his wife suspected ill dealing: she went to a cunning
man, I know not where, and desired to know whereof her
husband died. He told her that her husband died of witcherie:
he asked her if she did not suspect any therabout. She
sayd there was one woman which she did not like, one mother
(^W.^) her husband and she fell out, and he fell sick within
two dayes after, and neuer recouered again. He shewed
<P E1R>
her the woman as plaine in a glasse, as we see one another,
and in the very apparell she went in at that hower, for shee
ware an old red cappe with corners, such as women were
wont to weare; and in that she appeared in the glasse: Hee 
taught her how she might bring her to confesse. Well, she
followed his counsell, went home, caused her to be apprehended 
and caried before a Iustice of peace. He examined
her so wisely, that in the end she confessed shee killed the
man. She was sent to prison, she was arraigned, condemned,
and executed: And vpon the ladder shee seemed very
penetent, desiring all the world to forgiue her. She said
she had a spirit in the likenes of a yellow dun catte. This
catte came vnto her, as she said, as she sat by her fire, when
she was fallen out with a neighbour of hers, and wished
that the vengeance of God might light vpon him and his.
The catte bad her not be affraid, she wold do her no harme:
She had serued a dame fiue yeares in Kent, that was now 
dead, and if she would, she would be her seruant. And wheras,
said the Cat, such a man hath misused thee, if thou wilt
I will plague him in his cattell. She sent the Cat, she killed
three hogs and one Cow. The man suspecting, burnt a
pig aliue, and as she said, her cat wold neuer go thither any
more. Afterward she fel out with that N. She sent her Cat,
who told her, that she had giuen him that, which hee should
neuer recouer: and indeed the man died. Now doe you not
thinke the woman spake the trueth in all this? Would the
woman accuse her selfe falsely at her death? Did not the
Cat become her seruant? Did not she send her? Did shee
not plague and kill both man and beaste? What shoulde a
man thinke of this?
(^Dan.^) You propounde a particular example, and let
vs examine euerything in it touching the witch, for the
womans fact that went to the wise man, wee are not yet
come to that point. You say the Cat came to her when she
was in a great rage with one of her neighbours, and did
<P E1V>
curse, wishing the vengeance of God to fall vpon him and
his.
(^Sam.^) She said so indeede. I heard her with mine own
ears, for I was at the execution.
(^Dan.^) Then tel me who set her in such a deuilish rage,
so to curse & banne, as to with that vengeance of God
might light vpon him and his? did not the Cat?
(^Sam.^) Trulie I thinke the Deuil wrought that in her.
(^Dan.^) Uerie well, then you see the Cat is the beginner
of this play.
(^Sam.^) Cald you it a play? It was no play to some.
(^Dan.^) Indeed the witch at last had better haue wrought 
hard, than bene at her play. But I meane Satan did play 
the Iugler: For, doth he not offer his seruice? Doth he not
moue her to send him to plague the man? Tell me, is she so 
forward to send, as he is to be sent? Or doe you not take it,
that he ruleth in her heart, and euen wholly directeth it to
this matter?
(^Sam.^) I am fully perswaded he ruleth her heart.
(^Dan.^) Then was shee his drudge, and not he her servant,
he needeth not to be hired nor intreated, for if her hart
were to send him any where, vnto such as he knoweth hee
cannot hurt, nor seeth how to make any shewe that he hurteth 
them, he can quickly turne her from that. Wel, the cat 
goeth and killeth the man, certain hogs and a Cow; howe
could she tell that the Cat did it?
(^Sam.^) How could she tell? why he told her man, and she
saw and heard that he lost his cattell.
(^Dan.^) The Cat would lie, would she not? for they say
such cattes are lyers.
(^Sam.^) I doe not trust the Cats wordes, but because the
thing fell out so.
(^Dan.^) Because the hogges and the Cow died, are you
sure the Cat did kil them, might they not die of some naturall
causes as you see both men and beasts are well, and die
<P E2R>
suddainlie?
(^Sam.^) That were strange, if they should die of naturall
causes, and fall out so fit at the time after he was sent?
(^Dan.^) It is not straunge at all, as marke what I tell
you and you shall easily see. There bee naturall causes of
tortures and griefe, of lamenes, and of death in the bodies
of men and beastes, which lie so hid and secrete, that the
learneddest Physitians can not espie them, but the deuill
seeth them, and can coniecture very neere the time, when
they will take effect. Then doeth hee ply it, to bring the
matter about that it may seeme he did it. If hee haue any
witch to deale by, he stirreth vp some occasion to set her in
a rage with that partie: and then he will be sent, and telleth
her he doeth it. If he haue no witch to deale by, yet hee
will set debate betweene the partie and some other, whom
he may bring into suspition, as his greatest desire is to
haue innocent bloud shed.
(^Sam.^) Here is a matter brought about indeed, how could
the Cat doe all this?
(^Dan.^) I told you before, that the deuilles worke together,
and can speedilie and most craftilie compasse thinges,
which are farre beyond the reach of mans capacitie. But
sometime the deuill hath power giuen him to plague and
doth the harme. Admit he had power giuen him, and did
kill the cattell of this man: let vs come nowe to that, who
think you, gaue him the power for to strike and kill? Did
the witch giue him the power, or the Lord God?
(^Sam.^) Nay surely, the witch cannot giue him power.
(^Dan.^) Did he receiue power after she sent him?
(^Sam.^) That cannot I tell.
(^Dan.^) The~ mark a litle: he hath power giue~ him to plague
this man in his goods: he wil do it, but he will doe it         #
craftily.
The Lord gaue him power ouer the goods of holie Iob:
he worketh by instruments, for he stirreth vp the Sabeis,
and they take away his Oxen, and his Asses: he raiseth vp
<P E2V>
also the Chaldeis, and they cary away his Camels, (^Iob.1^) .
Euen so, hauing power to strike, he wil be sent by a witch,
he could doo it without her, but he gayneth much that way,
as we shall see when wee come to speake of the remedyes
which men seeke.
(^Sam.^) I wonder then that the man neuer had more hurt
after he had burnt his pig aliue:
(^Dan.^) O man, the Deuill can abide no roast meate, nor
no fire, he is affraide, if they fall a roasting, that they     #
will
roast him. If they run at him with a spit red hot, they gaster
him so sore, that his dame shal go her self, if she will he 
will come no more there. But of these thinges we are to 
speake afterward in their place.
(^Sam.^) You make the deuill wonderfull subtill.
(^Dan.^) He is so subtill and full of all craft and fleight,
that no earthly creature can escape from being seduced by 
him, without the light of Gods heauenly word. But let vs
come now to the other man, whom the witch confessed shee
killed by her Cat.
(^Sam.^) Yea, that me thinketh is more than the other,
the woman was told by the cunning man that her husband 
was killed by witcherie. The witch confessed so much at
her death. The Cat told the witch, that she killed him.
(^Dan.^) Here be a companie of credible persons to be beleeued:
the cunning man saith the man was bewitched to
death. Who told him that?
(^Sam.^) His spirite that maketh the witch appeare in the
glasse.
(^Dan.^) That same Spirite, what doe you take him to
be, an Angell, or a Deuill?
(^Sam.^) Some of the cunning men say, they haue Moses
or Elias, or the Spirite of some holy man.
(^Dan.^) The Deuill can turne himselfe into the likenes
of an Angell of light. For they that doe thinke the cunning
men and women deale with any other Spirite than Satan,
<P E3R>
haue no vnderstanding. Satan saith, the man was
witched to death.
(^Sam.^) Satan saith so, he is not to bee beleeued, but the
witch confesseth it was so.
(^Dan.^) Who told the witch?
(^Sam.^) Her Cat that she sent.
(^Dan.^) What is the Cat, a deuill? then remember the
prouerbe, aske his fellow if he be a theefe. All the matter
resteth vpon the testimony of deuils, and they not put to
their oath. Wee will not ground vpon mans testimonie
without an oath, and must we beleeue the bare worde of
deuils?
(^Sam.^) Do you thinke then that the man was not killed
by witcherie?
(^Dan.^) It may be the Lord had giuen Satan power to
plague the man in his bodie, and then he vnder a colour
would be sent by a witch. But it is most like that his bodie
did languish and pine of naturall causes, which the deuill
did know, and so would be sent, and seeme to do all, when as
indeed he had no power to touch him. For, although the
Lord giue the deuill power, to strike some in their bodies
for their haynous sinnes, yet the most which the witches
thinke their spirits doe kill at their request, doe die of      #
naturall
diseases.
(^Sam.^) Then it seemeth the witches are deceiued, and 
mocked, when he maketh them beleeue he doeth kill and
plague when hee doeth not. And againe in this, where he
hath power giuen him of God, to strike man or beast, hee
could doe it, and would without the witch, and so vseth the
witch for a collour to draw on worse matters.
(^Dan.^) I am glad you take my meaning so right: for,
thinke deeply of the matters, and you shall see it must needs
be so.
(^Sam.^) I interrupted (^M.B.^) I pray you goe forward 
now to the rest.
<P E3V>
(^Dan.^) Our matter which we come vnto nowe, is the
helpe and remedie that is fought for against witches at 
the hands of cunning men. And now if it please you to propound
your questions, I will answere to them the best I
can.
M. (^B.^) Nay truly, I see already all is naught, but yet
I will obiect those things which haue caried me awrie. I
take it a man is to seek remedy against euils, & I thought
it was euen a gift that God gaue vnto those whom we cal
cunning men, that they did very much good by. When a
thing is lost, when a thing is stollen, many goe to them, and
they help them to it. I did know where the Communion
cup was stollen: the Churchwardens rode to a wise man,
he gaue them direction what night, and where they should
stand, and the party that had stollen it should come thither,
and confesse he had it: and certainly they had it againe. I
did know one that had a child of fiue yeares old, a gyrle, it
was taken piteouslie: the father was in great heauinesse,
and knew not what to doe: some gaue him counsell to goe
to a woman which dwelt ten miles from him, and to carie
some of the clothes which the child lay in: he did so, the      #
woman
told him that his child was bewitched, and if hee did
not seeke remedie in time, the childe would be lost: Shee
bad him take some olde clothes, and let the child lie in them
all night, and then take and burne them: and he should see
by the burning, for if they did burne black, that shewed the
child was bewitched, and she said further, that doubtlesse
the witch would come thither: he followed her aduice, and
sure as we be here, there came an old woman in, which he
suspected, euen while they were burning, and made an errand:
the man made no more adoe, but euen laid his clowthes 
vpon her and clawed her vntill the blood ranne down
her cheeks, and the child was well within two dayes after.
I could tell you of a stranger thing, but I haue it but by
report, but yet indeed by very credible report. There was
<P E4R>
a butcher by his trade that had a boy to his sonne, his name
was Iohn, grieuous sores did breake forth vpon him: they
laid salues, and none woulde cleaue for to draw or to ease
them. The father making his moane to a friend of his, he 
told him whether he should goe to a verie skilfull man: he
did goe, and being demanded whom he suspected, she was
shewed him in a glasse, an old woman that dwelt not farre
from him in an house alone: he told the cunning man, that
the woman had shut vp her dore, & was gone from home
out of the shyre, and so he could not tell how to come by her.
he told him a way how he should fetch her home. Cut off
the hair (said he) of the boyes head, and put it in a cloath
and burne it, and I warrant you she wil come home with al
the speed she can. Burne it abroade, burne it not in a chimney,
for if you doe, it will make you all affraide. The man
went home and did this. The woman came home with
all speede, came to his house, came to the boy, and saide,
Iohn, scratch me, hee scratched her vntil the blood followed,
and whereas before nothing would draw his soares,
they healed of themselues. What should a man thinke of
such things?
(^Dan.^) You tell of some, which haue receiued help from 
the hands of cunning men: And no doubt there may infinit
examples be brought. Some haue lost, some haue thinges
stollen from them, some are vexed in their bodies: They
come by the things againe which were lost or stollen, they
are taught to doe certain things, and are eased from their
helpe, if it deserue the name to be called help, from the       #
deuill.
And do you thinke a man may lawfullie seek helpe at 
the hands of the deuill?
M. (^B.^) Some are perswaded that they doe not seeke
helpe at the hand of deuils, when they goe to the wise men:
but that it is a gift which God hath giuen them, euen to do
good withall. 



<B CEHAND2B>
<Q E2 IS HANDO MARKHAM>
<N COUNTRY CONT>
<A MARKHAM GERVASE>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MARKHAM, GERVASE.
COUNTREY CONTENTMENTS, 1615.
THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 613.
AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM
LTD. AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS INC.,
1973 (FACSIMILE).
PP. 71.10  - 79.13       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 104.15 - 114.13      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 71>
[}CHAP. IIII.}]

[}OF HORSES FOR TRAUELL; AND HOW TO MAKE THEM AMBLE.}]

   The (^Husbandman^) whose occupation is the
generall affaires of the common wealth, 
as some to the Markets, some to the Citie,
and some to the seates of Iustice; must
necessarilie be imploied almost in continuall
trauell: And therefore it is meet that he be prouided
euer of a good and easie trauelling (^Horse^) .
   The markes whereby he shall chuse a good trauelling
(^Horse^) , are these; he shall be of good colour and shape,
leane headed, and round foreheaded, a full eie, open nostrell,
wide iawed, loose thropld, deepe neckt, thin crested,
broad breast, flat chind, out ribd, cleane limbd, short
iointed, strong hooued, well mettald, neither fiery nor
crauing, strong in euerie member and easie to mount and
get vp vpon; he shall follow without haling, and stand stil
when he is restrained.
   Now for as much as there are a world of good (^Horses^) ,
which are not easie, and a world of easie (^Horses^) which
are not good; you shall by these directions following,
<P 72>
make anie (^Horse^) amble whatsoeuer: first then you shall
vnderstand that practise hath made diuers men beleeue
that diuers waies they can make a (^Horse^) amble, as by        #
gagging
them in the mouthes, by toiling them in deepe
earth, by the helpe of shooes, by galloping and tiring or
such like, all which are ill and imperfect: yet the truth
is, there is but one certaine and true way to compasse it;
and that is to make of strong garthwebbe, flat and well
quilted with cotton, foure pastornes for the smals of his
fore legs, vnder his knees, and for the smals of his hinder
legs somewhat below the spauen ioints, to these pasterns,
you shall fixe strong straps of leather, with good iron
buckles, to make shorter or longer at pleasure; and hauing
plac't them about his foure legs, you shall take two
seuerall round roapes, of an easie twist made with strong
loopes at either end, and not aboue eight handfuls in
length: And these the (^Horse^) standing in a true proportion,
you shall fasten to the foure straps of leather; to
wit one of them to his neere forelegs, and his nere hinder
leg, and the other to his farre fore leg, and his far hinder
leg; which is cald amongst (^horsemen^) trauelling: with these
you shall let him walke in some inclosed peece of ground
till he can so perfectlie goe in the same, that when at anie
time you offer to chase him, you may see him amble trulie
and swiftlie: Then you shall take his backe and ride
him with the same tramels, at least three or foure times
a day, till you find that he is so perfect that no way can
be so rough and vneuen, as to compell him to alter his
stroke of goe vnnimblie: This done, you may first take
away one tramell, then after the other, and onelie wreath
about vnder his foure fet lockes, thicke and heauie, great
rolds of hey or straw ropes, and so ride him with the same
a good space after, for it will make him amble easie: then
cut them away, and ride and exercise him without anie
<P 73>
thing, bur the ordinary helpe of the bridles, and there is
no doubt but he will keep his pace to your full contentment
and pleasure.
   Now during this time of your teaching, if your (^horse^)
strike not a large stroak and ouer-reach enough, then you
shall make the trauell the straiter; but if he ouer-reach
too much, then you shall giue it more libertie, and herein
you shall finde that an inch straightning, or an inch           #
inlarging,
will adde or abate at least halfe a foote in his full
and direct stroake. And thus much touching the teaching
of anie (^horse^) to amble of what naure or qualitie
so euer hee be, or how vnapt or vntowarde soeuer to
learne. 

[}CHAP. V.}]
                        
[}OF THE ORDERING AND DYETTING OF THE HUNTING HORSE.}]

   Some loue hunting for the exercise of their
owne bodies, some for the chase they hunt,
some for the running of the hounds, and
some for the training of their (^horses^) , wherby
they may finde the excellencies of their
goodnes aud indurant: to him therefore which placeth
his delight in the goodnesse of his (^horse^) , I would wish
him thus to order and diet him, and hee shall most assuredly
come to the true knowledge of the best worth
which is within him; and if in these rules which I now
shewe I bee lesse curious then formerly I haue beene;
let no man wonder thereat, but know, that Time (which
is the mother of experience) doth, in our labours, shewe
vs more newe and more neerer waies to our ends, then at
the first wee conceiued; and though when I first practiced
<P 74>
this art I knew not how to bring a very fat (^horse^) from
(^Michaelmas^) till (^Christmas^) to shewe his vtmost           #
perfection,
knowe now in one first moneth (though neuer so fowle)
how to make him fit for any wager, daring now boldly
to aduenture on that with which before I thought almost
present death to offer: thus doth obseruation and 
labour finde out the darkest secrets in art.
   To begin then with the first ordering of a hunting
(^horse^) , you shall know that the best time to take him from
grasse is about (^Bartholmew^) tide, the day being faire drie
and pleasant; and as soone as he is taken vp, to let him
stand all that night in anie vaste house to empty his body,
the next day stable him, and giue him wheate strawe
if you please, but no longer in any wise; for though the 
olde rule is to take vp (^horses^) bellies with strawe; yet it
straightneth the guts, heates the liuer, and hurteth the
winde: therefore let onely moderate exercise, as riding
him forth to water morning and euening, and other airings
do what you expect strawe should, and for his food
let it be hey that is sweet though rough, and either old or
at least well sweat it the mowe.
   After his belly is emptied you shall cloath him first
with a single cloath, whilest the heat indureth, and after
with more as you shall see occasion require, and when
you begin to cloath the (^horse^) , then you shall dresse,      #
curry
and rubbe him also; now forasmuch as it is a rule with
ignorant (^horse-men^) , that if they haue but the name of
keeping a hunting-horse, they will with all care (without
anie reason) lay many cloathes vpon him, as if it were a
speciall phisiche, you shall knowe they are much deceiued
therein, and may sooner doe hurt then good with
multiplicitie of cloathes; therefore to cloath a (^horse^)
right, cloath him according to the weather, and the temper
of his bodie: as thus, if you see your (^horse^) be slight,
<P 75>
smooth and well coloured, then cloath him temperately
as with a single cloth, of canuase or sackcloath at the
most; and if then, as the yeere growes colder, you finde
his haire rise or stare about his necke, flanks, or outward
parts; then you shall adde to a woollen cloath, or more
if neede require till his haire fall smooth againe, holding
it for your rule that a rough coat shews want of cloathes,
and a smooth coate, cloathing enough: yet if your (^horse^)
haue bin cleane fedde, taken exercise sufficient and hath
not much glut within him, if then you find that in the
night he sweateth in his cloathes, then it is a signe hee is 
ouer-fedde, but if hee be fowle inwardly, or hath out
sweat formerly, and now sweats coming to good feeding
then you shall augment rather then diminish anie cloathing,
for his fowlenesse but then breaketh out, and being
euacuated he will come to drienesse of bodie againe,
and so continue all the yeere after; and surely for an          #
ordinarie
proportion of cloathes, I hold a canuasse cloath,
and a cloath of Houswiues woollen to be at full sufficient
for a hunting (^horse^) .
   A hunting (^horse^) would bee drest in his daies of rest
twice a day, that is, before hee goe to his morning
watring, and before hee goe to his euening watering;
for the manner of his dressing after he is vncloathed, you
shall first currie him from the tips of the eare to the setling
on of his taile, all his whole bodie most entirely ouer
with an iron combe, his legges vnder the knees and
cambrels only excepted, then you shall dust him, then
currie him againe all ouer with a round brush of bristels,
then dust him the second time, then rubbe all the loose
haires awaie with your hands wet in cleane water, and so
rubbe till the (^horse^) be as drie as at the first, then       #
rubbe all
his bodie and limbes ouer with an (^haire-cloath^) . Lastly,
rubbe him ouer with a fine white linnen rubber, then
<P 76>
picke his eyes, nostrels, sheath, coddes, tuell an
feete very cleane, and so cloath him and stop him round
with wispes, if you water within the house, otherwise saddle
him after his body is wrapt about in a wollen cloath,
and so ride him forth to the water.
   The best water for a hunting (^Horse^) is, either a running
riuer, or a cleere spring, remote from the stable a mile, or
a mile and a halfe at most, and neere vnto some plaine
peece of ground, where you may scope and gallop after
he hath drunke, and as soone as you bring your (^Horse^)
to the water let him take his full draught without trouble
or interruption: then gallop and scope him vp and
downe a little, and so bring him to the water againe, and
let him drinke what he please: and then gallop him againe;
and thus doe till you find he will drinke no more,
then hauing scop't him a little, walke him with all gentlenesse
home and there cloath him vp, stop him round
with great soft wispes, and so let him stand an houre vpon
his bridle and then feed him.
   To speake first of the food for hunting (^Horses^) , the
most ordinary is good sweet found oates, either throughly
dried with age, or els on the kilne, and if your (^Horse^) be
either low of flesh, or not of perfect stomacke, if to two
parts of those oates you adde a third part of cleane old
beanes, it shall be very good and wholsome, and if your
(^Horse^) be in diet for a match and haue lost his stomake, if
then you cause those beanes to be spelted vpon a milne,
and so mixt with oats it will recouer him. The next
food which is somewhat stronger, and better, is bread
thus made: Take two bushels of good cleane beanes, and
one bushell of wheat and grind them together, then 
through a fine raunge bolt out the quantity of two pecks
of pure meale, and bake it in two or three loues by it
selfe, and the rest sift through a meale siue, and kneade
<P 77>
it with water and good store of barme, and so bake it in
great loues, and with the courser bread feed your (^Horse^)
in his rest, and with the finer against the daies of sore       #
labor.
Now for the houres of his feeding it shall be in the
morning after his comming from water, an houre after
hie noone, after his comming from his euening water,
and at nine or ten of the clocke at night vpon the daies
of his rest, but vpon the daies of his exercise, two howers
after he is thorowly colde inwardly, and outwardlie,
and then after according to the houres before mentioned.
Lastly for the proportion of food, you shall keepe
no certaine quantity, but according to the (^Horses^) stomacke:
that is to say, you shall feede him by a little at
once, so long as hee eates with a good appetite, but
when hee beginnes to trifle or stumble with his meat,
then to giue him no more. Now for his hey you shall
see that it be hie short vplandish hey, and so it be sweet,
respect not how course or rough it is; sith it is more to
scower his teeth and coole his stomacke: then for any
nourishment expected from him.
   Touching the (^Horses^) exercise, which is onely in the
following of the (^hounds^) , you shall be sure to traine him
after those which are most swift and speedy, for so you
shall know the truth, and not be deceiued in your opinion:
Touching the daies it shall be twice a weeke at least,
but most commonly thrice: As for the quantity of his 
exercise it must be according to his foulenes or cleannes;
for if he be very foule you must then exercise moderatelie
to breake his grease, if halfe foule, halfe cleane, then
somewhat more to melt his grease, and if altogether
cleane; then you may take what you please of him (prouided
that you doe nothing to discourage his sprits) to
abate his mettall, or to lame his limbes, and after euery
daies exercise be assured to giue him either the same night
<P 78>
or the next day following, something by way of scowring
or otherwise to take away the grease formerly melted,
by meanes whereof you shall be euer sure to keepe
your (^Horse^) in all good health and perfection. 
   The best and most excellentest way to scower or purge
your (^Horse^) from all grease, glut or filthinesse, within his
body which is a secret hitherto was neuer either sufficiently
taught or perfectly learned; is to take of Anyseeds
three ounces, of Cumming seeds sixe drammes, of
Carthamus a dramme and a halfe, of Fenegreeke-seede
one ounce two drammes, of Brimstone one ounce and a
halfe, beate all these to a fine powder and searse them;
then take of sallet oyle a pinte and two ounces, of honie
a pound and a halfe, and of white wine iiij. pints, then
with as much fine white meale as will suffice, make all into
a strong stiffe paste and kneade and worke it well: this
paste keepe in a cleane cloth for it will last long, and after
your (^horse^) hath been hunted and is at night, or in the
morning exceeding thirstie, take a ball thereof as much
as a mans fist and wash and dissolue it in a gallond or two
of colde water, and it will make the water looke white
like milke, then offer it the (^horse^) to drinke in the darke,
least the colour displease him; if he drinke it then feede
him, but if he refuse to drinke it, yet care not but let him
fast without drinke till he take it, which assuredly he will
doe in twice or thrice offering, and after once he hath taken
it be then assured he will forsake any other drink for 
it: of this drinke your (^Horse^) can neuer take too much, 
nor too oft if hee haue exercise, otherwise it feedes too
sore, and from all inward infirmities whatsoeuer it is a
present remedio: therefore I would not wish any (^Horse-man^)
of vertue at any time to be without it, and being
once made it will last three or fowre moneths at least.
   After your (^horse^) hath beene exercised, either with 
<P 79>
hunting, running traine-sents or otherwise, you shall euer
coole him well in the fielde before you bring him
home, but being come to the stable, you shall neither
washe nor walke but instantly house him, giue him store
of fresh litter and rubbe him therewith and with drie
cloathes till there bee not a wet haire about him, then
cloath him with his ordinarie cloathes and wispe him
round, then cast another spare cloath ouer him, which
you may bate at your pleasure, and so let him stand till it
be time to feede him. And thus you may keep any hunting
(^horse^) either for match or otherwise, in as good state
and strength as any (^Horse man^) in this kingdome, though
he exceede you farre both in reputation and experience.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 104>
[}CHAP. IIII.}]

[}OF DAIRIES, BUTTER, CHEESE, AND THE NECESSARIE THINGS         #
BELONGING
TO THAT OFFICE.}]

   There followeth now in his place after these
knowledges alreadie rehearsed, the ordering
and gouernment of Dairies, with the profits
and commodities belonging to the same;
and first touching the stocke wherewith to
furnish Dairies: it is to be vnderstood that they must bee
Kine of the best choice and breed that our English hous-wife
can possibly attaine vnto; as of bigge bone, faire
shape, right bredde, and deepe of Milke, gentle, and
kindely.
   Touching the bignesse of bone, the larger that euerie
cow is, the better she is: for when either age, or mischance
shall disable her for the payle, being of large bone she may
be fed, and made fit for the shambles; and so no losse, but
<P 105>
profit, and ay other to the payle as good and sufficient as
her selfe.
   For her shape it must a little differ from the Butchers
rules; for being chose for the Dairie, she must haue all the 
signes of plenty of milke, as a crumpl'd horne, a thinne
necke, a hayrie dewlappe, and a verie large vdder, with
foure teats, long, thicke, and sharpe at the ends, for the
most part either all white of what colour soeuer the cow
be, or at least the fore part thereof, and if it bee well haird
before and behinde, and smooth in the bottome, it it is a
good signe also.
   As touching the right breed of Kine through our nation
generally affoordeth verie good ones, yet some countries
doe farre exceed other countries; as (^Che shire, Lanca-shire,
Yorke-shire^) , and (^Darbie-shire^) for black Kine;            #
(^Glocester-shire,
Somerset shire^) , and some part of (^Wilt-shire^) for red
Kine, and (^Lincolne-shire^) pide kine: and from the breeds of
these Countries generally doe proceed the breeds of all
other, howsoeuer dispersed ouer the whole Kingdome.
Now for our hus-wifes direction, shee shall choose her dairie
from any of their best breeds before named, according
as her opinion and delight shall gouerne her, onely obseruing,
not to mix her breeds of diuerse kindes, but to haue
all of one intire choice without variation, because it is
vnprofitable; neither must you by any meanes haue your
Bull a forrener from your Kine, but absolutely either of
one Countrie, or of one shape and colour: Againe in the
choice of your Kine you must looke diligently to the
goodnesse and fertility of the soile wherein you liue, and
by al meanes buy no Kine from a place that is more fruitful
then your owne, but rather harder; for the later will
prosper and come on, the other will decay and fall into
disease; as the pissing of blood, and such like, for which      #
disease
and all other you may finde assured cures in a little 
<P 106>
booke I published, called (^Cheape and good^) .
   For the depth of milke in Kine (which is the giuing of
most milke) being the maine of a Hus-wifes profit, shee
shall bee verie carefull to haue that quality in her beasts.
Now those Kine are said to be deepest of milke, which are
new bare; that is, which haue but lately calued, and haue
their milke deepe springing in their vdders, for at that
time she giueth the most milke; and if the quantity then
be not conuenient, doutlesse the cow cannot be said to be
of deep milch: and for the quantity of milke, for a Cow
to giue two gallons at a meale, is rare, and extraordinarie; 
to giue a gallon and a halfe is much, and conuenient, and
to giue but a gallon certaine is much, and not to be found
fault with: againe, those Kine are said to be deep of milke
which though they giue not so exceeding much milke as
others, yet they giue a reasonable quantity, and giue it
long as al the yeere through, whereas other Kine that giue
more in quantity, wil goe drie, being with calfe some three
moneths, some two, and some one, but these wil giue
their vsuall measure euen the night before they calue; and
therefore are said to be Kine deep of milke. Now for the
retained opinion, that the Cow which goeth not drie at 
all, or very little, bringeth not foorth so good a Calfe as
the other, because it wanteth much of the nourishment it
should enioy it is vaine and friuolous; for should the          #
substance
from whence the milke proceedeth conuert to the
other intended nourishment, it would bee so superabundant,
that it would conuert either to disease, or putrifaction:
but letting these secret reasons passe, there bee
some kine which are so exceedingly ful of milk, that they
must bee milkt at least thrice a daie, at morning, noone, &
euening, or else they will shed their milke, but it is a fault
rather then a vertue, & proceedeth more from a laxatiuenesse
or loosenesse of milke, then from any abundance
<P 107>
for I neuer saw those three meales, yet equall the two
meales of a good Cow, and therefore they are not truely
called deepe of milke.
   Touching the gentlenesse of kine, it is a vertue as fit to
be expected as any other; for if she bee not affable to the
maide, gentle, and willing to come to the paile and patient
to haue her dugges drawne without skittishnesse,
striking, or wildnesse, shee is vtterly vnfitte for the Dayrie.
   As a Cow must be gentle to her milker, so she must bee
kindly in her owne nature; that is apt to conceiue, and
bring foorth, fruitfull to nourish, and louing to that which
springs from her; for so she bringeth foorth a double profit;
the one for the time present which is in the dairie; the
other for the time to come; which is in the maintenance 
of the stocke, and vpholding of breede.
   The best time for a Cow to calue in for the Dairie, is in
the later ende of (^March^) , and all (^Aprill^) ; for then     #
grasse beginning
to spring to its perfect goodnesse will occasion
the greatest increase of milke that may be: and one good
early Cow will counteruaile two later; yet the calues thus
calued are not to be reared, but suffered to feed vpon their
Dammes best milke, and then to be sould to the Butchers,
and surely the profit will equall charge; but those Calues
which fall in (^October, Nouember^) , or any time of the depth
of winter may well be reared vp for breed, because the
maine profit of the dayrie is then spent, and such breede
will holde vp and continue the stocke, prouided that you
reare not vp any calues which are calued in the prime
daies, for they generally are subiect to the disease of the
sturdie, which is dangerous and mortall.
   The Housewife which only hath respect to her Dayry,
and for whose knowledge this discourse is written (for
we haue shewed the (^Grasier^) his office in the (^English      #
Hus-bandman^) )
<P 108>
must reare her Calues vpon the finger with
floten milke, and not suffer them to run with the dammes;
the generall manner whereof, and the cure of all the diseases
incident to them and all other cattell is fully declared
in the booke called (^Cheape and good^) .
   To proceed then to the generall vse of Dairies it consisteth
first in the cattell (of which we haue spoken sufficiently)
then in the howers of milking, the ordering of the
milke and the profits arising from the same.
   The best and most commended howers for milking
are indeede but two in the day, that is in the spring and
summer time which is the best season, for the dairie is betwixt
fiue and sixe in the morning, and sixe and seauen a
clocke in the euening: and although nice and curious
Hus-wiues will haue a third howre betwixt them, as betweene
twelue and one in the after-noone, yet the better
experienst doe not allowe it and say as I beleeue, that two
good meales of milk are better euer then three bad ones:
also, in the milking of a Cowe the woman must sit on the
neare side of the Cowe, she must gently at first handle and
stretch her dugges, and moisten them with milke that
they may yeeld out the milke the better and with lesse
paine; shee shall not settle her selfe to milke, nor fixe her
paile firme to the ground till she see the Cowe stand sure
and firme, but be ready vpon any motion of the Cowe to
saue her paile from ouer-turning; when she seeth all things
answerable to her desire she shall then milke the Cowe
boldly, and not leaue stretching and straining of her teats
til not one drop of milke more wil come from them, for
the worst point of Hus-wifery that can bee is to leaue a
Cowe halfe milkt, for besides the losse of the milke it is
the only way to make a Cowe drie and vtterly vnprofitable
for the Dairy: the Milke-mayd whilst she is in milking
shal do nothing rashly or sodainly about the Cowe, which 
<P 109>
may affright or amase her, but as she came gently so withall
gentlenes she shall depart.
   Touching the well ordering of milke after it is come 
home to the Dairie, the maine point belonging therunto
is the Hus-wiues cleanlinesse in the sweet and neate keeping
of the Dairy house, where not the least moat of any
filth may by any meanes appeare, but all things either to
the eye or nose so voide of sowernesse or sluttishnesse, that
a Princes bed-chamber must not exceed it; to this must 
be added the sweet and delicate keeping of her milke vessels,
whether they be of wood, earth or lead, the best of
which is yet disputable with the best Hus-wiues; only this
opinion is generally receiued, that the woodden vessell
which is round and shallow is best in colde vaults, the earthen
vessels principall for long keeping, and the leaden
vessell for yeelding of much creame: but howsoeuer, any 
and all these must be carefully scalded once a day, and set 
in the open aire to sweeten, least getting any taint of         #
sowernesse
into them, they corrupt the milk that shall be put
therein.
   But to proceed to my purpose, after your milk is come 
home, you shall as it were straine it from all vncleane
things through a neate and sweet kept syle the form wherof
euery Hus-wife knowes, and the bottome of this sile,
through which the milke must passe shall be couered with
a very cleane washt fine linnen cloth, such an one as will
not suffer the least mote or haire to goe through it: you
shall into euery vessell sile a pretty quantitie of milk,       #
according
to the proportion of the vessell, which the broader
it is and the shallower it is, the better it is, and yeeldeth
euer the best creame, and keepeth the milke longest from
sowring.
   Now for the profits arising from milke, they are three
of especiall account, as Butter, Cheese, and Milke, to be 
<P 110>
eaten either simple or compounded: as for Curds, sowre
Milke, or Whigge, they come from secondary meanes,
and therefore may not bee numbred with these.
   For your Butter which onely proceedeth from the
Creame, which is the verie heart and strength of Milke,
it must be gathered very carefullie, diligentlie, and           #
painefullie:
And though cleanlinesse be such an ornament to a
Huswife, that if shee want anie part thereof, shee looseth
both that and all good names else: yet in this action it
must be more seriouslie imploid then in anie other.
   To beginne then with the fleeting or gathering of
your Creame from the Milke, you shall doe it in this manner:
The Milke which you did milke in the morning you
shall with a fine thinne shallow dish made for the purpose,
take of the Creame about fiue of the clocke in the euening
and the Milke which you did milke in the euening
you shall fleete and take of the Creame about fiue of the
clocke the next morning, and the creame so taken off,
you shall put into a cleane sweet and well leaded earthen
pot close couered and set in a coole place: And this creame
so gathered you shall not keepe aboue two daies in the
Summer, and not aboue foure in the Winter, if you will
haue the sweetest and best butter: and that your Dairie
containe fiue Kine or more; but how many or few soeuer
you keepe, you shall not by any meanes preserue your
Creame aboue 3. daies in summer, and not aboue sixe in
the Winter.
   Your Creame being neately and sweet kept, you shall 
churme or churne it on those vsuall daies which are fittest
either for your vse in the house or the markets adioining
neere vnto you, according to the purpose for which you
keepe your Dayrie. Now the daies most accustomablie
held amongst ordinary Huswiues, are Tuesday and Friday:
Tuesday in the after noone, to serue Wednesday morning
<P 111>
market, and Fryday morning to serue Saturday market;
for Wensday and Saturday are the most generall market
daies of this Kingdome, and Wenseday, Friday, and
Saturday, the vsual fasting daies of the weeke; and so meetest
for the vse of butter. Now for churming take your 
creame and through a strong and cleane cloth straine it
into the churne; and then couering the churne close; and
setting it in a place fit for the action in which you are       #
imploid
as in the summer in the coolest place of your dairy, 
and exceeding early in the morning, or very late in the 
euening, and in the Winter in the warmest place of your
dairie, and in the most temperate howres, as about noone,
or a little before, or after, and so churne it with swift
strokes marking the noise of the same which will be solid,
heauy and intyre vntill you heare it alter, and the sound
is light, sharp, and more spirity: and then you shal say that
your butter breakes, which perceiued both by this sound,
the lightnesse of the churne-staffe, and the sparkes and
drops, which will appeare yellow about the lippe of the
churne, and clense with your hand both the lidde and inward
sides of the churne, and hauing put all together,
you shall couer the churne againe, and then with easie
stroakes round, and not to the bottome, gather the butter
together into one intire lumpe and body, leauing no
peeces thereof seuerall or vnioyned.
   Now for as much as there bee manie mischiefes and            #
inconueniences
which may happen to butter in the churning,
because it is a bodie of much tendernesse, and neither
will endure much heate, nor much colde: for if it be 
ouer heated, it will looke white, crumble, and be bitter in
tast; and if it be ouer cold it will not come at all, but make
you wast much labour in vaine, which faults to helpe if
you churne your butter in the heate of Sommer it shall
not be amisse, if during the time of your churning you
<P 112>
place your Churn in a paile of cold water as deep as your 
Creame riseth in the Churne; and in the churning thereof
let your stroakes goe slow, and be sure that your churne
be cold when you put in your creame: but if you churne
in the coldest time of Winter, you shall then put in
your kreame before the churne be cold after it hath been
scalded; and you shall place it within the aire of the fire,
and churne it with as swift stroakes, and as fast as may be, 
for the much labouring thereof will keepe it in a continuall
warmth, and thus you shall haue your butter good,
sweete, and according to your wish. After your butter is 
churnd, or churnd and gathered well together in your
churne, you shall then open your churne, and with both
your hands gather it well together, and take it from the
buttermilke, and put it into a very cleane boule of wood,
or panshion of earth sweetned for the purpose, and if you
intend to spend the butter sweet and fresh, you shal haue
your boule or panshion filled with very cleane water, and
therein with your hand you shall worke the butter, turning,
and tossing it to and fro till you haue by that labor
beaten and washt out all the buttermilke, and brought the
butter to a firme substance of it selfe without any other
moisture, which done, you shall take the butter from the
water, and with the point of a knife scorch and slash the
butter ouer and ouer euerie waie so thick as is possible,
leauing no part through which your knife must not passe;
for this will clense and fetch out the smallest haire or
mote, or ragge of strainer, and any other thing which by
casuall meanes may happen to fall into it.
   After this you shall shreade the butter in boule thin,
and take so much salt as you shal think conuenient, which
must by no meanes be much for sweet butter, and sprinkle
it thereupon, then with your hands worke the butter 
and the salt exceedingly well together, and then make it
<P 113>
vp either into dishes, pounds, or halfe pounds at your
pleasure.
   If during the month of (^May^) before you salt your butter
you saue a lumpe thereof and put it into a vessell, and
so set it into the sunne the space of that moneth, you shall
finde it exceeding soueraigne & medicinable for wounds,
straines, aches, and such like grieuances.
   Touching the poudring vp or potting of butter, you
shall by no meanes as in fresh butter wash the butter-milke
out with water, but onely worke it cleere out with
your hands: for water will make the butter rusty, or reesse; 
this done you shall weigh your butter, and know how many
pounds there is thereof: for should you weigh it after
it were salted, you would be deceiued in the weight, which
done you shall open the butter, and salt it verie well and
throughly, beating it in with your hand till it be generally
disperst through the whole butter; then take cleane earthen
pots, exceedingly well leaded, least the brine should
leake through the same, and cast salt into the bottome
of it: then lay in your butter, and presse it downe hard
within the same, and when your pot is filled, then couer
the top thereof with salt so as no butter be seene: then        #
closing
vp the pot let it stand where it may be cold and safe.
but if your Dairy be so little that you cannot at first fil vp
the pot, you shall then when you haue potted vp so much 
as you haue, couer it all ouer with salt.
   Now there be hus-wiues whose dairies being great, can
by no meanes conueniently haue their butter contained
in pots; as in (^Holland, Suffolke, Norfolke^) , and such       #
like, and
therefore are first to take barrels very close and wel made,
and after they haue salted it well, they fill their barrels
therewith, then they take a small stick, cleane, and sweete,
and therewith make diuerse holes downe through the
<P 114>
butter euen to the bottome of the larraill: and then make
a strong brine of water and salt which will beare an egge,
and after it is boil'd, well skimm'd and cool'd; then poure
it vpon the toppe of the butter till it swimme aboue the
same, and so let it settle. Some vse to boile in this brine a
braunch or two of Rosemarie, and it is not amisse, but
pleasant and wholsome.
   Now although you may at anie time betwixt (^May^) and
(^September^) pot vp butter, obseruing to doe it in the coolest
time of the morning: yet the most principall season of all
is in the Month of (^May^) onelie; for then the aire is most
temperat, and the butter will take salt the best, and the lest 
subiect to reesing.



<B CESCIE2A>
<Q E2 EX SCIM CLOWES>
<N STRUMA>
<A CLOWES WILLIAM>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE MEDICINE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H HIGH>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CLOWES, WILLIAM.
TREATISE FOR THE ARTIFICIALL
CURE OF STRUMA, 1602.
THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 238.
AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS
TERRARVM AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO
PRESS, 1970 (FACSIMILE).
PP. 9.1 - 36.18^]

[^THE FOLLOWING ABBREVIATIONS ARE USED:
R.  STANDS FOR Recipe (imperative sg. 'Take')
q s STANDS FOR quantum sufficit ('as much as will suffice')

SYMBOLS AND OTHER INDICATIONS OF WEIGHT IN THE 
LISTS ARE OMITTED.^]


<P 9>
   The Cure of the foresaid Euill is manyfolde: to
wit, inwardly and outwardly, and is performed
by two speciall remedies: the one (^Medicinall^) , and
the other (^Instrumentall^) , without the which fewe good
workes or Cures in Chyrurgery can be brought to perfection:
The reason is, because in this Cure, the vncleanenesse 
of the body is such, which feedes the matter
of the disease. Therefore, first of all the matter must be
purged, for as it is said, the roote of al the Cure is y=e= wel
purging of the body, whereby Nature is the better enabled 
to expell and vnburden her selfe of many bad and 
vnprofitable humours. And now (by the fauour of the
learned) I will therefore begin with remedies (^Medicinall^) ,
according to the maner of Method, published by
(^Calmatheus^) , one whome amongst many other learned
men in Phisicke and Chirurgery, I haue obserued
most diligently, as it were a Day-starre or Christallin
cleare looking glasse, following him with feruent zeale
and earnest desire: by reason (as it seemeth vnto me) he
was not ignorant in any thing that might make for the
truth of his writing, chiefly for the Cure of the foresaid
Euill. Yet (I protest) I am no such deuote fauorite of
his, or any other mans whatsoeuer, further then iustly
they haue deserued: which is the onely cause that hath
mooued mee to haue a reuerent estimation of him and
all other learned men, whether they doe remaine beyond
the Sea, or otherwise abide with vs at home.

   Now followeth the maner of Methode, by Phisicall 
remedies for the Cure of (^Struma^) , or the Euill
which our Kings or Queenes haue and doe
still Cure: the experimentall proofe thereof I haue often
times seene effected: wherefore I will be short, and
presently proceede vnto the first intention.
<P 10>
[}THE FIRST INTENTION PHISICALL BY
INWARD MEANES.}]

   The first Intention (after (^Calmatheus^) ) fit
the 12. Chap. of his book, for the general
cure of (^Vnnaturall Tumours^) , is that the
curing of this disease called (^Struma^) , doth
co~sist in Dyet that dryeth moderately, &
heateth and attenuateth the humours:
Hunger is profitable, and fulnes is hurtfull: Sleep and
Idlenes are euill: exercise before meate very good:
the vse of (^Sulphure^) or Alume water, is very good and 
profitable.

[}THE SECOND INTENTION PHISICALL
BY INWARD MEANES.}]

   The second Intention is the vse of breaking, attenuating, 
mundifying & opening Medicaments; as
are these Remedies now following. (^viz.^)
(\Recipe. Rad, Ireos. Cort.Sambucj.\)
Boiled in white wine, then adde vnto this decoction, a
quantity of Ginger. For this decoction breaketh, attenuateth,
openeth & mundifieth dolorous (^tumors^) : so doth
it also prouoke vrine, w=c= in this affect is a special matter.
   The often vse of the Pilles of (\Hiera simplex\) is much
commended to cast out Flegme of the stomacke & guts.
   But if so be that thou wilt purge the whole body, thou
shalt vse the Pilles of (\Agarico Coccis\) : if thou list to    #
dissolue
& cast out Phlegme, these Pils following must be
taken, (^viz.^) (\Pillulae de Sagap: de Opopan, de Elleboro, de
Euphorbio\) . The Phisitians in times past commended
the powder of (^Turbith, Ginger^) , and (^Suger^) , of each     #
equall
parts: The (^Doses^) whereof was to two (^Dragmes^) .
<P 11>
[}THE THIRD INTENTION PHISICALL
BY INWARD MEANES.}]

   The third Intention is the vse of this powder,
which doth consume (as they terme it) the Antecedent 
matter, which it doth as well by his manifest 
quality, and (as they say) by a secret property.

(^This powder doth consume Phlegme, by little & little.^)

(\R. Rad. Aristo. Rotundae.
Raphani. 
Spattulae foetidae.
Fol. Pimpinell.
Pilosell.
Rutae Maioris.
Scrophulariae.
Philipend.
Semen Anisi.
Zingiber.
Turbith Optimi
Sene Orient.
Saccari Albissimi.\)

   Make all these into powder, and let the Patient take
euery day in the morning a Spoonefull, with white
Wine, or the water of Broome.
   (^Guido^) taketh the forenamed powders, and boyleth
them in white Wine vntill halfe, & giueth euery third
day one quarter thereof.
   (^Galen^) approoueth & commendeth the vse of (\Theriaca
Vetus, Athanasia et Ambrosia\) . The vse of (\Aurea             #
Alexa~drina\)
for the co~forting of y=e= stomack, is very good. Also it is    #
said
<P 12>
that (\Theriaca Athanasia\) doe both resolue, breake and
digest humours, being compact and gathered together
in the profundity of the body.
   (^Mercurialis^) saith moreouer, that about the purging of
children (which is diligently to be obserued) the state of
children is weake, that it must bee handled with verie
gentle medicines, & rather to be often repeated, & more
easier then to minister any stronge Medicines: therfore
the belly shall thus be mollifyed.

(\R. Mellis Rosatj.
Decoctionis fructuum.
Foliorum Senae.\)

   But that the humours may be prepared, it must bee
done with this Medicine.

(\R. Folior. Scrophulariae
Plantaginis.
Betonicae.
Menthae.\) 

   Make a Decoction according to Arte, and then take of
the said Decoction (\Syrup Rosatj recentis, Oxymel.
simplisis\) Mingle these : When the humours
bee prepared, they may be purged with this Medicine.

(\R. Agaricj Trochiscat.
Squinantj. gra.\)

   Steep them in Betony water and straine them and
put thereto.

(\R. Mellis Rosatj solutiuj.
Electuarii de Psylio.
Decoctionis Cordialis
Polipodio.\)

   Thus much as concerning this briefe note, or compendious
Methode of the forenamed Authors, which 
may very well serue for a very fit President or beginning
<P 13>
to the rest that followeth: Now it remaineth
that I make heere also report of the singular and rare
efficacy of our manuel operation therunto annexed and
belonging, with the right vse of the topicall or outward
remedies, which is to be externally applyed. The reason
is, because it is referred vnto the skilfull Chirurgians
manuel or handy working, for the Cure of this
great Infirmity, which doth outwardly affect the superficiall 
parts of the body.
   For (as saith (^Iacobus Ruffus^) ) that to the perfection
and accomplishing of the foresaid Cure (called, (^The
Euill by the King, or Queene Cured^) ) he doth reduce it into
sixe Intentions Chirurgicall, as followeth. The experimentall
verifying of his excellent skill in this disease,
as also in many others, is by diuers worthy men
often times commended: which Malady doth vexe and
trouble most pitifully the common sort of people.

The first Intention is,
(\In Attritione, et Compressione\) . 1
The second Intention is,
(\In Discussione, et Resolutione\) . 2
The third Intention is,
(\In Suppuratione et Maturatione\) . 3
The fourth Intention is,
(\In Incisione et Extractione\) . 4
The fift Intention is,
(\In Corrosione et Mundificatione\) . 5
The sixt Intention is,
(\In Obligatione et Evultione\) . 6

   Also (after (^Fuchsius^) and other leaned men) it is         #
accordingly
to be vnderstood as followeth: who also
hath written of these Phlegmaticall or Glandulous abcessions
called (^Struma^) .
<P 14>
   If (say they) these abscessions that bee seated in the
stronge parts of the body, and because they are not yet
olde and inueterate, hauing a thin (^Cystis^) that couereth
them: these are to be appeased and consumed, and after
dryed vp.

[}THE FIRST INTENTION CHYRURGICALL BY
OUTWARD MEANES.}]

   Now I will set downe Examples and 
Instances for the Cure of the said Malady,
the which I haue obserued and
gathered (as heereafter ensueth) for
the perfection and accomplishing of the
before named first Intention, if the
strength and ability of the Patient will serue and admit
the same. Then one chiefe thing (as you are before
tolde) is, that the Patient doe keep a thin & sparing dyet,
which is the efficient cause belonging vnto Phisick.
The reason is, as I haue noted, that those which are
thus affected, haue alwaies a great inclinatio~ to a grosse 
disordered liberty of feeding: Therefore the Patient
must be sustained with such meates, as are agreeable
to Nature, and to eschew such meates which make
grosse Juyce: and not (as it is said) to lay gorge vpon
gorge. And further yee shall note, though it bee said
before, that abstinence is greatly to be commended: yet
you must consider it is not meant, that Nature should
there by bee enfeebled, or ouerthrowne, and that especially
in weake bodyes, great care must be had: But
onely to keepe all possible abstinence, that is to eate and
drinke sparingly and measurably, onely to preserue the
strength, and to satisfie Nature: I meane, that it bee
such as is agreeable to the strength of the Patient, and
<P 15>
greatnes of the Infirmity.
   Likewise it is said, the often vse of purging and bleeding
on both the Armes, is profitable. Also, it is auailable
to vse Frictions, Rubbings, Borings, and Blisterings
is much praised after purgings, for it stoppeth
the flowing matter (being applyed vpon the head) by
revulsion or drawing back, & causeth euacuatio~. Moreouer, 
it is said, y=t= to discusse these kinds of (^Tumours^) which
are found in mooueable parts, & superficially lodged neer
vnto the outward parts, A plate of Leade is most familiar 
therfore, especially in young persons, by reason of
the raritye and softnes of the skinne: It is thought vnfit
(by diuers learned men) to blister Childrens heads
with (^Cantharides^) , it hath been seene to cause much paine
and pissing of bloud: but to doe it by aduisement, either
with Mustard or with Nettles, is good. 
   Also, many learned men, of a certaine knowledge and
sound vnderstanding, haue in their bookes greatly
commended a playster made thus: (\Recipe\) . Olde dryed
Goates dung, Hony and Vineger, being decocted at an
easie fire, to the consistence of a playster. Also, Doues
dung mingled with Hony, hath the same effect, So is it
by me also wel approoued, this plaister called (^Oxicroceum^) ,
whose composition is not far to be sought for.

(\R. Cerae, Picis, Colophen, Croci.
Terebinth, Galbanu~, Ammoniaci.
Mastici, Olibanum.\)

   Dissolue the Gums in Vineger, and powder that
which is to be powdred, & so make a plaister according
to Arte: Also a plaister of Figs baked and spred, and so
applyed vpon (^Struma^) is approoued good.
   Likewise, (\Oleum Cucumiris Asininus\) , dropped into the
eare, on that side where the (^Struma^) is, is most effectuall
to disperse and dissolue.
   In like maner, is generally commended (\Emplastru~ de
<P 16>
Ranis cum Mercurio\) , to be appropriate and respectiue in
this Cure, to consume superfluous humidity, engendring 
this disease. 
   Howbeit, vpon a time a certaine repyning enuious
man, being full gorged with a malicious rayling spirit,
being proudely giuen (in the gall of much bitternesse,
with many scandalous words, and bragging comparisons
ill beseeming his person) reported that the aforesaid
plaister (\De Ranis\) was dangerous vnto the patient;
and said, who so did holde the contrary opinion, it was
erroneous, foolish and deceiptfull: by reason (quoth hee)
of the coldnes of the Quick-siluer: and boldly did seeme
to maintaine the same, with a number of very spruse 
termes, and picked phrases, like as young Children vse
to doe, when (in mockery) they counterfeite a strange
kinde of language, & forsooth placed them as it were in
(^Geometrical^) proportions, as though he had bin the onely
Son of (^Archimedes^) that great (^Geometritian^) . In deed
it is a most true saying: (^That fish which is bred in the durt
will alwaies taste of the Mud^) : And I told him that I neuer
yet found any more coldnes in this Playster, then 
there is heate in a paynted fire. But this I doe speake
vpon mine owne knowledge, that there is as much difference 
in Arte and Judgement, betweene this odde fellow 
(which would seeme to bee a second (^AEsculapius^) )
and a man replenished with true knowledge indeed, as
is betweene a Master Cooke and a Scullian of a Kitchin.
Howbeit, hee said also, that his skill was such,
that if a man were wounded at (^Yorke^) , bring him the 
weapon that hurt the Patient, and he would cure him
(^forsooth^) by onely dressing of the weapon, and though
he neuer see the Patient. As certaine as the Sea burnes.
And now heere I will surcease to speake any further of
these matters, for I regarded not such sayings, sith it
is truely said; (^Euery man must yeeld an accompt, both of
<P 17>
his ease, and of his labour. Themistocles^) , a Captaine of
the (^Grecians^) (as Historians make mention) supposed it
better to be enuyed of the malicious, then to liue in Idlenes
and basenes of minde, without doing some good
for the benefit of his Country and Common wealth,
wherein he was borne and bred. Now to the second
Intention, and so in order with the rest as they doe lye,
and offer themselues vnto vs.

[}THE SECOND INTENTION CHYRURGICALL
BY OUTWARD MEANES.}]

   The second Intention Chirurgicall, is the right
vse of those remedies which doe mollifye, discusse
and consume great abscessions, which are not yet
hard and inueterate.
   And that the same is true, may easily be gathered as
followeth. And for that I wold haue this second Intention
made plaine (as much as in me lyeth) and also familiarly
knowne vnto the studyous Reader: I doe
therfore say, It is meete and conuenient, that those            #
Medicamentes
which are to bee vsed, be of the Nature and
property to molifie and discusse, and so to open the powers
of the skinne by euaporating, breathing and scattering
abroad, and make thinne the grosse matter and
Phlegme. Then for the better performance thereof,
without further discoursing, I will heere presently set
downe (as it were) a Store-house of diuers and sundry
approoued Chirurgicall remedyes, necessary for the curing
and safe healing of the forenamed (^Strumaeic^) and
(^Phlegmaticall^) sicknesse: The which from time to time
I haue by experience (the Mistris of all Artes and Sciences) 
carefully obserued, and faithfully also collected 
out of the famous writinges of sundry worthy Authors,
<P 18>
as also out of the fruitefull labours, of diuers
men famous in experience: whose painful trauailes and
studyes, haue (at this day) most excellently refined this
worthy Arte of Chyrurgerie from (^Barbarisme^) : otherwise
it is greatly to be feared, a number at this day had
not been so skilfull and rich in knowledge, and otherwise,
as they are said to be. Therefore we ought not to
thinke any study, paines, or trauaile too great, wherein
we hope of much benefit to our patients, and also profit
and commodity to our selues: And heere I must needs
say, (according to my poore ability) I haue my self been
very industrious for the common benefit, and good of
others, truly to set downe diuers approoued remedies of
mine own collection: wherin (to my knowledge) I haue
not in al this whole discourse, published any superfluous
and vnapprooued remedies, or otherwise kept backe any
worthy secret I had: but as did the (^Euangelicall^) and
heauenly woma~ mentioned in y=e= Scriptures, who presented
into the Lords Treasury al y=e= wealth & substance
she had. Notwithstanding, I haue read y=t= men in times
past did with great care & diligence consecrate & keep secret
(as a precious treasure vnto the~selues) al such chosen
& peculiar remedies, w=c= they had experienced & approoued 
for the curing & healing of any dangerous malady:
and (as it is said) bound themselues by oath one to
another, not to bewray their Secrets by their bookes or
writing. Howbeit, I more regarding the publick vtility
& good of posterity, did w=t= great care & diligence consider
with my self, what profit can there be to any ma~ to
bury his labors in the lake of obliuion, or otherwise to
hide it in the denne of darkenesse. And although I
know the matter heer spoken of, may seeme a paradox to
some, & so of smal worth: neuerthelesse, although I am
none of the greatest Clarks, yet I know it wil be more
auailable, then some happily doe make account of. For
which cause I haue laboured w=t= as much perspicuity &
<P 19>
plainnes, as possible I could, to deliuer the truth of my
honest & faithful good meaning, so far foorth as God hath
enabled me in knowledge, skil & memory. Wherefore
I meane heere presently to make publicke & open testimony
of the same, though now and then I make a little
digression, and swarue from my matter, by reason of
certaine Crosbyters, who haue heertofore (behinde my
backe, and to my face also) not a little abused me: Howbeit,
I wil heere conclude this discourse concerning this
(^Second Intention Chirurgicall^) , & doe confesse and          #
considerately
affirme, that there is but few mens labors at the
first made so perfect, but that in processe of time & further
consideration, they may be bettered, corrected and
amended. Yet I cannot but much maruaile, that wise
men now a daies are growne to this passe, that they do
so seriously follow exorcismes and the Illusions of certaine
Charmes of Clowtes and Rags, which is very
inhumane and barbarous; neuer practised, neither written
of, nor allowed by any learned Phisitio~ or Chirurgian
that euer I yet heard or read of. Howbeit, the
world is (as it were) led in a stringe & carried away to
beleeue these vanities, which make a shadow or shew of
verity for the safe curing of diuers maladies, & sildome
(they say) misse not: But I know the contrary is true,
for I haue cured both old & young persons, when these
Charmers of clowtes & rags, with their incredible operations
haue failed them, & prooued flat foolery & absurdities.
But to leaue this new Leach craft, with thier doting
inuentions, I wil here speake of diuers remedies
very respectiue & appropriate, for the cure of the before
named infirmity, as a president and example for young
practizers of Chirurgery to follow. Now vnto the said
(^Second Intention^) , which is first to set downe those        #
special
remedies, whose properties are to open the pooers
of the skin, & to soften the hard parts, by insencible 
transspiration.
<P 20>
   A choyse and speciall mollyfying and resoluing plaister,
and serueth well for the curing of this greeuance:
As my selfe haue many times approoued.

(\R. Serapini.
Ammoniaci.
Bdellij.
Galbani.
Euphorbij.\)
   
   Let these be dissolued in good Malmesey, and then
adde thereunto.

(\Ol. Lilior. 
Ol. Amigdalar.
Propoleos.
Mise, fiat Implastrum.\)

   Another.

(\R. Galbani. 
Ammoniaci. 
Picis Albae.
Cerae Citrinae.
Ol. pedis Vaccini. q.s.
   Misce.\)

   I doe many times insteed of the Oyle, take the Marew:
Then what profit doth ensue, time will approue
the same.

   Another.

(\R. Farinae fabar. 
Farinae Hord.
<P 21>
Liqueritiae,
Rad. Althaeae.
Picis.
Cerae Albae.
Adipis Anserini.\)

   Let there be added the Vrine of a Boy, and of olde
Oyle (\q s\) . And so boyle it to the forme of a Plaister.

   Another.

(\R. Gum. Ammoniaci.
Rad. Brioniae in pul.
Turp. Mineralis.
Cinnabrij.
Cerae.\)

    Let the Gumme (^Ammoniacke^) bee dissolued in Vineger,
according to Arte, and after made vp in rowles.
Among a number of his memorable deedes, which hee
hath left vnto the minde and memory of posterity, this
his Plaister deserueth great commendations.

   Another.

   (^Mercurialis^) commendeth a Playster made of (^Lyme^)
and (^Salt-Petre^) , of each like much, being mixed with
(^Barrowes grease^) (\q. s.\) But such remedyes are too
stronge for Children, least it cause Agues, and hurt the
soft and tender flesh of their bodies, (chiefly about the
Necke) it is to be auoyded. Moreouer, I read, that to
make a Playster of (^Nitrum^) and (^Lyme^) , of each a like
quantity, and of (^Cardamonium^) & (^Fenygreeke^) 4. times so
so much, and with Hony make heereof a Plaister.
<P 22>
   AEtius saith, when (^Struma^) beginneth in children, they
must be molifyed and dispersed: And for mollifying in
children is approoued this remedy following.

(\R. Diachylon.
Oesypi.
Radicum Ireos
Pulueriset. 
   Misce.\)

   Another.
   
   (\Recipe.\) The Lees of white or red wine, & of stronge
Vineger, of each a quart: Mallowe leaues 4. good handful:
Boile them till the leaues bee tender, then stampe
the leaues, & put them againe into the said licour, with
halfe a pound of sweet butter: of barley meale & of beane
meale, of each a good handfull: Of Linseede & Fenigrek
of each 4. ounces: Of the powder of red Rose leaues one
good handfull: Of yolkes of Egges 3. or 4. an of Saffron
the waight of 3. d. (\fiat cataplas\) .
   I might easily bring in a confused number of other
remedies to the same end & purpose, out of diuers learned
mens writings, which heer to repeate were needles,
and to no great vse, sith I know these may suffice:
Wherefore I thinke it good to pretermit the nominating 
of the rest, &c.

<P 22>
[}THE THIRD INTENTION CHYRURGICALL
BY OUTWARD MEANES.}]

   The third Intention is, to ripen, open and clense
such (^Phlegmaticall^) Corruptions and Ulcerous
Apostumes, which do pertaine to Suppuration:
This needeth no long discourse, sith it plainely appeareth,
<P 23>
that these troublesome, hard kernelly swellings, be
found so rebellious, that they doe resist all emollientes
and (^Diaphoreticall^) remedies before named: by meanes
wherof it can not be dissolued & consumed as we happily
would, or do desire. For which causes we are further
constrained to alter our course, with due consideration,
that is to wit: Not to leaue the Patient helples, but
to vse stronger Medicamentes, I meane (^Suppuratiues^) ,
as is before said, such as whose property is to bring           #
superfluous
humours to maturity and ripenes, by
these and such like Emplasticke remedies, which (as it
is said) doe by the closing of the pooers of the skin, augment
the naturall heate, whereby the matter so enclosed
causeth the generatio~ of matter or Pus. But I must
confesse, I haue not often times seene these hard Phlegmaticall
abcessions easily brought to suppuration. The
matter being once colde, dull, Clammy, hard and knotty,
and deeply seated, and of a long continuance in a body,
whose skin is grosse and thicke, & the matter hardly
compact: These kindes (I haue found) do sildome come
to maturity and ripenes, vnlesse (as (^Cornelius Celsus^)
saith) the said (^Tumours^) bee mixed and made of matter
and bloud. And (^Trincauel^) reparteth, that some of these
(^Tumours^) that haue heate in them, doe ripen and come to
matter & suppuration: But there be others that be more
hard, and doe resist suppuration, and then they come
neerer vnto the nature of a (^Scirrhus^) . Now it followeth
that I set downe those approoued remedies, being
in vulgar vse, seruing for suppuration, which are long
agoe ratifyed and well allowed of, by a vniforme consent,
both of olde & late writers, which were men of an
industrious capacity, & of a most rare & exquisite knowledge
in the Arte. And first I wil begin with (^Iohannes
de Vigo^) , one of the chief Fathers, & true Patrones of al
good learning & knowledge in the Arte of Chirurgery:
<P 24>
As it (in some sort) may appeare by Master (^Bartholmew
Traheron^) , which first Translated (^Vigo^) in the English
tongue. In his Epistle Dedicatory (whose iudgement
therein I doe acknowledge) bee sayth: that although
(^Vigo^) were not brought vp in the knowledge of
the Tongues, yet through his singular wit, long experience, 
and diligent study, hee hath inuented and set
foorth, more notable things in the Arte of Chirurgerie,
then any other heeretofore: and I thinke sayth he,
nothing can better testifye the cunning of this man,
then that he continued so long in (^Rome^) , in such a company
of pocky Curtezans: neither Priests, Bishops, 
nor Cardinals excepted, as it appeareth in his Booke:
for where such cariones been, the best Egles will resort, &c.

   A Maturatiue Playster.

(\R. Radices Althaeae. 
Capit. Liliorum.\)


   Let these boyle in a sufficient quantity of Water,
and after being stamped, put vnto them of Garlicke
and white Onions roasted, vnder the coales of each.


(\Ol. Liliorum.
Butyri.
Pinguedinis porcini. 
Anserinae.
Farinae Tritici.
Fenigreci. An. q. s.\)

   Make a Playster at the fire, adding in the ende, the
yolkes of two Egges: There bee some (I know) doe
<P 25>
little prize or value this Playster, but I doe acknowledge
it to be an infallible remedy.

   Another.

(\R. Radices Bryoniae.
Ceparum. No. 
Rad. Althaeae recentiu~. 
Fol. Maluarum Siccarum. p. i.
Hidropiperis. M. i.
Ficuum. 
Passularum Enucleatarum.\)

Boyle them well, then adde vnto them.

(\Fermenti. 
Axungiae suillae Insulsae.
Euphorbij. pul.
Misce et fiat Emplastrum secundum artem.\)

   This playster worketh miraculous effectes in this
Cure.

   Another Playster.

(\R. Mirrhae.
Ammoniaci Thymiamatis. 
Visci Quercini.
Galbani. 
Propolis.
Misce et fiat Emplastrum secundum Artem.

A Maturatiue Cataplasme.\)
(\Recipe.\) Rye-bread lib. i. White Onions & of Lilly
<P 26>
Rootes, roasted vnder the Ashes, of each 4. (^Ounces^) .
A Bryony Roote, and Figges boyled in Malmesey, of
each 6. Ounc. Fenygreke & Lynseede, of each 3. Oun.
Barlye meale and Beane meale, of each 4. Oun. Oyle
of Roses, Camomill and Wormewood, of each 3. Oun.
Hony 4. Oun. The yolkes of 4. Egges hard roasted.
Saffron the waight of 4. d. Boyle all these together to
a laudable consistence, and apply it thicke vnto the greeued 
partes, morning and euening warme.
   Also I read in (^Iohannes Libaulty^) , his Booke Intituled
(^Le Meson Rustick^) , and also in other Learned Writers,
that the dung of a Cow heated vnder the Ashes,
betwixt Wine or Colwort leaues, & mingled with vineger,
hath the property to bring (^Scrophulous^) swellings to
ripenes, &c. Nothwithstanding, if all these chaunce to
faile, then haue recourse to that which followeth in the
(^Fourth Intention^) , which is perfomed by Section or          #
Incision,
when wee finde the matter before rehearsed, vnfit
to yeeld eyther to Resolution or Suppuration, &c,

[}THE FOURTH INTENTION CHYRURGICALL
BY OUTWARD MEANES.}]

   The fourth Intention of these (^Strumous Tumors^) ,
which are not cured by former remedies (& yet are
gentle, obedient and tractable) is to cut them off,
and then to pull them out.
   In the vse of these outward Incisions, this scope
ought chiefly to be regarded, that is: to be very circumspect
in your handy operations, attempted & done co~cerning
the cure of this great Malady: That is, the apertion 
or opening by launcing or Incision of those glandulous
(^Tumours^) . For as it is said, bloud is the treasure
of life, and habitation of the soule: Moreouer, it is surely
very hard and difficult, especially when there is in the 
affected place, eyther (^Nerue^) , great Vaine, or              #
(^Artery^) , &c.
<P 27>
Therefore such persons as are to endure this painfull
action, ought to haue much patience, and to be of a good
courage: Then it may bee the better attempted and
done by a cunning and skilfull Chyrurgian: which
there is no doubt, but he will be so prouident, that nothing
shall offend. How be it, it is not necessary or sufferable
ouer curiously to search and attempt the cutting
them out by Incision: For that many of them are subiect 
to violent and inordinate bloudy Fluxes, and other
euill accidents, which doubtlesse will much amaze you
and hinder your handy operation: I meane, when these
(^Tumors^) bee deeply planted, and secretly lodged amongst
the great vaines and Arteries called (^Carotides^) , or         #
otherwise
neere the (\Nerui recurrentes\) , which is often times
the cause that some bee come speechlesse thereby. And it
cannot be iustly denyed, but that these Incisions haue
often times been attempted with a launce by our Ancestors 
& Fore-fathers. But amongst a number of those
worthy men, (^Wickar^) being a man of good knowledge &
skill in the Cure of the foresaid Euill, his counsaile
is, that before we doe attempt the said action by Inscision,
the Patient be first layde vpon his Bed, and so
both his feet must be strongly tyed vnto the bed poasts,
his head & both his hands must also be fast held by men
of strength, and skilfull in holding: In such sort as we
doe in cutting those which haue the crooked or wrye
neckes. And he that is chosen to be the Operator of the
said action, must prudently and wisely (saith (^Vigo^) , and
other learned men) co~sider the greatnes & smalnes of the
said (^Tumor^) , which must be incised & cut fro~ one length
of the (^Tumor^)  to an other. Then by litle & litle, seperate,
diuide & vndermine the whole (^Cistis^) round about, to the
very bottome & roots therof, no rashly, nor by violence,
but orderly by degrees, seperate in your fingers, & other
seruiceable instrume~ts, as you vse to diuide y=e= forenamed
<P 28>
Mennes called (^Steatoma, Atheroma^) and (^Meliceris^) : And
confessed it is for a certaine, that if any portion or
part of the said (^Cistis^) or bagge, chaunce to remaine        #
behinde,
and not cleere taken away by the rootes, it will
(doubtlesse) breed and increase againe: But to preuent 
such greeuances, me thinkes I cannot speake too
sufficie~tly therof: wherfore, if any part remain behinde,
then lay vpon it the powder of (^Mercury precipitate^) , or
(if that bee too weake) adde to it of (^Alumen Combust^) ,
or (^Vitriolum Album combust^) , of each equall portions:
notwithstanding I beleeue, & confidently hold, that the
worke of your hands is the best instruments you haue
to trust to, and to relieue you in this distresse.
   Moreouer, (^Mercurialis^) he further sayth these words,
for the curing and effecting of this matter: First (saith
he) choose some light place, & let the Patient lye on his
bed, for in sitting he wil soone sound: therfore binde his
legges together, and after binde them to the Bedside,
and let one holde his head fast, and then the Chirurgean 
taking the swelling in his left hand, let him make
an Incision, eyther right or straight, or somewhat crooked,
on the necke vnder the Jaw-bones, vntill he come
to the matter inclosed in the Bladder, which is sometimes
one and single, as in the lesser swellinges, and
sometimes double, like the Mirtle leafe in the greater
swellinges: So that conueniently (eyther by the finger
or other Instrumentes) the Bladder may bee by
little and little separated, and drawne from the next
partes, together with the matter inclosed in it. But
take good heede that the Bladder be not cut, because it
is hardly drawne away, and much hindreth the Cure,
and the euill will come againe: But if any such thing
chauce, it were good to consume it with eating Medicines.
Great care must also be had, that neyther the Arteries,
vaines, nor notable Nerues be hurt, but by little
<P 29>
and little gently put it aside. Yet if in the cutting some
vessell be diuidedd, and the issue of bloud trouble and hinder
the worke: then apply some meete think to stay the
bloud, and so come againe to your worke: For if the
lippes of the Incision be inflamed, and the swelling or
(^Struma^) bee not safely dissolued away: then lay on a 
(^Stupa^) beaten with the White of an Egge, and such
things as be good for stopping of bloud. After, apply
Medicines that wil a little concoct, and then vse abstersiues,
and next such as causeth fleshe to growe and heale 
vp the scarre.

[}THE FIFTH INTENTION CHYRURGICALL
BY OUTWARD MEANES.}]

   The fifth Intention is, those which are vnmooueable,
and deepely rooted within, Corrode them about
and clense them throughly. I graunt it
tollerable and very conuenient, to vse in this Cure the
due applycation of Potential Cauteries, such as whose
propertye and seruice is to corrode the flesh & the skin,
and may with very good circumspection very safely be
attempted, being administred vpon a body that is of a
reasonable constitution, & in such sort that his strength
is able to holde and endure the same. And heere I will
make further demonstration thereof, that is to say:
that your Cautery be not applyed vpon any Sinnewy
part, neither vpon the great Vaines nor Arteries, for
that these bee accompted indeede principall and chiefe
vessels: Also you must consider the quallity and quantity
of the Causticke you doe administer, for that some
are more violent and stronger then other, and some wil
run and spread more then another.
   (^Iaques Guillemeau^) Chyrurgian vnto the now French
<P 30>
King which now is: saith, truely it is not necessary, nor
allowable to apply the Caustick vpon the endes or beginnings
of Muscles, for if your Patient that is to bee
Cauterized, haue an vnsound and sickly body, you must
first of all bee sure before you administer the sayd
Cautery, to Phlebotomize & purge him: The reason
is, least in the Cauterized parts, there chaunce to come
concursion, or gathering together of humours. Also, it
is further sayd, that a small part of your potentiall
Cauteryes, doth and will worke as forcibly on a soft
and tender bodye, as a great quantity thereof will doe
vpon a stronge and grosse obdurate person. Ouer and
besides, the greater abcessions are to bee Cauterized
one way, and the lesser an other way, and that with
good consideration. And heere to put you in memory,
that you must bee very carefull and circumspect in
defending the partes round about the sayd (^Tumors^) , for
feare (as I haue said) that your Cautery doe run and
spread too farre abroad: for the which cause you shall
strengthen, fortifye & defend the foresaid affected parts,
that is to say: by inuironing and compassing it round
about with some repercussiue Medicamentes, lest the
grieued part (which by long infirmity is become thereby
sore weakned & enfeebled) and may so bring with it
great swelling & other euill accidents: And therfore it is
not without good cause, that the parts greeued be righly
ordred & defended, whereby you shall be sure the better
to effect your intended purpose without the said perrill
or daunger but with the highest commendation in
preuenting the euil that otherwise might ensue: which
reasons alwaies enduced mee to laye round about the
Cauterized parts, some speciall defensiue, as is this, or
the like heereafter following.
   (\Reci. Emplastrum Diachalcithios\) dissolued in (\Ol.
papaueris et Ol. ros.\) wherunto is added (\Ouorum albumin.
<P 31>
et Aceti. ros. An. q s 
   Et fiat Emplastrum.\)
   This done, then presently goe about with your Causticke,
to roote out all the whole (^Schrophulous^) and hard
kernelly substances, either with the common Ruptory
or Causticke, which in this case best contenteth my
minde: the making heereof I doe not heere set downe,
because it is so commonly knowne.
   Howbeit, there is an other Causticke, which (as it
is reported vnto me by a skilful Chirurgian) doth work
without any paine, or very litle at al. The reputed Author
therof is said to bee a famous practizer in Chirurgery,
dwelling at (^Mountpelier^) in (^France^) . I must needes
thinke reuerently of the Author of this Caustick, hoping
his minde was not such to delight himselfe with
publishing of vntruth: But if it doe indeede worke
without paine, the mistery thereof is farre about my
reach.

(\Rec. Lixiuij Saponarij. 
Vitriolj Romanj. 
Mercurij sublimatj.\)
 
   Made into very fine powder: in the end of the boyling 
put in of (^Opium^) 2 drams. (\Misce et fiat Trochiscj.\)
   You shall further note, that if at any time your Causticke
doe happen not to worke so well and sufficiently
to your minde, as happily you would with it should do,
then apply the same Cautery againe: but you must first
make Incision alongst wise, vpon the middle of the
foresaid (^Escharre^) : Then put in some small quantity
(that is, so much as you suppose will penetrate into
the profundity & very rootes therof) for it doth behooue a
prouident & wise Artist to preuent & see all eminent danger
in y=e= doing therof, & the~ by Gods help, ye may safely
in a short time roote out these hard (^Strophulous Tumors^) .
For (as I haue said) vnlesse the roote be cleane take~ out,
<P 32>
this Malady will growe and increase againe. But if
there chaunce to approach any painefull accidentes
(as I haue knowne and seene to follow in sundry persons)
then with speed remooue and take away the
same: which done, yee shall procure the fall of the 
(^Eschar^) , with (\Vnguentu~ Populeum\) : or els with          #
(\Vnguentum 
Rosarum\) , or sweete Butter. And to apply vpon
it (\Emplastrum Diacalcitheos\) , or (\Emplastrum Deminio\) . 
So after all the (^Escharres^) be remooued, then if there
be required mundifying and clensing, these following
are vulgarly vsed, as (\Vnguentum Apostoloru~\) , called of
some also (\Vnguentum Christianoru~\) : which (^Vnguent^) in
this effect cannot be bettered: and (\Vnguentum Egiptiacum\) ,
and sometimes to mixe two parts of (\Vnguentum
Apostolorum\) , and one part of (\Vnguentum Egiptiacum\) .
Also, (\Vnguentum Apij\) , is auaileable in this Cure, viz.

(\Recipe. Succi Apij et Plantaginis.
Farinae hordej et Orobj.
Terebinthinae, 
Mellis, 
Mirrhae 
Misce et fiat Vnguentum.\)

   If you adde to this (^Vnguent^) the yolkes of Egges
and (^Mercury Praecipit.^) it doth worke much better. Also
the powder of (^Mercury Praecipit.^) is good of it selfe, and
if you will haue it worke more forcibly, adde vnto it of
Allum (^combust^) according to discretion. With these
foresaid remedyes you may continue vntill there appeare
pure and quicke flesh: then it followeth to vse Incarnatiues,
& Agglutinatiues, with other medicamte~s,
fit for consolidation.
   Thus hauing sufficiently intreated of the fifth Intention:
now it remaineth for a full conclusion, to present
<P 33>
in order last of all, the sixt Intention, as 
followeth.

[}THE SIXTH INTENTION CHYRURGICALL
BY OUTWARD MEANES.}]

   The sixt Intention Chirurgicall is, that in those
(^Strumas^) that are fastened but to a thinne and slender 
roote, you shall binde them about and plucke
them out. This last action (as it appeareth) is verie
easily performed by a skilfull Operator or cunning
Chirurgian: neyther doth it require any great curiosity,
but a decent and artificiall strong binding, meete
for the plucking of them out (as it is said) by the rootes.
In which action you neede not feare any great perrill
of Fluxe of bloud, but that it may easily bee restrained
with my restringent powder, published in my last booke
of Obseruations, which hath (of a number of good Artistes)
a friendlye acceptation: If it chaunce through
the ill disposition of the body, any dolorous accidentes
doe happen to follow, then mitigate the same (sayth
(^Wicker^) ) with stupes wet in the white of an Egge, and
oyle of Roses: and afterwards if there growe filthynes,
let it be clensed with those remedyes before rehearsed:
then no fault being committed through negligence
or want of skill, you shall no doubt with good successe, 
finish this last Intention. But amongst a number of
excellent remedyes for the curing of this euill (after the
partes bee throughly clensed from all annoyances) this
Playster following hath all the properties, that is
prescribed in these kindes of remedyes before named:
Which noble Playster I obtained of one (^Isack^) a stranger
borne, a famous Incisioner and Licentiate Chirurgian
of (^London^) , who for his excellent knowledge in
<P 34>
his Arte, was called beyond the Seas, (^The golden Master
or Doctor^) .

(\R. Bdellii, et Ammoniaci. 
Lapidis Sanguinalis, lapidis Magnetis. 
Aristolochiae rotundae, aloes Hepaticae. 
Olibanj et Masticis. 
Lithargirij arge~t. et lapidis calaminaris. 
Corallj Rubj et albi. 
Lumbricorum in pul. 
Succj scrophulariae.
Colophoniae. 
Terebynthiae Venetae. 
Cerae Albae. 
Olej Hispanicj. 
Olej Hipericj cum gummis. 
Olej Laurini 
Camphor. 
Misce et fiat Implastrum.\)

   With this Playster onely I cured a Bricklayers
Daughter neere London, of diuers bad (^Scrophulous^) Vlcers
in her necke and throate. Howbeit, there be some
(who are as it were so note-wise) that forsooth they can
not abide to read any medicine, that is of a long composition, 
be it neuer so precious. Contrariwise, there
be others againe, that will not endure to read a short
composition, bee it neuer so well approoued: for they
plainely say, there can bee no great matter of worth in
them: And thus they are as variable in their opinions
(for want of true Arte and iudgement) as the Camelions
be in their colours. (\Quot capita tot sensus\) : so many
heades so many opinions. Now heere I will forbeare
<P 35>
any further to discourse of this (^Sixt Intention               #
Chirurgicall^) ,
but I will set downe certaine Obseruations
for the Cure of this greeuous Malady by me perfected,
as followeth: least otherwise happily it may be
said, (^He that telleth a long processe or boasting tedious
tale without some proofe, must needs require credit, either
for his long boasting tedious tale, or else for some speciall
Authority that is in his person^) . But as for boasting amongst
wise men, it can winne litle credit.

[}AN OBSERUATION.}]

   A few monthes past there was sent vnto
me by a Gentleman of (^Essex^) , a certaine 
husband man, being about the 
Age of thirty yeeres, who was molested
(for the space of sixe monthes) with
certaine outward swellings, or vnnaturall
(^Strumous^) Abscessions: some of them were great
with notable hardnesses, some meane, and some smaller,
being for the most part packed and heaped together,
but yet mooued too and fro, hyther and thyther: For
the which he was first purged (with great moderation
and aduisement) with the pilles of (^Euphorbium^) and
(\Trochisce ex Viperis\) : or the Pilles of (^Vipers^) , and    #
he did
take many times (\Theriace Andromachj\) , & kept a very
slender dyet withall: after hee was well purged from
grosse and rawe humours, then I applyed vpon his
necke and both his shoulders 3 great cupping glasses,
and so did draw bloud and humours in good quantity.
After the application of this kinde of Boring or (^Ventoses^) ,
then presently I applyed vpon his swelling this
(^Vnguent^) , and these Plaisters following.
<P 36>
   (\Recip.\) Colewort leaues, greene Leekes and blades:
of water Betonye, Motherwort, the lesse Plantine,
Daysie leaues and Flowers, Mallows, Nicotian,
and Pelitory of the wall, of each a handfull:
Beate and shred these hearbes very fine: then adde to
these foresaid hearbes of Wine Vineger lib. ii. of Hogs
grease and sweet Butter, of each (^lib ii.^) of oyle of Almonds
(^lib. j.^) a young Fox, of earth worms, & shel snailes,
of each (^lib.i.^) Let all these lye infused & buryed in horse
dung the space of a month, then boyle all together till
the watrynes be consumed: then strayne it strongly, &
heere with morning and euening anoynt his necke very
warme, for halfe an houre together: Then applyed
I (\Emplastrum de ranis cum Mercurio\) : and at other
times, (\Emplastrum Dyachilon maius, et de Muscilaginibus\) , 
of each equal portions: and by this way and order
of curing, he was by me cured and safely healed within
the space of 40. dayes.



<B CESCIE2B>
<Q E2 EX SCIO BLUNDEV>
<N TABLES>
<A BLUNDEVILE THOMAS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BLUNDEVILE.
A BRIEFE DESCRIPTION OF THE TABLES OF
THE THREE SPECIALL RIGHT LINES BELONGING TO
A CIRCLE, CALLED SIGNES, LINES TANGENT, 
AND LINES SECANT.
LONDON: JOHN WINDET, 1597.
PP. 48R.1   - 51V.8      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 152R.15 - 157R.36    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 48R>
[}THE DESCRIPTION AND VSE OF THE 
TABLES OF SINES.}]

   Because there is no proportion, comparison,
or likenes betwixt a right line and a
crooked, the auntient Philosophers, as
(^Ptolomey^) and divers other, were much
troubled in seeking to know the measures
of a Circle or of any portion thereof by his
Diameter, and by knowing the Diameter
to finde out the length of any Chorde in a
circle, which is alwaies lesser then the Diameter it selfe,     #
and finding
that the more parts whereinto the Diameter was diuided,
the nearer they approched to the truth: Some of them therefore,
as (^Ptolomey^) , diuided the Diameter of a circle into a 120.  #
parts,
and the Semidiameter into 60. parts, and euery such part into
6'0. and euery minute in 60. seconds &c. And in like manner did
(^Arzahel^) , an auntient Arabian, who diuided the Diameter     #
into
300. partes and the Semidiameter into 150. and euery of those
parts into 6'0. and so forth as before, according to which      #
computation
they made their Tables: but because the working by those
Tables was very tedious and troublesome, by reason that it was
needfull continually to vse the art of numbring by              #
Astronomicall
fractions: therefore (^Georgius Purbachius^) , and (^Regio      #
Montanus^)
his Scholer to auoide that trouble of calculating by            #
Astronomicall
fractions, diuided the Diameter of a Circle into a farre
greater number of parts, and made such tables as are vsed at    #
this
present, the description and vse whereof both hereafter follow,
first of those that are set downe by (^Monte Regio^) in Folio,  #
and
then of those that were lately Corrected and made perfect by    #
(^Clauius^)
the Jesuite which are Printed in quarto.
<P 48V>
   And because that the way to find out the proportion which    #
any
chord hath to the whole Diameter, was very hard, therefore the
said (^Purbachius^) and (^Monte Regio^) hauing direction from   #
certaine
propositions of (^Euclyd^) as from the 47. proposition of his
first booke, and from the third proposition of his third        #
booke, and 
also from the 15. proposition of his fift booke, they made      #
choise of
the halfe chord and Semidiameter of the Circle, calling the     #
halfe
chord, (\Sinum rectum\) , and the Semediameter                  #
(\Sinum totum\) . And 
because that the proportion of any circumference to his         #
diameter
neuer changeth, how great or how little so euer the Circle be:  #
after
that they had calculated for one Circle, they made such tables
as might serue for all Circles, and though these Tables of      #
sines
doe suffice to worke thereby all manner of conclusions, as      #
well of
Astronomie, as of Geometrie, yet for more ease, our moderne
Geometricians haue of late inuented two other right lines       #
belonging
to a Circle called lines Tangent, and lines Secant, and
haue made like tables for them that were made for sines, and    #
both
tables, that is to say, as well of the sines, as of the lines   #
Tangent
and Secant, haue one selfe manner of working thereby, as shall
plainely appeare hereafter when wee come to describe the same.
But first we will beginne with the tables of sines, and         #
plainely define
euery terme or vocable of Art, belonging thereunto: The 
termes are these here following: (^An arch, a Chord^) ,         #
(\Sinus rectus
Sinus versus, Quadrans, Complementum\) , (^and^) (\sinus 
Complementi\) .

[}THE DEFINITIONS OF THE FORESAID TEARMES.}]

   An (^Arch^) is any part or portion of the circumference of   #
a cirle,
which in this practise doth not commonly extend beyond
180. degrees which is one halfe of the circumference of any     #
Circle
how great or small so euer it be, for euery Circle containeth   #
360.
degrees.
   A (^Chorde^) is a right line drawne from one end of the      #
(^Arch^) to 
the other end thereof, and note that all chordes are alwaies    #
lesser
then the Diameter it selfe, for that is the greatest Chorde in  #
anye
Circle.
   (\Sinus rectus\) is the one halfe of a (^Chord^) or string   #
of any Arke
<P 49R>
which is double to the Arke that is giuen or supposed, and      #
falleth
with right Angles vppon that Semidiameter which diuideth the
double Arke into two equall parts.
   (\Sinus versus\) that is to say turned the contrary way, is  #
a right
line, and that part of the Semidiameter, which is intercepted   #
betwixt
the beginning of the giuen Arke and the right Sine of the
same Arke, and this is also called in Latine (\Sagitta\) , in   #
English a
Shaft or Arrowe, for the Demonstratiue figure thereof hereafter
following, is not vnlike to the string of a bowe ready bent     #
hauing
a Shaft in the midst thereof.
   (\Quadrans\) is the fourth part of a Circle containing 90. 
degrees.
   (\Complementum arcus\) , is that portion of the Circle,      #
which
sheweth how much the giuen Arke is lesser then the Quadrant, if
the giuen Arke doe containe fewer degrees then the Quadrant,    #
but
if it containe more degrees then the Quadrant, then the         #
difference
betwixt the quarter of the Circle and the said arch, is the     #
complement
of the said giuen Arke.
   (\Sinus complementi\) , is the right Sine of that Arch       #
which is
the complement of the giuen Arke.
   (\Sinus totus\) , is the Semidiameter of the Circle, and is  #
the greatest 
Sine that may be in the Quadrant of a Circle, which according 
to the first tables of (^Monte Regio^) containeth 6/000/000.
and according to the last tables 10/000/000. parts, for the     #
more
parts that the totall Sine hath, the more true and exact shall  #
your
worke bee, notwithstanding sometime it shall suffice to         #
attribute
unto the totall Sine but 60/000. parts, which numbers           #
(^Appian^)
obserueth in teaching the way to finde out the distance of two  #
places
differing both in Longitude and Latitude by the Tables of
Sines, and some doe make the totall Sine to containe 100/000.
partes, as (^Wittikindus^) in his treatise of Dials, and        #
diuers other
doe the like. Also (^Clauius^) himselfe saith that in the       #
tables set
downe by him in quarto, you may sometime make the totall Sine
to be but 100/000, so as you cut off the two last figures on    #
the
right hand in euery Sine, but you shall better understand       #
euerye
thing here aboue mentioned, by the figure Demonstratiue heere
following.
<P 49V>
[}THE FIGURE DEMONSTRATIUE.}] [^FIGURE OMITTED^]

   In this figure 
you see first a whole
Circle drawne upon
the Centre (^E.^)
and marked with
the letters (^A.B.C
D.^) which Circle
by two crosse Diameters
marked
with the letters (^A.
C.^) and (^B.D.^) & passing
both through
the Centre (^E.^) is diuided
into fower 
Quadrantes or
quarters, the upper
Quadrante
whereof on the left hand is marked with the letters             #
(^A.B.E.^) in
which Quadrant, the right perpendicular line marked with the
letters (^F.H.^) betokeneth the right Sine of the giuen Arke    #
(^A.F.^)
which right Sine is the one halfe of the chord or string        #
(^F.G.^) and
the giuen Arke (^A.F.^) is the one halfe of the double Arke or  #
bowe
(^G.A.F.^) and (^A.H.^) is the Shaft called in Latine           #
(\Sinus versus\) :
Againe the letters (^F.B.^) doe shew the complement which       #
together
with the giuen Arke (^A.F.^) doe make the whole Quadrant        #
(^A.F.B.^)
which is diuided into 9. spaces, euery space containing 10.     #
degrees
whereby you may plainely perceiue that in this demonstration,
the giuen Arke (^A.F.^) is 50. degrees, and the complement      #
(^F.B.^) is
40. degrees, both which being added together doe make up the
whole Quadrant of 90. degrees, marked with the letters          #
(^A.F.B.^)
Now (\Sinus complementi\) is the crosse line marked with the    #
letters
(^F.K.^) the totall Sine which is the whole Semidiameter and
greatest right Sine, is marked with the letters (^B.E.^) But    #
because
it is not enough to know the signification of the things aboue  #
specified
to vse the foresaid Tables when neede is, vnlesse you know
<P 50R>
also how to find out those things in the said tables, I thinke  #
it good
therefore to shew you the order of the said tables by           #
describing the
same as followeth. 
   You haue then to vnderstand that the tables of (^Monte       #
Regio^)
printed in Folio, are contained in 18. Pages, and euery Page
containeth eleauen partitions, called collums, whereof the      #
first on
the left hand containeth 60. minutes, which are to be counted   #
from
head to foote, as they stand in order one right under another   #
in seuerall
places, proceeding from 1. to 60. The second collum containeth
Sines. The third containeth onely a portion or part of
one second, and from thence foorth proceeding towardes the      #
right
hand all the other collums doe containe in like manner Sines    #
and
the portion of one second. And right ouer the head of euery     #
Sine
(the first collum of Sines onely excepted, hauing nothing but a
Cypher ouer his head) are set downe the degrees of the whole
Quadrant called arches, in such order as from the first Page to
the last, there are in all 89. degrees, or arches, as by        #
perusing the
said tables you may plainely see. Now to find out in these      #
tables
the things aboue mentioned, you must doe as followeth.
   First to find out the right Sine of any giuen Arke, you must
seeke out the number of the said Arke in the front of the       #
tables, and
if the giuen Arke hath no minutes ioyned thereunto, then the    #
first
number of Sines right under the said Arke, is the right Sine
thereof. But if it hath any minutes ioyned thereunto, then you
must seeke out in that Page, where you found the giuen Arke,    #
the
number of the minutes in the first collum of the said Page, on  #
the
left hand, and right against those minutes on the right hand,   #
in
the square Angle right under the said arch, you shall find the  #
right
Sine. As for example, you would find out the right Sine of a    #
giuen 
Arke containing 8. degrees, and 2'0. heere hauing found out
in the front of the second Page the figure of 8. standing       #
right ouer
the eight collum seeke in the first collum on the left hand of  #
the said
Page, for 20. minutes, and right against the 20. minutes you    #
shal
find on the right hand in the common Angle or square 869593.
which is the right Sine of the foresaid giuen Arke, so as you   #
make
6/000/000. to be the totall Sine: but if you make 60/000. the   #
totall
Sine, then you must alwaies reiect the two last figures         #
standing 
on the right hand of the said right sine, & the rest of the     #
figures
shall be the right Sine.
<P 50V>
   Now to find out the complement, there is nothing to be done,
but onely to subtract the giuen Arke out of the whole Quadrant
which is 90. degrees, and the remainder shall be the            #
complement:
as in the former example by subtracting 8. degrees, 2'0. out    #
of 90
degrees, you shal find that there remaineth 81. degrees, 4'0.   #
which
is the complement of that arch. Againe to find out the Sine of  #
the
complement you must doe thus, seeke the complement in the       #
front 
of the tables of Sines, euen as you doe to find out any giuen   #
arke:
as in the former example, the complement being 81. degrees 4'0.
you must seeke 81. in the front of the 17. Page of the first    #
tables,
which being found, seeke out also the 4'0. in the first collum  #
of the
said Page on the left hand, and right against those 4'0. in     #
the common
Angle right under the Arke 81. you shall finde 5/936/649.
which number is the right Sine of the foresaid complement, so   #
as
you make 6/000/000. to be the totall Sine, for if 60/000. be    #
the
totall Sine, then you must reiect (as I said before) the two    #
last figures
on the right hand, and the number remaining shall bee the
right Sine of the foresaid complement, and therefore in         #
working 
by these tables, you must alwaies remember what number you
make the totall Sine to be.
   (\Sinus versus\) commeth seldome in vse, notwithstanding if  #
you
would know how to find it out, you neede to do no more but      #
subtract
(\Sinum complementi\) of the giuen Arke, out of the totall
Sine, and the remainder shall bee (\Sinus versus\) , as in the  #
former
example your (\Sinus complementi\) was 5/936/649. which being
subtracted out of the totall Sine 6/000/000. there remaineth
63/351. and that number is (\Sinus versus\) : for if you adde   #
this
remainder to the number which you subtracted, it will make up
the totall Sine 6/000/000. But there is one thing more          #
necessarie
to be knowne then this, because it commeth oftner in vse, and
that is upon some diuision made how to find out the Arke of any
quotient, which is to be done thus: Enter with the quotient     #
into
the body of the tables, and leaue not seeking amongst the       #
squares
of the Sines, vntill you haue found out the iust number of the  #
quotient
(if it be there) if not, you must take the number of that Sine
which is in value most nigh vnto it, whether it bee a little    #
more or
lesse, it maketh no matter, and hauing found that number,       #
looke in
the front of that collum, and you shall find the Arke of your   #
quotient,
<P 51R>
standing right ouer the head of that collum, and also the       #
mynutes
thereof in the first collum of the said Page on the left hand.
As for example, hauing diuided one number by another, I finde
the quotient to be 469/012. whereof I would know the arch, now
in seeking this quotient amongst the Sines, I cannot finde that
iust number, but I find in the first Page, and in the tenth     #
collum
469/015. which is the nighest number vnto it that I can see. In
the front of which collum I find the Arke to be 4. degrees,     #
and directly
against that Sine on the left hand, I find 2'9. belonging to
that arch, whereof that quotient is the (^Sinus^) , so as I     #
gather hereof
that the arch of the foresaid quotient is 4. degrees, 2'9. But  #
you
haue to note by the way that the number of your quotient must   #
neuer
be much lesse then 1745. for otherwise it is not to bee found   #
in
these tables, unlesse you make the totall Sine to bee but       #
60/000.
for then by reiecting the last two figures on the right hand,   #
as I
haue said before, the first right Sine of these tables shal be  #
no more
but 17. and by that account a very small quotient may be found  #
in 
these tables. And whatsoeuer hath beene said here touching the  #
order 
that is to be obserued in the first tables of                   #
(^Monte Regio^) , whose
totall Sine is 6/000/000. the like in all points is to be       #
obserued
in the last tables, whose totall Sine is 10/000/000. Thus much
touching the order of the foresaid tables of (^Monte Regio^)    #
Printed
in Folio: but for as much as those tables be not altogether     #
truely
Printed, and for that they haue beene lately corrected, and     #
made
more perfect by (^Clauius^) , who doth set downe the saide      #
Tables in
quarto and not in folio, whereby they are the more portable,    #
and
the more commodious, as well for that they are more truely      #
Printed,
as also for that the complement of euery Arke is set downe in
euery Page at the foote of euery collum, so as you need to      #
spend no
time in subtracting the Arke from 90. I thinke it good          #
therefore
to make a briefe description of those Tables, and the rather    #
for
that I haue requested the Printer to print the like here in     #
quarto,
and I doe worke all such conclusions as hereafter follow, by    #
the
said tables, the totall Sine whereof is 10/000/000. according   #
to
the last tables of (^Monte Regio^) . But for so much as some    #
may
haue already the tables of (^Monte Regio^) Printed in Folio,    #
not 
knowing perhaps the vse thereof, I will set downe two           #
conclusions
to bee wrought by those tables, and all the rest of the         #
conclusions
<P 51V>
are to be wrought by these tables which I haue here caused to
be Printed in quarto like to those of (^Clauius^) : and though  #
the two
conclusions next following, which are to shew the vse of the    #
foresaid
tables, may be wrought by the tables of Sines in what forme
so euer they be truely Printed in Folio, or in quarto, yet      #
because I
had appointed them to bee done by the Tables of (^Monte         #
Regio^) ,
Printed in folio before that euer I saw (^Clauius^) his booke,  #
I mind
not now to alter them but to let them stand still as they are. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 152R>
[}OF THE HORIZON BOTH RIGHT AND OBLIQUE, MAKING THEREBY
THREE KINDS OF SPHEARES, THAT IS, THE RIGHT, THE PARALELL, AND  #
THE 
OBLIQUE SPHEARE.}]  

[}CAP. 17.}]

[}WHAT IS THE HORIZON?}]

   It is a great immooueable circle which deuideth
the upper Hemispheare, which is as
much to say, as the upper halfe of the world
which we see, from the nether Hemispheare
which wee see not, for standing in a plaine
field, or rather upon some high mountaine 
void of bushes and trees, and looking round
about, you shall see your selfe inuironed as
it were with a circle, and to be in the very midst or centre    #
thereof,
beneath or beyond which circle, your sight cannot passe, and    #
therfore
this circle in Greeke is called (^Horizon^) , and in Latine     #
(\Finitor\) ,
that is to say, that which determineth, limitteth or boundeth
the sight, the Poles of which circle are imagined to be two     #
points
in the firmament, whereof the one standeth right ouer your      #
heade,
called in Arabick (^Zenith^) : and the other directlie vnder    #
your
feete, called in the same tongue (^Nadir^) , that is to say     #
the pointe opposite,
and from point to point you must imagine that there goeth
a right line passing through the centre of the worlde, and also
<P 152V>
through your bodie both head and feet, which is called the      #
Arletree
of the Horizon, and you haue to understand that of Horizons     #
there
be 2. kinds, that is, right & oblique, making 3. kinds of       #
Sphears,
that is to say, the right Spheare, the paralel Spheare, and the
oblique Spheare.

[}WHEN IS THE HORIZON SAID TO BE RIGHT, AND THEREBY TO MAKE 
A RIGHT SPHEARE?}]

   It may be said to be right two manner of waies, first, when  #
the
Horizon passeth through both the Poles of the world, cutting    #
the
Equinoctiall with right angles, in which Spheare they that      #
dwell
haue their (^Zenith^) in the Equinoctiall, which passeth right  #
ouer
their heads, to whom the daies and nights are alwaies equal.    #
Secondly,
they are said to haue a right Horizon, & to dwell in a right
Spheare, to whom one of the Poles of the world is their         #
(^Zenith^) ,
and their Horizon is all one with the Equinoctiall, cutting     #
the Arletree
of the world in the very midst with right angles, and because
the Horizon & the Equinoctial are Paralels, this kind of        #
Spheare
is called a paralel Spheare, in which Sphear they that dwel     #
haue
6. moneths day, and 6. moneths night, as you may easily         #
perceiue
by placing the Spheare, so as one of the Poles may stand right  #
vp
in the midst of the Horizon, by meanes wherof you shal see 6.   #
signes
of the Zodiaque to be alwayes aboue the Horizon, and 6. signes
to be alwayes under the Horizon: Againe by placing the Spheare
so as both the Poles may lie vppon the Horizon, you shall see   #
the
shape of the first right Sphear, wherin the Horizon passeth     #
throgh
both the Poles of the world, and the Equinoctiall passeth       #
through
the Poles of the Horizon, which are the two points called       #
before the
(^Zenith^) and (^Nadir^) .

[}WHEN IS IT SAID TO BEE AN OBLIQUE HORIZON, AND THEREBY TO
MAKE AN OBLIQUE SPHEARE?}]

   When the Pole of the world is eleuated aboue the Horizon,    #
bee
it neuer so little, so as the Horizon doe cut the Equinoctiall  #
with
oblique angles, and looke how much the Pole of the world is     #
eleuated 
aboue your Horizon, so much is your (^Zenith^) distant from
the Equinoctiall, and the nigher that your Horizon approcheth   #
to
the Pole, the nigher your (^Zenith^) approcheth to the          #
Equinoctial.
Againe, looke how much the Equinoctiall is eleuated aboue your
Horizon, so much is your (^Zenith^) distant from the Pole, all  #
which
<P 153R>
things this figure here following doth plainely shew, whereby   #
you
may easily perceiue that the latitude, which is the distance    #
of your
(^Zenith^) from the Equinoctiall, is alwaies equall to the      #
altitude of
the Pole, which is the distance betwixt your Horizon & the      #
Pole,
as for example, knowing the latitude of (^Norwich^) to be 52,   #
degrees
lay the (^Zenith^) of this figure upon the 52. degrees,         #
reckoning from
the Equinoctiall towards the pole Arctique on your left hand,   #
and
looke what distance is betwixt the saide (^Zenith^) and the     #
Equinoctiall, 
the selfe same distance you shall find to be betwixt the        #
Horizon
and the foresaid Pole on your right hand, and you may doe the   #
like
upon the Spheare it selfe by raising the moouable Meridian      #
aboue
the Horizon at that altitude, so as the 52. degr. may be euen   #
with
the Horizon.
(^A Figure shewing the latitude of any place to bee equall to
the eleuation of the Pole.^) [^FIGURE OMITTED.^]
<P 153V>
[}WHAT OTHER VSES HATH THIS CIRCLE?}]
 
   In this circle are set downe the foure quarters of the       #
world, as 
East, West, North and South, and the rest of the winds: Againe,
this circle deuideth the artificiall day from the artificiall   #
night, for
all the while that the Sun is aboue the Horizon it is day, &    #
whilest
it is under the same it is night. And by this circle wee knowe  #
what
starres do continually appeare, and which are continually       #
hidden,
also what starres doe rise and goe downe. Againe, in taking     #
the eleuation 
of the Pole, this circle is chiefly to be considered, for when
we know how many degrees the Pole is raised aboue the Horizon,
then we haue the eleuation therof for that place. For to euery  #
seuerall
place, yea to euerye little moment of the earth in an oblique
Spheare, belongeth his proper Horizon and seuerall altitude of
the Pole, whereby it appeareth that the Horizons are infinite   #
and
without number.

[}HOW SHAL I KNOW IN ANY PLACE, HAUING AN OBLIQUE HORIZON,
HOW MUCH THE POLE IS ELEUATED ABOUE THE HORIZON?}]

   That is declared in the second booke of this Treatise,       #
wheras I
speake of the latitude and longitude of the earth, in the 8.    #
chapter.

[}OF THE MERIDIAN, AND OF THE VSES THEREOF.}]

[}CAP. 18.}]

[}WHAT IS THE MERIDIAN?}]

   It is a great immoouable circle passing through the
Poles of the worlde, and through the Poles of the 
Horizon.

[}WHY IS IT CALLED THE MERIDIAN?}]

   Because that when the sun rising aboue the Horizon in the    #
East,
commeth to touch this line with the Center of his body, then    #
it is
midday or noonetide to those, through whose (^Zenith^) that     #
Circle
passeth. And when the Sun after his going downe in the west     #
commeth 
to touch the selfe line againe in the point opposit, it is to   #
them
midnight, and note that diuers Cities, hauing diuers Latitudes,
that is to say, being distant one from another North and South  #
be
it neuer so far, may haue one selfe Meridian: but if they be    #
distant
one from another East & West, bee it neuer so little, then      #
they must
<P 154R>
needes haue diuers Meridians, and such distance betwixt the two
seuerall Meridians, is called the difference of Longitude       #
whereof
we shall speake hereafter more at large when we come to treate  #
of
the Longitude and Latitude of the earth, which something        #
differeth 
from the Longitude and Latitude of the starres of Planets,
whereof we haue already spoken in the 11. Chapter.

[}HOW MANY MERIDIANS BE THERE?}]

   The Astronomers doe appoint for euery two degrees of the     #
Equinoctiall
a Meridian, so as they make in all 180. Albeit most
commonly in the Spheare they set downe but one, which serueth
for all by turning the body of the Spheare to it, which for     #
y=e= cause
is called the mooueable Meridian. And in such Spheares as haue
not a foote and a standing Horizon, there is no Meridian at     #
al, but
the two Colures are faine to supply their want, but all         #
terrestriall
Globes are commonly described with twelue Meridians, cutting
the Equinoctiall in 24. points, and deuiding the same into 24.  #
spaces,
euery space containing 15. degrees, which is an houre, by
meanes whereof we know how much sooner or latter it is noontide
in any place, for it is noonetide sooner to those whose         #
Meridian is
more Eastward then to them whose Meridian is more Westward.
And contrariwise the Eclipse of the Sun or Moone appeareth      #
sooner
to those whose Meridian is more Westward.

[}WHAT OTHER VSES HATH THIS CIRCLE?}]

   This circle deuideth the East part of the world from the     #
West
and also it sheweth both the North and South, for by turning
your face towardes the East, you shall finde the Sunne being in
that line at noonetide to bee on your right hand right South,   #
the
opposit part of which circle sheweth on your left hand the      #
North.
Also this Circle by reason that it passeth through both the     #
Poles
of the world, deuideth both the Equinoctiall and all his        #
Paralels
into two equall parts as well aboue the Horizon as under the    #
Horizon,
and by that meanes it deuideth the artificial day and           #
artificiall
night each of them into two parts, that is to say, into two     #
semidiurnall 
and into two seminocturnall parts. For betwixt that part
of the Horizon where the Sun riseth, mounting still untill he   #
come
to this Circle, which is at noonetide, is contayned the first   #
halfe of
the day, & the other halfe is from the same circle to the       #
going down
of the Sunne under the Horizon. And the first parte of the      #
night is
<P 154V>
the space betwixt the Suns going down and his comming againe
to the Meridian, which is at midnight, and from thence to the   #
time
of his rising is the other halfe of the night, and also the     #
Astronomers
take the beginning of their naturall day from this circle,
counting either from noontide to noontide, or else from         #
midnight to
midnight. Againe, this circle sheweth the right ascentions and  #
declinations
of the starres, and the highest altitude, otherwise called
the Meridian altitude of the Sun or of any star, or degree of   #
the Ecliptique,
or of any other point in the firmament, al which vses and
many others more you shal better understand hereafter, when wee
come to shew the vses of the globe as well terrestriall as      #
celestiall.

[}OF THE VERTICALL CIRCLES, AND VSES THEREOF}]

[}CAP. 13}] [^13 MISTAKENLY FOR 19^]

   But here you haue to note that though the most part of
Geographers doe set downe in their Spheares but 6. 
great circles, yet ther is another great circle called the
circle Verticall, which passeth right ouer our heades
through our (^Zenith^) , wheresoeuer we be vpon the land or     #
sea, crossing
our Horizon in 2. points opposite, and deuiding the same into 
two equall parts, and such kind of circles are called in        #
Arabick (^Azimuthes^) , 
whereof you may imagine that there be so many as ther
be rombes or winds in the Marriners compasse, which are in      #
number
32. yea, and if you will, you may make halfe so many as there
be degrees in the Horizon, which are in nu~ber 360. the halfe   #
whereof
is 180. If you be right under the Equinoctiall, and doe goe or
saile right East or West, then the Equinoctiall is your         #
Verticall
circle, and if you goe or saile right North or South, then the  #
Meridian
is your uerticall circle, which two circles notwithstanding
do alwaies keepe their names. But in sayling by any other       #
rombe,
that circle which is imagined to passe from the true East       #
pointe
right ouer your head unto the true West point, or which         #
crosseth
your Meridian in the (^Zenith^) point with right Sphericall     #
angles,
is most properly called the uerticall circle, and the learned   #
seamen
haue great respect to two speciall kinds of Verticall circles,  #
that
is, the Magneticall Meridian, and the (^Azimuth^) of the Sunne.
<P 155R>
[}WHAT MANNER OF VERTICALL CIRCLES BEE THOSE, AND WHERETO
SERUE THEY?}]

   M. Borrough in his discourse of the variation of the         #
Compasse, 
defineth the Magneticall Meridian to bee a great Circle, which
passeth through the Zenith and the Pole of the load stone       #
called in
Latine (\Magnes\) , and deuideth the Horizon into two equall    #
parts, 
by crossing the same in two points opposite. Againe the Azimuth
of the Sunne is a great Circle, passing through the Zenith and 
the Centre of the Sunne in what part of the heauen so euer he   #
be,
so as he be aboue the Horizon, which Circle deuideth the        #
Horizon
into two equall parts by crossing the same in two points        #
opposite.
And by helpe of these two Circles and a certaine instrument     #
made
of purpose to giue a true shadow, he teacheth to finde out the  #
true
Meridian of any place: And also to know how much any Mariners
Compasse doth varie from the true North and South, in           #
Northeasting
or Northwesting, whereof I shall speake more at large
hereafter in my treatise of Nauigation.

[}WHAT VSE IS THERE OF THE VERTICALL CIRCLES, OR 
AZIMUTHES?}]

   The uerticall Circle sheweth what time the Sunne or any      #
other
starre rysing beyond the true East pointe, is passed that
Sunne or saide starre, commeth to the true East or anye other
rombe. Also in what Coast or part of heauen, the Sunne, Moone, 
or any other starre is at any time being mounted aboue the      #
Horizon, 
as whether it bee Southeast or Northeast, or in any other
rombe: Also by helpe of the uerticall Circle most properly so   #
called,
are the twelue houses of heauen set, according to (^Campanus^) 
and (^Gazula^) . And by helpe of these Circles you may also     #
knowe
how any place vppon the earth beareth one from another eyther
Eastward of Westward, and so foorth, for euerie place hath his
seuerall Azimuth aunswerable to the Horizon and Zenith of the
saide place.

[}OF CERTAINE CIRCLES CALLED (^ALMICANTERATHES^) .}]

   Since I haue spoken heere somewhat of the uerticall Circles 
called (^Azimuthes^) , it shall not be amisse to shew you also  #
that there
be other Circles to bee considered of in the Spheare as well    #
as in
the Astrolabe called (^Almicanterathes^) , that is to say,      #
Circles of
Altitude, which though they be not al great Circles, for euery  #
one
<P 155V>
is lesser then other proceeding fro~ the oblique Horizon of     #
any place 
to the Zenith of the said place, yet the first                  #
(^Almicanterath^) which
is the verie oblique Horizon it selfe, is a great Circle        #
deuiding the 
Spheare into two equall parts, and all the rest are lesser and  #
lesser,
untill you come to the verie Zenith, and are paralels to the    #
Horizon, 
euen as the Tropiques and the other lesser Circles are          #
paralels 
unto the Equinoctiall. And the Zenith in Sphericall bodies
is the Centre of them all, though it bee not so in Astrolabes,  #
in
there euerie (^Almicanterath^) is saine to haue his seuerall    #
Centre,
of which Circles there be in all 90. according to the number    #
of 90
degrees contained betwixt the oblique Horizon and the Zenith, 
and these Circles doe serue to shew the Altitude of the Sunne   #
or
Moone, or of any other starre fixed or wandring, being mounted  #
at
any time aboue the oblique Horizon, which is easie to bee       #
found by
any Quadrant, Crosse-staffe, or Astrolabe. But leauing to       #
speake
any further of these Circles, because they are not vsed to be   #
described
in Spheares but onely in Astrolabes, I will now treate of the 
foure lesser Circles before mentioned, which are commonly set
downe in euery Spheare or Globe.

[}OF THE FOURE LESSER CIRCLES, THAT IS TO SAY, THE CIRCLE       #
ARCTIQUE,
THE CIRCLE ANTARCTIQUE, THE TROPIQUE OF CANCER, AND THE         #
TROPIQUE
OF CAPRICORNE, AND ALSO OF THE FIUE ZONES, THAT IS TO SAY,
TWO COLD, TWO TEMPERATE, AND ONE EXTREMELY HOAT.}]
         
[}CAP. 20.}]

[}WHICH CALL YOU THE LESSER CIRCLES?}]

   They are those that doe not deuide the 
Spheare into two equall parts, as the great
Circles doe, and of such there bee foure, that
is the two Polar circles, and the two Tropiques,
that is to say, the Tropique of (^Cancer^) ,
and the Tropique of (^Capricorne^) , of 
which Polar circles the one is called Arctique, and the other   #
Antarctique,
and are made by the turning about of the two Poles of
the Zodiaque, which Poles being situated in the Colure of the
<P 156R>
Solstices are so farre distant from the Poles of the world, as  #
is the
greatest declination of the Sunne from the Equinoctiall, which  #
is
23. degrees, 2'8. as hath beene said before. 

[}WHICH IS THE ARCTIQUE CIRCLE, AND WHY IS IT SO CALLED?}]

   The Arctique Circle is that which is next to the North Pole,
and hath his name of this worde (\Arctos\) , which is the       #
great Beare
or Charles wayne, which are seuen stars placed next to this     #
Circle 
on the outside thereof, and it is otherwise called the          #
Septentrionall
Circle of this word (\Septentrio\) , which is as much to say as
seuen Oxen, signified by the seuen stars of the little Beare,   #
which
doe mooue slowly like Oxen, and are placed all within the sayde
Circle, and the bright starre that is in the tippe of the       #
tayle of the
sayde little Beare, is called of the Mariners the loade starre  #
or
North starre, whereby they sayle on the Sea, and the Centre of 
this Circle is the North Pole of the world which is not to be   #
seene
with mans eye.

[}WHAT IS THE ANTARCTIQUE CIRCLE?}]

   It is that which is next unto the South Pole, and it is so
called, because it is opposite or contrarie to the Circle 
Arctique.

[}NOW DESCRIBE THE TWO TROPIQUES.}]

   The Tropique of (^Cancer^) is a Circle imagined to bee       #
betwixt
the Equinoctiall and the Circles Arctique, which Circles the
Sun maketh when he entreth into the first degree of             #
(^Cancer^) , which
is about y=e= twelue or thirteenth day of June being then in    #
his greatest
declination from the Equinoctiall Northward, and nighest to 
our Zenith, being ascended to the highest point that he can     #
goe, at
which time the daies with us be at the longest, and the         #
nightes at
the shortest. And so from thence he declineth to the other      #
Tropique
called the Tropique of (^Capricorne^) , which is a Circle       #
imagined to
be betwixt the Equinoctiall and the Circle Antarctique, which   #
the
Sunne maketh when hee entreth into the first degree of          #
(^Capricorne^) ,
which is about the twelfth or thirteenth daye of December 
at which time hee is againe in his greatest declination from
the Equinoctiall Southwarde, and furthest from our Zenith:
whereby the dayes with us bee then at the shortest, and the     #
nights
<P 156V>
at the longest: And note that these two Circles are called      #
Tropiques
of this Greeke word (\Tropos\) , which is as much to say as a
conuersion or turning, for when the Sunne arriueth at any of    #
these 
two Circles, he turneth backe againe either ascending or        #
descending,
by reason of which foure Circles as well the firmament as 
the earth is deuided into fiue Zones, that is to say, two       #
colde, two
temperate, & one extremely hoat, otherwise called the burnt     #
Zone,
of which fiue Zones, the foresaid foure circles are the true    #
bounds.
For of the two cold Zones, the one lyeth betwixt the North pole
and the Circle Arctique, and the other lyeth betwixt the South
Pole and the Circle Antarctique, & of the two temperate Zones, 
the one lyeth betwixt the Circle Arctique, & the Tropique of    #
(^Cancer^) ,
and the other lyeth betwixt the Circle Antarctique, and the
Tropique of (^Capricorne^) , & the extreme hoat Zone lyeth      #
betwixt
the two Tropiques, in the middest of which two Tropiques, is    #
the 
Equinoctiall line, as you may see in this figure and also in    #
the
Spheare or Globe it selfe.
(^A figure shewing the fiue foresaid Zones.^) [^FIGURE          #
OMITTED^]
<P 157R>
   Of which Zones the auncient men were wont to say that three
were unhabitable, that is, the two colde, and the extreame      #
hoat, 
which experience sheweth in these latter daies, to be untrue,   #
as we
shall declare more at large when we come to treate of the       #
diuision
of the earth: Againe you haue to understand that euery one of   #
these
lesser Circles doth containe in length, 360. degrees as well as #
euery
one of the greater Circles, but the degrees are not of like     #
bignesse,
no more then the Circles themselues are like in compasse or
circuit, for the lesser the Circles are in circuit, the lesser  #
their degrees
must needes be.

[}SITH EUERY OF THE LESSER CIRCLES DIFFER ONE FROM ANOTHER IN 
CIRCUIT, AND THEREBY THE DEGREES OF EUERY CIRCLE BE LESSER      #
THEN 
OTHER, HOW SHALL I KNOW THE TRUE QUANTITIE OF EUERY DEGREE IN
ECH CIRCLE, AND HOW MANYE MINUTES ARE REQUIRED IN EUERIE
LESSER DEGREE PROPORTIONALLY TO ANSWERE ONE DEGREE OF THE 
EQUINOCTIALL.}]

   For the better knowledge hereof, you must first imagine that
there may bee as many Circles made from the Equinoctiall        #
towards 
any of the Poles, as there be degrees of Latitude, which are
in number 90. as hath beene said before: And the nigher that    #
any
circle is to the Equinoctiall, the greater it is in circuit,    #
and the further
from the Equinoctiall towards any of the Poles, the lesser in
circuit, and therfore more or lesse minutes are requisite to    #
answere
to one degree of the Equinoctiall, as you may easily perceiue   #
by
this Table following, consisting of 6. collums, euery front or  #
head
whereof is noted with three great letters, D. M. S. signifying  #
degrees,
minutes and seconds, sixe times repeated, and in the beginning 
of the first collum on the left hand is set downe one degree,
which is the first degree of 90. and nighest unto the           #
Equinoctiall,
right against which one degree is placed towards the right      #
hand,
59. minutes, and 59. seconds: and so proceeding from degree to  #
degree
successiuely, untill you come to 90. you shall finde how many
minutes and seconds doe answere to one degree of the            #
Equinoctiall, 
and this Table will also serue to shew the difference of miles  #
in
euery sundry clyme or paralell, whereof we shall speake         #
hereafter
when we come to treat of the earth. 



<B CEEDUC2A>
<Q E2 EX EDUC BRINSLEY>
<N LUDUS LITERARIUS>
<A BRINSLEY JOHN>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BRINSLEY, JOHN.
LUDUS LITERARIUS OR THE GRAMMAR
SCHOOLE (1627).
ED. E. T. CAMPAGNAC.
LIVERPOOL: UNIVERSITY PRESS 
AND LONDON: CONSTABLE & CO. LTD., 1917.
PP. 8.19 - 16.5     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 41.1 - 48.37    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 8>
[}CHAP. II.}]
[}WHEN THE SCHOLLER SHOULD FIRST BE SET TO THE
SCHOOLE.}]

(^Spoud.^)
   That I may begin at the very first entrance of the
Schoole: let me inquire this of you, how soon you 
would have your childe set unto the Schoole; for
I thinke that worthy to be first knowne, if so be
that you purpose to have your scholler fitted for the           #
Universitie,
by fifteene yeeres of age.
   (^Phil.^) I like your reason well, to enter there. But to    #
the
intent that I may more fully make knowne unto you, what
I thinke, and have found in this behalfe, let mee heare first
of you, as I wished in generall, at what age you use in your
countrey, to set your children to begin to learne.
<P 9>
   (^Spoud.^) For the time of their entrance with us, in our
countrey schooles, it is commonly about seven or eight
yeeres old: sixe is very soone. If any beginne so early, they
are rather sent to the schoole to keepe them from troubling
the house at home, and from danger, and shrewd turnes,
then for any great hope and desire their friends have that 
they should learne any thing in effect.
   (^Phil.^) I finde that therein first is a very great want    #
generally;
for that the child, if hee be of any ordinary towardnesse
and capacitie, should begin at five yeere old at the uttermost,
or sooner rather. My reasons are these:
   1. Because that then children will begin to conceive of
instruction, and to understand; and bee able not onely to
know their letters, to spell and to reade, but also to take a
delight therein, and to strive to goe before their fellowes.
Experience heerein will quickely teach every one, who
shall make triall of it, if so be that they doe follow a right
course.
   2. Very reason must needs perswade every one of this.
For, if they bee apt much before five yeeres of age,
to learne shrewdnesse, and those things which are hurtfull,
which they must bee taught to unlearne againe; why are
they not as well fit to learne those things which are good
and profitable for them, if they be entred and drawne on in 
such a manner, as they may take a delight and finde a kinde
of sport and play in the same? This delight may and ought
to be in all their progresse, and most of all in their first    #
entrance,
to make them the better to love the schoole, and
learning, as we shall see after.
   3. Many of them doe learne so much untowardnesse and
naughtinesse amongst other rude children, in that time
before they come to schoole, that they are worse for it         #
continually
after: and also they feele such sweetnesse in play
and idlenesse, as they can hardly bee framed to leave
it, and to take a delight in their bookes without very much
adoe.
<P 10>
   4. This first age is that wherein they are most pliant, and
may bee bended and fashioned most easily to any good
course. And being thus accustomed to good things from
their infancie, and kept so much as may be, from all practice
and sight of evill, custome becomes unto them another nature.
So great a thing it is (according to the old proverbe)
to accustome children, even from their tender yeeres; and
so undoubtedly true is that common verse,
(\Quo semel est imbuta recens seruabit odorem testa diu.\)
   5. Above all these is a principall benefit, that by this
meanes two or three yeeres may well be gained, to fit your
Scholler so much sooner for the Universitie, or for any honest
trade or calling. So that a child thus entred rightly, shall
doe much more at eight yeeres old, then another so neglected
can doe at ten, or it may bee at eleven or twelve. Also
many such shall be meete for trades and like imployments,
when they have no learning to fit them thereunto. This must 
needs be a great griefe to the Parents of such, whose children
have so lost their time, as it is a joy to others whose
children have beene so well brought up, when they see
their children compared together.
   6. Lastly, our time being so short, it much concerneth
every parent, to see their children to have the best education 
and instruction, which is the chiefe patrimonie, and the
greatest comfort and hope both of the Parents and Children,
and also of their houses and posteritie. And this so
soone as ever may bee, to fit them for some profitable          #
imploiment
for Church or Common-wealth.
   (^Spoud.^) But they will say with us, that it will hinder    #
the
growth of their children to be set to schoole so young.
   (^Phil.^) Let the schoole be made unto them a place of play:
and the children drawn on by that pleasant delight which
ought to be, it can then no more hinder their growth then
their play doth, but rather further it, when they sit at their 
ease; besides that continuall experience doth confute this
errour.
   (^Spoud.^) Bee it so as you say: yet this is a received      #
opinion, 
<P 11>
that it will cause them to hate the schoole, whe~ they should
be set to it in good earnest.
   (^Phil.^) Nay rather it is clean contrary: for being         #
acquainted
with the schoole so young, and with the sport and pleasure
which they finde amongst other children there; and
also being kept from feeling the overmuch sweetnesse in
play, it shall cause them to love & to delight in the schoole
continually, and to goe on without any repining, or so
much as thinking of being away from the schoole: whereas
they being nuzled up in play abroad, are very hardly
reclaimed and weaned from it, to sticke to their bookes 
indeede.
   (^Spoud.^) But yet it is thought that they can get but       #
little
learning then, being so very young, and therefore there is
the smaller losse of a yeere or two, at that time.
   (^Phil.^) The losse will bee found in the end, although it   #
bee
indeed in the beginning. For looke how many yeeres they
lose in the beginning if they bee apt, so many in the end
they will bee shorter, of such of their fellowes, who are but
of their owne age, and applied all alike being of like          #
capacitie.
Therefore, as wee will not let them lose a day, when
they grove towards the Universitie, so neither should we
when they are young; but prevent this losse, and take the 
time in the beginning.
   (^Spoud.^) We see notwithstanding some very long ere ever
they begin, who then goe forward with it the fastest of all.
   (^Phil.^) It is true in some pregnant wits, and who are      #
industrious:
but you shall have others as blockish and dull. Also,
for those, if they go so fast in the rudiments & first grounds,
how much more would they doe so at the same time in better
studies? Neither can they have halfe that learning in all
things, which others of like age and aptnesse have, who have
been well applyed from their first yeeres.
   (^Spoud.^) I yeeld to all which you have said in this        #
behalfe;
and I doe see plainely the exceeding benefits, that
must needs come hereby, especially in gaining of time;
if they may bee entred in that playing manner, and goe forward
<P 12>
with alacritie and contention; and moreover so, 
that they bee not any way overloaded or discouraged, nor
yet indangered, by the overcharging of their wits and 
memories.
   (^Phil.^) For that take you no feare; you shall (God         #
willing)
see the evidence of that, and a plaine direction in every 
Chapter, how to proceede in that easie and playing kinde.
Therefore, if you be satisfied in this, let us come unto the
next point.
   (^Spoud.^) Very gladly Sir: for I long to heare this, how    #
you
would teach your child being so yong, to reade so soon and
readily.
   (^Phil.^) I like the point well: proceed according to your 
order.

[}CHAP. III.}]

[}HOW THE SCHOLLER MAY BE TAUGHT TO READE ENGLISH
SPEEDILY, TO FIT HIM THE SOONER, AND BETTER FOR
THE GRAMMAR SCHOOLE.}]

(^Spoud.^) 
   Before wee enter into this question, let me put you
in minde of one thing, which doth much trouble
mee concerning this very matter. That it seemeth
to mee an unreasonable thing, that the Grammar
Schooles should bee troubled with teaching A.B.C. seeing
it is so great a hinderance to those paines which wee
should take with our Grammar Schollers, for whom wee
are appointed: Because it doth take up almost one halfe
of our time, and thereby doth deprive us of a chiefe
part of the fruit of our labours; especially when our
mindes are so distracted, and our thoughts carried so
many wayes, to doe good to all. The very little ones in
a towne, in most countrey townes which are of any bignesse,
<P 13>
would require a whole man, of themselves, to bee alwaies
hearing, poasing & following them, so as they ought
to be applyed: for continuall applying in a right course, is
in this and all other parts of learning, above all other
meanes. And young ones, by a little slaking our hands, run
faster backe, then ever they went forward; as boates going
up the streame.
   Besides, it is an extreme vexation, that we must be toiled
amongst such little petties, and in teaching such matters,
whereof wee can get no profit, nor take any delight in our
labours.
   (^Phil.^) I am well inured with this grievance, which you
speake of, and doe know by long experience your complaint
to bee just in this behalfe. I myselfe have complained
of it many a time. For it were much to be wished,
that none might bee admitted to the Grammar schooles,
untill they were able to reade English: as namely, that they
could reade the New Testament perfectly, and that they
were in their Accidences, or meet to enter into them. There
might bee some other schoole in the towne, for these little
ones to enter them. It would helpe some poore man or woman,
who knew not how to live otherwise, and who might
doe that well, if they were rightly directed. Also it would be
such an ease to all Grammar Schoolemasters, as they might
doe much more good in their places. Wherefore, all such
Schoolemasters who are incumbered with this inconvenience,
are not onely to wish, but also to labour to have it
reformed in their severall schooles. Yet notwithstanding,
where it cannot be redressed, it must be borne with wisdome
and patience as an heavy burden. Patience shall make it
much more light. And therefore every one is to doe his
best indeavour, to know how to make it most easie, if it
doe lie upon him. Moreover, seeing we purpose, God willing,
to goe thorow all the whole course of learning, and
also sith our labour is to finde out the meanes, whereby to
make the way plaine, to traine up every childe from
the very first entrance into learning, (as was said)
<P 14>
untill wee have brought him into the Universitie, we cannot
omit any point, which may tend unto the fame, much
lesse the first steppe of all. For, a child well entred is      #
halfe
made: according to that Proverbe, (\Principium, dimidium
totius\) . The foundation well layd, the building must needs
goe forward much more happily. This is specially true in
learning; wherein children feeling a sweetnesse in the          #
beginning,
are very much incouraged, as daily experience
will manifest to every one.
   (^Spoud.^) I see well the necessitie of undergoing this      #
burden,
in those places where remedy cannot be had, without
greater inconveniences. And therefore, sith that necessitie
hath no law, nor for myselfe I know no meanes how to 
bee freed from it; I pray you let us returne againe unto the
point, and let mee still intreat of you your best direction,
to make this burden so light as may bee. This is a thing
worth the diligence of all, who must be imployed amongst
little ones: to wit, to teach children how to read well, and
to pronounce their letters truly; as also to spell right, and
to know how to write true Orthography in a short space.
For (that I may acknowledge the truth, and which hath bin
no small discredit unto mee in this behalfe) I have had some
who have beene with me, two or three yeeres, before they
could reade well. And that which hath yet been much more
grievous to me. I have sometimes beene so abashed and
ashamed, that I have not knowne what to say, when some
being a little discontented, or taking occasion to quarrel      #
about
paying my stipend, have cast this in my teeth, that 
their children have been under me sixe or seven yeeres, and
yet have not learned to reade English well. I myselfe have
also knowne, that their complaints have been true in part;
though I have taken all the paines with them that ever I
could devise. Therefore good Sir, set downe as plainely and
shortly as you can, how this may be helped. Both myselfe
and many other shal be much beholden for your direction
in this first entrance. For my maner of entring them, it is
that which I take to be everywhere: to teach & heare them
<P 15>
so oft over untill they can say a lesson, and so to a new.
   (^Phil.^) I likewise have been well acquainted with this     #
your
trouble: and therefore I will indevour, to afford you so
much as I have yet learned, how to avoid these clamours;
and how any poore man who will imploy his paines, may
learn to teach children to read well in a short time, though
this may seeme unbefitting our profession.
   First the childe is to be taught, how to call every letter,
pronouncing each of them plainely, fully and distinctly; I
meane, in a distinct and differing sound, each from others,
and also naturally, from the very first entrance to learning.
More specially to bee carefull, for the right pronouncing
the five vowels, in the first place, as (^a, e, i, o, u^) .     #
Because these
are first and most naturall, and doe make a perfect sound,
so that they may bee pronounced fully of themselves;
and they being rightly uttered, all the rest are more plaine.
After these vowels, to teach them to pronounce every other
letter: which are therefore called Consonants, because 
they cannot make a perfect sound of themselves, without a
Vowell.
   This may be done, and also the teaching of children to
spell any syllable, before the child do know any letter on
the booke; and that, some wise and experienced doe hold
the surest and best course. But they are, at least, to be       #
taught
to pronounce their letters thus, as they doe learne them; to
prevent the griefe and wearisomnesse of teaching them to
forget evil customes in pronouncing, which they tooke 
up in their first ill learning. And so ever in teaching to      #
read,
the teachers are to continue the like care of sweet and         #
naturall
pronunciation.
   Secondly, for the knowing of the letters (besides that
common manner practised in Schooles, which is by oft
reading over all the letters forwards and backwards untill
they can say them) they may be much furthered thus; That
is, by causing the childe to find out, and to shew you which
is (^a^) , which (^b^) , which (^c^) , which (^f^) , and so     #
any other letter. First
to finde them in the Alphabet, then in any other place.
<P 16>
Or if you will let them learne but one letter at once, untill
they can readily know or finde out that letter in any place,
and after that another in the same manner: This is holden
the surer and more easie way: But this at your owne 
judgement.       
  
<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 41>
[}CHAP. V.}]
[}OF CERTAINE GENERALL OBSERVATIONS TO BEE KNOWNE OF
SCHOOLE-MASTERS, AND PRACTISED CAREFULLY IN ALL
GRAMMAR LEARNING CHIEFELY. AND FIRST,
OF CAUSING ALL THINGS TO BE DONE
WITH UNDERSTANDING.}]

(^Phil.^) 
For the generall Observations, the first may be this:
   1. That Schollers be taught to do all things with
understanding; and to be able to give a reason of every
matter which they learne. And so in every lecture
which they learne in any tongue, first to understand the
matter of it, and the lesson will be learned presently.
   But before I speake any more of this, I pray you let me
heare of you what course you have taken in this point.
   (^Spoud.^) This first observation seemeth strange unto me,   #
at
the very naming of it. I my selfe have used onely this course,
and I thinke it to be all that is done in most of our countrey
Schooles; To give Lectures to the severall formes, or cause
some Scholler to do it. And therein first to reade them over
their Lecture, then to construe them, and in the lower formes
to parse them. So when they come to say; to heare them
whether they can reade, say without booke, construe and
parse. More, as I take it, is not much used, for the            #
understanding
and making use of them.
   (^Phil.^) I know it to be as you say; and do hold it to be a
verie great defect in Schooles generally: yea a farre greater
hinderance to learning, then that of letting them to
lose so many yeeres, before they begin to learne. For this
is a matter which of all other concerneth the credit of
Schooles, and furthereth learning wonderfully; to teach
Schollers to understand whatsoever they learne, and to be
<P 42>
able to give a reason of every thing why it is so; and to doe
this from the lowest to the highest. My reasons are these:
   1. Because if it were rightly knowne, and constantly         #
practised
in Schooles, it would bring forth very neere double so
much good and sound learning, as is now gotten co~monly.
   2. It would bring withall, so much ease, pleasure and        #
delight,
both to all teachers and learners, and also so much
certainety, and cause them to go forward with such              #
cheerefulnesse,
boldnesse and contention, as will hardly be beleeved
untill it be tried by experience. In a word; it would cause all
things to be gotten much more speedily, layed up more safely,
and kept more surely in memory. Therefore, that old rule
is true;
(\Legere & non intelligere negligere est.\)
   To reade and not to understand what we reade, or not to
know how to make use of it, is nothing else but a neglect of
all good learning, and a meere abuse of the meanes and helps
to attaine the same. It is no other thing but a very losse of
our precious time, and of all our labour and cost bestowed
therein, in regard of that which is read with understanding.
   We may see triall here of sundry wayes.      
   1. Let children be examined together; I meane such as of
whom one of them alone hath beene taught to do all things
by reason and with understanding; so that he is able to give
you a plaine reason, and make the right use of every thing,
which he hath learned: the other have learned onely to say
without booke, to construe and parse; then marke the            #
difference.
Although all these learne one and the same Author;
yet when they come to the triall, you would thinke that one
to have all learning, when you heare him to give a reason of
every thing, and that he can make use of all things; all the
rest to have almost nothing at all, or at least nothing in      #
regard
of that one so taught.
   2. Prove it thus in getting learning.
Teach your Scholler one lesson which you cause him to
understand perfectly before: another of the same matter,
whereof he understandeth little or nothing; and then trie
<P 43>
whether he will not do that, whereof he understandeth the
meaning and reasons, almost in halfe the time, which the other
will require. And this also so, as you may evidently discerne
it, that he will do it with much more ease, certainety
and boldnesse, then he can do the other.
   3. We our selves may make triall of it by our owne           #
experience,
in construing any difficult piece of Latine, Greeke,
or Hebrew, or committing any thing to memorie; whether
if so be that we do but understand the matter of it before
perfectly, we shall not do it in halfe the time, and with one
halfe of the labour, that otherwise it would require.
   Or if we would write or speake of any thing, let us prove
it but thus: If we first understand the matter well, and have
it perfectly in our head, whether words to expresse our
minds will not follow as of themselves.
   To this very purpose, for confirming the truth hereof,
and to keepe a continuall remembrance of this point; these
three verses of (^Horace^) were worthy to be written in letters
of gold, and to be imprinted in the memorie of every one
who is desirous to get the best learning: for so they would
indeede prove golden verses, and make undoubtedly
golden times;
(\Scribendi recte sapere est & principium & fons:
Rem tibi Socraticae poterunt ostendere chartae;
Verbaque prouisam rem non inuita sequentur.\)
   The meaning of the verses, I take it to be this: To attaine
to this facultie, to be able to write or speake of any matter,
and so to come to all excellent learning, the very first
and chiefe fountaine, and that which is all in all, is to       #
understand
the matter well in the first place. As for store of
matter, the writings of learned men (such as (^Socrates^) was)
will furnish you abundantly therewith.
   And when you have the matter thoroughly in your head,
words will follow, as waters out of a Fountaine, even almost
naturally, to expresse your mind in any tongue, which you
studie in any right order.
<P 44>
   This will be found to be true in Latine, Greeke, Hebrew,
and by a like reason in every other tongue, and in every        #
facultie:
whether we would write, speake, learne, resolve, or
remember and lay up for ever.
   This was a principall cause that made (^Tully, Ovid,         #
Virgil^) ,
and some others so to flow in eloquence; and especially 
(^Virgil^) , whom men worthily account the chiefe of all
Latine Poets, because they did understand so fully whatsoever
they writ of. I might instance this also in Preachers,
by our daily experience; of whom some are better able to
preach powerfully in two dayes warning, and having words
at will, then other in two moneths; and all because the one
sort are so full of understanding and matter, the other are
so barren thereof.
   Thus in all these examples, every man may see a plaine
demonstration of the truth of these verses of (^Horace^) ,      #
which
he no doubt did write upon his owne experience, as every
man shall find, who wil set himselfe to make triall. Prove and
confirme what tongue soever your Scholler learnes, even
from the first reading of English, if he can repeate you the
matter, or the summe of it, or have it in his head, trie        #
whether
he will not have the words presently. The plentifull experience
which I have seene, of the sweete delight and fruite
of this course, of causing children to do all things with       #
understanding
and reason, compared with the fruitlesse toyles
and griefes of former times, do make me not onely confident
for the thing, but also desirous to make all other partakers
of the benefit.
   (^Spoud.^) I do fully see the evidence of all that which you
have said, and therefore I must needs be perswaded of it. I
do heartily thanke God for it, and will endevor myselfe to put
it in practise continually. Only here is the difficulty, how a
Schoolemaster may do this, to teach his Scholler so to proceede
with understanding, and how to give a reason of every
matter which they learne, to make use of all their learning.
   Above all, how hee may beginne to fraught young
<P 45>
Schollers with all store of matter, as they goe on: this very
much passeth my skill. I should thinke my selfe most happy,
to obtaine this knowledge, if it possibly can be done.
   (^Phil.^) Attend to those things which I shall relate, and I
have no doubt, but I shall very much accomplish your desire
in this: for our whole conference doth tend chiefely to 
this end. As all learning is grounded on reason: so in every
Chapter I shall endeavour my selfe to manifest the reasons
of every thing, and how you may teach others; so farre
forth, as hither to the Lord hath made them knowne unto 
me. And more hereafter, as I shall learne more. The principall
meanes for their understanding, is, by asking short
questions of the matter: for so they will understand any
thing, which they are to learne. But of that more hereafter
in the particular examples; and chiefly, Chap. 23.
   (^Spoud.^) If you have done then with this, let us goe       #
forward
to your next generall observation; and so thorow
them all, as briefly as you can.
   (^Phil.^) My next observation is this: that as I would have
them to do all things with understanding; so to learne onely
such bookes and matters, as whereof they may have the
best use, and that perpetually in all their learning, or in     #
their
whole life. For this is well knowne to every one; that things
well learned in youth, will be kept most surely all the life
long; because in that age they are most easily imprinted,
and sticke the longest in fresh memory. And for that cause,
children should spend no time unfruitfully in such bookes,
as whereof they cannot have both very good and continuall
use. This cannot be but a great folly, to mis-spend our
precious time in such studies, whereof neither our selves
nor others can have benefit after; or else in such, as the
knowledge whereof will vanish for want of practise: and
much more in those, which will corrupt and hurt in stead
of doing good. And therefore all filthy places in the Poets
would be wisely passed over, or wearily expounded. It were
well if there were an (\Index Expurgatorius\) , to purge out    #
all
the filth out of these by leaving it out, or changing it.
<P 46>
   Third rule, and that generall for all Students, is this:     #
that
whatsoever difficult words, or matters of speciall observation,
they do reade in any Author, be marked out; I meane
all such words or things, as either are hard to them in the
learning of them, or which are of some speciall excellency,
or use, worthy the noting: or which after that they have 
beene a certaine time in construction, they have not either
learned, or at least they know not where they have learned
them. For the marking of them, to do it with little lines
under them, or above them, or against such parts of the
word wherein the difficulty lieth, or by some prickes, or
whatsoever letter or marke may best helpe to call the knowledge
of the thing to remembrance, yet so much as may be,
without marring of their books. To do this, to the end that
they may oft-times reade over these, or examine and meditate
of them more seriously, untill that they bee as perfect
in them, as in any of the rest of their bookes: for having      #
these,
then have they all.
   This would be universall, in getting all kinde of learning;
after that children do grow to any discretion to marke such
things rightly: you will marvell (if you have not made triall
of it) how much they will go thorow, and what sound knowledge
they will come unto in any kinde of study; and how
soone by this helpe, more then they can do without it. And
when they have once gotten it, they may as easily keepe it,
and as surely, by oft-times running over those things, which
are so noted, above all the rest. This is the reason that you
shall have the choysest bookes of most great learned men,
and the notablest students, all marked thorow thus, in all
matters either obscure, or of principall and most necessary
use. And this one chife meanes, whereby Schollers may
have the difficultest things in their Authours so perfectly, as
that whensoever they shall bee examined of a sudden, they
shall be very ready, to their great praise, and to the just     #
commendation
of the Schoole. For the manner of noting, it is
best to note all School bookes with inke; and also all others,
which you would have gotten (\ad unguem\) , as we use
<P 47>
to say, or whereof we would have daily or long practice;
because inke will indure: neither will such bookes be the
worse for their noting, but the better, if they be noted with
judgement. But for all other bookes which you would have
faire againe at your pleasure; note them with a pensil of
blacke lead: for that you may rub out againe when you will,
with the crums of new wheat bread.
   The very little ones, which reade but English, may
make some secret markes thus at every hard word; though
but with some little dint with their naile: so that they doe
not marre their bookes.
   Of this I shall speake more particularly in the manner of
parsing, Chap. 9.  
   A fourth observation, is this: That whatsoever bookes
or matter Schollers do learne, after they beginne to learne
without booke; that they learne them so perfectly, and
hold them so surely, by daily repetition and examination,
that they may have in their minds such an absolute knowledge
of all the words, and matters which they have learned;
as wheresoever they shall meete with the same againe, or
shall have occasion to use them, they may not neede to be
driven to learne then anew; but that they may tell of a sudden
where they have learned them, or can repeat the place:
and so make their use and benefit of them.
   To teach the same things twise, or thrise, is a double       #
labour
and griefe: but to have all things which they have
learned, ever in readinesse, is a singular benefit, and a rare
commendation. For besides the preventing of all losse of
labour and time, it shall be to the great delight of all who
heare them tried, and the exceeding furtherance of their
continuall growth in all good learning.
   And to effect this yet more fully; acquaint them in all
their Lectures and exercises, some one of them or other,
who can tell first, to repeate where they have learned every
hard word: and that chiefly in their Grammar, if they have
learned it there, to have that exceeding perfect; and to
marke surely every new word, according to the direction
which I have before given.
<P 48>
   A fift generall observation, and which is not inferiour
to any of the former, for the good both of Masters and
Schoollers, and the very great benefit of Schooles, is this:
that the whole Schoole be divided into so few fourmes as
may be, of so many as can any way be fitted to goe together:
though they be sixteene, or twenty, yes, fortie in a
fourme, it is not the worse.
   The reasons of it are most cleere.
   1. In most things it is almost the same labour to teach
twenty, as to teach two: as in reading all Lectures and rules
unto them, in examining all parts and Lectures. Like as it
is in Sermons, and Catechisings, where it is the same labour
to teach one, that it is to teach a thousand, if all can heare  #
alike.
This is very generall, except in exercises of writing;
wherin also great advantage may be gotten by this meanes,
if right order be observed, as we shall shew after.
   2. Secondly, the fewer fourmes there are, the more time
may be spent in each fourme; and more labour may be bestowed
in examining every tittle necessary. Which worke 
of continuall examination, is a notable quickner and nourisher
of all good learning; helping marvellously understanding,
audacity, memory, and provoking emulation of
the Schollers: and therefore a principall part of the Master's
labour, and of the time in the Schoole, would be imployed
in this.
   3. By this meanes, every one of a fourme shall some way
provoke, or incourage the rest of their fellowes. If they be
but dull, the rest will thinke to go before them; but if they
be more pregnant and witty, or more painefull and diligent,
they shall put spirits into all the rest, and be as a spurre    #
unto
them. For there is in our nature an inbred desire to ayme at
the best, and to wish to equalize them in each commendable
quality: if there be right meanes of direction and              #
incouragement
thereunto.
   Also every one of a forme may someway helpe the rest:
for none are so dull, but they may happely remember some
thing, which none of the rest did.



<B CEEDUC2B>
<Q E2 EX EDUC BACON>
<N ADV LEARNING>
<A BACON FRANCIS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BACON, FRANCIS.
THE TWOO BOOKES OF THE PROFICIENCE
AND ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING (1605).
ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 218.
AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM LTD. 
AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS, 1970 (FACSIMILE).
THE FIRST BOOKE,  PP. 17R.13 - 23V.9  (SAMPLE 1)
THE SECOND BOOKE, PP.  2R.14 -  7R.15 (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 17R>
   Now I proceede to those errours and vanities,
which haue interueyned amongst the studies themselues
of the learned; which is that which is principall 
and proper to the present argument, wherein
my purpose is not to make a iustification of the errors,
but by a censure and separation of the errors,
to make a iustificatio~ of that which is good & sound;
and to deliuer that from the aspersion of the other.
For we see, that it is the manner of men, to scandalize 
and depraue that which retaineth the state, and
vertue, by taking aduantage vpon that which is corrupt 
and degenerate; as the Heathens in the primitiue 
Church vsed to blemish and taynt the Christians 
with the faults and corruptions of Heretiques:
But neuerthelesse, I haue no meaning at this time to
make any exact animaduersion of the errors and
impediments in matters of learning, which are
more secret and remote from vulgar opinion; but
<P 17V>
onely to speake vnto such as doe fall vnder, or neere
vnto, a popular obseruation.
   There be therfore chiefely three vanities in Studies, 
whereby learning hath been most traduced: For
those things we do esteeme vaine, which are either
false of friuolous, those which either haue no truth,
or no vse: & those persons we esteem vain, which are
either credulous or curious, & curiositie is either in
mater or words; so that in reason, as wel as in experence, 
there fal out to be these 3. diste~pers (as I may
tearm the~) of learning; The first fantastical learning:
The second contentious learning, & the last delicate
learning, vaine Imaginations, vaine Altercations,
& vain affectatio~s: & with the last I wil begin, (^Martin
Luther^) conducted (no doubt) by an higher prouidence, 
but in discourse of reason, finding what a
Prouince he had vndertaken against the Bishop of
(^Rome^) , and the degenerate traditions of the Church,
and finding his owne solitude, being no waies ayded
by the opinions of his owne time, was enforced to
awake all Antiquitie, and to call former times to his
succors, to make a partie against the present time:
so that the ancient Authors, both in Diuinitie and
in Humanitie, which had long time slept in Libraries, 
began generally to be read and reuolued. This
by consequence, did draw on a necessitie of a more
exquisite trauaile in the languages originall, wherin
those Authors did write: For the better vndersta~ding
of those Authors, and the better aduantage of pressing 
and applying their words: And thereof grew
<P 18R>
againe, a delight in their manner of Stile and Phrase,
and an admiration of that kinde of writing; which
was much furthered & precipitated by the enmity
& opposition, that the propounders of those (primitiue, 
but seeming new opinions) had against the
Schoole-men: who were generally of the contrarie 
part: and whose Writings were altogether in a
differing Stile and fourme, taking libertie to coyne,
and frame new tearms of Art, to expresse their own
sence, and to auoide circuite of speech, without regard 
to the purenesse, pleasantnesse, and (as I may
call it) lawfulnesse of the Phrase or word: And againe,
because the great labour that then was with
the people (of whome the Pharisees were wont to
say: (\Execrabilis ista turba quae non nouit legem\) ) for the
winning and perswading of them, there grewe of
necessitie in cheefe price, and request, eloquence
and varietie of discourse, as the fittest and forciblest
accesse into the capasitie of the vulgar sort: so that
these foure causes concurring, the admiration of ancient 
Authors the hate of the Schoole-men, the exact 
studie of Languages: and the efficacie of Preaching 
did bring in an affectionate studie of eloquence,
and copie of speech, which then began to
flourish. This grew speedily to an excesse: for men
began to hunt more after wordes, than matter, and
more after the choisenesse of the Phrase, and the
round and cleane composition of the sentence, and
the sweet falling of the clauses, and the varying and
illustration of their workes with tropes and figures:
<P 18V>
then after the weight of matter, worth of subiect,
soundnesse of argument, life of inuention, or depth
of iudgement. Then grew the flowing, and watrie 
vaine of (^Osorius^) the Portugall Bishop, to be in
price: then did (^Sturmius^) spend such infinite, and
curious paines vpon (^Cicero^) the Orator, and (^Hermogenes^) 
the Rhetorican, besides his owne Bookes of
Periods, and imitation, and the like: Then did (^Car^)
of (^Cambridge^) , and (^Ascham^) with their Lectures and
Writings, almost diefie (^Cicero^) and (^Demosthenes^) , and
allure, all young men that were studious vnto that
delicate and pollished kinde of learning. Then did
(^Erasmus^) take occasion to make the scoffing Eccho;
(\Decem annos consumpsi in legendo Cicerone\) : and the
Eccho answered in Greeke, (\Oue; Asine\) . Then grew
the learning of the Schoole-men to be vtterly despised 
as barbarous. In summe, the whole inclination
and bent of those times, was rather towards copie,
than weight. 
   Here therefore, the first distemper of learning,
when men studie words, and not matter: whereof
though I haue represented an example of late times:
yet it hath beene, and will be (\Secundum maius & minus\)
in all time. And how is it possible, but this should
haue an operation to discredite learning, euen with
vulgar capacities, when they see learned mens
workes like the first Letter of a Patent, or limmed
Booke: which though it hath large flourishes, yet it
is but a Letter. It seemes to me that (^Pigmalions^) frenzie 
is a good embleme or portraiture of this vanitie:
<P 19R>
for wordes are but the Images of matter, and except 
they haue life of reason and inuention: to fall
in loue with them, is all one, as to fall in loue with
a Picture.
   But yet notwithstanding, it is a thing not hastily
to be condemned, to cloath and adorne the the obscuritie, 
euen of Philosophie it selfe, with sensible
and plausible elocution. For hereof we haue great
examples in (^Xenophon, Cicero, Seneca, Plutarch^) , and
of (^Plato^) also in some degree, and hereof likewise
there is great vse: For surely, to the seuere inquisition 
of truth, and the deepe progresse into Philosophie, 
it is some hindrance; because it is too early satisfactorie 
to the minde of man, and quencheth the
desire of further search, before we come to a iust
periode. But then if a man be to haue any vse of such
knowledge in ciuile occasions, of conference, counsell, 
perswasion, discourse, or the like: Then shall
he finde it prepared to his hands in those Authors,
which write in that manner. But the excesse of this
is to iustly contemptible, that as (^Hercules^) , when hee
saw the Image of (^Adonis, Venus Migmon^) in a Temple, 
sayd in disdaine, (\Nil sacri es\) . So there is none
of (^Hercules^) followers in learning, that is, the more
seuere, and laborious sort of Enquirers into truth,
but will despise those delicacies and affectations, as
indeede capable of no diuinesse. And thus much of
the first disease or distemper of learning.
   The second which followeth is in nature worse
then than the former: for as substance of matter is
<P 19V>
better than beautie of words: so contrariwise vaine
matter is worse, than vaine words: wherein it seemeth 
the reprehension of Saint (^Paule^) , was not onely
proper for those times, but prophetical for the times
following, and not only respectiue to Diuinitie, but
extensiue to all knowledge. (\Deuita prophanas vocum
nouitates & oppositiones falsi nominis scientiae.\) For he
assigneth two Markes and Badges of suspected and
falsified Science; The one, the noueltie and strangenesse 
of tearmes; the other, the strictnesse of positions, 
which of necessitie doth induce oppositions,
and so questions and altercations. Surely, like as many 
substances in nature which are solide, do putrifie
and corrupt into wormes: So it is the propertie of
good and sound knowledge to putrifie and dissolue
into a number of subtile idle, vnholesome, and (as
I may tearme them) vermiculate questions; which
haue indeede a kinde of quicknesse, and life of spirite, 
but no foundnesse of matter, or goodnesse of
qualitie. This kinde of degenerate learning did
chiefely raigne amongst the Schoole men, who hauing 
sharpe and stronge wits, and aboundance of
leasure, and smal varietie of reading; but their wits
being shut vp in the Cels of a few Authors (chiefely
(^Aristotle^) their Dictator) as their persons were shut
vp in the Cells of Monasteries and Colledges, and
knowing little Historie, either of Nature or time,
did out of no great quantitie of matter, and infinite 
agitation of wit, spin out vnto vs those laborious webbes 
of Learning which are extant in their
<P 20R>
Bookes. For the wit and minde of man, if it worke
vpon matter, which is the conte~plation of the creatures 
of God worketh according to the stuffe, and is
limited thereby; but if it worke vpon it selfe, as the
Spider worketh his webbe, then it is endlesse, and
and brings forth indeed Copwebs of learning, admirable 
for the finesse of thread and worke, but of
no substance or profite.
   This same vnprofitable subtilitie or curiositie is
of two sorts: either in the subiect it selfe that they
handle, when it is a fruitlesse speculation or controuersie; 
(whereof there are no small number both in
Diuinity & Philosophie) or in the maner or method
of handling of a knowledge; which amongst them
was this; vpon euerie particular position or assertion 
to frame obiections, and to those obiections, solutions: 
which solutions were for the most part not
confutations, but distinctions: whereas indeed the
strength of all Sciences, is as the strength of the old
mans faggot in the bond. For the harmonie of a
science supporting each part the other, is and ought
to be the true and briefe confutation and suppression 
of all the smaller sort of obiections: but on the
other side, if you take out euerie Axiome, as the
stickes of the faggot one by one, you may quarrell
with them, and bend them and breake them at your
pleasure: so that as was sayd of (^Seneca^) : (\Verborum
minutijs rerum frangit pondera\) : So a man may truely
say of the Schoole men (\Quaestionum minutijs Scientiarum 
frangunt sodilitatem\) . For were it not better
<P 20V>
for a man in a faire roome, to set vp one great light,
or braunching candlesticke of lights, than to goe about 
with a small watch candle into euerie corner?
and such is their methode, that rests not so much vppon 
euidence of truth prooued by arguments, authorities, 
similitudes, examples; as vpon particular
confutations and solutions of euerie scruple, cauillation 
& obiection: breeding for the most part one
questio~ as fast as it solueth another; eue~ as in the former 
resemblance, when you carry the light into one
corner, you darken the rest: so that the Fable and fiction 
of (^Scylla^) seemeth to be a liuely Image of this
kinde of Philosophie or knowledge, which was
transformed into a comely Virgine for the vpper
parts; but then, (\Candida succinctam, latrantibus inguina 
monstris\) : So the Generalities of the Schoolemen 
are for a while good and proportionable; but
then when you descend into their distinctions and
decisions, in stead of a fruitfull wombe, for the vse
and benefite of mans life; they end in monstrous altercations 
and barking questions. So as it is not possible 
but this qualitie of knowledge must fall vnder
popular contempt, the people being apt to contemne 
truth vpo~ occasion of Controuersies & altercations, 
and to thinke they are all out of their way
which neuer meete, and when they see such digladiation 
about subtilties, and matter of no vse nor
moment, they easily fall vpon that iudgement of (^Dionysius^) 
of (^Siracusa^) , (\Verba ista sunt senum otiosorum\) .
   Notwithstanding certaine it is, that if those
<P 21R>
Schoole men to their great thirst of truth, and vnwearied 
trauaile of wit, had ioyned varietie and vniuersalitie 
of reading and contemplation, they had
prooued excellent Lights, to the great aduancement 
of all learning and knowledge: but as they are,
they are great vndertakers indeed, and fierce with
darke keeping. But as in the inquirie of the diuine
truth, their pride enclined to leaue the Oracle of
Gods word, and to vanish in the mixture of their
owne inuentions: so in the inquisition of Nature,
they euer left the Oracle of Gods works, and adored 
the deceiuing and deformed Images, which the
vnequall mirrour of their owne minds, or a few receiued 
Authors or principles, did represent vnto
them. And thus much for the second disease of 
learning.
   For the third vice or disease of Learning, which
concerneth deceit or vntruth, it is of all the rest the
fowlest; as that which doth destroy the essentiall
fourme of knowledge; which is nothing but a representation 
of truth; for the truth of being, and the
truth of knowing are one, differing no more than
the direct beame, and the beame reflected. This
vice therefore brauncheth it selfe into two sorts;
delight in deceiuing, and aptnesse to be deceiued,
imposture and Credulitie: which although they appeare 
to be of a diuers nature, the one seeming to
proceede of cunning, and the other of simplicitie;
yet certainely, they doe for the most part concurre:
for as the verse noteth.
<P 21V>
   (\Percontatorem fugito, nam Garrulus idem est\) :
An inquisitiue man is a pratler: so vpon the like
reason, a credulous man is a deceiuer: as we see it
in fame, that hee that will easily beleeue rumors,
will as easily augment rumors, and adde somewhat
to them of his owne, which (^Tacitus^) wisely noteth,
when he sayth: (\Fingunt simul creduntq\) ; so great an         #
affinitie 
hath fiction and beleefe.
   This facilitie of credite, and accepting or admitting 
thinges weakely authorized or warranted,
is of two kindes, according to the subiect: For
it is either a beleefe of Historie, (as the Lawyers 
speake, matter of fact:) or else of matter of
art and opinion; As to the former, wee see the
experience and inconuenience of this errour in
ecclesiasticall Historie, which hath too easily receiued 
and registred reports and narrations of Miracles
wrought by Martyrs, Hermits, or Monkes of the
desert, and other holy men; and there Reliques,
Shrines, Chappels, and Images: which though
they had a passage for time, by the ignorance of
the people, the superstitious simplicitie of some,
and the politique tolleration of others, holding
them but as diuine poesies: yet after a periode of
time, when the mist began to cleare vp, they grew
to be esteemed, but as old wiues fables, impostures
of the Cleargie illusions of spirits, and badges of
Antichrist, to the great scandall and detriment of
Religion.
   So in naturall Historie, wee see there hath not
<P 22R>
beene that choise and iudgement vsed, as ought
to haue beene, as may appeare in the writings of
(^Plinius, Cardanus, Albertus^) , and diuers of the Arabians, 
being fraught with much fabulous matter,
a great part, not onely vntryed, but notoriously vntrue, 
to the great derogation of the credite of naturall 
Philosophie, with the graue and sober kinde
of wits; wherein the wisedome and integritie of (^Aristotle^) 
is worthy to be obserued, that hauing made
so diligent and exquisite a Historie of liuing creatures, 
hath mingled it sparingly with any vaine
or fayned matter, and yet on thother sake, hath cast
all prodigious Narrations, which he thought worthy 
the recording into one Booke: excellently discerning 
that matter of manifest truth, such wherevpon 
obseruation and rule was to bee built, was
not to bee mingled or weakened with matter of
doubtfull credite: and yet againe that rarities
and reports, that seeme vncredible, are not to
be suppressed or denyed to the memorie of men.
   And as for the facilitie of credite which is yeelded 
to Arts & opinions, it is likewise of two kinds,
either when too much beleefe is attributed to the
Arts themselues, or to certaine Authors in any Art.
The Sciences themselues which haue had better
intelligence and confederacie with the imagination
of man, than with his reason, are three in number;
Astrologie, Naturall Magicke, and (^Alcumy^) : of which
Sciences neuerthelesse the ends or pretences are
noble. For Astrologie pretendeth to discouer that
<P 22V>
correspondence or concatenation, which is betweene 
the superiour Globe and the inferiour. Naturall 
Magicke pretendeth to cal & reduce natural
Philosophie from variety of speculations to the magnitude 
of works; And (^Alcumy^) pretendeth to make
separation of all the vnlike parts of bodies, which
in mixtures of nature are incorporate. But the deriuations 
and prosecutions to these ends, both in the
theories, and in the practises are full of Errour and
vanitie; which the great Professors themselues haue
sought to vaile ouer and conceale by enigmaticall
writings, and referring themselues to auricular traditions, 
and such other deuises, to saue the credite
of Impostures; and yet surely to (^Alcumy^) this right
is due, that it may be compared to the Husband man
whereof (^AEsope^) makes the Fable; that when he died, 
told his Sonnes, that he had left vnto them gold,
buried vnder ground in his Vineyard; and they digged 
ouer all the ground, and gold they found none,
but by reason of their stirring and digging the mold
about, the rootes of their Vines, they had a great
Vintage the yeare following: so assuredly the search
and stirre to make gold hath brought to light a great
number of good and fruitfull inuentions and experiments, 
as well for the disclosing of Nature; as for
the vse of mans life.
   And as for the ouermuch credite that hath [^SOURCE TEXT:     #
hatb^] beene
giuen vnto Authors in Sciences, in making them
Dictators, that their wordes should stand, and not
Counsels to giue aduise; the dammage is infinite that
<P 23R>
Sciences haue receiued thereby, as the principall
cause that hath kept them lowe, at a stay without
groweth or aduancement. For hence it hath comen,
that in arts Mechanicall, the first deuiser coms shortest, 
and time addeth and perfecteth: but in Sciences 
the first Author goeth furthest, and time leeseth
and corrupteth. So we see, Artillerie, sayling, printing, 
and the like, were grossely managed at the first
and by time accommodated and refined: but contrarywise 
the Philosophies and Sciences of (^Aristotle, 
Plato, Democritus, Hypocrates, Euclides, Archimedes^) , 
of most vigor at the first, and by time degenerate 
and imbased, whereof the reason in no other,
but that in the former many wits and industries haue
haue contributed in one; and in the later many wits
and industries haue ben spent about the wit of some
one; whom many times they haue rather depraued
than illustrated. For as water will not ascend higher,
than the leuell of the first spring head, from whence
it descendeth: so knowledge deriued from (^Aristotle^) , 
and exempted from libertie of examination, will
not rise againe higher, than the knowledge of (^Aristotle^) . 
And therfore although the position be good:
(\Oportet discentem credere\) : yet it must bee coupled
with this, (\Oportet edoctum iudicare\) : for Disciples doe
owe vnto Maisters onely a temporarie beleefe, and
a suspension of their owne iudgement, till they be
fully instructed and not an absolute resignation, or
perpetuall captiuitie: and therefore to conclude this
point, I will say no more, but; so let great Authors
<P 23V>
haue theire due, as time which is the Author of
Authors be not depriued of his due, which is furder
and furder to discouer truth. Thus haue I gone ouer 
these three diseasses of learning, besides the
which there are some other rather peccant humors,
then fourmed diseases, which neuertheles are not
so secret and intrinsike, but that they fall vnder a popular 
obseruation and traducement; and therefore
are not to be passed ouer. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 2R>
   The Works or Acts of merit towards learning are
conversant about three obiects, the Places of learning; 
the Bookes of learning; and the Persons of
the learned. For as water, whether it be the dewe of
heauen, or the springs of the earth, doth scatter and
leese it selfe in the ground, except it be collected
into some Receptacle, where it may by vnion, comfort 
and sustaine it selfe: And for that cause the Industry 
of Man hath made & framed Spring heads,
Conduits, Cesternes, and Pooles, which men haue
accustomed likewise to beautifie and adorne with
accomplishments of Magnificence and State, as wel
as of vse and necessitie: So this excellent liquor of
knowledge, whether it descend from diuine inspiration, 
of spring from humane sense, would soone
perishe and vanishe to oblyuion, if it were not
preserued in Bookes, Traditions, Conferences, and
<P 2V>
Places appoynted, as Vniuersities, Colledges, and
Schooles, for the receipt & comforting of the same.
   The works which concerne the Seates and Places 
of learning, are foure; Foundations, and Buyldings, 
Endowments with Reuenewes, Endowme~ts
with Franchizes and Priuiledges, Institutions and
Ordinances for gouernment, all tending to quietnesse 
and priuatenesse of life, and discharge of cares
and troubles, much like the Stations, which (^Virgil^)
prescribeth for the hyuing of Bees.
(\Principio sedes Apibus, statioq; petenda:
Quo neq; sit ventis aditus, &c.\)
   The workes touching Bookes are two: First Libraries, 
which are as the Shrynes, where all the Reliques 
of the ancient Saints, full of true vertue, and
that without delusion or imposture, are preserued,
and reposed; Secondly, Newe Editions of Authors, 
with more correct impressions, more faithfull 
translations, more profitable glosses, more diligent 
annotations, and the like.
   The workes pertaining to the persons of learned
men (besides the aduancement and countenancing
of them in generall) are two: The reward and designation 
of Readers in Sciences already extant and
inuented: and the reward and designation of Writers 
and Enquirers, concerning any partes of Learning, 
not sufficiently laboured and prosecuted.
   These are summarilie the workes and actes,
wherein the merites of manie excellent Princes,
and other worthie Personages haue beene conuersant. 
<P 3R>
As for any particular commemorations, I call
to minde what (^Cicero^) saide, when hee gaue generall
thanks. (\Difficile [^EDITION: difffcile^] non aliquem;         #
ingratum quenquam praeterire:\) 
Let vs rather according to the Scriptures,
looke vnto that parte of the Race, which is before 
vs; then looke backe to that which is alreadie 
attained.
   First therfore amongst so many great Foundations 
of Colledges in (^Europe^) , I finde strange that they
are all dedicated to Professions, and none left free to
Artes and Sciences at large. For if men iudge that
learning should bee referred to action, they iudge
well: but in this they fall into the Error described
in the ancient Fable; in which the other parts of the
body did suppose the stomache had beene ydle, because 
it neyther performed the office of Motion, as
the lymmes doe, nor of Sence, as the head doth:
But yet notwithstanding it is the Stomache that digesteth 
and distributeth to all the rest: So if any man
thinke Philosophie and Vniuersalitie to be idle Studies; 
hee doth not consider that all Professions are
from thence serued, and supplyed. And this I take
to bee a great cause that hath hindered the progression 
of learning, because these Fundamental knowledges 
haue bene studied but in passage. For if you
will haue a tree beare more fruite then it hath vsed
to do; it is not any thing you can do to the boughes,
but it is the styrring of the earth, and putting newe
moulde about the rootes, that must worke it.
Neyther is it to bee forgotten, that this dedicating
<P 3V>
of Foundations and Dotations to professory Learning, 
hath not onely had a Maligne aspect, and influence 
vpon the growth of Scyences, but hath also
beene preiudiciall to States and gouernments. For
hence it proceedeth that Princes find a solitude, in
regard of able men to serue them in causes of estate, 
because there is no education collegiate,
which is free; wher such as were so disposed, mought
giue themselues to Histories, moderne languages, 
bookes of pollicie and ciuile discourse, and
other the like inablements vnto seruice of estate.
   And because founders of Colledges doe plant,
and founders of Lectures doe water: it followeth
wel in order to speake of the defect, which is in Publique 
Lectures: Namely, in the smalnesse and meanesse 
of the salary or reward which in most places
is assigned vnto them: whether they be Lectures of
Arts, or of Professions. For it is necessary to the             #
progression 
of Scyences, that Readers be of the most able 
and sufficient men; as those which are ordained
for generating, and propagating of Scyences, and
not for transitorie vse. This cannot be, except their
condition, & endowme~t be such, as may co~tent the
ablest man, to appropriate his whole labour, and
continue his whole age in that function and attendance, 
and therefore must haue a proportion answerable 
to that mediocritie or competencie of aduancement, 
which may be expected from a Profession, 
or the Practize of a Profession: So as, if you wil
haue Scyences flourish, you must obserue (^Dauids^)
<P 4R>
military lawe, which was, (^That those which staied with
the Carriage, should haue equall part with those which
were in the Action^) : else will the carriages be ill           #
attended: 
So Readers in Scyences are indeede the Gardyans 
of the stores and prouisions of Scyences, 
whence men in actiue courses are furnished, and
therefore ought to haue equall entertainment with
them; otherwise if the fathers in Scyences be of the
weakest sort, or be ill maintained.
(\Et Patrum invalidi reserent ieiunia nati.\)
   Another defect I note, wherin I shall neede some
Alchimist to helpe me, who call vpon men to sell
their Bookes, and to build Fornaces, quitting and
forsaking (^Minerva^) , and the (^Muses^) , as barreyne         #
virgines, 
and relying vpon (^Vulcan^) . But certaine it is,
that vnto the deepe, fruitefull, and operatiue studie
of many Scyences, specially Naturall Phylosophy
and Physicke, Bookes be not onely the Instrumentals; 
wherein also the beneficence of men hath not
beene altogether wanting: for we see, Spheares,
Globes, Astrolabes, Mappes, and the like, haue bene
prouided, as appurtenances to Astronomy & Cosmography, 
as well as bookes: We see likewise, that
some places instituted for Physicke, haue annexed
the commoditie of Gardeins for Simples of all
sorts, and do likewise command the vse of dead Bodies 
for Anatomyes. But these doe respect but a few
things. In generall, there will hardly be any Mayne
proficience in the disclosing of nature, except there
be some allowance for expences about experime~ts;
<P 4V>
whether they be experiments appertaining to (^Vulcanus^) 
or (^Dedalus^) . Furnace or Engyne, or any other
kind; And therefore as Secretaries, and Spyalls of
Princes and States bring in Bills for Intelligence; so
you must allowe the Spyalls and Intelligencers of
Nature, to bring in their Billes, or else you shall be ill
aduertised.
   And if (^Alexander^) made such a liberall assignation 
to (^Aristotle^) of treasure for the allowance of Hunters, 
Fowlers, Fishers and the like, that he mought
compile an Historie of Nature, much better do they
deserue it that trauailes in Arts of nature.
   Another defect which I note, is an intermission
or neglect in those which are Gouernours in Vniuersities, 
of Consultation, & in Princes or superior
persons, of Visitation: To enter into account and
consideration, whether the Readings, exercises, and
other customes appertayning vnto learning, aunciently 
begunne, and since continued, be well instituted 
or no, and thereupon to ground an amendement, 
or reformation in that which shall be found
inconuenient.  For it is one of your Maiesties
owne most wise and Princely Maximes, (^that in all
vsages, and Presidents, the Times be considered wherein
they first beganne, which if they were weake, or ignorant,
it derogateth from the Authoritie of the Vsage, and leaueth 
it for suspect^) . And therefore in as much, as most
of the vsages, and orders of the Vniuersities were
deriued fro~ more obscure times, it is the more requisite, 
they be reexamined. In this kind I will giue an
<P 5R>
instance or two for exa~ple sake, of things that are the
most obvious & familiar: The one is a matter, which
though it bee ancient and generall, yet I hold to be
an errour, which is, that Schollers in Vniuersities
come too soone, & too vnripe to Logicke & Rhetoricke; 
Arts fitter for Graduates then children, and
Nouices: For these two rightly taken, are the grauest 
of Sciences, beeing the Arts of Arts, the one for
Iudgement, the other for Ornament: And they be
the Rules & Directions, how to set forth & dispose
matter: & therfore for mindes emptie & vnfraught
with matter, & which haue not gathered that which
(^Cicero^) calleth (^Sylua^) and (^Supeliex^) , stuffe and      #
varietie to
beginne with those Artes (as if one should learne to
weigh, or to measure, or to painte the Winde) doth
worke but this effect: that the wisedome of those
Arts, which is great, & vniuersal, is almost made contemptible,
& is degenerate into childish Sophystrie,
& ridiculous affectation. And further, the vntimely
learning of them hath drawen on by consequence,
the superficiall and vnprofitable teaching & writing
of them, as fitteth indeed to the capacity of childre~:
Another, is a lacke I finde in the exercises  vsed in the
Vniuersities, which do make to great a diuorce betweene 
Inuention & Memory: for their speeches are
either premeditate in (\Verbis conceptis\) , where nothing
is left to Inuention, or meerly (^Extemporall^) , where little 
is left to Memory: wheras in life & action, there is
least vse of either of these, but rather of intermixtures
of premeditation, & Inuention: Notes & Memorie.
<P 5V>
So as the exercise fitteth not the practize, nor the Image, 
the life; and it is euer a true rule in exercises,
that they bee framed as nere as may be to the life of
practise, for otherwise they do peruert the Motions,
and faculties of the Minde, and not prepare them.
The truth whereof is not obscure, when Schollars
come to the practises of professions, or other actions
of ciuill life, which when they set into, this want is
soone found by themselues, and sooner by others.
But this part touching the amendment of the Institutions 
and orders of Vniuersities. I will conclude
with the clause of (^Caesars^) letter to (^Oppius^) and         #
(^Balbus^) ,
(\Hoc quem ad modum fieri possit, nonnulla mihi in me~tem
veniunt, & multa reperiri possunt: de ijs rebus rogo vos,
vt cogitationem suscipiatis.\)      
   Another defect which I note, ascendeth a little
higher then the precedent. For as the proficience of
learning consisteth much in the orders and institutions 
of Vniuersities, in the same States & kingdoms:
So it would bee yet more aduanced, if there were
more Intellige~ce Mutual betweene the Vniuersities
of (^Europe^) , then now there is. We see, there be many
Orders and Foundatio~s, which thought they be deuided 
vnder seuerall soueraignties, & territories, yet
they take themselues to haue a kind of contract, fraternitie,
& correspondence, one with the other, insomuch 
as they haue Prouincials and Generals.
And surely as Nature createth Brotherhood in Families,
& Arts Mechanicall contract Brotherhoods
in communalties, and the Anoyntment of God superinduceth 
<P 6R>
a Brotherhood in Kings & Bishops: So
in like manner there cannot but bee a fraternitie in
learning and illumination, relating to that Paternitie, 
which is attributed to God, who is called the Father 
of illuminations or lights.
   The last defect which (^I^) wil note, is, that there hath
not been, or very rarely been, any Publique Designation 
of Writers of Enquirers, concerning such
parts of knowledge, as may appeare not to haue bin
alreadie sufficiently laboured or vndertaken, vnto
which point it is an Induceme~t; to enter into a view
and examination, what parts of learning haue bin
prosecuted, and what omitted; For the opinion of
plentie is amongst the causes of want; and the great
quantitie of Bookes maketh a shewe rather of superfluitie 
then lacke, which surcharge neuerthelesse is 
not to be remedied by making no more bookes, but
by making more good books, which as the Serpe~t of
(^Moses^) , mought deuour the Serpe~ts of the Incha~tors.
   The remouing of all the defects formerly enumerate, 
except the last, and of the actiue part also of
the last (which is the designation of Writers) are (^Opera 
Basilica^) ; towards which the endeuors of a priuate 
man may be, but as an Image in a crosse way;
that may point at the way, but cannot goe it. But
the inducing part of the latter (which is the
suruay of Learning), may bee set forwarde by
priuate trauaile; Wherefore I will now attempt to
make a generall and faithfull perambulation of learning, 
with an inquiry what parts therof lye fresh and
<P 6V>
wast, and not improued & conuerted by the Industrie 
of man; to the end that such a plotte made and
recorded to memorie, may both minister light to anie 
publique designation: and also serue to excite
voluntary endeuours; wherin neuerthelesse my purpose 
is at this time, to note onely omissions and deficiences;
and not to make any redargution of Errors, 
or incomplete prosecutions: For it is one thing
to set forth what ground lyeth vnmanured; and another 
thing to correct ill husbandry in that which
is manured.
   In the handling & vndertaking of which worke,
I am not ignorant, what it is, that I doe now mooue
and attempt, nor insensible of mine own weakenes,
to susteine my purpose: But my hope is, that if my
extreame loue to learning carrie me too farre, I may
obtaine the excuse of affection; for that (^It is not granted 
to man to loue, and to bee wise^) . But I know well I
can vse no other libertie of Iudgement, then I must
leaue to others, & I for my part shall be indifferentlie 
glad eyther to performe my selfe, or accept from
another, that dutie of humanitie: (\Nam qui erranti
comiter monstrat viam: &c.\) I doe foresee likewise,
that of those things, which I shall enter & Register,
as Deficiences and Omissions: Many will conceiue
and censure, that some of them are alreadie done &
extant: others to bee but curiosities, and things of
no great vse: and others to bee of too great difficultie, 
and almost impossibilitie to bee compassed and
effected: But for the twoo first, I referre my selfe to
<P 7R>
the particulars. For the last, touching impossibilitie,
I take it, those things are to bee held possible, which
may be done by some person, though not by euerie
one: and which may be done by many, though not
by any one: and which may be done in succession
of ages, though not within the houre-glasse of one
mans life: and which may be done by publique designation, 
though not by priuate endeuour.  But
notwithsta~ding, if any Man will take to himselfe rather 
that of Salomon, (\Dicit piger, Leo est in via\) , then
that of Virgil, (\Possunt, quia posse videntur\) : I shall be
content that my labours bee esteemed, but as the
better sorte of wishes: for as it asketh some knowledge 
to demaund a question, not impertinent; so
it requireth some sense, to make a wish not absurd. 



<B CEBOETH2>
<Q E2 XX PHILO BOETHEL>
<N BOETH2 ELIZ>
<A ELIZABETH I>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PHILOSOPHY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ELIZABETH I.
TEXT:  BOETHIUS.
QUEEN ELIZABETH'S ENGLISHINGS OF BOETHIUS,
DE CONSOLATIONE PHILOSOPHIAE, A. D. 1593,
PLUTARCH, DE CURIOSITATE,
HORACE, DE ARTE POETICA (PART), A. D. 1598.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 113. 
ED. C. PEMBERTON.
LONDON, 1899.
PP. 57.1 - 60.81    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 61.1 - 65.116   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 65.1 - 68.98    (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 84.1 - 88.141   (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 91.1 - 96.193   (SAMPLE 5)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 57>
[}IX. PROSE.}]

   "Hitherto hit sufficeth to shewe the forme of gileful        #
felicitie,
wiche if you Clirely beholde, the ordar than must be to
shewe you the true." "Yea I se," quoth I, "that ynough
suffiseth not riches, nor Power kingdomes, nor honor dignities,
nor glory the prising, nor Joy the pleasure." "Hast thou
gathered the cause of this?" "Methinkes I see hit as by a rife
slendarly, but do desire plainliar of the` to knowe hit." 
"Ready is the reason. Whan that wiche vnmixt and by nature
vnparted is, that humaine error partz, and from the true and
right to falz and wanting brings. Dost thou suppose that
<P 58>
nothing he wantes that powre needes?" "I think not so."
"Truly thou hast sayde, for if ought be that is of weakist
worth, must needly neede som others help." "So it is," said I.
"Therfor the one & self same is nature of sufficiency & powre."
"So it seemes." "But that ther is such thing, dost thou think
it to be despised or wourthy all regarde?" "This is not to be
doubted." "Let vs ad to this sufficiency, powre, reuerence,
that these three we may Judge one." "Let it be, for trouth
we wyll confesse." "Dost thou think this any obscure matter
or ignoble, or of more show than any other dignitie? But        #
consider
lest it be graunted that that needes not, is most of
powre, & worthyest most honour, yet wanting estimation,
which to it self it can not giue, And therfore may seeme in som
parte to be lesse wourth. We can not but graunte that this is
most reuerenced. Then it followes, that we confesse a show
of glory doth nothing differ from the other three." "Yt
followes," quoth I. "Tham that that needes none other, that
doth all of his own strength, that is beautifulst & most
reuerenced: Is it not playne, that so is most pleasing to? I
can not imagine, how to such a man any sorow can happen,
wherfore necessarily it must be confest, that he is full of     #
Joye,
if the forenamed remayne. And by all this it needfully
follows, that theffecte of sufficiency, powre, honour,          #
Reuerence,
plesure, be diuers names, in substance nothing differs. That
that is then one & symple by nature, humayn synne dispersith;
And in seeking to obtayne such thing as wantith
partes, myndith the same to gett, And so nether gettes that
portion that is none, nor that partie that desyres none." "How
may this be so?" quoth I. "He that seekith riches by shunning
penury, nothing carith for powre, he chosith rather to
be meane & base, & withdrawes him from many naturall
delytes, lest he lose the monny that he gat. But that waye,
he hath not ynough, who leves to haue, & greeues in woe,
whom neerenes ouerthrowes & obscurenes hydes. He that
only desyres to be able, he throwes away riches, despisith
<P 59>
plesures, nought esteems honour nor glory that powre wantith.
but how many thinges these men lackes, thou seest. Somtyme
he lackes that necessary is, so as his want doth byte him, &
whan he can not throwe of this, that most he sought,
hability he wantes. Thus may we reason of honour, glory,
& plesure. For if all these thinges weare ioynd togither,
yf any one were had without the rest, he can not gett that
he requires." "What then?" quoth I. "Yf any man all this
can gett, shall he haue the greatest felicitie, shall he fynde  #
her
in these that we haue shewed yo=u=, promise more than they
giue?" "Not so," quoth I. "In such thinges as ech man
desyres to excell in, the true blesse is neuer to be found."
"I confesse it," quoth I, "Than this nothing can be true."
"Thou hast," quoth she, "heere a forme of false felicitie &
the cause. Turn thy selfe now to the contrary syde of the
mynde, for ther shal thou see strait way the true that I
promysd." "This euin to a blinde man is playne," quoth I,
"and to a litle afore thou showedst, In opening the faulse      #
cause.
For els I am deceaued, that is the true & parfet felicitie that
makith man content, mighty, reuerenced, honord, & pleasant.
And that thou mayst know, I haue inwardly lookt which of
all these might trulyest all exceede. This I confesse to be     #
true
bliss, that is without a doubte." "O scholler myne, happy art
thou for this opinion, yf thou wilt ad one thing withall."
"Whats that?" quoth I. "Dost thou think that ought in
mortall & fleeting thinges can make such a state?" "No,"
quoth I, "That thou hast showde sufficiently, as nothing more
doth neede. For these thinges as pictures of true good, seeme
to giue som imperfet good to mortall men; but the true &
perfet, bring they can not. Because thou knowest now, what
be the true good, & what belyeth the true blisse, now it
followith, that thou mayst knowe whence thou mayst ask the
<P 60>
true." "That is hit," quoth I, "I haue long lookt for. But
as Plato in his Timee wills, that we should ask for divine
help in meanest maters, what now thinkest thou to be don,
wherby we may merite to fynde the seate of greatest good?"

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 61>
[}X. PROSE.}]

   "For that now thou hast seene the forme of imperfett, &
true good, Now I think to shewe the` by what the perfection of
this felicitie is made. In which first this I think to be
inquyrd of, whither any such good ther be, as thou hast
defynd a lyttle afore, among natures woorkes, leste a vayne
imagination of thought deceaue us wyde from the truthe of
that we talke of. And to proue it so, It can not be denyed
<P 62>
that this is the fountayne of all good thinges. For all that
we call imperfett, is shewed such by the definition of          #
perfection.
So haps it, that if in any thing ther be imperfection,
In the self same, somthing must needes be that can be perfett.
For perfection taken away, we can not ymagyne what that is
that is imperfect. For Nature tooke not her begynning of
thinges diminished & worne, but of hole & absolute, &
so cam downe into thes barren & uttermost partes. And
if, as a little before I told yo=u=, there be imperfect         #
felicitie of a 
frayle good, It can not be doubted but that ther is a solide
& parfet one." "This is sure, and truly concluded." "But
wher this dwellith," quoth she, "In this wise consider. The
common conceite of mens myndes allowes, that God of all
thinges the Ruler, is good hit self. For when nothing can
be imagined better than himself, who can doute that that is
the best, whom nothing can better? For so doth reason shew
that God is good, that is won to confesse he is the perfect
good. For without such he were, the Prince of all thinges he
could not be: for so much the rather doth he possess            #
perfection,
that he was the first & aboue all: for the perfetest doo
show them sellves first afore the lesser sorte. and lest our    #
reason
should neuer haue end, we must confesse that the greate God
is indued with the wholle & perfett good. And we doo saye
that true blisse consistes in perfection, we must then          #
conclude,
that true felicitie is in the greatest god." "I take it so,"
quoth I, "nether can any thing gayne say it." "But, I pray
the`," quoth she, "Looke how proonest thou that most holyly &
without spot, that we say God is the full perfection of         #
greatest
good?" "How shall I prooue this," said I? "Presume not to
think that the father of all thing[{s{] haue taken this great   #
good
with which he is fulfilld eyther of outward cause or naturall,
in ymagining a diuers substance of him that hath the obtaynid
felicitie. For if from outward cause thou supposest
he has taken, thou mightest than think that better, than he
that gaue. But most worthely we confess that he excellith
<P 63>
all. Yf Nature haue done any thing in him, & in a diuers
sorte, when we speake of God the guyder of all thinges, who
can imagine to haue Joynd all these diuersities? Last of all,
that that differs from any thing, that cannot be the same
that is not hit. Wherfore that is contrary from the greatest
good that can not be hit selfe, which were sacrilege to think
of God, whom nothing can exceede. For nothing in Nature
can be better than her begynning. Wherfore that was the first
of all, in his own substance by a right argument I conclude the
greatest good." "Rightly," quoth I. "But it is graunted that
the greatest good is blesse." "So it is," quoth I. "Therfore,
it needes must be graunted that God is blisse it selfe. Nether
can the foresaid reasons fayle me, & by them I finde the        #
consequence  
true." "See," quoth she, "whither this be not more
truly prooued, for that twoo greatest goodes diuers in them
selves can neuer be. Therfore goodes that differs, One can
not be that the other is, for none of them can be perfect,
whan in both there lackes. Then that that is not perfecte, is
playne can not be the greatest good. By no meanes therfore
can they be greatest good that be dyuers. Wherfore we
gather that bliss & God be the greatest good, which makes
that the greate Diuinity is the greatest bliss." "Nothing can
be concluded," quoth I, "nor in it self more true, nor by
reaason more stable, nor for god wourthyer." "In these causes,
as Geometricians be wont to doo, demonstrations propounded,
They bring in somthing which they call [^GREEK OMITTED^] . So   #
will I
give the` somthing as a breefe gathering. For since men be
blissed by getting of felicitie, & felicitie is Diuinitie, It   #
concludes,
that by getting of Diuinity men be blessed. For 
as Just men be made by getting Justice, & wyse men by
wisdom, So men getting Diuinity, by lyke reason are made
lykest to God. So euery blessed man, is in a kinde a God, but
in nature one, in participation many may be. Most fayre
& precious is this, which yo=u= call your [^GREEK OMITTED^] ,   #
or your
Collection. And so much is it the fayrer, that naturall
<P 64>
reason it self perswades yo=w= thus to ioyne them." "What of
that?" said I. "When blissidnes conteynes many thinges in
hit, whither be all the partes of this gatherd in one, as by
varietie deuided, conioyned, or is ther som thing els, that     #
fullfills
the fulnes of bliss, & to this all the rest is referd." "I
wold thes thinges were explaned," quoth I, "as by a memoriall."
"Dost thou not think blisfulnes good?" "Yea the greatest,"
quoth I. "This all will graunte. for it is the only             #
sufficiency,
the only powre, reuerence, beauty, delyte. What tho? all
these good thinges, sufficiency, powre, all be but lyms of      #
blissidnes.
Be all thinges referd to good as to the Top?" "I know,"
quoth I, "what thou propoundest to seeke, but what thou
determynest, to heare I desyre." "Take this division of this
sorte. Yf all these were partes of blisse, then should they     #
differ
in themsellves. For this is the nature of partes, that deuided
they make a hole body, & all these thinges we haue shewed
be one, Then they are not partes, or els bliss should seeme to
be made of one parte, which can not be." "This doute I not,
but that that remayns I attend. For to the greatest, all the
rest of goodes must needes be referd. For therfore sufficiency
is desyrd, that good it is supposd, & powre in like manner:
so may we gesse of reuerence, honour, & delyte. For the
somme of all desyred thing[{s{] is good. That neyther in hit
self nor in his lyke retayns any blisse, that no man ought
desyre. And contrary, those that by nature be not good, if
they seme to be, as true good be desyrd. So is it, the greatest
good, by right ought be beleeuid, the grownd work &
cause of all desyred. The cause for which we wish ought,
that most we desyre, as yf for helthes sake to ryde we
desyre, we seeke not more the styrre of the exercise, than the
good effecte of our helth. When than all thinges be desyrd
for greatest good, we desyre not those thinges more than good
it self. And that we graunt, that all thinges be desyrd to
obtayne blisse, So we conclude she is only to be sought:
wherby it playnly appeeres that one only is the substance of
that is good & blisfull. I see no cause why any man
<P 65>
should doute heerof. And God we haue showed to be the
only & alone good. So may we safely conclude that Godes
substance is in that good & none other concluded."

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 65>
[}XI. PROSE.}]

   "I graunt," quoth I: "for eche thing with strongest reason
linked is." "How muche, woldz thou prise hit, if the tru
<P 66>
good thou couldst knowe." "At how infinite rate, for so
shuld I obtaine to knowe what God wer." "And this with
truest reason I wyl expres, if it be grauntid that afor was
sayd." "Be it so." "Haue not we showed, that those
thinges that be desyrd of many, therfore are not perfect &
good, because they differ among themselves, So as where any
want ther is of one thing to an other, than can no playne nor
resolute good com? But then is good ther true, when they
are gathered in one forme & performance, that what suffisith
may haue powre, reverence, honour & delyte, for without all
these be in one, a man hath nought that ought to be esteemd."
"This is euident," quoth I, "& no man neede to doubte therof,
for those that, when they disagree, be not good, when they
are one, must needes be so." "But are not all these thinges
made good by getting of a true vnity?" "Yes, sure," said I.
"But all that is good, dost thou suppose it good thorow the
participating of that is so?" "Yes." "Then needes it must
be that that is only good that is euer one. for the substance   #
is
the same of ech man, whose effectes naturally they haue." "I
can not deny it." "All that is so, long must last & holde
togither, as it is one, but must needes perish & decay, whan
so it leaves to be; as in beastes we see, when they ingender,
& be made of lyfe & body, then it is a Creature. But
when this vnitie makes a separation, then they are deuided,
perish & decay. This body allso when hit remayns in one
forme & joyntes of lyms, then humayn shape is seene. But
if distract or partid in twoo they be, then they leave their
vnitie which made them be. In that sorte, all the rest shall
be playne to the sercher, that euery thing shall last while it
is one, but when it leaves that order, it perishith. When I
haue considered many thinges I find no other thing." "Ys
ther," quoth I, "any thing that naturally, leaving desyre of
lyfe, wischith to com to ruine & an end?" "In beastes           #
themsellves
that haue som kynde of will to fly or not, I fynde yf
<P 67>
men compell them not, they will not cast away their mynde of
lasting, and hye them to the way of destruction. For ech
best I finde studys safety to keepe, & shunnith death &
decay. I can not tell what I may say of herbes, of trees, of
rootes. I may doute, And yet ther is no greate cause, when
we see the trees & herbes reviue agayn in their fittist
place, that as much as nature will permitt, they may not 
soone dry & dye. Som in feldes, som on hills doo spring,
others marish beare, others stick to stone, som prosper on
barren sand, which if any man pluck vp to sett in other
place, they wither. So Nature giues to ech that him becoms,
& stryves that while they may remayne, they may not end.
What shall I say? that som we see of them, as hauing turnd
their top to earth, draw nourishment to the roote, & by
their sap, spredes strength & bark? What, yea! that that 
is most soft, as were the marrow, is euer hyd in innermost
rynde, without couerd by strength of som wood, but the          #
vttermost
bark against the heauens wether, as sufferer of harme,
is set a defendour? Now how greate is Natures diligence,
that all thinges be inlarged by most seede, which all, no
man is ignorant, not only for a tyme of remayning perpetually
stryues to remayn? Those thinges that only haue life,
doo they not euer by a naturall instinct desyre their own?
Why does lightnes draw vp the flame, & waight, the earth
dounward drawes, but that all these agrees in their place &
in their own motion? And that agrees that euer is conserued:
as those thinges that discorde doth corrupte. Those thinges
that of Nature be hard, as stones, they stick most fast to      #
their
own roote, & so resist as easely they be not pluckt of.
The fleeting thinges as ayre & water, these easely be departed,
<P 68>
but quickly return from whence they were drawen.
But fyre refusith all separation. We doo not talk now of the
volontary motions of the soule of man, but of the naturall 
intent by nature given. As our meate we take without great
study, & breth we drawe in our slomber when we know it
not. For in very beastes, the desyre of contynuance, not of
their lyves pleasure, but of their natures begyning procedith.
For oft tymes our will imbracith death, cause compelling, which
nature dreades, & contrarywise desyre of making our lyke,
wherby contynuance doth endure, our wills som tymes keeps
vs from that nature desyres. Wherfore this loue of our selfes
proceedes not of a Creatures notion, but of a naturall intent. 
For Godes prouidence hath giuen to all thinges that be made
the desyre of remayning, that as long they may, naturally they
will byde. So needes thou neuer doute that such thinges as
naturally desyre an abode will shun destruction." "I confesse
it," quoth I, "for now I plainly see such thinges as doutfull I
found, that couetes euer to be one, that couetes to remayn:"
"& last this being taken awaye nothing can abyde. An vnity
therfore all desyre. And one we haue showed that is only
good. Since therfore ech thing seekith the good, it is playne,
that is only the good that of all is desyred." "Nothing," quoth
I, "can trulyer be thought. for eyther all thing shall com
to nought, and as wanting a head, without a guide shall ruyne,
or yf any thing ther be, to which all hastes, that shall be the
somme of all best." "O scholler myne," quoth she, "I ioye
that I haue fixd in thy minde one marke of meane to truth,
and heerby mayst thou see a little before thou sayedst
thou knewest not." "What is that?" quoth I. "What was
of all thing the end. For that is it that of all men is most
sought, wiche by caus we suppose only good is hit, therfore
we confesse that to get is all owre end."

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 84>
[}IV. PROSE.}]

   "I see," quoth I, "that vicious men haue no wrong, tho they
be said by property of their mynde to beastes be transformd,
tho in show they kepe the forme of humayn body. And yet I
<P 85>
wold not haue, that the cruell & wicked mynde should be
sharpnid by the fall of good men." "Neyther is it," quoth
she, "as in convenyent place I will showe. And yet if that
were taken away from them that they are beleeued to haue,
the wickedst payne should be in greatest parte releeuid. For
that that may perchance seeme impossible, hit must needes be
that wicked men be vnhappyer, when they haue fulfild their
desyres, than if they could not get what they wish. For if a 
wretched thing it be to wysh that is nought, it is much more
wretched to doo it. Whithout which the desyre of a wretched
mynde wold fall. Wherfore when ech man hath his own
misery, it must needes be, that by tryple misfortune, they be
vexed, whom thou dost see haue a will to doo the worst." "I
graunte it," quoth I, "And yet that quickly they might want
this misfortune, I wish them depriued of possibilitie to doo    #
mischeefe."
"They shall want it," quoth she, "sooner perchaunce
than eyther thou woldest, or they themselves think they may. 
For neyther is any thing so long in the short mesure of our
lyfe, that an immortall mynde may suppose to tarry to long:
whose greate hope & hye woork of mischefe oft is destroyde
by an vnlookt for & souden end, which settes an end to
their misery. For if iniquitie make men miserable, he must
be more wicked that longer lastes: whom most vnhappy I
should judge, if their last death might not end their woe.
For if we conclude the truth, of wickednes misfortune, infinite
must we suppose that misery that is euerlasting. Wonderfull
thinges," quoth I, "is this declaration & hard to be graunted,
but I know them to well agree to such thinges as before haue
bene exprest." "Rightly dost thou think," quoth she: "and
who so thinkes a hard conclusion is made, it were reson he
should showe, that ther hath bene som falshod in the            #
proposition, 
or that the tyeng of their argument bootith not for a 
necessary conclusion. Or els all the abouesaid graunted, ther   #
is
no cause to cauill in the subsequent. For this that I saye,
not only seems not wonderfull, but, by such thinges as are
alledged, most necessary." "What?" quoth I. "I saye that
happyer be wicked men whan they suffer punishment, than
<P 86>
those whom no payne of Justice touchith? Nether mynd I
now to speake of that every man thinkes, That wicked conditions
being corrected by revenge & brought to the right way
by terrour of their prison, to other men may serue for example
to shun theyr faultes. But in other sorte I suppose the wicked
vnhappy, tho ther were no cause of correction to make them
vnpunished, nor no respecte of ensample." "What should this
other way be?" "Haue we not said afore, that good men be
lucky & euill men miserable?" "So it is." "Yf therfore som
goodnes chaunce to misery, is it not much more happyer for
him, than if his misery were alone by it self, without any
goodnes mixture?" "So it seemes," quoth I. "But yf to that
miserable man that wantes all good thinges, that euill be added
to him to be alone, is he not much more to be accompted
vnhappy, whose mysfortune is showed him thorow the              #
participation
of som good?" "What els?" "Therfore wicked men,
when they are punisht, haue som good joyned with it, that is
their punishment, which for Justice sake is in it self good.
And they whan they want their correction, ther is som thing
besides of euill, which is, want of punishment, which deserue
ably thy self hast confest is the greatest yll Iniquitie can    #
haue. 
More vnhappy therfore are wicked folkes, whan they want
their punishment, than when they receaue their iust reward.
For greatest iniquitie is committed, when Just men be vexed,
& wicked slip from their reward." "Who can this denye?"
"Wherfore, ech man must needes graunte, that all that is
good, must needes be iust, & yll that is the contrary."
"These be such thinges needes must follow the aboue concluded.
But I pray the`," quoth I, "shall there be no soules
punishment after the dead body?" "Very greate," quoth she,
"of which som be vsed by bitter paynes, other by a pacifieng
Clemency. But now my mynde is a little of these thinges to
dispute. For this hitherto we haue don, that thou mightest
knowe the vnworthy powre of euill men is none at all. Euin
such as thou complaynedst were voyde of punishment, that
<P 87>
thou mightest see they neuer want the payne of their wickednes,
And that the liberty which thou wisshest should be
ended, thou mightest learne not to be long, And so much
more vnhappy, if longer, most vnlucky, yf eternall. And
then I sayd that wicked folkes were more miserable, shunning
their Just payne, than punisht with their right revenge.
So follows it true with my opinion, That then they are
greeuid with sorest punishmentes, whan they are supposd less
plagued." "Whan I consider thy reasons," said I, "I can
suppose nothing more true. But if I turne me to mans Judgement,
who is he, to whom not only these thinges will not seeme
to be beleeuid but scar[{c{]ely to be herd?" "So it is," quoth
she. "For they can not, that haue vsed their eyes to darknes,
lyft them vp to the light of a cleere trowth, & lyke they
be to such byrdes, whose sight the night dooth cleere, & day
darkens. For while they beholde not the order of thinges,
but their own affections, they suppose the liberty and lack of
payne, for their faultes, the happiest. But now looke what
the euerlasting light makith. Yf to best thou doo apply thy
mynde, thou shalt neede no iudge to defer thy rewarde, Thou
thy self hast ioyned the` to the Excellency. Yf thou turn thy
indeuors to worsse, beyond thy selfe seeke no revenger. Thou
thy self to worst hast throwen the`, & lookest to heauen
& clayey earth by fittes, when all outward thinges fayles
the`, by thyne owne reason shalt perceaue, the difference
between Sky & Claye. But the vulgar cares not for this.
What tho? Shall we speake of such thinges now as shewes
men most lyke beastes? What yf a man losing his sight hath
forgotten that euer he had it, shall he suppose he lackes
nothing of a mans perfection? Shall we suppose these men, tho
they see, to be blynde? They will not leave so, But will with
certain grownd of reson know, that they are more vnhappy
that do wrong, than those that suffer it?" "I wold fayne know
these reasons," said I. "Thou dost not deny, a wicked man is
wourthy of all payne?" "I deny it not." "You think to, they
are vnhappy that diuers wayes are wicked. Such as are
worthy punishment, therfore no doute are miserable?" "It
<P 88>
agreeith well." "Yf therfore thou satest as a Judge, on whom
woldst thou inflict the payne? eyther on him that made or
suffred the wrong?" "I doute not but that I wold satisfy the
sufferer by the punishment of the Actor." "Then wretcheder
is the maker, than the Receauour." "It is reason." "For this
& many other causes all hangyng on one roote, hit appeers that
synne of his owne nature, makes men wretched, And that
injury is not the receauers misery but the giuers. But Orators
doo otherwise. They go about to mooue commiseration of the
iudges for them that haue commytted som greate & cruell
thing, when rather a juster commiseration ought to be had
of such as be not brought by irefull accusers, but by such as
themselves beemones & takes compassion of, as tho they
wold bring the sick to the phisician, & cut of the disease
by the false punishment. By which eyther the endeuour of
the defendors should coole, or if it should proffitt them, must
be turned into the forme of the accusation. But wicked men,
yf they see any but a small clift wher vertue is to be seene,
where wicked vice they may put of, by paynes cruelty, vnder
coulour of recompensing vertue, will not call this cruelty, but
will refuse their defendors labour, & giue themselves wholly
to the accusers & Judges. So as wise men haue no place
left them for hate. For who but a very foole will malice a
good man? And who but he that lackes reson, will not hate
the yll? For, as the bodyes sicknes, so is vice the myndes
disease: euin as we suppose that sick men deserve not hate
but commiseration, so ought they not be persecuted but
pitied whose mynde than all sicknes bytterer, Iniquitie hath
besieged."   

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 91>
[}VI. PROSE.}]

   "So it is," said I; "but since thy office it is to vnfold    #
the
cause of hidden maters, & expresse reasons hid vnder
shade, I besech the`, to looke on this, & for that this miracle
doth most vexe me, teache it me." Then she, smyling a little:
"You call me to a matter that all men chefely seek, to whom
scacely suffisith to taste alone. For it is such a mater that
one dout cut of, inumerable others as Hydras heades increase;
nether euer will ther be an end, vnles a lyuely fyre of the
mynde doo bynde it. For in this mater, we inquire of the
purenes of Prouidence, of the succession of Chaunce, of
hapning Luckes, of knowledge & predestination of God,
& of our free will, which of how greate burden all these be,
thy self canst waye. But because this is som portion of thy
medecin to know these thinges, tho we be wrapt in a strayte
lymite of tyme, yet we will stryue somwhat to determyne.
For if thou delyte in a musicall song, thou must differ a       #
little
thy delyte, while I doo tune in order the Reasons knyt          #
togither."
"As please yo=u=," said I. 

<Q E2 XX PHILO BOETHEL>
<N BOETH2 ELIZ>
<A ELIZABETH I>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PHILOSOPHY>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>

<P 91>
Then as begynning of an
other theme, thus she disputed: "The creation of all thinges,
& the disposing of mutable Natures, & what euer by any
meane is mooued, getes the cause, order, & forme of Godes
mynde, stabilitie. And this sett in the top of her Purenes,
appoyntes a sondry manner for ech action: which order, when
it is beheld in the very cleerenes of diuine vnderstanding, is
named (^Prouidence^) . But when it is referd to those thinges
that hit moouith & disposith, of the Auncientes it is called
(^Desteny^) : which easely shall appeer [{to be{] divers, yf a  #
mans
<P 92>
mynde will see the efficacy of both. For Prouidence is Godes
pleasure, appoynted by him that all rulith & all diposith.
But Desteny is the disposing of causes joynd to remoouing
causes, by the which Prouidence knittith all thinges by her
orders. For Prouidence includith all, whither they be diuers
or infinite, but Desteny deuideth euery thing according to her
motion, distributing it to place, to forme, & tyme: that this
deuiding of temporall order joyned to the diuine pleasure may
be made Prouidence, But that joyning, being seuerd &
deuided into tymes, that is Fate. Which tho they be sondry,
yet they depend one of an other. For fatall order proceedith
of Prouidence purenes. For as a craftes man, conceauing in
his mynde the forme of a woork, causith him to end, & that
which he hath plainly & presently foreseene, he ordrith by
tymes rule: so God by his Prouidence singularly & stable
disposith all thinges to be don. But by desteny so devided,
aboundantly & in his due season workes it. Whither Desteny be
exercised by familiar Spirites that serues for Godes            #
Providence,
or whither the fatall work be knytt by the soule alone, or
Nature seruing in parte therto, or celestiall courses of the
heavens, or by Angelicall powers, or by sondry industry
of Spirites, or by som of these, or by all: This is most 
playne, that the forme of all thinges vnmoueable & simple is
Prouidence. But Desteny is of such thinges as the Diuine
Cleerenes disposith to be don, & makith the mooving lynk
& orderly Rule. So followes it, that all that subiect be to
fate, be vnder Rule of Prouidence, vnder whom Fate it self
down layes. But som thinges there are by Prouidence appoynted
that doo exceede Fates force. Those thinges they be
which fixed stably, next to diuinitie, exceede the Nature of
Fates mutabilitie. For as of all Circles the inmost that turnes
themselves about one rounde, coms neerest to the purenes of
the midst, and as a steddy stay of all that rolles about, doth
circuite the same, but the vttmost by wyder bredth rolled, the
more hit goes from the vndeuided midst of the poynte, so much
the more hit is spred by larger spaces, but whatsoeuer drawith
neere & accompanith the midst, & with his purenes is
<P 93>
ruled, ceassith to be stopt or ouerrun: with lyke reason, that
furdest goes from the first intent, is wrapt in straighter
knotes of Fate. And so much the freer is any man from the
same, as neerest he doth drawe to the orderers wheele. And
yf he stick to the euerduring eternall mynde, wanting change,
he goith aboue Destenyes necessitie. For as Reason is to
vnderstanding, & that that is made, to that that is, And
as tyme to Eternity, & Circle is to the middest poynte: So
is the order of fate changeable, compared to the stable purenes
of Prouidence. For desteny moouith heauen & skye,
tempers the elementes among themselves, & turnes them
thorow diuers changes: & such thinges as be bred & dye,
renewes such by lyke generation of frutes & seedes. This
knittes actions, fortunes of men by an indissoluble lynk
of causes, which since they com all from the begynning of
an vnchanging Prouidence, it must needes be that otherwise
than so, they can not change. For so thinges be well ordred,
yf the euerlasting purenes of Godes mynde doth prescribe an
vnturning order of causes. But this Rule byndith in, thinges
mutable & rashly fleeting, by his owne steddynes. Wherby
altho to yo=u= that can not consider the order of thinges they
seeme confuse, and rombled togither, yet he that is cause of    #
all
good, directes all thing to hit. For ther is no man how
wicked soeuer, that for yll-sake, will doo ought so. Whom
tho as I haue told you afore, in seeking good, an yll errour
hath turnd, yet the order that coms from the roote of all good,
turns no man from his begynning. But what, thou wilt saye,
can be a greater confusion or a woorsse, than that aduersitie
& prosperitie happens to good men, & alyke to euill
doth hap, both wisht and hated? Doo men lyve of such
integritie of mynde, that it must needes be that they be
wicked or good, that be supposed so? For in this we see
diuers judgementes of men vary, whom som thinkes worthy
rewarde, other suppose deserue punishment. But let vs
graunte that one man may discerne the good & yll men:
Can he looke vpon the inward temper of the mynde, as well 
as of the body? The wonder is not vnlyke to him that
<P 94>
knowes not, why to men of wholle bodyes, somtymes to these
sweet thinges please, som other delyte in sowre: why sick
men som be helpt by lenitiues, som other cured by corrosiues.
But this a phisician that knowes the meane of his helth &
sicknes togither with his temper, nothing wonders at. What 
other thing is the myndes helth, than sincerity? What the
sicknes, but vice? Who other is eyther keeper of good, or
ouerthrower of yll, than the directour and phisician of our 
mynde, God himself? Who when he lookes out of the glasse
of his hye prouidence, knowith what for ech man is best.
And that he knowes is best, that he gyues him. And this is
the greate miracle of destenyes order, when it is treated by a 
skyllfull person, at which the ignorant woonder. And that
I may somwhat touche what mans Reason may comprehend
of Godes depth, in that mater that thou supposest to be most
just, & keeps greatest equalitie, it seemes all be different
from him that knowith what Prouidence is. And as our
frend Lucan sayde, the wynners cause pleased God, the woonne
Cato. For in this world what so thou seest be done beyond
hope, is the rightest order of all, And peruers is the          #
confusion
of opinion her self. But if a man haue so much manner,
that he will agree both of diuine judgement & humayne,
yet is he of his myndes strength so weake, as if any aduersitie
hap him, he will leave to prise ynnocency, by whom he could
not keepe fortune. For the wise giuer sparyth him whom he
knowes aduersity will him payre, so as he will not suffer him
labour in payne, for ought behooues him not. An other
man ther is vniuersally vertuous, holy, & next to God.
This man the diuine Prouidence judgith a wicked thing with
aduersitie to afflict, so that he will not suffer him be vext
with bodely disease. For as an excellenter than my self
sayde: 'A good man, his vertues doo inhabite him.' So it
concludes, that good men haue all thinges to rule, that
abounding iniquitie might be ruyned. To other men he
distributes certain mixtures, according to the qualitie of the 
<P 95>
mynd. Som men he stingith lest they should ouerflow into
greate felicity. Others he tosses with aduersitie, that he may
establish their myndes vertue, by patience, vse, & exercyse.
Others som to much feare, that beare they might; som other
to much despise that carry they can not. These men he
leades by woe to know themselves. Som other deserue an
honorable name with price of glorious death. Som other haue
shewed a sample to the rest, vnuincible of payne: And so doo
shew to wicked men how vnwon vertue is. Which how rightly
& in order & for their good to whom it hapt they haue bene
don, ther is no doute. For euin that eyther sorowfull or
desyred haps to the wicked folkes, proceedes of like cause.
And as for the wicked, no man wonders, for thinking them
worthy all yll: whose punishment both feares other from
faultes, & breedes their amendement on whom it is imposd:
Prosperous thinges serue for greate argument that they be
good. But what ought men iudge of such felicitie? when they
see them the servantes of the wicked. In which mater somtyme
they seeme to haue dispensation, for that som mans
nature is so headstrong & rash, that neede of necessities
cause may make him fall into a mischeefe, whom the prouiding
of monny got, might serue for remedy. But when he
lookes, his fyled conscience with faulte, & with himself
disputing of his fortune, perchance fearith that the losse      #
should
be sorowfull, of that the vse was delytefull. He will change
therfore his condition, and whyle his luck feares to lose it,   #
he
will leave his wickednes. Vnworthy gotten felicitie throwes
downe som men to deseruid ruine; som men haue leave to 
punish, that they might invre good men, & punish the yll.
For as no league ther is between the wicked & good, so can
not the euill among them selves agree. What els, when ech
man disagrees, their vices being sondry, & often doo such
thinges, which they discerne they ought not doo, after don
they be? So haps it oft, that Godes providence wourkith a 
miracle, that euill men make yll men good. For when they 
see that they suffer harm themselves by euill men, abhorring
such actors, retourne to vertues frute, while they study to be
vnlyke such as they hate. For it is Godes only powre, to 
make of euill good, when vsing them as they ought, drawes
<P 96>
from them som effect of good. For order keeps ech thing,
so as what so doth leave his assigned way of order, the self
same tho it hap to an other, falles in rule, lest in            #
Providences
kingdom, Rashnes should prevayle. 'Hard for me it is these
thinges that touche God, as all the rest, describe.' For
neyther doth it becom man to comprehend all shapes of his
woorkes, or by tongue or wit expresse. Only this may
suffise, that we perceaue that God the maker of all Nature,
disposith so of all as directes it to the good. And while he
hyes to kepe such thinges in order as he made, he dryves all
euill out of the boundes of his kingdom, by the order of a 
fatall necessitie. So it followes, that such thinges as we
beleeue the Earth to haue plenty, if we looke vpon the
direction of Providence, we shall see ther is no yll at all.
But now I see the` burdned with waight of question, &
wearyed with length of reasoning, to expecte the sweetness of
som verse. Take therfore a draught wherby refresht thou
mayst trye strong furder to go." 



<B CESERM2A>
<Q E2 IR SERM HOOKER>
<N ST JUDE1>
<A HOOKER RICHARD>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HOOKER, RICHARD.
TWO SERMONS UPON PART OF S. JUDES
EPISTLE, 1614.
THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 195.
AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM
LTD. AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS,
1969 (FACSIMILE).
PP. 1.14 - 10.5     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 36.1 - 45.5     (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1>
   The occasion wherevpon, together
with the ende wherefore,
this Epistle was written, is opened
in the front & entrie of the
same. There were then, as there
are now, many evill and wickedly
disposed persons, not of
the mysticall body, yet within the visible bounds of
the Church, men which were of old ordained to co~demnation,
vngodly men which turned the grace of
our God into wantonnesse and denied the Lord Iesus.
For this cause the spirit of the Lord is in the hand
of Iude, the servant of Iesus and brother of Iames, to
exhort them that are called, and sanctified of God the
father, that they would earnestly contend to maintaine
<P 2>
the faith; which was once delivered vnto the
Saints. Which faith because wee cannot maintaine
except wee knowe perfectly, first against whom, secondly
in what sort it must be maintained; therefore
in the former three verses of that parcell of Scripture
which I haue read, the enimies of the crosse of Christ
are plainely described; and in the later two, they that
loue the Lord Iesus haue a sweet lesson giuen them
how to strengthen & stablish themselues in the faith.
Let vs first therefore examin the description of these
reprobates concerning faith; and afterwards come
to the words of the exhortation; wherein Christians
are taught how to rest their hearts on Gods eternall
and everlasting truth. The description of these godlesse
persons is two fold; (^Generall^) and (^Speciall^) . The        #
(^generall^)
doth point them out and shew what manner
of men they should be. The (^particular^) pointeth at
them, and saith plainely these are they. In the (^generall^)
description we haue to consider of these things. (^First,
when^) they were described, (^they were told of before.         #
Secondly^) ,
the men by whom they were described, (^They
were spoken of by the Apostles of our Lord Iesus Christ.
Thirdly^) , the daies when they should bee manifested
vnto the world, they told you they (^should bee in the
last time. Fourthly^) , their disposition and whole demeanure,
(^mockers and walkers after their own vngodly lusts^) .
   2 In the third to the Philippians, the Apostle
describeth certaine. (^They are men^) , saith hee (^of whom I
haue told you often, and now with teares I tell you of them,
their God is their belly, their glorying and reioycing is in
<P 3>
their owne shame, they mind earthly things.^)
   These were enimies of the crosse of Christ, enimies
whom he saw, & his eies gusht out with teares
to behold them. But we are taught in this place, how
the Apostles spake also of enimies, whom as yet they
had not seen, described a family of me~ as yet vnheard
of, a generation reserved for the end of the world, &
for the last time, they had not onely declared what 
they heard and saw in the daies wherein they lived,
but they haue propheci'd also of me~ in time to come.
And (^you doe well^) , saith S. Peter, (^in that yee take       #
heed, to
the words of prophecie, so that yee first know this, that no
prophecie in the Scripture commeth of any mans owne
resolution^) . No prophecie in Scripture commeth of
any mans owne resolution. For all prophecy, which
is in Scripture, came by the secret inspiration of God.
But there are prophecies which are no scripture, yea
there are prophecies against the Scripture: my brethren
beware of such prophecies, and take heed you
heed them not. Remember the things that were spoken 
of before; but spoken of before by the Apostles
of our Lord and Saviour Iesus Christ. Take heed to
prophecies, but to prophecies which are in scripture.
For both the manner and the matter of those prophecies
doth shew plainely that they are of God.
   3 Touching the manner, how men by the spirit
of prophecie in holy Scripture haue spoken & written
of things to come, wee must vnderstand, that as
the knowledge of that they spake, so likewise the vtterance
of that they knewe came not by these vsuall
<P 4>
and ordinary meanes whereby we are brought to vnderstand
the mysteries of our salvation, and are wont
to instruct others in the same. For whatsoever wee
know, we haue it by the hands and ministrie of men,
which lead vs along like children from a letter to a
syllable, from a syllable to a word, from a word to a
line, from a line to a sentence, from a sentence to a 
side, and so turne over. But God himselfe was their
instructour, he himselfe taught the~ partly by dreames
and visions in the night, partly by revelations in the
daie, taking them aside from amongst their brethre~,
and talking with them, as a man would talke with his 
neighbour in the way. Thus they became acquainted
even with the secret and hidden counsels of God.
They saw things which themselues were not able to
vtter, they beheld that whereat men and Angels are 
astonished. They vnderstood in the beginning, what 
should come to passe in the last daies.
   4 God, which lightned thus the eies of their vnderstanding
giving them knowledge by vnvsuall and
extraordinarie meanes, did also miraculously himself
frame and fashion their wordes and writings, in so
much that a greater difference there seemeth not to
bee betweene the manner of their knowledge, then
there is between the manner of their speech & ours.
When we haue conceiued a thing in our hearts and
throughlie vnderstand it, as wee thinke within our 
selues, yet we can vtter it in such sort that our brethre~
may receaue instruction or comfort at our mouths,
how great, how long, how earnest meditation are 
<P 5>
we forced to vse? And after much travaile, and much
paines, when we open our lips to speake of the wonderfull
workes of God, our tongues doe faulter within
our mouthes, yea many times wee disgrace the 
dreadfull mysteries of our faith, and grieue the spirit
of our hearers by words vnsavory, and vnseemely
speeches. (^Shall a wise man fill his bellie with the easterne
wind^) , saith (^Eliphaz, shall a wise man dispute with words
not comely? or with talke that is not profitable^) ? Yet        #
behold,
even they that are wisest amongst us living, co~pared
with the Prophets, seem no otherwise to talke
of God, then as if the children which are caried in
armes should speake of the greatest matters of state.
They whose words doe most shew forth their wise
vnderstanding, and whose lips doe vtter the purest
knowledge, so as long as they vnderstand and speake as
men, are they not faine sundry waies to excuse themselues?
Sometimes acknowledging with the wise ma~,
(^hardly can we discerne the things that are on earth, and
with great labour finde wee out the things that are before
vs, who can then seeke out the things that are in heauen^) ?
Sometimes confessing with (^Iob^) the righteous, in treating
of things too wonderfull for vs, we haue spoke~
we wist not what. Sometimes ending their talke, as
doth the history of the Macchabees, if we haue done
wel, & as the cause required, it is that we desire, if we
haue spoke~ slenderly and barely, we haue done what
we could. But (^God hath made my mouth like a sword^) ,
saith (^Esay^) . And (^we haue received^) , saith the Apostle,  #
(^not
the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God, that
<P 6> 
wee might know the things, which are given to vs of God
which things also we speake, not in words, which mans wisdome
teacheth, but which the holy Ghost doth teach^) . This is
that which the Prophets mean by those books writte~
ful within, & without; which books were so often delivered
the~ to eat, not because God fed the~ with inke,
& paper, but to teach vs, that so oft as he employed
them in this heavenly worke, they neither spake, nor
wrote any word of their owne, but vttered sillable by 
sillable as the spirit put it into their mouths, no otherwise
then the Harp or the Lute doth giue a sound according
to the discretion of his hands that holdeth & 
striketh it with skill. The difference is only this. An
instrument whether it be a pipe or harpe maketh a distinction
in the times and sounds, which distinction is 
well perceived of the hearer, the instrumente it selfe
vnderstanding not what is piped or harped. The Prophets
and holy men of God not so. (^I opened my mouth^) ,
saith (^Ezechiel^) , and (^God reached me a scroule, saying,    #
son of
man cause thy belly to eat & fill thy bowels with this I giue
thee, I eate it, and it was sweet in my mouth as hony^) , saith
the Prophet. Yea sweeter, I am perswaded, then either
hony or the hony combe. For herein they were 
not like Harps or Lutes, but they felt, they felt the
power and strength of their owne words. Whe~ they
spake of our peace, every corner of their hearts, was 
filled with joy. Whe~ they prophecied of mournings,
lamentations, and woes, to fall vpon vs, they wept in
the bitternes and indignation of spirit, the arme of
the Lord being mighty and strong vpon them.
<P 7>
   5 On this manner were all the prophecies of holy
scripture. Which prophecies, although they containe
nothing which is not profitable for our instruction,
yet as one starre differeth from another in glory,
so every word of prophecy hath a treasure of matter
in it, but all matters are not of like importance, as
al treasures are not of equal price. The chiefe & principal
matter of prophecie is the promise of righteousnesse,
peace, holinesse, glory, victory, immortality
vnto every soule which beleeveth, that Iesus is
Christ, of the Iew first, and of the Gentile. Nowe
because the doctrine of salvation to bee looked
for by faith in him, who was in outward appearance
as it had beene a man forsaken of God, in him who
was numbred, Iudged, and condemned with the wicked,
in him whom men did see buffited on the face,
scoft at by Souldiers, scourged by tormentours, hanged
on the crosse, pearced to the heart, in him whom
the eies of many witnesses did behold, when the anguish
of his soule enforced him to roare as if his hart
had rent in sunder, (^O my God, my God why haste thou forsaken
me^) ? I say, because the doctrine of salvatio~ by him
is a thing improbable to a natural man, that whether
we preach it to the Gentile, or to the Iew, the one
condemneth our faith as madnes, the other as blasphemy,
therefore to establish and confirme the certainety
of this saving trueth in the harts of men; the
Lord togither, with their preachings, whom hee sent
immediatly from himselfe, to reveale these things vnto
the world, mingled prophecies of things both civill
<P 8>
and Ecclesiasticall, which were to come in everie
age from time to time, till the very last of the latter
daies; that by those things, wherein we see daily their
words fulfilled and done, we might haue strong consolation
in the hope of things which are not seene,
because they haue revealed as well the one as the other.
For when many things are spoken of before in
scripture, whereof we see first one thing accomplished,
and then another, and so a third, perceiue wee not
plainely, that God doeth nothing else but lead vs along
by the hand, til he haue setled vs vpon the rocke
of an assured hope, that no one iote or title of his
word shall passe till all be fulfilled? It is not therefore
saide in vaine, that these godlesse wicked ones were
(^spoken of before^) .
   6 But by whom? By them whose words, if men
or Angels from heauen gainesaie, they are accursed;
by them, whom whosoever despiseth, despiseth not
them, but me, saith Christ. If any man therefore doth
loue the Lord Iesus (and woe worth him that loueth
not the Lord Iesus!) hereby wee may know that hee
loveth him indeed, if hee despise not the things that
are spoken of by his Apostles; whom many haue despised
even for the basenesse and simplenesse of their
persons. For it is the propertie of fleshly and carnall
men, to honour and dishonour, credit, and discredit
the words and deeds of every man according to that
he wanteth or hath without. If a man with gorgeous
apparell come amongst vs, although he bee a theefe
or a murtherer (for there are theeues and murtherers
<P 9>
in gorgeous apparell) be his heart whatsoever, if his
coat be of purple, or velvet, or tissue, every one riseth
up, and all the reverent solemnities wee can vse, are
too little. But the man that serveth God, is contemned
and despised amongst vs for his povertie. (^Herod^)
speaketh in iudgement, and the people to cry out, (^The
voice of God and not of man. Paul^) preacheth Christ,
they tearme him a trifler. Harken beloued: hath not
God chosen the poore of this world, that they should
be rich in faith? hath hee not chosen the refuse of the
world to be heires of his kingdome, which hee hath
promised to them that loue him? hath he not chosen
the ofscowrings of men to be the lights of the world,
and the Apostles of Jesus Christ. Men vnlearned, yet
how fully replenished with vnderstanding? fewe in
number, yet how great in power? contemptible in
shew, yet in spirit how strong? how wonderfull? (^I
would faine learne the mysterie of the eternall generation
of the sonne of God^) , saith (^Hilary^) . Whom shall I seeke?
shall I get me to the schooles of the (^Grecians^) ? why? I
haue read, (\vbi sapiens? vbi scriba? vbi conquisitor huius
seculi\) ? These wise men in the world must needs bee
dumbe in this, because they haue reiected the wisdome
of God. Shall I beseech the Scribes and Interpreters
of the law, to become my teachers? how can 
they knowe this, sith they are offended at the crosse
of Christ? It is death for me to be ignorant of the             #
vnsearchable
misterie of the sonne of God: of which misterie
notwithstanding I should haue been ignorant,
but that a poore fisherman, vnknowne, vnlearned,
<P 10>
new come from his bote with his cloathes wringing
wet, hath opened his mouth and taught me, (^In the beginning
was the word, and the word was with God, & the word
was God^) . These poore sillie creatures haue made 
vs rich in the knowledge of the mysteries of Christ.

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E2 IR SERM HOOKER>
<N ST JUDE2>
<A HOOKER RICHARD>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P 36>
   7 (^Edifie your selues.^) The speech is borrowed fro~
material builders, and must be spiritually vnderstood.
It appeareth in the 6. of (^S.Iohns^) gospel by the Iewes,
that their mouthes did water too much for bodilie 
food, (^Our Fathers^) , say they, (^did eate Manna in the       #
Desert,
as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to
eate; Lord, evermore giue vs of this bread^) ! Our Saviour,
to turne their appetite another way, maketh the this
answere, (^I am the bread of life, hee that co~meth to me shall
not hunger, and hee that beleeveth in mee, shall never
thirst^) .
   8 An vsuall practise it is of Satan to cast heapes
of worldly baggage in our way, that whilest we desire
to heape vp gold as dust, wee may be brought at the
length to esteeme vilely that spiritual blisse. Christ, in
the 6. of (^Matthew^) , to correct this evill affection,        #
putteth
vs in minde to lay vp treasure for our selues in 
heaven. The Apostle, (^1. Tim.3. chapt.^) misliking the         #
vanity
of those wome~, which attired themselues more 
costly, then beseemed the heavenly calling of such as
professed the fear of God, willeth them to cloath
themselues shamefastnes and modestie, and to
put on the apparel of good workes. (\Tabiter pigmentatae
Deum habebitis amatorem\) , saith (^Tertullian^) . Put on
righteousnesse as a garment: in steed of Civit haue
Faith, which may cause a favour of life to issue from
you, and God shall be enamoured, he shall be ravished
with your beauty. These are the ornaments, & bracelets,
and jewels, which inflame the loue of Christ, and
set his hart on fire vpon his spowse. We see, how he
<P 37>
breaketh out in the Canticles at the beholding of
this attire, How faire art thou, and how pleasant art
thou, O my loue, in these pleasures!
   9 And perhaps (^S. Iude^) exhorteth vs here not to
build our houses but our selues, foreseeing by the spirit
of the Almighty, which was with him, that there
should be men in the last daies like to those in the first,
which should encourage and stirre vp each other to
make bricke & to burne it in the fire, to build houses
huge as cities, and towers as high as heaven, thereby
to get them a name vpon earth; men that shoulde
turne out the poore, and the fartherlesse, and the widdow
to build places of rest for dogs & swine in their 
roomes; men that should lay houses of praier even
with ground, and make the~ stables where Gods people
haue worshipped before the Lord. Surely this is a
vanity of all vanities, and it is much amongst men, a
speciall sicknesse of this age. What it should meane, I
know not, except God haue set the~ on worke to provide
sewel against that day, when the Lord Iesus shal
show himselfe from heaven with his mighty angels
in flaming fire. What good commeth vnto the owners
of these things, saith (^Solomon^) , but only the beholding
thereof with their eies? (^Martha, Martha, thou
busiest thy selfe about many things, One thing is necessarie.^)
Yee are too busie, my brethren, with timber, and
bricke; They haue chosen the better part, they haue
taken a better course, that build themselues. Yee are
the Temples of the living God; as God hath said, I
wil dwel in them, and will walke in them, & they shal
<P 38>
be my people, and I wil be their God.
   10 Which of you wil gladly remaine, or abide
in a mishapen, a ruinous, or a broken house? And shal
we suffer sinne, and vanity to drop in at our eies, and 
at our eares, at every corner of our bodies, & of our 
soules, knowing that we are the Temples of the holy
Ghost? Which of you receiveth a guest, whom he
honoureth, or whom he loveth, and doth not sweepe
his chamber against his comming? And shal we suffer
the chamber of our hearts and consciences to lie
full of vomiting, full of filth, ful of garbidge, knowing
that Christ hath said, I, and my Father will come, and 
dwell with you? Is it meete for your Oxen to lay in
parlours, and your selues to lodge in cribs? Or is it
seemely for your selues to dwell in your setled houses
and the house of the Almighty to lie wast, whose
house yee are your selues? Do not our eies behold,
how God every day overtaketh the wicked in their
iourneies, how suddenly they pop downe into the
pit? how Gods iudgements for their times come so
swiftly vpon them, that they haue not the leasure to
crie, Alas? how their life is cut off like a threed in a
moment? how they passe like a shadow? how they open
their mouthes to speake, and God taketh them
even in the midst of a vaine or an idle word? And dare
we for all this lay downe, take our rest, eate our meat
securely and carelessly in the midst of so great and so
many ruines? Blessed and praised for ever and ever be
his name, who perceiuing of how senselesse & heavy
mettall we are made, hath instituted in his Church a
<P 39>
spirituall supper, and an holy communion, to be celebrated 
often, that we might thereby bee occasioned
often to examine these buildings of ours, in what case 
they stand. For sith God doth not dwell in Temples
which are vncleane, sith a shrine cannot be a sanctuary
vnto him; and this supper is receaued as a seale vnto
vs, that we are his house and his sanctuarie, that his
Christ is as truly vnited to me, and I to him, as my
arme is united and knit vnto my shoulder, that hee
dwelleth in me as verily as the elements of bread and
wine abide within me, which perswasion, by receiving 
these dreadfull mysteries, we professe our selues
to haue; a due comfort, if truly, and if in hypocrisie
then woe worth vs. Therefore ere wee put forth our
hands to take this blessed Sacrament, we are charged
to examine, and to trie our hearts whether God bee
in vs of a truth or no: and if by faith and loue vnfained
we be found the temples of the holy Ghost, then
to iudge, whether we haue had such regard every one
to our building, that the spirit which dwelleth in vs
hath no way beene vexed, molested, and grieued. Or
if it haue, as no doubt sometimes it hath by incredulitie,
sometimes by breach of charitie, sometimes by
want of zeale, sometimes by spots of life, even in the
best and most perfect amongst vs, (for who can say,
his heart is cleane?) O then to fly vnto God by vnfained
repentance, to fall downe before him in the humilitie
of our soules, begging of him whatsoever is
needfull to repaire our decaies, before wee fall into
that desolation, whereof the Prophet speaketh, saying 
<P 40>
(^Thy breach is great like the sea, who can heale thee^) ?
   11 Receiving the sacrament of the Supper of
the Lord, after this sort (you that are spiritual, iudge
what I speake) is not all other wine like the water of
(^Marah^) , being compared to the cup, which we blesse?
Is not (^Manna^) like to gall, and our bread like to            #
(^Manna^) ?
Is there not a tast, a tast of Christ Iesus in the hart
of him that eateth? Doth not hee which drinketh, behold
plainely in this cup, that his soul is bathed in the
blood of the lambe? O beloued in our Lord and Saviour
Iesus Christ, if yee will tast how sweet the Lord
is, if yee will receaue the king of glory, (^Build your
selues^) .
   12 (^Young men^) , I speake this to you, for yee are
his house, because by faith, yee are conquerers over
(^Satan^) , and haue overcome that evill. (^Fathers^) , I       #
speake
it also to you, yee are his house, because yee haue
knowne him, which is from the beginning. Sweete
(^Babes^) , I speake it even to you also; yee are his house,
because your sinnes are forgiven you for his namesake.
(^Matrons^) and (^Sisters^) , I may not hold it from you,
yee are also the Lords building, and, as S. (^Peter^) speaketh,
heires of the grace of life as well as we. Though
it be forbidden you to open your mouthes in publike
assemblies, yet yee must bee inquisitiue in things concerning
this building, which is of God, with your husbands
and friends at home, not as (^Dalila^) with (^Sampson^) ,
but as (^Sara^) with (^Abraham^) , whose daughters yee
are, whilst yee doe well, and build your selues.
   13 Having spoken thus farre of the exhortation,
<P 41>
as whereby we are called vpon to edifie and build
our selues. It remaineth now, that wee consider the
thing prescribed, namely wherein we must bee built.
This pr.scription standeth also vpon two points, the
(^thing^) prescribed, and the (^adiuncts^) of the (^thing^) .   #
And
that is our most pure, and (^holy faith^) .
   14 The thing prescribed is (^Faith^) . For as in a
chaine, which is made of many linkes, if you pull the
first, you drawe the rest; and as in a ladder of many
staues, if you take away the lowest, all hope of ascending
to the highest will be remoued, So because all
the precepts and promises in the law and in the Gospell
doe hang vpon this, (^Beleeue^) ; and because the last
of the graces of God doth so follow the first, that he
glorifieth none, but whom he hath iustified, nor iustifieth
any, but whom he hath called to a true, effectual,
and liuely faith in Christ Iesus, therefore S (^Iude^)          #
exhorting
us to (^build our selues^) , mentioneth here expresly
only faith, as the thing wherein we must be edified,
for that faith is the ground and the glorie of all the
welfare of this building.
   15 (^Yee are not strangers & forrainers, but citizens
with the Saints, and of the houshold of God^) , saith the       #
Apostle, 
(^and are built vpon the foundation of the Prophets & 
Apostles, Iesus Christ himselfe being the cheefe corner
stone, in whom all the building being coupled together,
groweth vnto an holy Temple in the Lord, in whom we
also are built together to be the habitation of God by the
spirit^) . And we are the habitation of God by the spirit,
if we beleeue. For it is written, whosoever confesseth
<P 42>
that Iesus is the sonne of God, in him God dwelleth,
and he in God. The strength of this habitatio~ is great;
it prevaileth against Satan; it conquereth sinne; it hath
death in derision; neither principalities, nor powers
can throwe it downe; it leadeth the world captiue, &
bringeth every enimie, that riseth vp against it, to co~fusion
and shame, and all by faith; for this is the victorie
that overcommeth the world, even our faith.
Who is it that overco~meth the world, but hee which
beleeueth, that Iesus is the sonne of God?
   16 The strength of every building, which is of 
God, standeth not in any mans armes or legs: it is only
in our faith, as the valour of (^Sampson^) lay only in his
haire. This is the reason, why wee are so earnestly called 
vpon to (^edifie our selues in faith^) . Not as if this bare
action of our minds, whereby wee beleeue the Gospel
of Christ, were able in it selfe, as of it selfe, to make
vs vnconquerable and invincible, like stones, which abide
in the building for ever and fall not out. No, it is
not the worthinesse of our beleeuing, it is the vertue
of him in whom we beleeue, by which we stand sure 
as houses that are builded vpon a rocke. He is a wise
man, which hath builded his house vpon a rocke; for 
he hath chosen a good foundation, and no doubt his
house will stand. But how shall it stand? verily by the 
strength of the rocke which beareth it, & by nothing
else. Our fathers, whom God delivered out of the
land of Egypt, were a people, that had no peeres amongst
the nations of the earth, because they were
built by faith vpon the rocke, which rocke is Christ.
<P 43>
(^And the rocke^) , saith the Apostle in the first to the       #
(^Corinthians^) ,
the tenth Chapter, (^did follow him^) . Whereby
we learne not only this, that being built by faith on
Christ as on a rocke, and grafted into him as into an
Oliue, wee receiue all our strength and fatnesse from 
him, but also that this strength and fatnesse of ours
ought to be no cause why we should be high minded
and not worke out our salvation with a reverent, tre~bling,
and holy feare. For if thou boastest thy selfe of
thy faith, knowe this that Christ chose his Apostles, 
his Apostles chose not him; that Israel followed not
the rocke, but the rocke followed Israel, and that thou
bearest not the roote, but the root thee. So that every
heart must this thinke, and every tongue must 
thus speake, (^Not vnto vs, O Lord, not vnto vs^) , nor vnto
any thing which is within vs, but vnto thy name
onely, only to thy name belongeth all the praise of al
the treasures and riches of every Temple which is of
God. This excludeth al boasting and vaunting of our 
faith.
   17 But this must not make vs carelesse to edifie
our selues in faith. It is the Lord that delivereth mens
soules from death, but not except they put their trust
in his mercy. It is God that hath given vs eternall life,
but no otherwise then thus, If wee beleeue in the
name of the sonne of God; for hee that hath not the
sonne of God hath not life. It was the spirit of the 
Lord which came vpon (^Sampson^) , & made him strong
to teare a lion as a man would rent a kid: but his
strength forsooke him, and he became like other men
<P 44>
when the razer had touched his head. It is the power
of God whereby the faithfull haue subdued kingdomes,
wrought righteousnesse, obtained the promises,
stopped the mouthes of Lions, quenched the violence
of fire, escaped the edge of the sword: But take
away their faith, and doth not their strength forsake
them? are they not like vnto other men?
   18 If yee desire yet farther to knowe how necessarie
and needfull it is, that we edifie and build vp our
selues in faith, marke the words of the blessed Apostles,
(^without faith it is impossible to please God^) . If I offer
vnto God all the sheepe and oxen, that are in the
world, if all the Temples, that were builded since the
dayes of (^Adam^) till this houre, were of my foundation,
if I breake my very heart with calling vpon God,
and weare out my tongue with preaching, if I sacrifice
my body and my soule vnto him, (^and haue no faith^)
all this availeth nothing. (^Without faith it is impossible
to please God.^) Our Lord and Saviour therefore being
asked in the sixt of S. (^Iohns^) Gospell, (^What shall we doe
that we might worke the workes of God^) , maketh answer,
(^This is the worke of God, that yee beleeue in him, whom hee
hath sent^) . 
   19 That no worke of ours, no building of our
selues in any thing can be available or profitable vnto
vs, except we be edified & built in faith, what need
we to seeke about for long proofe? looke vpon Israel
once the very chosen and peculiar to God, to whom
the adoption of the faithfull, and the glory of Cherubins,
and the covenants of mercy, and the lawe of
<P 45>
(^Moses^) , and the service of God, and the promises of
Christ were made impropriate, who not onely were
the ofspring of (^Abraham^) , father vnto all them which
doe beleeue, but Christ their ofspring, which is God
to be blessed for evermore.



<B CESERM2B>
<Q E2 IR SERM SMITH>
<N USURY1>
<A SMITH HENRY>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SMITH, HENRY.
TEXT:  TWO SERMONS ON "OF USURIE".
A PREPARATIVE TO MARIAGE; OF THE LORDS
SUPPER; OF USURIE, 1591.
THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 762.
AMSTERDAM: THEATRUM ORBIS TERRARUM,
LTD. AND NORWOOD, N. J.: WALTER J. JOHNSON,
INC., 1975 (FACSIMILE).
PP. B1V.10 - C2R.23      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. D7R.1  - F1R.5       (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P B1V>
   I haue spoken of Briberie and 
Simonie, and now I must speake 
of their sister Vsurie. Manie times
haue I thought to speake of this
Theame, but the argume~ts which
are alleaged for it, haue made mee
doubtfull what to say in it, because
it hath gone as it were vnder
a protection. At last you see
it falleth into my text, and therefore
now I cannot bauke it any
longer. Therefore if any heere
haue fauoured this occupation
before, let him now submit his
<P B2R>
thoughts vnto Gods thoughts; for
I will alleage nothing against it,
but that which is built vppon the
rocke.
   Vsurie is the sin which God wil
trie now whether you loue better
than his worde: that is, whether
you will leaue it if he forbid it: for
if hee flatly forbid it, and yet you
wilfully retaine it, then you loue
Vsurie better than Gods worde.
Therefore one saith well that our
Vsurers are Hereticks, because after
manie admonitions, yet they
maintaine their errour, and persist
in it obstinatly as Papists doo in
Poperie. For this cause I am glad
that I haue any occasion to griple
with this sin, where it hath made
so many spoyles, & where it hath
so many patrons: for it is said that
there be moe of this profession in
this Citie, than there bee in all the
<P B2V>
land beside. There be certaine sins
which are like an vnreasonable
enemie which will not be reconciled
to death, and this is one of
those euerlasting sins which liue
and die with a man. For when he
hath resigned his pride and his enuie
and his lust, yet Vsurie remaineth
with him, & he saith as (^Naaman^)
said, (^Let the Lord bee mercifull
vnto me in this^) : let me haue a dispensation
for this, as though this
were a necessarie sinne, and hee 
could not liue without it. There
be three sinnes which are counted
no sinnes, and yet they doo more
hurt than all their fellows, & those
are Briberie, Nonresidencie, and
Vsurie: these three because they
are gainful are turned from sinnes
to occupatio~s. How many of this
Citie for all that they are Vsurers,
yet would be counted honest me~,
<P B3R>
and would faine haue Vsurie esteemed
as a trade: whereas if it
were not so gainfull, it would bee
counted as great a sinne as any other,
and so it is counted of all but
them which liue by it. This is the
nature of pleasure and profite to
make sinnes seeme no sinnes, if we
gaine anything by them, but the
more gainfull a sinne is, the more
daungerous it is, and the more
gainfull Vsurie is, the more daungerous
it is. I will speake the more
of it, because happely you shall
not heare of this matter againe.
   First I will define what Vsurie
is, then I wil shew you what Vsurie
doth signifie: then I will shewe
the vnlawfulnes of it: then I will
shewe the kindes of it: then I will
shewe the arguments which are
alleaged for it: then I will shewe
the punishment of it: then I will
<P B3V>
shewe you what opinion wee
should holde of them which doo
not lend vpon Vsurie, but borrow
vpon Vsurie. Lastly, I will shewe
you what they should doo which
haue got their riches by Vsurie.
   Touching the first, Vsurie is
that gaine which is gotten by lending,
for the vse of the thing
which a man lendeth, couenanting
before with the borrower to
receaue more tha~ was borrowed:
and therefore one calls the Vsurer
a legall theefe, because before hee
steale, he tels the partie how much
hee will steale, as though hee stole
by law. This word (^more^) , comes in
like a sixt finger, which makes a
monster, because it is more than
should be. Another defining Vsurie,
calleth it the (^Contrarie to Charitie^) :
for (^Paule^) saith, (^Loue seeketh not
her owne^) , but Vsurie seeketh an
<P B4R>
others which is not her owne:
therfore Vsurie is farre from loue,
but (^God is Loue^) , saith (^Iohn^) , therefore
Vsurie is farre from God too.
   Now, al the Commandements
of God are fulfilled by loue, which
Christ noteth when hee draweth
all the Commandements to one
Commandement, which is, (^Loue 
God aboue all things, and thy neighbour
as thy selfe^) : as if hee should
say, hee which loueth God, will
keepe all the Commaundements
which respect God, and he which
loueth his neighbour will keepe
all the Commaundements which
respect his neighbour: therefore
to maintaine loue, God forbiddeth
all things which hinder this
loue: and among the rest here hee
forbiddeth Vsurie, as one of her
deadliest enemies: for a man can
not loue and be an Vsurer, because
<P B4V>
Vsurie is a kinde of crueltie, and a 
kinde of extortion, and a kinde of
persecution, and therfore the want
of loue doth make Vsurers: for if
there were loue there would bee
no Vsurie, no deceit, no extortion,
no slaundering, no reuenging, no
oppression, but wee should liue in
peace and ioye and contentment
like the Angels; whereby you see
that all our sinnes are against our
selues: for if there were no deceit,
then we should not bee deceiued:
if there were no slander, then wee
should not bee slandered: if there
were no enuie, then wee should
not bee enuied: if there were no
extortion, then we should not bee
iniuried: if there were no Vsurie
then we should not bee oppressed.
Therfore Gods law had been better
for vs than our owne lawe: for
if his law did stand, the~ we should
<P B5R>
not be deceiued, nor slandered, nor
enuied, nor iniured, nor oppressed.
God hath commanded euery ma~ 
to lend freely, & who would not
borrowe freely? Therefore they
which brought in vsurie, brought
in a lawe against themselues.
   The first Vsurers which wee
reade of, were the (^Iewes^) , which
were forbidden to be Vsurers, yet
for want of faith and loue, (^Ezekiel
& Nehemiah^) doth shewe how the 
(^Iewes^) , euen the (^Iewes^) which receiued
this lawe from God himselfe,
did swarue from it as they did
from the rest. First, they did lend
vppon Vsurie to straungers; after
they began to lend vppon Vsurie
to their brethren, and now there
be no such Vsurers vppon earth as
the (^Iewes^) which were forbidden
to be Vsurers. Wherby you may
see how the malice of man hath
<P B5V>
turned mercie into crueltie. For
whereas lending was commaunded
for the benefite of men, Vsurie
hath turned it to the vndoing
of men: for they take when they
seeme to giue; they hurt when
they seeme to helpe; they damage
when they seeme to vauntage:
therefore it is well noted that Vsurie
hath her name of byting, and
she may well signifie byting; for
many haue not onely been bitten
by it, but deuoured by it, that is,
consumed all that they haue: therfore
as the Apostle saith, (^If you bite
one another, take heede you be not deuoured
one of another^) : so I may say
if you be Vsurers one to another,
take heede you bee not deuoured
one of another, for Vsurers are biters.
As the name of the Diuell
doth declare what an enemie he is;
so the name of Vsurie dooth declare
<P B6R>
what an enemie she is. That
you may knowe Vsurie for a byter,
her name doth signifie byting.
If there were one byting Vsurie,
and another healing Vsurie, then
Vsurie should haue two names;
one of byting, and another of healing:
but all Vsurie signifieth byting,
to shewe that al Vsurie is vnlawfull.
Now, you haue heard
what Vsurie is, and of what it is
deriued, you shall heare the vnlawfulnes 
of it.
   First, it is against the law of charitie,
because charitie biddeth vs
to giue euery man his owne, and
to require no more than our own;
but Vsurie requireth more than
her owne, and giues not to other
their owne. Charitie reioyceth to
communicate her goods to other,
and Vsurie reioyceth to gather other
mens goods to her selfe.
<P B6V>
   Secondly, it is against the lawe
of Natio~s; for euerie Nation hath
some lawe against Vsurie, and
some restraint against Vsurers, as
you shall heare when wee speake
of the punishment.
   Thirdly, as it is against the law
of Nations, so it is against the law
of Nature, that is, the naturall
compassion which should bee among
men. You see a riuer when
it goeth by an emptie place, it will
not passe vntill it hath filled that
emptie place, & then it goeth forward
to another emptie place and
filleth it, and so to another emptie
place and filleth it, alwaies filling
the places which are emptie: so
should wee, the rich should fill the
poore, the ful should fill the hungrie,
they which abound should fill
them which want, for the rich are
but Gods Amners, and their riches
<P B7R>
are committed to them of God to
distribute and doo good as God
dooth himselfe: As the water is
charitable after a sorte, so is the
ayre, for it goeth to emptie places
too, and filleth them as the water
doth. Nature cannot abide that any
place should bee emptie, and
therefore the ayre though it bee a
light bodie, and so naturally ascendeth
vpward: yet rather than any
place in the earth shuld be emptie, 
the ayre wil descend as it were fro~
his throne, and goe into caues,
into dens, and into dungeons,
to fill them. If the rich were so
good to their emptie brethren, as
the ayre and water are to other
emptie things; as there is no emptie
place in the worlde, so there
should be no emptie person in the
world: that is, the rich in (^Israel^)
would fill the poore in (^Israel^) , but
<P B7V>
the riche make the poore to fill
them, for Vsurers feede vpon the
poore, euen as great fishes deuoure
the small. Therfore he which sayd
(^Let there not be a begger in Israel^) ,
sayd too, let there not be an Vsurer
in (^Israel^) , for if there be Vsurers 
in (^Israel^) , there wil be beggers
in (^Israel^) , for Vsurers make beggers,
euen as Lawyers make quarrellers.
   Fourthly, it is against the law of
God. First, it is forbidde~ in (^Exo.22.^)
where it is sayd, (^If thou lend money
vnto my people, that is, to the poore
with thee, thou shalt not oppresse them
with Vsurie^) : heere Vsurie is called
oppression, therefore if oppression 
be a sinne, Vsury is a sinne too.
Secondly, it is forbidde~ in (^Leu.25.36.^)
where it is sayd, (^Thou shalt not
giue thy money to Vsurie, nor lend thy
vittailes for increase^) . Heere you
<P B8R>
may see, that men may be Vsurers
of vittailes and other thinges, as
well as of money. Thirdly, it is
forbidden in (^Deut.23.^) where it is
sayde, (^Thou shalt not lende vnto thy
brother vpon Vsurie^) . And least you
shoulde saye, that he meaneth but
one kinde of Vsurie, he sheweth,
that he meaneth all kinds of Vsurie:
for after he sayth, (^as vsurie of
money, vsurie of vittailes, vsurie of
corne, or vsurie of any thing which is
giuen to Vsurie^) : because some are
not Vsurers of money, but some
are Vsurers of vittailes, some are
Vsurers of Cloth, some are Vsurers
of Corne, some are Vsurers
of Wine, some are Vsurers of
Oyle, and some of one thing, and
some of an other, and none would
bee counted Vsurers, but they
which lend money vpon Vsurie;
therefore God forbiddeth so preciselie
<P B8V>
Vsurie of any thing, shewing, 
that all Vsurie is vnlawfull.
It is a miserable occupation to liue
by sinne, and a great comfort to a
man when he looketh vpon his
Golde and Siluer, and his heart
telleth him, all this is well gotten,
and when he lieth vpon his deathbed,
and must leaue all to his children,
he can say vnto them, I leaue
you mine owne; but the Vsurer
cannot saye, I leaue you mine
own, but I leaue you other mens,
therefore the Vsurer can neuer
dye in peace, because if he dye before
he make restitution, he dyeth
in his sinne. When Christ raysed
(^Lazarus^) from death, after he had
layne foure dayes in the graue, he
wept so ouer his Sepulcher, that
the standers about sayd one to an
other, (^See how he loued him^) , As it 
may be sayde of Christ, See how
<P C1R>
he loueth vs, so it should be sayd
of vs, See how they loue their
breethren. For Christ sayd to his
Disciples, (^Loue one another, as I
haue loued you^) . But it may be sayde
of the Vsurer, See how hee hateth
hys breethren, and heare
how he loueth them: for hee loueth
them in wordes, and hateth 
them in deedes. He sayth that he
loueth them, and that he lendeth
for compassion, but it is for compassion
of himselfe, that he may
gaine by his lending. The Vsurer
loueth the borrower, as the Iuye
loueth the Oke: The Iuye loueth
the Oke to growe vp by it, so the
Vsurer loueth the borrower to
grow rich by him. The Iuye claspeth
the Oke like a louer, but it
claspeth out all the iuice and sap,
that the Oke can not thriue after:
So the Vsurer lendeth like a frie~d,
<P C1V>
but hee couenanteth like an enemye,
for he claspeth the borrower
with such bands, that euer after he
diminisheth, as fast as the other
encreaseth.
   Christe expounding the commaundement 
which forbiddeth
to steale, sayth, (^lende freely^) , shewing
that Vsurie, because she lendeth 
not freely, is a kinde of theft,
and the Vsurers a kind of theeues,
for else this exposition were not
right. Therfore (^Zacheus^) , as though
he had stolne other mens goods,
when he began to repent, he restored 
them againe foure foulde, euen
as theeues are inioyned to
restore four fould for that which
they haue stolne, so (^Zacheus^) restored
foure foulde, as though he
had stolne. It seemeth that (^Zacheus^)
was no greate theefe, because
hee restored foure foulde
<P C2R>
for all that he had gotten wrongfully,
for hee got but the fourth
part of his goods wrongfully at
the most, or else he could not haue
restored foure fould againe. But
now, if some should restore foure
fould, for all that they haue gotten
wrongfully, they shoulde restore
more than they haue, because
all which Vsurers get, they get
wrongfully: for their occupation
is a sinne, and therefore one sayth,
Because they cannot restore foure
fould heere, they shall suffer an
hundreth fould heereafter. (^Amaziah^)
is forbidden to strengthen
himself with the armyes of (^Israel^) ,
onely because (^Israel^) had offended
God; if (^Amaziah^) might not ioyne
the armyes of (^Israel^) with his armyes
to strengthen him, darest
thou ioyne the goods of the poore
with thy goodes to inrich thee? 

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E2 IR SERM SMITH>
<N USURY2>
<A SMITH HENRY>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P D7R>
   It remaineth that we 
speake of the Vsurers
punishment: Then,
what may be thought
of them which doo not take Vsurie,
but giue Vsurie. Lastly, what
they should doo, which haue got
their riches by Vsurie.
   To begin with the punishment,
not onely Gods lawe, but euen the
Cannon lawe doth so condemne
Vsurie, that first it dooth excommunicate
him from the Church,
<P D7V>
as though he had no communion
with Saints.
   Secondly, it dooth detaine him
from the Sacraments, as though
hee had no communion with
Christ.
   Thirdly, it dooth depriue him
of his Sepulcher, and will not suffer
him to be buried, as though he
were not worthie to lye in the
earth but to lye in hell.
   Lastly, it maketh his will to be
no will, as though his goods were
not his owne: for nothing is ours
but that which wee haue rightlie
got: and therefore wee say, It is
mine by right, as though it were
not ours, vnles it be ours by right.
This is the iudgement of mans
lawe.
   Now you shal heare the iudgement 
of Gods lawe. A Vsurer
dooth receiue two Incomes; one
<P D8R>
of the borrower, and another of
the reuenger; of the borrower he
lookes for gaine; but of the reuenger
hee lookes for punishment:
therefore al the Scripture prophecieth
euill vnto him, as (^Michaiah^)
did to (^Achab^) . (^Salomon^) saith, (^He
which increaseth his riches by Vsurie, 
gathereth for them which will
bee mercifull to the poore^) . As if he
should say, when hee hath loden
himselfe like a cart, he shall be vnloden
like a cart againe, and they
shall inherit his money for whom
hee did neuer gather it. For, hee
which is vnmerciful to the poore,
meaneth not to gather for them 
which will bee mercifull to the
poore: but (^Salomon^) saieth, That
they shall be his heires which will
bee mercifull as he was vnmercifull.
   Now marke whether this prophecie
<P D8V>
of (^Salomon^) be true, I know 
not how many in this Citie doo
increase by Vsurie; but this prophecie
seemeth to bee verified of
many: For it is noted, that the riches
and lands of Aldermen and
Merchants, and other in (^London^) , do
not last so long, nor indure so wel,
as the riches and lands of others in
the Countrey, and that their children
doo not prooue so well as others,
nor come to that place in the
Common weale, which for their
wealth their parents looked that
they should come to. I can giue no
reason for it but the reason of (^Salomon,
He which increaseth by Vsurie,
gathereth for them which will bee
mercifull to the poore^) . That is, their
riches shall goe from their heires
to Gods heires, according to that,
(^The riches of the sinner is laid vp for
the righteous^) : that is, the righteous
<P E1R>
shall inioy that which the wicked
gathereth. All riches are vncertaine,
but the riches which are
euill gotten, are most vncertaine:
They may bee called mooueable
goodes, for they are very mooueable,
like the clowdes which neuer
rest til they fall as they climed.
God saith, that he will smite the
Vsurer with his fist, not with the
palme of his hande, but with his
fist, which giueth a greater blow.
As his hands were shut against the
poore, so Gods hands shall be shut
against him, that his punishment
may be like his sinne. But if you
will heare their finall sentence,
(^Dauid^) saith heere, (^That they shall
not dwell in Gods temple, nor rest in
his holie mountaine^) . Then we will
seeke no moe punishments, for
this punishment is all punishme~ts,
If they shall not come to heauen,
<P E1V>
whose then shall those riches be?
nay, whose then shall the owner
be when that day commeth? If
he shall not rest in heauen, then he
shall rest in Hell where no rest is.
Then saith one, the Vsurer shall
crie vnto his children, Cursed be
you my children, because you
were the cause of these torments,
for least you should be poore, I
was an Vsurer, and robbed other,
to leaue riches vnto you. To
whome, the children shall replie
againe, nay, Cursed be you father,
for you were the cause of our torments;
for if you had not left vs
other mens goodes, we had not
kept other mens goodes. Thus
when they are cursed of God,
they shall curse one another, curse
the Lord for condemning them,
curse their sinnes for accusing
them, curse their parents for begetting
<P E2R>
them, and curse themselues,
because they cannot helpe
themselues. As they which are
blessed doe nothing but blesse, so
they which are cursed do nothing
but curse. This is the second Vsurie
which the Vsurer shall receiue 
of God, after he hath receiued
Vsurie of men, then the name
of Vsurie shall be fulfilled, as it
signifieth biting, so when it hath
bitten other, it shall bite the Vsurer
too, and neuer rest biting; then
they shall wish that they could restore
againe as (^Zacheus^) did, and
shall not restore because their money
is gone. Therefore if Christ
be come to your hearts, as he came
to (^Zacheus^) house, restore now as
(^Zacheus^) did, and escape this iudgment.
This is the end of the Vsurer 
and his money, if they stay together 
till death, yet at last there
<P E2V>
shall bee a diuision. The Deuill
shall take his soule, the earth shall
take his body, the strangers shall
take his goods, and the mourners
shall reioyce vnder their blackes,
and say, Wickednes is come to
the graue. Therefore, if thou
wouldest not be counted an Vsurer
then, refraine to be an Vsurer
now, for they which are Vsurers
now, shall be counted Vsurers
then. Thus you haue heard the
Vsurers payment.
   Now if you will know whether
it be vnlawfull to giue Vsurie, 
as it is vnlawfull to take Vsurie,
I wish that you could resolue
your selues, that I mighte not
speake of it: for I haue hearde
some Preachers say, that there be
some truthes which they would
be loth to preach, and so there be
some truthes which I would be
<P E3R>
loth to preache, because many
heare by halues, and some for malice
or ignorance will take things
otherwise than they are spoken,
yet because I haue promised, I
will speake some thing of it.
   Well then, may we neither
take Vsurie, nor giue Vsurie? I
knowe that (^Ieremy^) saith, (^I haue
not lent vpon Vsurie to others, neyther
haue others lent vpon Vsurie to
me^) ; as though both were vnlawfull,
not only to take Vsurie, but
to giue Vsurie. But thereby (^Ieremy^)
doeth signifie, that he was
no medler in the world, whereby
they should enuie him like other
men, and therefore hee cleareth
himselfe chiefely from Vsurie,
because Vsurers were most enuyed.
And to shewe that he was
not an Vsurer, he saith, that he
was not a borrower, which is
<P E3V>
more lawfull than to be an Vsurer,
like a man which saith I doe
neither hate him, nor knowe
him. Why it was lawfull to
knowe him, but to proue that he
did not hate him, he sayth, he doth
not knowe him: So (^Ieremy^) , to
proue that he had not lent vppon
Vsurie, doth say, that hee neuer
borrowed vppon Vsurie, which
many will doe that will not lende.
The best Expositors giue this
sense of it. I knowe beside, that
Christ did cast forth the buyers
out of his temple, as well as the
sellers, but that was not for buying,
but for buying in the temple,
where they should not buy, but
pray: or else it was as lawfull to
buy any thing, as it is lawfull to
vse it.
   I know beside, that it is a common
saying, if there were no buyers,
<P E4R>
there would be no sellers, if
there were no bribe giuers, there
would be no bribe takers. But in
this case it may be rather sayd, if
there were no takers, there would
be no giuers, for the giuer doeth
not make the receiuer to take, but
the receiuer doth make the giuer
to giue, because he will not lende
vnlesse the other will giue him for
the lone: therefore as we say, the
receiuer makes a theefe: so I may
say, the receiuer of Vsurie makes
the giuer of Vsurie. Therefore I
would be loth to compare them
which are constrained to borrow
vppon Vsurie, vnto them which
did buy in the temple, and were
not constrayned more than they
which solde in the temple. Much
lesse may I compare them which
giue Vsurie, vnto them which
take Vsurie: for there is as great
<P E4V>
oddes betweene them, as there is
betweene giuing and taking, or
betweene couetousnesse and necessitie,
for one is couetousnesse,
and the other is necessitie. Hee
which lendeth for Vsurie, lendeth
for couetousnesse, but he which
borroweth vpon Vsurie, borroweth
for necessitie.
   Now, for necessitie God hath
allowed many things; as for necessitie
it was lawfull for (^Adams^) 
sonnes to marrie with (^Adams^)
daughters, because there were no
other women. For necessitie it
was lawfull for (^Dauid^) to eate the
Shew bread, because he had no other
foode. For necessitie it was
lawfull to worke, and heale, and
fight vppon the Saboath, which
was not lawfull, but for necessitie.
Therfore for necessitie why may
not a man pay more than he borrowed,
<P E5R>
seeing no Scripture doth
forbid vs to pay more than wee
borrow, but to require more than
wee lend. Some doo thinke that
as God did vse the ambition of
(^Absalom^) , and the malice of (^Pharaoh^) , 
& the trecherie of (^Iudas^) vnto
good; so men may vse the couetousnes
of vsurers vnto good: that
is, to helpe at a neede, when a man
is like to bee vndone, and his children
cast away, and his Lease forfeited,
and many inconueniences
beside like to insue (which you
knowe better than I) vnlesse hee
haue present money at some time
to preuent a mischiefe. For example 
hereof, I may alleage how
(^Iaacob^) did vse the sinne of (^Laban^) :
(^Laban^) did euill in swearing by Idolls,
but (^Iaacob^) did not euill in
receiuing such an oath of him,
though it was an vnlawfull oath.
<P E5V>
So, though the Vsurer doo euill in
taking Vsurie, yet a man doth not
euill in giuing Vsurie. Beside, I
may alleage the example of (^Abraham^)
and (^Abimelech^) : (^Abraham^)
made a couena~t with (^Abimelech^) ;
to confirme this couenant, (^Abraham^)
sware, and (^Abimelech^)
sware, (^Abraham^) sware by the true
God, but (^Abimelech^) sware by his
false Gods, and yet (^Abraham^) did
receiue this oath and sinned not. 
So, if her Maiestie and the Turke
should make a couenant, the Turk
would not sweare as the Queene
would sweare; for the Queene
would sweare by the Lorde, but
the Turke would sweare by Mahomet:
if it be lawfull then to receiue 
such an oath, though it bee
an vnlawfull oath, why may it not
bee lawfull for mee, to giue more
than I borrowed, though it bee
<P E6R>
vnlawfull for the Vsurer to take
more than hee lended? Beside, a
Prince may not pardon a wilfull
murderer, yet I think that no man
wil say in hast, that he which hath
committed murder may not take
a pardon. As this vnlawfull giuing
doth not make the taking vnlawfull;
so the other vnlawfull taking
doth not make the giuing vnlawfull.
Beside, it is lawfull to suffer
iniurie, though it be vnlawfull to
offer iniurie: It is lawfull to suffer
iniurie, as Christ paide tribute,
which was iniurie; but it is not
lawfull to offer iniurie, because
there are sixe Commandements against
it.
   Now, to take Vsurie, is as it
were to offer iniurie; but to giue
Vsurie, is as it were to suffer iniurie:
therefore though I may not
take more than I borrowed, yet I
<P E6V>
may giue more than I borrowed.
   Moreouer, I may compare giuing
of Vsurie to swearing; if a
man sweare without cause he sinneth;
but if he sweare as the word
teacheth him to sweare, he sinneth
not: so, if a man borrow vpon Vsurie
and borrow without cause,
he sinneth, because he feedeth the
Vsurer: but els, as a man maye
sweare in some case, so in some
case a man may borrowe vpon Vsurie,
that is, in case of necessitie,
when a man must needes borrow,
and can borrowe of none but of
Vsurers.
   Lastly, I may alleage that Vsurie
and Vsurer are neuer read in
the scripture, but they signifie him
which takes Vsurie, not him
which giues Vsurie: and therfore
the Scripture seemeth to forbid
taking, but not giuing.
<P E7R>
   Many reasons moe are alleaged
which I cannot refute, and therefore
I will not contradict them:
yet I meane not to decide the question,
because I will not be mistaken; 
but if some should come vnto
me in that necessitie and extremitie 
which I can imagine, and
aske; may I borrowe money of
these Vsurers to saue my life, or
my credite, or my liuing, seeing
no man will lend mee freelie? I
would answere him as the Prophet
answered (^Naaman^) , neither
doo nor doo not, but (^goe in peace^) . I
will not forbid thee nor I will not
condemne thee, but if thy conscience
condemne thee not, I thinke
thy sinne one of the least sinnes;
& as (^Naaman^) praied, (^Lord be mercifull
vnto me in this^) : so I think the
Lord will bee mercifull vnto thee
in this: but if thy conscience goe
<P E7V>
against it: then doo it not, for it is
sinne to thee though it bee free for
another, because whatsoeuer is
not done of faith is sinne. I charge
you in the feare of God that you
do not mistake that which is said,
for I knowe no learned preacher,
nor learned writer of other mind.
Yet least you should mistake the
matter, as I distinguished of lenders,
so I will distinguish of borrowers.
   If some may borrow vpon Vsurie,
it dooth not followe that all
may borrowe vppon Vsurie, because
all haue not the like cause:
therefore doo not say that I teach
you to borrowe vpon Vsurie, for
I thinke that the most in this citie
which borrowe vppon Vsurie,
should not borrowe as they doo,
because they rather maintaine Vsurie,
than supplie their necessitie.
<P E8R>
Some I know borrow for meere
necessitie; if any may be allowed,
those are they: but there is a kind
of borrowers in this Citie which
feede Vsurers as the bellowes
kindle the fire; for they haue no
neede to borrow, but because they
would bee rich, and richer, and richest
of all: therfore they will imploy
al the money which they can
borrowe, thinking to get more by
the vse of it, than the Vsurie of it
doth come too. This maketh the~
sell their wares so deare, because
they must not only gaine the price
but the interest beside, and more
than the interest too, or els they
gaine nothing. These borrowers
are in another predicament than
those which borrowe for necessitie:
and therefore if they bee not
olde enough to answere for themselues,
I am too young to answere
<P E8V>
for them. There are other borrowers 
as I haue heard, which for
some secrete cause would seeme
barer and needier than they are, either
because they would not bee
charged deeplie with Subsidies, or
els because they would compou~d
with their Creditors for a little:
therefore they will haue alwaies
some thing for Vsurie, that their
Creditors may thinke them bare
of money, or that other may pitie
the~ in their charges. These are like
those Foxes which haue wealth
enough to pay their debts, and yet
lie in prison because they would
defraud their Creditors. I doubt
not but there bee moe sorts than I
knowe, I cannot hunt euerie corner
because I want experie~ce: but
this is my conclusion, I would
haue no man pay interest vnto Vsurers
but for necessitie, euen as a
<P F1R>
trauailer giueth his pursse to a
theefe, because he cannot choose.
Thus you haue heard what I can
say of them which take Vsurie,
and them which giue Vsurie.



<B CETRI2A>
<Q E2 XX TRI ESSEX>
<N TRIAL ESSEX>
<A X>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PROC TRIAL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SPEECH-BASED>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>

[^TEXT:  THE TRIAL OF THE EARL OF ESSEX.
THE DR. FARMER CHETHAM MS.
BEING A COMMONPLACE-BOOK IN THE CHETHAM
LIBRARY, MANCHESTER. TEMP. ELIZABETH, JAMES I. 
AND CHARLES I. CONSISTING OF VERSE AND PROSE, 
MOSTLY HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED.
(THE ARRAIGNMENT OF THE EARLES OF ESSEX
AND SOUTHAMPTON IN WESTMINSTER HALL
ON THURSDAYE YE XIX. OF FEBRUARIE 1600).
CHETHAM SOCIETY, LXXXIX.
ED. A. B. GROSART.
MANCHESTER: THE CHETHAM SOCIETY, 1873.
PP. 8.29 - 23.12^]

[^THE ABBREVIATIONS INDICATED BY APOSTROPHIES IN THE SOURCE 
TEXT ARE RENDERED WITH TILDES: p'tecte - p~tecte, p'sent -
p~sent.^]

<P 8>
The E. of Essex
replyed againe that he was far from any daungerous thought
towardes his Lo=p= or any of the rest w=th= him, whome he had
before tyme esteemed as his speciall freindes. he sawe indeede
that the comaundm=t= of Allegiaunce could not p~tecte the E. of
South: from the late iniurye done him by my Lo. Greye, and      #
therefore
resolved to stand vppon his guard, havinge y=e= same            #
adu~tisem=t=
<P 9>
on the Sat=er=day night y=t= his private enemyes were in armes
against him & the same seconded on the Sondaye morninge by
p~sons worthye the beleevinge, but (quoth he) for any intent of
treason towarde her Ma=tie= or the State, I am cleare and I can
avowe asmuch for the rest there p~sent. But my Lo. Steward
and the rest of yo=r= Lop=s=, I wold not that yo=u= shold       #
mistake me in
this, as if I went aboute to saue my Lyfe: no, I despise it     #
and am
at peace w=th= god and have forgott the world, beinge more      #
desirous
to dye then to live. That w=ch= I speake is rather in           #
satisfacon
of this nobleman that standeth by me and the rest that are
engaged w=th= me, whose hartes are purely affected and whose
bodyes are able to serve theire sou~aigne and their countrye.
But to confirme in me the doubte of beinge s=r~=prised in my    #
house,
S=r= Walter Raleighe persuaded S=r= fferdinando Gorges to leave #
vs or
he was lost, tould him that he came owte of a sinkinge ship.
And the advises on Saterday night and Sunday morninge, came
not from light and vayne reportes but from an honorable
adu~tisem=t=. But my Lordes (q=th= he) I haue had very uniust
courses vsed against me, Papists soughte owte to accuse, as     #
Tho.
Blunt, and one Sudall a Preiste, Allsoe Bales a Scrivener       #
confessed
to me and others that he counterfeited my hand twelve
tymes. What measure might I then expect from such begininge?
   To that M=r= Attorney spake that it was true y=t= Bales was  #
hired
therevnto by a s~vant of th'earles, one John Danyell to         #
th'intent
that if afterwardes the E. owne hand were p~duced to accuse him
he mighte have somewhat to allege for him selfe. Heere the Lo.
Greye stoode vp and p~tested he did not nowe mallice the E. of
South: ffor he delighted not to presse an abiecte ffortune.     #
That
w=ch= he offered him in the streete was in respect of a newe    #
iniurye
w=ch= (q=th= the E. of South:) was never ment yo=u=. The Lo.    #
Steward
comaunded an ende of that speeche, tendinge but to private
expostulacon. Then was redd the deposicon of S=r= fferdinando
Gorges to this effect, viz. that he received a l~re from the    #
E. in
January last, either to come vp to London or to meete in some
place the 2 of ffebruary. At his cominge the E. told him he
<P 10>
stoode vppon his guard, that he ment to trust no longer, but he
resolved to defend himself from restrainte. Tould him further
that he was confident in London, and liked not that the Lordes
shold be his int=r=cess=rs=, allsoe that he resolved to call a  #
Parliam=t=
havinge once gayned secure access at Courte. That he had a
stronge p~ty in Wales, but first ment to try London. That he    #
the
sayd S=r= ffer.[{dinando Gorges{] came from his charge at       #
Plymouth
w=t=hout leave, w=ch= beinge knowne to S=r= Walter Raleighe     #
his kinsman
and frend, S=r= Walt=er= sent for him to come speake w=th=      #
him: they
appointed to meete vppon the water on Sunday morninge, the
verie day that the E. of Essex began to stirr. And there
meetinge, S=r= Wa. Ra: told him that he wished him to dep~te    #
the
towne p~sently, or otherwise he wold be layde in the fleete,
whereto he replyed, tush S=r= Wa. this is not a tyme of goinge  #
to the
fleete, gett yo=u= backe to the Courte and that w=th= speede,   #
for yo=u=
are lyke to haue a bloody day of y=t=, wherevpon S=r= Walter    #
againe
advised him to come forth of that company. And then S=r= fferd.
Gorges shoved of the Boate wherein S=r= Wa. Ra: was and bad him
hye him there, w=ch= he did p~ceavinge a boate to come of[{f{]  #
at
Essex house stayres, wherein were 3 or 4 of the E. of Essex
s~vantes, with peeres who had in charge either to take or kill  #
S=r=
Wa. Ra: vppon the water. ffor the first p~te of theire meetinge
vppon the water S=r= Wa. Ra: was deposed in Courte to the same
effecte. The E. of Essex desired to heare S=r= fferd. Gorges    #
face to
face, wherevppon he was sent for, and there delivered as much,
addinge further that he desired the E. of Essex at his          #
retorne, to
goe and submitt himself; whereat the E. excepted w=th= this
speeche or to the like effecte. S=r= fferd. Gorges I wish       #
yo=u= shold
speake any thinge that shold do yo=r= self good, but remember
that yo=u= are a gent. and that yo=r= reputacon oughte to be    #
deare
vnto yo=u=. I pray yo=u= answere, did yo=u= advise me to cease  #
my
enterprise? My Lo. (q=th= he) I thinke I did. Nay (quoth E.)    #
it is
no=w= not tyme to answere vppon thinkinge, did yo=u= indeede so
counsell me? he answered I did. The E. pausing as it were in a
wond=er= replyed thus. Well, let his lyfe and my death witnes
<P 11>
howe truely he speakes. Then was agayne vrged the Consultation
at Drewery house, at w=ch= was p~sent the E. of South:
whereto the E. of South: replyed w=th= p~testation of all       #
loyaltie
in his harte towarde her Ma=tie=. And in that he had offended
her, he was hartely sory, and did in all humblenes beseeche
her p~don. But touchinge the consultation at Drewery house,
many thinges were indeede p~pounded but nothinge resolved,
all beinge lefte in the ende to the E. of Essex himself. But
(q=th= he) put the case as yo=u= wold haue it, that it was      #
advised both
to attempt the Courte and Towre att once, neither of the two
was done: how can it then be made treason? It is true we did
consult at Drewry house, about securinge the E. of Essex his
access free from impeachm=t= and that for noe other end, but to
p~strate o=r= selves at her mat=e's= ffeete, humblie            #
submittinge o=r= selves
to her m=er=cye, and laying forth our greifes to her self,      #
whereof
we thought she had noe true informacon from others. this was
the end of o=r= meetinge, and not w=th= any treasonable         #
thought of
my p~te. I take god to record, and (q=th= he) I desire the      #
opinion
of the Judges, whether one thinge consulted vppon and an other
executed be Treason, ffor we talkte of goinge to the Courte,    #
the
Towre allso was talked vppon, but the counsell was reiected,
and this yo=u= will haue to be treason. ffor my p~te I knewe
nothinge in the morninge when I came to Essex house of o=r=
goinge into London. when I was in London I hard not the
p~clamacon, I was not neare by the lengthe of the streete. Let
my Lo. Burleigh speake (I knowe him hon=or=able) whether he
sawe me in London or not. I never drewe my sword all the
daye. I am charged to carry a pistoll: I had none when I went
owte. when I came into London I sawe one havinge a pistoll. 
I desired it of him and had it. But it had never a stone nor    #
cold
it have hurte a flye. At my retorne into Essex house I did      #
there
what I could to hind=er= the shootinge, and for that ende sent  #
Capt.
White about the house. ffrom this kinde of behavio=r= can be
gathered noe thoughtes of Treason, and therefore I beseech      #
yo=u=
my Lordes, to censure me not accordinge to the letter of the
<P 12>
Lawe but as in yo=r= trewe consciences yo=u= are p~swaded of    #
me,
And in that I was to[{o{] farr carryed w=th= love to my Lo. of  #
Essex
I confesse to haue offended, that before rehersed beinge the
onely drift and scope of my purpose in this busines. Hereto
M=r= Attorney replyed y=t= it was (\palliata Conclusio\) . Is   #
this (q=th= he)
not Treason to force the Queene in her owne house, to sett
guardes at her gates in her Chambers and all p~tes of house, to
thintent that havinge her in yo=r= power yo=u= mighte doe what  #
yo=u=
listed. Good M=r= Attorney (q=th= the E. of South:) let, let    #
me aske
yo=u= what yo=u= thinke in yo=r= conscience, we wold haue done  #
w=th=
the Queene yf we had gayned the Courte. I p~test vppon my
soule and conscience (q=th= M=r= Attorney) I do beleeve she     #
shold
not have longe lived after she had bene in yo=r= power. Note    #
but
the p~sidentes of former ages, how longe lived Rich. the 2.     #
afte=r=
he was surprised in the same manner. the p=re=tence was alike,  #
for
removinge of c=er=taine counsellor=es=, but it shortely after   #
cost him his
lyfe. such is the vnquenchable thirst of Ambition, w=ch= never
can be satisfied so longe as any greatnes is left vnatchived.   #
but
know this for certaine, that to make the Courte or Tower a
defence for private enemyes is playne Treason. The E. of South:
replied that the Towre was reiected as a matter of ridiculous   #
to be
thought vppon: neither was it ment to fortifie at courte, but
onely to cast them selves at her Ma=te's= feete. The Judges     #
were
required theire sev~rall opinions for the Question before       #
p~pounded
by the E. of South: who argued it sev~ally, and agreed that it
was Treason. My Lo. Admyrall desired to be resolved whether
the instructions for a consultacon to be had at Drewry house
were under the E. of Essex owne hands: Then was p~duced
and redd in Courte the examinacon of S=r= Charles Davers to     #
this
effect, that the Earle of Essex deliberated before Christmas,   #
to
secure his accesse to her Ma=tie= from possibility of           #
resistance, to
posses himselfe of the Courte, the p~iect of the Earle of       #
Essex,
his owne hand, to surprise the Capt. of the guard, the Courte
beinge taken to send to satisfye the Cittye, to call a          #
p~liam=t=, and
to bringe his enemyes to an honorable tryall: That he wished
<P 13>
the E. to flye w=th= 2 or 3 gent. and for his owne goinge to    #
the
consultacon at Drewrie house, he was drawne there vnto, by the
love he bare to the E. of South: to whome he ought his lyfe.
he confesseth that he advised to seize the halbertes in the     #
Guarde
Chamber, w=ch= done they shold w=th= ease enoughe posses that   #
place,
beinge p~swaded to fynde many indifferent havinge bene the E.
of Essex his s~vantes in tymes past. Then was red the Ex. of    #
S=r=
Christ. Blunt, to this effect, At the first his wounde hindred  #
him,
but p~mised that when he was able to speake he wold tell all
trewlye, And beinge then Ex. before my Lo. Admyrall and M=r=
Secretarie, he confessed the p~iecte to be as hath bene before
described. he affirmed that the E. of Essex had a purpose to    #
alter
the gou~m=t=, and in communicacon w=th= him, the E. said that   #
he
liked not that any man shold be troubled for Religion, That the
E. sent Wiseman to his wife w=th= a letter of Complaint into    #
the
Countrye, requestinge him allso to come to London the xx=th= of
Januarye accordinge to appointm=t=. The E. of Essex answered,
yo=u= p~duce heere Ex. of wittnesses against me, they are in    #
like
state as I am, they speake like men desirous to live, they      #
testifye
against me. What reward doe they hope for? Lyfe. I wish
that w=ch= they speake may purchase that vnto them. ffor I      #
never
ment to Endaunger any of theire lives, howsoever I speede this
daye. it is to me a thinge indifferent. I am not in Love w=th=
my Lyfe, nor have bene a longe tyme. I could haue bene          #
contented
to haue dyed in my house when I was besett: But I
thancke Allmightie God, that he hath reserved me to this daye's
tryall: But I was driven to this hazard by those that have the
Queene's care and doe abuse it, inforcinge againste me many
vntruthes, w=ch= knowinge I choose rather to hazard her         #
Ma=te's=
mercy: then to abide the daungerous courses that shold run
against me. Beinge demaunded who were those p~sonnes at w=ch=
he cheiflye aymed, he answered M=r= Secretarie Cecill, the Lo.
Cobhm~ and S=r= Walt=er= Raleighe, against whome he had iust
cause of exceptons, as wold haue diverted her Ma=te's= favor    #
from
them. ffor the matter of his goinge into London, he knewe not
<P 14>
th'int=er=p=r~=tacon of the same, but his owne harte he knewe   #
to be
cleare of the leaste stayne of disloyaltie to his sou~aigne.    #
The
Lo. Cobhm~ arose and excused himself of any mallice to the E.
and p~tested to have onely dislyked his ambitious courses,      #
w=ch=
could not but breede daunger to the State, in w=ch= respect he
ought to hind=er= there growthe. The Lo. Steward cut of[{f{]    #
his
speeche, affirmyng that the matter alledged by the E. was
imp~tinent, and willed them to p~ceede to the Judgm=t= that was
in hand. The E. of Essex not w=th=standinge replied that in his
opinyon he was not alone, but he was fortified by the opinion   #
of
honorable p~sons. Then M=r= Bacon spake to this effect: I
expected not (q=th= he) that the matter of defence shold have   #
bene
alledged for excuse, therefore I must allter my speeche from    #
that
I entended. To Rebell in Defence, is a matter not hard of;
in case of Murder, defence is a good Plea, but in this case, to
doe all that was done that daye, and then to goe abowte to
blamich it, I cannot allowe: I speake not nowe to simple men,
I speake to them that can drawe p~se owte of the nature of the
thinges themselves. It is knowne by bookes, by experience and
by common talke, that noe Lawfull intendimt=es= are bent
directlie againste the Prince, but there is a walteringe of     #
gou~m=tes=
(as the phrase is in Scottland). thes goe noe way but by
p~ticular Iniuries. My Lo=rs=, I cannot resemble yo=r=          #
p~ceedinges
more rightlie then to y=t= of Pisistratus in Athens, who        #
launched
himself to th'intent that by the sighte of bleedinge woundes,   #
the
people might beleve he was set vppon: Yo=r= Lop. gave owte
that yo=r= lyfe was soughte by the Lo. Cobham and S=r= Wa. Ra:
and carried allwayes such a shewe of religion in yo=u= that     #
mens
eyes were not able throughe suche a myste to behould the
deceipte. But yo=u= imprisonne the Counsell: what reference
hath that facte to my Lo. Cobhm~ or the rest. yo=u= alledged    #
the
matter to have resolved vppon on the soddaine. No, yo=u= weare
three monthes in deliberacon. My Lo. descend into yo=r= self,
and strip yo=u= of excuse: the p~ties yo=u= shott att (yf       #
yo=u= could
haue rightly vnd=er=stood) were yo=r= best ffreindes. here the  #
E. of
<P 15>
Essex interrupted him and sayde, that the speeche of M=r=       #
Bacon,
gave him occasion to alledge him selfe against him selfe. ffor
(saith he) M=r= Bacon beinge a daylie Courtier, and havinge     #
accesse
to her Ma=tie= vnd=er=tooke to goe to the Queene in my behalf,  #
and
for that ende drue a letter very artificiallye, w=ch= was       #
subscribed
w=th= my name, allso another letter was drawne, to occasion     #
that
letter, w=ch= other came from his brother M=r= Anthony Bacon,   #
both
w=ch= he shold shewe the Queene. Gosnole broughte me both the
letters, and in my letter he did pleade for me, as feelingly    #
against
those enemyes and pointed them owt as plainely as was possible.
M=r= Bacon answered that thes digressions were not fitt,
neither wold be suffered, but that the hono=r= and patience of
this assemblie was greate: he confessethe [{he{] had spent more
howeres to make him a good s~vante to her Ma=tie= then ever he
des~ved. for any thinge conteyned in those letters they wold
not blushe in the clearest light. But (saithe the E.) lett it   #
be
indifferently iudged whether I had cause of greife or not,      #
when I
was informed by those of good Credditt, that an honorable,
grave, and wise Counsello=r= did with teares lament the         #
co=r=ses they
were takinge, that besides for that I spake in London, that the
(^Infanta^) of Spayne was intytled to the succession: I had     #
reason,
ffor it was tould me that M=r= Secretarye so sayde to one of    #
his
fellow Counsello=rs=, that the (^Infanta's^) tytle              #
Compativelie, was
as good as any other in the succession. Allso I sawe soe many
oppressions in the State, y=t= I was desirous to sacrifice my   #
selfe in
the redresse thereof by doinge any thinge that a Loyall         #
subiecte
mighte doe Herewith. M=r= Secretarye beinge present besought
the Lo. Steward vppon his knee to give him leave to answere the
E. of Essex, w=ch= he seemed loathe to doe as not beleevinge    #
what
the E. had taxed him w=t=hall: and the Peeres made one          #
semblance
of givinge light credditt thereunto. M=r= Secretarye began
to this effecte. My Lo. ffor witt I give yo=u= the p~eminence,  #
yo=u=
have it aboundantlie. ffor birthe I give yo=u= place. I am not
noble, yet I am a gent: neither am I a sword man. Yo=u= haue
therefore the oddes of me. Butt I have inocencye to p~tect me
<P 16>
from yo=r= malicious slander, and I stand here in the p~son of  #
an
honest man: yo=u= there in the p~son of a Trayto=r=. Wherefore  #
I
do here challenge yo=u= yf yo=u= dare, to name vnto this        #
honorable
assembley, that Counsell=r= to whome I shold speake those       #
wordes.
The E. replyed w=th= a kynde of frowne to be dared, that they   #
all
knewe he had not named one man, that daye for an other,
neyther wold he. Then (q=th= M=r= Secret:) it must be beleeved  #
to
be a ficcon. No (q=th= the Earle) it is not, for the noble man  #
that
standeth by me hard it: and it was told ioyntile to vs both.
Then M=r= Secretary said to the E. of South: in effecte, as
followeth, if it be so then, my Lo. I coniure yo=u= by all the  #
love
and frendshipp that hath bene betwixte vs, and as yo=u= are a
Christian: by the hono=r= of yo=r= name and howse and           #
whatsoever
else yo=u= hold honorable, as I p~test I holde yo=u= severed    #
from him
in impudencye, that yo=u= name here the Counsell=r= to whome I
shold speake it. The E. of South: answered, that he referred
himself to that honorable Courte, whither it were fytt for hym,
in the case he nowe stoode, to name him. I refer me (q=th= he)  #
to
yo=r= self S=r=, and if you will say vppon yo=r= hono=r= y=t=   #
it were fitt I
did name him, I will. I p~test (q=th= M=r= Secret:) before you  #
and
heaven, that yow should [{do{] yo=r= Prince and Countrye a most
acceptable s~vice, for I were a verie vnworthye man to hold     #
that
place I doe in the State if I were to be touched in that sorte.
Then the Earle of South: named S=r= Willm. Knolles to be
the Counsello=r= to whome he shold so speake. Then (M=r=        #
Secret:)
vppon his knee besoughte the Lo. Steward that S=r= Willm
Knollis might be sent for, w=ch= was graunted. And M=r=         #
Secretarie
p~ceeded in an open p~testacon, that he never hated the p~son   #
of
the E. but his ymodderate aspiring. That he had told the
Queene since my Lo. restreinte at my Lo. Keep=r=, y=t= he       #
hoped y=t=
this late affliccon wold fitt hym to her Ma=tes= service, and   #
did but
attend a fitt tyme, to move her Ma=tie= to call him agayne to   #
the
Courte. Then the Q. Counsell p~ceeded to the Evidence,
obiectinge to the E. of Essex his cold hipocrisie, for as much  #
as
havinge in his house contynuall preachinge, he yet was          #
contented
<P 17>
to S=r= Christ. Blunt: to p~mise a tolleracon of Religion. To   #
that
the E. answered, y=t= he knewe S=r= Christ. Blunt to be a       #
(^Papist^)
and had often sought his con~ion and (q=th= he) beinge in       #
speeche
together aboute those matters, oh (q=th= S=r= Chr. Blunt), my   #
Lo. you
are in passion against those of my p~fession: whereunto I       #
answered,
did you never knowe y=t= at such tyme as I had power in the
State, I was willinge noe man shold be trobled for his          #
conscience.
the E. of South: besought leave to speake, and spake to this
effecte. I was ignorant (q=th= he) of the Lawes, therefore      #
mighte
easely transgress the bondes thereof. The first and onely       #
motive
that [{led to{] my stirr w=th= my Lo. was my love to my Lord,   #
tyed vnto
him both by the bondes of Allegiance and his manifold des~tes
towardes me. In respect whereof I was content to indure w=th=
him the utmost hazard: for I sawe his case verie desp~ate for
fav=or= & therefore I consulted w=th= others to steere his      #
passage to
her Ma=tie=. I p~test before allmightie God for noe other end   #
then
to p~strate o=r= selves at her ffeete, wherein was never        #
mencon made
of sheddinge one drop of blood, And if in this my affection, I
have bene transported beyond the Limittes of the Lawe, and
that her highenes is displeased therew=th=, I doe in all        #
humblenes
crave her p~don and mercye, wherein I will never dispaire. I
hope her Ma=tie=, beinge Gode's Leivetenante vppon earthe, will
imytate him in Lookinge to the Earle and not condemne me for
that, wherein onely through ignoraunce of her Lawes I have
offended. heere M=r= Secre: beinge moved w=th= a deepe touche   #
of
ymputacon layde vppon hym by the Lo. of Essex, humbly desired
leave to move the Courte, w=ch= graunted, he spake as           #
followeth.
S=r= Willm. Knollis (q=th= he) is sent for. I knowe not by what
messenger, neither whether he will come or not. I therefore
beseech yo=r= grace y=t= some sure gent. may be sent as hath    #
free
access to her Ma=te's= p~son, and y=t= may p~sent vnto her my   #
humble
desire that it wold please her to comaunde him to come, and in
my opinion this gent. that standes here, M=r= Knyvett, a gent.  #
of
her Ma=te's= preivy Chamber, were a verie meete man. The Lo.
Steward, [{and{] the 7 Peeres consented. then M=r= Secretarie   #
turned
<P 18>
his speeche to M=r= Knyvett to this effecte. M=r= Knivet goe    #
and
deliver faithfullie this messuage to her Ma=tie= & I further    #
coniure
yo=u= as yo=u= are a gent. and do tend=r= yo=r= reputacon, by   #
all o=r= Love
and by y=o= dutye yo=u= owe to o=r= Sou~aigne and Conterye,     #
that yo=u=
add this further from me to her Ma=tie=, That if either owt of  #
want
of care of me, or content to her self, she shall deny to send   #
him, I
doe here vowe vppon my salvacon, that I will never s~ve her as  #
a
Counsello=r= or Secretarie, but will live and dye her subiect   #
and
vassaile. I pray you forgett not to deliver it w=th= this       #
p~viso, that
I will dye her vassayle and subiect. Then they p~ceeded againe
to the Evidence. And it was demaunded by M=r= Attorney of
the Judges to resolve the Courte whether to offer by force to
remove anye of her Ma=te's= Counsell be Treason or not? And it
was answered to be treason. Allso, whether for a subiecte to
make his passage to the presence of his prince by force vppon
her Courte or Counsell were Treason, or not? It was likewise
adiudged treason. Then it was vrged by M=r= Attorney, that
it was playne, that force was vsed, for foure of the Queene's
subiectes were slayne, allso the attempt of the Courte was
resolved at Drewry house. Whereto the E. of South: replyed,
That the resolucon was not testified by S=r= Charles Davers. No
(q=th= M=r= Attorney). But S=r= John Davis witnesseth a plain   #
resolucon,
wherevppon was redd the examinacon of S=r= John Davies, to
that effect, and in the rest agreeinge w=th= the others. Then   #
the Lo.
Admirall stoode vp and tooke witnesse of the Lo=res= there      #
present
that there was noe losse of men till seven of the Clocke, on    #
the Sondaye,
at w=ch= tyme they vnd=er~=stoode at Courte howe thinges passed
at Essex house, And therefore it was not likelye the E. of      #
Essex
shold stir vp any such doubte. The E. of Essex w=th= p~testacon
that not to save his owne lyfe, w=ch= he cared not for, but to
deliver a trouth, for theire sakes that were ingaged w=th= him,
Affirmed againe that he was twice informed of a force levied,
and for the matter of force obiected in killinge the Q=ues=     #
subiectes,
he p~tested it was much against his mynde. And that the bloode
of his Count=er=ye men was verie deare vnto him. Neither (sayd
<P 19>
he) did I ever drawe my sworde, till I was charged at Ludgate,
where I was shott twice in the hatt. I was told my Lo. of
Cumberland was there. I desired to speake w=th= him and to
make my self be vnd=er~=stoode of him. And for that end willed
the Company that was w=th= me to stay. Then was S=r= John
Luson deposed, to whome was comitted the charge of Ludgate,
that no messuage came to him from the E. after the first shott,
w=th= many other circumstances of the E. behavio=r=, of the     #
killinge
of the waytes there &=c=. In this meane while S=r= W=m=         #
Knollis was
come. And there in open courte did release M=r= Secretarye of
the speeches, and to put the matter quite owte of doubte, he    #
said
that there was a sedicous booke sett out, vnder the name of one
Dallman, w=ch= very corruptly disputed the tytle of the         #
succession,
derivinge it as Lawfull vppon the (^Infanta^) , as any other.
And M=r= Secretarye and he beinge in talke aboute that booke,
M=r= Secret: spake to this effecte, Is it not a straunge        #
impudency
in that Dallman to give equall righte in the succession of      #
England,
to the Infanta as to any other. herevppon (q=th= M=r=
Comptroller) was grownded the sclaunder of M=r= Secretarye,
whereof he is as cleare as any man here p~sent. The Earle of
Essex replied, that it was tould them in an other sence. noe my
Lo. (q=th= M=r= Secretarye) yo=r= Lo. owt of yo=r= mallice to   #
me desires
to make me odious, and of yo=r= mallice haue noe other ground,
then the breath betwene vs of the peace w=th= Spayne, w=ch= I
labored for the good and quyett of my Countrye, as for my
affection to advaunce a Spanyshe tytle to England, I am so far
from y=t=, that I hate to think of it. And I pray god to        #
consume
me where I stande, If I doe not hate the Spanyard as much as
any man lyvinge. But w=th= yo=u= it hath ever bene a            #
(^Maxime^) , to
pr~fer warr before peace, in respecte of the consequence to     #
yo=r=
followers, and dependers. Divers other speeches passed betweene
them, w=ch= I remember not. Then they p~ceeded agayne to the
matter, And there were red the Examinacons of the E. of         #
Rutland,
Lo. Cromwell and Lo. Sandes. The E. of Rutlandes was
to this effecte That he came to Essex house one the Sonday
<P 20>
morninge and it was then told him that the E. of Essex lyfe was
soughte by the Lo. Cobh~m and S=r= Wa. Ra: that the E. of Essex
told him that the Cittye stoode for hym, and that Sheriffe
Smithe had p~mised to rayse him as many men as he could.
That in London the E. of Essex made a speeche to the Townesmen,
and in the end thereof told them, that they shold arme
them, for that the Kingdome was offered to be sold to the
Infanta. And said, they did him harme in comynge forthe
naked. The E. of Essex interrupted the Clerk of the Crowne,
beseechinge the Peeres, to note the weaknes of the E. of        #
Rutlandes
tale, who named neither tyme not place and w=t=hall
p~tested that he sent for noe man. Then was alledged, that he
wrought for the E. of Sussex vnder p~tence to come and meete
w=th= a number of his ffreindes (as the E. himselfe there       #
p~sent
confessed). The E. of Essex answered, that he had a desire to
satisfye all the honorable spirittes of England (in w=ch=       #
number he
tooke his Lo=p=) that the messuage to the Lo. Mayor was either  #
to
come or to send to Sheriffe Smithe's, into whose handes they
wold put themselves, to be cutt in peeces, if they shold        #
attempt
any thinge vnlawfullie. And make me (q=th= he) as wicked as     #
owte
of any hum=r= of yo=r= harte yo=u= wold make me, yet yo=u=      #
shall not
make me absurd to goe into the Cittye after such a fashion as
yo=u= describe yf I had not apprehended an ymminent daunger.
Then was farther vrged, that the E. of Rutland had confessed
that the E. of Essex was spurred forwards by the E. of South:
(who whispered him in the eare) It was allso obiected to the E.
of South: by M=r= Attorney that he was a (^Papist^) : and had   #
had
conversation w=th= Preistes: whereto the E. of South: answered
that for the first matter, the E. of Rutland might mistake,
affirmynge that he onely wished my Lo. of Essex to goe vp into
a chamber: And for the last it was very uniustly vrged, for he
tooke vppon his salvacon that he never knewe Preiste, but only
one Wright, and w=th= hym he never conversed in all his Lyfe,   #
and
yf it could be otherwise p~ved he desired to dye. The Lo.       #
Cromwell's
Ex. was he knewe nothinge tyll Sunday morninge,
<P 21>
when seeinge the E. of E. pass by his lodginge in ffleete       #
streete,
he followed hym into London. he hard the E. of Essex cry for
all yo=r= good my maisters, that the Realme shold be soldd      #
&=c=.
Nay my Lo. (q=th= M=r= Attorney) howsoever yo=u= goe aboute to
cloake matters, and to make a p~tence of an innocente harte,
these Deposicons of men of yo=r= owne companye admytt noe       #
contradiction:
And I wond=er= not at yo=r= denyall, for yo=u= will appeare
to be of all religions, one while Papist, an other while        #
a Puritaine,
and that but to gayne vnto yo=r= selfe all sortes of people.    #
It will
allso be p~ved that yo=u= have practized w=th= Tyrone: To that  #
the
E. answered he could not p~ve it: he defyed all the world for   #
y=t=
matter. Yes (q=th= M=r= Attorney) yo=u= sent Lea to him as he   #
hath
confessed. The Earle againe denied it, affirminge that it was   #
far
from him to trust Lea in such a busines. yes (q=th= M=r=        #
Attorney)
and it shall appeare, that Lea had direction from you to        #
attempt
the Queene, for the w=ch= he was executed as a Trayto=r= the    #
other
daye. The E. answered that he never sett him a worke, nor
never heard that he was apprehended till M=r= Warburton told it
him. And to the former obiection of M=r= Attorneye touchinge
his relligion, he p~tested that he never was sectarie, and then
excused himself of havinge delte against the Bishops: havinge
beene in his younge tyme ledd theretoe by some hott spirittes,
w=ch= since are growne to a better temper. And for Papistrie,   #
he
doubted not but all the worlde wold cleare him from that        #
ymputacon.
The Lo. Sandes his Examinacon was redd to this effecte,
vz. that he came to Essex house aboute vi. a clocke in the      #
morninge,
And went w=th= the E. of Essex to Sheriffe Smithe's house,
and stayde w=t=houte till he was sent for in by the Earle.      #
where
the E. told him he wold go backe to his house, for there was a
blacke bagg that shold tell noe tayles. wherevppon M=r=         #
Attorneye
tooke occasion to speake: That yf that black bagge could
have bene lighte vppon, there wold haue bene found much good
stuffe. ffor (q=th= he) Bothe S=r= John Davies and S=r=         #
Charles Davers
doe depose that yo=u= said vnto them that black bagg could tell
that yo=u= were betrayed in London. W=ch= allso is witnessed by
<P 22>
Bussell, who was very forward w=th= yo=u=. But yo=u= were       #
confident
in London, havinge beene p~swaded by yo=r= sicophantes that all
the Cittie was of yo=r= p~te and in yo=r= pride and             #
overweeninge of
theire p~takinge, yow contemned the Q=ne's= Royall authoritye,  #
her
herraldes wold not be harkened vnto. To this the E. of Essex
replyed, as for Bussell, he was never inward w=th= him, he was
his servante and wayted one hym att his table, and that was all
the greatnes. And for the herralde, he beleved not that he had
authoritye to doe that he did, beinge a man of noted            #
dishonestie,
and was burnt in the hand: I never (q=th= the E.) conferred nor
attempted any thinge but to th'ende to serve my Countrie and
sou~aigne, by makinge her Ma=tie= vnd=e~=stand vs, w=ch= we     #
cold not
doe for the potencye of o=r= enemyes, that were aboute her. And
therefore I do laye a charge vppon yo=u= all my Lo. and those
that be hearers that notw=t=hstandinge all Eloquence vsed to    #
make
me seeme a Trayto=r=, a Papiste, a Sectarie and an Atheiste,    #
and
to haue vsurped the Crowne, yo=u= will yet witnes w=th= me and  #
so I
doubte not but to manifest, by goinge w=th= a courage and       #
cherefully
vnto my death, that I dye a good Christian, and never
soughte to exceede the degree of a subiecte: howsoever I have
bene delte w=t=hall. I euere soughte to appease all humo=r= of
revenge, and for confirmacon thereof was resolved to receave    #
the
Sacram=t= till the attempt vppon the E. of South. I am far from
Atheisme, and doe desire to dye as a Christian and an Earle,
that haue faithfullie s~ved my Prince and Countrye, whatsoever
others have testified, out of the weaknes of theire hartes      #
against
me, or to seeme to haue said enoughe I desire it may not lye
heavye vppon me. I never thoughte of a p~liam=t=. Then M=r=
Attorney told him that it was not possible but his purpose must
be to sett the Crowne vppon his owne heade: ffor (q=th= he)     #
yo=u=
drewe manye Earles, Barons and gent: of greate houses into the
busines w=th= yo=u=. howe shall it be though=t= yo=u= could     #
haue
rewarded them owte of yo=r= maymed estate. The E. answered
noe other waye then vppon o=r= knees to her Ma=tie=. Then M=r=
Bacon spake to this effect. I doubte the varietie of the        #
matter,
<P 23>
and digressions haue sev=er~=ed the Judgm=t= of the Lo: And     #
therefore
I hold it necessarie to recyte the Judges opinyons. That
done he p~ceeded to this effecte. Nowe put case (q=th= he) the  #
E.
of Essex intent were as he wold have it beleeved, to goe as a
Sup=lt= to her Ma=tie=, yet shall their peticons be armed       #
peticons, w=ch=
allwayes p~cede losse of libertie to the Prince. Neither is it  #
a
nyce poynt of Lawe (as my Lo. of South: wold have it beleved)
that condemnes them of treason. But even Comon sence to
Consulte to execute and run together in numbers, in these       #
doblettes
and hose, armed w=th= weapons, what can be the excuse?
Warned by the Lo. Keep: by a herrald, and yet p~sist, Will any
simple man take this for les then Treason?



<B CETRI2B>
<Q E2 XX TRI RALEIGH>
<N TRIAL RALEIGH>
<A X>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PROC TRIAL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SPEECH-BASED>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE TRIAL OF SIR WALTER RALEIGH.
A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF STATE-TRIALS
AND PROCEEDINGS FOR HIGH-TREASON,
AND OTHER CRIMES AND MISDEMEANOURS;
FROM THE REIGN OF KING RICHARD II.
TO THE END OF THE REIGN OF KING GEORGE I.
SECOND EDITION, VOLS. I AND IV.
ED. F. HARGRAVE.
LONDON: PRINTED FOR J. WALTHOE SEN. ETC., 1730.
I, PP. 207.C2.42 - 210.C2.71   (SAMPLE 1)
I, PP. 212.C2.1  - 216.C2.13   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,207.C2>
   Now I come to your Charge, you of the Jury:
The Greatness of Treason is to be considered in
these two things, (\Determinatione finis\) , and (\Electione
mediorum\) . This Treason excelleth in both, for
that it was to destroy the King and his Progeny.
These Treasons are said to be (\Crimen laesae Majestatis\) ;
this goeth further, and may be term'd, (\Crimen extirpandae
Regiae Majestatis, & totius Progeniei suae\) . I
shall not need, my Lords, to speak any thing concerning
the King, nor of the Bounty and Sweetness
of his Nature, whose Thoughts are innocent,
whose Words are full of Wisdom and Learning,
and whose Works are full of Honour; although it
be a true Saying, (\Nunquam nimis quod nunquam
satis\) . But to whom do you bear Malice? to the
Children?
(^Raleigh.^) To whom speak you this? You tell me
News I never heard of.
(^Attorney.^) Oh Sir, do I? I will prove you the
notoriousest Traitor that ever came to the Bar.
After you have taken away the King, you would
alter Religion: as you, Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) , have
followed them of the Bye in Imitation; for I will
charge you with the Words.
(^Raleigh.^) Your Words cannot condemn me; my
Innocency is my Defence. Prove one of these
things wherewith you have charg'd me, and I will
confess the whole Indictment, and that I am the
horriblest Traitor that ever lived, and worthy to
be crucified with a thousand thousand Torments.
<P I,208.C1>
(^Attorney.^) Nay, I will prove all: Thou art a
Monster; thou hast an (^English^) Face, but a (^Spanish^)
Heart. Now you must have Money: (^Aremberg^)
was no sooner in (^England^) (I charge thee (^Raleigh^) )
but thou incitedst (^Cobham^) to go unto him, and to
deal with him for Money, to bestow on discontented
Persons, to raise Rebellion on the Kingdom.
(^Raleigh.^) Let me answer for my self.
(^Attorney.^) Thou shalt not.
(^Raleigh.^) It concerneth my Life.
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) , Mr. Attorney
is but yet in the General; but when the King's
Counsel have given the Evidence wholly, you shall
answer every Particular.
(^Attorney.^) Oh! do I touch you?
(^Lord Cecil.^) Mr. Attorney, when you have done
with this General Charge, do you not mean to
let him answer every Particular?
(^Attorney.^) Yes, when we deliver the Proofs to be
read. (^Raleigh^) procured (^Cobham^) to go to (^Aremberg^) ;
which he did by his Instigation: (^Raleigh^) supped
with (^Cobham^) before he went to (^Aremberg^) ; after
Supper, (^Raleigh^) conducted him to (^Durham-House^) ;
from whence (^Cobham^) went with (^Lawrency^) , a Servant
of (^Aremberg's^) , unto him, and went in by a
Back-way. (^Cobham^) could never be quiet until he
had entertained this Motion, for he had four Letters
from (^Raleigh^) . (^Aremberg^) answer'd, The Money
should be performed, but knew not to whom
it should be distributed. Then (^Cobham^) and (^Lawrency^)
came back to (^Durham-House^) , where they
found (^Raleigh^) . (^Cobham^) and (^Raleigh^) went up, and
left (^Lawrency^) below, where they had secret Conference
in a Gallery; and after, (^Cobham^) and (^Lawrency^)
departed from (^Raleigh^) . Your Jargon was
Peace: What is that? (^Spanish^) Invasion, (^Scotish^)
Subversion. And again, you are not a fit Man
to take so much Money for procuring of a lawful
Peace, for Peace procured by Money is dishonourable.
Then (^Cobham^) must go to (^Spain^) , and
return by (^Jersey^) , where you were Captain: And
then, because (^Cobham^) had not so much Policy, or
at least Wickedness, as you, he must have your
Advice for the distribution of the Money. Would
you have deposed so good a King, lineally descended
of (^Elizabeth^) , eldest Daughter of (^Edward^)
IV? Why then must you set up another? I think
you meant to make (^Arabella^) a Titular Queen, of
whose Title I will speak nothing; but sure you
meant to make her a Stale. Ah! good Lady,
you could mean her no Good.
(^Raleigh.^) You tell me News, Mr. (^Attorney^) .
(^Attorney.^) Oh Sir! I am the more large, because
I know with whom I deal: For we have to deal
to-day with a Man of Wit.
(^Raleigh.^) Did I ever speak with this Lady?
(^Attorney.^) I will track you out before I have done.
(^Englishmen^) will not be led by persuasion of Words,
but they must have Books to persuade.
(^Raleigh.^) The Book was written by a Man of
your Profession, Mr. (^Attorney^) .
(^Attorney.^) I would not have you impatient.
(^Raleigh.^) Methinks you fall out with your self;
I say nothing.
(^Attorney.^) By this Book you would persuade Men,
that he is not the lawful King. Now let us consider
some Circumstances: My Lords, you know
my Lord (^Cobham^) (for whom we all lament and rejoice;
lament in that his House, which hath
stood so long unspotted, is now ruinated; rejoice,
in that his Treasons are reveal'd:) he is neither
<P I,208.C2>
Politician nor Sword-man; (^Raleigh^) was both, united
in the Cause with him, and therefore Cause
of his Destruction. Another Circumstance is, the
secret Contriving of it. (^Humphry Stafford^) claimed
Sanctuary for Treason. (^Raleigh^) , in his (^Macchivelian^)
Policy, hath made a Sanctuary for Treason. He
must talk with none but (^Cobham^) ; because, saith he,
one Witness can never condemn me. For (^Brook^)
said unto Sir (^Griffith Markham, Take heed how you
do make my Lord^) Cobham (^acquainted^) ; (^for whatsoever
he knoweth^) , Raleigh (^the Witch will get it out
of him^) . As soon as (^Raleigh^) was examined on one
point of Treason concerning my Lord (^Cobham^) , he
wrote to him thus; (^I have been examined of you,
and confessed nothing^) . Further, you sent to him by
your trusty (^Francis Kemish^) , that one Witness could
not condemn; and therefore bade his Lordship be
of good Courage. Came this out of (^Cobham's^)
Quiver? No: but out of (^Raleigh's Macchivelian^)
and devilish Policy. Yea, but (^Cobham^) did retract
it; why then did ye urge it? Now then see the
most horrible Practices that ever came out of the
bottomless Pit of the lowest Hell. After that
(^Raleigh^) had Intelligence that (^Cobham^) had accused
him, he endeavour'd to have Intelligence from (^Cobham^) ,
which he had gotten by young Sir (^John
Payton^) : But I think it was the Error of his
Youth.
(^Raleigh.^) The Lords told it me, or else I had
not been sent to the (^Tower^) .
(^Attorney.^) Thus (^Cobham^) , by the Instigation of
(^Raleigh^) , enter'd into these Actions: So that the
question will be, Whether you are not the principal
Traitor, and he would nevertheless have
enter'd into it? Why did (^Cobham^) retract all that
same? First, Because (^Raleigh^) was so odious, he
thought he should fare the worse for his sake.
Secondly, He thought thus with himself, If he be
free, I shall clear my self the better. After this,
(^Cobham^) asked for a Preacher to confer with, pretending
to have Dr. (^Andrews^) ; but indeed he
meant not to have him, but Mr. (^Galloway^) ; a
worthy and reverend Preacher, who can do more
with the King (as he said) than any other; that
he, seeing his constant Denial, might inform the
King thereof. Here he plays with the Preacher.
If (^Raleigh^) could persuade the Lords, that (^Cobham^)
had no intent to travel, then he thought all
should be well. Here is Forgery! In the (^Tower^)
(^Cobham^) must write to Sir (^Thomas Vane^) , a worthy
Man, that he meant not to go into (^Spain:^) which
Letter (^Raleigh^) devised in (^Cobham's^) Name.
(^Raleigh.^) I will wash my hands of the Indictment,
and die a true Man to the King.
(^Attorney.^) You are the absolutest Traitor that
ever was.
(^Raleigh.^) Your Phrases will not prove it, Mr.
(^Attorney^) .
(^Attorney.^) (^Cobham^) writeth a Letter to my Lord
(^Cecil^) , and doth will (^Mellis's^) Man to lay it in a
(^Spanish^) Bible, and to make as tho he found it by
chance. This was after he had Intelligence with
this Viper, that he was false.
(^Lord Cecil.^) You mean a Letter intended to me;
I never had it.
(^Attorney.^) No, my Lord, you had it not. You,
my Masters of the Jury, respect not the Wickedness
and Hatred of the Man, respect his Cause:
if he be guilty, I know you will have care of it,
for the Preservation of the King, the Continuance
of the Gospel authorized, and the Good of
us all.
<P I,209.C1>
(^Raleigh.^) I do not hear yet, that you have spoken
one word against me; here is no Treason of
mine done: If my Lord (^Cabham^) be a Traitor,
what is that to me?
(^Attorney.^) All that he did was by thy Instigation,
thou Viper; for I (^thou^) thee, thou Traitor.
(^Raleigh.^) It becometh not a Man of Quality and
Virtue, to call me so: But I take comfort in it,
it is all you can do.
(^Attorney.^) Have I anger'd you?
(^Raleigh.^) I am in no case to be angry.
(^C. J. Popham.^) Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) , Mr. Attorney
speaketh out of the Zeal of his Duty, for the
Service of the King, and you for your Life; be
valiant on both sides.

Now they proceed to the Reading the Proofs.

[}THE LORD COBHAM'S EXAMINATION READ.}]

   He confesseth, he had a Pass-port to go into
(^Spain^) , intending to go to the Archduke, to confer
with him about these Practices; and because he
knew the Archduke had not Money to pay his
own Army, from thence he meant to go to (^Spain^) ,
to deal with the King for the 600000 Crowns,
and to return by (^Jersey^) ; and that nothing should
be done, until he had spoken with Sir (^Walter Raleigh^)
for distribution of the Money to them which
were discontented in (^England^) . At the first beginning,
he breathed out Oaths and Exclamations
against (^Raleigh^) , calling him Villain and Traitor;
saying, he had never entred into these Courses,
but by his Instigation, and that he would never
let him alone.

Here Mr. Attorney willed the Clerk of the
Crown-Office to read over these last Words
again ( (^He would never let him alone.^) )

[}THE LORD COBHAM'S EXAMINATION.}]

   Besides he spake of Plots and Invasions; of the
Particulars whereof he could give no Account, tho
(^Raleigh^) and he had conferred of them. Further he
said, He was afraid of (^Raleigh^) , that when he should
return by (^Jersey^) , that he would have deliver'd him
and the Money to the King. Being examined of
Sir (^Arthur Gorge^) , he freed him, saying, They
never durst trust him; but Sir (^Arthur Savage^) they
intended to use, because they thought him a fit Man.
(^Raleigh.^) Let me see the Accusation: This is absolutely
all the Evidence can be brought against
me; poor Shifts! You Gentlemen of the Jury, I
pray you understand this. This is that which must
either condemn, or give me Life; which must free
me, or send my Wife and Children to beg their
Bread about the Streets: This is that must prove
me a notorious Traitor, or a true Subject to the
King. Let me see my Accusation, that I may
make my Answer.
(^Clerk of the Council.^) I did read it, and shew you
all the Examinations.
(^Raleigh.^) At my first Examination at (^Windsor^) , my
Lords asked me, what I knew of (^Cobham's^) Practice
with (^Aremberg^) , I answer'd negatively: And as
concerning (^Arabella^) , I protest before God, I never
heard one word of it. If that be proved, let me
be quilty of ten thousand Treasons. It is a strange
thing you will impute that to me, when I never
heard so much as the Name of (^Arabella Stuart^) , but
only the Name of (^Arabella^) .
<P I,209.C2>
   After being examin'd, I told my Lords, that I
thought my Lord (^Cobham^) had Conference with (^Aremberg^) ;
I suspected his visiting of him: for after
he departed from me at (^Durham-House^) , I saw him
pass by his own Stairs, and passed over to (^St. Mary
Saviours^) , where I knew (^Lawrency^) , a Merchant,
and a Follower of (^Aremberg^) , lay, and therefore
likely to go unto him. My Lord (^Cecil^) asked my
Opinion concerning (^Lawrency^) ; I said, that if you
do not apprehend (^Lawrency^) , it is dangerous, he will
fly: if you do apprehend him, you shall give my
Lord (^Cobham^) notice thereof. I was asked who
was the greatest Man with my Lord (^Cobham^) ; I
answer'd, I knew no Man so great with him, as
young (^Wyat^) of (^Kent^) .
   As soon as (^Cobham^) saw my Letter to have discover'd
his Dealing with (^Aremberg^) , in his Fury he accus'd
me; but before he came to the Stair-foot he
repented, and said he had done me wrong. When
he came to the end of his Accusation, he added,
that if he had brought this Money to (^Jersey^) , he
fear'd that I would have deliver'd him and the Money
to the King. Mr. Attorney, you said this never
came out of (^Cobham's^) Quiver; he is a simple
Man. Is he so simple? no; he hath a Disposition
of his own, he will not easily be guided by others;
but when he has once taken head in a Matter,
he is not easily drawn from it: he is no Babe. But
it is strange for me to devise with (^Cobham^) , that he
should go to (^Spain^) , to persuade the King to disburse
so much Money, he being a Man of no Love
in (^England^) , and I having resigned my room of
chiefest Command, the Wardenship of the (^Stannaries^) .
Is it not strange for me to make my self (^Robin
Hood^) , or a (^Kett^) , or a (^Cade?^) I knowing (^England^)   #
to
be in better Estate to defend it self than ever it
was. I knew (^Scotland^) united; (^Ireland^) quieted,
wherein of late our Forces were dispersed; (^Denmark^)
assured, which before was suspected. I knew,
that having lost a Lady whom Time had surpriz'd,
we had now an active King, a lawful Successor, who
would himself be present in all his Affairs. The
State of (^Spain^) was not unknown to me: I had written
a Discourse, which I had intended to present unto
the King, against Peace with (^Spain^) . I knew
the (^Spaniards^) had six Repulses; three in (^Ireland^) ,
and three at Sea, and once in 1588, at (^Cales^) , by
my Lord Admiral. I knew he was discourag'd and
dishonour'd. I knew the King of (^Spain^) to be the
proudest Prince in Christendom; but now he cometh
creeping to the King my Master for Peace.
I knew, whereas before he had in his Port six or
seven score Sail of Ships, he hath now but six or
seven. I knew of twenty five Millions he had from
his (^Indies^) , he hath scarce one left. I knew him to
be so poor, that the Jesuits in (^Spain^) , who were
wont to have such large Allowance, were fain to
beg at the Church-Door. Was it ever read or
heard, that any Prince should disburse so much
Money without a sufficient Pawn? I knew her own
Subjects, the Citizens of (^London^) , would not lend her
Majesty Money, without Lands in Mortgage. I
knew the Queen did not lend the States Money,
without (^Flushing^) , (^Brill^) , and other Towns for a
Pawn. And can it be thought, that he would let
(^Cobham^) have so great a Sum?
   I never came to the Lord (^Cobham's^) , but about
Matters of his Profit; as, the ordering of his
House, paying of his Servants Board-Wages, (^&c.^)
I had of his, when I was examin'd, four thousand
Pounds worth of Jewels for a Purchase; a Pearl of
<P I,210.C1>
three thousand Pound; and a Ring worth five hundred
Pound. If he had had a fancy to run away,
he would not have left so much to have purchas'd a
Lease in Fee-Farm. I saw him buy three hundred
Pounds worth of Books to send to his Library at
(^Canterbury^) , and a Cabinet of thirty Pound, to give
to Mr. Attorney, for drawing the Conveyances:
and God in Heaven knoweth, not I, whether he
intended to travel or no. But for that Practice with
(^Arabella^) , or Letters to (^Aremberg^) framed, or any
Discourse with him, or in what Language he spake
unto him; if I knew any of these things, I would
absolutely confess the Indictment, and acknowledge
my self worthy ten thousand Deaths.

[}COBHAM'S SECOND EXAMINATION READ.}]

   The Lord (^Cobham^) being requir'd to subscribe to
an Examination, there was shewed a Note under Sir
(^Walter Raleigh's^) hand; the which when he had
perus'd, he paus'd, and after brake forth into
these Speeches: Oh Villain! Oh Traitor! I will
now tell you all the Truth; and then said, His
Purpose was to go into (^Flanders^) , and into (^Spain^) ,
for the obtaining the aforesaid Money; and that
(^Raleigh^) had appointed to meet him in (^Jersey^) as he
return'd home, to be advised of him about the
Distribution of the Money.
(^L. C. J. Popham.^) When (^Cobham^) answer'd to the
Interrogatories, he made scruple to subscribe; and
being urg'd to it, he said, if he might hear me affirm,
that a Person of his Degree ought to set his
hand, he would: I lying then at (^Richmond^) for fear
of the Plague, was sent for, and I told he ought
to subscribe; otherwise it were a Contempt of a
high nature: then he subscribed. The Lords
question'd with him further, and he shew'd them
a Letter, as I thought written to me, but it was
indeed written to my Lord (^Cecil:^) he desired to
see the Letter again, and then said, Oh Wretch!
Oh Traitor! whereby I perceiv'd you had not perform'd
that Trust he had reposed in you.
(^Raleigh.^) He is as passionate a Man as lives; for
he hath not spared the best Friends he hath in (^England^)
in his Passion. My Lords, I take it, he that
has been examined, has ever been asked at the
time of his Examination, if it be according to his
meaning, and then to subscribe. Methinks, my
Lords, when he accuses a Man, he should give
some Account and Reason of it: It is not sufficient
to say, we talked of it. If I had been the Plotter,
would not I have given (^Cobham^) some Arguments,
whereby to persuade the King of (^Spain^) , and answer
his Objections? I knew (^Westmoreland^) and
(^Bothwell^) , Men of other Understandings than (^Cobham^) ,
were ready to beg their Bread.
(^Sir^) Tho. Fowler, (^one of the Jury.^) Did Sir (^Walter
Raleigh^) write a Letter to my Lord before he was
examined concerning him, or not?
(^Attorney.^) Yes.
(^Lord Cecil.^) I am in great dispute with my self to
speak in the Case of this Gentleman: A former
Dearness between me and him, ty'd so firm a Knot
of my Conceit of his Virtues, now broken by a
Discovery of his Imperfections. I protest, did I
serve a King that I knew would be displeased with
me for speaking, in this Case I would speak, whatever
came of it; but seeing he is compacted of
Piety and Justice, and one that will not mislike of
any Man for speaking a Truth, I will answer your
Question.
   Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) was staid by me at (^Windsor^) ,
upon the first News of (^Copley^) , that the King's Person
<P I,210.C2>
should be surprized by my Lord (^Grey^) , and Mr.
(^George Brook^) ; when I found (^Brook^) was in, I suspected
(^Cobham^) , then I doubted (^Raleigh^) to be a Partaker.
I speak not this, that it should be thought I
had greater Judgment than the rest of my Lords,
in making this haste to have them examined. (^Raleigh^)
following to (^Windsor^) , I met with him upon
the Terras, and willed him, as from the King, to
stay; saying, the Lords had something to say to
him: then he was examined, but not concerning
my Lord (^Cobham^) , but of the surprizing Treason.
My Lord (^Grey^) was apprehended, and likewise
(^Brook^) ; by (^Brook^) we found, that he had given notice
to (^Cobham^) of the surprizing Treason, as he
deliver'd it to us; but with as much sparingness of
a Brother, as he might. We sent for my Lord
(^Cobham^) to (^Richmond^) , where he stood upon his            #
Justification,
and his Quality; sometimes being froward,
he said he was not bound to subscribe,
wherewith we made the King acquainted. (^Cobham^)
said, if my Lord Chief Justice would say it were
a Contempt, he would subscribe; whereof being
resolv'd, he subscrib'd. There was a Light given
to (^Aremberg^) , that (^Lawrency^) was examined; but
that (^Raleigh^) knew that (^Cobham^) was examined, is
more than I know.
(^Raleigh.^) If my Lord (^Cobham^) had trusted me in
the Main, was not I as fit a Man to be trusted in
the Bye?
(^Lord Cecil.^) (^Raleigh^) did by his Letters acquaint us,
that my Lord (^Cobham^) had sent (^Lawrency^) to (^Aremberg^) ,
when he knew not he had any Dealings with
him.
(^Lord Hen. Howard.^) It made for you, if (^Lawrency^)
had been only acquainted with (^Cobham^) , and not
with you. But you knew his whole Estate, and
were acquainted with (^Cobham's^) Practice with (^Lawrency^) ;
and it was known to you before, that (^Lawrency^)
depended on (^Aremberg^) .
(^Attorney.^) 1. (^Raleigh^) protested against the surprizing
Treason. 2. That he knew not of the Matter
touching (^Arabella^) . I would not charge you, Sir
(^Walter^) , with a Matter of Falshood: You say you
suspected the Intelligence that (^Cobham^) had with
(^Aremberg^) by (^Lawrency^) .
(^Raleigh.^) I thought it had been no other Intelligence,
but such as might be warranted.
(^Attorney.^) Then it was but lawful Suspicion. But
to that whereas you said, that (^Cobham^) had accused
you in Passion, I answer three ways: 1. I observed
when (^Cobham^) said, Let me see the Letter
again, he paus'd; and when he did see that Count
(^Aremberg^) was touch'd, he cry'd out, Oh Traitor!
Oh Villain! now will I confess the whole Truth.
2. The Accusation of a Man on hearsay, is nothing:
Would he accuse himself on Passion, and
ruinate his Cause and Posterity, out of malice to
accuse you? 3. Could this be out of Passion?
Mark the Manner of it; (^Cobham^) had told this at
least two Months before to his Brother (^Brook, You
are Fools, you are on the Bye^) , Raleigh (^and I are on
the Main; we mean to take away the King and his
Cubs:^) this he deliver'd two Months before. So
mark the Manner and the Matter; he would not
turn the Weapon against his own Bosom, and accuse
himself to accuse you.
(^Raleigh.^) Hath (^Cobham^) confessed that?
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) This is spoken by Mr. Attorney,
to prove that (^Cobham's^) Speech came not out of
Passion.
(^Raleigh.^) Let it be proved that (^Cobham^) said so.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P I,212.C2>
(^Raleigh.^) The Attorney hath made a long Narration
of (^Copley^) , and the Priests, which concerns
me nothing, neither know I how (^Cobham^) was alter'd.
For he told me, if I would agree to further
the Peace, he would get me 8000 Crowns.
I asked him, Who shall have the rest of the Money?
He said, I will offer such a Nobleman who
was not named some of the Money. I said, he
will not be persuaded by you, and he will extremely
hate you for such a Motion. Let me be pinched
to death with hot Irons, if ever I knew there
was any Intention to bestow the Money on discontented
Persons. I had made a Discourse against
the Peace, and would have printed it: If (^Cobham^)
changed his mind, if the Priests, if (^Brook^) had any
such Intent, what is that to me? They must answer
for it. He offered me the Mony before (^Aremberg^)
came, that is difference of time.
(^Serj. Philips.^) (^Raleigh^) confesseth the matter, but
avoideth it by distinguishing of Times. You said
it was offer'd you before the coming of (^Aremberg^) ,
which is false. For you being examined whether
you should have such Money of (^Cobham^) , or not;
you said, yea, and that you should have it within
two or three days. (\Nemo moriturus praesumitur
mentiri.\)
(^Ld. Henry Howard.^) Alledge me any Ground or
Cause, wherefore you gave ear to my Lord (^Cobham^)
for receiving Pensions, in Matters you had not
to deal with.
(^Raleigh.^) Could I stop my Lord (^Cobham's^) Mouth?
(^Ld. Cecil.^) Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) presseth, that my
Lord (^Cobham^) should be brought Face to Face. If
he ask things of Favour and Grace, they must
come only from him that can give them. If we sit
here as Commissioners, how shall we be satisfied
whether he ought to be brought, unless we hear
the Judges speak?
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) This thing cannot be granted, for
then a number of Treasons should flourish: The
Accuser may be drawn by Practice, whilst he is in
Person.
(^Judge Gawdy.^) The Statute you speak of, concerning
two Witnesses in Case of Treason, is found
to be inconvenient, therefore by another Law it
was taken away.
(^Raleigh.^) The common Trial of (^England^) is by
Jury and Witnesses.
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) No, by Examination: If three
conspire a Treason, and they all confess it; here is
never a Witness, yet they are condemned.
(^Judge Warburton.^) I marvel, Sir (^Walter^) , that you
being of such Experience and Wit, should stand
on this Point; for so many Horse-stealers may
escape, if they may not be condemned without
Witnesses. If one should rush into the King's
Privy-Chamber, whilst he is alone, and kill the
King (which God forbid) and this Man be met
coming with his Sword drawn all bloody; shall
not he be condemned to death? My Lord (^Cobham^)
hath, perhaps, been laboured withal; and to save
you, his old Friend, it may be that he will deny
all that which he hath said.
(^Raleigh.^) I know not how you conceive the Law.
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) Nay, we do not conceive the Law,
but we know the Law.
(^Raleigh.^) The Wisdom of the Law of God is absolute
and perfect, (\Haec fac, & vives, &c\) . But now
by the Wisdom of the State, the Wisdom of the
Law is uncertain. Indeed where the Accuser is
not to be had conveniently, I agree with you;
<P I,213.C1>
but here my Accuser may, he is alive, and in the
House. (^Susanna^) had been condemned, if (^Daniel^)
had not cried out, (^Will you condemn an innocent^)
Israelite, (^without Examination or Knowledge of the
Truth?^) Remember, it is absolutely the Commandment
of God: If a false Witness rise up, you
shall cause him to be brought before the Judges;
if he be found false, he shall have the Punishment
which the Accused should have had. It is very
sure for my Lord to accuse me is my certain Danger,
and it may be a means to excuse himself.
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) There must not such a Gap be opened
for the Destruction of the King, as would
be if we should grant this. You plead hard for
your self, but the Laws plead as hard for the King.
I did never hear that Course to be taken in a Case
of Treason, as to write one to another, or speak
one to another during the time of their Imprisonment.
There hath been Intelligence between you:
and what underhand Practices there may be, I
know not. If the Circumstances agree not with
the Evidence, we will not condemn you.
(^Raleigh.^) The King desires nothing but the knowledge
of the Truth, and would have no advantage
taken by Severity of the Law. If ever we had
a gracious King, now we have; I hope, as he is,
such are his Ministers. If there be but a Trial of
five Marks at common Law, a Witness must be
deposed. Good my Lords, let my Accuser come
Face to Face, and be deposed.
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) You have no Law for it: God
forbid any Man should accuse himself upon his
Oath.
(^Attorn.^) The Law presumes, a Man will not accuse
himself to accuse another. You are an odious
Man: For (^Cobham^) thinks his Cause the worse that
you are in it. Now you shall hear of some Stirs
to be raised in (^Scotland^) .

[}PART OF COPLEY'S EXAMINATION.}]

   'Also (^Watson^) told me, that a special Person
told him, that (^Aremberg^) offer'd to him 1000
Crowns to be in that Action; and that (^Brook^)
said, the Stirs in (^Scotland^) came out of (^Raleigh's^)
Head.'
(^Raleigh.^) (^Brook^) hath been taught his Lesson.
(^Ld. Hen. Howard.^) This Examination was taken
before me; did I teach him his Lesson?
(^Raleigh.^) I protest before God, I meant it not by
any Privy-Counsellor; but because Money is scant,
he will juggle on both sides.

[}RALEIGH'S EXAMINATION.}]

   'The way to invade (^England^) , were to begin
with Stirs in (^Scotland^) .'
(^Raleigh.^) I think so still: I have spoken it to divers
of the Lords of the Council, by way of Discourse
and Opinion.
(^Attorn.^) Now let us come to those words, (^of destroying
the King and his Cubs^) .
(^Raleigh.^) O barbarous! if they, like unnatural
Villains, should use those words, shall I be charged
with them? I will not hear it, I was never any
Plotter with them against my Country, I was never
false to the Crown of (^England^) . I have spent
4000 Pounds of my own against the (^Spanish^) Faction,
for the Good of my Country. Do you bring the
words of these hellish Spiders, (^Clark^) , (^Watson^) , and
others, against me?
(^Attorn.^) Thou hast a (^Spanish^) Heart, and thy self
art a Spider of Hell; for thou confessest the King
<P I,213.C2>
to be a most sweet and gracious Prince, and yet
hast conspired against him.

[}WATSON'S EXAMINATION READ.}]

   'He said, that (^George Brook^) told him twice,
That his Brother, the Lord (^Cobham^) , said to him,
that you are but on the Bye, but (^Raleigh^) and
I are on the Main.'

[}BROOK'S EXAMINATION READ.}]

   'Being ask'd what was meant by this Jargon,
the Bye and the Main? he said, That the Lord
(^Cobham^) told him, that (^Grey^) and others were in
the Bye, he and (^Raleigh^) were on the Main. Being
ask'd what Exposition his Brother made of
these Words? he said, he is loth to repeat it.
And after saith, by the Main was meant the
taking away of the King and his Issue; and
thinks on his Conscience, it was infused into
his Brother's Head by (^Raleigh^) .'

[}COBHAM'S EXAMINATION READ.}]

   'Being ask'd, if ever he had said, (^It will never
be well in^) England, (^till the King and his Cubs were
taken away^) ; he said, he had answered before,
and that he would answer no more to that Point.'
(^Raleigh.^) I am not named in all this: There is
a Law of two sorts of Accusers, one of his own
Knowledge, another by Hear-say.
(^E. of Suffolk.^) See the Case of (^Arnold^) .
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) It is the Case of Sir (^Wil. Thomas^) ,
and Sir (^Nicholas Arnold^) .
(^Raleigh.^) If this may be, you will have any Man's
Life in a Week.
(^Attorn.^) (^Raleigh^) saith, that (^Cobham^) was in a Passion
when he said so. Would he tell his Brother
any thing of Malice against (^Raleigh^) , whom he
lov'd as his Life?
(^Raleigh.^) (^Brook^) never loved me; until his Brother
had accused me, he said nothing.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) We have heard nothing that might
lead us to think that (^Brook^) accused you, he was
only in the surprizing Treason; for by accusing
you he should accuse his Brother.
(^Raleigh.^) He doth not care much for that.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) I must judge the best. The Accusation
of his Brother was not voluntary; he pared every
thing as much as he could, to save his Brother.

[}COBHAM'S EXAMINATION READ.}]

   'He saith he had a Book written against the
Title of the King, which he had of (^Raleigh^) , and
that he gave it to his Brother (^Brook:^) and (^Raleigh^)
said it was foolishly written.'
(^Attorn.^) After the King came within twelve
Miles of (^London^) , (^Cobham^) never came to see him;
and intended to travel without seeing the Queen
and the Prince. Now in this Discontentment
you gave him the Book, and he gave it his
Brother.
(^Raleigh.^) I never gave it him, he took it off
my Table. For I well remember a little before
that time I received a Challenge from Sir (^Amias
Preston^) , and for that I did intend to answer it, I
resolved to leave my Estate settled, therefore laid
out all my loose Papers, amongst which was this
Book.
(^Ld. Howard.^) Where had you this Book?
(^Raleigh.^) In the old Lord Treasurer's Study, after
his Death.
<P I,214.C1>
(^Ld. Cecil.^) Did you ever shew or make known
the Book to me?
(^Raleigh.^) No, my Lord.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) Was it one of the Books which was
left to me or my Brother?
(^Raleigh.^) I took it out of the Study in my Lord
Treasurer's House in the (^Strand^) .
(^Ld. Cecil.^) After my Father's decease, Sir (^Walter
Raleigh^) desired to search for some Cosmographical
Descriptions of the (^Indies^) , which he thought were
in his Study, and were not to be had in Print;
which I granted, and would have trusted Sir (^Walter
Raleigh^) as soon as any Man: tho since for some
Infirmities, the Bands of my Affection to him have
been broken; and yet reserving my Duty to the
King my Master, which I can by no means dispense
with, by God I love him, and have a great Conflict
within my self: But I must needs say, Sir (^Walter^)
used me a little unkindly, to take the Book
away without my Knowledge; nevertheless, I
need make no Apology in behalf of my Father,
considering how useful and necessary it is for Privy
Counsellors, and those in his Place, to intercept
and keep such kind of Writings; for whosoever
should then search his Study, may in all likelihood
find all the notorious Libels that were writ against
the late Queen; and whosoever should rumage
my Study, at least my Cabinet, may find several
against the King, our Sovereign Lord, since his
Accession to the Throne.
(^Raleigh.^) The Book was in Manuscript, and
the late Lord Treasurer had wrote in the beginning
of it with his own Hand, these Words, (^This
is the Book of^) Robert Snagg. And I do own, as
my Lord (^Cecil^) has said, that I believe they may
also find in my House, almost all the Libels that
have been writ against the late Queen.
(^Attorn.^) You were no Privy-Councellor, and I
hope never shall be.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) He was not a sworn Counsellor of
State, but he has been called to Consultations.
(^Raleigh.^) I think it a very severe Interpretation
of the Law, to bring me within Compass of Treason
for this Book, writ so long ago, of which no
body had read any more than the Heads of the
Chapters, and which was burnt by (^G. Brook^) without
my Privity; admitting I had delivered the
same to the Lord (^Cobham^) , without allowing or
approving, but discommending it, according to
(^Cobham's^) first Accusation: and put the Case, I
should come to my Lord (^Cecil^) , as I have often
done, and find a Stranger with him, with a Packet
of Libels, and my Lord should let me have
one or two of them to peruse: This I hope is no
Treason.
(^Attorn.^) I observe there was Intelligence between
you and (^Cobham^) in the (^Tower^) ; for after he said, it
was against the King's Title, he denied it again.
(^Sir Will. Wade.^) First my Lord (^Cobham^) confesseth
it, and after he had subscribed it, he revoked it
again: To me he always said, that the Drift of
it was against the King's Title.
(^Raleigh.^) I protest before God, and all his Works,
I gave him not the Book.

(^Note^) , Sir (^Robert Wroth^) speaketh, or whispereth
something secretly.

(^Attorn.^) My Lords, I must complain of Sir (^Robert
Wroth^) , he says this Evidence is not material.
(^Sir Rob. Wroth.^) I never spake the words.
(^Attorn.^) Let Mr. Serjeant (^Philips^) testify, whether
he heard him say the words or no.
<P I,214.C2>
(^Ld. Cecil.^) I will give my Word for Sir (^Robert
Wroth^) .
(^Sir Rob. Wroth.^) I will speak as truly as you, Mr.
Attorney, for by God I never spake it.
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) Wherefore should this Book be
burnt?
(^Raleigh.^) I burned it not.
(^Serj. Philips.^) You presented your Friend with it,
when he was discontented. If it had been before
the Queen's Death, it had been a less matter; but
you gave it him presently when he came from the
King, which was the time of this Discontentment.
(^Raleigh.^) Here is a Book supposed to be treasonable;
I never read it, commended it, or deliver'd
it, nor urged it.
(^Attorn.^) Why this is cunning.
(^Raleigh.^) Every thing that doth make for me is
cunning, and every thing that maketh against me
is probable.
(^Attorn.^) Lord (^Cobham^) saith, that (^Kemish^) came to
him with a Letter torn, and did wish him not to
be dismay'd, for one Witness could not hurt him.
(^Raleigh.^) This poor Man hath been close Prisoner
these eighteen Weeks; he was offered the Rack
to make him confess. I never sent any such Message
by him, I only writ to him, to tell him what
I had done with Mr. Attorney; having of his at
that time a great Pearl and a Diamond.
(^Ld. H. Howard.^) No Circumstance moveth me
more than this. (^Kemish^) was never on the Rack, the
King gave charge that no Rigour should be used.
(^Commissioners.^) We protest before God, there
was no such matter intended to our Knowledges.
(^Raleigh.^) Was not the Keeper of the Rack sent
for, and he threatned with it?
(^Sir W. Wade.^) When Mr. Sollicitor and my self
examined (^Kemish^) , we told him he deserved the
Rack, but did not threaten him with it.
(^Commissioners.^) It was more than we knew.

[}COBHAM'S EXAMINATION READ.}]

   He saith, (^Kemish^) brought him a Letter from (^Raleigh^) ,
and that part which was concerning the
Lords of the Council was rent out; the Letter
contained that he was examined, and cleared himself
of all; and that the Lord (^H. Howard^) said, because
he was discontent, he was fit to be in the
Action. And further, that (^Kemish^) said to him
from (^Raleigh^) , that he should be of good Comfort,
for one Witness could not condemn a Man for
Treason.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) (^Cobham^) was ask'd, whether, and when
he heard from you? he said; every day.
(^Raleigh.^) (^Kemish^) added more, I never bade him
speak those Words.

(^Note^) , Mr. Attorney here offered to interrupt him.

(^Ld. Cecil.^) It is his last Discourse; give him leave,
Mr. Attorney.
(^Raleigh.^) I am accused concerning (^Arabella^) , concerning
Money out of (^Spain^) . My Lord Chief Justice
saith, a Man may be condemned with one Witness,
yea, without any Witness. (^Cobham^) is guilty
of many things, (\Conscientia mille Testes\) ; he hath accused
himself, what can he hope for but Mercy?
My Lords, vouchsafe me this Grace: Let him be
brought, being alive, and in the House; let him
avouch any of these things, I will confess the whole
Indictment, and renounce the King's Mercy.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) Here hath been a touch of the Lady
(^Arabella Stuart^) , a near Kinswoman of the King's.
<P I,215.C1>
Let us not scandal the innocent by Confusion of
Speech: She is as innocent of all these things as I,
or any Man here; only she received a Letter
from my Lord (^Cobham^) , to prepare her; which she
laugh'd at, and immediately sent it to the King. So
far was she from Discontentment, that she laugh'd
him to scorn. But you see how far the Count of
(^Aremberg^) did consent.

The Lord Admiral ( (^Nottingham^) ) being by in
a Standing, with the Lady (^Arabella^) , spake to
the Court.

   The Lady doth here protest upon her Salvation,
that she never dealt in any of these things; and
so she willed me to tell the Court.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) The Lord (^Cobham^) wrote to my Lady
(^Arabella^) , to know if he might come to speak with
her, and gave her to understand, that there were
some about the King that laboured to disgrace
her; she doubted it was but a Trick. But (^Brook^)
saith, his Brother moved him to procure (^Arabella^)
to write Letters to the King of (^Spain^) ; but he
saith, he never did it.
(^Raleigh.^) The Lord (^Cobham^) hath accused me, you
see in what manner he hath forsworn it. Were it
not for his Accusation, all this were nothing.
Let him be asked, if I knew of the Letter which
(^Lawrency^) brought to him from (^Aremberg^) . Let me
speak for my Life, it can be no hurt for him to be
brought; he dares not accuse me. If you grant
me not this Favour, I am strangely used. (^Campian^)
was not denied to have his Accusers face to
face.
(^Ld. Ch. Just.^) Since he must needs have Justice,
the acquitting of his old Friend may move him
to speak otherwise than the Truth.
(^Raleigh.^) If I had been the Infuser of all these
Treasons into him; you Gentlemen of the Jury,
mark this, he said I have been the Cause of all his
Miseries, and the Destruction of his House, and
that all Evil hath happened unto him by my wicked
Counsel: If this be true, whom hath he cause
to accuse, and to be revenged on, but on me?
And I know him to be as revengeful as any Man
on Earth.
(^Attorn.^) He is a Party, and may not come; the
Law is against it.
(^Raleigh.^) It is a Toy to tell me of Law; I defy
such Law, I stand on the Fact.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) I am afraid my often speaking (who
am inferiour to my Lords here present) will make
the World think I delight to hear my self talk. My
Affection to you, Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) , was not              #
extinguished,
but slaked, in regard of your Deserts.
You know the Law of the Realm (to which your
Mind doth not contest) that my Lord (^Cobham^) cannot
be brought.
(^Raleigh.^) He may be, my Lord.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) But dare you challenge it?
(^Raleigh.^) No.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) You say that my Lord (^Cobham^) , your
main Accuser, must come to accuse you. You say,
he hath retracted: I say, many Particulars are not
retracted. What the Validity of all this is, is
merely left to the Jury. Let me ask you this, If
my Lord (^Cobham^) will say you were the only Instigator
of him to proceed in the Treasons, dare you
put your self on this?
(^Raleigh.^) If he will speak it before God and the
King, that ever I knew of (^Arabella's^) Matter, or
the Money out of (^Spain^) , or the surprising Treason;
<P I,215.C2>
I put my self on it, God's Will and the King's
be done with me.
(^Ld. H. Howard.^) How! if he speak things equivalent
to that you have said?
(^Raleigh.^) Yes, in a main Point.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) If he say, you have been the Instigator
of him to deal with the (^Spanish^) King, had not the
Council cause to draw you hither?
(^Raleigh.^) I put my self on it.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) Then Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) , call upon
God, and prepare your self; for I do verily believe
my Lords will prove this. Excepting your
faults (I call them no worse) by God I am your
Friend. The Heat and Passion in you, and the
Attorney's Zeal in the King's Service, makes me
speak this.
(^Raleigh.^) Whosoever is the Workman, it is reason
he should give an account of his Work to the Workmaster.
But let it be proved that he acquainted
me with any of his Conferences with (^Aremberg:^)
he would surely have given me some account.
(^Ld. Cecil.^) That follows not: If I set you on
work, and you give me no account, am I therefore
innocent?
(^Attorn.^) For the Lady (^Arabella^) , I said she was
never acquainted with the matter. Now that
(^Raleigh^) had Conference in all these Treasons, it is
manifest: The Jury hath heard the matter. There
is one (^Dyer^) , a Pilot, that being in (^Lisbon^) , met with
a (^Portugal^) Gentleman, who ask'd him if the King
of (^England^) was crown'd yet? To whom he answered,
(^I think not yet, but he shall be shortly^) . Nay,
saith the (^Portugal^) , that shall never be, for his
Throat will be cut by (^Don Raleigh^) and (^Don Cobham^)
before he be crowned.

Dyer (^was called and sworn, and deliver'd this
Evidence.^)

(^Dyer.^) I came to a Merchant's House in (^Lisbon^) , to
see a Boy that I had there; there came a Gentleman
into the House, and enquiring what Countryman
I was, I said, an (^Englishman^) . Whereupon
he asked me, if the King was crowned? And I
answered, No, but that I hoped he should be so
shortly. Nay, saith he, he shall never be crowned;
for (^Don Raleigh^) and (^Don Cobham^) will cut his
Throat ere that Day come.
(^Raleigh.^) What infer you upon this?
(^Attorn.^) That your Treason hath Wings.
(^Raleigh.^) If (^Cobham^) did practise with (^Aremberg^) ,
how could it not but be known in (^Spain?^) Why did
they name the Duke of (^Buckingham^) with (^Jack
Straw's^) Treason, and the Duke of (^York^) with (^Jack
Cade^) , but that it was to countenance his Treason?
   Consider you Gentlemen of the Jury, there is
no Cause so doubtful which the King's Counsel
cannot make good against the Law. Consider my
Disability, and their Ability: They prove nothing
against me, only they bring the Accusation
of my Lord (^Cobham^) , which he hath lamented and
repented as heartily, as if it had been for an horrible
Murder: for he knew that all this Sorrow
which should come to me, is by his means. Presumptions
must proceed from precedent or subsequent
Facts. I have spent 40000 Crowns against
the (^Spaniard^) . I had not purchased 40 Pound a
Year. If I had died in (^Guiana^) , I had not left 300
Marks a Year to my Wife and Son. I that have
always condemned the (^Spanish^) Faction, methinks
it is a strange thing that now I should affect it!
<P I,216.C1>
Remember what St. (^Austin^) says, (\Sic judicate tanquam
ab alio mox judicandi; unus judex, unum Tribunal\) .
If you would be contented on Presumptions
to  be delivered up to be slaughtered, to have
your Wives and Children turned into the Streets
to beg their Bread; if you would be contented to
be so judged, judge so of me.
(^Serj. Philips.^) I hope to make this so clear, as that
the Wit of Man shall have no Colour to answer it.
The Matter is Treason in the highest Degree, the
End to deprive the King of his Crown. The particular
Treasons are these: First, to raise up Rebellion,
and to effect that, to procure Money; to
raise up Tumults in (^Scotland^) , by divulging a treasonable
Book against the King's Right to the
Crown; the purpose, to take away the Life of
his Majesty and his Issue. My Lord (^Cobham^) confesseth
Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) to be quilty of all these
Treasons. The Question is, whether he be guilty
as joining with him, or instigating of him? The
Course to prove this, was by my Lord (^Cobham's^) Accusation.
If that be true, he is guilty; if not, he
is clear. So whether (^Cobham^) say true, or (^Raleigh^) ,
that is the Question. (^Raleigh^) hath no
Answer, but the Shadow of as much Wit, as the
Wit of Man can devise. He useth his bare Denial;
the Denial of a Defendant must not move the
Jury. In the Star-Chamber, or in the Chancery,
for matter of Title, if the Defendant be called in
question, his Denial on his Oath is no Evidence
to the Court to clear him, he doth it (\in propria
causa\) ; therefore much less in Matters of Treason.
(^Cobham's^) Testification against him before then, and
since, hath been largely discoursed.
(^Raleigh.^) If Truth be constant, and Constancy
be in Truth, why hath he forsworn that that he
hath said? You have not proved any one thing against
me by direct Proofs, but all by Circumstances.
(^Attorn.^) Have you done? The King must have
the last.
(^Raleigh.^) Nay, Mr. Attorney, he which speaketh
for his Life, must speak last. False Repetitions
and Mistakings must not mar my Cause. You
should speak (\secundum allegata & probata\) . I appeal
to God and the King in this Point, whether (^Cobham's^)
Accusation be sufficient to condemn me?
(^Attorn.^) The King's Safety and your Clearing
cannot agree. I protest before God, I never knew
a clearer Treason.
(^Raleigh.^) I never had Intelligence with (^Cobham^)
since I came to the (^Tower^) .
(^Attorn.^) Go to, I will lay thee upon thy Back,
for the confidentest Traitor that ever came at a
Bar. Why should you take 8000 Crowns for a
Peace?
(^Ld. Cecil.^) Be not so impatient, good Mr. (^Attorney^) ,
give him leave to speak.
(^Attorney.^) If I may not be patiently heard, you
will encourage Traitors, and discourage us. I am
the King's sworn Servant, and must speak: If he
be Guilty, he is a Traitor; if not, deliver him.

(^Note^) , Here Mr. Attorney sat down in a Chase,
and would speak no more, until the Commissioners
urged and intreated him. After
much ado, he went on, and made a long Repetition
of all the Evidence, for the Direction
of the Jury; and at the repeating of some
things, Sir (^Walter Raleigh^) interrupted him,
and said, he did him wrong.
<P I,216.C2>
(^Attorney.^) Thou art the most vile and execrable
Traitor that ever lived.
(^Raleigh.^) You speak indiscreetly, barbarously and
uncivilly.
(^Attorney.^) I want Words sufficient to express thy
viperous Treasons.
(^Raleigh.^) I think you want Words indeed, for
you have spoken one thing half a dozen times.
(^Attorney.^) Thou art an odious Fellow, thy Name
is hateful to all the Realm of (^England^) for thy
Pride.
(^Raleigh.^) It will go near to prove a measuring
Cast between you and me, Mr. (^Attorney^) .



<B CEHIST2A>
<Q E2 NN HIST STOW>
<N CHRON ENGLAND>
<A STOW JOHN>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^STOW, JOHN.
THE CHRONICLES OF ENGLAND FROM BRUTE
UNTO THIS PRESENT YEARE OF CHRIST.
LONDON: PRINTED BY RALPHE NEWBERIE, 1580. 
PP. 543.1 - 549.28  (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 566.1 - 574.24  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 543>
   After the solemnitie of the coronation, the Lords & commons 
streight proceeded to the Parliame~t. In which it was 
inquired out of the death of the Duke of (^Glocester^) , & how  #
hee 
had bin murdered at (^Caleis^) by the Duke of (^Norffolke^) ,   #
vpon y=e=
Kings commaundement. King (^Henrie^) created hys eldest 
sonne Prince of (^Wales^) , Duke of (^Cornewal^) , and Earle    #
of (^Chester^) , 
duke of (^Aquitaine^) . In this Parliament it was ordained 
that the statutes made in the Parliament holden in the 21. 
yere of king (^Richard^) at (^Westminster^) , and after         #
proroged vnto 
(^Shrewesburie^) , with all the circu~stances to be adnulled,   #
reuoked, 
made voyde, and vtterly blotted out. Also that the Parliament 
holde~ at (^Westminster^) , in the xj. yere of K. (^Richard^)   #
be 
holden firme and stable. Also that the Lords & other perso~s 
which were iudged forth in the Parliament holden the 21. 
yere of King (^Richard^) , & their heires that be deade,        #
shoulde 
be wholy restored to their possessions without any suing        #
liuerie 
thereof to be made, excepted that the Lords and other 
that haue nothing of y=e= issues receiued in y=e= mean time.    #
The 
K. gaue to the E. of (^Northumberland^) y=e= Isle of (^Man^) ,  #
to be holde~ 
of the K. by seruice, to beare the sword w=e= which he entred   #
into 
(^England^) . And to the E. of (^Westmerland^) he gaue the      #
Cou~tie 
of (^Richmond^) . Also Iudgement was giuen against the          #
Appellauntes 
of the Duke of (^Glocester^) in this maner: The Lords 
in this present Parliament by the Kings assent, iudge that 
the Dukes of (^Aumerle^) , (^Surrey^) , and (^Excester^) now    #
present and 
were appellantes, shal lose theyr names of Dukes, and honors 
from he~ceforth, togither with the dignities of Dukes, 
& that the (^Marques Dorset^) , that is present, lose hys name  #
of 
Marques, & the E. of (^Glocester^) which is prese~t, lose his   #
name 
for him and his heires, as y=e= aboue named persons do theirs, 
& that al the castels, possessions or manors which they had 
of the~ that belonged to those whom they appelled fro~ y=e=     #
day 
of y=e= arrest of the D. of (^Glocester^) , & the other Lords,  #
or after at 
any time, simply, & without fauour or mercie, they shal lose 
the~: & that al other castels, possessio~s, manours,            #
Lordships, 
dominions & liberties, which they helde of the King's gift,
<P 544>
that day or after shold rest in the kings grace from y=e=       #
houre, 
and that all letters patents and Charters, whiche they or 
any of them, had of y=e= said names, Castels, Dominions,        #
possessions 
and liberties shold be surrendered vp, into y=e= Chancerie 
there to be canceled, and that they stand in state whiche 
they had in name and possession before the saide daye of 
the sayde arrest.
   The King to shew to all men in all Countries about by 
what right and title he had taken vpon him the crowne and 
realme, sent Ambassadours to (^Rome^) , (^Iohn Treneuant^)      #
Byshop 
of (^Hereforde^) , (^Iohn Cheyne^) Knighte, and (^Iohn Cheyne^) 
Esquire. Into (^Fraunce^) he sent (^Walter Tricklowe^) Byshop   #
of 
(^Durham^) , (^Thomas Percy^) Erle of (^Worcester^) , and       #
(^William Heron^) . 
Into (^Spaine^) (^Iohn Trenor^) Bishop of (^Saint Dauids^) ,    #
and sir 
(^William Par^) Knight: Into (^Almaine^) the Bishoppe of        #
(^Bangor^) 
with other.
   The (^Scots^) in time of the Parliament taking occasion by 
the absence of the Northren Lordes, and bycause the same 
tyme the North parts were sore oppressed by a great             #
Pestilence, 
entred as enimies into those parts, and toke the Castell 
of (^Warke^) , and kept the same a certain time, but at le~gth 
spoyled and vtterly ruinated it, and many other mischieues 
they did in the Country. (^Thomas Maubery^) duke of             #
(^Norffolk^) 
which was exiled, dyed at (^Venice^) , in his returne from      #
(^Ierusalem^) . 
Also the Duches of (^Glocester^) dyed, and hir sonne & heire 
(^Humfrey^) dyed of the pestilence when hee was sent for forth 
of (^Irelande^) .
   The King helde his feast of Christmasse in his Castel of 
(^Windsor^) , where (^Iohn Holland^) late Duke of (^Excester^)  #
& Erle 
of (^Huntington^) , (^Thomas Holand^) late Duke of (^Surrey^) & #
Earle 
of (^Kente^) , (^Edwarde^) late Duke of (^Aumerle^) , and Earle #
of (^Rutlande^) , 
sonne to the Duke of (^Yorke^) , (^Iohn Mountacute^) Erle of 
(^Salisburie^) , (^Thomas Spencer^) , sir (^Ralph Lymley^) ,    #
sir (^Thomas 
Blunt^) , sir (^Benedict Cely^) Knights, with other that        #
fauoured 
King (^Richarde^) , conspired against King (^Henrie^) , and     #
appointed
priuily to murder him, vnder the colour of Iusting and
<P 545>
other pastimes pretended. And the time approching of theyr 
purpose, they sent messengers to (^London^) with letters to     #
the 
Duke of (^Aumerle^) , that he shoulde not fayle to come at      #
y=e= day 
appointed with his company, to helpe to do the feate whervnto 
he was sworne: but his minde being altered, hee bare 
the letters streighte to his Father the Duke of (^Yorke^) ,     #
who 
caused a number of his men forthwith to carrye his son to
the King, where he shewing his letters, the King woulde 
not beleeue them: but the same morning came the Maior of 
(^London^) to the Court, and informed him of the matter,        #
whervpon 
the King made no tariance, but got him forth toward 
(^London^) , in companye of the Maior and other. But before     #
the 
King coulde gette (^London^) on his backe, his enimies were 
come to (^Windesore^) , and entred the Castell with an armed 
band of 400. me~, on the fourth of Ianuarie at night, where 
understanding that the King was escaped theyr hands, being 
sore amazed, they withdrewe from (^Windesore^) , vnto           #
(^Sunning^) , 
a certaine manour neare to (^Reading^) , where the Queene
wife to King (^Richarde^) then lay, where they persuaded hyr 
houshold, that King (^Richarde^) was escaped out of             #
(^Pomfrete^) 
Castel, and they would go to him: from thence they went to 
(^Wallingforde^) , and after to (^Abingdon^) , mouing the       #
people to 
take armes vppon them, and to goe meete their King              #
(^Richarde^) .
After this they came to (^Farindon^) , in the vale of (^White 
Horsse^) in (^Barkeshire^) , and the same daye to (^Circester^) #
on the xij. 
day late in the euening, and there harbored, with a greate
number of men of armes and many Archers: they they bruted 
that K. (^Richard^) was escaped forth of prison, and that hee 
was there with them, and to make their words to haue the 
more credite, they had got a Chaplaine of King (^Richardes^) 
called (^Madeleine^) , so like to hym in all proportion and     #
fauor, 
that one could vnneth be descerned from the other: many 
times (sayth mine aucthour) I haue seene him in (^Ireland^)
ride with the King his Master, so faire a Priest and goodly a 
person, he had not lightly seene. They put him in armoure 
with a Crowne on his Helmet, so as all men mighte take
<P 546>
him for King (^Richard^) . On the morrow being Wednesday, 
the people of that towne misliking of their proceedings, 
fought against them, and at length toke the chiefest of them 
and ledde them to the Abbay there, and put them in a fayre 
chamber, vnder safe custody. And on the Thursday the said 
Lordes fearing the people, imagined howe to escape out of 
theyr handes, and caused some of their seruauntes to sette 
fire on certaine houses in the Towne, thinking that therevppon 
the people woulde departe from them, and seeke to 
staunche the fire: but it chaunced contrarie, for the people 
turned into a maruellous rage against them, ranne vppon 
them with great violence, and drew them into the market 
place, and there they beheaded the Duke of (^Excester^) , the
Duke of (^Surrey^) , and the Earle of (^Salisburie^) , the      #
thirde day after 
the Epiphanie: their seruauntes that were with them 
were by and by taken, and as prisoners bound and brought 
to (^Oxforde^) , and on Monday following were beheaded in the 
Castell there, to the number of .xxvj. persons. Also Sir        #
(^Thomas 
Blount^) Knight, was beheaded with them. The weeke 
nexte following, was beheaded (^Thomas Spencer^) Earle of 
(^Glocester^) at (^Bristow^) : and about the same time was      #
beheaded 
(^Iohn Holland^) Earle of (^Huntington^) brother to King        #
(^Richard^) 
on the mothers side, at (^Plasby^) in (^Essex^) : not long      #
after was sir 
(^Barnarde Brocas^) beheaded at (^London^) , and a Prieste      #
named 
(^Iohn Maudelen^) , that was like King (^Richarde^) , and       #
another 
Priest called (^Willian Feribe^) . The Bishoppe of (^Carlile^)  #
was
impeached and condemned to conspiracie, but was pardoned.
   The sixth day of Februarie King (^Henrie^) caused y=e= blank 
Charters, made to King (^Richard^) , to be brent, at the        #
standert 
in (^Cheape^) of (^London^) .
   King (^Richard^) was imprisoned in (^Pomfrait^) Castel,      #
where 
xv. dayes and nightes they vexed him with continuall hunger, 
thirste and colde, and finally bereft his life, with suche 
a kinde of death as neuer before that time was knowen in 
(^Engla~d^) . He dyed the xiiij. day of Februarie; whose body   #
was
<P 547>
brought to the Tower of (^London^) , and so through the Cittie  #
to 
(^Powles^) Church bare faced, where he stoode three dayes for   #
all 
beholders, and had seruice, where King (^Henrie^) was present.
From thence he was carryed to (^Langley^) , and there buried    #
in 
the church of y=e= Friers (^Preachers^) . Vpo~ his death the    #
famous 
and excellente Poet (^Iohn Gower^) , wrote certaine verses, 
which may be englished thus.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
   The King with a great armye went into (^Scotlande^) ,        #
spoyled 
the Country and returned to (^Yorke^) , wher two Knights, 
the one a (^Frenchman^) , the other an (^Italian^) , chalenged  #
to fighte 
within listes against sir (^Iohn Cornewall^) , and (^Iames of   #
Artois^) , 
which two straungers were ouercome in battaile, and 
sir (^Iohn Cornewal^) , obtaining the Kings fauour, maried the 
kings sister, that had bin wife to sir (^Iohn Holland^) Earle   #
of
(^Huntingdon^) .
   The (^Welchmen^) taking occasion by the Kings absence 
when he was in (^Scotlande^) . beganne to rebel, by the         #
settyng 
on of (^Owe~ Glendouerdew^) son to (^Griffyth Vicha~^) an       #
esquier 
of (^Wales^) , & so called (^Glendour^) , bicause his dwelling  #
was in a 
place called (^Gle~dordwy^) , for (^Glyn^) in (^Welch^) is a    #
vale, and (^Dor^) is 
water, bycause the place was in a dale, at the side of y=e=     #
water 
<P 548>
or Riuer of (^Dew^) in the Parish of (^Corwen^) , in the        #
Countie of
(^Merioneth^) in (^Northwales^) . He serued King (^Richarde^) , #
at the
tyme of his oppression by (^Henrie^) Duke of (^Lancaster^) at   #
Flint
Castell.
   The first cause of this stirre was about a peece of land in
controuersie betwixte him and the Lord (^Reignolde Gray^) of
(^Ruthiue^) , for when he saw his cause not fauoured, firste    #
hee
began to spoyle the landes of the sayde Lord Gray, whereof
the king being certified, went with an army into (^Wales^) :    #
but
the (^Welchmen^) fledde to the mountaines, the King brente the
Countrey, slew the people with whom he mette, and returned
with a great pray of Cattaile.

[}IOHN WAKEL: WILLIAM EBBOT, THE ,28. OF SEPTEMBER.
SIR IOHN FRAUNCIS GOLDSMITH, THE .28. OF OCTOBER.}]

   (^Geffrey Chawcer^) , the most excellent Poet of             #
(^Englande^) , deceased 
the xxv. of October, who was buried at (^Westminster^) ,
where of late at the charges of one maister (^Bridgeham^) , is
made ouer him a faire monument, on the Southside of the
Quire: his workes for the most part are published in print
by sir (^Iohn Thinne^) Knight, and somewhat increased by my
trauell in the last impression.
   Not long after deceased the like famous Poet,                #
(^Iohn Gower^) ,
who lyeth buried in (^Sainte Marie Oueries^) Church in
(^Southwarke^) . He new builded a great part of that Church,    #
and
co~piled three famous bookes. The first in Latine, (\Vox        #
Clama~tis\) .
The second in French (\Speculum Meditantis\) : The third in
Englishe (\Confessio Amantis\) , which last booke is in Print,  #
the 
other hard to come by: of the first I haue seen three very      #
faire
copies, but of the seconde I neuer sawe any one.
   The Emperour of (^Constantinople^) , came into               #
(^Englande^) , to
requyre ayde agaynste the (^Turkes^) , whome the King
wyth sumptuous preparation mette at (^Blacke Heath^) , vpon
(^Saint Thomas^) daye the Apostle, and brought him to           #
(^London^) ,
and paying for the charges of his lodging, presented him
with giftes worthy for one of so high degree.
<P 549>
   Soone after came newes, that the King of (^Leto^) had slain
in battayle (^Bassacke^) the sonne of the noble                 #
(^Balthazardan^) , &
destroyed (^Ierusalem^) , and all the Countrey rounde aboute.
And bycause he had by Gods grace so ouercome contrarye
to his opinion, he became christened and 60000. men of his
secte.
   The Emperour of (^Constantinople^) , hearing this, was very 
gladde, and departed out of (^Englande^) , being honored by the
King with precious giftes.
   The fiue and twentith day of Iuly, (^Isabel^) late wife to   #
K.
(^Richarde^) , not yet twelue yeares of age, departed from
(^Douer^) towardes (^Caleis^) , and so into (^Fraunce^) to hyr  #
Father.
   Owen Glendouerdew w=e= his (^Welchmen^) did much harme 
to the (^Englishmen^) and returned.
   There was founde in the Kings Bedde clothes, an yron
with three sharp pikes, slender and round standing vpright,
layde there by some Traytour, that when the Kyng should
haue layde him downe, he might haue thrust himselfe vpon
them.
   This time was vsed exceeding pride in garmentes,
gownes with deepe and broade sleeues, commonlye called
poke sleeues, the seruauntes ware them as well as theyr
maisters whiche mighte well haue bene called receptacles
of the Diuel, for what they stole, they hidde in their sleeues,
whereof some hung downe to the feete, and at leaste to the
knees, ful of cuttes and iagges, whervpon were made these
verses.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 566>
[}HENRY BARTON: WILLIAM GROOME, THE 28. OF SEPTEMBER.
SIR IOHN WOODCOCKE MERCER, THE 28. OF OCTOBER.}]

   This yeare, all the Weares in (^Thamis^) from the Towne
of (^Stanes^) in the Weast, vnto the water of (^Medway^) in the
East, by the Maior and communaltie of (^London^) , were         #
destroyd,
and the trunckes brent, for the which, great plea and
discord followed betweene (^Thomas Arundell^) Archbishop of
(^Canterbury^) , and other Lords and Knightes of the one party,
and the Maior and communaltie on the other partie, but
the Citizens preuayled by vertue of their Charter and
Statutes.
   A Parliamente beganne, whiche lasted nigh one
whole yeare, for after the Knightes of the Parliament had
long delayde to graunt to the King a subsedie, yet in the
ende being ouercome, they granted the taske demanded.
The Priestes and the Friers that liued of almes, were forced
euery one to pay halfe a marke.
   (^Henry Percy^) Earle of (^Northumberland^) , & the L.       #
(^Bardolfe^) ,
by the counsell of (^Dauid Fleming^) , fled into (^Wales^) ,    #
for he had
declared to them, that the (^Scottes^) had conspired to deliuer
them vnto their owne King, in exchange for other prisoners,
and for this doing of (^Dauid Fleming^) , the trayterous
(^Scottes^) slew him, and reysed such a ciuill warre amongst    #
the~selues,
that in the ende they were constreyned to request
truce for a yeare, which when they had obteyned, the            #
(^Scottes^)
sente (^Iames^) , the sonne of (^Robert^) King of (^Scottes^) , #
being but
nine yeares olde, towardes (^France^) , there to be brought vp,
and to be instructed in the pleasant eloquence of the           #
(^French^)
tongue, whome certayne marriners of (^Cley^) in (^Norffolke^)
tooke on the Seas, and with him a Bishop, and the Earle of
(^Orkney^) , to whome his Father had committed him: and they
brought him into (^England^) , and deliuered him to the King,
who forthwith burst out into a laughter, and sayde, surely
the (^Scottes^) mighte haue sente him to me, for I can speake
(^French^) . The Bishop escaped and fledde, but the Earle of 
<P 567>
(^Orkeney^) , and the sayde (^Iames^) the yong ladde, was sent  #
to the
(^Tower^) of (^London^) , where he remayned prisoner till the   #
second
yeare of (^Henry^) the sixth, whiche was aboue eighteene
yeares.
   The (^Frenchmen^) came to help (^Owen Glendouerdew^) with
38. Shippes, whereof 8. were taken, full of armed men, the
rest escaped into (^Wales^) , but not long after were taken     #
fiftene
Shippes laden with Wine and Ware.
   Whilest the Parliament yet continued, the Duke of
(^Yorke^) was restored to his olde dignitie, whome many men
thought to haue bin dead in prison.
   (^Edmond Holland^) Earle of (^Kent^) , married the Duke of
(^Millaynes^) daughter in the Priory of (^Saint Mary Ouery^) in
(^Southwarke^) .

[}NICHOLAS WOOTTON: GEFFREY BROOKE THE 28. OF SEPTEMB.
SIR RICHARD WHITTINGTON MERCER, THE 28. OF OCTOBER.}]

   (^Iohn Couentry^) , and (^Iankin Carpenter^) , executors to  #
this
(^Richard Whittington^) , with his goodes builded (^Whittington
Colledge^) in (^London^) , and a great part of the Hospitall    #
of Saint
(^Barthelmew^) in (^Smithfielde^) . He builded the Library of   #
the
Grey Friers, and the East end of the (^Guild Hall^) in          #
(^London^) ,
with diuers small conduites, called Bosses, and the Weast
Gate of (^London^) called (^Newgate^) .
   Also (^Iankin Carpenter^) , one of the executors to the      #
Worshipfull
Knight Sir (^Richard Whittington^) aforenamed, of 
his owne costes and charges, caused to be paynted aboute
the Cloyster of (^Saint Paules^) Church in (^London^) , a most  #
excellent
monument, or remembrance of Death, the originall
patterne whereof, was sometime deuised by (^Machabre^) , a
Doctor of (^France^) , and therefore called (^The Daunce^) of   #
(^Machabre^) ,
which Daunce was richly paynted about (^Saint Innocents^) 
Cloyster in (^Paris^) , with Metres in (^French^) , signifying
the speeches of Death to all estates, and their seuerall        #
answeres
againe to Death, all whiche being translated into 
English by (^Iohn Lidgate^) , Monke of (^Bury^) , was as        #
aforesayde
richly paynted in the sayd Cloyster of (^Saint Paules^) Church,
<P 568>
and therefore commonly called (^The Daunce of Paules^) .
   (^Henry Pay^) , and other with him of the fiue Portes, with
fifteene Shippes, tooke an hundred and twentie Shippes,
which lay at ancker in the Sea of (^Briteine^) , laden with     #
Iron,
Salt, Oyle, and (^Rochell^) Wine.
   This Sommer, through corruption of the ayre, so great
a Plague was shedde vpon mens bodyes, as was not seene
the like in many yeares in this land, so that men might say
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
For at (^London^) in short while it consumed aboue thirtie      #
thousand
men and women, and in the Countrey Townes great 
mortalitie fell among the husbandmen, so that great households
dyed cleane vp, and the houses were emptied.
   About the fifteenth day of August deceassed Sir (^Roberte
Knowles^) Knight, at his Manour of (^Sconethorp^) in            #
(^Norffolke^) ,
he was brought to (^London^) , and there honourably buried in
the white Friers Church which he had newly reedifyed
and builded.
   This Sir (^Robert Knowles^) had bin a most valiant Captayne
in the warres of (^France^) , during the raigne of (^Edward^)
the third, and (^Richard^) the second, whose force the Realme   #
of
(^France^) both felt and feared, so did the Dukedome of         #
(^Briteine^) ,
and all the people from hence to (^Spayne^) . Of him in his     #
life
were made Verses in Latin, which may be englished thus,
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
   This Sir (^Robert Knowles^) founded in the Towne of
(^Pontfract^) a Colledge to the honor of the                    #
(^Holy Trinitie^) , with
an Hospital ioyned therevnto. In the which Colledge was
placed a Mayster, and 6. or 7. Priestes, and in the Hospitall
13. poore men and women. He was once minded to haue
made this Colledge at his Manour of (^Sconethorp^) , but at the
request of (^Constance^) his wife (a woman of meane birth,
<P 569>
and somtime of a dissolute life afore hir mariage) he turned
his purpose, and made it in the very place of (^Pontfraite^) ,  #
wher
she was borne, enduing the same with 180. pound lande by 
yeare. He also builded the faire new greate bridge at           #
(^Rochester^) ,
ouer the riuer of (^Medeway^) , with a Chappel and a chauntrie
at the East end therof. In the which chappel was sometime
a table hanging, wherein was noted the benefactours
to that Bridge, as followeth.
[^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^]
   All these had giuen money or landes towards the building
and repayring of the sayde Bridge.
   (^Iohn Warner^) a Merchaunt of (^Rochester^) , made the newe 
<P 570>
coping of (^Rochester^) Bridge: and (^William Warham^)          #
Archbyshop
of (^Canterburie^) , made the yron pikes and bars aboute the
same coaping.
   This sommer (^Henrie^) Prince of (^Wales^) besieged the      #
Castel
of (^Abrustwich^) , but not long after (^Owen Glendouerdew^)
entred into it, and placed new keepers.

[}HENRIE PONTFRACT: HENRIE HALTON, THE .28. OF SEPTEMBER.
SIR WILLIAM STONDON GROCER, THE .28. OF OCTOBER.}] 

   In Nouember a Parliamente being called at (^London^) , a
taxe of money was leuied of the whole Realme.
   This yeare was a sore and sharpe Winter, and suche           #
aboundance
of Snow, which continued, December, Ianuarie,
Februarie and March, so that almoste all small Byrdes
dyed through hunger and colde. Whiles the King helde a
great Counsell at (^London^) with the nobles of the Realme,
(^Henrie^) Earle of (^Northumberlande^) , and (^Thomas^) Lorde  #
Bardolfe
came againe into (^England^) , who after long iournying,
when they came to the Towne of (^Thriske^) , they caused to bee
proclaymed, that who so woulde haue libertie, shoulde take
vp armour and weapon and follow them, whervpon much
people resorted to them: but sir (^Thomas Rockley^) Sherife
of (^Yorkeshire^) , with other Knightes of that Countrey went   #
against
them, and at (^Bramham^) Moore nere to (^Hasewold^) , fought
with them a great battayle, and slew the Earle, whose head
was streyght wayes cutte off. The Lord (^Bardolph^) was sore
wounded and taken aliue, but dyed shortly after. This battayle
was fought on the xviij. day of February. The Erles
head was put on a stake, and caryed openly through the Citie
of (^London^) , and set on (^London^) Bridge, The Bishop of     #
(^Bangor^)
was taken with the Lordes, but pardoned of his lyfe,
bycause he was not founde in armour. The King wente
to (^Yorke^) , and there condemned such as transgressed,        #
confiscated
their goods, pacified the Countrey, hanged the Abbot
of (^Hayle^) , who had bin in armour, and returned to the South
partes againe.
<P 571>
   Vpon the seuenth of September there were suche clouds
of rayne, as the olde men of that age had neuer seene before.
(^Edmunde Hollande^) Earle of (^Kent^) whilest he besieged the
Castell of (^Briake^) in (^Brytaine^) , he was wounded with an  #
arrowe
of a crossebowe in the heade, notwithstanding he toke
the Castel and destroied it to the ground, and not long after
his braines rotted, and he died.

[}THOMAS DUCKE: WILLIAM NORTON, THE .28. OF SEPTEMBER.
SIR DREW BARENTINE GOLDSMITH, THE .28. OF OCTOBER.}]

   Aboute the feaste of (^Al Saintes^) the Cardinall of         #
(^Burges^)
came into (^Englande^) , being sente from the Colledge of       #
Cardinalles,
to informe the King and Cleargie, of the vnconstaunte
dealing of (^Pope Gregorie^) , as also he had informed
the (^Frenche^) King and his Cleargie and realme, to the end
that those two Kings might sette to theyr helping handes,
to induce the sayde (^Gregorie^) to obserue the othe he hadde
made, and that by the magnificence of those two Kings,          #
co~ncorde
mighte be made in the Church, vnto the whiche businesse
the (^Frenche^) Kyng hadde gladlye graunted, and sente
messengers vnto Pope Gregorie, who notwythstandyng
was obstinate. The Kyng of (^Englande^) when hee vnderstoode
the Cardinalles message, hee commaunded
that curteste and gentle entertaymente shoulde be gyuen 
hym, and offered to beare hys charges so long as hee
woulde abyde in (^Englande^) . After the feaste of the          #
Epyphanye,
the Archebyshoppe of (^Canterburie^) caused to assemble
at (^London^) , all the Cleargye of the Realme to
those personages meete to go to the general counsel holde~ at
(^Pisa^) , wherevnto were chosen (^Roberte Holam^) Bishop of    #
(^Salisburie^) ,
(^Henrie Chiseley^) bishop of (^Saint Dauids^) , and (^Thomas
Chillingdon^) Prior of (^Christes^) Churche in                  #
(^Canterburie^) , and
the Kyng had sente before (^Iohn Coluile^) Knighte, and mayster
(^Nicholas Rixton^) Clearkes, wyth letters to be giuen to
the~. And in y=e= letter to the Pope it was writte~, most holy  #
father, 
&c. if y=e= prouide~ce of y=e= Apostolike sea wold vouchsafe to
<P 572>
consider how gret harme and danger is sprong vp throughout
the whole worlde, vnder pretence of Scisme, and chiefly
the destruction of Christian people, were aboue the nu~ber
as men say of 200000. are perished by the raging of dyuerse
warres, that haue risen in sundry partes of the world,
and euen now of late, to the number of thirtie thousande,
which (by reason of the dissention had vpon the Bishoprick
of (^Leons^) , betwixte two which do striue and contende the    #
one
in the aucthoritie of the true Pope, and the other by the       #
aucthoritie
of the Antipope) were in slaughter fielde (a lamentable
thing to be spoken) slaine and destroied. Truely the
Apostolike sea woulde be in greate heauinesse of heart, and
woulde rather forsake the honor of the Apostolicall sea,
than to see from henceforth such wicked slaughter to be         #
committed,
and woulde take example of the true mother, who
before King (^Salomon^) , rather chose to giue place, than that
the childe shoulde be cutte in peeces, &c. thus muche of the
Epistle sente by the Kyng of (^Englande^) to the foresayde      #
(^Gregorie^) .
   This yeare was a great play at the skinners Wel, nere
vnto (^Clearkenwel^) besids (^Londo~^) , which lasted viij.     #
days, & was
of matter from the creation of the world: there came to see
the same, the most part of the nobles and gentles in            #
(^Engla~d^) :
and forthwith after beganne a royall iusting in                 #
(^Smithfielde^) ,
betweene the Earle of (^Somerset^) and the (^Seneshall^) of     #
(^Henalt^) ,
sir (^Iohn Cornewall^) , sir (^Richard^) of (^Arundale^) , and  #
the sonne
of sir (^Iohn Cheyne^) , against other (^Frenchmen^) .

[}IOHN LAWE: WILLIAM CHICHELEY, THE .28. OF SEPTEMBER.
SIR RICHARD MARLOW IRONMONGER, THE .28. OF OCTOBER.}]

   (^Thomas Beuforte^) Erle of (^Surrey^) was made Chanceller,
and (^Henrie Scrope^) was made Treasurer.
   In a Parliament holden at (^London^) , in the Lent season,
the Knights and Burgesses presented to the King a Bill in
this forme:
   To the most excellent Lord the King, and al the Nobles
in this present Parliament assembled, your faithfull Commons
<P 573>
humbly do shewe, that our soueraigne Lord the king
may haue the Temporall possessions and landes, whych by
the Bishoppes, Abbots, and Priors, are proudely spent and
wasted in this Realme, which woulde suffise to finde 150. 
Earles, 1500. Knightes, 6200. Esquiers, and 100. Hospytals 
more than now be, &c. but when they went about to declare
out of what places, those great summes were to be leuied,
wherby the forsayde states should be endued, they wa~ted
in theyr accompte: wherefore the King commanded the~
that from thenceforth they shoulde not presume to moue any
such matter.
   Vpon the euen of (^Saint Iohn Baptist^) the kings sonne      #
being
in (^Eastcheap^) at supper, after midnight, betwixt two and
three of the clocke, a great debate hapned betweene his men
and men of the Courte, lasting an houre, til the Maior and
Sherifes with other Citizens ceased the same: for the which
afterward the sayde Maior, Sherifes, and Aldermen, were
sent for to appeare before the Kyng, to aunsweare: at whych
the King with his sonnes, and diuerse other Lordes, were
highly moued againste the Citie, where through William
Gascoigne chiefe Iustice, enquired of the Maior and Aldermen,
for the Citizens, whether they woulde put them in y=e=
Kings grace, wherevnto they aunswered, thay had not offe~ded
the Kyng nor his sonnes, but according to law stanched
the debates: then the King seeing it woulde be none otherwyse,
forgaue altogither, and they departed. King (^Henrie^)
founded a Colledge at (^Battelfielde^) in (^Shropshire^) ,      #
where he ouercame
sir (^Henrie Percie^) and other.

[}IOHN PENNE: THOMAS PIKE, THE .28. OF SEPTEMBER.
SIR THOMAS KNOWLES GROCER, THE .28. OCTOBER.}]

   About Easter the (^Guilde Hall^) in (^London^) , was begun   #
to bee
made newe by the forsayde Maior and Aldermen. The (^Custos^)
or (^Guardian^) , with the brethre~ of the Grocers in           #
(^Londo~^) , purchased
their Hall in (^Cunihope Lane^) , for 320. markes, and the~
laide the foundation therof on the tenth of May.
   (^Iohn Prendergest^) Knight, and (^William Long^) , kept the 
<P 574>
seas from Pirates and Rouers, so that the passage by Sea
was quiet, but by the ill willers they were accused of theft
& robberie themselues, whervpon the Knight toke Sanctuarie
at (^Westminster^) , where he could not haue an house or cotage
to hide his heade, for that the same was forbidden by
the King, so that he was forced to lye in a Tente whiche he
set vp in the Church Porch, and to haue men to watch him
in the nighte season, for feare of his enimie: but his fellowe
(^William^) remayned on the sea, vntill the Admirall had        #
prepared
shippes readie, and went in person to fetch him, whiche
he coulde not doe, till he promised him by his fidelitie,
that he shoulde haue no harme, which promise notwithsta~ding,
(^William^) was imprisoned in the tower of (^London^) . The
Earle of (^Arundale^) , the Earle of (^Kime^) , sir (^Robert    #
Vmfreuile^) ,
sir (^Iohn Oldecastle^) Lord of (^Cobham^) , sir                #
(^Iohn Gray^) , and other
warlike power, and a greate number of Archers were
sent into (^France^) to the ayde of the Duke of (^Burgoine^) ,  #
against
the Duke of (^Orleaunce^) , which at (^Saint Elo^) beside       #
(^Paris^) incou~tred
with the enimyes, vpon whom they had a noble victorie, 
wherfore they were bountifully rewarded by the Duke
of (^Burgoine^) , and then returned into (^Englande^) .
   A Squire of (^Wales^) named (^Riceap Dee^) , which had long
time rebelled against the King, was brought to (^London^) , and
there drawen, hanged and quartered.



<B CEHIST2B>
<Q E2 NN HIST HAYWARD>
<N ANNALS ELIZABETH>
<A HAYWARD JOHN>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HAYWARD, SIR JOHN.
ANNALS OF THE FIRST FOUR YEARS OF
THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, VII.
ED. J. BRUCE.
LONDON, 1840.
PP. 2.13  - 11.5    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 60.11 - 64.9    (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 86.28 - 90.29   (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 2>
   During this tyme, a Parliament was held at London, where the
Nobility of the Realme remayned with a more constant            #
countenance,
eyther as holding themselves assured, or for that they
would not descend to any other seeming. When they received
certaine intelligence of the death of Queene Mary, they         #
assembled
together in the upper howse, and, after a short debatement,     #
sent
to the Speaker of the Parliament, desiring him to come to them
forthwith, accompanyed with the whole body of the lower house,
[{for that they had{] to impart a matter of importance unto     #
them.
When they were come, and had setled themselves to attentione,
Doctor Heath, Archbishop of Yorke, and Lord Chauncelor of       #
England,
with a composed countenance and voice, as neither glad at
the death of the old Prince, nor discontended at the new,       #
declared
to them the assured advertisement of the death of the Queene:
That albeit the Parliament by this heavy accident did dissolve,
yet for that they had bin elected to represent the common       #
people
<P 3>
of the Realme, and to deale for them in matters of estate, they
could noe waye better dischardge that trust, then in joyninge   #
with
the Lords to publish the next Successour to the Crowne: That
the right and title of Lady Elizabeth, sister to the deceased
Queene, and onely daughter then surviving of King Henry the
Eighth, was esteemed by the Lords free from all quarrell, free
from all questione and doubt: that in no case expeditione is    #
more
expedient, than in these high passages of State, for            #
extinguishing
as well the vayne hopes of enemyes, as the false and needelesse
feares of friendes: that for this cause the Lords had desired   #
their
presence, that, with joynt consent of the whole assembly, the   #
Lady
Elizabeth might forthwith be proclaymed Queene.
   The Knights and Burgesses gave easy consent to that which
they sawe noe reason to deny. If happily some few had noe       #
inclination
that waye, yet, beeing unable to stay the course of so greate
a current, they were content not to shew a will to affect that
which they had no power to effect. Soe the same day shee was
proclaymed Queene by the principall Heraalts-at-Armes - first,
at the Pallace at Westminster, directly before the Hall-dore,   #
afterwards
at the Crosse in Cheape, and in other places of the Citye.
This ceremony was performed upon Thursday, the seventeenth
day of November, in the yeare 1558, in the five-and-twentieth
yeare of her age, when shee had been well instructed by         #
experience
and adversity, two excellent teachers for her, who had a        #
judgment
farre beyond her yeares.
   The same daye Reygnold Poole, Cardinall, and not long before
made Archbishop of Canterbury, departed this life, doubtfull    #
whether
<P 4>
by naturall disease, or by violence of griefe, or by some other
strange inforcement. He was one of the younger sonnes of        #
Margaret,
Countesse of Salisbury, daughter to George, Duke of Clarence, 
brother to King Edward the Fourth. Hee was learned and
eloquent, of noe comely presence, but of good grace in          #
delivering
his speach: herewith haughty, ambitious, and vehement in the    #
pursuite
of his purposes. Whereupon, as he had been formerly impatient
for not atteyning to the full degrees of his desires and        #
hopes, so
now, most of all, in fore-seeing the abatement of his honour,   #
and
the alteratione of the relligeone which hee did professe; for   #
establishment
whereof, in former times, he had practised so farr that
he had reasone to conceive he could not be indured in the       #
change.
   For the change in Religion which then insued, and had alsoe
happened not long before, was easily fore-seene by men of       #
understanding,
not onely by reasone of the consciences of the Princes,
formed in them by education, but alsoe out of their particular
interests and endes. For King Henry the eighth had taken to
wife Katherine of Arragon, who had beene formerly marryed to
Prince Arthur his elder brother; for which marriage (being      #
within
the degrees expressely prohibited in Leviticus) the Bishop of   #
Rome
gave a dispensatione. Now King Henry, following the opinione of
those Divines (as well Catholickes as Protestants) who judged   #
those
prohibitiones to bee naturall and morall, and that noe power    #
uppon
earth had power to grant a dispensatione against them, put away
Queen Katherine, and marryed Queene Anne Bullen, whilest she
still remained in life. Of this Katherine he had issue Mary; of
Anne Bullen, Elizabeth. So it was a marveilous motive for Queen
Mary to embrace and advance the authority of the Bishop of
Rome, for that the validity of King Henryes marryage with       #
Queene
Katherine her mother, was thereupon grounded: And this hath
not bin the weakest threed in the Pope's net, by dispensing in
<P 5>
such prohibited marriages to hoald Princes obnoxious unto him.
But on the other side, because yf the Bishop of Rome had power
to dispense in the first marriage of King Henry the eyght, then
was the subsequent marriage with Anne Bullen voyde; besides
the command of conscience, it was alsoe an inducement in        #
reasone
for Queene Elizabeth to reject his authority. And, albeit many
greate Princes doe neyther so easily resist, nor so moderately  #
follow
their desires as other men, because, by how much more they are
accustomed to be honoured and obeyed, by so much lesse          #
(advancing 
their wills above other respects) are they able to indure
to have their purposes eyther frustrated or delayed: yet was    #
not
this alteratione brought in sodaynly (as in other places it was
usually done) but by a more felt than seene manner of           #
proceeding.
Yea, some colour of hope was conceived, that noe alteratione
should be made at all; for that a Proclamatione was presently
set foorth, that no man should alter any Rites or Ceremonyes at
that tyme used in the Church: And, because, in such divisione   #
of
opinions, the Pulpits often serve as drummes and fiffes, to
inflame fury, Proclamatione was made, that noe man might        #
preach,
but such as should be allowed by authority: and thes alsoe were
charged to forbeare treating of controversyes in Religion not   #
to
move dispute touching governement, eyther for altering or       #
reteyning
the present forme. Hereuppon no Sermon was preached at Paules
<P 6>
Crosse, untill the Rehearsall Sermon was made upon the Sunday
after Easter: at which tyme when the Preacher was ready to
mount into the Pulpet, the keye could not be found: and when,
by commandement of the Lord Mayor, it was opened by a
smyth, the place was very filthy and uncleane. Alsoe the Ports
and Havens were diligently kept, that noe man might passe forth
of the Realme, or enter therein, without eyther licence or      #
notice at
the least, whereby many suspiciones and doubtes, and happily    #
some
dangeres, were prevented. Lastly, inhibitione was straightly    #
given
that no monyes should be made over by exchange for a tyme.
   And, for that the presence of the Prince is of greatest      #
moment
to establish affayres, the Queene, the next day after her       #
title was
proclaimed, removed from Hatfield, in Hartfordshire, where shee
then lay, towardes London; and was upon the way incountred
and intertained in all places with such a concourse of people,  #
with
soe lively representationes of love, joy and hope, that it      #
farr exceeded
her expectatione. The people of all sorts (even such whose
fortunes were unlike either to bee amended or impaired by       #
change)
went many myles out of the City to see her, some uppon          #
particular
affectione to her person, others upon opinione of good to the   #
State,
some uppon an ordinary levity and delight in change, and not a
few because they would doe as others did; all with like         #
fervency
contending who should most neerly approach unto her, who should
most cherefully bestow uppon her all honourable titles and      #
happy
wishes.
   Now, if ever any persone had eyther the gift or the stile    #
to winne
the hearts of people, it was this Queene; and if ever shee did  #
expresse
the same, it was at that present, in coupling mildnesse with
majesty as shee did, and in stately stouping to the meanest     #
sort.
All her facultyes were in motione, and every motione seemed a   #
well
guided actione; her eye was set upon one, her eare listened to
another, her judgement ranne uppon a third, to a fourth shee    #
addressed
<P 7>
her speech, her spiritt seemed to be every-where, and yet
so intyre in her selfe, as it seemed to bee noe where else.     #
Some
shee pityed, some shee commended, some shee thanked, at others
shee pleasantly and wittily jeasted, contemning noe person,     #
neglecting
noe office; and distributing her smiles, lookes, and graces,    #
soe
artificially, that thereupon the people againe redoubled the    #
testimonyes
of their joyes; and afterwards, raising every thing to the
highest straine, filled the eares of all men with immoderate    #
extolling
their Prince.
   Shee was a Lady, upon whom nature had bestowed, and well
placed, many of her fayrest favores; of stature meane, slender,
streight, and amiably composed; of such state her carriage, as
every motione of her seemed to beare majesty: her haire was     #
inclined
to pale yellow, her foreheade large and faire, a seemeing sete
for princely grace; her eyes lively and sweete, but             #
short-sighted;
her nose somewhat rising in the middest; the whole compasse of
her countenance somewhat long, but yet of admirable beauty, not
so much in that which is tearmed the flower of youth, as in a   #
most
delightfull compositione of majesty and modesty in equall       #
mixture.
But without good qualityes of mynde, the gifts of nature are    #
like
paynted floweres, without eyther vertue or sappe; yea,          #
sometymes
they grow horrid and loathsome. Now her vertues were such as
might suffice to make an Aethiopian beautifull, which, the      #
more a
man knowes and understands, the more he shall admire and love.  #
In
life, shee was most innocent; in desires, moderate; in          #
purpose, just;
of spirit, above credit and almost capacity of her sexe; of     #
divine
witt, as well for depth of judgment, as for quicke conceite     #
and speedy
expeditione; of eloquence, as sweete in the utterance, soe      #
ready and
easie to come to the utterance: of wonderfull knowledge both in
<P 8>
learning and affayres; skilfull not only in the Latine and      #
Greeke,
but alsoe in divers other forraine languages: none knew better
the hardest art of all others, that is, of commanding men, nor
could more use themselves to those cares without which the
royall dignity could not be supported. She was relligeous,
magnanimous, mercifull and just; respective of the honour of
others, and exceeding tender in the touch of her owne. Shee
was lovely and loving, the two principall bands of duty and
obedience. Shee was very ripe and measured in counsayle and
experience, as well not to lett goe occasiones, as not to take  #
them
when they were greene. Shee maintained Justice at home, and
Armes abroad, with great wisdome and authority in eyther place.
Her majesty seemed to all to shine though courtesy: but as shee
was not easy to receive any to especiall grace, so was shee     #
most
constant to those whom shee received; and of great judgment to
know to what point of greatnesse men were fit to bee advanced.
Shee was rather liberall than magnificent, making good choys
of the receivoures; and for this cause was thought weake by     #
some
against the desire of money. But it is certaine that beside the
want of treasure which shee found, her continuall affayres in   #
Scottland,
France, the Low Countries, and in Ireland, did occasione
greate provisione of money, which could not bee better          #
supplyed,
than by cutting off eyther excessive or unnecessary expence at
home. Excellent Queene! what doe my words but wrong thy
worth? what doe I but guild gold? what but shew the sunne
<P 9>
with a candle, in attempting to prayse thee, whose honor doth
flye over the whole world upon the two wings of Magnanimity
and Justice, whose perfection shall much dimme the lustre of    #
all
other that shall be of thy sexe? I will no longer staye upon
generall descriptiones, but proceede to such particular acts    #
as shall
manifest much more than I have said.
   When shee came to London, shee was lodged the first night    #
in 
the Charter-howse, where many greate persones, eyther for       #
birth,
or worthinesse, [{or place in the State,{] resorted unto her;   #
and now,
rising from dejected feares to ambitious hopes, contended who
should catch the first hold of her favour. The Queene did beare
her selfe moderately and respectively to all, desiring them,    #
if they
would not be deceived in her, that they would not be the first  #
to
deceive themselves: that they would not prejudice her in their
opiniones, as not by uncourteous suspicions and doubts, so not  #
by
immoderate expectationes and hopes, promisinge unto themselves
out of a suddayne likeing more then is fitt, or peradventure    #
possible,
to be performed: the fayleance whereof would eyther change or
abate theyr loves: that they would lay aside all fore-taken     #
conceits,
<P 10>
which, like painted glasse, doth colour all things which are
seene through it. Lastly, that they would not too rashly judge  #
of
her actions, as being privie neither to the occasiones of       #
them, nor
to their endes.
   So, after shee had passed the offices of court done to her   #
by
the Nobility and others, the day following, in the afternoone,
shee rode from thence to the Tower. At the Charter-howse gate
the Mayor of the city met her, and the Recorder with a short
speech saluted her in the name of the whole city. Shee rode in
great state through Barbican, the Mayor riding with Garter
King at Armes, and carrying a Scepter before her: shee entered
at Cripplegate, and so passed by the Wall to Bishoppes-gate.    #
This
gate was richly hanged, and thereuppon the Wayts of the City
sounded loud Musicke. At the head of the streete a scholler of
Paul's Schoole made to her a short speach in Latine Verses;
next unto him stood the Company of Mercers within their rayles,
and after them all the other Companyes, extending to the        #
furthest 
end of Mart lane. When she entred Mart lane a peale
of ordnance began at the Tower, which continued halfe an
hour or thereabouts. The presence of the Queene gave            #
perfectione
and life to all thes solemnityes. Shee answeared such
speaches as wer made unto her; shee graced every persone eyther
of dignity or employment; shee soe cheerfully both observed and
accepted every thing, that in the judgement of all men, all     #
these
honours were esteemed too meane for her worth. When shee was
entred into the Tower, shee thus spake to those about her:
"Some have fallen from being Princes of this land, to be        #
prisoners
in this place; I am raysed from beeing prisoner in this
<P 11>
place, to bee Prince of this land. That dejectione was a worke  #
of
God's justice; this advancement is a worke of his mercy; as
they were to yeeld patience for the one, so I must beare my     #
selfe
towards God thankfull, and to men mercifull and beneficiall     #
for the
other."

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 60>
   This advise beinge taken, battery was forthwith made with    #
nine
peices of ordinance against the steples, and although they lay  #
a
quarter of a mile of, yet the peices that lay upon St.          #
Anthonie's
steple were by them dismounted, and within six or seaven tyre
after, the peices on St. Nicholas steple were likewise cast     #
downe,
togither with a gunner that stode by one of them. The battery
continued all that daie, and especially against St. Nicholas    #
Church,
which the enimies had made their stoorehowse for provision, so  #
as
the walles and roofe were torne, and the steple altogither      #
defaced.
   And bycause the trenches were unfitt, in regard both of      #
distance
and scituation, to do anie great harme to the walles on that 
side of the towne, the pioners, as well Englishe as Scotts,     #
were
imploied to cast newe trenches, and to raise a mount on the     #
south
and south-west of the towne. The daie after the begininge of
this worke, about 300 or 400 shot of the French were secretly   #
sett
out of Lieth under covert of a place called litle London,       #
ready to
breake forth as occasion should invite them; after this a fewe
horsemen issued forth, and lightly hovered upon the Englishe
armie. At the last certeyne Englishe lances charged upon them,
whereupon they retired, and drewe the Englishe within danger of
<P 61>
their shot, but they agayne were as hotly saluted, partely by a
supplie of smale shot from the armie, and partlie by the        #
artillery
from the trenches; and, albeit the French did behave themselves
bravelie that daie, in skirmishinge almost two howers in the    #
face
of the cannon, yet were they enforced with much expence of
blood to retyre themselves into the towne.
   Diverse like games of fortune were plaied, with some losse   #
to
both parties, the French beinge desirous to give impediment to
the Englishe pioneers, but, either by their naturall rashenes,  #
or ill
fortune, they returned, for the most part, with disadvantage.   #
At
the last the trenches were finished, whereof some drewe so nere
to the towne, that a harquebuze might reach them that were in
the grene bullwarke close to the walles. Then was the armie
removed to the newe trenches, and, as they passed, manie peces  #
of
artillery were discharged from the towne against them; as they  #
were
busied in setlinge their campe, the French salied forth, and    #
offered
skirmishe, but the Englishe, beinge then both divided in        #
companie
and otherwise imploied, held them selues within their strength.
   Presently after this the Englishe assaulted a trench, which  #
the
French men had made without the towne, slue the skout and
diuerse soldiers that were within it, and made themselves       #
masters
of the place. Then they gave a great alarme to the towne both
by land and by water, and in the meane time, the newe trenches
were planted with canon. This done, the battery began on that
part of the towne against the walles, with effect answerable to
the assaylant's desire.
   On a certeyne daie, whilest this battery continued, a        #
sodaine
fire was raised towards eveninge in Lieth, which was no sooner
espied by the Englishe, but they discharged their ordinance     #
against
the same place, so, as helpe beinge dangerous, and the winde
growinge, the flame mightilie encreased and raged all that      #
night,
and imbraced also some of their stoore howses, so as much of    #
their
<P 62>
provision was consumed: the sodainenes of the adventure, and    #
the
darckenes of the night brought a great feare and confusion upon
them within the towne. Notwithstandinge, the French regarded
lesse their safety than their glory, salied forth at the same   #
tyme
and maineteyned skirmishe almost two howres. They manned
the walles also, and prepared all thinges, as if the assault    #
should
presently have bene given. But the breach was not then held
reasonable, and therefore an alarme onlie was made, and         #
certeyne
soldiers entered the ditch to veiwe exactly the state of the    #
walles.
   After this two trenches were made; the one was planted with
great ordinance, in the other certeyne shot were lodged, to     #
beate
of those who should appeare in defence of the walles. Then were
two false assaults given, onlie to discover where the           #
flanckees of
the breach did lie, and no sooner had the Englishe approched    #
the
ditch, but two or three voleyes of shot were discharged against
them from the flanckees, whereby about twenty of them were
slaine or hurt. Hereupon the battery was bent against the
flanckees, and in the greatest fury thereof, the French made a
salie upon the newe trenches, and so lyvelie charged the        #
Englishe,
that they constreyned them to give grownd a good waye, and,
notwithstandinge, redublinge in courage upon the importance of
their danger, they drave the French againe home to the towne;
and in the meane tyme, the great artillery did much hurt on     #
both
sides. In the very heat of these hurliments, the English burnt  #
one
of the milles beyond the water, and the daie followinge the     #
other,
which, when the French endeavoured to save, they were so galed
by two demie-culveringes from the trenches, that they were      #
constreyned
to abandon the enterprise.
   And nowe the artillery had executed so well, that, by the    #
opinion
of the Englishe commanders, the breach was faire, and the
towne in fit state to be assaulted: and thus it was comonly     #
concluded
by some, bycause they demed so inded; by others, through
<P 63>
a rashe impaciencie, more apt to contemne dangers, then able to
judge them; by the rest, to show themselves valiant, in things
which perteyne to the hasard more of the soldieres then         #
themselves;
and herein also they were supported by manie bold blouds
amonge the comon soldieres, who confirmed this devise with all
sorts of hopes which men followed with fortunate succes do no
lesse usually then vainely frame.
   Hereupon the generall, reposinge so great assurance both in  #
the
courage and fortune of his soldiers, commanded them, upon the
sixt daie of Maie, towards the eveninge, that they should be    #
readie
in armes by midnight, and, in the meane season, gave order that
the battery should not cease: he encouraged them also that      #
euery
man should go to his charge, and shewe the same will to execute
the enterprise which they had done to undertake it; that they   #
had
no more neede to doubt of the victorie, then they had to doubt  #
of
their owne valour; that it was in vaine to have so often chased
their enimies to their burrowes, if then they could not ferret  #
them
out of their hoales; that, if they vanquished the first bruit   #
of danger,
which, like a storme, would be furious and short, the residue
of the enterprise would be easy to attcheive.
   On the other side, the French, haveinge often tasted the     #
tough
temper of the Englishe, omitted no preparacion for their        #
defence,
knowinge right well, that there is no greater token of          #
receyving a
blowe then when men esteme to much of themselves and to litle
of their enimies, presuminge also that manie former good        #
fortunes
of the Englishe began to bred a presuminge boldnes.
   The next morninge by ij of the clocke diverse bands of       #
Englishe,
with greater courage then preparacion, advanced towardes
the towne. The lancers and light horsemen were appoynted to
girde the feild, the residue of the foote were left to defend   #
the
trenches, and to endanger those who should make appearance
upon the walles. The assailants pressed forwards and entered    #
the
<P 64>
ditches with boldenes inoughe, some approchinge the walles,     #
some
the bulwarks, others attemptinge the breach besids the milles.
But when they came to the impe of their exploite, the breach    #
was
fownd in good condition of defence, and for the bulwarks and    #
the
walles, the ladders were too short by two yards and more.       #
Besids,
the French had stopped the current of the river that night, 
whereby the ditches were so anoyed with water, that they were
troublesome to passe, albeit no other impediment should have
bene offered.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 86>
   This yeare, in Aprill, one William Geffry was whipped from 
the Marshall-sea, in Southwarke, untill he came to Bedlame,
without Bishopsgate, for affirming that one John More, whoe
then laye in Bedlame, was Jesus Christ, and that the same       #
Geffrye
was his disciple; uppon his heade was sett a paper, wherein
was expressed the quality of his offence, in thes wordes -      #
"William
<P 87>
Geffrye, a most blasphemous hereticke, denying Christ our       #
Saviour
[{to be{] in heaven." At Bedlame, John More was brought
fourth, before whom Geffrye was whipped, untill he confessed
that Jesus Christ was in heaven. Then was More examined, who
answearing both stoutly and crosly, was commanded to put offe
his apparrell, which he readily perfourmed, and then was tyed   #
to
a cart. But scarce had he bin whipped one bow-shott in length,
but he confessed that Jesus Christ was in heaven, and that he,
the sayd More, was a miserable man. Then was More returned 
prisoner to Bedlame, and Geffrye to the Marshall-sea, where     #
they
had remayned prisoneres about a yeere and a halfe before. I     #
have
sett downe this as a notable president to convince and reclayme
hereticks both obstinate and absurd, especially when they rise  #
to
any high pitch of madnesse; for, from some degree, without      #
exceptione,
I exempt none.
   Uppon the fourth of June, in the afternoone, the steeple of
Paules, in London, was fired by lightening. The fire was seene
to breake foorth about two or three yardes beneath the foote of
the Crosse, not much greater in appearance then the flame of a
candle, from whence it burned downward, and in short tyme
imbraced the whole spire of the steeple, and all the rooffes    #
of the
church. This fire was the more terrible, by reasone it was in a
conspicuous place, and threatned danger unto many, and was      #
alltogether
unapproacheable for remedy, as well in regard of the height
of the church as of the falling downe of the moulten lead. The
flames flew over many partes of the city; sparkes, and small
coales, were cast soe farr as the conduite in Fleete streete;   #
the
channelles about the church wer stopped, and the streetes       #
seemed
to be paved with leade. The people, being strooke with          #
amazement,
filled all places with tumult and confusione, expecting a
generall calamity of the city, and, thereuppon, buysying        #
themselves
to remove such goodes out of ther howses as they wer
<P 88>
most desirous to save. The fury of the fire was soe greate,     #
that,
within the space of fowre howres, it burned downe the spire of
the steeple and all the rooffes of the church. The timber worke
was consumed, the leade moulten, the belles cast downe, which
made a hideous noyse in the fall; the stone work, alsoe,        #
especially
towardes the topp, was sore shaken and weakened with the force
of the fire. And herein wer two things especially admired and
observed by some: one was, the sodayne encrease of the fire,    #
for
that it was noe sooner begunne, but foorthwith it was at the
highest; the other was, that, as if it had beene destined       #
onely for
the ruine of that place, it beganne at the topp of the spire    #
of the
steeple, and from thence fastened uppon every part of the       #
rooffes
of the church, and yet fell not from the rooffes (where the     #
fire did
most rage) uppon any of the buildings underneath. Hereuppon
strange conjectures wer conceived, as of secret causes, soe of  #
vayne
events, which did never ensue.
   Immediately uppon this misadventure, the Queene directed
her letteres to the Lord Mayor and citizens of London to take
speedy order for the repayring of thes harmes; and, for ther
better encouragement, shee delivered foorthwith one thousand
markes in gould toward the charge, and a warrant for one        #
thousand
loades of timber, to be taken out of her woodes or parkes
wheresoever. The citizenes of London granted a benevolence,
and three fifteenes, to be presently payd. The clergie of the   #
province
of Canterbury granted the fortieth part of the yearely valew
of thos benefices which payd first fruites, and of those which  #
payd
noe first fruits, the thirtieth part. The clergie of the        #
diocesse of
London granted the thirtieth part of the yearely valew of such
benefices as were charged with first fruites, and the twentieth
part of thos that were charged. All this, being collected       #
together,
with many other voluntary contributiones besides, amounted
to the sum of 5,968=li=. 16=s=. 1=d=. ob. Two of the clergie    #
of the
<P 89>
church of St. Paule, and sixe citizenes of London, wer          #
appoynted
to oversee and sett forward the worke, who used such diligence
in ther charge, that, within one month after the firing of the
church, all the fower greate roofes wer covered with a sleight
roofe of boordes and leade, onely to preserve the walles,       #
floores,
and vaultes, from the enjurie of the rayne. And, before the
yeare was expired, all the long rooffes wer raysed of new and
strong timber, the most part whereof was framed in Yorkshire,
and by sea conveyed to London: the charges of which worke
amounted to the summe of 5,982=li=. 13=s=. 4=d=. ob.
   Soe the receites wer fully expended; and yett the two        #
crosse-roofes,
which stand north and south, were not finished, but remayned 
still covered with boardes untill the yeare 1564. At
which tyme they wer raysed and perfected at the onely charge of
Edmund Grindall, then Bishopp of London, whoe expended, out
of his proper estate, 720=li=. in finishing that worke. This    #
Bishopp
was a man famous, whilest he lived, for his deepe judgment,     #
both
in learning and affayres of the world; famous, alsoe, both for  #
his
industry and gift in preaching; but cheifly he was famous for   #
his
magnanimous courage, in that it was noe lesse easy to divert    #
the
sunne from his proper course, then to pervert him to indirect
actiones. Hereuppon, because he stoode inflexible, eyther to a
bad cause or from a good, because his authority could not be
made serviceable eyther to the ambitione or lustes of otheres,
certayne greate persones wer displeased against him, and drew
uppon him some displeasure from the Queene. But, for that he
was not fearefull of the losse of his dignity, he was esteemed  #
by
her the more worthy to retayne it. And yet I am not assured
that the memory of his vertues would not have worne out, if     #
this
[{the{] last worke (worthie of any account) which, since that   #
tyme,
hath hitherto bin bestowed uppon the church of St. Paule, had
not beene an occasione to preserve them in lyfe.
<P 90>
   The Church of St. Paule in London was first built by         #
Ethelbert,
the first Christiane King of the Saxones, wherein Melitus
(one of those fowre whoe wer sent by Pope Gregory to convert
the Saxones) was appoynted to have his sea. This church was
ruined in the 20=th= yeare of William the Victor, by a raging   #
fire,
which did prostrate the greatest part of the city of London.    #
Hereupon
Maurrice, at that tyme Bishopp of London, beganne the
foundatione of the new Church of St. Paule; a worke so          #
admirable
that many conjectured it would never have bin finished.         #
Rychard,
his next successor, as well in vertue as in place, purchased    #
the
ground about the church, whereuppon many buildings did stand,
and incloased it with a strong wall of stone for a place of     #
buriall,
of which walle many partes continue at this tyme on both sides  #
of
the church, but covered and obscured with dwelling houses. He
expended all the revenues of his Bishopricke in advancing the   #
building
of this church, and maynteyned himselfe uppon his patrimony
and freindes, and yet all which he could doe, made noe greate   #
shew.
And albeit the succeedinge Bishoppes did with all diligence     #
drive
on the worke, yet was not the building of the steeple finished  #
untill
the sixth yeare of King Henry the Third, neyther could it be
made fitt for dedicatione untill the 24=th= yeare of the same   #
King's 
reigne. In that yeare it was dedicated by Roger Bishopp of      #
London,
the King beeing present, attended with many personages of 
honour, whoe wer all feasted by the bishopp and canonnes of the
same church. The length of this churche is 720 foote, the       #
bredth
thereof 130; the height of the steeple was 520 foote, whereof   #
the
stone worke, which still remayneth, is 260, and the spire, now
burned, was likewise 260. The bodye of the church is a 150      #
foote
in height.



<B CETRAV2A>
<Q E2 NN TRAV JOTAYLOR>
<N PENNILESS PILGRIMAGE>
<A TAYLOR JOHN>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TAYLOR, JOHN.
TEXT:  THE PENNYLES PILGRIMAGE.
ALL THE WORKES OF JOHN TAYLOR
THE WATER POET, 1630.
WITH AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE BY
V. E. NEUBURG (FACSIMILE).
LONDON: THE SCOLAR PRESS, 1977.
PP. 128.C1.45 - 133.C1.29     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 133.C2.27 - 136.C1.47     (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 136.C2.29 - 140.C2.35     (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 128.C1>
   To the purpose then: my first nights lodging
in (^Scotland^) was at a place called (^Mophot^) ,
which they say, is thirty miles from (^Carlile^) ,
but I suppose them to be longer then forty of
such miles as are betwixt (^London^) and Saint (^Albanes^) ,
but indeed the Scots doe allow almost
as large measure of their miles, as they
doe of their drinke, for an English Gallon either
of Ale or Wine, is but their quart, and
<P 128.C2>
one Scottish mile (now and then, may well 
stand for a mile and a halfe or two English)
but howsoeuer short or long, I found that
dayes iourney the weariest that euer I footed,
and at night being come to the Towne, I
found good ordinary Countrey entertainment;
my fare and my lodging was sweet and
good, and might haue serued a farre better
man then my selfe, although my selfe haue had
many times better: but this is to be noted, that
though it rained not all the day, yet it was my
fortune to be well wet twise, for (^I^) waded ouer
a great riuer called (^Eske^) in the morning, somewhat
more then foure miles distance from (^Carlile^) 
in (^England^) , and at night within two miles
of my lodging, I was faine to wade ouer the
Riuer of (^Annan^) in (^Scotland^) , from which Riuer
the County of (^Annandale^) , hath it's name. And
whilst I waded on foot, my man was mounted
on horse-backe, like the (^George^) without the
Dragon. But the next morning, I arose and
left (^Mophot^) behind me, and that day I traueled
twenty one miles to a sory Village called
(^Blithe^) , but I was blithe my selfe to come to
any place of harbour or succour, for since I
was borne, I neuer was so weary, or so neere
being dead with extreme trauell; I was founderd
and refounderd of all foure, and for my
better comfort, I came so late, that I must
lodge without doores all night, or else in a
poore house where the good-wife lay in
Child-bed, her husband being from home,
her owne seruant mayde being her nurse. A
Creature naturally compacted, and artificially
adorned with an incomparable homelines;
but as things were I must either take or leaue,
and necessity made mee enter, where we gat
Egges and Ale by measure and by tale. At
last to bed I went, my man lying on the floore
by mee, where in the night there were Pidgeons
did very bountifully mute in his face:
the day being no sooner come, and hauing
but fifteene miles to (^Edenborough^) , mounted
vpon my ten toes, and began first to hobble,
and after to amble, and so being warme, I fell
to pace by degrees; all the way passing thorow
a fertill Countrey for Corne and Cattle:
and about two of the clocke in the afternoone
<P 129.C1>
that Wednesday, being the thirteenth of
August, and the day of (^Clare^) the Virgin (the
signe being in (^Virgo^) ) the Moone foure dayes
old, the wind at West, I came to take rest, at
the wished, long expected, ancient famous
City of (^Edenborough^) , which I entred like Pierce
pennilesse, altogether monyles, but I thanke
God, not friendlesse; for being there, for the
time of my stay, I might borrow, (if any man
would lend) spend it I could get, begge if I
had the impudence, and steale, if I durst aduenture 
the price of a hanging, but my purpose
was to house my horse, and to suffer him
and my apparell to lye in durance, or Lauender
in stead of Litter, till such time as I could
meete with some valiant friend, that would
desperately disburse.
   Walking thus downe the street, (my body
being tyred with trauell, and my minde attyred
with moody, muddy, Moore ditch melancholly)
my Contemplation did deuoutly
pray, that I might meete one or other to prey
vpon, being willing to take any slender acquaintance
of any map whatsoeuer, viewing,
and circumviewing euery mans face I met, as
if I meant to drawe his picture, but all my acquaintance
was (\Non est Inuentus\) , (pardon me
Reader, that Latine is none of mine owne, I
sweare by (^Priscians Paricranion^) , an oath which
I haue ignorantly broken many times.) At last
I resolu'd, that the next Gentleman that I met
withall, should be acquaintance whether hee
would or no: and presently fixing mine eyes
vpon a Gentleman-like obiect, I looked on
him, as if I would suruay something through
him, and make him my perspectiue: and hee
much musing at my gazing, and I much gazing
at his musing, at last he crost the way and
made toward me, and then I made downe
the street from him, leauing to encounter
with my man, who came after me leading my
horse, whom he thus accosted. My friend
(quoth he) doth yonder Gentleman, (meaning
me) know me, that he lookes so wistly on
me? Truely Sir, said my man, I thinke not,
but my Master is a stranger come from (^London^) ,
and would gladly meete some acquaintance
to direct him where he may haue lodging and
<P 129.C2>
horse-meate. Presently the Gentleman, (being
of a generous disposition) ouer-tooke me with
vnexpected and vndeserued courtesie, brought
me to a lodging, and caused my horse to bee
put into his owne stable, whilest we discoursing 
ouer a pinte of Spanish, I related as much
English to him, as made him lend me tenne
shillings, (his name was Master (^Iohn Maxwell^) )
which money I am sure was the first that I handled 
after I came from out the walls of (^London^) :
but hauing rested two houres and refreshed
my selfe, the Gentleman and I walked to see
the City and the Castle, which as my poore
vnable and vnworthy pen can, I will truly describe.
   The Castle on a loftie Rocke is so strongly
grounded, bounded, and founded, that by
force of man it can neuer be confounded; the
Foundation and Walls are vnpenetrable, the
Rampiers impregnable, the Bulwarkes inuincible,
no way but one to it is or can be possible
to be made passable. In a word, I haue seene
many Straights and Fortresses, in (^Germany^) , the
(^Netherlands^) , (^Spaine^) , and (^England^) , but they must
all giue place to this vnconquered Castle,
both for strength and scituation.
   Amongst the many memorable things which
I was shewed there, I noted especially a great
peece of Ordnance of Iron, it is not for batterie,
but it will serue to defend a breach, or to
tosse balles of wilde-fire against any that
should assaile or assault the Castle; it lyes now
dismonted. And it is so great within, that it
was told me that a Childe was once gotten
there: but I, to make tryall crept into it, lying
on my backe, and I am sure there was roome
enough and spare for a greater then my selfe.
   So leauing the Castle, as it is both defensiue
against any opposition, and magnificke
for lodging and receite, I descended lower to
the City, wherein I obserued the fairest and
goodliest streete that euer mine eyes beheld,
for I did neuer see or heare of a street of that
length, (which is halfe an English mile from
the Castle to a faire Port which they call the
(^Neather-bow^) ) and from that Port, the streete 
which they call the (^Kenny-hate^) is one quarter of
a mile more, downe to the Kings Palace, called
<P 130.C1>
(^Holy-rood-House^) , the buildings on each side
of the way being all of squared stone, fiue, six,
and seuen stories high, and many by-Lanes
and Closes on each side of the way, wherein
are Gentlemens houses, much fairer then the
buildings in the high-street, for in the high-street
the Marchants and Tradesmen do dwell,
but the Gentlemens mansions and goodliest
houses are obscurely founded in the aforesaid
Lanes: the Walles are eight or tenne foote
thicke, exceeding strong, not built for a day,
a weeke, or a moneth, or a yeere; but from
Antiquitie to Posteritie, for many Ages;
There I found entertainement beyond my expectation
or merit, and there is fish, flesh,
bread and fruit, in such variety, that I thinke
I may offencelesse call it superfluity, or faciety.
The worst was, that Wine and Ale was so
scarce, and the people there such Mizers of it,
that euery night before I went to bed, if any
man had asked me a ciuill question, all the
wit in my head could not haue made him a sober
answer.
   I was at his Maiestis Palace, a stately and
Princely seate, wherein I saw a sumptuous
Chappell, most richly adorned with all appurtenances
belonging to so sacred a place, or so
Royall an owner. In the inner Court, I saw the
Kings Armes cunningly carued in stone, and
fixed ouer a doore aloft on the wall, the red
Lyon being the Crest, ouer which was written
this inscription in Latine,
(\Nobis haec inuicta miserunt, 106. proaui.\)
I enquired what the English of it was? it was
told me as followeth, which I thought worthy
to be recorded.
(^106. Fore-fathers haue left this to vs                        #
vnconquered.^) [^EDITION: vnchnquered^] 
This is a worthy and memorable Motto, and I
thinke few Kingdomes or none in the world
can truly write the like, that notwithstanding
so many inroades, incursions, attemps, assaults,
Ciuill warres, and forraigne hostilities,
bloody battels, and mighty foughten
fields, that maugre the strength and policy of
enemies, that Royall Crowne and Scepter 
hath from one hundred and seuen descents,
kept still vnconquered, and by the power of
the King of Kings (through the grace of the
<P 130.C2>
Prince of peace) is now left peacefully to our
peacefull King, whom long in blessed peace,
the God of peace defend and gouerne.
   But once more, a word or two of (^Edenborough^) ,
although I haue scarcely giuent it that
due which belongs vnto it, for their lofty and
stately buildings, and for their faire and spacious
streete, yet my minde perswades me that
they in former ages that first founded that Citie
did not so well in that they built it in so discommodious 
a place; for the Sea, and all nauigable
riuers being the chiefe meanes for the
enriching of Townes and Cities, by the reason
of Traffique with forraine Nations, with exportation,
transportation, and receite of variety
of Marchandizing; so this Citie had it
beene built but one mile lower on the Sea
side, I doubt not but it had long before this
beene comparable to many a one of our greatest
Townes and Cities in (^Europe^) , both for spaciousnesse 
of bounds, Port, state, and riches.
It is said, that King (^Iames^) the fifth (of famous
memory) did graciously offer to purchase for
them, and to bestow vpon them freely, certaine
low and pleasant grounds a mile from
them on the Sea shore, with these conditions,
that they should pull downe their Citie, and
build it in that more commodious place, but
the Citizens refused it: and so now it is like
(for me) to stand where it doth, for I doubt
such another profer of remouall will not bee
presented to them, till two dayes after the Faire.
   Now haue with you for (^Leeth^) , whereto I no
sooner came, but I was well entertained by
Master (^Barnard Lindsay^) , one of the Groomes
of his Maiesties Bed-chamber, hee knew my
estate was not guilty, because I brought guilt
with me (more then my sins, and they would
not passe for current there) hee therefore did
replenish the vaustity of my empty purse, &
discharged a piece at mee with two bullets of
gold, each being in value worth eleuen shillings
white money: and I was credibly informed, 
that within the compasse of one yeere,
there was shipped away from that onely Port
of (^Leeth^) , foure score thousand Boles of Wheat,             #
[^SOURCE TEXT: wheat.^]
Oates, and Barley into (^Spaine^) , (^France^) , and
other forraine parts, and euery Bole containes 
<P 131.C1>
the measure of foure English bushels, so that
from (^Leeth^) onely hath beene transported three
hundred and twenty thousand bushels of
Corne; besides some hath beene shipped away
from Saint (^Andrewes^) , from (^Dundee, Aberdeene,
Disert, Kirkady, Kinghorne, Burnt-Iland, Dunbar^) ,
and other portable Townes, which makes me
to wonder that a Kingdome so populous as it
is, should neuerthelesse sell so much bread-corne
beyond the Seas, and yet to haue more 
then sufficient for themselues.
   So I hauing viewed the Hauen and Towne
of (^Leeth^) , tooke a passage Boate to see the new
wondrous Well, to which many a one that is
not well, comes farre and neere in hope to be
made well: indeed I did heare that it had done
much good, and that it hath a rare operation
to expell or kill diuers maladies; as to prouoke
appetite, to helpe much for the auoyding of
the grauell in the bladder, to cure sore eyes,
and old vlcers, with many other vertues
which it hath, but I through the mercy of
God, hauing no need of it, did make no great
inquisition what it had done, but for nouelty
I dranke of it, and I found the taste to be more
pleasant then any other water, sweet almost as
milke, yet as cleare as cristall, and I did obserue,
that though a man did drinke a quart,
a pottle, or as much as his belly could containe, 
yet it neuer offended or lay heauy vpon
the stomacke, no more then if one had dranke
but a pint or a small quantity.
   I went two miles from it to a Towne called
(^Burnt-Iland^) , where I found many of my especiall
good friends, as Master (^Robert Hay^) , one
of the Groomes of his Maiesties Bed-chamber,
Master (^Dauid Drummond^) , one of his Gentlemen
Pentioners, Master (^Iames Acmooty^) , one
of the Groomes of the Priuie Chamber, Captaine 
(^Murray^) , Sir (^Henry Witherington^) Knight,
Captaine (^Tyrie^) , and diuers others: and there
Master (^Hay^) , Master (^Drummond^) , and the good
olde Captaine (^Murray^) did very bountifully
furnish mee with gold for my expences, but
I being at dinner with those aforesaid Gentlemen,
as we were discoursing, there befell a
strange accident, which I thinke worth the 
relating.
<P 131.C2>
   I know not vpon what occasion they began
to talke of being at Sea in former times, and I
(amongst the rest) said, I was at the taking of
(^Cales^) ; whereto an English Gentleman replyed,
that hee was the next good voyage after at the
Ilands: I answered him that I was there also.
He demanded in what ship I was? I tolde him
in the Rainebowe of the Queenes: why (quoth
he) doe you not know me? I was in the same
ship, and my name is (^Witherington^) .
   Sir, said I, I do remember the name well, but
by reason that it is neere two and twenty yeers
since I saw you, I may well forget the knowledge
of you. Well said he, if you were in that
ship, I pray you tell me some remarkable token
that happened in the voyage, whereupon
I told him two or three tokens; which he did
know to be true. Nay then, said I, I will tell
you another which (perhaps) you haue not
forgotten; as our ship and the rest of the fleet
did ride at Anchor at the Ile of (^Flores^) (one of
the Iles of the (^Azores^) ) there were some foureteene
men and boyes of our ship, that for nouelty
would goe ashore, and see what fruit the
Iland did beare, and what entertainment it
would yeeld vs: so being landed, we went vp
and downe and could finde nothing but
stones, heath and mosse, and wee expected
Oranges, Limonds, Figges, Muske-millions,
and Potatoes: in the meane space the wind did
blow so stiffe, and the Sea was so extreme
rough, that our Ship-boate could not come
to the land to fetch vs, for feare she should bee
beaten in pieces against the rockes: this continued
fiue dayes, so that we were almost famished
for want of food: but at last (I squandring
vp and downe) by the prouidence of God I
hapned into a Caue or poore habitation, where
I found fifteene loaues of bread, each of the
quantity of a penny loafe in (^England^) , I hauing
a valiant stomacke of the age of almost of a
hundred and twenty houres breeding, fell to,
and ate two loaues and neuer said grace: and
as I was about to make a Horse-loafe of the
third loafe, I did put twelue of them into my
breeches, and my sleeues, and so went mumbling
out of the Caue, leaning my backe against
a Tree, when vpon the sudden a Gentleman
<P 132.C1>
came to me, and said, Friend, what are
you eating? Bread, (quoth I.) For Gods sake
said he, giue me some. With that, I put my
hand into my breech, (being my best pantrey)
and I gaue him a Loafe, which hee receiued
with many thankes, and said, that if euer hee
could requite it, he would.
   I had no sooner told this tale, but Sir (^Henry
Witherington^) did acknowledge himselfe to bee
the man that I had giuen the Loafe vnto two
and twenty yeeres before, where I found the
Prouerbe true, that men haue more priuiledge
then mountaines in meeting.
   In what great measure hee did requite so
small a courtesie, I will relate in this following 
discourse in my Returne through (^Northumberland^) :
So leauing my man at the Town of (^Burnt 
Iland^) , I tolde him, I would but goe to (^Sterling^) ,
and see the Castle there, and withall to
see my honourable friends the Earle of (^Marr^) ,
and Sir (^William Murray^) Knight, Lord of (^Abercarny^) ,
and that I would returne within two 
dayes at the most: But it fell out quite contrary;
for it was fine and thirtie dayes before I
could get backe againe out of these Noble
mens company. The whole progres of my trauell
with them, and the cause of my stay, I cannot
with gratefulnesse omit; and thus it was.
   A worthy Gentleman named Master (^Iohn
Fenton^) , did bring me on my way sixe miles
to (^Dumfermling^) , where I was well entertained,
and lodged at Master (^Iohn Gibb^) his house, one
of the Groomes of his Maiesties Bed-chamber,
and I thinke the oldest Seruant the King hath:
withall, I was well entertained there by Master
(^Crighton^) at his owne house, who went with
me, and shewed me the Queenes Palace; (a
delicate & Princely Mansion) withall I saw the
ruines of an ancient & stately built Abey, with
faire gardens, orchards, medowes belonging to
the Palace: all which with faire & goodly reuenues
by the suppression of the Abbey, were annexed
to the Crowne. There also I saw a very 
faire Church, which though it bee now very
large and spacious, yet it hath in former times
beene much larger. But I taking my leaue of
(^Dumfermling^) , would needs goe and see the
truely Noble Knight Sir (^George Bruce^) , at a
<P 132.C2>
Towne called the (^Cooras^) : there he made mee
right welcome, both with varietie of fare, and
after all, hee commanded three of his men to
direct mee to see his most admirable Colemines;
which (if man can or could worke
wonders) is a wonder: for my selfe neither in 
any trauels that I haue beene in, nor any History
that I haue read, or any Discourse that I
haue heard, did neuer see, read, or heare of
any worke of man that might parallell or bee
equiualent with this vnfellowed and vnmatchable
work: & though all I can say of it, cannot
describe it according to the worthines of
his vigilant industry, that was both the occasion, 
Inuentor, & Maintainer of it: yet rather 
then the memory of so rare an Enterprise, and
so accomplisht a profit to the Common-wealth
shall bee raked and smothered in the dust of
obliuion, I will giue a little touch at the description
of it, although I amongst Writers, am
like he that worst may hold the candle.
   The Mine hath two wayes into it, the one
by sea and the other by land; but a man may
goe into it by land, and returne the same way
if he please, and so he may enter into it by sea,
and by sea he may come forth of it: but I for
varieties sake went in by sea, and out by land.
Now men may obiect, how can a man goe into
a Mine, the entrance of it being into the sea,
but that the Sea will follow him, and so drown
the Mine? To which obiection thus I answer,
That at low water, the sea being ebd away,
and a great part of the sand bare; vpon this
same sand (being mixed with rockes and
cragges) did the Master of this great worke
build a round circular frame of stone, very
thicke, strong, and ioyned togethher with glutinous
or bitumous matter, so high withall that
the Sea at the highest flood, or the greatest
rage of storme or tempest, can neither dissolue
the stones so well compacted in the building
or yet ouerflowe the height of it. Within
this round frame, (at all aduentures) hee did
set workemen to digge with Mattockes, Pick-axes,
and other instruments fit for such purposes.
They did dig forty foot downe right,
into and through a rocke. At last they found
that which they expected, which was Sea-cole,
<P 133.C1>
they following the veine of the Mine, did dig
forward still: So that in the space of eight and
twenty, or nine and twenty yeeres, they haue
digged more then an English mile vnder the
Sea, that when men are at worke belowe, an
hundred of the greatest shippes in (^Britaine^)
may saile ouer their heads. Besides, the Mine
is most artificially cut like an Arch or a Vault,
all that great length, with many nookes and
by-wayes: and it is so made, that a man may
walke vpright in the most places, both in and
out. Many poore people are there set on work,
which otherwise through the want of imployment 
would perish. But when I had seene the
Mine, and was come forth of it againe; after
my thankes giuen to Sir (^George Bruce^) , I told
him, that if the plotters of the Powder Treason
in England had seene this Mine, that they (perhaps) 
would haue attempted to haue left the
Parliament House, and haue vndermined the
Thames, and so to haue blowne vp the Barges
and Wherries, wherein the King, and all
the Estates of our Kingdome were. Moreouer,
I said, that I could affoord to turne Tapster
at (^London^) , so that I had but one quarter of
a mile of his Mine to make mee a Celler, to
keepe Beere and Bottle-ale in. But leauing
these Iests in Prose, I will relate a few Verses
that I made merrily of this Mine.
  
<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 133.C2>
   The Sea at certaines places doth leake, or
soake into the Mine, which by the industry of
Sir (^George Bruce^) , is all conueyd to one Well
neere the land; where he hath a deuice like a
horse-mill, that with three horses and a great
chaine of Iron, going downeward many fadomes,
with thirty sixe buckets fastened to the 
chaine, of the which eighteene goe downe
still to be filled, and eighteene ascend vp to
be emptied, which doe emptie themselues
(without any mans labour) into a trough that
conueyes the water into the Sea againe; by 
which meanes he saues his Mine, which otherwise
would be destroyed with the Sea, besides
he doth make euery weeke ninety or a hundred
Tunnes of salt, which doth serue most part of
(^Scotland^) , some he sends into (^England^) , and very
much into (^Germany^) : all which shewes the painfull
industry with Gods blessings to such worthy
endeauours: I must with many thankes remember
his courtesie to me, and lastly how he
sent his man to guide mee tenne miles on the
way to (^Sterling^) , where by the way I saw the outside
of a faire and stately house called (^Allaway^) ,
belonging to the Earle of (^Marr^) , which
<P 134.C1>
by reason that his Honor was not there, I past
by and went to (^Sterling^) , where I was entertained
and lodged at one Master (^Iohn Archibalds^) ,
where all my want was that I wanted roome to
containe halfe the good cheere that I might
haue had there; hee had me into the Castle,
which in few words I doe compare to (^Windsor^) 
for situation, much more then (^Windsor^) in
strength, and somewhat lesse in greatnesse; yet
I dare affirme, that his Maiesty hath not such
another hall to any house that he hath neither
in (^England^) or (^Scotland^) , except Westminster Hall
which is now no dwelling Hall for a Prince,
being long since metamorphosed into a house
for the Law and the profits.
   This goodly Hall was built by King (^Iames^)
the fourth, that marryed King (^Henry^) the eights
sister, and after was slaine at (^Flodden field^) ; but
it surpasses all the Halls for dwelling houses
that euer I saw, for length, breadth, height
and strength of building, the Castle is built
vpon a rocke very lofty, and much beyond
(^Edenborough^) Castle in state and magnificence,
and not much inferiour to it in strength, the
roomes of it are lofty, with carued workes on
the seelings, the doores of each roome being
so high, that a man may ride vpright on horse-backe
into any chamber or lodging. There is
also a goodly faire Chappell, with Cellers,
Stables, and all other necessary Offices, all
very stately & befitting the Maiesty of a King.
   From (^Sterling^) I rode to Saint (^Iohnston^) , a fine
Towne it is, but it is much decayed, by reason 
of the want of his Maiesties yeerely comming
to lodge there. There I lodged one night
at an Inne, the goodman of the house his
name being (^Petricke Pettcarne^) , where my entertainement
was with good cheere, good
lodging, all too good to a bad weary guest.
Mine Host told me that the Earle of (^Marr^) , and
Sir (^William Murray^) of (^Abercarny^) were gone to
the great hunting to the (^Brea^) of (^Marr^) ; but
if I made haste I might perhaps finde them at 
a Towne called (^Breekin^) , or (^Breechin^) , two and
thirty miles from Saint (^Iohn stone^) whereupon
I tooke a guide to (^Breekin^) the next day, but
before I came, my Lord was gone from thence
foure dayes.
<P 134.C2>
   Then I tooke another guide, which brought
me such strange wayes ouer mountaines and
rockes, that I thinke my horse neuer went the
like; and I am sure I neuer saw any wayes that
might fellow them. I did go through a Countrey
called (^Glaneske^) , where passing by the side
of a hill, so steepe as the ridge of a house,
where the way was rocky, and not aboue a
yard broad in some places, so fearfull and 
horrid it was to looke down into the bottome,
for if either horse or man had slipt, he had fallen
(without recouery) a good mile downeright;
but I thanke God, at night I came to a
lodging in the Lard of (^Eggels^) Land, where I
lay at an Irish house, the folkes not being
able to speake scarce any English, but I sup'd
and went to bed, where I had not laine long,
but I was enforced to rise, I was so stung with
Irish Musketaes, a creature that hath sixe legs,
and liues like a monster altogether vpon mans
flesh, they doe inhabite and breed most in sluttish
houses, and this house was none of the
cleanest, the beast is much like a louse in (^England^) ,
both in shape and nature; in a word,
they were to me the (^A.^) and the (^Z.^) the Prologue
and the Epilogue, the first and the last that I
had in all my trauels from (^Endenborough^) ; and 
had not this High-land Irish house helped me
at a pinch, I should haue sworne that all (^Scotland^)
had not beene so kind as to haue bestowed
a Louse vpon me: but with a shift that I had, I
shifted off my Canibals, and was neuer more
troubled with them.
   The next day I trauelled ouer an exceeding
high mountaine, called mount (^Skeene^) , where I
found the valley very warme before I went vp
it; but when I came to the top of it, my teeth
beganne to dance in my head with cold, like
Virginals iacks; and withall, a most familiar
mist embraced me round, that I could not see
thrice my length any way: withall, it yeelded
so friendly a deaw, that it did moysten thorow
all my clothes: Where the old Prouerbe
of a Scottish Miste was verified, in wetting me
to the skinne. Vp and downe, I thinke this hill
is sixe miles, the way so vneuen, stony, and
full of bogges, quagmires, and long health,
that a dogge with three legs will out-runne 
<P 135.C1>
horse with foure: for doe what we could, wee
were foure houres before we could passe it.
   Thus with extreme trauell, ascending and
descending, mounting and alighting, I came
at night to the place where I would be, in the
Brea of (^Marr^) , which is a large County, all
composed of such mountaines, that Shooters
hill, Gads hill, Highgate hill, Hampsted hill,
Birdlip hill, or Maluernes hill, are but Molehills
in comparison, or like a Liuer, or a Gizard
vnder a Capons wing, in respect of the 
altitude of their tops, or perpendicularitie of
their bottomes. There I saw Mount (^Benawne^) ,
with a furrd'd mist vpon his snowie head in
stead of a nightcap: (for you must vnderstand,
that the oldest man aliue neuer saw but the
snow was on the top of diuers of those hills,
both in Summer, as well as in Winter) There
did I finde the truely Noble and Right Honourable
Lords (^Iohn Erskin^) Earle of Marr,
(^Iames Stuart^) Earle of Murray, (^George Gordon^)
Earle of Engye, sonne and heire to the Marquesse
of Huntley, (^Iames Erskin^) Earle of
Bughan, and (^Iohn^) Lord (^Erskin^) , sonne and
heire to the Earle of Marr, and their Countesses,
with my much honoured, and my best
assured and approued friend, Sir (^William Murray^) 
Knight, of (^Abercarny^) , and hundred of 
others Knights, Esquires, and their followers;
all and euery man in generall in one habit, as if
(^Licurgus^) had beene there, and made Lawes of
Equality: For once in the yeere, which is the
whole moneth of August, and sometimes part
of September, many of the Nobility and Gentry
of the Kingdome (for their pleasure) doe
come into these high-land Countries to hunt,
where they doe conforme themselues to the
habite of the High-land-men, who for the
most part speake nothing but Irish; and in former
time were those people which were called
the (^Red-shankes^) . Their habite is shooes with
but one sole apiece; stockings (which they
call short hose) made of a warme stuffe of
diuers colours, which they call Tartane: as
for breeches, many of them, nor their forefathers
neuer wore any, but a ierkin of the same
stuffe that their hose is of, their garters being
bands or wreathes of hay or straw, with a plead
<P 135.C2>
about their shoulders, which is a mantle of
diuers colours, much finer and lighter stuffe
then their hose, with blue flat caps on their 
heads, a handkerchiefe knit with two knots
about their necke: and thus are they attyred.
Now their weapons are long bowes and forked
arrowes, Swords and Targers, Harquebusses,
Muskets, Durks, and Loquhabor-Axes.
With these Armes I found many of them armed
for the hunting. As for their attire, any
man of what degree soeuer that comes amongst
them, must not disdaine to weare it:
for if they doe, then they will disdaine to hunt,
or willingly to bring in their Dogges: but if
men be kind vnto them, and be in their habit; 
then are they conquered with kindnesse, and
the sport will be plentifull. This was the reason
that I found so many Noblemen and Gentlemen
in those shapes. But to proceed to the
hunting.
   My good Lord of (^Marr^) hauing put me into
that shape, I rode with him from his house,
where I saw the ruines of an old Castle, called
the Castle of (^Kindroghit^) . It was built by
King (^Malcolm Canmore^) (for a hunting house)
who raigned in (^Scotland^)  when (^Edward^) the Confessor,
(^Harold^) , and Norman (^William^) raigned
in (^England^) : I speake of it, because it was the last
house that I saw in those parts; for I was the
space of twelue dayes after, before I saw either
House, Corne-field, or habitation for any
creature, but Deere, wilde Horses, Wolues,
and such like creatures, which made mee
doubt that I should neuer haue seene a house
againe.
   Thus the first day wee traueld eight miles,
where there were small cottages built on purpose
to lodge in, which they call Lonquhards,
I thanke my good Lord (^Erskin^) , hee commanded
that I should alwayes bee lodged in his
lodging, the Kitchin being alwayes on the
side of a banke, many Kettles and Pots boyling,
and many spits turning and winding, with
great variety of cheere: as Venison bak't, sodden,
rost, and stu'de Beefe, Mutton, Goates,
Kid, Hares, fresh Salmon, Pidgeons, Hens,
Capons, Chickins, Partridge, Moorecoots,
Heathcocks, Caperkellies, and Termagants;
<P 136.C1>
good Ale, Sacke, White, and Claret, Tent,
(or Allegant) with most potent (^Aquavitae^) .
   All these, and more then these we had continually,
in superfluous aboundance, caught
by Faulconers, Fowlers, Fishers, and brought
by my Lords Tenants and Purueyers to victuall
our Campe, which consisteth of fourteen
or fifteene hundred men and horses; the manner
of the hunting is this: Fiue or sixe hundred
men doe rise early in the morning, and they
doe disperse themselues diuers wayes, and
seuen, eight or tenne miles compasse, they
doe bring or chase in the Deere in many
heards, (two, three or foure hundred in a
heard) to such or such a place, as the Noblemen
shall appoint them; then when day is
come, the Lords and Gentlemen of their
Companies, doe ride or goe to the said places,
sometimes wading vp to the middles
through bournes and riuers: and then they
being come to the place, doe lye downe on
the ground, till those foresaid Scouts which
are called the Tinckhell, doe bring downe the
Deere: But as the Prouerbe sayes of a bad
Cooke, so these Tinckhell men doe like their
owne fingers; for besides their bowes and arrowes
which they carry with them, wee can
heare now and then a Harquebusse or a Musket
goe off, which they doe seldome discharge
in vaine: Then after we had stayed there three
houres or thereabouts, we might perceiue the
Deere appeare on the hills round about vs,
(their heads making a shew like a wood) which
being followed close by the Tinkhall, are chased
downe into the valley where we lay; then
all the valley on each side being way-laid with
a hundred couple of strong Irish Grey-hounds,
they are let loose as occasion serues vpon the
heard of Deere, that with Dogges, Gunnes,
Arrowes, Durkes, and Daggers, in the space
of two houres, fourescore fat Deere were
slaine, which after are disposed of some one
way, and some another, twenty and thirty
miles, and more then enough left for vs to
make merry withall at our Rendez-vous. I liked
the sport so well, that I made these two
Sonnets following.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 136.C2>
   Being come to our lodgings, there was such 
Baking, Boyling, Roasting, and Stewing, as
if Cooke Russian had beene there to haue scalded
the Deuill in his feathers: and after supper
a fire of Firre-wood as high as an indifferent
May-pole: for I assure you, that the Earle of
(^Marr^) will giue any man that is his friend,
for thankes, as many Firre trees (that are as
good as any shippes masts in England) as are
worth (if they were in any place neere the
Thames, or any other portable riuer) the best
Earledome in England or Scotland either:
For I dare affirme, hee hath as many growing
there, as would serue for masts (from this time
to the end of the world) for all the shippes,
Carackes, Hoyes, Galleyes, Boates, Drumlers,
Barkes, and Water-crafts, that are now,
or can be in the world these fourty yeeres.
   This sounds like a lye to an vnbeleeuer; but 
I and many thousands doe knowe that I speake 
<P 137.C1>
within the compasse of truth: for indeede (the
more is the pitty) they doe grow so farre from
any passage of water, and [^SOURCE TEXT: aad^] withall in       #
such rockie
Mountaines, that no way to conuey them is
possible to bee passable, either with Boate,
Horse, or Cart.
   Thus hauing spent certaine dayes in hunting
in the Brea of (^Marr^) , wee went to the next
County called (^Bagenoch^) , belonging to the Earle
of (^Engie^) , where hauing such sport and entertainement
as we formerly had; after foure or
fiue dayes pastime, we tooke leaue of hunting
for that yeere; and tooke our iourney toward
a strong house of the Earles, called (^Ruthen^) in
(^Bagenoch^) , where my Lord of (^Engie^) and his Noble
Countesse (being daughter to the Earle
of (^Argile^) ) did giue vs most noble welcome
three dayes.
   From thence we went to a place called (^Ballo
Castle^) , a faire and stately house, a worthie
Gentleman being the Owner of it, called the
Lard of (^Graunt^) ; his wife being a Gentlewoman
honourably descended being sister to
theright Honourable Earle of (^Atholl^) , and to
Sir (^Patricke Murray^) Knight; she being both inwardly
and outwardly plentifully adorned
with the gifts of Grace and Nature: so that
our cheere was more then sufficient; and yet
much lesse then they could affoord vs. There
stayed there foure dayes, foure Earles, one
Lord, diuers Knights and Gentlemen, and
their seruants, footmen and horses; and euery
meale foure long Tables furnished with all varieties:
Our first & second course being threescore
dishes at one boord; and after that alwayes
a Banquet: and there if I had not forsworne
wine till I came to (^Edenborough^) , I thinke
I had there dranke my last.
   The fifth day with much adoe we gate from
thence to (^Tarnaway^) , a goodly house of the
Earle of (^Murrayes^) , where that right Honourable
Lord and his Lady did welcome vs foure
dayes more. There was good cheere in all variety,
with somewhat more then plenty for aduantage:
for indeed the Countie of (^Murray^) is
the most pleasantest, and plentifull Countrey
in all (^Scotland^) ; being plaine land, that a Coach
may be driuen more then foure and thirtie
<P 137.C2>
miles one way in it, alongst by the Sea-coast.
   From thence I went to (^Elgen^) in (^Murray^) , an
ancient Citie, where there stood a faire and
beautifull Church with three steeples, the walls
of it and the steeples all yet standing; but the
Roofes, Windowes, and many Marble Monuments
and Toombes of honourable and
worthie personages all broken and defaced:
this was done in the time when ruine bare
rule, and Knox knock'd downe Churches.
   From (^Elgen^) we went to the Bishop of (^Murray^)
his house which is called (^Spinye^) , or (^Spinaye^) :
a Reuerend Gentleman he is, of the Noble
name of (^Dowglasse^) , where wee were very well
wel-comed, as befitted the honour of himselfe
and his guests.
   From thence we departed to the Lord Marquesse 
of (^Huntleys^) , to a sumptuous house of his,
named the (^Bogg of Geethe^) , where our entertainement
was like himselfe, free, bountifull
and honourable. There (after two dayes stay)
with much entreatie and earnest suite, I gate
leaue of the Lords to depart towards (^Edenborough^) :
the Noble Marquesse, the Earle of (^Marr,
Murray, Engie, Bughan^) , and the Lord (^Erskin^) ;
all these, I thanke them, gaue me gold to defray
my charges in my iourney.
   So after fiue and thirty dayes hunting and
trauell, I returning, past by another stately
mansion of the Lord Marquesses, called (^Stroboggi^) ,
and so ouer (^Carny^) mount to (^Breekin^) , 
where a wench that was borne deafe and dumb
came into my chamber at midnight (I being
asleepe) and shee opening the bed, would
faine haue lodged with mee: but had I beene a
(^Sardanapalus^) , or a (^Heliogabalus^) , I thinke that either
the great trauell ouer the Mountaines had
tamed me; or if not, her beautie could neuer
haue moued me. The best parts of her were,
that her breath was as sweet as sugar-carrion,
being very well shouldered beneath the waste;
and as my Hostesse told me the next morning,
that she had changed her Maiden-head for the
price of a Bastard not long before. But howsoeuer,
shee made such a hideous noyse, that I
started out of my sleepe, and thought that the
Deuill had beene there: but I no sooner knew
who it was, but I arose, and thrust my dumb
<P 138.C1>
beast out of my chamber; and for want of a
locke or a latch, I staked vp my doore with a
great chaire.
   Thus hauing escaped one of the seuen deadly 
sinnes as at (^Breekin^) , I departed from thence
to a Towne called (^Forfard^) ; and from thence to
(^Dundee^) , and so to (^Kinghorne^) , (^Burnt Iland^) , and
so to (^Edenborough^) , where I stayed eight dayes,
to recouer my selfe of falls and bruises which I
receiued in my trauell in the High-land mountainous
hunting, Great welcome I had shewed
me all my stay at (^Edenborough^) , by many worthy
Gentlemen, namely, old Master (^George Todrigg^) ,
Master (^Henry Leuingston^) , Master (^Iames Henderson^) ,
Master (^Iohn Maxwell^) , and a number of
others, who suffered mee to want no wine or
good cheere, as may be imagined.
   Now the day before I came from (^Edenborough^) ,
I went to (^Leeth^) , where I found my long approued
and assured good friend Master (^Beniamin Iohnston^) ,
at one Master (^Iohn Stuarts^) house:
I thanke him for his great kindnesse towards
me: for at my taking leaue of him, he gaue me
a piece of gold of two and twenty shillings to
drink his health in (^England^) . And withall, willed
me to remember his kind commendations to
all his friends: So with a friendly farewell, I
left him as well, as I hope neuer to see in a
worse estate: for he is amongst Noblemen and
Gentlemen; that knowe his true worth, and
their owne honours, where, with much respectiue 
loue he is worthily entertained.
   So leauing (^Leeth^) , I return'd to (^Edenborough^) ,
and within the port or gate, called the (^Netherbowe^) ,
I discharged my pockets of all the money
I had: and as I came pennilesse within the
walls of that Citie at my first comming thither;
so now at my departing from thence, I 
came moneylesse out of it againe; hauing in
company to conuey me out, certaine Gentlemen,
amongst the which was Master (^Iames
Acherson^) , Laird of (^Gasford^) , a Gentleman that
brought mee to his house, where with great 
entertainement he and his good wife did
welcome me.
   On the morrow he sent one of his men to
bring me to a place called (^Adam^) , to Master
(^Iohn Acmootye^) his house, one of the Groomes
<P 138.C2>
of his Maiesties Bed-chamber; where with
him and his two brethren, Master (^Alexander^) ,
and Master (^Iames Acmootye^) , I found both cheere
and Welcome, not inferiour to any that I had
had in any former place.
   Amongst our viands that wee had there, I
must not forget the Soleand Goose, a most
delicate Fowle, which breeds in great aboundance
in a little Rocke called the (^Basse^) , which
stands two miles into the Sea. It is very good 
flesh, but it is eaten in the forme as wee eate
Oysters, standing at a side-boord, a little before
dinner, vnsanctified without Grace; and
after it is eaten, it must be well liquored with
two or three good rowses of Sherrie or Canarie
sacke. The Lord or Owner of the (^Basse^) doth
profit at the least two hundred pound yeerely
by those Geese; the (^Basse^) it selfe being of a
great height, and neere three quarters of a
mile in compasse, all fully replenished with
Wildfowle, hauing but one small entrance into
it, with a house, a garden, and a Chappell
in it; & on the toppe of it a Well of pure fresh
water.
   From (^Adam^) , Master (^Iohn^) and Master (^Iames
Acmootye^) went to the Towne of (^Dunbarr^) with
me, where ten Scottish pints of wine were consumed,
and brought to nothing for a farewell:
there at Master (^Iames Baylies^) house I tooke
leaue, and Master (^Iames Acmootye^) comming
for (^England^) , said, that if I would ride with him,
that neither I nor my horse should want betwixt
that place and (^London^) . Now I hauing no
money or meanes for trauell, began at once to
examine my manners and my want: at last my
want perswaded my manners to accept of this
worthy Gentlemans vndeserued courtesie. So
that night he brought me to a place called (^Cober-spath^) , 
where we lodged at an Inne, the like 
of which I dare say, is not in any of his Maiesties
Dominions. And for to shewe my thankfulnesse
to Master (^William Arnet^) and his wife,
the Owners thereof, I must explaine their
bountifull entertainement of guests, which is
this:
   Suppose ten, fifteene, or twenty men and
horses come to lodge at their house, the men
shall haue flesh, tame and wild-fowle, fish with
<P 139.C1>
all varietie of good cheere, good lodging,
and welcome; and the horses shall want neither 
hay or prouender: and at the morning at
their departure the reckoning is iust nothing.
This is this worthy Gentlemans vse, his chiefe
delight being onely to giue strangers entertainment
(^gratis^) : And I am sure, that in (^Scotland^)
beyond (^Edenborough^) , I haue beene at houses
like Castles for building; the master of the
house his Beauer being his blue Bonnet, one
that will weare no other shirts, but of the Flaxe
that growes on his owne ground, and of his
wiues, daughters, or seruants spinning; that
hath his Stockings, Hose, and Ierkin of the
Wooll of his owne Sheepes backes; that neuer
(by his pride of apparell) caused Mercer, Draper,
Silke-man, Embroyderer, or Haberdasher 
to breake and turne bankerupt: and yet
this plaine home-spunne fellow keepes and
maintaines thirty, forty, fifty seruants, or perhaps
more, euery day releeuing three or foure
score poore people at his gate; and besides all
this, can giue noble entertainment for foure or
fiue dayes together to fiue or sixe Earles and
Lords, besides Knights, Gentlemen and their
followers, if they bee three or foure hundred
men, and horse of them, where they shall not
onely feede but feast, and not feast but banket,
this is a man that desires to know nothing so
much, as his duty to God and his King whose
greatest cares are to practise the workes of
Piety, Charity, and Hospitality: he neuer
studies the consuming Art of fashionlesse fashions,
hee neuer tries his strength to beare
foure or fiue hundred Acres on his backe at
once, his legges are alwayes at liberty, not
being fettred with golden garters, and manacled
with artificial Roses, whose weight (sometime)
is the Reliques of some decayed Lordship:
Many of these worthy house-keepers
there are in (^Scotland^) , amongst some of them I
was entertained; from whence I did truely gather
these aforesaid obseruations.
   So leauing (^Coberspath^) , we rode to (^Barwicke^) ,
where the worthy old Soldier and ancient
Knight, Sir (^William Bowyer^) , made me welcome,
but contrary to his will, we lodged at an Inne,
where Master (^Iames Acmooty^) paid all charges:
<P 139.C2>
but at (^Barwhicke^) there was a grieuous chance
hapned, which I thinke not fit the relation to
be omitted.
   In the Riuer of (^Tweed^) , which runnes by
(^Barwicke^) , are taken by Fishermen that dwell
there, infinite numbers of fresh Salmons, so
that many housholds and families are relieued
by the profit of that fishing; but (how
long since I know not) there was an order that
no man or boy whatsoeuer should fish vpon a
Sunday: This order continued long amongst
them, till some eight or nine weekes before
Michaelmas last, on a Sunday, the Salmons
plaid in such great aboundance in the Riuer,
that some of the Fishermen (contrary to Gods
law and their owne order) tooke Boates and
nettes and fished, and caught three hundred
Salmons; but from that time vntill Michaelmas
day that I was there, which was nine
weekes, and heard the report of it, and saw the
poore peoples lamentations, they had not
seene one Salmon in the Riuer; and some of
them were in despaire that they should neuer
see any more there; affirming it to be Gods
Iudgement vpon them for the prophanation
of the Sabbath.
   The thirtieth of September we rode from
(^Barwicke^) to (^Belford^) , from (^Belford^) to (^Anwicke^) ,
the next day from (^Anwick^) to (^Newcastle^) , where
I found the noble Knight, Sir (^Henry Witherington^) ; 
who, because I would haue no gold nor
siluer, gaue me a bay Mare, in requitall of a
loafe of bread that I had giuen him two and
twenty yeeres before, at the Iland of (^Flores^) , of
the which I haue spoken before. I ouertooke
at (^Newcastle^) a great many of my worthy
friends, which were all comming for (^London^) ,
namely, Master (^Robert Hay^) , and Master (^Dauid
Drummond^) , where I was welcom'd at Master
(^Nicholas Tempests^) house. From (^Newcastle^) I rode
with those Gentlemen to (^Durham^) , to (^Darington^) , 
to (^Northalerton^) , and to (^Topcliffe^) in (^Yorkeshire^) ,
where I tooke my leaue of them, and
would needs try my pennilesse fortunes by my
selfe, and see the City of (^Yorke^) , where I was
lodged at my right Worshipfull good friend,
Master Doctor (^Hudson^) one of his Maiesties
Chaplaines, who went with me, and shewed
<P 140.C1>
me the goodly Minster Church there, and the
most admirable, rare-wrought, vnfellowed
Chapter house.
   From (^Yorke^) I rode to (^Doncaster^) , where my
horses were well fed at the Beare, but my selfe
found out the honourable Knight, Sir (^Robert
Anstruther^) at his father in lawes, the truely noble
Sir (^Robert Swifts^) house, he being then high
Sheriffe of (^Yorkeshire^) , where with their good
Ladies, and the right Honourable the Lord
(^Sanquhar^) , I was stayed two nights and one day,
Sir (^Robert Anstruther^) (I thanke him) not only
paying for my two horses meat, but at my departure,
he gaue me a letter to (^Newarke^) vpon
(^Trent^) , twenty eight miles in my way, where
Master (^George Atkinson^) mine Host made me as
welcome, as if I had beene a French Lord, and
what was to be paid, as I call'd for nothing, I
paid as much; and left the reckoning with many
thankes to Sir (^Robert Anstruther^) .
   So leauing (^Newarke^) , with another Gentleman
that ouertooke me, we came at night to
(^Stamford^) , to the signe of the Virginitie (or the
Maydenhead) where I deliuered a Letter from
the Lord (^Sanquhar^) ; which caused Master (^Bates^)
and his wife, being the Master and Mistresse of
the house, to make me and the Gentleman that
was with me great cheere for nothing.
   From (^Stamford^) the next day we rode to (^Huntington^) ,
where we lodged at the Post-masters
house, at the signe of the Crowne; his name
is (^Riggs^) . He was informed who I was, and
wherefore I vndertooke this my pennilesse
Progresse: wherefore he came vp to our chamber,
and sup'd with vs, and very bountifully
<P 140.C2>
called for three quarts of Wine and Sugar,
and foure Iugges of Beere. He did drinke and
beginne healths like a Horse-leech, and swallowed
downe his cuppes without feeling, as if
he had had the dropsie, or nine pound of
Spunge in his maw. In a word, as he is a Poste,
he dranke poste, striuing and calling by all
meanes to make the reckoning great, or to
make vs men of great reckoning. But in his
payment he was tyred like a Iade, leauing the
Gentleman that was with me to discharge the
terrible Shott, or else one of my horses must
haue laine in pawne for is superfluous calling,
and vnmannerly intrusion.
   But leauing him, I left (^Huntington^) , and rode
on the Sunday to (^Puckeridge^) , where Master
(^Holland^) at the Faulkon, (mine old acquaintance)
and my louing and ancient Hoste gaue
mee, my friend, my man, and our horses excellent 
cheere, and welcome, and I paid him
with, Not a penny of money.
   The next day I came to (^London^) , and obscurely
coming within More-gate, I went to a house
and borrowed money: And so I stole backe
againe to (^Islington^) , to the signe of the Maydenhead,
staying till Wednesday, that my friends
came to meete me, who knew no other, but
that Wednesday was my first comming: where
with all loue I was entertained with much
good cheere: and after Supper we had a play
of the life and death of (^Guy of Warwicke^) , played
by the Right Honourable the Earle of (^Darbie^)
his men. And so on the Thursday morning being
the fifteenth of October, I came home to
my house in (^London^) .   



<B CETRAV2B>
<Q E2 NN TRAV COVERTE>
<N TRUE REPORT>
<A COVERTE ROBERT>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^COVERTE, ROBERT.
A TRVE AND ALMOST INCREDIBLE REPORT
OF AN ENGLISHMAN, 1612.
THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 302.  
AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM
LTD. AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS,
1971 (FACSIMILE).
PP. 11.11 - 19.33   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 36.33 - 45.37   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1> 
<P 11>
   The 12. day our Pinnis went on shore to the same
place, with master (^Iordan^) , one of our Merchants. At
whose comming on shore, after some conference with
some that could speake (^Portugall^) , but not with those
(as it seemed) with whom we spake the day before,
for these told master (^Iordan^) the King was a (^Mallaibar^) ,
and after some other conference, master Iordan told
them, that although our ship were an English ship, yet
he was a (^Portugall^) Merchant, and the goods in the 
ship were (^Portugals^) goods. Then they told vs wee 
should not want for any thing they had, and hereupon
they sent a (^Moore^) into our boat to make search for a
conuenient watering place, who after some small
search, brought vs to a little hole at the bottome of
a hill, being hemmed in with the hill on the one side
and a dich on the other side, there we filled our Barreecoes,
and being ready to goe aboard, wee desired the 
(^Moore^) to goe aboard with vs, who willingly agreed
thereto, and we vsed him very kindly, till the next
morning that we went to water againe, and carried
him on shore with vs, by whose report of his kinde vsage
aboard, there came downe with him, another
that could speake a little (^Portugall^) , who (as hee said)
was one of the Kings Gentlemen, him wee also
brought aboard and vsed him very kindly, and set
him a shore the next day. Who promised at his deperture
to bring vs Hennes, Coquonuts, and Orenges,
<P 12>
which he did accordingly, and then our Master,
with master (^Reuet^) and my selfe went ashore with
some others of the Company, where wee dined,
and after dinner came two Cauelliers, and a (^Moore^)
being one of their slaues to the watering place, where
our men were filling of the Caske, and asked whether
there were any of the chiefe of our ship, or Company
there, to who~ (^Edward Churchman^) one of our Company
made answer, & said there was our Master, and one 
of the Merchants, whom (if it pleased them) he would
bring to parlee with them: and at their meeting,
they saluted each other after the (^Portugall^) maner. And
after some Conference, demanding what wee were,
we told them we were (^Englishmen^) , and they replied
that we were very welcome, and all that they had, or
the Iland could afford, was at our command and disposing; 
to whom we gaue harty thanks. 
   But these sugred words of theirs, was only in outward
shew, to cloake their treacherous practises, as
afterward we found it true.
   Then we demanded what they were, and it was
answered, that one of them was the Kings brother,
who instantly shewed vs a siluer ring, whereon was
ingrauen the number of villages, and houses, or cottages
in the Iland, and said he was Ruler and Gouernor
of all those places. Then we asked them, if there
were any (^Portugals^) in the Iland, they said no, for
they had banished them all because they would
haue reliefe there perforce, and would make slaues
of the people of the Iland, (which being not able to
indure) they made continuall warres with them at 
their comming thither.
   In the meane time, our Pinnis came on shore,
which had beene at an other place of the Iland for Cattell,
according to appointment, but were deferred of,
till they might get fitter opportunity for their intended
treacherie.
<P 13>
   Then our men told vs that they had heard of that
side of the Iland where they were for Cattell that 15.
saile of (^Hollanders^) had lately taken (^Mosembege^) , and
put all the (^Portugals^) to the sword, which newes they
had heard from (^Zinzibar^) to be true, whereat these           #
Cauelliers 
seemed outwardly to reioice, which was also
another subtill traine to bring vs within compasse of
their intended treachery. And when night drew on,
we intreated them to goe aboard with vs, which then,
they refused to doe, but promised to come aboard the 
next day being the seuenteenth day of December,
which the Kings brother (as he named himselfe) did
with two others, but before they came aboard, they
craued pledges, which they had, viz. (^Thomas Caue,
Gabriel Brooke^) , and (^Laurence Pigot^) our Surgeon.
The other three being then aboard, we vsed them verie 
kindly vntill they went on shore, on the eighteenth
day in the morning: And our General gaue the chiefe
of them two Goats, a paper Cartridge of Gunpowder
and some other small trifles to the other two, and
so went on shore, and master (^Reuec^) , master (^Iordan^) ,
(^M. Glascot^) & my selfe went with them for our pledges,
& at our comming on shore and fearing no treacherie,
we went sixe or eight vnaduisedly vp to the houses
for our pledges, whom we found garded with fifty
or sixty men armed with seuerall weapon, as Bowes
and Arrowes, Swords and Bucklers, Darts, and
Curltleaxes, yet at our comming thither, wee receiued
our pledges and without longer stay, departed
to the Sea side, accompanied with the Kings
brother, and immediatly most of those (^Moores^) came
also after vs, and sixe or eight of them came to our
Pinnis side and viewed her and so departed againe
to the rest of their fellowes.
   And we instantly entered our boat, and intreated the 
Kings brother to go aboard with vs, which he willingly
did, & we entertained him with all kindnes that we
<P 14>
could, vntill towards night that he was to depart, when
our Master offered him a knife, with some other odde
trifles, which he scornfully refused, and presently went        #
ashoare 
in our boat. Vpon this, we mistrusted some trechery, 
intended against vs, and therefore thought to bee
better armed at our next comming ashoare.
   The 19. day our Long boat went a shore in the morning
verie early, to fill our Caske with water, and hauing
filled the same, within a litle, they espied our sailes
out, being let downe to dry; but they imagined we were
going away: wherevpon the companion to the Kings brother
came to our boatswaine, and asked him if wee were
going away; The boat-swaine, as well as he could, both
by signes and otherwise, told him, it was only to dry
our sailes. And as they were thus talking, they espied our 
Pinnace comming, being then very well armed, and left
off making any further inquirie; which Pinnace had they
not then espied, it was likely they had intended to haue
cut off our men, and taken our boat; for there was two of
these Rogues at the least lying in ambush about the watering
place, readie to haue giuen the onset, if the watchword
had been giuen. By this time our Pinnace was
come to the shore, and our men standing on their gard
vpon the sands, not farre from her, then our Master sent
(^Nicholas White^) , one of our gang, to tell them of the Iland
that our Merchants were come on shoare, who passing by
one of their houses, might perceiue the same to be full of
people, & amongst the rest, Or Portugales, in long branched
damaske Coats, lined with blew taffata, and vnder
the same, white callico breeches. This (^Nicholas White^) , at
his returne, told vs, and presently came downe the companion
to the Kings brother, and told Master (^Reuec^) , the
Marchants were weary, and intreated them to go vp to
the~ to see the Cattell, which was only one bullock which
(^Nicholas White^) saw at his going vp, and no more. But 
Master Reuet craued pardon desiring him to send downe
the Bullocke, and their was commodities in the boat to
<P 15>
make satisfaction for the same. With this answer, and seeing
vs better armed then we were wont to bee, he went
away. The Kings brother being then on the sands, commanded
a Negro to gather Coquonuts to send to our
General, and made choise of (^Edward Churchman^) one of
our men, to fetch the same, whom we neuer saw after,
nor could euer know what became of him; But when
they saw that none of vs would come a shore, but stood
vpon our gard, they gaue the watchword and sounded a
horne, and presently set vpon our men at the watering
place and slew (^Iohn Harrington^) , the boat-swaines man,
and wounded (^Robert Buckler^) , Master (^Ellanors^) man very
sore, with 8. or 10. seuerall wounds, and had killed him,
but that we discharged a Musket or two, which (as it seemed)
hurt some of them; for then they retired and cried
out: and so (though weake and faint) he did at length recouer
our boat. Also two or three more of our men by creeping,
and lying close in the ditch, vntill they espied our
boat, got also safe aboard; and then counting our men, we
only missed (^Edward Churchman^) , and (^Iohn Harrington^) ,
that was slaine: and so comming aboard, we certified the 
company of all our proceedings on shoare; and our Surgeon 
dressed (^Robert Buckler^) , and after, did his best for
his cure and recouery of his health.
   The twentieth day in the morning we went on shoare
with our Pinnace and Long-boat, very wel armed to
fetch in our Dauid, (which is a piece of wood or timber
wherewith we hale vp our Ancor) and a little beyend the 
same, we found (^Iohn Harrington^) dead, and starke naked,
whom we buried at another Iland, hard by the maine
Iland.
   The naturall people of the Iland (^Pemba^) , seeme to bee 
louing and kind: for they made signes to me and others,
at our first comming, to beware of our throats cutting:
which then we tooke no heede or notice of, vntill this
their treachery put vs in minde thereof againe.
   The same day (being the 20. day) we waighed Ancor,
<P 16>
and about 12. of the  clocke at night, our ship was on
ground, on the shoulds of (^Meluidee^) , or (^Pemba^) , which
we certainely knew not: Yet God of his mercy, (as
formerly in the late pretended treacherie, so in that
extreamity) did mightily defend and preserue vs,
whose name bee praised and glorified now and 
euermore.
   The 21. day in the morning, wee espied three saile
being small boats, sleightly wrought together, called
(^Paugaias^) which we made after and tooke, which they
on shore espying, they sent out an Aduisor being also
a (^Paugaia^) , which perceiued that wee had taken the other 
and returned to the shore.
   Now of those which we had taken there were some
6. or 8. of the chiefest that were thought by our company
to be (^Portugals^) , the rest being certainely known
to be (^Moores^) , and were in all some fourty and odde
persons, and those sixe or eight were pale and white,
much differing from the colour of the (^Moores^) , Yet
being asked, what they were, they said, they were
(^Moores^) , and shewed vs their backes all written with
Characters; and when we affirmed them to be (^Portugals^) ,
they then told vs the (^Portugals^) were not 
circumcised.
   But to conclude; our Company would not be perswaded
but that they were (^Portugals^) : then some of
our Co~pany told them of al the intended treacheries
with the losse of two of our men, and wounding of the
the third, which made them fearefull of our reuenge,
(as it seemed) and then they talked together in their
owne language, which made vs also suspect, some villanous
and desperat attempt to be pretended by them,
and therefore, I kept my selfe still vpon the poope,
and looked carefully to the swords which stood nakedly
in the Masters Cabbin, which they also knew and
noted, and marked Master (^Glaskock^) , and my selfe
where we set our swords still expecting to haue the
<P 17>
place voided, which I perceiuing, kept good watch,
lest greater hurt should ensue thereby, and being thus
alone on the poope they beckoned me three or four seuerall
times to come to them vpon the spare Deck [^SOURCE TEXT:        #
D ck^] , which
I denied, lest they should so recouer the swords, whereby
far more harme might haue beene done, then afterwards
was done.
   Then our Master came vpon the spare decke and
demanded, which was their Pilot, whom hee tooke
downe into his Cabbin, and shewed him his plat,
which he at his comming downe did very earnestly
behold.
   But at his going from the rest with our Master, he 
spake in the (^Moores^) language, warning them (as we
thought) to looke to themselues and doe their best amongst
vs, and to giue eare when he gaue the watchword,
and then to giue the Onset.
   Also there were speaches vsed that the Pilot had a
knife about him, and being searched for it, he nimblie
conueied the same from the one side to the other, and
therwith suddenly stabbed the Master into the belly, &
then cried out, which (belike) was the Watchword:
For then they began the onset on the spare decke,
where Master (^Glascocke^) , Master (^Tindall^) , our           #
Generall, 
and one or two more with them chanched to kill
foure or fiue of the white Roagues, and made such hauocke
among the rest, that at length they had slaine almost
fourty of them, and brought the rest in 
subiection.
   Now, a little before our Master thus called the Pilot,
he entreated our Generall, that if they had any
garuances or peason (being their Country food) they
would let vs haue some, which they should be paid for,
& what was taken from them should be redeliuered,
with free liberty to go where they would, whereto the
General consented, & heereupon our Master called the
Pilot, to see if he had any skil in the Plat, and so to let
<P 18>
him depart, and all the rest. But when thus treacherously 
they offered vs the first abuse, we could doe no
lesse then we did, being in our owne defence, and for
the safegard of our liues.
   Yet did some fiue or sixe of these villaines, recouer
a (^Pangaia^) by their excellent swiftnesse in swimming,
and escaped to the shore, they swimming to windward,
faster then our Pinnis could rowe.
   In this skirmish were hurt but three of our Company,
namely, Master (^Glascocke^) , with two wounds,
whereof one was a deepe wound in his backe, Master
Tindals was aimed at his breast, he hauing nothing in
his hand to defend himselfe, yet by the assistance of the 
Almighty he turned himselfe about and receiued the
stabbe in his arme, and our Masters was in his belly,
as is formerly said, which (God be thanked) they all 
recouered and were well cured.
   The 19. day of January wee espied many Ilands,
which the (^Portugals^) call by the name of (^Almaisant^) ,     #
being
to the number of nine Ilands, al vnpeopled as the
(^Portugals^) write and affirme.
   The 20. day we sent our Pinnis in the morning to
one of those Ilands to seeke fresh water, but could finde 
none: yet they found there great store of Land Turtles,
and brought some sixe aboard, then wee sailed
to an other Iland, which seemed more likely for fresh
water then the first, where we cast Ancor.
   The 21. day about ten of the Clock in the forenoone
Riding there at twelue or thirteene fathome water,
and a reasonable good harbour, we staied there vntill
the first day of February, and then waighed Ancor,
and departed. Here we refreshed our selues very well
with fresh water, Coquonuts, fish, Palmitoes, and
Doues, great plenty.
   They first day of February, we set saile, and sailed
with a faire winde vntill the 19. day, that wee passed
the Equinoctiall line, and on the fifteenth day in the
<P 19>
morning betime, we came within ken of land, which 
was the coast of (^Melueidey^) vpon the maine.
   The 16. day we came to an Ancor, about nine of 
the Clocke in the morning, at 12. fathome water, and
some two leagues from the shore, and presently wee
sent our Pinnis to the shore to seeke some refreshing,
but they could by no meanes get on shore; nor would
the people of the Countrey (being fearefull) come
within parly, which at their returne they certified our
Master of, and so in the afternoone we set saile againe,
and departed.
   Now about this time it pleased God, (by the confession 
of (^William Acton^) , one of our ship boies) to reueale
a foule and detestable sinne committed amongst
vs; which being approued against him by a Jury, hee
was condemned to die, and was executed for the same
on the third day of March (being Friday) in the 
morning.
   The 21. day betimes in the morning, we espied an
Iland standing in the height of 12. Degrees and 17.
minutes, being barren and vnpeopled, ouer against
which Iland, some three leagues distant, stood foure 
hillocks or rocks, & for this Iland we bore vp a whole
day, and a night, and finding it to be barren and vnpeopled,
by sending our skiffe on shore, wee passed by
it, and the same day wee espied three Ilands more about
sunne setting standing in the height of 12. Degrees
and 29. minutes, to which Ilands we came the 
29. day of March, 1609. two of which Ilands were
within a league one of another, and the third we found
to be (^Sacatora^) , and standeth in 12. Degrees and 24.
minutes where we Ancored in a fine Bay the 30. day,
in the morning about ten of the Clocke.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 36>
   These are the names of his ten Viceroys, beeing all
Heathens, but very worthy men, and expert in the 
warres. Hee hath a great number of Noble men to
attend on him. An Earle is called a (^Nawbob^) , and
they are the chiefe men that attend on him, when he goeth
<P 37>
abroad: for at home none attend him but Euenuches
or gelded men.
   His Lord chiefe Justice is an Euenuch, and is called
(^Awlee Nawbob^) : hee is thought to bee woorth twenty
English millions: Hee keepeth twenty Elephants,
one hundreth and fifty Camels and Dromedaries, and
fiue hundreth Horse to attend on him.
   The Lord Treasurer is a mighty man, called Sultan
(^Carowdon^) : Hee hath forty Elephants to attend
him, two hundreth Camels and Dromedaries, and
one thousand Horse at his seruice. And when he commeth
to sit in his place of Justice, hee is brought vpon
an Elephant clad in cloth of gold or siluer, and sometimes
in a Pollankan, carried by foure slaues, he lying
in it, as if hee lay in a cradle, in as great pomp and ease
as may bee, and hath soar maces of siluer and gilt carried
before him, and ten banners, and as great attendance, 
as if hee were a King; yet on Twesdaies and
Thursdaies the King himselfe sits in Judgement of
all causes: He custometh all strangers goods himselfe,
the custome beeing but small at his pleasure, as sometimes,
the value of ten shillings, custometh goods
worth two hundreth pound. Also if a Merchant stranger, 
bring wares or merchandize from a farre Countrey:
as from (^Chyna, Bengalla^) , and thinketh hee shall
make a bad voiage, or lose thereby: if hee acquaint the
King therewith, and that the merchandize bee fit for
Kings, Princes, and Noble men, the King himselfe
will take part thereof, and cause his Nobles to take
the rest, at such rates as the Merchant, shall not only
bee a sauer, but a great gainer thereby.
   The (^Mogoll^) , lyueth in as great state and pompe as
may be deuised, both for Maiestie and princely pleasure;
for hee had brought before him euery day during our abode
there, 50. Elephants royall, clad in cloth of golde
and siluer, with drums fifes and trumpets, whereof,
some fight one with another, wounding one another very
<P 38>
deadly, and cannot be parted but with Rackets of 
wilde fier, made round like hoopes, and so run the same in
their faces, and some of them fight with wilde horses, as
one Elephant with 6. horses, whereof he hath killed 2.          #
instantly
by clasping his trunck about their neckes, and so 
pulling them to him, with his teeth breaketh their 
necks.
   Also there are tame Elephants that will take the viceroyes 
sonnes being the Kings pages with their
truncks, gaping as they would eat them, and yet verie
gently will set them vpon his owne head, and hauing sitten
there a good space, will set them downe againe one
their feet as tenderly as a mother would set downe her
owne childe, doing them no harme at all.
   The Elephant wil not goe out of the sight of his female,
nor will he be ruled if he doe, this I can speake by
experience hauing seene triall made thereof. Also euery he
Elephant, hath 3. or 4. females, and I saw one that had 
4. females and 12. yong ones of his owne begetting.
   There ingendring is strange, for the female
lieth downe on her backe, and he commeth vpon her, and
so ingender. But if he perceiue any man to beholde or
see him thus ingendring hee will kill him if he can.
   Also the King hath Deare, Rammes, Veruathoes or
Beazors, Lyons, Leopards, and Wolues, that fight before
him. Also if a Cauilier be condemned for any offence
and iudged to die, he may by the custom of the Country,
Craue combate with a Lion for his life, (which the
King denieth to none that crave it) as for example, I saw
one, that at the first incounter strooke the Lion with his
fist that he felled him, but the Lion recouering, returned
with great furie and violence, and caught such hold on
him that he rent out his guts, with the heart and liuer
and so tore him in peeces, and this was performed before
the King.
   Also there are horses that fight with Allegators or 
Crocodiles in Tancks or ponds of water where I also
<P 39>
saw one Allegator kill 2. stone horses at one time. There 
is also a faire Riuer called (^Indawe^) , running from thence
to (^Mesopotamia^) , & carrieth boats or lighters of 40. tun,
and is replenished with fish of all sorts.
   Also there are 4. Basars or markets euery day in the 
weeke, and great store of all things to be bought and sold
there, and at a very reasonable rate. As a hen for 2. pence,
a Turkey for 6. pence, a liue deare for a dollar, a sheep for
2. shillings, a goat for 2. shillings, a couple of oxen for 4.
dollars, being 16. shillings sterling, a good hogge for 2.      #
shillings,
but none buy them but Christians, and none sell
them but the Bannyans, who breed them, and as much 
fish for 3. pence as will serue 5. reasonable men at a 
meale.
   Also great store of fruit, as Limmons, Oranges, Apricocks,
Grapes, Peares, Apples and Plummes; But
with their grapes they make no wines because their
lawes forbid it: Also Raisons as great and faire as
Raisons of Damasko, with great store of cloth of golde
veluets and silkes out of (^Persia^) , and silkes and cloth of
gold from (^Chyna^) , but those are course and lowe prised;
but abundance are their vended; and Captaine Hawkins
thinketh that our Richer silkes, veluets, and such 
like would be excellent good commodities there.
   But especially our Cloth of light coulors. For there
is no Cloth, but a kind of course Cloth like Cotton, which
is made at (^Lyhore^) , and at a Towne called (^Esmeere^) :
and their finest and best, is a kind of course red cloth, like
a Venice red, and this is the vsuall wearing for the chiefest 
Cauiliers; and these are all the places of clothing that 
I could by any meanes heare of in all that Country.
   The word (^Mogoll^) , in their language is as much 
as to say, the great white King; for he is a white man and 
of the Race of the Tartares. He is King of many Kingdomes,
and writeth himselfe in his stile, (^Patteshaw Shelham
Shogh^) , that is, the King of all the great coynes. For
there is a seuerall coyne at (^Lahore^) , another at            #
(^Bramport^)
<P 40>
another at (^Surrot^) , another at (^Cambaia^) , another at     #
(^Sabbarton^) ,
and another at (^Awgru^) , And for his seuerall
Kingdomes, he is King, of the (^Guzarats^) , of the             #
(^Bannians^)
of the (^Bulloits^) of (^Callicot^) and (^Bengolla^) which are
(^Gentiles^) , of the (^Indestands^) of the (^Mogolles^) , of   #
the (^Hendouns^) ,
of the (^Moltans^) , of the (^Puttans^) , of the                #
(^Bullochies^) ,
and of the (^Alkeysors^) , with some others, which I cannot
particularly name. Also he writeth himselfe the nynthe
King from (^Iamberlaine^) . And to this his great stile he is
also of as great power, wealth and commande, yet will
he vrge none of what Nation soeuer to forsake their Religions, 
but esteemeth any man somuch the better, by
how much the more he is firme and constant in his Religion,
and of all other he maketh most accompt of Christians, 
and will allow them double the meanes that hee
giueth to any other nation, and keepeth continually two
Christians Friars, to conuerse with them in the Christian
Religion and manners of Christendome. He hath
also the picture of our Lady in the place of his prater or
Religious proceedings, and hath oftentimes said that
he could find in his heart to be a Christian, if they had
not so many Gods: There was at my being there an
Armenian Christian that in hope of gaine and preferment
turned More, which being told the King, he saide,
if he thought to saue his soule thereby, that was a sufficient
Recompence for him, but he would rather haue
giuen him preferment if he had kept himselfe still a 
Christian.
   The (^Mogoll^) is also verie bountifull, for to one that
gaue him a little deere he gaue 1000. Ruckees, being
100. pound sterling, also to another that gaue him a couple
of land spannels, he gaue the like reward, and to another
that gaue him two Cocks he gaue 2000. Ruckees.
   Also there be excellent faire Hawkes of all sorts from
the Goshauke to the Sparehauke, and great store of
game, as Phesants, Partriges, Plouers, Quailes,
Mallard, and of all other sorts of fowle in great plentie.
<P 41>
   There are no great dogges but a kind of Mungrels,
whereof two wil hardly kill a deare in a whole day, and
yet they are so choise ouer them, that they make them
coates to keepe them warme and cleane. Nor haue
they any parkes, but Forrests, and Commons, wherein
any man may hunt that will, saue only within 6. miles
of (^Agra^) round about which is lymitted and reserued for
the Kings priuate pleasure onely.
   The King hath there begun a goodly monument
for his Father, which hath been already 9. yeeres in building,
and will hardly be finished in 5. yeeres more, and 
yet there are continually 5000. workemen at worke
thereon.
   The substance therof, is very fine marble, curiously
wrought.
   It is in forme 9. square, being 2. English miles about
and 9. stories in height.
   Also, it was credibly reported vnto me by a Christian
Friar (who solemnly protested he heard the King him
selfe speake it) that hee intended to bestow a hundreth
millions of Treasure on that monument.
   And hauing viewed and seen this great and rich Citie
of (^Agra^) with the pleasures and Commodities thereof; 
on the 18. day of (^Ianuarie^) , my selfe with (^Ioseph         #
Salcbancke^)
and (^Iohn Frenchan^) , went to the King and craued
his Passe for (^England^) , who very courteously dema~ded
of vs if we would serue him in his wars, offering
vs what maintenance we would aske of him; which wee
humbly excused, both in regard of this our voiage, wherin
diuers others besids our selues, were partners, as
also, in regard we had Wiues and Children in our owne
Countrie, to whom both by Law and Nature wee were
bound to make returne if it were possible; whereupon
most graciously he granted vs his Passe, vnder his hand
and great Seale, for our safe conduct thorow al his Kingdomes
and Dominions. Then his chiefe Secretary,
went with vs to his third Queene (for it is said that hee
<P 42>
hath ten Queenes, one thousand Concubines, and two
hundreth Euenuches.) And this Queene is keeper of his
great Seale, where it was sealed and deliuered vnto vs.
Then I also went to the chiefe Friar, and craued his letters,
aswell to the Kings and Princes, whose Kingdoms
and Dominions we were to passe thorow, as also to the
Clergy and places of Religion, which he most willingly
granted, beeing a man of great Credit there, and greatly
esteemed and well knowne in other Kingdomes.
   Also hee gaue me his letters of commendations to one
(^Iohn Midnall^) an English Merchant or Factor, who had
lien in Agroe three yeeres: but before I came into England
(^Iohn Midnall^) was gone againe for the East Indies,
and I deliuered his letter to (^M=r=. Greenaway^) Deputy
gouernor in London for the Company of the East
Indian Merchants.
   The one and twentieth day, wee tooke our leaue of
Captaine (^Hawkins^) , whom wee left there in great credit
with the King, beeing allowed one hundreth Rackees a
day which is ten pound sterling, and is intituled by the 
name of a Can, which is a Knight, and keepeth company
with the greatest Noble men belonging to the King: and
hee seemeth very willing to doe his Country good. And
this is asmuch as I can say concerning him.
   The 22. day we tooke our iourney towards England,
being 5. Englishmen viz, my selfe, (^Ioseph Salebencke,
Iohn Frencham, Richard Martin^) , and (^Richard Fox^) , and
(^Guilliam Ashlee^) a More our guide, and trauelled towards
(^Ispahan^) in (^Persia^) , and so with 5. horses and 2.        #
Camels,
we tooke the way to (^Biany^) , because (^Iohn Midnall^)
had gone the way to (^Lahor^) before, also this way was
but two moneths iourney, though very dangerous and
that by (^Lahor^) was 4. moneths iourney and without danger,
viz.
   From (^Agra^) we came to (^Fetterbarre^) being 12. course.
And fro~ thence to (^Bianic^) being 12. course more. And this
is the chiefest place for Indico in all the East Indies,
<P 43>
where are 12. (^Indico^) Milles.
   The (^Indico^) groweth in small bushes like goosberry
bushes and carrieth a seede like Cabbege seed. And 
being cut down is laid on heapes for half a yeere to rot
and then brought into a vault to be troden with Oxen
to tread the Indico from the stalkes, and so to the
Milles to be ground very fine: and lastly, is boiled in
Furnaces, and very well refined and sorted into 
seuerall sorts.
   A seere of Indico in (^Biany^) is worth ten pence, which
seere doth containe twenty ounces at the least. This
I know to be true and brought a sample of the Indico
home with me. And for this Indico & the (^Anneele^) that
is made thereof, there is much trading of Merchants,
form (^Agro^) and (^Lahore^) .
   The 25. day, we came to (^Hendowne^) , being twenty
fiue course, this is an ancient faire City, where is also 
good store of course Indico.
   The 26. day, we came to (^Mogoll^) being 14. course.
This is a small market Towne, where are also course
Indico and Callicoes.
   The 27. day we went some 12. course to a small
Village called (^Halstot^) .
   The 28. day, we trauelled 12. course to a small 
Village called (^Chatsoe^) , where are sheepe and goats
great store, and very cheape.
   The 29. day, we went 12. course to a small Town
called (^Laddanna^) , and there are great store of Cotton
Wools.
   The 30. day, we went eight course to a small town
called (^Mosabad^) , where is great store of corne.
   The 31. day we went 12. course to (^Bandason^) a smal
Village.
   The first day of February we came to a faire Riuer
called (^Paddar^) that runneth to (^Guzarat^) , and this Riuer
parteth the Dominions of the (^Indestands^) and (^Hendownes^)
and falleth into the gulph of Persia. And from
<P 44>
thence we went to the City of (^Esmeere^) , being twelue
course from (^Bandason^) .
   Heere the great (^Mogol^) hath a stately house where
are continually kept 600. Elephants, and 1000. Horses, 
for the warres to bee ready at the Kings 
command.
   There is great store of wools, and much cloathing
for course cloth and cottens, also Iauelins, Bowes
and Arrowes, Armour, Swords, and other weapons
for the Warres, and two Basars or Markets euery
weeke.
   The (^Indestands^) are very gallant people, and great
Merchants into most parts of the world.
   The second day, wee went into the (^Hendownes^)
Countrey, some 12. course, and came to (^Richmall^) ,
where in great wore of Game, and a pleasant place for
hawking and hunting.
   The fourth day, we went 12. course, to (^Mearta^) ,
a faire City, where I saw three faire and ancient
Tombee or Monuments of the (^Hendownes^) , there are
three Basars or Markets euery weeke. Also great store
of Indico, cotten wooll, yarne, and cloth.
   This City in my iudgement is as big as the City 
of (^Exceter^) .
   The sixth day we went some twelue course to (^Hursallo^) ,
a small Village.
   The seuenth day we went 14. course to (^Lauara^) , a 
small village, where is great store of Corne, Cattell,
and Sheepe and very good cheape.
   The eight day, we went 12. course to (^Towry^) , a 
Towne of Garrison of the (^Hendownes^) .
   The ninth day, we went 11. course to (^Chummo^) a 
small Village.
   The tenth day, we went 13. course to (^Moulto^) a 
Village.       
   The 11. day, we went 10. course to (^Pucker^) a small 
Village.
<P 45>
   The 12. day, we went 12. course to (^Senawra^) a little
Towne.
   The 13. day, we went but fiue course to (^Basonpee^)
a small village.
   The 14. day, we went fiue course more to (^Gislemeere^) ,
a faire City, and hath in it a strong Castle, where
lyeth a grand Cauilier. Also there is great trading of
Merchandize by Land, and in the Castle are thirty
peeces of Ordinance.
   The 18. day, we went from thence some 14. course 
ouer the sands, that part the (^Hendownes^) and (^Multans^) ,
and lay in the fields.
   The (^Hendownes^) are naturally discended from the 
(^Gentiles^) , yet refuse no manner of meat, flesh, nor fish,
and are many of them very notable theeues. They
pray naked, dresse and eat their meat naked, and 
where they dresse and eat their meat, they make a circle,
within which circle none must enter, during
the time of their dressing and eating their meat. 
   Their women are brought vp of children with shackles,
some of siluer, some of brasse, and some of Iron
on their legs, and rings in their eares, all which
are still increased or made bigger as they grow in 
yeeres and bignesse, so that in time they haue holes in
their eares so great that a man may thrust his hand
thorow. Also they doe weare [^SOURCE TEXT: we re^] bracelets of #
Elephants
teeth about their armes from the wrist to the elbow.
   The 19. day, wee went eight course and lay in the 
Fields.
   The 20. day, wee went 12. course more, and lay 
in the fields.
   The twenty one day, we went 12. course and lay
by a well some 60. fathome deepe, where water was
very scarse.
   The 22. day, we trauelled 16. course, where wee
could get no better water then was almost halfe Cow
pisse.



<B CEDIAR2A>
<Q E2 NN DIARY MADOX>
<N DIARY MADOX>
<A MADOX RICHARD>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DIARY PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MADOX, RICHARD.
AN ELIZABETHAN IN 1582: THE DIARY OF
RICHARD MADOX, FELLOW OF ALL SOULS.
ED. E. S. DONNO.
LONDON: HAKLUYT SOCIETY, 1976.
PP. 79.27  - 89.9        (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 128.21 - 145.20      (SAMPLE 2)^]

[^THE CODE 'EDITOR'S COMMENT' IS USED TO

  (1) RENDER THE BRACKETS USED IN THE 
  EDITION FOR EDITORIAL INSERTIONS, FOR
  SUPPLYING A WORD OR LETTER, OR FOR 
  RECTIFYING A LAPSE

  (2) TO INDICATE PASSAGES INITIALLY WRITTEN
  IN LATIN, GREEK, OR CIPHER.^]


<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 79>
[}FEBRUARIE}]

1. [\Thurs.\] we supped at Smalmans 12=d=. At nyght was 
<P 80>
playd cats and dogs and plumping and other wawling 
sport.   

2. [\Fri.\] (^Purification.^) Doctor James preched in the       #
forenoon 
3 to the Philipians: I pray God that your love may increase. 
After noon in Alhallows Doctor Mathew did as he doth al 
things excellently of Simeon in the 2 of Luke which 
signifieth the hearer, concluding that yf he cold never 
fynd the Saviour but in the temple, we must not absent 
our selvs from church and yet hope to fynd hym. We 
supt at Smalmans 12=d=.

3. [\Sat.\] Slater and Davis and Waring and I went to 
Tytimans and eat fresh sprats and muskels. I herd that my 
Lord vicownt Bindon was dead on [\Sun.\] last in 
Dorsetshire, that the mownseur was gone and the queen 
to accompany hym to Dover and that the Lord of Lester, 
the Lord Charles Haward, the Lord Hunsden and others 
wold with hym over sea and that my Lord of Oxford had 
<P 81>
taken his wyfe agayn and that my Lord treasurer shold 
mary a second daughter to my Lord Wentworth desyring 
rather a man than money. God send them al to do for 
the best.   

4. [\Sun.\] Knyght of Corpus Christi preched and did wel. 
M. Den, Lankford, Pryce and Short dyned with us at 
nyght. We had musycians and went up with them and 
20 clubs to Carfox.

5. [\Mon.\] I wrot to London to Peter Pory. Ther was an other 
lybel fownd with Dodwels man abowt Campion. We 
wer comaunded to keep the gates shut til 8 but to what 
end I se not. 

6. [\Tues.\] was presented Sir Buckfowld of Brasenose, the 
least batchler I think in Europe. I dyned with doctor 
Mathew. He spake frendly of M. Screven. Ther was 
<P 82>
doctor Culpeper and his wyf and Thom Furs and his 
wif and Allen of Gloster Haul. Doctor Mathew told how 
old doctor Baily took 8=li=. of M. Tuchiner for bringing in 
his ... which Tuchiner being scholmaster had taken for 
[\bringyng\] // yn hym before in to the howse. Wil 
Breach came to town and was sory for the going away of 
Robyn. He browght me a letter from John Trus ... to 
place Phillip Breach at Wollerhanton with my brother 
and to that end did I wryt to my brother. We supt at 
Smalmans, spent 6=d=. I gave hym a payr of spectacles with 
the case 6=d=.    

7. [\Wed.\] I packt up my stuf ynto the lytle study and took    #
an 
ynventory of al my books. I payd Sherburn a mark 
horsehyre which is reconed in the last yere.

8. [\Thurs.\] my study was new plastered. News came that 
Anwerp was yelded to the prince of Parma who kept yt 
with 10,000 men, that the prince of Orenge was taken, 
that the mownser began to be a fearful suspicion to the 
king his brother and that the supply of Hugonets which
cam owt of Franse to fortifie mownsewr in the Lowe
Cuntreys wer set on by the Guisian in Champayn and put
<P 83>
to slaughter and that therfore the mownsewr was returned 
to England but the last point was fals how ever the first be. 

9. [\Fri.\] I supt at Smalmans, spent 12=d=.

10. [\Sat.\] I had a warant from M. Screven for an acre of
wood to me and Smalman. I had 9=s= of M. Lyster
for Jenyns wif [\8 WORDS FROM had TO wif INITIALLY IN           #
CIPHER\] .

11. [\Sun.\] (^Septuagessima^) . M. Robinson preched 2
Philipians. He shewd owt of (\racionale divinorum\) that the
papist thowght not superfluity of word or ceremonyes to
hurt, as if one wold say (\baptizo te in nomine patris et       #
filii et
spiritus sancti et Diaboli\) and owt of Scotus the              #
(\9 distinctio
lib. 4 de ... sententiarum\) that yt is agaynst scripture to
beleeve transubstantiation and owt of Lactantius that
ymages or remembrances of absent frends [\be necessary,
but\] God is always present and therfore we need noe
ymage. Slater, Davis and I walked to Wolvercot and had
cyder at Besse Jenyns. Lawghern told me that his brother
Clark had a benyfyce of an hundred pound for hym and
shewd me Tolderburyes letter therin.
<P 84>
12. [\Mon.\] I dyned with M. Anthony Sherloe at the principals
chamber of Herthal and had good cheare and supt with
M. Thornborowe of Magdalens at Gilberts wher was my 
brother, Procter, Bis and Ynkforbye. M. Thornboroes
wif is doctor Bolds dawghter of Salsbury. She plays wel
upon the lute and virginales. //

13. [\Tues.\] having a letter from my cozin Nicholas that our
viage was lyke to hold, I prepared my self to be redye.

14. [\Wed.\] I spoke with M. Marten of Weymowth and had 
commendations from Dorchester. I wrote bye hym to 
M. Green. I had aproved me by my lord of Lesters letters
to the officers a cause for 3 yere besyde my ordinary days
with al profyts rising in the howse the mean season as yf I
were present, my lyverey and commines only excepted.
<P 85>
Wygnole and James wer very ernest for my chamber and
my study beyond the cumpase of any desert shewd unto 
mee. Spent 12=d=.

15. [\Thurs.\] I resigned my office in the convocation howse
to M. Beamunt, being therunto commended by my Lord
of Lecester. I had of M. Beamunt therfor twenty 
marx [\7 WORDS FROM had TO marx INITIALLY IN CIPHER\] . I had   #
also a lycens to preach in al the world. I
gave M. Slater my ox and my tynker, M. Beamunt my
black pot, had a new key for my study and an other for the
dore 10=d=, M. Dabb my belloes.

16. [\Fri.\] I wrot to my brother by Hortons man and sent
books and other things. I payd 6=d= for the cariage and spent
4=d=. I payd John Powel for the bowser M. Jenyns 5
<P 86>
nobles and 30=s= to M. Thomson and gave John 8=d= so that I
am wholy even with hym, and the burser and his tutor
have 3=li=3=s=4=d= before hand. I gave my man Thomas 10=s=
and put hym to M. Beamunt. M. Davis and I supt at
Robert Cavies. M. Kirpie cam from London with 
M. Steenton whom he wold have bestoed in owr viage. I
locked up al my things and made a deed of gift to my
brother of al.

17. [\Sat.\] I took leave only with Beamunt, Dow, Davis and
Wood and so rode to London. Met Lepye at Wykam.
M=rs= Waynwryght sent me my supper.

18. [\Sun.\] Sexagessima. M. Hearn preched at the Crosse
but I was not ther. Wee dyned at M=rs= Waynwryght with
M. Hunton of Hampshire. M. Torpurley cam to mee. I
met M. Web of Henley who bestoed the wyne. M.
Torpurley supt with mee. //
<P 87>
19. [\Mon.\] M. Torpurley and I walked to Ratclif. M. Norman
shewd me how the strenth of his lodestone was increased.
We cam to Francis Yomders and had ther good chere.

20. [\Tues.\] Lepye cam up. Huet wrot to me that 
Norwod sayd my dealing abowt the colector was shamful
and paltry. I did answer him home and yet with charity.
[\20 WORDS FROM Norwod TO charity INTIALLY IN CIPHER\]

21. [\Wed.\] I wrot to Jacson, to Huet, to my very hard frend
M. Norwood, to M. warden for a longer cause, to M.
Davis, to M. Owyn Glyn to whom I sent a dosen of very
good blew sylk poynts. I hard that the mownsewr was
wel receved and my Lord of Lester at Flushing, at
Mydleboroe, at Antwerp, that a fat ox ther was 30=li=, a
wether 40=s=, a capon 10=s=, wyne 16=d=, and bear 8=d= the      #
quart,
and that my Lord of Lester was sent for home. I bowght
dyvers things which after be pryzed.
<P 88>
22. [\Thurs.\] we went to the theater to se a scurvie play set
owt al by one virgin which ther proved a fyemarten with
owt voice so that we stayd not the matter. I had a cassock 
of Ashley which stood me in 20=s= and venetians a mark.
Lepee had also a cassock which stood [\me\] in 11=s=6=d= but
it is all cownted afterward.
   A gentilman trayning a yong servingman bad hym syt
down when he was byd but ever to be a dysh behind
hym so the master sytting at the boord in Wales had
nothing els but oten kakes wherupon his man being byd
sytt down fet a bottel of hey and layd [\it\] on the table
saying that hey was the next dysh under otes. M.
Torpurley.
   Henshaw of Christchurch comyng into a howse with
a low dore knoct his head shrewdly to the post. Why,
how now, quoth on that cam behind, can not ye see?
Yes, quoth he, but yt is good maner to knock before ye
enter. (\Idem.\)
   A yong mayd going to a feast with hir mother wher
she was to meet hir lover was instructed at all tymes
hir mother twynkt [\nodded\] on hir to lay hir hand on hir
brest, to ryse up, and curchye. Hir mother espying hir
gnawing a bone nodded on hir wherupon she puld down
hir hands to hir wast and leaving the bone a crosse hir
mowth lyk a butchers knife made a very fayr curchye.
Pain.
   Now truly, quoth an old gentilman to a yong feloe, 
ye ar far to blame to mislyke your aunt for she may do you
pleasure and I wold God I had such an aunt. Fy, quoth he,
wold I had your land on condicion you had xx=ty= such
aunts. M. Cornwal. //
   The alewyf and hir husband having long drunk owt the
gayn of ther bruying indented twyxt them selvs that
<P 89>
nether shold have a stope [\tankard\] of the best withowt
money; the man being drie was content to lay down a 
gally halfpeny for watring his throt and began [\pledged\] to
his wyf but swapt [\drank\] al of. I pledge you sir, quoth she,
and going to fil more. Na, quoth the man, pay for yt
first, wherupon she was driven to pay back the halfpeny
to hir goodman which afterward was cowrsed [\exchanged\]
to and froe so long til that one halfpeny had drawn drie
the whole stand [\barrel\] of drink. My father. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 128>
2. [\Wed.\] yn Gods name somwhat tymely we hoysed with a
breese of east wynd and a fayr sonshine morning so that
<P 129>
the purposes playd before us by which syghne and by the
cawseles workyng and swelling of the sea I dowted fowl
wether and indeed when we were thwart the Nields the
wynd cam to the sowthwest which caused us to fawl back
agayn to Yermowth, wher we supt with Capten Ward
aboord the Edward and our general gave to al the ships
very necessary instructions for the viage.

3. [\Thurs.\] rayn and rugh wynd. Capten Ward dyned with
us. We set Will Wylshire a shore because he was syck and
did presse a tynker and 2 carpenters to go with us.

4. [\Fri.\] fowle and rugh. We tawlked of Yrland and M.
Capten Parker concluded that he which cold endure the
Yryshe service and pleaz my Lord of Aburgeny myght go
for a soldier and a servingman in any place of Yngland. At
nyght we sorted our men and I being the 4 person of
necessytie must be a larbord man. We cam back agayn
to the Cows because the tyde sets rugh at Yermowth.

5. [\Sat.\] we fel a romeging [\arranging\] chests and I for
example was content to let the musicians have myne cause
they wer apoynted 4 to a chest, but I cold se none do so
els but my self.

6. [\Sun.\] (^3 after Easter.^) Our generaul dyned in the
Elsabethe. The master and I walked a shore. He told me
how Furbusher delt with hym, very headyly sure, and
how that Furbusher was not the mariner he was taken to
be as I easyly beleave. We supt yn the Elsabeth with the
<P 130>
viceadmyral also, wher Capten Skevington made us good
chere but he is a lytle syke of the sextayns evil which
thinketh noen in the parysh can chyme the bels lyke hym.
Our lieftenent with M. Cotton went to Newport which
is 3 myle sowth fro the Cows whether ther runeth a fyne
ryver.

7. [\Mon.\] very fayr and hote but wynd stil sowth west.
M. Brown and M. Baker prechers with the baylys of
Newport cam to us. M. Banester hunting for the
votes of the most vain masses with dinner expenses and
gifts of worn-out clothing [\17 WORDS FROM hunting TO clothing  #
EDITOR'S TRANSLATION FROM LATIN\] had drawn owt a sheet of      #
paper
for to be set on the mayn mast with prayers for morning
and evening and sygnes to knoe when they shold be syck
which besyde yt was unmeasurably beyond al modesty,
the conceyt was also so grosse that yf a mans head had but
Aked he wold put them in fear of the frensy, the pestilent
fever, // the palsey, the pocks, the plage, the scurby, the
bubo and such lyke beastly stuffe, which he browght to
me to correct as he sayd, but when I had altered some and
stryken owt other some he cold not endure to have yt soe
and therfore when I see that I plade as [^A BLANK IN THE        #
EDITION^] in Arte
Poetica. He told me thus: (^yonder surgion in the other ship
althoe he speak mee faire yet I knoe he loveth mee not for he   #
is
verie vaine gloriows and hopeth that I will die that hee may    #
take
my place, but now sir he hathe noe skil in physique, and
therfore I wil send hym this copie and he shal paie one of my
men 12=d= for writing of yt^) , wher indeed the other is a good
modest feloe and hath more lerning than John Banesters
farwel to Nottingham. Now sir the sport was that whylst
I stood in a studye being wery of his taulk and thowght in
my self, surely this is a very vayngloriows asse, he clapt me
on the sholder and sayd, yt is true man.
   M. Parker lykened a servingman that caried a hauk
abowt but had no other good qualytie unto a haukes
pearch. He is a very honest and curteows gentilman and
<P 131>
lyberawl mynded and one that thinketh modestly of hym
self.

8. [\Tues.\] the wynd cam up to the est but breesed abowt
with great uncertaynty. Notwithstanding we cold have
wayd betymes but our men were a shore, some drunk and
some in dette. Hear lost we agayn our tynker and a
carpenter and I knoe not whom els, so that I muse why the
masters that with such feloes have so oft byn synged wil
suffer any to go ashore.
   M. William Haukyns kept lyberawl chere for al saylers
in Newport. Yt cost hym 20 nobles very nye, because of
good mynde he wold have had our men to have saved ther
own money, but al wold not bee. M. Cotton left
20=s= to pay whyl he wold also hav bin cownted prodigayl.
[\14 WORDS FROM M. TO prodigayl INITIALLY IN CIPHER\]
   We hard that the [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] , M. Owtreads    #
ship which he
sent to the Yles of Pyckery had geven such a salt to a
Frenchman as made hir beshrew hir own self, so that now
she lay wonded at Dartmowth.

9. [\Wed.\] we lay stil at Yermowth. M. Whood and M.
Blacollar our pylates cam and sayd they wer chased by
pyrates. //

10. [\Thurs.\] M. Capten Parker and I wer aboord the
Edward wher Banester with his Robynhood rymes made
us good sport. M. Lewys gave me a box of marmylad.
We wayd and cam up agayn to the Cows and in waying
the larbord cat broke and strok down Cyprian Boorman
ynto the water but God be thanked he was recovered
withowt any great hurt but had not Gods favowr stood
between, that hap myght have slayn 20 men. Lykewyse
one May day waying, the starburd cathook brake.

11. [\Fri.\] the wynd was lowd at the sowth with rayn. We
had a generaul communion. Capten Skevington told the
generall that Rafe Crane wold not go to the Edward to
<P 132>
receave because of the viceadmyral, wherfore I was sent to
perswade hym but when I came thither I fownd that al was
nothing els but only the fydle fadle superfynes of Capten
Skevingtons curiosytye. I had Reynoldus Tables of Tobias
to correct wher in some places they were false printed.

12. [\Sat.\] the wynd began to groe toward the westnorth-west 
but yt heald not.

13. [\Sun.\] (^4 after Easter.^) M. Smyth was aboord us and
M. Homes of Hampton sent us a hogshead of Claret.
M. Capten Ward supt not with us and M. Banester and I had
almost fawlen owt reasonyng (\de pinquedine\) , I saying that
the overfatting of any thing cam by cold and he by heate.

14. [\Mon.\] I went aboord the Edward and fro thence went
with M. Walker, M. Lewys, and M. Tobias to Newport.
We dyned and lay at M. Creswels of the Bel who made
unto us many a substancial lye. He is M. Symberbs
cozyn. After wer we so encumbred with shorehaunters that
aboord we cold not get al nyght. M. Walker told mee how
his wyfe and he wer parted by consent althoe not dyvorsed.
He told me of many that he had ocupid. [\9 WORDS FROM He TO
ocupid INITIALLY IN CIPHER\]

15. [\Tues.\] I gote up betymes and gote them ashore for we
spent Tobias money. M. Reynolds and M. Caplet
browght us an other hogshead of wyne from M. Homes.
They told me that M. Cooke of Brazenose and M. Brown
of Christchurch were procters and that Lycens of New
Colledge had lost yt wherby I perceave the canvase of
Protestants prevayleth.
<P 133>
   Sir Edward Horsey having complayned to our generawl
that the King of Portingales ship which lay at Meedhole
was lykly to be stolen away by the knaves in // hir whom
Peryn ther master cold not rule requested us to fet hir
nyer, which we dyd so that she gave at hir comyng a
gallant volley of shot for an homage. We hard that
Capten Lawndrey [\and\] the French had taken St.
Mychaels, one of the Azores in behalf of the King of
Portingal.

16. [\Wed.\] we al dyned and supped aboord the Elsabeth
wher Capten Skevington bade us as great welcom as that
lytle hart cold any wyse conceave, so that Walker sayd,
curiows feloes wer good yf yt wer for nothing but to make
cheere. Luk Ward and Lewes and Walker and I were on
the shore we puld down 4 gats. [\5 WORDS FROM we TO gats        #
INITIALLY IN CIPHER\]
   M. Colman who was M. Wolleys man cam with a
broad seal to stay M. Boze tuching some conveance of
Land made amysse to Sir William Pellam. The cumpany
in the Edward was glad to be ryd of so grosse a man and so
great a chest. M. Colman told me that Sir William
Pellam wold prefer hym to be my Lord Chauncelors
secretary and therfor I wrot by hym to M. Screven,
but I hear that the feloe indeed can do very wel but is
mervelows neglygent and bold.
<P 134>
17. [\Thurs.\] M. Haukins of Plymmowth ryding to London
cam to us. He told that the King of Spayn had sent 8
ships to the Moluccas and 5 were cast away on the cost of
Barbarye.
   The wynd straglyng abowt the east, we set sayl from the 
Cowse at 2 a clock and 30 mynuts in thafter noone, but
yt was so weak that we cold not stem the tyde, yet when
the eb cam we fel down to Yermowth and ther anchored - 
the 4=th= tyme.

18. [\Fri.\] we hoysed our boat aboord very tymely. Ther was
a smal comete which I sawe 8 days ago in the brest of
Erychtonius, but I cold never see yt more than one nyght
to judge of his way. M. Baynam the merchant which had
been long syck of an ague and was fawlen into the black
jaundyce, now despayring of his health returned agayn. //
When (^the^) wynde contrary to our hope began to blow
rughly at the sowth we retyred back agayn and cam to the
Cows but the vyceadmiral rode yt owt at Yermowth.

19. [\Sat.\] Capten Skevington made a pyttiful complaynt to
our generawl of Julian Sawnders his cooke that had geven
hym the lye, so that the pore feloe was put into the 
bilboes, he being the fyrst upon whom any punyshment
was shewed for hytherto not so much as a boy felt any
correction more than my Lord Awmes, and John Hawlle
whom the master combd over for losyng his sownding
lead at Hurst Castle when we fyrst went owt. And Captain
Skevington was the fyrst that sowght to bring anye
quarel to the ripping up, so that dyvers of our saylers were
much offended and sayd, set a begger on horsbacke and he
wyl ryde unreasonablye.
<P 135>
20. [\Sun.\] (^after Easter 5.^) Ther cam overnyght 2 sayles
wherof one caried the Spaynish imbassador Antonio de
Castilio, the other was the bark Bur. They both laded
corne to Spayn and because they cam prowdly in our loofe
and wold nether stryke flag nor top, our master went with
comyssion to the Unitye of London wher the Embassador
was and fet away Thomas Cleye the carpenter, but Stephen
Muns of Lee ther papisticaul master cam with the
ymbassadors man to have hym released and shewd us ther
passport for hym self and al his company, but we answered
that this belonged to the company of Spayniards and no
more. We did also sharply rebuke Muns the master for his
unloyal pryde and because he went abowt to discorage
some of our men from the viage.
   Wee dyned in the Frances with Capten Drake wher we
had good chere and good frendly welcom withowt
curiosyty of words. At 12 the east wynd began to fresh up
which caused us to way upon the eb, but before we wer
passed a lege yt faynted and we wer fayn to cast Anchor.
   I wrote to M. William Barns of the drye melch lowing
Cows and of M. Banesters anotomy of an eg shel and how
we spent the day (^and^) wrot to M. Reynolds to whom
M. Banester sent a poticary bil for M. Homes that such
physique shold bring a man from (^magnificat^) to (\nunc
dimittis\) . // My lord Foster being a lytle dronk went up to
the mayn top to fet down a rebel and 20 at the least after
hym, wher they gave hym a cobkey upon the cap of the
mayn-mast.
<P 136>
21. [\Mon.\] before the change the wynd was wel harted at E.
northeast so that we set sayl a quarter before 8 in the
mornyng upon the half flud, and we tooke a lyer accordyng 
to the order, for he that telleth the fyrst lye on a 
[\Mon.\] must se mustard made and the ship swept al the
week after. When we wer come to Hurst Castle the
Elsabeth being behind shot of a peece and stroke sayle
which put us in a dowtful mervel, but when we had
stayd yt was M. Boze was now come agayn and desyred 
the pynysse to stay for his chest which was comyng to
Yermowth by water, but our general wold suffer noe
stay wherfore he was set on shore in the Wyght and when
he was ther he cried unto the botsging to take pytty on
hym and to take hym back withowt his chest but they
refused. Good Lord, the man that had even with very
ydlenes spent more than wold set furth 2 of thes viages
doth now desyre to have a bad rowme hearin and can not
be herd. See what it is to be good for nothing. Wel because 
we had no chasing [\driving\] wynd to stem the tyde we lay
a hul at an anchor athwart al the flud.

22. [\Tues.\] The next ebbe we cam down to Lulworthe and
ther rode yt owt and the next as far as Abbotsebury. The
wether was very fayr but in maner noe wynd styrring but
small changeable breezes from every quarter.

23. [\Wed.\] morning we fownd our selves afront Lyme and
the next tyde afront Exmowth.

24. [\Thurs.\] (^Ascension^) we wayd Anchor in hope to have
wethered the Stert but when we cold not (the wynd being
ful west) we turned to Dartmowth and rod in the Range
at 15 fadome almost a ... myle fro shore. Hear we sent
our boat to furnysh our watering. // The master
told me that had he supposed the viag wowld have turned
to pilfering which now he suspected he wowld not hav
undertaken it. [\25 WORDS FROM The TO it INITIALLY IN CIPHER\]
<P 137>
   At supper we tawlked of tatlers and cownted Hearle that
betrayd Madder but a knave as is Nychols the Jesuyt and
Bodnam of the holy hows in Spayn no better for
he sendeth letters to the cownsel [\16 WORDS FROM Bodnam TO     #
cownsel INITIALLY IN CIPHER\] . We taulked of Richard
<P 138>
Grafton of whom yt was spoken (\una voce\) that he was a
cosonyng merchant and yt was feared lest he had doen
much hurt in our provision for he had bowght green
billet, which sweating and working in the close hold did 
heat al the hold wonderfullye.

25. [\Fri.\] the wynd being at the west we lay stil in the      #
range
northeast from the Start and sowthwest from the rock
and sowtheast and by east from the castle: sending our men
a shore to mend our boat, at nyght Blancher and his felo
carpenters wer missing and whils the rest sowght for them
they wer al taken by the watch and layd up. Nether wold
M. [^A BLANK IN THE EDITION^] the mayr delyver them til our     #
general wrot to
hym. I wold al harboroes wold hunt aboord thes shorehaunters 
soe.

26. [\Sat.\] M. Capten Skevington having browght the
newes of this matter, who never lyghtly cometh withowt
some complaynt, our general sent the master with a letter
and M. Haukins also went to whom the mayr delyvered
the men, but hear was one Nycholas, mariner, a bankrowt
cookhold, which being dronk had made comparisons in
the superlative degre and so catcht a box in the posytive,
wherfore he was browght a boord and clapt in the
bilboes wher had yt not been for Olyfer Knox of Melchom
which intreated for hym he might have smarted. At
mydnyght M. Hoode cam from Plymmowth and browght
me commendations from Sir Fraunces Drake. He browght
also some ropes wherof dyvers complayned that we did
want but spetiall Ferdinando. He told lykewyse a great
wonder that a horse bot his wyfe by the sholder and that
the barque Hastings was bownd presently for Brasyle.
<P 139>
Many chests were staved [\stowed in the hold\] and we cam
to Torbaye. //

27. [\Sun.\] (^after Easter 6^) Rob Lyddington was sent to
Plymmowth for 2 cables but he had a sweet day, for yt
rayned pel mel and blew hilter skilter.
   Torbay as I suppose hath his name of a great work which
standeth lyke a towr in the sea at the north of yt and yt is a
fayr bay open to the eastnortheast.

28. [\Mon.\] ther cam an Yrysh man of my Lord of Bedfords 
with a king Harry face both to us and to the Edward and
so freely took his drink that he was slung down into the
skyf. John Case desyred me to be his frend to ryd hym
owt of the Elsabeth for Capten Skevington was so
curiows that noe man can yndure hym.

29. [\Tues.\] I took a purgation but yt wroght not with me and
therfor I mean to take no more unlesse I have the better
physicions.
   Frye was set in the bilboes for lying a shore 
which was il taken. The master towld me Alderman
Barnes thowght our generaul but a folish flattering
fretting creeper and so I fear he wil prov. [\26 WORDS FROM     #
which TO prov INITIALLY IN CIPHER\]

30. [\Wed.\] we lay stil in Torbay and dyd nothing.

31. [\Thurs.\] Capten Ward was aboord us and had a cobkey,
and he catcht our lord and caried hym home and hanged
hym on the shrowds so had we good sport. Capten
Hawkins went to Plymmothe. I wrot by hym to sir
Frances and wold have gon also but our governowr
wold not permit, becaus he feareth lest any wis comendashon
shold go to Sir Fraunsis. [\24 WORDS FROM Frances TO Fraunsis   #
INITIALLY IN CIPHER\]
   At nyght the wynd feared [\veered\] to the nornorthwest
so that we set sayle and by morning had gote past the 
Stert. //
<P 140>
[\1. Fri.\] when some wold willingly have goen to 
Plymmowth, some, as namely M. Whood, desyred that at 
least the Frances myght turne in thither and fet M. 
Hawkins, the generawl wold not in any case suffer yt, 
which made men thynk that he wold more gladly have 
goen withowt hym than to have had his cumpany that 
M. Parker myght have been leiftenent. Wherupon great 
stomack was taken as the effect did declare, but the wynd 
fawlyng to the west sowthwest cawsed us in despyte to go 
to Plymmowth, wher we anchored in the sownd which is 
a very fayr place. 
   Plymowth stands in the breech of 2 fayr ryvers, for yt 
hath Cat Water on the east syde, and Saltash Water on the 
west, and ech of them yeld harboroe for 200 great ships to 
come furth of the harboro comodiowsly with any wynd. 
M. Walker and I went thither purposing to have walked 
only, but M. leiftenent which was now come from Sir 
Fraunces Drake at Bucland had us to M. Whoodes howse 
wher we supt with M. Whyticars (^that^) hath maried M. 
Hawkins syster, and after we returned to the Edward 
wher we discoursed with the viceadmirall of many mens 
maners and many matters, advising how love myght best 
be maynteyned and good order kept, but wher overweening 
pevishnes is once planted, and myxed with a kynd of 
creeping dissimulation, yt is hard ther to setle the seeds of 
any good advice, for now beginneth the hydden poyson 
to breth owt. 
   Whil M. Hawkins supposed that consydering Sir 
Frances Drakes bownty to the whole cumpany and his 
<P 141>
endevowr in this viage, yt had been a poynt of curtesy to 
have doen Sir Francis that honowr as to have come to 
Plymmowth. M. Fenton on the other syde fownd smal 
musique on this string, because he supposed that what 
water cam to M. Hawkins myl was lost from his owne, 
and besydes also, I knoe not how, he had as leif go by sir 
Frances howse thirsty as cawl and drink. Whether he 
lacked money or noe I can not tel, and yet Luk Ward told 
me he boroed 20=li= of Sir Edward Horsey at the Cows, and 
10=li= of Sir Frances hear, and had withowt any advice of one 
or other sent a bil of a C=li= to London, which I ymagin 
wil be yl welcom, for alderman Barnes befor hand did 
beseech hym to tak head therof. //

2. [\Sat.\] In the morning the wynd at northwest, the generall 
wold needs begon, althoe Sir Frances [\did\] send us word 
that this morning he wold se us. The master desyred that 
he myght send the pynnyse ashore for the leiftenent and 
the pilat and others but the general wold not agree, yet 
did the master send yt. Yn mean season the generaul 
comanding to wey anchors, the mariners utterly refused, 
saying that they ventured for the thirds and wold not 
therfore go withowt the pilats. The general hearat storming, 
the master bad them way and after he wold ply for 
ther comyng, so did they. This whyl I was in the Edward. 
Wel away went the gallion and the Edward after and the 
Frances was under sayl, but abowt noone Capten Ward 
and I went to the gallion wher we fownd them in a great 
murmuring for that some thowght the Frances upon this 
discurtesy wold stay behynd. Then dyd we enter in to a 
close consultation (for every impudent boy leaned over our 
sholders) whether yt wer better hold on our cowrse or 
turn yn agayn. When the master had desyred to go back, 
the generaul blamed hym for sending back the boat and 
sayd that what if you lead me back againe to reise a 
mutinie ageinst mee. Thes words the master took yl and 
sayd, yf yt be com to this for my good wil, wold I wer a 
<P 142>
shore agayn. Some aledged the want of a gret meyny of 
men, but the general sayd he wold to Famowth and 
take us as many as were left. Now al the quarel hearhence 
did spring that M. Whood and Blaccollar, the 2 pilats, sayd 
they wold not return til they knew how they shold be 
used. When every man pel mel and spent his mowth with 
as smal discretion for hym self as attendance for the hearer, 
Capten Ward at last sayd that althoe our lat speed 
hytherto and the fayr wynd presently dyd wysh hast and 
althoe yt had been reason thes men shold have attended us 
and not wee them, for on thes 3 poynts the general stood, 
yet becawse they wer al comended by the cowncel, and 
because we myght have more wynd but now cold have noe 
more men, he wyshed us to stand back, so did we, and 
when we had stood (^to^) the eastward 2 howrs, the Frances 
was come // but thorow a quarel risen at Plymowth Henry 
Kyrkman was left behinde for the leftenent had receved 
abuses by hym. The general took yt il and espetially
M. Parker but some thowght us wel quyt of a pykthank
[\talebearer\] . To cowncel agayn wher we cauld and now
was every man affrayd of other and those that wold have
eaten the backsyde of mowntayns wold not now byte
the fore part of a molehil. After muche adoe we were al 
frends and so knyt up. In this discowrs I noted the
generaul colorik and bas, joined with some craft, M.
Haukins open and glorios but very childish, M. Parker
fine and folish and lordly conseeted, Capten Ward a good
rownd wis felo, M. Whood hob glorios. [\41 WORDS FROM In TO     #
glorios INITIALLY IN CIPHER\]
   We had a fayr wynd and abowt xi a clock at nyght wer
thwart the Lysard and by morning as far as Ushant,
holding our cowrse west sowthwest.

3. (^Whitsondaye^) we held on our cowrse sowthsowest and
had a fayr north wynd and cold wether so that we
<P 143>
4. ran 30 leags, on [\Mon.\] 40, on [\Tues.\] 30, on
5. [\Wed.\] 30 and I think on [\Thurs.\] we wer thwart Cape
6. Fenester, but far to the west of yt, for the pole was
7. 46 degres.
   Dyvers of our men wer syck and M. Banester had nether
skil nor medycine so that I wold advice such as shal
hearafter apoynt such a viag to prepare good provision of
holsom cumforts and ordynary salves and let them ly in
the hands of some honest merchant and let the surgion be
prepared to use the salve when need is and some good clean
cooke to mynister the other cherishings and so shal xli go
further and do more good than a C=li= in such wyse as owr
money is bestoed. All this whyl I was seasike, and no
mervel having changed at once both ayr, exercyse and diet.
Rumatique I (^was^) and exceding costyve, and trobled with
hartburning which be appendixes of the sea, wherfore I
cold advice hym that is to appoynt such a viag that he
have of violet flowrs, borage flowrs, rosemary flowrs, and
such lyke which he may gether in Yngland, caphers made
to cumfort hym, and barberis sed, and rosemary and tyme 
to make a lytle broth in a yerthen pipkin. Thes things ar
lesse costly but far more holsom than al the suckets and
paltry confections. //

8. [\Fri.\] we held on our way. The wether was al this space
myld and somwhat clowdy and a resonable gale of
northwynd.

9. [\Sat.\] Athwart the Burlings we had espied a sayle which
our men sayd was a French man of war but al was to have a
quarel to his goodes. M. Capten Parker both because he
had mynd to the booty and because he wold pleaz the
people wold needs have capten Ward to fet hym yn
which he dyd but he was a Flemmysh hulk [\merchantman\]
so that thorow my words hear and M. Walkers in the
Edward the man had no hurt at all.

10. (^Trinyty Sonday^) I took occasion at service to speak      #
ageinst
ther attempt the day before but they wer al withowt
<P 144>
pytty set upon the spoyl. After noone Capten Ward and
M. Walker cam to us and told how greedy they wer and
espetially M. Banester who for al his creping ypocrysy
was more ravenowsly set upon the pray than any the most
beggerly felo in the ship, and those also which at the shore
dyd cownterfet most holynes wer now furthest from 
reason affyrming that we cold not do God better service than
to spoyl the Spaniard both of lyfe and goodes, but indeed
under color of religion al ther shot is at the mens mony.

11. [\Mon.\] (^St. Barnabyes day^) the carpenters boy having    #
stoln
a shirt was hoysed to the yerd arme to have been ducked,
but I begd his pardon. I shewd them that because we
caried felonyows harts, therfore God sent us felons among
our selves, as in the xi of Wysdom.

12. [\Tues.\] we kept our cowrse due sowth stil and passed
before the wynd with our mayn yerd a crosse al the way,
abowt 30 legs comonly or more in 24 howrs, and dyvers
say they never cam this way with so fayr a passage.

13. [\Wed.\] I wrot letters by M. Austyn of the Bridget to
my syster, to M. Aty of al things and Banesters
hypocresy and our bad headpeeses [\12 WORDS FROM M. TO          #
headpeeses ORIGINALLY IN CIPHER\] , to M. Wylliam Barn
that Banester was an hypocrit [\4 WORDS FROM Banester TO        #
hypocrit INITIALLY IN CIPHER\] and sent verses in 
comendations of John Banesters works. We wer hear at 34 
and he went sowthwest to Tenarif. We held due sowth. //

1[\4. Thurs.\] by Ferdinandos direction we kept sowthsowest
on purpose to have goen between Barbary and

15. Launcerot to make purchase of gotes or I knoe not what
els for al our mynd was set on purchase but as God wold
<P 145>
16. on [\Sat.\] morning we wer fawlen to west of yt and so
wer forsed to leave yt and Forta Ventura on the larbord
and so sayl sowthwest before the wynd.

17. [\Sun.\] (^1 after Trinity^) we fel yn to west [\of\] the   #
Graund
Canarie leaving Fortventura on the larboord and so
passed between yt and Tenarif which ar both very hygh
lands espetially the pyke of Tenarif which we espied above
the clowds for being hazie we cold not se the foot of yt.
Hytherto we had not one hot daye altho we be within 5
degrees to the [\ILLEGIBLE PASSAGE\] for the Graund Canarie     #
wher is made the
best sugar lyeth in 28 to the northe. Yt is inhabyted by
Spaniards. Hear is very good marmaled and great store of
fyne suckets. Luke Ward ran yn with the Elsabeth but
what he did I knoe not but our general was angry. Dyvers
told us what plenty of bonettoes and dolphins we shold
have al this way, but hytherto we smackt no byt of fresh
fysh. The lyke they told of gurnet and whyting in the west
but our hookes cold catch none, and therfor I perceave men
must not go to sea withowt vytals in hope to have flying
fyshes to break ther noses agaynst the bunt of the sayle. 



<B CEDIAR2B>
<Q E2 NN DIARY HOBY>
<N DIARY HOBY>
<A HOBY MARGARET>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DIARY PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HOBY, MARGARET.
DIARY OF LADY MARGARET HOBY, 1599-1605.
ED. D. M. MEADS.
LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD., 1930.
PP. 70.3  - 73.38   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 76.1  - 81.36   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 168.1 - 173.37  (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 70>
(^Friday 7^)
After priuat praiers I wrett my notes in my testement, which I
geathered out of the Lector the night before : then I did eate  #
my
breakfast, then I walked abroad and talked of good thinges, so
that I found much Comfort : after I Cam hom I wrett my sermon
that was preached the saboth day before, then I went to priuat
praier, and so to dinner : after which I taked a litle with     #
som 
of my frendes, and exercised my body at bowles a whill, of      #
which
I found good : then I Came home and wrought tell 4, then I
praied with Mr Rhodes, and after walked abroad: and when I
Came hom I praied priuatly, and sonne after went to supper :
after which I went to the Lector, and then to bed :

(^Saterday 8^)
after praier I went about and then eate my breakfast and then
walked abroad : after, I wrett notes in my testement and reed 
of the bible, then to dinner : after w=ch= I talked a litle,    #
and then I
wrought tell 3 : then I walked with Mr Hoby tell 6 :, then I
came and wrowght awhill, and so to praier and examenation, then
to supper, after to lecor, and then to bed

(^The Lords day 9^)
after priuat praier I did eate my breakfast and so went to      #
church:
after the sarmon was done, I praied priuatly and, after         #
dinner, I
kept Mr Hoby companie tell chuech time againe : after the
sarmon I medetated a litle, and then I wrett out notes in my    #
bible
and, before supper, I praied, and, after supper and             #
examenation,
I went to bed :

(^Munday 10^)
After priuat praers I went about the house, an then eate my
breakfast : then I walked to the church with Mr Hoby : after
that I wrougt a litle, and neclected my custom of praier, for   #
which,
as for many other sinnes, it pleased the Lord to punishe me     #
with an
Inward assalte : But I know the Lord hath pardoned it because   #
he
is true of his promise, and, if I had not taken this Course of
examenation, I think I had for gotten itt : after dimer I       #
walked with Mr Hoby and, after he was gon, I went to gett tithe #
aples:
after I Came home, I praied w=th= Mr Rhodes, and, after that,
priuatly by my selfe, and tooke examenation of my selfe: and
so, after I had walked a whill, I went to supper, after that    #
to the
Lector, and so to bed
<P 71>
(^Tewsday 11^)
After priuat praier I went about the house, and then wrett som
notes into my testement : after, I walked and, when I cam
home, praied With Mr Rhodes : then I wrought a whill and
praied priuatly before diner : after, I walked, and took the    #
aire
in my Cocth, and when I Came home I wrought tell : 6 :, and     #
then
examened my selfe, and praied priuatly, and reed of Grenhame    #
tell
supper time : after supper I went to praers and, sonne after,   #
to bed :

(^Wensday 12^)
after priuat praiers in the morning I, being not well, did      #
walk a
litle, and then eate my brecfast : then I wrought, and talked   #
with
such strangres as as Came to me tell 5 : a clock att night, at
which time I praed and examened my selfe : sonne after to       #
supper,
then to lector, and Not long after to bed.

(^Thursday 13^)
In the morninge, after priuat praier, I wret some thinges       #
touchinge
Houshould mattres : then I did eate my breakfast, and did order
diuerse thinges in the granirie : sonne after Mr Hoby Came      #
home,
and I kept him Companie tell he went away againe : after diner
I went to Birstall, and se him, who was not well, and his aples
tithed : then I wrought tell almost: 6 :, and praied with Mr    #
Rhodes,
and priuatly in my Closett : after medetation, I went to        #
supper :
after, I had reed of the bible, after to lector, and then to    #
bed

(^Friday 14^) 
After order taken for the house, and priuat praers, I writt     #
notes
into my testement and then brak my fast : after, I wrought, and
kept Mr Hoby compenie tell allmost diner time : then I praied
and, after dimer, I walked awhill and went to church W=th= Mr
Hoby, and when I Cam home wrought tell 6 :, then I examened
my selfe and praied, walked tell supper time : then I hard the
Lector, and after wrought a whill, and so went to bed : Lord,
for Christs sack, pardone my drousenes which, with a neclegent
mind, caused me to ommitt that medetation of that I had hard,
which I ought to haue had.

(^Saterday 15^)
when I had praied I wrought tell 9 :, then I did eate my        #
breakfast :
after, I walked to the church w=th= Mr Hoby, and was there tell
dimer time : then I praied, and, after dinner, I wrought and    #
went
a litle about the house tell : 6 :, then I went againe to the   #
church
<P 72>
w=th= Mr Hoby and, after I came home, I examened my selfe, and
praied : after supper I examened papers, when lector was done,
with Mr Hoby, and so went to bed :

(^The Lordes day 16^)
After I had praied priuatly, I went to church and, from thence
returninge, I praised god both for the inableinge the minister
so profettably to declare the word as he had, and my selfe to   #
heare
w=th= that Comfort and vnderstanding I did : after dimer I      #
walked
with Mr Hoby tell Catzhising was done, and then I went to
church : after the sarmon I looked vpon a poore mans Legg,
and after that I walked, and reed a sarmon of Geferd vpon the
song of Salomon : then I examened my selfe and praied : after 
supper I was busie with Mr Hoby tell prair time, after which I
went to bed :

(^Munday the 17^)
After priuat praier I saw a mans Legg dressed, took order for   #
thinges
in the house, and wrough tell dinner time : after dinner I      #
went
about the house, and read of the arball : then I tooke my
Cocth and Came to Linton, wher, after I had talked a whill with
my mother, examened my selfe and praied, I went to supper, and
then praied publeckly, and so to bed :

(^Tewsday the 18^)
After I had praied priuatly I went to brakfast and, sonne       #
after,
took my Cocth, and wente to malton to salute my Lady Ewre,
with whom I staied about : 2 : howers : then Came to            #
Rillington,
and went to my Cossine Gates house, and so home to Linton to
supper : after that to prairs, and then to bed

(^Wensday the 19^)
After praier I went to breakfast, and so tooke choch and Came   #
to
York, to Mr Skidmores house their, wher, after much time
spent their with some freindes, I went to priuat praier : and,
hauinge supped, I was at publeck praers very sicke : the Lord
pardon the sinne for which I was so punished, it beinge the     #
will of 
god often to punishe one sinne with another, for I had Litle    #
proffet
by that praier, by reasone of my sicknes: yet, presently, I     #
was well
with meanes, and so went to bed

(^Thursday the 20^)
After priuat praier I wnt to the maner to doe my dutie to my
<P 73>
Lady Borley, wher I hard Commune saruice, and diner :
after which I had speech of some worldly matters, and then      #
tooke
Cocth with my Lady, and Cam home againe to supper with hir :
before which we had saruice and, about ten a clock, I came to   #
my
Lodginge, and so went to bed

(^Friday the 21^)
After priuat praier I went to breakfast, and then I talked      #
with a
phesition which, I hope, the Lord hath prouided for me in steed
of Doctor Brewer, and some other gentelmen : after dinner I had
companie of many gentllwemen that came to me, and Mr Fuller,
my Lorde Burleys chaplen, who seemed a godly and relegous
young man : then I went to vesitte my Cossin Bouser that
lay ine, and thence returned to supper to Mr Skedmores, before
which I praied priuatly : after supper diuers gentlemen cam in,
who taried so late that we had no publeck praers, and so I went #
to
bed, priuatly Comending my self to god

(^Saterday the 22^) 
After a priuat praier I brake my fast and then talked with Mr
Iister : then I took my Cotch and went to Bisshopthorpe to
the Busship : their I dined, and talked with Mrs Hutten of
relegion tell I Came from thence : then I Cam to York, to Mr
Skidmors House, wher, after I had praied, I went to supper to
my Cossine Bousers howse, wher I had Conferrance with a 
relegious gintelwoman, and, thence Returninge, went to bed

(^The lordes day 23^)
After priuat praier I walked and did eate my breakfast : then I
reed a chapter of the Bible to my mother, and repeted the       #
Doctrins
which from thence I had hard Mr Rhodes Colecte : then I went
to the church, wher I hard Mr Pamer speak, but to small         #
profitte
to any : thence I returned and priuatly praied, lamentinge the
misirie of godes visible Church, and praisinge his goodnes to   #
my
selfee about others : then, sonne after, I went to diner :      #
after
that, I talked with Mr Hoby, and so went to my Cossine Bousers
child christninge, and hard a sarmon, somthing better then that
in the morninge : which ended, with all Ceremones, I returned
to my lodginge, and examened my selfe and praid : then I went
to supper to Mr Neuells : after, I went to my lodging, and so
went to bed 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 76>
(^October 1599. Friday the 5 day^)
After priuat praier I went about the house, then I wrett notes  #
in 
my testement : then Mr Hoby Came home, with whom I talked 
tell diner time : after diner I was busie about presaruing      #
quinces, 
and, a Litle before supper time, I walked about the house :     #
then 
I examened my selfe and praied, then I went to supper : after 
to the lector, and, sonne after that, to bed

(^Saterday the 6 : day^)
After priuat prairs I did walke about and eate my breakfast : 
then I went abroad with Mr Hoby : then I Cam home and dined : 
after, I wret notes in my testement, then I went in to the      #
Granerie, 
and other places in the house, and so came to examine my selfe 
and praied : and then I went to supper, and so to lector, and   #
then 
to bed.

(^The lordes day : 7^)
After priuat praers I did eate my breakfast, and then to the    #
church, 
wher, after the hearing of the word and receauinge the          #
sacrementes, 
I Came home and did praie : and so to diner : after which I 
walked and talked with Mr Rhodes : then, sonne after, I went    #
to 
church againe, and, after the sarmone ended, I Came home, 
where I did litle good but talked of many maters, litle         #
Concerning 
me, with Mrs Ormston, to whom I read a whill of the Bible : 
and after I returned in to my hart, examenid my selfe, and      #
Craued 
pardon for my severall ommitions and Comitions : the Lord 
stringten me with his grace that I may sinne no more in the     #
Like 
sort, amen : then I went to supper, after to the repetition     #
and 
praers, and so to bed

(^Munday the 8 : day^)
After praers I went about the house, then I did eate my         #
breakfast : 
after, I was busie tell diner time : after dinner I was busie   #
and did 
talke with Mr Rhodes touchinge diuerse thinges : then I wret 
notes in my testement, and then examened myselfe and praied, 
then went to supper : after, talked with Mr Rhodes of good 
thinges, and so went to bed.

(^Tewsday the : 9 day^)
After priuat praers I did eate my breakfast with Mr Hoby : 
then I walked abroad, and tooke a lector : after, I Came in     #
and 
praied, and then went to diner : then I went about and          #
deliuered 
corne : then I Came into my Chamber, & wret notes in my 
<P 77>
testement, and after receiued Rentes, and walked awhile : 
and then examened my selfe and praied : after, I walked a       #
while, 
and read of Babington, and then went to supper and, sonne       #
after, 
went to bed, Mr Hoby Cominge home late

(^Wensday the : 10 : day^)
After priuat praers I went about and did eate my breakfast : 
then I wret some notes in my bible, then went to diner :        #
after, I 
walked, and presarued some sweet meat : then I wret notes       #
againe 
in my bible, then I walked, and then came in and examened my 
selfe and praid : then I went to supper, and, after, paied      #
seruantes 
wages, and so went to bed

(^Thursday the : 11 : day^)
After praers I wret awhill some notes in my testemente, then I 
did eate my breakfast : then I walked tell allmost dinner       #
time, 
then I wret a whill some notes in my testement, and then dined  #
 : 
after, I walked with Mr Hoby, and then againe wret some notes 
in my testement : then I went about the house and taked a       #
whill 
with Mr Rhodes, and, sonne after, Came vnto priuat praier and 
examenation : then went to supper, and, sonne, after, to the 
Lector, and then to bed

(^Friday the 12^)
After priuat praier I went about the house and did eate my      #
breakfast : 
then I wrett some notes in my testement, and then walked 
about : then I praied and read of the bible, and so went to     #
dimer : 
after, I walked a broad, and, at my Comming home, I tooke a 
Lector, and wrett a whill : and, after I had gone about the     #
house, 
I returned to praier and examenation, my selfe, and then reed   #
of 
Bright of Mallincocolie, and then went to supper : after, to 
praers, and so to bed.

(^October Saterday the 13^)
After priuat prairs, I did writ a Letter : after, I did breake  #
my 
fast, then I went about the house and, after, read of the       #
bible : 
then I went to dinner, and after walked abroad with Mrs         #
Ormston : 
then I was busie in the kitchine and about the house tell 6 :, 
then I praied and examened my selfe : then I walked tell        #
supper 
time and, after supper, to prairs, and so to bed

(^The Lordes day 14^)
After priuat prairs I did eate my breakfast, and then I did     #
read of 
the Testement, and so went to church : after I Cam from         #
thence, 
<P 78>
I medetated a while of that I had hard, and then praied, and    #
so 
went to dinner : after, I walked tell church time and then,     #
after 
the sarmon, I walked, and read and talked with Mrs Ormston 
of that was deliuered : after, I examened my selfe and praied   #
 : 
after I went to supper and, after that, to praers, and lastly   #
to bed

(^Munday the 15 day^)
After priuat prairs I did take my leave of Mr Hoby and, sonne   #
after, 
went to church wher, a child beinge Babtised, I hard a sarmon   #
 : 
after, I Came home and wrett to Mr Hoby and my Mother, and 
sent away a messhinger to Linton : then I praied, and then to 
dinner : after, I wrett notes in my testement and walked, and, 
at 6 : a clock, I examened my selfe and praied : then I hard 
Mrs. Brutnell Read of the Herball tell supper time, after       #
which 
I praied, and so went to bed : 

(^Tewsday the 15^)
After priuat praier, and order taken for the house, I did eate  #
my 
breakfast, took a lector, walked, and praid, and so went to     #
dimer : 
after, I talked with Mr Measse, then I wret in my sarmon 
bood, and walked, talking with him, and then examened my 
selfe and praied : then went to supper, after to the lector,    #
and 
so to bed

(^Wensday the 17^)
After I was readie, and had praied priuatly, I tooke order for  #
the 
house and so went to breakfast : then, soone after, I tooke my 
Cotch and went to Linton, wher, I aftor salutinge my mother, 
praied, and so went to supper : after, I hard a good lector     #
and, 
after that, talked with Mr Wilsone, a godly Preacher, and so 
went to bed

(^Thursday 18^)
After I had praied with Mr Rhodes, I did eat my breakfast and 
so went to the Church, wher I hard Mr Wilson preach : then 
I Came hom to dimer, neccltinge my Costomarie manner of 
praier by reason of my Lord Ewrie and my lades being there : 
after dinner we talked a whill and then went to church, whor 
I hard Mr Rhodes preach : after, I Came home and praied before 
supper, and, after supper, talked, and so went to bed

(^Friday the 19^)
After priuat praier I took my leaue of diuerse, then hard a     #
Lector 
and went to breakfast : after, I took my leaue of Mr Wilson, 
<P 79>
and then walked abroad, and then I Came home and talked of 
many good thinges with Mr Rhodes and, after priuat praied, 
I went to supper, and, aftor supper, I I hard a Lector, and so 
went to bed

(^Saterday the 20^)
After priuat praier I did eate my breakfast, and so hard a      #
Lector : 
then I went to dinner and, after, took my Leaue of Mrs Gower 
that Came to se me, and so Came to Hacknes, wher I praied 
and then went so supper : after which I hard a Lector, and so 
went to bed

(^The Lordes day 21^)
After priuat praier I did eate my breakfast and then I went to 
church : after, I cam home and praid, then dined, and after     #
went 
to Catezisme and after none sermon : and then Came home, 
and wrett somthinge, then praied, and so went to suppr :        #
after, 
I hard praers and, not long after that, hauinge talked with     #
the 
workime, I went to bed

(^Munday the 22^)
After priuat praier I did write : then I did eate my breakfast  #
 : 
then I went about the house and then I wret out my sermon : 
after, I praied, and so went to dinner : after dimer I walked   #
about 
and had a Lector, and then Came to priuat praier and            #
medetation : 
after, I wret some notes in my testement and then went to       #
supper : 
after, to the Lector, and then I wret a letter to my mother,    #
and 
so to bed

(^Tewsday the 23^)
After priuat praier I did walk a bout the house and then write 
note in my testement : after, I went to brakfast and, after,    #
talked 
awhile with Mr Langdall of his sonne, and then went to 
Skabye to visitt Mrs Bell : then, after 2 howers, I Came home   #
and 
took order for thinges in the house, and then examened my       #
selfe 
and praied : after, I walked a while and then went to supper,
after that to the Lector, and, whan I had despacthed some to
York and Skarbraugh, I went to bed

(^Wensday the 24^)
After priuat praier I went about the house a while, then I      #
wrett 
notes in my testement, and, after I had eaten my breakfast, I   #
went 
abroad : after I Came home I praied, and, sonne after, when I 
<P 80>
had reed of the Bible, I dined : after, I despacthed some       #
busenes
in the house, then I tooke a Lector : after, I wrett in my      #
Comun 
place book, and then praied with Mr Rhodes, and went about the 
howse a whill, and then returned to medetation and priuat       #
praier : 
then I stoudied a while for my Lector, and, after, went to      #
supper : 
after I hard a Lector, and then I read of the book of marters 
and so went to bed

(^Thursday the 25^)
After priuat praier and breakfast I did read a whill for        #
beinge not 
well, partly through myne owne folly, which I humble praie the 
Lord to pardon : I went to dimer : after, I wrett some notes    #
in 
my testement and then took a Lector : after, hard Euerill       #
Read, 
and then praied, so went to supper, after to prairs, and then   #
to bed

(^Friday the 26^)
After priuat praier I did eate my breakfast, Read a Longe       #
Letter 
and wret an other, then praied, and after went to dimer :       #
after 
which I hard a great disputation betwen 2 : preachers, then     #
took 
a lector : after, talked with one that Came to se me, and then  #
went 
to praier and examenation : after, I went to supper, then to    #
the 
Lector, and so to bed :

(^Saturday the 27^)
After priuat praier I wret to my Lord Ewre, then I took leaue, 
with some Conferance, of some that Came to se me, then I did 
eate my breakfast, and walked about tell diner time : after     #
dinner 
I went about the house, and then tooke my Cotch and went        #
abroad : 
after I Cam home and took order for supper, I praied priuatly   #
& 
examened my selfe : then I Looked and wret in the houshould 
book, and so went to supper, after to Lector, and then to bed

(^The Lordes day the 28^)
After priuat praers I wret notes in my testement, and did eate 
my breakfast : then to church, after I Came honne to praier 
and so to dimer : after which, I talked w=th= a woman that was  #
to 
bedeuorsed from hir Husbande with whome she liued               #
inceasteously : 
then I went to Church and, after Catezising and sermone, I 
walked abroad : then I medetated of the sarmons, and raed and 
spoke to Mrs Ormstone of the Chapter that was read in the 
morning, and so went to priuat praier : after, to supper, then  #
to 
praers, and sonne after to bed : 
<P 81>
(^Munday the 29^)
After priuat praier I did eate my breakfast, then I did go      #
about 
the house tell allmost diner time, then I praied and then       #
dined : 
after I had rested a while, I wrett my sermone, and then took   #
a 
Lector, and, after, I hard praier and a Lecttor, because, in    #
regard 
of mens dullnes after meat and being winter, it was thought 
more Conuenient to be before supper : after, I praied priuatly 
and then of the testement and so went to bed :

(^October Tewsday the 30^)
After priuat praier I did eate my breakfast, then I was busie   #
to dye 
wooll tell allmost diner time, then I praied and dined : then   #
I 
walked, and took a Lector, and read tell Lector time : then I 
hard that, and so went to supper : after, I was busie a whill   #
and 
then praied and examened my selfe, and, after, reed a whill,    #
and 
so went to bed 

(^Nouember 1599: Wensday the first^)
After priuat praier I talked a while with Mr Rhodes, then I     #
did 
eate my breakfast, and went a while about the house : after, I 
answered a Vaine Letter, then I went to dimer : then I walked 
about the house and wret in my testemente : after, I walked 
abroad and, when I Came hom, I talked with Jousha, and so went 
to priaut praier and medetation, and then to supper : after,    #
to 
praiers and so to bed

(^Thursday the 2^)
After priuat praier I did eate a Litle, and so took my Choch    #
and 
went to Seamer to see my Cosine Bousers wiffe, wher I dined : 
and then Cam home, wher, after I had walked a while about, 
I went to priuat praier and medetation : then I went to         #
supper, 
after to prairs, and so to bed :

(^Friday the 3^)
After I priuat praier I did break my fast, then I wrought tell 
allmost dimer time, then I praied : after dimer, I walked       #
aboute 
the house, and did pray with Mr Rhodes : then I did read a      #
while 
to my workwemen, and then to the Lector : after, to supper, 
and, after that, I did walke a whill, and then I praied         #
priuatly 
and examened my selfe, and so to bed. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 168>
(^The : 9 : day^)
thes day I Continewed my ordenarie exercises, I praise god, 
without sicknes or trouble : and so, like wise, the 10 and :    #
11 : day 

(^The lordes euen 11 : day^)
After priuat praiers I was busie in the Kitchine and garden     #
tell 
diner time, and, after, tell Mr Hoby Came home : and after I 
had walked a litle abroad, I went to priuatt prairs and         #
examenation

(^The Lordes day : 12 : day^)
This day, I praise god, I hard the exersices and receiued the 
sacrementes with much Comfort, and in health Continewed my 
Custom

(^The 2 day of the weeke 13 : day^)
As, through corruption, we vse not the blessinge of peace as    #
we 
ought, so are we to expecte new temptations to humble vs for    #
our 
former necclegence, and so I haue benne, this day, boffeted     #
for 
better heed

(^The 3 day of the weeke : 14 :^)
After I had reed and praied I went about the house, made a      #
saule 
for a sore beast, then I Came to worke into my chamber, and so 
went to diner : after, I walked a whill & spake to Iohn Dowson 
for Mault, and so went to worke tell praier time

(^The 15 day The 16 day^) These 2 daie I Continewed my
accustomed exercises, and wrought most of a token I sent to 
London

(^The 17 day^)
This day blakeborn Cutt his foot with a hatchett

(^The : 18 : day^)
this day I finished my worke, wrott Letters to London, talked 
with Mr Stillington, praied at my accustomed times, and         #
dressed 
Tho Blakbornes foott : and, after, went to readinge and 
preparation for the next day

(^The Lordes day : 19 :^)
this day it pleased god to blesse my reading and medetation,    #
and, 
in the afternone my hearinge of Mr Vrpith : after, I Came home 
and Caused Mr Stillington to Read of Grenhame, and, after, 
I went to priuatt readinge and praier
<P 169>
(^The 2 day, of the weeke, the 20 :^)
this day my Mother Came to Hacknes, and staied the next day, 
which was it when Mr Hoby tooke his iournie to London : att 
which time, I thank god,

(^21 : day^)
I Continewed my exercises in good health, and at night hard 
Iohn Corrow praie :

(^The 22^)
my Mother went in the morninge betimes, and after she was       #
gonne 
I dressed vp my Closett, and was buseed about that all the day 
tell night, at which time Iohn Corrow praied and reed           #
publeckly : 
and, after I had performed som priuat dutie, I tooke order for 
peters going to the markett, and went to bed

(^The 23 day^)
Mistress Brutnell accompaned me at diner, and in the after      #
none 
Mr Rhodes Cam home, and his brother Edward, who brought 
me a booke from his wiffe : after, I talked with Mr Coniers of 
Scarborow, who went to London : and, after he was gone, I 
praied, and dressed Tho Blackbourns Legg, and after went to 
readinge and medetation

(^Aprill The 24 :^)
This day I performed my ordenarie exercises, and wrett to 
Mr Hoby by Mr Coniers

(^The : 25 : day :^)
After praers and breakfast I went to church : when the sarmen 
was done I praied, and dressed blackbourns Legge : after diner 
I went Diuerse busenes about the house, and hard Mr Rhodes
read, and after went to priuatt examenation and praier

(^The Lordes day : 26 :^)
After I was readie I went to the church, and, after praers and 
sermon, I Came home and dressed Blackbourns foote : after, 
I dined, and after I talked and reed to some good wiffes :      #
after, 
I praied and reed, and wrett notes in my bible of the morninge 
exercise : after, I went to the church, and, after sarmon, I 
dressed a poore mans hand : and after that I walked a broad,    #
and 
so Came to priuat examenation and praier

(^The 27 day^)
After priuat praier I was busie about the house, and dressed    #
my 
<P 170>
saruants foot and another poore mans hand, and talked with 
others that Came to aske my Counsill : after, I went into the 
Garden, and gaue some hearbes vnto a good wiffe of Erley 
for his garden : after, I Came to diner, praied, and went to 
diner : after, I talked a whill w=th= Mr Rhodes and his         #
brother, 
and, after that, went to worke, and hard Mr Rhodes read of 
Mr perkins new booke : and, after, went to walke, and about 
the house, and then went into my Clositt, and then examened 
my selfe and praied

(^The 28 day^)
After priuat praier I went to worke, and, before diner time,    #
came 
my Cosine Iohn Bouser, with whom I kept Companie vntell 
diner : after, we walked forth, and, when he was gone, I        #
dressed 
packeringes hand : after, I hard Mr Rhodes read of perkin, and 
after I went to priuat examenation and praier 

(^The : 29 : day :^)
After prairs I wrett to Mr Hoby and my Cossine Bouchier : 
after, I dined and wroughte tell allmost night : then I         #
praied, 
and, after supper, I hard Mr Aston praie and reade, and so 
went to bed  

(^The : 30 : day^)
After praers I went downe, and, before diner, Came Mr Hunter, 
w=th= whom I kept Companie tell his goinge away. After, I 
went and wrought with my Maides tell allmost night, and then 
I went to priuat examenation and praier

(^May : 1 : day^)
After I had hard the sarmon at the church, I praied and dined   #
 : 
and, after diner, wrett to Mr Hoby by Mr Etherington : after 
He was gone I went to priuat examenation and praier

(^The 2 day the Lordes euen^)
After I had praied I wound yearne tell dinner time : then I 
praied, and dined : in the afternone I receuied letters by Mr   #
Vrpith 
from Mr Hoby, and, after he was gon, I went to priuat praier 
and examenation/

(^The Lordes day : 3 :^)
After I had ben at the church I praied : and, after diner,      #
talked 
of good thinges to some of my neighbours, and, when they were   #
at 
<P 171>
Catizisinge, I wrett notes in my bible of the chapter : after,  #
I 
dressed the sores I had in hand, and, when I had wretten a      #
letter 
to my Mother, I went to priuat examenation and praier

(^The 4 day^)
After a few drowsie praiers I went about the house, omittinge, 
thorowe necclegence, some exercise before I practised : after 
diner I walked abroad, god notwithstanding giuinge me comfort, 
in some thinges, beyond hope : after, I praied, and after       #
supper, 
hard the lecture

(^The : 5 : day of May 1601 :^)
After praers I went to the church, wher I hard a sarmon :       #
after, 
I Came home and hard Mr Rhodes read : after diner I went 
abroad, and when I was come home I dresed some sores : after, 
I hard Mr Rhodes read, and wrought with in a while : after, 
I went to see a calfe at Munckmans, which had : 2 : great       #
heades, 
4 eares, and had to ether head a throte pipe besides : the      #
heades 
had longe heares like brissels about the mouths, such as        #
n'other 
Cowe hath : the hinder legges had no parting from the rumpe, 
but grewe backward, and were no longer but from the first 
Ioynte : also, the backe bone was parted about the midest       #
bicke, 
and a rowne howle was in the midest into the bodie of the       #
Calfe : 
but one would haue thought that to haue comed of some strocke 
it might gett in the Cowes bely : after this I Came in to       #
priuat 
medetation and praier

(^The : 6 : day^)
After I had praied, buesed my selfe about dyinge some cloth : 
and, after I had dined, I went to the dales wher I was, all     #
the 
after none, seeing som work : and, after I Came home, I kept 
Mr ward Companie tell praier time

(^May 1601 : The : 7 : et 8 day^)
these : 2 : daies I Continewed my accustomed exercises of       #
praier 
and medetation, and was at the Dales all most all the after     #
none/

(^The : 9 :: day^)
this day I kept my chamber and tooke phisicke, being, all the 
night before, pained in my teeth so that I nether slept nor     #
tooke rest

(^The : 10 : day^)
I was for my paine Eased, but my fase was swolen, and so I      #
kept 
<P 172>
my chamber, saue that I went to the Church, both fornonne and 
after, to the sarmons : and so, I thanke god, had good Comfort

(^The : 11 : day^)
I kept my chamber, and hard Iohn Corrow and Mr Rhodes read 
to me : and, in the afternone, some of my neighbours Came and 
sate w=th= me

(^The : 12 : day^)
I hard this day, after I had praied, Mr Rhodes read the booke   #
of 
my lord of Esixe treason, and I wrought : and so like wise in
the after none Iohn Corowe and he did read by Course vnto 
me tell a litle before I went to priuat praier and medetation.

(^The 13 : day^)
I Receiued 41 : 
sheppe from my 
Mother
After praier I wrough, and hard Mr Rhodes 
and younge Coroow read : after diner I dispatched 
all buseneses in my chamber, because 
I was not well, and at night I went to priuat 
praier, and after supper to the Lecture

(^The : 14 : day^)
In the morning I praied, hard Mr Rhodes read, and wrought : 
after diner I went about the house, and kept with my Maides 
tell all most night : then I went in to my Chamber and did      #
some 
busenis : and, this after none, tooke a Lecture of Rhetorike : 
and after, at my time, went to priuat medetation and praier 

from the 14th 
tell the 20 : 
I was both in 
paine and 
weake 
Only the Lordes day, in the Morninge, I 
hard the sarmon, but was so ill that I Could 
not goe the afternone, and was accompanied 
with my Cosine Isons wiffe tell allmost night, 
when I went to bed

(^The : 21 : day^)
After prairs I went about the house, and sonne after to the 
church : after diner I went about and wrought, and, before      #
supper, 
tooke Blackbours accountes for shepe he had sould : and after 
praied and so went to supper 

(^The 22 :^)
In the morninge I receiued letters from Mr Hoby : after, I      #
praied 
and dined : then I wrougt : and, after, I walked to the Dales, 
and at night I returned to priuat examenation and praier
<P 173>
(^The : 23 :^)
In the Morninge I wrett to Mr warde of Skarborowe : after, 
I praied and went about the house : after dinner I was busie 
in the Kitchine and in my chamber, and after I went to priuat 
examenation and praier

(^The Lordes day the : 24 :^)
After praier I went to the church, and after I came from        #
thence, 
I praied and reed : after, I dined : then I talked a whill,     #
and after 
wrett notes in my bible, and reed, tell church time, to a sicke #
maid 
in my house : after, I went to the church, and at my            #
accustomed 
times went to priuatt praier and medetation

(^May. The : 25 : day^)
In the morninge, after priuat prairs, I sente vp for Mr         #
procter, 
and Gaue him 20=li=, in parte of paiment of a greater some :    #
after 
diner I wrought, and Continewed my acuustomed exercises

(^The . 26 : day^)
I praied, wrought, and dined : tooke a lecture of Rhe : in 
the After none, and then went to priuat praier at my            #
accustomed 
hower

(^The 27 : day^)
After priuatt praier I wrett to Mr Stillingt, and dispacthed a 
messhinger to him : after, I reed, and wrought tell : 2 : a     #
cloke : 
then I praied and, after, eate a litli : then I went about the  #
house 
and was busie in the Kitchine, and after I praied.

(^The . 28 : d :^)
After praier I wrought, reed, went about the house, and praied 
againe before diner : after, I talked with Mr Bell and one      #
Halles, 
that brought his daughter heather : and after I kept Companie 
with my Mother, that Came from Linton : and after I went to 
priuat examenation and praier

(^The : 29 : day :^)
this day I Continewed my accustomed exercises, and was vesited 
by my Cosine, Mr Arthur Dakins, and others

(^The : 30 : day :^)
This day, beinge the lordes euen, I went to the church in the 
afternone and hard the Exercise against the recepte of the      #
lordes 
suppe



<B CEAUTO2>
<Q E2 NN BIA FORMAN>
<N BIOGR FORMAN>
<A FORMAN SIMON>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR AUTO>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FORMAN, SIMON.
THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND PERSONAL DIARY
OF DR. SIMON FORMAN, THE CELEBRATED
ASTROLOGER, FROM A. D. 1552, TO A. D. 1602.
ED. J. O. HALLIWELL.
LONDON: PRIVATELY PRINTED, 1849.
PP. 1.1 - 12.23^]

<P 1>
   (\In Dei nomine, Amen.\) This is the bocke of the life and   #
generation
of Simon, the sonn of William, the sonn of Richard, the
sonne of Ser Thomas of Ledes, the sonn of Ser Thomas Forman,
of Furnifales, and of An his wife, daughter of Ser Antony       #
Smithe,
&c. borne in the yeare from the Nativity of our Lord Jesus      #
Christ
1552, the 30. of December, beinge Saturday and new yere's eve,  #
at
45 minutes after 9 of the clocke at nighte, of the naturalle    #
bodie
of Marie, wife of the said William Forman aforsaid, and         #
daughter
of Jhon Foster, esquier, by Marienne Hallom, his wife, in a
village called Quidhampton, in the countie of Wilts, sytuate
in the valley on the north side of the river betwene Wilton and
Sarum, whose parents were well descended and of good reputation
and fame, and havinge many childrene and they disposed
diversly. He had by the saide Marie six sonnes and too          #
daughters,
<P 2>
viz. William, the eldest: Jone, the second, which after
married with William Hannom, gentleman, whose father was
sometymes Maior of Sarum, by whom she had noe yssue; after
his death, she maried on William Brincke, and died without      #
yssue.
The third child of the said William and Marie was Henrie, that
after toke to wife An the daughter of Thomas Harte, and had by
her yssue a daughter named An. The fowarth was Richard, whoe
toke to wife Sissely Parlet, the sole ayer of Jhon Parlete,     #
and she
died in childbed, and after he toke to his second wife Jone
Warum, by whom he had three children, Jhon, Dority and
Richard, and she also died. The fifte child of the saide        #
William
and Mary was this Simon, whoe in the 47. yeare of his age toke
to wife, through the grace and wil of God, Ane, the daughter of
Jhon Baker, of Kente, a cyvilian, and of Dorytie Monninges, the
daughter of Sir Edward Monninges, of Kente, knighte, to whom
was alyed many howses of honor and worshipe, as the Cliffordes,
the Sandes, the Lovelesses, the Chitches, the Finches, the      #
Alifes,
the Grindfordes, the Kempes, the Agers, and many knightes and
ladies, as the Erelle of Comberlan, Sir James Clifford, Sir     #
Michell
Sandes, the Ladie Loveles, the Ladie Ashenden, and divers
others, &c. The sixte childe of the said William and Mary was
Robarte, whoe toke to wife Jon, the daughter of Steaven Pore,
gentleman, of Dorsetshire, and the sam Robarte died leavinge    #
his
said wife with child. The seventh child of the said William and
Marie was a daughter, alsoe named Jone. And the laste and
yongeste was Johne, which too were not maried aft 40 yers of
age. And this was specially to be noted in the children of the
said William and Marie, there was never any of them did marry
till they were at leste 34 yers of age. And it is recorded in   #
auncient
<P 3>
bockes that ther ar three thinges specially noted in the name
of the Formans, that is, ther was never any of them proud,      #
covetouse, 
nor a traitor; and that may welbe seen to this daie in the
generation. The father of this Simon died when he was but a xj.
yers old; his mother lived after the death of his father 40     #
yeres
a widdowe; when she was fowar score and xij. yers old, she was
a lustie woman; but we will leave them all and speak of the
wonderfull life of the sayd Symon.

[}OF VISIONS THAT THE SAID SYMON HAD, BEINGE YET A CHILDE.}]

   Simon, beinge a child of six yers old, his father loved him
above all the reste, but his mother nor brethren loved him not.
His father, for the affecton he had to him, wold alwaies have   #
him
ly at his bedes feete in a lyttle bed for the nonce, and soe    #
sone as
he was alwaies laid downe to slepe, he should see in visions
alwaies many mighti mountaines and hills com rowling againste
him, although they wold overron him and falle on him and brust
him, yet he gote upp alwaies to the top of them and with moch
adoe wente over them. Then should he see many grete waters like
to drowne him, boilinge and raginge against him as thoughe they
wolde swallowe him up, yet he thought he did overpasse them.
And thes dremes and visions he had every nighte continually for
3 or 4 yers space. Thes visions God did showe him in his youth,
to signifie unto him his trobles in his riper years; for the    #
mightie
mountaines mighte signifie the great and mightie potentates     #
that
he had controversy with afterwards. And the waters mighte       #
signifie
the greate councells that were houlden againste hime, to
overthrowe him; yet God, the only defendor of all that be His,
wold never let him be overthrowen; but contynuallye gave him
alwaies in the end the victory of alle his enimies, and he      #
overpaste
all with credite by the helpe of God, to whom be praise for
evermore! Amen.
<P 4>
[}HOWE SIMON WAS SET TO SCOLE, WITH WHOM AND WHER.}]

   When Simon was almoste eyghte yers of age, in those daies
when the souldiars came from Newe-Haven, which was aboute
the yere of our Lord God, 1560, that the plague began in        #
Salisbury,
ther was a certain minister named William Ryddonte, (^alias^)
Ridear, that by his trade and occupation was a cobler, byt      #
after
Quen Maries dayes, when the lawe did turne, he was made a
minister, and soe withalle bacame a scholmaster and teacher of
children. He was a man of som 50 yers, mean of stature, and
a black grom sir. He could read English well, but he could noe
Lattine more then the singell accidens, and that he lerned of   #
his
too sonnes that went daily to a free scolle. This person, when
the plague began, fled from Salisbury for feare therof, and     #
cam to
dwelle at the priorie of St. Gilles, nere unto the father of    #
this
Simon, to whom this Simon was put to scolle at Michaelmas,
wher he lerned his letters. And when he came to lerne "In the
name of the Father," &c., because his capacity could not        #
understand
the mistery of spellinge, he prayed his master he mighte goe
to scolle noe more, because he should never learne yt; but his
said master beate him for yt, which made him the more diligent
to his bocke, and after som four dais, when he had pondered     #
theron
well and had the reason thereof, he learned yt. And after       #
that,
his master never beate him for his bocke again. And he profited
soe well, that in on yeare or lyttle more he had lerned his     #
single
accidentes and his rules clean out. And bording with this       #
priste
in the winter time, he wold make him lie alwaies naked, which
kepte him in greete feare. And after this he was put to the     #
free
scolle in the Close at Salisbury, with on Doctor Booles, which  #
was
a very furiouse man, with whom he wente to scole som too        #
yeares.
Then did the said Simon bord at one Mr. Hauknightes, that       #
somtyme
<P 5>
was register to the bishope, and nere unto this Mr. Hauknighte
dwelt a cannon of the churche named Mr. Mintorne, to
whom many tymes this Simon wente. And this cannon seldom
or never kepte any fier in his house, but he had some lode of
faggots lying in a house, and alwaies when he was a-cold, he    #
wold
goe and carry his faggots up into a lofte till he was hote; and
when he had caried them all up, he wold fetch them downe again
and burn none, and soe he made this Simon doe many a tyme and
ofte to catch a heate, saying yt was better to heat himself     #
soe then
to syt by the fier. Soe he went to scolle som too years with
Docter Bolles, and then aboute the yeare of our Lord God, 1563,
at Christmas, his father had him, and on the new yeare's eave   #
after
at nighte the father of the said Simon died, for he had kepte a
great Christmas, and on the day before new yer's eve he walked
abrod to his ground with on of his men. And ther came a dove,
and lighted before him, and alwaies rane before him, and many
tymes they offered to catch yt, and yt wold rise up and falle   #
downe
againe, and so they folowed it till it ran into a neighbour's   #
wodbine;
and the same nighte aboute midnighte, after the dancing
and sporte was almoste ended, he going into his chamber to goe
to bed, on as he thoughte stroke him in the necke, and he toke 
his bed, and died just 24 howrs after.

[}HOWE SYMON AFTER HIS FATHERS DEATH WAS PUT TO SHIFTE FOR      #
HIMSELFE,
AND WENT TO DWELL WITH HIS AUNTE FOR TWO YERS.}]

   After the father of Symon was dead, his mother, who never
loved him, grudged at his beinge at hom; and what faulte soever
was committed by any the reste, he was allwaies beaten for
yt, and she suffred him to goo to scolle no longer, but set     #
him to
kepe shepe, and to plowe and gathering of stickes and such      #
like.
The boy beinge but a xj. yers old juste at the death of his     #
father,
yet having reasonable wit and discretion, and being nymber
sprited and apte to any thinge, seeynge the hatred of his       #
mother
and of the reste of his brethren and sisters towardes him, and
<P 6>
that he could not followe his bocke nor be at quiete, he put    #
himself
an apprentice to on Mathewe Comins of Sarum at 14 yers,
which useth many occupations. Firste he was a hosier, and
therby he lerned to sowe and to make a hose; then he was a      #
merchante
of cloth, and of alle smalle wares, and sold hops, salte,       #
oille,
pitch, rosine, raisons, and all poticary drugs and grocery,     #
wherby
the said Simon learned the knowledge of alle wares and drugs,
and howe to buy and selle, and grue soe apte, and had such good
fortune, that in shorte tyme his master committed all to his    #
charge.
But ther fell out many controversyes betwen his mistres and
him, and she wold often beate him, especially for on Jean Cole,
her sister's daughter, which she kepte.

[}HOWE SYMON BEATE MARY ROBARTES, HIS MASTERS MAIDE.}]

   Nowe when Symon had put himselfe an apprentice for 10 yers,
as is said, with Mathewwe Connin, with condition that he should
[{be{] 3 yeares at the grammer scole, the which his master      #
performed
not, which was a parte of the cause why he wente from his       #
master
afterwards, as hereafter shall followe. Symon at firste beinge  #
the
yongeste apprentice of four, was put to all the worste, and     #
being
little and smalle of stature and yong of yers, every on did     #
triumphe
over him, but especially a kitchen maid named Mary Robartes;
and oftentymes she wold knock him that the blod should rone
aboute his eares. Yt fell out in tracte of tyme, within the     #
terme
of five yeeres, alle the other apprentices went away, and Symon
servyd by yt, and all thinges for the shope was committed to    #
his
charge. On a certain frosty morninge his master and mistress
were both gon to the garden, and there kinswoman with them,
leavinge non at home but Symon and Mary, willing Marye to locke
into the shope and helpe, yf occasion served; they being gone,  #
[{soe{]
many customers came for ware that Simon could not attend them
all, wherupon he calles Mary to stand in the shope. And she     #
came
forth and reviled him with many bitter wordes, and said shee    #
wold
anon have him by the ears, and soe went her way again. And
<P 7>
Simon put up all and said lyttle, but made the beste shift he   #
could,
and ryd them all awaie, and shut the shop dore, and toke a      #
yerd and
wente into Mary, who so sone as she sawe him was redy to have
him by the eares, but Simon stroke her on the handes with his
yerd, and belabored her soe or he wente that he made her black
and blue alle over, and burst her head and handes, that he      #
laid her
alonge crying and roringe like a bulle, for he beat her         #
thorowly for
all her knavery before to him done.

[}OF THE QUANDARY AND FEAR THAT SIMON WAS IN WHEN HE HAD
BEATON MARIE.}]

   When this combat was ended between Simon and Marie, and
that Symon had gotten the victorie of Marie, he was moch aferd,
for he thoughte yf his mistres should com home first she wole
take the maides parte, and then should Simon be well beaten;    #
but
yf his master cam firste, then he thoughte yt wold be so moch   #
the
better. And as God wold, his master came firste, and finding    #
the
maid cryinge and howlinge, demaunded the cause, and she told
him that Simon had beaten her. That's well like, said he, but   #
yf
he had, said he, he had served thee well ynough, for thou haste
beaten him full ofte. And with that he asked Simon the cause.
Sir, said he, her came many customers that I could not serve    #
them
and loke to the shop to; wherefore I called Mary to helpe to    #
attend
in the shope, and see to things; and she came forth and         #
scolded at
me, and wente in again and wold not doe it, that people mighte
stealle what they wold for her. And because therof, I did give  #
her
three or four lambskines with the yerd. Thou servedst her well
ynough, said he, and yf she be soe obstinate serve her soe      #
again,
said he. Thes words mad the maid stark mad, for she thoughte
he wolde have pitied her, but he toke Simon's parte. And then
shee cryed the more, till her mistress came, and demanded of    #
her
the cause, and she told her. Then she cam into the shope with
open mouth, but his master stopte her mouth and furie, and wold
not suffer her to beate Simon, as she would have don; wherupon
<P 8>
she grudged at him moch, and kepte it in mind a long tyme       #
after.
But after this Simon and Marie agreed soe well that they never
were at square after, and Mary wold doe for him all that she    #
could.
And many a pound of butter she yelded in the bottom after for
Simon's breakfaste, which before that she wold never doe.

[}OF THE COMBATE BETWEN SIMON AND THE TOO GODFRIES.}]
 
   In this proces of tyme, while Simon dwelte with his said     #
master,
they kepte a stannage at our Ladie faier, and ther were many
knavishe boies which were at play behind the stannage, and      #
thrue
stones against the stannage, and often thruste downe their      #
ware;
and then on Richard Kinge, a jornayman, com to his master to
helpe at that faire, sent Simon out to see who made that        #
quarelle.
And amonge alle the boies ther were too of Godfries sonnes of   #
the
Swane, an inholder, which gave Simon hard wordes, and said they
wold have him by the eares, and he being somewhat ferful stode
abashed, and the boies wolde not leave their knavery; at laste  #
out
came Kinge, and findinge thes boies to play the knaves soe with
Simon, and threteninge him, hardned Symon to have them by the
eares; soe to buffets they wente. And Simon beate them bothe,
and made them both give of; and after that, Simon would not     #
shrinke
for a bluddi nose with any boye, for he was then thorowely      #
fleshed
by the means of Kinge.

[}HOW SIMON WAS GIVEN TO HIS BOCKE, AND LERNED BY NIGHTE ALL    #
THAT
HENRY GIRD LERNED IN THE DAIE.}]

   Simon thus beinge with his said master was moch gyven        #
continually
to his bocke, for he wold never be ydelle, and many tymes
his master chid him that he was soe moch gyven to his bocke,    #
and
in the end toke alle his Lattin bockes from him, which trobled
Simon his mind moch. Soe it chaunsed that a kirsy man of
Denshire, on Gird of Kirton, borded a sonn that he had with
Simon's master, that wente every dai to the free scole, and he  #
was
bedfellowe to Simon; and loke whatsoever he lerned by day, that
<P 9>
did Simon learne of him alwaies at nighte, wherby, thoughe he
profited himselfe but lyttle, yet he loste nothinge of that he  #
had
before-tyme lerned, for his mind was moste ardently set on his  #
bocke.

[}HOW A. Y. LOVED SIMON.}]

   Ther was a man of good reputation and wealth, that dwelte    #
not
far from Simon's master, that had a proper fine maiden to his   #
only
daughter, the which being but yonge of yeares and younger then
Simon, that loved Simon wonderfull welle, and wold suerly see
him once a daie, or ells she wold be sicke. And often she wold
com to Simon's master, and entreat him very kindly on holly     #
daies
that she might see him or speake with him, and somtymes to goe
to pastymes with her; and she loved him soe well that yf forty
youth were at play before the dore, in a spacious place which   #
ther
was, yf Simon were not amonge them, she would not be ther; but
yf he were there, none could kepe her from thence. Yf Simon     #
stode
by his master or mistress at the dore she wold com and stand by
him, and wold not goe from him tille necessity did comple. And
Simon's master well perceyvinge the grete affection of the      #
gentlewoman
towardes Simon, wold often say unto her, mistress An
Yene love my boy welle methinkes; and she would aunswer, yea
forsothe, yf yt will please youe to give him leave to go rone   #
with
us, wee shall give youe thankes, sir. Wherupon oftentymes he
wold give him leave; and as for Simon, he loved her not but in
kindnes, but because she was soe kind to Simon, he wold doe
anythinge he could doe for her. And this love on her syde       #
lasted
longe, as herafter shalbe showed.

[}HOWE SIMON AND HIS MISTRES FELL AT CONTROVERSY, WHEREUPON     #
SIMON
AT SEVENTEEN YERES OLD AND A HALFE WENTE FROM HIS MASTER.}]

   When Simon had dwelte with his master som six yeres and a
halfe, ther fell out a controversye betwen Simon and his        #
mistres
<P 10>
aboute a dossen of flax that his mistres loste from stanning in
Simon's absence, and then wold have laid the blam on Simon, and
have beaten him for yt, of the whiche Simon thoughte great      #
scorne,
because he knewe himselfe cleare of the matter, and when she
wold have beaten Simon, as she had wonte to doe, with a yeard,
Simon toke the yearde from his mistres, and thruste her up      #
behind
a dore, and put the dore on her, wherupon she durste not meddle
with Simon again, but with weeping teares complained to his
master, whoe for soe doinge, althoughe yt was moch againste his
wille, beate Simon for yt; but he knewe his wife to be a        #
wicked,
hedstronge, and proud fantasticalle woman, a consumer and
spender of his wealth, and oftentymes they too were also at     #
square,
insomoch that twise he had like to have killed hir by casting a
peire of tailors shers at her, for once they went so nere her,  #
that
as she was going in at a dore, he nailled her clothes and       #
smock at
her buttockes to the dore, and the pointes of the shers wente   #
clean
throughe the dore, and she honge faste by the taille; wherupon
he swore in his wrath that yf ever he died before her, he wold
never give her anythinge. Thes controversies were often betwen
them, and many tymes when Simon and his master wente to his
farme together, some too milles of in the country, they wold on
complain to another of his mistress and her pride. And his      #
master
wold say to him, Simon, thou moste suffer as well as I myselfe;
thou seeste we cannote remadie yt as yet, but God will send a   #
remadie
on daie. Nowe because Simon's master had beaten him
for his mistres sake, herselfe being in faulte, Symon told his  #
said
master flate that he had not performed his covenantes according
to promise, and therfore he wold give of the trade and goe to   #
his
bocke againe, and he wepte sorely unto his master, and entreted
him to have his good will; and his mastre seing he wold needes
departe, consented therunto, and gave him his indenture, at the
which his mistres toke on mightily, and they all wepte, some    #
for 
joye and some for madnes and rage.
<P 11>
[}HOWE SIMON, AFTER HE WAS GONE FROM HIS SAID MASTER, BECAME A
SCOLLER AGAIN AT THE FRE SCOLE.}]

   Nowe when Simon was gon from his said master, and was at
his fre libertie to serve ells where, he mighte have had mani
masters, but he wold dwell with none, but provided and wente to
the free scolle every day for eight wickes' space, and folowed  #
his
bocke hard. Then his mother wold give him meate and drink no
longer, nor any maintenance, wherupon he was dryven to make
many hard shiftes, and he was soe gredy on his bocke, that yf   #
his
master wold not have beaten him, yf he could not say his lesson
well, he wold have wepte and suobbed more than yf he had byne
beaten. And yf his master gave him leave to play, that was      #
death
or a grete punishment to him, for he wold say, Play, play, her  #
is
nothing but play, I shall never be a good scoller; and alwaies
when his fellowes wente to playe, he wold goe to his bocke, or  #
into
som secret place to muse and meditate, or into the church.

[}HOWE SIMON BECAME A SCOLMASTRE BEFORE HE WAS EIGHTEEN YERS    #
OLD.}]

   Simon, percevinge his mother wold doe nothinge for him, was
dryven to great extremity and hunger, gave of to be a scoller   #
any
longer, for lacke of maintenance; and at the priorie of St.     #
Jilles,
wher he himselfe was first a scoller, ther became he a          #
scolmaster,
and taught som thirty boies, and their parentes among them gave
him moste parte of his diet. And the money he gote he kept, to
the some of som 40s., and after folowinge when he had bin       #
scolmaster
some halfe yere and had 40s. in his purse, he wente to Oxford
for to get more lerninge, and soe left of from being            #
scolmaster.

[}HOWE SIMON WITH ON OF HIS OLD SCOLLEFELLOWES WOLD GOE SEEK    #
OUT
OXFORD.}]

   Nowe it befell in that in the yeare of our Lord God 1573,    #
the
10. daie of May, ther was an ardente desier in Simon of further
lerninge and knowledg, and meeting with an old scollefellowe of
his, whoe before were allway brought up together and love as
<P 12>
brethren, whose father-in-lawe was as moch againe him as        #
Simon's
mother was againste him. Thes too confederated together to goe
to Oxford, and did soe, and ther they became both pore          #
scollers,
the on which was Thomas Ridear in Corpus Christie College, and
Symon in Magdalen Colledge. And every day he wente to the
free scolle for a tyme, and followed his boocke hard allwayes   #
when
he could have leysure. Nowe ther were too Bachelors of Arte
that were too of his chife benefactors; the one of them was Sir
Thornbury, that after was bishope of Limerike, and he was of
Magdalen College; the other was Sir Pinckney his cossine of St.
Mary Halle. Thes too loved him nying welle, and many tymes
wold make Simon to goo forth tho Loes the keper of Shottofer    #
for
his houndes to goe on huntinge from morninge to nighte, and     #
they
never studied nor gave themselves to their bockes, but to goe   #
to
scolles of defence, to the daunceing scolles, to stealle dear   #
and
connyes, and to hunt the hare, and to woinge of wentches; to    #
goe
to Doctor Lawrence of Cowly, for he had too fair daughters,     #
Besse
and Martha. Sir Thornbury he woed Besse; and Sir Pinckley
he woed Martha, and in the end he maried her; but Thornbury
he deceyved Besse, as the mayor's daughter of Bracly, of which
Ephues writes, deceyved him. But ther was their ordinary
haunt alwaies, and thethere muste Symon rone with the bottell
and the bage early and late. 



<B CEBIO2>
<Q E2 NN BIO PERROTT>
<N HISTORY PERROTT>
<A X>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^PERROTT (?), JOHN.
THE HISTORY OF THAT MOST EMINENT
STATESMAN, SIR JOHN PERROTT, KNIGHT
OF THE BATH, AND LORD LIEUTENANT
OF IRELAND.
ED. R. RAWLINSON.
LONDON, 1728.
PP. 31.10 - 44.14   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 106.3 - 120.3   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 31>
   Shortly, after Sir (^John Perrot^) returned
from (^France^) , and came to the 
Court of (^England^) , where he lived at
great Charge, and at soe high a Rate, as 
he grew into great Debt, and ranne so
farre into Arrearages, that he began to 
mortgage some of his Lands, and yet 
did owe some seven or eight Thowsand 
Pounds, being like to (^Allexander the Great^) 
in this, who agaynst his Expedition into 
(^Persia^) did put most Part of his Possessions 
(belonging to the Crowne of 
(^Macedon^) ) in Pawne. And being asked 
by (^Perdica^) , his chiefe Commander, what 
he left behynd hym, answered, (^Hope^) . 
So this Knight spending his Patrimony 
(as many of his Yeres and Calling do 
<P 32>
now-a-dayes, wastfully, and above their 
Habiliitie) had lefte but a bare Hope to 
recover his Estate. Yet he at Length
did begin to bethink hymself, and to 
look back into his decaying Fortune, and
soe grew much agrieved at his owne 
Prodigality. Insomuch that on a Time 
he walked out of the Court, into a Place 
where commonly the Kinge did use to 
come about that Howre; and there he 
began (either as knowing that the Kinge
would come that Way, or else by 
Chaunce,) to complayne as it were agaynst 
hymself, unto hymself: How 
unfortunate and unwise he was, soe to 
consume his Livinge, having wasted 
a great Part of that in few Yeares,
which his Auncestors had gotten and enjoyed
for many Yeres? And must I
(quoth he) be the Man that shall overthrow
my Howse, which hath continued 
soe longe? It had byn better I had
never byn born. And what shall I doe 
(sayd he) to recover my Estate? So entered 
as it were into a Disputation with
hymself, whether he were best to follow
the Court, or to leave the Court and
<P 33>
follow the Warres; for he feared that 
should he continew at Court, the King
being yonge, and under Government, if
upon his good Deserts the King should
be pleased to graunt him any Thing in
Recompence of his Service, yet his Governors, 
as the Lord-Protector, and the
Privey-Counsell, might gaynsay it, and
soe he should rather runne into farther
Arrearages, than recover his decayed Fortunes; 
but if he did retier hymselfe 
into the Contrie, where he might live at 
lesse Charge, or betake hymselfe unto
the Warres, where he might get hymselfe 
some Place of Commaund, it might be 
a Meanes to save his Revenewes, and to 
pay his Debtes.

   As he was thus sadly debating the Matter
unto hymselfe, the Kinge came behynd 
hym, and overheard most of that which
he sayd, who at length stepped before 
him, and asked him, How now (^Perrott^) 
(quoth the Kinge) what is the Matter that
you make this great Moane? To whom 
Sir (^John Perrott^) answered, And it lyke
your Majestie, I did not thinck that your
<P 34>
Highness had byn there: Yes, sayd the
King, we heard you well inough: And 
have you spent your Livinge in our Service,
and is the King so yonge, and under
Government, that he cannot give you 
any Thinge in Recompence of your Service? 
Spie out sumwhat, and you shall 
see whether the Kinge hath not Power 
to bestow it on you. Than he most humbly 
thanked his Majestie, and shortly after
founde out a Concealment, which as
soone as he sought, the King bestowed it
on hym, wherewith he paid the most 
part of his Debtes; and so always after
he became a better Husband.

   This Storie Sir (^John Perrot^) would
sometimes recounte unto his Frends, acknowledging
it a greate Blessinge of God,
that had given him Grace in Time to
look into his decaying Estate, and such 
Means to recover the same by the Healpe
and Bountie of so merciful and rare a
yonge Prince as this noble Kinge (^Edward^)
was, the like of whom, for Learninge,
Witt, and Princely Pietie, hath seldom 
byn seene in soe yonge Yeres. This
<P 35>
Example allso of Sir (^John Perrott's^)
Prodigality and Recovery may serve for the 
yonge Men of this Age, and of Time to 
come, to teach them (with the Prodigall
Sonne spoken of in the Gospell, and
with this Knight, whose Life is here
discribed) to return Home in Time, and
with the Eie of Consideration to look into
theyr Estates before all be spent, least 
that Sentence be sayd of them, as (^Cato^) 
sayd of one (^Albidius^) , that he did (\proterviam
facere\) ; which was an Adage, alludinge 
to the Fashion of the Sacrifices, 
that whatsoeyer remayned should be burnt. 
And so in this foolish Oblation of Prodigalitie,
and wastfull mispending, without
Providence or Foresight, whatsoever the
Belly consumeth not, they sett upon theyr 
Backs, whereby all is spent and 
consumed.

   After the Death of this towardlie and
noble young Prince, King (^Edward^) , Queene 
(^Mary^) his Sister cominge to the Crown,
Sir (^John Perrott^) continewed likewise at
the Court, and was well accepted of amongst
the best and greatest Nobilitie.
<P 36>
The Queene also did favour hym very 
well, and would say, That she did lyke 
exceeding well of him, and had a Hope 
he would prove a worthy Subject, but that
(as his Words were) he did smell of the
Smoake, meaninge thereby his Religion, 
for which he was called in Question by
meanes of one - (^Gaderne^) , the Queenes
Servant, and his Contrieman, who accused
Sir (^John Perrott^) , That he kept certain
Protestants, then called Hereticks, at his 
Howse in (^Wales^) , as one Mr. (^Alexander 
Nowell^) , who was afterwards Dean of
(^Litchfield^) . Mr. - (^Perrott^) his (^Unckle^) (who
had byn Reader to Kinge (^Edward^) in the 
(^Greek^) Tongue) and one Mr. (^Banister^) ,
with others, upon which Accusation he 
did not denie his own Religion, but was
committed to the Fleete, yet being well
frended, and the Queene favoring hym 
well, he was allowed to have his learned 
Counsell to come unto hym; and namely, 
one Mr. (^Nowell^) , Brother to the forenamed
Dean, and soe by such Meanes 
as he made unto the Queene, he was
released. Within a while he went to St.
(^Quintin^) , where he had a Commaund under
<P 37>
the noble Erle of (^Pembrock^) , who did
speciall Love and Favor to him so farre 
that there was never any Unkyndness betwixt 
them but once, which happened in 
this Sorte. Queene (^Mary^) did once give
speciall Charge unto the Erle of (^Pembrock^)
to see that no Hereticks (meaning Protesttants) 
should remayne in (^Wales^) . When the 
Erle had receved this Command, coming
Home to his Lodging, where Sir (^John Perrott^)
lay with his Sonne, Sir (^Edward Herbert^) , 
the Erle acquaynted hym what the
Queen had given him in Charge, and told
him, that inasmuch as the Queen had laid 
this generall Burden on his Back, I must
(sayd he) Cossen (^Perrott^) ease my selfe, and
lay part of my Burden on you for those 
Partes as the three Shiers whereabouts you
dwell and have Living. I know there is noe
Man can doe more than your selfe, and 
therefor that Charge which the Queene
hath given me for (^Wales^) in generall, the
same I must give you in particular for that
Syrcuite. To which Sir (^John Perrott^) answered,
Good my Lord (sayd he) I hope 
you know you may Command my Life 
and my Livinge, yet lay not that Burden
<P 38>
on me, but leave me to enjoy my 
Conscience, and I will not willingly meddle
with other Mens Consciences. To
whom the Erle replied sumwhat angrily,
What, Sir (^John Perrott^) , will you be an 
Heretick with the reste? Not so my Lord,
sayd he, for I hope my Religion is as
sound as yours or any Man's else; and
so with some other cholericke Speaches 
that Conference ended.

   In the Morning Sir (^John Perrott^) arose 
very early, and went abroad about his
private Business, and returned back agayn
by that Time the Erle was making hym 
readie (thinking that all Unkyndness had
been past) but the Erle, as soon as he 
espied hym, asked, What! Sir (^John Perrott^) , 
Who sent for you? He answered,
Why, my Lord, I did not think you
would have ask'd me that Question; and 
if I had imagined soemuch, you should 
have sent for me twise before I would 
have come once, and shall doe soe before
I come hither agayn. As he was turning 
about to goe out of Doores, the Erle
called upon hym to stay, for he would
<P 39>
speake with hym; and so they coming 
somewhat neere, fell into sharpe Words,
and from fowle Wordes to fowle Play, 
that if they had not byn parted, much
Hurt might have byn done. And soe Sir
(^John Perrot^) was fayne to depart, not being
able to make his Party good in that Place.

   This was not so privatly done, or so
secretly kept, but that it was published,
and Newes thereof came speedily to the 
Court, That the Earl of (^Pembrock^) and 
Sir (^John Perrott^) were fallen out; and the
Cause thereof was known to be for matters
of Religion; which beinge brought
unto the Queen's Eares (as Princes shall
be sometimes inform'd of meaner Matters
than this) she grew greatly displeased 
therewith; insomuch, that Sir (^John Perrot^) ,
having at that Time a Suite unto 
the Queen, for the Castle and Lordship 
of (^Carew^) (and a Promise thereof being 
made unto hym) when he came next unto 
the Queen to renew his Suite, the
Queene would scarce look on hym, much
less give hym any good Answer; which
he percevinge, determyned not to be sett
<P 40>
from his Suite with austeere Lookes, and
so pressed so neere to the Queene, that
he fell upon some Part of her Trayne,
and besought her Majestie, to remember
hir Princely Promise made unto hym for
(^Carew^) , wherewith she seemed highly offended,
and in angry sorte ask'd, What!
(^Perrot^) , sayd she, Will you offer Violence to
our Person? Then he besought her of Pardon
for his Boldness; but she departed with
much Indignation. At that Time, there 
was in (^London^) one Sir (^Thomas Jones^) , a
Knight of good Judgement and Wisdom
(who had married Sir (^John Perrott's^) Mother)
he hearing what had happen'd, advised
Sir (^John Perrott^) to reconcyle hymselfe
unto the Erle of (^Pembrock^) , and to 
make hym a Meanes to pacifie the Queene,
telling hym there was noe other way to 
recover hir Favor, and to avoyd present
Perill. Sir (^John Perrott^) answered, that 
sithence the Erle had offer'd hym such Unkindness,
he could not seeke his Favour, although
it cost hym his Life. But within
short Time, Sir (^John Perrott^) found such
Frends about the Queene, that she was 
content to remitte what was past, in Hope 
<P 41>
he would be reformed in Religion, and to
referre his Suite unto the Lords of her
Privey Counsell. When he came before
the Lords of the Counsell to know theyr
Pleasures, whether it were convenient 
that he should have (^Carew^) , according to
the Queenes Promise, there was amongst 
them one who bare greate Sway, the Buyshop
of (^Winchester^) : He had understanding
of Sir (^John Perrotts^) Disposition in Religion,
and of the Difference that had byn 
betwixt the Erle of (^Pembrock^) and hym;
therefore he began vere sharpely to censure
hym, and to tell hym; Sir (^John Perrott^) , 
sayd the Buyshop, Do you come to seek
Suites of the Queene? I tell you, except
you alter your Hereticall Religion, it were
more fitt that the Queene should bestow 
Fagotts, than any Livinge on you; and so
he pass'd on with a very severe Sentence
against hym. But when it came to the
Erle of (^Pembrock^) to deliver his Opinion,
he spoke thus (as Sir (^John Perrott^) hymself
hath related it) My Lords (quoth
the Erle) I must tell you my Opinion of 
this Man, and of this Matter, for the Man, 
I thincke he would at this Time, if he
<P 42>
could, eat my Herte with Salte; but yet, 
notwithstanding his Stomacke towards me,
I will give hym his dew, I hold hym to
be a Man of good Worth, and one who
hath deserved of hir Majesty in hir Service,
as good a Matter as this which he 
seaketh, and will noe doubt deserve better,
if he reforme his Religion; therfor
since the Queene has past her Gracious
Promise, I see noe Reason but he should 
have that which he seaketh. When they
heard the Erle of (^Pembrock^) speak soe favorably
for hym, who they thought would 
have been most vehement agaynst hym;
then all the rest of the Counsell were content
that he should have his Suite, and soe 
made favorable Report thereof unto her 
Majestie, who shortly after graunted hym
the same. And he did ever after (as he
had Cause) acknowledge hymself much
beholding unto the Erle of (^Pembrock^) , who 
in this, as in all things else, shewed hymself
most honorable. For what better Testimony
could be given of a worthy heroicall 
Mynd, then not only to forgett an
Unkindness, but to shew hymself most 
kynd, when he had both Cause and 
<P 43>
Meanes to be revenged; farre differing
from the Disposition of divers Noblemen
now a Dayes, who would be glad to finde 
such an Opportunitie (as was then offered 
unto this Noble Erle) to work any of
their Adversaries Overthrow, who should 
so deepely offend them. But this Nobleman
bare a more heroicall Spirite, knowing 
that to be trew which the Poet 
testifieth.

- (\Quippe minuti
Semper & infirmi est animi exiguiq; voluptas
Ultio, continuo sic collige, quod vindicta
Nemo magis gaudet quam faemina.\)

   He saith, that Desier of Revenge is a
Signe of a meane, weak, and an abject 
Mynd; for that none do rejoyce in Revenge 
more than Women: And soe on 
the other Side, we see many Times that
forgetting and forgeving of Injuries (especially,
where there is Power to revenge)
doth gayne more good Will, than the geving
of greate Rewards. Which is manifest
in this Nobleman's worthy Cariage, who
was truly valiant and magnanimous; but
not soe revengefull as those, whom Fear
<P 44>
and Malice doth move to worke other
Mens Overthrow.

   And this Example is here sett downe,
as well to give this Noble Personage his
due Prayse, as to leave it for a Patterne of
Imitation unto others. After this Passage,
Sir (^John Perrott^) did always honor the Erle
of (^Pembrock^) , as there was great Cause he 
should, and the Erle did lykewise extraordinarily 
respect hym, as many others
did in regard of his Personage, Witte, 
Valour, and Expertnes in Armes, which
he did much exercise, although the Particulars 
be not here sett down. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 106>
   Now when Sir (^John Perrott^) had reposed
hymselfe for a while in the Countrie,
and sometimes repayred to the
Court (as his Occasions served) for
some few Yeres after he cam from being
President of (^Mounster^) in (^Ireland^) ; he
was sodaynly sent for (^out of that Contrie^) unto
the Court, to take Charge of some
of the Queene's Shipps, which were to
be sent unto Sea (agaynst the Invasion
of the (^Spaniards^) ) upon Intelligence receved,
That (^James Fitz-Moris^) (who before
submitted hymselfe to Sir (^John Perrott^)
when he was Lord President of (^Mounster^) )
had synce byn in (^Spayne^) , and procured
the Promise of certayn Shippes and
Men to be sent into (^Ireland^) , to invade and
disquiett the State of (^Ireland^) , especially
the Province of (^Mounster^) .

   This beinge knowen to the Queene
and hir Privy Counsell, they sent for Sir
(^John Perrott^) to take the Commaund of
such Shippes and Pinacesse as should be
<P 107>
made redie to intercept, or interupt the
King of (^Spayne^) his Navie and Forces
which were designed for (^Ireland^) . He being
sent for by Post, mad such Speede 
in coming to the Court, that he came
from (^Pembrockshier^) to (^Grenwich^) in lesse
then three Dayes; there being about 
200 Myles Distance betwixt both the
Places. Insoemuch that when he came unto
the Queene's Presence, she marvelled
at his soe speedy repayer thither; and
told hym, she thought he had not herde 
from hir soe soone: Yes Madam, quoth
he, and have made as much Hast as I
might to come unto your Majestie. Soe
methinckes, sayd the Queene, but how 
have you don to settle your State in the
Contrie? And it lyke your Majestie, sayd 
Sir (^John Perrott^) , I have taken this Care 
for all; that setting all privat Busines
aside, in respect of your Majesties Service,
I have in the Contrie appoynted
the white Sheepe to keepe the blacke:
For I may well inoughe adventure them,
when I ame willing to adventure my
Life in your Majesties Service. With 
which Answer the Queene was well pleased,
<P 108>
and soe tooke hym asyde, with whom
she conferred privatly for a Time; then
dissmissing hym and appoynting hym to
receve farther Directions for that Service
from the Lords of hir Privy Counsell.
Then did Sir (^John Perrott^) prepare for
that Voiage with all convenient Speede.
He had with hym fiftie Men in Orange
tawny Cloakes, wherof divers were Gentlemen
of good Birth and Qualitie. Allso
he had a Noyce of Musicions with
hym, beinge his owne Servants. He was
served all in Silver Plate, with all Things
else sutable: And soe being royally furnished
in all Respects, he departed from
(^London^) abouts (^August^) , and goeing from
thence by Barge, he had with hym divers
Noblemen and Gentlemen who did
accompany hym unto the Shipps. As they 
lay in their Barge agaynst (^Grenwich^) where 
the Queene kept hir Court, Sir (^John Perrot^) 
sent one of his Gentlemen ashore with
a Diamond in a Token, unto Mistris
(^Blanch Parry^) , willing hym to tell hir,
that a Diamond coming unlooked for, did
allways bring good Looke with it:
Which the Queene hearing of, sent Sir
<P 109>
(^John Perrott^) a fair Jewell hanged by a
white Cypresse; synifying withall, that as
longe as he wore that for hir Sake, she did
beleve, with God's Healpe, he should have
noe Harme. Which Message and Jewell 
Sir (^John Perrot^) receved joyfully, and he
returned Answer unto the Queene, That 
he would weare that for his Soveraigne's
Sake, and doubted not with God's Favor 
to retorne hir Shipps in Saffetie, and either
to bringe the (^Spaniards^) (if they
came in his Way) as Prisoners, or else to
sinck them in the Seas. Soe as Sir (^John
Perrott^) passed by in his Barge, the Queene
looking out at the Window shaked hir
Fanne, and put out hir Hand tawards
him; who making a low Obeysance, put
the Scarffe and Jewell about his Necke,
which the Queene sent hym: Beinge 
arrived at (^Gyllingham^) , where the
Queene's Shipps rode, Sir (^John Perrott^)
feasted on Shippboard, such Noblemen
and Gentlemen as came with hym 
thither.
<P 110>
   The Names of the Queene's Shipps 
and Pinasses, which Sir (^John Perrott^) commaunded
were these,

   The (^Benenge^) , wherof Sir (^John Perrott^)
was Admirall; the (^Dread-Naught^) , 
wherof Mr. (^William Gorge^) was Vice-Admiral;
the (^Foresight^) , in which Mr. (^Nicholas
Gorge^) was Reare-Admirall; the
(^Catis^) , of which Captayn (^Yorke^) was Captayne;
the (^Swiftsuer^) , in which Captayne
(^Peirce^) commaunded; the (^Seabright^) , wherof
Captayn (^Ward^) was Captayn.

   With theise Shipps Sir (^John Perrott^)
sett out from (^Gyllingham^) to the (^Downes^) ,
and there rode at Ankor one Night;
from thence they sett forwards to (^Falmouth^) ,
where they remayned for a Sevenight,
and sent to the Court in Post, from
whence Answer was returned in convenient
Time. And during the Time of 
theyr Aboad at (^Falmouth^) , some of the
Gentlemen and Seamen went to Shoare,
and soe did Sir (^John Perrott^) hymselfe,
whom Sir (^John Kyllegrew^) enterteyned 
<P 111>
very kyndly, passing the Time in Wrestling,
Hurling, and such-lyke Exercises,
betwixt the Seamen, Servingmen, and
that Countreymen. At lengthe [^SOURCE TEXT: legthe^] they       #
departed
from thence, but were put into 
(^Plimoth^) by Stormes and contrary Windes;
yet they loosed soone from thence, and
soe sett to Sea for (^Ierland^) , where they
arived at (^Baltimore^) . At Sir (^John Perrott's^)
landing there came unto hym the Lord
(^Finey^) , with his Lady, Children and Followers;
allso allmost all the Countrey
thereabouts flocked about hym; and by
reason of his former Goverment in that
Country, they bare such Affection towards
hym, that the People came in greate
Numbers as neere unto hym as they 
might, some of them imbracing his Legges
and coveting to touche any Part of his
Body: Which the Vice-Admirall beinge a
Shippebord did perceve, and thincking 
that they came to doe hym some Hurt
did determyn to turne the Broad-Side of
his Ship towards them, and to discharge 
the full Ordinance upon them; but being 
informed that they came in Love to see
and salute Sir (^John Perrott^) , then he altered
<P 112>
his Purpose, and landed to accompany 
hym, where they were all enterteyned
as well as the Fashion of that Contry
could afford. From (^Baltimore^) , after some
Dayes Stay there, they sayled to (^Corke^) ,
where they stayed as longe. And from
(^Corke^) they costed to (^Waterford^) , and in
theyr Way about (^Kynsale^) they mett with
the (^Seabright^) , which had byn sent to the
Coast of (^Spayne^) to discover.

   On Sir (^John Perrott's^) Arivall at (^Waterford^)
he mett there with the Lord Cheife
Justice, that worthy Gentleman Sir (^William
Drewry^) , who was newly come off
of a Journey and was fallen Sicke; soe that
being very feeble in his Bedd, he did
Knight Sir (^William Pelham^) , who succeeded 
hym in Goverment, Sir (^Tho. Perrott^) the
Sonne of Sir (^John Perrott^) , with Sir (^William
Gorges^) and one other; and within 
fower or five Dayes after Sir (^William Drury^)
died. At which Time Sir (^John Perrott^)
being redie to depart thence with the
Queene's Shippes; the Counsell and Nobilitie
of (^Ireland^) were very desirous that
he should take the Sword to be Lord
<P 113>
Cheife Justice, untill farther Directions
were receved from (^England^) , for the Discharge
of that Place. But he refused 
soe to doe; saying, That he had allredy
taken the Charge of the Queenes Shippes,
which Service he must discharge,
and accounte for, befor he might undertake
any other, and that being don, he 
wou'd be redy to be imployed, as he
should be commaunded by the Queenes
Majestie.

   Sir (^John Perrott^) remayned a while 
at (^Waterford^) , and thereabouts upon the
(^Irish^) Coste, to give Impediment unto the
(^Spaniards^) Landing if they came that Way:
At length when he saw the Season of the
Yere was past for them, without great
Perill, to attempt any thing agaynst (^Ierland^) ,
and understanding by other Intelligence
that they had given over theyr
Enterprise for that Yere; Sir (^John Perrott^)
determyned to returne for (^England^) ,
and to deliver up the Queenes Shippes
without spending more Victuell Money
and Time in vayne. Soe they sayled 
<P 114>
homewards untill they came neere the 
(^Kentish Downs^) , harde by which Place
they espied a Pirat, one (^Deryfold^) , unto 
whom the Admirall Sir (^John Perrott^)
gave Chase, and followed hym to the 
Coste of (^Flaunders^) : After the taking
of hym, coming back to fetch the
(^Downes^) agayn, the Ship strake Ground
on the (^Kentish Kneeks^) ; where the
Queenes Ship, with all the Persons
that were in hir, stood in greate Perill
to be cast away; what betwixt the
Danger of the Place and Violence of
the Weather.

   At the which Time they made all
noe other Accounte, but that a speedie
Death should end all theyr Accounts.
Insoemuch that all Sir (^John Perrott's^)
neerest Frends and Followers came to
take theyr last Farewell of hym, (as
they then thought;) amongst the rest
his Sonne Sir (^Thomas Perrott^) was one:
To whom he sayd, Well Boy, God
blesse thee, and I give thee my Blessing.
I would to God thou wert a shore,
and the Queenes Ship saffe; then I 
<P 115>
should care the lesse for my selfe. With 
that Wish and Resolution Sir (^John Perrott^)
committed hymselfe to the Mercie
of God, and comforted them that were 
about hym; they All continuing that
Night hopeles of Life, or of Deliverance
from Danger: Untill at length by God's
good Favor they were driven to Sea,
and soe did remayne in Stormes and
Tempestes for fower Dayes and a halfe,
not knowing where they were: For
the Master of the Queenes Ship, called
(^Gray^) , had lost cleane all the Knowledge
of his Course; beinge taken with Tempest
in the midest of the Night, and soe
continuing in Myste and fowell Weather,
as the Violence of the Waves and
Windes would carie them: Neither had
they easily come to any better Knowledge
of theyr Being, but that they
were directed by one (^Deryfold^) , the Pirat
whom they had taken (and the following 
of whom was the Cause of all
theyr Danger, soe the Callinge of hym
was the Cause of theyr Secondary Deliverance.)
He was drawen out of the 
Bilbows, and his direction was more
<P 116>
certayn then the Master's of the Queenes
Ship; for he had usually haunted that
Coste as a Rover. When (^Deryfold^) was
called upon for his Opinion, whereabouts
they were; he demaunded where they 
first lost theyr Course? What Windes 
they had sithence, and how long they
sayled by eche Winde? Which being
signified, he presently conjectured whereabouts
they should be, and aymed at it
very neerely, appoynting what Course 
they should take. In the Midest of the
Weeke the Ship lost hir Mayn-sayle, being
stripped off from the Yard and from
hir Tackes and Suites, and was never 
found agayne: Soe that they were constrayned
of two Bunnetts to make a 
mayne Course, without which the Ship 
could have made noe Way, but would 
have byn swallowed in the Sea. At 
the length they were driven neere (^Harewich^) ,
where they mett with two Hoyes
who tolde them first the certayne Place
where they were. From thence they
came to (^Harewich^) , and stayed there two
Dayes: Soe they sayled into the (^Thames^) .
<P 117>
   At Sir (^John Perrott's^) first Coming 
to the Court, Objections were layed agaynst
hym, (as Envie did ever accompany
his greatest Actions) that he had
mispent much Time, and put the Queene
to unnecessary Charges, besyds the Perill
of hir Ship. And this was suggested
by (^Gray^) , the Master of the Ship,
sett on (as it was sayd) by greater 
Men then hymselfe. And he envying 
that (^Deryfold^) should have the Prayse
from hym, (for whose Pardon Sir (^John
Perrott^) made Suite) or that it should be
knowen, that the Master of the Ship
should not know his Course soe neere
his owne Home, who dwelt at (^Harwich^) ;
therfor (^Gray^) did as much as he
could excuse hymselfe, and lay the
Faulte on Sir (^John Perrott^) . But as it
fell out there was one (^Cesar^) , then Sir 
(^John Perrott's^) Page, who, thoe he were
soe yonge that few supposed he had taken
any Heede what had byn don in 
that Voyage, yet he did every Night 
carefully lay downe in Writting, what
had byn don that Day, what Windes
they had, and what Courses they took,
<P 118>
with all the Circumstances belonging to
that Voiage, from the begyning to the
endinge: which being founde out, and
the same appering so accord with the
Relation of Sir (^John Perrott^) in every
Poynte; and the Queene being satisfied,
as allso hir Counsell, that Sir (^John
Perrott^) did performe as much as was
possible for hym to doe: The Accusation 
was answered, and the Accuser did gayne
noe Credit thereby, but rather
Reproch.

   Yet, nevertheles, Sir (^John Perrott^)
wanted noe Adversarys, whatsoever he
attempted or performed: For presently,
upon his Returne from Sea, one (^Thomas
Wyriott^) , a Justice, and a headie
Man, did preferre a Petition, with Artickles,
agaynst Sir (^John Perrott^) unto 
the Queene; which Petition was referred
by the Queene unto the Master
of the Requests, to be examined and
reported. The Master of the Requests
tooke Paynes to heare the Cause; and
in Conclusion certified the Queene, that
there was noe Cause of (^Wyriott's^) Complaynts
<P 119>
agaynst Sir (^John Perrott^) . (^Wyriott^) 
was not soe satisfied, but complayned
to the Queene of the Master of
the Requests, that he had made a partiall
Report for Sir (^John Perrott^) . Whereupon
the Queenes Majestie referred the
Examynation of his Cause unto the
Lords of hir Privey Counsell; who did
lykewise heare the Matter, and found
that it was Malice, and noe juste Cause 
which (^Wyriott^) had to preferre agaynst
Sir (^John Perrott^) ; which they did in 
lyke maner make knowen to hir Majestie.
(^Wyriott^) continuing his Malice, or
rather his Madnes in this, made the lyke
Complaynt unto the Queene agaynst hir
Privey Counsell, as he did before agaynst
the Master of the Requests:
Wherupon he was committed first by
the Captayn of the Guard, under whose
Band he served, unto the (^Marshialsie^) ;
and Sir (^John Perrott^) lefte hym there,
at what Time he had purged hymselfe 
of all Complayntes mad agaynst hym by
his Adversaries, and had Lisence to depart
into the Contrie, for his Health,
and for the Disposing of his Affayeirs,
<P 120>
which he lefte in evill Order at his
sodayne Departure from thence unto his
Sea Voiage. 



<B CEFICT2A>
<Q E2 NI FICT ARMIN>
<N NEST OF NINNIES>
<A ARMIN ROBERT>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^ARMIN, ROBERT.
TEXT:  A NEST OF NINNIES.
FOOLS AND JESTERS: WITH A REPRINT OF
ROBERT ARMIN'S NEST OF NINNIES, 1608.
LONDON: THE SHAKESPEARE SOCIETY, 1842.
PP. 8.4  - 15.21    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 42.8 - 48.12    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 8>
   Jack Oates, sitting at cardes all alone, was dealing to      #
himselfe
at vide ruffe (for that was the game he ioyed in) and as
he spide a knaue - Ah, knaue, art there? quoth he. When he
spide a king - King, by your leaue, quoth he. If hee spied a 
queene - Queene Richard art come? quoth he; and would
kneele downe, and bid God blesse her majestie (meaning,         #
indeede,
the then queene, whom he heard Sir William Hollis,
his maister, so much to pray for). But heere is the jest: Jack,
as I say, being at cardes all alone, spying a knaue, and        #
saying,
Ah, knaue, art there? a simple seruingman being in the hall,
waighting his maisters comming, walking by, and hearing him 
say so, thought he had called him knaue, tooke the matter in
dudgeen, and miscalled the foole. Another seruingman, more
foolish then both, took Jack's part, so that in short time they
two fell together by the eares; who, being parted, Jack Oates
giues them each one a hand, and so takes them into the buttry
to drinke. The knight comes in: seeing the hall not yet quiet,
askt the matter. Jack comes - Ile tell thee, Willy, quoth hee.
As I was a playing at cardes, one seeing I wonne all I playd
for, would needes haue the knaue from mee, which, as very a
knaue as hee seeing, would needes beare him knaue for company;
so bid them both welcome to thy house - I haue bin to 
intreat the knaue, thy butler, to make them drinke. I, sayes
Sir William; and you, like a knaue, made them fall out. I,
answered Jack, and your drinke, Sir Knaue, made them friends.
Sir William, laughing, departed.
   Newes came to Sir William that such a nobleman was comming 
to his house: great prouision was made for his welcome;
and, amongst all, Jack Oates put on his new motly coate, cleane
muckender, and his new shooes. Much preparation was made,
which were too long to tell; for, Ile assure ye, it was one of
the greatest earles in England, vnfit to name here: but the
<P 9>
knight and his ladie met him at the gate to entertaine him.
Sir William, with a low congy, saluted him; the good lady, as
is the courtly custom, was kist of this noble man. Jack Oates,
seeing him kisse his ladie, on the sodaine giues the earle a    #
sound
box on the eare. Knaue (quoth he) kisse Sir Willie's wife?
The good knight, amazed at this, caused him to be whipt. But
the kinde noble man, knowing simplicitie the ground of his
errour, would not suffer it, but, putting it vp, left him, and
entred the house. Jack, seeing they were sad, and he had done
amisse, had this wit in simplicitie to shadow it: he comes      #
after
and askt the earle wher his hand was? Here (quoth he) - with
that he shakes him by it, and sayes, I mistooke it before,      #
knowing
not your eare from your hand, being so like one another.
Jack thought hee had mended the matter; but now he was
whipt indeede, and had his payment altogether. Thus fooles,
thinking to be wise, become flat foolish: but all is one, Jack
neuer repented him.
   At a Christmas time, when great logs furnish the hall        #
fire - 
when brawne is in season, and, indeede, all reveling is         #
regarded,
this gallant knight kept open house for all commers, where
beefe, beere, and bread was no niggard. Amongst all the
pleasures prouided, a noyse of minstrells and a Lincolnshire
bagpipe was prepared - the minstrels for the great chamber,
the bagpipe for the hall - the minstrells to serue vp the       #
knights
meate, and the bagpipe for the common dauncing. Jack could
not endure to bee in the common hall; for, indeede, the foole
was a little proudly minded, and, therefore, was altogether in
the great chamber, at my ladies or Sir Williams elbow. One
time, being very melancholy, the knight, to rouse him vp,       #
saide,
Hence, foole! Ile haue another foole; thou shalt dwell no       #
longer
with me. Jack to this answered little; though, indeede, ye
could not anger him worse. A gentleman at the boord answers,
If it please you, sir, Ile bring ye another foole soone.
I pray ye do (quoth the knight) and he shall be welcome.
Jack fell a crying, and departed mad and angry down into the
<P 10>
great hall; and, being strong armed (as before I described
him), caught the bagpipes from the piper, knockt them about
his pate, that he laid the fellow for dead on the ground, and,
all broken, carries the pipes vp into the great chamber, and
layes them on the fire. The knight, knowing by Jack that
something was amisse, sendes downe to see. Newes of this
jest came; the knight, angry (but to no purpose, for he loued 
the foole aboue all, and that the household knew, else Jack had
paid for it, for the common peoples dauncing was spoiled) sent
downe Jack, and bad him out of his sight. Jack cries, Hang
Sir Willy, hang Sir Willy, and departes.
   Sir William, not knowing how to amend the matter, caused
the piper to be carried to bed, who was very ill, and said, I
would now giue a gold noble for a foole: indeede, to anger him
throughly, one of the minstrels whispers a gentleman in the
eare, and said, If it pleased him, hee would; whereat the
gentleman laught. The knight demaunded the reason of his
laughing. I pray you tell me (quoth hee) - for laughing could
neuer come in a better time - the foole hath madded me. If
it please you (sayes the gentleman), here is a good fellow will
goe and attire him in one of his coates, and can in all poynts
behaue himselfe naturally, like such a one. It is good (sayes
the knight) and I prethee, good fellow, about it; and one
goe call Jack Oates hether, that wee may hold him with talk
in the meane time.
   The simple minstrell, thinking to worke wonders, as one
ouerjoyed at the good opportunitie, threw his fiddle one way,
his stick another, and his case the third way, and was in such
a case of joy, that it was no boot to bid him make hast: but,
proud of the knight fauor, away he flings, as if he went to
tak possession of some great lordship; but, what ere he got by
it, I am sure his fiddle, with the fall, fell in pieces, which  #
grieued
his maister so, that, in loue and pittie, he laughed till the   #
water
ran downe his cheekes. Beside, this good knight was like to
<P 11>
keepe a bad Christmas, for the bagpipes and the musicke went
to wracke - the one burnt, and the other broken.
   In comes Jack Oates, and (being merry) told the knight and
the rest that a country-wench in the hall had eaten garlicke,   #
and
there was seuenteene men poysoned with kissing her: for it
was his vse to jest thus. By and by comes in a messenger (one
of the knights men) to tell him that such a gentleman had sent
his foole to dwell with him. Hee is welcome, sayes the knight,
for I am weary of this foole: goe bid him come in - Jack, bid
him welcome. They all laught to see Jack's colour come and
goe, like a wise man ready to make a good end. What say
you to this? saies the knight. Not one word sayes Jack. They
tinged with a knife at the bottome of a glasse, as toulling the
bell for the foole, who was speechlesse and would dye (then
which nothing could more anger him) ; but now the thought 
of the new come foole so much moued him, that he was as dead
as a doore nayle - standing on tip-toe, looking toward the door
to behold ariuall, that he would put his nose out of joint.
   By and by enters my artificiall foole in his old cloaths,
making wry mouthes, dauncing, and looking a squint: who,
when Jack beheld, sodainely he flew at him, and so violently
beate him, that all the table rose, but could scarce get him
off. Well, off he was at length: the knight caused the broken
ones to be by themselues. My poore minstrell, with a fall,
had his head broke to the skull against the ground, his face
scratcht; that which was worst of all his left eye put out, and
withall so sore bruised, that he could neyther stand nor goe.
The knight caused him to bee laide with the pyper, who was
also hurt in the like conflict, who lackt no good looking to,
because they miscarried in the knights seruice: but euer
after Jack Oates could not endure to heare any talke of another
foole to be there, and the knight durst not make such a
motion. The pyper and the minstrel, being in bed together,
one cryed, O! his backe and face; the other, O! his face and
eye: the one cryed O his pype! the other, O his fiddle! Good
<P 12>
mussicke or broken consorts, they agree well together; but
when they were well, they were contented for their paines:
they had both money and the knights fauour. Here you 
haue heard the difference twixt a flat foole naturall, and a
flat foole artificiall; one that did his kinde, and the other 
who foolishly followed his owne minde: on which two is 
written this Rime:
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
   Jack Oates could neuer abide the cooke, by reason that he
would scald him out of the kitchen. Upon a time he had a
great charge from his Lady to make her a quince pie of purpose
for Sir Williams owne eating, which the cooke endeuored
to doe, and sent to Lincolne of purpose to the apothecaries
for choyse quinces. Jack, being at this charge
giuen, thought to be euen with the cooke, and waited the
time when this Pie was made. It hapned so, the cooke could
get no quinces: my lady (for it was the knight's desire to
haue one) sent about to Boston, and all the chiefe townes, but
all in vaine - the season serued not; but, rather then Sir
William should be vnfurnished, sent to Lincolne againe to
buy vp many quinces, ready preserved at pothecaries, which
she had, though with great cost. The knight, asking his
Lady for his pie, she told him with much adoe she had           #
preuailed, 
but with no little paines, in seeking quinces; for she
<P 13>
was faine to buy them ready preserued, and to make a vertue
of necessity that way. Sir William, seeing it was so, said it
should bee as well eaten, and sent for his friends, gentlemen
and others of no small account. There was other great
cheare prouided to furnish vp this sumptuous feast, and as
he inuited them, hee tolde them it was a quince pie, which he
would haue eaten. The day drew on, and the gentiles were
come, and all was in a redinesse, and still Jack forgat not
the pie, but stood faintly sicke, and refused his meate: the
knight, sory that his best dish fayled him, made no small
account of his well fare, askte him, Jack, sayes hee, where
lyes thy paine? In my mouth, sayes hee (meaning, indeede,
his mouth hung for the quince pie.) A barber was sent for
from the market towne hard by, who searcht his mouth, and
could finde no cause of paine: but Sir William, thinking the
foole wanted wit to tell his griefe (though not wit to play the
thiefe) had the barber depart, asking Jacke what he would
eate? he sayd, nothing. What he would drinke? he sayd,
nothing; which made Sir William doubt much of his health,
refusing his liquour when it was usually his practice, and the
knight joyed in it too: askit him if he would lie downe?
still answering no, but would stand by the kitchen fire. The
knight, that never came there but he did some exployte,         #
forgetting
that, led him by the hand (so much he made of him) and
bad the cooke see he wanted nothing. Jack, standing still,
groan'd and sayd, If he dyed, he would forgive all the world    #
but
the cooke. Hang, foole, (sayes the cooke) I care not for thee:
die to-morrow if thou wilt, and so followed his business.
They knockt to the dresser, and the dinner went up. Jack
had a sheepes eye in the oven: anone the second course came,
the pie was drawne, set by, and among other backt meates
was to be sent up; but, wanting sugar, stept aside to the
spicerie to fetch it; and Jack, in the meantime, catcheth the
pie and claps it under his coate, and so runs through the hall
into the yard, where was a broade moate: and, as he ran, the
<P 14>
hot pie burned his belly. I, sayes Jack, are ye so hot, Sir
Willies pie? Ile quence ye anone Sir Willies pie, sayes he;
and straight, very subtilly, leapes into the moate up to the
arm-pits, and there stood eating the pie. The cooke comes
in, misses the pie, withal misses Jack, cryes out, The pie!
Sir Williams pie was gone, the author of that feast was gone,
and they all were undone. A hurly burly went through
the house, and one comes and whispers the lady with the
newes: she tels Sir William how Jack Oates had stolen the
pie. Jack was searcht for, and anon found in the moate. It
was told the knight where the foole was eating it. Gentlemen
(quoth he) we are disfurnished of our feast; for Jack,
my foole, is in my moate, up to the arme-pits, eating of the
pie. They laught, and ran to the windows to see the jest:
then they might see Jack eate, the cooke call, the people
hallow, but to no purpose. Jack fed, and, feeding greedily,
(more to anger the cooke, than disapoint Sir William) ever
as he burnt his mouth with hast, dipt the pie in the water to
coole it. O! sayes the cooke, it is Sir William's owne pie,
sirra. O! sayes Jack hang thee and Sir Willy too: I care
not; it is mine now. Save Sir William some, sayes one;
save my lady some, sayes another. By James, not a bit,
sayes Jack; and eate up all, to the wonder of the beholders,
who never knew him eate so much before, but drink ten times
more. At length out comes Jack dropping dry, and goes to
get fire to dry him: the knight and the rest all laught a good
at the jest: not knowing how to amend it, Sir William sends
for the cooke, who came up with a sorrowful heart, and,
lamentably complaining, said it was the knights fault for
placing him in the kitchen, where he never was but hee did
like villany. The knight, not satisfied with the cookes         #
answere,
presently discharges him of his service, and sent him
to live elsewhere. Goe, sayes hee; trusse up your trinkets
and be gone. The cooke, seeing no remedy, departed.
   Jack, being dry, up he comes; and, knowing he had offended,
<P 15>
tels a jest (for it was his manner so to doe) how a young man
brake his codpiece point, and let all be seene that God sent
him, or such fooleries, but that was not enough; and to chide
him was to make of things worse then 'twas, and to no purpose 
neither. Sir William demaunded why hee eate the pye?
Because I had a stomacke, sayes Jack. Would nought else
serve, sayes the knight, but my pye? No, Willy, sayes he,
thou would not be angry then, and the cooke had not been
turned away: but all is well - thou art rich enough to buy
more. The knight, perceiving the fooles envie, sent for the     #
cooke,
and bid him enjoy his place againe. So all parties [{were{]     #
well
pleased but the yong big-bellied woman, who, perchance, longed
for this long looked for pie; but if she did, though long lookt
for comes at last, yet they shoote short that ayme to hit this
marke, for Jack Oates had eaten the pie and served himselfe.
This was a flat foole; yet, now and then, a blind man may hit
a crow, and you know a fooles boult is soone shot: out it goes,
happen how it will. Had Jack kept his owne counsell, the
cooke had beene still out of service, and [{he{] had been       #
revenged,
but now, being in his place againe, may live to cry quittance
for the quince pye. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 42>
   Will Sommers, in no little credit in the king's court,       #
walking
in the parke at Greenwich, fell asleepe on the stile that leads
into the walk, and many that would haue gone that way
so much loued him, that they were loth to disease him, but
went another way; I, the better sort, for now adaies beggars
are gallants, while gentiles of right blood seeme tame          #
ruffians;
but note the loue Will Sommers got. A poore woman, seeing
him sleepe so dangerously, eyther to fal backward, or to hurt
his head leaning so against a post, fetcht him a cushion and a
rope; the one for his head, and the other to bind him to the
post, from falling backward: and thus hee slept, and the woman
stood by, attending as the groom of his chamber. It changed so,
that upon great occasion, as you shall after heare, Will        #
Sommers
uncle came out of Shropshire to seeke him in the court; a
plaine old man of threescore yeeres, with a buttoned cap, a
lockram falling band, course but cleane, a russet coat, a white
belt of a horse hide, right horse-coller white leather, a       #
close,
round breech of russet sheeps wool, with a long stock of white
kersey, a high shoe with yelow buckles, all white with dust;
for that day the good old man had come three and twenty miles
on foot. This kinde old man, comming up in his countrys
behalfe, and comming into Greenwitch, asked the way to the
court: euery one directs him; but one villaine page directs
him by the court gate, to crosse in a boat over to Blackwal,
and told him that was the court. The silly old man willingly
paid his penny before hand, and was going ouer; but some
that ouer-heard their talk, hindered his journey and laughed
<P 43>
at the jest, yet pitied his simplicitie, and sets him in the    #
right
way. When he came in and saw such a place, he was amazed,
and stood gazing, which the gard and gentlewomen, in their
windows, had much sport to see. At last one asked him what
he was? The old man answeres, A poore Shropshire man; and
demands if there were not a gentleman in the court dwelling,
called by the name of M. Will Sommers? for the country hearing
him in fauour in the court, said hee was so at least. The
courtier answered, Here is such a one indeede. For fault of a
worse, saies hee, I am his uncle; and wept with joy that hee
should see him. Marry, sayes the man, Ile help you to him
straight; for, I tell you, not any in the court durst but haue
sought him, which this man did, and it was told him. Hee
was walkt into the parke, while the king slept that hote
day. Thether went they to seeke him. All this while my
friend Will was in counsel with the post; and the cushion
stood as arbitrator betwixte them, and the woman as a
witnesse what was said and done. At last came these
two and wakened him. William, seeing his head soft, What
soft post in this? quoth he. A post of mine own making, saies
the woman. But she lost nothing by her good will; for ere
shee left Will Sommers, shee got him to get her sons pardon of
the king, who was to bee hanged three days after for piracy:
but by Will Sommers means he deceived the hang-man. This
and many good deedes he did to diuers.
   The foole, being wakened, lookes about him; when he had
thanked the woman, asked what newes? sayes the man, Sir,
here is your uncle come out of the country to see you. God a
mercy cousin! sayes Will Sommers; I thank thee for thy
labour, you cannot uncle me so. Yes, truly, sir, I am your
own deare uncle, M. William, and with that wept. Are you
my uncle? sayes Will. I, sir, sayes hee. Are you my uncle?
sayes hee againe. I, sure, and verely too. But are you my
uncle, indeed? By my vusse I am, sayes the old man. Then,
uncle, by my vusse, welcome to court, sayes Will Sommers.
But what make you heere, uncle? He ups and tels his comming
<P 44>
to him. Will takes him by the hand: Come, saies hee,
thou shalt see Harry, onckle - the onely Harry in England;
so he led him to the chamber of presence, and euer and anon
cryes out, Aware, roome for me and my uncle! and knaues bid
him welcome. You are welcome, sir, said they: the old man
thought himselfe no earthly man, they honoured him so much.
   But Will, ready to enter the presence, lookes on his uncle,
and seeing him not fine enough to looke on the king: Come,
uncle, sayes hee, we will haue your geere mended; leads
him to his chamber, and attires him in his best fooles coate,
simply, God wot, meaning well to him; and the simple old man
as simply put it on, cap and all.
   But they come; and up they came, and to the king they
goe, who, being with the lord treasurer alone, merry, seeing
them two, how Will had got another foole, knew there was
sport at hand. How now! sayes the king, What news with
you? O, Harry! sayes he, this is my owne uncle; bid
him welcome. Wel, said the king, he is welcome. Harry,
sayes hee, heare me tell thee a tale, and I will make thee
rich, and my uncle shall be made rich by thee. Will tels
the king how Terrils Frith was inclosed. Tirrels Frith! sayes
the king; what is that? Why, the heath where I was borne,
called by the name of Tirrels Frith: now a gentleman of that
name takes it all in, and makes people beleeue it is all his,   #
for
it took the name from him; so that, Harry, the poore pine, and
their cattle are all undone without thy help. And what should
I doe? sayes the king. Marry, sayes Will, send to the Bishop
of Hereford; hee is a great man with Terril: commaund him
to set the Frith at liberty againe, who is now imprisoned by
his means. And how shall I be rich by that? sayes the king.
The poore will pray for thee, sayes Will; and thou shalt bee
rich in heauen, for on earth thou art rich already. All this
was done, and Wills uncle went home, who, while he liued, for
that deed was allowed bayly of the common, which place was
worth twenty pound a yeere. 
<P 45>
   Howseuer, these three things it came in memory, and are for
mirth incerted into stage playes I know not, but that Will
Sommers asked them of the king, it is certaine: there are
some will affirme it now living at Greenwich. The king being
on a time extreame melancholy, and full of passion, all that
Will could doe will not make him merry. Ah! sayes hee, this
must haue, must haue a good showre to clense it; and with
that goes behinde the arras. Harry, saies hee, Ile foe behind
the arras, and study three questions, and come againe; see,
therefore, you lay aside this melancloly muse, and study to
answere me. I, quoth the king: they will be wise ones, no
doubt. At last out comes William with his wit, as the foole
of the play does, with an anticke looke to please the           #
beholders.
Harry, sayes hee, what is it, that the lesser it is, the more   #
it is
to be feared? The king mused at it; but, to grace the jest
better, he answered, he knew not. Will answered, it was a
little bridge ouer a deepe riuer; at which hee smyled.
   What is the next, William? sayes the king. Marry, this is
the next: what is the cleanliest trade in the world? Marry,
sayes the king, I think a comfit-maker, for hee deales with     #
nothing
but pure ware, and is attired cleane in white linen when hee
sels it. No, Harry, sayes [{he to{] the king; you are wide.     #
What
say you, then? quoth the king. Marry, sayes Will, I say a       #
durtdauber.
Out on it, says the king, that is the foulest, for hee is
durty up to the elbows. I, sayes Will; but then he washes
him cleane againe, and eats his meate cleanly enough. I
promise thee, Will, saies the king, thou hast a pretty foolish
wit. I, Harry, saies he, it will serue to make a wiser man
than you a foole, methinks. At this the king laught, and        #
demaunds
the third question. Now, tell me, saies Will, if you
can, what it is that, being borne without life, head, lippe, or
eye, yet doth runne roaring through the world till it dye. This
is a wonder, quoth the king, and no question; I know it not.
Why, quoth Will, it is a fart. At this the king laught hartely,
and was exceeding merry, and bids Will aske any reasinable
<P 46>
thing, and he would graunt it. Thanks, Harry, saies he; now
against I want, I know where to find it, for yet I neede        #
nothing,
but one day I shall, for euery man sees his latter end,
but knows not his beginning. The king understoode his meaning,
and so pleasantly departed for that season, and Will laid
him downe among the spaniels to sleepe.
   Of a time appointed the king dined at Windsor, in the
chappel yard at Cardinall Wolsey's, at the same time when he
was building that admirable worke of his tombe: at whose gate
stoode a number of poore people, to be serued with alms when
dinner was done within; and, as Will passed by, they saluted
him, taking him for a worthy personage, which pleased him.
   In he comes, and finding the king at dinner, and the         #
cardinall
by attending, to disgrace him that he neuer loued, Harry,
sayes hee, lend me ten pound. What to doe? saies the king.
To pay three or foure of the cardinall's creditors, quoth hee,
to whom my word is past, and they are come now for the
money. That thou shalt, Will, quoth hee. Creditors of
mine? saies the cardinall: Ile give your grace my head if any
man can justly aske me a penny. No! saies Will. Lend me
ten pounds; if I pay it not where thou owest it, Ile give thee
twenty for it. Doe so, saies the king. That I will, my liege,
saies the cardinall, though I know I owe none. With that he
lends Will ten pounds. Will goes to the gate, distributes it
to the poore, and brought the empty bag. There is thy bag
againe, saies hee: thy creditors are satisfied, and my word     #
out
of danger.
   Who received? sayes the king; the brewer or the baker?
Neyther (Harry), sayes Will Sommers. But, cardinall, answere
me in one thing: to whom dost thou owe thy soule?
To God, quoth hee. To whom thy wealth? To the poore,
sayes hee. Take thy forfeit (Harry) sayes the foole; open
confession, open penance: his head is thine, for to the poore
at the gate I paid his debt, which hee yeelds is due: or if thy
stony heart will not yeeld it so, saue thy head by denying thy
<P 47>
word, and lend it mee: thou knowest I am poore, and haue
neyther wealth nor wit, and what thou lendest to the poore
God will pay thee ten fold; he is my surety - arrest him - for,
by my troth, hang mee when I pay thee. The king laught at
the jest, and so did the cardinall for a shew, but it grieved   #
him
to jest away ten pound so: yet worse tricks then this Will
Sommers serued him after, for indeede hee could neuer abide
him, and the forfeiture of his head had liked to haue beene
payed, had hee not poysoned himselfe.
   There was in the time of Will Sommers another artificiall
foole, or jester, in the court, whose subtiltie heapt up wealth
by gifts giuen him, for which Will Sommers could neuer abide
him; but, indeede, lightly one foole cannot indure the sight of
another, as Jack Oates, the minstrell, in the fat foole's       #
story,
and one beggar is woe that another by the doore should goe.
This jester was a big man, of a great voyce, long black locks,
and a verry big, round beard. On a time, of purpose, Will
Sommers watcht to disgrace him, when he was jugling and
jesting before the king. Will Sommers brings up a messe of
milke and a manchet: Harry, saies hee, lend me a spoone.
Foole, saies the jester, use thy hands, helpe hands, for I haue
no lands, and meant, that saying would warrant his grose        #
feeding. 
I, saies Will Sommers, beasts will doe so, and beasts will
bid others doe as they doe themselves. Will, said the king,
thou knowest I haue none. True Harry, saies hee, I know
that, therefore I askt thee; and I would (but for doing thee
harme) thou hadst no tongue to grant that foole his next sute;
but I must eate my creame some way. The king, the jester,
and all gathers about him to see him eate it. Will begins thus
to rime ouer his milk:
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 48>
Meaning the foole, in whose beard and head the bread and
milk was thicke sowne, and his eyes almost put out. Will
Sommers hee gets him gone for feare. This lusty jester,         #
forgetting
himself, in fury draws his dagger, and begings to protest.
Nay; saies the king, are ye so hote? claps him fast, and,
though hee draws his dagger here, makes him put it up in        #
another
place. The poore abused jester was jested out of countenance,
and lay in durance a great while, till Will Sommers
was faine, after he broke his head, to giue him a plaister, to
get him out againe. But neuer after came my jugler in the 
court moore so neere the king, being such a dangerous man to 
draw in the presence of the king. 



<B CEFICT2B>
<Q E2 NI FICT DELONEY>
<N JACK OF NEWBURY>
<A DELONEY THOMAS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^DELONEY, THOMAS.
TEXT:  JACK OF NEWBURY (1619).
THE NOVELS OF THOMAS DELONEY.
ED. M. E. LAWLIS.
BLOOMINGTON: INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1961.
PP. 69.1 - 87.7^]

<P 69>
[}CHAPTER VIII.}]

[}HOW IACK OF NEWBERY KEEPING A VERY GOOD HOUSE, BOTH FOR 
HIS SERUANTS AND RELIEFE OF THE POORE, WON GREAT CREDIT 
THERBY, AND HOW ONE OF HIS WIUES GOSSIPS FOUND FAULT
THERWITH.}]

   Good morrow Gossip, now by my truely I am glad to see you
in health. I pray you how dooth Maister (^Winchcombe^) ? What
neuer a great belly yet? now fie, by my fa your husband is      #
waxt idle. 
   Trust mee Gossip, saith mistresse (^Winchcombe^) , a great   #
belly 
comes sooner then a new coate, but you must consider wee haue
not beene long married: but truly gossip you are welcome, I     #
pray
you sit down and we will haue a morsell of something by and by.
   Nay truely Gossip I cannot stay quoth she, indeede I must be
gone: for I did but euen step in to see how you did.
   You shall not chuse but stay a while quoth mistris           #
(^Winchcombe^) ,
and with that a fayre Napken was layd vpon the little Table in
the Parlour, hard by the fire side, whereon was set a fine cold
Capon, with a great deale of other good cheare, with Ale and    #
Wine
plentie.
   I pray you Gossip eate, and I beshrew you if you spare quoth
the one.
   I thanke you heartily Gossip saith the other. But hear you
Gossip, I pray you tell mee: doth your husband loue you well,   #
and
make much of you?
   Yes truly I thanke God quoth shee.
   Now by my truth sayd the other, it were a shame for him if   #
hee
should not: for though I say it before your face, though he had
little with you, yet you were worthy to bee as good a mans wife
as his.
   Trust me I would not change my (^Iohn^) for my Lord          #
Marquesse,
quoth she: a woman can be but well, for I liue at hearts ease,  #
and
haue all things at will, and truly hee will not see mee lacke   #
any
thing.
<P 70>
   Gods blessing on his heart quoth her Gossip, it is a good    #
hearing:
but I pray you tell mee, I heard say your husband is chosen for
our Burgesse in the Parliament house, is it true?
   Yes verily quoth his wife. I wis it is against his will;     #
for it will
be no small charges vnto him.
   Tush woman, what talke you of that? thankes be to God,       #
there is
neuer a Gentleman in all (^Barkshire^) that is better able to   #
beare it. 
But heare you Gossip, shall I bee so bold to aske you one       #
question
more?
   Yes, withall my heart quoth shee.
   I heard say that your husband would now put you in your      #
hood,
and silke gowne, I pray you is it true?
   Yes in truth, quoth mistresse (^Winchcomb^) , but farre      #
against my
mind, Gossip: my french hood is bought already, and my silke
gowne is a making, likewise the Goldsmith hath brought home
my chayne and bracelets: but I assure you Gossip, if you will   #
beleeue
mee, I had rather go an hundred miles then weare them, for
I shall be so ashamed that I shall not looke vpon any of my
neighbors for blushing.
   And why I pray you? quoth her Gossip. I tell you deare       #
woman,
you need not be any thing abashed or blush at the matter,       #
especially
seeing your husbands estate is able to maintaine it: now
trust me truly, I am of opinion you will become it singular     #
well.
   Alas quoth mistresse (^Winchcombe^) , hauing neuer beene     #
vsed to
such attyre, I shall not know where I am, nor how to behaue my
selfe in it: and beside, my complexion is so blacke, that I     #
shall
carry but an ill fauoured countenance vnder a hood.
   Now without doubt (quoth her Gossip) you are to blame to say
so: beshrew my heart if I speake it to flatter; you are a very  #
faire
and well fauored young woman as any is in (^Newbery^) . And     #
neuer
feare your behauiour in your hood: for I tel you true, as old   #
and
withered as I am my selfe, I could become a hood well enough,
and behaue my selfe as well in such attyre as any other         #
whatsoeuer,
and I would not learne of neuer a one of them all: what
woman, I haue beene a prety wench in my dayes, and seene some
fashions. Therefore you need not feare, seeing both your beauty
and comely personage deserues no lesse then a french hood, and 
bee good comfort. At the first (possible) folkes will gaze      #
something
<P 71>
at you: but bee not you abashed for that, it is better they
should wonder at your good fortune, then lament at your         #
miserie:
but when they haue seene you two or three times in that attyre
they will afterward little respect it: for euery new thing at   #
the first
seemes rare, but being once a little vsed, it growes common.
   Surely gossip you say true, (quoth shee) and I am but a      #
foole to
bee bashfull: it is no shame to vse Gods gifts for our          #
credites:
and well might my husband thinke me vnworthy to haue them,
if I would not weare them: and though I say it, my hood is a 
fayre one, as any woman weares in this countrey, and my gold 
chaine and bracelets are none of the worst sort, and I will     #
shew
them you, because you shall giue your opinion vpon them: and
therewithall shee stept into her chamber and fetcht them        #
foorth.
   When her Gossip saw them, she sayd: Now beshrew my fingers
but these are fayre ones indeede. And when doe you meane to
weare them Gossip?
   At Whitsontide (quoth shee) if God spare mee life.
   I wish that well you may weare them, sayd her Gossip, and I
would I were worthie to bee with you when you dresse your       #
selfe,
it should bee neuer the worse for you: I would order the        #
matter 
so, that you should set euery thing about you in such sort as
neuer a Gentlewoman of them all should staine you.
   Mistresse (^Winchcombe^) gaue her great thankes for her      #
fauour,
saying, that if she needed her helpe, she would be bold to send
for her.
   Then beganne her gossip to turne her tongue to another tune,
and now to blame her for her great house keeping. And thus she
beganne: Gossip, you are but a young woman, and one that hath 
had no great experience of the World, in my opinion you are     #
something
too lauish in expences: pardon me good gossip, I speake but
for good will; and because I loue you, I am the more bolde to
admonish you: I tell you plain, were I the Mistresse of such a  #
house,
hauing such large allowance as you haue, I would saue 20.       #
pound 
a yeare that you spend to no purpose.
   Which way might that be (quoth mistres (^Winchcombe^) ?)     #
indeed
I confesse I am but a greene housewife, and one that hath but   #
small
tryall in the world, therefore I should bee verie glad to       #
learne any
thing that were for my husbands profite, and my commoditie.
   Then listen to mee quoth shee: You feede poor folkes with    #
the
best of the beefe, and finest of the wheate, which in my        #
opinion
<P 72>
is a great ouersight: neither do I heare of any Knight in this
countrey that doth it. And to say the truth, how were they      #
able to
beare that port which they doe, if they saued it not by some
meanes? Come thither, and I warrant you that you shall see but
browne bread on the boord: if it be wheate and rie mingled      #
together,
it is a great matter, and the bread highly commended:
but most commonly they eate either barlybread, or rie mingled
with pease, and such like course graine: which is doubtlesse,   #
but
of small price, and there is no other bread allowed, except at  #
their
owne boord. And in like manner for their meate: it is well      #
knowne
that neckes and poynts of beefe is their ordinarie fare: which  #
because
it is commonly leane, they seeth therewith now and then a 
peece of bacon or porke, whereby they make their pottage fat,   #
and
therewith driues out the rest with more content. And thus must  #
you
learne to doe. And besides that, the midriffes of the Oxen,     #
and the
cheekes, the sheepes heads, and the gathers, which you giue     #
away 
at your gate, might serue them well enough: which would be a 
great sparing to your other meat, and by this meanes you would
saue in the yeare much mony, whereby you might the better       #
maintaine
your hood and silke gowne. Againe, you serue your folkes
with such superfluities, that they spoyle in manner as much as  #
they
eate: beleeue me were I their Dame, they should haue things     #
more
sparingly, and then they would thinke it more daintie. 
   Trust mee gossip (quoth Mistresse (^Winchcombe^) ) I know    #
your
wordes in many things to bee true: for my folkes are so corne   #
fed,
that wee haue much adoe to please them in their dyet: one doth
say this is too salt: and another saith this is too grosse,     #
this is too
fresh, and that too fat, and twentie faults they will finde at  #
their
meales: I warrant you they make such parings of their cheese,   #
and
keepe such chipping of their bread, that their very ortes       #
would serue
two or three honest folkes to their dinner.
   And from whence I pray you proceedes that (quoth her Gossip)
but of too much plentie? but yfaith were they my seruants, I    #
would
make them glad of the worst crumme they cast away, and          #
thereupon
I drinke to you, and I thanke you for my good cheere with all
my heart.
   Much good may it doe you good gossip, sayd mistress          #
(^Winchcomb^) :
and I pray you when you come this way let vs see you.
   That you shall verily quoth she, and so away she went.
   After this, mistresse (^Winchcomb^) tooke occasion to giue   #
her folks
<P 73>
shorter commons, and courser meate then they were wont to haue:
which at length being come to the good mans eare, hee was very
much offended therewith, saying: I will not haue my people thus
pincht of their victuals. Emptie platters make greedy           #
stomackes,
and where scarcitie is kept, hunger is nourished: and           #
therefore wife
as you loue mee let me haue no more of this doings.
   Husband (quoth she) I would they should haue enough: but it
is a sinne to suffer, and a shame to see the spoyle they make:  #
I
could bee verie well content to giue them their bellyes full,   #
and
that is sufficient, but it grieues me, to tell you true, to see
how coy they are, and the small care they haue in wasting of
things: and I assure you, the whole towne cryes shame of it,    #
and
it hath bred me no small discredit for looking no better to it.
Trust me no more, if I was not checkt in my owne house, about
this matter, when my eares did burne to heare what was spoken.
   Who was it that checkt thee, I pray thee tell mee? was it    #
not
your old gossip, dame dayntie, mistresse trip and go? I         #
beleeue it
was.
   Why man if it were she, you know shee hath beene an old      #
housekeeper,
and one that hath known the world; and that shee told
mee was for good will.
   Wife (quoth hee), I would not haue thee to meddle with such
light braind huswiues, and so I haue told thee a good many      #
times,
and yet I cannot get you to leaue her company.
   Leaue her company? why husband so long as she is an honest 
woman, why should I leaue her company? Shee neuer gaue mee
hurtfull counsell in all her life, but hath alwayes been ready  #
to
tell me things for my profit, though you take it not so. Leaue  #
her 
company? I am no gyrle I would you should well know, to bee
taught what company I should keepe: I keepe none but honest
company I warrant you. Leaue her company ketha? Alas poore
soule, this reward she hath for her good will. I wis I wis,     #
she is
more your friend, then you are your owne.
   Well let her be what she will sayd her husband: but if shee
come any more in my house, shee were as good no. And therefore
take this for a warning I would aduise you: and so away he      #
went.
<P 74>
[}CHAPTER IX.}]

[}HOW A DRAPER IN LONDON, WHO OWED IACKE OF NEWBERRY
MUCH MONEY BECAME BANKROUT, WHOM IACK OF NEWBERY
FOUND CARRYING A PORTERS BASKET ON HIS NECK, AND HOW
HE SET HIM VP AGAIN AT HIS OWNE COST, WHICH DRAPER
AFTERWARD BECAME AN ALDERMAN OF LONDON.}]

   There was one (^Randoll Pert^) a Draper, dwelling in         #
(^Watling
streete^) , that owed (^Iacke^) of (^Newbery^) fiue hundred     #
pounds at
one time, who in the ende fell greatly to decay, in so much     #
that hee
was cast in prison, and his wife with her poore children        #
turned out
of doores. Al his creditors except (^Winchcomb^) had a share of #
his
goods, neuer releasing him out of prison, so long as he had one
penny to satisfie them. But when his tidings was brought to     #
(^Iack^)
of (^Newberies^) eare, his friends counselled him to lay his    #
action
against him. 
   Nay (quoth he) if he be not able to pay me when hee is at
libertie, hee will neuer be able to pay me in prison: and       #
therfore
it were as good for me to forbear my mony with out troubling    #
him,
as to adde more sorrow to his grieued hart, and be neuer the
neerer. Misery is troden downe by many, and once brought low
they are seldome or neuer relieued: therfore he shall rest for  #
me
vntoucht, and I would to God he were cleare of all other mens   #
debts,
so that I gaue him mine to begin the world again.
   Thus lay the poore Draper a long time in prison, in which    #
space
his Wife which before for dayntinesse would foule her fingers,
nor turne her head aside, for feare of hurting the set of her   #
neckenger,
was glad to goe about and wash buckes at the Thames side,
and to bee a chare-Woman in rich mens houses, her soft hand was
now hardened with scowring, and in steade of gold rings vpon    #
her
lillie fingers, they were now fild with chaps, prouoked by the  #
sharpe
lee and other drudgeries.
   At last, master (^Winchcombe^) being (as you heard) chosen   #
against
the Parliament a Burgesse for the towne of (^Newbery^) , and    #
comming
<P 75>
vp to (^London^) for the same purpose, when hee was alighted    #
at his
Inne, hee left one of his man there, to get a Porter to bring   #
his
trunke vp to the place of his lodging. Poore (^Randoll          #
Pert^) , which
lately before was come out of prison, hauing no other meanes of
maintenance, became a Porter to carry burthens from one place 
to another, hauing an old ragged doublet, and a torne payre of
breeches, with his hose out at the heeles, and a paire of olde  #
broken
slip shooes on his feet, a rope about his middle instead of a   #
girdle,
and on his head an old greasie cap, which had so many holes     #
in it,
that his haire started through it: who assoone as hee heard     #
one call
for a Porter, made answere straight: here Master, what is it    #
that
you would haue caryed?
   Mary (quoth hee) I would haue this Trunke borne to the       #
spread 
Eagle at Iuiebridge.
   You shall master (quoth hee) but what will you giue me for   #
my
paines?
   I will giue thee two pence.
   A penny more and I will carry it, sayd the Porter: and so    #
being
agreed, away he went with his burthen till he came to the       #
spread
Eagle doore, where on a sudden espying Master (^Winchcombe^)
standing, hee cast downe the Trunke and run away as hard as     #
euer
hee could.
   Master (^Winchcombe^) wondring what hee meant thereby,       #
caused
his man to runne after him, and to fetch him againe: but when
he saw one pursue him, he ranne then the faster, and in         #
running,
here he lost one of his slip shooes, and there another: euer    #
looking
behinde him, like a man pursued with a deadly weapon, fearing
euery twinkling of an eye to bee thrust thorow. At last his     #
breech,
being tyed but with one poynt, what with the haste he made, and
the weakenesse of the thong, fell about his heeles: which so    #
shackled
him, that downe hee fell in the streete all along, sweating and
blowing, being quite worne out of breath: and so by this meanes
the Seruing man ouertooke him, and taking him by the sleeue,    #
being
as windlesse as the other, stood blowing and puffing a great    #
while
ere they could speake one to another.
   Sirra, quoth the Seruingman, you must come to my maister,    #
you
haue broken his Trunke all to peeces, by letting it fall.
   O for Gods sake (quoth he) let me go, for Christs sake let   #
me goe,
or else Master (^Winchcombe^) of (^Newbery^) will arrest me,    #
and then I 
am vndone for euer.
<P 76>
   Now by this time (^Iack^) of (^Newbery^) had caused his      #
Trunke to be
carryed into the house, and then he walked along to know what
the matter was: but when he heard the Porter say that he would
arrest him, he wondred greatly and hauing quite forgot          #
(^Perts^)
fauour, being so greatly changed by imprisonment and pouertie,
he said, Wherefore should I arrest thee? tell me good fellow:   #
for
mine owne part I know no reason for it.
   O Sir (quoth he) I would to God I knew none neither.
   Then asking him what his name was: the poore man falling
downe on his knees, sayd: Good Maister (^Winchcombe^) beare     #
with
me and cast me not into prison: my name is (^Pert^) , and I do  #
not
deny but I owe you fiue hundred pound: yet for the loue of God
take pittie vpon mee.
   When Maister (^Winchcombe^) heard this, hee wondred greatly  #
at
the man, and did as much pittie his miserie, though as yet hee
made it not knowne, saying: Passion of my heart man, thou wilt
neuer pay mee thus: neuer thinke being a Porter to pay fiue     #
hundred
pound dept. But this hath your prodigalitie brought you to,
your thriftlesse neglecting of your busines, that set more by   #
your
pleasure than your profite. Then looking better vpon him, he    #
said:
What neuer a shoo to thy foot, hose to thy legge, band to thy
necke, nor cap to thy head? O (^Pert^) this is strange; but     #
wilt thou
be an honest man, and giue me a bill of thy hand for my mony?
   Yes sir, with all my heart, quoth (^Pert^) .
   Then came to the Scriueners (quoth he) and dispatch it, and  #
I
will not trouble thee.
   Now when they were come thither, with a great many following
them at their heeles, master (^Winchcomb^) said: Hearest thou   #
Scriuener?
this fellow must giue mee a bill of his hand for fiue hundred
pounds, I pray thee make it as it should bee.
   The Scriuener looking vpon the poore man, and seeing him in
that case, said to master (^Winchcombe^) : Sir, you were        #
better to let
it bee a Bond, and haue some sureties bound with him.
   Why Scriuener (quoth hee) doest thou thinke this is not a    #
sufficient
man of himselfe for fiue hundred pound?
   Truly Sir (sayd the Scriuener) if you thinke him so, you     #
and I
am of two minds.
   Ile tell thee what (quoth master (^Winchcombe^) ) were it    #
not that
we are all mortall, I would take his word assoone as his Bill   #
or
Bond; the honystie of a man is all.
<P 77>
   And wee in (^London^) (quoth the Scriuener) doe trust Bonds  #
farre
better then honestie. But Sir when must this money bee payd?
   Marry Scriuener when this man is Sheriffe of (^London^) .
   At that word the Scriuener and the people standing by        #
laughed
heartily, saying: In truth Sir make no more adoe but forgiue it
him: as good to doe the one as the other.
   Nay beleeue mee (quoth hee) not so: therefore do as I bid    #
you.
   Whereupon the Scriuener made the Bill to be payd when        #
(^Randoll
Pert^) was Sheriffe of (^London^) , and thereunto set his owne  #
hand
for a witnesse, and twentie persons more that stoode by set     #
their
handes likewise. Then hee asked (^Pert^) what hee should haue   #
for
carrying his trunk.
   Sir (quoth hee) I should haue three pence, but seeing I      #
finde you
so kinde, I will take but two pence at this time.
   Thanks good (^Pert^) quoth he, but for thy three pence,      #
there is
three shillings: and looke thou come to mee to morrow morning
betimes.
   The poore man did so, at what time Master (^Winchcombe^) had
prouided him out of Birchin lane, a faire sute of apparell,     #
Marchantlike,
with a faire blacke cloake, and all other thinges fit to
the same: then he tooke him a shop in (^Canweeke^) streete,     #
and furnisht
the same shop with a thousand pounds worth of cloath: by
which meanes, and other fauours that master (^Winchcombe^) did
him, hee grew againe into great credite, and in the end became
so wealthy, that while maister (^Winchcombe^) liued hee was     #
chosen
Sheriffe, at what time he payed fiue hundred pounds euery       #
pennie,
and after dyed an Alderman of the Citie.
<P 78>
[}CHAPTER X.}]

[}HOW IACK OF NEWBERIES SERUANTS WERE REUENGED OF THEIR
DAMES TATTLING GOSSIP.}] 

   Vpon a time it came to passe, when Master (^Winchcombe^) was
farre from home, and his Wife gone abroad: That Mistris
many-better, dame tittle-tattle, gossip pinte-pot, according    #
to her
old custome came to Mistris (^Winchcombes^) house, perfectly    #
knowing 
of the good mans absence, and little thinking the good wife
was from home: where knocking at the gate, (^Tweedle^) stept    #
out and
askt who was there? where hastily opening the wicket, he        #
sodainly
discouered the full proportion of this foule beast, who         #
demanded
if their Mistris were within.
   What, mistris (^Franke^) (quoth he) in faith welcome: how    #
haue
you done a great while? I pray you come in.
   Nay, cannot stay quoth shee: Notwithstanding, I did call to
speake a word or two with your Mistris, I pray you tell her     #
that
I am heere.
   So I will (quoth he) so soone as shee comes in.
   Then said the woman, what is shee abroad? Why then farewell
good (^Tweedle^) .
   Why what haste, what haste, mistris (^Frank^) (quoth he) I   #
pray you
stay and drinke ere you goe, I hope a cup of newe Sacke will    #
doe
your old belly no hurt.
   What (quoth shee) haue you new sacke alreadie? Now by my
honestie I drunke none this yeare, and therefore I do not       #
greatly
care if I take a taste before I go: and with that shee went     #
into the
wine cellar with (^Tweedle^) , where first hee set before her   #
a piece of
poudred biefe as greene as a leeke: And then going into the     #
kitchen,
he brought her a piece of rosted beefe hot from the spit.
   Now certaine of the Maidens of the house and some of the
young men, who had long before determined to bee reuenged of
this pratling huswife: came into the Cellar one after another,  #
one
of them bringing a great piece of a gambon of Bacon in his      #
hand:
<P 79>
and euerie one bad mistresse (^Franke^) welcome: and the first  #
one dranke
to her, and then another, and so the third, the fourth, and the
fift: so that Mistresse (^Franks^) braines waxt as mellow as a  #
pippin
at Michaelmas, and so light, that sitting in the Cellar she     #
thought
the world ran round. They seeing her to fall into merry humors,
whetted her on in merriment as much as they could, saying:      #
mistresse
(^Frank^) , spare not I pray you, but thinke your selfe as      #
welcome
as any woman in (^Newberie^) , for we haue cause to loue you,
because you loue our mistris so well.
   Now assure you quoth shee (lisping in her speech) her tongue
waxing somwhat too big for her mouth, I loue your mistresse     #
well
indeed, as if she were my owne daughter.
   Nay but hear you quoth they, she begins not to deal well     #
with
vs now.
   No my Lamb quoth shee, why not?
   Because quoth they, she seekes to bar vs of our allowance,   #
telling
our Master that hee spends too much in housekeeping.
   Nay then (quoth she) your mistresse is an Asse, and a        #
foole: and
though she goe in her hood, what care I? she is but a girle to  #
mee:
twittle twattle, I know what I know: Go to, drinke to mee. Wel
(^Tweedle^) , I drinke to thee with all my hart: why thou       #
whoreson
when wilt thou be maried? O that I were a young wench for thy
sake: but tis no mater though I be but a poore woman, I am a    #
true
woman. Hang dogs, I haue dwelt in this Towne these thirtie
winters.
   Why then quoth they, you haue dwelt here longer than our
Maister.
   Your Master, quoth shee? I knew your Master a boy, when he
was called (^Iacke^) of (^Newbery^) ; I (^Iacke^) , I knew him  #
called plaine
(^Iack^) : and your Mistresse, now she is rich and I am poor,   #
but tis
no matter, I knew her a draggle tayle girle, marke yee?
   But now quoth they, she takes vpon her lustily, and hath     #
forgot
what shee was.
   Tush, what will you haue of a greene thing quoth shee. Heere
I drink to you, so long as she goes where she list a            #
gossipping: and
tis no matter, little said is soone amended: but heare you my   #
maisters,
though mistresse (^Winchcomb^) goe in her hood, I am as good
as shee, I care not who tell it her: I spend not my husbands    #
money
<P 80>
in cherries and codlings, go to, go to, I know what I say well
enough: I am sure I am not drunk: mistresse (^Winchcomb^) ,     #
mistresse?
No, (^Nan Winchcombe^) , I will call her name, plain (^Nan^) :
what, I was a woman, when she was se-reuerence a paltrie girle,
though now she goes in her hood and chaine of gold: what care I
for her? I am her elder, and I know more of her tricks: nay I
warrant you I know what I say, tis no matter, laugh at me and
spare not. I am not drunke I warrant: and with that being scant
able to hold open her eyes, shee began to nodde and to spill    #
the
wine out of the glasse: which they perceiuing let her alone,    #
going
out of the cellar till shee was sound asleepe, and in the meane
space they deuised how to finish this peece of knauery. At      #
last they
consented to laie her forth at the backside of the house,       #
halfe a
mile off, euen at the foote of a stile, that whosoeuer came     #
next ouer
might finde her: notwithstanding, (^Tweedle^) stayed hard by    #
to see
the end of this action. 
   At last comes a notable clowne from (^Greenham^) , taking    #
his way
to (^Newbery^) , who comming hastily ouer the stile stumbled    #
at the
Woman, and fell down cleane ouer her: but in the starting vp,
seeing it was a woman, cryed out, alas, alas.
   How now, what is the matter quoth (^Tweedle^) ?
   O quoth hee here lies a dead woman.
   A dead woman quoth (^Tweedle^) : thats not so I trow, and    #
with
that hee tumbled her about: bones of mee quoth (^Tweedle^) ,    #
its a
drunken Woman, and one of the Towne vndoubtedly: surelie it is
great pittie shee should lie heere.
   Why? do you know her quoth the Clowne?
   No not I, quoth (^Tweedle^) : neuerthelesse, I will giue     #
thee halfe a
groat and take her in thy Basket, and carry her throughout the
Towne and see if any body know her.
   Then said th'other, let me see the money and I will: For by  #
the
Masse che earnd not halfe a groat this great while.
   There it is quoth (^Tweedle^) .
   Then the fellow put her in his basket, and so lifted her     #
vpon
his back. Now by the masse shee stinkes vilely of drinke or     #
wine,
or some thing: but tell mee, what shall I say, when I come into
the towne, quoth hee?
   First quoth (^Tweedle^) , I would haue thee so soone as      #
euer thou
canst go to the townes end, with a lustie voice, to crie O      #
yes; and
then say, who knowes this woman, who? And though possible
<P 81>
some will say, I know her, and I know her, yet do not thou set 
her downe till thou comest to the market Crosse, and there vse  #
the
like words: and if any bee so friendly, to tell thee where      #
shee dwels,
then iust before her doore crie so againe: and if thou performe
this brauely, I will giue thee halfe a groat more.
   Maister (^Tweedle^) (quoth he) I know you well enough, you   #
dwell
with Maister (^Winchcomb^) , do you not? Well, if I do it not   #
in the
nick, giue mee neuer a pennie: And so away hee went till hee    #
came
to the Townes end, and there hee cryes out as boldly as anie    #
Baylifes
man, O yes, who knowes this woman, who?
   Then said the drunken woman in the Basket, her head falling
first on one side, and then on the other side, Who co mee, who?
   Then said hee againe, Who knowes this woman, who?
   Who co mee, who (quoth shee) and looke how oft hee spake the
one, she spake the other: saying still Who co mee, who co mee,  #
who?
Whereat all the people in the streete fell into such a          #
laughing, that
the teares ran downe againe.
   At last one made answer, saying: goodfellow she dwels in the
North brooke street, a little beyond master (^Winchcombes^) .
   The fellow hearing that, goes downe thither in all haste,    #
and
there in the hearing of a hundred people, cries: Who knowes     #
this
woman, who? whereat her husband comes out, saying: Marrie that
doe I too well God helpe mee.
   Then sayd the Clowne, if you know her, take her: for I know
her not but for a drunken beast.
   And as her husband tooke her out of the Basket, shee gaue    #
him
a sound boxe on the eare, saying: What you Queanes, do you      #
mocke
mee, and so was caried in.
   But the next day, when her braines were quiet, and her head
cleared of these foggie vapours shee was so ashamed of her      #
selfe,
that shee went not forth of her doores a long time after: and   #
if
any body did say vnto her, Who co me who? She would bee so mad
and furious, that shee would bee ready to draw her knife and to
stick them, and scold as if she stroue for the best game at the
cucking stools. Moreouer, her prattling to Mistresse            #
(^Winchcombes^)
folks of their mistresse, made her on the other side to fall    #
out with
her, in such sort that shee troubled them no more, either with
her companie or her counsell.
<P 82>
[}CHAPTER XI.}]

[}HOW ONE OF IACK OF NEWBERIES MAYDENS BECAME A LADIE.}]

   At the winning of (^Morlesse^) in (^France^) , the noble     #
Earle of (^Surrey^)
beeing at that time Lord high Admirall of (^England^) , made
manie Knights: among the rest was Sir (^George Rigley^) ,       #
brother to
Sir (^Edward Rigley^) , and sundrie other, whose valours farre  #
surpassed
their wealth: so that when peace bred a scarcity in their
purses that their credits grew weak in the Citie, they were     #
inforced
to ride into the country, where at their friends houses they    #
might
haue fauourable welcome, without coyne or grudging. Among the
rest, (^Iacke^) of (^Newbery^) that kept a table for all        #
commers, was neuer
lightly without many such guests: where they were sure to haue
bold welcome and good cheere, and their mirth no lesse          #
pleasing
then their meat was plentie. Sir (^George^) hauing lyen long    #
at boord
in this braue yeomans house, at length fell in liking of one    #
of his
maidens, who was as faire as she was fond.
   This lustie wench hee so allured with the hope of marriage,  #
that at
length shee yeelded him her loue, and therwithall bent her      #
whole
studie to work his content: but in the end she so much          #
contented
him, that it wrought altogether her owne discontent: to become
high, she laid her selfe so low, that the Knight suddenly fell  #
ouer
her, which fall become the rising of her belly: but when this   #
wanton
perceiued her selfe to bee with child, shee made her moane
vnto the Knight, saying:
   Ah sir (^George^) , now is the time to perform your          #
promise, or to
make me a spectacle of infamy to the whole world for euer: in   #
the
one, you shall discharge the duty of a true Knight; but in the  #
other,
shew your selfe a most periured person: small honour will it    #
bee
to boast in the spoyle of poore maidens, whose innocencie all   #
good
Knights ought to defend.
   Why thou leud paltrie thing quoth hee: commest thou to       #
father
thy bastard vpon mee? A way ye dunghill carrion, awaie: heare
you good huswife, get you among your companions, and lay your
<P 83>
litter where you list, but if you trouble me any more, trust    #
mee
thou shalt dearely abie it: and so bending his browes like the  #
angry
god of warr, he went his waies leauing the child breeding wench
to the hazard of her fortune, either good or bad.
   The poore maiden seeing her selfe for her kindnesse thus     #
cast
off, shed many teares of sorrow for her sinne, inueighing with  #
manie
bitter groanes, against the vnconstancie of loue-alluring men.  #
And
in the end, when shee saw no other remedie, shee made her case
knowne vnto her mistresse: who after she had giuen her many
checkes and taunts, threatening to turne her out of doores,     #
shee
opened the matter to her husband.
   So soone as he heard thereof, he made no more to do, but     #
presently
poasted to (^London^) after Sir (^George^) , and found him at   #
my
Lord Admirals. What master (^Winchcombe^) (quoth hee) you are
heartily welcome to (^London^) , and I thank you for my good    #
cheere:
I pray you how doth your good wife, and all our friends in
(^Barkshire^) ?
   All well and merrie, I thank you good Sir (^George^) ,       #
quoth hee: I
left them in health, and hope they do so continue. And trust me
sir (quoth he) hauing earnest occasion to come vp to talke      #
with a
bad debter, in my iourney it was my chance to light in company  #
of
a gallant widow: a Gentlewoman shee is of wondrous good wealth,
whom grisly death hath bereft of a kinde husband, making her a 
Widow ere shee had been halfe a yeare a wife: her land, sir     #
(^George^) ,
is as well worth a hundred pound a yeare as one penny, being as
faire and comely a creature as any of her degree in our whole   #
countrey:
Now sir, this is the worst, by the reason that she doubtes her
selfe to bee with child, she hath vowed not to marrie these     #
xii.
moneths: but because I wish you well, and the Gentlewoman no
hurt: I came of purpose from my businesse to tell you thereof:
Now sir (^George^) , if you thinke her a fit wife for you,      #
ride to her,
woo her, winne her, and wed her.
   I thanke you good Maister (^Winchcombe^) (quoth he) for your
fauour euer toward mee: and gladly would I see this young Widow
if I wist where.
   Shee dwels not halfe a mile from my house quoth Maister      #
(^Winchcombe^) ,
and I can send for her at any time if you please.
<P 84>
   Sir (^George^) hearing this, thought it was not best to      #
come there,
fearing (^Ioane^) would father a child vpon him, and therefore  #
said,
hee had no leasure to come from my Lord: But quoth hee, would
I might see her in (^London^) , on the condition it cost me     #
twenty
nobles.
   Tush, sir (^George^) (quoth Maister (^Winchcombe^) ) delay   #
in loue is
dangerous, and hee that will woo a widow, must take time by the
forelocke, and suffer none other to stop before him, least hee  #
leape
with out the Widowes loue. Notwithstanding, seeing now I haue
toulde you of it, I will take my gelding and get me home, if I
heare of her comming to (^London^) I will send you word, or     #
perhaps
come my selfe: till when adieu good sir (^George^) .
   Thus parted Master (^Winchcombe^) from the knight: and being
come home, in short time hee got a faire Taffetie gowne, and a
french hood for his maide, saying: Come ye drab, I must be      #
faine
to couer a foule fault with a faire garment, yet all will not   #
hide
your great belly: but if I finde meanes to make you a Lady,     #
what
wilt thou say then?
   O Maister (quoth she) I shall be bound while I liue to pray  #
for
you.
   Come then minion (quoth her mistris) and put you on this     #
gown
and french hood: for seeing you haue lien with a Knight, you    #
must
needes bee a gentlewoman.
   The maid did so, and being thus attired, shee was set on a   #
faire
gelding, and a couple of men sent with her vp to (^London^) :   #
and being
well instructed by her maister and dame what shee should do,
shee tooke her iourney to the Cittie in the Terme time, and     #
lodged
at the Bell in the Strand: and mistresse (^Louelesse^) must be  #
her
name, for so her Master had warned her to call her selfe:       #
neither
did the men that waited on her, know the contrary, for Master
(^Winchcombe^) had borrowed them of their Maister, to wait      #
vpon a
frend of his to (^London^) , because he could not spare any of  #
his owne
seruants at that time: notwithstanding they were appointed,     #
for the
Gentlewomans credit, to say they were her owne men. This being
done, Master (^Winchcombe^) sent sir (^George^) a Letter, that  #
the Gentlewoman
which hee toulde him of, was now in (^London^) , lying at
the Bell in the Strand, hauing great busines at the Terme. 
<P 85>
   With which newes Sir (^Georges^) heart was on fire, till     #
such time
as he might speake with her: three or four times went hee       #
thither,
and still shee would not bee spoken withall: the which close    #
keeping
of her selfe, made him the more earnest in his sute.
   At length he watcht her so narrowly, that finding her going  #
forth
in an euening, hee followed her, shee hauing one man before,    #
and
another behinde: carrying a verie stately gate in the street,   #
it draue
him into greater liking of her, beeing the more vrged to vtter
his minde.
   And suddenly stepping before her, hee thus saluted her,      #
Gentlewoman
God saue you, I haue often beene at your lodging and could
neuer finde you at leisure.
   Why sir quoth shee (counterfeting her naturall speech) haue  #
you
any businesse with me? 
   Yes faire Widow quoth he, as you are a clyent to the law,    #
so am
I a sutor for your loue: and may I find you so fauorable to     #
let me
plead my owne case at the bar of your beautie, I doubt not but  #
to
vnfold so true a tale as I trust will cause you to giue         #
sentence on
my side.
   You are a merry Gentleman quoth shee: But my own part I
know you not: neuerthelesse, in a case of loue, I will bee no   #
let
to your sute, though perhaps I helpe you little therein. And    #
therefore
Sir, if it please you to giue attendance at my lodging, vpon
my returne from the Temple, you shall knowe more of my minde,
and so they parted.
   Sir (^George^) receiuing hereby som hope of good happe,      #
stayed
for his dear at her lodging doore: whom at her comming she
frendly greeted, saying: Surely Sir, your diligence is more     #
then the
profit you shall get thereby: but I pray you how shall I call   #
your
name?
   (^George Rigley^) (quoth hee) I am called, and for some      #
small
deserts I was knighted in (^France^) .
   Why then Sir (^George^) (quoth shee) I haue done you too     #
much
wrong to make you thus dance attendance on my worthlesse        #
person.
But let mee bee so bold to request you to tell mee, how you
came to know mee: for my owne part I cannot remember that euer
I saw you before.
   Mistris (^Louelesse^) (sayd Sir (^George^) ) I am well       #
acquainted with a 
<P 86>
good neighbour of yours, called Maister (^Winchcombe^) , who    #
is my
very good friend, and to say the truth you are commended vnto
mee by him.
   Truly sir (^George^) sayd shee, you are so much the better   #
welcome:
Neuerthelesse, I haue made a vowe not to loue any man for this
tweluemoneths space. And therefore Sir, till then I would wish
you to trouble your selfe no further in this matter till that   #
time
be expired: and then if I finde you bee not intangled to any    #
other,
and that by triall I finde out the truth of your loue, for      #
Master
(^Winchcombes^) sake your welcome shall bee as good as any      #
other
Gentlemans whatsoeuer.
   Sir (^George^) hauing receiued this answere was wonderous    #
woe,
cursing the day that euer he meddled with (^Ioane^) whose time  #
of
deliuerance would come long before a tweluemoneth were expired,
to his vtter shame, and ouerthrowe of his good fortune: for by  #
that
meanes should hee haue maister (^Winchcombe^) his enemie, and
therewithall the losse of this faire Gentlewoman. Wherefore to  #
preuent
this mischiefe he sent a Letter in all haste to maister         #
(^Winchcombe^) ,
requesting him most earnestly to come vp to (^London^) , by
whose perswasion hee hoped straight to finish the marriage.     #
Maister
(^Winchcomb^) fulfilled his request, and then presently was     #
the marriage
solemnized at the Tower of (^London^) , in presence of many
gentlemen of Sir (^Georges^) friends. But when hee found it     #
was (^Ione^)
whome hee had gotten with child, hee fretted and fumed, stampt,
and star'd like a diuell.
   Why (quoth M. (^Winchcomb^) ) what needs all this? Came you  #
to
my table to make my maid your strumpet? had you no mans house
to dishonor but mine? Sir, I would you should well know, that I
account the poorest wench in my house too good to be your       #
whore,
were you ten knights: and seeing you tooke pleasure in making
her your wanton, take it no scorne to make her your wife: and   #
vse
her well too, or you shall heare of it. And hould thee          #
(^Ione^) (quoth
he) there is a hundred pounds for thee: And let him not say     #
thou
comst to him a begger.
   Sir (^George^) seeing this, and withall casting in his minde #
what
friend Maister (^Winchcombe^) might bee to him, taking his      #
wife by
the hand gaue her a louing kisse, and Master (^Winchcombe^)     #
great
thankes. Whereupon hee willed him for two yeres space to take   #
his 
diet and his Ladies at his house: which the Knight accepting    #
rode
<P 87>
straight with his wife to (^Newbery^) . Then did the Mistris    #
make
curtsie to the Maid, saying: you are welcome Madam, giuing her
the vpper hand in all places. And thus they liued afterward
in great ioy: and our King, hearing how (^Iacke^) had matcht
Sir (^George^) , laughing heartily thereat, gaue him a liuing
for euer, the better to maintain my Lady his Wife.
(\FINIS.\)



<B CEPLAY2A>
<Q E2 XX COME SHAKESP>
<N MERRY WIVES>
<A SHAKESPEARE WILLIAM>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DRAMA COMEDY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM.
TEXT:  THE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR.
MR. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARES COMEDIES,
HISTORIES, & TRAGEDIES.
A FACSIMILE EDITION PREPARED BY H. KOEKERITZ, 
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY C. T. PROUTY.
LONDON: GEOFFREY CUMBERLEGE AND OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS AND NEW HAVEN: YALE
UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1955.
PP. 43.C2.6  - 47.C2.8   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 54.C1.16 - 55.C2.32  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 43.C2>
[} (\ACTUS SECUNDUS. SCOENA PRIMA.\) }]

(^Enter Mistris^) Page, (^Mistris^) Ford, (^Master^) Page,      #
(^Master^)
Ford, Pistoll, Nim, Quickly, Host, Shallow.

(^Mist. Page.^) What, haue scap'd Loue-letters in the
holly day-time of my beauty, and am I now a subiect
for them? let me see?

(^Aske me no reason why I loue you, for though Loue vse Reason
for his precisian, hee admits him not for his Counsailour:
you are not yong, no more am I: goe to then, there's simpathie:
you are merry, so am I: ha, ha, then there's more simpathie:
you loue sacke, and so do I: would you desire better simpathie?
Let it suffice thee, (Mistris Page) at the least if the Loue of
Souldier can suffice, that I loue thee: I will not say pitty    #
mee,
'tis not a Souldier-like phrase; but I say, loue me:
By me, thine owne true Knight, by day or night:
Or any kinde of light, with all his might,
For thee to fight. Iohn Falstaffe.^)

What a (^Herod^) of (^Iurie^) is this? O wicked, wicked world:
One that is well-nye worne to peeces with age
To show himselfe a yong Gallant? What an vnwaled
Behauiour hath this Flemish drunkard pickt (with
The Deuills name) out of my conuersation, that he dares
In this manner assay me? why, hee hath not beene thrice
In my Company: what should I say to him? I was then
Frugall of my mirth: (heauen forgiue mee:) why Ile
Exhibit a Bill in the Parliament for the putting downe
of men: how shall I be reueng'd on him? for reueng'd I
will be? as sure as his guts are made of puddings.
(^Mis Ford.^) (^Mistris Page^) , trust me, I was going to your
house.
(^Mis Page.^) And trust me, I was comming to you: you
looke very ill.
(^Mis. Ford.^) Nay, Ile nere beleeue [^EDITION: beleeee^] that; #
I haue to shew
you to the contrary.
(^Mis. Page.^) 'Faith but you doe in my minde.
(^Mis. Ford.^) Well: I doe then: yet I say, I could shew
you to the contrary: O Mistris (^Page^) , giue mee some
counsaile.
(^Mis. Page.^) What's the matter, woman?
(^Mi. Ford.^) O woman: if it were not for one trifling respect,
I could come to such honour.
(^Mi. Page.^) Hang the trifle (woman) take the honour:
what is it? dispence with trifles: what is it?
(^Mi. Ford.^) If I would but goe to hell, for an eternall
moment, or so: I could be knighted.
(^Mi. Page.^) What thou liest? Sir (^Alice Ford^) ? these
Knights will hacke, and so thou should not alter the article
of thy Gentry.
(^Mi. Ford.^) Wee burne day-light: heere, read, read:
perceiue how I might bee knighted, I shall thinke the
worse of fat men, as long as I haue an eye to make difference
of mens liking: and yet hee would not sweare:
<P 44.C1>
praise womens modesty: and gaue such orderly and welbehaued 
reproofe to al vncomelinesse, that I would haue
sworne his disposition would haue gone to the truth of
his words: but they doe no more adhere and keep place
together, then the hundred Psalms to the tune of Greensleeues:
What tempest (I tro:) threw this Whale, (with
so many Tuns of oyle in his belly) a'shoare at Windsor?
How shall I bee reuenged on him? I thinke the best way
were, to entertaine him with hope, till the wicked fire
of lust haue melted him in his owne greace: Did you euer
heare the like? 
(^Mis. Page.^) Letter for letter; but that the name of
(^Page^) and (^Ford^) differs: to thy great comfort in this     #
mystery
of ill opinions, heere's the twyn-brother of thy Letter:
but let thine inherit first, for I protest mine neuer
shall: I warrant he hath a thousand of these Letters, writ
with blancke-space for different names (sure more): and
these are of the second edition: hee will print them out
of doubt: for he cares not what hee puts into the presse,
when he would put vs two: I had rather be a Giantesse,
and lye vnder Mount (^Pelion^) : Well; I will find you twentie
lasciuious Turtles ere one chaste man.
(^Mis. Ford.^) Why this is the very same: the very hand:
the very words: what doth he thinke of vs?
(^Mis. Page.^) Nay I know not: it makes me almost readie
to wrangle with mine owne honesty: Ile entertaine
my selfe like one that I am not acquainted withall: for
sure vnlesse hee know some straine in mee, that I know
not my selfe, hee would neuer haue boorded me in this
furie.
(^Mi. Ford.^) Boording, call you it? Ile bee sure to keepe
him aboue decke.
(^Mi. Page.^) So will I: if hee come vnder my hatches,
Ile neuer to Sea againe: Let's bee reueng'd on him: let's
appoint him a meeting: giue him a show of comfort in
his Suit, and lead him on with a fine baited delay, till hee
hath pawn'd his horses to mine Host of the Garter.
(^Mi. Ford.^) Nay, I wil consent to act any villany against
him, that may not sully the charinesse of our honesty: oh
that my husband saw this Letter: it would giue eternall
food to his iealousie.
(^Mis. Page.^) Why look where he comes; and my good
man too: hee's as farre from iealousie, as I am from giuing
him cause, and that (I hope) is an vnmeasurable
distance.
(^Mis. Ford.^) You are the happier woman.
(^Mis. Page.^) Let's consult together against this greasie
Knight: Come hither.
(^Ford.^) Well: I hope, it be not so.
(^Pist.^) Hope is a curtall-dog in some affaires:
Sir (^Iohn^) affects thy wife.
(^Ford.^) Why sir, my wife is not young.
(^Pist.^) He wooes both high and low, both rich & poor,
both yong and old, one with another ( (^Ford^) ) he loues the
Gally-mawfry ( (^Ford^) ) perpend.
(^Ford.^) Loue my wife?
(^Pist.^) With liuer, burning hot: preuent:
Or goe thou like Sir (^Acteon^) he, with
Ring-wood at thy heeles: O, odious is the name.
(^Ford.^) What name Sir?
(^Pist.^) The horne I say: Farewell:
Take heed, haue open eye, for theeues doe foot by night.
Take heed, ere sommer comes, or Cuckoo-birds do sing.
Away sir Corporall (^Nim^) :
Beleeue it ( (^Page^) ) he speakes sence.
(^Ford.^) I will be patient: I will find out this.
<P 44.C2>
(^Nim.^) And this is true: I like not the humor of lying:
Hee hath wronged mee in some humors: I should haue
borne the humour'd Letter to her: but I haue a sword:
and it shall bite vpon my necessitie: he loues your wife;
There's the short and the long: My name is Corporall
(^Nim^) : I speak, and I auouch; 'tis true: my name is          #
(^Nim^) :
and (^Falstaffe^) loues your wife: adieu, I loue not the humour
of bread and cheese: adieu.
(^Page.^) The humour of it (quoth'a?) heere's a fellow
frights English out of his wits.
(^Ford.^) I will seeke out (^Falstaffe^) .
(^Page.^) I neuer heard such a drawling-affecting rogue.
(^Ford.^) If I doe finde it: well.
(^Page.^) I will not beleeue such a (^Cataian^) , though the
Priest o' th'Towne commended him for a true man.
(^Ford.^) 'Twas a good sensible fellow: well.
(^Page.^) How now (^Meg^) ?
(^Mist. Page.^) Whether goe you ( (^George^) ?) harke you.
(^Mis Ford.^) How now (sweet (^Frank^) ) why art thou
melancholy?
(^Ford.^) I melancholy? I am not melancholy:
Get you home: goe.
(^Mis. Ford.^) Faith, thou hast some crochets in thy head,
Now: will you goe, (^Mistris Page^) ?
(^Mis. Page.^) Haue with you: you'll come to dinner
(^George^) ? Looke who comes yonder: shee shall bee our
Messenger to this paltrie Knight.
(^Mis. Ford.^) Trust me, I thought on her: shee'll fit it.
(^Mis. Page.^) You are come to see my daughter (^Anne^) ?
(^Qui.^) I forsooth: and I pray how do's good Mistresse
(^Anne^) ?
(^Mis. Page.^) Go in with vs and see: we haue an houres
talke with you.
(^Page.^) How now Master Ford?
(^For.^) You heard what this knaue told me, did you not?
(^Page.^) Yes, and you heard what the other told me?
(^Ford.^) Doe you thinke there is truth in them?
(^Pag.^) Hang 'em slaues: I doe not thinke the Knight
would offer it: But these that accuse him in his intent
towards our wiues, are a yoake of his discarded men: very
rogues, now they be out of seruice.
(^Ford.^) Were they his men?
(^Page.^) Marry were they.
(^Ford.^) I like it neuer the beter for that,
Do's he lye at the Garter?
(^Page.^) I marry do's he: if hee should intend this voyage
toward my wife, I would turne her loose to him;
and what hee gets more of her, then sharpe words, let it
lye on my head.
(^Ford.^) I doe not misdoubt my wife: but I would bee
loath to turne them together: a man may be too confident:
I would haue nothing lye on my head: I cannot
be thus satisfied.
(^Page.^) Looke where my ranting Host of the Garter
comes: there is eyther liquor in his pate, or mony in his
purse, when hee lookes so merrily: How now mine
Host?
(^Host.^) How now Bully-Rooke: thou'rt a Gentleman
Caueleiro Iustice, I say.
(^Shal.^) I follow, (mine Host) I follow: Good-euen,
and twenty (good Master (^Page^) .) Master (^Page^) , wil you   #
go
with vs? we haue sport in hand.
(^Host.^) Tell him Caueleiro-Iustice: tell him
Bully-Rooke.
(^Shall.^) Sir, there is a fray to be fought, betweene Sir
(^Hugh^) the Welch Priest, and (^Caius^) the French Doctor.
<P 45.C1>
(^Ford.^) Good mine Host o' th'Garter: a word with you.
(^Host.^) What saist thou, my Bully-Rooke?
(^Shal.^) Will you goe with vs to behold it? My merry
Host hath had the measuring of their weapons; and (I
thinke) hath appointed them contrary places: for (beleeue 
mee) I heare the Parson is no Iester: harke, I will
tell you what our sport shall be.
(^Host.^) Hast thou no suit against my Knight? my
guest-Caualeire?
(^Shal.^) None, I protest: but Ile giue you a pottle of
burn'd sacke, to giue me recourse to him, and tell him  
my name is (^Broome^) : onely for a iest.
(^Host.^) My hand, (Bully:) thou shalt haue egresse and
regresse, (said I well?) and thy name shall be (^Broome^) . It
is a merry Knight: will you goe An-heires?
(^Shal.^) Haue with you Mine Host.
(^Page.^) I haue heard the French-man hath good skill
in his Rapier.
(^Shal.^) Tut sir: I could haue told you more: In these
times you stand on distance: your Passes, Stoccado's, and
I know not what: 'tis the heart (Master (^Page^) ) 'tis heere,
'tis heere: I haue seene the time with my long-sword, I
would haue made you fowre tall fellowes skippe like
Rattes.
(^Host.^) Heere boyes, heere, heere: shall we wag?
(^Page.^) Haue with you: I had rather heare them scold,
then fight.
(^Ford.^) Though (^Page^) be a secure foole, and stands so
firmely on his wiues frailty; yet, I cannot put-off my opinion
so easily: she was in his company at (^Pages^) house:
and what they made there, I know not. Well, I wil looke
further into't, and I haue a disguise, to sound                 #
(^Falstaffe^) ; if
I finde her honest, I loose not my labor: if she be otherwise,
'tis labour well bestowed.
(\Exeunt.\)

[} (\SCOENA SECUNDA.\) }]

(^Enter^) Falstaffe, Pistoll, Robin, Quickly, Bardolffe,
Ford.

(^Fal.^) I will not lend thee a penny.
(^Pist.^) Why then the world's mine Oyster, which I,
with sword will open.
(^Fal.^) Not a penny: I haue beene content (Sir,) you
should lay my countenance to pawne: I haue grated vpon
my good friends for three Repreeues for you, and
your Coach-fellow (^Nim^) ; or else you had look'd through
the grate, like a Geminy of Baboones: I am damn'd in
hell, for swearing to Gentlemen my friends, you were
good Souldiers, and tall-fellowes. And when Mistresse
(^Briget^) lost the handle of her Fan, I took't vpon mine       #
honour
thou hadst it not.
(^Pist.^) Didst not thou share? hadst thou not fifteene
pence?
(^Fal.^) Reason, you roague, reason; thinkst thou Ile endanger
my soule, (^gratis^) ? at a word, hang no more about
mee, I am no gibbet for you: goe, a short knife, and a
throng, to your Mannor of (^Pickt-hatch^) : goe, you'll not
beare a Letter for mee you roague? you stand vpon your
honor: why, (thou vnconfinable basenesse) it is as much
as I can doe to keepe the termes of my hononor precise:
I, I, I my selfe sometimes, leauing the feare of heauen on
<P 45.C2>
the left hand, and hiding mine honor in my necessity, am
faine to shufflle: to hedge, and to lurch, and yet, you
Rogue, will en-sconce your raggs; your Cat-a-Mountaine-lookes,
your red-lattice phrases, and your bold-beating-oathes,
vnder the shelter of your honor: you
will not doe it? you?
(^Pist.^) I doe relent: what would thou more of man?
(^Robin.^) Sir, here's a woman would speake with you.
(^Fal.^) Let her approach.
(^Qui.^) Giue your worship good morrow.
(^Fal.^) Good-morrow, good-wife.
(^Qui.^) Not so and't please your worship.
(^Fal.^) Good maid then.
(^Qui.^) Ile be sworne,
As my mother was the first houre I was borne.
(^Fal.^) I doe beleeue the swearer; what with me?
(^Qui.^) Shall I vouch-safe your worship a word, or
two?
(^Fal.^) Two thousand (faire woman) and ile vouchsafe
thee the hearing.
(^Qui.^) There is one Mistresse (^Ford^) , (Sir) I pray come a
little neerer this waies: I my selfe dwell with M. Doctor
(^Caius^) :
(^Fal.^) Well, on; Mistresse (^Ford^) , you say.
(^Qui.^) Your worship saies very true: I pray your worship
come a little neerer this waies.
(^Fal.^) I warrant thee, no-bodie heares: mine owne
people, mine owne people.
(^Qui.^) Are they so? heauen-blesse them, and make
them his Seruants.
(^Fal.^) Well; Mistresse (^Ford^) , what of her?
(^Qui.^) Why, Sir; shee's a good-creature; Lord, Lord,
your Worship's a wanton: well: heauen forgiue you, 
and all of vs, I pray - .
(^Fal.^) Mistresse (^Ford^) : come, Mistresse (^Ford^) .
(^Qui.^) Marry this is the short, and the long of it: you
haue brought her into such a Canaries, as 'tis wonderfull:
the best Courtier of them all (when the Court lay
at (^Windsor^) ) could neuer haue brought her to such a         #
Canarie:
yet there has beene Knights, and Lords, and Gentlemen,
with their Coaches; I warrant you Coach after
Coach, letter after letter, gift after gift, smelling so        #
sweetly;
all Muske, and so rushling, I warrant you, in silke
and golde, and in such alligant termes, and in such wine
and suger of the best, and the fairest, that would haue
wonne any womans heart: and I warrant you, they could
neuer get an eye-winke of her: I had my selfe twentie
Angels giuen me this morning, but I defie all Angels (in
any such sort, as they say) but in the way of honesty: and
I warrant you, they could neuer get her so much as sippe
on a cup with the prowdest of them all, and yet there has
beene Earles: nay, (which is more) Pentioners, but I
warrant you all is one with her.
(^Fal.^) But what saies shee to mee? be briefe my good
(^shee-Mercurie^) .
(^Qui.^) Marry, she hath receiu'd your Letter: for the
which she thankes you a thousand times; and she giues
you to notifie, that her husband will be absence from his
house, betweene ten and eleuen.
(^Fal.^) Ten, and eleuen.
(^Qui.^) I, forsooth: and then you may come and see the
picture (she sayes) that you wot of: Master (^Ford^) her        #
husband
will be from home: alas, the sweet woman leades
an ill life with him: hee's a very iealousie-man; she leads
a very frampold life with him, (good hart.)
(^Fal.^) Ten, and eleuen.
<P 46.C1>
Woman, commend me to her, I will not faile her.
(^Qui.^) Why, you say well: But I haue another messenger
to your worship: Mistresse (^Page^) hath her heartie
commendations to you to: and let mee tell you in your
eare, shee's as fartuous a ciuill modest wife, and one (I
tell you) that will not misse you morning nor euening
prayer, as any is in (^Windsor^) , who ere bee the other: and
shee bade me tell your worship, that her husband is seldome 
from home, but she hopes there will come a time.
I neuer knew a woman so doate vpon a man; surely I
thinke you haue charmes, la: yes in truth.
(^Fal.^) Not I, I assure thee; setting the attraction of my
good parts aside, I haue no other charmes.
(^Qui.^) Blessing on your heart for't.
(^Fal.^) But I pray thee tell me this: has (^Fords^) wife, and
(^Pages^) wife acquainted each other, how they loue me?
(^Qui.^) That were a iest indeed: they haue not so little
grace I hope, that were a tricke indeed: But Mistris (^Page^)
would desire you to send her your little Page of al loues:
her husband has a maruellous infectio~ to the little Page:
and truely Master (^Page^) is an honest man: neuer a wife in
(^Windsor^) leades a better life then she do's: doe what shee
will, say what she will, take all, pay all, goe to bed when
she list, rise when she list, all is as she will: and truly she
deserues it; for if there be a kinde woman in (^Windsor^) , she
is one: you must send her your Page, no remedie.
(^Fal.^) Why, I will.
(^Qu.^) Nay, but doe so then, and looke you, hee may
come and goe betweene you both: and in any case haue
a nay-word, that you may know one anothers mide,
and the Boy neuer neede to vnderstand any thing; for
'tis not good that children should know any wickednes:
olde folkes you know, haue discretion, as they say, and
know the world.
(^Fal.^) Farethee-well, commend mee to them both:
there's my purse, I am yet thy debter: Boy, goe along
with this woman, this newes distracts me.
(^Pist.^) This Puncke is one of (^Cupids^) Carriers,
Clap on more sailes, pursue: vp with your fights:
Giue fire: she is my prize, or Ocean whelme them all.
(^Fal.^) Saist thou so (old (^Iacke^) ) go thy waies: Ile make
more of thy olde body then I haue done: will they yet
looke after thee? wilt thou after the expence of so much
money, be now a gainer? good Body, I thanke thee: let
them say 'tis grossely done, so it bee fairely done, no
matter. 
(^Bar.^) Sir (^Iohn^) , there's one Master (^Broome^) below     #
would
faine speake with you, and be acquainted with you; and
hath sent your worship a mornings draught of Sacke.
(^Fal.^) (^Broome^) is his name?
(^Bar.^) I Sir.
(^Fal.^) Call him in: such (^Broomes^) are welcome to mee,
that ore'flowes such liquor: ah ha, Mistresse (^Ford^) and      #
Mistresse
(^Page^) , haue I encompass'd you? goe to, via.
(^Ford.^) 'Blesse you sir.      
(^Fal.^) And you sir: would you speake with me?
(^Ford.^) I make bold, to presse, with so little preparation
vpon you.
(^Fal.^) You'r welcome, what's your will? giue vs leaue
Drawer.
(^Ford.^) Sir, I am a Gentleman that haue spent much,
my name is (^Broome^) .
(^Fal.^) Good Master (^Broome^) , I desire more acquaintance
of you.
(^Ford.^) Good Sir (^Iohn^) , I sue for yours: not to charge
you. for I must let you vnderstand, I thinke my selfe in
<P 46.C2>
better plight for a Lender, then you are: the which hath
something emboldned me to this vnseason'd intrution:
for they say, if money goe before, all waies doe lye
open.
(^Fal.^) Money is a good Souldier (Sir) and will on.
(^Ford.^) Troth, and I haue a bag of money heere troubles
me: if you will helpe to beare it (Sir (^Iohn^) ) take all,
or halfe, for easing me of the carriage.
(^Fal.^) Sir, I know not how I may deserue to bee your
Porter.
(^Ford.^) I will tell you sir, if you will giue mee the
hearing.
(^Fal.^) Speake (good Master (^Broome^) ) I shall be glad to
be your Seruant.
(^Ford.^) Sir, I heare you are a Scholler: (I will be briefe
with you) and you haue been a man long knowne to me,
though I had neuer so good means as desire, to make my
selfe acquainted with you. I shall discouer a thing to
you, wherein I must very much lay open mine owne imperfection:
but (good sir (^Iohn^) ) as you haue one eye vpon
my follies, as you heare them vnfolded, turne another
into the Register of your owne, that I may passe with a
reproofe the easier, sith you your selfe know how easie it
is to be such an offender.
(^Fal.^) Very well Sir, proceed.
(^Ford.^) There is a Gentlewoman in this Towne, her
husbands name is (^Ford^) .
(^Fal.^) Well Sir.
(^Ford.^) I haue long lou'd  her, and I protest to you,         #
bestowed
much on her: followed her with a doating obseruance:
Ingross'd opportunities to meete her: fee'd euery
slight occasion that could but nigardly giue mee
sight of her: not only bought many presents to giue her,
but haue giuen largely to many, to know what shee
would haue giuen: briefly, I haue pursu'd her, as Loue
hath pursued mee, which hath beene on the wing of all
occasions: but whatsoeuer I haue merited, either in my
minde, or in my meanes, meede I am sure I haue receiued
none, vnlesse Experience be a Iewell, that I haue purchased
at an infinite rate, and that hath taught mee to say
this,

(^Loue like a shadow flies, when substance Loue pursues,
Pursuing that that flies, and flying what pursues.^)

(^Fal.^) Haue you receiu'd no promise of satisfaction at
her hands?
(^Ford.^) Neuer.
(^Fal.^) Haue you importun'd her to such a purpose?
(^Ford.^) Neuer
(^Fal.^) Of what qualitie was your loue then?
(^Ford.^) Like a fair house, built on another mans ground,
so that I haue lost my edifice, by mistaking the place,
where I erected it.
(^Fal.^) To what purpose haue you vnfolded this to me?
(^For.^) When I haue told you that, I  haue told you all:
Some say, that though she appeare honest to mee, yet in
other places shee enlargeth her mirth so farre, that there
is shrewd construction made of her. Now (Sir (^Iohn^) ) here
is the heart of my purpose: you are a gentleman of excellent
breeding, admirable discourse, of great admittance,
authenticke in your place and person, generally
allow'd for your many war-like, court-like, and learned
preparations.
(^Fal.^) O Sir.
(^Ford.^) Beleeue it, for you know it: there is money,
spend it, spend it, spend more; spend all I haue, onely
<P 47.C1>
giue me so much of your time in enchange of it, as to lay
an amiable siege to the honesty of this (^Fords^) wife: vse
your Art of wooing; win her to consent to you: if any
man may, you may as soone as any.
(^Fal.^) Would it apply well to the vehemency of your
affection that I should win what you would enioy? Methinkes
you prescribe to your selfe very preposterously.
(^Ford.^) O, vnderstand my drift: she dwells so securely
on the excellency of her honor, that the folly of my soule
dares not present it selfe: shee is too bright to be look'd
against. Now, could I come to her with any detection
in my hand; my desires had instance and argument to
commend themselues, I could driue her then from the
ward of her purity, her reputation, her marriage-vow,
and a thousand other her defences, which now are too - 
too strongly embattaild against me: what say you too't,
Sir (^Iohn^) ?
(^Fal.^) Master (^Broome^) , I will first make bold with your
money: next, giue mee your hand: and last, as I am a
gentleman, you shall, if you will, enioy (^Fords^) wife.
(^Ford.^) O good Sir.
(^Fal.^) I say you shall.
(^Ford.^) Want no money (Sir (^Iohn^) ) you shall want none.
(^Fal.^) Want no (^Mistresse Ford^) (Master (^Broome^) ) you    #
shall
want none: I shall be with her (I may tell you) by her
owne appointment, euen as you came in to me, her assistant,
or goe-betweene, parted from me: I say I shall be
with her betweene ten and eleuen: for at that time the
iealious-rascally-knaue her husband will be forth: come
you to me at night, you shall know how I speed.
(^Ford.^) I am blest in your acquaintance: do you know
(^Ford^) Sir?
(^Fal.^) Hang him (poore Cuckoldly knaue) I know
him not: yet I wrong him to call him poore: They say
the iealous wittolly-knaue hath masses of money, for
the which his wife seemes to me well-fauourd: I will vse
her as the key of the Cuckoldly-rogues Coffer, & ther's
my haruest-home.
(^Ford.^) I would you knew (^Ford^) sir, that you might auoid 
him, if you saw him.
(^Fal.^) Hang him, mechanicall-salt-butter rogue; I wil
stare him out of his wits: I will awe him with my cudgell:
it shall hang like a Meteor ore the Cuckolds horns:
Master (^Broome^) , thou shalt know, I will predominate ouer
the pezant, and thou shalt lye with his wife. Come
to me soone at night: (^Ford's^) a knaue, and I will aggrauate
his stile: thou (Master (^Broome^) ) shalt know him for 
knaue, and Cuckold. Come to me soone at night.
(^Ford.^) What a damn'd Epicurian-Rascall is this? my
heart is ready to cracke with impatience: who saies this
is improuident iealousie: my wife hath sent to him, the
howre is fixt, the match is made: would any man haue
thought this? see the hell of hauing a false woman: my
bed shall be abus'd, my Coffers ransack'd, my reputation
gnawne at, and I shall not onely receiue this villanous
wrong but stand vnder the adoption of abhominable
termes, and by him that does mee this wrong: Termes,
names: (^Amaimon^) sounds well: (^Lucifer^) , well:             #
(^Barbason^) ,
well: yet they are Diuels additions, the names of fiends:
But Cuckold, Wittoll, Cuckold? the Diuell himselfe
hath not such a name. (^Page^) is an Asse, a secure Asse; hee
will trust his wife, hee will not be iealous: I will rather
trust a (^Fleming^) with my butter, Parson (^Hugh^) the         #
(^Welshman^)
with my Cheese, an (^Irish-man^) with my Aqua-vitae-bottle,
or a Theefe to walke my ambling gelding, then
my wife with her selfe. Then she plots, then shee rumiuates,
<P 47.C2>
then shee deuises: and what they thinke in their
hearts they may effect, they will breake their hearts but
they will effect. Heauen bee prais'd for my iealousie:
eleuen o'clocke the howre, I will preuent this, detect
my wife, bee reueng'd on (^Falstaffe^) , and laugh at           #
(^Page^) . I
will about it, better three houres too soone, then a mynute 
too late: fie, fie, fie: Cuckold, Cuckold, Cuckold.
(^Exit.^) [^SOURCE TEXT: Exti^]

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 54.C1>
[} (\ACTUS QUARTUS. SCENA SECUNDA.\) }]
(^Enter Falstoffe, Mist. Ford, Mist. Page, Seruants, Ford,
Page, Caius, Euans, Shallow.^) 

(^Fal.^) (^Mi. Ford.^) Your sorrow hath eaten vp my sufferance;
I see you are obsequious in your loue, and I professe
requitall to a haires bredth, not onely Mist. (^Ford^) ,
in the simple office of loue, but in all the accustrement,
complement, and ceremony of it: But are you sure of
your husband now?
(^Mis. Ford.^) Hee's a birding (sweet Sir (^Iohn^) .)
(^Mis. Page.^) What hoa, gossip (^Ford^) : what hoa.
(^Mis. Ford.^) Step into th'chamber, Sir (^Iohn^) .
(^Mis. Page.^) How now (sweete heart) whose at home
besides your selfe?
(^Mis. Ford.^) Why none but mine owne people.
(^Mis. Page.^) Indeed?
(^Mis. Ford.^) No certainly: Speake louder.
(^Mist. Pag.^) Truly, I am so glad you haue no body here.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Why?
(^Mis. Page.^) Why woman, your husband is in his olde
lines againe: he so takes on yonder with my husband, so
railes against all married mankinde; so curses all (^Eues^)
daughters, of what complexion soeuer; and so buffettes
himselfe on the for-head: crying peere-out, peere-out,
that any madnesse I euer yet beheld, seem'd but tamenesse,
ciuility, and patience to this his distemper he is in
now: I am glad the fat Knight is not heere.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Why, do's he talke of him?
(^Mist. Page.^) Of none but him, and sweares he was caried
out the last time hee search'd for him, in a Basket:
Protests to my husband he is now heere, & hath drawne
him and the rest of their company from their sport, to
make another experiment of his suspition: But I am glad
the Knight is not heere; now he shall see his owne
foolerie.
(^Mist. Ford.^) How neere is he Mistris (^Page^) ?
(^Mist. Pag.^) Hard by, at street end; he wil be here anon.
(^Mist. Ford.^) I am vndone, the Knight is heere.
(^Mist. Page^) Why then you are vtterly sham'd, & hee's
but a dead man. What a woman are you? Away with
him, away with him: Better shame, then murther.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Which way should he go? How should I
bestow him? Shall I put him into the basket againe?
(^Fal.^) No, Ile come no more i'th Basket:
May I not go out ere he come?
<P 54.C2>
(^Mist. Page.^) Alas: three of M=r=. (^Fords^) brothers watch
the doore with Pistols, that none shall issue out: otherwise
you might slip away ere hee came: But what make
you heere?
(^Fal.^) What shall I do? Ile creepe vp into the chimney.
(^Mist. Ford.^) There they alwaies vse to discharge their
Birding-peeces: creepe into the Kill-hole.
(^Fal.^) Where is it?
(^Mist. Ford.^) He will seeke there on my word: Neyther
Presse, Coffer, Chest, Trunke, Well, Vault, but he hath
an abstract for the remembrance of such places, and goes
to them by his Note: There is no hiding you in the
house.
(^Fal.^) Ile go out then.
(^Mist. Ford.^) If you goe out in your owne semblance,
you die Sir (^Iohn^) , vnlesse you go out disguis'd.
(^Mist. Ford.^) How might we disguise him?
(^Mist. Page.^) Alas, the day I know not, there is no womans
gowne bigge enough for him: otherwise he might
put on a hat, a muffler, and a kerchiefe, and so escape.
(^Fal.^) Good hearts, deuise something: any extremitie,
rather then a mischiefe.
(^Mist. Ford.^) My Maids Aunt the fat woman of (^Brainford^) ,
has a gowne aboue.
(^Mist. Page.^) On my word it will serue him: shee's as
big as he is: and there's her thrum'd hat, and her muffler
too: run vp Sir (^Iohn^) .
(^Mist. Ford.^) Go, go sweet Sir (^Iohn^) : (^Mistris Page^)    #
and
I will looke some linnen for your head.
(^Mist. Page.^) Quicke, quicke, wee'le come dresse you
straight: put on the gowne the while.
(^Mist. Ford.^) I would my husband would meete him
in this shape: he cannot abide the old woman of Brainford;
he sweares she's a witch, forbad her my house, and
hath threatned to beate her.
(^Mist. Page.^) Heauen guide him to thy husbands cudgell:
and the diuell guide his cudgell afterwards.
(^Mist. Ford.^) But is my husband comming?
(^Mist. Page.^) I in good sadnesse is he, and talkes of the
basket too, howsoeuer he hath had intelligence.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Wee'l try that: for Ile appoint my men to
carry the basket againe, to meete him at the doore with
it, as they did last time.
(^Mist. Page.^) Nay, but hee'l be heere presently: let's go
dresse him like the witch of (^Brainford^) .
(^Mist. Ford.^) Ile first direct my men, what they
shall doe with the basket: Goe vp, Ile bring linnen for
him straight.
(^Mist. Page.^) Hang him dishonest Varlet,
We cannot misuse enough:
We'll leaue a proofe by that which we will doo,
Wiues may be merry, and yet honest too:
We do not acte that often, iest, and laugh,
'Tis old, but true, Still Swine eats all the draugh.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Go Sirs, take the basket againe on your
shoulders: your Master is hard at doore: if hee bid you
set it downe, obey him: quickly, dispatch.
(^1. Ser.^) Come, come, take it vp.
(^2. Ser.^) Pray heauen it be not full of Knight againe.
(^1. Ser.^) I hope not, I had liefe as beare so much lead.
(^Ford.^) I, but if it proue true (M=r=. (^Page^) ) haue you    #
any
way then to vnfoole me againe. Set downe the basket
villaine: some body call my wife: Youth in a basket:
Oh you Panderly Rascals, there's a knot: a gin, a packe,
a conspiracie against me: Now shall the diuel be sham'd.
What wife I say: Come, come forth: behold what honest
<P 55.C1>
cloathes you send forth to bleaching.
(^Page.^) Why, this passes M. (^Ford^) : you are not to goe
loose any longer, you must be pinnion'd.
(^Euans.^) Why, this is Lunaticks: this is madde, as a
mad dogge.
(^Shall.^) Indeed (^M. Ford^) , thi is not well indeed.
(^Ford.^) So say I too Sir, come hither Mistris (^Ford^) ,      #
Mistris
(^Ford^) , the honest woman, the modest wife, the vertuous
creature, that hath the iealious foole to her husband:
I suspect without cause (Mistris) do I?
(^Mist. Ford.^) Heauen be my witnesse you doe, if you
suspect me in any dishonesty.
(^Ford.^) Well said Brazon-face, hold it out: Come forth
sirrah.
(^Page.^) This passes.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Are you not asham'd, let the cloths alone.
(^Ford.^) I shall find you anon.
(^Eua.^) 'Tis vnreasonable; will you take vp your wiues
cloathes? Come, away.
(^Ford.^) Empty the basket I say.
(^M. Ford.^) Why man, why?
(^Ford.^) Master (^Page^) , as I am a man, there was one        #
conuay'd
out of my house yesterday in this basket: why
may not he be there againe, in my house I am sure he is:
my Intelligence is true, my iealousie is reasonable, pluck
me out all the linnen.
(^Mist. Ford.^) If you find a man there, he shall dye a Fleas
death.
(^Page.^) Heer's no man.
(^Shal.^) By my fidelity this is not well M=r=. (^Ford^) : This
wrongs you. 
(^Euans.^) M=r= (^Ford^) , you must pray, and not follow the
imaginations of your owne heart: this is iealousies.
(^Ford.^) Well, hee's not heere I seeke for.
(^Page.^) No, nor no where else but in your braine.
(^Ford.^) Helpe to search my house this one time: if I find
not what I seeke, shew no colour for my extremity: Let
me for euer be your Table-sport: Let them say of me, as 
iealous as (^Ford^) , that search'd a hollow Wall-nut for his
wiues Lemman. Satisfie me once more, once more serch
with me.
(^M. Ford.^) What hoa (Mistris (^Page^) ,)  come you and
the old woman downe: my husband will come into the
Chamber.
(^Ford.^) Old woman? what old womans that?
(^M. Ford.^) Why it is my maids Aunt of (^Brainford^) .
(^Ford.^) A witch, a Queane, an olde couzening queane:
Haue I not forbid her my house. She comes of errands
do's she? We are simple men, wee doe not know what's
brought to passe vnder the profession of Fortune-telling.
She workes by Charmes, by Spels, by th'Figure, & such
dawbry as this is, beyond our Element: wee know nothing.
Come downe you Witch, you Hagge you, come
downe I say.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Nay, good sweet husband, good Gentlemen,
let him strike the old woman.
(^Mist. Page.^) Come mother (^Prat^) , Come giue me your
hand.
(^Ford.^) Ile (^Prat-her^) : Out of my doore, you Witch,
you Ragge, you Baggage, you Poulcat, you Runnion, 
out, out: Ile coniure you, Ile fortune-tell you.
(^Mist. Page.^) Are you not asham'd?
I thinke you haue kill'd the poore woman.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Nay he will do it, 'tis a goodly credite
for you.
(^Ford.^) Hang her witch.
<P 55.C2>
(^Eua.^) By yea, and no, I thinke the o'man is a witch indeede:
I like not when a o'man has a great peard; I spie 
a great peard vnder his muffler.
(^Ford.^) Will you follow Gentlemen, I beseech you follow:
see but the issue of my iealousie: If I cry out thus
vpon no traile, neuer trust me when I open againe.
(^Page.^) Let's obey his humour a little further:
Come Gentlemen.
(^Mist. Page.^) Trust me he beate him most pittifully.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Nay by th'Masse that he did not: he beate
him most vnpittifully, me thought.
(^Mist. Page.^) Ile haue the cudgell hallow'd, and hung
ore the Altar, it hath done meritorious seruice.   
(^Mist. Ford.^) What thinke you? May we with the warrant
of woman hood, and the witnesse of a good conscience,
pursue him with any further reuenge?
(^M. Page.^) The spirit of wantonnesse is sure scar'd out
of him, if the diuell haue him not in fee-simple, with 
fine and recouery, he will neuer (I thinke) in the way of
waste, attempt vs againe.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Shall we tell our husbands how wee haue
seru'd him?
(^Mist. Page.^) Yes, by all meanes: if it be but to scrape
the figures out of your husbands braines: if they can find
in their hearts, the poore vnuertuous fat Knight shall be
any further afflicted, wee two will still bee the
ministers.
(^Mist. Ford.^) Ile warrant, they'l haue him publiquely
sham'd, and me thinkes there would be no period to the
iest, should he not be publikely sham'd.
(^Mist. Page.^) Come, to the Forge with it, then shape it:
I would not haue things coole.
(\Exeunt.\)



<B CEPLAY2B>
<Q E2 XX COME MIDDLET>
<N CHASTE MAID>
<A MIDDLETON THOMAS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DRAMA COMEDY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MIDDLETON, THOMAS.
A CHASTE MAID IN CHEAPSIDE, 1630.
MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS LIMITED,
1969 (FACSIMILE).
PP. 1.1  - 8.35     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 15.1 - 29.10    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1>
(^Maudline.^) Haue you playd ouer all your old Lessons o the
Virginals?
(^Moll.^) Yes.
(^Maudl.^) Yes, you are a dull Mayd alate;
me thinkes you had need haue somewhat to
quicken your Greene Sicknesse, doe you weepe? A Husband.
Had not such a peece of Flesh been ordayned, what
had vs Wiues been good for? To make Sallets, or else cryd
vp and downe for Sampier. To see the difference of these
Seasons, when I was of your youth, I was lightsome, and
quicke, two yeeres before I was married. You fit for a
Knightsbed, drowsie browd, dull eyed, drossie sprited,
I hold my life you haue forgot your Dauncing: When
was the Dauncer with you?
<P 2>
(^Moll.^) The last weeke.
(^Maudl.^) Last weeke, when I was of your bord, he
mist me not a night, I was kept at it, I tooke delight to
learne, and he to teach me, prittie browne Gentleman, he
tooke pleasure in my company, but you are dull, nothing
comes nimbly from you, you daunce like a Plummers
Daughter, and deserue two thousand pound in Lead to
your marriage, and not in Gold-Smithes Ware.

(^Enter Yellow-hammer.^)

(^Yell.^) Now what's the din betwixt Mother and Daughter,
ha?
(^Maudl.^) Faith small, telling your Daughter (^Mary^) of
her Errors.
(^Yell.^) Errors, nay the Citie cannot hold you Wife, but
you must needs fetch words from Westminster, I ha done
I faith, has no Atturneys Clarke beene here a late, and
changed his Halfe-Crowne-peece his Mother sent him, or
rather cozend you with a guilded Two-pence, to bring the
word in fashion, for her faults or crackes, in dutie and
obedience, terme em eeue so sweet Wife. As there is no
Woman made without a Flaw, your purest Lawnes haue
Frayes, and Cambrickes Brackes.
(^Maudl.^) But 'tis a Husband sowders vp all Crackes.
(^Moll.^) What is he come Sir?
(^Yell^) , S=r= (^Walters^) come.
He was met at Holbourne Bridge, and in his company,
a proper faire young Gentlewoman, which I guesse
by her red Hayre, and other ranke descriptions,
to be his landed Neece, brought out of Wales,
which (^Tim^) our Sonne (the Cambridge Boy) must marry.
'Tis a match of S=r= (^Walters^) owne making
to bind vs to him, and our Heires for euer.
(^Mandl.^) We are honord then, if this Baggage would be
humble, and kisse him with deuotion when he enters.
I cannot get her for my life
<P 3>
to instruct her Hand thus, before and after,
which a Knight will looke for, before and after.
I haue told her still, 'tis the wauing of a Woman
dose often moue a Man, and preuailes strongly.
But sweet, ha you sent to Cambridge,
(has (^Tim^) word an't?)
(^Yell.^) Had word iust the day after when you sent him the
Siluer Spoone to eat his Broath in the Hall, amongst the
Gentlemen Commoners.
(^Maudl.^) O 'twas timely.

(^Enter Porter.^)

(^Yell.^) How now?
(^Port.^) A Letter from a Gentleman in Cambridge.
(^Yell.^) O one of (^Hobsons^) Porters, thou art well-come.
I told thee (^Maud^) we should heare from (^Tim^) .             #
(\Amantissimis
charissimisq~, ambobus parentibus patri & matri.\)
(^Maudl.^) What's the matter?
(^Yell.^) Nay by my troth, I know not, aske not me,
he's growne too verball, this Learning is a great Witch.
(^Maudl.^) Pray let me see it, I was wont to vnderstand him.
(\Amantissimus charissimus\) , he has sent the Carryers Man
he sayes: (\ambobus parentibus\) , for a paire of Boots:
(\patri & matri\) , pay the Porter, or it makes no matter.
(^Port.^) Yes by my faith Mistris, there's no true construction
in that, I haue tooke a great deale of paines, and come
from the Bell sweating. Let me come to'te, for I was a
Schollar forty yeers ago, 'tis thus I warrant you: (\Matri\) ,  #
it
makes no matter: (\ambobus parentibus\) , for a paire of Boots:
(\patri\) , pay the Porter: (\amantissimis charissimis\) ,      #
he's the Carryers
Man, and his name is (^Sims^) , and there he sayes true, 
forsooth my name is (^Sims^) indeed, I haue not forgot all my
learning. A Money matter, I thought I should hit on't.
(^Yell.^) Goe thou art an old Fox, ther's a Tester for thee.
(^Port.^) If I see your Worship at Goose Faire, I haue a
Dish of Birds for you.
<P 4>
(^Yell.^) Why dost dwell at Bow?
(^Port.^) All my life time Sir I could euer say Bo, to a
Goose. Farewell to your Worship.
(^Exit Porter.^)
(^Yell.^) A merry Porter.
(^Maudl.^) How can he choose but be so, comming with
Cambridge Letters from our Sonne (^Tim^) ?
(^Yell.^) What's here, (\maximus diligo\) , Faith I must to my
learned Counsell with this geere, 'twill nere be discernd
else.
(^Maudl.^) Goe to my Cousen then, at Innes of Court.
(^Yell.^) Fye they are all for French, they speake no Latine.
(^Maudl.^) The Parson then will doe it.

(^Enter a Gentleman with a Chayne.^)

(^Yell.^) Nay he disclaimes it, calles Latine Papistry, he will
not deale with it. What ist you lacke Gentleman?
(^Gent.^) Pray weigh this Chayne.

(^Enter Sir Walter Whorehound, Welsh Gentlewoman,
and Dauy Dahanna.^)

(^S. Walt.^) Now Wench thou art well-come to the Heart
of the Citie of London.
(^W. Gent.^) Dugat a whee.
(^S. Walt.^) You can thanke me in English if you list,
(^W. Gent.^) I can Sir simply.
(^S. Walt.^) 'Twill serue to passe Wench, 'twas strange that
I should lye with thee so often, to leaue thee without English,
that were vnnaturall, I bring thee vp to turne thee
into Gold Wench, and make thy fortune shine like your
bright Trade, a Gold-Smithes Shop sets out a Citie Mayd.
(^Dauy Dahanna^) , not a word.
(^Dau.^) Mum, mum Sir.
(^S. Walt.^) Here you must passe for a pure Virgine.
(^Dau.^) Pure Welch Virgine, she lost her Maydenhead in
Brekenocke-Shire.
<P 5>
(^S. Walt.^) I heare you mumble (^Dauy^) .
(^Dau.^) I haue Teeth Sir, I need not mumble yet this forty
yeeres.
(^S. Walt.^) The Knaue bites plaguely.
(^Yell.^) What's your price Sir?
(^Gent.^) A hundred pound Sir.
(^Yell.^) A hundred markes the vtmost, 'tis not for me else.
What S=r= (^Walter Whorehound^) ?
(^Moll.^) O Death.
(^Exit Moll.^)
(^Maudl.^) Why Daughter.
Faith the Baggage 
a bashfull Girle Sir, these young things are shamefast,
besides you haue a presence sweet S=r= (^Walter^) ,
able to daunt a Mayd brought vp i'the Citie,

(^Enter Mary.^)

A braue Court Spirit makes our Virgines quiuer,
and kisse with trembling Thighes. Yet see she comes Sir.
(^S. Walt.^) Why how now prettie Mistris, now I haue
caught you. What can you iniure so your time to strey thus
from your faithfull Seruant.
(^Yell.^) Pish, stop your words good Knight, 'twill make
her blush else, which wound to high for the Daughters of
the Freedome, honor, and faithfull Seruant, they are            #
complements
for the Worthy's of Whitehall, or Greenwitch,
eene plaine, sufficient, subsidy words serues vs Sir. And is
this Gentlewoman your worthy Neece?
(^S. Walt.^) You may be bold with her on these termes, 'tis
she Sir, Heire to some nineteene Mountaines.
(^Yell.^) Blesse vs all, you ouer-whelme me Sir with loue
and riches.
(^S. Walt.^) And all as high as (^Pauls^) .
(^Dau.^) Here's worke I faith.
(^S. Walt.^) How sayest thou (^Dauy^) ?
(^Dau.^) Higher Sir by farre, you cannot see the top of
em.
(^Yell.^) What Man? (^Maudline^) salute this Gentlewoman,
our Daughter if things hit right.
<P 6>
(^Enter Tuchwood Iunior.^)

(^T.I.^) My Knight with a brace of Footmen,
is come and brought vp his Ewe Mutton,
to find a Ram at London, I must hasten it,
or else picke a Famine, her Bloods mine,
and that's the surest. Well Knight, that choyse spoy
is onely kept for me.
(^Moll.^) Sir?
(^T.I.^) Turne not to me till thou mayst lawfully, it but
whets my stomacke, which is too sharpe set already. Read
that note carefully, keepe me from suspition still, nor know
my zeale but in thy Heart: read and send but thy liking in 
three words, I'le be at hand to take it.
(^Yell.^) O turne Sir, turne.
A poore plaine Boy, an Vniuersitie Man,
proceeds next Lent to a Batcheler of Art,
he will be call'd S=r= (^Yellowhammer^) then
ouer all Cambridge, and that's halfe a Knight.
(^Maudl.^) Please you draw neere, and tast the well-come
of the Citie Sir?
(^Yell.^) Come good S=r= (^Walter^) , and your vertuous Neece
here.
(^S. Walt.^) 'Tis manners to take kindnesse.
(^Yell.^) Lead 'em in Wife.
(^S. Walt.^) Your company Sir.
(^Yell.^) I'le giue't you instantly.
(^T.I.^) How strangely busie is the Diuell and riches,
Poore Soule kept in too hard, her Mothers Eye,
is cruell toward her, being to him,
'twere a good mirth now to set him a worke
to make her wedding Ring. I must about it.
Rather then the gaine should fall to a Stranger,
'twas honestie in me to enrich my Father.
(^Yell.^) The Girle is wondrous peuish, I feare nothing,
but that she's taken with some other loue,
<P 7>
then all's quite dasht, that must be narrowly lookt to,
we cannot be too wary in our Children. What ist you lack?
(^T.I.^) O nothing now, all that I wish is present.
I would haue a wedding Ring made for a Gentlewoman,
with all speed that may be.
(^Yell.^) Of what weight Sir?
(^T.I.^) Of some halfe ounce,
stand faire and comely, with the Sparke of a Diamond.
Sir 'twere pittie to lose the least grace.
(^Yell.^) Pray let's see it, indeed Sir 'tis a pure one.
(^T.I.^) So is the Mistris.
(^Yell.^) Haue you the widenesse of her Finger Sir?
(^T.I.^) Yes sure I thinke I haue her measure about me,
good faith 'tis downe, I cannot show't you,
I must pull too many things out to be certaine.
Let me see, long, and slender, and neatly ioynted,
Iust such another Gentlewoman that's your Daughter Sir.
(^Yell.^) And therefore Sir no Gentlewoman.
(^T.I.^) I protest I neuer saw two Maids handed more alike
I'le nere seeke farther, if you'le giue me leaue Sir.
(^Yell.^) If you dare venture by her Finger Sir.
(^T.I.^) I, and I'le bide all losse Sir.
(^Yell.^) Say you so Sir, let's see hether Girle.
(^T.I.^) Shall I make bold with your finger Gentlewoman?
(^Moll.^) Your pleasure Sir.
(^T.I.^) That fits her to a haire Sir.
(^Yell.^) What's your Posie now Sir?
(^T.I.^) Masse that's true, Posie I faith eene thus Sir.
Loue that's wise, blinds Parents Eyes.
(^Yell.^) How, how, If I may speake without offence Sir,
I hold my life
(^T.I.^) What Sir?
(^Yell.^) Goe too, you'le pardon me?
(^T.I.^) Pardon you? I Sir.
(^Yell.^) Will you I faith?
(^T.I.^) Yes faith I will.
(^Yell.^) You'le steale away some Mans Daughter, am I nere you?
Doe you turne aside? You Gentlemen are mad Wags, I
<P 8>
wonder things can be so warily carried,
and Parents blinded so, but the're serued right
that haue two Eyes, and were so dull a sight.
(^T.I.^) Thy doome take hold of thee.
(^Yell.^) To morrow noone shall shew your Ring well done.
(^T.I.^) Being so 'tis soone, thankes, and your leaue sweet
Gentlewoman.
(^Exit.^)
(^Moll.^) Sir you are well-come.
O were I made of wishes, I went with thee.
(^Yell.^) Come now we'le see how the rules goe within.
(^Moll.^) That robs my Ioy, there I loose all I win.
(^Exit.^)

(^Enter Dauy and All-wit seuerally.^)

(^Dau.^) Honestie wash my Eyes, I haue spy'd a Witall.
(^All.^) What (^Dauy Dahanna^) , well-come from North Wales
I faith, and is S=r= (^Walter^) come?
(^Dau.^) New come to Towne Sir.
(^All.^) Into the Mayds sweet (^Dauy^) , and giue order his
Chamber be made ready instantly, my Wife's as great as
she can wallow (^Dauy^) , and longs for nothing but pickled
Coucombers, and his comming, and now she shall ha'te 
Boy.
(^Dau.^) She's sure of them Sir.
(^All.^) Thy verie sight will hold my Wife in pleasure,
till the Knight come himselfe. Go in, in, in (^Dauy^) .

(^Exit.^)

The Founderscome to Towne, I am like a Man
finding a Table furnish't to his hand,
as mine is still to me, prayes for the Founder,
blesse the right Worshipfull, the good Founders life.
I thanke him, h'as maintain'd my House this ten yeeres,
not onely keepes my Wife, but a keepes me,
and all my Family, I am at his Table,
he gets me all my Children, and payes the Nurse,
monthly, or weekely, puts me to nothing,
rent, nor Church duties, not so much as the Scauenger,
the happiest state that euer Man was borne to.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 15>
(^Wench.^) O Snaphance, haue I found you.
(^T.S.^) How Snaphance?
(^Wench.^) Doe you see your workemanship,
Nay turne not from it, nor offer to escape, for if you doe,
I'le cry it through the Streets, and follow you.
Your name may well be called (^Tuchwood^) , a Pox on you,
You doe but touch and take, thou hast vndone me,
I was a Mayd before, I can bring a Certificate for it,
From both the Church-Wardens.
(^T.S.^) I'le haue the Parsons Hand too, or I'le not yeeld
to't.
(^Wench.^) Thou shalt haue more thou Villaine, nothing
grieues me, but (^Ellen^) my poore cousen in Darbishiere, thou
hast crack't her marriage quite, she'le haue a bout with
thee.
(^T.S.^) Faith when she will I'le haue a bout with her.
(^Wench.^) A Law bout Sir I meane.
(^T.S.^) True, Lawyers vse such bouts as other Men doe,
And if that be all thy griefe, I'le tender her a Husband,
I keepe of purpose two or three Gulls in pickle
To eat such Mutten with, and she shall chuse one.
Doe but in courtesie faith Wench excuse me,
Of this halfe yeard of Flesh, in which I thinke it wants
A Nayle or two. 
(^Wench.^) No, thou shalt find Villaine
It hath right shape, and all the Nayles it should haue.
(^T.S.^) Faith I am poore, doe a charitable deed Wench,
I am a younger Brother, and haue nothing.
(^Wench.^) Nothing, thou hast too much thou lying villaine
Vnlesse thou wert more thankefull.
(^T.S.^) I haue no dwelling,
I brake vp House but this morning, Pray thee pittie me;
I am a good Fellow, faith haue beene too kind
To people of your Gender, if I ha'te
Without my Belly, none of your Sexe shall want it,
That word has beene of force to moue a Woman.
There's trickes enough to rid thy Hand on't Wench,
<P 16>
Some rich-mans Porch, to morrow before day,
Or else anone i'the euening, twentie deuises,
Here's all I haue, I faith, take purse and all,
And would I were rid of all the Ware i'the Shop so.
(^Wench.^) Where I find manly dealings I am pitifull,
This shall not trouble you.
(^T.S.^) And I protest Wench, the next I'le keepe my
selfe.
(^Wench.^) Soft, let it be got first.
This is the filth, if e're I venture more
Where I now goe for a Mayd, may I ride for a Whore.
(^Exit.^)
(^T.S.^) what shift shele make now with this peece of flesh
In this strict time of Lent, I cannot imagine,
Flesh dare not peepe abroad now, I haue knowne
This Citie now aboue this seuen yeers,
But I protest in better state of gouernement,
I neuer knew it yet, nor euer heard of,
There has beene more religious wholesome Lawes
In the halfe cirkle of a yeere erected
For common good, then memorie euer knew of,

(^Enter Sir Oliuer Kin, and his Lady.^)

Setting apart corruption of Promoters,
And other poysonous Officers that infect
And with a venemous breath taint euerie goodnesse.
(^Lady.^) O that e're I was begot, or bred, or borne.
(^S. Ol.^) Be content sweet Wife.
(^T.S.^) What's here to doe now?
I hold my life she's in deepe passion
For the imprisonment of Veale and Mutton
Now kept in Garets, weepes for some Calues Head now,
Me thinkes her Husbands Head might serue with Bacon.

(^Enter Tuchwood Iunior.^)

(^Lady.^) Hist.
<P 17>
(^S. Ol.^) Patience sweet Wife.
(^T.I.^) Brother I haue sought you strangely.
(^T.S.^) Why what's the businesse?
(^T.I.^) With all speed thou canst procure a Licence for 
me.
(^T.S.^) How, a Licence?
(^T.I.^) Cuds-foot she's lost else, I shall misse her euer
(^T.I.^) Nay sure thou shalt not misse so faire a marke,
For thirteene shillings foure pence.
(^T.S.^) Thankes by hundreds.
(^Exit.^)
(^S. Ol.^) Nay pray thee cease, I'le be at more cost yet,
Thou know'st we are rich enough.
(^Lady.^) All but in blessings,
And there the Begger goes beyond vs. O, o`, o`,
To be seuen yeeres a Wife and not a Child, o` not a Child.
(^S. Ol.^) Sweet Wife haue patience.
(^Lady.^) Can any Woman haue a greater cut?
(^S. Ol.^) I know 'tis great, but what of that Wife?
I cannot doe with all, there's things making
By thine owne Doctors aduice at Poticaries,
I spare for nothing Wife, no if the price
Were fortie markes a spoone-full,
I'de giue a thousand pound to purchase fruitfulnesse,
'Tis but bating so many good workes
In the erecting of Bridewels and Spittle-houses,
And so fetch it vp againe, for hauing none
I meane to make good deeds my Children.
(^Lady.^) Giue me but those good deeds, and I'le find
Children.
(^S. Ol.^) Hang thee, thou hast had too many.
(^Lady.^) Thou ly'st breuitie.
(^S. Ol.^) O horrible, dar'st thou call me breuitie?
Dar'st thou be so short with me?
(^Lady.^) Thou deseruest worse.
Thinke but vpon the goodly Lands and Linings
That's kept backe through want on't.
(^S. Ol.^) Talke not on't pray thee,
<P 18>
Thou'lt make me play the Woman, and weepe too.
(^Lady.^) 'Tis our dry barrennesse puffes vp S=r= (^Walter^) ,
None gets by your not-getting, but that Knight,
He's made by th'meanes, and fats his fortunes, shortly
In a great Dowry with a Gold-Smiths Daughter.
(^S. Ol.^) They may be all deceiued,
Be but you patient Wife.
(^Lady.^) I haue suffred a long time.
(^S. Ol.^) Suffer thy Heart out, a Poxe suffer thee.
(^Lady.^) Nay thee, thou desertlesse Slaue.
(^S. Ol.^) Come, come, I ha'done.
You'le to the Gossiping of M=r= (^Allwits^) Child?
(^Lady.^) Yes, to my much ioy,
Euerie one gets before me, there's my Sister
Was married but at Bartholmew-eeue last,
And she can haue two Children at a birth,
O one of them, one of them would ha'seru'd my turne.
(^S. Ol.^) Sorrow consume thee, thou art still crossing me,
And know'st my nature.

(^Enter a Mayd.^)
 
(^Mayd.^) O Mistris, weeping or rayling,
That's our House harmony.
(^Lady.^) What say'st (^Iugg^) ?
(^Mayd.^) The sweetest newes.
(^Lady.^) What ist Wench?
(^Mayd.^) Throw downe your Doctors Drugges,
They're all but Heretikes, I bring certaine remedy
That has beene taught, and proued, and neuer fayl'd.
(^S. Ol.^) O that, that, that or nothing.
(^Mayd.^) There's a Gentleman,
I haply haue his Name too, that has got
Nine Children by one Water that he vseth,
It neuer misses, they come so fast vpon him,
He was faine to giue it ouer.
(^Lady.^) His name sweet (^Iugg^) ?
<P 19>
(^Mayd.^) One M=r= (^Tuchwood^) , a fine Gentleman,
But run behind-hand much with getting Children.
(^S. Ol.^) Ist possible?
(^Mayd.^) Why Sir, he'le vndertake,
Vsing that Water, within fifteene yeere,
For all your wealth, to make you a poore Man,
You shall so swarme with Children.
(^S. Ol.^) I'le venture that I faith.
(^Lady.^) That shall you Husband.
(^Mayd.^) But I must tell you first, he's very deere.
(^S. Ol.^) No matter, what serues wealth for?
(^Lady.^) True sweet Husband,
There's Land to come, Put case his Water stands me
In some fiue hundred pound a pint,
'T will fetch a thousand, and a Kersten Soule.
I'le about it.
And that's worth all sweet Husband.
(^Exit.^)

(^Enter All-wit.^)

(^All.^) I'le goe bid Gossips presently my selfe,
That's all the worke I'le doe, nor need I stirre,
But that it is my pleasure to walke forth
Any ayre my selfe a little, I am ty'd to nothing
In this businesse, what I doe is meerely recreation,
Not constraint.
Here's running to and fro, Nurse vpon Nurse,
Three Chare women, besides maids & neighbors children.
Fye, what a trouble haue I rid my Hands on,
It makes me sweat to thinke on't.

(^Enter Sir Walter Whorehound.^)

(^S. Walt.^) How now (^I aske^) ?
(^All.^) I am going to bid Gossips for your W=ps= child Sir,
A goodly Girle I faith, giue you ioy on her,
She looks as if she had two thousand pound to her portion
<P 20>
(^Enter Dry Nurse.^)

And run away with a Taylor, A fine plumpe black ei'd slut,
Vnder correction Sir,
I take delight to see her: Nurse.
(^Nurse.^) Doe you call Sir?
(^Exit.^)
(^All.^) I call not you, I call the Wet Nurse hither, 

(^Enter Wet Nurse.^)

Giue me the wet Nurse, I 'tis thou,
Come hither, come hither,
Lets see her once againe, I cannot chuse.
But busse her thrice an hower.
(^Nurse.^) You may be proud on't Sir,
'Tis the best peece of worke that e're you did.
(^All.^) Think'st thou so Nurse, What sayest to (^Wat^) and
(^Nicke^) ?
(^Nurse.^) They're pretie children both, but here's a wench
Will be a knocker.
(^All.^) Pup say'st thou me so, pup little Countesse,
Faith Sir I thanke your Worship for this Girle,
Ten thousand times, and vpward.
(^S. Walt.^) I am glad I haue her for you Sir.
(^All.^) Here take her in Nurse, wipe her, and giue her
Spoone-meat.
(^Nurse.^) Wipe your Mouth Sir.
(^Exit.^)
(^All.^) And now about these Gossips.
(^S. Walt.^) Get but two, I'le stand for one my selfe.
(^All.^) To your owne Child Sir?
(^S. Walt.^) The better pollicie, it preuents suspition,
'Tis good to play with rumor at all weapons.
(^All.^) Troth I commend your care Sir, 'tis a thing
That I should ne're haue thought on.
(^S. Walt.^) The more Slaue,
When Man turnes base, out goes his Soules pure flame,
The fat of ease o're-throwes the eyes of shame.
<P 21>
(^All.^) I am studying who to get for Godmother
Sutable to your Worship, Now I ha'thought on't.
(^S. Walt.^) I'le ease you of that care, and please my selfe    #
in't
My Loue the Goldsmithes Daughter, if I send,
Her Father will command her, (^Dauy Dahumma^) .

(^Enter Dauy.^)

(^All.^) I'le fit your Worship then with a Male Partner.
(^S. Walt.^) What is he?
(^All.^) A kind proper Gentleman, Brother to M=r=
(^Tuchwood^) .
(^S. Walt.^) I know (^Tuchwood^) , has he a Brother liuing?
(^All.^) A neat Batchelor.
(^S. Walt.^) Now we know him, we'le make shift with him
Dispatch the time drawes neere, Come hither (^Dauy^) .
(^Exit.^)
(^All.^) In troth I pittie him, he ne're stands still,
Poore Knight what paines he takes, sends this way one,
That way another, has not an houres leasure,
I would not haue thy toyle, for all thy pleasure,

(^Enter two Promoters.^)

Ha, how now, what are these that stand so close
At the Street-corner, pricking vp their Eares,
And snuffing vp their Noses, like rich-mens Dogges
When the first Course goes in? By the masse Promoters,
'Tis so I hold my life, and planted there
To arrest the dead Corps of poore Calues and Sheepe,
Like rauenous Creditors, that will not suffer
The Bodyes of their poore departed Debtors
To goe to'th'graue, but eene in Death to vex
And stay the Corps, with Billes of Middlesex,
This Lent will fat the whoresons vp with Sweetbreds,
And lard their whores with Lambe-stones, what their gols
Can clutch, goes presently to their (^Mols^) and (^Dols^) ,
The Bawds will be so fat with what they carue,
<P 22>
Their Chins will hang like Vdders, by Easter-eeue,
And being stroak't, will giue the Milke of Witches,
How did the Mungrels heare my wife lyes in?
Well, I may baffle 'em gallantly, By your Fauour Gentlemen
I am a stranger both vnto the Citie,
And to her carnall stricktnesse.
(^1 Prom.^) Good, Your will Sir?
(^All.^) Pray tell me where one dwells that kils this Lent.
(^1 Prom.^) How kils? Come hither (^Dicke^) ,
A Bird, a Bird.
(^2 Prom.^) What ist that you would haue?
(^All.^) Faith any Flesh,
But I long especially for Veale and Greene-sauce.
(^1 Prom.^) Greene-Goose, you shall be sau'st.
(^All.^) I haue halfe a scornefull stomacke, no Fish will be
admitted.
(^1 Prom.^) Not this Lent Sir?
(^All.^) Lent, what cares Colon here for Lent?
(^1 Prom.^) You say well Sir,
Good reason that the Colon of a Gentleman
As you were lately pleas'd to terme your worship Sir,
Should be fulfill'd with answerable food,
To sharpen Blood, delight Health, and tickle Nature,
Were you directed hither to this Street Sir?
(^All.^) That I was, I marry.
(^2 Prom.^) And the Butcher belike
Should kill, and sell close in some vpper Roome?
(^All.^) Some Apple-loft as I take it, or a Cole-house,
I know not which I faith.
(^2 Prom.^) Either will serue,
This Butcher shall kisse Newgate, lesse he turne vp the
Bottome of the Pocket of his Apron,
You goe to seeke him?
(^All.^) Where you shall not find him,
I'le buy, walke by your Noses with my Flesh,
Sheepe-biting Mungrels, Hand-basket Free-booters,
My Wife lyes in, a sootra for Promoters.
(^Exit.^)
<P 23>
(^1 Prom.^) That shall not serue your turn, what a Rogue's
this, how cunningly he came ouer vs?

(^Enter a Man with Meat in a Basket.^)

(^2 Prom.^) Husht, stand close.
(^Man^) I haue scap't well thus farre, they say the Knaues
are wondrous hot and busie.
(^1 Prom.^) By your leaue Sir,
We must see what you haue vnder your Cloake there.
(^Man^) Haue? I haue nothing.
(^1 Prom.^) No, doe you tell vs that, what makes this
lumpe sticke out then, we must see Sir.
(^Man^) What will you see Sir, a paire of Sheets, and two
of my Wiues foule Smocks, going to the Washers?
(^2 Prom.^) O we loue that sight well, you cannot please vs
better: What doe you gull vs, call you these Shirts and 
Smockes?
(^Man^) Now a Poxe choake you,
You haue cozend me and fiue of my Wiues kinred
Of a good Dinner, we must make it vp now
With Herrings and Milke-potage.
(^Exit.^)
(^1 Prom.^) 'Tis all Veale.
(^2 Prom.^) All Veale, Poxe the worse lucke, I promis'd
faithfully to send this morning a fat quarter of Lambe, to a
kind Gentlewoman in Turnebull street that longs, and how
I'me crost.
(^1 Prom.^) Let's share this, and see what hap comes next
then.

(^Enter another with a Basket.^)

(^2 Prom.^) Agreed, stand close againe, another bootie,
What's he?
(^1 Prom.^) Sir, by your fauour.
(^Man^) Meaning me Sir?
(^1 Prom.^) Good M=r= (^Oliuer^) , cry thee mercie, I faith.
<P 24>
What hast thou there?
(^Man.^) A Racke of Mutton Sir, and halfe a Lambe,
You know my Mistrisses dyet.
(^1 Prom.^) Goe, goe, we see thee not, away, keepe close,
Heart let him passe, thou'lt neuer haue the wit
To know our benefactors.
(^2 Prom.^) I haue forgot him.
(^1 Prom.^) 'Tis M. (^Beggerlands^) man the wealthy Merchant
That is in fee with vs.
(^2 Prom.^) Now I haue a feeling of him.
(^1 Prom.^) You know he purchast the whole Lent together
Gaue vs ten groats a peece on Ash-wensday.
(^2 Prom.^) True, true.

(^Enter a Wench with a Basket, and a Child in it
vnder a Loyne of Mutton.^)

(^1 Prom.^) A Wench.
(^2 prom.^) Why then stand close indeed.
(^Wench.^) Women had need of wit, if they'le shift here,
And she that hath wit, may shift any-where.
(^1 Prom.^) Looke, looke, poore Foole,
She has left the Rumpe vncouer'd too,
More to betray her, this is like a Murdrer,
That will out-face the deed with a bloody Band.
(^2 prom.^) What time of the yeere ist Sister?
(^Wench.^) O sweet Gentlemen, I am a poore Seruant,
Let me goe.
(^1 Prom.^) You shall Wench, but this must stay with vs.
(^Wench.^) O you vndoe me Sir,
'Tis for a welthy Gentlewoman that takes Physicke Sir,
The Doctor do's allow my Mistris Mutton,
O as you tender the deere life of a Gentlewoman,
I'le bring my Master to you, he shall shew you
A true authoritie from the higher powers,
And I'le run euerie foot.
(^2 Prom.^) Well, leaue your Basket then,
<P 25>
And run and spare not.
(^Wench.^) Will you sweare then to me,
To keepe it till I come.
(^1 Prom.^) Now by this light I will.
(^Wench.^) What say you Gentleman? 
(^2 Prom.^) What a strange Wench 'tis?
Would we might perish else.
(^Wench.^) Nay then I run Sir.
(^Exit.^)
(^1 Prom.^) And ne're returne I hope.
(^2 Prom.^) A politike Baggage,
She makes vs sweare to keepe it,
I prethe looke what market she hath made.
(^1 Prom.^) Imprimis Sir, a good fat Loyne of Mutton,
What comes next vnder this Cloath?
Now for a quarter of Lambe.
(^2 Prom.^) Not for a Shoulder of Mutton.
(^1 Prom.^) Done.
(^2 Prom.^) Why done Sir.
(^1 Prom.^) By the masse I feele I haue lost,
'Tis of more weight I faith.
(^2 Prom.^) Some Loyne of Veale?
(^1 Prom.^) No faith, here's a Lambes Head,
I feele that plainly, why yet win my wager.
(^2 Prom.^) Ha?
(^1 Prom.^) Swounds what's here?
(^2 Prom.^) A Child.
(^1 Prom.^) A Poxe of all dissembling cunning Whores.
(^2 Prom.^) Here's an vnlucky Breakefast.
(^1 Prom.^) What shal's doe?
(^2 Prom.^) The Queane made vs sweare to keepe it too.
(^1 Prom.^) We might leaue it else.
(^2 Prom.^) Villanous strange,
'Life had she none to gull, but poore Promoters,
That watch hard for a liuing.
(^1 Prom.^) Halfe our gettings must run in Suger-sops,
And Nurses wages now, besides many a pound of Sope,
And Tallow, we haue need to get Loynes of Mutton still,
<P 26>
To saue Suet to change for Candles.
(^2 Prom.^) Nothing mads me, but this was a Lambs head
with you, you felt it, she has made Calues heads of vs.
(^1 Prom.^) Prethe no more on't,
There's time to get it vp, it is not come
To Mid-Lent Sunday yet.
(^2 Prom.^) I am so angry, I'le watch no more to day.
(^1 Prom.^) Faith nor I neither.
(^2 Prom.^) Why then I'le make a motion.
(^1 Prom.^) Well, what ist?
(^2 Prom.^) Let's e'ne goe to the Checker at Queene-hiue
and rost the Loyne of Mutton, till young Flood, then send
the Child to Branford.

(^Enter Allwit in one of Sir Walters Sutes, and Dauy
trussing him.^)

(^All.^) 'Tis a busie day at our House (^Dauy^) .
(^Dauy^) Alwayes the Kursning day Sir.
(^All.^) Trusse, trusse me (^Dauy^) .
(^Dauy^) No matter and you were hang'd Sir.
(^All.^) How do's this Sute fit me (^Dauy^) ?
(^Dauy^) Excellent neatly, my Masters things were euer fit
for you Sir, e'ne to a Haire you know.
(^All.^) Thou hast hit it right (^Dauy^) ,
We euer iumpt in one, this ten yeeres (^Dauy^) ,

(^Enter a Seruant with a Box.^)

So well said, what art thou?
(^Seru.^) Your Comfit-makers Man Sir.
(^All.^) O sweet youth, into the Nurse quicke,
Quicke, 'tis time I faith,
Your Mistris will be here?
(^Seru.^) She was setting forth Sir.
<P 27>

(^Enter two Puritans.^)
 
(^All.^) Here comes our Gossips now, O I shall haue such
kissing worke to day, Sweet Mistris (^Vnderman^) welcome
I faith.
(^1 Pur.^) Giue you ioy of your fine Girle Sir,
Grant that her education may be pure,
And become one of the faithfull.
(^All.^) Thankes to your Sisterly wishes M=r= (^Vnderman^) .
(^2 Pur.^) Are any of the Brethrens Wiues yet come?
(^All.^) There are some Wiues within, and some at
home.
(^1 Pur.^) Verily thankes Sir.
(^Exit.^)
(^All.^) Verily you are an Asse forsooth,
I must fit all these times, or there's no Musicke,

(^Enter two Gossips.^)

Here comes a friendly and familier payer,
Now I like these Wenches well.
(^1 Goss.^) How do'st sirra?
(^All.^) Faith well I thanke you Neighbor, and how do'st
thou?
(^2 Goss.^) Want nothing, but such getting Sir as thine.
(^All.^) My gettings wench, they are poore.
(^1 Goss.^) Fye that thou'lt say so,
Th'ast as fine Children as a Man can get,
(^Dauy^) I as a Man can get,
And that's my Master.
(^All.^) They are pretie foolish things,
Put to making in minutes,
I ne're stand long about 'em,
Will you walke in Wenches?
<P 28>
(^Enter Tuchwood Iunior, and Moll.^)

(^T.I.^) The hapiest meeting that our soules could wish for
Here's the Ring ready, I am beholding vnto your Fathers
hast, h'as kept his howre.
(^Moll.^) He neuer kept it better.

(^Enter Sir Walter Whorehound.^)

(^T.I.^) Backe, be silent.
(^S. Walt.^) Mistris and Partner, I will put you both into
one Cup.
(^Dauy^) Into one Cup, most proper,
A fitting complement for a Gold-smiths Daughter.
(^All.^) Yes Sir, that's he must be your Worships Partner
In this dayes businesse, M=r= (^Tuchwoods^) Brother.
(^S. Walt.^) I embrace your acquaintance Sir.
(^T.I.^) It vowes your seruice Sir.
(^S.Walt.^) It's neere high time, come M=r= (^All-wit^) .
(^All.^) Ready Sir.
(^S. Walt.^) Wil't please you walke?
(^T.I.^) Sir I obey your time.
(^Exit.^)

(^Enter Midwife with the Child, and the Gossips to the
Kursning.^)

(^1 Goss.^) Good M=ris= (^Yellowhammer^) .
(^Maudl.^) In faith I will not.
(^1 Goss.^) Indeed it shall be yours
(^Maudl.^) I haue sworne I faith.
(^1 Goss.^) I'le stand still then.
(^Maudl.^) So will you let the Child goe without company
And make me forsworne.
(^1 Goss.^) You are such another Creature.
(^2 Goss.^) Before me, I pray come downe a little.
(^3 Goss.^) Not a whit, I hope I know my place.
<P 29>
(^2 Goss.^) Your place, great wonder sure, are you any better
then a Comfit-makers wife.
(^3 Goss.^) And that's as good at all times as a Pothicaries.
(^2 Goss.^) Ye lye, yet I forbeare you too.
(^1 Pur.^) Come sweet Sister, we goe in vnitie, and shew
the fruits of peace like Children of the Spirit.
(^2 Pur.^) I loue lowlinesse.
(^4 Goss.^) True, so say I, though they striue more,
There comes as proud behind, as goes before.
(^5 Goss.^) Euerie inch I faith.
(^Exit.^)



<B CEPRIV2>
<Q E2 XX CORP KNYVETT>
<N LET TO WIFE>
<A KNYVETT THOMAS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SAMPLE 1:

KNYVETT, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE KNYVETT LETTERS (1620-1644).
ED. B. SCHOFIELD.
LONDON: CONSTABLE & COMPANY LTD., 1949. 
PP. 55.1 - 63.17 (1-9) (KNYVETT)

SAMPLE 2:

HARLEY, BRILLIANA.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
LETTERS OF THE LADY BRILLIANA HARLEY,
WIFE OF SIR ROBERT HARLEY, OF BRAMPTON
BRYAN, KNIGHT OF THE BATH.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, LVIII.
ED. T. T. LEWIS.
LONDON, 1854.  
PP. 1.1 - 6.7 (1-7) (HARLEY)^]

[^SAMPLE 3:

PASTON, WILLIAM.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE CORRESPONDENCE OF LADY KATHERINE
PASTON, 1603-1627.
NORFOLK RECORD SOCIETY, XIV.
ED. R. HUGHEY.
NORWICH: NORFOLK RECORD SOCIETY, 1941.
PP. 64.25 - 65.9  (32) (WPASTON2)
P.  76.21 - 76.42 (48)

PASTON, KATHERINE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 65.10 - 66.10 (33) (KPASTON)
P.  77.1  - 77.26 (49)

SAMPLE 4:

FERRAR, NICHOLAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE FERRAR PAPERS, CONTAINING A LIFE
OF NICHOLAS FERRAR, THE WINDING-SHEET 
(AN ASCETIC DIALOGUE), A COLLECTION
OF SHORT MORAL HISTORIES, A SELECTION
OF FAMILY LETTERS.
ED. B. BLACKSTONE.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1938.
P. 243.14 - 243.30 (5) (NFERRAR)

FERRAR, RICHARD.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
P. 278.1 - 278.24 (29) (RFERRAR)^]

[^SAMPLE 5:

BARRINGTON, JOHN.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
BARRINGTON FAMILY LETTERS, 1628-1632.
CAMDEN FOURTH SERIES, 28.
ED. A. SEARLE.
LONDON, 1983.
PP. 76.7  - 77.6  (46) (JBARRING)
P.  79.9  - 79.35 (50)
PP. 96.31 - 97.13 (71)

MASHAM, ELIZABETH.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 78.15 - 79.8 (49) (MASHAM)
PP. 92.1  - 93.4 (65)

BARRINGTON, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
P. 116.1 - 117.2 (94) (TBARRING)
           
EVERARD, JOAN.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
P.  58.1   - 58.20  (31) (EVERARD)
PP. 100.14 - 101.2  (76)
P.  115.17 - 115.33 (93)^]

[^SAMPLE 6:

PROUD, MARY.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE OXINDEN LETTERS 1607-1642.
BEING THE CORRESPONDENCE OF HENRY OXINDEN 
OF BARHAM AND HIS CIRCLE.
ED. D. GARDINER.
LONDON: CONSTABLE & CO. LTD., 1933. 
P. 28.11 - 29.30 (22) (PROUD)

PETTIT, VALENTINE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem. 
PP. 13.9 - 14.27 (8-9) (PETTIT)

OXINDEN, RICHARD.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
P.  26.4  - 26.29 (20) (ROXINDEN)
PP. 29.31 - 30.20 (23)

OXINDEN, KATHERINE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
P. 92.1 - 92.21 (76) (KOXINDEN)

PEYTON, MARY.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
P. 87.1 - 87.37 (71) (PEYTON)^]

[^SAMPLE 7:

GAWDY, PHILIP.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
LETTERS OF PHILIP GAWDY OF WEST HARLING,
NORFOLK, AND OF LONDON TO VARIOUS MEMBERS
OF HIS FAMILY, 1579-1616.
ED. I. H. JEAYES.
LONDON: J. B. NICHOLS AND SONS, 1906. 
PP. 24.18 - 27.5 (GAWDY)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 55>
[} [\1\] }]
   Sweet Harte I haue sent by this bearer fourteen woodcockes   #
and a brace
of feasants which came to me by chance very fortunately. If     #
you will,
you may send them to my Lady Knyvett, which if you doe, I pray  #
lett
this bearer cary them and remember my humble servis to my Lor:  #
and
Lady. I came home on friday nighte betimes sumwhat wery, but    #
nowe
am very well and doe hope to see the this weeke if it be        #
possible. I
pray remember my servis to S=r= Tho: Holland and my Lady. So my
deerest affection to thyselfe; I commit the to the protection   #
of the Almighty
god and rest

Thy deerest Loving Husband
Thomas Knyvet[{t{] .

Ashwell Thorpe
Ma: 18: 1620.
Eares remembreth his servis you and all the rest.
[\Address:\] To his deerest loving wife m=is= Knyvett at Lady   #
Pewe give
these. Westminster.


[} [\2\] }]
   My deere Harte
the cause of my not writing to thee the last week was becaus I  #
thought
to haue been at home with the before my letter, and therfore I  #
cannot chose
but condemne y=r= to rashe censure of my forgettfullnes; which  #
although
it proceeds from y=r= infinite love, yet the assuered           #
testimonies of my
affection to you haue bene such as showld rather have layd the  #
fault
vpon something else, for I protest to god I love nothing but    #
onely thee,
and so rest assuered. For my busines, if I had not come vp      #
when I did
I thinke I had lost my mony, for certainely my Lo: mayor        #
meanes to
breake assoone as his yeare comes out, but I thanke god, I      #
have got good
securitie for my mony, and assoon as ever all things be         #
finished betwixt
<P 56>
vs I wilbe with the, god willing, the next day, which wilbe, I  #
hope the
next weeke. Till when and ever I rest

Thy loving husband
who loves the more
then his owne life
Tho: Knyvett.
Houborn, Oct. 9.
1621.

   For newes the Kings Chappell at Whithall is curiously        #
painted and all the
images newe made and a silver crusifix amaking to hange         #
therin, against
the spannish Ladys coming, and my Lady Digby is providing to    #
go to
fetch her. My Lo: Chamberlaine thay say shalbe sent in to       #
Irland to
call a parlament, and in his absens my Lo: Digby shalbe put in  #
his place.
This newes you must not be to bould to report, but it is        #
certainely reported
to be true. Remember my servis to my Aunt Bell and pray god     #
Bless
littel Pudd and vs all Amen.

[\Address:\] To his deerest loving wife m=is= Knyvett at        #
Ashwell Thorpe
give these.
Norffolke.


[} [\3\] }]

   Sweet harte I am forst yet to send the shaddowe of my        #
selfe, the true
affection of a substance that loves you aboue all the world.    #
My busines
I hope wilbe effectually dispatcht presently and god willing I  #
will be
with the before you are aware. I haue been to look for stufe    #
for y=r=
bedde and haue sent downe paternes for you to choose which you  #
like
best. Thay are the neerest to the patourne that wee can finde.  #
If you
lack anything accept [\sic\] my company you are to blame not    #
to lett me
knowe of it, for my selfe being only yours the rest doe         #
followe. Thus in
hast Intreating the to be merry and the more merry to think     #
thou hast
<P 57>
him in thy armes that had rather be with you then in any place  #
vnder
heaven; and so I rest

Thy dear loving
husband for ever
Tho: Knyvett.

Houborn 26
Nove: 1621.

[\Address:\] To his deerest loving wife m=is= Knyvett at        #
Ashwell Thorp
give these.
Leave this at Windham to be sent as aforesaide.


[} [\4\] }]
   Sweet harte my entire love remembred vnto the. It is no      #
litle joy to
me to heere of thy wellfare, and our children. I pray god       #
continue it.
I doe purpose god willing to be with the on saturday nighte. My
busines with Jones falls out still vntowardly, ther being a     #
compacte of
knavery amongst them to defraud the creditors but I hope to     #
prevaile
for my mony notwithstanding in a short time. I haue made        #
inquiry of
the land of Starbourg, and haue spoken with Beareblock, which   #
M=r=.
Seriant Richardson did take very ill, fearing least I had made  #
an agreement
with him for his statute, which I would to god I had. I cannot
tell yett how we shall agree but as neere as I can I will       #
deale to our best
advantage. My Lo: Knyvett lyes very weake still but thay that   #
are
about him saith he is much better since sunday then he was,     #
which god
increas and, if it be his will, restore him to his former       #
health againe to
our comforts. Y=r= gowne and things are a making, but will not  #
be done
against whittsunday, which fault I must confess I deserue to    #
be chidden
for, but I hope it wilbe but gentill when I come home. All      #
y=e= weare at
court is plaine white aprons, among the great Ladys.
   Thus deer harte commending vs both and all ours to the       #
protection of
Almighty god I rest

Thy assuered loving husband till
death
Tho: Knyvett.

June 4. 1622.

Commend me to my playfellowe and tell her that wascoats are     #
quite
out of fashion.

[\Address:\] To his most loving and deer wife m=is= Knyvett at  #
Ashwell
Thorpe, give these.
Leave this at Windham to be sent as before.

<P 58>
[} [\5\] }]
   My deerest harte,
   
   I received thy kinde letter, and returne the as true love    #
and affection
as can lodge in the hart of mortallitye. I thanke god I got     #
safe to London
on saturday the fornoone, and am very kindely intertaind of my  #
cousin
Knyvett and his wife with good cheer and good Lodging. I might  #
have
stayd my Journy a while longer if I had knowne it, for my       #
cousin and
my selfe going to the steward of Lambeth, we found that by      #
Judds and
my vncles vnderhand dealing, the Jury haue given in ther        #
verdict and
found my vncle heier to the moitye, but as yet he is not        #
admitted,
and the steward hath promised vs that he shall not be admitted  #
till a
certaine time be past which we desirde. It is like to prove a   #
very troublesome
busines, if we doe not agree quickly, but my cosin is absolute  #
of the
opinion that my cousin Abrahall shall not recover against me.   #
I am
going this afternoone to m=is=. Hamden. I doe purpose to see    #
y=r= mother
also. My Journy into Spaine is stayd, for the neewes heer is    #
that the
Prince is comeing home with all speed, and this is certaine     #
that 2 shipps
with horsses and Tilting provision are sent after and stayd.    #
Some say the
Prince is alredye married, other say noe. It is sayd that the   #
Queen of
Bohemia is in a pitifull case, almost distracted sinc the       #
Princes going
over. I pray god comfort her. Thus praying god to Bless the     #
and thy
houshould, commending my servis to my Aunt Bell, I rest

Thy most true loving husband till death
Tho: Knyvett.

Chancery Lane
April 23. 1623.
I have sent you my key of my closett which I forgott, and I     #
pray looke
for 2 letters which my cousin Abrahall writ, one to my selfe    #
and the
other to my cousin Knyvett, and send them to me.
 
[\Address:\] To his most assuered loving wife m=is= Knyvett at  #
Hapton give these.
Leave this at Robert Dyes of Wimonham to be sent according
to the direction.
Norfolke.

<P 59>
[} [\6\] }]
   Sweet harte
   in great hast I commend my best love to the. I haue stayd    #
till I feare
the post showld be gone for things to send you, but I cannot    #
gett them
to send this weeke, but the next week you shalbe suer of them.  #
I am
going presently to y=r= mother, whoe is going to morrowe        #
morning to the
Bathe. I heear say Anthony Knyvett is with you. I pray send     #
him vp
with all speed, for ther is one busines which he must doe       #
before I can
come downe; it is about y=r= wardshipp which if it be not       #
lookt after may
turne vs to a great deale of trouble and charge. I have had 2   #
meetings
with my vncle but what shalbe done yet I knowe not because my   #
cosin
Abrahall is not in towne. I pray tell Gorge Keeper I would      #
have him
sell the wood in middle woode to the best advantage, according  #
as he writt 
me worde. I am glade to heer of the kinde Answeare of my        #
mother. For
Clarkes kine I pray if thay be good, take them, and he and I    #
will reckone
for them at my retourne. I pray send mony for the horss to      #
Horsnell.
I have sent you with this letter 12 ounz. of counterfeite ose;  #
if thay be
not of the right sise I can have them changd. Send me word      #
which
of the twist you will have of. Thus in hast commend my respect  #
to
my Aunte Bell, I rest

Y=r= most true loving husband
Tho: Knyvett.

[\May 1623\]
[\Address:\] To his True loving wife m=is= Knyvett att Hapton,  #
give these.
Leave this letter at Robert Dyes of Windham to be sent.


[} [\7\] }]
   My deere harte, I cannot forgett the obligation that I am    #
bound in to the,
that is to write to thee, which is the beste expression of my   #
true affection
that I can afoorde thee in my absence. I have seen my mother,   #
who
I thanke her have yeelded me more respecte then she haue vsed   #
to doe. I
hope in god time will wear out all vnkindnes. I was also to     #
see y=r= mother
whoe it pleasd not to give me a sighte of her, but it was       #
happines inoughe
for me to convers with y=r= sister Drury, who talkt at a        #
strange rate, but
<P 60>
I had temper to heer her and so parted vpon fayer termes,       #
onely wishing
them a happy retourne, hopeing the Bath water would coole ther  #
bloods.
The onely happy newes that I can send you of y=r= kindred is    #
that y=r=
cousine Bourh is lately come over with great honor. He was the  #
last
sunday at Greenweech with the Kinge, who conferd the honor of   #
Knightwood 
[\sic\] vpon him, but what eles he haue done I doe not heer. I  #
hope
to make an end of all my busines this weeke, and to be with     #
thee the next.
I haue sent divers things heer in a bundle, some for you and    #
some for
my Aunte Bell. I hope I have pleasd you that I may have more    #
of y=r=
costome. The rest of y=r= bill is makeing redy and also my      #
sweetharts
wascote. In the meane time pray her to accepte of that peece    #
of burdseye
to make a rufe of, falling round with a litle sett, not to      #
deepe is all the
fashion. I have no skill in buing of lace, therfore I hope she  #
will pardon
me. I cannot match my Aunts purles in all the towne, but I      #
will have
some for her if thay be to be got.
   I did y=r= messuage to m=r= Towesend, who is grown so        #
brisk, as no
grownd can hould him. Y=r= Nurss Keeper will be redy to wayte   #
on you
at the time appointed. S=r= Francis Lee and S=r= Phillippe      #
Cary are harde
at it for that wich was truly meante to thee and me, but (gods  #
will be done)
I hope he hath in store for vs sufficient. I have no more to    #
say, but my
everlasting love rest with thee, and that love that makes me    #
but halfe my
selfe till I be with the, and thus praying for a blessing for   #
thine and mine
I rest 

Thy most faythfull loving husband
Tho: Knyvett.
[\5-11 May 1623\]

   I praye remember my servis to my Aunte Bell and tell her     #
for Neewes
that shee must provide clouts, for ther is hopefull Issue       #
towards at the
Tower.
   I have a man preferrd to me by my cosin Knyvett who is very  #
servisable
fellowe, and a very good Taylor both for men and weomen. If     #
you will,
I will take him, but then I would haue you put away Browne      #
alias Griffin
my man. I pray send me word what you thinke of it.
  
[\Address:\] To his deerly beeloved wife M=is= Kynvett at       #
Hapton give these, 
Norfolke.
Leave this letter at Windham, at Robert Dyes to be sent
accordin[{g{]ly.

<P 61>
[} [\8\] }]
   Sweet
Harte (thankes be god) we are come safe to London And I am      #
very sory
I came no sooner to have heard the cause between S=r= Phillipp  #
Carye
and S=r= Fra: Lee, which began on thursday last and held till   #
saturday, and
it is ordred very well for S=r= Phillipp, for the land is to    #
be devided between
the chilldren, whether it be a match or no. S=r= Fran: is not   #
so much 
deiected as cast downe, and swears he will never goe to Lawe    #
againe.
James Pepper and olde Doll have browght m=is= Hambden into a    #
faier
case for shee is like to loose Stanwell presently. She hath     #
caried her
selfe very partially in this busines, for which she will goe    #
neere to smart,
for she hath lost S=r= Phillipp Cary, and he doth propose to    #
prosequte her
lease presently. Little Cromwell hath lost his parte cleane.    #
My Lady
Knyvetts will was cald in open court Paddyes will, and was      #
almost
proved so. I could tell thee howe S=r= Francis, the night       #
before the
heering, made a great feast for his councell, and ther the      #
busines was
debated, and ther it went cleerly of S=r= Fr: his side, S=r=    #
Randoll Crewe
being Judge, but the next day the case was altered. Thus we     #
see what
wrangling ther is for the things of this world, which, if god   #
had seen good
for vs, might have been ours, but his will be done. Oh god      #
sweet harte
heer fell out on sunday last the lamentablest accident that     #
ever was
heard of, at the French Embassadors house in Blacke Friers, a   #
great
<P 62>
number of Papist being at masse and to heer a sermon preched    #
by an
english Jesuite whose name was Wrighte. In the midst of his     #
sermon the
house fell downe and slewe aboue a 100 persons in the place,    #
besides a
great manye that weare mained [\sic\] , and some dead since.    #
The Preest
that preached was beaten all in peeces. Ther wear divers of     #
good worth
in the house, but we cannot heer certainely what thay weare,    #
onely 2 Ladyes,
one the Lady Webbe and the Lady Hutton. Doctor Moore, a         #
Phisition,
a great Papist was slaine ther. It was a most fearefull         #
Judgment of god. 
God of his mercy give vs grace to make good vse of it. Yet for  #
all this
the papists gives out that it was a plotte of the puritanes, so #
insible [\sic\]
are thay of the heinous offence committed against our good      #
god, but suer
I am it will be a great blowe to the Catholicke cause, for      #
many that wear
that way affected are stricken with a great amazement. Ther     #
wear divers
that went onely to heare and see the manner of it, of which     #
some escaped,
that wear perswaded to goe heer the sermon, because it was in   #
english.
His text was out of St. Math: Thou shalt not come out thenc     #
till thou
hast payde the vttermost farthing. So much for this fearfull    #
accident.
   For other newes I can tell you y=r= Nephewe Brooke is        #
married to a fine
gentlewoman, my Lo: Dacres his sister, but what portion I       #
cannot tell.
Y=r= sister Drury hath recovered 100=l= (\per ann:\) and        #
400=l= in mony out of
her husbands estate. Y=r= 2 Neeces m=is= Carr and lusty Bess    #
hath recovered
one 3000=l=, and the other 2000=l=, but from whome I cannot     #
tell. These
are strange things, and I would have you wonder at them the     #
more because
thay be very true. Thus wishing all happines to thee and thine  #
I rest

Thy faithfull loving Husband
Tho: Knyvett.

   Commend my servis to my much honored widdowe and tell her I  #
make
as much hast as possibly I can home.
   My tenants of Staines and I haue triall this day with S=r=   #
Henry Spiller.
God send vs good Luck.
   M=is= Hamden and my cosin Tho: Knyvett are mightyty [\sic\]  #
falne out by
James Peppers meanes and Doll by whom she is to much ruled as   #
all her
freinds say.
[\27 Oct-2 Nov. 1623\]

   I pray make Kate looke in all the littel pocketts of my      #
breeches for my
silver seale and send it me for a token.

[\Address:\] To his most deer & loving wife m=is= Knyvett at    #
Hapton give these.
Leaue this at Wyndhame to be conveyed as aboue.

<P 63>
[} [\9\] }]

   Sweet harte I am very gladde to heare of all y=r= good       #
healths. I thanke
god my busines goes on resonably well. My cosin Knyvett is so   #
delatorye
otherwise I showld soone have beene at home againe, but I hope  #
to be
with the about Saturday come senight at the furthest. Heer is   #
no neewes
worth the sending. I tould my cosin Hunne of my Auntes desire   #
and he
says he saith he hath not spoken with Pettus yet. I pray send   #
me word
whether Bishoppe hath payde the monye or no. I would not have   #
that
mony payde which Kinge writ for vntill I knowe whether it be    #
due or
on [\sic\] . I am in great hast, therfore I can not write so    #
much as I would.
Wherfore praying to our good god to blesse vs and all our       #
actions, I rest,

Thy true loving husband
Tho: Knyvett.

[\? 1623\]
   I pray remember my due respecte to my widdowe and as duty    #
bindes me
my servis to my brace of virgins.

[\Address:\] To his most assuered loving wife m=is= Knyvett at  #
Hapton give
these.
Leave this letter at Windham to be sent.


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E2 XX CORP HARLEY>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A HARLEY BRILLIANA>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 1>
[}TO MY DEARE HUSBAND S=R= ROBART HARLEY, KNIGHT OF THE         #
BATHE.}]

   S=r= - Docter Barker has put my sister into a cours of       #
ientell fisek,
which I hope by God's bllsing will doo her much good. My sister
giues you thankes for seending him to her. I pray you remember
that I recken the days you are away; and I hope you are nowe
well at Heariford, wheare it may be, this letter will put you   #
in minde
of me, and let you knowe, all your frinds heare are well; and   #
all
the nwes I can seend you is, that my Lo. Brooke is nowe at      #
Beaethams
Court. My hope is to see you heare this day senet, or
to-morrowe senet, and I pray God giue vs a happy meeting, and
presarfe you safe; which will be the great comfort of

Your most true affectionat wife, Brilliana Harley

(^Ragly: the 30 of Sep. 1625.^)


[}TO MY DEARE HOUSBAND S=R= ROBART HARLEY, KNIGHT, IN           #
BLACKFRIERS,
AT MY LO. LEWSONS HOWES.}]

   Deare S=r= - I thanke you for your letter which you sent me  #
from
Tuddington: which gaue me satisfaction of your being well, so   #
fare
on your journey: which ascurance of your health is the beest    #
nwes
<P 2>
I can heare, except that of your comeing home. I ernestly       #
desire
to heare howe you came to Loundon; and doo thinke your men stay
longe: but I hope they will bringe me good nwes of you, and     #
then
I shall be well pleased. Ned, I thanke God, is very well, and   #
you
will beleeve me, if I say he looses non of his grandfather      #
loue, whoo
is better than you leeft him. And no more to you at this time;  #
but
I beceache the Allmighty presarue you, and giue you happy       #
meeting
with
Your most faithfull affectionat wife, Brilliana Harley.

(^Brompton, the 10th of Phe. 1625.^)


[}TO MY DEARE HOUSBAND S=R= ROBART HARLEY, KNIGHT.}]

   S=r= - I thanke you for sending me word, I may hope to see   #
you at
Easter, which time will be much longed for by me. I hope the    #
parlament
has spent as much time as will satisfy them in dooing nothing:
so that nowe some good frute of theare meeting will be brought  #
to
ripnes, which is the effect of our prayers. This day I          #
deleverd the
+L 100 to my father: which he has payed to Mr. Davis: that mony
that was wanting of it, was made vp with the +L 50 pounde Mr.
Lacy payed for wood. The payling of the nwe parke is made an
end of. Yesterday your company only was at Heariford, to shewe
what they had lerned, whear Sr. Jhon Skidemore and Mr. Vahan
weare judges; and so they meane to be of the reest of the       #
companis,
and they haue apointed teen of your company to learne the vse   #
of
theiare armes and so to teache the reest. This last night I     #
not being
very well, made me seend this day for the midwife, which I      #
thinke
I should haue defered to longe. I asure myself I haue your      #
prayers,
becaus you haue so great a part of mine: and I blls God that    #
you
injoy your health, which I beeg of you to take care of. I       #
thanke
God, Ned is well, and I beeg your bllsing for him: and I pray   #
God
preserue you well and giue you a happy and speedy meeting with

Your most faithful affectionat wife, Brilliana Harley.
<P 3>
I pray you present my humbell duty to my father, and my lady.
My cosen Thomkins remembers her loue to you.

(^Brompton, the 17 of Mar. 1625.^)


[}TO MY DEARE HUSBAND S=R= ROBERT HARLEY.}]

   Deare S=r= - Your two leters, on from Hearifort and the      #
other
from Gloster, weare uery wellcome to me: and if you knwe howe
gladly I reseaue your leters, I beleeue you would neeuer let    #
any
opertunity pase. I hope your cloche did you saruis betwne       #
Gloster
and my brother Brays, for with vs it was a very rainy day, but  #
this
day has bine very dry and warme, and so I hope it was with you;
and to-morowe I hope you will be well at your journis end,      #
wheare
I wisch my self to bide you wellcome home. You see howe my
thoughts goo with you: and as you haue many of mine, so let me
haue some of yours. Beleeue me, I thinke I neuer miste you more
then nowe I doo, or ells I haue forgoot what is past. I thanke
God, Ned and Robin are well; and Ned askes every day wheare you
are, and he says you will come to-morowe. My father is well,    #
but
goos not abrode, becaus of his fiseke. I haue sent you vp a     #
litell
hamper, in which is the box with the ryteings and boouckes you
bide me send vp, with the other things, sowed up in a clothe,   #
in the
botome of the hamper. I haue sent you a partriche pye, which    #
has
the two pea chikeins in it, and a litell runlet of meathe,      #
that which
I toold you I made for my father. I thinke within this muthe,   #
it
will be very good drinke. I sende it vp nowe becaus I thinke    #
carage
when it is ready to drincke dous it hurt; thearefore, and       #
please you to
let it rest and then taste it; if it be good, I pray you let    #
my father
haue it, because he spake to me for such meathe. I will nowe    #
bide
you god night, for it is past a leauen a cloke. I pray God      #
presarue
you and giue you good sugsess in all your biusnes, and a speady #
and
happy meeting.

Your most faithfull affectinat wife, Brilliana Harley.
<P 4>
I must beeg your bllsing for Ned and Rob. and present you with
Neds humbell duty.

(^Bromton, the 5 of October, 1627.^)


[}TO MY DEARE HUSBAND S=R= ROBERT HARLEY, KNIGHT.}]

   My deare S=r= - I ame glad of this opertuenity to present    #
you
with the remembranc of my deare loue. I hope you came well to
Bristo; and I much longe to heare from you, but more a
thousand times to see you, which I presume you will not         #
beleeue,
becaus you cannot poscibilly measure my loue. I thanke God your
father is well, and so are your three soons. Ned presents his   #
humbell
duty to you, and I beeg you bllsing for them all; and I pray
God giue you a happy and speady meeting with

Your most affectinat wife, Brill. Harley.

   If I thought it would hasten your comeing home, I would      #
intreat
you to doo soo.
   I pray you remember me to Mr. Pirson. I thanke God all at    #
his
howes are well.

(^Bromton, the 7th, 1628.^)


[}TO MY DEARE HUSBAND S=R= ROBERT HARLEY, KNIGHT.}]

   My deare S=r= - I thanke you for your letter, which I        #
reseaued
this weake by the carrier, and I thanke God for my father's     #
health.
I trust in our good God, in his owne good time, he will giue a  #
happy
end to your biusness. I haue rwitten a letter to my father,     #
which
I send you heare inclosed. If you thinke it will not displeas   #
him,
and it may any thinge at all seet forward  your biusnes, I      #
pray you
deleuer it to him. If you do deleuer it to my father, I pray    #
you
seale it first. Allas! my deare S=r=, I knowe you doo not to    #
the
on halfe of my desires, desire to see me, that loues you more   #
then
any earthly thinge. I should be glad if you would but rwite me
<P 5>
word, when I should hope to see you. Need has bine euer sence
Sunday trubled with the rume in his fase very much.
The swelling of his face made him very dull; but nowe, I        #
thanke God,
he is better, and begins to be merry. He inquires for Jhon      #
Walls
comeing downe: for he thinkes he will bringe him a letter. I    #
must
desire you to send me downe a littell Bibell for him. He would  #
not
let me be in peace, tell I promised him to send for on. He      #
begings nowe
to delight in reading: and that is the booke I would haue him
place his delight in. Tom has still a greate coold; but he is   #
not, I
thanke God, sike with it. Brill and Robin, I thanke God, are    #
well;
and Brill has two teethe. Ned presents his humble duty to you,
and I beeg your bllsing for them all: and I beceach the         #
Allmighty
to prosper you all you doo, and to giue you a happy meeting     #
with

   Your most faithfull affectinat wife, Brilliana Harley.

   I pray you, S=r=, send downe no silke grogram. I hope you    #
haue
reseuefed the siluer candell-stike.
   Your father, I thanke God, is much better than he was. I     #
pray
you, S=r=, present my beest loue to my sister Wacke.

(^Desem 4 1629.^)


[}TO MY DEARE HUSBAND S=R= ROBERT HARLEY, KNIGHT, AT HIS HOWES  #
IN
ALLDERMANBERY.}]

   My dearest S=r= - Your men came to Bromton on thursday last.
I thanke God that you haue your halth. I hope the Lord will
giue vs bothe faith to waite vpon him; and I trust that in his
mercy he will give a good end to your biusnes. It pleases God
that I continue ill with my coold, but it is, as they say, a    #
nwe disceas:
it trubelles me much, more becaus of my being with childe;
but I hope the Lord will deale in mercy with me; and, deare     #
S=r=,
let me haue your prayers, for I haue need of them. Docter       #
Barker
is nowe with me. I thanke God the childeren are all well, and
Need and Robine are very glad of theire boose, and Ned is much
discontended that you come not downe. I beeg your bllssing for
<P 6>
them all, beceaching the Allmighty to presarue you, and to giue
you a joyefull and happy meeting with your

Most faithfull affectinat wife, Bril. Harley.

   I pray present my humbell duty to my father. This day theare
came a man from Ragley to feetche my cosen Hunkes to her        #
mother,
whoo is very sike.

(^Bromton, the 8 of May, 1630.^)


<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q E2 XX CORP WPASTON2>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A PASTON WILLIAM>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 64>
[} [\32\] }]
[} [\WILLIAM PASTON TO LADY KATHERINE PASTON\] }]

[\26 January 1624\]
To my most Deare and honored Mother,
The Right Worshipfull The Lady Paston att paston Hall.
May itt Speede

Most honored and Deare mother, The Lorde Be Thanked I haue had  #
my
health pretty well since I came hether. I am fainte to play     #
the Sirgion,
with my Tutors finger which was a pitteful one, But now I haue  #
Brought
itt to a fine passe, and is euen well. Deare mother I will      #
euer haue your
precepts in my minde puttinge them allwaies in practice, and I  #
hope iff I
obey them I shall still Keepe your accostomed Loue which, next  #
to the
grace of god, I esteeme aboue anie thinge. The Kinge is         #
expected heere
one Candlemas day or the day after. We heare no newes att all   #
this
weeke euery Saturday your Ladiship shall haue a Letter from me  #
or my
Tutor, if they doe not miscary By the carrier. This 26 day I    #
haue not
<P 65>
hearde from your Ladiship ruffes, standinge comons, (in         #
pottage)
amounteth to a penny a weeke. The master is very thankfull to   #
you
ffor your greate gift, Remembringe his hartiest sseruice to     #
your Ladiship
so with my humblest dutie,  to yovr sellfe, and my ffather,     #
Beseeching god
to showre downe his Blessings one you: and all your housholde.  #
I rest
your Dutifull and obedient sonne
Will: Paston
College Corpus Christy
Ian 26 day

Good mother Remember my Best Loue to my Brother: Cosin Abigall.
and mrs Willson. mr Brende:

<P 76>
[} [\48\] }]
[} [\WILLIAM PASTON TO LADY KATHERINE PASTON\] }]

[\22 February 1625\]

To my much Honored good mother
the Right Worshipfull the Lady Paston att Paston halle
Northfolke

Most deare and honored mother, you must giue me leaue To        #
Epitomise
my letter into A short Compendium for mr Dikes. hast will not   #
Suffer me
To Doe Anie otherwise. good mother my Tutor and I were att the  #
courtt
at newe markett yesterday wher we saw the prince the Duke and   #
mane
other noble men, But not, the Kinge By Reson he was not well.   #
God's
name Be praysed we are all verie well. onely Tom: Hartston      #
contineweth
after the olde sorte haueinge no vse of his hande. He is still  #
in the Towne.
mr Dike is the Lord Lepingtons chaplen Good mother I Remember   #
my
humles Dutie to my father your selfe my loue to my Brother my   #
Chozen
Abigail mrs Wilson prayinge to god almitie to protecte you now  #
and euer
and Reste if ther be no oranges att Norwich if your Ladiship    #
will sende
in your next letter we will sende some by Iohnson:
your filliallay obediente sonne
William Paston

Cambridge
(^Corpus Christi College^)
xxii feb
1624-5

<Q E2 XX CORP KPASTON>
<N LET TO SON>
<A PASTON KATHERINE>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 65>
[} [\33\] }]
[} [\LADY KATHERINE PASTON TO WILLIAM PASTON\] }]

[\January 1624?\]

To my beloued William paston
these be deliuered at Cambridge

My good Child the [{Lo{]rd blese the ever more in all thy       #
goinges ovtt and
thy Cominges in. euen in all thy ways words and words, for his  #
mercy
sake: I was very glad to heer by your first letter that you     #
wer so saffly
arriued at your wished portt. but more glade to reade thy       #
Louinge
promises to parforme my desiers: which I hope in god shall      #
allways
redownd to thy cheefest good bothe for this, and the Liffe to   #
come. and
remember that now is the cheefest time to gayne the truest      #
good bothe for
sowll and body: your Cunditt of Comfort tells you: that: "the   #
seeds
which now in youth you sowe:" "springe vp and sprout increase   #
and
grow:" wherfore Labor to sowe:/ for your grownd is as the       #
tilled earthe,
if you sowe good seed, you shall reape a plentifull and         #
comfortable Crope:
but if it shold lie still with out good seed, it doth           #
naturally bringe forthe
noysom weeds:/ I coold wish that you wold settell your self to  #
certin
howers tasks euery day you rise: and those howld your self too  #
with out 
any wearines: the vse of it wold make it bothe easy and         #
pleasent to you:/
but it may be at the first it will seem Laborious to you: but   #
you must
remember. that the sonns of Adam wear borne to digge and        #
delue: euen
in the sweat of our browes:/ Likewis wisdom is not fownd but    #
is as hidden
treasuer. which must be digged for affter much scerch to finde  #
it out:/
this I thought good to put the in minde of. very[{ily{]         #
beleuinge thou wilt doe
this for my sake but more cheefly for thyn owne: that I may     #
receiv[{e{] the
from that plase adorned bothe with devine and humayne           #
Learninge to my
sowls comfort for nothinge in his Liffe can be so cordiall to   #
me as. shallbe
thy vertuous and Ciuill behavi[{or{] and now I thanke the for   #
thy kinde
token sent me in your first letter: and allso I haue received   #
two other
letters this last by Iohnsons. by whom I did not wright,        #
becawse this
mesenger will be with you sooner than he:/ in all which of thy  #
most
louinge letters I haue thy faythefull promises redubled.        #
wherfor I haue no
doupt of the parformanc of them seinge thay be allwas in thy    #
minde:/
Your father comende him to the and doe acsepet kindly of the    #
token you
sent him, he sends you this 10 s for a remembranc of his Love:  #
and ascept
<P 66>
of this other from me till a better com: your brother is very   #
well, and
have sent you a letter of his own indittinge as you may se.     #
but mr brend
was his clarke: he tells you all the newes is sturinge: I will  #
conclude as I
begane with my harty prayers to the allmighty for all true      #
hapines to be
mulltiplied to the bothe now and ever farwell my sweet will:    #
for this time:/
by thy louinge mother
Katherine Pason
remember my good respect to your worthy master:/ Linnicars'     #
watter
worke and his glasinge worke dothe very well: as may be:

<P 77>
[} [\49\] }]
[} [\LADY KATHERINE PASTON TO WILLIAM PASTON\] }]

[\Late February 1625\]

To my most beloued sonne William Paston
these I pray ye at Corpus Christ Colledge Cambridg
 
My good chilld the lord blese the ever:/ I was glad to heer by  #
Phillup
of thy good healthe and allso by mr Roberts letter to           #
vnderstand of thy
wellfare every way: the hope of the continuanc of which, dothe  #
still cheer
me every way:/ thy father haue bine very ill with his owld      #
truble in his
Legge so that he haue kepte his bede with it this 5: or  6:     #
days, but now
god be thanked it is on the mendinge hand but yett he can not   #
indure to
sitt vp:/ your brother and all good frindes heer are well, I    #
hope thow
doest keep good fiers. this cowld wether. for it is bothe       #
comfortable and
howlsum: heer haue bine much lose heerabout with these great    #
windes
and ill wether; diuers botts with wheat which was to be         #
deliuered for the
kinges provision at Yarmouth are sunke in the riuer, which is   #
the owners
lose and not the kings:/ I was sory to heere of tom harstons    #
beinge ill,
but hope well of his recouery: I did wright to the the last     #
satterday when
I had very littel time to say any thinge for hast: Commend me   #
very kindly
to good mr Roberts I doe not know whether he shall need a new   #
supply:
yett before our Lady: I will sende so soon as the wether        #
breake vp to
know how the squars goe in the mean time I pray god blese the   #
farwell
sweet harte to thy owne selfe:/ 
thy most louinge Mother
Katherine Pason
My Neec Knyvett hathe a yonge soone and is very well:/


<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q E2 XX CORP NFERRAR>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A FERRAR NICHOLAS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 243>
[} [\N. F. TO HIS MOTHER\] }]

My most deare mother
   Your good arrivall at Gidding I doubte not, which I
humbly beseech Almighty God may bee continued w=th=
all manner of prosperity this prayer all our freindes heere
meke with mee and remember there best loues respectiuely
unto your selfe and all youre - and this is all y=t= I haue
occasion to write unto you sauing farther to lett you know
y=t= none of the Oundell Waggoners are yet com to towne
not is it certaine when they will being at Beuersly fayre
yett there is some Expectation of thim this present day.
And soe agayne w=th= my most humblest prayers to Almighty
god for y=r= happines I rest

Your most bounden and obedient son
Nicholas Ferrar

<Q E2 XX CORP RFERRAR>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A FERRAR RICHARD>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 278>
[} [\RICHARD FERRAR TO HIS MOTHER\] }]

Most Deare Mother,
   beinge In that extremety of missery that I nowe am
falen Into, whether should I fly for succor but to the 
wombe that bare me. I doe desier you for Christ Iesus 
sake not to lett your pore Sonne to goe to a Iayle, there
to ly, dy and Rott:
   Even for my deare fathers sake I alsoe humbly crave
yours and my brothers helpe at this tyme or else I am for
euer lost. truly I am soe possessed w=th= extremity of greife
y=t= I knowe [{not{] what to write. but my missery makes
me capable to desier helpe and Realese, this is the first
tyme that I am vnfortunately falen Into the handes of
a Credittor One Thomas Sampson the debt is about fifty
poundes. and I cannot but hope that hee wilbe Reasonable.
The baylifs swere and damne themselves y=t= yf I cann satisfy
him noe other acction shall come against me but I shall
bee delivered safly at my lodging. I doe beseech you
Deare Mother lett me not bee a Newgate bird and soe for
ever to loose my liberty and fortunes.

Your distresfull pore Sonne
Richard Farrar


<S SAMPLE 5>

<Q E2 XX CORP JBARRING>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A BARRINGTON JOHN>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH OTHER>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 76>
[} [\46\] }]
[} [\JOHN BARRINGTON, 18 JULY, 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HIS MOTHER^] }]

Deare mother I am exceading sorrowfull that I have been
forced by reason of my longe sicknes to be so often             #
importunate to
request your favour in the releafe of my greate necessities,    #
wherby I
know I have beene very chargeable unto yow, without which love  #
of
yours so highlie shewed to mee I could not have imagined what I
should have done for my releafe all this time. I beseach yow    #
not to
esteame your love ill bestowed upon mee hearin; I trust in God  #
I shall
never give yow cause so to doe, but yow shall (God willing)     #
ever finde
mee willing to strive to desearve your love to my uttermost     #
power and
indeavour. I must indeade confess I was more then ordinarie     #
chargeable
unto yow latelie (being constrained therunto which I could not
avoide), in which respect I do understand yow are displeased    #
with
mee (which hath much troubled mee) but I do intreate yow if yow
have conceaved any distast against mee hearin that yow would be
pleased to remitt it, assuring yow I will carefully avoyde any  #
thinge
which I can thinke to be displeasing to yow.
   I do understand it is your pleasure to know of mee what      #
course I do
purpose to take when God shalbe pleased to inable mee with      #
strength
to goe abroode. I beseach you not to harbour any other          #
conceite then
that I am resolved to take such a lawfull course as shall be    #
both
pleasing to God and liking to your sealfe; this my desire, for  #
I delight
not in sullenes. But as yet I must with patience waight God     #
his pleasure
for my former strength, for as yet I have not nore dare beare   #
any
waight upon my hurte legg because the bone is not all come of   #
that is
to scale of. I only as yet goe with cruches now and then about  #
my
<P 77>
chamber. With the remembrance of my humble dutie I commend
yow to God his protection remayning
Your obedient sonn John Barrington

London, 18 July, 1629

[\Endorsed\] : To my honourable mother the lady Johanna
Barrington

<P 79>
[} [\50\] }]
[} [\JOHN BARRINGTON, 13 AUGUST 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HIS MOTHER^] }]

Deare mother May it please yow, since my last letter which I
desired Sir Francis Harris to deliver unto yow my bone which    #
was to
scale is (I thanck God) quite of and the wound allmost dried    #
upp, soe
that I hope I shall now be quickly able to goe abroade. I do    #
hope (God
willing) to gow for Swede and to have a company for that        #
service, but
as yet wee have noe absolute answeare of those condicions are   #
sent to
the king, which are carried thither by a Dutchman who is to be  #
our
collonell (if wee are agreed upon our condicions). I was        #
demanded
by a speciall frind if I would be one of the regiment, to       #
which I have
willingly agreed. As yet wee have no certaintie before wee      #
heare from
thence, which wee earnestlie expect. The chiefe ponts wee       #
stand upon
are for monie to be paid us heare to rayse our men; and for     #
the time
how long they will entertaine us, wee desire to make in our     #
condicions
that the king shalbe bound to keepe us in pay three yeares at   #
least.
They would pay us (as to some before) halfe our monie heare     #
and the
rest a month after our arrivall theare, for raysing our men,    #
but wee
hope to have all our monie heare to rayse and transport our     #
men,
which is 300=li= to each captain. A captain's meanes is good    #
theare
which is twentie five pounds a month, ten to a lieutenant, as   #
much to
an ensigne. I shall be wondrous willing to imbrace this         #
imployment if
wee can agree to have all our monie heare to rayse and          #
transport our
men, else wee cannot rayse them for want of monie. I beseach    #
yow
excuse my tediousness, with my humble duty remembred I commend
yow to the protection of the allmightie who I beseach to        #
prosper all
your affaires, and will ever rest
Your obedient sonn John Barrington

<P 96>
[} [\71\] }]
[} [\JOHN BARRINGTON, 10 OCTOBER 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HIS MOTHER^] }]

Deare mother May it please yow, since I last wroghte yow (I
thancke God) my legg is much stronger and doth daylie increase  #
in 
strength, insomuch that I am able to walke a staff reasonable
<P 97>
well, only my knee is not yet recovred, but I hope as strength  #
doth
come that will mende. As yet wee have receaved no newes of our
bussines in Swede but wee do dayly expect the comming of        #
Collonel
Knephusen from theance or else his sending hither; I hope wee   #
shall
have such contentment that wee may goe over to searve that      #
kinge
next springe, which I doe desire, and shall willingly imbrace   #
any
reasonable condicions for my parte. I doe not heare of any      #
newes
worth the wrighting at this time. Thus with my humble dutie     #
remembred, 
I commend yow to the tuition of the allmightie, resting
Your obedient son John Barrington

Westminster, 13th October, 1629

[\Endorsed\] : To my very good freind Mr Issac Ewer, servant to
the ladie Barrington, at Sir Gilbert Gerrard's in Harrow Hill 

<Q E2 XX CORP MASHAM>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A MASHAM ELIZABETH>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 78>
[} [\49\] }]
[} [\LADY ELIZABETH MASHAM, N. D., JULY? 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HER MOTHER^] }]

Deare mother I humbly thank you for the token you sent me.
The ladis at Lees were such abowt their necks with their        #
peticotes
and wastcotes. I went with my husband to Chelmsford and         #
Langlyes
and so did only supp at Lees. He went in his coatch because     #
Jug has
to goe gett hir a payer of bodis. I am glad my husband sent     #
you some
of your one cheries and that they cam at soe fitt a time to my  #
sister
Robert. My lady of Warwick sends all most evrye day for some,   #
and
this day she charged Jug Altham to goe to Hattfeeld and se a    #
baskettfull
well putt up for hir; and so Jug means to preserv some doble
cheries for my sister Garard. She preserved 2 pownd of single   #
cheries
for my sister before, but I know not whether she will have      #
them or no;
if she will not, I will. I am glad you liked my litle pulletts  #
I sent you,
I will gett some more fatt to send you. I had hoped to have     #
seen you
the next week, but my husband is so importuned by Colchester    #
men
to be there on Monday that it hinders my joyrnye because he     #
goeth in
his coatch, but when he coms back I hope to have liberty after  #
our
haye. I am very glad you have overcom your pashon and will see  #
Mr
Willyams. It will be to your grete honer to pass by ofencis,    #
and if we
consider how much God forgivs us we canot but forgive such as   #
ofend
us, especialy it being the condishon God maks to forgive us if  #
we
forgive others. He took noe unkindnes that I colde perceave     #
for your
not seing him, he did not speak a word of it tell I asked him.  #
He will
<P 79>
be very glad to atend you asoone as he can, but it willbe       #
longe first, by
reson of much busynes which he hath. Both he and we will not    #
sease
to pray daly for hapy being thare and your safe return when     #
the lord
shall se it fitt, to whose protectyon I comit you and ever rest
Your obedent daughter Elizabeth Masham

When I here from my brother Knightly you shall here.

[\Endorsed in hand of Sir William Masham\] : To my much
honoured mother the Lady Barington these

<P 92>
[} [\65\] }]
[} [\LADY ELIZABETH MASHAM, N.D., SUMMER/AUTUMN 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HER MOTHER^] }]

Deare mother I am wonderfull gladd that it pleaseth God to
give you your health soe well at Harrow. Mr Dike asked me when  #
I
woulde goe see my nue mother; I perseave Harow hath made you
younge againe. When you dare give us leave to think we are      #
clear we
shall be glad to se you. I thank God we hav had no more ill,    #
the boye
that had them went a brode againe within 2 or 3 dayes. The      #
measels
have bin in most placis abowte us, but thanks be to God I here  #
of none
that dye of them. It is a wonderfull thing to me to think the   #
lord
should lay his hand soe moderatly upon us in these times        #
wherein we
soe much increse in disobedenc to him, and wherin all sorts of  #
sin soe
much abowndeth; but he is a God of longe suffering, yet he      #
will be a
consuming God allsoe to all such as sett lite by his smaller    #
tryalls and
be not broute neerer to him therby. I hope yet you will not     #
forgett
Hatfeeld; the lord is able longe to continue that strenhth and  #
health
ther which you have got at Harow and I hope he will doe soe. I
shall-be gladd to fetch you. [\TEN LINES ILLEGIBLE\]
   ... that all the distempers of our bodys, which must need    #
be many
while we live here, may be a means of the cureing the great
distempers of our soles, and may make us longe for that home    #
whare
all sorows shall have an end and we shall tryumph in joye and   #
glorye
for ever more. I looke evry day to here from my brother         #
Knightly. Jug
Altham longes much for hir cosin Johane Mewexe's company, if    #
you
please to give hir leave to come hither I will send for hir     #
and bringe
hir againe to you. I have inquired abowt Mr Acher and I         #
perseve he
will have none of hir; I pray if you send to my brother Mewix   #
let him
know so much. Yet his sister is come hether who he puts much
confidenc in; it may be if my neece ware here then she mite     #
win hir
love and she will work with hir brother. I like the gentleman   #
exceeding
well by site and discourse. I feare I may be tedius to you      #
therefore
with my humble duty I comend you to God and rest
Your dutyfull daughter Elizabeth Masham

I desire to be remembred to all my frends with you. Mr          #
Willyams is to
marye Mary Barnerd, Jug Altham's made. My husband remembers
<P 93>
his servic to you and his love to the rest. He is in the heate  #
of his
harvest.

[\Endorsed\] : To my much honoured mother the Lady Barrington
at Harrow Hill give these

<Q E2 XX CORP TBARRING>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A BARRINGTON THOMAS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 116>
[} [\94\] }]
[} [\SIR THOMAS BARRINGTON, 29 DECEMBER 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HIS MOTHER^] }]

Madame My first knowledg of this bearer's journye towards
you made me differ my intentions of sending purposely to you,   #
and by
him to present you with so much balsom as I could gett in       #
London,
which allthough it be not answarable in quantitye to my         #
desyres and
indevors, yet the qualytie may render som answarable            #
satisfaction,
haveing with som labor obtained it of a freind who hath made    #
greate
tryall of it; that which wants tharefore makes the worthe of    #
the
remaineder the greater. I wish and praye for a merrye new       #
yeear unto
you, and your safe and comfortable being emong us in it, and    #
so many
as God shall see best for us to enjoy such and so greate a      #
blessing. The
children of theire owne ernest desyre have presented you with   #
theire
owne, and that meearly so in matter and forme too, even to
my sonn Oliver who would not so much as have it lookt on till   #
he had
finished. You will please to thinke I would not perswade them   #
so much
to trouble you, but I was unwilling to discorage them in that   #
loveing
indevor which was so meearly spunn oute of theire owne good     #
natures.
My wife offers her dewtie and love to you, humblye desyreing    #
your
excuse for her not wrighting, for that in good truth her        #
present toyle
is verye greate.
   My brother Riche remembers you lovingly, who hath ben heear
theise two dayes oute of his love and upon a busines relateing  #
to my
neice Alltham which you shall know shortly, one Mr St. Johns    #
(but
it must yet not be imparted to anye because the success is
doubtfull). He is religious, honest, of sweetness in nature,    #
discreet, his
estate in land som 300=li= by the yeear, his practise I         #
beleive neear
double, handsom for person, probable to rise, my Lord           #
Bedford's only
favorite, who promises that nothing shall hinder it for         #
joyncture if his
estate will make it good. I thinke it's not to be slighted      #
considering his
present meanes are [{so{] competent by his prefession and       #
[{his{] likelyhood
to rise so greate, considring how he is befreinded. I desyre    #
to be
remembred, and so doe my wife and sisters, to owr brother       #
Gerard
and our sisters, and my neice and uncle, and cosen Brewster,    #
who I
assure me is now with you. And thus I kiss your hands and pray  #
to
God to bless you and us all and am allwayes
Your most dewtyfull and loving sonn
Thomas Barrington

Hatfield Broad Oak, December 29, 1629
<P 117>
[\Endorsed\] : To the honourable and my verie good mother       #
the 
Lady Johan Barrington 

<Q E2 XX CORP EVERARD>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A EVERARD JOAN>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 58>
[} [\31\] }]
[} [\JOAN EVERARD, 24 FEBRUARY 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HER MOTHER^] }]

Most deere mother Your great love and many favors to mee
maks me ashamed of my self that I can express my thankfullness  #
no
more. Good madam, Mr Everarde would have acquainted you with
this new newes when he was att Hatfeild, but knew not the       #
sertainty
of it nor had no letter that any such thinge was before         #
Tuesday with
senight, and then my Lord of Warwicke wright to his father and  #
the
pattent came dowen. My child has bene very ille againe which    #
maks
me fearfull to stir from hir but, and pleas God, if the         #
weather hold
faire, I purpose to come and se you the next weeke, and then    #
nurse
Mitchell shall see that there is littell hope of me as yet.     #
Thus beseching
your ladyship to remember my love to my sisters and brother, I
humbly take my leave and rest
Your most obeydient daughter to commande
Johan Everard

Langleyes, 24 February, 1628
I desire that you would be pleased to send Isac for me, if he   #
may be
spared, about the latter end of next weeke.

[\Endorsed\] : To hir Honourable mother the Lady Barrington     #
give 
these

<P 100>
[} [\76\] }]
[} [\LADY JOAN EVERARD, 10 NOVEMBER 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HER MOTHER^] }]

Most deere mother I thinke Essex to be a very solitarye place
now, beinge bard not only your companye but alsoe of hearinge   #
from
you so oft as I mighte doe when you were at Hattfilde. I        #
should be
very glad to wright offener, but that I know not which way to   #
send a
letter saife. It would much rejoyce me to here of your good     #
health this
winter, which I much disire and praye for. I thank God I and my
children are well. We have no good newes hear, but ill; Mr      #
Beard is
gone from us and we are left in a petifull condition and may    #
well say
with Johoshaphat, we know not what to doe but our eyes are      #
upon the
lord, for the means that we have is very pore and we have       #
litel hope of
any other. Thus desiringe your praers for us I ever remaine
Your most obeydient dauther Johan Everarde

November 10, 1629
My father and mother remember ther service unto you and all     #
your
good companye
<P 101>
[\Endorsed\] : To my honourable mother the Ladye Barrington
give these

<P 115>
[} [\93\] }]
[} [\LADY JOAN EVERARD, 25 DECEMBER 1629\] }]
[} [^TO HER MOTHER^] }]

Most deere mother I am very glade to heere so good newes,
that you have your health so well this winter; I praye God to   #
continue
it longe. I thanke God I and my children are very well now      #
againe,
ther was not any in the house that had the measels but they.    #
Good
mother I give you many thanks for your good counsel, I beseech  #
the
lord to give me a hart so to seeke him that I may be harde and  #
that I
may make a holy and sanctified  use of all his fatherly         #
chastisments,
knowinge that all things shall worke together for good to his   #
children.
I should be glad to hear when my sister Garard looks hir,       #
because of
nursh Michiel. I doe not looke me tell the begining of May.     #
Thus
desiringe you to pardon my rude lynes, I ever remaine
Your obedient daughter Johan Everard

Langleys, December 25, 1629
I desire to be remembred to my brother and sisters.

[\Endorsed\] : To my much honored mother the Ladye Barrington
senior give these


<S SAMPLE 6>

<Q E2 XX CORP PROUD>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A PROUD MARY>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 28>
[} [\XXII\] }]
[} [\MRS. MARY PROUD TO LADY SPRAKELING\] }]

<P 29>
Deare Mother,
   My humbell duty remembred. I have not had anny
Conveniant Ma [\MS. torn\] rell now to have wreten and now
he comes in such hast that I have scarse time to write.
   I have thes day hard from my husban that hee is well but
I have not sen hem this 7 monts nether shall thay come out
of the feld this wentar: my husban hath mad my Cosson
Esde [\Esday\] hes leftennent and hee hath mad on[{e{] M=s=a
brom hes Sarchant, a Canterbery man, heare is not anny
neues to writ of my lady Proud is brath abed of a dathar and
it tes ded and shee har selfe very likly to dy for in har Child
bed shee got the bloddy flexie which brought har very week
but now thanks be to God shee is well recouard. I desire to
be rembred to my sestar Oxenden and to my sestar Pettet
and to both ther husbans. So, weth my daly prayers to
god for your helth I rest
Your obedient darter
Mary Proud
[\Probably Autumn 1626\]

<Q E2 XX CORP PETTIT>
<N LET TO SON>
<A PETTIT VALENTINE>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 13>
[} [\VIII\] }]
[} [\VALENTINE PETTIT TO HENRY PETTIT\] }]

   Matt Henneker beeing unable and unfitt to serve your
tourne, and my wife beeing unwillinge that shee should com
home, eyther hither or to her fathers, (allthough wishing that
shee had beene fitt for your service, and that shee might have
continued with you for some yeares), hath provided for her
with M=ris= Eppes, who haveing now but one mayede and servant,
and desireth to have her as soone as possible may bee,
to the end that shee should not lose that service and be        #
unprovided,
purposeth to sende for her abowte Satterdaye next,
or Mondaye at the furthest; and beecause shee would not
have my daughter your wife to bee destitute of one to serve
her tourne, shee purposeth to send Matt Samsonn to bee in 
her steade for 3 weekes or a month, if your other mayde com
not in the meane time, which I thought fitt heereby to geive
you notice of, least if you had no knowledge heereof, it might
bee thought to bee over sodden - Thus praying god to bless
you and all yours, and to remember mee and my wife to my
Layde, your brother and Sister Oxenden, your wife and the
rest of our freindes, I commende you to God.
Your loving father
Val: Pettit
(^Daundelion the 26th of Aprill 1624^)

<P 14>
[} [\IX\] }]
[} [\SAME TO SAME\] }]
[^VALENTINE PETTIT TO HENRY PETTIT^]

(^To his loveing Sonne, M=r= Henry Pettit, at Denton, geve      #
theise
wi=th= speede.^)

Sonne,
   I thanke you for your Care and paines abowt enquireing
and provideing Sheepe for mee, I prey you continue your
purpose intended and see the butcher's Sheepe one Tuesdaye
next, and if you and your freinde do like of them and
the Peniworth, then I pray you buy them for mee, and the
money shall bee readye and bee paid for them when and 
wheare you shall appoint, and spare your Journey if I may
be assured how to do it. I wish it might bee at Sandwich
for the more ease, if hee like so of it.
   My daughter Henneker and her husband are now heere
and I thinke will sende for their Daughter tomorrow and so
my wife will sende to Goodenston for her, being somwhat
neere us then Denton, and the rather beecause there is no
neede of sendeing anie other to you from hence to bee in her
stead, as it seemeth. So with my harty salutations remembred
and my wives to your sellfe, your wife and the rest of our
freindes, I commende you to God and rest
Your loveing father
Val: Pettit
(^Daundelion this last
of Aprill 1624^)

<Q E2 XX CORP ROXINDEN>
<N LET TO SON>
<A OXINDEN RICHARD>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 26>
[} [\XX\] }]
[} [\RICHARD OXINDEN TO HIS SON HENRY\] }]

 ... [\Six lines at beginning of letter torn\] I have sent      #
v=ll= at
this time unto you which I thinke will be sufficient to         #
discharge
all your expence. You write unto mee that you doe
intende to come downe presently, and that your tutor will
come downe with you, whome I should bee very glad to see
heare, and I will have you to tell him from me that if it       #
please
him to take [{the paynes{] to come to us, he shall be as        #
hartely
wellcome as any frend we have livinge. I had thought to
have written unto him aboute it, but finding myself an ill
scribe I have left it undonne, hopinge that you have soe
carried youre selfe towards him but you can persuade more
with him than my letter could. I shall expect youre comminge
according to youre writinge. You may very easily
come down in too dayes. Youre best way is to come from
London to Gravesend by water, and from Gravesend you
may easily come to my house in halfe a day. Thus wishing
you to remember me unto your tutor and the rest of our
frends, I leave you to the protection of the Almightie,
Your lovinge father
Richard Oxinden
(^From Barham this
14th of June 1626^)

   To my very lovinge sonne, Mr. Henry Oxinden, at Corpus
Christi Collidge in Oxfoord, give this.

<P 29>
[} [\XXIII\] }]
[} [\RICHARD OXINDEN TO HENRY OXINDEN AT OXFORD\] }]

Sonne,
   I am very sorry to heare that you are sicke but I trust
[{God{] that he will restore you [{to{] your former health, how
<P 30>
soe ever I [{most{] earnestly desire that you will take the     #
visitation
patiently, submitting youre will to his that hath sent it.
   I [{do{] assure you that it shall be the greatest comfort    #
unto
me that may be to heare that you doe patiently and cheerefully
undergoe this that God hath layd upone you. Sonne, I
woold with all my heart have come unto you, if I did thinke I
could have donne you any good, but I am well assured that
youre tutor will doe as much for you as I could if I weare
with you. I have sent unto you Goodman Cooper, one
hoome I thinke you will well like of, and when he doth returne,
if that you doe desire that I should then come unto
you, I will doe it with all possible speed. I have sent some
money unto you by him, and your grandmother hath sent
you a token, and your mother hath sent you another, and
wee all do ioyne in prayer to God that it will please him to 
send you youre health agayne. Soe in hast I rest
Youer ever loveinge father
Richard Oxinden
(^From Barham this 7th
of July 1627^)

<Q E2 XX CORP KOXINDEN>
<N LET TO SON>
<A OXINDEN KATHERINE>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 92>
[} [\LXXVI\] }]
[} [\MRS. KATHERINE OXINDEN TO HENRY OXINDEN\] }]

Harri,
   I wold have you com too mee too nigth or tomorrow
be times for i heare by your ante proude that James is com
to Lundon too Dick, whether hee mene to go over or no i
know not hee sent to Keate for 30s which hee saide hee will
paie in agust be case hee saies you will send hem none an
becase i knowe not whether he had resented youres or no,
writing pervestly to her for it I bid her send it hem. She
haveng writ her letter an all reddi a letter came from your
ant proude that some spidie cores mith bee taken for which
cores i wold faine speake with you for i wold not have you
goe to Lundon. This in hast not knowing well what i have
writ. But when you com i will tel you, prey do not defer
time. This with my love to yourselfe an my dafter
I rest
Your loveing mother
Kathern Oxinden
(^May 23 1634^)

<Q E2 XX CORP PEYTON>
<N LET TO DAUGHTER>
<A PEYTON MARY>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 87>
[} [\LXXI\] }]
[} [\MARY, LADY PEYTON TO MRS. ANNE OXINDEN\] }]

Doughter Oxinden,
   Which title I must now give you, your brother hath
so weall satisfied me in your match that I wish you much joy
and hapines, and withall be carful that, whatsoever you doe,
to love honer and obey your housband in all things that is
fitting for a resonable creture. [{I{] will desir nothing that  #
is
unresonable, you know what I have sufferd yet God hath
de[{livered{] mee out of it, though with infinit afliction for
the time. I have had so [{much{] spech with your brother
conserning your father's wille and your portion, which he
would not beleeve till I showed him the will, he is now         #
confirmed
in it and says you shall have your dewe as soune as he
can; be sur of this you shall have it, though you stay som
tim for it, in the meantime let no respect be wanting to your
housband and his mother, with the rest of his frends, in this
you shall gain yourself a good reput and shew yourself a
vertuous wife whoes pris is not to be valued; as for the
bisines you writ to me about, I am ashamed I cannot doe it
for you, my housband siems to give me pour [\power\]
though I have no pour, he hath been so ill a housband of lat
that I never was so put to it to bring the wourld about as
now I am, besids he is to pay a gret deale of mony this next
terme, wher he will have it I know not; only this I am sur
he will suffer; his father delt most unworthylie with us,
which in[{forces{] me to doe what I would not.
   I think to be at London this next terme, wher I shalbe glad
to meete you, if not I desier to see hier. Your brother
houmfery remembers his service to you. So with my
prayers to God to bless you, I rest as ever
Your asured loving mother
Mary Peyton
(^February the 19th 1632^)


<S SAMPLE 7>

<Q E2 XX CORP GAWDY>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A GAWDY PHILIP>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 24>
[} [\TO HIS FATHER.\] }]

Sir,
   I receyved a note from you by my cosin Brampton meeting
him by chaunce vppon Wednesdaye at night laste past, when I
vnderstood that yow wold have certeyne trees to be sent downe.
The tyme was very short to have sent any downe by theise        #
carryars,
besides the weather was not apt for removing of trees the frost
falling out to be so great. My skill is small in making choyse  #
of
suche thinges neverthelesse I will vse all the cunning I have   #
to performe
<P 25>
the most dutifull service I maye. My Cosin Bramptyn hathe
directed mee to take the advise one that hathe very great good  #
skill,
besides some other that I do meane to make acquaynted with the
choyse of the best. I do hope to provide and make them ready
in good order agaynst next Thursday. I have allready sent yow
downe your foote clothe, Bourne S=r= Edward Cleres man had
charg of it. I have nowe sent you downe a cocke, ij payre of
gloves, ij dosen of poyntes, ij small bookes for a token, the   #
one of
them was gyven me that day that they rann at tilt. Divers of
them being gyven to most of the lordes, and gentlemen about the
Court, and one especially to the Quene. I was commanded w=th=   #
some
ij or iij more to wayte vnderneathe the Quene to be employed in
messages, wher it pleased her Ma=te= to vse me more gracyously  #
then I
deserved. My oncle told me of it that night comming to him, for
ij or iij of his men stood hard by in a standing. He was        #
wonderfully
well pleased therwith, w=ch= cold not be displeasing to me to   #
se
him any waye contented. It may be you may heare of it by some
other, for it was not private. It was ffriday at night before   #
the Quene
came to my Lo. Admyralles. Vppon Saterday was the running
at the tilt very well performed, thoughe not so full of         #
devises and
so riche as I have seene. My L. of Essex and my L. of           #
Cumberland
wer the cheife that ranne, M=r= Gresham was well commended
for the credit of Norff[{olk{] . Vppon Saterday at night her    #
Ma=ie=
lay at my L. Admiralles, and all Sondaye at his charge. Vppon
Mondaye she went to M=r= Seacreatoryes to dinner when in the
gallory before her going she knighted M=r= Jhon Pagington. That
night she cam to my Lo. Admiralls agayne, and dyned ther vppon
Tuesday. Vppon Tuesday at night she came to my L. Chaunclers
wher she hathe bene ever since. Her entertaynment hathe bene
very great ther bothe for her self and all her trayne, w=ch= a  #
number
of vs hathe very well tasted of. It is thought her Ma=tie=      #
will tarry
<P 26>
ther yet this Sevenight and hearafter at Whitehall. I have bene
very little from the court all this while, yet once a day I do  #
visitt
Chauncery lane wher I report to him according to his request
suche newes as the court affordethe. Amongst the rest of our
talke he knew my writing at this present, and willed me not to
forgett his very harty commendacions to your good self. Many
reasons doth leade me to follow him, and the least favor and
kyndnes dothe encorage me to do him all manner of service.
Ther be no shreifes as yet knowen nor wer not as yesternight
at eleven of the clocke at night, and comming home late was
the cause that my oncle Anthony Gavdy fayled of a letter.
Neither have I as yet found any messinger but the hedgehogg,    #
and
yet I have heard that the hedgehogg overran the hare, and so    #
the
carryar may overrun the post. I know not whether stale Newes
may offend his eares being so long a drawing towardes him. In
the meane tyme I wold have him know this, that his Mrs. is at   #
the
court and sending his commendacions, with yowr self and my
good Brother and his wyfe. She hathe heard nothing from him
she saythe but only touching musters, she dothe not a little
marvell at it. I excused him, and layde all the fault in his
secretary for thoughe he be suer, yet he is very slow. For      #
suche
thinges as my good sister wryteth for she shall receyve them    #
all
together with a letter the next tyme. I have  written to her    #
before
touching Sir Charles, and my Lady, and divers others letters. I
know not how they be delivered. Luke Woolmer hathe sent
downe all her things by Mrs. Tylney, I will send downe her
pipes and the rest as soon as I maye. M=r= Jermy is travelled
into a Damaske gowne, and followeth the courte day and night. I
have forgott what he called my oncle Anthony in Greeke but I
thinke he will harddly prove him shreife in English. I thanke   #
his
worshipp I fynde him very kynde to me, and his [\(sic)\]        #
continually
inquisityve of me what I heare of the pricking of the           #
shreifes. He
travelled to the sea and lyes alltogether at the ankor, if his  #
kable
be suer, he is like to do the better. My Lo. of Leycester is    #
expected
for, and some newes cam out of fflaunders very latly            #
yesternight,
but vnknowen to any but the best. Some letters hathe bene       #
intercepted
<P 27>
of late. The prince of Parma is come to Du[{n{]kerke but
vnknowen for what cause, suspected for no good to vs. As        #
yesterday
the Quene going into the gallery made an old knight, S=r= Lewes
Dyves. And thus with my very humble duty, etc. London this
xxiiij=th= of November. [\1587.\]



<B CEOFFIC2>
<Q E2 XX CORO RCECIL>
<N LET TO EDMONDES>
<A CECIL ROBERT>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SAMPLE 1:

CECIL, ROBERT.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE EDMONDES PAPERS. A SELECTION
FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR THOMAS
EDMONDES, ENVOY FROM QUEEN ELIZABETH
AT THE FRENCH COURT.
ED. G. G. BUTLER.
LONDON: J. B. NICHOLS AND SONS, 1913. 
PP. 303.1  - 304.23 (119) (RCECIL)
PP. 320.15 - 321.18 (125)

EDMONDES, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 393.1 - 396.5 (151) (EDMONDES)

ELIZABETH I.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 387.19  - 388.15 (148) (ELIZ)
PP. 400.124 - 403.29 (153)

SAMPLE 2:

CECIL, WILLIAM.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH
HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.
SECOND EDITION, VOL. III.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON: HARDING, TRIPHOOK, AND LEPARD, 1825.  
PP. 24.1 - 28.9 (226) (WCECIL)

TEXT:  A LETTER BY THE FELLOWS
OF TRINITY COLLEGE.
Idem.
PP. 32.1 - 34.15 (230) (TRINCOLL)

CONWAY, EDWARD.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 154.6 - 157.16 (292) (CONWAY)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>

<P 303>
[} [\CXIX.\] }]

   M=r= Edmondes. Vntill this very day wee haue not heard one
worde of yo=w= since your departure, w=ch= kept vs in           #
douptfulnes of your
safetie till by your letter bearing date the xix=th= of this    #
moneth her
may=tie= receaved full and ample satisfaccon for as much as     #
concerned
your owne proceadinge only that w=ch= yo=w= wrytt concerning    #
the Truce,
or Peace, did not so clearely make mencion of the partyculer    #
point,
whether her may=tie= should be by the agreament betwene them    #
comprehended
in the same or noe, as by a letter from Mo=r= Villeroy it
appeareth, wherin he wrote to Mo=r= ffontaine w=th= theis       #
wordes. Yo=w=
maie let the Queene knowe, (for I speake it not by hearesay)    #
that her
may=tie= is comprehended by the assent of the Spaniard into     #
the Treatie,
and therefore yo=w= shall do well in y=e= next to wryte what    #
yo=w= heare,
althoughe I doupt not before the arryvall of this, but wee      #
shall heare
more by the personne that the kinge sendes hither. The present
occasion of this dispatche is shortly this. This very day       #
advertysement
is come to the Queene of the ffleet of Spaine w=ch= is issued   #
from
fferoll and the Groyne the viij=th= of this moneth beinge 120   #
sayle w=th=
10000 souldyers 2000 Maryners and many Mylls for Corne, many
woemen, 300 horse and many Materyalls for ffortificacon~s.      #
That this
is no ffable yo=w= may advertyse the king, that a small man of  #
warre of
England being at sea fell into their company in y=e= night in   #
a storme,
and seing one of their small shippes in distres to the          #
Leewarde, bare
vp w=th= her, fought w=th= her, and tooke her; but after he     #
had possessed
her, and thought to beare for Ingland, some of the ffleet       #
chased her,
and so she was forced to let her goe, but tooke out seaven men  #
of her,
the Cap=en=, the master, and others, whose examinacon~s being   #
taken at
Plymmothe, was sent vp this day, and contayneth what before I
spoke of, and that their Rendes vous was to come for ffalmoth.
This being certaine that at sea thay were mett, and it          #
appearing
fully, that but for the east wyndes w=ch= haue blowen           #
straynably, they
had ben at their Place of descent, hath given her may=tie=      #
iust cause
to looke about her, having nowe no ffleet in readynes to fight  #
w=th=
<P 304>
them at Sea, but o[\... OBLITERATED\] trust to the land         #
defence, And
therefore she lytle doupteth [\... OBLITERATED\] king wyll in   #
any sort 
myslyke the sodden revocacon~ of the Troupes of Pycardy to      #
serve
herselfe. ffor this is of all certentye, ether it is for        #
Irelande or
Englande, yf for Englande, then are wee to doupt the taking in  #
of the
Army of the Lowe Contreys to be transported, w=ch= (as it       #
falleth out)
need not feare ffraunce if the Truce be made as all the world   #
sayes it is,
and as shrewd circumstances discover: ffor wee see the          #
Car=all= hath lost
Amyens, followes not Count Mawryce, but keepes his fforces      #
togeither
and nowe soddenly drawes them downe to the sea syde. This her
may=tie= Requires yo=w= to lay feelinglie before the king, as   #
Reasones
sufficient to dispence w=th= her Revocacon~, the Erle of Essex  #
having most
of her ma=tes= Cap=ens= in y=e= voyag, and theie being fitt     #
to be imployed in
this kingedome, if he should attempt y=e= Ile of Wight or any   #
Place nere
the harte of the kingdome. This being all at this tyme w=ch=    #
my leasure
will permytt me to wryte exspecting howerly to heare of their   #
arryvall
if the storme haue not forced them to their owne coast againe.  #
And so
I commytt yo=w= to God. ffrom y=e= Cort at Whithall the         #
xxvj=th= of Oct. at
xj=en= in y=e= night.

Your louing frend
Ro: Cecyll.

   Yf they be gone for Ireland they fynd it at an evyll tyme,   #
for the
Noble Lo: Burghe is dead of Sycknes the xiiij=th= of this       #
moneth.

<P 320>
[} [\CXXV.\] }]

   M=r=. Edmondes: It is no highe tyme That I do certifie       #
yo=w= of the
receipt of all yo=r= packetts (whereof I receaved iiij=or=      #
dated in October
and Nouember and two in december) And that her may=tie= is      #
very well
satisfied w=th= yo=r= proceadinges.
   What Mons=r= de Maisse had to propounde yo=w= knowe well     #
enoughe
and therefore I need not touche it: But in short this yo=w=     #
shall knowe.
That the States refuse Treatye, desire the Queene to stoppe     #
her eares
to it, and doe send to Roane deputies to meet the king or his   #
ministers
whom they hope also to overcome w=th= infaylible argum=tes=,    #
and to
moue him to contynue in a warre, rather than to make peace; Her
May=tie= therefore being desirous to heare howe thinges are     #
carryed there,
and to see howe the kinge digesteth this their refusall will    #
send over
also some deputies, to ioyne in Conferrence w=th= the kinges    #
Mynisters
and theirs, to the intent that as they are all in a Bande of    #
Confederacy,
so they may ioyntly resolue ether to giue eare to Treatye, or   #
to provyde
<P 321>
for warres contynuance, and then each other open, what one      #
party will
have of an other and howe they are able to performe it, or to   #
hold it
out W=th= this Resolucion Th'embassadour is lyke to come away,  #
w=ch= is
the sowndest and most necessary; ffor to treat w=th= Spaine     #
before this
Conferrence, were not in good proporcion, but because he hath   #
not yet
had this aunswere giuen him, yo=w= may make vse of it only as   #
yo=r=
discrecion shall serve yo=w=. Other thinges for the present I   #
haue not
worthy yo=r= knowledge but do rest assuredly.

Yo=r= loving freinde
Ro: Cecyll.

   from the Lowe Contryes comes Monsr. Barneuelt and Mons.
Justynian Nassau. from England as yet, it is not knowen who.    #
from
y=e= Cort at Whithall the xxxj=th= of decem. 1597.

[\Endorsed\] 31 December 1597
from M=r= Secretarie.

To my very Lovinge freinde
M=r= Thomas Edmondes Esq=r=
her Ma=ties= Agent w=th= the frenche kinge. 

<Q E2 XX CORO EDMONDES>
<N LET TO CECIL>
<A EDMONDES THOMAS>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 393>
[} [\CLI.\] }]

   It maie please yor honor. I haue according to yor honors
Comandement used all endevor and industrie to fynd out a meanes
for yor honor to receiue aduertisementes out of Spaine, but     #
being verie
hard to meet wth one to send exp~slie thither, that is          #
faithfull and
sufficient, and can be able to serue yor honor as were fitt, I  #
haue
therefore aduised howe to wourke the same by those of the       #
best sorte
here that haue correspondencie in Spayne, And aboue all others  #
one
Monsr Anthoine Balbany, an Itallian marchant of the Principall  #
of this
Towne, hauing the most frequent & best aduertisementes from     #
thence
because of his great trade there, and wth the chief p~sone of   #
that
Countrie I sought to haue it p~pounded to him, whether he       #
would be
content to emploie his frends to aduertise him of that wch      #
should
passe there, and that yor honor might receiue information       #
thereof,
wch curtesie yor honor would alwaies kindlie acknoweledge       #
towardes
himselfe & anie his frendes as they should haue anie neede to   #
use yor
honors fauor. There was some difficultie made at the first to   #
deale
wth him therin, because being a sup~stitious papist, and not    #
to be
swayed by the consideration of benefittes, in respect of the    #
greatnes
of his estate, it was doubted the ouuerture would not be        #
agreable to
him, but for that he wth Monsr Zamatt doe shippe great          #
quantetie of
Corne to transport out of the Realme into Spayne, and arguying  #
wth
me, whether the same be in danger to be staied if the said      #
vessells
be mett by anie englishe shippes I did thereof assure him,      #
yett afterwardes
I did cause it to be signified to him, that if for his better
assurance he would be strengthned wth anie pasportes from my    #
lord
Admyrall that I durst p~sume yor honor would gratifie him wth   #
anie
that he should neede for his p~ticuler and fauor him in all     #
other his
occasions so as he would requyte it in the other curtesie to    #
p~cure yor
honor to receiue information of that which shall passe in       #
Spayne. He
hearkned to this offer, and assured me that he will geiue yor   #
honor all
satisfaction in yor desier, and hereuppon prayed me to send in  #
dilligence
<P 394>
to yor honor to beseech you to be pleased to assist him with    #
the said
pasportes, but for that the nombr wch he demandeth is great,    #
being
twelue, I feare it wilbe an unpleasant motion to yor honor      #
yett I
thought good to p~sent it to yor honors consideration first     #
for that it is a
spetiall meanes to p~cure yor honor to receiue verie goode &    #
frequent
aduertisements, and wthout anie charge to you, and secondlie    #
for that I
fynd these people are resolued to mainteyne that librtie to     #
Carrie Corne
into Spayne, and thereuppon haue geiuen assurance to Zamett &   #
the
rest to staie all englishe mens goodes for their recompence,    #
if staie be
made of their shippes by her maties subiectes, To auoyde the    #
sendinge
of so greate nombr of pasportes, as since he reqeyred of me, I  #
undertook
that yor honor would be pleased to p~cure the release of anie   #
of
his shippes that should be staied, wch although he acknowledged #
to be
a fauor yett it did not content him, for that he feareth that   #
being
subiect to that staie, it will make him to loose the benefitt   #
of his markett
& hazard the p~ishing of the Corne. He hath alreadie sent       #
awaie some
shippes & desireth these pasportes for those vessells wch are   #
yett behind,
wch he saieth are not aboue the burthen of threescoore tonnes   #
but thereof
I cannot geiue assurance, and doe humbly submitt the iudgement  #
of the
conveniencie, or not, of his request, to yor honors best        #
consideration,
And where happelie it may be thought that I seeke thereby to    #
p~cure
some p~fitt to myself I beseech yor honor to beleeue my poor    #
p~testation
wch I will not falsifie to you, that I haue not therein anie    #
desseing or
interest of privatt benefitt, but onlie a superstious desire    #
to serue yor
honor in that wch you haue so much in recommendacion, and is    #
of so
great importance. It is desired that the pasportes may runne    #
in the
name Peter Bernardin Massey and Anthonie Balbany and blanckes   #
to
be left for the names of the shippes, and of the Masters.
   I hope also to p~cure that the Ambr of Venice shall drawe    #
often
aduertisementes from their Ambr. in Spayne and send them from   #
tyme
to tyme to yor honor, and will emploie all other meanes         #
possible, that
by the plurallitie of advices yor honor maie by the better      #
serued and
make the truer iudgement of thinges. I doe contynuallie         #
sollicitt the
paiement of the 20000 Crownes as yor honor demandeth me, and am
still confidentlie assured by Monsr de Rhosny who is the (\fac  #
totum\)
here for monie matters that wthout faile it shalbe answeared    #
out of
this yeares receipt, but that it cannott be soone leuyed.
   He toulde me that he understoode her matie had geiuen the    #
said
<P 395>
monie unto some aboute her but I assured him, that it is a      #
false
information.
   Monsr de Villeroy did verie kindlie take yor honors letter   #
and
will by the Ambr. retourne yor honor answeare thereunto. I did  #
also
acquaynte him, in other discourse, that the Ambr had not yett   #
made
anie privatt acquaintance wth yor honor, touching the wch he    #
sayd that
he would wryte unto him, being a faulte wch his frendes here    #
doe
accuse in him, that he doth too formallie hould himself on his  #
grauitie,
but being otherwise a verie honest gent, and of great           #
integritie. He
doth complaine greatlie in all his dispatches that he cannott   #
receiue
satisfaction from my lord Admyrall in matters of iustice. That  #
yor
honor doth order & direct verie well, but that his l. doth not  #
answeare
it in p~fourmance & execution I assure yor honor if it be not   #
p~vyded by
some good establishement to redresse the disorders of both      #
sides, our
poore marchantes wilbe undonne by these differences, and yor    #
honor
will forthwth see the effectes thereof. I haue comunicated wth  #
one
Smyth the answeare wch yor honor sent me from M=r=. Kelley      #
touching
the wch he hath thought good to wryte againe to yor honor.      #
There is
no likelyhood to compound so discordant allegations, unlesse    #
they were
together, or that they will agree to whom to referre their      #
differences,
and these expostulations in the mean tyme serve to litle        #
pourpose.
   It is verie earnestlie desired that it will please yor       #
honor either to
send the pasportes wth expedition or ells answeare that they    #
cannott be
getten for that they stay the dep~ture of their shippes         #
thereuppon, and
therefore yor honor shall greatlie satisfie them to geiue a     #
speedie
resolution wch I beseech yor honor to be pleased to doe. And
craving also p~don for hauing troubled yor honor wth so         #
tedious a
letter I  most humbly take my leaue ffrom Paris the second of
Januarie 1598.

I send yor honer the memoriall
delyuered me for the said pasportes.

Yor honors 
most humblie bounden
Tho: Edmondes.

[\Endorsed\] 1598
2 Jan.
M=r= Edmondes to my M=r=.
His endevor to setle some intelligence wth Spaine
<P 396>
   Twelue paspor=t=~ to be procured from y=e= l. Adm=ll= for    #
ffrenche
merchan=t=~ to carry Corne for Spaine.
   Rc. the ixth at Whithall.

   To the right honorable S=r=. Robrt Cecyll knight Principall  #
Secretarie
to the Queenes Mat=ie= and chancelor of the Duchee of           #
lancaster.

<Q E2 XX CORO ELIZ>
<N LET TO EDMONDES>
<A ELIZABETH I>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 60->
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 387>
[} [\CXLVIII.\] }]

   By the Queene.
   Elizabeth R.
 
   Trusty and welbeloved, wee greet you well, wee haue seen     #
y=r=. l~re,
to our Secratary, and th'enclosed from the Master of Gray,      #
w=ch= bringeth
to vs, at one instant, two stange wonders, first that he is     #
resuscited,
whome we held by this tyme intombed, Secondly, that (being all  #
this
while vnburied), he could passe ouer so many yeares in          #
silence. But
seing wee do find, that his retired affection towards vs,       #
returnes to his
former place of confidence, you may do well, to assure him      #
hereby,
that whatsoever he shall do, for our seruice, in any thing,     #
shalbe
performed to those, who~ he knowes well, to haue ever resolved  #
of this
position, (\Si ingratam dixeris, omnia dixeris\) . For the      #
other parte of his
<P 388>
motion, that wee would write some l~re to his frend, for whome  #
he
vndertaketh, it is a Course, that wee haue never vsed to any,   #
but such,
whose meritt hath first purchased trust and favour, Lett him    #
therefore
know this, that as wee do thanck, both him, and th'other,       #
(whosoever
he be), for his good disposition, so when any effect shall      #
followe of
his honest purposes, our requytall, (in what is fytt for a      #
Prince), shall
not be long behinde. Some other things we haue imparted to our
Secretary, wherein you may beleeue him;
   From our Palace of Westminster, the 4=th= of Decembr: 1598.

[\Endorsed\] M=r= Edmunds 4=th= December 1598
ffrom her ma=tie=.

To our trusty and welbeloued
servant, Thomas Edmunds,
our Agent w=th= the French
kinge.

<Q E2 XX CORO ELIZ>
<N LET TO CECIL>
<A ELIZABETH I>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 60->
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 400>
[} [\CLIII.\] }]
Elizabeth R.

   Trusty and welbeloued, Wee receaued by the french            #
Embassadour,
not many daies past, a kind and carefull advertisement and      #
advise from
our good Brother the french king; wherein he hath lett vs       #
know, what
he hath heard, of great preparations, by sea, in Spayne; and    #
wished vs
carefully to stopp, the transportation of warlick provisions;   #
affirming
<P 401>
to haue geuen the lyke caution, to those of Holland, by his     #
Agent there.
An Ouverture very wellcom to vs, because it confirmed his       #
constant
frendship, to whome wee had Leaft no good office vnperformed;   #
and
assured vs further (howsoe`uer the courss and revolution of     #
humane
things, haue altered the face of his affaires) that he can not  #
but Judge,
That our prejudice, may, in consequence, proue his danger. When
wee further replied, that wee ded heare, of diuers Ships in     #
france, w=ch=
were destined to Spayne, w=ch= wee, could not, w=th=out great   #
Inconvenience,
lett pass; he ded assure vs, that he would write to the king:   #
and w=th=in
few dayes after, ded acquaint vs, that the king his Master      #
would haue
an honorable care, at this tyme, and had sent into france to    #
discover
in what Ports, these preparations were. But now of late, when   #
he
pursued a Remonstrance, concerning the trafficq; he handled two
principall poincts w=th= our Counsaill, the one, To haue        #
Justice for things
past, The other, To haue an Order established, for prevention   #
of lyke
supposed spoiles in future. How properly these ded fall into    #
the
Center of our desires (as being both essentiall parts of all    #
kingly
gouuernement; the one, for administration of Justice the        #
other, to
conserve and augment Liberties and fortunes of our subiects,    #
w=ch=
draweth their loue and obedience) may appeare if we be rightly
reported, and censured. For seing Princes by Institution must   #
vse
the Judgements of subaltern Ministers, in distribution of       #
gouuernement;
wee ded immediately enjoine all those to whome such aucthority  #
and
execution belongeth, to receaue w=th=out delay, all Cahiers of  #
complaints;
and to bethinke, how wee might speedily reforme all past        #
disorders,
that should fall out to be proved, and how wee might settle a   #
course of
quiet commerce hereafter. Herein what hath followed, shall      #
appeare by
this Memoriall, whereof wee haue geuen his Embass=r= a double,  #
to w=ch=
wee referre you, as being the substance of diuers               #
Consultations, between
the Embass=r= and our Counsaill, and other personnes of         #
quality and
vnderstanding, appointed to attend and assist them, in matters  #
incident
to questions of this Nature; wherein although it shall          #
appeare, by
the aunswer in writing, that wee insist vpon nothing, but       #
that, w=ch=
the Law of Nations, and former Treaties between Princes, may
warrant; yet wee command you, to tell him plainely, that wee    #
could
never haue expected (at this tyme when wee are so full of       #
trouble and
expectations of danger to our state) wee should haue ben by him
denyed any such matter (though it were more vnproffitable to    #
his
<P 402>
subiects) considering how many of ours, wee haue sacrificed for #
his
sake; and how little wee haue weighed Vtilety, when there hath  #
ben
question of his safety. This do wee command you, to deliure     #
vnto him,
not as vpbraiding our former helps, or as sorry for their       #
effects in his
fortune; but as a Prince that is sensible of the strang         #
proposition of his
Embassad=r= w=ch= wee can not devise how to match w=th= his     #
first Introductions
into this cause: for as wee haue for settling of Justice        #
agreed of
the forme of Tryalls, by accomodating ourselfes, in any         #
course, that
may not make a Renverse of all our formes of Justice, wee must  #
needs
say this, That now that he is informed, that an Army is         #
making, and that
it is evident, that a particuler portion of Corne is expected   #
from Nantes,
to furnish that expedition into Ireland, If he should yeald no  #
further, then
ordinary rules would tye him, although we had not plainely      #
shewed the
contrary to his Embassad=r= as wee haue don, yet wee must       #
surely conclude,
that we are requited w=th= vneven measure and must leaue it to  #
himself, if
his case were ours, what he would think, when in such an        #
instant of
preparations, our best frends releeue our adverse party in      #
their necessities.
For the other poinct concerning the prohibition intended
against our Cloath, and stayed vpon y=r= remonstrance (for so   #
his 
Embassad=r= confesseth) we can not but well interprete his      #
owne particuler
proceeding, having vnderstood, that it was rather carryed on so
farr by his ministers, then resolued by his direction. But yet  #
wee must
say plainely, That it appeareth strange vnto vs, when wee were  #
able to
shew it, that since the comming to our Crowne, it was never     #
denyed vs
by any of his predecessors; and that in tyme of Charles the     #
ix=th= a direct
Treaty was concluded for it in 1572; his Embassad=r= should     #
make this
replication, That in the former kings tymes, it was but a       #
Tolleration;
and that when that Treaty was made, it was never fully          #
executed. This
seemeth to vs surely a very hard proceeding, when if other      #
kings had
suffred it, betweene whome there had passed often breaches;     #
wee might
not haue ben secure of him, betweene whome and vs, had passed   #
so
straight obligations; or now that it is knowen, that by a       #
Treaty, it
was accorded, that it should be sought to be altered, because   #
the
execution was interrupted when it is well knowen, that the      #
Massacre of
France following, and so dayely troubles arrising, it was not   #
our default,
that it was not in all circumstances executed. This injurious   #
Cours,
we can never imagine to proceede from y=e= king our brother,    #
but from
some other omissions of his Ministers; for what could more      #
haue foretould
<P 403>
the world of alteration of kindnes (if you had not remembered   #
it,
and the king suspended it) then so apert a declaration of       #
hard measure to
our people? Thus farr and w=th= this rondeur haue wee           #
proceeded w=th= a
desire to cleare all manner of scruples, w=ch= might weacken    #
ether the
reputation, or essence of our perfect frendship; w=ch= wee      #
were desirous to
intimate to himself, from whome wee promise our self, all such  #
effects, as
are agreeable to Princely Judgement and Moderation, both being  #
vertues
properly annexed to the ranks, w=ch= Princes hold vnder God,    #
whome he
hath chosen, to rectify the errors and partialities of          #
Inferiors, howsoeuer
wee may be pressed dayly w=th= Importunities, to w=ch= vulgar   #
spiritts are
subiect. You shall in the end assure him, that as wee may not   #
condemne
our Subiects, onely because they are accused, so whosoeuer can
be convicted, shall duely paye the price of his cryme. Wee      #
haue commanded
our secretary, to acquaint you, what hath passed between the
french Ambassad=r= and him, in whome wee find more acrimony,    #
then wee
expected, especially in this, wherein he sheweth merely a       #
spiritt of
Choller and pride, when he gaue the first cause himself,        #
obserue what
impressions he seeketh to worke there, and obviate them,        #
according
to y=r= discretion, and acquaint vs by y=r= letter to our       #
Secretary of all
particulars, and take notice from vs hereby, that as well by    #
y=r= letters,
as other testimonies geuen vs by our Secretary of y=r=          #
diligence that wee
do very gratiously accept y=r= honest and faithfull endevoirs.  #
Returne
thanks from vs to the Duke of Buillon, to whome wee would haue
written thanks for his kind Letter, but that a Flux in our Eye  #
hindered
vs, from writing to the french king, to haue prepared his       #
minde not to
mistake, vpon an vntrue reporte, the good will of our           #
Tablettes, who
hath euer ben ready to do him good offices.
   At our Palace of Westminster, this 20=th= day of Januar.     #
1598 of our
Raigne the 41=th=

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E2 XX CORO WCECIL>
<N LET TO UNIVERSITY>
<A CECIL WILLIAM>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P III,24>
[} [\LETTER CCXXVI.\] }]

   To my loving frend M=r=. D=r=. Legge Vicechancellor
&c. and to the rest of the Heads there.
   Wheras the great excess and disorder of Apparell
hath not only impoverished the Realme, but hath bene
a special cause of many other vices and evil examples
in all degrees; for the due reformation whereof it is
<P III,25>
godly provided for in all persons and places, if due
execution were had accordingly: for want wherof,
many have greatly exceeded the prescription of Law,
and left the ancient, grave, and comely apparell generally
used of all scholars in both Universities heretofore;
whereby they were known and reverenced, every
man in his degree, both in the University and withoute,
in Court and City; by wearing of that comely, decent,
and wonted apparell; the due consideration whereof, is
referred by her Majesties Proclamation to the Chancellors
of both Universities, supposing that their commandement 
will work a perfect reformation of all disorders
in both the said Universities. Wherefore these
are straitly to charge and command you the Vicechancellor 
and Hedds of the Colleges in the University of
Cambridge, that the Statutes and Orders made in your
University for the special apparell to be worne of all
degrees of scholars, made sithens her Majestie's most
gracious raigne, be duely observed and kept, and that
no hatt be worne of any Graduate or Scholer within
the University, except it be when he shall journey out
of the Town, the same Graduate or Scholar having
his name in any Table, or being in commons in any
House of Learning in the said University; except in
the time of his sicknes. And that all Scholers being
Graduats upon the charges of any Howse, do wear a
square cap of clothe, and lykewise scholers of Howses
that be no Graduats, and all other Scholers that have
taken no degree of Scholers, and do lyve upon their
<P III,26>
own charges, do weare in the said University a round
clothe cap. Saving that it may be lawful for the sons
of Noblemen, or the sons and heirs of Knights, to
wear round caps of velvet, but no hats. And also that
every such aforesaid Scholer, being a Graduate, shall
wear abroad in the University, going out of his College,
a gown and a hoode of clothe, according to the
order of his Degree. Provided that it shall be lawfull
for every Doctor of Divinity, and for the Master of
any College, to weare a scarlett tippet, or a tippet of
velvet, according to the antient customs of the realme,
and of the said University: the which gown, tippet,
and square cap, the said Doctors and Hedds shall be
lykewise bound to weare when they shall resorte either
to the Courte or to the City of London.
   And that the excess of Shirtbands and Ruffs exceeding
one inche and halfe (saving for the sonns of
Noblemen), the fashion and colore of other then white,
be avoyded presently.
   And no Scholer nor Fellowe of the foundation of
any Howse of Learninge do weare either in the Universitye 
or without, so long as he retaine the livings
of a Fellowe or Scholer, any hose, stockings, dubletts,
jackets, coats, or jerkins, or any other kinde of garment
of velvet, satten, or silke, or in the faceing of the
same shall have above one quarter of a yard of silke,
or shall use any other light kynde of colore, or cutts,
or gards, or fashion, which shall be forbidden by the
Chancellors, or in their absence by the Vicechancellor
<P III,27>
and the more part of the Hedds of either of the said
Universities.
   And that no Scholer do weare any longe locks of
heare upon his hedd, but that he be notted, polled, or
rounded after the accustomed manner of the gravest
scholers of the said University, under the pain of six
shillings and eight pence for everye tyme that any graduate
Fellow, Scholer, Pensioner, or Sizer shall offende
in any of the foresaid Orders. The forfeycture
for every publique offence committed without the College
to be collected, immediatelye after the offence
done, by the bedells or other Officers therunto appoynted
within the said University, and to be payd
either to the Chancellor, or in his absence to the              #
Vicechancellor
of the said University, to th'onlye use of
the same, and by him to be accompted for at his general
accompts for his yeare.
   And the punishments and forfeytures of all the
aforesaid offences by any of the aforenamed Students
within any of the Colleges or Halls in the said University,
to be taken by the Hedds and Sub-Hedds of
the said Colleges and Halls where such offence is committed,
and to be converted to the use of the said College
or Hall.
   And thes Orders, together with all other good Orders
heretofore taken for exercises of Learning within
the aforesaid University, I require you and every of
you duely to observe and precisely to kepe according
to your Oath and duties, as you will retaine my favour
<P III,28>
and would have me to continue my careful government
over you: which I assuer you I will cast off,
yf I fynde not a due and spedye reformation of all disorders
among you: for her Majesty looketh for the
same, both at myne and your hands, and that forthwith.
So I bid you hartelye farewell, from my House
in the Strand, this 7=th=. of Maye 1588.

Your loving frend
W. Burghley.

<Q E2 XX CORO TRINCOLL>
<N LET TO BURGHLEY>
<A X>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P III,32>
[} [\LETTER CCXXX.\] }]
<P III,33>
   Our bounden dutie in most humble wise remembred.
Whereas we intend for the exercise of yonge
gentlemen and scholers in our Colledge, to sett forth
certain Comoedies and one Tragoedie. There being
in that Tragoedie sondry personages of greatest astate,
to be represented in auncient princely attire, which is
no where to be had but within the Office of the Roabes
at the Tower, it is our humble request Your most honorable
Lordship would be pleased to graunte your
Lordships Warrant unto the chiefe Officers there, that
upon sufficient securitie we might be furnished from
thence with such meete necessaries as are required.
Which favor we have founde heretofore upon your
good Lordship's like honorable Warrant: that hath
the rather enbouldened us at this time. And so cravinge
pardon for this presumption, with remembrance
of our dayly prayers unto God for the preservation of
Your Honor's health to his owne greate glory we humbly 
<P III,34>
take our leave. From Trinitie Colledge in Cambridge,
28=o= Januarij 1594

Your Honor's most bounden
ever to be commaunded
Thomas Nevile.
George Lee.
Jer. Radcliffe.
John Sledd.
Jre. Milver.
Guli: Hall.
Samuel Heron.
Cuthbert Norris.

   To the right honorable our verie
singuler good Lord Burghley, Lord
High Treasurer of England.

<Q E2 XX CORO CONWAY>
<N LET TO BUCKINGHAM>
<A CONWAY EDWARD>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P III,154>
[} [\LETTER CCXCII.\] }]

Most gratious patron.

   I am commaunded by his Majestie for the shortening
of his labour, to signifie unto your Grace that his
Highnes may soe be informed of the great streyght
and distress his Majestie was in upon the receipt and
consideracon of the Articles brought by M=r=. Killigrey,
upon three poynts:
   1. The perpetuitie of time for the abrogation of all
Lawes concerning the Roman Catholiques, in noe time
to bee renewed against them, nor any other to bee
raised in their place upon any occasion.
   2. His Majestie must do his best that the Articles
in favour of the Roman Catholiques must bee confirmed
by Parliament within three yeares infallibly, and
sooner, if the constitution of affairs would permit it.
<P III,155>
   3. The Councells oath.
   In the first, his Majestie foresawe an infinite liberty,
a perpetuall emunity graunted to the Roman Catholiques; 
which if it should bring them to daungerous
encrease, or incourage them to the acting of insolencies,
his conscience opposeth his wisedome of Gouerment,
and his Soueraignity runs a daunger.
   Touching the Parliament, his Majestie sawe it impossible
for him to effect, neither did his affection and
reason incline to exercise his power that way if it were
in his hand.
   And for the Councells oath, as his actes had not
need of theire fortification; soe might his honor and
the cause recieve prejudice by their refusall.
   But that which pinch't and perplex't most, was, that
this was not now a free and entire cause. But his Majesties
power was given to the Prince: according to
which power, his Highness had concluded theise Articles:
soe as now it went upon the honor of his Majestie
and the Prince, and perhaps upon the liberty and
power of his Highness returne and safety of his person.
   These tender considerations of honor, suerty of his
estate, fatherly loue, and conscience, his Majestie debated
some dayes, with as much wisedome, naturall
affection, courage, and piety, as became a greate, wise,
religious Kinge, and tender louing Father.
   And in conclusion having often honored Secretary
Calvert, Cottington, and myself with the hearing of
<P III,156>
his wise apprehensions and deliberations, in and about
his greate perplexity, his Majesty resolved to call to
him some of the most eminent of his Councell (whose
names are here inclosed) that hee might open himself
to them, recieve advice or confirmacion, or at least
take, by those leading voyces, a measure of the iudgments
and affections of the rest. Without flattery I
speak the truthe before God, those Councellors assembled
on Sunday at Wanstid; His Majestie made the
most serious, (I may say) the most sadd, fatherly, kinde,
kingly, wise, and pious, manly, stout speech that ever
I heard, which noe man can repeate or relate (without
blemishing) but himself. But this effect it wrought,
all the Lords were of opinion that his Highness wordes
and Articles must bee made good; that the oath by the
Councell must bee taken; and with one voyce gave
counsell (as without which nothing could bee well) that
the Prince must marry and bringe his Lady away with
him this yeare; this old yeare; or ells, the Prince
presently to returne without marriage or contract;
leaving both those to bee accomplished by the usuall
formes. My Maister having honored mee with his commaundements
in the trayne and shadow of that, I presume
to convey by your Grace, to his Highnes, as
humble thankfulnes as my poore heart is capable of,
for the signe of his Highnes memory of me and favour
to me received by M=r= Killigrey. And I beseech your
Grace to promise to his Highnes for mee that I will
<P III,157>
not onely fill my pocketts with papers to attend his 
service, but bleeding, emptie my vaynes for it.
   It is your free goodnes and favour to mee which
open's the way, and hath ledd mee to that condition of
favour I have. Preserve your creature, as farr as you
iudge my faith and thankfulnes will warrant you, which
I dare not discribe; knoweing my thoughts exceede my
words, and may outgoe the opinion of others, and fall
short of my owne knowledge, a part of which is that I
will live and dye

Your Graces
Most humble
servant
Edw. Conwey.

Theobalds 17=th= of
July 1623.



<B CEOTEST2>
<Q E2 XX BIBLE AUTHOLD>
<N OLD TEST AUTH>
<A X>
<C E2>
<O 1570-1640>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIBLE>
<G TRANSL>
<F OTHER>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE OLD TESTAMENT.
THE HOLY BIBLE.
AN EXACT REPRINT IN ROMAN TYPE, PAGE
FOR PAGE OF THE AUTHORIZED VERSION
PUBLISHED IN THE YEAR 1611.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY A. W. POLLARD.
LONDON, OXFORD, NEW YORK: HENRY FROWDE, 
AND OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1911.
GENESIS, I.1    - III.24      (SAMPLE 1)
GENESIS, VI.1   - IX.29       (SAMPLE 2)
GENESIS, XII.1  - XIV.20      (SAMPLE 3)
GENESIS, XXII.1 - XXII.19     (SAMPLE 4)
NUMBERS, XIII.1 - XIV.45      (SAMPLE 5)
NUMBERS, XVI.1  - XVII.13     (SAMPLE 6)^]

[^IN PAGE CODES THE LETTER G STANDS FOR GENESIS, 
AND N FOR NUMBERS:    I,1G - GENESIS, I, 1;
                   XIII,1N - NUMBERS, XIII, 1.^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,1G>
[}CHAP. I.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   In the beginning
God created the
Heauen, and the
Earth.
   2 And the 
earth was without 
forme, and
voyd, and darkenesse
(^was^) vpon
the face of the deepe: and the Spirit
of God mooued vpon the face of the
waters.
   3 And God said, Let there be light:
and there was light.
   4 And God saw the light, that (^it was^)
good: and God diuided the light from
the darkenesse.
   5 And God called the light, Day,
and the darknesse he called Night: and
the euening and the morning were the
first day.
   6 And God said, Let there be a
firmament in the midst of the waters:
and let it diuide the waters from the
waters.
   7 And God made the firmament;
and diuided the waters, which (^were^) vnder
the firmament, from the waters,
which (^were^) aboue the firmament: and it
was so.
   8 And God called the firmament,
Heauen: and the euening and the morning
were the second day.
   9 And God said, Let the waters
vnder the heauen be gathered together
vnto one place, and let the dry land appeare:
and it was so.
   10 And God called the drie land,
Earth, and the gathering together of
the waters called hee, Seas: and God 
saw that (^it was^) good.
   11 And God said, Let the Earth bring
foorth grasse, the herbe yeelding seed,
(^and^) the fruit tree, yeelding fruit after his
kinde, whose seed (^is^) in it selfe, vpon the
earth: and it was so.
   12 And the earth brought foorth
grasse, (^and^) herbe yeelding seed after his
kinde, and the tree yeelding fruit, whose
seed (^was^) in it selfe, after his kinde: and
God saw that (^it was^) good.
   13 And the euening and the morning
were the third day.
   14 And God said, Let there bee
lights in the firmament of the heauen,
to diuide the day from the night: and
let them be for signes and for seasons,
and for dayes and yeeres.
   15 And let them be for lights in the
firmament of the heauen, to giue light
vpon the earth: and it was so.
   16 And God made two great lights:
the greater light to rule the day, and
the lesser light to rule the night: (^he made^)
the starres also.
   17 And God set them in the firmament
of the heauen, to giue light vpon
the earth:
   18 And to rule ouer the day, and
ouer the night, and to diuide the light
from the darkenesse: and God saw that
(^it was^) good.
   19 And the euening and the morning
were the fourth day.
<P I,20G>
   20 And God said, Let the waters
bring foorth aboundantly the mouing
creature that hath life, and foule (^that^)
may flie aboue the earth in the open
firmament of heauen.
   21 And God created great whales,
and euery liuing creature that moueth,
which the waters brought forth aboundantly
after their kinde, and euery winged
foule after his kinde: and God saw
that (^it was^) good.
   22 And God blessed them, saying, Be
fruitfull, and multiply, and fill the waters 
in the Seas, and let foule multiply
in the earth.
   23 And the euening and the morning
were the fift day.
   24 And God said, Let the earth
bring forth the liuing creature after his
kinde, cattell, and creeping thing, and
beast of the earth after his kinde: and
it was so.
   25 And God made the beast of the
earth after his kinde, and cattell after
their kinde, and euery thing that creepeth
vpon the earth, after his kinde:
and God saw that (^it was^) good.
   26 And God said, Let vs make
man in our Image, after our likenesse:
and let them haue dominion ouer the
fish of the sea, and ouer the foule of the
aire, and ouer the cattell, and ouer all
the earth, and ouer euery creeping thing
that creepeth vpon the earth.
   27 So God created man in his owne
Image, in the Image of God created
hee him; male and female created hee
them.
   28 And God blessed them, and God
said vnto them, Be fruitfull, and multiply, 
and replenish the earth, and subdue
it, and haue dominion ouer the fish
of the sea, and ouer the foule of the aire,
and ouer euery liuing thing that mooueth
vpon the earth.
   29 And God said, Behold, I haue
giuen you euery herbe bearing seede,
which (^is^) vpon the face of all the earth,
and euery tree, in the which (^is^) the fruit
of a tree yeelding seed, to you it shall be
for meat:
   30 And to euery beast of the earth,
and to euery foule of the aire, and to euery
thing that creepeth vpon the earth,
wherein there is life, (^I haue giuen^) euery
greene herbe for meat: and it was so.
   31 And God saw euery thing that
hee had made: and behold, (^it was^) very
good. And the euening and the morning
were the sixth day.

<P II,1G>
[}CHAP. II.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   Thus the heauens and the
earth were finished, and
all the hoste of them.
   2 And on the seuenth
day God ended his worke,
which hee had made: And he rested on
the seuenth day from all his worke,
which he had made.
   3 And God blessed the seuenth day,
and sanctified it: because that in it he had
rested from all his worke, which God
created and made.
   4 These (^are^) the generations of the
heauens, & of the earth, when they were
created; in the day that the LORD
God made the earth, and the heauens,
   5 And euery plant of the field, before
it was in the earth, and euery herbe of
the field, before it grew: for the LORD
God had not caused it to raine vpon the 
earth, and there (^was^) not a man to till
the ground.
   6 But there went up a mist from
the earth, and watered the whole face of
the ground.
   7 And the LORD God formed man
of the dust of the ground, & breathed
into this nostrils the breath of life;
and man became a liuing soule.
   8 And the LORD God planted
a garden Eastward in Eden; and there
he put the man whom he had formed.
   9 And out of the ground made the
LORD God to grow euery tree that
is pleasant to the sight, and good for
food: the tree of life also in the midst of
the garden, and the tree of knowledge
of good and euill.
   10 And a riuer went out of Eden to
water the garden, and from thence it
was parted, and became into foure
heads.
   11 The name of the first (^is^) Pison:
that (^is^) it which compasseth the whole
land of Hauilah, where (^there is^) gold.
   12 And the gold of that land (^is^) good:
There (^is^) Bdellium and the Onix stone.
   13 And the name of the second riuer
(^is^) Gihon: the same (^is^) it that compasseth
the whole land of Ethiopia.
   14 And the name of the third riuer
(^is^) Hiddekel: that (^is it^) which goeth toward
the East of Assyria: and the fourth
riuer is Euphrates.
   15 And the LORD God tooke the
man, and put him into the garden of Eden,
to dresse it, and to keepe it.
   16 And the LORD God commanded
the man, saying, Of euery tree of the
garden thou mayest freely eate.
   17 But of the tree of the knowledge 
of good and euill, thou shalt not eate of
it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof,
thou shalt surely die.
   18 And the LORD God said,
It (^is^) not good that the man should be alone:
I will make him an helpe meet
for him.
   19 And out of y=e= ground the LORD
God formed euery beast of the field, and
euery foule of the aire, and brought (^them^)
vnto Adam, to see what he would call
them: and whatsoeuer Adam called
euery liuing creature, that (^was^) the name
thereof.
<P II,20G>
   20 And Adam gaue names to all 
cattell, and to the foule of the aire, and to
euery beast of the fielde: but for Adam
there was not found an helpe meete 
for him.
   21 And the LORD God caused a
deepe sleepe to fall vpon Adam, and hee
slept; and he tooke one of his ribs, and 
closed vp the flesh in stead thereof.
   22 And the rib which the LORD
God had taken from man, made hee a
woman, & brought her vnto the man.
   23 And Adam said, This is now
bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh:
she shalbe called woman, because shee
was taken out of man.
   24 Therefore shall a man leaue his
father and his mother, and shall cleaue
vnto his wife: and they shalbe one flesh.
   25 And they were both naked, the
man & his wife, and were not ashamed.

<P III,1G>
[}CHAP. III.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   Now the serpent was more
subtill then any beast of the 
field, which the LORD
God had made, and he said
vnto the woman, Yea,
hath God said, Ye shall not eat of euery
tree of the garden?
   2 And the woman said vnto the serpent,
Wee may eate of the fruite of the 
trees of the garden:
   3 But of the fruit of the tree, which
(^is^) in the midst of the garden, God hath
said, Ye shal not eate of it, neither shall ye
touch it, lest ye die.
   4 And the Serpent said vnto the
woman, Ye shall not surely die.
   5 For God doeth know, that in the
day ye eate thereof, then your eyes shalbee
opened: and yee shall bee as Gods,
knowing good and euill.
   6 And when the woman saw, that
the tree (^was^) good for food, and that it (^was^)
pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired
to make one wise, she tooke of the 
fruit thereof, and did eate, and gaue also
vnto her husband with her, and hee
did eate.
   7 And the eyes of them both (^were^)
opened, & they knew that they were naked,
and they sewed figge leaues together,
and made themselues aprons.
   8 And they heard the voyce of the
LORD God, walking in the garden
in the coole of the day: and Adam and 
his wife hid themselues from the presence
of the LORD God, amongst
the trees of the garden.
   9 And the LORD God called
vnto Adam, and said vnto him, Where
(^art^) thou?
   10 And he said, I heard thy voice in
the garden: and I was afraid, because
I (^was^) naked, and I hid my selfe.
   11 And he said, Who told thee, that 
thou (^wast^) naked? Hast thou eaten of the
tre, whereof I commanded thee, that
thou shouldest not eate?
   12 And the man said, The woman
whom thou gauest (^to be^) with mee, shee
gaue me of the tree, and I did eate.
   13 And the LORD God said vnto
the woman, What (^is^) this (^that^) thou hast
done? And the woman said, The Serpent
beguiled me, and I did eate.
   14 And the LORD God said vnto
the Serpent, Because thou hast done
this, thou (^art^) cursed aboue all cattel, and
aboue euery beast of the field: vpon thy
belly shalt thou goe, an dust shalt thou 
eate, all the dayes of thy life.
   15 And I will put enmitie betweene
thee and the woman, and betweene thy
seed and her seed: it shal bruise thy head,
and thou shalt bruise his heele.
   16 Unto the woman he said, I will
greatly multiply thy sorowe and thy
conception. In sorow thou shalt bring
forth children: and thy desire (^shall be^) to
thy husband, and hee shall rule ouer
thee.
   17 And vnto Adam he said, Because
thou hast hearkened vnto the voyce of
thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of
which I commaunded thee, saying,
Thou shalt not eate of it: cursed (^is^) the
ground for thy sake: in sorow shalt thou
eate of it all the dayes of thy life.
   18 Thornes also and thistles shall it
bring forth to thee: and thou shalt eate
the herbe of the field.
   19 In the sweate of thy face shalt
thou eate bread, till thou returne vnto
the ground: for out of it wast thou taken,
for dust thou (^art^) , and vnto dust shalt
thou returne.
<P III,20G>
   20 And Adam called his wiues name
Eue, because she was the mother of all
liuing.
   21 Unto Adam also, and to his wife,
did the LORD God make coates of
skinnes, and cloathed them.
   22 And the LORD God said,
Behold, the man is become as one of
us, to know good & euill. And now lest
hee put foorth his hand, and take also of
the tree of life, and eate and liue for euer:
   23 Therefore the LORD God
sent him foorth from the garden of Eden,
to till the ground, from whence he
was taken.
   24 So he droue out the man: and he
placed at the East of the garden of Eden,
Cherubims, and a flaming sword,
which turned euery way, to keepe the
way of the tree of life.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P VI,1G>
[}CHAP. VI.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And it came to passe, when
men began to multiply on
the face of the earth, and
daughters were borne vnto
them:
   2 That the sonnes of God saw the
daughters of men, that they were faire,
and they took them wiues, of all which
they chose.
   3 And the LORD said, My Spirit
shall not alwayes striue with man;
for that hee also (^is^) flesh: yet his dayes
shalbe an hundred and twenty yeeres.
   4 There were Giants in the earth
in those daies: and also after that, when
the sonnes of God came in vnto the
daughters of men, & they bare (^children^)
to them; the same became mightie men,
which (^were^) of old, men of renowme.
   5 And God saw, that the wickednes
of man was great in the earth, and
(^that^) euery imagination of the thoughts
of his heart was onely euill continually.
   6 And it repented the LORD
that he had made man on the earth, and
it grieued him at his heart.
   7 And the LORD said, I will
destroy man, whom I haue created,
from the face of the earth: both man
and beast, and the creeping thing, and
the foules of the aire: for it repenteth me
that I haue made them.
   8 But Noah found grace 
in the eyes of the LORD.
   9 These (^are^) the generations of
Noah: Noah was a iust man, (^and^)
perfect in his generations, (^and^) Noah
walked with God.
   10 And Noah begate three sonnes:
Sem, Ham, and Japheth.
   11 The earth also was corrupt before 
God; and the earth was filled with 
violence.
   12 And God looked vpon the earth,
and behold, it was corrupt: for all flesh
had corrupted his way vpon the earth.
   13 And God said vnto Noah, The
end of all flesh is come before mee; for
the earth is filled with violence through
them; and behold, I will destroy them
with the earth.
   14 Make thee an Arke of Gopher-wood: 
roomes shalt thou make
in the arke, and shalt pitch it within and
without with pitch.
   15 And this is the (^fashion^) , which thou
shalt make it of: the length of the arke
(^shalbe^) three hundred cubits, the breadth
of it fifty cubits, and the height of it thirtie 
cubits.
   16 A window shalt thou make to
the arke, and in a cubite shalt thou finish
it aboue; and the doore of the arke
shalt thou set in the side thereof: With
lower, second, and third stories shalt
thou make it.
   17 And behold, I, euen I doe bring
a flood of waters vpon the earth, to destroy
all flesh, wherein is the breath of
life from vnder heauen, (^and^) euery thing
that is in the earth shall die.
   18 But with thee wil I establish my
Couenant: and thou shalt come into
the Arke, thou, and thy sonnes, and thy
wife, and thy sonnes wiues with thee.
   19 And of euery liuing thing of all
flesh, two of euery (^sort^) shalt thou bring
into the Arke, to keepe (^them^) aliue with
thee: they shall be male and female.
<P VI,20G>
   20 Of fowles after their kinde, and
of cattel after their kinde: of euery creeping
thing of the earth after his kinde,
two of euery (^sort^) shall come vnto thee,
to keepe (^them^) aliue.
   21 And take thou vnto thee of all
food that is eaten, and thou shalt gather
(^it^) to thee; and it shall be for food,
for thee, and for them.
   22 Thus did Noah; according to
all that God commanded him, so did he.

<P VII,1G>
[}CHAP. VII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And the LORD saide
vnto Noah, Come thou
and all thy house into the
Arke: for thee haue I
seene righteous before me,
in this generation.
   2 Of euery cleane beast thou shalt
take to thee by seuens, the male and
his female: and of beastes that are not
cleane, by two, the male and his female.
   3 Of fowles also of the aire, by
seuens, the male & the female; to keepe
seed aliue vpon the face of all the earth.
   4 For yet seuen dayes, and I will
cause it to raine vpon the earth, fortie
dayes, and forty nights; and euery liuing
substance that I haue made, will
I destroy, fro off the face of the earth.
   5 And Noah did according vnto all
that the LORD commanded him.
   6 And Noah was sixe hundred
yeeres old, when the flood of waters
was vpon the earth.
   7 And Noah went in, and his
sonnes, and his wife, and his sonnes
wiues with him, into the Arke, because
of the waters of the Flood.
   8 Of cleane beasts, & of beasts that
are not cleane, & of fowles, and of euery 
thing that creepeth vpon the earth,
   9 There went in two and two vnto
Noah into the Arke, the male & the
female, as God had commanded Noah.
  10 And it came to passe after seuen
dayes, that the waters of the Flood
were vpon the earth.
  11 In the sixe hundredth yeere of
Noahs life, in the second moneth, the seuenteenth
day of the moneth, the same
day, were al the fountaines of the great
deepe broken vp, and the windowes of
heauen were opened.
   12 And the raine was vpon the
earth, fortie dayes, and fortie nights.
   13 In the selfe same day entred Noah,
and Sem, and Ham, and Japheth,
the sonnes of Noah, and Noahs wife,
and the three wiues of his sonnes with
them, into the Arke,
   14 They, and euery beast after his
kinde, & all the cattell after their kinde:
and euery creeping thing that creepeth
vpon the earth after his kinde, and euery
foule after his kinde, euery birde of euery
sort.
   15 And they went in vnto Noah into
the Arke, two and two of all flesh,
wherein is the breath of life.
   16 And they that went in, went in
male and female of all flesh, as God had
commaunded him: and the LORD
shut him in.
   17 And the Flood was fortie dayes
vpon the earth, and the waters increased,
and bare vp the Arke, and it was
lift vp aboue the earth.
   18 And the waters preuailed, and
were encreased greatly vpon the earth:
and the Arke went vpon the face of the
waters.
   19 And the waters preuailed exceedingly
vpon the earth, and all the high
hils, that (^were^) vnder the whole heauen,
were couered.
<P VII,20G>
   20 Fifteene cubits vpward, did the
waters preuaile; and the mountaines
were couered.
   21 And all flesh died, that mooued
vpon the earth, both of fowle, & of cattell,
and of beast, and of euery creeping
thing that creepeth vpon the earth,
and euery man.
   22 All in whose nosethrils was the
breath of life, of all that was in the
dry land, died.
  23 And euery liuing substance was
destroyed, which was vpon the face of
the ground, both man and cattell, and
the creeping things, and the foule of the
heauen; and they were destroyed from
the earth: and Noah onely remained
aliue, and they that (^were^) with him in 
the Arke.
   24 And the waters preuailed vpon
the earth, an hundred and fifty dayes.

<P VIII,1G>
[}CHAP. VIII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And God remembred Noah,
and euery liuing thing,
and all the cattell that (^was^)
with him in the Arke:
and God made a winde
to passe ouer the earth, and the waters
asswaged.
   2 The fountaines also of the deepe,
and the windowes of heauen were
stopped, and the raine from heauen
was restrained.
   3 And the waters returned from
off the earth, continually: and after the
end of the hundred and fiftie dayes, the
waters were abated.
   4  And the Arke rested in the seuenth 
moneth, on the seuenteenth day
of the moneth, vpon the mountaines of
Ararat.
   5 And the waters decreased continually
vntill the tenth moneth: in the
tenth moneth, on the first (^day^) of the moneth,
were the tops of the mountaines
seene.
   6 And it came to passe at the end of
forty dayes, that Noah opened the window
of the Arke which he had made.
   7 And he sent forth a Rauen, which
went foorth to and fro, vntill the waters
were dried vp from off the earth.
   8 Also hee sent foorth a doue from
him, to see if the waters were abated
from off the face of the ground.
   9 But the doue found no rest for the
sole of her foote, and she returned vnto
him into the Arke: for the waters (^were^)
on the face of the whole earth. Then he
put foorth his hand, and tooke her, and
pulled her in vnto him, into the Arke.
   10 And hee stayed yet other seuen
dayes; and againe hee sent foorth the
doue out of the Arke.
   11 And the doue came in to him in
the euening, and loe, in her mouth (^was^)
an Oliue leafe pluckt off: So Noah
knew that the waters were abated
from off the earth.
   12 And hee stayed yet other seuen
dayes, and sent forth the doue, which returned
not againe vnto him any more.
   13 And it came to passe in the sixe
hundredth and one yeere, in the first (^moneth^) ,
the first (^day^) of the moneth, the
waters were dryed vp from (^off^) the
earth: and Noah remooued the couering
of the Arke, and looked, and behold,
the face of the ground was drie.
   14 And in the second moneth, on the
seuen and twentieth day of the moneth,
was the earth dried.
   15 And God spake vnto Noah,
saying,
   16 Goe foorth of the Arke, thou,
and thy wife, and thy sonnes, and thy
sonnes wiues with thee:
   17 Bring foorth with thee euery liuing
thing that is with thee, of all flesh,
(^both^) of fowle, and of cattell, and of euery
creeping thing that creepeth vpon the
earth, that they may breed abundantly
in the earth, and be fruitfull, and multiply
vpon the earth.
   18 And Noah went foorth, and his
sonnes, and his wife, and his sonnes
wiues with him:
   19 Euery beast, euery creeping thing,
and euery fowle, (^and^) whatsoeuer creepeth
vpon the earth, after their kinds,
went foorth out of the Arke.
<P VIII,20G>
   20 And Noah builded an Altar
vnto the LORD, and tooke of euery
cleane beast, and of euery cleane fowle,
and offred burnt offrings on the Altar.
   21 And the LORD smelled a
sweete sauour, and the LORD said
in his heart, I will not againe curse the
ground any more for mans sake; for the
imagination of mans heart (^is^) euil from
his youth: neither will I againe smite
any more euery thing liuing, as I haue
done.
   22 While the earth remaineth, seedtime
and haruest, and cold, and heat,
and Summer, and Winter, and day
and night, shall not cease.

<P IX,1G>
[}CHAP. IX.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And God blessed Noah,
and his sonnes, and said
vnto them, Bee fruitfull
and multiply, and replenish 
the earth.
   2 And the feare of you, & the dread
of you shall be vpon euery beast of the
earth, and vpon euery fowle of the aire,
vpon all that mooueth (^vpon^) the earth,
and vpon all the fishes of the sea; into
your hand are they deliuered.
   3 Euery mouing thing that liueth,
shalbe meat for you; euen as the greene
herbe haue I giuen you all things.
   4 But flesh with the life thereof,
(^which^) is the blood thereof, shall you not
eate.
   5 And surely your blood of your
liues will I require: at the hand of euery
beast will I require it, & at the hand
of man, at the hand of euery mans brother
will I require the life of man.
   6 Who so sheddeth mans blood, by
man shall his blood be shed: for in the
image of God made he man.
   7 And you, be ye fruitfull, and multiply, 
bring foorth aboundantly in the
earth, and multiply therein.
   8 And God spake vnto Noah, and
to his sonnes with him, saying;
   9 And I, behold, I establish my couenant
with you, and with your seede
after you:
   10 And with euery liuing creature
that (^is^) with you, of the fowle, of the cattell,
and of euery beast of the earth with
you, from all that goe out of the Arke,
to euery beast of the earth.
   11 And I wil establish my couenant
with you, neither shal all flesh be cut off
any more, by the waters of a flood, neither
shall there any more be a flood to
destroy the earth.
   12 And God said, This is the token
of the Couenant which I make betweene
mee and you, and euery liuing
creature that is with you, for perpetuall
generations.
   13 I doe set my bow in the cloud, and
it shall be for a token of a couenant, betweene
me and the earth.
   14 And it shall come to passe, when
I bring a cloud ouer the earth, that the
bow shall be seene in the cloud.
   15 And I will remember my couenant, 
which is betweene mee and you,
and euery liuing creature of all flesh:
and the waters shall no more become a
flood to destroy all flesh.
   16 And the bow shalbe in the cloud;
and I will looke vpon it, that I may
remember the euerlasting couenant betweene
God and euery liuing creature,
of all flesh that (^is^) vpon the earth.
   17 And God said vnto Noah, This
(^is^) the token of the couenant, which I
haue established betweene mee and all
flesh, that (^is^) vpon the earth.
   18 And the sonnes of Noah that
went forth of the Arke, were Shem,
and Ham, and Iaphet: and Ham is 
the father of Canaan.
   19 These (^are^) the three sonnes of Noah: 
and of them was the whole earth
ouerspread.
<P IX,20G>
   20 And Noah began (^to bee^) an husbandman,
and he planted a vineyard.
   21 And he dranke of the wine, and
was drunken, and hee was vncouered
within his tent.
   22 And Ham, the father of Canaan, 
saw the nakednesse of his father, and 
told his two brethren without.
   23 And Shem and Iaphet tooke a
garment, and layed (^it^) vpon both their
shoulders, and went backward, and couered
the nakednesse of their father,
and their faces (^were^) backward, and they
saw not their fathers nakednesse.
   24 And Noah awoke from his
wine, and knew what his yonger sonne
had done vnto him. 
   25 And he said, Cursed (^bee^) Canaan:
a seruant of seruants shall hee be vnto
his brethren.
   26 And hee saide, Blessed (^bee^) the
LORD God of Shem, and Canaan
shalbe his seruant.
   27 God shall enlarge Iaphet,
and he shal dwel in the tents of Shem,
and Canaan shalbe his seruant.
   28 And Noah liued after the flood,
three hundred and fifty yeeres.
   29 And all the dayes of Noah were
nine hundred & fifty yeeres, and he died.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P XII,1G>
[}CHAP. XII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   Now the LORD had
said vnto Abram, Get thee
out of thy countrey, and
from thy kinred, and from
thy fathers house, vnto a
land that I will shew thee.
   2 And I will make of thee a great
nation, and I wil blesse thee, and make
thy name great; and thou shalt bee a
blessing.
   3 And I will blesse them that blesse
thee, and curse him, that curseth thee:
and in thee shal all families of the earth
be blessed.
   4 So Abram departed, as the
LORD had spoken vnto him, and
Lot went with him: And Abram was
seuentie and fiue yeeres old when he departed 
out of Haran.
   5 And Abram tooke Sarai his wife,
and Lot his brothers sonne, and all
their substance that they had gathered,
and the soules that they had gotten in
Haran, and they went foorth to goe into
the land of Canaan: and into the land
of Canaan they came.
   6 And Abram passed through the
land, vnto the place of Sichem, vnto
the plaine of Moreh. And the Canaanite
(^was^) then in the land.
   7 And the LORD appeared vnto 
Abram, and said, Vnto thy seed wil
I giue this land: and there builded hee
an altar vnto the LORD, who appeared
vnto him.
   8 And he remoued from thence vnto
a mountaine, on the East of Beth-el,
and pitched his tent (^hauing^) Beth-el on
the West, and Hai on the East: and
there hee builded an altar vnto the
LORD, and called vpon the Name
of the LORD.
   9 And Abram iourneyed, going on
still toward the South.
   10 And there was a famine in the 
land, and Abram went downe into Egypt,
to soiourne there: for the famine
was grieuous in the land.
   11 And it came to passe when he was
come neere to enter into Egypt, that he
said vnto Sarai his wife, Behold now,
I know that thou art a faire woman
to looke vpon.
   12 Therefore it shall come to passe,
when the Egyptians shall see thee, that
they shall say, This is his wife: and
they will kill me, but they will saue thee
aliue.
   13 Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister,
that it may be wel with me, for thy
sake; and my soule shall liue, because of
thee.
   14 And it came to passe, that when
Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians
beheld the woman, that shee
was very faire.
   15 The Princes also of Pharaoh saw
her, and commended her before Pharaoh: 
and the woman was taken into
Pharaohs house.
   16 And he entreated Abram well for
her sake: and he had sheepe, and oxen,
and hee asses, and men seruants, and
maid seruants, and shee asses, and camels.
   17 And the LORD plagued Pharaoh
& his house with great plagues,
because of Sarai Abrams wife.
   18 And Pharaoh called Abram, and
said, What is this that thou hast done 
vnto me? Why diddest thou not tell me,
that she was thy wife?
   19 Why saidest thou, Shee is my sister?
so I might haue taken her to mee
to wife: now therfore behold, thy wife,
take (^her^) and goe thy way.

<P XII,20G>
   20 And Pharaoh comanded (^his^) men 
concerning him: and they sent him away,
and his wife, and all that he had.

<P XIII,1G>
[}CHAP. XIII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And Abram went vp out
of Egypt, he and his wife,
and all that he had, and
Lot with him, into the
South.
   2 And Abram was very rich in cattell,
in siluer, and in gold.
   3 And hee went on his iourneyes
from the South, euen to Beth-el, vnto
the place where his tent had bene at the
beginning, betweene Beth-el and Hai:
   4 Vnto the place of the altar, which
ha had made there at the first: and there
Abram called on the Name of the
LORD.
   5 And Lot also which went with
Abram, had flocks and heards, & tents.
   6 And the land was not able to
beare them, that they might dwell together: 
for their substance was great,
so that they could not dwell together.
   7 And there was a strife betweene
the heardmen of Abrams cattell, and
the heardmen of Lots cattell: And the
Canaanite, and the Perizzite dwelled
then in the land.
   8 And Abram said vnto Lot, Let
there be no strife, I pray thee, betweene
mee and thee, and betweene my heardmen
and thy heardmen: for wee bee 
brethren.
   9 Is not the whole land before
thee? Separate thy selfe, I pray thee,
from mee: if thou (^wilt take^) the left hand,
then I will goe to the right: or if thou
(^depart^) to the right hand, then I will
goe to the left.
   10 And Lot lifted vp his eyes, and
beheld all the plaine of Iordane, that it
was well watered euery where before
the Lord destroyed Sodome and Gomorah,
(^euen^) as the garden of the 
LORD, like the land of Egypt, as
thou commest vnto Zoar.
   11 Then Lot chose him all the plaine
of Iordane: and Lot iourneyed East;
and they separated themselues the one
from the other.
   12 Abram dwelled in the land of Canaan,
and Lot dwelled in the cities of
the plaine, and pitched his tent toward
Sodome.
   13 But the men of Sodome were
wicked, and sinners before the LORD
exceedingly.
   14 And the LORD said vnto
Abram, after that Lot was separated
from him, Lift vp now thine eyes, and
looke from the place where thou art,
Northward, and Southward, and
Eastward, and Westward.
   15 For all the land which thou seest,
to thee will I giue it, and to thy seede
for euer.
   16 And I will make thy seede as the
dust of the earth: so that if a man can 
number the dust of the earth, then shall
thy seed also be numbred.
   17 Arise, walke through the land, in
the length of it, and in the breadth of it:
for I will giue it vnto thee.
   18 Then Abram remoued his tent,
and came and dwelt in the plaine of
Mamre, which is in Hebron, and built
there an altar vnto the LORD.

<P XIV,1G>
[}CHAP. XIIII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And it came to passe in the
dayes of Amraphel King
of Shinar, Arioch King
of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer
King of Elam, and Tidal
King of nations:
   2 That (^these^) made warre with Bera
King of Sodome, and with Birsha
King of Gomorrah, Shinab King of
Admah, and Shemeber King of Zeboiim,
and the King of Bela, which
is Zoar.
   3 All these were ioyned together in
the vale of Siddim; which is the salt Sea.
   4 Twelue yeeres they serued Chedorlaomer, 
and in the thirteenth yeere
they rebelled.
   5 And in the fourteenth yeere came
Chedorlaomer, and the Kings that
were with him, and smote the Rephaims,
in Ashteroth Karnaim, & the Zuzims
in Ham, and the Emims in Shaueh
Kiriathaim;
   6 And the Horites in their mount
Seir, vnto El-Paran, which is by the
wildernesse.
   7 And they returned, and came to
En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, & smote
all the countrey of the Amalekites, and
also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezon-tamar.
   8 And there went out the King of
Sodome, and the King of Gomorrah,
and the King of Admah, and the King
of Zeboiim, and the King of Bela, (the
same is Zoar) and they ioyned battell
with them, in the vale of Siddim,
   9 With Chedorlaomer the King of
Elam, and with Tidal King of nations,
and Amraphel King of Shinar,
and Arioch King of Ellasar; foure
Kings with fiue.
   10 And the vale of Siddim was full
of slime-pits: and the Kings of Sodome
& Gomorrah fled, and fell there:
and they that remained, fled to the 
mountaine.
   11 And they tooke all the goods of
Sodome and Gomorrah, and all their
victuals, and went their way.
   12 And they tooke Lot, Abrams brothers
sonne, (who dwelt in Sodome)
and his goods, and departed.
   13 And there came one that had
escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew,
for hee dwelt in the plaine of Mamre
the Amorite, brother of Eschol, and brother
of Aner: and these were confederate
with Abram.
   14 And when Abram heard that his
brother was taken captiue, he armed
his trained (^seruants^) borne in his owne
house, three hundred and eighteene, and
pursued (^them^) vnto Dan.
   15 And hee diuided himselfe against
them, he and his seruants by night, and
smote them, and pursued them vnto
Hoba, which is on the left hand of Damascus:
   16 And hee brought backe all the 
goods, and also brought againe his brother
Lot, and his goods, and the women
also, and the people.
   17 And the king of Sodome went
out to meete him, (after his returne
from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer,
and of the Kings that were with him)
at the valley of Saueh, which is the
Kings dale.
   18 And Melchizedek King of Salem
brought foorth bread and wine:
and he was the Priest of the most high
God.
   19 And hee blessed him, and saide;
Blessed bee Abram of the most high
God, possessour of heauen and earth,
<P XIV,20G>
   20 And blessed bee the most high
God, which hath deliuered thine enemies
into thy hand: and hee gaue him
tithes of all.
   
<S SAMPLE 4>
<P XXII,1G>
[}CHAP. XXII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And it came to passe after
these things, that God
did tempt Abraham, and
said vnto him, Abraham.
And hee said, Beholde,
heere I am.
   2 And he said, Take now thy sonne,
thine onely (^sonne^) Isaac, whom thou louest,
and get thee into the land of Moriah: 
and offer him there for a burnt
offering vpon one of the Mountaines
which I will tell thee of.
   3 And Abraham rose vp earely
in the morning, and sadled his asse, and
tooke two of his yong men with him,
and Isaac his sonne, and claue the
wood for the burnt offering, and rose
vp, and went vnto the place of which
God had told him.
    4 Then on the third day Abraham
lift vp his eyes, and saw the place afarre
off
   5 And Abraham said vnto his yong
men, Abide you here with the asse, and
I and the lad will goe yonder and worship,
and come againe to you.
   6 And Abraham tooke the wood of
the burnt offering, and layd it vpon Isaac
his sonne: and he tooke the fire in
his hand, and a knife: and they went
both of them together.
   7 And Isaac spake vnto Abraham
his father, and said, My father: and he
said, Here am I, my sonne. And hee
said, Behold the fire and wood: but
where is the lambe for a burnt offring?
   8 And Abraham said, My sonne,
God will prouide himselfe a lambe for a
burnt offering: so they went both of
them together.
   9 And they came to the place which
God had tolde him of, and Abraham
built an Altar there, and layd the wood
in order, and bound Isaac his sonne,
and layde him on the Altar vpon the
wood.
   10 And Abraham stretched foorth
his hand, and tooke the knife to slay his
sonne.
   11 And the Angel of the LORD
called vnto him out of heauen, and said,
Abraham, Abraham. And he said, Here
am I.
   12 And he said, Lay not thine hand
vpon the lad, neither do thou any thing
vnto him: for now I know that thou
fearest God, seeing thou hast not withhelde
thy sonne, thine onely sonne
from mee.
   13 And Abraham lifted vp his eyes,
and looked, and beholde, behinde (^him^) a
Ramme caught in a thicket by his
hornes: And Abraham went and tooke 
the Ramme, and offered him vp for a 
burnt offering, in the stead of his sonne.
   14 And Abraham called the name of
that place Iehouah-ijreh, as it is said
to this day, In the Mount of the
LORD it shalbe seene.
   15 And the Angel of the LORD
called vnto Abraham out of heauen the
second time,
   16 And said, By my selfe haue I
sworne, saith the LORD, for because
thou hast done this thing, and hast not
withheld thy sonne, thine onely sonne,
   17 That in blessing I will blesse
thee, and in multiplying, I will multiply
thy seed as the starres of the heauen,
and as the sand which is vpon the 
sea shore, and thy seed shall possesse the
gate of his enemies.
   18 And in thy seed shall all the nations
of the earth be blessed, because thou
hast obeyed my voice.
   19 So Abraham returned vnto his 
yong men, and they rose vp, and went
together to Beer-sheba, and Abraham
dwelt at Beer-sheba. 

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P XIII,1N>
[}CHAP XIII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And the LORD spake 
vnto Moses, saying,
   2 Send thou men, that
they may search the lande
of Canaan, which I giue
vnto the children of Israel: of euery
tribe of their fathers shal ye send a man,
euery one a ruler among them.
   3 And Moses by the commaundement
of the LORD, sent them from
the wildernes of Paran: all those men
were heads of the children of Israel.
   4 And these (^were^) their names. Of
the tribe of Reuben, Shammua the
sonne of Zaccur.
   5 Of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat
the sonne of Hori.
   6 Of the tribe of Iudah, Caleb the
sonne of Iephunneh.
   7 Of the tribe of Issachar, Igal
the sonne of Ioseph.
   8 Of the tribe of Ephraim, Oshea
the sonne of Nun.
   9 Of the tribe of Beniamin, Palti
the sonne of Raphu.
   10 Of the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel
the sonne of Sodi.
   11 Of the tribe of Ioseph, (^namely^) of
the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi the sonne
of Susi.
   12 Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the
sonne of Gemalli.
   13 Of the tribe of Asher, Sethur the
sonne of Michael.
   14 Of the tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi
the sonne of Vophsi.
   15 Of the tribe of Gad, Geuel the
sonne of Machi.
   16 These are the names of the men
which Moses sent to spie out the land: 
and Moses called Oshea the sonne of 
Nun, Iehoshua.
   17 And Moses sent them to spie
out the land of Canaan, and said vnto
them, Get you vp this (^way^) Southward,
and goe vp into the mountaine:
   18 And see the lande what it is, and
the people that dwelleth therein, whether
they bee strong or weake, fewe or
many:
   19 And what the lande is that they
dwell in, whether it be good or bad, and
what cities they bee that they dwell in,
whether in tents, or in strong holds:
<P XIII,20N>
   20 And what the land (^is^) , whether it
be fat or leane, whether there be wood
therin, or not. And be ye of good courage,
and bring of the fruit of the land:
(Now the time (^was^) the time of the first
ripe grapes)
   21 So they went vp, and searched
the land, from the wildernesse of Zin,
vnto Rehob, as men come to Hamath.
   22 And they ascended by the South,
and came vnto Hebron: where Ahiman,
Sheshai, and Talmai, the children
of Anak were: Now Hebron
was built seuen yeeres before Zoan in
Egypt.
   23 And they came vnto the brooke
of Eshcol, and cut downe from thence
a branch with one cluster of grapes, and
they bare it betweene two vpon a staffe,
and they brought of the pomegranates
and of the figs.
   24 The place was called the brooke
Eshcol, because of the cluster of grapes
which the children of Israel cut downe
from thence.
   25 And they returned from searching
of the land after fourty dayes.
   26 And they went and came to
Moses, and to Aaron, and to all the
Congregation of the children of Israel
vnto the wildernesse of Paran, to Kadesh,
and brought backe word vnto
them, and vnto all the Congregation,
and shewed them the fruit of the land.
   27 And they told him, and said, We
came vnto the land whither thou sentest
vs, & surely it floweth with milke
and honie; and this (^is^) the fruit of it.
   28 Neuerthelesse, the people bee
strong that dwell in the land, and the cities
are walled and very great: and
moreouer, we saw the children of Anak
there.
   29 The Amalekites dwell in the 
land of the South: and the Hittites, 
and the Iebusites, and the Amorites
dwell in the mountaines: and the Canaanites
dwell by the sea, and by the
coast of Iordane.
   30 And Caleb stilled the people before
Moses, and said, Let vs goe vp at
once, and possesse it, for we are well able
to ouercome it.
   31 But the men that went vp with
him, said, Wee be not able to goe vp against
the people, for they are stronger
then we.
   32 And they brought vp an euill report
of the land which they had searched,
vnto the children of Israel, saying, 
The land through which we haue
gone, to search it, (^is^) a land that eateth
vp the inhabitants thereof, and all the
people that we saw in it, (^are^) men of a
great stature.
   33 And there we saw the giants, the
sonnes of Anak, (^which come^) of the giants:
and wee were in our owne sight
as grashoppers, and so wee were in
their sight.

<P XIV,1N>
[}CHAP. XIIII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And all the Congregation
lifted vp their voyce and
cried; and the people wept
that night.
   2 And all the children 
of Israel murmured against Moses,
and against Aaron: and the whole
Congregation said vnto them, Would
God that we had died in the land of Egypt,
or would God we had died in this
wildernesse.
   3 And wherefore hath the LORD
brought vs vnto this land, to fall by the
sword, that our wiues, and our children
should be a pray? were it not better for
vs to returne into Egypt?
   4 And they saide one to another,
Let vs make a captaine, and let vs returne
into Egypt.
   5 Then Moses and Aaron fell on 
their faces before all the assembly of the
Congregation of the children of Israel.
   6 And Ioshua the sonne of Nun,
and Caleb the sonne of Iephunneh,
which were of them that searched the
land, rent their clothes.
   7 And they spake vnto all the company
of the children of Israel, saying,
The land which wee passed thorow to
search it, (^is^) an exceeding good land.
   8 If the LORD delight in vs,
then he will bring vs into this land, and
giue it vs, a land which floweth with
milke and hony.
   9 Onely rebell not yee against the
LORD, neither feare yee the people
of the land, for they are bread for vs:
their defence is departed from them,
and the LORD (^is^) with vs: feare
them not.
   10 But all the Congregation bade
stone them with stones: and the glory
of the LORD appeared in the Tabernacle
of the Congregation, before all
the children of Israel.
   11 And the LORD said vnto
Moses, How long will this people prouoke
me? and how long will it bee, yer
they beleeue me, for all the signes which
I haue shewed among them?
   12 I will smite them with the pestilence,
and disinherite them, and will
make of thee a greater nation, and
mightier then they.
   13 And Moses said vnto the
LORD, Then the Egyptians shall
heare (^it^) , (for thou broughtest vp this
people in thy might from among
them:)
   14 And they will tell it to the inhabitants
of this land: (^for^) they haue heard
that thou LORD (^art^) among this people, 
that thou LORD art seene face to
face, and that thy cloud standeth ouer
them, and that thou goest before them,
by day time in a pillar of a cloud, and in
a pillar of fire by night.
   15 Now if thou shalt kill all this
people, as one man, then the nations
which haue heard the fame of thee, will
speake, saying,
   16 Because the LORD was not able
to bring this people into the lande
which he sware vnto them, therefore he
hath slaine them in the wildernesse.
   17 And now, I beseech thee, let the
power of my LORD be great, according
as thou hast spoken, saying,
   18 The LORD is long suffering,
and of great mercie, forgiuing iniquitie
and transgression, and by no meanes
clearing (^the guiltie^) , visiting the iniquity
of the fathers vpon the children, vnto
the third and fourth generation.
   19 Pardon, I beseech thee, the iniquitie
of this people, according vnto the
greatnesse of thy mercie, and as thou
hast forgiuen this people, from Egypt,
euen vntill now.
<P XIV,20N>
   20 And the LORD said, I haue
pardoned, according to thy word.
   21 But as truely as I liue, all the
earth shalbe filled with the glory of the 
LORD.
   22 Because all those men which
haue seene my glory, and my miracles
which I did in Egypt, and in the wildernesse,
and haue tempted mee now
these ten times, and haue not hearkened
to my voice,
   23 Surely they shall not see the
land which I sware vnto their fathers,
neither shall any of them that
prouoked me, see it.
   24 But my seruant Caleb, because
hee had another spirit with him, (and
hath followed mee fully) him will I
bring into the land, whereinto he went,
and his seed shall possesse it.
   25 (Now the Amalekites, and the
Canaanites dwelt in the valley) to morrow
turne you and get you into the
wildernesse, by the way of the Red sea.
   26 And the LORD spake vnto
Moses, and vnto Aaron, saying,
   27 How long (^shall I beare with^) this euil
congregation which murmure against
mee? I haue heard the murmurings
of the children of Israel, which they
murmure against mee.
   28 Say vnto them, As truely as I
liue, saith the LORD, as ye haue spoken
in mime eares, so will I doe to you:
   29 Your carcases shall fall in this
wildernesse, and all that were numbred 
of you, according to your whole
number from twentie yeeres old and
vpward, which haue murmured against
mee,
   30 Doubtlesse ye shall not come into
the land concerning which I sware to
make you dwell therein, saue Caleb the
sonne of Iephunneh, and Ioshua the
sonne of Nun.
   31 But your little ones, which yee
said should be a pray, them will I bring
in, and they shall know the land which
ye haue despised.
   32 But as for you, your carkases,
they shall fall in this wildernesse.
   33 And your children shall wander
in the wildernes forty yeres, and beare
your whoredomes, vntill your carkases
be wasted in the wildernesse.
   34 After the number of the dayes in
which ye searched the land, (^euen^) fortie
dayes (each day for a yeere) shall yee
beare your iniquities, (^euen^) forty yeeres,
and yee shall know my breach of promise.
   35 I the LORD haue said, I will
surely doe it vnto all this euill Congregation, 
that are gathered together against
mee: in this wildernesse they
shalbe consumed, & there they shall die.
   36 And the men which Moses sent
to search the land, who returned, and
made all the Congregation to murmure
against him, by bringing vp a
slander vpon the land,
   37 Euen those men that did bring vp
the euill report vpon the land, died by
the plague, before the LORD.
   38 But Ioshua the sonne of Nun,
and Caleb the sonne of Iephunneh,
(^which were^) of the men that went to
search the land, liued (^still^) .
   39 And Moses told these sayings vnto
all the children of Israel, and the
people mourned greatly.
<P XIV,40N>
   40 And they rose vp early in the
morning, and gate them vp into the
top of the mountaine, saying, Loe, we
be here, and will goe vp vnto the place
which the LORD hath promised: for
we haue sinned.
   41 And Moses said, Wherefore now
doe you transgresse the commaundement
of the LORD? but it shall not
prosper.
   42 Goe not vp, for the LORD is
not among you, that ye be not smitten
before your enemies.
   43 For the Amalekites, and the Canaanites
(^are^) there before you, and yee
shall fall by the sword, because yee are
turned away from the LORD; therefore
the LORD will not bee with 
you.
   44 But they presumed to go vp vnto
the hill top: neuertheles the Arke of
the Couenant of the LORD, and Moses
departed not out of the campe.
   45 Then the Amalekites came
downe, and the Canaanites which
dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and
discomfited them, euen vnto Hormah.

<S SAMPLE 6>
<P XVI,1N>
[}CHAP. XVI.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   Now Korah the sonne of
Izhar, the sonne of Kohath, 
the sonne of Leui,
and Dathan, and Abiram
the sonnes of Eliab, and
On the sonne of Peleth, sonnes of Reuben,
tooke (^men^) .
   2 And they rose vp before Moses,
with certaine of the children of Israel,
two hundred and fiftie Princes of the
assembly, famous in the Congregation,
men of renowne.
   3 And they gathered themselues together
against Moses, and against Aaron,
and said vnto them, Ye take too
much vpon you, seeing all the Congregation 
are holy euery one of them,
and the LORD is among them:
wherfore then lift you vp your selues aboue 
the Congregation of the LORD?
   4 And when Moses heard it, he fell
vpon his face.
   5 And hee spake vnto Korah, and
vnto all his company, saying, Euen to
morrow the LORD will shew who
(^are^) his, and who (^is^) holy, and will cause
(^him^) to come neere vnto him: euen (^him^)
whom he hath chosen, will he cause to
come neere vnto him.
   6 This doe: take you censers, Korah,
and all his company:
   7 And put fire therein, and put incense
in them, before the LORD to
morrow; And it shall be, (^that^) the man
whom the LORD doeth choose, hee
shall be holy: yee take too much vpon
you, ye sonnes of Leui.
   8 And Moses saide vnto Korah,
Heare, I pray you, ye sonnes of Leui.
   9 Seemeth it but a small thing vnto
you, that the God of Israel hath separated
you from the Congregation of
Israel, to bring you neere to himselfe,
to doe the seruice of the Tabernacle of
the LORD, and to stand before the
Congregation to minister vnto them?
   10 And he hath brought thee neere
(^to him^) , and all thy brethren the sonnes of
Leui with thee: and seeke ye the Priesthood
also?
   11 For which cause both thou, and all
thy company are gathered together against
the LORD: and what is Aaron,
that ye murmure against him?
   12 And Moses sent to call Dathan
and Abiram the sonnes of Eliab:
which said, We will not come vp.
   13 Is it a small thing that thou hast
brought vs vp out of a land that floweth
with milke and hony, to kill vs in
the wildernesse, except thou make thy
selfe altogether a prince ouer vs?
   14 Moreouer, thou hast not brought
vs into a land that floweth with milke
and hony, or giuen vs inheritance of
fields and vineyards: wilt thou put
out the eyes of these men? we will not
come vp.
   15 And Moses was very wroth, and
said vnto the LORD, Respect not
thou their offering: I haue not taken
one asse from them, neither haue I
hurt one of them.
   16 And Moses said vnto Korah, Be
thou and all thy company before the
LORD, thou, and they, and Aaron to
morrow.
   17 And take euery man his censer,
and put incense in them, and bring yee
before the LORD euery man his censer,
two hundred and fiftie censers, thou
also and Aaron, each (^of you^) his censer.
   18 And they tooke euery man his
censer, and put fire in them, and laide
incense thereon, and stood in the doore
of the Tabernacle of the Congregation
with Moses and Aaron.
   19 And Korah gathered all the Congregation 
against them, vnto the doore
of the Tabernacle of the Congregation:
and the glory of the LORD appeared
vnto all the Congregation.
<P XVI,20N>
   20 And the LORD spake vnto Moses,
and vnto Aaron, saying,
   21 Separate your selues from among
this Congregation, that I may
consume them in a moment.
   22 And they fell vpon their faces,
and said, O God, the God of the spirits
of all flesh, shal one man sinne, and wilt
thou be wroth with all the Congregation?
   23 And the LORD spake vnto
Moses, saying,
   24 Speake vnto the Congregation,
saying, Get you vp from about the tabernacle
of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram.
   25 And Moses rose vp, and went vnto
Dathan and Abiram: and the Elders
of Israel followed him.
   26 And hee spake vnto the Congregation,
saying, Depart, I pray you,
from the tents of these wicked men, and
touch nothing of theirs, lest ye be consumed
in all their sinnes.
   27 So they gate vp from the tabernacle
of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram,
on euery side: and Dathan and Abiram
came out, and stood in the doore of their
tents, and their wiues, & their sonnes,
and their little children.
   28 And Moses said, Hereby ye shall
know that the LORD hath sent me to
doe all these workes: for (^I haue^) not (^done
them^) of mine owne mind.
   29 If these men die the common
death of all men, or if they be visited after
the visitation of all men, then the
LORD hath not sent me:
   30 But if the LORD make a new
thing, and the earth open her mouth,
and swallow them vp, with all that appertaine
vnto them, and they go downe
quicke into the pit: then ye shall vnderstand
that these men haue prouoked the
LORD.
   31 And it came to passe as he had
made an ende of speaking all these
words, that the ground claue asunder
that was vnder them:
   32 And the earth opened her mouth,
and swallowed them vp, and their houses,
and all the men that appertained
vnto Korah, and all their goods.
   33 They, and all that appertained
to them, went downe aliue into the pit,
and the earth closed vpon them: and
they perished from among the Congregation.
   34 And all Israel that were round
about them, fled at the crie of them: for
they said, Lest the earth swallow vs vp
(^also^) .
   35 And there came out a fire from the
LORD, and consumed the two hundred
and fiftie men that offered incense.
   36 And the LORD spake vnto
Moses, saying,
   37 Speake vnto Eleazar the sonne
of Aaron the Priest, that he take vp the
censers out of the burning, and scatter
thou the fire yonder, for they are hallowed.
   38 The censers of these sinners against
their owne soules, let them make
them broad plates for a couering of the
Altar: for they offered them before the
LORD, therefore they are hallowed,
and they shall be a signe vnto the children
of Israel.
   39 And Eleazar the Priest tooke the
brasen censers, wherewith they that
were burnt had offered, and they were
made broad (^plates^) for a couering of the
Altar:
<P XVI,40N>
   40 (^To bee^) a memoriall vnto the children
of Israel, that no stranger, which
is not of the seed of Aaron, come neere
to offer incense before the LORD, that
he be not as Korah, and as his company,
as the LORD said to him by the
hand of Moses.
   41 But on the morrow, all the
Congregation of the children of Israel
murmured against Moses and against
Aaron, saying, Ye haue killed the people
of the LORD.
   42 And it came to passe when the 
Congregation was gathered against
Moses and against Aaron, that they
looked toward the Tabernacle of the
Congregation: and behold, the cloud
couered it, and the glory of the LORD
appeared.
   43 And Moses and Aaron came before
the Tabernacle of the Congregation.
   44 And the LORD spake vnto
Moses, saying,
   45 Get you vp from among this
Congregation, that I may consume
them, as in a moment: and they fell vpon
their faces.
   46 And Moses said vnto Aaron,
Take a censer, and put fire therein from
off the Altar, and put on incense, and
goe quickly vnto the Congregation,
and make an atonement for them: for
there is wrath gone out from the
LORD; the plague is begun.
   47 And Aaron tooke as Moses
commanded, and ranne into the midst
of the Congregation: and behold, the
plague was begun among the people,
and he put on incense, and made an atonement
for the people.
   48 And he stood betweene the dead
and the liuing, and the plague was
stayed.
   49 Now they that died in the plague,
were foureteene thousand and seuen
hundred, beside them that died about
the matter of Korah.
   50 And Aaron returned vnto Moses,
vnto the doore of the Tabernacle of
the Congregation; and the plague was
stayed.

<P XVII,1N>
[}CHAP. XVII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And the LORD spake
vnto Moses, saying,
   2 Speake vnto the children
of Israel, and take of
euery one of them a rod,
according to the house of their fathers,
of all their princes, according to the
house of their fathers, twelue rods:
write thou euery mans name vpon his
rodde.
   3 And thou shalt write Aarons
name vpon the rod of Leui: for one rod
shall be for the head of the house of their
fathers.
   4 And thou shalt lay them vp in the
Tabernacle of the Congregation, before
the Testimony, where I will
meet with you.
   5 And it shall come to passe, that the
mans rod whom I shall choose, shall
blossome: and I will make to cease
from mee the murmurings of the children
of Israel, whereby they murmure
against you.
   6 And Moses spake vnto the children
of Israel, and euery one of their
Princes gaue him a rod a piece, for each
Prince one, according to their fathers
houses, (^euen^) twelue rods: and the rod of
Aaron was among their rods.
   7 And Moses layd vp the rods before
the LORD, in the Tabernacle of
Witnesse.
   8 And it came to passe that on the
morrow Moses went into the Tabernacle
of Witnesse, and behold, the rod of
Aaron for the house of Leui was budded,
and brought forth buds, and bloomed
blossomes, and yeelded almonds.
   9 And Moses brought out all the
rods from before the LORD, vnto all
the children of Israel: and they looked,
and tooke euery man his rod.
   10 And the LORD said vnto
Moses, Bring Aarons rod againe before
the Testimony, to be kept for a token
against the rebels, and thou shalt
quite take away their murmurings
from me, that they die not.
   11 And Moses did so: as the LORD
commanded him, so did he.
   12 And the children of Israel spake
vnto Moses, saying, Behold, wee die,
we perish, we all perish.
   13 Whosoeuer commeth any thing
neere vnto the Tabernacle of the
LORD, shall die: Shall wee be consumed
with dying?



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[^TEXT:  THE NEW TESTAMENT.
THE HOLY BIBLE.
AN EXACT REPRINT IN ROMAN TYPE, PAGE
FOR PAGE OF THE AUTHORIZED VERSION
PUBLISHED IN THE YEAR 1611.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY A. W. POLLARD.
LONDON, OXFORD, NEW YORK: HENRY FROWDE, 
AND OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1911.
JOHN 1.1 - 11.57^]

<P I,1>
[}CHAP. I.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   In the beginning was
the Word, & the Word
was with God, and
the Word was God.
   2 The same was
in the beginning with
God. 
   3 All things were made by him,
and without him was not any thing
made that was made.
   4 In him was life, and the life was
the light of men.
   5 And the light shineth in darknesse,
and the darknesse comprehended it not.
   6 There was a man sent from
God, whose name was Iohn.
   7 The same came for a witnesse, to
beare witnesse of the light, that all men
through him might beleeue.
   8 Hee was not that light, but (^was
sent^) to beare witnesse of that light.
   9 That was the true light, which
lighteth euery man that commeth into
the world.
   10 Hee was in the world, and the
world was made by him, and the
world knew him not.
   11 Hee came vnto his owne, and his 
owne receiued him not.
   12 But as many as receiued him, to
them gaue hee power to become the
sonnes of God, (^euen^) to them that beleeue
on his Name:
   13 Which were borne, not of blood,
nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will
of man, but of God.
   14 And the Word was made flesh,
and dwelt among vs (& we beheld his
glory, the glory as of the onely begotten
of the Father) full of grace and trueth.
   15 Iohn bare witnesse of him, and
cried, saying, This was he of whom I
spake, He that commeth after me, is preferred
before me, for he was before me.
   16 And of his fulnesse haue all wee
receiued, and grace for grace.
   17 For the Law was giuen by Moses,
but grace and trueth came by Iesus
Christ.
   18 No man hath seene God at any
time: the onely begotten Sonne, which
is in the bosome of the Father, he hath
declared him.
   19 And this is the record of Iohn,
when the Iewes sent Priests and Leuites
from Hierusalem, to aske him,
Who art thou?
<P I,20>
   20 And he confessed, and denied not:
but confessed, I am not the Christ.
   21 And they asked him, What then?
Art thou Elias? And he saith, I am
not. Art thou that Prophet? And hee
answered, No.
   22 Then said they vnto him, Who
art thou, that we may giue an answere
to them that sent vs? What sayest thou
of thy selfe?
   23 He said, I (^am^) the voice of one crying
in the wildernesse: Make straight
the way of the Lord, as said the Prophet
Esaias.
   24 And they which were sent, were
of the Pharises.
   25 And they asked him, and said vnto
him, Why baptizest thou then, if thou
be not that Christ, nor Elias, neither
that Prophet?
   26 Iohn answered them, saying, I
baptize with water, but there standeth
one among you, whom ye know not,
   27 He it is, who comming after
me, is preferred before me, whose shoes
latchet I am not worthy to vnloose.
   28 These things were done in Bethabara 
beyond Iordane, where 
Iohn was baptizing.
   29 The next day, Iohn seeth Iesus
comming vnto him, and saith, Behold
the Lambe of God, which taketh
away the sinne of the world.
   30 This is he of whom I said, After
me commeth a man, which is preferred
before me: for he was before me.
   31 And I knew him not: but that he
should be made manifest to Israel, therfore
am I come baptizing with water.
   32 And Iohn bare record saying,
I saw the Spirit descending from heauen,
like a Doue, and it abode vpon him.
   33 And I knew him not: but he that
sent me to baptize with water, the same
said vnto me, Vpon whom thou shalt
see the Spirit descending, & remaining
on him, the same is he which baptizeth
with the holy Ghost.
   34 And I saw, and bare record, that
this is the sonne of God.
   35 Againe the next day after, Iohn
stood, and two of his disciples.
   36 And looking vpon Iesus as he
walked, he saith, Behold the Lambe of
God.
   37 And the two disciples heard him
speake, and they followed Iesus.
   38 Then Iesus turned, and saw
them following, and saith vnto them,
What seeke ye? They said vnto him,
Rabbi, (which is to say being interpreted,
Master) where dwellest thou?
   39 He saith vnto them, Come and see.
They came and saw where he dwelt,
and abode with him that day: for it
was about the tenth houre.
<P I,40>
   40 One of the two which heard
Iohn speake, and followed him, was
Andrew, Simon Peters brother.
   41 He first findeth his owne brother
Simon, and saith vnto him, We haue 
found the Messias, which is, being interpreted,
the Christ.
   42 And he brought him to Iesus.
And when Iesus beheld him, he said,
Thou art Simon the sonne of Iona,
thou shalt be called Cephas, which is
by interpretation, a stone.
   43 The day following, Iesus
would goe foorth into Galilee, & findeth
Philip, & saith vnto him, Follow me.
   44 Now Philip was of Bethsaida,
the citie of Andrew and Peter.
   45 Philip findeth Nathaneel, and
saith vnto him, We haue found him of
whom Moses in the Law, and the
Prophets did write, Iesus of Nazareth
the sonne of Ioseph.
   46 And Nathaneel said vnto him,
Can there any good thing come out of
Nazareth? Philip saith vnto him,
Come and see.
   47 Iesus saw Nathaneel comming
to him, and saith of him, Behold an Israelite
indeed in whom is no guile.
   48 Nathaneel sayeth vnto him,
Whence knowest thou me? Iesus answered,
and said vnto him, Before that
Philip called thee, when thou wast vnder
the figge tree, I saw thee.
   49 Nathaneel answered, and saith
vnto him, Rabbi, thou art the Sonne
of God, thou art the king of Israel.
   50 Iesus answered, and said vnto
him, Because I said vnto thee, I saw
thee vnder the figge tree, beleeuest thou?
thou shalt see greater things then these.
   51 And hee saith vnto him, Verily,
verily I say vnto you, heereafter yee
shall see heauen open, and the Angels
of God ascending, and descending vpon
the sonne of man.

<P II,1>
[}CHAP. II.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And the third day there
was a mariage in Cana of
Galilee, and the mother of
Iesus was there.
   2 And both Iesus was
called, and his disciples, to the mariage.
   3 And when they wanted wine, the
mother of Iesus saith vnto him, They
haue no wine.
   4 Iesus saith vnto her, Woman,
what haue I to doe with thee? mine
houre is not yet come.
   5 His mother saith vnto y=e= seruants,
Whatsoeuer he saith vnto you, doe it.
   6 And there were set there sixe water
pots of stone, after the maner of the
purifying of the Iewes, conteining
two or three firkins apeece.
   7 Iesus saith vnto them, Fill the
water pots with water. And they filled
them vp to the brimme.
   8 And hee saith vnto them, Drawe
out now, and beare vnto the gouernor
of the feast. And they bare it.
   9 When the ruler of the feast had
tested the water that was made wine,
and knew not whence it was, (but the
seruants which drew the water knew)
the gouernor of the feast called the bridegrome,
   10 And saith vnto him, Euery man
at the beginning doth set foorth good
wine, and when men haue well drunke,
then that which is worse: but thou hast
kept the good wine vntill now.
   11 This beginning of miracles did
Iesus in Cana of Galilee, and manifested
forth his glory, and his disciples beleeued
on him.
   12 After this hee went downe to
Capernaum, hee and his mother, and
his brethren, and his disciples, and they
continued there not many dayes.
   13 And the Iewes Passeouer was
at hand, & Iesus went vp to Hierusalem
   14 And found in the Temple those
that sold oxen, and sheepe, and doues,
and the changers of money, sitting.
   15 And when he had made a scourge
of small cordes, he droue them all out of
the Temple, and the sheepe & the oxen,
and powred out the changers money,
and ouerthrew the tables,
   16 And said vnto them that sold doues
Take these things hence, make not my
fathers house an house of merchandize.
   17 And his disciples remembred that
it was written, The zeale of thine
house hath eaten me vp. 
   18 Then answered the Iewes,
and said vnto him, What signe shewest
thou vnto vs, seeing that thou doest
these things?
   19 Iesus answered, and said vnto
them, Destroy this temple, and in three
dayes I will raise it vp.
<P II,20>
   20 Then said the Iewes, Fourty and
six yeres was this Temple in building,
and wilt thou reare it vp in three dayes?
   21 But he spake of the temple of his
body.
   22 When therefore hee was risen
from the dead, his disciples remembred
that hee had said this vnto them: and
they beleeued the Scripture, and the
word which Iesus had said. 
   23 Now when hee was in Hierusalem
at the Passeouer, in the feast day,
many beleeued in his Name, when they
saw the miracles which he did.
   24 But Iesus did not commit himselfe
vnto them, because he knew al men,
   25 And needed not that any should
testifie of man: for hee knew what was
in man.

<P III,1>
[}CHAP. III.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   There was a man of the
Pharisees, named Nicodemus,
a ruler of y=e= Iewes:
   2 The same came to Iesus
by night, and said vnto
him, Rabbi, wee know that thou art a
teacher come from God: for no man
can doe these miracles that thou doest,
except God be with him.
   3 Iesus answered, and said vnto
him, Verily, verily I say vnto thee, except
a man be borne againe, he cannot
see the kingdome of God.
   4 Nicodemus saith vnto him, How
can a man be borne when he is old? can
he enter the second time into his mothers 
wombe, and be borne?
   5 Iesus answered, Verily, verily I
say vnto thee, except a man be borne of
water and of the spirit, he cannot enter
into the kingdome of God.
   6 That which is borne of the flesh,
is flesh, and that which is borne of the
spirit, is spirit.
   7 Marueile not that I saide vnto
thee, Ye must be borne againe.
   8 The winde bloweth where it listeth,
and thou hearest the sound thereof,
but canst not tel whence it commeth,
and whither it goeth: So is euery one
that is borne of the Spirit.
   9 Nicodemus answered, and said
vnto him, How can these things be?
   10 Iesus answered, and saide vnto
him, Art thou a master of Israel, and
knowest not these things?
   11 Verely, verely I say vnto thee,
We speake that we doe know, and testifie
that wee haue seene; and yee receiue
not our witnesse.
   12 If I haue tolde you earthly
things, and ye beleeue not: how shall ye
beleeue if I tell you of heauenly things?
   13 And no man hath ascended vp to
heauen, but hee that came downe from
heauen, (^euen^) the Sonne of man which
is in heauen.
   14 And as Moses lifted vp the
serpent in the wildernesse: euen so must
the Sonne of man be lifted vp:
   15 That whosoeuer beleeueth in
him, should not perish, but haue eternall 
life.
   16 For God so loued y=e= world, that
he gaue his only begotten Sonne: that
whosoeuer beleeueth in him, should
not perish, but haue euerlasting life.
   17 For God sent not his Sonne into
the world to condemne the world:
but that the world through him might
be saued.
   18 He that beleeueth on him, is not
condemned: but hee that beleeueth not,
is condemned already, because hee hath
not beleeued in the Name of the onely
begotten Sonne of God.
   19 And this is the condemnation,
that light is come into the world, and
men loued darknesse rather then light,
because their deedes were euill.
<P III,20>
   20 For euery one that doeth euill, hateth
the light, neither commeth to the
light, lest his deeds should be reproued.
   21 But hee that doeth trueth, commeth
to the light, that his deeds may be
made manifest, that they are wrought
in God.
   22 After these things, came Iesus
and his disciples into the land of Iudea,
and there hee taried with them,
and baptized.
   23 And Iohn also was baptizing
in Aenon, neere to Sallim, because there
was much water there: and they came,
and were baptized.
   24 For Iohn was not yet cast into
prison.
   25 Then there arose a question between
some of Iohns disciples and the 
Iewes, about purifying.
   26 And they came vnto Iohn, and
said vnto him, Rabbi, he that was with
thee beyond Iordane, to whom thou
barest witnesse, behold, the same baptizeth, 
and all men come to him.
   27 Iohn answered, and said, A man
can receiue nothing, except it be giuen
him from heauen.
   28 Ye your selues beare me witnesse,
that I said, I am not the Christ, but
that I am sent before him.
   29 He that hath the bride, is the bridegrome: 
but the friend of the bridegrome,
which standeth and heareth
him, reioyceth greatly because of the
bridegromes voice: This my ioy therefore
is fulfilled.
   30 Hee must increase, but I must decrease.
   31 Hee that commeth from aboue, is
aboue all: hee that is of the earth, is
earthly, and speaketh of the earth: hee
that co~meth from heauen is aboue all:
   32 And what hee hath seene and
heard, that he testifieth, and no man receiueth
his testimony:
   33 He that hath receiued his testimonie,
hath set to his seale, that God is
true.
   34 For he whom God hath sent, speaketh
the words of God: For God giueth
not the Spirit by measure (^vnto him^) .
   35 The Father loueth the Sonne,
and hath giuen al things into his hand.
   36 He that beleeueth on the Sonne,
hath euerlasting life: and he that beleeueth
not the Sonne, shall not see life:
but the wrath of God abideth on him.

<P IV,1>
[}CHAP. IIII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   When therefore the Lord
knew how the Pharisees
had heard that Iesus
made and baptized moe
disciples then Iohn,
   2 (Though Iesus himselfe baptized
not, but his disciples:)
   3 He left Iudea, and departed againe
into Galile.
   4 And hee must needs goe thorow
Samaria.
   5 Then commeth he to a city of Samaria,
which is called Sychar, neere
to the parcell of ground that Iacob
gaue to his sonne Ioseph.
   6 Now Iacobs Well was there.
Iesus therefore being wearied with
his iourney, sate thus on the Well: and
it was about the sixth houre.
   7 There commeth a woman of
Samaria to draw water: Iesus sayth
vnto her, Giue me to drinke.
   8 For his disciples were gone away
vnto the city to buy meate.
   9 Then saith the woman of Samaria
vnto him, How is it that thou, being
a Iewe, askest drinke of me, which
am a woman of Samaria? For the
Iewes haue no dealings with the Samaritanes.
   10 Iesus answered, and said vnto
her, If thou knewest the gift of God,
and who it is that sayth to thee, Giue
me to drinke; thou wouldest haue asked
of him, and hee would haue giuen
thee liuing water.
   11 The woman saith vnto him, Sir,
thou hast nothing to drawe with, and
the Well is deepe: from whence then
hast thou that liuing water?
   12 Art thou greater then our father
Iacob, which gaue vs the Well, and
dranke thereof himselfe, and his children,
and his cattell?
   13 Iesus answered, and said vnto
her, Whosoeuer drinketh of this water,
shall thirst againe:
   14 But whosoeuer drinketh of the
water that I shal giue him, shall neuer
thirst: but the water that I shall giue
him, shalbe in him a well of water springing
vp into euerlasting life.
   15 The woman saith vnto him, Sir,
giue me this water, that I thirst not,
neither come hither to draw.
   16 Iesus saith vnto her, Goe, call
thy husband, and come hither.
   17 The woman answered, and said,
I haue no husband. Iesus said vnto
her, Thou hast well said, I haue no
husband:
   18 For thou hast had fiue husbands,
and he whom thou now hast, is not thy
husband: In that saidest thou truely.
   19 The woman saith vnto him, Sir,
I perceiue that thou art a Prophet.
<P IV,20>
   20 Our fathers worshipped in this
mountaine, and ye say, that in Hierusalem
is the place where men ought to
worship.
   21 Iesus saith vnto her, Woman,
beleeue me, the houre commeth when
ye shall neither in this mountaine, nor
yet at Hierusalem, worship the Father.
   22 Ye worship ye know not what:
we know what we worship: for saluation
is of the Iewes.
   23 But the houre commeth, and
now is, when the true worshippers
shall worship the Father in spirit, and
in trueth: for the Father seeketh such
to worship him.
   24 God is a Spirit, and they that
worship him, must worship him in spirit, 
and in trueth.
   25 The woman saith vnto him, I
know that Messias commeth, which is
called Christ: when he is come, hee will
tell vs all things.
   26 Iesus sayth vnto her, I that
speake vnto thee, am hee.
   27 And vpon this came his disciples,
and marueiled that he talked with
the woman: yet no man said, What seekest
thou, or, Why talkest thou with
her?
   28 The woman then left her waterpot,
and went her way into the city,
and sayth to the men,
   29 Come, see a man, which tolde me
all things that euer I did: Is not this
the Christ?
   30 Then they went out of the citie,
and came vnto him.
   31 In the meane while his disciples
prayed him, saying, Master, eate.
   32 But hee said vnto them, I haue
meate to eate that ye know not of.
   33 Therefore said the disciples one
to another, Hath any man brought him
ought to eate?
   34 Iesus saith vnto them, My meat
is, to doe the will of him that sent mee,
and to finish his worke.
   35 Say not ye, There are yet foure
moneths, and then commeth haruest?
Behold, I say vnto you, Lift vp your
eyes, and looke on the fields: for they
are white already to haruest.
   36 And hee that reapeth receiueth
wages, and gathereth fruite vnto life
eternall: that both he that soweth, and
he that reapeth, may reioyce together.
   37 And herein is that saying true:
One soweth, and another reapeth.
   38 I sent you to reape that, whereon
ye bestowed no labour: other men laboured,
and yee are entred into their labours.
   39 And many of the Samaritanes
of that citie beleeued on him, for the saying
of the woman, which testified, Hee
told me all that euer I did.
<P IV,40>
   40 So when the Samaritanes were
come vnto him, they besought him that
he would tarie with them, and he abode
there two dayes.
   41 And many moe beleeued, because
of his owne word:
   42 And said vnto the woman, Now
we beleeue, not because of thy saying,
for we haue heard him our selues, and
know that this is indeed the Christ, the
Sauiour of the world.
   43 Now after two dayes he departed
thence, and went into Galilee:
   44 For Iesus himselfe testified, that
a Prophet hath no honour in his owne
countrey.
   45 Then when hee was come into
Galilee, the Galileans receiued him, hauing
seene all the things that hee did at
Hierusalem at the Feast: for they also
went vnto the Feast.
   46 So Iesus came againe into Cana
of Galilee, where hee made the water
wine. And there was a certaine
noble man, whose sonne was sicke at
Capernaum.
   47 When he heard that Iesus was
come out of Iudea into Galilee, hee
went vnto him, and besought him that
he would come downe, and heale his
sonne: for he was at the point of death.
   48 Then said Iesus vnto him, Except
ye see signes and wonders, yee will
not beleeue.
   49 The noble man saith vnto him,
Syr, come downe ere my child die.
   50 Iesus saith vnto him, Go thy way,
thy sonne liueth. And the man beleeued
the word that Iesus had spoken vnto
him, and he went his way.
   51 And as he was now going down,
his seruants met him, and told him, saying,
Thy sonne liueth.
   52 Then inquired hee of them the
houre when he began to amend: and
they said vnto him, Yesterday at the seuenth
houre the feuer left him.
   53 So the father knewe that it was
at the same houre, in the which Iesus
said vnto him, Thy sonne liueth, and
himselfe beleeued, and his whole house.
   54 This is againe the second miracle
that Iesus did, when hee was come
out of Iudea into Galilee.

<P V,1>
[}CHAP. V.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   After this there was a
feast of the Iewes, and
Iesus went vp to Hierusalem.
   2 Now there is at Hierusalem
by the sheepe (^market^) , a poole,
which is called in the Hebrew tongue (^Bethesda^) ,
hauing fiue porches.
   3 In these lay a great multitude of
impotent folke, of blind, halt, withered,
waiting for the mouing of the water.
   4 For an Angel went downe at a
certaine season into the poole, and troubled
the water: whosoeuer then first after
the troubling of the water stepped
in, was made whole of whatsoeuer disease
he had.
   5 And a certaine man was there,
which had an infirmitie thirtie and
eight yeeres.
   6 When Iesus saw him lie, & knew
that hee had beene now a long time in
that case, he sayth vnto him, Wilt thou
be made whole?
   7 The impotent man answered
him, Sir, I haue no man when the
water is troubled, to put mee into the
poole: but while I am comming, another
steppeth downe before me.
   8 Iesus sayth vnto him, Rise, take
vp thy bed, and walke.
   9 And immediatly the man was
made whole, and tooke vp his bed, and
walked: And on the same day was the
Sabbath.
   10 The Iewes therefore said vnto
him that was cured, It is the Sabbath 
day, it is not lawfull for thee to
cary thy bed.
   11 He answered them, He that made
me whole, the same said vnto me, Take
vp thy bed, and walke?
   12 Then asked they him, What man
is that which said vnto thee, Take vp 
thy bed, and walke?
   13 And he that was healed, wist not
who it was: for Iesus had conueyed
himselfe away, a multitude being in
that place.
   14 Afterward Iesus findeth him in
the Temple, & said vnto him, Behold,
thou art made whole: sinne no more,
lest a worse thing come vnto thee.
   15 The man departed, and tolde the
Iewes that it was Iesus which had
made him whole.
   16 And therefore did the Iewes persecute
Iesus, and sought to slay him,
because he had done these things on the
Sabbath day.
   17 But Iesus answered them, My
Father worketh hitherto, & I worke.
   18 Therefore the Iewes sought the
more to kill him, not onely because hee
had broken the Sabbath, but said also,
that God was his father, making himselfe
equall with God.
   19 Then answered Iesus, and saide
vnto them, Verily, verily I say vnto
you, The sonne can doe nothing of himselfe,
but what he seeth the Father doe:
for what things soeuer he doeth, these
also doth the sonne likewise.
<P V,20>
   20 For the father loueth the sonne,
and sheweth him all things that himselfe
doth: & he will shew him greater
works then these, that ye may marueile.
   21 For as the Father raiseth vp the
dead, and quickeneth them: euen so the
Sonne quickeneth whom he will.
   22 For the Father iudgeth no man:
but hath committed all iudgement vnto
the Sonne:
   23 That all men should honour the
Son, euen as they honour the Father.
He that honoureth not y=e= Sonne, honoreth
not y=e= Father which hath sent him.
   24 Verily, verily I say vnto you,
Hee that heareth my word, & beleeueth
on him that sent mee, hath euerlasting
life, and shall not come into condemnation:
but is passed from death vnto life.
   25 Verily, verily I say vnto you, The
houre is comming, & now is, when the
dead shall heare the voice of the Sonne
of God: and they that heare, shall liue.
   26 For as the Father hath life in
himselfe: so hath he giuen to the Sonne
to haue life in himselfe:
   27 And hath giuen authority to
execute iudgement also, because he is the
Sonne of man.
   28 Marueile not at this: for the
houre is comming, in the which all that
are in the graues shall heare his voice,
   29 And shall come foorth, they that
haue done good, vnto the resurrection
of life, and they that haue done euill, vnto
the resurrection of damnation.
   30 I can of mine owne selfe doe nothing: 
as I heare, I iudge: and my
iudgement is iust, because I seeke not
mine owne will, but the will of the Father,
which hath sent me.
   31 If I beare witnesse of my selfe,
my witnesse is not true.
   32 There is another that beareth
witnesse of me, & I know that the witnesse
which he witnesseth of me, is true.
   33 Ye sent vnto Iohn, and he bare
witnesse vnto the trueth.
   34 But I receiue not testimonie
from man: but these things I say, that
ye might be saued.
   35 He was a burning and a shining
light: and ye were willing for a season
to reioyce in his light.
   36 But I haue greater witnesse
then that of Iohn: for the workes
which the Father hath giuen me to finish,
the same workes that I doe, beare
witnesse of mee, that the Father hath
sent me.
   37 And the Father himselfe which
hath sent me, hath borne witnesse of
me. Ye haue neither heard his voyce at
any time, nor seene his shape.
   38 And ye haue not his word abiding
in you: for whom he hath sent, him ye
beleeue not.
   39 Search the Scriptures, for in
them ye thinke ye haue eternall life, and
they are they which testifie of me.
<P V,40>
   40 And ye will not come to me, that
ye might haue life.
   41 I receiue not honour from men.
   42 But I know you, that ye haue
not the loue of God in you.
   43 I am come in my Fathers name,
and ye receiue me not: if another shall
come in his owne Name, him ye will
receiue.
   44 How can ye beleeue, which receiue
honour one of another, & seeke not
the honour that commeth from God
onely?
   45 Doe not thinke that I will accuse
you to the Father: there is one that
accuseth you, euen Moses, in whom ye
trust?
   46 For had ye beleeued Moses, ye
would haue beleeued me: for he wrote
of me.
   47 But if ye beleeue not his writings,
how shall ye beleeue my words?

<P VI,1>
[}CHAP. VI.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   After these things Iesus
went ouer the sea of Galilee,
which is the sea of
Tiberias:
   2 And a great multitude
followed him,  because they saw his 
miracles which hee did on them that
were diseased. 
   3 And Iesus went vp into a mountaine,
and there hee sate with his 
disciples.
   4 And the Passeouer, a feast of the 
Iewes, was nigh.
   5 When Iesus then lift vp his
eyes, and saw a great company come
vnto him, he saith vnto Philip, Whence
shall we buy bread, that these may eate? 
   6 (And this he said to proue him: for
he himselfe knew what he would doe)
   7 Philip answered him, Two hundred
peny-worth of bread is not sufficient
for them, that euery one of them 
may take a litle. 
   8 One of his disciples, Andrew, Simon
Peters brother, saith vnto him,
   9 There is a lad here, which hath 
fiue barley loaues, and two small 
fishes: but what are they among so 
many?
   10 And Iesus said, Make the men sit
downe. Now there was much grasse
in the place. So the men sate downe, in
number about fiue thousand. 
   11 And Iesus tooke the loaues, and
when he had giuen thankes, hee distributed
to the disciples, and the disciples
to them that were set downe, and likewise
of the fishes, as much as they 
would.  
   12 When they were filled, he said vnto
his disciples, Gather vp the fragments
that remaine, that nothing be lost. 
   13 Therefore they gathered them
together, and filled twelue baskets with
the fragments of the fiue barley loaues, 
which remained ouer and aboue, vnto 
them that had eaten. 
   14 Then those men, when they had
seene the miracle that Iesus did, said,
This is of a trueth that Prophet that
should come into the world. 
   15 When Iesus therefore perceiued
that they would come and take 
him by force, to make him a King, hee
departed againe into a mountaine, 
himselfe alone.
   16 And when euen was now come, 
his disciples went downe vnto the sea,
   17 And entred into a ship, and went
ouer the sea towards Capernaum: and
it was now darke, and Iesus was not
come to them. 
   18 And the sea arose, by reason of a 
great winde that blew.
   19 So when they had rowed about
fiue and twentie, or thirtie furlongs,
they see Iesus walking on the sea, and
drawing nigh vnto the ship: and they
were afraid. 
<P VI,20>
   20 But he saith vnto them, It is I, 
be not afraid. 
   21 Then they willingly receiued him
 into the ship, and immediatly the ship
was at the land whither they went. 
   22 The day following, when the
people which stood on the other side of
the sea, saw that there was none other
boat there, saue that one whereinto his
disciples were entred, and that Iesus
went not with his disciples into the
boat, but that his disciples were gone
away alone:
   23 Howbeit there came other boats
from Tiberias, nigh vnto the place
where they did eate bread, after that the
Lord had giuen thankes:
   24 When the people therefore saw 
that Iesus was not there, neither 
his disciples, they also tooke shipping, 
and came to Capernaum, seeking for
Iesus. 
   25 And when they had found him
on the other side of the sea, they saide
vnto him, Rabbi, when camest thou 
hither? 
   26 Iesus answered them, and said, 
Verely, verely I say vnto you, Ye seeke
me, not because ye saw the miracles, but
because yee did eate of the loaues, and 
were filled. 
   27 Labour not for the meat which 
perisheth, but for that meat which endureth
vnto euerlasting life, which the 
Sonne of man shall giue vnto you: for
him hath God the Father sealed. 
   28 Then said they vnto him, What 
shall we doe, that we might worke the
workes of God?  
   29 Iesus answered, and said vnto 
them, This is the worke of God, that
ye beleeue on him whom he hath sent. 
   30 They said therefore vnto him, 
What signe shewest thou then, that we
may see, and beleeue thee? What doest
thou worke? 
   31 Our fathers did eate Manna in 
the desert, as it is written, He gaue
them bread from heauen to eate. 
   32 Then Iesus said vnto them, Verely, 
verely I say vnto you, Moses gaue 
you not that bread from heauen, but
my Father giueth you the true bread
from heauen. 
   33 For the bread of God is hee which
commeth downe from heauen, and giueth
life vnto the world.
   34 Then said they vnto him, Lord, 
euermore giue vs this bread. 
   35 And Iesus said vnto them, I am
the bread of life: hee that commeth to
me, shall neuer hunger: and he that beleeueth
on me, shall neuer thirst. 
   36  But I said vnto you, that ye also
haue seene me, and beleeue not. 
   37 All that the Father giueth mee, 
shall come to mee; and him that commeth
to me, I will in no wise cast out. 
   38  For I came downe from heauen, 
not to doe mine owne will, but the will
of him that sent me. 
   39 And this is the Fathers wil which
hath sent me, that of all which he hath
giuen mee, I should lose nothing, but 
should raise it vp againe at the last day
<P VI,40>
   40 And this is the will of him that
sent me, that euery one which seeth the 
Sonne, and beleeueth on him, may 
haue euerlasting life: and I will raise
him vp at the last day. 
   41 The Iewes then murmured at
him, because hee said, I am the bread
which came downe from heauen. 
   42 And they said, Is not this Iesus 
the sonne of Ioseph, whose father 
and mother we know? How is it then
that hee sayth, I came downe from
heauen? 
   43 Iesus therefore answered, and
said vnto them, Murmure not among
your selues. 
   44 No man can come to me, except
the Father which hath sent me, draw
him: and I will raise him vp at the 
last day. 
   45 It is written in the Prophets, 
And they shall be all taught of God. Euery
man therefoe that hath heard,
and hath learned of the Father, commeth
vnto me, 
   46 Not that any man hath seene the 
Father; saue hee which is of God, hee
hath seene the Father. 
   47 Verely, verely I say vnto you,
 Hee that beleeueth on me, hath euerlasting
life. 
   48 I am that bread of life. 
   49 Your fathers did eate Manna in 
the wildernesse, and are dead. 
   50 This is the bread which commeth
downe from heauen, that a man may
eate thereof, and not die. 
   51 I am the liuing bread, which came 
downe from heauen. If any man eate 
of this bread, he shall liue for euer: and
the bread that I will giue, is my flesh,
which I will giue for the life of the
world. 
   52 The Iewes therefore stroue amongst
themselues, saying, How can 
this man giue vs his flesh to eate? 
   53 Then Iesus sayd vnto them, 
Verely, verely I say vnto you, Except
yee eate the flesh of the sonne of man,
and drinke his blood, yee haue no life 
in you.
   54 Whoso eateth my flesh, and drinketh
my blood, hath eternall life, and 
I will raise him vp at the last day. 
   55 For my flesh is meate indeed, and
my blood is drinke indeed. 
   56 He that eateth my flesh, and drinketh
my blood, dwelleth in me, and I in him.
   57 As the liuing Father hath sent
me, and I liue by the Father: so, he that
eateth me, euen he shall liue by me. 
   58 This is that bread which came 
downe from heauen: not as your fathers
did eate Manna, and are dead: he 
that eateth of this bread, shall liue for
euer. 
   59 These things said hee in the Synagogue,
as he taught in Capernaum. 
<P VI,60>
   60 Many therefore of his disciples, 
when they had heard (^this^) , said, This is 
an hard saying, who can heare it? 
   61 When Iesus knew in himselfe, 
that his disciples murmured at it, hee
said vnto them, Doeth this offend you?
   62 (^What^) and if yee shall see the
sonne of man ascend vp where hee was
before? 
   63 It is the Spirit that quickeneth, 
the flesh profiteth nothing: the wordes
that  I speake vnto you, they are Spirit, 
and they are life. 
   64 But there are some of you that
beleeue not. For Iesus knew from the
beginning, who they were that beleeued
not, and who should betray him. 
   65 And he said, Therefore said I vnto
you, that no man can come vnto me, 
except it were giuen vnto him of  my 
Father. 
   66 From that time many of his 
disciples went backe, and walked no
more with him.
   67 Then said Iesus vnto the twelue, 
Will ye also goe away?
   68 Then Simon Peter answered 
him, Lord, to whom shall we goe?
Thou hast the words of eternall life. 
   69 And we beleeue and are sure that
thou art that Christ, the Sonne of the 
liuing God. 
   70 Iesus answered them, Haue not
I chosen you twelue, and one of you is 
a deuill?
   71 He spake of Iudas Iscariot the
sonne of Simon: for hee it was that
should betray him, being one of the 
twelue. 

<P VII,1>
[}CHAP. VII}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   After these things, Iesus 
walked in Galilee: for hee
would not walk in Iurie, 
because the Iewes sought
to kill him. 
   2 Now the Iewes feast of Tabernacles
was at hand. 
   3 His brethren therefore saide vnto
him, Depart hence, and go into Iudea, 
that thy Disciples also may see the
works that thou doest. 
   4 For there is no man that doth any
thing in secret, and hee himselfe seeketh
to be knowen openly: If thou doe 
these things, shew thy selfe to y=e= world.
   5 For neither did his brethren beleeue
in him. 
   6 Then Iesus said vnto them, My 
time is not yet come: but your time is
alway ready. 
   7 The world cannot hate you, but
me it hateth, because I testifie of it, that 
the workes therof are euill. 
   8 Goe ye vp vnto this feast:  I goe 
not vp yet vnto this feast, for my time
is not yet full come. 
   9 When he had said these words vnto 
them, he abode still in Galilee. 
   10 But when his brethren were 
gone vp, then went he also vp vnto the
feast, not openly, but as it were in secret. 
   11 Then the Iewes sought him at 
the feast, and said, Where is he?
   12 And there was much murmuring
among the people, concerning him: For
some said, Hee is a good man: Others
said, Nay, but he deceiueth the people. 
   13 Howbeit, no man spake openly of
him, for feare of the Iewes. 
   14 Now about the middest of the 
feast, Iesus went vp into the Temple, 
and taught.
   15 And the Iewes marueiled, saying, 
How knoweth this man letters, hauing
neuer learned? 
   16 Iesus answered them, My doctrine
is not mine, but his that sent me. 
   17 If any man will doe his will, he 
shall know of the doctrine, whether it
be of God, or whether I speake of my 
selfe. 
   18 He that speaketh of himselfe, seeketh
his owne glory: but he that seeketh
his glory that sent him, the same is true, 
and no vnrighteousnesse is in him. 
   19 Did not Moses giue you the Law, 
and (^yet^) none of you keepeth the Law? 
Why goe ye about to kill me? 
<P VII,20>
   20 The people answered, and sayd,
Thou hast a deuill: Who goeth about
to kill thee? 
   21 Iesus answered, and saide vnto 
them, I haue done one worke, and yee 
all marueile.
   22 Moses therefore gaue vnto you 
Circumcision (not because it is of Moses,
but of the fathers) and yee on the 
Sabbath day circumcise a man. 
   23 If a man on the Sabbath day receiue 
circumcision, that the Lawe of
Moses should not be broken; Are ye angry
at me, because I haue made a man 
euery whit whole on the Sabbath day? 
   24 Iudge not according to the appearance, 
but iudge righteous iudgement. 
   25 Then said some of them of Hierusalem, 
Is not this hee, whome they 
seeke to kill? 
   26 But loe, he speaketh boldly, and 
they say nothing vnto him: Doe the 
rulers know indeede that this is the 
very Christ? 
   27 Howbeit wee  know this man 
whence he is: but when Christ commeth,
no man knoweth whence he is.
   28 Then cried Iesus in the Temple
as he taught, saying, Ye both know me, 
and ye know, whence I am, and I am 
not come of my selfe, but he that sent me, 
is true, whom ye know not. 
   29 But I know him, for I am from
him, and he hath sent me.
   30 Then they sought to take him:
but no man laid hands on him, because
his houre was not yet come. 
   31 And many of the people beleeued 
on him, & said, When Christ commeth, 
will hee doe moe miracles then these
which this man hath done? 
   32 The Pharisees heard that the
people murmured such things concerning
him: And the Pharisees and the
chiefe Priests sent officers to take him.
   33 Then said Iesus vnto them, Yet
a litle while am I with you, and then
I goe vnto him that sent me. 
   34 Ye shall seeke me, and shall not
find me: and where I am, thither yee
cannot come. 
   35  Then saide the Iewes among
themselues, Whither will hee goe, that
we shall not find him? Will he goe vnto
the dispersed among the Gentiles, and 
teach the Gentiles?
   36 What maner of saying is this that
he said, Ye shall seeke me, and shall not
find me? and where I am, thither ye 
cannot come? 
   37 In the last day, that great day of 
the feast, Iesus stood, and cried, saying, 
If any man thirst, let him come vnto 
me, and drinke. 
   38 He that beleeueth on me, as the 
Scripture hath saide, out of his belly
shall flow riuers of liuing water.
   39 (But this spake he of the Spirit
which they that beleeue on him, should
receiue. For the holy Ghost was not yet
(^giuen^) , because that Iesus was not yet
glorified.)
<P VII,40>
   40 Many of the people therefore, 
when they heard this saying, saide, Of
a trueth this is the Prophet. 
   41 Others said, This is the Christ.
But some said, Shall Christ come out
of Galilee? 
   42 Hath not the Scripture saide, 
that Christ commeth of the seede of 
Dauid, and out of the towne of Bethelem,
where Dauid was? 
   43 So there was a diuision among 
the people because of him. 
   44 And some of them would haue
taken him, but no man layed hands on
him.
   45 Then came the officers to the
chiefe Priests and Pharises, and they
said vnto them, Why haue ye not
brought him? 
   46 The officers answered, Neuer
man spake like this man. 
   47 Then answered them the Pharisees, 
Are ye also deceiued? 
   48 Haue any of the rulers, or of the
Pharises beleeued on him? 
   49 But this people who knoweth 
not the Law, are cursed.
   50 Nicodemus saith vnto them, 
(He that came to Iesus by night, being
one of them,)
   51 Doth our Law iudge any man before
it heare him, & know what he doth? 
   52 They answered, and said vnto 
him, Art thou also of Galilee? Search,
and looke: for out of Galilee ariseth no 
Prophet. 
   53 And euery man went vnto his
owne house.

<P VIII,1>
[}CHAP. VIII.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   Iesus went vnto y=e= Mount 
of Oliues:
   2 And earely in the 
morning hee came againe
into the Temple, and all
the people came vnto him, and he sate
downe, and taught them. 
   3 And the Scribes and Pharisees 
brought vnto him a woman taken in 
adultery, and when they had set her in 
the mids, 
   4 They say vnto him, Master, this
woman was taken in adultery, in the
very act. 
   5 Now Moses in the Law commanded
vs, that such should be stoned: 
but what sayest thou? 
   6 This they said, tempting him, 
that they might haue to accuse him. But
Iesus stouped downe, and with his finger
wrote on the ground as though he
heard them not. 
   7 So when they continued asking
him, hee lift vp himselfe, and saide vnto 
them, Hee that is without sinne 
among you, let him first cast a stone
at her.
   8 And againe, hee stouped downe, 
and wrote on the ground. 
   9 And they which heard it, being
conuicted by their owne conscience, 
went out one by one, beginning at the
eldest, euen vnto the last: and Iesus 
was left alone, and the woman standing
in the midst. 
   10 When Iesus had lift vp himselfe,
and saw none but the woman, hee said
vnto her, Woman, where are those
thine accusers? Hath no man condemned 
thee? 
   11 She saide, No man, Lord. And
Iesus saide vnto her, Neither doe I 
condemne thee: Goe, and sinne no 
more. 
   12 Then spake Iesus againe vnto 
them, saying, I am the light of the 
world: he that followeth mee, shall not
walke in the darkenesse, but shall haue the
light of life.
   13 The Pharisees therefore said vnto 
him, Thou bearest record of thy selfe,
thy record is not true. 
   14 Iesus answered, and said vnto 
them, Though I beare record of my
selfe, yet my record is true: for I know
whence I came, and whither I goe: 
but ye cannot tell whence I come, and 
whither I goe.
   15 Yee iudge after the flesh, I iudge
no man. 
   16 And yet if I iudge, my iudgement 
is true: for I am not alone, but I and
the Father that sent me.
   17 It is also written in your Law,
that the testimonie of two men is true. 
   18 I am one that beare witnesse of 
my selfe, and the Father that sent mee, 
beareth witnesse of me. 
   19 Then said they vnto him, Where 
is thy Father? Iesus answered, Ye neither
know me, nor my Father: if ye had
knowen mee, yee should  haue knowen
my Father also. 
<P VIII,20>
   20 These words spake Iesus in the 
treasury, as hee taught in the Temple: 
and no man layd hands on him, for his
houre was not yet come. 
  21 Then saide Iesus againe vnto
them, I goe my way, and ye shall seeke
me, & shall die in your sinnes: Whither
I goe, ye cannot come. 
   22 Then said the Iewes, Will hee
kill himselfe? because he saith, Whither
I goe, ye cannot come.
   23 And hee said vnto them, Yee are 
from beneath, I am from aboue: Yee 
are of this world, I am not of this
world.
   24 I said therefore vnto you, that ye
shall die in your sinnes. For if yee beleeue
not that I am hee, yee shall die in
your sinnes. 
   25 Then said they vnto him, Who 
art thou? And Iesus saith vnto them, 
Euen the same that I saide vnto you
from the beginning.
   26 I haue many things to say, and 
to iudge of you: But hee that sent mee 
is true, and I speake to the world,
those things which I haue heard of 
him.
   27 They vnderstood not that hee
spake to them of the Father. 
   28 Then saide Iesus vnto them, 
When yee haue lift vp the Sonne of 
man, then shall ye know that I am he, 
and that I doe nothing of my selfe: but
as my Father hath taught mee, I 
speake these things. 
   29 And he that sent me, is with me: 
the Father hath not left mee alone: for
I doe alwayes those things that
please him. 
   30 As hee spake those words, many
beleeued on him.
   31 Then said Iesus to those Iewes
which beleeued on him, If ye continue
in my word, then are yee my disciples 
indeed. 
   32 And ye shall know the Trueth, 
and the Trueth shall make you free. 
   33 They answered him, We be Abraham
seed, and were neuer in bondage
to any man: how sayest thou, Yee
shall be made free?
   34 Iesus answered them, Verily,
verily I say vnto you, Whosoeuer
committeth sinne, is the seruant of 
sinne.
   35 And the seruant abideth not in 
the house for euer: but the Sonne abideth
euer.
   36 If the Sonne therfore shall make 
you free, ye shall be free indeed. 
   37 I know that yee are Abrahams 
seed, but ye seeke to kill mee, because my
word hath no place in you. 
   38 I speake that which I haue seene
with my Father: and ye do that which
ye haue seene with your father.   
   39 They answered, and said vnto 
him, Abraham is our father. Iesus 
sayth vnto them, If yee were Abrahams 
children, ye would doe the works 
of Abraham.
<P VIII,40>
   40 But now yee seeke to kill me, a 
man that hath tolde you the trueth, 
which I haue heard of God: this did 
not Abraham.
   41 Ye doe the deeds of your father. 
Then said they to him, We be not borne
of fornication, wee haue one Father,
euen God.
   42 Iesus said vnto them, If God
were your Father, yee would loue me, 
for I proceeded foorth, and came from
God: neither came I of my selfe, but
he sent me. 
   43 Why doe yee not vnderstand my
speech? euen because yee cannot heare
my word. 
   44 Ye are of your father  the deuill,
and the lusts of your father ye will doe: 
he was a murtherer from the beginning,
and abode not in the trueth, because
there is no truth in him. When he 
speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his owne: 
for he is a liar, and the father of it.
   45 And because I tell you the truth, 
ye beleeue me not. 
   46 Which of you conuinceth mee of 
sinne? And if I say the trueth, why doe
ye not beleeue me? 
   47 He that is of God, heareth Gods
words: ye therefore heare them not, because
ye are not of God.
   48 Then answered the Iewes, and 
said vnto him, Say wee not well that 
thou art a Samaritane, & hast a deuill? 
   49 Iesus answered, I haue not a 
deuill: but I honour my Father, and
ye doe dishonour me. 
   50 And I seeke not mine owne glory,
there is one that seeketh & iudgeth. 
   51 Verely, verely I say vnto you, If
a man keepe my saying, hee shall neuer
see death. 
   52 Then said the Iewes vnto him, 
Now we know that thou hast a deuill.
Abraham is dead, and the Prophets: 
and thou sayest, If a man keepe my saying,
he shall neuer taste of death. 
   53 Art thou greater then our father
Abraham, which is dead? and the Prophets 
are dead: whom makest thou 
thy selfe? 
   54 Iesus answered, If I honour
my selfe, my honour is nothing: it is my 
Father that honoureth me, of whom 
ye say, that he is your God:
   55 Yet ye haue not knowen him, but
I know him: and if I should say, I 
know him not, I shalbe a lyar like vnto
you: but I know him, and keepe his 
saying. 
   56 Your father Abraham reioyced to 
see my day: and he saw it, & was glad.
   57 Then said the Iewes vnto him,
Thou art not yet fiftie yeeres olde, and
hast thou seene Abraham?
   58 Iesus said vnto them, Verely, 
verely I say vnto you, Before Abraham
was, I am.
   59 Then tooke they vp stones to cast
at him: but Iesus hidde himselfe, and 
went out of the Temple, going thorow 
the midst of them, and so passed by. 

<P IX,1>
[}CHAP. IX.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   And as Iesus passed by, 
he saw a man which was 
blinde from his birth.
  2 And his disciples asked
him, saying, Master,
who did sinne, this man, or his parents, 
that he was borne blinde? 
   3 Iesus answered, Neither hath
this man sinned, nor his parents, but
that the workes of God should be made
manifest in him. 
   4 I must worke the workes of him
that sent me, while it is day: the night
commeth when no man can worke. 
   5 As long as I am in the world, 
I am the light of the world. 
   6 When he had thus spoken, he spat  
on the ground, and made clay of the
spettle, and he anointed the eyes of the 
blinde man with the clay.
   7 And said vnto him, Goe, wash in
the poole of Siloam (which is by interpretation,
Sent.) He went his way therfore,
and washed, and came seeing.
    8 The neighbours therefore, and 
they which before had seene him, that 
he was blinde, said, Is not this he that
sate and begged? 
   9 Some said, This is hee: others
said, Hee is like him: but hee sayd, I
am hee. 
   10 Therefore said they vnto him, 
How were thine eyes opened? 
   11 He answered and said, A man that
is called Iesus, made clay, and anointed
mine eyes, and said vnto me, Goe to the 
poole of Siloam, and wash: and I 
went and washed, and I receiued sight. 
   12 Then said they vnto him, Where 
is he? He said, I know not.
   13 They brought to the Pharisees
him that aforetime was blind. 
   14 And it was the Sabbath day
when Iesus made the clay, and opened
his eyes.
   15 Then againe the Pharisees also asked
him how he had receiued his sight.
He said vnto them, Hee put clay vpon
mine eyes, and I washed, and doe see. 
   16 Therefore said some of the Pharisees, 
This man is not of God, because 
hee keepeth not the Sabbath day. Others
said, How can a man that is a sinner, 
doe such miracles? and there was a 
diuision among them. 
   17  They say vnto the blind man againe, 
What sayest thou of him, that he 
hath opened thine eyes?  He said, Hee is 
a Prophet.
   18 But the Iewes did not beleeue
concerning him, that hee had bin blind, 
and receiued his sight, vntill they called
the parents of him that had receiued
his sight. 
   19 And they asked them, saying, Is
this your sonne, who ye say was borne
blind? how then doth he now see? 
<P IX,20>
   20 His parents answered them, and 
said, We know that this is our sonne, 
and that he was borne blind: 
   21 But by  what meanes he now seeth, 
we know not, or who hath opened his
eyes we know not: hee is of age, aske
him, he shall speake for himselfe. 
   22 These words spake his parents, 
because they feared the Iewes: for the 
Iewes had agreed already, that if any
man did confesse that he was Christ, he 
should be put out of the Synagogue.
   23 Therefore said his parents, He is
of age, aske him.
   24 Then againe called they the man 
that was blind, and said vnto him, Giue
God the praise, we know that this man
is a sinner. 
   25 He answered, and said, Whether
he be a sinner or no, I know not: One 
thing I know, that whereas I was 
blind, now I see. 
   26 Then saide they to him againe, 
What did he to thee? How opened hee
thine eyes? 
   27 He answered them, I haue told
you already, and ye did not heare: wherfore
would you heare it againe? Will ye 
also be his disciples? 
   28 Then they reuiled him, and said, 
Thou art his disciple, but we are Moses
disciples. 
   29 Wee know that God spake vnto 
Moses: as for this fellow, we knowe
not from whence he is. 
   30 The man answered, and said vnto
them, Why herein is a marueilous
thing, that ye know not from whence
he is, and yet he hath opened mine eyes.
   31 Now we know that God heareth
not sinners: but if any man bee a worshipper
of God, and doth his will, him 
he heareth. 
   32 Since the world began was it not 
heard that any man opened the eyes of 
one that was borne blinde: 
   33 If this man were not of God, 
he could doe nothing.
   34 They answered, and saide vnto
him, Thou wast altogether borne in 
sinnes, and doest thou teach vs?  And
they cast him out. 
   35 Iesus heard that they had cast
him out; and when hee had found him, 
he said vnto him, Doest thou beleeue on
the Sonne of God? 
   36 He answered and said, Who is he, 
Lord, that I might beleeue on him? 
   37 And Iesus said vnto him, Thou 
hast both seene him, and it is he that talketh
with thee. 
   38 And he said, Lord, I beleeue: and 
he worshipped him. 
   39 And Iesus said, For iudgement
I am come into this world, that they
which see not, might see, and that they
which see, might be made blind. 
<P IX,40>
   40 And some of the Pharisees
which were with him, heard these
words, and saide vnto him, Are wee
blinde also? 
   41 Iesus saide vnto them, If yee
were blind, ye should haue no sinne: but
now ye say, We see, therfore your sinne 
remaineth.

<P X,1>
[}CHAP. X.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   Verily, verily I say vnto 
you, He that entreth not
by y=e= doore into the sheepefold, 
but climeth vp some 
other way, the same is a 
theefe, and a robber. 
   2 But hee that entreth in by the 
doore, is the shepherd of the sheepe. 
   3 To him the porter openeth, and 
the sheepe heare his voyce, and he calleth
his owne sheepe by name, and leadeth
them out. 
   4 And when he putteth foorth his
owne sheepe, he goeth before them, and 
the sheepe follow him; for they know
his voyce. 
   5 And a stranger will they not follow, 
but will flee from him, for they 
know not the voyce of strangers. 
   6 This parable spake Iesus vnto
them: but they vnderstood not what
things they were which he spake vnto 
them. 
   7 Then said Iesus vnto them againe, 
Verily, verily I say vnto you, I 
am the doore of the sheepe. 
   8 All that euer came before me, are
theeues and robbers: but the sheepe did 
not heare them. 
   9 I am the doore; by me if any man
enter in, he shall be saued, and shall goe
in and out, and find pasture. 
   10 The theefe commeth not, but for
to steale and to kill, and to destroy: I 
am come that they might haue life, and
that they might haue it more 
abundantly. 
   11 I am the good shepheard: the 
good shepheard giueth his life for the 
sheepe. 
   12 But hee that is an hireling and 
not the shepheard, whose owne the 
sheepe are not, seeth the woolfe coming, 
and leaueth the sheep, and fleeth: 
and the woolfe catcheth them, and scattereth
the sheepe. 
   13 The hireling fleeth, because he is 
an hireling, & careth not for the sheepe. 
   14 I am the good shepheard, and 
know my sheepe, and am knowen of 
mine. 
   15 As the father knoweth me, euen
so know I the father: & I lay downe 
my life for the sheepe. 
   16 And other sheepe I haue, which
are not of this fold: them also I must
bring, and they shall heare my voyce; 
and there shall be one fold, (^and^) one 
shepheard.
   17 Therefore doth my father loue
me, because I lay downe my life that
I might take it againe. 
   18 No man taketh it from me, but I 
lay it downe of my selfe: I haue power
to lay it downe, and I haue power to 
take it againe. This commandement 
haue I receiued of my father. 
   19 There was a diuision therefore
againe among the Iewes for these 
sayings. 
<P X,20>
   20 And many of them said, He hath 
a deuill, and is mad, why heare ye him?
   21 Others said, These are not the 
words of him that hath a deuill. Can a 
deuill open the eyes of the blind? 
   22 And it was at Hierusalem the 
feast of the dedication, & it was winter. 
   23 And Iesus walked in the temple 
in Solomons porch. 
   24 Then came the Iewes round about
him, and said vnto him, How long 
doest thou make vs to doubt? If thou
be the Christ, tell vs plainely. 
   25 Iesus answered them, I told 
you, and ye beleeued not: the workes 
that I doe in my Fathers name, they 
beare witnesse of me. 
   26 But ye beleeue not, because ye are
not of my sheepe, as I said vnto you. 
   27 My sheepe heare my voyce, and 
I know them, and they follow me. 
   28 And I giue vnto them eternall
life, and they shall neuer perish, neither
shall any man plucke them out of my 
hand. 
   29 My father which gaue them me,  
is greater then all: and no man is able 
to plucke them out of my fathers hand. 
   30 I and my father are one. 
   31 Then the Iewes tooke vp stones
againe to stone him. 
   32 Iesus answered them, Many
good workes haue I shewed you from
my Father: for which of those workes
doe ye stone me? 
   33 The Iewes answered him, saying, 
For a good worke wee stone thee
not, but for blasphemy, and because that
thou, being a man, makest thy selfe 
God. 
   34 Iesus answered them, Is it not 
written in your law, I said, ye are 
gods? 
   35 If hee called them gods, vnto 
whom the word of God came, and the 
Scripture cannot be broken. 
   36 Say ye of him, whom the father
hath sanctified and sent into the world, 
Thou blasphemest; because I said, I 
am the Sonne of God? 
   37 If I doe not the workes of my 
Father, beleeue me not. 
   38 But if I doe, though yee beleeue
not me, beleeue the works: that ye may
know and beleeue that the Father is in 
me, and I in him. 
   39 Therefore they sought againe to
take him: but hee escaped out of their 
hand,
<P X,40>
   40 And went away againe beyond 
Iordane, into the place where Iohn
at first baptized: and there he abode. 
   41 And many resorted vnto him, 
and said, Iohn did no miracle: but all
things that Iohn spake of this man, 
were true. 
   42 And many beleeued on him there.

<P XI,1> 
[}CHAP. XI.}]

[^INTRODUCTION OMITTED^]
   Now a certaine man was 
sicke, named Lazarus of 
Bethanie, the towne of 
Mary, and her sister 
Martha. 
   2 (It was that Mary which anoynted 
the Lord with oyntment, and
wiped his feete with her haire, whose
brother Lazarus was sicke.)
   3 Therefore his sister sent vnto him, 
saying, Lord, behold, hee whom thou
louest, is sicke.
   4 When Iesus heard that, hee said,
This sicknesse is not vnto death, but for 
the glory of God, that the Sonne of 
God might be glorified thereby. 
   5 Now Iesus loued Martha, and
her sister, and Lazarus. 
   6 When he had heard therefore that
he was sicke, he abode two dayes still in
the same place where he was. 
   7 Then after that, saith hee to his 
disciples, Let vs go into Iudea againe. 
   8 His disciples say vnto him, Master, 
the Iewes of late sought to stone
thee, and goest thou thither againe? 
   9 Iesus answered, Are there not
twelue houres in the day? If any man 
walke in the day, he stumbleth not, 
because he seeth the light of this world. 
   10 But if a man walke in the night, 
hee stumbleth, because there is no light
in him. 
   11 These things said hee, and after 
that, hee saith vnto them, Our friend
Lazarus sleepeth, but I goe, that I 
may awake him out of sleepe. 
   12 Then said his disciples, Lord, if
he sleepe, he shall doe well. 
   13 Howbeit Iesus spake of his 
death: but they thought that hee had 
spoken of taking of rest in sleepe.
   14 Then saide Iesus vnto them
plainly, Lazarus is dead:
   15 And I am glad for your sakes, 
that I was not there (to the intent yee
may beleeue:) Neuerthelesse, let vs goe
vnto him.
   16 Then said Thomas, which is called
Didymus, vnto his fellow disciples, 
Let vs also goe, that we may die 
with him. 
   17 Then when Iesus came, hee 
found that hee had lien in the graue
foure dayes already.
   18 (Now Bethanie was nigh vnto
Hierusalem, about fifteene furlongs
off:) 
   19 And many of the Iewes came to 
Martha, and Mary, to comfort them
concerning their brother.
<P XI,20>
   20 Then Martha, as soone as shee
heard that Iesus was comming, went 
and met him: but Mary sate still in the
house. 
   21 Then saide Martha vnto Iesus, 
Lord, if thou hadst bene here, my brother
had not died. 
   22 But I know, that euen now, 
whatsoeuer thou wilt aske of God, 
God will giue it thee. 
   23 Iesus saith vnto her, Thy brother 
shall rise againe. 
   24 Martha sayeth vnto him, I
know that he shall rise againe in the resurrection
at the last day. 
   25 Iesus said vnto her, I am the 
resurrection, and the life: hee that beleeueth
in me, though he were dead, yet 
shall he liue. 
   26 And whosoeuer liueth, and beleeueth
in mee, shall neuer die. Beleeuest 
thou this? 
   27 She saith vnto him, Yea Lord, 
I beleeue that thou art the Christ the
Sonne of God, which should come into 
the world.
   28  And when shee had so said, shee
went her way, and called Mary her 
sister secretly, saying, The Master
is come, and calleth for thee. 
   29 Assoone as she heard that, she
arose quickely, and came vnto him. 
   30 Now Iesus was not yet come into
the towne, but was in that place 
where Martha met him. 
   31 The Iewes then which were 
with her in the house, and comforted
her, when they saw Mary that she rose
vp hastily, and went out, followed her, 
saying, Shee goeth vnto the graue, to
weepe there. 
   32 Then when Mary was come 
where Iesus was, and saw him, shee 
fell downe at his feete, saying vnto him, 
Lord, if thou hadst beene here, my brother
had not dyed. 
   33 When Iesus therefore sawe her 
weeping, and the Iewes also weeping
which came with her, hee groned in the 
Spirit, and was troubled,
   34 And said, Where haue ye laid him? 
They say vnto him, Lord, come, & see. 
   35 Iesus wept. 
   36 Then said the Iewes, Behold, 
how he loued him. 
   37 And some of them said, Could 
not this man, which opened the eyes
of the blinde, haue caused that euen this
man should not haue died? 
   38 Iesus therefore againe groning
in himselfe, commeth to the graue. It 
was a caue, and a stone lay vpon it.
   39 Iesus said, Take yee away the
stone. Martha, the sister of him that
was dead, sayth vnto him, Lord, by 
this time he stinketh: for he hath beene
dead foure dayes. 
<P XI,40>
   40 Iesus saith vnto her, Said I not 
vnto thee, that if thou wouldst beleeue,
thou shouldest see the glory of God? 
   41 Then they tooke away the stone
from the place where the dead was laid. 
And Iesus lift vp his eyes, and said, 
Father, I thanke thee, that thou hast 
heard me. 
   42 And I knewe that thou hearest
me alwayes: but because of the people
which stand by, I said it, that they may
beleeue that thou hast sent me. 
   43 And when hee thus had spoken, 
he cryed with a loude voice, Lazarus, 
come foorth.
   44 And he that was dead, came forth,
bound hand & foot with graue-clothes: 
and his face was bound about with a 
napkin. Iesus saith vnto them, Loose 
him, and let him goe. 
   45 Then many of the Iewes which 
came to Mary, and had seene the things
which Iesus did, beleeued on him. 
   46 But some of them went their 
wayes to the Pharises, and tolde them
what things Iesus had done. 
   47 Then gathered y=e= chiefe Priests
and the Pharises a councell, and said, 
What doe wee? for this man doeth many
miracles. 
   48 If we let him thus alone, all men 
will beleeue on him, and the Romanes
shall come, and take away both our 
place and nation. 
   49 And one of them named Caiaphas, 
being the high Priest that same yeere, 
said vnto them, Ye know nothing at all, 
   50 Nor consider that it is expedient
for vs, that one man should die for the 
people, and that the whole nation perish
not. 
   51 And this spake he not of himselfe: 
but being high Priest that yeere, he prophecied 
that Iesus should die for that 
nation: 
   52 And not for that nation only, but 
that also hee should gather together in 
one, the children of God that were scattered 
abroad.
   53 Then from that day foorth, they
tooke counsell together for to put him
to death. 
   54 Iesus therefore walked no more 
openly among the Iewes: but went 
thence vnto a countrey neere to the wildernesse,
into a city called Ephraim, and
there continued with his disciples.
   55 And the Iewes Passeouer was 
nigh at hand, and many went out of 
the countrey vp to Hierusalem before
the Passeouer to purifie themselues. 
   56 Then sought they for Iesus, and 
spake among themselues, as they stood
in the Temple, What thinke ye, that he 
will not come to the feast? 
   57 Now both the chiefe Priests and
the Pharises had giuen a commandement, 
that if any man knew where hee 
were, he should shew it, that they might
take him. 



<B CELAW3>
<Q E3 STA LAW STAT7>
<N STATUTES VII>
<A X>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LAW>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z STAT>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  STATUTES (VII).
THE STATUTES OF THE REALM.
PRINTED BY COMMAND OF HIS MAJESTY
KING GEORGE THE THIRD IN PURSUANCE
OF AN ADDRESS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS 
OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. VII.
LONDON: DAWSONS OF PALL MALL, 1963 (1820).
SAMPLE 1:
VII, PP. 75.1   - 77.20  (A. D. 1695-6, CH.  12)
SAMPLE 2:
VII, PP. 97.20  - 98.32  (A. D. 1695-6, CH.  20) 
SAMPLE 3:
VII, PP. 210.22 - 211.49 (A. D. 1696-7, CH.  16)
SAMPLE 4:
VII, PP. 454.27 - 460.7  (A. D. 1698,   CHS. 3-4)
SAMPLE 5:
VII, PP. 586.10 - 587.51 (A. D. 1698-9, CH.  4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P VII,75>
[}CHAPTER XII.}]

[}AN ACT FOR RELIEF OF POOR PRISONERS FOR DEBT OR DAMAGES.}]

   Whereas for several charitable and good Reasons an Act of    #
Parliament was made in the Twenty second
and Twenty third Yeares of the Reigne of our late Sovereigne    #
Lord King Charles the Second intituled
An Act for the Relief and Release of Poor distressed Prisoners  #
for Debt and because of some dubious Construction
of some Word~ in the said Act the same did not answer the full  #
Intent for which it was made And therefore for
Explanation thereof and to supply the Defect~ which did         #
obstruct the good End~ and Purposes of the said Act
another Act was made in the same Parliament in the Thirtieth    #
Yeare of the Reigne of the said late King intituled
An Act for the further Relief and Discharge of poor distressed  #
Prisoners for Debt by which said last mentioned Act
it was enacted That all Persons being in Prison upon the        #
Twenty ninth Day of May One thousand six hundred
seventy and eight for Debt or Damages upon any manner of        #
Processe whatsoever issuing out of any Court of Law
or Equity and who shall take the Oath in the said first         #
recited Act mentioned should and might bee released and
discharged from their Imprisonment~ in the same manner as       #
Persons being Prisoners might have been by the said
first mentioned Act and in case the said Debt and Damages had   #
been ascertained by Judgement. And whereas several
Persons have been discharged by virtue of the said two Act~     #
and alsoe by virtue of one other Act of Parliament
made in the Second Yeare of the Reigne of His present Majestie  #
and of Her late Majestie Queen Mary entituled
An Act for Relief of Poor Prisoners for Debt or Damages but by  #
reason of some Defect~ in the said Act~ of
Parliament the Discharges of many of the said Persons have not  #
been effectual. And whereas very many Persons
are detained in Prison although they are altogether unable to   #
make any Satisfaction to their Creditors and because
of such Confinement are a Charge and Burthen to the Kingdome    #
and rendred incapable to doe such Service as
otherwise they might to their King and Countrey and for the     #
help of themselves and their Families Bee it therefore
enacted by the King~ most Excellent Majestie by and with the    #
Advice and Consent of the Lord~ Spiritual and
Temporal and the Commons in this present Parliament assembled   #
and by the Authority of the same that all
Persons in Prison upon the Five and twentieth Day of December   #
in the Yeare of our Lord One thousand six
hundred ninety and five for Debt or Damages or for or upon any  #
Action or Actions or upon any mean Processe
for Debt Account or Trespasse upon the Case which Actions by    #
Prosecution of Law may bee Judgement~ for
Debt or Damages or who may have Judgement~ entred upon Record   #
against them or are charged in Execution
or imprisoned upon Attachment~ for Debt or upon Outlawries      #
before or after Judgement for Debt or upon any
other Processe whatsoever issued out of any Court of Law or     #
Equity for the Cause of Debt or Damages or Cost~
onely who shall take the Oath in the said first recited Act     #
mentioned and the Oath in this present Act following
required to bee taken by Prisoners shall and may bee released   #
and discharged from their Imprisonment~ in the
same forme and in such Manner as is contained and mentioned in  #
the said two first mentioned Act~ and as if
such Person was Prisoner before and att the time mentioned for  #
the Release and Discharge of such Prisoner in
either of the said two first mentioned Act~.
  
   And it is further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That    #
any Justice or Justices of the Peace who pursuant to
the said Two first mentioned Act~ and according to the true     #
Intent and Meaning of this present Act shall make
any Order for the Discharge of any Poor Prisoner for Debt such  #
Justice or Justices of Peace shall by Su~mons cause
to come and call before him or them any Sheriff Goaler or       #
Keeper of Prison of such Goal or Prison of and from
which such Prisoner or Prisoners hee shee or they is or are     #
and shall administer and give to such Sheriff Goaler
or Keeper of Prison an Oath to this Effect following viz=t=.

   I A.B. doe swear That I.S. was really and truely my Prisoner #
in my Custody without any Fraud or Deceit by
mee or by any other to my Knowledge att or upon the Five and    #
twentieth Day of December in the Yeare of
our Lord One thousand six hundred ninety and five. Soe help     #
mee God.

   Provided and bee it enacted by the Authority aforesaid That  #
if such Person who was Goaler or Keeper of such
Goal or Prison on the said Five and twentieth Day of December   #
One thousand six hundred ninety and five shall
not happen to bee the Goaler or Keeper of such Goal or Prison   #
att the time of the making such Su~mon that
then the said Justice or Justic~ of the Peace before whom the   #
Sheriff Goaler or Keeper of such Prison shall appeare
by virtue of such Warrant shall administer and give to such     #
Person as shall bee Sheriff Goaler or Keeper of such
Prison att the time of making of such Summons an Oath to the    #
Effect following viz=t=.

   I A.B. doe swear That I have examined the Committment~ or    #
Book~ kept of and concerning the Commitment~
of Prisoners to the Prison of C. in the County of D. and that   #
by them it doth appeare that I.S. was really and
truely a Prisoner in the Custody of E.F. the then Sheriff       #
Goaler or Keeper of the said Prison without any Fraud
or Deceit by mee or by the said E.F. or any other Person or     #
Persons to my Knowledge or Belief att or upon the
Five and twentieth day of December in the Yeare of our Lord     #
One thousand six hundred ninety and five.
Soe help mee God.

   And bee it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That   #
if such Sheriff Goaler or Keeper of Prison
being duely su~moned to appeare before the said Justice or      #
Justices of the Peace shall without just Cause to bee
allowed by such Justice or Justices of the Peace refuse to      #
appeare or to take One of the said Two before mentioned
<P VII,76>
Oaths soe to bee given and administred to them respectively by  #
the said Justice or Justices of the Peace as aforesaid
such Sheriff Goaler or Keeper of Prison shall forfeit and pay   #
to such Prisoner soe about to bee discharged &
released from Prison and thereby detained the Value of such     #
Debt or Debt~ for which hee or she shall bee
imprisoned to bee recovered by Action of Debt in any of His     #
Majesties Court~ of Record And if any such Sheriff
Goaler or Keeper of Prison shall forswear and perjure himselfe  #
and shall bee thereof lawfully convicted such Sheriff
Goaler or Keeper of Prison shall incurr and suffer such         #
Penalties as are now in Force and may by Law bee inflicted
upon Persons convicted of Perjury.

   And bee it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That   #
such Prisoner as shall take the Benefitt of this Act
according to the Forme of the said Two first mentioned Act~ as  #
is hereby required and shall take the Oath in the
said first recited Act mentioned shall alsoe before such        #
Justice or Justices of the Peace by whom such Oath is to
bee given and administred likewise take an Oath (which such     #
Justice or Justices of the Peace is and are hereby
impowered to administer) to this Effect, videl~t

   I A.B. doe sweare That on the Five and twentieth day of      #
December in the Yeare of our Lord One thousand six
hundred ninety & five I was actually a Prisoner in the Custody  #
of the Goaler of Keeper of the Prison of C. in
the County of D. att the Suit of I.S. without any Consent or    #
p~curement and without any Fraud or Collusion
whatsoever. Soe help mee God.

   And if any Prisoner who shall take the Benefitt of this Act  #
and shall in pursuance of the same take the Oaths
for any the Purposes hereby or by any the before mentioned      #
Act~ appointed shall forsweare himselfe or herselfe
then shall such Person being thereof lawfully convicted beyond  #
and over and above the Penalties which may by
Law now in Force bee inflicted upon Persons convicted of        #
Perjury suffer Imprisonment for the space of Seven yeares
without Bail or Mainprize.

   And it is declared and enacted by the Authority aforesaid    #
That takeing the Oaths and giving to the Creditors such
Notice as is by this present Act required in all other thing~   #
for the Release and Discharge of any poor Prisoner
from Prison shall bee observed and performed in the same Forme  #
and Method as is mentioned and directed by
the said Two first mentioned Act~ of Parliament.

   Provided always neverthelesse That this Act shall not        #
extend to any Person or Persons in Execution for any
Fine on him her or them imposed for any Offence by him her or   #
them co~mitted.

   Provided alsoe That noe Person shall bee discharged out of   #
Prison or have any Benefitt or Advantage by
force or virtue of this Act who shall bee really and            #
(\bona fide\) indebted in more than the Su~m of One hundred
Pound~ Principal Money for Debt or Damages or shall stand       #
charged with any Debt to His Majestie.

   Provided always and bee it further enacted by the Authority  #
aforesaid That notwithstanding the Discharge of
the Person of such Prisoner as aforesaid upon takeing the       #
Oaths aforesaid all and every Judgement and Judgement~
had and taken against him or her alone or with any other        #
Person or Persons shall stand and bee good and effectual
in the Law to all Intent~ and Purposes against the Land~        #
Tenement~ Hereditament~ Good~ and Chattels onely
of the said Prisoner soe as aforesaid discharged And that it    #
shall and may bee lawfull to and for such Creditor
or Creditors of such Prisoner or Prisoners soe discharged as    #
aforesaid his her or their Executors Administrators
or Assignes to take out any new Execution against the Land~     #
Tenement~ Hereditament~ Good~ and Chattells of
such Prisoner or Prisoners (his or her Wearing Apparel Bedding  #
for his or her Family and Tools necessary for
his or her Trade or Occupac~on onely excepted) for the          #
Satisfaction of his her or their said Debt in such Sort
Manner and Forme as hee she or they might have done if the      #
Person or Persons of such Prisoner or Prisoners
had never been taken in Execution Any Act Statute Law or        #
Custome to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding.

   And bee it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That   #
upon any Actions of Escape or other Suit brought
or to bee brought against any Justice of the Peace Sheriff      #
Goaler or Keeper of Prison for any thing done in
obedience to this Act itt shall and may bee lawfull to and for  #
such Justice of the Peace Sheriff Goaler and
Keeper of Prison to plead the General Issue and give this Act   #
and the said Two first mentioned Act~ and the
Proceeding~ thereon in Evidence which shall bee a good &        #
sufficient Discharge and shall save harmlesse every
such Justice of the Peace Sheriff Goaler or Keeper of Prison    #
pleading the same And if the Plaintiff in any such
Action shall bee nonsuited or Verdict passe against him the     #
Defendant shall have Double Cost~ to bee taxed by
the Court where such Action is brought.

   And further Bee it enacted by the Authority aforesaid That   #
if any Prisoner who hath been discharged by virtue
of any of the Act~ of Parliament herein before mentioned or     #
who shall bee discharged by virtue of this Act shall
happen to bee arrested again for any Debt contracted before     #
such his Discharge if such Prisoner shall shew a
Duplicate of his or her Discharge under the Hand~ and Seales    #
of the Justices of the Peace by whom hee or
she was discharged or of any two of them and the Officer        #
refuseing to sett att Liberty him or her soe arrested
and shewing such Duplicate then and in such Case upon Petition  #
to either of the Two Lord~ Chief Justices of
the King~ Bench and Co~mon Pleas or Lord Chief Baron of the     #
Exchequer for the time being or to any one of
<P VII,77>
his Majesties Justices of the Court~ of King~ Bench or Co~mon   #
Pleas for the time being or to any Justice or
Justices of the Peace of the Place or County where such         #
Prisoner shall bee under Arrest or in Custody the said
Lord~ Chief Justices or Lord Chief Baron or Justices of the     #
said Court~ or Justices of the Peace or any one or
more of them shall and may su~mon before him or them such       #
Parties as hee or they shall think fitt and upon
hearing and examining the Matter in a su~mary way shall and     #
may sett att Liberty and discharge such Prisoner
upon his or her giving a Warant of Attorney to appeare and      #
file Co~mon Bail to every such Action and to plead
thereunto.

   And bee it alsoe enacted by the Authority aforesaid That if  #
any Prisoner who hath been or shall bee discharged
by virtue of any of the Act~ before mentioned or by virtue of   #
this Act shall att any time hereafter be arrested
or sued for any Debt contracted before such his or her          #
Discharge hee or she may plead the General Issue and
give this Act and the said Two first mentioned Act~ and the     #
Proceeding~ thereon had in Evidence.

   Provided always That noe Man being under Forty Yeares of     #
Age shall dureing the present Warr with France
bee discharged from his Imprisonment or have any Benefitt or    #
Advantage by means or virtue of this Act or any
thing therein contained unlesse such Man or Person doe and      #
shall before his Discharge voluntarily list himselfe
a Soldier under some Officer or Officers of His Majesties       #
Fleet or Army or in his Place or Stead procure one
able Man to list himselfe under His Majesties Service Any       #
thing herein before contained to the contrary in any
wise notwithstanding.
   Provided that nothing in this Act shall extend to release    #
or discharge any Person or Persons who have
co~mitted any Felony or Robery and for which any Action hath    #
been brought to recover Damages for the same
though the Damages be under One hundred Pound~.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P VII,97>

[}CHAPTER XX.}]

[}AN ACT FOR GRANTING TO HIS MAJESTY AN ADDITIONALL DUTY UPON   #
ALL FRENCH GOODS AND MERCHANDIZE.}]

   Wee Your Majesties most dutifull and loyall Subjects the     #
Commons assembled in Parliament have cheerfully
and unanimously given and granted and doe hereby give and       #
grant unto Your Majesty the additionall and
other Rates Impositions Dutyes and Charges upon the severall    #
sorts of Goods and Merchandize to bee imported
into the Kingdome of England Dominion of Wales or Towne of      #
Berwick upon Tweed during such Tyme and in
such Manner and Forme as herein after followeth And doe humbly  #
pray Your Majesty that it may bee enacted
And bee itt enacted by the Kings most Excellent Majesty by and  #
with the Advice and Consent of the Lords
Spirituall and Temporall and Commons in this present            #
Parliament assembled and by the Authority of the same That
there shall bee answered and paid to His Majesty and His        #
Heires and Successors for the severall Goods and Merchandizes
hereafter menco~ned over and above all Impositions Dutyes and   #
Charges already imposed and payable upon and for
the same in the Booke of Rates of Merchandize by Act of         #
Parliament established and the Direction therein contained
or otherwise the further Rates and Duties following (that is    #
to say)
   For every Tun of French Wine imported from and after the     #
Twenty eighth Day of February One thousand six
hundred ninety six for the Terme of One and twenty Yeares and   #
from thence to the End of the next Session of
Parliament and noe longer Five and twenty Pounds above the      #
Duties already charged thereupon without any Deduction
and soe proportionable for a greater or lesser Quantity.
   For every Tun of French Brandy of Single Proofe imported     #
after the Twenty eighth day of February One thousand
six hundred ninety six for the Terme of One and twenty Yeares   #
and from thence to the End of the next Session
of Parliament and noe longer Thirty Pounds And for every Tun    #
of French Brandy of Double Proofe imported
as aforesaid Sixty Pounds over and above the Dutyes already     #
charged thereupon without any Deduction and soe
proportionably for a greater or lesser Quantity.
   For every Tun of French Vinegar imported after the said      #
Twenty eighth Day of February One thousand six hundred
ninety six for the Terme of One and twenty Yeares and from      #
thence to the End of the next Session of Parliament
and noe longer Fifteene Pounds over and above the Duties        #
already charged thereupon without any Deduction and
soe proportionably for any greater or lesser Quantity.
   For all other Goods of the Growth Product or Manufacture of  #
France imported after the said Twenty
eighth Day of February One thousand six hundred ninety six for  #
the Terme of One and twenty Yeares and from 
thence to the End of the next Session of Parliament and noe     #
longer Five and twenty Pounds (\per Centum ad
Valorem\) over and above the Duties already charged thereupon   #
without any Deduction and soe proportionably for
a greater or lesser Quantity.
   
   Provided alwayes and bee itt enacted, That the severall      #
Rates and Impositions hereby imposed upon the respective
Goods and Merchandizes aforesaid shall bee collected and paid   #
according to the respective Rates and Proportions
herein expressed and bee raised levyed collected and paid unto  #
His Majesty dureing the respective Tymes before
mentioned in the same Manner and Forme and by such Rules        #
Meanes and Wayes and under such Penalties and
Forfeitures as are mentioned and expressed in one Act of        #
Parliament made in the Twelfth Yeare of the Reigne of
<P VII,98>
King Charles the Second intituled A Subsidy granted to the      #
King of Tonnage and Poundage and other Summes of
Money payable upon Merchandize exported and imported and the    #
Rules Directions and Orders thereunto annexed or
any other Lawes now in force relateing to the Collection of     #
His Majesties Customes which said Act and Acts and every
Article Rule and Clause therein contained shall stand and bee   #
in force for the Purposes aforesaid dureing the
Continuance of this Act.
  
   And whereas a very usefull and profitable Invention or       #
Mystery hath beene lately found out for the better and 
more speedy makeing and knitting of Worsted and Silke           #
Stockings Wastcoates Gloves and other wearing Necessaries
whereby great Quantities are wrought off in a little tyme His   #
Majesties Dominions abundantly supplyed and great
Quantities exported into Foreigne Nations to the Increase of    #
His Majesties Customes and the Improvement of Trade
and Commerce And whereas severall of the Frames or Engines for  #
the makeing and knitting of such Stockings and
other weareing Necessaries have beene of late exported out of   #
this Kingdome whereby the said Commodities have
beene made in Foreigne Parts which were heretofore made in      #
this Kingdome onely to the great Discouragement of the
Woollen Trade in generall and the great detriment of the said   #
Mystery and the Impoverishment of many Familyes
who have beene thereby maintained For the Prevention of which   #
Inconveniencies for the future bee it enacted by the
Authority aforesaid That from and after the First Day of May    #
One thousand six hundred ninety six noe Person or
Persons whatsoever shall load or putt on board any Shipp or     #
Vessell any such Frame or Frames or any Part or
Parcell thereof in order to bee exported beyond the Seas upon   #
payne that the Person or Persons offending herein
shall not onely forfeite or loose such Frame and Frames Parts   #
or Parcells of Frames which shall bee soe loaden
and putt on board in order to be exported beyond the Seas as    #
aforesaid but also the Summe of Forty Pounds of
lawfull Money of England for such Frame or Part or Parcell      #
thereof the one Moiety thereof to His Majesty His Heires
and Successors the other Moiety thereof to the Person or        #
Persons who shall informe and sue for the same to bee
recovered by Action of Debt Bill Plaint or Information in any   #
of His Majesties Courts of Record wherein noe
Essoigne Protection or Wager of Law shall be allowed or more    #
than one Imparlance.

   And for the more effectuall preventing the Exportation of    #
such Frames Bee itt further enacted by the Authority
aforesaid That all and every Person and Persons whatsoever      #
which from and after the said First Day of May shall
buy sell dispose of or remove from Place to Place any such      #
Frame or Engine or any Parts or Parcells thereof
shall within Two Months next after such Disposall or Removall   #
thereof give Notice in Writeing to the Master and
Wardens of the Company of Frame-Worke-Knitters within the City  #
of London or to theire lawfull Debuty or
Debuties for the tyme being some or one of them to whom and     #
what Place the same were soe sold disposed or
removed To the end that an Accompt may bee taken by the said    #
Master and Wardens or theire Deputy or
Deputies thereof upon Paine that every Person and Persons       #
offending herein shall forfeite and pay for every such
Offence to the Uses aforesaid the Summe of Five Pounds of like  #
Money to bee recovered as aforesaid.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P VII,210>

[}CHAPTER XVI.}]

[}AN ACT FOR ENLARGEING CO~MON HIGH-WAYS.}]

   Whereas an Act made in the Thirteenth and Foureteenth        #
Yeares of the Reigne of King Charles the Second
for enlargeing Common High-ways is expired and that the         #
ordinary Course appointed by the Laws and
Statutes of this Realme is not sufficient for the enlargeing    #
of the High-ways of this Kingdome Be it enacted by
the King~ most Excellent Majesty by and with the Advice and     #
Consent of the Lord~ Spiritual and Temporal and
the Co~mons in this present Parliament assembled and by the     #
Authority of the same That the Justices of the Peace
of any County City Riding Division Liberty or Place or the      #
major Part of them being Five att the least att their
Quarter Sessions shall have power to enlarge or widen any       #
Highways in their respective Counties Riding~ Divisions
Liberties or Places so that the Ground to be taken into the     #
said Highways do not exceed Eight Yard~ in Breadth
& that the said Power do not extend to pull downe any House or  #
to take away the Ground of any Garden
Orchard Court or Yard And for the Satisfaction of the Persons   #
who are Owners of or may be interested in the
said Ground that shall be laid into the said High-ways the      #
said Justices are hereby impowered to impannel a Jury
before them and to administer an Oath to the said Jury that     #
they will assesse such Damages to be given and
Recompence to be made to the Owners and others interested in    #
the said Ground Rent or Charge respectively for
their respective Interest~ as they shall think reasonable not   #
exceeding Five & twenty Yeares Purchase for Land~
so laid out and likewise such Recompence as they shall think    #
reasonable for the making of a new Ditch and
Fence to that side of the High-way that shall be so enlarged    #
and also Satisfaction to any Person that may be
otherwise injured by the enlargeing of the said High-ways and   #
upon Payment of the said Money so awarded or
leaving itt in the Hand~ of the Clerk of the Peace of the       #
respective County for the Use of the Owner or of
others interested in the said Ground the Interest of the said   #
Persons in the said Ground-Rent or Charge shall be
for ever divested out of them and the said Ground and all       #
other Ground~ that shall be laid into any High-way
by virtue of this Act shall be esteemed and taken to be a       #
Publick High-way to all Intent~ and Purposes whatsoever
and the said Justices of the Peace for any County City Riding   #
Division Liberty or other Place or the major part
of them being Five att the least shall have power to order one  #
or more Assessment or Assessment~ to be made
levied or collected upon all and every the Inhabitant~ Owners   #
or Occupiers of Land~ Houses Tenement~ or
Hereditament~ in their respective Parishes or Places that       #
ought to repaire the same to such Person and Persons and
in such manner as the said Justices att such Sessions shall     #
direct and appoint and the Money thereby raised shall
be imployed and accounted for according to the Order &          #
Direction of the said Justices for and toward~ the
purchasing of the Land to enlarge the said Highways and for     #
the making the said Ditches and Fences and the said
Assessment shall by order of the said Justices be levied by     #
the Overseers of the High-ways by Distresse and 
Sale of the Good~ of Persons so assessed not paying the same    #
within Ten Days after Demand rendring the Overplus
of the Value of the Good~ so distrained to the Owner and        #
Owners thereof (the necessary Charges of making and
settling such Good~ being first deducted.)
<P VII,211>

   Provided neverthelesse and be it enacted That no such        #
Assessment or Assessment~ made in any One Yeare
for enlargeing of High-ways shall exceed the Rate of Six Pence  #
in the Pound of the yearely Income of any Land~
Houses Tenement~ and Hereditament~ nor the Rate of Six pence    #
in the Pound for Personal Estates.

   And that no Person may be surprised by the Power contained   #
in this Act but may have timely Notice to appear
to make their Complaint~ to the said Justices Be it enacted by  #
the Authority aforesaid That the Justices of Peace
of any County City Riding Division Liberty or Place or the      #
major part of them being Five att the least att their
Quarter Sessions att the Request of any Person for the Putting  #
in Execution the Powers contained in this Act
for the enlargeing of High ways shall issue out their Precept~  #
to the Owner or Owners of Ground or others
interested in the same that are to be laid into the said        #
Highways to appeare att the next Quarter Sessions or
shew cause why the said High-ways should not be enlarged Any    #
thing in this Act contained to the contrary
notwithstanding.
 
   Provided also and be it enacted by the Authority aforesaid   #
That if any Order or Decree shall be made by the
said Justices for the laying out of Ground for the enlargeing   #
of High-ways that the Owners or Proprietors of the
said Ground have hereby free Liberty within Eight Months after  #
such Order to cutt downe any Wood or Timber
growing upon the said Ground or upon the neglect thereof that   #
the same shall be sold by Order of the said
Justices and the Owners of such Wood or Timber shall receive    #
the full of what shall be made of such Wood or
Timber (the Charges of working the same being first deducted.)

   And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That    #
it shall & may be lawfull for any Person grieved
by the Order or Decree of the said Justices to appeal to the    #
Judges of Assize att the next Assize onely to be
held for the County where such Decree or Order shall be made    #
and any of the said Judges are hereby impowered
to reexamine affirme or reverse the said former Order and       #
Decree as in Judgement they shall think fitt and if
affirmed to award Cost~ against such Appellant~ for their       #
Vexation and Delay and to cause the same to be levied
by Distresse and Sale of the Appellant~ Good~ rendring the      #
Overplus (if any such be) to the said Appellant~.

   Provided also and be it enacted That where any Co~mon        #
High-way att any Time hereafter shall be enclosed after
a Writt of (\Ad quod Dampnum\) issued and Inquisiton thereupon  #
taken it shall and may be lawfull to and for any
Person or Persons injured or agrieved by such Inclosure to      #
make their Complaint thereof by Appeal to the Justices
att the Quarter Sessions to be held for the same County next    #
after such Inquisition taken who are hereby authorized
and impowered to heare and determine such Appeal and whose      #
Determination therein shall be final and if no
such Appeal be made then the said Inquisition and Returne       #
entred and recorded by the Clerke of the Peace
of such County att the Quarter Sessions shall be forever        #
afterward~ binding to all Persons whatsoever without
any further or other Appeal Any Law or Statute to the contrary  #
notwithstanding.

   And for the better convenience of travelling in such Part~   #
of this Kingdome which are remote from Towns and
where several High-ways meet Be it further enacted by the       #
Authority aforesaid That it shall and may be lawfull
to and for his Majesties Justices of the Peace att their        #
respective Special Sessions to be held once in Foure Months
by virtue of an Act made in the Third and Fourth Yeares of the  #
Reigne of King William and Queen Mary
intituled An Act for the better repairing & amending the        #
High-ways and for settling the Rates of Carriage of Good~
so often and in such Cases as they shall think necessary to     #
direct their Precept to the Surveyors of the High-ways
in any Parish or Place where Two or more Crosse High-ways meet  #
requiring them forthwith to cause to be erected
or fixed in the most convenient Place where such Ways joyn a    #
Stone or Post with an Inscription thereon in large
Letters containing the Name of the next Markett Towne to which  #
each of the said joyning High-ways lead~ who
is to be reimburst according as the said Act for the repairing  #
of High-ways direct~ And in case any Surveyor or
Surveyors shall be the Space of Three Months after such         #
Precept to him or them directed and delivered neglect
or refuse to cause such Stone or Post to be fixed as is         #
aforesaid every such Offender shall forfeit the Su~m of Ten
Shilling~ to be levied by Warr=t=. under the Hand and Seale of  #
any Justice of the Peace of the Peace of Riding
Division or Liberty where such Parish or Place shall be such    #
Warr=t=. to be directed to the Constable of such Parish
or Place requiring him to distraine the Good~ of such Offendor  #
and sell the same rendring to him the Overplus
(if any be) and to imploy such Su~m so levied in and toward~    #
such Stone or Post as is aforesaid and in case
any Part of the said Su~m shall remaine after such Stone or     #
Post erected then to imploy such remaining Su~m in
amending the same crosse High-ways and not otherwise.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P VIII,454>

[}CHAPTER III.}]

[}AN ACT TO PROHIBIT THE EXPORTATION OF ANY CORN MALT MEALE     #
FLOUR BREAD BISCUIT OR STARCH FOR ONE YEARE FROM
THE TENTH DAY OF FEBRUARY ONE THOUSAND SIX HUNDRED NINETY       #
EIGHT.}]

   Whereas the Price of Corn at this time within the Kingdom    #
of England Dominion of Wales and Towne
of Berwick upon Tweed is become very great and in some parts    #
thereof excessive which tends to the
Impoverishment of many of His Majesties good Subjects           #
especially of poor Manufacturers and other of the meaner
Condition And by reason the Corn in severall other parts of     #
Europe is scarcer and dearer than in England it
is likely that severall Persons for their private Advantage or  #
Lucre will export or carry great Quantities of Corn
from this Kingdom or the Dominion or Towne aforesaid to         #
Forreigne Parts whereby the Price of Corn here will
be further inhanced to the Detriment of His Majesties good      #
Subjects and the Destruction of many of them if a
timely Remedy in this behalfe be not provided Be it therefore   #
enacted by the Kings most Excellent Majesty by
and with the Advice and Consent of the Lords Spirituall and     #
Temporall and Commons in this present Parliament
assembled and by the Authority of the same That no Person or    #
Persons whatsoever from and after the Tenth
Day of February in the Yeare of our Lord One thousand six       #
hundred ninety eight and before the Tenth Day
of February which shall be in the Yeare of our Lord One         #
thousand six hundred ninety nine shall directly or
indirectly export transport carry or convey or cause or         #
procure to be exported transported carried or conveyed
out of or from the said Kingdom of England Dominion of Wales    #
and Towne of Berwick upon Tweed or any of
them or load or lay on board or cause or procure to be laden    #
or laid on board in any Ship or other Vessell
or Boat in order to be exported or carried out of the Kingdom   #
Dominion or Towne aforesaid to or for any
Forreigne Parts or to or for the Kingdom of Scotland or load    #
or putt or cause to be loaded or putt on any
Horse or Cart or otherwise to be carried to the said Kingdom    #
of Scotland any Wheat Rye Miscellany Barley or
other Corn whatsoever or any Meal Malt Starch or Flower         #
thereof or any Bread or Biscuit whatsoever (other
than such as are especially allowed to be shipped or carried    #
out by this Act) under the Pains and Forfeitures
hereinafter mentioned (that is to say) That all the Corn Meal   #
Flour Biscuit Malt Starch and Bread that shall
be soe exported shipped or laid on board or loaded to be        #
exported or carried out contrary to this Act shall be
forfeited And that every Offender and Offenders therein shall   #
forfeite the Sum of Twenty Shillings for every
Bushell of Corn Malt Meal or Flower and Twelve Pence for every  #
Pound Weight Troy of Bread Biscuit or Starch
which shall be soe exported shipped or putt on board to be      #
exported contrary to this Act And moreover the
Ship or Vessell upon which such Corn Meal Flour Biskett Malt    #
Starch or Bread shall be soe exported or shipped
to be soe exported and all her Guns Tackle Apparell and         #
Furniture shall be forfeited the One Moiety of all
which Penalties and Forfeitures shall be to the Kings Majesty   #
His Heires and Successors and the other Moiety to
<P VIII,455>
him or them who will sue for the same to be recovered by        #
Action of Debt or of the Case Bill Suit Plaint or
Information in any of His Majesties Courts of Record at         #
Westminster or before the Justices of the Assize or of
the Great Sessions in Wales or by Information at any Generall   #
Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the County City
Rideing or Place where the Offence shall be committed and in    #
such Suite no Essoigne Protection or Wager of
Law shall be allowed And that the Master and Mariners of any    #
such Ship or Vessell wherein any such Offence
shall be committed knowing such Offence and wittingly and       #
willingly aiding and assisting thereunto and being
thereof duely convicted in any such Court of Record as          #
aforesaid or at the Generall Quarter Sessions of the
County City Rideing or Place where such Offence shall be        #
committed or where they shall be apprehended or
arrested for such Offence shall have Imprisonment by the space  #
of Three Months without Bail or Mainprise

   And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That    #
it shall and may be lawfull to or for any Person
or Persons being a Commissioner or Commissioners Officer or     #
Officers of His Majesties Customs or being
lawfully authorized in this behalfe by the Commissioners of     #
His Majesties Treasury or any three or more of
them for the time being or by the Treasurer of the Exchequer    #
for the time being to take and seize all such
Corn Meale Flour Biscuit Malt Starch and Bread not allowed to   #
be exported by this Act as he or they shall
happen to soe find know or discover to be laid on board in any  #
Ship or other Vessell or Boate at Sea or in any
Port or in any navigable River or Water to the Intent or        #
Purpose to be exported transported or conveyed out of
the Kingdom or Dominion aforesaid or to be laden on any Horse   #
Cart or other Carriage to the Intent or Purpose
to be carried or conveyed into Scotland and to bring the same   #
to the Kings Ware-House belonging to the
Custom-House next the Place where such Seizure shall be made    #
to be proceeded against and (in case of Recovery)
to be divided according to this Act.

   Provided alwaies That this Act or any thing therein          #
contained shall not extend to prohibit the Exportation or
carrying out of such Corn Bread Meal Malt Starch Flour or       #
Biskuit as shall be necessary to be carried in any
Ship or other Vessell or Vessells in their Voyages from this    #
Kingdom or the Dominion aforesaid or in their Returne
to the same only for the Sustenance or Diet of the Commanders   #
Masters Mariners Passengers or others in the
same Ships and not to be sold in any Forreigne Parts or for     #
the Victualling any of His Majesties Ships in any
Forreigne Parts Any thing herein contained to the contrary      #
notwithstanding

   Provided alsoe That this Act or any thing therein contained  #
shall not extend to any Corn Meal Malt Ground
Malt Flour Starch or Biscuit which shall be exported or         #
shipped to be exported out of or from any the Ports
of this Kingdom or Dominion of Wales to the Forts Castles and   #
Factories in Africa unto such of His Majesties
Islands or Colonies in America that have usually been supplied  #
with Corn or Meale or Starch from this Kingdom
or from the Dominion of Wales aforesaid for the Sustentation    #
of the Inhabitants of the said Islands or Colonies
Forts Castles or Factories or for the Benefitt of the English   #
Fishery in those Parts only soe as the Exporter doe
before the shipping or laying on board the same declare the     #
Island or Colony Islands or Colonies for which the
said Corn or Meale or Starch is designed and doe become bound   #
with other sufficient Security in Treble the
Value to the Commissioners or Officers of His Majesties         #
Customs respectively (who have hereby Power to take
such Security in His Majesties Name and to His Majesties Use)   #
that such Corn Meale or Flour or Starch shall
not be landed or sold in any Parts whatsoever other than the    #
Islands or Colonies for which the same shall be soe
declared for the takeing of which Security no Fee or Reward     #
shall be demanded or received Any thing herein
contained to the contrary notwithstanding And the said Bond or  #
Bonds if not prosecuted within Three Yeares shall
be void

   Provided alsoe That this Act or any thing therein contained  #
shall not extend to anay Malt to be transported
out of or from the Port of Southampton only unto the Islands    #
of Jersey and Guernsey or either of them for the
only Use of the Inhabitants of those Islands soe as the         #
Exporter before the lading of such Malt or laying the same
on board doe become bound with other sufficient Security        #
(which the Customer or Comptroller of the same Port
hath hereby Power to take in His Majesties Name and to His      #
Majesties Use and for which Security no Fee or
Reward shall be given or taken) that such Malt shall be landed  #
in the said Islands of Jersey and Guernsey or one
of them the Danger of the Seas only excepted for the Use of     #
the Inhabitants there and shall not be landed or
sold in any other Parts whatsoever and soe as the whole         #
Quantity of Malt which betweene the said Tenth Day of
February One thousand six hundred ninety eight and the said     #
Tenth Day of February One thousand six hundred
ninety nine shall be shipped at the said Port for Jersey and    #
Guernsey or either of them as aforesaid doe not exceed
Four thousand Quarters Any thing herein contained to the        #
contrary notwithstanding

   And it is hereby provided and enacted by the Authority       #
aforesaid That it shall and may be lawfull for any
Person or Persons to ship or putt on board any Corn Meale       #
Flour Bread Malt Starch or Biscuit to be carried
Coastwise (that is to say) from any Port Creeke or Member of    #
the Kingdom of England Dominion of Wales or
the Towne of Berwick upon Tweed to any other Post Creeke or     #
Member of the same having a Coast-Coquet or
Sufferance for that purpose and sufficient Security being       #
first given for the landing and discharging the same in
some other Port Member or Creeke of the Kingdom Dominion or     #
Towne aforesaid and returning a Certificate in
Six Months as is required by Law in Cases where Goods are       #
carried Coastwise and not otherwise Any thing herein
contained to the contrary notwithstanding

<P VIII,456>
   Provided alwaies and be it enacted That this Act or any      #
thing therein contained shall not extend or be construed
to hinder or obstruct any Person or Persons whatsoever in the   #
Carriage of Corn Graine or Malt in any Boats
or Vessells upon any Navigable River or Rivers to their         #
Ordinary Marketts or any other Place or Places within
the said River or Rivers within this Realme or the Dominion     #
aforesaid soe as the same be not shipped or put
on any Boat or Vessell in order to be shipped for Exportation   #
And that in such Islands or Places within any
of the Counties of England and Wales where the Inhabitants      #
have usually carried by Water their Corn Graine
or Malt to any Markett or Marketts within England or Wales      #
without takeing forth any Coast-Cocquetts and
thereupon giveing Bonds and returning Certificates as           #
aforesaid such Inhabitants may lawfully carry by Water such
their Corn Graine and Malt to such Marketts without being       #
obliged by this Act or any thing herein contained to
take forth any such Coast-Cocquetts or to give such             #
Coast-Bonds or to returne Certificates thereupon as aforesaid
And that for such Corn Graine and Malt of the Growth of the     #
Isle of Wight as shall be carried from thence to any
of the ordinary Marketts in the County of Southampton or Towne  #
of Southampton and County of the same or of
the County of Sussex in any open Boat the Officers of His       #
Majesties Customs shall not demand or take any Fee
or Reward whatsoever for the Coquett Cast-Bond or Certificate   #
in that respect to be given

   Provided alwaies and be it enacted by the Authority          #
aforesaid That in case His Majesty at any time or times
before the said Tenth Day of February One thousand six hundred  #
ninety nine shall find the Price of Corn to
decrease in the Publick Marketts and for that reason (in His    #
Royall Discretion) shall judge it to be most for the
Benefitt and Advantage of his Kingdom to permitt the            #
Exportation of Corn that then it shall be lawfull to and
for His Majesty by His Royall Proclamation or Proclamations to  #
be issued by and with the Advice of His Privy
Councill from time to time to permitt and suffer all and every  #
Person and Persons Natives and Forreigners (but
not any particular Persons) at any time or times before the     #
said Tenth Day of February One thousand six hundred
ninety nine to export or carry out of the Kingdom of England    #
Dominion of Wales and Towne of Berwick upon
Tweed Wheat Barley Malt Rye Miscellany Oats and all other Corn  #
and Graine or any Kinds and Quantities thereof
as to His Majesty shall seeme meete and as in such              #
Proclamation or Proclamations shall be publickly expressed
and declared either to and for the Kingdom of Scotland and all  #
other Forreigne Parts whatsoever or any of them
Any thing herein or in any other Act or Acts or Parliament      #
contained to the contrary notwithstanding.

   And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That    #
the Commissioners of the Customes for the time being
shall and they are hereby required to give a full and true      #
Accompt in Writing to both Houses of Parliament at
the begining of the next Session thereof of all Corn and        #
Graine of what Nature or Kind soever that shall before
that time be exported to any Place whatsoever by virtue or in   #
pursuance of any the Liberties or Powers hereby
given or granted for that purpose.

[}CHAPTER IV.}]

[}AN ACT TO PROHIBIT THE EXCESSIVE DISTILLING OF SPIRITS AND    #
LOW WINES FROM CORNE AND AGAINST THE EXPORTING OF
BEER AND ALE AND TO PREVENT FRAUDS IN DISTILLERS.}]

   Whereas it is found by Experience that the drawing           #
distilling and makeing of Brandies or Spiritts from
Malt is one Cause of the present dearnesse of Corne especially  #
of Barley in this Realme and by reason of
the great Scarcity of Corne in Forreigne Parts and the          #
Restraints which are or may be made there of distilling
Spiritts from Corne great Demands are and may be made of        #
Spiritts drawne from malted Corne in this Kingdom
to supply the occasions of those Forreigne Parts which must     #
needs tend to a further enhanceing of the Price of
Corne here and prove a great Grievance to many His Majesties    #
good Subjects if a speedy Remedy be not provided
be it therefore enacted by the Kings most Excellent Majesty by  #
and with the Advice and Consent of the Lords
Spirituall and Temporall and Commons in this present            #
Parliament assembled and by the Authority of the same
That no Person or Persons whatsoever from and after the last    #
Day of January in the Yeare of our Lord One
thousand six hundred ninety eight and before the First Day of   #
February which shall be in the Yeare of our Lord
One thousand six hundred ninety nine shall directly or          #
indirectly draw distill or make or cause or procure to be
drawne distilled or made within the Kingdom of England          #
Dominion of Wales and Towne of Berwick upon Tweed
and Brandy Aqua Vitae Spiritts or Low Wines whatsoever other    #
than such Quantities as are allowed by this Act
and under such Restrictions and in such Manner and Forme as     #
are herein prescribed from any Malt Corne or
Graine or from any Wash or Liquors produced or to be produced   #
from any Malt Corne or Graine whatsoever
under the Penalties and Forfeitures herein after mentioned      #
(that is to say) That all the Brandy Aqua Vitae Spiritts
and Low Wines soe made or drawne shall be forfeited and that    #
every Offender and Offenders therein shall forfeite
and pay the Sum of Ten Shillings for every Gallon of Brandy     #
Aqua Vitae Spiritts or Low Wines which shall be
drawne distilled or made contrary to this Act and moreover      #
that all the Stills Backs Casks and other Utensills and
Vessells imployed in the distilling drawing makeing or keeping  #
the same or any part thereof shall be forfeited the
moiety of all which Penalties and Forfeitures shall be to the   #
Kings Majesty His Heires and Successors and the
other moiety to him or them that shall discover informe or sue  #
for the same and the said Penalties and Forfeitures
shall and may be recovered in the same Manner and by the same   #
Meanes as any Penalties and Forfeitures by any 
<P VIII,457>
of the Laws and Statutes for the Excise now in force for any    #
Offence or Offences against the same are or may
be recovered and that all Servants and others who shall be      #
wittingly or willingly aiding or assisting in the makeing
of the said Spiritts or Low Wines contrary to this Act and      #
being thereof duely convicted in any of His Majesties
Courts of Record at Westminster or at the Generall Quarter      #
Sessions of the County City Rideing or Place where
such Offence shall be committed or where such Person or         #
Persons shall be apprehended or arrested for such
Offence shall suffer Imprisonment by the space of Six Months    #
without Bail or Mainprize.

   Provided alwaies That it shall and may be lawful for any     #
Person or Persons drawing Spiritts Brandy or Low
Wines from any Forreigne Materialls or any English Materialls   #
other than such as are prohibited by this Act to
make use of a reasonable Quantity of Yeast for the              #
Fermentation of their Wash in order to the distilling of the
same Any thing in this or any other Act to the contrary         #
notwithstanding

   And whereas it is found by experience That His Majesty hath  #
been very much defrauded of His Duties upon
Low Wines and Spiritts by many Distillers and other Persons     #
who keepe or sett up private and concealed Warehouses
Storehouses Cellars or other Places or private or concealed     #
Stills Backs or other Vessells for the makeing preparing
or keeping Wash Low Wines Spiritts or other Materialls fitt     #
for Distillation and by Private Pipes and Stopcocks
and other Private Conveyances have Communication betweene       #
their Private and Publick Backs and other Vessells
by which they doe privately convey their Wash or other Liquors  #
fitt for Distillation from one Back or other Vessell
to another by meanes whereof the Officers cannot take and       #
keepe a true and distinct Account of such Wash and
other Liquors fitt for Distillation nor of the Low Wines and    #
Spiritts made or drawne from the same And whereas
the Gaugers and Officers of Excise are not sufficiently         #
impowered by Law upon Suspicion or Knowledge of such
Frauds to enter the Houses or Places where the same are         #
practised without Consent of the Possessors thereof or
upon Entry and Discovery of such Frauds cannot find out or      #
discover the Person or Persons concerned therein
by reason that the true Owner or Owners of such Warehouses      #
Storehouses Cellars or other Places Stills Backs
or other Vessells Spiritts Low Wines Wash or other Materialls   #
fitt for Distillation will not appeare or Claime
any Interest therein but frequently disowne the same Be it      #
therefore enacted by the Authority aforesaid That
every Distiller having and keeping any Private Pipe or          #
Stopcock or other Private Conveyance by which any Wash
or other Liquors fitt for Distillation may be conveyed from     #
one Back or Vessell to another or from any such
Back or other Vessell to their Still or Stills or into any      #
other Place shall before the Eight and twentieth day of
February One thousand six hundred ninety eight take up or       #
demolish every such Pipe Stopcock or other Private
Conveyance and shall alsoe stop up every Hole in every such     #
Back or Washbatch by which any Wash or other
Liquors fill for Distillation may be conveyed into or out of    #
such Back or Washbatch or any of them and that
no Distiller from and after the said Eight and twentieth Day    #
of February shall have or keepe any Private Pipe
Stopcock or other Private Conveyance by which any Wash or       #
other Liquors fitt for Distillation may be conveyed
from one Back or other Vessell to another or from any such      #
Back or other Vessell to his or her Still or Stills or
into any other Place nor shall have or keepe any Hole in any    #
such Back or Washbatch by which any Wash or
any other Liquors fill for Distillation may be conveyed into    #
or out of such Back or Washbatch or any of them
on Paine to forfeite for every such Pipe Stopcock Conveyance    #
and Hole the Sum of One hundred Pounds

   And for the better discovering of all such Pipes Stopcocks   #
and other Private Conveyances aforesaid Be it further
enacted That from and After the said Eight and twentieth Day    #
of February it shall and may be lawfull to and
for the Gaugers and Officers of Excise or any of them in the    #
Day time and in the Presence of a Constable or
other lawfull for the Peace (who are hereby required to be      #
aiding and assisting therein) on Request first
made and Cause declared to breake up the Ground in any          #
Distilling House or the Ground near adjoyning or any
Wall Partition or other Place to search for any such Pipe       #
Stopcock or any other private Conveyance and upon
finding such Pipe or other Conveyance to breake up the Ground   #
House Wall or other Partition or Place through
or into which any such Pipe or other Conveyance shall lead and  #
to breake up or cutt any such Pipe or other
Conveyance and to turne any Cock or Cocks to try and examine    #
whether such Pipe or other Conveyance may or
can convey any Wash or other Liquors fitt for Distillation out  #
of one Back or Vessell into another or from any
such Back or Vessell into any Still or Stills or into any       #
other Place.

   Provided alwaies That in case upon such Search no such Pipe  #
or other Private Conveyance shall be found
such Gaugers and Officers of Excise shall make good the Ground  #
Wall House or other Place soe broken up as
aforesaid or make reasonable Satisfaction to the Owner or       #
Owners thereof to be adjudged by Two of the next
Justices of the Peace whereof one to be of the Quorum or the    #
Party injured shall be at liberty to bring his
Action for the Damages by him sustained and what shall be       #
adjudged by the said Justices or recovered upon such
Action shall be paid out of His Majesties Revenue of Excise by  #
the Commissioners thereof for the time being
and if any Distiller or any other Person or Persons whatsoever  #
shall oppose obstruct or hinder any such Gauger
or Officer in the due Execution of the Powers hereby given and  #
granted every such Distiller and other Person
shall forfeite and loose for every such Offence the Sum of One  #
hundred Pounds

   Provided neverthelesse and it is hereby declared That it     #
shall and may be lawfull to and for any Distiller to
keepe and make use of any Pipe Stopcock or other Conveyance     #
above Ground which are Publick and in open
<P VIII,458>
View from one End thereof to the other for the letting his      #
Wash out of his Publick Coolers into his Publick
Backs or Washbatches and for conveying his Wash or Worts out    #
of such Publick Back or Washbatch into his
Publick Stills Any thing in this Act or any other Law or        #
Statute to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding

   And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That    #
in case the Gaugers or Officers of Excise or any
of them shall know or have cause to suspect any such Private    #
or concealed Still Back or other Vessell Spiritts
Low Wines Wash or other Materialls preparing for Distillation   #
to be sett up or kept in any House or Place and
shall make Affidavit before one or more Justice or Justices of  #
the Peace for the County or Place where he shall
soe know or suspect such Private or concealed Still Back or     #
other Vessell Spiritts Low Wines or Materialls preparing
for Distillation are or shall be soe sett up or kept and shall  #
in such Affidavit declare the Grounds of such his
Knowledge or Suspition then and in such case it shall and may   #
be lawfull for such Officer or Officers in the
Day time and in the Presence of a Constable or other lawfull    #
Officer of the Peace (who are hereby required to
be aiding and assisting therein) by Warrant from such Justice   #
or Justices of the Peace before whom such Affidavit
shall be made to be directed to such Officer or Officers of     #
Excise (which Warrant the said Justice or Justices of
the Peace are hereby authorized and required to grant) to       #
breake open the Door or any Part of such House or
Place where he or they shall soe know or suspect such Private   #
or concealed Still Back or Vessell Spiritts Low
Wines or Materialls for Distillation are soe sett up or kept    #
and to enter into such House or Place and to seize
all such Stills Backs or other Vessells and also all such       #
Spiritts Low Wines Wash or other Materialls for
Distillation that shall be found therein and to detaine and     #
keepe the same in such House or other Place where
he or they shall find the same soe kept private or concealed    #
and in case the same shall not within Twenty Daies
next after such Seizure be claimed by the true and lawfull      #
Owner thereof then the said Stills Backs and other
Vessells Spiritts Low Wines and Materialls for Distillation     #
shall be absolutely forfeited and shall and may be sold
at the next generall Day of Sale to be appointed by the         #
Commissioners of Excise or their Officer or Officers
respectively after the said Twenty Daies are expired one        #
Moiety of the Proceed thereof (all necessary Charges being
first deducted out of the whole) to be paid to the Use of His   #
Majesty His Heires and Successors and the other
Moiety to the Party or Parties who shall soe discover and       #
seize the same and in case such Stills Backs and other
Vessells Spiritts Low Wines and Materialls for Distillations    #
shall within the said Twenty Daies be claimed by any
Person or Persons whatsoever the Person or Persons soe          #
claiming the same shall forfeite and loose for every such
Warehouse Storehouse or other Place in which any such Still     #
Back or other Vessell shall be found and alsoe for
every such Still Back and other Vessell found therein the Sum   #
of Two hundred Pounds

   Provided alwaies That in case upon such breaking open any    #
such Door or House no such Private or concealed
Back Still or other Vessell Spiritts Low Wines Wash or other    #
Materialls or Distillation shall be found such
Gauger and Officers of Excise shall make good the House or      #
Place soe broken up as aforesaid or make reasonable
Satisfaction to the Owner or Owners thereof to be adjudged by   #
Two of the next Justices of the Peace whereof
one to be of the Quorum or the Party injured shall be at        #
liberty to bring his Action for the Damages by him
sustained and what shall be adjudged by the said Justices or    #
recovered upon such Action shall be paid out of
His Majesties revenue of Excise by the Commissioners thereof    #
for the time being and if any Distiller or any
other Person or Persons whatsoever shall oppose obstruct or     #
hinder any such Gauger or Officer soe authorized as
aforesaid in the due execution of the Powers hereby given and   #
granted every such Distiller or other Person shall
forfeite and loose the Sum of Two hundred Pounds all which      #
said Penalties shall be recovered and levied by
the same Meanes and Methods as any Fine or Penalty imposed by   #
any Law of Excise now in force is recoverable
One Moiety of which said Forfeitures shall be to His Majesty    #
His Heires and Successors and the other Moiety
to him or them that will discover informe or sue for the same   #
as aforesaid

   And whereas many Distillers on pretence of rectifying of     #
Spiritts doe mix Spiritts with Wash and other Liquors
and afterwards distill the same whereby His Majesties Duties    #
on Low Wines are avoided and not duely answered
and paid as by the former Acts is directed and appointed for    #
Prevention whereof be it enacted and declared by
the Authority aforesaid That all Spiritts made or drawne by     #
any Distiller from any Mixture of Spiritts with any
kind of Wash or other Liquor (except common Water) shall be     #
deemed and taken to be Low Wines and shall 
be chargeable with the Duties already sett and imposed on Low   #
Wines drawne from Forreigne Materialls.

   Provided alwaies and be it enacted by the Authority          #
aforesaid That in such House and Houses and other
Edifices which were used as publick or open Distilleries for    #
the drawing or distilling of Spiritts or Low Wines
from Wort or Drink brewed from malted Corne during the Yeare    #
ended on the Thirtieth Day of September One
thousand six hundred ninety and eight or during any part        #
thereof (and in no other House or Place whatsoever)
it shall and may be lawfull to and for the Owners and           #
Occupiers of the said Houses and Distilleries respectively
at any time or times betweene the last Day of January One       #
thousand six hundred ninety and eight and the First
Day of February One thousand six hundred ninety and nine to     #
draw distill and make or cause to be drawne
distilled and made any Spiritts or Low Wines from Drink or      #
Wort brewed from malted Corne soe as the whole
Quantity of Low Wines or Spiritts of the first Extraction       #
which betweene the said last Day of January One thousand
six hundred ninety and eight and the said First Day of          #
February One thousand six hundred ninety and nine shall
be drawne distilled or made in every such Distillery            #
respectively from any Malt Corne or Graine or from the
<P VIII,459>
Produce thereof doe not in the whole exceede halfe the          #
Quantity of Low Wines or Spiritts of the first Extraction
which in the Yeare already ended as aforesaid were drawne       #
distilled or made within the same House or Distillery
respectively from Drink or Wort brewed with malted Corne and    #
soe as the Quantity of Low Wines or Spiritts of
the first Extraction which in the First Second Third and every  #
other Kalendary Month of the Yeare reckoned from
the said last Day of January One thousand six hundred ninety    #
an eight shall be drawne distilled or made in
every such Distillery respectively from Malt Corne or Graine    #
or from the Produce thereof doe not exceed halfe the
Quantity of Low Wines or Spiritts of the first Extraction       #
which in the like First Second Third and every other
Calendary Month of the Yeare ended as aforesaid were drawne     #
distilled or made within the same House or Distillery
respectively from Drink or Wort brewed with Malted Corne And    #
in Case any Doubt or Controversy shall arise
concerning the Quantity of Spiritts or Low Wines which were     #
drawne or distilled in any House or Distillery within
or during the said Yeare ended on the said Thirtieth Day of     #
September One thousand six hundred ninety and eight
or any Month of the same from Drink or Worts brewed from        #
malted Corne or concerning the exceeding of halfe
the Quantity or Proportion in the Yeare to be reckoned from     #
the said last Day of January One thousand six
hundred ninety and eight or in any Month thereof then the same  #
shall be determined by the Accounts or Vouchers
returned into the Head Office of the Excise containing the      #
Quantities of such Low Wines or Spiritts of the first
Extraction made in every such House or Distillery within or     #
during the Yeare already ended as aforesaid whereby
His Majesties Duties were charged or chargeable or by the       #
Entries of the same to which all Persons concerned
(upon reasonable Request) shall have free accesse without Fee   #
or Charge Any thing herein contained to the contrary
notwithstanding 

   And be it enacted by the Authority aforesaid That the        #
Commissioners of the Excise or any Three or more of
them upon Request to them made shall make forth and deliver in  #
Writing under their Hands gratis to the Owners
or Occupiers aforesaid or such as they shall appoint a true     #
Account of the Quantities of Low Wines or Spiritts
of the first Extraction charged in the said Vouchers as were    #
made in every respective Distillery in each respective
Month of the Yeare ended at the Thirtieth Day of September One  #
thousand six hundred ninety and eight as
aforesaid from Drink or Worts brewed with malted Corne

   And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That    #
no Person or Persons whatsoever from and after the
last Day of February in the Yeare of our Lord One thousand six  #
hundred ninety and eight and before the
First Day of February which shall be in the Yeare of our Lord   #
One thousand six hundred ninety and nine shall 
directly or indirectly export transport carry out convey or     #
cause or procure to be exported or transported carried or
conveyed out of or from the said Kingdome of England Dominion   #
or Wales or Towne of Berwick upon Tweed
or any of them or load or lay on board or cause or procure to   #
be loaden or laid on board in any Ship Vessell
or Boat in order to be exported or carried out of the Kingdom   #
Dominion or Towne aforesaid for any Forreigne
Parts any Beere Ale or any Wash or Worts drawne from Corne or   #
any Ale or Beere from which Spiritts may
be extracted under the Pains and Forfeitures herein after       #
mentioned that is to say For every Barrell of Beere
Ale Wash or Worts soe exported the Sum of Five Pounds and soe   #
in proportion for any greater or lesser Quantity
One Moiety thereof to His Majesty and the other Moiety to the   #
Informer to be recovered as other Penalties by this
Act are directed to be recovered

   Provided alwaies That this Act or any thing therein          #
contained shall not extend to prohibite the Exportation
or carrying out of such Beere or Ale as shall be necessary to   #
be carried in any Ship or other Vessell or Vessells
from this Kingdom or the Dominion aforesaid or in their         #
Returne to the same only for the Sustenance or Drink
of the Commanders Masters Marriners Passengers or others in     #
the same Ships and not to be sold in Forreigne
Parts or for the Supply of any of His Majesties Ships in        #
Forreigne Parts Any thing in this Act to the contrary
notwithstanding

   Provided alsoe That nothing in this Act contained shall      #
extend to any Beere or Ale which shall be exported
or shipt to be exported out or from any of the Ports of this    #
Kingdom or Dominion of Wales unto such of His
Majesties Colonies in America Persia or the East-Indies that    #
have been usually supplyed with such Liquors from
this Kingdom or from the Dominion of Wales aforesaid or for     #
the Sustentation of the said Islands and Colonies
Forts Castles and Factories therein only soe as the Exporters   #
before the shipping or laying on board the same for
the Islands or Colonies for which the said Liquor is designed   #
doe give sufficient Security in Treble the Value to
the Commissioners or Officers of His Majesties Customs          #
respectively who have hereby Power to take such Security
in His Majesties Name and to His Majesties Use that such        #
Liquors shall not be landed in any Parts whatsoever
other than the Islands and Colonies for which the same shall    #
be soe declared for takeing which Security no
Fee or Reward shall be demanded or received And the said Bond   #
or Bonds or other Securities if not prosecuted
within Three Years shall be void
  
   Provided alwaies That nothing in this Act contained shall    #
extend to prevent or hinder Charles Bennett Distiller
from drawing or distilling Spiritts or Low Wines from Worts or  #
Drink brewed from malted Corne from the last
Day of January One thousand six hundred ninety eight to the     #
First Day of February One thousand six hundred
<P VIII,460>
ninety nine alwaies soe as the whole Quantity of Low Wines or   #
Spiritts of the first Extraction which betweene the
said last Day of January One thousand six hundred ninety eight  #
and the said First Day of February One thousand
six hundred ninety nine shall be drawne distilled or made in    #
his now Distillary from any Malt Corne or Graine
or from the Produce thereof doe not in the whole exceed halfe   #
the Quantity of Low Wines or Spiritts of the
first Extraction by him drawne and extracted in the Yeare       #
already ended on the Thirtieth of September One thousand
six hundred ninety eight and soe as the said Charles Bennett    #
doth observe and performe in all things else as all
other Distillers are by this Act obliged to observe and         #
performe.

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P VIII,586>

[}CHAPTER IV.}]

[}AN ACT FOR THE FURTHER PREVENTING THE GROWTH OF POPERY.}]

   Whereas there has beene of late a much greater Resort into   #
this Kingdom than formerly of Popish
Bishops Priests and Jesuits and they doe very openly and in     #
insolent Manner affront the Laws and daily
endeavour to pervert His Majesties naturall borne Subjects      #
which has beene occasioned by Neglect of the due
Execution of the Laws already in Force For preventing the       #
further Growth of Popery and of such treasonable
and execrable Designes and Conspiracies against His Majesties   #
Person and Government and the Established Religion
as have lately as well as frequently heretofore been brought    #
to Light and happily defeated by the wonderfull
Providence of God Be it enacted by the Kings most Excellent     #
Majesty by and with the Advice and Consent of the
Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons in this present      #
Parliament assembled and by Authority of the same
That from and after the Five and twentieth Day of March One     #
thousand and seaven hundred all and every
Person and Persons who shall apprehend and take one or more     #
Popish Bishop Priest or Jesuite and prosecute him
or them soe apprehended and taken untill he or they be          #
convicted of saying Mass or of exerciseing any other
Part of the Office or Function of a Popish Bishop or Priest     #
within these Realmes shall have and receive from the
Sheriffe or Sheriffs of the County where such Conviction shall  #
be made (without paying any Fee for the same) for
every such Offender soe convicted the Summe of One hundred      #
Pounds within Four Months after such Conviction
and Demand thereof made by tendring a Certificate to the said   #
Sheriffe or Sheriffs under the Hand or Hands of
the Judge or Justices before whom such Conviction shall be      #
made certifying the Conviction of such Popish Bishop
Priest or Jesuit and also that such Popish Bishop Priest or     #
Jesuit Popish Bishops Priests or Jesuits was or were
taken by the Person or Persons claimeing the said Reward And    #
in case any Dispute shall happen to arise betweene
the Persons soe apprehending any Popish Bishop Priest or        #
Jesuit touching their Right and Title to the said Reward
that then the said Judge or Justices soe respectively           #
certifying as aforesaid shall in and by their said Certificate
direct and appoint the said Reward to be paid unto and amongst  #
the Parties claimeing the same in such Share
and Proportion as to the said Judge or Justices shall seeme     #
just and reasonable And if it shall happen any
such Sheriffe or Sheriffs shall dye or be removed before the    #
Expiration of Four Months after such Conviction and
Demand made of the said Reward (not being paid as aforesaid)    #
that then the next succeeding Sheriffe or Sheriffs
of the said County shall pay the same within Two Months after   #
Demand and Certificate brought as aforesaid And
if Default of Payment of the said Summe or Summs of Money       #
shall happen to be made by any Sheriffe of Sheriffs
such Sheriffe or Sheriffs soe makeing Default shall forfeite    #
to the Person or Persons to whom such Money is due
as aforesaid Two hundred Pounds to be recovered by him or them  #
or his or their Executors or Administrators
in any of His Majesties Courts of Record at Westminster by      #
Action of Debt Bill Plaint or Information wherein but
One Imparlance and no Essoigne Protection or Wager of Law       #
shall be allowed with full Costs of Suite by him or
them expended in the Recovery of the same

   And it is hereby further enacted That all Sheriffs their     #
Successors Executors or Administrators upon produceing
such respective Certificates or a Duplicate or Duplicates       #
thereof shall have the Moneys contained in such Certificate
paid to them by the Lord Treasurer or Commissioners of His      #
Majesties Treasury for the time being out of the
Revenue of the Crowne.

   And for a further Remedy against the Growth of Popery over   #
and beyond the good Laws already made Be it
further enacted by the Authority aforesaid That if any Popish   #
Bishop Priest or Jesuit whatsoever shall say Masse
or Exercise any other Part of the Office or Function of a       #
Popish Bishop or Priest within these Realmes or the
Dominions thereunto belonging or if any Papist or Person        #
makeing Profession of the Popish Religion shall keepe
Schoole or take upon themselves the Education or Government or  #
Boarding of Youth in any Place within this
Realme or the Dominions thereto belonging and such Person or    #
Persons being thereof lawfully convicted that
then every such Person shall on such Conviction be adjudged to  #
perpetuall Imprisonment in such Place or Places
within this Kingdome as the King by Advice of His Privy         #
Councill shall appoint
<P VIII,587>

   And be it alsoe further enacted by the Authority aforesaid   #
That from and after the Nine and twentieth Day of
September which shall be in the Yeare of our Lord One thousand  #
seaven hundred if any Person educated in the
Popish Religion or professing the same shall not within Six     #
Months after he or she shall attaine the Age of
Eighteene Yeares take the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy     #
and alsoe subscribe the Declaration sett downe and
exprest in an Act of Parliament made in the Thirtieth Yeare of  #
the Reigne of the late King Charles the Second
intituled An Act for the more effectuall preserveing the Kings  #
Person and Government by disabling Papists from
sitting in either House of Parliament to be by him or her made  #
repeated and subscribed in the Courts of Chancery
of Kings Bench or Quarter Sessions of the County where such     #
Person shall reside every such Person shall in respect
of him or herselfe only and not to or in respect of any of his  #
or her Heires or Posterity be disabled and made
incapable to inherit or take by Discent Devise or Limittation   #
in Possession Reversion or Remainder any Lands
Tenements or Hereditaments within this Kingdome of England      #
Dominion of Wales or Towne of Berwick upon
Tweed And that during the Life of such Person or untill he or   #
she doe take the said Oaths and make repeate
and subscribe the said Declaration in Manner as aforesaid the   #
next of his or her Kindred which shall be a Protestant
shall have and enjoy the said Lands Tenements and               #
Hereditaments without being accountable for the Profitts by
him or her received during such Enjoyment thereof as aforesaid  #
but in case of any wilfull Wast committed on the
said Lands Tenements or Hereditaments by the Person soe         #
haveing or enjoying the same or any other by his or
her Lycence or Authority the Party disabled his or her          #
Executors and Administrators shall and may recover Treble
Damages for the same against the Person committing such Wast    #
his or her Executors or Administrators by Action
of Debt in any of His Majesties Courts of Record at             #
Westminster And that from and after the Tenth Day of
Aprill which shall be in the Yeare of our Lord One thousand     #
seaven hundred every Papist or Person makeing
Profession of the Popish Religion shall be disabled and is      #
hereby made incapable to purchase either in his or her
owne Name or in the Name of any other Person or Persons to his  #
or her Use or in Trust for him or her
any Mannors Lands Profitts out of Lands Tenements Rents Termes  #
or Hereditaments within the Kingdome of
England Dominion of Wales and Towne of Berwick upon Tweed And   #
that all and singuler Estates Termes and
any other Interests of Profitts whatsoever out of Lands from    #
and after the said Tenth Day of Aprill to be made
suffered or done to or for the Use or Behoofe of any such       #
Person or Persons or upon any Trust or Confidence
mediately or immediately to or for the Benefitt or Releife of   #
any such Person or Persons shall be utterly void
and of none Effect to all Intents Constructions and Purposes    #
whatsoever

   Provided alwaies That nothing in this Act contained shall    #
be construed to extend to any Popish Priest for
saying Masse or officiating as a Priest within the Dwelling     #
House of any Forreigne Minister resideing here soe as
such Priest be not one of His Majesties naturall borne          #
Subjects not naturalized within any of His Kingdoms or
Dominions and soe as the Name of such Priest and the Place of   #
his Birth and the Forreigne Minister to whom
he shall belong be entred and registred in the Office of the    #
Principall Secratary of State

   And whereas by an Act made in the Third Yeare of King James  #
the First intituled And Act to prevent and
avoid Dangers which may grow by Popish Recusants whosoever      #
shall be convicted of sending or causing to be
sent any Child or any other Person under their Government into  #
Parts beyond the Seas out of the Kings Obedience
to the Intent that such Child or Person soe sent should be      #
educated in the Romish Religion contrary to the said
Act is to forfeite One hundred Pounds One Halfe to the Kings    #
Majesty and the other Halfe to him that shall sue
for the same For the greater Incouragement and Reward of those  #
who shall discover such Offenders Be it enacted
by the Authority aforesaid That the said Summe of One hundred   #
Pounds shall be to the sole Use and Benefitt of
him or her who shall discover and convict any Person soe        #
offending to be recovered in such Manner as in the
said recited Act is enacted Any thing in the said Act to the    #
contrary notwithstanding

   And to the end that the Protestant Children of Popish        #
Parents may not in the Life times of such their
Parents for want of fitting Maintenance be necessitated in      #
complyance with their Parents to imbrace the Popish
Religion contrary to their owne Inclinations Be it enacted by   #
the Authority aforesaid That from and after the said
Five and twentieth Day of March One thousand seaven hundred if  #
any such Parent in order to the compelling
such his or her Protestant Child to change his or her Religion  #
shall refuse to allow such Child a fitting Maintenance
suitable to the Degree and Ability of such Parent and to the    #
Age and Education of such Child then upon
Complaint thereof made to the Lord High Chancellor of England   #
or Lord Keeper of the Great Seale or Commissioners
for the Great Seale for the Time being It shall be lawfull for  #
the said Lord Chancellor Lord Keeper or Commissioners
to make such Order therein as shall be agreeable to the Intent  #
of his Act.



<B CEHAND3A>
<Q E3 IS HANDO WALTON>
<N COMPLEAT ANGLER>
<A WALTON IZAAK>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H OTHER>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^WALTON, IZAAK.
THE COMPLEAT ANGLER, 1653-1676.
ED. J. BEVAN.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1983.
PP. 210.1 - 217.7   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 292.1 - 299.10  (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 210>
[}CHAP. II.}]

[}OBSERVATIONS OF THE OTTER AND CHUB.}]

(^Venat.^) My friend (^Piscator^) , you have kept time with my
thoughts, for the Sun is just rising, and I my self just now    #
come
to this place, and the dogs have just now put down an           #
(^Otter^) ;
look down at the bottom of the hill there in that Meadow,
chequered with (^water-Lillies^) , and (^Lady-smocks^) , there  #
you may
see what work they make; look, look, you may see all busie,
men and dogs, dogs and men, all busie.
(^Pisc.^) Sir, I am right glad to meet you, and glad to have so
fair an entrance into this dayes sport, and glad to see so many
dogs, and more men all in pursuit of the (^Otter^) ; lets       #
complement
no longer, but joyn unto them; come honest (^Venator^) , lets   #
be
gone, let us make hast; I long to be doing: no reasonable hedg
or ditch shall hold me.
(^Ven.^) Gentleman Huntsman, where found you this (^Otter^) ?
(^Hunt.^) Marry (Sir) we found her a mile from this place a
fishing; she has this morning eaten the greatest part of this
(^Trout^) ; she has only left thus much of it as you see, and   #
was
fishing for more; when we came we found her just at it: but we
were here very early, we were here an hour before Sun-rise,
and have given her no rest since we came; sure she will hardly
escape all these dogs and men. I am to have the skin if we kill
her.
(^Ven.^) Why, Sir, what's the skin worth?
(^Hunt.^) 'Tis worth ten shillings to make gloves; the gloves   #
of
an (^Otter^) are the best fortification for your hands that     #
can be
thought on against wet weather.
(^Pisc.^) I pray, honest Huntsman, let me ask you a pleasant
question, do you hunt a beast or a fish?
<P 211>
(^Hunt.^) Sir, It is not in my power to resolve you, I leave    #
it to
be resolved by the Colledge of (^Carthusians^) , who have made
vows never to eat flesh. But I have heard, the question hath
been debated among many great Clerks, and they seem to
differ about it; yet most agree that her tail is Fish: and if   #
her
body be Fish too, then I may say, that a Fish will walk upon
land, (for an (^Otter^) does so) sometimes five or six, or ten  #
miles in
a night to catch for her young ones, or to glut herself with    #
Fish,
and I can tell you that (^Pigeons^) will fly forty miles for a  #
breakfast,
but (^Sir^) , I am sure the (^Otter^) devours much Fish, and    #
kills and
spoils much more than he eats: And I can tell you, that this
Dog-fisher (for so the Latins call him) can smell a Fish in the
water an hundred yards from him ( (^Gesner^) says much farther)
and that his stones are good against the Falling-sickness: and
that there is an herb (^Benione^) , which being hung in a       #
linnen
cloth near a Fish-pond, or any haunt that he uses, makes him
to avoid the place; which proves he can smell both by water
and land; and I can tell you there is brave hunting this        #
Waterdog
in (^Corn-wall^) , where there have been so many, that our
learned (^Cambden^) says, there is a River called               #
(^Ottersey^) , which was
so named, by reason of the abundance of (^Otters^) that bred    #
and
fed in it.
   And thus much for my knowledg of the (^Otter^) , which you   #
may
now see above water at vent, and the dogs close with him; I
now see he will not last long, follow therefore my Masters,
follow, for (^Sweetlips^) was like to have him at this last     #
vent.
(^Ven.^) Oh me, all the Horse are got over the River, what      #
shall
we do now? shall we follow them over the water?
(^Hunt.^) No, (^Sir^) , no, be not so eager, stay a little and  #
follow
me, for both they, and the dogs will be suddenly on this side
again, I warrant you: and the (^Otter^) too, it may be: now     #
have
at him with (^Kilbuck^) , for he vents again.
<P 212>
(^Ven.^) Marry so he do's, for look he vents in that corner.    #
Now,
now (^Ringwood^) has him: now he's gone again, and has bit the
poor dog. Now (^Sweetlips^) has him; hold him (^Sweetlips^) !   #
now all
the dogs have him, some above and some under water; but
now, now he's tir'd, and past losing: come bring him to me,
(^Sweetlips^) . Look, 'tis a (^Bitch-Otter^) , and she has      #
lately whelp'd,
let's go to the place where she was (^put down^) , and not far  #
from it
you will find all her young ones, I dare warrant you, and kill
them all too.
(^Hunt.^) Come, Gentlemen, come all, let's go to the place
where we (^put down^) the (^Otter^) . Look you, hereabout it    #
was that
she kennel'd; look you, here it was indeed, for here's her      #
young
ones, no less than five; come let's kill them all.
(^Pisc.^) No, I pray Sir, save me one, and I'll try if I can    #
make
her tame, as I know an ingenious Gentleman in                   #
(^Leicester-shire^)
(Mr. (^Nich. Seagrave^) ) has done; who hath not only made her
tame, but to catch Fish, and do many other things of much
pleasure.
(^Hunt.^) Take one with all my heart, but let us kill the rest.
And now let's go to an honest Ale-house, where we may have a
cup of good (^Barley-wine^) , and sing (^Old Rose^) , and all   #
of us rejoyce
together.
(^Venat.^) Come my friend, (^Piscator^) , let me invite you     #
along
with us; I'll bear you charges this night, and you shall bear
mine to morrow; for my intention is to accompany you a day
or two in Fishing.
(^Pisc.^) Sir, your request is granted, and I shall be right    #
glad,
both to exchange such a courtesie, and also to enjoy your
company.
(^Venat.^) Well, now let's go to your sport of Angling.
(^Pisc.^) Let's be going with all my heart. God keep you all,
Gentlemen, and send you meet this day with another Bitch-Otter,
and kill her merrily, and all her young ones too.
(^Ven.^) Now, (^Piscator^) , where will you begin to fish?
<P 213>
(^Pisc.^) We are not yet come to a likely place, I must walk a
mile further yet, before I begin.
(^Venat.^) Well then, I pray, as we walk tell me freely, how do
you like your lodging and mine Hoste and the company? is not
mine Hoste a witty man?
(^Pisc.^) Sir, I will tell you presently what I think of your   #
Hoste;
but first I will tell you, I am glad these (^Otters^) were      #
killed, and I 
am sorry there are no more (^Otter-killers^) : for I know that  #
the
want of (^Otter-killers^) , and the not keeping the (^Fence     #
months^) for the
preservation of (^fish^) , will in time prove the destruction   #
of all
(^Rivers^) ; and those very few that are left, that make        #
conscience of
the Laws of the Nation, and of keeping days of abstinence, will
be forced to eat flesh, or suffer more inconveniences than are
yet foreseen.
(^Venat.^) Why, Sir, what be those you call the Fence
months?
(^Pisc.^) Sir, they be principally three, namely, (^March,      #
April^) ,
and (^May^) , for these be the usual months that (^Salmon^)     #
come out of
the Sea to spawn in most fresh Rivers, and their Fry would
about a certain time return back to the salt water, if they     #
were
not hindred by (^weres^) and (^unlawful gins^) , which the      #
greedy
Fisher-men set, and so destroy them by thousands, as they
would (being so taught by nature) change the (^fresh^) for      #
(^salt
water^) . He that shall view the wise Statutes made in the 13   #
of
(^Edw. the I.^) and the like in (^Rich. the III.^) may see      #
several
provisions made against the destruction of Fish: and though I
profess no knowledg of the Law, yet I am sure the regulation of
these defects might be easily mended. But I remember that a
wise friend of mine did usually say, (^That which is every      #
bodies
business, is no bodies business^) . If it were otherwise,       #
there could not
be so many Nets and Fish that are under the Statute size, sold
daily amongst us, and of which the (^conservators^) of the      #
waters
should be ashamed.
   But above all, the taking Fish in Spawning time, may be said
to be against nature; it is like the taking the dam on the nest
<P 214>
when she hatches her young: a sin so against nature, that
Almighty God hath in the Levitical Law made a Law against
it.
   But the poor Fish have enemies enough beside such
unnatural (^Fisher-men^) , as namely, the (^Otters^) that I     #
spake of, the
(^Cormorant^) , the (^Bittern^) , the (^Osprey^) , the          #
(^Sea-gull^) , the (^Hern^) , the
(^Kingfisher^) , the (^Gorrara^) , the (^Puet^) , the (^Swan,   #
Goose, Ducks^) , and the
(^Craber^) , which some call the Water-rat: against all which   #
any
honest man may make a just quarrel, but I will not, I will      #
leave
them to be quarreled with, and kill'd by others; for I am not   #
of
a cruel nature, I love to kill nothing but Fish.
   And now to your question concerning your Hoste, to speak
truly, he is not to me a good companion: for most of his        #
conceits
were either Scripture jests, or lascivious jests; for which I   #
count
no man witty, for the Devil will help a man that way inclined,
to the first; and his own corrupt nature (which he always 
carries with him) to the latter. But a companion that feasts    #
the
company with (^wit^) and (^mirth^) , and leaves out the sin     #
(which is
usually mixt with them) he is the man; and indeed such a 
companion should have his charges born: and to such
company I hope to bring you this night; for at (^Trout-hall^) , #
not
far from this place, where I purpose to lodge to night,         #
there is
usually an Angler that proves good company: and let me tell
you, good company and good discourse are the very sinews of
vertue: but for such discourse as we heard last night, it       #
infects
others; the very boys will learn to talk and swear as they      #
heard
mine Host, and another of the company that shall be nameless;
I am sorry the other is a Gentleman, for less Religion will not
save their Souls than a beggars; I think more will be required
at the last great day. Well, you know what Example is able to
do, and I know what the Poet says in the like case, which is
worthy to be noted by all parents and people of civility:
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
<P 215>
[^VERSE OMITTED^] 
   This is reason put into Verse, and worthy the consideration
of a wise man. But of this no more, for though I love civility,
yet I hate severe censures: I'le to my own art, and I doubt not
but at yonder tree I shall catch a (^Chub^) , and then we'l     #
turn to an
honest cleanly Hostess, that I know right well; rest our selves
there, and dress it for our dinner.
(^Venat.^) Oh Sir, a (^Chub^) is the worst Fish that swims, I   #
hoped
for a (^Trout^) to my dinner.
(^Pisc.^) Trust me, (^Sir^) , there is not a likely place for   #
a (^Trout^)
hereabout, and we staid so long to take our leave of your
Huntsmen this morning, that the Sun is got so high, and shines
so clear, that I will not undertake the catching of a           #
(^Trout^) till 
evening; and though a (^Chub^) be by you and many others
reckoned the worst of (^fish^) , yet you shall see I'll make    #
it a good
Fish, by dressing it.
(^Ven.^) Why, how will you dress him?
(^Pisc.^) I'll tell you by and by, when I have caught him. Look
you here, Sir, do you see? (but you must stand very close)      #
there
lye upon the top of the water in this very hole twenty          #
(^Chubs^) : I'll
catch only one, and that shall be the biggest of them all: and
that I will do so, I'll hold you twenty to one, and you shall   #
see
it done.
(^Venat.^) I marry Sir, now you talk like an Artist, and I'll   #
say
you are one, when I shall see you perform what you say you 
can do; but I yet doubt it.
(^Pisc.^) You shall not doubt it long, for you shall see me do  #
it
presently: look, the biggest of these (^Chubs^) has had some    #
bruise
upon his tail, by a Pike or some other accident, and that looks
like a white spot; that very (^Chub^) I mean to put into your   #
hands
presently; sit you but down in the shade, and stay but a little
while, and I'le warrant you I'le bring him to you.
<P 216>
(^Venat.^) I'le sit down and hope well, because you seem to be
so confident.
(^Pisc.^) Look you Sir, there is a tryal of my skill, there he  #
is,
that very (^Chub^) that I shewed you with the white spot on his
tail: and I'le be as certain to make him a good dish of         #
meat, as
I was to catch him. I'le now lead you to an honest Ale-house
where we shall find a cleanly room, (^Lavender^) in the         #
Windows,
and twenty (^Ballads^) stuck about the wall; there my Hostess
(which I may tell you, is both cleanly and handsome and civil)
hath drest many a one for me, and shall now dress it after my
fashion, and I warrant it good meat.
(^Ven.^) Come Sir, with all my heart, for I begin to be hungry,
and long to be at it, and indeed to rest my self too; for       #
though I 
have walk'd but four miles this morning, yet I begin to be
weary; yesterdays hunting hangs still upon me.
(^Pisc.^) Well Sir, and you shall quickly be at rest, for       #
yonder is
the house I mean to bring you to.
   Come Hostess, how do you? Will you first give us a cup of
your best drink, and then dress this (^Chub^) , as you drest    #
my last,
when I and my friend were here about eight or ten days ago?
but you must do me one courtesie, it must be done instantly.
(^Host.^) I will do it, Mr. (^Piscator^) , and with all the     #
speed I can.
(^Pisc.^) Now Sir, has not my Hostess made hast? and does not
the fish look lovely?
(^Ven.^) Both, upon my word, Sir, and therefore let's say grace
and fall to eating of it.
(^Pisc.^) Well Sir, how do you like it?
(^Ven.^) Trust me, 'tis as good meat as I ever tasted: now let  #
me
thank you for it, drink to you, and beg a courtesie of you;     #
but it
must not be deny'd me.
(^Pisc.^) What is it I pray Sir? you are so modest, that        #
methinks
I may promise to grant it before it is asked.
(^Ven.^) Why Sir, it is, that from henceforth you would allow
me to call you (^Master^) , and that really I may be your       #
Scholar.
for you are such a companion, and have so quickly caught, and
<P 217>
so excellently cook'd this fish, as makes me ambitious to be
your Scholar.
(^Pisc.^) Give me your hand; from this time forward I will be
your Master, and teach you as much of this Art as I am able;
and will, as you desire me, tell you somewhat of the nature of
most of the Fish that we are to angle for; and I am sure I both
can and will tell you more than any common (^Angler^) yet       #
knows. 


<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E3 IS HANDO WALTON>
<N COMPLEAT ANGLER>
<A WALTON IZAAK>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H OTHER>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>

<P 292>
[}CHAP. IX.}]

[}OBSERVATIONS OF THE CARP, WITH DIRECTIONS
HOW TO FISH FOR HIM.}]
 
(^Pisc.^) The (^Carp^) is the Queen of Rivers: a stately, a     #
good, and
a very subtil fish, that was not at first bred, nor hath been   #
long
in (^England^) , but is now naturalized. It is said, they were  #
brought
hither by one Mr. (^Mascal^) a Gentleman, that then lived at
(^Plumsted^) in (^Sussex^) , a County that abounds more with    #
this fish
than any in this Nation.
   You may remember that I told you, (^Gesner^) says, there     #
are no
(^Pikes^) in (^Spain^) ; and doubtless, there was a time,       #
about a
hundred or a few more years ago, when there were no (^Carps^)   #
in
(^England^) , as may seem to be affirmed by S. (^Richard        #
Baker^) , in
whose Chronicle you may find these Verses.

(^Hops and Turkies, Carps and Beer
Came into^) England (^all in a year.^)

   And doubtless as of Sea-fish the (^Herring^) dies soonest    #
out of
the water, and of fresh-water-fish the (^Trout^) , so (except   #
the (^Eel^) )
the (^Carp^) endures most hardness, and lives longest out of    #
his own
proper Element. And therefore the report of the Carps being
brought out of a forraigne Country into this Nation is the more
probable.
   Carps and Loaches are observed to Breed several months in
<P 293>
one year, which Pikes and most other fish do not. And this is
partly proved by tame and wild (^Rabbets^) , as also by some    #
(^Ducks^) ,
which will lay eggs nine of the twelve months, and yet there be
other (^Ducks^) that lay no longer than about one month. And    #
it is
the rather to be believed, because you shall scarce or never
take a (^Male-Carp^) without a (^Melt^) , or a (^Female^)       #
without a (^Roe^) or
(^spawn^) , and for the most part very much; and especially     #
all the
Summer season; and it is observed, that they breed more
naturally in ponds than in running waters, (if they breed there
at all); and those that live in Rivers are taken by men of
the best palats to be much the better meat.
   And it is observed, that in some ponds (^Carps^) will not    #
breed,
especially in cold ponds; but where they will breed, they breed
innumerably; (^Aristotle^) and (^Pliny^) say, six times in a    #
year, if there
be no (^Pikes^) nor (^Pearch^) to devour their Spawn, when it   #
is cast
upon grass, or flags or weeds, where it lies ten or twelve      #
dayes
before it be enlivened.
   The (^Carp^) , if he have water-room and good feed, will     #
grow to 
a very great bigness and length: I have heard, to be much
above a yard long. 'Tis said, (by (^Jovius^) , who hath writ of
Fishes) that in the lake (^Lurian^) in (^Italy, Carps^) have    #
thriven to
be more than fifty pound weight, which is the more probable,
for as the (^Bear^) is conceiv'd and born suddenly; and being   #
born
is but short-liv'd: So on the contrary, the (^Elephant^) is     #
said to be
two years in his dams belly (some think he is ten years in it)  #
and
being born grows in bigness twenty years; and 'tis observ'd
too that he lives to the Age of a hundred years. And 'tis also
observ'd that the (^Crocodile^) is very long-liv'd, and more    #
than
that, that all that long life he thrives in bigness, and so I   #
think
some (^Carps^) do, especially in some places; though I never    #
saw
one above 23. inches, which was a great and goodly Fish: But
have been assured there are of a far greater size, and in       #
(^England^)
too.
   Now, as the increase of (^Carps^) is wonderful for their     #
number;
so there is not a reason found out, I think by any, why they
should breed in some Ponds, and not in others of the same
<P 294>
nature, for soil and all other circumstances: and as their
breeding, so are their decays also very mysterious: I have      #
both 
read it, and been told by a Gentleman of tryed honesty, that he
has known sixty or more large (^Carps^) put into several ponds
near to a house, where by reason of the stakes in the ponds,    #
and
the Owners constant being near to them, it was impossible they
should be stole away from him: and that when he has after
three or four years emptyed the pond, and expected an
increase from them by breeding young ones (for that they
might do so, he had, as the rule is, put in three Melters for   #
one
Spawner) he has, I say, after three or four years, found        #
neither
a young nor old (^Carp^) remaining. And the like I have known   #
of
one that has almost watched the pond, and at a like distance of
time, at the fishing of a pond, found of seventy or eighty      #
large
(^Carps^) not above five or six: and that he had forborn        #
longer to
fish the said pond, but he saw in a hot day in Summer, a
large (^Carp^) swim near the top of the water with a Frog upon  #
his
head, and that he upon that occasion caused his pond to be let
dry: and I say, of seventy or eighty (^Carps^) , only found     #
five or six
in the said pond, and those very sick and lean, and with every
one a Frog sticking so fast on the head of the said             #
(^Carps^) , that
the (^Frog^) would not be got off without extreme force or      #
killing:
and the Gentleman that did affirm this to me, told me he saw
it, and did declare his belief to be, (and also I believe the   #
same)
that he thought the other (^Carps^) that were so strangely      #
lost, were
so killed by frogs, and then devoured.
   And a person of honour now living in (^Worcestershire^)      #
assur'd
me he had seen a necklace or collar of Tadpoles hang like a
chaine or necklace of beads about a (^Pikes^) neck, and to      #
kill him;
whether it were for meat or malice, must be to me a question.
   But I am faln into this Discourse by accident, of which I 
might say more, but it has proved longer than I intended, and
possibly may not to you be considerable; I shall therefore give
you three or four more short observations of the (^Carp^) ,     #
and then
fall upon some directions how you shall fish for him.
   The age of Carps is by Sir (^Francis Bacon^) (in his         #
History of Life
<P 295>
and Death) observed to be but ten years; yet others think they
live longer. (^Gesner^) saies a (^Carp^) has been known to      #
live in the
(^Palatinate^) above a hundred years: But most conclude, that
(contrary to the (^Pike^) or (^Luce^) ) all (^Carps^) are the   #
better for age and
bigness; the Tongues of (^Carps^) are noted to be choice and    #
costly
meat, especially to them that buy them: but (^Gesner^) saies,   #
(^Carps^)
have no tongue like other Fish, but a piece of flesh-like-Fish  #
in
their mouth like to a tongue, and should be called a palate:    #
But
it is certain it is choicely good, and that the (^Carp^) is to  #
be
reckoned amongst those leather-mouthed fish, which I told
you have their teeth in their throat, and for that reason he is
very seldom lost by breaking his hold, if your hook be once
stuck into his chaps.
   I told you that Sir (^Francis Bacon^) thinks that the        #
(^Carp^) lives but
ten years, but (^Janus Dubravius^) has writ a Book of Fish and  #
Fishponds,
in which he saies, That (^Carps^) begin to Spawn at the age
of three years, and continue to do so till thirty: he says      #
also,
That in the time of their breeding, which is in Summer, when
the Sun hath warmed both the earth and water, and so apted
them also for generation; that then three or four               #
Male- (^Carps^)
will follow a Female; and that then she putting on a seeming
coyness, they force her through weeds and flags, where she lets
fall her Eggs or Spawn, which sticks fast to the weeds; and     #
then
they let fall their Melt upon it, and so it becomes in a short
time to be a living Fish; and as I told you, it is thought the
(^Carp^) does this several months in the year, and most         #
believe that
most fish breed after this manner, except the Eel: and it has
been observed, that when the Spawner has weakned her self by
doing that natural office, that two or three Melters have       #
helped
her from off the weeds, by bearing her up on both sides, and
guarding her into the deep. And you may note, that though
this may seem a curiosity not worth observing, yet others have
judged it worth their time and costs, to make                   #
(^Glass-hives^) , and
order them in such a manner as to see how (^Bees^) have bred    #
and
<P 296>
made their (^Honey-combs^) , and how they have obeyed their     #
King,
and governed their Common-wealth. But it is thought that all
(^Carps^) are not bred by generation, but that some breed other
ways, as some (^Pikes^) do.
   The Physicians make the (^galls^) and (^stones^) in the      #
heads of
(^Carps^) to be very medicinable; but 'tis not to be doubted    #
but
that in (^Italy^) they make great profit of the Spawn of        #
(^Carps^) , by
selling it to the (^Jews^) , who make it into red               #
(^Caviare^) , the (^Jews^)
not being by their Law admitted to eat of (^Caviare^) made of   #
the
(^Sturgeon^) , that being a Fish that wants scales, and (as may
appear in (^Levit.^) 11.) by them reputed to be unclean.
   Much more might be said out of him, and out of               #
(^Aristotle^) ,
which (^Dubravius^) often quotes in his Discourse of Fishes;    #
but it
might rather perplex than satisfie you, and therefore I shall
rather chuse to direct you how to catch, than spend more time
in discoursing either of the nature or the breeding of this
(^Carp^) ,

[^FIGURE OMITTED^]

or of any more circumstances concerning him; but yet I shall
remember you of what I told you before, that he is a very       #
subtil
Fish, and hard to be caught.
   And my first direction is, that if you will Fish for a       #
(^Carp^) , you
must put on a very large measure of (^patience^) ; especially   #
to fish
for a (^River Carp^) : I have known a very good Fisher angle
diligently four or six hours in a day, for three or four daies
together for a (^River Carp^) , and not have a bite: and you    #
are to
note, that in some ponds it is as hard to catch a Carp as in a
River; that is to say, where they have store of feed, and the
<P 297>
water is of clayish colour: But you are to remember, that I
have told you there is no rule without an exception, and
therefore being possest with that hope and patience which I
wish to all Fishers, especially to the (^Carp-Angler^) , I      #
shall tell you
with what bait to fish for him. But first you are to know,      #
that it
must be either early or late; and let me tell you, that in hot
weather (for he will seldom bite in cold) you cannot be too
early or too late at it. And some have been so curious as to    #
say,
the 10. of (^April^) is a fatal day for Carps.
   The Carp bites either at worms or at paste; and of worms I
think the blewish Marsh or Meadow worm is best; but possibly
another worm not too big may do as well, and so may a green 
Gentle: And as for pastes, there are almost as many sorts as
there are Medicines for the Toothach, but doubtless sweet
pastes are best; I mean, pastes made with honey or with sugar:
which, that you may the better beguile this crafty Fish, should
be thrown into the Pond or place in which you fish for him
some hours or longer before you undertake your tryal of skill
with the Angle-rod: and doubtless if it be thrown into the
water a day or two before, at several times and in small        #
pellets,
you are the likelier when you fish for the Carp to obtain your
desired sport; or in a large Pond to draw them to any certain
place, that they may the better and with more hope be fished
for, you are to throw into it in some certain place, either     #
Grains
or Blood mixt with Cow dung, or with Bran; or any Garbage,
as Chickens guts or the like, and then some of your small sweet
pellets with which you purpose to angle: and these small
pellets being a few of them also thrown in as you are Angling
will be the better.
   And your paste must be thus made: Take the flesh of a
Rabbet or Cat cut small, and Bean-flowre, and if that may not
be easily got, get other flowre, and then mix these together,
and put to them either Sugar, or Honey, which I think better,
and then beat these together in a Mortar, or sometimes work
them in your hands, (your hands being very clean) and then
<P 298>
make it into a Ball, or two, or three, as you like best for     #
your
use; but you must work or pound it so long in the Mortar, as to
make it so tough as to hang upon your hook without washing
from it, yet not too hard; or that you may the better keep it   #
on
your hook, you may knead with your paste a little (and not
much) white or yellowish wool.
   And if you would have this paste keep all the year for any
other Fish, then mix it with (^Virgin wax^) and (^clarified     #
honey^) , and
work them together with your hands before the Fire, then 
make these into balls, and they will keep all the year.
   And if you fish for a Carp with Gentles, then put upon your
hook a small piece of Scarlet about this bigness [^FIGURE       #
OMITTED^] , it being
soked in, or anointed with (^Oyl of Peter^) , called by some    #
(^Oyl of the
Rock^) ; and if your Gentles be put two or three dayes before   #
into
a box or horn anointed with honey, and so put upon your hook
as to preserve them to be living, you are as like to kill this  #
crafty
fish this way as any other. But still as you are fishing chaw a
little white or brown bread in your mouth, and cast it into the
pond about the place where your Flote swims. Other baits
there be, but these with diligence, and patient watchfulness,
will do it better than any that I have ever practised, or       #
heard of:
And yet I shall tell you, that the crumbs of white bread and
honey made into a paste is a good bait for a (^Carp^) , and     #
you know
it is more easily made. And having said thus much of the        #
(^Carp^) ,
my next discourse shall be of the (^Bream^) , which shall not   #
prove
so tedious, and therefore I desire the continuance of your
attention.
   But first I will tell you how to make this (^Carp^) that is  #
so
curious to be caught, so curious a dish of meat, as shall make
him worth all your labour and patience; and though it is not
without some trouble and charges, yet it will recompence both.
   (^Take a^) Carp (^(alive if possible) scour him, and rub     #
him clean with
water and salt, but scale him not, then open him, and put him   #
with his
bloud and his liver (which you must save when you open him)     #
into a
small pot or kettle; then take sweet Marjoram, Time and         #
Parsley, of
each half a handful, a sprig of Rosemary, and another of        #
Savoury, bind
them into two or three small bundles, and put them to your      #
Carp, with
<P 299>
four or five whole Onyons, twenty pickled Oysters, and three    #
Anchovies.
Then pour upon your Carp as much Claret wine as will only       #
cover him;
and season your Claret well with salt, Cloves and Mace, and     #
the rinds of
Oranges and Lemons, that done, cover your pot and set it on a   #
quick-fire,
till it be sufficiently boiled; then take out the Carp and lay  #
it with the
broth into the dish, and pour upon it a quarter of a pound of   #
the best fresh
butter melted and beaten, with half a dozen spoonfuls of the    #
broth, the
yolks of two or three eggs, and some of the herbs shred;        #
garnish your dish
with Lemons and so serve it up, and much good do you.^)
Dr. T.



<B CEHAND3B>
<Q E3 IS HANDO LANGF>
<N FRUIT TREES>
<A LANGFORD T>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HANDB OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^LANGFORD, T.
PLAIN AND FULL INSTRUCTIONS TO RAISE ALL
SORTS OF FRUIT-TREES THAT PROSPER IN ENGLAND.
LONDON: R. CHISWELL, 1699.
PP. 29.1  - 42.9    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 114.1 - 130.3   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 29>
[}CHAP. IV.}]

[}OF INOCULATING.}]

   (^Sect.^) 1. About a fortnight before
or after (^Midsummer^) (which is the
best time, though it may be done from
the beginning of (^May^) till (^August^) ) when
you have pitch'd upon such (^stocks^) as are
fit to be (^inoculated^) , choose out a strong
and (^well liking branch^) , or (^shoot^) of that
(^years growth^) upon a Tree that bears such
kind of (^fruit^) as you would by this operation
produce, and about the middle,
or lower end of it, (for the top will be
too tender) fix upon a (^leaf^) , that hath a
fresh and fair (^bud^) growing out betwixt
it and the bark, and about half an inch
below, and above the (^bud^) , cut off the
(^branch^) , and so you will have a piece of
it about an inch long remaining, with
a (^bud^) and a (^leaf^) on; this you must (^cleave^)
just through the midst, so as the (^bud^) may
be directly in the middle of the one half;
and then snip off a part of the (^leaf^) ,
or the whole leaving the stalk: and
holding it by the remainder, clap it to a
smooth place on the stock; and with a
<P 30>
Pen-knife score out, on each side of it,
so much of the stock as it covers, or rather
a little broader (because when the
(^bark^) on which the (^bud^) is, is taken off
from its own (^wood^) and applyed to the
stock, it will cover a wider space of the
stock than it did before;) after you have
thus marked your stock, with-draw the
Scion again, & cut the (^bark^) through where
you had marked it, then cut the (^bark cross^)
and (^straight^) , from the uppermost end of
one (^score^) to the upper end of the (^other^) ,
and cut the (^bark^) again (^cross^) and (^straight^) ,
from one (^score^) to the (^other^) , but not so
low as the lower ends of the (^scores^) by a
quarter of an inch, then take the oblong
square piece of (^bark^) , that is cut on
every side quite off the Stock, and raise
up that part of the bark that remains betwixt
the side (^scores^) , at the bottom of 
the work, from the (^wood^) , till you come
to the lower ends of the side (^scores^) .
   Take then a Goose-quill, cut in the
fashion of an (^Apple Scoop^) , or (^Scraper^) , and
having with your Nail a little loosened
the upper part of the (^bark^) that is on
the Scion, thrust the (^quill^) betwixt the
(^bark^) and the (^wood^) , holding it close to
the (^wood^) , that it may separate them, and
take off with the (^bark^) a little (^wood^) or
<P 31>
(^root^) of the (^bud^) over against it: If you
see a (^hole^) on the inside over against the
(^bud^) , when you have taken the bark off,
(which is seldom) cast it away, that little 
labour is lost, and try another till
you find it otherwise.
   Then put in the lower end of that
(^Bark^) or (^Scion^) betwixt the (^bark^) that was
raised on the Stock and the Wood, and
so bind it on the Stock gently with (^Woollen-yarn^) ,
or (^narrow shreds^) of (^Linen-cloth^) ,
or (^gentle Stuff^) , or with (^Basses^) , or (^Bast^) ,
of which the (^Russia Mats^) are made, but
so that the (^Scion^) may lie close to the (^wood^)
of the (^stock^) that was made bare, and
have a special care that you hurt not
the (^bud^) .
   (^Sect.^) 2. There are some other ways
of (^inoculating^) used, differing only in the 
manner of the cut both in the (^bark^) of
the Stock, and of the (^Scion^) .
   And first, some proceeding in all other
things as is before directed, cut the
Bark out of the whole length of the side
(^scores^) , and apply the (^Scion^) to the disbarked 
place.
   Secondly, Others cut one slit only,
down the bark of the (^Stock^) , and another
(^cross^) the top of it, like a great T:
when this is done, they prepare the
<P 32>
(^Scion^) or (^bark^) as before directed, (only
cutting it sharp pointed at the lower end
before they take the (^bud^) off its (^wood^) )
then raise the (^bark^) of the (^Stock^) up on
each side the (^slit^) , and put in the Scion,
beginning at the top and sliding it downward
gently, and so bind the bark gently
upon it. (^This is the common way used
among Gardiners.^)
   (^Thirdly^) , You may make the (^cross cut^)
in the middle of the downright (^score^) on
the Stock, and lifting up the four corners
of the (^bark^) , and making the Scion
sharp at both ends, put it under the bark
of the Stock at both ends, and then bind
it. But in doing this there is danger of
hurting the Scion.
   (^Fourthly^) , Mr. (^Rea^) commends the making
the (^cross cut^) at the lower end of the
(^down right cut^) , and having opened the
sides, put in the Scion upward, being
made sharp at the upper end only.
   Thus much to satisfie the curiosity of
such as have a mind to make tryal of
every way; but the first that I have described
at large, I take to be the best.
<P 33>
[}CHAP. V.}]

[}OBSERVATIONS TOUCHING INOCULATING.}]

   (^Sect.^) 1. Lest one (^bud^) fail, or any
mischance break it, put (^two^) in every
(^Stock^) , but not directly (^under^) one another,
on the same side of the (^stock^) :
The (^branch^) or (^shoot^) , you cut one (^Scion^)
off, may yield you several.
   About a (^month^) after the (^inoculating^) , or
sooner, if you perceive the (^bark^) swell
where the binding is, cut off the binding.
   If it grow it will fix to the (^Stock^) , keep
its colour, and that part of the (^leaf^) and
(^stalk^) that was left will drop off, and the
(^bud^) appear fair; then sometime before
the next spring cut off the (^top^) of the (^stock^)
a hands breadth above the place it was
(^inoculated^) at, and all the (^side-branches^) ,
that grow any where upon the (^Stock^) ;
and at Spring the (^bud^) will put forth, and
if any other (^sprouts^) of (^buds^) appear on
the (^stock^) , cut them off.
   If the first (^inoculation^) fail, or the (^buds^)
die, the (^stocks^) may be (^inoculated^) again
next Summer; and of such as are (^inoculated^)
<P 34>
timely in the year, it may be sometimes
seen whether they grow or not,
time enough to (^inoculate^) them again the
same year.
   (^Apricocks^) will have (^buds^) sooner ready 
than other fruit; so that you may begin
with them, and follow with other
kinds.
   (^Sect.^) 2. (^Stocks^) raised of (^Peach-stones^) are
commonly big enough to be (^inoculated^)
the (^second^) Summer, sometimes the (^first^)
after they are set; when they, or any
other (^Stocks^) are an (^inch^) and half in compass,
or thereabouts, they are big enough
to be (^inoculated^) .
   Those you intend for (^Wall^) , or (^Dwarf-trees^) ,
are to be (^inoculated^) within a (^handful^)
of the ground, and not Pruned at all
till you remove them, and then you will
better see what's necessary to be cut off:
And these you may remove after (^one^)
years growth, or (^two^) with more safety.
   If you (^inoculate^) any (^Plums^) , (^Cherries^) ,
(^Pears^) or other (^Fruit^) , that you intend
for an Orchard, or other place, for tall
standards, you may do it higher on the
(^stocks^) , and Prune these up in the (^Nursery^) ,
and let them grow there three or four
years (according as they grow in height)
before they be removed.
<P 35>
   After (^Stocks^) that are (^inoculated^) have
made (^one^) or (^two^) years growth, you must
cut off the head of the (^stock^) , that remain'd
above the (^bud^) at your first cutting
it: Cut it close to the new branch,
that it may grow over the cut; let it be
cut a little slope, and (^clay'd^) over, if you
desire the (^branch^) should quickly cover it,
and the sooner it doth the better.
   (^Sect.^) 3. Care must be had in choosing
(^branches^) , or (^shoots^) , from which you are
to have your (^buds^) , that are of strong
growth, the Bark firm, and not spungy;
suffer them to fade as little as may be,
before you use them; and if the fruit you 
design to raise, be at such a distance
that you cannot have (^buds^) to (^inoculate^)
the same day they are cut, put them in
wet (^Moss^) , or (^Grass^) in a Box, and so they
will keep a day and a night very well.
   (^Nectarines, Peaches^) , and (^Apricocks^) , are
seldom raised otherwise than by (^inoculation^) ;
I knew an (^Apricock graffed^) in the
(^cleft^) , as likely as might be to grow, but
failed; I have heard of one (^graffed^) in the
(^bark^) that grew.
   (^Cherries^) and (^Pears^) take very sure, being
on young fresh stocks whose bark
is not thick.
<P 36>
   The (^bark^) of (^Scions^) taken from
some (^Plums^) , is so tender and spungy,
they will often miscarry when (^inoculated^) ;
from such one would choose rather to
raise by Graffing; but most (^Plums^) will
hit very well being inoculated.
   (^Scions^) of (^Apples^) fails for the most part,
their Bark being tender, and (^buds weak^) ;
but to preserve kind of a dying (^Apple-tree^) ,
that I could not well cut a (^Scion^) to
Graff off, I have taken a hungry (^bud^) of
the year foregoing, and it hath taken,
and grown very well. 
   (^Pears^) and (^Apples^) succeed very well
(and the latter best) by taking a (^bud^)
from a shoot of the year foregoing to
inoculate with. The skill in finding (^buds^)
that are fit for it, which must be short
and not likely to make (^buds^) for (^blossoms^)
is the only difficulty. There is a considerable
advantage in it, (^viz.^) Being 
done in (^May^) or the beginning of (^June^) ,
and part of the head of the (^stock^) cut off,
the (^Bud^) of the shoots the same year, and
becomes so strong, that it makes a far
better growth the succeeding year, than
otherwise it would have done; neither
is such (^shoot^) liable to so many hurtful
casualties, as a (^bud^) is before the ensuing
spring. And lastly, if it should miscarry
<P 37>
(as it seldom doth) it will be perceived
by (^Midsummer^) , and the (^stock^) may
be (^enoculated^) again the same year.
   (^Sect.^) 4. Where (^inoculating^) succeeds
well, it is to be prefer'd before Graffing.
   1. Because the (^stock^) will be big enough
to (^inoculate^) sooner by two or
three (^years^) , than to graff, and your 
(^Plant^) groweth much faster, after the Nature
is so altered, than it did before, and 
will be sooner ready to (^Transplant^) , and
if it be suffered to grow (^two^) or (^three^)
years longer, as it must be before it will
be fit to be (^graffed^) .
   2. It makes a (^sounder Tree^) than one that 
is (^graffed^) , especially in the cleft; because
it covereth the (^Stock^) speedily and well.
   3. It (^hurts^) not the (^Stock^) so much as
(^graffing^) ; and if it chance to fail, it may
be (^inoculated^) next (^year^) again, and sometimes
the same (^year^) . 
   4. It's more (^speedy^) , (^easie^) , and (^delightful^)
than (^Graffing^) , and may be practis'd
by (^Gentlemen^) , who in (^June^) may lie on
the ground and do it; whereas they cannot
bear the cold without danger of taing
hurt, in (^February^) , or (^March^) , which
is the chief (^Graffing^) season.
<P 38>
   (^Sect.^) 5. It is debated among (^Planters^)
what (^time^) of the (^day^) is best for (^Inoculating^) :
I have heard an Ingenious person
argue for the morning; because there
passeth up much more (^sap^) , or (^juice^) ,
in the (^day^) time, than in the (^night^) ; as
was observed by him in piercing the
(^Birch tree^) , and other (^Trees^) , to get the
(^liquor^) , that distills out of them, for Physical
uses; and consequently the (^bud inoculated^)
in the morning, must be more
likely to grow, having the whole days
plenty of (^sap^) to invite it to unite with
the (^Stock^) , than if it be (^inoculated^) late in
the day, and so must be discouraged in
its new habitation, by the niggardly
provision of the nights Sap. If you follow
this advice, you had best wrap some
broad (^leaves^) , or (^Fearn^) , about the (^stock^) ,
so as to shade the Scion from the scorching
heat of the day following, to prevent
its drying before the (^Stock^) hath undertaken
the charge of preserving it.
   But this work may be done in the
middle of the day, if the heat be not
(^violent^) , and then you must (as at all
times you ought) be very quick in the 
doing of it.
<P 39>
   And for all that hath been said before,
the afternoon may be as good a time as
any; because if the (^bud^) have less (^liquor^)
afforded it in the night, then the coolness
of that time makes it less thirsty; and
as its thirst encreaseth by the heath of the
next day, a more plentiful stream will
be very seasonable to satisfie it.

[}CHAP. VI.}]

[}OF THE SEVERAL WAYS OF GRAFFING.}]

   (^Sect.^) 1. As there are several ways
(as you have seen) of (^inoculating^) ,
so are there of Graffing, as now I come
to let you see; and the first I shall speak
of is that which is called (^Slicing^) , or (^Packing^) ,
which I shall describe here at large,
and so it will serve in part, as a general
direction for all.
   Cut off the (^top^) of your (^Stock^) in some
smooth straight place; if you do it with
a (^Hand-saw^) , cut it smooth afterward
with your (^Knife^) , leaving the top flat
and even.
<P 40>
   Then prepare your (^Scion^) or (^Graff^) , by
cutting it on one side, from the (^joint^) , or
(^seam^) , (that is, at every years growth)
down slope-wise in the (^old wood^) , till it's
cut quite off, that the slope may be about
an inch long, or something more, observing
its bent, that when the (^Scion^) is
fixed to the (^Stock^) it may stand almost
upright; give a cut then cross through
the (^bark^) at the top of the slope, and then
cut a thin (^chip^) of the (^slope^)  upward to
the (^cross-cut^) , that there may be a (^shoulder^)
to rest on the top of the (^Stock^) , but
cut not this (^shoulder^) too deep, little more
than through the (^bark^) will be enough,
and this will cause a little rising in the 
sloped part, which you must cut down,
that the whole (^slope^) may be plain and
smooth, without dints or risings, and
lie even to the side of the (^Stock^) .
   Cut then the top of the Scion off, close
about a (^bud^) , about four inches above the
(^shoulder^) if it be for a (^standard^) Tree, two
(^buds^) above the clay being full enough;
but for (^Dwarf^) , or (^Wall-trees^) , you may
let the (^Scion^) be six inches long with several
(^buds^) that they may shoot forth many
branches, and spread from the very
Stock.
<P 41>
   The (^Scion^) or (^Graff^) thus prepared; lay
the cut part of the (^Scion^) on the (^West^) , or
(^South-west^) side of the Stock, and so measure
and mark the breadth and length
of it, then cut away so much of the bark
of the stock, as the cut part of the Scion
may fit, drawing your Knife upward;
but as the (^stock^) , is bigger, and the bark
thicker than that on the Scion, so the
(^chip^) must be longer, and broader, or
else the passage for the (^sap^) in the (^stock^)
and Scion, (which is chiefly betwixt the
(^bark^) and the (^wood^) ) will not meet together
(as in the work you will easily see)
which should be aimed at.
   Then lay the cut part of the Scion on
the cut part of the Stock, and bind it
on with course (^Woollen-yarn^) , (^Basses^) , or
the inward peeling of the (^Witch-tree^) ;
if you bind with such a material as will
not be loose, or rotten by Midsummer,
about that time give it a cut cross-wise
with a Knife to set the Prisoners at liberty.
   Have in readiness good (^Clay^) , free from
Stones, mixt with long Hay, and daub it
about the Stock and Scion, a full inch above
and below the head of the Stock,
work it up round the Scion till it be sharp
at the top, that the rain water may run 
<P 42>
down it; and with a Knife or little
(^trowel^) dipt in water smooth over the
clay; in doing this be sure not to displace
the Scion.
   Thus you may Graff (^Pears^) , (^Plums^) ,
(^Cherries^) , and (^Apples^) , if it be before the
(^bark^) of the Stock will part from the wood 
of them, for when it will, the next way
following is better.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 114>
[}CHAP. XII.}]

[}OF THE ANNOYANCES ABOUT FRUIT-TREES, AND OF
SOME MISTAKES IN PLANTING AND ORDERING
THEM.}]

   (^Sect^) 1. The nature of the soil is
the chief cause of (^Moss^) and (^Canker^) ,
and therefore without altering the (^one^)
you can scarce prevent the other; However
you may scrape or with a (^hair-cloth^)
rub the (^moss^) off, after rain, or (as some
say) burn it with a bottle of straw under
the Tree.
   All (^Canker^) , (^filth^) , and (^worms^) must be
picked clean off, and bind some clay well
mixt with (^hay^) about the (^canker'd^) place:
If the Tree grow but poorly, which is
for the most part caused by the ill temper
of the (^soil^) , open the ground about,
the (^roots^) , and put in some (^manure^) proper
to cure it.
   (^Slitting^) the (^bark^) is an excellent additional
help to most of the foresaid evils,
and also for (^bark-binding^) , some advice that
the (^bark^) be cut according to the (^grain^) of
it, as in (^Apple-trees^) , (^Pear-trees^) , &c. (^straight^)
down; in (^Cherries^) , &c. (^round^) about the 
Trees.
<P 115>
   But I have found in the same land,
some kinds of (^Fruit-trees^) very subject to
some of these (^evils^) ; and others prosper
very well; when once you discover this,
(because it's utterly in vain to make
ground and trees, of different (^genius^) agree
together) you must make it your
business by degrees, to change your Trees,
till you have left none against which
your (^soil^) beareth such an implacable hatred,
and furnish it with such as will
flourish, and be fruitful.
   If any of your Trees are (^galled^) , by being
bound to (^stakes^) , or by (^thorns^) , or otherwise,
lay some (^clay^) upon the gall'd place
and wrap (^hay-bands^) about them.
   Big (^Plants^) also, that upon their removal
have had their tops cut off, are apt to
die from the place they were cut off at,
to the next (^sprig^) , or (^branch^) upon them;
these dead parts ought to be cut off close
to the next good (^twig^) or (^shoot^) , and covered
with (^clay^) , as in (^graffing^) , that the head
may be well grown over, by such (^twig^)
or (^shoot^) , and the wet prevented of getting
into the (^pith^) , to damage the Tree.
   (^Sect.^) 2. (^Hares^) and (^Rabbets^) are very
mischievous to (^Nurseries^) , and young
(^Orchards^) , by (^peeling^) off the (^bark^) of the
(^Plants^) : If your fence be a wall, or close 
<P 116>
pale, or water, there's little danger of
them; but because such fences about
(^Orchards^) are rare, and no other can keep
them out, some expedient must be made
use of.
   Some have used (^Hay-ropes^) , bound about
the Tree, from the ground to a
sufficient height; but this were endless
in a (^Nursery^) , it may be done in an (^Orchard^) ;
but there are other ways to be
preferred before it.
   Others therefore (^dawb^) the bodies of
the trees over with (^Tar^) , which being
used alone, endangers the life of very
young (^Plants^) , and extreamly hardens
the (^bark^) , and otherwise hurts them,
which evil is prevented by mixing the
(^Tar^) with any kind of Grease, and boiling
them on a fire, so as both may incorporate,
then with a brush, or little
broom, daub over the body of the Tree,
as high as (^Hare^) or (^Rabbet^) can reach; and
if this be done in (^November^) , it will preserve
the (^Trees^) for that whole year,
with that once doing, it being the (^winter
time^) only that they will feed upon the
(^bark^) .
   Some use Grease alone, and then it
may require to be laid on (^twice^) in a 
Winter.
<P 117>
   Some thin stuff out of a (^House of Office^) ,
or the thick tempered with Water, and
brush'd on once in a Winter hath been
often used with good success. Or the
(^White-wash^) which Plasterers white Houses
with, done once a Year over the Trees
with a Brush, preserves them from (^Hares^) ,
(^Rabbits^) , or (^Deer^) .
   (^Sect.^) 3. If you find (^Pismires^) or (^Ants^)
breed about, or near the (^roots^) of any of
your Trees, cast away the Earth they
lodge in, and supply its place with some
(^stiff clay^) ; if they breed distant in several
places, some direct to daub the Tree about
with (^Tar^) , that their Feet may be
taken in it; but you heard already that's
prejudicial to young Trees; but if they
pester you extreamly, and your Tree be
young, you may bind a single (^list^) , or
(^shread^) of (^Cloth^) about it, and once a week
(when (^Buds^) and (^Blossoms^) are putting
forth, for that is the chief time they
prejudice them) (^daub^) the (^Cloth^) over with
(^Tar^) .
   (^Sect.^) 4. (^Moles^) are to be kill'd, especially 
in Seed-plots and Nurseries; Spring-traps; 
or Box-traps are best to destroy
them, not easily describ'd, but are now
known almost generally.
<P 118>
   I have heard that (^Water Rats^) will spoil
a whole (^Nursery^) , getting through (^Moleholes^) ;
and barking or eating the young
(^Roots^) : I found several Roots so served;
and it being near a (^Fish-pond^) , I suspected
it was done by them; but finding also
a (^Snake^) in a hole among the Roots, I
knew not whether that might not be the
Enemy.
   (^Ests^) , or (as some call them) (^Askers^) ,
are also said to be pernicious to Trees;
but these three last accidents are so rare
and inconsiderable, that it's needless to labour
much about Remedies against them,
only as men find them to destroy them.
   (^Sect.^) 5. The greatest prejudice to (^fruit^) ,
is by (^blastings^) , (^frosts^) immediately succeeding
rain, (^Caterpillars^) , or (^black Flies^) ,
that eat up (^buds^) , (^leaves^) , and (^blossoms^) :
There's one way used to help in all these
cases, for (^Orchard-fruit^) ; but I know not
how it should be useful for any but the
last two, for which I dare commend it.
And that is, that when in the Spring
you perceive these (^Caterpillars^) , or (^Flies^)
appear, make fires of something that
will smoak, so near the (^Orchard^) , and in
such places that the wind may carry the
(^smoak^) as much through the Trees as may 
be. A thing frequently used is (^Hempsheaves^) ,
<P 119>
(as it's called) being the stalk
of the (^Hemp^) , when the (^tow^) is separated
from it, and its certainly very good;
but bad (^Chaff^) ; (^wet straw^) , or (^moldy Hay^) , or
any thing of that nature may serve turn.
   (^Snails^) are pernicious to (^Wall-fruit^) ,
therefore destroy as many of them as
you can, when they are best to be
discovered, which is early in the morning.
   And to preserve your (^Wall-fruit^) from
(^blasting winds^) and (^Frosts^) ; it will be necessary
to cover them in the nights, and
cold days by hanging before them (^Matts^)
or (^Blankets^) : some stick (^branches^) of (^broom^)
before the (^blossoms^) and young tender
(^fruit^) .
   To preserve (^ripe fruit^) from (^birds^) , spread
an old (^Net^) , before the (^Wall-fruit^) , or upon 
the (^Dwarf-trees^) .
   (^Sect.^) 6. I have endeavour'd to direct
the Reader by true Rules, which if observed,
he would not fall into those
vulgar Errors which are frequent in practice;
but because for want of warning, 
some people may continue in them,
thinking they have a further knowledge
or better Judgment, I shall endeavour to
refute those I have most taken notice
off in use.
<P 120>
   1. Some set (^Trees^) too deep, and plead
for it, that otherwise the Tree may be
in danger of dying, if the next Summer
prove very hot: But to prevent
that hazard it's better to raise Earth about
it, and cover it with Dung, Fearn,
or Straw, and in the Summer with the
Grass mowed from Grass-plots, and
set it not too deep whereby the Tree
may put forth its Roots in the upper
Turf, which is generally the best
Land in all Ground. For in some Land
a deep hole will draw in Water in the
Winter, which standing under and about
the Roots, may chill and starve
them; other Lands in the bottom are
(^Rocky^) , have a (^Fox-bent^) , (^Cat-brain^) , or
(^stiff Clay^) , and (^binding Gravel^) , unfit for
Trees to root in, and yet may have
that depth of Earth above it, that some
(^Fruit-trees^) being set light, may prosper
reasonably well.
   2. Others for curiosity use graffing several
kinds of Fruit on one Stock, which
hath often this Evil, that the one kind
(being of swifter growth than the other)
overtops and keeps under its fellow.
But if a Man have a few Trees
in a secure place, he may graff two or
three sorts on one Head of choice Summer
<P 121>
Fruit, whereof he is content with a
little Fruit of each kind of eating only;
and by pruning he may make them grow
somewhat equal.
   3. Some out of curiosity (instead of
(^Clay^) ) when they graff (^Trees^) , cover the
Heads of the Stocks with (^Lime^) mix'd
with Hair; others with (^Bees-wax^) or
some such things compounded; the first
of which groweth so hard that the Stock
cannot grow to cover, nor the (^Scion^) enlarge
it self as it would, and the Lime
kills often Stock and all, as will salt Clay,
such as is used on Drinking-Vessels; the
latter is either melted by the heat of the
Sun in Summer, and runs off the Stock,
and being thin, the heat of the Sun
hardens the Sap which the Stock puts
up to a Crust, that it groweth not to
bark or wood, as it should do; and
if it be compounded of so hard a substance
that it melteth not, it hath the
like effect as the Lime: So that upon
tryal, there is nothing better than good
Clay mix'd with long Hay; and laid on
somewhat thick, for that keeps it from
the heat of the Sun, as well as too much
wet, and with Hay it will keep on much
longer than otherwise.
<P 122>
   4. Many neglect keeping the Heads
of Stocks clay'd after the first time when
they are graffed, but it's very necessary
to do it till the Stock be near covered,
for it hastens it in covering, whereby
the (^Scions^) grow faster, and wet is prevented
from the perishing the Stock.
   5. Another Evil is, when Men set
well grown Trees, that they must cut
off the Head where it may be an inch
over; they consider not to cut it at a
Branch, and so the top often dieth a
little at the Head; whereas if they did
cut it off a little sloap at a Branch or small
Sprig, and put Clay thereon, as in graffing,
that Branch would cover the top,
and keep the Heart sound. If you do
it not at the setting of the Tree, then
the Year after, when it hath put forth
Branches, cut off the top sloap-wise,
where it is alive, at the uppermost Branch
you would preserve, and then clay it:
You will find advantage in the growth
of the top and soundness of the body of
the Tree.
   6. In pruning big Branches of any
Tree, do it in (^March^) , and cut it not
so close to the Body as to hurt it, nor 
yet so long that it be a Stump, but leave
it highest in the middle, for then it will
<P 123>
not have so deep a hole in its growing
to cover, which otherwise it's apt
to have, and to hold the wet. This pruning
can be no ways so well done as 
with such a broad Chissel as I have described.
   7. The first Summer after you have
set a Tree, some let Shoots grow out
near the Butt, and in several places on
the Body, though so low that they never
intend they shall continue. These
had best be cut off at the first springing
out, that they rob not the top of
Sap.
   If you have any high Standards,
such as are proper to be planted in
Fields, or Forest Trees in Avenues, it
will be necessary to have such another
Chissel; but instead of an Iron handle let
it be made with a Socket, which fix
on a Staff about two or three yards long,
and let it have Edges likewise on the
lower part on each side the Socket;
with this you may, as you walk about
your Trees, cut off such young Shoots
as grow out of the hands reach, and yet
such as you would not have continue,
first cutting them upwards, and then
with the other Edge cutting downwards
the little Tippet left on the upper
<P 124>
side, that it be smooth, and even to
the Body.
   8. I have known some Country Gardiners
in pruning Wall-Fruit-trees yearly
cut off the young Shoots or Branches
that grew side-ward, as well as outward,
from the Elder-wood, and leave the
Wall almost bare; whereas it's those
young Shoots chiefly that bear Fruit
the Year following: And therefore the 
better to inform the Reader in Pruning,
it will be necessary to shew what Years
Branches bear Fruit in each kind, or in
the most common sort of Fruit-trees.
   1. (^Vines^) and (^Shrubs^) , as (^Gooseberries^) ,
(^Currans^) , &c. bear Fruit for the most
part on the Branches they put forth
the same Year, so that in pruning these
you may cut off much of the (^Shoots^) of
the foregoing Year, and old (^Wood^) , as
you see occasion, and there will be the
more Sap to put forth fresh ones the Year
after, provided you leave plenty of
Buds for them to put forth at, and
with this Caution, that such as grow very
luxurious in Wood are not apt to bear,
and there the more you cut off, the
more they will run into the same Evil.
<P 125>
   2. (^Stone Fruit-trees^) , generally bear
on the (^Branches^) of the foregoing Year,
therefore leave a sufficient number of
them.
   3. (^Apple^) and (^Pear-trees^) bear Fruit on
the (^Branches^) that are of two years growth
before the bearing year.
   And thus you shall find it for the most
part; and although (^Fruit^) may often in
all these sorts seem to be on older Wood
than I mention, yet if you search into
it you will find (where it seems so)
that it grows on some sort short Stalk put
forth as near (as can be judged) as I
have set it down.
   You will therefore find it often necessary
to practice the direction formerly
given in this Book of taking off some of
the old Wood of Trees, (^Chap. 8. Sect. 7.^)
And when your Trees are young let 
them not fill the Wall so thick as many
Trees are apt to do, otherwise you 
will find many will not bear well young,
and when they grow bigger you must
cut them thinner, which will be worse
for the Tree.
   Another Evil is common in suffering
too much Fruit to grow upon Trees
(especially Wall-Trees) wherefore if it
be so, pluck off some where they stand
<P 126>
in Clusters, Green (^Apricocks^) will serve
for Tarts. 
   These foregoing Observations may
seem trivial and of small concern; but
you will find a due observation of them
will conduce much to the health and
welfare of your Trees and Fruit.

[}CHAP. XIII.}]

[}SOME PARTICULAR RULES ABOUT SOME
KINDS OF FRUIT-TREES BESIDES THE
GENERAL RULES ALREADY MENTIONED.}]

   (^Sect.^) 1. (^Grapes^) seldom or never ripen
well in this (^Isle.^) without help
of Art and Industry, to which purpose
take these directions.
   1. To (^plant^) such as ripen soonest in
the Year, that they may have as much of
the (^summer^) heat at (^ripening time^) as may
be.
   2. Let the Wall you plant them against
be a full (^South^) , or but a little inclining
to the (^East^) ; or if you have a (^half-round^) , 
or corner in a Wall, or the back of
<P 127>
a brick Chimney, make use of such places
for them.
   (^Vines^) will prosper well against a high
Wall, yet that is not altogether so necessary
but that low Walls may serve turn,
and the higher may be reserved for such
(^Fruit-trees^) as will not do well without
them: That of a (^Tarras-walk^) may do
well for (^Vines^) , and the (^Gravel-walk^) under
the (^Wall^) will mightily encrease the
heat about them.
   If you plant any (^Trees^) against your
(^Dwelling-house wall^) , there may be some
narrow places between two Windows,
or the like, where other (^Fruit-trees^) have
not room to spread: A Vine may grow
up there, and above those narrow places
enlarge it self where ever it meets with
room.
   You may also plant a (^Vine^) betwixt every
(^fruit-tree^) that groweth against your
(^hottest walls^) , and let it spread a little in
the (^Summer^) time into the (^Fruit-trees^) on
either side especially if the (^fruit^) of such
Trees use to be early ripe, or that they
bear little Fruit, or have not been so
long set as to have covered the Wall.
And though such (^Vines^) cannot extend
themselves to that bigness, as those
planted where they have more room;
<P 128>
yet by this means you will make advantage
of such portions of your Wall, 
as otherwise you could have had little benefit 
from.
   (^Sect.^) 2. The best ground for them is
that which is (^rich^) and (^dry^) , inclinable to
(^stony^) or (^gravel^) , so it bind not; the best
Dung to fatten the Earth they grow in is
Horse or Sheeps-dung: Make bare the
(^Roots^) in the beginning of Winter, and
throw in plenty of the same Dung most
Winters.
   The best way of propagating of them
is, in (^November^) to lay a Branch of that
Years growth into the Earth, under the
old Tree, without cutting it off, lay as
many (^joynts^) or (^buds^) in the Farth as you
can, leaving but one or two out; for it
puts forth its (^roots^) chiefly at the (^joynts^)
at a Years end, or in the (^February come
twelve month^) , cut it off from the old
one, and plant it where you design it
should grow; lay it in the Earth in the
same posture it lay in before, and also
lay some of the (^Buds^) of the (^new wood^) ,
that grew out since it was first laid down,
that it may gain the more (^Roots^) , leaving
out of the ground again not above one
or (^two buds^) .
<P 129>
   You may chance to have Suckers
of an old Vine which will be sure to
grow.
   Or you may take (^Cuttings^) of (^Vine-branches^)
of that Years growth, and set
them in good (^warm loose^) Land, and many
will grow; if it be in the place you intend
they shall always stand in, next
(^year^) lay down a part of that which hath
grown out, to root also, or else upon
removal lay in the new growth all but
a (^bud^) or two, with that part which is already
rooted: If it have made but small
growth the first (^year^) , lay part of the
second (^years^) growth in the ground, it
will more advantage them by helping
them to good (^roots^) , than the loss of a
(^year^) or two's growth in the top will amount
to.
   If you have an old (^Vine^) , that beareth
not well, lay down in (^February^) , or 
(^March^) some of the strongest (^branches^) of
the foregoing (^year^) , (that grow low) in
the (^mold^) under the old Tree, without
cutting them off, leaving out of the
ground a (^bud^) or two to grow, and your
(^wall^) will quickly be furnished with new,
and fresh (^branches^) ; so that by degrees
you may cut off many of the old (^branches^)
of the Vine; for though one Vine may 
<P 130>
cover abundance of walling, yet three or
four (^roots^) in that compass will strengthen
it the more to bear.



<B CESCIE3A>
<Q E3 EX SCIO HOOKE>
<N MICROGRAPHIA>
<A HOOKE ROBERT>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HOOKE, ROBERT.
TEXT:  MICROGRAPHIA, 1665.
EARLY SCIENCE IN OXFORD, VOL. XIII: THE LIFE
AND WORK OF ROBERT HOOKE, PART V.
ED. R. T. GUNTHER (FACSIMILE).
LONDON: DAWSONS OF PALL MALL, 1968 (1938).
PP. 44.17  - 47.30       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 112.34 - 116.35      (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 210.15 - 213.29      (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 13.5,44>
[}OBSERV. VIII.  OF THE FIERY SPARKS STRUCK FROM A FLINT OR 
STEEL.}] 

   It is a very common Experiment, by striking with a Flint     #
against a 
Steel, to make certain fiery and shining Sparks to fly out      #
from between 
those two compressing Bodies. About eight years since, upon     #
casually 
reading the Explication of this odd (^Phaenomenon^) , by the    #
most Ingenious
(^Des Cartes^) , I had a great desire to be satisfied, what     #
that Substance was 
that gave such a shining and bright Light: And to that end I    #
spread a 
sheet of white Paper, and on it, observing the place where      #
several of these 
Sparks seemed to vanish, I found certain very small, black,     #
but glistering 
Spots of a movable Substance, each of which examining with my   #
(^Miscrocope^) , 
I found to be a small round (^Globule^) ; some of which, as     #
they looked 
prety small, so did they from their Surface yield a very        #
bright and strong 
reflection on that side which was next the Light; and each      #
look'd almost 
like a prety bright Iron-Ball, whose Surface was prety          #
regular, such as is 
represented by the Figure A. In this I could perceive the       #
Image of the 
Window prety well, or of a Stick, which I moved up and down     #
between 
the Light and it. Others I found, which were, as to the bulk    #
of the Ball, 
prety regularly round, but the Surface of them, as it was not   #
very smooth, 
but rough, and more irregular, so was the reflection from it    #
more faint and 
confused. Such were the Surfaces of B.C.D. and E. Some of       #
these I 
found cleft or cracked, as C, others quite broken in two and    #
hollow, as 
D. which seemed to be half the hollow shell of a Granado,       #
broken irregularly 
in pieces. Several others I found of other shapes; but that 
which is represented by E, I observed to be a very big Spark    #
of Fire, 
which went out upon one side of the Flint that I struck fire    #
withall, to 
<P 13.5,45>
which it stuck by the root F, at the end of which small Stem    #
was fastened-on 
a (^Hemisphere^) , or half a hollow Ball, with the mouth of it  #
open from 
the stemwards, so that it looked much like a Funnel, or an old  #
fashioned 
Bowl without a foot. This night, making many tryals and         #
observations 
of this Experiment, I met, among a multitude of the Globular    #
ones which 
I had observed, a couple of Instances, which are very           #
remarkable to the 
confirmation of my (^Hypothesis^) .  
   And the First was of a pretty big Ball fastened on to the    #
end of a small 
sliver of Iron, which (\Compositum\) seemed to be nothing else  #
but a long thin 
chip of Iron, one of whose ends was melted into a small round   #
Globul; the 
other end remaining unmelted and irregular, and perfectly       #
Iron.   
   The Second Instance was not less remarkable then the First;  #
for I 
found, when a Spark went out, nothing but a very small thin     #
long sliver 
of Iron or Steel, unmelted at either end. So that it seems,     #
that some of 
these Sparks are the slivers or chips of the Iron               #
(^vitrified^) , Others are only 
the slivers melted into Balls without vitrification, And the    #
third kind 
are only small slivers of the Iron, made red-hot with the       #
violence of the 
stroke given on the Steel by the Flint.  
   He that shall diligently examine the (^Phaenomena^) of this  #
Experiment, 
will, I doubt not, find cause to believe, that the reason I     #
have heretofore 
given of it, is the true and genuine cause of it, namely, That  #
(^the Spark 
appearing so bright in the falling, is nothing else but a       #
small piece of the Steel 
or Flint, but most commonly of the Steel, which by the          #
violence of the stroke 
is at the same time sever'd and heatt red-hot, and that         #
sometimes to such a 
degree, as to make it melt together into a small Globule of     #
steel; and sometimes
also is that heat so very intense, as further to melt it and    #
vitrifie it; but
many times the heat is so gentle, as to be able to make the     #
sliver only red hot,
which notwithstanding falling upon the tinder^) (that is only   #
a very curious 
small Coal made of the small threads of Linnen burnt to coals   #
and 
char'd) (^it easily sets it on fire^) . Nor will any part of    #
this (^Hypothesis^) seem 
strange to him that considers, First, that either hammering,    #
or filing, or 
otherwise violently rubbing of Steel, will presently make it    #
so hot as to 
be able to burn ones fingers. Next, that the whole force of     #
the stroke 
is exerted upon that small part where the Flint and Steel       #
first touch: For 
the Bodies being each of them so very hard, the puls cannot be  #
far communicated,
that is, the parts of each can yield but very little, and       #
therefore
the violence of the concussion will be (^exerted^) on that      #
piece of Steel 
which is cut off by the Flint. Thirdly, that the filings or     #
small parts of 
Steel are very apt, as it were, to take fire, and are           #
presently red hot, that 
is, there seems to be a very (^combustible sulphureous^) Body   #
in Iron or Steel, 
which the Air very readily preys upon, as soon as the body is   #
a little violently 
heated.   
   And this is obvious in the filings of Steel or Iron cast     #
through the flame 
of a Candle ; for even by that sudden (\transitus\) of the      #
small chips of Iron, 
they are heat red hot, and that (^combustible sulphureous^)     #
Body is presently 
prey'd upon and devoured by the (^aereal^) incompassing         #
(^Menstruum^) , 
whose office in this Particular I have shewn in the             #
Explication of 
Charcole.   
<P 13.5,46>
   And in prosecution of this Experiment, having taken the      #
filings of Iron 
and Steel, and with the point of a Knife cast them through the  #
flame of a 
Candle, I observed where some conspicuous shining Particles     #
fell, and 
looking on them with my (^Microscope^) , I found them to be     #
nothing else 
but such round Globules, as I formerly found the Sparks struck  #
from the 
Steel by a stroke to be, only a little bigger; and shaking      #
together all the 
filings that had fallen upon the sheet of Paper underneath,     #
and observing 
them with the (^Microscope^) , I found a great number of small  #
Globules, such 
as the former, though there were also many of the parts that    #
had remained 
untoucht, and rough filings or chips of Iron.  So that, it      #
seems, Iron 
does contain a very (^combustible sulphureous^) Body, which     #
is, in all likelihood, 
one of the causes of this (^Phaenomenon^) , and which may be    #
perhaps 
very much concerned in the business of its hardening and        #
tempering: of 
which somewhat is said in the Description of                    #
(^Muscovy-glass^) .   
   So that, these things considered, we need not trouble our    #
selves to find 
out what kind of Pores they are, both in the Flint and Steel,   #
that contain 
the (^Atoms of fire^) , nor how those (^Atoms^) come to be      #
hindred from running 
all out, when a dore or passage in their Pores is made by the   #
concussion:  
nor need we trouble our selves to examine by what               #
(^Prometheus^) 
the Element of Fire comes to be fetcht down from above the      #
Regions of 
the Air, in what Cells or Boxes it is kept, and what            #
(^Epimetheus^) lets it go:  
Nor to consider what it is that causes so great a conflux of    #
the atomical 
Particles of Fire, which are said to fly to a flaming Body,     #
like Vultures or 
Eagles to a putrifying Carcass, and there to make a very great  #
pudder.  
Since we have nothing more difficult in this (^Hypothesis^) to  #
conceive, first, 
as to the kindling of Tinder, then how a large Iron-bullet,     #
let fall red or 
glowing hot upon a heap of Small-coal, should set fire to       #
those that are 
next to it first: Nor secondly, is this last more difficult to  #
be explicated, 
then that a Body, as Silver for Instance, put into a weak       #
(^Menstruum^) , as  
unrectified Aqua fortis should, when it is put in a great heat, #
be there 
dissolved by it, and not before; which (^Hypothesis^) is more   #
largely explicated 
in the Description of Charcoal. To conclude, we see by this     #
Instance, 
how much Experiments may conduce to the regulating of           #
(^Philosophical 
notions^) . For if the most Acute (^Des Cartes^) had applied    #
himself 
experimentally to have examined what substance it was that      #
caused that 
shining of the falling Sparks struck from a Flint and a Steel,  #
he would 
certainly have a little altered his (^Hypothesis^) , and we     #
should have found, 
that his Ingenious Principles would have admitted a very        #
plausible Explication 
of this (^Phaenomenon^) ; whereas by not examining so far as    #
he 
might, he has set down an Explication which Experiment do's 
contradict.  
   But before I leave this Description, I must not forget to    #
take notice of 
the Globural form into which each of these is most curiously    #
formed.  
And this (^Phaenomenon^) , as I have elsewhere more largely     #
shewn, proceeds 
from a propriety which belongs to all kinds of fluid Bodies     #
more or 
less, and is caused by the Incongruity of the Ambient and       #
included Fluid, 
which so acts and modulates each other, that they acquire, as   #
neer as is 
<P 13.5,47>
possible, a (^sperical^) or (^globular^) form, which propriety  #
and several of the 
(^Phaenomena^) that proceed from it, I have more fully          #
explicated in the sixth 
Observation.  
   One Experiment, which does very much illustrate my present   #
Explication, 
and is in it self exceeding pretty, I must not pass by: And     #
that is a 
way of making small (^Globules^) or (^Balls^) of Lead, or Tin,  #
as small almost as 
these of Iron or Steel, and that exceeding easily and quickly,  #
by turning 
the filings or chips of those Metals also into perfectly round  #
Globules.  
The way, in short, as I received it from the (^Learned          #
Physitian Doctor^) I.G. 
is this;   
   Reduce the Metal you would thus shape, into exceeding fine   #
filings, 
the finer the filings are, the finer will the Balls be:         #
(^Stratifie^) these filings 
with the fine and well dryed powder of quick Lime in a          #
(^Crucible^) proportioned 
to the quantity you intend to make: When you have thus filled 
your (^Crucible^) , by continual (^stratifications^) of the     #
filings and powder, so 
that, as neer as may be, no one of the filings may touch        #
another, place the 
(^Crucible^) in a (^gradual fire^) , and by degrees let it be   #
brought to a heat big 
enough to make all the filings, that are mixt with the quick    #
Lime, to melt, 
and no more; for if the fire be too hot, many of these filings  #
will joyn 
and run together; whereas if the heat be proportioned, upon     #
washing 
the Lime-dust in fair Water, all those small  filings of the    #
Metal will subside 
to the bottom in a most curious powder, consisting all of       #
exactly 
round (^Globules^) , which if it be very fine, is very          #
excellent to make Hour-glasses 
of.  
   Now though quick Lime be the powder that this direction      #
makes 
choice of, yet I doubt not, but that there may be much more     #
convenient 
ones found out, one of which I have made tryal of, and found    #
very effectual;  
and were it not for discovering, by the mentioning of it,       #
another 
Secret, which I am not free to impart, I should have here       #
inserted 
it. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 13.5,112>
[}OBSERV. XVIII. OF THE SCHEMATISME OR TEXTURE OF CORK, AND 
OF THE CELLS AND PORES OF SOME OTHER SUCH FROTHY BODIES.}]

   I took a good clear piece of Cork, and with a Pen-knife      #
sharpen'd as 
keen as a Razor, I cut a piece of it off, and thereby left the  #
surface of 
it exceeding smooth, then examining it very diligently with a   #
(^Microscope^) ,
me thought I could perceive it to appear a little porous; but   #
I 
could not so plainly distinguish them, as to be sure that they  #
were pores, 
much less what Figure they were of: But judging from the        #
lightness and 
yielding quality of the Cork, that certainly the texture could  #
not be so 
<P 13.5,113>
curious, but that possibly, if I could use some further         #
diligence, I might 
find it to be discernable with a (^Microscope^) , I with the    #
same sharp Pen-knife, 
cut off from the former smooth surface an exceeding thin piece  #
of 
it, and placing it on a black object Plate, because it was it   #
self a white 
body, and casting the light on it with a deep (^plano-convex    #
Glass^) , I could 
exceeding plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous,  #
much like 
a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular; yet    #
it was not 
unlike a Honey-comb in these particulars.  
   First, in that it had a very little solid substance, in      #
comparison of the 
empty cavity that was contain'd between, as does more           #
manifestly appear 
by the Figure A and B of the XI. (^Scheme^) , for the           #
(\Interstitia\) , or walls 
(as I may so call them) or partitions of those pores were neer  #
as thin in 
proportion to their pores, as those thin films of Wax in a      #
Honey-comb 
(which enclose and constitute the (^sexangular cells^) ) are    #
to theirs.  
   Next, in that these pores, or cells, were not very deep,     #
but consisted 
of a great many little Boxes, separated out of one continued    #
long pore, 
by certain (^Diaphragms^) , as is visible by the Figure B,      #
which represents a 
sight of those pores split the long-ways.  
   I no sooner discern'd these (which were indeed the first     #
(^microscopical^) 
pores I ever saw, and perhaps, that were ever seen, for I had   #
not met with 
any Writer or Person, that had made any mention of them before  #
this) 
but me thought I had with the discovery of them, presently      #
hinted to me 
the true and intelligible reason of all the (^Phaenomena^) of   #
Cork; As,  
   First, if I enquir'd why it was so exceeding light a body?   #
my (^Microscope^) 
could presently inform me that here was the same reason         #
evident that 
there is found for the lightness of froth, an empty             #
Honey-comb, Wool, 
a Spunge, a Pumice-stone, or the like; namely, a very small     #
quantity of a 
solid body, extended into exceeding large dimensions.  
   Next, it seem'd nothing more difficult to give an            #
intelligible reason, 
why Cork is a body so very unapt to suck and drink in Water,    #
and consequently 
preserves it self, floating on the top of Water, though left    #
on it
never so long: and why it is able to stop and hold air in a     #
Bottle, though 
it be there very much condens'd and consequently presses very   #
strongly 
to get a passage out, without suffering the least bubble to     #
pass through 
its substance. For, as to the first, since our (^Microscope^)   #
informs us that the 
substance of Cork is altogether fill'd with Air, and that that  #
Air is perfectly 
enclosed in little Boxes or Cells distinct from one another. It #
seems 
very plain, why neither the Water, nor any other Air can        #
easily insinuate 
it self into them, since there is already within them an        #
(\intus existens\) , 
and consequently, why the pieces of Cork become so good floats  #
for 
Nets, and stopples for Viols, or other close Vessels.   
   And thirdly, if we enquire why Cork has such a springiness   #
and swelling 
nature whem compress'd? and how it comes to suffer so great a   #
compression, 
or seeming penetration of dimensions, so as to be made a        #
substance 
as heavie again and more, bulk for bulk, as it was before       #
compression, 
and yet suffer'd to return, is found to extend it self again    #
into the 
same space? Our (^Microscope^) will easily inform us, that the  #
whole mass 
<P 13.5,114>
consists of an infinite company of small Boxes or Bladders of   #
Air, which 
is a substance of a springy nature, and that will suffer a      #
considerable condensation 
(as I have several times found by divers trials, by which I     #
have 
most evidently condens'd it into less then a twentieth part of  #
its usual dimensions 
neer the Earth, and that with no other strength then that of    #
my 
hands without any kind of forcing Engine, such as Racks,        #
Leavers, Wheels,
Pullies, or the like, but this onely by and by) and besides,    #
it seems very 
probable that those very films or sides of the pores, have in   #
them a springing 
quality, as almost all other kind of Vegetable substances       #
have, so as 
to help to restore themselves to their former position.   
   And could we so easily and certainly discover the            #
(^Schematisme^) and 
(^Texture^) even of these films,and of several other bodies,    #
as we can these of 
Cork; there seems no probable reason to the contrary, but that  #
we might 
as readily render the true reason of all their                  #
(^Phaenomena^) , as namely, what 
were the cause of the springiness, and toughness of some, both  #
as to their 
flexibility and restitution. What, of the friability or         #
brittleness of some 
others, and the like; but till such time as our                 #
(^Microscope^) , or some other 
means, enable us to discover the true (^Schematism^) and        #
(^Texture^) of all kinds 
of bodies, we must grope, as it were, in the dark, and onely    #
ghess at the 
true reasons of things by similitudes and comparisons.   
   But, to return to our Observation. I told several lines of   #
these 
pores, and found that there were usually about threescore of    #
these small 
Cells placed end-ways in the eighteenth part of an Inch in      #
length, whence 
I concluded there must be neer eleven hundred of them, or       #
somewhat 
more then a thousand in the length of an Inch, and therefore    #
in a square 
Inch above a Million, or 1166400. and in a Cubick Inch, above   #
twelve 
hundred Millions, or 1259712000. a thing almost incredible,     #
did not our 
(^Microscope^) assure us of it by ocular demonstration; nay,    #
did it not discover 
to us the pores of a body, which were they (^diaphragm'd^) ,    #
like those of 
Cork, would afford us in one Cubick Inch, more then ten times   #
as many 
little Cells, as is evident in several charr'd Vegetables; so   #
prodigiously 
curious are the works of Nature, that even these conspicuous    #
pores of 
bodies, which seem to be the channels or pipes through which    #
the (\Succus [^SOURCE TEXT: suceus^]
nutritius\) , or natural juices of Vegetables are convey'd,     #
and seem to correspond 
to the veins, arteries and other Vessels in sensible            #
creatures, that 
these pores I say, which seem to be the Vessels of nutrition    #
to the vastest 
body in the World, are yet so exceeding small, that the         #
(^Atoms^) which (^Epicurus^) 
fancy'd would go neer to prove too bigg to enter them, much     #
more 
to constitute a fluid body in them. And how infinitely smaller  #
then must be 
the Vessels of a Mite, or the pores of one of those little      #
Vegetables I have 
discovered to grow on the back-side of a Rose-leaf, and shall   #
anon more 
fully describe, whose bulk is many millions of times less then  #
the bulk of 
the small shrub it grows on; and even that shrub, many          #
millions of times 
less in bulk then several trees (that have heretofore grown in  #
(^England^) , 
and are this day flourishing in other hotter Climates, as we    #
are very credibly 
inform'd) if at least the pores of this small Vegetable should  #
keep 
any such proportion to the body of it, as we have found these   #
pores 
<P 13.5,115>
of other Vegetables to do to their bulk.  But of these pores I  #
have said 
more elsewhere.  
   To proceed then, Cork seems to be by the transverse          #
constitution of 
the pores, a kind of (\Fungus\) or Mushrome, for the pores lie  #
like so many 
Rays tending from the center, or pith of the tree, outwards;    #
so that if 
you cut off a piece from a board of Cork transversly, to the    #
flat of it, 
you will, as it were, split the pores, and they will appear     #
just as they are 
express'd in the Figure B of the XI. (^Scheme^) . But if you    #
shave off a 
very thin piece from this board, parallel to the plain of it,   #
you will cut 
all the pores transversly, and they will appear almost as they  #
are express'd 
in the Figure A, save onely the solid (\Interstitia\) will not  #
appear so thick 
as they are there represented.  
   So that Cork seems to suck its nourishment from the          #
subjacent bark of 
the Tree immediately, and to be a kind of excrescence, or a     #
substance 
distinct from the substances of the entire Tree, something      #
(^analogus^) to 
the Mushrome, or Moss on other Trees, or to the hairs on        #
Animals. And 
having enquir'd into the History of Cork, I find it reckoned    #
as an 
excrescency of the bark of a certain Tree, which is distinct    #
from the two 
barks that lie within it, which are common also to other        #
trees; That 'tis 
some time before the Cork that covers the young and tender      #
sprouts 
comes to be discernable; That it cracks, flaws, and cleaves     #
into many great 
chaps, the bark underneath remaining entire; That it may be     #
separated 
and remov'd from the Tree, and yet the two under-barks (such    #
as are 
also common to that with other Trees) not at all injur'd, but   #
rather 
helped and freed from an external injury. Thus (^Ionstonus^)    #
in (^Dendrologia^) , 
speaking (\de Subere\) , says, (\Arbor est procera, Lignum est  #
robustum, dempto 
cortice in aquis non fluitat, Cortice in orbem detracto         #
juvatur, crascescens 
enim praestringit & strangulat, intra triennium iterum          #
repletur: Caudex ubi 
adolescit crassus, cortex superior densus carnosus, duos        #
digitos crassus, scaber, 
rimosus, & qui nisi detrahatur dehiscit, alioque subnascente    #
expellitur, interior 
qui subest novellus ita rubet ut arbor minio picta              #
videatur\) . Which 
Histories, if well consider'd, and the tree, substance, and     #
manner of growing, 
if well examin'd, would, I am very apt to believe, much         #
confirm this 
my conjecture about the origination of Cork.  
   Nor is this kind of Texture peculiar to Cork onely; for      #
upon examination 
with my (^Microscope^) , I have found that the pith of an       #
Elder, or almost 
any other Tree, the inner pulp or pith of the Cany hollow       #
stalks of 
several other Vegetables: as of Fennel, Carrets, Daucus,        #
Bur-docks, 
Teafels, Fearn, some kinds of Reeds, &c. have much such a kind  #
of 
(^Schematisme^) , as I have lately shewn that of Cork, save     #
onely that here 
the pores are rang'd the long-ways, or the same ways with the   #
length of 
the Cane, whereas in Cork they are transverse.  
   The pith also that fills that part of the stalk of a         #
Feather that is above 
the Quil, has much such a kind of texture, save onely that      #
which way soever 
I set this light substance, the pores seem'd to be cut          #
transversly; so 
that I ghess this pith which fills the Feather, not to consist  #
of abundance 
of long pores separated with Diaphragms, as Cork does, but to   #
be a kind 
<P 13.5,116>
of solid or hardned froth,or a (^congeries^) of very small      #
bubbles consolidated 
in that form, into a pretty stiff as well as tough concrete,    #
and that each Cavern, 
Bubble, or Cell, is distinctly separate from any of the rest,   #
without 
any kind of hole in the encompassing films, so that I could no  #
more blow 
through a piece of this kinde of substance, then I could        #
through a piece of 
Cork, or the sound pith of an Elder.  
   But though I could not with my (^Microscope^) , nor with my  #
breath, nor 
any other way I have yet try'd, discover a passage out of one   #
of those 
cavities into another, yet I cannot thence conclude, that       #
therefore there 
are none such, by which the (\Succus nutritius\) , or           #
appropriate juices of Vegetables, 
may pass through them; for, in several of those Vegetables, 
whil'st green, I have with my (^Microscope^) , plainly enough   #
discover'd these 
Cells or Poles fill'd with juices, and by degrees sweating      #
them out: as I 
have also observed in green Wood all those long                 #
(^Microscopical^) pores 
which appear in Charcoal perfectly empty of any thing but Air.  
   Now, though I have with great diligence endeavoured to find  #
whether 
there be any such thing in those (^Microscopical^) pores of     #
Wood or 
Piths, as the (^Valves^) in the heart, veins, and other         #
passages of Animals, that 
open, and give passage to the contain'd fluid juices one way,   #
and shut 
themselves, and impede the passage of such liquors back         #
again, yet have I 
not hitherto been able to say any thing positive in it;         #
though, me thinks, 
it seems very probable, that Nature has in these passages, as   #
well as in those 
of Animal bodies, very many appropriated Instruments and        #
contrivances, 
whereby to bring her designs and end to pass, which 'tis not    #
improbable, 
but that some diligent Observer, if help'd with better          #
(^Microscopes^) , may 
in time detect.  
   And that this may be so, seems with great probability to be  #
argued 
from the strange (^Phaenomena^) of sensitive Plants, wherein    #
Nature seems 
to perform several Animal actions with the same (^Schematism^)  #
or (^Orginization^) 
that is common to all Vegetables, as may appear by some no      #
less 
instructive then curious Observations that were made by divers  #
Eminent 
Members of the (^Royal Society^) on some of these kind of       #
Plants, whereof 
an account was delivered in to them by the most Ingenious and   #
Excellent 
(^Physician^) , Doctor (^Clark^) , which, having that liberty   #
granted me by 
that most Illustrious Society, I have hereunto adjoyn'd.  

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 13.5,210>
[}OBSERV. LIII. OF A FLEA.}]

   The strength and beauty of this small creature, had it no    #
other relation
at all to man, would deserve a description.
For its strength, the (^Microscope^) is able to make no         #
greater discoveries
of it then the naked eye, but onely the curious contrivance of  #
its leggs
and joints, for the exerting that strength, is very plainly     #
manifested, such
as no other creature, I have yet observ'd, has any thing like   #
it; for the
joints of it are so adapted, that he can, as 'twere, fold them  #
short one within
another, and suddenly stretch, or spring them out to their      #
whole length,
that is, of the fore-leggs, the part A, of the 34.              #
(^Scheme^) , lies within B,
and B within C, parallel to, or side by side each other; but    #
the parts
of the two next, lie quite contrary, that is, D without E, and  #
E without
F, but parallel also; but the parts of the hinder leggs, G, H   #
and I,
bend one within another, like the parts of a double jointed     #
Ruler, or 
like the foot, legg and thigh of a man; These six leggs he      #
clitches up altogether,
and when he leaps, springs them all out, and thereby exerts
his whole strength at once.
   But, as for the beauty of it, the (^Microscope^) manifests   #
it to be all over
adorn'd with a curiously polish'd suit of (^sable^) Armour,     #
neatly jointed,
and beset with multitudes of sharp pinns, shap'd almost like    #
Porcupine's
Quills, or bright conical Steel-bodkins; the head is on either  #
side beautify'd
with a quick and round black eye K, behind each of which also
appears a small cavity, L, in which he seems to move to and     #
fro a certain
thin film beset with many small transparent hairs, which        #
probably may
be his ears; in the forepart of his head, between the two       #
fore-leggs, he
has two small long jointed feelers, or rather smellers, M M,    #
which have
four joints, and are hairy, like those of several other         #
creatures; between
these, it has a small (\proboscis\) , or (^probe^) , N N O,     #
that seems to consist of a
<P 13.5,211>
tube N N, and a tongue or sucker O, which I have perceiv'd him  #
to slip
in and out. Besides these, it has also two chaps or biters P    #
P, which are
somewhat like those of an Ant, but I could not perceive them    #
tooth'd;
these were shap'd very like the blades of a pair of round       #
top'd Scizers,
and were opened and shut just after the same manner; with       #
these Instruments
does this little busie Creature bite and pierce the skin, and   #
suck
out the blood of an Animal, leaving the skin inflamed with a    #
small round
red spot. These parts are very difficult to be discovered,      #
because, for
the most part, they lye covered between the fore-legs. There    #
are many 
other particulars, which, being more obvious, and affording no  #
great
matter of information, I shall pass by, and refer the Reader    #
to the 
Figure.

[}OBSERV. LIV. OF A LOUSE.}]

   This is a Creature so officious, that 'twill be known to     #
every one at
one time or other, so busie, and so impudent, that it will be   #
intruding
it self in every ones company, and so proud and aspiring        #
withall,
that it fears not to trample on the best, and affects nothing   #
so much as a
Crown; feeds and lives very high, and that makes it so saucy,   #
as to pull 
any one by the ears that comes in its way, and will never be    #
quiet till it
has drawn blood: it is troubled at nothing so much as at a man  #
that
scratches his head, as knowing that man is plotting and         #
contriving some
mischief against it, and that makes it oftentime sculk into     #
some meaner
and lower place, and run behind a mans back, though it go very  #
much
against the hair; which ill conditions of it having made it     #
better known
then trusted, would exempt me from making any further           #
description of
it, did not my faithful (^Mercury^) , my (^Microscope^) ,       #
bring me other information
of it. For this has discovered to me, by means of a very bright
light cast on it, that it is a Creature of a very odd shape;    #
it has a head
shap'd like that exprest in 35. (^Scheme^) marked with A,       #
which seems almost
Conical, but is a little flatted on the upper and under sides,  #
at the
biggest part of which, on either side behind the head (as it    #
were, being
the place where other Creatures ears stand) are placed its two  #
black
shining goggle eyes B B, looking backwards, and fenced round    #
with several
small (^cilia^) or hairs that incompass it, so that it seems    #
this Creature
has no very good foresight: It does not seem to have any        #
eye-lids, and
therefore perhaps its eyes were so placed, that it might the    #
better cleanse
them with its fore-legs; and perhaps this may be the reason,    #
why they
so much avoid and run from the light behind them, for being     #
made to
live in the shady and dark recesses of the hair, and thence     #
probably their
eye having a great aperture, the open and clear light,          #
especially that
of the Sun, must needs very much offend them; to secure these   #
eyes
from receiving any injury from the hairs through which it       #
passes, it has
<P 13.5,212>
two horns that grow before it, in the place where one would     #
have
thought the eyes should be; each of these C C hath four         #
joynts, which
are fringed, as 'twere, with small brisles, from which to the   #
tip of its
snout D, the head seems very round and tapering, ending in a    #
very
sharp nose D, which seems to have a small hole, and to be the   #
passage
through which he sucks the blood. Now whereas if it be plac'd   #
on its
back, with its belly upwards, as it is in the 35. (^Scheme^) ,  #
it seems in several 
Positions to have a resemblance of chaps, or jaws, as is        #
represented
in the Figure by E E, yet in other postures those dark strokes  #
disappear;
and having kept several of them in a box for two or three       #
dayes, so that
for all that time they had nothing to feed on, I found, upon    #
letting one
creep on my hand, that it immediately fell to sucking, and did  #
neither
seem to thrust its nose very deep into the skin, nor to open    #
any kind of
mouth, but I could plainly perceive a small current of blood,   #
which
came directly from its snout, and past into its belly; and      #
about A there
seem'd a contrivance, somewhat resembling a Pump, pair of       #
Bellows, or
Heart, for by a very swift (^systole^) and (^drastole^) the     #
blood seem'd drawn
from the nose, and forced into the body. It did not seem at     #
all, though
I viewed it a good while as it was sucking, to thrust more of   #
its nose into
the skin then the very snout D, nor did it cause the least      #
discernable
pain, and yet the blood seem'd to run through its head very     #
quick and
freely, so that it seems there is no part of the skin but the   #
blood is dispers'd
into, nay, even into the (\cuticula\) ; for had it thrust its   #
whole nose
in from D to C C, it would not have amounted to the supposed    #
thickness 
of that (^tegument^) , the length of the nose being not more    #
then a three
hundredth part of an inch. It has six legs, covered with a      #
very transparent
shell, and joynted exactly like a Crab's, or Lobster's; each    #
leg is
divided into six parts by these joynts, and those have here     #
and there
several small hairs; and at the end of each leg it has two      #
claws, very
properly adapted for its peculiar use, being thereby inabled    #
to walk
very securely both on the skin and hair; and indeed this        #
contrivance of
the feet is very curious, and could not be made more            #
commodiously and
compendiously, for performing both these requisite motions, of  #
walking
and climbing up the hair of a mans head, then it is: for, by    #
having the
lesser claw (a) set so much short of the bigger (b) when it     #
walks of
the skin the shorter touches not, and then the feet are the     #
same with
those of a Mite, and several other small Insects, but by means  #
of the
small joynts of the longer claw it can bend it round, and so    #
with both
claws take hold of a hair, in the manner represented in the     #
Figure, the
long transparent Cylinder F F F, being a Man's hair held by it.
   The (\Thorax\) seem'd cas'd with another kind of substance   #
then the belly,
namely, with a thin transparent horny substance, which upon the
fasting of the Creature did not grow flaccid; through this I    #
could plainly
see the blood, suck'd from my hand, to be variously             #
distributed, and
mov'd to and fro; and about G there seem'd a pretty big white   #
substance,
which seem'd to be moved within its (\thorax\) ; besides,       #
there appear'd 
very many small milk-white vessels, which crost over the breast
<P 13.5,213>
between the legs, out of which, on either side, were many       #
small branchings,
these seemd to be the veins and arteries, for that which is     #
analogus
to blood in all Insects is milk-white.
   The belly is covered with a transparent substance likewise,  #
but more
resembling a skin then a shell, for 'tis grain'd all over the   #
belly just like
the skin in the palms of a man's hand, and when the belly is    #
empty, grows
very flaccid and wrinkled; at the upper end of this is placed   #
the stomach
H H, and perhaps also the white spot I I may be the liver or    #
(^pancreas^) ,
which by the (^peristaltick^) motion of the guts, is a little   #
mov'd to and fro,
not with a (^systole^) and (^diastole^) , but rather with a     #
thronging or justling
motion. Viewing one of these Creatures, after it had fasted     #
two dayes,
all the hinder part was lank and flaccid, and the white spot I  #
I hardly
mov'd, most of the white branchings disappear'd, and most also  #
of the
redness or sucked blood in the guts, the (^peristaltick^)       #
motion of which
was scarce discernable; but upon the suffering it to suck; it   #
presently
fill'd the skin of the belly, and of the fix scolop'd           #
embosments on either
side, as full as it could be stuft; the stomach and guts were   #
as full as
they could hold; the (^peristaltick^) motion of the gut grew    #
quick, and the
justling motion of I I accordingly; multitudes of milk-white    #
vessels
seem'd quickly filled, and turgid, which were perhaps the       #
veins and arteries, 
and the Creature was so greedy, that though it could not        #
contain
more, yet it continued sucking as fast as ever, and as fast     #
emptying it self
behind: the digestion of this Creature must needs be very       #
quick, for
though I perceiv'd the blood thicker and blacker when sucked    #
[^SOURCE TEXT: suck d^] , yet,
when in the guts, it was of a very lovely ruby colour, and      #
that part of
it, which was digested into the veins, seemed white; whence it  #
appears,
that a further digestion of blood may make it milk, at least    #
of a resembling
colour: What is else observable in the figure of this           #
Creature, may
be seen by the 35. (^Scheme^) . 



<B CESCIE3B>
<Q E3 EX SCIO BOYLE>
<N ELECTRICITY>
<A BOYLE ROBERT>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SCIENCE OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z EXPOS>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BOYLE, ROBERT.
ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM, 1675-6.
OLD ASHMOLEAN REPRINTS, 7.
SERIES ED. R. W. T. GUNTHER (FACSIMILE).
OXFORD: UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, 1927.
PP. 8.1 - 38.30^]

<P 8>
   1. The first and most general Observation
is, That Electrical Bodies
draw not unless they be warm'd;
which Rule though I have now and
then found to admit of an Exception,  
(whereof I elsewhere offer an account,)
yet, as to the generality of
common Electricks, it holds well enough
to give much countenance to
our Doctrine, which teaches the effects
of Electrical Bodies to be perform'd
by Corporeal Emanations.
For 'tis known, that Heat, by agitating
the parts of a fit Body, solicites
it as it were to send forth its (^Effluvia^) ,
as is obvious in odoriferous Gums
and Perfumes, which, being heated,
send forth their fragrant steams, both
further and more copiously than otherwise
they would.
   2. Next, it has been observ'd, that
Amber, &c. warm'd by the fire, does
not attract so vigorously, as if it acquire
an equal degree of heat by
being chaf'd or rub'd: So that the
modification of motion in the internal
parts, and in the Emanations of
<P 9> 
the Amber, may, as well as the degree
of it, contribute to the Attraction.
And my particular Observations
incline me to adde, that the effect
may oftentimes be much promoted,
by employing both these 
ways successively; as I thought I manifestly
found when I first warm'd 
the Amber at the fire, and presently
after chaf'd it a little upon a piece
of cloth. For then a very few rubbings
seem'd to excite it more than
many more would otherwise have
done: As if the heat of the fire
had put the parts into a general, but
confus'd, agitation; to which 'twas
easie for the subsequent Attrition
(or Reciprocation of Pressure) to
give a convenient modification in a 
Body whose Texture disposes it to
become vigorously Electrical.
   3. Another Observation that is
made about these Bodies, is, That
they require Tersion as well as Attrition;
and though I doubt whether 
the Rule be infallible, yet I deny
not but that weaker Electricks require
<P 10>
to be as well wip'd as chaf'd;
and even good ones will have their
Operation promoted by the same
means. And this is very agreeable
to our Doctrine, since Tersion, besides
that it is, as I have sometimes
manifestly known it, a kind or degree
of Attrition, frees the Surface
from those adherences that might
choak the pores of the Amber, or
at least hinder the emanation of the
steams to be so free and copious as otherwise
it would be.
   4. 'Tis likewise observ'd, That
whereas the Magnetical Steams are
so subtile, that they penetrate and
perform their Operation through
all kind of Mediums hitherto known
to us; Electrical Steams are like
those of some odoriferous Bodies,
easily check'd in their progress, since
'tis affirm'd by Learned Writers, who
say they speak upon particular Trial,
that the interposition of the finest
Linnen or Sarsnet is sufficient to hinder
all the Operation of excited
Amber upon a Straw or Feather
<P 11>
plac'd never so little beyond it.
   5. It has been also observed, that
the effects of Electrical Attraction
are weaken'd if the air be thick and
cloudy; and especially if the Southwind
blows: And that Electricks display
their vertue more faintly by
night than by day, and more vigorously
in clear weather, and when
the winds are Northerly. All which
the Learned (^Kircherus^) asserts himself
to have found true by experience;
insomuch that those bodies that are
but faintly drawn when the weather
is clear, will not, when 'tis thick
and cloudy, be at all moved.
   6. We have also observed, That
divers Concretes, that are notably
Electrical, do abound in an effluviable
matter (if I may so call it)
which is capable of being manifestly
evaporated by heat and rubbing.
Thus we see, that most Resinous 
Gums, that draw light bodies, do
also, being moderately solicited by
heat, (whether this be excited by
the fire, or by Attrition or Contusion)
<P 12>
emit steams. And in pieces of
(^Sulphur^) conveniently shaped, I found
upon due Attrition a Sulphureous
stink. And that piece of Amber
which I most employ, being somewhat 
large and very well polish'd,
will, being rub'd upon a piece of
woollen cloth, emit steams, which
the nostrils themselves may perceive;
and they sometimes seem to
me not unlike those that I took notice
of, when I kept in my mouth a 
drop or two of the diluted Tincture
(or Solution of the finer parts) of
Amber made with Spirit of Wine,
or of Sal Armoniac.
   7. It agrees very well with what
has been said of the corporeal Emanations
of Amber, that its attractive
power will continue some time after
it has been once excited. For the
Attrition having caus'd an intestine
commotion in the parts of the Concrete,
the heat or warmth that is
thereby excited ought not to cease,
as soon as ever the rubbing is over,
but to continue capable of emitting
<P 13>
(^Effluvia^) for some time afterwards,
which will be longer or shorter according
to the goodness of the Electric,
and the degree of the Antecedent
commotion: which joyn'd
together may sometimes make the
effect considerable, insomuch that
in a warm day, about noon, I did
with a certain body, not much, if at
all, bigger than a Pea, but very vigorously
attractive, move to and fro
a Steel Needle freely poysed, about
three minutes (or the twentieth
part of an hour) after I had left off
rubbing the Attrahent.
   8. That it may not seem impossible,
that Electrical (^Effluvia^) should be
able to insinuate themselves into the
pores of many other bodies, I shall
adde, that I found them subtile enough
to attract not onely Spirit of 
Wine, but that the fluid aggregate of
Corpuscles we call Smoak. For having
well lighted a Wax-taper, which
I preferr'd to a common Candle to
avoid the stink of the snuff, I blew
out the flame; and, when the smoak
<P 14>
ascended in a slender stream, held, at
a convenient distance from it, an excited
piece of Amber or a chafed 
Diamond, which would manifestly 
make the ascending smoak deviate
from its former line, and turn aside,
to beat, as it were, against the
Electric, which, if it were vigorous,
would act at a considerable distance,
and seemed to smoak for a pretty
while together.  
   9. That 'tis not in any peculiar
Sympathy between an Electric and
a body whereon it operates, that Electrical
Attraction depends, seems
the more probable, because Amber, 
for instance, does not attract onely
one determinate sort of bodies, as
the Loadstone does Iron, and those
bodies wherein it abounds; but as far 
as I have yet tried, it draws indifferently
all bodies whatsoever, being
plac'd within a due distance from it,
(as my choicest piece of Amber
draws not onely Sand and Mineral
Powders, but Filings of Steel and
Copper, and beaten Gold it self)
<P 15>
provided they be minute or light enough,
except perhaps it be fire:
I employ the word (^perhaps^) , because
I am not yet so clear in this point.
For having applied a strong Electric
at a convenient distance to small
fragments of ignited matter, they
were readily enough attracted, and
shin'd, whilst they were sticking to
the body that had drawn them: But
when I look'd attentively upon 
them, I found the shining sparks to
be, as it were, cloath'd with light
ashes, which, in spite of my diligence,
had been already form'd about 
the attracted Corpuscles, upon
the expiring of a good part of the
fire; so that it remain'd somewhat
doubtful to me, whether the ignited
Corpuscles, whilst they were totally
such, were attracted; or whether
the immediate objects of the
Attraction were not the new form'd
ashes, which carried up with them
those yet unextinguished parts of
fire, that chanc'd to be lodg'd in them.
But, as for flame, our Countreyman
<P 16>
(^Gilbert^) delivers as his Experiment,
That an Electric though duly excited
and applied, will not move the
flame of the slenderest Candle.
Which some will think not so easie
to be well tried with common Electricks,
as Amber, hard Wax, Sulphur,
and the like unctuous Concretes,
that very easily take fire:
Therefore I chose to make my Trial,
with a rough Diamond extraordinarily
attractive, which I could,
without injuring it, hold as near as
I pleas'd to the flame of a Candle or
Taper; and though I was not satisfi'd
that it did either attract the flame,
as it visibly did the smoak, or manifestly
agitate it; yet granting that
(^Gilbert's^) Assertion will constantly
hold true, and so, that flame is to be
excepted from the general Rule, yet
this exception may well comport
with the (^Hypothesis^) hitherto countenanc'd,
since it may be said, as 'tis,
if I mistake not, by (^Kirkerus^) , that
the heat of the flame dissipates the
(^Effluvia^) , by whose means the Attraction
<P 17>
should be perform'd. To 
which I shall adde, that possibly the
Celerity of the motion of the Flame
upwards, may render it very difficult
for the Electrical Emanations
to divert the Flame from its Course.  
   10. We have found by Experiment,
That a vigorous and well excited
piece of Amber will draw, not
onely the powder of Amber, but
less minute fragments of it. And as
in many cases one contrary directs to 
another, so this Trial suggested a 
further, which, in case of good success,
would probably argue, that in
Electrical Attraction not onely (^Effluvia^)
are emitted by the Electrical body,
but these (^Effluvia^) fasten upon
the body to be drawn, and that in
such a way, that the intervening viscous
strings, which may be supposed
to be made up of those cohering (^Effluvia^) ,
are, when their agitation ceases,
contracted or made to shrink inwards
towards both ends, almost as a
highly strech'd Lute-string does
when 'tis permitted to retreat into
<P 18>
shorter Dimensions. But the Conjecture
it self was much more easie
to be made than the Experiment requisite
to examine it. For we found
it no easie matter to suspend  an Electric,
great and vigorous enough, in
such a manner, that it might, whilst
suspended, be excited, and be so
nicely poised, that so faint a force as
that wherewith it attracts light bodies
should be able to procure a Local
Motion to the whole Body it self.
But after some fruitless attempts
with other Electricks, I had recourse
to the very vigorous piece of polish'd
Amber, formerly mention'd,
and when we had with the help of a
little Wax suspended it by a silken
thread, we chafed very well one of
the blunt edges of it upon a kind of
large Pin-cushion cover'd with a
course and black woollen stuff, and
then brought the Electric, as soon as
we could, to settle notwithstanding
its hanging freely at the bottom of
the string. This course of rubbing
on the edge of the Amber we pitch'd
<P 19>
upon for more than one reason; for
if we had chafed the flat side, the
Amber could not have approached
the body it had been rub'd on without
making a change of place in the
whole Electric, and, which is worse,
without making it move (contrary
to the nature of heavy bodies)
somewhat upwards; whereas the
Amber having, by reason of its suspension,
its parts counterpoised by
one another; to make the excited
edge approach to another body, that
edge needed not at all ascend, but
onely be moved horizontally, to
which way of moving the gravity of
the Electric (which the string kept
from moving downwards) could be
but little or no hinderance. And agreeably
to this we found, that if, as
soon as the suspended and well
rubb'd Electric was brought to settle
freely, we applied to the chafed
edge, but without touching it, the
lately mention'd Cushion, which, by
reason of its rough (^Superficies^) and
porosity, was fit for the Electrical
<P 20>
(^Effluvia^) to fasten upon, the edge
would manifestly be drawn aside by
the Cushion steadily held, and if
this were slowly removed, would
follow it a good way; and when
this body no longer detain'd it,
would return to the posture wherein
it had settled before. And this power
of approaching the Cushion by
vertue of the operation of its own
steams, was so durable in our vigorous
piece of Amber, that by once
chafing it, I was able to make it follow
the Cushion no less than ten or
eleven times. Whether from such
Experiments one may argue, that 'tis
but, as 'twere, by accident that Amber
attracts another body, and not
this the Amber; and whether these
ought to make us question, if Electricks
may with so much propriety,
as has been hitherto generally supposed,
be said to (^Attract^) , are doubts
that my Design does not here oblige
me to examine.
   Some other(^Phaenomena^) might be
added of the same Tendency with
<P 21>
those already mention'd, (as the advantage
that Electrical Bodies usually
get by having well polish'd or at
least smooth Surfaces,) but the Title
of this Paper promising some (^Experiments^)
about the (^Production^) of Electricity,
I must not omit to recite,
how I have been sometimes able to 
produce or destroy this Quality in
certain bodies, by means of alterations,
that appear'd not to be other
than Mechanical. 

[}EXPER. I.}]

   And first, having with a very mild
heat slowly evaporated about a
fourth part of good Turpentine, I
found, that the remaining body
would not, when cold, continue a Liquor,
but harden'd into a transparent 
Gum almost like Amber, which, 
as I look'd for, proved Electrical.

<P 22>
[}EXPER. II.}]

   Secondly, by mixing two such liquid
Bodies as (^Petroleum^) and
strong Spirit of Nitre in a certain
proportion, and then distilling them
till there remained a dry mass, I obtain'd
a brittle substance as black as
Jet; and whose Superficies (where
it was contiguous to the Retort) was
glossie like that Mineral when polished;
and as I expected I found it
also to resemble Jet, in being endowed
with an Electrical Faculty.

[}EXPER. III.}]

   Thirdly, Having burnt Antimony
to ashes, and of those ashes,
without any addition, made a transparent
Glass, I found, that, when 
rubb'd, as Electrical Bodies ought to
be to excite them, it answer'd my expectation,
by manifesting a not inconsiderable
Electricity. And this is the
worthier of notice, because, that (^as^) a
<P 23>
(\Vitrum Antimonii\) , that is said to be
purer than ordinary, may be made
of the (^Regulus^) of the same Mineral,
in whose preparation you know a 
great part of the Antimonial Sulphur
is separated and left among the
(\Scoriae\) ; (^so^) Glass of Antimony made
without additament, may easily, as
experience has inform'd us, be in
part reduced to a (^Regulus^) , (a Body
not reckon'd amongst Electrical
ones.) And that you may not think,
that 'tis onely some peculiar and fixt
part of the Antimony that is capable
of (^Vitrification^) , let me assure you,
that even with the other part that is 
wont to flye away, (namely the
Flowers) an Antimonial Glass may
without an addition of other Ingredients
be made.

[}EXPER. IV.}]

   Fourthly, The mention of a Vitrified
Body brings into my
mind, that I more than once made
some Glass of Lead (\per se\) , (which
<P 24>
I found not very easie work) that
also was not wholly destitute of an
Electrical Vertue, though it had but
a very languid one. And it is not
here to be overlook'd, that this Glass
might easily be brought to afford again
malleable Lead, which was never
reckon'd, that I know of, among
Electrical Bodies.

[}EXPER. V.}]

   Fifthly, Having taken some Amber,
and warily distill'd it, not
with Sand, or powder'd Brick, or
some such additament as Chymists
are wont to use, for fear it should
boyl over or break their Vessels; but
by it self, that I might have an unmixed
(\Caput mortuum\) ; Having made
this Distillation, I say, and continued
it till it had afforded a good proportion
of phlegm, Spirit, Volatile Salt,
and Oyl, the Retort was warily broken,
and the remaining matter was
taken out in a lump, which, though
it had quite lost its colour being
<P 25>
burnt quite black, and though it 
were grown strangely brittle in comparison
of Amber, so that they who
believe the vertue of attracting light
Bodies to flow from the substantial
form of Amber, would not expect
it in a Body so changed and deprived
of its noblest parts: Yet this (\Caput
mortuum\) was so far from having lost
its Electrical Faculty, that it seemed
to attract more vigorously than Amber
it self is wont to do before it be
committed to Distillation.
   And from the foregoing Instances
afforded us by the Glass of Antimony,
we may learn, that when the
form of a Body seems to be destroyed
by a fiery (^Analysis^) that dissipates
the parts of it, the remaining substance
may yet be endowed with Electricity,
as the (\Caput mortuum\) of
Amber may acquire it; as in the case
of the Glass of Antimony made of
the (^Calx^) and of the Flowers. And
from the second Example abovementioned,
and from common Glass
which is Electrical, we may also
<P 26> 
learn, that Bodies that are neither of
them apart observed to be endowed
with Electricity, may have that Vertue
result in the compounded substance
that they constitute, though
it be but a factitious Body.
   To the foregoing Experiments,
whose success is wont to be uniform
enough, I shall adde the Recital of a
surprising (^Phaenomenon^) , which, though
not constant, may help to make it
probable, that Electrical Attractions
need not be suppos'd still to proceed
from the substantial, or even
from the essential Form of the Attrahent;
but may be the effects of
unheeded, and, as it were, fortuitous
Causes. And however, I dare
not suppress so strange an Observation,
and therefore shall relate that
which I had the luck to make of an
odd sort of Electrical Attraction (as
it seem'd,) not taken notice of (that
I know of) by any either Naturalist
or other Writer, and it is this.  

<P 27>
[}EXPER. VI.}]

   That false Locks (as they call
them) of some Hair, being
by curling or otherwise brought to
a certain degree of driness, or of
stiffness, will be attracted by the
flesh of some persons, or seem to
apply themselves to it, as Hair is
wont to do to Amber or Jet excited
by rubbing. Of this I had a 
Proof in such Locks worn by two
very Fair Ladies that you know.
For at some times I observed, that
they could not keep their Locks
from flying to their Cheeks, and
(though neither of them made any
use, or had any need of Painting)
from sticking there. When one of
these Beauties first shew'd me this
Experiment, I turn'd it into a Complemental
Raillery, as suspecting
there might be some trick in it,
though I after saw the same thing
happen to the others Locks too. But
as she is no ordinary (^Virtuosa^) , she very
<P 28>
ingeniously remov'd my suspicions,
and (as I requested) gave me leave to
satisfie my self further, by desiring her
to hold her warm hand at a convenient 
distance from one of those Locks
taken off and held in the air. For as
soon as she did this, the lower end
of the Lock, which was free, applied
it self presently to her hand:
which seem'd the more strange, because
so great a multitude of Hair
would not have been easily attracted
by an ordinary Electrical Body,
that had not been considerably
large, or extraordinarily vigorous.
This repeated Observation put me
upon inquiring among some other
young Ladies, whether they had observed
any such like thing, but I found
little satisfaction to my Question, except
from one of them eminent for
being ingenious, who told me, that
sometimes she had met with these
troublesome Locks; but that all she
could tell me of the Circumstances,
which I would have been inform'd 
about, was, that they seem'd to her
<P 29>
to flye most to her Cheeks when 
they had been put into a somewhat
stiff Curle, and when the Weather
was frosty.

Some years after the making the Experiments
about the Production of (^Electricity^) ,
having a desire to try, whether in the
Attractions made by Amber, the motions
excited by the air had a considerable Interest,
or whether the Effect were not due 
rather to the Emission and Retraction of
Effluvia, which being of a viscous nature
may consist of Particles either branch'd or
hookt, or otherwise fit for some kind of
Cohesion, and capable of being stretch'd,
and of shrinking again, as Leather Thongs
are: To examine this, I say, I thought
the fittest way, if 'twere practicable,
would be, to try, whether Amber would
draw a light Body in a Glass whence the
air was pumpt out. And (^though^) the Trial
of this seem'd very difficult to make,
and we were somewhat discouraged by 
our first attempt, wherein the weight
of the ambient air broke our Receiver,
which chanced to prove too weak, when
the internal air had been with extraordinary
diligence pumpt out; (^yet^) having a
vigorous piece of Amber, which I had
caus'd to be purposely turn'd and polish'd
<P 30> 
for Electrical Experiments, I afterwards
repeated the Trial, and found, that in
warm Weather it would retain a manifest
power of attracting for several minutes
(for it stirred a pois'd Needle after above
1/4 of an hour) after we had done rubbing
it. Upon which encouragement we suspended
it, being first well chafed, in a
Glass Receiver that was not great, just over
a light Body; and making haste with our
Air-Pump to exhaust the Glass, when the
Air was withdrawn, we did by a Contrivance
let down the suspended Amber till it
came very near the Straw or Feather, and
perceived, as we expected, that in some
Trials, upon the least Contact it would lift
it up; and in others, for we repeated the
Experiment, the Amber would raise it
without touching it, that is, would attract
it.

   You will probably be the less
dispos'd to believe, That Electrical
Attractions must proceed from the
Substantial Forms of the Attrahents,
or from the Predominacy of this or
that Chymical Principle in them, if I
acquaint you with some odd Trials
wherein the Attraction of light Bodies
<P 31>
seem'd to depend upon very
small circumstances. And though
forbearing at present, to offer you
my thoughts about the cause of these
surprising (^Phaenomena^) , I propose it
onely as a Probleme to your self and
your curious Friends, yet the main
circumstances seeming to be of a Mechanical
Nature, the recital of my
Trials will not be impertinent to the
Design and Subject of this Paper.

[}EXPER. VII.}]

   I Took then a large and vigorous
piece of Amber conveniently shaped
for my purpose, and a downy
feather, such as grows upon the Bodies,
not Wings or Tails of a somewhat
large Chicken: Then having
moderately excited the Electrick, I
held the Amber so near it, that the
neighbouring part of the feather was
drawn by it  and stuck fast to it; but
the remoter parts continued in their
former posture. This done, I applyed
my fore-finger to these erected
<P 32>
downy feathers, and immediately, as
I expected, they left their preceeding
posture, and applied themselves to it
as if it had been an Electrical Body.
And whether I offered to them my
nail, or the pulpy part of my finger,
or held my finger towards the right
hand or the left, or directly over, these
downy feathers that were near the
little Quill did nimbly, and, for ought
appear'd, equally turn themselves towards
it, and fasten themselves to it.
And to shew that the steams that issued
out of so warm a Body as my
finger were not necessary to attract
(as men speak) the abovementioned
feathers, instead of my finger, I applied
to them, after the same manner,
a little Cylindrical Instrument of Silver,
to which they bowed and fastened
themselves as they had done
to my finger, though the tip of this
Instrument were presented to them
in several postures. The like success
I had with the end of an Iron Key,
and the like also with a cold piece of
polish'd black Marble; and sometimes
<P 33>
the feathers did so readily and strongly
fasten themselves to these extraneous
and unexcited Bodies, that I
have been able (though not easily)
to make one of them draw the feather
from the Amber it self.
   But it is diligently to be observ'd,
that this unusual attraction happened
onely whilst the electrical operation
of the excited Amber continued
strong enough to sustain the feathers.
For afterwards, neither the approach
of my finger, nor that of the other
bodies, would make the downy feathers
change their posture. Yet as
soon as ever the Amber was by a
light affriction excited again, the feather
would be disposed to apply it
self again to the abovementioned
Bodies.
   And lest there should be any peculiarity
in that particular feather, I
made the Trials with others (provided
they were not long enough to 
exceed the sphere of activity of the
Amber) and found the Experiment
to answer my expectation.
<P 34>
   I made the Experiment also at differing
times, and with some months,
if not rather years, of interval, but
with the like success.
   And lest you should think these
(^Phaenomena^) proceed from some peculiarity
in the piece of Amber I employed,
I shall add, that I found uniformity
enough in the success, when,
in the place of Amber, I substituted
another Electrick, and particularly a
smooth mass of melted Brimstone.
   These are the (^Phaenomena^) I thought
fit to mention at present of this unusual
way of drawing light bodies, and
with this Experiment I should conclude
my Notes about Electricity, but
that I think it will not be amiss before
I take leave of this Subject, to give
this Advertisement, That the event
of Electrical Experiments is not always
so certain as that of many others,
being sometimes much varied by
seemingly slight circumstances, and
now and then by some that are altogether
over-look'd. This Observation
may receive credit from some of
<P 35>
the particulars above recited (especially concerning
the interest of the weather, &c. in 
Electrical (^Phaenomena^) .) But now I shall add,
that, not onely there may happen some variations
in the success of Trials made with
Electrical Bodies, but that it is not so
certain as many think, whether some particular
Bodies be or be not Electrical. For
the inquisitive (^Kircherus^) reckons Crystall
among those Gems to whom Nature has
denyed the attractive power we are speaking
of; and yet I remember not, that, among
all the trials I have made with native
Crystall, I have found any that was
destitute of the power he refuses them.
Also a late most learned Writer reciting
the Electricks, reckon'd up by our industrious
Countryman (^Gilbert^) , and increasing
their number by some observed by himself,
(to which I shall now add, besides
white Saphyrs, and white English Amethysts,
the almost Diaphanous spar of Lead
Ore) denies Electricity to a couple of transparent
Gems, the Cornelion and the Emrald.
And I do the less wonder he should
do so to the former, because I have my self
in vain tried to make any attraction with
a piece of Cornelion so large and fair, that
'twas kept for a rarity; and yet with divers
other fine Cornelions I have been able
to attract some light bodies very manifestly,
<P 36>
if not briskly; and I usually wear a
Cornelian Ring, that is richly enough endowed
with Electricity. But as for Emralds,
as I thought it strange that Nature
should have denied them a Quality she
has granted to so many other Diaphanous
Gems, and even to Crystal, so I thought
the assertion deserved an (^Examen^) , upon
which I concluded, that at least it does
not universally and constantly hold true.
I had indeed seen in a Ring a Stone of
price and great lustre, which, though
green, I found to be, (as I guess'd it would
prove) vigorously enough Electrical. But
this Experiment, though seemingly conclusive,
I did not look upon as a fair trial,
because the Stone was not a true Emrald,
but, which is rare, a green Saphir. And
I learned by inquiry of the skillful Jeweller
that cut it, that it was so far from having
the softness of an Emrald, that he
found it harder than blew Saphyrs themselves,
which yet are Gems of great hardness,
and by some reputed second to none,
but Diamonds. Without therefore concluding
any thing from this Experiment,
save that, if the assertion I was to examin
were true, the want of an Electrical faculty
might be thought a Concomitant rather
of the peculiar Texture of the Emrald
than of its green colour, I proceeded
<P 37>
to make trial with three or four Emralds,
whose being true was not doubted, and    
found them all somewhat, though not equally,
endow'd with Electricity, which I
found to be yet more considerable in an
Emrald of my own, whose colour was so
excellent, that by skilful persons 'twas
look'd on as a rarity. And though, by this
success of my inquiry, I perceived I could
not, as else I might have done, shew the
Curious a new way of judging of true and
false Emralds, yet the like way may be,
though not always certain, yet oftentimes
of use, in the estimating whether Diamonds
be true of counterfeit, especially,
if, being set in Rings, the surest way of
trying them cannot conveniently be employed.
For whereas Glass, though it
have some Electricity, seems, as far as I
have observed, to have but a faint one,
there are often found Diamonds that have
a very vigorous one. And I do not remember
I met with any Electrick of the
same bulk, that was more vigorous than
a rough Diamond I have, which is the
same that I formerly mentioned to have
moved a Needle above three minutes after
I had ceased to chafe it. And this
brings to my mind, that it has been observed,
that Diamonds draw better whilst
rough, than they do after they are cut and
<P 38>
polish'd; which seeming to contradict
what has been observed by others and by
us also, that Amber, for instance, attracts
more vigorously if the surface be made very
smooth than otherwise, it induces me
to conjecture, that, if this Observation about
Diamonds be true, as some of my
trials have now and then inclined me to
think it, and if it do not in some cases
considerably depend upon the loss of the
(Electrical) Substance of the Stone, by its
being cut and ground, the Reason may
possibly be, that the great rapidness with
which the Wheels that serve to cut and 
polish Diamonds must be mov'd, does excite
a great degree of heat, (which the
senses may easily discover) in the Stone,
and by that and the strong concussion it
makes of its parts, may force it to spend
its effluviable matter, if I may so call it,
so plentifully, that the Stone may be impoverish'd
and perhaps also, on the account
of some little change in its Texture,
be rendred lesse disposed to emit those
(^effluvia^) that are Instruments of Electrical
Attraction. But as I willingly leave the
matter of Fact to further Trial, so I do
the Cause of it, in case it prove true, to
farther Inquiry.

(\Finis.\)



<B CEEDUC3A>
<Q E3 IS EDUC LOCKE>
<N EDUCATION>
<A LOCKE JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U NON-PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^LOCKE, JOHN.
DIRECTIONS CONCERNING EDUCATION.
ED. F. G. KENYON.
OXFORD: THE ROXBURGHE CLUB, 1933.
PP. 44.21 - 59.12^]

<P 44>
   20. Let his bed be hard and rather quilts then feathers.     #
Hard
lodging strengthens the parts whereas being buried every night  #
in
feathers melts and dissolves the body and is often the cause of
weakenesse and the forerunner of an early grave, and besides    #
the
stone which has commonly its rise from this warme wraping of    #
the
reins. Severall other indispositions and that which is the      #
root of
<P 45>
them all a tender weakely constitution is very much oweing to
downe beds. Besides he that is used to hard lodging at home     #
will
not misse his sleep (where he has most need of it) when he      #
travells 
abroad for want of his soft bed and his pillars laid in order,  #
and
therefore I thinke it would not be amisse to make his bed after
different fashons. Sometimes lay his head higher sometimes      #
lower,
that he may not feele every litle change he must be sure to     #
meet
with, who is not designed to lye alwayes in my young masters    #
bed
at home and to have his maid to lay all things in print and     #
tuck him
in warme. The great cordiall of nature is sleepe, he that       #
misses it
will suffer by it, and he is very unfortunate who can take his  #
cordiall
only in his mothers guilt cup and not in a wooden dish. He      #
that can
sleepe soundly takes the cordial and matters not whether it be  #
on a soft
bed or on the hard boards, tis sleepe only that is the thing    #
necessary.
   21. One thing more there is which has a great influence      #
upon the
health, and that is goeing to stoole regularly. People that     #
are very
loose have seldome strong thoughts or strong bodies, but the    #
cure
of this both by diet and medecine being much more easy then the
contrary evill there needs not much to be said about it, for    #
if loosnesse
come to threaten either by it[{s{] violence or duration it will
soone enough and sometimes too soone make a phisitian be sent
for, and if it be moderate and short it is commonly best to     #
leave it
to nature. On the other side costiveness has too its ill        #
effects and is
much harder to be dealt with by physique, purgeing medicines    #
which
seeme to give releife rather increasing then removeing the      #
evill.
   22. It haveing been an inconvenience that my owne natural    #
constitution
disposed me to, I would have been glad of a cure. Not findeing
it in books I set my thoughts on worke beleiveing that greater  #
changes
then that might be made in our bodys if we tooke the right      #
course
and proceeded by rationall steps.
<P 46>
   23. 1. Then I considerd that goeing to stoole was the        #
effect of certaine
motions of the body espetially of the peristaltique motion of   #
the guts.
   24. 2. I considerd that several motions that were not        #
perfectly
voluntary might yet by use and constant application be brought  #
to
be habitual if by any unintermitted custome it were at certaine
seasons endeavourd to be constantly produced.
   25. 3. I had observed some men who by takeing after supper a
pipe of tobacco never failed of a stoole and begun to doubt     #
with
myself whether it were not more custome then the tobacco that   #
gave
them that benefit of nature or at least if the tobacco did it   #
it was
rather by exciteing a vigorous motion in the guts then by any   #
purging
quality, for then it would have had other effects.
   26. Haveing thus once got the opinion that it was possible   #
to make
it habituall, the next thing was to consider what way and       #
meanes
was the likeliest to obteine it.
   27. 4. Then I guessd that if a man after his first eating    #
in the
morning would presently solicit nature and trye whether he      #
could
strain himself soe as to obteine a stoole, he might in time by  #
a constant
application bring it to be habituall. The reasons that made me
choose this time was 1. because the stomach being then empty,   #
if
it received any thing gratefull to it (for I would never have   #
any one
[{eat{] but what he likes and when he has an appetite) it was   #
apt to
imbrace it close by a strong constriction of its fibres, which  #
constriction

I was apt to thinke might probably be continued on in the
guts and soe increase their peristaltique motion, as we see in  #
the
Ileus that an inverted motion being begun anywhere below        #
continues
itself all the whole length and makes even the stomach obey
that irregular motion.
   2. because when men eat they usualy relax their thoughts on  #
the
<P 47>
Spirits then free from other imployments are more vigorously    #
distributed
in the lower belly, which thereby contribute to the same        #
effect.
   3. Because when ever men have leisure to eat they have       #
leisure
enough also to make soe much court to Madam Cloacina as would
be necessary to our present purpose, but else in the variety of
humane affairs and accidents it was impossible to affix it to   #
any
hower certain, whereby the custome would be interrupted,        #
whereas
men in health seldome failing to eat once a day, though the     #
hower
changed the custome might still be preservd.
   28. Upon these grounds I proceeded to make an Experiment in
myself and therefore constantly after my first eating which was
seldome till dinner I went to the necessary house whether I     #
found
myself cald or noe and there endeavourd to put nature upon her
duty. I cannot tell what success I had in the begining, it      #
being
now a long time since, but this I am sure that I got such an    #
habit
of goeing to stoole that I doe not now once in a month faile    #
of it
after my first eating, though sometimes the hower very much     #
alters,
unlesse it be by my own neglect, for whether I have any motion  #
or
noe if I goe to the place and doe my part, I am sure to have    #
nature
very obedient, and this I thinke any one else may doe that      #
will at 
first but take constantly a litle pains with himself.
   29. I would therefore advise you that this course should be  #
taken
with your Son. Every day presently after he has eaten his       #
breakefast
let him be set upon the stoole as if disburthening were in his  #
power as
much as filling his belly, and let not him nor his maid know    #
anything
to the contrary but that it is soe, and if he be forced to      #
endeavour
by being hinderd from his play or eating again till he has
been effectually at stool or at least donne his utmost I doubt  #
not but
<P 48>
in a litle while it will become habituall to him, for children  #
that
are usually intent on their play and very heedlesse of any      #
thing else,
often let passe these motions of nature when she calls on them  #
but
gently, which often not being repeated they doe by degrees      #
bring
themselves into an habituall costivenesse.
   30. How far you will thinke this worth tryall in your owne   #
health
I cannot tell, this I am sure if you need it it may [{not{] be  #
disadvantageous
to you, and if any one goes to stoole once in 24 howers
I thinke it enough.
   31. This is all I have to trouble you with concerning his    #
management
in the ordinary course of his health. Perhaps it will be        #
expected
from me that I should give him some directions of physick to
prevent diseases. For which I have only this one very sacredly  #
to
be observed, never to give children any physick for prevention.
The rules I have already given will I suppose doe that better   #
than
all the Apothecarys shops and medicines in the County; have a   #
great
care of tampering that way, least instead of preventing you     #
draw on
diseases. Nor even upon every litle indisposition is physick    #
to be
given or the physitian to be cald, espetially if he be a        #
busyman
that will presently fill their windows with gally pots and      #
their
stomachs with drugs. It is safer to leave them wholy to nature  #
then
to put them into the hands of one forward to tamper or that     #
thinkes
children are to be curd in ordinary distempers by any thing but
diet or by a method very litle distant from it, it seeming      #
suitable
both to my reason and experience that the tender constitutions  #
of
children should have as litle donne to them as is possible and  #
as the
absolute necessity of the case requires. A litle cold stild     #
red popywater 
which is the true surfet water, with ease and abstinence from
flesh, often puts an end to several distempers in the           #
beginning which
by too forward applications might have been made lusty          #
diseases.
<P 49>
When such a gentle treatment will not prevent the growing       #
mischeife
but that it will turne into a formed disease, to which your     #
children
are as well liable as others, it will be time to seeke the      #
advice of
some sober discreet physitian. In this part I hope I shall      #
finde easy
beleive and noe body can have a pretence to doubt of a          #
physitians
advice when he counsells you not to be too forwards in makeing
use of physick and physitians.
   32. And thus I have donne with what concernes the body and
health, which reduces itself to these few and easily            #
observeable rules,
plenty of open air and sleepe, plain diet, noe wine nor strong  #
drinke,
and very litle or noe physick, not too warme or strait          #
clothing,
espetially the head and feet kept cold and the feet often used  #
to
cold water and exposed to wet. Due care being had to keepe the
body in strength and vigour, soe that it may be able to obey    #
and
execute the orders of the minde. The next and principall        #
businesse
is to set the minde right, that in all occasions it may be      #
disposed to
doe noething but what may be suitable to the dignity and        #
exellency
of a rationall creature.
   33. If what I have said in the begining of this discourse    #
be true
as I doe not doubt but it is, viz. That the differences to be
found in the manners and abilitys of men is oweing more to      #
their
Education then anything else, we have reason to conclude that   #
great
care is to be had of the formeing childrens mindes and giveing  #
them
that season early which shall influence their lives always      #
after. For
when they doe well or ill the praise or blame will be laid      #
there. And
when any thing is donne untowardly the common saying will passe
upon them, That it is suitable to their breeding.
   34. As the strength of the body lies chiefely in being able  #
to
<P 50>
endure hardships, soe also does that of the minde. And the      #
great
principle and foundation of all vertue and worth is placed in   #
this,
That a man is able to deny himself his owne desires, crosse     #
his owne
inclinations, and purely follow what reason directs as best     #
though
the appetite leane the other way.
   35. The great mistake I have observed in peoples breeding    #
children
has been that this has not been taken care enough of in its due
season. That the minde has not been made obedient to rules and
pliant to reason when at first it was most tender, most easy    #
to be 
bowed. Parents being wisely ordend by nature to love their      #
children
are very apt, if reason watch not their natural affection very  #
warily,
are apt I say to let it run into fondnesse. The[{y{] love       #
their litle
ones and tis their duty, but they often with them cherish       #
their fault
too. They must not be crossed forsooth, they must be permitted
to have their wills in all things, and they being in their      #
infancys not
capeable of great views their parents thinke they may safely    #
enough
indulge their litle irregularitys and make themselves sport     #
with that
pretty perversnesse which they thinke well enough becomes that
innocent age. But Solon very well replyd to a fond parent that
would not have his child corrected for a perverse trik but      #
excused
it saying twas a small matter, ay said Solon but custome is a   #
great one.
   36. The fondling must be taught to stricke and call names,   #
must
have what he cryes for, and doe what he pleases. Thus parents   #
by
humoring and cockering them when litle corrupt the principles   #
of
nature in their children, and wonder afterwards to taste the    #
bitter
waters when they themselves have poisond the fountains. For     #
when
the children are grown up and these ill habits with them, when  #
they
are now too big to be dandled and their parents can noe longer
make use of them as play things, then they complain that the    #
brats
are untoward, perverse, then they are offended to see them      #
willfull,
<P 51>
and are troubled with these ill humors which they themselves    #
inspired
and cherishd in them, and then perhaps too late would be
glad to get out those weeds which their own hands have planted  #
and
which now have taken too deep root to be easily extirpated.     #
For he
that has been used to have his will in every thing as long as   #
he has
been in coats, why should we thinke it strange that he should   #
desire
and contend for it still when he is in breetches. Indeed as he  #
grows
more towards a man, it shows his faults the more, soe that      #
there be
few parents then soe blinde as not to see them, soe insensible  #
as not
to feele the ill effects of their owne indulgence. He had the   #
will
of his maid before he could speake or goe, he had the mastery   #
of
his parents ever since he could prattle, and why now he is      #
grown up,
is stronger and wiser then he was then, why now of a suddain    #
must
he be restraind and curbd, why must he at 7, 14, or 20 yeares   #
old
loose the priviledg which the parents indulgence till then soe  #
largely
allowd him? Trye it in a Dog or an horse or any other creature,
and see whether the ill and resty triks they have learnt when   #
young
are easily to be mended when they are knit, and yet none of     #
these
creatures are half soe willfull and proud, are half so          #
desirous to be
masters of themselves and others, as man.
   37. We are generally wise enough to begin with them when     #
they
are very young and discipline betimes those other creatures we  #
would
make usefull to us. They are only our ofspring that we neglect  #
in
this point and haveing made them ill children we foolishly      #
expect
they should be good men. For if the child must [{have{] wine    #
and
sugar plumbs when he has a minde to it rather then make the     #
poore
baby cry or be out of humour, why when he is grown up must not
[{he{] be satisfied too if his desires carry him to wine or     #
women?
They are objects as suitable to the longing of that age as      #
what he
cried for when litle was to the inclination of a child. The     #
fault lies
<P 52>
not in haveing desires suitable to the apprehensions and        #
appetites of
these severall ages but in the not haveing them subject to the  #
rules
and restraints of reason. The difference lies not in the        #
haveing or
not haveing appetites but in the power to govern and deny our   #
selves
in them. And he that is not used to submit his will to the      #
reason
of others when he is young will scarce hearken or submit to his
owne reason when he is of an age to make use of it. And what a 
kinde of man such a one is like to make is easy to forsee.
   38. I looke upon it then that the principall of all vertue   #
and
Excellency lyies in a power of denying our selves the           #
satisfaction of
our own desires where reason does not authorize them. This      #
power
is to be got and improved by custome, made easy and familiar by
an early practise. If therefore I might be heard I would        #
advise that
contrary to the ordinary way children should be used to submit 
their desires and goe without their longings even from their    #
very
cradles. From the time that they began to understand any thing  #
they
should be taught to know that they were not to have any thing
because it pleased them, but because it was thought fit for     #
them.
If things suitable to their wants were supplied to them soe     #
that they
were never sufferd to have any thing because they cried for     #
it, they
would learne to be content without it, would never crye for     #
mastery,
nor never be half soe uneasy to themselves and others as they   #
are
because from the first begining they are not thus handled. If   #
they
were never sufferd to obteine any thing by the impatience they  #
expresse
for it, they would noe more crye for other things then they
doe for the moon.
   39. I say not this as if children were not to be indulged    #
in any
<P 53>
thing, or that I expected they should in hanging sleeves have   #
the
reason and conduct of counsellors. I consider them as children  #
that
must be tenderly used, that must play and have play things.     #
That
which I meane is that when ever they desire any thing not fit   #
for
them to have or doe, they should not be permitted it because    #
they
were litle and desird it. Nay what they once craved, were       #
importunate
for, or once cried for, they should be sure for that very
reason to be denyd. I have seen children at a Table who what    #
ever
was there never asked for any thing but contentedly tooke what  #
was
given them, and at another place I have seen others cry for     #
every
thing they saw, must be served out of every dish, and that      #
first too.
What made this vast difference but that one was accustomd to    #
have
what he cald or cried for, the other to goe without it. The     #
younger
they are, the lesse I say are there unruly and disorderly       #
appetites
to be complyd with, and the lesse reason they have of their     #
owne,
the more are they to be under the absolute power and restraint  #
of
those in whose hands they are. From which I confesse it will    #
follow
that none but discreet people should be about them. If the      #
world
commonly does otherwise I cannot help that, I am telling you    #
what
I thinke should be, which if it were already in fashon I thinke
I need not trouble you with such a discourse as this. And I     #
beleive
when you have considerd of it you will be of opinion with me    #
that
the sooner this way is begun with children the easier it will   #
be for
them and their governours too. And that this ought to be        #
observd
as an inviolable maxime that what ever once is denied them      #
they are
certainly not to obteine by crying or importunity unlesse one   #
has
a minde to teach them to be impatient importunate and           #
troublesome
by rewarding them when they are soe.
   40. I advise you therefore if you intend ever to governe     #
your son
to begin it now. Let the rules you prescribe him and what you   #
say
<P 54>
be inviolably observed. If you will have him have the           #
obedience of
a son hereafter doe you be sure to keep and shew the authority  #
of
a father now, if you would have him stand in awe of you imprint
it presently, and as he approaches more to a man admit him      #
nearer
to your familiarity, so shall you have him your obedient        #
subject (as
is fit) whilst he is a child, and your affectionate freind      #
when he is
a man. For methinkes they misplace mightily the treatment due   #
to
their children who are indulgent and familiar when they are     #
litle,
but severe to them and keep a distance when they are grown up.
For liberty and indulgence can doe noe good to children, their  #
want
of judgment makes them stand in need of restraint and           #
discipline,
and on the contrary imperiousnesse and severity is but an ill   #
way
of treating of men who have reason of their owne to guide them,
unlesse you have a minde to make your children when grown up
weary of you and secretly to say dayly within themselves, when
will you die, father.
   41. I imagin every one will judg it reasonable that their    #
children 
when litle should looke upon their parents as their Lords,      #
their
absolute Governors, and as such stand in awe of them. And that
when they are grown up they should looke on them as their best
and their only sure freinds, and as such love and reverence     #
them.
The way I have mentiond, if I mistake not, is the only one to
obteine this, we must looke upon our children when grown up to  #
be
like to our selves, with the same passions, the same desires.   #
We would 
be thought rational creatures and have our freedome, we love    #
not to
be uneasy under the constant rebukes and browbeatings, the      #
severe
humors and great distance of those we converse with. Who ever   #
is
soe when he is a man will looke out other Company, other        #
freinds,
other conversation, with whom he can be at ease. If therefore a
strict hand be kept over children from the begining they will   #
in
<P 55>
that age be tractable and quietly submit to it, as never        #
haveing known
any other, and if as they grow up to the use of reason the      #
rigor of
government be as they deserve it gently relaxed, the fathers    #
brow be
more smoothed to them, and the distance by degrees abated, his
former restraints will increase their love when they finde it   #
was only
a kindenesse to them and a care to make them capable to         #
deserve the
favour of their parents and the esteeme of everybody else.
   42. Thus much for the method of your discipline in           #
generall. If
you thinke a strict hand at all is to be held upon children I   #
thinke
it should be most soe when they are youngest, from the time     #
they 
are capable of understanding any thing. Feare and awe ought to
give you the first power over their mindes, and Love and        #
Freindship
in riper years to hold it. For the time must come when they
will be past the rod and correction, and then if the Love of    #
you make
them not obedient and dutifull, if the Love of vertue and       #
reputation
keepe them not in laudible courses, I aske what hold will you   #
have
then upon them to turne them to it. Indeed feare of haveing a   #
scanty
portion if they displease you may make them slaves to your      #
estate,
but they will never the lesse be ill and wiked in private, and
that restraint will not last always. Every man must some time   #
or
other be trusted to himself and his own conduct, and he that    #
is a
good, a vertuous, an able man must be made soe within, and      #
therefore
what he is to receive from Education, what is to sway and       #
influence
his life, must be something put into him betimes, habits woven  #
into
the very principles of his nature, and not a counterfeit        #
carriage and
dissembled outside put on by feare only to avoid the present    #
anger
of a father who perhaps may disinherit him.
   43. This being laid downe in general as the method ought to  #
be
taken, tis fit we now come to particulars. I have spoke soe     #
much of
carrying a strict hand over children that perhaps I shall be    #
suspected
<P 56>
of not considering enough what is due to their tender ages and
constitutions, but that opinion will vanish when you have       #
heard me
a litle further. For I am very apt to thinke that great         #
severity of
punishment does but very litle good, nay great harme, in        #
Education,
and I beleive it will be found that (\caetris paribus\) those   #
children who
have been most chastised seldome make the best men. All that I  #
have
hitherto contended for is that whatsoever rigor is necessary    #
it is
more to be used the younger children are, and haveing by a due
application wrought its due effect is to be relaxd and changed  #
into
a milder sort of government. The first thing parents are to     #
doe is
to get an awe upon the mindes of their children and then by     #
that and
not by blowes to bring them to submit their will perfectly to   #
theirs.
   44. First then I would have children very seldome beaten.    #
Tis
to make slaves and not vertuous men to use them to be governd   #
by
the feare of the scourge, and to know noe other motive of their
actions, noe other rule of right and wrong but the cudgle. Two
faults and only two there be that I would have them whipd for   #
to
give them the greater abhorrence of them, and that is Lyeing    #
and
obstinacy or rebellion, and in these two I would have it        #
orderd soe 
that the shame of the whiping and not the pain should be the    #
greatest 
part of the punishment. Shame of doeing amisse and deserving
chastisement is the only true restraint belonging to vertue,    #
the smart
of a rod if shame accompanies it not soon weares out, and will
quickly by use loose its terror, and I have known the children  #
of
a person of quality kept in awe by the feare of haveing their   #
shoes
puld off, as much as others by apprehensions of a rod hangeing  #
over
<P 57>
them, and some such punishment I thinke better then beating,    #
for
tis shame of the fault and the disgrace that attends it that    #
they should
stand in feare of, rather then paine, if you would have them    #
have
a temper truely ingenuous. 
   45. A lie is so ill a quality and the mother of soe many     #
ill ones
that spawn from it and take shelter under it that I would have  #
a child
be bread up in the greatest abhorrence and detestation of it    #
imaginable.
It should be deeply imprinted on his minde that it is soe base
a thing, soe great a fault, that it is against all custome and  #
practise,
against common sense to pardon it in a gent(leman), and         #
therefor
it being a fault that none but tinkers and coblers, rogues and  #
beggerboys 
commit, he is not ever to expect impunity if he be ever guilty
of it.
   46. Another thing that will require punishment is            #
stubbornesse
and an obstinate disobedience. Whatever particular action you   #
bid
him at present doe or forbeare you must be sure to see yourself
obeyd. Noe quarter in this case, noe resistance, for when it    #
once
come to be a triall of skill and contest for mastery (as if     #
you command
and he refuses it is) between you you must be sure to carry it
whatever blows it cost, if a nod or words will not prevaile;    #
unlesse
for ever after you intend to live in obedience to your son.     #
But here
lies the difference between these two faults and the ways of    #
reforming
them. A lie unlesse it be very grosse you need not always       #
seeme to
take notice of, and soe trye to give him an abhorrence of it    #
by 
gentler ways, but obstinancy being an open defiance you cannot  #
overlooke,
and since the occasions of punishment, espetially beating,
are as much to be avoided as may be, I would not have it often
brought to this point. If the awe I spoke of be once got, a     #
looke
will be sufficient in most cases, nor indeed should the same    #
carriage
be expected from young children as from those of riper years.   #
They
<P 58>
must be permitted the foolish and childish actions suitable to  #
their 
ages without takeing notice of them. I thinke the severity I    #
spoke
of is not to extend itself to such an unseasonable restraint.   #
Keep
them from vice and vicious dispositions and such a kinde of     #
behaviour
in generall will come with every degree of their age as is      #
suitable
to that age and the company they ordinarily converse with. But
that your words may always carry weight and authority with      #
them,
if it shall happen upon any occasion that you bid him leave     #
off the
doeing of any even childish thing you must be sure to carry the
point and not let him have the mastery. But yet I say I would   #
have
the father seldome interpose his authority and command in       #
these cases.
I thinke there are better ways of prevailing with them, and a
gentle perswasion and reasoning (when the first point of        #
submission
to your will is got) will most times doe much better. You will  #
perhaps
wonder to finde me mention reasoning with children, and yet
I cannot but thinke that the true way of dealing with them.     #
They
understand it as early  as they doe language, and if I          #
misobserve not
they love to be treated as rational creatures sooner then is    #
imagind.
Tis a pride should be cherishd in them and, as much as can be,
made the great instrument to traine them by.
   47. It may be doubted concerning whiping, when as the last
remedy it comes to be necessary, at what time and by whom it
should be donne, whether presently upon the commiting of the    #
fault
whilst it is yet fresh and hot, and whether the parents         #
themselves
should beat their children. As to the first I thinke it should  #
not be
donne presently, least passion mingle with it, and soe though   #
it
exceed the just proportion yet it loose the authority, for      #
even children
discerne when we doe things in passion, but as I said before
that has most weight with them that appeares sedately to come   #
from
their parents reason, and they are not without this             #
destinction. Next
<P 59>
if you have any discreet servant capable of it and has the      #
place of
governing your childe I thinke it is best the smart should come
more immediately from another hand though by the parents order,
who should see it donne, whereby the parents authority will be
preservd and the childs aversion for the pain it suffers be     #
rather 
turned on the person that immediately inflicts it. For I would  #
have
a father seldome stricke his childe but upon very urgent        #
necessity
and as the last remedy, and then perhaps it will be fit to doe  #
it soe
that the childe should not quickly forget it. But as I said     #
before
beating is the worst and therefore the last meanes to be used   #
in the
correction of children, and therefore never but in cases of     #
extremitys
and that very very seldome. 



<B CEEDUC3B>
<Q E3 IS EDUC HOOLE>
<N TEACHING SCHOOL>
<A HOOLE CHARLES>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T EDUC TREAT>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U PROF>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR SEC>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^HOOLE, CHARLES.
A NEW DISCOVERY OF THE OLD ART
OF TEACHING SCHOOLE (1660).
ENGLISH LINGUISTICS 1500-1800, 133.
ED. R. C. ALSTON (FACSIMILE).
MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS LIMITED, 1969.
PP. 1.1   - 11.6    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 23.19 - 28.9    (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 213.1 - 228.5   (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1>
[}CHAP. I.}]

[}HOW A CHILDE MAY BE HELPED IN THE FIRST PRONOUNCIATION
OF HIS LETTERS.}]

   My aim being to discover the old
Art of teaching Schoole, and
how it may be improved in
every part suteable to the
years and capacities of such
children as are now commonly taught;
I shall first begin my discourse concerning
a petty-Schoole, & here or else where
I shall not busie my self or Reader about
what a childe of an extraordinary towardliness,
and having a teacher at
home, may attain unto, and in how
short a space, but onely shew how a multitude
of various wits may be taught all
together with abundance of profit and
delight to every one, w=ch= is the proper
and main work of our ordinary Schooles.
   Whereas then, it is usual in Cities and
<P 2>
greater Towns to put children to Schoole
about four or five years of age, and in
Country villages, because of further distance,
not till about six or seven; I conceive,
(^The sooner a child is put to School, the
better it is^) , both to prevent ill habits, which
are got by play and idleness, and to enure
him betimes to affect learning and well
doing. Not to say, how the great uncertainty
of parents lives, should make
them careful of their Childrens early education,
which is like to be the best
part of their patrimony, what ever good
thing else they may leave them in this
World.
   I observe that betwixt three and four
years of age a childe hath great propensity
to peep into a book, and then
is the most seasonable time (if conveniences
may be had otherwise) for him
to begin to learn; and though perhaps
then he cannot speak so very distinctly,
yet the often pronounciation
of his letters, will be a means to
help his speech, especially if one take notice
in what organ or instrument he is
most defective, and exercise him chiefly
in those letters which belong unto it.
   Now there are five organs or instruments
of speech, in the right hitting of
which, as the breath moveth from within, 
<P 3>
through the mouth, a true pronunciation
of every letter is made, viz.
the lips, the teeth, the tongue, the roof
of the mouth, and the throat; According
to which if one rank the twenty four
letters of our (^English^) Alphabet, he shall
find that (^A, E, I, O, V,^) proceed by degrees
from the throat, along betwixt the
tongue and the roof of the mouth to the
lips contracted, and that (^Y^) is somewhat
like (^I^) , being pronounced with other letters,
but if it be named by it self, it requireth 
some motion of the lips. (^B, F, M,
P, W^) , and (^V^) consonant, belong to
the lips. (^C, S, X, Z,^) to the teeth. (^D, L,
N, T, R,^) to the tongue. (^B, H, K, Q,^)
to the roof of the mouth. But the sweet
and natural pronunciation of them is
gotten rather by imitation then precept,
and therefore the teacher must be careful
to give every letter its distinct and
clear sound, that the childe may get it
from his voice, and be sure to make the
child open his mouth well as he uttereth
a letter, lest otherwise he drown or
hinder the sound of it. For I have
heard some foreiners to blame us (^English-men^)
for neglecting this mean to a
plain and audible speaking, saying, that
the cause, why we generally do not speak
so fully as they, proceeded from an ill
<P 4>
habit of mumbling, which children got
at their first learning to read; which it
was their care; therfore to prevent or remedy
betimes, and so it should be ours,
seeing (^Pronounciation is that that sets out a
man, and is sufficient of it self to make one an
Oratour^) .

[}CHAP II.}]

[}HOW A CHILDE MAY BE TAUGHT WITH DELIGHT TO
KNOW ALL HIS LETTERS IN A VERY LITTLE TIME.}]

   The usual way to begin with a child,
when he is first brought to Schoole,
is to teach him to know his letters in the
Horn-book, where he is made to run over
all the letters in the Alphabet or
Christ-cross-row both forwards & backwards, 
until he can tel any one of them,
which is pointed at, and that in the (^English^)
character.
   This course we see hath been very effectual
in a short time, with some more
ripe witted children, but othres of a
slower apprehension (as the most and
best commonly are) have been thus
learning a whole year together, (and
though they have been much chid and
beaten too for want of heed) could scarce
<P 5>
tell six of their letters at twelve moneths
end, who, if they had been taught in a
way more agreeable to their meane
apprehensions (w=ch= might have wrought
more readily upon the senses, and affected
their mindes with what they did)
would doubtlesse have learned as cheerfully, 
if not as fast as the quickest.
   I shall therefore mention sundry ways
that have been taken to make a childe
know his letters readily, out of which
the discreet Teacher may chuse what is
most likely to suit his Learner.
   I have known some that (according
to (^Mr. Brinsley's^) direction) have taught little
ones to pronounce all the letters, and
to spell pretty well, before they knew
one letter in a book; and this they did,
by making the childe to sound the five
vowels (^a, e, i, o, u,^) like so many bells upon
his fingers ends, and to say which
finger was such or such a vowel, by changes.
2 Then putting single consonants
before the vowels, (leaving the hardest
of them till the last) and teaching him
how to utter them both at once, as (^va, ve,
vi, vo, vu, da, de, di, do, du.^) 3. and again,
by putting the vowels before a 
consonant to make him say, (^as, es, is, os,
us, ad, ed, id, od, ud.^) Thus; they have proceeded
from syllables of two or three; or
<P 6>
more letters, till a child hath been pretty
nimble in the most. But this is rather
to be done in a private house, then a
publick Schoole; how ever this manner
of exercise now and then amongst little
Scholars will make their lessons more familiar
to them.
   (^The greatest trouble at the first entrance
of children is to teach them how
to know their letters one from another,
when they see them in the book altogether^) ;
for the greatnesse of their number
and variety of shape do puzle young wits
to difference them, and the sence can
but be intent upon one single object at
once, so as to take its impression, and
commit it to the imagination and memory.
Some have therefore begun but
with one single letter, and after they
have shewed it to the childe in the Alphabet,
have made him to finde the same any
where else in the book, till he knew that
perfectly; and then they have proceeded
to another in like manner, and so
gone through the rest.
   Some have contrived a piece of ivory
with twenty four flats or squares, in every 
one of which was engraven a several
letter, and by playing with a childe in
throwing this upon a table, and shewing
him the letter onely which lay uppermost,
<P 7>
have in few dayes taught him the whole
Alphabet.
   Some have got twenty four pieces of
ivory cut in the shape of dice, with a letter
engraven upon each of them, and
with these they have played at vacant
hours with a childe, till he hath known
them all distinctly. They begin first with
one, then with two, afterwards with
more letters at once, as the childe got
knowledge of them. To teach him likewise
to spell, they would place consonants
before or after a vowel, and then
joyn more letters together so as to make
a word, and sometimes divide it into syllables,
to be parted or put together; now
this kind of letter sport may be profitably
permitted among you beginers in a School
& in stead of ivory, they may have white
bits of wood, or small shreads of paper
or past-board, or parchment with a
letter writ upon each to play withall amongst
themselves.
   Some have made pictures in a little book
or upon a scroll of paper wrapt upon
two sticks within a box of iceing-glass,
and by each picture have made three sorts
of that letter, with which its name beginneth;
but those being too many at
once for a childe to take notice on, have
proved not so useful as was intended.
<P 8>
Some likewise have had pictures and letters 
printed in this manner on the back
side of a pack of cards, to entice children,
that naturally love that sport, to the love
of learning their books.
   Some have writ a letter in a great character
upon a card, or chalked it out upon 
a trencher, and by telling a child
what it was, and letting him strive to
make the like, have imprinted it quickly
in his memory, and so the rest one
after another.
   One having a Son of two years and a
half old, that could but even go about
the house, and utter some few gibberish
words in a broken manner; observing
him one day above the rest to be
busied about shells, and sticks, and such
like toys, which himself had laid together
in a chair, and to misse any one that
was taken from him, he saw not how, and
to seek for it about the house; became
very desireous to make experiment what
that childe might presently attain to in
point of learning; Thereupon he devised
a little wheel, with all the Capital
Romane letters made upon a paper to
wrap round about it, and fitted it to turn
in little a round box, which had a hole so
made in the side of it, that onely one letter
might be seen to peep out at once;
<P 9>
This he brought to the childe, & showed
him onely the letter O, and told him
what it was; The childe being overjoyed
with his new gamball, catcheth the
box out of his Fathers hand, and run's
with it to his playfellow a year younger
then himself, and in his broken language
tell's him there was an O, an O; And
when the other asked him where, he
said, in a hole, in a hole, and  shewed
it him; which the lesser childe then took
such notice of, as to know it againe ever
after from all the other letters. And
thus by playing with the box, and enquiring
concerning any letter that appeared
strange to him, what it was, the
childe learnt all the letters of the Alphabet
in eleven dayes, being in this Character 
(^A B C^) , and would take pleasure
to shew them in any book to any of his
acquaintance that came next. By this
instance you may see what a propensity
there is in nature betimes to learning,
could but the Teachers apply themselves
to their young Scholars tenuity;
and how by proceeding in a cleare & facil
method, that all may apprehend, every
one may benefit more or less by degrees.
According to these contrivances to forward
children, I have published (^a New
Primar^) ; in the first leafe, whereof I have
<P 10>
set the Roman Capitalls (because that
Character is now most in use, & those letters 
the most easie to be learn't) and have
joyned therewith the pictures or images
of some things whose names begins with
that letter, by which a childs memory
may be helped to remember how to call
his letters; as A, for an Ape, B. for a
Bear, &c. This Hieroglyphicall devise
doth so affect Children (who are generally
forward to communicate what they 
know) that I have observed them to
teach others, that could not so readily
learn, to know all the letters in a few
houres space, by asking them, what
stands A. for? and so concerning other
letters backwards and forwards, or as
they best liked.
   Thus when a childe hath got the names
of his letters, & their several shapes withall
in a playing manner, he may be easily 
taught to distinguish them in the following 
leaf, which containeth first the
greater, and then the smaller Roman
Characters, to be learned by five at
once or more, as the childe is able to remember
them; other Characters I would
have forborn, till one be well acquainted
with these, because so much variety
at the first doth but amaze young
wits, and our English characters, (for
<P 11>
the most part) are very obscure, & more
hard to be imprinted in the memory.
And thus much for the learning to know
letters; we shall next (and according to
Order in Teaching) proceed to an easie
way of distinct spelling. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 23>
[}CHAP. V.}]

[}WHEREIN CHILDREN, FOR WHOM THE LATINE TONGUE
IS THOUGHT TO BE UNNECESSARY, ARE TO BE EMPLOYED
AFTER THEY CAN READ ENGLISH WELL.}]  

   It is a fond conceit of many, that
have either not attained, or by their
<P 24>
own negligence have utterly lost the use
of the Latine Tongue, to think it altogether
unnecessary for such children to
learn it, as are intended for Trades, or
to be kept as drudges at home, or employed
about husbandry. For first there
are few children, but (in their playing-years,
and before they can be capable of
any serious employment in the meanest
calling that is) may be so far grounded
in the Latine, as to finde that little
smattering they have of it, to be of singular
use to them, both for the understanding 
of the English Authors (which
abound now a dayes with borrowed
words) and the holding discourse with
a sort of men that delight to flant it in
Latine.
   Secondly, Besides I have heard it
spoken to the great commendation of 
some Countries, where care is had for
the well education of children, that every
Peasant (almost) is able to discourse
with a stranger in the Latine tongue; and
why may not we here in (^England^) obtain
the like praise, if we did but as they,
continue our children at the Latine
Schoole, till they be well acquainted
with that language, and thereby better
fitted for any calling.
<P 25>
   Thirdly, And I am sorry to adde, that
the non-improvement of childrens time
after they can read English any whit
well, throweth open a gap to all loose
kinde of behaviour; for being then (as
it is too commonly to be seen, especially
with the poorer sort) taken from the
Schoole, and permitted to run wildeing
up and down without any control, they
adventure to commit all manner of
lewdnesse, and so become a shame and
dishonour to their Friends and Countrey.
   If these or the like reasons therefore
might prevail to perswade them that
have a prejudice against Latine, I would
advise that all children might be put to
the Grammar-Schoole, so soon as they
can read English well; and suffered to
continue at it, till some honest calling
invite them thence; but if not, I would
wish them rather to forbear it; then to
become there an hinderance to others,
whose work it is to learn that profitable
Language. And that they may not
squander away their time in idleness, it
were good if they were put to a Writing-Schoole,
where they might be, First
helped to keep their English, by reading
of a chapter (at least) once a day; and
<P 26>
second. taught to write a fair hand; and
thirdly afterwards exercised in Arithmatique,
and such preparative Arts, as
may make them compleatly fit to undergoe 
any ordinary calling. And being
thus trained up in a way of discipline,
they will afterwards prove more
easily plyable to their Masters 
commands.
   Now, forasmuch as few Grammar-Schooles
of note will admit children into 
them, till they have learn't their Accidents;
the teaching of that book, also becometh 
for the most part a work for a Petty-Schoole,
where many that undertake
to teach it, being altogether ignorant of
the Latine Tongue, do sorrily performe
that taske, and spend a great deal of time
about it to little or no purpose. I would
have that book, therefore by such let alone,
and left to the Grammar-School, as
most fitting to be taught there onely, because 
it is intended as an introduction
of Grammar, to guide children in a
way of reading; writing, and speaking
Latine, and the Teachers of the Grammar-Art
are most deeply concerned to
make use of it for that end. And in stead
of the Accidents, which they do neither
understand nor profit by, they may be
<P 27>
benefitted in reading Orthodoxal Catechismes
and other Books, that may instruct 
them in the Duties of a Christian,
such as are (^The Practise of Piety, The Practise
of Quietnesse, The whole duty of Man^) ;
and afterwards in other delightful books
of English History; as, (^The History of
Queen Elizabeth^) ; or Poetry, as (^Herberts
Poems, Quarl's Emblems^) ; and by this
means they will gain such a habit and
delight in reading, as to make it their
chief recreation, when liberty is afforded
them. And their acquaintance with
good books will (by Gods blessing) be
a means so to sweeten their (otherwise
sowr) natures, that they may live comfortably
towards themselves, and amiably
converse with other persons.
   Yet if the Teacher of a Petty-Schoole
have a pretty understanding of the Latine
Tongue, he may the better adventure
to teach the Accidents, and proceed
in so doing with far more ease and profit
to himself and learner, if he observe a
sure method of grounding his children
in the Rudiments of Grammar, and preparing
them to speak and write familiar
Latine, which I shall hereafter discover,
having first set down somewhat how to
remedy that defect in reading English,
<P 28>
with which the Grammar-Schooles are
very much troubled, especially, where
there is not a good Petty-Schoole to discharge
that work afore-hand. And before 
I proceed further, I will expresse my 
minde in the two next chapters touching
the erecting of a Petty-Schoole, and
how it may probably flourish by good
Order and Discipline. 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 213>
[}CHAP. 1.}]

[}OF THE FOUNDING OF A 
GRAMMAR-SCHOOLE.}]

   The most of the (^Grammar Schools^)
which I have yet taken notice
of in (^England^) , are (^of two sorts^) ;
   The first I may call (^mixt
Schooles^) , where a structure is
made, and an allowance given of ten,
twenty, or thirty pounds (\per annum\)
onely to one man to teach children
freely, that inhabit within the precincts
of one Parish, or of three or four
neigbouring Hamlets, adjoyning. And
such Schooles as these very seldom or
never improve Scholars further, then to
teach them to read and write, and
learne some little (they know not what
it meaneth) in the common Grammar;
partly because the Master is overburdened
with too many petty Scholars, and
partly because many parents will not
spare their children to learne, if they
<P 214>
can but finde them any employment about
their domestick or rureall affairs,
whereby they may save a penny. In
some places more populous, an allowance
is made to a Master of about twenpounds
(\per annum\) to attend Grammarians
onely, and ten pounds to an Usher,
whose work it is to teach the Petties: in
such Schooles as these, I have knowne
some boyes more pregnant witted then
the rest, to have proved very good
Grammarians, and to have profited so
in the Latine and Greek Tongues, as to
come to good maturity in University
studies, by a Tutors guidance. But the
Masters of such Schooles for the most
part, either weaken their bodies by excessive 
toyle, and so shorten their dayes;
or as (soon as they can fit themselves
for a more easie profession, or obtain a
more profitable place) after a few years
quit their Schoole, and leave their Scholars
to anothers charge, that either hath
his method to seek, or else traines
them up in another, quite different from
that which they had been used to. And
thus thorow the change of Masters the
Scholars are either dispersed, or hindered
from going on with that alacrity and
profit, which otherwise they might.
<P 215>
   The second sort of (^Schooles^) are those
which are (^purely Grammatical^) , being especially
conversant in teaching the Art of
Grammar. Now some of these have
yearely salaries for a Master and one
Usher, where the Master is employed in
perfecting those Scholars, which the
Usher hath already grounded. And many 
of these Schooles, (especially if they
be situate in places where accommodation
is to be had for Tabling) do happily
train up many Scholars, which about
sixteen or seventeen years of age, are fit
to be sent to the University. But in regard
there is no preferment attending these
Schooles, the most pregnant witted
children are commonly taken thence,
after they are well grounded, and disposed
on to other places, where they
may gain it. So that of all others our
(^collegiate Schooles^) or those that come nearest
them, have the greatest advantage
of making most Scholars. For these
having commonly large revenues belonging
to them, do not onely provide
sufficiently for a Master and one
Usher at lest, but also for a certaine
number of Scholars, which being for
the most part the choycest wits, pickt
out of other Schooles, and such as depend
<P 216>
upon hopes of advancement, do
industriously bestirre themselves to attain
what learning they can, and submit
themselves orderly to such Discipline
as is there exercised. But forasmuch
as these greater Schooles rather
intend the forwarding of such children
as are already grounded, then busie
themselves about meere Rudiments; it
causeth many parents to disperse their
little ones abroad to Tabling-Schooles,
where (for the most part) there is but
one man to teach a few promiscuously
hand-over-head, without any setled
Method, and these changing and removing
ever and anon, as cause is offered,
do seldome attain any stable proficiencie
in Grammar-learning. Yet in
some of these, where an able Schoole-Master
is well seated, and provided with
all fitting accommodations, so as to
entertain many Gentlemens sonnes of
good quality, and an able Usher to assist
him in Teaching, I have observed
children to make double profiting, in
respect of other Schooles, because they
have the advantage to spend much of
that time at their bookes, which others 
trifle away, in running up and down
about home; not to say, that the constant
<P 217>
eye of the Master is an especiall
means to regulate them in point of 
behaviour.
   Now comparing all the Schooles
which we have in (^England^) , with some
that I read of in other countries, (that
I may speak freely, and without offence
to any man, submitting my self herein
also to the judgement of those of my
Profession) I do not know one that is
so compleated, as (perhaps) many might
easily be, with all necessary accommodations,
and advantages to improve
children to what they are capable of,
in their playing years, and wherein we
evidently see, how many places of education
beyond the Seas, do quite outstrip
us.
   And therefore from what I have heretofore
read in (^Mr. Mulcasters Positions
concerning the training up of children, in ch.
40.^) (which he writ when he had been
twenty years Schoole-master at (^Merchant
Tailors Schoole^) , which was erected 1561.
being afterwards head Master of (^Pauls^) , in
1600.) and what I have been informed
touching Mr. (^Farnabies^) improvement of 
a private Grammar Schoole in (^Gold-Smiths
Alley^) , now called (^New street^) , also
(^Jewen Street^) ; and what I my self have
<P 218>
experienced for about fourteen years together,
both in that place, and in (^Lothbury
Garden^) , I am induced to think, that it
is a matter very feaseable to raise many of
our Grammar-Schooles to a far higher
pitch of learning, then is ordinarily yet
attained to in (^England^) . For whereas in most
of our Grammar-Schooles (as I have noted)
there is but one, two, or three Ushers
besides a Master, imployed in teaching
the Latine and Greek Tongues, and some
smattering of the Hebrew, together in one
room, to six or seven Forms of Scholars,
who by reason of the noise of one another,
(not to mention the clamour of children)
and the multiplicity of their Work,
with several boyes in each Form, do both
over-tire themselves, and many times
leave things to the halves; I conceive a
course may be taken (especially) in Cities,
and Townes of greater concourse, to
teach a great multitude of Scholars (as
(^Corderius^) professeth to have taught 500.
and I have been informed, that in some
places beyond Seas, 2500. are taught in one
Schoole) without any noise, in a pleasing &
profiting manner, & in their playing years;
not onely the English, Latine, and Greek
Tongues, (together with the Duties of Piety,
and civil behaviour) but also the Easterne,
<P 219>
and other needful forreign Languages, [^SOURCE TEXT:            #
Languaguages^]
besides fair writing, Arithmetick,
Musick, and other Preparatory Arts
and Sciences, which are most obvious to
the Senses; and whereof their younger
yeares are very capable; that thereby
they may be throughly fitted for ingenuous
Trades, or to prosecute higher studies
in the Universities, and so be able (when
they come to mans estate) to undertake
the due management of private or publick
Affaires, either at home, or in other
countries.
   He that shall but consider the low ebbe
that learning was brought to (by reason
of the Danish barbarisme) in (^England^) ,
in King (^Alfred's^) dayes, who could not
finde a Master in all his dominions, to
teach him the Latine Tongue, (which he
began to learn at thirty six years of age,
having begun to read English at twelve,
which his elder brethren, because less studious,
could not attain to) and the paucity
of them that understood Greek, not much
above threescore yeares agoe, when a Scholar
yet living of thirteen years old from
the Schoole, was owned as a better Grecian,
then most of the Fellowes of the
Colledge to which he went; he that, I
say, shall consider the former rareness of
<P 220>
the Latine and Greek Tongues in (^England^) ,
and now see how common they are
(especially since Queen (^Elizabeths^) dayes,
in whose time, more Schooles were
built, then there were before in all her
Realm) and withall, take notice what an
excellent improvement that noble-spirited
Mr. (^Busbie^) hath of late made at (^Westminster^)
Schoole, where the Easterne Languages are
now become familiar to the highest sort
of Scholars, will undoubtedly think (as I
do) that our children may be brought on
to far more knowledge of Language and
things, then hitherto they have been, and
that also in a more easie manner.
   And forasmuch as I observe it as a
great Act of Gods mercy towards his
Church, that, in this jangling age of ours,
wherein too many decry learning, he hath
raised up the Spirit of some, that know
better what it is, to endeavour heartily to
advance it, I shall here addresse my words
to such whosoever they are, but more especially
to the Honourable and Reverend
Trustees for the maintenance of Students.
And as before I have hinted somewhat
touching the erecting of Petty-Schooles
(whereof there is great need, especially) in
(^London^) ; so I will here presume (and I hope
it will prove no offence) to publish what I
<P 221>
have often seriously thought, and sometimes
spoken with some mens approbation,
touching the most convenient founding
of a Grammar-Schoole; that if it shall
please God to stirre up any mans spirit to
perform so pious a Work, he may do it,
to the best advantage for the improvement
of Piety and learning. For when I see in
many places of this land, what vast summes
have been expended (even of late) in erecting
stately houses, and fencing large parcels
of ground for Orchards and Gardens,
and the like; and how destitute for the
most part they stand, and remain without
inhabitants; I am too too apt to think, that
those persons which have undergone so
great a charge, to so little purpose, would
willingly have disbursed as much money
upon a publick good, did they but rightly
know how to do it; since thereby their
name and memory will be more preserved;
especially, if they have no children
or posterity of their own to provide
for.
   But to return to the contrivance of a 
Schoole, which is to be in many things
(as I have mentioned) above the ordinary
way of Schooling, yet gradually distant
from, and subordinate to University Colledges,
which would thence also take a
<P 222>
further rise towards perfection in all kinds
of Study and Action, For the better grounded
a Scholar is in the principles of useful
matters, when he comes to the University,
the greater progress he will make there in
their superstructures, which require more
search and meditation; so that at last he
will be able to discover many particulars,
which have not yet been found out by others,
who (perhaps) have not gone so rationally
to work, as he may do, having
obtained the whole (^Ensyclopaedia^) of learning,
to help him in all sorts of Books.
   Such a Schoole then as may be fit for
the education of all sorts of children (for
we have seen the very poorest to have come
to dignities of preferment by being learned)
should be situated in a City or Town
of great concourse and trading, whose
inhabitants are generally addicted, and
sufficiently accommodated to entertain
Tablers, and are unanimously well-affected
towards Piety, Learning, and Vertue.
The place should be healthfully and
pleasantly seated in a plentifull country,
where the wayes on all sides are most
commonly faire, and convenient passage
to be had from remoter parts, both by
land and by water.
   The Schoole-house should be a large
<P 223>
and stately building, placed by it selfe
about the middle of the outside of a Town,
as near as may be to the Church, and not
far from the fields, where it may stand in
a good aire, and be free from all annoyances.
It should have a large piece of
ground adjoyning to it, which should be
divided into a paved Court to go round
about the Schoole, a faire Orchard and
Garden, with Walks and Arbors, and a
spacious green close for Scholars recreations;
and to shelter the Scholars against
rainy weather, and that they may not injure
the Schoole in times of play, it were
good if some part of the Court were sheded,
or cloystered over.
   This Schoole-house should be built
three stories high, whereof the middlemost,
for more freedome of the aire, should
be the highest above-head, and so spacious
that it may contain (at least) 500. Scholars
together, without thronging one another. 
It should be so contrived with
folding doors made betwixt every Form,
as that upon occasion it may be all laid
open into one roome, or parted into six,
for more privacie of hearing every Form
without noyse, or hinderance one of
another. There should be seats made in
the Schoole, with Deskes before them,
<P 224>
whereon every Scholar may write, and
lay his book, and these should be so placed,
that a good space may be left in the
middle of the Schoole, so as six men a
breast may walk up and down from Form
to Form. The Ushers Pucs should be set
at the head ends of every Form, so as they
may best see and hear every particular
boy. And the Masters Chaire should be so
raised at the upper end of the Schoole, as
that he may be able to have every Scholar
in his eye, and to be heard of all, when he
hath occasion to give any common charge,
or instruction. There may be shelves
made round about the Schoole, and boxes
for every Scholar to put his books in, and
pins whereon they may hang their hats;
that they be not trodden (as is usual) under
feet. Likewise every Form should
have a Repository near unto it, wherein to
lay such Subsidiary books as are most proper
for its use. The lowest story may be divided
into several rooms, proportioned according
to the uses for which they are intended,
whereof one should be for a writing-Schoole,
another for such Languages
as are to be taught at spare houres; and
a third as a Petty-Schoole for such children
as cannot read English perfectly, and
are intended for the Grammar-Schoole.
<P 225>
A fourth room may be reserved for laying
in wood and coales, and the rest made use
on for Ushers or Scholars to lodge in, or the
like occasion, as the Master shall think best
to dispose of them to the furtherance of 
his Schoole. In the uppermost story, there
should be a faire pleasant Gallery wherein
to hang Maps, and set Globes, and to lay
up such rarities as can be gotten in presses,
or drawers, that the Scholars may know
them. There should likewise be a place
provided for a School-Library, and the rest
may be made use of as Lodging roomes,
for Ushers and Scholars. But the whole
Fabrick should be so contrived, that there
may be sufficient lights and chimneys to
every Form and roome. As for an house
of Office, it should be made a good distance
from the Schoole, in some corner of
the close, where it may be most out of
sight, and least offensive.
   The Masters dwelling-house should be
nigh the Schoole, and should contain in it
all sorts of roomes convenient for entertainment
and lodging, and necessary offices
that pertain to a great family. It
should have a handsome Court before it,
and a large yard behind it, with an Orchard 
and Garden, and some inclosure of 
pasture ground. And there should be two
<P 226>
or three roomes made a little remote from
the dwelling house, to which Scholars
may be removed and kept apart, in case
they be sick, and have some body there to
look to them.
   Now that every Scholar may be improved
to the utmost of what he is capable,
the whole Grammar Schoole should
be divided into six Forms, and those placed
orderly in one roome, which (as I
have described) may be so divided into
six, that the noyse of one form may not
at all disturb or hinder another. There
should also be six able Ushers, for every particular
form one, whose work should be to
teach the Scholars according to the method
appointed by the Master, and (that
every one may profit in what he learneth)
to be sure to have respect to the weakest,
and afford them the most help.
   The Master should not be tyed (as is
ordinary) to a double work, both to
teach a main part of the Schoole himselfe,
and to have the inspection and government
over all; but his chief care should be
(and it wil be businesse enough for one) to
prescribe Taskes, and to examine the
Scholars in every form, how they profit,
and to see that all exercises be duely performed,
and good order constantly observed,
<P 227>
and that every Usher be dexterous
and diligent in his charge, and moderate
in executing such correction, as is necessary
at any time to be inflicted for vitious
enormities, but seldome or never, for errours
committed at their Books.
   As for the maintenance of such a School,
it should be so liberal, that both Master
and Ushers may think their places to be
preferment sufficient, & not to be enforced
to look for further elsewhere, or to direct
their spare houres studies towards other
Callings. It were to be wished therefore,
that a constant Salary of (at least) 100 +L.
(\per annum\) might be allowed to the Master,
and 30 +L. 40 +L. 50 +L. 60. 70 +L. 80 +L. (\per annum\)
to his six Ushers. The raising of
which maintenance, (to use Mr. (^Mulcasters^)
words) as it will require a good minde,
and no meane purse; so it needs neither the
conference of a countrey, nor yet the Revenue
of a Romane Emperour. Besides, the 
Master for his encouragement, should have
liberty to make what benefit he can by
tabling in strangers; and every of the abler
sort of inhabitants in the Town, should
pay him (at least) 10.s (^per^) quarter, for a
sons teaching, but all the poorer children
should be taught (^gratis^) , on condition they
be sent constantly to the Schoole, and that
<P 228>
their Parents do engage they shall keep
good order, and be cleanly and neat in
their apparel; that they may not seem to
disgrace their fellowes, or to be disdained
by them for their poverty. 



<B CEBOETH3>
<Q E3 XX PHILO BOETHPR>
<N BOETH3 PRESTON>
<A PRESTON VISCOUNT>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PHILOSOPHY> 
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I X>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>

[^PRESTON, RICHARD LORD VISCOUNT.
TEXT: BOETHIUS.
ANICIUS MANLIUS SEVERINUS BOETIUS,
OF THE CONSOLATION OF PHILOSOPHY.
IN FIVE BOOKS. 
MADE ENGLISH AND ILLUSTRATED WITH NOTES,
BY THE RIGHT HONOURABLE 
RICHARD LORD VISCOUNT PRESTON. 
LONDON, PRINTED BY J. D. FOR AWNSHAM 
AND JOHN CHURCHILL, AT THE BLACK SWAN 
IN PATER-NOSTER ROW; AND FRANCIS HILDYARD 
BOOKSELLER IN YORK, 1695.  
PP. 124.1  - 129.5       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 133.15 - 140.4       (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 141.17 - 147.15      (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 177.7  - 185.19      (SAMPLE 4)
PP. 190.1  - 201.15      (SAMPLE 5)^]


<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 124>

[}PROSA IX.}]
   Let it suffice that I have hitherto described
the Form of counterfeit Happiness: So
that if thou considerest well, my Method will
lead me to give to thee a perfect Draught of the
true. (^Boet.^) I now see plainly that Men cannot
arrive at a full Satisfaction by Riches, nor at
Power by enjoying Principalities or Kingdoms,
nor at Esteem and Reverence by the Accession
of Dignities, nor at Nobility by Glory, nor at
true Joy by carnal Pleasures. (^Ph.^) Thou sayest
well, but knowest thou the Causes of all these?
(^Bo.^) I perceive them by the small Light I can afford
to my self, but I should be very glad to
know them more fully from thee. (^Ph.^) The
Reason is most obvious, for humane Error doth
separate and divide that which is simple, and
by Nature indivisible, and doth transport it
from that which is true and perfect to their
contrary. Let me ask thee, can that, dost thou
think, which needeth nothing want Power?
(^Bo.^) No, I am not of that Opinion. (^Ph.^) Thou
thinkest right indeed; for if there be any thing
which, upon any occasion of Performance, doth
shew a Weakness or want of Power, it must,
as to that, necessarily need foreign Aid. (^Bo.^) So
it is. (^Ph.^) And therefore Sufficiency and Power
are of one Nature. (^Bo.^) So it truly seems.
<P 125>
(^Ph.^) And thinkest thou that things of this kind
are to be undervalued and contemn'd, or rather
to be reverenced of all? (^Bo.^) They are doubtless
worthy of Reverence. (^Ph.^) Let us then
add to Sufficiency and Power Reverence, and
so then judg of these three as one. (^Bo.^) Let us
join them then, because the Truth must be confess'd.
(^Ph.^) What dost thou think then? Is 
that an obscure and ignoble thing which is
grac'd with these three great Attributes of Self-sufficiency,
Power and Reverence, or otherways
is it noble and worthy of Fame? Consider
then, as we have granted before, that he
who wants Gifts of Fortune; who is most powerful,
and most worthy of Renown, if he, I
say, want Fame, which he cannot give to himself,
he may on that hand, in some measure,
seem more weak and abject. (^Bo.^) I cannot indeed
deny it, but aver as it is, that Renown attends
the aforesaid things. (^Ph.^) Then by consequence
Renown differs nothing from the three
above-mention'd Attributes. (^Bo.^) I grant it.
(^Ph.^) Must not then that thing which wants not
the Help of another, which can by its own
Strength perform every thing which is famous
and reverend, of necessity be joyful also, and
always pleasant? (^Bo.^) I cannot indeed well comprehend
how any Grief or Trouble can possess
the Breast of one in those Circumstances.
(^Ph.^) Then we may well grant that such are always
<P 126>
in a State of Joy, if what I have said be
true. And then may we also grant Self-sufficiency,
Power, Nobility, Reverence and Pleasure,
do differ only in Name, but not in Essence
or Substance. (^Bo.^) It is necessarily so. (^Ph.^) Then
therefore that which is one simple Nature is
torn violently asunder by the Pravity of Men;
and whilst they endeavour for a part of a thing
which wants Parts, they neither get that Part,
nor the entire thing which they so much desire.
(^Bo.^) How can that be? (^Ph.^) Why thus; He
who in amassing Riches proposeth only to himself
the end of avoiding Poverty, is no way solicitous
to obtain Power; he had rather be unknown
and obscure, and chuseth rather to
withdraw from himself many natural Pleasures,
than run the hazard of losing that Money
which he hath gathered. But surely such an
one by this means doth not purchase Self-sufficiency,
when he loseth Power, when he is
prick'd with Trouble, when his sordid Ways
make him be looked upon as an Out-cast, when
he is hidden in Obscurity. If we come to the
Person who only aims at Power, he squanders
away Riches, he despiseth Pleasures, he slights
Honour which is not accompanied with Power,
and contemns Glory. So then thou seest how
many things that Man wanteth. For often he 
must stand in need of Necessaries, he must be
subject to great Anxieties; and when he cannot
<P 127>
drive away these things, he shews clearly
his want of that which he did most affect, I
mean Power. One may also reason thus of
Honours, of Glory, and of Pleasures. For
whilst every one of these is the same with the
rest, whoever endeavours to obtain any of
these without the other, loseth that which
he desireth. (^Bo.^) What then if a Man should
desire to gain all these things together? (^Ph.^) I
would then say, that he hath a mind to arrive
at the sovereign Good; but can it be thought
that it shall ever be found in these Acquisitions,
which I have shewed already, not to be able to
perform any thing they promise? (^Bo.^) No surely.
(^Ph.^) In these things therefore which are
believed able to satisfy our Desires, we must
by no means seek for Happiness. (^Bo.^) I confess
it, and nothing can be said more truly than this.
(^Ph.^) Thou hast now then the Form and Causes
of that adulterate sophisticate Felicity: now
turn again the Eyes of thy Consideration upon
the contrary Prospect, and thou shalt soon comprehend
that true and genuine Happiness which
I so long have promised thee. (^Bo.^) That a blind
Man may see, and who runs may read it, for
thou shewedst it to me before, when thou didst
endeavour to open to me the Causes of its Counterfeit:
for if I be not mistaken, that is the true
consummate Felicity which makes a Man self-sufficient,
powerful, reverenced, noble and pleasant.
And that thou mayst know that thy Sayings
<P 128>
have sunk deep into my Understanding, I
say, I know that that which one of these (for
they are all one) can truly perform is, without
doubt, the chief Good and true Happiness.
(^Ph.^) O my Pupil, thou art most happy in this
Opinion, provided thou wilt add this to it,
which I shall offer to thee. (^Bo.^) What is that?
(^Ph.^) Thinkest thou that any thing on this side
Heaven can confer that Good of which thou
speakest. (^Bo.^) I think not indeed; and thou
hast already shewed me, that nothing can be desired
beyond such a State of Perfection. (^Ph.^) These
things then above-mentioned either confer the
Likeness of the true Good, or else they seem to
give me some imperfect Good; but the true and
perfect one this can by no means afford. (^Bo.^) I agree
with you. (^Ph.^) Seeing then thou knowest
already which is the true Happiness, and which
the false one, it remains thou shouldst be informed
from what Fountain to derive that true one.
(^Bo.^) That I indeed expect with much Impatience.
(^Ph.^) But as (^Plato^) says in his (^Timaeus^) , that
<P 129>
even in the least things the Divine Assistance
ought to be implored, what dost thou think
is fit to be done, that we may deserve to
find the true Source and Seat of the sovereign
Good?

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 133>
[}PROSA X.}]
   Now that thou hast had the Character of
the true, and also of the false Felicity
truly represented to thee, I think it time to shew
thee in what the Perfection of Happiness is
placed. And whilst we are in quest of this, I
think our best Method will be to examine,
whether there can in Nature bu such a Good as
that which thou hast before defin'd, lest the
Vanity of Imagination, and Heat of Thought,
should deceive us, and carry us beyond the
Truth of the Matter subjected to our Inquiry.
But that such a thing doth exist, and that it is as
<P 134>
it were the Fountain of all Good, cannot be denied;
for every thing which is said to be imperfect
is proved to be so by the Diminution of
that which is perfect. Hence it is that if any
thing in any kind be said to be imperfect, it is
presently understood that in it there is also something
perfect. For if Perfection be taken away,
no Man can tell in what that which is
said to be imperfect can exist. For Nature doth
not derive her Origine from things diminished
and inconsummate, but proceeding from an
intire and absolute Substance, she extends her
self in the remotest and most fruitless Beings.
So that if, as before I have demonstrated, there
be a certain imperfect Felicity, a fading Good,
there must also be, without doubt, a solid and
perfect one. It is most logically and truly concluded
(said I). But where this doth reside
(continued she) thus consider; That God the
Governour of all things is good, is proved by
the universal Opinion of all Men. For since
nothing can be found out which is better than
God, who will deny Him to be good, than
whom nothing can be better? Reason then doth
so clearly demonstrate that God is good; that
at the same time it evinceth the sovereign Good
to be in him. For if it were not so, he could
not be the Ruler of all things; for there would
be some Being excelling him, which would possess
the perfect Good, and in this World seem 
<P 135>
to excel him, and be antienter than he. We
have already shewn that all perfect things excel
those which are less perfect. Wherefore that
we may not infinitely produce our Reasons, it
must be confess'd that the great God is full of
the greatest and most perfect Goodness. But
we have already shewn that perfect Goodness
is true Happiness. Therefore it necessarily follows
that true and consummate Happiness resides
only in the great and most perfect God.
This (returned I) I apprehend aright, nor can
I by any means say against it. Then I pray
thee (saith she) see how well and irrefragably
thou canst prove what I have said, to wit, that
god is wholly replenished with the sovereign
Good. How shall I do that? (replied I). Dost
thou presume (said he) that the Father of all
things hath received this sovereign Good, with
which he is proved to abound, from any thing
without himself, or that he hath it so naturally,
that thou shouldst imagine that He possessing it,
and Happiness possessed, are of different Substances?
If thou dost think that he received it
from any foreign Hand, thou must imagine the
Giver to be more excellent than the Receiver.
But that God is the most excellent of all Beings,
most worthily we confess, if we own then that
the sovereign Good is in him by Nature; and
yet we may conceive that it is not the same that
he is, since we speak of God, who is the Prince
<P 136>
of Nature, let him who can find out who it
was that joined these so differing things. Lastly,
whatever doth essentially differ from any
thing, it cannot be said to be that from which
it is understood to differ. Therefore that which
is in its Nature differing from the chief Good,
cannot be said to be the Good it self: which to
think of God would be most impious and profane,
since nothing can excel him in Goodness
and Worth. Nothing that ever was can in its
Nature be better than that from which it draweth
its Beginnings. Wherefore that which is
the Principle of all things must, as to its Substance,
with the truest reason be concluded to
be the chief of Goods. (^Boet.^) Most right
(^Phil.^) But Happiness was before granted to be
the chief of Goods. (^Bo.^) So it was. (^Ph.^) Therefore
it must necessarily be confess'd that God is
the very Happiness. (^Bo.^) I cannot oppose the
Reasons you have given, and I confess you have
drawn a very right Conclusion from your Premises.
(^Ph.^) Look then a little further, and see
if this Truth can be proved more firmly thus,
to wit, that there cannot be two sovereign
Goods which differ in themselves: For it is
clear, that of the Goods which differ, one cannot
be what the other is; wherefore neither
can be perfect when one wants the other. But
it is evident, that that which is not perfect cannot
be sovereign; therefore those which are the
<P 137>
chief Goods can by no means be diverse in their
Natures. But I have rightly concluded that
Good and Happiness are the chief Good: wherefore
the highest Divinity must certainly be the
highest Happiness. (^Bo.^) Nothing can be truer
than this; nothing by the Course of Reasoning
more firm; nor can any Conclusion be made
more becoming of the Divine Majesty. (^Ph.^) Upon
the whole Matter then, as Geometricians,
after they have demostrated their Propositions,
are wont to infer and draw their [^GREEK OMITTED^] or
Consequences, in the same manner shall I deduce
to thee something like a Corollary, thus:
Because by the attaining of Beatitude Men are
happy, and Beatitude is Divinity it self, by the
attaining of Divinity it is manifest that Men are
made happy. But as from Mens being endowed
with the Vertue of Justice, they are denominated
Just; and from that of Prudence they
are pronounced Wise, so should they who are
possessed of Divinity by parity of reason be
esteemed Gods. Every happy Man then is a
God; but by Nature there is only One, yet by
suffering others to participate of the Divine Essence
nothing hinders but there may be Many.
(^Bo^) This truly is a very fair and most pretious,
call it Deduction or Corollary, which you
please. (^Ph.^) But there can be nothing nobler
than that which Reason commands us to subjoin
to this. (^Bo.^) What is that? (^Ph.^) It is this,
<P 138>
Since Happiness seems to comprehend in it many 
things, to consider whether they all, by the
Variety of Parts conjoined, do constitute the
Body of Happiness; or whether there may be
any one amongst them which may compleat the
Substance of it, and to which all the rest may
be referr'd. (^Bo.^) I could wish that thou wouldst
open these things to me by recounting them.
(^Ph.^) Do not we account Happiness a Good?
(^Bo.^) Yes certainly, and the chiefest. (^Ph.^) Add
then that Good to all the aforesaid things, for
that Happiness which is Self-sufficiency is also
the Height of Power, of Reverence, of Nobility,
of Pleasure. What sayst thou then, are
all these things, as Self-sufficiency, Power, and
the rest, Members and constituting Parts of
Happiness; or are they, as all other things are,
to be referr'd to the Sovereign Good as their
Source and Principle? (^Bo.^) I well understand
what thou dost aim to search for, but I desire
to hear what thou dost propose. (^Ph.^) Observe
then the thing thus sifted and distinguished upon.
If all these things were Members of Happiness,
they would differ amongst themselves;
for it is of the Nature of differing Parts to compose
one Body: But it is already demonstrated
that all things are the same, therefore they are
not Parts; for if so, even out of one of them
Happiness might be composed, which is absurd.
(^Bo.^) This I doubt not; but I desire to
<P 139>
hear that which remains. (^Ph.^) It is clear that
all other things are brought to be tried by Good
as the Rule and Square: For Self-sufficiency is
therefore desired, because it is thought to be
Good: So also it may be said of Power, Esteem,
Nobility, Pleasure. Good then, is the Cause
why all things are desired; for that which neither
in Reality nor Shew doth retain any thing
of Good, is by no means to be desired: On the
contrary, whatever by Nature is not good, if
yet it seems to be so, is desired as if it really
were so. Hence it is that Goodness, justly
looked upon, is the Cause, the Sum, the Hinge
from which all our Desires arise, in which they
centre, and upon which they turn. That which
is the Cause of our desiring any thing, seems it
self most to be desired. For if any Man desires
to ride abroad because of his Health, he
doth not so much desire the Motion of Riding
as the Effect of his Health. Since therefore all
things are sought after for the sake of Good,
they cannot be more desirable than Good it self.
But we have before shewed that it is Happiness
for which all these abovesaid things are desired,
where it is clear that only Happiness is sought
for. He then who considers this cannot deny
that Good and Happiness are of one and the
same Substance. (^Bo.^) I see no Cause why any
Man should dissent from your Opinion. (^Ph.^) And
we have shewed that God and Happiness are
<P 140>
inseparably joined in Essence. (^Bo.^) You have
so done. (^Ph.^) We may then securely conclude
that the Nature and Substance of God resides
in Good, and can be sought for no where else.

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 141>
[}PROSA XI.}]
   (^Boet.^) I Assent, and am overcome by the
Strenght of thy Reasons. (^Phil.^) At
how great a rate wouldst thou value this Good,
if thou didst rightly know it? (^Bo.^) At an infinite
rate; if at the same time I might attain to
the Knowledg of God, who is the true Good.
(^Ph.^) That thou shalt do so, I shall make clear
to thee by undeniable Reasons, if thou wilt but
grant me those things which a little before I
have laid down as Conclusions. (^Bo.^) I grant
<P 142>
them all. (^Ph.^) Have not I made it clear that
those things which are desired by most are not
therefore true and perfect Goods, because they
differ amongst themselves; and that when one
is absent, the other cannot confer absolute Happiness?
And then that they are the perfect Good
when they are molded up into one Form, that
is to say, when Self-sufficiency, Power, Veneration,
Renown and Pleasure collectively meet.
For if they be not one and the same thing, they
have nothing to recommend them, or to make
them to be numbred amongst desirable things?
(^Bo.^) I grant thou hast demonstrated these things,
nor can they by any means be doubted of.
(^Ph.^) These things then when they are distinct
not being Goods, and when they meet immediately
being made Goods, do not they owe
their Beings of Good to Unity? (^Bo.^) So it seems
to me. (^Ph.^) But wilt thou yield that every
thing which is good, is so by the Participation
of the sovereign Good, or not? (^Bo.^) It is certainly
so. (^Ph.^) Thou must then by the same
Reason acknowledg Unity and Good to be the
same thing: for the Substance of those things
must be the same, whose Effects do not naturally
differ. (^Bo.^) I cannot deny it. (^Ph.^) Knowest
thou then that every Being doth so long endure
and subsist as it is entire and knit together
by Unity; but that as soon as it looses that Bond
it is dissolv'd, and Privation follows? (^Bo.^) How
<P 143>
dost thou make out that? (^Ph.^) Thus; As in
Animals or sensitive Creatures it is plain, the
Soul and Body being united and continuing together,
the Being then is called Animal, a living
Creature: But so soon as this Unity is dissolved
by the Separation of these, it immediately perisheth,
ceasing to be what it was before. The
Body also it self, which whilst it remains in one
Form by the Conjunction of its Members, retains
the Form and Resemblance of a Man;
but if by dissevering and segregating the Parts
that Oneness is distracted, it is no more what
before it was. In the same manner, if we run
through all other Beings, it will surely appear,
that every thing, as long as it preserveth Unity
doth subsist; and if that dies, the other must also
die with it. (^Bo.^) Though I consider never so
long, yet I can see no other thing. (^Ph.^) Is there
then any thing, which inasmuch as it lives naturally,
doth forgo its Desire of Subsisting, and
affect Corruption and Annihilation? (^Bo.^) If I
consider those living Creatures which have any
Power of willing or refusing, I do not in Nature
find any thing, which without some foreign
Impulse, or the Concurrence of outward
Accidents, doth cast away its Intention and Desire
of subsisting, and willingly hasten to Destruction;
for every Animal is endowed with
that great Principle of Self-preservation, and
pursues it, and doth eschew Mischief and
<P 144>
Death. But if I, casting an Eye upon the Vegetative 
World, consider Herbs and Trees, and
other inanimate things, I confess I am under a
doubt, and know not well what to think of
them. (^Ph.^) But even of these there is no Cause
that thou shouldst doubt; for behold Herbs and
Trees first choose a convenient Place to grow
in, where their Nature, as much as it can, hinders
them from withering and perishing soon;
for some spring in the Fields, others upon
Mountains, others rise in Lakes and Marshes, others
put forth amongst the Stones; some choose
the most barren Sands for the Place of their
Birth; and all these, if any Hand should endeavour
to transplant them to any other place,
would forthwith wither. But Nature gives to
every thing that which is agreeable to, and
convenient for them, and endeavours that they
should not perish before their time. Dost thou
not know that all Herbs and Trees, as if their
Mouths were fastned downward in the Earth,
do draw up their Nourishment by the Root,
and diffuse their Strength and Bark as through
their Marrow? And also that the softest and
most tender Matter, as the Pith or Marrow is,
is always laid up in the most inward Cabinet,
and covered by a strong Coat of Wood; and
the uppermost Garment of Bark is opposed to
the Storms and Weather, as being fitted best to
endure them? and canst thou not here behold
<P 145>
and admire the Diligence and Care of Nature,
which propagates all things by a Multiplicity of
Seeds, which all Men know are as a Foundation
for a Building not to remain for a time, but as
if it were for ever? And even those things
which are thought to be inanimate, do not they
by the same Reason desire that which properly
belongs to them, and to preserve their Beings?
For why should Levity carry the Flames upward,
and Gravity make the Earth tend downwards
towards its Centre, but that these Places
and Motions agree with their several Bodies?
Furthermore, whatsoever is agreeable to the
Nature of any thing, that preserves that thing,
as that which hath an Abhorrency from it corrupts
and destroys it. Now that which is hard, as
a Stone, doth most tenaciously adhere together in
all its Parts, and resists an easy Dissolution; but
what things are liquid or flowing, as Air and
Water, yield easily to those who would separate
them, but soon again return and slide back to
those things from which they were divided: but
Fire doth utterly refuse any such Division. And
now I do not treat of the voluntary Motions of
a knowing and discerning Soul, but of natural
Intention and Instinct. Thus we swallow our
Meat without thinking of it, and draw our
Breath in our Sleep without perceiving it: For
the Love of Life is not derived to living Creatures
from the Inclinations and Bent of their
<P 146>
Souls, but only from the Principles of Nature;
for the Will, often pushed on by urgent Causes,
affects and imbraces that Death which Nature
fears and abhors: And on the contrary, we see
that the Works of Generation, by which alone
the Race of Men is propagated, and which
Nature always affects, often restrained by the
Will. Therefore this Love which every thing
beareth to it self, doth not proceed from the
Motions of the Soul, but from the Intentions
of Nature: For Providence hath given to all
things created by it, this greatest Cause and
Principle of Duration, to wit, a Desire of existing
as long as it can. Therefore doubt not
but every Being hath a natural Appetite towards
Living, and an Abhorrence of Dissolution.
(^Bo.^) I now confess that plainly, and without
doubting, I see those things which before seemed
uncertain to me. (^Ph.^) I go on then; Whatever
doth desire to subsist and endure, doth also
desire Unity; for if this be taken away its Essence
is dissolved. (^Bo.^) That is most true.
(^Ph.^) Then all things desire one thing. (^Bo.^) I
assent. (^Ph.^) But I have before demonstrated
that that one thing must be that which is good.
(^Bo.^) You have so, (^Ph.^) All things therefore desire
Good; which Good you may describe to be
that which is desired of all. (^Bo.^) Nothing is
truer: For either all things must be reduced to
nothing, and so being destitute of an Head
<P 147>
float and rove about without Governance and
Order; or if there be any thing to which all
things do tend, that must be the chief of all
Goods. (^Ph.^) I rejoice but too much, O my
Pupil; for thou hast fixed in thy Mind the very
middle and manifest Note of Truth: but this
thing hath been discovered to thee, because a
little before thou saidst thou wert ignorant of
it. (^Bo.^) What is that? (^Ph.^) Thou didst not
know what was the End of all things: And
this is it which every one desires. And because
we have from our former Arguments gathered,
that Good is that which is the Subject of all
Mens Desires, we must necessarily confess that
Good is the End of all things.

<S SAMPLE 4>
<P 177>
[}PROSA IV.}]
   (^Boet.^) I Confess that vitious Men are not unjustly
called Beasts, for although they
retain the Form and Shapes of an humane Body,
yet the Qualities of their Souls shew them
to be changed into them. But I would not
have it in the Power of those vitious Persons,
who even rage with a Desire of destroying
just Men, to do so. (^Ph.^) Nor is it in their
Power, as shall be shewed in a convenient
Place; but if this Power which People think ill
Men to have, were taken away from them,
they would be eased of the greatest part of
their Punishment: For it would almost seem
incredible to any one, and it is yet true, that
evil Men must necessarily be more unhappy
when they have compassed what they desire,
than when they cannot do so: For if it be a
miserable thing but to have a Will to do an ill
thing, it must be much worse to have a Power
to do it; without which the wretched Desire
<P 178>
would languish without effect. Since then
each of these things hath its unhappiness, it
must of necessity be, that a threefold Misfortune
must urge those Men who both will, can,
and do commit Wickedness. (^Bo.^) I grant it,
but I should much desire that evil Men were
soon depriv'd of this Misfortune, I mean of the
Power of doing ill. (^Ph.^) They shall be dispoil'd
of it sooner than perhaps thou wouldst
have them, or than they think they shall: For
there is nothing of so late a Beginning within
the narrow Bounds of this Life, that can continue
long, or expect Immutability; and the
great Hopes and subtle Machinations of ill Men
are by a sudden and unforeseen End ruinated
and destroyed; which thing puts an End to
their Wickedness. For if Vice subjects Men
to Misery, the longer they are vitious, the
longer they must be miserable; whom I should
judg the most unhappy of all Beings, if their
Unhappiness were not ended at least by Death:
For if I have made a true Conclusion concerning
the Misfortune which attends Impiety, that
Misery must be without end which certainly is
Eternal. (^Bo.^) This is a most wonderful Consequence,
and difficult to be granted; yet I
must acknowledg it doth but too much agree
with those things which we have concluded
before. (^Ph.^) Thou dost rightly judg: but he
who thinks it hard to assent to a Conclusion, it
<P 179>
is fit he should demonstrate that the Premises
are untrue, or that from the Collation of the
Propositions a necessary Conclusion is not to be
drawn; otherwise if the Premises be granted,
he hath no Reason to blame the Inference from 
them: for this which I am now about to say
will not seem less wonderful, but it necessarily
follows from what hath been before proposed.
(^Bo.^) What is that? (^Ph.^) That wicked Men are
more happy when they are punished according
to their Demerits, than if they should escape
the Hand of Justice. Nor do I now offer to
thee that which every Man can think, that the
Manners of ill Men are corrected by Vengeance,
and that by fear of Torment they are reduced
to the right way, and that they are Examples
to other Men to fly from things which
are blame worthy: but I, after another manner,
believe these Wretches if they escape Punishment
to be unhappy, although no Regard be
had to the Correction and Example. (^Bo.^) And
what other manner is there besides those above-mentioned?
(^Ph.^) Have we not granted already
that the Good are happy, and the Impious
miserable? (^Bo.^) We have. (^Ph.^) If then there
be any Addition of Good to any Man's Misery,
is not he happier than another, whose Misery
is pure and simple, without the mixture of any
manner of Good? (^Bo.^) It seemeth so to be.
(^Ph.^) And if to the same miserable Person, who
<P 180>
wants all manner of Goods to those Evils which
have already made him miserable, another
should be annexed, is not he to be esteemed
much more unhappy than he whose Misfortune
is relieved by the participation of Good?
(^Bo.^) What will follow then? (^Ph.^) Evil Men
then, even when they are punished, have
something of Good annexed, to wit, the Punishment
it self, which, as it is the Effect of
Justice, is good: And there is also annexed to
the same Persons, when they go unpunished,
something more of Ill, that is to say, Impunity
it self, which before thou hast deservedly
granted to be an Evil. (^Bo.^) I cannot deny
it. (^Ph.^) Much more unhappy then are impious
Wretches when they meet with an
unjust Impunity, than when they fall under
a merited Vengeance. But it is manifest,
that nothing can be more just than that evil
Men should be punished, and unjust than that
they should escape Punishment. (^Bo.^) Who denies
it? (^Ph.^) Nor will any Man deny but that
every thing which is just, is good; and on the
other hand, whatsoever is unjust, is ill. (^Bo.^) These
are consequential to our former Conclusions:
But I pray thee tell me, dost thou believe that
there are any Punishments allotted to Souls after
the Death of the Bodies? (^Ph.^) Great ones
most certainly; some of which I believe to be
exercised and applied by Sharpness of Pain,
<P 181>
others by a kind of Purgative
Clemency: But we will
not at this time discourse of these. But our
Business hitherto hath been, to let thee see that
the Power which thou didst imagine to be most
unworthily bestowed upon evil Men, is indeed
none at all: And also that thou mightst be satisfied
that evil Men, who as thou didst complain
went unpunished, do never indeed escape
Punishment: And also that thou mightst learn
that that Licence of doing Evil, which thou
prayedst might soon end, is not long; and that
The Enjoyers would be more unhappy if it were
<P 182>
longer, and most wretched of all if it were
perpetual. After this I shewed that ill Men
are more unhappy if they be dismiss'd with an
unjust Impunity, than if punish'd with a just
Revenge. From which Opinion it follows,
that then they are urg'd and afflicted with the
greatest Punishments when they are believed
to escape free. (^Bo.^) When I consider intently
thy Reasons, I think nothing can be said more
truly. but if we look upon the Judgments of
Men, who is there to whom these things seem
not only not to be believed, but also not to be
heard? (^Ph.^) So it is indeed: for they who
have long been accustomed to Darkness cannot
lift up their Eyes to the Light of perspicuous
Truth without difficulty; and they resemble
those Birds which see well by Night,
but are blind in the Day-time: For whilst they
do not regard the Order of things, but only
their own disordered Affections, they vainly
imagine the Power of doing Evil, or Impunity
after it is acted, to be an Happiness. But now,
behold what the Law Eternal delivereth! Conform
thy Mind to the best things, and then
thou shalt have no need of a Judg to confer upon
thee a Reward, since thou hast adjoined thy
self to the most excellent things. But if thou
art inclined to Impiety, and dost imbrace wicked
Practices, seek for no Avenger without, for
thou hast forfeited thy Advantages, and associated
<P 183>
thy self with the worst of things: as if
thou shouldst by turns sometimes behold the
Heavens, sometimes the sordid Earth; and
that all other things ceasing from without, thy
Eye should seem to carry thee now above the
Stars, and that again thou shouldst be placed
upon the Earth. But the Multitude doth not
consider this. What then? Shall we put our
selves into the Company of those which I have
before shewed to resemble Beasts? What wilt
thou say, if a Man who hath quite lost his Sight,
and hath also forgotten that ever he saw, and
should think that he wants nothing to render
him perfect, should we therefore judg those
who retain their Sight to be blind also? Either
will the (^Many^) acquiesce in what I shall say, although
it is supported by as firm Reasons, to
wit, that those are more unhappy who do, than
they who suffer Injuries. (^Bo.^) I would willingly
hear those Reasons. (^Ph.^) Canst thou
deny but that all ill Men deserve Punishment?
(^Bo.^) No, I cannot. (^Ph.^) But I am throughly
satisfied that impious Men are many ways unhappy.
(^Bo.^) Certainly they are so. (^Ph.^) Then
thou doubtest not that those who deserve Punishment
are miserable. (^Bo.^) I agree. (^Ph.^) If
therefore thou wert to be Judg, to which dost
thou think thou wouldst adjudg Punishment,
to him who hath done, or to him who hath suffered
the Injury? (^Bo.^) I doubt not but that I
<P 184>
should adjudg Satisfaction to the Sufferer, by
punishing the Doer of Wrong. (^Ph.^) The injuring
Person then would seem more miserable
to thee than him who had receiv'd the Wrong.
(^Bo.^) That follows. (^Ph.^) From this then, and
from several other Reasons founded on the same
bottom, it appears, that Impiety, properly and
by its own Nature, makes Men miserable; and
that an Injury done to any Man is the Misery
of the Doer, and not of the Sufferer. But now
Orators and Advocates run a Course contrary
to this: For they endeavour the Pity and Compassion
of the Judges for those who suffered
any thing bitter or grievous, when the juster
Pity is due to them who did the Wrong; who
should be led to Judgment, as the Sick are to
the Physician, not by angry but by merciful
and compassionate Accusers; that so they may,
by the Application of Punishment, as a fit and
proper Remedy, be cured of the Malady of
the Crime. By this means the Employment of
this kind of Defenders would either wholly
cease, or else, that it may be more to the Advantage
of Mankind, it would be turned into
an Habit of Accusation, and would always be
forward to accuse, and not to excuse ill Men:
and even those Wretches themselves, if they
could through the least Hole or Chink behold
that Vertue which they have forsaken, and see
that they should be in some way of cleansing
<P 185>
themselves from their filthy Vices, by receiving
the Pains and Torments which are due to them,
they ought, for the Recompence of regaining
the Vertue from which they have fallen, not
to esteem them so, but should chearfully refuse
the Defence of their Advocates, and give themselves
up wholly to their Accusers and Judges.
Hence it is that the Wise hate no Body: For
who but the most foolish would hate good
Men? and it is irrational to hate the most profligate:
For if a depraved Temper be, as it
were, the Sickness of the Soul, since we do
not think those whose Bodies are distempered
to be worthy of our Hate, but rather of our
Compassion, much less are those over whom
Vice, more cruel than any bodily Distemper,
hath gain'd the Ascendant to be adjudged so,
but are rather to be looked upon as Subjects of
our Pity.

<S SAMPLE 5>
<P 190>
[}PROSA VI.}]
   (^Boet.^) So it is; but because it is thy Province
to unfold the hidden Causes of things,
and to lay open those Reasons which are now
invelop'd in Darkness, I intreat thee to give me
thy Judgment in this Matter, and to discourse
upon it, for this Wonder troubles me very
much. Philosophy then a little smiling, said to
me, O thou call'st upon me to declare to thee
the greatest thing which could be asked, and
which indeed can scarce be answered: For such
is the Matter of it, that one Doubt being removed,
innumerable others, like the Heads of
(^Hydra^) , grow up. Nor would there indeed
be any End of them, unless they were restrained
by the Quickness and lively Fire of the
Mind: For in this Matter Men are wont to
make Questions of the simple Actings of Providence,
of the Order and Course of Destiny,
of sudden Chance, of Knowledg, of Divine Predestination,
and of Free-will: And of what
Weight these things are, thou thy self mayst
perceive. But because it is part of thy Medicine,
<P 191>
and it will contribute much to thy Cure
to know these things, although I am confined
within the narrow Bounds of Time, I shall endeavour
to give thee some Taste of them. And
although the Charms and Musick of my Verse
may delight thee, yet thou must defer that
Pleasure a little, whilst I in order weave together
my Reasons, which may tend to the Solution
of thy Doubts. (^Bo.^) Observe thy own
Method as it pleaseth thee.

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<I X>
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<P 191>
Then taking her
Beginning as from another Principle, she thus
discoursed. (^Ph.^) The Generation of all things,
and every Progression of changeable Natures,
and all things which are any way moved, receive
their Causes, Order and Forms out of the
Stability or Constancy of the Divine Mind.
And this being placed in the Height of its own
Purity or Simplicity, doth establish a manifold
Mode or Way in doing things; which Mode
or Manner of Proceeding, when Men behold
it in the Purity of the Divine Understanding, is
called Providence; but being apply'd and referr'd
to that which it moveth, and of which
it disposeth, it was called Fate or Destiny.
And if any one shall throughly weigh in his
Mind the Force and Energy of the one and of
the other, he shall soon find them to be different
things: For Providence is that Divine Reason
settled in the chief Governour of the World,
by which he disposeth all things; but Fate or
<P 192>
Destiny is a Disposition inherent in moveable
Beings, by which Providence knits them together
in their Orders. Providence embraces and
comprehends all things, although divers, although
infinite; but Fate orders and digests all
single things into Motion, and distributeth them
according to Place, Form and Time: So that
the Explication of this temporal Order being
joined or folded up, in regard to the Divine
Mind, may be called Providence; and being
unfolded and digested according to Time, and
the other Circumstances, it may be called Fate.
And although these things be different, yet one
of them depends upon the other; for the Order
of Fate proceeds from the pure Simplicity of
Providence: For as the Artificer forming in his
Mind the Shape of the thing which he is about
to make, moves to effect his Work, and doth
in process of time draw out that which before
he had singly in his Imagination designed; so
God by his Providence simply and firmly doth
dispose the things which are to be done; and
he doth in several Ways, and according to
Time, administer by Fate those very things
which he hath so disposed. So then, whether
Fate be exercised and moved by some Divine
Spirits which attend upon Providence, or by
some Soul, or by the Ministry of the whole
Body of Nature, or by the Celestial Motions of
the Stars, or by Angelick Vertue, or by the manifold
<P 193>
Subtlety of Demons, whether good or
bad, or if by any of these, or if by all of them
the Series of Fate is woven: This certainly is
manifest, that the immovable and simple way
of doing things is Providence; and that the
movable Contexture and temporal Order of
those things which the Divine Purity fore-disposed
and ordered to be done, is Fate. Hence
it is that all things which are under the Dominion
of Fate, are also subject to Providence,
which commands even Fate it self. But some
things which are placed under the Guidance and
Protection of Providence, are wholly exempt
from the Jurisdiction of Fate, and surmount
the Series of it; and those are such things as are
stably fixed near to the Divinity, and are above
the Order of fatal Mobility. For even as amongst
several Circles turning about the same
Centre, that which is innermost approacheth
most to the Simplicity of the middle Point, and
is as it were a Centre, round which they may
turn, to those placed without it; and that
which is outermost, rolling in a greater Circuit,
the further it departs from the middle Individuity
of the Point, so much the more Space
it doth fill; but yet if any thing should join and
fasten it self to the Point, it is constrained to be
immovable, and ceaseth to be dilated. By parity
of Reason the further any thing departeth
from the first Mind, that is from God, it is so 
<P 194>
much the more embarassed, and faster bound
in the Bonds of Destiny; and every thing is by
so much the freer from Fate, by how much it
approacheth nearer to the Centre of all things.
And if it closely adheres to the Firmness of
the supreme Mind, without moving, it goes
beyond the Necessity and Power of Destiny.
As Ratiocination then is to the Intellect, as that
which is begotten is to that which hath a proper
Being, as Time is to Eternity, as the Circle is
to the Centre; so is the movable Order of Fate
to the stable Simplicity of Providence. This
Order moveth the Heavens and the Stars, tempereth
the Elements, and maketh them agree
amongst themselves, and by an alternative
Change transforms them. It reneweth all
things which are born, and which die by the
like Progressions of Sexes and Seeds. This
binds together the Actions and Fortunes of Men
by an indissoluble Connection of Causes; which
since they proceed from the Origine of immovable
Providence, must also themselves necessarily
be unchangeable: For so things are always
best governed, if that pure Simplicity or Singleness,
dwelling in the Divine Nature, may
produce that unalterable Order of Causes; for
this Order, by its own Unchangeableness and
Constancy, may restrain those things which in
their Nature are mutable, and which would
otherwise rashly and irregularly float about.
<P 195>
Hence it is that although things may seem confused
and disturbed to Men who cannot aright
consider this Order, nevertheless the proper
Manner and Course of every thing directs and
disposeth to the true Good: For there is nothing
done for the sake of Evil, no not by the 
most flagitious Wretches; who, as I have fully
before demonstrated, are in their Researches
after Good diverted by crooked Error, whilst
the Order proceeding from the Centre of Sovereign
Good doth not mislead any from its Principles.
But thou mayst say, what greater Confusion
can there be, that both prosperous and
adverse things should by times happen to good
Men, and that evil Men can enjoy what their
Hearts can desire, and yet be afflicted too with
things which they hate? Do People live now
a-days so vertuously, and with so much Integrity,
that those whom Men think good or bad,
must necessarily be either? But in this the
Judgments of Men disagree much: For those
whom some judg worthy of a Reward, others
think to deserve Punishment. But let us grant,
that it is possible that some one may be able to
distinguish betwixt the Good and the Bad; Is
it possible therefore that he should look into the
inward Temperament of the Mind, and pronounce
of it as one may of the Body? But it is
miraculous to him who knows it not, why
sweet things should be agreeable to some Bodies,
<P 196>
and bitter to others; and why some sick
People are eased by Lenitives, others are helped
by sharper Medicines. But it is no wonder to
the Physician, who knoweth the Measure and
Temperament of Health and Sickness. But
what other thing is it that makes the Mind
healthful and strong than Goodness? And what
is its Sickness but Vice? Who is the Preserver
of Good, and the Driver away of Evil, other
than God the great Ruler and Physician of the
Mind? who, when he looks about him from
the high Observatory of his Providence, sees
and knows what is convenient for every one,
and then accommodates him with the Convenience.
Hence then proceeds that remarkable
Miracle of Order of Destiny, since the all-knowing
God doth that at which the Ignorant
are astonished. But now that I may glance at
a few things concerning the Depth of the Divine
Knowledg, which humane Reason may
comprehend, that Man whom thou believest to
be most just, and the greatest Observer and
Maintainer of Equity, of that Man, I say, the
all-knowing Providence doth think otherwise.
And my Familiar (^Lucan^) told us, that the
vanquishing Cause was pleasing to the Gods,
but the vanquish'd to (^Cato^) : Know this then,
<P 197>
that whatsoever thou seest done contrary to thy
Hope or Expectation, that notwithstanding the
Order of things is preserved right and entire;
but to thy perverted Opinion it seemeth Confusion.
But let us suppose that a Man may have
behaved himself so well, that the Approbation
of God and Man may both agree in him; but
he is perhaps of a weak Courage: so that if any
thing cross should befal him, he will forgo his
Innocence, since with it he cannot retain his
Fortune. The wise Dispensation of Providence
then spareth him whom Adversity may
make worse, lest he should be put to labour and
travel, who is not able to undergo such Hardship,
nor to bear Afflictions. Another Man is
Master of all Vertues, is holy, and one who
draws nigh to God: Providence judgeth it Injustice
that that Man should be oppressed by
any Adversity; so that it will not suffer him to
labour even under any bodily Distemper: But
as one more excellent than I said, [^GREEK
OMITTED^] (^Vertues do build up the
Body of the Holy Man^) . But it often comes to
pass that good Men have the Government of 
<P 198>
things committed to them, that the exuberant
Improbity of ill Men may be repell'd and abated.
To some, according to the Qualities of
their Minds, he gives a kind of Mixture of
Fortune, chequered with Good and Evil: Upon
some he lays grievous heavy Crosses, lest
they should grow luxurious by too long a
Course of Felicity: Upon others he sometimes
lays also heavy Crosses, that their Vertues may
be confirmed by the Use and Exercise of Patience: 
Some fear more than they ought that
thing which they can bear: Others despite more
than they ought that which they cannot; and
those, that by the Experiment they may come
to the Knowledg of themselves, he sometimes
afflicts. And many there are who have purchas'd
a great Name in the World, at the Expence
of a glorious Death. And some Men
whose Courage hath not yielded to Torment,
have given a noble Example to others, that
Vertue is not to be overcome by Adversity.
And there is no doubt but that all these things
are done justly and in order, and for the Good
of those to whom they happen. It also proceeds
from the said Causes that sometimes Adversity,
sometimes Prosperity, comes to be the
Lot of ill Men. And it is the Wonder of
no Man, that flagitious Persons should be
afflicted, because they are always thought to
deserve what comes upon them; and that their
<P 199>
Punishment doth deter others from such Aims,
and often work a Reformation in those on
whom they are inflicted: But the Prosperity of
such yields a great Argument to the Good, and
directs them what to judg of this kind of Happiness,
which they so often see to fall to the
share of the worst of Men. In which thing I
think often there is a Dispensation, because the
Nature of some Men may be so forward and
importunate, that Poverty, and the want of Necessaries,
would rather urge them to do ill.
But this Disease Providence doth cure by applying
the powerful Medicine of Money. One
Man finding his Conscience deeply spotted with
Crimes, and comparing himself and his Fortune,
fears perhaps that the Happiness which
he enjoyed by the Use of it, should be wholly
done away by its Loss; he will therefore change
his Manners, and whilst he fears to lose his
Estate he will leave his Impiety. Upon another
Happiness is conferr'd without Desert, and
that precipitates him into a merited Destruction.
To some there is a Power of Punishing granted,
that it may exercise the Vertues of the Good,
and may be Cause of Punishments and Torment
to the Evil. For as there is no Covenant or
Agreement betwixt the Vertuous and the
Wicked, so neither can wretched Men agree
amongst themselves. And why should they?
for they disagree amongst themselves by reason
<P 200>
of their Vices, which rend and tear the Conscience;
and they often do those things, which
when they are over, they judg they ought not to
have done them. From whence Providence
hath often produced a signal Miracle, to wit,
that evil Men have oft made other ill Men
good: For when some of these find that they
have suffered an Injury from others of them
urged by the Hate of those that have offended
them, they have returned to the Ways of
Vertue, studying nothing more than to be unlike
to those Persons whom they hate. It is only
the great Power of God which can make
Evil turn to Good, when by using them agreeably
and conveniently he draws out of them
the Effect of some Good: For a certain Order
embraceth all Beings, so that whatsoever doth
depart from the Reason and Laws of that Order
which is assigned to it, yet it passeth into
and under the Laws of another Order; for nothing
is left in the Power of Chance or Uncertainty
in the Realm of Providence. [^GREEK
OMITTED^] (^It is hard for 
me to express how God rules and disposeth all things
by his Providence^) . Nor is it lawful for a Man
(if he could) to comprehend all the Machines
and Movements of the Divine Work, even in
his Thought, much less to declare and describe
them in Words. Let it suffice to have seen only
this, that God, the Framer of all Natures,
<P 201>
orders and disposeth every thing towards Good;
and whilst he endeavours to retain those things
which he hath made in his own Likeness, he
banisheth all Evil by the Course of Destiny,
without the Bounds of his Commonwealth.
Hence it is that if thou dost but regard the all-disposing
Providence, thou mayst easily see,
that there are not those Evils which Men believe
do abound upon the Face of the Earth.
But now I see that thou dost almost lie down
under the Weight and Prolixity of my Reasoning;
and that thou dost expect the Musick of
my Verse: receive then this Draught with which
when thou art refresh'd, thou mayst more strongly
proceed to other Matters which yet remain.



<B CESERM3A>
<Q E3 IR SERM TILLOTS>
<N SCOFFING AT RELIGION>
<A TILLOTSON JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TILLOTSON, JOHN.
TEXT:  SERMONS ON "THE FOLLY OF
SCOFFING AT RELIGION" AND "OF THE TRYALL
OF THE SPIRITS".
THREE RESTORATION DIVINES: BARROW, SOUTH, 
TILLOTSON: SELECTED SERMONS, VOL. II:ii.
BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE ET 
LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXIII.
ED. I. SIMON.
PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITIONS "LES BELLES
LETTRES", 1976.
PP. 418.1  - 421.13      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 427.8  - 431.12      (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 444.35 - 453.6       (SAMPLE 3)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P II:ii418>
   I. (^First^) , we will consider the nature of the sin here   #
mentioned, 
which is (^scoffing^) at Religion, (^There shall come           #
scoffers^) : These 
it seems were a sort of people that derided our Saviour's       #
prediction 
of his coming to judge the world. So the Apostle tells us in    #
the 
next words, that they said (^where is the promise of his        #
coming^) ?
   In those times there was a common perswasion among           #
Christians 
(^that the day of the Lord was at hand^) , as the Apostle       #
elsewhere 
tells us. Now this 'tis probable, these (^scoffers^) twitted    #
the Christians 
withall; and because Christ did not come when some looked
for him they concluded he would not come at all. Upon this 
they derided the Christians as enduring persecution in a vain 
expectation of that which was never likely to happen. They saw 
all things continue (^as they were from the beginning of the    #
world^) , 
notwithstanding the apprehensions of Christians concerning the 
approaching end of it; (^For since the Fathers fell asleep all  #
things 
continue as they were, from the beginning of the world. Since 
the fathers fell asleep^) , [^GREEK OMITTED^] , which may       #
either be rendred (^from
the time^) , or else (which seems more agreeable to the         #
atheistical 
discourse of these men) (^saving^) or (^except that the         #
fathers are 
fallen asleep, all things continue as they were^) ; Saving      #
that men 
die and one generation succeeds another, they saw no change or 
alteration. They looked upon all things as going on in a        #
constant 
course; One generation of men passed away and another came 
in the room of it, but the world remain'd still as it was. And  #
thus 
for ought they knew things might hold on for ever. So that the 
principles of these men seem to be much the same with those of 
(^Epicureans^) , who denied the providence of God and the       #
immortality 
of mens souls; and consequently a future judgment which should 
sentence men to rewards and punishments in another world.       #
These 
great and fundamental principles of all Religion they derided   #
as 
the fancies and dreams of a company of melancholy men, who 
were weary of the world and pleased themselves with vain        #
conceits 
of happiness and ease in another life. But as for them, they    #
believed 
none of those things; and therefore gave all manner of 
licence and indulgence to their lusts.
<P II:ii419>
   But this belongs to the second thing I propounded to speak   #
to, 
namely,
   II. The character which is here given of these               #
(^scoffers^) ; They 
are said (^to walk after their own lusts^) . And no wonder if   #
when 
they denied a future judgment they gave up themselves to all 
manner of sensuality.
   St. (^Jude^) in his (^Epistle^) gives much the same          #
character of them 
that St. (^Peter^) here does, ver. 18, 19. (^There shall come   #
in the last 
days mockers, walking after their own ungodly lusts, sensual,   #
not 
having the spirit^) . So that we see what kind of persons they  #
are 
who prophanely scoff at Religion, men of sensual spirits and    #
of 
licentious lives. For this character which the (^Apostle^)      #
here gives 
of the (^scoffers^) of that age was not an accidental thing     #
which 
happened to those persons, but is the constant character of     #
them 
who deride Religion, and flows from the very temper and         #
disposition 
of those who are guilty of this impiety; it is both the 
usual preparation to it, and the natural consequent of it.
   To deride God and Religion is the highest kind of impiety. 
And men do not usually arrive to this degree of wickedness at 
first, but they come to it by several steps. The (^Psalmist^)   #
very 
elegantly expresseth to us the several gradations by which men 
at last come to this horrid degree of impiety; (^Blessed is     #
the man, 
that walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor standeth    #
in the 
way of sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the scornfull^) .    #
Men are 
usually first corrupted by bad counsel and company, which is    #
called 
(^walking in the counsel of the ungodly^) ; next they           #
habituate themselves 
to their vicious practices, which is (^standing in the way of 
sinners^) ; and then at last they take up and settle in a       #
contempt 
of all Religion, which is called (^sitting in the seat of the   #
scornfull^) . 
   For when men once indulge themselves in wicked courses, the
vicious inclinations of their minds sway their understandings,  #
and
make them apt to disbelieve those truths which contradict their
lusts. Every inordinate lust and passion is a false byass upon
mens understandings which naturally draws toward Atheism. And
when mens judgments are once byassed they do not believe        #
according
to the evidence of things, but according to their humour and 
their interest. For when men live as if there were no God it
<P II:ii420>
becomes expedient for them that there should be none: And then
they endeavour to perswade themselves so, and will be glad to   #
find
arguments to fortifie themselves in this perswasion. Men of     #
dissolute 
lives cry down Religion, because they would not be under
the restraints of it; they are loth to be tied up by the        #
strict laws
and rules of it: 'Tis their interest more than any reason they  #
have
against it which makes them despise it, they hate it because    #
they
are reproved by it. So our Saviour tells us, that (^men love    #
darkness
rather than light, because their deeds are evil; for every one  #
that
doth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light lest    #
his deeds
should be reproved^) .
   I remember it is the saying of one, who hath done more by    #
his
(^Writings^) to debauch the Age with Atheistical principles     #
than any
man that lives in it, (^That when reason is against a man,      #
then a
man will be against reason^) . I am sure this is the true       #
account
of such mens enmity to Religion, Religion is against them and
therefore they set themselves against Religion. The principles  #
of
Religion and the doctrines of the (^holy Scriptures^) are       #
terrible enemies
to wicked men, they are continually flying in their faces and   #
galling
their consciences: And this is that which makes them kick       #
against
Religion and spurn at the doctrines of that (^holy Book^) .     #
And this
may probably be one reason why many men, who are observed
to be sufficiently dull in other matters, yet can talk          #
prophanely
and speak against Religion with some kind of salt and           #
smartness,
because Religion is the thing that frets them; and as in other  #
things
so in this (\vexatio dat intellectum\) , the inward trouble     #
and vexation
of their minds gives them some kind of wit and sharpness in     #
rallying
upon Religion. Their consciences are galled by it, and this     #
makes
them winch and fling as if they had some metal. For, let men
pretend what they will, there is no ease and comfort of mind to
be had from atheistical principles. 'Tis found by experience,   #
that
<P II:ii421>
none are more apprehensive of danger or more fearfull of death
than this sort of men: Even when they are in prosperity they    #
ever
and anon feel many inward stings and lashes, but when any great
affliction or calamity overtakes them they are the most poor    #
spirited
creatures in the whole world.
   The sum is, the true reason why any man is an Atheist is
because he is a wicked man. Religion would curb him in lusts, 
and therefore he casts it off and puts all the scorn upon it    #
he can.
Besides, that men think it some kind of apology for their       #
vices that
they do not act contrary to any principle they profess: Their
practice is agreeable to what they pretend to believe, and so   #
they
think to vindicate themselves and their own practices by        #
laughing
at those for fools who believe any thing to the contrary. 

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E3 IR SERM TILLOTS>
<N TRIAL OF SPIRITS>
<A TILLOTSON JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>

<P II:ii427>
   I have done with the (^three^) things I propounded to speak  #
to 
upon this Argument, And now I beg your patience to apply what
I have said to these three purposes.
   1. To take men off from this impious and dangerous folly of
prophaneness which by some is miscalled wit.
   2. To caution men not to think the worse of Religion,        #
because
some are so bold as to despise and deride it.
   3. To perswade men to employ that reason and wit which
God hath given them, to better and nobler purposes in the       #
service,
and to the glory of that God who hath bestowed these gifts on   #
men.

   1. To take men off from this impious and dangerous folly.
I know not how it comes to pass that some men have the fortune
to be esteemed Wits onely for jesting out of the common road,
and for making bold to scoff at those things which the greatest
part of mankind reverence. As if a man should be accounted a 
Wit for reviling those in Authority, which is no more an        #
argument
of any man's wit than it is of his discretion. A wise man would
not speak contemptuously of a great Prince though he were out
of his Dominions, because he remembers that Kings have long
hands, and that their power and influence does many times reach
a great farther than their direct Authority. But God (^is a
great King, and in his hand are all the corners of the earth;   #
we
can go no whither from his Spirit, nor can we flee from his     #
presence^) ;
where-ever we are (^his eye sees us^) and (^his right hand^)    #
can 
reach us. If men did truly consult the interest either of their
safety or reputation, they would never exercise their wit in    #
dangerous
matters. Wit is a very commendable quality, but then a
wise man should always have the keeping of it. It is a sharp
weapon, as apt for mischief as for good purposes if it be not   #
well
<P II:ii428>
manag'd. The proper use of it is to season conversation, to     #
represent
what is praise-worthy to the greatest advantage, and to 
expose the vices and follies of men, such things as are in      #
themselves
truly ridiculous: But if it be applied to the abuse of the      #
gravest
and most serious matters it then loses its commendation. If any
man think he abounds in this quality and hath wit to spare      #
there
is scope enough for it within the bounds of Religion and        #
decency,
and when it transgresseth these it degenerates into insolence   #
and
impiety. All wit which borders upon prophaneness and makes
bold with those things to which the greatest reverence is due
deserves to be branded for folly.
   And if we would preserve our selves from the infection of    #
this
vice we must take heed how we scoff at Religion, under any      #
form,
lest insensibly we derive some contempt upon Religion it self.  #
And
we must likewise take heed how we accustom our selves to a      #
slight
and irreverent use of the Name of God, and of the phrases and
expressions of the Holy Bible, which ought not to be applied    #
upon
every light occasion. Men will easily slide into the highest    #
degree
of prophaneness who are not careful to preserve a due reverence
of the great and glorious Name of God, and an awfull regard to
the Holy Scriptures. None so nearly disposed to scoffing at
Religion as those who have accustomed themselves to swear upon
trifling occasions. For it is just with God to permit those who
allow themselves in one degree of prophaneness to proceed to
another, till at last they come to that height of impiety as    #
to contemn
all Religion.
   2. Let no man think the worse of Religion, because some are
so bold as to despise and deride it. For 'tis no disparagement  #
to
any person or thing to be laught at, but to deserve to be so.   #
The
most grave and serious matters in the whole world are liable    #
to be
abus'd. It is a known saying of (^Epictetus, that every thing   #
hath
two handles^) ; By which he means, that there is nothing so bad
but a man may lay hold of something or other about it that will
afford matter of excuse and extenuation, nor nothing so         #
excellent
but a man may fasten upon something or other belonging to it
whereby to reduce it. A sharp wit may find something in the 
wisest man whereby to expose him to the contempt of injudicious
<P II:ii429>
people. The gravest book that ever was written may be made
ridiculous by applying the sayings of it to a foolish purpose.  #
For
a jest may be obtruded upon any thing. And therefore no man
ought to have the less reverence for the principles of          #
Religion, or
for the holy Scriptures, because idle and prophane Wits can     #
break
jests upon them. Nothing is so easie as to take particular      #
phrases
and expressions out of the best Book in the world and to abuse
them by forcing an odd and ridiculous sense upon them. But no
wise man will think a good Book foolish for this reason, but    #
the
man that abuses it; nor will he esteem that to which every      #
thing
is liable to be a just exception against any thing. At this     #
rate we
must despise all things, but surely the better and the shorter  #
way
is to contemn those who would bring any thing that is worthy    #
into 
contempt.
   3. And lastly, to perswade men to employ that reason and wit
which God hath given them to better and nobler purposes in the
service and to the glory of that God who hath bestowed these    #
gifts
on men, as (^Aholiab^) and (^Bezaleel^) did their mechanical    #
skill in the
adorning and beautifying of God's Tabernacle. For this is the
perfection of every thing, to attain its true and propor end;   #
and
the end of all those gifts and endowments which God hath given
us is to glorifie the giver.
   Here is subject enough to exercise the wit of men and        #
angels:
To praise that infinite goodness, and almighty power, and       #
exquisite
wisedom which made us and all things; and to admire what we 
can never sufficiently praise; To vindicate the wise and just
providence of God, in the government of the world; and to
endeavour, as well as we can upon an imperfect view of things,
to make out the beauty and harmony of all the seeming discords
and irregularities of the Divine administrations; To explain    #
the
oracles of the holy Scriptures, and to adore that great         #
mystery of
Divine love (which the Angels, better and nobler Creatures      #
than 
we are, desire to pry into) God's sending his onely Son into    #
the
world to save sinners, and to give his life a ransom for them: 
These would be noble exercises inded for the tongues and pens
of the greatest Wits. And subjects of this nature are the best 
trials of our ability in this kind. Satyr and invective are     #
the easiest
kind of wit. Almost any degree of it will serve to abuse and    #
find
<P II:ii430>
fault. For wit is a keen instrument, and every one can cut and
gash with it, but to carve a Beautiful image and to polish it   #
requires
great art and dexterity. To praise any thing well is an         #
argument
of much more wit, than to abuse. A little wit, and a great deal
of ill nature will furnish a man for Satyr, but the greatest    #
instance
of wit is to commend well. And perhaps the best things are the
hardest to be duly commended. For though there be a great deal 
of matter to work upon yet there is great judgment required to
make choice, and where the subject is great and excellent it    #
is hard
not to sink below the dignity of it.
   This I say on purpose to recommend to men a nobler exercise 
for their wits, and if it be possible, to put them out of       #
conceit with
that scoffing humour which is so easie, and so ill natur'd,     #
and is
not onely an enemy to Religion but to every thing else that is  #
wise
and worthy. And I am very much mistaken, if the State as well
as the Church, the civil government as well as Religion, do     #
not in
a short space find the intolerable inconvenience of this        #
humour.
   But I confine my self to the consideration of Religion. And
it is sad indeed, that in a Nation professing Christianity so   #
horrid
an impiety should dare to appear. But the Scripture hath        #
foretold
us that this sort of men should arise in the Gospel-age, and    #
they
did appear even in the Apostles days. That which is more sad
and strange is, that we should persist in this prophaneness     #
notwithstanding
the terrible judgments of God which have been abroad
in this Nation. God hath of late years manifested himself in a
very dreadful manner, as if it were on purpose to give a check  #
to
this insolent impiety. And now that those judgments have done
no good upon us we may justly fear that he will appear once     #
for all.
And 'tis time for him to shew himself when his very Being is    #
call'd
in question, and to come and judge the world when men begin to 
doubt whether he made it.
   The (^Scripture^) mentions two things as the fore-runners    #
and
reasons of his coming to judgment, (^infidelity^) , and         #
(^prophane scoffing^)
at Religion. (^When the Son of man comes, shall he find faith   #
on
the earth?^) And St. (^Jude^) out of an ancient prophecy of     #
(^Enoch^)
expresly mentions this as one reason of the coming of the Lord,
(^to convince ungodly sinners of all their hard speeches which  #
they
had spoken against him^) .
<P II:ii431>
   And if these things be a sign and reason of his coming, I    #
wish
that we in this Age had not too much cause to apprehend (^the   #
Judge
to be at the door^) . This impiety did fore-run the             #
destruction of
(^Jerusalem^) , and the utter ruine of the Jewish Nation, and   #
if it hold
on amongst us may not we have reason to fear that either (^the  #
end
of all things is at hand^) , or that some very dismal calamity  #
greater
than any our eyes have yet seen does hang over us? But I would
fain hope that God hath mercy still for us, and that men will   #
pity
themselves, and (^repent, and give glory to God^) , and (^know  #
in this
their day the things that belong to their peace^) . Which God   #
of
his infinite mercy grant for the sake of Christ, To whom with   #
the 
Father, (^&c^) . 

<S SAMPLE 3>
<P II:ii444>
   I come now to the

   III. Thing I propounded, which is, (^To Answer the main
Objection of our Adversaries against this Principle^) ; and     #
likewise
<P II:ii445>
to shew that there is no such Reason and necessity of an        #
universal
Infallible Judge, as they pretend. Now their great Objection is
this, If every man may judge for himself, there will be nothing
but confusion in Religion, there will be no end of              #
Controversies:
so that an universal infallible Judge is necessary, and         #
without this
God had not made sufficient provision for the assurance of      #
men's
Faith, and for the Peace and unity of his Church: Or, as it is
expressed in the Canon Law, (\aliter Dominus non videretur      #
fuisse
discretus\) , (^otherwise our Lord had not seem'd to be         #
discreet^) . How
plausible soever this Objection may appear, I do not despair    #
but
if men will lay aside prejudice, and impartially consider       #
things,
to make it abundantly evident, that this ground is not          #
sufficient
to found an Infallible Judge upon. And therefore in answer to   #
it,
I desire these following particulars may be considered.
   (^First^) , That this which they say, rather proves what     #
God should
have done according to their fancy, than what he hath really    #
and
actually done. My (^Text^) expresly bids Christians to (^try    #
the Spirits^) ,
which to any man's sense does imply that they may judge of      #
these
matters: But the Church of (^Rome^) says they may not; because
if this liberty were permitted, God had not ordered things      #
wisely,
and for the best, for the peace and unity of his Church. But,   #
as
the (^Apostle^) says in another case, (^What art thou, O man,   #
that
objectest against God^) ?
   (^Secondly^) , If this reasoning be good, we may as well     #
conclude
that there is an universal infallible Judge set over the whole  #
world
in all (^Temporal^) matters, to whose Authority all mankind is  #
bound
to submit. Because this is as necessary to the peace of the     #
World,
as the other is to the peace of the Church. And men surely are
every whit as apt to be obstinate and perverse about matters of
Temporal Right, as about matters of Faith. But it is evident in
fact and experience that there is no such universal Judge,      #
appointed
by God over the whole World, to decide all Cases of temporal
Right; and for want of him the World is fain to shift as well   #
as
it can. But now a very acute and scholastical man that would
argue that God must needs have done whatever he fancies         #
convenient
for the World should be done, might by the very same
way of Reasoning conclude the necessity of an universal         #
infallible
Judge in Civil matters, as well as in matters of Religion: And
<P II:ii446>
their (\aliter Dominus non videretur fuisse discretus\) ,       #
(^otherwise God
had not seem'd to be discreet^) , is every whit as cogent and   #
as civil,
in the one Case as the other.
   (^Thirdly^) , There is no need of such a Judg, to assure     #
men in
matters of Religion; Because men be sufficiently certain        #
without
him. I hope it may be certain and clear enough (^That there is  #
a
God^) ; and (^That his Providence governs the World^) : and     #
(^That
there is another life after this^) , though neither Pope nor    #
Council
had ever declared any thing about these matters. And for        #
Revealed
Doctrines, we may be certain enough of all that is necessary    #
if it
be true which the (^Fathers^) tell us, (^That all things        #
necessary are
plainly revealed in the Holy Scriptures^) .
   (^Fourthly^) , An infallible Judge, if there were one, is    #
no certain
way to end Controversies, and to preserve the unity of the      #
Church;
unless it were likewise infallibly certain, (^That there is     #
such a Judge^) ,
and, (^Who he is^) . For till men were sure of both these,      #
there would
still be a Controversy whether there be an infallible Judge,    #
and 
who he is. And if it be true which they tell us, (^That         #
without an
infallible Judge Controversies cannot be ended^) , then a       #
Controversie
concerning an infallible Judge can never be ended. And there    #
are
(^two^) Controversies actually on foot about an infallible      #
Judg; One,
(^Whether there be an infallible Judge or not^) ? which is a    #
Controversie
between Us and the Church of Rome: and the other, (^Who 
this infallible Judge is^) ? which is a Controversie among      #
themselves,
which could never yet be decided [^EDITION: becided^] : And     #
yet till it be decided, 
Infallibility, if they had it, would be of no use to them for   #
the
ending of Controversies.
   (^Fifthly^) , There is no such absolute need, as is          #
pretended, of
determining all Controversies in Religion. If men would devest
<P II:ii447>
themselves of prejudice and interest, as they ought, in         #
matters of
Religion, the necessary things of Religion are plain enough,    #
and
men would generally agree well enough about them: But if men
will suffer themselves to be byassed by these, they would not
hearken to an infallible Judge, if there were one; or they      #
would
find out some way or other to call his Infallibility into       #
question.
And as for doubtful and lesser matters in Religion, charity and
mutual forbearance among Christians would make the Church as
peaceable and happy, as perhaps it was ever design'd to be in   #
this
World, without absolute unity in Opinion.
   (^Sixthly^) and (^Lastly^) , Whatever may be the             #
inconveniences of
mens judging for themselves in Religion, yet taking this        #
Principle
with the Cautions I have given, I doubt not to make it appear,  #
that
the inconveniences are far the least on that side. The present
condition of humane Nature doth not admit of any constitution
of things, whether in Religion or Civil matters, which is free  #
from
all kind of exception and inconvenience: That is the best state
of things which is liable to the least and fewest. If men be    #
modest,
and humble, and willing to learn, God hath done that which is
sufficient for the assurance of our Faith, and for the peace    #
of his
Church, without an infallible Judge: And if men will not be so,
I cannot tell what would be sufficient. I am sure there were
Heresies and Schisms in the (^Apostles^) Times, when Those who
governed the Church were certainly guided by an infallible      #
Spirit.
God hath appointed Guides and Teachers for us in matters of
Religion, and if we will be contented to be instructed by them  #
in
those necessary Articles and Duties of Religion, which are      #
plainly
contained in Scripture; and to be counselled and directed by    #
them
in things that are more doubtful and difficult, I do not see    #
why
we might not do well enough without any infallible Judge or     #
Guide.
   But still it will be said, Who shall judge what things are   #
plain
and what doubtful? The answer to this, in my opinion, is not
difficult. For if there be any thing plain in Religion, every   #
man
that hath been duly instructed in the Principles of Religion    #
can
judge of it, or else it is not plain. But there are some        #
things in
Religion so very plain, that no Guide or Judge can in reason    #
claim
that Authority over men, as to oblige them to believe or do the
contrary; no, though he pretend to Infallibility; no, though he
were an (^Apostle^) , though he were an (^Angel from            #
heaven^) . St. (^Paul^)
puts the case so high, (^Gal.^) 1.8. (^Though we, or an Angel   #
from
<P II:ii448>
received, let him be accursed^) : which plainly supposeth that  #
Christians
may and can judge when Doctrines are contrary to the Gospel.
What? not believe an (^Apostle^) , nor (^an Angel from          #
heaven^) , if he
should teach any thing evidently contrary to the plain Doctrine
of the Gospel? If he should determine Vertue to be Vice, and
Vice to be Vertue? No; not an Apostle, nor an Angel; because
such a Doctrine as this would confound and overturn all things
in Religion. And yet (^Bellarmin^) puts this very Case, and     #
says,
If the Pope should so determine, (^we were bound to believe     #
him,
unless we would sin against Conscience^) .
   I will conclude this Discourse by putting a very plain and
familiar Case; by which it will appear what credit and          #
authority
is fit to be given to a Guide, and what not. Suppose I came a
Stranger into (^England^) , and landing at (^Dover^) took a     #
Guide there
to conduct me in my way to (^York^) , which I knew before by    #
the
(^Mapp^) to lie (^North^) of (^Dover^) : having committed my    #
self to him,
if he lead me for two or three days together out of any plain   #
Road,
and many times over hedge and ditch, I cannot but think it      #
strange,
that in a Civil and well inhabited Country there should be no
Highways from one part of it to another: Yet thus far I submit
to him, though not without some regret and impatience. But then
if after this, for two or three days more he lead me directly   #
(^South^) ,
and with my face full upon the Sun at noon-day, and at last     #
bring
me back again to (^Dover Pere^) ; and still bids me follow him:
Then certainly no modesty do's oblige a man not to dispute with
his Guide, and to tell him surely that can be no way because    #
it is
(^Sea^) . Now though he set never so bold a face upon the       #
matter,
and tell me with all the gravity and authority in the world,    #
That
it is not (^the Sea^) but (^dry Land^) under the (^species^)    #
and (^appearance
of Water^) ; and that whatever my eyes tell me, having once     #
committed 
my self to his guidance, I must not trust my own senses in
the case; it being one of the most dangerous sorts of           #
Infidelity
for a man to believe his own eyes rather than his (^faithful^)  #
and
(^infallible Guide^) : All this moves me not; But I begin to    #
expostulate
roundly with him, and to let him understand that if I must
not believe what I see, he is like to be of no farther use to   #
me;
because I shall not be able, at this rate, to know whether I    #
have
<P II:ii449>
a Guide, and whether I follow him him or not. In short, I tell  #
him
plainly, that when I took him for my Guide, I did not take him  #
to
tell me the difference between (^North^) and (^South^) ,        #
between a (^Hedge^)
and a (^High-way^) , between (^Sea^) and (^dry Land^) ; all     #
this I knew
before, as well as he or any man else could tell me; but I      #
took 
him to conduct and direct me the nearest way to (^York^) : And
therefore after all his impertinent talk; after all his         #
Motives of
Credibility to perswade me to believe him, and all his          #
confident
(^sayings^) , which he gravely calls (^Demonstrations^) , I     #
stand stifly upon
the shore, and leave my learned and reverend Guide to take his
own course, and to dispose of himself as he pleaseth; but       #
firmly
resolved not to follow him. And is any man to be blamed that
breaks with his Guide upon these Terms?
   And this is truly the Case, when a man commits himself to    #
the
Guidance of any Person or Church: If by vertue of this          #
Authority
they will needs perswade me out of my senses, and not to        #
believe
(^what I see^) , but (^what they say; that Vertue is Vice, and  #
Vice 
Vertue^) , if they declare them to be so: And that because      #
they say
they are Infallible, I am to receive all their Dictates for     #
Oracles,
tho never so evidently false and absurd in the Judgment of all
Mankind: In this case there is no way to be rid of these        #
unreasonable
People, but to desire of them, since one kindness deserves
another, and all Contradictions are alike easie to be           #
believed, that
(^they^) would be pleased to believe that Infidelity is Faith,  #
and that
when I absolutely renounce their Authority, I do yield a most 
perfect submission and obedience to it.
   Upon the whole matter, all the Revelations of God, as well
as the Laws of men, go upon this presumption, that men are not
stark fools; but that they will consider their Interest and     #
have
some regard to the great concernment of their eternal           #
salvation.
And this is as much to secure men from mistake in matters of    #
Belief,
as God hath afforded to keep men from sin in matters of         #
Practice.
He hath made no effectual and infallible provision that men     #
shall
not sin; and yet it would puzzle any man to give a good Reason,
why God should take more care to secure men against Errors in
belief, than against sin and wickedness in their Lives.
   I shall now only draw (^three^) or (^four^) Inferences from  #
this
Discourse which I have made, and so conclude.
<P II:ii450>
   1. (^That it is every mans Duty who hath ability and         #
capacity 
for it, to endeavour to understand the grounds of his           #
Religion.^) 
For to try Doctrines is to enquire into the grounds and reasons
of them; which the better any man understands, the more firmly
he will be established in the Truth, and be the more resolute   #
in
the day of Trial, and the better able to withstand the Arts and
assaults of cunning Adversaries, and the fierce storms of       #
Persecution.
And on the contrary, that man will soon be moved from
his stedfastness who never examined the Grounds and Reasons
of his belief. When it comes to the Trial, he that hath but     #
little
to say for his Religion will probably neither do nor suffer     #
much
for it.
   2. (^That all Doctrines are vehemently to be suspected which
decline Trial^) , and are so loath to be brought into the       #
light; which
will not endure a fair Examination, but magisterially require   #
an
implicite Faith: Whereas Truth is bold and full of courage, and
loves to appear openly: and is so secure and confident of her   #
own
strength as to offer her self to the severest Trial and         #
Examination.
But to deny all liberty of Enquiry and Judgment in matters of
Religion is the greatest injury and disparagement to Truth that
can be, and a tacite acknowledgment that she lies under some    #
disadvantage,
and that there is less to be said for her than for Error.
   I have often wonder'd why the People in the Church of        #
(^Rome^)
do not suspect their Teachers and Guides to have some ill       #
design
upon them, when they do so industriously debar them of the      #
means
of Knowledge, and are so very loath to let them understand what
it is that we have to say against their Religion. For can any   #
thing
in the world be more suspicious than to perswade men, to put    #
out
their eyes, upon promise that they will help them to a much     #
better
and more faithful Guide? If any Church, any profession of men,
be unwilling their Doctrines should be exposed to Trial, it is  #
a
certain sign they know something by them that is faulty, and    #
which
will not endure the light. This is the account which our        #
Saviour
gives us in a like case, It was (^because mens deeds were       #
evil^) that 
(^they loved darkness rather than light^) . For (^every one     #
that doth
evil hateth the light; neither cometh he to the light lest his  #
deeds
should be reproved: But he that doth the truth cometh to the    #
light,
that his deeds may be made manifest that they are wrought in    #
God^) .
<P II:ii451>
   3. Since Reason and Christianity allow this liberty to       #
private
persons to judg for themselves in matters of Religion, we       #
should
use this privilege with much modesty and humility, with great   #
submission
and deference to our Spiritual Rulers and Guides, whom
God hath appointed in his Church. And there is very great need
of this Caution, since by experience we find this liberty so    #
much
abused by many to the nourishing of Pride and Self-conceit, of
Division and faction; and those who are least able to judge, to
be frequently the most forward and confident, the most          #
peremptory
and perverse: and instead of demeaning themselves with the      #
submission
of Learners, to assume to themselves the authority of
Judges, even in the most doubtful and disputable matters.
   The Tyranny of the (^Roman^) Church over the Minds and       #
Consciences
of men is not to be justified upon any account: but nothing
puts so plausible a colour upon it, as the ill use that is too  #
frequently
made of this natural Privilege of mens judging for themselves   #
in
a matter of so infinite concernment, as that of their eternal   #
happiness.
But then it is to be consider'd, that the proper remedy in
this Case, is not to deprive men of this Priviledge, but to     #
use the 
best means to prevent the abuse of it. For though the           #
(^inconveniences^)
arising from the ill use of it may be very great, yet the
(^mischief^) on the other hand is intolerable. Religion it      #
self is liable
to be abused to very bad purposes, and frequently is so; but    #
it is
not therefore best that there should be no Religion: And yet    #
this
Objection, if it be of any force and be pursued home, is every  #
whit
as strong against Religion it self, as against mens liberty of  #
judging
in matters of Religion. Nay I add farther, that no man can
judiciously embrace the true Religion, unless he be permitted   #
to
judge, whether that which he embraces be the true Religion or   #
not.
   4. When upon due Trial and Examination we are well setled
and establish'd in our Religion, (^let us hold fast the         #
profession of
our Faith without wavering^) ; and not be (^like Children,      #
tossed
to and fro, and carried about with every wind of Doctrine,      #
through
the sleight of men, and the cunning craftiness of those who     #
lye in
wait to deceive^) . And above all, let us resolve to live       #
according
to the excellent Rules and Precepts of our holy Religion; let   #
us
heartily obey that Doctrine which we profess to believe. We,    #
who
enjoy the (^Protestant^) Religion, have all the means and       #
advantages
<P II:ii452>
of understanding the Will of God, free liberty and full scope   #
of
enquiring into it: and informing our selves concerning it: We
have all the opportunities we can wish of coming to the         #
knowledge
of our Duty: The Oracles of God lie open to us, and his Law is
continually before our eyes; (^his word is nigh unto us in our  #
mouths,
and in our hearts^) ; (that is, we may read it and meditate     #
upon it)
(^that we may do it: The Key of Knowledg is^) put into our      #
hands,
so that if we do not (^enter into the Kingdom of Heaven^) , it  #
is we
our selves that shut our selves out. And where there is nothing
to hinder us from the knowledge of our Duty, there certainly    #
nothing
can excuse us from the practice of it. For the end of all
knowledg is to direct men in their duty, and effectually to     #
engage
them to the performance of it: The great business of Religion
is, (^to make men truly good, and to teach them to live         #
well^) . And
if Religion have not this effect, it matters not of what Church #
any
man lists and enters himself; for most certainly, (^A bad man   #
can
be saved in none^) . Tho a man know the right way to Heaven     #
never
so well, and be entred into it, yet if he will not walk         #
therein, he
shall never come thither: Nay, it will be an aggravation of     #
this
man's unhappiness, that he was lost in the way to Heaven, and
perish'd in the very road to Salvation. But if we will in good
earnest apply our selves to the practice of Religion, and the   #
obedience
of God's Holy Laws, his Grace will never be wanting to us
to so good a purpose.
   I have not time to recommend Religion to you at large, with
all its advantages. I will comprise what I have to say in a few
words, and mind them at your peril. Let that which is our great
concernment be our great care. (^To know the truth and to do    #
it,
To fear God and keep his Commandments.^) Considering the
Reasonableness and the Reward of Piety and Virtue, nothing can
be wiser; considering the mighty assistance of God's Grace,     #
which
he is ready to afford us, and the unspeakable satisfaction and
delight which is to be had in the doing of our duty, nothing    #
can
be easier: Nothing will give us that pleasure, while we live;   #
nothing
can minister that true and solid comfort to us, when we come 
to die: There is probably no such way for a man to be happy in
<P II:ii453>
this World; to be sure, there is no way but this to escape the
intolerable and endless miseries of another World.
   (^Now God grant that we may all know and do in this our day,
the things that belong to our peace, for his Mercies sake in    #
Jesus
Christ: To whom with the Father and the Holy Ghost be all
Honour and Glory now and for ever^) , Amen. 



<B CESERM3B>
<Q E3 IR SERM JETAYLOR>
<N MARRIAGE RING>
<A TAYLOR JEREMY>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T SERMON>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I FORMAL>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TAYLOR, JEREMY.
THE MARRIAGE RING (1673).
ED. F. COUTTS.
LONDON AND NEW YORK: JOHN LANE, 1907.
PP. 8.6 - 28.29^]

<P 8>
   Single life makes men in one instance to be like Angels,
but Marriage in very many things makes the chast pair to be
like to Christ. (^This is a great mystery^) , but it is the     #
symbolical
and sacramental representment of the greatest mysteries of
our Religion. Christ descended from his Father's bosom,
and contracted his Divinity with flesh and bloud, and married
our Nature, and we became a Church, the spouse of the
Bridegroom, which he cleansed with his Bloud, and gave her
his holy Spirit for a dowry, and Heaven for a joynture;         #
begetting 
children unto God by the Gospel. This Spouse he
hath joyn'd to himself by an excellent Charity, he feeds her at
his own Table, and lodges her nigh his own Heart, provides
for all her Necessities, relieves her Sorrows, determines her
Doubts, guides her Wandrings, he is become her Head, and
she as a Signet upon his right hand; he first indeed was
betrothed to the Synagogue and had many children by her,
but she forsook her love, and then he married the Church
of the Gentiles, and by her as by a second venter had a more
numerous Issue, (\atque una domus est omnium filiorum ejus\) ,
all the Children dwell in the same house, and are Heirs of the
same promises, intituled to the same Inheritance. Here is
the eternal Conjunction, the indissoluble knot, the exceeding
love of Christ, the obedience of the Spouse, the                #
communicating
of Goods, the uniting of Interests, the fruit of Marriage, a
celestial Generation, a new Creature; (\Sacramentum hoc magnum 
est\) ; this is the Sacramental mystery, represented by the
holy Rite of Marriage; so that Marriage is divine in its
<P 9>
Institution, sacred in its Union, holy in the Mystery,          #
sacramental
in its Signification, honourable in its Appellative,
religious in its Imployments: It is Advantage to the societies
of men, and it is (^Holiness to the Lord^) . (\Dico autem in    #
Christo
& Ecclesia\) , It must be in Christ and the Church.
   If this be not observed, Marriage loses its mysteriousness:
but because it is to effect much of that which it signifies,
it concerns all that enter into those golden fetters to see
that Christ and his Church be in at every of its periods,
and that it be intirely conducted and over-rul'd by Religion;
for so the Apostle passes from the sacramental rite to the real
duty; (^Nevertheless^) , that is, although the former Discourse
were wholly to explicate the Conjunction of Christ and his
Church by this similitude, yet it hath in it this real Duty,    #
(^that
the man love his wife, and the wife reverence her husband^) :
and this is the use we shall now make of it, the particulars of 
which precept I shall thus dispose:
   1. I shall propound the Duty as it generally relates to
Man and Wife in conjunction. 2. The duty and power of
the Man. 3. The rights and priviledges, and the duty of
the Wife.
   1. (\In Christo & Ecclesia\) that begins all, and there is
great need it should be so: for they that enter into the state
of marriage, cast a dye of the greatest contingency, and yet of 
the greatest interest in the world, next to the last throw
for Eternity.
[^GREEK OMITTED^]
Life or death, felicity or a lasting sorrow are in the power
of marriage. A woman indeed ventures most for she hath no
Sanctuary to retire to from an evil Husband; she must dwell
upon her Sorrow, and hatch the Eggs which her own Folly or
<P 10>
Infelicity hath produced; and she is more under it, because
her tormentor hath a warrant of prerogative, and the Woman
may complain to God as Subjects do of tyrant Princes, but
otherwise she hath no appeal in the causes of unkindness.
And though the man can run from many hours of his sadness,
yet he must return to it again, and when he sits among his
neighbours, he remembers the objection that lies in his bosom,
and he sighs deeply.

(\Ah tum te miserum, malique fati
Quem attractis pedibus patente porta
Percurrent mugilesque raphanique.\)

The boys, and the pedlers, and the fruiterers shall tell of     #
this
man, when he is carried to his grave, that he lived and died a
poor wretched person. The Stags in the Greek Epigram,
whose Knees were clog'd with frozen Snow upon the mountains,
came down to the Brooks of the valleys, [^GREEK OMITTED^]
hoping to thaw their joynts with the waters of
the stream; but there the Frost overtook them, and bound
them fast in Ice, till the young Heards-men took them in
their stranger snare. It is the unhappy chance of many men,
finding many inconveniences upon the mountains of single
life, they descend into the valleys of marriage to
refresh their troubles, and there they enter into
fetters, and are bound to sorrow by the cords of
a mans or womans peevishness: and the worst
of the evil is, they are to thank their own follies;
for they fell into the snare by entering an improper 
way: Christ and the Church were no ingredients 
in their choice: but as the (^Indian^) Women enter
into folly for the price of an Elephant, and think their Crime
warrantable; so do men and women change their liberty for
<P 11>
a rich fortune (like (^Eriphyle^) the (^Argive^) , [^GREEK      #
OMITTED^]
she preferr'd gold before a good man)
and shew themselves to be less than money by overvaluing
that to all the content and wise felicity of their lives: and
when they have counted the Money and their Sorrows together, 
how willingly would they buy with the Loss
of all that money, Modesty, or sweet Nature to
their relative! the odd thousand pound would
gladly be allowed in good nature and fair manners. 
As very a Fool is he that chuses for
Beauty principally; (\cui sunt eruditi oculi, & stulta
mens\) (as one said,) whose Eyes are witty, and
their Soul sensual; It is an ill band of affections
to tie two hearts together by a little thread of red and white.

[^GREEK OMITTED^]

And they can love no longer but until the next Ague comes,
and they are fond of each other but at the chance of fancy, or
the small Pox, or Child-bearing, or Care, or Time, or any
thing that can destroy a pretty Flower. But it is the basest
of all when lust is the Paranymph and solicites the suit, and
makes the contract, and joyns the hands; for this is commonly
the effect of the former, according to the Greek proverb,

[^GREEK OMITTED^]

At first for his fair cheeks and comely Beard, the beast
is taken for a Lion, but at last he is turn'd to a Dragon, or
a Leopard, or a Swine. That which is at first Beauty on the
face may prove Lust in the manners.

[^GREEK OMITTED^]
<P 12>
So (^Eubulus^) wittily reprehended such impure contracts; they
offer in their marital Sacrifices nothing but the Thigh, and
that which the Priests cut from the Goats when they were
laid to bleed upon the Altars. [^GREEK OMITTED^]
Said S. (^Clement^) . "He or she that looks too curiously upon
"the beauty of the body, looks too low, and hath flesh and      #
corruption
in his Heart, and is judg'd sensual and earthly in
his Affections and Desires." Begin therefore with God;
Christ is the President of marriage, and the holy Ghost is the
Fountain of purities and chast loves, and he joyns the hearts;
and therefore let our first Suit be in the court of Heaven, and
with designs of Piety, or Safety, or Charity; let no impure
spirit defile the virgin purities and (^castifications of the   #
soul^) ,
(as S. (^Peters^) phrase is;) let all such Contracts begin      #
with religious 
affections.

(\Conjugium petimus, partumque uxoris; at illis
Notum, qui pueri qualisve futura sit uxor.\)

We sometimes beg of God, for a Wife or a Child, and he
alone knows what the wife shall prove, and by what              #
dispositions
and manners, and into what fortune that child shall
enter: but we shall not need to fear concerning the Event of
it, if Religion, and fair Intentions, and Prudence manage, and
conduct it all the way. The preservation of a Family, the
production of Children, the avoiding Fornication, the           #
refreshment
of our Sorrows by the comforts of Society, all these are
fair Ends of Marriage and hallow the entrance; but, in these
there is a special order; society was the first designed,       #
(^It is
not good for man to be alone^) ; Children was the next,         #
(^Increase
and multiply^) ; but the avoiding fornication came in by the
<P 13>
superfoetation of the evil accidents of the world. The first
makes marriage Delectable, the second necessary to the
Publick, the third necessary to the Particular; This is for
safety, for life, and Heaven it self;

(\Nam simulac venas inflavit dira cupido,
Huc juvenes aequum est descendere; -\)

   The other have in them joy and a portion of Immortality:
the first makes the mans Heart glad; the second is the friend
of Kingdoms, and Cities, and Families; and the third is the
Enemy to Hell, and an Antidote of the chiefest inlet to
damnation: but of all these the noblest End is the multiplying
children, (\Mundus cum patet, Deorum tristium atque inferum
quasi patet janua; propterea uxorem liberorum quaerendorum
causa ducere religiosum est\) , said (^Varro^) , It is          #
religion to marry
for children; and (^Quintilian^) put it into the definition of  #
a
wife, (\est enim uxor quam jungit, quam diducit utilitas; cujus
haec reverentia est, quod videtur inventa in causa              #
liberorum\) ,
and therefore S. (^Ignatius^) when he had spoken of (^Elias^) , #
and
(^Titus^) , and (^Clement^) , with an honourable mention of     #
their
virgin-state, lest he might seem to have lessened the married
Apostles, at whose feet in Christs Kingdom he thought himself 
unworthy to sit, he gives this testimony, they were 
[^GREEK OMITTED^] that they
might not be disparaged in their great names of holiness and
severity, they were secured by not marrying to satisfie their
lower appetites, but out of desire of children. Other           #
considerations 
if they be incident and by way of appendage, are
also considerable in the accounts of prudence; but when they
become principles, they defile the mystery and make the
blessing doubtful: (\Amabit sapiens, cupient caeteri\) ,        #
said (^Afranius^) ,
<P 14>
Love is a fair Inducement, but Desire and Appetite are
rude, and the Characterisms of a sensual person: (\Amare
justi & boni est, cupere impotentis\) ; to love, belongs to     #
a just
and a good man; but to lust, or furiously and passionately
to desire, is the sign of impotency and an unruly mind.
   2. Man and Wife are equally concerned to avoid all
Offences of each other in the beginning of their conversation:
every little thing can blast an infant Blossom; and the breath
of the South can shake the little rings of the Vine, when first
they begin to curle like the locks of a new weaned boy; but
when by Age and consolidation they stiffen into the hardness
of a stem, and have by the warm embraces of the Sun and the
kisses of Heaven brought forth their clusters, they can endure
the storms of the North, and the loud noises of a Tempest,
and yet never be broken: So are the early unions of an
unfixed Marriage; watchful and observant, jealous and busie,
inquisitive and careful, and apt to take alarum at every unkind
word. For Infirmities do not manifest themselves in the first
Scenes, but in the succession of a long Society; and it is not
chance or weakness when it appears at first, but it is want of
love or prudence, or it will be so expounded; and that which
appears ill at first usually affrights the unexperienced man or
woman, who makes unequal conjectures, and fancies mighty
sorrows by the proportions of the new and early unkindness.
It is a very great Passion, or a huge Folly, or a certain want
of Love, that cannot preserve the colours and beauties of
Kindness, so long as publick Honesty requires a man to wear
their Sorrows for the death of a Friend. (^Plutarch^) compares
a new Marriage to a Vessel before the hoops are on, 
[^GREEK OMITTED^] every
thing dissolves their tender compaginations, but [^GREEK        #
OMITTED^]
<P 15>
when the joynts are stiffened and are tied by a firm            #
compliance
and proportion'd bending, scarcely can it be dissolved
without Fire or the violence of Iron. After the Hearts of
the man and the wife are endeared and hardened by a mutual
Confidence, and Experience longer than artifice and pretence
can last, there are a great many remembrances, and some
things present that dash all little unkindnesses in pieces.
The little Boy in the Greek Epigram, that was creeping
down a Precipice was invited to his Safety by the sight of
his Mother's pap, when nothing else could intice him to
return: and the bond of common Children, and the sight
of her that nurses what is most dear to him, and the            #
endearments
of each other in the course of a long society, and the
same relation is an excellent security to redintegrate and to
call that love back which folly and trifling accidents would
disturb.

(\- Tormentum ingens nubentibus haeret
Quae nequeunt parere, & partu retinere maritos.\)

When it is come thus far, it is hard untwisting the Knot;
but be careful in its first coalition, that there be no         #
rudeness
done; for if there be, it will for ever after be apt to start
and to be diseased.
   3. Let man and wife be careful to stifle little things,
that as fast as they spring, they be cut down and trod upon;
for if they be suffered to grow by numbers, they make the
spirit peevish, and the Society troublesome, and the Affections
loose and easie by an habitual Aversation. Some men are
more vexed with a Flie than with a Wound; and when the
Gnats disturb our sleep, and the Reason is disquieted but not
perfectly awakened; it is often seen that he is fuller of       #
trouble
than if in the day-light of his reason he were to contest with
<P 16>
a potent enemy. In the frequent little accidents of a           #
Family,
a mans reason cannot always be awake; and when his Discourses 
are imperfect, and a trifling Trouble makes him yet
more restless, he is soon betrayed to the violence of Passion.
It is certain that the man or woman are in a state of weakness
and folly then, when they can be troubled with a trifling
accident; and therefore it is not good to tempt their           #
affections,
when they are in that state of danger. In this case the
Caution is, to substract Fuel from the sudden Flame; for
stubble though it be quickly kindled, yet it is as soon         #
extinguished,
if it be not blown by a pertinacious breath, or
fed with new materials. Add no new provocations to the
accident, and do not inflame this, and peace will soon return,
and the discontent will pass away soon, as the sparks from the
collision of a flint; ever remembring, that Discontents         #
proceeding
from daily little things, do breed a secret undiscernable 
Disease, which is more dangerous than a Fever
proceeding from a discerned notorious Surfeit.
   4. Let them be sure to abstain from all those things,
which by experience and observation they find to be contrary
to each other. They that govern Elephants never appear
before them in White, and the Masters of Bulls keep from
them all garments of Bloud and Scarlet, as knowing that they
will be impatient of civil usages and discipline, when their
Natures are provoked by their proper Antipathies. The
ancients in their martial Hieroglyphicks us'd to depict
(^Mercury^) standing by (^Venus^) , to signifie, that by        #
fair language
and sweet intreaties, the minds of each other should be
united; and hard by them, (\Suadam & Gratias descripserunt\) ,
they would have all deliciousness of manners, compliance and
mutual observance to abide.
   5. Let the Husband and Wife infinitely avoid a curious
<P 17>
distinction of (^mine^) and (^thine^) ; for this hath           #
caused all the
Laws, and all the Suits, and all the Wars in the World; let
them who have but one Person, have also but one Interest.
The Husband and Wife are heirs to each other (as (^Dionysius
Halicarnasseus^) relates from (^Romulus^) ) if they die         #
without
Children; but if there be Children, the Wife is [^GREEK         #
OMITTED^]
a partner in the Inheritance. But during their life,
the use and imployment is common to both their necessities,
and in this there is no other Difference of right, but that     #
the
Man hath the Dispensation of all, and may keep it from his
Wife just as the Governour of a Town may keep it from the
right Owner; he hath the (^power^) , but (^no right^) to        #
do so. And
when either of them begins to impropriate, it is like a         #
tumour
in the flesh, it draws more than its share; but what it feeds
on, turns to a bile: and therefore the (^Romans^) forbad any
Donations to be made between Man and Wife, because
neither of them could transfer a new Right of those things,
which already they had in common; but this is to be understood 
only concerning the uses of necessity and personal
conveniences; for so all may be the Woman's, and all may be
the Man's in several regards. (^Corvinus^) dwells in a Farm
and receives all its profits, and reaps and sows as he please,
and eats of the Corn and drinks of the Wine; it is his own:
but all that also is his Lords, and for it (^Corvinus^) pays
Acknowledgement; and his Patron hath such powers and uses
of it as are proper to the Lords; and yet for all this, it may
be the Kings too, to all the purposes that he can need, and
is all to be accounted in the (^census^) and for certain        #
services
and times of danger: So are the Riches of a Family, they
are a Womans as well as a Mans: they are hers for Need,
and hers for Ornament, and hers for modest Delight, and for
the uses of Religion and prudent Charity; but the disposing
<P 18>
them into portions of inheritance, the assignation of charges
and governments, stipends and rewards, annuities and greater
donatives are the reserves of the superior right, and not to
be invaded by the under-possessors. But in those things,
where they ought to be common, if the spleen or the belly
swells and draws into its capacity much of that which should
be spent upon those parts, which have an equal right to be
maintain'd, it is a dropsie or a consumption of the whole,
something that is evil because it is unnatural and monstrous.
(^Macarius^) in his 32 Homily speaks fully in this              #
particular, a
Woman betrothed to a Man bears all her Portion, and with
a mighty Love pours it into the hands of her Husband, and
says, [^GREEK OMITTED^] , I have nothing of my own; my Goods,
my Portion, my Body and my Mind is yours. [^GREEK OMITTED^]
all that a Woman hath is reckoned to the right of
her Husband; not her wealth and her person only, but her
reputation and her praise; so (^Lucian^) . But as the Earth,
the Mother of all Creatures here below, sends up all its
Vapours and proper emissions at the command of the Sun,
and yet requires them again to refresh her own Needs, and
they are deposited between them both in the bosome of a
Cloud as a common receptacle, that they may cool his Flames,
and yet descend to make her Fruitful: So are the                #
proprieties
of a Wife to be dispos'd of by her Lord; and yet all are for
her provisions, it being a part of his need to refresh and
supply hers, and it serves the interest of both while it        #
serves
the necessities of either.
   These are the Duties of them both, which have common
regards and equal necessities, and obligations; and indeed
there is scarce any matter of duty, but it concerns them both
alike, and is only distinguished by names, and hath its         #
variety
<P 19>
by circumstances and little accidents: and what in one is
call'd (^love^) , in the other is called (^reverence^) ; and    #
what in the
wife is (^obedience^) , the same in the man is (^duty^) . He    #
provides,
and she dispenses; he gives commandments, and she rules
by them; he rules her by Authority, and she rules him by
Love; she ought by all means to please him, and he must
by no means displease her. For as the Heart is set in the
midst of the Body, and though it strikes to one side by the
prerogative of Nature, yet those throbs and constant motions
are felt on the other side also, and the influence is equal to
both: So it is in conjugal Duties; some motions are to the
one side more than to the other, but the interest is on both,
and the Duty is equal in the several instances. If it be
otherwise, the Man enjoys a Wife as (^Periander^) did his dead
(^Melissa^) , by an unnatural Union, neither pleasing, nor      #
holy,
useless to all the purposes of Society, and dead to Content.
<P 20>
[}PART II.}]

   The next Inquiry is more particular, and considers
the Power and Duty of the Man; (^Let every one of
you so love his Wife even as himself^) ; she is as himself, 
the man hath power over her as over himself,
and must love her equally. A Husbands power over his
wife is paternal and friendly, not magisterial and despotick.
The wife is in (\perpetua tutela\) , under conduct and counsel;
for, the power a man hath is founded in the understanding,
not in the will or force; it is not a power of coercion, but a
power of advice, and that government that wise men have
over those who are fit to be conducted by them: (\Et vos in
manu et in tutela non in servitio debetis habere eas, et malle
patres vos, et viros, quam dominos dici\) , said (^Valerius^)   #
in (^Livie^) ;
Husbands should rather be (^Fathers^) than (^Lords^) .          #
(^Homer^) adds
more soft appellatives to the character of a Husbands duty,
[^GREEK OMITTED^]
Thou art to be a Father and a Mother to her, and a Brother:
and great reason, unless the state of Marriage should be no
better than the condition of an Orphan. For she that is
bound to leave Father and Mother, and Brother for thee,
either is miserable like a poor fatherless child, or else ought
<P 21>
to find all these, and more in thee. (^Medea^) in (^Euripides^) #
had
cause to complain when she found it otherwise.

[^GREEK OMITTED^]

Which Saint (^Ambrose^) well translates: It is sad, when        #
Virgins
are with their own Money sold to Slavery; and that Services
are in better state than Marriages; for they receive Wages,
but these buy their Fetters and pay dear for their loss of
Liberty; and therefore the (^Romans^) expressed the mans power
over his wife but by a gentle word, (\Nec vero mulieribus       #
praefectus 
praeponatur, qui apud Graecos creari solet, sed sit censor
qui viros doceat moderari uxoribus\) ; said (^Cicero^) ,        #
let there be
no Governour of the Woman appointed, but a Censor of
Manners, one to teach the men (^to moderate their Wives^) ,     #
that
is, fairly to induce them to the measures of their own          #
proportions. 
It was rarely observed of (^Philo^) , [^GREEK OMITTED^]
when (^Adam^) made that fond Excuse for his Folly in eating
the forbidden fruit, he said (^The woman thou gavest to be
with me she gave me^) He says not (^The woman which thou
gavest to me^) no such thing; she is none of his Goods, none
of his Possessions, not to be reckoned amongst his Servants;
God did not give her to him so; but (^The woman thou gavest
to be with me^) that is, to be my partner, the Companion of my
joys and sorrows, thou gavest her for Use, not for Dominion.
The Dominion of a man over his Wife is no other than as
the Soul rules the Body; for which it takes a mighty care,
and uses it with a delicate tenderness, and cares for it in all
<P 22>
contingencies, and watches to keep it from all evils, and
studies to make for it fair provisions, and very often is led
by its inclinations and desires, and does never contradict
its appetites, but when they are evil, and then also not        #
without
some trouble and sorrow; and its Government comes only to
this, it furnishes the body with light and understanding, and
the body furnishes the soul with hands and feet; the Soul
governs, because the body cannot else be happy, but the
(^government^) is no other than (^provision^) ; as a Nurse      #
governs
a Child, when she causes him to eat, and to be warm, and
dry, and quiet: and yet even the very government itself is
divided; for Man and Wife in the family, are as the Sun
and Moon in the firmament of Heaven; He rules by Day,
and she by Night, that is, in the lesser and more proper
Circles of her affairs, in the conduct of domestick             #
provisions
and necessary offices, and shines only by his light, and rules
by his authority; and as the Moon in opposition to the Sun
shines brightest, that is, then, when she is in her own circles
and separate regions; so is the authority of the Wife then
most conspicuous, when she is separate and in her proper
Sphere; in (^Gynaeceo^) , in the nursery and offices of         #
domestick
employment: but when she is in conjunction with the Sun her
Brother, that is, in that place and employment in which his
care and proper offices are employed, her light is not seen,
her authority hath no proper business; but else there is no
difference: for they were barbarous people, among whom wives
were instead of servants, said (^Spartianus^) in                #
(^Caracalla^) ; and
it is a sign of impotency and weakness, to force the Camels to
kneel for their Load, because thou hast not spirit and strength
enough to climb: To make the affections and evenness of a
wife bend by the flexures of a servant, is a sign the man is
not wise enough to govern, when another stands by. So
<P 23>
many differences as can be in the appellatives of (\Dominus\)
and (\Domina\) , Governour and Governess, Lord and Lady,
Master and Mistress, the same difference there is in the
authority of man and woman, and no more; (\Si tu Caius, ego
Caia\) , was publickly proclaimed upon the threshold of the
young mans house, when the bride enter'd into his hands
and power; and the title of (\Domina\) in the sense of the      #
Civil
Law, was among the (^Romans^) given to Wives.

(\Hi Dominam Ditis thalamo deducere adorti\) ,

said (^Virgil^) : where, though (^Servius^) says it was         #
spoken after
the manner of the (^Greeks^) , who call'd the Wife [^GREEK      #
OMITTED^] , Lady
or Mistress, yet it was so amongst both the Nations.

(\Ac domum Dominam voca\) , says (^Catullus^) ;
(\Haerebit Dominae vir comes ipse suae\) , so (^Martial^) ;

And therefore although there is just measure of Subjection
and Obedience due from the Wife to the Husband (as I shall
after explain) yet nothing of this expressed is in the mans
Character, or in his Duty; he is not commanded to rule, nor
instructed how, nor bidden to exact obedience, or to defend
his priviledge; all his Duty is signified by (^Love^) , by      #
(^nourishing
and cherishing^) , by being joyned with her in all the unions   #
of
charity, by (^not being bitter to her^) , by (^dwelling with    #
her according 
to knowledge, giving honour to her^) : so that it seems to be
with Husbands, as it is with Bishops and Priests, to whom
much honour is due, but yet so that if they stand upon it, and
challenge it, they become less honourable: And as amongst
men and women humility is the way to be preferr'd; so it is
in Husbands, they shall prevail by cession, by sweetness and
counsel, and charity and compliance. So that we cannot
discourse of the mans right, without describing the measures    #
of
his duty; that therefore follows next.
<P 24>
   (^Let him love his wife even as himself^) : That's his Duty,
and the measure of it too: which is so plain, that if he        #
understands
how he treats himself, there needs nothing be added
concerning his demeanour towards her, save only that we add
the particulars, in which holy Scripture instances this general
Commandment.
   [^GREEK OMITTED^] That's the first. (^Be not bitter against
her^) ; and this is the least Index and signification of Love;  #
a
Civil man is never bitter against a Friend or a Stranger, much
less to him that enters under his Roof, and is secured by the
Laws of Hospitality. But a Wife does all that, and more;
she quits all her interest for his love, she gives him all that #
she
can give, she is as much the same person as another can be
the same, who is conjoyned by love, and mystery, and religion,
and all that is sacred and profane.

(\Non equidem hoc dubites amborum foedere certo
Consentire dies, & ab uno sidere duci\) ;

They have the same Fortune, the same Family, the same
Children, the same Religion, the same Interest, the same
Flesh (\erunt duo in carnem unam\) and therefore this the
Apostle urges for his [^GREEK OMITTED^] (^no man hateth his own
flesh, but nourisheth and cherisheth it^) ; and he certainly is
strangely Sacrilegious and a Violater of the rights of          #
Hospitality
and Sanctuary, who uses her rudely, who is fled for
Protection, not only to his House, but also to his Heart and
Bosome. A wise man will not wrangle with any one, much
less with his dearest relative; and if it be accounted undecent
to Embrace in publick, it is extremely shameful to Brawle
in publick: for the other is in itself lawful; but this never,
though it were assisted with the best circumstances of which
it is capable. (^Marcus Aurelius^) said, that a wise man ought
<P 25>
(^often^) to (^admonish^) his wife, to (^reprove her seldom^) , #
but (^never
to lay his hands^) upon her: (\neque verberibus neque           #
maledictis
exasperandam uxorem\) , said the Doctors of the
(^Jews^) , and (^Homer^) brings in (^Jupiter^) sometimes
speaking sharply to (^Juno^) (according to the Greek
liberty and Empire) but made a pause at striking
her,

[^GREEK OMITTED^]

And the Ancients used to sacrifice to (^Juno^) [^GREEK          #
OMITTED^]
or the President of Marriage, without gall;
and St. (^Basil^) observes and urges it, by way of
upbraiding quarrelling husbands; (\Etiam vipera
virus ob nuptiarum venerationem evomit\) , the Viper
casts all his poison when he marries his female, (\Tu
duritiam animi, tu feritatem, tu crudelitatem ob unionis        #
reverentiam
non deponis?\) He is worse than a Viper, who for
the reverence of this sacred union will not abstain from such 
a poisonous bitterness; and how shall he embrace that person
whom he hath smitten reproachfully; for those kindnesses
are undecent which the fighting-man pays unto his wife.
S. (^Chrysostome^) preaching earnestly against this barbarous
Inhumanity of striking the Wife, or reviling her with evil
Language, says, it is as if a King should beat his Viceroy
and use him like a Dog; from whom most of that Reverence
and Majesty must needs depart, which he first put upon him,
and the subjects shall pay him less duty, how much his
Prince hath treated him with less civility; but the loss
redounds to himself; and the government of the whole family
shall be disordered, if blows be laid upon that shoulder which
together with the other ought to bear nothing but the cares
and the issues of a prudent government. And it is observable,
<P 26>
that no man ever did this rudeness for a vertuous end;
it is an incompetent instrument, and may proceed from wrath
and folly, but can never end in vertue and the unions of a
prudent and fair society. (\Quod si verberaveris, exasperabis
morbum\) : (saith S. (^Chrysostome^) ;) (\asperitas enim        #
mansuetudine,
non alia asperitate, dissolvitur\) ; if you strike, you         #
exasperate
the Wound, and (like (^Cato^) at (^Utica^) in his despair)      #
tear the
Wounds in pieces; and yet he that did so ill to himself whom he
lov'd well, he lov'd not women tenderly, and yet would never
strike; And if the man cannot endure her talking, how can
she endure his striking? But this Caution contains a Duty
in it which none prevaricates, but the meanest of the people,
Fools and Bedlams, whose kindness is a Curse, whose government 
is by chance and Violence, and their families are Herds
of talking Cattel,

(\Sic alternos reficit cursus
Alternus Amor, sic astrigeris
Bellum discors exulat oris.
Haec concordia temperat aequis
Elementa modis, ut pugnantia
Vicibus cedant humida siccis,
Jungantque fidem frigora flammis.\)

The Marital Love is infinitely removed from all possibility of
such rudenesses: it is a thing pure as Light, sacred as a
Temple, lasting as the World; (\Amicitia, quae desinere potuit,
nunquam vera fuit\) , said one; that love, that can cease, was
never true: it is [^GREEK OMITTED^] so (^Moses^) call'd it; it  #
is [^GREEK OMITTED^] so S.
(^Paul^) ; it is [^GREEK OMITTED^] so (^Homer^) ; it is         #
[^GREEK OMITTED^] so (^Plutarch^) ;
that is, it contains in it all sweetness, and all society, and
felicity, and all prudence, and all wisdom. For there is
nothing can please a man without Love, and if a man be
<P 27>
weary of the wise discourses of the Apostles, and of the        #
innocency
of an even and a private Fortune, or hates peace or a
fruitful Year, he hath reaped Thorns and Thistles from the
choicest Flowers of Paradise; (^For nothing can sweeten         #
felicity
itself, but Love^) ; but when a man dwells in love, then the    #
Breasts
of his Wife are pleasant as the droppings upon the hill of
(^Hermon^) , her Eyes are fair as the light of Heaven, she is a
Fountain sealed, and he can quench his thirst, and ease his
cares, and lay his sorrow down upon her lap, and can retire
home as to his sanctuary and refectory, and his gardens of
sweetness and chast refreshments. No man can tell but he
that loves his children, how many delicious accents make a
mans heart dance in the pretty conversation of those dear
pledges; their childishness, their stammering, their little
angers, their innocence, their imperfections, their necessities
are so many little emanations of joy and comfort to him that
delights in their persons and society; but he that loves not
his Wife and Children, feeds a Lioness at home, and broods a
nest of Sorrows; and Blessing itself cannot make him Happy;
so that all the Commandments of God injoyning a man to
(^love his wife^) , are nothing but so many Necessities and     #
Capacities
of joy. (^She that is lov'd is safe^) , and (^he that loves is  #
joyful^) .
Love is a union of all things excellent; it contains in it,
Proportion and Satisfaction, and Rest and Confidence; and I
wish that this were so much proceeded in, that the Heathen
themselves could not go beyond us in this Vertue, and its
proper, and its appendant happiness. (^Tiberius Gracchus^)      #
chose
to die for the safety of his Wife; and yet methinks to a
Christian to do so, should be no hard thing; for many Servants 
will die for their Masters, and many Gentlemen will die
for their Friend; but the Examples are not so many of those
that are ready to do it for their dearest Relatives, and yet
<P 28>
some there have been. (^Baptista Fregosa^) tells of a           #
(^Neapolitan^) ,
that gave himself a slave to the Moors, that he might follow
his Wife, and (^Dominicus Catalusius^) , the Prince of          #
(^Lesbos^) ,
kept company with his Lady when she was a Leper, and these
are greater things than to die.
   But the Cases in which this can be required are so rare
and contingent, that holy Scripture instances not the duty in
this particular; but it contains in it that the Husband should
nourish and cherish her, that he should refresh her sorrows
and intice her fears into confidence and pretty arts of rest;
For even the Fig-trees that grew in Paradise had sharp
pointed Leaves, and Harshnesses fit to mortifie the too forward
lusting after the Sweetness of the Fruit. But it will concern
the Prudence of the Husbands love to make the Cares and
Evils as simple and easie as he can, by doubling the Joys and
Acts of a careful friendship, by tolerating her Infirmities,
(because by so doing, he either cures her, or makes himself
better) by fairly expounding all the little traverses of        #
society
and communication, by taking every thing by the right handle,
(as (^Plutarch's^) expression is) for there is nothing but      #
may be
mis-interpreted, and yet if it be capable of a fair             #
construction,
it is the Office of Love to make it.

[^GREEK OMITTED^]

Love will account that to be well said, which it may be was
not so intended; and then it may cause it to be so, another
time.



<B CETRI3A>
<Q E3 XX TRI OATES>
<N TRIAL OATES>
<A X>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PROC TRIAL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SPEECH-BASED>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE TRIAL OF TITUS OATES.
A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF STATE-TRIALS
AND PROCEEDINGS FOR HIGH-TREASON,
AND OTHER CRIMES AND MISDEMEANOURS;
FROM THE REIGN OF KING RICHARD II.
TO THE END OF THE REIGN OF KING GEORGE I.
SECOND EDITION, VOLS. I AND IV.
ED. F. HARGRAVE.
LONDON: PRINTED FOR J. WALTHOE SEN. ETC., 1730.
IV, PP. 72.C2.48 - 75.C2.72   (SAMPLE 1)
IV, PP. 82.C1.3  - 85.C2.72   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P IV,72.C2>
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Now, my Lord, we shall go to
our Evidence to prove, that all this is absolutely 
false: For (^Ireland^) went out of Town into                    #
(^Staffordshire^) ,
and did not return till after the 9th of (^September^) .
And for this, we call (^Anne Ireland^) .
(^Who was sworn.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Mrs. (^Ireland^) , pray where did you
take your leave of your Brother Mr. (^Ireland^) , who
was executed in (^Summer^) 1678, and when? 
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) I took my leave of him the beginning
of (^August^) .
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) What day in (^August^) , do you 
remember?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) The 3d of (^August^) .
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Where was it?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) In my own Lodging.
(^L. C. J.^) Where was your Lodging?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) In (^Russel-street, Covent-Garden^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Now tell us again the time when it
was?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) It was on (^Saturday^) Morning, as
I remember, the 3d of (^August^) , the (^Saturday^) after
St. (^Ignatius's^) Day.
(^L. C. J.^) How come you remember so particularly,
that it was then?
<P IV,73.C1> 
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) Because upon St. (^Ignatius's^) Day,
we were invited to Mr. (^Gifford's^) at (^Hammersmith^) ;
my Brother, my Mother, and I, were invited to 
stay all Night: But my Brother refused to stay,
because -  
(^L. C. J.^) Which Brother? What was his Name?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland. William Ireland.^)
(^L. C. J.^) Did they stay there?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) No, my Lord, my Brother came
home on foot, but we staid all Night.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Here is an Almanack of that Year:
And the 3d of (^August^) was on a (^Saturday^) .
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) He said he could no stay, because
he was to go into the Country upon (^Saturday^) .
I ask'd him, (^Why he would set out on^) Saturday?
And says he, (^I'll go to^) Standen; (^there I shall
meet with my Lord^) Aston, (^and his Family; and
have an Opportunity to go with him into^)
Staffordshire.
(^L. C. J.^) She says, he went out of Town on (^Saturday^)
after St. (^Ignatius's^) Day; which was (^Saturday^)
the 3d of (^August^) . But there being a Discourse
between her and her Brother, why he should make
choice of a (^Saturday^) ; which she thought, it seems,
was an inconvenient Day to take a Journey on:
And upon that, her Brother made answer again,
That that Night he would only go to (^Standen^) , to
my Lord (^Aston's^) House, where he should meet
with Company to go along with him into
(^Staffordshire^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) What Day of the Week was St. 
(^Ignatius's^) Day?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) St. (^Ignatius's^) Day was on a
(^Wednesday^) .
(^L. C. J.^) What day of the Month is St. (^Ignatius's^)
Day?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) It is either the last Day of (^July^) ,
or the 1st of (^August^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Look on your Almanack, if you have
any one of that Year, Mr. Attorney.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) We have no such Saint in our
Almanack.
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) It was, as near as I can remember,
the 3d of (^August^) , that he went out of Town.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) The 3d of (^August^) , at that time,
was on a (^Saturday^) .
Lord (^Petre.^) St. (^Ignatius's^) Day is always the last
Day of (^July^) , my Lord.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) In this Almanack, another Saint
has justled him out; and that is Bishop (^German^) .
(^L. C. J.^) And in my Almanack, a third has justled
them both out: but my Lord (^Petre^) says, it is
always the last of (^July^) ; and that was on a (^Wednesday^)
that Year.
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) I remember it was on a 
(^Wednesday^) .
(^L. C. J.^) And you are sure he went out of Town
the (^Saturday^) after?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) Yes, I am sure he went out of
Town then; for I asked him, why he would go on 
a (^Saturday^) ? And he told me, he would go but to
(^Standen^) that Night.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) And that does hold, according to
the Computation, to be the 3d of (^August^) .
(^Oates.^) My Lord, she is not positive in this, that
he went out of Town the 3d of (^August^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Yes, but she is; for she says, that
she was the (^Wednesday^) before (which was St. (^Ignatius's^)
Day) with him a little way out of Town.
(^L. C. J.^) And that it was (^Saturday^) after he went
out of Town; and she gives the Reason, that she
entered into a Discourse with him, why he would go
<P IV,73.C2>
on (^Saturday^) ? And he made that Answer which
you hear.
Mr. Just. (^Withins.^) Mr. (^Oates^) knows what Day 
St. (^Ignatius's^) Day is upon, I presume.
(^Oates.^) It is the last Day of (^July^) , I think.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) In our Protestant Almanacks, it
seems, we give another Bishop place.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Mrs. (^Ireland^) , when did you see him
again?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) Just a Fortnight before (^Michaelmas^) ,
and not before.
(^L. C. J.^) You were his near Relation, I suppose?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) Yes, my Lord, I was his Sister.
(^L. C. J.^) Pray, when he came to Town again,
where did he lodge?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) He used to lodge at the same
place where we did always; and in the mean time,
while he was absent, my Mother lent one Mrs. (^Eagleston^)
his Lodging.
(^L. C. J.^) Is that Person, you lent his Chamber to
in his Absence, here?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) When did she enter upon his Lodging?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) Truly, my Lord, I cannot tell;
her Maid fell sick, and so she came down a pair 
of Stairs lower into his Lodging. It was in a short
time after he went out of Town, my Lord, as I
remember.
(^L. C. J.^) When did he come to Town again, do
you say?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) He came to Town again a Fortnight
before (^Michaelmas^) ; that (^Michaelmas-day^) fell
on -  
(^L. C. J.^) Have you any Questions to ask her, Mr.
(^Oates^) ?
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I desire to know, why she did
not give this Evidence before? Or whether ever
she did give this Evidence at any of the Trials?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) Yes, I was at my Brother's Trial;
and there I gave the same Evidence.
(^Oates.^) Were you there at the Trial of the five Jesuits?
And did you give the same Evidence then?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) No, I was not call'd.
(^L. C. J.^) But were you there?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) I was in the Court at the same
time, but was not examin'd.
(^Oates.^) What Year is it you speak of, that he went
out of Town the 3d of (^August^) ?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) The Year 78.
(^Oates.^) I desire, my Lord, to ask this Gentlewoman,
what Religion she is of?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) I am a (^Roman^) Catholick, my
Lord.
(^Oates.^) I desire to know, whether her Name be 
(^Ireland^) or (^Ironmonger^) ?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) My right Name is (^Ironmonger^) ; 
but because of his Profession, he went by the Name
of (^Ireland^) ; and for his sake we go by that Name
too.
(^Oates.^) By what Name did you give Evidence at
(^Ireland's^) Trial?
Mrs. (^A. Ireland.^) By that Name of (^Ireland.^) 
(^L. C. J.^) Why, Mr. (^Oates^) , that is a good Name
enough to be call'd by; you may remember, you
were called (^Titus Ambrosius^) , and (^Sampson Lucy^) , at
(^St. Omers^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Mrs. (^Eleanor Ireland^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) When did your Son go out of
Town?
Mrs. (^El. Ireland.^) The 3d of (^August^) .
<P IV,74.C1>
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Are you sure it was the 3d of
(^August^) ?
Mrs. (^El. Ireland.^) Yes, I am sure it was.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) What Year was it?
Mrs. (^El. Ireland.^) My Memory is not good enough
for that; I cannot tell what Year, my Daughter 
can.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Was it the same Year he was tried
afterwards?
Mrs. (^El. Ireland.^) Yes, it was the same Summer;
at (^Michaelmas^) after he was taken up.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) What time did he return again out
of the Country?
Mrs. (^El. Ireland.^) The 14th of (^September^) after.
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I would ask her, Whether or
no she gave this Evidence at her Son's Trial?
Mrs. (^El. Ireland^) Yes, I was a Witness there; 
but they would not permit me to speak half
so much; they would hardly let me speak at
all.
(^Oates.^) I desire to know, whether she was an Evidence 
at the five Jesuits Trials?
Mrs. (^El. Ireland.^) No, I was not there then.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Pray swear Mrs. (^Duddle^) , and Mrs.
(^Quino^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Come, Mrs. (^Duddle^) , do you remember
when Mr. (^Ireland^) went out of Town, in 
the Year 78?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) To the best of my Remembrance,
it was the 3d of (^August^) .
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Why do you think it was the 3d
of (^August^) ?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) He went for a Recreation out of
Town three Days before, which was upon an Holiday,
St. (^Ignatius's^) Day; and he went out of Town
one Night then, and he came and staid but two
Nights after; and went out of Town upon the
(^Saturday^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Did he stay out of Town one Night?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) Yes, he staid out of Town all
Night.
(^L. C. J.^) Are you sure he staid all Night?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) I am sure he staid but one Night.
(^L. C. J.^) But what say you to that, Mr. Attorney?
this Witness contradicts the other.
Mr. Just. (^Withins.^) Ay, plainly.
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) Mrs. (^Ireland^) , and Mrs. (^Anne Ireland^) ,
and he went out upon a Recreation out of
Town, it being Holiday; and I remember well,
that was of a (^Wednesday^) : And that (^Saturday^) he went
away, and never came again till a Fortnight before
(^Michaelmas^) .
(^L. C. J.^) But mind my Question, Woman.
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) Yes, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Did he come home that Night he went
on the Recreation?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) I do not know.
(^L. C. J.^) But just now, you swore he staid out all
Night?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Yes, but you did though; prithee mind
what thou art about.
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) I do not say he, but I am sure his
Sister and the Company staid out that Night. I remember
very well, he went the third Day after,
which was (^Saturday^) . And Mr. (^Jennison^) came to ask
for him three Weeks after; and there was a Person
of Quality with him in the Coach; I think it was
Sir (^Miles Wharton.^) And he asking for him, they
gave him an account, that they had not heard from
him since he went; which was then three Weeks
after he was gone. And I remember well, he did
<P IV,74.C2>
not come to Town again till a Fortnight before
(^Michaelmas^) . 
(^L. C. J.^) How can you tell that?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) My Lord, I can tell it very well:
For I was almost every Night in the Room where 
he used to lie; and there lay a Gentlewoman there,
that I knew.
(^L. C. J.^) What was her Name?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) Mrs. (^Eagleston^) .
(^L. C. J.^) How come she to lie there?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) Her Maid fell sick, and she chang'd
her own Chamber, and lay there all the time he was 
out of Town.
(^Oates.^) My Lord, is this good Evidence?
(^L. C. J.^) Ay, why not?
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I think she contradicts the other
Witness: For she says he lay out two Nights.
(^L. C. J.^) No, there you are mistaken too. But
I tell you what I did observe before. Mrs. (^Anne
Ireland^) swore, that they did stay all night; but
Mr. (^Ireland^) refused to stay there, but would go
home, because he was to go his Journey on (^Saturday^) .
Then this Woman comes; and she said at
first, that he went out of Town on the (^Wednesday^) ,
and staid out all Night, and lay at home but two 
Nights, and then went away. But now when I put
her in mind to take care what she said, she swears,
she is sure the Sister lay out, but she is not sure of
(^Ireland's^) lying out. But she is positive he went away
on (^Saturday^) the 3d of (^August^) , and return'd
not till a Fortnight before (^Michaelmas^) .
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I humbly conceive, she having
once sworn false -  
(^L. C. J.^) Ay, but she immediately recollected
her self.
(^Oates.^) By what Token does she remember it to
be the 3d of (^August^) ?
(^L. C. J.^) She said before, it was the (^Saturday^) after
St. (^Ignatius's^) Day, which was on a (^Wednesday^) ,
the last Day of (^July^) ; and he went then out of
Town. She call'd it by the Name of (^Recreation^) .
(^Oates.^) Was it the (^Saturday^) after St. (^Ignatius's^)
Day?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) Yes, it was: And I had not remember'd
it, but that it was upon that Holiday.
(^Oates.^) This is a (^Roman^) Catholick, I suppose, my
Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) I cannot tell. What Religion are you of?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) I am a (^Roman^) Catholick, my Lord.
Mr. (^Jennison^) knows what I say to be true.
(^Oates.^) Were you a Witness in any of the Trials 
at the (^Old-Bailey^) ?
Mrs. (^Duddle.^) I was in the Court, but was not
call'd.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) What say you, Mrs. (^Quino^) ? When
did Mr. (^Ireland^) go out of Town?
Mrs. (^Quino.^) I must say the same; it was the 3d
Day of (^August^) , on a (^Saturday^) . 
(^L. C. J.^) How do you know that it was on a (^Saturday^)
the 3d of (^August^) ?
Mrs. (^Quino.^) By the same Reason that she speaks.
I mark'd that other Day he went out of Town;
and he came again, and his Mother staid there that
Night: And he went on (^Saturday^) Morning out of 
Town. I know it very well; for my Husband was
his Taylor, and he had somewhat to alter in his
Clothes; and I brought it immediately after it was
done.
(^L. C. J.^) Are you sure he went out of Town that
Day?
Mrs. (^Quino.^) He went out of the House, and as
I take it, went out of Town?
<P IV,75.C1>
(^L. C. J.^) Did he say, he was to go out of Town?
Mrs. (^Quino.^) He had his Boots on; and took
Horse at the (^Bull-Inn^) in (^Drury-lane^) .
(^L. C. J.^) How do you know it?
Mrs. (^Quino.^) Because his Servant that was there
has testified it.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Now swear my Lord (^Aston^) .
(^Which
was done.^)
We'll bring (^Ireland^) now upon the 3d
of (^August^) at Night, to my Lord (^Aston's^) House at
(^Standen^) .
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Pray will your Lordship give my
Lord and the Jury an account, when Mr. (^Ireland^)
came to your House, and how far he travelled
with you afterwards?
Lord (^Aston.^) My Lord, being in Town, I was
spoke to, and desired, that Mr. (^Ireland^) might have
the Opportunity of going in my Company down 
into (^Staffordshire^) ; which I consented to. I went 
out of Town, as I remember, the latter end of
(^July^) 1678, and this same Mr. (^Ireland^) came to me
at my house in (^Hertfordshire^) at (^Standen^) , upon the
3d of (^August^) at Night.
(^L. C. J.^) What Day of the Week was that, my
Lord?
Lord (^Aston.^) As I remember, it was (^Saturday^) , 
and in the Evening.
(^L. C. J.^) How long did he stay with your 
Lordship?
Lord (^Aston.^) My Lord, I staid till (^Monday^) at
(^Standen^) ; and upon (^Monday^) he went in my Company
to (^St. Albans^) , which was the 5th of (^August^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Whither then did you go, my
Lord?
Lord (^Aston.^) There I met with my Brother and
Sister (^Southcoat^) . 
(^L. C. J.^) Sir (^John Southcoat^) you mean, my Lord.
Lord (^Aston.^) Yes, my Lord. And thence, in 
four Days, we went to my House at (^Tixhall^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Did Mr. (^Ireland^) travel with you all the 
way?
Lord (^Aston.^) I cannot charge my Memory, my
Lord, that he did, so as particularly to swear it:
But there he came into my Company sometimes at
(^Tixhall^) ; but I cannot tell the particular Days: 
Nor could I speak positively to those things that I
have spoke to now, but that I find in my Note-Book,
that at that time he did come to my House
at (^Standen^) , and did go with me to (^St. Albans^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Pray, my Lord, did he go that
Journey to (^Tixhall^) along with you?
Lord (^Aston.^) I cannot say positively that, Mr.
(^Attorney^) ; but I have a general Notion that he did.
Nor could I testify this so positively, I say, but
by Notes that I have of things at that time: Where
I have only writ down these things concerning Mr.
(^Ireland^) , that he came the 3d of (^August^) to my
House at (^Standen^) : That on (^Monday^) we went together
to (^St. Albans^) ; and there met us Sir (^John
Southcoat^) , and my Sister his Wife; and thence I
went to (^Tixhall^) ; and there I arriv'd the 8th of
(^August^) , which was (^Thursday^) .
(^L. C. J.^) My Lord, I ask you this Question;
you say, you have a general Apprehension, that
he did go with you to (^Tixhall^) : Pray, did he come
with you to (^Standen^) for that purpose, to go with 
you to (^Tixhall^) ?
Lord (^Aston.^) I had no business with him at all;
but he desired the opportunity to go down in my 
Company into (^Staffordshire^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Pray, my Lord, do you remember
you saw him within four or five Days after at
(^Tixhall^) ?
<P IV,75.C2> 
Lord (^Aston.^) To name particular Days, I cannot;
but that I saw him several Days at (^Tixhall^) , I am
sure.
(^Oates.^) My Lord, you say that Sir (^John Southcoat^)
went with you to (^Tixhall^) .
Lord (^Aston.^) Yes, he did so.
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I would ask this Nobleman,
whether he was at the Trial of the five Jesuits?
or the Trial of (^Ireland^) ?
Lord (^Aston.^) No, my Lord, I was not.
(^Oates.^) Then I would ask my Lord, if he saw Mr.
(^Ireland^) executed?
Lord (^Aston.^) No, I did not.
(^Oates.^) Then I would ask him this Question; 
whether the (^Ireland^) that was executed be the same 
(^Ireland^) he speaks of?
Lord (^Aston.^) Amongst those that knew him well,
I have been told it was the same.
(^Oates.^) That is but Hear-say, my Lord; he does
not speak of his own Knowledge.
(^L. C. J.^) For that matter, I suppose, you'll produce
some other (^Ireland^) , Mr. (^Oates^) , if it was not
the same.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Was it this Mrs. (^Ireland's^) Brother,
that was here a Witness now?
Lord (^Aston.^) He was so reputed, and so looked 
upon.
(^L. C. J.^) That is all one. If any body should 
ask me, if you were the same Mr. (^Oates^) that was at
(^St. Omers^) ; I should say, I heard so; and it would
be very good Evidence, unless some one else were 
produc'd.
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I submit; I will be directed by
the Court in any thing that is fair, and not injurious 
to my Defence.
(^L. C. J.^) We will not direct you in any thing
that's foul, but pray keep to those Questions that
are pertinent.
(^Oates.^) Are you sure (^Ireland^) went the whole Journey
with you, my Lord?
Lord (^Aston.^) I did answer that; I have but a
general Notion of it, he came to me for that purpose.
(^Oates.^) Then my Lord is not positive he went
with him into (^Staffordshire^) . 
(^L. C. J.^) No he is not; but I would ask you
this Question. My Lord (^Aston^) , do you believe he 
went with you to (^Tixhall^) ?
Lord (^Aston.^) I make no doubt about it, I would
pawn all I have in the World upon it; only I cannot
swear it, because I have it not in my Notes, as
I have those two other Days.
Mr. Just. (^Withins.^) Do you like him the worse,
because he is cautious, Mr. (^Oates^) ?
(^Oates.^) No, Sir, I do not. But pray, my Lord,
ask him, because it is a Question here about a
point of Time; whether he remembers, that within
eight or ten Days, he saw (^Ireland^) at (^Tixhall^) ?
Lord (^Aston.^) I cannot say any thing as to that.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Sir (^Edward Southcoat^) .
(^Which was done.^)
(^L. C. J.^) I thought you had called him Sir (^John
Southcoat^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Sir (^John^) is sick, and cannot be
here.
(^Oates.^) I suppose my Lord (^Aston^) is a (^Roman^)
Catholick?
(^L. C. J.^) Ay, that all the World knows very
well; but I tell you what, Mr. (^Oates^) , I observe,
he is not so easy in giving his Oath; nay, he is
wonderful cautious in swearing: I speak it for his
Commendation, not as his Fault, he is not very
forward at swearing.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P IV,82.C1>
(^L. C. J.^) You say, you did write to him upon
the 2d of (^September^) ?
Mrs. (^Harwell.^) Yes, I did so.
(^L. C. J.^) What was the occasion of your writing
to him at that time?
Mrs. (^Harwell.^) One Madame (^Dormer^) was then
in those Parts, and he being gone a visiting his
Friends at (^Black-Ladies^) , I writ to him, and desired
him to give her a Visit, for I knew she would
be glad to see him.
(^L. C. J.^) He came back to you the 4th of (^September^) ,
you say?
Mrs. (^Harwell.^) Yes, he did so, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Did he own upon the fourth of (^September^) ,
that he had received your Letter?
Mrs. (^Harwell.^) He said he had been at the 
Place, My Lord, but I know not whether he had
received my Letter or no; but I am sure he
waited upon my Lady, for she told me so 
afterwards.
(^Oates.^) I desire to know, whether this Gentlewoman
was at (^Ireland's^) Trial?
Mrs. (^Harwell.^) No, my Lord; but I heard that
upon the 17th of (^December^) following, Mr. (^Ireland^)
was tried at the (^Old-Bailey^) for High-Treason.
Upon the 19th, I was informed by the Post what
was sworn against him; and particularly as to
this time, which I knew to be false: And upon
my own Cost and Charges I sent an Express away
to Town here to a Friend that I knew, upon
reading the Letter that was written to me, that
Mr. (^Ireland^) was falsely accused; and by that Express
also I sent a Petition, humbly beseeching his
late Majesty, that we might bring in Witnesses
to prove, that Mr. (^Ireland^) was in (^Staffordshire^) ,
when Mr. (^Oates^) swore he was in Town; and upon
that the King staid the Execution about five
Weeks. We did hope for a second Trial, but
we could not obtain it; and he was executed. I 
did it at my own Cost and Charges: For I 
thought it my Duty, if I could, to save his Life.
knowing that to be false which was sworn against 
him.
(^L. C. J.^) She speaks gravely and soberly, upon
my Word.
Mr. Just. (^Withins.^) So she does indeed.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) We have abundance of them, my
Lord. Swear Mr. (^William Rushton^) .
(^Which was done.^) 
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Tell my Lord what you know of
Mr. (^Ireland's^) being at Mrs. (^Harwell's^) in (^August^)
1678, at (^Wolverhampton^) .
Mr. (^Rushton.^) My Lord, in the Month of (^August^)
1678, I did see Mr. (^William Ireland^) at (^Wolverhampton^)
in the County of (^Stafford^) ; and it was
upon the 18th of (^August^) , and I saw him there,
from the 18th to the 25th, every one of the days
but one, and that I cannot be positive in. He
went that day to (^Litchfield^) , which was upon the
23d, as I take it, but I cannot be positive; but
all the rest of the days I did see him there once, if
not twice or thrice a day.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Where did he lodge then?
Mr. (^Rushton.^) At Mr. (^Jyfford's^) , or Mrs.
(^Harwell's^) .
(^Oates.^) Were you at any of the Trials of (^Ireland^) ,
or the five Jesuits, Sir?
Mr. (^Rushton.^) No, I was never at one till now.
(^Oates.^) Pray, my Lord, what Religion is this
Gentleman of, I desire to know?
<P IV,82.C2>
Mr. (^Rushton.^) Not of your Worship's Religion,
Dr. (^Oates^) . 
(^L. C. J.^) But answer this Question.
Mr. (^Rushton.^) I am a Catholick.
(^Oates.^) A (^Roman^) Catholick he means, I
suppose.
Mr. (^Rushton.^) Yes; I am a (^Roman^) Catholick, 
and a loyal Subject.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Swear Mrs. (^Katherine Winford^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Mrs. (^Winford^) , pray did you see 
Mr. (^Ireland^) at Mrs. (^Harwell's^) , in the Year 1678?
Mrs. (^Winford.^) Yes, I did, Sir.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Pray tell the Court what you do
know of that matter.
Mrs. (^Winford.^) I did hear at (^Wolverhampton^) , that
Mr. (^Ireland^) came to Town the 17th of (^August^) , and
I did see him there the 18th, and I did see him
there the 19th, and I did see him the 20th;
and I saw him there upon the 22d, 23d, 24th,
and 25th, and that was the last time I saw him
there.
(^L. C. J.^) At Mrs. (^Harwell's^) was it that you saw 
him?
Mrs. (^Winford.^) Sometimes at Mrs. (^Harwell's^) , and
sometimes at my Father's House, who lived in 
that Town.
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I desire to know how she
comes to remember those Days so particularly?
Mrs. (^Winford.^) I remember them, because St.
(^Bartholomew's^) Day was the 24th of (^August^) , and
that was the (^Saturday^) after he came to Town;
and the first day I saw him was the (^Sunday^) before,
and so I reckon it to be on those days I saw 
him.
(^L. C. J.^) Have you any other Questions to ask 
her, Mr. (^Oates^) ?
(^Oates.^) No, my Lord, I have not: She was a 
Witness before at (^Whitebread's^) Trial, and was not
believed there.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, make your Remarks by and by,
and let them now go on with their Evidence.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Then swear Mr. (^William Stanley^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Pray, did you see Mr. (^Ireland^) at
(^Wolverhampton^) , and when?
Mr. (^Stanley.^) Upon the 18th of (^August^) 78. It
was (^Sunday^) , I saw Mr. (^Ireland^) in (^Wolverhampton^)
in the Morning, and in the Afternoon he was in
my own House. Upon (^Monday^) the 19th I saw
him twice that day at my own House; I positively
speak that, and I verily believe I did see him
on (^Tuesday^) the 20th, and (^Wednesday^) the 21st; but
(^Thursday^) and (^Friday^) I cannot say I did see him
those two Days: For he went upon one of them
to (^Litchfield^) . But upon (^Saturday^) and (^Sunday^) I
am sure I saw him, and two or three times some
days.
(^Oates.^) Pray, Mr. (^Stanley^) , did you know him
before?
Mr. (^Stanley.^) No, I did not, Sir.
(^Oates.^) Was you at his Trial?
Mr. (^Stanley.^) No, I was not.
(^Oates.^) Were you at the five Jesuits Trial?
Mr. (^Stanley.^) No, I was not in (^London^) since, till
the last Term.
(^Oates.^) What Religion are you of, Sir?
Mr. (^Stanley.^) What Religion are you of, Mr.
(^Oates^) ?
(^L. C. J.^) Nay, do not ask Questions, but answer
the Questions he asks.
Mr. (^Stanley.^) I am a (^Roman^) Catholick.
<P IV,83.C1>
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Mr. (^Stanley^) , pray can you recollect
any Circumstance how you came to remember that
it was such and such Days that you saw him?
Mr. (^Stanley.^) Yes, my Lord, I can.
(^L. C. J.^) What are they, tell them us?
Mr. (^Stanley.^) I buried a Child that Morning, being
(^Sunday^) the 18th of (^August^) , and he came to 
my House in the Afternoon, and I entertained him 
with those things that I had provided for to entertain
my Friends at the Funeral. On (^Monday^) was
a Wake, and the young People went all to the
Wake, and left Madam (^Harwell^) alone; and so she
came with him to my House, and I entertained him
with the same kind of Entertainment that I did the 
Day before.
(^L. C. J.^) That is a remarkable Circumstance
indeed.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Mrs. (^Dorothy Purcell^) .
(^Which was done.^)
What say you Mrs. (^Purcell^) , when did you see Mr.
(^Ireland^) at (^Wolverhampton^) ?
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) I saw him the 18th, 19th, 20th,
21st, 22d, and 23d Days of (^August^) , 1678.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Where did you see him?
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) At a Friend's House in 
(^Wolverhampton^) .
(^L. C. J.^) How come you to remember those Days
of the Month?
Mr. (^Purcell.^) I remember them by particular
Circumstances.
(^L. C. J.^) What are those particular Circumstances?
Let us hear them, how come you to name those
very Days, the 18th, 19th, and so on?
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) I can remember it as well as any
thing in the World.
(^Oates.^) I desire, my Lord, that she may tell how
she does remember it.
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) That's enough, and as much as need
to be said, I remember very well.
(^Oates.^) But I desire to know you come to remember
it?
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) I remember it, I tell you, very
well; and I do affirm I saw him there.
(^Oates.^) But you do not tell what Circumstances
you remember it by.
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) No, there is no need of it, I am
sure I saw him there then.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Tell him some Circumstances.
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) Those were the Days before (^Bartholomew^)
Eve.
(^Oates.^) My Lord, is this any thing of Evidence?
(^L. C. J.^) The Jury hears it, and they will consider 
of it.
(^Oates.^) What Religion are you of, Mistress?
Mrs. (^Purcell.^) Must I tell what Religion I am of?
(^L. C. J.^) Yes, answer his Question.
(^Oates.^) I dare say, she is a Papist; she need not 
trouble her head to answer it. 
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Mr. (^Scott^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Were you at (^Wolverhampton^) when Mr. (^Ireland^) was
there?
(^Scott.^) Yes, I was.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Did you do any service for him 
there?
(^Scott.^) I look'd to his Horse.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) When did he come thither, do you
remember?
(^Scott.^) I cannot tell just the time that he came in.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) What Day of the Week was it that
he came thither?
(^Scott.^) It was of a (^Saturday^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) What Month was it?
<P IV,83.C2>
(^Scott.^) I cannot tell very well what Month it was;
it was in (^August^) I think.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) How long did he continue there?
(^Scott.^) The space of a Fortnight off and on.
(^Oates.^) Is that Evidence, my Lord, that he has
delivered?
(^L. C. J.^) It is but very small Evidence. It is only
circumstantial to confirm the other Testimony. 
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) How long was it before (^Ireland^)
was tried and executed, can you tell that?
(^Scott.^) No, I know nothing of it.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Then swear Mr. (^John Stamford^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Did you see Mr. (^Ireland^) at                #
(^Wolverhampton^) ,
and when was it, I pray you?
Mr. (^Stamford.^) My Lord, in the Year 1675, I
was sent beyond Sea to (^St. Omers^) , to fetch over two
young Gentlemen that were Students there; and
there I became acquainted with Mr. (^Ireland^) , who
was then Procurator of the Jesuits at (^St. Omers^) .
And in (^August^) 78, I did see him in (^Wolverhampton^) ,
upon the (^Sunday^) after the Assumption of our Lady;
which was the 15th of (^August^) , he came to see me,
and I saw him there that Day.
(^L. C. J.^) What Day of the Month is the Assumption
of our Lady?
Mr. (^Stamford.^) That is always the 15th of (^August^) ,
my Lord.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) How often did you see him there?
Mr. (^Stamford.^) I saw him (^Sunday^) and (^Monday^) ,
and till that seven-night; I saw him every Day in
that Week but one, when he went to (^Litchfield^) .
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I desire to know how he comes
to remember that it was at that time?
(^L. C. J.^) He tells you a Reason for it, because it
fell out to be upon the (^Sunday^) after the Assumption
of our Lady, which is always the 15th of (^August^) .
(^Oates.^) My Lord, he says he came acquainted
with Mr. (^Ireland^) at (^St. Omers^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Yes, he says, that was in the Year
1675.
(^Oates.^) I desire to know, my Lord, what business
he had there?
(^L. C. J.^) He tells you, he went to fetch over two
young Men that were Students there.
(^Oates.^) Pray, my Lord, I desire to know what 
Religion he is of.
(^L. C. J.^) What Religion are you of?
Mr. (^Stamford.^) I am a (^Roman^) Catholick.
(^Oates.^) I desire to know what is his Profession?
Mr. (^Stamford.^) I am a younger Brother of a good
and loyal Family as any of the County on (^Stafford^) ,
and that suffered as much as any for the late King.
(^Oates.^) I believe if it were look'd into, he is somewhat
else besides a younger Brother.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Yes, he says he is of a loyal
Family.
(^L. C. J.^) I am sure there is such a Family in that
County that were great Sufferers for King (^Charles^) I.
and the late King; and were very instrumental in
Services for the late King, at his Escape from (^Worcester^) : 
but whether he be of that Family or no, I
cannot tell.
Mr. (^Stamford.^) The Doctor thinks I am a Jesuit,
but I'll assure him I have a Wife and Children.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Mr. (^Oates^) was about to have made 
him a Priest, but it seems he hath a Wife and Children,
and so is out of danger.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Pray, swear Mrs. (^Katherine Fowler^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Did you see Mr. (^Ireland^) , Mrs.
(^Fowler^) , at (^Wolverhampton^) in 1678?
<P IV,84.C1>
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) Yes, I did.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) When was it?
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) I did see him on (^Saturday^) the 17th
of (^August^) at (^Wolverhampton^) ; he came that day to
my Mother's House, where I was.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) How long did he stay there?
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) Till the 27th, which was (^Monday^) 
was Seven-night after: I was in his Company
every day in that time unless it were (^Friday^) , which
day they say he went to (^Litchfield^) to the Fair.
(^L. C. J.^) Is Mrs. (^Harwell^) your Mother?
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) Yes, my Lord, she is, and I lived
at that time with my Mother.
(^L. C. J.^) How do you remember this? Have you
any Tokens that you can give us, why you remember
it was then?
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) My Lord, I recollected my self
after Mr. (^Ireland's^) Trial, in which Mr. (^Oates^)
swore that he was here in Town between the 8th
and 12th of (^August^) , that that was the very Month that
Mr. (^Ireland^) was in (^Wolverhampton^) , and thereupon
I concluded that Mr. (^Oates^) had not sworn true by
that Recollection when it was fresh in my Memory,
being within half a Year after.
(^Oates.^) Madam, are you Mrs. (^Harwell's^) 
Daughter?
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) Yes, I am so, Sir.
(^Oates.^) Did you not know one Mr. (^Jennison^) ?
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) Which (^Jennison^) ?
(^Oates.^) Mr. (^Robert Jennison^) .
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) Yes, I do know him.
(^Oates.^) Are you not a-kin to him?
Mrs. (^Fowler.^) Yes, but I am sorry to own I have
such a Relation.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Mr. (^Gifford^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Did you see Mr. (^Ireland^) in                #
(^Staffordshire^) ,
and when I pray you?
Mr. (^Gifford.^) I saw him there at (^Wolverhampton^)
the 17th of (^August^) 1678, and he continued there
till the 26th; I saw him there every day.
(^Oates.^) Pray, my Lord, be pleased to ask this
Gentleman, whether he were at the Trial of
(^Ireland^) ?
Mr. (^Gifford.^) No, I was not in Court, nor examined
as a Witness.
(^Oates.^) Were you at the Trial of the five Jesuits,
Sir?
Mr. (^Gifford.^) I was there, but was not examined.
(^L. C. J.^) Was it every day, say you, that you
saw him at (^Wolverhampton^) ?
Mr. (^Gifford.^) Every day.
(^L. C. J.^) They say, he was one day out of Town
at (^Litchfield^) .
Mr. (^Gifford.^) He was out of Town that day, but
I saw him.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Mrs. (^Elizabeth Gifford^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) You hear the Question, did you
see Mr. (^Ireland^) in (^Staffordshire^) in 78, and when?
Mrs. (^E. Gifford.^) Mr. (^Ireland^) came to (^Wolverhampton^)
the 17th of (^August^) , and continued there
till the 26th.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) How do you remember it?
Mrs. (^Gifford.^) By a Wake that was just hard by,
that was at that time: and he came to my Uncle's
House upon the (^Sunday^) following the Assumption of
our (^Lady^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Did you see him every day till the
26th?
Mrs. (^Gifford.^) I remember I did see him every
day but two days that I was abroad at the Wake.
<P IV,84.C2>
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I desire to know, whether she
was examined at any of the former Trials?
Mrs. (^Gifford.^) Yes, at the five Jesuits Trial, I
was.
(^Oates.^) Were you not at (^Ireland's^) Trial?
Mrs. (^Gifford.^) No, I was not. 
(^Oates.^) There was one (^Gifford^) examined there.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Mrs. (^Elizabeth Keeling^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Did you see Mr. (^Ireland^) at                #
(^Wolverhampton^) ,
and when? 
(^Keeling.^) Yes, my Lord, I did see Mr. (^Ireland^) at
(^Wolverhampton^) .
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Pray tell when it was.
(^Keeling.^) It was the 17th of (^August^) he came to 
my Mistress's House.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) What (^August^) ?
(^Keeling.^) (^August^) before the Plot.
(^L. C. J.^) Who was your Mistress?
(^Keeling.^) Mrs. (^Harwell^) , my Lord.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) How long did he continue there?
(^Keeling.^) He came on the (^Saturday^) , and I saw
him there till the (^Monday^) . When I was sent for
to my Mother's Burying, I left him and Madam
(^Dormer^) at Dinner, and came back on the (^Thursday^) . 
And in his Chamber I heard him discourse, but I did
not see him. Upon the (^Friday^) he went abroad,
and returned again that Night. Upon the (^Saturday^) 
I saw him, and he continued there till (^Monday^)
Morning, and then he went away, and returned on
(^Wednesday^) the 4th of (^September^) , and staid till         #
(^Saturday^)
the 7th; and then went away from
(^Wolverhampton^) .
(^Oates.^) I desire to know what Religion this Woman
is of?
(^Keeling.^) I am a (^Roman^) Catholick, God be
thanked.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Mrs. (^Keeling^) , when did Mr. (^Ireland^) 
return again, do you say, after he went first to
(^Wolverhampton^) ?
(^Keeling.^) It was the (^Wednesday^) seven-night after,
Sir.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) That was the 4th of (^September^) .
(^L. C. J.^) How long staid he there then?
(^Keeling.^) Till (^Saturday^) in the Forenoon.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Whither did he say he was going
then?
(^Keeling.^) He said he went to (^Bellamour^) to Dinner.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you see him at any time after?
(^Keeling.^) No, my Lord, I saw him no more.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Then swear Mr. (^Richardson^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Pray, Sir, will you give an account
when you saw Mr. (^Ireland^) , and where, in
the Year 78?
Mr. (^Richardson.^) My Lord, I saw a Gentleman
that I was informed was Mr. (^Ireland^) , at                    #
(^Wolverhampton^) ,
at a Wake; which was (^Monday^) the 19th
of (^August^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Where did he lodge?
Mr. (^Richardson.^) At Mrs. (^Harwell's^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) What are you, a Tradesman?
Mr. (^Richardson.^) Yes, an Apothecary in
(^Wolverhampton^) .
(^L. C. J.^) How many Days did you see him at
(^Wolverhampton^) ?
Mr. (^Richardson.^) I saw him only one Day in the
Market-place.
(^L. C. J.^) You did not know Mr. (^Ireland^) before?
Mr. (^Richardson.^) But I was informed that was he.
(^L. C. J.^) What became of that (^Ireland^) that you
were informed was at (^Wolverhampton^) then?
<P IV,85.C1>
Mr. (^Richardson.^) I heard presently after that, upon
Mr. (^Oates's^) Plot, he was secured and executed.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) What Religion are you of, pray,
Sir?
Mr. (^Richardson.^) I am of the Church of (^England^) .
(^Oates.^) Pray, Sir, I would ask you this Question.
Mr. (^Richardson.^) As many Questions as you
please, Mr. (^Oates^) .
(^Oates.^) Who told you it was Mr. (^Ireland^) .
Mr. (^Richardson.^) Mrs. (^Harwell^) .
(^Oates.^) When was it she told you it was (^Ireland^) ?
Mr. (^Richardson.^) To the best of my remembrance,
it was before he was apprehended as a
Traitor.
(^Oates.^) He is uncertain when he was told so.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, make what advantage you can
of it by and by.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Swear Mrs. (^Eleanor Graves^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Pray, Mistress, did you see Mr.
(^Ireland^) at (^Wolverhampton^) at any time?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) Yes, I did, my Lord.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) When was it?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) The first time was six Years ago in
(^August^) , it is now going on seven Years since.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) What time in (^August^) was it?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) The first Day was the 20th or
21st, I am sure I saw him upon the 22d; for I
dined with him, and was with him all the Afternoon,
and supp'd with him. Upon the 23d we
went to (^Litchfield^) together, which was (^Bartholomew^)
Eve. And I saw him the 25th, which was (^Sunday^)
after.
(^L. C. J.^) Are you sure it is the (^Ireland^) we are
now speaking of?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) They said it was the same Mr. (^Ireland^)
that was executed. They call'd him so.
(^L. C. J.^) Nay, there is no great doubt, but only
for Mr. (^Oates's^) Satisfaction.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) At whose House did he lie at 
(^Wolverhampton^) ?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) At Mrs. (^Harwell's^) .
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Where was it you supp'd with
him, I pray you?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) He dined and supp'd at a Relation's
House of mine.
(^L. C. J.^) Who was that? name him.
Mrs. (^Graves.^) It was at my Uncle (^Winford's^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Did you go along with him to (^Litchfield^) ,
do you say, on the 23d?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) Yes, and so did my Uncle; and at
Night we came back together.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) What Religion are you of, Mistress?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) I am of the Church of (^England^) .
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I desire to ask her, how did
she know it was the same (^Ireland^) that was try'd?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) It was the same (^Ireland^) that they
said was afterwards executed. I know no more.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Did you go back with him to Mrs.
(^Harwell's^) from (^Litchfield^) ?
Mrs. (^Graves.^) I did, to my Uncle (^Winford's^)
House.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Now we come, my Lord, to another
Period of Time, which is from the 26th of
(^August^) to the 29th; and for that, we first call Sir 
(^Thomas Whitegrave^) , who is a Justice of the Peace,
and a worthy Gentleman; a Member of the 
Church of (^England^) in that County. Swear him.
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Pray, Sir (^Thomas^) , will you be
pleas'd to give the Court an account, whether you
saw Mr. (^Ireland^) in (^Staffordshire^) 1678, and what
time it was?
<P IV,85.C2>
Sir (^Thomas Whitegrave.^) I saw Mr. (^Ireland^) upon
the 29th of (^August^) before the Popish Plot; it was
upon a (^Thursday^) in the Afternoon upon (^Tixhall^)
Bowling-green; and I discoursed with him: he
told me he was to go home that Night with Sir
(^James Simmons^) , and Mr. (^Heveningham^) . They told 
me afterwards he went on (^Saturday^) to (^Hildersham^) ,
and went thence on (^Monday^) following towards (^Boscabel^) :
some time after that, a Rumour came down
that Mr. (^Ireland^) was accused with others, of being
in a Plot of the Papists; and myself, and some others
that were in Commission for the Peace in that
County, did reflect upon the time that (^Ireland^) was
in the Country; and we were a little disturbed,
because he had been at particular Places among our
Neighbours, whom we knew to be Catholicks.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Can you remember no Day but 
that one, Sir (^Thomas^) ?
Sir (^Thomas Whitegrave.^) Only the 29th I saw him
there, and discours'd with him; and afterwards
there was word sent to me, to desire me that I
would come up to (^London^) at his Trial. 
(^L. C. J.^) And did you come up, Sir (^Thomas^) ?
Sir (^Thomas Whitegrave.^) No, I did not; I had no
(^Subpoena^) ; and being a Justice of the Peace, I did
not think fit to leave the Country at that time without
a (^Subpoena^) .
(^Oates.^) My Lord, I desire to know of this Gentleman,
how long he had been acquainted with Mr.
(^Ireland^) . 
Sir (^Thomas Whitegrave.^) I never saw him before, 
nor since.
(^L. C. J.^) He goes no further than the 29th.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) No, my Lord, he does not. Then
swear Mr. (^William Fowler^) .
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Pray, will you give an account
when you saw Mr. (^Ireland^) , and where?
Mr. (^Fowler.^) I saw Mr. (^Ireland^) upon the 27th of
(^August^) 78, in (^Staffordshire^) , at a Horse-Race at
(^Etching-hill^) . The Race was run between Sir (^Henry
Gough^) , and Captain (^Chetwind^) .
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Did you see him any other Day in
that Month?
Mr. (^Fowler.^) Yes, the 19th of (^August^) I saw him
at (^Tixhall^) Bowling-green.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) When else did you see him?
Mr. (^Fowler.^) I saw him the 10th of (^August^) before.
Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Where, at (^Tixhall^) , at my Lord
(^Aston's^) House.
Mr. (^At. Gen.^) Do you remember Sir (^Thomas
Whitegrave^) was upon the Bowling-green the 27th of
(^August^) ?
Mr. (^Fowler.^) Yes, he was, and did discourse with
Mr. (^Ireland^) there.
(^L. C. J.^) What became of Mr. (^Ireland^)
afterwards?
Mr. (^Fowler.^) He went about the Country for some 
time, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Was it the same (^Ireland^) that was
executed?
Mr. (^Fowler.^) Yes, it was the same.
(^L. C. J.^) You say you saw him the 29th at (^Tixhall^)
Bowling-green.
Mr. (^Fowler.^) Yes, I did so.
(^L. C. J.^) When you heard he was taken up for
the Plot, what did they say whither he at that
time?
Mr. (^Fowler.^) I think he went to Mr. (^Heveningham's^) ,
or thereabouts.
(^Oates.^) I would fain know this Gentleman's 
Religion.
Mr. (^Fowler.^) I am a (^Roman^) Catholick.



<B CETRI3B>
<Q E3 XX TRI LISLE>
<N TRIAL LISLE>
<A X>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T PROC TRIAL>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SPEECH-BASED>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  THE TRIAL OF LADY ALICE LISLE.
A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF STATE-TRIALS
AND PROCEEDINGS FOR HIGH-TREASON,
AND OTHER CRIMES AND MISDEMEANOURS;
FROM THE REIGN OF KING RICHARD II.
TO THE END OF THE REIGN OF KING GEORGE I.
SECOND EDITION, VOLS. I AND IV.
ED. F. HARGRAVE.
LONDON: PRINTED FOR J. WALTHOE SEN. ETC., 1730.
IV, PP. 113.C2.47 - 115.C2.5       (SAMPLE 1)
IV, PP. 120.C1.11 - 123.C2.12      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P IV,113C2>
(^L. C. J.^) Thou had'st need to know it very well,
for it seems thou wentest without a Candle or any
thing in the World, and put in thy Horse. Did'st
thou see that Man (^Carpenter^) the Bailiff that thou
spokest of?
(^Dunne.^) Mr. (^Carpenter^) gave my Horse Hay.
(^L. C. J.^) Was there any Light in the Stable?
(^Dunne.^) Not when I put in my Horse first.
(^L. C. J.^) Who brought the Light thither?
(^Dunne.^) Goodman (^Carpenter^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Did not he give thy Horse Hay?
(^Dunne.^) Yes, he did.
(^L. C. J.^) And did he not give him Oats too?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord, he did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Did not he conduct you into the
House?
(^Dunne.^) Who, my Lord?
(^L. C. J.^) That same Goodman (^Carpenter^) .
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you see any body else but that Girl
you speak of?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I did see the Girl there.
(^L. C. J.^) But you Blockhead, I ask you whether
you did see any body else?
(^Dunne.^) I do not know but I might see Goodman
(^Carpenter^) .
<P IV,114C1>
(^L. C. J.^) Why, thou said'st he brought the Light,
and gave thy Horse Hay; but I see thou art set
upon nothing but Prevarication: Sirrah, tell me
plainly, did you see no body else?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Not any body?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord, not any one.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you not drink in the House?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord, not a Drop.
(^L. C. J.^) Did not you call for Drink?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord, I did not, I had nothing
but my Cake and Cheese that I brought thither my
self.
(^L. C. J.^) Who went up to the Chamber with
you?
(^Dunne.^) The Girl, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) And no body else?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Was the Bed made?
(^Dunne.^) Yes, my Lord, it was.
(^L. C. J.^) You eat nothing in the House, you
say?
(^Dunne.^) Nothing but my own Cake and Cheese,
my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) But you did not drink in the House at
all?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord, I did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you drink at (^Marton^) , where you did
call upon (^Fane^) .
(^Dunne.^) Yes, I did, but not afterwards.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you see any body there the next
Morning before they were taken?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord; but after the House was
beset, I saw my Lady and Mr. (^Hicks^) , and I think
I saw Goodman (^Carpenter^) .
(^L. C. J.^) They and you were taken there together,
were not you?
(^Dunne.^) Yes.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you see (^Carpenter's^) Wife, upon
your Oath, that Night?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Nor no Woman-kind besides the Girl
you speak of?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Nor no Man besides (^Carpenter^) ?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) You are sure of this?
(^Dunne.^) I am so, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) You are sure you did not drink there?
(^Dunne.^) I am, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) And you say he brought the Light into
the Stable, and gave your Horse Hay?
(^Dunne.^) He did, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Now prithee tell me truly, where came
(^Carpenter^) unto you? I must know the Truth of
that; remember that I gave you fair Warning, do
not tell me a Lye, for I will be sure to treasure up
every Lye that thou tellest me, and thou may'st be
certain it will not be for thy Advantage: I would
not terrify thee to make thee say any thing but
the Truth: but assure thy self I never met with a
lying, sneaking, canting Fellow, but I always treasur'd
up Vengeance for him: and therefore look to
it, that thou dost not prevaricate with me, for to
be sure thou wilt come to the worst of it in the end?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I will tell the Truth as near as
I can.
(^L. C. J.^) Then tell me where (^Carpenter^) met thee?
(^Dunne.^) In the Court, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Before you came to the Gate, or after?
(^Dunne.^) It was after we came to the Gate, in the
Court.
<P IV,114C2>
(^L. C. J.^) Then tell me, and I charge you tell me
true, who was with you when (^Carpenter^) met you?
(^Dunne.^) (^Hicks^) and (^Nelthorp^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Was there any body else besides them
two in the Court?
(^Dunne.^) There was no body but (^Hicks^) and (^Nelthorp^) ,
and I and Mr. (^Carpenter^) .
(^L. C. J.^) You are sure of that?
(^Dunne.^) Yes, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Consider of it, are you sure there was
no body else?
(^Dunne.^) Truly, my Lord, I did not mind that
there was any body else.
(^L. C. J.^) Recollect your self, and consider well of
it.
(^Dunne.^) Truly, my Lord, I do not know of any
body else.
(^L. C. J.^) Now upon your Oath tell me truly,
who it was that opened the Stable-door, was it
(^Carpenter^) or you?
(^Dunne.^) It was (^Carpenter^) , my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Why, thou vile Wretch didst not thou
tell me just now that thou pluck'd up the Latch?
Dost thou take the God of Heaven not to be a
God of Truth, and that he is not a Witness of all
thou say'st? Dost thou think because thou prevaricatest
with the Court here, thou can'st do so with
God above, who knows thy Thoughts, and it is infinite
Mercy, that for those Falshoods of thine, he
does not immediately strike thee into Hell? Jesus
God! there is no sort of Conversation nor human
Society to be kept with such People as these are,
who have no other Religion but only in Pretence,
and no way to uphold themselves but by countenancing
Lying and Villany: Did not you tell me that
you opened the Latch your self, and that you saw no
body else but a Girl? How durst you offer to tell
such horrid Lyes in the presence of God and of a
Court of Justice? Answer me one Question more:
Did he pull down the Hay or you?
(^Dunne.^) I did not pull down any Hay at all.
(^L. C. J.^) Was there any Hay pull'd down before
the Candle was brought?
(^Dunne.^) No, there was not.
(^L. C. J.^) Who brought the Candle?
(^Dunne.^) Mr. (^Carpenter^) brought the Candle and
Lanthorn.
(^L. C. J.^) It seems the Saints have a certain Charter
for Lying; they may lye and cant, and deceive,
and rebel, and think God Almighty takes no notice
of it, nor will reckon with them for it: You see,
Gentlemen, what a precious Fellow this is, a very
pretty Tool to be employ'd upon such an Errand,
a Knave that no body would trust for half a Crown
between Man and Man, but he is the fitter to be
employ'd about such Works; what Pains is a Man
at to get the Truth out of these Fellows, and it is
with a great deal of Labour, that we can squeeze
one Drop out of them? A (^Turk^) has more Title to
an Eternity of Bliss than these Pretenders to Christianity,
for he has more Morality and Honesty in
him. Sirrah, I charge you in the presence of God,
tell me true, What other Persons did you see that
Night?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I did not see any than what I
have told you already.
(^L. C. J.^) Then they went out and brought word
that thou wert come, and so he came out to meet
thee. Very well: I would have every body that has
but the least Tang of Saintship to observe the Carriage
of this Fellow, and see how they can cant and
snivel, and lye, and forswear themselves, and all for
<P IV,115C1>
the Good Old Cause: They will stick at nothing, if
they think they can but preserve a Brother or Sister
Saint forsooth; they can do any thing in the world
but speak Truth, and do their Duty to God and
their Governours: I ask you again, Did not (^Carpenter^)
meet you before you left (^Hicks^) and (^Nelthorp^) ?
(^Dunne.^) No, he did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Then I ask you again once more, did
not (^Carpenter^) ask you to drink?
(^Dunne.^) No, he did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Did not he light you with a Lanthorn
and Candle into the House?
(^Dunne.^) I went into the House.
(^L. C. J.^) Dost thou believe we think any body
thrust thee in: Did he light thee in, I ask thee?
(^Dunne.^) I went in along with Mr. (^Carpenter^) .
(^L. C. J.^) What Room did he carry you into?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, he carried me into no Room,
the young Woman shew'd me into a Room.
(^L. C. J.^) What Room was it?
(^Dunne.^) Into the Chamber.
(^L. C. J.^) Was not thou in the Hall or Kitchen?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) It is hard thou hadst not one Cup of
Drink to thy Cake and Cheese.
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I had never a Drop.
(^L. C. J.^) No, nor did no body ask you to eat or
drink?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Thou art the best-natur'd Fellow that
ever I met with, but the worst rewarded. Come,
I will ask thee another Question: When was the first
time thou heard'st (^Nelthorp's^) Name?
(^Dunne.^) Not till he was taken.
(^L. C. J.^) What Name did the Fellow with the
black Beard tell thee he had?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, he never told me any Name?
(^L. C. J.^) Didst thou never ask him his Name?
(^Dunne,^) No, my Lord, that Man that was afterwards
found to be (^Nelthorp^) , I did not know to be
(^Nelthorp^) till he was taken, nor what his Name was,
nor any Name he had.
(^L. C. J.^) No, prithee tell the Truth, did not (^Nelthorp^)
go by the Name of (^Crofts^) ?
(^Dunne.^) He did, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Then prithee, when did he first go by
that Name in thy Hearing?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I only heard (^Hicks^) say he went
by the Name of (^Crofts^) .
(^L. C. J.^) When was that?
(^Dunne.^) When they were taken.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you not hear him call'd by that
Name any time of the Journey?
(^Dunne.^) I cannot recollect, my Lord, that I ever did.
(^L. C. J.^) Thou canst recollect nothing of Truth:
Is this as much as you can say?
(^Dunne.^) It is, my Lord.
Mr. (^Jennings.^) You say (^Carpenter^) met you very
civilly, and took care of your Horse: Did he
make no Provision for (^Hicks^) and (^Nelthorp's^) Horses?
What became of them?
(^Dunne.^) I cannot tell, my Lord.
Mr. (^Rumsey.^) Did you see their Horses afterwards?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord, I did not.
Mr. (^Rumsey.^) When they alighted from them,
were they ty'd fast to the Gate, or how?
(^Dunne.^) They were not ty'd at all, as I know of.
Mr. (^Jennings.^) Did you tell (^Carpenter^) that their
Horses were there?
(^Dunne.^) I did not tell him any such thing.
(^L. C. J.^) Thou art a strange prevaricating, shuffling,
sniveling, lying Rascal.
<P IV,115C2>
Mr. (^Pollexsen.^) We will set him by for the present,
and call (^Barter^) , that is the other Fellow.
(^L. C. J.^) Will the Prisoner ask this Person any
Questions?
(^Lisle.^) No.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P IV,120C1>

(^Lisle.^) My Lord, I hope I shall not be condemned
without being heard.
(^L. C. J.^) No, God forbid, Mrs. (^Lisle^) ; that was
a sort of practice in your Husband's time; you
know very well what I mean: But God be thanked,
it is not so now; the King's Courts of Law never
condemn without hearing. Col. (^Penruddock^) , have
you any more to say?
Col. (^Penruddock.^) No, my Lord; but here is one
Mr. (^Dowding^) , that was with me when I searched
the House.
(^L. C. J.^) Swear him.
(^Which was done.^)
Mr. (^Pollexsen.^) Mr. (^Dowding^) , pray did you go
with Col. (^Penruddock^) to Mrs. (^Lisle's^) House?
Mr. (^Dowding.^) Yes, my Lord: We came to the
House, and beset the House round, some to the
back Gate, and some to the fore Gate; we called
almost half an hour before we got in; and had
found two, and we came to my Lady; she said, she
knew nothing of any body being in the House -  
(^Lisle.^) My Lord, this Fellow that now speaks
against me, broke open my Trunk, and stole away
a great part of my best Linen; and sure, my Lord,
those Persons that rob me, are not fit to be Evidences
against me, because it behoves them that I
be convicted, to prevent their being indicted for
Felony.
(^L. C. J.^) Look you, Friend, you say you went
with Col. (^Penruddock^) to search the House, did you
find any body there?
(^Dowding.^) Yes, my Lord, I found this same
(^Dunne^) in a little hole in the Malt-house.
(^L. C. J.^) Was he covered, or not?
(^Dowding.^) He had taken some stuff or other to
cover him.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you find (^Hicks^) there?
(^Dowding.^) Yes, my Lord, we did find one that
said his Name was (^Hicks^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Is that the same (^Hicks^) that is in              #
(^Salisbury^)
Goal?
(^Dowding.^) Yes, my Lord, it is; I saw him yesterday
at the (^George^) in (^Salisbury^) , when he had that
Discourse with those other Gentlemen.
Mr. (^Pollexsen.^) Swear (^Carpenter^) and his Wife.
(^Which was done.^)
(^Dowding.^) My Lord, (^Hicks^) acknowledged before
me, that he was at (^Keinsham^) , in the Duke of (^Monmouth's^)
Army.
Mr. (^Pollexsen.^) Come, Mrs. (^Carpenter^) , tell my
Lord and the Jury, did you know the Time when
these Men came to your Lady's House?
(^L. C. J.^) Is this the Bailiff's Wife?
Mr. (^Pollexsen.^) Yes, my Lord, it is.
(^L. C. J.^) Well then, what say you to the Question:
Do you know the Time when they came?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) Yes, my Lord, they came at night.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you see them there?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) Yes.
(^L. C. J.^) Were they lodged there?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) Yes; but I never made the Bed.
(^L. C. J.^) Who did?
<P IV,120C2>
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, I cannot tell.
(^L. C. J.^) Had they any Supper, or Victuals there?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) Yes, they had.
(^L. C. J.^) Who dress'd it?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) I did.
(^L. C. J.^) By whose Order did you dress it?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) By my Lady's Order.
(^L. C. J.^) Prithee where did they eat their Meat?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) In the Chamber, my Lord, where
they lay.
(^L. C. J.^) Who was with them?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, I cannot tell, for I
did not stay in the Room.
(^L. C. J.^) Didst thou see them when they came
into the Room?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, I dress'd the Meat,
and carried it within the Door, and my Husband
set it upon the Table.
(^L. C. J.^) Prithee tell me who was with them:
Was thy Lady there?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) My Lady was in presence there
then.
(^L. C. J.^) How long did they stay below stairs before
they went up?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) Truly, my Lord, I cannot tell.
(^L. C. J.^) Did your Lady use to sup below stairs or
above?
Mrs. (^Carpenter.^) She used to sup below, my
Lord.
Mr. (^Pollexsen.^) My Lord, if your Lordship please,
this Woman and her Husband are both unwilling
Witnesses; but we will examine the Husband, and
see what we can get out of him. Hark you, (^Carpenter^) ,
did you meet with this Fellow, (^Dunne^) , at
his first coming to your Lady's House?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) Yes, my Lord, I did see him
there on the (^Saturday^) .
(^L. C. J.^) Well then, let me ask you a Question;
and be sure you tell me the Truth, for it may be I
know it already; did he offer you a Letter to be
deliver'd to your Lady?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) What do you say, (^Barter^) ?
(^Barter.^) I saw him produce it to Mr. (^Carpenter^) ,
but he refused to meddle with it.
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, he asked me, if my
Lady would give Entertainment to one (^Hicks^) , and
another Person, but he did not know who that Person
was.
(^L. C. J.^) Did he speak of another Person?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) Yes, he did.
(^L. C. J.^) Who was that other Person?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) I did ask his Name, but he said,
he did not know him.
(^L. C. J.^) Well then, when they came there on
the (^Tuesday-night^) , how did you receive them?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) I did not receive them.
(^L. C. J.^) Did not you light the Candle, and bring
it in a Lanthorn, to light him into the Stable?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, that was afterwards.
(^L. C. J.^) Did not you bring the Men into the
House?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) No, my Lord, indeed I did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Did not you see them all night?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) Yes, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Then where did you see them first?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) In the Room where they supp'd
and lay.
(^L. C. J.^) Did not you meet them in the
Courtyard?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) No, my Lord.
<P IV,121C1>
(^L. C. J.^) Who gave you Directions to light (^Dunne^)
into the Stable?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) They told me his Horse was out
in the Yard.
(^L. C. J.^) Who told you so?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) The Men did.
(^L. C. J.^) Where did they sup?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) In the Room above stairs.
(^L. C. J.^) Who supp'd along with them?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) I cannot say any body supp'd
with them.
(^L. C. J.^) Was not my Lady there?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) She was in the Room, but I did
not see her eat any thing.
(^L. C. J.^) What time of the night did they come?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) About Ten of the Clock.
(^L. C. J.^) And where did they lie?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) In the Room where they supped.
(^L. C. J.^) Who lay there?
Mr. (^Capenter.^) (^Hicks^) and (^Nelthorp^) lay there.
(^L. C. J.^) Was (^Nelthorp^) named there?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) No, I never heard of his Name
till after he was taken.
(^L. C. J.^) What kind of a Man was he?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) A tall, thin, black Man.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, what can you say more?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, this Person has swore,
that a Letter was offered me, but I refused it;
but I assure your Lordship I never saw any Letter.
(^Barter.^) I am sure he met you, and, as I remember,
there was a Letter produced.
(^L. C. J.^) Thou should'st not be angry with him,
for he spoke very kindly of thee, that thou refused'st
to meddle in it, and thereupon (^Dunne^) went into
thy Lady, and deliver'd his Message to her.
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) That, my Lord, I acknowledge.
(^L. C. J.^) Then, prithee let me ask thee another
Question: Did you carry any Beer up into the
Room?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) My Lady gave order for the
Provision.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you make (^Dunne^) drink?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) No, I did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you offer him any Drink?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, I did not see him
drink at all.
(^L. C. J.^) What say you, good Woman; Did not
your Lady sup there?
Mr. (^Carpenter.^) My Lord, my Wife was little
there at all?
Mr. (^Rumsey.^) Now, my Lord, (^Dunne^) says he will
tell all, whether it make for him or against him.
(^L. C. J.^) Let him but tell the Truth, and I am
satisfied.
(^Dunne.^) Sure, my Lord, I never entertained these
Men a night in my House in my Life; but this
(^Hicks^) sent that Man to me, to go to my Lady (^Lisle's^) ,
to know whether she would please to entertain him:
And when I came, my Lady asked me, whether he
had been in the Army or no? I told her, I could
not tell, I did not know that he was. She then ask'd
me, if he had no body else with him? I told her, I
believed there was: This is the very Truth of it,
my Lord. I asked her, might the Men be entertain'd?
She said they might. So when we came to
my Lady (^Lisle's^) , on the (^Tuesday^) night, somebody
took the two Horses, I cannot tell who, if I were
to die; the two went in; and after I had set up my
Horse, I went in along with (^Carpenter^) up into the
Chamber to my Lady, and to this (^Hicks^) and (^Nelthorp^) ;
and when I came there, I heard my Lady
bid them welcome to her House; and Mr. (^Carpenter^) ,
<P IV,121C2>
or the Maid, I cannot tell which, brought in
the Supper, and set it on the Table.
(^L. C. J.^) And did'st thou eat or drink with 'em in
the Room, or not?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I will tell every thing that I
know; I confess I did both eat and drink there in
the Room.
(^L. C. J.^) I pity thee with all my Soul, and pray
to God Almighty for thee to forgive thee, and to
the blessed Jesus to mediate for thee; and I pray
for thee with as much earnestness, as I would for my
own Soul; and I beg of thee once more, as thou
regardest thy own eternal Welfare, to tell all the
Truth.
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I did never know these Men
were in the Army when I carried the Message to
my Lady (^Lisle's^) , nor never did entertain them in
my House in my life-time, so much as one Night.
(^L. C. J.^) Prithee, I do not ask thee what thou
did'st not, but what thou did'st?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I will tell all I know.
(^L. C. J.^) What Discourse had you that Night at
the Table in the Room?
(^Dunne.^) I cannot tell what Discourse truly, my
Lord, there was.
(^L. C. J.^) Was there nothing of coming from beyond
Seas, who came from thence, and how they
came? Come, I would have it rather the Effect of
thy own Ingenuity, than lead thee by any Questions
that I can propound; come, tell us what was the
Discourse.
(^Dunne.^) I do not remember all the Discourse.
(^L. C. J.^) Prithee, let me ask thee one Question,
and answer me it fairly; Did'st not thou hear (^Nelthorp's^)
Name named in the Room?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I cannot tell whether he were
called (^Nelthorp^) , but it was either (^Crofts^) or           #
(^Nelthorp^) ,
I am sure one of them.
(^L. C. J.^) Prithee be ingenuous, and let's have the
Truth on't?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I am ingenuous, and will be
so.
(^L. C. J.^) I will assure you, (^Nelthorp^) told me all
the Story before I came out of Town?
(^Dunne.^) I think, my Lord, he was called (^Nelthorp^)
in the Room, and there was some Discourse about
him.
(^L. C. J.^) Ay, there was unquestionably, and I
know thou wert by, and that made me the more
concern'd to press upon thee the Danger of forswearing
thy self.
(^Dunne.^) My Lady ask'd (^Hicks^) who that Gentleman
was, and he said it was (^Nelthorp^) , as I
remember.
(^L. C. J.^) Very well, and upon that Discourse with
(^Nelthorp^) , which I had in Town, did I give particular
Direction, that the Outlawry of (^Nelthorp^) should
be brought down hither, for he told me particularly
of all the Passages and Discourses of his being beyond
Sea, and coming from beyond Sea: I would
not mention any such thing as any piece of Evidence
to influence this case, but I could not but tremble
to think, after what I knew, that any one should
dare so much to prevaricate with God and Man, as
to tell such horrid Lyes in the Face of a Court.
(^Dunne.^) What does your Lordship ask me?
(^L. C. J.^) Come, I will ask thee a plain Question;
Was there no Discourse there about the Battle, and
of their being in the Army?
(^Dunne.^) There was some such Discourse, my
Lord.
<P IV,122C1>
(^L. C. J.^) Ay, prithee now tell us what that Discourse
was?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, I will tell you when I have re-collected
it, if you will give me time till to-morrow
Morning.
(^L. C. J.^) Nay, but we cannot stay so long, our
Business must be dispatched now; but I would have
all People consider what a Reason there is, that
they should be pressed to join with me in hearty
Prayers to Almighty God, that this Sin of Lying
and Perjury may never be laid at thy door. What
say'st thou? Prithee tell us what the Discourse was?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, they did talk of Fighting,
but I cannot exactly tell what the Discourse was?
(^L. C. J.^) And thou said'st thou did'st eat and drink
with them in the same Room?
(^Dunne.^) I did so, my Lord, I confess it.
(^L. C. J.^) And it was not a little Girl that lighted
thee to Bed, or conducted thee in?
(^Dunne.^) It was not a little Girl.
(^L. C. J.^) Who was it then?
(^Dunne.^) It was Mr. (^Carpenter^) , my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) And why did'st thou tell so many Lyes
then? Jesu God! that we should live to see any
such Creatures among Mankind, nay, and among
us too, to the Shame and Reproach be it spoken of
our Nation and Religion: Is this that that is called
the Protestant Religion, a thing so much boasted
of, and pretended to? We have heard a great deal
of Clamour against Popery and Dispensations, what
Dispensations pray does the Protestant Religion
give for such Practices as these? I pity thee with all
my Soul, and pray for thee, but it cannot but
make all Mankind to tremble and be filled with
Horror, that such a wretched Creature should live
upon the Earth: Prithee be free, and tell us what
Discourse there was?
(^Dunne.^) My Lord, they did talk of Fighting, but
I cannot remember what it was.
(^L. C. J.^) Did you lie with them?
(^Dunne.^) No, my Lord, I did not.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, I see thou wilt answer nothing ingenuously,
therefore I will trouble my self no more
with thee: Go on with your Evidence, Gentlemen.
Mr. (^Jennings.^) My Lord, we have done, we
have no more Witnesses.
(^L. C. J.^) Then you that are for the Prisoner at
the Bar, now is your time to make your Defence;
you hear what is charged upon you, and
you see what a kind of Shuffling here has been to stifle
the Truth, and I am sorry to find the Occasion
to speak it, that under the Figure and Form of Religion
such Practices should be carried on. What
have you to say for your self?
(^Lisle.^) My Lord, that which I have to say to it,
is this: I knew of no body's coming to my House
but Mr. (^Hicks^) , and for him I was inform'd that he
did abscond, by reason of Warrants that were out
against him for preaching in private Meetings, but
I never heard that he was in the Army, nor that (^Nelthorp^)
was to come with him; and for that Reason it
was, that I sent to him to come by night: but for the
other Man (^Nelthorp^) , I never knew he was (^Nelthorp^) ,
I could die upon it, nor did not know what Name
he had, till after he came into my House; but as
for Mr. (^Hicks^) , I did not in the least suspect him to
have been in the Army, being a Presbyterian Minister,
that used to preach, and not to fight.
(^L. C. J.^) But I will tell you, there is not one of
those lying, sniveling, canting, Presbyterian Rascals,
but one way or other had a hand in the late
<P IV,122C2>
horrid Conspiracy and Rebellion; upon my Conscience
I believe it, and would have been as deep in
the actual Rebellion, had it had any little Success,
as that other Fellow (^Hicks^) ; their Principles carry
them to it: Presbytery has all manner of Villainy
in it, nothing but Presbytery could lead that Fellow
(^Dunne^) to tell so many Lyes as he has here told;
for shew me a Presbyterian, and I will engage to
shew a lying Knave.
(^Lisle.^) My Lord, I abhorred both the Principles
and Practices of the late Rebellion.
(^L. C. J.^) I am sure you had great reason for it.
(^Lisle.^) Besides, my Lord, I should have been the
most ungrateful Person living, should I have been
disloyal, or acted any thing against the present King,
considering how much I was obliged to him for
my Estate.
(^L. C. J.^) Oh then! Ungrateful, ungrateful adds
to the Load which is between Man and Man, and
is the basest Crime that any one can be guilty of.
(^Lisle.^) My Lord, had I been try'd in (^London^) , I
could have had my Lady (^Abergavenny^) , and several
other Persons of Quality, that could have testified
how much I was against this Rebellion, and with
what Detestation I spoke against it, during the time
of it; for I was all that time at (^London^) , and staid
there till after the Duke of (^Monmouth^) was beheaded;
and if I had certainly known the time of
my Trial in the Country, I could have had the
Testimony of those Persons of Honour for me.
But, my Lord, I am told, and so I thought it
would have been, that I should not have been try'd
as a Traitor for harbouring him, till he was Convict
for a Traitor. My Lord, I would take my
Death of it, that I never knew of (^Nelthorp's^) coming,
nor any thing of his being (^Nelthorp^) ; I never
ask'd his Name, and if he had told it me, I had
then remember'd the Proclamation. I do assure
you, my Lord, for my own part, I did abhor
those that were in that horrid Plot and Conspiracy
against the King's Life; I know my Duty to my
King better, and have always exercised it, I defy
any body in the world that ever knew the contrary,
to come and give Testimony.
(^L. C. J.^) Have you any more to say?
(^Lisle.^) As to what they say of my denying (^Nelthorp^)
to be in my House, I was in great Consternation
and Fear of the Soldiers, who were very rude
and violent, and could not be restrained by their
Officers from Robbery, and plundering my House.
And I beseech your Lordship to make that Construction
of it; and I humbly beg of your Lordship
not to harbour an ill Opinion of me, because
of those false Reports that go about of me, relating
to my Carriage towards the old King, that I was
any ways consenting to the Death of King (^Charles^) I.
for, my Lord, that is as false as God is true; my
Lord, I was not out of my Chamber all the day,
in which that King was beheaded, and I believe I
shed more Tears for him, than any Woman then
living did; and this the late Countess of (^Monmouth^) ,
and my Lady (^Marlborough^) , and my Lord Chancellor
(^Hyde^) , if they were alive, and twenty Persons
of the most eminent Quality, could bear witness
for me. And I do repeat it, my Lord, as I hope
to attain Salvation, I never did know (^Nelthrop^) , nor
never did see him before in my Life, nor did I
know of any body's coming, but Mr. (^Hicks^) , and
him I did know to be a Nonconformist Minister;
and there being, as is well known, Warrants out to
apprehend all Nonconformist Ministers, I was willing
to give him shelter from these Warrants. I
<P IV,123C1>
was come down but that Week into the Country,
when this Man came to me from Mr. (^Hicks^) , to know
if he might be receiv'd at my House; and I told
him, if Mr. (^Hicks^) pleas'd, he might come upon
(^Tuesday^) in the Evening, and should be welcome;
but withal I told him, I must go away the (^Monday^)
following from that place, but while I staid I would
entertain him. And I beseech your Lordship to
believe, I had no intention to harbour him but as a
Nonconformist, and that I knew was no Treason:
It cannot be imagined, that I would venture the
hazard of my own Life, and the Ruin both of myself
and Children, to conceal one that I never knew
in my Life, as I did not know Mr. (^Nelthorp^) , but
had heard of him in the Proclamation. And for
that white-headed Man that speaks of my denying
them, as I said before, he was one of them that
rifled and plunder'd my House, and tore open my
Trunk; and if I should not be convicted, he and
the rest of them may be call'd to account for what
they did, for they ought not to have meddled with
my Goods: Besides, my Lord, I have a Witness
that can testify what Mr. (^Nelthorp^) said, when he
was examined before -  
(^L. C. J.^) Look you, Mrs. (^Lisle^) , that will signify
little; but if you have any Witnesses, call them,
we will hear what they say: Who is that Man you
speak of?
(^Lisle.^) (^George Creed^) his Name is; there he is.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, what do you know?
(^Creed.^) I heard (^Nelthorp^) say, that my Lady (^Lisle^)
did not know of his coming, nor did not know his
Name; nor had he ever told his name, till he
named himself to Col. (^Penruddock^) when he was
taken.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, this is nothing; she is not indicted
for harbouring (^Nelthorp^) , but (^Hicks^) : Have
you any more Witnesses?
(^Lisle.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Have you any more to say for
yourself?
(^Lisle.^) My Lord, I came but five days before this
into the Country -  
(^L. C. J.^) Nay, I cannot tell when you came into
the Country, nor I do not care; it seems you came
time enough to harbour Rebels.
(^Lisle.^) I staid in (^London^) till all the Rebellion was
past and over; and I never uttered a good Word
for the Rebels, nor ever harbour'd so much as a
good Wish for them in my Mind: I know the King
is my Sovereign, and I know my Duty to him,
and if I would have ventured my Life for any thing,
it should have been to serve him, I know it is his
due, and I owed all I had in the World to him:
But tho' I could not fight for him my self, my Son
did; he was actually in Arms on the King's side in
this Business; I instructed him always in Loyalty,
and sent him thither; it was I that bred him up to
fight for the King.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, have you done?
(^Lisle.^) Yes, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Have you a mind to say any thing
more?
(^Lisle.^) No, my Lord.
(^L. C. J.^) Then command Silence.
(^Which was done by Proclamation.^)
(^Lisle.^) My Lord, may I speak one word more?
My Lord, I beseech you afford me your Patience
and your Advice; (^Keinsham^) , where Mr. (^Hicks^) is
said to be in Arms, does not lie in this County.
<P IV,123C2>
(^L. C. J.^) That is nothing: But the Treason you
committed was in this County.
(^Lisle.^) But I assure your Lordship I never knew
he was in the Army; and for any Talk or Discourse
in private about his or (^Nelthorp's^) being
there, I never heard any: indeed one of them
asked me, whether the Duke of (^Monmouth^) was beheaded;
and I told them, yes, for so he was before
I came out of Town: And that is all the Discourse
that I can remember, wherein he is concerned.
(^L. C. J.^) Well, have you any more to say now?
(^Lisle.^) No, my Lord.



<B CEHIST3A>
<Q E3 NN HIST BURNETCHA>
<N HISTORY CHARLES II>
<A BURNET GILBERT>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BURNET, GILBERT.
BURNET'S HISTORY OF MY OWN TIME.
PART I: THE REIGN OF CHARLES THE SECOND,
VOLS. I-II.
ED. O. AIRY.
OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1897, 1900.
PART 1, I,  PP. 165.28 - 175.19    (SAMPLE 1)
PART 2, II, PP. 156.1  - 165.14    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1,I,165>
   With the restoration of the king a spirit of extravagant
joy being spread over the nation, that brought on with it 
the throwing off the very professions of virtue and piety:
all ended in entertainments and drunkenness, which overran
<P 1,I,166>
the three kingdoms to such a degree, that it very much
corrupted all their morals. Under the colour of drinking 
the king's health, there were great disorders and much riot
every where: and the pretences to religion, both in those
of the hypocritical sort, and of the more honest but no less
pernicious enthusiasts, gave great advantages, as well as 
they furnished much matter, to the profane mockers at all
true piety. Those who had been concerned in the former
transactions thought they could not redeem themselves
from the censures and jealousies that these brought on 
them by any method that was more sure and more easy,
than by going in to the stream, and laughing at all religion,
telling or making stories to expose both themselves and
their party as impious and ridiculous.
   The king was then thirty years of age, and, as might
have been supposed, past the levities of youth and the
extravagance of pleasure. He had a very good understanding:
he knew well the state of affairs both at home
and abroad. He had a softness of temper, that charmed
all who came near him, till they found how little they could
depend on good looks, kind words, and fair promises, in
which he was liberal to excess, because he intended nothing
by them but to get rid of importunity, and to silence all
further pressing upon him. He seemed to have no sense
of religion: both at prayers and sacrament he, as it were,
took care to satisfy people that he was in no sort concerned
in that about which he was employed: so that he was very
far from being an hypocrite, unless his assisting at those
performances was a sort of hypocrisy, as no doubt it was;
but he was sure not to increase that by any the least
appearance of devotion. He said once to my self, he was
no atheist, but he could not think God would make a man
<P 1,I,167>
miserable only for taking a little pleasure out of the way.
He disguised his popery to the last: but when he talked
freely, he could not help letting himself out against the
liberty that under the Reformation all men took of inquiring
into matters: for from their inquiring into matters of          #
religion,
they carried the humour further, to inquire into matters of
state. He said often, he thought government was a much
safer and easier thing where the authority was believed
infallible, and the faith and submission of the people was 
implicit: about which I had once much discourse with him.
He was affable and easy, and loved to be made so by all
about him. The great art of keeping him long was, the
being easy, and the making every thing easy to him. He
had made such observations on the French government,
that he thought a king who might be checked, or have his
ministers called to an account by a parliament, was but
a king in name. He had a great compass of knowledge,
though he was never capable of great application or study.
He understood the mechanics and physic; and was a good
chemist, and much set on several preparations of mercury, 
chiefly the fixing it. He understood navigation well: but
above all he knew the architecture of ships so perfectly,
that in that respect he was exact rather more than became
a prince. His apprehension was quick, and his memory
good; and he was an everlasting talker. He told his
stories with a good grace: but they came in his way too
often. He had a very ill opinion both of men and women;
and did not think there was either sincerity or chastity in
<P 1,I,168>
the world out of principle, but that some had either the one
or the other out of humour or vanity. He thought that
nobody served him out of love: and so he was quits with 
all the world, and loved others as little as he thought they
loved him. He hated business, and could not be easily
brought to mind any: but when it was necessary, and he
was set to it, he would stay as long as his ministers had
work for him. The ruin of his reign, and of all his affairs,
was occasioned chiefly by his delivering himself up at his
first coming over to a mad range of pleasure. One of the
race of the Villiers, then married to Palmer, a papist, soon
after made earl of Castlemaine, who afterwards, being           #
separated 
from him, was advanced to be duchess of Cleveland,
was his first and longest mistress, by whom he had five
children. She was a woman of great beauty, but most
enormously vicious and ravenous, foolish but imperious,
<P 1,I,169>
ever uneasy to the king, and always carrying on intrigues
with other men, while yet she pretended she was jealous of
him. His passion for her, and her strange behaviour
towards him, did so disorder him, that often he was not 
master of himself, nor capable of minding business, which, in
so critical a time, required great application: but he did then
so entirely trust the earl of Clarendon that he left all to his
care, and submitted to his advices as to so many oracles.
   The earl of Clarendon was bred to the law, and was like
to grow eminent in his profession. When the wars began
he distinguished himself so in the house of commons, that
he became considerable, and was much trusted all the
while the king was at Oxford. He stayed beyond sea
following the king's fortunes, till the restoration; and
was now an absolute favourite, and the chief or the only
minister, but with too magisterial a way. He was always
pressing the king to mind his affairs, but in vain. He
was a good chancellor, only a little too rough, but 
very impartial in the administration of justice. He
never seemed to understand foreign affairs well: and yet
he meddled too much in them. He had too much levity
in his wit, and did not always observe the decorum of his
post. He was haughty, and was apt to reject those who
addressed themselves to him, with too much contempt.
He had such regard to the king, that when places were 
disposed of, even otherwise than as he advised, yet he
would justify what the king did, and disparage the pretensions
of others, not without much scorn; which created
him many enemies. He was indefatigable in business,
<P 1,I,170>
though the gout did often disable him from waiting on the
king: yet, during his credit, the king came constantly to
him when he was laid up by the gout.
   The man next to him in favour with the king was the
duke of Ormond: a man every way fitted for a court, of
a graceful appearance, a lively wit, and a cheerful temper:
a man of great expense, decent even in his vices, for he 
always kept up the forms of religion. He had gone through
many transactions in Ireland with more fidelity than success.
He had made a treaty with the Irish, which was broken
by the great body of them, though some few of them
adhered still to him. But the whole Irish nation did still
pretend, that, though they broke the agreement first, yet he,
or rather the king in whose name he had treated with them,
was bound to perform all the articles of the treaty. He
had miscarried so in the siege of Dublin that it very much 
lessened the opinion of his military conduct: yet his constant
attendance on his master, his easiness to him, and his
great sufferings for him, raised him to be lord steward of
the household, and lord lieutenant of Ireland. He was firm 
to the protestant religion, and so far firm to the laws that
he always gave good advices: but even when bad ones were
followed, he was not for complaining too much of them.
   The earl of Southampton was next to these. He was 
a man of great virtues, and of very good parts: he had a 
lively apprehension, and a good judgment. He had merited
much by his constant adhering to the king's interests during
the war, and by the large supplies he had sent him every
year during his exile; for he had a great estate, and only
three daughters to inherit it. He was made lord treasurer:
but he grew soon weary of business; for as he was subject
to the stone, which returned often and violently upon him,
so he retained the principles of liberty, and did not go in to
the violent measures of the court. When he saw the king's
temper, and his way of managing, or rather of spoiling,
<P 1,I,171>
business, he grew very uneasy, and kept himself more out
of the way than was consistent with that high post. The
king stood in some awe of him, and saw how popular he
would grow if put out of his service: and therefore he chose
rather to bear with his ill humour and contradiction, than to
dismiss him. He left the business of the treasury wholly in
the hands of his secretary, sir Philip Warwick, who was an
honest but a weak man; he understood the common road
of the treasury; but, though he pretended to wit and politics,
he was not cut out for that, and least of all for writing of
history. But he was an incorrupt man, and during seven 
years management of the treasury he made but an ordinary
fortune out of it. Before the restoration the lord treasurer
had only a small salary, with an allowance for a table, but
he gave, or rather sold, all the subaltern places, and made
great profits out of the estate of the crown: but now, that
being gone, and the earl of Southampton disdaining to sell
places, the matter was settled so, that the lord treasurer
was to have +L8000 a year, and the king was to name all the
subaltern officers. And it continued to be so all his time:
but since that time the lord treasurer has both the +L8000
and a main hand in the disposing of those places.
<P 1,I,172>
   The man that was in the greatest credit with the earl of 
Southampton was sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, who had
married his niece, and became afterwards so considerable,
that he was raised to be earl of Shaftesbury. Since he came
to have so great a name, and that I knew him for many
years, and in a very particular manner, I will dwell a little
longer on his character; for it was of a very extraordinary
composition. He began to make a considerable figure
very early. Before he was twenty, he came into the house
of commons, and was on the king's side, and undertook to 
get Wiltshire and Dorsetshire to declare for him, but he
was not able to effect it. Yet prince Maurice breaking
articles to a town that he had got to receive him, furnished
him with an excuse to forsake that side, and to turn to the
parliament. He had a wonderful faculty in speaking to 
a popular assembly, and could mix both the facetious and
the serious way of arguing very agreeably. He had
a particular talent of making others trust to his judgment,
and depend on it: and he brought over so many to a submission
to his opinion, that I never knew any man equal
to him in the art of governing parties, and of making
himself the head of them. He was, as to religion, a deist
at best. He had the dotage of astrology in him to a high
<P 1,I,173>
degree: he told me, that a Dutch doctor had from the stars
foretold him the whole series of his life. But that which
was before him, when he told me this, proved false, if he
told true: for he said he was yet to be a greater man than
he had been. He fancied that after death our souls lived
in stars. He had a general knowledge of the slighter
parts of learning, but understood little to bottom: so he
triumphed in a rambling way of talking, but argued slightly
when he was held close to any point. He had a wonderful
faculty at opposing, and running things down; but had not
the like force in building up. He had such an extravagant
vanity in setting himself out, that it was very disagreeable.
He pretended that Cromwell offered to make him king.
He was indeed of great use to him, in withstanding the 
enthusiasts of that time. He was one of those who pressed
him most to accept of the kingship, because, as he said
afterwards, he was sure it would ruin him. His strength
lay in the knowledge of England, and of all the considerable
men in it. He understood well the size of their understanding
and their tempers: and he knew how to apply
himself to them so dexterously, that, though by his
changing sides so often it was very visible how little he was
to be depended on, yet he was to the last much trusted by
all the discontented party. He had no sort of virtue, for
he was both a lewd and corrupt man and had no regard
either to truth or justice. He was not ashamed to reckon 
up the many turns he had made: and he valued himself
on the doing it at the properest season, and in the best
manner: and was not out of countenance in owning his
<P 1,I,174>
unsteadiness and deceitfulness. This he did with so much
vanity, and so little discretion, that he lost many by it, and
his reputation was at last run so low that he could not have
held much longer, had not he died in good time, either for
his family or for his party. The former would have been
ruined if he had not saved it by betraying his party.
   Another man very near of the same sort, who passed
through many great employments, was Annesley, advanced
to be earl of Anglesea; who had much more knowledge, 
and was very learned, chiefly in the law. He had a faculty
of speaking indefatigably upon every subject: but he spoke
ungracefully, and did not know that he was ill at raillery, 
for he was always attempting it. He understood our
government well, and had examined far into the original
of our constitution. He was capable of great application,
and was a man of a grave deportment, but stuck at nothing,
and was ashamed of nothing. He was neither loved nor
trusted by any man or any side: and he seemed to have
no regard to the common decencies of justice and truth,
but sold every thing that was in his power: and sold himself
so often, that at last the price fell so low that he
grew useless, because he was so well known that he was
universally despised.
<P 1,I,175>
   Holles was a man of great courage, and of as great
pride. He was counted for many years the head of the
presbyterian party. He was faithful and firm to his side,
and never changed through the whole course of his life.
He engaged in a particular opposition to Cromwell in the
time of the war. They hated one another equally. Holles
seemed to carry this too far: for he would not allow Cromwell
to have been either wise or brave; but often applied
Solomon's observation to him, (^that the battle was not to the
strong, nor favour to the men of understanding, but that
time and chance happened to all men^) . He was well versed
in the records of parliament, and argued well, but too
vehemently; for he could not bear contradiction. He had
the soul of an old stubborn Roman in him. He was
a faithful but a rough friend, and a severe but fair enemy.
He had a true sense of religion, and was a man of an
unblameable course of life, and of a sound judgment when 
it was not biassed by passion. He was made a lord for
his merit in bringing about the restoration.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 1,II,156>
[}CHAPTER IX.}]

[}THE POPISH TERROR AND THE IMPEACHMENT OF 
DANBY. DISSOLUTION OF THE PENSIONARY 
PARLIAMENT.}]

   Three days before Michaelmas Dr. Tonge came to me.
I had known him at Sir Robert Moray's. He was a gardener
and a chemist, and was full of projects and notions. 
He had got some credit in Cromwell's time, and that kept
him poor. He was a very mean divine, and seemed credulous
and simple, but I had always looked on him as a 
sincere man. At this time he told me of strange designs
against the king's person; and that Coniers, a Benedictine,
had provided himself of a poniard, with which he undertook
to kill him. I was amazed at all this, and did not 
know whether he was crazed, or had come to me on design
to involve me in a concealing of treason. So I went to
Lloyd, and sent him to the secretary's office with an 
account of that discourse of Tonge's, since I would not be
guilty of misprision of treason. He found at the office that
Tonge was making discoveries there, of which they made
no other account but that he intended to get himself to be 
made a dean. I told this next morning to Littleton and
Powle, and they looked on it as a design of Danby's, to be
laid before the next session, thereby to dispose them to 
keep up a greater force, since the papists were plotting
against the king's life. This would put an end to all 
jealousies of the king, now the papists were conspriring
against his life. But lord Halifax, when I told him of it,
had another apprehension of it. He said, considering the
suspicions all had of the duke's religion, he believed every
discovery of that sort would raise a flame which the court
<P 1,II,157>
would not be able to manage. Two days after that,
Titus Oates was brought before the council. He was the
son of an anabaptist teacher, who afterwards conformed
and got into orders, and took a benefice, as this his son
did. He was proud and ill natured, haughty, but ignorant.
He conversed much with Socinians, and had been complained
of for some very indecent expressions concerning
the mysteries of the Christian religion. He was once presented
for perjury, but he got to be a chaplain in one of the
king's ships, from which he was dismissed upon a complaint
of some unnatural practices, not to be named. He got 
a qualification from the duke of Norfolk as one of his 
chaplains: and there he fell into much discourse with the 
priests that were about that family. He seemed inclined
to be instructed in the popish religion. One Hutchinson,
a Jesuit, had that work put on him. He was a weak and 
light-headed man, and afterwards came over to the church
of England. He was a curate about the city near a year, and
came oft to me, and preached once for me. He seemed to
be a sincere, devout man, who did not at all love the order, 
for he found they were a crafty, deceitful and meddling 
sort of people. They never trusted him with any secrets, but 
employed him wholly in making converts. He went afterwards
back to that church. So all this was thought a 
juggle only to cast an odium upon Oates. He told me
that Oates and they were always in ill terms. They did
not allow him above ninepence a day, of which he complained
<P 1,II,158>
much, and Hutchinson relieved him often. They
wished they could be well rid of him, and sent him beyond
sea, being in very ill terms with him. This made him
conclude, that they had not at that time trusted him with
their secrets. He was kept for some time at S. Omer's,
and from thence sent through France into Spain, and was
now returned into England. He had been long acquainted
with Tonge, and made his first discovery to him, and by
the means of one Kirby a chemist, that was sometimes in
the king's laboratory, they signified the thing to the king.
So Tonge had an audience, and told the king a long thread
of many passages, all tending to the taking away his life;
of which the king, as he afterwards told me, knew not what
it could amount to, yet among so many particulars he did
not know but there might be some truth. So he sent him
to Danby, who intended to make some use of it, but could
not give much credit to it, and handled the matter too
remissly: for, if at first the thing had been traced quick,
either the truth or the imposture of the whole affair might
have been made appear. The king ordered Danby to say
nothing of it to the duke. In the mean while some letters
of an odd strain relating to plots and discoveries were sent
by the post to Windsor, directed to Bedingfield, the duke's
confessor; who, when he read them, carried them to the
duke, and protested he did not know what they meant, nor
from whom they came. The duke carried them to the
king: and he fancied they were writ either by Tonge or
Oates, and sent on design to have them intercepted for
giving credit to the discovery. The duke's enemies on the
other hand gave out that he had got some hints of the           #
discovery,
and brought these as a blind to impose on the king.
The matter lay in a secret and remiss management for six
<P 1,II,159>
weeks. At last, on Michaelmas eve, Oates was brought
before the council, and entertained them with a long relation
of many discourses he had heard among the Jesuits, of 
their design to kill the king. He named persons, places, 
and times, almost without number. He said many Jesuits
had disguised themselves, and were gone to Scotland, and
held field conventicles, on design to distract the government
there. He said he was sent first to St. Omer's, then to
Paris, and from thence to Spain, to negotiate this design;
and that upon his return, [{that{] he brought many letters
and directions from beyond sea, there was a great meeting
of the Jesuits held in London, in April last, in different
rooms in a tavern near St. Clement's; and that he was 
employed to convey the resolutions of those in one room to
those in another, and so to hand them round. The issue
of the consultation was, that they came to a resolution to
kill the king by shooting, stabbing, or poisoning him. That
several attempts were made, all which failed in the execution,
as shall be told when the trials are related. While
he was going on, waiting for some certain evidence to
accompany his discovery, he perceived they were jealous of
him, and so he durst not trust himself among them any
more. In all this there was not a word of Coniers, of
which Tonge had spoke to me: so that was dropped.
This was the substance of what he told the first day.
Many Jesuits were upon this seized on that night, and the 
next day, and their papers were sealed up. Next day he
accused Coleman of a strict correspondence with P. de la
Chaise, whose name he had not right, for he called him
<P 1,II,160>
Father le Shee: and he said in general that Coleman was
acquainted with all their designs. Coleman had a whole
day to make his escape, if he had thought he was in any
danger. And he had conveyed all his papers out of the
way: only he forgot a drawer under a table, in which the
papers relating to 74, 75, and a part of 76 were left: and
from these I drew the negotiations that I have formerly
mentioned as directed by him. If he had either left all his
papers or withdrawn all, it had been happy for his party.
Nothing had appeared if all had been destroyed: or if all 
had been left, it might have been concluded that the whole
secret lay in them. But he left enough to give great
jealousy, and no more appearing all was believed that the
witnesses had deposed. Coleman was out of the way the
second day, but hearing that there was a warrant out 
against him, he delivered himself next day to the secretary
of state. When Oates and he were confronted, Oates did
not know him at first: but he named him when he heard
him speak, yet he only charged him upon hearsay: so he
was put in a messenger's hands. Oates named Wakeman,
the queen's physician, but did not know him at all, and
being asked if he knew anything against him, he answered
he did not, adding, God forbid he should say any thing
more than he knew, he would not do that for all the world.
Nor did he name Langhorn, the famous lawyer, that
indeed managed all their concerns. The king found him
out in one thing: he said, when he was in Spain, he was
carried to Don John, who promised great assistance in the
execution of their designs. The king, who knew Don John
well, asked him what sort of a man he was: he answered, 
he was a tall lean man: now Don John was a little fat man.
At first he seemed to design to recommend himself to the 
duke and the ministers: for he said he heard the Jesuits oft
<P 1,II,161>
say, that the duke was not sure enough to them: and they
were in doubt whether he would approve of their killing the
king: but they were resolved if they found him stiff in that
matter to despatch him likewise. He said they had oft
made use of his name, and counterfeited his hand and seal
without his knowledge. He said the Jesuits cherished the 
faction in Scotland against Lauderdale; and intended to 
murder the duke of Ormond, as a great enemy to all their 
designs: and he affirmed he had seen many letters in
which these things were mentioned, and had heard them oft
spoke of. He gave a long account of the burning of
London, at which time he said they intended to have killed
the king: but they relented when they saw him so active
in quenching the fire, that, as he said, they had kindled.
   The whole town was all over inflamed with this discovery.
It consisted of so many particulars that it was
thought to be above invention. But when Coleman's
letters came to be read and examined, it got a great
confirmation; since by these it appeared that so many
years before, they thought the designs for the converting
the nation, and rooting out the pestilent heresy that had
reigned so long in these northern kingdoms, was very near
its being executed: mention was oft made of the duke's 
great zeal for it: and as many indecent reflections were
made on the king, for his unconstancy, and his disposition
to be brought to anything for money. They depended
upon the French king's assistance: and therefore were
earnest in their endeavours to bring about a general peace,
as that which must finish their design. On the second
day after this discovery, the king went to Newmarket.
<P 1,II,162>
This was censured as a very indecent levity in him, to go
and see horse races, when all people were so much possessed
with this extraordinary discovery, to which Coleman's
letters had gained an universal credit. While the king 
was gone, Tonge desired to speak with me. So I went to 
him to Whitehall, where both he and Oates were lodged 
under a guard. I found him so lifted up, that he seemed
to have lost the little sense he had. Oates came in and
made me a compliment, that I was one that was marked
out to be killed. He had before said the same of Stillingfleet,
but he made that honour he did us too cheap, when 
he said Tonge was to be served in the same manner,
because he had translated the Jesuits' morals into English.
He broke out into great fury against the Jesuits, and said
he would have their blood: but I, to divert him from that
strain, asked him, what were the arguments that prevailed
on him to change his religion, and to go over to the church
of Rome? He upon that stood up, and laid his hands on
his breast, and said, God and his holy angels knew that he
had never changed, but that he had gone among them on
purpose to betray them. This gave me such a character of 
him, that I could have no regard to anything that he either
said or swore after that.
   A few days after this a very extraordinary thing happened,
that contributed more than any other thing to the
establishing the belief of all this evidence. Sir Edmund
Berry Godfrey was an eminent justice of peace, that lived
near Whitehall. He had the courage to stay in London,
and keep things in order, during the plague, which gained
him much reputation, and upon which he was knighted.
He was esteemed the best justice of peace in England, and
kept the quarter where he lived in very good order. He 
was then entering upon a great design of taking up all
beggars, and putting them to work. He was thought vain
and apt to take too much upon him: but there are so few 
men of public spirits, that small faults, though they lessen
them, yet ought to be gently censured. I knew him well,
<P 1,II,163>
and never had reason to think him faulty that way. He
was a zealous protestant, and loved the church of England,
but had kind thoughts of the nonconformists, and was not
forward to execute the laws against them: and he, to avoid
the being put on doing that, was not apt to search for
priests or mass-houses: so that few men of his zeal lived in
better terms with the papists than he did. Oates went to
him the day before he appeared at the council board; and
made oath of the narrative he intended to make, which he
afterwards published. This seemed to be done in distrust
of the privy council, as if they might stifle his evidence;
which to prevent, he put it in safe hands. Upon that
Godfrey was chid for his meddling in so tender a matter;
and it was generally believed that Coleman and he were
long in a private conversation, between the time of his
[{Coleman's{] being put in the messenger's hands and his
being made a close prisoner: which was done as soon as
report was made to the council of the contents of his
letters. It is certain Godfrey grew apprehensive and
reserved: for meeting me on the streets, after some discourse
of the present state of affairs, he said he believed he 
himself should be knocked on the head. Yet he took no
care of himself, and went about, according to his own
maxim, still without a servant, for he used to say that the
servants in London were corrupted by the idleness and ill
company they fell into while they attended on their masters.
On that day fortnight in which Oates had made his discovery,
being a Saturday, he went abroad in the morning, 
and was seen about one o'clock near S. Clement's church,
but was never seen any more. He was a punctual man to
good hours: so his servants were amazed when he did not
come home: yet, he having an ancient mother that lived
at Hammersmith, they fancied he had heard she was dying,
and so was gone to see her. Next morning they sent
thither, but heard no news of him. So his two brothers,
who lived in the city, were sent to. They were not 
acquainted with his affairs: so they did not know whether
<P 1,II,164>
he might not have stepped aside for debt, since at that time
all people were calling in their money, which broke a great
many: but no creditor coming about the house, they on 
Tuesday published his being thus lost. The council sat
upon it, and were going to order a search of all the houses
about the town; but were diverted from it, by many stories
that were brought them by the duke of Norfolk: sometimes
it was said he was indecently married, and the scene
was often shifted of the places where it was said he was.
Norfolk's officiousness in this matter, and the last place he
was seen at being near Arundel house, brought him under
great suspicion. On Thursday one came into a bookseller's
shop after dinner, and said he was found thrust
through with a sword. That was presently brought as 
news to me, but the reporter of it was not known. That
night late his body was found in a ditch, about a mile out
of town, near St. Pancras church. His sword was thrust
through him, but no blood was on his clothes or about
him. His shoes were clean, his money was in his pocket:
but nothing was about his neck, and a mark was all round
it, an inch broad, which shewed he was strangled. His 
breast was likewise all over marked with bruises, and his
neck was broken. All this I saw; for Lloyd and I went
to view his body. There were many drops of white waxlights
<P 1,II,165>
on his breeches; which he never used himself; and
since only persons of quality or priests use those lights,
this made all people conclude in whose hands he must have
been. And it was visible he was first strangled, and then
carried to that place, where his sword was run into his dead
body. For a while it was given out that he was a                #
hypochondriacal
man, and had killed himself. Of this the
king was possessed, till Lloyd went and told him what he
had seen. The body lay two days exposed, many going
to see it, who went away much moved with the sight.
And indeed men's spirits were so sharpened upon it, that 
we all looked on it as a very great happiness that the
people did not vent their fury upon the papists about
the town.



<B CEHIST3B>
<Q E3 NN HIST MILTON>
<N HISTORY OF BRITAIN>
<A MILTON JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^MILTON, JOHN.
THE HISTORY OF BRITAIN, THAT PART ESPECIALLY
NOW CALL'D ENGLAND (1670).
THE WORKS OF JOHN MILTON, VOL. X.
ED. G. P. KRAPP.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1932.
PP. 141.1  - 150.5       (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 270.15 - 281.17      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P X,141>
[}THE HISTORY OF BRITAIN.}]

[}THE FOURTH BOOK}]

   The (^Saxons^) grown up now to 7 absolute Kingdoms,
and the latest of them establish'd by succession, finding
thir power arrive well nigh at the utmost of what
was to be gain'd upon the (^Britans^) , and as little fearing   #
to be
displanted by them, had time now to survey at leasure one 
anothers greatness. Which quickly bred among them, either
envy, or mutual jealousies; till the West Kingdom at length 
grown over powerful, put an end to all the rest. Mean while,
above others, (^Ethelbert^) of (^Kent^) , who by this time had  #
well
rip'nd his young ambition, with more ability of years and
experience in War, what before he attempted to his loss, now
successfully attains; and by degrees brought all the other
Monarchies between (^Kent^) and (^Humber^) , to be at his       #
devotion.
To which design the Kingdom of (^West-Saxons^) , being
the firmest of them all, at that time sore shak'n by thir       #
overthrow
at (^Wodens-beorth^) , and the Death of (^Keaulin^) , gave him
no doubt a main advantage; the rest yeilded not subjection,
but as he earn'd it by continual Victories. And to win him the
more regard abroad, he marries (^Bertha^) the French Kings
Daughter, though a Christian, and with this condition, to
have the free exercise of her Faith, under the care and         #
instruction
of (^Letardus^) a Bishop, sent by her Parents along
with her; the King notwithstanding and his people retaining
thir own Religion. (^Beda^) out of (^Gildas^) laies it sadly    #
to the
<P X,142>
(^Britans^) charge, that they never would voutsafe thir         #
(^Saxon^)
Neighbours the means of conversion: but how far to blame 
they were, and what hope there was of converting in the
midst of so much hostility, at least falshood from thir first
arrival, is not now easie to determin. Howbeit not long after, 
they had the Christian Faith preach't to them by a Nation
more remote, and (as a report went, accounted old in (^Bedas^)
time) upon this occasion.
The (^Northumbrians^) had a custom at that time, and many
hunder'd yeares after not abolish't, to sell thir Children for  #
a
small value into any Foren Land. Of which number, two 
comly youths were brought to (^Rome^) , whose fair and honest
countnances invited (^Gregory^) Arch-Deacon of that Citty,
among others that beheld them, pittying thir condition, to
demand whence they were; it was answer'd by som who
stood by, that they were (^Angli^) of the Province (^Deira^) ,  #
subjects
to (^Alla^) King of (^Northumberland^) , and by Religion        #
Pagans.
Which last (^Gregory^) deploring, fram'd on a sudden this
allusion to the three names he heard; that the (^Angli^) so     #
like 
to Angels should be snatch't (\de ira\) , that is, from the     #
wrath of
God, to sing Hallelujah : and forthwith obtaining licence of
(^Benedict^) the Pope, had come and preach't heer among them,
had not the (^Roman^) people, whose love endur'd not the        #
absence
of so vigilant a Pastor over them, recall'd him then on
his journey, though but deferr'd his pious intention. For a
while after, succeeding in the Papal Seat, and now in his
fourth year, admonisht, saith (^Beda^) , by divine instinct, he
sent (^Augustine^) whom he had design'd for Bishop of the
<P X,143>
(^English^) Nation, and other zealous Monks with him, to
preach to them the Gospel. Who being now on thir way,
discouraged by some reports, or thir own carnal fear, sent
back (^Austin^) , in the name of all, to beseech (^Gregory^)    #
they
might return home, and not be sent a journey so full of hazard,
to a fierce and infidel Nation, whose tongue they understood
not. (^Gregory^) with pious and Apostolic perswasions
exhorts them not to shrink back from so good a work, but
cheerfully to go on in the strength of divine assistance. The
Letter it self yet extant among our Writers of Ecclesiastic
story, I omit heer, as not professing to relate of those        #
matters
more then what mixes aptly with civil affairs. The Abbot
(^Austin^) , for so he was ordain'd over the rest,              #
reincourag'd by
the exhortations of (^Gregory^) , and his fellows by the Letter
which he brought them, came safe to the Ile of (^Tanet^) , in
number about 40, besides some of the French Nation whom
they took along as Interpreters. (^Ethelbert^) the King, to     #
whom
(^Austin^) at his landing had sent a new and wondrous message,
that he came from (^Rome^) to proffer Heav'n and eternal        #
happiness
in the knowledge of another God then the (^Saxons^)
knew, appoints them to remain where they landed, and            #
necessaries
to be provided them, consulting in the mean time 
what was to be done. And after certain days coming into the
Iland, chose a place to meet them under the open Sky, possest
with an old perswasion, that all Spells, if they should use any
to deceive him, so it were not within doors, would be           #
unavailable.
They on the other side call'd to his presence, advancing
for thir Standard, a silver cross, and the painted
<P X,144>
image of our Saviour, came slowly forward singing thir
solemn Litanies: which wrought in (^Ethelbert^) more suspition 
perhaps that they us'd enchantments; till sitting down as the 
King will'd them, they there preach'd to him, and all in that 
assembly, the tidings of Salvation. Whom having heard           #
attentively,
the King thus answer'd. Fair indeed and ample
are the promises which ye bring, and such things as have the
appearance in them of much good; yet such as being new and 
uncertain, I cannot hastily assent to, quitting the Religion
which from my Ancestors, with all the (^English^) Nation,
so many years I have retain'd. Nevertheless because ye are
strangers, and have endur'd so long a journey, to impart us
the knowledge of things, which I perswade me you believe
to be the truest and the best, ye may be sure we shall not
recompence you with any molestation, but shall provide
rather how we may friendliest entertain ye; nor do we forbid
whom ye can by preaching gain to your belief. And accordingly
thir residence he allotted them in (^Doroverne^) or             #
(^Canturbury^)
his chief Citty, and made provision for thir maintenance,
with free leave to preach their doctrine where they
pleased. By which, and by the example of thir holy life, spent
in prayer, fasting, and continual labour in the conversion of
Souls, they won many; on whose bounty and the Kings, receiving
only what was necessary, they subsisted. There stood
without the Citty, on the East-side, an ancient Church built
in honour of St. (^Martin^) , while yet the (^Romans^)          #
remain'd heer:
in which (^Bertha^) the Queen went out usually to pray: Heer
they also began first to preach, baptize, and openly to         #
exercise
<P X,145>
divine worship. But when the King himself convinc't by thir
good life & miracles, became Christian, and was baptiz'd,
which came to pass in the very first year of thir arrival, then
multitudes daily, conforming to thir Prince, thought it honour
to be reckon'd among those of his faith. To whom (^Ethelbert^)
indeed principally shewed his favour, but compell'd
none. For so he had bin taught by them who were both the
Instructors and the Authors of his faith, that Christian        #
Religion
ought to be voluntary, not compell'd. About this time
(^Kelwulf^) the Son of (^Cutha Keaulins^) Brother reign'd over  #
the
(^West-Saxons^) , after his Brother (^Keola^) or (^Kelric^) ,   #
and had continual
War either with (^English, Welch, Picts^) , or (^Scots^) . But
(^Austin^) , whom with his fellows, (^Ethelbert^) now had       #
endow'd
with a better place for thir abode in the Citty, and other      #
possessions
necessary to livelihood, crossing into (^France^) , was by
the Archbishop of (^Arles^) , at the appointment of Pope        #
(^Gregory^) ,
ordain'd Archbishop of the (^English^) : and returning, sent
to (^Rome Laurence^) and (^Peter^) , two of his associates, to  #
acquaint
the Pope of his good success in (^England^) , and to be
resolv'd of certain Theological, or rather Levitical questions:
with answers to which, not proper in this place, (^Gregory^)
sends also to the great work of converting, that went on so
happily, a supply of labourers, (^Mellitus, Justus, Paulinus,
Rufinian^) , and many others; who what they were, may be 
guess't by the stuff which they brought with them, vessels
and vestments for the Altar, Coaps, reliques, and for the
Archbishop (^Austin^) a Pall to say Mass in: to such a rank
superstition that Age was grown, though some of them yet
<P X,146>
retaining an emulation of Apostolic zeal: lastly, to            #
(^Ethelbert^)
they brought a letter with many presents. (^Austin^) thus       #
exalted
to Archiepiscopal authority, recover'd from the ruins and
other profane uses, a Christian Church in (^Canturbury^) built
of old by the (^Romans^) ; which he dedicated by the name of
Christs Church, and joyning to it built a seat for himself and
his successors; a Monastery also neer the Citty Eastward,
where (^Ethelbert^) at his motion built St. (^Peters^) , and    #
enrich't it
with great endowments, to be a place of burial for the          #
Archbishops
and Kings of (^Kent^) : so quickly they step't up into
fellowship of pomp with Kings. While thus (^Ethelbert^) and
his people had thir minds intent, (^Ethelfrid^) the             #
(^Northumbrian^)
King, was not less busied in far different affairs: for
being altogether warlike, and covetous of fame, he more
wasted the (^Britans^) then any (^Saxon^) King before him;      #
winning 
from them large Territories, which either he made tributary,
or planted with his own Subjects. Whence (^Edan^) King of
those (^Scots^) that dwelt in (^Britain^) , jealous of his      #
successes,
came against him with a mighty Army, to a place call'd
(^Degsastan^) ; but in the fight loosing most of his men,       #
himself
with a few escap'd: only (^Theobald^) the Kings brother, and
the whole wing which he commanded, unfortunately cut
off, made the Victory to (^Ethelfrid^) less intire. Yet from    #
that
time no King of (^Scots^) in hostile manner durst pass into     #
(^Britain^)
for a hunderd and more years after: and what some years
before, (^Kelwulf^) the (^West-Saxon^) is annal'd to have done
against the (^Scots^) and (^Picts^) , passing through the Land  #
of
(^Ethelfrid^) a King so potent, unless in his aid and           #
alliance, is
<P X,147>
not likely. (^Buchanan^) writes as if (^Ethelfrid^) , assisted  #
by (^Keaulin^)
whom he mistitles King of (^East-Saxons^) , had before this 
time a battel with (^Aidan^) , wherein (^Cutha Keaulins^) son   #
was
slain. But (^Cutha^) , as is above written from better          #
authority,
was slain in fight against the (^Welch^) 20 years before. The
number of Christians began now to increase so fast, that
(^Augustine^) ordaining Bishops under him, two of his           #
assistants
(^Mellitus^) and (^Justus^) , sent them out both to the work    #
of thir
ministry. And (^Mellitus^) by preaching converted the           #
(^East-Saxons^) ,
over whom (^Sebert^) the son of (^Sleda^) , by permission of
(^Ethelbert^) , being born of his sister (^Ricula^) , then      #
reign'd.
Whose conversion (^Ethelbert^) to gratulate, built them the     #
great
Church of St. (^Paul^) in (^London^) to be their Bishops        #
Cathedral;
as (^Justus^) also had his built at (^Rochester^) , and both    #
gifted by
the same King with fair possessions. Hitherto (^Austin^)        #
laboured
well among Infidels, but not with like commendation
soon after among Christians. For by means of (^Ethelbert^)      #
summoning
the (^Britan^) Bishops to a place on the edge of                #
(^Worcestershire^) ,
call'd from that time (^Augustines^) Oke, he requires
them to conform with him in the same day of celebrating
(^Easter^) , and many other points wherein they differ'd from   #
the
rites of (^Rome^) : which when they refus'd to do, not          #
prevailing
by dispute, he appeals to a miracle, restoring to sight a blind
man whom the (^Britans^) could not cure. At this something
mov'd, though not minded to recede from thir own opinions
without furder consultation, they request a second meeting:
to which came seven (^Britan^) Bishops, with many other lerned
men, especially from the famous Monastery of (^Bangor^) , in
<P X,148>
which were said to be so many Monks, living all by thir own
labour, that being divided under seven Rectors, none had
fewer then 300. One man there was who staid behind, a
Hermit by the life he led, who by his wisdom effected more
then all the rest who went: being demanded, for they held
him as an Oracle, how they might know (^Austin^) to be a man
from God, that they might follow him, he answer'd, that if
they found him meek and humble, they should be taught by
him, for it was likeliest to be the yoke of Christ, both what
he bore himself, and would have them bear; but if he bore
himself proudly, that they should not regard him, for he was
then certainly not of God. They took his advice, and hasted 
to the place of meeting. Whom (^Austin^) being already there
before them, neither arose to meet, nor receiv'd in any         #
brotherly
sort, but sat all the while pontifically in his Chair.
Whereat the (^Britans^) , as they were counsel'd by the holy    #
man,
neglected him, and neither hark'n'd to his proposals of         #
conformity,
nor would acknowledge him for an Archbishop:
And in name of the rest, (^Dinothus^) then Abbot of             #
(^Bangor^) , is
said, thus sagely to have answer'd him. As to the subjection
which you require, be thus perswaded of us, that in the bond
of love and charity we are all Subjects and Servants to the 
Church of God, yea to the Pope of (^Rome^) , and every good
Christian to help them forward, both by word and deed, to
be the Childern of God: other obedience then this we know
not to be due to him whom you term the Pope; and this obedience
we are ready to give both to him and to every Christian
continually. Besides, we are govern'd under God by the 
<P X,149>
Bishop of (^Caerleon^) , who is to oversee us in spiritual      #
matters.
To which (^Austin^) thus presaging, some say menacing,          #
replies, 
since ye refuse to accept of peace with your brethren, ye shall
have War from your enemies; and since ye will not with
us preach the word of life, to whom ye ought, from their
hands ye shall receive death. This, though Writers agree not 
whether (^Austin^) spake it as his prophecy, or as his plot     #
against
the (^Britans^) , fell out accordingly. For many years were not
past, when (^Ethelfrid^) , whether of his own accord, or at the
request of (^Ethelbert^) incens't by (^Austin^) , with a        #
powerful host
came to (^Westchester^) , then (^Caer-legion^) . Where being    #
met by 
the (^British^) Forces, and both sides in readiness to give     #
the 
onset, he discernes a company of men, not habited for War,
standing together in a place of some safety; and by them a 
Squadron arm'd. Whom having lernt upon some enquiry to
be Priests and Monks, assembl'd thither after three days        #
fasting,
to pray for the good success of thir Forces against him,
therefore they first, saith he, shall feel our Swords; for they
who pray against us, fight heaviest against us by thir prayers,
and are our dangerousest enemies. And with that turns his
first charge upon the Monks: (^Brocmail^) the Captain set to 
guard them, quickly turns his back, and leaves above 1200
Monks to a sudden massacher, whereof scarse fifty scap'd,
but not so easie work found (^Ethelfrid^) against another part  #
of
(^Britans^) that stood in arms, whom though at last he          #
overthrew,
yet with slaughter nigh as great to his own souldiers.
To excuse (^Austin^) of this bloodshed, lest some might think   #
it
his revengeful policy, (^Beda^) writes that he was dead long    #
before,
<P X,150>
although if the time of his sitting Archbishop be right
computed sixteen years, he must survive this action. Other
just ground of charging him with this imputation appears not,
save what evidently we have from (^Geffry Monmouth^) , whose
weight we know.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P X,270>
[}EDMUND IRONSIDE.}] 

   After the decease of (^Ethelred^) , they of the Nobility
who were then at (^London^) together with the Citizens,
chose (^Edmund^) his Son (not by (^Emma^) , but a former Wife   #
the
Daughter of Earl (^Thored^) ) in his Fathers room; but the      #
Archbishops,
Abbots, and many of the Nobles assembling together
elected (^Canute^) ; and coming to (^Southamton^) where he then
remain'd, renounc'd before him all the race of (^Ethelred^) ,   #
and
swore him fidelity: he also swore to them, in matters both
religious and secular, to be thir faithfull Lord. But           #
(^Edmund^)
with all speed going to the (^West-Saxons^) , was joyfully      #
receav'd
of them as thir King, and of many other Provinces by their 
example. Mean while (^Canute^) about mid (^May^) came with his
<P X,271>
whole Fleet up the River to (^London^) ; then causing a great
Dike to be made on (^Surrey^) side, turn'd the stream and drew
his Ships thether West of the Bridge; then begirting the City
with a broad and deep trench, assail'd it on every side; but
repulst as before by the valorous Defendants, and in despair
of success at that time, leaving part of his Army for the       #
defence
of his Ships, with the rest sped him to the (^West-Saxons^) ,
ere (^Edmund^) could have time to assemble all his powers: who
yet with such as were at hand invoking divine aid, encounterd
the (^Danes^) at (^Pen^) by (^Gillingham^) in                   #
(^Dorsetshire^) , and put him
to flight. After mid-summer, encreast with new Forces, he met
with him again at a place call'd (^Sherastan^) , now            #
(^Sharstan^) ; but
(^Edric, Almar^) , and (^Algar^) , with the (^Hamshire^) and    #
(^Wiltshire^)
men, then sideing with the (^Danes^) , he only maintain'd the
fight, obstinatly fought on both sides, till night and          #
weariness
parted them. Day light returning renu'd the conflict; wherein
the (^Danes^) appearing inferiour, (^Edric^) to dishart'n the   #
English
cuts off the Head of one (^Osmer^) , in countnance and hair     #
somewhat
resembling the King, and holding it up, cries aloud to
the English, that (^Edmund^) being slain and this his head, it
was time for them to flie; which falacy (^Edmund^) perceaving,
and op'nly shewing himself to his Souldiers, by a spear thrown
at (^Edric^) , that missing him yet slew one next him, and      #
through
him another behinde, they recoverd heart, and lay sore upon
the (^Danes^) till night parted them as before: for ere the     #
third
morn, (^Canute^) sensible of his loss, march'd away by stealth  #
to
his Ships at (^London^) , renuing there his leagre. Some would
have this Battell at (^Sherastan^) the same with that at        #
(^Scorastan^)
<P X,272>
before mention'd, but the circumstance of time permits not
that, having bin before the landing of (^Canute^) , this a good
while after, as by the Process of things appears: from          #
(^Sherastan^)
or (^Sharstan, Edmund^) return'd to the (^West-Saxons^) , whose
valour (^Edric^) fearing, least it might prevail against the    #
(^Danes^) ,
sought pardon of his revolt, and obtaining it swore loyalty to 
the King, who now the third time coming with an Army from
the (^West-Saxons^) to (^London^) , rais'd the Seige, chaseing  #
(^Canute^)
and his (^Danes^) to thir Ships. Then after two daies passing   #
the
(^Thames^) at (^Branford^) , and so coming on thir backs, kept  #
them
so turn'd, and obtain'd the Victory: then returns again to his
(^West Saxons^) , and (^Canute^) to his Seige, but still in     #
vain; riseing
therfore thence, he enterd with his Ships a River then call'd 
(^Arenne^) ; and from the Banks therof wafted (^Mercia^) ;      #
thence
thir Horse by land, thir Foot by Ship came to (^Medway^) .      #
(^Edmund^)
in the mean while with multipli'd Forces out of many
Shires, crossing again at (^Branford^) , came into (^Kent^) ,   #
seeking
(^Canute^) ; encounterd him at (^Otford^) , and so defeated,    #
that of
his Horse, they who escap'd fled to the Ile of (^Sheppey^) ,    #
and a 
full Victory he had gain'd, had not (^Edric^) still the         #
Traytor by
some wile or other detain'd his persuit: and (^Edmund^) who
never wanted courage, heer wanted prudence to be so misled,
ever after forsak'n of his wonted Fortune. (^Canute^) crossing
with his Army into (^Essex^) , thence wasted (^Mercia^) worse   #
then
before, and with heavy prey return'd to his Ships: them         #
(^Edmund^)
with a collected Army persueing, overtook at a place
call'd (^Assandune^) , or (^Asseshill^) , now (^Ashdown^) in    #
(^Essex^) ; the
Battel on either side was fought with great vehemence; but
<P X,273>
perfidious (^Edric^) perceaving the Victory to incline towards
(^Edmund^) , with that part of the Army which was under him,
fled, as he had promis'd (^Canute^) , and left the King         #
over-match't
with numbers: by which desertion the English were over-thrown,
Duke (^Alfric^) , Duke (^Godwin^) , and (^Ulfketel^) the        #
valiant
Duke of (^East-Angles^) , with a great part of the Nobility
slain, so as the English of a long time had not receav'd a      #
greater
blow. Yet after a while (^Edmund^) not absurdly call'd          #
(^Ironside^) ,
preparing to try again his Fortune in another feild, was        #
hinderd
by (^Edric^) and others of his faction, adviseing him to make
peace and divide the Kingdome with (^Canute^) . To which        #
(^Edmund^)
over-rul'd, a treaty appointed, and pledges mutually
giv'n, both Kings met together at a place call'd (^Deorhirst^)  #
in
(^Glostershire; Edmund^) on the West side of (^Severn,          #
Canute^) on 
the East with thir Armies, then both in person wafted into an
Iland, at that time call'd (^Olanege^) , now (^Alney^) in the   #
midst of
the River; swearing amity and brotherhood, they parted the 
Kingdome between them. Then interchanging Armes and the 
habit they wore, assessing also what pay should be allotted to
the Navy; they departed each his way. Concerning this interveiw
and the cause therof, others write otherwise; (^Malmsbury^) ,
that (^Edmund^) greiving at the loss of so much blood spilt
for the ambition only of two men striveing who should reign,
of his own accord sent to (^Canute^) , offering him single      #
Combate,
to prevent in thir own cause the effusion of more blood
then thir own; that (^Canute^) though of courage anough, yet    #
not
unwisely doubting to adventure his body of small Timber, 
against a man of Iron sides, refus'd the Combate, offring to
<P X,274>
divide the Kingdome; this offer pleasing both Armies,           #
(^Edmund^)
was not difficult to consent; and the decision was, that
he as his hereditary Kingdome should rule the (^West-Saxons^) ,
and all the (^South, Canute^) the (^Mercians^) , and the        #
(^North^) . (^Huntingdon^)
follow'd by (^Mat. West.^) relates, that the Peers on every
side wearied out with continuall warfare, and not refraining 
to affirm op'nly, that they two who expected to reign singly,
had most reason to fight singly, the Kings were content; the
Iland was thir lists, the Combate Knightly; till (^Knute^)      #
finding
himself too weak, began to parle, which ended as is said        #
before.
After which the (^Londoners^) bought thir peace of the
(^Danes^) , and permitted them to winter in the City. But King
(^Edmund^) about the Feast of St. (^Andrew^) , unexpectedly     #
deceas'd
at (^London^) , and was buried neer (^Edgar^) his Grandfather
at (^Glaston^) . The cause of his so sudden death is uncertain;
common fame, saith (^Malmsbury^) , laies the guilt therof
upon (^Edric^) , who to please (^Canute^) , allur'd with        #
promise of reward
two of the Kings Privy Chamber, though at first abhorring
the fact, to assassinate him at the stool, by thrusting a 
sharp Iron into his hinder parts. (^Huntingdon^) , and (^Mat.   #
West.^)
relate it done at (^Oxford^) by the Son of (^Edric^) , and      #
something
vary in the manner, not worth recital. (^Edmund^) dead,         #
(^Canute^)
meaning to reign sole King of (^England^) , calls to him all    #
the
Dukes, Barons, and Bishops of the Land, cunningly demanding
of them who were witnesses what agreement was made
between him and (^Edmund^) dividing the Kingdome, whether
the Sons and Brothers of (^Edmund^) were to govern the          #
(^West-Saxons^)
after him, (^Canute^) living? they who understood his
<P X,275>
meaning, and fear'd to undergo his anger, timorously answerd, 
that (^Edmund^) they knew had left no part therof to his Sons   #
or
Brethren, living or dying; but that he intended (^Canute^)      #
should
be thir Guardian, till they came to age of reigning. (^Simeon^)
affirms, that for fear or hope of reward they attested what     #
was 
not true: notwithstanding which he put many of them to
death not long after.

[}CANUTE, OR KNUTE.}]

   Canute having thus sounded the Nobility, and by
them understood, receav'd thir Oath of fealty, they
the pledge of his bare hand, and Oath from the (^Danish^)
Nobles; whereupon the House of (^Edmund^) was renounc't, and
(^Canute^) Crown'd. Then they enacted, that (^Edwi^) Brother of
(^Edmund^) , a Prince of great hope, should be banish't the
Realm. But (^Canute^) not thinking himself secure while         #
(^Edwi^) 
liv'd, consulted with (^Edric^) how to make him away; who told
him of one (^Ethelward^) a decay'd Nobleman, likeliest to do    #
the
work. (^Ethelward^) sent for, and tempted by the King in        #
privat,
with largest rewards, but abhorring in his mind the deed,
promisd to do it when he saw his opportunity; and so still
deferr'd it. But (^Edwi^) afterwards receav'd into favour as a
snare, was by him or some other of his false freinds,           #
(^Canute^)
contriving it, the same year slain. (^Edric^) also counsel'd    #
him to 
dispatch (^Edward^) and (^Edmund^) , the Sons of                #
(^Ironside^) ; but the
King doubting that the fact would seem too foul done in
(^England^) , sent them to the King of (^Sweden^) , with like   #
intent;
but he disdaining the Office, sent them for better safety to
(^Solomon^) King of (^Hungary^) ; where (^Edmund^) at length    #
dy'd,
<P X,276>
but (^Edward^) married (^Agatha^) Daughter to (^Henry^) the     #
(^German^)
Emperour. A digression in the Laws of (^Edward^) Confessor
under the Title of (\Lex Noricorum\) saith, that this           #
(^Edward^) for
fear of (^Canute^) , fled of his own accord to (^Malesclot^)    #
King of
the (^Rugians^) , who receav'd him honourably, and of that      #
Country
gave him a Wife. (^Canute^) settl'd in his Throne, divided
the Government of his Kingdom into fowr parts; the              #
(^West-Saxons^)
to himself, the (^East-Angles^) to Earl (^Turkill^) , the       #
(^Mercians^)
to (^Edric^) , the (^Northumbrians^) to (^Eric^) ; then made    #
peace
with all Princes round about him, and his former Wife being
dead, in (^July^) married (^Emma^) the Widow of King            #
(^Ethelred^) .
The (^Christmas^) following was an ill Feast to (^Edric^) , of  #
whose
Treason, the King having now made use as much as serv'd
his turn, and fearing himself to be the next betray'd, caus'd
him to be slain at (^London^) in the Palace, thrown over the    #
City
Wall, and there to lie unburied; the head of (^Edric^) fixt on  #
a
pole, he commanded to be set on the highest Tower of            #
(^London^) ,
as in a double sence he had promis'd him, for the murder
of King (^Edmund^) to exalt him above all the Peers of          #
(^England^) .
(^Huntingdon, Malmsbury^) , and (^Mat. West.^) write, that      #
suspecting
the Kings intention to degrade him from his (^Mercian^)
Dukedome, and upbraiding him with his merits, the King 
enrag'd, caus'd him to be strangl'd in the room, and out at a
Window thrown into the (^Thames^) . Another writes, that        #
(^Eric^)
at the Kings command struck off his head. Other great men 
though without fault, as Duke (^Norman^) the Son of (^Leofwin,
Ethelward^) Son of Duke (^Agelmar^) , he put to death at the    #
same
time, jealous of thir power of familiarity with (^Edric^) : and
<P X,277>
notwithstanding peace, kept still his Army; to maintain
which, the next year he squees'd out of the English, though
now his subjects, not his Enemies, 72, some say, 82 thousand
pound, besides 15 thousand out of (^London^) . Mean while great
War arose at (^Carr^) , between (^Uthred^) Son of (^Waldef^) ,  #
Earl of
(^Northumberland^) , and (^Malcolm^) Son of (^Kened^) King of   #
(^Scots^) ,
with whom held (^Eugenius^) King of (^Lothian^) . But heer      #
(^Simeon^)
the relater seems to have committed some mistake, having
slain (^Uthred^) by (^Canute^) two years before, and set        #
(^Eric^) in his
place: (^Eric^) therfore it must needs be, not (^Uthred^) ,     #
who manag'd
this War against the (^Scots^) . About which time in a          #
Convention
of (^Danes^) at (^Oxford^) , it was agreed on both parties to
keep the Laws of (^Edgar; Mat. West.^) saith, of (^Edward^)     #
the 
Elder. The next year (^Canute^) sail'd into (^Denmarke^) , and  #
there
abode all Winter. (^Huntingdon^) and (^Mat. West.^) say, he     #
went
thether to repress the (^Swedes^) , and that the night before a
Battel to be fought with them. (^Godwin^) stealing out of the
Camp with his English, assaulted the (^Swedes^) , and had got   #
the
victory ere (^Canute^) in the morning knew of any fight. For
which bold enterprise, though against Discipline, he had the
English in more esteem ever after. In the Spring at his return
into (^England^) , he held in the time of (^Easter^) a great    #
assembly
at (^Chirchester^) , and the same year was with (^Turkill^)     #
the (^Dane^)
at the dedication of a Church by them built at (^Assendune^) ,  #
in
the place of that great Victory which won him the Crown.
But suspecting his greatness, the year following banish'd him 
the Realm, and found occasion to do the like by (^Eric^) the
(^Northumbrian^) Earl upon the same jealousie. Nor yet content
<P X,278>
with his Conquest of (^England^) , though now above ten years
enjoy'd, he pass'd with 50 Ships into (^Norway^) , dispossess'd
(^Olave^) thir King, and subdu'd the land, first with great
summes of money sent the year before to gain him a party,
then coming with an Army to compell the rest. Thence returning
King of (^England, Denmarke^) , and (^Norway^) , yet not
secure in his mind, under colour of an Embassey he sent into
banishment (^Hacun^) a powerfull (^Dane^) , who had married the
Daughter of his Sister (^Gunildis^) , having conceav'd some     #
suspition
of his practices against him: but such course was tak'n, 
that he never came back; either perishing at Sea, or slain by
contrivance the next year in (^Orkney^) . (^Canute^) therefore  #
having
thus establish't himself by bloodshed and oppression, to
wash away, as he thought, the guilt therof, sailing again into
(^Denmark^) , went thence to (^Rome^) , and offerd there to     #
St. (^Peter^)
great guifts of Gold and Silver, and other pretious things;     #
besides
the usuall tribute of (^Romscot^) , giving great Alms by the
way, both thether and back again, freeing many places of
Custom and Toll with great expence, where strangers were
wont to pay, having vow'd great amendment of life at the
Sepulchre of (^Peter^) and (^Paul^) , and to his whole people   #
in a large
letter writt'n from (^Rome^) yet extant. At his return          #
therfore he
built and dedicated a Church to St. (^Edmund^) at (^Bury^) ,    #
whom
his Ancestors had slain, threw out the secular Preists who had
intruded there, and plac'd Monks in thir stead; then going
into (^Scotland^) , subdu'd and receav'd homage of              #
(^Malcolm^) , and
two other Kings there, (^Melbeath^) , and (^Jermare^) . Three   #
years
after having made (^Swane^) his suppos'd Son by (^Algiva^) of
<P X,279>
(^Northamton^) , Duke (^Alfhelms^) Daughter (for others say the
Son of a Preist whom (^Algiva^) barren had got ready at the     #
time
of her feign'd labour) King of (^Norway^) , and (^Hardecnute^)  #
his
Son by (^Emma^) King of (^Denmark^) , and design'd (^Harold^)   #
his
Son by (^Algiva^) of (^Northamton^) King of (^England^) , dy'd  #
at
(^Shaftsbury^) , and was buried at (^Winchester^) in the old    #
Monastery.
This King, as appears, ended better then he began, for
though he seems to have had no hand in the Death of             #
(^Ironside^) ,
but detested the fact, and bringing the murderers, who came
to him in hope of great reward, forth among his Courtiers, as
it were to receave thanks, after they had op'nly related the
manner of thir killing him, deliver'd them to deserved          #
punishment,
yet he spar'd (^Edric^) whom he knew to be the prime
Authour of that detestable fact; till willing to be rid of him,
grown importune upon the confidence of his merits, and          #
upbraided
by him that he had first relinquisht, then extinguisht
(^Edmund^) for his sake; angry to be so upbraided, therfore     #
said
he with a chang'd countnance, Traytor to God and to me,
thou shalt die; thine own mouth accuses thee to have slain thy
Master my confederate Brother, and the Lords Anointed.
Whereupon although present and privat Execution was in
rage done upon (^Edric^) , yet he himself in cool blood         #
scrupl'd
not to make away the Brother and Childern of (^Edmund^) , who 
had better right to be the Lords Anointed heer then himself.
When he had obtain'd in (^England^) what he desir'd, no wonder
if he sought the love of his conquerd Subjects for the love of
his own quiet, the maintainers of his wealth and state, for his
own profit. For the like reason he is thought to have married
<P X,280>
(^Emma^) , and that (^Richard^) Duke of (^Normandy^) her        #
Brother
might the less care what became of (^Elfred^) and (^Edward^) ,  #
her
Sons by King (^Ethelred^) . He commanded to be observ'd the 
antient (^Saxon^) Laws, call'd afterwards the Laws of           #
(^Edward^)
the Confessor, not that hee made them, but strictly observ'd
them. His Letter from (^Rome^) professes, if he had done aught
amiss in his youth, through negligence or want of due temper,
full resolution with the help of God to make amends, by         #
governing
justly and piously for the future; charges and adjures 
all his Officers and Vicounts, that neither for fear of him, or
favour of any person, or to enrich the King, they suffer        #
injustice
to be done in the land; commands his treasurers to pay
all his Debts ere his return home, which was by (^Denmarke^) ,
to compose matters there; and what his Letter profess'd, he
perform'd all his life after. But it is a fond conceit in many
great ones, and pernicious in the end, to cease from no         #
violence
till they have attain'd the utmost of thir ambitions and        #
desires;
then to think God appeas'd by thir seeking to bribe him
with a share however large of thir ill-gott'n spoils, and then
lastly to grow zealous of doing right, when they have no
longer need to do wrong. Howbeit (^Canute^) was famous 
through (^Europe^) , and much honour'd of (^Conrade^) the       #
Emperour,
then at (^Rome^) , with rich guifts and many grants of what 
he there demanded for the freeing of passages from Toll and
Custome. I must not omit one remarkable action done by him,
as (^Huntingdon^) reports it, with great Scene of circumstance,
and emphatical expression, to shew the small power of Kings
in respect of God; which, unless to Court-Parasites, needed no
<P X,281>
such laborious demonstration. He caus'd his Royal Seat to be
set on the shoar, while the Tide was coming in; and with all
the state that Royalty could put into his countnance, said thus
to the Sea: Thou Sea belongst to me, and the Land wheron I
sit is mine; nor hath any one unpunish't resisted my commands:
I charge thee come no furder upon my Land, neither
presume to wet the Feet of thy Sovran Lord. But the Sea, as
before, came rowling on, and without reverence both wet and
dash'd him. Whereat the King quickly riseing, wish'd all
about him to behold and consider the weak and frivolous
power of a King, and that none indeed deserv'd the name of a
King, but he whose Eternal Laws both Heav'n, Earth, and
Sea obey. A truth so evident of it self, as I said before, that
unless to shame his Court Flatterers who would not else be
convinc't, (^Canute^) needed not to have gone wet-shod home:
The best is, from that time forth he never would wear a
Crown, esteeming Earthly Royalty contemptible and vain.



<B CETRAV3A>
<Q E3 NN TRAV FIENNES>
<N GREAT JOURNEY>
<A FIENNES CELIA>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FIENNES, CELIA.
THE JOURNEYS OF CELIA FIENNES.
ED. C. MORRIS.
LONDON: THE CRESSET PRESS, 1947.
PP. 141.1 - 154.29^]

<P 141>
[} [\PART III\] }]

[}"MY GREAT JOURNEY TO NEWCASTLE AND
TO CORNWALL" (1698)}]

[}1. FROM LONDON THROUGH EAST ANGLIA
TO ELY}]

   My Great Journey to Newcastle and to Cornwall, the account
of many journeys into most parts of England what
observation and distance of one place to another in my
travels.
   From London to Albins [\Albyns\] in Essex 17 mile, Sir
Robert Abdys, whose house stands very pleasantly in a
park full of deer; the house on an advanced ground appeares
to view at the entrance, but its old building large roomes,
some rows of trees lead up to it; thence I return'd home 17 
mile more; from London to Bednal-green [\Bethnal Green\]
twice and back again 16 mile, from London to Highgate
4 miles to Mr. Thomas's house, where is a most exact
garden, with all sorts of greens and flowers and fishponds
its all but little; there my Nephew Fiennes Harrison with
Mr. Showers went to fish with me, thence we went to Hampstead
so made it 5 mile home againe; I went from London
<P 142>
twice and back againe from Kensingston, in all 8 mile - this
I put in only to know the number of miles that I went in one
yeare.
   From London to Amwell bery [\Amwell Bury\] which is in
Hartfordshire 19 mile, where I staid a day or two, thence to
Bishopstafford [\Bishops Stortford\] in Essex 13 mile, thence   #
to
Dunmew [\Dunmow\] 8 long miles thro' severall little villages,
its very deep way especially after raines; this is a little     #
Market
town, they are altogether taken up about the spinning and
prepareing for the Bayes [\baize\] : all along between that and
Colchester you pass but halfe a mile ere one comes to two
or 3 houses all along the road, its from Dunmow to Collchester 
22 miles, and mostly clay deep way.
   Colchester is a large town in the compass of ground,
formerly there was 16 Churches tho' now much of it is
ruinated; a mile before you come to the new town one enters
a little village which still is in the limits of the Citty and
Majors [\Mayor's\] jurisdiction, there is a pretty good house
of the Lord Lucas: you enter the town by a gate there are
4 in all, there is a large streete which runs a great length
down to the bridge near a mile long, about the middle of it
runs another broad streete and near its length, in which is
the Market Cross and Town Hall and a long building like
stalls on purpose to lay their Bayes [\baize\] when exposed to 
saile, great quantetyes are made here and sent in Bales to
London that is 44 miles distant, the whole town is employ'd
in spinning weaveing washing drying and dressing their
Bayes, in which they seeme very industrious; there I saw the
Card they use to comb and dress the Bayes, which they call
them testles [\teasels\] which are a kind of rush tops or
something like them which they put in frames or laths of
wood; the town looks like a thriveing place by the substantiall
houses, well pitched streetes which are broad enough
for two Coaches to go a breast, besides a pitch'd walke on
either side by the houses, secured by stumps of wood and is
<P 143>
convenient for 3 to walke together; their buildings are of
timber of loame and lathes and much tileing, the fashion of
the Country runs much in long roofes and great cantilivers
and peakes; out of these great streetes runs many little        #
streetes
but not very narrow, mostly old buildings except a few
houses builded by some Quakers that are brick and of the
London mode; the town did extend it self to the sea but now
its ruines sets it 3 mile off; the low grounds all about the
town are used for the whitening their Bayes for which this 
town is remarkable, and also for exceeding good oysters,
but its a dear place and to grattifye my curiosity to eate them
on the place I paid dear; its a town full of Dessenters 2
meeteings very full besides Anabaptists and Quakers, formerly
the famous Mr. Stockton was minister there till he dyed.
   From Colchester to Ipswitch is 18 mile and thence to
Dedom [\Dedham\] 9 miles, the way pretty good except 4 or
5 miles they call the Severalls, a sort of deep moore ground
and woody; at this place I passed over a wooden bridge
pretty large with timber railes of which make they build
their bridges in these parts; and now I go into Suffolk which
is not so rich land as that part of Essex I passed through
which was meadows and grounds with great burdens of
grass and corn.
   So I went to Ipswitch 9 mile more, this is a very clean town
and much bigger than Colchester is now, Ipswitch has 12
Churches, their streetes of a good size well pitch'd with small
stones, a good Market Cross railed in, I was there on Satturday
which is their market day and saw they sold their butter
by the pinte, 20 ounces for 6 pence, and often for 5d. or 4d.
they make it up in a mold just in the shape of a pinte pot and
so sell it; their Market Cross has good carving, the figure of
Justice carv'd and gilt, there is but 3 or 4 good houses in
the town, the rest is much like the Colchester buildings but
it seems more shatter'd and indeed the town looks a little
disregarded, and by enquiry found it to be thro' pride and
sloth, for tro' the sea would bear a ship of 300 tun up quite
<P 144>
to the key and the ships of the first rate can ride within two
mile of the town, yet they make no advantage thereof by any
sort of manufacture, which they might do as well as Colchester
and Norwitch, so that the shipps that brings their
coales goes light away; neither do they adress themselves to
victual or provide for shipps, they have a little dock where
formerly they built ships of 2 or 300 tun but now little or
nothing is minded save a little fishing for the supply of the
town.
   There is one pretty good house [\Christ Church Manor\] of
the Earle of Herriford [\Hereford\] that marry'd one of Mr.
Norborns Daughters that was killed by Sir Thomas Montgomery;
you enter thro' two Courts walled and divided by
a breast wall on which are iron spikes pallasadoes, the middle
is a broad gravell walke fenced in with stone balls on each
side, 3 or 4 steps up into the other Court, and so many steps
more thro' an arch into a third Court, this arch joyns a low
building which are the offices and leaded on the top and
rail'd round, and each end enters into chambers joyning to
the house that is built round this last Court, from whence
you enter the porch; the house is handsome all brick worke
and brick pillars, a good hall parlour and drawing roome
and large closet, 2 or 3 other roomes left answereing it and a
Billyard Roome above with as many roomes of State all
furnish'd with good old things; a pretty staircase but its all
little; there are 3 gardens on the one side with grass and
gravell walks all kept neate and good fruite; on the other
side is one large garden with a sum~er house in which stands
a large statue, black of a gigantick form and proportion, this
answeres the fine green house on the other side; this town
has many Dessenters in it.
   Thence I went to Woodbridge 7 mile, mostly lanes enclosed
countrys; this is a little Market town but has a great
meeting for the Dessenters; thence to Wickham 5 mile more
- but these are all very Long miles.
<P 145>
   Thence to Saxmunday [\Saxmundham\] 8 miles more, this
is a pretty bigg market town, the wayes are pretty deep,
mostly lanes very little commons; I pass'd by severall          #
Gentlemens
seates - one Mr. Dormers which stands in a fine parke
the entrance from the Road thro' rows of trees discovered
the front and building very finely to view, being built with
stone and brick and many sashes lookes like a new house,
with the open iron barr gates between pillars of stone the
breadth of the house; so to Bathfort [\Blyford\] 8 miles where
is the remaines of the walls of an Abby and there is still a
very fine Church, all carv'd in stone hollow work one tire
[\tier\] above another to the tower that ascends not very high
but finely carv'd also; hence I descended into lower grounds
banck'd on each side with a brick wall but low, and so a walk
on it for foote people and severall arches here and there to
draine off the water, so that those bancks are to secure the
Road from the marshy fenny water that oft a great extent on
both sides is subject to; thence I passed by some woods and
little villages of a few scattered houses, and generally the
people here are able to give so bad a direction that passengers
are at a loss what aime to take, they know scarce 3 mile from
their home, and meete them where you will, enquire how
farre to such a place, they mind not where they are then but
tell you so farre which is the distance from their own houses
to that place; I saw at a distance as I descended some of their
hills a large place that look'd nobly and stood very high like
a large town; they told me it was called either Stowle          #
[\Southwold\]
or Nole I cannot tell which.
   I rode in sight of St. Georges Channell in the way from
Colchester and Ipswitch and so to Norwich, sometymes it
was in view then lost againe; to Beckle [\Beccles\] is 8 mile
more which in all was 36 miles from Ipswitch - but exceeding
long miles - they do own they are 41 measured miles; this
is a little market town but its the third biggest town in the
County of Suffolke, Ipswitch, Berry [\Bury St. Edmunds\] and
this; here was a good big Meeting place at least 400 hearers
and they have a very good Minister one Mr. Killinghall, he
is but a young man but seemed very serious, I was there the
<P 146>
Lords day; Sir Robert Rich is a great supporter of them and
contributed to the building the Meeting place, which is very
neate, he has a good house [\Roos Hall\] at the end of the
town with fine gardens; there are no good buildings the
town being old timber and plaister-work except his and one
or two more, there is a pretty bigg Market Cross and a great
market kept, there is a handsome stone built Church
and a very good publick Minister whose name Armstrong 
he preaches very well; they say notwithstanding the
town is a sad Jacobitish town; this chooses no parliament
men.
   At the towns end one passes over the River Waveny
[\Waveney\] on a wooden bridg railed with timber and so you
enter into Norfolk, its a low flatt ground all here about so
that the least raines they are overflowed by the River and
lye under water, as they did when I was there, so that the
roade lay under water which is very unsafe for strangers to
pass, by reason of the holes and quick sands and loose
bottom; the ordinary people both in Suffolk and Norfolk
knitt much and spin, some with the rock and fusoe as the
French does, others at their wheeles out in the streete and
lanes as one passes; its from this town to Norwitch 12 miles
and its 10 to Yarmouth, where they built some small shipps
and is a harbour for them, and where they victual them,
also Harwitch about 12 or 14 miles also, but the miles are
here as long again as about London, and pretty deep way
especially after raines, these miles are much longer than most
miles in Yorkshire.
   Norwitch opens to view a mile distance by the help of a
hill whereon is a little village, as I observe most of the      #
great
towns and cittys have about them little villages as attendants
or appendix's to them which are a sort of subburbs, there
being stragling houses for the most part all the way between
that and the gates; you pass over a high bridge that leads on
<P 147>
over a high Causey of a pretty length which lookes somewhat
dangerous, being with fenced with trenches from its bancks
pretty deep thats on both sides to secure it from the water,
and these trenches runns in many places round the low
grounds to drain them, which are employ'd to whiten and
bleach their woollen stuff the manufacture of the place; this
long Causey brings you to the large stone bridge over the
river into which those trenches empty themselves.
   Then you proceed to the Citty which is walled round full
of towers, except on the river side which serves for the wall;
they seeme the best in repaire of any walled citty I know,
tho' in some places there are little breaches, but the carving
and battlements and towers looks well; I enter'd the West
gate, there are 12 gates in all and 36 Churches which is to
be seen in a clear day altogether, on the Castle walls I told
30 myself; there they are built all of flints well headed or    #
cut
which makes them look blackish and shineing; the streetes
are all well pitch'd with small stones and very clean and many
very broad streetes; that I entred in first was very broad for
2 Coaches or Carts to pass on either side and in the middle
was a great Well house with a wheele to wind up the water
for the good of the publick; a little farther is a large pond
walled up with brick a mans height with an entrance on one
end, a little farther was a building on which they were at
work design'd for a Water house to supply the town by
pipes into their houses with water, at a little distance was
another such a pond walled in, as I described before; these
things fill up the middle of this spacious streete which is for
use and also ornament, the spaces each side being so broad;
this brings you into a broad space called the Hay market
which is on a hill a very steep descent all well pitch'd as
before, this comes to another space for a market to sell hoggs
in and opens farther into divisions of buildings that begins
severall streetes that runs off good lengths and are of a
tollerable size; one runs along behind, which is all for
stalls for the Country butchers that bring their meate for
the supply of the town, which pay such a rent for them to the
town, on the other side are houses of the Town butchers the
<P 148>
Inhabitants, by it is a large market for fish which are all
at a little distance from the heart of the Citty so is not
annoy'd with them, there is a very large Market place and
Hall and Cross for fruite and little things every day, and also
a place under pillars for the Corn market.
   The building round here is esteemed the best and here is
the Town Hall but all their buildings are of an old form,
mostly in deep poynts and much tileing as has been observ'd
before, and their building timber and they playster on laths
which they strike out into squares like broad free stone on
the outside, which makes their fronts look pretty well, and
some they build high and contract the roofes resembling
the London houses, but none of brick except some few
beyond the river which are built of some of the rich factors
like the London buildings; there is in the middle of the town
the Duke of Norfolks house of brick and stone with severall
towers and turrets and balls that looks well, with large        #
gardens
but the inside is all demolish'd, only the walls stand
and a few roomes for offices, but nothing of state or           #
tollerable 
for use.
   On the Castle hill you see the whole Citty at once, being
built round it, its a vast place and takes up a large tract of
ground its 6 miles in compass; here is the County hall and
Goale where the asizes are held and the sessions; nothing of
the Castle remaines but a green space and under it is also a
large space for the beast market and 3 tymes in the year is
there very great faires kept, to which resort a vaste concourse
of people and wares a full trade; the whole Citty lookes like
what it is, a rich thriveing industrious place; Satturday is    #
their
great market day; they have beside the Town hall a hall         #
distinct 
which is the Sealeing hall where their stuffs are all
measured, and if they hold their breadth and lengths they
are sealed, but if they are deffective there is a fine layd on  #
the
owner and a private marke on the stuff which shews its
defficiency.
<P 149>
   Here was also the Mint which they coyn'd at, but since
the old money is all new coyn'd into mill'd money, that
ceases: here there is a fine large Cathedrall and very lofty    #
but
nothing remarkable of monuments or else; by it is 3 Hospitalls
for boys girls and old people who spinn yarne, as
does all the town besides for the Crapes Callimanco [\Calico\]
and Damaskes which is the whole business of the place;
indeed they are arrived to a great perfection in their worke so
fine and thinn and glossy their pieces are 27 yards in length
and their price is from 30 shillings to 3 pound as they are in
fineness; a man can weave 13 yards a day, I saw some weaveing;
they are all employ'd in spinning knitting weaveing
drying scouring fulling or bleaching their stuffs; their        #
hospitalls 
are well provided for there are 32 women in one as
many men in the other, there is also a good free schoole;
there is a great many Cerimonyes in the choice and swearing
their major [\mayor\] they elect him the first of May and then
prepare for his being sworne on Holly [\Holy\] Thursday;
they new washe and plaister their houses within and without
which they strike out in squares like free stone; all the       #
streete
in which this major elects house is very exact in beautifying
themselves and hanging up flaggs the coullours of their
Companyes and dress up pageants and there are playes and
all sorts of shows that day, in little what is done at the Lord
Major of London show; then they have a great feast with
fine flaggs and scenes hung out, musick and danceing; I was
in the hall they keep their feast in and saw some of their
preparations for that day being about a fortnight to it.
   The town is a mile and a halfe from the North to the South
gate, just by one of the Churches there is a wall made of
flints that are headed very finely and cut so exactly square
and even, to shutt in one to another, that the whole wall is
made without cement at all they say, but it appears to be very
little if any morter, it looks well very smooth shineing and
black; a great many Descenters are in this Citty; the
Gentlewoman that was my acquaintance there dyed 10
dayes before I came thither so I made no great stay there but
<P 150>
to see about the town; there are besides severall common
cunduits.
   Thence I went to Windham [\Wymondham\] a little market
town 5 miles, mostly on a Causey the country being low and
moorish and the road on the Causey was in many places full
of holes, tho' its secured by a barr at which passengers pay
a penny a horse in order to the mending the way, for all about
is not to be rode on unless its a very dry summer; thence we
went mostly through lanes where you meete the ordinary
people knitting 4 or 5 in company under the hedges; to
Attleborough 5 mile more which is such another little market
town, then over an open down like Salisbery Plaine 4 mile
more to a little village, still finding the country full of     #
spinners
and knitters; thence to Thetford 6 miles more, which
was formerly a large place but now much decay'd and the
ruines only shews its dimentions; there is a very high hill
quite round stands up on one side of it and can scarcely be
ascended so steepe; here I lay which is still in Norfolk.
   Next day I went to Euston Hall which was the Lord
Arlingtons and by his only daughters marriage with the
Duke of Grafton is his sons by her, its two mile from Thetford;
it stands in a large parke 6 miles about, the house is a
Roman H of brick, 4 towers with balls on them, the windows
are low and not sarshes else the roomes are of a good size
and height; a good staircase full of good pictures, a long
gallery hung with pictures at length - on the one side the
Royal family from K. Henry the 7th by the Scottish race his
eldest daughter down to the present King William and his
Queen Mary, the other side are forreign princes from the
Emperour of Moroccoe the Northern and Southern princes
and Emperour of Germany; there is a square in the middle
where stands a billiard table hung with outlandish pictures
of Heroes, there is Count Egminton Horn [\Counts Egmont
and Hoorn\] etc., at the end of the roome is the Duke and
Dutchess of Graftons pictures at length also; thence I enterd
into dineing and drawing roome and bed chambers of a
very good size and good fretwork on the cieling, in one of
the roomes was the Dutchess of Cleavelands picture in a
<P 151>
Sultaness dress - the Duke of Grafton being King Charles
the Seconds base son by her - there was also another picture
of the Royal family King Charles the Firsts 5 Children          #
altogether,
I have often seen 3 which was King Charles the
Second King James and the Princess of Orange, but here
was also the Lady Elizabeth and the Duke of Glocester a
little Infant on a pillow; in another place there is the Queen
Mothers picture and Lady Heneretta drawn large; there
is a fine hall and parlour below pav'd with free stone, there
are good gardens with fountaines and some stone statues,
a Cannall by the side, a large Court at the entrance with 3
iron barr gates which open to the front divided with stone
pillars and balls; the Court without is walled round and the
wall is carry'd a great length round the back yards, within
this is another Court with iron spike pallasadoes divided
every 2 or 3 yards by little stone pillars with balls; there    #
are
severall rows of trees runs of a great length thro' the parke   #
a 
visto to the front of the house, which lookes nobly tho' not
just of the new modell'd way of building; at the back gate I
crossed over the river Waveny which is the division of the
two County's and enter'd Suffolk, and pass'd over perfect
downs champion country just like Salisbery Plaine, and the
winds have a pretty power here and blows strongly in the
winter not well to be endured.
   So to St. Edmunds-bury [\Bury St. Edmunds\] 8 mile - but
as has been often observ'd before the miles are very long - I
pass'd by two or 3 little villages and about 2 mile off there   #
is
the town of St. Edmunds Bury which appeares standing on a
great hill; the towers and buildings look so compact and well
together with the trees and gardens thick about it the prospect
was wonderfully pleasant; a mile off by a little village I
descended a hill which made the prospect of the town still
in view and much to advantage; its but two parishes; the
Market Cross has a dyal and lanthorn on the top, and there
being another house pretty close to it high built with such a
tower and lanthorn also, with the two churches towers and
some other buildings pretty good made it appear nobly at a
<P 152>
distance; this high house is an apothecarys, at least 60
stepps up from the ground and gives a pleaseing prospect
of the whole town, that is compact severall streetes but no
good buildings; except this the rest are great old houses of
timber and mostly in the old forme of the country which are
long peaked roofes of tileing; this house is the new mode of
building, 4 roomes of a floore pretty sizeable and high, well
furnish'd, a drawing roome and chamber full of China and
a Damaske bed embroyder'd, 2 other roomes, Camlet and
Mohaire beds, a pretty deale of plaite in his wives chamber,
parlours below and a large shop; he is esteem'd a very rich
man; he shewed me a Curiosity of an Herball all written out
with every sort of tree and herb dryed and cut out and pasted
on the leaves - it was a Doctor of Physicks work that left
it him as Legacy at his death, it was a fine thing and would
have delighted me severall dayes but I was passant; there
was two streets were broad and very long out of which run
a cross 5 or 6 streetes more, which are as good as in most
country towns, they were well pitch'd with small stones; 
there are many Descenters in the town 4 Meeting places
with the Quakers and Anabaptists, there is only the ruines
of the Abby walls and the fine gate at the entrance that        #
remaines
stone well carv'd; it seemes to be a thriveing industrious 
town 4 gates in it.
   There are a great deale of Gentry which lives in town
tho' there are no good houses but what are old rambling
ones, there are in that they call the Green, a space by the
Churches [\St. Mary's and St. James'\] which are pretty near
together, they are pretty large but nothing curious in them,
stone buildings no monuments worth notice; they keep them
very clean and neate and have a moveable scaffold to clean
the roofe and windows and walls; its a very dear place so
much Company living in the town makes provision scarce
and dear, however its a good excuse to raise the reckoning
on strangers.
<P 153>
   Thence I went to Admiral Russells who is now Lord Orford,
a long 10 mile and loseing my way made it 12 mile,
its pretty good way; I passed by a village or two and in a
mile of Lord Orffords house [\Chippenham Park\] I enter
Cambridgeshire; it stands 3 mile from New Market you ride
in sight of New Market Heath where the races are, its good
road; here are severall good gardens well kept good gravell
and green walks with fine greens and flowers walled in and
all the outhouses very handsome; a coach yard and stables
in the middle of which is large gate into the ground and
built over with a high lanthorn where hangs the clock and
bell, this stands higher than the house like a tower, the house
being a flat roofe leaded and railed round full of chimneys,
but this tower I saw 10 mile off; all the out offices built     #
round
a court very handsome; the hall is very noble paved with
freestone a squaire of black marble at each corner of the
freestone; there are two fine white marble tables veined with
blew, its wanscoated with Wallnut tree the pannells and
rims round with Mulbery tree that is a lemon coullour and
the moldings beyond it round are of a sweete outlandish
wood not much differing from Cedar but of a finer graine,
the chaires are all the same; its hung with pictures att full
proportion of the Royal family; all in their coronation robes
from Charles the First to his Majesty with the Queen also,
and at the end is Prince George and Princess Ann, in their
robes of crimson velvet and Dukel coronet as Duke and
Dutchess of Cumberland; the whole house is finely furnish'd
with differing coulloured damask and velvets some figured
and others plaine, at least 6 or 7 in all richly made up after
a new mode; in the best drawing roome was a very rich
hanging gold and silver and a little scarlet, mostly tissue and
brocade of gold and silver and border of green damaske
round it; the window curtain the same green damaske and
doore curtaines; there was no looking-glass but on the
<P 154>
chimney-piece and just opposite in the place a looking glass
used to be was 4 pannells of glass in length and 3 in breadth
set together in the wanscoate; the same was in another drawing 
roome which was for my Lord; the dineing roome had
this looking glass on the two peers between the three windows
it was from the top to the bottom 2 pannells in breadth
and 7 in length, so it shews one from top to toe; the roomes
were all well wanscoated and hung and there was the finest
carv'd wood in fruitages herbages gemms beasts fowles, etc.,
very thinn and fine all in white wood without paint or varnish,
the severall sorts of things thus carv'd were exceeding
naturall all round; the chimney pieces and the sconces stand
on each side the chimneys and the the glasses in those chambers
where were loose looking-glasses, which were with fine
carv'd head and frames some of the naturall wood others
gilt, but they were the largest looking-glasses I ever saw;
there was a great flower pott gilt each side the chimney in
the dineing roome for to sett trees in; the great curiosity
of this wood carving about the doores chimneys and sconces
together with the great looking glass pannells is much talked
off and is the finest and most in quantety and numbers thats
to be seen any where; there is very fine China and silver       #
things
andirons and jarrs and perfume pots of silver; the common
roomes are all new convenient and neate with double doores
lined to prevent noises; the staircase is wanscoated, very
noble fine pictures, there is the battle at La Hogue a large    #
sea
piece with an inscription of the Admiralls valour when the
great ship the Gunn was burnt, mightily valued by the French
King. 



<B CETRAV3B>
<Q E3 NN TRAV FRYER>
<N ACCOUNT EAST-INDIA>
<A FRYER JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T TRAVELOGUE>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FRYER, JOHN.
A NEW ACCOUNT OF EAST INDIA AND PERSIA,
BEING NINE YEARS' TRAVELS, 1672-1681.
VOLS. I, II.
ED. W. CROOKE.
LONDON: THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY, 1909, 1912. 
I,  PP. 182.21 - 193.24  (SAMPLE 1)
II, PP. 177.16 - 188.9   (SAMPLE 2)^]

[^THE PLACE NAME RENDERED AS Bacein IS TYPED WITH
c CEDILLA IN THE EDITION^]
<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,182>
[}CHAP. II.
IS A SURVEY OF THE ISLAND OF CANOREIN NEAR BOMBAIM.}]

   Upon these scores it was not long before I was employed
to wait on the Father Superior of the (^North^) , a Learned
Man, and a (^Spaniard^) by Nation, of the Order of the
Jesuits.
   The President commanded his own  (^Baloon^) (a Barge of
<P I,183>
State, of Two and twenty Oars) to attend me and one
of the Council, to compliment the Father on the Island of
(^Canorein^) , parted from (^Bombaim^) by a Stream half a Mile
broad: Near our Landing-place stood a College, not
inferior to the Building, nor much unlike those of our
Universities, belonging to the Jesuits here, more commonly
callen (^Paulistines^) (whose Visitor was now my Patient),
who live here very sumptuously, the greatest part of the
Island being theirs. Our Entertainment was truly Noble,
and becoming the Gravity of the Society. After I had
done my Duty, the Fathers accompanied us to the Barge;
afore the College-Gate stood a large Cross, thwack'd full of
young Blacks singing Vespers: The Town is large, the
Houses tiled; it is called (^Bandora^) .
   At our department they gave us Seven Guns, which
they have planted on the Front of their College for
their own Defence, besides they are fitted with good store
of Small Arms: Following therein the Advice given by
a Statesman to the King of (^Spain^) , about the                #
(^Netherlands^) ;
That (^if the Society of the^) Loyolists (^were multiplied,     #
their
Convents might serve for Castles^) .
<P I,184>
   In the middle of the River we had a pleasant Prospect
on both sides; on (^Bandora^) side, the College, the Town,
the Church of St. (^Andrew^) a Mile beyond, and upon the
Hill that pointed to the Sea, the (^Aquada^) , Blockhouse,
and a Church; on the other side, the Church of (^Maijm^) ,
with other handsome Buildings.
   Curiosity led me a second time to visit the Island
(^Canorein^) , having obtained leave for a longer Stay: nor
went I alone, some of the best Quality on the Island being
led by the same desire, joining themselves with me: We
carried a Train of Servants, Horses, and (^Palenkeens^) , which
were ferried over before us; and we coming soon after,
were met by the Fraternity, and conducted to the Fathers,
who detained us till Afternoon by a stately Banquet,
shewing us the Civility of the Church and College,
diverting us both with Instrumental and Vocal Musick,
and very good Wine.
   After which we were dismiss'd and four Mile off
(^Bandora^) were stopp'd by the Kindness of the (^Padre^)       #
-Superior, 
whose Mandate whereever we came caused them
to send his (^Recarders^) (a Term of Congratulation, as we
say, (^Our Service^) ) with the Presents of the best Fruits
and Wines, and whatever we wanted.
<P I,185>
   Here, not adjoining to any Town, in a sweet Air, stood
a Magnificent Rural Church; in the way to which, and
indeed all up and down this Island, are pleasant (^Aldeas^) ,
or Country Seats of the Gentry; where they live like
Petty-Monarchs, all that is born on the Ground being
theirs, holding them in a perfect state Villainage, they
being Lords Paramount.
   From hence, when we had baited, the same Night we
travelled easily to (^Magatana^) , using our Fowling-Pieces
all the way, being here presented with Rich Game, as
Peacocks, Doves, and Pigeons, (^Chitrels^) , or Spotted Deer.
   When we came to the Town, two several Churches
strove to receive us; but having some Acquaintance with
the Father of the one, and not with the other, we excused
ourselves to the latter, and took up with our Friend. As
soon as we came in, the Servitors fetch'd us warm Water
to wash our Feet, which was very refreshing; it put
me in mind of (^Lot's^) Courtesy to the Angels. After this,
as a piece of extraordinary Civility, they showed us the
Necessary House; and it is so in a Countrey where Fluxes
are so common; and for that reason it is kept as neat
as their Lodging Rooms, having Water to Wash after
you have used a clean Towel hung there for that Purpose.    
   This Night we fared very well. Next Morn before
Break of Day we directed our Steps to the anciently
fam'd, but now ruin'd City of (^Canorein^) ; the way to it
<P I,186>
is so delightsome, I thought I had been in (^England^) ; fine
Arable, Pasture, and Coppices; thus we passed Five Mile
to the Foot of the Hill on which the City stands, and
had passed half a Mile through a thick Wood, peopled
by Apes, Tygers, wild Buffolo's, and Jackalls; here were
some Flocks of Parockets: When we alighted, the Sun
began to mount the (^Horizon^) over the Hills, and under
our Feet, as if he had newly bathed his fiery Coursers,
there appeared the Mouth of a (^Tank^) , or Aqueduct, out of
a Rock, whose steaming Breath was very hot, but water
cold: From hence it is thought the whole City to be
supplied with Water; for as we ascend, we find such
Places, where convenient, filled with Limpid Water, not
over-matched in (^India^) : If it be so, (as I know not how
to contradict it) that it should have its Current upwards
through the hard Rocks artificially cut, the World cannot
parallel so wonderful a Water-course!
   From hence the Passage is uneasy and inaccessible for
more than two abreast, till we come to the City, all cut
out of a Rock; where it is presented (^Vulcan's^) Forge,        #
supported
by two mighty Colosses, bellied in the middle
with two Globes. Next a Temple with a beautiful
Frontispiece not unlike the (^Portuco^) of St. (^Paul's^)       #
(^West
Gate^) : Within the Porch on each side stand two Monstrous
Giants, where two Lesser and one Great Gate give 
a noble Entrance; it can receive no Light but at the Doors
and Windows of the Porch, whereby it looks more
solemnly; the Roof is Arched, seeming to be born up by
huge Pillars of the same Rock, some Round, some Square,
34 in number. The (^Cornish^) Work of Elephants, Horses,
Lions; at the upper end it rounds like a Bow; near where
stands a great Offertory somewhat Oval, the Body of it
<P I,187>
without Pillars, they only making a narrow Piatzo about,
leaving the Nave open: It may be an 100 Feet in Length,
in Height 60 feet or more.
   Beyond this, by the same Mole-like Industry, was
worked out a Court of Judicature (as those going to
shew it will needs give Names) or Place of Audience,
50 Feet square, all bestuck with Imagery, well Engraven
according to old Sculpture. On the Side, over against
the Door, sate one Superintendent, to whom the (^Brachmin^)
went with us, paid great Reverence, not speaking of him
without a token of worship; whom we called (^Jougy^) , or
the Holy Man; under this the way being made into
handsome Marble Steps, are the King's Stables, not
different from the Fashion of our Noblemens Stables, only
at the head of every Stall seems to be a (^Dormitory^) , or
Place for Devotion, with Images, which gave occasion to
doubt if ever for that End; or rather made for an Heathen
Seminary of Devotes, and these their Cells or Chappels,
and the open Place their Common Hall or School: More
aloft stood the King's Palace, large, stately and magnificent,
surrounded with lesser of the Nobility.
   To see all, would require a Month's time; but that
we might see as much as could be in our allotted time,
we got upon the highest part of the Mountain, where
we feasted our Eyes with unnumerable Entrances of these
Cony-burrows, but could not see one quarter part. Whose
Labour this should be, or for what purpose, is out of
memory; but this Place by the (^Gentiles^) is much adored:
Some contend for (^Alexander^) , and as a proof, think they
have said enough, when it is received by Tradition, that
<P I,188>
a great Gap out of a Solid Rock was cut by him to
make this an Island: But this is contradictory to the
Story delivered of (^Alexander^) , That he sailed up            #
(^Indus^) ,
and encountred (^King Porus^) , of whom some little Remains   
may be collected, they speaking of that King by the Name
of (^Por^) in (^Cambaia^) , where (^Alexander^) landed with     #
his Army;
and followed the Course of (^Indus^) , directly contrary to     #
this
Place, that lying (^North-East^) , this (^South^) from thence;  #
nor
do we read his stay in (^India^) was so long, to atchieve
such Acts as these, this Place being not the only Instance
of this nature; but more probable to be an Heathen (^Fane^) ,
or Idolatrous Pagod, from the Superstitious Opinion they
still hold of its Sacredness: Wherefore the (^Portugals^) , who
are now Masters of it, strive to erace the remainders of
this (^Herculean^) Work, that it may sink into the oblivion of
its Founders.
   Returning to (^Magatana^) , we spent some days in riding
about the Country, which we found every-where provided
with Churches.
   The Chief City of this Island is (^Tanaw^) : In which
are Seven Churches and Colleges, the chiefest one of the
(^Paulistines^) ; the Houses Tiled, but low: Here are made
good Stuffs of Silk and Cotton.
   There is another great Town called (^Mein^) , where is a
<P I,189>
Castle and some Soldiers, towards the Sea; over against
(^Bacein^) there is another Fort and (^Aquada^) .
   The (^Portugals^) suffer none but Christians here: It has
no Rivers, but only Inlets of the Sea; but good Springs
from the Rocks; the Ground excellently fertile, either
of it self, or by the care of the Inhabitants; that it
yields as good Cabbages, Coleworts, and better Rhadishes
than ever I yet saw: Besides Garden-Fruit, here are
incomparable Water-Melons, and Onions as sweet, and as
well tasted as an Apple; and for the natural growth of the
Soil, it is known not only to supply the adjoining Islands,
but (^Goa^) also. It is more than 20 Miles in Length, and
70 in Circumference.

[}CHAP. III.
A VISIT TO BACEIN, A PORTUGAL CITY IN INDIA; OUR RETURN BY      #
ELEPHANTO,
AND THE PUTACHOS, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE ISLAND BOMBAIM.}]

   The several (^Capitaneos^) of the (^Portugals^) are          #
(^Triennial^) ,
which are the Alternate Governments entailed on the
Families of the Conquerors, and therefore made Circular;
every one in his course having his turn to rule in some
Place or other for Three Years, and upon these they can
borrow or take up Mony as certain as upon their Hereditary 
<P I,190>
Estates the next Incumbent being Security for the
payment: Pursuant to this, a new Governour coming to
(^Choul^) , his Honour the President sent to congratulate him;
and the Admiral of the (^North^) coming to (^Bacein^) ,         #
another
was sent on the same Message.
   Nor could the hot Months be over, before (^John de
Mendos^) , of a Noble Family, sent for me to (^Bacein^) for
the cure of his only Daughter, illustriously born, handsome,
and on the point of Marriage with the Admiral of the
(^North^) , though not full Twelve years old.
   Leaving (^Bombaim^) , at this time of the year, we could go
either within or without; but the first being related to
be pleasantest I chose that way; sailing by (^Trumbay^) ,
where we receive Custom, we might see a comely Church
and (^Aldea^) : At Noon we reached (^Tanaw^) : Having gained
our Passage over the Flats, we made no stay, but rowed
streight to (^Bacein^) ; every half Mile we were presented
with fresh Prospects of delicate Country-Mansions; two
of which of special note draw the Eyes of the Beholders;
one of (^John de Melos^) , three Mile off (^Tanaw^) , it        #
standing
high, curiously built, has a Terras Descent with Walks
and Gardens half a Mile, till it lead to a spacious             #
Banquetting-house 
over the Water, with Stone-stairs for
Landing: Beyond it a Mile, on the side of an Hill, stands
(^Grebondel^) , a large neat built Town of (^Martin 
Alphonso's^) ;
<P I,191>
and at top of all, His House, Fort and Church, of as stately
Architecture as (^India^) can afford; he being the Richest
Don on this side (^Goa^) . Here we are Land-locked by the
Gut, which is fabled to be made by (^Alexander^) ; from
which we have an open passage to (^Bacein^) , it lying bare
towards the Sea.

[}BACEIN.}]

   Is incircled with a round Stone-wall, and has a Gate for
every Wind; it is strong enough against the (^Indians^) , but
not able to endure an (^European^) Foe: There are upon
the Out-walls, and in the Fort, Forty two great Guns; the
Fort in the middle of the City is circular; towards the
Market appears a State-house Piatzed, where the Governour
convocates the (^Fidalgos^) every Morning upon consultation,
in which they all stand, a Chair not being permitted
the Governour, though Gouty: Towards Evening they
meet there to Game.
<P I,192>
   Within the Walls are six Churches, four Convents, two
Colleges, one of the (^Jesuits^) , another of the               #
(^Franciscans^) .
It bears the Name of an Academy; the Students are
instructed in the (^Jesuits^) College, but live in Town: Where
is a Library, with Classes of Historians, Moralists,            #
Expositors,
and no more. It is a College of Polite Structure,
in the (^Portuco^) is a Copy of (^Angelos^) , representing the
Resurrection; above Stairs, as well as below, are fine
square Cloisters, as all their Collegiate Churches have
on the sides whereof are their Cells; they have a spacious
Refectory, and a goodly Church; three parts of the City
is devoted to their use.
   The (^Fidalgos^) (for few Artisans are tolerated within the
Walls) have stately Dwellings, graced with covered Balconies,
and large Windows two Stories high, with Panes
of Oister shell, which is their usual Glazing among them
in (^India^) , or else Latised. They shew their Greatness
by their number of (^Sumbreeroes^) and (^Cofferies^) , whereby
it is dangerous to walk late for fear of falling into
the Hands of those Pilfering Abusive Rascals. None but
Christians lodge within the City, the (^Banyans^) repairing
to the Suburbs upon (^Tattoo^) . The City is a Mile and
half round; it stands on an Island, separated by a small
Channel from the Main, as far off the Island (^Canorein^) , as
(^Canorein^) from (^Bombaim^) , and parted after the like       #
nature.
   The Land about is plain, and fruitful of Sugar-Canes,
Rice, and other Grain; a great part of which has lately
been destroyed by the (^Arabs^) of (^Muschat^) , who put them   #
to
a sore fright in (^Bacein^) : and this is done often, setting   #
fire
to their Villages, and carrying away their (^Fidalgos^)
Prisoners, together with their Wives and Families, butchering
<P I,193>
the (^Padres^) , and robbing the Churches without resistance,
conceived on a deadly Feud, partly out of revenge 
of the (^Portugal^) Cruelties at (^Muschat^) ; but chiefly out  #
of
detestation of each other's Religion; insomuch that Quarter
is denied on either side: But that on this Pretence. The
(^Portugals^) striving to possess themselves of (^Muschat^) ,   #
were
put to such stress, that had not their (^Armado^) come to
their relief, they must have desisted their Enterprize:
Upon the arrival whereof the new Recruits gained so
much on the (^Arab^) Governour, that he yielded up the
otherwise invincible Fort of (^Muschat^) ; where the            #
(^Portugals^)
acting all nefarious Outrages, contrary to their Promise,
the (^Arabs^) re-armed themselves with Courage and fresh
Succors, and at length beat them from hence to (^Ormus^) in
the Gulf of (^Persia^) ; from whence also they were routed by
the help of the (^English^) (we then being at war with them);
the first blow to their Greatness in these Parts.
   To check these Incursions of the (^Arabs^) , the             #
(^Portugals^)
every Year are at the charge of a lusty Squadron in these
Seas, which were those we met on the Coast returning
from thence; who were no sooner gone, than the (^Arabs^)
sent their Fleet to do this Mischief here; which now 'tis
done, they are again in quest of them, but they fly as often
as these pursue. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P II,177>
[}CHAP. II.
OUR SETTING FORTH FROM GOMBROON, AND LEAVING LHOR.}]

   At last the Heavens drop Fatness, and the Showers
refresh the Earth, and fill the Tanks with purer
Water, washing away the old Filth and Nastiness contracted
by the former indispositions of the Seasons.
   And now we having this Opportunity, set forward
towards the Evening of the 28=th= of (^June^) , the Ships in    #
the
Road Saluting us, and the Merchants, both (^French^) and
(^Dutch^) , Conducting us onward of our Way, with Pomp and
Ceremony, till we came to the Garden out of the City,
where we entertained them with a Sumptuous Treat, and
took our Leaves; they returning to (^Gombroon^) , and we
going on Three (^Pharsangs^) that Night to (^Band Ally^) ,
<P II,178>
Inhabited only by Poor People, in pitiful Cabbins covered
with the Palm-Tree Boughs, by the Sea-side, expecting
Profit, as well by Strangers as by Fishery; these Houses
are placed on Wheels, to draw up and down at their
Pleasure.
   (^Band Ally^) is the (^Chast Ally^) , to whom this (^Caravan
Seraw^) is Dedicated, in the same manner as we our
Churches and places Sacred, to our Saints in Commemoration
of them. (^Caravan Seraw^) , signifies no more than an
Inn, (^viz. Ser^) , the Head, (^Raw^) , of the Way.
   For this Journy we have no Wains for our Baggage, or
Chariots for our selves; we Ride on Horseback, and our
Sumpters are Loaded on Mules, Asses, or Camels, which
march toward Evening and Travel till Morning; We go
but slowly by reason of our Beasts of Burthen, though a
greater part of them were dispatched a Month before us by
another Road, less Mountainous, though farther about.
   Coming to our Inns, we have no Host, or Young
Damosels to bid us Welcome, nor other Furniture than
Bare Walls; no rooms Swept, nor Cleanly Entertainment,
Tables neatly Spred, or Maidens to Attend with Voice or
Lute to Exhilarate the Weary Passenger; but instead
of these, Apartments covered with Dung and Filth;
Musick indeed there is of Humming Gnats pricking us to
<P II,179>
keep an unwilling Measure to their Comfort: So that here
is neither Provision for Man or Beast, only an open
House, with no enlivening Glass of Pontack, or Poinant
Cheer to encourage the Badness of the March; but every
Four or Five (^Pharsangs, i.e. Parasangae^) , a (^German^)      #
League,
on the King's High way, a (^Caravan Ser Raw^) , as dirty as
(^Augeus^) his Stable, those before always leaving the next
comer work enough to cleanse where they have been; that
after coming in Tired, they are more intent to spread their
Carpets for Repose, than remove the incrustated Cake
of Sluttery, the constant Nursery of Flies and Beetles,
they often bringing their Horses into the same Bed-Chamber.
   These Houses Built by Charitable Persons, are always
supplied with Tanks and Cisterns, which now run over
since yesterdays Rain, and are commonly very Fine and
Costly; but other Commodities we must bring with us,
otherwise we are likely not only to go to Bed on the bare
Ground, but depart more Hungry than we came thither
(very few Places maintaining Sutlers for Horse-meat, or
Diet for the Wayfaring Man): Therefore when we undertake
this Journy, we carry not only all our Family, but
Housholdstuff too; for which every one has a separate
Allowance for his Servant and his Baggage, and a Butler
in common, who Mounts the (^Trojan^) Horse, supplied with
Bread, Wine, Salt, Cold Meat, Knives and Napkins for the
(^Viaticum^) , in Two Canisters, or Chests hung on each side
one, under whose Belly is girt a (^Metarrah^) , or Goat Skin
full of Wine, and another of Water; a (^Metarrah^) full of the
latter every one ties to his Horses Saddle, in the fashion of
a Leathern Bottel, and a Silver Toss, or Cup, in a Case at
<P II,180>
the Bow of the Saddle: In the middle of the (^Munsel^)
( (^i.e.^) a whole Day's Journy) the Butler alights, and by     #
some
advantageous Brook, or Tank, spreads a Table on the
Ground, while the whole (^Caphala^) refresh: (We generally
make our (^Munsel^) from Four in the Afternoon till before
Four in the Morning) when after a Glass of Wine, and
the Fragments of yesterdays Provisions, we betake our
selves to Rest with much eagerness, if it be possible among
so many strange Customs at first; as Noise of Carriers
Bells, Feeding, Neighing, Breying, and Noise of so many
Creatures, Loading and Unloading, with the Singing,
Chatting, and Din of Servants, Horse-keepers and
Muliteers; but Custom makes all things familiar and easy,
that we generally Repose till Two the next Day; when
our Cook has provided not only our Dinner (which is as
Sumptuous as if at Home, and brought in with the same
Order) but furthermore, our necessary Provant for the
ensuing Day's Journy; and after this manner are we fitted
to measure out our future Hardships.
   Hither the (^Banyans^) , or (^English^) Brokers, Accompanied
us, they taking their Leave for the Port, we keeping on our
Course, Three (^Englishmen^) with our Retinue answerable to
the Quality of each; we had with us Twenty Camels for
Lumber, Fifteen Horses, Three Mules, and Two Asses,
besides Three (^Shotters^) for our Guides, which are the only
<P II,181>
Men here also, who wear Plumes of Feathers in their
Turbats, small Bells about their Wastes, Truncheons in
their Hands, Horse-Cloaths over their Shoulders richly
Embroidered on Scarlet, Packthread Shoes on their Feet,
and close Jerkins with Breeches below their Knees; these
are our Guides, and hold our Horses while we Mount, look
after them and the Equipments, as Bridles and Furniture,
(the most mean of which are Silver) when we alight; and
are not only swift, but lasting Footmen.
   Beginning to set forward, neither Tract nor Road was
followed, all being covered with Sand; but our Guides
steered by their own Experience; this was not so
comfortable, to behold nothing but a Sea of Sand; for now
we began to turn our back upon the Gulf, and steer a more
(^Northern^) Course, from whence to reflect what Sustenance
this barren Earth could produce, that, should our Stores
fail, we might want; yet even for this Jealousy we had not
the least shadow of Reason, for had we been less provided
we might have met with Plenty, every one striving to Vend
us Necessaries, to the no small encrease of my amazement
how they came by them.
   After we had waded through Two (^Pharsangs^) of this
Desolate Way, we began to Clamber up those Hills, which
seem hanging over the Road of (^Gombroon^) , now beating the
Hoof on more solid Rocks: In this Passage we could here
and there descry some Groves of Palms, whose Fruit were
tinctured with a Cherry Red, the constant forerunner
of their full Maturity; at which time they look for the
same Unhealthiness we do in our Autumn; though I find
<P II,182>
them not so superstitiously addicted to Symbols, as the
(^Egyptians^) to their Hieroglyphicks, they express the Year
by this Tree; because this Tree, say they, of all others
alone (which I before noted of the Coco-Nut Tree, and
therefore I think it a kind of Palm) at every appearance
of the New Moon procreates a fresh Branch, by which
Twelve Productions the whole Year is resembled and
compleated; the Trees are Tall and Slender, bearing
their Boughs all atop, like a shady Tuft, some standing
bolt upright, and others spread abroad, with others flagging
and ready to give way to the Birth of more; when they
are Young and in their Infancy, they no sooner sprout up
but the prickly Leafs guard its tender Head, which is of a 
pithy substance, and when Wounded spoils the Trees
Growth, so that it Dies; but while it escapes that danger,
it rises by degrees after the former Order, the under
Branches bowing Archwise to their upstart Youngsters;
the Leafs are set in Rows like Ribs to a great Spine,
arising from a Circular Base, till it end in a sharp Point; 
under these Boughs the mighty Branches hang full of
Dates in Clusters, and which is more than (^say so^) ,

(^The more they'r Burthened better do they Thrive,
Like depress'd Virtue better kept alive.^)

So patient under great Loads of this Fruit, that they seem
to rejoyce with a more chearful Verdure, and unconcerned
reject the withered Boughs, whilst a more lively Product
makes them glad by a new Succession; by which means
it keeps Green the whole Course of the Year.
   Nor when the old ones fall, are these only fit for the
Fire; for they being orderly laid, and finely Gilded or
Painted between the Beams of the same Wood, supply
the Ceilings and other adornments of their best Houses;
<P II,183>
nor are they less serviceable to Thatch their meaner
Cottages: The Trunk being deprived of those Combings,
from the main Head is beheld a flourishing Peruke of
Palms, fit to be worn by the greatest Heroes; from whence
downwards without any Sprouts, it appears all in Coat
of Mail Cap-a-pee, or like a Pine-Apple from its scaly
Structure, caused by the falling of the precedent Branches,
by which compactness it emulates its Conelike Figure.
   Of these Trees there are Male and Female, and which
is worthy our Notice, the Female Palms (which only Bear)
will not Bring forth before they are Impregnated at the
Roots with the Seed of the Male, first pounded into Meal
and sprinkled about them; which how true I dispute not;
but certainly Tradition has confirmed the Practice, and
they are not to be persuaded to neglect the Custom.
   In the midst of this Days (^Munsel^) , among the Mountains
we passed by the Mouth of an horrid Cave; where
they entertain Travellers with Tragick Stories, and a Legend
of Fables, as that it is the Road to Hell; for, say they,
whoever Enters never Returns; as if thence had arose the
Proverb, (^No Redemption from the Shades^) ; or that of the 
Poet,

(\--- Facilis descensus Averni;
Sed revocare gradus, hic labor, hoc opus est.\)

Easy the Descent's to Hell, but back again
Our steps to call, this is the Work, the Pain.
<P II,184>
But it stuck not on my Fancy, who had been informed
of Pleasanter Stages on that Journy, and an higher way to
more open Doors.

(\--- Patet Atri janua Ditis.\)

Hell Gate wide open stands.

But it may more probably be an Invention to fright Passengers
into the right Way, and that they should avoid, by
so sad and terrible a Remark, the wrong, which would
wilder them in an unlucky Maze; for here the Way was
not only Intricate but Difficult; whereby I was encouraged
to auspicate a more Coelestial Path might lead
us to (^Getche^) , in the (^Turkish^) Language signifying a     #
(^Goat^)
Village; which was on Wheels, as the other, being not 
Twenty Miles distant; it is in a Sandy Valley full of
Shrubs, on which the Camels Feed, but the Asses, Mules,
and Horses, on Barly and chopt Straw; (the (^Persians^)
learn'd the (^Indians^) how to Treat their Horses; where
having declared the manner, I forbear here, it being exactly
the same) for these Eight or Nine (^Munsels^) they care 
not to House them, but only Cover them with (^Yawpengees^) ,
<P II,185>
or Horse-Cloths, and expose them to the open Air; which
is not so Unhealthy for them, as for Human Bodies, who
carefully prevent such Lodgings for fear of Aches, and
other Inconveniences incident thereupon; wherefore in the
middle of the Vale we repaired to the (^Caravan Ser Raw^) ,
almost buried in the Sand, it being the only obstacle to
their rowling Billows.
   The next Morn we were waited on by the Country
Women bringing us Cheese, and Butter made before our
Eyes, with no other Churn than a Goatskin, in which they
shook the Milk till Butter came; Fish, Roots, and Herbs,
with all sorts of Pullen: In these Two (^Munsels^) we only
meet with these Servitors, in other Places Men appear
alone, not allowing their Women that Freedom; but were
they no more tempting than these Swains, they'd have
small cause for the Restriction; for they are Strapping
Sunburnt Lasses, with little more Cloaths on than a dark
coloured Smock, or Frock; and for their Meen it is not
enticing; these bring us Water to Drink out of their Tanks,
newly filled, which was Thick, Troubled, and Slimy; for
which reason the Vapours, or rather Fumes from the Sun's
violence, were very Offensive, and the more irksome, because
we were constrained to tarry here another Night, for that
the River (^Rute Conna Shure^) ; or Salt-Water, was now
overflown by the Waters falling from the Mountains beyond
the Banks to that excess, that it could not be Forded by
Travellers, and the Stream ran with that Rapidness, that
it was unsafe to venture over till the descending Cataracts
<P II,186>
had left off pouring on the overswell'd Brinks, and emptied
themselves into the wider Gulf, not many Leagues distant
hence.
   The Day after, as soon as we heard the Waters were
abated, we set forward, and found it true what had been
reported (Three (^Caphala's^) not daring to pass the Lake,
where they had lain some Days, till we had led the way).
It was sultry Hot when we assayed to go, but Delays
in this case were dangerous; besides, we were uncertain
whether it would hold up should we tarry, which made us
confide on our Guides, who gave us assurance, that the
Marshes were passable; we were more troubled with Waves
of Sand than Water, both which, by Rain, or Wind, keep
on their course with some noise till silenced in the            #
(^Persian^)
Gulf.
   Athwart this Fen, which was upward of Three Miles,
was Built not long since, as by the Modern Architecture
may be guessed, a stately Stone Bridge with Arches, on
which high Banisters with Niches, and a brave paved
Cawsey Elegantly Built, which kept pace with us, but by
the Negligence of these People, as well as Injury of Floods
and Sands, it was broke down in several places, especially
where the Torrent made the deepest Channel, so that
though firm and strong in the greatest part of it, yet
by its being ruined in the most needful, it is become
impassable; and though a Work of extraordinary Benefit
and Charge, yet already rendred of little Use.
<P II,187>
   The rest of this day's Journy was between the Mountains,
where we were encounter'd by strange Flashes of
Lightning, the Foretellers of this Night's Rain, which we
hardly escaped before we came to (^Caurestan^) , in all Twenty
Miles: This (^Caravan Ser Raw^) is named from a Tree
growing here, and a Village properly so called (of which
it is a Composition in (^Persian^) ), it being the first we met
with whose Houses were fixed.  
   The following Day we continued going between two
Chains of Dry and Burnt Hills, through a stony Valley,
not without fear of suffocating, although it was near Evening
e're we set out, and Yesterday's Showers had benignly
distilled on the Fiery Drought, to cool the parched Earth:
But this is the dreadful Vale, where when the Hot (^North^)
Winds blow at this time, it sweeps both Men and Beasts
away, either by Night or Day, the Heat being as intense
and as intolerable as that from the Mouth of an Oven: We
were conducted through this Furnace by the Divine Protection
(without being put to make use of the common
Remedy in this Exigency, which is, upon perceiving of
the hot Blasts, to cast our selves flat on the Ground till
they are over, thereby to prevent the Fate attending those
who refuse to stoop to this known Prescription, which is, to
fall down dead, never to rise more alive), till we were
<P II,188>
mounted where these two Chains are linked to each other,
and by their mutual Ascent we were lift up on high, and
then gently descending we were led down to (^Goorbazergum^) ,
Fifteen miles from (^Caurestan^) .
   In this Bottom is a solitary Inn, very commodiously
seated; it is surrounded with Mountains, at whose Bottoms
are store of Water-Melons, a grateful Cooler in this Extremity
of Heat: (^Goor-Bazergum^) is as it were to say, (^The
Merchants Grave^) , in the (^Persian^) Tongue.



<B CEDIAR3A>
<Q E3 NN DIARY PEPYS>
<N DIARY PEPYS>
<A PEPYS SAMUEL>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DIARY PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^PEPYS, SAMUEL.
THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS, VII (1666);
VIII (1667).
ED. R. LATHAM AND W. MATTHEWS.
LONDON: G. BELL AND SONS, 1972; 1974.
VII,  PP. 409.5 - 417.15      (SAMPLE 1)
VIII, PP. 313.1 - 320.5       (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P VII,409>

[} [\15-16 DECEMBER 1666\] }]

   16. (^Lords day.^) Lay long, talking with my wife in bed.    #
Then 
up with great content, and to my chamber to set right a         #
picture 
or two - Lovett having sent me yesterday Santa Clara's head 
varnished, which is very fine. And now my closet is so full
stored and so fine, as I would never desire to have it better. 
   Dined without any strangers with me - which I do not like 
on Sundays. Then after dinner by water to Westminster to see 
Mrs. Martin, whom I found up in her chamber and ready to go 
abroad. I sat there with her and her husband and others a       #
pretty 
while; and then away to White-hall and there walked up and 
down to the Queen's side, and there saw my dear Lady            #
Castlemayne, 
who continues admirable methinks - and I do not hear 
but that the King is the same to her still as ever. Anon to 
chapel, by the King's closet, and heard a very good Anthemne. 
Then with Lord Brouncker to Sir W. Coventry's chamber, 
and there we sat with him and talked. He is weary of anything 
to do, he says, in the Navy. He tells us this Committee of 
Accounts will enquire sharply into our office; and (speaking 
of Sir J. Mennes) he says he will not bear anybody's faults     #
but 
his own. He discoursed as bad of Sir W. Batten almost. And 
cries out upon the discipline of the fleet, which is lost. And 
that there is not, in any of the fourth-rates and under,        #
scarce 
left one Sea-Comander, but all young gentlemen. And which 
troubles him, he hears that the gentlemen do give out that in   #
two 
or three years a Tarpawlin shall not dare to look after being   #
better 
then a Boatswain - which he is troubled at, and with good 
reason. And at this day Sir Robt. Holmes is mightily troubled 
that his brother doth not command in chief, but is commanded 
<P VII,410>
by Captain Hannum - who, Sir W. Coventry says he believes 
to be at least of as good blood - is a longer bred seaman - an 
elder officer, and an elder commander. But such is Sir R. 
Holmes's pride, as never to be stopped - he being greatly       #
troubled 
at my Lord Brouncker's late discharging all his men and         #
officers 
but the standing-officers at Chatham; and so are all other 
Commanders, and a very great cry hath been to the King from 
them all in my Lord's absence. But Sir W. Coventry doth 
undertake to defend it, and my Lord Brouncker got ground by 
it I believe - who is angry at Sir W. Batten and W. Penn's bad 
words concerning it. And I have made it worse by telling him 
that they refuse to sign to a paper which he and I signed on 
Saturday to declare the reason of his actions - which Sir W. 
Coventry likes, and would have it sent him and he will sign     #
it - 
which pleases me well. 
   So we parted, and I with Lord Brouncker to Sir P. Neale's 
chamber, and there sat and talked awhile - Sir Edwd. Walker 
being there, and telling us how he hath lost many fine Rowles   #
of 
antiquity in Heraldry by the late fire, but hath saved the      #
most of 
his papers. Here was also Dr. Wallis, the famous scholar and 
mathematician; but he promises little. 
<P VII,411>
   Left them, and in the dark and cold home by water; and so    #
to 
supper and to read, and so to bed - my eyes being better        #
today - 
and I cannot impute it to anything but by my being much in 
the dark tonight, for I plainly find that it is only excess of  #
light 
that makes my eyes sore. 
   This afternoon I walked with Lord Brouncker into the park, 
and there talked of the times. And he doth think that the King 
sees that he cannot never have much more money or good from 
this Parliament, and that therefore he may hereafter dissolve 
them. That as soon as he hath the money settled, he believes a 
peace will be clapped up; and that there are overtures of a 
peace - which, if such as the Lord Chancellor can excuse, he    #
will 
take. For it is the Chancellors interest, he says, to bring     #
peace 
again, for in peace he can do all and command all; but in war   #
he 
cannot, because he understands not the nature of the war - as   #
to 
the management thereof. He tells me he doth not believe that 
the Duke of York will go to sea again, though there are a       #
great 
many about the King that would be glad of any occasion to take 
him out of the world - he standing in their ways; and seemed    #
to 
mean the Duke of Monmouth - who spends his time the most 
viciously and idly of any man, nor will be fit for anything - 
yet he speaks as if it were not impossible but the King would 
own him for his son, and that there was a marriage between his 
mother and him - which God forbid should be, if it be not       #
true; 
nor will the Duke of York easily be gulled in it. But this,     #
put 
to our other distractions, makes things appear very sad, and 
likely to be the occasion of much confusion in a little time. 
And my Lord Brouncker seems to say that nothing can help 
us but the King's making a peace as soon as he hath this money;
and thereby putting himself out of debt, and so becoming a      #
good 
husband; and then he will neither need this, nor any other 
Parliament till he can have one to his mind. For no Parliament 
can, as he says, be kept long good - but they will spoil one 
another. And that therefore it hath been the practice of kings 
<P VII,412>
to tell Parliaments what he hath for them to do, and give them  #
so 
long time to do it in, and no longer.
   Harry Kembe, one of our messengers, is lately dead.  

   17. Up, and several people to speak with me. Then comes 
Mr. Caesar, and then Goodgroome, and what with one and the 
other, nothing but Musique with me this morning, to my great 
content; and the more to see that God Almighty hath put me 
into condition to bear the charge of all this. So out to the 
Change I, and did a little business; and then home, where they 
two musicians and Mr. Cooke came to see me - and Mercer, to 
go along with my wife this afternoon to a play. To dinner, 
and then our company all broke up, and I to my chamber to do 
several things - among other things, to write a letter to my    #
Lord 
Sandwich, it being one of the burdens upon my mind that I 
have not writ to him since he went into Spain. But now I do 
intend to give him a brief account of our whole year's action 
since he went, which will make amends. My wife well home in 
the evening from the play; which I was glad of, it being cold   #
and 
dark, and she having her necklace of pearl on, and none but 
Mercer with her. Spent the evening in fitting my books, to 
have the number set upon each in order to my having an 
Alphabet of my whole, which will be of great ease to me. This 
day Captain Batters came from sea in his Fireshipp, and came    #
to 
see me, poor man, as his patron - and a poor painful wretch he 
is as can be. After supper, to bed.  
<P VII,413>
   18. Up and to the office, where I hear the ill news that     #
poor
Batters, that hath been born and bred a seaman, and brought up 
his ship from sea but yesterday, was, going down from me to     #
his 
ship, drownded in the Thames - which is a sad fortune, and doth 
make me afeared, and will do, more then ever I was. 
   At noon dined at home; and then by coach to my Lord 
Bellasses, but not at home; so to Westminster hall, where the 
Lords are sitting still. I to see Mrs. Martin, who is very      #
well, 
and intends to go abroad tomorrow after her childbed. She 
doth tell me that this child did come (\la me`me jour\) that    #
it ought 
to (\hazer\) after my (\avoir e`te` con elle\) before her       #
(\marido\) did (\venir\) 
home. And she would now have done anything (\cum ego\) ; 
and did endeavour, but (\su cosa stava mala\) , which did       #
(\empescar\) . 
Thence to the Swan, and there I sent for Sarah and mighty       #
merry 
we were, but (\contra\) my will were very far from (\hazer      #
algo\) . 
So to Sir Rob. Viner's about my plate, and carried home         #
another 
dozen of plates, which makes my stock of plates up 2 1/2        #
dozen. 
And at home find Mr. Tho. Andrews, with whom I stayed and 
talked a little, and invited him to dine with me at Christmas; 
and then I to the office, and there late doing business, and    #
so 
home and to bed - sorry for poor Batters. 

   19. Up and by water to White-hall, and there with the 
Duke of York did our usual business. But nothing but            #
complaints 
of want of money, with[{out{] success, and Sir W. Coventry's 
complaint of the defects of our office (endeed Sir J.           #
Mennes's), 
without any amendment. And he tells us so plainly of the 
committee of Parliament's  resolution  to enquire home into     #
all  
our managements, that it makes me resolve to be wary and to do 
all things betimes to be ready for them. Thence, going away, 
<P VII,414>
met Mr. Hingston the Organist (my old acquaintance) in the 
Court, and I took him to the Dogg tavern and got him to set me 
a bass to my (^It is decreed^) , which I think will go well;    #
but he 
commends the song, not knowing the words, but says the ayre
is good, and believes the words are plainly expressed. He is    #
of 
my mind, against having of eighths unnecessarily in             #
composition. 
This did all please me mightily. Then to talk of the 
King's family: he says many of the Musique are ready to         #
starve, 
they being five years behindhand for their wages. Nay, 
Evens, the famous man upon the Harp, having not his equal in 
the world, did the other day die for mere want, and was fain 
to be buried at the almes of the parish - and carried to his    #
grave 
in the dark at night, without one Linke, but that Mr Hingston 
met it by chance and did give 12d to buy two or three links. 
He says all must come to ruin at this rate, and I believe 
him.  
   Thence I up to the Lords' House to enquire for Lord          #
Bellasses;
and there hear how at a conference this morning between the
two Houses, about the business of the Canary Company - my 
Lord Buckingham leaning rudely over my Lord Marquis of
Dorchester, my Lord Dorchester removed his elbow. Duke of
Buckingham asked whether he was uneasy. Dorchester replied,
"Yes", and that he durst [{not{] do this, were he anywhere      #
else.
Buckingham replied, yes he would, and that he was a better man
then himself. Dorchester answered that he lyed. With this,
Buckingham struck off his hat, and took him by his periwigg
and pulled it a-t'o[{ther{]-side, and held him. My Lord         #
Chamberlain
and others interposed. And upon coming into the House,
<P VII,415>
the Lords did order them both to the Tower, whither they are to
go this afternoon.
   I down into the Hall, and there the Lieutenant of the Tower
took me with him and would have me to the Tower to dinner;
where I dined - at the head of his table next his lady -        #
who is
comely, and seeming sober and stately, but very proud and very
cunning, or I am mistaken - and wanton too. This day's work
will bring the Lieutenant of the Tower 350l. But a strange
conceited, vain man he is, that ever I met withal, in his own
praise - as I have heretofore observed of him. Thence home, and
upon Tower hill saw about 3 or 400 seamen get together; and
one, standing upon a pile of bricks, made his sign with his     #
handkercher
upon his stick, and called all the rest to him, and several
shouts they gave. This made me afeared, so I got home as fast
as I could - and hearing of no present hurt, did go to Sir      #
Robt.
Viners about my plate again; and coming home, do hear of
1000 seamen said in the streets to be in armes. So in great 
fear home, expecting to find a tumult about our house, and was
doubtful of my riches there - but I thank God, I found all      #
well.
But by and by Sir W. Batten and Sir R Ford do tell me that 
the seamen have been at some prisons to release some seamen,
<P VII,416>
and that the Duke of Albemarle is in armes, and all the Guards  #
at
the other end of the town; and the Duke of Albemarle is gone
with some forces to Wapping to quell the seamen - which is a 
thing of infinite disgrace to us.
   I sat long, talking with them. And among other things, Sir
R. Ford did make me understand how the House of Commons is a
beast not to be understood - it being impossible to know        #
beforehand
the success almost of any small plain thing - there being so
many to think and speak to any business, and they of so         #
uncertain
minds and interests and passions.
   He did tell me, and so did Sir W. Batten, how Sir Allen
Brodericke and Sir Allen Apsly did come drunk the other day
into the House, and did both speak for half an hour together,   #
and
could not be either laughed or pulled or bid to sit down and
hold their peace - to the great contempt of the King's          #
servants and
cause - which I am aggrieved at with all my heart.
   We were full in discourse of the sad state of our times. And
the horrid shame brought on the King's service by the just
clamours of the poor seamen. And that we must be undone in
a little time.
   Home, full of trouble on these considerations. And among
other things, I to my chamber and there to ticket a good part
of my books, in order to the Numbring of them - for my easy
finding them to read, as I have occasion.
   So to supper and to bed - with my heart full of trouble.

   20. Up and to the office, where we sat all the morning.
And here, among other things, came Captain Cocke, and I did
get him to sign me a note for the 100l, to pay for the plate he
<P VII,417>
doth present me with, which I am very glad of. At noon
home to dinner, where was Balty come; who is well again,
and the most recovered in his countenance that ever I did see.
Here dined with me also Mrs. Batters, poor woman, now left a
sad widow by the drowning of her husband the other day.
I pity her, and will do her what kindness I can; yet I observe 
something of ill-nature in myself, more then should be: that I
am colder towards her in my charity then I should be to one so
painful as he and she have been, and full of kindness to their
power to my wife and I. After dinner out with Balty, setting
him down at the Maypole in the Strand; and then I to my Lord
Bellasses, and there spoke with Mr. Moone about some business;
and so away home to my business at the office, and then home to
supper and to bed, after having finished the putting of little
papers upon my books, to be numbered hereafter. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P VIII,313>
[} [\JULY 1667\] }]
   1. Up betimes about 4 a-clock, waked by a damned noise 
between a sow gelder and a cow and a dog, nobody after we were 
up being able to tell us what it was. After being ready, we     #
took 
coach; and being very sleepy, drouzed most part of the way to 
gravesend; and there light and down to the new Battery which 
are like to be very fine, and there did hear a plain fellow     #
cry 
out upon the folly of the King's officers above, to spend so    #
much 
money in works at Woolwich and Deptford and sinking of good 
ships loaden with goods, when if half the charge had been laid 
out here, it would have secured all that, and this place too,   #
before 
now - and I think it is not only true in this, but that the     #
best of 
the actions of us all are so silly, that the meanest people do  #
begin 
to see through them and contemn them. "Besides," says he, 
"they spoil the river by it." Then informed ourselfs where we 
might have some Creame, and they guided us to one Goody 
Best's, a little out of the town towards London-road; and       #
thither 
we went with the Coach and find it a mighty clean, plain        #
house, 
and had a dish of very good cream to our liking; and so away 
presently, very merry, and fell to reading of the several       #
(^Advices 
to a Painter^) , which made us good sport; and endeed, are      #
very 
witty; and Creed did also repeat to me some of the substance    #
of 
letters of old Burleigh in Queen Elizabeth's time which he      #
hath of 
late read in the printed (^Cabbala^) , which is a very fine     #
style at this 
day and fit to be imitated. With this, and talking and          #
laughing 
<P VIII,314>
at the folly of our maisters in the management of things at     #
this 
day, we got home by noon, where all well. And then to dinner, 
and after dinner both of us laid down upon the Couch and        #
chairs 
and to sleep; which I did for an hour or two, and then to the 
office, where I am sorry to hear that Sir J. Mennes is likely   #
to die 
this night or tomorrow. I forgot to set down that we met this 
morning upon the road with Mrs. Williams, going down to my  
Lord Brouncker; we bowed without speaking one to another, 
but I am ashamed at the folly of the man, to have her down at 
this serious busy time, when the town and country is full of 
people and full of censure, and against him perticularly. At    #
Sir 
W. Batten's my Lady tells me that she hears for certain that    #
my 
Lord's maid of his lodgings here doth give out that Mrs.        #
Williams 
hath been fain of late to sell her best clothes and Jewells to  #
get a 
little money upon - which is a sad condition. Thence to the 
office and did write to my Lord Brouncker to give me a little 
satisfaction about the certainty of the Chaines being broke,    #
which 
I begin to doubt, and the more from Sir W Pen's discourse; 
it is worth while to read my letter to him entered in my        #
letter 
book. Home in the evening to supper; and so pretty betimes, 
about 10 a-clock, to bed, and slept well. This day letters are 
come that my sister is very ill.  

   2. Up, and put on my new silk Camelott suit, made of my 
cloak, and suit now made into a vest. So to the office, where 
W. Penn and myself and Sir T. Harvy met, the first time we      #
have 
had a meeting since the coming of the Dutch upon the coast. 
Our only business (for we have little else to do, nobody being 
willing to trust us for anything) was to speak with the owners  #
of 
<P VIII,315>
six merchantmen which we have been taking up this fortnight, 
and are yet in no readiness, they not fitting their ships       #
without 
money advanced to them, we owing them for what their ships 
have earned the last year. So everything stands still for       #
money, 
while we want money to pay for some of the most necessary 
things  that we promised ready money for in the heighth of our  
wants - as grapnells, &c.; at noon home to dinner; and after 
dinner, my wife and Jane (mighty fine the girle) to go to see 
Jane's old mistress, who was to see her, and did see my wife    #
the 
other day. And it is pleasant to hear with what kindness her    #
old 
mistress speaks of this girl, and how she would still have      #
her, 
and how the wench cried when she told her that she must come 
to her old mistress, my wife. They gone, I to my chamber, 
and there dallied a little with my maid Nell to touch her       #
thing, 
but nothing more. And so to the office, where busy till night; 
and then comes Mrs. Turner and walks with me in the garden, 
to talk with me about her husband's business and to tell me     #
how 
she hears at the other end of the town how bad our office is 
spoken of by the King and Prince and Duke of Albemarle; 
and that there is not a good word said of any of us but of me, 
and me they do all speak mightily of - which, whether true or   #
no, 
I am mighty glad to hear. But from all put together that I      #
hear 
from other people, I am likely to pass as well as anybody. So 
she gone, comes my wife and to walk in the garden, Sir J.       #
Mennes 
being still ill and so keeping us from singing; and by and by 
Sir W Pen came and walked with us, and gave us a bottle of 
cider; and so we home to supper, and I to read myself asleep 
and so to bed. (This day I am told that poor Tooker is dead, 
a very painful poor man as ever I knew.)  

   3. Up, and within most of the morning, my tailor's boy 
coming to alter something in my new suit I put on yesterday. 
<P VIII,316>
Then to the office and did business, and then (my wife being a 
little ill of those in the bed) I to Sir W. Batten's and dined, 
and there comes in Sir Rd. Ford and tells us how he hath been 
at the Session's-house, and there it is plain that there is a   #
combination 
of rogues in the town that do make it their business to set 
houses on fire, and that one house they did set on fire in      #
Aldersgate-street 
last Easter, and that this is proved by two young 
men, whom one of them debauched by degrees to steal their 
father's plate and clothes, and at last to be of their          #
company, and 
they had their places to take up what goods were flung into     #
the 
streets out of the windows when the houses were on fire; and 
this is like to be proved to a great number of rogues, whereof 
five are already found, and some found guilty this day. One of 
these boys is the son of a Mountagu, of my Lord Manchester's 
family; but whose son, he could not tell me. This is a strange 
thing methinks, but I am glad that it is proved so true and 
discovered. So home, and to enter my Journall of my late 
journy to this hour; and then to the office - where to do a     #
little 
business; and then by water to White-hall (calling at Michells 
in my way, but the rogue would not invite me in, I having a     #
mind 
(\para ver\) his wife); and there to the Council-chamber to     #
deliver a 
letter to their Lordships about the state of the six            #
merchantmen 
which we have been so long fitting out. When I came, the 
King and the whole tableful of Lords were hearing of a pitiful 
cause of a complaint of an old man, with a great gray beard, 
against his son, for not allowing himself something to live     #
on; 
and at last came to the ordering the son to allow his father    #
10l a 
year. This cause lasted them near two hours; which methinks, 
at this time to be the work of the Council-board of England,    #
is a 
<P VIII,317>
scandalous thing, and methought Sir W. Coventry to me did own 
as much. Here I find all the news is the enemy's landing 3000 
men near Harwich, and attacquing Langnerfort and being beat 
off thence with our great guns, killing some of their men and 
they leaving their lathers behind them; but we had no Horse 
in the way on Suffolke side, otherwise we might have galled 
their Foot. The Duke of York is gone down thither this day, 
while the Generall sat sleeping this afternoon at the           #
Counciltable. 
The news so much talked of this Exchange, of a peace, 
I find by Sir Rd. Browne arises from a letter the Swedes agent 
hath received from Bredah, and showed at Court today, that 
they are come very near it, but I do not find anybody here 
relying on it. This cause being over, the Trinity-house men, 
whom I did not expect to meet, were called in; and there Sir 
W Pen made a formal speech in answer to a Question of the 
King's, whether the lying of the sunk ships in the River would 
spoil the River; but Lord, how gingerly he answered it, and     #
with 
a deal of do, that he did not know whether it would be safe as  #
to 
the enemy to have them taken up, but that doubtless it would    #
be 
better for the River to have them taken up. Methought the 
Council found them answer like fools, and it ended in bidding 
them think more of it and bring their answer in writing.        #
Thence  
I to Westminster-hall and there hear how they talk against the 
present management of things, and against Sir W. Coventry for 
<P VIII,318>
his bringing in of new commanders and casting out the old       #
seamen; 
which I did endeavour to rectify Mr. Michell and them in, 
letting them know that he hath opposed it all his life, the     #
most 
of any man in England. After a deal of this bibble babble, I    #
to 
Mrs. Martins and there she was gone in before; but when I 
came, contrary to my expectation, I find her all in trouble,    #
and 
what was it for but that I have got her with child, for those   #
do 
not (\venir\) upon her as they should have done; and is in      #
exceeding 
grief, and swears that the child is mine; which I do not 
believe, but yet do comfort her that either it can[{not{] be    #
so; or 
if it be, that I will take care to send for her husband,        #
though I do 
hardly see how I can be sure of that, the ship being at sea     #
and as 
far as Scotland; but however, I must do it, and shall find      #
some 
way or other of doing it, though it doth trouble me not a       #
little. 
Thence, not pleased, away to White-hall to Mr. Williamson and 
by and by my Lord Arlington about Mr. Lanyon's business; 
and it is pretty to see how Mr. Williamson did altogether       #
excuse 
himself that my business was not done, and when I came to my 
Lord and told him my business, - "Why," says my Lord, "it hath 
[{been{] done, and the King signed it several days ago;" and    #
so it 
was, and was in Mr. Williamson's hand, which made us both 
laugh; and I in innocent mirth, I remember, said, "It is        #
pretty to 
see in what a condition we are, that all our matters nowadays 
are undone we know not how, and done we know not when." 
He laughed at it, but I have since reflected on it and find it  #
a 
severe speech, as it might be taken by a chief minister of      #
state, 
as endeed Mr. Williamson is, for he is endeed the Secretary. 
But we fell to other pleasant talk, and a fine gentleman he is; #
and 
so gave him 5l for his fee, and away home and to Sir W.         #
Batten's 
to talk a little; and then to the office to do a little         #
business, and so 
home to supper and to read myself asleep, and then to bed.  
<P VIII,319>
   4. Up; and in vain expecting Sir Rd. Ford's calling on me, 
I took coach and to the Sessions-house, where I have a mind to 
hear Bazill Fielding's case tried; and so got up to the Bench, 
my Lord Chief Justice Keeling being Judge. Here I stood bare, 
not challenging, though I might well enough, to be covered. 
But here was several fine trials. Among others, several         #
brought 
in for making it their trade to set houses on fire, merely to   #
get 
plunder, and all proved by the two little boys spoken of        #
yesterday 
by Sir R. Ford, who did give so good account of perticulars     #
that 
I never heard children in my life; and I confess, though I was 
unsatisfied with the force given to such little boys to take    #
away 
men's lives, yet when I was told that my Lord Chief-Justice     #
did 
declare that there was no law against taking the oath of        #
children 
above twelve years old, and then heard from Sir R. Ford the 
good account which the boys had given of their understanding 
the nature and consequence of an oath, and now my own           #
observation 
of the sobriety and readiness of their answers, further then 
of any man of any rank that came to give witness this day,      #
though 
some men of years and learning, I was a little amazed, and      #
fully 
satisfied that they ought to have as much credit as the rest. 
They proved against several, their consulting several times at  #
a 
bawdy-house in Moore-Fields called the Russia House, among 
many other rogueries, of setting houses on fire, that they      #
might 
gather the goods that were flung into the streets; and it is    #
worth 
considering how unsafe it is to have children play up and down 
this lewd town, for these two boys, one is my Lady Mountagus 
(I know not what Lady Mountagu) son and the other of good 
condition, were playing in Moore-Fields, and one rogue, Gabr. 
Holmes, did come to them and teach them to drink, and then to 
bring him plate and clothes from their fathers' houses and      #
carry 
him into their houses, and leaving open the doors for him; and 
at last were made of their conspiracy, and were at the very     #
burning 
<P VIII,320>
of this [{house{] in Aldersgate-street on Easter Sunday at      #
night 
last, and did gather up goods as they had resolved before. And 
this Gabriel Holmes did advise to have had two houses set on 
fire, one after another, that while they were quenching of      #
one, 
they might be burning another. 



<B CEDIAR3B>
<Q E3 NN DIARY EVELYN>
<N DIARY EVELYN>
<A EVELYN JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DIARY PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^EVELYN, JOHN.
THE DIARY OF JOHN EVELYN.
ED. E. S. DE BEER.
LONDON, NEW YORK, TORONTO:
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1959. 
PP. 896.1  - 905.36      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 927.15 - 933.2       (SAMPLE 2)^]

[^INTERLINEATIONS AND MARGINAL INSERTIONS 
INDICATED BY SQUARE BRACKETS IN THE EDITION 
ARE SURROUNDED BY ROUND BRACKETS AND CODED 
AS 'EMENDATIONS' IN THE VERSION BELOW: 
[{(.....){] ^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 896>
   23 Our Lecturer at Deptford: on: 1. Mark:3: 
   24 The King passes into France, whither the queen & child    #
wer 
gon a few days before. 
   25 Christmas day, our Lecturer on his former Text; The holy 
Communion followed, at which I received: 
   26 The Peeres & such Commons as were members of the          #
Parliament 
at Oxford, being the last of Charles the first: meeting,        #
desire 
the Pr: of Orange to take on him the Government, & dispose of   #
the 
publique Revenue 'til a Convention of Lords & Commons should 
meete in full body, appointed by his Circulary Letters to the   #
Shires 
& Borrowghs 22. Jan:  
   I had now quartered upon me a Lieutenant Coll: & 8 horses:  
   30 Our Lecturer on 122. (^Psal:^) 6: (\Pomerid:\) a Stranger #
on 6. 
Eccles: This day Prayers for the Prince of Wales were first     #
left 
off in our Church pew & pulpet.  
   Greate preparations of all the Princes of Europ, against     #
the 
French &c: the Emp: making peace with the Turke: 
   1688/9 Jan: I Dined with me severall friends. 
   3 I went to Lond: about buisinesse, & to visite divers       #
friends: 
   6. Epiphany, Dr. Tenison at St. Martins on 2: Psal:8: The    #
holy 
Communion followed, at which I received &c: [{(Lord make me 
worthy:){] 
   7 I returned home: on foote, it having ben a long frost &    #
deepe 
snow, [{so{] as the Thames was almost quite frozen over. 
   13 Our Lecturer on 6 Matt. 21. 
   15 I went to visite my Lord Archbish of Cant: where I found  #
the 
Bishops of St. Asaph, Ely, Bath & Wells, Peterborow &           #
Chichester; 
The Earle of Alesbery & Clarendon, Sir Geo: Makenzy Lord 
Advocate of Scotland, & then came in a Scotch Archbishop: &c. 
After prayers & dinner, were discoursed divers serious matters  #
concerning 
the present state of the publique: & sorry I was to find,       #
there 
was as yet no accord in the judgements of those who both of     #
the 
Lords & Commons were to convene: Some would have the princesse 
made Queene without any more dispute, others were for a 
Regency, There was a Torie part (as then called so) who were    #
for 
[{inviting{] his Majestie againe upon Conditions, & there were  #
Republicarians, 
who would make the Prince of Orange like a Stateholder: 
<P 897>
The Romanists were also buisy among all these severall 
parties to bring them into Confusion; most for Ambition, or     #
other 
Interest, few for Conscience and moderate resolutions: I found 
nothing of all this in this Assembly of Bishops, who were       #
pleas'd to 
admitt me into their Discourses: They were all for a Regency, 
thereby to salve their Oathes, & so all publique matters to     #
proceede 
in his Majesties name, thereby to facilitate the calling of a   #
Parliament 
according to the Laws in being; this was the result of this 
meeting: My Lord of Cant: gave me greate thanks for the         #
advertisement 
I sent his Grace in October, & assur'd me they tooke my 
counsel in that particular, & that it came very seasonable: 
   I found by the Lord Advocate of Scotland that the Bishops    #
of 
Scotland, who were indeede very unworthy that Character & had 
don much mischiefe in that Church, were now coming about to     #
the 
True Interest, more to save themselves in this conjuncture,     #
which 
threatned the abolishing the whole Hierarchy in that Kingdome, 
than for Conscience: & therefore the Scotish Archbish: & Lord 
Advocate requested my L. of Cant: to use his best endeavors     #
with 
the Prince, to maintaine the Church there in the same state as  #
by 
Law at present settled: It now growing late, I after some       #
private 
discourse, tooke my leave of his Grace, most of the Lords       #
being gon: 
I beseech God of his infinite mercy to settle truth & peace     #
amongst 
us againe: 
   It was now that the Triall of the Bishops was published in   #
print:  
   20 Our Lecturer proceeded on his former text: 
   In the A[{f{]ternoone I went to the French Congregation at   #
Greenewich, 
The Preachers Text was 17: (^Matt:^) 9: 
   I visited the Marquis de Ruvignie:  
   23 I went to Lond, The greate Convention being assembled     #
the 
day before, falling upon the greate Question about the          #
Government, 
Resolved that K. (^Jam:^) 2d, having by the advise of Jesuites  #
& other 
wicked persons, endeavored to subvert the Lawes of church &     #
state, 
and Deserting the Kingdome [{(carrying away the Seales & c){]   #
without 
taking any care for the manegement of the Government, had by 
demise, abdicated himselfe, and wholy vacated his right: &      #
They did 
therefore desire the Lords Concurrence to their Vote, to place  #
the 
Crowne upon the next heires: The Prince of Orange for his       #
life, 
<P 898>
then to the Princesse his wife, & if she died without Issue to  #
the Princesse 
of Denmark, & she failing to the heires of the Pr: Excluding 
for ever all possibility of admitting any Ro: Cath: 
   27 Dr. Tenison preached at St. Martines, on 6: (^Gen:^) 5:   #
I din'd at
the Admiralty, where was brought, a young Child not 12 yeares   #
old, 
the sonn of one Dr. Clench, of the most prodigious maturity of
memorie, & knowledge, for I cannot call it altogether memory,   #
but
[{(something more){] extraordinary; Mr. Pepys & my selfe        #
examining
him not in any method, but [{(by){] promiscuously questions,    #
which required
judgement & wonderfull discernement, to answere things
so readily & pertinently: There was not any thing in            #
Chronologie,
Historie, Geographie, The several systemes of Astronomers,
Courses of the starrs, Longitudes, Latitudes, doctrine of the
Spheares, Sourses & courses of Rivers, Creekes, harbors,        #
Eminent
Citties, staples, boundaries & bearings of Countries, not       #
onely in
Europe but any other part of the Earth, which he did not        #
readily resolve
& demonstrate his knowledge of, readily drawing out, with his
pen any thing that he would describe: He was able not onely to
repeate the most famous things which are left us in any of the  #
Greeke
or Roman histories, Monarchie, Repub, Warrs, Colonies, Exploits
by sea & land; but readily, besides all the Sacred stories of   #
the Old 
& New Test: the succession of all the Monarches, Babylonish,    #
Persian,
Gr: Roman, with all the lower Emperors, Popes, Heresiarches,
& Councils; What they were cald about, what they determined,    #
[{(&){]
in the Controversie of Easter, The Tenets of the Gnostics,      #
Sabellius,
Arius, Nestorius; The difference twixt St. Cyprian & Stephen    #
about
rebaptization; The Schismes, we leaped from that to other       #
things
totaly different: To Olympic yeares, & Synchronismes; we asked
him questions which could not be resolved without considerable
meditation & judgement: nay, of some particulars of the Civil 
Lawes, of the Digest & Code: He gave a stupendous account of
both Natural, & Moral Philosophie, & even in Metaphysics:       #
Having
thus exhausted our selves, rather than this wonderfull Child,   #
or
Angel rather, for he was as beautifull & lovely in              #
Countenance, as in
knowledge; we concluded, with asking him, if in all he had      #
read, or
heard of, he had ever met with any thing which was like, this   #
Expedition
of the Pr: of Orange; with so small a force, to obtaine 3       #
greate 
<P 899>
[{Kingdoms{] , without any Contest: He after a little thought,  #
told us,
that he knew of nothing did more resemble it, Than the coming   #
of
Constantin the Greate out of Brittane, thro: France & Italy, so
tedious a March, to meete Maxentius, whom he overthrew at ponte
Milvij, with very little conflict, & at the very gates of       #
Rome, which
he entered & was received with Triumph, & obtained the Empire,
not of 3 Kingdomes onely, but of all the then known World: He   #
was
perfect in the Latine Authors, spake french naturaly, & gave    #
us a
description of France, Italy, Savoy, Spaine, Antient & modernly
divided; as also of the antient Greece, S[{c{]ythia, & Northern
Countries & Tracts, in a word, we left questioning farther with
astonishment: This the child did without any set or formal      #
repetition;
as one who had learned things without booke, but, as if he
minded other things going about the roome, & toying with a      #
parat
there, & as he was at dinner [{( (\tanquam aliud agens\) as it  #
were){] seeming
to be full of play, of a lively & spiritfull temper, allways    #
smiling,
& exceedingly pleasant without the least levity, rudenesse or   #
childishnesse:
His father assur'd us, he never imposed any thing to
charge his memorie, by causing him to get things by heart, no,  #
not
the rules of Grammer; but his [{Tutor{] (who was a French-man)
reading to him, in French first, & then in Latine: That he      #
usualy
plaied, amongst other boys 4 or 5 hours every day & that he     #
was as
earnest at play, as at his study: He was perfect in             #
Arithmetic, &
now newly entered into the Greek: In sum [{ (\(Horesco          #
referens)\) {] I
had, read of divers, forward & praecoce, Youthes, & some I have
known; but in my life, did never either heare or read of any    #
like to
this sweete Child, if it be lawfull to call him Child, who has  #
more
knowledge, than most men in the world: I counseled his father,  #
not
to set his heart too much upon this Jewell, (\Immodicis brevis  #
est aetas,
et rara senectus\) , as I my selfe learn'd by sad experience    #
in my most 
deare child Richard many yeares since, who dying before he was
six years old, was both in shape & Countenance, & pregnancy of
learning, next to prodigie even in that tender-age, as I have   #
given
ample account in my praeface to that Golden book of St.         #
Chrysostome,
which I published on that sad occasion &c:
   28 The Votes of the House of Comm: being Carried up, by      #
their
chaire-man Mr. Hamden, to the Lords, [{(29){] I got a station   #
by the
<P 900>
Princes lodgings at the doore of the Lobby to the House, to     #
heare
much of the debate which held very long; The Lord Danby being   #
in
the chaire (for the Peres were resolved into a grand Committee  #
of 
the whole house) after all had spoken, it comming to the        #
question:
It was carried out by 3 voices, again[{s{]t a (^Regency^) ,     #
which 51 of 54
were for, aledging the danger of dethroning Kings, & scrupuling
many passages & expressions of the Commons Votes; too long to
set downe particularly, some were for sending to his Majestie   #
with
Conditions, others, that the K. could do no wrong, & that the   #
maladministration 
was chargeable on his Ministers. There were not
above 8 or 9 Bish: & but two, against the Regency; The (^Arch   #
Bishop^)
was absent: & the Cleargie now began a new to change their      #
note,
both in pulpet & discourse, upon their old passive Obedience:   #
so as
people began to talke of the Bishops being cast out of the      #
House: In
short, things tended to dissatisfaction on both sides, add to   #
this the
morose temper of the Pr: of Orange, who shewed so little        #
Countenance
to the Noblemen & others, expecting a more gracious & cherefull
reception, when they made their Court: The English Army
likewise, not so in order, & firme to his Interest, nor so      #
weaken'd,
but that it might, give interruption: Ireland in a very ill     #
posture, as
well as Scotland; nothing yet towards any settlement: God of    #
his
infinite mercy, Compose these [{things{] , that we may at       #
lastt be a
Nation & a church under some fixt and sober establishment:
   30 Was the Anniversary of K: Ch: the Is Martyrdome; but in   #
all
the publique Offices & pulpet prayers, The Collects [{(&        #
Litanys){] for
the King & Queene, were curtailed & mutilated: Dr. Sharp        #
preached
before the Common[{s{] ; but was disliked & not so much as      #
thanked
for his sermon:
   I went to St. Martin, where a stranger preached on           #
(^2:Apoc:10^)
much against popery, with a touch at our Obligation of Loyalty  #
to
the King &c:
   I came home afternoone, & at our church (the next [{day{]    #
being
appointed a Thanksgiving for deliverance by the P: of Orange,
prayers purposly composed) our Lecturer, preached on 97:Psal:1.
a very honest Sermon, shewing our duty to God for the many      #
signal
deliverances of his Church, without entering into the           #
politics. 
   Feb: [{3{] Our Lecturer on his former Text, shewing how all  #
power
<P 901>
flowes from God, & how absolutely necessary it is, that he      #
should
[{constitute{] his Vicegerents here, & how responsible they     #
are that
they governe justly; The fatal ends of those who have in all    #
ages
abused their power, & the hapinesse of religious Princes &c:    #
The
holy Communion follow'd, at which I received: Blessed be God.
   6 The Kings Coronation day was ordred not to be observed, as
hitherto it yearely had.
   The Convention of L: & Comm: now declare the Pr: & princesse
of Or: Q: & K of England, Fr: & Ireland (Scotland being an      #
Independent
Kingdome) The Pr & Princesse to enjoy it jointly during their
lives, but the executive Authority to be vested in the Prince   #
during
life, though all proceedings to run in both names: & that it    #
descend
to the heires of both, & for want of such Issue to the          #
Princesse
Ann of Denmark, & in want of such to the heires of the body of
the Pr: of Or: if he survive, & for defect, to devolve to the   #
Parliament
to choose as they think fit: These produc'd a Conference with
the Lords, when also there was presented heads of such          #
[{(new){] laws
as were to be enacted: & upon those Conditions they tis         #
thought
will be proclaim'd: There was much contest about the Kings      #
abdication,
& whether he had vacated the Government: E. of Notingham
& about 20 Lords & many Bishops, entred their protests &c,
but the Concurrence was greater against them - The Princesse
hourely Expected: Forces sending to Ireland, that K[{ing{]dome
being in great danger, by the E. of Tyrconnells Armie, &        #
expectations
from France: which K. is buisy to invade Flanders, & encounter
the German Princes comming now to their Assistance: so as
this is likely to be one of the most remarkable summers for     #
action, as
has happed for many Ages:
   10 Our Lecturer preached on 26. Matt: 11:
   (\Pomerid:\) Curate [{on{] 119 Psal: 105:
   16 I went to Lond: 17th Dr. Tenison [{(at St. Martin){] on   #
19 Psal:
12:
   21 At St. James's church preached Dr. Burnet, on 5.          #
(^Deut:^) 29
relating to the obligation lying upon the nation, to walke      #
worthy of
Gods particular & signal deliverances of this Nation & Church:
   22 Dr. Stillingfleete (Deane of S Paules) on 1. (^Pet:^)     #
4.18:
   I saw the new Queene & King, so proclaim'd, the very next    #
day
<P 902>
of her coming to White-hall, Wednesday 13. Feb. with wonderfull
acclamation & general reception, Bonfires, bells, Gunns &c: It  #
was
believed that they both, especialy the Princesse, would have    #
shewed
some (seeming) reluctancy at least, of assuming her Fathers     #
Crowne
& made some Apologie, testifying her regret, that he should by  #
his
misgovernment necessitat the Nation to so extraordinary a       #
proceeding,
which would have shewed very handsomly to the world, (and
according to the Character give[{n{] of her piety &c) &         #
consonant to
her husbands first Declaration, that there was no intention of  #
Deposing
the King, but of Succoring the Nation; But, nothing of all
this appeared; she came into W-hall as to a Wedding, riant &    #
jolly,
so as seeming to be quite Transported: rose early on the next   #
morning
of her arival, and in her undresse (as reported) before her
women were up; went about from roome to roome, to see the       #
Convenience
of White-hall: Lay in the same bed & appartment where 
the late Queene lay: & within a night or two, sate downe to     #
play at
Basset, as the Q. her predecessor us'd to do: smiled upon &     #
talked
to every body; so as no manner of change seem'd in Court,       #
since his
Majesties last going away, save that the infinite crowds of     #
people
thronged to see her, & that she went to our prayers: This       #
carriage
was censured by many: she seemes to be of a good nature, & that
takes nothing to heart whilst the Pr: her husband has a         #
thoughtfull
Countenance, is wonderfull serious & silent, seemes to treate   #
all persons
alike gravely: & to be very intent on affaires, both Holland, &
Ireland & France calling for his care: Divers Bishops, & Noble
men are not at all satisfied with this so suddain Assumption    #
of the
Crown, without any previous, sending & offering some            #
Conditions
to the absent King: or, upon his not returning & assenting to   #
those 
Conditions within such a day: to have proclaim'd him Regent &c.
But the major part of both houses, prevailed to make them King  #
&
Q: immediately, and a Crowne was tempting &c - This was
opposed & spoke against with such vehemency by my L. Clarendon
(her owne Unkle) as putt him by all preferments, which must     #
doubtlesse,
[{have{] been as greate, as could have ben given him: My L: of
Rochester his bro: overshot himselfe by the same carriage &     #
stiffnesse,
which, their friends thought, they might have well spared,
when they saw how it was like to be over-ruled, & that it had   #
ben
<P 903>
sufficient to have declared their dissent with lesse passion,   #
acquiescing
in due time: The AB of Cant, & some of the rest, upon scrupule
of Conscience, & to salve the Oathes they had taken, entred     #
their
protests, & hung off: Especially the Arch-Bishop, who had not   #
all
this while so much as appeared out of Lambeth: all which        #
incurred
the wonder of many, who observed with what zeale they           #
contributed
to the Princes Expedition, & all this while also, rejecting any #
proposals
of sending againe [{for{] the absented King: That they should 
now boggle & raise scrupuls, & such as created much division    #
among
people, greatly rejoicing the old Courtiers, & Papist[{s{]      #
especialy:
   Another objection was the invalidity of what was don, by a   #
Convention
onely, & the as yet unabrogated Laws: which made them on 
the 22, make themselves a parliament, the new King passing the  #
act 
with the Crowne on his head: This lawyers disputed; but         #
necessity
prevailed, the Government requiring a speedy settlement: And    #
now
innumerable were the Crowds who solicited for & expected        #
Offices,
most of the old ones turn'd out: Two or 3. White Staves were    #
disposed
of some days before, as L: Steward to the E. of Devonshire,
Tress: of the Household to L: Newport, L. Cham: to the K, to my
L: of Dorset &c: but there were yet none in offices of the      #
Civil
government, save: Pr: Seale to the Marq: of Halifax: A Council  #
of
30 was chosen, L. Danby Presedent: but neither Chancellor,
Tressurer, Judges &c not yet declared, A greate seale not yet
finished: Thus far went things when I returned home (having
visited divers of my old acquaintance &c) which was [{(23){]    #
on the
Saturday:
   24 St. (^Matthias^) , our Viccar preached on 12. (^Luke.^)   #
21:
   (^Mar.^) 2 To Lond: 3d Dr.(^Tenison^) at St. Martins on:     #
16: Matt 26:
The holy Communion follow'd, of which I participated.
   6: Dr. at White-hall before the new Queene: 2. Thess: 5.
   8. Dr. Tillotson deane of Cant: an excellent discourse on    #
5. Matt:
44: exhorting to charity and forgivenesse of Enemies; I suppose
purposly, The new Parliament now being furiously about          #
Impeaching
those who were obnoxious: & as their custome has ever ben going
on violently, without reserve or moderation: whilst wise men    #
were
of opinion that the most notorious Offenders being named &      #
excepted,
an Act of Amnesty were more seasonable, to paciffie the
<P 904>
minds of men, in so generall a discontent of the nation,        #
especialy of
those who did not expect to see the Government assum'd without
any reguard to the absent King, or proving a spontaneous        #
abdication,
or that the Pr: of Wales was an Imposture, &c: 5 of the Bishops
also still refusing to take the new Oath: In the interim to     #
gratifie &
sweeten the people, The Hearth Tax was remitted for ever: but
what intended to supply it, besids present greate Taxes on      #
land: is
not named: The King abroad furnished with mony & officers by
the French King going now for Ireland, Their wonderfull         #
neglect of
more timely preventing that from hence, and disturbances in     #
Scotland,
gives men apprehension of greate difficulties before any        #
settlement
can be perfected here: [{(whilst){] The Parliament men          #
dispose
of the greate Offices amongst themselves: The Gr: Seale,        #
Treasury,
Admiralty put into commission, of many unexperienc'd persons to
gratifie the more: So as, by the present prospect of things     #
(unlesse
God Almighty graciously interpose, & give successe in Ireland,  #
&
settle Scotland) more Trouble seemes to threaten this nation,   #
than
could be expected: In the Interim, the New K. referrs all to    #
the
Parliament in the most popular manner imaginable: but is        #
very slow
in providing against all these menaces, besides finding         #
difficulties in
raising men to send abroad, The former army (who had never don
any service hitherto, but received pay, and passed the summers  #
in an
idle scene of a Camp at Hounslow) unwilling to engage, & many   #
of
them dissaffected, & scarce to be trusted:
   9: I returned home: [{(10:){] our (^Viccar:^) on his         #
former subject  
21. Matt:
   The (^Curate^) 90 Psal: 12:
   24: Palme-Sonday: I went early to Lond: according to my
custome, to passe the Holy-Weeke in Lond: At St. Martines
preached Dr. Tenison on: 2. Cor: 4.8.
   25 Lady-day, preached a Young man: at St. Martin on: 1.      #
Luke:
30. 31:
   27: At White-Hall, Dr. Jeane, Regius professor at Oxon:      #
before
the new Queene: &c: on 1. (^John:^) 5.4:
   [{(28 I visited Mr. Boile where an Italian Traveller         #
described how
farr he had ben in the desert of Africa and saw a Creature,     #
bodied
like an ox, head like a pike fish, taile like a peacock:){]
<P 905>
   29 Good friday Morning at St. Martin, Dr. Tenison: on: 53.
Isah: ver: 3:
   The Holy Sacrament follow'd at which I received:
   (\Pomeridiano\) at W.hall, before the Princesse of Denmark:  #
The
Bish: of St. (^Asaph^) Almoner: on: 12 Zech: 10: with exceeding
patheticalnesse:
   I returned home after this: sermon:
   The new King, much blamed for neglecting Ireland, now like   #
to
be ruined by the L. Tyrconnel, & his popish party; too strong   #
for
the Protestants; wonderfull uncertainty where King James was,
whether in France or Ireland: The Scotts seeme as yet to favor
King William, rejecting K James letter to them: yet declaring   #
nothing
positively: Souldiers in England, discontented: Parliament
preparing the Coronation Oath: Presbyterians & Dissenters       #
displeased
at the vote to preserve the protestant Religion as established
by Law; without mentioning what they were to have as to         #
Indulgence:
The Arch-Bishop of Cant, & the other 4: refusing to come
to Parliament, it was deliberated whether they should incurr    #
premunire:
but this was thought fit to be let fall, & connived at, for
feare of the people, to w[{h{]om these prelates were very       #
deare, for
their opposing poper[{y{] : Court Offices, distributed among    #
the Parliament
men: no Considerable fleete as yet set forth: in summe:
Things far from [{(the){] settlement was expected by reason     #
of the
slothfull sickly temper of the new King: and unmindfullnesse    #
of the
Parliament, as to Ireland, which is like to prove a sad         #
omission. The
Confederats, beate the French out of the Palatinate, which      #
they had
most barbarously ruined:
   31 Easter day: Our Viccar on 22 Matt: 29: The holy Communion
follow'd, at which I received. The Curate on 1. Cor: 15. ver:   #
56.57.
   Aprill 7: Having taken cold after some preventing physick:   #
I was
not at Church this day, to my greate sorrow:
   10 I went to Lond: was at the R. Society, where the very     #
ingenious
Mr. Waler brought in his Tables of knowing plants by a
peculiar method: There was an extraordinary greate scorpion,    #
sent
the Society out of Africa, whose Eyes were in his back, like to
spiders, but not so prominent: 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 927>
   (^July^) 6 I went to Lond: to heare Mr. Stringfellow preach  #
at 
St. James's Church as Dr. Tenison desired he would do, for      #
trial, 
whether his voice &c were fit for a Church he design'd him the  #
cure 
of upon my recommendation: But I went first in the morning to 
St. Martines, where the Doctor preached on: 10: (^Deut:^) 12.   #
13: The 
holy Sacrament followed of which I communicated: I dined at my 
Sons: Afternoone Mr. Stringfellow on 19 (^Act:^) 25: - & then   #
I returned 
home: 
   The whole Nation now exceedingly alarm'd by the French       #
fleete 
braving our Coast even to the very Thames mouth: our Fleete     #
commanded 
by debauched young men, & likewise inferior in force, 
giving way to the Enemy, to our exceeding reproch: God of his 
mercy defend this poore church & nation: [{(Hollanders fleete   #
beaten 
at sea:){] K: William in Ireland taking a passe, wounded in     #
the 
shoulder with a Cannon bullet: greate expectations from         #
thence:  
   13 Mr. Stringfellow preach[{ed{] at our Church both morning  #
& 
afternoone, very excellently, on : 1 (^Gen:^) 26: & 2d & 15th: 
   King William having vanquished K James in Ireland, there     #
was 
much publique rejoicing: It seemes K. J: army would not stand, 
namely the Irish, but the English Irish & French made greate 
resistance: Shomberg was slaine, and Dr. Wa[{l{]ker, who so     #
bravely 
defended L.derry: K.W: received a slight wound by the grazing   #
of 
a cannon bullet on his shouldier, which yet he endured with     #
very 
<P 928>
little interruption of his pursuit: Hamilton, who brake his     #
word, 
about Tyrconells, was taken: K.J. is reported gon back to       #
France: 
Droghedah & Dublin surrendered: and if K.W. be returning, one 
may say of him as of Caesar, (\Veni, vidi, vici\) , for never   #
was such a 
Kingdome won in so short an Expedition; But to alay much of     #
this 
the French fleete having exceedingly beaten the Dutch fleete,   #
& ours 
not daring to interpose, ride at present in our Chanell,        #
threatning 
to Land, which causes an extraordinary alarme &c: 
   16 The publique fast: our Viccar preached on 18 Jer: 7. 8: 
   17 I went to London to visite some friends in the Toure,     #
where 
asking for my Lord Clarendon (now with divers other Noble       #
persons 
imprisoned upon suspicion of a plot) by mistake they directed 
me to the E. of Torrington who about 3 days before had ben      #
sent for 
from the Fleete, was put into the Toure for his Cowardize and   #
not 
fighting the French Fleete, which having beaten a Squadron of   #
the 
Hollanders (whilst Torrington did nothing) did now ride         #
masters at 
sea with that power as gave terror to the whole nation, in      #
daily expectation 
of a descent, which God Almighty avert: 
   I returned in the Evening &c: 
   20 Our Viccar preached on 11: (^Heb:^) 7: In the afternoone  #
our 
Curate on [{(II. 1. (^Cor:^) 24){] : 
   Major Birch now quartered with his Regiment (newly come out  #
of 
Flanders) dined with me; & this [{afternoone{] began to incamp  #
on 
Black-heath: 
   I went this Evening to condole the Marq: de Ruvigny & his 
Mother, upon the death of his Brother, slaine in Ireland. 
   27. Our Viccar & Curate proceeded on their former Text. 
   30 I went to Lond: Dined with Mr. Pepys now suffered to      #
returne 
to his house in reguard of his Indisposition: I return'd home   #
calling 
in at the R. Society, where Mr. Hook read a discourse of the    #
cause 
of most hills & mountaines to be from subterranean eruptions    #
&c: 
   Aug: 1 Came the Duke of Grafton to visite me, going now to   #
his 
ship at the mouth of the River: [{(to transport him to Ireland  #
where 
he was slaine.){] 
   3 The Schole Master of Lewsham preached on 1 Joh: 2. 15:     #
The 
holy Sacrament follow'd of which my Wife & I were               #
participants, 
praised be God. 
<P 929>
   The Afternoone our Curat preached on his former Text; I was 
exceedingly drowsy: 
   The French domineering still at sea, landed some souldiers   #
at 
Tinmoth in Devon: & burned some poore houses:   
   10 Our Viccar on 3: (^Amos^) : 6:
   Afternoone Curate on 8. Joh:34:
   The K: William having taken in Waterford, Duncannon & other
places marches to Limrick, which Tyrconell seemes with 4000     #
french
&c to hold out; &c. The French F[{l{]eete still hovering about  #
the
Western Coast, (we having 300 saile of rich Merchant Ships in   #
the
bay of Plimoth,) our Fleete begin to move towards them under 3
Admiralls in Commission: The Country in the West all on their
Guard, A camp of about 4000 still on Blak-heath: The Germans
and especialy that in Flanders very strong waiting to give      #
battell to
the French who are this yeare on the defence; The Duke of       #
Savoy,
waites joyning with some German troopes to block up Catenate    #
the
Fr: Gen: there:
   [{(A very extraordinary fine season.){]
   12 So greate and long a storme of Thunder & lightning as had
seldome ben seene in these countries.
   13 I went to Lond: The season now much changed to wett &
cold:
   The French fleete returned to Brest & from our Coast, the    #
Militia
of the Trained Bands horse & foote which were up through out
England now dismiss'd:
   The French King having newes that King William was slaine,
and his Army defeated in Ireland, causes such a Triumph at      #
Paris & 
all over France, as was never heard of or almost read in any    #
history,
when in the midst of it, the unhappy K. James being vanquished,
brought himselfe (by a speedy flight & escape) the sad tidings  #
of his
owne defeate, to the greate reproch of the French who made such
unseasonable boasting:
   15 I was desired to be one of the Baile of the Earle of      #
Clarendon for
his Lordships release out of the Tower, with divers other       #
noblemen:
[{(Bishop of St. Asaph expounds his Prophesys to me & Mr.       #
Pepys
&c:){]
   16 I returned home:
<P 930>
   17 our Viccar proceeded on his former Text & subject:
   In the Afternoone, the Curate of Greenew[{i{]ch on: 7:       #
Matt: 21:
   Some greate designe in hand, by our preparation at Sea, now  #
the
Fr: fleete is gone home:
   Limrick not yet reduc'd: Our Camp at Blakheath marching to
Portsmouth.
   That Sweete & hopefull youth Sir Charles Tuke, (after hopes  #
of
his recovery) dead of the wounds he receiv'd in the fight       #
[{(of Boine){] ,
to the greate sorrow of all his friends, being (I think) the    #
last male of
that noble family: to which my wife is related: A more virtuous
young Gent: I never knew, he was learned for his age, having    #
had
the advantage of the choicest breading abroad, both as to Arts  #
&
Armes, had much Traveld; but was so unhappy to fall, in that    #
unhappy
side of an unfortunate King:
   24: Our Viccar & Curate proceeded on their former subject:
   25 I went to Lond: about my Concerne with Sir C: Porter:
   Limrick still holds out, we having received some losse       #
[{(very){] considerable
by the negligence of Sir W: Poultnys son, who was to
guard the Cannon: Galloway Entered by stratagem by the French
who quitted Limric:
   The weather very wett, & stormy, our Fleete at sea:
   30 I came home: Our Merchant ships came safe from Plimouth:
   31 Both Viccar & Curate proceeding on their former Texts.
   No news from the Armys in Germany, but some uncertaine       #
reports
of Catinates having worsted the D. of Savoy: nothing yet from
Ireland:
   September 7 Our Viccar & Curate still on the same Text: The
holy Sacrament followed of which I was partaker, the Lord make
me thankfull:
   Limrick proves yet a difficult piece; The unseasonable &     #
most
tempestuous season happning, the Naval expedition is hindred:   #
No
successe in Savoy, Catinates having (as reported) worsted the   #
Duke,
still in doubt:
   14 Our Viccar & curat proceede: Extremity of wet, cause the
siege to be raised before Limrick: so as K.W. Returnes to       #
England:
(\re infecta`\) as to that plan: Lord Sydne[{y{] &c left        #
chiefe governors
in that Kingdome as far as Conquered, which is neere three      #
parts:
<P 931>
   17 The publique fast, our Viccar preach'd on 13 Luke, 6 &c:
   An extraordinary cold sharp Easte Wind, part of our fleete   #
on
some extraordinary designe.
   21 Our Viccar preached on 3: (^Heb:^) 12:
   In the afternoone the Minister of Leusham at Greenew[{i{]ch  #
excellently
on: 1. Cor:10:12:
   The French Fleete againe on the Irish Coast: ours going to   #
meete 
them:
   28 Our Viccar on the same Text: & Curate on 9: Dan: 7.
   Octo: 5 Our Viccar on his former Text. The holy Communion
followed at which I rece[{i{]ved, the Lord make me mindfull & 
thankfull.
   Our Curate on 1 Cor: 15. 55. 56 ver:
   Corke surendred to K: Willia[{m's{] forces upon discretion,  #
the
Duke of Grafton desperately wounded &c:
   12 The Minister of Newington on 3: Phil:10: both Morning &
afternoon, very well:
   The French Generall, with Tyrconell & their forces gon back  #
to 
france, beaten out by K. William.
   Corke Delivered: upon discretion; The Duke of Grafton        #
mortaly
wounded: [{(dies){] Churchil: before Kingsale, [{(which he      #
takes,){] our
Ships (most of them) come into Harbor: The Parliament siting &
voting vast summs for the next yeares Warr: Tekelyes successe   #
in
Transylvania: The Swisse call a Dyet, press'd by the French:    #
The
Emperor Indiscreetely ingag'd by the Monks & Jesuites, to       #
pursue
the Warr against the Turks, neglected to make peace, whi[{l{]st
France still gaines on & Indangers the Empire, & has Swallowed 
Savoy:
   Very greate stormes of Wind:
   The 8th of this moneth my Lord Spencer writ me word from
Althorp out of N.hampton-shire that there happened an           #
Earthquake
the day before in the morning, which, tho short, sensibly       #
shook the
house: The like, & at the same very moment, (which was betweene
7 & 8 in the morning, viz, halfe an houre after 7:) the         #
Gazette of this
weeke aquainted us it so happned at Barnstable, Holy-head, &
Dublin in Ireland: we were not at all sensible of it at Lond:
   The Parliament voted the King 4 millions:
<P 932>
   19 was held a day of Thanksgiving for the successe of K.     #
Williams
armes, & his owne escape in Ireland &c:
   Our Viccar preached on 144. psal: (\ult:\)
   (\Pomeridia\) I went to the French Church at Greenewich      #
where a
young man preached on 123 psal 2. Advising to attend on & looke
up to God for deliverance, after all their sufferings, &        #
accknowledging
the succour God had so providentialy assisted & comforted them
with, by the Charity of the Nation, and favour of the King, all
of it greate arguments for their more than ordinary Gratitude,  #
&c:
I then tooke leave of the Marquis de Ruvigny and his Mother,
being myselfe leaving the Country to winter in London, with my
family:
   26 Our Viccar still on his former subject: 3. (^Heb:^) 12:   #
The weather
detain'd me at home in the afternoone:
   KingSale at last surrendred; meane while K. James party      #
burne
all they have in their power of houses, & amongst them that     #
stately
palace of the Lord (^Orories^) which lately cost as reported    #
40000
pounds: By a disastrous accident a 3d rate ship (the Breda)     #
firing
blew up & destroied all the passengers in which wer 25          #
prisoner of
War to set saile for England the very next day: Many excellent  #
ships
have we thus unfortunately lost this yeare beside aboundance    #
taken
by the Enemy:
   The Turks retake Belgrade by storme putting all to the       #
sword, &
repassing the bridge at Esseck, with the successe of Tekely,    #
threaten
a reverse of their hitherto unprosperousnesse, & this, as too   #
apparent
by the tretchery of the Jesuites, who hindred the Emperor to    #
make
a most advantagious peace, by which France would have ben       #
forc'd 
to abate of his so insolent progresse: poore Duke of Grafton,   #
who
came to take his leave of me, just as he imbarked for Ireland,  #
is now
dead of his wounds.
   29 I came up to Lond: (^Dover-streete^) with part of my      #
family, to
Winter with my son:
   31 My Birth-day, being now full 70 yeares of Age: Blessed    #
be the
Lord for the continuance of my health. & of all his mercies,    #
hitherto
hast thou brought me, To Thee alone be the accknowledgements
from my Soule & all that is within me, which thou has[{t{]      #
preserved:
Grant deare father the increase of thy Grace, with the yeares   #
of my
<P 933>
life, 'til in compassion thou bring me to the consummation of   #
Glory
in the life to come, Amen. 



<B CEAUTO3>
<Q E3 NN BIA FOX>
<N JOURNAL FOX>
<A FOX GEORGE>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR AUTO>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SPEECH-BASED>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FOX, GEORGE.
THE JOURNAL OF GEORGE FOX.
ED. N. PENNEY, WITH AN INTRODUCTION
BY T. E. HARVEY.
CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1911.
PP. 79.16  - 85.18  (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 151.12 - 159.2  (SAMPLE 2)^]

[^(1) INTERLINEATIONS BY CONTEMPORARY HANDS GIVEN IN 
BRACES IN THE EDITION ARE INDICATED BY THE CODE 'OUR
COMMENT'.

   (2) THE BRACKETS WHICH THE EDITOR GIVES TO INDICATE
THE WORDS OMITTED FROM ALL PREVIOUS EDITIONS ARE
OMITTED.^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 79>
   And then after many words with him I was had backe
to prison againe: & after a while I was brought uppe before
him againe to have sentence pronounced against mee & then
sentence was deferred till ye next day.
   And ye next day I was brought before him againe &
Mar: ffell [^THE LETTERS ell IN THE WORD ffell                  #
INTERLINEATED^] .
   And after hee had past sentence upon ye theifes then hee
askt mee what I had to say y=t= hee might not passe sentence
against mee.
   And I tolde him I had much to say if hee woulde but
have patiens to heare mee.
   And then hee laughed & set others a laughinge [^5 WORDS      #
FROM & TO laughinge INTERLINEATED^] & said
come what have you to say: hee can say nothinge.
   Yes said I: I have much to say have but thee patiens 
to heare mee.
   Then I askt him whether ye oath was to bee tendred to
ye kinges subjects or to ye subjects of foreigne princes.
   Then said hee to ye subjects of this realme.
   Then I said to him looke your Indictment & there you
may see you have left mee out as a subject: for ye oath is
to bee tendred to ye kinges subjects to see howe they
<P 80>
stande in pointe of their [^THE WORD their INTERLINEATED^]      #
loyalty to ye kinge & you
haveinge left out ye worde subject you have made mee
uncapable of takeinge [^THE WORD takeinge INTERLINEATED^] ye    #
oath: haveinge not named mee
as a subject: soe not in a capacity of takeinge it for thou
graunts It is not to bee tendred to any but ye kinges
subjects.
   And then they lookt ye statute: & ye Indictment &
saw it was as I said & hee confest it was an error.
   Then I said I had somethinge else to say to stoppe his
Judgement.
   Then I askt him what day of ye month ye oarth was
tendred to mee att ye sessions at Lancaster: & they said
such a day of ye month as you may see in ye relation at
large.
   Then I bid y=m= looke there Almanackes: & see whether
there was any sessions helde at Lancaster y=t= day which ye
Justices had sworne they tendred oath to mee on [^THE WORD on
INTERLINEATED^] .
   And when they had lookt they saw there was noe
sessions helde [^THE WORD helde INTERLINEATED^] y=t= day: nor   #
oath tendred to mee y=t= day: as
ye Justices had sworne in ye face of ye Country y=t= they had
tendred ye oath to mee such a day att ye sessions: whereas
there was noe sessions nor oath tendred to mee [^5 WORDS        #
FROM nor TO mee INTERLINEATED^] y=t= day.
   And ye Judge said y=t= was a great error & a mistake &
some of ye Justices was in a rage & said whoe has donne
this some body has donne it of purpose.
   Then said I: are not ye Justices heere forsworne men in
ye face of ye Country: & perjured persons.
   Then I askt y=m= what day & what yeere of ye Kinge [^3 WORDS #
FROM of TO Kinge INTERLINEATED^]
ye Assizes was helde in ye last Assises when they tendred ye
oath to mee: for hee swoare: ye Courte y=t= they had tendred
ye oath to mee such a yeere accordinge to ye Indictment &
they lookt ye Indictment & there Almanackes & saw y=t=
they had sworne a whole yeere false.
   Then they was in a rage againe & stampt: now said I:
is not ye Court heere: y=t= have sworne soe against mee:
perjurd persons & have not you false swearinge enough
heere: whoe putts ye oath to mee y=t= cannot sweare at all
because Christ forbidds it.
   Then I said I have somethinge else to say: to thee to
<P 81>
stoppe thy sentence: Whether all ye oath is to bee put
Into [^THE LETTERS to IN THE WORD Into INTERLINEATED^] ye       #
Indictment or noe [^THE WORDS or noe INTERLINEATED^] yes said   #
ye Judge all ought to bee putt in [^6 WORDS FROM all TO in      #
INTERLINEATED^] .
   Then said I: looke ye Indictment & ye oath: & there
you may see these wordes (viz) [^3 WORDS FROM these TO (viz)    #
INTERLINEATED^] a power pretended to bee
derived from Rome from ye Pope: left out: in ye Indictment
which is a principle matter in ye oath.
   And if I shoulde take ye oath accordinge to this Indictment
then I graunt y=t= a power may come from Rome &
take away ye kinges power.
   Then ye Judge acknowledged this was a nother great
error.
   Then I said I had somethinge farther to say to him to
stoppe his Judgement.
   Thou graunts all ye oath is to bee put Into ye Indictment
then reade ye Indictment againe [^THE WORD againe               #
INTERLINEATED^] & thou wilt see:
these words his heires & successors is left out for was not
ye oath given foorth In Kinge [^THE WORDE Kinge INTERLINEATED^] #
James Reigne: & was not
Kinge Charles ye first his heire & Kinge Charles ye seconde
there successor: & therfore you leaveinge out those words
his heires & successors you have left out ye kinge & his
father: & is not ye oath to bee taken to ye kinge: & howe
can I take ye oath to ye kinge when you have left him out
& soe made noe kinge of him & if I take this oath Itt must
bee to you: seeinge ye kinge is left out.
   Then ye Judge acknowledged this alsoe to bee an
error.
   Then I said I had yett somethinge farther: to alleage to
stoppe his sentence.
   Then said ye Judge I have enough: butt I said if thou
hast enough I desire nothinge but law & justice att thy
hands for I doe not looke for mercy.
   Then said ye Judge you must have Justice: Why then
said I am I att liberty & free from all y=t= ever hath beene
donne against mee in this matter: yes said ye Judge you
are free from all y=t= has beene donne against you [^11 WORDS   #
FROM you TO you INTERLINEATED^] : but said
ye Judge I can putt ye oath to any man heere: & I will
tander you ye oath againe.
   Thats a snare said I: which all people may take notice
of: for I ought to bee sett free from ye goaler: & this
Courte: if I am a free man: as thou says I ought to bee:
<P 82>
& yett thou tendrest ye oath before I am at [^THE WORD at       #
INTERLINEATED^] liberty but
thou ought to lett mee bee at liberty & then thou mightst
have donne thy will.
   But hee cryed give him ye booke: & ye sheriffe & ye
Justices cryed give him ye booke: & then ye power of darknesse
risse uppe in y=m= like a mountaine. And severall
Clarkes [^THE WORD Clarkes INTERLINEATED^] lift upp a bible     #
to me.
   And soe at last I standinge still: I said if it bee a bible
give it mee Into my hande: yes yes said ye Judge &
Justices give it to him Into his hande.
   And when I had it in my hande I looket Into it & said
I see it is a bible & I am glad of it.
   Then said I you have given mee a booke to kisse & to
sweare on: & ye book says kisse ye son & ye son says
sweare not att all: & likewise ye Apostle James.
   And as I was turneinge y=m= to [^THE WORD to INTERLINEATED^] #
ye places: & holdeinge
uppe ye bible & tellinge y=m= y=t= I said as ye booke said &    #
y=t=
Christ said yee shoulde not swear att all: I wondred ye
bible was at liberty & howe chance they did not Imprison
ye booke: for it & Christ forbidd swearinge & yee Imprison
mee because I cannot sweare: how chance ye booke is at
liberty amongst you: y=t= yee doe not Imprison ye book y=t=
forbidds to sweare as well as mee.
   Then they pluckt ye bible out of my hande: & this gott
abroade all over ye Country: as a by worde: y=t= ye bible
shoulde bee at liberty & I in prison: whoe said as ye book
said: whoe gave mee a booke to sweare on y=t= commanded
not to sweare at all.
   Then ye Judge caled ye grande Jury: & reade ye oath
againe to mee: & caled mee to say after ye Clarke: but I
tolde him I never [^THE WORD never INTERLINEATED^] tooke any    #
oath covenant nor engagement
in my life: & had they not sufficent experiens howe
men had sworne one way & then another way: & howe ye
Justices & ye Court had beene forsworne men & my loyalty 
to ye kinge lay in yea & nea which was more then an oath:
& if ye Judge or Justices coulde convince mee: y=t= after
Christ & ye Apostle [^3 WORDS FROM & TO Apostle INTERLINEATED^] #
had forbidden swearinge: y=t= they did
alter there command after y=t=: & commande men to sweare:
then shew it mee & convince mee of this & I woulde sweare.
   And there beinge a many preists there I said: if they
coulde not doe it: lett ye preists stande uppe & doe it: &
<P 83>
if they coulde not doe it lett ye bishopps come & doe it:
but never a one of ye preists made any aunswer.
   But at last: ye Judge said all ye worlde cannot convince
you.
   Then said I: ye whole worlde lyes in wickednesse bringe
out your spirituall men as you call y=m= to convince mee.
   Soe after: many more words: ye Judge bid ye goaler
take mee away.
   And M: ff: they praemunired & hee past sentence upon
her.
   And ye next day they brought mee againe before ye
same Judge: & there they reade a large Indictment against
mee & askt mee whether I was guilty or not.
   And I said att once hearinge over a paper att a great
distans from mee: I coulde not aunswer: but if they woulde
lett mee see it & give mee time to consider of it: I might
aunswer: att which they were at a stande.
   And at last they graunted mee time.
   Then I tolde y=m= I was not guilty of ye matter: &
manner but I shoulde traverse it: & soe they entred it.
   And many more words I had with ye Judge as may bee
seene att large.
   And soe they committed mee againe to close [^THE WORD close  #
INTERLINEATED^] prison:
& Coll Kirby gave order to ye goaler y=t= noe flesh alife must
come att mee for I was not fitt to bee discourst with by men.
   Soe I was putt uppe in a smoaky tower: where ye
smoake of ye other roomes came uppe & stood as a dew
upon ye walls: where it reined in alsoe upon my bed: & ye
smoake was soe thicke as I coulde hardely see a candle
sometimes & many times lockt under 3 lockes: & ye undergoaler
woulde hardely come uppe to unlock one of ye
upper doores ye smoake was soe thicke: y=t= I was almost
smothered with smoake & soe starved with colde & raine y=t=
my body was almost nummed & my body [^THE WORDS my body         #
INTERLINEATED^] swelled with ye
colde.
   And many times when I went to stoppe out ye raine of
mee: in ye colde winter season: my shift would bee as wett
as mucke: with raine y=t= came in upon mee: & as fast as I
stopt it ye winde beinge high & feirce would blow it out
again: & in this manner did I ly all y=t= longe cold winter     #
till
ye next assises.
<P 84>
   And when ye next Assises came Twisden & Turner came
doune again.
   And then Twisden sate upon ye crowne bench before
whome I was had.
   And I had Informed myselfe againe [^THE WORD againe          #
INTERLINEATED^] of ye errors y=t=
were [^THE WORDS y=t= were INTERLINEATED^] In this Indictment   #
alsoe though [^THE WORDS alsoe though INTERLINEATED^] att ye    #
assises before
Judge Turner said to ye Courte: I pray see y=t= all ye oath
bee in ye Indictment & y=t= [^THE WORD y=t= INTERLINEATED^] ye  #
worde subject & ye day of
ye month & ye yeere of ye Kinge bee in [^THE WORDS bee in       #
INTERLINEATED^] for it is a shame
y=t= soe many errors shoulde bee seene & founde in ye face
of ye country.   
   And soe when they reade this 2=d= Indictment & ye oath
hee tryed it & ye rest of y=m= & therfore they thought y=t= all
was safe & well.
   But they had made for all this as many errors: in this
Indictment as in ye other: & left out ye worde subiect &
ye day of ye month alsoe [^THE WORD alsoe INTERLINEATED^] .
    For when I was brought before Judge Twisden I askt
him whether ye oath was to bee tendred to [^THE WORD to         #
INTERLINEATED^] ye kinges
subjects or to ye subjects of foreigne princes & hee said to
ye subjects of this realme for I will speake nothinge to you
but in pointe of law sayde hee [^14 WORDS FROM for TO hee       #
INTERLINEATED^] .
   Then said I: looke to your Indictment & there you may
see they have left mee out as a subject in this 2=d= Indictment
& thou sayst It is not to bee tendred to foreign princes
subjects but to ye subjects of this realme.
   And accordinge to James ye 3=d=: It was to bee tendred
to ye kinges subjects: & in James ye 7=th= it was enacted:
& therfor you haveinge left mee out as a subject you have
made mee uncapeable of takeing ye oath & ye Court is to
take noe notice of it.
   Then cryed Twisden take him away goaler: soe I was
hurled away as may bee seen of these matters mor at large:
in ye followinge relation: & ye goaler & all people lookt
when I should bee brought out again but they never brought
mee foorth to ye Court any more.
   And in the errors: you may see they said ye oath was
putt to mee 5 days before ye first Indictment was quasht.
   And Insteade of sayinge ye oath was tendred to mee
at Lancaster in ye days of Kinge Charles: they said in ye
<P 85>
Indictment y=t= ye oath was putt to mee at Westminster in
ye days of Kinge James then & there by ye said Justices.
   Alsoe they mist ye day when it was tendred & left out
ye worde subject: & some words out of ye oath againe.
   But ye Judge woulde not lett mee plead to these later
errors.
   And hee had sworne ye Courte y=t= ye oath was putt to
mee ye last Assises there such a day: & had hee let mee
pleade to my Indictment I coulde have proved ye Courte
forsworne men againe: by there Almanackes & ye Indictment.
   But I hearde they had sent ye Indictment to London
to see if it woulde stande & they was Informed y=t= It
woulde not stande & soe they woulde not lett mee pleade
to it.
   Neverthelesse they reconed mee as a premunired person
& I grew through smotheringe in a Colde & smoakey prison
very weake but ye Lords power was over all. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 151>
   And after I had finished my service for ye Lord in
Irelande I came to Dublinn & tooke shippinge & came to
Liverpoole.
   1669 And when I came to Liverpoole I went to ye
maiors house whoe kept an Inn: & wee went Into his
parlor where was many officers & magistrates.
   And I walkt out againe & they caled in Ja: Lancaster
& askt whether y=t= was not G: ff: hee said yes: but y=t=
they had not power to medle with mee & after I had
stayde about a quarter of an houre in ye house wee went
about a mile out [^THE WORD out INTERLINEATED^] of ye tounde to #
a freindes house & stayde
a while & from thence wee went to Rich: Johnsons.
   And ye next day wee past to Will Barnes his house
& from thence to Will Gandys visitinge frendes & had
many pretious meetinges in Lancasheere & Chesheere & soe
from thence wee came to Tho: Hammersleys: & from thence
to White Haugh where a Captain threatned to come & break
uppe ye meetinge but ye Lords power stoppt him.
   And soe from thence wee past through ye Countryes
visitinge freindes in there meetinges till wee came to
Nailsworth in Glocestersheere: & there it was noised all
over ye Country: by ye presbyterians: y=t= G: ff: was
turned a presbyterian: & they prepared him a pulpitt
& sett it in a yarde & there woulde bee a 1000 people
they said y=t= woulde come to heare him [^6 WORDS FROM y=t=     #
TO him INTERLINEATED^] ye next day
beinge ye first day: then I said: this is strange y=t= such
a report shoulde bee of mee: & as wee came farther to
other frendes houses wee mett with ye same reporte.
   And then wee came farther where frendes meetinge
place was & there wee stayde all night & there was ye
<P 152>
same report alsoe: & wee came by ye yarde where wee
sawe ye pulpitt erected.
   And on ye next day beinge first day [^3 WORDS FROM beinge    #
TO day INTERLINEATED^] there was a very
large meetinge of many hundreds of people & ye Lords
power & presence was amongst us.
   And there was one Jo: ffox a presbyterian whose name
they gave out was G: ffox: a wicked man y=t= came to a
freindes house y=t= had beene one of ye Cheife of his hearers:
& hee said: hee woulde rather have lost all his hearers:
then to have lost them & him [^THE WORDS & him                  #
INTERLINEATED^] .
   But they tolde him they coulde not profitt under his
ministry & y=t= hee had walkt in ye stepps of ye false
prophetts preachinge for hire & filthy lucre: & they tolde
him y=t= times was harde: for there was a Company of
presbyterian preists whome a woman y=t= had ye Impropriation
of ye tyths of ye parish [^12 WORDS FROM a TO parish            #
INTERLINEATED^] askt councell of y=m= what to
doe against our frende [^3 WORDS FROM against TO frende         #
INTERLINEATED^] : seeinge shee as Impropriator
tooke ye tyths of ye parish: but this freinde had refused
to pay any: & soe shee askt there councell & advice what
to doe with him: & soe they gave councell to  her to sende
in reapers: & cutt doune & carry away all his corne which
shee did & undid this poore man.
   Then said this Jo: ffox: God blesse preachinge for y=t=
bringes in money: lett times goe howe they will: & fill my
belly with good [^THE WORD good INTERLINEATED^] victualls &     #
call mee false prophett or what
you will & kicke mee about ye house when you have donne:
& this relation I had from ye man & womans owne mouth
whoe lived neere Sedbury in Glocestersheere whome these
preists & this woman had served soe.
   And in ye afternoone ye people hearinge y=t= I was soe
neere: they haveinge hearde this Jo: ffox ye forenoone in
ye afternoone there came severall hundreds of his people:
to ye meetinge where I was: & I turned y=m= to ye grace of
God which woulde teach y=m= & bringe there salvation.
   And soe people generally saw & where ashamed of ye
forgery of ye presbyterians & ye Lords power & truth came
over all as you may se more at Large as followeth: A: B:.
[^11 WORDS FROM as TO B: INTERLINEATED^]
   And After I had cleered my selfe of ye Lords service y=t=
aways I past away & there was Tho: Atkins & his wiffe
whoe lived not farr off Naylesworth a shopkeeper: & they
<P 153>
tolde mee [^3 WORDS FROM they TO mee INTERLINEATED^] there was  #
a separate meetinge of ye presbyterians
& they tooke an oath of there people y=t= they shoulde neither
buy or sell or eate or drinke with freindes: & ye eminenest
woman amongst y=m= fell sicke & fell [^THE WORD fell            #
INTERLINEATED^] into [^THE LETTERS to IN THE WORD into          #
INTERLINEATED^] a benumbe [^THE LETTERS be IN THE WORD benumbe  #
INTERLINEATED^]
condition soe as shee could neither stirr hande or foote: &
all ye Doctors coulde doe her noe good.
   And att last there came two or three women to Tho:
Atkins wife into her shoppe pretendinge to by somethinge
of her [^THE WORDS of her INTERLINEATED^] & shee shewd y=m=     #
thinges they askt for [^3 WORDS FROM they TO for                #
INTERLINEATED^] & soe they
did confesse in discourse with her y=t= they had taken an
oath as aforesaid: but ye occation of there comeinge was
concerneinge this woman y=t= lay in y=t= misery to desire some
helpe & advice from her as to her recovery [^11 WORDS FROM      #
desire TO recovery INTERLINEATED^] : & shee askt
y=m= how they coulde dispense with there oath: & they said
they must bee forct to breake it.
   Soe Tho: Atkins wiffe tooke ye woman in hande & cured
her.
   And  soe ye Lord broake ye wicked bonds of ye presbyterians
asunder [^THE WORD asunder INTERLINEATED^] y=t= they had        #
ensnared  there people with.
   And much might bee written of these thinges.
   And from thence wee came through ye Country & had
many pretious meetinges till wee came to Bristoll where
I had many pretious meetinges when I came to Bristoll
this letter mett mee there from Jo: Stubbs in Ireland as
followeth [^17 WORDS FROM when TO followeth INTERLINEATED^] .
   And there Margarett ffell: & her daughters: & son in
laws mett mee: where wee was marryed.
   And before wee was marryed I was moved to write foorth
a paper to all ye meetinges in England both of men &
women [^5 WORDS FROM both TO women INTERLINEATED^] & elsewhere  #
for all meetinges of frendes which was
begotten to ye Lord was but as one meetinge to mee. 
   And I was moved to aske ye children whether they was
all satisfyed & whether Margarett had aunswered them [^THE WORD #
them INTERLINEATED^]
accordinge to her husbands will to her children shee beinge
a widdowe & if her husband had left any thinge to her for
ye assistans of her children: which if shee marryed they
might suffer losse therein whether shee had aunswered y=m=
in leiu of y=t= & all other thinges [^4 WORDS FROM & TO thinges #
INTERLINEATED^] .
   And ye children made aunswer & said: shee had
doubled it & woulde not have mee to speake of those
thinges.
<P 154>
   And soe when it had beene layde before severall
meetinges both of ye men & women: assembled togeather
for y=t= purpose [^11 WORDS FROM both TO purpose                #
INTERLINEATED^] & all was satisfyed there was a large
meetinge appointed of purpose: where there was severall
large testimonyes as followeth.
   After which I stayde in Bristoll about a weeke & then
past with Margarett Into ye Country: to Oldstone: where
Margarett past homewards towards ye North: & I past one
Into ye Country in ye worke of ye Lord Into Wiltsheere:
where I had many large & [^THE WORD & INTERLINEATED^] pretious  #
meetinges.
   And from thence I past Into Barkesheere: where I had
many large pretious meetinges & soe from thence till I came
Into Oxfordesheere & Buckinghamsheere where I had many
pretious meetinges all alonge till I came to London.
   And soe after I had stayde a while in London & visited
frendes & ye Lords power was over all: I past doune Into
Essex: & Hartfordesheere where I had many pretious
meetinges & from Hartfordesheere I passed Into Cambridgeshere 
& Huntingetonshere: & Leistersheere &
Warwickesheere & Darbysheere & soe through ye Countryes
visitinge freindes & had many large & pretious meetinges:
amongst y=m=. 
   And there was one Walter Newton a neighbor to my
relations whoe had beene an auncient puritan said unto mee
hee hearde I was marryed: & askt mee ye reason: & I tolde
him as a testimony y=t= all might come uppe Into ye mariage
as was in ye beginninge: & as a testimony y=t= all might
come uppe out of ye wildernesse to ye mariage of ye lamb.
   And hee said hee thought marriage was onely: for ye
procreation of children & I tolde him I never thought of
any such thinge but onely in obediens to ye power of ye
Lord: & I Judged such thinges as below mee: though
I saw such thinges & established Marriages but I lookt on
it as below mee: & though I saw such a thinge in ye seede:
yett I had noe commande to such a thinge till a halfe yeere
before though people had longe talkt of it: & there was
some Jumble in some mindes abut it but ye Lords power
came over all & layde all there [^THE WORD there                #
INTERLINEATED^] spiritts & some after
confest it [^5 WORDS FROM & TO it INTERLINEATED^] .
   And about this time whilst I was in Leistersheere this
Jo: ffox aforesaid: did preach in a steeplehouse sometimes
<P 155>
in Wiltsheere by leave of a common prayer preist & att
last hee & ye other preist aforesaid: fell out: & ye common
prayer booke was cutt to peices: & great tumult was in ye
steeplehouse betwixt ye presbyterians & ye Episcopall men.
   And the Episcopall men sent uppe to ye parlament:
& petitioned ye parlament against ye said Jo: ffox: but
Insteade of mentioninge his name: Jo: fox the presbyterians
gott his name changhed: & putt in George ffox ye quaker.
   And in there petion they mention y=t= ye people shoulde
cry: noe kinge but George ffox: & this was putt in ye
news booke y=t= was sent over all ye nation.
   But ffreindes gott a certificate under some of ye parlamente
mens handes as aforesaid to cleere George ffox: from
y=t= abuse: & how y=t= it was Jo: ffox: ye p(r)esbyterian       #
preist
& not G: ff: ye quaker.
   And ye p(r)esbyterians deceitfully woulde come & aske
ffreindes where was G: ffox now: & wee woulde have ye
parlament men to put ye certificate Into ye Gazette to
cleare mee but they woulde not: but ye Lords power came
over y=m= all: though from this grounde: some of ye members
in parlament tooke an occasion to move in ye parlament
[^THE WORD parlament INTERLINEATED^]
house for ye bringeinge foorth ye last act against
seditious conventicles as they caled it [^4 WORDS FROM as TO    #
it INTERLINEATED^] which after a litle
while came foorth.
   1670. And after [^THE WORD after INTERLINEATED^] I haveinge  #
beene in ye Country: as
I came uppe ye streetes in London ye drums beate: for
every householde to sende foorth a souldyer Into ye trained
bandes: to bee in readynesse: ye act beinge then come [^THE     #
WORD come INTERLINEATED^]
in force.
   And whilst I was in ye Country I hearde y=t= Margarett
was haled out of her house & carryed to Lancaster prison
againe an order beinge gotten: from ye kinge & concell: to
fetch her backe Into prison againe upon her olde praemunire:
though shee was deschardged from y=t= Imprisonement
by an order from ye kinge & his Councell ye yeere
before.
   And upon ye first day after ye act came in force
ffrendes mett as they used to doe in ye morninge [^3 WORDS FROM #
in TO morninge INTERLINEATED^] : wher
every minister declared there goeinge to ye severall meetinges
<P 156>
as they was moved: & frendes askt mee to what
meetinge I would goe: & I tolde y=m= Into ye high feildes to
Gratious streete meetinge.
   And this day all ye traine bands was uppe: & as I past
through ye streete to ye meetinge all ye street was full of
people And a guarde sett to ye meetinge house doore: to
keepe out ffreindes: & I went in ye other way: through
Lunbart street & there was another guarde sett & ye Curte
full of people.
   And a frende was speakinge but hee had sone ended: &
I was after moved of ye Lord: to stande upp on a doore
thresholde in ye Courte: & said: Saul Saul why persecutest
thou mee: it was harde for him to kick against ye prickes:
soe it was Sauls nature y=t= persecuted still: & y=t= it was ye
birth of ye flesh y=t= persecuted ye birth borne of ye spiritt
& Itt was ye nature of doggs to teare & devoure ye sheepe.
   And After I had spoaken a while to this effect [^3 WORDS     #
FROM to TO effect INTERLINEATED^] there
came an officer with a file of musketeers: & pulled mee
out: & this officer said I was ye man hee looket for: & hee
putt mee amongst his file of musketeers: & said hee must
carry mee to ye Lord maiors & when hee had mee in ye
streets: Tho: Lower: followed after mee & Ger. Roberts:
ye people cryed to y=m=: have a care off him hee is a princely
man: butt as wee came alongst ye streets to ye exchange:
& there they made a stande a while: & then they [^THE WORD they #
INTERLINEATED^] had
mee on towards Moorefeildes & as wee was goinge alongst
ye streets this officer was layinge his hande upon mee & at
last hee was askeinge Will Warwicke a question whome
ye Constable had taken prisoner ye same time alsoe [^THE WORD   #
alsoe INTERLINEATED^] how
one might know ye Scriptures: & William did not aunswer
him & I turned to him & said: by ye same spiritt y=t= they
was in y=t= gave y=m= foorth.
   Oh sayde hee this is a rationall man I will talke with
him: then said hee: where was all these new religions
abut 200 yeeres agoe: & y=t= it woulde never bee a good
worlde untill all people came to ye good olde [^THE WORDS good  #
olde INTERLINEATED^] religion y=t=
was: 200 yeeres agoe.
   What said I: to him art a papist: what a papist Informer
for 200 yeeres agoe there was noe other religion heere but
ye popish.
<P 157>
   And after hee saw y=t= hee had insnared himselfe hee was
vext: & as hee went alongst in ye streets I often spoake to
him & manifested his wickednesse: & when hee came Into
ye Lord maiors yarde there was severall people gott about
mee: & askt how & for what I was taken: soe I desired
y=m= to goe & aske ye Informer & know what his name was:
but hee would not tell his name but began to gnawe his
fingers ends: & then one of ye maiors officers lookeinge out
a window spoak to him & said hee should tell his name
before hee past out of y=t= house for ye Lord maior woulde
know by what authority hee Intruded himselfe with his
souldyers: Into ye execution of those lawes which belonged
to ye civill magistrate to execute & not to ye military &
for ought hee knew hee was come to Informe against his
Lord: as much as against any other.
   After which words hee was restlesse: till hee gott out:
& came to ye doore keeper to lett him foorth whoe was
caled unto not to lett him goe foorth till ye Lord maior
came but hee forceablely pulled open ye doore & went out &
one of ye officers caled to him & said have you brought
people heere & now will you goe away before ye Lord maior
comes yes said hee [^29 WORDS FROM & TO hee INTERLINEATED^] .
   And noe sooner: was hee come foorth Into ye streets
butt ye people made such a shoute y=t= ye streets runge with
ye noice & cryed a papist Informer a papist Informer &
fell upon him: & woulde have torne him in peices: soe we
caled to ye constable & souldyers: to rescue him out
of there handes which they did: & brought him Into ye
maiors entry: & kept him awhile & then hee went &
they shouted after hee came foorth againe & then they fell
upon him againe & then ye soldyers rescued him againe
[^37 WORDS FROM & TO againe INTERLINEATED^]
& gott him to change his periwigge: & then hee past away
towards Moorefeildes unknowne.
   Soe when ye Lord maior came home I was brought
before him: & some of ye officers of his house woulde have
taken off my hatt & [^3 WORDS FROM my TO & INTERLINEATED^]      #
ffrendes hatts: but hee caled to y=m=
& bid y=m= lett y=m= alone & not to medle with our hatts: for
sayd hee they are not brought yett before mee in Judicature.
   Soe hee caled some of ye p(r)esbyterian & Baptists
teachers before him & was somewhat sharpe with y=m= &
convicted y=m=.
<P 158>
   And after hee had donne with y=m= I was brought uppe
before him to the table: & then ye officers tooke of my hatt
& ye maior very loveingely said: M=r= ffox: you are an
eminent man amongst those of your profession: pray will
you bee Instrumentall to disswade y=m= from meetinge in
such great numbers: ffor seeing Christ hath promised y=t=
where two or three are mett in his name hee will bee in ye
midst of y=m= & ye Kinge & parlament [^THE WORDS & parlament    #
INTERLINEATED^] are grtiously pleased
to allow of foure to meete togeather: to worshippe God:
why will not you bee content to [^3 WORDS FROM bee TO to        #
INTERLINEATED^] pertake both of Christs
promise to two or three: & ye kinges Indulgens to
foure.
   Unto which I aunswered y=t=: if Christ had promised to
manifest his presence in ye midst of such an assembly where
but two or three were gathered: in his name: then how
much: more: to where two or three hundred are gathered
in his name: & would not this act have taken holde upon
Christ & his Apostles & disciples in there day: whoe often
mett togeather above y=t= number of foure whoe had 70 &
12 disciples which was a considerable number to which ye
maior said you speake to popular: then said I: is it not
true [^29 WORDS FROM of TO true INTERLINEATED^] .
   Then Tho: Moore said unto ye Lord maior: hee thought
y=t= was a mistake in sayinge y=t= ye kinge & parlament in
this act allowed of foure: for though: ye act takes holde
of all y=t= are mett togeather above y=t= number: yett it doth
not allow of foure: nor two: to meet togeather to worshippe
God in other manner then ye liturgy allowes: & though if
two three or foure soe mett togeather: are not punnishable
by this act: yett by severall other acts: they are: & therfore
there was noe allowans for any to meete togeather
to worshippe God: in any other manner then ye liturgy
allowes: which hee thought was very harde & unchristian
to which ye Lord maior replyed M=r= Moore I will talke
with you upon this subject another time. Then ye maior
said to Jo: Burnyeat: come said hee your countenans shewes
you have come lately from beyonde seas: & are some
Jesuite: but I said hee was neither Jesuite nor papist: but
<P 159>
an honnest Country man: as in ye folowinge paper may
bee seene more at large. [^49 WORDS FROM Then TO large
INTERLINEATED^]



<B CEBIO3>
<Q E3 NN BIO BURNETROC>
<N BIOGR ROCHESTER>
<A BURNET GILBERT>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T BIOGR OTHER>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BURNET, GILBERT.
SOME PASSAGES OF THE LIFE AND DEATH
OF THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOHN, EARL OF
ROCHESTER, WHO DIED THE 26TH OF JULY, 1680.
WRITTEN BY HIS OWN DIRECTION ON HIS
DEATH-BED, BY GILBERT BURNET, D. D.
LONDON, 1680. 
MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS,
1972 (FACSIMILE).
PP. 1.1   - 28.11   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 136.1 - 158.4   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1>
[}SOME
PASSAGES
OF THE 
LIFE AND DEATH
OF 
JOHN 
EARL OF ROCHESTER}]

   (^John Wilmot^) Earl of (^Rochester^) 
was born in (^April, Anno 
Dom.^) 1648. his father was 
(^Henry^) Earl of (^Rochester^) , but best 
known by the Title of the Lord 
<P 2>
(^Wilmot^) , who bore so great a 
part in all the late Wars, that 
mention is often made of him 
in the History: And had the 
chief share in the Honour of 
the preservation of His Majesty 
that now Reigns, after 
(^Worcester^) -Fight, and the Conveying 
Him from Place to 
Place, till he happily escaped 
into (^France^) : But dying before 
the King's Return, he left his 
Son little other Inheritance, 
but the Honour and Title derived 
to him, with the pretensions 
such eminent Services 
gave him to the King's Favour: 
These were carefully managed 
by the great prudence and discretion
of his Mother, a Daughter 
of that Noble and ancient 
Family of the (^St. Johns^) of (^Wiltshire^) , 
so that his Education was 
<P 3>
carried on all things sutably 
to his Quality.
   When he was at School he 
was an extraordinary Proficient 
at his Book: and those shining 
parts, which have since appeared 
with so much lustre; began 
then to shew themselves: He 
aqcuired the (^Latin^) to such perfection, 
that to his dying-day 
he retained a great rellish of the 
fineness and Beauty of that 
Tongue: and was exactly versed 
in the incomparable Authors 
that writ about (^Augustus's^) time, 
whom he read often with that 
peculiar delight which the 
greatest Wits have ever found 
in those Studies.
   When he went to the (^University^) 
the general Joy which 
over-ran the whole Nation 
upon his Majesties (^Restauration^) ,
<P 4>
but was not regulated with 
that Sobriety and Temperance, 
that became a serious gratitude 
to God for so great a Blessing, 
produced some of its ill effects 
on him: He began to love these 
disorders too much; His Tutor 
was that Eminent and Pious 
Divine Dr. (^Blandford^) , afterwards 
promoted to the Sees of (^Oxford^) 
and (^Worcester^) : And under his 
Inspection, he was committed 
to the more immediate care of 
Mr. (^Phineas Berry^) , a Fellow 
of (^Wadham^) -Colledge, a very 
learned and good natured man; 
whom he afterwards ever used 
with much respect, and rewarded 
him as became a great 
man. But the humour of that 
time wrought so much on him, 
that he broke off the Course of 
his Studies; to which no means 
<P 5>
could ever effectually recall 
him; till when he was in (^Italy^) 
his Governor, Dr. (^Balfour^) , a 
learned and worthy man, now 
a Celebrated Physitian in (^Scotland^) , 
his Native Country; drew 
him to read such Books, as were 
most likely to bring him back 
to love Learning and Study: 
and he often acknowledged to
me, in particular three days before 
his Death, how much he 
was obliged to Love and Honour 
this his Governour, to 
whom he thought he owed 
more than to all the World, 
next after his Parents, for his 
great Fidelity and Care of him, 
while he was under his trust. 
But no part of it affected him 
more sensibly, than that he engaged 
him by many tricks (so 
he expressed it) to delight in 
<P 6>
Books and reading; So that 
ever after he took occasion in 
the Intervals of those woful 
Extravagancies that consumed 
most of his time to read much: 
and though the time was generally 
but indifferently employed, 
for the choice of the Subjects 
of his Studies was not always 
good, yet the habitual 
Love of Knowledge together 
with these fits of study, had 
much awakened his Understanding, 
and prepared him for 
better things, when his mind 
should be so far changed as to 
rellish them.
   He came from his Travels in 
the 18th Year of his his Age, and 
appeared at Court with as great 
Advantages as most ever had. 
He was a Graceful and well
shaped Person, tall and well 
<P 7>
made, if not a little too slender: 
He was exactly well bred, and 
what by a modest behaviour 
natural to him, what by a Civility 
become almost as natural, 
his Conversation was easie and 
obliging. He had a strange Vivacity 
of thought, and vigour of 
expression: His Wit had a subtility 
and sublimity both, that 
were scarce imitable. His Style 
was clear and strong: When 
he used Figures they were very
lively, and yet far enough out 
of the Common Road: he had 
made himself Master of the 
Ancient and Modern Wit, and 
of the Modern (^French^) and 
(^Italian^) as well as the (^English^) . 
He loved to talk and write of 
Speculative Matters, and did it 
with so fine a thread, that even 
those who hated the Subjects 
<P 8>
that his Fancy ran upon, yet 
could not but be charmed with 
his way of treating them. 
(^Boileau^) among the (^French^) , and 
(^Cowley^) among the (^English^) Wits, 
were those he admired most. 
Sometimes other mens thoughts 
mixed with his Composures, 
but that flowed rather from the 
Impressions they made on him 
when he read them, by which 
they came to return upon him 
as his own thoughts; than that 
he servilely copied from any. 
For few men ever had a bolder 
flight of fancy, more steddily 
governed by Judgment than he 
had. No wonder a young man 
so made, and so improved was 
very acceptable in a Court.
   Soon after his coming thither 
he laid hold on the first Occasion 
that offered to shew his readiness 
<P 9>
to hazard his life in the 
Defence and Service of his 
Country. In (^Winter^) 1665. he 
went with the Earl of (^Sandwich^) 
to Sea, when he was sent to 
lie for the (^Dutch East-India 
Fleet^) ; and was in the (^Revenge^) , 
Commanded by Sir (^Thomas 
Tiddiman^) , when the Attack 
was made on the Port of (^Bergen^) 
in (^Norway^) , the (^Dutch^) ships having 
got into that (^Port^) . It 
was as desperate an Attempt as 
ever was made: during the 
whole Action, the Earl of (^Rochester^) 
shewed as brave and as 
resolute a Courage as was possible: 
a Person of Honour told 
me he heard the Lord (^Clifford^) , 
who was in the same Ship, often 
magnifie his Courage at that 
time very highly. Nor did 
the Rigours of the Season, the 
<P 10>
hardness of the Voyage, and 
the extream danger he had been 
in, deter him from running the 
like on the very next Occasion; 
For the (^Summer^) following he 
went to Sea again, without 
communicating his design to 
his nearest Relations. He went 
aboard the Ship Commanded 
by Sir (^Edward Spragge^) the day 
before the great Sea-fight of 
that Year: Almost all the Volunteers
that were in the same 
Ship were killed. Mr. (^Middleton^) 
(brother to Sir (^Hugh Middleton^) ) 
was shot in his Arms. During 
the Action, Sir (^Edward Spragge^) , 
not being satisfied with the behaviour 
of one of the Captains, 
could not easily find a Person 
that would chearfully venture 
through so much danger, to 
carry his Commands to that 
<P 11>
Captain. This Lord offered
himself to the Service; and 
went in a little Boat, through 
all the shot, and delivered his 
Message, and returned back to 
Sir (^Edward^) : which was much 
commended by all that saw it. 
He thought it necessary to begin 
his life with these Demonstrations 
of his Courage in an 
Element and way of fighting, 
which is acknowledged to be 
the greatest trial of clear and 
undaunted Valour.
   He had so entirely laid down 
the Intemperance that was 
growing on him before his Travels, 
that at his Return he 
hated nothing more. But falling 
into Company that loved 
these Excesses, he was, though 
not without difficulty, and by 
many steps, brought back to it 
<P 12>
again. And the natural heat 
of his fancy, being inflamed by 
Wine, made him so extravagantly 
pleasant, that many to be 
more diverted by that humor,
studied to engage him deeper 
and deeper in Intemperance: 
which at length did so entirely 
subdue him; that, as he told 
me, for five years together he 
was continually Drunk: not all 
the while under the visible effect 
of it, but his blood was so 
inflamed, that he was not in 
all that time cool enough to be 
perfectly Master of himself. 
This led him to say and do 
many wild and unaccountable 
things: By this, he said, he had 
broke the firm constitution 
of his Health, that seemed so 
strong, that nothing was too 
hard for it; and he had suffered 
<P 13>
so much in his Reputation, that 
he almost dispaired to recover 
it. There were two Principles 
in his natural temper, that being 
heighten'd by that heat carried 
him to great excesses: a violent 
love of Pleasure, and a disposition 
to extravagant Mirth. 
The one involved him in great 
sensuality: the other led him to 
many odd Adventures and 
Frollicks, in which he was oft 
in hazard of his life. The one 
being the same irregular appetite 
in his Mind, that the other 
was in his Body, which made 
him think nothing diverting 
that was not extravagant. And 
though in cold blood he was 
a generous and good natured 
man, yet he would go far in 
his heats, after any thing that 
might turn to a Jest or matter 
<P 14>
of Diversion: He said to me, 
He never improved his Interest 
at Court, to do a premeditate 
Mischief to other persons. Yet 
he laid out his Wit very freely 
in (^Libels^) and (^Satyrs^) , in which 
he had a peculiar Talent of mixing 
his Wit with his Malice, 
and fitting both with such apt 
words, that Men were tempted 
to be pleased with them: from 
thence his Composures came to 
be easily known, for few had 
such a way of tempering these 
together as he had; So that 
when any thing extraordinary 
that way came out, as a Child 
is fathered sometimes by its Resemblance, 
so was it laid at his 
Door as its Parent and 
Author.
   These Exercises in the course 
of his life were not always 
<P 15>
equally pleasant to him; he 
had often sad Intervals and severe 
Reflections on them: and 
though then he had not these 
awakened in him from any 
deep Principle of Religion, yet 
the horrour that Nature raised 
in him, especially in some Sicknesses, 
made him too easie to 
receive some ill Principles, 
which others endeavoured to 
possess him with; so that he 
was too soon brought to set 
himself to secure, and fortifie 
his Mind against that, by dispossessing 
it all he could of the 
belief or apprehensions of Religion. 
The Licentiousness of 
his temper, with the briskness of 
his Wit, disposed him to love 
the Conversation of those who 
divided their time between 
lewd Actions and irregular 
<P 16>
Mirth. And so he came to 
bend his Wit, and direct his 
Studies and Endeavours to support 
and strengthen these ill
Principles in himself and 
others.
   An accident fell out after this, 
which confirmed him more in 
these Courses: when he went 
to Sea in the Year 1665, there 
happened to be in the same 
Ship with him Mr. (^Mountague^) 
and another Gentleman of 
Quality, these two, the former 
especially, seemed perswaded 
that they should never return 
into (^England^) . Mr. (^Mountague^) 
said, He was sure of it: the 
other was not so positive. The 
Earl of (^Rochester^) , and the last 
of these, entred into a formal 
Engagement, not without Ceremonies 
of Religion, that if 
<P 17>
either of them died, he should 
appear, and give the other notice 
of the future State, if there 
was any. But Mr. (^Mountague^) 
would not enter into the Bond. 
When the day came that they 
thought to have taken the 
(^Dutch^) -Fleet in the Port of (^Bergen^) , 
Mr. (^Mountague^) though 
he had such a strong Presage in 
his Mind of his approaching 
death, yet he generously staid 
all the while in the place of 
greatest danger: The other 
Gentleman signalized his Courage 
in a most undaunted manner, 
till near the end of the 
Action; when he fell on a 
sudden into such a trembling 
that he could scarce stand; and 
Mr. (^Mountague^) going to him 
to hold him up, as they were 
in each others Arms, a Cannon 
<P 18>
Ball killed him outright, 
and carried away Mr. (^Mountague's^)
Belly, so that he died 
within an hour after. The 
Earl of (^Rochester^) told me that 
these Presages they had in their 
minds made some impression 
on him, that there were separated 
Beings: and that the Soul, 
either by a natural sagacity, or 
some secret Notice communicated 
to it, had a sort of Divination: 
But that Gentlemans 
never appearing was a great 
snare to him, during the rest 
of his life. Though when he 
told me this, he could not but 
acknowledge, it was as unreasonable 
thing for him, to think, 
that Beings in another State 
were not under such Laws and 
Limits, that they could not 
command their own motions, 
<P 19>
but as the Supream Power 
should order them: and that 
one who had so corrupted the 
Natural Principles of Truth, as 
he had, had no reason to expect 
that such an extraordinary 
thing should be done for his 
Conviction.
   He told me of another odd 
Presage that one had of his approaching 
Death in the Lady 
(^Warre^) , his Mother in Laws 
house: The Chaplain had 
dream't that such a day he 
should die, but being by all the 
Family put out of the belief of 
it, he had almost forgot it; till 
the Evening before at Supper, 
there being Thirteen at Table; 
according to a fond conceit 
that one of these must soon 
die, One of the young Ladies 
pointed to him, that he was to 
<P 20>
die. He remembering his Dream 
fell into some disorder and the 
Lady (^Warre^) reproving him for 
his Superstition, he said, He was 
confident he was to die before 
Morning, but he being in perfect 
health, it was not much 
minded. It was (^Saturday^) -Night, 
and he was to Preach 
next day. He went to his 
Chamber and sate up late, as 
appeared by the burning of his 
Candle, and he had been preparing 
his Notes for his Sermon, 
but was found dead in his 
Bed the next Morning: These 
things he said made him inclined 
to believe, the Soul was 
a substance distinct from matter: 
and this often returned into 
his thoughts. But that which 
perfected his perswasion about 
it, was, that in the Sickness 
<P 21>
which brought him so near 
death before I first knew him, 
when his Spirits were so low 
and spent, that he could not 
move nor stir, and he did not 
think to live an hour; He said, 
His Reason and Judgment were 
so clear and strong, that from 
thence he was fully perswaded 
that Death was not the spending 
or dissolution of the Soul; 
but only the separation of it 
from matter. He had in that 
Sickness great Remorses for his 
past Life, but he afterwards 
told me, They were rather general 
and dark Horrours, than 
any Convictions of sinning 
against God. He was sorry 
he had lived so as to wast his 
strength so soon, or that he had 
brought such an ill name upon 
himself, and had an Agony in 
<P 22>
his Mind about it, which he 
knew not well how to express: 
But at such times, though he 
complied with his Friends in 
suffering Divines to be sent for, 
he said, He had no great mind 
to it: and that it was but a piece 
of his breeding, to desire them 
to pray by him, in which he 
joyned little himself.
   As to the Supream Being, he 
had always some Impression of 
one: and professed often to 
me, That he had never known 
an entire (^Atheist^) , who fully believed 
there was no God. Yet 
when he explained his Notion 
of this Being, it amounted to 
no more than a vast power, 
that had none of the Attributes 
of Goodness or Justice, we 
ascribe to the Deity: These 
were his thoughts about Religion, 
<P 23>
as himself told me. For
Morality, he freely own'd to 
me, that though he talked of 
it, as a fine thing, yet this was
only because he thought it a
decent way of speaking, and 
that as they went always in 
Cloaths, though in their Frollicks 
they would have chosen 
sometimes to have gone naked, 
if they had not feared the people: 
So though some of them 
found it necessary for humane 
life to talk of Morality, yet he 
confessed they cared not for it, 
further than the reputation of 
it was necessary for their credit, 
and affairs: of which he gave 
me many Instances, as their 
professing and swearing Friendship, 
where they hated mortally; 
their Oaths and Imprecations 
in their Addresses to Women, 
<P 24>
which they intended never 
to make good; the pleasure 
they took in defaming innocent 
Persons, and spreading false
Reports of some, perhaps in 
Revenge, because they could 
not enage them to comply 
with their ill Designs: The 
delight they had in making people 
quarrel; their unjust usage 
of their Creditors, and putting 
them off by any deceitful Promise 
they could invent, that 
might deliver them from present 
Importunity. So that in 
detestation of these Courses he
would often break forth into 
such hard Expressions concerning 
himself as would be indecent 
for another to repeat.
   Such had been his Principles 
and Practices in a Course of 
many years which had almost 
<P 25>
quite extinguish't the natural 
Propensities in him to Justice 
and Vertue: He would often 
go into the Country, and be 
for some months wholly imployed 
in Study, or the Sallies 
of his Wit: Which he came 
to direct chiefly to (^Satyre^) . And 
this he often defended to me; 
by saying there were some people 
that could not be kept in 
Order, or admonished but in 
this way. I replied, That it 
might be granted that a grave 
way of (^Satyre^) was sometimes 
no improfitable way of Reproof. 
Yet they who used it 
only out of spite, and mixed 
Lyes with Truth, sparing nothing 
that might adorn their 
(^Poems^) , or gratifie their Revenge, 
could not excuse that 
way of Reproach, by which 
<P 26>
the Innocent often suffer: since 
the most malicious things, if 
wittily expressed, might stick 
to and blemish the best men in 
the World, and the malice of 
a Libel could hardly consist 
with the Charity of an Admonition. 
To this he answered, 
A man could not write with 
life, unless he were heated by 
Revenge: For to make a (^Satyre^) 
without Resentments, upon the 
cold Notions of (^Phylosophy^) , was 
as if a man would in cold blood, 
cut mens throats who had never 
offended him: And he said, 
The Lyes in these Libels came 
ofen in as Ornaments that 
could not be spared without 
spoiling the beauty of the 
(^Poem^) .
   For his other Studies, they 
were divided between the Comical 
<P 27>
and witty Writings of 
the Ancients and Moderns, the 
(^Roman^) Authors, and Books of 
Physick: which the ill state of 
health he was fallen into, made
more necessary to himself: and 
which qualifi'd him for an odd 
adventure, which I shall but 
just mention. Being under an 
unlucky Accident, which obliged 
him to keep out of the 
way; He disguised himself, so 
that his nearest Friends could 
not have known him, and set up 
in (^Tower-street^)  for an (^Italian 
Mountebank^) , where he practised
Physick for some Weeks not 
without success. In his later years, 
he read Books of History 
more. He took pleasure to disguise 
himself as a (^Porter^) , or as 
a (^Beggar^) ; sometimes to follow 
<P 28>
some mean Amours, which, for 
the variety of them, he affected; 
At other times, meerly for diversion, 
he would go about in 
odd shapes, in which he acted 
his part so naturally, that even 
those who were in the secret, 
and saw him in these shapes, 
could perceive nothing by 
which he might be 
discovered. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 136>
   He told me when I saw him, 
That he hoped I would come to 
him upon that general Insinuation 
of the desire he had of my 
Company; and he was loth to 
write more plainly: not knowing 
whether I could easily 
spare so much time. I told 
him, That on the other hand, 
I looked on it as a presumption 
to come so far, when he was in 
such excellent hands; and though 
perhaps the freedom formerly 
between us, might have excused 
it with those to whom it was 
known; yet it might have the 
appearance of so much Vanity, 
to such as were strangers to it; 
So that till I received his Letter, 
I did not think it convenient to 
come to him: And then not 
hearing that there was any 
danger of a sudden change, I 
<P 137>
delayed going to him till the 
Twentieth of (^July^) . At my 
coming to his House an accident 
fell out not worth mentioning, 
but that some have 
made a story of it. His Servant, 
being a (^French-man^) , carried 
up my Name wrong, so that he 
mistook it for another, who 
had sent to him, that he would 
undertake his Cure, and he being 
resolved not to meddle with 
him, did not care to see him: 
This mistake lasted some hours, 
with which I was better contented, 
because he was not then 
in such a condition that my 
being about him could have 
been of any use to him: for that 
Night was like to have been his 
last. He had a (^Convulsion-Fit^) , 
and raved; but, (^Opiates^) being 
given him, after some hours 
<P 138>
rest, his raving left him so entirely, 
that it never again returned 
to him.
   I cannot easily express the 
Transport he was in, when he 
awoke and saw me by him: He 
brake out in the tenderest Expressions 
concerning my kindness 
in coming so far to see (^such 
a One^) , using terms of great 
abhorrence concerning himself, 
which I forbear to relate. He 
told me, as his strength served 
him at several snatches, for he 
was then so low, that he could 
not hold up discourse long at 
once, what sense he had of his 
past life; what sad apprehension 
for having so offended his 
Maker, and dishonoured his 
Redeemer: What Horrours he 
had gone through, and how 
much his Mind was turned to 
<P 139>
call on God, and on his Crucified 
Saviour: So that he hoped 
he should obtain Mercy, for 
he believed he had sincerely 
repented; and had now a calm 
in his Mind after that storm 
that he had been in for some 
Weeks. He had strong Apprehensions 
and Perswasions of 
his admittance to Heaven: of 
which he spake once not without 
some extraordinary Emotion. 
It was indeed the only 
time that he spake with any 
great warmth to me: For his 
Spirits were then low, and so 
far spent, that though those 
about him told me, He had expressed
formerly great fervor 
in his Devotions; Yet Nature 
was so much sunk, that these 
were in a great measure fallen 
off. But he made me pray 
<P 140>
often with him; and spoke of 
his Conversion to God as a 
thing now grown up in him to 
a setled and calm serenity. He 
was very anxious to known my 
Opinion of a Death-Bed Repentance. 
I told him, That 
before I gave any Resolution in 
that, it would be convenient 
that I should be acquainted 
more particularly with the Circumstances 
and Progress of his 
Repentance.
   Upon this he satisfied me in 
many particulars. He said, He 
was now perswaded both of 
the truth of (^Christianity^) , and 
of the power of inward Grace, 
of which he gave me this 
strange account. He said, 
Mr. (^Parsons^) in order to his 
Conviction, read to him the 
53. (^Chapter^) of the Prophesie of 
<P 141>
(^Isaiah^) , and compared (^that^) with 
the History of our Saviour's
Passion, that he might there see 
a Prophesie concerning it, written 
many Ages before it was 
done; which the (^Jews^) that 
blasphemed Jesus Christ still 
kept in their hands, as a Book 
divinely inspired. He said to 
me, (^That as he heard it read, he 
felt an inward force upon him, 
which did so enlighten his Mind, 
and convince him, that he could 
resist it no longer: For the words 
had an authority which did shoot 
like Raies or Beams in his Mind; 
So that he was not only convinced 
by the Reasonings he had about 
it, which satisfied his Understanding, 
but by a power which did so 
effectually constrain him, that he 
did ever after as firmly believe in 
his Saviour, as if he had seen 
<P 142>
him in the Clouds^) . He had made 
it to be read so often to him, that 
he had got it by heart: and 
went through a great part of it 
in Discourse with me, with a 
sort of heavenly Pleasure, giving 
me his Reflections on it. Some 
few I remember, (^Who hath believed 
our Report^) ? (^Here^) , he said, 
(^was foretold the Opposition the 
Gospel was to meet with from such 
Wretches as he was. He hath no 
Form nor Comliness, and when we 
shall see Him, there is no beauty 
that we should desire him^) . On 
this he said, (^The meanness of his 
appearance and Person has made 
vain and foolish people disparage 
Him, because he came not in such 
a Fools-Coat as they delight in^) . 
What he said on the other parts 
I do not well remember: and 
indeed I was so affected with 
<P 143>
what he said then to me, that 
the general transport I was under 
during the whole Discourse, 
made me less capable to remember 
these Particulars, as I 
wish I had done.
   He told me, That he had 
thereupon received the Sacrament 
with great satisfaction 
and that was encreased by the 
pleasure he had in his Ladies 
receiving it with him: who 
had been for some years misled 
into the Communion of the 
Church of (^Rome^) , and he himself 
had been not a little Instrumental 
in procuring it, as 
he freely acknowledged. So 
that it was one of the joyfullest 
things that befel him in his 
Sickness, that he had seen that 
Mischief removed, in which 
he had so great a Hand: and
<P 144>
during his whole Sickness, he 
expressed so much tenderness 
and true kindness to his Lady, 
that as it easily defaced the remembrance 
of every thing 
wherein he had been in fault 
formerly, so it drew from her 
the most passionate care and 
concern for him that was possible: 
which indeed deserves a 
higher Character than is decent 
to give of a Person yet alive. But 
I shall confine my Discourse to 
the Dead.
   He told me, He had overcome 
all his Resentments to all 
the World; So that he bore ill 
will to no Person, nor hated 
any upon personal accounts. 
He had given a true state of his 
Debts, and had ordered to pay 
them all, as far as his Estate 
that was not setled, could go: 
<P 145>
and was confident that if all 
that was owing to him were 
paid to his Executors, his Creditors 
would be all satisfied. He 
said, He found his Mind now 
possessed with another sense of 
things than ever he had formerly: 
He did not repine under 
all his pain, and in one of the 
sharpest Fits he was under while 
I was with him; He said, (^He 
did willingly submit^) ; and looking 
up to Heaven, said, (^God's 
holy Will be done, I bless Him for 
all He does to me^) . He professed  
he was contented either to die 
or live, as should please God: 
And though it was a foolish 
thing for a man to pretend to 
choose, Whether he would die 
or live, yet he wished rather to 
die. He knew he could never 
be so well, that life should be 
<P 146>
comfortable to him. He was 
confident he should be happy 
if he died but he feared if he 
lived he might Relapse: And 
then said he to me, (^In what a 
condition shall I be, if I Relapse 
after all this? But^) , he said, (^he 
trusted in the Grace and Goodness 
of God, and was resolved to avoid 
all those Temptations, that Course 
of Life, and Company, that was 
likely to insnare him: and he 
desired to live on no other account, 
but that he might by the 
change of his Manners some way 
take off the high Scandal his former 
Behaviour had given^) . All 
these things at several times I 
had from him, besides some 
Messages which very well became 
a dying Penitent to some 
of his former Friends, and a 
Charge to publish any thing 
<P 147>
concerning him, that might be 
a mean to reclaim others. (^Praying 
God, that as his life had done 
much hurt, so his death might do 
some good.^)
   Having understood all these 
things from him, and being 
pressed to give him my Opinion 
plainly about his Eternal State; 
I told him, That though the 
Promises of the Gospel did all 
depend upon a real change of 
Heart and Life, as the indispensable 
condition upon which 
they were made; and that it 
was scarce possible to know certainly 
whether our Hearts are 
changed, unless it appeared in 
our lives; and  the Repentance 
of most dying men, being like 
the howlings of condemned 
Prisoners for Pardon, which 
flowed from no sense of their 
<P 148>
Crimes, but from the horrour 
of approaching Death; there 
was little reason to encourage 
any to hope much from such 
Sorrowing: Yet certainly if the 
Mind of a Sinner, even on a 
Death-Bed, be truly renewed 
and turned to God, so great is 
His Mercy, that He will receive 
him, even in that extremity. 
He said, (^He was sure his Mind was 
entirely turned and though Horrour 
had given him his first 
awaking, yet that was now grown 
up into a setled Faith and Conversion^) .
   There is but one prejudice 
lies against all this, to defeat 
the good Ends of Divine Providence 
by it upon others, as 
well as on himself: and that 
is that it was a part of his 
Disease, and that the lowness of 
<P 149>
his Spirits made such an alteration 
in him, that he was not 
what he had formerly been: 
and this some have carried so 
far as to say, That he died mad: 
These Reports are raised by 
those who are unwilling that 
the last Thoughts or Words of 
a Person, every way so extraordinary, 
should have any effect 
either on themselves or 
others: And it is to be fear'd, 
that some may have so far 
feared their Consciences, and 
exceeded the common Measures 
of Sin and Infidelity, that 
neither this Testimony, nor one 
coming from the Dead, would 
signifie much towards their 
Conviction. That this Lord 
was either mad or stupid, is a 
thing so notoriously untrue, 
that it is the greatest Impudence 
<P 150>
for any that were about him, 
to Report it; and a very unreasonable 
Credulity in others 
to believe it. All the while I 
was with him, after he had slept 
out the disorders of the Fit he 
was in the first Night, he was 
not only without Ravings; but 
had a clearness in his Thoughts, 
in his Memory, in his reflections 
on Things and Persons, far 
beyond what I ever saw in a 
Person so low in his strength. 
He was not able to hold out 
long in Discourse, for his Spirits 
failed: but once for half an 
hour, and often for a quarter of 
an hour, after he awakened, he 
had a Vivacity in his Discourse 
that was extraordinary, and in 
all things like himself. He called 
often for his Children, his 
Son the now Earl of (^Rochester^) , 
<P 151>
and his three Daughters, and 
spake to them with a sense and 
feeling that cannot be expressed 
in Writing. He called me once 
to look on them all, and said,
(^See how Good God has been to me, 
in giving me so many Blessings, 
and I have carried my self to Him 
like an ungracious and unthankful 
Dog^) . He once talked a great 
deal to me of Publick Affairs, 
and of many Persons and things, 
with the same clearness of 
thought and expression, that he 
had ever done before. So that 
by no sign, but his Weakness of 
Body, and giving over Discourse 
so soon, could I perceive 
a difference between what his 
Parts formerly were, and what 
they were then.
   And that wherein the presence 
of his Mind appeared 
<P 152>
most, was in the total change 
of an ill habit grown so much 
upon him, that he could hardly 
govern himself, when he was 
any ways heated, three Minutes 
without falling into it; I mean 
(^Swearing^) . He had acknowledged 
to me the former Winter, 
that he abhorred it as a base 
and indecent thing, and had 
set himself much to break it 
off: but he confessed that he 
was so over-power'd by that ill 
Custom, that he could not 
speak with any warmth, without 
repeated Oaths, which, 
upon any sort of provocation, 
came almost naturally from 
him: But in his last Remorses 
this did so sensibly affect him, 
that by a resolute and constant 
watchfulness, the habit of it 
was perfectly master'd; So that, 
<P 153>
upon the returns of pain which 
were very severe and frequent 
upon him, the last day I was 
with him; or upon such Displeasures 
as people sick or in 
pain are apt to take of a sudden 
at those about them; On all 
these Occasions he never swore 
an Oath all the while I was 
there.
   Once he was offended with 
the delay of one that he 
thought made not hast enough, 
with somewhat he called for, 
and said in a little heat, (^That 
damned Fellow^) : Soon after I 
told him, I was glad to find his 
Style so reformed, and that he 
had so entirely overcome that 
ill habit of Swearing; Only that 
word of calling any (^damned^) , 
which had returned upon him, 
was not decent. His Answer 
<P 154>
was: (^Oh that Language of Fiends, 
which was so familiar to me, hangs 
yet about me: Sure none has deserved 
more to be damned than I 
have done^) . And after he had 
humbly asked God Pardon for 
it, he desired me to call the Person 
to him, that he might ask 
him forgiveness: but I told him 
that was needless for he had said 
it of one that did not hear it, 
and so could not be offended 
by it.
   In this disposition of Mind 
did he continue all the while I 
was with him, four days together; 
He was then brought so 
low that all hope of Recovery 
was gone. Much purulent 
matter came from him with his 
Urine, which he passed always 
with some pain; But one day 
with unexpressible torment: 
<P 155>
Yet he bore it decently, without 
breaking out into Repinings, or 
impatient Complaints. He 
imagined he had a Stone in his 
Passage, but it being searched, 
none was found. The whole 
substance of his Body was 
drained by the Ulcer, and nothing 
was left but Skin and 
Bone: and by lying much on 
his Back, the parts there began 
to mortifie. But he had been 
formerly so low, that he seemed 
as much past all hopes of life as 
now; which made him one 
Morning after a full and sweet 
Nights rest, procured by (\Laudanum\) , 
given him without his 
knowledge, to fancy it was an 
effort of Nature, and to begin 
to entertain some hopes of Recovery:  
For he said, He felt 
himself perfectly well, and that he 
<P 156>
had nothing ailing him, but an 
extream weakness, which might 
go off in time: and then he entertained 
me with the Scheme 
he had laid down for the rest 
of his life, how retired, how 
strict, and how studious he intended 
to be: But this was soon 
over, for he quickly felt that it 
was only the effect of a good 
sleep, and that he was still in a 
very desperate state.
   I thought to have left him 
on (^Friday^) , but not without 
some Passion, he desired me to 
stay that day: there appeared 
no symptome of present death; 
and a Worthy Physitian then 
with him, told me, That though 
he was so low that an accident 
might carry him away on a 
suddain; Yet without that, he 
thought he might live yet 
<P 157>
some Weeks. So on (^Saturday^) , 
at Four of the Clock in the 
Morning I left him, being the 
24th of (^July^) . But I durst not 
take leave of him; for he had 
expressed so great an unwillingness 
to part with me the day 
before, that if I had not presently 
yielded to one days stay, 
it was like to have given him 
some trouble, therefore I 
thought it better to leave him 
without any Formality. Some 
hours after he asked for me, 
and when it was told him, I was 
gone, he seem'd to be troubled, 
and said, (^Has my friend left me, 
then I shall die shortly^) . After 
that he spake but once or 
twice till he died: He lay 
much silent: Once they heard 
him praying very devoutly. 
<P 158>
And on (^Monday^) about Two of 
the Clock in the Morning, he 
died, without any (^Convulsion^) , or 
so much as a groan.



<B CEFICT3A>
<Q E3 NI FICT PENNY>
<N PENNY MERRIMENTS>
<A X>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^TEXT:  PENNY MERRIMENTS.
SAMUEL PEPYS' PENNY MERRIMENTS.
ED. R. THOMPSON.
LONDON: CONSTABLE AND COMPANY LIMITED, 1976.
PP. 116.1 - 120.9   (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 147.1 - 152.7   (SAMPLE 2)
PP. 267.1 - 272.9   (SAMPLE 3)
PP. 156.1 - 161.14  (SAMPLE 4)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 116>
[}A PLEASANT DIALOGUE BETWIXT HONEST JOHN AND 
LOVING KATE. THE CONTRIVANCE OF THEIR MARRIAGE AND
WAY HOW TO LIVE. 1685.}]

 ... (^Jo.^) Be not angry my dear, if thou hast not a Smock to  #
thy back
I would have thee, but in knowing what each other hath, we      #
shall
know the better how to improve it, do thou the same by me.
(^Ka.^) Truly I have but ten pounds my father left me, and that
is in my Uncle Hodge's hands.
(^Jo.^) Tis sure I hope.
(^Ka.^) You need not doubt that, for he cannot keep it from me,
and five pound I have gathered since I came to service, besides
my Mistress owes me above half a years wages.
(^Jo.^) O what a happy man shall I be, what a good housewife    #
thou
hast been, thou hast good cloathes too.
(^Ka.^) They will serve.
(^Jo.^) Now Kate I will tell thee what I have, my father gave   #
me
ten pounds when I came from him, and told me as I did improve
that, he would give me more, and with my Masters leave, I have
imployed it in his Mault-house, and have encreased it; besides
my master doth owe me my wages ever since I came to him, he
would not let me have it for fear I should play the ill         #
husband,
and if I please him, I know he will give me something when I
marry, and so will thy Mistriss, will she not?
(^Ka.^) I hope so too.
(^Jo.^) Now for the best advantage, thy stock and mine          #
together,
will amount to something; and when we have concluded our
marriage day, ile try if my Master will let me have a little    #
house
and ground thou knowest hard by William Jacksons, that will
make a great house for us,
(^Ka.^) And a great Rent too, what should we do with such a     #
house,
one Room will serve our turn.
<P 117>
(^Jo.^) Ay to sleep in my dear.
(^Ka.^) But what trade do you intend to drive?
(^Jo.^) Give me leave and ile tell thee, and if thou wilt help  #
me a
little, it will be the better, for two heads are better than    #
one, we
must not take care only for sleeping places, but a place to get
mony in.
(^Ka.^) How, that pleases me well to be getting of Money, for I
love it dearly.
(^Jo.^) I have almost broke my Brains with studying &           #
contriving,
but now I think I have hit ont.
(^Ka.^) Tis long coming out.
(^Jo.^) If my master will let me have the house we will brue    #
good
Ale, and we will have mault of our own, for we'l keep a stock
going in my Master's Mault-house, with his leave, and there is
pasture enough to keep two beasts, and conveniences for hogs
and poultery, so thou mayest have all things about thee, and
keep a maid and live like a Lady.
(^Ka.^) This will be brave indeed John, but what shall we do    #
with
our Ale.
(^Jo.^) Sell it my sweet one; Let me see, there are eight       #
rooms in
the house besides the Cellar, and with a little painting and a  #
few
benches it will be very fine, & a handsome sign to draw in
company.
(^Ka.^) What shall that be.
(^Jo.^) The three fair maids, I think.
(^Ka.^) Not for a hundred pound I would not have such a sign.
(^Jo.^) Why prithee.
(^Ka.^) Why man they'd think surely we kept a bawdy house...

(^Ka.^) What shall be do for Clothes.
(^Jo.^) In troth Kate we will save that money, those that we    #
have
will serve very well.
(^Ka.^) I think so too.
(^Jo.^) Only I will have a hat & a Gold ring for thee.
(^Ka.^) Who shall we bid to our Wedding.
<P 118>
(^Jo.^) All who we can think of, the more the merrier.
(^Ka.^) What Musick shall we have.
(^Jo.^) We will have old Rowly and his company.
(^Ka.^) They will make a roaring noise.
(^Jo.^) And they will sing well too, to please the young        #
people;
why dost laugh, does the thought of it please thee.
(^Ka.^) I laugh to think how the young men will turn the Lasses
about in dancing, and how they will buss them, methinks I see
them already, but good Jack how shall I do to behave my self
at that time amongst so many; I shall be so ashamed I shant
know what to do.
(^Jo.^) Why priethee all people will adore thee that day, and I
shall be woundy proud of thee my Dear to see thee sit as a
Virgin-Bride, and I shall wait upon thee too that same day,
as it is my duty.
(^Ka.^) Is that the fashion.
(^Jo.^) Yes my dear, hast thou never observed it at weddings.
(^Ka.^) I shall observe my own the more, but you must not look
towards me, for then I shall laugh and that will shame me       #
quite.
(^Jo.^) No my dear a smile sometimes will do well they'l think
there's the more love.
(^Ka.^) Must I dance too.
(^Jo.^) Ay pretty one, every body will strive to dance with the
Bride.
(^Ka.^) Ide rather dance with thee John, than with them all.
(^Jo.^) So thou shalt my dear.
(^Ka.^) What Favours shall we give.
(^Jo.^) Red and blew I think.
(^Ka.^) They will look gloriously, but all this while who       #
shall 
lead us to Church.
(^Jo.^) Tom Sims, and Roger Blackwel shall lead thee, and Mary
Tomkins and Bess Ruglas shall lead me.
(^Ka.^) I shant be able to go along the street, the folk will   #
so
look at me.
<P 119>
(^Jo.^) No matter for their looking, 'ile warrant thee who ever
sees thee will wish her self in the same condition, who are not
married already.
(^Ka.^) Will they think you.
(^Jo.^) I faith i'l warrant you.
(^Ka.^) Who shall marry us.
(^Jo.^) M. Timson.
(^Ka.^) Oh dear he will keep such a do to have me speak out     #
that
I shant know what to do with my self.
(^Jo.^) Thou must not be ashamed my dear, for it is an honour   #
to 
be a bride.
(^Ka.^) Who shall be my Father to give me.
(^Jo.^) Thou mayest ask Jack Wheeler, but I know he had rather
had thee himself.
(^Ka.^) Oh fie no, I will not ask him, he will take it for an   #
affront,
I will rather ask old father Bandol for he us'd to call me      #
Daughter,
and he will take it kindly.
(^Jo.^) Do then.
(^Ka.^) Does it not make you ashamed to talk of these things.
(^Jo.^) No I promise thee, I am proud of it, and so art thou I 
believe, but that thou wilt not confess it.
(^Ka.^) I would it were once over.
(^Jo.^) So would I, i'd as live as a groat.
(^Ka.^) Who shall make the Sack Posset.
(^Jo.^) The Bride-maids will take care of that.
(^Ka.^) Good lack they will keep such a do when they come in to
eat it, and taking their leaves of us, and throwing the         #
stocking,
and one thing or other, that I shall wish them all far enough.
(^Jo.^) So shall I but we must lye the longer next morning.
(^Ka.^) But I forgot one thing, who shall dress me.
(^Jo.^) It is a thousand pities but thou shouldst marry, thou
thinkest of every thing so, the Bride-maids my dear will dress
thee.
<P 120>
(^Ka.^) Where shall we lye the next night.
(^Jo.^) In our own house that will be the best, and therefore   #
we
must furnish it before, and lay in some Ale, that we may be     #
able
to invite all the wedding people to drink with us, and then we 
shall have good handsel indeed, and we will also have a good
Gammon of Bacon, and that will make the drink go down merrily.
(^Ka.^) What maid shall we have?
(^Jo.^) We will have a lusty wench, who may be able to do our
work, for fourty shillings the year we may have one...


<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 147>
[}THE SECRET SINNERS:
OR,
A MOST PLEASANT DIALOGUE BETWEEN A QUAKER AND 
HIS MAID, AND HIS WIFE SARAH.}]

Enters the Quaker.
(^Quaker.^) I What a War is there even now, betwixt the Inward  #
and
the Outward Man! Satan, Satan, I say unto thee, avoid, by Yea
and by Nay, I charge thee tempt me not: Oh! how the Outward
Man prevails! and I can hold no longer; nay, the Light within
does say unto me, That Mary is a Sister, and that Gods Lambs
may play, so that they can but keep it secret from the Wicked;
therefore Satan, though I defie thee and all thy Works, yet     #
will
I go in unto Mary as I have said: Mary, why Mary, I say unto
thee Mary.
(^Mary.^) Here, here, thy Hand-man is even here.
(^Quak.^) Are all the Prophane departed as yet from our         #
Habitation?
is there none of the Wicked to observe us?
(^Ma.^) Yea, verily, they are departed, not one of the Children
of Perdition remain with us.
(^Quak.^) But as I have said unto thee, I again say unto thee,
where is thy Dame?
(^Ma.^) Even now departed to hold forth amongst the             #
Congregation
of the Righteous, in the full Assembly of the Righteous.
(^Qua.^) What to the Hill of Sion, that the wicked do           #
prophanely
call the Bull-and-Mouth?
(^Ma.^) Yea, verily; for having on the sudden a strong Impulse  #
by
the operation of the Spirit, she said unto me, Mary, and I      #
answered
I am here; whereupon she answered and said, she was going to
instruct our Friends.
<P 148>
(^Qua.^) Then Mary, I plainly say unto thee, sit thee down, by  #
yea
and nay I must Touze thee, ingeniously I must.
(^Ma.^) I fie, Master, fie; what is't ye do? the Saints ought   #
not to
defile each other, we shall lose our Credit among the           #
Prophaned;
nay, Master, why Master, O fie! wherefore is it you Kiss me so?
O if my Dame should know on't!
(^Qua.^) I say unto thee, fear not, fear not I say, thou art a  #
Sanctified
Sister, and one of the Infallible Congregation; and as for thy
Dame, I say she is departed; therefore Mary, again I say unto
thee, that the Spirit within does move me to refresh thee; I    #
burn,
I fry, and can forbear no longer.
(^Mary.^) Oh! Master, Master, I adjure thee, that thou          #
forbear, nay,
Master, Master, O Master!
(^Qua.^) By yea and by nay, I charge thee to take patiently the
refreshing of a Brother, when the inward Light says yea.
(^Ma.^) O fie! Hast not thee declared among the Brethren, that
it shall not be lawful for a Sister to defile her self?
(^Qua.^) Yea, with the prophaned I hold it is not Lawful, but   #
dost
thou conceive that Saints can play with each other? nay, for I
say unto thee, if thou dost not thou art not a Sanctified       #
Sister:
O the motion of the Spirit, how strongly it rises, nay, I must,
I must, and thou must not at this time say me nay.
(^Ma.^) O fie! take away thy hand, what is't thee dost? I say   #
unto
thee, nay, nay, I say unto thee nay; O let me alone, why dost
thee tempt me to go astray like one of the Wicked?
(^Quak.^) Thou canst not Err, therefore prepare thy Vessel to
receive the motions that approach unto thy Tabernacle.
(^Ma.^) Yea, now thy Wickedness is entred and has put out all   #
the
Light within, nay, now I am left in darkness, and thou mayest
proceed, now I swim in delight, O the happiness of us Saints
above the rest of the Wicked.
(^Q.^) Yea, Mary, thou hast even said, and now this first       #
refreshment
is over, let us wait another motion from the Light within
and till then, if thou shalt think fit, we will sing a Song of  #
Son.
<P 149>
(^Ma.^) Yea, verily, I would gladly bear a part with thee, but  #
that
I fear my Dame being out of breath with holding forth among
the Brethren, should return, and then if she find us on the     #
Bed,
she will verily conceive that we have gone astray, and Erred
from the Light.
(^Quak.^) I say unto thee, fear not, Mary, she knows we cannot
fall, nor will she conceive that a Sanctified Sister and a      #
zealous
Brother, can be wrought upon to act Carnally like the Wicked.
(^M.^) Then if it please thee to begin, thy Hand-maid shall     #
bear a
part, but be sure let it be such pure Language as is used among
our Friends when assembled at Bull-and-Mouth. 
(^Quak.^) Yea, Mary, it shall ...

(^Mary.^) I say unto thee forbear a while, by yea and nay I     #
hear a
noise, and I fear the Wicked are approaching.
(^Qua.^) As thou has said, I hear the same, and do forbear.

Sarah returning from holding forth,
speaks as she Enters.

(^Sarah.^) Why Mary, mary.
(^Mary.^) O Master Master, by and by, nay, 'tis my Dames voice,
whether shall I depart? where shall I run to hide myself from
Sarah? O how I tremble, I quake, I shake, now a fit of the      #
inward
man has seized me, nay, the Light does Whisper in my    and
saith unto me, that I have Wronged my Dame.
(^Quak.^) Yea, thou hast said, it is my Yoak-mates voice; but
fear not, Mary thou has not erred, step, step in there, step    #
in and
I shall declare unto her that thou, according to the Light, art
praying for a Holy Sister, whom one of the Prophaned caused
to go astray.
(^Ma.^) Yea, I shall step, but see, she's even now Administring
unto thee; alas, good Woman, quite out of breath with her loud
instructing our Friends, but I am safe, she cannot see me now.
(^Dame.^) Husband, Husband, I say unto thee, why hast thou
neglected to appear among the Brethren?
<P 150>
(^Qua.^) Sarah, I say unto thee, I have been staid by a         #
dispondancy,
even in the Outward man; O the War that it raises between the
Flesh and the Spirit! hadst thou even beheld what a Grumbling
the Outward man kept when the Light within prevailed against
him, by yea and by nay, thou wouldst have thought me all in a
Feavor, nay, he assaults me yet, O he rises, he rises, O how    #
strong
he prevails! the Light is half departed, and dost thou behold
again how he strugleth to take away the other part, and leave a
Brother in the Dark.
(^Dame.^) Yea verily, I do, and pitty thee; Satan, Satan, I say
unto thee, avoid; O Holy Man, he strives against the            #
temptations
of the Flesh, but where is Mary? O Mary, Mary.
(^Qua.^) Thine Hand-maid is even praying for a Sister that is 
lately gone astray.
(^Dame.^) What, with a Brother?
(^Qua.^) Nay.
(^Dame.^) With the Wicked.
(^Qua.^) Yea verily, thou hast said.
(^Dame.^) O Pious Mary, I say unto thee, come forth and         #
Administer
unto thy Master; O how the number of the Ungodly
increase? come forth I say.
(^Ma.^) Lo, thy Hand-maid is even here.
(^Dame.^) Look, look, I say, nay, again I say unto thee, look,  #
nay,
Administer as a Holy Sister ought unto thy Master, least the
Outward Man prevail against the Light, whilst I even go the
Congregation of the Brethren, and exhort them, nay, all our
friends, to pray for a falling Brother, that Satan may not      #
buffet
him.
(^M.^) Yea, yea, I shall administer according as thou hast      #
said.
(^Qua.^) O good Wife make haste, the Flesh grows stronger, I    #
say
unto thee again, make haste, nay, run, run unto the Brethren.
(^Dame.^) Yea, yea, I shall.
(She goes out.)
(^Qua.^) Now Mary I plainly say, thy Dame is again departed.
(^M.^) Yes, verily, thy Hand-maid doth see, and how easily good
Woman, she is deceiv'd by the working of the Inward man; nay,
Master, Master, 'tis enough, I dare not wrong my Dame too
much, reserve some refreshment for our Sister Sarah.
<P 151>
(^Qua.^) By yea and nay, I say unto thee Mary, by reason she    #
hath
kept all her Light within, and held none forth till now of      #
late,
it has dryed her up, nay, burnt her to a Charcole; and again I  #
say
unto thee, she is stricken in years, and regardeth not the      #
Flesh,
therefore Mary, I say I must, nay, I will, and if thou deniest  #
the
refreshing of a Brother, thou are not worthy to be called a     #
Sister.
(^M.^) Nay, I even see thou are resolved and I shall not at     #
this
time resist thy good motion, nay, thou mayest do if it shall so
please thee.
(^Qua.^) Yea, I shall.
(^Ma.^) But by yea and nay, if thine Hand-maid prove with       #
Child,
what must be done with the sanctified Babe?
(^Qua.^) I answer thee, I shall send it to some of our Friends  #
at
Clapham, there to be instructed by a Holy Sister, so that the
prophaned shall not be able to reproach our Congregation with
the same.
(^Ma.^) Then I plainly answer thee again, and say, that thine
Hand-maid shall as often as the Spirit moves, so that Sarah nor
none of the Wicked observe, prepare her Vessel to receive thy
refreshments: but now Sarah is returned from the Brethren, I
hear her voice and must be gone, or she will observe my rumpled
Handkerchief.
(^Qua.^) Yea, thou sayest well, but lay it by and here is       #
another,
depart not, I say depart not.
(^Dame.^) O Husband, Husband, pray how is it; is the Outward
man yet quiet? O had you heard the Brethren groan, and Holy
Sisters weep, when I speak, and said that you were fallen from
the Light.
(^Qua.^) Yea, verily they have prevailed, Satan is departed for
this time, and thou mayest thank thy Hand-maid too, for she,
like a pious Sister, has been very diligent since thy           #
departure.
(^Dame.^) Yea, I say unto thee, I shall thank her, O Mary, I    #
shall
ever commend thee for a sanctified Sister among our friends,
and not let all our mourning be turned into joy, yea, we will
sing a Hymn for joy the inward Man has wrastled and prevailed.
(^Qua.^) Yea, yea, Sarah; if thou wilt begin, I and thy Maid    #
will
bear our parts, in spight of all the Wicked ... 
<P 152>
(^Dame.^) Now let us part, and rejoyce with our Friends for the
Mastery, that the inward Light has obtained over the Carnal,
and that thou art not fallen like one of the Wicked.
(^Qua.^) Yea verily, as thou hast said, so it shall even come   #
to
pass; Come Mary, we will depart unto the Congregation of those
Saints that be of our Notions.
(^Ma.^) Yea, yea, let it even be so ...


<S SAMPLE 3>
<P 267>
[}TOM THE TAYLOR. 1684.}]
[}A MERRY DIALOGUE BETWEEN
TOM THE TAYLOR, AND HIS MAID JOAN.}]

(^Tom.^) Hark ye Joan, what a Clock is it? is not dinner ready  #
yet,
methinks I begin to be hungry?
(^Joan.^) Marry come up, be you hungry already? it is not yet
eleven a Clock, and instead of one half-penny Loaf, you have
eaten two; and instead of one pint of Ale, you have had a       #
quart,
and all this you have had to day already, I think the Devil is  #
in
your Guts, that I do.
(^Tom.^) Why how now Huswife, do you snap at me? do you
grudge me my Victuals? Pray Madam Joan, what is it to you how
much I eat and drink, do I not provide it? be it known to you
Joan, that your Mistris when she was living, would not have     #
said
so much to me poor Soul.
(^Joan.^) No truly Master, no more would not I if I was your    #
Wife,
but as I am your Maid, I am not bound to you, and therefore I
take the greater priviledge, but if you'd Marry me, I know      #
what 
I know.
(^Tom.^) Why, what do you know Joan? suppose I should Marry
thee:
(^Ione.^) Indeed Sir, I'de be the lovingest Wife that ever was
made of flesh and blood, i'le be so kind.
(^Tom.^) How kind wouldst thou be?
(^Ione.^) Ah master, so kind as my mistris us'd to be to you,   #
if not
kinder, you may remember Sir that in her days I us'e to lye in
the Truckle bed; O then master.
(^Tom.^) Why what then Jone.
(^Ione.^) Oh dear master, ask me no more questions, I dare talk
no more of those things, methinks I find strange alterations in
me already, strange motions, strange qualms, O how could I
<P 268>
stretch my self, but (alas) to what purpose poor Maid that I    #
am?
(^Tom.^) Well Jone, upon good terms, and upon good              #
considerations,
and upon divers causes moving me thereunto, I say Jone
I could find in my heart to make thee Mistriss of my household,
and Lady of my family, all which you know Ione is honour in
abundance, but first I say you must subscribe and consent to my
divers causes and considerations.
(^Ione.^) Pray master, what be those causes & considerations,   #
i'le
do any thing rather then lose my longing.
(^Tom.^) Why then in brief these they are. First, you shall     #
kiss my
hand and swear that you will acknowledge me to be your Lord
and Master.
(^Ione.^) I will Sir.
(^Tom.^) Secondly, when I come home drunk a nights, you shall   #
be
diligent to make me unready and get me to bed, and if I chance
to befoul my self, you are to make me clean without chiding me.
(^Ione.^) Why must I not keep a maid to do these things for me?
(^Tom.^) Yes, you must keep a Maid, but it is not fit she       #
should
know of her Masters privicies. I say you must do these things
your self.
(^Ione.^) Well if it must be so, it must.
(^Tom.^) Thirdly, if any Gentle Woman comes to have me take
measure of her, you must forthwith go out of the Room, and
leave us together and not be jealous.
(^Ione.^) All this I will observe.
(^Tom.^) Fourthly you must not let any man kiss you but your
Husband, but if any should offer any such thing to you, you     #
must
be sure to let me know what they say or do to you.
(^Ione.^) You shall be sure to know all Sir.
(^Tom.^) Fiftly and lastly, you must Promise not to spend nor 
waste your husbands Money nor Goods, and observe alwaies in
Cow-cumber-time, to put less meat in the Pot than at other      #
times,
because you know that then we have always a Bad Trade: And
one thing I had almost forgot, which is, that you shall be sure
<P 269>
every day once or twice in the day to muster the Flees and 
the Lice that have taken possession in our Bedding and wearing
Apparel: I say once again (and be sure you remember this last
Article of our agreement) you must destroy, kill, and slay them
all, if possible.
(^Ioan.^) If possible (as you say Master) I will, but i fear    #
they have
inhabited and dwelt with you so long, that now they will be
sturdy and begin to plead custome, but hoever I'le do my 
honest endeavour.
(^Tom.^) Well, do you consent to all these things, and will     #
you be
sure hereafter to observe and keep them all?
(^Ioan.^) I will Sir upon this condition, that you will grant   #
me two
things that I shall ask you.
(^Tom.^) Ay, ay, Joan, any thing I say, any thing, prithee      #
speak
quickly, for I begin to be in haste now.
(^Ioan.^) Thus it is then, First you shall give me leave to     #
chuse
what Maid-servant I please, and secondly, because you shall not
be jealous after marriage, I must let you know that I have a    #
young
man that is kin to me, he is my Cozen; this young man I say,    #
will
often come to see me, you shall not be jealous of him will ye?
(^Tom.^) No, no, Wench, God forbid that I should be against thy
Relations comming to see thee. No, no, I say, he shall be       #
welcome;
is this all you have to say Girl, prithee let's make an end of  #
this
Discourse, for I begin to be a little in haste.
(^Ioan.^) And so methinks am I, for I care not how soon I am
married, and afterward how soon I go to bed, nor afterward how
soon you.
(^Tom.^) Well, well honest Jone, I know thy meaning, come give
me thy hand, let us to Church and be married with speed but now
I think on't, what Church shall we go to Ione?
(^Jone.^) Why I think that Mr. Cornue had best to marry us,     #
for I
am well acquainted with him.
(^Tom.^) With all my heart, come on Girl.
<P 270>
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
(^Tom.^) Oh sad, how Drunk was I last night, I could hang my
self for being such a sot; especially the very first night      #
after I
was Married, and not to go to bed to my bride: well I must
make her amends to night for this great fault, in the mean time
i'le go and kiss her a little, perhaps that may stop her mouth
for the present. Why wife, why Jone, why wife Jone, Jone, I     #
say,
where art thou?
(^Nan.^) Who's that bawls and makes such a noise to disturb my 
Mistris this morning so early, poor woman, she has had very
little sleep this night.
(^Tom.^) What impudent Jades this that says I bawl in my own
house, Hussy who are you that speaks to me thus?
(^Nan.^) Why Sir, I am a Servant to the Gentlewoman of this
house.
(^Tom.^) Be you so, and pray how long have you been her         #
servant?
(^Nan.^) Ever since last night.
<P 271>
(^Tom.^) Have you so, then pray acknowledge me to be your
Master: where is your Mistris?
(^Nan.^) Where is she? why she is a bed, and just gone to       #
sleep,
if you be her Husband, you have almost broke her heart in not
comming to bed to her last night, especially being her          #
Wedding-night,
poor soul, she is like to have much good of you, is she
not do you think?
(^Tom.^) Prithee good Wench hold thy tongue, and do not thou
scold at me too, for I must expect a Lesson from her, and a
thundring one, for in faith I deserve it: good Nan go up to     #
her,
and acquaint her that I am awake, and would very fain come up
to her, and be reconciled to her again.
(^Nan.^) Well, stay you here, and I will go up stairs, and see  #
what
I can do with her, I'le do my best.
(^Ione.^) Who is that you are talking to below Nan, that there  #
was
such a noise among you?
(^Nan.^) Who do you think it was? why it was my Master, he says
he will come up to you and beg his pardon for being so drunk
last night therefore pray let the Parson make haste away out of
Bed if you love your own quiet.
(^Ione.^) Yes, yes, Nan, I'le send him away presently, in the   #
mean
time till he makes ready, prithee go down and keep thy master
in discourse.
(^Nan.^) Well forsooth, I go, but pray make haste.
(^Tom.^) Well wench, what says thy Mistris? is she willing to
forgive me my fault, and to let me go up Stairs to her.
(^Nan.^) You may presently, but not yet, for she is not awake,  #
and
being disturb'd, will be more froward.
[^VERSE OMITTED^]
(^Tom.^) Nay pray wife be not angry, i'le swear to thee wife    #
that
i'le make thee amends tonight.
(^Ione.^) You shall be hang'd first, but if ever you expect     #
that I
shall be friends with you, there must be two things granted.
<P 272>
(^Tom.^) Any thing good wife, good wife I say any thing.
(^Ione.^) Why then thus it is; you shall give me leave to make  #
void
all those promises I made you before marriage, and next that 
you shall not lye with me, nor desire to lye with me at any     #
time
but when I please.
(^Tom.^) This is something a hard Chapter I confess, but rather
then loose my wifes favour I will grant it, I will do any thing
to make her amends. I hope thou wilt not make me a Cuckold,
sweetheart, wilt thou?... 


<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q E3 NI FICT PENNY>
<N PENNY MERRIMENTS>
<A X>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z NARR IMAG>

<P 156>
[} [\V. JOKES AND JESTS.\] }]

[} [\CANTERBURY TALES. BY CHAUCER JUNIOR. 1687.\] }]

[}THE DEDICATION TO THE BAKERS, SMITHS, MILLERS, AND OTHER      #
READERS.}]
 
   You are presented here with a Choice Banquet of delightful
Tales, pleasant Stories, witty Jests, and merry Songs to divert
the young Men and Maids when they come to the Bake-house,
Forge or Mill; and by these you may encrease your Trade and
call Customers to you: for be sure the merry Lasses will go     #
where
they can be furnished with Tales, Stories and Jests; therefore  #
these
are as necessary for you as a fair Wife for a fine Tavern, a    #
young
Hostess for an old Inn, or a Gazet for a Coffee-House. It is    #
fitted
for all manner of Persons, therefore I hope you will all        #
furnish
your selves with it; for it will be a rare Companion for Old    #
and
Young upon many Occasions; especially at Christmas, Easter,
VVhitsontide, or long Winter Evenings over a Cup of             #
Nutbrown-Ale
and Lambs-wool. In a word, you will find it as
comfortable as Matrimony, or as sweet as a Maiden-head at
midnight, or a Sack-Posset at the latter end of a Fire, what
would you have more, the young Men and Maids may laugh till
their Lungs ake, and the old and melancholy, will find Dr.
Merryman the best Physitian. Farewel.

[} [\(2)\] }]

   An unlucky Boy in Canterbury, got a great many a Rams-horns
together in a Basket, went up and down the streets in           #
VVintertime;
<P 157>
crying, here's choice of new Fruit. At length, an ancient
Gentleman, that was Husband to a Beautiful young VVife,
ask'd to see them, which as soon as he had, he replyed, you     #
fool,
do you think I want Horns? no says the Boy, tho' you are        #
provided
yet I may meet with some body that is not: at which several
Spectators laught heartily.

[} [\(4)\] }]

   A Young Man and Maid living in Kent, being in Love together,
but Marriage deferr'd by their Friends, by reason of the        #
inequality
in the Maidens Portion: they resolved to steal some
private embraces, contrary to their Parents knowledge. And it
fell out, they met together at Canterbury, that being a place   #
pretty
far from home, and not much acquainted. There they took
Lodgings at a certain Inn: but the Man having some small
business in the City, fell into Company, and night approaching,
the young Maid waiting with patience, and no Lover came, ten a
clock strikes, up stairs she goes, admiring to the House, that
her pretended Husband did not come; desiring to have a little
Sack Posset, thinking he might eat some after his Journey. That
was made, brought up, and set on the Cupboards head with a
Candle lighted, she being tyred, goes to Bed and there waits    #
the
happy hour, of her Lovers coming: Now you must understand,
there comes a Bearheard, that had been newly landed in the
Downs, with three lusty Bears; which being late was plac'd in a
Stable-Room, just under the floor where the Lovers was to enjoy
themselves: but one of the Bears winding the Sack Posset;
begins to roar, when scratching the wall and finding it yield,
made a large hole just in the stair-case, gets through and up   #
stairs
he comes into the Chamber, where the Maid was then fallen
asleep; the Bear mounting his two fore-feet on the Cubbord, to
get to the Sack-Posset his claws hung so in the Cubbord-cloath
that he pulls down the Sack Posset, Candle and all, upon him
<P 158>
which noise awakened the young Maid, who thinking her Lover
was come, started up on a sudden, but seeing a hairy thing all  #
on
fire as the Bear was, by the Candles falling upon him: she hid  #
her
self under the Bed-cloaths, the Bear by rouling about, at       #
length
put out the fire on his back, and falls to licking up the       #
Posset;
which at length, so intoxicated his Brain, that being disposed  #
to
sleep, he leaps on the bed, and their lyes; the fright          #
whereof, 
caused our young VVoman to let fly behind. In the interim comes
in her Lover, who ascending the stairs, half fluster'd, falls   #
on the
Bed, hugging the Bear instead of his sweetheart; and begging    #
her
Pardon for his long stay: but he scented such a smell of bak'd,
boyl'd, stew'd and Roasted, that he knew not what to think of   #
it;
calling out, my Dear, my Dear, why doest not speak? when in
the midst of all this Freak, the Bearheard miss'd his Bear, and
looking for him, found the hole, where he had made his escape;
comes up stairs with a lighted Torch, and three or four         #
belonging
to the Inn, discovered the whole intrigue, to the no small      #
shame
of the two Amoretta's.

[} [\(5)\] }]

   At a Coffee-house in Canterbury, several Gentlemen were      #
together;
one was asking what news they heard from London, why
reply'd, another; there was forty thousand Men rose yesterday
morning, which made them all to wonder, and ask if he knew
for what, yes sayd he, only to goe to Bed when night came:      #
which
occasion'd a great laughter.

[} [\(6)\] }]

   In Canterbury, there was a Carpenter that had married a      #
handsome
young wife; and he had a Gentleman that had boarded with him,
that pretended to study Astrology; but no otherwise than to     #
gull
the Husband and lye with his VVife, who had promised him
that favour, if he could beguile the Carpenter. Now this        #
Gentleman
had a Rival, that had a months mind to have a lick at her
<P 159>
Honey-pot, but she hated him and loved her Boarder. It happened
that the Carpenter miss'd his Boarder upon a time, and          #
searching
about, found him in a Cock-loft, looking up toward the Skie:
what's the matter, quoth he? Oh says the Gentleman, I find by
Astrology that on Monday next at quarter-night, there will fall
such a Prodigious Rain that Noah's Flood was not half so great;
therefore get quickly three Bucking-Tubs that we may get into
them, and tye them to the top of the Garret, that we may save
our Lives: the Carpenter quak'd for fear, got three Tubs, and
at night, he and his wife and the boarder, climb a Ladder and
severally get in. After much sighing, the Carpenter falls       #
asleep,
and the Gentleman and the Landlady, merrily marches to their
intended business: but while they were at it, the Rival knocks  #
at
the door and entreats her to grant him a Kiss; now, said she to
the Boarder, you shall laugh your fill: my Dearest quoth she,
come close to the window, and I will be with you immediately:
the Rival wipes his mouth to receive the kiss. At length, she
opens the VVindow, and desires what he does to do quickly:
now the night was very dark, and she felt about till she found
him, and to tell the Tale neither better nor worse; he very
savourly kiss'd her bare Arse. The Rival cruelly vext; got a    #
red
hot iron, and comes again, tell her he had brought her a Ring,
provided she would give him another kiss; and the Boarder
thinking to encrease the sport, places his Arse out at the same
window; which his Rival did singe and burn, that he cried out,
water, water, water; at which, the poor Carpenter thinking that
Noah's Flood was come, starts on a sudden, out of the           #
Bucking-Tub,
fell upon the floor, broke his noddle, bepiss'd his Breeches;
and at length discovers all the intreague.

[} [\(7)\] }]

   A VVoman sitting with Fish in Canterbury Market, would       #
always
have a saying to Men when they came to buy any thing: As a
<P 160>
Man was cheapning her Fish, says she to him, as you intend to
have some of my Fish in your Belly, so I would fain have some
of your Flesh in my Belly; no says he, I can't spare my Flesh   #
to
such an ugly Puss as you: No, No, reply'd she, I did not mean
as you mean, I mean your nose in my Arse.

[} [\(11)\] }]

   A beautiful young Gentlewoman of Canterbury, being wedded
to an old Man in respect of his Riches, he being as full of     #
Ice,
as she of Fire, had a mind to try the difference between young
and old Flesh, shewed some Kindness more than ordinary to her
Serving-man; which he perceiving, lays hold of all              #
Opportunities
to address himself to her by way of Love; but she would not
yield to his Desire, unless he would contrive some way to
cornute her Husband in his presence and he not to believe it,
this caused the Serving-man to stretch his Invention upon the
Rack, who at last acquainted his Mistress that he had found an
Experiment to do it, provided she would when her Husband and
she was a walking in the Garden, pretend to Long for some
Fruit on some of the highest Trees, and to leave to him the
management of the rest, which accordingly she did: The old
Man calling his Man to ascend the Tree to gather the Fruit;
which, as soon as he had got up, cryed out with a loud Voice,
Master, Master, leave off for shame, I never in all my life     #
see so
unseemly an Action, for shame disengage your self from my
Mistress, or else some of the Neighbours will see you: the old
Man amazed at this Language, asked if the Fellow was mad, and
what he meant? O Sir, said the Man, the Tree is either          #
bewitched,
or else I cannot believe mine own Eyes; for I fancy I see you
upon my Mistress. Come down, come down, and let me get up
the Tree to know if, it seems so to me; the Fellow comes down
and the old Man gets up: in the Interim, the young Fellow fell  #
to
work with his Mistress, the old Man looks down and sees it,
<P 161>
cries out, in good Faith says he, it seems to me just as it     #
did to
you, for methinks I see you upon your Mistress as perfectly as  #
if
it was really so: the old Man gets down and thinks the Tree
bewitched; orders presently to be cut down, for fear it should
infect the rest. Thus was the old Man made a Cuckold to his
own Face and would not believe it.

[} [\15.\] }]

   A married Gentleman coming through Canterbury, his Horse
threw him, which a young Gentlewoman seeing, fell a laughing;
the Man being terribly vext that she should laugh at his fall,
angerly said, Madam, pray admire not at this, for my Horse      #
always
stumbles when he meets a Whore; she sharply reply'd, have a
care then Sir, you do not meet you Wife, for then you will
certainly break your neck.



<B CEFICT3B>
<Q E3 NI FICT BEHN>
<N OROONOKO>
<A BEHN APHRA>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T FICTION>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^BEHN, APHRA.
TEXT:  OROONOKO.
SHORTER NOVELS: SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.
ORNATUS & ARTESIA, OROONOKO, ISLE OF PINES, 
INCOGNITA.
ED. P. HENDERSON.
LONDON: J. M. DENT & SONS LTD.
AND NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO. INC., 1960.
PP. 155.16 - 162.14      (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 186.21 - 193.39      (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 155>
   (^Oroonoko^) coming from the wars (which were now
ended) after he had made his court to his grandfather,
he thought in honour he ought to make a visit to
(^Imoinda^) , the daughter of his foster-father, the dead
general; and to make some excuses to her, because
his preservation was the occasion of her father's death;
and to present her with those slaves that had been taken
in this last battle, as the trophies of her father's
victories. When he came, attended by all the young
soldiers of any merit, he was infinitely surpriz'd at the
beauty of this fair Queen of Night, whose face and
person was so exceeding all he had ever beheld, that
lovely modesty with which she receiv'd him, that
softness in her look and sighs, upon the melancholy
occasion of this honour that was done by so great a
man as (^Oroonoko^) , and a prince of whom she had heard
such admirable things; the awfulness wherewith she
receiv'd him, and the sweetness of her words and
behaviour while he stay'd, gain'd a perfect conquest
over his fierce heart, and made him feel, the victor
cou'd be subdu'd. So that having made his first compliments,
and presented her an hundred and fifty slaves
in fetters, he told her with his eyes, that he was not
insensible of her charms; while (^Imoinda^) , who wish'd
<P 156>
for nothing more than so glorious a conquest, was
pleas'd to believe, she understood that silent language
of new-born love; and, from that moment, put on all
her additions to beauty.
   The prince return'd to court with quite another
humour than before; and though he did not speak
much of the fair (^Imoinda^) , he had the pleasure to hear
all his followers speak of nothing but the charms of
that maid, insomuch that, even in the presence of the
old king, they were extolling her, and heightning, if
possible, the beauties they had found in her: so that
nothing else was talk'd of, no other sound was heard
in every corner where there were whisperers, but
(^Imoinda! Imoinda!^)
   'Twill be imagin'd (^Oroonoko^) stay'd not long before
he made his second visit; nor, considering his quality,
not much longer before he told her, he ador'd her. I
have often heard him say, that he admir'd by what
strange inspiration he came to talk things so soft, and
so passionate, who never knew love, nor was us'd to
the conversation of women; but (to use his own words)
he said, most happily, some new, and, till then, unknown
power instructed his heart and tongue in the
language of love, and at the same time, in favour of
him, inspir'd (^Imoinda^) with a sense of his passion. She
was touch'd with what he said, and return'd it all in
such answers as went to his very heart, with a pleasure
unknown before. Nor did he use those obligations ill,
that love had done him, but turn'd all his happy
moments to the best advantage; and as he knew no
vice, his flame aim'd at nothing but honour, if such
a distinction may be made in love; and especially in
that country, where men take to themselves as many
as they can maintain; and where the only crime and
sin with woman, is, to turn her off, to abandon her to
want, shame and misery: such ill morals are only practis'd
in Christian countries, where they prefer the bare
name of religion; and, without vertue or morality,
think that sufficient. But (^Oroonoko^) was none of those
<P 157>
professors; but as he had right notions of honour, so
he made her such propositions as were not only and
barely such; but, contrary to the custom of his country,
he made her vows, she shou'd be the only woman he
wou'd possess while he liv'd; that no age or wrinkles
shou'd encline him to change; for her soul wou'd be
always fine, and always young; and he shou'd have an
eternal idea in his mind of the charms she now bore;
and shou'd look into his heart for that idea, when he
cou'd find it no longer in her face.
   After a thousand assurances of his lasting flame,
and her eternal empire over him, she condescended to
receive him for her husband; or rather, receiv'd him,
as the greatest honour the gods cou'd do her.
   There is a certain ceremony in these cases to be
observ'd, which I forgot to ask how 'twas perform'd;
but 'twas concluded on both sides, that in obedience to
him, the grandfather was to be first made acquainted
with the design: For they pay a most absolute resignation
to the monarch, especially when he is a parent also.
   On the other side, the old king, who had many wives,
and many concubines, wanted not court-flatterers to
insinuate into his heart a thousand tender thoughts
for this young beauty; and who represented her to his
fancy, as the most charming he had ever possess'd
in all the long race of his numerous years. At this
character, his old heart, like an extinguish'd brand,
most apt to take fire, felt new sparks of love, and
began to kindle; and now grown to his second childhood,
long'd with impatience to behold this gay thing,
with whom, alas! he could but innocently play. But
how he shou'd be confirm'd she was this wonder, before
he us'd his power to call her to court, (where maidens
never came, unless for the king's private use) he was
next to consider; and while he was so doing, he had
intelligence brought him, that (^Imoinda^) was most certainly
mistress to the Prince (^Oroonoko^) . This gave him
some chagreen: however, it gave him also an opportunity,
one day, when the prince was a hunting, to wait
<P 158>
on a man of quality, as his slave and attendant, who
should go and make a present to (^Imoinda^) , as from the
prince; he should then, unknown, see this fair maid,
and have an opportunity to hear what message she
wou'd return the prince for his present, and from thence
gather the state of her heart, and degree of her inclination.
This was put in execution, and the old
monarch saw, and burn'd: He found her all he had
heard, and would not delay his happiness, but found
he should have some obstacle to overcome her heart;
for she express'd her sense of the present the prince
had sent her, in terms so sweet, so soft and pretty,
with an air of love and joy that cou'd not be dissembled,
insomuch that 'twas past doubt whether she
lov'd (^Oroonoko^) entirely. This gave the old king some
affliction; but he salv'd it with this, that the obedience
the people pay their king, was not at all inferiour to
what they paid their gods; and what love wou'd not
oblige (^Imoinda^) to do, duty wou'd compel her to.
   He was therefore no sooner got to his apartment,
but he sent the royal veil to (^Imoinda^) ; that is, the
ceremony of invitation: He sends the lady he has a
mind to honour with his bed, a veil, with which she is
cover'd, and secur'd for the king's use; and 'tis death
to disobey; besides, held a most impious disobedience.
   'Tis not to be imagin'd the surprize and grief that
seiz'd the lovely maid at this news and sight. However,
as delays in these cases are dangerous, and
pleading worse than treason; trembling, and almost
fainting, she was oblig'd to suffer her self to be cover'd,
and led away.
   They brought her thus to court; and the king, who
had caus'd a very rich bath to be prepar'd, was led
into it, where he sate under a canopy, in state, to
receive this long'd-for virgin; whom he having commanded
shou'd be brought to him, they (after disrobing
her) led her to the bath, and making fast the doors,
left her to descend. The king, without more courtship,
bad her throw off her mantle, and come to his
<P 159>
arms. But (^Imoinda^) , all in tears, threw her self on the
marble, on the brink of the bath, and besought him to
hear her. She told him, as she was a maid, how proud
of the divine glory she should have been, of having it
in her power to oblige her king; but as by the laws he
could not, and from his royal goodness would not take
from any man his wedded wife; so she believ'd she
shou'd be the occasion of making him commit a great
sin, if she did not reveal her state and condition;
and tell him, she was another's, and cou'd not be so
happy to be his.
   The king, enrag'd at this delay, hastily demanded
the name of the bold man, that had married a woman
of her degree, without his consent. (^Imoinda^) , seeing
his eyes fierce, and his hands tremble, (whether with
age or anger, I know not, but she fancy'd the last)
almost repented she had said so much, for now she
fear'd the storm wou'd fall on the prince; she therefore
said a thousand things to appease the raging of his
flame, and to prepare him to hear who it was with
calmness: but before she spoke, he imagin'd who she
meant, but wou'd not seem to do so, but commanded
her to lay aside her mantle, and suffer her self to receive
his caresses, or, by his gods he swore, that happy man
whom she was going to name shou'd die, though it were
even (^Oroonoko^) himself. (^Therefore^) (said he) (^deny this
marriage, and swear thy self a maid. That^) (reply'd
(^Imoinda^) ) (^by all our powers I do; for I am not yet known
to my husband. 'Tis enough^) (said the King;) (^'tis enough
both to satisfy my conscience, and my heart.^) And rising
from his seat, he went and led her into the bath; it
being in vain for her to resist.
   In this time, the prince, who was return'd from
hunting, went to visit his (^Imoinda^) , but found her gone;
and not only so, but heard she had receiv'd the royal
veil. This rais'd him to a storm; and in his madness,
they had much ado to save him from laying violent
hands on himself. Force first prevail'd, and then
reason: They urg'd all to him, that might oppose his
<P 160>
rage; but nothing weigh'd so greatly with him as the
king's old age, uncapable of injuring him with (^Imoinda^) .
He wou'd give way to that hope, because it pleas'd
him most, and flatter'd best his heart. Yet this serv'd
not altogether to make him cease his different passions,
which sometimes rag'd within him, and softned into
showers. 'Twas not enough to appease him, to tell
him, his grandfather was old, and cou'd not that way
injure him, while he retain'd that awful duty which
the young men are us'd there to pay to their grave
relations. He cou'd not be convinc'd he had no cause
to sigh and mourn for the loss of a mistress, he cou'd
not with all his strength and courage retrieve. And
he wou'd often cry, (^Oh, my friends! were she in wall'd
cities, or confin'd from me in fortifications of the greatest
strength; did inchantments or monsters detain her from
me; I wou'd venture through any hazard to free her:
But here, in the arms of a feeble old man, my youth,
my violent love, my trade in arms, and all my vast
desire of glory, avail me nothing^) . Imoinda (^is as           #
irrecoverably
lost to me, as if she were snatch'd by the cold
arms of death: Oh! she is never to be retriev'd. If I
wou'd wait tedious years, till fate shou'd bow the old
king to his grave, even that wou'd not leave me^) Imoinda
(^free; but still that custom that makes it so vile a crime
for a son to marry his father's wives or mistresses,
wou'd hinder my happiness; unless I wou'd either ignobly
set an ill precedent to my successors, or abandon my
country, and fly with her to some unknown world who
never heard our story.^)
   But it was objected to him, That his case was not
the same; for (^Imoinda^) being his lawful wife by solemn
contract, 'twas he was the injur'd man, and might, if
he so pleas'd, take (^Imoinda^) back, the breach of the
law being on his grandfather's side; and that if he
cou'd circumvent him, and redeem her from the (\otan\) ,
which is the Palace of the King's Women, a sort of
(\seraglio\) , it was both just and lawful for him so to do.
   This reasoning had some force upon him, and he
<P 161>
shou'd have been entirely comforted, but for the thought
that she was possess'd by his grandfather. However,
he lov'd so well, that he was resolv'd to believe what
most favour'd his hope, and to endeavour to learn
from (^Imoinda's^) own mouth, what only she cou'd satisfy
him in, whether she was robb'd of that blessing which
was only due to his faith and love. But as it was
very hard to get a sight of the women, (for no men
ever enter'd into the (\otan\) , but when the king went
to entertain himself with some one of his wives or
mistresses; and 'twas death, at any other time, for any
other to go in) so he knew not how to contrive to get
a sight of her.
   While (^Oroonoko^) felt all the agonies of love, and
suffer'd under a torment the most painful in the world,
the old king was not exempted from his share of
affliction. He was troubled, for having been forc'd,
by an irresistible passion, to rob his son of a treasure,
he knew, cou'd not but be extremely dear to him; since
she was the most beautiful that ever had been seen,
and had besides, all the sweetness and innocence of
youth and modesty, with a charm of wit surpassing
all. He found, that however she was forc'd to expose
her lovely person to his wither'd arms, she cou'd only
sigh and weep there, and think of (^Oroonoko^) ; and oftentimes
cou'd not forbear speaking of him, tho her life
were, by custom, forfeited by owning her passion. But
she spoke not of a lover only, but of a prince dear to
him to whom she spoke; and of the praises of a man,
who, till now, fill'd the old man's soul with joy at every
recital of his bravery, or even his name. And 'twas
this dotage on our young hero, that gave (^Imoinda^) a
thousand privileges to speak of him, without offending;
and this condescension in the old king, that made her
take the satisfaction of speaking of him so very often.
   Besides, he many times enquir'd how the prince bore
himself: And those of whom he ask'd, being entirely
slaves to the merits and vertues of the prince, still
answer'd what they thought conduc'd best to his
<P 162>
service; which was, to make the old king fancy that
the prince had no more interest in (^Imoinda^) , and had
resign'd her willingly to the pleasure of the king;
that he diverted himself with his mathematicians, his
fortifications, his officers and his hunting.
   This pleas'd the old lover, who fail'd not to report
these things again to (^Imoinda^) , that she might, by the
example of her young lover, withdraw her heart, and
rest better contented in his arms. But, however she
was forc'd to receive this unwelcome news, in all
appearance, with unconcern and content; her heart
was bursting within, and she was only happy when
she cou'd get alone, to vent her griefs and moans with
sighs and tears.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 186>
   For the future therefore I must call (^Oroonoko Caesar^) ,
since by that name only he was known in our western
world, and by that name he was received on shore at
(^Parham House^) , where he was destin'd a slave. But
if the king himself (God bless him) had come ashore,
there cou'd not have been greater expectation by all
the whole plantation, and those neighbouring ones,
than was on ours at that time; and he was received more
like a governour than a slave: notwithstanding, as the
custom was, they assigned him his portion of land,
his house and his business up in the plantation. But
as it was more for form, than any design to put
him to his task, he endured no more of the slave but
the name, and remain'd some days in the house,
receiving all visits that were made him, without
stirring towards that part of the plantation where
the negroes were.
   At last, he wou'd needs go view his land, his house,
and the business assign'd him. But he no sooner came
<P 187>
to the houses of the slaves, which are like a little town
by it self, the negroes all having left work, but they all
came forth to behold him, and found he was that
prince who had, at several times, sold most of 'em to
these parts; and from a veneration they pay to great
men, especially if they know 'em, and from the surprize
and awe they had at the sight of him, they all cast
themselves at his feet, crying out, in their language,
(^Live, O King! Long live, O King!^) and kissing his feet,
paid him even divine homage.
   Several (^English^) gentlemen were with him, and what
Mr. (^Trefry^) had told 'em was here confirm'd; of which
he himself before had no other witness than (^Caesar^)
himself: But he was infinitely glad to find his grandeur
confirmed by the adoration of all the slaves.
   (^Caesar^) troubled with their over-joy, and over-ceremony,
besought 'em to rise, and to receive him as
their fellow-slave; assuring them he was no better. At
which they set up with one accord a most terrible and
hideous mourning and condoling, which he and the
(^English^) had much ado to appease: but at last they
prevailed with 'em, and they prepared all their barbarous
musick, and every one kill'd and dress'd something
of his own stock (for every family has their land
apart, on which, at their leisure-times, they breed all
eatable things) and clubbing it together, made a most
magnificent supper, inviting their grandee captain,
their prince, to honour it with his precence; which he
did, and several (^English^) with him, where they all
waited on him, some playing, others dancing before
him all the time, according to the manners of their
several nations, and with unweary'd industry endeavouring
to please and delight him.
   While they sat at meat, Mr. (^Trefry^) told (^Caesar^) ,     #
that
most of these young slaves were undone in love with a
fine she-slave, whom they had had about six months
on their land; the prince, who never heard the name
of love without a sigh, nor any mention of it without
the curiosity of examining further into that tale, which
<P 188>
of all discourses was most agreeable to him, asked,
how they came to be so unhappy, as to be all undone
for one fair slave? (^Trefry^) , who was naturally amorous,
and lov'd to talk of love as well as any body, proceeded
to tell him, they had the most charming black
that ever was beheld on their plantation, about fifteen
or sixteen years old, as he guess'd; that for his part
he had done nothing but sigh for her ever since she
came; and that all the white beauties he had seen,
never charm'd him so absolutely as this fine creature
had done; and that no man, of any nation, ever beheld
her that did not fall in love with her; and that she had
all the slaves perpetually at her feet; and the whole
country resounded with the fame of (^Clemene^) , for so
(said he) we have christen'd her: but she denies us all
with such a noble disdain, that 'tis a miracle to see,
that she who can give such eternal desires, should her
self be all ice and all unconcern. She is adorn'd with
the most graceful modesty that ever beautify'd youth;
the softest sigher - that, if she were capable of love,
one would swear she languished for some absent happy
man; and so retired, as if she fear'd a rape even from
the god of day, or that the breezes wou'd steal kisses
from her delicate mouth. Her task of work, some
sighing lover every day makes it his petition to perform
for her; which she accepts blushing, and with
reluctancy, for fear he will ask her a look for a recompence,
which he dares not presume to hope; so great
an awe she strikes into the hearts of her admirers.
(^I do not wonder^) (reply'd the prince) (^that^) Clemene       #
(^should
refuse slaves, being, as you say, so beautiful; but wonder
how she escapes those that can entertain her as you can
do: or why, being your slave, you do not oblige her to
yield? I confess^) (said (^Trefry^) ) (^when I have, against    #
her
will, entertained her with love so long, as to be transported
with my passion even above decency, I have been ready
to make use of those advantages of strength and force
nature has given me: But oh! she disarms me with
that modesty and weeping, so tender and so moving, that
<P 189>
I retire, and thank my stars she overcame me.^) The
company laugh'd at his civility to a slave, and (^Caesar^)
only applauded the nobleness of his passion and nature,
since that slave might be noble, or, what was better,
have true notions of honour and vertue in her. Thus
passed they this night, after having received from the
slaves all imaginable respect and obedience.
   The next day, (^Trefry^) ask'd (^Caesar^) to walk when the   #
heat
was allay'd, and designedly carry'd him by the cottage
of the fair slave; and told him she whom he spoke of
last night lived there retir'd: (^But^) (says he) (^I would not
wish you to approach; for I am sure you will be in love
as soon as you behold her.^) (^Caesar^) assured him, he was
proof against all the charms of that sex; and that if
he imagined his heart could be so perfidious to love
again, after (^Imoinda^) , he believed he should tear it from
his bosom. They had no sooner spoke, but a little
shock-dog, that (^Clemene^) had presented her, which she
took great delight in, ran out; and she, not knowing
any body was there, ran to get it in again, and bolted
out on those who were just speaking of her: when
seeing them, she would have run in again, but (^Trefry^)
caught her by the hand, and cry'd, Clemene, (^however
you fly a lover, you ought to pay some respect to this
stranger^) , (pointing to (^Caesar^) .) But she, as if she had
resolved never to raise her eyes to the face of a man
again, bent 'em the more to the earth, when he spoke,
and gave the prince the leisure to look the more at her.
There needed no long gazing, or consideration, to examine
who this fair creature was; he soon saw (^Imoinda^)
all over her; in a minute he saw her face, her shape, her
air, her modesty, and all that call'd forth his soul with
joy at his eyes, and left his body destitute of almost
life: it stood without motion, and for a minute knew
not that it had a being; and, I believe, he had never
come to himself, so oppress'd he was with over-joy, if
he had not met with this allay, that he perceived
(^Imoinda^) fall dead in the hands of (^Trefry^) . This         #
awaken'd
him, and he ran to her aid, and caught her in his arms,
<P 190>
where by degrees she came to her self; and 'tis needless
to tell with what transports, what exstasies of joy,
they both awhile beheld each other, without speaking;
then snatched each other to their arms; then gaze
again, as if they still doubted whether they possess'd
the blessing they grasped: but when they recover'd
their speech, 'tis not to be imagined what tender things
they express'd to each other; wondring what strange
fate had brought them again together. They soon
inform'd each other of their fortunes, and equally bewail'd
their fate; but at the same time they mutually
protested, that even fetters and slavery were soft and
easy, and would be supported with joy and pleasure,
while they cou'd be so happy to possess each other, and
to be able to make good their vows. (^Caesar^) swore he
disdained the empire of the world, while he could
behold his (^Imoinda^) ; and she despised grandeur and
pomp, those vanities of her sex, when she could gaze
on (^Oroonoko^) . He ador'd the very cottage where she
resided, and said, That little inch of the world would
give him more happiness than all the universe cou'd
do; and she vow'd, it was a palace, while adorned with
the presence of (^Oroonoko^) .
   (^Trefry^) was infinitely pleased with this novel, and
found this (^Clemene^) was the fair mistress of whom (^Caesar^)
had before spoke; and was not a little satisfy'd, that
heaven was so kind to the prince as to sweeten his
misfortunes by so lucky an accident; and leaving the
lovers to themselves, was impatient to come down to
(^Parham House^) (which was on the same plantation) to
give me an account of what had hapned. I was as
impatient to make these lovers a visit, having already
made a friendship with (^Caesar^) , and from his own mouth
learned what I have related; which was confirmed by his
(^Frenchman^) , who was set on shore to seek his fortune,
and of whom they cou'd not make a slave, because a
Christian; and he came daily to (^Parham Hill^) to see
and pay his respects to his pupil prince. So that concerning
and interesting my self in all that related to
<P 191>
(^Caesar^) , whom I had assured of liberty as soon as the
governour arrived, I hasted presently to the place
where these lovers were, and was infinitely glad to
find this beautiful young slave (who had already gain'd
all our esteems, for her modesty and her extraordinary
prettiness) to be the same I had heard (^Caesar^) speak so
much of. One may imagine then we paid her a treble
respect; and tho from her being carved in fine flowers
and birds all over her body, we took her to be of
quality before, yet when we knew (^Clemene^) was (^Imoinda^) ,
we could not enough admire her.
   I had forgot to tell you, that those who are nobly
born of that country, are so delicately cut and raised
all over the fore-part of the trunk of their bodies that
it looks as if it were japan'd, the works being raised
like high point round the edges of the flowers. Some
are only carved with a little flower, or bird, at the
sides of the temples, as was (^Caesar^) ; and those who are
so carved over the body, resemble our antient (^Picts^)
that are figur'd in the chronicles, but these carvings
are more delicate.
   From that happy day (^Caesar^) took (^Clemene^) for his
wife, to the general joy of all people; and there was as
much magnificence as the country would afford at the
celebration of this wedding: and in a very short time
after she conceived with child, which made (^Caesar^) even
adore her, knowing he was the last of his great race.
This new accident made him more impatient of liberty,
and he was every day treating with (^Trefry^) for his and
(^Clemene's^) liberty and offer'd either gold, or a vast
quantity of slaves, which should be paid before they
let him go, provided he could have any security that
he should go when his ransom was paid. They fed
him from day to day with promises, and delay'd him
till the Lord-Governour should come; so that he began
to suspect them of falshood, and that they would
delay him till the time of his wife's delivery and make
a slave of that too: for all the breed is theirs to
whom the parents belong. This thought made him very
<P 192>
uneasy, and his sullenness gave them some jealousies
of him; so that I was obliged, by some persons who
fear'd a mutiny (which is very fatal sometimes in those
colonies that abound so with slaves, that they exceed
the whites in vast numbers) to discourse with (^Caesar^) ,
and to give him all the satisfaction I possibly could:
They knew he and (^Clemene^) were scarce an hour in a day
from my lodgings; that they eat with me, and that I
oblig'd 'em in all things I was capable of. I entertained
them with the loves of the (^Romans^) , and great men,
which charmed him to my company; and her, with
teaching her all the pretty works that I was mistress
of, and telling her stories of nuns, and endeavouring
to bring her to the knowledg of the true God: But of
all discourses, (^Caesar^) liked that the worst, and would
never be reconciled to our notions of the Trinity, of
which he ever made a jest; it was a riddle he said
would turn his brain to conceive, and one cou'd not
make him understand what faith was. However, these
conversations fail'd not altogether so well to divert
him, that he liked the company of us women much
above men, for he could not drink, and he is but
an ill companion in that country that cannot. So that
obliging him to love us very well, we had all the liberty
of speech with him, especially my self, whom he call'd
his great Mistress; and indeed my word would go a
great way with him. For these reasons I had opportunity
to take notice to him, that he was not well pleased
of late, as he used to be; was more retired and thoughtful;
and told him, I took it ill he shou'd suspect we
wou'd break our words with him, and not permit both
him and (^Clemene^) to return to his own kingdom, which
was not so long a way, but when he was once on his
voyage he wou'd quickly arrive there. He made me
some answers that shew'd a doubt in him, which made
me ask, what advantage it would be to doubt? It
would but give us a fear of him, and possibly compel
us to treat him so as I should be very loth to behold:
that is, it might occasion his confinement. Perhaps
<P 193>
this was not so luckily spoke of me, for I perceiv'd he
resented that word, which I strove to soften again in
vain: However, he assur'd me, that whatsoever resolutions
he should take, he would act nothing upon the
white people; and as for my self, and those upon that
plantation where he was, he would sooner forfeit his
eternal liberty, and life it self, than lift his hand
against his greatest enemy on that place. He besought
me to suffer no fears upon his account, for he could do
nothing that honour should not dictate; but he accus'd
himself for having suffer'd slavery so long: yet he
charg'd that weakness on love alone, who was capable
of making him neglect even glory it self; and, for which,
now he reproaches himself every moment of the day.
Much more to this effect he spoke, with an air impatient
enough to make me know he would not be long
in bondage; and though he suffer'd only the name of
a slave, and had nothing of the toil and labour of one,
yet that was sufficient to render him uneasy; and he had
been too long idle, who us'd to be always in action, and
in arms. He had a spirit all rough and fierce, and
that could not be tam'd to lazy rest; and though all
endeavours were us'd to exercise himself in such actions
and sports as this world afforded, as running, wrestling,
pitching the bar, hunting and fishing, chasing and
killing tygers of a monstrous size, which this continent
affords in abundance; and wonderful snakes, such as
(^Alexander^) is reported to have encounter'd at the river
of (^Amazons^) , and which (^Caesar^) took great delight to
overcome; yet these were not actions great enough
for his large soul, which was still panting after more
renown'd actions.
   Before I parted that day with him, I got, with much-ado,
a promise from him to rest yet a little longer with
patience, and wait the coming of the Lord Governour,
who was every day expected on our shore: he assur'd
me he would, and this promise he desired me to know
was given perfectly in complaisance to me, in whom he
had an intire confidence.



<B CEPLAY3A>
<Q E3 XX COME VANBR>
<N RELAPSE>
<A VANBRUGH JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DRAMA COMEDY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^VANBRUGH, JOHN.
TEXT:  THE RELAPSE.
THE COMPLETE WORKS OF SIR JOHN VANBRUGH,
VOL. I.
ED. B. DOBREE AND G. WEBB.
BLOOMSBURY: THE NONESUCH PRESS, 1927.
PP. 32.12 - 41.6    (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 57.12 - 64.43   (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P I,32>
[}ACT II. SCENE I.}]

( (^London. A Room in^) Loveless's (^Lodgings^) .)

(^Enter^) Loveless (^and^) Amanda.

(^Lov.^) How do you like these Lodgings, my Dear? For my part,  #
I am
so well pleas'd with 'em, I shall hardly remove whilst we stay
in Town, if you are satisfy'd.
(^Aman.^) I am satisfy'd with every thing that pleases you;     #
else I had not
come to Town at all.
(^Lov.^) O, a little of the noise and bussle of the World,      #
sweetens the
Pleasures of Retreat: We shall find the Charms of our           #
Retirement doubled,
when we return to it.
(^Aman.^) That pleasing Prospect will be my chiefest            #
Entertainment, whilst
(much against my Will) I am oblig'd to stand surrounded with    #
these empty
Pleasures, which 'tis so much the fashion to be fond of.
(^Lov.^) I own most of 'em are indeed but empty: nay so empty,  #
that one
wou'd wonder by what Magick Power they act, when they induce    #
us to
be vicious for their sakes.
   Yet some there are we may speak kindlier of: There are       #
Delights, (of
which a private Life is destitute) which may divert an honest   #
Man, and
be a harmless Entertainment to a virtuous Woman. The            #
Conversation of
the Town is one; and truly, (with some small Allowances) the    #
Plays, I
think, may be esteem'd another.
(^Aman.^) The Plays, I must confess, have some small Charms,    #
and wou'd
have more, wou'd they restrain that loose obscene               #
encouragement to Vice,
which shocks, if not the Virtue of some Women, at least the     #
Modesty of all.
<P I,33>
(^Lov.^) But till that Reformation can be made, I wou'd not     #
leave the
whol'some Corn, for some intruding Tares that grow amongst it.  #
Doubtless,
the Moral of a well-wrought Scene is of prevailing Force. -     #
Last
Night there happen'd one that mov'd me strangely.
(^Aman.^) Pray, what was that?
(^Lov.^) Why 'twas about - but 'tis not worth repeating.
(^Aman.^) Yes, pray let me know it.
(^Lov.^) No, I think 'tis as well let alone.
(^Aman.^) Nay, now you make me have a mind to know.
(^Lov.^) 'Twas a foolish thing: You'd perhaps grow jealous      #
shou'd I tell
it you, tho` without a cause Heaven knows.
(^Aman.^) I shall begin to think I have Cause, if you persist   #
in making it
a secret.
(^Lov.^) I'll then convince you, you have none by making it no  #
longer so.
Know then, I happen'd in the Play to find my very Character,    #
only with
the Addition of a (^Relapse^) ; which struck me so, I put a     #
suddain stop to
a most harmless Entertainment, which till then, diverted me     #
between the
Acts. 'Twas to admire the workmanship of Nature, in the Face    #
of a young
Lady, that sat some distance from me, she was so exquisitely    #
handsome.
(^Aman.^) So exquisitely handsome!
(^Lov.^) Why do you repeat my words, my Dear?
(^Aman.^) Because you seem'd to speak 'em with such pleasure,   #
I thought
I might oblige you with their Eccho.
(^Lov.^) Then you are allarmed, (^Amanda^) ?
(^Aman.^) It is my Duty to be so, when you are in danger.
(^Lov.^) You are too quick in apprehending for me; all will be  #
well when
you have heard me out.
   I do confess I gaz'd upon her; nay, eagerly I gaz'd upon     #
her.
(^Aman.^) Eagerly? That's with desire.
(^Lov.^) No, I desir'd her not; I view'd her with a world of    #
admiration,
but not one glance of Love.
(^Aman.^) Take heed of trusting to such nice Distinctions.
(^Lov.^) I did take heed; for observing in the Play, That he    #
who seem'd
to represent me there, was by an Accident like this, unwarily   #
surpriz'd
into a Net, in which he lay a poor intangl'd Slave, and         #
brought a Train
of mischiefs on his Head; I snatcht my Eyes away: they pleaded  #
hard
for leave to look again, but I grew absolute, and they obey'd.
(^Aman.^) Were they the only things that were Inquisitive? Had  #
I been
in your place, my Tongue, I fancy, had been curious too; I      #
shou'd have
ask'd her Name, and where she liv'd, (yet still without         #
Design:) - Who
was she, pray?
(^Lov.^) Indeed I cannot tell.
(^Aman.^) You will not tell.
<P I,34>
(^Lov.^) By all that's Sacred then, I did not ask.
(^Aman.^) Nor do you know what company was with her?
(^Lov.^) I do not.
(^Aman.^) Then I am calm again.
(^Lov.^) Why were you disturb'd?
(^Aman.^) Had I then no Cause? 
(^Lov.^) None certainly.
(^Aman.^) I thought I had.
(^Lov.^) But you thought wrong, (^Amanda^) ; For turn the       #
Case, and let it
be your Story: shou'd you come home and tell me you had seen a  #
handsome
Man, shou'd I grow jealous, because you had Eyes?
(^Aman.^) But shou'd I tell you, he were exquisitely so: That   #
I had gaz'd
on him with Admiration: That I had look'd with eager Eyes upon  #
him,
shou'd you not think 'twere possible I might go one step        #
farther, and
enquire his Name?
(^Lov.^)
( (^aside^) )
She has Reason on her side: I have talk'd too much: But
I must turn it off another way.
( (^To Aman.^) )
Will you then make no difference, (^Amanda^) , between the
Language of our Sex and yours? There is a Modesty restrains     #
your
Tongues, which makes you speak by halves when you commend; but
roving Flattery gives a loose to ours, which makes us still     #
speak double
what we think: You shou'd not therefore, in so strict a sense,  #
take what
I said to her Advantage.
(^Aman.^) Those flights of Flattery, Sir, are to our Faces      #
only: When
Women once are out of hearing, you are as modest in your        #
Commendations
as we are. But I shan't put you to the trouble of farther       #
Excuses,
if you please this Business shall rest here. Only give me       #
leave to wish
both for your Peace and mine, that you may never meet this      #
Miracle of
Beauty more.
(^Lov.^) I am content.

(^Enter Servant.^)

(^Serv.^) Madam, there's a young Lady at the Door in a Chair,   #
desires to
know whether your Ladyship sees Company. I think her Name is    #
(^Berinthia^) .
(^Aman.^) O dear! 'tis a Relation I have not seen this five     #
Years. Pray
her to walk in.
( (^Exit Servant.
To Lov.^) )
Here's another Beauty for you. She was young when I saw
her last; but I hear she's grown extremely handsome.
(^Lov.^) Don't you be jealous now; for I shall gaze upon her    #
too.

(^Enter^) Berinthia.

(^Lov.^)
( (^aside^) )
Ha! By Heavens the very Woman.
(^Ber.^)
( (^saluting Aman.^) )
Dear (^Amanda^) , I did not expect to meet with you
in Town.
<P I,35>
(^Aman.^) Sweet Cousin, I'm over-joy'd to see you.
( (^To Lov.^) )
Mr. (^Loveless^) ,
here's a Relation and a Friend of mine, I desire you'll be      #
better
acquainted with.
(^Lov.^)
( (^saluting Ber.^) )
If my Wife never desires a harder thing, Madam,
her Request will be easily granted.
(^Ber.^)
( (^to Aman.^) )
I think, Madam, I ought to wish you Joy.
(^Aman.^) Joy! Upon what?
(^Ber.^) Upon your Marriage: You were a Widow when I saw you    #
last.
(^Lov.^) You ought rather, Madam, to wish me Joy upon that,     #
since I am
the only Gainer.
(^Ber.^) If she has got so good a Husband as the World          #
reports, she has    
gain'd enough to expect the Complements of her Friends upon it.
(^Lov.^) If the World is so favourable to me, to allow I        #
deserve that Title,
I hope 'tis so just to my Wife to own I derive it from her.
(^Ber.^) Sir, it is so just to you both, to own you are, (and   #
deserve to be,)
the happiest Pair that live in it.
(^Lov.^) I'm afraid we shall lose that Character, Madam,        #
whenever you 
happen to change your Condition.

(^Enter Servant.^)

(^Ser.^) Sir, my Lord (^Foppington^) presents his humble        #
Service to you, and
desires to know how you do. He but just now heard you were in   #
Town.
He's at the next door; and if it be not inconvenient, he'll     #
come and wait
upon you.
(^Lov.^) Lord (^Foppington^) ! - I know him not.
(^Ber.^) Not his Dignity, perhaps, but you do his Person. 'Tis  #
Sir (^Novelty^) ;
he has bought a Barony in order to marry a great Fortune: His   #
Patent
has not been pass'd eight-and-forty Hours, and he has already   #
sent How-do-ye's
to all the Town, to make 'em acquainted with his Title.
(^Lov.^) Give my Service to his Lordship, and let him know, I   #
am proud
of the Honour he intends me.
( (^Ex. Ser.^) )
Sure this Addition of Quality,
must have so improv'd this Coxcomb, he can't but be very good   #
Company
for a quarter of an Hour.
(^Aman.^) Now it moves my Pity more than my Mirth, to see a     #
Man whom
Nature has made no Fool, be so very industrious to pass for an  #
Ass.
(^Lov.^) No, there you are wrong, (^Amanda^) ; you shou'd       #
never bestow your
pity upon those who take pains for your Contempt. Pity those    #
whom
Nature abuses but never those who abuse Nature.
(^Ber.^) Besides, the Town wou'd be robb'd of one of its chief  #
Diversions,
if it shou'd become a Crime to laugh at a Fool.
(^Aman.^) I cou'd never yet perceive the Town inclin'd to part  #
with any
of its diversions, for the sake of their being Crimes; but I    #
have seen it
very fond of some, I think, had little else to recommend 'em.
<P I,36>
(^Ber.^) I doubt, (^Amanda^) , you are grown its Enemy, you     #
speak with so
much warmth against it.
(^Aman.^) I must confess I am not much its Friend.
(^Ber.^) Then give me leave to make you mine, by not engaging   #
in its
Quarrel.
(^Aman.^) You have many stronger Claims than that,              #
(^Berinthia^) , whenever
you think fit to plead your Title.
(^Lov.^) You have done well to engage a Second, my Dear; for    #
he comes
one will be apt to call you to an account for your              #
Country-Principles.

(^Enter Lord^) Foppington.

(^Lord Fop.^)
( (^to Lov.^) )
Sir, I am your most humble Servant.
(^Lov.^) I wish you Joy, my Lord.
(^Lord Fop.^) O Lard, Sir - Madam, your Ladyship's welcome to
Tawn.
(^Aman.^) I wish your Lordship Joy.
(^Lord Fop.^) O Heavens, Madam - 
(^Lov.^) My Lord, this young Lady is a Relation of my Wives.
(^Lord Fop.^)
( (^saluting her.^) )
The beautifull'st Race of People upon Earth:
Rat me. Dear (^Loveless^) , I am overjoy'd to see you have      #
braught your
Family to Tawn again; I am, stap my Vitals - 
( (^Aside.^) )
Far I design
to lye with your Wife.
( (^To Aman.^) )
Far Gad's sake, Madam, haw has
your Ladyship been able to subsist thus long, under the         #
Fatigue of a
Country Life?
(^Aman.^) My Life has been very far from that, my Lord; it has  #
been a
very quiet one.
(^Lord Fop.^) Why, that's the Fatigue I speak of, Madam: For    #
'tis impossible
to be quiet, without thinking: Now thinking is to me, the       #
greatest
Fatigue in the World.
(^Aman.^) Does not your Lordship love reading then?
(^Lord Fop.^) Oh, passionately, Madam - But I never think of    #
what
I read.
(^Ber.^) Why, can your Lordship read without thinking?
(^Lord Fop.^) O Lard - Can your Ladyship pray without Devotion  #
- 
Madam?
(^Aman.^) Well, I must own I think Books the best               #
Entertainment in the
World.
(^Lord Fop.^) I am so much of your Ladyship's Mind, Madam;      #
that I have
a private Gallery (where I walk sometimes) is furnish'd with    #
nothing but
Books and Looking-glasses. Madam, I have guilded 'em, and       #
rang'd 'em,
so prettily, before Gad, it is the most entertaining thing in   #
the World to
walk and look upon 'em.
<P I,37>
(^Aman.^) Nay, I love a neat Library too; but 'tis, I think,    #
the Inside of
a Book shou'd recommend it most to us.
(^Lord Fop.^) That, I must confess, I am nat altogether so      #
fand of. Far
to mind the inside of a Book, is to entertain ones self with    #
the forc'd
Product of another Man's Brain. Naw I think a Man of Quality    #
and
Breeding may be much diverted with the Natural Sprauts of his   #
own. But
to say the truth, Madam, let a Man love reading never so well,  #
when once
he comes to know this Tawn, he finds so many better ways of     #
passing away
the Four and Twenty Hours, that 'twere Ten Thousand pities he   #
shou'd
consume his time in that. Far example, Madam, my Life; my Life,
Madam, is a perpetual Stream of Pleasure, that glides thro'     #
such a Variety
of Entertainments, I believe the wisest of our Ancestors never  #
had the least
Conception of any of 'em.
   I rise, Madam, about Ten a-Clock. I don't rise sooner,       #
because 'tis the
worst thing in the World for the Complexion; nat that I         #
pretend to be
a Beau; but a Man must endeavour to look wholesome, lest he     #
makes so
nauseous a Figure in the Side-bax, the Ladies shou'd be         #
compell'd to turn
their Eyes upon the Play. So at Ten o'clock I say I rise. Naw   #
if I find
'tis a good Day, I resalve to take a Turn in the Park, and see  #
the fine
Women; so huddle on my Cloaths, and get dress'd by One. If it   #
be nasty
Weather, I take a Turn in the Chocolate-hause; where, as you    #
walk,
Madam, you have the prettiest Prospect in the World; you have   #
Looking-glasses
all round you - But I'm afraid I tire the Company.
(^Ber.^) Not at all. Pray go on.
(^Lord Fop.^) Why then, Ladies, from thence I go to Dinner at   #
(^Lacket's^) ,
and there you are so nicely and delicately serv'd, that, stap   #
my Vitals, they
shall compose you a Dish, no bigger than a Saucer, shall come   #
to fifty
Shillings.
   Between eating my Dinner, (and washing my Mauth, Ladies) I   #
spend
my time, till I go to the Play; where, till Nine a-Clack, I     #
entertain my self
with looking upon the Company; and usually dispose of one Hour  #
more
in leading them aut. So there's twelve of the Four-and-Twenty   #
pretty
well over.
   The other Twelve, Madam, are dispos'd of in Two Articles:    #
In the
first Four, I toast my self drunk, and in t'other Eight I       #
sleep my self sober
again. Thus, Ladies, you see my Life is an eternal raund O of   #
Delights.
(^Lov.^) 'Tis a heavenly one, indeed!
(^Aman.^) But, my Lord, you (^Beaux^) spend a great deal of     #
your Time in
Intrigues: You have given us no Account of them yet.
(^Lord Fop.^)
( (^aside.^) )
Soh, she wou'd enquire into my Amours - That's
Jealousie - She begins to be in love with me.
( (^To Aman.^) )
Why,
Madam - as to time for my Intrigues, I usually make             #
Detachments of
it from my other Pleasures, according to the Exigency: Far      #
your Ladyship
<P I,38>
may please to take notice, that those who intrigue with Women   #
of
Quality, have rarely occasion far above half an Hour at a       #
time: People of
that Rank being under those Decorums, they can seldom give you  #
a langer
View, than will just serve to shoot 'em flying. So that the     #
Course of my
other Pleasures is not very much interrupted by my Amours.
(^Lov.^) But your Lordship now is become a Pillar of the        #
State; you must
attend the weighty Affairs of the Nation.
(^Lord Fop.^) Sir - as to weighty Affairs - I leave them to     #
weighty
Heads. I never intend mine shall be a Burthen to my Body.
(^Lov.^) O, but you'll find the House will expect your          #
Attendance.
(^Lord Fop.^) Sir, you'll find the House will compound for my   #
Appearance.
(^Lov.^) But your Friends will take it ill if you don't attend  #
their particular
Causes.
(^Lord Fop.^) Not, Sir, if I come time enough to give 'em my    #
particular
Vote.
(^Ber.^) But pray, my Lord, how do you dispose of yourself on   #
(^Sundays^) ;
for that, methinks, shou'd hang wretchedly on your hands.
(^Lord Fop.^) Why, Faith, Madam - (^Sunday^) - is a vile day,   #
I must
confess. I intend to move for leave to bring in a Bill, That    #
the Players
may work upon it, as well as the Hackney Coaches. Tho' this I   #
must say
for the Government, it leaves us the Churches to entertain us   #
- But then
again, they begin so abominable early, a Man must rise by       #
Candle-light
to get dress'd by the Psalm.
(^Ber.^) Pray which Church does your Lordship most oblige with  #
your
Presence?
(^Lord Fop.^) Oh, St. (^James's^) , Madam - There's much the    #
best
Company.
(^Aman.^) Is there good Preaching too?
(^Lord Fop.^) Why, Faith, Madam - I can't tell. A Man must have
very little to do there, that can give an Account of the        #
Sermon.
(^Ber.^) You can give us an Account of the Ladies, at least.
(^Lord Fop.^) Or I deserve to be excommunicated - There is my   #
Lady
(^Tattle^) , my Lady (^Prate^) , my Lady (^Titter^) , my Lady   #
(^Leer^) , my Lady (^Giggle^) ,
and my Lady (^Grin^) . These sit in the Front of the Boxes,     #
and all Churchtime
are the prettiest Company in the World, stap my Vitals.
( (^To Aman.^) )
Mayn't we hope for the Honour to see your Ladyship added to     #
our Society,
Madam?
(^Aman.^) Alas, my Lord, I am the worst Company in the World at
Church: I'm apt to mind the Prayers, or the Sermon, or - 
(^Lord Fop.^) One is indeed strangely apt at Church to mind     #
what one 
should not do. But I hope, Madam, at one time or other, I       #
shall have
the Honour to lead your Ladyship to your Coach there.
( (^Aside^) )
Methinks
she seems strangely pleas'd with every thing I say to her -     #
'Tis a vast
<P I,39>
Pleasure to receive Encouragement from a Woman before her       #
Husband's
Face - I have a good mind to pursue my Conquest, and speak the  #
thing
plainly to her at once - I'gad, I'll do't, and that in so       #
Cavallier a manner,
she shall be surpriz'd at it - Ladies, I'll take my Leave; I'm  #
afraid I
begin to grow troublesome with the length of my Visit.
(^Aman.^) Your Lordship's too entertaining to grow troublesome  #
any where.
(^Lord Fop.^)
( (^aside.^) )
That now was as much as if she had said - Pray
lie with me. I'll let her see I'm quick of Apprehension.
( (^To Aman.^) )
O Lard, Madam, I had like to have forgot a Secret, I must       #
needs tell your
Ladyship.
( (^To Lov.^) )
(^Ned^) , you must not be so jealous now as to listen.
(^Lov.^) Not I, my Lord; I'm too fashionable a Husband to pry   #
into the
Secrets of my Wife.
(^Lord Fop.^)
( (^to^) Aman. (^squeezing her Hand^) )
I am in love with you to
Desperation, strike me speechless.
(^Aman.^)
( (^giving him a Box o' th' Ear.^) )
Then thus I return your Passion;
An impudent Fool!
(^Lord Fop.^) Gad's Curse, Madam, I'm a Peer of the Realm.
(^Lov.^) Hey; what the Devil do you affront my Wife, Sir? Nay   #
then - 
( (^They draw and fight. The Women run shrieking for Help.^) )
(^Aman.^) Ah! What has my Folly done? Help; Murder, help: Part
'em for Heaven's sake.
(^Lord Fop.^)
( (^falling back, and leaning upon his Sword.^) )
Ah - quite thro'
the Body - Stap my Vitals.

(^Enter Servants.^)

(^Lov.^)
( (^running to him.^) )
I hope I han't kill'd the Fool however - Bear
him up! Where's your Wound?
(^Lord Fop.^) Just thro' the Guts.
(^Lov.^) Call a Surgeon there: Unbutton him quickly.
(^Lord Fop.^) Ay, pray make haste.
(^Lov.^) This Mischief you may thank your self for.
(^Lord Fop.^) I may so - Love's the Devil indeed, (^Ned^) .

(^Enter^) Serringe (^and Servant^) .

(^Serv.^) Here's Mr (^Serringe^) , Sir, was just going by the   #
Door.
(^Lord Fop.^) He's the welcom'st Man alive.
(^Ser.^) Stand by, stand by, stand by. Pray, Gentlemen stand    #
by. Lord
have mercy upon us, did you never see a Man run thro' the Body  #
before?
Pray stand by.
(^Lord Fop.^) Ah, Mr. (^Serringe^) - I'm a dead Man.
(^Ser.^) A dead Man, and I by - I shou'd laugh to see that,     #
I'gad.   
(^Lov.^) Prithee don't stand prating, but look upon his Wound.
(^Ser.^) Why, what if I won't look upon his Wound this Hour,    #
Sir?
(^Lov.^) Why then he'll bleed to Death, Sir.
<P I,40>
(^Ser.^) Why, then I'll fetch him to Life again, Sir.
(^Lov.^) 'Slife, he's run thro' the Guts, I tell thee.
(^Ser.^) Wou'd he were run thro' the Heart, I shou'd get the    #
more Credit
by his Cure. Now I hope you are satisfy'd? - Come, now let me   #
come
at him; now let me come at him.
( (^Viewing his Wound.^) )
Oons, what a
Gash is here? - Why, Sir, a Man may drive a Coach and Six       #
Horses
into your Body.
(^Lord Fop.^) Ho - 
(^Ser.^) Why, what the Devil, have you run the Gentleman thro'  #
with a
Sythe - 
( (^Aside.^) )
A little Prick between the Skin and the Ribs,
that's all.
(^Lov.^) Let me see his Wound.
(^Ser.^) Then you shall dress it, Sir; for if any body looks    #
upon it, I won't.
(^Lov.^) Why, thou art the veriest Coxcomb I ever saw.
(^Ser.^) Sir, I am not Master of my Trade for nothing.
(^Lord Fop.^) Surgeon.
(^Ser.^) Well, Sir.
(^Lord Fop.^) Is there any Hopes?
(^Ser.^) Hopes? - I can't tell - What are you willing to give   #
for your
Cure?
(^Lord Fop.^) Five hundred Paunds with Pleasure.
(^Ser.^) Why then, perhaps there may be Hopes. But we must      #
avoid
farther Delay. Here; help the Gentleman into a Chair, and       #
carry him to
my House presently, that's the properest place
( (^Aside.^) )
to bubble him out
of his Money. Come, a Chair, a Chair quickly - there, in with   #
him.
( (^They put him into a Chair.^) )
(^Lord Fop.^) Dear (^Loveless^) - Adieu. If I die - I forgive   #
thee; and
if I live - I hope thou'lt do as much by me. I am very sorry    #
you and
I shou'd quarrel; but I hope here's an end on't, for if you     #
are satisfy'd - 
I am.
(^Lov.^) I shall hardly think it worth my prosecuting any       #
farther, so you
may be at rest, Sir.
(^Lord Fop.^) Thou art a generous Fellow, strike me Dumb. 
( (^Aside.^) )
But
thou hast an impertinent Wife, stap my Vitals.
(^Ser.^) So, carry him off, carry him off, we shall have him    #
prate himself
into a Fever by and by; carry him off. 
( (^Ex.^) Serv. (^with Lord Fop^) .)
(^Aman.^) Now on my Knees, my Dear, let me ask your pardon for  #
my
Indiscretion, my own I never shall obtain.
(^Lov.^) O! there's no harm done: You serv'd him well.
(^Aman.^) He did indeed deserve it. But I tremble to think how  #
dear my
indiscreet Resentment might have cost you.
(^Lov.^) O no matter; never trouble your-self about that.
(^Ber.^) For Heaven's sake, what was't he did to you?
<P I,41>
(^Aman.^) O nothing; he only squeez'd me kindly by the Hand,    #
and
frankly offer'd me a Coxcomb's Heart. I know I was to blame to  #
resent
it as I did, since nothing but a Quarrel cou'd ensue. But the   #
Fool so
surpriz'd me with his Insolence, I was not Mistress of my       #
Fingers.
(^Ber.^) Now I dare swear, he thinks you had 'em at great       #
Command, they
obey'd you so readily.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P I,57>
[}SCENE III, A COUNTRY-HOUSE.}]

(^Enter^) Young Fashion (^and^) Lory.

(^Y. Fash.^) So, here's our Inheritance, (^Lory^) , if we can   #
but get into Possession.
But methinks, the Seat of our Family looks like
(^Noah's^) Ark, as if the chief part on't were design'd for     #
the Fowls of the
Air, and the Beasts of the Field.
(^Lo.^) Pray, Sir, don't let your Head run upon the Orders of   #
Building
here; get but the Heiress, let the Devil take the House.
(^Y. Fash.^) Get but the House, let the Devil take the          #
Heiress, I say; at
least if she be as old (^Coupler^) describes her. But come, we  #
have no time
to squander. Knock at the Door.
(Lory (^knocks two or three times^) .)
What
the Devil, have they got no Ears in this House? Knock harder.
(^Lo.^) Igad, Sir, this will prove some Inchanted Castle; we    #
shall have
the Gyant come out by and by with his Club, and beat our        #
Brains out.
( (^Knocks again.^) )
(^Y. Fash.^) Hush; they come.
( (^From within.^) )
Who is there?
(^Lo.^) Open the Door and see: Is that your Country Breeding?
(^Within.^)
Ay, but two Words to a Bargain: (^Tummas^) , is the Blunderbus
prim'd?
(^Y. Fash.^) Oons, give 'em good Words, (^Lory^) ; we shall be  #
shot here a
Fortune catching.
(^Lo.^) Igad, Sir, I think y'are in the right on't. Ho, Mr.     #
What d'ye
call 'um. - 
( (^Servant appears at the Window with a Blunderbus^) )
Weall, naw what's
yare business?
(^Y. Fash.^) Nothing, Sir, but to wait upon Sir (^Tunbelly^) ,  #
with your leave.
<P I,58>
(^Ser.^) To weat upon Sir (^Tunbelly^) ? Why, you'll find       #
that's just as Sir
(^Tunbelly^) pleases.
(^Y. Fash.^) But will you do me the Favour, Sir, to know        #
whether Sir
(^Tunbelly^) pleases or not?
(^Ser.^) Why, look you, do you see, with good words much may    #
be done.
(^Ralph^) , go thy weas, and ask Sir (^Tunbelly^) if he         #
pleases to be waited upon.
And, do'st hear? call to Nurse, that she may lock up Miss       #
(^Hoyden^) before
the Geats open.
(^Y. Fash.^) D'ye hear that, (^Lory^) ?
(^Lo.^) Ay, Sir, I'm afraid we shall find a difficult Job       #
on't. Pray Heaven
that Old Rogue (^Coupler^) han't sent us to fetch Milk out of   #
the Gunroom.
(^Y. Fash.^) I'll warrant thee all will go well: See; the Door  #
opens.

(^Enter Sir^) Tunbelly, (^with his Servants, Arm'd with
Guns, Clubs, Pitchforks, Sythes, &c.^)

(^Lo.^)
( (^running behind his Master.^) )
O Lord, O Lord, O Lord, we are both
dead Men.
(^Y. Fash.^) Take heed, Fool, thy Fear will ruine us.
(^Lo.^) My Fear, Sir; 'Sdeath, Sir, I fear nothing.
( (^aside.^) )
Wou'd I were
well up to the Chin in a Horse-Pond.
(^Sir Tun.^) Who is it here has any business with me?
(^Y. Fash.^) Sir, 'tis I, if your Name be Sir (^Tunbelly        #
Clumsey^) .
(^Sir Tun.^) Sir, my name is Sir (^Tunbelly Clumsey^) ,         #
whither you have any
business with me or not. So you see I am not asham'd of my      #
Name - 
nor my Face neither.
(^Y. Fash.^) Sir, you have no Cause, that I know of.
(^Sir Tun.^) Sir, if you have no Cause neither, I desire to     #
know who you
are; for till I know your Name, I shall not ask you to come     #
into my
House; and when I know your Name - 'tis six to four I don't     #
ask you
neither.
(^Y. Fash.^)
( (^giving him a Letter.^) )
Sir, I hope you'll find this Letter an
Authentick Passport.
(^Sir Tun.^) Cod's my life I ask your Lordship's Pardon Ten     #
Thousand 
times.
( (^To his Servants.^) )
Here run in a-doors quickly: Get a Scotch Coal
Fire in the Great Parlour; set all the Turkey-work Chairs in    #
their places;     
get the great Brass Candlesticks out, and be sure stick the     #
Sockets full
of Laurel, run.
( (^Turning to^) Young Fash.)
My Lord, I ask your Lordship's
Pardon.
( (^To other Servants.^) )
And do you hear, run away to Nurse,
bid her let Miss (^Hoyden^) loose again, and if it was not      #
shifting Day, let
her put on a clean Tucker, quick.
( (^Exeunt Servants confusedly.
To^) Young Fash.)
I hope your Honour will excuse the disorder of my
Family, we are not us'd to receive Men of your Lordship's great #
Quality
every day; pray where are your Coaches and Servants, my Lord?
<P I,59>
(^Y. Fash.^) Sir, that I might give you and your fair Daughter  #
a proof how    
impatient I am to be nearer a kin to you, I left my Equipage    #
to follow
me, and came away Post, with only one Servant.
(^Sir Tun.^) Your Lordship does me too much honour, it was      #
exposing
your Person to too much Fatigue and Danger, I protest it was;   #
but my
Daughter shall endeavour to make you what amends she can; and   #
tho'
I say it, that shou'd not say it - (^Hoyden^) has Charms.
(^Y. Fash.^) Sir, I am not a Stranger to them, tho' I am to     #
her. Common
Fame has done her Justice.
(^Sir Tun.^) My Lord, I am Common Fame's very grateful humble   #
Servant.
My Lord - my Girl's young, (^Hoyden^) is young, my Lord; but
this I must say for her, what she wants in Art, she has by      #
Nature; what
she wants in Experience, she has in Breeding; and what's        #
wanting in her
Age, is made good in her Constitution. So pray, my Lord, walk   #
in; pray 
my Lord, walk in.
(^Y. Fash.^) Sir, I wait upon you.
( (\Exeunt.\) )

[}SCENE IV. A ROOM IN THE SAME.}]

(^Miss Hoyden^) sola.

   Sure never no body was us'd as I am. I know well enough      #
what other
Girls do, for all they think to make a Fool of me: It's well I  #
have a
Husband a coming, or Icod, I'd marry the Baker, I wou'd so. No  #
body
can knock at the Gate, but presently I must be lockt up; and    #
here's the
young Greyhound Bitch can run loose about the House all the     #
day long,
she can; 'tis very well.

Nurse (^without, opening the Door^) .

Miss (^Hoyden^) , Miss, Miss, Miss; Miss (^Hoyden^) .

(^Enter^) Nurse.

(^Miss.^) Well, what do you make such a Noise for, ha? What do  #
you
din a Bodies Ears for? Can't one be at quiet for you?
(^Nurse.^) What do I din your Ears for? Here's one come will    #
din your
Ears for you.
(^Miss.^) What care I who's come; I care not a Fig who comes,   #
nor who
goes, as long as I must be lock'd up like the Ale-Cellar.
(^Nurse.^) That, Miss, is for fear you shou'd be drank before   #
you are Ripe.
(^Miss.^) O, don't you trouble your Head about that; I'm as     #
Ripe as you,
tho' not so Mellow.
<P I,60>
(^Nurse.^) Very well; now I have a good mind to lock you up     #
again, and
not let you see my Lord to-night.
(^Miss.^) My Lord? Why is my Husband come?
(^Nurse.^) Yes, marry is he, and a goodly Person, too.
(^Miss.^)
( (^hugging Nurse.^) )
O my dear (^Nurse^) , forgive me this once, and 
I'll
never misuse you again; no, if I do, you shall give me three    #
thumps on
the Back, and a great pinch by the Cheek.
(^Nurse.^) Ah the poor Thing, see how it melts; it's as full    #
of good Nature
as an Egg's full of Meat.
(^Miss.^) But, my dear (^Nurse^) , don't lie now; is he come    #
by your troth?
(^Nurse.^) Yes, by my truly, is he.
(^Miss.^) O Lord! I'll go and put on my Lac'd Smock, tho' I am  #
whipt
till the Blood run down my Heels for't.
( (^Exit running.^) )
(^Nurse.^) Eh - the Lord succour thee, how thou art delighted.
( (^Exit after her.^) )

[}SCENE V. ANOTHER ROOM IN THE SAME.}]

(^Enter Sir^) Tunbelly (^and^) Young Fashion. (^A Servant
with Wine.^)

(^Sir Tun.^) My Lord, I am proud of the Honour to see your      #
Lordship
within my Doors; and I humbly crave leave to bid you welcome    #
in a Cup
of Sack Wine.
(^Y. Fash.^) Sir, to your Daughter's Health.
( (^Drinks.^) )
(^Sir Tun.^) Ah poor Girl, she'll be scar'd out of her Wits on  #
her Wedding
Night; for, honestly speaking, she does not know a Man from a 
Woman, but by his Beard, and his Britches.
(^Y. Fash.^) Sir, I don't doubt she has a Vertuous Education,   #
which with
the rest of her Merit, makes me long to see her mine. I wish    #
you wou'd
dispense with the Canonical Hour, and let it be this very       #
Night.
(^Sir Tun.^) O not so soon neither; that's shooting my Girl     #
before you
bid her stand. No, give her fair warning; we'll Sign and Seal   #
to Night
if you please; and this Day seven-night - let the Jade look to  #
her
Quarters.
(^Y. Fash.^) This Day Sennight - Why, what do you take me for a
Ghost, Sir?
(^Aside^) [^IN THE EDITION THE WORD Aside APPEARS AFTER THE     #
WORDS a month with her^]   
'Slife, Sir, I'm made of Flesh and Blood, and Bones and         #
Sinews, and can
no more live a Week without your Daughter - Than I can live a   #
Month
with her.
(^Sir Tun.^) Oh, I'll warrant you my Hero, young Men are hot I  #
know,
<P I,61>
but they don't boyl over at that rate, neither; besides, my     #
Wenches
Wedding Gown is not come home yet.
(^Y. Fash.^) O, no matter, Sir, I'll take her in her Shift.
( (^Aside.^) )
A Pox 
of this Old Fellow, he'll delay the business till my damn'd     #
Star finds me
out, and discovers me.
(To (^Sir^) Tun.)
Pray, Sir, let it be done without a Ceremony, 'twill save
Money.
(^Sir Tun.^) Money - Save Money when (^Hoyden's^) to be         #
married? Udswoons
I'll give my Wench a Wedding-Dinner, tho' I go to Grass with
the King of (^Assyria^) for't, and such a Dinner it shall be,   #
as is not to be
Cook'd in the Poaching of an Egg. Therefore, my Noble Lord,     #
have a
little Patience, we'll go and look over our Deeds and           #
Settlements immediately;
and as for your Bride, tho' you may be sharp set before she's
quite ready, I'll engage for my Girl, she stays your Stomach    #
at last.
( (\Exeunt.\) )

[}ACT IV. SCENE I.}]

(^A Room in^) Sir Tunbelly Clumsey's (^Country House^) .

(^Enter Miss^) Hoyden (^and^) Nurse.

(^Nurse.^) Well (^Miss^) , how do you like your Husband that    #
is to be?
(^Miss.^) O Lord, (^Nurse^) , I'm so overjoy'd, I can scarce
contain my self.
(^Nurse.^) O, but you must have a care of being too fond, for   #
Men now
a days hate a Woman that loves 'em.
(^Miss.^) Love him? Why do you think I love him, (^Nurse^) ?    #
ICod, I would
not care if he were hang'd, so I were but once Married to him   #
- No
- that which pleases me, is to think what work I'll make when   #
I get
to (^London^) ; for when I am a Wife and a Lady both            #
(^Nurse^) , ICod, I'll
flant it with the best of 'em.
(^Nurse.^) Look, look, if his Honour be not a coming to you;    #
now if I
were sure you wou'd behave yourself handsomely, and not         #
disgrace me
that have brought you up, I'd leave you alone together.
(^Miss.^) That's my best Nurse, do as you wou'd be done by;     #
trust us
together this once; and if I don't shew my Breeding from the    #
head to
the foot of me, may I be twice Married, and die a Maid.
(^Nurse.^) Well, this once I'll venture you; but if you         #
disparage me - 
(^Miss.^) Never fear, I'll shew him my Parts, I'll warrant him.
( (^Exit Nurse.^) )

(^Sola.^)

These old women are so wise when they get a poor Girl in their
<P I,62>
Clutches; but e'er it be long, I shall know what's what, as     #
well as
the best of 'em.

(^Enter^) Young Fashion.

(^Y. Fash.^) Your Servant, Madam, I'm glad to find you alone,   #
for I have
something of Importance to speak to you about.
(^Miss.^) Sir, (my Lord, I meant) you may speak to me about     #
what you
please, I shall give you a Civil Answer.
(^Y. Fash.^) You give me so obliging a one, it encourages me    #
to tell you
in few words, what I think both for your interest and mine.     #
Your Father,
I suppose you know, has resolv'd to make me happy in being your
Husband, and I hope I may depend upon your Consent, to perform  #
what
he desires.
(^Miss.^) Sir, I never disobey my Father in any thing, but      #
eating of green
Gooseberries.
(^Y. Fash.^) So good a Daughter must needs be an admirable      #
Wife; I am
therefore impatient 'till you are mine; and hope you will so    #
far consider
the violence of my Love, that you won't have the Cruelty to     #
defer my
Happiness so long as your Father designs it.
(^Miss.^) Pray, my Lord, how long is it?
(^Y. Fash.^) Madam, a thousand year - a whole Week.
(^Miss.^) A week - why, I shall be an old Woman by that time.
(^Y. Fash.^) And I an old Man, which you'll find a greater      #
Misfortune
than t'other.
(^Miss.^) Why I thought 'twas to be to morrow morning, as soon  #
as I was
up; I'm sure Nurse told me so.
(^Y. Fash.^) And it shall be to morrow Morning still, if        #
you'll consent?
(^Miss.^) If I'll consent? Why I thought I was to obey you as   #
my
Husband?
(^Y. Fash.^) That's when we are Married; 'till then, I am to    #
obey you.
(^Miss.^) Why then if we are to take it by turns, it's the      #
same thing; I'll
obey you now, and when we are Married, you shall obey me.
(^Y. Fash.^) With all my heart, but I doubt we must get Nurse   #
on our side,
or we shall hardly prevail with the Chaplain.
(^Miss.^) No more we shan't indeed, for he loves her better     #
than he loves
his Pulpit, and wou'd always be a preaching to her, by his      #
good will.
(^Y. Fash.^) Why then my dear little Bedfellow, if you'll call  #
her hither,
we'll try to perswade her presently.
(^Miss.^) O Lord, I can tell you a way how to perswade her to   #
any thing.
(^Y. Fash.^) How's that?
(^Miss.^) Why tell her she's a wholesom, Comely Woman - and     #
give
her Half a Crown.
(^Y. Fash.^) Nay, if that will do, she shall have half a score  #
of 'em.
<P I,63>
(^Miss.^) O Gemini, for half that she'd Marry you herself:      #
I'll run and
call her.
( (^Exit^) Miss.)

(^Young Fashion^) solus.

   So, Matters go swimmingly; this is a rare Girl, I'faith; I   #
shall have
a fine time on't with her at (^London^) ; I'm much mistaken,    #
if she don't
prove a (^March^) Hare all the year round. What a scamp'ring    #
Chace will
she make on't, when she finds the whole Kennel of Beaux at her  #
Tail!
Hey to the Park and the Play, and the Church, and the Devil;    #
she'll shew
'em sport I'll warrant 'em. But no matter, she brings an        #
Estate will afford
me a separate Maintenance.

(^Enter^) Miss (^and^) Nurse.

(^Y. Fash.^) How do you do, good Mistress Nurse; I desir'd      #
your young
Lady would give me leave to see you, that I might thank you     #
for your
extraordinary Care and Conduct in her Education; pray accept    #
of this
small Acknowledgement for it at present, and depend upon my     #
farther
kindness, when I shall be that happy thing her Husband.
(^Nurse.^)
( (^aside.^) )
Gold by makings, your Honour's goodness is too great;
alas, all I can boast of is, I gave her pure good Milk, and so  #
your Honour
wou'd have said, an you had seen how the poor thing suck't it   #
- Eh,
God's Blessing on the sweet Face on't; how it us'd to hang at   #
this poor
Tett, and suck and squeeze, and kick and sprawl it wou'd, till  #
the Belly 
on't was so full, it wou'd drop off like a Leech.
(Miss (^to^) Nurse, (^taking her angrily aside^) .)
   Pray one word with you; prithee Nurse don't stand ripping    #
up Old
Stories, to make one asham'd before one's Love; do you think    #
such a fine
proper Gentleman as he, cares for a fiddlecome Tale of a        #
draggle-tail'd
Girl; if you have a mind to make him have a good Opinion of a   #
Woman,
don't tell him what one did then, tell him what one can do now.
( (^To Y. Fash.^) )
I hope your Honour will excuse my mismanners to
whisper before you, it was only to give some Orders about the   #
Family.
(^Y. Fash.^) O every thing, Madam, is to give way to Business;  #
besides,
good Housewifery is a very commendable Quality in a young Lady.
(^Miss.^) Pray Sir, are the young Ladies good Housewives at     #
(^London^) Town?
Do they darn their own Linnen?
(^Y. Fash.^) O no, they study how to spend Money, not to save   #
it.
(^Miss.^) I'Cod, I don't know but that may be better Sport      #
than t'other,
ha, Nurse.
(^Y. Fash.^) Well, you shall have your Choice when you come     #
there.
(^Miss.^) Shall I? - then by my troth I'll get there as fast    #
as I can.
(To (^Nurse^) .)
His Honour desires you'll be so kind, as to let us be
Married to Morrow.
(^Nurse.^) To Morrow, my dear Madam?
<P I,64>
(^Y. Fash.^) Yes, to Morrow sweet Nurse; privately; young       #
Folks you
know are impatient, and Sir (^Tunbelly^) wou'd make us stay a   #
Week for a
Wedding-Dinner. Now all things being Sign'd, and Seal'd, and    #
Agreed,
I fancy there cou'd be no great harm in practising a Scene or   #
two of Matrimony
in private, if it were only to give us the better assurance     #
when we
come to play it in publick.
(^Nurse.^) Nay, I must confess stolen Pleasures are sweet; but  #
if you shou'd be
married now, what will you do when Sir (^Tunbelly^) calls for   #
you to be wedd?
(^Miss.^) Why then we will be married again.
(^Nurse.^) What, twice my Child?
(^Miss.^) ICod, I don't care how often I'm Married, not I.
(^Y. Fash.^) Pray Nurse don't you be against your young Lady's  #
good;
for by this means she'll have the pleasure of two Wedding-Days.
( (^Miss to Nurse softly.^) )
And of two Wedding-Nights too, Nurse.
(^Nurse.^) Well, I'm such a tender-hearted Fool, I find I can   #
refuse 
nothing; so you shall e'en follow your own Inventions.
(^Miss.^) Shall I?
( (^Aside.^) )
O Lord, I cou'd leap over the Moon.
(^Y. Fash.^) Dear Nurse, this goodness of yours shan't go       #
unrewarded;
but now you must employ your power with Mr. (^Bull^) the        #
Chaplain, that
he may do us his Friendly Office too, and then we shall all be  #
happy; do
you think you can prevail with him?
(^Nurse.^) Prevail with him - or he shall never prevail with    #
me, I can
tell him that.
(^Miss.^) My Lord, she has had him upon the hip this seven      #
year.
(^Y. Fash.^) I'm glad to hear it; however, to strengthen your   #
interest with
him, you may let him know I have several fat Livings in my      #
Gift, and
that the first that falls shall be in your disposal.
(^Nurse.^) Nay, then I'll make him Marry more Folks than one,   #
I'll
promise him.
(^Miss.^) Faith do Nurse, make him marry you too, I'm sure      #
he'll do't for
a fat Living; for he loves Eating more than he loves his        #
Bible; and I
have often heard him say, a fat Living was the best Meat in     #
the World.
(^Nurse.^) Ay, and I'll make him commend the Sauce too, or      #
I'll bring his
Gown to a Cassock, I will so.
(^Y. Fash.^) Well Nurse, whilst you go and settle Matters with  #
him, your
Lady and I will go take a walk in the Garden.
(^Nurse.^) I'll do your Honour's business in the catching up    #
of a Garter.
( (^Exit Nurse.^) )
(^Y. Fash.^)
( (^Giving her his Hand.^) )
Come, Madam, dare you venture your
self alone with me?
(^Miss.^) O dear, yes, Sir, I don't think you'll do any thing   #
to me I need
be afraid on.
( (\Exeunt.\) )



<B CEPLAY3B>
<Q E3 XX COME FARQUHAR>
<N BEAUX STRATAGEM>
<A FARQUHAR GEORGE>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T DRAMA COMEDY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W SCRIPT>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H OTHER>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^FARQUHAR, GEORGE.
THE BEAUX STRATAGEM, 1707.
MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS,
1972 (FACSIMILE).
PP. 1.3  - 9.14     (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 58.3 - 65.25    (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 1>
[}ACT I. SCENE I.}]

[}SCENE, AN INN.}]

(^Enter^) Bonniface (^running^) .
(^Bon.^) Chamberlain, Maid, (^Cherry^) , Daughter (^Cherry^) ,  #
all
asleep, all dead?
(^Enter^) Cherry (^running^) .
(^Cherry,^) Here, here, Why d'ye baul so, Father? dy'e think
we have no Ears?
(^Bon.^) You deserve to have none, you young Minx; - The
Company of the (^Warrington^) Coach has stood in the Hall this
Hour, and no Body to shew them to their Chambers.
(^Cher.^) And let 'em  wait farther; there's neither Red-Coat   #
in
the Coach, nor Footman behind it.
(^Bon.^) But they threaten to go to another Inn to Night.
(^Cher.^) That they dare not, for fear the Coachman should      #
overturn
them to Morrow - Coming, coming: Here's the (^London^)
Coach arriv'd.
(^Enter several People with Trunks, Band-boxes, and other
Luggage, and cross the Stage.^)
(^Bon.^) Welcome, Ladies.
(^Cher.^) Very welcome, Gentlemen - Chamberlain, shew the
(^Lyon^) and the (^Rose^) .
(^Exit with the Company.^)
(^Enter^) Aimwell (^in riding Habit^) , Archer (^as Footman
carrying a Portmantle^) .
(^Bon.^) This way, this way, Gentlemen.
(^Aim.^) Set down the things, go to the Stable, and see my
Horses well rubb'd.
(^Arch.^) I shall, Sir.
(^Exit.^)
<P 2>
(^Aim.^) You're my Landlord, I suppose?
(^Bon.^) Yes, Sir, I'm old (^Will. Bonniface^) , pretty well    #
known
upon this Road, as the saying is.
(^Aim.^) O Mr. (^Bonniface^) , your Servant.
(^Bon.^) O Sir - What will your Honour please to drink, as the
saying is?
(^Aim.^) I have heard your Town of (^Litchfield^) much fam'd    #
for
Ale, I think I'll taste that.
(^Bon.^) Sir, I have now in my Cellar Ten Tun of the best Ale
in (^Staffordshire^) ; 'tis smooth as Oil, sweet as Milk,       #
clear as Amber,
and strong as Brandy; and will be just Fourteen Year old
the Fifth Day of next (^March^) old Stile.
(^Aim.^) You're very exact, I find, in the Age of your Ale.
(^Bon.^) As punctual, Sir, as I am in the Age of my Children:
I'll shew you such Ale - Here, Tapster, broach Number 1706.
as the saying is; - Sir, you shall taste my (\Anno Domini\) ;   #
- I
have liv'd in (^Litchfield^) Man and Boy above Eight and fifty  #
Years,
and I believe have not consum'd Eight and fifty Ounces of Meat.
(^Aim.^) At a Meal, you mean, if one may guess your Sense by
your Bulk.
(^Bon.^) Not in my Life, Sir, I have fed purely upon Ale; I
have eat my Ale, drank my Ale, and I always sleep upon Ale.
(^Enter Tapster with a Bottle and Glass.^)
Now, Sir, you shall see
( (^filling it out^) )
your Worship's Health;
ha! delicious, delicious, - fancy it (^Burgundy^) , only fancy  #
it,
and 'tis worth Ten Shillings a Quart.
(^Aim.^)
( (^Drinks.^) )
'Tis confounded strong.
(^Bon.^) Strong! It must be so, or how should we be strong that
drink it?
(^Aim.^) And have you liv'd so long upon this Ale, Landlord?
(^Bon.^) Eight and fifty Years, upon my Credit, Sir; but it     #
kill'd
my Wife, poor Woman, as the saying is.
(^Aim.^) How came that to pass?
(^Bon.^) I don't know how, Sir; she would not let the Ale take
its natural Course, Sir, she was for qualifying it every now    #
and
then with a Dram, as the saying is; and an honest Gentleman
that came this way from (^Ireland^) , made her a Present of a   #
dozen
Bottles of Usquebaugh - But the poor Woman was never well
after: But howe're, I was obliged to the Gentleman, you know.
(^Aim.^) Why, was it the Usquebaugh that kill'd her?
<P 3>
(^Bon.^) My Lady (^Bountyful^) said so, - She, good Lady, did
what could be done, she cured her of Three Tympanies, but
the Fourth carry'd her off; but she's happy, and I'm contented,
as the saying is.
(^Aim.^) Who's that Lady (^Bountyful^) , you mention'd?
(^Bon.^) Ods my life, Sir, we'll drink her Health.
( (^Drinks^) )
My
Lady (^Bountyful^) is one of the best of Women: Her last        #
Husband
Sir (^Charles Bountyful^) left her worth a Thousand Pound a     #
Year;
and I believe she lays out one half on't in charitable Uses     #
for the
Good of her Neighbours; she cures Rheumatisms, Ruptures, and
broken Shins in Men, Green Sickness, Obstructions, and Fits of
the Mother in Women; - The Kings-Evil, Chin-Cough, and
Chilblains in Children; in short, she has cured more People in
and about (^Litchfield^) within Ten Years than the Doctors have
kill'd in Twenty; and that's a bold Word.
(^Aim.^) Has the Lady been any other way useful in her
Generation?
(^Bon.^) Yes, Sir, She has a Daughter by Sir (^Charles^) , the  #
finest
Woman in all our Country, and the greatest Fortune. She has
a Son too by her first Husband Squire (^Sullen^) , who marry'd  #
a fine
Lady from (^London^) t'other day; if you please, Sir, we'll     #
drink
his Health?
(^Aim.^) What sort of a Man is he?
(^Bon.^) Why, Sir, the Man's well enough; says little, thinks   #
less,
and does - nothing at all, Faith: But he's a Man of great       #
Estate,
and values no Body.
(^Aim.^) A Sportsman, I suppose.
(^Bon.^) Yes, Sir, he's a Man of Pleasure, he plays at Whisk,
and smoaks his Pipe Eight and forty Hours together sometimes.
(^Aim.^) And marry'd, you say?
(^Bon,^) Ay, and to a curious Woman, Sir, - But he's a
- He wants it, here, Sir.
(^Pointing to his Forehead.^)
(^Aim.^) He has it there, you mean.
(^Bon.^) That's none of my Business, he's my Landlord, and so
a Man you know, wou'd not, - But - I cod, he's no better
than - Sir, my humble Service to you.
( (^Drinks.^) )
Tho' I value
not a Farthing what he can do to me; I pay him his Rent at
Quarter day, I have a good running Trade, I have but one
Daughter, and I can give her - But no matter for that.
(^Aim.^) You're very happy, Mr. (^Bonniface^) , pray what other
Company have you in Town?
<P 4>
(^Bon.^) A power of fine Ladies, and then we have the           #
(^French^)
Officers.
(^Aim.^) O that's right, you have a good many of those          #
Gentlemen:
Pray how do you like their Company?
(^Bon.^) So well, as the saying is, that I cou'd wish we had as
many more of 'em, they're full of Money, and pay double for
every thing they have; they know, Sir, that we pay'd good
round Taxes for the taking of 'em, and so they are willing to
reimburse us a little; one of 'em lodges in my House.
(^Enter^) Archer.
(^Arch.^) Landlord, there are some (^French^) Gentlemen below   #
that
ask for you.
(^Bon.^) I'll wait on 'em; - Does your Master stay long in
Town, as the saying is?
(^To^) Archer.
(^Arch.^) I can't tell, as the saying is.
(^Bon.^) Come from (^London^) ?
(^Arch.^) No.
(^Bon.^) Going to (^London^) , may hap?
(^Arch.^) No.
(^Bon.^) An odd Fellow this. I beg your Worship's Pardon, I'll
wait on you in half a Minute.
(^Exit.^)
(^Aim.^) The Coast's clear, I see, - Now my dear (^Archer^) ,   #
welcome
to (^Litchfield^) .
(^Arch.^) I thank thee, my dear Brother in Iniquity.
(^Aim.^) Iniquity! prithee leave Canting, you need not change
your Stile with your Dress.
(^Arch.^) Don't mistake me, (^Aimwell^) , for 'tis still my     #
Maxim,
that there is no Scandal like Rags, nor any Crime so shameful   #
as
Poverty.
(^Aim.^) The World confesses it every Day in its Practice, tho'
Men won't own it for their Opinion: Who did that worthy
Lord, my Brother, single out of the Side-box to sup with him
t'other Night?
(^Arch.^) (^Jack Handycraft^) , a handsom, well dress'd,        #
mannerly,
sharping Rogue, who keeps the best Company in Town.
(^Aim.^) Right, and pray who marry'd my Lady (^Manslaughter^)
t'other Day, the great Fortune?
(^Arch.^) Why, (^Nick Marrabone^) , a profess'd Pick-pocket,    #
and a
good Bowler; but he makes a handsom Figure, and rides in his
Coach, that he formerly used to ride behind.
<P 5>
(^Aim.^) But did you observe poor (^Jack Generous^) in the      #
Park last
Week?
(^Arch.^) Yes, with his Autumnal Perriwig, shading his          #
melancholly
Face, his Coat older than any thing but its Fashion, with
one Hand idle in his Pocket, and with the other picking his
useless Teeth; and tho' the Mall was crowded with Company,
yet was poor (^Jack^) as single and solitary as a Lyon in a     #
Desart.
(^Aim.^) And as much avoided, for no Crime upon Earth but the
want of Money.
(^Arch.^) And that's enough; Men must not be poor, Idleness is
the Root of all Evil; the World's wide enough, let 'em bustle;
Fortune has taken the weak under her Protection, but Men of
Sense are left to their Industry.
(^Aim.^) Upon which Topick we proceed, and I think luckily
hitherto: Wou'd not any Man swear now that I am a Man of
Quality, and you my Servant, when if our intrinsick Value were
known - 
(^Arch.^) Come, come, we are the Men of intrinsick Value, who
can strike our Fortunes out of our selves, whose worth is       #
independent
of Accidents in Life, or Revolutions in Government;
we have Heads to get Money, and Hearts to spend it.
(^Aim.^) As to our Hearts, I grant'ye, they are as willing      #
Tits as
any within Twenty Degrees; but I can have no great opinion
of our Heads from the Service they have done us hitherto,       #
unless
it be that they have brought us from (^London^) hither to       #
(^Litchfield^) ,
made me a Lord, and you my Servant.
(^Arch.^) That's more than you cou'd expect already. But what
Money have we left?
(^Aim.^) But Two hundred Pound.
(^Arch.^) And our Horses, Cloaths, Rings, &c. why we have
very good Fortunes now for moderate People; and let me tell
you, besides Thousand, that this Two hundred Pound, with the
experience that we are now Masters of, is a better Estate than  #
the
Ten we have spent. - Our Friends indeed began to suspect that
our Pockets were low; but we came off with flying Colours,
shew'd no signs of want either in Word or Deed.
(^Aim.^) Ay, and our going to (^Brussels^) was a good Pretence
enough for our sudden disappearing; and I warrant you, our
Friends imagine that we are gone a volunteering.
(^Arch.^) Why Faith, if this Prospect fails, it must e'en come  #
to
<P 6>
that, I am for venturing one of the Hundreds if you will upon
this Knight-Errantry; but in case it should fail, we'll         #
reserve the
t'other to carry us to some Counterscarp, where we may die as
we liv'd in a Blaze.
(^Aim.^) With all my Heart; and we have liv'd justly,           #
(^Archer^) , we
can't say that we have spent our Fortunes, but that we have     #
enjoy'd
'em.
(^Arch.^) Right, so much Pleasure for so much Money, we have
had our Penyworths, and had I Millions, I wou'd go to the
same Market again. O (^London, London !^) well, we have had
our share, and let us be thankful; Past Pleasures, for ought I
know are best, such as we are sure of, those to come may        #
disappoint
us.
(^Aim.^) It has often griev'd the Heart of me, to see how some
inhumane Wretches murther their kind Fortunes; those that by
sacrificing all to one Appetite, shall starve all the rest. -   #
You shall
have some that live only in their Palates, and in their sense   #
of
tasting shall drown the other Four: Others are only Epicures in
Appearances, such who shall starve their Nights to make a       #
Figure
a Days, and famish their own to feed the Eyes of others: A      #
contrary
Sort confine their Pleasure to the dark, and contract their
spacious Acres to the Circuit of a Muff-string.
(^Arch.^) Right; but they find the (^Indies^) in that Spot      #
where they
consume 'em, and I think your kind Keepers have much the best
on't; for they indulge the most Senses by one Expence, there's
the Seeing, Hearing, and Feeling amply gratify'd; and some      #
Philosophers
will tell you, that from such a Commerce there arises
a sixth Sense that gives infinitely more Pleasure than the      #
other
five put together.
(^Aim.^) And to pass to the other Extremity, of all Keepers, I
think those the worst that keep their Money.
(^Arch.^) Those are the most miserable Wights in being, they
destroy the Rights of Nature, and disappoint the Blessings of
Providence: Give me a Man that keeps his Five Senses keen and
bright as his Sword, that has 'em always drawn out in their     #
just
order and strength, with his Reason as Commander at the Head
of 'em, that detaches 'em by turns upon whatever Party of       #
Pleasure
agreeably offers, and commands 'em to retreat upon the
least Appearance of Disadvantage or Danger: - For my part I
can stick to my Bottle, while my Wine, my Company, and my
<P 7>
Reason holds good; I can be charm'd with (^Sappho's^) singing
without falling in Love with her Face; I love Hunting, but
wou'd not, like (^Acteon^) , be eaten up by my own Dogs; I      #
love a
fine House, but let another keep it; and just so I love a fine
Woman.
(^Aim.^) In that last particular you have the better of me.
(^Arch.^) Ay, you're such an amorous Puppy, that I'm afraid
you'll spoil our Sport; you can't counterfeit the Passion       #
without
feeling it.
(^Aim.^) Tho' the whining part be out of doors in Town, 'tis
still in force with the Country Ladies; - And let me tell you
(^Frank^) , the Fool in that Passion shall outdoe the Knave at  #
any time.
(^Arch.^) Well, I won't dispute it now, you Command for the
Day, and so I submit; - At (^Nottingham^) you know I am to
be Master.
(^Aim.^) And at (^Lincoln^) I again.
(^Arch.^) Then at (^Norwich^) I mount, which, I think, shall    #
be our
last Stage; for if we fail there, we'll imbark for              #
(^Holland^) , bid
adieu to (^Venus^) , and welcome (^Mars^) .
(^Aim.^) A Match!
( (^Enter^) Bonniface.)
Mum.
(^Bon.^) What will your Worship please to have for Supper?
(^Aim.^) What have you got?
(^Bon.^) Sir, we have a delicate piece of Beef in the Pot, and  #
a
Pig at the Fire.
(^Aim.^) Good Supper-meat, I must confess, - I can't eat Beef,
Landlord.
(^Arch.^) And I hate Pig.
(^Aim.^) Hold your prating, Sirrah, do you know who you are?
(^Bon.^) Please to bespeak something else, I have every thing   #
in
the House.
(^Aim.^) Have you any Veal?
(^Bon.^) Veal! Sir, we had a delicate Loin of Veal on           #
(^Wednesday^)
last.
(^Aim.^) Have you got any Fish or Wildfowl?
(^Bon.^) As for Fish, truly Sir, we are an inland Town, and     #
indifferently
provided with Fish, that's the Truth ont, and then
for Wildfowl, - We have a delicate Couple of Rabbets.
(^Aim.^) Get me the Rabbets fricasy'd.
(^Bon.^) Fricasy'd! Lard, Sir, they'll eat much better          #
smother'd
with Onions.
<P 8>
(^Arch.^) Pshaw! damn your Onions.
(^Aim.^) Again, Sirrah! - Well, Landlord, what you please;
but hold, I have a small Charge of Money, and your House is
so full of Strangers, that I believe it may be safer in your    #
Custody
than mine; for when this Fellow of mine gets drunk, he
minds nothing. - Here, Sirrah, reach me the strong Box.
(^Arch.^) Yes, Sir, - This will give us a Reputation.
(^Aside.
Brings the box.^)
(^Aim.^) Here, Landlord, the Locks are sealed down both for
your Security and mine; it holds somewhat above Two hundred
Pound; if you doubt it, I'll count it to you after Supper;
but be sure you lay it where I may have it at a Minute's        #
warning;
for my Affairs are a little dubious at present, perhaps I may   #
be
gone in half an Hour, perhaps I may be your Guest till the best
part of that be spent; and pray order your Ostler to keep my
Horses always sadled; but one thing above the rest I must beg,
that you would let this Fellow have none of your (\Anno         #
Domini\) ,
as you call it; - For he's the most insufferable Sot - Here,
Sirrah, light me to my Chamber.
(^Exit lighted by^) Archer.
(^Bon.^) (^Cherry^) , Daughter (^Cherry^) ?
(^Enter^) Cherry.
(^Cher.^) D'ye call, Father?
(^Bon.^) Ay, Child, you must lay by this Box for the Gentleman,
'tis full of Money.
(^Cher.^) Money! all that Money! why, sure Father the Gentleman
comes to be chosen Parliament-man. Who is he?
(^Bon.^) I don't know what to make of him, he talks of keeping
his Horses ready sadled, and of going perhaps at a minute's
warning, or of staying perhaps till the best part of this be    #
spent.
(^Cher.^) Ay, ten to one, Father, he's a High-way-man.
(^Bon.^) A High-way-man! upon my Life, Girl, you have hit it,
and this Box is some new purchased Booty. - Now cou'd we find
him out, the Money were ours.
(^Cher.^) He don't belong to our Gang?
(^Bon.^) What Horses have they?
(^Cher.^) The Master rides upon a Black.
(^Bon.^) A Black! ten to one the Man upon the black Mare; and
since he don't belong to our Fraternity, we may betray him with
a safe Conscience; I don't think it lawful to harbour any       #
Rogues
but my own. - Look'ye, Child, as the saying is, we must
<P 9>
go cunningly to work, Proofs we must have, the Gentleman's
Servant loves Drink, I'll ply him that way, and ten to one      #
loves
a Wench; you must work him t'other way.
(^Cher.^) Father, would you have me give my Secret for his?
(^Bon.^) Consider, Child, there's Two hundred Pound to Boot.
( (^Ringing without.^) )
Coming, coming. - Child, mind your
Business.
(^Cher.^) What a Rogue is my Father! my Father! I deny it.
- My Mother was a good, generous, free-hearted Woman,
and I can't tell how far her good Nature might have extended
for the good of her Children. This Landlord of mine, for I
think I can call him no more, would betray his Guest, and       #
debauch
his Daughter into the bargain, - By a Footman too!
(^Enter^) Archer.

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 58>
[}SCENE, CHANGES TO A BED-CHAMBER IN LADY BOUNTIFUL'S
HOUSE.}]

(^Enter Mrs.^) Sull. Dor. (^undress'd, a Table and Lights^) .
(^Dor.^) 'Tis very late, Sister, no News of your Spouse yet?
Mrs. (^Sull.^) No, I'm condemn'd to be alone till towards four,
and then perhaps I may be executed with his Company.
(^Dor.^) Well, my Dear, I'll leave you to your rest; you'll go  #
directly
to Bed, I suppose.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) I don't know what to do? hey-hoe.
(^Dor.^) That's a desiring Sigh, Sister.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) This is a languishing Hour, Sister.
(^Dor.^) And might prove a Critical Minute, if the pretty       #
Fellow
were here.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Here! what, in my Bed-chamber, at two a Clock
o'th' Morning, I undress'd, the Family asleep, my hated Husband
abroad, and my lovely Fellow at my Feet - O gad, Sister!
(^Dor.^) Thoughts are free, Sister, and them I allow you - So,
my Dear, good Night.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) A good Rest to my dear (^Dorinda^) - Thoughts
free! are they so? why then suppose him here, dress'd like a
youthful, gay and burning Bridegroom. ( (^Here^) Archer         #
(^steals out
of the Closet^) .) with Tongue enchanting, Eyes bewitching,     #
Knees
imploring.
( (^Turns a little o' one side, and sees^) Archer (^in the      #
Posture
she describes^) .)
Ah!
( (^Shreeks, and runs to the other Side of
the Stage^) )
Have my Thoughts rais'd a Spirit? - What are you,
Sir, a Man or a Devil?
(^Arch.^) A Man, a Man, Madam.
(^Rising.^)
Mrs. (^Sull.^) How shall I be sure of it?
(^Arch.^) Madam, I'll give you Demonstration this Minute.
(^Takes her Hand.^)
Mrs. (^Sull.^) What, Sir! do you intend to be rude?
(^Arch.^) Yes, Madam, if you please.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) In the Name of Wonder, Whence came ye?
(^Arch.^) From the Skies, Madam - I'm a (^Jupiter^) in Love,
and you shall be my (^Alimena^) .
Mrs. (^Sull.^) How came you in?
<P 59>
(^Arch.^) I flew in at the Window, Madam, your Cozen (^Cupid^)  #
lent
me his Wings, and your Sister (^Venus^) open'd the Casement.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) I'm struck dumb with Admiration.
(^Arch.^) And I with wonder.
(^Looks passionately at her.^)
Mrs. (^Sull.^) What will become of me?
(^Arch.^) How beautiful she looks - The teeming Jolly Spring
Smiles in her blooming Face, and when she was conceiv'd, her
Mother smelt to Roses, look'd on Lillies - 
(^Lillies unfold their white, their fragrant Charms,
When the warm Sun thus Darts into their Arms.^)
(^Runs to her.^)
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Ah!
( (^Shreeks.^) )
(^Arch.^) Oons, Madam, what d'ye mean? you'll raise the
House.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Sir, I'll wake the Dead before I bear this - 
What! approach me with the Freedoms of a Keeper; I'm glad
on't, your Impudence has cur'd me.
(^Arch.^) If this be Impudence
( (^Kneels^) )
I leave to your partial
self; no panting Pilgrim after a tedious, painful Voyage, e'er
bow'd before his Saint with more Devotion.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Now, now, I'm ruin'd, if he kneels!
( (^Aside^) )
rise
thou prostrate Ingineer, not all thy undermining Skill shall
reach my Heart - Rise, and know, I am a Woman without
my Sex, I can love to all the Tenderness of Wishes, Sighs
and Tears - But go no farther - Still to convince you
that I'm more than Woman, I can speak my Frailty, confess my
Weakness even for you - But - 
(^Arch.^) For me!
(^Going to lay hold on her.^)
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Hold, Sir, build not upon that - For my most     #
mortal
hatred follows if you disobey what I command you now - 
leave me this Minute - If he denies, I'm lost.
(^Aside.^)
(^Arch.^) Then you'll promise - 
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Any thing another time.
(^Arch.^) When shall I come?
Mrs. (^Sull.^) To Morrow when you will.
(^Arch.^) Your Lips must seal the Promise.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Pshaw!
(^Arch.^) They must, they must
( (^Kisses her^) )
Raptures and Paradice!
and why not now, my Angel? the Time, the Place,
<P 60>
Silence and Secresy, all conspire - And the now conscious
Stars have preordain'd this Moment for my Happiness.
(^Takes her in her Arms.^)
Mrs. (^Sull.^) You will not, cannot sure.
(^Arch.^) If the Sun rides fast, and disappoints not Mortals    #
of to
Morrow's Dawn, this Night shall crown my Joys.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) My Sex's Pride assist me.
(^Arch.^) My Sex's Strength help me.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) You shall kill me first.
(^Arch.^) I'll dye with you.
(^Carrying her off.^)
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Thieves, Thieves, Murther - 
(^Enter^) Scrub (^in his Breeches, and one Shoe^) .
(^Scrub.^) Thieves, Thieves, Murther, Popery.
(^Arch.^) Ha! the very timorous Stag will kill in rutting time.
(^Draws and offers to Stab^) Scrub.
(^Scrub.^)
( (^Kneeling.^) )
O, Pray, Sir, spare all I have and take
my Life.
Mrs. (^Sull.^)
( (^Holding^) Archer's (^Hand^) .)
what do's the Fellow mean?
(^Scrub.^) O, Madam, down upon your Knees, your Marrow-bones - 
He's one of 'um.
(^Arch.^) Of whom?
(^Scrub.^) One of the Rogues - I beg your Pardon, Sir, one of   #
the
honest Gentlemen that just now are broke into the House.
(^Arch.^) How!
Mrs. (^Sull.^) I hope, you did not come to rob me?
(^Arch.^) Indeed I did, Madam, but I wou'd have taken nothing
but what you might ha' spar'd, but your crying Thieves has
wak'd this dreaming Fool, and so he takes 'em for granted.
(^Scrub.^) Granted! 'tis granted, Sir, take all we have.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) The Fellow looks as if he were broke out of      #
(^Bedlam^) .
(^Scrub.^) Oons, Madam, they're broke in to the House with Fire
and Sword, I saw them, heard them, they'll be here this Minute.
(^Arch.^) What, Thieves!
(^Scrub.^) Under Favour, Sir, I think so.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) What shall we do, Sir?
(^Arch.^) Madam, I wish your Ladyship a good Night.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Will you leave me?
(^Arch.^) Leave you! Lord, Madam, did not you command me
to be gone just now upon pain of your immortal Hatred.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Nay, but pray, Sir - 
(^Takes hold of him.^)
<P 61>
(^Arch.^) Ha ha, ha, now comes my turn to be ravish'd. - You
see now, Madam, you must use Men one way or other; but take
this by the way, good Madam, that none but a Fool will give
you the benefit of his Courage, unless you'll take his Love     #
along
with it. - How are they arm'd, Friend?
(^Scrub.^) With Sword and Pistol, Sir.
(^Arch.^) Hush - I see a dark Lanthorn coming thro' the         #
Gallery.
- Madam, be assur'd I will protect you, or lose my Life.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Your Life! no, Sir, they can rob me of nothing
that I value half so much; therefore, now, Sir, let me intreat
you to be gone.
(^Arch.^) No, Madam, I'll consult my own Safety for the sake
of yours, I'll work by Stratagem: Have you Courage enough to
stand the appearance of 'em.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Yes, yes, since I have scap'd your Hands, I can  #
face
any thing.
(^Arch.^) Come hither, Brother (^Scrub^) , don't you know me?
(^Scrub.^) Eh! my dear Brother, let me kiss thee.
(^Kisses^) Archer.
(^Arch.^) This way - Here - 
Archer (^and^) Scrub (^hide behind the Bed.
Enter^) Gibbet (^with a dark Lanthorn in one Hand
and a Pistol in t'other.^)
(^Gib.^) Ay, ay, this is the Chamber, and the Lady alone.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Who are you, Sir? what wou'd you have? d'ye
come to rob me?
(^Gib,^) Rob you! alack a day, Madam, I'm only a younger
Brother, Madam; and so, Madam, if you make a Noise, I'll
shoot you thro' the Head; but don't be afraid, Madam.
(^Laying his Lanthorn and Pistol upon the Table.^)
These Rings, Madam, don't be concern'd, Madam, I have a
profound Respect for you, Madam; your Keys, Madam, don't
be frighted, Madam, I'm the most of a Gentleman.
(^Searching her Pockets.^)
This Necklace, Madam, I never was rude to a Lady; - I have a
Veneration - for this Necklace - 
(^Here^) Archer (^having come round and seiz'd the Pistols,     #
takes^) Gibbet
(^by the Collar, trips up his Heels, and claps the Pistol to    #
his Breast.^)
(^Arch.^) Hold, profane Villain, and take the Reward of thy
Sacrilege.
(^Gib.^) Oh! Pray, Sir, don't kill me; I an't prepar'd.
(^Arch.^) How many is there of 'em, (^Scrub^) ?
<P 62>
(^Scrub.^) Five and Forty, Sir.
(^Arch.^) Then I must kill the Villain to have him out of the   #
way.
(^Gib.^) Hold, hold, Sir, we are but three upon my Honour.
(^Arch.^) (^Scrub^) , will you undertake to secure him?
(^Scrub.^) Not I, Sir; kill him, kill him.
(^Arch.^) Run to (^Gipsey's^) Chamber, there you'll find the    #
Doctor;
bring him hither presently.
(^Exit Scrub running.^)
Come, Rogue, if you have a short Prayer, say it.
(^Gip.^) Sir, I have no Prayer at all; the Government has       #
provided
a Chaplain to say Prayers for us on these Occasions.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Pray, Sir, don't kill him; - You fright me as    #
much
as him.
(^Arch.^) The Dog shall die, Madam, for being the Occasion of
my disappointment. - Sirrah, this Moment is your last.
(^Gib.^) Sir, I'll give you Two hundred Pound to spare my Life.
(^Arch.^) Have you no more Rascal;
(^Gib.^) Yes, Sir, I can command Four hundred; but I must       #
reserve
Two of 'em to save my Life at the Sessions.
(^Enter^) Scrub (^and^) Foigard.
(^Arch.^) Here, Doctor, I suppose (^Scrub^) and you between you
may manage him. - Lay hold of him, Doctor.
Foig. (^lays hold of^) Gibbet.
(^Gib.^) What! turn'd over to the Priest already. - Look'ye,
Doctor, you come before your time; I'ant condemn'd yet, I
thank'ye.
(^Foig.^) Come, my dear Joy, I vill secure your Body and your
Shoul too; I vill make you a good Catholick, and give you an
Absolution.
(^Gib.^) Absolution! can you procure me a Pardon, Doctor?
(^Foig.^) No, Joy. - 
(^Gib.^) Then you and your Absolution may go to the Devil.
(^Arch.^) Convey him into the Cellar, there bind him: - Take
the Pistol, and if he offers to resist, shoot him thro' the     #
Head,
- and come back to us with all the speed you can.
(^Scrub.^) Ay, ay, come, Doctor, do you hold him fast, and I'll
guard him.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) But how came the Doctor?
(^Arch.^) In short, Madam - 
( (^Shreeking without.^) )
S'death! the
Rogues are at work with the other Ladies. - I'm vex'd I
parted with the Pistol; but I must fly to their Assistance. - 
<P 63>
Will you stay here, Madam, or venture your self with me.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) O, with you, dear Sir, with you.
(^Takes him by the Arm and Exeunt.^)

[}SCENE, CHANGES TO ANOTHER APARTMENT
IN THE SAME HOUSE.}]

(^Enter^) Hounslow (^dragging in Lady^) Bountyfull, (^and^)     #
Bagshot
(^halling in^) Dorinda; (^the Rogues with Swords drawn^) .
(^Houn.^) Come, come, your Jewels, Mistriss.
(^Bag.^) Your Keys, your Keys, old Gentlewoman.
(^Enter^) Aimwell (^and^) Cherry.
(^Aim.^) Turn this way, Villains; I durst engage an Army in
such a Cause.
(^He engages 'em both.^)
(^Dor.^) O, Madam, had I but a Sword to help the brave Man?
L. (^Boun.^) There's three or four hanging up in the Hall; but
they won't draw. I'll go fetch one however.
(^Exit.^)
(^Enter^) Archer (^and Mrs.^) Sullen.
(^Arch.^) Hold, hold, my Lord, every Man his Bird, pray.
(^They engage Man to Man, the Rogues are thrown and disarm'd.^)
(^Cher.^) What! the Rogues taken! then they'll impeach my
Father; I must give him timely Notice.
(^Runs out.^)
(^Arch.^) Shall we kill the Rogues?
(^Aim.^) No, no, we'll bind them.
(^Arch.^) Ay, ay; here, Madam, lend me your Garter?
(^To Mrs.^) Sullen (^who stands by him^) .
Mrs. (^Sull.^) The Devil's in this Fellow; he fights, loves,    #
and
banters, all in a Breath. - Here's a Cord that the Rogues
brought with 'em, I suppose.
(^Arch.^) Right, right, the Rogue's Destiny, a Rope to hang
himself. - Come, my Lord, - This is but a scandalous sort
of an Office,
( (^Binding the Rogues together.^) )
if our Adventures
shou'd end in this sort of Hangman-work; but I hope there is
something in prospect that - 
( (^Enter^) Scrub.)
Well, (^Scrub^) ,
have you secur'd your (^Tartar^) ?
(^Scrub.^) Yes, Sir, I left the Priest and him disputing about
Religion.
(^Aim.^) And pray carry these Gentlemen to reap the Benefit of
the Controversy.
(^Delivers the Prisoners to^) Scrub, (^who leads 'em out^) .
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Pray, Sister, how came my Lord here?
<P 64>
(^Dor.^) And pray, how came the Gentleman here?
Mrs. (^Sull.^) I'll tell you the greatest piece of Villainy - 
(^They talk in dumb show.^)
(^Aim.^) I fancy, (^Archer^) , you have been more successful    #
in your
Adventures than the House-breakers.
(^Arch.^) No matter for my Adventure, yours is the principal.   #
- 
Press her this Minute to marry you, - now while she's hurry'd
between the Palpitation of her Fear, and the Joy of her
Deliverance, now while the Tide of her Spirits are at           #
High-flood - 
Throw your self at her Feet; speak some (^Romantick^)
Nonsense or other; - Address her like (^Alexander^) in
the height of his Victory, confound her Senses, bear down her
Reason, and away with her - The Priest is now in the Cellar,
and dare not refuse to do the work.
(^Enter Lady^) Bountifull.
(^Aim.^) But how shall I get off without being observ'd?
(^Arch.^) You a Lover! and not find a way to get off - Let me   #
see.
(^Aim.^) You bleed, (^Archer^) .
(^Arch.^) S'death, I'm glad on't; this Wound will do the        #
Business - 
I'll amuse the old Lady and Mrs. (^Sullen^) about dressing
my Wound, while you carry off (^Dorinda^) .
L. (^Boun.^) Gentlemen, cou'd we understand how you wou'd be
gratified for the Services - 
(^Arch.^) Come, come, my Lady, this is no time for Complements,
I'm wounded, Madam.
L. (^Boun.^) How! wounded!
Mrs. (^Sull.^)
(^Dor.^) I hope, Sir, you have receiv'd no Hurt?
(^Aim.^) None but what you may cure. - 
(^Makes Love in dumb show.^)
L. (^Boun.^) Let me see your Arm, Sir. - I must have some
Powder-sugar to stop the Blood - O me! an ugly Gash
upon my Word, Sir, you must go into Bed.
(^Arch.^) Ay, my Lady a Bed wou'd do very well. - Madam,
( (^To Mrs.^) Sull.)
Will you do me the Favour to conduct me to a
Chamber?
L. (^Boun.^) Do, do, Daughter - while I get the Lint and
the Probe and the Plaister ready.
(^Runs out one way^) , Aimwell (^carries off^) Dorinda          #
(^another^) .
(^Arch.^) Come, Madam, why don't you obey your Mother's
Commands.
<P 65>
Mrs. (^Sull.^) How can you, after what is past, have the        #
Confidence
to ask me?
(^Arch.^) And if you go to that, how can you after what is      #
past,
have the Confidence to deny me? - Was not this Blood shed
in your Defence, and my Life expos'd for your Protection. - 
Look'ye, Madam, I'm none of your (^Romantick^) Fools, that
fight Gyants and Monsters for nothing; my Valour is down
right (^Swiss^) ; I'm a Soldier of Fortune and must be paid.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) 'Tis ungenerous in you, Sir, to upbraid me with
your Services.
(^Arch.^) 'Tis ungenerous in you, Madam, not to reward 'em.
Mrs. (^Sull.^) How! at the Expence of my Honour.
(^Arch.^) Honour! can Honour consist with Ingratitude? if you
wou'd deal like a Woman of Honour, do like a Man of Honour,
d'ye think I wou'd deny you in such a Case?
(^Enter a Servant.^)
(^Ser.^) Madam, my Lady order'd me to tell you that your        #
Brother
is below at the Gate?
Mrs. (^Sull.^) My Brother? Heavens be prais'd. - Sir, he shall
thank you for your Services, he has it in his Power.
(^Arch.^) Who is your Brother, Madam?
Mrs. (^Sull.^) Sir (^Charles Freeman^) . - You'll excuse me,    #
Sir; I
must go and receive him.
(^Arch.^) Sir (^Charles Freeman!^) S'death and Hell! - My old   #
Acquaintance.
Now unless (^Aimwell^) has made good use of his time, all
our fair Machine goes souse into the Sea like the               #
(^Edistone^) .
(^Exit.^)



<B CEPRIV3>
<Q E3 XX CORP RHADDSR>
<N LET TO WIFE>
<A HADDOCK SR RICHARD>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SAMPLE 1:

HADDOCK, RICHARD, SR.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE CAMDEN MISCELLANY, VOLUME THE EIGHTH:
CONTAINING ... CORRESPONDENCE OF THE FAMILY 
OF HADDOCK, 1657-1719.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XXXI.
ED. E. M. THOMPSON.
LONDON, 1965 (1883). 
PP. 14.23 - 16.8  (RHADDSR)
P.  21.2  - 21.19
PP. 43.1  - 46.7

HADDOCK, RICHARD, JR.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 41.12 - 42.13 (RHADDJR)

HADDOCK, NICHOLAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 50.21 - 51.15 (NHADD)

SAMPLE 2:

STRYPE, JOHN.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ORIGINAL LETTERS OF EMINENT LITERARY
MEN OF THE SIXTEENTH, SEVENTEENTH,
AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, XXIII.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON, 1843.
PP. 180.18 - 183.32 (70-71) (STRYPE)

SAMPLE 3:

OXINDEN, HENRY.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
THE OXINDEN AND PEYTON LETTERS, 1642-1670.
BEING THE CORRESPONDENCE OF HENRY OXINDEN 
OF BARHAM, SIR THOMAS PEYTON OF KNOWLTON 
AND THEIR CIRCLE.
ED. D. GARDINER.
LONDON: THE SHELDON PRESS AND 
NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 1937.
PP. 272.8  - 281.19 (178-180) (HOXINDEN)
PP. 291.19 - 293.20 (185)

OXINDEN, ELIZABETH.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 308.1  - 310.6  (196) (EOXINDEN)
PP. 320.22 - 322.27 (204)
PP. 331.16 - 333.35 (209) 

SAMPLE 4:

HATTON, CHARLES.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE FAMILY OF HATTON
BEING CHIEFLY LETTERS ADDRESSED TO
CHRISTOPHER FIRST VISCOUNT HATTON,
A. D. 1601-1704, VOLS. I-II.
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XXII-XXIII.
ED. E. M. THOMPSON.
WESTMINSTER, 1878. 
I, PP. 159.19 - 161.5 (CHATTON)

HATTON, FRANCES.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
I, PP. 147.6 - 148.28 (FHATTON)

HATTON, ALICE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
I, PP. 240.16 - 242.12 (ALHATTON)
I, P.  245.1  - 245.24

HATTON, ANNE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
I, PP. 211.24 - 212.23 (ANHATTON)
I, P.  214.1  - 214.18

HATTON, ELIZABETH.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
II, P. 50.1 - 50.30 (EHATTON)

SAMPLE 5:

PINNEY, JANE.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
LETTERS OF JOHN PINNEY 1679-1699.
ED. G. F. NUTTALL.
LONDON, NEW YORK AND TORONTO:
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1939. 
PP. 17.15 - 19.7  (9)   (JPINNEY)
PP. 39.6  - 40.19 (18A) 

PINNEY, JOHN.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 58.9 - 59.23 (32) (JOPINNEY)

SAMPLE 6:

HENRY, PHILIP.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
DIARIES AND LETTERS OF PHILIP HENRY, M. A.
OF BROAD OAK, FLINTSHIRE, A. D. 1631-1696.
ED. M. H. LEE.
LONDON: KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH & CO., 1882.
PP. 340.13 - 341.30 (9) (PHENRY)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 14>
[} [^RICHARD HADDOCK TO HIS WIFE.^] }]

R. James, in Southold Bay, this 25th May, 1672; Saturday        #
evening.

My dearest love,
   These I send by Capt. Poole, who w=th= the Garland frig=tt=  #
in 
comp=a=, hath leave to goe his former intended voaidge for      #
Barbados.
Pray advize my bro=r= Bradenham of itt. They will be good       #
convoy
for Mr. Naufan's ship w=th= masts, &c., w=ch= lyes at           #
Gravesend, to goe
thorough the Channell w=th= them.
<P 15>
   This day I gote two protections from the Duke, one for Mr. 
Naufan's ship at Lancaster for 50 men, y=e= other for y=e=      #
ship w=th= stores
for 20 men, w=ch= is speciall protections, y=t= the men will    #
not be
molested. Tell my Bro=r= Bradenham I have given them to Mr.     #
Sam.
Hawkes, who is comeing w=th= them.
   I am sory to heare poore Sam Lane was prest into y=e= French
Victory, and since caryed into Holland. I pitty the losse of    #
the men
in her, but y=e= Capt. will have his reward for looseing her    #
soe basely.
The Dutch fleet lye now neare the Gallaper in expectation of    #
us;
we are very neere, ready to waite on them. 2 or 3 days must not
breake square w=th= us; but they are deceaved to think we       #
intend to
fight them amongst the sands. I supose our martch wilbe over    #
for
y=e= coast of Holland into sea roome and deepe watter. We are,  #
notwithstanding
Capt. Poole and his consarts leaveing us, 90 men of
warr, 26 fire ships, many small vessells. I supose the Dutch
daylie add to ther strength as well as wee. God Allmighty be    #
our
defence.
   My deare, I am sory that my first letter from Southold,      #
w=ch= went
by land, advized the of our 2 days stay, whereas we have bine   #
heere
4 days, and shall stay 3 or 4 longer. Then we shall have        #
wattered
our whole fleet for one month, and victualld compleat for 2     #
months,
and mand I beleive thoroughout y=e= fleet, not 500 wanting. I
rather think, in a day or two longer, we may have 1000          #
supernumeraryes. 
A very worthy brave fleet, I think, as ever were
together. God give us couragious hearts, and then I beleive     #
they
may be ventured.
   I hope all my loveing relations at Rederif and Wapping are   #
in
health, to whome present my love and saluts. I expect to heare
from the by the yacht w=ch= I sent my last letter by, Captain   #
Burstow,
Comander. I blesse God I am now in good health, though 5 or 6
days since, and when we were going to fight the Dutch, I had    #
such
a paine in my right arme that could not use it but very litle;  #
but
now, thanke God, am very well. My deare Betty, I have only to
<P 16>
add my saluts to thyselfe w=th= my daughter; doe remaine thyne  #
till
death us part, 
Richard Haddock

   This I intended thee by Capt. Poole, but was gone ere I      #
could put
it on bord him; therfore doe send it by the post. I rec=d=      #
last night
bro=r= Thornbrugh's letter, 23 instant, by y=e= Dreadnought's   #
Leiveten=t=.
He wrights me of thy health, and y=t= I shall rec=e= a letter   #
from the by
y=e= Hatton ketch.

I am thyne, 
R. Haddock.
26 May, '72.

<P 21>
[} [^RICHARD HADDOCK TO HIS WIFE^] }]

Yet on bord y=e= R. Charles, this 31 May, 1673.
My deare Betty,
   I wrote the two dayes since of God's goodnes to mee in o=r=  #
late
bataile. I gave the acc=t= of Capt. Trevanions suposed to be    #
killed,
but he is well; and allso Capt. Courtney, w=ch= was reported    #
to be
killed, is alive and well. Capt. Worden is since dead of his    #
wounds.
We are now shifting ships, goeing on bord the London; the       #
reason
I gave in my last. S=r= Jn=o= Harman goes from the London into  #
the
Sovraigne, and Capt. Hayward out y=e= Sovraigne into this       #
ship. It
is no smal trouble to me to part from this brave ship; her      #
only fault
is she is tender sided, in all respects otherwayes the best     #
ship in the
world. 
   My deare, I am very well; My bro=r= Joseph and unckle        #
Richard
likewise. The Prince in good health, and our fleet prepareing   #
for
another incounter, if the Dutch comes out. My deare, I am thyne
till death, 
Richard Haddock.

   Pray, if Com=r= Deane be not in towne, send forward the      #
inclosed
to Portsm=o=.

<Q E3 XX CORP RHADDSR>
<N LET TO SON>
<A HADDOCK SR RICHARD>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H PROF HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 43>
[} [\SIR RICHARD HADDOCK TO HIS SON RICHARD.\] }]

Navy Office, this 27th Nov=r=, 1702.
Deare Son,
   I have yo=rs= of yesterday's date, form the Downes, w=ch=    #
brings us
the joyfull tydeings of yo=r= safe arrivall there. Yo=r= long   #
passage
from Newfoundland put us in great feare of your wellfare, and   #
perticularly
your mo=r= hath bine for a month or 5 weekes crying for 
you and yo=r= brother Nic=s= safety; but blessed be God you     #
are both
come well home. Your bro=r= now with us came up from the 
Downes by leave from his Cap=t=, and hath behaved himself with  #
so
much bravery and couradge that he hath gained the good report
of the Duke of Ormond, his Capt=t=, &c., both in the action at  #
Rotta
and St. Mary Port, and Vigo, and was the first man that borded
one of the gallions at Vigo, w=ch= is come home. I do not find  #
by
yo=r= letter that you were w=th= your Comodore at the takeing   #
and
destroying the French shipps to the southwards of Trepassa, and
consequently you will not come in for your share of that        #
capture.
The news papers tells us yo=r= prize is got into Plym=o=, and   #
for your
boate w=th= 5 men you say you left behind at Plym=o= we never   #
heard
anything of it, w=ch= gives you trouble; and because you write  #
not
of my Coz W=m's= wellfare, I am conscernd for feare he might    #
be in
that boate. To morrow morning I intend to go to y=e= Adm=ty=    #
and
endeavor you may come into the River, if his R. Highness orders
your cleaneing.
   God Allmighty hath blest y=e= forces of her Maj=ty= and her  #
Allies,
<P 44>
both by land and sea, in a wonderfull manner; for w=ch= we      #
lately
had a publick day of thanksgiveing in this citty. The Queene,
House of Lords and Comons, w=th= the Bishops, Judges, &c. came
to S=t= Paul's Church, where, after sermon, Te Deum was sung.
   Since your leaveing England, two of our bord are dead,       #
viz=t=.
Mr. Sotherne and my good freind Com=r= Willshaw, who dyed y=e=
23=d= Sept=r= last. My Coz Anna Babb, that was in one of our    #
almes
houses at Stepny, is likewise dead, and my poore Coz=n=         #
Lockwood's
son in law, Coz=n= Hodges, dyed lately at Gosport, since his    #
arrivall
from Cadix and Vigo, who waited a tender on y=e= Duke of        #
Ormond's
shipp. We are all in good health, praised be God, and do kindly
salut you. I am your most afection=t= father, 
R=d= Haddock.

   Pray let me know how yo=r= shipp proves. I have concerd my
selfe to get one of y=e= 4=th= rates building at Deptfod for    #
you, and
this day spake to S=r= Geo. Rooke about it, and formerly to     #
y=e= other
3 Councill of y=e= Lord High Adm=ll=. I know she is tender by   #
your
reifeing your courses; and twas well hinted in yours to y=e=    #
Adm=ty=.
I am glad you past by Plym=o=. Orders went thither some tyme
since to cleane you and severall of yo=r= consarts. 
R=d= H.

On Her Majesty's Service. To Capt=n= Richard Haddock,
Comand=r= of her Maj=ty= Shipp the Reserve,
these present, In y=e= Downes.


[} [^SIR RICHARD HADDOCK TO HIS SON RICHARD.^] }]

Navy Office, this 10=th= Decemb=r=, 1703.
My deare Son,
   Your letter of the 17=th= Nov=r= past, giveing me acc=t= of  #
the unhapy
disaster of your ship being run ashore by a Dutch pilot and of  #
your
happy getting off againe, I rec=d= 3 or 4 ds. after its date;   #
but, hopeing
<P 45>
you might have gote away before an answer could arrive you, I
forbore answering it to you to Helvoet Sluce. I have just now   #
rec=d=
yours of the 7=th= instant, Tuesday, and, to our great joy,     #
the acc=t= of
God Almighty's wonderfull preservation of you in the late most
dreadfull storm, w=ch= no man liveing can remember the like. I  #
perseave
you have had an acc=t= of the most sad and lamentable efects of
it heere in England, not only in the losse of our shipp[{ing{]  #
 , but
about 1500 men in the Queen's shipps. I shall not eneumerate    #
y=e=
perticulars of the losse, only that Capt. Emes, w=th= his wife  #
and son
and all y=e= men in y=e= Restauration, lost on y=e= Goodwin,    #
and poore
Tom Blake drowned at Bristoll in y=e= Canterbury store ship     #
cast
away. The Dorcetshire we have acc=t= of her being on y=e= back  #
of
Yarm=o= Sands, cruseing, I supose for want of anchors and       #
cables, and
hope y=e= Association is cruseing in the sea on the like        #
occasion. My
deare son Nic=o= hapend to be sick on bord her, as S=r= S.      #
Fairebone
wrote me from the Downes. I sent Tom Apleby imediatly to
Deale to bring him up; but the ship sailed y=e= morning before  #
he
gote downe. I hope he will come well home to us. Pray God the
Russell may be got of y=e= sands and into Helvoet Sluce.
   Wee haue 7 or 8 vessells w=th= anchors and cables in         #
Harw=ch= or
Oasely bay, ready to put to sea when we heare where S=r=        #
Stafford is.
S=r= Cloud. Shovell I hope now safe at the Nore; his mainemast  #
cut
downe after he had drove 3 leag=s= from y=e= Longs, very neare  #
the
Galloper. Y=e= S=t= Geo. and R. Oake, now at Blackstakes, rode  #
out
y=e= storme w=th=out damage; and the Cambridge I beleive the    #
same.
The 4 ships that broke from their ground takle was the          #
Association,
Russell, Revenge, and Dorcetshire. The Revenge was in Solebay
some tyme since, and furnish w=th= anchors and cables from      #
y=e= Nottingham 
and another man of warr y=t= went out Yarm=o= roads to looke
for our shipps. Capt. Kerr in y=e= Revenge gave acc=t= that he  #
saw
<P 46>
y=e= Association, Monday last was sevenight; so that we are in  #
hope 
she is very well. I shall not inlarge, only to give you our     #
kind
saluts. Pray God send you w=th= y=e= King of Spaine well out    #
that
place and over to us. My harty and humble service to S=r= Geo:
Rooke. 
I am your most afec=t= father,
R. H.

<Q E3 XX CORP RHADDJR>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A HADDOCK JR RICHARD>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 41>
[} [\RICHARD HADDOCK TO HIS FATHER, SIR RICHARD HADDOCK.\] }]

Aprill y=e= 23=d= [\1692\] ; Munday, in y=e= Hooke.
Honourd S=r=,
   This is to acquaint of our ingaging w=th= y=e= French and    #
of our
haveing gott y=e= victory. Wee mett y=m= of sea, May 19. There
was about 60 saile. Wee fought y=m= from 11 to 9 att night;     #
since
w=ch=, have been in pursuit of y=m=. There is run ashoare, in   #
Sherbrook
bay, Torveil w=th= 3 more capitall ships, w=ch= are now         #
burned. Cozen
Tom Heath burnt Torveil; and have chased 14 saile more in y=e=
Hooke, where wee now are. S=r= Cloudsly Shovel is goeing in     #
w=th=
y=e= 3=d= rates and fire-ships to destroy y=m=. Wee have been   #
soe unfortunate
<P 42>
as [{to{] lose Rear Adm=ll= Carter in y=e= fight. I am very     #
well
and have received no wound; only a small splinter hitt mee on   #
y=e=
thigh, but did no damage, only made itt black and blew. I would
write more particularly, but y=e= vessell I heare is goeing     #
away presently;
soe, haveing no more att present, butt duty to your self and
my mother,
I remain your dutyfull Son,
Rich=d= Haddock.

   Cozen Ruffin is alive and very well. I will write y=e=       #
particulars
of our fight as soon as wee come into any port.
R=d= H.

<Q E3 XX CORP NHADD>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A HADDOCK NICHOLAS>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 50>
[} [^NICHOLAS HADDOCK TO HIS FATHER^] }]

Alicant, this 31=st= of July, 1706.
Hon=d= S=r=,
   I have both y=r= letters by Capt=n= Delevall, as also the    #
butter and
cheeses, for w=ch= I returne you thanks. I'm glad to hear both  #
my
sisters are so well recovered by the Bath. Pray God continue    #
their
healths. Sunday last we took this place, attacking it by land   #
and
sea; and almost all the people of it are run up to the castle,  #
w=th=
the garrison, for protection. We assisted our army with 500     #
seamen.
I have been ashore with 50 of our ship's company during
<P 51>
the seige; am very heartily fateigued, but very well in health.
After we have got the castle, I hear the fleet will go for the  #
Islands
of Minorca and Majorca, and, after that, I hope home. If the
S=t= George should not do, intend asking S=r= Jn=o= Leake       #
leave for
my self.
   I'm glad to hear the ship at Sheernes will be launcht so     #
soon as
March. I hope I'm pretty secure of her. I desire your excuse    #
for
this bad scrawle and blotted paper, but I write w=th= a pen     #
made w=th=
an old razor that I find in the house I'm quartered in. I have  #
no
more to say but my duty to y=r= self and mother and love to all
freinds in London and Mile end, and remaine,
Hon=d= S=r=,
Y=r= dutifull Son,
N. Haddock.

P.S. - This lett=r= goes by the Rye.
To S=r= Rich=d= Haddock, at the Navy Office in
Crutched Fryars, London, these.


<S SAMPLE 2> 

<Q E3 XX CORP STRYPE>
<N LET TO MOTHER>
<A STRYPE JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y -20>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 180>
[} [\LXX.\] }]
[} [\JOHN STRYPE TO HIS MOTHER. CONTINUATION OF THE ACCOUNT OF  #
HIS
COLLEGE LIFE.\] }]

Tuesday From S=t= Kath. Hall
in Cambridge, 16 Aug. 1664.

Kind Mother,
   The ii. Present I received with your Letter +L6. which was   #
forthwith
carried to my Tutor, who, I understood, expected a greater
lump, which you may guess by my Bill here enclosed; also        #
because
we were behind-hand with him in former Accounts. It would be
good if the remainder of the money due to this Bill could be    #
sent
by the next. The next Quarter, which is approaching, would be   #
the
more tolerable. Assure yourself I am not so far out of the way,
or so unconcerned, but that I am sensible of the charges that a
<P 181>
College life doth expect, and particularly mine; and therefore
have endeavoured, and shall, the time providence hath allotted
for my stay here, continue in the same endeavour: to wit, of
redeeming the hastening hours, and improving them, so as that   #
it
may be for my advantage and credit, and therewith all my        #
friends
comforts hereafter. Take this from a serious Pen. Pray lett's
understand whether that Letter miscarried which I sent last     #
week
to my sister Welsh. There was something in it I would have
an answer to.
   I know you expect I should tell you what is become of the
money I brought along with me: and I will gladly satisfy you in
any thing. Some of it is yet remaining in my hands, for uses:
and I question not but you are well contented I should have
something laying by mee against necessity. Ten Shillings you
know I paid out of it for the Horse I came from London upon.
Another 10=s= I gave to my taylor in part of payment for making
my Sute. More of it went for Books, whereupon you see noe
Books in my Bill. The remainder you may conclude is in my
custody. Excuse, I beseech you, the largenesse of my taylor's 
Account, and it shall be less for the future. Bed-maker and
Laundresse are set down for a whole Quarter: whereas I was
absent a Month: so that what my Laundresse hath had overplus
the last Quarter, shall be abated her for so much of this       #
Quarter;
and so I have turned her off: besides her loosing my linnen
and washing dirtily, she hath also grosly abused me, and one
or two others; but when all comes to all, hath worst of all     #
abused
and besooted herself: and all for a trifle, and most unjustly.
   We have hereabouts most intollerable robbing: never by       #
reports
so much. I have heard within two or three days of six or seven
robberies hereabouts committed: whereof two or three killed. No
longer than last sabbath, a mile of, a man knocked on the head.
Lately a scholar of Peter House had both his eares cut off,     #
because
he told the thieves, after he had delivered some money to
them, that he would give them leave to inflict any punishment
<P 182>
upon him, if he had a farthing more: but they searching him,
found, it seems, 20=s= more: so they took him at his word, and
inflicted the cheater's punishment upon him.
   The season beginning now to hasten towards Winter, and a
Coat I shall have great occasion for. It may be you may meet
with a piece of black cloth, either in the chest my uncle       #
Bonnell
sent, or among the Broakers, which may serve my turn. If you
meet with such a piece cheape, do not passe the opportunity.
   My respects and service to all my Friends, particularly to   #
my
brother and sister Johnson, whom I understand are now returned,
and I hope in good health, and I shall remain for ever

Your very much engaged Son, 
John V. Stryp.

   I see not the silver buckles I was promised; yet they
would be received very thankfully, if they came.
These
for Mrs. Hester Stryp, at Mr. Walsh's
House in S=t= Martin's, London.


[} [\LXXI.\] }]
[} [\JOHN STRYPE TO HIS MOTHER. ABOUT TO TAKE HIS DEGREE.\] }]

Saturday Even: 1665.
Good Mother,
   I am unsatisfied very much if I cannot heare from you once a
weeke, whiles Times are so troublesome, and the place and air
you live in is so dangerous and infectious. This is the cause   #
that
I resolved this Saturday Evening to trouble you with a Letter.  #
I
am ready to think my Tuesday Letter was miscarried, because no
Answer to it, especially being of concernment. I pray let me    #
understand
<P 183>
how affairs go. I cannot but imagine you now begin
to be a little fearful of the Plague. The Report goes, that no  #
lesse
than sixty were buried Thursday Evening of that disease. I hope
by this time you are convinced it is the best way to change     #
your
habitation for the Country.
   But secondly, and chiefly, concerning my Degree. The next
Monday or Tuesday come seven-night, I expect to be Bachelor of
Arts, so that you will but supply me with some money. I have
enquired, and understand that it will stand me in +L8 the       #
cheapest
way; and therefore, I beseech you, fayle not to procure it for  #
me.
You may send either by Hurst on Tuesday, or Waterson on
Friday.
   That I have not yet wrote to Brother Johnson is, because I
have not been able to answer him in the particular of           #
Subscription,
having not had the opportunity of speaking either with the
Proctor, or my Tutor; but, as far as I can understand, there is
no escaping of it: yet it is a more harmelesse thing then is    #
imagined,
and no more than himselfe subscribed to, and all other since
Q. Elizabeth's reigne: being nothing else then the chiefe       #
heads of
the Protestant Religion.
   Thus much at present in haste. My humblest service to my
Aunt, and sister Welsh, with the rest.

I am your most obedient Son,
John Stryp.

From Katharine Hall, Cambridge,
June 17, 1665.

   If you have provided those Stockings before spoken of
I pray send them. J. Stryp.

These for Mrs. Hester Strype.
   Leave these at the further-most House in
Nettleton's Court, without Aldersgate. Or at
Mr. Welsh's, a Goldsmith in New Rents in
S=t= Martin's in London. Del.


<S SAMPLE 3>

<Q E3 XX CORP HOXINDEN>
<N LET TO WIFE>
<A OXINDEN HENRY>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 272>
[} [\CLXXVIII\] }]
[} [\HENRY OXINDEN TO HIS WIFE\] }]

My deare,
   I did write to thee by the Fryday post, and since by
the Tuesday post, and have not omitted writing to thee by
the Fryday and Tuesday Post since I came to London.
<P 273>
My mind is with thee howsoever I am forced to be absent
from Thee. I see thy care and vigilance and thank Thee;
mine is not wanting wherein I may. I have received thy
Letter of Saturday last and Tuesday morning with the half 
shirt, band and cuffes and handkerchiffe.
   If others I have to do with were as reall to mee as is Dr
Hardres, Dr. Reading, Mr Aldy and Mr. Hannington I could
not do amisse. Men here ar of another temper and a Man
knows not how to beleive anie of them. I went to Lambeth
with thy Noate of Cranbroke with my  Brother Barrow
and desired Dr. Porie, who hath Ickham and is a kinsman
and favorite of the Archbishop, to help mee to either. Hee
sayd Smarden and Cranbroke ar disposed of and the other
dubious; but none know when these Men speake truth.
Mr. Aylmer told my brother Richard and mee yesterday
of a Divine came to a Bishop so often as being wearie
is resolved to attend no longer. And my Brother told
another storie of another Divine came to a Bishop, viz the
Bishop of London (but I suppose it was some other Bishop,
for hee is reputed to be honest) and told Him that hee came
to acquaint Him of a liveing was said lately to be fallen by
the Incumbent's decease and desired hee might have it:
t'is said hee told Him it was true, but the liveing was         #
disposed
of the Night before; whereupon the Gent replyed
that the Incumbent was as live as either of them, and hee
sayd it to see their tricks etc and so in an anger departed.
Whether this be true or noe in this particular these courses
ar much in use. I thinke I may have some small Liveing:
great ones ar exceeding difficult to be had. I have spoken
with Sir Tho: Peyton twice and find him in such passions
as I have no manner of hopes of his assistance; hee doth mee
twice as much hurt as good; some bodie hath incensed Him
very much against mee, you may quesse who hath done it,
the partie being not far from you. Wherby you may the
lesse Wonder of the Indifferent Ladie's not giveing you a
better answere, and that C[{harles{] N[{ichols{] is so silent;
<P 274>
for I beleive nobodie can perswade Him into a good temper
towards mee.
   My Brother and Cozin Dalison surely ar right enough
in their Wishes as concerning somewhat so not in Kent;
but all the assistance I do expect and find is from my Brother
Barrow as yet; but if I get on[{e{] step in the way I doubt not
of getting farther, notwithstanding the difficulties I have as
yet met with; and I am in some hopes that by the next Post
I shall give Thee an account of somewhat done or likely
to be done. I have yet had onely to doe with Billop, Mr.
Wren's Secretary; and with Dr. Porie who hath Ickham
and is a kinsman of the Arch Bishop of Canterbury, who
tells mee that my Lord hath set down my name in Order
to somewhatt. The Bishop of Winchester is not yet come
to Town, so that I can make no tryall with him; but I beleive
I must of Necessitie have my Orders up, whereby my Ordination
may appeare as to the Arch Bishop of Canterbury or the
Lord Chancellor. Trulie my Deare, I must have monie
sent mee now out of hand or I shall be in straits as well for
my occasions in being here as in way of attainment of what
I aime at, for beleive mee I am as sparing as I can and yet
by reason of going by water 4 or 5 times in a day, sending
of Porters up and down etc, I am at more expence then you
can imagine.
   My Cozin Dallison had letters by the Tuesday post of
Henry Oxinden's being very ill and that hee is grown as
big as Sir George, whereby his long life is doubted of. Be
sure, however you come not by my letters, that I write
constantly by every Tuesday and Fryday post. Mr. Barling
will keep in, do what anie can against Him; he will do anie
thing rather then lose his liveing; however I beleive that
is not intended mee. I read thy Letters over and over and
over, for in them I see thee as well as I can. I am thine
as much as possibly. I hope our Children are well. My
service to all you think fitting to speake it to.
   The rent of the red House and pasture feild to it
is six pound the yeare; Hammond's close 6=l= the yeare
<P 275>
and the wo Maydekens 12 shillings the Acre; it is 24
acres.
   If 12s the Acre cannot be had, rather then faile, eleven
shilling the Acre.
   It is now past 11 of the clock and I am invited to dine
with Mr. Carpenter to a peice of venison where Mr 
Wor[{stnam{] and Mr. Tho: Andrews ar allso invited and may
not be absent. If Mr. John Andrews had been in Town
to have spoke to my Lord Chancellor, something considerable
might have been don with Mr Billop; as the case now stands
I know no way under heaven so effectually probable as for
thee to send to my brother Richard or my Cozin Dalison to
lay out the 16=l= adventured with my Cozin George to my
best advantage and in case you do not pay it them againe in
good time, they to have the benfit of it.
   Surely, surely, without considerable monie nothing can
considerably be done. The way is for a friend (as Ned 
Swan sayes and others beside him) to put a matter of 50 or
60 peices into the secretarie's hand and not let the party that
is to have the liveing know of it. I thinke thou wert best
send up the silver Tanker to my brother to that effect:
however if thou send mee no mony I can subsist no longer
here; for to borrow will spoile all. I cannot say all I have
a mind to say because letters ar broken open. I am in such
hast as I know not what I have wrot. Dr. Gauden, Bishop
of Worcester, is dead; Dr. Bargrave is newly chosen Prebend
of Canterbury in roome of an old Prebend lately deceased
and is now uppon going to Argiers to redeem some Captives.
I met him at Lambeth upon Tuesday last. The Lord
blesse you and preserve you and mee and ours. In extreme
hast I rest Thine inexpressibly

H.

[\UNDATED. SEPTEMBER 1662\]

<P 276>
[} [\CLXXIX\] }]
[} [\HENRY OXINDEN TO HIS WIFE\] }]
[} [\Sep 29. 1662\] }]

My deare,
   Mr. Han[{nington{] came to mee at 9 on Saturday. I
thank thee for thy care in sending to mee. Be sure that
nothing shall be squandered away can be prevented. I
sent a letter to thee by the Fryday post. I will assure Thee
that I have had such care in sending to Thee that I usually
do not defer writing till the last houre and am as carefull to
send them in good time as may bee. If there be any fault
it is in some who are inquisitive to see into them. Dr.
Pash wrot sure enough touching Norton and Stouermouth,
and there was nothing omitted in mee could have been done
concerning Stowermouth. Why Sir Tho. Peyton should
tell anie bodie that I refused a liveing of a 100=l= by the     #
yeare
I knowe not; for I have not refused anie: and none that I
know of hath been offered mee. You know that you may
beleive mee, how little truth soever there be in other men.
I have 4 times waited upon Sir Tho. The first time hee
tooke little notice of mee though I ernestly solliceted him:
hee expressed his dislike of things too long to relate. However
I pressed him in my behalfe and spake to him to speak
<P 277>
to the Lord Chancellor ect. What his answeres were and 
what were my replies will be to long to relate.
   The second time my brother Barrow in like manner pressed
him in my presence, but hee was then much at one as before.
Then I wrot a letter to his lodgeing to him, so hee sent for
mee, and wee had some discourse in a more friendly manner.
The 4 time I was with Him hee spake to mee to dine with
him and then hee at dinner before some strangers began my
Lord Chancellor's health to mee and said that might signify
somewhat. This is all the account I can give thee as concerning
Him. T'is said hee and his family comes up to
London upon Wedensday next, in order to go into Kent.
His daughter, viz his 2=d= daughter is upon recovery so as to
come: and it is thought that his third daughter hath a
sutor.
   I intend to try Sir Tho. once more if I see Him. I think
verily hee is better contented that I shall be neerer home then
those you and I have said are not contented, who[{se{] design
is to have mee placed as far as may be. You have advised
mee well in being my own secretarie; howsoever I think
Sir Robt Hales, Mr. Hannington and Ch. N. are some of
our truest friends. Mr. Hannington and I were a Sunday
last and heard a sermon at White Hall before the King.
Dr. Bolton preached and that you may know that Mr. Hannington
is of no ordinary esteeme, I will assure thee hee
had such a presence with him as though a stranger to every
one in the Church, hee was ushered in from his standing
amongst severall gentlemen and seated next to the Bishop
of London himselfe, and [{I{] finde him much in esteem amongst
all them that have any acquaintance with Him. Smarden
and Cranbrook are disposed of, Smarden is the best. Hedcorne
is not as yet disposed of. I cannot as yet say farther
then I, God willing, will not come home without doing
somewhat, but of what consideration it will be I may get,
I cannot tell. My Lord Bishop of Winchester came not
to Town untill Saturday night last; his Secretary came upon
Fryday last, and I have spake with him, and just as I met
<P 278>
him - I ment to have said a little before I met him - I
[\MS. torn\] was a speaking to Dr. Gibbs who is brother to
the Lady Deering; hee is now [{become{] Prebend of Westminster,
who told mee the Lord Bishop of Winchester that
ordeyned mee enquired of him concerning mee. I find by
him that hee spake well of me to the Bishop: that which
enduces mee to beleive as much is because hee gave mee his
hand to my certificate. The Secretary aske mee if I were
acquainted with him. I told him yes. The Secretary
answered that if hee did but speake to the Bishop in my behalfe
I could not faile. After which I spake to Dr. Gibbs to
speak to the Bishop in my behalf: hee hath promised mee
to speake: so that Mr. Swan being to go to him as yesterday,
I provided a Maze ring of a noble price and sent it to him
in a letter by Capt. Swan, in token of thanks for his love to
mee. What the effect of this Negociation will be time will
demonstrate. I foresee that I cannot possibly do what I
would to the purpose I feare this fourth night at least (as
you say now or never I must endeavour) [\SIX LINES OMITTED\]
   The rent of the heder Horselease and farther horselease
are, one with the other, 10=s= or 11=s= the Acre, as you can    #
get,
remembring that they that hire them pay for what is plowed
and the carriing up of the dung; or else condition to plow so
much and carry out so much dung; the upper Regdens and
the long slip of Summerland, about that rate; the Heder
and farther Cowleases about that rate, and the little field
adioining to Cowlease, formerly called Giles pees - I refer
things to thy discretion, knowing Thee to be careful and
knowing how to advise with old Robt Jull or some others
thou thinkest most fitt. As you find occasion do with the
house at Barham and land, remembring that you do not give
way to have the pasture feild next the house broke up [\SIX     #
LINES OMITTED\]
This day as I came from Westminster I saw the King and
the Queen at dinner. I have received my Orders and what
Thou didst send  and give thee thanks for thy love. I
have now bought mee a change. I hope that Thou and
<P 279>
our Children are in good health. I pray God blesse
thee and them.

My Love to our friends.
I am Thine sincerely
H.O.


[} [\CLXXX\] }]
[} [\HENRY OXINDEN TO HIS WIFE\] }]

   I received noe letter from thee by the Fryday post.

My deare,
   Saturday last thy Taffety came to my lodgeing in
my absence. I sent a letter by the Tuesday and Fryday
post whereby you may perceive that I could not come home
without leaving my busines undon, which to tell thee the
Truth was in no such for such forwardnes as Mr. Hannington      #
thought.
[\TWO LINES OMITTED\] Uppon Fryday my Brother Barrow and I      #
were with
[{Dr. Porie{] at Lambeth, and then hee told my Brother
Barrow so much as hee and I gave it over, and so I went
to my Brother Richard and told him that I had no hopes,
<P 280>
and that Dr. Porie's reason was, and all the reason hee could
give; hee thought I was of a weakly and sickly constitution
and preaching was a laborious work and would quickly bring
mee to my end; or else I must be necessitated to keepe a
Curate. But my Brother understood the matter aright and
found that could not be his reall reason, and my Cosin
Dalis[{on{] told mee plainely nothing was to be done without
mony; and therefore my Brother Richard should negociate
the busines with my Brother barrow without mee, and try
what might be done that way, so that I find my Brother
Richard and my Cozin Dalison now to bee my most reall
friends [\SIX LINES OMITTED\] A Fryday Night I went againe to   #
Dr. Porie's
house in Warwicke Court and asked him what hee could
obiect agt mee, or whether anie body had said anything agt
mee. Hee said nobody had said anything agt mee. I
asked him if hee could object agt mee for learning: hee said
hee was satifyed in that; I asked him if he could object agt
my life and conversation; hee said, no; only he spake as
before [\FIVE LINES OMITTED\] I met Sir Tho: P[{eyton{] today   #
in Fleete
street; hee asked mee if I were still in Town and called me
Doctor, and so spake to a gentleman close by, so hee and I
had no more words. Hee went at 3 of the clock to Twickenham.
I would faine have spoken with Him before he went
but could not; but sure enough hee will do mee no good.
Thus far Saturday night. It is said that Dunkirk is sold
to the French for four hundred thousand pound. Sir Tho.
Peyton's daughter is not thorowly recovered. It is hoped
shee will recover.
   It is now about 12 of the clock, Mooneday noone and my
Cozin Dalison is going to take water for Gravesend. Shee
will bee at Deane Tuesday night.
   I have wrot a letter by her to thee; there is nothing in it
but what is in this, only something of my acknowledgement
of My brother Richard's Love to mee and her Reality [\FOUR      #
LINES OF REPETITION OMITTED\]
Mr. Hannington had fifty shillings of you and mee; suppose
<P 281>
the dying of your silk come to 5=s=, the horse 10=s=, his meate
3=s= 6=d=; that is 18s 6d. I know not how it could stand him
in 31 shillings 6d more; unless hee spent more then hee
needed. It may be hee was out of purse last time hee came
to London with mee; yet I paid for him and mee that as I
thinke m[{attered{] in everything except where hee would
fling away his monie. I cannot tell with whom hee left
my daughter Hobart's ring. My Cozin Dalison intends
to stay about 10 dayes as shee sayes. T'is shee that must
do mee what kindnes is to be done when all comes to all;
and therefore may observe her what you can, as indeed wee
ought.
   My Horse is at Mr. Marlo's at the dark house in Gravesend:
I wish I had sent for him home within 3 or 4 dayes after I
left him there: he will have been 5 weekes there next Wedensday
or Thursday noone. I know not what to ad but that 
I am Thine truly.

(^Mooneday noone Octob. 13.^)
[\1662\] 

<P 291>
[} [\CLXXXV\] }]
[} [\HENRY OXINDEN TO KATHERINE OXINDEN\] }]
<P 292>
   My dere beyond all expression, this is to desire Thee
not to be troubled in the least Measure at that which joyes
mee, which is our removal to thy red house; before wee were
sure of Nothing, now we are of somewhat; for I have all ready
setled it so uppon Thee as it lyes not in my power to unsettle
it. This paper will not hold all the inconveniencies I lay
under before I came up to London, which now are in a great
Measure abated. It is probable that time will worke to our
advantage. I pray let this suffice for the present.
   Now my mind is wholy set upon comeing to see Thee,
in order to which pray let my Horse (if I have one) be sent
to the Dark House at Gravesend by Thursday Night, if
not Wedensday Night. If Thou canst not send him thether,
yet I pray send him to Ospring to our Brother Cater's; but
I had rather Thou would send him to the Dark House.
   I heare that Mr. Hales went home last Fryday. I now,
thanks be to God, ow not Mr. Carpenter or Ms Andrews
or any of them one penny. Mr. White of Dover and Mr.
Roberts will be paid in the County.
   My Cozin Val Pettit is paid his debt. Mr. Trusser's bond
and Mr. Dickenson's bond I intend, God willing, to pay
tomorrow being Mooneday; if I see Mr. Twiman I intend
to pay him what is due to Him; and if Mr. Crux his bond
be sent up, I intend to pay that, so that I shall not be        #
troubled
with their summons any further.
   I am offerd an Advowsen of what is sayd to be worth
seavenskore pound by the yeare for 40=l= to be paid in hand:
the incumbent is said to be 80 yeare old etc, but shall not
make any agreement till I speake with thee. It lyes in
surry about 20 miles from London.
   I suppose that Mr. Ady and his Family set out from Greenwich
upon Wedensday morning in two Coaches. I spake
<P 293>
to Him to be kind to Thee. Hee sayes he will: and expresses
his sorrow for Mr. Barling's leaving Denton [\SIX LINES         #
OMITTED\]
   I have not been very wel these two dayes, however I
am glad that I have setled my busines so well as I have, so
that what ever come of mee, things will be better for Thee
and Thine then they would have been in case I had not made
any agreement. It is late this Sunday Night and so I shall
commit Thee and Thine to his Protection who alone is able
to preserve us, whose Name be praysed for ever.
   Now I proceed in my letter, it is Moonday, past 6, and I
am somewhat better then I was and so much as I intend
to make what hast I can home, in order to which pray observe
my directions in this letter at the other side of the paper.
   This hath been a very wet day here at London.
   I shall now say no more then that no man can have a more
real heart toward any then hath to Thee and Thine

Thine inalterably
Hen: Oxinden

(^May 25.^)
65. [\63\]

<Q E3 XX CORP EOXINDEN>
<N LET TO MOTHERINLAW>
<A OXINDEN ELIZABETH>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 308>
[} [\CXCVI\] }]
[} [\ELIZABETH OXINDEN TO KATHERINE OXINDEN\] }]

(^Feb^) : 16 1665/6

D:M.
   Yours I recived by Mr Jull; I give you many thankes
for my haire; I hope to [{have{] a noble paire of locks made of
it to were for your sake: as to the oysters I have used my
utmost indeavour to get som in order to your command
but cannot posible get any as yet, they being so very rare,
by reason the seamen being all prest, that there is none left
to get them. I have eate none but once since I were with
you and those were sent a Friend of mine for a present;
but you may be confident of me as soon as posible I can
procure them. Dick, I thank God, continueth free from
any infectious disease notwithstanding since Michalmas there
hath dyed in the town seaven score and the greatest part of
the small pox, [{more{] then hath been in London considering
<P 309>
the bignes of [{the ci{]tie. I must beg your pardon if you
doe not heare of me soe often as you may expect and 
beseech you not to impute it to my sweet Deares hindering
me, for they are all scrint, to the button for a cap and less;
but I am about a peec of work that I am very earnest
upon to have it done by Easter; I doe not know what to
tearm it untill I have your aprobation of it, but it is a Jump
for my nick. Pray doe me the favour to acquaint Mr
Dickinson when you send to town that I have a gown to make
that if he think it worth his time I would have him come over
to me; I did thinke never to imploy him, but he being all
your tailors I have altered my resolution; beleev I must not
have a gown againe this seaven yeare this cost soe much;
four pound four shillings the outside cost me ready mony,
and fourteen shillings a sute of ribbon; this I have provided
to wait one you toward Easter; but when my stays are to be
tryed one I intend to come to Canterbury, where I should
take it for a great favour if you would be pleased to give me
a meeting and I shall acquaint you the time, for I earnestly
long to kiss your hand. I am really sorry my sister W:
servant came noe more of the family of the Johnsones; it
coming to nothinge it is looked one as my one [{own{] invention
to draw the other one; heare is mighty fleering and askeing
whither she be married. Mis betty Southouse hath been at
the pasonage ever since Christmast, to sutor Mr Durell as
I thinke, for I never knew her there before. There is not
any of the batcholers in this country are inclineing to marry
this yeare that I heare of. Mr M. continueth keeping house
with his maid and Mr. Reader doth the same. The Master
and the maid and Dick and Marie Reader are all the family.
We are all well heare, praised be God, and the respects of
the family salute you all. There is one remarkable thinge
that I had almost forgot; there is a Lady Sidny, a earl's
daughter, that hath formerly lived about Canterbury, one of
the great gallants of our time, she hath five thousand pound,
she hath marryed her self to a minister that hath nothinge
<P 310>
but a bare liveing of forty pound a yeare. I have not more
at present only my humble duty and endeared love where 
it is due

I am
Obeidently yours
[\Unsigned\]

<P 320>
[} [\CCIV\] }]
[} [\ELIZABETH OXINDEN TO KATHERINE OXINDEN\] }]
<P 321>
(^Feb 25=th=^) 1666/7

Deare Mother,
   Yours I received directed to goodwife Wilson: I
have now sent for Dick, but had it [{not{] been to fullfill my
promise that I would send for him this mounth, I had
trespased one your patience a while longer, because his
master is very ill and hath continued soe a week. He came
down in a very bad tide from London and was seaven houres
upon the water soe I beleev he hath got his bane. My
cosin Upton and her Daughter and my self were yesterday to
see him and for my one part were scared at his lookes. The
monday night after that I came from Denton my three cosins,
Mr Reader and my self suped together and I beleev it was
very chargable. We had a dish of such fish as we eat at
Canterbury when I had the honor to meet you there. Wee
had a loine of veale, we had wild Duck, teele and whinde,
two great dishes of pickeld Oyesters and two of anchovies and a
very lovely tart. If my Father had soe great influence upon Sir
Tho Tiddyman[{'s{] son as to wish him to my Cosin Maragret
I should take it as a perticuler obligatione doen to my self,
and I really beleev more advantageous to me then anythinge
that could be done for me; Betty love is sent [{for{] by Sir
henry Ox to come and live there, and if she doe not like
there they will gett her a place; this is the kindess of her
<P 322>
unkle coronel to her without speaking to. Deare mother
I give you humble thankes for all your favours to me and
Dicke and beg your pardon for all amisses that I have           #
committed 
either in neglegence or any other way. For upon
serious thoughts I have ever honour'd you and have had a
perticuler respect for you beyound any of my one relations,
and really I should loath my self should I harbour the least
thought of dishonor or unkinds toward you. All that I
desire is that I might be capable of serveing you in action in
a greater measure then I am able to exspres in words. All
the disasters that is posible to fall one any doth come one
me. All that I bought at the faire I lost, which was an elle
of hollond cost four shillinges and much mischife is done
to my house by the high wind one St Paule. The Docter
sent over his man with a letter to me to acquaint me of it
as soone as I came from Denton. I have sent you a cake
which I desire you would be pleased to accept. I wish my
mony would have extended itself into a larger maner, for if
it may be beleft I have but three shillinges to keep me untill
our Lady day. I have now great reason to blame M=is=
Smithitt for I sent her a letter three weekes since but have
not heard one word from her. Pray doe me the favour to
present my humble duty to my father and thankes for all
his favours and recive the same yourselfe from her that is

Your Obeident Daughter
Elizabeth Oxinden

I shall not expect them home untell to morrow.

<P 331>
[} [\CCIX\] }]
[} [\ELIZABETH OXINDEN TO KATHERINE OXINDEN\] }]
<P 332>
(^July 20=th=^) 1667

De Mo,
   This is the second sent since I recived any, this
come to bring you an account of the wedding which was
one thursiday last.  The bride had three very good great
cakes, one from M=is= Mast[{er{] another from M=is= Knowler
of this parish whos Daughter was heare, another from M=is=
Culling whos Daughter was heare. One Dosin of glovs
was disposed of to the relations, as the two fathers and her
Mother, Mr. Lees and his wife, Mr. Gilbert and his wife
which were related to him and he brought them with him:
Mr. Ridley and myself and Mr. butler he brought with him,
a minister he brought with him, his father, and these are
those which had gloves. Mr. Cullinge wold not be perswaded
to touch a glove nor favour; he rids at the strangest rate
that ever man did; he hath no so much as Joyed her; if
she come in the room where he is he runs as if he were
scared. Her t[{w{]o brid[{e{] men that led her to church have
white garters a quarter of a yard deep with siller lace at
ends. The favours were topeny broad pinke couler satten
ribbon eyed with narrow blake. There were five maiden
ladys and four young gentlemen, and the rest of the company
were married people, all relations and friends of his and hers.
They were very sivilly merry: it was as hansome a wedding
they all say as ever they were at: and his father [{soe{]       #
highly
pleased as is posible with his Daughter and her company,
to see what [{great{] esteem she is in and how she is beloved,
that you cannot imagin of the fondnes of the old man to her
and her mother. He said his son might have had wives
with five hundred pound but indeed, he said, he had hindred
them; but he had heard a generall commendation of my cosin
and he percived [{s{]he should not fall short of what he heard
<P 333>
of her. The old man dotes one her: she must not set neare
a doore when she was hot with dancinge and tell her he shall
give her somethinge; it is not his way to brag but he will not
take five hundred pound for what he is worth; and many
expretions of kindness to her and her mother. The old man
is a presbiterian but he was highly pleased; such mirth and
sivill gentlemen he liked he said. The M=is= Mas[{ter{] made    #
the
rarest bride veil that ever was seen, she is much behoulding
to them Ladys. Mr. Master was one of her brid men and
his trigrimate the other, who hath stayed in the country
one purpose to be at her wedding. He not knowen where
to have a cake to send, sent twenty shilling worth a wine,
six bottles of sack which is seaven groats a quart and six
of french wine, which was much excepted of. It cost Mr
Cater I beleeve above three pound.
   One Monday they goe home and his day one of her brid
men is gon to meet a fellow of their colledg and soe one their
Journey for Cam:
   I have given you in folio  concerning the wedding and now I
must bewail my one [{own{] misfortune in parting with one that
I soe dearly love as I doe her but I doe much hope she will
be very happy in a good husband. Could I imagine other
wise it would ade much to my trouble and that which is my
comfort she goeth not far, for it is not posible for me to live
without seeing her. For ought I know I will continue with
her in the winter and in the meantime I can see her often.
Goodwife power is dead and Sir William Delane is dead, he
being sick but a few daies.
   This is all the news that I heare our parts afford, but it
is possible I may send you word of another wedding when
I write next. Our family saluts you all with their humble
service and I desire to have my humble Duty and service
given where it is due

I am obeidently yours
[\No signature\]


<S SAMPLE 4>

<Q E3 XX CORP CHATTON>
<N LET TO WIFE>
<A HATTON CHARLES>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,159>
[}CHARLES HATTON TO HIS WIFE.}]

Nov=r= 11, [{16{]90.

   I am very sorry, my dearest, y=t= y=r= son Robin continues   #
soe very
ill. God grant he may receive benefit by the advice of y=e= new
surgeon. But, my dearest, I fear my threats will prove more     #
effectual
then I designed; for I told thee in jest if thou did pass       #
Sunday
thou shou'dst be shut out, w=ch= is likely to prove true in     #
earnest, for
y=e= hungry head jaylor here is soe greedy of his pretended     #
fee he
growes every day more and more barbarous and vexatious. Had
he been educated at Ambonia, he cou'd not be more merciless.    #
And
finding y=t= noe person will take notice of his extravagant     #
usage of
me, he is y=e= more encouraged therto.
<P I,160>
   Worthy M=r= Ennis, who being turned out of his living here   #
for
not swearing and therfore not capacitated to exercise his       #
ecclesiastick
function in his own country, Scotland, is this weeke going to
try whither he cannot more quietly live among y=e= heathens in
America, and last Sunday in y=e= afternoon came to take leave   #
of me,
and brought w=th= him M=r= Sawyer, who came to renew y=t= 2d    #
time I
saw him y=e= promise he made me y=e= first time I ever did,     #
w=ch= is to be
bayle for me. But on Monday morning came gingle-key, by his
masters order, foaming at y=e= warder for leting any person     #
come to
me, and charged him he shou'd let noebody come at me.
   Certainly I shall be either tryed or bayled. If tryed, it    #
is a
strang outlandish barbarity not practic'd heretofore in         #
England not
to have y=e= advise of counsell to prepare for a defence, and,  #
in order
therto, to advise w=th= y=m=. I am certain, in y=e= Popish      #
plot all y=e=
prisoners had, some considerable time before their tryal, y=e=  #
freedom
of having their freinds and councell come to them.
   If I be bayled, it is very reasonable I shou'd endeavour to  #
find
out some persons who are willing to doe me y=t= kindness, and   #
ag=t=
whom ther can be noe exception; and y=t= I find very            #
difficult; and
prithee, my dearest, doe you endeavour w=t= you can to find     #
out some,
for, tho very probably I shall not have occasion for them, yet  #
it
wou'd be very vexatious to want them shou'd ther be occasion.
   I am very much concern'd my brother Hatton shou'd for his
health be forced out of town. Both for his sake and my own, I
wish you cou'd contrive some way to acquaint my brother w=th=   #
my
distress and prevaile w=th= him to endeavour to get his son in  #
law to
stop y=e= mouth of y=e= hungry cur here, for I cannot doe it    #
w=th= a crust,
it wou'd be too costly.
   My cloak transformed in a coat is too thinn for this cold    #
place.
Pray let y=e= linning of y=e= cloake be sent to y=e= taylor to  #
interline y=e=
coat. The buttons are as you ordred, and therfore you may be    #
secure
they please me, and I assure you they doe without any           #
compliment;
but, if they did not, I durst not find fault, w=ch= I know you  #
will
beleeve.
<P I,161>
   A dieu, my dearest. If you come alone, you are welcome; but
more, if w=th= liberty of my seeing my freinds.
   If that honest Scot, Mr. Ennis (whose integrity is a         #
disgrace to 
most Englishmen of his coate), comes to bid you farewell, pray
acknowledge his kindness to me, y=r=self, and y=r= son.

<Q E3 XX CORP FHATTON>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A HATTON FRANCES>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,147>
[} [\LADY HATTON.\] }]

Kirby, March the 31=th=, [{16{]77.

My deare lord,
  
   I hope you have received all my letters this week; for I     #
never
missed any opportunity, only by the caryer. I am glad that you
design to com. Your coach shall be sure to meet you at Baldock;
but you must be sure to send me word what horsemen you would
have, and at what time the coach must be there. I find you      #
intend
to be at Kimbolton that night. Pray be sure to send me word
wheathere you will be here by dinner or not. I believe you      #
cannot,
but be sure you let me know. One of your best coach horses
has been like to dye; but wee hope the danger is past. I had
Shefeld with him, and all the care that can bee. I hope he will
<P I,148>
doe well, but they say I must not venter him in the coach so    #
farr
a great whill. But one of the cart horsses will doe in the      #
coach
very well.
   Poor little Susana is very ill about her teeth. I hope in    #
God
they will not be long before they be cut. Shee bares it with a
great deal of patience. My Lady Rockingam has been with me
yesterday. I thought there had been wine enough in the house,
but there is none left. But there is forteen botles of Renish   #
and
all the sherie sack that was, but noe other; so now you may the
better gess what you must send down. Some sack you will need I
am sure. My deare Lord, I should be very glad you would bring
some chocolate along with you. I hope I shall receive a good
acount of all your business, for I long to know. My daughter    #
Nany
is very well, and was yesterday at my Lord Brudnal's. I believe
I shall like your cook very well. Pray, deare, let Smith buy a
Wesfaily ham and two or three neats tongues. I would fain get
every thing pretty handsome against my Lord Manchester comes.
I hope I shall know the time. I am, my deare Lord, overjoyed to
hear that your business goes on so well with the Bishop. I long
till the Act of Parliment be passed.
   I received D=r= Kings letter; but I shall not need much of   #
his
phiseck, for I thank God I am much better. Smith forgot to send
the pickales down; but I beg they may not faile this next week,
and, with them, some oyle, about a pint will be enough, because
wee shall stay noe great whill there. I return you many thanks
for the oysters. I can write noe more, to morow being           #
sacrament 
day. But, for God sake, make hast down, for I am weary of
my life.

<Q E3 XX CORP ALHATTON>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A HATTON ALICE>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y -20>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,240>
[} [\ALICE HATTON.\] }]

[\Sept. 1699.\]

My Lord,
   I return my most humble thankes for y=e= honour of y=r=      #
Lord=ps= letter.
I have not yet bin any were, but at shopes and a veseting; but  #
I
believe shall be on Munday at a ball at St. Jeames, where, as   #
they
tell me, ther is a famose new danser to apere, which is to      #
charme
us all, but not make amends for y=e= loss of M=rs= Ibbings who  #
danced
at Lincolns Inn Feild and is lately dead. But as y=e= quallity  #
of y=e=
Ladys that dance at Court is not to be compared w=th= so mean a
person as a player, so I am shure most of there indiferent      #
danceing
is not to be mentioned w=th= her good. There is one M=r=        #
Colson I
am shure my Lady has seen at diner w=th= my Unckle is going to
<P I,241>
be married, w=ch= one would wonder at, there being nothing to   #
be
liked in him but his fin diamond ring. I beg humble duty to my
Lady. I will write to her next post.

I am, my Lord,
Y=r= obedient daughter,
A.E.H.


[} [\THE SAME.\] }]

[\Sept. 1699.\]

My Lord,
   I am so overjoy'd when I hear from y=r= Lord=sp=, its not    #
to be
express'd. I desire you will beg pardon for me to my Lady for
writting such a short letter to her, and tell her I was last    #
night at
S=t= Jeames, and y=t= ther was but a few dancers. Y=e= best     #
were Lady
Hartington, Lady Betty Candish, M=rs= Lutteril, M=rs= Godfery,  #
and
Lady Essex, and M=rs= Roper who was y=e= new dancer. Indeed she
did it very well, but had too much indeavour'd to imitat Lady
Hartingtons noding her head, w=ch= is only becomeing to         #
herself. Y=e=
best of y=e= men was Lord Antrim, Lord Anglese, and Lord Essex.
But my Lord Antrim has cut of his hear, and got one of y=e= new
fassioned perewks, w=ch= have so much hear in them y=t= a good  #
one
cant cost les then 60 pound, and y=t= monstros bignes w=th=     #
his lettle
face did not look so well. I hear Lady Banbery is dead, and     #
y=e=
<P I,242>
Wardon of All Souls. Next week Lady Ann Churchill is to be
married to Lord Spencer. My Aunt Portman desires you to write
to my Aunt Mary, to bie her a set of y=e= French baskets they   #
use
for a desert, and y=e= couler are to be white and gold and      #
grean, and,
when you get hers, Nevil desires a set too, and if you will     #
take
care to bay my Aunt Mary for them, and they'l bay you again.
My Aunt sayes y=t=, if you will give me leave to learn to       #
draw, M=rs=
Tollett shall teach me. I desire my duty to my Lady and service
to all my friends at Kirby.

I am, my Lord,
Y=r= Dutyfull daughter,
A.E.H.

<P I,245>
[} [\ALICE HATTON.\] }]

[\20 Jan=y=, 1700?\]

   I take it, my L=d=, as very great honour y=t= you will       #
trouble y=r=self
to write to me, but when I consider how weak y=r= eyes are I    #
had
rather by w=th=out y=e= happynys of y=r= Ld=sps= letters then   #
have you in y=e=
lest hurt y=r= eyes. I was last night (w=th= Lady Longuevil and
Lady Arundel) at y=e= Princess's, and Lady Long: was so kind to
offer to carry me to y=e= Oppera to day w=th= her and Lady      #
Portland;
but I was so unfortunate as to be engaged to go to Lady
Denbighs to see y=e= famous M=rs= Binges dance, or els I        #
should have
bin glad to have waited on Lady Long;, tho I had seen it before
and think it very silly. M=r= Abel is to have a fine musicke    #
meeting
to morrow, and y=e= tickets are guineas a piece, w=ch= is a     #
little to
much for me to throw away; so I shall not be there, and I find  #
so
many y=t= can afford it better of my mind, y=t= I fancy, if he  #
had had
lower rates, he would have got more. They say here y=t= M=rs=   #
Reves
is to have my Lord Leicesters second son, whom L=d= Romney
designes to make his heir. Tis to be hoped he will use her      #
better
then his B=ro= did her sister; for, as the town sayes, he beat  #
her w=th=in
a week after she was married, which I think should make this    #
young
lady afraid. I have so much buisness here y=t= I hope my Lady   #
will
excuse me till next post. I beg my duty to her, and I am, my    #
L=d=,
Y=r= Ld=sp=
most obedient and dutyfull daughter,
A.E.H.

<Q E3 XX CORP ANHATTON>
<N LET TO FATHER>
<A HATTON ANNE>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 20-40>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,211>
[} [\THE COUNTESS OF NOTTINGHAM.\] }]

Y=e= 5=th= of Feb., [\1695\] .
   The post served me just as it did y=r= Losp., for last       #
night I received
both y=rs= of the 30 of Jan: and that of the second of this     #
moneth.
Heneage is so well, he plays about his room, and to morrow is   #
to
take phisick. I have endeavoured all I can that Essex should    #
have
<P I,212>
them; and she herself had tryed if the small pox is to be       #
catched,
for the second day they were come out of her brother she gott   #
into
his room and kissed him, yet hitherto she keeps well.
   I do not yet know when I shall leave this twone. Whenever I
do, twill be w=th= less relucktancy then ever I did in my life. #
There is
so slow a progress made in ordering the dismal ceremony of the
Queens funeral, that I cant ges when it will be finishd. I was  #
told
this day that the heralds had yet a quarter of their work to    #
do: and
I fear, when there work is over, there will come severall       #
things
betwixts that and the Abby. The King sent yesterday for all the
Queens chief officers, and, upon seeing of them, fell into a    #
great
passion. He told them the Queen had recommended all her family
to his care, w=th=out w=ch= tho he should not have been         #
forgetfull of
them, yet he had now another tye upon him to take care of them.
I belive this was part of what he found written in the Queens   #
desk.
I do not yet hear of anny other thing mentioned, but I suppose  #
this
was not all.
   I find it begins to be doubted wether the Princess be w=th=  #
child.
A little time will resolve it. The Parliament setts very late   #
every
day, but what they do is so much above my understanding, I cant
pretend to give an account of it; so this time will trouble     #
y=r= Losp
no more w=th= y=r= most obedient, duttyful daughter,

A. Nottingham.

<P I,214>
[} [\THE COUNTESS OF NOTTINGHAM.\] }]

Y=e= 21 of March, [\1695\] .
My Lord,
   I fear my Lady found it a wearisome day when she went to     #
Exton,
and they very much unprovided for her. I left them no cooke but
a little boy, w=ch= I doubt could perform but ill to entertain  #
company.
M=r= Isaac, the dancing master, tells me he hears y=r= Losp.    #
had a mind
to have a master to teach my sisters. Their is a German who he
recommends for a sober man and very capable of teaching. His
price will be three pound a moneth for each child, and for my
little brother Will he will into the bargain teach him to walk  #
and
make a legg, and expects to have his charges born downe and up
againe. Wither y=r= Losp. has any such intention I know not;    #
but,
if you approve of this, if you please to lett me know y=r=      #
pleasure, I
will tell it M=r= Isaac.
   S=r= John Walter is going to be marryed to my Lady Stoel,    #
w=ch=
will be very happy for him. With my humble deutty and thankes
to my Lady, I will end from y=r= most obedient, duttyfull       #
daughter,

A. Nottingham.

<Q E3 XX CORP EHATTON>
<N LET TO SON>
<A HATTON ELIZABETH>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P II,50>
[} [\LADY HATTON.\] }]

Sept. 22 [{1666{] .

My dearst Dear,
   Since y=r= father tells me y=t= your stay att London is by   #
my
L=ad= Thenit and Sicelea command to wait one y=m= into y=e=     #
contry,
I must not chid you, though I cannot but tell you, and y=t=     #
truly,
that I am very much troubled y=t= I doe not see you, and the
more because I fear y=r= father will not give me leave to goe   #
up
w=th= him w=n= he goes. I presume you were shewed y=e= fine     #
things
y=r= father brought me: farrender for a gowne, and 6 pair of    #
gloves,
and a paire of stockens, w=ch= is more y=n= I hoped for; and so
sensible I am of y=e= kindnes y=t= I desir you to help me to    #
thank
him for it. He is pleased to speak kindly to me, and is more
cheerfull y=n= he was when he was last in the contry; and I     #
shall
be as carfull not to say any thing y=t= may displease him,      #
w=ch=
puts me to a great stand in respect of other necessarys, both   #
for
myself and y=r= poor sister Mary, who he has not given y=e=     #
worth
of one penny to, nor till to day has not spoak one word to her,
w=ch= is a very great trouble both to her and me. I thank you   #
for
y=r= letter by y=e= carrier last week. I did not writ again by  #
him,
because I had writ so lately by y=e= boy y=t= carried up y=r=   #
father's
horses. My humble service to y=e= Lady Thanet and my Lady
Cicelea. Y=r= sister disir y=e= same to you and to the L=a=     #
Cicelea.
She is so troubled att y=r= fathers not looking one her as upon
others, that really you must excuse her not writting to you. My
dear, though I doe not see you, I hope you think often of me. I
assure you I do of you w=th= as great kindnes as any mother     #
can doe
for a childe, and trust God will hear the prayers y=t= are      #
made day
and night for you by
Y=r= most truly affectionat mother, y=e= afflicted
E[{lizabeth{] Hatton


<S SAMPLE 5>

<Q E3 XX CORP JPINNEY>
<N LET TO DAUGHTER>
<A PINNEY JANE>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 17>
[} [\(9) JANE PINNEY TO SARAH. DUBLIN. JUNE II. 1685.\] }]

my dare childe
   I hade great hopes to have seen yo=u= heare eare this
time for I longe gretly to see yo=u=, I long to see yo=u= all
but espesphilly yo=u=, for I am trobelled gretly, what
yo=u= can doe wth the workkers thes times, for heare
is no trade, and I greatly fare that it is as bad theare
and I have not harde from yo=u= along time, so that I
am in great fare that yo=u= are not well, what to write
nothinge how it is wth yo=u=, whare yo=u= have yo=r= helth
after yo=r= fever, or no, I long to hear how all things
goe thare, whear yo=u= are all in helth and how Azea
<P 18>
and his sister doe accord and what is becom of nubery
and how it goes w=th= every one of yo=u=, the childern
also, if the trade be as bad thare as heare, I should
ad vise yo=u= to be red of sum of the workkers, not to
trune thim of, but to bad thim away, I have delaid
writtinge ever sence the kinge was cround, when I
under stande that thay did not goe out of moringe,
for they say heare that it will last ahole yeare, and
if so, it will break many trade peppill write me weare
yo=u= doe intend to com this summer or not, and whare
yo=r= brother doe desine to com, his wife is heare
ofton, till him that shee doe desine to ride to passones
the next weeke, and dun him about the mony for
now the band is due, wee have sold about 44=l= worth
of the lase but have not received above 12. or 14.
of it but in amounth more thare will be. 30=l= due
more, and then as soone as it is received, it shall be
sent, yo=r= brothers wife have broug me all most. 50=l=
and shee will make it up 50=l= when shee can get in the
mony, ask him what hee will have doun wth it I bles
god wee are in helth heare and hope the like of yo=u=,
I obsarved apasshin in yo=r= letter, that fare had seade
yo=r= spirrit, wich indeade ase ben sum trobell to me,
trust god in his promisses, for hee have saide, I will
never lave thee nor for sake thee, I bless god I am
suldom trobbelled at any thinge of this worlde but
for yo=u=, and that I am at such adistance from my
<P 19>
famaly, but the great god hath saide, that all thinges
shall worke together for good, to thim that truly fare
him, the lord to rais up all yo=r= spirrits to trost  in
him, and sarve him, and live to him, which is the 
dailly prayere of

yo=r= ever Lov=g= mother
Jane Pinny


<Q E3 XX CORP JPINNEY>
<N LET TO HUSBAND>
<A PINNEY JANE>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X FEMALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 39>
[} [\(18A) FROM JANE PINNEY. AXMINSTER. JUNE 2-.1686.\] }]

My dare
   heare yo=u= see what yo=r= dafter doe write that shee
have ... yo=r= writetinges, that is true but what doe
thay sicknifie unles old pimer had given him mony
in consederation of it yo=u= most com and take bands
of her and her housban if yo=u= can get thim to give yo=u=
bands be fore it runes to fare; for shee is wth childe
and how can you neglecke such athinge as this what
doe yo=u= kno~ how god may deale wth her such alittill
cretuare and old to, and then her husband shall arest
yo=u= for all yo=u= are worth, and see wth what viger thay
will deale w=th= yo=u= for hee have a pistilinte mother
worse of the to thin his father, but carnall morrole [\?\]
pappill all of thim, and yet yo=u= will horkkin to thim
that doe wish nether yo=u= nor yo=r= any good but thim
silfes, in henderinge yo=u= to com, why cannot yo=u= com
as will as mr dadge hee could bewanttinge to mounthes
and why cannot yo=u= that have one to helpe yo=u=, I
will say noe more the lorde dericke yo=u= for the best,
but I most tell yo=u= it is so bad heare, yo=u= cannot
besensabell unles yo=u= ware hare to see and heare, and
<P 40>
yo=u= may travill as safe heare as thare, till the sogers
doe com backe from the campe wich will not yet be
thes to ro [\sic\] 3 monts but I came when the contry
was all fall and I see no canppe, I shall have one ... to
by wenser athusday I would I knowe how you would
sill it I have ahonderde thinges to write but what is
the ..., for writeinge cannot containe it and if yo=u=
com not how will yo=u= ashore her of any thinge yo=u=
give her, and if yo=u= com not I belive I shall not be
abell to com to yo=u= this halfe yare, yo=u= write of lawe
ware not yo=u= better com over, and see to have anend
w=th= out lawe she would have com to yo=u= longe or this
tim if I would have let her com but what doe that
sigenifie, I am at alos[{s{] what to doe w=th= out yo=u=, so
w=th= my best wikes to yo=u=, dese[{ringe{] god to bles and
presarve yo=u= and keepe yo=u= in helthe and saftie in
hast I rest and still remaine

yo=r= ever Lo wife
Jane Pinny


<Q E3 XX CORP JOPINNEY>
<N LET TO DAUGHTER>
<A PINNEY JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 58>
[} [\(32) TO HESTER. DUBLIN. AUG. 16. 1688.\] }]

Daughter Hester
   Yours I received and have such a Narrative of the 
Scot from your Mother that I would have neither
of you to have to doe with her at all. She said, she
is come in among a parcell of beggars: and if so, tis
but a thiefe and a beggar come unhappily among
beggars (for her mother was maintained here by public 
almes). Her imperious pride and falsnes make her
incapable of your commerce with her. I hear she did
borrow money of Mr. Busbie being lately in London,
if she thinkes I shall pay it, she is deceived. Let her
get her owne bread by the Sweat of her browes as I
have and pay her own debts. Her ill character and
carriage hath disobliged me to her for Ever. And if
service be to mean for her now, (by which she alwayes
lived here) let her hunger for me, I have enough of
her already. You write of returning your money to
Nath. I would have you to have security of him:
<P 59>
for though your mother have trusted much in his 
handes yet she hath something left If that should miscarry.
For Rachel I cannot so well advise her nor
know in what Capacity she can enter againe upon
the Exchange. To doe it contemptibly I would not
advise her, but if with Credit I shall not be against it.
But not to medle with the Scot: I will rather maintaine
her (though she hath grieved me). I shall not
be able to get off here as yet, though I desire to doe
it: if any of you will come to me you shall be Welcome.
The rescuing of us from the housbreaker is a
great providence of God. His end was to have ruined
us and he had don it; if I had not strictly written to
you mother from hence that she should send out of
the house all my writings Especially such as concerned
the Rogue. Had he gotten them (which was his aime)
he had don his purpose: God hath saved us and I hope
to no great loss unless the Wast they made on your
sister Hoare. Remember me to Rachel. God almighty 
bless and keep you which is the dayly prayer of

Your Aged father
Jo. Pinney

Cut this off and send it to the Scott sealed up.


<S SAMPLE 6>

<Q E3 XX CORP PHENRY>
<N LET TO WIFE>
<A HENRY PHILIP>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E INT DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I INFORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 340>
[} [\9.\] }]
[} [\FROM PHILIP HENRY IN CHESTER CASTLE TO MRS. HENRY
AT BROAD OKE.\] }]

July. 8. 1685.
Dear heart,
   I continue very well, at present, thankes bee to
God! and feel nothing yet of the Inconveniences of a prison;
we are better accommodated, as I acquainted you in my last,     #
then
wee could have expected, though wee must pay for it. Just now
six Min=rs= N. C. are brought in hither from lancashire, more   #
than
before, so far are wee from enlargm=t=, but our times are in    #
God's
hand, who hath sent us hither, I am confident, for good, though
how or which way or wherein I know not, but hee is faithful     #
that
hath promis'd. My Chamber fellows & I differ someth in our
apprehensions of things past, which wil not bee helpt, but for  #
the
unseen th. that are to come that are Eternal, wee are all one.
Our Afternoones, til late, are fild with visitants, who love    #
us &
wish us wel & are kind to us, but wee cannot doe with them what
wee would. Cos. Crue hath been an hour with mee this morning
shee brought mee a quart of Aqu. Mirab. which I would have
had her take back again, til more need, but shee would not. I
have not yet opened y=t= little bottle I brought with mee,      #
since I
came, not wanting it, & being more afrayd of what might heat
<P 341>
mee, in regard wee have no drink but strong (unless very        #
seldom)
neither morning, noon, nor night, w=ch= may turn to Feavorish   #
distempers,
wanting exercise - I have not trodden on the ground
since Sat. which using mys. to in mornings I thought y=e= want  #
of
it might bee prejudicial, but hitherto it is not; I have not    #
tasted
Butter yet with bread since I came from home. This dinner wee
had Beanes and Bacon, Sammon &c. but I am  careful w=t= I eat,
not Fishes & Fleshes. Mrs. Wenlock was to see mee yesterday &
brought mee a bottle of wine. I bestow all of that kind in
Common, my Companions strangers here. This Aftern. y=e=         #
Citizens
meet on Rood-dee with Halberts, they think to take the Oath.
Mrs. Clive is here, Mr. Woodh. I hope recovers, & w=n= wel      #
comes
in again. I have seen Mr. H. but 'tis at distance. Let mee
hear from you, how you doe & the children &c. as oft as you     #
can.
Shew not my letters. When you think fit to send for them from
Salop, Send love to Matth. Our Gards change every howr, which
makes it so very hard to come to us, else wee might oblige      #
them.
I would gladly see him, but when or how I know not, I think
there's little danger of any harm to him here, if there bee     #
none at
home, at his return. Love to Sarah & El'nor, & to Ann D. & to
all y=e= rest of you, doe w=t= you can to get to heaven your    #
selves &
to help one another thither. Prepare for further Sufferings, to
which it may bee these th. are but the Preamble but all is well
that ends everlastingly well. Thankes for all y=r= love &       #
faithfulnes
to mee, & Patience with mee; the lord wil reward it. One of
my Fellow Prisoners last night receiv'd a letter from his wife  #
subscrib'd 
- so I rest dear Husband in all Duty & Obedience your
Obedient wife - Such is lancashire kindness, but deeds exceed
word - I am in short most intirely & most affectionately thine.
P.H.



<B CEOFFIC3>
<Q E3 XX CORO SOMERS>
<N LET TO KING>
<A SOMERS JOHN>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^SAMPLE 1:

SOMERS, JOHN.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH
HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.
THIRD SERIES, VOL. IV.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, 1846. 
PP. 326.17 - 329.27 (525) (SOMERS)

SPENCER, ROBERT.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 311.4 - 316.25 (518-523) (SPENCER)

TEXT:  A LETTER BY THE PRIVY COUNCIL.
ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH
HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.
SECOND EDITION, VOL. III.
ED. H. ELLIS.
LONDON: HARDING, TRIPHOOK, AND LEPARD, 1825. 
PP. 348.1 - 350.18 (386) (COUNC)

SAMPLE 2:

CAPEL, ARTHUR.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
SELECTIONS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF
ARTHUR CAPEL EARL OF ESSEX 1675-1677.
CAMDEN THIRD SERIES, XXIV.
ED. C. E. PIKE.
LONDON, 1913. 
P. 88.8  - 88.29  (72)  (CAPEL)
P. 126.7 - 126.30 (107)

CHARLES II.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
ESSEX PAPERS, VOL. I (1672-1679).
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XLVII.
ED. O. AIRY.
WESTMINSTER, 1890. 
PP. 24.11  - 25.14  (14) (CHARLES)
PP. 112.21 - 113.14 (78)
PP. 197.21 - 198.29 (130)

OSBORNE, THOMAS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
SELECTIONS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF
ARTHUR CAPEL EARL OF ESSEX 1675-1677.
CAMDEN THIRD SERIES, XXIV.
ED. C. E. PIKE.
LONDON, 1913. 
PP. 21.28 - 22.33 (19) (OSBORNE)
PP. 45.10 - 47.6  (37)

AUNGIER, FRANCIS.
TEXT:  LETTER(S).
Idem.
PP. 24.4 - 27.5 (22) (AUNGIER)

TEXT:  A LETTER BY THE COMMISSIONERS
OF CUSTOMS.
ESSEX PAPERS, VOL. I (1672-1679).
CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XLVII.
ED. O. AIRY.
WESTMINSTER, 1890. 
PP. 54.9 - 56.16 (39) (COMMISS)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>

<P IV,326>
[} [\LETTER DXXV.\] }]
<P IV,327>
Tuesd. 27th Apr. 97

Sir

   I have taken the first opportunity of sending to
your Majesty M=r=. Attorney Generals state of the
circumstances of the several persons who stand
charg'd as concern'd in the conspiracies against your
person or government. I take it to be defective in
what seems most material, for he has not given any
opinion whether any of them may be prosecuted.
And the only method which I can propose now for
supplying this, is, that when your Majesty does think
fit to send this paper to the Lords Justices, they
should be directed to require M=r=. Attorney and M=r=.
Solicitors opinion, as to the several persons who are
in custody, what may be done with them.
   I would beg leave to make a few observations upon
some parts of the paper.
   As to my Lord Aylesbury; since the escapes of
Goodman, Birkinhead, and Hunt, there is no other
witnesse against him, at present, but Porter. It is
true Cook may be made a witnesse by your Majesties
pardon, but when he is pardoned, it will in a great
measure depend upon his own ingenuity and sincerity,
whether he will speak the truth without reserve;
and he is such an odd fellow, that one may
have reason to fear both his folly and knavery. As
to M=r=. Porter there is no legal objection to any part
of his evidence, nor in my opinion, any reasonable
<P IV,328>
ground to call in question the truth of any one circumstance
he has sworn: but there was great care
taken to find out some colour of exception to what
he said at the barr of the House of Lords, and those
who protested against the vote in Sir John Fenwick's
case did industriously set down, as one of their reasons,
that Porters was a doubtfull evidence.
   As to Cook himself, if your Ma=ty= is pleas'd to use
him as an evidence, there is nothing to be done but
to passe his Pardon, and see to make him as honest
as he can be; but, if that be not thought advisable,
it may then deserve consideration whether it will not
be thought hard to execute him after so many reprieves,
or imprudent to pardon him, so as to suffer
him to live in England.
   As to my Lord Mongomery, I have nothing now
to offer to your Majesty. But in relation to the behaviour
of the Sherifs upon his account, I would beg
leave to say, that if your Majesty be displeas'd with
it, and does judge it fit to have them prosecuted, it
will be necessary that some positive order should be
given in that matter.
   As to the persons mention'd to be outlaw'd for
treason, I do humbly propose two things. That the
Justices be ordered to direct M=r=. Attorney, 1, to
look that there be no errors in the outlawries. 2, to
proceed to enquire immediately after their estates.
   I will not presume to trouble your Majesty further
<P IV,329>
at this time upon M=r=. Attorney's paper: but there is
another thing which will trouble you till it be disposed
of, I mean the place of Chief Justice of Chester,
for which I think every body does believe himself
qualified. If there were not a necessity that it
shou'd be disposed of before the next great Sessions,
which must be about July or August, nothing should
have made mee say one word to your Ma=ty= about it
till your return. But since the case is so, I will beg
your leave to lay before you, in as few words as possibly
I can, the names and pretences of the several
persons who have been hitherto proposed to mee as
proper to be recommended to your Ma=ty= for that
employment.
   I cannot neglect this opportunity of letting fall
one word of you Ma=ties= goodness and generosity to
mee, altho' I know how much more you love to be
exercising those royal qualities then to be told of it.
The manner of doing it, so unsought for and unexpected,
must take, with any good mind, more then
the thing itself, and I am sure the sense must always
last with mee. But at the same time I must own
that I cannot be with more zeal and duty than I was
before, S=r=.
   You M=ties= most dutyfull, most humble, and most
obedient subject and servant,

J. Somers.

<Q E3 XX CORO SPENCER>
<N LET TO KINGS AGENT>
<A SPENCER ROBERT>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P IV,311>
[} [\LETTER DXVIII.\] }]
<P IV,312>
Windsor, Septem. 25th, 1687.

S=r=.

   The King commands me to send you the enclosed
Letter to the Pope, for making Father Petre a Cardinall,
which he would have you deliver as soon as
you can, and accompany it with such expressions in
his Majesty's name as shall be proper on this occasion.
His Majesty depends very much on your care,
prudence, and experience in that Court to bring this
matter to a good issue, and would therefore have you
with all the addresse and diligence you can, endeavor
by such meanes as may be most effectuall to obtaine
the satisfaction his Majesty expects in this request,
which is so reasonable and of so great advantage to
his service, that it can hardly be imagined it should
admit of any difficulty.
   His Majesty has also writ a Letter to the Cardinall
of Norfolk on this subject, which I have sent to you
by another conveyance, and am

S=r=, you affectionate friend and servant,
Sunderland P.

   The King has writ two Letters to the Pope for
greater security, one is sent by the way of France,
the other by Flanders, they are both on the same
<P IV,313>
subject, as you will see by the copies which go inclosed,
and therefore you are to deliver but one of them.

[} [\LETTER DXIX.\] }]

Whitehall, Novem. 4th, 1687.

S=r=,
   
   The King having resolved to put his owne and his
subjects affaires at Rome into the hands of the Cardinal
d'Este as Protector of his Dominions, commands
me to let you know it; and has writ to the Cardinal
of Norfolk himselfe to acquaint him with this resolution.
The Letter goes enclosed which you will take
care to deliver. You are not to speake of this matter
to any person till you heare further from me.

I am, S=r=, your most humble servant,

Sunderland P.


[} [\LETTER DXX.\] }]

Whitehall, Novem. 25th, 1687.

S=r=.

   The King having, by the enclosed to the Pope, recommended
<P IV,314>
Father Phillip Ellis, D=r=. Gifford, and
D=r=. Smith, to be Bishops (\in partibus\) , his Maj=ty= would
have you deliver the same to his Holinesse, and
sollicit the expedition of their Bulls and other Dispatches 
requisite in this behalfe.

I am, S=r=, your most humble servant,

Sunderland P.


[} [\LETTER DXXI.\] }]

Whitehall, December 22d, 1687.

S=r=,

   The King having received an account as well by
your letters as otherwise, that Father Petre has been
misrepresented to his Holinesse as a person very ambitious
and continually pressing his Majesty to obtain
a Cap for him, his Majesty has thought if fit for his
owne honor and the vindication of Father Petre, to
write the enclosed to his Holinesse and to the Generall
of the Jesuits, to let them know that his Majesty
has been induced from his owne motion alone to
repeate his instances for Father Petre's promotion,
as having had long experience of his merit, and the
many services he has done to the Catholique Church,
for which he has also suffered much; and that therefore
his Majesty is perswaded his Holinesse will
<P IV,315>
agree to his desires herein. His Majesty would have
you deliver these Letters as soon as you can, and
hopes the Pope will not any longer delay gratifying
him in so reasonable a request, and which his Majesty
desires so earnestly from his Holinesse.
   I am, S=r=, your affectionate friend and humble 
servant,

Sunderland P.


[} [\LETTER DXXII.\] }]

Whitehall, February 20th, 1687-8.

S=r=,

   The King having thought fit to make the Cardinal
d'Este Protector of his dominions at Rome, and intending
you should give your attendance upon him,
as the King's Secretary, and be with him in his
pallace, his Majesty commands me to let you know,
that accordingly, as soon as the Cardinal comes to
Rome, you must apply yourself to him, and tell him
you have received orders to attend his Highness for
his commands upon all occasions. His Majesty will
continue you in the station of his Agent, but you
must upon noe occasion make use of that character
<P IV,316>
for transacting any business, but only such as the 
Cardinal shall direct, unlesse you shall at any time
receive an expresse command from hence. I have
writ to the Cardinal to this effect, so that you must
govern yourself accordingly.

S=r=, your affectionate friend and servant,

Sunderland P.


[} [\LETTER DXXIII.\] }]

Whitehall, June 4, 1688.

S=r=,

   I have received several letters from you, but have
nothing to say in answer to any of them except that
of the 22th of May, which I have laid before the
King, who commands me to tell you that my Lord
Thomas Howard, who will goe hence in a few days
with the character of Envoy Extraordinary to the
Pope, and will be speedily at Rome, has directions
to satisfy his Holinesse concerning the Oath of which
you write, taken by the Catholick Privy Counsellors.
   I am, S=r=, your most affectionate friend and servant,

Sunderland P.

<Q E3 XX CORO COUNC>
<N LET TO ROCHESTER>
<A X>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P III,348>
[} [\LETTER CCCLXXXVI.\] }]
<P III,349>
   After our very hearty Commendations to your
Lordship: it having pleased Almighty God about ten
of the Clock this morning to blesse His Majesty and
his royall Consort the Queene with the birth of a hopefull
Son, and his Majesty's Kingdomes and Dominions
with a Prince, Wee doe by His Majesty's command
hereby signify the same unto your Lordship, desiring
that it be likewise forthwith communicated by You to
<P III,350>
your Deputy Lieutenants, the Justices of Peace, and
the severall Corporations within your Lieutenancy, to
the end they may all joyne, at such time as his Majesty
shall please to appoint by his royall Proclamation
for that purpose, as well in solemne Thanksgiving to
Almighty God, for so inestimable a blessing, as in such
other expressions of publique rejoyceing, as are suitable
and accustomed on so great an occasion. And so wee
bid your Lordship very heartely farewell. From the
Council Chamber in Whitehall this 10=th= of June 1688.

Yo=r= Lo=ps= very loving friends

Jeffreys. C.

Sunderland P. Bathe. Powis.

Middleton. Crauen. Castlemaine.

Douer. Dartmouth. J. Ernle.

John Nicholas.

   To our very good Lord Laurence Earle of Rochester
Lord Lieutenant of the County of Hartford.
  

<S SAMPLE 2>

<Q E3 XX CORO CAPEL>
<N LET TO KING>
<A CAPEL ARTHUR>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST UP>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 88>
[} [\LXXII. THE EARL OF ESSEX TO THE KING.\] }]

May it please yr Ma=ty=

   Having sent over Sir Cyrill Wyche to attend yr Majesties
service in Parlm=t= who being sufficiently instructed to give   #
yr
Mat=y= a full account of all ye affairs in this Kingdom T'will  #
be
unnecessary by this Letter to trouble yr Mat=y= with ye         #
particulars.
Two things have principally employd my time here since my
last kissing yr Mat=y's= hands; The ascertaining ye Quit rents  #
by
reducing those wch are upon barren lands, and the settling ye
province of Conaght, both wch will I doubt not turne to acct    #
for
your Mat=y's= service: For ye first of them will render that    #
Revenue
for ever after solvent, And ye latter as it is a work of great  #
Justice
and Charity, and will relieve many poor familys, who have for
divers years bin kept out of their estate, so will it also in   #
some
proportion improve yr Mat=ey's= Revenue by bringing many Quitt
Rents into charge, wch could not be done till ye lands were     #
passt
in patent: In both these as also in all other matters Sir       #
Cyrill Wyche,
when yr Mat=y= shall please to allow him ye opportunity will    #
give yr
Mat=y= a relacon of ye methods of my proceedings, and ye        #
measures
I take in all, wherein I hope yr Mat=y= will receive that       #
satisfaction
as may bee a further confirmation of ye truth and reallity,     #
wherein
I desire to appear in all humility  Yr Mat=ys=, etc., etc.

<P 126>
[} [\CVII. THE EARL OF ESSEX TO THE KING.\] }]

May it please yr Mat=y=.
  
   I doe with all humility acknowledge ye favour yr Mat=y= was
pleased to doe mee in signifying by a letter written with yr    #
owne
hand yr intention of my returning home, and that yr Mat=ey= has
also therein given mee such an undeniable testimony of yr       #
satisfaction
in my management of those affairs wch yr Mat=ey= hath for
almost five years committed to my care wth ye assurance yt you
will be pleased to retain in yr princely memory ye endeavors I
have used justly and honestly to discharge my Trust wch truly I
can justify to all ye world I have performed with an upright    #
conscience
and if any cavills have arisen agnst my proceedings here
it may bee they have bin founded upon my insisting strictly on
yr Mat=y's= Right and not admitting some persons to take that   #
as
due wch if allowed they ought to accept as Grace from yr        #
Majestie:
And as it hath ever bin my practice in these Employments        #
wherewith
yr Mat=y= hath thought fitt to honour mee strenuously to assert
and maintaine ye prerogative to wch you were borne so I hope yr
Mat=y= will be pleased to believe yt in all capacitys yr        #
Mat=y= shall at
any time place mee I will continue steady and firme to ye same
cause as being with all devotion, etc., etc.

To Ye King
Dublin Castle
April 28, 1677.

<Q E3 XX CORO CHARLES>
<N LET TO ESSEX>
<A CHARLES II>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH>
<U X>
<E DIST DOWN>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,24>
[} [\XIV. CHARLES R. TO THE EARL OF ESSEX.\] }]

Charles R.

   Right Trusty and Right Wellbeloved Cousin & Councellour,
Wee Greet you Well. Whereas Wee are given to understand that
the Earle of Orrery hath applyed to you for your Lycence &
permission to plant certaine greate Guns in his Castle or       #
House of
Ballymartin within that Our Kingdome, and that hee doth further
pretend to Power under the Greate Seale of that Our Kingdome to
fortify one other of his Houses called Charle Ville in Our said
Kingdome with Forts and Bullwarkes, and to Mount and use Greate
Guns on the said Fortifications, Wee cannot but take notice to  #
you
how unfitt Wee thinke it That any such Lycences should be       #
granted,
<P I,25>
And therefore Wee doe not onely well approve yo=r= refusall of  #
the
desire he made as to Ballymartin, But further Wee will, and
accordingly Wee doe hereby sufficiently authorise and require   #
you
to give order for the recalling and revokeing in such way and   #
forme
as shall bee found necessary the said Power and Lycence soe
pretended  to be granted to him to fortify his House of Charle  #
Ville
as aforesaid, in case upon enquiry you doe finde that any such
Lycence or Authority has been granted to him, which Wee cannot
but Looke upon as a surprise of a dangerous nature upon us, if
indeed Wee have att any time heretofore made him such a Grant.
For which these Our Letters shall bee your Warrant. And soe
Wee bid you heartily farewell. Given att Our Court att          #
Whitehall
the 7th day of September in the 24th yeare of Our Reigne
1672.

<P I,112>
[} [\LXXVIII CHARLES R. TO THE EARL OF ESSEX.\] }]

Charles R.

   Right Trusty and Right Welbeloved Cousin & Counsellor, Wee
greet you well, Whereas Wee were pleased to referre the         #
examination
of the late difference arisen in the Corporae~on of Our City
<P I,113>
of Dublin in that Our Kingdome, about the Election of Com~on
Councell men out of the severall Companies, to the Com~ittee of
Our Privy Councill for the affaires of Ireland, and they having
reported their opinion thereupon to us, and Wee considered &
approved of the same, Wee have thought fit in pursuance thereof
to signify to you Our Pleasure that the last choice made by the
Lord Mayor of that Our Citty of the compleate number of Com~on
Counsell men all at once, leaving out the ten or eleven Roman
Catholiques that were chosen at the first choice, shall stand   #
and be
confirmed, and Wee doe hereby require and direct you to doe all
things, and give all necessary Orders for the speedy settling   #
of this
affaire accordingly. And for soe doing this shall be your       #
Warrant.
Given at Our Court at Whitehall, the day of August, 1673,
in the Five and Twentieth yeare of Our Reigne.

<P I,197>
[} [\CXXX. CHARLES R. TO THE EARL OF ESSEX.\] }]

Charles R.

   Right Trusty and Right Welbeloved Cousin and Councellour,
Wee greet you well. Whereas Wee have been informed of certaine
disorders fomenting in Our Citty of Dublin to create            #
disturbances
upon y=e= account of y=e= late Rules for regulating that and    #
the other
<P I,198>
Corporations of Our Kingdome of Ireland. And Whereas the        #
procuring
of hands to a Petition against a Law is in it self an Act of
Sedition, especially when prepared to be addressed to such a    #
Power
as cannot change the Law, though never soe greivous. Wee having
taken the same into Our consideration, and that the said        #
Rules, as
farre as wee can take notice of them, are extreamely usefull to
Government in many respects, and that if Wee should think fit   #
to
give way against any complaints, though they may seem very
specious, might yet in the consequence disturbe Our whole       #
Government
there. And that the said Rules are of equall credit and
Authority with the Act of Settlement, the attempt of breaking   #
any
part whereof Wee look upon as very dangerous and prejudiciall   #
to
Our Service. Wee have, therefore, thought fit to direct and     #
require
you, as Wee doe by these Presents, to use such means as you     #
shall
think fit for the effectuall suppressing all Preparations to    #
such a
Disorder in the same manner as you would doe any other          #
Sedition,
and that you give Order to Our Atturney or Sollicitor Generall
there to proceed by information against the Principall movers   #
in this
businesse, if you should think it for Our Service.              #
Neverthelesse,
Our pleasure is, that you enquire and certify unto Us, with     #
what
convenient speed you may, what Numbers there are of persons
living in any of the Corporations of that Our Kingdome within   #
the
benefit of the words [{and others{] in the second Rule, that    #
may give
occasion of offence, to the End that Wee may be informed        #
whether
there may be any seeming grounds for these complaints. And for
soe doing this shall be your Warrant. And soe Wee bid you
heartily farewell.
   Given at Our Court at Whitehall the 31=st= day of March,     #
1674, in
the Six & Twentieth yeare of Our Reigne.

<Q E3 XX CORO OSBORNE>
<N LET TO ESSEX>
<A OSBORNE THOMAS>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 40-60>
<H HIGH PROF>
<U X>
<E DIST EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 21>
[} [\XIX. THE EARL OF DANBY TO THE EARL OF ESSEX.\] }]

London 1st June 1675

My Lord.

   I acknowledge ye great honour and favour of yr Excellency's
letter by Mr Godolphin, and concurre with you yt itt would be   #
of
<P 22>
great use to have yr Excellency here to conferr with his        #
Ma=tie= upon
those important matters mentioned therein. I have nothing to
object agt itt, if yr Excellency have not; but on ye contrary   #
as
I believe his Ma=tie= will receive advantage by itt, so I       #
should take itt
for an happy occasion to give yr Excellency a confirmation of   #
my
readinesse to pay you all manner of service and respect. Yr
Excellency is so well knowing to ye present Constitution of our
Court, that no body can give you better measures of itt than yr
Excellency is able to give yr selfe, and though itt bee very    #
difficult
to steere amongst so many rocks of faction, without striking    #
upon
some; I doubt not but yr Excellency by yr great prudence may
bee soe happy as to do itt.
   The news of yr Excellencie's intentions to come for England
arrived here two or three days before Mr Godolphin, and I have
heard that some who hope in time to bee yr successors were glad
of itt, but I conceave yr Excellency is so well assured of all  #
our
services to you, how little so ever wee afford of good ones to  #
one
another, that you can bee in no danger of that kind, although   #
in a
matter so nice as this yr Excellency must needs bee ye best     #
Judge.
I believe ye Parliament is like to sitt longer than was         #
expected for
ye differences between ye houses are so widened, and yett itt   #
is
so necessary they should come to some composure before they
part that itt looks as if their sitting would yett bee of a     #
month's
continuance at least.
   The King has directed me to attend him tomorrow about the
matters of yr Excellencie's last letter and I shall not bee     #
wanting
to acquainte you with his Ma=ties= pleasure so soon as I know   #
itt,
and in ye meane time I desire yr Excellency will continue to    #
mee
ye happinesse of being esteemed

My Lord
Your Excellencie's most faithfull and most
humble servant

Danby.

<P 45>
[} [\XXXVII. THE EARL OF DANBY TO THE EARL OF ESSEX.\] }]

Wallingford House March ye 25=th= 1676.

My Lord

   Perhaps your Excellency may think it unnecessary to trouble
you with an answer to yours of ye 14=th= instant because I      #
have since
(viz ye 19=th=) communicated it to his Ma=tie= in ye presence   #
of his
Royall Hignesse, Yourself and my Lord Ranelagh, and your
excellency did then receive his Ma=ties= Pleasure as to all ye  #
matters
contained in itt, saving that part wch relates to ye            #
90000=lbs=, for
which my Lord Ranelagh desires his discharge; and I hope your
Excellency will receive your orders in that also before your    #
departure,
it being by no means proper for mee to determine till your
Excellency have received satisfaction of ye equity of his       #
Demand
in that particular.
   But because your excellency will remember I then told you I
differd in somethings your letter charged my memory withall it
may bee convenient for avoiding future mistakes to acquaint     #
your
excellency that I remember no greater summe out of ye           #
advance-money
for arms than 10,000=lbs= and I very well remember yt ye
20000=lbs= for ye Repairs of Windsor was never intended out of  #
ye
advance-money, but out of ye 20000 yearly reserved during ye
<P 46>
whole Farme to his Ma=ties= private dispose and for yt reason   #
it was yt
neither my Lord Ossory's not my Lord Duras's Grants were to     #
take
place upon itt ye first Year.
   I told your Excellency then also yt I rememberd nothing of
your desire to have ye first 30000=lbs= remitted in specie      #
into Ireland
till a good while after ye old Farmers' Privy Seale was pass'd  #
for itt,
but  that (as it was long before agreed they should have their
20000=lbs= Defalcations, and 10000=lbs= for ye Kings use payd   #
out of
ye first of ye Advance-money) Your Excellency agreed ye same,
and it was my motion y=t= for ye quickening their payments to   #
ye
Army in Ireland, ye money might remain deposited in ye hands
of ye Treasurer of ye Navy though it could bee apply'd to no    #
other
use then Privy Seale directs; so that although both ye old
Farmers and my Lord Ranelagh insisted upon having ye Kings
Engagement made good of being payd yt summ out of ye first
of the advance, yet there was nothing done in itt, but with     #
your
Excellency's consent and approbation.
   For ye September and Christmas Pay of ye Army, I know what
posture Your Excellency hath said it to bee in and your         #
Excellency
has shewd mee Letters to ye same effect out of Ireland, and     #
finding
15,000=lbs= of ye Michas Pay unpaid about a month or six weeks  #
ago,
I remember Your Excellency would then fain have remitted
that sum into Ireland out of ye deposited money here, and I
would have been as glad of it if it could have been done; but
as that was not practicable so your Excellency and my Lord
Ranelagh has always differd in ye quantum of what was in arrear
for ye Michas Pay, as well as for ye severall Pays due to ye    #
Army
before that time and my Ld Ranelagh did then undertake before
his Ma=tie= to give him a particular account in a short time    #
of what
hee agreed to be a true state of ye Present Debt to each troop  #
and
Company.
   As your Excellency has been very prudent in laying before    #
his 
Ma=tie= ye condition and state of Ireland and (since you were   #
pleased
<P 47>
to do it through my hands) I hope you will pardon my endeavour
to rectify any mistake which might remaine concerning myself in
that Representation, who am

Your Excellency's most faithfull
humble servant
Danby.

<Q E3 XX CORO AUNGIER>
<N LET TO ESSEX>
<A AUNGIER FRANCIS>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E DIST EQUAL>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P 24>
[} [\XXII. FRANCIS LORD AUNGIER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX.\] }]

Lond June 5 1675

My Lord,

   The scene being much altered in ye difference between both
Houses since my last, I presume to give yr Ex=cy= this short    #
narrative
of it. On Tuesday last the House of Commons ordered their
Sergeant to take into Custodye Sir Jo: Churchill, Mr Serg=t=    #
Pemberton,
Mr Serg=t= Pecke and Mr Charles Porter, as persons who had
infringed the Previledges of ye House by appearing at the       #
Lords'
Barre in a case wherein Mr. Dalmahoy (a member of ye House)
was concerned. And to the intent that they might be ye easier   #
had,
Mr Speaker invited them to dinner and after they had made good
cheere gave them very good advice to obviate and prevent any
further disputes between both Houses, wch they then seemed to
complye withe, But our Serg=t= letting them have their liberty  #
upon
parroll they were the next day sent for by ye Lords and att     #
their
barre interrogated in all particulars concerning their          #
committment,
and had thereafter given them the protection of ye House. The
same day ye Lords sent a message to us bye my Lord
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas and my Lo: Chiefe Baron
for a present Conference upon matters of high importance        #
wherein
his Ma=ties= honour and ye safety of ye Kingdom was concerned,  #
and
the Houses agreeing to ye present Conference the inclosed paper
was read with a very audible voice by my Lord Privy Seale. On
Thursday the House sent their Sergeant to ye tower for neglect
<P 25>
of his duty in suffering his prisoners to escape and ordered Mr
Secretary in their name to beseech his Ma=tie= that wee might   #
have
another Sergeant appointed to attend them, and accordingly my
Lord Chamberlaine appoynted one Topham a very stout fellow
to attend ye House.
   Yesterday morning as Mr Speaker was coming through           #
Westminster
Hall to ye House he mett Mr Serg=t= Pemberton whom he
commanded his officers then attending to apprehend and secure
in ye Speaker's Chamber, of wch he gave ye House an acc=t= as   #
soone
as they sate, and receaved the thanks of ye House for his zeale
and care in thus asserting their previledges, and the House     #
being
then alsoe informed that Sir John Churchill Mr Serg=t= Peeke    #
and
Mr. Charley Porter were belowe in ye Hall, they commanded       #
instantly
their Serg=t= to carry his men with him downe into ye Hall and  #
to
apprehend ye sayd persons though they were pleading at ye       #
Barres
of any of ye Courtes, and to goe well attended that he might    #
not
receave an affront from ye Black-Rodde whom [\sic\] they        #
understood
was in ye Court of Requests armed with an order from ye House
of Lords to rescue the Prisoners. This order of the House of
Commons was very briskly executed the said persons being taken
from ye severall Barrs of ye Chancery, King's bench and Common
Pleas, and brought safe into ye Speakers Chamber without        #
opposition.
But ye House of Lords being informed of these proceedings
they immediately order their Black Rodde to fetch out ye sayd
prisoners wherever they should find them committed; they        #
likewise
order their black Rod to apprehend ye Sergeant of ye House
of Commons, and addresse to his Ma=tie= by word of ye           #
white-staves
that another Sergeant might be appoynted to attend ye House of  #
Com=ns=.
   The House of Com=ns= after a long debate vote the said       #
persons
to be sent to ye Tower and Sir John Robinson Ser=t= of ye Tower
being then in ye House had directions not to sett them at       #
liberty
without an order from ye House.
   By this time it was twoe of ye clock and ye House of Lords
<P 26>
had adjourned for an hour or two whose example in yt particular
ye House of Commons thought fitt to follow, And while ye        #
Speaker
was at dinner the Sergeant hired three coaches at Westminster
Hall Gate pretending to carrye his prisoners through ye Citty   #
to
ye tower, being then informed that ye black rod lay in waite    #
for
him in a house neare ye Pallace Yard gate, But he went          #
discreetlyer
to worke, for he carryed his prisoners through Sir John         #
Cotton's
house and tooke bote at his garden stairs and by water          #
delivered
them safe into Sir John Robinson's hands, to whom in three      #
minutes
the black-rod came to demand the Prisoners, but the Lieut.      #
positively
refused to deliver them. As soone as the House mett they
agreed upon the enclosed Reasons in answere to ye Paper         #
delivered
ye day before by ye Lords at a Conference and sent up a message
for a Conference on ye subject matter of ye late Conference, to
wch ye Lords replyed that they would send up an answere by
messengers of their owne. But their black rodd being returned
from ye tower and giving them an acct that ye Lieu=t= of ye     #
tower
refused to deliver ye Prisoners, they voted a second addresse   #
to
his Ma=tie= by ye white-staves that ye Lieu=tnt= of ye tower    #
should be
removed and a new one appoynted in his stead; to wch his        #
Ma=tie=
then answered that he would consider of it and give them an     #
answere
this day by 5 in ye afternoone. When the House of Commons met
this morning, they found their Sergent was changed, and while
they were debating on it with some warmth Mr Secretary Coventry
came in and from his Ma=tie= told us that it was his Ma=ties=   #
pleasure
wee should immediately adjourne till 4 of ye clock in ye        #
afternoon,
when it was his pleasure we should attend him in ye             #
bankquetting
House, and that his Ma=tie= had sent the same message to ye     #
Lords.
   Accordingly we mett when his Mat=ie= made us ye enclosed     #
gracious
speech after wch the Speaker returning to ye House we voted ye
enclosed votes and adjourned ye debate of our Sergeant till     #
Munday
morning.
   The Lords after mett and the white-staves reporting to their
lordships that his Mat=ie= had considered of their addresse     #
concerning
ye removal of ye Lieu=t= of ye tower, bur sawe no reason for    #
it.
Upon wch their Lord=sps= adjourned till Munday. My paper only   #
now
<P 27>
allowes mee roome to beg your Exc=eyes= pardon for this         #
tedious narrative
wch is ye true state of matters of fact betweene both Houses.

I am my Lord
Yr Excy=s= most humble servant
Fran Aungier

<Q E3 XX CORO COMMISS>
<N LET TO CLIFFORD>
<A X>
<C E3>
<O 1640-1710>
<M X>
<K X>
<D ENGLISH>
<V PROSE>
<T LET NON-PRIV>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J INTERACTIVE>
<I FORMAL>
<Z X>

<P I,54>
[} [\XXXIX. COMMISSIONERS OF CUSTOMS TO LORD CLIFFORD.\] }]

Feb. 10, 1672/3.

   May it please your Lop.

   In pursuance of your Lop. reference signifyed to us by S=r=  #
Rob=t=
Howard, wee have considered of y=e= Letter of his Excellency    #
y=e= Lord
L=t= of Ireland & y=e= Paper annent to it; and having fully     #
weigh'd
y=e= matters therein contained, wee doe humbly present your     #
Lop. w=th=
y=e= following state thereof.
   The severall Plantac~ons in America having been first        #
Planted
from this Kingdome of England w=th= the losse of y=e= Lives of  #
many
men, & a vast Expence of Treasure, the trade therefore of those
plantac~ons hath been by severall Lawes & Acts of Parliam=t=    #
appropriated
to England alone. And this is also y=e= practice of other
Nations to keep their plantac~ons enter'd to themselves. 
   That w=ch= is now proposed on behalfe of y=e= Irish nation,  #
That
they may have Liberty for a certain number of ships during the
present warre or his Ma=ts= Pleasure to trade to y=e=           #
Plantac~ons and
unlade in Ireland, paying his Ma=tie= there the halfe penny p~  #
pound,
notw=th=standing y=e= Lawes in force to y=e= contrary, because  #
of y=e=
want of trade in that kingdome by reason of y=e= warrs, wilbe   #
very
prejudiciall to y=e= trade & interest of this nation.
<P I,55>
   For by such an allowance y=e= Kingdome of Ireland will have
y=e= oportunity of vending not only their owne manufactures,
but those also of other parts of Europe in y=e= Plantac~ons,    #
where
only those of England were before sold. And their navigating
cheaper then y=e= English because of their plenty of            #
Provisions will
at least put them in a condition to undersell y=e= English,     #
and so y=e=
manufacture of England must necessarily ly upon their hands,    #
and
y=e= navigation thereof be much obstructed.
   This will unavoydably create y=e= setting up of Ireland in   #
Trade
and Wealth on y=e= basis of y=e= Ruine of this nation w=th=out  #
any increas
of Revenue or advantage to his Ma=tie=, but very much y=e=      #
contrary.
For all traders to y=e= Plantac~ons will more readily goe for   #
Ireland
where they may expect better advantages by Bills of Store &
otherwise from y=e= farmers of y=e= Revenue there, then y=e=    #
Constituc~on
of y=e= present management of y=e= Customes in England will     #
allow of,
& consequently will much lessen his Ma=ts= Customes heer in     #
Linnen,
Brandyes & other Comodityes w=ch= pay great duty in             #
importac~on,
& are hence exported to y=e= Plantac~ons, & make Ireland y=e=   #
staple
of all Plantac~on Comodityes.
   As to what is alledged on behalfe of y=e= sd~ Kingdome of    #
Ireland
in relac~on to y=e= present warre, as an argum=t= for granting  #
them y=e=
Liberty desired during y=e= Warre, will easily be answered      #
when it
is considered that the whole burden of y=e= warre lyes on y=e=  #
Kingdome
of England, & that it partakes more of y=e= effects of y=e=     #
warre
by hindrance of trade than Ireland can doe.
   The danger w=ch= is intimated in y=e= paper, of ships        #
coming from
y=e= plantac~ons to Ireland, and from thence hither according   #
as they
are obliged by their bonds, being chiefly attested on account   #
of
Privateers infesting y=e= Irish Coast, wee doe for that matter
matter humbly present to your Lop. That no Ship goeing from
England to y=e= Plantac~on, or coming from thence, can be any   #
wayes
directly bound for Ireland w=th=out absolute forfeiture of      #
their bonds,
& therefore it may be supposed that no ship puts into Ireland   #
but
upon some extrordinary necessity, or in expectac~on of more     #
then
ordinary advantages.
<P I,56>
   Besides all this, If y=e= Liberty of twenty ships should be  #
granted
w=ch= is insinuated as ships of small Burden, they would        #
easily be
furnish=t= w=th= ships of Greater Burden from y=e= New England  #
men,
& others who have found y=e= encouragem=t= from y=e= farm=rs=   #
of Ireland
to y=e= ruin of y=e= fair Trader here. Nor can it be duly kept  #
to a
Limited number of Ships considering y=e= convenience & number   #
of
their Ports, but it would in time amount to a gen=ll= Liberty.  #
At
least y=e= charge of collecting y=e= halfe-penny per pound in   #
Ireland
will neer ballance y=e= Revenue that will arise to his Ma=tie=  #
thereby,
and will certainly be a great losse in y=e= Customes heer.

   All w=ch= w=e= humbly submit to your Lo=p=.

Rich. Temple. Will. Thomson.

W=m=. Garway. F. Millington.

John Ipton.

Custome House, London,
10 February, 1672.